ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Throughout history, various tools and forms of communication have been developed in order to help people interact and understand each other more effectively. As such, such developments have played a pivotal role in determining how our societies react to different information. Various communication channels can be used to drive public opinion, relay current affairs and advance some social values. However, communication is at best a complex factor and there are some factors that should be considered when trying to convey a particular message. This paper shall set out to deconstruct and discuss a particular message in a bid to show how the sender perceives plagiarism. This shall be in an attempt to articulate that senders normally include various notions and sentiments into a message through the text, graphics and audio features incorporated into the message. To this end, factors such as tone, color, texture and pictorial presentation found within the selected presentation shall be discussed and their relevance towards making the message therein more understandable analyzed. Description of the presentation The power point presentation being analyzed aims at enlightening the reader on matters pertaining to plagiarism and the internet. The primary objective of this document is to highlight the dangers of plagiarism in an educational and professional setting. The creator has used relevant pictures, colors, formats and languages (English and Arabic) to convey the intended message. Each of these features play a pivotal role in advancing the message as shall be elaborated throughout this essay. Text analysis Texts used in any presentation often have a myriad of meanings apart from the obvious message a given document purports to sell. The font used, the casing (whether capital letters, small letters or a mixture of both), color and the language used greatly influences how a reader understands the message. In this case, I used a mixture of capital and small letters to input the text. Capital letters were used to create the titles of each slide, while small letters were used for the sub-texts. The reason behind this choice is because capital letters are used to reinforce the importance of the text. As such, the capitalized statements in my presentation catch the attention of the reader and are indicative of the gravity of the message being conveyed. On the same note, I have used some Arabic words that warn against plagiarism. Similarly, the use of these words aims at emphasizing that plagiarism is wrong no matter the tribal, cultural or religious affiliations. Similarly, a simple review of the words and images portrayed in the presentation enables the reader to understand suggestions made. In
Basic Overview The article under the analysis is called Sowing Blood with the Maize: Zapotec Effigy Vessels and Agricultural Ritual. The research seeks to define how the bloodletting rituals and the maize depicted on Zapotec urns are conceptually connected. Specifically, the author assumes that effigy vessels embody the concepts associated with maize and bloodletting rituals were connected through the concept of fertility. This ritual of self-sacrifice is represented as an agreement between a human and god to sustain growth of plants. It is also assumed that corncob is also symbolizes male fertility, a fundamental element of Zapotec ideology. Despite a great number of facts and artifacts presented in the studies, little evidence is found concerning the accuracy and transparency of facts. Main Weaknesses and Strengths of the Conceptual Framework: Interpretive Tools and Strategies While discussing the main tools and evidence, the author resorts to iconography, comparative analysis, as well as cultural and historical evaluation. The researcher also relies on visual analysis in a deep historical context to define the origins, authenticity, and themes represented on the artifacts. Specific attention has been paid to the associations drawn by a scientist that are composed of several links shaping a complete chain. At the very beginning, the author overviews the importance of maize for human and relates it to the peculiarities of Zapotec religion, including the description of genital bloodletting as an act of self-sacrifice to gods. Further, the article expands on the analysis of urns with regard to visual representations of specific symbols. While referring to connotative representation of corncob, the author provides a sufficient explanation of the function and role of seed. Further analysis proceeds with envision the iconic representation of maize seeds on the urns. The author introduces different images of Zapotec vessels for genital bloodletting to prove the presence of seed symbol. While describing specific connection between the bloodletting rituals and its connection to maize, the author relies heavily on imagery rather than on the actual function of the Zapotec urns. However, using visual examination only can prevent from presenting s
Introduction The Hewlett Packard Company derived its name from its co-founders, Bill Hewlett and Dave Packard in 1957, and has its headquarters in Palo Alto, California in USA. HP is well known as a manufacturer of the computer gear, but other than this, it also offers solution, develops software and delivers services for individual consumers and businesses that range from small and medium sized businesses to large enterprises. According to the New York Times, in the year 2013, the company faced a decline in its sale of products compared to other global PC manufacturing companies such as Lenovo and Dell (Sakuma, 2014). The company has formed partnerships with other companies like Salesforce.com to produce more cost-effective products like converged infrastructure that envisages cloud computing. A quote from Dave Packard: “It is necessary that people work together in unison toward common objectives and avoid working at cross purposes at all levels if the ultimate in efficiency and achievement is to be obtained (Hewlett-Packard Development Company, 2014).” Examined Culture HP embraces a culture of mutual respect and trust to achieve its objective of producing useful and efficient technology. The company appreciates teamwork and each individual’s contribution to the company is highly valued. The company’s innovative approach is based on identifying gaps that prevail within the already existing products and services. This aids in developing developing seamless, cost-effective solutions. Indicators of the HP company culture I conclude that HP has a collaborative culture bent on improving already existing products after looking at the company profile. The company’s objectives and values clearly advocate for a culture that respects each individual and values his or her contribution towards the success of the company. Using an example, one of the company’s values is working together as one through trust, dignity and respect for all. The aforement
Introduction The United States is one of the few industrialized countries in the world. It is a country that is admired by many. It has been seen by most as the land of the free, a place to fulfill dreams. It is one country that everyone, almost, would like to come and live in. They say that America is a country full of hope and fulfillment. America has been the center of envy for most countries as it prospers economically. It also has been the center of a lot of controversy as per its security measures and military forces. Everyone thought that the United States of America is an untouchable country. The world thought it was the safest and most beautiful place to live in. This was the truth before the tragic September 11, 2001 incident happened. Figure 1. The world trade center during the 9/11 incident. The 9/11 incident had changed the way the world sees America. it also did change the way the American government sees the issue of terrorism. For the last couple of years, the war against terrorism was heightened. It can be said that the pursuit against heads of terrorist group has been taken into a higher level after the American government saw what these groups are ready to do to spread terror around the globe. Each has their own opinion on what is right and wrong regarding the war against terrorism. Sides are being taken as the impact of the war against terrorism is evaluated. It has been six long years of fight and struggles to amend the wrongs done in the past. it has been six years when America started to really be more serious about containing terrorism. Context Terrorism is as old as human conflict and is often see as a political struggle that can be done by any player. It has been an old problem that has been made even worst by the employment of ever more dangerous and lethal forms of attack. It is a great equalizer of power (Baudrillard, 2003). The picture shows how killing and bomb attacks became a common scene in countries with the issue of terrorism. The September 11 bombing had made a great impact on the lives of those living in the States and around the globe as well. Some could still recall the vivid scenario at that time the plane collided with the building. Nobody was prepared for that. It had shown how a great country like America could be the target of a heinous crime. Since this incident, the US government had modified its rules and laws to make sure that it will never be repeated. They have even resorted to going out on war with some countries when they deem necessary. Some of the actions that Congress has done are passing the Anti-terrorism Bill, Aviation and Transportation Security Act, and freezing the account of Al Barakat and Al Taqwa that are suspected to give financial aid to terrorists. The Anti-terrorism Bill was passed last September 19, 2001 and October of the same year the Congress has passed the bill and it was signed by the President. This bill def
In 1927, Sigmund Freud wrote the book, Civilization and Its Discontents. It is among the most famous works of Freud and has been in circulation in all parts of the world. Civilization and its Discontents talks about Freud’s views on the primary tension that exist between human beings and civilization. In this book he states that the instinctive will of individuals such as the desire to commit a crime are controlled by the setting of laws (that prohibit such vices) by civilization. In 1955, Herbert Marcuse wrote the book, Eros and civilization, which is a social critic of Freud’s Civilization and its Discontents. In this book, he attempts to combine the theories of Freud to the ones of Max. Between 1976 and 1984, the French philosopher Michael Foucault wrote the book, The History of Sexuality. This book touches on Freud’s views on civilization and provides a different angle to the same as opposed to Marcuse’s opinion. The main aim of writing this paper is to outline the concepts laid out by Freud in Civilization and its Discontents and then use the works of Marcuse and Foucault to critique the same. In his book, Freud generally defines the id as an accumulation of feelings. His implication is that there is no boundary between self and the environment. Human beings can act in accordance to their feelings without considering effects of the same on the external environment. The same is true for the environment against an individual. The actions of people and that of their external environment may disagree with the laws and standards of the society. Freud continues to say that the only thing that intermediate between the environment and an individual is the ego. The ego has a responsibility of controlling requirements of natural instincts and deciding which one to satisfy against others. [1] On top of that, the ego decides on the particular time that an instinct demanded by self is satisfied. The id gives rise to the ego via the principles of pleasure and reality. Fraud defines the pleasure principle as pain out, pleasure in. This implies that it is the natural instinct of
Summary The movie “Italian Job” explores a heist plan by a group of people to steal gold from an Italian gang (Holden, 2003). The group comprises individuals with different skills and backgrounds. For instance, the group has an explosive expert and a computer wizard. The plan is to blow up the room where the safe is stored and land it in a boat waiting in the water canal beneath the apartment. With the help of ‘‘Napster’’, “Left Ear,” and Steve, two explosives are planted on the floor and ceiling of the room where the safe is stored (Holden, 2003). The plan is executed so flawlessly that the individuals guarding the room with the safe do not suspect that the safe is gone at least for a few minutes. The explosives blow out the floor and land the safe on a boat waiting in a water canal below the apartment. The escape plan involves Rob acting as a decoy in order to allow other members to offload the gold bars from the safe into their motorboat. They escape successfully and drive to the Alps to celebrate. The members outline their individual plans for the loot except for Steve, who does not have a plan yet. After leaving the mountains, they drive towards the Austrian border. Unfortunately, they are intercepted by armed individuals who take the gold. It emerges that the group was contracted by Steve, who had betrayed his friends. Steve shoots John when he tries to stop him from taking the gold (Holden, 2003). Steve and his contracted men drive away. After a year, Charlie and his group locate Steve and decide to steal the gold from him. To accomplish this, they hire Stella, John’s daughter, who is a master at cracking safes, and who is determined to avenge her father’s death (Holden, 2003). Stella drives up to Steve’s residence, disguised as a technician. Their first attempt fails after discovering that Steve’s neighbor is holding a party. Stella goes on a date with Steve and reveals her identity through a slip of the tongue. Despite the small mishap, they finally steal the gold while on transit to Mexico. Leaders and their styles The leaders identified in the film are Charlie and Steve. Charlie is the overall leader of the group who tells the members of his group what to do and when to do it. The character of Charlie is defined by tenacity, intelligence, and focus (Holden, 2003). He seeks revenge for the death of his friend and mentor, John. He is also experienced because he started stealing as a child. Charlie’s leadership style is democratic. Each of the members in the group has a specialty, and Charlie allows them to do their work without questioning their competence. He listens to
The RCA team in the examined case includes three people: the risk manager, the RN who works in the involved unit full-time, and the technician who works at the pharmacy. The fulltime employees can provide vital information about their respective workplace settings. The RN, for instance, knows about issues that all nurses encounter during their shifts. Moreover, she knows how each medication was used in the situation, what steps nurses have to take to administer drugs, and what knowledge nurses have to possess (Spath, 2013). Similarly, the pharmacy technician can describe the state of the pharmacy’s workers, their knowledge, skills, and equipment. Finally, the risk manager organizes the other members and assists in developing charts, interviewing employees, and analyzing the gathered information. The conversation among the team members during the first meeting led to collaborative efforts for problem-solving. The risk manager pointed out that the primary purpose of the RCA was to provide better care to patients. The RN and technician apologized for their comments, acknowledged each others’ contribution to healthcare, and disclosed the issues that each organization had. However, the team’s collaboration did not start immediately, as the RN and the pharmacy director began the discussion with trying to blame each other. This process was not contributing to the success of the team since arguing did not lead to mutual communication and understanding (Yoder-Wise, 2015). By discussing each other’s flaws, the members did not search for root causes. After resolving their concerns and focusing on the task and goals, the team members were able to produce three charts which could assist them in developing a quality improvement initiative. One of them was a Pareto Chart which analyzed various problems in the hospital and the pharmacy and established which of these issues contribute to the outcome the most. According to Brook, Kruskal, Eisenberg, and Larson (2015), the Pareto chart is used to identify the 20% of all factors that affect the 80% of the adverse results. Similarly, they show how the other 80% of all problems create 20% of errors. Brook et al. (2015) suggest focusing on the most vital few, thus targeting a small number of influential factors to resolve the majority of errors. In this case, the scenario shows that defective scanners are at the root of the problem. Therefore, the Pareto chart indicates that the hospital shoul
Management tools and techniques In the management of an individual and for an organization, there are various tools and techniques that are necessary. The organizational and personal behavior will determine the growth and productivity of an individual and, the organization at large. For a firm to succeed, its staff will be required to possess excellent skills in leadership, communication, self-management, problem solving, and time management, among others. The management in the organization should get ways to motivate their employees and, offer them training and refresher courses. They will create an efficient communication channel within the organization and its stakeholders. They will provide quality customer service so that they can retain and attract new customers. In addition, they will have strategies in place and oversee their implementation so that they ensure maximize productivity. The success of an organization begins with the success of an individual. If all the employees are working together with one vision and goal, then it will be easy for the company to succeed. My technique for success is to ensure that I am able to accomplish the required duties in the right way and, within the provided time frame. This begins with the management of the mind and, having a well planned and organized schedule. This involves the ability to work with other people when required. I manage my time by ensuring that I begin my work early to avoid the last minute rush. By prioritizing the objectives to be achieved, it becomes easier to undertake the duties and if faced by a time constraint working smart is the best option. This is by staying calm to ensure that the quality of work is not jeopardized. The decisions made should be timely and wise. This will make the leadership skills better if the decisions made result to success. One should have the ability to work in a team and it is also essential to possess necessary leadership skills. The coordination and output of different departments and teams, will determine the organizational behavior and success. The goals and strategies of the management will lead to the type of culture to be formed. This wil
Introduction The testicular examination is essential to every male patient, and it should begin at the age of fifteen to forty. To diagnose cancer at an early stage, men are encouraged to learn self-exam and seek medication if there is abnormal pain in the area. Self-examination should be done at least once a month to realize any different changes and the right time to examine the testicles is after a hot shower. In the male reproductive organ, sperms and testosterone hormones are produced in the testis. These are male reproductive glands located inside the scrotum the pouch of skin directly beneath the legs. Testicular cancer starts in the male gland called the testis though it is infrequent and treatable. Diagnosis and Three Differentials The gem cells produce sperm in the testicles, and this is where testicular cancer most often begins with the changes. Gem tumors are responsible for more than ninety percent of testicular cancers (Baird et al., 2018). The two main types of gem tumors are nonseminomas which are an extra common form of testicular cancer, and seminomas being testicular cancers that grow bit by bit. Treatment for testicular is much more effective when started early, and possibly, when one notices changes in any of the testes or swelling, they should see a doctor. Three differential diagnoses of testicular cancer include orchitis, a bacterial infection that is an inflammation of both or one of the testis. Abdominal Hernias involve the stomach or intestines causing pressure sensation, bulging, and pain. Testicular torsion happens when tissues around the testis are not well attached, causing it to twist around the spermatic cord. Pathophysiology of Testicular Cancer Testicular cancer often affects men who are born with a condition known as cryptorchidism. At the early stage, the abnormal cells develop but are still cramped within where the sperms are produced. The cancer is narrowed to the testicles and the epididymis as the tumor markers level reads normal at the first stage and has not grown into the blood. It then moves into the blood vessels within the testicle; cancer has now spread to the outer layer membrane around the testes. In the next stage, it spreads to a maximum of the five lymph nodes in the abdomen. In the last stage of cancer, it spreads to the lymph nodes beyond the abdomen to the lungs. At this level of cancer, the tumor makers are highly elevated and it can spread to other organs. Pathophysiology that may increase the risk of getting testicular cancer includes family history. Age is a factor in that the disease affects young men and teenagers, especially those between the age of fifteen and forty (Baird et al., 2018). Another risk factor is abnormal testicle development conditions like Klinefelter syndrome, causing the testis to be unusual. Diagnostic Test and Treatment Physical examination should be done to reveal ant testicul
Introduction Inspirational leadership has been an area of concern all over the world because people tend to seek a personal life that is not only meaningful but also one that has a particular work context attached. In the African context and particularly in South Africa, such a form of leadership has been in practice for a long period. However, in this country, leadership adopts a spiritual approach, which takes precedence in most of the areas. The spiritual outlook of leadership has been in use forming a kind of tradition that identifies this form of leadership as significant in overcoming challenges that come along with business specialty, generality, as well as diversity. According to a review of the existing literature, it is hard to find organizations of African origin that are implementing the concept of African Leadership. Nevertheless, several businesses in South Africa have in the recent future have adopted such changes but with the focus on a personal level. Despite such changes, these businesses are experiencing challenges in capturing the real picture of inspirational leadership especially in the context of behavioral change withi