ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The foundations of army leadership are based on levels and the characteristics of its leaders. Find out more in the essay below. Introduction In the Army, leadership is very important for the success of any institution depend on the leadership in charge. The Army cannot be victorious in facing the challenges of the present security environment without capable leaders. The Army leaders therefore, need to be swift, adaptive, and multi-skilled both in the country and across the world. An Army leader is therefore, anyone who by assumed responsibility or assigned duty inspires and shapes people to achieve organizational goals. As any other leader, army leaders inspire people both inside and outside the series of authority to practice proceedings, focus thoughts, and shape decisions for the better of the organization. Leaders need to authorize subordinates to use their decisive thinking skills against allowing subordinates to become too reliant on lists or looking for plain direction prior to performing any act. They have to be ready to take considered risks and acknowledge the likelihood that, soldiers may make errors. Foundations of army leadership include but not limited to history, loyalty, accountability, evolution, founding documents, and close alliance with the government. Foundations For success of any Army organization, there has to be strong and firm foundations on which the leadership stands. Army leadership hinges on history, loyalty to the Nation’s laws, accountability to authority, and evolving Army doctrine (Mostafa & Kay, 2006, p.143). The application of this knowledge assertively and with devotion trains and establishes experts and multi-skilled leaders. Apart from their own responsibility of individual and professional competence, Army leaders also carry the responsibility of training their subordinates. The Army therefore has three classes of central leader competencies that enable leaders to grow competently at all levels of leadership: that is, lead, develop, and achieve. These competencies and their groups define the offices and roles of leadership. The Army has organized founding documents and every Army Soldier and leader ought to be familiar with them. According to the Army’s manual, “the Army and its leadership requirements are based on the Nation’s democratic foundations, defined values, and standards of excellence” (Mostafa & Kay, 2006, p.169). However, the documents are flexible, due to revision emerging from the amendment of the U. S. constitution from time to time. By the time the Army’s foundation manual was published, the Constitution had undergone twenty-seven amendments. This indicates that the government adapts to changes in the society. The Army and the government have a very close and tight linkage. The Congress has the capacity to hoist and sustain the army while it is the army’s responsibility to defend the states and its territories. Members of the Army vow solemn oaths to “support and defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and domestic” (Brownlee & Schoomaker, 2004, p.148). They also admit the power of the President a
Caterpillar Inc. (CAT) is the global leader in the manufacture of mining and construction equipment, industrial gas turbines, and diesel and natural gas engines. Caterpillar’s machineries are popular around the globe due to their efficiency in heavy commercial activities. Strategic decisions have enabled the company to conquer the market. Caterpillar has operations in all six continents. The foreign direct investments of the company in these locations increase the company’s global presence. Caterpillar has a multi-country strategy that attempts to build the brand name of the company in foreign markets. The strategy strives to address the needs of the customers in these markets. CAT strives to improve the company’s presence in foreign markets. The company is committed to providing high quality products that enable their customers to increase their productivity. High quality products provide the company with a competitive edge. In addition, high quality products improve the company’s brand name and improve the trust and relationships of the company with its customers (Thompson, et al., 2011). Availability of funds provides the company with a competitive edge over its rivals. Acquisition is one of the major strategies that enable CAT to build its brand name. In addition, acquisition increases the product range of the company. This increases the competitiveness of the company. CAT uses the strategic importance of a certain foreign market in determining the strategy that it would pursue in the country. In so doing, CAT takes into consideration the specific needs of the country. This enables the company to develop strategies that would enable the company to improve its presence in the markets. China is one of countries that have a strategic importance in the future development of the company. Huge infrastructural development in the country provides a huge demand for the company’s products. Therefore, capturing this market would make the company reap huge financial rewards. CAT has undertaken steps that would lead to the increase in the production of excavators in China. This would help in meeting the huge demand of the company’s products (Dugan, 2010). However, successful venture of the company in the market necessitates it address issues that face the Chinese society rather than enforcing the ‘American way.’ Marine and Petroleum customers are the major customers of CAT in Brazil. The continued growth of the industries necessitates the company to increase its presence in the region. The recent discovery of a significant
The proper operation of the Human Resources Management Department and a well-developed organizational culture are the basic factors of the success of any organization (Kopelman et al., 2006). Military forces as the specific organization of vital importance for every country should pay close attention to their organizational culture. Work-life practices constitute the foundation of organizational commitment and service dedication, so the effectiveness of the currently applied work-life policies in the US Army is of great importance, and this is the topic of the present paper. To begin with, it is necessary to have a clear picture of today’s situation in the world and possible tasks that US Military forces might get. “Given the especially difficult circumstances surrounding military obligations for U.S. soldiers – for example, an increased threat of deployment due to the current wartime context – a better understanding of how family-friendly perceptions can benefit soldiers is increasingly important.” (PR Newswire, 2008) In other words, US military authorities should deal with the work-life policies they provide regarding the context of the day and situation. Nowadays, the basic work-life practices and policies offered by the US Army include “on-site educational classes” for soldiers and special support groups for their families, possibilities to be employed in military institutions like Medical Corps allowing the perfect work-life balance, annual 30-day paid vacation, and beneficial retirement perspectives (Corps Benefits, 2009). The major essence of all these steps and policies is the ensuring of the perfect relation of time spent by the soldiers at services and in families (Lewison, 2006). It is self-evident that a family-friendly environment and supporting atmosphere provide for the success of any organization, and US Army is on the way to its modification and further development. However, if the aspect of the effectiveness of the above-mentioned work-life policies is taken into consideration, the situation does not seem to be perfect. The major factors supporting this assumption are the failure in the Iraq war and numerous protest demonstrations against the latter in the United States. As far as work-life policies are concerned, both sides, i. e. organization, and family, should be satisfied with them (US Army, 2009). Despite this fact, the situation in the US Army seems far from ideal. The failure in the war can be explained by the lack of a friendly and supporting environment within the army and lack of commitment among soldiers. At the same time, domestic protest actions are the results of the failure in the family-directed work-life policies. Thus, the present rate of work-life policy effectiveness within the US Army can be viewed a rather low. However, the recent changes in the political life of the country including the election of the new President and the change of further foreign and domestic policies of the United States leave the hope that the US Army organizational culture will see positive changes soon. So, to concl
Discussion Political cleavages are the basic defining elements in politics. They represent the diverse members of any community. Since this is the case, it can be concluded that there are very many cleavages since every community has many individuals. Each with his own relatively unique view. There are however a few principal cleavages that interest political scientists. (Knapp and Wright, 26) The first cleavage is called the center – margin. This is the partition of elites in various regions in a country.i.e. those in metropolitan regions and those in more rural areas. This results in regionalism. It expresses itself through the emergence of regional political parties and groups. These parties and groups are seen to primarily push for the desires of the people residing in the regions that they come from. (Knapp and Wright, 59) The second is the state-church division. This draws the line that separates religious and secular voters. Many country’s politics reflect their religious and secular views. The Netherlands for example has several parties that represent the religious and secular divisions that exist (Wilson, 41). The religious parties represent the catholic and protestant camps. The secular parties represent social democratic and liberal views. The third division is the Owner-Worker division. This is caused by class differences. It creates left and right-aligned parties. The parties advocate for the interests of their respective groups. The fourth main cleavage is called Urban-Rural. A good example was in Scandinavia. Here, the rural class were informed and were able to form their agrarian political parties. (Knapp and Wright, 79) Political cleavages are ever emerging. They also can evolve. For example, the cleavage between owner and worker has been subdivided to distinguish between people who have work and those who do not. The cleavages that have contributed to my views include the owner-worker divide. This divide is more prevalent among minority groups in most developed nations. In Britain, a white person’s vote will mostly be influenced by his ethnicity rather than his class. The same goes for a black person in that country. This stresses the importance of the ethnic factor in the electoral process. (Wilson, 99) French politics is divided into the left and right factions. This divide came during the French revolution. The rural poor countryside chose the left side. The urban elite took the rig
Strategy Many definitions of strategy have been given by different scholars over the past few decades. According to Johnson and Scholes, “strategy is the direction and scope of an organization over the long-term: which achieves advantage for the organization through its configuration of resources within a challenging environment, to meet the needs of markets and to fulfil stakeholder expectations” (Johnson & Scholes, 2009, pp.878). In simple words, it can be said, that strategy is basically planing how a business organization can create value for its stakeholders in the future. Henry Mintzberg views strategy in five ways, i.e., as plan, ploy, pattern, position, and perspective, along with their interrelationship (Mintzberg, 1987). While johnson and Scholes view strategy as a tool for creating value, Mintzberg divides the term in five parts and explains how it works. Formulation and Implementation Many different strategic tools have been formulated in the last century by business giants belonging to different industries. These tools have been designed so that the strategy can be successfully implemented in a corporation. Many internal and external factors are taken into consideration before a strategic change can be introduced because it is necessary to prepare for the outcome of the change to avoid shock. Some of the more popular tools of strategy in business include Scenario planning, PESTLE analysis, SWOT analysis, Porter’s Five Forces, etc. All these tools have been used by many business corporations, big and small, all over the world to introduce strategic change in their organizations in order to create more value for the stakeholders. Influence of Strategic Implementation on Managerial decisions Once a strategy has been identified by the organization, the second step is to successfully implement it in an organization. It is then the job of the manager to make sure that the implementation is smooth. While strategic
Introduction Increasing effects of globalization and the rising international business competition have prompted businessmen, organizations and corporations to rethink their global business strategy. International business strategies have become very important in the wake of increasing globalization, as well as, internationalization of established local companies as they attempt to increase their values in the market. Corporations are adopting various strategies such as product standardization and differentiation, adaptation, as well as, product diversification to capture both the domestic and the international market. International business strategy refers to the business plans adopted by corporations and businesses in the global business environment to provide services and products consumers across the globe. Corporations and businesses are therefore developing and adopting strategies which can meet their short and long-term goals. Most corporations have international partners at least at some levels of supply chain to help them overcome the complexities in the international business environment, and as a result, compete favorably in the international market. PepsiCo Inc PepsiCo Inc is among such corporations that apply several global strategies to increase its value in the international market, and to expand its market share. PepsiCo Inc has its headquarters in Purchase, Harrison, New York in the US. The company deals in manufacturing, marketing, as well as, distribution of beverages and grain-based snack foods among other products. The company was first established in the 1890s in the state of Delaware and has since expanded over the years to become a multinational corporation. Its expansion has majorly been through mergers and acquisition. The biggest merger was undertaken in 1965 between Pepsi-Cola Company and Frito-Lay Inc. to form PepsiCo. Inc.; this has become its brand name to-date. After the merger, the company’s headquarters was transferred from Manhattan, Delaware to Purchase, New York five years later. Since 1970s, P
Overview Medical mistakes are common occurrences in the healthcare industry, which impact the quality of healthcare negatively. If causes of frequent medical mistakes in healthcare facilities are not identified, then they would continue to affect the provision of healthcare. In the US, loss of lives as a result of medical mistakes has been on the increase (Allen, 2013). The health information system proposed in this paper will significantly reduce the number of mistakes in the healthcare industry. It will achieve this by identifying sources of clinical mistakes. Also, the system will sound an alarm when mistakes happen and give solutions. Similar health information systems exist in the healthcare industry. For example, some systems are designed to communicate laboratory results across departments, but they do not sound alarms when abnormal values are entered. However, the proposed product will be an excellent system that will link all the hospital departments and/or sections and ensure that activities of personnel are tracked to reduce the number of medical mistakes. The users of the system will be healthcare providers and the product will have a broad scope, which will cover an entire hospital facility. Requirements The system will require specific components so that it would be implemented (Laudon & Laudon, 2011). For example, the end-users will be required to know the basic operations of computer systems and how various parts of a health information system communicate with each other. Also, healthcare providers will be expected to be aware of basic troubleshooting processes. There will be the main server that will be coordinating all communication events across the departments. Also, several computers will be used in ho
A brief history of Emma’s life and how that impacted her political thought on Anarchism Emma Goldman was a Jew in Russia, born in the year 1869. Her home was in an area called Kovno but they later went to St Petersburg. While growing up, Emma Goldman witnessed the social injustices brought on by the powerful leadership of the Tsar. The latter authority controlled economic activities in the country. They were able to stay and enjoy this domination through the creation of highly bureaucratic systems. The Tsars also utilized the support of the Russian Orthodox Church as well as the secret police at that time. These unchecked and unpredictable powers contributed to the amassing of wealth by this authority and the continual suffering of the Russian peasant class. Eventually, revolutionary tendencies started cropping up from various parts of society and certain intellectuals started advocating for some kind of socialism that would dismantle the oppressive government authorities in this country and eventually lead to the empowerment of the individual. Goldman came across this forbidden literature and this is where her consciousness and radical ideas on anarchism started emerging. It should be noted that some of those writers even believed in organized terrorism against government leaders (Wexler, 123). As Goldman continued growing up, the seeds of rebellion were planted in her through her experience with her father who consistently stereotyped women. He believed that women’s value was related to nothing more than having children and taking care of their families. Goldman quickly realized that there was little she could achieve in such an environment especially after her father told her of his intention to marry her off. Her rebellious spirit was soon manifested when she ran away from Russia at 16 with her older sister to the United States. Coming from a highly bureaucratic and repressive country, Emma believed that she would find all her answers in the land of freedom i.e. the United States. Nothing could have been further from the truth. Goldman soon found herself in the ghettos of New York City at a place called Rochester (Wexler, 201). It was at this point when the latter individual found out that although the economic systems were different, the repression of the masses was still rife. In the United States, the environment was dominated by the laissez fair principle which advocated for freedom to compete and participate in the economy. These people believed in survival for the fittest where businessmen would compete and win depending on their might or their level of preparedness. The government intended to do little to interfere in these activities. However, the intentions of laissez-faire were very different from the actual depictions of the principle. Instead of minimizing interference, the government began utilizing loans and subsidies. The effect of this was that only the select few could be wealthy. Monopoly was rife and the government justified this by asserting that th
Introduction Most parents think that the end justifies the means in parenting. However, there are several factors you need to consider before choosing a strategy how to raise your children. You should consider factors, such as emotional affections and the relationships that you and your child will develop towards one another. Also, it is important to see if the strategy will help you achieve the results that you would like to cultivate in your child. Traditional Methods of Education Chua has a very controversial way of raising her daughter Lulu. She prefers the old traditional Chinese methods to the western ways of raising children. There are usually several factors that are considered when raising a child following the codes of conduct in the Chinese tradition. To begin with, Chinese parents usually bring up their children in a more strict and academically successful environment. Chinese parents are usually more demanding than Western ones. This is evidenced in the book where the readers find out that the mother does not allow the thought of failing to preoccupy her daughter to cross her mind. She makes her believe that failing to do something is a thing that is not accepted in her family (Chua). Compared with the western tradition, Lulu has a very big advantage over her Western counterparts. First, her parents emphasize her putting efforts into her daily life and work about her education. Second, Lulu is usually supported by her peers when she works hard at school. This factor can motivate a child to increase his or her efforts in education. According to Chinese tradition, effort and its fruits are the main ingredients to success. Chua states that her parents are very strict and loving at the same time. Such an attitude provides readers with a view of how Chinese parents raise their children (Chua). Chua uses the same strict strategy for bringing her child up. To ensure that her kid works hard at school, Chua chooses extracurricular activities for her. The book demonstrates that she does not fully realize her child’s talent, but this should be the thing her daughter should identify on her own to develop it further. According to the example from the text, Chua forces her seven-year-old daughter to master a new piece to play the piano. In her book, Chua admits threatening her daughter with no food provision and Christmas presents. The threats go on and on for some time. However, Chua’s daughter still plays that piano piece wrong year after year. This causes her mother to cancel her birthday parties for years and years to come. Chua states that she denied her daughter birthday gifts for up to five years while she still kept playing it wrong. She insinuates that her child is purposefully working herself into a frenzy, and that is the reason why she cannot master that piece. Chua does not think beyond her views and reasoning. In the first case, she does not realize the importance of letting her child select her extracurricular activity. As a resul