ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction With the current advances in automation of production, it could be said that the “bright future” promised to us by socialist forbearers is now foreseeably closer. The platform of the Technological Socialist party is based on a more modern view of non-market socialism. The main focus of the party is on the provision of industrial automation reform, social programs, and the creation of non-market socialism based on the manufacturing of products through the most efficient automated means, their export to neighboring countries. At the same time, the government will be providing re-education for former industrial workers, and other programs required for the sustainability of the country. Education, health care, and housing would be provided to the people according to their needs. These three elements would be a priority to ensure that the public funds are not wasted on extraneous programs. However, the non-market approach would not imply isolationism as diplomacy would be the cornerstone of foreign policy for Canada (Chattopadhyay, 2016). Under this regime, people would be free to follow their desired careers. Arts and sciences would be prioritized in education to further increase the technological base of the country and its cultural influence on the world. While it is likely that the transitional period would be difficult for the country, as businesses and industries would have to be majorly restructured, the end result would remove the gap between the poor and the rich, provide everyone with means of survival, and show that when technology may be extremely helpful when it is not used for the exploitation of people. The last two decades have shown how uncontrolled capitalist systems can corrupt government institutions, destroy social programs, and even start profitable but deadly wars across the world. Perhaps it is the time to start focusing on the needs of every person in the country, rather than just a few. This is the goal of the Technological Socialist Party (Chattopadhyay, 2016). Response to Direct Democracy Studies have shown that a complete focus on democracy can create a larger presence of corruption in the system. This is due to the higher power that wealthy people have in controlling the messages that the general public receives. It is possible that if the GDP per capita hits a certain level, direct democracy may be able to represent a large portion of the population. Ho
The theme of this study is to investigate two broad categories of modalities of faith in family life: first, what they value or seek, and how they relate to God or to others and the second theme is to see how these modalities of faith make a difference in the meanings and purposes of family life, and family relationships. Different Modalities of Faith Due to Ideologies There have been numerous studies that focused on the difference of value inclinations. Some of them conceptually associated these differences with, or empirically found an association with, ideologies, religious denominations, or cultures. What people value and seek, in other words their valued objects are considered to reflect their ideological and religious, cultural, or metaphysical worldviews that lie behind their values and goals (Haidt et al., 2009; Scott & Bergin, 1997). In the domain of religious communities, such ideological differences exist across and within religious denominations in the United States, and these differences, rather than denominations, explain various psychological and behavioral differences better. For example, progressive and orthodox groups in a single religious community showed different value inclinations and orders among ethics of autonomy, community, and divinity (Jensen, 1998). The same argument applies to the domain of families. Hunter (1991) wrote in his book Culture Wars , that family is a field in which the differences of these religious-ideological structures are salient. A study of 120 religious families with two ideological groups found distinctly different inclinations among five groups of virtue (McAdams, Albaugh, Farber, Daniels, Logan & Olson, 2008). Relatedly, when people value God or others, the way people relate to them (e.g. by making a self-sacrificial commitment to them or seeking benefits from them), in other words, relational attitudes , should also reflect their ideologies and worldviews. For example, value dimensions of self-enhancement and self-transcendence (Schwartz, 1992) in the domain of self-others/society relationships varied according to cohorts, materialism, or parental/peer values. Current Study The current study undertakes a qualitative analysis of the narratives of religious families which were collected in Dollahite’s study (). These narrative data did not include the identification of the participants’ ideologies. Thus the current study does not focus on ideologies themselves but on modalities of faith (valued objects and relational attit
Introduction Stress can be defined as the response the body makes in attempt to defend itself from either a real or an imagined threat. Normally, we are always faced with hassles, demands, disappointments, dissatisfaction as well deadlines in our lives (Worthington & Britton 2006, p. 218). In the event of such aspects the body tries to bring its system to a balance by building adequate energy as well as staying alert to face any possibility of the threat happening. Nevertheless, stress is generated either from the external environment or within oneself. The environment always compels one to meet some targets or fulfill something that an individual feel a bit difficult. Subsequently, this forces an individual to either prevent the situation from happening or otherwise attempt to adapt to it. Sometimes avoiding the stressful situation does not form a solid solution in dealing with stress (CBI 2009, p. 126). However, avoidance of stressful environment as well as people has proved to bear fruitful solution in mitigating the level of stress one faces in his/her daily activities. Stress can as well be self-generated in a situation that a person might portray certain personalities that are not preferable in dealing with stressful environment. The effects of stress are diverse and in most cases, they can be portrayed either physically or emotionally. Emotional signs of stress include dizziness; use of drugs such as cocaine, looking drowsy, displeasure among others. Physically, one might become more vulnerable to a number of diseases such as heart problems, breathing problems, high risk of stroke among others (Hind & Moss 2005, p. 109). The hospitality industry The service and hospitality industry is perhaps among the best performing industries. In particular, the hospitality industry deals in a number of services including accommodation, food and beverages, entertainment, tourism in addition to parking services. The industry boasts a large number of qualified and skillful employees (McBride 2000, p. 97). However, employees are expected to have empathy, welcoming as well as possessing friendly characteristics. It is obvious that an airhostess is expected to behave in manner that is pleasing to air travelers. Majorly, how the airline hostess handle its customers reflect the value and brand equity of such airline company. Subsequently, this tends to attract prospective customers while maintaining the existing customers because of the superior services (Brown & Hesketh 2004, p. 122). In general, employees working in hospitality industry experience countless interaction with the customers. In the middle of interaction, stresses often emanates due to the heavy workload employee is expected to handle. An employee will at most spend more hours working in an organization. This reduces the time an individual spend in relaxing with friends or family members. As a result, he/she will start losing the close links he/she had once shared with the relatives and friends. This sometimes
Introduction The need to regulate the purchase and production of construction materials for public works in the US facilitated the implementation of the Buy American Requirements Act in 1933. The provisions mainly apply to the construction of buildings and public works, excluding other professional services. The Act was geared towards balancing trade in the procurement of materials due to the ever-changing infrastructural development. The federal government was required to oversee the implementation of the Act whereby construction materials such as steel and complementary fittings were to be manufactured in the US. This paper will investigate the provisions of the Buy American Requirements Act of 1993 and its impacts on companies in and outside the US. Main points of the Buy America Requirements Act The Buy America Requirements Act based its main provision on a number of issues pertaining to public works and the construction in the transport industry. For funding of any grantee project in a state, the Federal Transit Association (FTA) must ensure that materials such as steel, iron, and other required manufactured products are produced and processed locally in the US. An exception is provided for the need to refine materials such as steel additives. This provision encompassed steel and iron materials needed for the construction and maintenance of railway lines, bridges, and other transit infrastructures (Wyatt, 2013). The implication of this aspect is that all required materials for the construction of transport-affiliated infrastructure must be manufactured locally in the US. Therefore, certification is bound by this provision, whereby procurement scrutiny is essential before a company is granted a tender. The Buy American Requirements Act also provides waivers that consider the practicability and economic impacts of some infrastructural projects. For instance, section 1605 of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act provides that waivers may be imposed if the requirements are contrary to the public interest. The Federal transport department could also waive the construction companies in the event that local production of steel and iron would not match the required quantity and quality. Instances of local manufacture of steel and iron, leading to over 25% increase in the overall cost of the project would also require waivers for economic considerations (Wyatt, 2013). Rolling stock procurements are also controlled under the FTA according to the provisions of the Buy American Requirements. The procurement of stock required for infrastructure projects such as buses and other items should be based on a 60% cost of the final assembly of such items domestically. In this sense, a component of the procured rolling stock may be assembled at the site of construction for purposes of compatibility with the project’s specifications. The responsibilities of the grantee company are also clearly stipulated for efficient execution of the projects in compliance with the Buy American Requirements. Bidders are expected to fill the required specif
Explain two methods you will use to maintain communication with paraprofessionals There are two methods that can be used effectively to maintain communication with paraprofessionals in order to complete the teaching goals. Method 1 To maintain effective communication with paraprofessionals, it is useful to choose the strategy of asking more questions in order to receive the expert’s advice in relation to different controversial areas that are associated with teaching students with disabilities. While being asked to provide some advice or competent comments on the problem, paraprofessionals are responsible for presenting all the necessary information on the issue in order to guarantee the accomplishment of the learning goals by students, and it can be discussed as the result of the teacher’s effective cooperation. Method 2 To maintain the communication with professionals, it is necessary to focus on the ethical issues in order not to violate the principles of confidentiality and privacy while discussing the students’ activities, the effects of their disabilities on the learning processes and performance, and the effects of disabilities on the teacher’s instructions. To communicate with paraprofessionals, it is important to state clearly why such private information should be discussed openly in order to avoid the ethical issues and concerns and in order to respond to the paraprofessionals’ expectations regarding the teacher’s competence. Discuss what information you will need to communicate about with paraprofessionals The information which should be discussed with paraprofessionals is connected with such important aspects as the effectiveness of the differentiated instructions; the appropriateness of using the group work during the lessons; and the methods of fostering effective cooperative relations between teachers, parents, and administrators in order to contribute to the students’ progress. Discuss two factors that may make it difficult for you to maintain communication with paraprofessionals There are two factors that can make it difficult to maintain communication with paraprofessionals. Factor 1 Paraprofessionals can perceive the young teacher starting the career in the field only as an assistant who lacks competence in the area of special education. Factor 2 The young teacher can experience problems with perceiving oneself as part of the team of paraprofessionals to collaborate in order to help students with disabilities succeed because of differences in age, status, experience, and background. Explain w
Introduction The capacity to hear contributes significantly to the majority of activities that people engage in during their day-to-day lives. Therefore, when one loses this capability and becomes deaf, life changes drastically and irreversibly. Additionally, some people are born deaf, and thus they are excluded from different social engagements. In contemporary American society, the deaf face social stigmatization in different life aspects. However, Nora Ellen Groce wrote a chef-d’oeuvre book, Everyone Here Spoke Sign Language, to highlight the possibility of having a society where deaf people lead normal lives. This paper discusses what I learned from this book. I will also connect what is said about sign language in the book to the way modern society views American sign language (ASL). What was Understood from the Book One of the most outstanding lessons from this book is that society can assimilate the deaf, and allow them to lead normal lives. In the book, the author notes that deaf people living in Martha’s Vineyard between the 1600s and the 1900s were part of the community, and they were not seen as individuals with a hearing problem. Groce reveals that all people living on this island were bilingual and “every resident learnt to talk in with fingers as early as with his tongue” (75). The realization that the deaf can be assimilated into the larger community and be involved in normal daily activities was baffling to me. In modern society, ASL is mainly studied by the deaf. The common perception is that this form of language is meant for those without the capacity to hear. This view is a clear contrast to what Groce highlights throughout her book. The current lack of interest in ASL by hearing individuals underscores the majority of the problems and stigmatization that deaf people experience in our times. As Groce notes, “A deaf person’s greatest problem is not simply that he or she cannot hear, but that the lack of hearing is socially isolating” (3). This assertion is true because deaf people are excluded from most social events. Contemporarily, it is difficult to find deaf individuals attending social functions organized by their hearing counterparts. In cases where a deaf person gathers the courage to join such an event, he or she will be isolated most of the time. This argument holds because modern soc
Introduction At the moment, there are many unresolved problems of nursing in pediatrics. The most significant is the expansion of the area of professional activity of nurses. Therefore, is necessary to establish a list of skills and competencies that a specialist with a nursing education has. The most apparent indicator of nurses’ lack of qualification in pediatrics is nosocomial infections or postoperative complications. As a rule, they are associated with the mistakes of nurses who do not have all the necessary skills to care for the patient. The study aims to identify special skills critical for a nurse in pediatrics, the lack of which can lead to negative consequences for patients. The study will analyze the mistakes made by nurses that led to hospital-acquired infections or surgical complications in patients. As a result of the study, a list of experimental manipulations that nurses should be perfectly proficient in for organizing effective nursing care will be compiled. The skills that meet the new, relatively high requirements for the theoretical and practical training of a nurse as an independent specialist will be listed. The nursing process brings a new understanding of the role of nurses in practical healthcare. It requires them to have not only good theoretical training but also the ability to treat patient care creatively. This fact and the constantly expanding field of activity of nurses associated with it determined the choice of a theoretical basis for this study. The scientific base of the work includes recent studies devoted to innovative methods in the training of nurses by both American and foreign scientists. They are written to improve the effectiveness of public health protection through the use of new technologies in the training of nurses. These papers indicate the skills acquired by nursing personnel during multi-level training, which serve as the basis for this study. The structure of the study is determined by its goals and objectives. The first part reveals the relevance of the topic, which confirms the expediency and practical significance of the research. In the second part, the literature is analyzed, which demonstrates the theoretical basis of the work. In the third chapter, the course of the research is formulated in detail, the method and its ethical side are justified. The work is completed by a list of references representing current international research in pediatrics and nursing. The list of sources used reflects independent creative work and general methodological training when writing a project. The problem of structural adjustment of the pediatric industry requires new approaches to solving complex socio-psychological issues in rational use of labor resources. This study is aimed at solving one of these problems, namely, a redistribution of function
Abstract If one walks in a home and finds children, one is able to tell whether these kids are boys or girls by quickly having a glimpse at the playroom. If one comes across baseballs, trucks, planes and trains, automatically there are boys. If the room is full of dolls, animals and is of colors such as pink, the right guess is there are girls (Daniel, p1). Toys have come to be gender specific just like the clothes and parents get disturbed when a girl chooses a train instead of a doll, or a boy chooses a doll instead of a truck. The real idea of specific programming is not known by the children and therefore it is learnt in most cases from the parents (Daniel, p1). Toddlers simply know that they are enjoying doing certain activities with the toys. Some of the activities are; role playing, sorting and building. These could be performed using toys of different colors. Unless children are being prompted by adults or siblings, they view the toys to be gender specific (Vygotsky, p4). The paper will look at the impacts certain stereotyped toys can have on the complexity of the children’s play, identify the way the behaviors influence the cognitive development of the child while making use of the play assessment. The research involves thirty children who are of one and a half years to four years. The children were observed for minutes playing in a room. The results obtained demonstrated that high complexity levels were revealed when the children used female toys. Other results are discussed in the paper. I will also identify the toys that are mostly used by the boys and those used by the girls and whether it really matters to use any (Linder, p2). Introduction The aim of using play as a part of cognitive development in a child is not a new phenomena. Play is one of the contributors in the cognitive development of skills in a child (Piaget, p1). Play therefore exemplifies the ever changing and current child’s cognitive functioning throughout their entire life as children (Linder, p2). The development is seen in the change from the exploratory to the symbolic play. Here, a lot of the research attention is focused on the several decades that have passed. Children enjoy and find pleasure while playing because play occurs in the natural environment of the child. Play is regarded as a motivator to the children. It makes higher development levels in mental ability and behavior (Vygotsky, p4). The age of the child and the interests the children have on the toys and plays should come first and the gender follows (Payne, p1). Children always love to be with other children so as to play with them. They can spend a lot of time playing with the toys and use their imaginations like their guide. Even if a parent may have the feeling that driving the child in one direction when they are young could improve their interest, talent or potential, the chance
Plato Plato was one of the first philosophers to discuss the importance of the way in which a message is presented. Plato developed his method of coming to truth, and he called it dialectics. Dialectics is a process of coming to truth in which two opposing sides, thesis and antithesis, are presented by two people in the form of argumentation. Every person states their opinion and supports it with arguments. In the end of a dialogue or a debate, the truth is supposed to emerge from the clash of the two opinions, and the defeated one is morally obliged to accept the force of a better argument. In this process, logic or reason is crucial. Plato believed that each of the persons in a debate has to obey logic, and can examine the logic of the opponent’s argumentation, and if any contradictions or fallacies are found, they can reveal them, thereby winning the argument. Since reason is very important to Plato, he strongly opposed the use of any other rhetorical devices. He claimed that appeal to emotion in an argument is not only wrong but dangerous. For that reason, he is known for saying that poets have no place in an Ideal state. Aristotle Aristotle realizes Plato’s idea of rhetoric expressed in “Phedre”. This idea, for Aristotle, still co