ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Executive Summary Herbal-care soap, a new product in the market is expected to do better than the existing products. This product cures and prevents the transfer of communicable diseases. The product is natural and chemical free, unlike the other products, which contain chemicals that have side effects to consumers. The recent researches show that more people die of communicable diseases than those who succumb to cancer and AIDS combined. The existing products cannot absolutely eradicate the spread of communicable diseases, and hence the need for Herbal-care soaps. The recommended psychographic and demographic target markets for the product are discussed in the paper. Herbal-care soap Description of the new product Herbal-care soap is a natural, chemical-free soap that cures and prevents infections of communicable diseases. This soap improves the health of consumers and reduces illnesses caused by germs. The demand for chemical-free soaps is high at the moment considering that the state has reported many death cases caused by communicable diseases. According to researchers, the number of people dying of communicable diseases is more than those who succumb to cancer and AIDS combined (Webber &Roger, 83). Therefore, there is a great need for products with capabilities of curing and preventing illnesses caused by germs. Herbal-care soaps will be packaged using spe
Introduction Fluss Washer and Dryer Division Company is a Swiss appliance company which operates under the directorship of Johannes Linden. Linden is fully content with the way the company has performed in the recent past, and expresses his joy openly to the members of Global Executive Committee during their meeting. At the same time, Linden and the board officials face a formidable challenge in the course of the meeting that gives rise to disharmony among its members. FWD had already made a business planning cycle 3 months prior to fear of a larger rise in the prices of steel. However, after some negotiations, the prices of steel have now become significantly lower which results to the company saving 10-20%. This lower price of steel has caused dilemma to the company whether or not to change the target of the business for every country in order to reflect the new prices (Hill and Rennella 1). FWD faces a significant challenge which consists of knowing whether to base the managers’ bonuses on the old or new prices of steel. FWD is in the process of restarting an expansion of the manufacturing capacity of the company that was suspended in the year 2010. During the meeting proceedings, Linden informs the team about River Tech who is their primary competitor. The Korean appliance giant, River Tech has made a strategic plan to go “ green ” that is to be environmentally friendly in its line of production. This is not the case for FWD because the company mainly focuses on developing high quality washers and dryers which are ventless (Hill and Rennella 1). What should Linden do during the actual meeting? Linden’s goal is to transform the followers’ attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors as well as to inspire the followers to perform above the expectations. It is evident that there is lack of harmony between Linden and GEC member. Therefore, the meeting is a forum to brainstorm on the issue that has led to disharmony in the company. Before the meeting set off, GEC members have to ensure that they are adequately represented in the meeting. For the process to be successful, there are certain rules that have to come into play. The process needs an adequate allocation of time in order for every GEC member to voice their ideas and grievances. The information relayed to the members by Linden should be accurate and straight to the point. On this light, Linden shares the CEO’s remarks with the committee members about the invaluable contribution that FWD has made to the overall corporate performance. By any chance, bias suppression should not be exercised during the process. This means that Linden should not minimize his conflict of interest (Hill and Rennella 2). Should he table the discussion (i.e., put it on the hold)? Should he say what is on his mind? What are the pros and cons of each approach? Linden is aware about ambivalence characters that the team members possess. Apparently, his management must consider conseq
Introduction As it has been mentioned in the FATF report, the significance of customer due diligence (CDD) for financial institutions must not be underestimated. With the help of a reliable and consistent array of elements, this system can prevent a company from engaging in business relationships with an unreliable or illegal partner. Among the most important CDD measures, such aspect as identifying the customer and verifying their identity with the help of reliable data is mentioned (FATF, International Standards 12). Other crucial factors to consider include determining the beneficial owner, understanding and collecting data, and performing ongoing due diligence (FATF, International Standards 12). The present report aims at explaining the major objectives of the effective CDD system and analyzing its components in detail. Goals and Elements of the CDD System The objectives and components of the CDD system are closely interrelated, there being four major types of them:  1. Identifying the customer and confirming their identity by employing independent data or documents (FATF, International Standards 12). The purpose of this element is to make sure that the prospective customer is not engaged in any risky or illegal activities, such as money laundering or terrorist financing. Frequently, identity checks for such causes are performed by requiring a copy of the customer’s passport or proof of their address. However, there are more thorough options of identification, such as visiting customers at work or home (Clarke).  2. Determining the beneficial owner and taking appropriate measures to confirm their identity (FATF, International Standards 12). The purpose of this CDD component is to find out who the ultimate owner or controller of the business is. The major underlying reason for such identification and verification is performing a valid risk assessment of the possible cooperation (Clarke). Such an approach is also beneficial for client acceptance procedures.  3. Comprehending and collecting appropriately the data aimed at analyzing the nature of the business relationship (FATF, International Standards 12). Putting it in simpler terms, it is necessary to know what one intends to do for business partners and why (Clarke). In most cases, the character and the ultimate goal of the business relationship are apparent. Still, when some more complicated or uncommon tasks are involved, it is important to pay more attention to this element (Clarke).  4. Administering continuous due diligence on the business relationship and inspection of transactions launched throughout the time of that relationship (FATF, International Standards 12). This component is aimed at making sure that all of the performed transactions correspond to the institution’s data on the customer, their risk profile, business reports, and if needed, the source of funding (FATF, International
Choosing the most appropriate study design is a fundamental step in an epidemiological study (Aschengrau and Seage, 2008). According to Aschengrau and Seage (2008), epidemiologists use different epidemiological study designs to answer research questions. This paper highlights epidemiological study designs most commonly used during epidemiological research. Experimental studies According to Aschengrau and Seage (2008), investigators often use experimental studies when investigating the role of a given agent in the prevention and cure of diseases. Main characteristics The main characteristic of experimental study is that it involves the study of prevention and treatment of diseases (Aschengrau and Seage, 2008). Strength of Experimental Experimental studies often yield more accurate results than other study designs. Weakness of Experimental Experimental studies are extremely costly and involve thorny ethical issues. Observational studies This study design involves the observation of the natural experience of the group of people with similar characteristics. Main characteristics Observational studies examine causes, prevention and possible treatments of specified diseases. In observational studies, investigators take part in passive observation of a given group of people or events. During the study, investigators do not interfere with the group or events (Friss, 2010). Strength Observational study can be used on a wider range of exposure, such as occurrences, prevention measures and treatments of diseases (Friss, 2010). Limitation According to Aschengrau and Seage (2008), the main weakness of this study is that researchers do not have absolute control over unsettling influences or inappropriate factors. Cohort Studies Cohort study ca
Technologies alter the modern world and introduce radical changes to all spheres of human activity. The scientific progress and emergence of new devices triggered a reconsideration of old approaches and an establishment of new ones. They are characterized by the increased effectiveness, high output, and reduced input, which is vital for most organizations. For this reason, specialists look for new ways to integrate technologies and create a more digitalized environment with multiple options available for workers. Artificial Intelligence can be considered one of the most innovative solutions widely employed by different groups now. It combines features attractive for organizations, such as effectiveness, reduced mistake rate, and stability. These factors are also vital for the auditing sphere as it contributes to the increased accuracy of conclusion and other benefits. The paper outlines the central aspects of using AI in the field and possible issues associated with its employment. Definition Artificial Intelligence is a complex and generalized term that is used to describe a unique technology. It presupposes building machines capable of simulating human thinking and intelligence to perform complex tasks unbailable and unresolvable by other devices (Rochwerger & Pang, 2021). In other words, it is a computer or software possessing some features of a human being with the ability to analyze the situation and make conclusions. The availability of relevant and credible data is one of the basic demands for the stable functioning of the technology and the absence of critical mistakes (Moroney, 2020). Another vital characteristic of artificial intelligence is the ability to rationalize and offer strategies having the best chances of achieving the existing goal (Moroney, 2020). It helps companies to acquire a competitive advantage and avoid failures because of better planning and strategic analysis. AI is closely linked with another concept that becomes fundamental today. Machine learning is a case of using AI to provide systems with a chance to automatically learn and evolve using the new experience generated during previous decision-making sessions (Shapiro, 2020). It does not presuppose additional programming or any other interferences, as AI with machine learning is capable of collecting and accessing data, its analysis, and structuring, which helps to improve future solutions and avoid mistakes. The benefits of machine learning include the increased autonomy, fast development, and applicability to various cases and environments (Shapiro, 2020). Under these conditions, AI acquires the chance to carry on complex and human-like tasks, which offers a wide variety of options for its further implementation. Regarding the audit sphere, using AI is nowadays one of the trends leading to improved performance and better results. In such a way, the fast spread of the technology and increased attention to it can be explained by the applicability and the opportunity to generate additional benefits. AI is viewed as the alternati
Kenneth ray Rodgers popularly known as Kenny Rodgers is an iconic country musician born in 1938 in Houston, Texas. He began his music career in a band, “The Scholars,” which he later broke off. In six decades of his career, Kenny managed to release songs that won Grammy awards, songs that became international hits, and songs that made him get nominated for many awards, including the American Music Awards. In 1977, “Lucille” was released on the album “Kenny Rodgers.” The song became the number one solo on the billboard country singles chart. “Lucille” became an international hit topping the UK singles chart and top five on the billboard hot 100 (“Kenny Rogers”, 2021). Due to the massive sale on Lucille, the album Kenny Rodgers won him his first Grammy award for the Best Country Vocal Performance for the male category. The song established Kenny Rodgers in the country-pop music career. Kenny Rodgers released his sixth album, “The Gambler,” which consisted of the major hit song The Gambler. The gambler was initially written and recorded by Don Schlitz, but Kenny released a country version that topped the Billboard charts. The song got international appreciation making him one of the most successful artists in the 1970s (“Kenny Rogers”, 2021). Apart from international recognition, he won his second Grammy award in the song of the Year category (“‘The Gambler”, 2021). The gambler would continue selling even after his death becoming top in the Billboards Digital song sales charts. The gambler was also adopted by the England rugby team as their anthem in 2007 at the rugby world cup, making it a hit in the UK. Furthermore, the Houston gamblers from his hometown were named after this song. Rodgers also featured in the campaign USA for Africa to support those affected by drought in Africa in 1985. In 1986, Rogers won the President’s Merit Awards at the 29th annual Grammy awards. Two years later, he won a Grammy award for Best Country Collaborations with Vocals together with Ronnie Milsap for their collabo “Make No Mistake, She’s Mine.” His first hit single, “That Crazy Feeling,” was recorded in 1958 for the Carlton label. Focusing on country music, Rodgers released a solo, “Love Lifted Me,” which became a top 20 country hit in 1975, putting him on the country music chart. The Gambler’s album, “She Believes in Me,” became a hit on pop song charting in pop charts. The song contributed to his expansion in the music genre. In 2018 the Gambler was selected for preservation in the National Recording Registry by the Library Congress. Due to its immense triumph, Rodgers released a series, Kenny Rodgers, as the Gambler, which received an Eddie award and two Emmy awards nominations. In 1979 he released his eighth album “Kenny” which featured bestselling “Coward of The Country’ and “You Decorated my Life” (“Kenny Rogers”, 2021). The album led i
Introduction Since the eighteenth century, the capability of prisons to serve its main purpose of reforming and re-integrating offenders has been put under scrutiny. Starting from Howard’s study in the eighteenth century, prisons have been found to be no more effective than other intermediate sanctions like community service. Recently, more studies have been conducted and the same conclusion has been confirmed. With several works portraying the negative aspects of imprisonment, including Sykes study on the pains of prison, many of the stakeholders have reconsidered their imprisonment decisions to other alternatives. Of these alternatives, community service has been one of the most employed and therefore opened a room for debates with the proponents feeling that the option is a remedy to all the prison problems while the opponents feeling that community service is not the way out. To this extend, this paper will outline the advantages and disadvantages of community service as an alternative to imprisonment and therefore show whether the government should go ahead with encouraging the move or revert to the old tradition of imprisonment. According to Walgrave (1994), community service, “means all tasks accomplished for the benefit of a public or private social institution, as a compensation for the transgression of a rule imposed on an offender by a judicial institution.” In 1966, the State of California started this form of punishment and it was meant only for traffic offenders and later spread to other white-collar offenders. Although some people view this as a measure that is not punitive, some scholars argue that this form of punishment acts as a means by which offenders are made to atone for their wrongdoing while the community benefits from the service offered by the offender (Conrad 1990). Advantages of Community Service Statistics have shown that community service leads to positive behavior after the sentence. Through these statistics, a conclusion can be made that the more the offender is engaged in community participation, the more the chances that he will not recidivate. As Wilkinson (2000) found out in his research study, the rate of recidivism for individuals who we
With regard to the issue of globalization, there have been a number of metaphors that have been used to describe this important phenomenon (Adams 29-32). Thomas Friedman is probably the most popular and maybe the most authoritative author on globalization, especially with his bestselling book, The world is flat. Thomas Friedman uses his own life experiences to try and capture the mind of the reader, and direct the reader towards understanding how recent and even past events have led to globalization. Tabbi disagrees with Thomas Friedman’s use of metaphors, although he does not really disagree with the underlying issues. These two authors while approaching a problem from different points of view, are able to communicate the same message to the reader. Tabbi, instead of subscribing to the use of cheap metaphors, prefers to look at things from a scientific point of view. In his review of Thomas Friedman’s book, he points out that the metaphors that Thomas Friedman uses, are not only inaccurate and cheap, but also backward. He points out to the claim that the world is flat, just because it is easier for people to easily interact with each other across the planet, and argues that this is actually contradicting one’s self. This is because a round (spherical) world would be more interconnected than a flat one because on a spherical world, the two furthest points from each other are the closest to each other. Tabbi faults Thomas Friedman by saying that his use of cheap metaphors is a clear indication of the American tradition and culture of hearsay, where anyone’s words can be believed and his word taken at face value as long as “they say it confidently enough”. This argument by Tabbi is quite true to some extent. A look into Thomas Friedman’s work does reveal an easy-going way of describing things, and coming up with theories that are not well researched and backed by scientific evidence. As Tabbi says, it is not enough to take a couple of technological and economic developments that have happened in the past and attribute them to globalization. Thomas Friedman is seen to do this in a very easy-going way, without showing any scientific proof. Both Tabbi and Thomas Friedman are addressing the same issue, but they disagree not only on the way to discuss this, but also on how globalization arrived here. Tabbi, who doesn’t shy away from using a four-letter word in his literature, argues that Thomas Friedman does not even understand what he says, and actually says that Friedman is only brilliant at being stupid. The main point of conflict is that Friedman probably writes his literature to reach the layman, who may not ha
Introduction Organisations deploy promotion as a technique of moving their products and services into the market. Technically, promotion refers to “the advancement of a product, idea, or point of view through publicity and or advertising” (Kurtz 2010, p.13). It has the repercussion of increasing demand of the products and hence the sale volume (Slater & Olson 2001, p.1055: Narasimhan 1990, p.243). This paper proposes a project entangling conducting a comparative analysis of the promotional techniques that are deployed by Coca-Cola and Red Bull to promote their energy drinks. The choice of this area of research is influenced by the revelation that both companies are ideally engaging in competitive promotional techniques. For instance, Coca Cola has resulted to creating awareness of its large pool of products through sports promotions such as the sponsoring of Olympics games. Much similar to this strategy, Red Bull considers and has committed a large portion of its profits in the past in sponsoring sporting activities that cause hefty amusements such as acrobatic and street skateboarding shows and others. Red bull is also a leading sponsor of formula 1 competition while Coca-Cola is also considering sponsoring the same competitions (Sylt 2012, Para. 3). With this competition in promotional techniques deployed by both companies to push their energy drinks into the market in mind, the main question to be answered by the proposed research project is how effective these techniques are in terms of enabling both companies to capture and retain their market shares for their energy drinks. Aims and objectives The objectives of the research are to  1. Analyze comparatively the promotional techniques that are deployed by both Red Bull and Coca-Cola to win markets share for their energy drinks globally.  2. Use the information acquired from the analysis to explain the success of both Red Bull and Coca-Cola in placing and positioning their energy drinks products in a manner that out powers their competitors.  3. However, the main aim of the project is to recommend stronger promotional strategic idea to Coca Cola’s ‘Relentless’ as a good competitor in the market, as Relentless is far away from Red Bull’s promotional strategies Literature Review Various forms of competition have prompted myriads of organisations that are aiming at being globally competitive to seek new methods of marketing their products (Freimer & Horsky 2008, p.799). “Competitive advantage is secured through an intelligent identification and satisfaction of customers’ needs better than competitors and sustenance of customers’ satisfaction through better customer service tools” (Obasan & Soyebo 2012, p.1). In the attempt to acquire requisite responses from the potential customers, marketers deploy a myriad of tools. These tools are termed as marketing mix. McCarthy (1999) coined and used P’s to describe these marketing mixes in which he argues that the umbrella of the marketing mix comprises the price, promotion, and pro