ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
As you all know, our company is in the process of acquiring Enviro Tech as a strategy to attain a high competitive advantage in the market. This will enable our firm to be able to compete effectively in the global market because the cleaning industry has become very competitive in the recent past. Through the merger, there will be the creation of a synergistic effect in the course of the firm’s operation. In addition, our company will be able to increase its customer base. This is due to the fact that the firm will be able to venture into new markets. In addition, the employees’ level of knowledge will be improved. The effect is that there will be an increase in the productivity of the firms’ employees. As managers, we need to appreciate the changes that are occurring in the global business environment and integrate them into our operations. This means that we are supposed to play a significant role in managing the intended change within the organization. It is our responsibility to assure the employees that the merger will not have negative impacts on the organization and hence they should not be afraid of anything. It should be understood that the position we hold as managers is that of a role model. This means that the employees will be looking at us to identify our perception of the intended merger. All supervisory managers should ensure that they guide the operational level employees in understanding the merger effectively. This is due to the fact that the employees will demand a comprehensive knowledge of the direction that the organization is taking. Communicating to the employees will enable the employees to perceive that they are considered in the merger. To achieve this, it is important that all the supervisory managers adapt to the changes in time. This will ensure that they are efficient in making the employees understand the change. Considering the fact that there is a direct interaction between the first-level managers and the employees, there is a high probability of them affecting the employees’ productivity. All the first-level managers must demonstrate fairness in relating with the employees of the two firms. This will enable them to have an effective transition into the new firm. This is due to the fact that the employees will be under enormous pressure during the transition phase. The effect is that the firm will be able to minimize the rate of employee turnover due to poor relations with the first-level managers. In addition, all the supervisors should ensure that the employees have an opportunity to learn new sales techniques within the new firm. Supervisors should continue encouraging positive employee behavior in the workplace. This will help in keeping the morale of the employees high. If we promote negative empl
Introduction A current research conducted by business professionals around the globe has indicated a rise in the proportion of women participating, in the international business. As compared to the low percentage of women, current statistics have reported a tremendous rise, and is currently at 45% (Hodge). This is still low when compared to the proportion of men involved, in international business. Therefore, this paper aims at identifying key factors contributing to the low representation of women, in the international business. In addition to the identification of such factors, it is also necessary to examine some factors that have resulted to a rise in the proportion of women involved in international business (Punnett 12). Barriers to international business The report obtained after interviewing men and women showed that they encountered diverse challenges. A research conducted on the same in Australia depicted that women encounter more barriers, as opposed to men. Therefore, the different challenges encountered by the two distinct groups’ accounts for the widening gap in their international business participation (Punnett 13). Amongst the hurdles to women, expansion in business is that, they are risk indisposed. Thus, such a trait impedes them from venturing into businesses having massive risks. In many scenarios, women engage in small business, whose risk is minimal. Moreover, women entrepreneurs face the challenge of work-home conflict because of their entitlement to many responsibilities at home (Hodge). Consequently, they lack adequate time dedicated towards the expansion of their business. In many cases, women view men as the only people who ought to hold the power networks, which include partaking in international business. Therefore, the majority of them remain in the casual sector, which does not allow one to grow (Mitchel 35). Additionally, women entrepreneurs have been complaining of inadequate training opportunities. Studies have indicated the need for one to undergo some training in order to remain equipped with the necessary expertise, which enhances
Entry Deterrence Entry deterrence is one of the most extreme forms of competition that involves preventing a competitor from entering the market. This result can be achieved with the help of pricing: for example, the existing companies (incumbents) can set the price that may affect the demand curve rendering the entry unprofitable (Viscusi, Harrington, and Vernon 182-198). It should be pointed out that incumbent firms may accommodate a number of competitors, but in case they expect the competition to reduce their profit, they may choose to deter the entry into the market (Calzada and Valletti 1243). Since it is usually easier for a market leader to find ways of lowering costs and prices (the experience, as well as the reputation in the market, is a valuable asset), the entrant may reconsider the decision of participating (Viscusi, Harrington, and Vernon 183-198). The threats of entry deterrence include the reduced competition and customers’ well-being which is why this phenomenon is mostly regarded as a negative one (Calzada and Valletti 1243). Antitrust laws can be used to stimulate the competition and prevent entry deterrence cases (Mankiw 354-356). Lin describes “the entry and alliance game” through the analysis of a number of airline cases (638). The existing carriers of these cases are monopolists in their domestic markets; at the same time, they compete internationally. Before the entrance of a new competitor to their markets (in the cases those were domestic spoke markets), the two airlines companies would compete. However, once a new competitor attempted to enter, they would form alliances and set prices according to their agreements. Such an alliance, according to Lin, is a “credible threat” that is capable of keeping entrants away from the market (648). As it is apparent from the example, entry deterrence can be related to collusion. Collusion A collusion is a form of coordination between firms. In the case of collusion, “firms are able to coordinate in jointly raising price which serves to deliver higher profit” (Viscusi, Harrington, and Vernon 66). Collusions can be both explicit and tacit; in the former case, the agreement is achieved through meetings while the latter form is done without actual communication between the parties. In the latter case firms react to each other’s actions. The threats of collusion are similar to those of entry deterrence; in fact, the restriction of entry can become a consequence of collusion (Barbot 3; Viscusi, Harrington, and Vernon 66). That is why in certain cases the government attempts to intervene through antitrust regulations, although this intervention varies from country to country. For example, the existence of OPEC cartel is not threatened by the antitrust laws even though it has a significant influence on oil prices to the point of controlling them (Viscu
Introduction Positioning and differentiation are essential elements to any institution that aims to market its services and goods to potential clients. Furthermore, these two concepts play a crucial role in ensuring the marketing process of an organization’s product succeeds. The hospitals under evaluation are Massena Memorial Hospital, which is housed in New York City and abbreviated as MMH. The second hospital is the George Washington University Hospital, which is housed in Washington DC and abbreviated as GWUH. These two institutions employ comparable and dissimilar positioning and differentiation strategies with the mindset of attracting significant proportions of clients who are mainly patients. MMH Positioning strategies MMH makes use of diverse positioning strategies that are preeminently determined by nature and characteristics of products and services. The most outstanding is ‘attribute positioning’ dictated by the daily services the hospital offers its clients. The first attribute strategy is their high level surgical services which are considered the finest in the region. The hospital offers surgical services that ensure the client’s needs are satisfied prior to, all through and after surgery. These surgical services position the institution as the preferred provider of the service. It provides wide-ranging surgical services as its personnel are qualified and vastly trained professionals. Additionally, the services are delivered with adequate patient care and dignity. It is noted that the additional and unique surgical services consist of the laparoscopic and laser surgical procedures. Another attribute that has been adequately addressed is the establishment of the patients’ financial services. The hospital understands the fact that there are patients who might not pay for their therapeutic bills. Thus, the institution has put in place the ‘proud program’ that offers discounts to patients who qualify based on proceeds. Thus, every resident of New York has the chance of applying for the discount program. Furthermore, residents are not denied medical services on the basis of their inability to pay. Another attribute that has strengthened the hospital’s position in health care industry is the classy medical imaging service provided. It is rated among the finest globally in the provision of this service as it has employed certified radiologists and technologists together with proficient support staff. Additionally, MMH provides a
Mark Twain, the writer of the book “The two views of the Mississippi” talks of the two sides of the Mississippi River; however, Twain uses ‘Mississippi’ symbolically to represent life. The short story underscores how individuals lose the ability to see the beauty in common place especially in the workplace; what appears as beauty to an ordinary person appears dangerous to a profession in a particular work. The first phase of the story opens with the writer being so fresh to his environments with the river being central to his discussion. The magnificent, cool waters seem inseparable from the eyes of the writer. Something new and worthwhile came forth every time he looked at the river, what a wonderful sight; Twain notes, “And it was not a book to be read once and thrown aside, for it had a new story to tell every day” (119). The journey through the waters is an eye gluing one. Everything seems to catch his attention, and he enjoys the scenes as those of a romantic play. The second phase of the story contrasts the first one. The phase starts with the writer acknowledging that something good has died in him. He ceased to see the beauty of the river. The writer is full of knowledge of the river and no longer anxious about its beauty. His major focus changes to the safety it offers to his sailing. In contrast, the writer brings out the secrets of the journey to knowledge. Twain says, “In truth, the passenger who could not read this book saw nothing but all manner of pretty pictures in it…whereas to the trained eye these were not pictures at all, but the grimmest and most dead-earnest of reading-matter” (119) which contrasts the knowledgeable and the unskilled. The writer describes the contrast between the views of the two that is, the passenger and the pilot. To both, the river is like a book, which only the pilot seems to understand the language used. The pilot understands the readings of the book and can interpret it either to suit his piloting or to portray danger to lives. On the other hand, the passenger can only enjoy the pictures of the book, as its language is hard for him to comprehend. Not only is the language difficulty, but also like a child, he does not bother. As one grows daily to gain knowledge and specialize in a particular thing, so do innate qualities of the subject fade away. Little things matter to little minds while great minds think about great things. The writer uses similes as tools of literature to capture the attention of the reader. Analogies such as “great river as familiarly as I knew the letters of the alphabet” (Twain 120), underscores this assertion. This simile shows the extent to which the river has become familiar to Twain. Other tools used are figurative languages and personification of the river. Finally, Twain, says that he pities doctors; “What does the lovely flush in a beauty’s cheek mean to a doctor but a ‘bre
Additional Services High-end stores such as Bloomingdales or Taylor & Lord often aim at turning the process of purchasing a piece of clothing into an exciting and delightful experience for their customers. To ensure client satisfaction, such stores add luxury services that go beyond selling traditional items. These may include:  1. Personal styling;  2. Same-day deliveries;  3. Gift consultation and wrapping;  4. Style trial — home delivery of a number of clothing pieces that a customer has chosen him- or herself or that were handpicked by an in-house stylist;  5. Serving drinks such as champagne. Personal styling may be one of the most common services offered at stores. Recently, it even left the realm of elite clothes and tapped into the mass market. Such popularity is easily explainable: customers find joy and pleasure in receiving special treatment and feeling that they matter. When a customer enters a store, he or she might have two issues: first, they are unsure as to what they would like to buy, and second, they are not familiar with what the store has to offer. A personal stylist considers a customer’s requests and makes up outfits out of the items available in stock. Customer Lifetime Value In the current economy, additional services do matter due to a well-described phenomenon titled customer lifetime value, or CLV. This term refers to the entire relationship that a company may have with a single customer and, therefore, the net profit that it can make if the relationship is maintained (Armstrong and Cotler 20). CLV relies heavily on a customer’s first impression and overall satisfaction. Additional services may enhance his or her experience as they add an emotional component to the venture. Thus, a customer may be more likely to return to the store and recommend it to friends and family. Work Cited Armstrong, Gary, and Phillip Cotler. Marketing: An Introduction. 7th ed., Pearson/ Prentice Hall, 2005.
Introduction Consumer law generally covers a wide scope of issues related to consumer protection and security in business transactions. To this end, the law is put in place to ensure that the consumer is protected. It is a legal branch that regulates the relationships between consumers and businesses selling products to these individuals. 1 It establishes the rights of these consumers and puts in place mechanisms to ensure that they are upheld. As a result, consumer law is vital in ensuring that consumers are not exploited during business transactions. The law ensures that businesses do not take advantage of consumers as they purchase goods and services. When engaging in business transactions, the seller and the consumer are bound by various obligations to each other. Consumer law highlights the obligations and rights of consumers as they engage in business transactions. In this paper, advice is provided to Fiona, a consumer, from the perspective of consumer law in the United Kingdom. As a consumer, Fiona is subject to the rights and obligations set out in consumer law. The consumer has entered into a contract with two sellers. She is engaged in a hire purchase contract with Easy Finance Ltd., a contract binding her for three years. In addition, Fiona has entered into another agreement with Creative Computing following her purchase of a laptop from this firm. Creative Computing claims to make customized computers. A critical analysis of the issues surrounding this case reveals that Fiona has been exploited or unfairly treated by the firms. As a consumer, she first got herself into a hire purchase contract that is unfavorable to her. In addition, the laptop acquired from Creative Computing lacks the specifications stated by the supplier before its purchase. The shortcomings constitute some of the issues that consumers contend with daily. They highlight the critical role played by consumer law in any economy. Advice for Fiona A Review of Fiona’s Hire Purchase Contract The hire purchase contract Fiona entered into with Easy Finance Ltd. falls under the regulations of Consumer Credits Acts. Consumer Credits Acts 1976 and 2006 outline the components, obligations, and rights resulting from an agreement between a consumer and a seller or a supplier. The act further outlines the actions that need to be taken in addressing issues arising from such transactions. By seeking financing from Easy Finance Ltd., Fiona bound herself to a regulated agreement that qualifies as a Consumer Credit Agreement. Such an agreement describes a consensus between the debtor and the creditor. In this agreement, the creditor provides the debtor with a specified amount of credit. 2 Under the hire purchase agreement, Fiona is not obliged in any way to purchase the television set from Superhouse. The owner of goods (in this case, Superhouse) allows the product hirer (in this case, Fiona) to use the product over the specified duration of time while paying for it in installments. In addition, the product hirer has the
Introduction Sympathy with persons at a distance is much fainter than that with people who are near. This is influenced by social distance, which is a measure of segregation with respect to sociability concerns between groups of people created by alleged or actual differences as characterised by well-known societal categories. It is evident across a range of social groupings, encompassing race, class, customs, culture, nationality, religious conviction, sexuality, age, and gender, to mention a few. In organisations and market settings, moral limits signify the application of principles of justice, responsibility, and honesty to affiliations with clients and co-workers. The fact that we live in a global village implies that some international social norms or regulations of conduct may be required (Gino & Ariely 2012). For example, there is a need for the enhancement of market morals and regulations to facilitate excellent behaviour and decorum. Market or corporate morals denote a form of professional or applied ethics that assesses ethical standards and issues that occur in business environments. They mark a sunshade expression that wraps all morality-associated concerns that arise in the process of business dealings. Market morality is established by the regulations, codes of conduct, principles, and values that offer direction for morally suitable conduct in managerial choices concerning the practices of organisations and business connections with the community (Sandel 2013). It is applicable to every facet of business practice and is pertinent to the operations of individual employees, as well as the whole organisation. In a
Once the combination of the word “How to” is typed in any search engine on the web it is understandable right away what processes interest people the most. Putting silly suggestions aside, one of the suggestions follows the “how-to” combination with the question, “How to succeed in college”. A simple question like that might frustrate the respondent, specifically if trying to avoid typical, banal, and general recommendations. In that regard, despite believing that there is no universal recipe for success, this paper will try to outline the road to success in college. Defining Success To outline the process of reaching something, a clear definition of what that aspect might represent is essential. In that regard, the context of the defined term can be crucial. For example, the success for a businessman might differ, from success for an author, etc. Accordingly, in each context, the signs of reaching success might differ as well. Success in college implies several areas, excelling in which might reflect success. Additionally, the personal perception of success can add up to the mix. The following list can give an example of the aspects that are associated with success in college:   * Academic Excellence – learning is the main purpose of going to college in the first place, so, good grades are a good sign that the student is on the right track.   * Personal accomplishments – having a goal that turned into reality is one of the aspects that define success. The range of goals might vary from reading a book collection, losing weight
Introduction Woods is the Director of Human Resources for the Alcohol, Drug, and Mental Health (ADAMH). Her roles include recruiting and selecting potential employees to join the organization. Wood took part in this interview and provided a detailed account of human resource activities and practices at ADAMH, including problems encountered and their solutions. This study focused on understanding different aspects of human resource management at ADAMH from I/O psychology point of view (Spector, 2012). Some of the human resource practices covered include recruitment, employee selection, employee motivation, employee training, job attitudes, giving feedback, creating incentives, and managing conflict. A summary of the interview with a focus on two major problems identified by the Director of ADAMH The study interview focused on common problems that Woods faced while recruiting employees at ADAMH. Woods claimed that employee recruitment was a multifaceted role that required proper planning and execution. Therefore, the recruiter must maintain professionalism throughout the process in order to achieve the intended goals of the hiring process. According to Woods, on most occasions, it was difficult to hire the right persons for vacant positions. The process was laborious. From Woods’ point of view, a hiring manager must be confident about his or her choice of employees based on the employment criteria. Woods commented that there were two major problems in the hiring process, which included failing to hire the right person for the job and the costs of advertising the vacancy. The Director noted that she applied some approaches to overcome the two major challenges in the hiring process. Woods said that she relied on social networks to find and screen potential employees for vacant positions. She believed that many hiring managers evaluated potential employees’ social networking pages as a critical stage before the actual interview. This could lead to effective employee recruitment. It implied that successful interviews resulted in selecting the right employees, who would assume their roles and work professionally in the organization. From Woods’ perspective, social networking media delivered favorable results because they reduced the costs of advertising a job vacancy. Social media have become fundamental components in the job search because many recruiters use them to eliminate initial contacting and screening interviews since most potential employees express their achievements and experiences in their pages. Woods also noted that social media were tools for assessing potential employees’ professionalism, personality, and other relevant traits that could affect job performance. Hence, social media have become effective tools for starting an effective recruitment process. A “scholarly commentary” with recommendations to Woods f