ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
My Core Values Core values are an essential element of every person’s life. My core values include belief in God, the principles of utilitarianism (no action may be indented to cause harm), and the concept of family as the basis for building a happy life on. I also follow the principle of commitment in both personal life and career. Core Values Acquisition and Change The process of values acquisition can be viewed as a lifelong experience, which starts from the moment that early childhood development starts, and up to the point of the demise of one’s personality. It should be noted, though, that different opinions regarding the emergence of core values exist. While most developmental theories consider the specified phenomenon a natural effect of one’s personal growth, some theories view it as a hereditary phenomenon (Rushton, 2005). Considering the process of core values acquisition as a result of personality development, one must mention that the basic moral principles and societal norms are introduced comparatively early to a child (Goble & Horn, 2010). As the latter evolves, the acquisition of the corresponding values and skills continues. Moreover, with new experiences and new conclusions made based on these experiences, a person shapes their core values depending on the lessons learner. Such an alteration in the system of one’s core values complies with the key tenets of Erikson’s stages of development (Washington, 2001). In addition, an introduction of a powerful authority, which may serve as a role model in the realm of one’s communication, may affect one’s core values. A range of organizations uses the so-called transformative leadership principles in order to affect the behavior of their members by using the image of a transformative leader to promote the desirable behavioral patterns among the participants (Washington, 2001). Effect of Core Values The effects, which core values have on people, are quite obvious; as long as one has their core values, one retains the ability to navigate in the realm of complicated ethical dilemmas and make adequate choices that satisfy one’s professional standards and personal moral principles. Thus, core values can be viewed as a powerful tool that allows for making an adequate step in case of an ethical dilemma. Indeed, a range of legal case studies features the inconsistency between the legally correct and ethically satisfactory decision (Special Committee on the Law Governing Firm Structure and Operation, 2000). For example, the instances, when the defendant causes more empathy in the jury than the plaintiff, are quite numerous (Special Committee on the Law Governing Firm Structure and Operation, 2000). Nevertheless, core values oblige the jury to follow the letter of the law, therefore, reconcil
Managing change is often a difficult task, particularly in a culturally diverse company. The necessity for reorganization and change may occur but to address the arising concerns successfully, the management should consider workforce diversity (Petrou, Demerouti, & Schaufeli, 2018). This case study explains the challenges and barriers to change management, in addition to effective communication, concerning BANKS Industries. Effective change management and cultural communication ensure the process proceeds smoothly since vital information is issued opportunely to all workers with a uniform comprehension of the message. Challenges Signified by Change Some of the challenges signified by change when mulling over the reactions of a diverse team encompass communication failure and resistance. In a situation such as in BANKS Industries, resistance to change signifies the denial that reorganizations will happen. Such a reaction arises when workers are not prepared to accept reforms for different reasons, for example, suppositions that the management is not fully dedicated to the anticipated transformation. Reactions to the proposed reorganizations at BANKS Industries may offer the management an opportunity to find problems existing in the organization and tackle them amicably. In a different turn of events, resistance to change may elicit the desire for sabotage hence making the proposed reorganizations impossible. Resistance may also make some workers consider themselves specialists in a given task (Smet, Vander Elst, Griep, & De Witte, 2016). Attempting to make such employees leave the job functions that they had perfected and engage in new ones endangers their comfort zones compelling them to resist the planned reorganizations. Considering that communication failure is a great challenge represented by change when taking into account the reactions of a diverse team, BANKS Industries should develop effective ways of convincing employees to support the proposed reorganizations. If not effectively addressed, the endeavors to reorganize different departments might fail to succeed for lack of clear communication among the management and heads of the affected departments. In a diverse team, communication is usually affected by characteristics such as differences in nationality, age, gender, and ethnic group. Cognitive diversity pointers, for instance, international experience, education, work, and job position, may also cause communication failure (Smet et al., 2016). In such occurrences, the realization of a common point or understanding demands much time and effort, which may increase teamwork expenses. Barriers that Might be Encountered The failure of employee support could be the strongest barrie
While preparing the students to trip, the teacher must think over the steps to be made to convince the students of the advantages of travelling. Thus, the first and most important issue is related to the experience which students can get while communicating with native speakers. In my opinion, the most important advantage for students is an opportunity to improve communication skills as well as to obtain some knowledge concerning culture peculiarities of other country. The teacher may point out that students who have an opportunity to visit foreign countries can get not only emotional experience, but also mental and social one. Social experience is related to customs and traditions which a person can become familiar with. Mental experience, in its turn, concerns with numerous cognitive processes which impact on intellect development. One more issue I would like to touch on concerns with the so-called subjective experience, which means the perception of other reality. Thus, the teacher is to explain his/her students that subjective experience appears when students interact with foreign environment.
Introduction Economists define fiscal policy as government policies that directly affect tax and interest rates. According to Kennedy, (2010), fiscal policies also dictate government spending as an effort to manipulate the general economy of a country. According to Perry, Servén and Suescún (2008), this is termed as cyclically adjusted tax revenue or government spending since external market forces will still naturally lead to fluctuations in the general economy and tax revenue. This in turn leads to a different form of government spending that alters a deficit situation. It is relevant to understand fiscal policy due to its varied and broad economic effects that have great impact on world economies. The question of the relevance of fiscal policy to the American economy as used by the American government and specifically in combating the effects of recession, inflation and the fluctuating of prices can be explained as follows: Economic Analysis Fiscal policies are used by governments to manipulate aggregate demand levels in their respective economies for them to achieve their desired economic growth levels, lower unemployment rates, lower inflation rates as well as to achieve general price stability in their markets. In times of recession or du
The work of judges in cases of custody is primarily related to the issues of morality. The decision to ban smoking near the child on father’s request is one of the demonstrative examples. Custody disputes are often held in a conflict situation (Petrazycki 38). Moreover, one of the parents, as a rule, remains dissatisfied with this or that judicial decision (Kaplan et al. 177). The father’s appeal to the Supreme Court of California with the requirement to prohibit his ex-wife from smoking in the presence of their child had quite reasonable grounds; therefore, the claim was satisfied. The issuance of a judge’s verdict is always a hard and indisputable decision even when it comes to family problems (Weisberg and Appleton 84). Legislative acts do not contain corresponding norms providing for punishment for particular ethical issues (Nonet 53). Nevertheless, the judge’s decision was reasonable enough from the standpoint of social norms. According to Votruba et al., any child has the right to grow in a supportive environment (254). Therefore, the judge’s verdict to satisfy the father’s appeal was entirely understandable. Judicial practice often resonates with moral norms (Cromdal and Tholander 160). Thus, the case under research has no contradictions and errors. Works Cited Cromdal, Jakob, and Michael Tholander. “Morality in Professional Practice.” Journal of Applied Linguistics and Professional Practice , vol. 9, no. 2, 2014, pp. 155-164. Kaplan, John, et al. Criminal law: Cases and materials . 7th ed., Wolters Kluwer Law & Business, 2014. Nonet, Philippe. Law and Society in Transition: Toward Responsive Law . Routledge, 2017. Petrazycki, Leon. Law and Morality . Routledge, 2017. Votruba, Ashley M., et al. “Moral Intuitions about Fault, Parenting, and Child Sustody after Divorce.” Psychology, Public Policy, and Law , vol. 20, no. 3, 2014, pp. 251-262. Weisberg, D. Kelly, and Susan Frelich Appleton. Modern Family Law: Cases and Materials . 6th ed., Wolters Kluwer Law & Business, 2015.
Given the high responsibility for the storage and logistics of such essential products, most of the processes within the warehouse should be automatically regulated. Moreover, it is necessary to allocate proper control over the operation of these automatic systems by employees, in connection with which the indicators of temperature, humidity, light, and much more should be constantly displayed in the public domain. It is imperative to maintain a high level of sterility at all stages of transport and storage. In addition, surveillance cameras and a dedicated alarm response department should also be provided. One of the mechanisms requiring additional financial injections is the insurance of pharmaceutical products, which for the most part, can offset losses from most of the risks listed below. However, many companies still do not use this service in the supply chain during transportation and storage in warehouses (Shetty et al., 2021). As a result, these measures will be able to cover the risks of safety and integrity of the goods, as well as compliance with high storage requirements. Reliability, reliability, and speed of the process must be conditioned by compliance with all legal and medical requirements. As a result, control systems installed at different stages of the product’s passage of the process chain can partly slow down the processes above. In this regard, it is necessary to find a balance that excludes safety risks, risks of the human factor and does not increase the risks of too vigilant control to the detriment of the main functional activity. In addition, security issues are also determined by the specificity of the stored goods. Some pharmaceuticals can be toxic materials, costly to distribute. In this case, special alarms should be developed, as well as worked out response scenarios for both the particular security group and the rest of the warehouse workers. Labor safety is regulated at the legislative and legal levels, so each specialist in the warehouse must be instructed about the possibility of traumatic interaction with drugs and racks. Regular inspections of product storage structures and other working conditions will be monitored by federal agencies and must meet all requirements for the warehouse to continue operating. In this regard, security risks are associated with risks of external political and legal factors. Moreover, the stabilization of the warehouse operation depends on the implementation of operational control over the range and volume between the production request and the actual transfer. In other words, there are risks of maintaining documentation and accounting for stored and transit goods. Risks in this situation are also associated with possible legal issues that may reveal low-quality control systems during an independent audit and economic issues of interaction between the supplier and the buyer. In addition, there are risk indicators indicated in the U-Flow warehouse floor plan. Most of them are related to storage conditions and should prevent temperature fluctuations due t
Introduction Child labor can be defined as, work for children which harms or exploits them in some ways like- physically, mentally, morally, or by blocking access to education. Laws of child labor in the United States The United States has adopted numerous statutes and rules regulating the employment of minors, called child labor laws. According to the United States Department of Labor, child labor affects those under the age of 18 in a variety of occupations. The National Child Labor Committee, an organization dedicated to the abolition of all child labor, was constructed in 1904. It managed to pass one law, which was struck down by Supreme Court two years later for violating a child’s right to contract his work. In 1924 Congress attempted to pass a constitutional amendment that would authorize a national child labor law. This measure was stopped, and the bill was eventually dropped. It took the great depression to stop child labor all around the nation; adults had become so desperate for jobs that they would work for the same wage. Minimum age according to law A child under the age of 14 may not be employed, except as:   * A newspaper carrier (should not below 11 years of age)   * In agriculture (should not below 12 years of age with parent consent)   * An actor, actress, or model; The law attitude of child labor In the United States, the first child labor law was passed by Massachusetts in 1836; it required that children should spend more than three months in the school that was employed in manufacturing and were under the age of 15. Most states had some law regulating child labor, by the end of the 19th century but the scope was limited. The law attitude of child labor began changing in the early 1900s, in part as a moral issue, but also due to changes in the U.S. Economy. By 1913, all but nine states had fixed 14 years as the minimum age for factory work. Nationally, Congress tried many times in the 1910s and 1920s to regulate child labor but was blocked by the Supreme Court, which at the time interpreted the Constitution as against federal interference in the free market. The first federal child labor law, which barred from interstate commerce any goods made by factories employing children under 14 years of age or employing children between 14 and 16 for more than eight hours a day, six days a week, or at night, was struck down as unconstitutional in 1918. The second child labor law was stuck down in 1922. Reformers even sought to amend the Constitution to permit federal regulation of child labor. Congress approved the amendment in 1924 and sent it to the states for approval, where it was rejected. By 1925, only four states had approved the amendment, 34 had rejected it. In the end, it got a new life by FDR’s New deal and his court-packing plan, the Supreme Court began approving a broader interpretation of the federal government’s commerce power, and Congress could pass a law regulating the market, including child labor. The Fair Labor Standards Act became law in 1938 and established a minimum age of 16 years for non-agricultural employment, with some provision for 14 and 15-year-old under certain condi
Albert Camus (1913-1960) was an Algerian writer who was influenced by the philosophy of existentialism. He wrote The Myth of Sisyphus while in exile and serving the French Resistance during the Second World War. His work gave rise to the philosophy of absurdism. The book asserts that life itself never reveals to individuals its meaning; if humans were to think and act rationally as free agents, that realization should lead to suicide. Additionally, people could evade rationality through a leap of faith. Camus offers a third option: to continue living in a meaningless and purposeless world. The philosophy of absurdism, therefore, acknowledges the meaninglessness of peoples’ daily activities and human existence in general, but it also embodies the idea that individuals can create their meaning. The mythical Sisyphus was given an arduous punishment that was to continue for eternity. The meaningless penalty involved rolling a boulder up a slope only for the rock to roll back down as soon as Sisyphus had reached the summit. Albert Camus uses the myth of Sisyphus to deliberate on the theme of suicide, which he considers the only “truly philosophical problem”; whether or not life is worth the living (26). However, Camus is concerned that the problem of suicide has been dealt with only as a social phenomenon, and that what happens within the individual heart or mind has not been considered. Camus thinks that awareness or the onset of consciousness is the root cause of suicide. He writes, “Beginning to think is beginning to be undermined” (48). According to Camus, therefore, suicide is a form of confession that “life is too much for you or that you do not understand it” (61). That is to say, there is a realization of the absurdity of human existence and that, therefore, life is not worth living. The absurd, according to Camus, is the confrontation between an irrational world and “the wild longing for clarity whose call echoes in the human heart.” To put it another way, humans want something that the world is not willing to give them. That is an intolerable situation to be in, and a method of escape is therefore required. Other than committing physical suicide, one could also die philosophically by taking a leap of faith. That statement implies transcen
Corporate culture is crucial for all businesses, regardless of their size and goals. Ethical culture can assist companies in making ethical decisions and maintaining a positive business image. To create a value-driven culture of integrity, it would be useful to consider Kantian ethics and virtue ethics as the two primary ethical theories. As explained by Joseph (2016), virtue ethics focuses on the qualities possessed by a moral person to define the virtues that make people moral. Kantian ethics, in turn, distinguish right from wrong “based upon rules and principles that are then assumed from ethical duties and responsibilities” (Joseph, 2016, p. 101). Hence, virtue ethics can be used by the organization to define and exemplify the characteristics of its value-based culture of integrity, whereas Kantian ethics can help to tie ethical behavior to employees’ duties and responsibilities. To achieve a values-driven culture of integrity, the company needs to consider two strategies. On the one hand, compliance processes could help the organization to guarantee integrity from the legal viewpoint and highlight the importance of integrity on the organizational level (Paine, 1994). On the other hand, the company would also need to establish an ethical governance program, which would include a code of conduct, training in ethical decision-making, reporting and investigation mechanisms, and audits focused on values and ethics (Paine, 1994). Since management plays a key role in defining and maintaining corporate culture, managers should also consider how they make decisions. The process of rational decision-making could help as it can be tailored to respond to the organization’s needs (“Rational and nonrational,” n.d.). As part of this process, managers would create integrity-related goals and criteria and then apply them to alternatives to perform an ethical analysis.
Sometimes the criminal justice system makes mistakes and sentences the wrong people, which is caused by a false confession. It means that the person admits having perpetrated a crime they did not actually commit. The situation can happen for various reasons, including confessing voluntarily to gain benefits or protect someone else and being pressured during interrogation. An example of the former would be Black Dahlia’s case when about 500 people falsely confessed either to share notoriety or to obtain a place to live (White, 2019). Meanwhile, Christopher Conley made a voluntary confession to let his wife regain custody of their daughter (Connors, 2020). Thus, people can gain something by confessing out of their will, but it becomes severe upon being convicted, as in the latter case. False confessions obtained through pressure are common, and an example is the case of Damon Thibodeaux. He was incarcerated for 15 years and could potentially face execution (The Penalty Film, 2013). The preceding search for the victim and the rigorous interrogation made him confess, although he believed that new details would prove his innocence (The Penalty Film, 2013). However, his confession was taken at face value without further nuance, leading to imprisonment (The Penalty Film, 2013). Another form of pressure happens when a person is unsure whether they committed a crime and might believe themselves guilty as a result of interrogation (Gudjonsson, 2017). It could be exemplified by the case of Billy Wayne Cope, who apparently had no recollection of killing his daughter and eventually confessed after doubting his memory (Nirider & Drizin, 2020). Overall, interrogation techniques can be so potent that people would choose to make a confession.