ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Financial forecasting refers to the process of estimating and evaluating the future financial results of the organization based on the current available information. From the results of financial forecasting, the organization derives the future balance sheets, income statements, and budget statements. These statements are used by the management for decision making. With the help of these statements, both the strategic and tactical plans of the organization can be implemented effectively. In this regard, short-term forecast are more likely to be accurate than the long-term ones. Nevertheless, long-term plans are helpful for the company to make long-term investment both in fixed assets and other important investments (Shim 254). The financial forecasting procedure uses varied models to come up with the anticipated financial statements. An organization could use the Pro forma financial statements or the cash budgeting process. Preparation of the Pro forma financial statements entails the adoption of any of the following concepts: percentage of sales method, external financing needed and financial forecasting equations. Percentage of sales method uses the anticipated sales to make adjustments on the components of the business like assets, finances, and liabilities for the future period. Accounting for the expected sales, gives the company a clear view of the necessary measures that they should input to achieve such objective (Brigham 345). Similarly, external financing method uses the amt of finance expected to make future returns based on the manner in which they will be used within the organization. Another important concept is the forecasting equation concept used to determine future financial statements. This concept formulates equations as a model, which takes into consideration all the factors within the organization. These equations therefore are used to make the future predictions of the financial performance and position of the company (Shim 324). Pro forma statements are used for management to identify financial and operating characteristics assumptions that result in different scenarios. This implies therefore that the organization can develop appropriate revenue and expense projections (Brigham 286). By comparing the resulting financial statements of the organisation and its competitors, it can be able determine their financial standing in the marketing in the future. For the short-term plans, the organization needs to make cash budgets that are used for the operation of the company on the day-to-day activities. These budgets enable the organization to make allocation of the funds to the current spending and expenses incurred. Effective budgets facilitate the transparency and accountability of the financial transactions in the organization (Bomhoff 245). Additionally, it represents whether the expenses of the company is in relation to the returns being generated. The analysis of the pro forma statements and the cash budgets indicate that both are suitable for long term and short-term plan purpose
Introduction Modern network society breeds new culture. This culture fosters spiritual and moral values of quite different nature based on mediasphere. Music, art, cinema, and other kinds of art move to new dimensions of cyberspace and information technologies. But not only technologies and culture get renewed. People’s minds absorb and create artifacts and works, which are unique and extremely different from what has been created since the birth of civilization. Where do these drastic changes take their sources from? How to deal with them? All this turns into a problem of paramount importance. Contemporary Culture in Steven Shaviro’s Connected Steven Shaviro investigates these and other questions in terms of modern society and science fiction. In the course of his book Connected he proves that science fiction and reality have merged. It is very difficult to distinguish them nowadays. As soon as some new notion or invention appears in science fiction, it is immediately implemented in reality. And when you read a book printed earlier, you find out that you read not fantasies, but you read about the modern world. The very title of the book is taken from the novel Noire by K. W. Jeter. The author cites a lot of writers: K. W. Jeter, Ridley Scott, William Gibson, Bruce Sterling, Samuel R. Delany, Pat Cadigan. He compares their novels with modern culture and finds out that on one hand culture resembles science fiction, on the other – science fiction is not fiction anymore when it is implemented. And at the stage of putting imaginary things into practice troubles begin. “Every connection has its price; …sooner or later, you will have to pay” (Shaviro 3). And such price to be paid is in contradiction of culture with its drugs, property rights, Web, film noir, and many other things, whose influence on human’s mind is unpredictable. Connected means that you can reach everything and you can be reached too. May
Bonnemains, V., Saurel, C., & Tessier, C. (2018). Embedded ethics: some technical and ethical challenges. Ethics and Information Technology, 20 (1), 41-58. Web. Ethics remains a critical issue in the development of artificial intelligence (AI). AIs are becoming capable and trusted to make decisions that can have a significant effect on people’s lives. Because of this, questions regarding how their decision-making processes should be programmed and which decisions should be left to humans are growing more important. The paper gives examples of ethical issues related to the development of decision-making AI. By highlighting common high-risk ethical decisions through a modified version of the trolley dilemma in a military scenario, the article demonstrates the importance of ethical concerns in the design and training of AI. Bonnemains et al. provide an overview of ethics related to autonomous machines, which can provide background for the issues surrounding the proliferation of AIs which can affect people. Brynjolfsson, E., & Mcafee, A. (2017). The business of artificial intelligence. Harvard Business Review, 7 , 3-11. This article provides a thorough overview of the business side of modern advances in AI technology. It lists a few common applications where machine learning, as a particular form of AI, has found practical use. Thus, the article can be used for background information on the business forces driving the adoption of AI. Furthermore, it can be used to identify sectors and areas where AI is likely to be used more in the future. “The business of artificial intelligence” also includes a section on the common risks and limitations of current AI systems. This section explains the areas in which AI is significantly weaker than humans, and the dangers posed by incorporating such systems without considering these weaknesses. Overall, the article can provide context for the research paper by giving arguments both for and against the application of AI, and identifying the areas where such application is the most promising. Brynjolfsson, E., & Mitchell, T. (2017). What can machine learning do? Workforce implications. Science, 358 (6370), 1530-1534. Web. This article explores the ramifications of automation through the means of AI. It defines the tasks that are most conducive to being automated by the application of machine learning methods. The article a
Introduction The Canadian labor market has evolved over the decades, with numerous policies that seem to affect the workers and the national economy of Canada (MacDowell and Galer, 2010, p. 4). The intent of this paper is to investigate a labor market policy related to climate change, work, and employment, which has reasonable impacts on the Ontario government, its companies, and its workers. The paper discusses the background and the current situation concerning the identified labor market policy, the controversial issues, and the major discourses associated with its existence. Additionally, the paper discusses how the policy specifically affects the workers and provides personal opinions concerning the alternatives that may assist in improving the climate, workers, and the Ontario government. The Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions reporting policy One of the recent policies that directly associate with climate change, work, and employment in Ontario is the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions reporting policy. Canada is among the nations in the world, which has tailored its efforts towards mitigating global warming and reducing environmental depletion (Hsu and Eliot, 2009, p. 485). The GHG emissions reporting policy is a greenhouse gas emission reporting policy that requires the Ontario companies to report the annual levels of their greenhouse gas emissions, and the efforts attempted to control such levels of emissions. The GHG emissions reporting policy developed prior to an assessment of the energy sector in Canada. The increasing evidence concerning the environmental influence of the greenhouse emissions in Ontario prompted the formation of the GHG emissions reporting policy. On the 1 st of December 2009, the Ontario g
Executive summary This report is a detailed description of the technology roadmap that will help the company BHP Billiton Mitsubishi Alliance to manage its complex activities in the future. Better roadmaps are presented for security, infrastructure and core systems. The give technology roadmap for security will be of highly beneficial for the company in managing its security systems in the best possible way. Similarly, the technology roadmap of core system will help the company to manage the main functional areas properly. The technology roadmap for infrastructure has properly taken into consideration the need for the company to improve its infrastructural facilities. Introduction This report is the presentation of a technology roadmap for BHP Billiton Mitsubishi Alliance. Technology roadmaps refer to the usage of technological tools to perform the strategic activities of the organization. Technology roadmap is essential for a business organization to improve its efficiency for widening the market share. “The Technology Roadmap (TRM) concept is a consultative process that is designed to help industry, its supply-chain, academic and research groups, and governments come together to jointly identify and prioritize the technologies needed to support strategic R&D, marketing and investment decisions.” (Technology roadmaps, 2008). Technology is not only a concept that is related to only production and other technical activities in the organization but also a concept that is related and should be applied in every activity in a business organization for improving its efficiency. This report gives a detailed technological roadmap for the given case of BHP Billiton Mitsubishi Alliance. BHP Billiton Alliance is the largest coal miner and exporter of Australia. “BMA is a 50/50 alliance between the world’s largest diversified resources company and the world’s largest general trading company.“ (About BMA, 2008). The increased complexity of the business and the competition prevailing in the market has necessitated the need to make a technology roadmap for various systems in the company. This report outlines the technology roadmap for the company in four areas such as security, infrastructure and core systems. Since the company is engaged in coal mining, security is a cause of concern. A better technological roadmap in security is intended to make the employees as well as the organization secured from the hazards that might arise. The infrastructure of the company includes all the internal and external infrastructural facilities of the company. Technological road map is very much essential for the sooth functioning of all the facilities in the organization. The core systems of the organization include the HR
Daycare centers have been most often a place where children get their first experience of a school environment. It is where infant/toddler class will encourage the children to explore and discover his or her world daily. Most programs in daycare facilities are accented with the use of sensory activities and language development (children will learn by “doing”). Also, the teacher should also provide the parent with a weekly goal, in keeping with the learning environment. Parents can always welcome to take part in classroom activities and share ideas with teachers. With 53 percent of all mothers were working in the 1990s, daycare facilities were one of the most essential human services needed by all families. In this regard, the study of Caldwell (1993) entitled “Impact of Day Care on the Child” takes on an objective stance in assessing the cognitive and socio-emotional effects of daycare centers on children who experienced being in the facility. With her research, Caldwell was able to come up with three suggestions in improving the standards of daycare facilities:  1. strengthening the knowledge base,  2. reconceptualizing the service,  3. making a commitment to quality. Since the paper is discussing the impacts of daycare facilities on young children, the author assumed that much of the people interested in her topic would be teachers and parents. Clearly, Caldwell’s article dealt with the “nurture” part of childhood development because daycare facilities were created to prepare children in a school environment later on in their lives. Caldwell (1993) reasoned out that her intention is to provide more information for research on the effects of daycare. Most studies in this field run in “the risk of oversimplification” where most of “these reviews were that the child care experience need not harm children and, for those whose home environments were understimulating and over stressful”. Because of the wide-ranging scope of literature on daycare studies, Caldwell chose to concentrate on two topics – namely the impact of daycare on cognitive and socioemotional development. In her discussion of the literature that dealt with the cognitive effects, Caldwell found that one of the first daycare centers in America located in Syracuse, New York gave “evidence of cognitive gains associated with day-care participation, with the more deprived children showing the greatest gains”. In achieving this, the studies showed evidence that “the attachment to the mother need not be impaired” and “that children whose early years included daycare showed no more signs of emotional maladjustment than did children without this experience”. However, these early studies showed “shaky” generalizations. Regardless, “these early projects offered reassurance to other professionals and to parents about what would happen to children under these conditions and help
Introduction This assignment is a discussion on the topic of clinical nursing leadership, which is a new role developed by nurses in collaboration with other partners in the healthcare fraternity. The discussion is about the effectiveness of clinical nursing leadership, both on patient and staff outcomes. It also outlines how, why and where I can apply clinical nursing leadership as a new graduate registered nurse in the clinical practice environment. The discussion begins with some background information about the nature of clinical nursing leadership, its scope and how effective it is on patients and staff outcomes followed by a discussion of how, why and where I can apply clinical nursing leadership. What Is Clinical Nursing Leadership? Clinical nursing leadership is a new role in the paradigm of nursing developed by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) mainly to prepare nurses with the necessary knowledge, skills and competences to operate in the contemporary healthcare system which keeps on changing (Thompson, Patricia and Kevin 429-431). Clinical nursing leadership was also aimed at improving the quality of care given to patients. The role emerged following the shocking details contained in a report by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in 1999 which showed that the deaths caused by medical errors in the United States far exceeded those caused by HIV/AIDS and road accidents (Bowcutt, Marilyn, Wall, Jane, Goolsby and Mary 156-161). The rationale behind the establishment of the role was to reduce these deaths, which were attributed to the big ratio of nurses to patients as well as to the lack of good leadership in the nursing fraternity and the general healthcare system. In other words, the clinical nurse leader role was introduced to act as a generalist clinician equipped with an all-round knowhow of healthcare (Hix, Carolyn, McKeon, Leslie, Walters and Sandra 71-76). How Clinical Nursing Leadership Effectively Enhances Staff and Patient Outcomes Effectiveness of clinical nursing leadership on patient and staff outcomes implies the realization of good results in the healthcare sector as a result of good leadership provided by the clinical nurse leader. The clinical nurse leader is trained on general nursing roles at undergraduate level, after which he or she enrols for a master’s degree with a major in nursing. This gives him or her general knowledge and competences on the field of healthcare (Jolene, Fache and Judith 608-613). The effectiveness of clinical nursing leadership may be evaluated or measured by observing various trends and indicators in healthcare. Since the clinical nurse is a leader by his or her right, he or she is supposed to be evaluated on the criteria of the outcomes in the healthcare sector. On part of patients, the effectiveness of clinical nursing leadership could be evaluated on criteria such as increased levels of health education in various communi
According to Health Ties, one of the biggest challenges currently experienced in the health care sector is the increase in a number of the aging population. This has majorly been caused by the increase in life expectancy. Therefore, there is an economic concept involved. For instance, the government will have to spend a lot of money taking care of the aging population (Andre, Velasquez, and Mazur 4). Since this group is likely to suffer from particular illness connected to aging, the government spends a lot of money in treating aging patients. This issue relates to the health care sector in that it discusses the health effects of the increased aging population. There is a current policy of increasing the retirement age to make the aging population more active. Consequently, this policy is important because it will ensure that the aging population remains active, as discussed earlier. Additionally, the government will not have to spend a lot of money on taking care of them. The problem with this policy is that there will be fewer job opportunities available since the positions will be occupied by the aging population for a longer period. The other biggest challenge currently experienced in the health care sector is its sustainability. The current costs involved, in ensuring good health, are regarded as unsustainable hence, there should be ways of making use of the scarce resources more competently and successfully (Andre, Velasquez and Mazur 4). To solve the problem, there are several proposed payment policies. This is important as it will reduce the costs that are involved in ensuring high health care. The problem with the policies is that the money is expected to come from tax payers. Another challenge is the problem of the high cost of healthcare, which affects the U.S. citizens as they seek treatment in healthcare institutions. This is caused by poor healthcare policies, economic challenges, and poor lifestyles by individuals, and it has resulted in the provision of poor healthcare services to patients. The cost of healthcare has been steadily increasing over the years, and the current levels are astronomical to many individuals. Poor policies on healthcare issues have been identified as a major contributing factor to the current high cost of healthcare in the United States. Many United States citizens also contribute to this problem indirectly by engaging in activities which cause them various lifestyle diseases such as diabetes and obesity. Access to affordable healthcare is a basic requirement for all United States citizens. As such, measures should be put in place to eliminate the causes of the rising cost of healthcare and to reduce the current high costs. The government should also engage more with all the stakeholders in the healthcare industry to ensure that the policies it comes up with benefit all the stakeholders. If the problem of the rising cost of healthcare is not addressed, there is the possibilit
Abstract Topaz Hotel located on the island of Malta is a gorgeous 4-star hotel rightfully positioned at the Northern side of the Island. Topaz Hotel boasts of a 406-room capacity, 1100 beds, and 8 lifts among others. Actions like designing, new product upgrading, modifications to the production progression, advertising, logistics, wrapping, pricing, and delivery are among activities stressed by the general managers of Topaz hotel in the green marketing progression. However, the sales manager does not deem green marketing as fundamental. Conflicts frequently happen in organisations where workers are not capable of tolerating the influence of their colleagues. Conflict in an organisation is generally undesirable as it can cause low morale and output in addition to high labour turnover. The aspects that are probable of causing conflicts at Topaz hotel include motivation, and leadership style. The types of conflicts that could probably happen include interpersonal conflicts, and role conflicts. Intervention is thus required to bring sense to prevent conflicts from happening. Introduction Unorganised and unmanaged hotel advancement could seriously produce unpleasant environmental deprivation. While debatably hotels do not take up enormous quantities of environmental space on a single basis, jointly they bring about significant effects on the environment. The dependence on the physical environment by the hotel sector signifies that the failure of one or more of these resources is in opposition to its own continued existence and safety (Annunzio & McGowan 2004). Conflicts generally happen in organisations since workers have different views, priorities, concerns, and convictions. Discovering the degree to which directors in the Topaz hotel in the island of Malta have integrated environmental concerns into their marketing policies could assist in finding areas of likely conflict. This paper assesses the key aspects that trigger various behaviours and considers likely conflicts that could occur. Topaz hotel The Topaz Hotel, which is located on the island of Malta, is an attractive 4-star hotel suitably positioned at the Northern side of the Island. This location makes Topaz Hotel an admired destination for both the local population as well as for the tourists (De Waal 2011). The renowned regions of Qawra as well as Bugibba are situated within a walking distance from the Topaz Hotel. In addition, Topaz Hotel offers a free transportation service to these renowned regions. Topaz Hotel has a 406-room capacity, 1100 beds, and 8 lifts. Each of its units is heated with personal control of temperature. The majority of the units boast of a private balcony in addition to a number of them also having the benefit of pool views. The organisational constitution of Topaz hotel comprises of a general manager in addition to five line-manager