ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The development of e-commerce in the world business sector has originated the evolution of the related technologies and practices, associated with the payment, shipping, customer care etc. Long Running Transactions (LRT) are regarded to be the important building block within the business applications. In order to explain the origin of the LRT definition, there is strong necessity to explain the necessity and importance of transactions in business. Originally, transactions are regarded to be the integral units of business, which generally involves one or several resources. In accordance with the classification the transactions may be completed or uncompleted. The main concept of the transactions is that the resources, which are involved are regarded to be locked. In the light of this perspective transactions are regarded to be the implementations of the distant payment system. The main concept of the Long Running Transactions is to avoid such locking while making an order or a purchase. The system is based on the principles of addressing PC databases in order to avoid locks on non-local resources. In the case of failures the compensations are presupposed, as in distinction with the traditional transaction systems the LRTs provide an opportunity of checking and following the flows, thus, there is a strong opportunity to grant compensation if needed. The basis of the LTRs is in the ACID principle (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation and Durability). In order to grant the stability of the system, a coordinator is presupposed for completing or aborting transactions. The principle is particularly applied in e-commerce, as it is emphasized in Laneve and Zavattaro (2005, p. 290): In contrast to rollback in ACID transactions, compensation restores the original state, or an equivalent, and is business-specific. The compensating action for making a hotel reservation is canceling that reservation, possibly with a penalty. Increasingly, Web services are key additions to business applications and third-party integration. A complex business process that accesses multiple Web services needs a reliable mechanism for stringing together the various Web services. This ensures that no part of the business process gets uncoordinated with the other parts. Thus, the aim of the paper is to review the principles of LRTs in the sphere of e-commerce, making a particular accent on the issues of survivability. Literature Review. Overview and the matters of Survivability Originally, the LTRs and transactions in general require the division of the activities into hierarchies in order to provide the necessary control level for the execution of the activities, which involve business performance and transaction of the resources. As Butler, Ferreira and Yong (2001) emphasized, the behavior of the transaction generally depends on the matters of the data, which is passes between the participants of thee transaction process, and often entails the procedures of data manipulation. It should be stated that the
Introduction to the Implementation of Innovation Innovations make our life easier and more convenient. Some mechanisms used nowadays are regarded as an integral part of the day-to-day life; however, they have not been introduced and positioned as those. The first steps are always difficult to take because of different obstacles and a great number of measures to be taken in order to protect one’s business. As soon as all formal requirements are met, the innovation starts working and brings some profit. Creative approach and legal issues on patent (lodging and protecting) take some time and require keeping secret and professional assistance to cope with time-consuming matters (Worthington 2010a; Worthington 2010b ). Managing Innovation and Operations Management Future Steps for Development of Quicklock As technologies and new businesses are commonly associated with innovations (Geneste 2010), it is necessary to regard the concept of innovations and their implementation into business as an integral part of a technologically-advanced business, especially when its owner is its main innovator as in the case with Quicklock Partitioning and its owner Michael Worthington. The need for creativity and efficiency has also been faced which allows an assumption to be made concerning the necessity of introducing innovation including the use of internal and external drivers for implementation of innovation (Manley et al. 2008, 5). Moreover, the new technologies should be registered before used in order to avoid legal debate in the court because of violation of somebody’s rights. As copyright issues are of disputable nature, it is preferable to address professional companies engaged with copyrights, patents, and other matters that may be challenging for unconcerned people. Cost Increase As soon as the innovation is created, it should be tested. In this respect, effectiveness of the new device or design is of paramount importance for it should cover the costs spent on its operation and maintenance. As suggested by Trott (2008, 111-112), the improvements in the features of the product involve increase in cost. Besides, some innovations are not fulfilled and not brought into life because of the great number of consequences affecting all parties. Time and Cost Ratio When the product is being developed, it requires some costs on the innovation operations. When the product is ready for implementation, it should be patented in order to avoid violation of the copyrights. When the product is launched, the consumers are affected because of the cost and quality of the new product design. As a rule, the innovation is based on a survey, according to which additional qualities are developed in order to satisfy the consumers’ requirements. In order to consider the Quicklock Partitioning, it is necessary to address the following questions that will be presented with successive recommendations. Circumstantial Criteria The development of a new product may take more time than expected which involves further expenses. Every issue that contradicts the
Introduction Many scholars believe that health risks can be averted in case overweight problems are identified at an early age (El-Bayoumy, Shady, & Lotfy 2009, p. 154; Rubinstein, 2005, p. 103). Health care professionals should focus their attention on childhood obesity because it is a good predictor of dangerous diseases that can manifest themselves during adulthood. In particular, timely disclosure can prevent such diseases as hypertension, diabetes, respiratory disorders, or cardiovascular diseases (El-Bayoumy, Shady, & Lotfy 2009, p. 154; International Diabetes Federation, 2011). Several pieces of research conducted in the last two decades have revealed that the prevalence of obesity among children increased by 17% – 30% in developed countries (Seidell, 2000). The increasing prevalence of obesity and overweight among children and the resultant effects are a crucial concern to public health (Hazmi & Warsy, 2002). Childhood obesity is known to increase the chances of several negative effects, disorders and diseases such as high blood pressure, damage of self-esteem, osteoarthritis, heart-related diseases, sleep disorder, diabetes, and particular kinds of cancer (Must & Strauss, 1999). The purpose of this study is to provide an understanding of the prevalence of overweight and obesity among school children in Kuwait. The results from this study can help healthcare providers to assess the risk of developing health issues relating to obesity and overweight in children. Furthermore, the research seeks to examine attitudes and perceptions of teachers, parents, school administrators, and Ministries of Education and Health officials concerning overweight and obesity in children with the perspective to improve public health policies. In addition, the study focuses on major risk factors that influence the prevalence of childhood obesity. The study focuses on sample schools and school nurses as an approach to reach parents and the community at large through children. School and school nurse in Kuwait Public and private schools in Kuwait operate under regulations put together by the Ministry of Education and Ministry of Higher Education; whereas the Private Education Department and Ministry of Education supervise and register all foreign schools in Kuwait (“Education in Kuwait”, 2012). School attendance is mandatory for children in Kuwait and public schools are free for Kuwaiti’s children between the ages of six and fourteen. Children between two and four years can attend private nursery schools (“Education in Kuwait”, 2012). The school system in Kuwait consists of elementary, intermediate, and secondary schools, including four years term for each of them (“Education in Kuwait”, 2012). Schools principally play an important role by providing an environment that is safe and supportive with strategies and exercises that promote healthy behaviours. The school is identified as a significant setting to enhance childhood health as children spend quality time at school. Schools can serve as an optimal background for preventive attempts of overweight and obesity (Warren et al., 2003). Schools in Kuwait have participated in the struggle to prevent the in
Introduction At the start of the 1990s when the economic bubble exploded, the earlier sense of individuality amongst the majority of Japanese consumers became clattered as the idea of permanent employment busted and numerous people were fired from their jobs. This uneasy era of economic decline together with the appearance of independent-minded women, added to a collapse of traditional societal systems and the formation of a Japanese customer with preferences that varied noticeably in comparison to the bubble era. During the previous decade, there was suppressing of lux-aholic conduct with respect to the 1980s craving. Nevertheless today, as the Consumer Confidence Index remains less than 50, customer attitude is moderately positive as the nation and its populace gradually ascend out of a downturn stage. Additionally, as opposed to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) where fashions, cuteness, and brands are an appearance of social status, earnings coupled with refined preferences that permit consumers to differentiate themselves from the typical in Japanese fashion signify the typical Japanese (Japan Market Resource Network, 2007, pp. 2-3). The methodology used in this research project can be employed in studying the association involving women and consumption in the United Arab Emirates. In a bid to shed light on major alterations in the connection involving women and consumption in Japan, this research paper discusses Japanese consumers, examines accessible secondary data, and discusses consumer groups. In addition, this research paper carries out an Internet study to elucidate Japanese views, mindsets, and aspirations toward fashions, cuteness, and brands. This paper reflects the varying positions and attitudes of Japanese women toward purchasing fashions, cuteness, and brands. Moreover, this paper will disclose that concern in fashions, cuteness, and brands has decreased with time (Chadha, & Husband, 2006, pp. 56-68). However, there is plenty of proof that fashions, cuteness, and brands that uphold significance in satisfying varying consumer preferences will unsurprisingly find constant success. In any case, during the gloomier financial period, total income for chief fashions, cuteness, and brands maintained an increasing tendency and consumer attitude continued to tilt positively. Women play a crucial role in contemporary Japanese consumption and media in term of fashions, cuteness, and brands. Research Question Individual value, corporate groups, and social identification influence consumption among Japanese women’s fashion, cuteness, and brands. The following research question has been formulated to satisfy the purpose and aim of this research paper: What is the relationship between women and con
The writers involved in the readings we’ve had this semester seem to present the case that certain people, particularly women, are in a very vulnerable position in society. They are given few opportunities to support their own needs and frequently can be seen to depend upon men for their welfare. Without a man around, this is exceedingly difficult and, even with a man around, can be found to be strongly limiting. This vulnerability can be seen in stories like “Pictures” by Katherine Mansfield, “The Winters and the Palmleys” by Thomas Hardy and “The Biter Bit” by Wilkie Collins. In “Picture”, Miss Ada Moss is seen to be growing old and fat as she has to split the seams of her nightdress in order to fit into it and her legs are full of the blue knots of varicose veins. She was once a successful contralto singer, which is shown in the parade of good foods that float past her imagination, but she is now in dire straits since the advent of motion pictures. The story begins as she is confronted by her landlady that she absolutely must present her rent for the small, cold room she occupies and it is presumably not the first time the request has been made. “What with week in week out and first you’ve got it and then you haven’t, and then it’s another letter lost in the post or another manager down at Brighton but will be back on Tuesday for certain – I’m fair sick and tired and I won’t stand it no more,” the landlady says. Miss Moss’s search for work is as unfruitful as her home cupboard, frequently finding herself attempting to compete with slim and beautiful younger women for parts in films that have little or nothing to offer. Finally, she ends up in a small, darkened café and meets up with a man. By the tone of their small conversation and mention of a particular ribbon that stands out from her otherwise dark clothing, it becomes clear that Miss Moss has resorted to selling herself as a prostitute as her only means of earning a meal and a bed to sleep in. The women in Hardy’s story
The world today is facing a significant increase in population thus the inability to provide an adequate diet for the expanding population, due to improper distribution of food. A food essay on food preservation is important to address this issue. In this food essay, I will address fundamental requirements a writer can consider. When writing food preservation essays an individual is required to address several key points. These help to extensively tackle the given food essay topic. The key points are:   * Provide information on the different types of foods available globally and their importance to the community in the food preservation essay. This is because the methods used in food preservation differ depending on the food to be preserved and the duration of preservation.   * The food essay should tackle the problems associated with food, for example, food spoilage, the causes of these spoilages and their long term solutions. Such a food essay can help create awareness on the subject in the community.   * To address the several different methods used in food preservation in the food essay and the effects of preservation on food appearance, taste and its quality.   * How food preservation affects our health, in terms of nutrition. Researching a little on the subject is advisable for the food essay to be relevant, credible, and to be taken seriously by the readers. Food preservation being a subject affecting all ages, use of simple language and a broad explanation of the subject is crucial. There are several sources of information a writer can use to come up with a good report on the given food essay. Therefore, addressing preservation as a food essay can help reduce post-harvest wastage and improve the food condition in the world.
Introduction The essay is a critical examination of the character of Iago in the play Othello written by Shakespeare. In literature there is always a direct link between characterization and theme development. Othello deemed to be written in 1603 revolves around four main characters; Iago Othello, Desdemona wife to a Moorish general, Cassio and the general. The themes of the play are honesty, love, misrepresentation, self knowledge, magic, racism, oppression, pride, appearance and reality, revenge, betrayal and jealousy. For instance, in case of honesty Iago is termed “honest” racism is depicted when Othello is termed “the black with thick lips.” Most of Shakespeare readers have painted Iago to be the most heinous and villain character of all time. He is capable of manipulating those around him propelling him to achieve his desires. For this reason, he is a character that is most loved to hate. Additionally he is the most purely malevolent character engaging in most wrongdoings. To under stand the characters of Iago, it would be rational to clearly define the term character; in literature it has been thought of as the attributed or characteristics given to subjects used in a play, poem, novels, playwrights as well as other literature by the author to help pass across or communicate certain themes. Iago characters It is ironical that Iago is referred to as honest person. A closer examination of his deeds and motives paint him another character. However, majority of other characters are not yet aware of his deceitful and selfish character. Due to this almost all characters are in a crisis of determining who and who not to trust. Most trust the wrong person, Iago which lead to downfall of various characters. For instance Othello said “… my ancient; a man he is of honesty and trust. To this conveyance I assign my wife ” (Shakespeare 199) in reference to Iago. It is worth mentioning here that it is this attributes that he possessed that made him successful in manipulating other characters painting him to be a strong and compelling character. Through it, he is capable of convincing Othello that his wife Emilia had and a fair. This was accomplish
The history of humanity knows many examples when cultural and religious features of a definite society were somehow interwoven with people. In this respect, a human being was thought of as a divine creature full of insights and attributes are given from above. On the contrary, ancient literature places the main characters in their relation to gods’ will. Thus, it is seen in the example of at least four outstanding works of ancient times. It touches upon The Epic of Gilgamesh , Genesis , The Illiad , and Nicomachean Ethics . On the example of these works, one can state the idea of the dependency of the main heroes’ destinies in accordance with their arrangement scheduled in heaven. First of all, it is significant to start with The Epic of Gilgamesh . In this, probably, the most ancient work of literature in the world one can have lots of evidence where gods are trying to direct the main hero, Gilgamesh, in his journey with Enkidu after having been exiled from the ancient city of Uruk. Both became friends and showed brevity while opposing to gods’ admonitions. It is seen when they defeated Humbaba and killed the Bull of Heaven. In this respect, the epic highlights a peculiar place, Cedar Mountain. Thereupon, the Epic of Gilgamesh reads: “Then they saw the Cedar Mountain, the Dwelling of the Gods, the throne dais of Imini” (Gilgamesh Tablet V). The journey of Gilgamesh and Enkidu shows the fate of a man who is designed for fulfilling a definite destination prescribed by gods. In other words, it is applicable that the ancient Sumerian society was highly devoted to different gods. Gilgamesh was considered to be half a man and half a god. One of the tablets describes Gilgamesh as “having the flesh of the gods in his body” (Gilgamesh Tablet X). Moreover, Gilgamesh should go through the ordeals of gods to
Thesis Statement: Under certain circumstances, euthanasia can be both morally and ethically acceptable. Introduction The debate about physician-assisted death thus far has been clouded by imprecise, sometimes inflammatory, use of language. The descriptive term “physician-assisted death” includes both physician-assisted suicide and voluntary active euthanasia. It emphasizes the physician’s role as an assistant to an action initiated by the patient. Doctors “killing” patients are technically correct, but it incorrectly suggests a physician-driven act and brings out uneasy visions of the Holocaust, in which a vicious abuse of physician power was used to systematically exterminate those who were deemed to be socially unworthy. (Ondrey, 2006) Nothing could be further from the intent of those who favor a limited reconsideration of public policy in the areas of assisted suicide and voluntary active euthanasia. Physicians are reluctant partners in assisted dying, motivated by the compassion they feel toward suffering patients who request their help and have no good alternatives. The different kinds of suicide Suicide is defined as the intentional taking of one’s own life, but its multilayered meaning emerges in a second definition which includes the self-destruction of one’s own personal interests. In the medical literature, suicide is almost always viewed as an act of despair and self-destructiveness, the outgrowth of untreated depression and impaired rational thought. (Derek, 2007) Suicide in that context is clearly something to be prevented, and physicians’ appropriate role is to use all their resources, including enforced hospitalization if necessary, to help patients regain their will to live. (Dowbiggin, 2002) Suicide in the context of end-stage medical illness associated with irreversible suffering that can only end in death can have a different meaning. Many believe that suicide under such circumstances can be rational—it is hard to judge the wish for an end to intolerable suffering that can only end in death as irrational. Under such tragic circumstances, death can sometimes provide the only relief. The only question is, how much more one must endure until it comes. Yet, because patients with such severe medical conditions are usually sad if not clinically depressed, it can at times be difficult to determine whether emotional responses to their illnesses are distorting their decision-making. (Mcdougall, 2007) If there is any question that depression or other mental illness is coloring the patient’s judgment, then consultation by an experienced psychiatrist or psychologist is necessary to understand the full implications of an incurably ill patient’s request for assisted death. In “assisted suicide,” a patient is still carrying out his own act, but he is indirectly helped by an “assistant.” When the assistant is motivated by compassion for an incurably ill patient who clearly and repeatedly requests help, the act can be ethical and moral, if not legal. If the assistant is motivated by greed, or if there is uncertainty about the rationality or motivation behind the patient’s r