ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The Epic of Gilgamesh and the culture of the ancient Egypt have their own similarities and differences based on the historical events that took place in this cultures and the religious beliefs of the two nations. The Epic of Gilgamesh is based on the life of a probable real Sumerian great king named Gilgamesh who ruled about 2600 B.C. Gilgamesh was a supernatural being born of a goddess and a human father. Gilgamesh had great power which he used not only for the benefit of Sumerians but also to mistreat them in several ways. For instance, on several occasions Gilgamesh slept with wives’ of his people which led to them seeking the help of gods. After this incident, a wild man named Enkidu was created by god of creation named Aruru. Later Gilgamesh and Enkidu became friends after fate brought them together as none of them could associate with other people of Uruk. Based on the images of Gilgamesh and Enkidu, we are able to distinguish some of the beliefs and culture of the people of Uruk. Discussion The ancient Egypt was ruled by a king called Pharaoh, and all people believed that he possessed divine and political power to preserve order and justice in the fight with forces of chaos and evil. The king’s position was hereditary unlike in Uruk where Gilgamesh came from a relationship between a goddess and a human being. Gilgamesh himself was divine due to this act of association (Pearson publishing staff, 2004). In the ancient Egypt, people believed in many gods. Each of them had his or her own role and governed a certain aspect of their existence. The gods represented the whole range of natural phenomena and abstractions such as justice, monarchy, protection, truth, etc. The will of Gods ruled and directed the life of the whole Egyptian nation. The Egyptians carried respective rituals and made sacrifices to gods and spirits so that to gain their support and ensure survival and prosperity of each particular family and the whole state. In the same way, Sumerians believed in many gods. They were all conceived as possessing cosmic powers, embodying natural phenomena and being immortal. In the ancient Egypt, the pictures of officials and priests with their, families, and servants were placed on the walls of tombs and statues and sculptural groups were created to commemorate them. These embodiments of human souls reflect the love for life displayed by Egyptians and beliefs in life after death. After the death of Enkidu, Gilgamesh walked a long distance so that he could become immortal but he could not and later he came to appreciate life after death when he was able to communicate with his Friend Enkidu. Another belief that was witness
Each year in the late summer, the Hinduist world honors Lord Ganesh, the god with the elephant head and one of the most beloved deities within the Hindu pantheon. Throughout ten days, Hindus across the globe celebrate the Ganesha Chaturthi. This joyful and picturesque festival develops in private households and public spaces and ends near rivers or water pools following a series of precise rituals. The festival commemorates the rebirth of Lord Ganesh, and it is traditionally associated with abundance and personal fulfillment. Ganesha is the god of wealth, wisdom, and prosperity, and Hindus believe that praying to Lord Ganesh will bring knowledge, action, and, ultimately, success. This paper will provide the background to understand the Ganesha Chaturthi celebration and show how the festival’s meaning has shifted from a socio-political dimension to the commodification of sacredness. Lord Ganesh is the youngest son of Shiva and Parvat and one of Hinduism’s most popular gods. His name is also spelled Ganesha, and he is also known as Ganapati and Vinayaka. His birth is described in several myths. According to one of the most popular stories, Ganesh is the son of Parvati alone (Das, 2018). In this tradition, the goddess shapes a child out of her body’s dirt to guard her door while having a bath, and Ganesh is eventually beheaded when he has tried to stop Shiva from entering. To placate Parvati’s rage, Shiva brings the boy back to life by attaching an elephant’s head to the boy’s body. However, one tusk broke during the operation, and Ganesh is traditionally represented holding the damaged part. The myth of Ganesh’s birth has a symbolic meaning that goes beyond the dramatic story. Parvati shaped Ganesh from her dirt during a process of purification, therefore, inviting the deity. With his inability to recognize Shiva’s divinity, Ganesh represents the earthbound awareness and ego. The head is the source of attachment and sorrows that obstacles the way towards truth and peace (“Ganesh Chaturthi 2020,” 2020). Hence, Ganesh’s beheading is the compassionate act of divinity to eradicate the ego that hinders the merging with the absolute. Further, the elephant’s head symbolizes mindfulness and wisdom, the inescapable steps towards enlightenment. Traditionally, Ganesh symbolizes prosperity, removal of obstacles, writing, and good fortune (Sharma, 2020). The cult of the Hindu god has changed over the centuries, and Ganesh Chaturthi is the most important celebration of the birth and rebirth of the god. The festival starts on the fourth day of Bhadra’s month of the Hindu calendar, corres
Introduction When World War I (WWI) broke out throughout Europe, the then US president declared that the nation would remain neutral in the fight. Most Americans supported this non-intervention policy with no vital interests. Locke & Wright (2019) state that the opinion of the public on neutrality began changing in 1915. As a result, President Wilson sought the approval of Congress to declare war against Germany and America officially joined the conflict on 6 th April 1917 (Locke & Wright, 2019). Consequently, the US domestic policy officially transited from that of isolation to involvement in the affairs of Europe in WWI. Issues that Led the US to Join WWI And Declare War against Germany Although the Germans had promised to stop attacking passenger and merchant ships, they resumed unrestricted submarine warfare on the grounds that it would give them victory in the war. Further, the British, in January 1917, decrypted a ciphered message from the foreign minister of Germany to the country’s minister in Mexico. The telegram proposed a Mexico and Germany alliance in case America participated in the war on her Allies’ side (Locke &Wright, 2019). The Zimmerman telegram news and German’s recommencement of submarine attacks outraged the US public and became the primary motivation behind the decision for America to enter into WWI. Wilson’s Post WWI Plan and its Progressiveness President Wilson still sought peace above everything and, as a result, he publicized the Fourteen Points, which was a principles statement aimed for peace negotiations to bring WWI to an end. The most effective plan in this declaration was the call for the creation of the League of Nations, an international association designed to maintain world peace by restoring an enduring, and equitable global balance based on the consensus of the great powers. Wilson’s plan can be considered progressive because it took several domestic progressive ideas and transformed them into foreign policy (Locke & Wright, 2019). The proposal served as the framework of today’s United Nations, which affords mutual territorial integrity and political independence guarantees to all states. Conclusion WWI is among the most destructive and deadly conflicts that the world had experienced: millions of people died, and Europe was primarily leveled. The issues that led to America’s involvement in this were the German’s resumption of unexpected submarine attacks and the Zimmerman telegram. However, Wilson wanted peace, and he anno
Burger King’s communication objective is to increase the company’s sales by targeting the super fan customers who happens to be young men. These activities are also geared towards ensuring shareholders’ satisfaction, in addition to increasing the company’s share value. To achieve these communication objectives, the organization has put in place plans to communicate and promote products to its target customers. This reminds customers that the most favorite burger is to be found at Burger Kings. An additional communication objective is to increase and improve brand image towards loyal target customers. From a marketing perspective, focusing on the super fan creates the risk of alienating customers who do not fit in this segment. This is because other customers would feel left out by the advertisement being carried out (Kotler & Armstrong, 2006). On the other hand, we can tell from the case stud that the focus on young hungry males has been successful as the company has reconnected with this segment. Focusing on the super fan has both negative and positive implications. For instance, there is a likelihood that Burger King will get fewer customers from other segments. It will also attract few new clients who are not specifically young males. However, the targeted customer in this case, young hungry males, will continue to be attracted by the advert. As a result, more young males will form the major segment in the region. Based on the case study, the young male demographic forms half of all customers visiting Burger Kings. Buzz marketing is a marketing technique that utilizes modern media to create a buzz (Kotler & Armstrong, 2006). Unlike conventional marketing, buzz or viral marketing heavily depends on word of mouth so as to influence the targeted group. It is effective because other than being cheap, only few people are informed of the product being advertised (Kotler & Armstrong, 2006). In other words, the use of buzz marketing goes viral a few days after it has been launched. Buzz or viral marketing targets specific customers through the use of message which fit that segment only thus reducing the overall advertising cost. For example, the Subservient Chicken promotion was a low budget and used faux heavy metal band t
When computers were invented they were first restricted to the military but as time moved on other institutions realized that computers can be used to enhance their productivity. Computers use software programs to perform their duties such as managing payroll services among others. The applications have incorporated data from various sources to enable them execute their functions. The systems are called enterprise resource management planning. According to Ocasio (2007), they make work easier because they are able to receive information from the customers and then process that same data for the required services. In brief they make service delivery to be quicker. The ERPs as they are called have both negative and positive impacts on the military and the industry in general and this paper is meant to review some of those effects. First and foremost, for these systems to be developed both the companies and the military have to employ highly qualified personnel to manage these systems. At this point companies have an upper hand because they can hire experts from overseas or simply outsource their personnel from developing nations such as India which has the most appropriate man power in this field. On the other hand the military hands are tied up because it is unethical to employ someone who is from another country or who is not in the military. This implies that budgetary allocations of the affected bodies, that is, the military and the enterprises will have to swell. This is because both the armies and the enterprises will spend more money in training their staff. When military and organizations are automating their operations they have to evaluate the available software to determine the ones that are compatible with their needs. Inappropriate software could fail the institution concerned. In military operations automation includes the way materials are obtained from the suppliers, from request orders to invoicing the suppliers. For such transactions to be efficient the institutions involved must ensure that security of their transactions is not compromised. This means that they have to employ high tech security tools to ensure that unauthorized persons do not access the data involved in transactions. Leon (2008) explains that automated systems have enhanced the performance of the above mentioned entities compared to when tasks were handled manually. For instance, the US air force is able to deploy jets that are not operated by any human being over the skies of the enemy and at the same time stage an attack on the target. This has helped the US forces to minimize casualties on their side because if the unmanned jet is attacked no one will be injured or killed. Moreover, data or information obtained from the satellite can be used to monitor the
Executive Summary The literature in IT industrial ergonomics point out that it is important to provide a contented work environment in order to avoid suffering from wide-ranging musculoskeletal stress disorders (MSDs) linked with the use of IT device such as the computers. Physiological disorders that could be developed because of strained eye, neck, or back fatigue headache as well as emotional stress can be avoided when better ergonometric designs are applied. This paper will focus on the ergonomic factors that have been put in place by the Ergotron Inc. to improve their computer workstation environment. Ergotron Inc. is a technology firm specializing in the manufacture and use of computers. In fact, a lot have been published on the ergonometric factors that are involved in the improvement of the computer workstation designs. However, this paper objectively aims at providing reasonable anthropometry information and guiding principles, which could be drawn on in generating apt as well as approved human workplace milieu within such corporations and afar. In other words, the paper, using documented information and the anthropometric data, focuses on various ergonomic factors applied by Ergotron Inc. to make its computer workstations friendly and comfortable to the workers. Introduction Ergonomic Factors In the past fiscal years, various technical research studies focused on the human or ergonomic factors that are incorporated in designing workplaces. In fact, the studies have acknowledged that ergonomic factors must be considered when analyzing and implementing systems safety. Most of these researchers state that human or employees take part in the systems disposal, maintenance, designing, management, operations, as well as procurement. Thus, human factors are correlated to the failures and triumphs of the companies systems. Furthermore, various theoretical frameworks appraising the causes of organizational accidents tend to recognize the central role played by ergonomic factors towards ensuring the safety of systems used by human. For instance, ergonomic factors play decisive roles such as acting as sources, barriers, and contributors to recovery from industrial risks as well as safety incidents (Lowe n.d). In any corporation, failure to incorporate ergonomic factors in the management of human resources and production processes could cause stress and accidents that might render the company obsolete. This implies that, proper management of human factors ensures that systems are safe for use and can hardly cause loss of life, stress or harm to the company employees. In fact, ergonomics also dubbed as human factors entails the comprehension of the correlations amid various organizational systems and the employees. This paper aims at analyzing the ergonomic factors in a specific organization. It also offers a proposal on how to make the workplace safer and less physically and psychologically stressful. Secondary anthropometric data will be used in the study while content analysi
Introduction Krispy Kreme refers to an intercontinental string of donut shops that was established by Vernon Rudolph in North Carolina in 1937. The parent corporation of Krispy Kreme is Krispy Kreme Doughnuts, Inc. While vending various sorts of doughnuts, Krispy Kreme’s theme detail is a candy doughnut that is customarily served warm. Alongside their own Krispy Kreme trademark shop locations their commodities are put up for sale in superstores, foodstuff shops, corner shops, petrol stations, Wal-Mart and Target stores in the United States (Krispy Kreme Doughnuts, 2008). Globally, Loblaws superstores and Petro-Canada petrol stations in Canada do sell these commodities. In Australia they can be found in BP service stations and tour centers. Tesco superstores and Moto service stations deal in Krispy Kreme products in the United Kingdom. The corporation’s expansion was stable before its first public offer but gains have dropped off in latest times. Growth began in the 50s decade, taking into account an early on shop in Savannah, GA and elsewhere in the south of the United States. By the 60s, Krispy Kreme was well-known all the way through the south east of the US. Growth into other regions then began. The year 1976 marked a significant time in the corporation’s history as this was the time when it became an entirely owned ancillary of Beatrice Foods of Chicago, Illinois. In 1982 a cluster of franchisees bought the firm back from Beatrice Foods. Sometime in 2003 a test venture was carried out in California to vend donuts through car windows and sunroofs at a full of activity junction. Payments were to be made through wireless technology. Unfortunately the venture turned out to be unsuccessful. In the early 2007 Krispy Kreme started vending whole glazed doughnuts in a bid to attract the health mindful. These ones contain 20 kilocalories and more fiber. The United States Food and Drug Administration authorized firms to truncate to 0 grams in nutrition contents marker even when the commodity hold as much as 0.5 grams or less. The corporation gained from this authorization in its marketing ventures, publicizing their products as having no trans fat. After mid 2010 Krispy Kreme launched a doughnut that comprised the soft drink Cheerwine, which was to be vended in foodstuff shops in the larger Carolina in the month of July. The product was well-accepted. Failures that hurt Krispy Kreme What could be more ideal as compared to a Krispy Kreme donut? Straight from the pullet and sugared, the products are virtually alluring. In a period, Krispy Kreme’s stock appeared alluring as well. The time when the firm went public in 2000, at the height of the World Wide Web whirlwind, c
Introduction The decision making process at Peterson Industries is causing concerns for several managers in the organization. The current situation is the result of growth. In the earlier days, the company was smaller. This made it possible for decisions to be taken at personal level between various managers. This is no longer possible because of the current size of the company, and the geographical spread of its operations. Summary of Findings The three main findings relating to the decision-making problems at Peterson Industries are as follows. First, there is a problem relating to the allocation of resources. The annual resource allocation meeting is proving to be an inefficient method of resource allocation based on the actual business needs. Managers feel that the annual exercise is too intense and only leads to posturing by departments to attract as much resources as possible. Secondly, the company’s organizational structure has weaknesses that are causing an overlap of responsibilities. The Chief Operating Officer (COO) and the Chairman of the International Office both have responsibilities that affect international operations. This is because the COO is in charge of operations and budgeting in the entire organization. This ambiguity leads to delays in the making of important decisions. It also reduces accountability. Thirdly, the company’s prioritization system lacks the confidence of all the managers. A case in point is the incident involving Sam Kells who is the Vice President and General Manager of the Peripherals Division. Kells was uncertain regarding the correct strategic classification of the Peripherals Division. He felt that the Peripherals Division deserved a higher ranking. In addition, Kells felt that according to a publication by the company’s CEO, the Peripherals Division is supposed to have a higher classification in relation to its strategic importance. Problems Based on the findings, Peterson Industries has three main problems. The first problem is the resource allocation process. The current process will lead to a loss of confidence in the systems in use in the organization. If the managers feel that they have to fight for everything, then the acrimony that would follow would damage working relationships. Secondly, the current structure of the organization is a problem. There is a need to reorganize the operations of the company in such a way that the entire international division reports to one person. This will clarify the responsibilities of the person in charge and it will enhance accountability. Thirdly, the company has a weakness when it comes to the prioritization of the strategic business units. It is imperative for all senior managers to understand the reasons behind the classification. Failure to do this may negatively affect working relations. Solutions The solution to the resource allocation problem is the one alluded to by Pierre le Goff. Pierre proposed that the company should have more resource allocation meetings to reduce the competition for resources. This should take place quarterly. Alternatively, the resource a
Introduction Miles Dewey Davis III is a renowned American musician and composer who was born on 26, 1926 at Alton, Illinois. He died September 28, 1991. He is remembered for his contribution towards the development of Jazz music. He was the son to Doctor Davis, who is credited to have nurtured the talent in his son of playing the guitar. His mother was Cleota Mae (Cook, 2007). This paper analyzes the life of Miles Dewey Davis III. Music Career His parents realized their son’s talent at the age of 13 where the father bought him a trumpet and enrolled him to music classes conducted by Elwood Buchanan. At the age of 16, Miles was playing as a professional musician whenever he was out of school. During his final year at high School he was so refined that he was playing as a reliable member of Eddie Randle’s band, the Blue Devils. At the same time Tiny Bradshaw was strongly persuading him to join their band but his mother insisted that he had to finish his secondary school education before joining the band. In 1944, after his high school education, he traveled to New York where he was to pursue his dream without the influence of his parents; however he had gone to the state to study music