ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Glinka’s Russian Romance Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka is a well-known composer whose works are often made on the basis of the texts written by outstanding poets. He is believed to be the first Russian composer who had an enormous influence on music, especially western genres. In addition to that, he created about 80 romances, among which is “I recall the wonderful moment” (also known as “I remember a wonderful moment”) written by Pushkin (Russian Art Song par. 1). This work is believed to be one of the most famous Glinka’s pieces. It is a great mix of poet’s and composer’s mastership that follows the composition of the poem and consists of three parts that depict three critical moments in the life of a character: the first meeting, the bitterness of parting with the lover, and the happiness of the next date. The melody follows these moods and impresses the listeners with its smoothness and grace. Analysis In Glinka’s piece, the melody that accompanies the last lines of each stanza are repeated. His music follows Pushkin’s idea to reveal a particular idea and emotion in them. What is more, it makes this feeling even more vivid due to the selection of background music. As a result, it is easier for the singer to deepen into the sense of the composition and not just to produce the notes. When the lyrical hero recollects s moment from this past, the piano sounds quite in a high register, which resembles a mirage. In the third verse, Glinka reflects the line, “The years flew quickly. The storm’s blast” with disturbing accompaniment so that concords resemble fast heart beating (Oxquarry Books 3.1). Gamut-like passages seem to be lightings. Thus, the sense of struggle and determination is transferred. As the poetry focuses on remoteness and gloomy isolation, Glinka also finds a great impressive solution. His accompaniment becomes chording with no tempestuous passages. It is ascetic and blue. As a result, the next part of the piece sounds rather contrasting because it sounds brightly and animatedly. The last line is very passionate, and it turns out to be emphatic in comparison to the very poem, which reveals the way the heart of the lyrical hero beats “with a rapture new” (Oxquarry Books 5.1). The romance is in the framework of the piano theme that is built on vocal melody. It ends with the elate coda, which does not leave any person indifferent. Reflection Glinka’s skill is so perfect in this romance because it belongs to his mature period of composing. His music made the poem even more beautiful and impressive. Revealing the emotion of the lyrical hero, a gentle melody with slight sadness turns into submission an
Introduction The purpose of this essay will be to determine the influence of individual work values on the commitment of an employee to an organization. This essay will seek to define the meaning of work values and also employee commitment and how work values influence the commitment of an employee to an organization. The type of organization that will be evaluated will be a multinational telecommunications corporation (Vodafone) that has a high number of employees and handles a large customer base. The essay will seek to determine the kind of organizational factors that exist within the multinational company that affect the work values and organizational commitment of the employees as well as the available structures of work values that are used in many multinational organizations around the world. The discussion will mostly involve the use of American literature and research work that is available for the last ten years which has offered extensive feedback on the topic. The focus on Vodafone will be suitable for this study given the diverse number of employees that work for the multinational company around its global offices. The company employs over 80,000 employees around the world who are from diverse ethnic backgrounds and possess individual work values that are necessary when it comes to their job performance. The study will therefore discuss the concepts of work values and employee commitment by focusing on the global telecommunications company so as to gain a more practical interaction of how work values influence or affect employee commitment to an organization. Work Values The concept of work values has continued to receive increasing interest amongst various scholars and researchers around the world, especially with regards to its influence on the individual commitment of an employee to their organization. To better understand the concept, work values are referred to as the set of traits or qualities that are considered to be important by an employee in the performance of their work duties and responsibilities. They are also defined as those qualities that employees within an organization desire to have when performing their work. Work values are viewed as measures of employee performance since they determine the efficiency and effectiveness of a worker when it comes to completing certain tasks within the organization. They also provide a measure of the work preferences, ethics, culture and beliefs of the employee, which prove to be beneficial when it comes to performing organizational tasks. Work values also provide a measure of personal need and satisfaction as they allow an employee to reflect upon
Introduction Project management has been practiced mainly in the engineering and construction sectors. This is mainly due to the fact that tasks in these sectors have to be organized in a systematic manner if they are to yield the required results. However, since the 1990’s, project management has gained prominence in other sectors as various firms execute their operations in forms of projects. As such, project management is no longer restricted to the creation of products but it has been used to facilitate business transformation as well as to business improvement during the implementation of strategies. The rapid rate at which project management is being applied in businesses is currently being referred to by business critics and commentators as the “the projectification of society” (Cicmil and Hodgson, 2006). As Hauc & Kovac (2000) reiterate, “Projectification in an organizational context has resulted in the apparent agreement that projects and project management are an efficient means of implementing organizational strategy.” This paper shall discus this statement by reviewing relevant literature pertaining to this topic. To this end, a brief discussion exploring the content, limitations and potential problems brought about by strategic alignment of projects shall be provided. Brief overview of project management The Project Management Institute (PMI) defines a project as a temporary work effort that has “a clear beginning and end that is intended to create a unique product or knowledge” (PMI, 2004). Projects vary in size and they may involve the effort of a single individual or even hundreds of people working as a team. Project management involves “application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques” so as to achieve the desired end-result (Cicmil et al, 2006). While small projects may be undertaken without necessarily applying project management, a significant project must involve project management. Experts agree that while good project management does not guarantee the success of a project, poor management invariably leads to a project’s failure. For this reason, the project management component is very essential for any sizable business project. Projects and strategies Strategies refer to the overall plans and procedures designed to execute a particular goal or objective. Cleland and Ireland (2006), state that projects mainly dwell on the equipments, tools and techniques. The project manager must come up with a strategy that lays out how the various aspects of the project work together to yield the expected results. The alignment of projects presents various opportunities and challenges. However, as Grant (2005) reiterates, the success or failure of any given project depends on the strategies formulated to facilitate in the implementation processes of each project. To this end, if an organization aligns its project in such a manner that the success of one project affects the others, there may be problems if cases of misappropriation of funds or failure to meet the
Goal The banking and finance industry in the Middle East and especially in Saudi Arabia still has not considered women as viable investment partners, a fact that has contributed to the inequalities that are inherent in the incomes of the different genders, (Madura, 2009). My goal is to start a non-profit organization that advocates for financial equality as well as advancing cheap finance to women in the Middle East who most of the time find it hard to access credit. The institution which will also have diversified investments is supposed to be solid enough to advance long-term as well as short-term loans to women. Current Education Bachelor’s degree in finance. Required Education   * Masters in Strategic Management.   * Ph.D. in Financial Engineering.   * Certification from the Certified Financial Analysts’ institute. Current Skills   * Knowledge of basic financial statements analysis.   * Excellent program management skills.   * Excellent leadership and delegation skills.   * Sufficient knowledge of business plan construction. Required Skills   * Advanced knowledge of strategic management.   * Advanced knowledge in Islamic finance and insurance systems.   * Advanced knowledge in portfolio management. Step 1: complete college and intern in an Islamic financial institution I’m currently concentrating on my studies with the sole aim of completing my bachelor’s degree on time. This requires a commitment to strict assignment and project submission dates, as well as preparing well for my exams for the remaining two years of college. Upon graduation, I plan to take up an internship since this should open the door for me to explore the job market and since I still have very few commitments, I feel that interning for six months in an Islamic financial institution will help me to not only break into the job market but also to gain my first experience of working in a financial institution, where I can put my education into practice. I will also learn firsthand the basic operations of an Islamic financial institution as well as get as much knowledge as possible from all the experienced professionals around me.   * Target Completion Date: October 2013. Step 2: complete the first CFA exam While still interning in a suitable organization, I plan to apply to the Certification from the certified financial analysts’ institute, which is an institute of the global association of investment professionals. Since this is quite a prestigious accreditation, it would boost my viability in the finance job market as well as boosting both my knowledge in finance and my analytical skills. Since I will still be working as an intern, I plan to apply online through the institute’s website as well as order
Introduction Aspiration is a medical condition that results from an accidental inhalation of food particles or fluids into the respiratory track. Inhalation of the stomach contents into the respiratory track causes infections in the lower respiratory track. A normal cough or lung cilia removes the foreign particles in a healthy person, and thus prevents infections (Butler, Stuart, Wilhelm, Rees, Williamson, & Kritchevsky, 2011). However, aspiration would occur in patients who are under acute care in rehabilitation units. A set of professionals attend to the patients and subject them to complex processes that aim at enhancing their quality of life. Patients suffering from chronic diseases are at a high risk of aspiration, thus they may have bacterial infections and chemical irritations in their lungs. Severe aspiration of gastric substances into the respiratory track is a serious condition that can cause fatal illnesses to the chronically ill patients. It is evident that patients at the rehabilitation units are at a high risk of respiration. This paper will give a reflective analysis of an aspiration incidence in a rehabilitation unit. It will give a literature review of the aspiration medical condition; provide an intervention, evaluative and resolution program for the medical condition. Assessment and analysis of an aspiration problem During a clinical rotation in the inpatient rehabilitation unit, I happened to witness a chronically ill patient suffering from a severe chock. This was because of the obstruction of the respiratory track, and the patient coughed and puffed out solid particles. I believe the condition resulted from chocking and obstruction of the airway. Despite the weakened body of the patient, the patient had an adaptive behavior because he tried to collaborate with the caregiver to sit at the right position to avoid more chocking. The caregiver, who was either a non-experienced medical practitioner or a nurse student panicked and was unsure of the next step to take. The caregiver held the patient at a 90 0 angle, which is not right. These weird happenings certified my judgment that something was not right in the inpatient rehabilitation unit. A non-experienced medical practitioner was attending to a patient whose risk of aspiration was not fully determined. Within not time, I witnessed the death of the patient. Planning/Literature Review The problem of aspiration has prevailed for a long time, where, the patients suffering from chronic conditions are at a high risk of having aspiration conditions. These patients need utmost care given their severe conditions, and that is why medical centers have chosen to have rehabilitation units within the hospital setup. These rehabilitation units help in maximizing the healing process. Patients diagnosed with acute medical conditions cannot eat, thus they use the feeding tubes to hydrate and feed the body. The feeding tubes are inserted through the nose or the stomach abdomen to reduce the risk of aspiration. Of the various forms of aspirations, aspiration pneumonia is the commonest.
The rapid convergence of technology over the last decade or so has, in broad yet subtle ways, changed the paradigm of radio broadcasting. Today, more than ever before, radio broadcasts are progressively more available not only from dedicated terrestrial platforms employing the traditional AM and FM bandwidth, but also from a multiplicity of satellite, cable and, indeed, wireless telecommunication platforms (Kozamernik & Mullane, 2005). Of importance to this essay is the fact that easy accessibility and faster penetration of the internet across geographical locations have given the radio medium a new lease of life by making it possible for radio broadcasters to reach a global audience. Through a critical examination of the concept of Internet Radio (IR), the current paper will seek to extrapolate how users of the medium can create and place content over the internet and how users can use the medium for learning or training purposes. Though similar in concept to portable AM or FM radios, IR is broadcasted over the internet and into a variety of multi-enabled computer devices. In other words, IR affords broadcasters the opportunity to transmit content directly to computers or other comparable devices via the internet (Andrews, 2000). While crediting the advent of the IR, Kozamernik & Mullane (2005) admit that dramatic shifts in radio technologies has changed the dynamics of the radio medium itself – the way it is produced, distributed, consumed, expedited and paid-for. In their own words, the authors further claims that “…radio has become more than just audio – it can now contain associated metadata, synchronized slide shows and even short video clips. Radio is not just a ‘linear’ flow emanating from an emission mast – audio files are now available on-demand or stored locally for time shifted playout” (p.1). As already mentioned, the core distribution mechanism for the IR is the internet and, as such, the medium has the capacity to reach a global audience using minimal set-up costs (Compaine & Smith, 2001). According to these authors, the above mentioned capabilities has led to an explosion of new radio stations, not mentioning that they have brought to the fore new methodologies to access existing radio stations using an allay of new facilities such as simulcasting, multicasting or unicasting using streaming technology. With IR, the audience has the capacity to expand its reach from just mere desktop computers to access programming anywhere and anytime they wish using other wireless devices (Andrews, 2000). Users can take advantage of the state-of-the-art streaming technology to cr
As in many pieces of literature which have been written by man, an entourage of minor characters accompanies most of the Candide and which have been known to be used as a way of assisting and, or even hampering his journey. Voltaire in his book Candide has used a number of minor characters in a way of expressing his personal ideas and criticisms of contemporary French society and politics (Voltaire, 2). In the work of literature, Voltaire’s complaints had been on the issues of French politics, the society, and culture which faced the country during the years of the early eighteenth century. One of the most outstanding minor characters to have been used by Voltaire is Martin in the epic in an attempt to make him the major spokesman of his own complaints which had been greatly faced within the French society during the time of his writing. In the epic, it is worth noting that Martin has been presented as an ‘old scholar’ of the modern time and whose understanding is purely philosophical and a bit of reflection of Voltaire’s own living opinions. Martin in the book has thus been drafted by his friend, Candide, towards coming to the finale and conclusion of his own adventures. This is seen clearly when he becomes Candide’s favorite companion during the time of Cacambo departure. Martin has thus been mostly presented and clearly able to represent Voltaire’s own personal opinions and sentiments which he found to have become a rot within the French society in particular. This has been necessarily not at all browning from Pangloss’ theory, either in its pure form or shape (Voltaire, 3). It is as well through the use of Martin’s words that Voltaire expresses these imbalances in the society and hence viewing the church and religious institutions as the only rightful approach which would have been adopted so as to make sure that all people were brought together in harmony and thus be able to address some of these problems. Such has ever since been presented by historians and philosophers as the exact opinions which Voltaire held and believed would effectively heal society. Although it will be agreed that the novel Candide had been a form of work which had been partially written in order to give entertainment to the people, it had also been a very important tool by the author to effectively satirize some of the views which had been held by peoples and philosophers of the time such as Leibniz. Voltaire thus used Martin and other minor characters in looking intently at the universe in particular and thus come up with the idea in which something quite significant could be done in order to address the
Abstract Obsessive compulsive disorder refers to a sickness where the patient demonstrates fear and emotions repetitively. In some cases, sufferers understand that their worries are unrealistic. Some of the signs of OCD include harboring negative thoughts and being hostile. In most cases, the problem starts when one is still infantile. There have not been apparent symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder. Some of the treatment methods used to cure OCD includes cognitive behavioral therapy, use of drugs and psychosurgery. Medical practitioners chose the appropriate method based on the nature of the problem. Doctors encourage people to eat a balanced diet since it helps in brain development and shuns cases of one suffering from mental problems. Additionally, parents are encouraged to monitor their children’s behavior and help them to face their worries and anxieties. Introduction Abramowitz describes obsessive compulsive disorder as “characterized by unreasonable thoughts and fears (obsessions) that lead you to do repetitive behaviors (compulsions)” (2009, p. 56). One can still exhibit fears or repetitive behavior and suffer from the disorder. At times, one can figure out that his fears or behaviors are unrealistic. The sad thing is that such a revelation only makes the matters worse. Eventually, one feels the urge to do gripping acts as a way to relieve anxiety. Some of the signs of this disorder include intense hoarding, excessive engagement in sexual activities, harboring vicious thoughts, and taking most of your time washing (Abramowitz, 2009). These behaviors are disturbing and may lead to the victim leading a solitary life. Besides, they compromise the psychological and emotional wellbeing of an individual. Obsessive compulsive disorder affects about 3% of the adults and children worldwide. Additionally, the disease affects both genders. At least 80% of the victims exhibit the signs of the disease before they are eighteen years old. A study conducted in Canada revealed that the disorder affects all people regardless of their race or religion. Nevertheless, the study showed that the majority of the correspondents who suffered from the disease were Judaism (Abramowitz, 2009). Obsessive Compulsive Disorder History In 16 th century, the Europeans believed “that people who experienced blasphemous, sexual, or other obsessive thoughts were possessed by the devil” (Berrios, 1985, p.168). Consequently, they used to perform rituals for people suffering from obsession as a way to get rid of the demons. Sigmund Freud links fanatical gripping behavior with insensible differences that manifest as signs. He gives an account of a medical record of a classic case that he calls “touching phobia” as beginning when one is still young (Berrios, 1985). He argues that children have a strong urge for touching everything they meet. With time, they develop mechanisms against the habit. Nevertheless, the mechanisms do not thrive in eliminating the urge to move things. Instead, they hold back the urge sending it to the subconscious mind (Berrios, 1985). The urge is reawakened when such a person is mentally disturbed. Obsessive compulsive di