ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The movement of Caribbean people between the islands and into other countries has resulted to greater integration of the subcontinent into the international economy. This is a good thing for the areas because it emigrants make people more aware of the area and thus choose to visit during holidays. This is a positive scene considering that most inhabitants of the area were taken from their ancestral African homes. The increasing ties between the sub-continent and other areas of the world is also encouraging given that it is all voluntary as compared to the interaction that had existed in just a century ago. Ancestors of the current population went to the Caribbean unwillingly and were still restricted to move from the area. Even after the end of slavery and Caribbean islands gained independence from their colonial masters, it was hard for people to move between the islands because of the strong ties they had developed with their respective localities. In addition, there developed classes among the Caribbean populations after the end of slavery; class society continued through independence period and still has some presence today. The first emigration between islands and in other continents, especially North America and Europe, was facilitated by the emergence of industrial revolution. Moving from one island to the other depended on the sugar plantations that were more less the main economic activity in the region until early 20 th century. However, industrial revolution opened some extractive industries in the area and ended the dominance of agriculture as the primary economic activity. The subsequent adoption of capitalist economic systems is credited with the introduction of several other economic activities that diversified the subcontinent’s productivity, as well as increasing emigration of the populations within the islands and into other continents. This further resulted to the de3creasing ties between the classes in the region because people were integrating with each other more often. Immigration of other people from rest of the world into the region also helped in reducing the extensity of class society in the region. In recent time, especially since mid 20 th century, education has played the biggest role in ensuring that class society was decreasing in the region. This is because children from across all classes accessed education, which usually determines the class one has to fit in, considering the benefits is equal across all peoples. The only downside of education in equalizing the society has been the fact that children from families considers to constitute higher places in society receive better education that comes with better jobs and opportunities; their counterparts in lower classes could continue to reel in poverty that had characterized their ancestors lives. The migration patter in the Caribbean has always followed the pattern of economic activities in the region as well as in other continents. First, the emigration followed the demand of sugar plantation workers during the 18 th and 19thy centuries. Secondly, the migration of
The structure of space in Poe’s “The Masque of the Red Death” In “The Masque of the Red Death”, Poe uses space to define division and a sense of safety. His country is being ravaged by a type of plague and his subjects are dying just beyond his palace walls. In his mind, his safety is assured by the space placed between him and the plague by the castle walls. In his imagination, Prince Prospero imagines a perfect world where he can banish death simply by converting the idea of the plague from a terrorizing, death embodying illness to something related to revelry and fun. Of course, he fails in his attempt at both simply because death and time go hand in hand. Eventually, time will run out, regardless of the space you place between yourself and death and then the grim reaper will finally have you. The arrangement of the rooms and furnishings inside Prospero’s castle The rooms in the short story are arranged from east to west, in real life, this direction indicates the rising and the setting of the sun. The color schemes he chooses also indicates a pattern of life cycles as indicated by mood colors. The clock in the black room, which looks as hideous as it sounds, serves a reminder to Prospero and his guests that time is constantly passing and each 24-hour cycle that passes signifies the end of one day (a representation of life) and the beginning of a new day (new life). For human beings, the end of a day is dark and sad, typical of the representation of death. Therefore, the clock represents the coming of death. The symbolism of the Red Death The Red Death is the symbol of radical egalitarianism from that era and served as the great equalizer of society. It affected everyone, regardless of wealth. The figure gets into the castle to kill Prospero because they have a masque ball wherein the guests are required to wear costumes. So, death easily slips in as a guest at the party. He has Prospero chase him from room to room in the palace to help Prospero come to an understanding of his life and why he finally has to die. Since he served as the lord protector of his guests, he ultimately led them to their doom as well. Making the job of Death easier by gathering them all in one place for easy picking.
During the dark ages, justice was applied selectively basing on race and gender. People of color had no full rights especially when interacting with Europeans and other powerful races in the society. The law always favored the whites, people of other races lived at the mercy of the whites. In today’s world, equality is embraced everywhere including places that were worst hit by the vice. Each creature is being awarded freedoms and rights. Thus, even trees and animals deserve their rights though they may not be equal to those of humankind. Governments and the society in general should develop some laws that will govern interaction between humankind and nature. The writer argues that to some point, the environment should be treated in the same way human beings are treated meaning that companies polluting the environment with emissions should understand that the environment feels the pain. The courts are challenged by the writer to offer grant to the right holding, which will be the only way of ensuring safety and polluted free environment. The writer observes that as per now, natural objects do not have rights. The courts in most cases favor the property owning human beings in deliberating over environmental pollution. The writer accuses the courts for siding with powerful multinational corporations to destroy the environment by allowing them to deposit waste products at an expense of associated consequences. The writer cautions that the judicial authorities are not aware of the costs involved in making and maintaining forests such as reseeding, repairing watershed and restocking world life (Stone 177). Stone is upset with the fact that either most of the natural objects have no rights holding but instead the owners, the government or private owners are granted their rights. Natural objects are treated as mere objects that are readily available for man to utilize them. Even if they are polluted and compensated, the proceeds do not go into upgrading them instead the owners diverge the proceeds into other activities. The natural objects, just the way people of the color were treated, exist at the mercy of the alleged owners who are keen to preserve and maintain them. Stone is optimistic that efforts are being made to see natural objects have their own standing rights. He postulates that such rights will not be attained through nature’s efforts but instead through the well-wishers who have the interests of preserving nature at their hearts. Such groups will come up through requesting guardianship of deprived natural objects. The groups will further be willing to hire competent lawyers to represent natural objects in courts. The well-wishers need to be given more powers pertaining to the management of forests such as coll
The term “Art Nouveau” is translated as “new art” into English and is used when speaking about the international art style of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The Art Nouveau works of art are characterized by the use of the new materials and technologies from one side and the motives of the ancient myths and spiritual world on the other. Sinuous and non-geometric lines, often depicting leaves and flowers, were widely used in order to make nature the most important decoration. Nature, works of art, and all the ordinary objects were intended to form a harmonic unity. Victor Horta’s Tassel Hotel is considered to be one of the brightest examples of the Art Nouveau style, some scholars name it the first Art Nouveau building in Brussels and the first example of a building designed in this style in general. Built for Edmond Tassel, a Belgian scientist and professor, this building motivated lots of architects for further work. Being inspired after the exhibition of 1892, Horta decided to put the theory he had learned into practice. The curvilinear botanical forms used were only one and not the brightest peculiarity of the new style he was going to work in. The building consists of three separate parts – made of brick and natural stone are not very interesting for analysis and are rather conventional as a matter of fact. A steel structure covered with glass connected these walls, containing staircases and landings. The natural light came into the building through the glass roof, and it was a very interesting design decision, further widely used in other projects. It was Horta’s invention to use modern materials in domestic architecture. For example, the classical columns and moldings of the building are made not of traditional stone but iron
Introduction Counseling can be outlined as a process where the psychological well-being of a client is enhanced and well-focused and able to reach his/her full potential (Stein H. 1991). However, Alfred Adler who had turned out to become a very vigorous and successful person had an Adlerian theory, which is individual psychology. Moreover, this theory had become a single motivating force, which was behind behavior and experience. He called this motivation force the striving for perfection of which he later comes to call the aggression force (Stein H. 1991). Alfred Adler’s theoretical model Through Alfred Adler’s theoretical model, he came to articulate his theory of personality and system of psychotherapy (Stein H, 1991). However, there is the relevancy and practical application of Adlerian theory in the framework of counseling the center of Adler has incorporated compound of philosophy, practice, and theory was an optimistic vision of life. Effectively, through counseling, he showed that human beings were capable of replicate cooperation in living together and motivating for self-improvement, self-fulfillment, and giving to the common welfare of which he offered as value-oriented psychology. This Adlerian theory predicted that if human beings do not cooperate, in due course they would have the possibility of annihilating each other (Ursula E, Alan E. 2002). Adler distilled the application of the human condition into one main idea of which he relevantly brought the concept of the social human. Moreover, people are practically interconnected with others and the environment surrounding each of them. This is effective with concern to the counseling framework and the personality development of the human condition. However, still, on the relevancy of the Adlerian theory, Adler had a view of psychopathology. He conceived of psychological disturbances occurring in the presence of two main conditions (Stein H. 1991). These conditions were inadequately residential feelings of community and the next one being on inflated business feeling (Ursula E, Alan E. 2002). Under these two conditions mentioned that are pinpointing to the framework of counseling, an individual might undergo or expect failure before a task that seems impossible and may become depressed. When a person is discouraged over something, he expected he/she turns to fictional means to relieve their inadequacy feelings. These fictional means are tricks used to avoid impossible difficulties. Generally, these tricks give one a confronting but flimsy feeling of dominance. For example, a man who was pampered a child may give up looking for work and is disc
Summary In their article “Values, Rewards, and Work Conditions as Factors in Job Satisfaction among Men and Women” published in 1987 in The Sociological Quarterly, Janet L. Bokemeier, and William B. Lacy address the issue of increasing the staff’s performance quality by considering the factors that allow increasing the employees’ engagement rates. According to the authors, job satisfaction is a crucial characteristic that must not be overlooked by an organization, and that can be affected by a variety of factors from an occupational status to financial incentives. The authors used the model suggested by Kalleberg, Griffin, and Loscocco to prove that both the objective nature of the positions that employees take and the subjective interpretations of the staff’s workplace responsibilities constitute the job satisfaction levels (Bokemeier and Lacy 190). Using the theoretical model of satisfaction suggested by Kalleberg et al., Bokemeier and Lacy have singled out four crucial factors that define the satisfaction levels among employees, i.e., rewards, organizational values, workplace conditions, and attitudes of the staff (Bokemeier and Lacy 191). According to the research outcomes, there are minor dynamics between the positive changes in the financial situation and the engagement levels of the staff. The connection between the job value and the engagement levels, in turn, is more complex. Workplace conditions, reasonably enough, also determine the satisfaction rates to a considerable degree. Particularly, the levels of autonomy shape the degree of satisfaction considerably. As far as the individual attitudes are concerned, the differences in the perception of the social significance of work in men and women define their satisfaction levels extensively (Bokemeier and Lacy 200).The connection between job satisfaction and psychological functioning has been confirmed, as well. Response Job satisfaction and the levels of motivation have been viewed as essential constituents of the staff’s performance for a good reason. There is no need to stress the fact that, when experiencing satisfaction from accomplishing a particular professional goal, people are likely to deliver better performance. Bokemeier and Lacy’s research raises a range of questions associated with how individual differences and external factors may affect satisfaction levels. The idea that job values shape the staff’s perception of their position and, therefore, their satisfaction levels can be viewed as dubious, though. The reasons for the controversy around the concept include the fact that job value may stem from the employees’ acceptance of the corporate philosophy, as well as their personal perception of the job. Thus, the ambiguity that surrounds the concept may require a more extensive analysis of what constitutes job value and how it is determined by the staff and the organization. The concept of the previous experiences defining the staff’s current perception of their jobs triggers a range of important questions that employers need to address in order to
Introduction Online advertising has been one of the leading marketing strategies for most organizations in the recent past. It is proper to mention that organizations have had a great time engaging their customers online especially through social media like Twitter blogging, Facebook pages, Google pages and online television services. The moment a new product is introduced into the market, organizations enjoy a formidable force that ensures customer awareness creation. Offline interactions among customers ensure knowledge of the new products. This kind of advertising ensures rapid acknowledgement of new products, services and after sale benefits. Hikaru & Nahoiro (2011) stated that online advertising involves firms marketing their products and services through the internet and usually do not rely on one single medium. They usually use various means to promote their products and service and this includes social media. The current technological developments have allowed firms to involve their customers socially via tweets, offline messages, customer acquisition approaches and offline-word of mouth. Research has shown that when customers discuss about a product or service, it can only portray their knowledge about it and the willingness to keep interest for the brand in the long run (Jansen et al. 2009). Search Engines Australian experts in the Tourism sector have found out that online advertising is booming and growing at a faster rate because it is becoming popular among most of the population due to the social approach strategies (Ahasanul et al. 2011). Optimization of Search Engines, abbreviated as S.E.O, refers to the practice of increasing traffic from the ‘unrestricted,’ ‘natural,’ ‘tabloid’ or ‘gradual’ listings on the search engines such as Google, Yahoo and Bing (Armstrong & Barrett 2001). These sites have web pages and other contents such as audiovisuals or local listings which the engines provide in a ranked manner depending on the most important as may be deemed by the reader (Arviddsson 2006). This search masterpiece allows consumers who want to know more about products or services offered by a particular organization to look up the websites or blogs hence obtain desired information. It is therefore right to mention that online search optimization is one of the essentials in the business world in view of advertisements. Search engine advertising is the practice of increasing traffic from or conspicuousness arising from search engines (Chang & Thorson 2004). It is sometimes shor
New technologies are being developed every day. Integration of them into the learning process is extremely necessary. However, there are some issues. The point of education is to prepare students for their future careers but they are distracted by their gadgets. This is a huge problem and laptops should be banned in classrooms in the United States. The issue is that students are distracted from the learning process. Many professors are asking their students to stop using gadgets in classrooms because they know from their own experience that it hinders the process of education.                                                                                                                       The first reason why laptops should be banned is reduced performance. A study has shown that students that had to attend particular classes where laptops were not allowed were showing better than average results and had shown a positive attitude to this change (Aguilar-Roca, Williams, and O’Dowd 1307).                                                Another reason why laptops should be banned is that students browse web pages that are not related to a subject at all. The issue is that it is nearly impossible to monitor which sites are visited, and privacy should always be respected. A study has indicated that the biggest problem is access to the Internet (Fried 908).                            Laptops not only distract the owner but also the students who are sitting close to them (Gross par. 7). However, it should be noted that search engines are extremely useful during the class if a student wants to look-up information about a particular subject.                                                                                            In conclusion, laptops should be banned in classrooms until there is a solution to current problems. Wi-fi access should not be available because students already have problems with attention, and there is no need for other distractions.                                                                                                                   Works Cited Aguilar-Roca, Nancy M., Adrienne E. Williams, and Diane K. O’Dowd. “The impact of laptop-free zones on student performance and attitudes in large lectures.” Computers & Education 59.4 (2012): 1300-1308. Fried, Carrie B. “In-class Laptop Use and Its Effects on Student Learning.” Computers & Education 50.3 (2008): 906-914. Gross, Tal. This Year, I Resolve to Ban Laptops from My Classroom . 2014. Web.
Seven Years in Tibet is a 1997 movie based on a true story of an Austria mountain climber, Heinrich Harrer. The director of the movie is Jean-Jacques Annaud while Becky Johnston is the screenplay writer. The three main actors are Brad Pitt, B.D. Wong and David Thewlis. The movie tells the true story of Heinrich Harrier, who with his great passion and courage, journeys for several years from Austria to the city of Lhasa in Tibet to meet Dalai Lama, a spiritual leader of Tibet. Heinrich Harrer leaves his pregnant wife, Ingrid and sets out for an expedition quite reluctantly since, he resents leaving his wife and being under commands of Peter Aufschnaiter, who is the leader of the expedition. The journey begins in 1939 at the start of the Second World War when Heinrich Harrier and Peter Aufschnaiter together with other members of the expedition group, board a train headed for India on their way to Tibet. The expedition group starts its journey by climbing mount Nanga Parbat. During the mountain climbing, Heinrich Harrier injures his leg and even though he hides it from the expedition group, he attributes it to the failure of the expedition leader Peter Aufschnaiter to rescue him. After climbing down from mount Nanga Parbat, Heinrich Harrier meets a Tibetan explorer who hands him Dalai photograph to be a sign of protection on his journey to Tibet. Unfortunately, British soldiers arrest and imprison the expedition group at the Dehra Dun camp. Heinrich Harrer informs his wife in Austria by writing about his arrest but she furiously replies that she is divorcing him and remarries since their son Rolf is two years old. After making several vain attempts to escape from the Dehra Dun camp, Peter Aufschnaiter devises a way out by stealing British soldiers’ uniforms and distributing them to other captives so that they can sneak out of the camp. Their escape divides them as everyone runs for safety in different ways with Heinrich Harrer leading his group into northern India where he experiences great hunger and steals food from a church, which makes them sick. When they recover, they embark on their journey towards Tibet, but crossing the border pose great challenge to them since Tibet strictly denies immigration and Tibetan soldiers watchfully patrol the border. Peter Aufschnaiter tries to convince the soldiers that he can speak Tibetan language while Heinrich Harrer attempts to bribe a soldier using Dalai Lama’s photo but they do not succeed. Failing to cross the border, Heinrich Harrer and Peter Aufschnaiter devise a way of sneaking into Tibet despite tight surveillance of the border by the Tibetan soldiers and impending war between Tibet and China. They trick a soldier to wear heavy boots so that they can sneak through the border because the