What warrants, if any, does the officer need to enter the garage to arrest the defendant? What if the officer is in hot pursuit of the defendant? What if the defendant is known to be injured and unarmed? The use of a warrant to search the premises of a homeowner is applicable in cases where a person is suspected of committing a crime but there is an insufficient level of on-hand evidence at the time and, as such, a search warrant is needed (Lerner, 2003). However, during instances where an active pursuit is in place, an officer has witnessed the crime occurring or an APB has been put on the individual in question and the officer suspects that they are hiding in a particular house, garage or apartment, there is sufficient probable cause in place for a search to be conducted without a warrant (Ortman, 2016). The use of probable cause as a justified means of searching the premises is necessary for law enforcement personnel. Otherwise, this curtails their capacity to pursue criminal activity onto private property. For example, if a police officer was in pursuit of a criminal that had recently been involved in a hit and run incident, yet this individual escaped into a residential neighborhood, should the officer wait for a warrant to search the homes, a process that can take several hours, or should they conduct the search immediately? The obvious answer is to quickly perform a search for the criminal since they could escape while the warrant is being issued. The same circumstances apply if the defendant is injured and unarmed, since they would require immediate medical attention, which they would not be able to get, if they were being pursued by the police. A set of circumstances in which there is probable cause to search but not probable cause to arrest or in which there is probable cause to both arrest and to search. One circumstance where there is probable cause to explore but not probable cause to arrest is in cases where a bomb threat has been called in, and the police need to search the local neighborhood. In this case, there is probable cause to search, since the officers need to take the threat seriously and attempt to find the bomb, however there is no reason to arrest an individual. If a bomb is found in a private property, the owner is not necessarily the person who placed it there and, as such, they should not be arrested. Another example is when there is suspicion of an ongoing crime but no actual need to arrest someone. This can be seen in cases which involve abandoned houses that have become areas where “junkies” (i.e. drug addicts) congregate to take illegal drugs. In some cases, a police officer is required to investigate whether a home has been used or is currently being used as a place where people take drugs (Smith, 2015). This particular circumstance is seen numerous times in Detroit, wherein the numerous abandoned houses in the suburbs are regularly used as locations to take drugs. As such, it is the mandate of the local police force to investigate the validity of such claims and potentially put a stop to such actions. One circumstance where there are probable causes for search and arrest is when a murder has occurred in a home, an