ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Music has always been an inseparable part of human life. It connects with a person in a unique way, touching the deepest strings of one’s soul. Avishai Cohen, who is a jazz musician, gave a concert in Switzerland in 2011 called “Seven Seas”. His band consists of three people, himself on the contrabass, a pianist, and a drummer. It is fascinating how three people can create such a spectrum of notes and sounds. At the end of the concert, Avishai switches instruments with the pianist, taking his place, while the pianist picks up the contrabass. It was done with such mastery that the time of the switch was not noticed at all. This shows the great talent of these musicians through their versatility, originality, and great musical skill. The style played by these gentlemen was mostly jazz. It is a style that has been around for a long time. It encompasses many different instruments and because of this, jazz bands have sounds that are very different, satisfying a large number of fans. But also there were moments during the piano solo, which reminded me of classical compositions. There was fast-paced playing of the piano, which seemed very complicated and hard to accomplish, as well as slow and melodic. The drummer is also very imaginative, being able to drum at a different pace, keeping the rhythm perfect for his fellow musicians. The way he uses his drum set is very interesting. Many times he used the rim of the drum to make the rhythm and sometimes he used only the drum sticks themselves. At one point the drummer made some sort of “sweeping” motion on one of his drums, to create a sound effect, which added to the originality. Comparing the drummer to other drummers in different styles of music, it would be obvious to say that he is very skilled, both in the speed of drumming and variation of rhythm. When Avishai was playing contrabass, he mostly used his fingers on the strings, which created more of a rhythmic sound. It was not as melodic and it would be great if he used the fiddlestick more, which at some points of the concert he did. But it was probably done for a purpose, as jazz has many styles, which make it very rich and unexpected, leaving room for more compositions and sounds. One thing that was somewhat surprising is the amount of connection with the audience. While playing, the band seemed to be mostly immersed in themselves, their own world. From one perspective it is a good thing because this way the artists really connect with the music, feel its flow, and play from the heart and soul. This can be seen from their emotions, when the pianist closes his eyes and leans towards the piano, the drummer moves to the rhythm, and the contrabass player dances along with the music or hugs his contrabass, showing his unique and close relationship with it. All of this is great but I feel as if the audience was left out of this experience. Usually, musicians at live concerts talk more to their audience. They make jokes,
Introduction This paper will briefly examine the factors that influence voting in the US with light being shade on the roles played by political parties, perceptions of the running candidate and the issue of preferences. The factors which may have influenced the 2008 election in the US are also highlighted and a personal opinion given. Factors Influencing voting in the US There are many factors that influence how people choose their respective candidates in elections. The three most important factors which determine how voting is done are party identification, issue preferences, and voter perception of the candidate. Party Identification With the exception of race, party identification has been for a long time the most determining factor in the voting behavior of American voters. In the United States, affiliation to a particular party is influenced by many factors such as families, generational effects, and assessment of candidates by the voters. For many years the voting history in the US has had a fairly constant number of voters for the respective parties. This means that voters would vote for a party without regard to the choice of candidate (Schmidt et. al, 2010). Perception of the candidate A candidate’s image also influences the choice of voters. In the US the attitudes of voters towards their candidates of choice are in most cases based on emotions. In many elections voters have been perceived to choose candidates who they think share their concerns and worries. For instance President Obama was preferred in 2008 because many of the voters saw him as a person who stood for change as opposed to the Bush administration (Schmidt et. al, 2009). Issue Preferences Basic issues such as change in the government policy play a big role in choice of candidate. In the US, economic concerns are very powerful in determining a candidate’s public opinion. For example, inflation, unemployment and the healthcare policy are the major issues that propelled Obama to the presidency (Holbrook, 2009). US 2008 Election According to the Pew Research center, young voters in the US have proffered candidates from the Democratic Party in the last three general elections. In 2008, 66% of voters under the age of 30 voted for President Obama, this was bigger turnout than any other election since 1972. This indicated that there is a shift in political allegiance that has been building over the years. This is attributed to the fact that young voters tend to have more racial and ethnic view points that the older voters and also have more secular inclinations towards religion. Party identification also played a role in the large turnout of youths who voted in 2008. Many of the young voters had a strong inclination towards the Democratic Party (Keeter & Tyson, 2008). According to Roberts in his New York Times publication, there was no gap in terms of race in the 2008 voti
Executive Summary Netflix has managed to outsmart many large companies in the market. This has enabled it to emerge as the market leader. Blockbuster, which is traditionally the leading firm in this industry, has failed to realize the changing trend. Its slow adoption of the emerging technologies makes it lose the market to Netflix. The internal structures of the firm clearly demonstrate the firm’s ability to lead the market. It is clear that the firm is the market leader. The management has ensured that the firm adopts the emerging technologies in time, a fact that has played an important role in maintaining its market lead. A detailed SWOT Analysis of the firm reveals that the firm is still strong and has the ability to maintain the lead for some time. However, the firm faces a number of challenges in the market. Introduction Reed Hasting and Mac Randolph established Netflix Company in 1997 at Scotts Valley, which is in California. The firm started as a movie rental shop. It entered the market that was relatively young though there were other stronger competitors. The competitors had already established themselves in the market. The two entrepreneurs are very ambitious and work very hard to ensure that the firm gains a larger share in the market. In April 1998, the firm launched a website through which it could reach its customers. Similarly, customers reached the firm through the site easily. The firm experienced a rapid growth before 2007, especially due to good management. Moreover, the market was friendly to the firm. Currently, the firm has transformed since it now provides internet streaming in the United States, Latin America, Canada, United Kingdom, and the Caribbean. By 2011, the firm had 23.7 million subscribers within the United States and about 30 million subscribers worldwide. Within the same year, it registered an income of about $ 1.5 billion. Through creativity and innovation, the firm has acquired a huge market share in the local and international market (Warner 56). The firm appreciates the fact that the market demands creativity. The firm is the undisputed market leader in the service industry. Although other firms have come out strongly, none is yet to rival it. Problem Statement Netflix started out as a very small DVD rental firm in Los Gatos in California. Although the management of the firm is ambitious and has various strategies to ensure success, Blockbuster has a very strong grip of the market. It is unbelievable that a small firm can rise to rival and even displace a giant competitor within a decade. Netflix is the leading movie rental shop and pay per view services. The firm has managed to hold a tight grip of the ma
Abstract This paper delves into the topic of globalization and delves into the positive and negative impacts it has had on human health, society, individuals and the environment. Through this paper, a greater understanding of globalization can be developed, resulting in a better and more informed opinion regarding its advantages and pitfalls. Introduction Globalization can be defined via its assortment of activities that encompasses not only an integration of global financial markets but also the integration of regional and local supply chains into a purposeful whole that allows companies to source and manufacture products in nearly all countries in the world (Leman, 2006). Such a system is bolstered through the use of an interconnected system of communication via the internet and traditional methods of telecommunications which allows a seamless transition of information from one communication terminal to another (ex: email, texting, calling, etc.). From an economic development standpoint, globalization has been a boon to the global economy resulting in the expansion of local and regional markets to encompass a global consumer base. Some of the advantages of globalization come in the form of the global network of supply chains that enables an assortment of products, whether agrarian or technological in nature, to be shipped to various ports around the world (Leman, 2006). In essence, nearly everything from the food that a person eats on their table to the furniture that they are sitting on and even the very cement and wood that their house is built of is a product of globalization. In short, globalization has helped to shape the modern world as we know it by making it far easier to travel, communicate and feed populations. On the other hand, globalization does also come with several disadvantages that call into question whether it has actually been beneficial towards human development as a whole (Colón, 2009). For one thing, in order to satisfy current market demands placed on it by an interconnected human populace, globalization has re
It is the obligation of every state to adhere to the human rights standard. But each country has its way of doing things. Some of the states see the need for modernizing their systems. The paper would discuss domestic legal traditions versus the states’ human rights. One of the greatest similarities is that most of the countries have almost the same laws. Some of them have a legal structure that supervises and administers the human rights standards (Mitchell, Ring & Spellman 2013). The structures have the same source. Countries that have domesticated the common law have greater independence of human rights. Common law is like a superior legal system and a standard for the provision of fundamental human rights. The practice of the common law started in England and spread to other nations. Most of the countries have a free and fair legal system, better economic freedoms, and better investor protections (Mitchell, Ring & Spellman 2013). They also have wonderfully developed capital markets. It is in the spirit of fairness that they practice freedom. The countries have a well structured political system that adheres to the rule of law. The leaders provide democratic leadership. They also practice multiparty politics. Such kind of leadership resonates well with the practice of opening up the democratic space. The state needs to invest in legal education to open up democratic space. They need to allow students to acquire legal knowledge. The countries have more lawyers and qualifying judges because of the open space for education (Rehman & Breau 2007). When there are more lawyers, the state becomes more lenient on its citizens. They help to reduce state oppression. There are many differences between the domestic legal traditions and the human rights practices of all the regions of the world. Governments need to put in place strong institutions and practice the laws they make. Some domestic legal traditions are in place because of religion. Islamic law does not require judges to write down the court’s decision. Islamic law has four primary sources. They include the Koran, Sunna, judicial consensus, and analogical reasoning. Islam makes the Koran the main source of law. If the Koran does not give clarification on a particular matter, the judges consult the Sunna. The Sunna is the compilation of the sayings of the holy prophet Mohammed. Then the judges have to arrive at a consensus. The Islamic judicial system serves the leadership of the country (Rehman & Breau 2007). Therefore, the subjects are at the mercy of the administration. Unlike the human rights practices in all the regions of the world, the person who goes to Islamic courts for judgment is at the mercies of judges. There is a high possibility of unfairness in the rulings. The legal process does not also have precedence to follow. Islamic law makes the individual part of the state and the Islamic community. Therefore, there are rules f
Summary A study “How home hospice care facilitates patient and family engagement” by Dillon (2016) aims at examining the impact of home hospice care on patient and family engagement and related factors facilitating this engagement. The research was conducted using observation and detailed interviews at a large non-profit hospice that does not belong to any religious affiliation. The sample size comprises 55 participants: 26 hospice workers, 11 family caregivers, and 18 patients (Dillon, 2016). In particular, the author argues that home hospice care can significantly foster patients’ and families’ involvement and, thus, improve patient outcomes. Moreover, she states that hospice care can become an excellent example for other healthcare sectors in terms of holistic, patient-centered care. The study has identified three core contributors to the engagement, such as structural factors, family member support, and hospice worker strategies. Dillon also describes potential barriers to engagement, na
Introduction It is challenging to overestimate the significance of a Site-Specific Safety Plan (SSSP) for every business entity. The rationale behind this statement is that an SSSP is an effective communication tool that outlines how health and safety should be managed (Site Safe, n.d.). In other words, such a document reveals hazards that can affect a business or industry, how it is possible to prevent and manage them, what reporting strategies exist, and others. This information is valuable for every company because it represents a complete guideline of how to deal with potential risks. All the industries are subject to particular hazards, and an aviation one is not an exception. Typical risks include accidents, human errors leading to physical and psychological harm, oil price fluctuations, demand changes, and many others. Even though these issues adversely affect the industry and many stakeholders are interested in preventing them, it is impossible to achieve a zero-risk level because no people or systems can guarantee absolute safety (Cokorilo, 2020). That is why an SSSP is essential for every aviation company, and the current document focuses on Air New Zealand. According to its official website, the company provides passenger and cargo services to millions of passengers per year (Air New Zealand, n.d.). When it comes to considering the aviation industry, most attention is typically drawn to passengers and their safety. However, the current SSSP focuses on the company’s department of cargo handlers. These professionals deal with loading, unloading, and securing aircraft luggage and cargo, and their job is associated with many potential hazards. That is why there is robust reasoning behind devoting the SSSP to this department. The given SSSP will follow a particular structure to ensure that essential information is included. The Site Risk Assessment section will introduce potential physical and psychosocial hazards, and their probability will be presented using a risk assessment matrix. Risk inspection, reporting, and management details will be covered in the Hazard Control and Management section. A separate paragraph will explain what people visiting the site should know about occupational health and safety. Finally, corresponding sections will comment on employee training and participation in safety procedures. Site Risk Assessment The type of workplace results in the fact that physical and psychosocial hazards are possible. Physical risks refer to those factors that can cause physical harm to people or damages to equipment and vehicles. Many hazards can affect the cargo handling department of Air New Zealand. Firstly, a failure of a cargo crew to follow loading instructions can lead to employees’ injury and damage to luggage and airline equipment (SKYbrary, 2021). Secondly, health and safety are endangered if cargo handlers load the baggage with a mass that exceeded allowed limits (Hlavaty & Kraus, 2017). This inefficiency can have tragic consequences, and a plane crash is among them. Thirdly, another risk refers to
Introduction In a general education system also known as liberal education, college students take many courses in a major subject and fewer courses in a minor subject. The liberal education system aims at providing general knowledge to the student and improving their intellectual abilities as opposed to specialized training that focuses on developing specialized professionals or technical people. In most cases, under the general education system students pursue related major and minor subjects to develop an all-rounded person. However, sometimes the curriculum forces the students to pursue unrelated subject combinations, which fails to prepare the students adequately for employment. Specialized education on the other hand focuses on training students on one major field with fewer elective courses offered. In addition, specialized education focused on a single discipline produces professionals with proper skills giving them an advantage over liberal education-trained students in the job market. In order to make a transition from liberal education to specialized education, implementation of policies that promote technical and work-related training is important. Disadvantages of General Education I do not support the general education system offered at undergraduate level in colleges. First, the courses that one is forced to take are not directly related to the student’s major subject of study. Usually, the students choose one major subject comprising of many courses and a major subject that includes fewer courses (Pascarella and Terenzini 152). The two combinations might be so different making it difficult for the student to perform better on the two subjects. Additionally, I believe that elective courses not directly related to one’s subject of study contribute to poor performance by students. In a general education, understanding the major subject effectively is a challenge, as students have to spend a lot of time studying the elective courses or the minor subject. This phenomenon contributes to decline in performance of students in their major disciplines resulting to poor grades. In addition, students often find it difficult to cope with extensive study required when they pursue many disciplines leading to increased incidences of college dropouts (Winter and McClelland 47). Although most people argue that elective courses enable students acquire skills on diverse areas, I think liberal education lacks integrated general programs making it difficult for the students to acquire relevant experiences within the program. Students pursuing interdisciplinary programs at college level often lack a proper foundation of the courses they study. Selecting unrelated course combinations by students gives them a superficial understanding of a subject, which makes them not to effectively compete with their specialized education counterparts in the job market. Furthermore, students pursuing a particular subject lack a unified intellectual experience which a rises when students select different minor courses in addition to their major subjec
Introduction The health care industry has evolved significantly over the years with better ways for providing care being developed. One of the areas that have experienced innovation is in medical records. Medical records are important tools for physicians since they provide the means for recording patient condition and serve as the basis for medical interventions. Paper-based Medical Records (PMRs) are the traditionally used tools while Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) have emerged as a new system that is intended to replace PMRs. This paper will discuss the two tools with focus on the differences between them. It will also highlight EMRs are favored over PMRs and the inherent problems in implementing EMRs. Difference between PMRs and EMRs The main difference between PMRs and EMRs is that while PMRs are manual, EMRs are electronic. In the PMR system, the physician writes down the patient’s information on paper or chart. These records are then stored in files which can be kept in a cabinet for safekeeping. EMRs are essentially digital versions of PMRs and the information is entered into a computing device and saved electronically in the devices memory (Rustagi and Singh 142). The health care institution might save information medical records for multiple patients in a central server. Another difference is that PMRs do not have any format restriction and the doctor is free to enter information in the forms that suits him/her. The doctor might choose to include a detailed historical record of the patient or just give a brief overview. With EMRs, there is a format restriction since the doctor has to use a predefined template when entering patient data (Lau et al. 1). Some of the systems are configured in such a way that data must be entered in all available fields. The doctor is therefore forced to fill data for the patient in a consistent style. Information contained in an EMR Typical EMRs contain all the information that the traditional PMRs have. This includes the general patient information such as gender, age, name, and address. In addition to this, EMRs contain patient’s medical history, the diagnosis done by the doctor, tests conducted, treatment given, and the next appointment date (Rustagi and Singh 142). The EMR also provides space where the physician can make additional notes on the patient. Some EMR systems offer templates and have auto-fill functions that enable the doctor to fill in data from an exhaustive database of medical information. Merits of Implementing EMRs EMRs help overcome some of the basic problems that arise due to the use of PMRs. EMRs assist in the reduction of medical errors by providing physicians with quick access to the patient’s medical history and relevant medical information to assist in prescription (Lau et al. 1). The decision-making ability of the doctor is therefore enhanced due to quick access to information through the electronic systems. EMRs make it easier for physicians to communicate between or among themselves as they provide medical care to a patient. PMRs suffer from the setback of illegibility, inaccurate or incomplete information, and in