ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The globalisation of economic and social activities has resulted in various complexities and wide applications of technology. Many industries and business sectors integrate their operational systems with the modern technology, which is sophisticated and complex. As a result, Sanders (2015) posits that organisations require employees with appropriate knowledge and skills to handle their operations. The education sector is the context where employees acquire skills through training. What this implies is the necessity of high standards of training for students in learning institutions. According to Danzberger (2012), different institutions have varied cultures and values they adhere to when offering learning services to students. As a rule, countries have different education policies that guide teaching and learning processes in their schools and colleges. Nonetheless, the most important thing to consider is that skills in various fields are generically applied irrespective of those policies or cultures. Therefore, collaborations between schools, institutions and countries with different perceptions and policies would help in creating a robust approach for the management of educational processes (Mitchell, 2012). Education resources are the fundamental elements in learning processes and training of students to gain the desired skills. Schools and colleges have varied resources based on many things. According to Patrinos, Osorio, and Guáqueta (2011), government policies, marginalisation, infrastructure development, inaccessibility of certain areas and technology are among the factors that influence the distribution of resources in the education sector. Through partnerships, schools and institutions with limited resources can benefit a lot through various exchange programs such as workshops, seminars, and training of teachers. Collaboration enhances the pooling of resources and integration of learning processes. Education is a sector that all industries and governments rely on to acquire the needed labor. Without skilled professionals, economic and social contexts of a country will suffer (Council, 2012). Therefore, it is the responsibility of individuals, organisations and governments to ensure that learning processes in schools and colleges are effective. As stated by Steets (2011), the cross-sector partnership is essential in improving skill-based academic performance. Through corporate social responsibilities, business organisations can play a significant role in providing resources to schools and higher learning institutions. Communities can also offer various supports to local schools and colleges. Apart from paying fees and providing students with learning facilities, parents can still offer more support to learning institutions. In this context, Patrinos et al. (2011) argued that collaborati
Management control systems (MCS) are tools used to gather and use information to encourage the behavior of the worker and to assess the progress of the organization (Horngren, 2005). The four MCS are market control, clan control, bureaucratic control and financial control. Market control entails the application of price competition to assess productivity. The management evaluates different levels of profits and prices to find out the effectiveness of their company. For the correct use of market control, it is essential to have an appropriate level of competition. The requirements should also be specified clearly. Market control is not suitable for controlling functional departments. However, it is proper when price for services is determined by competition and it corresponds to the correct value of the services provided. Bureaucratic control is “the use of rules, policies, hierarchy of authority, written documentation, reward systems, and other formal mechanisms to influence employee behavior and assess performance” (Barnat, 2007). This strategy is best applied when it is possible to control behavior with market or price techniques. Clan control stands for cultural values, which is nearly the opposite of bureaucratic control since it depends on values, beliefs, corporate culture, shared norms, together with informal relationships that control the behavior of the worker and aid in attaining the objectives of the company. Companies that employ clan control need truthfulness between their workers given that there is minimal direction and set standards. Workers are presumed to perform well since they take part in coming up with the standards and developing the control systems. Financial control is whereby planning, assessment of output and bringing together of financial activities is done intended at attaining the preferred return on investment. The overall performance of the organization is controlled by the use of financial statements such as a budget, operating ratios and other financial tools. Reference List Barnat, R. (2007). Bureaucratic control . Oracle/Hyperion Consulting. Web. Horngren et al. (2005). Introduction to Management Accounting . New Jersey: Pearson.
Seemingly simple at first sight Juliet Kono’s poem Sashimi suggests more themes for the reader’s consideration than a mere preparing and eating a fish dish. Through the use of this metaphor, the author makes some observations on the differences between Eastern and Western cultures. Not only the Japanese dish with its ingredients speaks for the Western identity but the carefulness and even scrupulosity with which it is prepared and eaten separates the two worlds. One can hardly imagine an American who cares so much about what he or she is eating. With all the fast-food facilities that the Western world of food is crammed with people living there cannot be so demanding to what they eat. The details with which the author describes the way how she puts the ingredients speak for the Eastern people’s character trait of being extremely cautious to everything they cope with. The process of eating is a significant ceremony in the Eastern world that is based on certain principles that are historically maintained and rules that are carefully followed, whereas the Western people feel free during eating. The speaker seems to anticipate this ritual and lets nobody but the one spoken to into it. We believe that the one to who the poem is addressed is a representative of the Western world, the author calls him/her like “you”; this person, going by the author, calls eating primitive. This might imply that the Western people might consider the Eastern traditions primitive but the voice of the ancestors the author speaks about reminds the reader that history cannot be neglected. She states: “Soon you will come to appreciate/the years/behind my palate” (Kono 90). We are inclined to believe that this means that the Eastern world is proud of preserving its traditions and the author believes that one day these traditions will become the heritage of the whole world. Works Cited Kono, Juliet S. “Sashimi.” Hilo Rains Bamboo Ridge Press. 1988: 89-90.
Introduction The evaluation of Public Relations campaign efforts and results is generally made according to several factors. All the factors require thorough and detailed research of the target audience and the means of advertising. For the current project the most suitable evaluation strategy will be the on-line survey, and on-road observations. The former may include questionnaires, and e-mailing to those, who was interested with the Rideshare week. But this may be held only by the administration of Ohio Rideshare, as the e-mails, and other confidential information is concealed. Objectives The objectives of the evaluation actions are to define the participators increase proportion. Taking into account the objectives of the rideshare week, it is necessary to emphasize, that the increase of participants may be defined either using the registration data of Ohio Rideshare, or arranging surveys and questionnaires in on-road cafes and motels. Methods The main measure of PR campaigns is “ad equivalency,” which estimates the cost of advertising in an offered publication against the cost acquired in issuing an article. While there are highly complicated tools for evaluating PR, they are mainly the sphere of huge businesses that can afford their five-to-six-figure price tags. It should be stated that as part of a huge campaign, this is a tiny price to pay for precise measurement. But for businesses on a lesser budget, there are less-exclusive tools that can offer enough reaction for campaign decision manufacturers to make suitable adjustments to strategies. For instance, it is easy to trail whether or not your key messages were entailed in a given story, and if so, were they imaged the way that it was anticipated. If the reply is no, there are comparatively simple alterations that can be created to the delivery and follow-up to guarantee better conduct for further activity. Bey
Introduction The 20 th century saw a wide range of incredibly talented and innovative people, including amazing poets. However, when considering the people that managed to make a difference in the realm of poetry at the time, one must mention Zbyněk Hejda and Josef Hiršal. Known for introducing innovative concepts into poetry, as well as their political activism and the focus on societal concerns, both poets warranted the title of the best poets of the 20 th century. Zbyněk Hejda Zbyněk Hejda’s path toward world recognition was rather difficult. On the one hand, his devotion to art, literature, and history made him reach stellar results in his academic life, as well as become a rather prolific author. His first self-published book of poems made him instantly recognizable among Czech poets of the time due to the sharp and expressive manner of writing (Hilder 188). However, his attempt at rebelling against the regime nearly made him a social pariah. While having joined the ranks of the Communist Party in 1947, he continuously criticized the policy thereof and frequently produced rather caustic poems aimed at building political and social justice within the Czech society of the time. However, with the advent of change in the political landscape of the state, Hejda was finally given credit for his unique style and inspirational ideas. Although Hejda was also widely known for his translations of poems by Emily Dickinson, Georg Trakl, and Gottfried Benn, it is his poems that made him famous (Hilder 188). Hejda’s poems are sharp and minimalistic, which makes the reader appreciate the intelligent and accurate choice of words in them even more. Thus, the expressivity, emotional charge, and eloquence of Hejda’s poems made him one of the best poets of the 20 th century. Josef Hiršal Another poet that made a difference in the realm of Czech poetry, Josef Hiršal must be recognized for his contribution to the development of experimental poetry. Placing a very heavy emphasis on the technique in which poems are written, the experimental genre implies an unceasing search for new tools and methods of expression (Greene and Cushman 140). Hiršal, in turn, reinvented the genre by claiming that the function of speech and its units needed to be reconsidered (Greene and Cushman 140). The poet’s assumption regarding the necessity to breathe new life into words, which must have worn out their meaning to the point where a poet must challenge it led to the creation of bizarre yet marvelous and truly inspiring pieces. Hiršal died on September 15, 2003, yet his legacy still lives and takes a very special place in the poetry of the 20 th century (Greene and Cushman 140). Conclusion Zbyněk Hejda and Josef Hiršal both contributed massively to the evolution of poetry by incorporating innovative ideas into it but also affecte
Cultural Introductions Ever since my childhood, my parents taught me to respect everybody, no matter what one’s race, religion, sexual orientation, gender, status, or ethnicity is. As a result, my American background has become something less crucial when defining me as a person. Therefore, my life experience has begun to seem considerably less significant as it does not serve as an obstacle in my way of supporting and respecting versatile communities and societies across the globe. As a matter of fact, since I believe myself to be highly respectful of every group of people, my main goal remains to develop and further maintain equity in the modern world. The same values and beliefs are shared between nongovernmental organizations as their focus remains on enhancing the wellbeing of societies and solving the social problems that their members encounter. In other words, my desire for bringing a social contribution and volunteering is incredibly essential for nongovernmental organization activities and operations. Not to mention that such institutions are highly focused on creating a positive contribution to the growth and the development of our society on the whole. My experience with nongovernmental organizations is strongly related to public relations considering that my principal responsibilities have been developing suggestions and designs of improvements for the explicit community. I have also participated in unusual activities for me, such as public advocacy all around the world. In addition, I have learned more about leadership and begun to be more active when helping people to enhance their health and wellbeing. Such an internship has been purely based on daily teamwork, which also assisted me in developing crucial communicational skills. Overall, my experience with nongovernmental organizations has been insightful since I managed to help the impoverished communities in various countries across the globe. Additionally, this experience has played a pivotal role in me realizing the true value of non-profit help to those in need. Another critical point is that I realized that making assumptions about one’s culture based on common stereotypes is wrong and usually not true. In fact, individuals of the same cultures will never share similar traits, personalities, or behavior. Leadership in International Nongovernmental Organizations — Interviews To begin with, both Steven Matarelli and Sam Ormond are similar in their leadership characteristics as they are highly respectful of different cultures. In addition, they are ready to develop their knowledge of other communities and find new approaches to build better connections with staff (Organizational Assessment and Development, 2021). However, Kelly Thompson seemed more obligated rather than pleased to follow the traditions of Muslim people to maintain effective relationships with her staff during the meetings. Furthermore, people’s thoughts on different cultures and attitudes to them strongly define their relationships with their staff. Kelly Thompson’s initial idea of the working environment did not include the compulsory greetings of Muslim people (
To succeed in politics, it was impossible to ignore the press and still win the votes during the early political systems in America. It was also impossible to have a government without press or press without government. Press had no noticeable political role in American politics during Jacksonian times. But politicians came to realize the potential of the press in their campaigns and as a result, the place of the press in politics changed for good. This paper will analyze the role of the press in earlier political systems in America in line with the above-mentioned thesis. It will also argue on the basis of three articles written in reference to press and politics. In the first half of the 19 th century, political communications during campaigns for the presidency and party popularity changed to the use of newspapers. Paper editors played a vital role in ensuring the success of their preferred candidates. On realizing the role of the press in politics, Andrew Jackson, through media strategists controlled the contents of the Jackson newspaper to campaign for General Jackson. It was established that campaigns through a newspaper were more effective than even forming campaign coalitions. Politicians who have been journalists understand the potential of newspapers in campaigns. This is what brought Simpson, a journalist and also a political aspirant, to buying Aurora and renamed it Columbian Observer so that he may exercise power over its contents to support Jacksonians living in Pennsylvania (Baldasty 89). John Eaton from Tennessee was also allowed to publish his essays to praise General Jackson. This shows how the press and politicians can work together in pursuit of a common goal. Through the use of papers, politicians can attack their opponents by use of propaganda while praising themselves. In the early 19 th century, editors were paid directly from friends of politicians or indirectly in form of subsidies by governments for publishing and printing of local, federal, and state laws in their papers. This shows a direct link between the press and politicians who were in the current control of the government. Jacksonians in Philadelphia gave financial assistance to the ‘editor in Phil’ in the form of job printing and later re-prints as per the instructions of John Eaton. In the Pennsylvanian campaigns, General Jackson saw it necessary to involve Columbian Observer and Eaton promised to support Sampson financially in terms of publishing and printing. A conflict between editors and politicians can easily ruin the political potential of a candidate. When the promised financial support is delayed, the editor may lose morale in praising his candidate. This is what happened to Simpson. As a result, their opponents became victors when they also decided to support G. Jackson for the presidency and their candidate Calhoun for the vice presidency, snatching it from Simpson, Tennessee Jacksonians, and Pennsylvanian Old Schoolers. Politicians who are not satisfied with the criticis
The Introduction Feminism is not a new concept because many female public figures of the past raised the question about women’s role in society. One of Anne Finch’s poems, “The Introduction,” talks about female writers of her time in the first twenty lines of her text. Finch sarcastically presents gender rights and the absence of them: “Alas! A woman that attempts the pen, / Such an intruder on the rights of men” (Finch, “The Introduction,” lines 9-10). She seems to be incensed by the traditional role that the male-dominated world assigned women: “Good breeding, fashion, dancing, dressing, play / Are the accomplishments we should desire” (Finch, “The Introduction,” lines 14-15). Furthermore, men of her time tried to convince ladies that writing, reading, and thinking “would cloud…beauty, and exhaust…time” (Finch, “The Introduction,” line 17). Indeed, the first twenty lines of this poem openly criticize sexism, stating that women are equally intelligent and talented to men. Still, the established order of that time discouraged many of them from publishing their works. The second part of Finch’s “The Introduction” discusses the role of females in biblical texts. Although people no longer believed in the authenticity of those events, she claims that women of the ancient world were leaders who fought equally with men (Finch, “The Introduction,” lines 45-50). The poet is surprised by the fact that the society that she lived in replaced noble values with discriminatory beliefs: “How are we fallen by mistaken rules? / Debarred from all improvements of the mind” (Finch, “The Introduction,” lines 51-53). Indeed, the poem’s last stanza calls women to remain truthful to their skills even if they have to live in the shadow. To conclude, Finch’s main point in this poem is that the unfair distribution of gender roles restrained women from striving for an education. The philosophy of equality of female and male intellectual abilities marks her as an early feminist. A Nocturnal Reverie Anne Finch’s “A Nocturnal Reverie” is less aggressive in delivering a feministic message than “The Introduction.” The poem describes the countryside utilizing complex word combinations and temporal transitions. Still, the author uses masculine and feminine pronouns to veil the gender gap that existed during her time. For instance, she chooses an owl to highlight that women are wise; therefore, they can become men’s advisors: “Or from some tree, famed for the owl’s delight, / She, hollowing clear, directs the wanderer right” (Finch, “A Nocturnal Reverie,” lines 5-6). Using the example of partridge that calls “to her straggling brood,” Finch wants to demonstrate mothers’ essential role in raising children (Finch, “A Nocturnal Reverie,” line 36). Furthermore, in this line, she shows that humanity became lost in false beliefs about male superiority and women’s inability for any intellectual work. The second half of the poem talks about male tyranny and women’s freedom in a veiled f
Introduction The analysis of parts of the brain has been an object of investigation for many centuries. Modern neuroscientists continue to investigate the various functions of the brain, awareness, and the sensory system (Tatham and Morton 242). They examine the links within these areas to find out how they can impact one another in the formation of various processes in people’s organisms. For instance, our speech production process is a result of neural interaction and involves two components: the ways of producing speech in terms of mental tasks and the related relevant brain tasks, which together form speech behavior (Tatham and Morton 242). Speech production necessitates a combination of various types of information, such as motor, auditory, and somatosensory. These information forms are reflected in the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes of the cerebral cortex (Guenther and Vladusich 408). In the integration with subcortical systems such as the brain stem, basal ganglia, and cerebellum, the cortical areas, along with their operative links, establish the motor control system (Guenther and Vladusich 408-409). The current literature review is dedicated to the mechanisms for speech production and their implications in the field of neuroscience. Speech Production Mechanisms: Present State and Future Implications In their research, Guenther, and Vladusich investigate DIVA — a “computational model” that creates a quantitative framework, which makes it possible to analyze the functions of different brain areas that take part in the production and acquisition of speech (408). The article pays special attention to the speech sound map of DIVA (409). According to Guenther and Vladusich, this map is engaged at the initial stage of sound production (409). When the neurons of the speech sound map are initiated, the “motor commands” appear in the primary motor cortex (Guenther and Vladusich 409). These commands are enacted through two control subsystems: feedforward and feedback (Guenther and Vladusich 409). The authors note that the speech sound map performs three crucial functions: promoting the discrete sounds obtainment, delineating the probable signals of sensory feedback, and helping to extract the motor programs necessary for the formation of speech sounds (Guenther and Vladusich 418). Simonyan et al. dedicate their article to progressive experiments in the sphere of speech motor regulation (11440). Simonyan et al. analyze the cohesion of the motor cortex in their study (11440). The authors emphasize scholars’ rising interest in motor control (11440), remarking that electrocorticography (ECoG) studies are a productiv