ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The presented article by David Noonan describes the psychological phenomenon of road rage. A recently released report shows that a vast majority of U.S. drivers have engaged in antisocial acts during driving. The types of acts range from tailgating to personally confronting other drivers and bumping into their cars. The alarming statistic suggests that there are millions of drivers in the United States that are willing to harm other people and their property during the incidents of road rage (Noonan). The article then moves on to examine possible causes of driver aggression. Moral disengagement is proposed as one of the causes. The research of Jerry Deffenbacher is mentioned as one of the first in this area, as well as his measurement surveys. The research of Christine Wickers suggests that driver aggression is relatively evenly split between genders. However, driver violence is a predominantly male activity. One very interesting notion brought up by the article suggests that road rage is caused by the perception of privacy that a person feels inside the car, despite it being in public. Also, commonly drivers blame external factors for their actions while blaming other drivers for making mistakes (Noonan). The article concludes with a section on possible solutions to the issue. Ray Faiola suggests that the primary way of dealing with such drivers is to disengage with them as quickly as possible. The same notion is backed by the spokesperson for the New Jersey State Police. Other solutions include modifying poorly designed intersections and signs. The author calls for more research and points out the possibility of more unreported road rage cases (Noonan). The phenomenon of road rage is distressing to me because of its possible lethality. People o
Introduction The following essay is concerned with the Transport Security Administration (TSA) screening program. The essay thus examines what the program entails and how it has evolved to what it is today. Also, the essay describes the enhancements that are believed to make the program grow in the future. The Transportation Security Administration commonly refereed to as TSA refers to the United States agency which provides security measures to the United States citizens as they travel. The TSA was assigned the task of enhancing safety on all the means of transport by the Aviation and Transportation Security Act,2001 and the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007.Transaportt Security Administration program usual makes traveling safer particularly to those who uses the air. The need to enhance security in the United States airports has been a major issue among most residents. The 2001 terrorist attacks have brought about increased awareness and improved security systems so as to prevent the occurrence of a similar attack in the future. The lack of airport security thus implies that people cannot travel by air for fear of being attacked by the terrorists. This in turn will render to huge losses in the airline industry and hence many people will lose their jobs (United States science committee on Commerce and Transportation, 2005, P.61). The TSA consist of more than 50,000 employees who are concerned with ensuring that the citizen’s travels safely. The staff has the role of looking for bombs at the point of entries in airports, inspecting the rail cars, patrolling passageways together with the police officers so as to enhance security of transportation systems. The TSA thus inspects the areas where they suspect that the terrorist as well as gangs have concealed their dangerous weapons. Other improvements that the Transportation Security Administration has made include the baggage screens as well as increased screening of passengers. Also, the screening methods have been updated and Air marshals who operate on both the home as well as worldwide flights redoubled. There are also tight restrictions that are aimed at ensuring that the passengers don’t carry dangerous items as part of their luggage (USSCCT, 2005, P.61-65). The evolution of Transport Security Administration program Many countries around the world have been using the explosive detection in their airline industries for years. For instance, the Canines have been used in the airport security systems for years in an effort to enhance securities in their airline industry. The Transport Security Administration program was formed as to address the September 2001 terrorist attacks. John Macaw was the initial administrator of the Transport Security Administration program in the United States. The program was meant to enhance security by combating hijacking of the aircraft and also ensuring that the US residents travel safely to their destinations. The Transport Security Administration also has the mandate of overseeing security for railroads, highways among o
Throughout time, the existing social and cultural order has allocated women the roles of wives and muses, often primarily defined by their looks. It is fair, however, to specify that in the past these attitudes were expressed in a more prolific manner than today. Contextualized by the male gaze of the narrative hero of the short story, the girls in A&P, the story written by John Updike, are being observed from their very first appearance. It is evident that females of that era were judged by and valued mainly for their physical appearance. Firstly, they are being objectified and intently studied by everyone present in the store, which they enter at the beginning of the story. The narrative paints it in a way that suggests the girls being aware of the almost sexual power they possess; this perspective does not hold up to criticism. The girls are denied the agenda in this case, having little to no control over whether they would like to be perceived this way. Secondly, the protagonist’s desire affects his actions and attempts to help the girls throughout the story. It is important to specify that he is not motivated by this attraction alone, yet since his perceptions of the girls are affected by it immediately, one cannot be separated from another. In his mind, Sammy refers to the most attractive girl, Queenie, as “this queen” (Updike 2). His intent of helping the girls and the value he is attaching to them in his mind stems from their attractiveness. Thirdly, there is a sense of othering in the ways the protagonist perceives and describes the girls. To him, they are somewhat separate creatures that he wishes to understand but struggles with. Instead, he is too preoccupied observing the straps “loose of her shoulders” (Updike 1). The sense of othering is a known phenomenon in any study of fetishization, which prioritizes physical attraction over anything else there is in the person. As a result, the narration leaves the protagonist informed of his mistakes when he realizes he did not understand the girls at all. Work Cited Updike, John. A&P . Readings, 1962. pp. 1-5. Web.
Does the Crime Fit the Age? Juveniles should be treated differently than adults by the criminal justice system for a variety of reasons. First, children are generally considered unable to make sound decisions and realize the consequences of their actions. Children cannot make all the decisions for themselves, which is confirmed by law. If children are treated as adults by the criminal justice system, it would be inconsistent with law. Second, children are weak, both mentally and physically. If they are treated as adults, they are to be incarcerated with adults. Children cannot mentally handle serving a sentence with adults. Such practice can lead to mental illnesses, rape, physical assaults, and an increased chance of adopting new crimes. Finally, children often commit crimes out of ignorance or peer pressure. If juveniles are trialed as adults, they are not likely to recover, which means that their lives will be ruined because of society’s inability to protect them. A recent case in Pennsylvania demonstrates why children cannot be treated as adults. Thirteen-year-old Brayden Wright is charged with murder for killing his nine-year-old brother for a simple fact that the younger brother refused to play a game with Brayden (Metrick, 2020). This demonstrates that children do not realize the consequences of their actions. However, according to Pennsylvania laws, there is a high chance that the offender will be treated as an adult by the criminal justice system. If Wright is charged with first-degree murder, he will automatically y go to jail for life. Thus, a child’s life will be over for no reason. Juvenile Delinquency: Perception versus Reality While juvenile delinquency is becoming less frequent, people seem to become more worried about violent adolescents. Current news is full of stories about mindless murders committed by children and school shootings. According to Keneally (2019), there have been at least 11 deadly shootings at schools associated with more than 100 victims in total. Such reports make people afraid of teenagers’ inability to control their anger. However, the total number of violent crimes decreased from 1,108 thousand in 1993 to 215 thousand in 2017, which is an 80% decrease in violent crime prevalence (Statista, 2019). However, even with general downward trends, juvenile delinquency is a significant social issue that needs to be addressed. Juvenile violence persists because its
Introduction Concrete compressive strength testing is used to establish the characteristics of specimens when subjected to a weighing load. The strength is measured in N/mm2 or MPa. In most cases, such strengths are dependent upon the quantity and type of cement used in the concrete mix. The compressive stress of hardened cement is the most significant of all the characteristics. Therefore, cement is often verified for its strength in the laboratory before it is used in vital construction works. Specimens tested are usually cuboidal or cylindrical geometries in nature. Compressive strength is dependent on the water-cement ratio (WCR), mixing technique, placing, and curing. Strength tests are not made on neat cement paste because of difficulties of the excessive shrinkage and subsequent cracking of neat cement. The general objective of this testing is to evaluate the reliability and protection of the constituents used to make the specimen. Materials used in load-bearing applications with strong compressive forces must have high structural integrity. The formula for compressive strength is the force exerted divided by the specimen’s cross-sectional area. Consequently, the specimen is likely to have low compressive strength to withstand high pressure. Therefore, the specific objectives for the laboratory experiment include three tests. First, test 7-days old cement pastes cubes in compression using 2-in cement paste cubes with varying WCRs (0.30, 0.50, and 0.70). Second, to test the 7-days old “small” concrete cylinders in compression using 2-in diameter concrete cylinders with varying WCRs (0.30, 0.50, and 0.70) using the hydraulic machine. The last objective was to test the 90-days old “large” three 4×8 concrete cylinders in compression, which had a WCR of 0.40. Material and Methods Materials   * Three each cuboidal or cylindrical Portland cement   * Water   * Weighing balance   * Glass cylinder   * “Small” concrete cylinders Cube mold (2” x 2” x 2”) Pre-Labs Steps  1. Upon the preparation of mix from the previous laboratory tests, the required number of molds sufficient to make 3 cuboidal and 3 “small” cylindrical ones were filled. Three 90-days old “large” three 4×8 concrete cylinders were also obtained from the laboratory test of a previous laboratory test. The tamping pressure was then established sufficient enough to guarantee uniform filling of the molds.  2. After completion of the filling, the molds were placed in moist air for 24 hours and later placed underwater for 7 days. Procedure  1. After completion of the curing period (7 days), the specimen was taken out from the water and kept in the air to ensure that the surfaces were dry and free from water.  2. The bearing surface of the testing machine was then cleaned.  3. Weighing loads were then applied to the specimen faces that are in contact with the plane surfaces of the mold.  4. The specimens wer
Introduction Film musicals are amongst the most unique American artistic expressions, having a worldwide audience. For the past 90 years, this cinema genre has glorified individuality, self-expression, and the chase for aspirations. The film musical has long been a defiantly progressive genre, embracing difficult topics and promoting diversity while shattering traditional narrative constructs with its ostentatious experimental shows. As a result, understanding and analyzing the past of this popular genre is essential. Main Body The Origins Long before sound was born, musical roots can be seen in the early film, for which researcher Tom Gunning created the name “cinema of attractions.” The cinema of attractions elicits a high level of awareness of the film image, piquing the audience’s interest, and renouncing narrative cinema’s storytelling role. In the 1920s, the interminable lines of high-kicking chorus women that characterize classical music were considered both sexually provocative and strikingly robotic in their clockwork-perfect performances (Griffin, 2018). Bringing these daring innovations to the feature film was a no-brainer and a statement of impudent freshness and vitality. This is the first feature-length “talkie” The Jazz Singer , a Warner Bros. film starring Al Jolson, was released in 1927, while having only seven songs and a few lines of screen speech, had a significant impact on the cinema business. Within a few years, film musicals became popular and loved globally. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayers Studios (MGM) secured the first Academy Award for a musical film for The Broadway Melody in 1929. Despite the industry’s rapid growth, film musicals emerged as a new genre that directors were eager to explore. There was no established winning strategy and no proven methodology for musical filmmaking in comparison to the stage. In addition to posing challenges, this provided an incredible artistic opportunity for those who relocated from the theatre. Many historians argue, however, that the Depression killed off early musicals by 1930, only to resurrect them in 1933 (Moritz, 2017). Indeed the number of musicals produced in 1931 and 1932 dropped dramatically, not only in quantity but also in quality. At times it seemed to the public as if every film they saw was a musical, and each of them was the same (Hodgkinson, 1975). The cinemas were flooded with mediocrity, which quickly drove the all-talking, all-singing, all-dancing musicals out of business. Despite the decrease in musical film quality in the 1930s, it is still marked as a time of few great musicals. This decade had its distinction – focus on dancing
Food is essential to human beings, but when someone has diabetes, diet becomes the only solution. In our modern society, ambition is usually considered to be a positive word: “…it is a strong or ardent desire of anything considered advantageous, honoring, or creditable” (OED, def.#2). Look around the world, most the people are working hard to fulfill their ambitions: wealth and power. Are the ambitions still something that will give people hope and happiness? No! Ambitions are giving people another kind of “Diabetes,” and it is time to “Diet.” Readers can learn more about how ambitions are causing sickness by analyzing one of the most famous William Shakespeare’s tragedies—- Macbeth . By analyzing Shakespeare’s work from the perspective of character, setting, symbolism, and plot, readers can understand how these ambitions destroyed the Macbeths step by step. Although ambition could destroy one’s future, Shakespeare also showed us another tragedy caused by a lack of ambition in Hamlet. Therefore, ambition is just like food, which is important, but one cannot have too much, and for someone who has “Ambition Diabetes” like Macbeths and Claudius, a “Logo Diet” would be a good choice. One of the big three tragedies from Shakespeare, Macbeth , mainly focuses on describing how Macbeths, who have an “ambition diabetes” disease, go to death. At the beginning of this play, Macbeth was an honorable general; he just came back from tough combat. His “ambition diabetes” start from when three witches said: “All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee, thane of Glamis! / All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee, thane of Cawdor! /All hail, Macbeth! That shalt be king hereafter” (Shakespeare 1.3, line 49-51)! His response was that: “Stay, your imperfect speakers, tell me more” (Shakespeare 1.3, line 71). His response shows his curiosity for these three witches, and it also reflects his ambition or hope at this time to be the thane of Cawdor and king. This fact is undeniable, as the Academy concluded that the man was affected so greatly that he decided to “seize a throne” (170). However, it is significant to realize that, in this case, ambitiousness characterizes not only Macbeth but also the witches. When the soldier meets the witches, they start interacting with them in order to meet their goal of changing the lives of the whole kingdom. These characters make the man think that he is able to do everything, but they are the ones who trigger all the following actions. Macbeth becomes a puppet in their hands, and he assists the witches without realizing it. There is a possibility that he would remain an honorable soldier if he did not interact with them and acknowledge that he will turn into a king in the future. Under this influence, Macbeth becomes the most ambitious man in the play, and this trait of character makes him a murderer. He states: “I have no spur / To prick the sides of my intent, but only / Vaulting a
The role of social media in people’s lives has increased exponentially over the past decade. The online personas that people create matter to them nearly just as much as their real-life image due to the constant communication and the opportunity to track down their responses to specific posts at any time. As a result, the impact of social media on the mental well-being of its users is worth considering. Sumner et al. point to the positive effects of social media, clarifying that the specified technological innovation can be used as the tool for improving mental health of its users. Namely, the research states that social media allows spreading useful and positive information about health-related issues much faster than traditional media. As a result, the opportunities for increasing the levels of public health and addressing some of the most common public health issues emerge. The connection between the positivity of a message and its reception in social media is a crucial piece of information that needs to be incorporated into the current approach toward increasing the levels of public health, citizens’ health literacy, and the accessibility of health services. Namely, the conclusions that Sumner et al. make concerning the direct correlation between the positivity of a message and the likelihood of it being transmitted to a greater number of people should be used as the tool fro encouraging better health management: “Sheer volume of supportive content provided by produced by organizations or individuals may be less important than creating higher-quality messages” (p. 143). Thus, the conclusion that the authors provide should be used to enhance the efficacy and accessibility of the current health services. One could argue that the general research outcomes should be seen as quite upsetting given the implications that they provide. Namely, the fact that the work of health professionals, who perform meticulous studies and arrange the data as carefully as possible to provide accurate and concise guidelines may be less important than an upbeat yet empty message is a rather sad idea. The specified conclusions may lead to a drop in the extent of health practitioners’ and nurse educators’ enthusiasm in providing the services of the highest quality. However, the m
Modern age can be characterized by a great level of rivalry. To become successful a person or organization should be better than the rest of the world and be able to compete with its rivals. With this in mind, it is possible to say that the work of all departments of any organization or a company should be organized in the best possible way to promote the good and beneficial functioning of an organization. Under these conditions, such an issue as human resource management obtains great significance. It is the remedy that can organize the functioning of the whole company and promote its becoming beneficial (Scholl 2009). However, there are a great number of changes that happen in all spheres of human activity and the issue of human resources is not an exception. With this in mind, it is possible to analyze the main peculiarities of the modern system which promotes the efficient functioning of the department responsible for human resource management. First of all, it should be said that there is a great number of different functions peculiar to the department of HR in different organizations. First of all, it is responsible for hiring new workers which is vital for every organization. Moreover, salary determination, workers compensations and a great number of other tasks should be accomplished by this very department ( HR: Functions n.d). That is why it becomes obvious that the efficient functioning of the HR department is vital for every company. It is impossible to become beneficial without the efficient work of stuff. The main aim of the HR department is the creation of the best conditions for workers which can lead to an increase in the level of their satisfaction and promote achieving better results (Torrington, Hall, Taylor & Atkinson 2014). However, new conditions promote the appearance of new methods and strategies which should be used by specialists of this department ( The Changing HR function n.d). To see these changes better, it is possible to analyze the work of some beneficial organization. With this in mind, Google seems to be the best choice for it. It is one of the most valuable companies in the world and now it uses some innovative technologies in its work. The thing is, that new technologies require new kinds of thinking and a new approach to some issues. That is why Google looks for people who can work under these conditions. Additionally, in Google “it’s not called human resources; instead, the function is called ‘people operations’”( Sullivan 2013, para. 7). The change of the title should show the change of the attitude to the issue. Moreover, all decisions made in this department are based on the analysis and information of different kind. The subjective approach to people is replaced by precise analysis of their qualities and skills with the main idea to determine whether th