Abstract The paper below presents a critique of the article “Explaining Mental Health Inequalities in Northern Sweden: A Decomposition Analysis” by Per E. Gustafsson, Nada Amroussia, and Paola A. Mosquera. Readers can study it as a powerful guideline for examining the relationship between income disparity and mental illnesses. The article critique goes further to explain how and why inequality is one of the leading determinants of such people’s social, political, health, and economic outcomes. The major weakness of the selected article is that it fails to present proposals for guiding future scholars to examine the nature and effects of mental health inequalities. Several proposals and recommendations are also offered to guide future scholars in order to reduce the current levels of healthcare disparities. The paper concludes by encouraging communities and governments to implement evidence-based policies to minimize inequalities in mental health. Introduction Sociologists agree that the current level of income disparity in different regions is a major social dilemma that should be addressed using powerful theories and models. This is true because any form of inequality dictates the lives and experiences of many people. The existence of inequalities in a population is a challenge that continues to attract the attention of scholars, sociologists, and economic experts. The outcomes of inequality in societies range from poor mental health outcomes to poverty. The selected article for this discussion focuses on poor health outcomes in persons with mental illnesses. The thesis for the paper is that economic inequality in this specific population should be addressed because it is capable of influencing societies’ behaviors and norms, goals, and mental health outcomes. Critique Article Summary The selected article begins by explaining why the level of economic inequality in different regions has increased significantly within the past few decades. This problem is identified as a social ill that affects the lives of many people in different parts of the world (Amroussia, Gustafsson, & Mosquera, 2017). Whenever there is disparity, numerous challenges tend to emerge, including increased cases of mental illnesses and slowed economic development and growth. Focusing on the case of Northern Sweden, the authors assert that existing income inequalities tend to affect members of the highlighted population negatively. Patients suffering from mental illnesses will find it hard to achieve their objectives and expectations. The disparities associated with this population are catalyzed by numerous factors, including employment status, cash margin, and income (Amroussia et al., 2017). These problems affect individuals with mental illnesses in Northern Sweden. Using evidence-based arguments from different publications, the authors argue that economic disparity affects citizens in both the developed and developing countries. Consequently, citizens find it hard to acquire adequate resources to support their goals in life. These challenges explain why such countries tend to record reduced economic growth rates. The affected individuals usually record negative health outcome