ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Overview Different genomes present various stressors with respect to how species coexist in a habitat. In the current paper, the author discusses how organisms are able to adapt to constraints posed by changing environmental factors. Grasslands present an ideal platform for evaluation of adaptability among organisms in the context of climate change. A case study of the lesser prairie-chicken will be used for the purposes of discussions in this paper. Human Adaptability as a Response to Constraints The habitation of a given group of people is dependent on their environment. The environment, on its part, is not a static phenomenon. It will always change due to natural and man-made factors prevailing in a particular region. To this end, people find it necessary to adjust to their environment through adaptation. It is the only way they can continue living at the same place in changing times. According to Adger, the ability to adjust to environmental changes is considered as a plastic response to the surroundings (131). The plasticity is affected by a number of issues. Such factors range from cultural and physiological aspects of human interactions to behavioral elements. They affect how well individuals adapt to changes in the environment. The plasticity of the human species is a response to the constraints presented by the environment. For instance, Moran argues that environmental changes have a physiological effect on people (34). Based on the existing climatic aspects, communities develop corresponding phenotypic responses. Such reactions include, among others, acclimatization (Swift 460). Adaptation Ability Ecosystems present a number of problems to the inhabitants. In light of this, it is noted that floods and typhoons are some of the environmental aspects that influence adaptation (Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs [Defra] 43). In this regard, the interaction between humans and the environment calls for adjustments to accommodate the changes in the surroundings. Adaptation to the environment requires certain changes for it to be useful to the inhabitants. For instance, in areas prone to flooding, communities living there create dams to mitigate the negative effects of these natural disasters. It is apparent that changes in the environment affect human activities (Barth 10). Agriculture is one of the main economic activities in human societies that are impacted by a number of environmental changes (Smit and Wandel 283). For example, drought and floods are some of the challenges that are known to affect agricultural activities (Swift 459). To this end, drought inhibits agriculture in cases where the practice is dependent on rain. On the other hand, aridity minimizes the growth of disease-causing pathogens like molds and fungi. Consequently, adaptation is necessary to ensure that human activities are not interfered with by the ever-changing elements of the environment. It is one of the reasons why humans have been able to live in grasslands in spite of the env
Many business opportunities presented in the newfound market in Canada called upon our business team to enter and exploit them. To this end, it was determined that a team be formed comprising different members assigned different tasks. The main aim was to open up the new market and deliver items for selling. With each member assigned different tasks, mine was to be the team leader. The Center for Management and Communication effectiveness (CMOE) (2008) identifies team leaders roles as to coordinate team members, ensure effective communication within the team and outside of the team, timely delivery of items into the new market, ensure the members worked to the advantage of the business, and other responsibilities seen necessary and appropriate. In the due course time of it was realized that sourcing and delivering of items into the new market experienced delays that could make loss of business and opportunity. The items were not entering the market as planned. This compelled the team leader to investigate the likely causes for the long delays experienced. In the process of investigation, brought to book to the disadvantage of the team was that team members were poorly coordinated; tasks assigned them were not done effectively, poor communication within the team and outside of the team, a lot of paper work in the customs department, and poor communication between the team and the customs department (CMOE , 2008). To solve these problems, the team leader proposed that, the customs department use available computer technology, which could effectively address the problem of delays in the customs departments and reduce paper work. Computer technology relayed information quickly and this saves a lot of wasted time. In addition, problems inherent within the team called upon the team leader to create an effective environment of trust between the team member and the team leader, define good communication channels through which information could be made readily available for all team members to elicit action. Any problems that may arise could immediately be resolved due to instant availability of information. It was determined that teamwork be encouraged within the team members, and the team leader exercise good team leadership skills. These included identifying and solving problems quickly, developing good leadership skills and effectively using them in the development of the team as found in the (CMOE , 2008). The team building activity could strengthen the capability and capacity of the team members by strengthening their ability to overcome problems experienced in the course of duty. The team building methods could contribute to improved communication between the team members, customs personnel, and the people in the market. This could make members feel motivated, know each other well, be involved in collective goal setting, and be self-regulating without need of regular supervision. In addition, the team members could learn their weaknesses and strengths and find ways of improving
In the past few years, the study of human migration is getting lots of attention. The reason behind it is that the people all over the world are migrating in a large number. This has been possible due to today’s advanced technology, which is reducing the gap between different continents so the nations worldwide are getting connected in a better way than before. As an international student myself, I find it is fascinating that so many people are moving around the globe every year, looking for opportunities to have better education, better work conditions, and fulfill their dreams. I would like to explore on the reasons why people migrate, what are challenges and opportunities they are facing, and how they handle culture shocks. According to social scientists, migration is more or less permanent move of people across space. In a broader sense, immigration includes change in residence and a change in culture. According to the terminology of the social sciences, people who move out of a place a called ‘emigrate’ and who settle in a new setting after moving from a place are called ‘immigrants’ (Surez-Oroxco, 7212). The causes of migration: Some scholars of immigration believe a few factors responsible for immigration such as, economic forces, social factors and cultural practices. The economic factors have been understood as unemployment, underemployment and wage differentials etc. They are also considered as ‘push’ factors. Demand for foreign workers in various sectors of a host country’s economy is considered as ‘pull’ factor. Immigrants in any country tend to be highly mixed people in terms of religious background, socio-cultural background, race and ethnicity and educational background. Scholars of immigration believe that cultural and social practices produce migratory flows. People migrate due to the reason that their friends, family and relatives migrates before them. History says that war and migration have been strongly linked. During World War II, the threat of labor shortages created temporary labor recruitment. It was done to attract immigrant workers to United States. After World War II many Northwestern European democracies like Belgium and Germany started ‘guest worker programs’ for recruiting foreign workers in southern Europe and later, in the Maghreb region of North Africa and in Turkey. Though these programs vanished in early 1970s, yet association with the family and chain migration kept bringing immigrants from North Africa to Europe for so many years. In today’s scenario, labor right activists are demanding some universally accepted human rights for the suitable working conditions for them that is why this topic has become the focus of serious argument among international agencies, policy makers general public and nongovernmental organizations. Child labor practice, which gets serious attention and the topic of public debate, depends on the economic development of any country and many families earn th
Japan has an admirable healthcare system that does not impose on the pockets of patients. It already has the lowest infant mortality rate and contained medical costs which are both strong health indicators of a successful healthcare system (Gleysteen, NYU). Japan’s experience has been accepted by America. A well-implemented preventive program along with a government investment paved the way to a healthcare system leadership for Japan. Informing the public about long-term productive benefits and costs of preventing and postponing disability constitute one of medicine’s biggest challenges (Fahs, NYU). Health behavior of socio-cultural patterns, disease, economic productivity needs to be understood internationally. Increasing communication and partnerships in research would contribute to evidence-based innovative changes through global experience. Universal coverage is a major advantage. Patients have a free choice of providers. The financing involves a multi-payer employment-based one. Private hospitals and fee-for-service systems also participated. Health insurance premiums are based on the ability to pay (Fahs, NYU). People are covered whether they are ill or have the risk of succumbing to illness. Delivery of care is left in the hands of medical professionals. Life expectancy at birth for males is 72.9 years and 81.9 years for females, the highest in the world. Infant mortality is the lowest. Societal values and traditions of egalitarianism form the base of the healthcare system. Healthcare resources show the rate of 15.8 hospital beds for 1000 patients which happens to be the highest among the OECD countries (Fahs, NYU). However the number of physicians is only 1.6 per 1000 population which is the fifth-lowest in the OECD countries but the number of physician contacts is more. The length of physician visits is 6.9 minutes only and staff also are minimal. Surgeries are limited.; Caesarian sections come to only half of their frequency in America. Japan is not backward in the latest technology; it has the highest number of CT scanners and extra-corporeal lithotripters per capita (Fahs, NYU). The highest number of end-stage renal disease is treated in Japan. Japan also uses the most drugs as a part of total health expenditures. Non invasive procedures are preferred by Japanese doctors. Hospital admissions are least; ambulant care is preferred. However the lengths of stay are greater. The Japanese medical insurance system has national medical insurance (for the self-employed) or social insurance (for employees) and thereby covers all Japanese citizens comprehensively. Beneficiaries may have to pay co-payments based on income (Nomura and Nakayama, 2005). Mixed private and insurance payments are not allowed. All beneficiaries are allowed access.
This paper will provide an analysis of the article “COVID-19: Impact on Nurses and Nursing” by Fauteux (2021). The abstract is supposed to be the opening of the article. It is a way to quickly introduce the reader to the results of the research. In this article, the abstract is a brief overview of the topic that will be discussed. However, it contains no information about the methods of the research or its results. On this basis, such an abstract cannot be called comprehensive. The article’s introduction is already more extensive, offering a general overview of the topic. It provides information that the times of coronavirus pandemic have affected nursing. In addition, the introduction has statistics, which introduce the reader to the subject in a tangible way. From the introduction, I learned about the general factors of COVID’s effect on nursing, including increased mortality, changes in work practices, and increased workload. This introduction can be considered extensive and adequate. The research method of this article is qualitative in that a review of a body of research draws empirical conclusions. These conclusions relate to the significant changes that have occurred in nursing and its nature. The study uses quantitative data that has already been processed and presents an overview of information previously analyzed. The result of the study is the identification of the main factors of change in nursing. These include the intensification of collaboration and innovation, the removal of practice barriers, the popularization of telemedicine, and the increased risks of burnout (Fauteux, 2021). I learned how much nursing has been affected by the pandemic. I was mostly interested in the increased risk of nurse burnout due to too much workload. I also learned about the popularization of telemedicine due to the pandemic, which was a revelation to me because the attitude of the patients to their health seems to have drastically changed after the virus outbreak. This article is beneficial in understanding how an entire division of medical practice can change under extreme conditions. Reference Fauteux, N. (2021). COVID-19: Impact on nurses and nursing. American Journal of Nursing
Literature is a form of art that has immense potential in terms of changing a person’s life. The power of reading lies in its ability to sew positive ideas and provide valuable lessons for every individual who can understand the ideas and images behind words. At the same time, the piece of writing does not have to be long or detailed to have a positive impact on a person’s life. On the contrary, some short stories are particularly powerful in this regard. O. Henry is one of such authors who can send strong and compelling messages with only a few pages of writing. I’ve read many short stories written by him, and each carries a special significance for literature as a form of art. However, in my opinion, “The Gift of the Magi” is one of the most powerful pieces of writing I have encountered. This short story by O. Henry follows a couple, Della and Jim, during the Christmas time in the early 20 th century. The characters are not rich, but they still do everything in their power to please each other for Christmas. Furthermore, in an attempt to provide a high-quality gift for the other, each of them ultimately sells their own cherished possessions. In the end, Della and Jim understand that they are their own gifts, the most valuable ones in the Universe (O. Henry, 2014). From my perspective, this short story is insightful in that it shows that material goods are not necessarily the most important aspects of life. Instead, spiritual connection, sincerity, and willingness to please the closest people in one’s life are the key to happiness. The story of Della and Jim opened my eyes to this idea and prompted me to re-evaluate my entire paradigm of relationships. Because of this piece of writing, I saw what was truly important in life. Such bonds are eternal, and they are what makes a person truly rich. Reference O. Henry. (2014). The gift of the Magi . Simon & Schuster.
Introduction Both Whitney and Ed-North are fervent as regards amassing antiques. Habitually, they perform several tasks encompassing: gracing with their presence at garage sales; and walking around marketplaces with the endeavor of buying commodities. To procure an old writing desk that was deemed to be in poor condition, they opted to fritter $600 in 2010. To that effect, they took the writing desk to the garage for it to be refurbished. In that process, a document that was regarded as being old was discovered by Whitney. This document was found jammed in the dark recess of the desk. Astonishingly, the old document that was hit upon by Whitney was a Declaration-of-Independence old copy and this made her very thrilled as the discovered document was deemed to be a chronological fortune. Ed-North and Whitney went to the Dutch auction house, known as Sotheby to be appraised for hitting upon that document. Sotheby corroborated the document and as of December 2011, $1,350,000 was its value of the appraisal. In April 2012, after corroboration by Sotheby, its value of appraisal net of other expenses was $1,650,000. Ultimately, Whitney and Ed-North took their cash in May 2012 (Pope, Anderson, & Kramer, 2011). I have been called by my supervisor to come up with a tax report on how Whitney and Ed-North ought to treat their discovered document for levy purposes (CCH, 2013). Issues The taxability of the elemental document that was discovered by use of CCH remedies will be dependent on manifold concerns, encompassing: whether there is a taxable income that is associated with this document and if there is, what is the taxable-income amount; and whether there is a character that is associated with a particular income. Ideally, CCH is regarded as the foremost levy provider that is capable of delivering customized remedies, such as the Declaration-of-Independent document (CCH, 2013). Discussion Sotheby critiqued the document that was hit upon by Ed-North and Whitney, to minimize the high-priced risks that are in correlation with circuitous tax remedies which are proffered by the CCH (CCH, 2013). There is a taxable income that is associated with this document. The tax research memo greatly employed the CCH tax remedies as they guaranteed that the levy methodologies will fulfill the complicated rules of the current tax (CCH, 2013). The document that was hit-upon by Whitney and Ed-North is a salvaged good. If we happen to hit upon a tossed away or discarded property, which is deemed to be invaluable, precisely, we have spent nothing at all in acquiring it; we ought to encompass its value in our taxable income as this is permitted by the federal law of the U.S. Conclusion It is elemental that we utilize CCH tools while lev
By nature men and women are inter dependent. Therefore, they have to establish a mode of coexistence to benefit most form this interdependent relationship. One of the marked features of this relationship is communication. Despite the fact that men and women try to establish a means of communication understood to both genders, they usually end up in disagreements. This is because men and women are as different form each other as much as they are similar. The differences are due to various factors such as upbringing, motivation and their personal priorities. These differences, even though affect the way they relate, need not lead to disagreements but enhance a better understanding of the opposite sex for a more fulfilling relationship. Thus factors that make men different also have an effect on their behavior which in effect affects the way men and women relate to each other and the people around them To begin with, women esteem the place of communication in a relationship than men. To women, communication is a more intimate affair as it is purposed to getting intimately closer to a partner. Women want the men in their lives to talk to them as a way of showing intimacy and connection. On the contrary, men do not see the need to hold a conversation longer in a marriage. Men are much more comfortable remaining silent. They claim that if their wives do not carry on the dialogue then that dialogue is as good as dead (Tannen 245). Angier explains that the basic difference between men and women is that men seem to self-detract (1). The self destructions come from the fact that instead of talking when they have a problem, like women do, men divert their feelings towards an action, such drinking, body building, taking walks or even road trips. Even though psychotherapist encourages this kind of behaviors, they ultimately lead to an increase in the number of deaths in men than in women (1). Ironically, men are much better at taking care of their health. They are much more likely to do exercises to maintain a good healthy body and adapt healthier eating habits. These self-destructing behaviors eventually do strain their family members. When men die out of this self-imposed death, their families suffer. Another difference between these two genders is that while men see listening as belittling, women see it a basis of founding a meaningful relationship. This is because of the facts that the two are socially constructed differently. Socialization between men is away of maintaining independence, so, listening makes men feel subordinated (Tannen 245; Angier 2). Women want men to do more active listening and use both affirmative words and actions to show that they feel what the woman is saying. The problem with th
The article under discussion reflects on the notion of thinness and its increasingly growing popularity among young girls. The author considers this current tendency and tries to explain it through the lenses of anorexic girls who use dieting in pursuit of beauty standards. Johnson claims that fat is alien to any human body, making it shapeless and amorphous (652). At this point, thinness helps to wear the most beautiful clothes and make them fit better. This article proves the fact that clothes is a means of people’s self-expression. However, people can express not only their desire to look better but also their economical, cultural, and political views through their clothes. Let us consider a T-shirt as political clothing. As a rule, a T-shirt is an attribute of casual style. However, it also can be a means of expression of a certain political message. According to Smith, “famous business people and politicians are known to be consistent with their wardrobe because it’s their brand identity” (par. 6). For example, Zuckerberg, a Facebook CEO, owns about 20 grey T-shirts. Although it is not expressed directly, a dress is a trademark of a person’s attitudes. Being an intermediate color between black and white, grey is considered a neutral color. It is often preferred by business people to identify their personality. In particular, Zuckerberg’s preference for grey T-shirts can be regarded as a neutral position to politics or his liberal viewpoint. Personally, I have no political T-shirts. Nevertheless, it is possible to suggest that such messages as an expression of a person’s political preference in support of a certain party can be sufficient to put on a T-shirt. In their turn, some politicians use a T-shirt as an attribute to provide in their election campaigns. In particular, writing their slogans calling to vote for a certain candidate and designing them in an appropriate color, politicians are likely to attract more population. Furthermore, several designers create clothes with the politicians’ names and prints. For instance, Sonia Rykiel, a prominent French designer, “made a political statement with a collegiate look with Obama” (“Revisiting Sonia Rykiel’s Most Memorable Catwalk Moments” par. 1). This can be aimed at support of the idea of patriotism and proud in one’s country and promote political upbringing of adolescents. Another possible message can be associated with opposition to politics accepted by a state. People can wear T-shirts calling for prohibition of a political reform or a potential action revealed through an inscription or pictures that are typically marked by red color due to its aggressive nature. However, why a T-shirt? I guess that this form of clothing is one of the most popular ones nowadays. People choose it to wear on a daily basis and add some accessories when visiting formal meetings.