ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction This paper will discuss more the relationship between the family members. This sociological approach will be in pursuit of several objectives. The first objective is to demonstrate the relationship of the family members and the surrounding people and how they coalesce among each other (Carl, 2005). This analysis will also highlight the different roles that I am supposed to play in the family to ensure its growth. The analysis will not include all the members of the family such as grandparents, cousins, grandchildren, workmates, and classmates since it is not a socio-gram. Discussion The personality of my stepmother My stepmother was a religious (Roman Catholic) woman and she used to wake up very early in the morning to say the morning prayers. She was the kind of person who couldn’t miss even a single church service. When we were young we used to accompany her to church every Sunday and she had also influenced my dad in the same. Her religious character was assumed to have come from her late father, who was a priest in Spain. Her religious character helped in the family setup since many of us are now staunch Christians except for my brothers, Philip Simons Junior and Jack Edwin who died at a very tender age. Due to her old age, my mother had become hot-tempered and she was usually moody. Although she was hot-tempered, my stepmother was always lovely and caring. We loved her very much. How I got along with my stepmother Being the oldest child in the family, even though adopted, I am regarded as a senior member of the family, and with this caliber, I got along very well with my mother until the day she died. When I was young, I used to run many errands for my stepmother and this created a good bond between us, thus making it comfortable for us to get along with each other. My relationship with my stepmother improved after I got married, this is because we bought a house near our home, therefore, making it easy for me to get closer to her. This closeness enhanced our relationship hence making me get along with my mother very well. I was generally able to cope with my stepmother apart from the fact that she always wanted me to do things for her as I used to do when I was young. She never considered that I was a full-grown woman. Ways in which I am like my stepmother Disparities of human physical appearance vary because of genetic diversity and environmental changes, many people take some genes from their parents. Moreover, physical differences or human looks can also be brought by race and cultural differences (Shore, 2006). I have a great feeling that most of my looks and manners come from my stepmother rather than my stepfather. In our family, I am the only child who behaves more like my deceased stepmother. My stepmother influenced me in many things such as my attitude towards people, my choice of clothes, and the type of friends I have. My emotional distinctiveness is more or less similar to
Introduction The purpose of this report is to examine present leadership approach or organizational behaviour aspects of the organizations, for instance, this report will consider leadership related issues and problem management process of Apple Inc, Ryanair, Tesco Plc and Samsung. Different Leadership Style Autocratic Leadership Style At present, most of the modern organizations would not like to follow this approach considering key characteristics of this approach; however, some features of this style are –   * Autocratic leadership is power-centred, which ignoring preferences of the other team members,   * It is one of the oldest and hardest approach;   * Men would like to follow more autocratic and directive style than women;   * However, leaders of the organisations enjoyed ultimate and unlimited power to take their decisions;   * Leaders implement of the plans without consulting with the employees;   * However, Leaders can provide rewards and penalties for the performance of the employees;   * The workforce have to strictly pursue the direction of the top management, but the higher authority would never take into account the feedback of the staff for the future development of the organisations;   * At the same time, the leaders think they have better understanding on the management system than the employees; Transformational Leadership Style Weihrich & Koontz (232) pointed out that transformational approach is an executive leadership, which incorporates social change to improve motivation, assurance and performance level of the employees; on the other hand, Robbins & Judge (367) stated that transformational leaders have a clear collective vision and most significantly, they manage to communicate it successfully to all staff. However, key features of this style are:   * However, leaders inspire the employees to be more innovative to achieve organizational goal;   * It can transform an employee’s self-interest for the good of the team;   * In addition, leaders trust their employees and give freedom and space to breathe and grow;   * However, the key purpose of this strategy is to boost organizational performance, increase customer satisfaction; Participative Leadership Style It is more applicable to the contemporary organisations as the leaders notify the workforce about their strategic plan and assess the feedback of the employees for decision-making and implementing strategies; however, key features of this style are –   * At the same time, leaders consider the feedback of the employees in case of stress management process;   * The managers would train and help the staff (particularly new workers) to balance their family and work life to develop job satisfaction rate and decrease staff turnover Situational Approach of Leadership Most of the modern day consultants, researchers
The concept of the time value of money refers to the financial principle noting that a fixed amount of money currently is worth more than the same amount of money in the future. This is explained through the presence of inflation and the earning capacity of money. Provided an interest rate can be earned on a certain monetary sum, this sum’s worth is greater the sooner it is received. The present money can begin to earn its interest as soon as it is received while receiving the same amount in the future does not allow the holder to capitalize on the money’s earning capacity (Rossolillo N., 2021). Consecutively, money received in the future indicates financial losses if compared with the same amount of money received at present. This principle lies behind the most frequent ways of designing and outlining investment and dividend options. Shareholders are faced with the choice of receiving smaller amounts of money immediately as opposed to larger ones in the future. The greater sum of a delayed return compensates for the loss of the dividend’s earning potential. By understanding the time value of money, one can understand the investment decisions, as well as the attractiveness of certain deals. The greater the interest rate provided on money, the greater is the incentive for the investors to attempt to secure it as soon as possible. The time value of money is an instrumental concept in economics as it provides a contextual framework for investments analysis. The formula attached to it allows the researcher to calculate the incentive of receiving the money in the short term by taking into account the size of the sum and the interest rate. Reference Rossolillo N. (2021). What Is the Time Value of Money (TVM)? The Motley Fool.
The aim of every organization is to expand its market and acquire new customers. The organization should ensure that it maintains the current customers as it acquires new customers. The more the customers the organization acquires the more the chances of making more sales, and at the same time making more profits and revenues (Jain 160). It is important to note that every business has a common objective, which is to make as much profits as it can. The marketing manager and the marketing executives should develop strategies that can be used to get more customers to buy the organization’s products and services. These executives should oversee tactical marketing campaigns that will be effective in gaining more new customers. Acquisition marketing is advantageous to the organization in a number of ways. However, it is also associated with some disadvantages. This essay will focus on acquisition marketing. The paper will give a detailed definition of this term and then explain the advantages and the disadvantages associated with acquisition marketing. Definition of acquisition marketing The term acquisition can simply be defined as the action of taking over something and making it yours. In the corporate world, a company can take over another company through a purchase deal or through any other deal that will change the ownership of the company being acquired and make the acquiring company the new owner (Jain 159). This is one way through which the company can grow and expand. The term can also be defined in terms of marketing. Acquisition marketing is the type of marketing where the organization markets its products to non-existing customers with the aim of making them or adding them to its consumer base. Acquisition marketing can also be referred to as ‘customer acquisition marketing’. In acquisition marketing, prospect customers are converted into new customers. The aim of this is to increase the consumer base and increase the chances of making higher sales, consequently increasing the level of sales for the organization. It is possible to get completely new customers, as well prospective ones to buy a company’s products. The significance of acquisition marketing varies depending on the specific business type carried out by the organization. Basically, the process of acquisition marketing is concerned with issues related to getting new customers to buy the organization’s products and services, and at the same time convert the prospective customers into new customers for the organization. The aim is to acquire as many customers as possible in order to increase the amount of sales. Several considerations have to be made when deciding to do acquisition marketing. Among the factors include: the marketers should analyse t
Introduction Evaluation of the performance of an institution, organization or even individuals is a very important exercise that ensures that optimum performance is maintained to achieve the highest and most productive goal. In so doing, there is a myriad of evaluation models which can be used to appraise the performance of any given entity. The key determining factor in the choice of an evaluation model is the type and nature of the parameter to be evaluated. These models can assist the evaluating team to know which methodologies to use when conducting a particular type of evaluation. It is therefore pertinent for any kind of evaluation to choose an appropriate kind of model to use to produce the most reliable results (Power, 1997). This paper explores the evaluation strategy which was used to conduct youth work with vulnerable young people. The outline of the evaluation carried out on this project is candidly discussed and critically examined in relevance to available evaluation theories and principles. The Outline and Evaluation Models used in “Evaluating Youth Work with Vulnerable Young People” Project For this evaluation to be deemed workable there is a need to assess its usefulness. This is one of the evaluation criteria models necessary when evaluating projects. Additionally, the evaluation will have to be independent to avoid any chances of bias in reporting. For instance, the project took one and half years before the final report could be produced for interpretation and application purposes. It had been sponsored by the Scottish Office Education and Industry Department. The project mainly aimed at investigating how effectiveness of the various tasks carried out by youth with special interest to the young generation. (Furlong et al, 1997). In carrying out this project, six unique regions were put into consideration. Each study categorically examined young people and how those who provide important services to them are affected by the vulnerability of the young people. Any evaluation carried out should avoid any kind subjection but rather pursue an objective approach of reporting. This calls for credibility as a desired evaluation model. In order to achieve this, it was imperative to underscore some of the changes which usually influence the tasks carried by the youth. Before carrying out the evaluation, it was noted that the situations surrounding young generation have greatly transformed over the recent past. Not all is the same bearing in mind the dynamic nature of the society. Therefore, whatever model of evaluation chosen, it is supposed to underpin these emerging changes (Mertens, 2005). It was much easier to predict the scope of youth work immediately after the war era, a situa
Introduction A political campaign refers to an organized effort that tries to influence the manner in which decisions are made in a group. Campaign messages usually have the information that a politician or a candidate would like to pass to the voters. For instance, a campaign message may describe policy issues. Such points normally act as a summary of the campaign agenda of the candidate. Advertising of campaigns is one of the mechanisms that are always used by candidates to inform people about their political manifesto. Campaign advertisements can be done through many ways. For example, they can use newspapers, television, and even radio advertisements. Political advertising enables politicians to address a wider audience. Hence, they can persuade many voters to support them. There has been a drastic change in the way political advertisements are done in U.S.A. For example, in 1948 Truman was happy for having greeted approximately half a million voters. He also covered over thirty thousand miles during his campaign period. In 1952, that trend of reaching voters changed when another presidential campaign took place. With the invention of television sets, political adverts started featuring on television commercial advertisements. Eisenhower Answers America In 1952, the first political campaign advertisement featured on television, and it was meant to reach Dwight D. Eisenhower’s supporters. “Eisenhower, created forty twenty-second television spot commercials entitled, Eisenhower Answers America”. In his advertisement, he talked about finding a solution to corruption, solving the Korean War, and he also informed his audience about how he would improve the economy. In this case, he reached his targeted audience without necessarily shaking their hands. This advertisement enabled him to convince American voters that democrats had over stayed in power since 1933, and they were no longer leading the nation properly. He managed to win overwhelmingly against Adlai Stevenson who was a democratic nominee. Kennedy –Nixon debate In 1960, there was another intensive presidential election campaign, in which John Kennedy managed to seriously defeat Nixon. John Kennedy also came up with close to two hundred advertisements. Two of his advertisements overpowered Nixon’s efforts. “The first one was an advertisement derived from a speech he had made in Houston. “In this case, he called for religious tolerance in response to criticisms that Catholicism was incompatible with a run for the Oval Office”. The second one was the remarkable Kennedy –Nixon debate. “John Kennedy was able to put Nixon on the defensive with his unexpected grasp of the facts, but Nixon held his own in responding to the Kennedy criticisms”. This debate reached approximately eight million viewers and it led to the success of Kennedy in the elections. The debate greatly impacted on Nixon’s Campaign profile which was initially bette
Literature should not exist for its own sake but should be a mirror through which the society looks at itself. It should therefore imitate the truth and portray it to the society for self-reflection. This is evident in George Orwell’s “Shooting an Elephant” and Lu Xun’s “The Real Story of Ah Q”. Shooting the Elephant is a real life reflection of the author’s experience as a police officer in India. It is about the shameless irony of imperialism spread by western governments, which subjects even its own to discrimination. The Real Story of Ah Q is a satirical piece that shows the irony of revolutionary movements. Whereas these two stories have similarities, they also have marked differences in form, style, and aim. This paper endeavors to highlight some similarities and differences especially in the aims and the writing style of these two authors. The aim of these two pieces is to portray societies as notorious for curtailing the freedom of individuals. Not only do communities prescribe rules that must be followed by all but also have expectations on certain individuals that are out of touch with reality. The main characters in these two stories find themselves in odd positions where their individual freedoms are subordinated under those of the community. Orwell was made to shoot the elephant against his will, while Ah Q had no right over his sir name and was mistreated by the locals (Orwell para 7: Hsun para 3, 5). There is also a well-developed attempt to portray imperialism in its negative light (Orwell para 3; Hsun 2). The two authors also use irony to great exte
Globalisation is a novel process in that it symbolises the quick integration that societies in the world are going through while creating new challenges whose solutions are crucial to the long-term survival of the planet. There has been an evolution of global threats that threaten security, stability and prosperity of the now tightly interconnected global systems. With increased international cooperation on almost all fronts, there is an increased likelihood of risk freely proliferating easily and undetected across borders. The flawed international system that is in place is increasingly unable to address the novel challenges that face globalisation. Thus, the crippled system is full of design faults that make it difficult for the system to confront challenges presented by the volatility of the contemporary world organization. In contemporary world politics, both national and global policy making is weak and fragmented and therefore unable to contain complex issues such as terrorism and economic crises leading to catastrophic global crises with far reaching political effects. Fortunately, the global order that has been set by globalisation is largely a product of political and economic orders that exists in the world today. Through forums such as the G7 and G20, globalisation is changeable. Given most globalisation trends are influenced by complex socio, economic and political dynamics, willingness of these dynamic’s sources is key to changing the course of globalisation. International Organisation and Institutions Contemporary world politics is shaped by international organizations that most of the time speak and advance the agenda of the countries they represent. The most dominant organizations today in contemporary world politics include both political and economic groupings such as the UN, EU, G7, AU, ASEAN, NAFTA and WTO whose hand in world politics is clearly visible. Besides, there are established institutions like the US, a sovereign nation, which is by far the most influential and most powerful of all world groupings. Faced with growing challenges, international organizations are constantly going through changes that help in mitigating international crises. For instance, some of these organizations like the EU, NATO and AU have established military wings meant to combat crises such as terrorism and narcotics trafficking. They have also set up powerful secretariats some with legislative councils to make laws on issues such as immigration, which apply across the member countries. Despite their role in combating global crises, these organizations have also been accused of creating the very problems they are meant to address. Failure by these organizations to act like in the case of UN’s failure in Rwanda, and establishment of toothless bodies within them has contributed to the start or escalation of some crises. In some cases, these bodies play a direct role in the start and escalation of crises for instance the war in Afghanistan that was started by the US and UK and supported by UN and NATO. Diplomacy and International Law Diplomacy and international law have always been the preferred mechanism to solve international crise
Introduction Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurological, behavioral, developmental disorder that originates in childhood and appears with symptoms such as hyperactivity, attention concentration difficulties, and poorly managed impulsivity. It bears mentioning that ADHD was initially described and diagnosed in the United States, where medication-based treatment for it has been developed and is still most actively used (Bergey, Filipe, Conrad, & Singh, 2018). Researchers note that “until the 1990s, the United States was the country with the largest prevalence of ADHD in the world” (Bergey et al., 2018, p. 9). This is the reason for the particular urgency and significance of the research regarding this disorder. The study is addressed the possible sociodemographic and cultural factors of ADHD that are positively related to its intensification and increasing prevalence. This paper describes the issue background, poses general and specific problems, indicates the purpose of the research, and provides an overview of the research questions. Background The following section will discuss the background on the impact of ADHD on child development. It should be noted that this disorder is primarily associated with children and their school behavior and academic underperformance. Holdaway, Serrano, and Owens (2017) provide data that virtually every tenth child between 4 and 17 years of age was diagnosed with this disorder at a certain stage of development (p. 113). Children at this age have particular difficulties in retaining and concentrating attention and in controlling behavior, and this stage is sensitive to the development of these abilities. The major adverse effect of ADHD is that the child’s nervous system cannot cope with the inhibition of impulsivity and hyperactivity of his attention and