ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
“The Story of an Hour,” written by Kate Chopin in 1984, narrates the story of a married woman, Mrs. Millard, who just heard that her husband died in a car accident. After the sad news, she went from a feeling of complete loss to a sense of liberation almost in an hour. However, she dies of a heart attack when her husband was found to be alive. Mrs. Millard’s reaction suggests that her marriage was a trap. By her story, Chopin demonstrates that for most women in the 19th century, marriage was not joy but an obligation. Mrs. Millard could not control the swings in her emotions right after she saw the news. When a person finds out about the death of their loved one, it is always a tragedy and great sorrow. Mrs. Millard, on the contrary, was peaceful and even imagined her future as a free woman. This reveals how Mrs. Millard was oppressed in silence as most of women of her century. They never showed their emotions or any disappointment on their faces. Women of that century were bound in unhappy marriages because of wealth, status, and social judgments. Did women love their husbands? Indeed, there might be some warm feelings, but almost no one asked women about their feelings and thoughts. In this case, marriage is not a union of the loved ones but is a social obligation where a wife is a subject of a husband. Mr. Millard never knew that his presence had killed his wife. He probably did not even think that Mrs. Millard could feel oppressed or bounded. They should be the closest ones to each other, but, ironically, they seem distant and cold. Mrs. Millard says, “free, free, free!” and “the vacant stare and the look of terror that had followed it went from her eyes; they stayed keen and bright.” The sudden joy of being free and realization of her liberation made her excited, showing burden of her marriage. Mr. Millard’s neglecting approach about his wife suggests that their union was comfortable only for him, while Mrs. Millard silently faded away. Chopin illustrates how social obligations corrupt a sacred union such as marriage that should bring happiness for two people. The husband acted as a master, while the wife was a subject. 19th-century women were raised by being comfortable with men. Women should obey any men they are dependent on by following family rules, preserving traditions, being supportive, and never saying a word against them. Millard’s family seemed a perfect example of the social order in that century. Even though they were a “correct” and practical family, they were not happy. To conclude, “The Story of an Hour” focuses on the marriage institution of the 19th century. Chopin challenges the existing social order by showing how happy a woman was to find out about her husband’s death. Marriage is a holy union, but the life of Millard’s family was turned into obligatory actions that each of them did systematically; it was not the cooperation of two loved ones. The story also reveals how women of the 19th century were oppressed in silence due to their inability to sustain themselves. They were never asked about their true feelings and thoughts. Women h
Introduction American History is probably one of the most interesting histories all over the world. And some of the most important people shaping the history of America between 1492 to 1865 are Benjamin Franklin, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton and Abraham Lincoln. Important people in the history of America Benjamin Franklin was born in Boston in 1706, he was a clever boy, and as he grew up he was fascinated by books and poetry, which made him write articles for newspapers and books. He was a very creative person, and was the inventor of the Franklin stove which saved fuel. But the invention for which we all remember him still today is the invention of electricity, we remember him as the first person to introduce light in our lives. Franklin was such a person who thought all people were equal, and in 1765 he was asked by Thomas Jefferson to help him in writing the Declaration of Independence. The people of America still consider him as a hero, who struggled for their independence. George Washington was born in Virginia in 1732; he was a gentleman who developed good morals and manners at a young age. In the beginning of his career he worked as a surveyor and he had many lands. Till the American Revolution Washington managed his lands at Mount Vernon. In 1775 as a delegate of Virginia Washington was elected as Chief Commander of the Continental Army. Immediately after he took command of his troops and started the war against the British, which lasted for six years. In 1781 he finally forced the arrest of Lord Cornwallis, which put an end to the war. He was one of the main persons in the Constitutional Convention in 1787 in Philadelphia. And finally on April 30th 1789 he took oath as the first President of the United States. Thomas Jefferson was
What is the role of the Aryan race in human history, according to Hitler? As per Hitler’s theories, the Aryans were originally a pure nation. Because the Aryan was superior he enslaved the inferior race (the Moore), who although they were subjected to hard work learned the culture of the Aryan. So Hitler’s theory was that Aryan was originally the preserver and propagator of the current culture, which all races have benefited from. Why is the Japanese, in Hitler’s theories, a “culture-bearing” rather than a “culture-creating” people? According to Adolf Hitler’s superstition theories, the Japanese culture had not originated from the Japanese themselves, but it was originated from an Aryan spirit several decades back (Hitler, 2010). So, according to Adolf Hitler, the foreign Aryan spirit was the awakener of Japanese people hence the bore a culture that they did not create. Hitler believed that cultural progress was necessarily aggressive. Why? Hitler believed that culture must be progressed through aggressive means because some cultures are superior to others. Hitler believed that those who possess superior culture must ruthlessly keep up the” masters” position so that they remain the preservers and propagators of culture. This is supposed to be done through all means, including slavery. How are Jews said to destroy cultures? The Jews were said to destroy cultures because the other cultures held a higher view of Jewish culture than of their own. Hitler believed it was the wrong approach because Jews had conquered their former catastrophes not because of forces but as a result of forces, besides, he believed that Jews used not to assimilate with foreign cultures, but, rather they used to imitate it hence destroying the culture. Did Hitler view the defeat in World War I as inevitable? Was the Allied victory a good or bad thing, in Hitler’s view? Hitler strongly believed that his country never lost World War 1, but it was the leaders who betrayed his country. Allied victory over Germany in World War1 must have been a very good thing to Hitler personally because he loved war and he also had territorial ambitions, and the Allied victory provided him with the opportunity to pursue these two ambitions with the support of his people,
Abstract In the fast-developing business world, it is essential to continually follow the latest managing strategies to achieve the best relationship between the seller and the buyer. The purpose of this paper is to identify the key factors that appear to shape the business-relationship between the supplier and the buyer. They allow it to be possible to build a sufficient strategy for managing the relationship. This essay aims to discover the factors that create a basic understanding of supplier relationship management as well as determine the aspects that form a productive customer/vendor relationship. Introduction For successful, long-term cooperation between the buyer-supplier chains, the most crucial factor is to build a trustworthy strategy of managing the relationship. A close relationship between buyers and suppliers gives many opportunities and benefits; for instance, it may give a supplier a chance to get investors for their new projects or start-ups. The main factor in achieving a successful buyer-supplier relationship is through its effective management. Sharing information as well as communicating with your client is an essential requirement for supplier development activities (Sillanpää, Shahzad, & Sillanpää, 2015). However, efficient management of business communication requires a lot of experience and leadership skills, as it is sensitive and individual to every person. Therefore, each client needs a unique management strategy to have a successful long-term relationship. A key to successful communication between supplier and buyer relies on their mutual collaboration. In the modern world, managing relationships is no longer a one-sided strategy; it is dynamically changing toward the collaborative approach. It gives an advantage of constant competitiveness, which is a catalyst for continual improvement. Factors Influencing Buyer-Seller Relationship Efficient cooperation within a company requires a strong relationship between the buyer and the supplier. A successful supply chain relies on well-established contact between buyer and supplier; otherwise, further business will result in failure or ineffectiveness. Some factors are essential in terms of building a successful communication chain. Trust The first and most important of them is trust. Trust, in many ways, forms the core of the relationship between two parties. Trust can be identified as a willingness of one party to rely on their partner confidently. It is is the main factor affecting the strength of any inter-organizational relationships (Morsy, 2017). On the foundation of trust, most prosperous affairs are built; moreover, trust is an expectation for every business partner that is made on the assumption of the company’s reputation, reliability, and consciousness. It is one of the critical factors that influence the future of the relationship between the buyer and the supplier. The best existin
Introduction Malaysia currently ranks among the leading states that support and encourage project initiatives related to sustainable urban development and so-called “green urbanism.” The Malaysian government promotes policies and development plans that suggest various strategies of improving green networks and increasing energy efficiency in cities (Aziz 2016). Cyberjaya was created to be a pioneering community in green technology and is meant to serve as an example for other cities of Malaysia to adopt environmentally friendly development strategies. The city is now actively involved in the construction of green buildings, sustainable houses, and cooling systems (Jereme et al. 2015). However, despite a considerable number of green initiatives, it has only one large-scale project related to open-air recreational zones: the Cyberjaya Lake Gardens. This area covers 1.6 square kilometers and is considered to be the primary landscaped space of the city. More than 6 hectares of this territory are occupied by the lake, which attracts many tourists and locals alike (Abidin 2016). The idea of the green city project is to shift the focus of attention away from the Garden City Concept itself and instead turn the only garden in the city into a “city-in-a-garden.” To this end, the project aims to expand the borders of the garden until it covers the whole residential area. This goal implies incorporating green technology principles during the development stage of building construction. Through this project, Cyberjaya will be integrated into the existing natural environment and become an uninterrupted open space. Furthermore, the expanded wetlands will filter water naturally, which can be a perfect cost-saving replacement for traditional filtration systems (Abidin 2016).
Introduction The ESPRIT is a well know brand name company in the worldwide, and it has controlled retail space of over 450,000 square meters in more than 43 countries spanning 5 continents. It operates approximately 560 directly managed retail stores and has over 7,000 wholesale outlets comprising free-standing stores, department store shop-in-shops and “doors” in boutiques. Esprit will introduces its clothing products in India. Marketing Strategic Analysis Environment Analysis To increase the quality of the strategic decision-making of going to India, it is necessary to consider the external environment (external analysis) and internal environment (internal analysis) prior to making irrevocable decisions. This section describes the environmental tools that were used for the subsequent analysis in the strategic choice element of the investigation. SWOT Matrix The SWOT Matrix is a tool that analyses the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that organisations face. The strengths and weaknesses relate to internal aspects of the organisation and the opportunities and threats are factors that exist within the external environment in which the organisation operates. Strengths One of the biggest assets that Esprit has is the strength from a global dispersion; this gives Esprit their other strengths, which lie in their global and local availability and convenience; the fact that they have an outlet in most countries. Weaknesses Esprit’s overhead is 13% higher in terms of percentage of revenues than Boss and 17% higher than Bond’s. This increased overhead is not a result of an excessive advertising budget, since only 6% of Esprit sales goes toward advertising and 10% of Bond’s sales goes to marketing in India. Opportunities One thing that Esprit has an abundance of is opportunities, because of their strengths and weaknesses, Esprit have a variety of venues that they could go into and improve themselves. Threats   * Exchange rates are a big threat.   * The major increase in substitute products as well as price wars all account for Esprit to vary of the changes that are occurring in the market and at the same be somehow over come the difficulties that they have to face. Limitations to the SWOT Matrix   * It Does not account for uncertainty of future.   * Does not give holistic model of the organisation.   * Not aimed at option evaluation or selection.   * May cause problems if not approached honestly – i.e. over-perceiving strengths in order to hide weaknesses. Segmentation In order for Esprit to be successful in India, it is important to segment the market using appropriate criteria in order to target precise s
Introduction The global economy has significantly expanded within the last decade. Human resource managers, business leaders, and other entrepreneurs at large have found it increasingly challenging to recruit new and skilled workforce in their business institutions. These business organisations need skilled employees for critical entrepreneurial processes such as decision-making and strategic planning in order to gain competitive advantage in both local and global markets. However, the gap between the need for skilled workers and available employment positions is seemingly becoming a challenge for many business organizations around the globe. This phenomenon has crowned into a war for talent that has challenged the accomplishment of goals and objectives for many businesses and organisations. This paper provides insight to the extent to which war for talent has become both a local and global challenge for businesses and organizations. The Global War for Talent Numerous researchers have unveiled that many organisations, especially in America, Nordic region, and Asia, have gradually fallen short of competitive talents (Chambers, Foulon, Handfield-Jones, Hankin, & Michaels 1998). The world underwent an immense revolution in terms of technology during the last decade. Apparently, technology has led to the expansion of businesses and the invention of new ones. As a result, many companies have sprouted within this technological revolution leading to new brands in the market. However, Klein (2013) claims that there is no adequate professional talent to fill the labour gap that is associated with this nature of organisational dynamism. There is an increasing demand for expertise knowledge about a variety of professional dimensions such as information and technology literacy, free and private enterprise skills, strategic planning, and international shrewdness (Chambers et al. 1998). Lately, due to the aforementioned trend of events, multinational companies have begun to seek talents from foreign countries where quality education is highly regarded. In their research, the authors note that the shortage of talents in business organisations has forced some executive directors to serve an increasing number of companies in their career life. This situation is due to the urge for companies to seek the best business leaders to manage their companies. According to Chambers et al. (1998), many companies extend less weight to the practice of nurturing talents within their business organisations. Global Leadership Many mult
There are various learning styles in the World. This is because people are different and all have differing levels of cognitive and information integration ability. A number of factors influence this ability. These range from genetic and up bringing to environmental requirements. These factors affect the way an individual absorbs information by either doing acting feeling and sensing or by observation, thinking and analysis. The differences in people’s cognitive ability have enabled psychologists to classify learning into different types. Not all these learning styles can be restricted to a specific person (Mantle, 2001). Even though these learning styles are specific to individuals, culture plays an important role in influencing what individuals embrace as their favorite learning styles. Culture also may restrict people to embrace certain learning styles. This makes people who share cultural background to have somewhat similar learning styles. Culture has some effect on people’s learning styles. There is no specific definition for learning styles. Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge by studying. A learning style, therefore, is a distinctive manner in which an individual acquires knowledge by means of study. It comprises of a number of factors, which include characteristic cognitive, affective and physiological factors that show how an individual apprehends, interacts with and react to issues surrounding his/her learning environment (Cagiltay & Bichelmeyer, 2000). Researchers in psychology have developed models to enable them explain learning styles of individuals or groups of individuals. Since these models have a number of generalizations and assumptions, they may not give the measure of learning styles in a particular group. This is also due to the fact that variations and differences in the way they acquire their knowledge. In this case, it is important to understand “learning styles” as the strategies or approaches individuals prefer using in the knowledge acquisition process rather than the models the researchers offer. This should take into account the strategies an individual or a group of individuals employ in processing information and the common preferences as they approach learning in a distinctive manner (Cagiltay & Bichelmeyer, 2000). Culture on the other hand has many definitions depending on the context in which the term is used. In the human context, culture is generally the way of life of a group of people defined by their learned behavior, believes and convictions. People inherit culture from the society in which they are born into, grow and develop. The culture of a place has norms and other cultural traits that its people identify with. These traits are normally common to all people in that particular group. These include language, classification of people, rules regulating various aspects of life, distribution of roles, leadership structure and roles, among many others. People generally learn their culture from tradition or religious background. Culture plays an important role in determining the way pe
Introduction Fetal homicide may be defined as the planned killing of a fetus. Ostensibly, the dispute concerning the rights of fetuses is not a strange idea. In general, fetal homicide laws are laws crafted to address matters that relate to any form of injustice directed towards unborn babies or fetuses. Originally, European common law did not recognize fetuses as human beings and thus offered not protection against the killing of a fetus. This however changed with amendments to the law to cover both human beings and fetuses (Gardner & Anderson, 2014). Subsequently many other states followed suit and abandoned the earlier requirements of the law. The death of a fetus inside a mother’s womb is therefore considered homicide. As viability is an important consideration under the abortion law, scholars argue that it should equally be a benchmark when it comes to fetal homicide laws (Marzilli (2009). According to Solinger (2013), fetal viability refers to the ability of the fetus to live outside the mother’s womb. Ostensibly, no common agreement regarding the viability of a fetus has ever been reached. In the recent past, however, there has been agreement among various scholars that fetal viability may be reached at week four or five during the development progress of the fetus. In this paper, I will look at fetal homicide laws in different states and according to my Christian worldview determine the direction that fetal homicide law should take and, whether each state should have such a law. In case it is necessary to have the law, a possible standard to be used and the practicality of such a standard should be agreed upon. A discussion of the contradiction between fetal homicide laws and abortion laws is also presented towards the end. Fetal Homicide Laws in Different States Apparently, no ruling by the Supreme Court exists to guidelines for the development of fetal homicide laws in different states. As such, states consider different aspects when crafting these laws. While some states come up with legislations that safeguard the fetus throughout its development, others establish the point at which the protection of a fetus is deemed necessary, usually towards the end of the development cycle (Marzilli, 2009). Presently, about 40 states in the United States have fetal homicide laws (Solinger, 2013). A number of states including Alabama, Arizona, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Nebraska, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, West Virginia, and Wisconsin have fetal homicide laws that are applicable during the earliest stages of the development of a fetus including conception, fertilization and post-fertilization. In Wisconsin, intentional destruction of the life of a fetus is punishable under the fetal homicide law. Ostensibly, the law also covers the death of the mother regardless of whether or not the fetus was alive at the time of the mother