ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The article explores the theory behind singularity in relation to the rapid advances in technology being experienced in the modern world. One of the broad assumptions of singularity is that there will be a very thin line between nature and technology within a few decades to come. In other words, technology and nature will eventually operate on a singular or common platform. Even the other definitions that have been attached to the concept of singularity tend to associate the term with future dangers and threats that will be posed by technology. While technology has become a necessity in the contemporary world, it is vital to mention that it may also be a threat towards humanity if not applied appropriately. For example, the article highlights how technology is being used to carry out cloning. This is apparently one of the worst decisions by scientists, bearing in mind that any attempt to interfere with the natural biological processes is grossly unethical. It can be recalled that the practice of human cloning was publicly condemned by President Clinton way back in 1998. He lamented that scientific inquiry could not be used to manipulate the natural course of human creation. He also argued that human cloning was touching on spiritual and moral matters. Even though some political leaders have come out strongly to condemn human cloning, the practice is still being elevated within the field of science. It appears that there is lack of proper political leadership and goodwill to end the practice. Perhaps, it is pertinent to explore why human cloning should be prohibited at all costs. To begin with, the diversity of genes is a critical aspect towards the sustainability of human life on this planet. This diversity can only be attained from parents who definitely have unique genes. In the case of human cloning, genes are specifically selected with the aim of producing the desired offspring. This is the worst part of using genes that are identical. Even though technology may permit us to do so, the end product will have a weaker adaptation power. This will consequently lead to higher susceptibility to infections. This scientific knowledge will also lower the diversity of genes. Human cloning technology will primarily facilitate production of identical human beings. This implies that the new category of human beings will be easily affected by similar types of disease causing organisms. It will thus culminate into immense disaster since a single pathogen will be able to cause massive deaths of the cloned human beings. In other words, cloning will provide a clear path towards extinction of mankind from this planet. Extinction will also be made possible by inbreeding among human beings using the same genotypes. Human cloning will lead to singularity in the sense that there will be no difference between the natural process of production and artificial production. This will indeed one way of transgressing the nature. The best way of production is throu
Despite of her degenerate personality, dissolute desires, frivolous fantasies and her misdoings, Stanley Kowalski does not have the right to show disrespect towards Blanche DuBois simply because of their differences in terms of cultural background, and to set up her ultimate downfall. A streetcar named desire might have never taken us to the capturing experience of watching several people’s lives and their final tragedy if there has not been the so-called Southern Gothic Movement. Or, should I say better, there would have not been any Southern Gothic Movement if the famous streetcar had not started its route? The movement began its pace in the southern part of the US in 1930ies and can be traced to 1950ies when it begins to cease. The very movement brings back the fleur of the England of the XVIII century, to “Southern-Gothic imp of Poe-etic perverse” (Simon 83) with all its ideas of Gothic culture and the features that are due only to the gothic genre, very sharp and gloomy, the idea of a human life inevitably ending in death dominating. (Smith 63) The pessimistic spirit aside, the new genre gave the writers the opportunity to explore the secrets of life in the calm and reserved way that the slow XVIII century had brought. That was what A Streetcar Named Desire and the rest of the wonderful literature novelties appeared. Carrying the spirit of hopes fallen and the people broken down by the hand of doom, they showed that there could be things that even the weaker people had to face and that there was practically nothing to be afraid of now, in the stagnate times. Tennessee Williams was one of those to explore the new vision of the world with the great care and with the hope that people will finally be in time for their streetcar to take them to the place unknown. His works are shot through with the feeling that the world is shattering to pieces, but those survived could see the better place. So Tennessee writes, and he writes a lot. And with the sincerity of a man who has learned to tell the truth from a lie, he shares his knowledge and his idea as long as he can. Of course, you might say that, being dead for a long time, he cannot share any idea with us. Bu he can. These are his stories that do. Take a streetcar to 1930. Being a woman is a tough luck, and being a pretty woman is a constant torment. Tennessee explains it just fine in his play. He makes it clear that she is always facing a danger of a shame and a danger of g
Designing a social networking framework for a learning institution requires some thought into the merits of the service and a suitable integration process. As regards our particular case, where we wish to harness the power of social networking for the benefit of the university community, a number of considerations must be taken into account. In this proposal, I evaluate the value of social networking services (SNS) and proceed to explore the product development cycle as a suitable approach for introducing social media services. The importance of social networking services to young people is quite evident, with communication and sharing of content being the major uses of these services. The use of Facebook and other localized social media around the world has been rising since their invention. Facebook, for instance, has over one billion users worldwide. What are the opportunities presented by such high usage of social networking services by young people to your institution? There is no doubt that the communicative potential presented by social media can be harnessed in powerful ways by learning institutions, thereby reaping certain benefits. First, social networking services (SNS) can be used to leverage and complement formal education activities and enhance learning. Particularly, SNS can be incorporated into e-learn
Introduction West Nile Virus, abbreviated as WNV, is a virus borne by a vector. Being zoonotic by nature, the virus may be transmitted between species. This phenomenon is also referred to as anthroponosis or reverse zoonosis. This virus is naturally maintained in a transmission cycle between the mosquito and the bird. The species of mosquitoes that are involved include the Culex pipiens , Culex quinquefasciantus, and Culex tarsalis . The natural reservoir hosts for the virus are the birds. When infected, the birds develop a high level of the infection such that mosquitoes that come to feed become infected. Some mosquitoes become ill after the infection and die. However, some survive from the infection. With time, they develop permanent immunity and are not affected. Man is considered the dead-end host. For this reason, they are infected but do not develop high levels of the infection that would cause subsequent infection of the feeding mosquitoes (Lindsey, Staples, Lehman, & Fischer, 2010). Due to the nature of the virus and its infections, thorough study on WNV is required. Studies are required to investigate the various ways to contain the virus and reduce its infection rates. Several studies have been done before and the results are alarming. Another reason why studies on the virus are necessary is due to the fact that approximately 80% of all infections are asymptomatic. These kinds of infections are also referred to as subclinical infections. This means that after infection by the virus, an individual may show no symptoms whatsoever. This characteristics make WNV deadly since an infected person may not show any noticeable symptoms and therefore unknowingly spread the infection to others. At this point also, the infection might have caused great harm since the individual would not be under medication. Another reason for the need for further studies is due to its increasing trend and the fact that it affects a large percentage of the population. The virus was ones located in a single area in Africa but has spread systematically to other regions and is now present globally. Thousands of cases of both neuroinvasive and non-neuroinvasive WNV disease have been reported in several states in the world. Several studies have been done to assess the public health impact of the WNV disease. Risk factors have also been determined through sound research. Studies have also identified the populations that are at high risk for infections. Descriptive Epidemiology In 1937, t
Healthcare Concern Nurses have historically been at the forefront of revolutionizing healthcare. However, in today’s United States, their potential might not be used to the fullest due to too many challenges faced by the nursing workforce. Buerhaus et al. (2017) state that the dire situation can be broken down into four key issues. As reported by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, the United States has the largest nursing workforce in the world, and yet it does not meet its residents’ demands (Buerhaus et al., 2017). Buerhaus et al. (2017) ascribes such drastic discrepancy to demographic trends, such as the aging of the baby boom generation, which is associated with geriatric care and a surge in age-related diseases. On top of that, a significant number of registered nurses retire, and the shortages are not replenished by young specialists. Lastly, the authors point out the uneven distribution of physicians and the uncertainty of health care reform outcomes. Initiative I: Introducing Nursing Assistants So far, the US government has attempted to address the workforce issues in a variety of ways, though not always adequately. For instance, nursing assistants have been introduced ubiquitously to lighten nurses’ workload by assigning some work responsibilities. However, as proven by Duffield et al. (2019), the addition of assistance has been associated with poorer patient outcomes and has not been generally helpful. Initiative II: Funding Nursing Education As for staff shortages, White et al. (2017) report that undergraduate nursing education in the United States receives funding through two streams. These are Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 and Nursing Workforce Development Programs under Title VIII of the Public Health Service Act of 1944. Yet, the government does not have a workforce planning capacity due to its complicated, decentralized, mixed public-private structures. The situation became even more unfavorable after 2016 presidential elections when President Trump advocated against the Affordable Care Act and proposed the elimination of $400 million in nursing training programs. The American Nursing Association (n.d.) emphasizes the need for a health reform that
Scientifically, the genetic constitution of a person authenticates his/her personal trait or character. Similarly, the characteristics of a domestic animal are crucial in the agricultural sector. Genetic experts work tirelessly to produce animals with high milk content, wool, or quality meat among others. Consequently, the society coined the term eugenic, which means selective reproduction of desired traits in a person. Categorically, positive eugenic is the promotion or retention of hereditary characteristics, which everybody yearns for, while negative eugenics call for the abolishment of people with unwanted traits. The practice of eugenics produces a quality, intelligent, and healthy population even in the agricultural sector. Most professionals like sociologist, physicians, economists, and demographic experts advocate for eugenics. However, what is the moral and ethical implication of the practice? The following discussion expounds the two classes of eugenics highlighting their effects to the society. According to the advocates of the positive eugenics, eugenic retains good heritable traits in the human species by encouraging reproduction among groups (Curell and Cogdell 203). Encouraging positive eugenic was to make sure that, only physically, mentally, and psychologically fit people intermarried. Consequently, there was an assumption that the offspring would have the parental traits (hereditary). An example of positive eugenics is whereby only men and women with distinct, attractive features like hair and eyes have the right to reproduce. Unfortunately, the people with the so-called desirable traits may have recessive genes, which become dominant later in their lineage. According to Watson, mapping a human genome is not an easy task as the society thinks (202). Mutations and environment are some of the aspects, which may alter a desired gene. Therefore, a critical assessment of personal genes and family history or hereditary traits is the main process of promoting a healthy population. The major aim of positive eugenics was to increase the size of a quality population or the human race. The use of sophisticated reproduction measures makes sure only couples with specific traits breed. Inspiration talks, voluntary measures, campaigns, and shows to display the desired human traits are some of the methods applied to promote positive eugenics. On the other hand, there are restrictions, reproduction rights against couples who have physical disabilities like dwarfism, and health defects like sickle cell (Dikotter “Imperfect Conceptions” 200). In addition, social traits like homosexuality, criminals, and r
Word processors are programs specifically designed to manipulate text. In other words, word processors are commonly used in typing, editing, formatting, and possibly printing the final document. Since computers and other technologies were invented, students’ lives like many other groups of people have gradually been altered. Indeed, computers have simplified students’ learning process. According to Hawisher et al, (1996.p.68), computers have not only helped students do research, but have also provided a platform for efficiency. Students can do their research conveniently using the internet and word processing programs. Further, by incorporating internet tools such as search engines, students can access a wide range of resources since “search engines” have become digital libraries. Word programs have strongly developed and expanded knowledge of; students, professionals, and researchers thus contributing to the amicable discharge of their responsibilities Hawisher et al., (1996, p. 204). Creative or composition writing is one area used to determine the impact of word processors on students. Creative writing has utilized students’ creativity by providing facilities such as spell checkers, vocabulary, and idioms among others. This is in contrast with conventional methods, for example, a pen and paper. It is easy to rate students’ performance using word processing programs than say using traditional methods. Besides, easy access, availability, and strong support in learning institutions have contributed to the widespread use of word processing programs among students. Habitual use has created dependency, thus encouraging laziness among students. Research by Shelly et al (2009, p.97), indicates that advanced features encompassed in word processing programs such as an integrated dictionary, synonyms, among other useful utilities, simplify students’ thinking thus, encouraging laziness. Educators contend that templates, when used by students in automatically checking, correcting, or formatting documents, can help students strengthen their grammar basics. Word programs can aid students’ load by allowing them to concentrate more on topics that need urgency, thus improving efficiency and grades. According to Woolfolk (1996, p.222), some students assert that “word processing programs” are a blessing since they can help students exceed deadlines in the sense that it simplifies typing, editing, and formatting thereby saving a lot of time. Contrary, student laziness may be learned more from texting; where they quickly get used to avoiding capitalization, punctuation, and other grammar requirements. Over the years, students’ ability to edit written work has gone down; this can be partially credited to the ease of using word processing software (Shelly et al., 2009, p.69). Since most learning and other institutions adopt word processing programs, it is a necessity for each student to master tools that confirm his or her writing skills. Word
Introduction Elementary education has undergone remarkable growth over the last three decades in the enrollment of the underprivileged societal groups like ethnic, cultural, linguistic, and economic minorities. Due to the rise in the enrollment of learners from the underprivileged groups, learning institutions have largely become diverse. Apparently, schools currently have been hit by a myriad of complex emerging issues and challenges. This aspect requires the relevant authorities to address the rising needs and objectives of diverse learners. This paper will examine and discuss challenges the impact of marriage on the education of children. The paper will predict and suggest what policymakers and school authorities should do in a bid to curb the negative effects emerging from this issue. The tenacious exclusion practices by teachers, school bureaucracies, and society concerning the underachieving students’ socio-economic, cultural, and political perceptions greatly influence the learners’ capabilities (Cherubini, Hodson, Manley‐ Casimir & Muir, 2010). The assumption that schools are for boys and girls are for marriage is retrogressive; unfortunately, it persists in the contemporary society across the world. This perception largely contributes to early marriages amongst school going girls. This paper will show that early marriages influence children’s education in many ways and the practice has contributed to increased school dropouts especially amongst girls, thus creating a barrier to social justice and personal development. Overview Given the significant impacts that early marriage has had on education, this paper builds on the available recent research to establish the extent of early marriage and its impacts on the lives of children. This paper conducts an extensive inquiry to gather information from multi-disciplinary academic articles related to this topic. In addition, the paper incorporates the existing information to build on new and consistent knowledge. Since child development and learning adjustment is a crucial process for both girls and boys, this paper will adopt a balanced model to analyze the impacts of exposing children to early marriages at the cost of their education. According to Nguyen and Wodon (2012), demographic and health surveys indicate that girls and boys below 18 years of age are too young to be involved in marital and reproductive transitions. This tendency contributes to school dropouts or slow intellectual progress, thus lowering their education prospects substantially. The current statistics Table 1 below shows data on trends in the occurrence of child marriage for girls below the age of 18 years. This data indicates that child marriage is decreasing, but at a slow pace, and thus the prospect of eliminating early marriage remains elusive. The data show that different income groups influence early marriages with less developed countries recording more cases as compared to their developed counterparts. Table 1: Trends in Child Marriage
The concept of networking focuses on relationship building that is a critical skill, especially in the context of the contemporary ever-changing world, setting new challenges and opportunities in the field of communication. There is a wide range of networking forms that are, however, may be divided into tete-a-tete socialization and group networking. Depending on their own peculiarities, situation requirements, and other factors, people may change their approaches. In my point of view, I tend to use the group approach more frequently rather than one-to-one communication. It is possible to note that my network consists of peers, people with business knowledge, experienced professional, social contacts, and so on. At the same time, I try to involve people with different background, gender, ethnicity, and cultural views as I support diversity and understand that it is rather important in today’s globalized world that tends to blur boundaries between different cultures. Interestingly, people having different perspectives and backgrounds benefit my experience as I learn the issues we discuss from different angles, considering them from various approaches. For example, recently, when we discussed the raise of organic cosmetics, some people argued that it should completely exchange traditional cosmetics, while others objected that there are some disadvantages such as the short period of storage that would not allow it prevail over non-organic products. A range of question was asked and answered while all the participants paid attention to each other’s attitudes, showing their respect and readiness to ponder over the opposite opinion. Thus, I learned that the mentioned issue has both positive and negative aspects that need to be considered in detail to understand the situation. My networking is built on the use of different ways, including online and offline platforms. First of all, I prefer to participate in online meetings and conferences as it is easier to access them from any place at a given time. These events usually do not require additional costs. Using virtual contacts, one may access “sites that have a strong networking component, such as professional associations, alumni organizations, message boards, and on-line communities” (“Relationship-Building: Networking”). Along with the mentioned sites, my social networking involves Facebook, Linkedln, etc., the members of which may provide immediate feedback trough discussion groups, forums, and private chats. Second, I attend meetings on campus to communicate with my peers and also meet new people. However, I believe that my offline networking needs to be improved to become more productive. In his article, Gullo pinpoints the scene from Sideways film, where Miles, one of the main characters explains the other one the value of Pinot: “It’s not a survivor like Cabernet, which can just grow anywhere and thrive even when it’s neglected. No, Pinot needs constant care and attention”. In fact, they discuss human relationships through this metaphor, symbolizing deep