ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The San Andreas Fault is one of the most significant faults in the world. It separates two plates, the North American and the Pacific plate, from each other. It is noteworthy that it is exposed on land, which is not very common for a fault. It is around 1300 km long and more than 10 km wide. It is a complex zone which consists of crushed rock and lots of smaller faults. The rock is smashed and deformed, and this is why it is vulnerable to erosion as well as weathering. The fault got its name in 1906 (after the earthquake which took place in the area). Andrew Lawson named the fault for the lake which was then called San Andreas Lake. The history of its formation started about thirty million years ago. This time is called Oligocene time. It is necessary to note that the fault is quite new in geological terms as the Earth is more than four billions years old. The San Andreas Fault appeared when the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate moved towards each other. To be more exact, the North American Plate, which was moving westward, overrode the ridge between two other plates, the Farallon and the Pacific Plates. This process divided the Farallon Plate into smaller plates. Twenty million years ago, three tectonic plates started moving north and south. This triple junction led to some changes in the configuration of the plates as the North American Plate touched the Pacific Plate. This process resulted in the appearance of the San Andreas Fault. This motion also led to new styles of motion and deformations of the plates boundaries. The main section of the fault is only less than ten million years. It was formed during Miocene time. It was caused by another triple junction. This junction was called the northern Mendicino Triple Junction. It involved subduction of the Pacific, North American and Juan de Fuca Plates. It is necessary to note that the motion of the plates has had different vectors, and this complicated the process. The process has not stopped, and the plates are still moving (approximately 5 cm/yr). Sometimes this process can be associated with earthquakes and offsets. As has been mentioned above the earthquake of 1906 was a result of such motion. Apart from this earthquake, the motion of the plates and the fault are also associated with such earthquake as the Fort Tejon earthquake which took place in 1857. Its magnitude was about 8. The San Fernando earthquake is also tied to the fault. It took place in 1971, and its magnitude was more than 6. One of the branches of the San Andreas Fault is associated with the Long Beach earthquake which took place in 1923. There was also an earthquake which took place in 1989. Therefore, it is clear that the San Andreas Fault is still in a certain motion and can cause earthquakes. In conclusion, it is necessary to note that
Neoclassicism focuses on Greek and Roman dramatic imagery, nude heroic subjects, and realistic visual narrative. I chose Aurora and Cephalus (1811) by Pierre-Narcisse Guérin for this period because he was one of the brightest representatives of this era, and he is deservedly considered the legislator of various arts in Paris and beyond. The medium of a chosen painting is a canvas; given the chosen medium, the form of the subject is three-dimensional composition within two-dimensional medium. This artistic choice is common for neoclassicism; however, it does not convey depth and form as well as sculpture does. As a visual piece with a narrative historical content and clearly identifiable figures of Aurora (in ancient Greek mythology, the goddess of the morning dawn) and Cephalus (the Athenian prince) (The State Hermitage Museum, n.d.). The plot tells of the love of the gods for mortal people; the artist pictured the moment when Aurora saw a beautiful young man, Cephalus. Aurora fell in love with Cephalus and then drove the sleeping hunter in a chariot to the heavens. That is, the figures are representational rather than abstract and non-objective. The emphasis of the color, hue, and light makes the figure of Cephalus the focal point, while toning down the background and other characters help to avoid distraction of the audience with the use of subordination. Cephalus’s pose and mood resemble that of ancient statues at rest. At the same time, the work with its smooth manner of writing, decorativeness, and beautifulness is characterized by the theatrical effect (Ringbom, 1968). The style of this painting can be characterized by noble forms, which contributed greatly to keeping the balance. Meanwhile, geometrized composition achieved through proportion, balanced shape, and complementary colors in the palette brought unity of parts and stage effects. Interestingly, Neoclassicism arose as a reaction to frivolity and excessive ornamentation of the Baroque and Rococo styles (Ringbom, 1968). In painting, it reflected heroism during the ancient Romans and Greeks time. This era opened up with Louis XV, became more pronounced with the reign of Louis XVI, and went all the way down to the French Revolution.
Although there is a widely held opinion that the life of a human being cannot be valued, it should be pointed out this statement has always been a subject of heated debate, because some people believe that it can easily be estimated. The main purpose of this essay is to discuss this issue within the context of the maritime industry. Yet, before that, it is of crucial importance for us to analyze this problem from philosophical, ethical, and moral perspectives because they lay foundations for business ethics. It should be taken into consideration that the philosophical approach does not give any concise answer to this question. For instance, according to Utilitarian ethics, individual well-being may be sacrificed for the sake of general welfare, which subsequently means that under certain circumstances life may be sacrificed. As regards, the so-called Ethics of Care, which stems from the Christian tradition, we may say that it attaches primary importance to inter-dependence, thus we should value the lives of other people as well as our own. Yet such a principle proves to be inapplicable to economics, which seeks to measure everything in monetary equivalent. Even though economics attempts to describe any phenomenon in terms of numbers, certain qualitative data may not always be subjected to such procedure, This is one of the root causes why the values of life are so often underestimated. It is traditionally believed that religion or probably it would be better to say religious traditions are unanimous in interpreting these questions, nonetheless, it should be mentioned that even in this field of human activities there is no definite answer. Certainly, at the core of every religion lies the belief that life is invaluable because it is a gift from God, yet as it turns out even Gods
Introduction Although the overall prevalence rate for oral cancer has dramatically decreased in the last 30 years, it still presents a fundamental health issue due to low survival rates as well as extra social, health, and financial burdens associated with the disease (Meng, Duncan, Porter, Li, & Tomar, 2007). The prevention and early detection of oral cancer are of primary importance in reducing mortality and morbidity rates as the disease is extremely treatable if diagnosed at an early stage (Shepperd, Howell, & Logan, 2014). However, research shows that nearly two thirds of oral cancer cases are still diagnosed at late stages in the United States due to a multiplicity of factors, with the most common being failure to get an oral cancer screening from a professional dentist or physician, lack of awareness on oral cancer, and lack of visual self-examination of the mouth (Meng et al., 2007; Shepperd et al., 2014). This paper discusses the prevention and early detection of oral cancer through the prism of theory of planned behavior. Theory of Planned Behavior in Prevention and Early Detection of Oral Cancer Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior (TPB) can be used in explaining the intention of individuals to seek oral health services and in changing their behaviors through focused media campaigns. The theory states that “there are three determinants of intention to perform a behavior, namely attitude toward the behavior, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control” (Mak & Davis, 2014, p. 1502). Attitude toward the behavior concerns the degree or level to which an individual determines the behavior as favorable or unfavorable, while subjective norm concerns the perceived assessment of other individuals as supporting or not supporting the behavior. Perceived behavioral control concerns the perceived degree or level of difficulty in performing the behavior, while intention is described as the readiness or willingness to undertake a certain behavior (Mak & Davis, 2014). TPB can be used to explain help-seeking intention and behaviors that may be of primary importance in the prevention and early screening of oral cancer. When applied to seekin
Introduction By and large, classification of inmates is an important exercise of any prison system across the world. This paper looks at the purpose of classification in the prison system as well as how classification systems are used to place offenders. The discussion is centered on the State of Virginia. Purpose of Classification in the Prison System Similar to other states, classification of offenders in the prison systems is keenly observed in the State of Virginia. As pointed out by VDC (n.d.), classification is mainly carried out so as to ensure that offenders are placed in the right facilities based on the prevailing security concerns. To guarantee the effectiveness of the system, those in charge of managing prisons are expected to see to it that a number of key activities are undertaken. The said activities include determining possible release dates by means of time computation, having an elaborate system for retention and maintenance of important details about inmates, and constant assessment of the behavior displayed by prisoners. During classification, it is often deemed important to appraise the security level of all inmates in order to determine the level of control and therapy needed. Often, this is informed by the type of offense committed, the duration of the sentence, and the behavior exhibited by the inmates (Alarid & Reichel, 2008). Obviously, this is meant to ensure that every suspected offender receives fair treatment. According to CGL (n.d.), classification systems are very useful in curbing unwelcome incidences such as prison violence, escape, and misconduct. Effective classification is thus needed to create a safe operating environment in any prison across the world. In addition, an effective classification system also plays an important role in creating a forum where those who are responsible for prisons are able to work closely with courts and legal practitioners for the betterment of the state as well as offenders. How Classification Systems are Used to Place Offenders As earlier explained, classification systems are meant to help those taking care of prisons to direct offenders to appropriate facilities. As pointed out by CGL (n.d.), the classification process is quite elaborate and involves intake, examination, placement, and where necessary, reclassification. The classification system works as follows. The initial contact with the offender takes place immediately he or she is handed over to the State’s prison system from the jail. To ensure that nothing is overlooked, all receptions are examined, trailed, and properly programmed. The next step is to make sure that every inmate gets assigned a state identification number or inmate number. An inmate’s information as far as sentencing is concerned is then passed on to the courts and legal practitioners. The sentence information is then used to determine the release dates. Usually, time is computed so as
To write a good essay it is first required to provide for oneself the appropriate time and then consider the subject matter of the essay. Writing an essay is not as difficult as writing a research report, it is nevertheless a very demanding mission. The focus of the essay should be made in first planning it, then making a rough draft, and finally proofreading and editing it. The most crucial aspect of writing an essay and probably the most overpowering for most writers is making the plan for the essay. The plan must begin with proper research of the topic by utilizing sources such as the internet, libraries, and databases. Having compiled an exhaustive database, an analysis should be made of the arguments to be made in the essay. All claims must be well defined with proper evidence and reasons. All strengths must be highlighted while any logical weaknesses must be removed from the essay. When an essay is to be written the writer does have an idea about what is to be written but the problem arises with the organization of the ideas and with the decision-making process about what is to be focused upon in the essay. To make the essay meaningful one must brainstorm in getting clarity about the chosen topic. All phrases and keywords that can be related to the subject matter should be written down since each keyword can lead to further ideas in writing the essay. After the topic is finalized the writer should be able to answer basic questions in getting more information about the subject matter related to the chosen topic. By answering to himself the basic questions that came to his or her mind, the writer is very well placed in having good ideas about the creation of the thesis sentence for the essay. The main strength of the essay is the thesis statement since it meaningfully conveys what direction the essay is headed towards as also like the position that it is written about. Essentially the thesis statement should not be related to a broad topic but should specifically indicate the course of the essay. After the formulation of the thesis statement, it is required to devise a proper outline. This helps in ensuring that the essay is being written systematically in accordance with the requirement of the topic. The essay has to be stretched out before it is written by using the appropriate size of lines and sentences to form paragraphs. The structure of the argument should be mapped out and all paragraphs should be suitably unified. It is normally very difficult to write the initial draft of the essay since it has to be developed by making use of the thesis statement, summary, and points that one may have written beforehand. The paragraphs in the essay must be written in order of sequence as per the outline drawn initially. The introduction of the essay comprises the basic ideas and the thesis statement and they must be clear in giving the direction of the essay. The body of the essay gives details of a
Professional code of conduct as well as ethics is important in an individual’s way of live and work. This is of great importance to the world of technology that includes multimedia and information technology sectors. The Multimedia and IT field in the recent years have shown great improvement due to advancement in internet through the use of optical fibber that have led to social networks sites such as the twitter, Facebook, and the bloggers. In addition, the development of internet gadgets such as mobile phones, modems, laptops and the networking of computers have posed a great threat to the ethics of multimedia and IT. The increase in use of these sites and other IT related gadgets have brought the maintenance and integrity of ethics in the communication and media field to a threat. According to the media associations, the work of the media and IT is to inform people about the happenings of the world and a means of communication that would bring growth rather than disasters. However, the main objective of the communication and media field has changed as in the recent cases of the Arab countries. In Egypt, during the Anti-Mubarak protests, the protesters used the social networks to organize themselves, spread rumours, and keep each other informed of the progress of the protests Sharp (2011, p. 2). They used several forms of communication especially the use of social networks. Sharp (2011, p. 2) asserts that after the government realized the role of the media to the protests, they blocked all forms of media including the use of internet. In addition, in 2009 the social networks such as Facebook, Twitter, and bloggers and Yu tube played a great role in organization of protests to show their feelings after the result Kamalipour (2010, p. 62). Kamalipour (2010, p. 62) further asserts that this social media sites informed the world on the situation in Iran. Like in Egypt, the Iranian government responded by blocking the use of internet in Iran, especially the social network sites Kamalipour (2011, p. 62). The media was further used to send rumours of the situation on the grounds such as the magnitude of the people killed by the riot police as they tried to seek for sympathizers from the world Sharp (2011, p. 9). During these instances, the media generally focus only on one of the parties involved. For instance during the Egypt protests the major focus was on the killings of the protestors by the riot police. The media and communication ethic on public matter has been to preach peace and unity but in several instances, the media has caused political instability. Further, media has spread hate speeches and rumours either between political affiliates or between countries. Several nations have experienced political instabilities in the recent years due to the conflicting information passed through the media or through social networks. For instance in many countries after elections, tribal clashes are highly initiated by the tallying proceedings that are broadcaste
A simple definition of yoga will lead people to generalize it as a system of exercise and a kind of mindset that would result in the union of mind and body (Pappas 2). From the point of view of other observers, it is a series of actions that would harmonize mind, body, and breath. Regardless of how the world defines it, there is no disputing the fact that yoga is a global phenomenon (Gottfried 7). It must be made clear that the global success of yoga is partly due to the numerous celebrities that raved about its positive impact in their lives. However, it must be pointed out that sustained success would not have been possible if ordinary men and women simply studied yoga because Hollywood celebrities endorsed its positive effects. Aside from successful athletes and celebrities, ordinary people are talking about the curative power and tension-breaking benefits of yoga. In one testimonial, a very busy and often harassed healthcare professional was able to relax after she spent a few minutes behind closed doors and performed exercise that she learned in her yoga class. After years of experience and after numerous studies researchers and yoga practitioners alike were compelled to conclude that yoga is not only an exercise program but also a type of lifestyle that can help end anxiety and depression in people’s lives (Cabot 20). A closer examination of yoga’s breathing, exercise, and meditation techniques will reveal that it is a proven method to harmonize body and mind. Yoga helps body and mind to achieve rest and therefore prevent anxious thoughts and depression. Background Overview of Yoga An overview of yoga will reveal that it is a systematic way of harnessing the power of ancient techniques known to the ancient world such as meditation, relaxation, breathing, and physical exercises (Kappmeier & Ambrosini 17). Thus, these ideas are nothing new and for many centuries, people in the East utilized these various techniques. But yoga was the first to incorporate everything into one unified system. It is important to note that the term yoga came from the Sanskrit language and it means to join or integrate. In the case of yoga, the term integration refers to the union of body and mind. Yoga is seen as a type of exercise. Technically the series of movements or exercises are called yoga postures. Yoga practitioners are introduced to common yoga poses such as forward bends, lunges, back bends, and twists (Pappas 19). Yoga poses form an important component of this amazing mind and body enhancement program. Nevertheless, the second most important component is breathing. Yoga practitioners made the claim that the key to healthy living is the ability to inhale and exhale properly. The various breathing exercises are based on the idea that when a baby is born the infant demonstrates the capability to breathe correctly. However, as the child matures into an adult, he or she loses this ability and therefore b
Based on the analysis and exploration of the issues and challenges faced by Commonwealth Bank of Australia, some feasible recommendations have been suggested. The Commonwealth bank will be required to increase its interest rates on deposits to encourage a higher deposit rate by customers. As a result, the bank will increase the level of deposits and solve the problem associated with international market volatility. At the same time, the bank can increase its lending rates to deter customers from borrowing but instead prefer depositing. The bank can also shift its operations from products which have been slowly growing. For example, the back can explore other ways to increase deposit funding such as issuing covered bonds to raise money. This can aid commonwealth bank raise its financial deposits in the future. The bank can counter the future issue associated with regulatory framework by approaching the situation in a systematic way. For instance, the bank will be required to have compliance regulatory framework which complies with the new regulatory framework. In addition, the bank may increase its requirements for borrowing and investments on mortgage. It may also increase costs of compliance or alter its liquidity targets. Generally, Commonwealth bank requires strategically placed policies which meet the regulatory reforms. The policies which enable the bank align its mission and vision with the regulatory framework. Technological divide between the young and the old is a major challenge facing the company. Therefore, it is recommendable for the bank to adopt banking applications which are easily understood by the older generation. This will bring more customers on board and assist in increasing its customer clientele. This can be realized through massive awareness campaigns and incentives to new users. In addition, the bank can offer affordable and secure devices at affordable prices. Another possible idea is for the bank to collaborate with mobile service providers and other stakeholders in coming up with an innovative mobile banking and reduce the overall costs. Technological change in the Australian banking industry will affect Commonwealth bank as it will level the playing ground. So, for the company to increase its competition, it has to adopt the latest technology as part of vertical integration. This will enable the bank gain a competitive advantage over its competitors and new entrants. For example, the company can design new products which are technologically competitive such as mobile money transfer and online banking. As a result, the company will gain leverage in the competitive banking industry. The Commonwealth Bank of Australia will have to offer products and services which meet customers’ expectations and knowledge. By understanding the change in customer behaviours, needs and segments, Commonwealth bank will deliver products and services which fit to these demands and expectations. As a result, the bank will not be afraid to lose its custome