ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The article talks about folklore literature in the west and various factors that encouraged its growth and failure in various states. It describes how folklore societies in various western states came into being and how people responded to this new awakening. For instance, in Texas, the state’s folklore society contributed immensely to the growth of modern folklore literature in the mid west. The society organizes several annual meetings where members interact and share ideas to improve their own creativity. A crucial indicator of its success is shown through its members, who work hard to advance scholarly discourse within and outside the state. These folklore publications focus on a wide range of topics and they appeal to both young and old readers. Consequently, Texas folklore writers have gained recognition across the state because they appeal to diverse categories of readers that are interested in getting new insights from different types of published literature. Developments in other States Developments in modern folklore tales have also been witnessed in other states. In the 1940’s, the Missouri folklore society published its own collections of ballads but later on, the society has not been able to publish new content from its members. This is due to the fact that many of its active members went on to other pursuits and they did not dedicate their time and efforts towards developing new content for publication. On the other hand, the Kansas folklore society’s achievements encouraged different scholars in Nebraska to form the Nebraska folklore society in the early 1960’s. However, it was not able to sustain its operations for a long period of time and by 1965, it had become dormant. Even though some of its members contributed their writings to newsletters and journals, many of them did not take part in meaningful projects. New Mexico’s folklore society was heavily influenced by achievements made in Texas. Many of its folklores focused on ethnic, racial and cultural issues that affected people in the south west and how they defined their identity. The University of New Mexico Press in the 1930’s encouraged writers to develop bilingual folklore content which was made part of the educational curriculum. California’s folklore is well represented in the state’s colleges where students get an opportunity to study different types of folklore literature. The University of California served as a talent nurturing environment for folklore writers interested in making a positive impact because they were free to talk about different ideas in their works. The topics covered are diverse and they represent the racial and cultural diversity in the state ranging from Chinese, Mexican, Negro and Jewish cultural works. Therefore, California’s folklore society has set high standards which other societies in the west need to emulate. Colorado’s folklore society has risen to pr
Introduction Nowadays, the high speed of communication systems allows businesses and customers to interact fast and effectively. Email is one of the most frequently used means of communication between the customer and the company. It is especially widespread in sending complaint letters. This paper aims to reply to the customer’s complaint letter. To write a response correctly, additional information was necessary. In particular, the ADA requirements might have been taken into consideration. Letter Dear Ms. Nelson, First of all, let me introduce myself. I work as a Director of Online Courses at Colonial Health Sciences Online. We received a letter from you, in which you complain about our decision to disenroll you from the online test at the end of the course. The reputation and the Code of Ethics of our company do not allow us to be careless in servicing our clients. That is why we put all the efforts to find the best solutions for our clients and do not set aside any complaints. However, we sincerely regret to inform you that after careful consideration our company decided not to take any further steps in your case. We based our decision on the policy of the company, the terms of your contract, and the ADA requirements. Let me explain it precisely. Taking ADA requirements into account, we are obligated to provide you with the testing accommodations you need to complete the course. The Code of Ethics of our company states that all clients must be treated fairly and in an ethical manner. As regards the terms of the contract, we were obligated to provide you with high-quality educational service, whereas you had to pass the four exams to get the credential. The presence in the exam is proved by both your signature and your actual results. We received all the documentation requested from you to confirm your anxiety. In your accommodations request, you mentioned that you needed the time extension to complete the course. That is why the counselor prolonged the deadlines for the three exams. And later you also asked to prolong the deadline for the final fourth exam for work reasons. However, our records show that you were present only in three of the required exams and did not complete the final test. Under the policy of our company, all students absent in any of the required exams are disenrolled from the course. We were not in the position to allow you to retake the exam as it would be unfair towards other students. We look forward to helping you with your professional development. Wish you good luck in all of your endeavors. Best regards, Director of Online Courses Colonial Health Sciences Online Conclusion In summary, it should be said that writing the reply to the complaint letter always requires thinking about the matter from the point of view of both sides. Finding the compromise or giving clear and persuading arguments in your response play the most important role in its success. Besides, the usage of appropriate language is crucial in making it sound. After all, the correct usage of words can do a better job in conflict resolution than only a strict listing of arguments.
The differences and similarities in remembering visual and auditory items are carried out in two researches, “presentation modality on false memory,” and “learning to remember music”. Although the aim of both experiments targets the mental capacity or the faculty of retaining and recalling, it is quite clear that it is challenging to determine which of these two (auditory and visual presentations) is easy to recall. First, it is important to discuss the similarities and differences in research methods. According to the article, “presentation modality on false memory”, two experiments are carried out to give proof to the case. According to an experiment carried out by Smith and Stun, audible presentations increased true memory and decreased false memory as compared to visual presentation. This finding contradicts Penny’s’ research results that that portrays, audible presentation reduces memory loss. It is difficult to explain why the two have different results and have opposite effect of presentation. Maylor and Mo, having the same results as Penny, proposed that the difference in the results was caused by the method research carried. Their use of within subject-design may have caused the difference. In the first experiment, a total of 48 students from psychology classes were required. Critical targets were arranged in the order, from the highest to lowest. They went through three blocks of five study-recall trial. In the first block, study list were presented audibly as the experimenter sat in front of the computer and read them aloud while the screen was blinded form the participants. In the next block, participants were asked to read silently while in the last block, they were asked to read the study list aloud (Clearly and Greene, 2002). In the second experiment, the results from the first experiment were replicated. The procedure was the same as the first experiment except that all stimuli were presented twice in a row in massed fashion. This was to ensure that that all conditions had double presentation. 54 students from psychology classes participated. The material and design were identical with the first experiment. The only difference was in the presentation of the study items. In this particular experiment they occurred twice in a raw. The similarity in the research findings is that, the pattern of results is almost identical in both experiments. Recalling of studied items did not differ significantly between conditions while on the other hand, recognition in visual and read-aloud conditions were different. This is because the first experiment had both significantly higher hits and false alarm rates. The second experiment had double presentations, and this allowed familiarity to reduce false alarms. Statistically, the re
The comparative analysis of the marketing strategies implemented by Zara and its competitor H&M allows indicating the existing deficits in the current marketing plan and providing the recommendations for the necessary improvements if any. Zara as a subsidiary of a parent company The Inditex Group was founded by Ortega Gaone, one of the richest men in Spain in 1975 (“Zara France – Clothing and Footwear – France”). First, Zara stores specialized in low priced popular clothes for women, men and children, focusing on wider audiences instead of individuals (“History of Zara”). The cheap prices and reputation of a fashionable brand are the main characteristics which allow Zara to preserve its competitive advantage nowadays (Ghemawat, and Nueno “Zara: Fast Fashion”). The company H&M was established in 1947 when the companies Hennes when its owner Persson bought a sportswear inventory shop Mauritz Widforss (“H&M Company”). The name of the new shop was changed into Hennes and Mauritz (H&M) (“Hennes & Mauritz AB”). Since then, the good prices and design have been the main advantages offered by H& M to its customers (“H&M Company”). Currently, the main challenges faced by Zara include the international expansion and intense competition in the market sector (Craig, Jones, and Nieto. “Zara: Fashion Follower, Industry Leader”). H&M faces the threats of declining confidence of their customers and intense competition in the sphere (Hansegard “Interview: H & M CEO Views UK Market with Continued Optimism”). Along with expanding to new and exis
Introduction and rationale This assessment was carried out with the objective of systematically collecting information regarding the student’s abilities in the topic of Fractions and decimals. It also aims at revealing what the students already knew as well as their progress in learning different concepts in these topics over a period of seven years. The resulting information from the assessment is intended to be an avenue as far as decision making as well as preparation for instructions and learning as a whole. Diagnostic techniques were applied during this assessment and the resulting information becomes very useful when it comes to perform necessary diagnosis the individual needs for each of the students while helping the educators in making necessary adjustments in the manner they relay instructions to students. Math students were made aware of the objectives of a given unit, for this instance, fractions and decimals. They were made aware of what they were expected to be equipped with by the end of the topic while also being made aware of the methods to be used in assessing their progress as well as the means of evaluation, Flockhart, D. (2007) After the assessment process follows an evaluation step, which involves testing the effectiveness, teaching techniques and the level of curriculum strategies by performing tests on the students’ feedback systems and performance. This step helps in determining the quality of the approach adopted by educators thereby identifying the areas that require adjustments if any. The evaluation adopted here was in such a way that it was in accordance with intended objectives of the teaching systems adopted in teaching math as well as the approach used in passing knowledge to the students.Other factors such as culture, gender and socio-economic activities of the students were also factored into the design of this assessment technique in order to ensure that the mode of evaluation adopted is as sensitive and inclusive as possible. This way the students were set free to express their degree of abilities, knowledge and skills with regard to the topics of fractions and decimals. The evaluation approach that this system opted for is an important avenue for delivering progress related reports to parents and guardians of the students in question. It is also a very important decision making guide with regard to students’ progress in arithmetic skills. An overview of the knowledge of fractions and decimals According to Clarke , D. M., Roche , A., & Mitchell , A. (2008), fractions and decimals form a very important aspect of mathematics and therefore should be given close attention. It has also been found out that the process of teaching and learning fractions and decimals is quite hectic and difficult due to many reasons which include problems arising from interpretation, representation and coding difficulties. It has also been understood that learners and te
Introduction The modern business world develops along with the progress of information technologies (IT) because constantly emerging devices and software provide more opportunities for business to improve their operations, strategies, and relations with customers (O’Brien & Marakas 2011, p. 24). In this context, it is important to focus on the question about the most effective technologies to be exploited in business to contribute to the competitive advantage and stable growth during the following five years. The purpose of this report is to review the emerging trends in IT; assess the suitability of the most popular technologies used to enhance business activities; analyse the implementation process; to provide recommendations on how to utilise advanced IT to stimulate business activities in the constantly changing and competitive business world. Emerging Trends in IT IT specialists focus on the improvement of IT infrastructure and software to address the growing needs of the business world. Emerging Trends in the world of IT include the development of connection platforms for the companies’ workforce to improve productivity and the development of data platforms to enable the effective exchange of data between distant employees. Furthermore, IT specialists work to improve functions of ‘clouds’ used to store and exchange the organisation’s data and make applications used to create the customised business more complex ( Accenture technology vision 2014 report 2014). These approaches also affect the progress of social and mobile computing important to create effective online relations with customers. Cognitive computing is the next step in affecting organisations’ operations and management. Such trends as the focus on digital connection and data platforms, cloud computing, mobile computing and applications, and social computing are important to be addressed in organisations to remain competitive during the next five years. Assessment of the Emerging Business Technologies Cloud Computing Cloud computing is one of the actively used emerging technologies which enables organisations to cope with storing and sharing data. Clouds are virtual offices that allow the storage of the organisation’s data, the exchange and use of information from anywhere and at any time. The benefits of the system are the possibility for employees to access e-mail, enterprise’s resources, and data without coming to the office. Multiple users can access the necessary information and share the required resources that can be reallocated according to the business needs. Thus, costs of managing resources and software are reduced (Choudhary & Vithayathil 2013, p. 67-69). Requirements of flexibility, collaboration, and easy connection are addressed with the help of cloud computing. Still, o
The novel is a literary work whose roots can be traced to the eighteenth century. It came as a break from the traditional prose fiction of the Greeks and the French. Earlier novelists such as Defoe, Richardson and Fielding whose contribution to writing is seen as one that came accidental and also one that was influenced by their surrounding. Although these novelists considered themselves pioneers of this new art form, they did not provide a working definition of the novel, one that would sufficiently describe this new genre and separate it from the old genres. Realism which was associated with the French school of realist seemed to be the only distinguishing feature of the novel from the previous literature writings. This however seemed to suggest that all the old writing before the novel were unreal and fictitious which might not be the case. This definition of the novel was therefore rather shallow and needed justification if it was to be use
The ancient story of Gilgamesh and the flood is found in antiquity and later in another variation of the Old Testament. In the story, ancient deities created a flood that destroyed all living life except those that were chosen to survive on boats (“The Epic of Gilgamesh,” n.d.). It is commonly considered that in the aftermath of the flood, mankind and the planet were given a fresh start. This Mesopotamia region, where the story originates, is considered the cradle of civilization, also known as the Fertile Crescent. This is largely due to its fertile soil and significant improvement in agricultural practices which led to the rapid development of cities and trade routes in this epicenter. The civilizations in the region produce the earliest examples of settled agriculture which allowed for other technologies to prosper. Furthermore, it led to the critical transition of humans from nomadic hunter-gatherers to seasonal farmers (Freeman, 2014). The transition described earlier is the first agricultural evolution occurring in 10,000 B.C. during the Neolithic Period. There are several hypothesized causes of the Neolithic Revolution. Scientists believe that Earth began to warm around this time, leaving the Ice Age. This made the climate and soil more adaptable to plant growth and farming as some of the wild variants of barley and fruit began to grow in the region on their own. Furthermo
Introduction Research has been a useful instrument in many aspects of human life. Other than natural science studies, which are very common among natural scientists, social science research has gained relevance over the recent years. Kurtz (2008) observes that the society is very dynamic. Many activities in society change due to technological developments. Because of this, there has been an increasing desire to conduct research, which may answer several questions emerging in our current society. Social science research focuses on human behavior. Unlike in pure sciences where a specimen can be put in some controlled environment, human behavior cannot be put under restricted conditions. Moreover, a human being can change his or her character or provide untrue answers once he or she realizes that there is a study being conducted on his or her behavior. This would therefore demand social scientists to master the art of studying human behavior. This may not be very easy because in most cases, there is always a need to be closer enough to the object being studied. In case the subject being studied is a human being, it would be challenging to conclude research findings successfully. Human behavior is subject to change. Researchers should note this and device ways of dealing with it. Surveys offer the best way through which human behavior can be understood. A researcher may decide to conduct a study through surveying. Churchill and Lacobucci (2004) assert that a survey has proved to be a very effective method of conducting research. A researcher can decide to utilize an interview method in gathering data. Furthermore, the technique could as well be supplemented with surveying. This is important as the researcher would generalize from his or her own observation and use the results from the interview to validate or modify the study. Research Methods Every research project applies a specific research method to achieve its objectives. This may actually depend on the goal of the project. The researcher in this paper intends to find out the prevalence of drug abuse in the state of Arizona. The society detests the habit of drug addiction. Not many people will admit that at one time or another, he or she was involved in drug abuse. They would provide information that would not expose their behaviors in relation to drug abuse. The researcher therefore devices a method that would back up the findings received from various respondents. A survey could be used to support the interview. For the interview, the researcher designed questionnaires that would guide respondents in answering structured questions. The questionnaire was designed to gather information pertaining to respondent’s gender, their involvement in drug abuse and their encounters with police officers. The researcher was keen to exclude some statements from the questionnaire. In the questionnaire, the researcher deliberately avoided asking questions such as whether the respondent was a drunkard when the accident
Venus of Hohle Fels is possibly the earliest depiction of humans in the upper Paleolithic. The figurine is believed to be made 35-45 thousand years ago. It is carved from a mammoth bone. This discovery tends to inspire historians to believe that this example of figurative art along with other items is an indication of not only upper Paleolithic art and culture, but also religion (Conard 250). What is peculiar about it is the fact that it has oversized genitalia, breasts, and hips, which may indicate an emphasis on a reproductive function of a woman in that age. Before the figurine was discovered, many scientists believed that the culture of ancient Swabia was rather concentrated on depicting their fauna as more than a dozen items of figurative art dated approximately the same period depicted only animals. Unfortunately, it is quite early to speculate on the cultural and religious context of Venus as not much data was discovered apart from cave paintings depicting aspects of daily lives. It could probably be safe to say that art played a mostly documentary role, describing the surroundings and everyday struggles. However, notions of worshipping and early religion can also be suspected. Much of the ongoing debate among historians is concentrated on determining the accurate period of art items from the same place (Garate 288). On the other hand, in Venus’ case, it could be argued that an ancient creator of the piece took artistic thought and idea other than depicting reality as a basis. The intentionally-exaggerated proportions probably symbolized a cult of fertility or some other indication of belief. However, little else is unearthed that could back such a hypothesis. Survival seems to have occupied much of the life of ancient people, which dictates the major topic of their art. Works Cited “Ancient Terracottas.” Getty.Edu . 2018, Web. Conard, Nicholas J. “A Female Figurine from the Basal Aurignacian of Hohle Fels Cave in Southwestern Germany.” Nature , vol. 459, no. 7244, 2009, pp. 248-252. Garate, Diego et al. “At the Crossroad: A New Approach to the Upper Paleolithic Art in the Western Pyrenees.” Quaternary International , vol. 364, 2015, pp. 283-293. “Head of Kind David.” Met Museum. n.d., 2018. Web. Holmes, L., and G. Harbottle. “Old stones, new science.” Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, vol. 248, no. 1, 2001, pp. 75-79. “Sculptural Group of a Seated Poet and Sirens (2) with unjoined fragmentary curls (304).” Getty.Edu . n.d., Web.