ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Thesis and Theoretical Perspectives The book “Social Things: An Introduction to the Sociological Life” by Lemert (2012) focuses on introducing sociologic concepts and theories through various interpretations and stories. The author’s main thesis is a broad presentation of sociology, including such sections as the history and the connection with other disciplines (new post-disciplinary social theory, queer theory, globalization, etc.). The above thesis is rather convincing since it is based on strong arguments and real-life examples used by the author to support his assumptions. The theoretical perspectives in the mentioned books are contemporary issues regarding sociological life and things on a global scale. For example, the author discusses the tsunami that occurred in Japan in 2011 and the environmental crises, which are man-made disasters largely caused by people. Lemert (2012) argues that it is sociological incompetence along with disorganization that led to such lamentable consequences. Another example is queer theory, the onset of which refers to gender identity is also interpreted by the author as a theoretic perspective. Biases, Strengths, and Weaknesses The only evident bias is associated with the writing style of the author who sometimes rapidly moves to other topics and frequently repeats his thoughts regarding one or the other issue. It may seem that the author wants to clarify his attitude to a certain topic by being as much precise as possible. However, this distracts a reader from the main point to some extent. As a result, the style seems to be incoherent and inaccurate. As for the presentation of facts, there is no bias. Speaking of the strengths of the given book, one may note that it presents the modern realities and helps to understand them. It is one of those books that make it clear what one or the other event or disaster means on a global scale in terms of sociology (“A review of Charles Lemert’s ‘Social things,” 2017). In addition to the relevance, the book outlines the past of sociological thinking, thus allowing tracing its development. The fact that the author follows a nonjudgmental style in his book is another strong point that assists a reader in viewing objective information. Among the weaknesses of this book, it is possible to note a structural organization and cuss words used in some sections. The structure is sometimes difficult to understand, and some parts do not flow well. The use of the mentioned words in academic writing is inadmissible since it decreases the gravity of the themes. Probably, the author wanted to be closer to his readers using such words, yet he failed to do it. It would be better if he chose some other ways of being more comprehensible. Contribution to Sociology and Personal Attitude The given book makes a great contribution to the so
Nutrition is a key aspect of a healthy lifestyle and development that cannot be overlooked. Better nutrition is associated with better child and maternal health, stronger immune systems, safer pregnancy and delivery, a decreased risk of noncommunicable illnesses (such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease), and longer life. Malnutrition, in all of its forms, poses serious risks to human health. Today, the globe is dealing with a twin burden of malnutrition, which comprises both undernutrition and obesity, particularly in low- and middle-income nations. Nutrients are substances that the body needs to accomplish its fundamental activities. The majority of nutrients must be received from the food because the human body does not synthesize or create them. Nutrients provide people with energy, contribute to body structure, and/or control chemical processes. These fundamental functions allow individuals to perceive and respond to their surroundings, move, expel waste, breathe, develop, and reproduce (Chen et al., 2018). There are six types of nutrients that the body needs in order to operate and sustain general health. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, water, vitamins, and minerals are all groups of nutrients. Non-nutrients can be found in a range of foods together with nutrients and also affect the efficiency of diets (Thompson & Friendship, 2019). Some non-nutrients, such as antioxidants, which are usually found in edible plants, are helpful to the body, while others, such as toxins or additives like some colors and preservatives found in processed foods, can be detrimental. The digestive process is utilized by the human body to break down food into a form that can be absorbed and used as fuel. It performs three primary functions: combining food, pushing food through the digestive tract (peristalsis), and breaking down food into smaller molecules utilizing chemicals. The related organs include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, large intestine, and anus. This portion of the process is known as “motility” because it includes moving or emptying food particles from one area to the next. The activity of a vast network of hormones, neurons, enzymes, and muscles is critical to this process. Problems with any of these components can result in a wide range of diseases. Understanding digestion requires understanding how these organs work together to digest food. Digestion is a complex process that focuses on the conversion of food one consumes into nutrients that a body can utilize for energy, development, and cell repair. The digesting process also generates trash that must be removed. The mouth is the starting point for the digestive system, and digestion begins here before you even take the first bite of food. The scent of food causes the salivary glands to release saliva, causing the mouth to be wet. The saliva production rises as a pe
I have always been fascinated by the theory of time travel and have spent massive amounts of time reading as many of these types of books that I could find. Of all the books in the genre, there are only 2 that seem to stand out for different reasons for me. Written in 1992 and 1997 respectively, Connie Willis’ Doomsday Book and Michael Crichton both deal with the premise of historians travelling to the past but for highly different reasons. For Connie Willis, the characters needed to travel back in time for a historical study gone almost hopelessly awry. In the present of the novel, the remaining characters work tirelessly to get their stranded comrade back from an era where she was not supposed to be in the first place. While Michael Crichton sent his characters back in time in order to save a noted historian whose time travel times also took a serious turn for the worst. Those who were left in the present era to assist them in coming back though have their own agenda and work towards an endgame, that of covering up the mistakes of their experiment in time travel. Through this comparison paper, I hope to prove that, even though authors shall never admit it, they are also heavily influenced by the written works of their predecessors and oftenimes, end up borrowing story plots and devices which the latter writer, who in this case is Michael Crichton, hoped to have improved upon in his version of a suspense thriller time travel tale. Setting wise, the books both chose notable events within our world history within which to set up the story backdrop. Willis chose the British Black Plague pandemic of 1348 as the main setting of the story while intermitently returning to the futuristic world of England in 2055. On the other hand, Crichton chose to revisit medival France during the wartime era of 1357 while also making refence to the Black Death pandemic towards the end of his book. Having read the Doomsday book prior to Timeline, I immediately noticed the influence of Connie Willis’ writing upon reading the first chapter of Timeline. The most notable influence of Connie Willis upon his work is clearly seen in the way the theory of the Multiuniverse is supported by both writers. While both writers support the theory via the existence of time portals within the past and the present, their ideas as to how one can gain access to such portals is where the difference in their multiuniverse beliefs seperate. The respected lady author believes that time portals are rips in time that open up on a rotating schedule within which the traveller can come and go from his present position, which I shall call Point A, to the exact same position in the past and vice versa. On the other hand, the esteemed doctor author espoused that the time travel theory works in a similar fashion as fax machine. Meaning that man goes back in time by sending a copy of himself into the past which then becomes a reality due to the reassembly of the person’s body in the past. Healthwise, the authors both acknow
Identification of the Prospect and Its Needs Company History T-Mobile is in the business of selling mobile phones and provides cellular telecommunications. The Company is based in Boon, Germany and has subsidiaries in USA and many other countries across the world. The main services provided by the company are cellar phones that it manufactures itself, cellular telephone connection and both landlines connections. Besides this, the company also provides a number of add on services such as Internet & Email, Music & Sounds, web applications, games, music, home phones, Internet telephony, family wireless, Wi-Fi connections for music, downloads of wallpapers, ring tones, icons and many others. In USA, the company was formed after it took over Voicestream Wireless in 2001 (T-Mobile, 2008). Selling cellular headphone sets is another of its business streams. Being an international player, T-Mobile competes with a number of other companies such as AT&T, Sprint, Verizone and others. The company is very image conscious and attempts to be on the top of the competition using a variety of marketing gimmicks that are designed to attract more and more customers (T-Mobile, 2008). Company Needs T-Mobile is in a very competitive industry and its main customers are teens, youths and the young working people along with homeowners. The company has won 11 JD Powers awards for customer service, quality of call, customer care and customer service. It believes in providing the best possible service and the best products at affordable prices. As a part of its business proposition, the company sells handsets of major companies such as Samsung, Nokia, BlackBerry and many others. While selling the phone, T-Mobile also tries to bundle the cellular services so that the customer would subscribe to different calling plans. This method ensures that it increases the customer base and customers would buy other services such as ring tones, download music and buy accessories. The policy of T-Mobile is such that even though it manufactures and sells its own cellular phones and other items, it offers phones made by other manufacturers also. This policy ensures that the customer base for the main business of cellular telecommunication connections grows. In fact, the company takes pains to ensure that products of other manufacturers such as Nokia, Motorola, Sony Eriksson and others are promoted properly. Currently the company does not sell iPhones as these phones are sold directly only by Apple authorised sellers (T-Mobile, 2008). iPhone has become very popular with the more than one million phones being sold in just 3 days after the phone was released on July 11, 2008. The phone is not an essential item like food or medicine but is a cellular phone but it is regarded as a very innovative product. The iPhone represents a unique opportunity f
The definitions of communication (verbal and non-verbal) largely reflect the perceptual subjectivism of those who come up with them. This explains the fact that, as of today, there are at least seven different definitions of the process in question, concerned with organizational theory: Cybernetic – communication is the process of informational transactions being processed, for the purpose of increasing the measure of the organization’s systemic integrity. Socio-cultural – communication is the instrument of helping employees to grow emotionally comfortable with what happened to be the predominant socio-cultural discourse within the organization. Phenomenological – communication is the tool of prompting employees to experience the unfamiliar mental states, which in turn increases their ability to adequately react to the externally induced stimuli – hence, making the concerned individuals more professionally valuable. Socio-psychological – communication is the process, concerned with the organization’s managers trying to influence the workings of their subordinates’ unconscious, as the mean of helping employees to improv
Introduction The problems of improving the quality of management, the achievement of high end results of industrial-economic activities in enterprises, and the increases of their competitiveness, as major economic problems, mark a special importance and urgency in modern conditions, reflecting the characteristics of fundamental changes, as well as management conditions. Organizational change is the formation of new organizational device adequate to the nature of changes in the business and organizational environment. Organizational changes can be accompanied by a breakdown of certain habitual and mutual values shared by the employees, the norms and action patterns, and also the traditional ways of decision-making which might become an obstacle in the process of the adaptation of the organisation to the pace and direction of market changes. In another sense, considering the information technology as an additional business environment, implementing new technology can lie within the framework of managing changes. In that matter, facing the challenges when implementing new business information system, a change agent might refer to the tools and the perspectives that can be used to manage these challenges. Main Text One of the perspectives of implementing organizational change is the rational perspective. According to the rational perspective, management is the rational administration of the organization, where the organization is a set of resources designed to achieve particular goals. In that sense, “rational perspective assumes that the intended final destination of an organization is the guiding power b
Ivan Bunin’s short stories are unique to many authors we may be exposed to in American literature. His prose is highly descriptive, taking in endless landscapes and palatial gothic mansions. Bunin can be considered a realist, coming from the dynamic Soviet realism that was pervasive in Russia during his time. Though Bunin left after the First World War, the influence of his home country in his work is undeniable, even though he is not nearly as widely read as many other more well-known authors. Still, his contribution to literary history is hard to deny. Here we are presented with two of his short stories, “Grammar of Love” and “Dark Paths”. The connections between the two stories are undeniable, presenting us with the timeless themes of love and memory. By examining “Grammar of Love” and “Dark Paths”, we gain insight not only into the complexity of Bunin’s work but into the nature of the human spirit as well. Ivan Bunin is certainly a larger-than-life character in Russian literature, indeed literature in general. As the first Russian author to be awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature, his style has become renowned in its unique richness. Bunin is associated with the same canonical genre as Leo Tolstoy, Anton Chekov, and other celebrated Russian authors. Like Nabokov and other writers, Bunin left Russia to escape the turmoil of political oppression and wrote much of his popular prose in the Diaspora. This is widely considered quite significant to Bunin’s career, because, unlike Nabokov, pretty much all of Bunin’s work takes place in Russia. Aside from his writing, Bunin was known for being a strong opposition against the Nazi rule that was become increasingly pervasive in the decades after he left Russia, even hiding a Jew in his house while he lived in France. Bunin’s stories often revolve around love, lost love, and the effect that the past has on the present, and our memories. With “Dark Paths” we are presented with an obscure world of lost love. We see the countryside along which the protagonist, who is only referred to as “Your Excellency” by the driver and the innkeeper, travels, and finally a small house in which the man and his driver stop with what appears at first to be intentions to sleep the night there. When the man enters he is greeted by a woman whose beauty is described as not befitting her age. She is graceful, curvaceous, and witty. Through dialogue between the man and the innkeeper, we discover that she knows the man from their youth. “Your Excellency” is surprised, obviously not having recognized her at all. Bunin often describes the characters’ actions to denote their mood or sentiment. For example, upon discovering the true identity of the innkeeper, “Your Excellency” is described as follows: “His w
Classroom Composition The class observed was EEU kindergarten that had 20 students. Ten out of twenty students had either mental or physical disabilities. The commonly observed types of disabilities among the students included cerebral palsy, developmental delay, and a wide range of mental impairments. The composition of the classroom also included 11 adult students. The group appeared at different times of the day, and I only managed to come across about seven adult students. Students were arranged in groups. The adult group was composed of one adult and three children. Types of Activities Observed I went to the institution at around eleven o’clock in the morning. During this time, children were playing either individually or in groups. I observed groups of about 2 to 3 children playing with toys. Young girls were playing with plasticine and made different shapes while still chatting. Kids could watch what the other groups were doing. Students also cleaned their classroom with the assistance of their teacher. Instructional Strategies Teachers were applying different strategies to win the attention of their students. They used direct instruction approach to impact knowledge to their students. They used step-by-step methods that encouraged active student participation. Teachers also applied demonstration strategy to help students solve various challenges. For instance, they used charts and accompanied children in playing ground and gave field instructions. Behavior Management Strategy The approach was also observed in the classroom, for instance, head teacher commanded students when he wanted them to line up in pairs. He counted 10 to 0 to allow students finish their conversation and assemble as required. To get attention from students, head teacher doused the gleam and then used a loud voice and at a slow pace. Student Engagement According to my observation, students were fully engaged in the classroom. They actively participated in their groups and asked questions. They conducted different activities when teachers were not around. Boys played outside the classroom. Girls played with toys and plasticines to make different patterns and shapes. Students obeyed and followed instructions, for instance, they all did cleaning work when advised by their teachers. Type of Teacher Talk Teachers talk varied among the groups of students. To the mentally disabled, they addressed them on individual levels while other students could be taught as a group. Teacher praised the groups that performed well and encouraged others. The naughty students experienced strong words from their teachers. For instance, a girl was commanded to go back to class with a loud voice by her teacher. Words like clean up, line up were used to give direction to the students. Overall Impressions Classroom arrangement was inappropriate and messed up. Tables were encircled in the middle of the classroom. However, the mode of using studying groups was impressive since it encouraged students to participate. Teachers talk, instructional
As a business consultant for Sun City Boards, I would suggest that the company adopt the SWOT analysis as a strategic Management tool. The firm needs to engage in a planning process by starting with the process of setting tangible goals and defining specific actions that are needed to achieve the said goals. Goals are the basic foundation of planning and are usually acquired from a firm’s mission and vision statements (FCSJ., 2021). They explain what the company wants to achieve and not what it can achieve. Therefore, the company needs to adopt the SWOT analysis as a strategic management tool of tackling its business problems. Sun City Boards can use the SWOT analysis to leverage on its own strengths, address its weaknesses, limit its threats, and take advantage of its opportunities. The firm’s greatest weakness is a lack of planning which affects its profitability. It needs to set clear goals and objectives which it can use as a guide in its business operations. The company also needs to limit its threats which include competition from other firms dealing with the same product line. It can do this by producing high quality surf boards which can give it some competitive advantage. The company can also take advantage of its opportunities by looking into the possibility of expanding its product line to capture a large market (Teoli et al., 2021). It can venture into producing low value boards for the lower section of the market. The purpose of SWOT analysis is to help the company to identify its strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the market. It can also be used to help the organization to identify the best way to achieve future growth or handle a current situation to propel the business in the right direction (Visual Paradigm, 2022). SWOT analysis will help Sun City Boards to realize the importance of setting goals that are derived from its mission and vision statements. The company will also realize the importance of having mission and vision statements as a planning tool. The SWOT analysis will help the company to understand its position and encourage it to create ideas and decisions on how to build on its strengths, capitalize on its opportunities, limit its weaknesses, and help in the creation of business opportunities.