ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction: Identifying the Clinical Problem Often referred to as health inequities, health disparities remain an area of concern for healthcare institutions and policymakers throughout the United States. Differential access to medical attention faced by racial and ethnic minorities is a complex issue, which continues to be on the agenda for the majority of federal health agencies. In addition, treatment modalities are another challenge, which contributes to systemic health disparities among the aforementioned group (Wilkins et al., 2020). The disproportionate burden in regards to healthcare access and quality attributed to racial minorities has been well documented for centuries, according to Atrash (2018). The widespread inequities in health status among racial and ethnic minority groups can be easily explained. Many aspects contribute to these disparities, including lower-income, lack of education, poor environmental conditions, and even certain lifestyle choices. All of these can be attributed to inequities in healthcare access and the quality of medical services provided to minorities. It is evident that race and ethnicity are complex concepts, which are often constructed and re-constructed by society as a whole or simply those in power. Thus, they lead to a tangible impact on the people who are considered “different” and are, therefore, subjected to faulted perceptions and different treatment. Although there have been some shifts for the better in terms of the attitudes white Americans have towards racial minorities, these underprivileged groups still have to battle health disparities. It is crucial to recognize that these individuals have a higher risk of developing a chronic disease, contracting AIDS, having diabetes, or dying prematurely (Zheng et al., 2017). Additionally, they often have to deal with racial profiling while visiting the medical office. Racial profiling is an alarming issue “through its disparate and adverse
Project Description The pandemic has affected the work of many areas of business associated with the gathering of people in public places. Gyms and fitness centers were also shut down, and then they changed the structure and rules of their work to ensure the safety of visitors. However, despite the changes, many people still avoid gyms and fitness centers due to fear of contamination with COVID-19 and its new strains. For this reason, the aim of our study will be to examine the changes in sports habits of people, as well as their intention to visit fitness centers in the near future. The study will also include preferred training formats and measures necessary to ensure the comfort of visitors, which is essential information for gym owners needing to adapt during a pandemic. Type of Study We will use a quantitative design structure for this research. Online tools such as e-mails and Google forms will be used to collect information, and data will be analyzed using spreadsheets and statistical analysis tools. This study refers to the primary quantitative research methods, specifically a survey of respondents. This approach is most appropriate for the topic, since it allows us to cover a relatively large sample of respondents and identify general trends among the population. Moreover, this type of research is convenient for collecting information and analysis because it does not require the personal presence of respondents and takes a short time. Target Population and Sample Size Sports and moderate physical activity are necessary for all people; therefore, the target population in this study is a fairly broad audience. However, the study will involve people who visit or have previously visited gyms and fitness centers to make it easier to gather information and weed out irrelevant requests. Thus, the target population will be current and former East Coast gyms and fitness centers’ visitors over 18 years old. The expected sample size will be 130-150 people to cover all population groups by age, gender, employment, and other socio-demographic characteristics. Sample Design and Data Collection The primary way of collecting information will be online forms. Gyms and fitness centers that will agree to participate in the study will send their current and former clients surveys via email, messengers, or SMS. Questions will be submitted in Google forms, which will be opened via a link in the message. The survey will be anonymous, and restrictions will ensure that the survey is completed only once from one phone number or email address. The sampling method will be convenience and snowball sampling, which will help attract enough people to participate in the study. Qu
Introduction In the United States, chronic heart failure is regarded as the number one cause of both the hospitalization and readmission of patients. Statistics suggest that almost half of heart failure patients are readmitted within six months of leaving the hospital. This, therefore, calls for proper outpatient management for the sole purpose of preventing readmission. Home health care visits are part of the measures taken to prevent readmission of patients especially in remote areas where the current telemonitoring and television cannot be accessed. Preventing readmissions of patients with heart failure through home health care or telemonitoring In a bid to prevent readmission of chronically ill patients, outpatient care has been attributed as one of the measures that recently discharged patients are incorporated into. The outpatient care is comprised of home health visits that are conducted by skilled health care workers. In addition to this, there has been a shift in outpatient care from home health care visits to telecommunication which is comprised of devices such as television, telemonitoring and telephone. According to a study conducted from reliable web sources that were limited to the sources of the year 2006-2010, it was discovered that in the majority of the studies “usual care” was considered to be the control group. In addition to this, no attempt was made in defining as well as measuring the “usual care”. Conclusion The majority of the studies conducted did not advocate for various types of telemonitoring modalities. This is because these studies lack sufficient data to suggest tele-devices as a cause of fewer readmissions. In a comparison of the home health care services to telecommunication devices, it was identified that telecommunication had no major advantage over home health care services. All in all the readmission of heart failure patients has been classed as a multifaceted issue.
The Situation In this case, the situation is about developing a batter marketing strategy, using perceptual maps for a product that targets a particular group of people. Perceptual maps do represent the visual aspects of the product for easy conceptualization since it provides more details about the brand (Surhone, Timpledon & Marseken, 2010). It aims at conceptualizing, capturing and maintaining a sizeable market share for the product. Therefore, it significantly helps in selling the product, identifying and finding solution to marketing simulation. Recommended Solution In using perceptual maps, the marketers have to reflect on a number of recommendations, which are vital for the success of the selling strategy (Surhone, Timpledon & Marseken, 2010). In order to solve the marketing problems, the marketer must develop a perceptual map that illustrates the product’s feature and a different one showing the attributes of the ones offered by the competitor. From the perceptual map, the marketer should explain the research ratings about his/her product’s features, in comparison with the attributes of the competitor’s brand (Surhone, Timpledon & Marseken, 2010). This is to convince the potential customers about the advantages they stand to derive from the product as opposed to the one offered by the competitors. In particular, when the perceptual map is observed objectively, the marketer chooses the best parameters to explain the product (Surhone, Timpledon & Marseken, 2010). This is critical because the customers would see the features, thereby make informed and choices. Therefore, the marketer must remain objective while addressing the marketing dynamics since the practice would definitely shape the information presented on the perceptual map. Results Under this simulation, the varied responses indicate that the brand had high and low features, of different levels depending on the customer ratings. In this case, whatever one customer thinks is a high attribute could actually be demeaned by the other client. The other result is that, using the perceptual map gives room for comparison of different or competing brands. To illustrate this perception, consider the tabulated findings bellow: Table 1 Company          Thorr Motorcycles Inc.  Haruhiro – Daisetsu Motorcycles Brand
“Describe the key elements that organizations use to make change a part of their culture”. As a means of achieving cultural change, an entity ought to familiarize itself with the diverse aspects. First, the process of change must begin with influential employees in the organization who will convince colleagues that change is significant. As such, employees ought to understand why change must occur from the cognitive viewpoint. These employees ought to facilitate the management in the distribution of company resources to areas that could profit the organization. Since change requires significant proportions of company resources, management should ensure convenience of resources before the change process proceeds. According to Jellison (2006), there should be appropriate allocation of funds for definite purposes with the intent of enhancing the change process. In addition, there must be proper planning of details of the change process; thus, avoiding confusions at the later stages of implementation. Indeed, employees must be sufficiently motivated for them to acknowledge that they are constituents of the process and enable the realization of positive results. A Reward and Recognition plan for employees should be included in the plan of the change process. They must get protection from institutional politics, which might slow the process (Jellison, 2006). There should be an evaluation of the creativity abilities amidst all employees so that the most creative employees can become leaders of task forces in the change process. Further, training of the desired cultures through hiring of professional personnel for example a Culture Manager is paramount. “Identify one company that does this well, provide a justification for your answer”. According to Ashley (2012), Chrysler Corp is a domestic automaker company, which was subject to criticism because of poor management. However, the company has experienced organizational changes over the years and is ranked the third largest in USA. Justification According to Ashley (2012), Chrysler Corp is a superior illustration of an entity that has productively implemented a culture of change. The implementation of the change process occurred through planned network, which included modifications in the make of Chrysler cars and restructuring of company operations. Chrysler Corp changed from conventional management style to a more advanced style. According to Ashley (2012), the newly established style designed five ‘smaller’ companies within the larger Chrysler Corp company in order to achieve immediate and efficient results. In addition, there was an adoption of new operations in the company like hiring Robert Eaton as company chair. There was a ban on many computer systems and a sole combined data base system was established. Further, there was an introduction of an updated technological centre in the company. Indeed, the forceful and elaborate down sizing in the company yielded immediate results. For instance, Chrysler Corp had its expenditure reduced significantly as evident in cutting down unnecessary costs. Additionally proper address of competition from other autom
Leadership is definitely the central factor of success and growth in organizations. As businesses seek to become different and develop inimitable competitive resources, leadership holds a promise to make them stronger in the face of unprecedented rivalry. Leaders compete with each other to obtain a better and stronger organizational position. However, when it comes to leadership, it is not rivalry that makes leaders productive. Collaboration is still one of the foundational pillars of successful transformational and authentic leadership, and contemporary organizational leaders must be ready to overcome numerous obstacles on their way to recognition and follower commitment. Collaboration is a buzzword in contemporary leadership research. In their model of leadership, Kouzes and Posner (1987) treat collaboration as one of the most important approaches to working with people (as cited in Northouse, 2010). In the words of Northouse (2010), “outstanding leaders are effective at working with people. They build trust with others and promote collaboration” (p. 184). Unfortunately, the meaning of the term “collaboration” remains confusing, and many leadership researchers take it for granted. According to O’Brien, Martin, Heyworth, and Meyer (2008), collaboration implies developing and using interdependent and interprofessional associations that are focused on achieving a common organizational goal. For instance, in healthcare organizations, nurses and physicians develop collaborative relations and interdisciplinary ties, in order to cross the boundaries of their professional practice and equip themselves with the knowledge and skills required to meet patients’ needs. Both transformational leadership and authentic leadership reaffirm the importance of collaboration. In the view promoted by O’Brien et al. (2008), leaders who want to be transformative must be ready to negotiate with their followers the most appropriate levels of supervision and decision making, while promoting reciprocal communication and using mentoring opportunities to facilitate followers’ adjustment to the new conditions of work. Equally, authentic leadership is one of the most promising approaches to collaboration and interdisciplinary work within organizations. Many employees feel particularly challenged to develop and maintain effective collaborative ties (Laschinger & Smith, 2013). Authentic leaders empower their followers to engage in collaborative practices with their colleagues. Being collaborative means being ready to listen to diverse viewpoints and recognize their importance with an equal degree of respect (Northouse, 2010). Most leaders are aware of the role, which collaboration plays in organizational successes. This is why it was not difficult for me to identify a leader who would teach me a good lesson of collaboration. I asked Natalie Westfield, a single mother of three children, who demonstrates outstanding leadership skills on an everyday basis, to become my interviewee. Two of her children are with special needs. She works full time for the State of Alabama and runs a non-profit organization, which assists single
Introduction The importance of determining effective ways to teach children to read is a vital issue in forming a well-educated generation. This importance led to form the national reading panel in order to research this specific area and summarize the most effective ways to teach the kids reading. This essay analyzes the findings of the national reading panel based on the publication “Put Reading First: The Research Building Blocks for Teaching Children to Read”. Analysis The findings of the national reading panel were summarized in eight different strategies that should improve and develop the reading ability in the kids. The first strategy is “Improving the Phonemic awareness” which is basically teaching the children the parts of the words that are called “phonemes” which should improve the spelling ability and help to realize the words as a block of many small parts, rather than a whole word. The second strategy is the “Phonics Instruction” which is teaching the children how to relate between the written letters and the individual sounds of the letter. Teaching this relation will help the kids to identify familiar words faster and recognize new words whether they are separated or connected within the text. The third strategy is teaching the kids “Fluency” which is a logical extension to the previous two strategies in which they were taught to identify parts of the words, then relate them to written letters, and finally, learn how to do that quickly and automatically. If taught properly the children will learn how to focus on the meanings of the text rather than decoding the words separately. The fourth strategy that was found effective in teaching reading is “Vocabulary instruction” which is teaching the children to recognize the words they are reading or pronouncing. The vocabulary is important to reading comprehension as the increase of the number of recognizable words can help the kids to advance to more complex text and recognize the meanings of the new words automatically. The next strategy is the “Text comprehension instructions” which is using specific methods to help the children understand the text they are reading. One of the concepts of teaching comprehension is to make the reader purposeful and active, and therefore several strategies were developed to tech comprehension which includes:   * Monitoring comprehension.   * Using graphic and semantic organizers   * Answering questions.   * Generating questions   * Recognizing story structure   * Summarizing Additionally, there are several methods to teach the comprehension strategies that include the following:   * Explicit teaching techniques: That includes a direct explanation in telling the students when and why to use a specific strategy while reading the text.   * Modeling: modeling a situation in which the strategy should be used in a way of “thinking aloud”   * Guided practice: The teacher assists the students throughout the learning process by giving them hints on how to apply the strategy.   * Application: Practicing a strategy until it can be used independently without the teacher’s assistance.   * Cooperative
Shoulder Instability Usually, shoulder instability happens in athletes and young people. The shoulder becomes unstable when ligaments and muscles that hold it together get stretched beyond their typical limits. Since shoulders often tighten or stiffen with age, this health problem can be a part of one’s development and growth. As for athletes, specific motions used, for example, in pitching or tackling, may cause shoulder instability. Since such movements put significant force on the shoulders, over time, they stretch ligaments. This health issue causes pain that may manifest itself gradually or quickly. Also, a person may have a weakness in the arm or a feeling of a loose shoulder. Treatment includes surgery, physical therapy, and rest. Shoulder Separation The clavicle is held to the acromion by ligaments, and when they tear, sprain, or shoulder separation may happen and cause severe pain. In this situation, the clavicle is pushed out of its place, and a bump may be formed at the top of the shoulder. Often, shoulder separation happens during a fall when a person outstretches his or her arm or hand to stop the fall. Frozen Shoulder This extreme shoulder stiffness may happen at any age, and its causes are not fully understood. This problem is faced by people with diabetes, Parkinson’s, thyroid, and heart diseases. Besides, it may occur if the shoulder has been immobile for an extended period of time or when a minor shoulder injury heals with scar tissue, which has an effect on how the joint moves. The main symptom is that a person is not able to move the shoulder painlessly in any direction. Strains or Overuse A suddenly increased activity may place significant stress on the shoulders and result in a loss of flexibility. For middle-aged people, it is a common issue, and it primarily concerns those who go out now and then for an intense sports outing instead of exercising regularly. Strains or overuse are inconvenient and painful and may be treated with stretching exercises, NSAIDs, and rest. Common Injuries of the Forearm, Elbow, Wrist, and Fingers Forearm. Radial Tunnel Syndrome Radial tunnel syndrome includes a set of certain symptoms like fatigue or aching and dull pain at the forearm’s top. The syndrome occurs because of the pressure on the radial nerve, usually when people straighten their fingers or wrists, and if the nerve is pinched anywhere along its length, it causes great pain. Radial tunnel syndrome can also cause weakness and fatigue in the muscles of the forearm and wrist. Elbow. Ulnar Neuritis. W
Summary Littlefield Technologies is a factory that produces satellite system receivers composed of specific kits of elements. The process of assembling components and making the whole product includes four steps realized at three stations. Problem Identification Littlefield aims to maximize the revenues received during the product’s lifetime. To achieve the goal and maximize profits, it is important to resolve such a problem as the necessity to minimize lead time and queues and receive the customer contract with the highest level of payment. Relevant Information The first step in resolving the identified problem is the focus on such data as the utilization rates and queue rates. These data are important for forecasting the demand and for deciding on purchasing machines and strategies realized concerning setting up the reorder point and quantity. The average number of orders per day was determined to conclude about the demand. It was calculated that the average number of customer orders was approximately 11 orders per day (Figure 1). The demand was rather stable. Figure 1. A plot of the Number of Jobs Accepted Each Day (Customer Orders). Solutions Developed  1. Minimizing queues and purchasing machines . On the fiftieth day of the factory’s work history, Station 2 and Station 3 demonstrated about 100% utilization. If the utilization is nearly 100%, and the demand is increasing or stable, it is possible to decide on purchasing machines. Machines for Station 2 and Station 3 were purchased because of the rather high waiting inventory rate. It was important to identify the cause of the high waiting rate and addressed the problem. Thus, the machines for Station 2 and Station 3 were purchased during the fiftieth day, after deterring the demand and waiting rates.  2. Addressing the order quantity. The second step was associated with addressing the order quantity. It is important to change the order quantity to the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) to minimize not only inventory costs but also ordering costs. For the fifty-sixth day, the achieved reorder quantity was 23,160 kits.  3. Choosing contracts . Thus, the team decided to change the current contract to Contract 3. As a result, it was necessary to purchase more machines for Station 1.  4. Setting up the reorder point . Changes in the number of machines led to the necessity to set