Introduction Due to the advancement in information and communication technology, there has been an increased need for privacy when passing on confidential information. Johnson & Jajodia (1998, p. 26) state that as the number of data exchanged on the internet increases, so does the need for information security to prevent illegal access and use. Moreover, the broadcasting and publishing technologies require ways of concealing their information (p. 26). Current research approaches have focused on concealing information using steganography, among other methods like watermarking, copyright protection for digital media (Johnson & Jajodia 1998, p.26). However, this paper focuses on hiding information via steganography in digital media. According to Petitcolas et al. (1999, p.1062), Steganography is widely used in digital communication to ensure privacy and confidentiality since it’s difficult for hackers to trace and track the hidden communication. Overview of steganography Provos and Honeyman point out that steganography has been existent since the reign of the Greek empire and in Greek; the word means covered writing. Several ways were used to hide information throughout history like the Greeks used wax-covered tablets where they wrote messages (Provos and Honeyman 2003, p. 32-33). They scraped off the wax from a tablet and wrote the message then they were covered with wax to seal off the message. A story of a slave was recorded by a Greek historian where the slave’s head was used to pass on hidden information which was tattooed on the skull after shaving. When the hair grew, the slave went to the recipient of the message who shaved the head to expose the hidden message (Petitcolas et al. 1999, p.1065). At the time of the Boer War, Lord Robert Baden-Powell was a scout for the British embedded maps that marked certain positions of enemies into butterflies’ drawings. It’s also recorded that invisible inks were used by Axis and Allied spies to convey messages. The ink contained urine or fruit juice which exposed the hidden message when heated or put under ultraviolet light (Provos and Honeyman 2003, p. 33). With the invention of modern computers and software in the mid-90s, the older techniques of concealing messages inside other messages and images gained more popularity igniting a transformation in such methods of hiding information. Cryptography and steganography are methods used in secret communication but they differ. In cryptography, contents of the secret data are hidden from unauthorized access but steganography hides even the existence of the message itself (Kessler 2004). An analysis by Johnson & Jajodia indicates that steganography and cryptography are both good ways of securing confidential information but can all be compromised (1998, p. 28). Therefore these two methods can be combined for a better outcome where a message is encrypted and then hidden using steganography. Provos and Honeyman (2003, p. 33) give fingerprinting and watermarking as other methods related to steganography which are majorly involved in academic property protection. In watermarking, a signature is a hidden message in objects that denote ownership or the source of documents. In contrast, fingerprinting uses different, special marks implanted in distinct copi