ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Alexander III of Macedon was a Greek king. He is popularly referred to as Alexander the great. He is recorded to be the most celebrated member amongst those of the Argead Dynasty. He established one of the largest known empires of the time (in the ancient history). He was born in 356 BC and was a great student of the infamous philosopher, Aristotle. He succeeded his father, Phillip II Macedon in 336 BC after being assassinated; Alexander the Great reigned between 336 and 323 BC, inclusive. Even though his reign was short, the cultural effects of his conquest lived for many centuries and even todate, his legacy is still evident. What made Alexander the Great a legend in history? Alexander the great is actually amongst the most enthralling personalities in the history of mankind. He was involved in conquest of many territories. What makes him greatly admired is t he fact that, besides his own father’s territory, he conquered many territories on his own with the help of his strong army. The sight of the assassination of his father is said to have possibly haunted him for the rest of his life, both as a king and during his private life. After the assassination of his father and the subsequent ascension to kingship, he learnt not to trust anyone including the personally appointed bodyguard (Hammond 27). One of his most important gifts was his oratory skills which any leader who wants to succeed must possess. He managed to solicit for the support and good will of his community members (the kingdom subjects) who were followers of his late father. In fact, he pursued the policies of his father besides coming up with his own (Hammond 27). The greatness of Alexander the Great could be realized during his childhood; his father bought a stallion that later came to prove untamable. As a young boy, Alexander started a 126 year long relationship with the stallion; during the period Alexander managed to tame it hence attracting the compliment of his father. In fact the father said that the kingdom was small for him (Hammond 1). His father’s compliment could have been o
Introduction The subject of human behavior has been a complex issue but with improved cognition, it has become an interesting field of study. Reducing anxiety and depression comes under a very interesting field of study; sports psychology. It is interesting to find out that sports relate directly to human behavior and feelings like depression, apprehension, and anxiety among other issues. Psychology plays a critical role in creation of good health and increased fitness in individuals. Even though this process may seem foreign in some quarters of life, the process is very simple with a clear understanding of sports psychology. This may explain in part the mushrooming gyms across the world. More people are registering in these gyms to exercise from time to time. Anxiety and depression are states of mind qualified by negative self-appraisal, sense of defeat, and hopelessness among other derailing elements of the self (Landers, 2006). The big question remains; how does exercise alleviate these conditions and restore one’s confidence and sense of worth? Well, that is what sports psychology deals with as discussed next. Reducing Anxiety and Depression with Exercise As aforementioned in this paper, both anxiety and depression stem from the negativity that emanates from demands exceeding one’s ability to respond adequately. Even though the relationship between anxiety/depression reduction and exercise is not clear-cut, studies have indicated a strong link between the two. Researchers have put forward postulations to explain this relationship. In today’s fast-paced world where things are moving too fast to comprehend, anxiety and depression levels are on the increase. To counter these effects, we need to understand how exercise works to reduce anxiety and depression. How does exercise work to alleviate these conditions? According to Mayo Clinic Staff (2009), exercise helps to reduce depression and anxiety by releasing neurotransmitters and endorphins. These chemicals cause an individual to feel good. Exercise increases the release of dopamine: a substance that fosters the ability to obtain some sense of pleasure (Nemade, Reiss and Dombeck, 2007). Depression and anxiety lead to a lack of pleasure that dopamine essentially works to provide. Exercise also helps to cut down immune system chemical substances associated with depression. Even though depression and anxiety greatly affect one’s mind, the body responds by producing chemicals like cytokines and steroids that support this state of mind. Research indicates that exercise reduces these chemical substances substantially (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2009
Operations Plan The operational plan for Full of Life beverages will describe the structure of the organization and how each process will be carried out with regards to the strategies presented in the business plan for transforming a small family business into a large-scale beverage manufacturer. First, it is important to discuss the location of the production plant. Since the company has started operating as a family business, its location will include an office in the local area and the production plant located on the outskirts of the town to account for the effects of the manufacturing on the environment. The advantages of the office location include the relative proximity to business offices of other companies; however, a significant disadvantage is a fact that the production plant will be located quite far from the central office of Full of Life. It is expected that the central office will be of approximately 100 square meters; the production plant will begin as a three-level building, which will be divided into production sectors for increased convenience. The competitive advantage of the company will be associated with the increased attention to customer relationships and smart product development targeted at seasonality and variation regarding business-level strategies as well as the implementation of JIT inventory, efficient manufacturing and distribution regarding the functional level. Supply and Inventory Management The key aspect of the supply and inventory management will be associated with the control of fruit and vegetables provided by local farmers. It is noteworthy that the supply of products will vary depending on seasonality, so the Full of Life management should focus on the process of preliminary planning for future seasons to make sure that the production plant is stocked on the needed ingredients to produce beverages without any disruptions. Just-in-time inventory is the most appropriate strategy for Full of Life since fruit and vegetables tend to spoil fast; the company’s inventory managers should keep in mind the production’s demand
The population of the USA is very diverse, as the country is a home for numerous minorities. Significant demographic changes associated with the increased amount of tourists, expatriates, and immigrants require providers to understand their values and beliefs. In this way, they can develop positive patient-provider relationships and improve the quality of care. Even though some initiatives aimed at the development of cultural diversity in healthcare have been already implemented, they are not enough to meet the need of all patients. Thus, there is a critical necessity to improve this situation. On the basis of this information the following research question can be developed: what are the most important steps that should be made by healthcare management to enhance cultural diversity in the sphere and meet the needs of minorities? According to Leininger’s culture care theory, healthcare professionals are to learn about and adapt to people’s everyday way of life, their health issues, and beliefs in order to meet their needs and facilitate the improvement of their health condition. In this way, it is vital to consider “culture care preservation and or maintenance, culture care accommodation and or negotiation and culture care restructuring and or repatterning” (Russell et al. 1). In addition to that, Papadopoulos, Tilki, and Taylor state that the successful development of cultural competence can be achieved when its four components are addressed, including “1) cultural awareness, 2) cultural knowledge, 3) cultural sensitivity and 4) cultural practice” (Kouta et al. 2). Thus, the topic of interest is supported by Leininger’s culture care theory and Papadopoulos, Tilki, and Taylor’s model. Both of them emphasize the necessity of providing culturally competent care and services to patients. Literature Review Changing demographics of the USA requires healthcare professionals improve cultural diversity, as the representatives of the U.S. Census Bureau believe that minorities will turn into majorities in less than 40 years, and the country will be full of Hispanics, Africans, and Asians, etc. (King). All these people have particular views and believe that are inherited due to their cultures and affect their decision-making associated with healthcare. In order to provide the best possible services, practitioners need to understand and accept different ideas: instead of emphasizing the necessity to follow their recommendations even though they interfere with people’s beliefs, they should adapt to culturally diverse client population. Healthcare management teams can implement numerous initiatives to facilitate this process. In order to promote cultural competence in a healthcare organization, its management should develop training programs for health practitioners, ensuring that all of them learn information about US minorities (Health Research & Educational Trust 3). Moreover, specific education aimed at the development of patients’ understanding of the way healthcare system works can be advantageous. Nevertheless, the main focus should focus on physicians
Introduction The assertion that the global corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities of many Multinational Corporations (MNCs) are failing to make a sufficient contribution towards Sustainable Development (SD) is true. Some people argue that the above statement is true because businesses’ social and environmental activities are often not connecting legitimately with the societies they operate in. ISO 26000:2010 was developed to help MNCs achieve sustainable development through a multi-tier reporting channel (United Nations, 2015; Hahn, 2013). Financial performance and overall success in corporate institutions are among the most influential factors for investors seeking to pump their money into new opportunities (Whiteman et al., 2015, p. 307; WCED, 1987). Over the years, corporate have registered groundbreaking profits and losses, which depend on their management practices and policies. The performance of business cooperation is influenced by several factors, including leadership, research, and development, monopoly practices, community engagement, social responsibility, and strategic planning, to mention a few. Today, global warming and climate change are big challenges facing the world. Experts agree that human activities mainly cause climate change, mainly focused on energy and transportation (Banerjee, 2008, p. 1541). Most companies depend on national power grids or fossil fuels to run their operations which contributes immensely to the emission of greenhouse gases. The companies contribute to national development and environmental conservation through the payment of taxes and social activities. However, it does not tally with the impact of their activities on the environment (Browne & Nuttall, 2013). The social contribution of MNCs begins with the ways they handle their employees, customers, and the host community. Communication and reporting among employees and management are key driving factors to the positive performance of an organization. Also, the nature of working conditions determines whether employees feel motivated or demotivated and significantly affects their output at the personal, team, and cooperate levels. Corporations have adopted multi-tier reporting strategies to assess their sustainability in different ways ( GRI, 2013; GRI, 2017). Financial reporting is the conventional way of measuring business performance and presents its pros and cons. The Purpose of Cooperate Social Responsibility (CSR) CSR was proposed several decades down the line and used to improve the company’s image before the general public. Due to the dynamic landscape of the current competitive markets, companies need to take approaches to improve their grip on their market share (Browne et al., 2015). As a result, companies adapt to work in a manner that adds value acceptable to the community ethics and environment preservation standards (ISO 2011; ISO 2013; ISO 2016). Thus, the company pays close attention to community needs and culture, human rights, and its immediate environment. Ethical practices give companies an upper hand
Themes of Self-Sacrifice and Love in the Iliad Easily seen is the strength that is given from Zeus to mortals either in those into whose hands he gives the surpassing glory, or those he diminishes and will not defend them as now he diminishes the strength of the Argives, and helps us. Fight on then by the ships together. He who among you finds by spear thrown or spear thrust his death and destiny, let him die. He has no dishonour when he dies defending his country, for then his wife shall be saved and his children afterwards, and his house and property shall not be damaged, if the Achaians must go away with their ships to the beloved land of their fathers. (Lattimore, the Iliad of Homer , 490-499) Ancient Greek myths are a reflection of the culture and moral principles that existed at that time. Despite bloody wars and violent conflicts, literary works also show interpersonal relationships based on love and respect. The Iliad is a legendary book that describes Achilles’ wrath and a quarrel with Agamemnon. Further social and divine separation shows people’s commitment to their communities and faith. This passage was chosen because it reveals the core of the ancient world’s culture and the moral rules of the time. It shows that death in the name of the welfare of loved ones, preservation of material values, and protecting the native land is not dishonorable. Social traditions, religion, and family relationships characterize the well-being of communities. Ancient Greece is associated with violent games, wars, and idols who participate in people’s lives. Nevertheless, ancient Greek mythology allows one to analyze the actual reasons for adherence to the supernatural and what role fate plays in everyday activities. It is worth noting that the Iliad demonstrates people’s belief that their public, private, and career lives are god-determined, and no one can interfere with this process. This passage shows Zeus’s role in the war, who was able to control the balance of power, as seen in the first two lines (Lattimore 322). God influenced the Argives and played down their power while helping the opposite side. It is essential to understand that Zeus helped Achilles at the request of Thetis, which initially did not imply a desire to establish social justice. However, this passage is intriguing because the bloody war brought the love for relatives and self-sacrifice, representing a particular paradox. Zeus ordered the soldiers to fight together and remember those who remained on land. The second part of the passage shows how family ties and loyalty to the community motivated people to fight. The conflict between Achilles and Agamemnon seems to be the spark that prompted the ancient Greeks to fight the Argives. In turn, it is an exciting part of the passage as it introduces the theme of honor and destiny as interrelated concepts. It is worth noting that family loyalty determines the strategy of act
The oil industry heavily depends on quality supply chain management. The reason is simple: the industry is deeply integrated into a global supply chain, and it requires seamless integration of all supply chain management techniques to operate effectively. ADMA-OPCO is the company with 50 years of history of the successful offshore oil extraction operations that develops and evolves according to the needs of the modern oil industry (ADMA-OPCO para. 1). The company is also successful in applying the most advanced project management techniques needed to assure the company’s success on the market (Stettina & Horz 147). Contemporary technologies provide the managers with numerous opportunities to initialize, develop, implement, and control a project and the process of its implementation. ADMA-OPCO utilizes an agile approach to managing its current and future projects because it is the most suitable instrument considering the speed of changes in the modern world (Ren, Yeo & Ren 85; Sharifi, Ismail & Reid 1080). Alternative energy sources, various global trends, and emerging conflicts in the oil extraction areas, the ongoing political tension in the Eastern Region, and other issues make oil companies watch the quickly changing trends very attentively. The major challenges in managing supply chain projects today are keeping the balance between the stock and procured materials/products, assuring the timely and correct just-in-time purchasing, and agile global sourcing (Porananond & Thawesaengskulthai 110; Schindler & Eppler 220). It is important to have competent and experienced personnel as well as senior management who would be ready the respond to the upcoming issues accordingly. ADMA-OPCO hires only the best professionals in this area to assure the steady development of the company. Today, ADMA-OPCO’s supply chain management operations assure the appropriate procurement services and control over the inventory via the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system, MAXIMO (ADMA-OPCO para. 4). The system allows us to manage the requirements for materials’ supplies, control the available stock, and control the spares the company has at the central base of supplies at Mussafah and several other warehouses that are located nearby. Additionally, MAXIMO is used to maintain data in catalogs to ensure that all materials have appropriate specifications, and they are procure
How would the Watergate scandal have affected your perception of government power? The signing of the antiballistic missile treaty with Soviet Union was not a wise action for Nixon. This treaty was worse of than the unilateral disarmament, because it only restricted our ability of United States to defend itself, though the treaty was later ended by George bush. In fact, apart from this policy, the Americans believed that there were a number of other misleading policies that were put in records during the Nixon era (Niskanem, 1998). Watergate scandal had many impacts on the American government and its people. There were a large number of convictions and much other causality that resulted from the Watergate scandal. For instance, there were alterations in campaign finance reform. The media too became more aggressive in their investigations and unraveling of scandals in the government (Davidson, 2006 p.23). The 25 th anniversary of the Watergate scandal was realized in 1997 and it was evident that many books were published about this scandal and films too were developed on the same. The influence of Watergate scandal was also felt during the 1998/99 impeachment of bill Clinton. How do you think the influence of Watergate has contributed to reporters’ boldness? The Watergate scandal is currently associated to the cynical attitude that many Americans have developed towards politicians and the government. The media was influenced by the aftermath of the Watergate scandal as it gained confidence and a more aggressive approach to investigating and unraveling of scandals in the government in an attempt to facilitate transparency in governance and becoming an effective watch dog of the government. The scandal was unraveled by one of the media groups the Washington post reporters. This unveiling led to emergence of investigative reporter teams on news papers and television around the world. Due to the boldness of the two reporters of the Washington based newspaper; the country was able to unravel the hidden corruption scandal which could cost the nation a lot of tax payers money. Due to unraveling of this scandal, the media reports became more aggressive and bold on corruption cases and bad governance (Niskanem, 1998). Their aggressiveness is necessary for the purpose of watching government officials and reporting crooked transactions to the public. The removal of Nixon showed a series of accountability processes. Though the president was serving a fixed term in office, he was accountable to the House of Representatives (Niskanem, 1998). This house directly represents recent opinions of the public. The president can only be removed by the senate comprising of senators representing states of varied population and this would be abiding by the federal values of
According to Johnston (n.d), bone healing after a fracture undergoes the reactive, reparative, and remodeling stages. However, healing may be complicated because of bleeding disorders and surgical risks. According to Johnston (n.d), the reactive bone healing stage lasts for two to three weeks. This is a very painful and inflaming stage. When healing starts, hematoma, the extravascular blood clot, which forms around the injured site because of the death of blood cells, constricts the flow of blood. Within the fractured area, fibrocartilaginous callus develop and replicate, forming granulation tissue which seals the fractured area (Browner, Jupiter, Levine & Trafton, 2002). That leads to the second reparative stage. At this stage, periosteum replicates and transforms to chondroblasts, which bridge the fracture. The phase takes between four and eight weeks. The tissues formed at this stage grow into fracture callus and form heterogeneous tissues. The remodeling stage comes last and involves the fractured site remodeling itself and correcting deformities a result of the fracture. The stage takes one to several years (Browner, Jupiter, Levine & Trafton, 2002). However, fracture healing can be complicated by a number of factors. One of the factors includes bleeding disorders which are caused by neurovascular injuries. Neurovascular injuries result from severe fractures, which damages the veins and nerves within the injured area. Another complication is caused by surgical disorders. Surgical disorders can be as a result of obesity, smoking, and poor nutrition (Sammarco & Chang, 2002). In conclusion, bone fractures take a few weeks to several years to heal completely. However, there are a number of complications in the healing process that the patient and the doctor need to address.