ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The undersigned attest the information in the following budget represents policies and programs that will be implemented in the next school fiscal year in order to position the school towards satisfying and conforming to the policy spelled out by No Child Left Behind Act Section 1116 (c) This budget has been read and recommended by: School Principal……………………………………………………signature …………… Director of Studies and special programs………………………….signature……………. Dean of studies……………………………………………………..signature……………. Board of trustee representative……………………………………..signature……………. Parent-Teacher Association (PTA) representative…………………..signature…………… This day……………..of ………….. (Month) 2009. The Santa School is grateful for the support that the school community has provided towards passing recommendations for inclusion of different elements into the Fiscal year 2009/2010 budget. The school fraternity is thankful to serve in an engaged and caring community. This partnership in decision-making is an important ingredient of an education system that achieves its set working goals and objectives. The school audit committee worked tirelessly on the Fiscal year 2009/2010 budget and ended up balancing the needs of the taxpayers whilst maintaining a high level of educational planning and targeting. The internally audited budget for fiscal year 2009/2010 took into considerations inflation factors that negatively affected financial forecasting for the fiscal year 2008/2009 budget. The budget was planned to address management problems and student performance which has been below average and has resulted in great transfer of many students. The budget for the fiscal year 2009/2010 is envisioned to be a stimulus towards positive change management, improving performance index of students especially in mathematics and English. The school resolution committee and the school board of governor during May 4th 2009 meeting abandoned construction of an additional exit/entrance to the school which had been earmarked by the fiscal year 2008/2009 budget and failed to be realized following economic recession. The budget satisfies account balances at the beginning of the fiscal year 2009/2010 according to audit report, approved by the audit committee as a reflection of expenses and revenue for the fiscal year 2008/2009. The budget has gone through all internal audit procedures and is a product of all receipts and revenues that are expected and accounted for the fiscal year 2009/2010. The proposed school performance index improvement plan for the academic year 2009/2010   * Vision Statement: The school envisions adding value to the learning mechanisms of the students by ensuring the students develop, cultivate and adopt learning methods that can enable them to apply acquired knowledge in solving day-to-day problems.   * Goal Statement: The school strives to improve performance index of all students by en
Introduction This is a branch of electrical sciences involved with the studies of unintentional generation, propagation as well as reception of electromagnetic energy with a particular reference to electromagnetic Interference, EMI, (unwanted effects) that may come along with that kind of energy. EMC’s main goal is correct operation within a similar electromagnetic environment and avoid interference effects of the equipment that use electromagnetic phenomena. Thus EMC aims at pursuing emission and susceptibility or immunity issues, Eric S. R, and Radke C. J. (1991) Coupling Mechanisms There are different types of coupling mechanisms that includes; conductive coupling, inductive coupling, capacitive coupling, magnetic coupling and radioactive coupling. Conductive coupling takes place when there is a direct contact between the source and the receptor e.g. by a wire, transmission line or a cable. Inductive coupling takes place when there is a short distance (less than a wavelength) between the source and the receiver. Magnetic coupling occurs when there is a varying magnetic field between two parallel conductors that are less than a wavelength apart thus causing a voltage across the receiving conductor. On the other hand, capacitive coupling takes place when there is a varying electric field between two adjacent conductors less than a wavelength apart. Electromagnetic or radioactive coupling occurs when the source of noise and sink are more than a wavelength apart. The sink and the source act as radio antennae where the electromagnetic waves emanating from the source crosses the open space and is received by the sink, McFee, S and Giannacopoulos, D., (2001). Cause and effects of EMC To avoid the direct effect of EMC, it is a requirement to observe certain rules for example switch off electronic devises before taking a flight. In this instance it is required that the electronic systems, equipments and other electrical devises be in a position to operate in a defined margin of safety in their intended electromagnetic environment as well as at levels that do not cause unacceptable degradation due to electromagnetic interference. Devises such as radio transmitters, hand phones, motor drives devices and solid state switching devises cause electromagnetic pollution due to the emissions they give out to the environment. Susceptible electronic equipment will thus be affected by these emissions. It’s thus apparent that the EMC issues cannot be ignored, Martha M. Y., (1991). There are
Introduction The historical development of cities and their effects on the economic and political prosperity in Australia are popular topics of the political and economic analysis. Much has been written and said about the role of cities for the economic stability in Australia. However, the effects of political power on the historical development of Australian cities are poorly understood. The relationship between city evolution and changes in Australia’s political landscapes is frequently overlooked. This paper links the process of urban development in Australia to the political and power processes that shaped the direction of the main architectural decisions in the 19 th and 20 th centuries. The results of this architectural analysis suggest that, from their inception until present, Australian cities have been heavily influenced by the politics of rationalism and power advantages, which eventually turned the Australian city into an expression of the exercise of power by those in control. Main body The history of urban development in Australia dates back to the middle of the 19 th century, when cities reflected Australian commitment to sustained economic and social prosperity. From their inception, cities in Australia had to reflect and pursue a complex cluster of the national and individual values and promote the well-being and comfort of citisens. Most urban architects in 19 th century Australia were confident that “the streets should be wide and tree-planted, that the circus, the square and the boulevard, straight and curved lines, park lands, gardens and the like should find their proper places; that the public, semi-public and private building blocks should be disposed in due relation one to the other” (Hamnett & Freestone 2000, p.29). 19 th century architects believed that Australian cities had to have their structures and streets well adapted to the needs of their residents (Hamnett & Freestone 2000). As a result, civic beautification became the central ingredient of the historical city development in Australia at the beginning of the 20 th century. The civic beautification ideology embraced the principles of artistic expression through refined urban forms (Hamnett & Freestone 2000). At that time, few Australian cities could boast architectural squares or noble vistas (Hamnett & Freestone 2000). Business districts that emerged in response to accelerated economic growth in Australia resembled a chaotic compilation of uncoordinated heights and designs networked by telephone and telegraph wires (Hamnett & Freestone 2000). By contrast, the civic beautification ideology pursued the idea of an artistically pl
In New Zealand, various supportive legislations exist to assist the employees to gain equal power. These legislations generally gain support from the masses and are hailed and supported throughout. Various legislations in employee relations are evident that focus on supporting the employees from the oppressive employer. Individualization of employees has been an area of debate throughout the country since 2000 when Employment Relations Act was passed. The newly liberalized industrial relations in New Zealand were met with uncertainty and therefore require proper understanding to demonstrate the supportive elements in the acts. This paper discusses three such legislations in New Zealand – Human Rights Act, Health and Safety in Employment Act (HSE), and Privacy Act. The main issue related to the present employment relations act is that they are still based on the erstwhile principle of setting minimum standards. Therefore, even the supportive legislations are based on the principle of setting minimum limit for the whole body rather than substantiating a full-length right to the employees. Further, the supportive legislations have assumed a generality aura therefore neglecting many of the details of law. The main aim of the New Zealand laws related to employment is to accentuate best practices, ensure quality management systems and increase performance and productivity. In terms of the first act under discussion, Health and Safety in Employment Act is considered to be a basic minimum right of the employees. This legislation postulates that business owners are required to maintain a clean and safe working conditions. This legislation aims to prevent any harm caused to the employees, contractors, or visitors from hazardous working environments. This was enacted in 1992. The general regulations as mentioned in the act are twofold. First, setting minimum standards for the management team to ensure that hazard preventive measures are taken in order to maintain safety of the workplace. Minimum standards are taken in case of hazard prevention, as all may not always effectively implement complete preventive measures. Second, proper internal auditing and inspection of the safety measures must be done regularly (Department of Labour, 2010). Under general workplace regulations, all workplaces are expected to take proper precautions to avoid harm and hazards. Prior notification of constructions that might be hazardous must be done. Compliance certification must be taken before any work is done. When there are, young people at the workplace special, care must be taken of them. Further accommodation must be provided for agricultural workers. HSE Act also provides for the safe installation and maintenance of machinery used in the workplace. This area of the act related to hazardous machinery can be extended through “HSE Pressure Equipment, Cranes and Passenger Ropeways) Regulations 1999; and Amusement Devices Regulations 1978” (Department of Labour, 2010). Further, the act also has developed codes of practices for certain machinery like cranes, boilers or pressure equipment, and ropeways. Further, the regulations extend to certain sectors where the level
Executive Summary Emirates Airlines is one of the most profitable and rapidly developing airlines in the world. It is the part of the Emirates Group and headquartered in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates. The airline company develops according to norms and tendencies of the local and global aviation industry and markets. At the macro-environment level, operations and the strategic development of Emirates are most influenced by political, economic, and technological forces. To guarantee the effective long-term performance, Emirates needs to address the increasing competition within the market and the negative impacts of political and economic factors. In spite of using the successful strategy that is oriented to increasing the brand loyalty and quality of services, Emirates can face problems in the future associated with the lack of the appropriate diversification strategy. In this context, it is necessary to propose Emirates to focus more on adapting to market trends in terms of planning to address the larger group of customers. The competition in the industry increases and recommendations for Emirates should also include the market expansion. This approach will lead to improving the policies regarding customer services and to appearing the budget routes for travelers from different countries. These recommendations are important to contribute to enhancing the company’s long-term performance. Introduction Emirates Airlines is one of the rapidly developing airline companies in the world. The aviation industry suffers from a range of political and economic obstacles and challenges today, and much attention should be paid to the strategy followed by Emirates to compete in the market. The purpose of this report is to provide the results of the Emirates strategic case analysis with the focus on the PESTLE analysis, the Five Forces analysis, the SWOT analysis, and the Stakeholder analysis. The report also aims to identify the potential problems in the strategic de
Every religion is very complicated by lots of forbiddances and limitations. Every religion has its peculiarities and religions differ by these peculiarities. Islam is not an exception. Muslims are very religious people; religion is one of the main parts of life for most of them. It may be said that religion is not even a part of life it is a way of life for Islamic people. One of the main peculiarities of the Muslim religion is the treatment of women. There are a lot of limitations to them and in most cases, they take it for granted: it must be so. But some people disagree with it, who want to fight it and win the freedom of choice and freedom for social life for women. The autobiographical story “Dreams of Trespass: Tales of a Harem Girlhood” about the difficult life of a Muslim woman was written by Fatima Mernissi, one of the most famous female scholars in the Muslim world. “Dreams of Trespass: Tales of a Harem Girlhood” is a collection of Fatima Mernissi’s memories from her childhood. Fatima Mernissi wrote her story from the first-person narrative about the life of a girl between four and nine years old. The story depicts the life of women in the harem, how they were discriminated against by men. The story tells us about the domination of men in the Muslim world. The work of Fatima Mernissi represents the reader with light stories, sometimes even humorous, but behind this humor hides the real life of women, who are under twenty-four-hour control by men. One of the main aims of the story is to tell the reader that women in the Islamic world, in harems are cornered but not defeated, that they are controlled, but not paralyzed, and that if they are even hurt, they are not broken. The author underlines in her story that she will continue to tell the world about unfairness in the Muslim world and about her disagreement with it. The story gives us an understanding of the differences between all-known Turkish harem and modern Islamic harem. The Islamic harem is a gathering of wives, daughters, aunts, and grandmothers with no right for freedom under one roof and under the supervision of the male part of the family. Fatima Mernissi wanted to tell the world about the real state of things in Muslim harem, about the real life of women there. We get to know that women in harems live in an environment of exclusion and seclusion. They have not any freedom: to leave the harem they must ask for permission and the
Introduction ETA is the acronym for Euskadi Ta Askatasuna, which is a Basque terrorist organization whose history can be traced back in 1959 when it was established. In its foundation years, the group’s main objective was to promote Basque traditional culture. However, it later evolved into a paramilitary organization pursuing goals such as seeking independence for the Basque nation (Martinez-Herrera 214). As an organization that forms Basque national liberation movement, ETA is mainly involved in conflicts that have been witnessed in the entire Basque region. Since its formation, it has evolved to pursue other activities other than promoting the traditional culture of Basque. The group has been associated with several acts of terrorism. For instance, in1968, the organization was declared by Spain and the entire Europe nations as having taken central roles for killing more than 829 people while seriously maiming scores of others together with conducting several series of kidnappings (Martinez-Herrera 214). This act made America, Britain, Spain, and French declare officially that the group was a terrorist organization. By 2011, approximately 700 persons of the group were taken in a variety of jails across France and Spain among other nations. Indeed, in September 2010, the organization made yet another ceasefire declaration before announcing “a definitive session of its armed activity” in 2011 (Bew, Frampton, and Gurruchaga 197). In November 2012, ETA expressed its willingness to engage in negotiation with the Spanish movement in the effort to cease its illegal activities and break into parts completely. However, this move has not yet happened. It remains to be treated by French, Spain, the U.S., and Britain as a terrorist group. With these promises for reformation given by the ETA and the circumstances leading to the making of such declarations, this research paper presents the history of ETA, discusses its goals, methodologies, organizational demographics, funding, and its effectiveness. Lastly, the paper addresses the question of whether or not it is possible for ETA to shed its use of terrorism while maintaining itself as an effective agent of change. History of ETA ETA emerged from Ekin, which was a group of students, which was frustrated by Basque nationalist party’s (BNP) stance of passiveness in addressing dictatorship issues exacerbated by Franco. BNP has operated a hegemonic opinionated party within the Basque territories right f
Fredrick Taylor in his work The Principles of Scientific Management (1911) said that a leader not only has to have inborn qualities but also has to have some qualities that he acquires over the years. Any man who does not have both can not compete with a man who has acquired these skills and thus is properly organized to efficiently cooperate. In the same work, Fredrick Taylor (1911) said that scientific management is something that will enable both the employees and the employers to resolve their disputes and eventually these issues will be eliminated. The wages for a day and the work that will be carried out within a day will not be something that will cause argument. It will be something that will be determined scientifically. To motivate the workers, the increase in wages will be large enough. This will remove all reason for arguments and disputes over wages and the hours worked. The article, ‘Where Scientific Management went awry,’ by Morgen Witzel, (2005) tells us that although Taylor’s Scientific management helped the industry at that time to make much profits but the negative effects are still existing in some way or the other. Scientific management does have its advantages and these have been experienced by people who had adopted this approach at that time. The advantages of it were a more professional approach and there was preciseness in the research and the measurement that was carried out. The response to scientific management outside the U.S. was not what was expected. Countries like Britain and France, the concept was not accepted from the beginning but in the Soviet Union, the concept was accepted and people did adopt this approach but the end result was not what they had expected and was a total disaster. At the time that this theory was introduced, productivity was at an all time low and Taylor with his colleagues though that they could help the workers with this approach as they workers would be paid more with better working conditions. The came up with the scientific method of doing the job and according to them once this method was established there could be no better method of doing the job. An experiment was carried out in Bethlehem Steel, productivity increased but the costs were high. As a matter of fact the costs were so high that the productivity gains were not sufficient to cover for these costs. The workers thought that the management was playing some kind of trick and by using the piece rate system would eventually lower the real wage. In the American industry, the theory was famous. In France, this theory saw competition from the theory of Henry Fayol. He concentrated on principles that were generic and could adjust themselves according to the situation they were in. this technique or theory went against the theory of scientific management and the concept of having only one method which is the best method. The two principles went against each other in many other ways. Ev
Introduction Repsol S.A. (Sociedad Anonima) is an integrated global company specializing in energy production. Its operations range from the exploration of oil and gas fields to the marketing of petrochemicals, making an important player in the European energy industry. The company was founded in 1987, with the first logo appearing in 1971. The company has adopted a new Growth & Value 2018-2020 strategy that includes such principles as the increase of shareholder distribution, the profitable growth of the company’s business units, the advancement of the energy transition, and the increased financial flexibility. Repsol operates in upstream and downstream business areas. In regards to the former, the company explores and produces natural gas and oil not only in Spain but also in countries such as Norway, Russia, the US, Liberia, Angola, Colombia, and several others. These operations represent the key driver of growth for the company, which became one of the most influential in the industry, with the possession of over forty fields. In terms of the downstream areas, Repsol is involved in the supply and trade of crude oil, the marketing of petroleum products, the refinement of oil, the marketing and production of chemicals, as well as the development of new energies. As Repsol is a Spanish company, its accounting standards are different than US GAAP. In the current report, Repsol will be evaluated on the basis of several important aspects. First, cultural differences will be evaluated as the company is based in Spain, and thus the business culture within it will be different from the US organizations. Second, the differences between US GAAP and IFRS accounting standards will be discussed since Repsol is required to adjust to international guidelines. Third, Repsol’s financial statements will be analyzed to assess the company’s financial health and identify any particular areas of financial struggle. Culture Differences It is inevitable that a Spanish company will have a culture different from organizations operating in the US context. In order to understand these differences, several aspects of corporate culture will be mentioned. It is important for the management of Atlantis Corp. to understand that doing business with a Spanish company can be a shock. First, Repsol will be hierarchically structured: the company has strictly differentiated divisions and a strong system of hierarchy, which is inherent to the Spanish tradition of doing business. Second, despite the significant divide between departments within organizations, business communication in Spain does not take place on formal levels like it is done in the United States. It is expected that when communicating with Repsol representatives, they will show interest in speaking to individuals ranked on a similar level. This means that Atlantis Corp. should prepare its employees that the foreign company will only be