ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Identifying Behaviors As it would be observed, there are specific types of behaviors associated with substance users or addicts and people suffering from various disorders or diseases. This paper identifies some of the varied behaviors that would be observed through a diversity of disorders and social problems affecting humans today. For the purpose of this subject, this paper has featured a number of topics through which the issue of behavior across various disorders and complications is examined. The key topics featured in this paper include depression in cancer patients, tourette’s disorder, opiate dependence in heroin users, control and coping of chronic insomnia, sex differences in recovery of PTSD patients, changing automatic behavior through self monitor, decision-making and perfectionism in OCD patients, and attention bias and memory bias for negative words used casually. Depression in Cancer Patients Cancer is a serious health problem which is characterized by uncontrolled growth or multiplication of abnormal cell tissues in the human body. This is arguably one of the most serious health problems that are known to trigger serious cases of depression among the global populations today, especially on the victims. Cancer is usually characterized with a prolonged and painful medical attention whereby surgery becomes a looming likelihood in all grounds. These, when coupled with the uncertainty of the disease and its unpleasant symptoms, would be serious issues that are likely to expose cancer patients to serious depressive disorders. Depressive disorders in cancer patients would normally occur as a result of immense stress. This may happen due to the thought of the traumatic disease and its many complexities (Trask, 2004). Some of the common stressors and emotional upheavals associated with victims of cancer include things such as the fear of death, changes in self-respect and body image, and sudden interruption of one’s life plans. In this case, features of depression in cancer patients would be simi
Every researcher is entitled to the professional responsibility of considering the ethical norms and codes of conduct pertaining hi/her field. Most agencies, which fund research insists for research proposals reviewing ethics, especially in the topics which involve human. All researches conducted on human topics are supposed to be up to the standard that is acceptable to agencies and regulating bodies. Within the ever-evolving societal context, ethics involving human topics have been developing day by day. The research paper will be deeply focusing on the two major components of ethics in human subjects researches (Buchanan, 2004). They include: selecting and achieving the required and acceptable final solution and use of the acceptable ways to reach those final solutions. It’s a fundamental principle of any researcher to maximize all the possible benefits from the research done and try to minimize all the harms and risks which may be associated with it. Both benefits and risks associated with the research should be fairly distributed, to ensure that not some individuals or groups benefit while others are left to bear the risks (Donnelly & William, 2006). There are ethical requirements that the researcher should consider so as to utilize the knowledge, skills, and experience of the participants. The researcher should ensure that there is the safety of the participant is achieved by taking into account both risks and benefits. The researcher is entitled to obtain informed ideas from all the participants which can either be done in writing or oral. On the other hand, the participant has the right to ask any relevant question to ensure his benefits and freedom from any risk. It’s the responsibility of the researcher to determine how privacy and confidentiality should be maintained as he/she is correcting the right information from the participant. The researcher should act sensitively as he protects the information collected from unauthorized observation (Eckstein, 2003). He should also decide whether the participants should be informed about any unforeseen findings which may be realized in the course of the research. Some participants may be willing to know while others may not be concerned but the final decision is in the hands of the researcher. While conducting research, there are several adverse events which the investigator should have a prior arrangemen
Introduction Appearing as a result of the recent technological breakthrough, innovative technologies have affected a range of domains, nursing being one of the areas that have benefitted from IT innovations to the greatest extent. The recent discoveries made in the realm of technology have contributed to the enhancement of communication and the quality of service delivery in the nursing setting significantly. The changes that technological advances have caused can be explained by a steep rise in the quality of communication between a nurse and a patient, which has reduced the number of misconceptions, misunderstandings, and medical errors made by nurses. In addition, the introduction of tools allowing a nurse to automatize certain processes, such as the control over patients’ vitals, has also led to a significant improvement. Advanced Technology in Nursing At present, several types of innovative technological devices are utilized for nursing purposes. The tools allowing for a massive rise in the quality of data management must be mentioned first. The tasks that they help perform run the gamut from nurse-to-patient communication to the management of patient’s personal data and analysis of their health records (Bradshaw, 2016). With the adoption of innovative devices, nurses can improve the data management process significantly by making it faster and reducing the chance of an error (Bradshaw, 2016). Similarly, the introduction of tools that allow for automatic control of patients’ health status has contributed to the development of opportunities for enhanced outpatient care (Bradshaw, 2016). Before the use of the specified technologies, preventing the instances of recidivism and monitoring patients after they leave the hospital setting was extraordinarily difficult. With the adoption of innovative technological tools, the identified task becomes easier, and, therefore, the chances for handling an unexpected health issue rise exponentially. Opportunities and Challenges Among the key changes that innovative technologies have brought into the realm of musing, improved communication can be deemed as the most important one. While being a seemingly minor adjustment of the existing situation, the creation of new options for a nurse-patient dialogue leads to a massive improvement in patient outcomes. The identified alterations are especially important in the context of the diverse modern community. Because of the need to address the needs of a vast range of people, a nurse must learn as much as possible about patient-specific backgrounds, the culture of the target demographic, unique factors that affect patients’ health, etc. the adoption of the latest technological tools serves as the means of learning more about different community members. As a result, a nurse can meet the needs of a vast number of patients even in case there is a significant gap between their ethnic or cultural
Introduction Wireless communication networks are experiencing an unprecedented growth in the business arena. Mobile commerce (m-commerce) refers to the direct and ancillary transactions that are carried out using wireless communication devices. There are various sociocultural, economic, technological and business factors that have influenced the development of m-commerce. Technological Factors The concept of m-commerce is highly dependent upon technological innovations and applications. Innovations in the cell phone industry, including the Smartphone have created a demand for mobile applications such as games, ringtones and document reading software. For instance, one of the reasons explaining the realization of m-commerce in Japan and certain sections of Europe is the early introduction of third generation technology which is a standard platform for wireless networking. 3G protocols sustain elevated rates of data flow that is vital for certain applications that require high bandwidth. Service-oriented architecture (SOA) has allowed different applications to communicate with each other efficiently. Integration between mobile applications and several sources and feeds in delivering value to clients is integral to the development of m-commerce. Technological trends such as cloud computing, SOA and other web services have also played an integral role in the development of mobile commerce. Social Factors The development and success of mobile commerce applications are extensively reliant on the cultural and social perspectives of target customers. One social factor to consider is subjective norm. A customer’s subjective norm is reliant on the individual perception of what certain significant social referents prefer. These referents determine the individual’s adoption of certain behavior. For instance, peers can directly or indirectly encourage a person to shop online or stream a movie. Subjective norm also shapes the ease a person experiences when encountering m-commerce applications. If a social group views certain mobile applications as difficult to manipulate, more of its members are likely to be reluctant to adopt the technology. Therefore, cultures that restrain or encourage the use of technology influence the development, adoption and success of m-commerce within those societies. Business Factors Strategic management requires that organizations tailor their business strategies according to technological advancements in order to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. This includes staying in touch with the changing trends in consumer behavior and engineering technological applications to attract and retain customers. The demand by consumers to obtain small, efficient and reliable wireless technology has driven businesses to come up with applications that match the lifestyles of consumers. Business-to-consumer (B2C) companies advance m-commerce as a platform that allow custo
Introduction SARS first broke out in November 2002 in Foshan, which is near Guangzhou, in the Chinese province of Guangdong. The virus made its way to other parts of the Pearl River Delta by February 2003. China’s Ministry of Health informed WHO in mid- February 2003 of the occurrence in Guangdong province of 305 cases of “atypical pneumonia” and reported that the spread of the illness was “under control.” (John, 2004) Local media reported the outbreak, and the news spread around the Pearl River Delta region through thousands of cell phone text messages. Hong Kong was alerted by the news that people across the border were stocking up on Chinese herbal medicines and boiling vinegar as a folk remedy to ward off the deadly unknown illness. Because the world was kept in the dark about the seriousness of the outbreak in Guangdong, Hong Kong was caught unprepared when SARS first appeared in the territory via an elderly medical doctor from Guangzhou who had been treating “atypical pneumonia” patients. (David, 2004) The doctor checked into room 911 of the Metropole Hong Kong Hotel on 21 February 2003 to attend a wedding reception, and he was admitted to a nearby hospital the next day. He informed the medical staff that he was highly infectious, and he was promptly isolated. He later died after infecting a nurse in the hospital. The Guangzhou doctor, during his 1-day stay at the hotel, infected at least 10 other guests staying on the same floor of the hotel. All these guests were overseas visitors except for a Hong Kong resident who was visiting the hotel. The infected visitors subsequently ignited outbreaks in Vietnam, Singapore, and Toronto, and the local resident (an airport worker) became the index patient at the Prince of Wales Hospital. The airport worker developed SARS symptoms on 24 February but did not seek treatment at the hospital until 4 March. He was admitted into Ward 8A, where he infected over 100 people, including patients, visitors, medical students, nurses, and doctors. Hospital emergency services had to be suspended temporarily. (David, 2004) In mid-March 2003, the Hong Kong public was told that the outbreak was confined to hospitals and was not spreading in the community. No isolation measures were adopted; for instance. Prince of Wales Hospital was not cordoned off. The authorities had to face reality when SARS broke out in a multistoried housing estate, Amoy Gardens. On 29 March, 22 of the 45 new SARS cases hospitalized in Hong Kong were residents of Amoy Gardens. On the following day, 36 of the 60 new patients admitted to the hospital with probable SARS were residents of Amoy Gardens, brin
The core aim of implementing teaching skills lies in the improvement of the performance of students. Linking theory to classroom practice allows a teacher to improve teaching and learning in the classroom (Department of Education and Training, 2000). Improving teaching and learning in literacy strand allows a learner to develop the skills to interpret and develop texts accurately, appropriately, with efficacy, and fluency (De La Paz, 2001). These skills enable students to learn in and out of the school environment while participating in life in general. Improving literacy skills assists students in creating all types of texts that encompass everyday language and experiences (De La Paz & Graham, 2002). Given that writing is one of the literacy skills, this research will explore various teaching and pedagogical approaches that link theory to classroom practices with the aim of improving students’ writing outcomes. To explore this, the research will dwell into the eight principles of an effective teacher in literacy skills, teacher-writing styles and the integration of writing, reading, listening, interaction, technology, and viewing skills. This paper recognizes that teachers need to improve students’ writing skills since they are essential in the development of the students’ literacy skills. The main aim of linking theory to practice is to assist students’ apply knowledge gained from basic reading skills to create written texts that are clear and have authority. The second reason for finding links between theory and practice is the realization that writing skills give the learner ability to direct their attention to grammatical features. It is fo
Introduction Arthritis NSW is an organization that dates back over 40 years ago. It was established to help people suffering from arthritis and other musculoskeletal health related issues. In the course of helping, the firm provides knowledge, support and services to different people suffering from the above issues in the society. Over its life, the company has been able to grow immensely by establishing more subsidiaries in different regions. Thus, the organization is involved in different activities that include provision of necessary support, increase community awareness, provision of professional health services to manage arthritis and conducting of seminars and workshops for community health professionals. Due to the nature of the company business, the firm has established many contacts with many people and organizations. Some people are served and never return back while other come back bringing with them more support for the organization. Following the mixed reactions of the stakeholders of the organization, this study seeks to establish the level of satisfaction of clients with the services and activities of the organization. The survey was conducted across different regions in while the firm operates and the clients were served with questionnaires while a few were interviewed. 200 people were surveyed hence forming the sample of the study. The research method used in the study was quantitative in nature. Data was analyzed using SPSS with the output being discussed in the subsequent sections. Reliability Analysis No regrets being involved with Arthritis NSW Corporation Item Statistics                                                                                                Mean    Std. Deviation  N   I have no regrets in being involved with Arthritis NSW  5.1500  1.35121         100 Q3b                                                     5.4600  1.34405         100 Q3c                                                     4.7200  1.49801         100 Reliability Statistics                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Cronbach’s Alpha                                        Cronbach’s Alpha Based on Standardized Items            N of Items                                                                                                                             .674                                                    .676                                                    3                                                                                                                                      Inter-Item Correlation Matrix
Rani Singam is a famous vocalist in Asia and one of the most respected jazz singers. Her first album which was recorded in Los Angeles with Jeremy Monteiro as the producer is found in many places in the US and Asia. According to the US Jazz Newsletter of 2008, the album scored 4|4. The recording of her second album entitled ‘Contentment’ took place in 2011 at Bennett studios in the US. The question that arises is whether this album is a new approach to jazz vocals. Definitely, it is an album that portrays her skills in song writing and the ability to compose original songs. This article reviews ‘Contentment’ which is the latest album to be performed by Rani Singam. The performance remained one of the greatest highlights of the singer and her fans. In her own words, Rani described contentment as one of the albums that was driven by her desire to become a singer. On 16 th November 2011, she held a performance at Esplanade Recital Studio which was aimed at promoting the album. The fans treated the concert like early Christmas for them. The show was attended by more than 160 fans including her son and husband. As Rani made her way to the stage, it was evident that the fans were filled with enthusiasm about her performance due to the anxiety they portrayed. They applauded and shouted jovially as she took the stage. On stage, she was accompanied by Chok Kerong playing piano, Christy Smith playing the bass, Greg Lyons on saxophone while the drums were played by Soh Wenming. She took a period of one hour and 15 minutes as she performed a set of 10 songs from her second album contentment. When she started the performance, she demonstrated her unique capabilities in music and performance by creating a compelling musical atmosphere. Her performance quickly convinced the audience that the music was her own composition. During the performance, she maintained an entertaining rhythm with each of the movements she made during the performance leaving the audience thrilled. She made the performance lively through constant physical movement on the stage as the audience clapped and cheered. In composing the lyrics in the new album, Rani portrayed great effort as she did while doing live performances. All the ten songs in the album were created with the support of her musical partners. Blended with classical sounds, the lyrics were quite simple but undoubtedly touching. Rani connected well with the audience through her stories in the songs and this created unforgettable memories of the performance in the minds of the fans. For instance the song ‘My Muse’ talked about her first crush in school while ‘Day Break’ was a story about her endearing memories in Switzerland. As the concert approached its end, it reached its highest point as the crowd applauded Ran’s performance and requested for more so
Social Support The first goal is to help families that are working to recover from substance abuse to develop social support in their efforts to change. Those who abuse substances have their social interaction mainly centered on using. The sources of social support and customary activities will be disrupted by making efforts to stop usage. The efforts by the clients to change may also be threatened. A better way of dealing with this is to enhance social support and recreation by helping clients and family members that are affected in devising events that are not associated with use of drugs. Drug-free activities may already be part of the clients’ agenda and counselors can find out from the families regarding the things they used to be actively involved in before they got engaged in substance abuse. In other cases, nearly every aspect of the client’s life is attributed to substance abuse, and for such situations, new activities are supposed to be devised (McCollum & Trepper, 2001, p. 111). Helping the clients get employment The other goals are: giving motivation to the clients to look for employment, teaching them how to ask for job interviews from potential employers with efficacy, and obtaining employment. Research shows that individuals who abuse substances are likely to quit their jobs compared to those who do not. These individuals also find it difficult to get jobs that are fulfilling and those that are in line with their treatment program. There are several steps to the fulfillment of these goals. First, there is an assessment to verify the interest of the client in getting a satisfactory job. If this is the case, the client is requested to explain how important the satisfying job will be while the MHP checklist has information that reinforces the significance of the job. It is normally important to implore the aspects of a career and its related benefits (Donohue & Allen, 2011). Another thing worth inquiring in meeting these goals is the contribution of the client towards making a dream job come to pass. This entails how to deal with hindrances that may hamper the attainment of a dream job. The purpose of these queries is to motivate the client to pursue a job opportunity client that have been referred for employment often lack. Another thing that clients are made aware of is that job getting helps them to effectively get ready for interviews. This also includes skills that are in line with being interviewed for the jobs. It is also vital to let the clients know that classified adverts contribute a small percentage of jobs and that besides using it they should also embrace telephone networking with their prospective employers. Moreover, “clients are told that job getting has been successful in achieving employment for others and they are asked to indicate how job getting would be helpful to them” (Donohue & Allen, 2011). Conclusion Designing goals for the intervention plan of a family with substance abuse requires a clear understanding of the clients. The first goal is social support. This ent