ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
All writing, whether it is creative or academic, is challenging. To complete a project, one can follow the five steps of the writing process. The first stage is prewriting – all authors have to pick a particular topic about which they are going to write. If the project is academic, this step refers to the research that one will conduct. If the writing is creative, prewriting can be used to gather interesting ideas, premises, scenarios, and genres. The second step is outlining a structure of ideas, during which the concepts and themes gathered in prewriting are organized. Here, the writer may add some details that connect the central ideas or think about the segments of the text – the beginning, the main part, and the ending. The created outline is a foundation of the final text, and it will determine the flow of the project. After organizing the ideas, the writer can start writing a rough draft. The first draft follows the developed plan, combining the ideas gathered in the first and second steps. As a result, the author will get a version of the text that encompasses the concepts and has a solid structure but does not fully account for minor details. The first draft differs from a simple outline in that its contents are presented according to the type of the project – essay, research paper, book chapter, or report. Next, the draft is revised as many times as necessary to address the issues or reshape its contents. The writer can add, move, or take out words, sentences, and paragraphs. In this step, it is critical to evaluate whether all information is covered and explained
Introduction Pornography is a form of entertainment meant to raise sexual emotions. Pornography has exploded sporadically from humble period of nude cards, stag films to being viewed almost as a normal thing in the society. Recently, pornography has become a very controversial socio-political issue. It has sparked debate among various groups. Much has been established on the issue including attitudes towards sexually and explicit materials among the youth. Findings from the investigations endorse their perspective that pornographic materials have both harmful and positive effects. However, the majority view them as harmful, thus supporting pornography restriction. Additionally, the studies show that men watch pornography at a higher rate and hold a more favorable opinion towards the materials as compared to women, thus it points out that gender role has an influence on the attitudes toward pornography (Lottes et al., 1993). This paper provides you with a deep insight into the issues related to pornography including the factors leading to wide spread of this, the various perspective and attitudes towards the matter, and lastly, discuss its various impacts in the society. Factors facilitating the wide spread of Pornography The introduction of Internet has made pornography more invasive because the world wide web is full of pornographic materials. This has increased the number of individual’s watching pornography. The websites lure individuals who would otherwise not have viewed them, thus increasing the number of addicts. The rate of those who access pornographic materials on the internet per second is estimated to be over twenty eight thousand users. The number of pornographic websites is approximated to be more than
Introduction Teamwork is actively integrated into our modern lives (Cain par. 1). The quotation of Henry Ford explains the vitality of teams in the organization, “Coming together is a beginning, staying together is progress, and working together is a success.” (qt. in Hall and Thompson par. 6). However, some people insist that the importance of teamwork is unreasonably overvalued (O’Connor par. 2). Consequently, it is necessary to focus on the problem and discover whether the team is beneficial for the overall organizational performance and productivity. A primary goal of the essay is to compose relevant and useful infographics, which describe the role of the management and provide substantial tips for the managerial contribution. Three articles were carefully chosen from the Internet and assessed to support the infographics with facts. Each of the articles was evaluated separately. However, a summary of all the necessary data for infographics was made. In the end, the conclusion was drawn. Article 1 The article The Organizational Benefits of Teams by Glassop provides sufficient information, which is relevant in the context of the chosen topic. A primary goal of the article is to describe potential advantages, which the enterprise can gain while intensively encouraging team formation in the organization (Glassop 225). Additionally, the research investigates the potential usage of team types in the research study. In this case, “quality circles and self-managing workgroups” are described and evaluated (Glassop 226). Firstly, the terms have to be defined to get a clear understanding of the definitions. Quality circles are the voluntary formations of the employees, who showed initiative in finding the solutions to the rising issues (Glassop 226). In turn, the self-managing work groups occurred due to industrial necessity. In this case, it is vital to monitor the actions of each team member to reach higher organizational performance. Moreover, the article was chosen for evaluation since it provides a plethora of statistical data. According to the results of the American company, 85% of participants of teams claim that teamwork helped them gain a better understanding of the work environment (Glassop 231). Moreover, in these conditions, 90 % of the workforce believed that they have a vehement influence on organizational performance (Glassop 231). Furthermore, 95% of workers had a feeling that they “could contribute to production efficiency” (Glassop 231). However, these results are taking into account only quality circles. Speaking of the effect of self-managing workgroups, the Australian firms were having the improvement in efficiency (59%), service quality (36%), and customer satisfaction (36%) (Glassop 233). Furthermore, the implementation of teams also had a positive effect on employees, as they respected higher responsibility (32%), and it enhanced their motivat
Enterprise Integration Methods It has been noted by some practitioners that over the last few years that there has been significant growth in the importance of enterprise integration. This fact is especially given the fact that many organizations are becoming increasingly reliant on information technology (IT) (Lam and Shankararaman 1). This position suggests a need to ensure both business processes and technology systems are coordinated in a strategic manner. The increased reliance on IT provides a competitive edge though in some cases businesses require some level of IT to function. In the past organizations the required IT applications developed these as standalone systems. Such systems were often developed to address specific functional domains such as sales, marketing, personnel, manufacturing and billing (Lam and Shankararaman 2). The result of this individual approach to systems design resulted in several hundreds or even thousands of separate IT applications. As business evolved there emerged a need to integrate these separate IT applications to be evolved to support additional business requirements (Lam and Shankararaman 2). For example, the need to automate the transfer of customer details from a sales system to a billing system. For this reason integration of IT applications was expensive and time consuming. This piecemeal integration approach led to organizations facing problems owing to a massive application with several custom interfaces. The maintenance of such systems was expensive and thus created the interest for enterprise integration (Lam and Shankararaman 2). Enterprise integration can be defined as strategic consideration of processes, methods, tools and technologies associate with the achievement of interoperability both within and external to the enterprise with the goal of enabling collaborative business processes (Lam and Shankararaman 2). This integration is not only about technology but also considers business processes that cut across business applications. For this reason enterprise integration is business driven. Enterprise integration involves process, service, application, data and presentation integration. There are a number of approaches that have been suggested for enterprise integration including batch, point-to-point, broker-based and business-process integration (Lam and Shankararaman 13). GERAM In response to the need for enterprise integration a variety of integration approaches have come in to existence. Among these is the Generalized Enterprise Reference Architecture and Methodology also known as GERAM. The basis of this approach is the creation of a general architecture including tools, methods and models required to develop and maintain the integrated enterprise (Bernus, Nemes and Schmidt 23). Such tools are supposed to be useful in integration a single enterprise or even a network of enterprises. The GERAM framework is thus considered a suitable solution for all types of enterprises. The general approach used in the framework suggests previously published architecture can maintain identity while identifying through GERAM (Bernus, Nemes and Schmidt 2
Executive summary This paper analyses the human resource department at Tarmac Group Limited. The analysis focuses on Tarmac’s strategic human resource management approach, and notes that the company has lived up to the theoretical conceptualizations of effective SHRM. The paper notes that SHRM includes hiring the right employees, planning, forecasting HR needs, arranging for training and development programs, and managing recruitment and selection processes. Further, the paper notes that Tarmac links its human resources to the company’s objectives through several strategies. Such include hiring the right employees and enhancing their performance by enrolling them in training programs. The paper identifies Tarmac’s mission and vision and indicates how HR has been strategically used to ensure that the mission and vision are attained. The paper also notes that the company uses different methods to attract, recruit, and select the right talent based on current and future HR needs. Advertising job vacancies in relevant publications and on the company’s website are some of the dominant ways through which Tarmac attracts qualified employees. Employee retention at Tarmac is done through a combination of good employee relations, motivation, and activities that bolster their satisfaction in the job. As Part of SHRM, Tarmac engages in performance management. Additionally, the leadership approach at Tarmac has a positive impact on employees’ job satisfaction. Moreover, the culture at Tarmac is developmental since it revolves around developing employees and the company. The paper argues that major transitions at Tarmac were inspired by the need to be remain competitive.The paper concludes by noting that Tarmac has linked its different HRM processes with its vision. The paper thus indicates that the company has successfully implemented SHRM. Introduction This paper provides a human resource department analysis of Tarmac Group Limited (hereunder Tarmac). Tarmac is rated as the largest supplier of construction materials in the United Kingdom. Since 2013, the company has been operating as Lafarge Tarmac. This analysis will, however, concentrate on the human resource management practices at Tarmac up until 2013 mainly because of the availability of information about the company. The analysis will focus on Tarmac’s strategic HR approach, and notes that the company has lived up to the theoretical conceptualizations of effective SHRM. SHRM at Tarmac As a leading supplier of building products and quarry materials in the UK, Tarmac realized early enough that the success of its business depended on hiring people who had the right skills for the job (The Times 100 145). Tarmac has a core belief that indicates that “people make the difference and enable the business to be the leader in its chosen markets” (The Times 100 145). Additionally, it recognizes the HR function as one of the key areas that supports operations in the company. In Tarmac, HR’s roles include planning staff requirements, forecasting HR needs, and managing the recruitment and selection processe
Introduction The Matrix is an American sci-fi action movie directed by Lana and Lilly Wachowski in 1999. According to the plot, after the war between humans and machines, humans were enslaved and placed in capsules to produce energy feeding the engines. Machines created virtual reality to calm the people who remain in the unborn state: a ‘matrix’ projected into consciousness under the guise of truth. Morpheus, the head of the resistance movement, finds and awakens Neo, who can save humanity. This paper aims to put the film in the context of epistemology and explain how the film provides answers to several philosophical questions. Skepticism and the Nature of Reality in Film Skepticism is an attitude towards knowledge that expresses questioning or doubts about examples of experience asserted as belief or dogma. Philosophical skepticism can take a radical form when it requires to abandon judgments on which there is no clear opinion or be more moderate, declaring that nothing can be known with certainty. In a broad sense, skepticism is an opportunity to question knowledge. In this sense, the film’s idea of an illusory reality is evidence of skepticism, as it casts doubt on the world’s very existence. The film also challenges the validity of sensations and visuals and the truth of belief in an illusory reality. Parts of the film support the views of Descartes and Berkeley. Moreover, the film is a cinematic expression of the philosophical discussion between these two great minds. Since Berkeley’s ideas, refute the basic principles of materialistic doctrine, the matrix and its reality are a reflection of these ideas. In particular, Berkeley developed the concept that perception and sensation are real and reflect the material world’s truth (“George Berkeley”). At the same time, Descartes argued that even when the body loses its shape, there remains consciousness, which continues to think, which is evidence of the existence of I. This idea was expressed in his famous formulation, “Cogito ergo sum” (“René Descartes”). Moreover, Neo’s transition from the matrix to the real world’s reality is built on the sequence of meditations from the treatise by Descartes. Interestingly, the script and plot develop in significant accordance with Descartes and Berkeley’s ideas, and answers to the philosophical questions that the film
Analyzing the “The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao” by Junot Diaz, it is necessary to review and describe such issues as the authority and power in the Dominican Republic’s history and how this history impacts the lives of Dominican – Americans in New Jersey. It is also important to regard such issues as the role of science fiction play in the given novel, the description of gender relations in this novel. Previously, a couple of facts about the author of “The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao” should be pointed out. Junot Diaz has a unique multi-point- generational about the immigrant experience with one “nerd’s 1980’s coming – of – age story” (Diaz, 2007). For great scholarly measure, Diaz has contributed greatly in the description of Dominican Republic history. “The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao’ is, actually, much larger on the inside hidden meaning than it is revealed to the reader on the outside. The main hero of the first novel written by Junot Diaz is an overweight American man of Dominican origin. His name is Oscar, and he is a “ghetto nerd” (Diaz, 2007) from the city Paterson of New Jersey. Oscar is also shown as a fan of what he generally calls “the more speculative genres” (Diaz, 2007). He means comic and humorous books, science fiction, novels called “sword -and – sorcery”, playing games with roles – the pop – literary storage of some fantasies and myths that socially maladjusted and sexually disarrange and frustrated guys like him are generally believed to dwell. In his book “The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao,” Diaz, shows amazing high-low adroitness, showing his crazy credentials, his street experience, and wisdom, and also his literary learning with even panache. Significantly, the nickname of Oscar is pronounced in Spanglish (mixed Spanish and English languages) as “Oscar Wilde”, who resembled dressed up in the Doctor Who’s Halloween costume. In this novel, Oscar wonders: “What more sci-fi than Santo Domingo? What more fantasy than the Antilles?” (Diaz, 2007). It may be stated that Diaz was concerned with the question, of how to take into consideration his ancestral homeland, including its politics, its folklore, its Diaspora that brought a lot of its dwellers to North of New Jersey and also to Upper Manhattan. Referring to Diaz, the Dominican Republic, “which occupies the Spanish-speaking half of the island where Columbus made landfall” (Diaz, 2007), is a sort of little country which suffers greatly from an immoderation of history. From the start, it has been a raising base for offbeat destinies and monstrous passions. This novel, written by Diaz, has a wild and roomy spirit, thus, it makes the reader feel much larger concern than it is. Although this novel has a relatively compact range, it includes a rebellious ensemble of genres and styles. The theme of Oscar’s coming–of–age might be considered as the book’s finest layer. It is represented as a young-adult melodrama mixed with a chronicle of a multigenerational and immigrant family that “dabbles in tropical magic realism, punk -rock feminism, hip
Communication refers to the exchange of information and thoughts either through symbols or words between two or more individuals with the objective of creating a common understanding. Alternatively, American Management Association (AMA) defines communication to include any behavior that culminates into interchange of meaning. Communication is an important component in the success of firms in different economic sectors. Debasish and Das (2009, p.13), assert that organizational communication forms the basis of a well governed firm. Lack of a favorable communication climate within a firm can limit a firm’s effectiveness with which it deals with the modern complexities characterizing the business environment. Communication is inseparable from other organizational functions (Debasish & Das, 2009, p. 13). According to Krizan, Logan and Williams (2008, p.5), a firm should have a well integrated internal and external communication networks in order to survive the competitive business environment. Communication determines the probability of a firm succeeding. For example, the success of firms’ day to day activities is affected by the effectiveness with which information is exchanged amongst the employees. Some of the most common types of internal communication within firms relate to performance objectives, financial data, customer orders, employee production reports and job instructions. Through such information, the efficiency with which a firm’s management team makes strategic decisions is increased. There are diverse purposes why firms should consider communicati
Health is considered to be one of the most important human possessions and people have been using the healing power of nature since the beginning of time. Modern science and medical advancements have largely developed drug treatment, thus complementary and alternative medicine is thought to be ineffective and is distrusted by doctors and patients. The opposite view is beginning to dominate societies, as more people use alternative ways of medicine. The modern world has seen many changes in the development and reliance on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). The most general definition of CAM is any medicine or treatment procedure that is not taught in the medical school and cannot be called fully “scientific”. There include homeopathy, treatment of the body’s energy flow, chiropractic procedure, Ayurveda, acupuncture and many more (Micozzi, 2010). The most important principle of CAM is that there is a unity between the mental state of the person and the biological processes of the body. As such, philosophy and the outlook on life are very important in the practice of alternative medicine. It is true that people have been using CAM for many thousands of years but the evidence that is known today is somewhat inconclusive. One of the problems is that there are few studies done that are based on scientific facts and more information is needed to prove effectiveness of CAM (Davis, 2012). Homeopathy is one of the alternative ways to treat deceases and it is based on intruding a minimal amount of the pathogen to the body. The technique relies on the body’s immune system in the hope that it will build up immunity towards the unwanted organism. There are some benefits from the treatment that were reported, as a similar concept is used in immunizations with the introduction of the virus to the body. The negative effects include the possibility that the individual’s organism will not be able to adapt and will become ill. Another alternative to the usual medical treatment is Ayurvedic medicine. The origins come from India and have been practiced for many centuries. This form of medicine is based on natural plant and animal products and thus, can be seen as extremely positive for people’s health. The herbs that are used also have an influence on the balance within the perso
Executive summary It is apparent that there are numerous features that are used to compare Service Utility Vehicles (SUVs) such as Audi Q7 and Toyota Cruiser. From a careful analysis, these types of SUVs are made by different companies. Nevertheless, they have numerous features that are similar and those that differentiate them. The distinct features that one should consider include their category drive types, base transmission, seating capacity, engine performance and fuel consumption. When making a concise comparison, it is imperative to compare both the interior and exterior features. Moreover, one can equally explore the major safety features such as headlights, stability control, hill-start assistance and engine immobility. It is against these standards that this paper intends to make a comparison between two companies namely Audi SUV q7 and Toyota SUV cruiser while demonstrating their marketing concepts. Companies in the motor vehicle industry have to bear in mind that there is stiff competition in the automobile industry and hence the need to exercise the best marketing strategies. Introduction According to Pride, Hughes and Kapoor (2011), there are three major aspects which must be well organized. The first step towards achieving success is attaining optimum supply of variety services or goods. A company must give the market a wide range of products. Secondly, it should be noted that consumers in this industry expect the respective companies to supply them with quality products. Rajagopal (2000) argues that a motor company that does not produce high quality products which transcend the expectations of its clientele is highly likely to fail as an enterprise. Third, in order to succeed in a very competitive business environment, companies should prioritize the productivity of their individual employees (Pride, Hughes & Kapoor, 2011). The latter is likely to replicate towards improving customer satisfaction. Therefore, this explains the reason why companies in the automobile industry should be quite strategic when marketing their finished products to the wider global market. Industry background The motor vehicle industry has been a dominant sector of the economy since time immemorial when the earliest engines were invented. Companies operating in this industry have been able beat the test of time by becoming very competitive in the auto mobile industry. Statistics show that through production of quality products, the industry has been able to become competitive in the global market (Rajagopal, 2000). It is worth noting that various bra