ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Unethical behavior on the part of the residency doctor In the scenario, the training director of a residency program encountered reports of unethical behavior on the part of a physician. He was continuously making disparaging comments to patients and residents about other physicians’ work, which is insulting as it is. If to apply clinical ethics to the situation and assess what points to the lack of understanding of ethics on the part of the physician, several topics apply. First, patient preferences are of relevance in the scenario because the physician spoke with patients about the supposed lack of professionalism other physicians had, which seemed to scare them, thus diminishing the respectful attitude towards them. There was no therapeutic benefit to the patient of listening to disparaging comments, which suggests that the physician’s behavior was unethical. Contextual features also apply to this case because all clinical encounters imply a wider social context (Jonsen et al. 20). While physicians can question the work of other health providers, they should focus on what is best for the patient and not what they think personally. If, for example, the physician expressed concern with the work of his colleagues and provided evidence for their malpractice, his behavior will be considered ethical. However, he resorted to name-calling without providing any substantial evidence for why a surgeon was a butcher or why a psychiatrist was a mindless twit. To conclude, the physician’s behavior was unethical and was not supported by facts; it is possible to challenge the practice of other health care providers but only when it is justified and when no insults are involved. Forgery by a patient treated in a family practice In the scenario, a health provider faced a problem of whether to report a forgery committed by a patient who had been treated for many years as a part of family practice. Because the patient had a history of anxiety and substance abuse, the forgery is of particular concern since he could sell the drugs he was prescribed earlier. If to apply principles of clinical ethics to the situation, quality of life and contextual features are the most prominent. The principle of quality of life is linked to clinical encounters targeted at addressing patients’ physical and emotional health. Therefore, it is advised to report the forgery to the police because the possession of prescription medication in large quantities can cause harm to the patient with the history of
Introduction A state of crisis normally results in unprecedented consequences on people and formal structures of institutions and infrastructures. Leadership for public health crises and emergencies must respond to these crises emergencies, execute crisis management plans, and demonstrate leadership strategies. Therefore, formal leadership during public health crises and emergencies is critical for effective responses. However, in some situations, formal leadership may fail during public health crises and emergencies. This could lead to unprecedented effects on humans and properties. The word leadership has broad usages. In this context, it would refer to decision-makers, managers, and directors, or simply persons responsible for managing public health crises and emergencies. In health care emergency and crisis management, leadership is critical for an effective response system. Hence, scrutiny of the leadership on managing the response system starts immediately. The provision of leadership may start at the local levels among the community affected by the disaster. At this point, the media can severely criticize any apparent weaknesses and failures of the leadership system in their responses. Thus, the role of leadership in managing public health disaster is essential for the victims, as well as other people that the disaster could have affected in different ways. One major imperative aspect of disaster and crisis management is people. People include those who respond to crises and emergencies in order to help disaster victims. Such actions would result in ineffective use of available resources in order to reach the greatest number of people who need help. One must recognize that understanding leadership in public health crises and emergencies is a complex affair under the unique prevailing circumstances, which require effective mitigation, adequate preparation, response, and recovery. There are different leadership behaviors under such circumstances. Others may be effective and imperative, whereas other leadership behaviors could face significant challenges. Key challenges in providing leadership during public health emergencies and crises The main source of challenge in providing leadership during public health emergencies and crises is communication. In most cases, the bureaucratic officials may take over control of the situation and hamper effective communication. As witnessed in the previous public health emergencies, political leaders and local leaders normally assume control of the situations. They want to reassure the affected people and the public that the emergency is under control even when it is impossible to manage. On the other hand, leaders can communicate information, which can aggravate the public’s panic, particularly when they exaggerate the emergency situation. Some leaders may not be effective in providing reliable information to the public as the crises develop. The
This paper is aimed at discussing the role that corporate governance plays in such a corporation as CAE Inc which is also known Canadian Aviation Electronics. Overall, one can say that people, who represent the part of the company, understand the importance of their activities for the sustainability of the organization. First, they pay close attention to the evaluation of senior managers’ performance (CAE Inc., 2014, p. 4). Furthermore, they identify possible candidates who can fill the position of the Chief Executive Office, provided that Mark Parent, the current CEO, decides to retire. Such activities are important for the successful performance of this organization. Additionally, corporate governance of this company lays stress of the development of ethical rules that the company should follow. Much attention is paid to financial transparency (CAE Inc., 2014). This emphasis is also justified because inaccurate financial reporting can result in significant challenges such as corporate scandals as well as lawsuits. Furthermore, corporate governance attaches importance to the compensation of executives. In particular, they strive to attract the most talented candidates. Moreover, they believe that it is necessary to disclose the information about the compensation paid to senior executives (CAE Inc., 2014, p. 2). This strategy is also beneficial because it can motivate senior managers to work harder. This policy can contribute to the effectiveness of this corpora
Introduction Connecticut Community for Addiction Recovery (CCAR) is mainly concerned with alcohol and drug-related problems especially the rehabilitation of individuals who have been addicted. The community has a self-drive to give back to society by reaching out to those who have been overwhelmed by drug and substance abuse. In general, CCAR operates under two broad and clearly defined objectives. To begin with, the organization is determined to improve how recovery programs for drug-addicted individuals are usually carried out. In other words, the organization came to the realization that most rehabilitation and recovery programs for drug-related cases are not viable enough to change the whole menace brought about by the abuse of alcohol and other drugs. In order to achieve this, CCAR is currently employing advocacy programs by voicing out issues that are of great importance in the recovery process. For instance, the community is keen on gathering the latest and up to date information on the causes as well as solutions for the problem. Secondly, the organization operates on the philosophy of self-determination by using its advocates on the ground as living proofs that recovery of drug-related vic
Eric Hobsbawm, a British historian, categorizes the historians of the late nineteenth century into two groups. He is firm in his categorization to an extent that other historians refer to him as the leading light in a group of historians. There are those he says stick to their ideas. Of course, the debate is on what foundation the modern states were build. Another issue relates to states adopting either communistic or capitalistic ideologies. One group avers that politics forms the key to truths and myths that are to be uncovered and stated. One group is revolutionary and the other is reactionary. The latter is the one that looks backward with nostalgia while the former looks forward for explanations of the present and the future. Hobsbawm belongs to the revolutionary group. It should be noted that he is a staunch crusader of the Marxist ideas. He even served in the world war, but claimed to have done nothing of importance. In fact, he regrets taking part in it. He is pro Stalin and Russian communist ideologies, though he represented Britain in the war. He believes in socialism and as much as it failed, he died holding onto the same. In his articles, he is wittily selective in his statistics. He mainly focuses on people with whom he shared opinions. In criticizing capitalism for example, he ponders why there is economic expansion that leads to massive unemployment. The expansions resulted from the technological innovations. This is very ironical from an economist’s perspective. With every available opportunity, he praised leaders with communist ideas, including O’Connell.
Introduction Earthquakes are one of the major disasters in the world today. They have claimed thousands of lives in the recent years and rendered many more homeless. Depending on the magnitude of the earthquake; they can be very destructive. For instance; Haiti was hit with one with a magnitude of 7.0. It brought buildings to the ground, cut off communication of Haiti with the rest of the world leaving them quite helpless. Earthquakes An earthquake can be described as the uneven shaking of the earth’s rocks that leads to breakages. They are as a result of energy release from the earth crust. Ansary, M. A. (1995) claims that during the release of the energy the country experienced seismic waves that eventually lead to tremors. The earth is divided into four major layers, these include: the crust, inner core, outer core and the mantle. If movement occurs in the lower layers of the earth the surface of the earth is disrupted as the displacement is experienced all the way to the top. The degree of shaking of an area is determined by the seismic activity of the area. Seismic activity is the type and size of earthquake that a place experiences. The point which an earthquake is generated is referred to as a hypocenter. The intensity of earthquake can be measured using the seismograph which has a Richter scale to determine the magnitude of the earthquake. The Richter scale was invented by Charles Richter. After the invention of the Richter scale it was followed by the invention of Mercalliscale by an Italian volcanologist called Giuseppe Mercalli in 1884 and 1906. Theseismometers are usually located in different areas so as to record any slight movement in the earth’s crust. There are three types of earthquake which are grouped according their occurrence. They include the volcanic, tectonic, explosion and collapse earthquake. The most common cause of an earthquake is the tectonic plate movement. This occurs when the continental plates move either towards each other causing compression of the plates or move away from each other thus building up tensional forces which causes earth movements. While there are those that slide past each other causing shearing of the earth’s crust. These plate movements are what lead to an earthquake. A small percentage of earthquakes occur as a result of volcanic activities and explosions. Spence, W. & Sipkin, G. L. (1989) has suggested that in the United States, earthquake activities are being experienced along the borders of the continent, areas which border the pacific and the Atlantic oceans. The eastern side of the continent has a high probability of experiencing an earthquake within the next fifty years. These areas include the California region, along the San Andreas Fault. Some states likely to experience earthquake include Arizona, Nevada, Uta
The life of a college student is often viewed as an ongoing festival with a lot of entertainment, but the reality is usually not so vivid and rather trivial. Popular movies created the attractive image of the college life for young people, but it is important to pay attention to the fact that the main purpose of entering the college for the majority of students is the high-quality education to continue their study or start a career. As a result, a college life should be discussed as a life of an adult person, and it is full of both joy and challenges. Thus, college students face various pressures. These pressures are the necessity to work full-time, exhausting preparations for examinations, and the necessity to balance the study and life. A full-time job is a good chance for a student to become financially independent, but it also can act as a significant stressor. College students often become unprepared to spending all their weekdays working and all their weekends studying the material for college classes. In addition to the study stress, working students experience pressures associated with the necessity to pay for their books or cover their living expenses. Pressures at work in addition to challenges in college create a highly stressful atmosphere for a student. From this point, the primary result of this challenge typical for many students is the necessity to learn the study materials at night in order to succeed in college. Study in college is associated with a lot of learning and preparations for examinations, and it often includes the late night cramming to meet certain deadlines. The necessity of the non-stop learning and the life full of deadlines become a real stress for a college student who tries to meet all limits and address all expectations while focusing on the late night cramming. As a result, a student becomes exhausted, his or her attention decreases, and the level of stress grows. In this case, the only way to cope with the stress is the focus on the study and life balance. In order to study at the highest academic level, a student experiences the additional pressure while struggling to maintain the balance in his or her life and to have the adequate amount of rest. The academic excellence is a goal for many college students. However, while trying to study to their limit and receive only the highest grades, students often forget about the necessity of the effective rest for them. Weak skills in time management and the inability to organize their hours for the study and rest lead students to the prostration and insomnia as a result of the stress. Therefore, in order to demonstrate the high results in the academic performance, it is necessary to learn how to cope with pressures that are faced by students almost every day of their college life. From this perspective, it is imp
Introduction This paper is based on the topic of globalisation. It seeks to explore the barriers which inhibit the phase of globalisation. Some of the barriers include the war on terrorism, various pandemics, economic crisis, and cultural differences. The paper is divided into two sections. The first section explores the concept of globalisation and outlines the barriers to globalisation. The second section is a case study of India, which is one of the countries ranked below position 70 in the depth index of globalisation. It is argued that the main barrier which inhibits India’s integration with the rest of the world is its culture. The reason why India’s culture is hard to change or adapt to is the homogeneity of Indians in terms of language, cultural beliefs, traditions, and religion. The Concept of Globalisation Globalisation is an attempt to eliminate the differences between people of the world through interaction and
The modern world is characterized by a growing degree of globalization and internationalization. Multinational companies have become an integral part of this world. They have branches around the whole world. There are even companies that conduct business in almost every country of the world. These countries are characterized by different economic and political environments. Also, there are significant cultural differences between the countries. As a result, the business model of a company cannot be similar in every country, since this business model should account for the mental features of every separate market. Such differences can be analyzed on the example of American Coffee House (direct retail sales in the target market similar to Starbucks). The target countries are Germany, France, and The Netherlands. The task is to define the cultural differences and their potential influence on this business. First of all, the potential demand for such products and services should be considered. The size of this demand depends on the local citizens’ habits and culture of drinking coffee. Of course, France is a leader in the culture of drinking coffee among the mentioned countries. Thus, the greatest demand can be expected by the company. On the other hand, drinking coffee for a French man is something more than just taking a meal. It is the whole process. It can be even called a cultural process. Citizens of this country like to spend time with friends and colleagues, while drinking coffee. Coffee is rather an opportunity for them to talk and to solve some problems. Respectively, it is a long-term process. That is why the business model under consideration is not the most suitable for France. This business model is developed for people that want to drink coffee as quick as possible. Usually, they drink such coffee during the breaks at work, lessons at university etc. This business model can be called a quick coffee. That is why a conclusion can be made that this business is not appropriate for France. It is better to say that it cannot be the most profitable there. New regional business opportunities should be monitored. Germany and Netherlands are more appropriate options. They do not have such developed culture of drinking coffee. They would happily accept an opportunity to drink a fast coffee. Also, there are some additional supportive business factors. These countries have large cities with a lot of citizens. These business centers are ready to accept great amount of coffee. Furthermore, there is developed infrastructure for growth of the business under consideration. Second of all, these countries may propose required demand. The average level of income is among the highest in the world. That is why the company u
Health is considered as the most valuable element in human life, so we are ready to spend money for it. Because of research and study in health care, human life expectancy is higher than ever. But the problems that are created by chronic diseases are haunting us. Nowadays we are so health conscious and are ready to do daily exercises. But when we are ready to preserve our health we have to consider the content of diet also. When one is having an intake of highly calorie content diet and is not ready to involve in exercise, there is high chance for diseases. Here, health practices and healthy diet is so important. So when one is ready to undergo strict dieting, some favorite food item may be discarded forever. So it is evident that one’s favorite food item can influence health. Our traditional food items are designed to improve our health so we have to stick on to traditional food practices. In America, the people who migrated from Europe and other part of the world brought their carried their food practices with them and it influenced the whole continent. Now the food items that are served in America are a mixture of American and other countries. In America, local eateries revive and are ready to continue to redesign classic regional dishes. The writing in personal narrative must be developed within the writing and the dynamic of writer’s own life and experience. When one search for experiences related to food habits and individual health, it can be seen that there is relation between food habit and health. Earlier health problems are centered on under nutrition but today the problems are different. Hot Dogs and Apple
Background Heart failure (HF) is one of the leading causes of hospitalization among older adults and, if left unchecked, might lead to lethal outcomes. It is a chronic syndrome associated with abnormalities of cardiac function, generally prevalent on the left side of the heart (Arrigo et al., 2020). There are approximately 6 million Americans with the diagnosed varieties of HF, who require continual medical services (Charles, 2021). The current paper examines the two types of HF – systolic and diastolic – and explains the differences between the varieties based on the case study. Systolic Heart Failure Overview Of the two types of HF, systolic HF or HF with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) occurs slightly less frequently. As seen from the name, it occurs when the heart’s left ventricle becomes weakened and cannot pump the necessary amount of blood (Charles, 2021). The two primary causes of heart failure, in general, are hypertension and coronary artery disease, while myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, and valvular heart disease are unique to HFrEF (Rivera & Menaker, 2017). Some of the symptoms include chest pain, fatigue, nausea, shortness of breath, swelling, coughing, and other associated signs (Charles, 2021). However, it is essential to conduct a physical examination, electrocardiography, and tests to establish an accurate diagnosis. Diastolic Heart Failure Overview Diastolic HF or HF with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) occurs due to the stiffness of the left ventricle. The heart maintains its entire capacity to contract; however, during HFpEF, blood vessels lose elasticity, which leads to a lack of available blood (Charles, 2021). The common causes unique to diastolic HF include diabetes, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle (Charles, 2021). Most of the symptoms of HFpEF are similar to HFrEF, and a more thorough examination is required. Pathophysiology Consequently, it is crucial to discuss the pathophysiology of the condition based on the case study. The patient demonstrates the common symptoms of HF, such as fatigue, chest pain, swelling, and shortness of breath. Furthermore, the medical history reports hypertension (a common cause of both HF types), but also high cholesterol and Type 2 diabetes, which are more prevalent in diastolic HF (Rivera & Menaker, 2017). An elevated heart rate of 110 bpm and