ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Park Chung Hee, having resigned from the army, ran for office in the October presidential election and won. In the November National Assembly elections, candidates from Park’s Democratic Republican Party won an impressive victory, forming a stable majority force. 1 On December 17, 1963, Park was inaugurated as the president of the Republic of Korea. In his inauguration speech, he emphasized, “with the tremendous task of modernization before us, we stand to choose between quarrels, political fights and division, and sliding back, and amity, cooperation, unity and national common interest” 2 . The election in October 1963 converted Gen. Park’s military rule into a civilian one, although he carried only 45% of the electorate and a plurality of less than 200,000 votes. 3 This less than resounding start for his civilian rule was a thin basis for restructuring the government, and Park had to assume the unfamiliar role of a politician, rather than meeting the clearer requirements of a military commander. Park’s disdain for politicians and political dealings was well known, but he was able to make the transition to the political arena a relatively smooth one, without rancor and without losing his hardworking, capable, and, above all, completely loyal supporters. Unlike when he seized power in 1961, Park no longer had to rely on military members of the SCNR, as well as advisors outside the military, for advice and support. With the inauguration of his civilian administration in 1963, the bureaucracy was under the control of carefully selected cabinet officials who provided the independent expertise required to enable the government to function efficiently without challenge to the leadership at the top. The earlier relationship of the SCNR, the cabinet, and the KCIA was revised, and the three central power elements that emerged within the Korean government as the focal point for most policy and power decisions were the cabinet, Park’s advisors in the “Blue House,” and the KCIA. Although Park retained the power to make the crucial decisions that shaped the policy and direction of the Korean state, all three of these groups had a direct input in the formulation of policy and participated fully in translating policy decisions into political and governmental actions. The members of the cabinet had a good deal of decision-making power, and, as long as they remained loyal to Park and devoted to their assignments, they were consistently backed. 4 This practice of political patronage resulted in a stable cabinet that raised few problems in Park’s inner circle of close associates and advisors. Dissention, while tolerated in limited amounts, was closely controlled, and all those within the government bureaucracy were expected to keep in step and march steadily toward the president’s goals for the nation. To the West, the appearance of total governme
Introduction There’s need for strategic planning in the development and progress of such business entity as 24-hour garage. General planning incorporates significant roles in the management and execution of duties which would enable the garage to achieve the set objectives. The 24-hour garage would indulge in activities which will help in attaining stable financial base supported by a very strong policies and principles. The main purpose besides offering help to the community is to be leading organization in-terms of governance and management of resources. There is need for clear vision and mission statement which needs to be developed for the purposes of clear guidance towards achievement within a particular period of time (Adair and Bruce; Davis). The long-term and short- term objectives would be articulated with the several segments of the community in mind. Such program would be developed and arranged within the organization’s key performance areas, which are the general areas of operation. The key performance areas would incorporate; administration, Marketing and Finance as well as the key primary focus areas (Ward). The Project Description The garage would be designed to lead in service and accident repairs and expected to have employees with wealth of experience in motor repairs. For the purposes of catering for every class within the society the garage will deal with complete motoring package which includes everything from roadside accident or recovery, to service, mechanical repairs and tires (Fishman). Most people with disabilities and those who are sick normally prefer to remain independent within their various communities for fairly long time. Therefore the plan of the garage would provide space for the creation of personal care team providing mobile services enabling the provision of direct funding to seniors as well as the disabled arranging their own care (Garmus and David). The challenge for the design is in keeping harmony amongst the skilled and unskilled personnel. However the plan recognizes importance of respectful workplaces offering safe environment where individuals can fully exercise their skills and training. The human resource strategy would provide expansive $ 3 million in a bid to freshly fund the training of more specialists as well as offer return service bursaries for the underprivileged students desiring to work within the garage industry sector. The garage would have quality cou
Background Large-scale, standardized tests compare students within a given school, schools in a district and so on. Increasingly, the tests are used for student and learning environment decisions that reflect the individual student and society at large. To a greater extent, they shape curriculum and instruction insofar as the tests have warped classrooms into test-taking workshops. Proponents of these actions have argued that the large-scale assessment tests utilize the full purpose of measurement and hold the educators accountable for student performance. Thus, the large-scale, standardized assessments are claimed to be superior to past exams. There are real-world limits to what these sorts of tests can do. Even more important, though, is the new reform which is being predicated on assessments. Furthermore, under a new federal law, states are required to assess the reading and math skills for accountability, annually, in grades 3-8. The assessments will also occur at least once during a student’s secondary career. Fleischer, Ketter, and Yagelski (2005) explain that the assessments must be based on content and performance standards that the state develops. Also, the assessments should measure critical thinking, provide other diagnostic material, as well as be legitimate and consistent. These schools have been influenced by the federal government that standardized testing is the best way to meet their goals and most importantly, the federal government’s funding. Thorough exams of requirements, however, reveal many limitations of these tests. Assessment Moreover, the standards are often verbose and try making more of what should be a concise project. Most are so vague that the standards fail to impart what is important to teach from common perceptions of what should be taught to students under any number of given circumstances. (Olsen, 2002). Due to this ambiguity, the large-scale assessments, especially at the state and federal government level, do not even assess the standards they are designed to. Moreover, much of value in state standards is lost due to a test designed to be taken in the manner of a large-scale assessment. Students should still perform science experiments, write research papers, read novels and analyze them, give presentations, evaluate and synthesize information a mixture of data, and apply this learning to real life situations. (Chudowsky & Pellegrino, 2003). Large-scale assessments are poor evaluators
Introduction One of the issues that trigger a contention in the contemporary world is the account of the days of creation. Christians and pagans deride the concept of “God creating the world in six 24-hour days” (Harrison, 2002, p. 14). For years, Christian intellectuals have tried coming up with a connection between the evolution theory and the biblical creation theory, found in the book of Genesis. Presently, many evangelical commentators on the book of Genesis try to align their interpretations with the concept of evolution. This paper seeks to analyze the commentary by Victor Hamilton. It will evaluate the reasons why Hamilton does not take the days of creation plainly. Review of Hamilton’s commentary Victor Hamilton is one of the commentators that have come up with commentaries regarding the biblical creation story. With respect to the first chapters of Genesis, Hamilton posits, “… the battle lines are drawn between the interpretation of the creation story and scientific knowledge about the origin of the earth and mankind” (1990, p. 53). Sorry to say, like Wenham, Hamilton introduces a phony impasse between the bible and science. Wenham posits, “Historical and scientific questions were probably not in the author’s mind, but were problems for the modern reader, therefore, the text should be read on its own terms and not ours” (1987, p. 53). The creation story found in Genesis 1, and the scientific evolution theory have nothing in common, neither is there a conflict between the two (Wenham, 1987). The existing clash between the two accounts of creation emerges from the people’s anti-biblical suppositions used to account for modern scientific phenomena. According to Hamilton (1990), the term “day”, used in the Hebrew Bible, refers to the normal day of a single week. Hamilton posits that the role of confirming that the modern days are not similar to the days referred in the creation story lies on those individuals that are against yom ; the term used to refer to days in Hebrew Bible. He argues that the Hebrew depict yom as comprising of the evening and morning, just like the modern day (Hamilton, 1990). By this argument, Hamilton presents two conditions that oppose a modest indulgent of yom . He has the fervor that, this elucidation is neither biblical nor religious and, hence, it is not essentially preferable. Nonetheless, the dilemma does not arise because the understanding is not religious but because it is not biblical, and it does not echo sound elucidation. On the other hand, Hamilton contends, “Conservative reading of Genesis 1 does not always produce a conservative conclusion” (1990, p. 53). Hamilton contradicts James Barr’s supposition that the writer of Genesis referred to the basic days. He terms the effort by scientists to demonstrate that it is hard to create the world in one week as baseless and unfounded. Hamilton argues that, to understand the story of creation; on
Introduction Kern County Network for Children is a nonprofit organization in the county of Kern. The organization specializes in children protection from abuses, promotion of stability and safety programs for families, and provision of community youth services in generally. The Kern Youth Service Board consists of 22 members who are predominantly from the same region and same line of specialization. The organization could perform much better if there was diversity in the service board. Thus, this reflective treatise attempts to explain the need for more board diversity in the organization and its potential in improving the link between its mission and business. Lack of diversity in the board By definition, diversity climate in an organization comprises of the perception and attitudes exhibited by members of the organization culture directed to persons of diverse background in terms of race, tribe, culture, and views that might be different from their own. As a matter of fact, these various attitudes and perceptions are not evident in the board’s structure as part of the interaction, accomplishing duties, and performing a technocratic role (Kinicki & Kreitner, 2009). Despite the large number in the board, there is little diversity in terms of gender representation, area of expertise, and region of origin. For instance, all the members are from local institutions and there are only six ladies. Therefore, there is need to create a diverse climate within the Kern Youth Service Board. Promoting more board diversity for quality service provision The Kern County Network organization has the mandate of promoting sustainable cultural diversity through a series of initiatives on inclusivity. Therefore, the organization should roll out a diversity training program with a systematic implementation module. During diversity training, these rules are clearly presented on a blue print to the organization community in order to appreciate diversity and uphold integrity in judgment. In the process, cases of prejudice are minimized as diversity will develop into a positive aspect of the organization. Periodically, the organization can restructure these goals in consistency with the changing work environment and requirement of its staff. Consequently, when people are absorbed and made to feel part of these goals, they would strive to give their best towards the organization and uphold the existing culture with minimal struggle (Kinicki & Kreitner, 2009). The Kern County Network organization can honor the traditions and cultures of so many varied groups without inadvertently disadvantaging anyone by appreciating and accommodating various attitudes, behavior, and perceptions of different races, groups, and traditions in board selection. This can be achieved through the aspect of learning the distinct individual perspectives, within subgroups, in the process of personal interaction with different cultures. Besides, the organization can direct, uninterrupted attention towards procedu
Introduction Researchers have realized that Carbon is the largest economic threat in the world. It has been the cause of increased global warming which has put life on the planet at risk of extinction. One of the greatest contributors to global warming is fossil fuels; measures are being put by the governments to make sure carbon footprints are reduced. a good example is the continued decrease in allowable emissions and increment of tax each year. (Alexandra, 2006) The possibility of reducing energy consumption and plant’s carbon footprints in the times when almost all electrical power is generated from gas, oil, and coal-based power plants. In the industries where vacuum material handling systems are used. The solution of using the latest vacuum technology for vacuum handling applications is the most advisable use. In the production of vacuum cleaners, we can not assume the production to have undergone market failure since we are talking about the change in the production system of the products made in the firm. the market force in this particular situation is serving the market but to put into consideration reduction in social cost, consideration of public health, and/or the impact of the emitted carbon to the environment the need for change in production come automatically. The management has put into consideration the externalities this may be because of measures taken by the government to restrict production of Eldis and Barrows that have high social cost forcing the respective manufacturers to restate their firms or the will by management to improve technologically to improve the future marketing of their product. Reducing firm’s carbon footprint The Financial times has on it that carbon markets create a muddle, living much space for manipulation. The impression that we should clear old forest into the quick-growing forest that will be able to clear carbon in the place is still in the minds of people. Reduction of pollution is the key statement in a restatement of the company compliance to the technology come later but a key issue under discussion in the report. Carbon credits are a key component of national and inter-nation Emissions Trading schemes. these carbon credits provide a way to reduce the greenhouse effect. (Alexandra, 2006) Details per product of carbon footprint The old the technology in use the more energy is in use. According to the research, the traditional vacuum source usually provides various points of use at different distances. On the contrary, a decentralized source locates vacuum pumps nearer to the point of use. By shifting from the former to the latter, energy consumption is significantly reduced. This comes with projections of costs of change and marketing of the new brand to the market. On the other hand, using low carbon emission gadgets which will use low electricity will make a poor quality machine which will not attract as many customers as the earlier. Reducing customers emissions for vacuum cleaners Customers cost regulations In many cases, people and organizations have bought credit worthless goods that do not yield any reductions in carbon emissions. Industrial companies profiting from gaining c
Introduction The 1990 Clean Air Act is a part of U.S. lawmaking linked to the decrease of pollution and air contamination. Although the 1990 Clean Air Act is a national law that covers the entire country, different states do much of the work to carry out the Act. The law distinguishes that states should guide in carrying out the Clean Air Act, as toxic waste control problems often require the special realization of local industries, topography, housing patterns, etc. (Munton, 1997) Implementation policy by the USA Under the Clean Air Act, Environment Protection Association sets restrictions on certain air contaminants, comprising setting limits on how much can be in the air wherever in the United States. The Clean Air Act also gives EPA the power to limit releases of air contaminants coming from sources like chemical factories, efficacies, and steel mills. Personal states or tribes may have tougher air pollution regulations, but they may not have weaker contamination limits than those set by Environment Protection Association. Thi
Introduction The Kentucky Fried Chicken Corporation (KFC), which was founded in 1952 in the US and now belongs to the Yum! Brands, Inc., is an international company that owns and franchises chicken restaurants and offers a variety of products like sandwiches, biscuits, sides, sauces, drinks, and others (Bloomberg, 2016). In 2013, about 60% of countries all over the world had KFC restaurants, and Yum! plans to proceed to expand (Wong, 2013, para 2). KFC has a number of competitors in the international arena (including McDonald’s), but its products are unique due to the emphasis on high-quality, “non-quick” (naturally growing) chicken and special recipes, which results in a competitive advantage (KFC, 2016c; Shuailing & Zhi, 2015). The quality of KFC’s (2016a, 2016b, 2016c) products and services is explicitly guaranteed by the publicly stated policies and assurances of the company. The present paper is devoted to the analysis of KFC quality management and control practices. It uses the company’s policies and specific examples of quality issues to attempt to define the key tools that KFC uses for its quality management practice development and suggests recommendations for their future improvement. Theoretical Framework It should be pointed out that there is no reference to a particular quality management tool in the KFC reports and policies, which could be explained by the large size of the company. It may be suggested that various units of the company are allowed certain freedom in defining their tools. However, in 1995, a study conducted by Apte and Reynolds (1995) revealed that the company chooses practices rather than models, tests them, and employs them to manage and control the quality of its service. It can be assumed that KFC’s quality management is primarily based on the best practices kind of improvement, which results in the discontinuous development of company-specific tools that are tailored to its needs. As will be shown below, the currently existing processes seem to support this idea. However, the present research also shows that the consideration of KFC practices from the point of view of Six Sigma DMAIC allows gaining insights into the logic of the existing practices and, possibly, opens the opportunity for a more continuous improvement processes. DMAIC is a part of the Six Sigma phenomenon, which involves Defining the area of interest (typically an issue), Measuring it, Analyzing it to determine the key cause, Improving it with the help of the information gained in the previous phase, and Controlling the process of improvement and the maintenance of results. The latter phase guarantees the continuity of development. DMAIC is a multifunctional method that can be employed for product development, process improvement, and problem-solving (De Mast & Lokkerbol, 2012). In this paper, it is suggested due to its applicability to the unique set of quality management practices of KFC. Methodology The methodology of this project is based on the analysis of KFC’s quality-related policies and reports, which are available on its websites, and literature review. The latter i
Introduction Resistance is likely to occur during the transitional phase when the group is in the process of creating stable relationships. For leaders, it is crucial to understand its purpose and learn how to address its outcomes effectively. This paper defines resistance and its reasons, as well as suggests possible techniques for managing individuals’ responses and behaviors. It concludes that although opposition may be challenging, it is also significant for development and positive change. Resistance, Its Reasons and Management Techniques Resistance can be expressed through a variety of definitions, as the concept does not have a single particular meaning. For example, this phenomenon may be understood as individuals’ behaviors or actions that are intended to cause disruption or challenges, as well as change existing relationships or situation. According to Hynes (2013), resistance has core elements that are acknowledged by all of the definitions of the concept. They include action and opposition, meaning that the phenomenon is associated with active verbal or physical behavior and hostility to someone or something. Responses that may be perceived as resistance in a group may include becoming defensive, silent or angry. Resistance may serve various purposes, especially during the transition phase of a group. As usually it occurs as a result of anxiety, the loss of control, and is linked to the perceptions of justice, its primary goal is to express the adverse feelings associated with high expectations