ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
In the article The Sexual and Textual Politics of Japanese Lesbian Comics: Reading Romantic and Erotic Yuri Narratives , K. Nagaike analyzes Japanese manga from the position of female-female romantic relationships which called yuri (lily) manga. The author indicates that manga plays a significant role in the process of understanding of Japanese culture and society. According to the author, manga raises various specific issues within the popular culture and gender problematic. Manga called yuri is mostly produced by women and for women and is based on the lesbianism. Such stories can include the topic about women who are sexually attracted to each other or who have the spiritual connection. Thus, the author provides an analysis of Comic Yuritime , one of manga magazines popular among fans, as an example that gives the possibility to explore the theoretical aspects and discursive originality of lesbianism in Japanese culture. The tern yuri had been created by the chief editor of the first magazine for gay men Itō Bungaku who decided that since the magazine is called bara – rose, that homosexual women can be called yuri – lily. Lately, fans started to use terms BL (Boys’ Love) and GL (Girls’ Love). One of the origins of yuri lies in work of Japanese writer Yoshiya Nobuko who created lesbian stories concerning shōjo (girls). Examining the readers of yuri , Nagaike says that they consist not only of self-identified lesbians, but also heterosexual women. This phenomenon is a demonstration of attempts to create a female-oriented continuum. Conclusions of the analysis indicate that yuri manga is not limited to lesbian culture, moreover, it is a significant element of Japanese popular culture. As for me, it is wrong to claim that yuri as a type of manga is an inseparable part of Japanese culture. This country has a long and interesting history with its unique elements which fascinate the Western civilization. However, on the other hand, I agree that this phenomenon can be considered as an example to elaborate women continuum within the historically patriarchal structure of Japanese society. Yuri and shōjo manga cover a number of topics, demonstrating the emotional and physical aspects of female-female relationships. Japanese sociocultural context as a background of this phenomenon helped develop the unique atmosphere that was adopted by the Western communities. Although traditional Japanese culture supports women-housewives; this background produces an alternative role of adult girls who can choose what the like. The target readers of yuri manga are women from 10 to 30. So, this issue is not related with teenagers only. It is difficult to say what issue helped
In his article for The Explicator, Stephen Slimp argues that at the end of “Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?,” Connie has “achieved a depth of spirit” through her encounter with Arnold and that “Her screaming, born of her encounter with evil, results in her trying to establish a proper relationship with another human being—in this case, her mother” (p. 180). Though I agree with Slimp that Connie desperately wants her mother as she comes to understand the depth of evil Arnold represents, the third and sixth paragraphs of the story suggest that the reason Connie is in such a precarious position to begin with and leaves with Arnold in the end is that nothing in her social world has provided her with effective weapons or support against him. The story’s third paragraph illustrates that Connie’s fragmented family failed to provide her with any moral education or defensive strategies against real evil. Instead of instilling a sense of right and wrong into her daughters or leading by example, the mother either denigrates or praises them based on their usefulness. Connie is criticized for her “trashy daydreams”, while her sister, June, is commended for “help[ing] clean the house and cook[ing]” (Oates, 1966, p. 310). There is no attempt to control Connie’s behavior or steer her onto the right path, only endless verbal abuse that causes Connie to wish “her mother was dead and she herself was dead and it was all over” (Oates, 1966, p. 310). Furthermore, the girls’ workaholic father is completely absorbed in his supper and newspapers and does not “bother talking much to them” (Oates, 1966, p. 310). As a result, June is psychologically stunted and still lives at home, while Connie rebels against her parents by entering sexually inappropriate relationships with older boys. Thus, an overly critical mother and an emotionally absent father lead to an emotionally neglected teenager who does not have the psychological resources to defend herself. The sixth paragraph describes how Connie spends her time outside the house and demonstrates how her lack of worldliness left her vulnerable to Arnold’s predatory behavior. Connie has only received attention from high school boys; even that has been so rare that it felt “good to be able to ignore” them (Oates, 1966, p. 311). She has not dealt with older men and taught to see through their manipulations or how to seek help. Her parents left her completely unequipped to deal with or even be cognizant of evil, and up until that point, Connie had not been forced into any situations that would teach her that lesson through personal experience. She is so young that going to a “fly-infested” restaurant “where older kids hung out” feels similar to entering a “sacred building”, making her “breathless with daring” (Oates, 1966, p. 311). She is not aware of any possibility of danger, only the exhilaration of finally being among adults. The description of her crossed ankles and “thin shoulders rigid with excitement” emphasizes her youth masquerading as poised m
Honeypots are network decoys that are closely monitored to detect and/or deflect any unauthorized attempts to gain access to a networked information system. Honeypots “consists of computers data or a network site that appears to be part of a network but which is actually isolated and protected, and which seems to contain information that would be of value to attackers” (Audit My pc.org) Some of the advantages associated with the deployment of honey pots include the fact that they provide “valuable surveillance and early warning tools” (Audit My pc.org). Honeypots collect a very small amount of data, most of which can give accurate information, in a form that is easy to understand. This preciseness makes it easy to analyze and react to any network attack or intrusion. Compared to other intrusion detection systems like firewalls, honeypots are always active as their resources are never used up. This is because they capture a small amount of data, hence making them suitable for monitoring high throughput networks. Besides, honeypots are easy to set up, configure and deploy. Although honeypots are great tools for monitoring networks, they have some disadvantages, the greatest one being the fact that they have a narrow field of scope. Honeypots detect only those attacks that are directed at them. They possess known characteristics and behaviors that make it easy for attackers to easily identify them. Honeypots put the network at risk, because “once they are attacked, they can be used to infiltrate other systems in the network” (Spitzer). These advantages make honeypots not to be considered effective tools for network security. Those who oppose honeypots on the basis of entrapments are may not be righ
Introduction Tourism is an essential socioeconomic sector of all world economies. It earns the government foreign exchange, revenue and creates employment directly and indirectly for the citizenry (Ashley et al., 2007, p.8). Tourism encourages development of infrastructure, as well as social amenities in places with tourism potential within a country, region, continent, or village, which in turn affects positively other socioeconomic sectors of an economy. Tourism fosters international consciousness through tourists’ appreciation and understanding of other peoples’ cultures, which is requisite for maintenance of international unity, peace, and security. Owing to the numerous social and economic benefits that accrue from tourism, proper and professional management of a country’s tourism sector is prerequisite for success. Destination management and destination marketing are essentially the pillars of the overall successful management of the tourism sector. Even though in reality destination management and destination marketing complement one another, the two concepts refer to two different processes. The purpose of this task is to discuss reasons why misunderstanding of the concepts of destination marketing and destination management leads to poor sustainable tourism planning and management of tourism impacts. The paper is organized into five main parts viz. an introduction followed by a literature review on tourism, destination, destination management, and destination marketing. The second main part is an analysis of concepts of destination management and destination marketing. The third part is a discussion of impacts of misunderstanding of concepts destination management and destination marketing and finally a conclusion and recommendations part. Literature Review The success of a destination in terms of reaping fruits of its tourism potential is certainly an outcome of proper and professional management of matters tourism. Therefore, a country’s destination management and destination marketing organizations play a critical role in facilitating improved attraction of visitors internally and from foreign countries (School of Travel Industry Management, 2006, p.7). Destination management is a process of raising the quality of services in order to achieve visitor satisfaction and sustainable tourism planning that encompasses control of impacts of tourism (Jamal & Robinson, 2003, p.449). Destination marketing is an integral part of destination management that involves informing potential and current tourists about a destination so as to persuade them to visit (Wahab et al., 1976). In tourism management studies, concepts destination management a
The culture of smoking changed in Poland as a result of a severe public health concern. Smoking is a global health problem linked to different types of cancer, cardiovascular disease, respiratory conditions, high tuberculosis risk, and inflammation for both active and passive smokers, especially children. In the 1980-90s, Poland faced the challenge of being a country with the highest rates of smoking, associated lung cancer, and premature mortality in the world (Center for Global Development, n.d.). About 40% of Polish males died as a result of a smoking-related condition by 1990 (Jassem et al., 2014). The scientific community became concerned with the outbreak of cancer cases and respiratory conditions and advocated for the need for tobacco-control legislation using research evidence. In response to the public health concern, the Polish government developed a tobacco-control initiative that prohibited smoking in public places, electronic ads, and sales of tobacco products to underage youth. Moreover, the policymakers required manufacturers to print health warnings on cigarette packs and introduced health promotion campaigns to educate the public on the risks associated with smoking. The initiative demonstrated the efficiency of political commitment to health-focused policymaking in low- to middle-income nations. Poverty and inadequate education were the leading socioeconomic factors contributing to the smoking health crisis in Poland. Jassem et al. (2014) suggest that the victims of tobacco-related mortality were primarily young and middle-aged uneducated men from poor households. The country was also a major tobacco manufacturer in Europe, and the national economy relied heavily on cigarette production, so the information on the negative consequences of smoking was controlled and restricted by the state. The government did not take any anti-smoking measures prior to the reform because the state-run tobacco industry was the main source of Poland’s revenue, and early attempts of tobacco-control in the 1980s were rejected. Political factors also played a considerable role in the smoking culture since the end of communism signified the emergence of the new market economy and the introduction of multinational tobacco corporations. Cigarettes became affordable in a variety of brands, widely available, and aggressively advertised, so the Polish increased their tobacco consumption, unaware of its dangers. The combination of cultural awareness and knowledge helps me overcome bias. Cultural awareness examines personal biases and stereotypes and allows the nurse to be receptive to the diversity of clients’ responses to illness and death (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2020). Cultural knowledge involves education and understanding of patients’ unique beliefs and peculiarities of verbal or non-verbal communication. It influences my interactions with patients and their families as I can offer culturally a
Introduction: In the Most Tender Age Plunging into the second-language environment can be considered quite a stressful ordeal for a person, no matter how well (s)he can adapt to the new surroundings, with the language issue at the top of all the complexities that may possibly arise. Rather uncomfortable experience for an adult, the given situation should be traumatizing for a child as well, which the necessity to offer the strategies of foreign language mastering in the early years is predetermined with. Because of the difference in the vision of the world, the pace of the intellectual development and a number of other factors, children display a different attitude towards learning two or more languages as compared to the adults (Nikolov, 2009). However, because of the complexities connected with teaching children second foreign language, the arguments against the given issue may arise. Therefore, it is necessary to figure out whether the early foreign languages teaching is reasonable enough, taking into account the existing theories. Multilingualism and Competent Language Learning When speaking of the teaching at the tender age, it is necessary to provide the definition for the given stage of a child’s development and draw the line between the early years and the childhood. In the given case, it would be most reasonable to resort to the definition offered by an early age stretches from the day of birth to the age of three, suggesting that at the given stage, “there is a gradual development of features that become recognized as ‘adult second language acquisition’ after approximately age 7” (Philp, Oliver and Mackey, 2008, p.27). However, some researchers, like Whitehead (2010), tend to think that the cognized learning takes place at the age from 0 to 7 (p.218). Whet talking about the process of teaching children the foreign language, the competent language learning is to be differentiated from the phenomenon of bi- and multilingualism, since the latter does not presuppose a conscious process and, hence, cannot be considered learning, as Knapp & Seidhofer (2009) explain: “On a societal level, multiculturalism can be defined as the presence of more than one language in the society” (p.54). Taking a Theoretical Approach: Learning the Ideas of the Coryphaei When speaking about the issue of teaching the youngest children foreign languages, one must consider the arguments pro and contra the given idea. Obviously, teaching children of tender age does have its benefits, yet there are considerable dif
It’s a well-known fact the quality of any decision-making software including appraisal software products depends upon several factors, which include not only a powerful analytical processor but also easy installation and convenience of using it by users with different levels of computer and data processing knowledge. The powerful analytical processor of appraisal software is a multifactor algorithm with a powerful decision-making platform, which defines the accuracy of calculations and relevance of report data. There are lots of different real estate appraisal software solutions, nevertheless, they may differ by functionality, analytical toolbox, and several functions. In this paper, I will discuss 2 popular real estate appraisal software tools, which include a very effective and powerful toolbox and offer different options for real estate appraisal managers. These software products are Wintotal and Appraiser’s Toolbox. Wintotal Wintotal software has several different functions (analytical and statistical) for real estate appraisers, which allow making accurate property evaluations. Wintotal also provides a set of specific functions in financial calculators which allow to chose the most appropriate financial strategies from several given variants. Wintotal provides full compatibility with database management tools such as MS Access, MySQL, and others. Such features of data import increase its functionality and make it fully compatible with other solutions. Wintotal gives several features to combine spreadsheets into a complete report using different types of supporting data, such as maps, pictures, graphs, etc. Being a fully integrated project it also allows to link appraisal reports with online data, includes emailing services for report delivery and powerful electronic document storing management systems. The disadvantage of this product is its relatively high price (more than 1000 dollars) and another disadvantage is that most analytical features for report preparation should be purchased separately (for about 200-400 dollars). The Appraiser’s Toolbox The Appraiser’s Toolbox is a standard support tool that includes basic features to create appraisal reports, using template appraisal forms, sketches, and multimedia features. The Appraiser’s Toolbox has basic analytical features and appraisal accounting features. The main advantage of The Appraiser’s Toolbox is automatic report building tools which include adding pictures, maps, EDI in one window. Report templates that are available in The Appraiser’s Toolbox reduce the amount of time required for routine work. Unlike Wintotal, The Appraiser’s Toolbox is limited in its analytical abilities and can not be a powerful tool for cost approach; it also makes integrity with other products and doesn’t have add-on features, like other software solutions. That’s why we can conclude that The Appraiser’s Toolbox is a good tool for the preparation of appraisal reports as it has good word processing and publishing features, but due to the absence of powerf
Focus of the Study Nowadays, diabetes is one of the most serious healthcare concerns. According to the findings of the World Health Organization (2016a), type II diabetes affects the lives of around 8 percent of adults around the globe. It means that more than 422 million people in different countries require help in combating the disease. Moreover, more than 80 percent of diabetes mellitus instances are registered in countries with low and middle income (World Health Organization, 2016b). Among them, more than 1 million people are suffering from type II diabetes in the United Arab Emirates (International Diabetes Federation, 2015). Due to the severity of the problem, primary attention should be paid to preventative measures. However, to develop and promote them, an in-depth understanding of the causes of type II diabetes is essential. The education and financial status of an individual are often seen as factors that lead to increased risks of type II diabetes (Rivera, Rosenbaum, & Rosela, 2015; Saydah & Lohner, 2010). They are major determinants of socioeconomic status because their social value remains unchanged over time (Saydah, Imperatore, & Beckles, 2013). Nevertheless, socioeconomic status is a complex multi-dimensional phenomenon that influences a position occupied by an individual in a community. Except for the level of education and income, it as well includes immigration status, age, gender, and ethnic background (Rivera et al., 2015). Because of the comprehensiveness of this concept and severity of the problem, this study will take into account only two determinants of socioeconomic status – education and income because they are easy to estimate. That said, qualitatively, what is the influence of socioeconomic status on susceptibility to type II diabetes, and how can healthcare institutions and policymakers use it to combat this modern-day epidemic? Purpose of the Study The purpose of the study is to deepen an understanding of factors that determine susceptibility to type II diabetes. It will focus on investigating experiences of people living in the United Arab Emirates, a country with predominantly high incomes, to find out whether there is a strong correlation between socioeconomic status and predisposition to diabetes. A major goal is to help doctors, policymakers, and ordinary people to become more conscious of the causes of type II diabetes and launch a productive educational program that will help eliminate manageable risks and combat the epidemic of this health concern. My hope is that this paper will be useful for putting an end to health disparities and improving the lives of thousands of ordinary people. Preliminary Research Questions To achieve the research objective and carry out the study as planned, the following research questions will be addressed:  1. What are the determinants of socioeconomic status in a
Introduction The work of Johannes Kepler marks a fundamental advance over the Aristotelian physics and Ptolemaic astronomy inherited from antiquity. His immediate predecessor Copernicus, who wrote the first systematic exposition of heliocentric astronomy (De Revolutionibus, 1543), had maintained the earlier postulates: Celestial bodies move with uniform circular motions; the visible motions can be modeled by supplying a sufficient number of deferents and epicycles; no motive force is needed, because the planets move of their own nature. Kepler’s deep-seated belief that the sun emits a force that pervades the cosmos and drives all the celestial bodies on their courses, a belief which meshed well with his Christian faith, led him to investigate the causes of celestial motions and to postulate the existence of a force, now called gravity, which links the cosmos into one organism. His willingness to treat the planets as objects having the same nature as terrestrial bodies enabled him to discard the necessity for circular motions and to adopt elliptical orbits. His mathematical curiosity drove him to make correlations between what had been considered unrelated phenomena and from these phenomena to deduce laws. Unlike the ancient Greeks who cloaked their discoveries in mystery, Kepler leads us through all the tortuous paths of his creative process, the false starts, crooked turns, agonizing failures, as well as the exhilarating successes. No one has been more unguarded, unsparing, or relentless in sharing with the reader their innermost thoughts and feelings. Harmonices Mundi In the Harmonice Mundi, Kepler elaborated concepts first outlined in the Mysterium Cosmographicum. The basic principles of the cosmos are based on geometry: Specifically, the regular polygons are archetypal forms in the human soul as well as in the celestial world; when the planets in their orbits form angles corresponding to the angles of these polygons (for example, 90 degrees square, 60 degrees trine), they inspire and excite the soul. Kepler pursued this line of thought in his astrological writings. Musical harmony is also based on these angles: The ratios of the musical scale (octave, fifth, and so forth) can be derived from the polygons by suitable construction. Furthermore, the planets’ orbital velocities create a harmony: (1) There is a simple ratio between the planet’s velocity at aphelion and its velocity at perihelion; (2) the squares of the periods of revolution of any two planets (the time in which they complete one orbit) are proportional to the cubes of their mean distances from the sun. This latter is Kepler’s third, or harmonic, law, and his joy at its discovery was unbounded. In the final chapters of Harmonice