ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Elderly people are often taken for granted in modern society. With the focus on younger people and the provision of opportunities for the new generation, senior citizens are often left in the shadow in the U.S. social environment. However, the identified phenomenon is not ubiquitous; the Japanese culture, on the contrary, provides an entirely different perspective of age and elderly people. By considering some of the concepts that the Japanese culture comprises, the U.S. society may create a more appropriate environment for its senior citizens. Analysis Before considering the attitude towards the elderly members of the population in Japan, one must address the way in which Japanese people interpret age and aging as a concept. A closer look at the lifestyle of the elderly members of the citizens in Japan will reveal that most of the seniors are just as vivacious as young people (Nguyen, Mujtaba, Kass, & Tran, 2015). The identified observation can be supported by the fact that the local healthcare system allows maintaining comparatively high rates of life expectancy. The effects of the identified phenomenon are rather predictable. The senior members of Japanese society are never viewed as inactive or unable to participate in social activities. Quite on the contrary, the Japanese elderly people engage in the activities about which they are enthusiastic. The devotion to a hobby can be considered the essential character trait of a senior member of the Japanese society (Nguyen et al., 2015). Unfortunately, the current attitudes toward senior citizens in the United States leave much to be desired. Although there is no evident disrespect in the relationships between the representatives of different generations, and the essential principles of decency are upheld as crucial principles of the communication between the elderly and the American youth, there is an elusive sense of lack of appreciation among the latter. For instance, the modern American culture has the propensity to stereotype senior citizens as chronically ill and old-fashioned people that are completely out of touch with the progressive reality (Azulai, 2014). As a result, the attitude that younger representatives of the American population have toward the identified members of the society can be described as condescending, at best, and downright neglectful, at worst (Svenningsen, Manoharan, Foss, Lauritsen, & Bay-Nielsen, 2014). Furthermore, even if leaving the negative attitude toward the target members of the population out of the picture and focusing solely on the way in which old people are typically portrayed in the media, one must admit that the image of a senior citizen is surprisingly biased in the U.S. culture. The tendency to attribute characteristics such as senility, lack of initiative, etc., is admittedly disturbing. Therefore, the current por
Introduction The present case study discusses the health issue faced by a 55-year-old woman who works as a lawyer in the old building that was built more than a century ago. What is more, the colleagues of the patient suffer from the same respiratory illness that does not depend on the change of season or addiction to smoking. The problem of the client is closely related to the topic of environmental health. The notion of environmental health proposes that the quality of a person’s life is determined not only by socio-economic, physical, or psychological factors but also by biological and chemical ones. The present paper analyzes the case of a woman suffering from a seven-year respiratory illness. Information that is Pertinent to the Client’s Case As it has already been mentioned in the introduction, it is important that the patient, who suffers from the respiratory illness for seven years that does not depend on the season, has no history of tobacco use, works in an old building, and claims that her colleagues experience the same symptoms. The fact that the illness appeared not shortly after she started to work in an old house makes us suppose that the cause of the health issue lies in the environment. According to Nriagu (2019), materials used to build the house, “human occupants, their activities” are the cause of the airborne pollutants (p. 344). These pollutants, in their turn, could lead to the occurrence of various diseases. In this case, it is essential not to forget that the woman is working in the old building. Hence, the chances are that the building’s ventilation system has not been cleaned for a long time and has become a hotbed of infections and air pollutants. Assessment of the Client’s Ris
European Union (EU) has adopted multilateral governance and sound international trade policies from early on after WWII. Although the EU is still a major figure in the global arena as an exporter, the emergence of China and other developing economies is decreasing its market share. Therefore, the policy changes should revolve around becoming a more competitive contestant to the two largest world economies, which are the US and PRC. One of the significant advantages of the EU is the fact that it is comprised of both highly developed and developing nations. EU needs to consider the rival the economic strength of the United States through its developed countries, such as Germany, in their powers of institutions and the free market. However, developing nations should adopt early Chinese strategies of becoming a manufacturing hub for large multinational corporations. In other words, the emergence of the Chinese economic miracle might result in its downfall in terms of slower growth. It achieved such a state by becoming a cheap manufacturing spot, which was accompanied by a strong emphasis on entrepreneurship. Similarly, many eastern EU nations can fill the gap and replace China because European governance is more reliable and transparent than a Chinese one. In addition, international trade and multilateral policies should gradually shift towards this dual approach of competing with its largest competitors. A key feature of the reform process is the combination of introducing free competition and strengthening government regulation, either through legislative initiatives and direct rule or indirectly through specially created institutions. Given the social and environmental importance of production, the state cannot make completely abstract itself from the sector. Balancing the production and distribution of electricity resources is achieved only through persistent bargaining and compromise.
Introduction Employees in an organization learn new skills and knowledge for both personal and organizational benefits. Training and development provides the same outcome using different methods. Managers in the organization use development and training to improve on the employee’s performance through learning. Differences between the concept of training and development Training is a process used by organizations to improve employee performance and to help them learn new information. Trainings are organized and they usually cover specific topics as planned by the management. Workshops and seminars are some of the events used for group trainings. Training enables people to improve on knowledge and skills and to learn new ideas that improve effectiveness in the workplace (Craig, 1996, p.996). A good training provides useful information that contributes to the development of skills and knowledge used in the workplace. Ideas leant in training are useful in improvement of job performance. Through concept learning and presentation, training improves workplace behaviors and enhances skill development. Development on the other hand is the process used by organizations to create and sustain change in the workplace. It is a systematic process because it seeks to improve on the already working employees. Example of employee development is when an experienced employee helps a new employee to go about a specific job. A manager may decide to coach new employees on the job s/he wants done. Development in the workplace is evident when employees in an organization decide to rotate job responsibilities with the aim of learning more. It involves the process used by employees to gain more experience in the workplace. The main difference between the concept of training and development is that development is a broad term, which includes training as a method of encouraging employees. The activities involved in development are different from the activities involved in training. Both development and training give the same results using different methods. For example, if a manager wants to improve the employee’s ability to work with an accounting package, training is the appropriate thing to do. The manager may want the same employee to understand another job in a different department. To achieve this, the manager will apply development using job rotation. Training and development use different periods because training focuses on current issues where employees learn new skills and abilities that help them to pe
Introduction Irrespective of social class, religious inclination, size of accumulated wealth, epoch inclination, and beauty, death kisses people equality every time it knocks on the door of its victim! The play Hamlet is tragic. Hamlet, an affluent prince, is moved by the death of his father. However, opposite to his expectation, his mother seems unmoved by the unfortunate demise. One of the longest plays written by Shakespeare, the play Hamlet Prince of Denmark is characterized as a tragedy. Thus, the key concept of this reflective treatise is to ascertain the reasons why Hamlet treats Ophelia with contempt. In addition, this view is related to the events in “ Hamlet Prince of Denmark”. Analysis The key antagonists and protagonists demise eventually in the play “ Hamlet Prince of Denmark ”. Interestingly, death is presented as a redeemer of what each character stands for (Hamlet: Plot Summary 2). Hamlet, a Denmark Prince, is the main character in the play. He is the only son to the dead King Hamlet and Queen Gertrude. Claudius is the present King and his uncle that becomes a new husband to his mother. In the climax of the play, Claudius appears to be responsible for the death of King Hamlet. It turns out that he murdered his brother to marry Gertrude. The main theme in this play is death. Particularly, the death of King Hamlet forms the focal story line. Driven by anger, Prince Hamlet assassinates the innocent man behind the curtain because he has been confused by Claudius. In an interesting turn of events, the victim of his anger is the father of Ophelia, Polonius. Ophelia cannot live with the pain of losing his father and soon commit suicide. In a nasty twist, Ophelia’s brother, Laertes actualizes his vow of avenging on the murder of his father and sister by stabbing Prince Hamlet with a poisoned arrow. Unfortunately, he is also wounded and dies (Analysis of Characters in Hamlet 4). Thus, though Hamlet loves Ophelia, the bitterness in his heart cannot let him offer full love and gratitude to Ophelia (Deception in Hamlet 9). Hamlet tells Ophelia, “It would cost you a groaning to take off my edge” (Bosak 75). Death is an obsession in the life of Pri
Introduction There are many cases where companies provide doctored financial reports to enhance the chances of attracting investors. The development of false financial reports has been traditionally used by companies that have fraudulent leadership and management functions, and they always end up losing their investors’ money. There are many financial risks associated with a fraudulent and incompetent leadership function, and external auditors should be very careful when they have suspicions of false financial reporting in a company. The use of false financial statements may mislead the decision-making process on the part of the auditors when making recommendations to the business entities and their respective stakeholders. Analysis According to the analysis of the data performed by Staci, the company seems to be having a high potential for growth over the next half-decade. It is apparent that the company has been financially stable, and it has a performance level that will be attractive to investors. However, there are indications that the information provided by the company might have been doctored to reflect an image of a company that is doing extremely well in business processes. Staci demonstrated her suspicions that the initial data seems to be “quality financial statements’. The data promises investors a growth rate of 30% in the next five years, but Staci does not believe that the company has such a great potential. Additionally, she has been provided with claims that the company has been conducting fraudulent purchases and sales with an affiliate company to boost its financial records. The fact that this information was provided by a friend who was an executive at the ProTech Company shows that Staci’s suspicions might be valid. Staci’s boss at the IIBS is strongly advocating for the stock to be priced above $34, which is suspicious because of the allegations that he has been seen in the amusement park having friendly talks with the CEO of ProTech. Based on the evidence and the allegations, it is clear that Staci’s suspicions might be valid, and she should make a decision based on her instincts. Decision-Making Staci should refer to the case of Enron, whereby the leadership function in the company developed false financial statements to lure the investors into believing that it was performing better (Nogler and Jang 54). The fraudulent leadership function led to the bankruptcy of Enron, and the associated managers were to blame for failing to raise an alarm when they discovered that the executive function was following partisan interests at the expense of stakeholder’s money (Wade 20). Staci should avoid such a scenario by ensuring that the data and information provided is valid (Craft 2013). The first step should involve an independent audit of the ProTech Company. Staci should recommend the postponement of the IPO beca
The current paper will analytically compare the two works, namely The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman and My Last Duchess by Robert Browning. The main character in The Yellow Wallpaper is a woman who has recently married a successful physician (Gilman 3). After she gave birth to their child, her mental health deteriorated, and her husband prescribed her the rest cure – absolute isolation forms the world she lived in. The narrator soon found herself observing the patterns of the yellow wallpaper of the room she stayed in. She started seeing women behind the wallpaper, and she was convinced she had to set them free. Eventually, the narrator began to perform the same behavior she observed from the women in the wallpaper. The narrator of My Last Duchess tells about the painting of his latest duchess (Browning 1-56). He is talking about her beauty, yet blaming her for being happy with something to expect for him. It becomes clear that he is directly related to the duchess death. Thus, these two works will be analyzed and contrasted further. The Yellow Wallpaper is represented as diary notes of the narrator, while in My Last Duchess , the narrator is talking to a present audience. The Yellow Wallpaper ’s main character is a victim of circumstances. The duke in My Last Duchess does not seem to care about the death of his wife. Instead, he is pleased that now he is the only person she smiles at. Despite these differences, there are significant similarities between the characters. The narrators of both stories show an obsession – either for another person or for an idea in their mind. Furthermore, the main characters of both stories are unreliable narrators, and their sanity is questionable. Moreover, the characters represent the mutual elements of patriarchy. In other words, the duke is the man who takes control of his wife, and the narrator in The Yellow Wallpaper is a woman who feels unhappy but believes she can not change anything. Thus, the narrators of the stories may be considered as very close types of narrators, and this paper explains each point of the argument in detail. To start with, the world of both narrators is limited with their obsessive thoughts and intentions. The duke from My Last Duchess pays much attention to whom his previous wife smiled at, what was she happy about, who was she grateful to, except form him. He explicitly states that his duchess should only care about and pay attention to him in the lines “She thanked men—good! but thanked / Somehow
All employers must ensure that all working conditions are safe. In addition, as Ferret and Hughes argue, they must conduct a thorough risk assessment in all operational settings. The evaluation should consider the risks that workers and people who visit the industries face. The visitors can be students on a tour, contractors, or the surrounding communities. Risks faced by pregnant mothers, the elderly, and young people should take precedence (p.365. The health and safety act carries all laws that govern workplace safety. The directions guide employers on measures to implement to guarantee workers’ security. In addition to advising employers, due to the extremity of some risks, the government has laws that specify binding actions that all employers must take to avert risks (Health and safety executive p.3-4). The government gave a directive (89/391/EEC) to ensure all workers had enough protection. It emphasized the adaptation of correct preventive measures by all employers. The standards defined in the directive ensure that all workers have appropriate protection from accidents and diseases. Employers should safeguard this by offering their workers special training and equal participation opportunities (Framework- healthy and safety at work Para. 1). As a result, the directive has improved the safety conditions of many workers in industries. Impacts of management regulations on industry These laws forced many industries to be responsible for their workers’ well-being. As a result, there have been significant improvements in productivity, reduction in losses, and quality through risk assessment measures. The mining industry has come up with measures to ensure their worker’s safety. This includes drilling escape tunnels in case of explosions and collapsing mines. In addition, many industries have improved their ventilation systems and fire control systems by installing fire dampers. This has dramatically promoted safety in the mining industry due to reduced accidents (Good practice guide p.10-34). On the other hand, there are reduced risks and diseases associated with waste management in chemical industries. This is because; most chemical sectors have developed advanced technologies for treating wastes to avoid contamination. In addition, the number of deaths resulting from chemical contamination has reduced drastically. Many chemical manufacturing companies use advanced technologies, such as thermal treatment and anaerobic digestion, to treat their wastes. Due to the adaptation of the measures, there has been a reduction in cases of musculoskeletal and other skin infections (because workers receive the required protection). For example, research by the health and occupational reporting network (THOR) showed that cases of infections reduced from 12,410 reported in 2002 to 10,198 in 2003 (Chen, Turner, and Hussey p.2). Although the cost of putting up the machinery is high, the industry’s annual expenditure on workers’ treatments, court cases, an
Introduction The myth of the Western, a genre that is best known for the movies it has produced, is prevalent in American culture and has influenced it throughout the concept’s existence. First appearing in 1902, the writing movement has firmly rooted itself in the culture of the United States, surviving through a variety of periods (Dulska 2017, 73). The western has changed its themes and preferred subjects to suit the interests of the audience, particularly after World Wars I and II, but the core themes have remained unchanged (Anderson and Chamberlain 2008, 310-331). As the United States is a nation that mostly consists of descendants of European immigrants, the frontier is among their few claims to unique historical experiences, which may explain the nation’s preference for the genre. The emergence of the Western is closely associated with the development of American literature, which culminated in the romanticization of the period and its traits. The complex storytelling of James Fenimore Cooper combined with increasingly popular dime novel themes to transform the central conflict into one between people, particularly the West and the East (Dulska 2017, 74). As a mix of several well-received trends, the Western genre quickly became highly demanded by American citizens. It featured classic heroic conflicts that were easy to understand, an environment that evoked interest and nostalgia, and humor that softened the impact of the events. However, the popularity of the genre would soon see a decline as regional writing from other regions emerged. After World War I, which introduced an era of scientific and technological progress, people became more interested in perceptions and feelings. The rapid change ushered in a number of genres that detailed the responses to the new realities by long-standing social groups, concentrated on the wilderness, and attempted to view cowboys in a more realistic light (Anderson and Chamberlain 2008, 310). Nevertheless, the idealized form of the western retained some of its popularity, and some of the codifying works in the category as well as films that display the popularity of the theme come from the period between the two World Wars (Langford 2003, 27; “A Dude Ranch” 1930). The second instance of the tragedy brought about another significant shift to the genre. World War II has seen the rise of postmodernism, an approach to art that calls prior beliefs or practices into question. As the most recent popular movement before the war, modernism received a particularly harsh critique. Postmodernist writers used a variety of existing forms as mediums for their messages, and westerns were no exception (Sinowitz 1999, 147-148). Nevertheless, demand for classical or slightly altered works in the genre persisted throughout the 20th century, declining towards the end despite attempts at a revival (Langford 2003, 26). Currently, there are not many new