ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The movie “Helvetica” shows several designers and the work that they have been doing with fonts and designs of graphics. Wim Crouwel is a designer who started his work in the ’60s, and he has a rather interesting point of view towards art. I chose this particular designer because of his forward nature and ability to express himself clearly. He is very straightforward when he talks about what he likes and other styles that he does not like. The fact that he prefers modernism says a lot about his character and his ability to see the true value of things. He says that he has done designs for museums and it seems obvious because he chose a font that is very clear, concise and readable. An idea for grids is very interesting because it enables the precise positioning of letters and this greatly adds to the design. He is very right when he says that it is a pity that computers have been developed later than his design work began. For a person who is centered on clarity in designing, a computer and faster working conditions could create a lot of opportunities. A very interesting and truthful point that he brings forward is that “you cannot do better design with a computer, but you can speed up your work” ( Helvetica ). This shows that he is very knowledgeable about his work because it is not computers that create art—it is people and their ideas. When Wim Crouwel talks about his design and font, it is easy to see that he is passionate and he loves what he is doing. He describes the font as being “neutral,” and this is an important fact because “the meaning is in the content of the text and not in the typeface” ( Helvetica ). I agree that different fonts create too much chaotic overlap of styles and this takes away from the meaning. In this case, a person is already predisposed with the visual stylistic of the graphic, picture or message, which leads to wrongful, as people are very much concerned with appearances. If something looks “neutral” more attention is paid to what is being said, and this creates a whole different picture. One of the works that Wim Crouwel has done is post stamps, and I find this a significant piece because they require a lot of detail. The font that he originally chose, as he admits, did not suit the stamps well. The result with a clear and legible font is much better and adds to the overall picture. The illustration on the stamp is very well thought out because it represents a period very specifically. It is also original and grabs the attention of the viewer. Even though stamps are rarely looked at by the general public or the post workers, a lot of work and ideas go into designing one, and it is interesting to see how the whole stamp comes together. There are many people who collect stamps, and they do it for a reason, as they are representations of society and people. Because it is so small, it is important to consider what is being placed on the stamp and it represents the artist’s views and preferences. Wim Crouwel’s stamps and grid letter design speaks about his clear vision and direct approach which is a beneficial quality to have ( Helvetica ). Works Cited Helv
An Incentive Program is a prescribed system used to support or persuade definite proceedings or actions by a particular grouping of individuals at some point in a defined phase. Incentive Plans are for the most part used in commerce managing to encourage human resources and in sales in order to create a center of attention and hold on to clientele. Technical text also refers to this notion as “Compensate for Performance”. Finding a method to provide incentives to your human resources to keep good value and immense efficiency in their labor can be demanding. A lot many times, the financially planned sum for incentives is very tiny. The administration over and over again must pool in with new thoughts that can encourage their employees and is cost efficient. The unusual kinds of incentive plans for workers differ based on the desired product that you want. An incentive is something that is given to workers in order to motivate them to work harder and more diligently to achieve the set targets and goals of an organization. Every employer uses different methods and incentive techniques according to the nature employee’s work. Giving incentives to your workforce is in other words encouraging them to work better and more efficiently. A good person in charge shows admiration and appreciates them regularly to boost their morale. Naturally if the
The topic of World War II is not easy to discuss or display. Such works are often subjected to severe criticism for their relevance to reality (Kohli 4). Particularly close attention is paid to the deviation of the narrative from any generally accepted canons in content and form. Art Spiegelman’s Maus belongs to the latter type, as it presents the reader with a story about the life of a Polish Jew who survived the Holocaust in the unusual form of a graphic novel. However, despite the chosen environment’s unusualness to reflect such topics, Spiegelman uses its features to his advantage. Considering the format selected by the author, this work should be examined precisely in the context of a visual rather than a purely textual narrative (Ewert 87). Graphical display of events allows switching between two time periods without losing the narrative’s coherence, even if one timeline suddenly interrupts the other. Thus, Spiegelman uses graphic means to convey the narrative in more detail, paying attention to critical points and developing characters who think about the story being told right during the retelling. This essay aims to research this graphic novel using additional sources to support the thesis put forward. Several vital elements characterize Maus’s graphic form. First of all, a distinctive feature of the work is the use of anthropomorphic animals as characters, while the type of animal depends on nationality. Thus, Jews are represented as mice, and Germans are portrayed as cats. The riskiness of such a step, which may be associated with national stereotypes, is justified by the need to vividly visualize the horrors of the Holocaust (Gavrilă 61). Secondly, as mentioned above, there are two timelines in the novel, the first of which takes place in the present relative to the author of the time, and the second is the memories of one of the characters. The story is recorded from the words of Vladek Spiegelmann by his son Artie, whose names coincide with the names of the author himself and his father. Artie’s father is a Polish Jewish Holocaust survivor, so this story aims to convey the story of the Nazi invasion (Spiegelman 23). Already here, one can note the skillful use of the graphic form of the novel. Anthropomorphic animals’ use does not make the story more childish but instead expresses specific subtext (Munk 55). The choice of animals implicitly indicates the relationship between the Nazis and the Jews since the former hunted the latter in the same way as their animal counterparts. However, to analyze Maus more deeply, it is necessary to turn to how the narrative is structured. First of all, one can note the presence of the author’s voice in the form of Vladek and gaps in the text (Rajkhowa 45). Transitions from one timeline to another are a crucial element of the narrative, as they are almost always associated with Vladek’s comments on the situation. Most of the story takes place in the past tense; however, Artie and Vladek periodically interrupt it with their lines, asking questions to comment on what is happening
Introduction The brain stem is one of the most important parts of the brain that plays vital roles in basic attention, arousal and consciousness. “It forms the path through which all information from all parts of the body on the way to and from the brain and is located within the bony protrusions that make it vulnerable to damage during trauma” (Fiona & Spar, 2006). According to Fiona & Spar (2006), it consists of “medulla- which contains various nuclei (most of which are vital for life, including those controlling cardiac function and respiration) as well as a profusion of ascending and descending nerve pathways.” Main body From the discussion on the vital roles played by brain stem, it can be discerned that a small damage on some parts may have fatal consequences. If the brain is cut above the position of the medulla, normal body functioning such as heart beat and normal breathing may be maintained. Damage that directly affects the medulla is inevitably fatal because of the critical roles it plays in balancing osmotic body functions. A mild brain stem injury, commonly refereed to as a “concussion may lead to temporary malfunctioning of the brain system such as brief loss of consciousness, sudden memory loss, and focal neurological deficits” (Fiona & Spar, 2006). In cases where the symptoms of brain stem damage are not immediately recognized, the victim may be look normal on the surface but may develop serious complications later. Moderate brain damage is characterized by “confusion that persists for weeks, state of consciousness that may run for hours and cognitive and behavioral impairments that may run for months” (Fiona & Spar, 2006).The most devastating form of brain stem damage is the severe brain stem injury that may lead to fatal consequences. According to Fiona & Spar (2006), “s evere brain stem injuries are classified by a major limitation in mental functioning, prolonged state of unconsciousness or coma, persistent vegetative state, or minimally responsive state.” In addition to the above, brain stem damage may lead to a number of devastating signs and symptoms that may have long time consequences on the entire life time of the victim. These are demonstrated by Strauer, Schannwell and Brehmm (2009) to include “abnormalities in the function of cranial nerves which may lead to visual disturbances, pupil abnormalities, changes in sensation, muscle weakness, hearing problems, vertigo, swallowing and speech difficulty, voice change, and co-ordination problems.” The receipt of timely treatment for brain stem damage is vital to a patient’s recovery. Approaches that have been used within the medical circles to rectify brain stem damage depend primarily on the extent of the damage. “The necessary treatment for a brain stem injury may include medication, surgery, diagnostic testing and rehabilitation while in more serious cases; a comprehensive team of care providers is usually required” (Fiona & Spar, 2006). This calls
Introduction Laying pipelines under the sea for transportation always requires a lot of money. This often calls for creative means of installation in order to not only reduce cost but also increase on efficiency of the pipelines and cater for issues like the vortex shedding and hydrodynamic forces (Bruke, 2009). Pipelines laid offshore are usually laid directly on the seabed just intermediate to deep water in efforts to reduce cost. Pipelines are often meant to touch the sea bed but this is not always the case as the sea bed is often not flat causing some sections to be hanging off the sea bed a concept referred to as free spans. In evaluating the hydrodynamic forces on the pipelines, the sea bed is often assumed to be plane and the pipelines touching the sea bed. This is done because it is critical that the hydrodynamic forces in the pipelines be calculated during the design process of the pipelines and is also critical in decision making during the installation process. In attempts of reducing the installation costs of pipelines and for other technical reasons, different pipelines of varied or similar diameters are often installed together in a bundle under the sea bed. It helps to reduce costs as well as to ease the maintenance process (Wilcox, 1994). Normally, smaller diameter pipelines are often installed besides already installed bigger diameter pipelines hence forming the pipeline bundle. The pipeline with a bigger diameter is often referred to as the main pipeline or primary pipeline while the other pipeline(s), often smaller than the main pipeline being referred to as secondary pipelines. The bundle is often strapped together at particular points and laid on the sea bed together. S one can notice, this will reduce installation costs by a huge difference since the money that would have been otherwise used to install the different pipelines is used to install the single bundle hence saving on costs and time. Generally, the pipelines may be in direct contact with one another or placed close together depending on the engineering technique employed during the installation process (Zdraykovich, 1987). This form of installation is normally used on the gas and oil industry and is often referred to as the piggy back pipeline. Below is a figure demonstrating how the piggy back pipeline is designed. This present paper seeks to study the piggy back pipelines into details and to assess and evaluate the rationale behind such a design using appropriate calculations and examples. The paper seeks to assess the effects of the hydrodynamic forces on the piggy back bundle and on the single pipelines forming the bundle. This will give the rationale behind this kind of layout or design. As mentioned earlier, the consideration of hydrodynamic forces will be critical in the design and installation of the pipelines. The paper will use make several unconfirmed assumptions in the process of calculations (Bruke, 2009). The assumptions are included in this statement: t
Leadership styles have evolved independently all over the world, leading to a significant diversity of cultural norms and approaches to the task. When leaders from various parts of the world meet and see the differences in their methods, the question of comparison and superiority surfaces often. The existing theories disagree on most aspects of the job, calling the willingness of employees to work and their relationships with their superiors into question. The introduction of radically different philosophies and practices that resulted from the improved relationship between the West and the East changed the dynamic further. This post tries to evaluate the general approaches to leadership, compare them, and find similarities. The traditional Western leadership model looks for specific qualities in a potential manager. Chin, Trimble, and Garcia (2017) call the approach the “trait theory” and put forward the idea that it can be adapted to other cultures. Furthermore, the leader is expected to control and coordinate the actions of his or her subordinates. To do that, they use the contingency approach, which Boehe (2016) defines as “identifying and developing functional relationships between environmental, management and performance variables” (p. 405). The manager usually supervises and understands the entire situation, creating and executing plans based on his or her vision. The East shows several approaches to leadership that contrast the method described above through the creation of closer relationships with followers. According to Fukuhara (2016), the Japanese concentrate on empowerment and trust, which leads to improved cooperation but also distributes responsibility to a point where crises can paralyse the system. Paternalistic leadership as described by Chen, Zhou, and Klyver (2018) is another Asian approach that uses strict discipline and authority and combines them with benevolence, leading the leader to control followers for their good. The method shows itself as useful in its cultural context, leading to improved commitment and efficacy when executed correctly. The GLOBE Research Project has attempted to discover the traits that are universally considered beneficial in management styles across the world. According to “Cross cultural studies” (n.d.), it has identified six dimensions of leadership: charismatic, team-oriented, participative, humane-oriented, autonomous, and self-protective. Different local approaches showed different values on each of the scales, but several attributes were consistently high. They were charismatic leadership, predicted by a performance orientation, and team-oriented leadership, indicated by collectivism, humane orientation, and uncertainty avoidance (“Cross cultural studies”, n.d.). Other traits varied considerably, but these two were essential in all societies that were investigated. Western leadership research used to disregard the findings obtained in other parts of the wo
Background The point under discussion is the eleventh principle proposed by Dr. Deming that suggests “eliminating arbitrary numerical targets.” The key idea of this principle resides in placing a greater focus on the quality of performance rather than on the quantitative indicators. Hence, Dr. Deming proposes to eliminate those norms and standards that oblige employees to concentrate on numerical quotas. He provides two rationales to explain the ineffectiveness of this quantitative approach. First, he points out that numerical targets fail to consider any external factors that tend to prevent an employee from fulfilling the assigned quantitative norm, i.e. delays and cancellations, the lack of clients on a particular day, etc. As a result, the evaluation of performance outcomes is distorted. Second, Dr. Deming notes that numeric work standards are incompatible with effective leadership that is supposed to be targeted at a continual quality and productivity improvement. Thus, the quantitative approach overlooks the importance of operation processes placing the entire emphasis on their final results. In such a manner, performance outcomes become the main criteria for evaluating the accomplishment of a set purpose. Meanwhile, Dr. Deming does not reject the need for measurements in management. The solution that he proposes is to change the object of measuring. Hence, he suggests evaluating the quality of the product and service provided rather than the number of calls made or units sold. Current Condition The discussed principle is not integrated into Costco’s management practice to the full extent. Thus, significant emphasis is still put on the numeric indicators such as the number of purchase agreements made per month or the scope of new customers involved. As a result, employees strive to reach the highest scores possible sacrificing the quality when it is required. In the meantime, it should be noted that officially, managers do not impose any numerical targets and encourage employees to focus on continual quality improvement. Thus, there is no formal document that would describe the quantitative standards an employee is obliged to meet. It might be suspected that employees are focused on the quantitative indicators of their performance because the payment system is largely based on the performance-related format. Hence, bonuses are commonly assigned for more sales and contrac
Introduction Coca Cola Company is a global multinational with operations in many countries. The company is a manufacturer and retailer of various beverages and non-alcoholic drinks. All withstanding, the company is well known for its flagship brand Coca Cola although it has more than 500 brands. As far as a wider global presence is concerned, the company has 500 brands in more than 200 countries (Coca Cola, 2011, p. 4). This therefore underlines its desire to conquer more markets around the world because it has been coming up with new products and brands that can suit different market interests. As far as its business is concerned, the company operates a franchise system that has proved to be successful in the markets that it has a presence. In this case, it only produces syrup that is sold to different bottlers that have exclusive rights throughout the world. When it comes to financials, Coca Cola Company is listed on the New York stock exchange market and is part of other indexes. As of 2010, the company recorded revenues of US$ 35.119 billion (Coca Cola, 2011, p.12). The company’s operating income in the last financial year was US$ 8.449 billion while its net income was recorded at US$ 11.809 billion (Coca Cola, 2011, p. 15). As far as its asset portfolio is concerned, Coca Cola Company is valued at US$ 72.921 billion. Based on the fact that the company operates in many countries around the world, it employs 139,600 people (Coca Cola, 2011, p. 9). To enhance its operations, it has other subsidiaries that have enabled it to diversity thereby serving its customers and market well. When assessed from a market share point of view, Coca Cola Company has a market share of around 50% while its share in the US has increased to almost 42%. This means that the company is still a major player in the global beverage industry. To continue establishing itself as a force to reckon with in the market, it has introduced new products to suit individual markets because of different global diversity issues. The company’s production or operations management Coca Cola Company has embraced the best production and operation management practices and that is why it has continued to be successful as time goes by. It is not a mean task to have operations in more than 200 countries and coordinate them effectively which shows that the company is doing well as far as operations and production management are concerned. As far as production is concerned, the company operates a franchise system that it has relied on to reach its wide market. This means that the system needs effective management in relation to overall brand strategy (Tucker, 2009, p. 23). The company has built a good strategy on concentrate production that it sells to different bottlers
Introduction Healthcare is an essential requirement for adults and infants. Due to the various factors that children are exposed to in the process of their development, it is critical for parents and caregivers to ensure that children are provided with all the necessities that will enhance their overall health status. Despite the measures that have been put in place to realize this goal, children are still susceptible to various diseases, some of which might be fatal. Pneumonia, malaria, cholera, typhoid, and HIV are examples of fatal diseases that can have profound effects on the health of children. Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is a condition that causes sudden death to a child. Despite the fact that this condition can affect children of all ages, its effect is mainly felt on children who are under the age of one year. However, unlike other diseases, SIDS is a condition that cannot be detected on the medical history of the victim (Dick, 2009). Consequently, the cause of death cannot be ascertained even after conducting a thorough forensic autopsy on the body of the victim or investigating the crime scene. In most cases, SIDS causes death when a child is sleeping. It is due to this fact that the condition is referred to as the crib death disease. Despite the fact that it has been virtually impossible to tie a given factor as the cause of SIDS, information gathered from recent studies has revealed that the sleeping position of children might be a relevant risk factor (Dick, 2009). For instance, the study that was conducted by the American Academy of Pediatrics revealed that putting a baby to sleep on the supine position greatly reduced the occurrence of SIDS (Dick, 2009). The results of this study led to the development of the Back to Sleep campaign that was launched in the USA, the UK, New Zealand, and Australia. This movement was an educational campaign that aimed at increasing the awareness of SIDS and empowering individuals to take precautionary measures that resulted in the reduction of the occurrence of SIDS. The campaign was successful since it led to a decline of death as a result of SIDS to around 66% in New Zea