ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
To begin with lesson pacing can be described as a given rate or speed at which a teacher tends to present a task to pupils in a class. Normally this is done through a given curriculum (Alan & Margaret, 1989). First and foremost the most important aspect of lesson pacing is to improve student attention which has the main aim of improving students’ response to opportunities they are exposed to. In addition it has the main aim of decreasing any disruptive behavior which some students may have especially when a teacher is tutoring .This may cause a lot of disturbance to other students causing them not to concentrate during those particular lessons. When lesson pacing is done students’ get time to refresh their minds a situation which increases their concentration since lesson pacing tend to give them time to relax. (Alan & Margaret, 1989). Lesson pacing therefore helps student’s to manage their emotions effectively. This has the aim of improving student’s attitude and behavior especially when it comes to controlling exam pressure which in normal circumstances stresses students. When lesson pacing is done students’ are capable of developing test taking skills which actually in the end helps them to overcome anxiety and discouragements. These test taking skills developed during lesson pacing helps to improve students’ listening capacity. Another important aspect of lesson pacing is to reduce the level of student anxiety which can lead to mental problems in the brain that can greatly impair student ability to perform as well as comprehend the lessons taught in class (Alan & Margaret, 1989). Lesson pacing therefore ensures that the required content that a teacher teaches in class is covered at the required pace according to students’ ability to capture and grasp the material or information taught. Lastly lesson pacing helps students’ to maximize time effectively which helps them to fully concentrate on their studies hence avoiding circumstances that can cause time tyranny. Lesson pacing therefore can lead to development of more strong and effective communication skills which can be used to improve strong comprehensive memory which actually helps students’ to reduce feelings of frustration that may have an effect of disrupting students’ ability to learn and concentrate well (Hickman, 2005). From time immemorial, English as a language has been a major subject of concern in the current academic knowledge. A class which has got English language learners implies that its lesson pacing tends to be different from a class which has no such students. Since classes with English language learners will require use of extra curriculum and detailed instructions which needs self effiency, esteem and reliance. Such situations tend to make such a class more hard for some teachers to handle hence it requires that lesson pacing should be done at a slower rate compared to that without English language learners. In addition a class whic
Introduction Published in 1978, Edward Said’s Orientalism symbolizes the beginning of the study of literature, history, and arts. It incorporates anthropology that characterizes the post-colonial era. Said’s work presents the relationship that exists between the Orients and Accidents. In the context of his work, the term ‘Orient’ refers to the widely misinterpreted, yet romantic the Middle East and the Far East lands. He, on the other hand, utilizes the term ‘Occident’ to refer to the United States, French and English nations. By looking at Orientalism from the most general dimension, as the study of people’s culture with respect to some other significant culture, the essay presents the ways in which the representation of Asia in the Australian cultural practices reflect a style of thought that Edward Said termed as “Orientalism”. The essay goes further to suggest how such practices help people to understand the Australian-Asian history. Defining Orientalism The countless Occident’s beliefs on Orients present a fake illustration of the true cultural forms of the Orients. According to Fleming (2000) “Orientalism is a manner of regularized or Orientalized writing, vision, and study, dominated by imperatives, perspectives, and ideological biases ostensibly suited to the Orient entailing the image of the ‘Orient’ expressed as an entire system of thought and scholarship” (p.1220). In this context, Orientalism represents a set of fragmented beliefs that Said analyzes in-depth. Orientalism manifests itself in two ways: the dormant and the manifest orientalism. The former covers the invulnerable yet unmanageable perceptions about the real character of the orient. According to Sered, “The orient is a separate, eccentric, backward, silently different, sensual and passive” (1996, Para.2). The orient’s values rely on western cultural ties. In most of the situations, the orient appears inferior and hence conquerable. Secondly, manifest orientalism comprises all the activities that happen after a previous mentioning of the same by people. According to Macfie (2002), manifest orientalism contains the “information and changes in knowledge about the Orient, as well as policy decisions, founded in an Orientalist thinking” (p.10). Consequently, based on people’s arguments, manifest orientalism is a mere expression of the latent Orientalism in words. Representation of Asia in Australian cultural practices Said points out how orientalism is evident in the manner in which the west portrays the Arabic cultures. Arabs are “…irrational, menacing, untrustworthy, anti-Western, dishonest, and–perhaps most importantly—prototypical” (Sered 1996, Para.6). Such depictions from subtle grounds in which orientalism reigns. According to Said, the West, of which Australia is part, estab
Introduction A decade ago, two women came up with an environmentally friendly idea to deliver rental cars within the neighborhood at affordable costs. Years later and still run by the founders, the ZipCar realized it needed a new face to salvage it to profits. This paper is on how that new face transformed a company that was coping with the economy, to one that the economy coped with. The Overhaul Process Scott Griffith first took time to analyze demographic data on the industry. He believed in numbers, ratios and performance metrics. ZipCar had them. He detailed problems facing the company, halting all scheduled expansion plans. Available resources were directed to zones created within the cities. Using financial models he’d drawn up, ‘Pods’ of Zipcars were availed to the required number. An upgrade of ZipCar’s system was also prompted to catch up with the new development. The target group was then expanded to include high end members with the addition of BMWs and four-wheel-drives. “The big breakthrough came when he put city managers in charge of their own profit and loss, and encouraged them to approach their cities as they saw fit” (Clifford, 2008). Managers now competed to prove who was best among them. It worked in favor of the company. While the managers locked horns, Griffith targeted the risky under 21 group by striking deals with schools. He struck gold. During this success period, Benchmark Capital offered $10 million in venture capital, which Griffith used to expand to Toronto. Scale being good for business, ZipCar acquired rival Flexcar. Now valued at $100 million, from a meager $2 million back in 2003, with a new target of $1 billion, ZipCar puts Griffith in shoes akin to those he started with, a fact he acknowledges and strives to achieve. The managers’ Objectives Now under new management, ZipCar managers expected a new form of administration in the company, though they were unsure what shape it would take. They first had to take on their managerial roles and avoid involving in responsibilities delegated to low end employees i.e. taking of customer-service calls by the Vice President of marketing. They were then mandated the task of managing their own Profit and Loss accounts in accordance to their zones’ status as long as it brought returns at the end of
Are Interrogations a Necessary Evil? Interrogations are supposed to enable detectives to establish the truth of events. It is impossible to conduct investigations and establish the truth without interrogating suspects if the interrogators were not at the scene of a crime or event. It is necessary to explain that most people expect investigators from miles away to unravel the mysteries behind criminal activities (Lassiter 2010). However, they forget that they are the best people to help investigators to get to the bottom of various issues and build strong cases that will prove whether suspects are innocent or guilty. Therefore, interrogations are not necessary evils. In addition, some events are usually complicated and there is the need to understand the cultural issues of a community before establishing the truth or paths to be followed to identify the causes of suspects of criminal activities (The Central Intelligence Agency 2012). It is necessary to explain that for a person to understand the importance of interrogation, he must know what it involves. This will enable him to make proper judgment and understand the need to cooperate with investigators in examining the cause of different situations (Lassiter 2010). On the other hand, some interrogators use force and other manipulative approaches to get information from people; therefore, they compromise the credibility of the evidence and the cooperation of the victim. In addition, some people are experts in lying for fame, money, or to settle their political or economic differences; therefore, they provide false information that complicates the path to justice. Joseph Margulies Perception Regarding Torture He believed that the most important aspect of a criminal’s life is not the luxuries he is given when serving a sentence, but the hope of going back to his people. This means that prisoners have the right to be tried in courts that do not violate their fundamental rights (Lassiter 2010). The case against the United States filed by suspects held in Guantanamo Bay revealed the injustice that prisoners experienced. He claims that there is no need for prisoners from other countries to be tried in American courts yet it (America) does not allow its citizens to be subjected to similar treatment. It is necessary to explain that most of Margulies arguments revolve around the issues of justice for prisoners. Therefore, he criticized the use of force by American interrogators in extracting information from suspects (The Central Intelligence Agency 2012). The Guantanamo Bay prison was established to ensure suspects are separated from their families and exposed to harsh conditions that will force them to say what interrogators what to hear and not necessarily what they know about issues of terrorism and human rights abuse. Does the End of Interro
Introduction About the Writer Ivo Andric is a renowned writer with a sense of patriotism explaining the difference between the general bond and interest in individuals. The author’s reputation hangs on the fact that he seems to maintain a balance between the cruelty of some public figures and the commoners (Healy 34). In this regard, the commander in question displays as an autonomous player in the constitutionalism of any establishment. It is with profound easiness that the distinctive characteristics emerge, with the main objective of a central system of assessment for any actions taken by superiors over the subjects Brief Overview of the Story The story focuses on a powerful outlaw leadeer who is caught by a commander. He has a serious infection and, therefore, he endures sufferings. The commander is presented a dynamic character who is torne apart because he should place a loving husband willing to return to his wife and a strict leaders should should destroy enemies. The commander’s wife contronts a real challenge as she sees’ her husband’s cruel attitude towards the prisoner (Andric 110). Main Body Criticism of the Story The writer seems to center too much attention on the commander such that, no much attention describes the captive held. Therefore, critics are often against the idea that the whole story rotates around the commander. The woman’s role is not extensively defined as she is only entitled to views and opinions (Bozovic 29). She might be empathetic of the captured outlaw but is of no much help since she is afraid of the husband. Hence, opponents are of the view that the happenings should not be tailored towards similar location. It is beyond a reasonable doubt that since, the captive is a substantial head in his group that his villagers and troops must be on the look for him. It is not quite striking as to why the writer should only concentrate on the commander while it is clear that the fundamental principle is conflict. For any officer, who feels betrayed by the guards corrective action is taken promptly (Bozovic 29). Once the leader is aware of Zhivan’s relationship with the captive, logic has it that he should be at least punished if not fired. Revelations Related to the Story Bearing in mind the critics opinions, some features clearly highlight the leadership endured in some communities. It is evident that Lazar was a substantial leader and a threat to the commander, which explains why he kept him in a secluded place to ensure he does not disappear. They seem to have been enemies for quite a while, and whenever an opportunity pops up, revenge would be inevitable. She is eager to follow up on the happenin
The main goal of this health promotion project is to identify the problems that may bother people nowadays and to clarify the ways of how medical workers and nurses can participate in the solution of the offered problems offering successful and working interventions. Today, people face a number of mental and emotional challenges that deprive them of a chance to live a normal life. Some people do not know whom to address to ask for help and not to be disturbed from their routine activities such as family relations, jobs, entertainment, etc. Sleep plays a very important role in good health; therefore, sleep health should provide an effective frame of reference for sleep to different groups of people such as patients, providers, and health care workers (Buysse, 2014). Interventions that can help to improve sleep will be developed in this project. Intervention to Address a Goal It is suggested to focus on a project that can help young adults (people aged 20-40) reboot their sleeping habits and understand the worth of good sleep. Not much attention is paid to such nursing intervention as sleep hygiene that aims at minimizing the factors that may disturb sleep on the environmental and personal levels (Hellström & Willman, 2011). This project should help to understand how people can maintain a regular wake and improve their daily life considerably. There are many studies that investigate the connection between the quality of sleep and the presence of electronic media in a human life (Owens et al., 2014). People cannot understand that the presence of one of such devices as televisions, music players, video games consoles, and phones influences the quality of their sleep a lot. Besides, many people continue using such stimulants as caffeine, nicotine, and alcohol just several hours before going to bed. Such solutions and inabilities to keep the basics of sleep hygiene should be discussed and identified as the main sources of human emotional instability, changes in mood, and worsened working indicators. Sleep hygiene should be offered as a crucial intervention for people to make their lives happier and healthier. Importance of the Project to a Future Advanced Practice Role Medical workers, nurse practitioners, and the students, who want to devote their lives to the world of health care and medicine, have to understand the worth of sleep and learn how to promote interventions in the lives of ordinary people. In this project, it is necessary to prove why people aged 20-40 are under a threat of having serious health problems because of poor sleep, sleep deprivation, and insomnia. All these problems occur because of the inability to understand the worth of sleep hygiene, and the task of nurses is to explain how and why sleep hygiene should be introduced. Sleep health education becomes a very popular field because more people report about their inabilities to have enough sleep because of the necessity to solve their family and working problems, earn
The significance of a positive Babinski finding in an adult trauma patient is that indicates a dysfunction within the central nervous system (CNS) of the patient. Specifically, the finding indicates that the problem within the CNS is at the pyramidal track. Thus, the medical personnel will have an overview of the problem area within the CNS without having to perform other tests especially when the medical practitioner is very sure of the finding. Besides, the medical personnel will be in a position to offer advice to the patient on the best strategies of copying up with this ailment (Singerman and Lee 2008). Positive Babinski in adults and older children is abnormal. Specifically, when the test indicate asymmetry finding, that is, when the Babinski symptom is detected on only one side of the patient, it is a clear indication of trouble which can focused to the side of the Central Nervous System involved. Reflectively, positive Babinski may only be normal in small children since their CNS is not fully developed. Patient education The Babinski condition is characterized by weakness of the muscles, challenges in coordination and control of the muscles and irresponsiveness or abnormal responsiveness to touch. However, it has not been possible to put a figure on the number of human beings suffering from this condition. It has been shown that lack of pre-exposure to the condition could lead to extreme behavior habits and response to stimuli. This condition is not very frequent but may be causes by secondary disorders that occur in the brain or the nervous system. There is no single cause of this condition though it may be common among the children of less than one year old since their nervous system is not fully developed (Miller and Johnston 2005). In the normal occurrence, the Babinski condition will disappear among the minors after the age of one to two years. Causes of Babinski There is no specific cause of this condition. However, it is often occurs a result f disorders in the nervous system. These are some of the disorders which may lead to occurrence of the Babinski condition in adults;   * Brain injury or brain tumor   * Injury in the spinal cord   * The Lou Gehrig disease   * Multiple sclerosis   * Occurrence of meningitis   * Stroke Signs of the Babinski condition   * Loss of sensors in the affected foot or arm   * General weakness within the plantar flexion part   * Absence of the reflex in the ankle jerk Treatment of the Babinski condition The behavioral risk factors in relation to Babinski should be identified to combat the condition. The success of this intervention will require the involvement of experts, mainly social anthropologists, and social
Outline The federal budget deficit is on the highest mark ever. This calls for tough choices that will involve cutting down the budget expenditures as well as the adoption of tough austere measures to curb the wastage. The recommended work efforts of the Congressional Budget Office (CBO)on a budget regarding the process of budget making are listed below. The CBO gives advice on array of the policy options in the annual budget is to provide solutions on how to save through thrift use of resources. It is said that most of the time, the recommendations they give are ignored. A number of organizations have come up in a bid to put pressure on the government to adopt austere measures in order to check the budget gap before it gets out of control. Indeed it is the responsibility of every citizen to check on how the Federal government spends their hard-earned taxes. Based on the aforementioned, it is clear that some items should be cut from the federal government Budget. The options will cover single items picked from four broad areas in the federal budget, where there is evidence of waste. Options  1. The federal government spent over $3 billion to re-sand the beaches. The project dubbed “re-nourishment” is meant to replenish the beach with sand in order to attract more tourists.     However, according to the experts from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the exercise is futile because the seawater will wash it back to the sea as easily as the original beach sands (Gray 2012, p 271).  2. Systematic plundering of over $20.8 billion in Iraq aid. (Reidl 2009)     After the invasion, the government embarked on massive projects to rebuild the infrastructure of Iraqi, But it’s now being revealed that billions of dollars earmarked for reconstruction projects in Iraq were either wasted or stolen through well-devised fraud schemes.  3. More than 50,000O federal homes are vacant. (Reidl 2009)     Due to the economic slowdown that has led to the slump in the housing market, which in turn led to 50,000 houses being unoccupied. This has lead to loss of billions of tax payer’s money.  4. Over $146 million is spent annually in-flight upgrades because federal government employees choose to exploit weaknesses in the control system to avoid flying in coach. If the officials fly not the first class but more scrutinized business class, it will result in five times less (Reidl 2009) Reference List Reidl, Brian. The Heritage Foundation . 2009. Web. Gray, Jim. Focus: Arrogance and Greed America’s Cancer. New York: AuthorHouse, 2012.