ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Immigration is a life change generally made in order to improve the immigrants’ overall well-being. Since the country’s inception, media headlines and political debates have cried for immigration reform, specifically regarding the quantity and country of origin of entering immigrants. The student population of immigrants is diverse in its nature, country of origin, and purpose of immigration. Students coming to America differ in their country of origin and social class but have similar life expectations and purposes of education. The main difference between students’ immigrants is found in their origin and background. Within socialist countries, nations differed substantially in the level of total immigration between 1970-1990. The values of the immigration measure range from a minimum of 17 to a maximum of 209,237. The same pattern of a large variation in total immigration holds for capitalist countries as indicated by the standard deviation of 45,206 for the immigration. Critics admit that such socialist countries as Russia and Slovenia sent a large number of students to study in the United States while other socialist countries including Poland and the Czech republic sent very few. The range of this variable is 2 to 6,490. However, there are a number of exceptions. For instance, all scales related to political and individual freedom (e.g., the political rights scale) display limited variations with smaller means. This suggests that socialist countries had lower degrees of freedom and that most of them were pretty similar in this aspect. In contrast to former socialist countries, capitalist countries sent few students to America (Borjas 28). Immigrants differ in their purpose of immigration and life choice. For many students coming from Asian and post-soviet countries, the aim of immigration is to stay in the USA while European students want to receive good knowledge in technical and management spheres. There are some important changes taking place that will affect how adult and community education can and will develop. The first and most obvious of these is demographic change. The average age of the populations of developed countries is tending to shift upwards. The twin factors of immigration and greater longevity are creating an aging populatio
Introduction Freedom of choice comprises one of the constituents of a wider debate going to the society under the umbrella of human rights. Fight for human rights constitute an activity whose effort has been in scenes of many states over the globe for many years. The fight takes many forms. The major ones involve straggles for the establishment of forms of governance recognizing the importance of all individuals irrespective of gender, race or political affiliations. However, much of the efforts have involved strain to achieve equal treatment for women as opposed to men. Men have traditionally in many society settings perceived as chauvinists. They treat women disrespectfully and believe hardly can anything good come from women. Toward the end of Atwood’s novel, she shed light that Offred entered the van thinking “Whether this is my end or a new beginning, I have no way of knowing: I have given myself over into the hands of strangers, because it cannot be helped” (Atwood 320). In the state of Gilead, women are perceived as neither a group of people who have no right to determine what is not right for them nor the repercussions of their forced acts. To establish an ecological niche for women to thrive in, feminists aim persistently to give women a voice in the society and empower them to obtain an opportunity to share the same cake laid on a dining table dominated by men. The topic of women’s place in the society given the psychological, biological and societal roles places a query on whether women deserve equitable share with men in terms of social responsibilities. Nevertheless, scrutiny of the society and its upheld norms unveils much segregation: not through one’s choice, in terms of duties attributable to women. Consequently, addressing individual’s freedom of choice rights is crucial. The phrase freedom of choice attracts many definitions. Chalko defines it as the “right to exercise ones freedoms in any manner one may choose except where such act may not obstruct or prevent others from exercising their freedoms, put oneself in danger or exceed statutory limit” (Chalko 20). Freedom of choices confers one with the ability to make decisions on indulgencies that are of one’s individual good. Freedom of choice has been endorsed by formulation of polices and putting into place the appropriate statutory rules to govern individual rights to make decisions that are for the individual’s good. For instance, in US, under freedom of choice section 2 subsection (2) women are conferred with the capacity to make decisions on whether to commence, continue, terminate or prevent pregnancy in consultation with the an experienced medical practitioner and her loved ones without the slightest governmental interference. Definitely, such a provision is completely anonymous to the Gilead’s society. Importance of freedom of choice Freedom of choice distinguishes an individual completely from all other people. Anything that sabotages or compromises the intellectual capacity of an individual constitutes the worst enemy of the universe. Thinking of an attempt to inculcate a fear of death, hell, God or any other fear you may think of into a
Introduction The integration of IT in the business processes of a company became a commonly used method to overcome particular problems in the company’s functioning. In that regard, it can be stated that the answer to whether such integration can live up to the expectations of the management can depend on different factors, among which is the nature of the problems that the company is facing. This paper analyzes the aforementioned statement based on the case study of Palm Island Restaurant, in which a decision should be made regarding a proposal to use an information system to solve an initial problem of profit decrease and the customers’ dissatisfaction. The paper creates a working system for the aforementioned case, summarizes the restaurant’s value chain, and the impact of IT on this chain stating that “the proposed information system accomplishes little in solving Palm Island Restaurant’s problems.” Analysis Work System Creating the Work System (WS) for the restaurant, a definition of the WS in general should outline the main approach in analyzing the proposed change. In that regard, “[a] work system is a system in which human participants and/or machines perform business processes using information, technologies, and other resources to produce products and/or services for internal or external customers” (Alter, 2002b). Accordingly, the work system that will be created will demonstrate the system without the IS in work. Thus, in order to clearly define the WS in this case, a snapshot of the system will identify the main stages, participants and processes in the work system. Based on WS framework the work system will include the following:   * Participants – the participants in the case are the staff members of the restaurant, including waiters, kitchen staff, sales and accounting personnel, and reception personnel (if any). Basically, the participants are those who participate in any of the business processes indicated below.   * Information – this term implies the type of information created and exchanged by/between the participants of WS. The i
Trying to understand the ideas of the past is not the exercise in futility that many people seem to believe it to be. By understanding the thought and ideas that have shaped the past, we can begin to understand how we came to believe in a particular set of ideas that are either fundamentally based on the assumptions of our forebears or are a direct reaction against them. Although we tend to look at the ideas of the past as naïve and simplistic, it is sometimes surprising to discover just how many of these ideas continue to shape our thinking today. One of the areas in which we continue to be strongly influenced by the ideas of the past without truly questioning why we think the way we do is in the area of magic, particularly as it relates to science and religion. While we seem to make a clear distinction between these fields today, an investigation into how these terms were distinguished and practiced in the middle ages reveals that we don’t really have any more defined ideas of the division line between these concepts than our ancestors did almost 1000 years ago. The common impression of medieval thought is that there wasn’t too much thought to go around: most citizens of the medieval period were ignorant buffoons who believed any outlandish claim made while the educated used their knowledge to prey on the weak. However, Richard Kieckhefer’s book Magic in the Middle Ages demonstrates that the ideas of magic, religion, and science experienced a great deal of investigative thought and skepticism among the educated and the ignorant alike. The purposes of Kieckhefer’s book are to explore the concepts of magic as they were understood by the people of the middle ages, whether they were of the educated minority or the largely uneducated majority. In making this exploration, the author attempts to provide a starting definition of what was meant by the term magic acknowledging that these definitions were ambiguous at best both within the culture and throughout history and imprecise in their application to various practices. In addition to attempting to discover a particular definition of what falls under the classification of ‘magic’, the book also attempts to discover which elements of society actually practiced magic. This, again, is imprecise due to the changeable nature of the definition of the term. Under one definition, the miracles of Christ would be considered nothing less than magic, but under another definition, it is decidedly something different because of its association with the one true God. In exploring this seeming contradiction, Kieckhefer discusses the perceived differences between natural magic as a manifestation of the principles of the earth and the substances on it as compared to demonic magic which depends upon coercion of demons in order to accomplish its objectives. Again, though, these distinctions are not hard and fast rules and boundaries between one and another shifted easily depending upon individual interpretation. This interpretation often depended upon how the church viewed the various practices, whether
Introduction Health care is a policy that the public sector cannot afford to shy away from at all circumstances. Any country that is mindful of development needs a healthy population to achieve its vision. Healthy individuals translate into a healthy nation. If a nation were to be likened to a machine, then people would be the different parts that make up the machine. Therefore, if one of the components making the machine is faulty, then the entire machine becomes faulty. The same way, if people in a nation are ailing, the nation cannot function optimally and this insight underscores the need to have a health public policy. The health care sector is divided into two broad categories, which include the one intended at keeping people healthy and the other intended at restoring health or cure. All activities concerning people behavioral health is part of public health or the other category. Behavioral health may include activities like smoking, eating, or alcohol whereby, if people would make the right choices they would be healthier. Public health involves general cleanliness and sanitation as well as environmental conservation. On the other hand, when people fall ill, the medical care division is responsible to deliver services to restore health (Kovner, Knickman, & Jonas, 2008, p.4). Definition of Public Policy Public policy in line with government action refers to principles that guide the administrative branch of government in taking action concerning various issues in a manner that follows the laid down procedures according to the law of the
This report elaborates consumer purchase behavior issue related to Blackberry Smartphone. The report seeks to ascertain the best marketing strategy that can fit the consumer behavior in the Smartphone industry. Store Selection Blackberry Smartphone store Market Segmentation The market for Smartphone should be segmented based upon the individuals’ purchasing power and the age bracket. The products should be designed to match the needs of the respective market segment. For example, the phones designed for the youth population should include interactive applications that facilitate sharing, message sending, reading of documents, access to internet and sending photos. On the other hand, the designs for professionals should have email functionalities, QWERTY keyboard and additional business features. Users must be provided with innovative technology in addition to style. These features will provide memorable experience and promote the demand for the products. Product Positioning The Blackberry Smartphone devices are positioned on grounds of quality, as a company, RIM offers high quality products that are not only user friendly but also offer competitive prices to both business and personal users. The company enjoys significant competitive advantages given the global presence of its stores. Variables under Study A number of internal and external variables that affect Blackberry consumer behavior will be analyzed. External factors include demographic characteristics, reference groups, social status, and family. Internal variables on the other hand include personality, learning, self-concept, learning, memory, and motives. Analysis of the Consumer Decision Process Description of the External Variables Demographics The demographics of its current market indicates that it targets majorly the middle to upper income individuals aged from 30 to 35 and working in business and managerial sectors. The mainstream consumer market presents significant opportunities that the company can tap into. The company can join this market segment through bringing in and integrating changes from the consumers’ point of view. The additional features that the company has introduced in its smart devices that include applications like Twitter and Facebook in addition to multimedia functionalities will attract the youth segment of the population including students and appeal to their interactive lifestyles. The company should focus its marketing attention on the young generation who are well acquainted with social media, technology and can influence the consumption pattern
Introduction Control of the small and medium enterprises generally requires properly structured managerial hierarchy and strictly defined strategic direction. The case of the Power Drive golf company is closely associated with the application of the required managerial principles, and restructuring of the entire control mechanism. Thus, the aim of the paper is to define, what should be restructured, and how the restructuring process should be arranged for avoiding extensive invasion into the managerial process, which may cause the violation of the entire structure and leave of the workers. Analysis The overview of the Power Drive Golf company may be helpful for defining the key managerial problems, thus, the key points of the company development should be regarded. The fact is that, the key problems are often covered in the mistakes of the Human Resource Management. (Drejer, 2002) When the personnel is not motivated enough, or wrong people were employed for performing particular tasks, the problems are inevitable. As it stated in the case study, the HRM was based on employing the locals, who knew about the Golf Club business almost nothing, and learnt on the job. At it was of particular importance to speed up the work performance for meeting the deadlines, Jock had to employ more workers, and thus, their amount was essentially increased. (Heyder and Theuvsen, 2008) This was the first mistake, which caused the further faults. Considering the fact that quality was sacrificed in the favor of quantity, the mistakes were originally inevitable, consequently, all the recommendations should be performed from the perspective of changing the GRM strategies. (Mintzberg and Rose, 2003) The same mistake was made in the sphere of cooperation and supply chain. Instead of focusing on the quality of the supplied production, Jock sacrificed it to achieve quantity. Originally, this step may be logically reasoned, as the growing problems had to be resolved quickly, otherwise, the things could be even worse. (Timmons and Zacharakis, 2004) Recommendations for Power Drive Golf Originally, the described problems may be caused by the poorly elaborated strategy and improperly implemented strategic principles of running business. Consequently, particular emphasis should be made on the issues of the strategic management, and rearrangement of the strategic needs and purposes. Thus, in accordance with Siegel (2001), it should be emphasized that strategy evaluation may be regarded as one of the most crucial components of analyzing the business flow, and, the necessity to arrange the strict hierarchy is the defining element for the strength of the selected strategy. In accordance with the principles of strategic business management,
Introduction The switch to adulthood is a multifaceted progression in which youth who have been reliant on their parents all through their upbringing start taking authoritative decisions to attain measures of economic, accommodation, and emotional freedom, and to engage other responsibilities as residents, spouses, parents, and workers. This changeover period can be a phase of development and achievement, particularly if they have the necessary capital required to find their way through the phase, such as area associations and a secure relatives who can offer leadership and monetary support. This support can also include access to educational facilities and understanding that presents groundwork for learning (Kutash, 2009). This progression can occur in diverse orders and over a broad variation of ages from the teen years through to late twenties, and the majority of youths are able to successfully pass through these transitions. Nonetheless, various individuals experience hindrances during the starting stages by assuming parental roles almost immediately, giving up on education, being unsuccessful in finding a job, or breaking laws. These actions make the progression to adulthood harder. They can as well contain long-lasting consequences by holding back a youth’s potential to afford for themselves as adults, and by escalating the danger that their own children will encounter similar negative consequences (Randall, 2007) Personal Experiences My personal experience during this progression period has been the lack of job opportunities. As said earlier, the early stages of these transitions is covered by setbacks. It was hard for me to get a job as the market is already flooded with people with better qualifications looking for jobs. From that time I decided to go back to school and pursue further studies in order to gain an advanta
Introduction This paper is a case study on an organization called Trilogy. The paper aims at discussing ways in which new employees need to change for them to be productive in their new organizations. Some of the issues which are discussed include how Trilogy University (T.U) prepares employees to join Trilogy, whether T.U has been effective in its role of preparing recruits to join Trilogy in the first five years and the current status of T.U as well as the changes which need to be effected for it to fit in the new organizational structure of Trilogy. The discussion of the above issues is preceded by a discussion of key concepts in organizational development, such as organizational learning, the benefits of organizational learning, and how to create and sustain a learning organizational culture. Discussion An organization is a group of people who work together with coordinated efforts to achieve certain objectives or goals. Organizational goals and objectives are of various categories, and it is this variation of the goals and objectives which classify organizations into three main categories, namely profit making; service based and social responsibility based organizations. New employees often need to change in important ways to become productive members of their organizations. One way in which new employees need to change is by learning the skills and techniques which they can use in their work. They can learn either through training before they start the jobs (orientation) or learn while on the job. Nature of Organizational Learning Learning is the process of acquiring new knowledge and understanding regarding a particular subject. It can take various forms and may be acquired from various sour
Introduction I am an international marketing manager working for the company BSD Apparel that manufactures clothes. The company was founded in Dallas in 2005, and it produces men’s and women’s clothing. BSD Apparel has several workshops and distribution channels. However, it expands, and this process requires new customers. There are several goals that the company wishes to achieve from export sales. First, exporting should increase profits. Second, it enhances the flexibility of the company as it can initiate production of new goods. Also, export sales can improve the independence of the company because new markets offer many new opportunities. Therefore, the main goal the company has set is to reduce overall risks and ensure stable development. Export sales can eliminate or significantly reduce risks that the company is exposed to on domestic markets. It will subsequently lead to higher growth rates and stability. The main products for export are planned to be men’s and women’s jeans. The HS Code for men’s jeans is 62034200 and for women’s jeans – 62046200 (“Search Import”). These are casual-style denim jeans that are very popular throughout the world. This product has been successfully distributed in the United States since the foundation of the company. Many customers highly appreciate this brand due to great quality and appropriate prices. The cotton that the company uses as a raw material is produced by different Asian manufacturers. This textile is environment-friendly. As an international marketing manager, I need to conduct market research. There are several reasons for it. First, it is necessary to identify new possible customers and understand their needs. Second, this research can help the company set clear and concise goals and design new successful strategies. Third, there are various obstacles that might be overcome by means of market research. Finally, it will contribute to business expansion. The main goal of this paper is to conduct market research in order to identify effective marketing strategies that will help to enter three foreign markets. Foreign Market Analysis There are 3 targeted countries for export. These are Japan, Canada, and Germany. Japan is a complex country with rich history and culture. It is one of the biggest economies in the world. Japan has a great population of middle-class customers. This country is one of the active international traders because the market of Japan is very stable and reliable. The next destination is Canada. This country has a safe socio-economic environment that attracts new expor