Introduction Production of energy has become a critical issue in environmental conservation as the world battles the increasing global climatic change in the 21 st century. Greenhouse gases emission and oil spills into the environment have become threats to green living. Poor energy production technologies as well as other environmental pollutants that result from the power plants continue to impact on our environment. Production technologies which can give us 100% energy efficiency have not been implemented in most power plants especially in fossil fuel power plants. Oil Spills Oil spills have become part of our history although occasionally, but their consequences have been far reaching and devastating. Among the major oil spills that we have had in history are the 1990 Gulf War oil spill and the BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico which is the most recent. The ex-CEO of BP PLC, Tony Hayward admitted that BP was inadequately prepared to respond to such disasters. Environmental Impacts of Oil Spill Oil spills may result from negligence; poor mechanisms for monitoring the processes of the mining stage and for controlling the potential risks involved in the mining stage or may be intentional as it happened in the Gulf War oil spill. Oil is a viscous liquid and therefore when it occurs in the ocean, it spreads on the surface creating a cohesive oil slick. Since oil contains volatile organic compounds, about 20-40% will evaporate thus reducing the mass available (Karthik 2). The oil vapors in the atmosphere causes toxic acid rain and may also cause erratic climate change. A small percentage dissolves into the water while the remainder, which is now oil residue, forms a thick mousse which floats on the water surface. This interferes with the oxygen supply to marine plants and animals. The marine plants gradually die and with time, the aquatic life which depends on the marine vegetation also dies. This in turn leads to accumulation of toxins in the bodies of fish, oysters, clamps as well as mussels causing the death of other successive members in the food chain. Besides, mammals such as otters and seals lose out water resistant compounds in their coats making it difficult for them to fly (Karthik 3). When it reaches the coastlines, it reacts with the boulders, beach sand, vegetation as well as the terrestrial habitat for flora and fauna thereby contaminating the living habitat. The vegetation along the coastline therefore become vulnerable to erosion due to the effect of the oil on the boulders, gravel and rocks which lie along the coastline and the beach (Karthik 3-4). Impacts on Human Health Exposure to the chemical compounds in oil is perilous to human health. People working in areas that have been polluted by the resulting oil spill suffer from severe headaches, step throat, respiratory problems, and dermatitis among other diseases. Oil spills also cause contamination of sea food leading to food poisoning and may also affect mental health of individuals (Karthik 7-8). Economic Impacts oil Spill When oil spills occur, the country, and by extension the world, loses many tones of oil. Considering that fossil fuels are non-renewable energy resource, such situations lead to continued depletion. More losses are