ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Complex undertakings are associated with various problems. The same is observed in information technology (IT) projects. Major problems that face organizations in the IT sector are mainly liked to budgets, schedules, and quality management. Several approaches have been developed to deal with such issues. They include, among others, ‘rescue the problem project’ and the catastrophe disentanglement approaches. Addressing Troubled IT Projects Rescue the Problem Project The approach was developed by Todd C. Williams. It does not focus on the development of processes that aid in the running of the problematic project. On the contrary, it seeks to establish the root cause of the problem. As such, a failing undertaking is transformed into a success. The main task is to acknowledge the presence of the problem (Williams, 2011). The approach proposes four major steps to help in the recovery of projects. They include audit, analysis, negotiation, and execution phases. The audit process helps the project manager to assess the extent of the problem. The analysis helps to determine issues associated with the processes, technology, and people. More emphasis is put on people. At the same time, dynamics around the problem are identified. The negotiation process is guided by the project manager. The administrator acts as a mediator between the stakeholders (Williams, 2011). As such, transforming red projects into successful undertakings is a team effort. Execution is the final step, which involves solving the problem identified. Efforts are made to prevent the occurrence of the same issues. Catastrophe Disentanglement Approach The strategy was developed by Bennatan. It is aimed at preventing the escalation of problems within projects. It is mainly concerned with undertakings involving the development of software (Bennatan, 2006). Major problems facing such projects include quality, schedule, and cost. The approach places more emphasis on the roles of two key individuals. The two are the project manager (a senior official within the firm) and the evaluator (Bennatan, 2006). The approach proposes ten steps to help resolve the issues facing a project. To begin with, all activities are halted. An evaluator is then assigned. Evaluation of the project status then commences. The team dealing with the undertaking is also evaluated. Minimum goals are defined. An analysis is then carried out to determine whether they are achievable or not. The next step involves rebuilding the team. Risk analysis is conducted by the new team. The team later revises the initial plan (Widman, 2008). Finally, early warning systems are put in place to avert future problems. Similarities and Differences between
RFID Technology RFID is an acronym which stands for radio frequency identification. It is a wireless technology which uses electromagnetic fields in identifying animals, people or objects (Violino, 2013). Many authors contend that RFID is a technology that will tend to replace or supplement other technologies such as barcode (Violino, 2013). RFID is composed of two parts; the tag and the reader. The tag is simply a tiny microchip with a code. The code is the heart of the technology. It is invoked when identifying the object to which the tag is tied to. On the other hand, the reader is an apparatus that transmits the wireless frequencies to the tag inquiring its location. In operation, when the tag senses the request from the tag, it sends back the code fixed to it. History of RFID The concept of RFID technology is not a new technology in the world. It can be traced back in the 19 th century when progress in scientific inventions in the field electromagnetisms was being advanced. Reid (2005) notes that innovation in the field of electronic induction by Faraday and the explanation put forward in the operation of electromagnetism using equation by James Maxwell laid the basis for RFID growth during the early days; this was the beginning point in RFID technology which is being widely used today. Reid (2005) also shows that the use of automatic RFID systems begun with the development of the automated object detection systems. Among these systems was the radio transmitter. The radio transmitter designed in 1926 had the capacity to detect objects at a distance. The real application of the RFID system was during the World War II. The technology called “Identify Friend or Foe”, IFF was used by the British Royal Air Force to facilitate pilots and radar officers distinguish between friends and enemies using RF signals (Royal Air Force, 2006). In 1960’s, the technology was fitted in trucks accessing secure facilities. Reid (2005) indicates that by 1980’s, the technology was commercialized, hence, more chip
Introduction Marketing is both an art and a science; it is an evolving discipline that embraces a wide variety of concepts guidelines approaches and ideas. An effective financial marketing campaign results from the proper execution and balance of variety of disparate elements. It is a process by which decisions are made in a totally interrelated changing business environment on all activities that facilitate the exchange in order for the targeted group of customers to be satisfied and for the defined objectives to be accomplished (Hisrich, 2000, p. 3) The main objectives of every firm or industry are to maximise a profit. A profit is given by revenue minus total cost. The amount of profit that a firm makes is dependent on two things: total sales and the price of the product. A firm can increase profits by either reducing number of units sold per item and increase unit price per item or reduce prices per unit and increase sales. This is according to the law of demand that states, “… the higher the price, the lower the demand of goods and services, and the lower the price, the higher the demand keeping all other factors constant” (Lamp, 2007, p. 68). This means that for a firm to make more sales of a product, it must lower the price of that product. Consumer A consumer is the end user of a product or service, or an individual who buys a product to consume or a final user. Consumer seeks to maximise his/her utility from consumption of a commodity. Utility is defined to be the satisfaction gained by consuming a good or service. Consumer maximises utility if the amount of money is equal to the value of the good purchased. A consumer is the most important part of the external environment of an industry that seeks to maximise profit. Without a consumer, there is no market and therefore no need of marketing (Hutt 2012, p. 19). Financial service These are service offered in the finance sector of every economy. The major players in this sector are banks, financial institutions, non banking financial institutions, deposit taking financial institutions, investment institutions, etc. They facilitate and coordinate financial market and control the level of circulation of money in every economy across the globe. There is a great need to enhance the operations of these industries for a better economy as the economy growth highly depends on the financial services sector. In order to do a good marketing, we need to understand the consumers and their needs. Marketing is widely recognised as being a key success for any organisation irrespective of its size or the sector of the economy in which it operates. At one level, it is a generic term used to describe a range of distribution (Mike and Walkin 2001, p. 1) In marketing,
It is an interesting fact that everything that surrounds people has been created by nature for humans and animals to use at own disposal. Plants and other living creatures are food for carnivores and people are no different. Everything that people survived on were plants that could be eaten and animals that had meat to be cooked. Michael Pollan takes a closer look at things that are taken for granted and describes how much people depend and at the same time, disvalue and don’t appreciate what nature provides for humanity. His book titled “Omnivore’s Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals” discusses several aspects of nature and focuses specifically on grass and what it is for animals and different people. Without grass life would have many problems, as both animals and humans very much need on it to live full lives. Expectations that society has is centered on food and that it is provided in abundance for stores and markets but how it gets there, no one wonders. The author starts out by making a very specific and acute observation that most people see grass as a unit, one entity that is a part and mostly, an insignificant piece of the environment comparing to the rest of nature’s objects. Walking on it every day, an individual never really stops and thinks what grass consists of and how its life processes are carried out. Michael Pollan mentions that the majority of people do not see grass the same way a cow sees it. As cows eat it every day, they have become specialists in the kinds of grass there are and what specific ones should not be eaten. A farmer also sees grass as a part of his life because he needs it for his cows to survive and his farm to prosper. The author goes on to talk about his visit to the farm and how he was explained about the different types and strands of grass. People who are closely involved with farming are also knowledgeable about grass and how to properly grow it (Pollan, 2007). The expectations that people have towards grass and what farmers think, are very different. People want to see grass on their lawn to look pretty and to cover the mud. Farmers expect grass to be well grown and full of vitamins for their live stock. Grass is a very needed and essential part of the farm and the chain of production because so many species of animals depend on it. Grass’ growth and the cows’ eating habits have many “rules and laws” that surround this food type. “The law of the second bite” is an important one to keep in mind, as the cows should not be permitted to completely eat the grass down to the root (Pollan, 2007). In case this does happen, and it mostly does, the grass becomes weakened and stops growing. After the cows have taken the first bite, grass should be left alone, as it will have a chance to replenish itself and continue healthy growth. The opposite it true because if the grass is left to grow out more than it is supposed to, the area becomes too “bushy” and cannot be us
Introduction Evaluation of a prospective business venture is a process that requires planned operation to determine areas that need modification. Many young entrepreneurs fail to achieve predetermined business goals due improper execution of ideas, poor planning, and insufficient identification of market. The most important requirement in any business endeavour is market availability. The prospective venture has to yield substantial amount of revenue that sustains it until it gains stability. Another factor that should be considered during the evaluation is competition. In the context of this assessment, the business idea is unique; hence, there is minimal competition. This assessment paper elaborates on the evaluation of a supermarket that deals with organic products such as fresh flowers, fruits, and vegetables in a city that has no similar business ventures. The evaluation will focus on the entrepreneurial aspect of the venture rather than the business itself. The Organic Products Supermarket In the contemporary world, many people value organic products such as foods, flowers, and herbs among others. These products contain both unprocessed and unrefined substances that are beneficial in a variety of ways. The supermarket will be located within the central business district (CBD) of a given city. Various reasons underpin the suitability of this business location. At the outset, transport cost is factor that favours the appropriateness of the supermarket since it is strategically located within the CBD. The primary objective of the business enterprise is to sell organic products such as foods, flowers, and herbs among others. Its success will majorly depend on sales of unique, quality, and fresh organic products that will be availed to customers on a timely basis. The business will start in March 2016 as a small and medium enterprise (SME). A sole proprietor who will also serve as the manager will own the supermarket since the business will be a springboard of an individual’s ideas. Owing to the uniqueness of the business and its location, it will serve as a source of hands-on experience (Barringer & Ireland 2012). Another advantage is an impact result that will be gained from an input of individual skills in the business. Excellence flexibility of the individual will be enhanced through various business operations. There will be contact with members of the organisation in matters that pertain to responsibility, creativeness, and initiatives that enable advancement of careers (Barringer & Ireland 2012, p. 427). Section 2.1: The Business Value and its Deliverance to Customers (Business Model and Value Proposition Canvases) The purchasing power of a customer is always vested upon the value of a product and/or service (Osterwalder & Pigneur 2010, p. 42). Value controls the emotional and psychological wellbeing of the customer.
Good health is crucial in anyone’s life. Science tries to simplify and enhance one’s desire to lead a healthy lifestyle. Sicknesses and diseases are some of the areas in which science has developed modernized equipment to help patients manage their conditions at the comfort of their homes. As a result of advancements in technology, medical institutions have adapted the modernized treatment that has enhanced the delivery of services in the health sector (Currie 2012). Some of the new advancements include the pacemakers for the heart implant, artificial limbs, electric wheelchairs, and insulin implants. Other types of equipment are ventilators, ear implants, hoists, and adapted computers (R.J. Singer 2012). Modern treatments enhance health and safety. In the case study, Sally received a personal digital assistant (PDA) to help train her memory about what she needs to do next (R.J. Singer 2012). Various institutions are offering sensory services that enable visual and hearing impairment healthcare consumers get assistance. Some of them include government agencies like the Buckinghamshire County Council, Hertfordshire County Council, and others (Currie 2012). Technology promotes efficiency and saves time.
Introduction The purpose of this paper is to present a literature review related to cognitive and/or behavioral impairments in preterm children. A literature review matrix is presented in Appendix X. Among topics discussed as they relate to the literature review, is the background and significance of cognitive and/or behavioral impairments in preterm children. Background and Significance The problem of premature birth is a challenge for the health care system, as it worsens the health of the mother and child and harms public well-being. Most of the literature and research-based publications describe newborns’ physiological health while paying insufficient attention to their cognitive and behavioral characteristics. Although the topic is still being explored in both theoretical and experimental ways, there is limited data on children’s psychological problems in adulthood. It can be stated that they are more prone to social challenges, difficulty concentrating, and interpersonal crises. Several resources point to the socio-cultural background of the community and region, as well as maternal attention and sensitivity, as the main factors in the formation of cognitive and behavioral deviations among premature newborns. The main research finding based on the literature review is the lack of empirical knowledge regarding preterm birth and the psychological status of children in the future, as well as the nursing role in suppressing deviations. Synthesis of Literature Cognitive and Social Difficulties The healthcare industry observes preterm birth as a multi-layered problem rooted in maternal health. Besides, reliable outcomes of the child’s cognitive and behavioral patterns remain poorly understood. It has been noted that preterm birth significantly increases the child’s risk of decreased IQ, social openness and sociability, and a willingness to share attention with others (Zmyj, Witt, Weitkämper, Neumann & Lücke, 2017). A large sample of sources was investigated, as well as psychological testing and medical records, in which preterm children showed impaired cognitive ability. In particular, joint attention abilities in social communication are significantly inferior to peers. The conclusion and author’s recommendations of this study correlate with the research of the neurobiological and psychosocial characteristics of premature infants. It has been noted that this group has complexity with goal-oriented attention due to the developmental aspects of the brain, which are commensurate with children with average global cognitive ability (Taylor & Clark, 2016). In other words, executive function, including cognitive and emotional predictors, is below healthy scores due to neonatal complications. Thus, preterm newborns experience cognitive imbalances due to neurobiological and mental complications. Impaired brain circuits also define neurobiological abnormalities in premature infants. Studies show that this group of newborns will be less inclined to assess society objectively and be prone to bullying and abuse due to deviant cognitive abilit
Abstract The bilateral relations between the UAE and Japan have been important for the sustained development of both countries. In particular, these states have established economic cooperation involving the exchange of natural resources and technologies. Additionally, they have common foreign policy interests such as the elimination of nuclear threats and preservation of maritime security. These countries can differ profoundly in terms of their culture or political system, but these differences do not undermine their cooperation. Overall, these countries perceive each other as strategic partners, and the situation is not like to change in the near future because Japan and the UAE have been able to resolve several important disputes such as the question related to the taxation of businesses. These are the main issues that should be discussed more closely because it is important for understanding the relations between these states. Introduction This paper is aimed at examining the bilateral relations between the United Arab Emirates and Japan. In particular, one should pay close attention to the economic aspects of their cooperation because it strengthens the ties between these states. Additionally, one should examine the political aspects of their relations. Furthermore, it is critical to examine the similarities and differences in the foreign policy since this issue is important for understanding how these countries interact with one another. Overall, it is possible to argue tha
Introduction A hagiographic legend is a term that is used to refer to a legend that entails religious matters where people follow religions of their choice. When talking of hagiographic legend is usually adopted and applied when talking of religious leaders. Such a legend covers the biography of a so-called ‘holy man’. These kinds of stories may vary in terms of place, time, and the religions that are involved. Such kinds of stories are usually defined by the contents which are contained in it as well as the structure in which they have been presented and thus they are not defined by the form in which it appears or represented since this it can make it very difficult to comprehend and analyze them. In such a story, the life and the actions of the person in question are discussed in detail for people to read. A romantic legendry on the other hand deals with the love story of the legend, where in such a story, all the actions of the legendry done in the form of romance are all recorded (Fennell, p. 42). Therefore, there is a very big difference between the two however the two of them share some similarities, especially in their features. An example in which the stories are presented can be distinguished from the prose form which has been adopted, the composition, and even the verses which have been indicated. The biggest question here that this essay is trying to answer is whether the Prologue of Hartmann’s Gregorius can be classified to be a Hagiographical Legend or Romance Legend. Going by its foundations and developments, it shall be worth agreeing that there is much connection with the same to romantic hagiographic. This is because it so much focuses primarily or rather so much on its concept of being a hagiographical romance, especially in Gregorius Hartmann’s Prologue. Also, there are some very great significant differences that it contains in itself as compared to some more formalised forms of hagiographical legend in their structure. Some of these features will be discussed in the essay. The Prologue of Hartmann’s Gregorius The prologue of Hartmann’s Gregorius is created in such a manner that it contains the version of one of the most popular stories in the bible called The parable of good Samaritan . It is very funny that even this man called Hartman had no slightest knowl
Introduction Deviance or aberrance underscores any form of misdemeanor towards the generally acceptable principles or norms in any given society. Some factors to consider when defining deviance include gender, location, social status, and age. For instance, the crying of women in public in reiteration to emotional moments is not considered deviant in most societies. On the other hand, the crying of men in public places amounts to deviance in some societies, as it is against the norm for men to cry. Today in the United States, the crying of men in response to celebrations or achievements is a norm. In addition, a person laughing loudly at a funeral service is deviant, but when the same happens in a wedding or a political rally, it becomes the norm. In terms of status, an influential person can avoid protocols of a long queue waiting for security check to enter a building, but an ordinary person would be branded deviant for trying to do the same. Being deviant does not qualify one as a criminal, as some deviant acts are admirable; for instance, risking one’s life to save a drowning baby or representing one’s nation at war. Endangering one’s life is against the norm of the society. Case study I would like to take a case were I am involved in asking for alms along the streets. In the United States, people are hardworking and determined to what they do. People live individualistic lives in many cases and they do not expect to be bothered by strangers in any way. Although begging is not a crime, the society does not advocate such behavior. However, I decided to go to the streets on one evening, dressed indecently, and I sat on a busy footpath blocking a large portion of the way. People forced their way through and even some decided to pass in turns to avoid collision. I pretended not to be bothered, as continued pleading with passersby to fill my bowl with the little they had. Couple of hours passed by and nobody bothered to drop a penny. I realized that I had some notes in my side pockets and I decided to drop them into the bowl and see how people would react now that some Good Samaritan had previously ignored the norm and contributed to the idle person on the street. Surprisingly, the scheme worked out, as several people dropped a few notes and some entered the shops around to get some foodstuffs for the beggar. As the night entered, the street was abandoned. The few people around decided to take alternative pathways perhaps due to security reasons. The opportunity to flee without anybody suspecting the mischief arrived and I took off. On my way home, I passed by a nearby mall and I dropped the few notes I had begged to a kitty intended for a charity foundation. On the following evening, I felt a bit familiar with what to expect on the street. I hired a local electrician to install a s