ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The issue of increasing cases of suicide incidences among the youth in the contemporary society has attracted a lot of attention from sociologists and other scholars. A single theory cannot adequately explain such a complex issue as suicide. Biological, genetics, psychological and social factors work together to influence the decision to commit suicide (Holmes, 2010). The adolescent age is characterized by much discord, mayhem, and identity crisis. Suicide has been attributed to various causes ranging from broken relationships to impulsivity. The question remains whether these are the precipitating factors or the actual causes of suicide among the youth in the world today. Scholars formulated theories that attempt to explain the reasons for suicide. Sigmund Freud attributed suicide to unconscious forces and hostility that was directed inward (Holmes & Holmes, 2005). Others scholars borrowed his idea to further develop the concept. Karl Menninger attributed suicide to three unconscious forces, revenge, depression and loneliness (Holmes & Holmes, 2005) Suicidal behaviour can also be traced back to genetic predispositions and family back ground. Others believe that suicide results from the futile attempts to capture attention. In fact most of the people who successfully commit suicide have tried it in the past (Holmes, 2010). The major concern still remains whether these theories facilitate in reduction of cases of suicide in the society. Research Design and Methodology Action research method involves identifying the problem; applying measures resolve the situation and evaluating the results. Unsuccessful results should motivate the researcher to try again. This method applies scientific method and ensures that the propositions suggested are strictly informed by theoretical considerations. This method is preferable in this research because it allows the researcher to fully participate in the problem and also seeks to find solutions to the problem of widespread cases of suicide among the youth. The researcher should therefore analyze cases; conduct interviews to identify the problems that the youth face that may prompt them to committing suicide and come up with informed solutions. However, results on carried out epidemiologic surveys on suicide are often complex and difficult to interpret since they just reveal the comparison of varying estimates of suicide incidences (Meehan, Lamb, Saltzman & O’Carroll, 1992). They should instead seek to define more precisely the intention of the respondent when they report the suicide attempt (Meehan, Lamb, Saltzman & O’Carroll, 1992). The current research findings may also fail to remedy the situation due to lack of connection between the researcher and those developing the intervent
An omnibus bill refers to a law that is still in the proposal stage but it includes unrelated subjects. Anything can be included in an omnibus bill. The bill itself is a single legislation document that can be passed in one voting session. An omnibus bill usually includes a main subject (for example, budget) but it may still address other unrelated issues (like healthcare). For example, a bill that is primarily meant to amend budgetary allocations might still introduce amendments or new laws on unrelated issues. The unrelated issues are often referred to as “pork”. In the United States, omnibus bills are mostly used by the National Congress. Omnibus bills have been used when passing legislations in the United States for a number of decades. The first widespread use of omnibus bills was during the 1970s. During this period, the United States changed the manner in which budget legislation was undertaken. The Congress decided to include all the aspects of a federal budget in a single bill. This bill accounted for the legislation requirements of different departments and their budgetary allocations. The motive behind instituting omnibus bills is that they act as a timesaving mechanism for law making bodies. An omnibus bill takes less time to debate on, vote on, and pass. If these bills were to be tabled and discussed independently, it would take much more time to pass them. Although omnibus bills save the Congress a lot of time and resources, they also have their disadvantages. Most omnibus bills are enormous and they may include many pieces of legislation. For example, Canada once passed a 126-page omnibus bill that consisted of 120 amendments (Krutz 216). The enormity of such bills makes it possible for legislators to “burry” items in an omnibus bill. Citizens are usually unable to identify the buried items until it is too late and the bill has been passed. Once it becomes apparent that a bill consists of “hidden” items, there can be efforts to amend the finer details of the bill adding more workload to legislators and bill writers. In the last ten years, there have been calls to substitute omnibus bills with clean bills. Clean bills do not include unrelated issues in one piece of legislation. However, even clean bills can still include unnecessary appropriations. This happened in 2009 when the spending bill was signed into law. Some parties argued that this bill contained an extra eight billion dollars in additional appropriations. There were also calls for President Obama to veto this bill on the account of these additional appropriations. There are various instances in the recent past when omnibus bills have been used in the United States. One of the more popular bills of this nature i
Introduction Creating an environment, in which every single staff member feels important and is capable of making decisions regarding the company-related processes is essential to the overall rate of staff satisfaction as well as the improvement of communication and cooperation among the employees (Matsielle, 2012). Therefore, the principles of responsibilities distribution displayed in the case study can be deemed as rather reasonable. However, the specified approach also requires that the company should consider the change in its leadership design so that it could meet the requirements of the global economy and become competitive in the designated area. Main Body The approach used by W. L. Gore can be deemed as rather reasonable in the instances that require the empowerment of the staff and the enhancement of their motivation, thus, increasing their productivity and creative thinking. Hence, it will be reasonable to assume that the method chosen by W. L. Gore can be used in the setting of a company, which is planning to expand by investing in its staff and their further professional growth. Indeed, a closer look at the HRM strategy design implemented by W. L. Gore will reveal that the promotion of the approach focused on the needs of the key stakeholders, including the analysis of staff satisfaction rates, is essential to the development of the organizations, which are willing to expand through the reinforcement of their employees’ performance and the creation of stronger ties among its members (Hill & Jones, 2012). It should be noted, though, that investing in the staff and its training along with the promotion of an increase in staff satisfaction rates is not the ultimate solution to the problems, which the company may be facing in the environment of the global economy. Particularly, the company could focus on other types of resources, such as the financial ones, which it may retrieve once cutting costs for some of the most expensive processes that occur in its setting. For instance, the leaders of the firm could view reducing the costs taken for some of the logistics processes as a reasonable step to take. Indeed, the recent change of the firm’s brand product and the promotion of a new one, i.e., the dental floss that may reinvent the entire industry, are bound to have a tremendous effect on entrepreneurship in general and its sales rates along with its efficacy in particularly (Picard, 2014). Therefore, there are strong reasons for focusing on the promotion strateg
Heterogeneity Latinos are a diverse population with different national origins. However, the greatest Latino group living in the U.S is of the Mexican origin. The culture and ethnicity of this populace are diverse with variations existing in languages they speak. General understanding of these differences is greatly important as commonalities are also identified (Furman, Negi, Iwamoto, Rowan, Shukraft, & Gragg, 2009). The service providers should understand and make diverse cultures comprehend the importance of social coexistence. Individuals should appreciate other people’s culture and major on commonalities. Migration Tran’s migrants continuously move to different places over time. This results in nonresidential base. This exposes them to poverty and long working hours as well as discrimination. The Trans migrants should be content with a range of psychological stressors that act as powerful multipliers (Pries, 2004). The pay for the working class should be improved to encourage them settle and alleviate poverty in the Latino population. Acculturation This refers to the change that is experienced following being in contact with other cultures. As such, professionals should take it into consideration when providing services to the Latinos. The act leads to changes in behavior, language, values and knowledge. The cultural orientation to various cultures should be well understood so that the practitioners can be able to provide services to the population (Torres & Rollock, 2004). Health Disparities It is considered true that nonwhite population in the U.S may not at times receive health services as required. The minority groups also avoid seeking the services and instead seek help from local informal facilities. Miscommunication and misconceptions between clients that may lead to confusion should, therefore, be reduced so that everyone is subjected to equal rights for health issues. Latinos misconception that they are not being treated fairly as the whites should be eliminated and they should be encouraged to continue seeking medical facilities when in need. Social Stigma Welfare programs instilled address personal responsibility and individualism. The existing oppression is not given due consideration. This makes the systems to overlook family needs and other social concerns. Language is also a barrier that makes most Latinos fail to secure jobs. For those who do, they must be able to speak English or have translators. Many children are also taken into custody at an increasing rate than children from the white community. To overcome social problems, the social service agencies should recruit Spanish speaking service providers to assist in language disparity issues. Different values from the cultures should be aligned positively for the social wellbeing (Prelow & Loukas, 2003).
Dobash, Margo and Daly have given a comprehensive insight into the myth of sexual symmetry in marital violence (71). There has been a general belief in the United States and many other countries around the world violence against women is just as prevalent as violence against men. These scholars set forth to dispel this myth and to give more insight into the issue of violence against women, and how power and gender play off in the current society. The world has experienced massive changes in the social structure. Various countries have seen the position of women in the society in terms of power and related facets. Women empowerments, gender equality, empowering the girl child are terms that are common, and reflect the shift of power, from an all-powerful man, to a society where both genders are empowered. Power in relation to gender is something that has been there since time in memorial. Gender in this context refers to the state of being a male or a female and their social roles as determined by their mental, physical, and behavioral character. For a long time, power was based on the physical strength of an individual, and for that matter, men were considered more powerful (Connell 21). This has changed a great deal. This paper seeks to define gender and power given the current societal context based on the analysis given by the above mentioned scholars. Dobash, Margo and Daly hold that women are yet to gain power in the modern day society (79). Power in the past years was associated with men in the society. In various fields, from politics, religion, and culture or family, men would dictate how things would be done, while women were viewed as being weak, and their opinions were less valued. In those past years, women were strictly given no audience in any social gathering. Their role was restricted to taking care of the domestic chores and most importantly, taking care of the interests of their husbands. All along men have been viewed as having the potential and ability to be dominant in all aspects of life while a woman’s role was to respond to men’s decision (Morris and Tahira 29). This has for a long time undermined women and lowered their esteem in the society. In many societies around the world, women would never be given any position considered powerful. They have for a long time been sidelined and placed at the receiving end. There was a massive distinction between the two genders. Men were would always have their way in most of the events, and the society felt this was normal. Power and authority was generally believed to be a preserve for men. Dobash, Margo and Daly demonstrate this is their analysis (79). Connell (56) argues that an analysis into gender and power demonstrates that symmetry of power between the two genders is yet to be achieved. The scholar brings out the fact that women in the modern days should bring out their best in all they do; and that women have as much
Like many others, I was convinced that philosophy was detached from reality and its concepts did not apply to the real world. However, throughout this course, I became acquainted with a wide array of ideas which I found to be actively manifesting in my life. In this paper, I would like to elaborate on how Plato’s Cave, the Apology of Socrates, and Descartes’ Meditations relate to my experience. Plato’s Cave helped me comprehend the limits of human knowledge whereas the Apology of Socrates and the divine paradox set me out on a journey of self-discovery. Lastly, Descartes’ Meditations made me question my moderate fatalist views and the concept of predetermination that I used to find favorable. Plato presented his Allegory in the form of an extended metaphor of a cave dwelled by people who watch shadows projected on the blank wall in front of them. The prisoners are unable to see the objects that cast these shadows nor can they leave the cave, for they are chained to the wall. Even though at first, this Allegory appeared to be rather bizarre, after giving it some thought, I realized that it taught us the bitter truth about the limits of our human condition. In my case, I have always had that striving to be right, get to the root of every problem, and understand the world’s phenomena. In my pursuit of truth, I only operated oversimplified ideas which permeated the Internet, social and mass media. For instance, I found myself in a heated argument with a friend trying to advocate for closed borders and immigration ban. Now I see how what I thought was the right solution was a shadow on the cave’s wall. Its confines would not let me perceive the issue in its complexity. On the other hand, I wondered if anyone could solve such dilemmas. Plato showed me that despite the humankind’s great aptitudes, our cognitive skills are likely to remain limited setting us for life or trial and error. Socrates is an example of a person who died defending his ideas. The part of his legal self-defence speech otherwise known as the Apology that struck me the most was “The Wisest Man.” In that part, Socrates explained how he solved the divine paradox in which he proved that the wisest of men could be the most ignorant of them all. After some conversations with Athens society’s most renowned members, the philosopher discovered that many of them were impostors, unqualified and unknowledgeable. He concluded that he would rather be himself than any of those people no matter how much adoration and respect they were receiving. My example deals with modern day realities and will hopefully showcase how timeless Socrates’ wisdom is. I used to be a social media addict, and like many other young people, I squandered my time on Instagram. For several months, I followed one girl Stacey from high school closely, for the life she was living (or at least seemed to be live) was the definition of my dream life. I compared myself to Stacey continuously, assessing every aspect of her life from her outfits to her life goals worth admiration. One can only imagi
Introduction The telecommunication sector plays an essential role in the development of modern economies worldwide. It allows countries to get substantial revenues from the exploitation of various information and communication technologies (ICTs), infrastructures, and networks and, therefore, may help them to stimulate the economic growth considerably (Ameen & Willis, 2016). For this reason, it is essential to ensure that the telecommunication sector remains competitive, innovative, and advanced as these features can contribute to the strengthening of the national economy. As for the telecommunications market in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), its performance is currently flawed. According to Ameen and Willis (2016), two primary telecommunications operators in the UAE, Emirates Telecommunications Corporation (Etisalat) and Emirates Integrated Telecommunications Company (du), have been experiencing a decrease in profitability since 2015. The duopoly structure of the local sector may be viewed as the major reason why it is underperforming nowadays because duopolies and monopolies are characterized by reduced competition levels and, thus, do not motivate enterprises enough to enhance their product portfolios, pricing, quality, and value of services (Enhan, 2016). In its turn, the lack of competition in the UAE telecommunications market is defined by its present-day legal environment. Therefore, the present paper will aim to analyze relevant laws and policies determining how the sector works nowadays and will focus mainly on the UAE Telecommunications Law and the Competition Law since these pieces of legislation play the most important roles in regulating telecoms and competition across the local markets. As part of the review, major market failures and regulatory flaws will be identified and, consequently, recommendations for the improvement will be proposed. Overview of the Relevant Regulatory Environment Sector-Specific Regulations The most important legislation in the UAE telecoms sector is the Federal Law by Decree No. 3 of 2002 Regarding the Organization of the Telecommunications Sector, also known as the UAE Telecommunications Law. In accordance with the provisions of this law, the Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA) was established and is now responsible for the management of each legal and practical aspect of the sector’s performance. According to Yallapragada (2017), the main duties of this independent governmental body include the monitoring of service quality, promotion of the sector development, as well as creation and enforcement of the relevant policies, norms, and rules. Among them is the General Policy for the Telecommunications Sector in the State of the UAE. Regulation Objectives It is valid to say that the latter policy is primarily growth-oriented and is aligned with the government’s overall strategic objectives for the development of non-oil sectors in the country. A few of the ways through which the TRA strives to attain these targets is the promotion and development of new technologies, infrastructure enhancement, and investment in research and develo
The Most Appealing Ideas Expressed by the Author In his book A Whole New Mind , Daniel Pink focuses on a discussion of one of the major changes in the modern society that have occurred under the influence of such professes as industrialization and the rapid development of technologies. To be more precise, discussing the degree to which this shift impacted ordinary people, the author emphasizes a certain change in values in terms of talents and skills. According to the author’s idea, due to the heavy presence of technologies, as well as the overall orientation towards technological progress and innovation in most workplaces, the so-called “right-brainers” are the most valuable human resources today. In this regard, right-brainers are the people whose mentality and ways of thinking and cognition are based on creativity, inventiveness, artistic qualities, the need for unique ways of self-expression, and the ability to see the bigger picture and envision the desired change. In particular, in the introductory section of his book, Pink specifies that computer programmers, MBAs, and lawyers have been the most successful and valuable professionals over the last several decades. However, according to the author, the time of their success is coming to an end, and soon they would be replaced by people with completely different kinds of minds. As explained by the author, crunching numbers, cranking computer codes, and crafting contracts are very mechanical tasks that are suitable for mathematicians who are used to working in fixed conditions and following a precise set of rules. The author emphasizes that the new generation of successful and valuable minds will be different. Specifically, creative and artistic individuals will become more wanted in the flexible business and workplace environments that are about to spread throughout various industries. The Implications of the Ideas in the Book for Me as an Educator This book was written as an informative resource for business professionals and leaders who are building their careers these days. However, reading this book from the perspective of an educator, I was able to gain some valuable insights for my profession as well. For example, I approached the ideas in this book as pieces of advice concerning the needs of future professionals, as well as the environments in which they would have to fit in order to stay relevant. In particular, Pink’s idea that creative and flexible minds will be more wanted implies that modern school teachers have to focus on the provision of the appropriate skill sets for their students. To be more precise, creative problem-solving, free and unlimited self-expression, advanced information delivery, public speaking, and writing maybe some of the most important domains and s
The transmission of disease requires the interaction of the environment, an agent, and the host of the disease. Diseases may be transmitted through media such as air, water, and contact. Airborne diseases are transmitted from one host to the other with air as the medium (Kigen 13). In an elevator bound for the fifth floor, a person with a cough may transmit several diseases to the people sharing the elevator car. The following essay highlights some of the infections that may be acquired from an individual coughing in the elevator. Airborne microorganisms in the elevator may be bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic (Yassin 21). The most common microorganisms spread via this route are viruses (Prince 15). Examples of viruses are the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), flu viruses, influenza, Ebola, Marburg, and common cold viruses. Airborne infections are difficult to control because they often do not require an intermediate host. In fact, some of the current outbreaks if influenza strains have spread over continents and killed several people (Smith 27). Viruses are the commonly acquired through the respiratory route and spread in the same manner (Yassin 19). However, most of the common respiratory viruses cause a self-limiting illness that is rarely fatal. Some viral illnesses such as Ebola usually lead to morbidity and mortality of victims. These are, however, rare and require public health interventions to ensure that they do not spread fast. Vaccines are available for most of the respiratory illnesses that are caused by viruses. Aside from viral infections, some bacterial infections are also airbo