ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Published for the first time in 1933, The Mis-Education of Negro is one of the most successful books written by Carter Woodson. Woodson experience as an African American student armed with the necessary information to write such a compelling masterpiece. He criticizes the American syllabus, which ignores the historical and cultural systems of the Negros. Unfortunately, the blacks do not realize the indoctrination that defines the American schools; however, if they realize the indoctrination, then they simply do not care for they continue to be sold out to ‘whiteness.’ Woodson argues that the long-term effect of mimicry and adaptation of a foreign culture heralded the extinction of the black culture. Although Woodson struggled to wage war against racism and oppression of the Negros, more than 70 years later racial discrimination still prevails. Review The history and culture of the whites is the center of the American educational system; therefore, the educational curriculum exposes the blacks to a foreign culture forcing them to adapt different lifestyles yet they have their own culture. Surprisingly, the education system forbids the culture and history of the Negros with the primary aim of the whites being to impose infer
Etisalat is a multinational company that deals with telecommunication operations in the Middle East, Asia, and Africa. The company has been in operation since 1976 and has established a strong market base in the United Arab Emirates and other regions of Africa and Asia. Remarkably, the company is among the leading operators of the telecommunication industry in the region and operates in about 15 countries in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. Etisalat is a blue-chip company that employs a significant number of individuals from the areas where it executes its operations. In addition, the company has a high market value and progressive annual revenues that amount to hundreds of billion dollars. Therefore, the paper examines the effect of successful variables such as green technology, diversification, and collaborations that took place in Etisalat. Recently, the company announced its plan to invest in green technology and use environmentally friendly technologies in its operations. According to the company’s management, the world is quickly adopting the provisions of green technology in science and information technology, and thus, there is a need for all the companies in the region across the world to adopt eco-friendly technologies in their operations (“Etisalat: Company profiles” par. 7). Remarkably, one of the beliefs that the company holds is the vital role that telecommunication companies can play in reducing the number of greenhouse gases released into the world. The company proposes that telecommunication companies can build transparent and eco-friendly strategies that, in turn, reduce the number of emissions that cause climate change and global warming. The proposal to adopt green technology in its operations is a successful variable as it increases the sales of the company’s products to a wide consumer base, including those products, which are environmentally friendly. Over the recent past, Etisalat undertook a number of steps aimed at increasing its market base. The plan focuses on increasing the market base that the company enjoys in several parts of the world. The company decided to buy some shares from companies like Maroc Telecommunications, an African based company. Eventually, Etisalat will have a wide market share and a high consumer base in Africa and other parts of the world. In addition, the company has extended its services to countries like the United States and Britain. To cope with technological advancements and consumer demands, the company introduced high-speed internet broadband that enables its consumers to access the Internet easily, quickly, and at consumer-friendly prices. The innovative and creative culture that the company employs is crucial to its success as it helps in providing customers with services that match their expectations (Plunkett 28). It is imperative to understand that diversification helps in the delivery of high-quality products and increases the sales volumes of the company. Another success variable that the company executed over the recent past is the collaborations with other popular companies around the wor
Introduction The concept of an expanding universe is hinged on the Big Bang theory. According to this theory, around 13 billion years ago, a big bang occurred after all cosmic matter and energy were compacted into a single point leading to the release of enormous energy, which formed the universe. Thereafter galaxies, the Earth, stars, and other heavenly bodies emerged from the same process. Additionally, the big bang explosion created a force that is continually pushing matter outward and galaxies are moving in the same direction as this momentum. As such, based on the Big Bang theory, the universe is expanding. However, the fact that the majority of people believe in the Big Bang theory does not make it absolute – the only way to knowing the truth about the universe and its nature. A growing number of cosmologists do not support the idea of a big bang; hence, they offer alternative theories about the origins of the universe and its infinite nature. The universe is infinite and non-expanding, as explained herein. This paper will discuss points supporting this position and give opposing views before rebutting such alternative perspectives. A Non-Expanding Universe The argument that the universe is infinite and non-expanding is based on a cyclical process that continuously takes place. In this case, hydrogen and helium mix with “entrapped cold, larger elements condense under gravity and heat up to form stars which ‘burn’ by fusion to helium to give a heat of millions of degrees at the center. Photons move to the surface and become starlight” (Wynne-Jones, 2012, p. 1). This fusion goes on for many years, perhaps billions of years, via oxygen, calcium, carbon, and silicon, among other related elements until it reaches iron and it ceases. According to Wynne-Jones (2012), after all the smaller elements are exhausted, “temperatures drop and contraction under gravity forms a neutron mass with a nucleus density of 10 15 . Further compression under gravity may contract the mass to lie within its event horizon and form a black hole, which cannot radiate” (p. 1). However, the black hole takes in all the photons and neutrinos before heating up to the point of an explosion to release neutrons into space where they decay within a short period forming electrons and protons. The so formed particles come together to form hydrogen and helium. The cyclic process then restarts with the fusion of hydrogen and helium under the force of gravity. Therefore, with this cycle in place, several conditions are met to support the infinite universe and its non-expanding nature, with the first one being that protons do not decay. One of the widely accepted principles of the Big Bang theory is that protons decay. However, an experiment by Litchfield (1984) pointed to the possibility that protons do not decay. This argument supports the claim of an infinite universe because if protons do not decay, they can only be converted into hydrogen and helium
Introduction It is a well known fact that respiratory rates increase during moments of physical activity yet it must be noted that the subsequent increase in the amount of heartbeats per second differs from person to person (Drury, 2011). As explained by Santtila, Keijo, Laura & Heikki (2008), the average adult heart beats at roughly 60 to 100 times per minute with a subsequent 20 to 30 percent increase during moments of physical exertion (Santtila, Keijo, Laura & Heikki, 2008). This statistical average is different in the case of athletes who usually have hearts beats of 40 to 60 per minute with only a minor increase in the overall number of beats. Knez, Coombes, & Jenkins (2006) identifies the difference as being the result of variances in cardio-vascular endurance wherein athletes due to their greater amount of physical activity and endurance have far stronger heart muscles and a greater degree of oxygen saturation in their blood stream which causes a far lesser degree of stress on the body when performing various physically demanding activities (Knez, Coombes, & Jenkins, 2006). Taking such viewpoints into consideration the purpose of this particular paper is simple: to examine the difference between the heart rates of athletes and non-athletes before and after periods of physical exertion. For the purposes of this examination the 3 step test will be utilized which Obert et al. (2003) defines as one of the more plausible methods of differentiating between performance levels of athletes and non-athletes (Obert et al., 2003). The test will consist of the test subjects going up and down a raised platform at a particular rate to measure the resulting data from the physical activity. It is the hypothesis of this study that there will be a noticeable and measurable difference between the pulse rates of athletes and non-athletes when performing the same exercise at the same rate. Method and Materials For this particular experiment students were divided into six groups, there were four people in each group, and at least one member was an athlete and one was a non-athlete. The other two people were responsible for measuring pulse rates at the test subjects. One was also responsible for and usin
Introduction The following essay is the analysis of Porsche Dubai promotion strategy. The study contains suggestions on how the company may improve its integrated marketing communication program in order to increase its sales. The integrated marketing communication is a marketing strategy that incorporates all the aspects of marketing with an aim of increasing the brand visibility and sales. Market trend changes in different marketing strategies incorporated all together are crucial to ensure that the company promotes its products to boost its sales’ volume. The Analysis Porsche Dubai distributorship belongs to Al Nabooda Automobiles LLC that also owns the distributorship of other luxury cars, such as Audi and Lamborghini. The German based manufacturers of Porsche consider Dubai as one of the best markets for luxury cars due to its high population with high disposable income. The company, therefore, has its own approach to market Porsche vehicles in Dubai (Alnoor 6). After analyzing the marketing mix of the company communication strategies in Dubai, the following are the results brought out based on the work done by the company. It indicates that the organization’s results are achieved from the activities done in the company, which are intended to promote the brand and create a positive image (Alnoor 6). In marketing Porsche in Dubai, the produ
The role that women play in current issues has been put on the spotlight in the recent past. These include the role that women play in unions all over the world. In United Kingdom, women role in unions has been a subject of intense debate and has been documented in articles such as Gill Kirton’s “The Influences on Women Joining and Participating in Unions.” These articles puts spotlight on gender theory on maters of union participation especially by women. Kirton draws her conclusion from qualitative data derived from conclusive studies done on the level of participation of women in two of the largest UK trade unions. The article centres on four major concerns touching on women’s roles in union: family, union, work and feminism. Traditionally, family, union and profession played an important role on defining women’ role in unions but in the resent past, feminism has also emerges as a major influence on women joining and participation in unions. This article draws its conclusions from a survey conducted over three years ending in 2002 in tow of UKs largest Unions as well as critical reviews on the subjects of women participation in unions and concludes that the increase in the number of women participation in trade union is the result of industrial reorganization in UK. In this article Kirton (2005) focuses more on the factors that influence on women enrolment and joining of trade unions. The article highlights four major factors such as family background, the role of union experiences, feminism and professional experiences. Kirton (2005) asserts that not a single of these influences played a dominant role. These factors combine to influence women to join unions in the UK. The article rightly reports that even though education formed a big part in educating the UK working class about unionisation, family background played a significant role in women enrolment into unions. Women from families with union affiliation considered joining trade union as a natural occurrence. Kirton (2005) adds that negative perceptions from anti-unionist family background did little to prevent women members from such families joining union. Even though working in unuionisable contexts as well as family backgrounds encouraged women to join, residues of the traditional patriarchal influences still affect the joining and participation of women in union affairs. There is very little access by women to gender sensitive discourse in union affairs. The article strongly highlights the fact that women are discriminated in union based activities especially leadership. Furthermore, the initial resistance of women to identify themselves as feminist slowed the rate that the women joined unions. Kirton (2005) note though that feminist has had an effective role in not only increasi
Introduction The battle over whether or not women should work and remain working even after their children are born has been debated for nearly a century. At one time restricted from work, then encouraged to work and then restricted again, women discovered there was more to life than sacrificing any hopes of making a change in society in preference for the family and the home. To feel truly fulfilled, they discovered, they needed to have a chance at participating in the rest of the world without necessarily sacrificing their homes and families to do so. Since then, though, the American family has been seen to deteriorate, with increasing levels of divorce and single-family homes existing in poverty. Children are running wild through the streets, forming youth gangs, families and increasingly participating in violent behavior. Is this the result of women returning to work or something else? Today I will discuss the relative merits or disadvantages of women going to work. Body The traditional family is changing  1. Women were encouraged to work by the country in support of World War II and, in many cases, have found it necessary or preferable to work as a means of supporting their families (Gennari, 2008).  2. Women are healthier when they are taking an active part in life by both working and raising their families (Hirshman, 2006).  3. Part of the stress of the working mom family is based on a comparison with other families, but that comparison is changing “The rise of divorce in the late 20 th century will be a primary influence on the family in the century to come … 50 percent of marriages will end in court” (Wallis, 1996).  1.  Transition: Because these changes in the family occurred in conjunction with women returning to work, many tend to suggest that working women are contributing to the decline of society. Arguments against working women are losing strength  1. As a result of so many women going to work, the traditional family structure is in severe decline and may not survive into the next century (Wallis, 1996).  2. Equal rights for women has given them a chance for equal rights to pain and hardship while reducing men’s sense of responsibility to the family “The number of families headed by single women now stands as 12 percent overall and 46 percent among blacks” (Chavez, 1998).  3. The necessity for women to work outside the home is a misperception. According to Chavez (1998), women would not need to work outside the home if the social expectations for the middle class were not set so high.  1.  Transition: Clearly, many feel that there is a choice for women regarding whether or not they will work when their children are young. Whether it is an option or not, even with all expenses reduced to the minimum, it is still the founding principle of this country that everyone is guaranteed the freedom to pursue happiness which, for some women, is found in career fulfillment. Women should have the right to choose  1. Women have entered the workforce on men’s terms, meaning little adjustment has been made to accommodate the needs of the family. “Ma
Introduction Conrad Nicholas Hilton entered into business at the age of 21 after taking over his father’s stores. After a life in the military during the First World War, Conrad returned to New Mexico at the age of 31 to find his late father’s businesses ailing. He decided to venture into his own business. Conrad relocated to Texas with the aim of entering into banking but ended up buying a hotel. He would purchase more hotels in Texas thereafter following remarkable success. In 1946, he formed Hilton Hotel Corporation after expanding the hotel business in the whole of United States. However, the Second World War halted his growth shortly and rendered him bankrupt for some time. He expanded the company operations worldwide and renamed it into Hilton Hotels International Company. He ventured into other businesses such as credit cards and car rentals. He was tremendously successful in every financial venture he entered into before his natural death in 1979. Hilton had sharp business acumen. He had a great sense of direction and was goal-oriented. He once said that successful people keep moving and that there is connection between success and action. Even during calamities and slow business, Hilton remained strong and tenacious and was dedicated to his goals. He took risks, was persistent, and incessantly ambitious. Additionally, he was socially philanthropic and caring. This paper will take a close look at the life of Conrad Hilton to ascertain his leadership styles and connect his principles to the leadership styles (Scott-Halsell, Shumate and Blum, 2008). However, the author will analyze the two leadership styles that perfectly embody Conrad Hilton (Transformational and Transactional Leadership Styles) before connecting his life successes to them. Transformational Leadership Style This style touches on the higher levels of satisfaction In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs: self-actualization, fulfillment and esteem needs. Leaders in this category want to transcend the basic needs of a human being and to have a sense of life success. Sarros and Santora (2001) highlight four crucial characteristics that leaders in this category possess. These are individualized attention, inspirational impetus, intellectual stimulation, and idealized influence. The leaders pass on these traits to their followers and encourage growth and realization of their goals. According to Scott-Halsell, Shumate and Blum (2008), leaders in this category have a high sense of charisma. This refutes the notion that charismatic leaders have a transformation sense because the opposite is true. Individualized attention refers to a considerable amount of interest in one’s employees. Leaders realize that individuals are a crucial part of a success story and place considerable attention in their growth and motivation. They achieve this through delegation of tasks, encouraging two-way organizational communication, finding a way to work with different personalities, mentoring, and coaching programs (Eeden, Cilliers and
Description of the department and organization In the modern business environment, there are a number of challenges facing organizations in terms of compliance between different departments inside a single organization. In order to align the responsibilities of the employees with the level of their access to corporate information and prevent organizational risks of various nature, in Human Resources, there are a variety of Controls practices used (Purce, 2014). The main purpose of such techniques is to incorporate a sustainable change in the domains of organizational architecture. Specifically, those domains may include Tools, Technology, Information Processing, and Human Resources. The sample organization used as the subject of this design inquiry is Netflix, Inc. There are a number of crucial functions that a new department dealing with Controls Testing and the Compliance Process should administer due to the company’s constant need to update its architecture and protect various aspects of insider information. New department’s mission and objectives with respect to executing Controls Testing One of the most rapidly growing issues in the corporations nowadays is the problem of compliance that becomes more complex with enormous speed, and “because of regulatory requirements [it] can affect a company’s business processes, and moreover, these requirements are often vague and confusing (Cannon & Byers, 2006, p. 37). However, among the regulations that are of special importance in corporate architecture, there is Sarbanes-Oxley Act that can be used in the field of IT governance in relation to such domains as processes and information (Damianides, 2005). In such a way the objective of the controls testing is to ensure that not only all the regulations are strictly followed at the level of each of the domains, but also that they are compliant with one another and not confusing for the employees and users. Another important objective is the risk mitigation activities since the testing of various corporate controls will help in defining the most vulnerable areas in the corporate architecture, as well as the specifics of interactions between particular domains. In such a way, the overall mission of the activities associated with the controls testing and the compliance processes is to align the functioning of all the corporate domains with the organizational goals in such a way that the regulating and reporting process is clear and can be sustained on a regular basis. Critical Controls Testing activities the department will perform One of the key activities in terms of controls testing and the compliance process is to define the necessary regulations. Secondly, in order to manage controls testing and the compliance process, it is important to conduct the analysis to estimate “the organization’s internal environment and its congruence with the company’s overall internal environment” (Racz, Weippl, & Seufert, 2010, p. 157). In such a way, it would be possible to improve the interaction between different domains.