ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract The educational change management is often a complex and challenging process. It entails a gradual system-wide modification of an institution’s instructional and management structures. In this regard, a change initiative must involve all stakeholders, such as the teaching staff, administrators, board, and students. In this paper, I propose a change process for a successful implementation of a virtual learning environment to support learning flexibility and meet the diverse needs of the students of King Abu Al Aziz University (KAU). The implementation plan describes the strategies for implementing the change initiative in KAU as well as in other Saudi universities. Overview King Abu Al Aziz University (KAU) is a premier government university in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It has a student population of 13,000 male and female students. KAU operates gender-segregated campuses by Islamic principles. The campuses are equipped with recreational and educational facilities that serve the lecturers and students. In terms of inclusivity, KAU is a pioneer in the provision of educational programs to both male and female students. KAU inaugurated its programs for male and female students in 1968 with a small student population of 68 males and 30 females. Since then, the university has expanded its programs and student population to become a leading academic institution in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In recent years, KAU initiated changes to align its programs with the ‘Education for All Programmes’, a government policy that seeks to enhance inclusivity in the curriculum and keep pace with “constant changes in science and technology” (Al Shaer, 2004, p. 2). The university strives to increase equality in education through an inclusive curriculum and learning environment. Ensuring educational opportunities for all and flexible learning environments are some of the ways institutions can increase public literacy. The ‘Education for All Programmes’ initiative is a policy aimed at achieving greater efficiency and inclusivity in basic and higher education for all. The Saudi Ministry of Education, through the National Forum, drew an education policy to achieve universal basic education by 2015. The aim was to ensure that graduates coming out of universities possess Islamic values and competitive professional skills and knowledge to thrive in the modern work environments. A second aim was to equip both male and female graduates with skills designed to enable them to compete at a global front (CAST, 2010). It is evident that to achieve the goals of the Education for All Programmes, it is necessary to create an educational system with the capacity to function in a way that fosters competitive skills and abilities in all students. The model underlying the Education for All Programmes brings together different aspects of education through a concerted effort involving the government, the private sector, and the education experts. The KAU University staff, of which I am a member, plays a leading role in implementing the goals of the ‘Education for All Programmes’. I intend to implement an online learning environment (OLE) at KAU
One of the things that make human life intriguing and to some extent captivating is the diversity and variation exhibited by various people as a result of their differing cultures and personalities amongst other things. Different people have different beliefs and value systems and I have always been of the opinion that a lot can be learnt from the diverse practices. Through the years, I have had the opportunity to be exposed to various value systems, religions and philosophies. While most of these have only aroused vague curiosity in me, there are those philosophies that I have found appealing and would consider incorporating in my life. The naturalistic philosophy of the Dao De Jing which is a compilation of texts on the Chinese way of thinking also referred to as Taoism is one of the philosophies which I consider adopting. In this paper, I shall review the impact on my values and practices that embracing Taoism shall have on my life. I shall also discuss how this decision will affect my daily living. Having being born and raised in Italy, I have a deep-rooted love and passion for music, painting, and various other artistic works. This deep appreciation has been as a result of experiencing my childhood years in Italy, a country that places much value and appreciation for fine arts. My personal life therefore bears witness to this as can be illustrated by the various ornaments that I adorn and the painting and sculptures that I have in my house. While some of my ornaments are only of sentimental value to me and hold no significant monetary value to speak of, others have a high monetary value and wearing them is more of a status symbol. The Dao De Jing philosophy explicitly asserts that one shall not display objects of desire as this might lead to the disturbance of the hearts of other people (140). For me to embrace these teachings, I shall therefore have to be in sync with the Taoism value of non-materialism which seeks to create a world whereby the jealousy that is inherent in human beings is not evoked. I shall therefore have to rid myself of my art works which I greatly cherish. This will lead to harmony as vices such as theft which spring from coveting will be evaded. In the course of my life, I have had the privilege of residing in a number of countries and interacted with people of various cultures. From this, I have honed my ability as a multilingual and at present, I work at a hospital as a medical interpreter. Most people view me with fascination and are astounded by my various achievements in life. Many a times I find myself awing people with tales of my encounters in various continents and my exploits. According to the Taoist philosophy, one should accomplish his task but not claim credit for it (140). If I am to adopt the practices of Taoism, I shall have to stop taking credit for my accomplishments but rather be content with letting the accomplishments remain in me. We live in a capitalistic world where emphasis is placed on being a notch above the rest. As such, competition is not only encouraged but also greatly rewarded in mo
What Is Philosophy: Introduction Philosophy is the search for knowledge through applying logic and reason. Socrates claimed that such knowledge was obtainable through interaction with the environment. Socrates, particularly, demonstrated that philosophy dealt with exploring subjects, although such exploration seldom created knowledge about the subject. Philosophy Definition: Socrates Plato’s Socratic dialogues convey that philosophy is self-examining, examining other features of existence and acknowledgement of knowledge limits. In the Euthyphro, Plato reveals the nature of philosophy through the dialogues of Socrates as he goes to face the trial against corrupting young men. Socrates asks Euthryphro whether he understands divine things so much that he can accuse his father of doing wicked things (Plato 3). He goes ahead and dares Euthyphro to define pious to him, in order that he would apply it in his defense. Euthyphro replies to him that pious is seeking for justice. Socrates seems unsatisfied with this answer and requests him to describe the specific traits of pious actions. Socrates concern is to find out the specific qualities that lead to an action being pious. In response, Euthyphro argues that pious actions are those that make the gods happy (Plato 5). However, Socrates disputes this definition, noting that the Greek gods were always in conflict. He claims that disputes among the gods resulted from the debates about what was moral or immoral and actions that could please some gods and annoy other gods were both morally right and wrong, as per the definition. This makes Euthyphro to surrender in his efforts of explaining the character of piety to Socrates. He does not offer a concise definition and Plato accomplishes his task of showing that the aspects of piety are unknown. Importance of Philosophy in Life Socrates also demonstrates the significance of this lack of definite knowledge in the Apology, as he describes qualities of wisdom. While defending himself against not having faith in the gods, Socrates puts forward that he has faith in spirituality, and it is thus ridiculous to claim that he does not believe in gods themselves when he believes in their things (Plato 29). Indeed, Socrates spent his entire life trying to come into terms with the words of the oracle at Delphi, that he was the wisest man. Since he did not consider himself wise, Socrates lived in pursuit of finding a person who was wiser than he was. Socrates followed artisans, politicians, and others who considered themselves as wise, but after evaluating them, he discovered that they were not wise, although they were knowledgeable. Socrates described them as skilled men and professionals, but they could not prove their knowledge. This directed Socrates to his philosophical thought that the wisest person is the one who claims to know nothing. By saying so, Socrates meant that we could not claim to know something, unless we can proof our knowledge of what we claim to know. This makes me to think that all matters have a room
An older boy had allegedly abused Ryan sexually on several occasions. Such instances are dramatic and bring about a physical and psychological distress that may affect Ryan`s life in the short run and in the long run. With regards to the case at hand, Ryan is likely to suffer psychologically as a result of trauma and depression. These will have overall effect of reducing his self-esteem (Elam and Kleist, 1999). In normal circumstances, Ryan is expected to suffer from trauma because of the experience that he had. This may affect his ability to live as a normal teenager and adult later on in life. The effects and intensity of the negative experience that he had during the encounters when he was molested are likely to instil fear, anger and rage in him. He may develop a phobia to other childern, a move that will affect his social life as a teenager and as an adult. As a result, there is a high likelihood that Ryan will not be satisfied with his adult life. At the same time, Ryan may suffer from depression and low self-esteem. The events that happened to him will affect him psychologically. This may lead to the development of helplessness attitude in Ryan (Jack, Dutton and Webb, 1995). He may also feel neglected by his family, friends and the entire society. In addition, as a child, accepting and living with the condition might prove to be difficult. Dealing with emotional and psychological distress may lead to the emergence of low self-esteem in Ryan. This may can occur immediately, when he is a teenager or as an adult. As a result, Ryan might have a rough childhood as a result of the event which is likely to haunt him for the rest of his life. Hindrance to Recovery Victims of sexual abuse are expected to recover from the emotional and psychological sufferings that they go through. However, there are some instances where recovery may prove to be futile. In Ryan`s case for example, emotional distress and trauma may lead to the development of powerlessness in him (Wilcox, Richards and O`Keefe, 2004). Once this happens, Ryan will find it difficult to accept and live with the fact that he was sexually abused. Due to this fact, his self-resilience process will be distorted. It will therefore be difficult for him to contain the situation, accept it and keep it in the past. To try to redeem himself from the predicament, Ryan may try to dominate other children by sexually abusing them in a relatively similar manner as he was abused. Individuals do this to relieve themselves from the negative experiences that they have faced in life. However
Falls Prevention Instructions for Older Adults Falls among elderly patients has always been the problem that caregivers have to face as part of the treatment process. These incidents may be caused by several factors, and regardless of where they occur, they are fraught with dangerous health consequences. It is particularly essential to focus on finding relevant strategies to help patients over 60 since, in this age group of the population, any sudden movements can lead to irreversible results. For this purpose, it is required to develop a set of instructions aimed at educating the target audience with the help of a special training program based on recommendations and expert advice. As a justification, it is necessary to apply relevant academic resources so that the intervention could meet the practical standards that are used today to help gerontological patients. It is assumed that the training will allow older patients to take into account those factors that may entail danger, and to consider the proposed advice as a guide to action not only within medical facilities but also beyond them. The relevance of the Issue Considered Falls among the elderly population should not be regarded as a minor problem because even in the case of a one-time incident, it is likely that the patient will not be
Introduction Terrorism is broadly known in the whole and has existed for several years. It can be perceived as a way of making nations or group conscious of some wants that they have to change something by making and destruction.Terrorism can be defined as the illegal usage or threatened application of force by a person or a structured group against property or individuals with the purpose of threatening societies or nations, mostly for realizing some conceptual, economical, and political motives. During the previous years, numerous terrorist groups have come up throughout the world and it has become an international problem. Inappropriately, nations are almost unsuccessful in their efforts to resolve concerns in which terrorism are involved (Short 67). This essay discusses some of the popular causes of terrorism as well as the effects. Causes of terrorism According to various researches, all terrorists’ activities are driven by two things. First is social and political prejudice: individuals opt for terrorism when they attempt to correctwhat they identify to be a societal, political or historically incorrect-when theirproperties or rights have been taken or denied. Secondly is the conviction that viciousness or its hazard would be effectual in bringing change. This expressed in another way means that terrorists believe that their actions justify the consequences. Most terrorists known in history said openly that they opted for violence after extended reflection since they sensed that they had no option. This elucidation of the causes could be complicated to understand appropriately because it sounds very simple, or excessively theoretical. Nevertheless, looking into any kind of terrorist group, these two major elements are quite evident in their stories. Effects of terrorism There are several effects of terrorism that are destructive in the nature. On September 11, 2001, the U.S. government experienced such activity, which can be considered as the greatest terror attack on the country. The effect that this attack had on America was unimaginable. Thousands of people lost their lives. Besides, the attack tremendously impacted negatively on the economy, tourism industry and the overseas society. In addition, it resulted into escalation of unemployment rates. According to statistics, between that period and 2004, unemployment rates in America grew by 2%. The number of individuals who are jobless has increased from six million in the year 2001 to eight million in the 2004. This substantial reduction is because of lack of sufficient f
Introduction Since the 19 th century, Russia and Japan have had turbulent relations based on various issues, with the main one being boundary disputes over a chain of islands that lie between the two states. The South Kuril Islands have been a contentious issue between Japan and Russia from as early as 1855, with each state claiming sovereignty over the islands and the resources therein. Over the years, there have been several attempts to resolve the boundary dispute through peaceful avenues such as treaties and conferences and sometimes, when inevitable, through war, as each state tries to assert its sovereignty. The tag of war has had various effects on both countries, with the most prominent ones affecting the political, social, and economic facets. This paper analyses the boundary dispute, including its history and present status, and how the dispute affects trade between the two countries. It aims at providing statistical support to the facts for a more concise and objective viewpoint. Historical background Trade relations between Japan and Russia face many difficulties. To understand the root of these challenges and the current economic trends between the two states, it is important to analyze the historical background of the relations between the two states. The stalemate by the two countries over the boundaries dispute, which has been active since 1855, affects trade including policies on the mobility of people across the borders, laws that apply to the borders, taxation policies, and market policies for people looking to exploit the potential markets in either country in various ways. The Kuril Islands are a series of islands between Russia and Japan. As aforementioned, there have been controversies over the ownership of the islands since 1855, with both Japan and Russia (then the Soviet Union) laying claim over ownership of the island. The islands include Etorofu Island, Kunashir Island, Shikotan Island, Hobamai Island, and Sakhalin Island, and the latter two lie to the north of Japan and close to the mainland. The Treaty of Shimoda is the earliest known treaty between the two states. Its provisions placed the border between “Etorofu and Uruppu, with the whole of Etorofu belonging to Japan and the rest of the islands north of it belonging to Russia” (Elleman, Nichols & Ouimet, 1999, p.492). However, the treaty overlooked the mentioning of a few islands, thus creating an assumption that they belonged to Japan based on their location. In 1904, there was a war between the two countries, which ended in favor of Japan. In the quest to end the war, “the countries established the treaty of Portsmouth in 1905, by giving half of the Sakhalin Islands to Japan as part of its conditions” (Carlile, 1994, p.419). However, Russia was not pleased
Introduction The construction of buildings consists of various methods of assembly and manipulation of certain features so that a perfect structure is produced. Building systems, therefore, are the interdependent components that comprise a built facility and are divided into five major categories namely; structural system, envelop system, service system, interior system, and site system (Construction Reinvented, 2010). Examples of elements that make up the systems as given above are columns, walling, plumbing, suspended floor slabs, and landscaping respectively. In order for built facilities to be structurally sound, durable, and of a reasonable aesthetic value, there are established rules known as the building codes that are strictly followed in the construction processes. Structural Systems Structural systems are that part of a structure that supports a built facility, carries, and securely transfers the loads to the ground on which it is erected. This occurs below and above the ground level where they are referred to as substructures and superstructures. The structural system plays a very important role in a structural facility and therefore the degree of accuracy is very critical in ensuring that any major risks of failure are kept at bay. Below are examples of components that are critical in construction. Sub-structure Under substructure, there are different structural systems that are employed depending on the size of the building, type of building, use of the building, bearing capacity of the ground, topography among many other factors that have a significant influence on the use and long-term safety of the structure. These factors are put into consideration to ensure the use of the structure remains safe throughout its useful period by eliminating cases of failures such as settlement, cracks, and structural failure. The main purpose of footings and foundations is to transfer loads, resist frost action, and direct loads such as lateral and vertical forces. These elements have wide base areas so that they can safely transfer the dead and live loads of a structure to the soil without causing settlement or movement of building or the soil ( Footings and foundations , 2003). Where there is frost action during the winter, these elements will effectively prevent the structure from movement and at the same time counteract the lateral loads from winds and so on ( Footings and foundations , 2003). For these to be effective, building codes that provide standards for building at different conditions are strictly adhered to. In this case, I cover three elements which are; pad footing, pile foundation, and raft foundation. Pad Footing Pad footing is used to spread out dead and live loads usually transferred to it by a single column or pier to the soil ( Footings and foundations , 2003). Continuous footing is similar to this type of footing with a single exception that pad footing has load transferred to it by a single column or pier which are centrally located on it. Pad footings are usually used in the interior of a building under a column while continuous footings are used at t