ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Overview This essay examines the strategies adopted by Panera in growing its market share from a small firm to the current status it enjoys. Several strategies were implemented at Panera as outlined below:   * The best strategy implemented by Panera was through its product offering. The company offers high quality meals that are produced on order. Its product differentiation separates it from other fast food restaurants which offer low grade burgers and fries. Its restaurants offer fresh bread, soups and salads which resonate easily with the customers’ dietary needs (York 25).   * Panera owns several restaurants that are located in different strategic locations. Its restaurants’ location is an important strategy that ensures customers have easy access to these restaurants.   * Franchising was vital in the growth of Panera in the USA; this is because the franchised stores helped in selling the Panera brand. Moreover, the company focused on increasing transactions per store/restaurant. The company’s main focus was getting more money per customer instead of getting more customers.   * Panera invested a lot in offering in quality products and thus it changing itself as a high-end brand. The company’s products are pricey since the company believes in offering quality products at premium cost (Horovitz 1).   * Panera core strategy lies with its customers in relation to serving the customers’ needs. Panera offers fast service and high quality food which contributed to its high customer growth numbers. Evaluation & Control   * Panera made use of different marketing strategies to promote the restaurants’ growth. The strategies developed include advertising which was used in popularizing the restaurants. Panera focuses its marketing energies in meeting the customer’s needs with customer focused marketing tools (York 27).   * Panera also leveraged its evaluation and control on management information systems in the management of its restaurants. The management information system is used in mana
What are the ethical implications of an online persona that is radically removed from your real persona? Is it ethical to create an online persona that is inconsistent with the social or professional identities you have in real life? The short answer is no. Conscious misrepresentation of oneself in any way shape or form violates ethical standards of truth and moral constancy. However, the question requires an additional consideration: what harm does this ethical manhandling cause? For the purposes of this essay, let us accept that a fabricated online persona remains ethically unsound, as we consider the social harm this causes, namely, the perpetuation of crippling social stigmas, and the erosion of social trust. Freedom reigns online. Ordinary social constraints drop. As Professor John Suler explains, “the opportunity to be physically invisible” online frees participants to experiment socially, in what’s known in psychological discussions as the Disinhibition effect (Suler 1). “People don’t have to worry about how they look or…about how others look or sound in response to what they say. Seeing a frown, a shaking head, a sigh, a bored expression, and many other subtle and not so subtle signs of disapproval or indifference can inhibit what people are willing to express” (Suler 1). Not so online. Anonymity creates a distance and “a form of altered ethical sensitivity, wherein digital objects are not perceived as real objects and, at the moral level, people judge them differently” (Capri and Gorsky 58). The motivations to deceive online often stem from self-esteem issues (Capri and Gorsky 54). People whose authentic social identities limit or trap them often “play with their identity online” (Capri and Gorsky 58). Deceptions in these cases still fall under the purview of ethical violation, however, are they harmful? Is it not more ethically suspect to deny an “unpopular, overweight, non-athletic, and unattractive” man or woman the opportunity to live a more socially fulfilling life through an “avatar…more self confident and self-contained” than his or her real self? (Capri and Gorsky 54) The answer is no. The harm here roots much deeper than social ostracization. Online deception may offer a temporary means to escape social “loser” status, however, long term, it upholds th
The organization selected for analysis in the US Army. The structure of the organization depends upon and is influenced by strategy and size. In contrast to other organizations, the Army is based on strict discipline and control. The US Army has a team-based structure with a strict organizational hierarchy. Similar to other larger organizations, the US Army requires greater control over its operations and has a centralized and bureaucratic structure based on the span of control. In the Army, the power and authority are centralized based on formal relations and communication inside the group. In stable environments where change and interaction are at a minimum, a centralized organization can be more effective. However, there are specific situations when the military outperforms the functional units of the traditional hierarchically structured organization (The US Army Home Page. 2009). Following the Burke-Litwin Causal Model, the next step is to identify tasks and skills. Military do not need unique skills and knowledge but excellent physical training and knowledge of tactics and strategy. First, the military is effective as coordinating and integrating mechanisms, especially for complex tasks requiring specialized knowledge. Therefore, teams are used more effectively in a knowledge/service-based organization. The capacity to coordinate in a team environment is especially useful within a structured organizational environment where information tends to get held up in organizational channels—some military need knowledge in technology and psychics, medicine and chemistry, etc. Now more than ever, military commanders are turning to personal to accommodate new technologies and achieve creative, significant performance within their organization. The centerfold for creating, developing, and managing an innovative team is a clearly defined goal. The true measure of a team’s effectiveness is how successful it is in accomplishing the goal or purpose (More et al. 2008). The remarkable feature of the US Army is highly centralized decision0-making. Decision-making has a great impact on the Army’s development and successful operations. The five steps in the decision-making process are a statement of the problem, alternatives identification, evaluation of alternatives, decision stage, and implementation of the decision. Other management tasks include the use of consensus for decision-making in an organization. Centralized decision-making requires unity but not unanimity or concurrence. Centralized decision-making may or may not represent the majority. In the final analysis, the military agree to support the team decision even though members may still disagree with some aspects of it. Many times, consensus represents a compromise. Military personal must guard against compromising too soon and thereby failing to consider all the alternatives. The result may be groupthink, a form of peer pressure that causes individuals to withhold comments about a decision that they know is wrong. Other tasks include ensuring that the team is stay
Introduction The upcoming technological trends have a lot to offer since they eliminates repetitive tasks that are usually coupled with errors. There are numerous types of technologies, which can be introduced in any business sector with great impact. However, these systems require numerous maintenance practices once in a while so as to ensure their reliance on critical tasks. Hospitals, manufacturing sectors and others have been the major beneficiaries of these technological advances. The industry is quite promising since in the past few years, more initiatives have been released to the market and in regards to that, future systems will be required to do more complex procedures requiring critical reasoning. This paper explains how business sectors have benefited with the advances in technology when handling their various processes. Hospitals have also seen a reduction of errors upon introducing such systems and therefore, technology is the way forward for such sectors that want to reduce error rates in whatever processes they choose to undertake. Information Technology is the way forward for any business that wants to attain a competitive advantage and therefore managers, consultants, financial analysts are considering investing in IT as the best option. (Brynjolfsson &Yang 1996 p,200) For example, the analysts Solomon Brothers concluded that banks that were doing well in the mi
Check tampering is one of the common fraudulent activities that pose great challenges to financial institutions and businesses today. Criminals either in organized groups or independently deceive innocent victims who pay money to receive value by manipulating checks using the advancement in computer technology. The fraud is significantly through counterfeiting via desktop publishing and copying to facilitate for duplication of financial document as well as deletion of information using chemical methods to fit the details of the criminal. Apart from the final consumer, other victims that are affected by this form of fraud include businesses and financial institutions that issue and accept checks. According to Wells (2008, p. 121) in the book Principles of Fraud Examination, discusses Check to tamper in the 5 th Chapter and analyses the Case Study: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing. In this case study, Mellisa Robinson known to be a devoted wife, active and charitable giving her time and money to various community organizations, worked as the executive secretary of a worldwide charitable organization. Historically, Robinson through hard work in 1985 and dedicated time for the company was eventually rewarded with the position of the executive secretary. The worldwide charitable organization chapter in Nashville just like any other charitable entity engaged in fundraising activities during holiday seasons through the sale of candy bars and peanuts on street corners. The funds from the sales would be in cash but a significant amount would come in checks. The board of directors entrusted Robinson with the job of executive secretary assisted by a treasurer. Other employees such as David Mensel who was a certified fraud examiner and CPA worked alongside Robinson, but kept a keen eye on the secretary’s dealings (Wells, 2008, p. 121). Although the audit exposed that Robinson was guilty of stealing $60,800 in checks, she is suspected to have stolen more because the amount of currency that was channeled through her office was not accounted and recorded. Although the organization’s charter required an annual independent audit to be conducted, that was not possible during Robinson’s tenure as executive secretary due to the ‘lackadaisical’ nature of the board of directors. Once she was made executive secretary Robinson began pilfering money from the organization’s three accounts. She was able to avoid the double-standard signature required for each check by writing checks to herself while forging the second signature. Apart from writing herself checks, Robinson wrote checks to cash and the transaction would be recorded in the books as checked to a legitimate source, such as office supply store and hotels which were expected to appear in the ledger. For instance, checks that would be meant for hotels where club meetings were regularly held, the checks running up to four thousand dollars a month would later be discovered to have been post
Introduction Walt Whitman “is a poet, journalist, and essayist. He is one of the most influential American poets because of how he presents his poems” (Blake 12). He reflects the nature of America and American experiences in his poems in a very complicated, but beautiful way. His first collection is titled Leaves of Grass and up to now is part of America’s history. Whitman’s works portray the utmost patriotism for his country, and this is partly attributed to his parents who were also patriots. The parents admired their country so much that Walt’s younger brothers were named after American heroes. The heroes who they were named after include George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and Andrew Jackson. At “the age of three, Whitman and his family moved to New York City, which had at this time developed economically, hoping to get a better life there” (Blake 20). The plan did not work as expected and the family faced many challenges and, as a result, Whitman had to stop schooling at the tender age of eleven. He searched for a job at a printing business, and this marked the landmark of his writing career (Kennedy and Gioia 1). He started his “writing career at the tender age due to financial problems in his family, a blessing in disguise as some scholars put it” (Blake 10). At seventeen years, he became a mediocre teacher and started writing his observation in a book. This not only became the foundation of his writing, but also built up his work. Apart from his collection Leaves of Grass , he wrote yet another beautiful poem, To a Locomotive in Winter . Just like the first collection, this poem was received well by his audience, and it is being used in American literature classes as a case study (Kennedy and Gioia 2). Some critics have raised issues about this particular poem, some positive, while others are negative. This paper analyzes the poem, examining what literary critics have to say about it. I also give my opinions and recommendations with respect to the publication. To a Locomotive in Winter The poem is written using the Shakespearean English that is commonly referred to as the old English, whereby the poet uses words, such as “thee” and “thy” throughout the writing. When one reads the poem for the first time, it is not easy to comprehend the meaning, but the beauty of the words used is sufficient. The poem is about a train in winter, but it has been used symbolically to represent something else. In the poem, Whitman praises the train for the work it is doing, working diligently without fatigue and working no matter the time of the day and environmental condition. He personifies it to the extent that one might believe he is talking to a real person that he loves so much. The love for his subject is shown by the way he describes it to the extent that readers can actually draw a picture of the presentation. When analyzing this poem, it is quite clear that Whitman was talking about both his country America that he loved so much and himself. The considera
Introduction The tourism industry, especially farmers, is currently in need of finding ways to increase income. In particular, in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, when the number of inbound flights decreased by 90%, it is necessary to pay attention to domestic tourism (Department for Digital, Culture, Media & Sport, 2021, p. 4). VisitEngland (2021, p. 30) reports that among UK farms, 88% need transformation measures to increase capacity. In this regard, the exploratory mixed methods approach was chosen to study the possibilities of diversifying the activities of Sunrise Farm. Analyzing both qualitative and quantitative data will answer the research question: “What diversification opportunity would best meet the needs of Sunrise Farm and its current customers?” The approach involves collecting qualitative data through semi-structured interviews as well as collecting quantitative data through a questionnaire. Further, it is necessary to consistently analyze the data obtained, identifying the key needs of customers based on interviews and their comparison and supplementation with quantitative data. The result of the study emphasizes that Sunrise Farm needs to rethink its development plans and focus on agritourism. Research methods Guide to Methods The exploratory mixed methods approach was chosen for the research. The choice of the mixed type of data analysis is justified by the assumption that “neither a qualitative nor a quantitative analysis of networked tourism… are able, separately, to provide a meaningful outcome” (Mariani and Baggio, 2020, p. 19). Molina-Azorín and Font (2015) note that the use of a mixed approach provides the collection of quantitative data that are important when presenting research findings to officials or investors. The researchers emphasize that this technique is the most common and preferred for considering the travel industry (Khoo-Lattimore and Mura, 2017). The use of a blended approach provides a deeper analysis of the current industry trends, not only from the perspective of customer perception but also of statistical factors. Several issues regarding this approach affect the quality of the results obtained. In particular, Ivankova and Creswell (2006) note that there are difficulties in prioritizing the sequence of qualitative and quantitative data analysis. However, Mason and Augustyn (2010) identify that an exploratory qualitative study is an effective tool for building a research basis at the initial stage. Analysis of qualitative data and subsequent integration with analysis of quantitative data allows “discussing the outcomes of the whole study and drawing implications” (Ivankova and Creswell, 2006, p. 17). Th
Introduction Tourism can be defined as the travel for leisure, recreation or business reasons (Singh 13). Tourism has risen to become one of the most preferred leisure activities globally, for instance, in the year 2010 there were more than 900 million tourists travelling to different destinations across the globe. Tourism has been growing steadily due to globalization and improvement in technology. Rapid technological development in transport has facilitated the transport of large numbers of people to faraway places of their choice in a short time (Singh 20). Activities related to tourism provide a major source of revenue for several countries that offer unique tourist attractions. There are other ways in which tourism related activities impact the society. This paper seeks to conduct a cause and effect analysis of tourism. In particular, the paper will discuss why and how people engage in tourism, and the various positive and negative impacts of tourism. Reasons for engaging in tourism activities Many people touring different regions of the world or their own country often do it for pleasure. Change of scenery is a more preferred way of breaking from the monotonous lifestyles that people live. Most individuals prefer to travel to other areas where they can experience unique environments in terms of beautiful beaches, unique animals and culture. Countries that are endowed with tourist attractions have developed infrastructure and other support arrangements in order to attract more tourists. Therefore more tourists will often visit countries or regions that offer the best attractions. Many people also travel to explore the economic opportunities offered by different countries or regions. Such tourists are referred to as economic tourists though they may also explore tourist attractions in the areas they are visiting. Others travel to escape the harsh weather conditions in their home countries, for instance, those who travel to escape winter conditions mostly in the northern hemisphere countries. Effects of tourism The effects of tourism are many and varied. This includes effects on culture, economy of the host country, and the environmental impact. Tourism effects can be categorized into positive and negative effects, and also primary and secondary effects. This categorization is based on the nature of the effect and the stage at which the effect is felt. Economic effects The economic effect of tourism can be categorized as primary as it directly impacts the economic status of the local and regional area being toured. The local population benefits from the profit brought in by visiting tourists. However, the local community also spends a lot in the development and maintenance of tourism industry (Singh 5). A disadvantage to the local populace is that tourism encourages encroachment by moneyed multinational corporations that provide services to affluent tourists, effectively taking most of the revenues away. Effects on the environment Tourism related activities impact heavily on the environment. The impacts of tourism on the environments and ecosystems can be categorized as positive and negative. The negative environmental im
The chapter “Ahmet Atlan: My Country Has Not Imprisoned My Mind” narrates about Ahmet Altan, a dissident, and a future imprisoner that describes the morning of his arrest. The reader easily understands the main character was expecting the police to come as he had a bag of clothes prepared to leave. Six policemen entered the apartment asking for Altan’s brother’s location. The author called Mehmet and offered the officers some tea, joking that it was not a bribe. Same words Altan’s father said to the police arresting him forty-five years ago. Thinking about this moment, Ahmet describes it as a sign of no changes in the country as everything went back to “the dawn and the raid.” While policemen were searching his apartment, Altan was showing calmness and peacefulness. Afterward, policemen put him in the car, and the author compares himself with a dead person according to Anatolian mythology that understands he is dead hitting his head on the coffin lid. Similarly, Ahmet realized he was dead when he could not open the door of the car. While driving, the narrator reflects on his future life being fully controlled by others and one phrase changes his attitude to ongoing events. Refusing to take a cigarette from the policeman, Ahmet said: “I only smoke when I’m nervous.” The author explains his feelings about the phrase as a conflict between external look and internal feelings. The new reality hit Ahmed, and he was getting used to the new flow of circumstances being very calm from the outside. The reality is accepted by the author also because he sees the smile of his father, his vast knowledge of history, and what he taught him. Ahmet confirms that he fought the fears of reality, and calmly went to the prison cell. He described the road to it as gradually getting dark. Faces of prisoners were like wax masks, and their clothes reminded the shipwrecked pieces with no shape. Laying on the floor of the prison cell, Ahmet emphasizes that the reality was different for him. Policemen thought