ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Immobility is the state of being unable to move from one point to another. Immobility increases the possibility of health risks to a person. The inability to move can be caused by factors like the aging process, malnutrition, amputation, anxiety, obesity, terminal illness, and mandatory bed rest due to some diseases (Knight et al., 2018). Immobility can cause impacts on an individual body system that would deteriorate health status. In the cardiovascular system, lack of body movement can cause orthostatic hypotension, resulting from a reduction in neurovascular reflexes. A decrease in the reflexes causes vasoconstriction of the muscles (LeWitt et al., 2020). Therefore, when blood pools in the veins, there is limited power to squeeze it out, especially in the lower parts of the body, back to the circulatory system. The condition can make a person faint or generally feel weak. The respiratory system is also affected by immobility; when a person is not able to move, there is a decrease in the rate and depth of respiration processes. The movement of respiratory secretions also slows down due to the immobility of the body (LeWitt et al., 2020). The concentration of the secretion in the respiratory tract can result in infections. The person can develop Hypostatic pneumonia that causes cough, sharp chest pain, copious thick discharge, and increased pulse rate. To prevent orthostatic hypotension, I would advise an immobile individual to increase salt content in their diet at a recommended level to improve the blood pressure in the body. Furthermore, I would encourage the patient to be taking more liquid to increase blood pooling in the system. Additionally, to prevent complications in the respiratory system, I would recommend the person takes meals with high fiber content and fluids.
The Patriot is a 2000 war movie that Robert Rodat wrote. Ronald Emmerich directed this three-hour movie starring various high profile actors. The movie portrays the events that were taking place in South Carolina during the American Revolution War. It was filmed in South Carolina where these events used to take place. The main actors in this movie include Mel Gibson (Benjamin Martin), Heath Ledger (Gabriel Martin), Joely Richardson (Charlotte Selton), Jason Isaacs (Col. William Tavington), Chris Cooper (Col. Harry Burwell), Tom Wilkinson (Gen. Lord Charles Cornwallis), and Adam Baldwin (Apt. Wilkins). The other high profile characters in the movie include Reverend Oliver, Anne Howard, Jean Villeneuve, Dan Scott, John Billings, Occam, Peter Howard, Thomas martin among others. The movie portrays the American’s victory over their English armies. In this movie, Benjamin Martin (Mel Gibson), a South Carolina farmer and a hero of the French and Indian war is shown as being reluctant to join the Revolutionary war of 1776 (The American Movie Database, para. 1). Martin is a widower and lives with his seven children in South Carolina. One of his sons, Gabriel, becomes a member of the Continental army contrary to his acknowledgment. One day, Gabriel comes home wounded from war and the British army comes for him to hang him. His younger brother tries to release him from the British army but Tavington shoots him. Benjamin, with the help of his other two sons, manages to rescue Gabriel after killing a number of the British soldiers. Benjamin then is drawn into the revolutionary conflict against his anti-war feelings. He makes a vow to exterminate Tavington before the end of the bloody battle and allows his children to go to his wife’s sister while he links with his old friend Colonel Burwell, and, pilots the local army in the conflict against the British forces. In the end, Benjamin succeeds in killing Tavington and Cornwallis moves back and admits defeat. The arrival of French forces to confront the weakened British army in the battle of Yorktown is what compelled the opponents of the Americans to give in. The Patriot has both historical accuracies and inaccuracies. The writer of this movie wanted to bring out the events that took place during the American revolutionary war when the American people were fighting to get their independence from the British government. The movie uses characters that represent the real people during this revolutionary war but with changed names (Lindahl, para.3). Many of the battles in the film are also historically
Introduction Feminist Sex Wars of 1970s and 1980s were acrimonious debates about a number of issues relating to sex, and the role of women in this context. In the debate that was uniquely feminist in nature, the focus was on various issues about sex and how different members of the society viewed it. One of the main issues was pornography and how it impacted on the fight for equality in the society. The anti-porn feminists argued strongly against porn. To this group, pornography portrayed women as objects for sexual gratification for men. It takes away the dignity from women, leaving them empty. On the other hand, the pro-porn feminists held that, pornography did not have any negative connotation about women. They argue that the actors are consenting adult men and women who believe that what they are doing is morally right. According to Martindale i , the pro-porn feminists were opposed to the idea of the anti-porn feminists that women should avoid exposing their privacy before the camera. This was seen by the pro-porn feminist as an oppressive approach of dealing with the issue. In the current society, women, just like men, should be allowed to express their sexual orientation without any prejudice. This is one of the ways of empowering women. For this reason, pornography should not be viewed from a partial angle of just looking at the female actress. It should be taken from a holistic form where the analysis should focus on both male and female actors. Both are involved in the industry, and it would only be fair to analyse the industry by addressing this fact. Giving a biased focus on men gives the impression that women are still the weaker sex than men in the society. This is what the pro-porn feminists were opposed to in this war. They argued that both parties are equal and that if the anti-porn feminists thought that women in the pornographic films are used as objects, then they should show maturity in the fight for equity by defending the men in those films as well. In this research, the focus will be on feminists who were pro-porn during the sex wars in the 1970s and 1980s. Feminist Sex Wars According to Jeffreys ii , the feminist sex war was one of the unique revolutionary debates that had the main players as women. Men played a partial role in these debates, preferring to let women fight their own battle. This scholar says that there was a growing discomfort among many women about the issue of sexuality. The film titled ‘ Snu
The search for new sources of energy has always been an ongoing issue for any society that depends on them significantly. At the moment, oil—one of the most important resources guaranteeing further industrial development—is considered the leading source of energy. For this reason, regions like Qatar that are rich in oil deposits acquire unique strategic importance because of their leading role in producing and distributing this resource. However, wasteful misuse of the refined products resulting from oil might trigger crucial problems. Therefore, the research problem in this paper is a comprehensive investigation of ways to develop energy policy in Qatar to prompt renewable energy practices and sustainability and decrease the country’s dependence on oil. The topicality of the problem is evidenced by current trends favoring the use of renewable energy resources and the necessity to avoid further deterioration of the situation in this sphere. Numerous research studies have also been devoted to the issue. For example, Badger addresses the problem of renewable energy resources and their widespread use as an alternative to oil and gas (90). Revolving around the exhaustible character of deposits, the author suggests that regions such as the Middle East should introduce policies to promote and develop the implementation of sustainable approaches to energy and find new resources like wind- or sun-generated energy (Badger 95). Badger further asserts that it is crucial for countries, like Qatar, that are presently the most significant gas and oil manufacturers and exporters to do so as the appearance of alternatives will help support their economies and make them less dependent on the above-mentioned resources. Furthermore, Varghese notes that Qatar correctly realizes the importance of renewable resources and is cultivating a specific energy strategy focused on the wise use of solar and wind power to satisfy the state’s fundamental needs and decrease its dependence on natural gas and oil. At the same time, the country’s Ministry of Energy is concerned with the reduction of harmful emissions and a significant increase in sustainability levels (Varghese). Consequently, new incentives like the Qatar Standards or green building are being discussed with the pivotal aim of finding the most appropriate solution to promote the further use of renewable resources. In Qatar, the demand for energy has doubled over the last decade and will definitely continue to grow because of the economic development taking place in the Middle Eastern region. This is considered one of the central incentives for the further development of alternative sources of energy (Darwish et al. 78). In terms of renewable energy, Qatar holds a leading position in cultivating these practices because its potential for rene
Introduction Whosoever said that ‘Knowledge is Power’ was probably referring to empowerment through knowledge. To me, social justice is of great value because it implies that all individuals in society are treated equally and with dignity. Every individual has the same value so that there is no discrimination based on gender, religion, age, caste, or creed. However, our current society severely lacks in social justice; not all individuals are treated with equality and there is a huge divide between the rich and the poor. In order to reduce or remove this divide, it is important that all humans have equal access to opportunities for education and employment. I firmly believe that the philosophy of empowerment has the power and potential to create a uniform society with equal opportunity for all. Main body An important aspect of social justice, ‘empowerment’ can be explained as the process of increasing power within individuals, families, societies, and communities. Through empowerment, people can develop the potential to enhance their situations in all aspects of life. Within the context of social justice, the philosophy of empowerment stands out because it equips individuals to improve their abilities, strengths, confidence, and ultimately their social and economic status in society. One of the most important rules of empowerment is to share knowledge, listen to people, and encourage them to share their ideas. Empowerment opposes the oppression of any kind. Motivation is also an important tenet of empowerment. The philosophy of empowerment supports dignity and self-worth; as such, value to all people, regardless of their status or race is an important rule of empowerment. Children are innocent and weak; to me, defending the innocent is a vital rule of empowerment. Finally, the central rule of my philosophy of empowerment is the truth. The truth empowers people in all ways so that they can defend their rights and stand up for the causes they believe in. Empowerment gives human beings the authority and ability to make rational choices and assumes responsibility for these choices. In the broad context, empowerment is an educational process that helps individuals in developing their knowledge, skills, and attitudes for creating a better future for themselves. Individuals should be motivated to engage in critical thinking so that they can make the right decisions. When
Introduction The research was aiming to look at the impacts that COVID-19 has had on the airline industry, taking the case of Emirates Airlines. The following were the objectives of the research.  1. How COVID-19 has impacted the nature of work among the employees of Emirates Airlines.  2. How the pandemic has influenced the job stability of employees in the airline industry.  3. Whether the employees needed to work remotely or not.  4. How the employees can describe the work from their perspective.  5. To find out whether the workers experienced psychological pressure due to remote work. Emirates Airlines Emirates Airlines has become one of the companies, which are proliferating in the contemporary airline industry. It is a state-owned corporation based in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (Emirates, n.d). Since 1985, the company has shown excellence in service provision to customers, thereby receiving over 400 internal awards (Emirates, n.d). It has a large customer base, both nationally and internationally. It is one of the companies that provide service in more than 100 destinations in Europe, the Middle East, the Far East, Africa, Asia, Australia, and North America. It is a large corporation in the Middle East and it currently operates over 3600 flights in one week from Dubai where its hub is located to the rest of the 6 continents and over 100 destinations (Emirates, n.d). By revenue, it is the second-largest company in the world. It has expanded its operations where it also carried out a mixed fleet of Airbus and Boeing with a number of over 230 aircraft. The vision statement of Emirates Airlines is to “To be the leader in aviation innovation, environment protection as well as the best airline in the world with a global network of coverage thanks to its strict compliance with flight safety, responsibility, reliability, product and service quality, and competitiveness while making travel without borders to change the lives for the better” (HealthTechArena 2020. para. 1). The Emirates airline’s mission is to “deliver the highest standards of service quality to support business in the air transportation industry and to achieve complete customer satisfaction through innovation and refinement of service levels” (HealthTechArena 2020, para. 2). Most businesses worldwide have suffered from the crisis amidst the global COVID-19 pandemic. The airline industry has not been spared from the flaws of this particular pandemic, mainly from reducing the number of passengers (Serrano & Kazda, 2020). This has been due to government regulations to contain the spread of the virus among individuals. Emirates, as a company, has also suffered from the pandemic. How Data was Collected To examine the impacts of COVID-19 in the airline industry, data collection was a necessity to achieve the objectives that were set for this particular research. Data was collected using a survey and analyzed according to the responses. Primary data was directly obtained from the employees of Emirates Airlines which was administered online. Survey data questions were contained in the samples where 20
The success of any strategic intelligence is denoted by achievement of pre-established objectives in accordance with a country’s policies. However, neglect of strategic intelligence has far-reaching effects that are unfavorable to the expected outcomes of security operations. It is worth noting that the role of intelligence in any jurisdiction cannot be ignored owing to its critical nature. Honig (2007, 702) is quite categorical that strategic intelligence entails complicated analysis of all the prevailing factors that dictate the actual outcomes of different actions. As part of the holistic remedial measures, the author explores all the possibilities and methodologies available for a military group to emerge victorious when handling matters related to security. Intelligence is a major factor that should be considered by a nation whenever there is need to win the tactics of an enemy. Therefore, it is evident that any slight neglect of strategic intelligence presents numerous challenges towards effective management of security issues. Brief background and significance of the problem The demand to advance national intelligence and maintain the required security competence of a nation is very critical in anchoring holistic socio-economic growth and political development. Notably, the role of the US national intelligence community has been commendable over the years (Champion 2005, 1673). However, instances of neglect of strategic intelligence are continually creating security gaps across the nation. As a result, several tactical and military operations tend to take long before succeeding. Lillbacka (2013, 300) indicates that several years of war against terrorism and related threats are yet to be concluded. The latter has been occasioned by poor research in the assembling of intelligence information and vital data on security. According to Champion (2005, 1675), “the history of government involvement in intelligence matters can be traced to the early days of the Revolutionary War.” The above lapse has culminated into several questions regarding the role of strategic intelligence and effectiveness in gathering relevant data for managing security affairs. There is a lot of doubt whether the current approach is being employed to collect intelligence data. Is the neglect of strategic intelligence the main
Introduction Since the emergence of the term happiness in the times of Plato and Aristotle, the topic of happiness, its philosophical meaning, and its application to the real world became a case of many discussions. People use the term to express overall emotional conditions or deep inner feelings. Although historically, people defined happiness as the satisfaction of people’s needs, the term happiness includes a broader specter of meanings nowadays. This essay will explore common criteria that people apply to happiness and define two that suits the author’s personal understanding of happiness. Main body The most common misunderstanding regarding the meaning of the term is defined in the formulation of the term itself. The opposite term of being happy – unhappiness is rarely used and usually implies that something unfortunate happened to an individual. However, the term is not used as a description of the absence of happiness, which could only mean that most of the time, people are neither happy nor unhappy. In this case, the following question is, if the feeling of happiness rarely occurs in an individual’s life, how could he possibly know when he is feeling happy? An Individual’s perception of happiness also alters the case: some people connect the feeling of comfort to happiness; other people perceive happiness as a part of achieving personal goals. Although happiness could not be measured physically, the individual’s mood, level of comfort, and satisfaction of needs could be estimated through a number of questions. In an article by Roessler and Gloor (2021), the authors provide research results showing that measuring happiness regularly increases people’s happiness levels. The authors described the case as an example of the Heisenberg effect, in which the constant awareness implied changes in the participants’ behavior (Roessler & Gloor, 2021). Although all participants possessed different views on happiness, the results showed that 16% of the participants felt happier, and 26% became more active (Roessler & Gloor, 2021). It could be that the key to an individual’s personal happiness is his awareness of happiness. Conclusion In conclusion, there are two most important criteria for happiness: the individual’s life priorities and awareness of happiness. According to this criterion, happiness is individual for everyone, and the state of happiness could be improved and extended by an i
Currently, cancer is the cause of nearly 12 percent of deaths across the globe. The number is anticipated to increase to over 12 million people in 2030 (American Cancer Society , 2016). One of the diseases that have claimed the lives of very many women is cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is second in terms of incidence and mortality rate. The worldwide estimate for 2016 is 528000 incidences and 266000 deaths. However, the incidence rate has reduced by half in the last three decades owing to the extensive endorsement of the Papanicolaou test and the removal of precancerous cells (American Cancer Society , 2016). Nearly 90 percent of cervical cancer deaths occur in the least developed countries. Nonetheless, both prevalence and mortality rates exhibit considerable differences across the world (Reis, Beji, & Kilic, 2011). Studies show that cervical cancer incidence rate and mortality rate increase with age. In other words, aging women have a great risk of developing cervical cancer (American Cancer Society , 2016). This paper is aimed at exploring the nature and causes of cervical cancer. The paper also examines its diagnosis, as well as prevention and treatment. Nature and Cause of Cervical Cancer Cancer starts when cells in a section of the human body begin to grow uncontrollably and abnormally. The difference between cancer cells and normal cells is that cancer cells do not fade away. Also, these cells invade other tissues, something that never happens with normal cells (American Cancer Society , 2016). All cancers are named after their place of origin. Cervical cancer originates from the cells lining the cervix. To be specific, in the transformation zone. The transformation zone is where the cells lining the ectocervix (squamous cells) and endocervix (glandular cells) converge (American Cancer Society , 2016). These cells do not all of a sudden become cancerous. Rather, the ordinary cells of the cervix slowly create precancerous changes that transform into cancer. The classification of cervical cancers and cervical pre-cancers is based on how they appear under the microscope. The main categories of the disease include squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. The majority of cervical cancers (85% to 90%) are squamous cell carcinoma (American Cancer Society , 2016). The incidence rates of cervical cancer are pegged on certain risk factors. High cases of cervical cancer are attributed to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, particularly types 16 and 18. Other risk factors include smoking, aging, birth control pills, multiple pregnancies, and immune system deficiency (Arbyn et al., 2011). The human papillomavirus (HPV) are classified into high-risk categories and low-risk categories. The high-risk types include 16 and 18, while the low-risk types include 6, 44, 81, and CP6108 (Cancer.Net, 2016). Smoking is considerably associated with different types
Introduction Steam power and more specifically, the steam engine was the single most important factor that contributed most towards the changes of the Industrial Revolution. Steam power harnessed through steamboats, steam railways and steam furnaces have proved to be a cost-effective and efficient means of power. The steam railway engine changed the world by facilitating cheap and easy transportation of people and goods. How life was before Steam Engine Before the advent of the steam engine, roads of rails called Wagonways were being used in Germany as early as 1550. These roads were made up of wooden rails over which horse-drawn wagons or cars moved with greater ease than over rough roads. In 1776, wooden rails were replaced by iron rails and the carts had iron wheels. Wagonways evolved into Tramways and became popular throughout Europe. Steam Engines What is a steam engine? A steam engine is a machine that runs on steam power. It was during the Industrial Revolution that steam power replaced water power and muscle power as the primary source of power in use in industry. It was first used to pump water from mines. Steam power was not only used in engines but also in fu