ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Problem In any discussion, problem identification is a critical provision helpful in drafting considerable arguments. The kind of problem identified will influence the outcome/product of the intended discussion. Additionally, focusing on a given problem is enough to unveil the required information about the matter (Guffey & Patricia 279). For example, considering a business problem in any industry will help in identifying other related matters and relevant issues applicable to such contexts. It is from such a phenomenon that the entire themes of the discussion and appropriate information regarding the matter emerge. For example, there is a problem of diversity management in numerous businesses. Identifying and scrutinizing workplace diversity will help in developing a good forum where anybody can have a chance to contribute substantially to the matter. Precisely, inefficient management of workplace diversity is a massive problem for numerous businesses as indicated earlier. Consequently, there are strategies, which should be set to help in curbing the problem and improving the situation. Agreeably, it is crucial to embrace and manage diversity in the workplace with due proficiency to ensure that most concerned businesses gain remarkably from the mentioned business trends. Precisely, the process of problem identification and clarification is important in developing any considerable discussion forum. It helps in giving a clear picture of the problem in question with the consequent development of relevant ideologies regarding the matter. The process is very critical in various circumstances as demonstrated by the example mentioned earlier. Process Process in this context refers to how the aspects of research can be executed to unveil relevant information regarding the issue under scrutiny. The writing and presentation process will require an elaborate research process to ensure that the study attains viable information usable in this context. This forms a very lucrative provision concerning information presentation. It is improper to present less investigated information since its validity and authenticity might be challenged. Precisely, research will help in validating the information achieved and other relevant matters concerning the topic. It will help with vast knowhow on the issue (Reifer 16). For example, while writing and discussing more regarding workplace diversity management problems (as a business problem), researching on valid information entailing the benefits of diversity, management stipulations, promotion of diversity in the workplace, and other relevant issues will help massively. Research helps in facilitating the processes of writing and authenticating the information presented to the audience. It is from this perspective that the issues of process and the entire 3Ps in this context matter with massive relevancy. It is important to research extensively on any matter before attempting to write critically on it. This is helpful in various contexts and endeavors t
Introduction Every experienced investor understands that comprehensive financial projections for new organizations are outcomes of imagination and should be managed with a lot of care. William confirms this idea in the article ‘How to Write a Great Business Plan.’ I will provide a brief synopsis of the article. In addition to the brief synopsis, I will assess the relevance of the opinions presented in the article. Synopsis The article highlights that investors who intend to write effective business plans should create a framework that rationally evaluates four critical independent facto,rs. These factors are the people, the opportunity, the context, and risk and reward. The people are managers of the business plan. William says that assessing the profile of the venture’s team is highly essential because without the right team, the other factors cannot be helpful. Therefore, a good business should incorporate the founders’ education background, place of origin, professional accomplishments, skills and experience, reputation in the industry, and level of commitment to the venture. In addition, it should include an analysis on how the team is realistic about the opportunities for success and challenges the business will encounter. Further, it should evaluate opportunities for innovations and records of past success in the field. An effective business plan should show that the venture’s team has the experience and ability to manage the business. Subsequently, regarding the opportunity, an effective business plan should answer two questions. First, is the market for the product or service large, promptly developing, or both? Next, is the market structurally attractive? Investors and entrepreneurs prefer large and quickly developing markets. Smart investors want to discover high- growth –potential markets early in their development. The business plan should indicate who the customers in the new venture are, customers’ patterns of buying the product or service, the level of demand, the best price, the cost of attracting a customer, and chances of retain a customer. It should also provide information on mechanisms for reaching all identified customers, the cost of producing and delivering the product or service, and the cost of customer service. The author also provides that opportunities exist in context. Macroeconomic factors, such as inflation and exchange rates, and government rules and regulations determine the trading environment. Context can make it hard to start new enterprises. Conversely, it can make starting new businesses simple. Occasionally, a shift in context may make an attractive business unattractive. It can also make unattractive business attractive. A good business plan should show certain pieces of evidence associated to context. First, it should show that the management team is aware how the context either assists or hinders their specific plan. Second, it should clearly show that the team understan
I see the role of diversity and the inclusiveness of diverse groups in healthcare as very important. Medical institutions need to aim to increase diversity, as represented by the workforce, with people of different socio-economic backgrounds, ethnicities, races, religions, cultures, genders, and sexual orientations. This has a positive impact not only on the organization but on individual patients and the community as a whole. The healthcare team needs to be as diverse as the patients who provide the service. This creates a feeling of inclusiveness both among patients and employees. I am a female, first-generation African-American studying healthcare. Both of my parents are immigrants, who moved to the United States, and we are an average-income family. My race makes me a part of a diverse group, which I am quite proud of. I believe that my achievements, both personal and professional, could contribute not only to the improvement of a specific subject area but also to the situation with diversity in modern society. Based on my prior experience, I could say that if a patient obtains a feeling of community and has a healthcare provider who identifies with them, the experience that the patient is going through will be more pleasant for them. When I had a work experience as a nurse, there was an old black woman that was very scared and stressed because of her diagnosis; she spoke in an African dialect, which is why she sometimes had difficulties explaining her needs. Her stress level negatively influenced her health conditions and treatment outcome. I decided to help to take care of her, after which she expressed very much gratitude for me and said that I gave her a feeling of trust. I was able to explain some of the things she could not explain to my colleagues because of the language barrier. I believe that there are many cases like this where patients need more understanding and support from people of the same group. Lack of diversity can lead to disruption of communication with patients due to differences and even cultural prejudices. Serious errors can occur if the patient is unable to speak sufficiently or express their needs. The experience that I have gone through has greatly contributed to shaping my understanding of diversity and gave me a notion of how I could implement elements of diversity in my future work. In my future career, I would like
Introduction Florence Nightingale is considered the founder of nursing by establishing the concept of ‘good nursing practice’, a curriculum and training school for nurses. However, her contribution to the modern practice covers a wider area than just nursing practice (Lopes & Santos, 2010). Nightingale had a strong desire to devote her life in service of others and the nation. She overcame her family’s opposition to work as a nurse, a less prestigious occupation at the time. The events and scenes of the Crimean War provide evidence of the rates human suffering and deaths that motivated Nightingale to realize the role of proper care for the injured (Kelly, 2012). To her, most deaths resulted from improper care rather than gunshots. Nightingale founded the world’s first school of nursing at St Thomas Hospital in 1860, which became the foundation of Nursing curriculum, practice, training and research. Her numerous works, some of which were published after her death in 1900, provides an indication of the material research she conducted in her nursing career. To the modern nursing context, Nightingale’s work has contributed to nursing research, care, leadership and public health reforms (McDonald, 2012). This indicates the need to study Nightingale’s work as a foundation of modern nursing from the perspectives of leadership, research and social development. Purpose statement According to various authors, Nightingale’s work provides some evidence that her contribution to health reforms in the public sector is a major aspect of her legacy, which influences the modern guidelines and programs in public health reforms. The purpose of this paper is to analyze Nightingale’s contribution to modern nursing with an aim of predicting the possible future of nursing. It is possible that the future of nursing will remain strongly inclined to Florence Nightingale’s ideas of nursing, despite the technological, social and economic developments in the modern health and nursing field. Historical background Florence Nightingale’s contribution to modern nursing started long before her involvement in the Crimean War. Evidently, historical facts indicate that she wanted to serve the community throughout her life, a fact that is portrayed by her dedication to work rather than the family. Nightingale was born in Bellosguardo, Italy, on 12 May 1820 to a wealthy British family. The family returned to England in 1821 and settled in Embley, where Nightingale received her early education (Stanley & Sherratt, 2010). The young woman had a passion for nursing as a way of serving her community, although the family rejected this idea. However, most authors agree that the actual contribution to nursing began during and after the Crimean War. At the time, legal codes prohibited women from serving in the military, but some were called to care for the injured troops. Ni
Over a period, various animals have shown myriad changes, especially in relation to diseases and behaviors exhibited by them. Most veterinary doctors have noted an increase in the frequency of chronic diseases, including but not limited to skin allergies, teeth disorders and cancer, among others (Wolfensohn & Lloyd 2013). In the same vein, pet trainers have reported a change in the behaviors of pets during and after trainings due to the fact that most of them have shown loss of interest and relatively high levels of aggression towards owners (Dawkins 2006). Given this background information, there is need to understand the various causes of such diseases and behavioral changes. Naturally, all organisms have a natural way of healing themselves when subjected to disease-causing organisms. For example, when they are protected from harsh environmental conditions and offered a well balanced diet that is able to provide essential nutrients, which promote the natural immune system (Korte, Olivier & Koolhaas 2007). However, most animal owners use traditional animal management practices that weaken animals’ immune systems, thereby rendering them susceptible to various acute and chronic diseases. With increased animal diseases and behavioural changes, there is a need to establish an integrated, holistic and natural approach in the management of these animals (Dawkins 2006). It is paramount to note that the management of the health systems needs to focus on an integrated approach to the management of these animals to have healthy and useful animals. The concepts of animal health and behaviour have attracted a lot of research in the field, and the results are shocking. This has prompted a holistic healing process that encompasses an integrated practice in which an animal is allowed to heal both physically and emotionally. Holistic veter
Introduction: Shakespeare’s Wisdom and Wit The ideas in Shakespearean plays have never been too on-the-nose; conveyed in an extremely subtle manner, they often hid in between the lines, allowing the readers time to ponder ethical dilemmas. Not necessarily being the focus of the work, the given problems nevertheless stood out on their own, making it clear that the poet addressed the social issues of the time as well as telling entertaining stories. Which is even more enthralling, the ethical issues that Shakespeare raised in his works still remain topical. Considering the issues that concern rather human nature than the morals of a particular epoch, Shakespeare created timeless works that offered the readers timeless dilemmas, as well as the solutions to these dilemmas, hidden between the lines of his works. A Midsummer Night’s Dream, a comedy with an unusual moral question for the audience to consider, is one of such works. Thesis Statement: Despite its age and topic, A Midsummer Night’s Dream brings up topical legal and ethical issues, as well as creates a connection between people and nature, bringing up the principles of strength, power and stealth as the key means to win, which the primitive society was guided by. The plot of a Midsummer Night’s Dream can hardly be related to anything legal, with its fairytale setting and the romantic premises. Analyzing the curves of the plot, however, one will come across the fact that the play offers a very unusual perspective on parenthood, namely, on adoption and the rights of a custodian. Though it is usually considered that a mother should be given the rights to take care over a child, in case of a father and a stepmother, the issue becomes much more complicated. Therefore, the problem that arises between Titania and Oberon can be seen from the legal point of view as well. Moreover, it is necessary to mention that the play blurs the line between the legal solutions of the problem and a more ancient and, therefore, more savage means to solve the given problem. Using brutal force, Oberon tries to get the hold of the child, while Titania flees with her son, relying on her cunning rather than on the support from anyone with enough authority. Finally, in addition to the criminal subtext and the nature versus nurture issue, the play also offers a gender problem that stems from the conflict between Titania and Oberon. Concerning both biological specifics of gender and, therefore, referring to the previously raised nature–nurture argument, as well as setting male and female gender apart and, thus, leading to a gender issue, the conflict leads to a question concerning who has the qualities of a better parent. However, it is worth mentioning that the third issue can also be viewed as a contribution to the argument concerning the legal rights for adoption. While the former issue is relatively independent and, thus, can be used as an argument in discussions, the latter is an implication stemming from the biological premise
The article titled, Health Impact Assessments Are Needed in Decision Making about Environmental and Land-Use Policy, introduces a view that healthcare is the responsibility of all government sectors, not just designated health agencies. The author believes that regulations made throughout government entities can influence public health. He proposes that policies, plans, and projects be evaluated with recommendations for healthier choices. Some issues that could facilitate further review include minimum wage requirements, utility assistance for low-income families, and additional regulation on air quality and land use (Wernham, 2011). There are many environmental aspects that can affect the health of citizens. How the roads are designed and maintained can affect the cost of fuel and the amount of wear and tear on a vehicle. Highways can add excessive air and noise pollution. The location of businesses and power plants can affect the food supply, air quality, and natural resources of the area. Even the condition or lack of sidewalks can be a safety concern (Wernham, 2011). The author’s desire is to warn the reader about the monetary costs and health implications of ignoring the environmental impacts on health. Poverty influences health; it leads to such problems as obesity, malnutrition, cardiovascular disease, mental health disorders, and diabetes. Financial assistance can alleviate some of this risk. Poor air quality increases the likelihood of asthma and cancer. The noise and pollution from highways can also affect respiratory function and well-being. If people are able to live in safe and clean areas and eat healthy food, they will have a greater chance of success. If pollutants are placed away from people and food sources, the people will not be subject to the potential side effects as easily. The location and condition of parks and sidewalks can reduce physical injury and encourage exercise; both are good for continued health (Wernham, 2011). The author believes that the reward of health outweighs the potential monetary cost. At this point, the cost and convenience for a business are the biggest inhibitors. Rightfully, there will be the added cost of evaluation, training, and alterations. However, the health of the people is more important than the bottom line. In response to monetary concerns, the author proposes the introduction of laws and regulations to make everyone equally accountable. The author also proposes the need for funding sources. The cost of safety should never be an excuse (Wernham, 2011). Some businesses and companies are already taking the initiative to create a healthy nation. In one instance, an apartment complex for the elderly was to be built near a highway. There was concern about the noise and pollution, especially for those individuals with pre-existing health conditions. The builders added a garden area to buffer the excess sound and altered the air intake vents to face away from the highway
The shareholders’ perspective of the issue relative to The drug manufacturing company Malaria being a tropical disease mostly neglected by many pharmaceutical companies particularly in developed countries, the company’s innovation in designing a new cure for this disease will help to bridge the global health gap that exists between developed and developing countries. By investing less expensively in the research and development of the new drug, the company will also be able to develop effective and less expensive medication for many malaria patients worldwide (Oprea, Braunack-mayer and Gerickle, 2008, p.310) The company’s shareholders Drug research involves the identification and designing of new therapeutic agents while drug development entails the activities through which a new therapeutic agent is approved as being suitable for use as a medication. These two processes are very expensive for any pharmaceutical company wishing to develop a new drug because only a small percentage of all discovered drugs will end up being approved after investing heavily. According to Bain & company press release (2003), it is estimated that these costs can be as high as 1 billion USD considering that it takes a long time for revenue to be generated. Therefore, a company needs to consider these issues if the company expects to obtain reasonable revenue out of the huge investment. The Food and Drug Administration FDA’s regulations provide for the approval of drugs before they enter the market by undergoing pre-clinical and clinical trials. However, a company may obtain an exemption from these regulations through the investigational new drug (IND) application. Under this application, there are three IND types which include: an investigator IND/ research IND, emergency use IND, and the treatment IND. These types allow for the testing of unapproved therapeutic agents on human subjects. The emergency IND can also allow for studies to be conducted on patients relative to the provisions of 21 CFR, sec.312/ sec. 312.34 or when the patient or drug does not meet the prevailing testing protocols. On the other hand, the treatment of IND can be availed for a drug that is perceived to be portent against a life-threatening disease (U.S. Food and Administration, 2010). This company can apply any of the above is to be able to carry out tests for the new malaria cure on human beings. Malaria Sufferers As stated
A good number of inventions noted that a sequence of individual immobile pictures set into movement created the delusion of motion. This concept came to be known as the persistence of vision. A British physician named Peter Mark Roget in the early years of the 1800s first noted the phenomenon 1 . It was the revolutionary step in the growth of the cinema. Before this, many innovations related to motion and vision had been developed. These were the precursors to the origin of the motion picture industry. This essay outlines the history of the film industry through the centuries. A lot of emphasis will be paid to the era when sound was incorporated in the film industry. The impact of the introduction of sound to the film industry will also be discussed with specific reference to two Hollywood classic movies. As mentioned above, the infancy of the film industry was preceded by a number of technologies. One of them was the magic lantern. Athanisius Kircher in Rome invented this device in the 17 th century. It could project images using a simple light source. In 1824, the Thaumatrope was invented. It was the most basic adaptation of an optical illusion toy that used the notion of persistence of vision. An English doctor called John Ayrton Paris invented the device 2 . In 1831, Michael Faraday, a British scientist, discovered the law of electromagnetic induction. This principle was deployed in the generation of electricity to power motors and other equipment including film machines. In the following year, Joseph Blaeau, a Belgian, invented the Fantascope, also referred to as the Phenakistiscope or, simply put, the spindle viewer. The device was used to reproduce sound. A succession of distinct depicting pictures stages of an action was set around the peripheries of a slotted disk. The spectator would view the pictures through slots 3 . Two years after this discovery, another stroboscopic device called the Daedalum or Zoetrope (as it came to be named in 1967) was invented. This was courtesy of a British inventor called William George Horner. The device was a hollow, rotating cylinder or drum. It had a crank with a strip having a series of pictures, drawings and paintings in progression. The images were in the interior surface. A spectator would view the pictures in ‘motion’ through slim slits. Five years following this discovery saw of yet another milestone invention in the film industry. This was the invention of still ph