ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Beowulf is one of the oldest and most symbolic anglo-Saxony poems. The main reason for this is that it combines many social and psychological problems at that time. To be more specific, king Beowulf is an important hero in English literature due to his mental qualities introduced during the fight with evil. These characteristics represent the author’s positive vision of Monk’s willingness to save the opinion about fighting with evil. To begin with, it is crucial to define three of the most memorable objects possessed by the main hero. Firstly, this is Beowulf’s armor, which represents the need to be protected even in everyday life due to the great danger when living in a warring society. More specifically, the conflict society is represented by the main negative heroes: Grendel and his mother. Secondly, the giant king’s sword, especially the hilt of it, is one of the most iconic objects that the main hero used. The main purpose of taking it even after it cannot provide the needed function is that the king must always remain the main person of the realm. Last but not least, Beowulf’s trophy that was taken after defeating Grendel shows his intentions to show to the world that the monster is dead forever. The willingness to save the opponent’s head describes the main hero’s braveness, which is one of the central features that is explained during the poem (Mitchell, 2017). Turning to the Monk’s intentions to save the memory of personal loyalty and determining the good and evil are represented throughout the whole poem. However, from the author’s perspective, the war between good and evil is disclosed in the aspect of the main hero’s struggling with the evil creature, which is not represented as a person. This might also proceed the theory about the author’s preference to determine the individual as a good person in the absolute meaning. Overall, the author represents three main objects held by king Beowulf: armor, the sword’s hilt, and Grendel’s head. They respectively represent the need to defend at that time, willingness to remain a king even if the weapon is completely destroyed, and demonstration of defeating the evil. Finally, the author’s main purpose was to present personal values and describe the evil as an inhuman creature. Reference Mitchell, S. (2017). Beowulf (1 st ed.). Amsterdam University Press.
Introduction Obesity is a condition of serious public health concern that leads to a high burden of disease. Different continents, states, counties, and communities have different prevalence and incidence rates, risk factors and intervention strategies for obesity. This paper places special focus on Dallas, Texas, as a target area for understanding the situation of obesity within the area, associated risk factors specific to the area, barriers, as well as ways to redress and prevent obesity within the area. Community Assessment The Dallas community, which is part of the larger Texas society, is characterized by a poor lifestyle in relation to dietary behavior and engagement in physical activity (National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 2012). The prevalence rate of obesity in Dallas is higher compared to that of the U.S., and Texas. The southern part of Dallas lacks adequate infrastructure and resources; hence, there is a great possibility that the prevalence of obesity is at its highest in this part of the county. Influential Factors Environmental Factors Food Desserts These seem to be the only environmental factor that leads to obesity, according to Dallas County Health and Human Services (2015). Lack of adequate and varied food stores in the financially deprived areas of Dallas makes it difficult for the population to access healthy foods. A study conducted by Powell-Wiley et al. (2013) supports this observation. What follows is an indulgement in unhealthy dietary behaviors. The high rate of food deserts in the southern region could be a major contributory factor to the inadequate consumption of fruits and vegetables within Dallas. Fruits and vegetables are important for weight management and reducing obesity. Socioeconomic Factors These factors seem to have a higher bearing on the prevalence of obesity than other factors. The Committee on Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention (2012) has also highlighted more of these factors in relation to obesity. Despite the fact that Dallas has a commendable economic strength, there are evident disparities in access to resources that subsequently influences the occurrence of obesity. In the southern part of Dallas County, and in various pockets of northern suburbans, employment rates are high and individuals wallow in substandard conditions. As a result, the populations in these areas lack access to basic needs, for example, healthcare. Sequentially, these individuals lack information on healthy living, and how to prevent obesity. Culture The population of Dallas fails to utilize the established parks alongside a variety of recreation options but instead adopts a sedentary lifestyle. Hence, this kind of lifestyle led to a 6.5% decline in physical activity in Dallas from 2006 to 2010 (Dallas County Health and Human Services, 2015). Barriers to Healthy Living Poor Perceptions and Attitudes Research tends to
Introduction “Scent of the Green Papaya” film shot by Tran Anh Hung takes place in Vietnam in the 1950s and narrates the story of poor young woman Mui who is a servant in a rich family. Mui observes everything around her as she grows older and becomes a beautiful woman. The viewer sees the life of Vietnam represented in the film through her eyes. I consider that the review of the film will contribute to a better understanding of the Vietnamese culture. Type of the Family The first point that should be noted is the type of family illustrated in the film. The viewer observes a drinking father and responsible mother, who runs both business and household. The family has three sons. Based on Robbins (2013) stating that “nuclear family is the group consisting of a father, a mother, and their biological or adopted children,” one might conclude that the family presented in the film is nuclear (p. 182). Eventually, the mother considers Mui as her daughter. The above emphasizes the matrilineal kinship system of the family when persons’ ties to their mother are underlined. Although, a traditional Vietnamese family sticks to patrilineal descent. Roles of Sexuality, Love, and Wealth The second point worth turning one’s attention is the roles of love and sexuality in the family. During the final part of the film, Mui falls in love with the pianist, the friend of the family, but he was engaged with another woman. On the contrary to the Western culture, where women try to attract men by their appearance or communication, Mui just observes him through the window. Only when her future husband notified her, Mui began talking to him. Further, the viewer sees a romantic scene full of beauty and love when the pianist teaches the young woman reading (The Scent Of Green Papaya, 2015). The example of Mui demonstrates that wealth is not so important as the majority of people used to think. Having no money and being a servant, she found true love. Personhood It should also be mentioned that Mui’s personhood is uncomplaining and all-seeing, she enjoys even simple things such as the sunset or the scent of green papaya. In this connection, her view of self is socio-centric, which is typical for Eastern cultures. The woman serves perfectly and quietly, caring more about the other people rather than about herself. Mui cannot imagine herself outside the society, namely, the family she lives in. How do Individuals Communicate their Identities to One Another “Scent of the Green Papaya” film reveals relationships within the family and Mui’s communication and identification with the family members. From early childhood, the girl learns family traditions and rules. The fact that Mui and the family belong to the same Vietnamese culture undoubtedly promoted the identification of Mui. As a result, she incorporated only the best qualities of the family, such as following traditions, patience, and meekness. Being a servant, Mui grew up in a wise and kind woman full of love to the world. Conclusion In conclusion, I would like to stress that I enjoyed the “Scent of the Green Papaya” film as it sh
Introduction The topic of Islamic politics in the context of Egypt and Algeria is a problem that requires an in-depth exploration. Over the last half of the century, Islam has become a focal point of reference to an extensive range of political activities and movements of opposition against the Western ideologies. Despite the commonly accepted view that politics should not be aligned with religion, Islam has been extensively used for the reinforcement of political purposes. For instance, the Muslim Brotherhood (a political party) in Egypt or the Islamic Salvation Front in Algeria have based their views on the Islamic ideologies to show their direct relationship to that religion. Egypt The Muslim Brotherhood was established in 1928 by Hasan al-Banna, and since that time, it began gaining momentum from Egyptians who were ideologically committed to reducing inequality and enhancing social responsibility. In 1990, Egypt started becoming a primary example of the dynamic relationship between Islam and society that had a tremendous impact on the process of democratization. Until the year 2011, the Muslim Brotherhood was an oppositional movement that acted against the former president Mubarak. However, due to the allowance of diverse opinions within the group, the Brotherhood has become more pragmatic and moderate in their views. In 2013, former President Mohamed Morsi (who belonged to the Muslim Brotherhood) did not make decisions without the input of the Brotherhood. Therefore, to some degree, the Muslim Brotherhood managed to attain political power and become a political entity that has influence the decision-making process. No longer its leaders focus only on promoting the religious agenda because such a strategy will not gain enough votes, so the language of politics that comes from the Muslim Brotherhood suppresses the religious rhetoric to have a wider influence on the Egyptian public. On the other hand, despite some lenience towards moderate directions, the Muslim Brotherhood still advocates for conservatism by communicating their religious vernacular in a way that will further their political position. Thus, the present message pushed by the Brotherhood is mixed since it simultaneously promotes conservatism while being willing to cooperate with the West and be more moderate. Algeria In Algeria, the unexpected rise of Islamism was surprising for Western societies; however, it was deeply rooted in the community itself. The Islamic Salvation Front stepped into the arena of Algerian politics in the 1980s to compete for power and displace the existing system of government by including under its banner the complete range of Islamist expression ranging from the old to the young, from moderates to militants, and from laymen to clergymen. Despite the contradictions in the political program, FIS accommodated for the democratic norms of the society. The unity that existed within FIS can be considered somewhat precarious due to its resting on the alliance of different soc
Dates (Birth/Death/Major Milestones) Benny Carter was born on the 8th day of August in 1907. He was an American jazz musician (Yanow, 168). He was a bandleader, an arranger as well as a music composer. He was also a clarinetist and a talented alto saxophonist. He later died on the 12th day of July 2003. The artist enjoyed and dominated eight decades of singing. In 1987, he won the Lifetime Achievement Award after successful nomination into the award’s category. He also won the Best Jazz Instrumental Solo award way back in 1994. However, he was a nominee in several Jazz and R&B categories such as the Best Jazz Instrumental Performance – Group and the Best Jazz Instrumental Solo in 1986 and 1993 respectively. Birthplace and Major Locations during the Life Benny Carter’s birthplace was in New York City. In 1935, the Jazz artist moved to Europe. His main purpose for relocating was to work for the British Broadcasting Corporation as a staff arranger and also join Lewis’s orchestra as a trumpet player. He traveled widely across Europe for three consecutive years while recording jazz music with other renowned artists in the region. In 1948, he returned home and shortly moved to Los Angeles. He formed a powerful orchestra team while in Los Angeles (Berger 77). Musical Training The Jazz artist was not trained in music at the initial stages of his career. However, he later joined concert, seminar and music classes at Princeton University after being convinced by Morroe Berger. The latter was a professor of Sociology at the institution. He was awarded an honorary masters degree in humanities by the institution. Performance Instruments Benny Carter was trained by his mother how to play piano at a very tender age. At the age of fifteen years, he was in a position to teach himself how to play piano and other instruments. The top bands in New York also professionalized his skills in singing and playing vital instruments (Martin 6). Historical Importance He strongly presented the beauty and value of music in three major genres, namely jazz, big band, and the swing. Writing or Composing Styles The artist wrote the songs by himself. There were limited songs that were co-written in his large collection of musical compositions. Method of Composing He performed in group bands. He was also a soloist who composed and performed in large orchestras. Interesting Facts   * He divorced three times and finally settled with the fifth wife   * He was the only male in a family of six children.   * He was also referred to as the king by other musicians and fans of his music. Interactions   * He intensively interacted with the top bands in New York during his early life in a music career.   * He interacted with Miley, who was a superb player of the trumpet.   * The artist worked with BBC as a music arranger. Major Types of Compositions He was a music arranger, a sideman, songwriter, and bandleader. Occupation Benny Carter made a living as a musical arranger, composer, leader of various bands, and an outstanding musician. Family Life The Jazz artist married in 1925 althou
Abstract The issue of equal education opportunities, as well as equity in job prospects, has been brewing for quite long in the society. Despite the admittedly positive effects, which feminist movements have led to, women did not gain all the rights that they were entitled to instantly – quite on the contrary, the fight for equity has been going on for centuries, and it still continues. Although democracy principles have been established within the realm of education and politics in Europe and the U.S., women still suffer from lack of education opportunities and underrepresentation in government, not to mention the fact that female rights still remain a major issue in a range of states because of their cultural specifics. A closer look at the factors leading to gender inequality in education and politics will help find a viable solution to the problem. Introduction: Fighting for Women’s Rights Though in the 21 st century, women have attained a major success in the fight for their freedoms, in range of states, basic rights of women, including the right to be educated and participate in the political life of the state, are infringed. The lack of equity in the specified areas affect women’s lives on range of levels, depriving them of the opportunities that they are supposed to be entitled to and posing a tangible threat to the rights of women all over the world. A closer look at the causes of the lack of equity will provide an insight on the possible methods of addressing the problem; herein the reason for the research to be conducted lies. Women and Education: When Traditions Stand in the Way of Progress According to the set human rights, which are currently considered the basis for a democratic state to be built on, both men and women must be provided with decent education opportunities; in other words, the students of both genders are to be allowed to attend a public school. However, in a range of states, including Iran (Rezai-Rashti & Moghadam, 2011), Brazil (Stromquist & Monkman, 2014), Japan (Lam, 2012), etc., even basic education for women is not considered necessary. Moreover, women face gender prejudices in education even in democratic states, such as the United States (England, 2010); according to the recent data, in 2007, only 80% of female college graduates and 47% of female high school graduates were employed (England, 2010, p. 153). Women and Politics: What It Takes to Become a Government Member The same gender profiling issue occurs in the field of politics, unfortunately. Recent reports claim that the number of women. This lends a lot of credence to the theory regarding the persistence of gender profiling phenomenon within a range of modern political institutions all over the world (Fox & Lawless, 2011). The phenomenon i
Last Saturday, May 7, 2011, a Sofitel chambermaid entered a $3000 per night suite because she was instructed to clean it. But when she was inside she was confronted with a man without clothes and immediately this person started attacking her. She was dragged to a nearby bedroom and when the man tried to remove her underwear she was able to fight back and escape. It was later found out that the man was no ordinary pervert for he is Dominique Strauss-Khan, the 62 year old head of the International Monetary Fund or the IMF (CNN Wire Staff, 2011, p.1). This study attempts to examine the report by CNN.com and analyze how data was used and how it can shape the opinion of the readers. Quality of Information The first thing that comes to mind is the source of the information. This news article did not come from a tabloid or any gossip column. This news article comes from CNN, through its official website CNN.com (CNN Wire Staff, 2011, p.1). It immediately creates a sense of assurance within the reader that information coming from this source is reliable and not based on baseless accusation or a product of a writer’s imagination. CNN has an organization has a well earned reputation of being an objective source of information that those who visit their website are assured that they have reporters who are trained to get raw information and then process it to produce news that can be relied upon for its accuracy. The same thing can be said about the report on Strauss-Khan and his alleged criminal offense. The high quality of information provides an objective view of the case. The reporter did not try to arouse the emotions of the reader. As much as possible the reporter focused only on the facts of the case. Later on it will be pointed out why the reporter chose to interview this person as opposed to interviewing someone with merely an opinion or a casual observation of what happened. Methodology The reporter who wrote the news article did not simply rely on the work of others. Secondary information is not the core foundation of the article. A reporter went after people that have first-hand knowledge about the incident. Thus, the reporter had a direct line of communication with the alleged perpetrator’s lawyers Benjamin Brafman and William Taylor. By doing so the reporter was able to discover a crucial piece of news, Strauss-Khan will plead not guilty. The reporter also used investigative techniques to interview Deputy New York Commissioner Paul Browne in order to get relevant and accurate data about the case. In other words the reporter is expected to receive nothing less than official statements regarding the role of the police in the apprehension of Strauss-Khan. This also serves as a way to verify the process used to determine if there is a strong case against the IMF head. It is important to establish an airtight case against Strauss-Khan because he is cons
Introduction Since the start of the internet boom, in the early nineties, there has been a significant growth in the number of networked people. In fact, the number of networked people has increased from a few million people, in the early nineties, to a few billion people in the 2000s. A formidable force that has increased the number of people who are online is the growth of social media. Indeed, social media has attracted many actors in the political sphere (including nongovernmental organizations, regular citizens, and even governments). This development raises important questions for different governments because it makes them think of how such online developments affect their state interests and how they can position their foreign policies to benefit from such developments. As the telecommunication landscape becomes sophisticated and concentrated, people are enjoying more access to information and better ways of airing their grievances. As seen from recent developments in the Middle East, social media has prompted politicians to change their strategies to take advantage of this new communication landscape. For example, in Vanilla, social media increased the pressure on politicians to avoid loosely coordinated politics and adopt a more effective approach for communicating their strategies and actions, for the betterment of their people. In other parts of the world, social media has led to government changes and democratic reforms. People have also used social media to express dissatisfaction with poor governance, as a demand for better leadership. Such was the case in the Philippines when parliament impeached President Joseph Estrada. Initially, during his hearing, the Philippine congress ruled that the government would not present crucial evidence against the impeached preside