ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Policy-making is the duty of the Congress since time immemorial. In fact, when Congress members get into power they sign up for the policy-making duties as required by the law. The Congress over the years has been making policies that help its citizens to have a better life. When there is any crisis, they have to attend to it through making policies to avoid various crises or reduce their impacts on the country. Of late though, it seems like these people are sleeping on their job. The policies enacted are turning out to be ineffective. For instance, there is fear that the Congress is ignoring important issues and would become ineffective policy makers. The public is not sure of the way various policies are made and are concerned if the method will be able to meet future challenges. The power of a government is dependent and closely linked to the power of policy-making. Thus, the whole country is relying on it. When policies fail, the whole country falls into turmoil. Policy-making is difficult in the Congress and the process tends not workout due to the struggle for power between the branches namely the executive and legislature. The president sometimes makes decisions without consultation, and this usually does not go well with the Congress (Jacobson, Kernell & Smith 2014). Thus, they do not act believing that the president is sidelining the Congress. There is no detailed description and division of responsibilities and the process is often slowed down. The foreign policy is one of the policies with such issues. The political system that exists has divided power between the legislature, executive, and judiciary. There is always war when it comes to making and enacting the foreign policy. Each side wants the power and authority for decision-making. There are continuous debates with responsibilities associated with the foreign policy. The president is the dominant authority, but he has some constraints. Sometimes the president makes a decision before the Congress is informed forcing the Congress to support him (Nagel 1994). Good policies are made when technocratic and political issues are combined. Political support needs to be obtained from both the ruling team and the opposition. Technocratic issues involve looking for what will work and developing a policy and implementation design. The Congress ignores the role these two parties play in making a policy. Thus, the Congress breaches the hopes for an effective relationship. Passing a policy becomes difficult at this point given that when the opposition is not consulted, they are bound not to support the policy (Schneider, Koempel & Koempel 2012). The opposition will claim to be looking out for the public while they are only pushing for their political agendas. Recently, many policies have failed. In fact, such policies were not designed well and not that they were bad ideas. The Congress when making a policy tends to ignore the design. What the house fails to understand is that a design helps it to see that the planned actions for achieving the policy aims are viable and realistic. The purpose of the policy becomes integrate
The Roman law The Roman law was successfully codified to be in line with the roman customs. The coded form became one of the most valuable cultural heritages in medieval Europe, because it shaped the laws. The initial customary laws were efficiently transferred from one generation to another but created various conflicts over custom and human rights, since they were venerable to abuse by judges and favoured particular social classes. The customary laws come to existence through joint community suggestions; however, unilateral suggestions by individuals caused division along tribal lines and centuries. The law then developed through establishments by the praetor’s decrees as well as senate verifications or resolutions as well as opinions of lawyers/jurists. The judges would seek opinions of the jurists to make final judgements. The jurists ‘opinions therefore assisted in enhancing the law with the required quality. Various constitutions of the roman emperors also played significant roles in formation of the Roman law. The law generally provided a distinction between the concept of property ownership and possession. According to Stein (3), Roman law is very similar to many current codes since its supports that a property owner has a right over property and can use it for personal gain, but a possessor is only in control for a limited period of contract, lease, employment or commission. The first Roman emperor had an introductory law that was acceptable to many proceeding emperors. Contemporary civil systems therefore have a root on the Roman Emperor Law especially the juridical terminologies. The Hammurabi/Roman Law The Hammurabi/Roman Law that was practiced during the 8 th Century by Babylon rulers indicated that a wrong act faced tough law, thus the “eye for an eye” application. The law was applied regardless of the victim gender. Problems on the subject of adultery meant that the victim had to prove his/her innocence before the priest by swearing. If found culprit of such acts, the victim would be forced to jump and drown in the sea. Although the rules of the society were harsh, such as support for divorce without considering reasons, a woman still had the right to claim share of the property as long as they had children with the husband. Failure to prove her innocence also indicated that the man had a right to keep her as a servant and fail to pay dowry. Serious cases were however dealt with by the courts and the outcome was a sentence to death through drowning. These were strict rules that various societies leant and implemented although the code differed from one to the other. The rule was an indication over the importance of regulating the society, for instance to ensure social order, legitimacy and proper administration of wealth. Various laws are extremely unique in their cultural settings, but have a close interconnection on these importance and reasons. Code of Hammurabi was an original establishment meant to ascertain order. The law was however harsh, strict and made a distinction between the social-economic classes and social believe that the code came to reality from the sun gods as opposed to establishment by societal le
Key Learning from Chapters 1-12 in Frame’s Systematic Theology Chapters 1-12 from John Frame’s Systematic Theology provide the background for understanding the idea of theology in general and systematic theology in particular and present the information on the basic definitions, the Biblical Story, and the Doctrine of God. This reflection paper provides the detailed discussion of significant points learnt from Chapters1-12 of Frame’s book. The first part of the book is “Introduction to Systematic Theology”. Chapter 1 titled as “What Is Theology” is important to explain the approach to theology used in the whole book. I have learnt that it is important to remember that definitions, in spite of being long and short, are the products of theologians, and many of them are rarely found in Scripture. I received the opportunity to focus on different kinds of theology and determine the aspects characteristic for the systematic theology. For instance, referring to the systematic approach, today I can learn what the Bible tells about the effectual calling while focusing on the words of Jesus, Paul, and others on the topic 1 . From this point, the systematic theology is important to teach the words of the Bible as the net of significant concepts. Chapters 2 and 3 titled as “The Lord” and “God’s Lordship as a Unique Worldview” provided me with the opportunity to think about the importance of themes related to theology. Thus, I have learnt that God’s Lordship should be discussed as the central topic of theology. However, I have also learnt that there are many critics of this statement, and not all the theologians discuss God’s Lordship as the central topic. Now, I can state that God’s Lordship is the central concept, all the other concepts in Scripture are perceived through the ideas that God as the creator is absolute, tripersonal, transcendent, and immanent. I have understood that if God is transcendent, God is also immanent because of His unique nature. The second part of the book is important because it presents the Biblical Story described and analyzed in three chapters. According to Chapter 4 “The Lord’s Covenants”, systematic theology is based on the analysis of one topic with references to different passages and descriptions presented in the Bible, and the Bible is composed of many literature genres such as narratives, hymns, and apocalyptic 2 . As a result, there are three Biblical themes which are the Lord’s Covenants, the Kingdom of God, and the Family of God. I received the opportunity to focus on the relationship in the covenants, the Kingdom of God, and the Family of God separately. The boo
XYZ Health Center Overview About XYZ Health Center The XYZ Health Center is a private pediatric and family medicine center based in W City. The medical center has remained consistent in the provision of different medical services to a large client base. As a specialized center, this facility has a capacity to service up to 50 patients per day in different departments and sections. XYZ Health Center is a health care agency specializing in Medicaid center-based services and pediatric care. Founded more than ten years ago, XYZ Health Center provides compassionate care to nearly 300 clients. The Pediatric and Family Medicine office employs 7 thoroughly screened and qualified care-giving staff, making XYZ Health Center one of the largest providers of health care in the W region with specialization in pediatric and family medicine. XYZ Health Center is currently contracted with multiple Pediatric Health authorities. Objectives and Procedure for Promoting Quality Service Charter The objectives of XYZ Health Center are:   * To develop and continuously improve services at the center.   * To provide modern, friendly, and effective treatment to the clients.   * To improve the service charter to meet the demand and needs of all stakeholders.   * Continuously review the service charter for relevance and effectiveness for optimal service delivery outcome.   * Review client feedback from environmental, treatment, and cultural perspectives. The strategies for promoting quality service charter are;   * XYZ Health Center has an up-to-date policy on health and safety.   * The content of the policy is made available to all stakeholders.   * XYZ Health Center has a clear reporting, investigation, and resolution procedures.   * XYZ Health Center has an effective work standard that must be adhered to by all employees.   * The center periodically carries a comprehensive risk assessment and management.   * The plan spells out emergency actions (see figure 1). Figure 1: Personnel policies and procedures at XYZ Health Center. Personnel Composition Within the Pediatric and Family Medicine office The Pediatric and Family Medicine office has seven qualified personnel consisting of two pediatric providers, two family medicine providers, and three medical assistants. The office has adequate employees to handle all business processes. These employees are well trained and adequately experienced to deliver quality and effective services to customers within the stipulated business hours. As captured in Table 1, the employees have different roles. Table 1: Pediatric and Family Medicine office personnel composition. Personnel                 Number  Roles                                                                             Pediatric provider        2       Focused on the delivery of medical services to young children                     Family medicine provider  2       Focused on the delivery of medical services to other groups of clients            Medical assistant         3       Assist the family medical and pediatric providers in offering services to clients  Quality in Service Delivery Approach The services are aligned to quality and c
Introduction Interest rate is a percentage of the total amount of money that a person or organization took as a loan. The rates of interests that a country or a bank bases it rates depend on the standards set by the central bank of the country or of a union. The interest rates used by the member countries of the European Union are under the control of the European Central Bank or the ECB. This is an institution in charge of the monetary policies in the union. The European central bank is also in charge of stabilizing the interest rates of the member countries, keeping the inflation rate at a low level and ensuring that the foreign money reserves are stable. It acts as a last resort for lending money to its members’ banks. The bank managed to maintain the lending rates to its members stable until 2010 when it resorted to saving some of its member states from foreign debts. Greece was also a target of European Central Bank had to save from sovereign debts by buying the debts and paying them off. This led to instability in assets and liabilities of the European central bank. This forced the bank to increase its lending rate in an effort to maintain stability in the European Union Market. Canada’s rates, on the other hand, are under the control of the Bank of Canada which is Canada’s central bank. The bank was not originally there, but began its operation in 1934 due to an act of parliament that led to its creation. The bank lends money to banks and institution as a last resort and acts as a central reserve for Canada’s money. Like the European Central Bank, the central bank of Canada also focuses on maintaining a low inflation rate. It also concerns itself with the maintenance of a stable financial state, effective control of the countries foreign debt and provision of valuable currencies. The bank achieves all his by having the absolute control of the countries’ borrowing and lending rates. However, this power is applicable only to exceptional circumstances, and the central banks rely heavily on the foreign market exchange rates and demand for the Canadian Dollar to control its interest rates, (The Coming Depression Editorial Staff, 2009, October 9) Effects of the financial crisis The interest’s rates in the European Union have been under the control of the European Central bank, which acts as a central reserve for all funds in the Union. The central bank has successfully been in control of inflation and interest rates until the 2008 financial crisis that hit the some of its member countries. The crisis forced the European Central Bank to review some of its policies, and save the other countries from sinking into the crisis with the other countries like Spain, Greece and Portugal. The union was in a tight spot because its members use the assets of the European Central Bank as securities to borrow money. This means that all members are at stake if the other countries are unable to repay their debts. The European Financial Stability Facility got incorporated in to the union to help the countries in a financial
There are recommendations for a company who wants to have a united organisational goal when merging with another company, especially among United Kingdom organizations (Grayson, 2011). The recommendations are as follows:   * The organizational goals must focus on engaging in the same market segment. There is better synergy if the merging entities are engaged in the same line of business.   * Charles Bankes (2006) emphasized the merger’s organizational goals must focus on ensuring a successful and smooth chemistry among the officers and staff of the subsidiaries of the merger entities. Businesses are entered into to accomplish the merged company’s goals and objectives, not to compete with the goals and objectives of the other entities joining the merger.   * Roger Clarke (2006) reiterated the merger goals should focus on increasing the company size, literally. This lessens competitor size.   * A successful merger goal ensures that the major services offered to each member entity in the merger is sacrificed, reduced, or eliminated to increase accomplishment of the newly merged entity’s goals and objectives.   * Neil Rollings (2007) opined the merger goal must ensure a smooth synergy among all the entities joining the merger in terms of organisational goals and objectives. For example, a merger between H21, a health care organisation, and another organisation, Claimar Company, includes the installing of propping up of the current H21 finance director as one of the new merged company’s headquarters officers. In addition, Raguvaran was appointed the chief executive officer of the newly merged organization, the offshoot of the merger between Claimar and H21.   * The merger goal should harness the synergistic powers of each member entity to increase it business dealings in order to meet the merged company’s bigger goal of filling the needs of the bigger market segment. One entity may have the best marketing strategy. Another entity may have the best quality product. A third entity may have the best supply chain organisation.   * The merger goal should focus on enhancing the merger companies’ current business technology processes. The business processes include increase its high technology processed, human resource maximization (choosing the best and the brightest people accomplish the merged company’s goals and objectives).   * The successful merger goal focuses on the synergy of the individual merger company’s individual strengths to ensure quicker and better accomplishment of organizational goals and objectives. The synergy should include a synergy of the each merging company’s individuality, investment, ambition, integrity, empowerment, and improvement capacities.   * Brian Rutherford (2007) theorized the successful merger goal will focus on combining the expertise of each line and staff personnel within the newly merged organisation to ensure faster and better accomplishment of the merged company’s new goals and objectives. The goals and objectives include. Specifically, the senior and middle level managers of the new merger company must visit all the branches and subsidiaries to explain the importance of each individual’s
The significance of providing outpatient related services is essential to the patients’ recovery (Mardiah & Basri, 2013). However, recent studies have shown that some of the hospital practices hamper the process of outpatient service provision, making patients wait (Guttmann, Schull & Stukel, 2011). Although the Burjeel Hospital has been known for its relatively positive reputation in outpatient care (Kunt & khan, 2012), its staff could use a better schedule arrangement so that its patients should not wait much in order to receive the required services (Huang, 2013). The negative effects, which long waiting time has on outpatients, are very intense (Piser & Prenntice, 2011); which is even more threatening, these effects may trigger recrudescence and the following regress in the treatment or intervention process. Even though the quality of the Burjeel Hospital services is stellar at present, spending impressive amounts of time waiting for their treatment may affect the patients greatly and, therefore, serve as a major impediment on their way to recovery (Mijailovic et al., 2014). According to the recent reports, the outpatient services in the Burjeel Hospital have deteriorated slightly (Middle East monitor: Update from around the region, 2013, p. 7). The specified phenomenon can be interpreted as the effect of the improper time management strategy implemented by the hospital staff and the resulting necessity for patients to wait before receiving the needed services and medications (Mersieca, Cassar & Borg, 2014). A closer look at the issue in question will reveal that time management and the precision of the information delivered from one nurse to another is often the key obstacle to providing the required services timely (Guerrero & Andrews, 2014). Therefore, corresponding strategies for data retrieval, storage, analysis and transfer, as well as the reconsideration of the currently accepted schedule, should be viewed as an option (Marcus et al., 2012). One might argue that the patients’ behaviour also contributes to the increase in the waiting time (Aboukanda & Latif, 2014). True, in a range of cases, patients display the types of behaviour that impede the delivery of proficient services. However, it is the nurses’ duty to arrange the services provision process in such a way that the basic obstacles should be avoided. Solute Claiming that the issue is barely solvable would be wrong; in fact, several hospitals have provided efficient frameworks for handling the issue, the Six Sigma based one being the most promising one (Dinesh & Sanjeev, 2013). As a result of the above-mentioned approach application, the length of stay is expected to be reduced impressively among the patients (Stewart et al., 2013). In addition to adopting the approach towards managing the Burjeel nurses’ time more efficiently, the idea of expanding and, therefore, hiring more staff members should be considered (Noppen, 2012). Judging by the current situation, which can be observed in the Burjeel Hospital, a better time m
Introduction On December 7, 1941, American military men at United States naval base at Pearl of Harbor in Hawaii woke to a crude shock; the Japanese army had attacked them, something that invited the United States of America into World War II. Following this attack, the United States of America in retaliation, placed all Japanese Americans in internment camps popularly known as ‘War Relocation Camps.’ Nevertheless, the aftermath of this exercise presented one big irony of all the time; loyalty and betrayal co-existed and it was even difficult to differentiate between the two. Whilst the Japanese Americans remained loyal to the U.S. government, this government resorted to betrayal, assigning each family a number, which was used as surnames for the Japanese Americans in these camps among other ‘injustices’, only to incorporate them in military later on. Loyalty and Betrayal The Japanese Americans in the internment camps remained loyal to the U.S authorities albeit the harrowing experiences they went through in the camps. For instance, they lived in, “un-partitioned toilets, cots for beds, and a budget of 45 cents daily per capita for food rations” (Myer 1). The first act of loyalty came with the surrender of Japanese Americans to authorities. After President Roosevelt signed the Executive Order 9066, posters saying “All Japanese persons, both alien and non-alien, will be evacuated from the above designated areas by 12:00 o’clock noon Tuesday, April 7, 1942…report for internment with bedrolls and…” (Weber 16). Being loyal to the authorities, the Japanese Americans responded to this order and reported at the said time. There is no one recorded time when the Japanese Americans became disloyal to the U.S. authorities save for some peaceful demonstrations; however, these were also allowed in the constitution; therefore, it was not an act of disloyalty. Japanese Americans submitted to denounce their religion, salute the U.S flag, and sing loyal songs; all in loyalty. Moreover, they swore allegiance to “one nation, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all” (Weglyn 56). In loyalty, the Japanese Americans in these camps submitted to authorities and respected the constitution. This was ‘high-class’ loyalty; something that they carried on to World War II. In 1943, the U.S authorities gave some Japanese America prisoners chance to serve in the military on voluntary basis. “The War Department is offering you a chance to volunteer and to distinguish yourselves as Japanese-American citizens in the service of your country” (Sone 218). According to Broek, Barnhart, and Matson, one of the distinguished loyal Japanese American r