ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
When exposed to natural disasters and cataclysms, a person may find him/herself in the situation when his/her essential psychological and physical needs cannot be met adequately. Thus, the major objective of every disaster response organization is to mitigate all possible adverse disaster outcomes and help victims and survivals to come back to normal life. However, sometimes crisis intervention strategies may fail to do so due to multiple factors and reasons, including the lack of competent personnel, the inefficiency of decisions made, etc. For this reason, the evaluation of the quality of disaster/crisis response methods is of great significance. The analysis of the series of Haitian disasters demonstrates that rescue and crisis management efforts may be undermined because of such reasons as under-funding and collapsed infrastructure that substantially interfered with the fulfillment of the basic humanitarian needs of the population in the country (United Nations, 2008). In this way, the slow reaction of the local government, as well as the international authorities, prevented specialists from providing timely and effective care to those in need. The example of floods in Haiti shows that crisis intervention is not based merely on the quality of interaction between a counselor and victims but, as James and Gilliland (2012) claim, consists of multiple environmental systems, “ranging from the fine-grained inputs of direct communications…to the broad-based inputs of local community agencies” (pp. 655-656). It means that for better outcomes, the evaluation of barriers to effective care should be performed at every level of the disaster response system. According to the Quality Chasm framework, the major criteria for the evaluation of care efficacy and effectiveness include adequate coordination of crisis response activities; availability of all necessary resources (including funds, technology, and skilled personnel); existence and implementation of functional policies and standards aimed to facilitate disaster/crisis response, etc. (Institute of Medicine of the National Academies [IMNA], 2006). It is observed that the evaluation of strategies’ quality is often carried out through the assessment of organizational compliance with particular relevant standards of performance, as well as the overall patient outcomes combined with supporting administrative information and records serving as evidence to substantiate those results (IMNA, 2006). The overall procedural and performance quality is usually evaluated by accrediting bodies or professionals specialized in program evaluation. Nevertheless, even a regular health care practitioner or a counselor can largely contribute to quality improvement endeavors by conducting “micro-evaluations of local services” (Astramovich & Coker, 2007, p. 162). Counseling program evaluations “have inherent value in helping practitioners plan, implement, and refine counseling practice” (Astramovich & Coker, 2007, p. 163). Mo
Introduction Organizations go through changes all the time. Whether it is managerial, structural, or strategical, employees are often expected to adapt to the differences as fast as they can. Due to a lack of proper change management, some employees often disapprove of any type of switch. Resistance to advancement is one of the most common problems in companies today. It can be attributed to various things but most importantly is the employees’ involvement. On the same note, the resistance can also lead to a stressful environment. One can argue that the improvement of the process can be problematic and cause tension or stress for the staff. This is especially so if they do not understand the different processes that are changing. Thus, when dealing with modifications, one also should deal with stress management. The essay focuses on the management of resistance to change and how potential sources of stress can be used to mitigate the resistance. The arguments proposed are based on the recognition-primed decision model. The essay will use secondary academic sources to support the premises proposed. A brief overview of the history of the problem reveals that many organizations struggle to implement advancement even when the employees understand the importance of the same. There have been arguments that this happens when the employees are involved late in the process. Currently, more companies are considering the way of making employees initiate the change themselves to fully own the process. The chosen problem is relevant in the nursing field because health facilities are now encouraging nurses to take up managerial roles. It is prudent to point out that initially, nurses were not given any managerial roles. In the last couple of years, nurses have taken a keen interest in management and have engaged with their facilities to get such roles. However, a key challenge to the process is the mindset of the nurses themselves who believe their jobs cannot be intertwined with managerial roles. The selected decision model is deemed suitable for the discussion due to two main things. The first is the fact that it is also applicable to stress management. The second reason the model was chosen is its applicability to the nursing profession as well. Sadler-Smith and Hodgkinson (2017) explain that the recognition-primed decision model has three main components that address organizational change and stress management. The first is experiencing the situation (Sadler-Smith & Hodgkinson, 2017). This first component encourages the creation of a simulation that mimics the proposed improvements. For example, a facility can promote some nurses in managerial roles for a short period. These nurses will not only learn how to be managers but will also prove to the rest that they should be part of the decision-making processes in the facility by participating in managerial roles. A facility can also choose to make all its nurses’ managers through a virtual app
Starting a new business is always a challenge. It is exceptionally true when the competitors in the sphere of action are huge companies with billions of assets. Nevertheless, if one has a strategy and personal secrets of a successful business, it is sure to bring both profit and pleasure. A bright example of a self-made businessman is Richard Branson, a British citizen with businesses in the biggest world countries. Number 286 on Billionaires Forbes List (2016) and number 8 in the UK, he eagerly shares his lessons of an efficient business when it comes to serving people. The concepts he presents seem to be simple, but they proved to be effective on the example of his Virgin Airlines. Their Customer Service is an excellent model of a proper approach to dealing with people. Being visible is the first thing that matters. The majority of big businesses’ owners are usually isolated from the employees and the customers in their luxurious offices. Junior staff often has no idea of what big boss is like. In this case, the boss himself does not usually care about the workers and clients, and they can feel it. The idea of a passionate and dedicated owner appeals to me more. Sir Branson admits that customer service starts on the top, and it is impossible to argue with this statement. The employees, realizing that the boss is not indifferent, are likely to do their best. The customers, in their turn, like attention and care. The company’s assets are, as a rule, measured in billions of dollars. Sir Branson believes that the people who work for the company are the best asset. The firm may have the best-equipped airplanes or the lowest prices; these factors attract people to try the service once. Meanwhile, the experience proves that the customers usually come again to the company with excellent service. It is the way the staff communicates with clients that make them return. In fact, loyal and satisfied customers contribute to a company’s development and recognition on the market. One more idea that I find amazing is empowering the employees. Of course, every boss dreams of hiring perfect workers with years of experience and profound knowledge in the sphere. Although, it may be more rewarding if the company is ready to teach the new employees. They only need the eagerness to learn, and the employer is to provide them with the appropriate training in line with the company’s policy and traditions. Well-prepared staff might be a
The Internet Protocols are supposed to be the world’s most accepted open system protocol suite since they are used to communicate across through interconnected networks and are favorable for LAN and WAN communications. The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP) are very popular suites of communication protocols. They first came into existence in the mid of 1970 due to the interest of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in establishing a packet switched network. Cisco Systems (2003) reported that Standford University and Bolt, Beranek, and Newman (BBN) funded DARPA research program. Their main aim was to achieve the target of diverse activities in mind. Cisco Systems (2003) further mentioned that Berkeley Software distribution (BSD) UNIX included TCP/IP later and since then the Internet and World Wide Web (WWW) are based on this foundation (Cisco Systems, 2003, ch 35, p.569). Cisco Systems (2003) discovered that the policies and documentation of the Internet protocols are stated in technical reports. These reports are called as Request For Comments (RFCs). They were first published and after that they were reviewed by the Internet community. Protocol refinements are brought out by the new RFCs (Cisco Systems, 2003, ch 35, p.569). According to Cisco Systems (2003), the internet protocol is a network layer. It is made of addressing information and some control information. These information set the route of the packets. It is the primary layer protocol accepted in RFC 791. IP is the central pump of Internet protocols in conjunction with Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). It has two main responsibilities: best delivery of datagram through an internet work; and providing fragmentation of datagram to support data links with the help of different maximum transmission unit (MTU) sizes (Cisco Systems, ch.35, p.570, 2003). Ipv4 Internet Protocol version 4, which is Ipv4, is an arrangement of addresses that is used to spot devices on a network. This protocol was developed in 1981 in RFC791. It has been the most popular internet protocol layer that is used extensively. At present it is used by a large number of people to connect to the internet (Ipv6 Act Now, Para 1). Ipv4 addresses contain 32 –bit numbers. It means there are approximately 4 billion addresses. At the same time it also has become obvious that more addresses will be needed for the growth of internet.Ipv4 addresses are supposed
Illustratingtheir findings on the analytical conversational literature and their own collected data, Kitzinger and Frith (1999) assert that both men and women have a complicatedaptitude to suggest and to understanddenials, countingdenials which do not compriseof the expression ‘no’, and propose that malesassert not to encompass ‘understood’ denials, which obey the rulesof ethnically normative models. It can only be paid attention to as egocentricreasoning for coercive conduct.The women included in the focus group mentioned to them that asserting denial for sexual implications was a tough task and they “try to avoid ever having to do it” [p.296]. Kitzinger and Frith (1999) ask why they maintain this philosophy of denial and on the basis of cumulative commonanswers which are based on sexuality, but then end up concluding more radically saying that: that the intricacy of saying “no” is not a deviation. “No” is difficult to say, and it’s normally harder for females, but in the course of usual conversational model, is that “no” is anunfavorable retort, to utilize a scientificexpression from the field of English Language. Quotingprecedingliterary findings, theyobserve that “[a]cceptances generally involve (i) simple acceptance; and (ii) no delay” however “refusals very rarely involve ‘just saying no’” [p. 300]. This is not just accepting or refuting
Introduction As noted by Undheim (2009), dyslexia as a learning disability has affected many students in today’s education system especially in elementary levels and high schools. The American High Schools have not been exceptional in experiencing the problem of this learning disorder (Catone and Brady, 2005). Many researches have shown that there is no absolute cure for this disability but the educators have the mandate of making instructional adjustments to ensure that students suffering from Dyslexia excel in an academic environment (Aaron, Joshi, Regina & Kwesi, 2008). The manner in which the students with Dyslexia are taught to read and write should be the first adjustments instructors should adjust in their methodology. The teachers find a big problem in providing for the needs of all students in school to ensure that they do not lag behind in understanding. Dyslexia is one of the learning disorders that every instructor must be concerned about and address in the best way possible (Wadlington and Wadlington, 2005). According to Givens, et al. (2007), “the student who struggles with reading and spelling often puzzles teachers and parents” (p. 10). Diagnosis of Dyslexia becomes a problem when the students are suffering from other disorders that affect their leaning. According to Enns and Lafond (2007), learning to read and write for the students with ear problems is a big challenge not only to themselves but also to the teachers themselves. The problem becomes worse when the difficulty of dyslexia accompanies hearing problems. Enns and Lafond (2007) states that “although debate continues over the exact deﬁnition of dyslexia and the appropriate diagnostic criteria, it can be narrowly deﬁned as difﬁculty with word identiﬁcation, or an inability to read words correctly” (p. 2). However, for the sake of this research, the federal definition of dyslexia and other terms are adopted. Understanding Learning Disability: Federal Definitions The United Stated department of Education has for years struggled to design means of identifying specific learning disabilities in school (David, 2008). On December 3 rd 2004, the former US head of state George W. Bush assented to make Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) law. The Act has regulations that indicated how the students with specific learning disabilities should be identified. It stated that the stated will only adopt criteria for determining a student with disability based on 34 CFR 300.8(c) (10) definition of learning disability and must also allow other criteria based on Child’s response to scientific, research based intervention. The other alternative research based criteria may also be adopted in determining a specific learning disability of a child. The federal definition of learning disability, as stated by the US Department
Introduction The medical liability system in the US has been facing various challenges over the years. Medical errors are some of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the US, which underscores the importance of the medical liability system in the country. According to Nussbaum (2017), close to half a million people die every year from preventable causes due to medical errors, which requires a robust legal framework for addressing and responding to these incidents. The conventional tort system deals with such occurrences through medical malpractice claims, but this approach does not protect both the caregivers and patients as lawsuits are adversarial by nature. These problems necessitate the need for alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanisms to deliver corrective justice, which is a major shortcoming in the conventional tort system. This paper addresses the various legal, social, ethical, and biblical aspects of ADR that arise during dispute resolution to limit or eliminate litigation. Legal Aspects In ADR, the aim is to take a non-adversarial approach towards dispute resolution and it does not seek to prove negligence. As Nussbaum (2017) posits, “The purpose of this new law is to help patients learn about what went wrong, to enable providers to make improvements in healthcare delivery, and to allow the parties to discuss appropriate financial compensation without resorting to litigation and court” (p. 2
XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language) is a freely available computer language that facilitates the exchange of business information globally. Through XBRL, the business community can define or exchange their financial information thus improving the organization and sharing of necessary data. XBRL uses XML (eXtensible Markup Language) technologies in the development of its syntax. As XBRL expands, several opportunities would be created both in business and in information technology-based careers. In my accounting career, the implementation of XBRL and e-commerce will significantly reduce the time spent in data entry processes. In addition, It enhances the reliability of financial coverage and auditing in all sectors of the economy including the profit or non-profit making organizations and the private or public sectors. Thus, more time for the improvement and analysis of data is created, which eventually leads to value-added work. Furthermore, my role as an accountant will be transformed into directing the company’s operation and coming up with new business strategies. With this knowledge, I can guide managers on product improvement and profit maximization. Moreover, my skills will be helpful at various levels of the organization, enhancing efficient decision-making. Consequently, my Certified Public Accountant (CPA) skills will be significant in the market. Today’s assets, particularly stocks are faced with numerous web-related threats. This is evidenced by numerous money laundering cases reported worldwide despite the deployment of forensic accountants. As a result, many people will study to become Certified Public Accountants (CPAs). With time, the market would demand talented CPAs, so to keep up with the changing business trends and competition. Therefore, it will be vital to learn about XRLM and e-commerce. Consequently, our company would receive additional attention in the market because of using XBRL, attracting more investment capital. By distributing financial information on the web, the company benefits from reduced production and distribution costs, and automation of the process of generating financial statements, which facilitates financial analysis (Bergeron, 2003). I have several strengths concerning the XBRL situation. These include determination, responsibility, openness to new ideas, honesty, and the ability to work for long hours. These qualities have improved my career dramatically because they have given me a remarkable niche in the company in which I can help in the use of XBRL. To become successful in the future, I have to utilize my strengths and tackle my weaknesses. As a determined accountant, I will adopt and embrace the XBRL curriculum, which will eventually give me an advantage i
Idleness is a vice that normally does not raise eyebrows because it predominates in the lives of people and often goes unsuspected. The author in the article Idleness of November 18, 1758 talks about idleness and the reasons why it goes on undetected. He says it does not cause harm directly to the people such as fraud does or like pride which people notice because it dwells in demeaning others who are deemed inferior. On the contrary, idleness has a peaceful quality and it is silent. I think this is the reason why not many people talk about idleness because they do not even notice its existence especially with people who have plans just as Mr. Sober who is an idler. Idleness takes many forms, some people know they are idlers while others appear busy but in the real sense, they are also idlers. Mr. sober embodies idleness. Idleness is a power to reckon with because it ensnares people. Too much sleep is not good for anyone because it is a sign of laziness. He talks of people who do nothing apart from sleeping until they can sleep no more and wake up only to go back to sleep. These people would rather have twenty-four hour nights and will prolong the nights using double curtains to keep out the sun light beans, which interrupt their sleep. Lazy people become accustomed to idleness that it becomes difficult for them to do anything. Thomas says that some are even proud of being idlers and take pride in doing nothing. However, in idleness people waste their lives, which would have been used in doing meaningful things for themselves, their families and the society. In addition, Lumusa notes that apart from idling in form of sleeping some people make plans that they never get around to implementing. There is a popular saying that failing to plan is planning to fail. However, to the people who only concern themselves with making plans and not doing anything about them they are just as good as idlers. Planning or having plans does not necessarily mean that one is not idle. Planning is a good cover up for idleness because one appears as if they have made a schedule and thus have some things to do and so no one considers them idlers. These people are under the control of idleness and thus cannot bring themselves to abandon this vice and work like he rest of the people. Idleness can be a full time job. Thrasher observes that, some idlers have made idleness their main occupation. These kinds of people have many things going on but they master none. Mr. Sober is a good example of a person who does so many things to occupy himself and shut out the thought that he could be idle. For instance, Mr. Sober knows about so many jobs but he does not do even one of them perfectly. Instead, he occupies himself in gaining knowledge about the various jobs. He prefers talking just as many idlers do because talking is easy and not very tiring because one can talk without engaging one’s brain. Mr. Sober does everything yet ends up accomplishing nothing. These kinds of people though they appear occupied they are as guilty as the idlers because they do nothing meaningful. Idlers prefer to do useless things to meaning