ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Learning Objectives At the end of this presentation the learner will:   * Learn more about ethical problems inherent in health care;   * Identify the key components of ethical theories;   * Find out how complex ethical issues can be mitigated;   * Be able to reflect on their approach to the ethical issue. Introduction   * Being a nurse is a rather complex task in terms of a variety of social, political, and medical implications (Hamric, Hanson, Tracy, & O’Grady, 2013).   * The rationale behind this presentation is the analysis of a case that involved an ethical dilemma. Today, being a nurse is associated with a number of complexities due to the need to comply with diverse obligations in social, political, and healthcare segments (Hamric, Hanson, Tracy, & O’Grady, 2013). It remains apparent that concepts such as fidelity are the core definers of nurses’ actions and behavior, as a nurse plays a role of a mediator between the management of the hospital, healthcare system, patients, and their relatives (Hamric et al., 2013). Clinical Ethical Situation   * The patient had cancer with low chance of being cured;   * She (the patient) stopped taking any medications and refused any of the procedures that were vital for her survival (such as insertion of urinary catheter). Ethical dilemmas in nursing are rather common. Thus, one of the cases incurred at my workplace in the recent past. The situation took place at the hospital, where one of the patients was transferred due to some health problems. Thus, after organizing a series of tests, it was revealed that a patient had a type of cancer with a low chance of being cured. The thirty-year-old woman (the patient) was informed about her condition by her family doctor after being released home from the hospital. Thus, it could be said that she lost hope as her condition continued to worsen; she stopped taking prescribed medication and accepting the required treatment. Procedures such as insertion of urinary catheter were essential for the maintenance of her organs and survival, but she continued to refuse them.   * The patient’s relatives convinced her to stay at the hospital;   * The doctors discovered that the patient was terminally ill but reached an agreement with her relatives and did not let the patient know that she was terminally ill;   * The patient died without knowing that she was terminally ill while the nurses had to lie to her. Apart from the patient’s confrontation, her relatives were able to convince her to stay at the hospital since there was a small chance of being cured. Meanwhile, the doctors discovered that she was terminally ill and informed her family about this condition. Relatives, in collaboration with the medical personnel of the hospital, agreed not to inform the patient about her state, as they believed that it would help her regain hope. To support this scenario, family members started planning vacations after her release from the hospital. Unfortunately, the outcome of this situation was rather negative, as the patient died without knowing about her actual medical c
Preventing crimes has recently become the primary objective of the Dallas Police Department. Due to the violent crime spike, at the beginning of 2020, Dallas Police Chief U. Reneé Hall was demanded to present a plan to reduce violent crime plan (Jaramillo, 2020a). However, the recent reports show that despite implemented measures, the number of aggravated assaults has only risen, while the number of murders has even exceeded the last year’s statistics (Jaramillo, 2020b). These results show the inefficiency of the crime prevention program and call for implementing new strategies. The Dallas Police Violent Crime Reduction Plan includes long-term and short-term measures aimed at crime prevention. It is said to be “data and intelligence-driven” and, among other initiatives, presupposes developing more effective methods of identifying high-risk zones and individuals (Hall, 2020, p. 1). Moreover, it presupposes creating a new Intelligence Led Policing Division that would comprise of already-existing units along with a new Real-Time Crime Center (Hall, 2020). However, according to the Dallas Police Violent Crime Reduction Plan, the newly established division’s main objectives are mainly improving the coordination and sharing of information (Hall, 2020). While it is also essential to ensure the relay of information, “developing and maintaining a strong analytical capacity within police departments” is of much more vital importance (Braga, 2015, p. 20). The main objective of the proposed approach, in contrast, is to enhance the effectiveness of the analysis and research functions within the Intelligence Led Policing Division. The proposed strategy fits into the supporting structure of environmental criminology that deals with analyzing crime event patterns. This theory is concentrated on preventing crimes by forecasting possible scenarios based on various data. As Wortley and Townsley (2016) note, “environmental criminologists look for crime patterns and seek to explain them in terms of environmental influences” (p. 1). Having a highly developed research center would potentially address some hard-pressing challenges. First, it would allow making hotspots areas more precise, resulting in even more effective resource allocation. As different crime types tend to cluster in space, the common practice of defining crime hotspots has been used by the police. However, having a highly developed research center would allow the implementation of other methods as, for instance, incorporation of a temporal factor in crime prediction modeling (Catlett et al., 2019; Zhang et al., 2019). This will decrease the time police patrols spend at one location and incr
Introduction I have found this course to be very appealing to me and believe that it has helped me grow as a person and as a leader. With the emphasis it has on the development of communication skills, building rapport with colleagues and subordinates, developing strategies, and delegating tasks, the knowledge and abilities I received in this course will be extremely useful in the workplace. Main body This course allowed me to find my weaknesses as a leader and improve on them through both theory and practice. It has permitted me to engage with people more, and I enjoyed having a team, working with it to keep everyone involved and not just compliant with my leadership, but committed to me and our educational goals. I learned to be more empathic, to better interact with the emotional and irrational sides of my followers, and efficiently motivate them. I was able to test the full extent of my progress as a leader in our collective work, in which my group of five members analyzed the Spree Cruise Lines case study. This project was useful in two ways. On the one hand, our group was able to examine how a professional team would be dealing with a minor public relations situation, which could still be damaging if not addressed swiftly and appropriately. On the other hand, this was a good exercise in teamwork, organizing the workflow and responsibilities, as well as building respect for each other and our contributions. To achieve this goal, I employed several leadership styles. In particular, a lot of my organizational and motivational work was influenced by the affirmative and democratic styles (Barret, 2014). I endorsed discussion and interaction among my fellow students, made sure people connected to each other, learned each other’s strengths and weaknesses, and worked in a friendly atmosphere. I also made sure people were not afraid to actively participate and voice their opinions in discussions. But my leadership approach of choice and the one that I enjoyed using the most was the visionary style. I enjoyed describing the big picture, making inspirational appeals, appealing to the group’s enthusiasm. Through charm and charisma, I was able to subtly direct conversations in the direction the project needed, to the point where the team would then eagerly develop the ideas on their own. Of course, merely charm wouldn’t get me far as a leader. The best way I found to preserve my status, was to lead by example and through respect. My part of the project was to develop the crisis-defusing message for the case study, and then to investigate the most efficient ways to communicate that message to the target audience, which in our case were the concerned and frightened passengers of the Spree Cruise Liner. I had to be impeccable in my work to maintain authority and did my best to provide material of an inspiring quality. I used a lot of what I learned in this course as leadership tools. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator test, which was done for the second journal entry, played a very useful part during an early group meeting
Theoretical Framework/Change Model The Neuman Systems Model will be applied as the theoretical framework. Betty Neuman described her work as a unique perspective to approach a variety of concerns in a healthcare setting (Gonzalo, 2019). There is a properly developed client system, with stressors and the environment being investigated. An individual has to be viewed holistically, considering physiological, psychological, sociocultural, developmental, and spiritual variables (Gonzalo, 2019). Stressors penetrate the life of a human and can be of different types, including intrapersonal, interpersonal, and extrapersonal (Gonzalo, 2019). The prevention of stressors is one of the best interventions to stabilize human well-being, and lifestyle change is one of the primary recommendations. Regarding the nature of the Neuman Systems Model, the application of Lewin’s theory of change is a reasonable alternative. The purpose of this paper is to understand how the use of a mindfulness meditation program helps nurses who work with high morbidity/mortality patients reduce work stress during a pandemic. The chosen model is based on the evaluation of individual factors about the environmental stressors and nurses’ reactions. This type of relationship plays a crucial role in understanding human behaviors under specific conditions (Gonzalo, 2019). This model explains how the pandemic and a group of patients contribute to increased stress among nurses (extrapersonal and interpersonal stressors). Its application shows the attitudes of nurses toward their responsibilities and their well-being (intrapersonal stressors). The Neuman Systems Model proves the importance of the environment and personal judgments to improve the quality of care and the effectiveness of services. Change Model To support the Neuman Systems Model, Lewin’s change theory is used. Change is a common process in any organization, regardless of its size or industry (Deborah, 2018). Attention to Lewin’s model, as one of the core organizational management approaches, helps people understand the importance of change and initial steps. If there is no plan for implementing intervention and promoting change, people face challenges because of chaos (Deborah, 2018). Lewin of
The European Union is a project that aspires at reaching the highest degrees in Supranationalism. It is a good instance of regional integration, as it has been working on converging the economies and politics of several European countries (currently 27 in total). This integrative process has been conducted via a number of institutions, namely the Council of the European Union, Parliament, the Commission, and Central Bank. So far, the EU represents a fairly successful instance of regional integration. The EU as such appeared only in 1990s. In fact, it evolved out of the 1952 European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). The ECSC was formed at the aftermath of World War I, inaugurating a new peaceful era within Europe. It comprised six countries which are: France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg. It was an economy-oriented organization. The aim of the ECSC was to create some measure of convergence at the level the coal and steel commodities of policies including the setting of common prices. Although it did not manage ultimately create a common market, it showed the importance of the process of integration (McCormick, 2002). Indeed, the ECSC was a form of regional integration. Developing on this budding form of integration, the EU project was taking shape. Following the ECSC, the European Community was formed in 1957 by virtue of the Treaty of Rome. The aims at that stage went beyond the creation of a common market. By 1986, Denmark, Ireland, the UK, Greece, Spain and Portugal have entered the European Community (EC). In 1986, a Single European Act was signed; it stipulated for coordination in the fields of economy, society, and judiciary. It represented a widening in the scope of integration. The EC laid the foundation for upcoming economic and political integration. A European Common Agriculture Policy was crafted; it regulated tariffs and subsidies among the EC countries. Key institutions such as the European Parliament (1951) were formed under the EC. The EU as such was set up in December 1991 by virtue of the Maastricht Treaty. It constitutes a third and decisive phase in the European regional project. Regional integration gained momentum as the EU has sought to reinforce integration and extend it to the politic
Introduction A product marks the starting point for the marketing program of a target market. The marketer uses the product to draw attention of consumers and acquisitions. A marketer makes decisions to present the best offer to his or her customers through branding strategy. Most markets have become increasingly competitive and brand image, name, loyalty, and corporate reputation becomes a major consideration towards survival in the target market. Many customers tend to care more about the brand than the manufacturer (Doole 2008, p.187). The purpose of branding strategies is to ensure product differentiation and customer access to the product. Advertising and other sales effort cultivate favorable brand image among final consumers and distributors. The resulting brand loyalty create a dominant position by raising entry costs for rivals who will have to either overcome or duplicate the brand loyalty in order to compete competitively. Entrants may have to spend more to overcome the incumbents brand image advantage than the incumbent had to spend in the first place to establish the brand image (Ferrel 2008, p.311). This has led to the introduction of different branding strategies to overcome the challenges. It is therefore important for marketers to understand the use of extension strategies and umbrella branding when marketing their products or services (Stull 2008, p.45) Concept of Extension Strategy A marketer whose product is already in the market may decide to introduce a compliment, substitute or transfer of its brand name, corporate reputation, and image to its new product to enlarge its company’s market share and brand loyalty. The marketer uses this strategy to target consumers who purchase their products or services consistently and are aware of the characteristics of their product. This makes it easy to influence the customers to pay attention to the variety of products they offer to boost their satisfaction (Schmitt 2008, p.219). Thi
In “The Second Sex” de Beauvoir can be seen as a poststructuralist feminist. This is because in her book she examines the issues of feminism by going past merely having outward signs of equality for men and women to examining how society still treats women as the other sex. Those involved in poststructuralism focus on the social aspect of ideas and realities. Power in society is of great concern to them since women still derive power from men while this should not be. For de Beauvoir the man is still regarded as instrumental in the identity and place of woman in society. de Beauvoir for example looks past activities which might seem like they have placed women and men at the same par, like voting, to the real power that women are given in politically changing their circumstances. Or for the matter to economically better their lives (de Beauvoir, 1989). According to post-structural feminism structures in society still hold the woman back. de Beauvoir (1989) states that this is because structures still exist in the minds of people as to the place of women in society. Despite outward changes in society according to de Beauvoir (1989), the woman has a long way to go before she can be fully allowed to determine who she is, what she wants and to change society’s perception of her. Women today continue to face discrimination in many parts of the world. The change comes slowly and women are begrudgingly treated as equals. Even in places where there are signs that might be construed as advances for feminists much remains to be done before the woman can truly be seen as equal to man. de Beauvoir (1989) therefore in “The Second Sex” fits in the post-structural context of feminism.
The poem by Theodore Roethke “My Papa’s Waltz” reflects the author on his childhood, in particular, on his relationships with his father. There are different points of view on the nature of the relationships described in the poem: some people think that the author presents happy relations between the father and son, however, other people hold another point of view and assume that the story presents a hidden message of parental abuse. In this paper, I am going to discuss and analyze the three literary styles presented in the poem “My Papa Waltz” that affected my response to the poem. First of all, it should be mentioned that there are various literary styles, which are used in poetry. A poet’s choice of literary styles is fundamental in conveying his message to the target audience. The literary styles influence the interpretation of the poem by the target audience. In the poem “My Papa Waltz,” the author has employed, vivid descriptions, figurative language, and unique poetic tones to communicate the meaning of the poem (Roethke & Kiker, 2001). These literary styles make the poem “My Papa Waltz” quite interesting and engaging. They are quite influential in identifying the main theme of the writing, and thus, they affected my response to it (Roethke, 1955). I should mention that I was intrigued by the poet’s use of figurative language. For instance, I identified the use of figurative language in the third stanza of the poem. The child narrator tells how his father’s hand was battered, and his ear scrapped whenever he missed a step as they were dancing. This was a tough situation for the narrator’s mother to endure, and it made her furious. The narrator’s mother is quite a in sorrow because of her husband’s character. I sympathize with her concerning her husband’s irresponsible behavior. The narrator’s father i
Introduction The United Nations (UN), Universal Declaration of Human Rights on Torture, the conference of Countries held to discuss Human rights abuses, was held in February 1985.This conference passed a convention and was opened to be adopted by the countries present at the conference. The gathering came to agreement to ban the use of torture and formed a committee called the “UN committee against Torture”. The committee was to involve countries to take effective actions to prevent abuse as a result of torture within their boundaries. The convention also passed a resolution to forbid countries to return a refugee to their nation because it is believed that they will be tortured. “It also obliges the country to respect the human rights accord of other nations before making any decision on torture” (Goldberg 14). Thesis Statement Every nation is required to train its law forces, i.e. the police and the military on the human right policies which were the United Nations on the torture in their jurisdiction and to investigate any allegations brought forward when their law enforcers have been implicated on human right abuses. The law of the country must allow persons tortured in any form to be permitted to make an official complaint and investigation to be started on the credibility of the person. If the credibility of that person is right, compensation should be given, that includes full treatment and payment to the victim.This accord also does not allow any activities that will allow the use of torture. As a result of these human rights abuses we should not concentrate too much on the punishment of torture perpetrators, these perpetrators are using torture to help uphold the security of a country and above all terrorists are inhuman. Water boarding is a form of torture that involves tying down a suspect who is believed to have credible information that can help a country. “The suspect’s face is tied with a cloth and he is stimulated to a sensation of drowning using water. In Spain this kind of torture has been used for many years but now it is a subjected to war-crime trial” (Goldberg 3). Accepted use of torture There are situation in which the use of torture is morally accepted. The use of torture is unconstitutional in the US but surely if the lives of innocent America citizen are at risks, we must overlook the constitution. If the millions innocent lives will perish as a result of terrorist? Let’s give an example, a terrorist has planted an explosive on an airline and he alone knows how to disarm the explosive. The government cannot yield for the terrorist demands. If need arises we can use any form of torture to extortionist and save the passengers because the passengers in the airline did not ask their lives to be put in danger because the death of this innocent lives will hunt us as a nation. If the rights of an individual terrorist is more important to be safe guided, then we must put into perspective the lives of the innocent which must be saved at any price, even if inflicting pain on the terrorist that has put the lives of inn