ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The United States is a host to many varied cultures and is considered the world’s super power with developments that are envied all over the globe. The country’s democracy has undergone various changes over the years. It has also made several steps towards peace, and equity, among other principles of its foundation. However, this was not achieved in a day; in fact, it took several decades of civil wars and conflicts, among other problems to realize the American dream. The country boasts of varied culture that arises from immigration. Every year, it receives people from other countries as immigrants. This has improved its credibility in the world. Some of the ethnicities that live in the United States include, Native Americans, African Americans, Chicanos, Asian Americans, among others. These ethnicities did not find it easy settling in the country. They went through various obstacles such as discrimination, among others. This led to conflicts that spurred acts of atrocities. The strategies employed to fight against racial discrimination included political participation, armed resistance, legal system, and economic participation, among others. This paper will therefore explore each of these ethnicities, their most effective along with the least effective strategies employed in fighting against racial discrimination, as well as the evidence (Baugh 133-146). Native Americans These were indigenous people found in North America by the European colonialists. They lived in areas such as Alaska, Hawaii, among others parts. The community was composed of various tribes, ethnic groups and States. In most cases, these communities are referred to as Indians or American Indians. The largest of these tribes included Apache, Iroquois, Navajo, Sioux, Cherokee, among others. In the last 500 years, the community encountered discrimination and wars with European populations. These were mainly because they had encroached on their Native lands and also tried to displace them. In the process, most were killed; some assimilated, and others removed. In the 19 th century, the communities were granted citizenship after several treaties and wars. During United States’ fight, for independence against British, Native Americans sided with the latter hoping that they would help them avoid land seizure. This later backfired as the British handed over their land to Europeans. They also sided with Southern States during the civil war. George Washington later
The intense competition in the business consulting sphere With the rapid development of the business management consulting sphere and the intense competition in it, the consulting firms need to develop effective strategies for improving customers’ satisfaction with their services and creating a competitive edge. F.A.R.M (Fontenot, Anderson, Ramsey, and Maye) Business Management Consulting Firm as a dynamic group with clearly defined roles and responsibilities provides high-quality consulting services and aids clients in meeting their business objectives by transmitting valuable expertise. The inner organization and strategy of F.A.R.M This paper addresses the major benefits of cooperating with F.A.R.M., covering the issues of the organizational structure of the firm and the strategies which the team uses for enhancing the effectiveness of client-consultant collaboration. Focusing on professionalism, as one of the core elements of the F.A.R.M. philosophy, the company recently implemented the skills assessment matrix while assessing the skills and abilities of its members for defining their spheres of expertise and responsibilities and transferring their skills to customers more effectively. Mehta (2009) noted that “One of the reasons why skills transfer still appears among the
Introduction The United States Congress refers to the bicameral parliamentary system provided by the constitution. It is distinct from the other organs of government. The bicameral legislature is made up of two houses, namely the senate, which is composed of two senators representing each state, and the House of Representatives whereby members are elected by considering their demographic distribution. The House of Representatives is made up 435 seats. Todd Russell is one of those individuals who occupied those seats. Todd Russell was a Republican politician representing Pennsylvania’s 19 th Congressional District since 2001. He officially retired in 2012. The 19 th Congressional borough is made up of Adams, York province, and sections of Cumberland region. This paper describes a congressional and electoral profile of Todd Russell by explaining his earlier life and career before joining the House of Representatives. The paper also presents his achievements, failures, and his current career. While giving the profile, the discussion will also consider the voting record, ideology, and district characteristics. Early Life and Career and Personality of Todd Platts Congressman Todd Russell Platts was born in York County on March 1962. He spent most of his childhood in York and attended the York Suburban Senior High School where he graduated in 1980. According to Platts he then proceed to a domestic university in Pennsylvania (Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania) where he graduated with a degree in Public Administration in 1984 (Para. 3). Pepperdine is a mid-sized university that has links with the Churches of Christ, hence an indication of the good and humble background that Mr. Platts was nurtured. He has been recorded thanking the parents for nurturing him in a stable and establishing for him a foundation for prosperity. After graduating from the law school, he commenced his career as an advocate and associate in a legal firm: Barley, Synder, Senft, & Cohen law firm. According to Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, he first appeared in the public limelight as early as 1991 when he became a representative of the 196 th legislative district replacing Ruth B. Herper in Pennsylvania’s House of Representatives (8). Currently, Platts has Leslie Platts as his wife. The partners have been blessed with two teenagers. He is a fun of music and books. It is likely to find him reading a number of books that his wife, Leslie, brings from the library every two weeks. He loves driving and often drives to get time to meditate about forthcoming hearings or vote. Being a staunch Republican, he was at times compelled to go by the stand of the party even when he thought that a majority of the electorate in Pennsylvania’s 19 th Congressional District would have a contrary opinion. For instance, he supported the amendment of mi
Optimal night shift management is an engaging subject that is worthy of further research due to the numerous difficulties inherent in running a successful night shift. This essay will add to the existing literature both with a sophisticated analysis of the different aspects involved in managing the night shift and a detailed proposal suggesting the ways of ensuring optimal management techniques for the night shift. The implications of a biblical worldview on perceptions about nurses generally and the night shift, more particularly, have been analyzed at length. However, there is, in truth, no correct answer to the topic. This research contains a great many implications for my professional future in the health care industry. It is apparent that current night shift practices are in need of an overhaul and that a biblical worldview is not always the preferred option for health care professionals. There is a wide variety of characteristics and challenges to the night shift, which demand particular hiring, firing, motivating, and training techniques. A review of the literature on the subject reveals that numerous studies have been conducted on specific aspects of these challenges and characteristics. According to Da Silva Borges and Fischer (2009) and Geiger-Brown et al. (2012), among the most crucial of these challenges are the potential risks to patients that arise from long night shifts. According to the conducted study, work during the night shift, regardless of napping, affects the perceived sleep quality of nurses, the duration of sleep, their sleep to wakefulness cycle, and alertness during work hours (Da Silva Borges and Fischer, 2009). This issue is exacerbated by the prevalence of inter-shift fatigue – leftover tiredness from previous shifts – caused by poor scheduling, often due to insufficient staff members and stretched resources in hospitals (Geiger-Brown et al., 2012). High fatigue has been observed to lead to high caffeine intake, which has its own recorded implications for long-term wellbeing and healthy sleep patterns (Geiger-Brown et al., 2012). Tiredness and fatigue are thus shown to be the most prevalent issues affecting performance levels during night shifts, and inefficient managerial practices often exacerbate them, worsening the problem. There appears, at first, to be a relatively simple solution to the parallel problems of fatigue and poor scheduling on night shifts. Increasing the number of nurses and staff during night shifts, and redistributing the work among more people, thus lessening the number of changes per nurse, seems logical. However, hospitals are often held back by a lack of funding and staff numbers too low to truly handle all the work smoothly and without exhaustion and overtime
I believe that choosing the most appropriate approach is crucial for an effective negotiator. Therefore, I think a “good” negotiator is the one who can choose the right approach for a particular setting. All negotiation styles can be effective under certain circumstances and a good negotiator should be able to understand the peculiarities of the situation to choose the right negotiating style. Sometimes, negotiators who choose the right style do not notice that the situation (the other side’s needs, desires, approaches, and so on) has changed, and he/she still sticks to the chosen paradigm. It is a big mistake that often leads to failed negotiations. Apart from this, a good negotiator has to be firm, confident, and calm. Emotions can prevent negotiators from reaching a solution that will be beneficial for all the parties involved. A good negotiator tries to reach a win-win solution as this will translate into proper management of conflict and development of positive relationships with partners. As for my approach to negotiating with people, I tend to use compromising. In some situations, I may use accommodating and avoiding, as well. In the majority of cases, I try to achieve some compromise, as I want the other party to be satisfied with the results of the negotiation. More so, I am ready to make concessions even if it makes me somewhat dissatisfied with the result of the negotiations. When there is a possibility of a conflict, I often try to avoid it. I can try to avoid people who may start an unpleasant conversation with me. In many cases, I may avoid people not to start an unpleasant conversation even though it is necessary. I often do not like to make people frustrated and, hence, I tend to cooperate to a high-degree even if this can frustrate me. I have to admit that my negotiation style is not very effective as it is associated with frustration and dissatisfaction of both (or one) side. As for my dominating approach (compromising), it has various disadvantages as it makes the negotiators make too many concessions, which often results in a lose-lose situation and further development of the conflict. Perhaps, I fail to find the ways that can make both sides satisfied and this is why the approach I use does not work effectively. As for avoiding and accommodating, these styles can have detrimental effects for me as my needs and desires are neglected. This makes me frustrated, and it also worsens my relationships with other people. Of course, this can prevent me from having effective negotiations with these individuals in the future. I may even start avoiding them. However, accommodating often brings positive outcomes. For instance, I manage to develop positive relationships with many people since I am not assertive, and they achieve their goals. Of course, this can be effective if the outcomes of the negotiations are acceptable for me. Otherwise, the approach leads to my frustration. I think accommodating and avoiding are the approaches I will use less in the future. I already try to avoid them. There are quite a few scenarios where avoid
Introduction Healthcare systems are bodies mandated to deliver medical services with a view of curbing diseases. The US government has strived to establish more health programs to promote the well-being of the ever-increasing population in the Chicago City. This essay provides an insight into the healthcare systems of the city by analyzing various needs of the people, policies, facility overviews, roles, and structures. Major Healthcare Needs of Chicago City The healthcare needs of the Chicago City are determined by analyzing various factors that include accessibility, cost of services, and sources of funding healthcare in both private and public facilities. Healthcare insurance is an aspect that is prioritized in the city. Accessibility of Health Authorities at the Chicago City are striving to improve the availability of healthcare services for its residents. This situation is ensured through the provision of quality and comprehensive healthcare, including primary care services (Fossett et al., 1992). The number of uninsured and underinsured people has been increasing regardless of the growth of many insurance firms in the city. Therefore, there is a need to encourage people to enroll in health insurance in an attempt to reduce costs that are incurred in hospitals. This situation will increase accessibility of healthcare to many citizens who dwell in the city (Luo & Wang, 2003). Costs of Healthcare in Chicago City Hartman, Martin, Nuccio, and Catlin (2010) reveal that the overall cost of healthcare services in Chicago City has been amplifying in the last rise in the last decade. It is approximated that the expenditure will increase to about 5 trillion dollars by 2021 (Hartman et al., 2010). This situation will account for about 20-percent of the country’s GDP. Government Progress in Healthcare Services The government has been implementing health policies and education programs. (Fossett et al., 1992). It has also strived create awareness of the importance of health cover amongst the city residents. Current health programs that are in place include Medicaid, CHIP, Medicare, and High-Risk State Pools among others. The government plans to spend on medical care among its residents through the PPO. The PPO can offer deductibles, pay for care, and negotiate health care costs among others. This situation will ensure minimization of expenses (Hartman et al., 2010). Figure 1: A graph showing how various strategies have been implemented in Chicago City to increase accessibility to healthcare. (Hartman et al., 2010). Funding and Economic Indicators of the Chicago City An economic indicator provides information on the economic performance of a given entity. It determines the future economic situation of a country or town. Various indicators in the economy include indices, salary and wages reports, consumer pricing indices, leveraging ratios, bankruptcy, gross domestic product, and stock markets among others (Hartman et al., 2010). Various governmental agencies that seek healthcare funds include the Medicaid and CHIP. The tw
Background The case study looks at the history and nature of call centers in the Australia republic. The author states that there has been a departure from the traditional way of doing things and that the trend setters have been overridden by the new and highly active call centers set up today. The industry has been dubbed as the one that is growing at the highest rate in Australia. This has been occasioned by many problems in the capital. The main and major problem is the payment associated with workers. The workers are paid too little and the salaries are kept before being paid. The other very big problem is the bad image that has been associated with call centers. This has made the call centers to have very negative and highly precarious and unwarranted publicity. Although in essence this is not the case in all call centers in Australia the problem has bedeviled many a company that it has become too wide spread. This calls for government intervention. Much need to be done to salvage the growing industry in Australia. The public has also been complaining as the archaic way of doing things at call centers has not been shed off by the companies offering these services making it to hard to have any direct and fruitful connection with the public when it comes to matters important in the companies and industries. The manner of building structures is always a problem and much needs to be done to salvage public negative view of the call centers as this will make them acceptable to the people all over Australia. The case study further tries to come to terms wit
Introduction Optimism can shape who we are. It affects our attitudes, feelings, and thoughts. To succeed in life, it’s good to incorporate optimism in our daily thinking and activities since it’s good. It can change your life from bad to good. Optimistic thinking refers to turning negative thoughts into positive thoughts, and healthy aspects of living. You find that the life we are living today is full of so many hurdles and we need to make certain decisions that are supposed to be positive to succeed in life. Disappointments can be seen as a bump in the road, new challenges, or catastrophes and hence as a result we need to think positively to overcome these challenges. You need to choose not to let it eat at your soul. You find that when these great hurdles come our way, it is with the help of an optimistic view which will help us sit down and put our feelings into writing. Certain steps can help us think optimistically. (Bandura, 1986). Some steps to thinking optimistically We should stop seeing things as dead ends. We should be in a position to overcome these burdens with the best opportunities which are available. We should always think in a way of we can do it no matter the challenges. We should also be in a position to release our emotional trauma at the correct time and stop bottling feelings since this can lead to stress. As a result, one needs to be in a position to attempt those hurdles. Should also quit from been an emotional spectator by flexing and expressing our emotional feelings. We should
Studies show that stock markets are growing at an alarming rate (Newkirk and Robertson, 1998). For instance, in the US, the stock markets hold twice the amount of money invested in commercial banks (Newkirk and Robertson, 1998). Growth in the stock market is related to the trust and confidence bestowed on it by the people. In addition, investors believe that financial regulators have a duty to promote and maintain integrity and fairness in the stock market. According to Newkirk and Robertson (1998), successful markets enjoy utmost confidence. However, threats to financial systems such as illegal insider trading might derail further growth in the stock markets. The debate around insider trading is based on four ethical arguments (O’Hara, 2001).These arguments include asymmetrical information, inequality in accessing information, contravention of property rights and fiduciary duty (O’Hara, 2001). Clark (n.d.) adds that illegal insider trading reduces a trader’s faith in the integrity and fairness of the stock market. In addition, insider trading lowers the efficiency of stock markets and prevents companies from accumulating additional capital. This paper gives an in-depth analysis of insider trading. Insider trading refers to “transactions in a company’s securities, such as stocks or options, by corporate insiders or their associates based on information originating within the firm that would, once publicly disclosed, affect the prices of such securities” (Dolgopolov, n.d., para. 1). Individuals who are able to access valuable information from such firms are called corporate insiders (Dolgopolov, n.d.). Examples of corporate insiders include employees, managers and directors of a company. According to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (n.d.), insider trading can be legal or illegal. An illegal insider trading takes place when a stock trader possesses knowledge that can positively or negative affect a company’s stock. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (n.d.) also reiterates that a person who receives secondary information from a corporate insider is also guilty of illegal
Introduction Many scholars have defined organizational learning while considering key areas such as knowledge creation, transfer and behavioral change or adjustment. A widely accepted definition is that organizational learning is an incessant process of knowledge creation and acquisition as well as transferring the same knowledge with an effect of causing behavioral modification. The end result is that there shall be a display of a different knowledge as well as possibility of resulting to a product which is highly valued (Nielson, 1997, p. 2). Focus has for a long time been given to the knowledge transfer flow from the highly developed and industrial western world. To the contrary, the Asian part of the world, which is a catch up region in technology and economical progress, has shown great progress drawing attention from other parts of the world. It has been observed that these regions Especially, China has shown great economic progress not necessarily by adopting the learning experience of the western parts of the World but by employing and following other means. As a result there has been a new focus on the learning and management systems that are used in this part of the world. Objectives The objectives of the project is examine critically the analyze any differences between the learning process of the western world that has traditionally been used and other knowledge transfer from other parts of the non-western world, with China and its Chinese-firms both in China as a republic and its investments in other neighboring nations such as Taiwan, Singapore and Hong Kong. The main purpose of the project is to clearly provide information that will help investors with an intention of establishing and running successful business operations in that region. The managers are supposed to use this information to come up with organizational learning strategies that will focus on incorporating the local staff, thus creating feasibility in their business operations in this region. Literature Review Because of the success in development in the Asian region, there has been a keen interest from investment non-western investors focusing the strategies used by china in its operations. The observation has shown that these nations have progressed successfully economically for the last thirty years, despite the fact that an economic downturn hit the region. The progress did not come with simplicity of a natural happening, but as a response from policy makers in the region to consider a re-assessment of developmental strategies for the region while borrowing so much to the organizational learning and systems of learning employed in china and its firms in Taiwan, Singapore and Hong Kong. Dierkes et al, (2003. P. 716) asserted that these firms have got a high level of resilience as opposed to their main export competitors like Japan. Due to resilience, the Chinese firms have shown an admirable level/degree of corporate flexibility and adoptability cushioning them against market fluctuations (Wolf, 2000, P. 8) Schol