ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Almost every one bargains in his life at different stages. Negotiations have become very common and every one wants to buy high quality product at low cost. Experienced people know how to bargain, when to speak, when to ask for bargaining. Negotiations are the relationship between two parties working for their own benefits and needs. Almost every one of us negotiates at times. The word negotiations sound daunting. Anytime we are about to buy something we negotiate. Every one could not do negotiations effectively as there are some steps which make negotiation effective and successful. Traditional issues associated with negotiations are: how much you are going to pay for your desired product, what you would get for your export cherries. Negotiations involve number of people. Negotiation skills include number of things few of them are as follows: well prepared, patient, control on emotions, time pressure, focusing on a problem rather than a solution. Every one do negotiations but negotiation is hard at times. Main body Style makes your personality attractive and impressive. If a person wears big ticket clothes but he doesn’t poses any style he would not be able to attract anyone. According to Hara Estroff Marano there is an immense spread between style and fashion. Style expresses relationship to you and fashion lies in clothes. The eminence between both could not be more revealing. Style doesn’t require pricy clothes it requires creativity and courage. With the economy expansion United States ventured on a collective shopping fling. Style doesn’t directly relate to fashion, it belongs to one’s own intention and the way of putting individuals together. Person identity doesn’t rely on fashion; it’s highly based on style. Style is an individual typical way to make him prominent among others. It’s true that style is not a matter of life and death but style plays pivotal role in developing individuals’ personality. According to Anne Hollander clothes gives an ocular view aspect to awareness itself. Wardrobe is a person’s visual vocabulary and style is a classifiable conduct of speech. Self awareness and self knowledge has of great significance in developing one’s style. A person could not develop a style until one has articulated himself. Style doesn’t require investment, money and pricy products. It requires security and relaxes feeling mentally and physically. Style makes individual perso
Author’s Introduction Andre Dubus, born August 1936, was the oldest child of a Cajun – Irish Family, residing in Lake Charles – California. Andre Dubus is the author of the short story “Killings” published in the year 1979; this short story was converted to a film in the year 2001 – a Todd Fields Direction. Author’s Personal Life and tragedy During his life, Andre Dubus was a victim of many personal tragedies. Firstly his sister was raped as a young woman and this instance resulted in the fact that Andre Dubus would carry a firearm to shoot if the case called for the defense. But this ended when in a drunken stupor he nearly shot a man outside a bar. Then he was a victim of a car crash that cost him the use of his legs. It was to pay his medical bills that his friends encouraged and promoted a special literary benefit, where he got to coach young readers and published short stories and essays alike. Introduction to the Book Andre Dubus got his short story “Killings” published in the year 1979. This story depicts a normal family consisting of a wife Ruth Fowler, a husband Matt Fowler, and an 18-year-old son Frank (Meyer, 2001). The entire story revolves around this small family residing in the calm settings of Rockland – Maine. The Feature Film This short story was given a chance for a feature film in the year 2001 (Field, 2002). The feature, “In the Bedroom” won many Academy Awards and was nominated for countless others. The Plot The 18-Year-old son Frank Fowler falls in love with Natalie a young married woman (Older than him, however), and they have a passionate affair and become lovers. However, Natalie’s husband Richard has a history of violence. And following a confrontation, Frank Fowler, Natalie’s young lover, and Matt and Ruth’s son is murdered by an estranged and violent husband. This thrust the incomplete Fowler family into throes of grief and agony. The Aftermath The trial following the murder of Frank Fowler and the ultimate conviction of Richard Strout occurs. However due to the lack of a witness and solid evidence the murderer is let out on bail and the jury is dismissed. The grief that shrouds the soul of Matt Fowler, takes on another form, that of anger and revenge. He then takes to carrying a firearm on his person, with the hope that Richard Strout offering just and an ounce of provocation allows him the chance to pull the trigger and kill the murderer of his only son. Cry for Justice When reopening the case does little to bring about justice, as the district attorney is unable to prove that Richard Strout is capable of cold-blooded murder. Due to the lack of a direct witness
The Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf brand building The Coffee Bean & Tea Leaf is an American coffee and tea retailer that is operated and owned by the International Coffee & Tea, LLC. It was started in 1963 by Herbert Hyman who wanted to pursue a dedication to excellence and quality in coffee making. Since then, the franchise has grown in leaps and bounds becoming the oldest and the largest privately owned and family run coffee and tea company in the United States and one of the largest businesses of its kind in the world (The Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf, 2012). In accordance with the five steps applied in brand building, according to the Brandz’s Brand Dynamics Pyramid Model, company has managed to achieve organizational goals and success in business. According to this model, the building of company’s brand involves five steps. The implementation of each step depends on and follows the successful accomplishment of the previous step. The first step is presence, which deals with whether the customers know about the product or they are completely unaware of its production and services. The second step is relevance, which deals with whether the product offers value to the customers or they consider it of no use to them. The third step is about performance where the main concern is if the product can be delivered. The fourth step involves advantage, which means considering if the product offers something better than other products provide in the market. The last step is bonding which ensures that nothing surpasses the product. The customers that are at the top level are known as bonded consumers. These are consumers who build strong relationships with a certain brand spending more on it than other consumers at low levels. However, since a majority of consumers are found in the lower levels, brand marketers are challenged to develop programs and activities that assist consumers to move up to the next levels (Kotler, Keller, Ang, Leong, & Tan, 2009). The Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf has made numerous efforts to achieve the brand strength using that five-step model. Herbert Hyman started the brand in the United States in 1963, building it on a handcrafted feel and flavour by blending and roastin
Introduction In recent decades, the Toyota Production System has garnered significant popularity among managers from different business domains. While initially developed for the automotive industry, it was eventually adopted in other industries and applied to both products and services. The following paper evaluates the Toyota Production System by reviewing its core components and approaches and determining their relevance outside the manufacturing sector. Background Early in the course of its development, Toyota Motor Corporation experienced operational flaws in the manufacturing process and a series of drawbacks associated with the quality of its products. Its underperformance was especially apparent in comparison to Western leaders in the industry, such as Ford and General Motors. This discrepancy prompted the company’s management to organize a visit to the United States to implement successful manufacturing practices. However, the visit found little to no improvement in its systems in several decades (Toyota n.d.). While the productivity of the employees was similar, the American system contained several inefficiencies. Based on these observations, a new production system was developed by management in collaboration with the engineering department. The system was primarily oriented toward the reduction of waste and elimination of inconsistencies, and it became the foundation for what is now known as the Toyota Way. Corporate Approach In its current form, the Toyota Production System is determined largely by the company’s corporate approach. By extension, the latter is based on four core components. The first one is its philosophy – a compilation of ideas and values that are used to obtain a general sense of direction and unders
Stress will always affect us whether at home or at work. In order to enhance the performance of employees, the organization has to pay attention to their personal needs. Organizational stress is a reality and the issue has been ignored by those in management of organizations for a very long time (Schermerhorn, 2010). A combination of personal stress and organizational stress can overwhelm an employee and in the process lowering their performance and motivation. Organizational managers have to take note of the changes in the business world and put relevant structures and systems in place. Organizational behavior entails understanding the actions and feelings of people in the entire organizational set-up. When the management of an organization understands its people, it will put in place structures and policies that will cater for both their emotional and physical needs (Schermerhorn, 2010). This paper will look at how modern technology has impacted organizational stress levels. Many organizations are shifting from the traditional ways of working and are employing the use of modern technology in their operations. Although some people argue that technology has its shortcomings, experience has shown that its benefits are immense (Schermerhorn, 2010). Technology plays a vital role in relieving and managing workplace stress. The use of cell phones and the internet has contributed a great way in reducing organizational stress. The internet ensures faster transfer of information cross the company without having to move around. E-business is gaining popularity in many organizations. Through a company website, the organization can market its products and services without spending a lot of resources and by going out. Customers can also order for services and products online. In this way, the marketing logistics are reduced because the marketing department can deal directly with the customers. E-business has contributed in a great way towards the reduction of organizational stress (Schermerhorn, 2010). The organization has a great responsibility of reducing the stress experienced by its employees. Although some organizations have the fear that reducing employee stress can lead to laxity in the company, the fact of the matter is that reduced employee stress maximizes performance. The organization should institute proper communication mechanisms that can inform the employees about organizational plans and strategies because research has shown that knowledge about the changes in the organizations and what is expected of them actually reduces employee stress (Lee, 2008). Supervisors can help in reducing organizational stress by giving employees some control over their work. With training and support, employees will feel motivated and in the process avoid making wrong decisions that would stress them. It is the responsibility of the organization to provide good working conditions by offering the necessary working re
Introduction The studies involving the meaning of consumption symbols as perceived in various cultures have identified that individuals are most influenced by their cultural backgrounds. These studies further argue that consumption symbols are most prevalent among urban settlers where the media plays a significant role in influencing the emotions and preferences of the populations (Aaker, Garolera, & Benet-Martfnez, 2001). In the case of Japan, consumption trends in Tokyo are significantly different from those of other rural areas as seen in the view of aesthetics, which has influenced the shopping experience. This paper examines various literature on consumption in Japan with a focus on symbolic competition. Consumption in Japan The study of consumption provides a way to understanding the sociology of Japan with regard to their diverse culture that distinguishes the population in terms of their shopping patterns and interactions with each other. The context of symbolic competition is most prevalent in the urban setting whereby the features of the community are assessed in terms of the informal networks built on neighborliness. Such local relationships are dependent on internal factors that present individuals with opportunities to interact and the basis for consumption, which develops the networks. Consumption is also affected by internationalization, which influences the preferences of individuals and develops points for the development of strong relationships (Aaker, Garolera, & Benet-Martfnez, 2001) Symbolic competition As mentioned above, consumption is a product of the association between locality and internationalization. This results in diversity between various individuals of a community as is seen in the shopping preferences of various households. This diversity is propelled by a variation in socio-economic status, which gives rise to symbolic competition. The shopping activities of Japanese households are conducted by the women, which implies that the consumption activities are female oriented. While men are involved in the consumption of purchased items, they are not involved in their acquisition, except where the items are expensive, as in the case of land, housing, or technical items, or their own apparel. While Japanese men purchase their clothing by themselves, the women play an active part in searching for apparel that best suites the men through fashion magazines and internet based sources, which emphasizes the significance of shopping in the study of symbolic competition as consumption in Japan (Clamme, 2011). Studies suggest that the shopping patterns for most women, especially the full-time house wives, are structured in that they purchase regular household items from specific stores and at specific times of the day, either on a daily basis or on weekends as in the case of clothing (Clamme, 2011). Studies further suggest that the shopping pattern is geographically boun
Community policing as a concept and a law enforcement approach in the USA emerged in the 1980-s in response to the growing need to engage the general public in cooperation with the police. Such efforts have always been designed to control and prevent crime and maintain public order by implementing community programs. One of such programs, National Night Out, is discussed in the news article by Yancey-Bragg (2020). It vividly demonstrates the particularities of the community policing era in the USA. The program has been implemented continuously since its launching in 1984. It has connected the public and the police in an attempt to “promote positive interactions between residents and law enforcement with block parties, parades and festivals” (Yancey-Bragg, 2020, para. 2). The article represents the community era by describing how the program addresses community-oriented problems. In particular, since the National Night Out gathering was scheduled during the COVID-19 pandemic and the racial unrest across multiple communities impacted, its task was to improve community relations and ensure trust toward police (Yancey-Bragg, 2020). The program tends to improve communication and enhance professionalism to ensure the police’s reliability and trustworthiness in the times of race-based unrest of the public in the USA. Thus, community-oriented problems are being addressed utilizing community policing programs to unify the public and police efforts. National Night Out is a vivid example of a program designed according to the characteristics of the Community Era in the US policing and is held to help resolve current issues, such as COVID-19 pandemic and the unrest due to the Black Lives Matter movement. Such efforts prioritize effective public-police interaction for better problem prevention and solving on a community level. Reference Yancey-Bragg, N. (2020). Scaled down National Night Out continues amid coronavirus, unrest over police brutality . USA Today. Web.
Introduction A seaport refers to a facility that has been constructed to receive ships, as well as to transfer cargo. In order to load or unload ships, seaports are usually equipped with cargo-handling equipment. Within the seaport, there are areas referred to as “dry ports” where containers and bulk cargo are placed, and in most cases the dry port is connected to a given seaport by either the rail or the road. Some seaports do not experience the freezing of water during winter; hence they are referred to as “warm water ports’. These ports are very important when it comes to ocean trade because they can be used the whole year-round. The USA has some of the best seaports in the world, which are considered to be very important to the nation’s economy. Since the USA has the most powerful economy in the world, the nation plays a very vital role in global ocean trade (Dockray, Martin. 2004).The seaports serve as facilities through which commodities reach or leave the country(exports and imports). The US seaports are very important in facilitating the arrival of imports from other countries, and the leaving of commodities from the US to other countries (exports). The seaport industry however is facing some growth and economic problems. The efforts to address these problems have promoted the proposal of administration policies in relation to the US seaport industry. The US seaports play a very critical role in promoting global trade and in the economic development of the nation. In this paper, the importance of the seaports in global trade and US economic growth will be discussed. The port’s capacity and efficiency will also be looked at. Discussion US seaports importance in global trade and US Economic growth The seaports act as facilities that have stimulated great growth of the ocean trade. The US is one of the world’s nations that lead in exports and imports.It has a very huge population which makes it a good market for various commodities and services.Other nations have taken advantage of the nation’s large market, which has encouraged business between them and the US(Kendall, Lane and Buckley, James.2001). Large volumes of goods arrive and leave the US seaports to and from various destinations. This has created so many business opportunities through the ocean trade. Due to this, the seaports have played and continue to play a very vital role in the growth of the global trade through water transportation. The growth of industries in various nations has led to the production of goods in large numbers in order to satisfy the ever increasing market demands. These goods are easily supplied to the people through effective and fast means of transport. The US seaports facilitate the supply of commodities from other nations to the US large market. In addition, commodities from the US industries and companies can be supplied to the foreign markets. This has led to great growth of the global trade. There have been increased investments in the global trade in
Problem 1 Duty of care The constraints regarding the first scenario comprise highly intricate problems. The issues, in this scenario, concern costs, profits, logistics, and criminal consequences. There exists the option of complying with the 45,000 minimum weight limits at the expense of the profits that the company obtains by the 60,000 minimum weights limits. In another perspective, if the company uses the 60, 000 pounds minimum weights limit, it can use the same cost to transport a higher weight. This is a profitable option because the firm enjoys economies of scale. However, the trucks department can employ the 60,000 minimum weights before the trucks reach Pennsylvania and engage other trucks to transport the excess weight across the border. In the first case, in the first problem, the directors face a few possible alternatives. In this situation, a director should make independent decisions. The scope of protection covers employees, such as truck drivers, from any form of harm due to company activities. When truck drivers receive bribes from the company to violate laws concerning weight, the company exposes them to notable risks. First, the company exposes its drivers to the risks of arrests by the Pennsylvanian authorities. This is because the Pennsylvanian laws ascribe incarceration, as a punitive measure, to the breach of minimum weight rules on trucks. The drivers would be caught by authorities and charged with sentences that, consequently, would jeopardize their own lives. There are possible ways to respond to this situation without compromising on the profits of the company. First, the company can set up a warehouse beyond the borders of Pennsylvania. According to this plan, my piece of advice to the company board is to sell some of the larger trucks and replace them with smaller ones. The work of smaller trucks would be to ship smaller quantities of liquidated products to the Pennsylvanian border for loading onto larger trucks. These larger trucks will employ the use of a warehouse that, simultaneously, would serve as a garage for the trucks. This plan would help to save on costs of transport by saving sizeable amounts of fuel that the former large trucks used. In addition, these smaller trucks facilitate faster shipping at minimal fuel. This eliminates the need for bribes and helps maintain safe standards on the quality of liquidated products. This falls under the consumer protection law that requires that customers purchase products that are safe for their health and places where they habit. This choice achieves a double effect of avoiding the contravening of laws as well as ensuring the maintenance of the company’s profits. In the second case, we examine the implications of avoidance of payment of a fine. Since law enforcers work in different places for a limited time, a payment of bribes would chronically a situation of conflicts between the drivers and police officers. It would also be expensive, in the end, to pay ever-changing police officers. In turn, every group of officers, possibly, would come up with stringent standards to meet