ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
It is imperative to avow that Facebook is amongst the most visited social group sites. Initiate by Mark Zuckerberg in 2003, this site has expanded exponentially in the last few years. Created with the help of fellow students, Facebook was initially used in Harvard University only and later in other colleges. Realizing that the primary activity of Facebook was to make comparison of students using their pictures, the university management ordered for its closure. Mark was to face disciplinary measures for breaching rights to privacy. Harvard University later dropped any punitive action against Mark. In 2005, facebook rolled out internationally. This was the first step that made it a force in the social network industry. The roll out in high school gave way for corporation to register and finally face book opened up for members of the public to establish accounts. Controversy and uncertainty surrounded facebook from its inception and early years of operation. Mark’s schoolmates filled a lawsuit disputing hi
Introduction Promoting sportswear might seem easy – as long as sport exists, there will always be high demand in the given niche. However, Adidas was one of the first companies that decided to appeal to the general audience, thus, opening more opportunities for the companies producing sports clothes. The given step, however, also opened the door to numerous challenges, which Adidas fights very efficiently in such commercials as the advertisement of T Max 6 shoes. Description In their advertisement of T Max 6 shoes, Adidas provides an image of a hall with a range of lockers, two pairs of shoes, the red ones in the foreground and the white ones on the left and on the right side of the red pair. In the distance, a group of people can be seen. In the center of the advertisement, a caption saying “Together we can” runs in what is supposed to remind of a handwritten note. Analysis Setting As it has been stressed above, Adidas clearly puts the stake on both athletic performers and average citizens, which the advertisement displays in a very graphic manner. On the one hand, the setting, with lockers and a long hall, can clearly be defined as a gym at the very least. Thus, sportsmen are being addressed. However, the silhouettes of the people in the background are so vague that they could be practically anyone, from Dennis Rodman and Michael Jordan to any member of the target audience. Therefore, the viewer can easily imagine himself among sport stars and, thus, relate to the advertisement and the product in question. Messages No matter how vague the background might be, though, one can spot easily not one, not two, but at least three people walking in a straight line. A seemingly minor detail at first, on a second thought, the given element of the commercial appears to be the most important part of the advertisement, not only because it affects the audience on a subliminal level, but also because it appeals to people’s necessity to be a part of society, which the catchphrase in the caption reiterates and, thus
Introduction The main aim of surgery is to improve health outcomes of patients. Patient safety is an important aspect during surgery (Steelman & Graling 2013). Over the years, the issue of maintaining and/or regulating patients’ perioperative temperatures has been eliciting a significant amount of interest among caregivers across the world (Hooper et al 2010). It is worth noting that the body temperature of any healthy individual is maintained at a certain value, the average figure being 37 degrees Celsius (Roberson, Dieckmann, Rodriguez & Austin 2013). Clinicians measure body temperatures so that they can conclude about conditions of patients. For example, some diseases and health conditions may lead to immunological actions that result in a temperature rise (hyperthermia). Hyperthermia is not good for biological activities in the human body because catalysts that facilitate all life processes function best at 37 degrees Celsius. Likewise, hypothermia is not ideal for biological activities due to the same reason of catalysts acting at the normal body temperature (Moola & Lockwood 2011). Thus, clinicians are guided by body temperature of a patient to initiate a certain regimen of medications. Clinical thermometers are excellent tools that are applied to measure human temperature. Several studies have shown that patients undergoing anaesthesia of more than thirty minutes should have their temperatures monitored (Roberson et al 2013). The same has been recommended for individuals undergoing major surgery under neuraxial anaesthesia. Although internal body temperature is maintained within a very narrow range, it has been shown that general anaesthesia results in significant dose-dependent reductions in the core temperature. The reductions trigger cold defence mechanisms, including vasoconstriction and shivering. In fact, it has been established that the anaesthetic negative impact on thermoregulation that culminates in altered distribution of body heat is the key origin of hypothermia in a significant number of patients across the globe. However, it is important to note that neuraxial anaesthesia has less impact on thermoregulation in comparison with general anaesthesia. Although epidural analgesia is correlated with hyperthermia, the cause of the elevated temperatures of the body is not yet known (Moola & Lockwood 2011; Zurita et al 2012). Generally, surgery is exemplified by the following: exposure of the core body to a cold surrounding, administration of fluids that are not warmed via the veins and escape of water vapour from within surgical sites (Andrzejowski, Turnbull, Nandakumar, Gowthaman & Eapen 2010). That notwithstanding, research has shown that these factors alone cannot lead to hypothermia. Mechanisms that are involved in thermoregulation would be expected to maintain core body temperature in cases of surgery
Effective Communication is Relational This is the most fundamental principle that guides the rest of the rules of engagement. The premise here is that there are always different points of view, and conflict resolution, as well as any communication, depends on both sides’ attempt to acknowledge, understand and appreciate their opinions. In order to achieve success in this process, it is essential for the leader to have an idea of the employee’s background. That is why I plan to pay attention to where people come from and their cultural and social underpinnings. Of course, it will not be possible without cooperation from the other side; that is when the other rules come into play. Effective Communication is Calm Although emotions are seen as essential mediators in human communication, in business management, effective communication is not possible when the interaction overcomes rational reasoning. It is true for both sides: the manager and the employee. As Tyson (2006) states, “being calm, connecting with the individual, and being positive sets the stage for the end work of effective communication: a mutually beneficial and constructive exchange” (p. 9). It is extremely important to learn efficient ways to carry on a calm conversation with another person, and I believe it is the manager’s objective to be able to move the talk in the right direction. Effective Communication is Positive Techniques for constructive communication necessarily involve positive attitudes. Constructive influence presupposes, first of all, productive goals that take into account the interests of all participants in the communication process. It also contributes to the preservation and development of business and interpersonal relationships, and a positive emotional mood in the process of communication. Following this rule, I am going to develop the skills of constructive criticism, which presupposes a positive attitude towards the person who is being criticized, an attitude of equality and respect. I will focus on the fact that in the process of communication, it is very important to express approval, a positive assessment of the qualities or actions of a person. Effective Communication is Mutually Beneficial When two parties listen to each other, both win. Mutual understanding and respect become the basis for cooperation, interdependence, and loyalty. Effective communication skills allow opposites to coexist – this is the ultimate ability to understand a different perspective and find a compromise. In fact, there is no point in arguing about who is right and who is wrong; it only hurts the case. The goal of effective communication is to build and maintain communication, support, and working relationships that are mutually beneficial and therefore lasting. When the result of communication is beneficial not only to the leader but also to the employee themselves, a positive effect of building strong long-ter
Introduction In the past two decades, researchers have made tremendous progress in biotechnology. Currently, there are multiple devices that are under clinical trials. They include the bionic arm and BrainPort among others. One of the now renowned biotechnological developments is the bionic eye. The other term for the bionic eye is a visual prosthesis. The eye is an “experimental optical device intended to restore functional vision in those suffering from partial or total blindness” (Watkins par. 1). The first bionic eye was invented in 1983. Since then, scientists have come up with multiple devices intended to assist individuals with visual impairment. Researchers develop bionic eyes based on the cause of blindness. The bionic eye “stimulates a part of the retina that is still healthy and provides flashes of light which the patient can interpret as an image” (Layton par. 1). Therefore, individuals who use bionic eyes do not see like those that use normal eyes. Nevertheless, the invention of the bionic eye will go a long way towards helping individuals suffering from retinitis pigmentosa. This article will discuss the background and the present breakthroughs in the development of the bionic eye. Background of Bionic Eye The development of the bionic eye came as a result of the impacts of retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Retinitis pigmentosa is an eye ailment that leads to the impairment of the retina. Scientists claim that the retina is an essential part of the eye as it changes light images to nerve signs. Besides, the retina transmits the nerve signs to the brain for interpretation. Doctor Mark Humayun was the first scientist to invent the bionic eye dubbed Argus Ocular Implant. The doctor felt challenged after his grandmother went blind at a time when there was no cure for blindness. His desire to assist people suffering from visual difficulties led to the invention of the first bionic eye. Dr. Mark came up with an intraocular retinal prosthesis that “restores some visual capabilities for patients whose blindness is as a result of retinitis pigmentosa” (Ayton and Nayagam par. 3). The doctor borrowed ideas from an artificial hearing device. According to the doctor, the bionic eye operates by vitalizing electrically distinct components of the visual pathway. Facts about the Bionic Eye Doctor Mark designed the bionic eye in such a way that it imitates the functions of the normal retina. The eye helps to reinstate sight for persons with intense vision loss. The bionic eye utilizes a retinal implant attached to a video camera to transform images into electrical signals. The electrical signals “activate the remaining retinal cells that then carry the signal back to the brain” (Watkins par. 1). A video camera is embedded in a pair of glasses to help in capturing and processing images. The camera sends the images to a bionic implant that is attached behind the eye. The implant activates latent optic nerves to produce points of light that facilitate the formation of images in the brain. The whole bionic eye system operates on a battery pack that is found in the video processing unit.
Predictive Marketing Predictive marketing is valuable to integrated digital marketing since it supports the utilization of data analytics to monitor consumer behaviors and emerging trends. The collected information guides the best actions and strategies that can yield desirable results. Using such a model, businesses engage in targeting to identify certain segments, groups, and regions to inform them about the intended products or services. Using the power of analytics, marketers can monitor or predict the lifetime customer value (LCV) to understand the potential benefits of a long-term relationship with a specific buyer. These examples are advantageous because they reduce wastage of marketing resources due to the accuracy involved. Firms and businesses can also guess future developments or consumer behaviors. Additionally, the entire process is founded on mathematical and marketing principles, thereby increasing chances of having a profitable integrated digital marketing. Implementation As a marketer, I would implement predictive marketing in my company by identifying the best tools to pursue the agenda. I will begin by collecting adequate data from the selected targets or customers in order to understand their behaviors and future expectations. I can engage in continuous discussions with stakeholders to assign numerous values to the anticipated changes and developments. I will combine this information with the monitored behaviors, purchasing patterns, and overall trends in the wider sector to make accurate data analytics and predictions. I will collaborate with the marketing and planning department to understand how different customers have pursued their personal goals within the past decade. I will go further to monitor their future objectives and use analytical tools to meet their demands. These attributes will result in a superior marketing model that can eventually make my organization more successful and profitable. Causal Inference Digital marketing interventions have the potential to encourage more customers to identify and start buying certain services or products. The concept of causal inference is critical in this field since it makes it possible for the marketer to make valid conclusions regarding the causal connection between an introduced effect and the conditions in which such as occurrence will be recorded. The person involved will pursue the tool or model to monitor the response of the executed effect variable at a time when there is a change in the cause. This approach is essential because it guides marketers and organizations to draw a wide range of insights or conclusions about the causal connection attributed to the effect and the occurrence conditions. The professional will consider various actions and their effect sizes for successful sales model. Individuals can, therefore, consider the most appropriate marketing mix strategy that is capable of maximizing sales and profits. From this description, it is evident that causation differs significantly from correlation. The latter examines how two variables or effects determine or predict the anticipated results or information. On th
In today’s society, graphic designers carry out a myriad of artistic and professional services, which center on visual communication and presentation. Graphic designers normally employ different techniques to develop symbols, images, and/or words that create a visual representation of ideas and messages in areas such as market research, corporate identity/branding, poster design, advertisements, book layouts, motion video graphics, clothing/fabric design, product design, and many other areas. In solving visual communication problems, they often make use of topography, visual arts, and page layouts procedures to generate products that transcend frontiers and cultural divides. Among all the arts around us, graphic design is the most universal, powerful, and influential (Newark, 6). Since we engage with it in the streets, in almost everything, and even on our bodies, it is not just a modern or a capitalistic phenomenon. This paper examines its role in today’s society. Graphic design is a very new design expression technique, which was a spontaneous response to the vast communication requirements of the industrial revolution. As a product of the last hundred years, graphic design was developed in order to market the fruits of mass production to the increasing numbers of consumers. In the late nineteenth century, the growing reproduction technologies in Europe and North America presented the graphic designers wi
Charles John Huffam Dickens   * Charles John Huffam Dickens was a male English novelist during the Victorian era whose poetic, comic and florid literature remains iconic up to date.   * He was born on February 7, 1812 in Portsmouth, Hampshire by Elizabeth nee Barrow and John Dickens. His father was a Navy Pay Office clerk that educated Charles at William Gile’s School, Chatham.   * His father was imprisoned Marshalsea Prison in 1824 following his debts while his family moved there as Dickens was left to work in Warren’s Shoe Blacking Factory.   * He experienced child labor at the age of twelve to support his family but later learnt shorthand and worked as a court reporter at Doctor’s Commons while during his leisure time, he would read a lot of literature.   * He started his own writing as a social activist against social ills evident in his lectures, writing and talks.   * The 19 th century author gained an international recognition due to his unique literary style of Gothic romance involving realism and fantasy that handled the social issues in the contemporary society.   * Dickens died in 1870 at Gad’s Hill Place following a stroke and was buried as Poet’s Corner, Westminster Abbey contrary to his wishes (Hotten et al., 1870). George Eliot   * George Eliot is the pen-name used by Mary Anne Evans, a female English novelist during the Victorian era. Her male penname was meant to add seriousness to her work, avoid women stereotype and evade public scrutiny following her personal romantic relationship with a married man, George Henry Lewes.   * She was born in 22 November, 1819 in Warwickshire as the third daughter of Robert Evans and Christiana Evans who were local farmers.   * She gained private education but stopped schooling at nineteen, following her mother’s death in 1839 and moved to Coventry with her father from 1841 to 1849 where she continued reading books and learn Italian and German.   * She moved to London and in 1850 and wrote for Westminster Review where she became an editor for two years.   * She however caused a scandal due to her relationship with George Henry Lewes in 1851 that detached her from family and friends. She adopted the pseudo-name when she started writing in 1856 and in 1869 he started to write Middlemarch that made her more famous, although it upsets the modern feminists.   * She remarried John Cross (20 years younger) in 1880 after Lewes death in 1878 and became ill after being married for seven months.   * She died in her sleep on 22 December 1880 and was buried at Highgate Cemetery besides Lewes (Hardy, 2006). Samuel Butler   * Samuel Butler was born in Nottinghamshire, England in December 4, 1835 as the first-born male of Rev. Thomas Butler and Fanny Worsley. He had a background of clerics and therefore, that was his likely career but he defied his Anglican upbringing.   * He schooled at Shrewsbury and later in S
Introduction The United Arab Emirates is a fast-growing and diversified economy in the Gulf region. Its population is composed of different ethnic groups and nationalities coming from Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Europe. International firms or multinationals help boost the economy. As a result, it has complicated health problems due to occupational hazards. This is not the case if we look at the history of the UAE as a growing Muslim nation. Emiratis have the belief of environmental stewardship as ingrained in their Muslim culture. The Holy Qur’an teaches believers to care for animals and plants and tell Muslims to have great concern for the environment (Aspinall, 2006 as cited in Gibson et al., 2013). Environmentalism is deeply seated in the people’s culture. His Excellency Sheikh Zayed, the UAE’s founder, has been internationally recognized for his conservation efforts, having received no less than the Gold Panda Award from the international body, the World Wildlife Foundation (2000 as cited in Gibson et al., 2013). Sheikh Zayed also received posthumously the “Champion of the Earth Award” from the UN Environment Programme (Gibson et al., 2013). Despite their love for nature, Emiratis also want economic growth. There lies a complication because of the threat of the environment on people’s health. This paper will discuss the UAE’s environmental risks that have caused occupational health problems. The problem stems from the continuous economic growth which has triggered the influx of tourists and migrant workers in the country. First, there was the problem of infectious diseases, but due to the government’s enhanced health programs, the problem has shifted to non-infectious diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, occupational injury, cancer, and respiratory illness. This paper will first delve into the background of the country UAE, from its roots: seven hereditary monarchies that decided to form the UAE. Major economic activities began when it struck oil, and from this, the problem of health evolved. Discussion of the literature will focus on health issues and their causes. Some case studies on tumor and brain cancer suffered by workers in a chemical and manufacturing plant are also included in the final analysis of the literature. The conclusion and recommendations will discuss the government’s strategic health plan. Future research should deal with longitudinal data that should be available for UAE strategic planning in health and safety programs. There is a lack of empirical research on this aspect. Literature Review The United Arab Emirates The UAE is a country comprised of seven hereditary monarchies called emirates, established in the early part of the seventies. The country is blessed with so-called black gold, oil, but has successfully diversified its economy by attracting large multinationals to invest in its land. It has enhanced infrastructures, built skyscrapers, and diversified its manufacturing bas