ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The globalizing world requires students to identify appropriate courses and training to acquire additional competencies. Individuals with a strong background in international business (IB) tend to have higher chances of succeeding as future managers. The article “What Motivates U.S. Business Students to Take International Business Courses?” sought to examine the views and thoughts of different students regarding the role and appropriateness of IB courses. The author wanted to apply the planned behavior theory to explain how different individuals were willing to pursue such courses and focus on specific outcomes. Hypothesis 1 was that students who took IB courses had a positive attitude to them in comparison with those who did not (Pineda, 2009). Hypothesis 2 was that learners who took IB courses perceived that their referent sources valued IB education more than those who did not. Methodology A detailed survey targeting 141 senior-level students was completed. The sample includes 78 male and 63 female learners (Pineda, 2009). In this sample, 74 of the students had completed at least one IB course (Pineda, 2009). The researcher targeted students enrolled in a state university in the state of Tennessee. This methodology relied on the use of several statements from the planned behavior theory. Analysis The completed survey revealed there was a significant difference between learners who completed an IB course and those who did not. The sampled individuals argued that such courses had the potential to improve their skills and knowledge. Those who had completed those sessions presented a “more positive attitude” (Pineda, 2009, p. 180). The study also revealed that the emphasis and importance different referent sources and experts placed on such courses dictated the willingness of students to pursue them or not. The findings also supported the importance of examining the trends recorded in different job markets to identify the existing gaps and offer skill sets that could promote performance. Reduced self-efficacy in some of the IB courses could discourage more students from completing such courses (Pineda, 2009). These insights and observations should provide additional incentives for designing such courses and ensuring that they meet the demands of the greatest majority. Discussion The findings of this study offer powerful insights that could be applied in different settings. For instance, learners who complete IB courses will have a positive attitude and be willing to expand their competencies. S
Fortune World’s Most Admired Companies annual surveys are intended to assess those organizations that have the best reputation and financial performance across industries. As a result of the study, the Fortune 1000 listing and the Global 500 listing are created, with 6-15 organizations representing each industry. All the participants must have no less than $10 billion in revenue and rate among the leaders within their own industry. International presence is another obligatory requirement (“World’s most admired companies,” 2016). Although the list is supposed to reflect social responsibility of companies, its utility is rather questionable since overall profitability seems to be the key inclusion factor. This makes it difficult to judge whether this or that company indeed excels in all other aspects. The following useful information can be obtained from the list:   * The ability of the organization to select and retain creative and talented employees.   * The quality of the company’s leadership and management strategies.   * The degree of social and environmental responsibility.   * The scope of innovation introduced by the leaders.   * The ability of the company to use corporate assets to increase profitability.   * The financial performance and the overall financial soundness.   * Long-term investments value.   * The quality of products manufactured or services rendered by the company.   * The success of international operations (“World’s most admired companies,” 2016). Despite the fact that this information may be quite useful for business researchers, it is rather unreliable for investors. The problem is that, even being at the top of the list, the company may fail to be a good investment option. Since this rating attracts a lot of attention of the mass media, most people accept the underlying assumption that it would be profitable to work for these organizations or invest in them. Yet, the stock of the leaders typically has lower average returns that of those not included in the rating. Neither is this list demonstrative in terms of companies’ attractiveness for employees as human resource management is only one of the inclusion requirements (and far from being the major one). Here, another rating comes to the foreground. The 100 Best Companies to Work For list, also executed by Fortune, includes organizations with the most favorable work conditions (based on feedback obtained from more than 230 thousand employees). The major distinguishing feature of the companies that win a spot on this list is a high level of their employees’ loyalty and trust. Since the assessment is conduc
Introduction Just like Hester Prynne, Arthur’s individuality is based on the outward incidences than on his intrinsic personality. A scholar of the famous Oxford University is how Arthur is portrayed to the reader. Lack of natural compassion for regular men and women is how Arthur’s past reflects him especially with his aloofness despite having extraordinary conscience. Arthur’s mental anguish as well as bodily failing compels him to have compassion for others as a result of all the guilt being heaped on Hester for their collective transgression which stirs up his ethics. His parishioners benefit from his meaningful religious leadership as a result of his inner turmoil with Hester emotionally which makes him an eloquent and influential speaker. Paradoxically, Arthur’s assertions of sinfulness are not believed by the townspeople do not. Given his background and his liking for metaphoric speech, Arthur’s congregation in general interprets his sermons metaphorically rather than as expressions of any personal guiltiness. As a result, this worsens his spiritual as well as physical condition that drives him to further internalize his guiltiness and self-punishment as well. The town’s adoration of Arthur reaches new status after his Election Day sermon that happened to be his last. In his demise, Arthur becomes even more of an icon than he was when he was alive. While others believe Arthur’s fate was a case of divine judgment, many consider his affirmation as an emblematic act Main Body A surveyor then at the customhouse in Salem, Massachusetts, the narrator starts with a long preamble about how the Scarlet Letter came to be written. In the customhouse’s attic, the narrator comes across a number of documents, among them a scarlet, gold-embroidered patch of cloth in the shape of an “A” bundled manuscript. This manuscript contained events that had happened two hundred years ago covered by a past surveyor. After the narrator lost his customs post after a political change, the scarlet letter is the imaginary description of the events contained in the manuscript. The story begins in the seventeenth-century Boston, and then a Puritan settlement, Hester Prynne, a young woman, is led from the town prison reprimanded for adultery carrying an infant daughter Pearl in her arms and the scarlet letter “A” on her breast. (Hawthorne, 1950) Hester’s husband, a researcher and much more grown-up send his spouse in advance to Boston. After Hester’s husband doesn’t show up in Boston even after a long wait, lost at sea becomes the wide-ranging agreement from everyone. Hester gives birth to a child after having an affair while waiting for the arrival of the husband and conceals the identity of the child’s father. On the way to the town scaffold, Hester declines to name the child’s father despite being scolded by the town’s fathers. The scarlet letter as well as public shaming is the penalty for infid
It has been acknowledged that effective human resources management positively affects development of businesses. Admittedly, different companies often require different approaches and strategies. However, there are some universal principles which are applicable for every business. Behavior modification is one of such principles. It is important to understand what behavioral modification is and why it is important. It is also necessary to be aware of major tools which can be utilized. First of all, it is necessary to define behavioral modification. Hence, behavioral modification is the process of changing employee’s behavior in accordance with a required behavioral pattern. In other words, this is the process of making employees follow certain standards. This can involve completing certain tasks in a specified manner, behaving in certain ways, etc. For instance, if an employee does not work hard enough, his/her supervisor can make the employee work as hard as others. There are a number of tools to employ to achieve necessary results. Reinforcement is one of these tools. There are two types of reinforcement. Positive reinforcement is a process of encouraging and rewarding certain behavior. For instance, if an employee completes certain tasks properly or exceptionally, it is possible to reward him/her, i.e. to make him/her the best employee of the month, to provide some financial reward, etc. Negative reinforcement presupposes removing some negative consequences for employees. For instance, if an employee was punished or had to complete a number of extra or unskilled tasks, it is possible to free him/her from completing the tasks when the employee’s behavior changes. Remarkably, reinforcement is one of the most effective ways to achieve desired behavioral patterns. Punishment is another tool used to modify employees’ behavior. Punishment involves certain negative consequences for employees whose behavior is inappropriate. For instance, a discussion of problems with a supervisor can be one of such measures. Apart from this, fines can also be imposed. However, managers tend to resort to this tool quite rarely as it often negatively affects the atmosphere in the workplace. More so, it can have an opposite effect. Thus, if an employee underperforms,
Infant Mortality Rate Infant mortality rate is a key indicator of health. It is one of the key indicators that determine the overall health status of a given nation, region or community. In public health, infant mortality rate represents the number of deaths of children aged one year and below for every 1,000 births (Heisler, 2013). Comparing the US infant mortality rates with Japan Among the developed nations, the US has the highest infant mortality rate. On the other hand, Japan has the lowest infant mortality rate, despite being the second most industrialized nation after the US. In 2013, statistics indicated that the average infant death rate in the US stood at 6.7 deaths per 1,000 births, compared to Japan (2.6 deaths per 1,000 births) (Heisler, 2013). Comparison with developing world: Chile, Austria and Poland The US is ranked number 26 out of 119 nations in the world. One position below the US is Chile, a developing nation, with 7.1 deaths per 1,000 births. Statistics indicate that the infant mortality rates in Austria and Poland stood at 4.4 and 6.6 per 1,000 births respectively in 2013 (Heisler, 2013). This means that the two nations are ranked higher than the US. In particular, Poland’s rate of 4.4 is much lower than that of the US (6.1). This means that the US is ranked among nations like Poland and Slovakia, which are relatively underdeveloped and less industrialized. Life expectancy Life expectancy is the expressed number of years of an individual or organism remaining at a given time. It is the average number of years an organism is expected to live in respect to some mortality rates. Life expectancy: The US and Japan, Chile, Austria and Pola
Abstract This article reviews the latest development in EMAT inspection of welds. EMAT technology has replaced the previous complex and expensive couplant delivery systems and immersion tanks, which used “piezoelectric transducer to perform ultrasonic inspection” (Lopez 24). EMAT technology uses guided waves for fast inspection of large-scale structures. It is versatile, durable, simple to use, and cost-effective. Introduction The best nondestructive method of examination should assist in controlling the quality of “the final product and offer valuable process control feedback to improve productivity, reduce cost, and increase the efficiency of the welding machine” (Lopez and Green 23). This has become critical in large-scale and uninterrupted production in which a slight mistake can result in remarkable losses. In the past few years, technological innovations have resulted in advanced ultrasonic electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT). As a result, the EMAT has become the preferred choice for most applications. Before the invention of EMAT, manufacturers relied on complex and expensive couplant delivery systems and immersion tanks that could facilitate ultrasonic inspection through piezoelectric transducer. However, the innovation of EMAT technology in 1970s transformed the process of inspection as a noncontact, dry inspection that provided an option to the piezoelectric transducers. During its developmental stages, users only applied EMAT in laboratories. However, the new EMAT has found application in a wide range of places that include high-end applications. It has become popular due to its new materials and increased speed. EMAT Inspection for Welds by Using Guided Waves The EMAT technology has “many benefits in inspection of welds than the conventional ultrasonic testing (UT) method” (Lopez and Green 24). Lopez noted that the most common method has been the “shear wave for ultrasonic weld inspection” (Lopez 24). There are shear horizontal (SH) and shear vertical (SV) for inspection. The conventional ultrasonic inspection has relied on the SV wave in which the angle ranges between “30 and 60 degrees from the normal beam” (Lopez and Green 24). It is necessary to keep the right position in order to get accurate inspection. The SV waves are unable to inspect the entire vertical volume of the unit. In some cases, any issue may hinder the entire inspection. Conversely, the SH method has been effective in weld inspection
The U.S. outperforms Canada in terms of real GDP growth and government expenditure on health (OECD, 2020a). Regarding ICT, Canada has a higher proportion of households with access to computers (OECD, 2020a; OECD, 2020b). Canada has a higher life expectancy at birth and a lower prevalence of obesity (OECD, 2020a; OECD, 2020b). Considering that the U.S. is recognized as the largest economy, the information covering access to IT is actually surprising. It is doubtful that the statistics will be similar in ten years since the U.S. has been unstable in terms of GDP growth, and the long-term consequences of current protests are difficult to predict. Allowing some people to purchase additional insurance is an acceptable approach to care organization, but its potential effects on care quality are still to be studied. Some pros of this initiative include the opportunity to deliver services to more patients and make private healthcare an option for those who can afford it (Qian & Zhuang, 2017). Regarding the disadvantages, private insurance does not necessarily guarantee better care quality. In the discussed countries, equity and fairness refer to the ability to make high-quality care available to all ethnic and demographic groups. These principles are considered important since they reduce the opportunity to discriminate against patients with certain characteristics. The types of barriers to healthcare include:   * Financial (inability to fund one’s prescriptions);   * Cultural (language barriers, religious beliefs about blood transfusions/abortions);   * Provider scarcity (current trend – shortage of physicians) (Kirch & Petelle, 2017);   * Barriers to access healthcare and healthcare resources (lack of diagnostic equipment and poor oral health outcomes in rural areas) (Boynes et al., 2018). I agree with the statement regarding government-funded healthcare and capitalist economy and values. Government-funded healthcare creates more opportunities for the most disadvantaged groups instead of severely limiting others’ freedom.
Project summary The project to be undertaken is a one-day seminar on customer service. The project is to be conducted in Hotel Sheraton, New York. This project is a seminar that is conducted in order to clearly educate the required persons, the need for giving prime importance to customer service. The major group to whom the project is intended is the executives and employees of Bank of America who deal with the customers. Concerned organization The one-day seminar regarding customer service is being carried on in Hotel Sheraton, New York. Bank of America is regarded as the largest commercial bank in the country. “Bank of America (BoA) is a US-based global financial services company with assets of $1,715.7 billion at the end of 2007.” ( Premium company profile , 2008). The bank is widespread over the country and also has its presence in many countries across the world. Even though the bank is the largest commercial bank in the US it faces stiff competition from other major players. The major competitors for the Bank are Citigroup, Wachovia, and Wells Fargo. When the competition is higher from the rivals the bank needs to be more customer-oriented in order to retain the market position. Therefore the bank identified that better customer service is the primary tool for satisfying the existing as well as the prospective customers. Scope of the project Scope of the project refers to the activities to be accomplished in order to achieve the objectives of the project. So the scope of the current project is educating the participants regarding the new project. Better customer service is a matter of the survival of a company. Unless and until the customers are satisfied with the products of a producer he will not purchase it again. ‘Customer is the king’ is a very relevant concept in the success of all the companies. Therefore it can be understood that the scope of this project is very wide. The project considers the matters relating to satisfying the customers. The internal factors in the bank are the major consideration in the Bank. The core examination of the different internal factors such as the behavior of the employees and the speed of service delivery is considered. The project will cover wide areas relating to customer service and customer satisfaction. Name of the project The name of the project is “Customer service – an essential tool for organizational efficiency.” The name of the project itself conveys the theme of the seminar. The theme or purpose of the seminar is to inform the concerned persons that customer service is the best tool for achieving success. As such this is the most suitable name for the project. The project sponsor and project proposer The sponsor of this project is Bank of America. Bank of America realized the importance of giving a very keen focus on the satisfaction of customers. The bank understood that in order to su
Introduction Cultures, communities, and societies across nations have differences ranging from their beliefs, customs, and norms. Most cultures exhibit higher levels of ethnocentrism in which members of such cultures hold that, everything they have is central, superior, and the best as compared to what belongs to other cultures. According to Neuliep, ethnocentrism contributes to a greater extent on the attitudinal and behavioural characters and features of the ethnocentric persons as they hold strongly to the attitude that they are strong and superior to others who they strongly believe they are weak and inferior (2002, p.214). Here, Neuliep insinuates that, ethnocentrism is a show of high ranking based on ethnic groups and cultural believes. Other social problems cropping up among cultures resulting from ethnocentrism include poor intercultural communication whereby, people from different cultural backgrounds are less willing to communicate to each other even when in the same environment; for example, in school. Studies show that, ethnocentrism and poor communication between cultures do exist between different cultures across nations. For instance, in a study about Riyadh citizens, it was hypothesized that, Riyadh citizens have a significant high tendency of ethnocentrism as compared to other cultures. Moreover, the study hypothesis covered the Riyadh citizen’s willingness to communicate with other cultures in which it was hypothetical that the Riyadh citizen had a low level of willingness to communicate with others. Results The study used the generalized ethnocentrism scale in which the Riyadh citizens answered twenty-two survey questions. The scaling for the questions administered ranged from 1 to 5; a score with a mean of 1 showed a low level of ethnocentrism, while a score with a mean of 5 showed a higher level of ethnocentrism. Conventionally, the results from the study showed an above average performance. Out of the twenty-two scores, only four scores were below average although the others were slightly above average. The least score recorded was 1.95 while the highest score recorded was 4.20. Although the difference, between the least score and the highest score, remains large, most of the citizens, show an increased tendency to practice ethnocentrism. This is because 18(eighteen) survey
Creating a Personal Artistic Manifesto Our “world is changing very fast” (Bryune 99). Every day comes with its own promises and challenges. We must move fast in order to achieve our goals. Modern developments and innovations are distracting many artists today. The important thing is embracing the power of art. Art will lose its original meaning if we do nothing. Modern artists are losing touch with their artwork. They are no longer producing artwor