ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Quality management tools and management is a systematic business approach applied in an organization. Quality management tools and techniques influence the relationship between the organization, her products and the customer. Adequate implementation of quality management tools improves the team spirit, skills, invention, and satisfaction of the goods, services and the customer. Competitive advantage guarantees the sustainability of a company’s product and this is made possible with quality management tools and technique (Bunney, 2010). The goal of the firm is to correlate successful business patterns that enhance productivity. Quality management technique involves managing the workforce to efficiency, while maintaining coordination and standards. Each employee must be trained by experts regularly to encourage job specialization. Regular training will empower, educate and sustain the entire staff towards problem solving and customer’s satisfaction. Each department in the organization is examined by experts, their loopholes are analyzed and economic solutions are implemented using quality management tools and technique. Thus, quality management tools and techniques bridge the gap between client’s satisfaction and the quality of the products and services (Bunney, 2010). Quality management tools and techniques must follow a set of principles for effective implementation. These principles include:  1. Management coordination: The pivot in accessing the quality of products and services of an organization rests with the management. Business executives stand between the success and failure of their investments.  2. Diagnosis: It involves data analyses and documentation. The organizational statement and previous approach are diagnosed for failures and inefficiency. This process will prepare the company for the next phase.  3. Client’s orientation: The major need for quality management hinges on customer’s satisfaction. Their existence determines the strength of the organization. The more the sales the higher the profit margin for the organization. Customer’s survey and feedback analyses are conducted regularly.  4. Staff orientation: Quality management seeks to reward productive staff and this principle motivates the employees to be accountable and efficient.  5. Organizational structure and consolidated improvement: The best management techniques will be based on the organizational structure of the firm. The structure determines how to place each tool during implementation. However, without continuous improvements the organization may not achieve their set goals. Thus, the company’s management must consolidate on the success of the management process for sustainability. Dnata is an airline organization and the largest in United Arab Emirates. Dnata airline conveys passengers globally and have a strong capital base. The organization handles cargo transport, passenger flights, inbound catering services and ground
Researching the problem of revolution in the colonies, the most significant contribution was made by Jerry Fresia, Winthrop D. Jordan, and Charles Johnson. The works describe the position of life which Africans had in America of eighteen century. There was a clear distinction between white men and Negroes. African settlers were distinguished as cheap labor. White men accounted themselves as governing class, claiming that only they could lead a country, enact legislation, enforce an ordinance and decide the questions of vital importance. The sources show that slavery was a part of the colonial economy. Slaveowners had fixed income from their slaves, and would not gain anything by the enactment of the law of Negros’ rights and freedoms. The books divulge the inevitability and necessity of the revolution in the colonies in 1775-1781 and call for equality of all people at any time. In eighteen century in America, the number of British colonies was rapidly growing. Crowds of people were removed from Africa to work for colonizers. Johnson depicts the process of transportation, ” Slaves were positioned with their heads between the legs of other slaves, where they were forced to suffered through urine, feces, and a lack of breathable air, almost no foo
Most people see dilemmas when handling matters concerning organ donation and transplantation. In a real sense, this issue can, and still sounds difficult if we don’t try to be realistic. Depending on our different cultural beliefs, many people oppose the idea of organ donation. However, some view organ donation as a heroic decision and socially acceptable activity based on the notion of helping to save a life. Such positive notions and beliefs about organ donation must be advanced to increase the number of those signing up for organ donation programs in Michigan and other states. The government has tried its best to help and boost organ donation through a number of initiatives, and people would be helpful if they considered the importance of organ donation and responded positively. In Michigan, people willing to donate organs can now freely do so by starting to give their names to the Michigan Organ Donor Registry (Department of State, 2008). Considering the huge number of people in need of different body organs today, and the many that are dying each day due to organ problems, a socially upright member of our society should not consider it a big issue to donate an organ to a recipient who is in danger of dying.I really consider it a life-saving process that everyone should also heed. Data is alarming on the number of organ recipients. According to the UNOS-United Network for Organs Sharing-research, every 16 minutes, a new name is added to the national transplant waiting list. The same source indicated that there were about 53,000 patients waiting for transplantation. That was by 1998. A huge number of Americans totaling 55,000 are awaiting organs recipient. In 1996 almost 1000 people died waiting liver transplantation in America and more than 9,800 are waiting it currently.This means that without having good hearted people willing to donate organs to the needing recipient there is a danger of loosing many people each year as a result of organic problems (Prange, 1998). Currently, Michigan is in dire need of volunteers who wish to save life by rendering their organs for donation. It’s actually important and very necessary to do anything to make sure that you help to have somebody survive death.According to our different religion backgrounds, we are taught the importance of life and that’s why I consider it important to help those in need of different organ problems, by rendering our parts to help them live. It is time people did away with the negative notions and questions posited against organ donating, and possibly consider it in a different perspective-such as if they were the recipient. When handling such issues like organ donation, many questions may arise in our mind, such as what would happen to our tender bodies after some of our organs are taken out? It’s actually a shock to many, but
Introduction When trade law was proposed after the World War II, it was considered as the latest agreement to be negotiated under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and was thus a new agreement having a pronounced effect on the global economy other than NAFTA. After getting approved from Bretton Woods Conference, GATT introduced trade as a means for recovering economy on a large scale. The main purpose behind negotiating the ITO was to acquire the initial tariff reductions. However the ITO failure in 1950 induced the idea of barriers reduction in international trade, thereby leaving behind the GATT agreement. The GATT agreement later took the form of a series of agreements which identified GATT as a treaty, not an organisation. In 1990s WTO get hold of GATT functions. The Uruguay Round is the eighth broad trade negotiation round under the sponsorship of the GATT, which is the most extensive step undertaken by the GATT system and possibly by any similar endeavour in history (Collins & Bosworth, 1994, p. 63). Thus GATT serve as the basic rules for following International trade in goods among WTO members by a series of additional agreements negotiated in successive rounds of GATT negotiations (Condon, 2002, p. 22). WTO when came into existence on 1 January 1995 declared charter entirely institutional and procedural and draw upon the GATT and its Uruguay Round resolutions in its Annexes for compliance. The WTO Agreement not being a mere replacement of the GATT under the Uruguay Round of GATT Trade negotiations introduced a mundane institutional framework in order to conduct various trade relations among its members 1 . According to Rao (2000), WTO not only presented GATT with a new form but also modified many of its birth defects (Rao, 2000, p. 75) 2 . Trade Policies and WTO Agreement – The Principles As of the early 1990s, a well-oiled GATT machine existed, allowing contracting parties to manage developments in the trading system, including a capacity for surveillance of trade policies and assisting conflict resolution through consultations, negotiations, mediation, and dispute settlement (Hoekman & Kostecki, 1995, p. 13). The GATT while regulating the use of trade policies by WTO members does not indicate about the concern that whether governments should use domestic policies or trade policies to achieve particular objectives. That means the efficiency issue is not addressed directly due to the premise that is set about inefficient instruments such as trade policy must be accepted, a
In 1998 former president Clinton spoke to the graduating class of the U.S. Naval Academy and he said that the security of the United States is threatened by a new breed of adversaries that has found a way to harass and terrorize America. Clinton said that they are international criminals and terrorists who cannot defeat us in traditional theaters of battle, but search instead for new ways to attack by exploiting new technologies and the world’s increasing openness” (Aldrich, p.1). He is talking about cyberspace and one of its unwanted by-product cyberterror and cybercrime. It is important for the general public to know more about it in order to pressure government officials to invest more to protect them from unscrupulous men. Cybercrime is the act of committing crime using the Internet as a tool to bypass security and increase its capability to cross borders and victimize people beyond the hacker’s country of origin. Cyberterror on the other hand is the use of the Internet to send malicious code in order to disrupt, contaminate and cause accidents in transportation hubs and at government utility facilities. The problem here is the commission of a crime without being physically present in the target area. The second major problem is the ability of criminals and terrorists to create havoc to countries like the United States, even if they are physically located thousands of miles away in another continent. Defense and Prevention The first line of defense must be international cooperation. It is useless to develop elaborate defense systems without the capability of catching criminals and terrorists that are developing their attacks outside the United States. The clamor reached a higher level when in October of 1998 Russian Foreign Minister Ivanov communicated to then General Secretary of the UN Kofi Annan and made it known that even Russia is felt what he called as the “increasing danger of information warfare” (Aldrich, p.4). International cooperation can be intensified by refining International laws concerning transnational crimes especially those related to cybercrime and cyberterror. There are at least two issues that have to be resolved in order to win in this battle. First, there is a need to develop laws and defense mechanisms that are effective but at the same time does not violate privacy of individuals (Committee on the Judiciary House of Representatives, p.36). Secondly, there is a need to be one step ahead of criminals. Experts are lamenting the fact that “In this dynamic threat environment, attackers are constantly ahead of defenders, and yet the PCI standards are updated only by unanimous consent every 2 years” (Committee on Homeland Security House of Representatives, p.1). Citizens of the United States must constantly pressure their government officials to make the war against cybercrime and cyberterror one of their priorities. Conclusi
Adult Development Early Adulthood Development of Young Adults It is possible to view developmental changes people undergo in early, middle, and late adulthood in terms of different theoretical paradigms. Some of these paradigms are concerned with the way individuals find their place in society. As regards young adults, Perry outlines positions within such domains as dualism (focus on authority) and multiplicity (independent thinking) (Love & Guthrie, 2011). It is necessary to note that dualism is associated with the earlier stages of development, but people transit to the next level at different ages. Some individuals may enter the stage of individual thinking in their late 20s. During the stage of dualism, people tend to focus on authority and take other people’s opinions without questioning them. The next stage, which is usually associated with young adulthood, multiplicity is the period when authority is questioned. People develop ideas that may contradict the accepted norms. People take the responsibility to make their own decisions. Perry’s theory is quite similar to Scharie’s approach as the latter also ties people’s development with the degree of responsibility. According to this theory, there are several stages including the achieving stage (young adults) as well as executive and responsible stages (people aged between 30 and 60) (Peterson, 2013). The difference between the two frameworks is apparent as Perry stresses that the stages are static, but the changes take place during the transition period. Whereas, Scharie believes that the changes take place gradually during the stages (Peterson, 2013). Both theories can be applied in psychological practice as clients often have difficulties when passing to another stage. Young adults may have difficulties when making decisions. The practitioner should help the client to adopt different ways to take up responsibilities. This can be associated with career choice as well as further career development. Environmental Factors It has been acknowledged that external factors affect people’s behavior and the choices they make. Holland’s theory of personality and Sternberg’s triangular theory of love try to explain the impact of these factors. These theories are best applied to early adulthood when intimacy patterns are mainly developed, and careers are chosen. Thus, Sternberg (1986) stresses that a combination of three components is essential for the development of true love. The three components include intimacy, passion, and commitment. Importantly, true love and lasting relationship occur if the three components are present. Holland states that people pertain to different personality types that shape their decisions related to their job choices (Nauta, 2010). These types include realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, and conventional. As for the similarities between the two paradigms, both theorists claim that gender plays a significant role in the process of personality development, especially during the young adulthood stage. Thus, as for the development of intimacy and love, women emphasize “intimacy and social penetration more” t
I would like to touch upon a vital topic that concerns each of us, especially women. I want to talk about the indifference to women’s problems on the part of those who have vowed to be the guardians of justice in our country. Recently, we have all witnessed the indifference of the Supreme Court to the violation of our fundamental human rights. I am talking about the “law, which prohibits abortions after roughly six weeks,” which was passed in Texas a few days ago (Liptak et al., 2021, para. 4). Such maleficent apathy poses a threat to all women, not just in Texas but all states. Similar harmful legislative acts could appear in other states as well. For example, the same law already exists in Oklahoma (Gonzalez & Wise, 2021). I want you all to stand up for women’s rights, for the civil rights of your sisters and mothers, and your rights before it is too late. The abortion ban in Texas is just the tip of the iceberg of the massive problem we are still suffering from. That issue is Trump’s legacy he left for us young Americans. He divided the nation, brought a pandemic to the country, got his favorites in the Supreme Court, and tried to undermine the legitimacy of the elections (Prasad, 2021). If we do not oppose the abortion ban now, we will never be able to heal the wounds that Trump has inflicted on America. Further inaction will only lead to more losses of rights and freedoms. Perhaps this is the most crucial test for our generation, and we must show that we have enough will to defend ourselves and others.
Executive Summary To address the issue of the lack of motivation, the case of C., an office worker, is explored through interviewing him and empathizing with him regarding his work situation from his perspective. C. can hardly imagine what could motivate him to work harder and with more inspiration at his current job. It is suggested that one of the main causes is poor corporate culture. Therefore, it is proposed to improve it through employee relations, and the first step is to demonstrate to employees that the company wants them to be motivated, which in itself shows that the company cares for its employees. This will help establish an environment where excitement with work is encouraged, which will contribute to motivation. Introduction The lack of motivation is a problem that can negatively affect both employees and the businesses for which they work. From entrepreneurial, communicational, and psychological perspectives, the lack of motivation is recognized as something more than a “side effect” of production, which is why it is suggested that businesses should pursue improving motivation in their employees. To propose recommendations, a particular case was explored through an interview with an office worker who found it more and more difficult to go to work. The proposed solution will be based on empathizing with the employee by trying to understand the nature and causes of his lack of motivation through his perspective. Problem Statement and Background The lack of motivation in employees has come to be recognized as an important issue in every sphere and industry due to the improving understanding of how businesses develop and succeed. First of all, the lack of motivation has been acknowledged as an issue and an obstacle to development rather than simply a side effect of production, which means that it needs to be addressed within certain frameworks. This changing understanding and the effort in addressing the issue of the lack of motivation in employees can be examined from three major perspectives: entrepreneurial, communicational, and psychological. From the entrepreneurial perspective, it has been observed in studies as well as in real-life business practice that a lack of motivation deteriorates performance (Uzonna, 2013). Motivation is thus seen as an instrument for entrepreneurs to utilize to improve their
An abortion is the termination of pregnancy with the help of medicinal drugs or surgical interventions before the birth of the fetus. People who support the anti-abortion views often explain their position using ethical or religious arguments, according to which abortions are the acts of violence against unborn children. Women’s right to have abortions, their opponents argue, is among basic human rights, and this is why access to safe procedures for the termination of pregnancy should be provided. According to the Roe v. Wade court decision in 1973, women can have abortions during the first twelve weeks after conception, and this right is guaranteed by the U. S. Constitution. In the second trimester, access to the procedure can be limited based on the state governments’ decision and pregnancy risk assessments (“Abortion,” 2018). Reference Abortion. (2018). In Opposing Viewpoints Online Collection . Detroit, MI: Gale. Web.
Abstract With the progressive advances in technology, incidences of cybercrimes are also on the rise. Preventing these cybercrimes requires organizations to develop knowledge that can help them form psychological profiles of the perpetuators of these crimes. This would subsequently help organizations install appropriate controls in order to effectively deal with cybercrimes. It is the lack of effective controls that accounts for most hacking incidences, as depicted by the case of Gary McKinnon who was able to gain unauthorized access to NASA and pentagon systems, deleting crucial data that grounded their operations. Introduction Cybercrimes are criminal activities that target computer and networks such as electronic hacking and denial of service. Cybercrimes have become increasingly rampant in today’s world, despite many advances that have been made in improving security systems (Turkle, 2000). The trend that is observed nowadays is that of a global hacking culture, which is often highly collaborative compared to what is considered to be the previous subculture. Hackers are generally regarded as anti-social technophiles whose core motive is mischief and malice. It is estimated that worldwide, hacking activities amount to more than $10 billion each year, while damages arising from these activities are in excess of $100 billion annually (Wall, 2008). Incidents of cybercrimes have also increased with the exponential growth in internet access across the world. Similarly, technical skills related to computing have increased, resulting into emergence of skilled programmers, some of whom engage in the development of malicious software and unauthorized intrusion into systems for various reasons. Just like other criminals, cybercriminals can be motivated by a number of reasons such as doing an espionage looking for military secrets, system vulnerabilities, and economic benefits or trying to reverse engineer their way into vital infrastructure (Wall, 2008). Other motivations may appear trivial, such as searching for passwords, system user identity, dates, and contacts, information that may often be used in unprecedented ways. Hacking may also take the form of hacktivism, an internet vigilantism that involves hacking systems to advance a political cause (Campbell & Kennedy, 2009). Motivations for hacking Hacking
Introduction Joint military exercises have been a common sight in East Asia since the 2nd world war. These have mainly pitted US-Japan joint military exercises on one side and Sino-Russian joint exercises on the other side. The exercises have been motivated by various events in East Asia generating near animosity between the participating countries. The controversy surrounding the intention of the exercises has been a center of concern for many political and military analysts across the globe many of whom have blamed the exercises for encouraging an arms race similar to the one witnessed during the cold war. Throughout history, the joint military drills seem to have been prompted by the rising suspicion between Russia and the US over diplomatic and military interests arising from their resource conflicts in East Asia. However, the participating powers have always masked their intentions behind claims of boosting their military preparedness against terrorism. The purpose of this paper is to argue that the joint military exercises are informed by the diplomatic tensions between the participants, political events in the East Asian countries, and the scramble for the influence of the East Asian countries. The purpose of the Sino-Russian military exercise The first joint military exercise between the two countries was held in 2005 (Quanyi, 2009). According to the two countries the exercise was meant to boost the counter-terrorism campaign. Since then three other bilateral peace mission maneuvers (as they have been dubbed) have been carried out. These have invo