ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Hitchcock’s books and essays have been of great admiration by most of his readers throughout the years in America and all over the globe. Most of his works have been filmed. They have acted as a source of inspiration to their ecstatic audience as they wait on his next moves behind the scenes. Among the inspiring films that Hitchcock produced, including Strangers on a Train, North by Northwest , Psycho, among others. His skills in writing about the shifting expectations in American society were evident throughout these periods in his writings and films. He follows their lives through the years the 1940s, 1950’s up to 1960s conveying ideologies, alternatives to cultures, and much more in those difficult decades. Among the writings of Hitchcock is Hitchcock’s America , which was based on American society. This paper will attempt to explore the book to establish an argument analysis on it. Analysis Hitchcock is regarded as one of the greatest filmmakers in English History. His techniques in writing were thrilling and earned him the name “Master of suspense”. He held significant information from the audience and engaged them in emotions and intrigues that were exciting and consuming. His work in North by Northwest entails thrilling episodes of not only psychological fable of mellowness but also an anthropological tale of character relationships and culture; he brings out a character by the name Thornhill, who is mistakenly taken for an agent of the government. This sets up a hot pursuit, which involves several exchanges between him and other enemy agents. In this group of an enemy agents, there is a woman called Kendall. They first met in a Train and Kendall persuaded him into romance, which is immensely highlighted in the movie, and then sets him up to be caught by the other agents but in the process falls in love with him, these latter feelings compel her to aid his escape from the agents. With time, love between the two matures and this becomes a setback to the opposing agents as she strongly feels attached to Thornhill and cannot stand his death. Eventually, she helps him escape, shifting the landscape of the movie into a love mix with Thornhill gaining his defendant. Through this, Hitchcock is able to convey American culture and the violence entailed. Romance is highlighted richly in the movie and clearly presents turning points to the tale American culture is also conveyed in this story as it portrays an American wife and how she does her duties in taking care of the home and needs, emphasizing the importance of a woman who, as a mother who cares for her children. American hospitality is depicted during the film as Thornhill seeks refuge in the pursuit. Deception is clearly brought out as Kendall does it in seducing him to set him a trap. The romance depicted compounded by kisses throughout the movie highlights the fragrance given to it. The story is sparkling with effects and suspense to the audience. Conclusion America’s
Introduction The Iraq war exhibits significant elements of realism where two countries engage in war in the name of political freedom and behind doors seeking economic resources. Even if the approaches may be different, what such parties really seek is protection of their interest. According to Brown (190) realism is measured by power politics reserved in military capacity and force followed by dominance of one actor in seeking interest through coercion or manipulation. In the Iraq war, realism is best exhibited when the United States made efforts to protect Kuwait which had a significant hand in restoring and growing the United States economy through cross-business. This paper advances to illustrate the Iraq war citing important events and illustration that portray realism in bid of reaching ones interest. In the conclusion the paper touches on the flaws of realism theory such as pessimism from the view of human affairs at the global arena and its inability to explain the boundaries or limits in achieving government interests in foreign land. The Iraq War On Black Monday of October 1987 a collapse in the stock market in USA took place causing the American economy to go into recession in the 1990s. The ultimate effect trickled down to other countries that had tight economic relations with the United States such as Canada, Australia and United Kingdom. The difficult part was the American economists, financiers and the government try to comprehend and mitigate the destruction of the recession which had adversely hit all sectors of the economy. Nevertheless, the Americans began having a weak economy which means the defence forces of the country also grew weaker and opened more loopholes where the enemy can strike. USA’s administration had to do something extraordinary to bypass the financial difficulties which are the core component of every government that seeks eternal sovereignty (Wagner 3). There was definitely more than one option for the US to enhance their economy and have it well maintained. However, the best choices had the biggest costs. In this respect, the government approached this problem by taking up resources which defined the country’s wealth and heritage. With this, it would diversify its investments in high yields and overtake other countries in terms of economic growth and development. While this rattling was taking place at the American governmental level, Iraq was floating in immense wealth and increasingly growing powerful. However, Iraq was invading one of the USA’s main allies that are a very supportive country (Kuwait). Kuwait is known for its wealth of economic resources too. Thus, The USA decided to protect its interests in Kuwait backed by four major reasons. It is quite clear that the manifestation of the United States to protect Kuwait is because of its interest in the country rather than the reality of Kuwait being just an ally to the nation. Firstly, there is no doubt that the r
Introduction Over the last several decades, life expectancy in the United States has not kept pace with other high-income countries. The US has ranked between 29 and 32 places worldwide between 2007 and 2012, which is below the majority of other developed and industrialized countries (Avendano & Kawachi, 2014). In addition to this, recent reports have been concluding that Americans experience higher injury, disease, and health-damaging behaviors compared to other countries (Avendano & Kawachi, 2014). This problem remains unresolved despite the US having a good concentration of wealth in the country, which could have positively contributed to the increase of life expectancy. Therefore, despite the country’s potential, there is a lack of resources and solutions that can increase equality among the population to ensure that everyone receives the necessary degree of healthcare and prologues life expectancy. Main Objectives Causes of death in the US have significantly contributed to the increased mortality in the country. For example, mortality from infectious diseases, childbirth, pregnancy complications, transport incidents, and homicide, are higher in the US than in the majority of other OECD countries (Avendano & Kawachi, 2014). In addition to the mentioned fatal causes, Americans have a higher prevalence of low birth weight, injuries from traffic incidents, poor mental health, and HIV prevalence. Thus, poor health outcomes of the population are the result of several broad mechanisms that contribute to high mortality rates. Quality of medical care and public health systems, as well as access to healthcare insurance, individual behaviors, social and demographic factors, as well as physical and environmental factors all, contribute to high mortality rates. Socioeconomic inequality, as well as racial disparities, are particularly important to note because the United States has a high concentration of diverse groups and populations, which, because of their ‘low’ status, cannot receive the necessary level of care. Inequality of health persists in wealthy countries because of the segregation of groups based on race and religion, thus increasing health inequities among underserved populations (Cheng & Goodman, 2015). Social differences in health are considered inequities because they perpetuate an unfair distribution of not only healthcare resources but also risks and behaviors that increase the likelihood of individuals getting diagnosed with adverse conditions or getting injured. Therefore, the connections between health and race and ethnicity cannot be doubted when it
Dr. Pete Thompson, president of the main campus of East Coast Career College in Virginia Beach received a message that the educational institution needs to cut costs. The college intended to upgrade the OS in its computer labs, but research indicated that a hardware upgrade was needed. Due to the message received about the need to reduce costs, it is impossible to achieve this goal. Thus, the best solution for college would be a migration from Windows to Linux. Linux is an open-source operating system (OS), whose main advantage is the absence of the need to purchase a license, in contrast to Windows. Migration from Windows to Linux, contrary to expectations, will not have a steep learning curve. Despite the fact that this OS is more flexible and has more settings, its graphical user interface (GUI) is user-friendly. OpenSUSE, through which you can download the Linux installer, offers two types of interfaces: K Desktop Environment (KDE) and GNU Network Object Model Environment (GNOME). The difference between the two interfaces is only in the programming language, while they offer the same functionality (Basta et al., 2012). The Linux GUI is also similar to Windows, which will not cause problems for students to learn it quickly. Additionally, Linux offers the same capabilities for creating and accessing documents, presentations and using the Internet as Windows. However, in addition to the standard functions, Linux also offers a number of features, including multiuser, multitasking, and networking connectivity (Basta et al., 2012). Multiuser allows all the students to have access to the same server where all the information is placed. This feature is an advantage since it provides the ability not to back up multiple computers, but only one. While home-use Linux rarely involves the use of this system, for East Coast Career College, this feature is extremely useful, as it saves data storage space. Multitasking allows students to run multiple processes at the same time as it is done in Windows. Thus, it will be easy for them to adapt to the transition from one OS to another since Linux is as comfortable to use as Windows. Networking connectivity also provides easy and familiar Internet access via TCP / IP protocols. Thus, Linux has the same capabilities as Windows and will allow students to both have access to a server with files and create text documents or presentations. For East Coast Career College migration from Windows to Linux, the best choice is to use virtual machines. The minimum system requirements for Linux include a Pentium III 5000 MHz or higher processor, 512MB Ram, 3GB free disk space, and 800 X 6000 display resolution (Basta et al., 2012). However, the College already has at its disposal computers with Pentium 4 1.8 GHz processors, which exceeds the minimum requirements, which will provide the best performance for Linux systems. Using a virtual machine wi
Summary The group project was designed to investigate the internal and external macro issues in the project; in this case the selected project for analysis was the ‘Turkish electricity transmission company project’ for the constriction of a national transmission grid project (World Bank, 2008). The growth in the demand of electricity has been increasing and this project was aimed at strengthening and increasing the transmission capacity thus resulting to growth to the other sectors in the economy (World Bank, 2008). The objectives of the project were all achievable and the overall efficiency of the project was also highly rated (World Bank, 2008). The expectation of this project analysis is to identify and analyse the objectives of the project and their relationship with the implications, the success and failure factors, project management best practices and finally recommend the issues that would have been done differently in the terms of design and the implementation. Introduction Projects are ideas which are put into application after some analysis of their viability and are deigned to create a new product, service or result. In this project it was designed to generate electricity in Turkey (World Bank, 2008). The main aim of project management is to increase the efficiency in the human resources, coordination, control, organisation and other managerial functions involved in the project. In project management the managers are faced with the main challenges of scope determination, time allocations, cost administration and quality provision, in this project of transmission grid these guided them in the formulation (Project Management Institute, 2010). The project analysis considered the impact on the economy at large; the main goal of this project is to fuel the economic growth, the government acted as the guarantor for the electricity company for the funding of the project (World Bank, 2008). The project was highly beneficial to the Turkish people since it relevant and it addressed their problems. The growth in the demand has been increasing and this project has strengthened the transmission capacity thus resulting to growth to the other sectors of the economy (Microsoft, 2003). Objectives Vs Real Implications of the Project This part deals with the observation of the stated objectives Vs the real implications of the project and the recommendations on what should be done differently in terms of project design and implementation. The project in the original format had several objectives and after the world banks review some additional objectives and the review of the existing objectives was formulated. All the objectives were rated satisfactory and achievable by the parties involved, they included (World Bank, 2008); To develop an adequate transmission grid capacity This was the main objective of the project; the capacity of the transmission had to be increased to be able to sufficiently transmit 128 tWh per year. The demand of electricity had been growing at an annual rate of 8% and the transmission grid had to be expanded to meet the growing demand in the fu
Introduction Currently, the well-being and health of employees have a strong indirect influence on any organization’s long-run performance and efficacy. Sound management should devise workplace policies to control staff physical and mental conditions to provide proper assistance and intervention. It is believed that when employees are happy and sound, the performance rate of the company increases (Cooper and Quick, 2017). In general, employee health and wellbeing is a managerial approach that primarily aims at optimizing the physical and mental health of all workers and also strives to make them satisfied with their job (Shaik, Makhecha, and Varkkey, 2019). Employers are currently expected to address their employees’ emotional and physical issues with the help of occupational health, various activities, and interventions, training, and promotion of a healthy lifestyle. Such approaches are not only beneficial for the staff but also for the company because it contributes to lower turnover, increase in employees’ productivity, and bolster the bottom line. Main text Well-being and health programs lead to a bundle of positive outcomes both for organizations and employees. In 2019, 37% of UK enterprises spotted an increase in stress-related absence in comparison to the previous year (CIPD, 2020). Among the leading causes, heavy workload and management style are identified by respondents. It means that majority of workers are not satisfied with their job, especially with employee-manager relationships. Moreover, only 30% of respondents stated that line managers were able and confident to have a personal discussion and help them. It is an example of an issue that adversely influences the company’s performance. Such initiatives enable employers to improve health behaviors, which lower health risks and then decrease health care costs. Wellbeing programs reduce presenteeism related to health behaviors, such as low physical activity, smoking, and chronic illnesses, which increases productivity. According to Ganster and Rosen (2013), work stressors, such as workload, stressful events, and work pressure, have a strong correlation with emotional exhaustion, which is an element of job burnout. Physical complaints are also spotted to have an association with those stressors. Wellbeing programs can mitigate it and lower absenteeism by creating corporate culture aimed to decrease work-related stress. Nevertheless, health and wellbeing plans bear some disadvantages, especially for business owners. Such strategies usually are expensive to devise and establish within the company. The business also can face an employee’s reluctance to participate, for instance, is a free health appraisal, as he/she is afraid of private information leakage to colleagues (Cooper and Quick, 2017). Furthermore, they usually see it as a separate policy, while it should be embedded in business culture and everyday decision-process. Small firms often do not have enough money to create a managerial team or to tra
Introduction A business plan refers to a document prepared by a firm illustrating the projected course of business operations in the future. Usually, a business plan summaries both the operational and the financial objectives of a firm in the next one to three years. Additionally, it seeks to persuade investors to finance the new venture (Sellars, 2009). A business plan is prone to modifications later on to reflect changes in the operating environment. The major changes in the environment that may require modification of the business plan include the emergence of new opportunities or threats. A business plan tends to convince investors to invest in the company, and thus the disclosure of material facts regarding the operations is inevitable. A business plan should illustrate how the firm intends to use the funds raised from the financier and demonstrate its ability to manage resources effectively. This paper compares and contrasts the structure of two business plans. The paper identifies the major strengths and weaknesses of each plan before making recommendations for improvement of each document. A Brief Description of the Business Plans Manufacturing and Marketing Beverage Appliances, Inc. (2MBA, Inc.) is a manufacturing firm specialising in the production of beverage equipment, which it sells to food manufacturers. The firm’s business plan is premised on the need to raise $1.5 million from potential investors to boost its operations. 2MBA plan starts with an executive summary meant to brief investors on the intended operations of the business. The plan is not comprehensive enough to exploit all the material facts. However, the entire business plan is structured to explore crucial information on the nature of the intended venture, which is useful to investors. The 2MBA plan emphasises on information regarding the company’s products, and it seeks to paint a picture of the superiority of the company’s products over compliments produced by the competitors. The plan also includes information on competitors, which is assessed through the SWOT (Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis. In the case of the Live Plan Template, the business plan is structured to capture crucial information for investors. The plan opens with an executive summary section structured to highlight information regarding the amount of funds needed together with how the business intends to raise and use the money. Another section of the plan analyses the projected cash flows arising from the intended investment by highlighting both the revenues and the costs. The plan is structured to capture the information in a more summarised manner than in the case of 2MBA. For instance, it uses tables to present the projected cash flows. All the revenues and costs associated with the initial operations of the firm are captured in the plan through tables provided in the relevant sections. The plan integrates tables with theoretical explanations to make sure that the investor understands every aspect covered in the plan. However, the
Introduction The collapse of the global financial system in 2008 and the subsequent recession through 2009 defied the reputation of the free market economy in the public imagination and discourse in a way that it had not been defied since the Great Depression. The intellectual consensus after this particular recession was that free-market economies are not only unstable and exploitive (Boettke 2010), but contribute to market failure, thus the need for government’s intervention on a multiplicity of fronts to neutralize these objectionable characteristics (Devlin 2010). Academics and economic commentators are still critically analyzing what could have gone wrong to occasion such an unprecedented financial crisis on the global front, but one of the possible reasons that continue to elicit increased attention is market failure (Dorn 2010). The present paper aims to shed more light into the concept of market failure, its causes, and the various interventions that government can adopt to correct this undesirable market outcome. Understanding Market Failure In precise terms, market failure is “…an economic term that encompasses a situation where, in any given market, the quantity of a product demanded by consumers does not equate to the quantity supplied by suppliers” (Investopedia 2012, para. 1). This scenario is thought to arise due to the absence of certain economically ideal factors, which not only prevent the achievement of market equilibrium but also occasion negative ramifications on the economy due to fact that optimal allocation of resources is not realized (Investopedia 2012; Wetherly & Otter 2011). In other words, market failure occurs when the allotment of commodities and services by a free market fails to meet the efficiency requirements, in large part due to the pursuit of pure self-interest and imperfections in the market mechanism (Palmer & Hartley 2006). Market failure is caused by a multiplicity of factors, discussed as follows: Causes of Market Failure Academics and economic experts are of the opinion that market failure may be caused either by non-disclosure of critical information among private sector players, or by inadequacy of information in the market (Devlin 2010). This view is reinforced by Basu (2009), who acknowledges that market failure is caused by incomplete information, as well as imperfect or asymmetric information. According to this author, “…asymmetric information refers to the problem which principally arises from the non-disclosure of information; this means information is there but one agent does not disclose all the relevant parts of it, specially his/her true intention to his/her opposite agent” (p. 488). On the other hand, incomplete information implies that all the relevant information that is essential for private sector actors to make informed investment decisions is not currently available, either due to the fact that it was not being collected and stored by relevant market agencies or because it has yet to emerge in a