ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Digital divide in the US reflects the real or perceived differences and inequalities that exist between people, families and other groups with varied demographic and socioeconomic characteristics with regard to gaining access to information and communication technologies (ICTs) alongside skills and knowledge required to use the available information optimally (LaRose et al. 359). This definition highlights inequalities that the Internet and technologies have brought about to populations. Simply put, it is the gap between the technology have and have-nots (U.S. Department of Commerce 5). Following the explosion and mass adoption of the Internet in the US in the past decade, researchers have conducted many studies to identify the Internet access and usage among Americans. As a result, they have identified significant trends among users and non-users of the Internet and related technologies in the US, particularly among the haves and have-nots (Mossberger, Tolbert, and Gilbert 583). In the recent past, the digital divide gap has narrowed considerably. Other Americans, however, have continued to demonstrate a complete lack of connectivity based on their demographic characteristics, such as race, socioeconomic status or ethnicity (U.S. Department of Commerce 7). In this regard, many academics, professionals, policymakers and leaders have singled out the digital divide as a source of a major challenge that requires immediate intervention because technologies can significantly transform lives of users (Warschauer and Matuchniak 179). While the use and frequencies of usage of the Internet have improved significantly among Americans, some sections of the public are not yet connected to the Internet. Nevertheless, Internet connectivity continues to rise steadily across different states. Today, many residents continue to get connection in more than one location or through several devices, including smartphones. Apart from the gap in access and connectivity, many studies have identified other factors related to users’ skills and knowledge as restricting and creating the digital divide in the US. This divide highlights the differences between groups in the US based on their technological expertise and literacy. Today, the US government has focused on closing the digital divide among Americans. Consequently, it has encouraged participation from all stakeholders, including both the public and private bodies. In this regard, there are many policies to promote digital literacy and develop infrastructures required to close the digital divide gap in the US. Demographic characteristics are the major indicators of the digital divide. Age is a critical factor among Internet users in the US and glob
Introduction There is no use denying the fact that modern world is based on market relations. Nowadays, every state is able to exist and function due to the main aspects of market-driven economy. People and organizations buy certain goods and in this way they promote further development of the whole industry. These regularities are peculiar to the majority of countries in the world nowadays. That is why, it is absolutely vital for coherent society to save existing model as the whole prosperity of the world depends on it. Additionally, it is possible to say that there are regions where some certain sorts of goods are distributed better than others. It is connected with the peculiarities of development of the area and culture of people who live there ( Luxury Goods in the United Arab Emirates , 2014). Special demand leads to the development of a certain kind of industry which, in its turn, influences the whole economy of a state. Nevertheless, especially important it becomes if the demand of a customer and his/her buying behavior depend on the presence or absence of a certain kind of goods ( Worldwide luxury goods continues double-digit annual growth; global market now tops €200 billion, finds Bain & Company, 2013). Under these conditions, the aim of this work is to analyze the Emirati consumer’s buying behaviors based on luxury goods prices and the character of the good of this sort (Pivac, 2014). This question seems to be rather significant within the framework of the development of the UAE industry and market because people, who buy luxury goods, serve as the main force for the development of economy ( Luxury Goods in the United Arab Emirates , n.d.). That is why, it is very important to understand all aspects which influence the choice of these people and mechanisms of the formation of their behavior. Background It is obvious that there is a great number of different scientists who devote their works to the investigation of this very issue. The thing is that being very important, it can influence situation in the region greatly. Nowadays, the UAE is one of the richest s
The speech by the teacher has several instances which portray sensitivity to the parents from the low-income area. First is the idea of engaging translators in delivering the speech. This action is taken in consideration of the fact that a sizeable number of the parents are English language learners and racial minorities. This being the case, it may be possible that they have a problem understanding English. Engaging translators is a clear sign of sensitivity to the parent’s literacy status. Secondly, the teacher takes time to ensure that most terms relating to the teaching profession or whose meaning may not be clear are elaborated during the speech delivery. The terms “disclosure document” and “Web site” are well explained in simple English to enhance understanding. Thirdly, the teacher uses minimal technical terms also called jargon in delivering the speech. Avoiding jargon not only makes the speech simple and easy to understand but also makes the parents more comfortable. These instances are broadly meant to ensure that the parents get the best understanding of the information concerning the school and more importantly enable them to fully participate in the education of their children. Indeed it has been proven that students perform better when there is cooperation between the family and the school to improve the student skills (Epstein 2001, p35). This being the case, a proper understanding of the information contained in the speech is of great importance. There is also clear evidence showing insensitivity of the head teacher while delivering the speech. The phrase “A disclosure document is just a written explanation about how I will grade …” portrays some level of low regard to the audience. The inclusion of the word ‘just’
To understand the difference between development and organization, one first needs to define a community, which is not an easy task. Researchers from the mid-50s to the end of the 20th century, refined the definition, adding new dimensions. However, most focus is on two aspects: territorial community and relationships between people (Pradeep & Karibeeran, 2017). Various theories have also arisen in which such researchers as Tonnies, Cooley, and Durkheim have explained the nature and purpose of the community (Pradeep & Karibeeran, 2017). Thus, community development is the process of increasing the quality of living of a particular community based on their needs. The community organization involves a set of measures aimed at maintaining the effectiveness of this process from social services. Both concepts are interconnected since development is the goal, and organization is the means. The historical context of CD and CO influences the direction and goals of social work practice. Many researchers have made it possible to determine that social work should focus on the interrelationship of community members and the maintenance of their network. It is also necessary to determine why they are needed and adequately respond to them through the provision of services. Cohen and Smith identified the relationship between community members as a key driver of development (as cited in Pradeep & Karibeeran, 2017). Thus, the CD contains members of the community itself and their network but lacks a leader who could effectively use the community’s resources to improve living standards. Smith also noted that the community’s life is influenced by official policies and documents (as cited in Pradeep & Karibeeran, 2017). However, movements organized by community members can change the position of oppressed groups within it. Thus, in CO, there are organizers who unite people with a common idea and coordinate their actions. For effective social work practice, it is necessary to combine CD and CO. The CD aims at supporting the needs and relationships of community members but does not directly include the means. On the contrary, CO implies a set of measures aimed at improving the living standards of the community, considering necessary aspects. From a historical point of view, various researchers have detailed social work goals in relation to the community. Thus, CD and CO are integral parts of effective social work practice. Reference Pradeep, M., & Karibeeran, S. (2017). The “community” in “community social work”. Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 22 (9), 58-64.
Ethics is defined as the attempt to investigate the key aspects and the human conduct fundamental principles, further, it also focuses on the examination of universal values, that is, the males and females’ essential equality, obeying the land law, caring about safety and health of one’s natural environment. Aristotle starts with a principal idea that there are differences in opinion as per matters regarding what is good for human beings and so that we resolve this problem, we must get a solution to this problem. Ethics is not a theory of discipline since our inquiry as to what is good for human beings is not just gathering knowledge, but to be able to achieve a unique state of fulfillment in case of development a fuller acceptance of issue to thrive (Broadie, p. 48). In the paper, I am going to focus on Aristotle’s theory of mean. I should stress from the very beginning that Aristotle’s understanding of virtues in the form of mean states lies in the idea that human beings should be of strong and resistant character especially according to our present situation. For instance, the expression of anger and high temper is necessary for the sake of a person’s reaction to certain irritations, however, at other times; our situation can call for a great deal of anger. He implies here that, the proportionateness is according to how extreme a situation is. Aristotle is showing a commitment to saying that anger should not be allowed to achieve the point of overriding reason. It implies that passion usually leads to an extreme level when one is about to lose a temper. He never strives to reject the possibility that one can be filled with anger without reaching a particular extreme. Hardie (54) says that we are to distinguish between various points of focus to this subject; each of which we call “a doctrine of the mean”. Thus, there exists the perspective disclosing the fact that every virtue state takes place between two vices: that of excess or extremity, and one more of deprivation or deficiency. Further on, there is the fact that whenever a well-behaved person or virtuous opts for performing morally acceptable action, he is to be presented as one who aims at the act intermediating between alternatives that he rejects. We can object to the second objective. I can start my criticism by considering that sometimes virtuous acts are to be disclosed according to Aristotle’s definitions. In case I try to concentrate on the present to provide my lover with, I am likely to look for an appropriate amount being neither deficient nor excessive. But in many cases, problems challenging a virtuous agent cannot be regarded as a theme related to this quantitative analysis. Deciding between attending a date or not and instead of respecting a competing obligation, i
Introduction Healthcare Management & Human Resources (HMHR), as a discipline, is critical in the current healthcare sector. Health practitioners require diverse skills to enhance their performance and growth in their careers. The profession contributes credibly to the health systems, administration, and service provisions. HMHR – An Appealing Career HMHR is designed to uplift the clinical and non-clinical sectors. Besides, the discipline is helpful in public health and other health sectors with rich human capitals. Currently, several healthcare systems across the world have put much of their attention in the human resources management. In particular, they form great part of the health system contributions, budget making, and health services provisions (Pace, 2006). Arguably, the management of the health sector depends entirely on knowledge of these people (human resource persons in the health sector) involved in health services delivery. Additionally, the issues addressed by such professionals are also dependent on their talents and inspirational aspects. Through studying Healthcare Management and Human Resource, the common problems facing the global healthcare will be solved. Some of those problems are; inadequate health workers, ratio of distribution of the health workers in different health institutions and the variation of size of different health institutions. Availability of workforce in the health factor will provide a clear picture of a nation’s ability to provide suitable and affordable healthcare services. In addition, this career is entirely responsible for employing competent workers and their training (Fallon & McConnell, 2007). Through this, the image of the health sector will be improved. Besides, a well trained and experienced workforce is vital when it comes to meeting the achievement goals in all the healthcare systems. This is a critical provision when considered comprehensively. This career is not only helpful in the development of the health sector but also in the economic development of the country. There is a close relationship between the availability of the health human resources and a country’s economic development. The nations with larger gross domestic product tend to spend a lot on healthcare compared to those with lesser gross domestic product. Besides, they are likely to have a bigger number of health workers. Human resource persons in the health department majorly assist in solving the healthcare problems discussed earlier (Niles, 2012). Another important aspect of regarding Healthcare Management and Human Resources as the best career is that, it prepares young workers by providing them with relevant skills. This will eventually ensure that the retiring health workers are replaced with other competent young health personnel. Additionally, this will solve the problem of inadequate health persons and continuous increase in healthcare requirements. Through the development of numerous human resource initiatives, there
The novel Frankenstein written by Mary Shelly impressed me by the mere fact of its creation. It takes some believing, but Shelly wrote this novel in the age of 18. Nowadays Frankenstein , which had been written as a sort of literary competition, gave birth to the new literary style. The name of the main character of the novel, who has created the living monster from the insentient substance, became a special sign that in a course of time widened its meaning. Having read the history of this novel creation, I was surprised how such a young girl could create such a grotesque character full of the mystic horror and at the same time exciting pity by its dramatic destiny. One of the stylistic means used by the author to make her novel sound more realistic is the specific form of narration. The novel is written in the form of letters of its main characters. Moreover, such stylistic mean as miseen abyme is also used. The given extract is rich in description of the beautiful Alpine nature affected by the impression of the authors journey to Switzerland. Reading these particular parts of the novel, I was surprised in a certain manner. The protagonist describes such terrible event as the death of his relative, admiring the beauty of nature at the same time. I must admit that the descriptions of the nature make this novel imaginative, but to my opinion, being used in the letters of the main characters these descriptions make them in a certain manner insincere. While reading this text, I was impressed by the Victors anxiety for knowledge. On the one hand, his eager desire to study the unexplored spheres of the science may be explained by the research interest. On the other hand, even without knowing the future events, it is possible to foresee that his attempts to enliven the dead substance will lead to the dreadful circumstances. Moreover, it is a great sin from the religious point of view, and from the point of view of the universal human values. Victor was eager to make the perfect creature, instead he received a monster. More about Frankenstein Who Was the Youngest Alphonse Frankenstein’s Son? 5 185 How Is the Theme of Horror in Frankenstein Revealed? 5 222 How is the Theme of Nature vs. Nurture in Frankenstein Used? 5 422 Why Does the Monster Think that Frankenstein Must Be Destroyed? 5 471 What Does Frankenstein Do after His Creation Comes to Life? 5 2327 What Was the Character of Dr. Victor Frankenstein Like? 5 70 His yellow skin scarcely covered the work of muscles and arteries beneath; his hair was of a lustrous black, and flowing; his teeth of a pearly whiteness; but these luxuriances only formed a more horrid contrast with his watery eyes, that seemed almost of the same colour as the dun-white sockets in which they were set, his shrivelled complexion and straight black lips. (Shelley, 1994, p.51 ). This description of the created monster is rather natural and vivid. This very scene of the monster creation remin
Not so long ago, Samsung Electronics faced a crucial to their business issue, in the framework of which the company had to recall the whole product line twice. Needless to say that such a solution turned out to be extremely expensive and affected clients’ perception of Samsung Electronics adversely. The company lost more than $5 billion, so enormous attention was paid to the problem. Some of Note 7 products exploded and hurt their owners. Moreover, professionals who investigated this issue claimed that other devices of this type could unexpectedly explode as well. Months of thorough work proved that the root causes were “design and manufacturing flaws associated with the lithium-ion batteries used in the phones, which were produced by Samsung’s battery suppliers” (Baig 2017, para. 1). These drawbacks were associated with two suppliers who were believed to be Samsung SDI and ATL. The batteries used in these devices were made from different materials that were not discussed along with other requirements. The suppliers of Battery A failed to ensure enough space for electrodes, while the suppliers of Battery B committed an abnormal welding process and the absence of the isolation tape in some devices. As initially, the problem occurred only with Battery A, Samsung decided to change these phones for those with Battery B, which proves that they did not realize the necessity to check the parts provided by suppliers even after the incident. Thus, the absence of a timely safety check turned into another issue that affected the final quality of Note 7. In this way, even though the company put particular demands on suppliers, it did not ensure that they were met. All in all, it can be stated that if Samsung Electronics improved its communication with suppliers, it could have avoided the occurrence of issues related to a battery explosion. Ineffective communication, in this situation, impacted both the quality of the product and the company’s performance. It prevented Samsung Electronics from receiving extended information regarding the product that was supplied, reduced checking options, and worsened the overall quality of a phone in this way. Gambetti and Giovanardi (2013) state that communication is vital for successful cooperation between the parties of a supply chain. They emphasize the fact that it allows spreading values and increasing intellectual capital within an organization. As a result, the quality of provided services and products is expected to enhance. Proper communication between the members of a supply chain improves competitive performance dimensions. It ensures the high quality of products, their timely provision, and practices alignment. Having homogenous values, a buyer and supplier are likely to have similar views towards a product, which makes it easier to meet demands. In addition to that, effective communication ensures that parties can clearly state the scope of their demands and opportunities. They can share detailed information that includes all those product peculiari
Mohandas Gandhi, who is referred to as Mahatma Gandhi by most people is among the world’s most respected leaders. Gandhi’s reputation as India’s political and spiritual leader, who led a non-violent national struggle for political independence, is unmistakable. Gandhi had faith and great conviction that violence was not useful when fighting for rights and freedom. He denounced violence because he considered it as an ungainly and ineffective weapon that brought more harm than solutions. Gandhi’s teachings about non-violent resistance (Satyagraha), otherwise known as Gandhism have had great significance and influence in India and the whole world. Gandhi is considered as a role model by many successful, influential, and famous world leaders like Martin Luther King Junior and President Nelson Mandela. Mahatma’s total commitment to non-violence led to many disagreements between him and many learned Indians including his closest colleagues who considered his ideology to be unrealistic. Gandhi tried to make things right by using his weapon of ‘nonviolence’ to resolve conflicts between races, opponent groups, and nations. Even before World War I, Gandhi was advocating for the idea that violence due to a combination of nationalism and industrialism must be avoided at all cost. He recommended that the weaker states defend themselves by nonviolent resistance towards the invaders instead of trying to strengthen their armies or increasing their armament. This advice was considered unrealistic at that time but it makes sense today. This is why his philosophy of non-violence has also been adopted by many peace organizations in the world. 1 He is seen as a good example of the great things that the world can achieve without resulting to violence. The British withdrawal from India came 30 years after Gandhi launched the nonviolent struggle for national independence. This was a great achievement for him and this is what makes him a role model today. Gandhi’s nonviolent struggle was used by Martin Luther King and he was able to bring many positive changes to fellow black Americans in the 1960s. Martin is remembered because his achievements were a lot more than what the bloody civil war and the successive one-hundred years of legal struggle achieved. The achievements made by the movements that adopted Gandhism including the ones led by Gandhi and Martin Luther changed people’s mindsets about imperialism and most people both in India and the whole world started to believe that non-violence alone leads men to doing the right things in all circumstances. In India, Gandhi’s commitment was to get rid of the “untouchability” of the Dalits. He argued that all Hindus should atone for transgression of untouchability. Despite this ideology, most Dalits considered Gandhi to be their enemy. For instance, Gandhi is one of the most hated leaders among the Dalits because he chose to fast to death to convince the then administration to eradicate barriers for Dalits. Furthermore, he objected the prop