ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Based on the information on the specified symptoms, Mary’s state can be identified as a neurocognitive disorder according to the DSM-V. Indeed, as the American Psychiatric Association declares, the phenomenon of a neurocognitive disorder may occur after a “severe head injury” (American Psychiatric Association, 2013, p. 31). The reasons for the above-mentioned conclusion are quite obvious; the fact that the patient keeps having memory and concentration issues weeks after the accident shows that the TBI can be identified as an intracerebral hemorrhage and a contusion that the patient received as she hit her head on the edge of the pool ( Severity of TBI , 2015). The Glasgow Coma Scale shows that Mary’s state changed from 10 (eye-opening to verbal command, no verbal response, obeys commands ( Glasgow coma score , 2015)) to 15 (eyes open spontaneously, orientated, obeys commands ( Glasgow coma score , 2015)). Nevertheless, the fact that the patient still experiences difficulties in maintaining the same level of intellectual activity as the one before the accident shows that Mary may have developed a disorder. Particularly, the health issue that Mary is suffering from currently is traditionally mentioned under the umbrella term of major neurocognitive disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 2013, p. 40). The identification of the problem mentioned above was carried out by locating the effects of the trauma and comparing them to the standard symptoms. The loss of memory, as well as the inability of the patient to focus on particular tasks, especially those requiring an intellectual effort, falls under the category of “intellectual disability” (American Psychiatric Association, 2013, p. ), which, according to the DSM-V, is a basic symptom of a neurocognitive disorder. Additionally, the patient may experience the posttraumatic stress disorder, as she is unable to not only use her memory to recall the events that occurred to her in the course of her routine life but also displays significant mood swings, which border hysterical outbursts (American Psychiatric Association, 2013, p. 272). However, to carry out a full assessment of the patient and define not only the problem that Mary faces but also the means of addressing the current state of the patient, a more detailed series of tests need to be carried out (Lezak, 2012). Specifically, fMRI can be suggested as the key tool for defining the patient’s condition. It should be noted, though, that Mary will have to undergo additional testing for identifying the issues that she may be having. Specifically, a comparison between Mary’s pre-morbid level of physical and intellectual activity and the current one will have to be considered. The above-mentioned comparison can be carried out with the help of the Wechsler WTAR test, which was developed to test pre-morbid intellectual c
The constitutionality of DACA can be challenged as certain legal contradictions related to the adoption of the program are evident. Since Trump’s inauguration, the President has focused on strengthening the deportation system, calling for more immigration and border patrols. Restricting immigration can be considered enforcing national laws; moreover, such restrictions facilitate the greater integration of migrants. However, the broad powers of American presidents to abstain from full compliance with immigration laws in certain circumstances are a form of the executive’s general powers to refrain from enforcing nearly all statutes in certain circumstances. President Obama’s decision at one time contradicted existing immigration laws, but the President had the authority to impose the passing of DACA. Thus, a situation arises when the significance of legislative acts can be arbitrarily reduced by the decision of the President or the executive authorities. Moreover, the program was launched illegally – it was implemented by a presidential decree bypassing Congress. Since DACA does not provide citizenship, the issue of compliance with the 14th amendment becomes less pressing. However, the problems of its legality that arose during implementation cast doubt upon its constitutionality. Effectiveness of DACA Problems of the program’s effectiveness or, on the contrary, its inefficiency arise primarily not from its essence but from the political and economic situation in which migrants find themselves. The Mexican authorities, according to Trump, are doing very little or nothing to stop the flow of people into the United States. Trump has declared that it is necessary to prevent the enormous flows of drugs and people from Mexico. However, such human flows of Mexicans to the United States should be associated with several economic and political reasons, not with the Mexicans’ general disrespect for American laws, as Trump put it. The process of migrating to the United States in violation of federal immigration laws is not explicitly caused by the DACA program and its terms. In turn, the legalization of illegal immigrants can significantly increase the income of immigrants and the gross domestic product of the United States, which is proved by many studies. The failure to consider certain factors in studies should be associated with the impossibility of absolute prediction of the final results rather than oversight or deliberate distortion of the data. Feasibility of DACA The reluctance of the new US administration to continue the migration policy of the previous authorities will l
Essay Structure The essay describes the social impacts of hosting large scale international events on the local community. The presentation covers the structure of the essay and indicates the two main examples to be used to describe the social impacts. The essay will cover the following items; Introduction, Definition of events, Description of the social impact of events – in light of the summer Olympics and the Formula 1 in Saudi Arabia, Conclusion, and Sources. Events Overview There is no fixed definition of an event, given that it can be twisted to suit a given situation. Generally, an event is a one-time or rarely occurring event outside regular programs or activities of the funding or organising body. To the client or visitor, an event is an occasion for a leisure or socio-cultural experience out of the usual scope of choices or outside the daily experience.’ Events are classified based on their demand (media attention), tourist attraction as well as the impact they have on the host destination. Also their classification considers their magnitude and size. Hallmark events and mega events are two main types of events. Hallmark events are major one-time or recurring events of limited duration, developed primarily to enhance the awareness, appeal and profitability of a tourism destination. Mega events are events that draw huge numbers of visitors and have for a long time been linked to image-making or developmental roles for the host destination. They are large-scale socio-cultural sporting events that have a mass admired appeal and worldwide importance. Formula One Formula One is a motor racing event. Saudi Arabia to host its inaugural edition of the race in Jeddah. It is set to be the fifth full night race on the Formula One calendar, following the Singapore, Bahrain, Sakhir and the Qatar Grands Prix. Summer Olympics The Summer Olympic Games, also known as the Games of the Olympiad, are a major international multi-sport event normally held once every four years. The Games were first held in 1896 in Athens, Greece, and were most recently the 2020 Summer Olympics held in 2021 in Tokyo, Japan. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) organises the Games and oversees the host city’s preparations. In each Olympic event, gold medals are awarded for first place, silver medals are awarded for second place, and bronze medals are awarded for third place; this tradition began in 1904.
Political dominance, high levels of poverty, and resource import/export all contribute to the global divide. Transitioning industrial growth to lower-cost labor news outlets, world media, and primary routes trade relations have made the world smaller extensively in various ways. it has also widened the gap between states by increasing impoverished countries’ reliance on wealthier nations. Mexico has indeed been described as a divided nation with vast disparities amongst affluent and underprivileged, urban and rural, southern and northern, and brown and white people. The country is split along racial, religious, sexual identity, and demographic categories. The Indians’ inferior standing in Mexico reflects the country’s racial categorization. In Mexico, females make 45 percent of the total workforce, but they work in lower-paying professions than their colleagues in industrialized countries. The richest 10% of the inhabitants obtain at minimum 40% of overall revenue in at least 26 nations around the globe. The disparity amongst affluent and underdeveloped states is expanding (Estrada-Villalta & Adams, 2018). The method in which the hierarchical rank of parents is conveyed to their offspring is remarkably similar in research of female labor force participation in developed nations. Multigenerational migration in a community is still heavily influenced by systemic flaws and international migration.  1. Colonialism is the action or practice of gaining partial or full political legitimacy over another nation, settling it, and dominating it commercially.  2. Dependency theory denotes the idea where wealth migrates from a perimeter of lesser developed countries to a center of advanced economies, benefiting the rich at the expense of the poor.  3. Globalization is the mechanism by which a company or other entity gains worldwide clout or begins to operate on a global scale.  4. Modernization is the procedure by which least established cultures gain qualities that are shared by more advanced societies.  5. Multinational Corporation is a corporation that has operations in both their native nation and other nations around the globe.  6. Remittances are the number of funds transferred by a foreign person to a family member back home.  7. World-systems analysis is a non-Marxist way to comprehend world superpower and dominance tendencies. Reference Estrada-Villalta, S., & Adams, G. (2018). Decolonizing development: A decolonial approach to the psychology of economic inequality. Translational Issues in Psychological Science , 4 (2), 198-209. Web.
Introduction Food is a fundamental need among human beings that needs to be carefully addressed especially when determining emerging trends. It is worth acknowledging that the side effects of preservatives has affected general health of populace, and contributed to poor health. It is necessary to acknowledge that this further highlights that food has indeed changed over the years in terms of nutritional content, mode of production, and distribution. This means that in the future, food is likely to undergo adulteration and departure from its original content. Additionally, genetically modified food is likely to grow in usage because some issues such as climate change are likely to affect food availability as well as food production mode. In the middle of the 19 th century, a huge shift in agriculture towards the use of chemicals in the farms and animal confinement was experienced. This kind of farming came to be known as mechanization or industrialization of agriculture. Industrialization of agriculture introduced new methods of food production can be likened to factory-type production system. The new system of farming replaces the holistic thinking and the recycling of the nutrients through the use of crop rotation and animal rotation to produce food. Those changes in the methods of farming and agriculture have changed food production over the years whereby the yield is no longer quality and it has many health issues. This essay proposes a research study of the changes on food production over the years. The study will focus on the changes in nutrients, health issues, and the general quality of the food. Literature Review According to Church and Stewart (2013), food has significantly changed over the years especially in terms of content and price. For instance, the price of commodities such as potatoes was significantly lower in previous decades as compared to the current price. Moreover, it is worth stating that nutrient density of food has significantly declined over the years because of the changes in the methods of farming and food processing. Climate change has also affected the agricultural patterns, especially in terms of growing food and harvesting. Information obtained from academic libraries indicates that problems associated with the consumption of processed foods are not new. These problems have existed among humanity since the advent of technology. According to Garg and Mukerji (2010), scientists face difficulties coming up with solutions to side effects resulting from the consumption of processed foods. For years, these professionals have not succeeded in their mission to enhance food safety. This implies that changes in food production techniques and the use of artificial fertilizers and pesticides have great impacts on the quality of the processed food. Research provides that food nutrients have declined significantly in the past decade. In fact, food production has registered almost 50% decline in nutrients due to changes in production styles and the use of technology. This implies that food consumed nowadays contain almost 50% less nutrit
Introduction The feeling of excitement and trepidation can best describe the idea of branching out into Russia. Our company already has a proven track record in the United States and without a doubt we can always expect a fair level of profitability in the next few years and even in the next decade or so. But Russia beckons and the strong urge to go there is not based on wishful thinking but facts that says there is an emerging market and that every company that hopes to be relevant in the middle part of the 21 st century must find a way to establish a business presence in Russia. On the other hand it must be pointed out that this venture into the unknown is not without its perils and problems. Russia is very much different from the United States and the Russian people are very different from Americans and even Europeans. It will be revealed in the course of this study that the Russian people are not Europeans and yet at the same time they are not Asians. They are in the middle and they learn how to get the best of both worlds. This can be seen in the presence of dual characteristics: the kindness and other good-nature qualities of the Asian people as well as the toughness, energy, and sometimes insensitivity of the Europeans when it comes to work and survival in the midst of difficult circumstances such as the need to live in a land with meager resources. It is not only the Russian people that will become a major obstacle for our company to hurdle. There is also the problem of their past. This was once a communist country ruled by the iron hands of dictators (Shevtsova, 2005).It has to be pointed out that millions of people were murdered or massacred for the sake of ideology and this bitter memory prevails and creates some sort of a heavy weight that has to be dragged around and to the detriment to the rapid success that Russia is supposed to have accomplished already. Nevertheless, opportunities abound and this is the reason why our company must send the first team to scout and establish a business presence in Russia. This report will help forewarn of the danger and struggle up ahead in order for them to create a better strategy that will ensure the future success of this company. Historical Background In the not so distant past Russia was formerly known as the Great Russian Empire. It began to unravel during the time of the Industrial Revolution because during that season of radical changes the many flaws of the monarchical system of governance began to show. The Industrial Revolution started in England (Landes, 2003). But the ripple effects were felt thousands of miles away. As Great Britain began to be transformed by the Industrial Revolution, many are also seeing the negative impacts of rapid industrial growth (Zacek, 1997). Workers began to comp lain about squalid living conditions and inequality between business owners and laborers. These events happened
Abstract The behaviour of human beings is determined by the brain particularly the prefrontal cortex which determines the maturity of human beings. Adolescents in the second decade of their life are among the most hardworking compared to adults. They are found to put so much effort to work utilizing their energies to the maximum (Dolan 2002, pp. 76). However, adolescent behaviour is found to be more violent than adult behaviour in the execution of duties. At times, some adolescents tend to behave more or less like adults but this is not the case. This essay devises mechanisms through which one can analyze the relationship between age and behaviour of human beings based on mental development. Studies by neuroscientists show that adolescents possess the ability to perform very organized work in one day but the following day they do something one did not expect them to do. It was also arrived at that the brain of an adolescent takes chronological modelling which makes them able to live by taking risks and making some inappropriate responses. Behavioural differences of adolescents and adults brain development The scientific study of the brain also known as neuroscience is among the greatest studies used in the analysis of actions of human beings both at their young and old ages. In the transition age from childhood to adulthood, the brain undergoes development especially at its frontal lobe which is responsible for the socialization process. If the brain development of an early adolescent is measured then compared with that of a late adolescent, it will then be discovered that the late adolescent brain will have grown significantly resulting in many differences in change of behaviour (Hooper 2000, pp. 103). What develops in the mind of an adolescent that makes them change to adults is the prefrontal cortex which is located in the frontal lobes of the brain. This part is also known as the executive of the brain which is responsible for organizing personal priorities, setting strategies and allocating attention. The development of this part of the brain is what makes adults different from teens in terms of behaviour response. The unavailability of this ability in adolescents makes them behave in a more disorganized manner. Most of them indulge in excessive beer drinking forgetting their priories of life, some even decide to leave education for beer compared to an adult who just drinks a little beer and goes on with his planned strategies and priorities. The growth and development of the chemical messages dopamine among adolescents take place drastically during adolescence. This part is responsible for mature judgment among adults but this at times is noticeable among late adolescents. This explains why adolescents at their early stages perform things without due concern about the re
Introduction Thornton is a large chocolate company based in the united kingdom with various subsidiaries that produce similar products. The group produces a variety of confectionery for the UK market, and they are pursuing growth strategies, and they are implementing short term and long term goals. The company’s main mission is to stay ahead of the competitors in the confectionery market. The company’s main objective include to   * Re-establish as an undisputed leading chocolate plant in the UK.   * To increase the market share to 50%.   * To increase business activities to cover all seasons of the year.   * To improve profit percentage.   * To enter into the international market. To attain these goals, the company has:   * It has invested in a brand that is relevant and more premium in the market.   * It was developed and invested in innovative product development.   * Modernized their storage environment.   * We are attracting and retaining the best human resource. This can be easily from the trend in the growth of sales, profits and profitability. In the last five years, sales have grown although there was a downward trend in the year 2006 where sales fell to 5.9%. However, in the year 2007, it picked to 5.3 % and eventually resting at 11.9% in the year 2008. The profitability of the company, however, was positive in the last three years. This is a clear indication that the management of the company is on the right track in ensuring the company grows. Strategy and forward-looking The industry is likely to face challenges in the coming years, and these challenges could be no less daunting for Thornton plc. Chocolate products around the world are experiencing reducing in demand due to obesity instances and ageing populations. However, along with the challenges, there are also tremendous opportunities. In a recent interview, Thornton’s plc chairman argued that reduction in price was not an issue because a consumer doesn’t want to save a couple of thousand dollars and then learn that they miss the goodies of chocolate. According to the chairman, Thornton’s has been growing across all channels providing a steady growth for the last seven consecutive quarters. This growth is attributed to the forward-looking by the management of the company. The company’s strategy has been modernizing the store’s environment, recruiting the best human resources, ensuring that the product is available to all customers by introducing various value chains. Some customers are reached by online shops while there is a 24/7 shopping and delivering of our products tour customers to any location. This strategy has made us increase ourselves. As the world is movi
Concepts and Issues Discussed By the Article HRM competences and internationalization are the major concepts or issues discussed by the article. From the beginning, the article outlines the roles required by HR managers in the wake of internationalization, especially in countries such as Serbia and Slovenia. The article explains the various roles that HR managers require in order to handle the increasing spectrum of human resources that cut across international borders. The article explains that HR managers experience an increased range of activities when companies shift from host destinations and amplify their operations to other destinations outside the host countries. Cultural changes, political differences, consumer attitudes, as well as the differences in legislations, characterize the challenges that HR executives experience as they undertake their roles in international and multinational firms. To substantiate the issue of HRM competences, the article outlines several skills and roles that HR managers should demonstrate when executing their responsibilities. According to the article, some of the major skills that HR managers need to have as their companies shift gradually from local to international settings include readiness for change, critical decision making, cultural understanding, and innovation. The issue or concept that relates to internationalization is also evident all through the article. The article outlines the various challenges that HR managers face as the companies turn into multinationals. The article states that since the independence of Slovenia, several companies have undertaken their operations across the borders in countries such as Serbia, Netherlands, and even Germany. By crossing the borders and executing their operations in foreign markets with a different set of consumers, the companies cease being national but turn into international firms. To coin the prevalence of the issue, the article sampled 25 international companies and collected data from HR executives as well as expatriates working in countries like Serbia. All through the article, the issue of internationalization is evident and is indeed the main concept that compels HR managers to augment their overall skills and roles. It is important to explain that although the issue of HRM roles and internationalization are distinct, the article creates a relationship between them as it t