ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Sparx Ltd Case While considering the case, the primary focus should be made on the analysis of shareholders’ rights and obligations as well as general rules for attending and calling annual general meeting by company members. Hence, Vladimir, the shareholder at Sparx Ltd, possesses 30 % of company’s capital whereas his wife Anushka owns about 5 %. In this respect, two infringements can be observed concerning general rules of calling to a general meeting and concerning the infringement of the voting rights according to the Corporation Laws. In addition, Vladimir will have the right to waive the voting at general meeting because his voice was not taken into consideration while making a decision. With particular reference to the Australian Corporate Law, it is possible to gather another meeting and hold it in accordance with the established rules and procedures. Aside from legal considerations, it is possible to explain the reason for not sending notification to Vladimir, but to Anushka, because both live together and because they are married. Therefore, part of responsibilities is imposed on Anushka who failed to warn his husband about annual general meeting. Yet, initial legal liability should be taken by the Board of Directors who have neglected Vladimir’s rights as a shareholder. They should not have regarded the marital status of the couple because this issue should influence the voting procedures. When the annual general meeting is planned to be gathered, it is the board duty to send a notice to all shareholders. The notice should contain date, time, and place of the gathering with the agenda issues included into the list (Harris, Hargovan, and Adams, 2009). If the company fails to have the notice of meeting sent to its members, a waiver document should be received from a shareholder where he/she should express his/her consent approving the voting results (Harris, Hargovan, and Adams, 2009). Considering the first case, it should be stated that “all meetings require notice to be given on their occurrence and the opportunity for members to put forward a motion” (Adams, p. 84). With regard to our case, the company failed to send a notice of meeting to Vladimir and, thus, it deprived him of the right to second a motion. Moreover, in accordance with the section of 249 J, “written notice of a meeting of a company’s members must be given individually to each members entitled to vote at the meeting and to
The question of ideal beauty is one of the most controversial one for philosophers and social critics. The paper discusses the principles applied to ideal beauty and depicts the urge to classify all the world’s many things as an impulse which has received encouragement from science. The paper includes historical examples of women ideal beauty and their role in society. A special attention is given to the beauty of bodies and soul. The soul, being what it is and belonging to the world of true reality. There is no consensus among philosophers, theologians, and social critics concening ideal beauty images and the main characteristics of ideal beauty. There is nothing petty about the nature of the ideal when it comes down to the question of ends, and so the questions multiplied. The main questions often asked by philosophers are; Ought the ideal to reflect truth or beauty? Could the ideal represent both without betraying either? Were images of truth primarily educational, public, and utilitarian, or were they best kept apart for conceptual, inspirational, and private ends? In and among the issues under consideration, the position of the ideal vis-à-vis permanence is the most important to the main matter. The comfort offered by Eternal Types in a world of uncertain equilibrium was unquestionably the basis for the insistent use of female forms. Following Thesander (1997) change, contingency, and expediency are male. Continuity, stability, and principle were female. Beautiful forms are mainly aesthetic (meant to induce innocently pleasurable sensations, even if on occasion they threatened to appeal to amoral tastes), and they must be explicitly moral in order to further principles of love and virtue. Ideal beauty image requires that each generation collaboratively create and declare its own social and aesthetic standards, codes, and norms for ideal truth and beauty (Newton 1950). The ideal is a matter of individual preference, and individual since the experience of truth and beauty can neither be created nor discovered but can only — simply, amazingly –happen. For instance, modernism movement wore a harried masculine face. Classicism and serenity were feminine in feature and arrayed in the white folds of a Grecian garment. Ordinary men might want to go forth to “make” a socie
Internet usability is a very important activity that helps to improve the internet-user interface mainly by utilizing domain names. Internet usability refers to the design and positioning of a website for ease of interaction with the users. Internet usability entails such activities as web site design, human-computer interaction, Web site usability, online brands, and online marketing, among others (Bevan, Kirakowski & Maissel 1991). Domain names are an essential ingredient in the process of trying to enhance the internet- user interface. Effective domain name policy is thus important in improving internet usability. The application of domain names is different from one country to another and this may result in contradictory domain name policies, thereby inconveniencing end users. There are enormous benefits associated with improved internet usability including higher customer satisfaction, higher sales, reduced support costs, and higher productivity. Internet usability is also affected by the application of domain name policies. Available literature calls for the establishment of standards for use by domain name policy makers in their quest to enhance domain names usability. Modern day domain name policies differ markedly within a country and between countries. As a result, these contradictory policies tend to inconvenience end users, in effect reducing the certainty of the domain name of a given entity. Nielsen (2003) opines that when users are examining how credible a given destination is, they often have to use domain names. Consequently, the ability to predict these kinds of domain names is paramount. In a recent study conducted by Cutrell and Guan (2007), the researcher found out that users spent nearly a quarter of their time (25%) while online searching for various domain names on different search engines. It is important to understand the concept of usability and how it can be tested. Usability refers to the interaction between a system and / or product with the user. Usability is an assessment of the potential of a product to fulfill the objective of the user. Product usability ca
Multiculturalism in the USA is one of the main issues for the country as being inhabited by people from different ethnical groups it faces a number of difficulties. One of the main problem the USA faces is cultural assimilation. The USA seems not to have personal culture as the number of immigrants who have come to the country has affected the cultural destinations of the Native Americans and now it seems that the whole culture of the USA is a combination of different cultures which exist in the society. There are many immigrants who have come to the USA and who have almost become native inhabitants of the country. Still, there are Americans who are considered as Native ones, and there are other ethnical groups who inhabit the country, Hispanic Americans, Mexican Americans, African American, Asian Americans and several groups which appeared recently as one more ethnical group in the USA. Hispanic Americans group is the most varied one as it comprises a number of ethnic groups. Speaking about Hispanic Americans, it should be stated that this ethnic groups stands between Euro-Americans and African Americans, however, the social status of them is not too high than African Americans’ one. Being socially and economically unprotected in the USA, Hispanic Americans do not strive for better lives. Having escaped for a number of countries, from hunger and violence, many Hispanic Americans lead poor lives in the USA, however, they are sure that such life is much better than the life in their countries. Hispanic American population is divided into the groups, Mexican Americans (67%), Puerto Rican Americans (9%), Cuban Americans (4%), Dominican Americans (2%), Central American Hispanics (7%), South American Hispanics (5%) and other Hispanic groups in the USA (8%). Depending on the specific belonging, Hispanic Americans live in different regions of the USA. Of course, it is possible to meet Mexican Americans all over the USA, however, their greatest concentration is in Los Angeles. Considering the reasons why these people came to the USA, the first and the greatest wave of legal and illegal immigration of Hispanic Americans was because of the war regime in the countries of their origin. Various revolutions and civil wars made people run away from their countries. Search for better education and job were other reasons for coming to a strange country. However, the life of Hispanic Americans in the USA is not that easy as it
Abstract The purpose of this dissertation shall be to evaluate the impacts that the Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) have towards the reduction of exploitation of the workers in China. The undertaking shall focus on both domestic and foreign entities which have invested in the various regions across the country and analyze the extent to which these policies are applicable and effective in relation to safe guarding employees against exploitation by their employers. The evaluation shall be done through the use of interviews and questionnaires where various workers and employers from different companies shall be encouraged to participate in a bid to find the source of the problem, and thereafter suitable solutions for the same. The study shall utilize the descriptive correlation method of research to effectively provide answers to the following question: To what extend do FDI reduce exploitation of Chinese workers? Average mean shall be used to pin point the major concerns raised by the participants in regard to the working conditions, payments and safety protocols presented to them by their companies during their employment period. Data collected shall at the end help in establishing the extent to which these FDIs are beneficial or not to the overall welfare of the workers in China. Introduction Background of the Study There has been an increase in the number and frequency of complains concerning the poor treatment of workers in most industries in China over the past few decades as compared to other nations (Aitken, 1996). The issues that have been raised include poor working conditions, meager pay, child labor and overworking of the workers. Gills (2002, p. 157) suggest that in the 80’s, an estimated 80% of all workers in the local and multinational garment industries in China were experiencing some form of exploitation. These employees were faced with various challenges such as sexual harassment, poor pay and pathetic working conditions. This situation has over the years escalated to worrying levels due to the governments neglect to impose strict labor policies to these industries. This is partly due to their need to protect the profit base that comes with inward FDI’s. Consequently, increased interest has been developed by policy makers towards the transformation of the rules and r
Introduction Public personnel administration comprises the acquisition, development, utilization, and compensation of the workforce in the public organizations. Problems that arise from globalization, shifting technology, and customer demands, among other factors, characterize the modern business environment. This set of circumstances requires well-informed public personnel. This essay provides an insight into challenges such as legal oversight and judicial doctrines, strategic civil service reforms, affirmative action and diversity, representative bureaucracy, and democracy that are encountered in public personnel administration. Legal Oversight and Judicial Doctrines Issues that pertain to legal oversights and judicial doctrines have been challenging the public personnel administration due to tremendous changes that occur in information technology, globalization, and market economies. Most people in the public domain are reluctant to accept various public administrations as they are fond of adopting active and aggressive roles in organizations that assume radical reforms regarding government accountabilities (Farazmand, 2007). A credit is given to the public in the current society that has raised the bar for policymakers to perform a high level of productivity and quick actions in the public administration (Farazmand, 2007).The legal oversight authorities have ensured that the public personnel administration acts according to the stipulated laws since everybody, including the private sectors, only act genuinely if the public upholds transparency (Farazmand, 2007). According to Kellough and Selden (2003), many organizational unions have no relationship with the state of reforms that exist in the public personnel administration. Such reforms include the decentralization of activities, management of labor and partnerships, and strategic management, various job classes, and payment levels (Kellough & Selden, 2003).Most personnel in the public sector strive to respond to the pressure of high productivity and efficiency besides becoming the role models in labor-management relations (Farazmand, 2007). Market models under the regulations that exist have resulted in high costs of operations amongst businesses. Most of the businesses that operate under capitalism and the free market economies boost their private enterprises by easing the burden of the stipulated regulations (Farazmand, 2007). On the other hand, the public sector has to bear with the consequences of many regulations; hence, the management becomes cumbersome to compete with the private sectors (Donald, John, & Jared, 2010). Public personnel administration challenges organizational leaders in cases that involve strict adherence to the institutional laws that govern productivity (Kellough & Selden, 2003). Strategic Civil Service Reforms Most bureaucracies focus on civil service reforms by addressing failures at the various administrative levels. In the current global scenario, most civil service reforms are driven by inverse diffus
Crisis Communication at Domino’s Pizza In April 2009, Michael Setzer and Kristy Hammonds posted a “viral” video on YouTube. “The video showed one of the employees putting cheese in his nose while preparing sandwiches for delivery” (Clifford, 2009). Within a few hours, more than one million viewers had already viewed the video on YouTube. Although the employees revealed that they did not deliver the contaminated food to the customers, the company chose to fire them and opened felony charges against them (Clifford, 2009). It is agreeable that the incidence damaged the company’s reputation. After the executives at the organization learned about this damaging video, they decided to keep calm instead of acting immediately (Clifford, 2009). Although the executives confirmed that they were doing everything possible to handle the situation, the outstanding fact was that they took more than 48 hours to respond. That being the case, it is agreeable that the organization’s reaction was quite slow and unacceptable. “The company chose to create a new Twitter account to address the customers’ comments” (Clifford, 2009). This communication strategy was unnecessary because the company was facing a major threat from the consumers and its competitors. The executives at the organization realized that it was necessary for them to have done something more than just responding to the situation alone. That being the case, the organization should have responded immediately and aggressively instead of hoping that things would settle down after a short time. By so doing, the company would have addressed the issue in a proper manner and inform the customers about the actions taken against the two culprits (York, 2009). Finally, the company should have apologized for the situation and promise its clients that it was dedicated to continually delivering the best food products in the future. Crisis Communication at Global Village The second case explains how Global Village in Dubai failed to implement the best safety measures and precautions. On 24th of January 2013, an Emirati by the name Faleh Hasan Al Habsi died after a metal piece landed on him. Faleh was walking with his cousin at the time of the accident. “After the accident took place, the wheel continued to turn for almost half an hour” (Gokulan, 2013). The victim was only 37 years old and a father of seven children. From the nature of this case, it would be agreeable that the organization did not embrace the best communication strategies to safeguard the lives of the people who visited the “village”. After the accident took place, the organization did not undertake any immediate measures to address the matter. Afterward, the officials at the organization failed to comment on the matter for some time. However, the company stated that there were investigations to examine the nature of t
Introduction Assessment is very effective in as far as enhancing learning is concerned. This is especially so when learning is characterized by a cycle of feedback and adjustments. It is very important to understand this concept on assessment because education assessment ought to be applied in the most suitable way as possible to cater for all the needs of the students. Poor application of assessment method during learning affects the learning process and jeopardizes learners’ achievement. There are various kinds of assessment methods, which if professionally and appropriately implemented, are associated with various benefits. This paper aims at bringing into light the models behind assessment thereby giving insight on how assessment should be adeptly put in place to enhance effective learning and students’ achievement in the classroom. Discussion The initiative by Christian Alliance College to enhance teaching and learning through assessment is workable. This is because assessment is very useful in identifying gaps present during learning and teaching, and in bridging these gaps. The need to enhance teaching and learning is due to the fact that the students lack the confidence required while reading and making presentations. In addition, the current learning culture does not allow the students to improve because they are under negative pressure from their peers. They also are unable to improve based on self-assessment. Teachers fail to engage in interesting assessment strategies due to lack of time, and too many responsibilities. Regardless of this fact, constructive alignment is the initial step where curriculum goals are defined and learning assessed against these goals. The program by Christian Alliance College is cost-effective in that it is flexible enough to avoid redesigning of a new programme in future. This is because the programme’s design can accommodate expansion and upgrading of content (Project details). The different kind of assessment intended to be put in place are very useful in covering the diversified needs of students/learners. Peer assessment is effective when a predefined assessment criterion is available. It is very important for teachers to ensure that learners are able to effectively use assessment criteria and properly take part in peer-assessment activities. It is after successfully achieving this that teachers should introduce the self-assessment task. It is the manner in which the two are employed that matters, as well as the definition of the assessment criterion for such methods of assessment. It should be an objective process that does not criticize but, identifies gaps that require filling (Jones, 2005; Popham, 1998). Lesson planning and analysis is an initiative that is very essential in identifying and determining the most feasible learning /teaching activities that would help achieve curriculum goals and objectives. Before conducting lesson planning, there is need for both the students and teachers to be fully aware and understand the curriculum goals so that all decisions are made with reference to these goals. Lessons are prepared in accorda
Introduction Brief History Simmons manufacturing company was established by Zalmon Gilbert Simmons who was an entrepreneur. Simmons desire to establish the company was due to the introduction of machine which could weave wire mattresses (Edmondson 2). He successfully managed his manufacturing company until his death in 1910 when his son took over from him. By that time the company was diversified as it operated in countries across the world. Later the company was taken over by other managers who were not part of Simmons family. In other words, there was a succession of many CEOs who managed the company. As a result of this, Simmons went through several transitions that negatively affected its production. During those troubling times, Simmons was run by Charlie Eitel who was the CEO of the company (Edmondson 5). It was because of many problems that triggered Eitel to propose a program known as Great Games of Life (GGOL). The GGOl was however not positively received by top managers and employees who were very hostile towards it. Since every one doubted and opposed GGOL, an experiment was carried out at Charlotte, one of Simmons plants. This was done by implementing the program at the plant in order to test its effectiveness. Eventually, GGOL proved to be effective although initially it was not welcomed positively by employees (Edmondson 4). Why Simmons should roll out the GGOL Ideally, as the world is going through tough economic times, there is need for business sectors to adopt change in order to survive in the competitive market. Change is very essential especially when it bears positive results. Narrowing down to Simmons case study, it was a logical move for Eitel to propose the GGOL program was meant to improve production at Simmons. His new ideology about GGOL was geared towards expanding Simmons while making it a place which could satisfy everyone including employees and customers (Edmondson 5). Basically, GGOL program should be rolled out by Simmon as it had proved effective at Charlotte plant. Tremendously, Charlotte managed to improve hence it was awarded as Plant of the year among the rest. Clearly, this is an indication that the program could also perform so well in other plants. Managers at Simmon need to recognize the need for change as it would bring positive results