ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The concept of nursing is closely associated with the idea of continuous improvement, as the trends of health care need to mirror the existing social trends to provide the best care possible. One way to secure such care is to refer to the latest scholarly findings to modify the approaches to care provision in the workplace. This process of implementing research-based findings in daily patient care is known as evidence-based practice (EBP) (Wilson & Austria, 2021). Currently, EBP is not used actively by nurses for several reasons. First, the workload of most nurses discourages their desire to learn and embrace EBP. According to McArthur et al. (2021), a physical opportunity is a construct that contributes to the nurses’ ability to resort to EBM. Physical opportunity includes such barriers as “cost and lack of resources, compromised communication, staff turnover, and limited physical guidelines” (McArthur et al., 2021, p. 20). As a result, management promotes behavioral patterns that react to the environment rather than examine it in advance. The second massive barrier to EBP in the workplace is the lack of social opportunity embodied in the lack of organizational support and teamwork (McArthur et al., 2021). Since the aforementioned examples tackle only a minor part of the existing challenged, the need to intervene and facilitate EBP is evident. The first commonly mentioned approach to facilitate the use of EBP is to establish a leadership that would encourage the practice by both setting an example and conducting training and workshops. Another crucial facilitator is to secure nurses’ access to relevant sources in the workplace, including relevant databases, steady Internet connection, and subscription to peer-reviewed publications. In such a way, the use of scholarly research will become more time-efficient and less stressful for nurses.
Prostitution is the practice of individuals engaging in sexual activities for payment. It is a controversial practice that has generated emotional debate among agencies that enforce the law and business communities. The practice of prostitution has harmful implications on individuals, businesses, and communities. The arguments about how to address the issue of legalized prostitution have been subject to parliamentary actions in many countries. Countries such as Netherlands and Germany among others have legalized and decriminalized systems of prostitution which includes; decriminalizing brothels, pimps, and buyers (Farley, 317). Other countries such as Thailand have put in place legal systems which bar prostitution activities and enterprises but in reality tolerate brothels and the purchase of women for commercial sexual exploitation, especially in its sex tourism sector. Sweden on the other hand has a different legal approach where it punishes the buyers while at the same time criminalizing women in prostitution. This paper presents arguments for not legalizing and decriminalizing prostitution. The arguments apply for those forms of prostitution sponsored by governments including the legalization of brothels, pimps, and decriminalization of the sex sector or any system in which prostitution is accepted as “sex work”. There are several reasons why I strongly legalization and/or decriminalization of prostitution by governments. This includes one, it perpetuates sex trafficking; two, it rewards pimps, traffickers, and the sex industry; three, it expands the sex industry instead of controlling it; four, it drives many women into street prostitution; five, it promotes child prostitution; six, it does not protect the women in prostitution; seven does not promote the health of women; last but not least, it does not enhance women’s choice. In this first part of the discussion, it is important to note that the prostitution industry that is legalized and/decriminalized is the main cause of the sex trafficking menace. In the Netherlands for example, prostitution was legalized with the hope that it would assist in bringing to an end the problem of exploitation suffered by desperate immigrant women trafficked in the country for prostitution purposes. This legal measure did not assist the country to solve the problem as expected instead, as the Budapest Group (1999) report found, 80% of women in the Netherlands’s brothels were victims of trafficking from other nations. Again, the International Organization Migration report of 1994 indicated that “nearly 70% of women from Central and Eastern Europe” were trafficked to the Netherlands alone (IOM, 17). These statistics indicate that indeed the policy of legalizing and decriminalizing the practice enhanced sex trafficking in the Netherlands. The Netherlands has in place trafficking policies and programs that discourage prostitution. However, the country has removed every legal barrier that encourages vices such as pimping, buying, and brothels. For instance, Netherlands Justice Ministry agitated for a legal quota of foreign “sex workers” in 2000 because the prostitution market in the country dema
Generally, Sales and Operation Planning (or S&OP) plays an important role in the organization’s supply chain performance. Large organizations pay much attention to planning in order to maximize efficiency and minimize costs. Tuomikangas and Kaipia (2014, p. 243) refer to S&OP as “a key business process to match customer demand with supply capabilities in the medium term.” This goal is attained by providing a tool that aligns the general business strategy with operational planning and matches demand with supply plans. According to Tuomikangas and Kaipia (2014, p. 243), S&OP plays a crucial role in supply chain management and improves an organization’s overall competitiveness by responding to its customers’ demands in the most efficient way. Belotti et al. (2017, p. 1) add that the strategy in question “unites different business plans in a single integrated set of plans.” As companies consist of several departments, management might find it challenging to ensure cooperation between all of them. Sales and production are two fundamentally different areas, which do not always align within one particular enterprise. According to Ambrose, Matthews, and Jones (2018, p. 270), these departments tend to “occupy different thought worlds.” In other words, sales and production often follow separate views on business, causing disharmony in the company. Such a gap between departments might be detrimental to the organizations’ overall revenues, so the situation requires some bridge. S&OP serves this particular purpose, as it aims at ensuring proper coordination between divisions. Therefore, nowadays, managers pay more attention to this instrument, recognizing its potential. In fact, intergroup cooperation is a complex process that requires more in-depth research. Ambrose, Matthews, and Jones (2018, p. 271) highlight a connection between professional groups and social identity. Social categories comprise a range of associations, such as age group, religious community, and organizational membership. As for business relations, according to Ambrose, Matthews, and Jones (2018, p. 271), “employees tend to form strong identities with their functional subunit and negative predispositions toward other subunits.” Stated differently, people who work in one department may be reluctant to communicate closely with those who represent a different subgroup. Since each division tends to have its separate objectives and incentives, such disharmony impedes proper S&OP functioning and requires special attention from the management. Ambrose, Matthews, and Jones (2018, p. 271) refer to studies, which indicate that superordinate identity, or commitment to goals that overarch those of a particular group, is a pivotal element of Sales and Operation Planning. Therefore, overcoming differences that exist between the company’s divisions is an indispensable factor that contributes to positive change. Ideally, the correct implementation of S&OP entails a range of benefits for the company. According to Tavares et al . (p. 360), it allows the management to “achieve competitive advantage on a continuous basis.” As stated by Hulthén, Naslund, and Norrman (2017), this strategy sync
Over the decades, there have been growing interests in subjective meaning and common sense understanding of social problems. This interest is a response to the manner in which sociological research was previously conducted. In the past, interviewing and lab experiments were important and although they are still important, they are no longer relevant or dominant. This method of scientific exploration raises questions and answers to the questions will be descriptive and holistic, the new method of data collection is qualitative. Although there were books on qualitative research before its usage, they only emphasized on one technique of data collection that is, participant collection. Therefore, those books could not adequately guide someone with adequate background to conduct qualitative research. Discussion of qualitative approach is based on phenomenological perspective meaning it collects data from the respondents view. The method introduces scholars to qualitative research as well as to techniques of conducting qualitative research. Furthermore, it describes the data collection sources to researcher and how to present data that might have been collected. Qualitative research is moreover referred to as naturalistic enquiry. The method pertains itself to the forces that are more human in nature rather than to those that are physical. This means that the type of data collected are more of individual feelings, group or individual ideas, and motives. Qualitative research is a post-positivistic perspective, holding that it is not enough to study facts without considering those who experienced those facts. Techniques employed include direct observation, case studies and key informant interviews. The techniques give descriptive data with deep insights about the people. Narrative investigation Narrative study developed as a subject within the wider field of qualitative study. It is advancement to perceptive/exploring the way groups make connotation of their lives as narratives, associated themes are story scrutiny, narratology and life inscription. Narrative investigation ought to be separated from storytelling in that the remark narrative entails addressees and a storyteller. Of importance to narrative investigators is not what occurred so much as what denotation did groups developed pertaining to wha
Background After taking up the position of the City Engineering Commissioner for Granite City, manager Jane Reardon faced a severe problem in the workplace. The issue revolved around the allegations against one of the employees, Simon Knash, who used his position for personal gain, including power abuse and the use of his subordinates in non-business-related affairs. Since the issue was complicated by the press attention and the attorney’s refusal to disclose the formal investigation, Reardon resorted to the internal investigation. Its results have proven Knash’s guilt in using the subordinates and city transport for building his house. Thus, the manager must resolve the situation with the tools at hand. Press, a criminal investigation, and public attention play a crucial role in the case. Hence, the reputation of the whole organization is at stake, especially after several similar problems in the past. Similarly, Reardon must deal with the threat to her public image as a manager. After all, she promised to solve the issues of corruption while stepping on her position. Finally, the ethical side of the problem could affect the staff as well if left unchecked. Recommendations The necessary actions on Reardon’s part, as mentioned, must include the decision towards Knash’s penalty, disciplinary work among personnel, and explanation to the public.
Process of globalization Nowadays, the process of globalization cannot be stopped and neglected. People have to make fast decisions, consider innovations and improvements in a short period of time, and follow the examples demonstrated by others. In fact, people are so fond of the idea to be helpful for others and not to do harm to themselves that they can easily accept such propositions as corporatization, fair trade, and ethical consumerism because these issues promote and support safe development. Sometimes, it is hard to realize how influential the idea of economic relations could be in the lives of ordinary people. Universities become corporatized, ethical consumerism misinforms people, and altruistic intentions make people blind; therefore, it is high time for people to realize that they become dependent on all those issues or even their personal decisions concerning the possibility to make poor people rich. Despite the fact that many sources of information about fair trade and the methods of advertising are available to people and discussed at schools, colleges, and universities, people fail to comprehend one simple thing that consumerism cannot be the answer to all human problems. For example, in his video, Slavoj Zizek discusses such activity as charity and its impact on the lives of poor or starving children. Consumers want to believe that if they buy a certain pair of shoes or an identified product, they can do a good thing and help another person. However, not much time is spent evaluating the whole situation and try to clarify how exactly that kind of purchase can influence a life of another person. People want to believe that globalization is something that can make the exchange of help and support possible around the whole globe. However, even universities cannot give a clear answer if such ethical consumerism could be helpful. Therefore, it is possible to say that even universities become corporatized because st
Introduction The history of Google, Inc. takes root from 1996 when a search engine using webpage links arranged by relevance was built by Larry Page and Sergey Brin ( About Google , 2016). Google was founded in 1998 and has grown to serve millions of users over the globe. In September 2008, Google Chrome was launched, and the company now runs under the official executive chairman Eric Schmidt. Mission The mission statement of the incorporated is presented as follows: “Google’s mission is to organize the world’s information and make it universally accessible and useful” ( About Google , 2016, para. 1). As the mission is further expanded in their corporate philosophy, Google is mostly user-oriented. Its products and services are designed according to the users’ preferences, and it invests in extensive research to optimize the users’ experience. As a result, it provides net search opportunities in more than 120 languages and is aimed at making information globally accessible (Manimala & Wasdani, 2013). Google’s leadership model is derived directly from its philosophy and mission. Google prides itself on distributed leadership model, allowing its employees to make and implement decisions (Manimala & Wasdani, 2013). Functionally, the vision is communicated to the employees from the Board of Directors via Executive Management group which is a common model. Apart from that, the company encourages individual accomplishments and tries to optimize the employees’ workplaces and benefit them in every way to boost their creativity. Such leadership style is actively deployed by Google’s board of directors, especially Eric Schmidt, the current chairman. Back in the 2000s, Schmidt was thought to lack the qualities necessary for aggressive revenue-oriented advertisement (Manimala & Wasdani, 2013). However, the fact that a job at Google is so desirable can be largely attributed to the merit of Schmidt. The leadership style at Google, Inc. can be deemed unconventional in that it seems to combine the features of distributed leadership and emotional intelligence. The main component of the model is employee empowerment (Gio & Yazdanifard, 2015). As said, the vision is communicated via Executive Management; the goal is to assure that the goals are clear to every employee so that they can derive their decisions and strategies from that. Other points include being a good coach, promoting teamwork as well as individual accomplishments, and ensuring the employees’ well-being. Over the years, Schmidt has devised some strategic moves to keep the employees motivated. Such motivating factors include ensuring the employees are personally committed to the issues they are to resolve and timely evaluation and rewarding of both the individual and team performance (Manimala & Wasdani, 2013). What is more, the evaluating should be conducted by a person or group of persons whose appraisal is truly significant for the employees. Considering that it is only the corporate vision that gets communicated to the employees (the ways to implement the vision are up to the employees to devise), personal commitment is the key aspect for Google’s leadership. Organizational Structu
Introduction Art plays a central role in the advancement of societies by passing experiences from one generation to another, instilling values, and shaping opinions towards the collective progress of humankind. In other words, art is a vehicle for social change, which allows generations from different cultures and times to communicate with each other through various forms, such as paintings, sculptures, literature, and music among others. From the Renaissance through Baroque, Neoclassicism, Romanticism, to contemporary movements, each art era has distinguishing features based on the underlying themes addressing relevant issues at the time. This paper analyses Giotto’s Madonna Enthroned from the Renaissance and Emanuel Leutze’s Washington Crossing the Delaware from the Romanticism movement. Madonna Enthroned Madonna Enthroned also known as Virgin and Child Enthroned (Ognissanti Maestà) is a painting by Giotto (Vespignano, Vicchio di Mugello) using the tempera on wood technique between 1300 and 1305. It was created in Italy and it belongs to the Early Renaissance Movement. In the painting, Virgin Mary is seated on a throne while holding baby Jesus in her arms – a view that elicits the image of a queen seated on a throne. This iconography births the title Maestà, which is the Italian word for Majesty. The Virgin, who is the ceremonial Queen of Heaven, holds a baby on her lap surrounded by angels. The baby’s right hand is raised as a sign of giving blessing while his left hand holds a scroll to symbolize knowledge. The throne is surrounded by a multicolored tabernacle, which is reminiscent of Gothic Architecture that was popular during this time. This painting was highly influenced by the concept of humanism as an emergent ideology during the Renaissance characterized by intense inventiveness and revived interest in literature and learning. The focus during this era was on human beings, their endeavors, responsibilities, and the quest for the common good. Humanism, according to Sachant et al., is “the belief that people are naturally good and that problems can be solved using reason instead of religion” (128). This assertion explains why the focus in this painting is on the Virgin, who is depicted as a queen, a Madonna, as a way of giving her human embodiment. During the Middle Ages, religion defined the Sacred Culture, which in turn shaped the way of thinking and life (Yu 452). However, artists during the Renaissance sought a rebirth, and this aspect explains Giotto’s attempt to incorporate elements of humanism in this painting by portraying the Virgin as a queen. Similarly, baby Jesus holds a scroll in his left hand to symbolize knowledge – a central issue during the 14th century. A
China is a country that has succeeded to empower its people through the introduction of village elections. The people at the grass-root level have felt part and parcel of their governance by being given the power to choose and reject the leaders. Due to its success in promoting economic growth and stability at village level, the system is gaining access to higher levels of governance. It is also giving rise to an informed group village leader who can be relied on for higher responsibilities. The leaders are trained to be responsible and always be ready to serve the people rather than their own interests. Since the introduction of village election system in ancient china in 1987, tremendous developments have been experienced. Village election of leaders has ensured democracy in leadership as the villagers have the right to choose who should lead them. This system of leadership was introduced to minimize the frustrations that were being experienced by the rural community due to unequal distribution of power and resources. It was the expectation of the party leaders that, once the villager committee is in place, there would be political stability and economic growth. They also aimed at improving and strengthening the relationship between the village and the state government so we to enforce policies such as taxes and family planning. There were increased riots and demonstrations from unsatisfied citizens and an election was the only alternative that could solve all these problems. Currently 70% of rural china conducts elections and the results have been positive (Diamond, 2008). In this process, nominees are selected and thoroughly screened by the local party officials to find out the most suitable candidate. After the suitable candidates are selected, the villagers come together and carry out the elections through the secret ballot box. Through this system, the people of rural china have felt empowered politically as they can be led by the people they are proud of personally electing. Corrupt leaders and those that are not perfectly performing are eliminated through recall procedures. This leadership system gains its strength from the fact that it is closely connected to the political parties that are responsible for the nominations of the chiefs before the final elections are carried out. It is because of this fact also that there has been a recorded case of competition for the post of the chief which is an evidence of development in socialist democracy. The local chiefs have also gained the attention of top leadership and as a result, experiments from the local political arena are being integrated on the national level and also giving rise to self-confident and more innovative class of political leaders. Rural democratization is aimed at promoting the rule of law to the nine hundred million Chinese communities that live in the rural areas. This is done by making them aware of their rights and responsibilities under the village committees and also their rights to choose leaders whom they can vote in and out of the office if found inc