ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
In recent years, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) became dedicated to female empowerment. Many people now acknowledge that females can be as important and active members of society as men and can make valuable contributions to its improvement, yet sexism did not disappear completely. While the instances of open discrimination based on gender may become rarer, veiled sexism still thrives. In this journal entry, I would like to discuss the origins of this phenomenon and potential ways to deal with it. Sexism is a form of discrimination based on gender, and, like such forms of hatred as racism and homophobia, it is directed towards a less powerful and privileged group of the population. In other words, it is expressed by males towards females. Historically, many traditions favored men and, through social norms, cultural values, and religious rules, supported their position of power while encouraging women to be less ambitious, more submissive, and timid. Obviously, even such progressive countries of the Arabic world as the UAE are prone to unequal distribution of power among genders due to their cultural and religious backgrounds. However, Smith (2013) notes that sexism is not related to religion alone and
Introduction The case is about the international company Citrus Glow, which is facing a problem pertaining to the valuation of the company for the issuance of an initial public offering (IPO) in the market to increase the capital structure of the company. The Citrus Glow International is a company which launched the completely organic orange based cleaning agent by the name of ‘citrus glow’ into the market. The company has since its initiation, increased its portfolio to include detergents, and cleaners for se in home as well as industrial places. The paper highlights the different techniques that can be used to value the company for an IPO and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the specific approached. The benefits of using an IPO to increase the capital structure of the company are also provided. Situation The situation that is presented in the case is that the company Citrus Glow International has grown considerably since its inception in 1984. Now in order to operate in the market and compete against the competitors who have started launching similar products as manufactured by Citrus Glow International into the market, the company needs to increase its capital structure to support the growing business and the expanding scale of its operations. Analysis Citrus Glow International is interested in going for an IPO. The reason behind it is that an IPO will enable the company to go public. By going public Citrus Glow International would benefit financially with an increased capital financing. This increase in the capital can be used by the company for research and development as well as for expanding the operations of the company to match the competition in the market. Moreover the public awareness of the company will also be increased as the IPO will generate publicity for the company. The main advantage that will be available to the company would be the increase in the market share of the company. The increased operation as well as the increased resources of the company will enable it to reach to the people in the market who previously either were not aware of the product or did not have access to places where the product could have been bought. The disadvantages of the approach however pertain to increases rules and regulation that company will have to comply with the state, and the increase scrutiny which would be placed on Citrus Glow International. Additionally disclosures will have to be made for the investors in the business through the SEC Act of 1934. Financial reporting documents as well as investor relation departments would also need to be launched by the company which can increase the costs for the company through the Sarbanes Oxley Act. The valuation model used by Lisa is the Corporate Valuation Model by which the company is values in terms of the present value of its free cash flows. Through this model the valuation of the company involves finding the market value by determining the present value of the company’s future FCFs. The mar
The introduction Immigration books My exploration of immigration is based on the books I have read. So, to highlight the basic points of immigration, I would like you to become familiar with special literature. The first picture book I’ve studied is Hoang Anh: a Vietnamese- American Boy written by Hoyt-Goldsmith, Diane. According to the plot of the book, the boy Hoang Anh describes the daily activities his family experiences in America, CA. The main character depicts the traditional culture and the way his immigrant family understands the new reality. The second picture book I want to introduce you to is American Too , written by Bartone, Elisa. The main character is an Italian girl Rosina who came to America with her family after the First World War. When the girl sees the Statue of Liberty, she understands that she wants to become a real American girl. She refuses to eat Italian food and changes her name to American Rosie . Finally, the girl realizes that being both an Italian and an American is really great. One more book I want you to become familiar with is ‘ Tis. A memoir is written by an Irish-American teacher Francis “Frank” McCourt. This book is about the author’s impoverished childhood in Ireland, as well as about his American life. The author depicts stupid American traditions and wants to enter blue-collar society in the USA. The body The fundamentals of immigration So, when reading about immigration, I would like to consider some fundamentals of the movement of non-native people into a certain state. First of all, there is a need to point out that the issue of immigration is recognized to be extremely popular in mass media. They say that various movies about immigrants do not reflect the reality of the issue. In my opinion, such stereotyped reflections are mostly associated with real cultural differences; so, on the one hand, the so-called stereotypes seem to be real. However, it is necessary to consider the issue in detail. For instance, let’s remember American opinions about immigrants. When the protests concerning immigration occurred, a national attitude towards the issue caused ambiguous views. Of course, the impact of mass media can not be neglected. Thus, one is to keep in mind that mass media was transformed into a tool of socialization, “in which persons behave in a manner consistent with models they view on television” (Ferguson, 2004, p. 4). However, some assumptions concerning mass media must be pointed out. In other words, it is necessary to remember that media forms the so-called societal opinions, but no one can say that it reflects them. On the other hand, the stereotypes, which media forms, seem to be inconsistent and flawed. The most important argument, however, is considered to be the fact that media portrayals of phenomenon are based on advertisement. So, when I have read the books, it becomes obvious that immigration seems to be a stereotyped phenomenon. Generally, a person’s understanding of the meaning of a stereotype defines his or her view in relatio
Introduction This paper focuses on the employee satisfaction levels and training effectiveness challenges of a client-supplier organization. The organization is involved in the manufacture and supply of steel products. The products are mainly used in the road and railway construction industries, automobiles companies, major appliances, and other smaller appliances such as bolts and nails. The organization has employed 2,000 employees and has a major manufacturing plant and three subsidiary branches in other smaller towns engaged in supply. The main challenges facing the organization are training ineffectiveness and low levels of employee satisfaction. Problem Analysis The dependent variables are employee satisfaction levels and training effectiveness. The level of employee satisfaction has been affected by the environmental factor of heat involved in the work environment, payment levels, and training opportunities offered to the employees. The manufacturing process of steel involves high-temperature conditions in the smelting furnace (Degarmo, Black & Kohser, 2003). According to Guagao et al. (1983), working in extremely hot environments has been known to cause heatstroke and other psychological strains on workers which lower their satisfaction with their job. The level of satisfaction is further influenced by the
Introduction Sea otters are fascinating and tremendously appealing animals whose history has been marked by both disaster and recovery. At one time in history, sea otters existed in great numbers along the northern coasts of the Pacific Ocean but due to their more attractive and protective shaggy coat, their discovery exposed them to great danger. An unrelenting onslaught of these sea mammals ensued and within a few decades, great herds of sea otters were killed and the coats used for trade by the Indians. However, after the species had almost become extinct and their protection began, the species began to recover and towards the close of the 20th century, conservation had given rise to tens of thousands of sea otters. In the 1980s, sea otters were a common occurrence along the beautiful coasts of Alaska, British Columbia, California, and northeast Asia. But the battle to conserve sea otters was not won yet because over-fishing, whaling, and predator whales during the 21st century once again upset the ecosystem in such a way that only a small fraction of the sea otters that existed twenty years earlier could be accounted for. Governments however stepped in to conserve this sea mammal and today, about 100,000 to 300,000 sea otters now grace the ocean waters under the protection of the law (Kruuk, pp. 3-5; Berta et al., p. 105). Lifecycle of sea otters The sea otter, Enhydra lutris , is said to be the smallest marine mammal but forms the largest membership in the Family Mustelidae which consists of approximately 70 species of river otters, badgers, skunks, and weasels among others. The sea otters like other otters belong to the weasel family and the largest otter can grow up to 1.8m long from the snout to the tail and weigh about 45 kg. Some sea otters can however weigh as heavy as 40kg. Sea otters have a very long and sleek body with a small head, a short and muscular tail, and sportier limbs than other otters. They have ears and noses that are close to the water. In terms of their size, sea otters are bigger than other types of otters with adult males weighing about 29kg while females weighing roughly 20kg and have mean total lengths measuring 129cm and 120 cm respectively. Sea otters have shorter tails measuring less than a third of the total body length and have thick fur that gives the mammals a grizzled appearance. Unlike other otters, sea otters have partly retractable and sharp claws on their front feet while the hind feet are flippers. The sea otter has a larger skull than other otters, using its large jaws to grip struggling prey and crush shellfish. It has long incisors that are used to stab fish and the molars are quite large and flattened being used to crush the food. Sea otters also have five senses like human beings with sensitive whiskers on the snout that help to detect vibrations from swimming creatures as well as find food in clouded muddy waters (Marshall Cavendish Corporation, p. 509; Kruuk, p. 11; Marshall Cavendish Corporation & G
Introduction In the provision of healthcare services, an organization should be keen on presenting mechanisms that will provide the best of services that can be relied on by its clients. Shapiro Cardiovascular is a major organization in the United States that has been top in the provision of expert surgery to several clients. Taking the situation of Shapiro Cardiovascular Organization, several considerations are necessary towards the realization of their goals (Drucker & Ferdinand, 1999). Below are some of the elements that are ideal in the realization of goals and objectives for the organization. Mission Statement The organization is aimed at providing the best medical and healthcare services to all clients. It also has the responsibility of offering reliable surgical solutions to all that are in need. This kind of mission will enhance the realization of goals towards the provision of the best health care solutions to various individuals who need the services from the organization. Standards and Scope The scope is towards better service delivery and surgical solutions; the organization assumes several standards and a scope that has to be followed accordingly. The first standard is to have expert heart operation and surgical procedures. Nurses and management staff have been provided with the high operational standards that they are obliged to maintain. Everything in the organization has to be done with the highest degree of integrity towards the delivery of the best services to the clients and customers (Cooper & Campbell, 2009). Government Regulations and Accreditation Organization’s Influence Being one of the major providers of surgical solutions in the country, the organization has maintained its reputation and has been receiving clients from not only the country but also from other different parts of the world. However, some of the health regulations put up by the government and accreditation have been necessary for this operation. The government requires that the organization offers expert surgical quality services that address the needs of particular patients (Houdmont & Leka, 2010). It is only when such requirements have been met that the organization can be accredited towards the provision of such services of health in the country. Government regulations have been important in ensuring the best health care service provider to the people. As well, there is a need to make sure that some Medicare and Medicare demands have been met by the organization before accreditation starts operating in the country. Findings of a Quality Director’s Functions From the interview done, several roles and challenges have been identified as key to such operations. Some of the roles and functions include organizational functionality and leadership. This has to be done in the be
Introduction Our product (mobile phone accessory) is to be marketed to a specific age category (14-18 year olds), therefore the marketing strategy adopted has to appeal to this age group. Therefore, the marketing team will design a plan that targets the specified market segment. The strategy will involve the use of websites frequently visited by children between 14-18 years. Before developing the marketing strategy for the mobile phone accessories, it is imperative that we analyze the nature and size of the market, then establish our presence in all the target markets through the web. The Strategy is outlined below: Marketing Strategy The first stage is the development of the marketing plan. Our products will be sold in the African and Asian continents in bulk to wholesalers and stockists. Since we are a new supplier, we will devise ways of attracting people to our website, however, to turn visitors into buyers, we will to use a website interface that is friendly and easy to use (Laura 2011). This stems from the fact that the target market is 14-18 year olds, and since these are children who cannot make their own purchases, our website will mainly target parents. Therefore, we will advertise our products in websites frequented by both adults and teenagers. The second stage is to review the website. Statements such as “This site optimized for Internet Explorer 9” will be omitted since it will ‘scare away’ persons using Firefox or other web browsers, instead, we will use adequate visual representations or people donning our products and will use a Flash player. An important technical design at this stage will be to use Search Optimization Engine (SEO) tools to help web users find our website (Fiona 2011). The website design will allow additions and updates. The third stage is to use web analytics to learn about people who visit our site. The analytics will provide the number of visitors, keywords used by the visitors, sources of referrals, the proportion of visitors that actually made purchases and the number of visitors lost at each stage of the checkout process. This information will assist us in revising the design of the website to ensure that the checkout proc
A case study is an explanation of activities, events or problems that contain hypothetical or real situations and comprises the complexities likely to be encountered in the workplace. A case study can be used to help see how these complexities affect decision-making in the real life (Dancun 2012, 78). Analysis of case studies requires both practical experience in knowledge application and thinking talents which are applied in real circumstances. Learning from case study implies analysis which can be described as evaluation, interpretation and use of knowledge that help make final decision (Baker 2004, 12). According to Valentine, an excellent case must have the following characteristics:  1. Must be drawn from a real life situation but identities can be concealed.  2. Must consist of various parts where each part ends with predicaments and proposals for debate.  3. The case study must include enough information for the reader that help solve problems and related issues.  4. It must be believable for the reader (Valentine 2009, 75). The case studies are in-depth studies of particular circumstances before a survey. Case study method is used to narrow down a broad research subject into one simple and easily researchable question (Baker 2004, 12). A case study may not respond to a query satisfactorily, but it gives some suggestions and advocates for the further expansion and theory creation on a particular issue (Yvonne 2007, 19). The process of case study testing means that proof of an individually stated hypothesis depends on the framework or design. For instance, you have an excellent computer model. The model can be applicable to describe the way a rock pool ecosystem works, but only real situation trials can show whether it is realistic or not (Yvonne 2007, 19). When writing a proposal for any case study research, a work plan must be of an achievable period. The requirements to the whole research process should be included in the plan and a reasonable budget should be proposed to manage the whole process successfully. The final report of the case study must be in line with the plan. The case study report should explain its findings. Recommendations and gaps for further research must be stated in the report (Baker 2004, 12). Many scientists have proposed case study as a confident way of doing research and the records were set many years ago. Scientists are occasionally guilty of bogging down in the standard picture, and it is essential to recognize exact cases and guarantee a more holistic way to conduct the research (Sun Tzu 1998, 93). One benefit of designing a case study research is the possibility to focus on exact and motivating cases. This can tempt you to experiment with a hypothesis or a distinctive case (Sun Tzu 1998, 93). A case study tries to simplify complex and vast area of research into a small and comprehensible topic. It is crucial to put more weight on relevance of the subject to the questions or question in the research (William 2001, 43). Analysis Results of a case study rely on the views of the people involved in the research and not on statistical data. After the researcher collected all the required data
Modern science could be considered an efficient cognition and research tool that helps people obtain answers to the most important questions and creates the basis for the further evolution of society. However, to provide investigators with relevant information, it should use the most credible sources to assure that the data is useful for the research. For this reason, there are numerous tools and kinds of analyses that are explored by scientists when investigating the most important regularities of certain phenomena. Using different methodologies, investigators could also obtain various results and trace the evolution of numerous patterns. In this regard, the choice of methodology should be given great attention. Besides, single-subject research is one of the above-mentioned approaches to the investigation of a certain phenomenon or notion. In general, it is a group of research methods that are used in the experimental analysis of behavior with both human and non-human participants (“Single Subject Research” par. 1). It is very often used in spheres of psychology, education, human behavior, etc. and is characterized by single-subject design as it could describe the differences between individuals better than any other method that could be applied to the given sphere. For this reason, single-subject research could be recommended for educators who are interested in the investigation of a certain pattern within a single individual. Besides, another great advantage of the given method is flexibility and possibility to introduce new options and alterations in the course of the experiment because of the low number of participants who should be explained new conditions and terms of research. For this reason, in the case in the course of the experiment, a need for some new data appears, an investigator could reorganize the approach and shift priorities to achieve new goals. Besides, the given method as opposed to group design research which is focused on the investigation of the manifestation of a certain value within the members of a certain group (Purswell and Ray 117). The given pattern also provides numerous opportunities for investigators as it could show the correlation between the group and an individual and the way different qualities are expressed. For this reason, there are two major differences between single and group designs. The first one lies in the object of the investigation as the single one is focused on the exploration of a certain individual or another object while group design rests on the data collected from the group of participants who have different peculiarities and provide relevant information that could help to conduct a certain experiment. Altogether, both single and group designs are used in science to obtain the feasible and credible data needed to trace the evolution of a certain phenomenon and make a conclusion related to its main peculiarities. Yet, the flexibility and possibility to introduce new options could be considered great advantages of the given method as they guarantee the acquisition of important data and comprehensive analysis of an individuals behavioral patterns, mot