ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Summary of the Article The article under consideration, written by Chye and Gerry (2002), focuses on data mining as a part of newly emerging tools for the business assessment processes. The authors state that data warehousing and knowledge management are other components of new information systems (Chye & Gerry, 2002). According to the article, data mining aims to identify “valid, novel, potentially useful, and understandable correlations and patterns in data” (Chye & Gerry, 2002, p. 1). It could be stated with certainty that the advancement of computer technologies, both in terms of hardware and data mining software improvements, significantly facilitates the accessibility and affordability of data mining for different business companies (Chye & Gerry, 2002). The article is subdivided into five parts, which explore various aspects of data mining in the context of customer relationship management. This paper aims to summarize each of the article’s sections subsequently. Customer Relationship Management First of all, the article generally elaborates on the notion of customer relationship management (CRM), which is defined as “the process of predicting customer behavior and selecting actions to influence that behavior to benefit the company” (Chye & Gerry, 2002, p. 2). Further, the article states that there are several main objectives of CRM. The first objective is to get closer to the customer by utilizing the data from the enterprise databases (Chye & Gerry, 2002). Thus, a company can predict the customer’s behavior in advance (Chye & Gerry, 2002). Secondly, it is esse
Introduction People consider political writing and speech making as portrayed by George Orwell persuasive and manipulative. Convincing the reader at the expense of the effective use of language is the only thing that such a writer has at the back of his/ her mind. In his essay “Politics and the English Language”, George Orwell argues that this ineffective use of language that leads to the decline of a language has some political or economic force behind it and is not necessarily because of bad influence from an individual writer (Orwell 142). The paper calls upon the reader to create a linkage between corruptive or corrupted language and its effectiveness in political manipulation. There are instances whereby the writer has the meaning and instead chooses to conceal it or distort its meaning at the expense of the reader in order to manipulate him/ her in a way or another (Taylor 35). The paper describes and analyzes some of the tricks such as operators or verbal false limbs, pretentious diction and the use of meaningless words that writers use in political writing with the intention of getting their impact in the English language. Operators or verbal false limbs Operators and verbal false limbs is a very common characteristic of modern writing in which writers choose to use some phrases rather than just pick the exact nouns or verbs in their writing. A good example is the use of phrases such as those given by Orwell that include; render inoperative, militate against, make contact with, be subjected to, give rise to, give grounds for, have the effect of, play a leading part (role) in, make itself felt, take effect, exhibit a tendency to, and serve the purpose of, among others (Orwell 147). These phrases can otherwise be substituted with simple nouns and verbs. In political writing, these alterations alter the meanings as attributed to the time of publishing the essay. At that time, Britain was still recovering from the hangovers of war and the politicians needed to alter the language to be able to manipulate the citizen’s understanding of the political context (Hammond 50). This trend is alive to this day considering the many alterations introduced to the English language by politicians to the extent of completely obscuring the original words once used. Language has the ability of masking the truth and misleading the public. In recent political speeches, politicians use such phrases to hide the real intentions and meanings through provoking controversy and later denying what they really meant in their speech. For instance, when delivering a speech to a group of supporters, a certain politician recently used the phrase “set on fire” (Lewis 23). The real intentions of the politicians are not clear as the supporters went on to set fire on a building that harbored a group of opponents. When linked later to the killings the politician defended himself as having only meant that the supporters to
Human interaction is a diversified form of communication that uses media technologies, social frameworks, abstracts, and other non-human environments. According to Dourish (2004), the world is experiencing a shift from the traditional interaction models to advanced technologies that extend the human imaginations and creativity beyond the boundaries of their anatomy. In fact, the social dimensions of communications are being derived from innovative technologies that are providing companionship while solving some of the entrenched human problems. Some of these technologies are robotics, holograms, hololens, and augmented reality devices (Hempel 2015). The research focuses on the influence of the new interfaces and the changing forms of interactions in changing human engagements and communication. According to Bertelsen (2011), the social aspects of media influence the sustainability of communication. Additionally, the concepts of embodied and extended minds portray the vast dimensions of the human capacity to improve and establish innovative platforms of communication. Virtual reality is one of the expanding fields that focus on actualising the human thoughts and imaginations. The traditional communication platforms did not provide users with the necessary social attributes. In fact, Dourish (2004) observed that the interaction principles evolved in four stages. The first devices used electrical signals, which evolved into symbolic patches. The symbolic interactions changed to textual formats and revolutionised the transfer of messages from one agent to another. The advancement of augmented and virtual reality has led to the introduction of 3D interfaces that enhance the social attributes necessary for any interaction. The 3D interfaces represent the improvements done on the 2D graphical representations that define most of the modern communication devices. The virtual reality technologies create 3D impressions that allow users to immerse into space. In fact, the technologies, which comprise headsets and visual aids, create perfect 3D impressions that allow users to transverse the artificial settings of video games and movies. Additionally, holograms have been advanced to create virtual representations of objects in three dimensions. In fact, an advanced version has led to the creation of an augmented reality that allows users to interact with digital contents that are overlaid onto the surroundings (Poole 2014). The concept has revolutionised the process and experiences of working with digital devices. According to Bergbreiter (2014), robots are some of the most advanced interaction devices. In fact, the researcher considered the robots some of the best and closest human associates because of their ability to apply artificial intelligence, which enhances their emotional capacities. In fact, robots are taking integral roles in human lives. Some of the sectors using robotics are the military, research and development institutions, NASA, and healthcare institutions. The robots are programmed with self-learning attributes that make it possible to reason, assess situations and make
Summary There have been many studies conducted to highlight the factors that may enhance the quality of life for people to enable them to live longer. Most of the findings are purely hypothetical, and they have worked for a few people. The validation of the findings is yet to be actualized, but people should take the advice of some of the people that have lived healthy lives past 70 years. One of the factors that have come out as an integral part of living through to 100 is having a stable financial background after retirement. This strategy calls for people to start saving their monthly salaries in preparation for retirement. The cost of living in the modern world is quite high, and people need higher rates of savings to live comfortably after retirement (Palmer, 2012). Adopting a vegetarian lifestyle has been cited as one of the healthy ways to live. It is also possible to change the diet to foods that pose limited risks to the development of lifestyle diseases (Heidenreich, 2014). These foods are readily available, but most people ignore their importance in leading a healthy life. Happiness is a function of living a comfortable life where material possessions are not valued. This sentiment has been raised by many people that are living a healthy, happy life many years after their retirement. For instance, most retired people that live long, are actively involved in community projects, whereby they help other people in society. The satisfaction associated with becoming advocates of humanitarian courses seems to reduce stress and enhance the quality of life. Other people find happiness in taking vacations with their spouses and having fun with their grandchildren. It is, therefore, important for individuals to identify with the activities that make them happy, and they should strive to pursue the same after retirement (Palmer, 2012). Reflection The stress associated with financial constraints after retirement is highlighted as a major cause of living a short life. I intend to start saving for my retirement on a monthly basis to ensure I live comfortably. Modern society seems to be impervious to the need to live a healthy life. Many people eat unhealthy foods, and they fail to exercise regularly. For instance, in my social circle, I have several friends that are obese, and they have adamantly refused to change their lifestyles. It is apparent that a healthy lifestyle is a requirement to live a longer life. Most of the people that have lived a healthy life past 70 years report having adopted healthy diets and regularly exercising from an early age. It is difficult to emulate their lifestyle
Business environment The business environment includes all factors that directly or indirectly affect the launching and performance of a particular business. It implies human resources, government, legislation, corporate culture and mission establishment. Moreover, there are external and internal business environments, each of which has its own characteristics. The external environment includes all external aspects that affect the business and in turn, has micro- and macro-factors. The micro-factors include customers, suppliers, investors, intermediaries, employees and other items directly affecting the business. Macro-aspects are formulated by items that have an indirect impact on the company, such as legal, social, cultural, or political facets. External and internal business environments Speaking about external and internal business environments in more detail, one can distinguish separate types. The four internal business environments include core mission and goals, corporate culture, human resources, and technology capabilities. The mission and goals are important aspects as it formulates motivation and a plan of action, and the corporate culture is a factor of discipline. Human resources directly affect the efficiency of work, and technological capabilities determine the degree of activity and efficiency of performance. The external four business environments include such essential items as customers that directly affect profits. Further, the government creates a legal and social climate for business, and the country’s economy determines financial opportunities. Finally, competitiveness refers to the degree of freedom of action or the need for development. Market segmentation Market segmentation allows one to more efficiently allocate business resources, such as marketing, finance, and production. This process involves dividing consumers, both current and potential, into separate groups. These customer groups are created depending on similar preferences, habits, hobbies, and other information about customers. Market segmentation is one of the most important marketing tasks because it promotes efficient production separation. An example would be the division of soda into sugar and sugar-free items. Depending on preferences in a certain territory, production will be adjusted to the optimal balance, which will help to avoid unsold products. Types of market segmentation There are four most important types of market segmentation. Geographic segmentation involves dividing an area into specific geographic units. It is formulated by region, state, city, district, neighborhood, and others, depending on the country and geographical features. Further, demographic segmentation provides division under such lines as gender, age, family size, type of employment, nationality, religion, and education. Psychographic segmentation involves taking into account the personality, interests, lifestyle, and values ​​of the client. Finally, operational segmentation determines the volume of goods required, technology, and customer status. SWOT analysis SWOT analysis is a s
Introduction Relationships are extremely important in the life of different individuals and in the pursuit of ideal relationships many couples end up getting married. However, most couples end not getting married and choose to cohabit. Cohabitation has been regarded problematic by many in the society, but I do not agree with their assessment. Overview Cohabitation is a common practice among different societies in the world that has transcended time and age. A philosopher by name of Warren defines marriage from different viewpoints while opposing polygamy, incest and gay marriages. Warren talks of modern marriages as being a notion and that they cannot be counted as marriages. According to Warren, he believes in marriage as being between one woman and one man. This is a fallacy based on believe of marriage as being a relationship between one and woman. The fallacy is based on his appeal to tradition; this assertion is not true because different communities had dissimilar forms of marriage [1] . Although Warren admits that a marriage is between one and one woman, he does not agree to the definition of a commitment between an old person and a young girl as marriage. Warren compares and groups incestuous, polygamy and gay marriages into one category; this is a fallacy since all these marriage are not similar in qualities [2] . Warren does not give evidence on the similarities of same-sex marriages and incest. He only argues that same sex marriages are appalling since it could only resemble incest. Polygamy has been practiced for centuries by the Islam religion that recognizes these practices. It would not be true to conclude that polygamy is the same as incest or pedophilia since all of them are different in the number of people involved in the marriage [3] . The biggest fallacy in Warren’s definition of marriage is the fact that in traditional marriages men has more power and influence compared to women. In modern marriages, men and women have equal roles and women are not subservient to men as in the traditional marriage setup. In my own assessment cohabitation is not dangerous since the practice resembles marriage. In the past before marriages were fully accepted and integrated in the society cohabitation was widely accepted form of lasting relationships. The acceptance of cohabitation has been due to various factors including lack of trust in marriages [4] . Many married couples face problems such as mistrust, disagreements and lack of love. These problems are also experienced among cohabiting couples and thus it would be prudent to conclude that they are the same. A cohabitation relationship is loosely held since it is not recognized by law or religion. According to modern law, couples in a cohabitation relationship of over three years are deemed as being legally married. Cohabitation is not dangerous based on the fact that separation is simple, unlike marriages whereby couples undergo painful divorces; cohabitation is not mired with same problems [5] . Conclusion Many people have different notions and
Ruth M. Kleinpell and Robert Grabenkort, the authors of the article under consideration, tell that nursing practitioners and physician assistants play a very important role in the intensive care unit, however, their participation is still not well known to the public. This is why the authors aim at indentifying and using different literature sources concerning advanced practitioners in acute care settings by means of nonquantitative methods. One more purpose of this article was to describe possible implications for future critical care practice and improve nursing care within different critical care settings. In order to conduct this very research, the authors reviewed more than 145 articles and used PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature database, and some other services. The searching were limited from 1996 to 2007. Such terms like nurse practitioners, physician assistants, acute care nurse practitioner, intensive and critical care, and midlevel provider were combined in order to find out the necessary information, reliable articles, and other appropriate sources. The major point is that sources published not on English were excluded because abstracts and studies were not published. 31 research studies mostly focused on the role of both nurse practitioners and physician assistants in the care of critically ill patients. To be more exactly, 5 sources were devoted to physician assistance care; 20 sources are all about nursing practitioner care only; and 6 sources presented reliable information about NP and PA, their cooperation, and common impact on care of ill patients. All information was classified according to such categories as education, narrative interviews, and research studies. The vast majority of the sources found concentrated on “the impact of care on patient care management.” (Kleinpell and Grabenkort, 2008). The included studies were sufficiently valid for the topic under consideration. The idea of nurse practitioners and physician assistants’ care, their role and influence into the
Nowadays China plays one of the most important roles in the global economy. In the short time since the middle of the 20 th century, economic growth increased rapidly due to industrialization. Despite the profitableness caused by the development, the wealth is still available only for a small number of people, and the majority of the Chinese population cannot afford such ordinary things as education and medical care. These facts depict that Chinese development has an ambivalent nature, and it proves that the present-day political policies have many issues that need to be resolved. “Poverty and Wealth in Postsocialist China” describes how the Communist policy that was implemented in the 20 th century caused the emergence of social inequality. Together with the economic growth that was achieved by industrialization, the country faced great poverty increase. The fast-moving development can be explained by “the interaction between institutional practices of the socialist decades and deep engagement with the market rules of global production” (“Poverty and Wealth in Postsocialist China” 4). Industrialization and privatization were crucial for the economic evolvement and creation of the social divide in the country. For example, in the middle of the 20 th century rural farmers in China were “denied the opportunity to leave farming for industrial work”, they also “were necessarily condemned to the lowest income strata” (“Poverty and Wealth in Postsocialist China” 8). Rural migrants face discrimination in the cities when they move there in search of work. The inequality also affected women, who are usually paid less. The most significant issue caused by privatization became the inaccessibility of medical services and education. Francis Fukuyama and Zhang Weiwei in their dialogue discuss the problems in the governmental policies that require improvements. One of the biggest issues is the increase in population. The industrialization makes people from the countryside move to the cities in search of the profit. Fukuyama notices that it can cause challenges in the future, and he claims that economic growth “will slow in the next generation” (“The China Model” par. 78). In his turn, Weiwei claims that the modern policies have problems that are recognized by society and government, but still, China has its own way of development, which is based on a “holistic tradition” (“The China Model” par. 46). The social and political reforms that took place in China in the recent past were fruitful regarding the economy. Nevertheless, the government now encounters the problems of inequality and poverty. The current problems make it clear that the government needs to pay more attention to public opinion and need to change the developmental models that would be more beneficial for the majority of the citizens. Works Cited “Poverty and Wealth in Postsocialist China: An Overview.” Studies in Social Inequality: Creating Wealth and Poverty in Postsocialist China . Ed. Davis, Deborah and Feng Wang. Stanf
This report targets the description of a life path of an outstanding American journalist and educator, who occupies a post of the Chief Officer of the U.S. Math and Science Initiative. The selection of a person was made on the basis of the journalist’s achievements and honors. As a future media specialist, I am deeply inspired by the activist’s motivation and leadership, which she continuously evinced through her career performances. Specifically, I am impressed by her ethnic integration. The journalist is known as one of the leading Hispanics in the USA. Background and Career Start As a Hispanic person, the educator and reformist considered ethnic prejudice eradication to be her task from the early childhood. The activist was born in Texas. The woman has always been interested in media development as well as the U.S. education. Thus, she chose journalism as her future occupation and, subsequently, was conferred a Bachelor’s degree in the field at the University of Texas. Throughout her study, the journalist started working on the research study that focused on the e