ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Frankenstein possesses both positive and negative traits that help readers build his character. The main hero can be looked at from diverse perspectives; therefore, the creation of Frankenstein’s character can be seen as believable or even sympathetic. Due to his life difficulties, such as losing many of his family members or friends, Frankenstein is generally pitied by the majority of the audience. Later, the reader can understand that the main hero feels quite lonely and pays much attention to his research and studies to cover this inner loneliness caused by the loss of his beloved ones. Despite several inappropriate or sometimes immoral actions performed by Viktor Frankenstein, the readers have a tendency to consider his character quite sympathetic because of his traumatic past and lonely present. Additionally, the hero’s character is even taken for attractive because Frankenstein possesses several positive traits such as improving his mind by constant reading, observing the surrounding nature, and being interested in many research fields (Bowta & Puhulawa, 2018). Because of these habits, the character is quite believable and trustworthy as well. Viktor Frankenstein’s character can be considered a trope of warning, especially in several central situations in the novel. For instance, after creating his monster, the researcher simply escapes this creature and tries to hide because of the posed threat and a scary appearance (Bowta & Puhulawa, 2018). The situation in the novel does not end up well for the main character; hence, this situation can prove that running from someone’s fears, problems, and difficulties without fighting them did not prove to be effective. In addition, in the example of Frankenstein’s character, the researchers may see that not all inventions are really demanded by society and can bring more risks than profits. The monster had the ability to feel, think, understand, and even pronounce some words, which can be considered a type of artificial intelligence (Agustina et al., 2020). However, the invented creature turns out to be a threat to Frankenstein’s life which proves that people need to be careful when trying to substitute their loneliness or inner struggles with their artificial “friends’ ‘.
Introduction Colonization of other planets of the Solar system is a fundamental idea of most science fiction. Space colonization means making living possible for humans on other planets beyond the Earth. Numerous movies and books tell stories of courageous astronauts and not only, attempting to settle down and create a new life. Although it is only illustrated in media products, space colonization is not far from being realistic in our world. This topic is highly controversial in our society. Proponents of this idea suggest that human civilization needs to expand to another planet due to the shortage of natural resources on earth, and other planets would provide shelter in case of a global disaster. Opponents, on the other hand, are rather skeptical about the possibility of creating necessary conditions and appropriate infrastructure for human existence on other planets, because building colonies on other planets would require access to energy, life support, materials and radiation protection, and more. This essay will analyze depictions of space colonization inside and outside our solar system in science fiction movies and books, and compare them to reality regarding their feasibility. Mars Mars, also known as the Red Planet, the fourth in the distance from the Sun and the seventh-largest planet in the Solar System, is a favorite destination for colonization of science fiction authors, and the reasons are obvious. Thanks to the discoveries of NASA a lot of knowledge about Mars is available to people today. Mars is relatively close to Earth, which implies simplification of transportation, and there is a suitable atmosphere for human survival. It is much like the Earth in other aspects as well: Mars has seasons, volcanoes, and canyons, but it is rather rocky and cold (Dunford). Red Mars written by Kim Robinson is a famous classic of science fiction literature. The novel provides a very detailed description of Mars during its terraformation (Robinson 156). The colonization of Mars in this book is technologically and ideologically possible; however, it highly depends on the psychological state of protagonists and social conformity. In reality, Elon Musk, businessman and an inventor recently claimed to colonize Mars with his company. SpaceX is the only private company that was able to return a spacecraft from the low-earth orbit and to deliver cargo to and from the International Space Station (“About SpaceX”). It develops and manufactures reusable rockets, thus reducing the cost of access to space and encouraging the colonization of Mars and “multi planetary” life in the nearest future. Thus, the depiction of colonization of Mars in science fiction and real-life matches, as technological advancements in Astronautics are close to making colonization of Mars possible. Mercury Mercury, the closest planet to the sun and the smallest planet in our solar system, is also often depicted as a target for space colonization in science fiction. For exam
Exploring the meaning of “The Cask of Amontillado” Why is the insult that Montressor feels he has suffered at the hands of Fortunato? The insult set upon Montresor by Fortunato is never clearly revealed in The Cask of Amontillado. It seems to have been a personal affront that was delivered and at the time it was done, Montresor could not defend himself. But that was not to say that he did not want to avenge himself. Suffice to the personal insult by Fortunato could only be avenged by his death. Why does Montressor use the cask of wine to lure Fortunato into the crypt? Montresor uses the cask of wine to lure Fortunato to the crypt because Fortunato fancies himself a wine connoisseur. As such, he will take any opportunities to taste all wine vintages, wherever it may be located. The crypt where Fortunato was killed indicates the descent of Montresor into the madness of hell where he does not feel any remorse at all. His method of murder signifies what he knows of stone masonry, of which he is a member, instead of the Masons, which is a secret organization that Fortunato is a member of. Exploring the meaning of “Ligeia” The relationship between the narrator and Ligeia Ligeia’s relation to the narrator is the embodiment of Germanic Romanticism. Her existence is dark, heavy, shrouded in secrecy and mystery. He is attracted by her rare intellect, unusual beauty, and love of languages. The author has an opium addiction. As such, he is prone to delusions and hallucinations, It is quite possible that Ligea was simply that, a creation of his mind, since he could not present any solid evidence of her actual existence. The explanation of the story’s conclusion Lady Rowena is a woman born out of logic and nature. She thrives on learning as Ligea did, however, Rowena has a more lighthearted approach to life, which is the opposite of Ligea. Due to the darkness of her marriage, Lady Rowena’s spirit is killed. her husband has no interest in her and her surroundings are dark and sullen, the exact opposite of her personality. This drives her to her kind of madness and eventual physical death. Ligea does not truly come back from death. It is a mind trick played on the narrator by a combination of his opium use and slow descent into madness.
The genre of horror movies has been steadily gaining popularity among viewers ever since Alfred Hitchcock had defined the classical principles upon which this genre is based. However, given the fact that there were so many horror movies produced in recent times, critics often have a hard time, while distinguishing really scary movies from those that merely contain a pretense of scariness. It will not be an exaggeration to suggest that a good half of today’s “horror movies” do not really horrify viewers, as they were originally intended to, but simply make them feel grossed out. Apparently, many producers have a hard time understanding that the scenes of people being murdered in the most bizarre ways do not necessarily increase movies’ horrifying appeal. At the same time, the viewing of movies that are based on Steven King’s stories usually makes people turn away their faces from the screen on a continuous basis, while being consumed by sheer horror, even though that the scariest moments in these movies do not feature the rivers of blood, as it is the case with “Friday 13 th ”, for example. In his article “Elements of Scariness”, Mike Dellosso provides us with insight on what corresponds to the objective quality of horror movies: “So what makes a good horror story? One element of scariness is the unknown. Strange noises, eerie shadows, unexplained phenomena, mysterious happenings, unidentified sightings, and the like. Glimpses of the unknown build suspense… Another element of scariness is the anticipated. The unknown becomes a little more known and the imagination kicks in conjuring up scenarios and images that are best left in nightmares” (Dellosso,2007). We can only agree with the author. However, we can also mention another crucial element, within a context of “horrifying quality” – unnaturalness. The metaphysical horror is strongly linked to denial the laws of nature. This is because, to deny these laws, means to commit the gravest sin of all, which cannot possibly be “redeemed”. Apparently, Steven King is well aware of this fact, which is why his stories often feature pieces of furniture that can move on its own, animals that can talk, cars that can love or hate, etc. In this paper we will analyze two movies that many people refer to as being particularly horrifying, despite the fact that no maniacs with chainsaws can be found in them, namely “Blair witch project” and “What Lies Beneath”. The “Blair Witch Project” was released in 1999 and it instantly became a cult movie, even though it seemed like it had absolutely no chance to appeal to the wide range of viewers, being a low-budget film. It is a story of five students who decided to explore the myth of Blair Witch, which is being blamed by locals for the mysterious disappearances of children in Burkittsville, Maryland, over the course of two centuries. During the course of their expedition to Burkittsville Forest, which had the purpose of exploring different
Introduction Many scholars view the world wars witnessed in the 20 th century as agents of social change. This is because the wars supported egalitarianism in society where roles were distributed based on merit and expertise but not based on gender. The twentieth century period was an era of liberation to women since their rights were recognized in society. One scholar noted in 1942 that the achievements of women during the world wars would save them from being treated as homemakers, who were simply relegated to the domain of the home 1 . This paper will therefore try to relate the war, specifically the two world wars, to the position of women in society and social change. It can be observed that the war gave women some advantages in the international system as opposed to men. Women were allowed to join professions that were previously reserved for men due to one reason or another. The International System and the Role of Women The international system exists according to the Hobbestian state of nature. This is where only the strong states survive since life is short-lived, brutal and anarchic. In other words, there is no Leviathan in the international system. Women consider themselves weak because men use their physical strength to oppress them. Goldstein observes that women detest the postulations of the realist theory since the theory does not open the black box. Women believe that gender variations occur at an individual and group level. To feminists, the realist theory only considers the interaction of states but not units, which include women. Social change and communal awareness transpire mainly through scientific developments, class divergence, and political accomplishments. Every societal structure is situated within them and is exposed to the power of the state-class system, a local milieu, and a global system of nations and economies 2 . The world-system viewpoint perceive nations and state-run financial systems as located within a global capitalist nexus, with a distribution of labor equivalent to its elements, that is, the center, the margin, and the semi-periphery. 3 Consequently, no main social change takes place outside the global milieu. Therefore, to comprehend the positions and status of female members of society or adjustments to the structure of the family, for instance, it is essential to scrutinize the financial development and political transformation, which are influenced by local and universal developments. As it can be observed in various discussions concerning female’s employment, the structural factors related to class position, state lawful policy, developmental policy, and global market variations combine to configure the rapidity and tempo of women’s assimilation in the labor force and their access to financial capital. Some organizations and systems influence and are influenced by social changes in a Marxist-inspired world-system viewpoint. The organizations are entrenched within a class system, including the
Introduction With the advent of advanced forms of microbiological analysis, the observation of microorganisms has progressed considerably. Modern equipment makes it possible to observe the lifestyle of bacteria with real-time light microscopes; however, in the natural environment, most microbes are colorless. The lack of coloration may be convenient for observing the internal components, but on a broad scale is more of a limitation. Pigmented staining procedures for microorganisms using organic dyes have been used to solve this problem (Petersen and McLaughlin, 2021). Meanwhile, staining fulfills a simplifying function for better observation of organisms and covers the need for their identification: physiological features of different cells lead to inherently different staining results. Based on their known reference patterns and the accurate picture of stained microorganisms, the task of their classification identification becomes solvable. In this report, the framework of three staining procedures for several bacterial and spore lines, covering the differential needs of microbiological analysis, is explored in detail. Method Gram Staining The generally accepted technique for Gram staining consists of the sequential use of several dyes and the washing agent necessary to fix the color. A bacterial smear — B. megaterium and E. coli — was applied to a sterile labeled room temperature slide using a Bunsen burner loop. A few drops of crystal violet pigment (gentian violet) were added to the smear for 1-2 minutes, and after washing off the excess, 1-2 drops of Lugol’s iodine were added. 95% ethyl alcohol was applied to the bacterial smear in the next step for decolorization. Finally, safranin helped fix the new bacterial Gram pigment: all excess pigments were washed off with tap water. The bacterial preparation was prepared for microscopic observation. Spore Staining A drop of distilled water was placed on a sterile labeled slide using a Pasteur pipette. A B. megaterium colony was transferred to this drop using a sterile loop; the film was rapidly dried and fixed using a Bunsen burner. The bacterial culture was covered with a towel soaked in malachite green. The pigment was fixed by maintaining a steam bath over which a slide was placed for several minutes. The dyed towel was removed, and the excess unfastened pigment was washed off with running wate
Major challenges facing Regency Plaza In project management, Kris Hodgkins was aware of time of the essences. The major challenges that the Regency Plaza faced included scheduling. Apparently, due to the dwindling local economy, the sales of condominium were very slow and, consequently, the project was behind the schedule. In addition, due to the unpredicted slow sales and a weak economy, the project’s budget kept on changing. The number and frequency of changes that were happening as the project went on were a major challenge to the project manager. As a result, the cost of the project was increasing due to the changes caused by the cost of the estimation of the changes that took place. In project management, slight changes in the project may lead to a great cost. Major challenges facing Millers’ unit On the hand, the Millers were struggling to understand the high prices they had to pay for minor services in their condominium at the Regency Plaza. When purchasing the apartment, the closing date was fixed at 1 st of June, 2007. Due to the project’s slow pace, the Regency Plaza changed the closing date from 1 st of June to 1 st of August the same year. The Millers were skeptic about the company’s ability to finish the work by the deadline considering that for the last two months, very little had been done on the apartment. In addition to the scheduling challenge, the Millers were also facing a cost challenge. The Regency Plaza was increasingly over charging extra service offered. It was agreed that if a customer purchasing a unit in the plaza wanted some customized changes made, he or she was to bear the extra cost. However, the Millers found the extra charges by the Regency Plaza sales team to be exorbitant. For instance, they were concerned that the changes in a simple kitchen cabinet cost them $1000. The price for an additional two wall outlet was $500. The Millers had the same outlets made in their Manchester home and the cost was significantly lower. Clearly, overpricing and delays were the major challenges for the Millers. Root causes of Millers’ challenges The Miller’s apartment was meant to be a luxury one. However, the contractors seemed to be more preoccupied with the schedule, speed and efficiency of the project rather than its quality. The contractor was not concerned that the apartment was to last for years, therefore, it needed a lasting finishing. The delays and frustrations that the Millers faced were as a result of the long processes of getting quotes Solution to these challenges The Millers should have just bought the apartment as it was designed. Changing the design of the apartment to fit their needs was the main issue creating the loopholes for extra charges. In addition, if the Millers had not committed themselves in the purchase of the apartment with a down payment, it would have been easy for them to pull out. The agreement of purchase should have included the point regarding how the contractors would compensate the clients for delays and other eventualitie
Introduction This research paper presents argumentative evaluation of micro-credit in several developing countries. Micro-credit has improved its credibility, popularity and advocacy and has successfully brought economic development and several working opportunities to the poor people residing in the developing countries. The condition of micro-credit has developed in past twenty years, and is known to be one of the best effective tools to fight against poverty in the developing region. Micro-credit can be defined as the small and easy to pay-back loan provided to the poor to help him in becoming self-employed. Micro-credit is provided to the unemployed poor people who are not considered bankable or who are not eligible to borrow big loans from banks. These small loans are provided to them so that they could help themselves to do something productive. Many individuals are able to support their families and educate their children because of micro-credit loans. It has been an innovative and supportive aid for them and a part of the microfinance banking scheme, which was basically originated in Bangladesh. Wide range of services is provided to the poor through micro-credit and it has helped several jobless individuals to get involved in self-employed projects so that they could not be dependent on other sources, rather than their own strengths and power. It has also enabled many people to come up to the standard of small-scale business and has taken them out from the circle of poverty. Micro-credit has been very successful and has enhanced the condition of the banking sector. Many banks have started to give micro-credit to poor people while considering them pre-bankable loan borrowers or micro-entrepreneurs. Apart from that, many developing countries have also been provided with micro-credit in order to improve their financial conditions and to fight back against poverty successfully (Sachs, pp. 75-211). Micro-credit Analysis in the Developing Countries This section provides the overall analysis, study, research, evaluation and description of micro-credit in the developing countries. In the region of the developing countries, even 50 US dollars are considered reasonable to start a little fortune by the poorest people present there because with this amount of money, they can start something from the stretch as a little investment which could grow with the passage of time and could dig the out from the grounds of poverty. This can help in making their labor more productive because there are so many things which could be done in a day with this much of amount. For example, they can buy clothing materials and sew something to sell in the marketplace, they can buy thread in
In recent years, advances in information technology and the ‘digitalization’ of everyday activities has brought into the limelight a paradigm shift where huge amounts of personal data about people, their personally identifiable information, opinions, values, and attitudes are generated and stored in databases and data warehouses of service providers offering online services. The mere existence of these data pools has motivated Information Systems researchers and other mainstream commentators to explore information privacy issues due to the vast amount of personal information being collected, stored, transmitted and shared over the Internet. The present paper purposes of demonstrating that organizations should be given the leeway to police themselves with respect to providing access to such personal information, rather than having the government imposing blanket privacy legislation. Information privacy can be defined as the capacity and desire of people to control or have some influence over when, how, and to what extent their personally identifiable information is acquired and communicated to other individuals. From a business perspective, contemporary organizations are keen to exploit personal data for commercial gain by profiling customer information with the view to improving marketing of their products/services and retaining their customer base. Consequently, these companies must win the confidence of customers by demonstrating the benefits of information disclosure and availing assurances that disclosure of personal data is a low-risk proposition. To avoid risks to personal data, these companies must adopt fair information practices, privacy impact assessment programs, and stringent privacy policies. The pure market approach to personal information protection demonstrates that customers will always prefer to conduct business with organizations that have designed and implemented strong privacy policies and avoid organizations that have breached privacy. It should also be the primary function of the organization to provide adequate priv