ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Despite the growing popularity of social media and the increase in its usage among various populations, the effects and causes of the heavy engagement with social media have not been widely studied. Our research is based on examining the relationship between the fear of missing out and social media usage. As a result of previous literature review, two main hypotheses were outlined, each one relating to a different aspect of FoMO and social media engagement. The first hypothesis, for instance, is that the greater the number of social media platforms used regularly, the higher the level of FoMO a person will experience. This idea is mainly based on the increasing number of social media sites and platforms available to users all over the world. As noted by Hughes, Rowe, Batey, and Lee (2012), “All social networking sites facilitate online, social interaction, yet they do not all offer the exact same services or have the same focus” (p. 561). Indeed, there is a wide variety of social platforms today that compete for users by providing unique experiences and allowing to share different information. For instance, Twitter enables users to share short opinions and stories, whereas Facebook allows creating groups to interact with people who have similar interests. Instagram offers users to share photos and videos, whereas Periscope offers a service for long live streams. The act of sharing information, thus, becomes a multi-dimensional process where the choice of media platform depends on the type of information to be shared. Thus, a person who uses an entire variety of social media platforms each day will ultimately see more activities that others engage in than a person who only uses one social media site. Fear of missing out (FoMO) refers to the individual’s anxiety related to missing out on experiences that others are having (Hetz, Dawson, & Cullen, 2015). Therefore, it is possible to assume that seeing more aspects of other people’s lives will lead to a higher level of FoMO, as it will mean seeing more missed experiences and communication opportunities. The second hypothesis, on the other hand, is that the lower the proportion of their social media contacts that individuals have met in person, the lower the level of FoMO those individuals will experience. FoMO is a social term and, according to most of the definitions, it refers to the experiences that the person’s real-life friends are having. Moreover, social media sites are primarily driven by the desire to maintain a close connection to friends and family members (Alt 2015). One of the studies that can be used
A nanogenerator is a device that utilizes the semiconducting and piezoelectric properties of zinc oxide nanowires. These piezoelectric nanowires are used in the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy (Yang et al. pg 1). The nanogenerator produces an electric flow that is continuous from ultrasonic waves. The electric flow that a single nanowire produces can even go up to four watts per centimeter (MLO pg 1). A nanogenerator benefits from the semiconducting and piezoelectric characteristics of zinc oxide nanostructures which are able to produce micro electric charges when the nanostructures are flexed. The piezoelectric property of zinc oxide transforms the mechanical strain to polarization charges that create a piezoelectric potential. The electrode-nanowire interface has a schottky barrier that directs the electron flow using the piezoelectric potential influence (Yang et al. pg 1). The design of the nanogenerator was formulated to tap energy from environmental sources which include mechanical vibrations, blood flow and ultrasonic waves. Several approaches aimed at demonstrating nanogenerators have been presented, with the most popular being single wire generator (SWG). This SWG is made up of single zinc nanowires with its ends attached to metal contacts. The zinc nanowires lie on a substrate that is flexible (MLO pg 1). In the context of this essay zinc oxide is used in nanogenerator which acts as a transducer in the conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy. Global use of zinc oxide exceeds 1.2 million tons every year. Other uses of zinc oxide include its use in rubber manufacturing to increase the elasticity and strength of rubber. Zinc oxide is also used in concrete manufacturing, anti-corrosive coatings, and cigarette filters. Pharmaceutical uses of zinc oxide include treatment of irritation and minor burns. Zinc oxide is also of great importance in the manufacture of sunscreen lotion because of its ability to absorb ultraviolet radiation thus eliminating the damages caused by the UV radiation as well as acting as a skin protector from sunburns. According to research conducted to observe exposure related behaviors in humans, it concluded that zinc oxide was not a skin irritant (Occupational Safety & Health Administration para 3). Human exposure to zinc oxide can occur in various ways, most commonly through inhalation, ingestion, eye or skin contact. Certain operations involve zinc oxide and thus may lead to those conducting the operations to be
Introduction Business organizations need to follow established ethical principles if they are to achieve their goals and meet the demands of all key stakeholders. Moral questions and inappropriate practices might affect the overall performance and image of the affected company. When ethical questions arise, leaders should apply the best strategies to address them and maximize the confidence of all business partners. This discussion offers a detailed analysis of the ethical issues arising from Boeing’s crisis. External Unethical Situation In 2018 and 2019, two crashes involving the 737 MAX aircraft forced airlines across the globe to ground their fleet. This crisis exposed the ineffective organizational culture at Boeing. Experts revealed that the flight control system intended to prevent the aircraft from stalling had serious flaws (Lopatto & O’Kane, 2020). The company introduced the software to keep pace with the increasing level of competition from Airbus. The corporation was being insincere regarding the nature of this new technology. Several months later, one of the engineers filed an integrity complaint indicating that the top management had rejected a safety analysis plan. Such a decision was intended to reduce costs, thereby increasing the risk of recorded crashes (Hawkins, 2019). This ethical issue has become a model for analyzing various business practices. Ethical Theory and Practice Deontological ethics is a powerful theory that requires people to adhere to their outlined duties and obligations and make proper decisions. This aspect explains how and why it can provide the best framework for ethical analysis. Those who embrace it will uphold their roles without considering the consequences. Benlahcene et al. (2018) identify the theory as appropriate since it will result in actions that are acceptable and ethically correct. The leaders at Boeing should have subjected the software to numerous safety tests. The best ethical practice that offers a practical framework for this analysis is that of accountability. This initiative allows individuals to act diligently, follow their codes of ethics, and focus on the outcomes and experiences of all other key stakeholders. The organization’s top leadership should have compelled all workers to focus on this practice and improve the level of safe
Primarily, I would like to congratulate you (Claudia) on being pregnant. This is a special period in the life of every woman and I am extremely happy that you were able to get pregnant yourself without any artificial treatment and intervention. As your healthcare investigator, I worry about your well-being and the health of your child; therefore, I need to make sure that your lifestyle is beneficial for you both. Therefore, I would like to provide you with some information regarding the use of alcohol during pregnancy. Remember that you are the person who is responsible for the pregnancy and, based on these facts, it will be for you to decide whether you would like to continue drinking wine or not. Since you would like to understand if it is important for you to stop drinking alcohol, I would say that in case you want to prevent the emergence of any complications for the baby, it is essential for you to stop consuming wine. Based on various researchers, it can be confirmed that there is no safe time during pregnancy for drinking wine or any other kind of alcohol. Alcohol is associated with challenges in developing a healthy baby throughout pregnancy, including the period before a woman knows that she is pregnant (Popova et al., 2017). In addition, drinking any amount of alcohol during the first trimester of pregnancy puts the baby at risk of developing abnormal physical features (Popova et al., 2017). However, these are not the only complications that can arise due to alcohol consumption. Judging from the nature of alcohol as a chemical, it is “a teratogen that can readily cross the placenta, resulting in damage to the brain and other organs of the developing embryo and fetus” (Popova et al., 2017). For this reason, alcohol has been established as a huge risk factor for such problems as stillbirth, premature birth, low birth weight, spontaneous abortion, and growth retardation (Popova et al., 2017). At the same time, one of the most serious fetal problems is the development of fetal alcohol syndrome which highly affects the future life of the baby negatively (Popova et al., 2017). In short, alcohol is a chemical that is not beneficial for your or your baby’s health in any way but only puts both of you in danger. In addition, there are other factors that you should take into consideration. This is your first-time pregnancy at an age of 43. It is great that you were able to get pregnant at 43 but, according to statistics, having a child at this age is risky for both you and
According to Swamson, 2009, human resources are the most precious factor of production that an organization has; to benefit from their intellectualism, an organization need to manage them effectively. Human resources department has the role of ensuring the right number of staffs in terms of quality, quantity, and experience are maintained within an organization. to conduct their role effectively, personnel managers need the support of the entire workforce particularly those in management positions. Line managers have the role of heading revenue-generating departments and are responsible for achieving an organization’s main goals; to effectively undertake this task; they need to manage their human capital effectively. When managing their immediate subordinates, line managers play a crucial role in enhancing performance among the staffs; they act as team leaders, mentors, coaches, and team players (Armstrong, 2006). This paper discusses the role played by line managers to manage under-performance among staffs. Human resources performance management Performance management within an organization refers to activities undertaken by an organization to facilitate the attainment of their corporate goals and objectives in an effective and efficient manner. The focus of effective performance management is to improve an entire organizations performance; it may focus on a certain area, department, employee, or even the processes to build a product or service with the sole aim of ensuring that efficiency has been attained in an organization. The concept of performance management was coined by Dr. Aubrey Daniels in the late 1970s where he looked at an organization from a scientific angle; he suggested that there is need to focus on total improvement of the organization for both behavior and results. Human resources need to be managed effectively to facilitate the improvement of efficiency in the organization; the rate of performance as well as the processes they are using to attain high results need to be vetted to improve them accordingly. Performance management aims at attaining three main corporate objectives as facilitating financial gain of an organization, enhancing and growing motivation in the workplace, and improving management control. Performance can be seen as the difference between actual results verses desired results; it is always the desire of a company to record high actual results than the desired results/budgeted result. Performance management is a continuous process that entails not just evaluation of the rate of performance of an organization but enacting such measures that enhance the improvement of processes within the firm. Other than focusing on human capital, performance management aims at improving structures, infrastructures, and physical components of an organization; it involves partnering of teams of workers for future improvement. To improve future processes and results, there is always the need to measure, gauge and analyze past and present performance of an organization (Bandt and Haines, 2002). Performance management can be analyzed into four main stages as:   * performance standards At this stage the m
Mary Midgley’s philosophical legacy is very diverse and essential in the corpus of English-language philosophy of the second half of the twentieth century. This period was marked by an intense revival of interest in relativism and ethics, accompanied by a simultaneous disillusionment with modern autonomous reason and morality ideals. Trying Out One’s New Sword is a story about refuting the theory of moral isolationism and barriers that divide the world into independent units with their values and traditions. The article’s central idea revolves around a ritual in feudal Japan, the purpose of which is to test the effectiveness of an untried sword or another weapon. For this objective, the samurai chop up a random passerby encountered at a crossroads. Abnormal traditions exist not only in Japan but also in other countries because societies have distinct ideas about proper behavior. The author points out that one’s own culture affects one’s relations with others: it determines what people criticize in other societies (Midgley, 1981). Sometimes they are insensitive to other communities, and occasionally they condemn their own culture by corresponding it to others. Judgments are always based on one’s values, yet sometimes individuals are not ready to recognize moral relativism. It is impossible to comprehend the complexity of religion by reducing it to a single local model and then declaring it universal. Midgley (1981) emphasizes that it is not prohibited to judge other customs. However, one should not set up barriers and must understand one’s own culture before assessing another. Furthermore, one of the leading points of the article is that there are no separate isolated societies; they are all constantly integrating, especially in the modern world. Therefore, Mary Midgley refutes the concept of moral isolationism and gives her interpretation of the ability to evaluate other civilizations. The capacity to form one’s own beliefs and make judgments about other cultures is crucial; however, one must never forget to be respectful and avoid crude opinions. All cultures are diverse, but the world was created as a whole, and that is why no barriers can exist. Reference Midgley, M. (1981). Heart and mind: the varieties of moral experience . Harvester Press.
Introduction The creation of a powerful and properly evidenced argument is not an easy thing. There are a number of issues to be taken into consideration and certain opinions to be evaluated. However, when the nation undergoes certain legal changes, many people are ready to share their personal opinions and ideas about the steps taken. The question of illegal immigration and its role in the development of Arizona society plays an important role for a long period of time. Usually, people want to be in safe and feel protection of their government; still, they are not always ready to accept the legal changes offered. One of the latest reforms taken by the government and critically accepted by society was Arizona S.B. 1070. In fact, this legislative Act is considered to be one of the strictest anti-illegal immigration issues in the state of Arizona as well as in the history of the United States of America. In this paper, the ideas of two different authors will be thoroughly analyzed: Roger Mahony, a famous American cardinal, whose thoughts and activities are supported by millions of people, and Kris Kobach, one of the principle drafters of the Act under consideration. Mahony’s “Thank You, Arizona!” is an attempt to describe the measure taken as a “mean-spirited and useless” measure that deprives people of a chance to be free and to be equal in society (Mahony 17). And though Kobach’s “Defending Arizona” introduces absolutely another point of view, this article should not be regarded as an opposition to Mahony’s work. The two authors share their opinions about the reform taken and try to persuade the reader. Mahony makes use of religion as a powerful weapon to achieve the required justice and protect immigrants from unfair judgments. And Kobach helps to analyze the worth of Arizona S.B. 1070 admitting that many people’s “charges are completely false” and lead to “a vastly disproportionate response” (Kobach 31) . Kobach and Mahony are the writers, those words may be interpreted in a variety of ways; they are not only helpful and influential in the world of politics and religion, but they established the key points according to which governmental activities may be properly evaluated. Summary/Analysis To understand those ideas may play more crucial role in understanding of the worth of Arizona S.B. 1070, it is necessary to analyze each article and the approaches preferred by the authors. Kris Kobach is the drafter of the Act, so, his opinion and explanations of this governmental ch
The savant syndrome is one of the most mysterious phenomena in the modern world. It represents the condition when the brain damage may reveal the hidden genius. The savant abilities are unique by their nature. The person expresses the mastery in the particular activities without necessary knowledge or training. Stephen Wiltshire is an autistic artist who has a remarkable talent for recognizing the large amounts of information within the shortest terms. Although the artist gained popularity and became a well-known person in the modern world of culture, he cannot live independently today because his achievements concern public life and not everyday activities. Savant syndrome is a health condition when the individual with particular disabilities connected with brain development can have brilliant abilities (Treffert par. 3). In most cases, savant syndrome is observed in people with autism. Every tenth person with autism has some savant abilities. Nevertheless, the mistaken opinion is spread that only people with autism may have such abilities. It is not true as far as savant skills can also appear when one has a damaged central nervous system (Edelson par. 2). Scholars have found out that the manifestation of savant abilities does not vary significantly. All people who have this syndrome express brilliant abilities in five categories. The first category is music. Playing the piano is the most common case. Art comprises the second group. Individuals display the mastery in drawing, sculpture, or painting. The third group is calendar calculating. Advanced mathematical skills make the fourth group. Such people can conduct complicated calculations. Finally, spatial and mechanical abilities are the fifth group. Here belong the abilities to measure long distances without the necessary equipment, and the unique memorizing and representing of maps and detailed landscapes (Treffert 1355). Scientists have measured the incidence of savant syndrome in various groups of people. The results have shown that it is present in people with autism most often. 10% of individuals with autism disorder possess savant abilities. What concerns gender, males are more likely to have savant syndrome. The general ratio is six males per one female (Treffert 1354). The description of
The modern innovative achievements in the sphere of technology influence the educational sphere and some new methodologies and instruments are created in order to improve school life and to provide better education for its students. Leadership at schools is the crucial point for good development, as every work should be supervised and this supervision influences all school’s areas. Considering the situation in one of the schools from the point of view of its supervision effectiveness, such sections were focused on School Climate, Communication or Interaction, and Supervisory Climate. These sections were both productive and corresponded to the norms and at the same time had some defects, which are going to be analyzed. A positive school climate is very important in the students’ life as it is one of the main issues for enhancing the learning process. A healthy school climate may help teachers to improve the learning process and to make grade results higher. Communication and interaction, as well as supportive and supervisory climate, are the main guarantee of friendly relations at school among its members (Juvonen et al, 2004). Investigating the climate of the school, it was discovered that the school administration cares about the environment greatly and tries to facilitate it for the students. The butterfly garden and the geography patio are facilities that help students to relax on the school territory, to free their minds from the studying process, which is very important in the middle of the learning process. The standards are followed in the classroom furnishing and curriculum comprising, which with the interaction of teachers’ professionalism provide productive work in class. A supportive school environment is impossible without strict discipline, which is followed. The named school cares greatly about discipline and the special punishment methodology is provided in order not just to punish the child but to teach him/her and learn a good lesson, in order to avoid recidivation. Focusing on the communication or interaction section in the school, it is necessary to emphasize that students are in constant interaction while staying at school. Communication and interaction during class activities and in the rest time are very important as it is the main guarantee of success. To be best at its field, the school should have rules of communication. The leaders of the school are sure that it is impossible to bring up a social person without teaching him/her rules of behavior and communication therefore school provides the rules which should be followed both by students and staff (such as communicational rules, dress code, and other models). Students are involved in the conversation by teachers while lessons, and as a result, the level of the educational process is raised as the truth is born in dispute. The productive supervisory climate is crucial, as the whole educational process should be followed in order to be successful. It is very important that leaders of schools instruct the teachers and at the same time teachers are free for criticizing and evaluate leaders’ ac