ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Why are people so obsessed with money and material wealth? Unfortunately, being rich means being powerful and gaining control over others. However, is it cool to be one of the richest people in the world, like Bill Gates, for example? Being superior to people, possessing unlimited power, and controlling the entire world is quite a responsibility. However, it is also a great challenge for a person whose power is measured by his money, but not by his/her personality. Let us imagine what Bill Gates thinks about his power and wealth. Is he frustrated or money is not a priority for him? Putting “his shoes” can allow me to feel like the richest and the most influential person in the world for a moment. So, it is six-thirty already and it is time for morning exercises. I decide to visit my gym and have thirty minutes with an exercise bicycle. My next stop is my bathing room and large and light kitchen. The coffee is already prepared and I am watching TV to keep abreast of the latest news about market demand and product selling rates. At the same time, my e-mail is also checked and I automatically go to my cloakroom to choose some of my business suits. I should always look smart, but who cares? Sometimes, I think that if I go to work wearing my pajamas, nobody will express a sign of reproach. The only thing that matters is in-time salary, constant production development, and innovation. I need to go ahead of time to be able to compete with other developers, like Apple. The saying “Time is money” is all about me. I love my job and I am fond of the contributions I made to the development of the world-known brand of computers. However, does everybody care about what I think about other people, except for my family? Do they know about my favorite color, or favorite place, or favorite dish? I doubt it. However, why am I so concerned about it? I am the most powerful person in the world and I can make people think and behave the way I like. There is no reason why I should feel unhappy and frustrated. I have a wonderful job, an excellent family, and lovely children. I am an accomplished person and my name will remain in the history of humanity. What else should matter in this world? Probably, there are still other ways of personal fulfillment. Indeed, maybe I should try myself in other fields? What about art, or music composing? In school, I have also been considered a geek who loves nothing, but computers and technology. However, technology is one of the most important tools of scientific revolutions. Living in an era of mass information exchange, my inventions will surely be the most notable discoveries. Probably, I will never stop advancing my knowledge. I will also keep searching and searching for new ways of self-fulfillment. Probably, this is the logo of my life: “Never give up”. Therefore, money and power are just accidental outcomes or, I would say, shortcomings of my passionate hobby. Despite the success, I still managed to remain myself and tha
Introduction Affirmative action refers to the act of providing equal employment to all individuals regardless of their sex, religion, sexual orientation, race, or origin (Cosson, 2010). Employers are required by law to adopt measures that facilitate access to equal employment opportunities by all citizens. The measures adopted aim to eradicate discrimination mainly in employment and education. The United States Department of Labor plays an important part in promoting affirmative action. The department accomplishes this role by conducting outreach campaigns, employee management, employee development programs, and support programs (Cosson, 2010). The National Conference of State Legislators defines affirmative action policies as guidelines that are implemented by organizations in order to facilitate equal access to opportunities by minority groups. These policies mainly focus on critical matters such as education and employment. Women and ethnic minority groups are subjects of discrimination and exclusion especially in the labor and education sectors. Affirmative action aims to eradicate this exclusion and offer minority groups access to opportunities and resources that are necessary for economic prosperity. History of affirmative action Affirmative action dates back to the Reconstruction period in the 1800s (Anderson, 2004). During that period, many slaves lacked the skills and resources that were necessary for su
Looking for information about time management theories and models? This report describes time management theoretical framework in psychology and explains the importance of time management in academic performance. Executive Summary There are a number of theories which have been developed in relation to time management. This paper provides an analysis of these theories and demonstrates how they can be applied to increase my studying efficiency. The first theory used is the Bucket of Rocks Theory which offers insight into the order in which a person should work on his activities. The second theory discussed is Lakein’s ABC system which involves categorizing tasks in order of priority. The third theory discussed is the Inventory System which involves reviewing actions in retrospective and learning from them. Another theory used is the Time Management Grid which identifies tasks to be done and categorizes them in different quadrants based on their importance. Goal setting theory which involves coming up with challenging and achievable goals is also suggested as one of the means through which time can be managed. Another time management principle is the Time Management Windows Principles which borrows from Johari’s window. This principle considers that time can be wasted in a group setting if effective communication is hindered. Pareto’s 80/20 rule which identifies that only 20% of our activities produce 80% of the results we desire is also utilized. Finally, the paper discusses Assertiveness which can assist an individual to avoid wasting time. These theories were tested and the results reported in my bid to maximize on my study time. From the usage of these theories, I discovered the best way to manage my time and gain optimum results. Introduction Time is an important asset to an organization and its efficient usage is a key role of the manager. Time is a non renewable resource and once it is gone, one cannot recover it. With this in mind, it makes sense to make the best of the available time by prioritizing and doing the more important activities first. To effectively manage time, the manager needs to have good time management skills. Time management is defined by DeJanasz et al. (2006, p84) as “the ability to allocate our time and resources to accomplishing our objectives”. Time management is undertaken to try and come up with the
The society should be the judge of happiness or harms, and establish ways of ensuring people enjoy their lives. Utilitarianism is a belief advanced by many scholars, including John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham. It emphasizes on the need for more people to be happy even if a minority will suffer in the process of pursuing this happiness (Kaswan 11). It is a one sided approach to issues of morality, governance, economy and politics; therefore, it focuses on how individuals can maximize happiness and reduce suffering. Therefore, the society is the judge to define happiness or harms by regulating human behavior to conform to its requirements. Individuals can also be judges of happiness and harms if they agree to stop doing things that cause suffering. Thomas Hobbes discussed the Social Contract Theory by referring to ancient societies and individuals as primitive, arrogant, disorderly and poor. Therefore, individuals had to make consensus to cede part of their rights so that they could protect their lives. This gives individuals the power to decide what is good or bad for them; therefore, it makes them judges to define happiness or harms. This theory is based on agreements that Hobbes refers to them as contracts that give institutions and individuals legitimacy to rule others (Rachels and Rachels 31). In addition, these contracts enable people to draw boundaries between their happiness and the rights of others. Individuals can establish institutions like courts and security departments to ensure the rights of different groups are protected. The second difference between Utilitarianism and Social Contract Theory is that the former does not designate boundaries between harms and benefits and supports individuals to use unorthodox ways to pursuit happiness. This notion promotes the suffering of individuals that have limited resources to defend their rights from abuse. Financial resources, civic awareness and the will to fight for each others’ rights drives people to seek the company of those they share similar predicaments. Unfortunately, there is limited information about the limits of the rights of individuals and this makes most people abuse the freedoms of others. Individuals have rights and freedoms that should be protected from abuse; therefore, they have the right to define happiness or harms in the society (Hampton 19). Utilitarianism gives people the right to pursuit happiness regardless of the consequences of their actions. Therefore, it does not impose restrictions and limits on human behavior and this makes people violate the rights of others when pursuing happiness. On the other hand, the Social Contract Theory states that people should strive to protect their rights at all costs; moreover, he highlights the importance of sacrifice in ensuring that individuals enjoy their freedoms after agreeing with others on how this should b
The client in question could be suffering from heroin addiction. In this case, there may be need to provide her with medically prescribed heroin to treat her addiction. The ethical dilemma in this case is whether she is sufficiently competent to make a decision regarding this type of treatment. This kind of treatment raises complex ethical problems. One major ethical issue is whether a heroin addict is capable of assenting to prescription of heroin. Heroin is a drug associated with degeneration of the mind. This raises doubts as to whether a heroin-dependent individual has the mental ability to make such choices. When these questions were put forward to Cynthia, a recovering heroin addict at a local clinic, her reaction was disbelief and amazement. “That’s crazy,” she said, “if you’re addicted to heroin, then by dentition you can’t say ‘No’ to the stuff.” Cynthia’s response can be expressed in the form of a dilemma (Charland, 2002, p. 37). This essay is about ethical dilemma posed by heroin prescription. The problems raised by the dilemma are serious. The basis of the dilemma lies in the nature of heroin addiction. Heroin addicts suffer from an uncontrollable want to search for and use heroin. As a consequence, they have damaged decisional ability to make choices about heroin. Ethical debates about heroin prescription seem to have overlooked this point completely. Heroin prescription presents a remarkable angle from which to observe the function of value in mental competence. This also point up why accountability is paramount in any form of competency. There are also interesting similarities between addiction and depression that are important. It has been argued that severely depressed patients may not be competent to consent to research because they care too little about risks. The problem with heroin addiction is just the opposite. Heroin addicts care too much about benefits that accrue from their use of heroin. Clinical tests of the competency of depressed subjects to consent to research have recently been carried out. We should not assume that heroin addicts are competent to sanction prescription of heroin. Actually, we should assume they are incompetent unless proven otherwise (Charland, 2002). There are other important ethical issues regarding prescription of heroin. They include the quarrel that pits harm reduction against abstinence; the debate over whether addiction should be viewed as a social or a medical problem; the argument that existing resources are better spent elsewhere; and the worry that there is a risk of promoting the message that heroin addiction is acceptable. These are just a few scattered themes and examples. Evidently, there is an interesting literature on
Abstract Conflicts cannot be avoided in a marriage relationship. A couple should therefore improvise some ways that can help it resolve the differences that emerge between the partners. If not properly addressed, conflicts lead to separation and divorce. This is because unresolved disagreements and arguments make individuals in a marriage relationship experience feelings of bitterness, anger, and unhappiness. If the partners are not willing to listen to them, individuals going through such experiences are likely to get frustrated and prefer separation or divorce. Couples who effectively resolve their differences enjoy marital satisfaction. Religiosity is positively related to marital satisfaction. This implies that individuals who are religious and follow religious beliefs are likely to be influenced by these beliefs to solve conflicts between them. Forgiveness and marital satisfaction also have a positive relationship. This can be seen in that individuals who are forgiven can avoid mistakes in the future and are also likely to forgive their partners. To manage solving differences effectively, individuals in a marriage relationship should learn the thinking and positive and negative behaviors of their partners and have a positive perception towards these partners. A couple should also try and avoid those conflicts that can be avoided to enjoy marital satisfaction. Introduction A marriage in this paper will refer to an institution that is formed when a man and a woman come together to live as one family. When individuals get married, they have intimate relationships but as time passes by, conflicts get into the relationship. Conflicts refer to cases when the two individuals crash or oppose each other over an issue. Individuals who are married spend a large percentage of their life together and in such a case, it is very hard to avoid conflicts. Again, these individuals interact almost every day and each has his or her interests and thinking. It is therefore very hard to avoid conflicts in marriage relationships. Conflicts in relationships have major effects especially if they are unsolved. Conflicts have negative effects on marriage satisfaction and they affect the life that a couple spends its life together. Many couples have been divorced due to conflicts in their relationships while others have separated and remarried. Some people have even murdered their partners as a result of conflicts in relationships. All these vices are a result of unsolved conflicts in relationships. Resolving conflicts helps in the maintenance of a relationship by satisfying it. Those couples that have made efforts in settling conflicts in their relationships have been
Introduction Bullying can be defined as aggressive behavior that takes into account unwanted and negative actions toward another person or group of people. It is a situation whereby people repeatedly and intentionally use actions or words against others with an aim of causing distress and risks to them. Bullying is mostly evident when there is an imbalance of power among individuals. For instance, powerful or influential people are said to practice or bully other learners (Olweus, 1993, p. 20). In addition to this, those in power tend to bully others with an aim of making them feel less powerful. Bullying is totally different from conflict though it has been evident that some people bully others because of conflict. The purpose of this study is to explore bullying as it applies in the learning institutions such as schools (Olweus, 1993, p. 45). Discussion There are three different types of bullying namely face-to-face bullying, covert bullying and cyber bullying. Despite their differences, the results are the same that is distress and pain to the people being bullied. Face-to-face bullying is an interesting area of study because it clearly demonstrates bullying in school (Espelage & Swearer 2004, p. 71). Students tend to think that bullying is harmless by considering it as a part of life or growth for juniors to experience. In contrary, bullying is harmful because it can result to physical harm, loneliness, insecurity and unhappiness to students being bullied. Face-to-face bullying involves actions such as kicking or punching, insulting and name-calling (Smith, Pepler &Rigby, 2004, p. 57). Historical roots of bullying Students consider bullying as a school culture even though it is contrary to the school rules and regulations of schools. From historical point of view, bullying is often associated with senior students who perceive themselves as being more powerful than juniors. In regard to this, new comers or first year students are the victim of bullying (McGrath, 2006, p. 23). It has been noted that bullying gains its historical roots from the discipline of the school. This is to mean that the origin of bullying could be traced back to the history of the school based on the aspect of discipline. In schools whereby discipline is lacking, there are high levels of bullying among students because there are no active rules that can hinder them from bullying each other (Van- Krieken, Habibis, Smith, et al, 2010, p. 34). However, it was further noted that students bully each other because they have been bullied before meaning that they bully others as way of revenge of what happened to them (Rigby, 2007, p. 61). Research and Statistical Reports on Bullying In Schools Through a review of several researches conducted in the U.S. based on bullying in public school it was evident that eighty percent (80%) of public school experience some incidence of bullying among the students for instanc
Introduction Customer relationship management is increasingly becoming one of the main strategies that modern organizations use to improve their performance in a competitive business environment. As firms seek to improve their profits, the focus on customers as an important part of the organization has led to an increase in the number of studies carried out to investigate how good companies can use CRM to enhance their growth and performance. According to Boulding, Staelin, Ehret and Johnston (2005, p. 156), for organizations to develop a long-term relationship with its customers requires a special focus on customers. In recent years, organizations in the United Kingdom have invested heavily to improve their relationship with customers (Danaher, Conroy & McColl-Kennedy 2008, p. 44). For instance, medium and small business enterprises in the UK have invested heavily in information technology assets in an effort to better manage how they interact with their customers not only during a purchase, but also before and after the purchase (Bohling et al 2006, p. 181). However, t
Introduction Sociologists have proposed different concepts, including Marxism, capitalism, and socialism, to understand human interactions and regional development. Regardless of the arrangement that a country chooses, there are always negative implications for the citizens. On the one hand, in a materialistic place, vices such as greed, often result in unequal distribution of resources, global warming, and crime (Flaherty, 2020). On the other, in communist nations, there is a high rate of dependency, and some people become lazy. The implication is that a balance of each of the positive concepts needs to be integrated to create a perfect coexistence of people and improve their quality of life. The objective of this paper is to apply theories and creativity to design an ideal community. Key Components For perfection to be attained, the natural laws will be observed by every member to ensure that each life is accorded dignity. The social norms will be aimed at ensuring that all people do what is best for others at all times. If people have the same attitude, all forms of criminal behavior will be eliminated. As stated by Wilhelm and Gunawong (2016), moral reasoning is evident through “assessment of the issues of right and wrong…as embodied in judgments about justice, individual responsibility, and outward behavior” (p.336). The social arrangements will be intended to cultivate virtues that promote quality wellbeing to all people. Values such as love, patience, stewardship, kindness, gentleness, integrity, and faithfulness will be nurtured in children as they grow. Teaching and instilling these values through coaching, training, and rebuke will be the role of parents and can be reinforced by teachers and religious leaders. To encourage “inventiveness and innovation,” there is “protection of intellectual property, private ownership” (Yildirim, 2016, p.113). In addition, people have the right to belong to a religious group of their choosing, although the guardians can provide direction to the minors before they attain the age of eighteen years. Consequently, good mannerism will and the high observance of ethics will be evident in the behavior of all citizens. To maintain control, the family unit will have the greatest role to cultivate young ones to follow law and order. Deviant infants will be punished by their loving parents or taken to juvenile correctional centers for bigger and repeated offenses. There will be a constitution and legal-judicial system to formally settle any crimes. The specialists assigned to guard the law of the land will be people of high integrity and knowledge. Contrary to the view that courts do not seek “reality, but verisimilitude,” the ideal society will use all the available means to establish the truth (Moriconi, 2018, p.509). Disciplinary measures will intend to ensure that people learn to protect each other and create a safe environment for coexistence. Social groups are determined by age, religion, gender, occupation, ethnicity, and involvement in clubs. Belongingness is essential for motivation, celebration, and consolation;