ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Is Catholicism a Unique Religion? Catholicism refers to various doctrinal and theological traditions that characterize Christian entities in contemporary society. It embodies practices that define beliefs and ethical conduct with regard to Christians. Despite its general disposition, most people construe it as an embodiment of the Roman Catholic Church. In certain instances, people view Catholicism as a description of Christian theological entities that bear witness to the teachings of Jesus Christ (Barron 11). In other aspects, the term describes a community of protestant churches whose hallmark lies in their contrarian approach to theological and doctrinal interpretation of scriptures and Christian beliefs (Barron 11). There are experts who believe that Catholicism refers to the institution of the Roman Catholic Church that receives guidance and tutelage from church leadership in Rome, Italy. According to this school of thought, Catholicism is distinct for its stringent adherence to institutional practices that promote retention of traditional practices with regard to functions within its jurisdiction. Due to its conservative nature, Catholicism enjoys exclusivity and ability to control various undertakings that define its essence in contemporary society (Barron 13). Catholicism also asserts the essence of sacraments and their role in entrenching and upholding Christian values. Mediation and intercession is a key feature in Catholicism. Believers depend on mediation whenever there is need for divine intervention. Such practices explain the relevance of saints among Catholics. Saints act as intermediaries between believers and God, especially during moments of hardship and suffering (Barron 16). Other important aspects of Catholicism include Holy Communion and the Holy See in Rome. Catholicism embodies various belief systems that define core values and practices. For instance, it supports celibacy and dedication to Christianity through prayer and service to humanity. Through such practices, the church endeavors to spread Christianity and demonstrate how God’s love serves as a unifying factor for individuals in different societies. In light of the above submissions, it is important to note that Catholicism does not suffice in the context of a single denomination or theological entity (Barron 17). It should reflect the essence of universal Christianity as opposed to a specific reference to the Roman Catholic Church. Viewing Catholicism in a subjective fa
Introduction A recent report published in the article by Ahmed (2018) indicates that the United Arab Emirates (UAE) is ranked in the 21st position globally and the leading country in the Arab world in terms of citizens’ level of happiness. However, the latest open letter by His Highness Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum is a reminder of the government’s commitment toward making the nation the happiest country in the world. In seeking to help the UAE government and various departments with their mission, this paper examines the relevance of customer touchpoints in promoting the country’s objective. Numerous studies have been conducted regarding the impact of touchpoints on customer satisfaction. In the context of the UAE government, such elements include the Internet and social media, policies, and frameworks, and service delivery time. Aims and Objectives Accordingly, this paper aims at offering a critical literature review of the concept of touchpoints before proceeding to examine its implications for the UAE government. Further, it presents a reflection of the UAE Happiness Index. The objective is to analyze major issues that stand in the way of this government’s goal of achieving customer satisfaction. Key emphasis will be laid on the UAE’s national agenda and vision 2030. Based on the analysis made, this paper takes the view that studying touchpoints will indeed promote customer satisfaction in the UAE. Literature Review The Concept of TouchPoints Most successful companies, particularly those that operate in the service industry, rely on customer experience to improve their services to match clients’ expectations. As such, they often ask customers to respond by narrating their experiences when interacting with the said businesses. These companies attempt to identify and focus on customer touchpoints. Therefore, according to Lim, Al-Aali, and Heinrichs (2015), it follows that customer touchpoints are a brand’s areas of customer contact before, during, and after the transaction. Such interactions extend to non-physical contacts, such as online reviews. For their part, McColl-Kennedy et al. (2015) define touchpoints as any customer-business interactions tha
The book under discussion is Smashed: Story of a Drunken Girlhood by Koren Zailckas which dwells upon the place of a person in the society hiding this idea behind alcoholism. At the same time, these two notions are connected in the book, as being a teenager, Koren Zailckas tries to find her place in the world. It should be noted that this is one of the most difficult periods in human life. The first drink of alcohol was the beginning. The main topic of the book is adolescence and the mistakes teenagers make trying to find their place in the modern society. The author tries to tell her story to the whole world with the purpose to show that the social problem is rather urgent and something should be done until it is not too late. The book under discussion tells a real story of the author and a long period of life when she was an alcoholic refusing from this. The preface of the book starts with the words, “this is a kind of night that leaves a mark” (Zailckas, 2006, p. xi). The day when the author had the first drink is remembered. The topic of drinking is central in the book. At the same time, the social problems are raised. The author writes on the first pages of the book that “the mean age of the first drink for girls is less than thirteen years old” (p. 4). It is possible to state that the alcoholism discussed in the book along with the age considered there makes the book focused on the sociological and psychological problem. Considering the situation in the book and referencing it to the tendencies and changes in the modern world related to social and psychological problems adolescents have, it may be stated that if the government and society in general do nothing the book will be actual in 5, 10 and even 15 years from now. The book is written for the adolescents and for their parents. It is really important for the book to be read not only by adolescents, but also by their parents this may help the latest to understand what is happening with their children and to provide help when it is not too late. Moreover, being the social problem, adolescent alcoholism should be treated accordingly, abuse and prohibition of something are not the best variants for help. Parents should understand this. Psychologists may find this book the most useful as it covers personal experience which is extremely important. There are a lot of books which consider the same problem but most of them are written as the guides or theoretical issues. This book, vice versa, is more like a fiction literature which depicts serious problems. It seems that the author does not state any argument. The book is more like a dairy where the author provides the reader with the consequent succession and smooth flow of situations, events, thoughts, etc. As it was mentioned above, the main theoretical problem of the book is the psychological reason for adolescents’ alcoholism and why it is higher between girls than between boys. The book states that girls have
Nigeria has one of the well established insurgent groups that was established way back in 2004. The Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta asserts that its main role is to oversee fair treatment of the people of Nigeria (Goodman and González par. 2). In order to attain its broad goal, this insurgent group makes that all acts that are inhuman are made known to the rest of the world. Since there has been exploitation of natural resources (mainly oil) by the government and private companies, the movement seeks to make sure that this worthy resource is used well and its benefits trickle down to residents of Niger Delta. Although it initially began as a peaceful pressure group agitating for the well being of the people living in Niger Delta, it has turned out to be an aggressive group that is very keen on sharing oil resources mined within the Niger Delta region. There has been growing tension between the Federal government of Nigeria and this group. Following the popularity of the group, it has so far developed into an umbrella body that runs several insurgent groups fighting the government. Worse still, these groups have turned out to be violent since they are well armed and ready to unleash terror whenever the federal government does not give them the required attention. It is against this backdrop that the Niger Delta region has been experiencing a lot of conflict in the recent past. The group is no longer a peaceful pressure group as it was initially intended to be. There are myriads of attacks that have been so far launched on petroleum operations in the Niger Delta region thereby hindering smooth operations (Hanson par.1). this expounds why this movement is considered to be an insurgent group fighti
Introduction Literature and literary pieces, like any work of art, is the treasure of humanity for every age and this characteristic feature of the literary creations meaningful to the people of every age and place. The novel A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court by Mark Twain presents one of the most apparent illustrations of this universality of literary works. The novel has an underlying meaning for the readers of every age and this meaning becomes clear when the novel is used to understand the power of the Church through various periods of history. The description of the novel A critical analysis of the main themes of the novel by Mark Twain categorically proves the role of the church in the lives of its followers and the power it has bestowed upon the world through various periods of history. A Connecticut Yankee in King Author’s Court , written in the late 1800’s, can be regarded as a slam by the writer on the church, the views of slavery, and even the advancement of technology. Specifically, the power which the church holds in connection with the lifestyles of its followers, advancement in technology, and government becomes one of the focal points of the novel. In fact, the relevance of these concepts of the writer may be found in the way they affect the past as well as the present which was the future at the hands of the novelist. Therefore, it becomes evident that the church, in the past, enjoyed such great powers which helped it in creating laws, regulations, and even initiating wars with the tap of a pen. In the present era, the power of the church has diminished considerably and not so many people are afraid of the power of the church which could take away their ability to be upfront with their tactics as they must also use politics in the
The goal of this paper is to provide a pest analysis of the contribution of technological factors toward the success of Ryan air. This analysis presents various external factors likely to hinder this airline company from normal operations. Expansion in technological factors has led into the adoption of online booking services in Ryan air. Expansion of technology is performed with regard to the Porter’s five forces of competition because of the increased competition in the airline industry. To attain a competitive advantage, Ryan air operates a low cost approach. To attain the implicated competitive advantage and at the same time maintain low costs of operations, aircrafts in this company and designed and build by Boeing. Technological factors Technology refers to the process implicated in changing the inputs of a company into outputs:   * Technological factors for this company revolve around the fleet.   * Ryan air’s fleet comprises of a collection of 735 aircrafts (Sheth 590).   * These aircrafts are owned by the company contrary to other airlines that prefer to lease aircrafts.   * Owning aircrafts as opposed to leasing ensures the capitalization of maintenance costs on the company’s balance sheet.   * The company sources spare parts and various maintenance services with regard to economies of scale. The importance of technological factors in enhancing the operations of Ryan air   * Expanding technology enables this company to attain new markets through the use of online booking.   * These factors enable the company to earn a competitive advantage.   * Identify mechanisms of reducing costs. Aircraft maintenance services To enhance its commitment toward safety:   * The company uses very qualified aircraft maintenance personnel.   * Provides adequate training to aircraft maintenance personnel.   * Adheres to European Union Industry standards.   * Despite that the company wishes to enhance a cost-effective approach in the maintenance of its fleet, the top management of this company does not explore the low cost strategy with regard to aircraft maintenance.   * The company acknowledges the use of very qualified personnel and a very effective quality assurance team for the supervision of aircraft maintenance services.   * The company strictly adheres to the regulations of the European standards of aircraft maintenance alongside standards formulated in the European Aviation Safety Agency (Data monitor 1-3).   * Besides forming part of the EASA with regard to 145/JAR, this airline is an approved contractor of aircraft maintenance services.   * Most of the routine aircraft maintenance services are performed by the company itself.   * In addition, the company conducts constant checks on its fleet.   * The checks are performed before take-off and durin
Abstract Franchising is regarded as one of the easiest forms of business deals that an entrepreneur can take advantage of. The requirements of such a venture are not very straining provided one secures a franchisor. A franchisor is an organization that lets another business entity utilize its intellectual property and transact on its behalf. The arrangement is based on a consideration, which is paid in terms of royalties or fees. On the other hand, a franchisee is an entrepreneur who establishes a business relationship with a franchisor. The two entrepreneurs seek to exploit opportunities and receive incentives from franchising. Franchising is common all over the world. It has become difficult for clients to differentiate between an outlet owned by the company and a franchise shop. The major advantage of such a deal is the creation of numerous job opportunities. At the same time, the arrangement expands the outreach of the brand in the market. Franchising makes it possible for consumers to access high quality products. As a result of franchising, the quality of products has improved because of stiff competition. The franchising industry has faced its fair share of challenges. Franchisors seek to improve productivity, performance, and quality of goods and services delivered by the franchisee. But this has not always been the case due to weaknesses exhibited by the franchisee. In order to combat such weaknesses, franchisors adopt various leadership strategies. The change in leadership style gives rise to conflicts with the franchisee or a corresponding change of behavior on the part of the franchisee. The effects of the various leadership strategies are evaluated in this research paper. Introduction to the Franchising Business Franchising has enabled many multinationals to grow their products and brands in the global market. Franchising has enabled consumers in the international market to enjoy products and services that are of the same quality as those produced by the company in the mother country (Rothernberg, 2008). In a nutshell, franchising is a form of business practice that enables the holder of production rights, trademarks, patent rights, and brands to enter into an agreement with another party. The second party is granted the rights to produce or utilize the trademark on behalf of the first party (Gappa, 2012). After agreeing on the terms and conditions of such a business transaction, the franchisor issues the franchisee with a license to operate under those terms at a stipulated fee. The practice of
Introduction A poem is a work of art that serves many purposes. Just like music or literary works of art, a poem can be used to entertain, educate or pass on an important message to the society. More often than not, poems tend to use a parabolic kind of language and the message contained herein is not always direct. The reader of a poem may need to read the entire poem to get the gist of what the poet is talking about. This discussion looks at the poem’ Ethics’ by Linda Pasten and seeks to try and gain an in-depth understanding of the reason behind Linda Pasten writing of this poem as well as some of the tools that Linda has employed in coming up with the poem. A small excerpt of the poem has been included in the discussion so as to enable the reader identify with the poem. Ethics by Linda Pasten In ethics class so many years ago Our teacher asked this question every fall: If there was a fire in a museum Which one would you save, a Rembrandt painting Or an old woman who hadn’t many years left anyhow? Restless on hard chairs caring little for pictures or old age We’d adopt one year for life the next for art and always half-heartedly. Sometimes the woman borrowed my grandmother’s face, Leaving her usual kitchen to wander some drafty half-imagined museum. One year, feeling clever, I replied, Why not let the woman decide herself? Linda, the teacher would report, Eschews the burden of responsibility. This fall in a real museum I stand Before a real Rembrandt, old woman, Or nearly so, myself. The colours Within this frame are darker than autumn, Darker than even winter-the browns of earth Though earth’s most radiant elements burn Through the canvas, I know that woman And painting and season are almost one And all beyond saving by children Linda’s Biography Linda Pasten was born in the year 1932 in New York as an only child of her parents. Linda always had a passion for writing and by the age of ten, she had already begun writing some poems. Having been an only child without brothers and sisters, Linda’s childhood was somewhat lonely and she found writing as the only way she could remain connected with the world and remain part of the rest of the world. She felt that by writing, she was able to interact with as many people as possible and thus the gap of not having siblings was filled. Linda’s works of poetry revolve around the daily happenings in the society mainly looking at common issues revolving round the family. Most of her poetry looks at marriage, family, relationships, and the society in general (Parini, 2005, p.23). She has a M.L.S from Simmons and B.A. from Radcliffe. Linda went on with writing poems even while in school and people around her begun recognizing the special talent that Linda had. She has since won a couple of awards in poetry (Parini, 2005, p.23). She has also written
Available literature demonstrates that in the Japanese traditional religion of Shinto , the presence of Kami (Gods, spirits) can be manifested to people in various ways and using a multiplicity of objects, such as the sun, mountains, rocks, water bodies, certain animals, trees and even mortal human beings (Yomakoge 67-69). To experience the presence of Kami , it is required that people, under the guidance of traditional priests known as Kannushi , choose an appropriate place such as a Shinto shrine and maintain a deep and open-hearted sincerity (Yomakoge 74). In my view, the civil coming-of-age ceremony, which is held annually to recognize the adulthood of individuals who will reach the age of twenty during the calendar year, can be given as a personal account of the manifestation of the presence of Kami owing to the vital energy and power one experiences upon engaging in the ceremony. The ceremony was led by a Kannushi , who is charged with the responsibility of establishing a favorable relationship between the Kami and the people who follow the Japanese traditional religion (Yomakoge 73-75). The ceremony was conducted in a mountain that is considered as sacred since people have a deep conviction and belief that one or more Kami descend to the mountain once appeased through following the right procedures. The civil coming-of-age ceremony conducted by the followers of the Shinto religion can be compared with thanks-giving ceremony, where Christians present themselves in spirit to God to offer their gratitude and seek for direction. Individuals are inspired to indicate the manifestation of the presence of Kami in diverse ways. Many people use the Jinja (special shrine thought to be the dwelling place of Kami ) to get inspiration with the view to indicating the presence of Kami (Yomakoge 65), but things such as the thundering waterfall at the heart of Fuji, the intricate minutiae of a beautiful flower, or even the sound of wind moaning past the trees, can inspire people to feel the presence of Kami . Owing to the fact that human beings are considered very much a part of nature in the Shinto religion, the presence of Kami can also be experienced in vehicles, music, education and other creations or achievements of human labor. It is plausible to note that the fundamental energies of power sensed in each of these awing presences or manifestations are not the Kami per se; rather the very presence of this power is the Kami (Parkes 312). In sketching out ways that can be used to welcome Kami in the above mentioned places/things, it is thought useful to invo
Introduction Strategic management involves using past and present data/statistics within and without a company to predict, plan, and manage futuristic business endeavours; a budget is a management tool that uses business statistics to make future predictions. Business information needs to be planned to assist a company remain focused on the goals and objectives of its establishment. Management scholars have developed different management tools to forecast future operational levels; one of the oldest futuristic analytical tools is budget. A budget is a management tool that uses past and present information to predict future costs and expenses. When budgets are made, they assist the management to forecasts the future using the available information and providing an operating framework. Management accountants are responsible for advising an organization’s top management and policymakers on matters regarding finances to ensure there are effectiveness, efficiency and optimal use of resources (Horngren, 2009). The Airline industry, in the United States of America and the world, is general, is highly competitive; companies in the sector need to predict, plan and prepare for future engagements in the rapidly changing sector. There is an increased innovation of services and equipment and customer needs have also changed. Emirates Airline company (mostly referred to just as Emirates) is an international company that require decisions responsive to the airline market today; to make futuristic decisions, the company employees budgeting as one method of setting goals and strategies to have them attained (Jawahar, 2008). This paper discusses the concept of budgeting using Emirates as a sample company. The budgetary process A budgetary process is a systematic approach where the management uses past and present data within their organisation to set practical goals and objectives. Planning is crucial f