ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The Fourier analysis is responsible for relaying the two component frequencies magnitude which are the prime information carriers. Is also gives information about the frequency of each component. They are therefore crucial in processing of images and filtering since they assist one in evaluating signal behavior and eliminating other frequencies that are less important. This facilitates the acquisition of the desired results and enhancement of the image. (Leonid, 2004). The value and use of digital filtering in the realm of processing digital images cannot be compared to Fourier analysis due to its elementary position in this field. When transform data for an 1D Fourier is obtained, the component DC is normally taking the first position of the index in the transform then the subsequent frequency bin in the spectrum is placed next. The same case applies to the 2D. Due to the Fourier transform, several frequency features take their positions in the four ends of the frequency spectrum. However, the outcome is rated to have an accuracy of100%, the visibility and improved frequency analysis can be advanced by changing the frequencies of the images from their initial positions at the corners to the center of the spectrum (Junichiro, 2009). Surf and Mesh Plots The purpose of mesh and surf plots is to make analysis and take a visual look of two-dimensional data in three dimensions. They produce parametric surface of three dimensions input data as explained below. Function (Z) With respect to function Z, the plot height appearing in the third dimension, or the z dimension represents the magnitude or value of the Z matrix elements at x-y index of the matrix or the position where we have the x-y coordinate. On the other hand, there can be a specification of the matrixes of x and y to obtain a representation of the plot in y and x suitable range expressed in scaling marks and lengths. The color of the map is another quality that can be exposed to control mechanisms to show the 3D plot, in which the matrix z height data is in direct proportion to the color of the map selected and then represented by the color of the 3D plot. (Mark, 2008). The highest value in Z matrix plotted in a direct manner to the first color map’s color while the lowest is mapped to the color map’s and indicates last color. The rest of the values are distributed in a linear way. In addition, the functions support another quality which is the system of representing contours positioned below the 3D plots. The two functions work on identical input types in addition to possessing virtually same functions. The sole difference existing between the mess and surf plots is that wireframe parametric Z values represent the mesh plot while there is an empty area between the wire frames. The implication is that mesh plot is made up of color fi
Today, the duties and spheres of work of counselors are growing extremely wide. Counselor services are used to address personal problems such as destructive habits and behavioral patterns, professional and communal issues, and they also target romantic couples and their relationships (Calley, 2009). For the improvement of the result of counseling educational programs, a regular review and meta-analysis of the study results are conducted. Article Summary The article by Hawkins, Blanchard, Baldwin, and Fawcett (2008) called “Does Marriage and Relationship Education Work? A Meta-Analytic Study” is meta-analytic research designed to explore the efficacy of marriage and relationship education, also referred to as MRE along the lines of relationship quality and communication skills. The research showed that in terms of relationship quality, the effect sizes of modern-dosage programs were larger than those of quasi-experimental studies. In relation to communication skills, published studies showed larger effect sizes than the unpublished ones. The main limitation of all the reviewed studies was the lack of ethical representation and an insufficient number of disadvantaged participants. As a result, it was impossible to draw reliable conclusions. Overall, MRE is composed of two main aspects that are the improvement of communication and mutual understanding in the couples and the management of more material aspects such as finances and role expectations (Hawkins et al., 2008). Regular evaluation of MRE studies is important for further improvement and adjustments with the purpose of efficacy maximization. The main issue is that due to the limitation to conclusions of such analyses, some of the areas of MRE fail to be addressed properly. The meta-analytic study by Hawkins et al. (2008) showed that currently, the lack of a body for research limits the practitioners to address the problems of disadvantaged couples. Another area with insufficient data concerns ethnical minorities. These kinds of couples are more likely to face relationship issues due to the higher level of distress in their everyday life. Taking into consideration the high rates of divorce in the United States, the study concludes that the need for MRE programs for disadvantaged couples with high distress is growing. In order to increase the participation of couples in MRE programs, specific policies targeting couples should be implemented. For example, such a policy could target the cost of the marriage license, which varies from one state to another. The cost of t
Popular cultures in the U.S include music, dance, literature, cuisine, arts, gun culture and poetry. However, many historians have alleged that the most popular culture in the U.S is cuisine. The period preceding WW II saw American people practicing various cultures such as gun culture and culture that required men to be the sole breadwinner of the family while women remain as housewives. In this culture, children were supposed to be obedient to their parents and society as a whole. Therefore, hooliganism was highly restricted in the American culture and everyone was required to observe the required norms of the society. As for the African American population, they were still prohibited in fully interacting with other Americans since some form of racial segregation still existed in American society. During the WW II, American society experienced a significant transformation that lead to changes in American culture. After the WW II, a revolution in American society begun to be apparent as more norms were being adopted in the society while others were being removed. The segregation of the black population subsided as the society moved towards national integration. Music such as rock and roll which was initially perceived to belong to the African American culture was incorporated into American culture through the influence of teenagers. The period after WW II witnessed large concerts of rock and roll music by musicians such as Elvis Presley which attracted a large crowd from both the white and black population. Therefore, music was incorporated into American culture in the 1950’s with the influence of rock and roll. Further still, the improvisation of Jazz music set a stage for new music culture in the American society that incorporated and appreciated the works of the black population. Consequently, the American society became integrated and cases of racial segregation became minimal (Faragher, J. M. et al.1999). The period after WW II saw an emergence of a new teenage group that was defiant and unruly. This generation was eager to earn their freedom from the control of the adult population and as a result, formed their own cultural and so
As stated in the profound research carried out, there are numerous and diverse reasons that are linked to the high dropout rate of students in college. Even though the reasons for the dropout are numerous, the most eminent cause is the high stress of generating enough finances to cater to education. This has been evidenced by the National statistics carried out together with the surveys that have indicated that the most affected population is the less fortunate in the society. It is, therefore, very significant for the society and in particular the government to ensure college retention. This will not only be essential to the individuals being affected, but the entire economy will benefit from retaining students in colleges. In essence, the financial crisis is a crucial aspect that has been associated with the high dropout rate of students in college. Low–income earner is another aspect that has been linked with a high rate of school drop out of most students from institutions. According to the U.S Department of education, about 41% of the students that are enrolled in an institution find themselves spending more time in the institution to cover up the required amount of time. The statistics indicate that 66% of those students from high-income earners can graduate within the required time, while about 47% of the low incomers do not achieve their academic goals. Spending more time in college while trying to achieve the set goals may be caused by the fact that, in some instances, a student misses an academic year due to lack of school fees thus it is compelling him/her to spend another year to recover academically. Another reason that contributes to a high rate of school dropout is the issue of those students that cater to their school fees. This has been evidenced through a survey carried out by the public Agenda and conveyed by the New York Times . Students are thus supremely certain that they may never flourish since most time, they miss classes, classes are scheduled without their knowledge and other factors. As confirmed from the survey, from the number of students that enroll for a higher degree, only a few will graduate within the stipulated time. Consequently, those that experience the pain of catering for their fees are not able to pay for extra years. Additionally, a college dropout may be caused by college expectations that never match with the realities of students once they are enrolled. The learning environments, in particular teachers, do not motivate them. Together with that, inappropriate preparation and inadequate study skills may kill the students’ morale of being in school. From the discussion, there is every reason to link the lack of finances to the high rate of dropout in college. Together with that, poor family background, lack of study skills, absence of motivation from the concerned parties, and inadequate government support
Introduction Small businesses are all around us. Day in day out people are always coming up with business ideas aimed at helping people in one way or the other with the ultimate goal being financial sustenance. When starting a small business there are different approaches that can be taken, one can choose to start out using their own finances or use the popular approach of writing a business proposal asking for funding to start up the business. This paper will present a business proposal for a business idea of my choice giving a detailed summary of the business and its requirements. Executive summary Go Green International is a company dealing in producing environmental friendly products. In view of the current change of worldly climate as a result of pollution to the environment it is of interest to start companies that produce entirely environmental friendly products for the safety of the planet and thus ensure longevity of the living species in it. It is of absolute interest for the world to arrest the pollution crisis early enough if plans to save this planet will reap any fruits. The idea of having environmentally friendly products has thus led to the birth of this company. Company summary The company is entirely owned by Fred Davis who plans to hire four other employees to be directors in charge of different departments. Mr Davis will be handling all employee issues which include hiring and firing, training of staff, staff problems as well as salary determination. Later on as the company grows and expands in stature more employees are expected to be hired into the different departments of the company. Mr Davis plans to recruit and train all new employees on their job expectations which will in turn ensure absolute productivity from the employees. Services Go Green International will be involved in a myriad of environmental friendly products. It will channel maximum attention on producing bio-degradable bags which will be used for product packaging especially in industries and shopping areas. It will also channel its attention in awareness campaigns aimed at enlightening the general public on the importance of taking care of the environment. In its expansion program in a few years the company plans to venture in farming where it plans to channel all efforts towards green or organic farming. This is where farming is practised with minimised use of chemicals. The key purpose of this is to discourage the use chemicals buy farmers which destroy the ground. Market analysis summary Go Green International chiefly targets the 100% of shoppers in the society. Everybody at whichever time has purchased something from some outlet that required to be wrapped in a bag. Seeing this dire need for bags within our society it shows that the market for business for this company is green with expectations. The other target market as mentioned earlier is the farming industry which also affects 100% of the population as everybody eats. These two ventures serve to show the high degree of success for this company. Implementation summary Go Green International does realise
Introduction Qantas Airline is the oldest Airline in Australia and comes in second in the world. It was started in the year 1920 by some pilots from Australia; these were Paul McGinness and Hudson Fysh. The Company was registered as Queensland and Northern Territory Services Limited. This was on the sixth day of the month of November. Initially, the Company started by giving joyrides and two years it began scheduling its passengers. (Davies, 1964) More than eighty years later, the Company has gone global and operates more than fifty flights daily to various destinations throughout the world. It has a total of five hundred and sixty flights daily. (Jackson 2000) the Airline has about fifty five destinations regionally. And in the year 2000, the Company transported thirteen million passengers on routes based regionally and about seven million passengers for its international routes. Internal and external triggers that led Qantas Airline to develop markets internationally at various stages of their development There are four stages that the Airline Company had to undergo before and during entry into international markets. These stages are as follows;  1. Before the World War  2. jet age in 70’s  3. September attacks  4. present day (Robert & Minnow, 1995) Before the World War This stage is characterized y introduction of services to a new international market. During market entry stage, there were a number of factors that prompted the Company to enter into some countries. This stage occurred before the Second World War. These shall be examined below Competitors in the Industry The Company had to consider who were the competitors in the respective countries of choice and what advantages did this potential competitors have over them. For example in entry in the American market, Qantas had to consider other Airline Companies that offered low budget tickets and in this regard, charges in the country of entry had to be readjusted to deal with that competition in the market. 4C’s company description-(Smith, 2002) Economic climate One major reason that prompted the Airline to enter into other countries was because of the introduction of the General agreement on trade and tariffs by the World Trade Organization. This agreement ensured that the Airline was protected against barriers to trade. Before Qantas could enter certain coun
Cartoons are one of the ways through which children learn. They play a very important role in shaping up a child’s mind on what kind of a person he would like to become when he or she would grow up. Cartoon characters shape the psychological difference between the thinking of a male and a female. However, different types of cartoons impact differently. There is a massive difference shown between the thinking of genders in cartoons. In a popular cartoon series named Dexter’s laboratory, there is a blend of male and female characters. In this particular series, females are shown as softhearted individuals unless angry and it is shown that they shake everyone with rage in angry mood. Dexter, one of the main male characters, loves to elude himself from the world and spend time making inventions which are highly advanced. Dexter has a secret lab where he spends time inventing, and no matter what measures he takes to protect his lab from intruders, his sister Dee Dee always manages to easily enter the lab one way or the other. Once inside, Dee Dee plays with Dexter’s inventions until she breaks them. Boys are shown to prefer logical arguments whereas girls are portrayed for being witty and react upon opportunities when given with the chance. Though the males are portrayed to be logical, but it is shown that the females are more successful because of simple blunders or miscalculations which males fail to understand, females are able to beat males at their own area of expertise. One other point analyzed is that males hesitate very much in accepting their own mistakes whereas females are not much hesitant in accepting their mistakes compared to males. In one of the episodes, Dexter and Dee Dee are trying to earn money. Dexter tries to print money but his rate of production was very slow and it is portrayed that females are better salespersons compared to their male counterparts. As far as their status between friends and family is concerned, Dee Dee is more loved by dad and Dexter is more favored by mom. However, dad sometimes support Dexter when gender argument arises and so is portrayed that people always back their own genders arguing it to be the only best one rather than accepting that both are good in different ways. It is usually seen that mothers support their sons while fathers on the other hand prove supporters of their daughters. Males in this series are mostly portrayed as serious characters having fun only at the right time, whereas females though cheerful most of the time, do not know when to take control of the situation. The pattern can be found in the personalities of almost all the characters of this cartoon. This cartoon portrays that females show lament more than their male counterparts and would rather forgive or forget by hearing an apology in a fight. Males when fighting would always be planning on for taking revenge. It is shown that males would choose to take something secretly from another person’s room rather than asking, whereas females would ask the person concerned very loveabl
The female reproductive system The ovary is the one of the central organs of the female reproductive system. Every woman has two of each on different sides of her uterus, and a protective capsule with numerous follicles encloses them. The follicles cover an egg cell or ovum. Most women have approximately 400,000 ova, which the body releases once a month for the rest of their lives from puberty. An ovum can be fertilized if a sperm penetrates it. At that point, it will attach itself onto the uterine wall and grow into an embryo. The ovaries also generate progesterone and estrogen, which are primary hormones responsible for control of the menstrual cycle. They also account for sexual development and pregnancy. In the adult body, an ovary is about 1.6 inches long and 0.8 inches wide. The organ is also 0.6 inches thick and has uneven tissue on its surface. A number of ligaments or fibrous connective tissues support the ovaries. They include the ovarian, broad and suspensory ligaments. An ovary has an outer part called the cortex that contains oocytes, follicles and interstitial cells. It also has an inner component known as the medulla which also has interstitial cells alongside blood vessels, nerves, lymph ducts and fibrous tissue (McLaughlin et. al. 142). As stated above, the ovary plays a critical role in reproduction. It controls follicular development throughout a woman’s reproductive life. At birth, an ovary will have anywhere between 150,000 to half a million follicles. By the time a woman reaches puberty, the follicles will reduce to 34,000. As the woman gets old, her follicles keep reducing until they degenerate in menopause. Only about 400 follicles will mature in a woman’s reproductive cycle. Every menstrual cycle starts with the follicular phase. The zona granulosa is the exterior layer of cells enclosing the follicles. It appears right at the beginning of this phase. Another layer of cells called the theca will form when the interstitial cells, as well as the stromal cells, cover this follicle. A mature follicle will then rapture after it has reached 1.2 inches in diameter. Follicular development lasts for two weeks, and it leads to the production of hormones. One of these is the androgen hormones, which come from the theca. The granulosa then converts androgens to estrogen. A cavity encapsulating the oocyte has progesterone and androgens as well as estrogen. In the last few days of this phase, a mature follicle will rapture thus releasing an egg. The egg descends into the fallopian tube where it moves to the uterus. The residual cells of the follicle will enter the follicle’s opening. At this point, a corpus luteum will form, and it will contain high concentrations of progesterone for a period of two weeks. When no fertilization occurs, the luteum will reduce in size and progesterone will also diminish. Menstruation occurs to remove the unfertilized egg by shedding the uterine lining. Conversely, if fertilization occurs, then the corpus luteum will not disappear. It will be in the ovary for the duration of pregnancy, where high concentrations of progesterone will be presen