ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The entire infrastructure of people’s culture/civilization/society is comprised of a socialization process. This process is interwoven with personal impressions, ideas, emotions and prejudices as ideologies. Inherited norms, customs, and ideologies are vital components that comprise the socialization process. Such a process equips an individual with the necessary skills needed to function in their society and thereby insures social and cultural continuity or permanence (Clausen, 5). Key to the socialization process is the family unit which is the cornerstone and basic/indelible institution of any civilization. Through the family unit, in particular the nuclear family unit (a biologically related family comprised of a father, mother, and children who dwell in one household) the above mentioned components are taught. How has the socialization process via the family unit been reflected in the artistic component of culture? It is mirrored simply through mass media entertainment (film/cinema, radio, television, etc.) whose influence and proliferation has been phenomenal. Technological expediency made it an unequaled facet of entertainment in the 20 th century and cultural measuring rod. A cadre of distinguished and thought provoking films has depicted the family unit and its dynamics with Kramer vs. Kramer among them. The 1979 American film version of Avery Corman’s novel of the same, Kramer vs. Kramer was a directed by the prolific director/screenwriter Robert Benton and stared Dustin Hoffman, Meryl Streep, Jane Alexander, film legend Howard Duff and newcomer/child star, Justin Henry. The film chronicles the separation and eventual divorce of Ted (Hoffman) and Joanna Kramer and its impact on them as well as their son, Billy (Henry). A workaholic advertising executive, Ted has become mentally estranged from his family compelling Joanna, a stay at home mother who feels she has lost her sense of self, to leave. Catapulted into single parenthood, Ted struggles to relate and connect with Billy. Thru time and with the help of his neighbor/ kindred spirit Margaret (Alexander), another single parent, they cope and eventually bond. Joanna returns for Billy and an emotional/heart wrenching custody battle ensues with Ted being represented by hardcore attorney John Shaunessy (Duff). Under the premise that a mother is best fit to raise a child, the court awards custody to Joanna. In the end Joanna sincerely comes to the realization that it is better for Billy to remain with Ted. Kramer vs. Kramer was indicative of the social reality of the 70’s and 80’s which saw a dramatic shift in attitudes about parenthood. Although a mother physically births a child, both parents are involved in th
Introduction In modern stormy environment of organizations, change is becoming a core issue of business practices because the long term goals of the organization have to be redesigned every now and then. As a leader in this organization, I have a role to play in the process of driving transformation. As an organization, we do not necessarily have to possess all of the positive attributes but we can use the little positive attributes and resources that we have to steer UN into great heights. This organization must be willing to adapt its structures if it is to meet its objectives in service delivery. The Need for Transformation in the UN The UN’s mission, vision, and goals are not adequately articulated. An organization should be in position to understand its internal capabilities in a proper way so as to communicate vision and mission to its workers (Wilson 12). There has been laxity in adoption to change in many aspects of UN’s leadership skills, training programs, and capacity building which has in turn affected the organization’s goals and strategies. It is the role of the top management within UN to set goals and strategies to effect change. This can easily be done through the successful historical goal setting process. The UN has unrealized past goals and poor communication within the lower ranks management, and a demonstrated lack of commitment from the top management all of which are hindering the change process. In many organizations in the recent past, goal setting has become an important part of agenda-building process in the walk towards organizational change. Thinking about change, UN should lay emphasis on decisions about formal structures, processes, systems, roles and relationships. In transforming the organization’s mission and strategy, the organization’s form, charters, hierarchical ranks, specialization of jobs, training and other educational programs, centralization degree, delegation, and participation (Wilson 13). The success of UN transformation will depend on the extent of the aspects of its system – its formal structure, information flows, reward and the recruitment process help in
Introduction The War of 1812 was instigated by the agitation of the Americans due to the dissatisfaction with the British government. One cannot say precisely that any of these sides succeeded in the end, but great domestic gains were vivid throughout the whole country. The purpose of this essay is to highlight how the events during the War helped to move the American economy in new directions after peace had been restored. Changes spurred by the war ranged from economic changes to large investments, building a stable defense force (Berkin et al 200-250). Permanent army The period of War was a hard time for America and Americans since at that time it lacked a strong army and navy. The all-volunteer army was not good enough; what is more, the soldiers had to make their own weapons, in other words, the weapons were handmade. When the War ended up, lack of weapon was the main reason for the government to set up a permanent standing army which was armed to its full; soldiers had their own uniforms, and they were provided with other necessities essential for the military. President Madison wanted to ensure that there was tight security by increasing the naval forces and erecting fortifications all around America. In the long run, this army matured to be one of the strongest armies in the world. What is more, stable security provided a suitable environment for the economic growth (Berkin et al 200-300). Establishment of the National Bank. The lack of existence of the Central Bank in the country was a big problem for the U.S. government as it had no possibility to borrow money or transfer currency across the country. After the War in 1816, the Bank of the United States (B.U.S) was chartered by the congress. It was used as a depository of government funds; the bank was to handle the government’s banking business for free. The bank had a larger financial standing than the previous Hamilton’s bank used by the government earlier (Conlin 250-300). Good Infrastructure The War called for the need of provision of good and regular transport and goods which led to a rapid and huge construction of roads and canals across the country. The war urged the construction of the Erie Canal project, which was built to promote business by cutting the cost of manufactured shipping goo
Introduction The monetary easing that the fed has been implementing for some time now is seen to bear fruits. People are wondering whether the impressing report from the job market of January will actually prevent the Fed from implementing monetary expansion. Ben Bernanke, the Fed chairman, agreed there were some improvements though he was cautious that many of the same reports across the economy were to be received for them to back off. ” We would have to get more and better reports like this one to take that option off the table”, he said. Unemployment and inflation are to be put on check, at least for the time being. “The problem, as I see it, has been that policy has not been loose enough to clear labour markets, mostly because it’s hard to move the policy rate down to the market-clearing real interest rate when the market-clearing real interest rate is negative”, the author stated. Analysis The article is about monetary policy and its effectiveness to the economy where it is applied. It touches on macroeconomic issues which involve: inflation, unemployment, interest rates, economic development and income distribution. Monetary policy includes activities by the government, central bank or the monetary authority of a country to regulate the supply of money to the economy and interest rates to achieve stability and economic growth. In order to achieve its targets the monetary policy uses various mechanisms which include the open market operations, reserve requirements
Introduction Speech development disorders are common problems or difficulties people have when communicating. They are grouped into two broad types namely: Congenital and acquired. Congenital disorders normally are present from birth meaning that a child is born with it. In most cases, mothers who have problems during the delivery process do have children suffering from speech disorders. On the other hand, acquired disorders are got during the stages of development of an individual. Acquired language impairment can be a result of stroke, head injury, or illness. The brain normally does speech development. It is the brain that decides what message to be passed, how to send it by sending a series of signals to the speech muscles telling them what to do. After the muscles have received the signals from the brain then they will act in a coordinated pattern to produce the intended sounds. During this process, many things can go wrong. For example, there can be problems of articulation, the production of speech sound. Speech therapy, therefore, is very important simply because if proper intervention measures are not taken then those affected will continue making speech errors even up to the time, they become adults. Background Information The development of language disorder is a common problem affecting most children in our society. As I write this paper I have full experience on the causes and types of language disorders that most people especially children suffer from. Currently, I study special education in schools where those with hearing impairment and language difficulties are helped. However, I will not talk about the education Assessment criteria for
In many countries, epidemiological research is used by stakeholders in the health industry to undertake scientific studies of disease patterns or incidences among populations, communities, and societies in time and space (Blumenthal, Fleisher, Esrey, & Peasey, 2013). Research shows that epidemiological studies are faced with multiple challenges due to several reasons underscoring the poor replicability or duplication of these studies, some of which include inconsistent phenotypic descriptions, use of unrepresentative sample sizes, and interethnic variability (Grover, Gupta, & Kukreti, 2011). The main focus of the present paper is to explicate the three foremost challenges of conducting epidemiological studies in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). One of the main challenges of conducting epidemiological studies in the UAE stems from what is commonly referred to as interethnic variability, or the differences that exist between members of diverse ethnic groups. Here, research is consistent that the UAE “is a rapidly developing country composed of a multinational population with varying educational backgrounds, religious beliefs and cultural practices, which pose a challenge for population-based public health strategies” (Loney et al., 2013, p. 34). Since ethnic differences are often described at the phenotypic and genetic levels, it is possible for epidemiological studies conducted in the country to fail in coming up with objective findings on disease incidence and/or prevalence because the UAE population is ethnically, culturally, religiously and genetically diverse. As such, there is no uniformity on how such a population is affected by public heal
Sales and Marketing There should be inclusion of efficient steering and controlled implementation of real-time information which can assist in relaying timely information from various market segments. Targeting and positioning of Hotel Tempus are based on workable strategies dependent on the nature of market segment. Corporate market segment seems to have the highest paying capacity, hence contributing the largest share of total revenue collection. The efforts taken should be focused on two subsets, namely, Non-Negotiated Territory Accounts and Negotiated National Accounts, which can enable maximum contribution to the revenue during weekdays. Location of Hotel Tempus within strategic regional towns gives it advantage over other competitors in attracting leisure groups, especially during weekends. Hotel Tempus can use long-stay segment to cater for the gap created by corporates during weekends. Field sales team would assist in identifying potential customers within this segment. Building of good and large conference hall within hotel’s premises would enable Hotel Tempus to charge its guests in attendance as well as those utilizing its accommodation facilities a premium price for its services. Premium can as well be charged within the events segment based on Hotel Tempus brand value and domestic recognition. Target market will be extended to encompass married couples with affluent backgrounds. Such a strategy would include those from mid-western countries, who always enjoy new dining experiences, entertainment and shopping. In running an international business, management is always recognized as a complex operation, which basically requires understanding of both the theoretical and the practical aspects, to operate it successfully. One of the marketing strategies that managers would use to remain relevant and competitive within the industry is technology and ‘servicescape’ they establish with intention to appeal to their customers. Research demonstrates that the level to which hotel venture is able to retain its customers, while coming up with ways of attracting new ones, directly influences performance and profitability of the venture. Equally, there exists compelling evidence that customer perceptions, emotions and feelings of particular new technology establishment will directly influence the relationship which develops between customers and organizations. But while there is a wide body of research on these variables and their effects on customer retention and loyalty, few, if any, studies have purposely dealt with branding serves as core variable within such settings; and the outcomes obtained will be used to elici
Introduction There is a widespread thesis by Huntington that defines the conflict in the world today as the clash of civilizations. This conflict goes beyond social classes and economic groups (Huntington p.28). It is a cultural conflict between two civilizations that share different ideologies. The 21 st century has seen a surge of violent ethnic clashes, especially in the Islamic nations of the East. In the eyes of the democratic western world, the violence is directly attributed to the oppressive political systems of the East. The conflict has now shifted to a raging clash between the Christian West and the Islamic East, especially after the September 11 attack on the United States. The assumption of many is that the conflict between the West and the East is political. The Islamic East is fighting off the efforts of the West to convert them into democratic states. On the contrary, you would be surprised to learn that even among the western countries, there are many similar views on democracy similar to the ones that are held by the Islamic East. These countries disagree on the basis of politics. Therefore, there has to be something else that fuels the conflict between the East and West. From my analytical point of view, I agree with experts who trace the cause of this conflict to cultural differences between the two civilizations. Eastern Islamic countries are by far the most conservative people in the world today. On the contrary, the western world claims to share the most liberal ideologies. A cultural gap ensues that ultimatum leads to conflict. Western colonization and Islam The western colonization of the East in the 18 th and 19 th centuries left a series of mixed reactions amongst the Islam colonies. The West brought with it ideologies such as modern education, democratic government, and Christian religion. This western experience became an eye opener for the Muslim community. There was a general consensus that the West had come to water down their Islam identity. Therefore, there was the need to redefine the role of the Islam faith in the modern community. While all Muslims denounced western culture, some supported the idea of developing Islam alternatives to western culture. Others supported total Islamization without traces of the western influence. To the West, islamization is the main bone of contention with the East, claiming there is no democracy in Islam. For the East, the issue is not about democracy or lack of it, but about the cultural differences between the two groups (Aslan 12). Religious differences Religion has a deeper impact on culture than it may seem to be at first glance. This is the main source of conflict between Muslims and Christians. For example, Islam allows polygamy up to a fourth wife. For Muslims, it is an acceptable culture. For the Christians, polygamy is condemned. In fact, the Western people view the Muslim practice as oppression to women (Landscheidt and Wollny 1). The western social values give women more freedom. For instance, they allow gender equality and sexual liberalization. They prove to be more tolerant when it comes to educating women,
It is both a privilege and honor to stand before you today. We all have many different views on life, but even in our very own diversions and beliefs, we come to one simple agreement that life is not only a mystery, but also a divine and precious commodity given to each one of us for a purpose that we live trying to comprehend and realize. Our presence here today is a proof of the sanctity and preciousness of life. We have witnessed catastrophes that took away the lives of so many people but there will but none of them has taken away so many innocent lives as aborting has. It is both sad and shameful to see how much we have downgraded our humanity by highly upgrading catastrophic inhuman acts such as abortion. We have trampled and squandered our kindness by allowing the governments of the day to give a green light to an act of murder. By agreeing that abortion is not a crime, we all silently and unconsciously became companions in murder. Have you ever stopped for a moment and asked yourself, “what if my mother aborted me?” If you have never done it, kindly take a moment and imagine yourself pondered and forced into the world of the dead long before breathing in the fresh air of this wonderful world of the living. Abortion is a crime. The fact that life begins with conception is an absolute fact in this topic. In a thorough survey regarding the issue of abortion, National Centre for Health established that there are approximately one
Case management has a vital role in addiction treatment as it helps to adopt a holistic approach and empower the client. According to the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS, 2004), “substance abusers have better treatment outcomes if their other problems are addressed concurrently” (pp.1-2). Case management aims at planning and coordinating health and social services to meet the individualized needs of addicts (HHS, 2004). In other words, case managers guide their clients to help them acquire the resources needed to ensure the best outcomes. In Florida, there are numerous programs funded by the state. First, there are state-funded treatment programs available in the Agency for Community Treatment Services in Tampa, FL. The program provides drug and alcohol addiction treatment and takes clients on opioid medication (“Agency for Community Treatment Services,” n.d.). The program utilizes cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), a twelve-step approach, and many methodologies (“Agency for Community Treatment Services,” n.d.). The program provides numerous services, including case management, employment counseling, self-help support groups, and screenings for various disorders. Second, there is a similar program in Miami, FL, provided by Banyan Health Systems. While the program has the same primary focus, it differs in terms of adopted methodologies, types of treatments, and provided services. The program provides drug and alcohol addiction treatment, relapse prevention for alcohol, anti-alcohol medication, psychiatric disorder medications, an opioid blocker (“Banyan Health Systems,” n.d.). In addition to the services provided by Agency for Community Treatment Services, Banyan Health Systems offers family therapy and hepatitis A, B, and C education counseling or support (“Banyan Health Systems,” n.d.). All the services may be obtained for free only if clients qualify for the state programs. There are certain legal requirements these programs should meet in order to be approved by the state. All clients are to be defended from malpractice, which usually comes from the situations when patients feel the provider was discourteous and did not take time with the patient to listen or explain. Case managers and other providers of the program are required to link to relevant and effective service while monitoring, connecting, and synchronizing all these services (Monchick, Scheyett, & Pfeifer, 2006). Moreover, the programs are to operate only if the informed consent is signed. Additionally, all the obtained information should be handled with care to protect clients’ confidentiality. In summary, the programs should adhere to both federal and state legal standards. Case managers of these programs should also comply with the NAADAC Code of Ethics. Case managers are to ensure effective and efficient relationships with the client by providing beneficial services and accurate and complete information (NAADAC, 2016). Case managers should also acknowledge the individual’s personal and cultural background w