ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Student error often comes as a result of inattention to the differences between the knowledge they now acquire with the one they had prior to. Before students come into contact with new knowledge, it is an indisputable fact that they have a prior knowledge which is either related to it or not. Basically they have got a foundation on which they begin building on the new concepts and ideas that they are now being taught. They come to the classroom with these delusions and that any new modifications will unsettle what they already know. Mathematics teachers need to always try to stress the links between the prior and new knowledge so as to bring about a smooth transition of knowledge. The teachers ought to map out the requirements, in terms of materials and background information, for a particular lesson and explain to students the connection between the two extremes as well as outlining the importance of the two. Getting rid of these delusions cannot be realized by simply re-teaching the class or providing additional tuition. Pointing out to the learners where they get it wrong or where they can improve their knowledge will neither help. Identifying the misapprehensions among the learners and instantaneously zeroing in on a deliberate dialogue on it will prove to be a vital solution. Giving leading inquiries by employing an all round way of thinking is a preeminent answer. Both students and teachers equally contribute to the many misconceptions in mathematics. For instance in a maiden lesson they both perceive it as a fresh start to education in mathematical studies while the students are intrinsically aware that they possess prior knowledge and understanding. However some of this understanding is flawed and inappropriate. Moreover some learners hold detrimental principles regarding the study of mathematics as one of the pillars in gaining literacy. Using a teaching standpoint that encompasses indulging the learners to assist them identify erroneous understanding and deep held foregone conclusions would go a long way in halting these barriers sooner than hampering excellent education. Furthermore it is evident that the learners usually synthesize what they are taught in class to generate individualized significance. These deliberate actions to develop a framework for learning provides not a single chance to realize a great comprehension but for incomprehension as well. Teaching mathematics at all levels of learning regularly involves a lecture hall, learning room or laboratory tutoring in which the educator is regarded as a specialist in the field and the learners assumed to be acquiring the know-how. Flaws like this end up mystifying and annoying both the learners and the educators. Moreover, the learners’ stage of familiarity with mathematics and their attitudes to studying contribute to their uptake of new information and concepts as well as the impetus to work hard. Instructional a
Introduction The disability at the center of this research is an autism spectrum disorder. This impairment is frequently observed in children and might be diagnosed around the third year of life. According to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), autism is defined as “a developmental disability significantly affecting verbal and nonverbal communication and social interaction … that adversely affects a child’s educational performance” (“Sec. 300.8 Child with a disability,” 2017, para. 6). The overall growing occurrence of the disability amplifies the need for its thorough investigation with the utilization of already existing and progressively emerging approaches. Indeed, research shows that about 30% of children with autism are unable to participate in verbal communication until they are five years old (Chenausky, Norton, Tager-Flusberg, & Schlaug, 2016). It is vital to carry out substantial analysis of some applicable interventions capable of minimizing symptoms and improving the overall well-being of young individuals with an autism spectrum disorder. This paper aims to overview the main characteristics of the analyzed impairment, discuss its possible causes, and identify positive and negative aspects of speech therapy as a widely used intervention in combating autism. Characteristics Autism spectrum disorder is characterized by behavioral issues such as possible self-injury, eye contact avoidance, repetitive actions without purpose, hand-clapping, rotating, and others (Bahmani, Sarrafchi, Shirzad, & Rafieian-Kopaei, 2016). Also, individuals with autism experience resistance to any changes and an abnormal reaction to sensory influencers (“Sec. 300.8 Child with a disability,” 2017). Cognitive characteristics of the disability are connected with the overall difficulty of such an individual to socialize, use verbal and non-verbal language appropriately, and engage in a meaningful conversation (Chenausky et al., 2016). Moreover, children who learn words and practice speech often fail to communicate due to leading a “one-way rather than an interactive and mutual conversation” (Bahmani et al., 2016, p. 280). As for some emotional symptoms, patients with autism are usually emotionally unstable, show signs of sudden changes of mood, absence of fear of obvious risks, and overall emotional disturbance (Bahmani et al., 2016). The combination of these symptoms obstructs the proper development of a child as a decent member of soc
Introduction Introduction to the chapter Transition is the inevitable process of passing from one stage to another, where, the second stage is superior to the initial stage. Once nursing students have graduated from their studies, they have to undergo a transition from being nursing students to being professional medical practitioners, who can handle patients independently (Dyess, 2009). The transitional stage is very crucial as it enhances the growth and development of the nurses (Benner, 2004). Most nurses are likely to make use of the skills gained at this stage in their entire nursing role. The main aim of Saudi Arabia’s Ministry of Health (MOH) is to develop a health system with competent health care professionals, who can address the needs of the patients efficiently. Therefore, the ministry is employing all efforts to ensure that it recruits as many Saudis as possible into the medical field. Nurse transitional programs are playing a great role in ensuring that inexperienced nurses obtain the necessary exposure to their field of study. Indeed, the program ought to have the best practices that will enable the inexperienced nurses to fit into the nursing workforce (Garbett & McCormack, 2004). This research aims at finding out the implications of nurse transition in Saudi Arabia for the nurses, and the health care system. Introduction to the study The ministry of health established the nurse transition program with an intention of developing competent nurses into the healthcare systems. There is a probability that health care systems are experiencing the positive impacts of the nurse transition program. However, the transition program could be overwhelming to the nursing students. The students could be experiencing stresses due to workplace incivility and marginalization (Casey, Fink, Krugman, & Propst, 2004). There is a possibility that the students obtain inconsistent support from the co-workers and the hospital management team (Hillman & Foster, 2011). The entire study will seek answers to the following research question. What is meaning of nurse transition in Saudi Arabia, an
Introduction Biology and psychology help researchers, medical professionals and psychologists to understand the behavior of human beings and animals. Therefore, biological psychology is used to examine the behavior of the humans and animals in order to facilitate in the treatment of the brain. Biological psychology is also referred to as behavioral neural science, biopsychology, clinical neuropsychology, and physiological psychology. Biological psychologists use the knowledge that they acquire from psychology to help them treat mental illness cases efficiently. They also focus on issues related to mental processes and the manner in which they are initiated in the brain (Chavez, 2009). The goal of this paper therefore is to define biological psychology, dis
Introduction McFaul (p. 15) asserts that over the last decade, sex and violence has become a topic of discussion across various disciplines. For example, the film industry in United States has adopted sex and violence as a common theme to many movies (Donato, p. 4). “Sex refer to the act of having intercourse, while violence refers to abusive exercise of power on a person with the aim of violating, damaging or abusing somebody” (Storey, p. 1). On the other hand,” popular culture is defined as culture of the common people resulting from low or high culture influences” (Storey, p. 1). Examples of Essays on sex and violence in popular culture There are many essays that have been composed on the topic of sex and violence in popular culture. Some of these essays are practical, while others are unreasonable. One of the essays relating to sex and violence in popular culture that was accessed in this case was found to be very reasonable. This arises from the fact that it is not biased as it narrates of children being exposed to media programmes that are full of scenes of violence and people having sex (The New York Times, p. 7). In addition, it does not specify their gender identities making the essay not to favor either girls or boys. The author’s advice is that people ought to handle the two subjects carefully so as to protect the children. The essay is void of fallacies and contradictions and it uses a decent language to communicate its message. The second essay assessed in this case was found to be quite unreasonable. This is because” it narrates of instances of sexy females being used in entertainment pastime” (The New York Times, p. 7). On the other hand, “males were represented as heroes who could do anything they wanted “(The New York Times, p. 7). Fallacy is evident in the essay. Moreover, there is no explanation on how sex can contribute to fast growth. Additionally, the essay documents that sex can be visualized in different places. This statement is not clearly presented. The language that is used is also not clear. The third essay by Alexander written in 1990 is reasonable as it is void of bias and shows that bias is dangerous both to the society and to the young people. In addition, the mother of the two young boys goes on and gives her own experience after watching some violent movie. The essay is very logical, for instance, “it clearly indicates that it is not always true that something is right because everybody is doing it”. This is clearly shown by the fact that,” even though all the friends of the sons have watched Batman and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, the parents have refused their sons to watch it” (Alexander, p. 4). Additionally, there is no contradiction as most of the things written are what is happening today. Responsible language has been used in the essay. For example,” in explaining the parents’ concern on the well being of their sons, the essay states that the parents hope that their sons will not eat the forbidden fruit instead of just saying that they will not have sex” (Alexander, p. 3). The third essay written by Alexander proves to be reasonably and responsibly written. This is because” apart fr
Ginger Graham’s Personality, Values, and Attitudes Ginger Graham appears to be a personable and very empathetic person. The fact that employees find her approachable shows that it is easy and pleasant to talk to her. In addition, she has a very strong sense of empathy. This comes from the fact that she has chosen to live a diabetic lifestyle despite the fact that she does not suffer from diabetes. While it is arguable whether she is doing it for profit, the fact that it is not necessary for her to do it speaks volumes about her personality rather than her profit motive. The most striking value that she upholds is her sense of humanity. The case study shows her deep concerns for diabetics rather than profit. She took the decision to downsize rather than close down, which is always an option for a company going through financial difficulties. It demonstrates her determination to make life easier for diabetics no matter the cost. Her attitude is rather eccentric for a CEO. She does things that make her stand out in a peculiar way. Her choice of the fairy tale, the sleeping beauty, shows that she has a strong sense of meaning. She chose the fairy tale as a means of expressing the story of Amylin. The company endured several setbacks early on and went on to provide great promise. It produced a drug that will make the lives of diabetics easier, and in the process assure profitability for the company. Secondly, she is free-spirited and uninhibited. Her choices demonstrate that she does what she feels like and has no apologies to make. Her decision to participate in the rodeo, a male-dominated sport, and taking up a position as a sales executive in an agricultural products distribution company demonstrate her daring nature. Ginger Graham’s Emotional Intelligence There are various views on how best to measure emotional intelligence. The important issue in this is the determination of whether an individual has the capacity to map her own emotions, and the emotions of a group. In the case of Ginger Graham, she demonstrates a strong ability to figure out her emotions and the emotions of the people around her. Ginger Graham’s ability to manage her emotions showed in the way she handled negotiations to the point that she got what she wanted despite very difficult circumstances. Her determination to serve her clients when she worked for the agricultural products company as a sales executive is a testament to her mastery over her emotions. She withstood rejection and instead turned the client into a loyal customer over time. This demonstrates her capacity to control her emotions even while under pressure. On the other hand, her
In modern age it is vital to be competitive in order to achieve successes. With this in mind, it is possible to say that any company or organization should watch carefully the development of digital technologies and be able to implement them in its work. Resting on these facts, it seems that the usage of the Enterprise Recourse Planning in the work of Brandon Group seems to be quite reasonable step which could lead to significant increase of the efficiency of the company. ERP is a special kind of software which can allow a company to manage its business with the help of modern technologies which include integrated applications ( What is ERP – Enterprise Resource Planning? n.d.). With the help of this system more efficient functioning of services and human resources of the company could be achieved. That is why, it is obvious that the work of the Brandon group should be organized taking into account different possibilities which this new tool suggests. There is the evidence that implementation of this system was connected with some difficulties because of the lack of data and some software basis, however, taking into account the nature of this very service and perspectives which it suggests, it is possible to say, that further attempts should be done in order to align its efficient functioning. Different ERP applications can be customized in order to fit the best special conditions of this very company. Moreover, ERP solutions can promote integration of all systems into one and appearance of some new mechanisms of functioning of the company. However, another important modern technology should not also be forgotten. Customer relationship management (CRM) is a set of different applications and tools which are used to manage the data connected with the demands of customers, align their interaction and also improve employee, vendor and partner relationships (Beal n.d). Nowadays, systems of this sort are widely used by a great number of different companies and organizations. Moreover, CRM helps to make their work much more efficient (Rouse n.d). With this in mind, it is obvious. that the Brandon Group should be suggested to implement these elements into its functioning. One of the main difficulties connected with their implementation is connected with the process of transferring data from the OMD database to this one. Additionally, there are still difficulties connected with the absence of experience of its usage and, moreover, special kind of software which can promote efficient functioning of the whole company. Additionally, some CRM applications s
A hate crime is a crime which is perpetuated against an individual based on his or her membership to a certain group of people in the society. Hate crimes may include things like assault, murder, harassment and injuries. The grounds under which hate crimes may be committed include race, ethnicity, gender, age, nationality, political association, religion and one’s social status. Hate crime has got its history in the times of Nazism in which many Jews were exterminated in what has been explained by many international relations analysts as the worst genocide ever. After the World War II, hate crimes continued to persist, with the United States having the greatest number of cases of reported hate crimes mostly due to its diverse culture. The typical individual who commits hate crimes is usually motivated by prejudice and bias against a certain group of people depending on their characteristics which I have mentioned above. The individual is usually guided by innate hatred towards the victims, based on what he or she has learned or how he has been socialized to perceive the victims. Such an individual who commits hate crimes is usually different from the victims, especially in terms of colour, race, ethnicity and religion. The person is motivated by his or her prejudicial perception of the victims to commit the crimes against them. The perpetrator is also motivated by jealousy, ill intent, malice, jeopardy and the spirit of Nazism, which makes people have the feeling of wanting to eliminate those who are different from them. In the United States where the rates of hate crimes are high, the targets of hate crimes are the Black Americans followed by Hispanic Americans. This is because of racism, which portrays the Black Americans and Hispanic Americans as the minority. The hate crimes take the forms of violence, murder, harassment as well as discrimination in employment and leadership. In the United States, hate crimes also take the form of domestic violence mostly involving Black American woman married to husbands of the white ra
Body Mass Index This is also called the Quetelet index. It is a form of measurement that is used for calculating the fat content in the body of organisms. Weight gain is directly related to an increase in fat content in the body. It is not a percentage weight but just a number (Grosvenor and Smolin, 2010). In addition, the body mass index can be used to explain the thinness or thickness of a person. This measurement can give a nutritionist a green light on how to advise a patient on weight issues and how to go about managing the issues. This applies to both weighty and nonweighty people. BMI =Mass (Ib/) x 703/Height (In) =205×703/(69)2=30.4 Daily Energy Requirements Daily calories burned can only be calculated accurately using a physiological testing (James, 1990). Reggression analysis would provide a result as shown below: (13.75 x Wt) + (5 x Ht) – (6.76 x Age) + 66 = kcal/day = (13.75 x 205×703) + (5 x1.75×1.75)-(6.76 x38) +66 Daily energy requirements =1958 kcal/day or 8192kJ/day Energy Balance For Jack to maintain stable body weight, he needs to achieve energy. To get this balance, he needs to equalize the energy expended and energy ingested by his body. Weight gain or obesity results from reduced physical activity with increased intake of energy. Another reason could be occasional bouts of positive energy in the body. To gain this balance, it is important to have a check on the macronutrient intake rate. The body oxidizes macronutrients to achieve a homeostatic nature in normal individuals. However, the priority for oxidation is for the macronutrients (Wardlaw and Smith, 2009). Carbohydrates are easily oxidated followed by proteins and lastly fats. The oxidative priority for fat is low, therefore taking a fat-rich food will mean that the balance ratio is compromised. This would lead to imbalance hence weight gain. Jack will therefore need to increase his physical activity until it reaches the level of energy intake. This state is termed a steady-state or balanced state. A man weighing about 166Ibs should be 5’10’’ tall. If the guy weighs 106 pounds for 5 feet then he should add 6 pounds for each inch he adds. Report and Recommendations At the moment Jack is overweight. He has a condition that is not healthy to live with. To be overweight means that the body has a lot of stored fats. This can result in heart conditions that might result in a heart attack. In addition, it is associated with diabetes Mellitus which is type-two diabetes. Other conditions include osteoarthritis, Carcinoma disease, and respiratory problems. Weight loss options would be the best decision for Jack to deal with his condition. Jack needs to do a lot of exercise and eat the right type of food (Wardlaw and Smith, 2009). At times it is advisable to lose weight by control of diet then afterward one can do exercise normally. Moreover, Jack should be able to balance his energy intake and expenditure habits. He should neither have positive energy nor negat