ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
For decades, rock has been viewed as the most aggressive genre of music. This was the reason why for years, this field was mainly dominated by males. However, despite the role of gender in discussing rock music, it is almost impossible to ignore the opinion that women significantly contributed to the development of this genre (Selph 14-22). In this context, Janis Joplin, Patti Smith, and Tina Turner can be identified as the most influential figures in rock music among other female contributors to this genre (Gaar 1-8). The purpose of this paper is to discuss Janis Joplin, Patti Smith, and Tina Turner as leading rock music performers in their subgenres and analyze the significant impact they made on rock music in general. Janis Joplin’s career covered the years of 1962-1970, and she became known as one of the most influential female rock performers of that period. Joplin started her career while performing with Big Brother and The Holding Company. The band specialized in playing the blues, and this genre of music influenced Joplin’s interpretation of rock music in the future (Gaar 92-104). The singer attracted the public’s attention because of the rawness of her manner of singing, virtuosity, and passion. Thus, in the context of blues-tinged rock, Joplin demonstrated a new interpretation of a female rock singer who is equal in her performance and power to men on the stage. However, although listeners accentuate the uniqueness of Joplin’s voice, there are also opinions that her performance was often extremely intense in its emotion that affected the quality of her sound. Still, this aspect emphasized her femininity and created a path for further development of reflective feminine rock music that was powerful in its impact on both male and female listeners (Gaar 140-148). Joplin’s contribution to rock music is so considerable that, for many people all over the globe, she became associated with the psychedelic rock of the 1960s as an iconic figure of that decade. Joplin was the queen of psychedelic and blues rock, and one of the most influential figures in punk rock was Patti Smith who became the female leader of the punk movement in the 1970s. In contrast to Joplin’s passion for signing, Smith accentuated the role of lyrics in her works. She did not revolutionary change the sound typical of punk bands, but she added reflexivity to the traditional garage-band spirit of this type of rock music. As a result, Smith created a unique variant of the pure feminine punk music that attracted listeners because of lyrics and self-reflexivity (Gaar 195-199). However, although some researchers accentuated the femininity in Smith’s performance, the singer herself and other critics accentuated the idea that Patti succeeded in overcoming any gender barriers in her works (Gaar 195-208). From this perspective, Smith influenced the development of punk rock music while determining the place of a woman in this complex and male-oriented subgenre while highlighting its certain aesthetic qualities and the importance of lyrics. During the periods when Janis Joplin and Patti Smith developed specific subgenres of rock in which t
Introduction The United States of America has enjoyed independence since 1796, the year that she was freed by the British colonial government. Since then, the country has continued to grow in all sectors of economy to become the world’s only super power. On the same note, it has had many presidents, some of which are remembered for their good legacy; while others are remembered for their bad leadership especially in matters pertaining to economy. One of the famous and remembered presidents is Franklin Delano Roosevelt. He was the United States of America president prior and during the outbreak of the World War II. Why did President Franklin Roosevelt veto more bills than any other president of the United States of America? Franklin Delano Roosevelt was the thirty second president of the United States of America. He became the United States President in 1933, having succeeded Herbert Hoover. Prior to becoming the President, Franklin Delano Roosevelt had served as the 44 th governor of New York from January 1929 to December, 31 st 1932. According to Pfiffner (21), in order for a bill to pass through, it has to receive a simple majority of votes in both the House of Representatives and in the Senate. He has claimed that in the House of Representatives, at
Introduction Having experience in the political and economic fields for many years, Ian Bremmer can be considered to have strong evidence in his extensive research on global economy. In this book, he tries to address the current economic crisis by answering questions such as; can state capitalist compete with free market? Does capitalism still exist or is it going to extinct? Are we still in an economic cold war? His key players are the Men and women who govern Russia, China, Arab, and the United States (Bremmer IV). About the book In the first half, the writer is devoted to explain what capitalism is. He describes the birth of capitalism as a replacement of fallen communism regimes of China and Russia. He discusses how today this model has become an attractive package to countries such as China, Russia, US, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Ukraine, India, and the United Arab Emirates. The second half gives a detailed support and effects of state capitalism on market economies. Although he really convinces the reader that he is not against state capitalism, he actually cautions about it. According to Bremmer, the power in politics controls this type of economy. Instead of formulation of policies that are based on the needs of the people, the decisions are approved and implemented politically. Recommendations Overall, Bremmer’s engagement is excellent. He is clear on his advantages and disadvantages of state capitalism and creates a good understanding of world politics. From a review, the test rating and analysis of this book can be addressed by the following recommendations. The book can be highly recommendable to even persons without knowledge about economies .Ian’s coverage is realistic, simple, broad, lucid, and well judged. The book does not leave behind any unanswered questions on globalization. Its briefing is excellent and narrates the sequence of events from the rise and fall of communism to the effects of capitalism. According to Bremmer, capitalism is a disguised monster in the free markets whose goal is to have political gain. He argues that the cause of all these selfish gains is globalization that acts as a catalyst to international politics and markets. He notes that capitalization has different forms distinguished by their own interests and the degree of government support. First, he talks about the free market capitalism (Bremmer 13). In this type of economy, involved parties use wealth to build more wealth. The state enables generation of wealth through enacting contracts that are limited to moral weaknesses. In contrast, he talks about the state capitalist economies. This type of regime is dominated by politics and the choice of the principal consumer. Book report With the fall of the soviets in the nineties, political and economic analyst proclaimed victory over communism to create a new free market economy. However, Bremmer admits that no liberation has followed yet. It is just that the system has incanted. Capitalism is not new in the world as
The aim of this paper is to explore the importance of the appropriateness of quantitative research designs. It will also discuss the challenges in the implementation of electronic health records (EHR). Quantitative Research Designs At the time of substantial advances in healthcare, it is important for nurses and other healthcare practitioners to be able to critically assess quantitative research articles. An article by Piers et al. (2012) explores the issue of moral distress (MD) associated with end-of-life care and focuses on factors that prevent nurses from making a certain decision in the ethical course of action. A cross-sectional survey was used as a type of quantitative research design for the study, which helped to better understand situations causing MD. It can be argued that a longitudinal study design would help to better ascertain relationships between ethical dilemmas associated with end-of-life care and nurses’ burnout. Another study conducted by Halpern et al. (2013) focuses on how advance directives influence patients’ choices related to end-of-life care. The researchers opted for a randomized controlled trial for their study, which is an appropriate choice of the research design since such experimental studies are high on the hierarchy of evidence. If Halpern and associates chose an inappropriate design for the study, the relevance of the evidence to their sample populations would be under question. Selecting appropriate study design is essential in healthcare because every “health-related research project involving humans, their tissue and/or data must be reviewed and approved by a research ethics committee” (Hoe & Hoare, 2012, p. 54).
Communication is essential in every aspect of life. People have to pass information from one point to another. It is, therefore, crucial that people reach out to each other depending on the kind of message they are giving. The case study that involves the student nurse showcases how the institution had shaped up what it deemed fit for the organization. The other mentors had found her attitude to be questionable. The staffs also felt that she did not portray what was ethically acceptable towards them. The Arab patient she was dealing with also found her to be so uncaring that she had to find help from other workers. In every industry and organization, there are values that help define the service they offer. For instance, the hospital, in this case, has the code of conduct that every person working there has to follow. The values of the nursing career involve duty care and responsibility. When a person joins an organization, one must be ready to subject him or herself to the working conditions of that organization. The same applies to the career that one chooses. One may have some set of beliefs and attitude. But this can change to adapt to the new environment that one has chosen (Belasen 2008). One must emulate the conduct one holds valuable. Values affect individuals and how they behave towards others. One must seek to understand why people behave in particular ways. Sometimes life experiences influence the way a person behaves differently. It may not be appropriate to behave rudely with others. But some of those defensive mechanisms are as a result of the hurt one has gone through in life. It could be because of harsh childhood upbringing. It is true to say that some childhood experiences can live for a long time in someone’s memory and may continue influencing one’s behavior and communication. Some people may also have principles about their personal life decisions. It then becomes a habit that one holds close to oneself. Some may be good policies that help to shape one’s life. Working environments should encourage positive values and discourage negative influences. It is these negative influences that affect behavior. Culture is a way of life. Communities, businesses, countries, and institutions have their cultures that they state to their staffs and customers. Some even include the type of language that is acceptable. When one changes organizations, one may realize that he or she has to learn and unlearn various aspects of life to be able to adapt to the new surroundings. Codes of conduct and training programs at workplaces are some of the forums that assist the organizations to instill the information about what is acceptable and unacceptable. Sometimes a system of punishment and rewards can help foster the kind of
Introduction Learning is a complicated process that requires professional and proper management. In addition to quality management, learning requires cooperation of all stakeholders including general school managers, teachers, students, parents, top education officials as well as the wider society where learning institutions are located. Being a complex process, effective learning can only take place within favorable environments in classroom, within school surroundings and the general societal environments. There are many factors which contribute to conduciveness of the learning environments most of which are controllable by school educators and others which are beyond school officials’ control. Individual and overall students’ behaviour within classroom and school compound is one of the main factors that impact deeply upon the learning process. The purpose of this task is to provide a philosophical paper about personal philosophy of behavior management as a professional teacher or educator. Behaviour management Even though man is apparently the leading living thing in animals’ kingdom in terms of behaviour, different people attach different meanings to the concept of human behavior (Mishra, 2008). Consequently, there is no one particular universal definition of the term human behaviour. The difficulty of providing a universal definition of behaviour largely lies in the fact that the nature of human behaviour is multifaceted and complicated (Mishra, 2008). In addition to complexity, behaviour is dynamic so much so that an individual’s behaviour in one occasion is likely to be completely different in another occasion thus making it difficult to provide a standard description. Behaviour is a human feature that is ever-changing in line with varying physical and social contexts, order, place and time (Mishra, 2008). Generally, our behaviour is what we learn from our early days of growing as children. As we grow up, we consciously and subconsciously observe what our parents or guardians, other adults and relatives as well as our age mates and friends do or behave and we emulate them. In the education circles school managers and teachers focus on students behaviour which is a sum total of the things that learners have acquired from their parents, guardians, relatives, teachers, classmates, schoolmates and other adults and sources like media personalities and music and film celebrities. As children we normally have no idea on whether doing something is right or wrong until someone whom we respect or fear tells us (Boden, 1999). We also learn on our own what is right or wrong without being told verbally by a close person through the influence that their values, virtues and beliefs have up on us (Boden, 1999). As we move from infancy and childhood in to teenage and young adulthood and finally adulthood, our power of choice which is inborn becomes well grounded. Therefore, as teenagers and young adults our good or bad upbringing, behavioural molding and programming at school and elsewhere not withstanding we find our selves at liberty to choose to do what is right or wrong. However, it is important to note whatever
Oliver Stone’s 1991 film JFK , loosely based on the books On the Trail of the Assassins by Jim Garrison and Crossfire: The Plot That Killed Kennedy by Jim Marrs, is ostensibly an attempt to explore the various theories regarding what happened the day President John F. Kennedy was assassinated at Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas in November of 1963 (Howe, 1991). Beginning with a video montage set to impressive military music and capitalizing on the use of television footage in its own aspect ratio, leaving ample empty space on the screen, the movie details the only criminal case in the country that charged anyone with conspiracy in the death of the president or called into question the results of the Warren Commission. At the same time, it takes a look into the personal life of Garrison as he dealt with both internal and external pressures in bringing this case to trial. Because of the way in which Stone goes about detailing the development of various theories as to what happened that afternoon in Texas, Stone’s interpretation makes it clear in a very public way that at the least, the Warren Commission could not have been correct in its findings when it ruled a lone gunman achieved the death of a president. By mixing truth with conjecture and historical records with staged and choreographed scenes, Stone has created a film that nearly defines its own genre. Through his use of historical footage, recordings and photographs, Stone is able to capture a sense of the historic in JFK that is rarely seen in films that aren’t strictly within the documentary classification. By tracing through several series of events including those that took place during Garrison’s investigations as well as those leading up to the death of the president and some of the events that followed it, the film could be considered a documentary. However, it is not a documentary. There are several places in which Stone has been forced to rely on conjecture, hearsay and flimsy evidence to support the claims made within the text of the movie. Several characters portrayed in the story never actually existed either, but are instead composite characters of individuals recorded in the written record. It is here, also, that Stone moves into the realm of fiction as he explores or mentions some of the major conspiracy theories that have been raised and speculates as to time lines, actions, events and connections. The consistent build up of evidentiary material creates a sense of sustained suspense that has qualified the film for placement in the political horror genre in some circles; however, the film is most often described, especially by Stone himself, as a drama (Travers, 1992). The overall style of the film emphasizes authenticity regardless of whether the footage being shown is authentic news coverage or movie-produced recreations. The video montage of the first section of the film establishes its link with reality through its use of almost exclusively actual news footage of the president and his f
Colleen is at high risk according to the Missouri risk assessment; she had a total score of 9 which is in the range for High risk: A score of 8 + . Colleen was 15 years of age at her first referral and had no priors according to local authority records. However, just recently she has received a prior or present referral for a felony assault; involuntary manslaughter and adjudicated delinquent. Prior to her assessment Colleen has been living in out of home placement. It appears that for now she has peer relationships (three homeless men) which are a strong negative influence. This is illustrated by Colleen testing positive for opiates and fabricating a Wizard of Oz excuse for her condition (walking through a field of poppies). There is a history of abuse/neglect as her dad abandoned the family when she was an infant, and Colleen’s mum has a history of drug abuse. This substantiates the conclusion that Colleen has experienced neglect, given that one of parents ignored their responsibilities to her, and the other had made lifestyle choices that are strongly correlated to child abuse/neglect. This question is difficult to answer as there is no information available about a known petition of DFS finding of probable case. There is some evidence of substance abuse at this time for Colleen. At the time of her first arrest she was found to be under the influence of opiates so it is reasonable to assume that she may have moderate alcohol or drug abuse issues, or be developing some. Given her mum’s drug addition, Colleen may model her mum’s behaviors, such as self medicating to cope with life difficulties. There is no direct indication that Colleen has not attended school it is reported that she has recently been “traveling” with three homeless men, and that she has a habit of running away from her home with her Aunt. It is unlikely then that the young woman has been attending school regularly, and was recorded as having moderate problems in this area. It seems that her Aunt, as the current parent figure, has had a management style that is moderately ineffective. Colleen has run away several times, has been traveling with the homeless, appears to be missing school, and to be using a narcotic. At this point in time, Aunt Emily’s parent management is not able to provide the support and guidance that Colleen needs. Although Colleen does not have prior issues involving the police it seems that recently her behavior has become erratic and dangerous to others as well as herself. This change in general behavior may be because Colleen is in the adolescent development stage and be struggling with her identity and physical changes. Or it may be that young woman is experiencing social pressures that she is trying to cope with. Finally, Colleen’s mum is in a drug rehabilitation centre. This risk assessment does not inquire into possible reasons behind the high risk behavior, and it does not suggest possible interventions suited to a particular individual. Rather broad brush approach, for example, prior or present referrals is ambiguous here as Colleen was
Net Present Value The net present value is defined as the sum of the future earnings. It is usually important since it enables the management to consider the time value of money it will invest. The Net Present Value concept holds that the value of money increases with time because the chances of earning profits are high in the future. The net present value tells us how much a project contributes to the shareholder’s wealth thus the larger the NPV, the more value the project adds and this translates to a higher stock price (Brigham & Houston 2009). Calculation of net present value N.P.V= ∑ n ctn – 1 0 whereas t=1 (1 + r) n ctn=cash flows receivable during period n r = discounting rates I 0 = initial capital outlay Project 1 Initial capital =100,000 Expected profit; Year profit/loss  1. 29,000  2. [1,000]  3. 2,000 Working to get depreciation Depreciation= cost – residual value/Useful life = 100,000 -7000/3 =31,000 N.P.V= ∑ n ctn – 1 0 t=1 (1 + r) n 1/(1+1) n Project 2 1 0 =60,000 Profit / Loss for each year Year  1. 18000  2. (20000  3. 4000 Working II to get depreciation Depreciation = cost – residual value/Useful life = 60,000 -6000/3 = 18,000 N.P.V= ∑ n ctn – 1 0 t=1 (1 + r) n 1/(1+1) n IRR: Internal Rates of Return The Internal Rate of Return on investment also referred to as the Economic Rate of Return (ERR) is the discount rate always used in capital budgeting that makes the net present value of an investment equal to zero. It is a positive number and thus, the higher it is the more desirable or promising the project is if undertaken first compared to the other projects since it shows the project will have higher productivity compared to the others (Hazen 2009). Calculation of IRR Project 1 If NPV AT 10% at 10 % is 93,360 choose a higher rate and get the NPV let us use 20% [email protected] LDR – I 0 (HDR – LDR) IRR = LDR + PV @ LDR –PV @ HDR =10 + 109,360 – 100.000 ( 20 – 10) 109,360 – 93960 = 16.08% IRR Project 2 Payback Period The payback period is usually defined as the time a project will take to recoup the initial amount of capital invested in the project. It is simply the time the project will give the investor back his money fully and it is calculated as the ratio of the initial investment regardless of the initial source of capital to the annual cash flows for the recovery period. The major disadvantage with the payback method is that it fails to consider the period after the capital has been recovered thus it cannot be used as a tool for measuring the profitability of a project. However, the less time a project will take to recover the initial capital the more preferable it should be (Barthwal 2007). Calculation of Payback Period Project 1 Thus Payback period is 2+0.25=2.25 Years Project 2 60,000 will be recovered within 2 years for the first 52,000 and the remaining 8,000 from third year. 28,000 = 1 year 8,000 ÷ 28,000 = 0.29 8,000 =? Thus, the Payback per