ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
In the years following the 9-11 terrorist attacks, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) gained wide spread concern, and today, this disorder that has undergone a great deal of research in psychology and related literature. The relationship of this disorder with past trauma, and the method of reducing the effect of PTSD through psychological treatment and medication, has been studied by various scholars in the discipline. Although there has been a considerable amount of research on the topic since its official recognition as a disorder in 1980, most of our knowledge about PTSD has come from returning war veterans. In addition, some of this research indicates that the differences in the degree of the disorder are due to the varying nature of the trauma experienced by that individual. This paper is a critical study of a peer-reviewed article on PTSD that aims to understand the nature of empirical research on PTSD and deduce inferences regarding the effectiveness of these researches. PTSD research has also tried to understand the effect of previous trauma on PTSD victims and its effect on subsequent exposure to trauma. A study conducted by Breslau, Chilcoat, Kessler, & Davis (1999) tried to ascertain the effect of childhood trauma on trauma infested Vietnam veterans. The research collected a large sample of 2181 individuals who were interviewed over the telephone. They used randomly selected index trauma to detect PTSD. The results of the study indicated that individuals who have traumatic experience in childhood were at a greater risk on exposure to subsequent trauma and at greater threat of PTSD. The empirical study thus pointed out that an individual who had experience childhood violence was more likely to experience PTSD in adulthood. The study indicates that the intensity of PTSD is affected by the number of previous traumatic events in the individuals’ childhood, recency of the traumatic event, and the nature of previous trauma. Empirical research suggested that higher number of exposure to trauma led to greater possibility of PTSD in individuals. It also indicated one isolated exposure to trauma did not hold high risk for the disorder to occur. Further, the research indicated that individuals were at higher risk of PTSD, if they had single or multiple exposures to assaultive violence previously. The research also indicated that in case of assaultive violence such as rape or combat in childhood, individuals were at greater risk, approximately within 5 years period, of PTSD. The data analysis was done on randomly selected 1922 respondents who experienced previous trauma since the age of 5 years. The research findings show that the risk of PTSD depended on the type of index trauma. In this assaultive violence concurred greatest risk. Further, the research also showed no significant relation between age and PTSD. The research findings supports the initial hypothesis that previous traumatic even causes greater risk of PTSD in case of subsequent trauma. The research indicates that when individuals were exposed to assaultive trauma in their childhood, it has greater association with PTSD. However, the limita
Situation Employees at a certain enterprise started demonstrating worse results in their work when the concept of their payment bonuses had changed. As they began to receive less money, their motivation to do more disappeared. Analysis The possible consequences of this situation are not positive. As employees work without a dew level of motivation, their performance will surely be worse. This, in turn, will lead to a change for the worse in the company’s achievements. Thus, the company will lose some of its usual profits. As a result, the company’s owners will not benefit from their decision to reduce the levels of bonus because the earnings of the company will become less than before. Recommendation (based on readings and class discussion) In this situation, the decision to lessen the levels of bonuses for good work by the company’s owners does not appear to be wise. Of course, minimizing the levels of bonuses is a way of economizing, but here the consequences of such a decision have a greater meaning. Having a smaller level of earnings, the company will not meet the purpose that its owners have. They will not be able to enlarge their income using economizing on motivating techniques. Instead of lessening the bonuses, the company’s managers should develop better strategies for motivating their workers so that they could guarantee higher levels of the company’s earnings. Among such motivation, strategies are developing a more detailed system of bonuses and offering prizes for special achievements at work. For example, if an employee can do more work during one’s shift, he or she can be motivated by an additional 15 % extra charge for every additional piece of work. If an employee spends more time working than it is assumed by the agreement and earns more profit for the company, he or she can be offered a subsidized voucher for a holiday trip at the end of the working year. The company’s management may develop a detailed system of such motivation so that employees could have a stimulus to achieve more in their work. In addition, the company’s employees can be motivated to receive an additional education to improve their qualifications if their working results are considerable. This will add to the workers’ commitment because they will acquire a chance to have higher levels of payment due to the new qualification. Another effective motivation factor is an opportunity for professional growth. If an employee knows about the chance to have a higher position with a better level of salary, one will be motivated to work with greater commitment and be loyal to the company rather than to search for better opportunities somewhere else. Finally, the company’s management should also add to the level of motivation of the employees. First, a manager should create an inspiring atmosphere within the collective body of workers where all of its members will have a due level of respect. Secondly, a manager may motivate each worker by employing personal meetings and correspondence aimed to help the employee cope with his or her difficulties that arise at work. Thirdly, a manager should be watchful regarding all the possible difficulties that may
The Greyson Company should maximize scarce resources and lessen expenses to increase profits. The case study focuses on the effect of the decline in the demand for the company’s products and services. The case study includes a study of the company’s growth stage. Greyson Company must exert all efforts to increase the company’s revenues and profits (Fifield 260). The case study focuses on an impending event, product demand slide, in all organizations. All organizations go through four major stages. The stages are introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. Currently, the Greyson industry is firmly planted in the decline stage. Historically, people have replaced the previously popular typewriter with the computer. The desktop computer is being threatened by the latest desktop computer is being threatened by the new iPod marketing scene. The car industry is characterized by the diversity of car models (Fifield 239). The case study is a reflection of the real world. Each company must continually maximize its scarce resources to outmaneuver the competitors in the same market segment. The case study shows vivid pictures of the world of the affected parties within an organization. Managers must continue to strategically implement organizational goals or objectives. The goals and objectives include increasing and revenues and profits. The case study correctly focuses on the organizational profits-based goals and objectives of Greyson Company (Fifield 148). Further, the case shows the plight of employees in all companies in a crystal-clear manner. Employees work for the sake of achieving their security of tenure. The employees prefer salary increases. Employees expect seniority in terms of retrenchments, promotions, and other benefits. Employees expect to work in comfortable environments. This is common in the aerospace industry. The decline in the demand for missiles is brought about by the reduction in the United States’ war policy. The Bush Government is popular for its Iraqi invasion policy. The Greyson Company can supply the missile needs of the Bush Government during the Iraq War. However, the case study shows that the government has reduced its missile production requirements. The Greyson Corporation case seems realistic. All countries have an aerospace program. Some countries purchase missiles for their defense and offense military programs. All companies are beset by labor strikes. All companies are beset by decline demand for their products and services. All companies must maximize resources to keep abreast of the competitors. All companies are faced with retrenchment situations. All companies must generate enough revenues to defray the company’s costs and expenses (Fifield 221). Other industries have the same problem. The food industry has been extremely affected by the new health-based advertisements. The changing client demands contribute to fashion changes. Smoking is hounded by health issues. The intoxicating drinks industry is confronted with health concerns. The changing demands contribute to car model changes. The fast-food chain industry is hustled by health issues. It is very important to show related experience
Introduction California is the third largest and the most populous region in the United States of America. This state holds an important social, economic, and political part not only in the US but also on a global scale. Therefore, this paper confirms the significance of California to the US and the global economies. It substantiates this position by exploring the social, political, and economic strengths and weaknesses of this state. To achieve this goal, this paper will illustrate the reasons behind its significance and factors that have led California to ascend to its status. California’s Interstate Agriculture According to the USDA report, California leads in farming among all states in the US. 1 The main areas that California takes the lead include vegetable and fruit processing, bakeries, manufacturing of dairy products, and animal butchering. In not only agriculture, but California also takes the lead in the production of walnuts, almonds, dates, figs, kiwifruit, pistachios, pomegranates, grapes, and figs among other commodities that amount to 99% production nationwide. Furthermore, the state has the capacity to produce 50% total value in melons and vegetables for the US. California is the leading state producer of almonds. The product forms the state’s principal export that generates an average net income of $3.4 billion annually. Figure 1 below shows the state’s farming statistics. 2 Its 80,500 farms yielded a product that generated close to $45 billion, which contributed to 11% of the US income. About 400, 000 people have secured jobs in these farms. This figure is averagely 2.6% of total California jobs. In addition, as shown in Figure 2, California is the leader in dairy production with more than 1, 500 farms and 1.8 million cows that generate close to $6.9 billion from milk and cream. 3 California’s Economy Data from the Legislative Analyst’s Office Report ranked California’s economy in the eighth position in the world in 2014. 4 It’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was the US $2.2 trillion. According to the World Bank data, as reflected in the Legislative Analyst’s Office Report, California’s economy is slightly smaller than that of Brazil, yet Brazil’s economy ranks seventh in the whole world, above Russia and even some of the industrial Group of Eight (G8) economies such as Italy and Canada. 5 Figure 3 be
Introduction Buddhism is a religion based on faith, but it is not entirely based on the blind faith where the Buddhist follows everything proclaimed in its teachings. The Buddhists are highly religious and follow the rules, but most of them do not do anything they term as religious without questioning it. This is according to the Kalama Sutta which states that the Buddhists should not do everything they read without questioning its value. It states that people should use their knowledge, ideas and reasoning to determine the validity of the teachings they have to follow. The religion describes faith as a blind belief in the existence of something they have no proof of its existence. The Kalama Sutta records that all its believers can always belief in what they have a proof of its existence and know that its existence is a reality. The religion does not focus on the existence of things like heaven, hell, or miracles; instead, their belief is on the real things like the Pure Land. They have faith that it is the place where they can put into effect all the teachings in the Kalama Sutta. The Zen of faith is also a part of this resistance to believing blindly in everything that one comes across. The Zen of faith does not encourage the belief in supernatural things. It bases its arguments on four principal fundamentals that include faith, doubt, declaration, and vitality. Doubt and faith enable the Buddhists to lead a life where they are open hearted and open minded (Keown, 2009). The situation enables them to evaluate and analyze things that come in their lives. These faith and doubt, when combined, make the Buddhist’s heart soften to the different circumstances instead of making them resentful and bitter. The Baptist religion, on the other hand, believes in faith and do not question the things in the Holy Bible. Even though, the faith and beliefs vary from one church to the other in the Baptist religion, all of them have their foundations laid on the faith in the Bible. The Baptist religion also known as the “orthodox” religion shares common beliefs based on faith. Among the things that they strongly believe in is the existence of a supernatural being they call God and his son Jesus Christ. The Baptism religion also believes in the existence of the Virgin Mary who gave birth to the only son of God, Jesus Christ. The religion stresses the need to live a life free from any sinful actions that can compromise the faith of a Christian. Unlike the Buddhists who do not believe in miracles, the Baptists believe in the existence of miracles in their lives. The religion also stresses the importance of the vicarious atoning of those who manage to live a holy life while they are still on Earth (Mullins,1935). The Christians also believe in death, resurrection of Jesus Christ and the Doomsday. They also have faith that salvation is the key that can guarantee a person that he/she will attain eternal live, God’s Kingdom is close to the trinity: God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Spirit. The Baptist religion supports all these beliefs with verses from the Holy
Project Summary The present project describes a health promotion program that features a mobile health promotion unit (MHPU) for spreading awareness about the dangers of heart disease. Heart disease in the leading cause of death worldwide and governments around the globe seek to find way to address the matter (Barquera et al., 2015). Additionally, people living in rural areas have a decreased access to healthcare, and therefore are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (Caldwell, Ford, Wallace, Wang, & Takahashi, 2016). An MHPU with the name “Hearty Bus” working together with the American Heart Association (AHA) can improve the situation by spreading awareness about heart disease prevention strategies and providing screening test in areas with low access to healthcare. “Hearty Bus” will have to examination rooms fully equipped and staffed to perform heart disease prevention interventions. The MHPU will travel to a different location every week to increase the coverage of the program. Figures 1-2 provide an outside and inside view of the proposed vehicle for the present project. Figure 1. WellMed Mobile Unit: Outside View (Summit Bodyworks, n.d.) Figure 2. WellMed Mobile Unit: Inside View (Summit Bodyworks, n.d.) Goals and Objectives Goals and objectives for the present project are closely connected to the distinctive characteristics of the MHPU. “Hearty Bus” is a non-profit endeavor that needs significant initial investments to buy the vehicle, furnish it with necessary equipment, and hire qualified staff. However, the project serves a vital cause of improving national health. Considering these statements, the goals of the present project are as follows:   * Increase awareness about the dangers of heart diseases among patients in rural areas;   * Improve access to preventative medical services including screening and patient education;   * Enhance availability of acute care services while providing continuity of care. The objectives of the “Hearty Bus” project are listed below:   * Gain adequate financial support through grants and donations during the first three months;   * Develop a balanced marketing campaign to ensure patient flow;   * Create a feasible program using AHA guidelines for heart disease treatment and prevention. Customers and Stakeholders The customers of the MHPU are people with increased risk of heart diseases living in rural areas. According to Benjamin et al. (2018), the target population of are people with decreased mobility, low level of income, and age 65 or older. AHA is expected to become a stakeholder of the project, as its mission correlates to the objectives of the project (AHA, n.d.). Additionally, “Hearty Bus” will benefit local hospitals, since it aims at providing continuity of care through scheduling appointments with doctors in the area. In short, while the central stakeholders are the customers, there are other entities that have a vested interest in the project. Milestones   * El
The Emirates Airline Dubai Jazz Festival will take place on 25-27 February at the Dubai Media City Amphitheater. This year, the festival will be headlined by Sting, the former lead singer of The Police and Rock and Roll Hall of Fame member. He has won 10 Grammy Awards, two Brits, a Golden Globe, and an Emmy Award, and has had three Oscar nominations. The 63-year-old Sting has sold almost100 a million albums during his career. Also performing at the 2015 festival are James Blunt, Christina Perri, John Legend, and Esperanza Spalding. James Blunt, who will be in Dubai for the third time, will perform on the first day of the festival together with Christina Perri. The 40-year-old Blunt is an English singer-songwriter, who has sold more than 20 million albums and 17 million singles worldwide. He is best known for the song You are beautiful , which earned five Grammy nominations in 2007. He has also won numerous other music awards. Perri is a singer-songwriter from Philadelphia, USA. She has produced two albums and won the Best Music category at the BMI Pop Awards in 2013 for the song A Thousand Years , which was used as the soundtrack for the movie Twilight Saga . The second night will bring the headline act Sting on stage starting 10:30 pm and he is expected to thrill the audience. Lindsey Stirling, an American violinist, and a dancer will also perform on the day. Stirling is one of the musicians, aged 30 years or younger, who are touted to change the world by Forbes magazine. Forbes cites her great finish in the fifth season of America’s Got Talent , and a second spot on the Billboard 200 for her Shatter Me album as some of the reasons for the nomination. She has 5.8million subscribers on YouTube. On the third night, all-time great John Legend will take to the stage together with rising sensation Esperanza Spalding. Legend, who has in the past year dominated the airwaves with his ballad All of you , has won nine Grammy Awards. Spalding is an American jazz bassist, cellist,
Abstract This paper entails a business plan of George’s Winery. It narrows down to only two significant aspects those are the operations plan and the financial plan (Pinson, 2008). George’s Winery is an online business that deals in the production and marketing of red wine, as well as white wine. This plan describes the operations plan in terms of the staffing, the production process, storage, the work schedule, the number of employees involved at each stage, the risk analysis statement in terms of threats and opportunities of this business (Chen, Yen & Kotha, 2009). Furthermore, since this is an online business, there are descriptions of how the website to the enterprise is to be designed, its features and what makes the website unique as well and by extension the merits this website has over those of potential competitors. Secondly, the paper also describes a business plan for the enterprise (Chen et al, 2009). The financial plan is detailed or described in terms of the expected returns on the business, the ownership of the enterprise which is a limited company, the sources of the funding and how that capital will be spent and finally the volume of sales needed to cover both fixed and variable expenses. Briefly, this paper describes engages only into two major parts of the George’s Winery business plan which are the operations plan and the financial plan. George’s Winery is an online business (Karlsson & Honig, 2009). Operations Plan The website of George’s winery This business is majorly an online business where customers or clients will have to place their orders online through browsing through the site that will be available for free access on the internet. The website will be designed in a manner that will enable it to display all the company’s products that are majorly the red and white wine (Chen et al., 2009). The website will operate in this manner. The willing buyer goes to the site and views the various brands of wine that are available together with their quantities and pricing (Karlsson & Honig, 2009; Zimmerer, Scarborough & Wilson, 2002). After considering the various available products, the customer will select the available brands that he or she requires purchasing and the purchase option will appear (Chen et al., 2009). After clicking on the buy button, the customer will be necessary to feed in their credit card number as well as the location where they want the products to be shipped by the company (Pinson, 2008). After the system has ascertained that the customer’s credit card number has sufficient funds, then the purchase will automatically be competing and from that point on, the action cannot be reversed. This website will be different from the sites provided by the competitors in that there are no extra charges incurred by the customer for using the site apart from the total cost of the