ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Over the past years, the media has been very efficient as a powerful tool of communication. The introduction of technology has enhanced the communication process to succeed through various forms of media (Wood, p. 105). This has mostly applied for mediated communication whereby technology is often used during one on one interactions. As a result of these, a technological medium can therefore be used to augment the communication process between different personalities. Although interpersonal communication does not entirely depend on a technological medium, there are instances where the media is essential for interaction. According to Corbin and White, the use of media during interpersonal communication has been able to influence people’s attitudes and behavior (Corbin & White, p. 78). Basically, the various forms of media include television, newspaper and radio. For a long time, the newspaper was widely used as the sole form of media; recently new technologies have given way to other mediums. One major impact of technology has been the introduction of internet services which are mainly used for the communication process. Today, online services have enabled people to interact with one another regardless of their geographical background (Corbin & White, p. 43). Social networks have even made it easier for people to interact with each other. This paper will mainly focus on mediated interpersonal communication. Activity 1: Media inventory In our daily activities, we often come across different types of communication tools. Even in the rooms within our homes we also have very essential communication tools. Such tools are therefore mediators that normally pass different messages to us. Some examples of these communication mediators include television, radio, and wall clocks in our rooms. Wall clocks are important communication tools that serve the purpose of alerting people at their desired specific time. Normally they are installed with an alarm device that makes certain sounds on an hourly basis. As such the clock has always been used to alert individuals who have difficulties in waking up. This has been practical in schools where it is not the duty of teachers to tell students when they will wake up but the clock has succeeded in waking them up early on time. This also applies to radio stations which often update people on the time through presenters and their news reporters (Corbin & White 81). Other than this task, the radio is a medium through which important information can be conveyed. Advertisers are frequent customers of radio stations as they often this medium to communicate their messages.
Camel racing is a traditional sport whose origin is in the desert culture of North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and the Middle East. As an old sport, camel racing was practiced by Arabs for more than 1430 years and through the ages, they have handed down this form of sport to the later generations. Thus far, the sport has gained immense popularity in Australia, parts of East Africa, and the Middle East (Hejaz para. 1). Camel racing has specific rules and conditions for participants. These include racetrack specification rules, camel specification, and organizing the race. During an 810 km race, camels are a long away from the spectators, and grandstands are equipped with television sets. Race distances are varied by the oval tracks having alternative end loops that can be opened or closed. Positive control of the running camel’s direction is difficult to maintain. Arabian racing camels have long legs and are fed to ensure that the hump is not too large. A fat camel may be carrying 35 kg in the hump (McKnight Para. 1). The feet should be small enough to allow quickness. An Arabian authentic camel weighs from 1102 to 1323 pounds. The body should be thin and graceful for fast running. Camels start training at approximately the age of 13 months and start racing when they are 3 years old. It is the responsibility of the trainer to determine the running distance for camels. Camel racing has four steps of training. Of these, the first three are for taming purposes. In the first step, strings are tied to the camel with a rope connecting to the other end of a tree trunk until the camel yields. In the second step, a wood is set on the camel’s back in between its neck and the top. Almareb, which is the distance between the hump and tail of a camel, has many made up of palm fiber. A rope called batan is used to connect to the belly. The third step is the riding stage where the camel is tied to an already tamed camel for riding purposes. The camel is taught to obey the directions of the stick. The camel is also trained on how to run slowly by linking it with another camel using a rope. In the final training step, the camel is made to drink less water, run faster than normal, and fed on alfalfa and fresh milk. The initial
The balance of power in international relations is the distribution of world influence between power units, which usually means countries in the context of geopolitics. Imbalance, in turn, implies the dominance of a single country or a bloc of allied states. Maintaining balance is an essential aspect of foreign policy, which, however, should not be associated with peace or war. Promoting the balance of power as a basic strategy of interaction among states is not a guarantee of friendly relations, and historical examples of the 20th century confirm this. Similarly, imbalance does not mean that a situation is fraught with an inevitable armed conflict. Although the balance of power is considered the basis of international order and security, relations among countries do not always depend on this indicator and can be both peaceful and hostile. Balance of Power: Major Features Since the balance of power implies equilibrium among countries, it is customary to believe that this nature of relationships means peaceful interaction. Nevertheless, the example of the Cold War between the USSR and the USA in the second half of the 20th century proves that, despite the absence of an open armed conflict, both superpowers were in a state of intense confrontation. The desire for world domination and the establishment of a unipolar world was manifested in the absence of mutual understanding and partnership, although from the standpoint of diplomatic relations, no norms were violated. This example confirms that if two or more countries adhere to a strategy of maintaining the balance of power, their interaction can be hostile and subsequently develop into an aggressive form of relationship. In case the balance of power is promoted as a strategy for maintaining peace, which is the background for the formation of such a geopolitical principle, a tension between states can persist. The difference from the aggressive tactics of relationships is the separation of regions of dominance when the world turns into a bipolar, tripolar, and even a more complex platform on which the roles are distributed. For instance, if individual large states determine the principles of influence in specific regions, this does not exclude their hostility towards one another. Thus, although initially, the balance of power is a strategy for maintaining peace among sovereign states, the forms of relationships may be characterized by hostility. Imbalance of Power: Alternative Perspectives The imbalance of power implies the lack of equilibrium in favor of a specific state with an obvious dominant advantage. Today, such a geopolitical strategy is less common than several centuries ago, when major powers controlled large territories. However, on the example of economic processes, one can notice how leadership is formed. East Asia is a region in which rivalry
Business introduction A fictitious organization by the name of Focus Traders has been used for the purpose of this assignment. Focus traders is a chain of stores that was established in the US about two decades ago. The company, which has opened stores in many states across the country, specializes in a variety of products and services. Apart from the normal retail products that are sold in hypermarket stores across the country, the company is also known for electronic and toy products, among other key products. Services aligned to the company include consultancy and moving services. Presently, Focus has a workforce of about 5500 employees serving in all its stores allover the country. Among other impressive things, Focus Traders is known for their respect on employees. The company views its employees as the strongest force behind their success, and therefore, as their most valuable asset in business. For that reason, the management of Focus Traders is committed to ensuring that the working conditions in the company are safe and impressive for all its workers in various organizations. More importantly, it is also in the responsibility of the management body to ensure that business clients and stakeholders are treated with due respect and dignity in all interactive grounds. As it would be observed, the company’s code of conduct has proved to be beneficial to the business stakeholders, clients, and the society at large. Mission Statement Focus is committed to become a leading global supplier and provider of essential human products and services. As a focused company, we recognize that nothing can surpass the integration of sound management practices into every aspect of our business, to make life easier and better for modern and future generations. Definition of Key terms as used in this publication Core values This refers to the fundamental principles or beliefs that would dictate the action or behavior of an individual or organization (Schwartz, 2002). Core values are important, for they play a key role in helping people differentiate between the right and the wrong in various contexts under which they are placed. Passion This is a kind of strong, uncontrollable emotion or attitude towards something. For the purpose of this case, this is whereby employers put more effort into their obligations than it is required of them, so as to reach better results or improved performances. Commitment This is the act of fully engaging in a particular activity in order to realize a specific goal. In other words, this refers to the extra effort or determination which people apply in fulfilling their work obligations. Contribution This is a person’s participation towards realization or fulfillment of a particular goal. Accountable This refers to the act of being responsible towards a certain obligation or duty. Guiding Principles/Core Values In Focus Traders, our operations are guided by a set of principles or values that plays a significant role in defining our organizational culture and character, as it is manifested through various core units. Following a
Introduction Organizations thrive in an environment that is evidently dynamic perhaps because of technological sophistication coupled with the emerging need to adapt to new changes. In organizations, especially the ones that I am quite familiar with, most influential daily chores entangle incorporation of strategies that see the organization achieve its intended goals and objectives. Whether official, operative or operational goals, as Barnet Reckons “organizational goals are desired states of affairs or preferred results that organizations attempt to realize” (2009, Para.1). This is perhaps subtle given that every organization exists for some preset purposes in which it must involve itself. Any other practice, be it human resource practices or according tasks to subordinate staff, attempts to foster realization of outcomes that are congruent with this preset purpose. This is crucial if an organization needs to succeed both in the short and in the end. Firms and organizations, consequently, attempt to come up with adaptive capabilities for them to survive. Among such adaptive strategies, include building, and developing organizations that can learn. This would perhaps be impossible upon negating the approaches of change management. The two go hand in hand. This means that one cannot discuss one fully without inferring from the other one. By appreciating the contribution of change management, as the paper unveils, integrating learning organization concepts is a view that is both theoretically and practically adequate in the realization, sustenance, and improvement of fundamental practices in an organization, all geared towards realizing the anticipated outcomes or rather organizational outputs. Learning organizations In almost every organization, organizational goals are ever in a continuous state of change. “Organizations must respond appropriately, by formulating new goals, as well as deciding the goals to accomplish, and in what order” (Barnet, 2009, Para.2). One of the responses is perhaps to develop a learning organization that can adapt to the new goals. Peter Senge stands out as the founding father of the learning organization, as a concept of improving and ensuring sustained improvement of organizations. According to Senge (1990), learning organizations are “…organizations where people continually expand their capacity to create the results they truly desire, where new and expansive patterns of thinking are nurtured, where collective aspiration is set free, and where people are continually learning to see the whole together” (p.4). The learning organization concept acquired incredible recognition in 1990 upon the publishing of his book: The Fifth Discipline. As Cors (2003) writes, “…that a learning organization values, and derives competitive advantage fro
Governments are responsible for providing citizens with definite conditions, support, and possibilities to live according to the standards which are also fixed by the government. However, today the public discusses the problem of the government’s assistance in relation to its time limit and specific criteria to receive these financial aids. Although the government’s programs oriented to supporting the people in need are necessary and helpful, the definite time limits and specific requirements for receiving such a kind of assistance should be developed and fixed because the financial assistance cannot be continuous, the situation of relying on the government’s support does not motivate people, and there are many persons who intend to take advantage of the provided financial assistance. Many people agree that the government’s welfare programs are necessary to help people, and they accentuate the fact that people in need often have the lifetime financial problems that is why the assistance should be limitless. However, is it possible to fund the lifetime financial assistance for the large group of people? From this point, the definite time limits for providing the necessary assistance to people in need should be discussed as the usual practice because any person has no right to live for account of the government, and in this situation, for account of the other people because the government’s assistance is based on taxes “that help fund the social welfare system” (Segal 9). Time limits can be different in relation to the situation, but they should be in any case. It is possible to argue that the role of the government’s support is in direct assistance, but not in motivating people to change their life conditions. If any person asks for the aids or participates in special social programs, he or she needs help. Nevertheless, the reason for providing the prolonged government’s assistance should be strong, and the situation should respond to the range of criteria. It is possible to provide one-time financial assistance, but it is impractical to provide a lot of people with the lifetime financial aids because of their irresponsibility. In spite of the fact the procedure of checking the people’s case and life conditions can remain unchanged, the accents should be made on developing strict guidelines for the policy’s provision and using definite principles to determine the time limits of presenting the necessary welfare (Segal 189). Relying on the government’s assistance, people do not see the necessity to change the situation because the current one satisfies them completely. The welfare programs are advantageous for many people who have bad life conditions and need help. The programs give these persons a chance to feed and clothe their children. However, there are many people who are ‘latent criminals’ and try to take advantage of the government’s assistance (Gustafson 70). The developed system of time limits will contribute to supporting the idea that
The increasing demand for healthcare delivery and care providers’ professional responsibilities to offer high-quality services necessitate the incorporation of research evidence in decision-making processes. Therefore, BSN-prepared registered nurses should embrace evidence-based practice (EBP), which is an essential component beneficial to them, patients, and healthcare institutions. EBP prepares BSN-prepared registered nurses on different aspects of patient care, healthcare management, and leadership vital in contemporary practice. According to the University of Maine Fort Kent (2019), the integration of EBP in nursing provides RNs with scientific research, allowing them to make well-founded clinical decisions. EBP also ensures that BSN-prepared registered nurses remain updated about patient care’s new medical protocol. The nurses can increase patient’s chances for recovery by researching documented interventions that fit the profiles of their clients. The application of EPB enables BSN-prepared RNs to evaluate various researches to understand the effectiveness or risks of treatments or diagnostic tests (Eastern Illinois University, 2018). Moreover, EBP allows BSN-prepared RNs to integrate technology into their practice and enhance their capability to formulate health policies and engage actively in health advocacy. The two ways in which I will continue integrating EBP in my practice and encourage it in my work environment include actively participating in inter-professional and inter-wards discussions and engaging in continuous learning. The discussions will allow me to know and access what other healthcare professionals have researched about illnesses and treatments and apply the evidence in my practice. Participating and promoting constant learning among new RNs about EBP will encourage them to adopt and make it a culture in the health institution. Lack of adequate institutional support and nurse turnover are key obstacles that can hinder the implementation of the EBP plan. I would involve the facility’s management in designing and implementing the EBP plan and enlightening them on why it is necessary to gain their full support. According to Colwell (2019), nurse turnover can be mitigated by encouraging the management to devise various programs for motivating the staff, such as training, to retain skilled professionals.
Abstract The main aim of this research study is to analyze the effect of the motivation of the workforce and its impact on the growth of the business organization. In this research study, O2- Telefonica SA –the UK, a UK-based company has been involved as a case study to underline the main aim of the study along with Google and ABB also as additional case studies. This research study attempts to explain the various employee motivational theories in detail and correlates them to real case studies and how the companies are on the developmental path by motivating the employees. For instance, for those employees who have been found extraordinarily skilled and have given a great performance, o2 offers long term incentives. Further, companies like IBM, ARUB Laboratories, Great River Health Systems, and Versant Inc give due weightage to employee satisfaction and motivation as a critical factor for their business success. ( Kinicki 2009:147). Employee motivation is a key element in accomplishing a company’s objectives like product quality and establishing a quality workplace. Other than financial compensation, other factors like achievements, self-actualization, recognition, accomplishment, relationship with supervisors and co-employees, job interest, the nature and the magnitude of work supervision, the chances for growth and advancement, and the trust and responsibility shall have to take into account for the success of any business. ( Russell and Taylor –lii 2008:311). When management employs performance appra
Both welfare and neo-classical liberals share some similarities arising from the fact they were born from the same set of ideals, but they also have their differing viewpoints that to a large extent stem from their divergent reactions to the social effects of the Industrial Revolution. In similarities, it is clear both welfare and neo-classical liberals believe in the value and promotion of individual liberty and a desire for a more open and tolerant society, not mentioning that they are guided by the twin elements of individual rational self interest and competition in their attempts to promote self interest (Dolbeare & Cummings, 2009). Extant literature, however, demonstrates that the two political ideologies differ on very key issues that were pushed into the limelight by the social effects of the Industrial Revolution. Borrowing heavily on Darwin’s Theory of evolution, the neo-classical liberals, also referred to as minimal-state liberals, argue that people should not invest too much power in the government as such a move would obstruct the realization of individual liberty. Indeed, the neo-classical liberals suggest that “…the state or government should be nothing more than a night watchman whose only legitimate business is to protect the person and property of individuals against force and fraud” (Dolbeare & Cummings, 2009 p. 71). Arising from this description, it is also clear that neo-classical liberals support minimal regulations in the pursuit of economic competition. The welfare liberals (also called the active-state liberals), however, argue from the perspective that the government should play a bigger role in ensuring the liberty of people by rescuing them from social ills such as poverty, ignorance and illness. Additionally, while neoclassical liberals reinforce the perspective that the strongest, smartest and most fit will survival in the competition at the expense of the poor and the weak, the welfare liberals are more concerned with ensuring that every person in the society enjoys an equal opportunity in life (Dolbeare & Cummings, 2009). In the United States, it is clear that these differences led to the formation of the republican political ideology arising from neo-classical liberals set of ideals and democrat political dispensation arising from the welfare liberals set of ideals It can be argued that the neo-classical liberals are more conservative than the welfare state liberals due to their quest to put in place a society t