Abstract Sexual abuse is one of the most common forms of child abuse. Its occurrence within the past decade has increased, thus creating a serious problem to the society as it threatens social dynamics. Additionally, the vice has dire effects on the future economic prospects countrywide if not dealt with appropriately and at the right time. Children are part of the high-risk group for such abuse due to their innocence, which presents a form of vulnerability that perpetrators can exploit. Most governments have developed centers with specialized professionals where children, parents, and other caregivers can obtain help on how best to deal with the problem. Child abuse intervention is critical in setting the social and economic dynamics for future generations. Introduction Sexual abuse entails activities that involve forcing children or enticing children below the age of fifteen years to participate in activities of a sexual nature, including intercourse, exposure to sexual material such as pornography, and inappropriate contact with private parts. A child’s perception on the morality of the sexual act is irrelevant in sexual abuse cases, especially when there is adult participation in the act. Treatment of sexually abused children is one of the many forms of intervention in dealing with child abuse in the society. Isolation of the problem from other forms of abuse is necessary as it enables intervening professionals such as psychologists and doctors to deal with the problem in the delicate manner that it deserves. This paper explains some of the treatment options available for sexually abused children. It explores some of the factors that psychologists consider in determining the correct form of treatment for a child and what the various forms of treatment aim to achieve. The diagnostic process One of the factors that psychologists consider before prescribing treatment for a child is his or her age. A child’s age determines the level of understanding on what is right/wrong or normal/abnormal. It also determines the method of treatment best suited to the child. For instance, a five year old has a significantly higher level of awareness of the environment and understanding of right and wrong than a two-year-old child does. Using therapy to help the five-year-old understand the problem and solutions is thus more appropriate in relation to the two year old. The second factor that comes in play in the diagnostic process is a child’s environment. A child’s surroundings play a big role in increasing or decreasing his or her vulnerability to sexual abuse (Gallagher et al., 2008). Neighborhoods with low levels of security present a higher risk factor to children living in them than those with significantly higher security. The type of people living in a neighborhood may also raise or lower the risk factor for sexual abuse. For instance, a neighborhood with a high number of unemployed young men tends to have higher crime rates including sex related offences. Such a neighborhood would thus create a high-risk environment for children who are sixteen years and below (Coulton et al., 2007). Thirdly, a psychologist also considers a child’s background in terms of relationships