ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction General Motors Company (GM) is one of “the leading vehicle manufacturers and marketers in the globe” ( General Motors , 2015, para. 2). The company produces unique brands such as Cadillac, Jie Fang, Chevrolet, Opel, and Holden. The company markets its vehicles in Europe, North America, South America, Asia, and Africa. The company has adopted powerful strategies in order to emerge successful. The “current GM has been operating since 2009 after the old company became bankrupt” ( General Motors , 2015, para. 3). The company employs thousands of workers and technicians from different parts of the globe. The leaders at the company focus on the best practices and initiatives in order to achieve the best goals. According to many experts, GM has remained profitable because of its unrivaled production methods ( General Motors , 2015). General Motors Company can use appropriate training programs, organizational practices, and mentorship initiatives to tackle specific challenges such as role conflicts, communication problems, lack of cohesiveness, and excessive intergroup disagreements. How Different Problems Can Affect FM’s Group Productivity Shin and Park (2012) believe that teamwork is one of the best concepts towards improving a firm’s performance. General Motors Company employs many workers from almost every corner of the globe. This practice has been relevant towards promoting the company’s business objectives. The company employs competent and skilled workers who can support every targeted goal. This strategy explains “why GM remains a leading player in the world’s automobile industry” (Palmer & Kawakami, 2014, p. 8). However, recent studies have identified numerous problems that can affect GM’s performance. Some teams and groups in the company have been facing various problems. The existence of such challenges can make it impossible for GM to remain a pacesetter in the industry. Role Conflicts The first major problem “affecting many workforces is role-conflict within groups” (Palmer & Kawakami, 2014, p. 11). This problem can significantly affect the productivity of different groups. Some managers can put much pressure on their workers. For example, a specific employee can be forced to complet
Introduction of the Concept of Wiki A wiki is a website that runs on wiki software that offers a simple mark-up language editing functionality or to as what-you-see-is-what-you-get (WYSIWYG) (Wikipedia, n.d.). Wiki is a collection of webpages that are interlinked and are editable by a person viewing the webpage. Wikis serve as the humblest content management systems that allow collaborative work. As a content management system, the wiki software provides a template for the layout of each page that make up the wiki (Brian, n.d.). How do Wikis Allow Users to Place Content on the Web The simplicity of a wiki lies in the what-you-see-is-what-you-get (WYSIWYG) mark-up language that allows anybody with or without the knowledge of computer programing language and with a basic literacy of computers and the internet to edit a page or create a new page on the wiki. Editing and creation of new pages occurs in real time and changes are noticeable immediately on the wiki. The real-time feature and ease of editing makes wikis great collaboration tools. The wiki software that manages how content appears on the wiki offers a rigid input structure that ensures all content added to the wiki appear in the same manner on the whole wiki. A person editing the wiki can only type in, insert hyperlinks and to some extent can upload facility for multimedia content is availed. People who wish to edit wikis need to log into the site (Brian, n.d.). Wide Range of Topics found on Wikipedia Wikipedia is currently the most popular wiki in the world. It offers about eight million pages that have been interlinked and are editable by anyone who can access the wiki. According to Wikipedia (n.d.), the site offers 18 million articles that are a product of voluntary collaboration. The English version of the wiki has over 3.6 million articles. As of 2008, Wikipedia had covered the following subjects: culture and the arts, biographies and persons, geography and places, society and social sciences, history and events, natural and the physical sciences, technology and the applied sciences, religions and belief systems, health, mathematics and logic, thought and philosophy (Wikipedia, n.d.). Use of Wiki as Training or Learning tool The collaborative nature of wiki makes it more of a way of working rather than a tool because the density of the collaboration defines the wiki. Wikis offer subject specific repositories and provide a real opportunity for increasing knowledge distribution on a given topic because of the wiki’s ease of deployment across the internet (Smith, n.d.) There are several approaches of using wikis in the teaching or learning process. The most common is the cooperative or collaborative paradigm where students form heterogeneous groups that maintain and facilitate individual le
The history of each country presents a long chain of events that determine and influence its further development. The most noticeable changes in the fate of a country occur when the government decides to switch to another economic system. Canada belongs to the number of countries that performed the transition to capitalism in the nineteenth century but there is still a variety of open questions concerning the topic. The development of capitalism in Canada remains a very interesting research issue for those who find it to be able to shed light on many problems that we face in the modern world. There is no doubt that not all the researchers are of the same mind when it comes to the causes and the effects of development of the capitalistic society. Nevertheless, I believe it
In general, a leader needs to have a vision which he attempts to achieve through strategy. The example of Antonio Pierce vividly portrays that he is a great leader who is able to motivate and inspire other team players. In football, environments have a great impact on both and the external forces often determine the course of action. It is the role of the leader to overcome adversities in order to achieve his goals. For this Antonio, Pierce is a team man first and charismatic second to take the team to a different level of performance and results. Leadership is normally associated with either business or politics as they appear to be highly dynamic situations hence are always in limelight. However, leadership has a great role to play in the field of football as these institutions of learning are the foundations on which the careers of these business persons and those with political aspirations are built. In view of the fast-changing developments in business and politics as well as the integration of communities worldwide, there is a need to review the educational systems that are aimed to prepare a better product for its consumer; the student. The role of Antonio Pierce assumes importance but poses problems of overburden and focus that need to be resolved (Antonio Pierce. NY Giants 2010). Antonio Pierce is a highly motivated person able to accept the strategic decision in a short period of time. As the leader Antonio Pierce is knowledgeable enough to lay down policy as well as the implementation process. This is not subject to questioning. Plain obedience is the order of the day. Under this system, the subordinate is rewarded for compliance with the leader’s wishes. They strongly believe in Team Approach and actively encourage it down the line. The system also recognizes the importance of a positive leader-follower connection as it relates to a more productive work environment and contentment Invariably as a consequence the Leader listens to followers, showing empathy toward them, creates a peaceful, healing environment, community building, and growth. In between the two, there are several variations but they all fail miserably today as the present workforce in commercial organizations and the faculty in educational ones is both more knowledgeable as well as diversified. Since this paper is devoted to the leadership role in educational organizations the concentration will hence be oriented towards this aspect. Enhanced and practical knowledge is the need of the hour. The faculty needs to be motivated to achieve targets. The earlier intrinsic/extrinsic motivation is not enough as educational institutions need to be more than knowledge dissemination centers. There is a greater need for this awareness at the higher level and this suggests that the leadership should be aware and conscious of the aspirations of their students who will be the workers, managers, and leaders of the future. The
Catatech Industries focuses on providing electric measuring tools to both local and international market. Jose Fernandez founded Catatech in 1911 based on meeting their set targets or numbers. Markedly, the company’s key objective was to maximize on returns to realize high profit on sales irrespective of the management style within the firm. Since the company’s management is a lineage one, it has maintained a conservative culture in its operations. Moreover, the firm is in business to offer quality services and products to the final users: customers. The inclusion of former electricians and professionals among sales representatives at all times attests to the urgent need for quality-service provision. In essence, the sales personnel commanded vast knowledge on the Catatech products. Catatech Industries also intended to dominate the global market with its products. Its international expansion relied primarily on local acquisitions or takeovers, which were small. Notably, the company’s need for international presence had faced numerous challenges over the years since it had not adopted modern technology in promoting and selling its products. The company relied on the philosophy of profit maximization, but was slow to accept changes in the business world. Additionally, Catatech Industries has tried to accomplish the use of technology under Marisa Riviera as the CIO. According to Marisa, upgrading electronic commerce was a necessity; however, it was destined to attract negatives receptions from the longtime conservative CEO and the entire community that had appreciated his roles at the helm of the company. For instance, the implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) led to production of better products and cost reduction in overall operations. The package integrated all functions and departments within Catatech Industries into a single component of a computer system that was able to serve needs of all the departments. Evidently, the company worked towards cost cutting techniques by employing the use of ERP single unified software, which enabled all departments to process customers’ orders at once. Essentially, outcome-based objectives alter the attitude, perceptions, understanding, behaviors, and opinions of consumers (Pearlson & Saunders, 2013). From this aspect, it is possible to determine whether the company had reached its objectives or not. After making numerous ratifications in the services of the company, Catatech recorded increased customer purchases, especially in 1998 where it had revenues of close to $2 billion. Carlos also ensured that they customized their products to meet the needs of the local market. The company’s measure of outcome relies on setting measurable objectives that are time bound, achievable, realistic, and specific (Pearlson & Saunders, 2013). When objectives are clear and measurable, key stakeholders will build credibility for the value of communication hence resulting to understandable outcomes and outputs. Evidently, the whole process starts with alignment of marketing objectives that are communicable to gauge their contributions and demonstrations of the leadership team. Catatech’s
Introduction Many authors observe that intuition could be challenging or expressly hard to define, though it performs a vital role in our daily lives (Maxwell, 2003). Steve Jobs had at one time referred to it as a more powerful ingredient in decision-making than the intellect. For whatever the case, our intuition is always with us in all that we do and it informs our decision in many ways. These machinations, therefore, point to intuition as having the capacity to obtain knowledge without necessarily having a reason to do so. Intuition, according to Davis and Davis (2003) is from Latin word, intueri, whose English equivalence is to see . Psychologists offer that intuition has a lot to do with the inner perception of the individual, and often regarded within the psychology study as factual rationality (Davis & Davis 2003). Intuition as an area of study is diverse and rich in meaning. Again, Ghuman (2011) opines that all that pertains to intuition may shape decision-making in very many ways. In the concept of decision-making, intuition provides the platform on which to view, understand, conceptualize, and offer judgments based on what we may not empirically verify in rational sense. Because of this fact, intuition cannot be subject to psychological scholarship alone (Scott-Ladd & Chan, 2004). Intuition is largely a study of interest in various domains such as religion, commerce, law, literature, medicine, military and much more. Moreover, intuition has deep roots in creative abilities and researches opine that intuition has deep association with decision-making. However, it is no doubt that good corporate leaders often employ intuitive abilities and not necessarily logic to help them in making decisions. What promotes or prevents a leader from using intuition Some of the inspirations for using intuitive instincts in leadership are because of its efficacy in helping in making tough decisions. Bill Gates in his popular assertions suggested that leaders often have to depend on intuitive to make independent and rational decisions (Stein & Book, 2011). While the conditions under which leaders function may limit or even impede the application of coherent analysis, intuition is, nonetheless, the norm for decision-making by leaders in many organizations. The awareness and application of intuition by leaders continues to advance research on intuition to authenticate its efficacy in leadership (Ghuman, 2011). However, some people consider intuition to be the antithesis of rat
Introduction Starting up a new product is taking a risk; however if the decision is well thought there are numerous benefits that come up with launching new products. Before one is set to start a new product there are short and long terms parameters that he should consider to ensure that there will be continuity in the business. The future is unpredictable and so even the smallest details about something should be interpolated before starting up. This paper focuses on the introduction of a new brand of soft drink called poppy by the Coca Cola enterprises limited in the UK. Most of the drinks manufactured by the enterprise are carbonated and this does not go well with some people. The introduction of a drink (poppy) that is purely manufactured from fresh fruits would attract a significant number of consumers because fruits are recommended for health. The enterprise’s strength is ventured in its strong brand name that is internationally recognized. It is a subsidiary of the Coca cola Company that manufactures and distributes Coca cola products such as Sprite and Fanta not only in the UK but in many parts of the world. There is a wide recognition of its products in all parts of the world. The strength of the company is undoubtedly engineered by its internal managerial mechanisms. In order to have a competitive edge in selling its new product, it will be advisable for the company to take advantage of its ability to compete favourably with equal players in the market. A strategic marketing plan is the only way out. Corporate Objectives Corporate objectives are statements that identify plans within an organization that need to be improved. This includes both long-term and short-term goals. For them to be achievable, they have to be SMART (Specific, Measurabl
Bullying and Diversity of its Forms This presentation is aimed at examining the problem of verbal bullying. This paper highlights some of the best practices that can be used by teachers in order to address this problem. This information should be considered by future educators because they will need to protect students who can be victimized by other learners. More importantly, they need to design policies that can shield students from verbal bullying. So, this information can be of great benefit to them. Verbal bullying is the use of words to intimidate or humiliate a person. It can take form of insults, teasing, taunting, and so forth. This activity can have various adverse effects on a person; in particular, this behavior can lead to inferiority complex. Additionally, he/she may find it difficult to establish social relations with peers. In turn, would-be educators should understand how to eliminate bullying in different settings, especially schools. Background and key facts   * More than 50 percent of learners have observed bulling in school   * At present, there are 2 million bullies and 2.7 victims of this abuse in American schools ( Facts & Statistics , 2009).   * In more than 60 percent of all cases, school shootings occur because students want to take their revenge on their bullies ( Facts & Statistics , 2009).   * In more than 15 percent
Introduction: The Concept of the Corporation Pizza Hut Corporation presents one of the most recognized restaurant chains in the USA. Moreover, the industry has lately expanded its status and became an international franchise as well as a subsidiary of Yum! Brands. The global corporation possesses a status of a fast food leader, due to its fabulous Italian-themed kitchen and multidimensional restaurant formats. The History of the Company The establishment of the company dates back to 1958. Primarily, it was founded as a small restaurant by two Kansas students, Frank and Dan Carney. The name of Pizza Hut Corporation derived from the shape of the first company building that resembled a hut. The original architectural trend of the company’s buildings implied the usage of shingled red roofs and trapezoidal windows. When the managers of the industry made a decision about a shift to delivery, the projects of building constructions were altered. Still, by that time there were already more than 6 000 traditional “huts” throughout the world (Peterson, 2012). Pizza Hut Restaurant Formats A huge success of Pizza Hut Corporation is partly stipulated by its innovative business facets. Thus, the company is split into multisided restaurant formats such as pasta bars, dine-in establishments, carry-out locations and complex restaurants that provide their customers with all the types of eating options. A progressive politics of the corporation targets the food concepts as well. Deck ovens, high-tech menus and open environments reveal the company’s orientation upon a constant development and improvement. Carrie Walsh, chief manager of Pizza Hut Corporation, described the tactic in the following way: “as the category leader, it is our responsibility and obligation to drive our business forward to meet and exceed the needs of our customers, and we feel these new assets are one of the many ways we are doing just that” (Terfehr, 2014, para. 2). Therefore, one of the leading strategies of the corporation is its innovation-based approach that predetermines a progressive development of the company restaurants. Pizza Hut Radical Menu The introduction of bold flavors within the Pizza Hut restaurants contributed to the popularity of the company. A consistent modernization of the menu was a step that had to be taken by the company managers so that to enhance the sales that had dropped in 2012. As a result, lately, the corporation has launched the sales of new asiago breadsticks with the various types of sauces. Balsamic drizzles and cherry peppers became the ideal complements to the new signature menu. Moreover, Pizza Hut elaborated the types of crusts so that to give the customers a chance to choose not only the toppings, but the dough for their pizzas as well (Sanburn, 2014). Consequently, Pizza Hut Corporation maintains the innovative format standards and improves the quality of its food in order to get the clients’ attention. Corporation Rankings A number of Pizza Hut fra
The teaching and learning processes are interdependent and inextricably linked to each other. Hence, if to illustrate these complex phenomena in simple notions and components, the teaching-learning correlation will look as follows: [Board of Studies (a), p.86] These are the paving stones of theory to organizing and planning the class with the students of any stage, and, generally, any subject taken. Context of School and Practicum Class As far as the assignment lies in managing the planning of two-hour literacy class, it is important to mention the most primary factual information about the participants. The practicum class is to take place at the Secondary School. The class planning will correspond to the students, whose knowledge and skills are currently in the Stage 3. This is the last stage corresponding to Year 5-6 and incorporates a considerable development in all the strands of English syllabus – Talking and Listening, Reading, and Writing. The students of the Stage 3:   * communicate effectively, using considered spoken language to entertain, inform and influence audiences for an increasing range of purposes;   * independently read and view an extensive range of complex texts and visual images using a comprehensive range of skills and strategies; respond to themes and issues within texts, recognize point of view and justify interpretations by referring to their own knowledge and experience;   * write well-structured and well-presented literary and factual texts for a wide range of purposes and audiences, dealing with complex topics, ideas, issues and language features. [Board of Studies (a), p.13] The number of students is 17-20. It is well known, however, that number eight, by Gerald Zaltman, is the most effective learning focus group. On the contrary, proceeding from the real situation in learning process at schools, it is unlikely to form the 8-students groups for the quantity of students is far greater. That is why, to manage the effective teaching of twenty people and create favorable conditions for learning, the teacher has to embrace with attention each of the students and observe their work not only as the whole, but also separately. Conveying the special needs, all of the students have the above-average physiological properties of hearing and seeing. However, naturally, the level of comprehending information and the practical skills of reading, speaking, and writing differ from student to student. That is why, it is important to implement the appropriate strategy to achieve the educational, practical, and developmental purposes of the literacy class. [Board of Studies (b), p. 36] The structure of the class has a compo