ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Schizophrenia and alcoholism are often diagnosed together, possibly because the overt symptoms of the former expose the damage done by the latter. However, this situation can be problematic because of the nature of the two conditions as well as their interactions. Levinthal (2014) claims that organic brain damage, such as that caused by chronic alcohol abuse, can be challenging to distinguish from the genuine mental condition. As such, medical practitioners struggle to prescribe treatments that are appropriate to the patient’s situation. A mistake that results from such a problem can complicate the patient’s treatment. While alcoholism can make schizophrenia cases more challenging to address, the opposite is also true. Gold, Lydiard, and Carman (2018) claim that patients with mental conditions can respond poorly to treatment approaches such as Alcoholics Anonymous. As their responses to these methods are unpredictable, initial exposure should occur while they are undergoing treatment in a hospital. It can help medical workers understand the patient’s responses and choose a treatment strategy that will address both conditions best. As a part of this tendency, they also have to understand the interactions of alcoholism with specific medicines. Alcohol can interact with various medications in negative ways, generating adverse side effects and other complications. According to Gold, Lydiard, and Carman (2018), schizophrenic patients who keep consuming alcohol tend to develop chronic psychosis and stop responding to neuroleptic medication. These drugs constitute a large portion of the overall medicines used in the treatment of the illness. As such, while they do not put themselves into danger directly, many treatments will be ineffective. Hospitalization is often recommended to avoid these issues and monitor patients with both conditions in controlled conditions.
Explain the different contexts selecting one case from the early 20th century and one contemporary performance event The exhibition of human beings has been a part of cultural life in many Western countries. In particular, this phenomenon has been observed since the late nineteenth century when more attention was paid to different cultures that could be marginalized in the past (Braverman 73). For example, one can speak about the World Fairs that took place in Europe and the United States. Secondly, it is critical to discuss a variety of modern performances that challenge many of the existing stereotypes. First, it should be noted that the early World Fairs were organized at a time when colonialism was a part of the official policies and ideology in many countries. Moreover, racism profoundly affected public opinion and attitudes of many people. It is one of the reasons why the representatives of racial minorities could be displayed at such events. In turn, some visitors from such exhibitions could treat these people as inferiors or even sub-humans. It is one of the issues that should not be overlooked. Nevertheless, for some people, such exhibitions could offer opportunities to learn more about different cultures. For instance, one can mention the World Fair that took place in St. Louis (Braverman 73). The visitors could look at Native Americas who wore their traditional dress. Similar exhibitions were held in Paris and London. The representatives of colonies could often take part in human exhibitions. For example, during the 1900 World Fair, the guests could look at people from Madagascar (Braverman 73). The main problem is that many of them could be viewed only as objects of curiosity. To some degree, they were dehumanized for the sake of entertaining viewers. It is one of the reasons why the term human zoo could often be used. In addition to that, such events were
Introduction Google Company was started in 1996 by two computer science graduates from Stanford University. The two graduates developed the search engine and named it Back Rub. One year later, the search engine had gained popularity among the Silicon Valley Internet Users. They changed the name from Back and Rub to Google in 1998. Since then, this company has experienced a massive growth in the internet industry. It was ranked the best search engine in the world. The company recently launched a mailing system, G-mail, which would allow its users to send and receive emails, share pictures and many other services that other industry players had not come up with in this industry. It has the largest market share, with a market growth that has remained positively skewed for the last ten years. Currently, the company has partnered with a number of mobile telephone manufactures to develop internet enabled phones. This has earned it a lot of revenue. In 2006, it acquired YouTube as a strategy to expand its market share and sources of revenue. Through this, the company has become the largest internet advertiser, earning it more income. The management entered into alliance with Logitech, Sony, Adobe and DISH Network to develop Google TV. This would provide users with television channels and recorded programs on demand. SWOT Analysis This company can best be analyzed through SWOT analysis. Kotler and Armstrong (2010) note that this brings to focus a competitive advantage of a firm. The company has several strengths that make it maintain its market lead. This company has had time to expand its financial base. As at December 31, 2009, the company had an asset base of $40,496,477. This huge financial strength makes it easy to effectively compete in the market. The company has the widest geographical coverage than any other search engine. It was rated the best search engine in 2010. Its mailing system has been rated as the most reliable in the world, outsmarting some of the traditional players like yahoo. Its acquisition of YouTube has made it able to attract advertising firms, making it increase its market share. The company has a team of highly innovative employees. This has seen it develop some products that are widely accepted in the market. However, the company has some weaknesses that have limited its ability to expand at a rate that had been predicted by the management. One major weakness of this company is its inability to control spammers. Through the advertisements made by the customers, a good number are fraudsters. This has seen many of the Google’s customers complain because of the loss from this. Its aggression into the mobile telephone sector may also jeopardize its ability to concentrate in other sectors. There are several opportunities that exist for this company in the world market. Its partne
Contracts and Sales: Introduction and Formation A contract is an agreement between two or more individuals, with the intention of making a legally binding relationship. The contract has to be binding for it to be enforceable in a court of law, for there are some contracts that are not enforceable by law. For example, a gentle man’s promise, domestic arrangement and social invitations are unenforceable because they lack the basis for action (Bryson, 2005). In the formation of a contract, there are two sides of the parties involved; the one who is the seller of the goods or services and the buyer. The seller is called the offeror and the buyer the offeree. A contract must have the following elements; There has to be an offer from the offeror and acceptance from the offeree. There has to be an intention to create legal relations. There has to be a consideration, or the contract must be under the deed. The parties must have contractual capacity. There has to be a genuine consent from the parties. Contracts and Sales: Performance and Remedies Contracts and sells go hand in hand, especially the sales in credit. However, it is impossible for the business to be carried out without credit. As such, the details on credit have to be considered and involve contractual obligations as well as liability. In the event that the firm has entered into an agreement to sale of goods and a breach has occurred, the case will be treated as a contract. Considering the case study of Robins & Robins Company, the offence committed by the firm is very serious. However, the mistake committed was as a result of the innocent misrepresentation of the firm by Casings, Inc. This is a case of false representation of material facts, and the firm should consider legal redress or otherwise from the supplier, in the event that the firm goes into a legal battle with Casings, Inc. The firm may sue for damages from Casing Inc. Here, the later company will be obliged in a court of law, to pay for damages estimated by a government auditor. Robins & Robins Company may also put up action in court for specific performance from Casings, Inc. This entails a special performance from the offending party, to the plaintiff by court order, to be used as part payment to damages. The firm may further seek action for injunction, against the services of the accused. This should be based on the grounds of the misrepresentation suffered by the plaintiff (Carpenter, 2006). Business Property Business property has to be registe
Strategy Introduction Saudization is a new Saudi Arabian strategy by means of which the replacement of all expatriate workers takes place and a chance for local citizens to get certain jobs turns out to be possible (Sadi, 2009). Because of the gained reputation, the company has hired as number of foreign workers, who failed to transfer their sponsorship as well as who did not. Now, because of the conditions mentioned in the article 39 of the existing labor law, all these foreign workers have to be fired and repatriated to their native land. In spite of the fact that this policy makes all companies follow the law (SyndiGate, 2014), there are the cases when the companies try to save the already developed talents and offer the qualified services. In the private sector, more than 80% of the workforce are the expatriates (Alanezi, 2012) that have to be fired because of the new policy. It turns out to be a real disaster for a number of employers as well as for the whole country to lose good workers just because of their foreign origins. Main Points   * Saudization is the policy that supports the local workforce (the locals should not suffer from the infringement of their rights);   * Saudization is the policy that brings considerable changes in a working process (the locals with no appropriate knowledge and experience should be hired in spite of professional expatriates) (Sevilla, 2014);   * Saudization is the policy that takes care of the country’s youth (the responsibilities of the young people and their possible contribution to the national economy should be considered) ( Human Resources Development Fund , n.d.);   * Saudization is the policy that supports the national manpower (the citizens have to improve their education and practical skills to correspond with the demands of the local organizations). Criteria Nowadays, according to the new policy of Saudization, every company has to create a list of requirements that have to be met by each worker:   * Be a native citizen of the country or to have a local registration;   * Have an educational degree to find practical application of knowledge;   * Have to correspond with the occupation of the company (GMA News, 2011);   * Get special legal approval to work. Procedure The process of Saudization is not difficult to comprehend, still, it consists of a number of steps that cannot be neglected. For example, it is necessary to define the goals of the strategy before the identification of the locals’ needs and the analysis of the local workforce are made. Saudi Arabia is actually home for more than 8 million expatriates, this is why it is wrong and even inappropriate to deprive all these people, wh
Abstract This paper presents an overview of RBS CITIZENS that comprises of the relevant history of the business, the mission of the RBS CITIZENS and the stakeholders of the organization. The paper further talks about the helpful organizational practices by RBS CITIZENS. These organizational tendencies entail working in teams, effective managerial practices, building customer trust, efficient communication and training of the workforce. Furthermore, the challenges facing the organization are equally present in the paper including the management of inconsistencies and communication obstruction. The paper equally highlights the behavior opportunities that explain the current alterations in the organization. Recommendations and conclusions are equally present at the culmination of the paper. After the scrutiny of the environment that characterizes the entity, it is evident that the company has to focus on its strengths and limitations. The paper exemplifies the physical and untouchable resources, which the entity possesses. Afterwards, a study of the RBS CITIZENS organizational integration to examine potencies and limitations of the company’s value chain is paramount since it exemplifies diverse aspects. Conclusively, it will be paramount to give strategic actions that the entity must embrace to maintain its position. In my view, the financial statement of any company offers a realistic and fair opinion on the state of the company’s affairs. As at 30 December, the analysis of the profit/loss together with the statement of the cash flow for the Company indicates a success. The year finished in line with “the United States standards for financial reporting for private agencies”. Organization Behavior: Analysis Introduction Organizational behavior entails the study of people and the activities within the business in a working site. For efficient working in the organization all workers, need to comprehend their jobs and the organizational plan. There are recognized aspects that manipulate the organization plan and factors that have facilitated RBS effectiveness. Organizational overview Relevant History The RBS CITIZENS is a commercial bank that consists of numerous branches, ATMs, and employees. The bank was initiated in 1828 as the High Street Bank in Hoyle square, then Providence, Rhode Islan
Psychodynamics theories are approaches that try to explain the relationship that exist between the emotional and motivational forces at the unconscious level in the human behaviour. They seek to explain the dynamic process that takes place in the complex brain to reveal the exact truth of what happens when we are in the unconscious state. These theories entirely depend on the theory of inner conflict, which reflects on the fact that concealed behaviours and emotions of a patient are known at his or her conscious state. Among these theories are Freudian, Jungian, Alderian and other theories that explain the dynamic psychology. Freud was the first initiator of the theories and most of the other psychiatrists based their approaches on his theory. The test of the validity of the psychodynamic theories is significantly essential. The application of these theories is essential in the treatment of psychological problems. In this regard, it is possible to analyze psychological development by conceptualising the unconscious state of the mind on a person’s mechanism of behaviour. Appreciation of the personal assessment through the study of the intersection of reported distress and self-restraint gives psychodynamic theories their relevance. It gives knowledge to individuals on the manner in which the mental capabilities can be assessed and way of instilling self-regulatory controls. An attempt to explain the motivational forces of the unconscious state is influenced by the vulnerability of defence and the ego. In this regard, the psychodynamics theories define an appropriate means in which the vulnerability-stress assessment can be achieved with the consideration of implications of its intervention (Brandell, 2004). By using this approach, psychiatrist can relate the manner in which the character of a person has certain weakness and uniqueness that could affect the growth or normality of the client based on their mentality. Psychodynamic theories can be tested to determine their validity and relevance in therapeutic treatment. Since there is some relationship between the human behaviour and the mental process, the results of psychodynamic theories clearly indicate that by analyzing the internal self-conscious of a person gives an insight on current trauma or challenges that are occurring. Nevertheless, the results show that a deeper understanding of the psychodynamics theories in dealing with the day-to-day psychological issues is very important as it guides on developing fundamental solutions to various problems. Additionally, the psychodynamic theories give a clear analysis of the existing person’s repression, memory and abuse that guide in the formulation of psychological solutions (Feist 1998). Numerous studies have been conducted to find out the validity of the psychodynamic theories. These studies have tried to seek out the factual content of the theories in relation to the human behaviour. Moreover, a deeper knowledge is sought on how these approaches are meaningful in the search of psychological solutions. For example, the Freudian theory of interpretation of dreams has been t
Introduction The Stalinist regime of communist Russia was considered the country’s most defining moment. Russia turned into a strict country full of fear and full of failure. After the death of Lenin, Joseph Stalin did not waste anytime in basically turning the country upside down. With his reforms in agriculture by collectivized farming, the industry through the creation of more capital, and the party members through his purges, Stalin knew what he was doing and where he was taking the Soviet Union. However, through the failures of his ideas, and overall failure of Stalin himself, the Soviet Union was doomed to begin with. With the death of Stalin in 1953, the country turned upside down must be corrected or would end in peril. The Soviet Union immediately saw the beginning of anti-Stalin reform policies in order to revive the country (Pipes, 1995). The origin of the anti-Stalin ideas were initiated due to the repeated failures of Stalin programs. Collectivized farming was a disaster due to its inefficiency and of course to famine. The country of Russia was living in a state of fear, because if you are not with them, you were against them. The purges of Stalin did not hesitate to remove anyone who opposed his leadership and the communist party. Labor lamps were unsuccessful and were the cause of deaths of thousands of Russians across the country. With the way things were going in Russia, things needed to change. With the death of Stalin’s in 1953, the politburo chose a man by the name of Nikita Khrushchev as their party leader. Nikita Khrushchev Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev was the leader of the Soviet Union after the death of Joseph Stalin. Khrushchev was the new person and a safe choice for the party. Being agriculturally inclined official, Krushchev immediately went to work and began his reform that would undo the work of Stalin. Through the origins of the ideas of Nikita Krushchev, Russia continued to undo the great misfortune and struggle that Stalin had imposed on the country. Krushchev first took a plan of attack on agriculture. He sought to lower taxes and higher prices for peasants as well as use unused land like Virgin lands is in order to increase their produce. Although Khrushchev’s reforms affection only very small sector of the household plots, these changes produce rapid and dramatic economic result. With this farming changes laid down, the rest of the anti-Stalin reforms were on their way and would only be a matter of time until finally Russia will cease to be communist. Another important reform from the way things were dealt with housing. During Stalin’s reign, housing was a major crisis. In order to increase housing expansion, Krushchev ordered that new methods of prefabrication are used. Krushchev did not only help
Tourism was voted as the option that has attracted most people in their leisure times. In the recent years, tourism has gone up by 9.3% that in the 1980’s in that in the year 2011 alone there was more than 983 million tourists who toured different sites across the world (Edinburgh Tourism Action Group 2012). This figure represented a growth of over 4.6% from 2010 where there were 940 million tourists who visited different tourist destinations all across the world. Tourists visit different destinations for different reason which may include for leisure or relaxation to learning about the culture of the people that either lived there before or live there at the moment (Buckley 2004). In 2011, the tourism industry accounted for 1.83 trillion dollars of the total amount of money that way transacted in the year all over the world. This translated to more than 25% of the total amount of money that was transacted in the same year. In addition to that, the tourism industry account for more than 25% of the total employees in every country all across the world which are known to have the best tourist destinations (Che & Chen 2010). The two main types of tourisms are cultural tourism and heritage tourism which account for more than 80% of the total number of tourists all across the world who visit these tourist destinations (VisitBritain 2010). With reference to the given question, this paper will critically appraise the statement that in recent years it has become increasingly unclear the boundaries between the definitions of heritage tourism and cultural tourism. In addition to that, this paper will determine the factors that account for the complexity that exists in defining the term heritage tourism. In the recent years, the boundaries in the definitions for the two types of tourisms, that is heritage tourism and cultural tourism, has elicited a heated debate among the stakeholders, analysts and other professionals in the tourism industry (Garrod et al. 2012). Some of these stakeholders and analysts claim that the two types of tourism are one and the same because when a tourist goes to heritage site for visitation, he / she is there to