ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Lifeboat ethics dictate that the common good must prevail. The current high school curriculum is modeled to suit the majority of students. This does not always suit everyone. The result is that students are not able to apply the skills that they learned in real life. A cause for this may be the lack of relevance of the curriculum to daily life. Another reason may be the fact that the person does not remember the lessons learned in high school. A good high school curriculum must be relevant to the current institutional and real-life events. (Rose & Betts, 18) This will put a student in a position that will enable him to survive and thrive in today’s society. Curriculum Discussion High school is an important stage in the education process. The process of education includes learning and practical activity. The two are very important since they enable the acquisition and application of knowledge in real-life situations. Lifeboat ethics dictate that the common good must prevail. It displays the situation of a lifeboat with fifty persons on board. The lifeboat can hold sixty persons. There are one hundred people in the water. The people in the boat must then decide how many people they will allow onto the boat. They cannot carry everyone since the lifeboat will collapse and everyone will drown. The people on the boat must choose the criteria that will decide who will be allowed on the lifeboat. They will most likely choose people who will not reduce their chances of survival. (Rose & Betts, 35) This can be compared to the current curriculum. This high school curriculum teaches topics that are suited to the general population. This
Background According to the elite, securitization as a concept came from a Danish professor, ole Waever. According to him, the concept of securitization is something which doesn’t exist in materialism, but subjectively exists solidly in people’s minds. Security threats can be categorised into two groups. The first group is the high security threats, which really need military action, for example, terrorism. The second one is low security threats that ordinarily need no military actions, for example; natural th
What Does the Rights Violation Imply? Because the modern world is full of misconceptions and rights violations, people need certain legal protection. Unfortunately, the most widespread type of violating people’s rights is improperly treating the employees. Despite the labor code and all the responsibilities which such crime drags, numerous companies are continuously swindling on the people. The Justice as It Is. According to the so-called declaration of the military men’s rights, that is, the Uniform Code of Military Justice, every single man in the army or the navy has certain inalienable rights and, certainly, responsibilities. Thus, it is extremely important to know the rights which a military man possesses. It is quite clear that accidents can happen and no one can feel secure from his or her rights violation. However, the Military Code provides quite sufficient immunity from all kinds of criminals. Due to the detailed instructions on what the rights and freedoms of military men are, it is possible to detect th
Current Economic Problems and the 4th Industrial Revolution The 4th Industrial Revolution is the digital revolution that builds upon the third and is characterized by the assimilation of technologies that distort the barriers between digital, physical, and biological spheres of human life. The wide scope, the impact of emerging systems, and the velocity at which changes occur are the most distinct characteristics of the 4th Industrial Revolution. The speed at which discoveries and breakthroughs are happening is unprecedented, and the influence is so large that it affects almost every existing industry. It is possible that the Revolution raises global income levels and improves the overall quality of life in countries around the world, thus resolving many challenges that the global society faces today. Despite the opportunities, current economic problems show the challenges that the 4th Industrial Revolution faces. For example, the unequal distribution of power and monetary resources that is prevalent in the world economy today may get even worse since the Revolution can disrupt labor markets and substitute human labor for automation. Also, the rising gap in wealth distribution may get even more significant because the largest innovation beneficiaries are shareholders, inventors, and investors. With the growing coverage of technologies, the high-incom
The question of gender is actively discussed in relation to sport with references to providing the equal opportunities for female athletes. According to Title IX, any discrimination regarding the sex or gender issues is prohibited (Thornton, 2010). The Title IX Decision against the Quinnipiac University of 2010 became one of the most controversial cases associated with the question. It was stated that the Quinnipiac University intended to eliminate the women’s varsity volleyball team because of the lack of funding and to develop a competitive cheerleading team instead. The volleyball team’s players and their coach insisted on trying the case in court because of violating Title IX in relation to providing the equal opportunities for university athletes. According to the injunction provided by the Judge Stefan Underhill, the volleyball team was allowed to continue the activities during the next season when the development of the competitive cheerleading team could not be discussed as the alternative to the female sport team to meet the Title IX requirements. To evaluate the effectiveness of Underhill’s decision, it is necessary to pay attention to the details of the case. The volleyball team of the Quinnipiac University and the team’s coach accentuated that the plan to eliminate the team violates Title IX because the proportion of the male and female athletes would be defied. From this point, it is possible to speak about the direct violation of Title IX in relation to providing the equal opportunities for male and female athletes. Underhill stated that the fact of discriminating female athletes’ rights was presented, and the Quinnipiac University was obliged to provide the opportunities for the team to perform during the next season ( The Quinnipiac University Case, 2010). Thus, the legal strength of the argument was accentuated, and the team could be discussed as winning the case. However, there are two visions of the decision. On the one hand, the rights and interests of the women’s varsity volleyball team were met, and the fact of discrimination was stated. On the other hand, the team was allowed to perform only during the 2010-2011 season, and the question was discussed again in 2012. Thus, the decision provided by the judge lacked some details. Furthermore, Underhill concentrated on the fact that it was impossible to refer to the cheerleading team as the competitive team and to discuss that team as the alternative to the volleyball team to meet the Title IX requirements. The decision provided by Underhill was rather effective while discussing the cheerleading team as inappropriate alternative to the female volleyball team. Nevertheless, the controversy was associated with the fact that Underhill focused on the standards of the competitive sport teams and judged about the relevance of the standards and cheerleading team’s features to discuss it as the sport team. Underhill supported the decision in relation to the definition of the varsity spo
Many drugs have been used for medical purposes at one time or another. Pick two drugs that have been utilized in this capacity and explain the medical rationale behind their use. Conclude your answer with a description of why each drug was later banned from medical usage. Drugs are chemical compounds comprising substances that alter the normal body functioning. Some boost the response while others dull the user’s mind. Drug use can lead to a couple of dangerous choices, because the one using the drug usually has a poor lack of judgment when called upon to make a decision while under the influence of the drug. Drug usage is a characteristic expression of inner dissatisfaction leading to an urge that drives many users to continue abusing them, whenever the feeling comes back to them. They numb their senses to avoid coming to terms with the reality of the situation at hand, but fail to realize that drug use is not a solution but another addictive habit with no ultimate achievement (Schwartz, 2000). Some of the banned medical drugs include Nimesulide suspension and Cisapride which is a gastroprokinetic agent. These formulations have been banned by the FDA in their production, distribution and use due to the detrimental effects they have on human health as documented (WHO, 2007). Nimesulide suspension was being applied as an anti-inflammatory agent has been banned in U.S and in a hundred and sixty eight more nations. Nimesulide suspension was administered routinely to manage fever as well as pain in young ones and callously used as an anti-inflammatory agent. The drug has been known to cause irreversible damage to the liver and is hence replaced by alternatives such as Paracetamol which is suggested to replace Nimesulide by the World Health Organization (WHO) to manage fever or ibuprofen could be administered if paracetamol is unavailable (WHO, 2007). Cisapride on the other hand was known to cause intestinal motility, which could result to spasm as well as intestinal paralysis and could by extension led to cardiac arrhythmias such as ventricular tachycardia , QT continuation as well as Ventricular Fibrillation . In.some cases, the stocks of these banned drugs arte still in circulation and in some instances may be prescribed. However, the public should be made aware of such drugs and resist using them or report their prescription top the FDA to take stern action (WHO, 2007). What are the two basic ways of looking at drugs? Be sure to note both consistency and differences between medical families of drugs and legal schedules. They can be categorized into two different groups, or types, depending on their usage and purpose: Medicated Medical drugs are prescribed after a visit to a professional physician. They are given pharmaceutical drugs, which come with a dosage plan that should be followed strictly as directed b
Building Trust During palliative care, the nurse ought to establish trust to enhance a successful therapeutic relationship with the patient (Kozier & Erb, 2012). The nurse could establish trust in the therapeutic relationship with Josie through four ways. At the outset, the nurse ought to comprehend the current patient’s needs. In this case, Josie carries the responsibility of caring for the extended family’s health needs. As such, Marguerite ought to understand the various challenges that Josie is currently experiencing and the role conflict that is apparent in her career. The nurse should be approachable and able to guide Josie on ways that she can provide care for the outpatients. Second, the nurse should be able to exhibit both attitudes and actions that imply that she cares about the tribulations and challenges that Josie is experiencing. It is imperative to understand that Josie will welcome a palliative care nurse into her household with the belief that they care about the patients (Leininger & McFarland, 2002). Further, the nurse should be able to provide holistic care to the family members of Josie. In so doing, the nurse will have addressed the cultural and ethnic backgrounds of the patients and achieve cultural congruency (Kozier & Erb, 2012). It will therefore be easy for Marguerite to build trust with Josie when she adopts an approach that considers all aspects of the patients as well as those of their immediate family members. Finally, the nurse should be able to act as an advocate for both the patients and Josie. Trust is built overtime and the continued connected relationship with the patients is a way to win trust with Josie. Culturally Congruent Care Culturally congruent care is important in palliative care as it provides the nurse with a multidimensional perspective through which they can establish a relationship with the patients. For this case study, the nurse is Haitian and so are the elderly Josie’s parents. Besides, working in an American context could as well be an important factor in provision of care to Marie and Jack. As such, the knowledge of cultural diversity will provide a positive effect and enhance holistic well being of the patients. In addition, it will provide important insights for establishing a client centered relationship. Knowledge of all the cultural dimensions of her patients assists the nurse to design a particular lifestyle that will result to successful therapy and for a specific patient (Kozier & Erb, 2012). This is critical in enhancing the nurse’s ability to incorporate her diverse knowledge with actions that aim at meeting the objectives of palliative care. In this type of care, all the actions that Marguerite will undertake are centered on the best interests of the patients. Besides, culturally congruent care dictates that both the patient and the nurse should participate proactively in designing, planning, implementing and evaluating the specific mode of providing care to the pa
Introduction The shifting technological trends, heightened expectations for accountability, integration, faculty renewal, and the continuing development of the scholarship of teaching have ushered a cloud of change that challenges the traditional values and practices of academic communities. Margaret J. W (1994). The central dynamism underlying this enormous context prompts faculty developers who enhance the facilitation of institutional problem solving and change. To become more systematic in applying effective leadership principles in the complex task of leading through faculty development, it should be integrated to conceptualize leadership as an inherent role in faculty development practice. According to Michael F (1999) leadership perspective is built on the processes, which are integrated to frame effective teaching; personal identity and integrity, knowing in the community, teaching in the community, and learning in the community. Situational Leadership Situational leadership is an important precept of contemporary management. This model is widely adopted in educational management and it appears to have achieved no attention in the teaching profession. Computer searches have turned up only nonessential references to Margaret J. W (1994) in pedagogical research. My indebtedness to McNeil, J.D. (1985). is profound; their concepts and their terminology shape this model. The idea of evolution from enslavement to self-direction is not exclusive to Situational headship. A movement of that kind is often reputed to be part of burgeoning into maturity Michael F (1999) charted life as a series of stages that have the same predisposition. The influential commentary on how leaders can lend a hand to this sequence is Michael F’s (1999) explanation of a leadership gamut, which predisposed the Situational Leadership model and is reflected in numerous articles in fully developed education. For example, Margaret J. W (1994) uses Wraga, F.N (2004) model, and McNeil, J.D. (1985) employs some of their terminologies to investigate the roles teachers should take with students who have contradictory degrees of self-direction. Situational leadership is widely embraced among managers in business and education, but studies of its effectiveness are inconclusive and with critics and contributors. Margaret J. W (1994).Contents that the model is subject to deep-seated flaws, but like several other critics, it enhances an only slightly revised version of Situational leadership to replace it. Blake and Margaret J. W (1994). Champions a team approach as a way to maximize efficiency and individual development, acclaiming, in effect, that there is a single best
Introduction Engineering is referred to as a profession because people who practice activities related to engineering have specialized knowledge and skills. However, engineers do not have the full responsibilities to control the engineering activities since they do not need to have a license to do this. As a result of this, the need for engineering activities to be regulated by certain ethical standards is a major issue of concern in modern days. However, only licensed engineers have a code of ethics that governs them, in this case, the codes of ethics are compulsory. There are other groups of engineers whose activities are controlled by their employees and whose autonomy in this case is limited, such engineers are those who work for large organizations (Harris, Pritchard and Rabins, p. 6). Thesis statement The engineering codes define the major goal of an engineer as being responsible for the safety, health, and general welfare of the public. As professionals, engineers have the moral obligation to do what is necessary to ensure that this profession takes into account the required standards of health and safety for the public. Engineers who fail to consider the health, safety, and welfare of the public in their work are answerable to their employers who give them the tasks to undertake such projects. This paper will focus on the ethical issues that engineers should focus on in the course of their duty. The paper will use three cases to illustrate the ethical considerations by engineers and for each example, the best decision or action will be mentioned. Discussion Case 5: Cartex This case is Ben who was assigned the task of improving an ultrasonic range finding device by his employer, Cartex. During the task, Ben realized that he could modify the equipment so as it could apply to military submarines. Ben further found out that if this idea would work, it would have big returns to his company in terms of the amount of money earned. However, Ben’s mind did not wish to make any contribution to a task that would develop military hardware. As a result of this position, Ben did not develop this idea on his own and neither told any of the employees of the company. According to the contract, Ben signed with his employer, any intervention that he produced while working was the product of the company. This contract was not well accepted by Ben due to some reasons; the idea he had was not developed and because his employer knew that he had anti-military sentiments. According to Ben, the ethical issue of concern was whether it was worth concealing his idea from his e
Today the public often discusses the questions of personal freedom, equality of opportunities, and possible limitations and securities provided by the government according to these issues. However, the currency and significance of these questions is not surprising because they reflect the main principles on which the American society and state are based. Thus, these principles are known as the founding principles of America which originate from the Declaration of Independence. The principles of personal and political liberty, legal equality and separation of powers determine all the aspects of social and political life of the American nation, and they are absolutely significant for the country’s further growth. Moreover, their importance is proved by the history of the country’s development. To understand the meaning of the founding principles for the Americans as citizens and for the whole society, it is necessary to provide the proper analysis of them from the historical perspective and with references to the present days. When Americans speak about the main aspects of the development of their society as the democratic one, they accentuate the basic principle of personal and political freedom. The notion of freedom or liberty can be considered as the foundation for the American society because it was stated in the Declaration of Independence along with the other rights provided by God and that is why they can be discussed as absolute ones, “all men are created equal, … they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness” (Jefferson, 2008). Nevertheless, there is the controversy in the understanding of the question of personal liberty by the public. If the liberty is given by God, who can control and limit it? Thus, in modern society the question of liberty should be closely connected with the moral issues. The Law is strict according to the breaks of the other people’s liberty. That is why it is possible to say that the person’s liberty is limited by the moral and legal norms when it prevents other people from realizing their own liberties (Rauchut, 2008). In their work on the peculiarities of the founding principles in America, West and Jeffrey are rather strict in the interpretation of the idea presented in the Declaration, but their consideration offers the fairest vision of the principle, “no one human or class of humans is superior to another human or class of humans in the way that all humans, since they are rational creatures, are superior to dumb beasts” (West & Jeffrey, 2008). From this point, the principle of liberty is associated with the principle of legal equality. Thus, all the people are equal in front of the Law, and they should follow equal and legal norms and rules. However, what is about their equality of opportunities? There were many debates on the aspects of this principle which originates from the statement in the Declaration about the equality of all the people and which is supported by the human rights and laws. Do the Americans really have equal opportunities t