ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction In many parts of the world, a variety of edible wild or domesticated plants are exploited on a daily basis as rich sources of food and nutrition to the populations residing in these ecosystems (Aberoumand Nutritive Aspects 2020). These plants contain different nutritional and medicinal values, and hence the knowledge of their ingredients is of immense importance. The present paper utilizes five different plant ingredients to make a recipe that can provide a high nutritional value to pregnant and lactating mothers. Research is consistent that this group of the population requires high levels of potassium (1200 mg/day) and calcium (2000 mg/day). It also requires sodium (500 mg/day) and zinc (19 mg/day) (Aberoumand 150). The domesticated plants used to make the recipe include spider plants, spiny gourd, garden asparagus, piston, and coriander. Spider Plant The spider plant, which is also commonly referred to as the air plant or ribbon plant, is a flowering perennial herb known within the realms of science as Chlorophytum comosum . The plant’s fleshy tuberous roots, known botanically as rhizomes, form the main ingredient in the recipe as they are rich in carbohydrates, protein, calcium, and fiber (Aberoumand Nutritive Aspects 2021-2022; Bereu 463-464). The spider plant is known to have originated from Southern Africa. However, it has been exported to other tropical regions with forested river basins, mountainous landscapes, and thickets (Alisha, Shoaib and Hankumar 546-547; Van Jaarsveld par. 6). Spiny Gourd The spiny gourd or Kantola is a species of flowering plant known for its rich source of proteins, lipids, potassium, phosphorous, and iron. It is also rich in zinc, fiber, carbohydrate, and other trace elements (Aberoumand Nutritive Aspects 2022-2023). The available literature demonstrates that the spiny gourd is known scientifically as Momordica dioica (Aberoumand 148) and that the fruits of the plant contain high nutritional value (Aberoumand 151). This recipe uses the fruits of the plant known botanically as teasle gourds to achieve the high level of nutritional requirements needed by expectant and lactating mothers (“World Crops Database” par. 1). The plant species is native to the Indian subcontinent though it has become naturalized in China, Japan, Bangladesh, and other parts of Southeast Asia. Garden Asparagus The common name of this spring vegetable crop is garden asparagus while its scientific or botanical name is Asparagus Officinalis . Available literature demonstrates that the flowering, perennial plant species is native to most of Europe, Northern Africa, Southeast Asia, and Western Asia. However, it is being domesticated in many other regions of the world due to its high nutritional value (Eland 1). The edible part of the plant is the stem or the young asparagus shoots. These stems or shoots, which are botanically referred to as asparagus in reference to the Greek name for “stalk” or “shoot”, are “a good supplement for some nutrients such as protein, lipid, potassium, zinc, fiber and
Timeline 1: Works of the First Half of the 20 th Century Trends of the Period The first half of the 20 th century is called the Modernist Era. Being an important period in the history of graphic design, modernism had a number of important trends which made it one of the most interesting and influential periods. The following trends have to be mentioned:  1. Functionality: the vast majority of artists truly believe that the form of the work should be determined by function (Meggs and Purvis 238), this is why it was necessary to consider the space and its possible impact on the image.  2. Simplicity of fonts: people should get a chance to perceive information on a proper level, and the idea to search for simplicity became the best option to rely on (Arntson 46).  3. Loss of integral subject: Barnard defines it as the condition when “individuals are no longer consistent or in harmony with themselves rather they are presented as divided, riven by inner conflict” (113).  4. Montage: the idea to use the already created works and improve them by means of current technologies.  5. Illusion of paradox: it means beyond someone’s belief (Barnard 113); the technique that develops the sense of absurd in the artwork. The above-mentioned trends may be properly observed and understood in the works of famous designers and artists. Though the same criteria were set as well as the same technologies and material were offered, each creator made personal improvements to underline the uniqueness of his/her work. The works described below were created during the Modernist Era between 1908 and 1950. Works and Designers Bellows, George. Black House. 1924. Museum Quality: Oil Paintings Reproductions. 2011. Web. George Bellows was the representative of American realism. He was born in Ohio, still, the vast majority of his works were devoted to and created in New York. In spite of his talents in sports, his true love was art, and he found it necessary to develop his skills in art. His Black House is a perfect example of functionality trend. McNeil Whistler, James Abbott. The White Girl. Museum Quality: Oil Paintings Reproductions. 2011. Web. Whistler’s American roots made him one of the most famous British painters. His attempt to use the idea of simplicity provided people with a chance to accept the reality as it is without any other improvements. Steinlen, Theophile Alexandra. Chat sur un Fauteuil. Museum Quality: Oil Paintings Reproductions. 2011. Web. Steinlen is the French Art Nouveau painter w
The “Allegory of the Cave” is among Plato’s philosophical writings that are presented in the form of allegory. The definition of an allegory writing is given as “the type of writing having two levels of meanings: literary and allegorical meaning…where a literary meaning is the content or the subject matter and allegorical meaning is the symbolic or metaphorical suggestion “(BachelorandMaster.com, n.d, para 1). In Plato’s Allegory of the Cave, there is much darkness in the cave and only very little light can be found in this place and it is so hard for a person who is in the cave to see the objects around. In the cave, we have people, around which chains have been tied on their feet as well as their necks, making them unable to move freely. They are prisoners (Cohen, 2006). This cave forms one world and there is another world outside the cave and between the two, a tall wall has been erected. A large number of people move on the wall carrying various things and their shadows are cast in the cave. Those living in the cave are unable to fully raise up their heads to see clearly but are only able to see the shadows about which they hold a believe that they are real. However, as much as they believe that the shadows are real, this is just their own illusion (Cohen, 2006). On the other hand, in the outside world, there is adequate light and everything can be clearly seen by people who live their. In case one of the cave prisoners is let out of the cave and allowed to join the outer world, this person is unable to see even a single thing initially because his eyes are not used to the bright light. However, as time goes by, the person gradually gets used to the light and starts to identify all things in the outer world. Following this, the person comes to a realization that the cave world is not a real world and it is the outer world that is real. He gets to appreciate himself and the memories of those who live in the cave come to him. He becomes sympathetic and pitiful to those who live in the cave because he realizes that they are living in darkness. What comes to his mind is that is far much better to be under bondage while living in the outer world than being someone honored or a leader while living in the cave. Although this person does not have the willingness to return to the cave, in case this person is returned to the cave, he can not be able to count anything in the cave because the dazzling of his eyes increases even more. In case he makes some efforts to convince those living in the cave that the cave world is not real and the outer world is what is a real one; these people will have to take away his life because they are ignorant (Meyer, Scheibel, Munte-Goussar, Meisel and Schawe, 2007). The allegorical meaning is also attached to the “allegory of the cave” since a large number of symbolic ideas are employed in the writing. In symbolic terms, the
Urbanization is here to stay. It might slow down but stopping it is not something that will come any sooner. Discover more in this this pros and cons of urbanization essay. Introduction Urbanization is a process where people move from rural areas to urban areas to seek higher standards of living. People living in rural areas are faced with unpredictable weather conditions which affect their livelihood; therefore, these people move to cities to seek a better life. Contrary to rural areas, cities give these people opportunities to live a better life; there are industries, learning institutions, and social services which attract these people more (Andersen, 2002). As these people gain from these essential services, they also face problems caused by their increasing number; therefore, this paper will explore the advantages and disadvantages of urbanization. Advantages of Urbanization The cities are known to be efficient in that less effort is required to supply basic amenities, for example, electricity and fresh water. People who migrate to the cities enjoy these amenities, which are difficult to access in rural areas. The cities also make considerable use of space; there are a lot of flats which accommodate a lot of people in a small land area. There are also recycling programs which make use of waste material such as tins and waste papers; this
Hobbes and Rawls on Justice Justice often comes out as one of the central concepts in the exploration of moral ethics. Two of the ancient philosophers who paid attention to the concept of justice and considered justice as a definitive force in ethics were Thomas Hobbes and John Rawls. Hobbes looked at justice from the perspective of the behavior and nature of human beings, which constitute the actions by man that can be either classified as ethical or unethical, depending on how these actions are weighed ethically. At this point, it could be meaningful to assert that, “justice and injustice are none of the faculties neither of the body, nor mind. If they were, they might be in a man that were alone in the world, as well as his senses and passions. They are qualities that relate to men in society, not in solitude” (Hobbes 143). This assertion points at the interplay between and among issues of the law of nature and the pursuance of justice in the society. Based on the analogy of the existence of war in the society, Hobbes opined that human nature permits a man to wage war against another man, which in turn calls for a look at the reasons that are given by a man for waging war against another man. In doing so, it becomes easy to determine rightness and wrongness in actions of people, which is again a leeway as far as the determination of ethical grounds in actions is concerned. Rawls asserts that, “in justice as fairness the original position of equality corresponds to the state of nature in the traditional theory of the social contract” (381). Perhaps, it is imperative to observe that Rawls sees justice as something that can only be ascertained out of the consideration of all people in the society. The actions of people are considered moral or immoral based on the assessment of the consequences of such acts on the people engaged in the acts and the people who are affected by the acts. However, it is worth noting that Rawls presents another exciting view to the issue of justice by bringing into attention the critical concept of social contract. While social contract seeks to determine the course of justice by virtue of awarding statuses to people in the society through the categorization of people in classes. Rawls notes that the classes do not hold water when it comes to the true principles of justice. The rationale that supports the observation is that justice is distinct in its own sense and does not pay attention to the attributes of social course developed in the society. According to Hume (154), “truth is disputable; not taste: What exists in the nature of things is the standard of our judgment; what each man feels within himself is the standard of sentiment.” Here, Hume is quite articulate on the issue of morality in regard to the judgments and actions of people. It makes sense to observe that Hume is one of philosophers who looks at morality from the broad perspective; that is, looking at morality from the sense of sentimentalism and the sense of reason or rationality that is embedded in moral justice. In making distinctions on what constitutes moral rightness and w
Education is important in the modern world as it allows us to acquire hard and soft skills applicable in various areas of life. At the same time, not everyone has the opportunity to get an undergraduate or graduate degree due to their financial situation. The one thing that needs to be improved or changed in my city is the availability of student loans because this will allow everyone who wants to get an education to have the financial ability, and will serve as an impetus to increase the level of academic knowledge in the city and bring the opportunity for potential students to build further careers. In the United States of America, student loans are common throughout the country. They are second in popularity among loans taken in the United States (Mohr 341). However, there is a lack of balance, as in most large cities there are many opportunities for students to take the loans, while in small ones, sometimes they are completely absent. This is based on the expected paying capacity of the students when the loan is repaid (Carvajal and Popovici 162). In cities such as New York, salaries and existing career opportunities are better, which increases the chance of further earnings and full repayment of the loan. There are successful educational programs in Norfolk, and a number of articles discuss how universities can help students to develop skills and knowledge. Moreover, one of these articles says that the interaction of students and professors is useful not only for the students themselves but for the development of science and the educational system (Commodore 2). Due to this, the opportunity for students to apply to universities is important. At Norfolk, there is a lack of financial support for students. Therefore, in order to obtain an education, students need financial help from their families, or there is a need to work during their studies. This puts those willing to study from different families in an unequal learning environment and increases the social gap. An equal opportunity is needed for people from any social class to obtain higher education. Loans allow the students time to study and return the finances given out when they start working. This is an opportunity for those who want or need to learn certain directions and gain skills for further development. Moreover, it is important to allow talented students from disadvantaged backgrounds to devote themselves to academic pursuits fully. In certain areas, such as science, theoretical education plays an important role. For this, students should have the option to invest time only in education during their studies. Student loans allow students to study for as long as needed without concerns about funding. In addition, student loans have speci
Abstract Construction projects because of their exclusive characteristics are vulnerable and they are subjected to the influence of many external and internal factors. A large number of project participants because of their actions cause variations to the scope and design of the projects. In some cases natural causes also contribute to variation requests to construction projects. Variations have many adverse impacts on construction projects. The construction industry in the Sultanate of Oman is also subject to the influence of many factors, which are specific to the country. In this context, this research seeks to investigate the causes and impacts of variations in construction projects in Oman. The study apart from an extensive literature review, adopted a quantitative survey among engineers and construction management professionals working in public and private construction projects in Oman. Based on the review of the literature and the survey, the study concludes that lack of coordination among the parties and changes in specifications by the owners are the important factors leading to variations. The study also concludes that time overruns and cost escalations are the major impact of variations in construction projects. The survey findings indicate that terms of price an agreement on time are the factors that are considered by the contracting companies in Oman for finalizing the contracts. The research has provided few areas for further research and extension of knowledge in the field. Introduction Unscheduled changes in construction contracts cannot be ruled out and they often cause additional work than planned. Such extra works are likely to cause additional cost and time to complete the construction project. Understanding of the terms of the contract by the parties is bound to vary, which may give rise to changes in the scope of work. However, since the parties to the construction contract have diverse viewpoints chances for disputes to arise between owners, contractors and subcontractors are more. Moreover, in the present day’s context, because of the fact that construction schedules are compressed for faster completion, building activity starts even before the final design is completed (Chen & Hsu, 2007). This might lead to the following of inaccurate design. Because of the changes in the needs and preferences of the industry, changes in the employers’ needs from the contractors are inevitable. All these factors have led to significant increase in the change orders in construction projects, often leading to disputes among various parties involved in the project. It is to be accepted that owners and design professionals must have the liberty to provide change orders, so that appropriate changes can be made in the construction projects to suit particular needs of the employers. Any construction project is subject to change orders and change is defined t o include any modification in the original scope of the construction contract. Such changes may have significant implications on time, cost and quality of construction. If the
Abstract In order to ensure that their service provision and delivery is excellent, Shropshire fire and rescue services had come up with strategies that would promote this objective. Within their strategy, they focused on the needs of the service recipients through discussions and feedback systems. In addition, they ensured that cooperation between service recipients and other stake holders was reinforced. To achieve this, they worked closely with the police, youth organizations, churches et cetera. With a reliable leadership, Shropshire fire and rescue services are confident to achieve excellent quality services to their clients through implementation of the strategies mentioned within this paper. Another good thing about the strategy of Shropshire is that it puts the future in consideration. They have put up measures to ensure consistent improvement that would reflect the changes in the internal and external environment. After the government directives in their 2008/11 policy framework, Shropshire fire and rescue services included the policy of diversity within their strategy. They aimed at recruiting a diverse and skilled workforce that puts in consideration the community that would be receiving their services. This included minorities and gender differences. This, based on scholarly studies leads to augmentation of quality of service. Introduction For success in service delivery in any field, it is imperative that strategy programs are developed to give guidelines that would act as road marks upon which success can be measured. Likewise, fire and rescue services, in tandem to the spirit of cooperation with the entire government directive and the need to offer unrivalled safety and quality services, have embraced the marvel that is modern technology. These measures are itinerary to their main principle for existence; to have strategies of service provision to ensure that residents within their respective areas of operation are safe from all dangers. To further promote proper service provision, the government also plays an integral role by providing measures upon which the service providers have to refer when forming their own strategies and projections. On the other hand, changes in the environment (both internal and external) could lead to changes in the measures enacted. This paper will try to highlight the appropriateness of measures concerning fire and rescue services that were put up earlier in the United Kingdom and further analyze the appropriateness of the later version that was enacted in 2008. To facilitate this, Shropshire fire and rescue services will be used as the case study in the paper (“safer communities” 14). Like most fire and rescue service stations, Shropshire has, as its main objective, the need to ensure that people within the region live within reasonably safe environments. Shropshire fire and rescue service operates have a good
At a glance, Ibsen’s Doll’s House recounts a story about the place of women in society, as well as marriage stereotypes and norms accepted in the 19 th century. Further considerations of the text connotations, setting, characters description, and symbolism reveal the contrary beliefs. Certainly, the story focuses on the relationships between males and females and underlines the role of hierarchy, but these aspects fall into the background, since the central focus is made on the problem of deceitful appearances and concept of humanity. The main heroine, Nora Helmer is compared to a doll who is manipulated by all other characters, including her husband, dearest friends, and relatives. However, this pressure is not tolerable for human because each person has the right to self-expression and individualism. In this respect, Ibsen underscores the right of humans to freedom and independence from other decisions irrespective of gender affiliation, social positions, and accepted beliefs. All these aspects are explicitly revealed through describing setting, character development, and symbolism depicted in the play. In the play, the author creates the unity of setting so as to underscore the feeling that the main heroine Nora is the prisoner of her life. Thus, the setting for action remains the same throughout the play which frames the environment in a simple and conventional fashion. At the same time, the setting contributes to a sense of limits imposed by society and surrounding people, whereas its conventionality reveals the emphasis placed on respectability and image. While describing the setting, the author applies such words as “comfortably and tastefully” (Ibsen 7). Most importantly, the description of the Helmers’ apartment provides a standard vision of a 19 th century house where all requisites of traditional life are present. Aside from place characteristics embracing stereotypical visions of the house, there are typical time characteristics uncovering the norms and standards of social standards. Hence, the play represents within a short period of time, which also imposes certain limits on characters’ actions and development. Importantly, while describing the setting Ibsen applies to the parallel situations to highlight the central predicament of the main heroine. Judging from the description of furnishing and design, it is possible to judge about conventions of furniture layout, which corresponds to the accepted traditions. Once again, the setting provides the frames and restrictions enhancing the established conventions and norms within society.