ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Contemporary animation can transfer various ideas to substantially impress the viewer, manifesting excellent approaches two storytelling. Creating an animated movie that perfectly suits both children and adults can be a considerably challenging endeavor, considering how diverse the themes for these audiences can be. Nevertheless, it is possible to attain a perfect combination of comedy, everyday philosophy, and action to portray the life of the story’s characters in an understandable and exciting manner (Klinowski, 2018). The animation movie Finding Nemo by the director Andrew Stanton is a magnificent example of a film that combines all necessary qualities to provide an unforgettable viewing experience for younger and older audiences. Today I will discuss Finding Nemo as a canon example of Pixar animation studios works that should be viewed by any individual. A distinct characteristic of Pixar’s Finding Nemo is its suitability for the audience of all ages and backgrounds, as it addresses common topics and even incorporates such elements as satire and complicated comedy. From the children’s perspective, this movie is an entertaining story of a father, a clownfish, who is attempting to save his son from humans. Although he struggles considerably and encounters many dangers along the path, he is able to reunite with his son after all the complications have been passed. Such themes as school education, differences of opinion, danger, and being a new member of a community are pertinent topics for children of various ages, who might learn substantial knowledge in an interactive form (Japani et al., 2021). Furthermore, as Nemo is tremendously different from his peers, such subjects as coping and uniqueness, which might be remarkably helpful for building relationships, are also discussed. For adults, Finding Nemo becomes a symbol of resilience and determination. A lone father, without the support of hi
Introduction Death is definite but cannot be specified or identified in the human way of life, even though we do fight with its certainty. Regardless of death’s omnipresence, it is an occurrence conceptualized in another and different manner depending on the culture or characteristic of an orientation that characterizes the thinking of a group or nation. These distinctions are visible due to several cultures act of subjecting to an influencing experience of death in the African perspective, the keeping with the nature of the Bible or its times, the people from the Middle Eastern part of the world, and the contemporary character of the continental islands of the Americas. This paper will be related to the Chinese and their religious belief of death and dying with their analysis of death and the association with the process of passing from life or ceasing to be (Brennan, 2005). The paper will further focus on Chinese mythology, legend, and belief in death and dying. The paper will also describe the ceremonial and ritual sacrifices being practiced by the Chinese about death and dying. As regards the theological perspective and definition of death, it will be observed that death is characterized as the separation of the actuating cause of individual life and body. But as Professor Philip Keane presented an opposition that nobody has perceived by sight or has the power to perceive by the sight that the soul has gone away from the body. This explanation on the topic of death and dying, as reported or stated by another theologian of German origin known as Karl Rahner, who expressed that Professor Philip Keane’s analysis of death falls short in what is expected to point out the distinction from soul factor of the death of any creature. Concerning philosophy and series of assessments, death is characterized as the termination of the integrated regular operation of the human system (soul) which is considered analogous in structure or function to a living body. This dissolution is like the departure of the entire structure of an organism and the actuating cause of an individual life’s characterization and not an apparent description. The prehistoric Chinese assumed that life after death was very comparable to life going on in the abode of mortals (as contrasted with Heaven or Hell). However, working out a prescribed procedure for conducting religious ceremonies served as an approac
In the Book The Great Transformation, Karl Polanyi explores the issues of economic history and social theories. He explores changes in economy and society that appeared under the influence of the “great transformation” during and after the Industrial Revolution. Under his consideration not only the “defects” of the self-regulated markets that appeared after the revolution, but, possible social consequences of capitalism. In this paper we are going to focus on two chapters of this book that deal with the transformation in the process of the Industrial Revolution. The chapters under consideration are “History in the Dear of Social Change” and “Freedom in a Complex Society”. In these chapters, the author addresses the issues of emergence of capitalism and construction of market institutions, as well as explores the notion of freedom of the individual in a complex society. In the chapter “History in the Dear of Social Change” the author addresses the problem of development of market society and self-regulating markets. He analyses his own present and the beginning of the conflict in a “deadlock” which was apprehended in different countries. This process impacted the institutions of democracy which were the bases of the processes of the social protection. In this regard, he evaluates the concepts of racism and its role in the development of the economic society. He mentions that: “The fascist solution of the impasse reached by liberal capitalism can be described as a reform of market economy achieved at the price of the extirpation of all democratic institutions, both in the industrial and in the political realm” (Polanyi n. p.). He also provided the idea that emerging social classes could be the bearers of the social conflicts based on power relations. He described this process as a result of: “The absence of the nineteenth century balance-of-power system, as well as the inability of the world market to absorb Russia’s agricultural produce, forced her reluctantly into the paths of self-sufficiency. Socialism in one country was brought about by the incapacity of market economy to provide a link between all countries; what appeared as Russian autarchy was merely the passing of capitalist internationalism” (Polanyi n. p.). The next chapter explores the issues of freedom in the industrialized society. He provides that in the new economic society, the issue of freedom becomes an institutional problem. According to the author, there are two dimensions of freedom, institutional and moral. He find the moral dimension of freedom more fundamental in the complex society and “the means of maintaining freedom are themselves adulterating and destroying it” (Polanyi n. p.). He provides that division of labor provides limits to the individual freedom and the ones who have low incomes experience lack of freedom. The author argues that: “In an established society, the right to nonconformity must be institutionally protected. The individual must be free to follow his conscience without fear of the powers th
Introduction The concepts of power and sovereignty are very important ones, in that they play fundamental roles not only in the internal governance of countries, but also in terms of a country’s position regarding external threats and challenges. The aspects of self-determination and self –governance form the bulwark of country’s power and sovereignty, not only in relation to its own administration and political setup, but also with regard to foreign affairs and its perspectives on current national or international issues and its contribution to world peace and security. Virtual existence of countries It would not be wrong to state that the very existence of nations could be based upon its power status and sovereignty. Sovereign states are free and independent to make or unmake their own laws. They could build their defences, raise and promote armies and build up of armaments, annex countries if they wish to, although it may be desirable in the present context. Most importantly, power and sovereign states could take steps to protect their borders and secure the country against infiltrators and enemy actions. They could decide which laws need to be introduced and enforced, also which need to be scrapped, keeping the best interests of the country in mind. By far, the most important aspect of power and sovereignty that a country may enjoy may be in terms of the fact that it may not permit any kind of external interferences in the internal affairs of such countries, and could take such steps, as deemed necessary, to protect against intrusions and violations of its internal affairs. There are many aspects of sovereignty and this would depend upon the type of governments ruling in countries- whether parliamentarian, democratic, dictatorship, monarchy, colonial or rule by religious head or institutions. Whatever type of rule a country may be subjected, it is necessary that for proper functioning and administrative implementation, it is necessary that self governance need to enforced in order to keep the government machinery moving and to ensure that the rights of the nation and its people as free citizens of a sovereign state are not compromised in any manner. Essentially there are four types of sovereignty as follows:  1. International sovereignty.  2. Domestic sovereignty.  3. Interdependent sovereignty.  4. Westphalian sovereignty. It is now necessary to consider each of these, individually. International sovereignty This refers to sovereignty of the country, vis-à-vis its neighbours, other states and countries. Many countries in the world were formerly, colonies, which asserted and won their freedom from foreign rules. Once they were independent countries, it became necessary for other countries to accept their freedom and sovereignty and accord them recognition as independent and sovereign states having their own Constitutions and governance. The aspect of international autonomy and self- governance is what other countries bestow to countries, big and small. “Granting former colonies independence and recognizing them as sovereign states, they joined int
Facts Tracey is employed as a salesperson by a renowned company that supplies pharmaceuticals. The region she handles is very vast and thus she uses the company automobile to reach out to the customers. It takes her over 16-19 hours every day and sometimes it is required to be done a couple of times a week. While on such trips, she usually pulls over to a selected area like a rest point to take a brief nap in her automobile. Issue The issue which arises from this fact is the cost of meals Tracy purchased while on her usual rounds deductible? Conclusion No, the cost of meals Tracy purchased while on her usual rounds is not deductible. Analysis According to Section 162, (2) of the Internal Revenue Code, any traveling expense incurred while an employee is away from home is subjected to taxation (Davis, 2011). As per the facts on the table, there is no provision by the company which requires that Tracey rests while executing her duties. This implies that the overnight rule is not applicable in this particular case. In addition to this fact, according to the situation issued, Tracey was not away from her home as Sec. 162(a) (2) fully provides. The Supreme Court seems to have constricted the issue to business trips that only require a brief moment of rest, just like in Tracey’s case. Based on this assumption, this should not be the case. Facts Mark is a captain of a certain boat that ferries tourists on their trip from Seattle to Victoria and back. Every round takes 15-17 hours, with a provision of 6-7 layover hours on arrival in Victoria. It is within this layover moment that Mark takes a 4-hour nap in the ferryboat Issue Is the cost of meals Mark purchased while on his usual rounds deductible? Conclusion Yes, the cost of meals Mark purchased while on his usual rounds is deductible. Analysis Code 162(a) (2) provides rest and sleep as a standard rule which gauges if a taxpayer is “away from home” (Davis, 2011). When applying this to Mark’s case, we come to a conclusion that he is not warranted by his work/employer to be absent from his home overnight. Secondly, Mark’s nature of work requires that he get some sleep when he is far away from his home and when he is released. This rest is necessary for him to be able to properly dispense his duties. This is as per the stipulation that all expenditures by the employee which comprise expenses that are incidental like tips for sleep or rest taking purposes are deductible. Mark can hence deduct his meals expenses that he claimed are between every trip. Facts According to the issue of Ralph and Cindy who own TidyCo. Inc, as per my records, they have a negative accumulated and current E&P, as well as a substantial basis of the stock which amounts to $300,000 (Anonymous, 2009). The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) has revealed that the two have $200,000 of income that is unaccounted for
A brief review of the study The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of situational variables on human behavior. Phillip Zimbardo wanted to know why seemingly good people turn bad. Consequently, one can assert that this was explanatory research. It was exploring a certain social phenomenon i.e. evil behavior. His hypothesis was that people would modify their behavior if situations were manipulated to affect power relations. All explanatory researches tend to dwell on the ‘why’ component rather than the ‘what’. Also, because it was looking at a causal relationship then this testifies to the fact that the experiment was explanatory. Critique of the study in terms of ethical standards In any experiment involving human subjects, researchers are obligated not to harm participants (Cooper & Hogg, 2003). However, this rule was broken when Zimbardo carried out his experiment. Many of the prisoners were harmed both psychologically and physically. What was even worse was that the initiator of the experiment kept watching as these things going on in the prison. Participants in any research need to be told about all the possible occurrences in the study through a consent form. Zimbardo deceived his participants because he did not tell them about all that would take place in the study. He conducted surprise arrests and did not inform them about all the harsh treatment they would go through in the research. Research subjects have a right to privacy but Zimbardo did not obey this code since some of them were stripped off their clothes removed as punishment in the mock prison. The research environment was supposed to be safe but it turned out not to be. In the APA code of ethics, researchers are obligated to abide by the principles of justice, autonomy and beneficence (Cooper & Hogg, 2003). Beneficence implies keeping the harm at the lowest possible levels and increasing benefits to the greatest possible levels. Clearly, this code was violated. Autonomy implies respecting individuals and as stated earlier, privacy and common decency were overstepped in the prison. Beating the prisoners was something that violated both autonomy and beneficence. Justice means giving people their due. In the Stanford prison experiment, all ‘prisoners’ were actually innocent people who did not deserve to have chains put around their ankles or be treated inhumanely so the principles of justice had been long forgotten. Opinion about the study This study is seriously flawed because it was unethically done. All psychological research must adhere to the strictest ethical standards. Deception, torture of subjects and ill-treatment should never form a part of any experimental work. Generalizability of the study The Stanford prison experiment cannot be replicated because Zimbardo did not have a control group (Cooper & Hogg, 2003). What’s more, he had a relatively small number of participants i.e. 24. Even the manner in which these particip
Introduction People are usually faced with difficult situations that require critical thinking before any action is taken. Sometimes human beings develop various reasons to justify their actions in order to suit various situations. However, people do not always put to consideration ethical decision making aspects and this jeopardizes the value of their actions. It is known world over that most people apply the principle of the end justifying the means at the expense of other factors (Curtler 2004). In this situations people are confronted with two situations that are not as easy as most of them think they are. This coursework is about ethical decision making regarding an iPod found lying in a classroom. Participants Involved It is very important to think and anticipate who will be affected if the student decides to keep the iPod and not tell anyone about it. In this situation the first person to be affected will be the owner of the iPod who will suffer financial and emotional loss when he or she discovers the missing item from his backpack. The second person to be affected will be the person who bought the item (parent or close friend who offered it as a gift to the owner). Other participants include the person who found the item and the one sitting close to him. The teacher on duty and the one in class should also be involved in locating the owner of the item Factors to Consider Before Making a Decision An iPod left lying on the class room floor is a sure indication that it was dropped by someone who was hurrying to attend another class or get home early. The fact that the iPod is in a good working condition means that it was useful to the owner. The first thing that should come to an individual’s mind is
Introduction Reliability and Validity Every research carried out should be tested for reliability and validity. Reliability is defined as the extent to which a given or taken measure will give reliable results. Three different reliability tests can be taken on research. They include; test-retest reliability, alternative forms reliability, and internal consistency reliability. The test-retest reliability is used to test whether the research results are similar if the same research is carried out under similar conditions. Pearson coefficient is used to assess the stability of the repeated measures. In alternative form reliability, repeated results from research carried out using different forms are tested to see the similarity of the results. Finally, the internal consistency reliability is used to test how an individual measure is converted into a composite measure. This type of reliability test can be assessed by applying correlation performance on the two halves of a test. When carrying out research, one can increase reliability by increasing the size of the sample. An example of reliability is seen when measuring the weight of an individual where one believes that the weighing machine gives the same value each time the person steps on it. Validity in research is used to test whether the research carried out has measured what it was intended to. There are five types of validation tests, which can be done on research. They include content validation, criterion validation, construct validation, internal validation, and external validation. Content validation is used to check how the research contents relate to the variables that are going to be studied. It seeks to answer questions on how well the research questions are representative of the research variables. Criterion validation is used to test if the research criterion being used is relative to other criteria. Construct validation is used to test for the underlying constructs that are being measured. It tests for convergent validity, discriminant validity, and nomological validity. Internal validation is used mostly in primary research designs and is used to check for the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. External validation is used to check if the results obtained from experimental research can be generalized. An example of validity is seen in a study where a researcher measuring whether leisure activities have an adverse effect on the performance of secondary school students conducts a survey to determine how many undergraduates drive on their way to school and then comes up with a correlation between the two. Validity is used to imply reliability. This is because a valid measure must always be reliable. On the other hand, reliability does not always mean the same as validity because a reliable me
It is recommended that before one conducts any form of transaction on the internet, they should take caution and confirm the reliability of a website. Most people have fallen victims to scams on the internet by registering with websites whose legality is not known. The first thing that justifies the reliability of a web site is the availability of detailed information concerning the person or the organization that created the website (Shelly, Napier, & Rivers, 2009). Websites that are associated with the government normally have their domain names marked (gov) and the ones related to education are marked (edu) on their path lines. Although the domain name does not guarantee reliability, these sites are most likely to be genuine. More and more people continue to fall into the hands of online scams regardless of whether they have been using the internet for a long time or they are just beginners. The crooks on the other hand are very smart to place very catchy ideas because they are well informed about the needs of the people. These commercials mainly target the unemployed because they know there are so many job seekers all over the world and they would do anything just to secure themselves a job. Users should check to establish if there is information concerning the owner of the web site that clearly explains the mission of the owner in publishing his website. This information is very relevant in improving rating a website. There should be contact information, for instance, the telephone number of the people who are in charge of the organization. Another important thing to look for is whether the available information has been updated recently (Stanford Persuasive Technology Lab, 2004). Genuine websites are usually updated regularly. Users should also check to see if the other web sites hosted by that site are within reach. Users should be careful when dealing with web sites that are meant for revenue generation. There are so many criminals on the internet hence people should be careful when giving out private information such as passwords and email addresses. Internet hackers are well acquainted in computer technology and they may buy time to install computer programs that are used to monitor their victim’s activities. It is also advisable to cross-check the content of a website. A reliable website should include the resources of its creation that includes the hosts of that website. A web page