ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Verbal messages are messages that are transmitted orally from one party to another. Oral simply means word of mouth. As part of the overall course objectives, I decided to make deliberate attempts to uplift my ability to convey my verbal messages after having realized that I had a deficiency in this area. Effective verbal communicators can identify the right messages for the right occasion. They also can adequately deal with obstacles that are associated with the ineffective delivery of verbal messages. This means that success on my side can only be said to have been achieved if I am in a position to not only learn how to come up with the appropriate messages for each occasion but also be able to identify and eliminate the barriers that are part of the ineffective communication pathway. This leads to an overall successful communication experience that is necessary for success in any area of life (Adler. & Elmhorst 2009, p.27). Management is the best example of a field that makes use of effective communication skills. Theoretical Background The area of effective verbal communication has been studied by numerous scholars who have made different suggestions on how it can be carried out effectively. In the process of trying to uplift my verbal communication ability, the principle that not everything is important is vital. The 80/20 rule is there to guide us in reminding us that in most life situations, only twenty percent of the players score eighty percent of the goals (Koch 2001, pp.1-4). Put in another way, the impact of twenty percent is usually eighty percent, thus rendering eighty percent of the players largely useless. The idea here is to identify useful actions that have maximum impact in uplifting my verbal communication skills. M.M.Bakhtin and L.S.Vygotsky have been credited with the theory that puts the whole concept of verbal communication on a pragmatic path (Akhutina 1975, p.19). According to these two icons in the psychology of speech development, verbal communication is developed as a function of the societies in which we live. This is relevant in that it is not possible to develop a certain behavior in our verbal communication if this is not part of our environment or it is not required by the surroundings. In my effort
Los Angeles is considered as the embodiment of everything new and modern in American Culture—a combination of super highways, affordable housing, and opportunity for everyone. It was (and is) a cosmopolitan place, because it was built by immigrant settlers like Spaniards, Mexicans, English, French, Basques, Chinese, and Germans during late 1800s and early 20 th Century, and is a home for multitude of immigrants from various part of the world. Earlier the area of Los Angeles was inhabited by small bands of Garielino Indians. When Spanish occupations of California began, an exploratory expedition led by Gasper de Portola in 1769 camped by a river having all the requirements for the future large settlement. Friar Juan Crespi, in the group named the river El Rio de Nuestra Senora la Reyna de Los Angeles de Porciuncula, which means “The River of Our Lady the Queen of the Angels of Porciuncula” (History of Los Angeles County). In 1771 Father Junipero Serra and a group of Spaniards founded the San Gabriel Mission as the centre of the first community in this area. On Sept 4, 1781 the Pobladores led by Capt. Rivera y Minced established a community in the area discovered by Portola, and named it El Pueblo de la Reyna de Los Angeles (The Pueblo of the Queen of the Angels) which became popular over time as “City of Angels” or “Los Angeles.” Though the area was under control of Spanish authorities until 1822, American vessels arrived in the early 1800s, and the first English-speaking inhabitants settled in Los Angeles in 1818. By 1840s, Los Angeles became the largest town in Southern California, as the waters off the cost of California got frequented by traders and whale hunters. The hostilities between Mexico and the U.S ended in 1848, following the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, and added Los Angeles and rest of California to American Territory. It is believed that growth of Los Angeles is associated with California’s ‘Gold Rush’ that began in the hills southwest of the Antelope Valley in 1842, when Francisco Lopez accidentally found some gold flakes clinging on the roots of wild onions. Flocking of ‘Gold Hunters’ to Sutter’s Mill, Antelope Valley, Soledad Canyon, and the north of Los Angeles provided the town with a booming market, and many prospectors settled in the area. After the ending of Civil War (1860-1985), there was large immigration, and several large Mexican ranches were divided to create such places as Compton, Downey, Norwalk, San Fernando, Santa Monica, and Pasadena. On Feb. 18, 1850, the County of Los Angeles was established as one of the 27 original counties, and the new self-government was elected on April 1, 1850. Though one of the toughest towns in the West, Los Angeles was designated as the official seat of County government and was incorporated as a city. There was a varied stream of immigrants to Los Angeles, and with the Immigration Act of 1965, dramatic changes in the area begun with new immigrants. A survey c
First of all, it is essential to generally overview the source of the information for this assignment. All the information is taken from the Fortune magazine website, where various financial and economic data is published. One of the most notable aspects of the Fortune’s activity is their annual rankings, in which they sort out the world’s managers and organization according to a set of different criteria, as it is mentioned on the website ( Rankings 2017). Arguably, the most famous ranking list of the magazine under discussion is Fortune 500, where the best-performing companies are ranked. For the purposes of this assignment, Apple is chosen. This paper aims to investigate the information from the website in order to develop meaningful conclusions about how various ranking criteria could be applied to the same company, and also to explain how different rankings relate to processes within or outside an organization. Beforehand, it is essential to notice that all the financial information retrieved from the website derives from figures for the end of 2017 fiscal year. As of 2017, Apple has taken a small step back since it moved from the third to the fourth place in the ranking, despite a 6% gain in annual sales ( Apple 2017). It is also important to notice that the company has made an immensely successful rise in Fortune 500 ranking, from 325th place in the early 2000s, rapidly growing since the late 2000s to its current position ( Apple 2017). The net profit of the company is estimated to be more than $48 billion ( Apple 2017). The company’s downshift of the ranking could be
Joanne Rowling’s books on adventures of Harry Potter in the magic world are discussed as perfect examples of literature for children. However, the series about Harry Potter is also actively read by many adults because a lot of philosophical questions are discussed in the books, and researchers are inclined to find different hidden meanings and allegories in the story of an adolescent wizard. That is why, today there are many critical articles on the Harry Potter series in which different aspects of the books’ content are analyzed. Being an example of children’s literature, the Harry Potter series is also used the classroom. To focus on the effective use of the books for stimulating the learning process, it is necessary to examine certain examples of the critical literature on the series in order to choose the most appropriate resource to adapt the book series for teachers’ goals and objectives. Thus, in his article “Cryptozoology and the Paranormal in Harry Potter: Truth and Belief at the Borders of Consensus”, Peter Dendle discusses the role of the paranormal in the books. Julia Pond in her work “ A Story of the Exceptional : Fate and Free Will in the Harry Potter Series ” pays attention to the combination fate and free will in the story. In spite of th
America’s jobless recovery is an international issue that talks about a current economic problem that is facing the country. This article is therefore trying to explain why the country’s jobless recovery is not yet satisfactory as it is supposed to be (The Economist 1). It should be known that the country’s labor markets are faltering which is a major issue that needs to be evaluated and looked at carefully for long term sustainability. The major economic issue here is unemployment in the country. As far as the article is concerned, the economy has started picking up well and the issue of a strong recovery was just imminent. This is as far as adding jobs is concerned because 400,000 jobs had been created last year (till May). Unemployment is a major issue because just when Americans were hoping that things would look bright, it has increased from 9.0% to 9.1% (The Economist 3). As far as economics is concerned, lack of jobs is considered as the main cause of poverty. This is not only applicable to poor countries but even developed countries are not spared from this. Governments have been faced with a lot of problems in trying to create jobs and this is what is facing America. As much as America’s jobs situation has been improving, there have been disruptive shocks as a result of the global economy (The Economist 2). This means that such shocks have had far reaching complications on the country’s economy because it is not immune. For instance, bad weather and the political instability in the Middle East have affected the world economy in a broad way. Currently, the number of jobs that are available in the country can not support the population which is a major problem. As much as there might be good measures to increase production and ensure that the economy picks up, such will not be achieved with high levels of unemployment. People will not be able to create demand in the economy because of uncertainty as far as their jobs are concerned. This means that you cannot support yourself and to a large extend your family. In the long run, the economy cannot be boosted in any way. America’s growth has been disappointing in recent months and this is because of various reasons. Because of a slow down in economic activities, the labor market has been troubled in a broad way. It is quite disappointing that while the economy created 220,000 jobs up to April, it was only able to create 54,000 jobs the following month (The Economist 4). This economic issue is related to economic concepts that have been learned in class. In this case, the economy is always producing goods and services but there must be a guarantee that they will be sold. This means that with unemployment soaring up, people will not have any disposable income to support production activities. As a matter of fact, demand is created when people increase their spending on goods and services. When people loose their jobs or they are not able to find good jobs, they will always experience a shortage of money which is n
Introduction The puritans came to New England so that they might get an opportunity to implement their religious activities of worship freely. Puritans felt that the Church of England maintained Catholic beliefs that were not corrupt. They felt that they would incorporate Indians into their faith so that they could live peacefully. This did not happen and the English settlers and the Indians failed to have a meaningful relationship. Things escalated in the late seventeenth century and fighting broke out leading to the death of many people. The Puritans believed that they were God’s chosen people and therefore they had a covenant with him. According to John Winthrop, God made a heavenly covenant with the puritans, which represented Christian Charity. In this way, they felt that they were God’s light to the world for everyone to be saved. (Morgan, 10) Puritans main beliefs The Puritans believed that they had a special covenant with God and therefore if they followed his wishes no harm would befall them. Their leader John Winthrop felt that Puritans would serve God as perfect Christians to fulfill the covenant. This meant that they had staunch faith despite the trying conditions that they were facing. Their duty was to keep faith in God and turn, God would protect them from all harm. They argued that since God had created them, he would see to their sustenance for them to achieve prosperity. Therefore, Puritans had to ensure they maintained God’s laws otherwise God would desert them. Puritans believed in having a steady society and shared obligations among all people regardless of their wealth or poverty. In this way, they condemned the disturbing social and economic transformations that were quickly changing the English community. They also fought to recreate a perfect society that was going down in England. Puritans believed in the concept of destiny and God’s will for them. They felt that having faith in Jesus and sharing the sacraments did not guarantee salvation since nobody could choose salvation. To the Puritans, only God alone could give salvation. According to the Puritans, the Almighty God decided who would have abundant grace and receive salvation. They believed that once God chose someone, that particular person is blessed and saved but the blessing does not cause salvation. Puritans believed they are bound by God’s covenant and they must carry out God’s mission on earth. They had very strong religious beliefs that included unwavering private religious experience and honest moral behavior. They argued that everyone should preserve Chri
Jane Jacobs (2004) explains that science is admired in North America, and it can be explained by the fact that science has revealed significant information about the planet and its inhabitants. Although some people may oppose science based on their ideological views and accuse it of removing the enchantment from existence, science is fascinated with every detail of the world. Science can uncover dangerous knowledge that leads to destruction and violence, but it also can guide people in finding and fixing existing problems. Thus, science remains at the center of influence for the culture of North America as well as South and East Asia. Science is a state of mind that is guided by the desire to discover truths about reality. It is different from other pursuits such as spying and guessing because it has specific limitations and rules with which these restrictions are applied. There are four stages in which any scientific problem is considered, and they are repeated indefinitely since the unraveling of one problem creates others. The first one is the posing of a “fruitful” question – an inquiry that considers all previously uncovered knowledge but introduces a new mystery. The second step is the framing of a hypothetical answer that often requires a scientist to employ creativity, imagination, insight, and courage. During the third stage, this hypothesis is tested, either by nature itself or in a laboratory setting, and its results reveal whether the proposed answer was correct or not. While the real world eventually tests all hypotheses, the information does not always become apparent to people quickly since they may deny or ignore the truth. Finally, the results of this discovery invite new questions to be asked, thus closing the circle of scientific research and making the process continuous and self-renewing. Reference Jacobs, J. (2004). Dark age ahead . New York, NY: Random House.
Abstract This paper seeks to discuss low-cost sensors, which fuses the IoT methodology in smallholder agriculture farms. It is projected that the global population will increase to 9 billion by 2050, and food creation should increment from its present level. The crucial part of this development should come from small farmers who rely on hereditary knowledge in their agricultural practices and live in places where climate patterns and cycles are less understandable due to environmental change. Furthermore, during 1930, it was easy for one farmer to grow food for four people in the United States of America. However, today, with advanced technology, one farmer can supply 155 individuals. Smallholder ranches represent a considerable portion of agricultural creation in LMICs. The hereditary assorted variety of food is maintained by moderating the dangers of nourishing inefficiencies and environmental corruption. Smallholder farmers are the most vital part of the country, especially in the States like California, Texas, and Illinois, which have many holder farmers who generate immense revenue. Therefore, supporting such farmers is vital in helping the United States of America preserve the existing agricultural culture. Executive Summary This paper aimed to look into the IoT technology by first defining what IoT is, secondly, discussing how it can be implemented by listing down eight steps that should be followed. Thirdly, it looks at how the technology works in agriculture, specifically for the smallholder farms, by talking about some of the components that characterize IoT in agriculture. Finally, the research concludes by discussing some of the advantages and disadvantages of IoT technology and summarizes by calling for further research f
Introduction United States and Britain are believed to be strongest countries which have the strongest base in every area of participation. The two have done a lot in implanting so many things together with them the legislative and executives that governed the world. They show the efficient legislatures put in efficient governance by performing vital purposes essential to keep up democracy in complex and various cultures. Independent societies require the arena for the ventilation of societal dissimilarities brought by representative congregations with essential attach to the public. They require bodies that are competent in writing quality laws in cooperation to the political sense of getting accord from members, and in the scientific sense of attaining the proposed ideas. The exact ideas of which these functions are carried out differ with a system’s political structural design, the status of both the party and electoral system, and the will of those who carry it out. (Engel, 2001, p.203) This paper tries to compare the executive and legislative structures and processes of the two co
In the modern world of business, companies have to engage in stiff competition to survive in the market. Consequently, it is paramount for a new business to perform an analysis of the existing situation and identify what type of differential advantage its products will have. Thus, the current paper proposes a SWOT analysis for a new insurance company, discusses its leverages and core competencies, as well as describes the sources of its differential advantage and how it will meet the criteria for good differential advantages. SWOT Analysis It is possible to provide a SWOT analysis for the new company proposing the new high-deductible health insurance plan, organizing this analysis into a 2×2 table as suggested by Berkowitz (2017). This analysis is provided below, in Table 1. Table 1. A SWOT Analysis for the New Company. Strengths                                                                                                                                      Opportunities                                                                                                                                                                                           * A capability of providing high-deductible, low-premium health insurance for both individuals and groups of individuals                       * The dearth of advantageous health insurance options with high deductibles and low costs for couples and families of more than 2 people                                                                                                                                                                                                             * The lack of businesses that are aimed at small and medium-sized organizations (with fewer than 500 employees)                                                                                     Weaknesses                                                                                                                                     Threats                                                                                                                                                                                                 * The lack of any social capital that would give credit to the company and establish its trustworthiness in the eyes of potential customers    * The absence of social capital may hinder initial efforts to attract customers, potentially making offers that are more advantageous for clients than the offers of competitions appear suspicious   * Potential issues about the new entry to the market
Introduction Emirates NBD proudly describes itself as the leading banking group in its geographical region (Emirates NBD, 2017). This organization was officially created and registered on the financial market of Dubai in 2007. However, the banking activity of the establishments of which Emirates NBD is comprised has been in place for 50 years. The Group appeared out of a merger of two large banks – the National Bank of Dubai and Emirates Bank International. Using merging, the two banks increased their productivity and were able to become a powerful banking champion in the area. In that way, Emirates NBD was selected for this assessment due to its high level of corporate excellence and the adherence to quality and sustainability standards. The activities of the organization are thoroughly outlined in its recent report thus enabling the assessment and analysis of its current performance in terms of corporate sustainability. Selected Report Criteria Vision, Company Structure, and Strategy The vision that is presented on the official website of Emirates NBD includes one major goal that is making the clients’ lives simpler. According to its vision, the bank’s focus is on the provision of excellent customer experience. This vision makes it obvious that the leaders and personnel of Emirates NBD are fully aware of the most common issues that occur in the customer service of the banking industry. Most of such issues are related to the lengthy operations and the need for the clients to wait in lines for a long time. In that way, in many banks all around the world, the customers have to face bureaucratic organizational structures that complicate all of the banking operations thus making them exhausting, confusing, and time-consuming. Due to the awareness of the importance of the customers’ time and the tight connection between the length of wait and the level of customer satisfaction, Emirates NBD can secure and maintain its position as the leading banking group in the area. As for the corporate structure of the organization, it should be noted that the bank is organized by a clear vertical structure that assumes top-down leadership and management utilizing the benefits of this type of structure such as orderliness and clear goal-setting and, at the same time, avoiding its disadvantages such as the bureaucratic approach to operations and reduced cost-efficiency. The organization’s strategy is focused on the elimination and prevention of risks. This strategy is aligned with the corporate structure as both of these aspects are the responsibilities of the single authority – the Board. The strategy of Emirates NBD is directed at the improvement of its services in terms of customer experience, as well as the provision of excellent care to the other stakeholders involved. Stakeholder Inclusiveness When it comes to the inclusiveness of the stakeholders, it is mentioned in several different parts of the report under review. In particular, stakeholder inclusiveness and the organizati