ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The main insight I derived from the introduction was that being a church leader entails having a certain level of interaction with his/her congregation. Hanson explains this by stating: “I have discovered that when I follow Jesus on my everyday life as a pastor, people meet Jesus through my life” 1 . In order to become an effective pastor, one must always take into account the various nuances that composes a congregation and learn to effectively mitigate problems, guide individuals appropriately and be a leader that is open to communication and new ideas (i.e. be like Jesus when he was alive). This ensures that a leader is able to trust his congregation explicitly resulting in better and more successful goals in the future. Based on this section, I believe that success as a pastor is always measured by the amount of accountability a person takes for his actions. Whether success or failure accountability is the ability of a person to accept responsibility for ones actions and learn from them, a trait that is important in being able to make sound pastoral decisions in the future. Beginning Based on the presented information, the main insight that derived from this chapter is that the ethos utilized to justify certain arguments in the church can be manufactured and created for a certain purpose and in the case of the ethos of current church leaders it basis is one which advocates following what the leaders advocate, however, such ethos may not be what the people want or need. The following quote is the most poignant aspect of the chapter: “They also reveal that he tried the methods but with no results” 2 . This quote is in reference to the various books on the ethos of the church that Hansen’s predecessor bought and actively implemented yet was not successful at all. The fact remains that due to reasoning of this type of ethos that keeps on justifying itself on the basis of the knowledge of the leaders regarding ethics, morality and theology, it shows itself to be inherently flawed. The ethical flaw in this particular case is the fact that basis a system of ethos on inherent knowledge and expertise creates far too many risks in terms of the ethical principles behind the creation of the ethos itself. In fact further examination of the ethos of church leaders reveals that it seems more self-serving to the leaders than to the general public. The concept of ethos can be shaped and molded in order to entice greater public support for a particular issue. That is what is being seen right in the ethos of church leaders wherein the justification for actions are based on an ethos that has been molded to create positive public opinion but in fact is nothing more than a method of focusing on the personal agendas of the leaders of the church. Such actions should be avoided at costs since it creates more problems than it actually solves. Call From this chapter, I realized that the call to ministry should not come o
Introduction Hate speech is unrestricted or free expression towards an individual or a group due to their social status, ethnicity, sex, physical appearance, or family background that is offensive, dehumanizing, and breaches the victim’s peace, which makes him or her unable to fit in the social environment. Hate speech may take many forms that are especially directed as a way of discrimination to a minority group of people, which is so evident in college compasses and is accelerated by peer influence (Gould 13). The increasing occurrence of hate speech among students is common today in the institutions of higher learning in the United States and fosters prejudice, which may trigger violence and even cause deaths. The effects of such statements are what matters since it is emotionally distressing to the victim targete
Industry Description At early stages of development, the company at issue began operating as Great Cups of Columbus in Ohio area. The main concept of the company lied in delivering coffee in over-sized cups to adhere to their motto: “A Great Coffee of Coffee, at a Great Price”. Further development of company’s strategies focused on the analysis of its major competitors, such as Starbucks. To stand the competition, the managers started developing and, as a result, the company managed to expand its market share within a decade. With regard to economic variables, it should be stressed that the company is affected by such forces as economic rates, energy price, GDP tendencies, and acceptability. In this respect, higher employment rates might lead to changes to coffee consumption and to increase in food products sales at the account of retail coffee delivery. According to the information received from the U.S. Census Bureau (2006), there is a 7.6 % annual increase in sales of the company’s products. The company’s revenues, therefore, increased from $ 7 billion in 2000 up to $ 11 billion in 5 years (Specialty Coffee Association of America, 2005). Regarding the societal and demographic factors, it should be stressed that coffee is considered one of the most consumed products in the United States and abroad. Therefore, greater demand for coffee can be ensured through increasing the quality of product and services for consumers. Currently, the company continues its expansion policy by developing new coffee stores in different regions and considering new cultural and social layers of the US population (Great Cups Coffee Company, 2011). As a result of the proposed strategy, consumer’s analysis has triggered the coffee producers to focus on sustainable coffees that are more concerned with environmental factors. As compared to alcohol and tobacco products, the coffee has strengthened its position at the market due to the enhanced brand loyalty and development of a new concept of the product as a noble beverage. Within the industry matrix, the major criteria for company’s success involve such aspects as convenience of location, product quality, service speed, product range, and pricing strategy. Porter’s Five Forces Analysis The consideration of the factors determining the successful development and profitability of industry is important because it allows the managers to predict future potential and shortcomings of industry expansion (Ahlstrom & Bruton, 2009). With regard to these issues, the Great Cups Coffee Company should be more focused on such forces as location and price that are interconnected in the fight for a competitive advantage. The proposed Strategic Group Map developed below considers the above-mentioned aspects. The graphic diagram demonstrates the competitiveness of the leading coffee industries with regard to price and location. From the above-established indices, it is seen that Great Cups is the most successful in terms of its pricing and location policy whereas Starbucks is more focused on price rather than on location and, th
Bias and Prejudice Kottler and Shepard (2014) indicate that prejudice and bias affect society negatively. Bias is a downbeat thought of a group or an individual based on economics, religions, or politics. Prejudice revolves around making inappropriate decisions about specific groups without upholding the right truth (Kottler & Shepard, 2014). Bias and prejudice are critical attributes in counseling relationships and acceptance of individual differences. Counselors should reexamine their past views and prejudices against other racial groups. The professionals should be on the frontline to support the rights of every client. Counselors should also guide their clients to neutralize their biases and promote the idea of diversity. These attributes will definitely dictate my duties as a counselor. I will be obliged to respect the values, concepts, and practices of my clients. Prejudice and bias encourage me to maintain a nonjudgmental stance. This approach will minimize the challenges of bias and prejudice. As a counselor, I will be guided by advocacy and social justice. This knowledge will guide me to develop personalized and culturally competent therapies depending on the attributes of the clients (Kottler & Shepard, 2014). This approach will eventually result in a powerful counseling philosophy. Diversity and Parity of Services The world is becoming diverse in terms of population. This kind of diversity explains why mental health workers and counselors have been promoting the parity of services. This emphasis will ensure evidence-based support is available to diverse populations. Flexible therapies will be required to support the diverse needs of different groups. The issue of parity is also critical, whereby every client receives adequate care without discrimination (Kottler & Shepard, 2014). The implementation of powerful programs advocating for parity of services will ensure quality services are available to more people. I have the potential to take responsibility for responding to these emerging concerns. I will begin by developing a powerful philosophy that can meet the needs of more diverse populations. Whenever providing counseling and human services, I will always focus on diverse groups and provide equal support. The inclusion of more professionals from different backgrounds in my counseling teams will make it easier for me to respond to these concerns (Kottler & Shepard, 2014). I will engage in lifelong learning in an attempt to understand the values and beliefs of more cultural groups. Understanding the Perspectives of Others Human service professionals and counselors should be willing to expand their world. Personally, I am planning to implement a powerful plan that can guide me to understand the perspectives of diverse populations. The first approach will be to engage in constant learning. This practice will make it easier for me to learn more about different cultural groups and religious practices (Kottler & Shepard, 2014). The second step is to interact with more counselors and prof
Counseling is one of the most sought services by millions of people across the world. It refers to a process that provides an individual with direction and advice as to a decision or cause of action through the help of a professional. Professionals providing this service are known as counselors. The work of a counselor entails providing mental health services to patients depending on their unique or specific challenges. According to the American Psychology Association, counselors offer many forms of therapy that include career, educational, rehabilitation, Christian, credit, grief, as well as marriage and family counseling among others. One of the characteristic elements of counseling as a profession is the understanding that people are different, have unique challenges, and cannot respond similarly to counseling. Therefore, a professional counselor should be in a position to understand the counseling style that fits the needs of each patient that seeks his or her services. The main duty of a counselor is to offer services to deal with specific issues affecting a patient and enhancing individual growth. My distinctiveness as a counselor is founded on the need to engage with all the values, attitudes, and actions that define this profession. The first step I took in building my professional image was to comprehend the fact that my main duty is helping others. I knew that I had to embrace the role of helping people identify problematic areas in their lives and providing them with the most effective solution as part of duties fulfilled by a counselor. For example, in explaining the duties of a counselor to others I would focus on the changes I had to make at the beginning of my practice. I focused on improving specific skills and attributes that are essential in providing mental health services. A counselor in the contemporary world should be culturally competent, flexible, empathetic, and emotionally intelligent. In addition, a high degree of self-awareness coupled with great communication and problem-solving skills plays a pivotal role in ensuring that a counselor develops a good understanding of a patient. My career is also guided by the need to earn and maintain the trust of all my patients. In this profession, adherence to high standards of ethical behavior is crucial because patients often share personal information with a counselor. Therefore, respecting the privacy of a patient is an attribute that every counselor ought to have and promote. The most suitable settings for counselors to work in include hospitals, rehabilitation centers, learning institutions, and churches. The main reason for this is that people found in these institutions have many issues that often compromise their mental health. Counselors apply several styles or approaches that help them deal with the different patient needs. One of the common ones is cognitive therapy, which focuses on an individual’s train of thought to recognize any patterns of negative thinking that could be problematic. These patterns are then changed using cognitive restructuring, which aims at injecting positivity in a way a patient interprets self, the world, thoughts, and situation
Sundiata Keita was the founder of the famous Mali Empire in West Africa. His life history appears extremely impressive. His role as a leader among the Mandinka people of Mali since the time when he founded the Mali Empire in the year 1230, till his sudden death in 1255 propelled him to the rank of a great leader. Most griots, including Griot Mamadou Kouvate refer to Sundiata as the son of the Buffalo or the son of the lion because he displayed brevity and outstanding strength during his rule. Griots are highly respected in Mali because they are known to be resourceful particularly in telling heroic stories of the kings who ruled the Malian Empire. They all depict King Sundiata as a hero who conquered political and social challenges. I agree with the Mande griots that Sundiata was a prominent leader, primarily because of the characteristics he displayed since his childhood to his sudden death at River Sankarani. I believe that an individual is regarded as a leader if he portrays a number of social characteristics. First, an ideal leader is expected to be brave since he is entrusted with the responsibilities of leading people through adversities and other challenging moments. Secondly, a leader should be someone who is prudent. Efficient leadership requires a high level of wisdom because it involves making crucial decisions. At times, a leader is supposed to make decisions over sensitive societal issues: thus, prudence serves as a principal aspect of a prominent leader. Thirdly, a leader is expected to be popular. Being popular enables a leader to execute his leadership roles smoothly without resistance from the society. In fact, tyranny rule is witnessed in social groups who lack popular leaders since members of the society resist leadership violently, because they perceive their leaders as oppressors. Fourthly, a true leader should be knowledgeable and observant. A knowledgeable leader portrays high understanding about the needs of his people. Moreover, he shows advanced understanding about the surrounding environment: thus, he prepares his people to face various challenges effectively. Finally, a leader is supposed to be attentive. Being attentive enables a leader to listen to his people and respond to their needs appropriately. Listening to the people enables a leader to forge his leadership styles according to the expectations of the society. As such, a high degree of homogeneity in leadership is observed throughout all levels of social structures within the society. I, therefore, attribute King Sundaita’s outstanding leadership to his social characteristics. He portrayed all the features of a true leader through maintaining harmony in the vast Empire of Mali. His intuitive leadership skills and brevity earned him immense honor among the Mandinka tribes of West Africa. Moreover, his exceptional leadership qualities enabled him to be regarded as a strong spiritual leade
Introduction When planning to purchase a cell phone, there are a number of factors that one must take into consideration. One may easily end up with a product that does not meet expectations because of the failure to plan. In this paper, the researcher will look at concepts that should be considered when purchasing a cell phone. Tentative problem statement Failing to identify the reasons why one is motivated to buy a given product is one of the major reasons why people end up purchasing wrong cell phones that they only use for a short period. This paper seeks to address this problem by identifying the reasons that can make an individual to buy a given phone. Research objectives The following are the research objectives that should be achieved:   * To identify the reasons why a person is motivated to buy a cell phone   * To define planning activities that one should observe before buying a cell phone Motivating Factors When Buying a Cell Phone Problem Statement Customer decision-making process is one of the critical stages that marketers always try to influence. Marketers use persuasive marketing communications to convince the targeted audience that they should buy a given product instead of other existing brands. According to Hogg, M. A., & Cooper, J. (2003), some marketers would end up exaggerating the value offered by their products just to convince their target customers to purchase a given product. The massive advertisements that consumers come across would end up confusing them. This confusion makes it difficult to come up with an independent decision that is not skewed in any way in favor of a given brand. According to Health (2004). A buyer will always have a positive attitude towards brands that are making impact to the lives of public. A good example is the cell phone market. Apple Inc., Samsung, and Nokia are some of the top brands in the cell phone market. Each of these three brands always comes up with unique promotional messages to convince their audience that their products offer the best value. In this research project, the researcher seeks to identify concepts that one should consider when planning to purchase a cell phone. Xu, J. (2005) stated that a marketing manager must evaluate various methods of marketing with the aim of identifying the strategies which have the necessary impacts on the target audience. This way, less efficient strategies can be easily avoided to save the cost of marketing a brand or product. Research Objectives Making decisions when planning to purchase a given product is always one of the biggest challenges that individuals face when planning to buy a product. That is why many firms have come up with attractive advertisements to influence the decision of buyers in favor of their products. In most of the cases, the messages presented in the adverts are skewed, making it difficult for consumers to make the right decisions. According to Verhoef, P. C., Lemon, K. N., Morgan, R. M., Parish, J. T., &Deitz, G. (2015), most of the cases, buyers always rely on the referrals from friends and relatives when ma
The roles that women play in church leadership today have been of critical importance in enhancing performance of church ministries in both complementary and active roles. Credible studies on egalitarianism indicate that the intention of God regarding church ministry and leadership roles has been that both men and women serve in equal positions and status. Rakate points out that the perspective of biblical equality embraces skin color, religion and gender while supporting the fact that God created individuals equally with same responsibilities to serve him. 1 However, different viewpoints from complementarianism and egalitarianism on the role of women in the church have been areas of critical importance. It is against this backdrop that this paper takes a critical look at the role of women in church ministry. To begin with, the term elder in the new testament (also called presbusteros) has been used several times to refer to the seventy disciples documented in Luke 10: 1-24, to the twelve apostles in Luke 6: 12-16 as well as other individuals who were in authority and held leadership roles in a Christian assembly. Hamman points out that the term elder in the New Testament did not denote age, but represented both character and position of a person in terms of honor, experience, dignity and maturity. 2 A deacon in original biblical language ‘Diakoneo’ refers to a servant. The term has been used 34 times in the New Testament to refer to a person serving at the table with examples from Acts 6:1 and Luke 10:41. According to acts 6:3-5, the core qualifications of an individual filling the office of a deacon include good reputation, use of wisdom and manifestation of the Holy Spirit in his or her life. Other possible qualifications include being internally dynamic and good looking. On the other hand, the qualifications of an elder are too many as indicated by Paul in Titus 1: 6-9 and also in 1Timothy. They include having a good reputation, a long term convert, ability to manage household well, patient, forbearing, hospitable, teachable, respectable, sober, faithfully married to one wife and blameless of any questionable character. One of the fundamental issues in Christian ministry regarding the involvement of women in the ministry has been whether or not they should serve as deacons and elders. Paul in 1 st Timothy 2: 9-15 strongly opposes women assuming leadership roles while favoring complementarianism. He says in verse twelve of Timothy 2: 9-15 that “I do not permit a woman to teach or to exercise authority over a man; rather, she is to remain quiet.” 3 This statement has been repeated several times in 1 Corinthians 14:13, Titus 1: 6-9 and 1 st Timothy 3: 1-13 and strongly indicates that leadership positions are a domain of men. The crux of the argument is that although God created men and female to be equal, it did not imply that the roles and functions they were to carry out were to be similar. 4 Conversely, egal