ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The bank chosen for analysis is Samba, which is located in Saudi Arabia. It has consistently performed well in the country’s economy, with current rankings placing at position 3 in terms of the total number of assets. However, the institution still has a lot to learn from its forerunners like National Commercial Bank and Al Rahji. Some macro environmental and internal forces may be affecting how effectively this institution is carrying out its work. Critical analysis of the business environment A PEST analysis of the business environment shows that economically, Saudi has one of the strongest outlooks in the world. As a result, investors need to consider expansion and other investments in business. It is currently ranked 12 th in terms of ease of doing business (Credit Agricole, 2012). The countries tremendous oil reserves are likely to sustain it in the near and long term. However, this also exposes Samba Bank to oil price fluctuations. It is necessary for business players to consider diversification into other sectors. If oil prices do not rise substantially, the inflation may be kept under control. Overall, the economy is poised to grow at a promising rate of 5% per annum. In terms of the political environment, the government plays a considerable role in encouraging foreign investment by opening up its borders. It has private key sectors of the economy like gas, telecommunications and petrochemicals. However, not all areas will be opened to private players since oil production, drilling and exploration are still highly restricted. Investors often enjoy the right not to pay taxes on personal income, and are not obligated to pay import duty concessions. Furthermore, land is relatively easy to purchase. However, exposure to regional instability may play a role in the country’s future competitiveness. Also, succession within the Saudi Kingdom is complicated and may be subject to control by the royal family since it is open to about 20 brothers. Social factors that relate to the industry include a shortage in housing finance. This puts off potential foreign investors and also diminishes profits that can be derived from such a business. Labor in these nations has been the subject of much debate and criticism. Revenues from oil have pushed the cost of labor thus minimizing growth in non-oil sectors like manufacturing. Natives demand higher pay, which businesses are unable to sustain thus explaining why most laborers are foreign. No trade unions are permitted in the country, so it relatively easy for employers to control labor costs. Additionally, there is no minimum wage in the country; this makes worker’s welfare susceptible to abuse; notwithstanding, Samba, stands to benefit from this. Women scarcely contribute to the country’s workforce thereby minimizing total output. Saudi Arabia is currently embracing information technology for business growth. A number of investments have been made in s
Introduction To begin with, it is necessary to mention that the types of adult conflicts vary essentially. Originally, it is regarded as the opposition of the points of view, needs, requirements, values, or interests. It is a concept that is claimed to explain numerous aspects of human life, including social disagreement, conflicts of interests, and fights between individuals, groups, or organizations. Westerfield (2003) states the following: “Without a clear social arrangement, conflicts in the social sphere may be the result of stress or tensions. Ifs some interpersonal conflict occurs, the effect of this conflict is often broader than two persons involved, and can influence lots of associate personalities and relationships, in a more or less adverse way.” Analysis From the point of view of the definition of the conflict, it is necessary to point out that there may be several types of interpersonal conflicts. Generally speaking, they differ in the means of responding to the opponent and the behavior of the opponents. As for the represented case study, it should be stated that three persons have appeared in the conflict situation. The fact is that there are no clear types of conflicts, as the types are mixed, and the parts of the conflict change their attitude towards each other and towards the conflict itself. (Unit 5) There are two sub-conflicts in the allover conflict: Marry – Lenny and Marry – Mike. There is no conflict between Mike and Lenny, as Marry is the defending barrier for Lenny. The conflict between Mary and Lenny may be regarded as Accommodating: Mary forgives Lenny and softens his punishment (makes him concessions). Lenny, in his turn, promises not to come home late or call if he is going to be late. Originally, this may be regarded as a compromise, especially taking into account that both are telling the truth: ‑ Next time, I’ll call, I promise. I really don’t have to be home at 10 for the next four Saturday nights, do I? I’ll do whatever you want around the house. I’ll rake the leaves; I’ll take out the trash; I’ll even mow the lawn—just let me come home late, okay, Mom?” ‑ Oh, okay, hon ey,” she lovingly said to Lenny, “we
Trade has evolved over the history of humanity. As observed by Strayer (2008), each civilization seeks ways to ease the process of exchange of goods and services in order to achieve maximum utility from their possessions. Similarly, individuals struggled in their day-to-day activities in search of new opportunities through which they could ply their trade. As a result, people have crossed political and cultural boundaries giving rise to Trade Diasporas. As outlined in both stories, the lack of proper and standard trading relations among the countries and traders in the past was a major setback to the trading process (Liss, 2004 and Strayer, 2008). The traders were left at the mercy of unscrupulous competitors whose sole aim was to frustrate their search for a better life in the diaspora. Traders were more focused on short-term success and unaware of the benefits of long-term business relationships. As observed by Liss (2004), the challenges facing the Diaspora have been a major setback to the process of trading. The foreign setting presented challenges to the Diaspora, owing to the fact that the response of the natives was unpredictable. As a culmination of numerous factors discussed below, the creation of networks linking the global community eased the way in which trade Diasporas operated. Competition drove traders to the heights of inventing new models of improving the provision of goods and services. As a result, traders were able to access new markets for their products. New markets were an opportunity for the traders to avail goods to satisfy varied human needs. As a result, the traders were exposed to different cultural and socioeconomic settings. The variations in the characteristics of the targeted consumers necessitated differentiation of the goods governed by the specific needs of each category of customers. Integration of the global trading system incorporated the establishment of efficient communication channels. Such communication channels are key to the trade process since, in the presence of competition, information is a strategic tool. The evolution of communication media availed by the invention of information technology provided the traders with the ability to predict demand and supply needs of different geographical locations, thereby reducing the uncertainty lacing market conditions. Armed with information, traders were able to appreciate the needs of their targeted consumers thereby altering the volume and characteristics of the commodities. Under such conditions, the Diaspora was as well-armed as the natives. Similarly, information relating to the intrinsic characteristics of potential consumers was availed to any interested individual. The social-cultural and economic characteristics of the global citizen were common knowledge. As a result, traders in Diaspora were able to interact with natives without crossing cultural and social constraints (Strayer, 2008). By so doing, social and business relationships were carved out of appreci
Sabbath is a day of worship that the Jews observe. It falls on the seventh day of the week that falls on Saturdays. Observing Sabbath is one of the rules in the Ten Commandments given to the Abrahamic religions. The Jews observe the Sabbath on Saturday of every week. They observe it to show their respect to God on the day He rested after completion of creation. From Friday evening until the end of Saturday, is considered a resting period and referred to as the Sabbath; believers are not expected to be committed with any other duty other than worshiping God. The idea of the Sabbath day follows the belief that when God was creating the universe, he worked for six day and rested on the seventh day; Christians thus imitate God as their belief requires. The Jews go to temples on the Sabbath day beginning from 9.00 am after having shared a meal the previous night in observance of the rest day. During the service, the Jews pray, recite biblical texts and sing songs of worship. A rabbi conducts the service. Men and women do not sit together during the service and thus there are separate pews for men and women. The men cover their heads using kippah- a small skullcap. Moreover, they recall the biblical account when Moses was given the Torah at the Mountain of Sinai. The Torah contains the commandment that requires them to rest on the seventh day just as God did after he finished creating the heavens and the earth. Through the observation of the Sabbath, the Jews get a sense of awe for God and his presence. Pathos shows that God is concerned about the welfare of human beings and the human beings show their appreciation for him through observation of rituals that acknowledge him such as keeping the Sabbath day holy as the Jews do to honor their God. The Jews have feelings of God’s need in their lives and through observing the Sabbath they show that they have reverence for him. Through the various rituals such as biblical recitations the Jews show that they are open to God and by observing the ritual they are redirect their attention to God. The Jews believe that man symbolizes God and his authority and thus have male Rabbis who lead the services. Women are not allowed to participate in the service apart from lighting candles on Friday evening in readiness for the Sabbath. They take advice from the male leadership in the temple and Jews who practice the traditional form of religion. The Jews gather in the temple together with their families and enjoy the day through leisurely activities that help them to reconnect and build strong bonds as they enjoy spending the day with their God. They feel that they are doing the right thing by setting apart time to be with people close to them and away from their daily activities. The activities that the Jews are permitted to do on the Sabbath day should not amount to work because this is a day of rest. However, some unavoidable activities are permitted, as it is the logical thing to do, as they make the Sabbath day enjoyable and enhance the joy that the congregants gain from the worship day. Finally, conservative
A jury trial is a court proceeding whereby members of the public referred as the jury, are given the authority and the responsibility to make a legal finding that pertains a case which is then enforced by the judge. The relevance of jury is mostly found under the tenets of Common Law System where they are supposed to analyze the case by weighing the evidence presented before it, usually in order to arrive at a decision regarding questions of fact (Ramsland, 2004). The purpose of this paper is to discuss the process of jury trial cases and its selection. Generally, there are six steps that are involved in trial cases that involve jurors; jury selection, opening statements, evidence presentation, closing arguments, jury instructions and deliberations (Hamilton.com, 2006). As we can see, some of the steps mentioned above are not unique to jury cases alone but are also present in bench trial cases. Jury selection is the first step which basically requires both the defendant and prosecution attorneys to be present in a session deliberated by the judge to pick 12 jurors out of a jury pool (Hamilton.com, 2006). This process is legally referred as voir dire and it serves two major purposes; it enables the attorneys to pick neutral jury and is also a process whereby each side attempts to pick positively biased jurors from their perspective. For these reasons jury selection is hardly a straight forward process and is governed by certain rules of challenging the appointment of jurors; the peremptory challenge and challenge for cause (Hamilton.com, 2006). The instances for peremptory challenge are limited and it’s like an ace, whereby an attorney can seek to dismiss a potential juror without giving reasons where the challenge for cause argument is insufficient to strike out such juror. Once the selection of the jury has been finalized the next step is opening of the statements by the attorneys from the both sides who summarizes the facts of their defense or prosecution and is usually very brief (Ramsfeld, 2005). The third step is the presentation of the evidence by both sides where the jury gets to listen while a judge resides over to address and rule on legal questions that are bound to come up now and then. During this stage attorneys from both sides have the right to invoke constitutional rights such as suppressing certain types of evidence from being presented in front of the jury. At times the judge may hold special hearings at chambers away from the jury in order to discuss and direct the trial process. After presentation of the evidence the attorneys presents the closing argument sim
“I wish my house was underneath Kaunakakai Groceteria…. In my bedroom there’s a secret door up to the groceteria, which I could sneak into at night, after everyone went home. Then I can choose anything I want to eat when I get hungry…. And I would take Maisie and you with me too, so we can get all the ingredients we need to make the biggest laulau dinner, the whole works–day-old poi, lomi salmon, haupia, pipi kaula, and squid luau, just for the three of us, and Poppy.” (9) Blu’s Hanging is one of the most captivating works in Japanese literature. Lois-Ann Yamanaka, the author of the novel, presents a wonderful story about one family, Ogatas, the members of which try to survive in these terrible conditions and not lose their dignity and lives in Kaunakakai. Yamanaka starts introducing the major characters and describes how three children have to live without their mother, face numerous modern problems, and be ready to cope with them. Ivah is the oldest child in this family. She has to take care of her two siblings, Maisie and Blu. She is the author of the citation, chosen for consideration. These words help to underline the fact that this little girl has nothing to do but forget about her own dreams and helps her relatives. Even if this phrase is all about food and girl’s dreams, it is not that difficult to find out the issues, which are much more serious and significant. In comparison to her younger siblings, she is introduced as a judicious person. Even in the questions of food, she remains devoted to her own tastes and traditions. The meal that may satisfy the girl is not Asian but Hawaiian. Only “laulau dinner” will stop her hunger. She wants to find her family and herself in Hawaii only. It is their homeland, where they can really be happy and even free. The problem of race and ethnicity will never be forgotten in literature. People suffer so much from such inequality and fear to be used by another race, higher than their own. Specially, it concerns children. They do not have enough power to resist the already existed rules. They have nothing to do but accept these rules and follow the current flow. Their dreams, hopes, and feelings do not really matter. The ideas of violence and power will be al
Today, more than ever before, healthcare institutions are continuously adopting information and technology tools and applications to not only facilitate better service delivery to patients and partners, but also to streamline their business operations and processes (Tan & Tan, 2010). In this perspective, the Chief Information Officer (CIO) survey therefore becomes important for the Health Management Information System (HMIS) industry because it assist health institutions to project current and future informational and technological needs (Dearstyne, 2010), not mentioning the fact that it provides quantifiable and easily interpretable data on the industry trends, and how customer or patient feedback could be used to streamline service delivery in healthcare settings (Tan & Tan, 2010). More importantly, CIO surveys assist health institutions to collect important data while engaged in the development of customer service programs for clients. For example, a CIO survey would be mandatory when a health institution is charged with the responsibility of developing a web-based enterprise architecture or customer service system that would permit subscribers to access and manage their health profiles and benefits while employing online protocols. According to Tan & Tan (2010), “…hardware includes all physical devices (machines, storage, and input/output devices) that constitute a computer system” (p. 86). The convergence of technology witnessed in the 21 st century has endless possibilities into the management of health information. In this context, the choice of hardware investments for HMIS future should be informed by, among other things, the capacity of the hardware to provide efficient and timely services to customers, capacity to reach a wider audience, capacity to be integrated onto a web-based framework, and ease of use (Carnicero et al, 2006). Traditional hardware investments for effective HMIS implementation included the central processing unit (CPU), primary and secondary storage, and input and output devices (Tan & Tan, 2010). With advances in technology, however, healthcare institutions must start thinking about new hardware investments that can be incorporated in their already existing health management information systems for effective and efficient management of important patient information. Consequently, some of the hardware investments that need to be considered as key to HMIS future include: new payment models, generally referred to as bundled or episode-based payment; electronic health registers (EHRs) for faster accessibility of pa
Introduction With great power comes great responsibility. Franklin Delano Roosevelt was the thirty second president of America. He was one of the greatest American presidents because he helped the nation go through the great depression and also guided the country during the World War II. Franklin Delano Roosevelt was the only president to have been elected for four terms in the office (Schuman 108). He made sincere efforts to bring prosperity back to the United State, restored confidence and measures protecting popular savings in the bank. Also among his achievements included passing of laws favorable to the common people and came up with a legislation establishing unemployment insurance and old age pension. This president was among the greatest president in America and thus this article will explain his term in the office, the Pearl Harbor, World War II and Manhattan project which happened during his reign. Franklin Delano Roosevelt office term The tradition in United State allowed Presidents to serve for a maximum period of only two years. Franklin Delano Roosevelt served for four terms and thus became the only president to break this precedent. He ran for and was elected to a third term in 1940 and was then elected to a fourth term in 1944. The rationale for President Roosevelt running for these additional terms in the office was the perilous times in the early 1940s, as American faced the possibility of war in 1940 and was in the midst of war in 1944 (Schuman, p. 108). When President Franklin Roosevelt broke the custom of two terms, a campaign began to enact a constitutional amendment to limit presidential terms. This amendment limited presidents to two terms in the office. If someone succeeded the president in the office and served more than two years of the original term, he would then be elected to one full term. Pearl Harbor On December 7, 1941, Japan attacked the United States with surprise at Pearl Harbor. It was a deliberate attack by naval and air forces of the empire of Japan. This shocked all the Americans as Japanese even made a second run at the United States the following morning. In its efforts to move to the modern age, Japan realized it had little or no oil, gas and other raw materials. Japanese military decided to expand to the countries that had these raw materials. Japanese increasing hostility created concern to the United States and Europe. Since some Japanese feared war with United States, a peaceful deal was to be strike to settle the differences of the two nations (Hill, p. 221). In spring 1940, the United States pacific fleet moved to Pearl Harbor. The Japanese believed that the United States could use the island as a base t