ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
While online retailing keeps growing its revenues, online grocery appears to be one of the least successful spheres of online shopping business (Ramus and Nielsen 335). Several companies have managed to achieve considerable success in online grocery business despite numerous challenges it presents. AmazonFresh is one of the examples of organizing a profitable online grocery business. However, it remains a local experiment in Seattle (Martinez par. 5), as certain challenges put a threat to the success of the expansion of the company. The analysis of customers’ perception of problems and needs related to online grocery experience helps to suggest potential solutions to existing problems in the online grocery business. Such solutions are able to provide the sustainability of AmazonFresh. The interviews were conducted to find out which attitudes to online grocery prevail among consumers and what they define as the main problems of such form of shopping. The analysis of the interviews reveals that most consumers share the same views on online groceries while experience in online shopping of other products appears to be the factor directly influencing the disposition to use online groceries. According to the results of the interviews, the main problems of online groceries include the absence of possibility to check the quality of products personally, worries about the freshness of products, high prices for delivery, and absence of recreational or entertaining aspect related to conventional shopping. The consumers demonstrate high interest in online grocery shopping as it is considered a convenient and time-saving activity. However, lack of experience lowers their willingness to change the usual way of shopping. Some factors promote the willingness of customers to use online groceries. Such factors include the positive experience of shopping other categories of products, good feedbacks received from other consumers, low delivery fares, and quickness of delivery. The discussed findings received by analyzing the results of the interviews might be of interest to online grocers, as they show which aspects of online grocery shopping should be eliminated or improved. The results of the interviews apply to the challenges faced by AmazonFresh. The relation between previous experience in online shopping and positive attitude to online groceries is supported by the study conducted by Hansen (135). Therefore, AmazonFresh can promote the interest in its services by providing proper advertising at websites used for shopping other categories of products. McDonald et al. suggest a switch to the yearly delivery fee as an effective way of attracting more customers to AmazonFresh (9). Such method addresses the problem of high delivery prices identified through the interviews. Neighborhood effect is considered an influential factor that promotes trust to the online grocery (Bell and Song 364). Therefore, AmazonFresh should put much effort in promoting the positive feedback on its services shared by the consumers during social interactions with other people. In such way, the company can boost its
Sustainability is a concept that poses arguments and distinct ideas from people. Although the entire human race endeavors to attain a stable and sustainable life, the number of individuals following the principles to achieve this is low. However, this is not a barrier to the researchers continuing to device new strategies and principles without considering the people ready to follow the approaches or those not prepared to pursue them. In this light, it is vital to identify the various ways in which people can determine the principles to apply when struggling towards sustainability. The metrics identified will assist individuals to make this determination in order to arm them with the most suited style. In a bid to perform this task, this assessment will compare and contrast the widely spread models known as Thring sufficiency concept and Bellagio principles for sustainable development. Similarities The similarities between these two models are copious as described under various fields. According to Tester, Drake, Driscoll, Golay, and Peters (2012), Thring sufficiency concept advocates a broader view about attributes beyond the use of energy. Similarly, Tester et al. (2012) present one Bellagio principle suggesting the vitality of wholesomeness and considering the consequences under social, ecological, and economic levels. The target outcomes of these two models are identifying the optimum living conditions for sustainable development. Moreover, they identify the importance of revealing information to the public in order to serve their needs. Thring sufficiency concept points out how monitoring the system performance is fundamental. This is also evident in the Bellagio principles which recommend the determination of trends to work as indicators of progress. Finally, the models appreciate that the responsibility of each person and the government is to follow the approaches in order to form sustainable systems. Differences There are instances of distinction between these approaches. First, the organization and details of Bellagio principles are adequate. Consequently, the model is more directive and promising to attain the best life attributes of sustainability. However, Thring concept is less detailed and pays attention to individual input on cases. In fact, the concept omits the description of strategies to attain sustainability as in Bellagio principles. Thring Application Thring concept stipulates that the urban transportation must be enough for all people to use when visiting the urban centers. Essentially, poor and insufficient transport arouses adequate problems including the failure of punctuality and presence of employees in their working sites. On the other hand, when the transport system is in excess, there is congestion of vehicles and
Fallacy of Relevance Examples of fallacy of relevance include an appeal to pity also referred to as ad misericordiam, this is when an individual making the argument attempts to support a certain conclusion by ensuring they gain pity or sympathy from their audience. Example is, “Vice President Cheney, although a war hawk, he is now in a hospital undergoing a heart transplant” Appeal to force is another example of fallacy of relevance, this is where, the person putting forward the argument makes an implication that the audience has to agree with him else they be in danger. An example is, “Prime Minister Harper, should make changes to the pump price else we recall the whole government.” According to Govier, another example of fallacy of relevance is an argument against an individual or ad hominem (157). This is where an individual will make an argument but the response from his audience will not be on the argument but on the individual, example, “Governor Romney and the Mormon church are anti-women, Romney while Governor approved contraceptives?” Fallacy of Evidence In regards to fallacies of evidence, fallacy of false dichotomy is an example. It is where an arguer, makes claims in their conclusion of the situation only having two options when in true sense, there exist more possibilities; the audience should embrace the options he has stated. An example, “We either listen to the demands of Occupy Wall Street or the United States has no future” Fallacy of slippery slope is where an arguer claims that, one act will lead to a chain of other acts to be committed by the same person. Example, “With changes in the Health Care, soon he will change the business environment, and later values United States have held.” Fallacy of hasty generalization is where an individual makes a conclusion based on an outcome of from a small sample. An example, “After the speech from Rick Santorum, am convinced he is the best to lead the United States.” Prison Break, the story is about conspiracy in politics that lead to an innocent man being put on death sentence for a crime he did not commit and the power of love, where a brother decides to lose everything, go to jail, and assist his brother out. I selected the program based on the ills in the society and the suffering of the innocent. Some of the symbols in the program include the prison, where the evil people are locked yet the people meant to guard them are corrupt as is demonstrated by Officer Bellick. The political establishment is another symbol; people in politics are corrupt from the top. There is a lot of corruption in the society and loss of values by some people in positions of authority. An example of reality wrap is demonstrated by the male prime characters who outnumber the female characters by more than three to one. The advertisement in the program targeted the group between 21-40. The program was highly popular and appeal
Introduction Cosmopolitanism is the philosophy of having people of different ethnic decent and cultures living together as one community without the intercultural divide. In cosmopolitanism, it does not matter what your race or ethnicity is, people live and interact as a distinct society. In order to gain the imperial power, many governments in the past used the cosmopolitan idea as a way of gaining imperial control. The strong empires used the idea of imperialism and not colonialism to gain control over the weak empires through impacting their ideologies, culture, policies and power on the weak states from a far without settling there. Cosmopolitan as an imperial strategy puts emphasis on nations to maintain strong relationships in the aspects of morality, politics and economics and the citizens to live as one society despite their ethnicity or culture and gives privilege to world over nation, away over home and others over self. This essay discusses the implications of using cosmopolitan as an imperial strategy drawing specific examples from the Roman Empire and comparing it with the modern society examples. The idea of cosmopolitan began with the Athens in the 5 th century BC when people started moving away from their ancestral and therefore creation of cosmopolitan cities. People would cross rivers, seas and oceans to new places, as Ash put it in her lecture “…bodies of land once separated by water… open to invasion”. As people migrated from and to Roman and Greek, the empires were torn between the nationalism and cosmopolitan ideology. The Roman Empire was large indeed; it stretched across Mediterranean and Europe. As the Romans moved across the lands, they took their cultures that they practiced back at home to the away land as described by Rushdie in The Ground Beneath her Feet ‘…among the great struggles of man… is… conflict between fantasy of home and the fantasy of Away,… roots… and … journey” (Rushdie, 2000). The population was growing and the migrants were many. Rome then stopped recognizing the residents of the Rome city as the citizens of the world and not Romans. This is the idea Martha Nussbaum was expressing in her article, Patriotism and Cosmopolitanism when she wrote “Cosmopolitan among the Greeks saw people as citizens of the world as opposed to citizens of the city or nation” (Nussbaum, 1994). The Romans used the idea of imposing their cultures and values on others as a way of conquering more territories. They would make the people of other decent to feel like part of Romans. They knew that territories gained through consent rather than conquest was stronger. In those ancient days, the Roman culture became popular among other people of different ethnicity and the Romans used the culture and traditions fusion to absorb more territories. This was the same tactic the Italians used in the territorial and colonial era to gain more colonies. The Romans who traveled away from home spread the ‘good news’ about the splendor of the Rome city, something that drew more people to go and witness the diverse, vast and splendid city. The visitors were however given con
The United States Criminal Code provides regulations governing the commission of an offense by any individual or state official. The crimes are divided into several categories, which include crimes committed by state officials, otherwise known as public corruption crimes. Receiving and soliciting a bribe by the Army corps is actionable in the criminal law system because the law prohibits any conduct that amounts to fraud. If there are two sets of persons who have committed an offense, then it is imperative to categorize them independently to help in identifying the actual party engaged in the commission of the offense and other parties who just aided in the commission of the crime. The law offers different punishments on cases of offenses committed and the person aiding the commission of the offense (Manion, 2004). The directly guilty parties are supposed to be charged under a distinct category of offenses. For a party to be guilty of an offense, the elements of the guilty mind and the actual commission of the crime must be present. A party becomes guilty by having the two elements present in the set of facts that amount to a given offense. The presumption of innocence should be observed in charging the suspects, which means that all the suspects should be considered innocent unless proven guilty. Proof of guilt is the only measure that is used in holding a party guilty. As mentioned above, every crime consists of the conduct of the accused, as well as the prohibitions by the law. This means that for every unlawful conduct, there should be a law that provides express prohibitions. A party cannot be held guilty unless the conduct conforms to the prohibition under the law. Fraud is a criminal, as well as a civil offense. Its standard of proof is beyond a balance of probabilities and below reasonable doubt (Manion, 2004). The taking of bribes and paying the favored contractor is a fraud, which is actionable. The offense is designed to hold the party receiving, as well as the party offering the bribe guilty. The contractor’s and the engineers’ conduct are termed fraud under the United States Criminal Code. The engineers and the contractors will be charged with fraud as they have both conspired to commit the crime. The unlawful behavior, in this case, is tak
The film “The Constant Gardener” explores the unethical practices of a company named “Big Pharma” in Kenya. The protagonist of the film eventually realizes that the drug corporation uses Kenya’s population to test the efficacy of its “questionable” drug. The name of the drug is “dypraxa”. The drug also has numerous side effects thus making it questionable. The corporation also disregards the wellbeing of the people. Justin Quayle is killed while attempting to uncover the company’s unethical practices (Channing-Williams, 2005). Justin’s wife also died while trying to uncover the company’s “unethical drug tests”. From a personal perspective, I strongly believe this kind of study could happen anywhere across the world. For instance, the Nigerian Government sued Pfizer Company for using an experimental drug that left many children disabled and others dead (Britton, 2007). With such allegations, it becomes clear that these studies can happen in different countries and societies thus affecting the lives of the people. The other important consideration is to have appropriate measures in order to prevent such practices from taking place. To begin with, governments in the developing world should work together with different non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and international agencies in order to monitor the practices of various companies. As well, there should laws and regulations to govern the practices of different companies. “Companies and drug corporations should also adopt the best ethical standards in order to prevent such situations (Pozgar, 2010)”. A healthcare study should be ethical in order to address the health needs of the population. This is the best way to ensure the people get the best care and reduce instances of death. However, it is acceptable that numerous unethical studies have taken place in different parts of the world. A good example is that of Pfizer Company. The company used an “experimental antibiotic” for treating meningitis. However, it did so without addressing the ethical and health issues affecting the population. This resulted in “unacceptable” deaths (Britton, 2007). The practice resulted in a lawsuit whereby the Nigerian Government sued Pfizer Company for $7.0 billion over the drug tests. Whenever such a situation occurs, “it is necessary for nurses to become advocates for ethical practices and healthcare (Sullivan, 2013)”. This is the case because there are “code of ethics”
Northrop Frye is man who proposed several theories in the study of literature. In analysing the Bible as a book of literature, he showed different themes of typology, identity, metaphors, parallelism, symbolism and allegory. All these are concepts in most forms of literature. He believed that the Bible was like any other book of literature which had become part of history yet its origin was a myth. Typology Typology is described by Frye as being a figure of speech moving in time. It occurs where there is an antitype in the present which is a type of event that existed in the past. It is a theory that states that events in history have a meaning and an event in the future will cause people to understand the event in the past. It is also the belief that the things that occur now will achieve an objective and have a meaning. Frye points out that this is as a belief system that has its origins in the Bible. Typology in the Bible moves both in the past and in the future. Frye says “Everything that happens in the Old Testament is a type or adumbration of something that happens in the New Testament” (167). In expressing this concept, Frye shows that the Bible is essentially sealed (Woodman, 1997). Paul in the book of Romans says that Adam was a typology of Christ and that Christian baptism in the New Testament is represented by the salvation of mankind in the flood of Noah (Frye, 1981, pg 167). In history, Frye observes that the prophesies of Marx and Engels are fulfilled In the Bolshevist revolution organized by Lenin. The whole Bible has a chronology of types and antitypes. Frye sees the Bible
Current Problem and Key Objectives To ensure that learners are provided with a sufficient range of opportunities for learning, one must control the quality of the academic materials constantly. The current education materials used are outdated and thus need to be updated so that they can reflect the latest perspectives on the issue under analysis. To explore the new hypertension guidelines that have been tightened for patients to familiarize themselves with. Justification of the Proposed Updated Educational Materials Previously, patients with low blood pressure rates would not have been registered as under a threat of developing the condition in question. However, with the recent advanced in healthcare technology, opportunities for more accurate diagnosing have emerged. The American Heart Association College of Cardiology 2017 created new rules that reduced the number of high blood pressure diagnoses to 130/80 (mm Hg) (“Reading the new blood,” 2021). Previously, the guidelines had been set as “140/90 mm Hg” for individuals below the age of 65 years and 150/80 mm Hg for those above 65 years (“Reading the new blood,” 2021). This means that 70% to 79% of men above 55 years are currently considered hypertensive (“Reading the new blood,” 2021). Therefore, a lot of men who previously were healthy now have high blood pressure. There are changes in the new guidelines different from the previous ones. These changes will help people address the problem of hypertension and other accompanying illnesses, such as stroke and heart attack, earlier. Namely, no new recommendations are offered for young and elderly people above 65 years (“Reading the new blood,” 2021). The main reason is that the study examined everyone irrespective of their age. Moreover, there was no group division either above or below a certain age. Therefore, the new study redefined new categories of hypertension. Currently, some individuals that are considered hypertensive, specifically, people with 120 to 129 systolic and less than diastolic 130 to 139 systolic, now have stage 2 hypertension (“Reading the new blood,” 2021). Additionally, a reading of more than 140/90 mm Hg is a confirmation of Stage 2 hypertension. Moreover, any measurement beyond 180/120 mm Hg is termed critical (“Reading the new blood,” 2021). Finally, hypertension measurement, along with the use of home blood pressure monitors, is highly recommended daily. Reference Reading the new blood pressure guidelines. (2021). Harvard Health. Web.
Plato is deservedly known as one of the greatest and most influential Ancient Greek philosophers – in no small measure due to his “theory of forms.” In The Republic , which is probably Plato’s best-known work, the author uses his mentor Socrates as a mouthpiece to outline the essence of this theory for the audience. Perhaps one of the most famous and often quoted passages in the text is the so-called “allegory of the cave” in Book 7. It would not be an exaggeration to state that Plato’s allegory of the cave only makes perfect sense if one views it in the light of the theory of forms. After examining the allegory itself, the theory, and how the former illustrates the latter, one can clearly see that the two are interlinked and essential for each other’s understanding. For the purpose of this essay, it is still necessary to briefly retell the allegory. Book 7 of The Republic offers the audience to imagine a group of people living in an underground cave. These people have never left the cave and seen the surface, as they are chained “so that they cannot move” or even turn their heads (Plato). Behind them, there is a small wall and a fire, and others people move between the two, carrying all sorts of images just above the wall’s edge. The prisoners cannot see the objects themselves, as the chains prevent them from turning their heads, but they can see “the shadows that fire throws on the opposite wall of the cave” (Plato). According to Plato, the prisoners would be convinced that the shadows they see are the world’s contents as they are. Should they be relea