ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Through the years, the issue of changing the legal driving age in the United States is a strong basis for hot polemics among the representatives of varied policy making organizations within the country. Numerous points are taken into consideration by the proponents of changing the legal driving age including stricter regulations in this area existing in European countries. Of course, the main reason behind the position of proponents of raising the legal driving age is their safety concerns. In particular, the representatives of this party of the argument support their initiatives by stating that the most frequent reason of deaths among young teenagers in the country is car accidents. They explain such statistics by physical and psychological immaturity of teenagers causing them to have temporary personality characteristics which are not combinable with participating in road traffic. The other party in this argument strives to prove that the reason of the above-mentioned car accidents is not in the immaturity of young drivers but in their inexperience. The opponents of raising the legal driving age try to prove that in case the driving age will be raised, it will simply shift the problem to an older age category of beginners at road traffic. In the following paper, the issue of changing the legal driving age in the United Stated in order to raise the level of safety on the roads will be examined. Generally, the evaluation of the facts shows that drivers in the early age do not possess important qualities which would help them to be adequate participators of road traffic. First of all, speaking about the issue of the legal driving age raising in the United States, some important statistics which is rife in connection to this issue is to be examined. According to Safety Group Wants to Raise Driving Age (par.1), ‘the number one cause of death among teenagers is automobile crashes’ in the United States. One sadder pointer of the danger of driving at an early age can be seen in the following comment, ‘road crashes are the biggest killer of those aged 15 to 24, with 23young drivers and passengers killed or seriously injured every day’ (Massey 1). This very reason appears to be enough to reconsider the legal driving age in the country. ‘The U.S. is now almost alone among industrialized countries in letting 16-year olds drive. Most of Europe as well as China, Japan, Russia and Brazil allow people to start driving at age 18’ (Safety Group Wants to Raise Driving Age par.2). Such situation in the other countries of the world described in this comment suggests that it is high time for the United Stated to reconsider its driving age policy as the general tendency in this area which can be observed in the world is quite different from the situation in the country. With regards to this, an
Introduction Information security has turned out to be a very crucial aspect of the aviation sector. Furthermore, transborder regulations, including Safe Harbor and OECD, play an important part in fostering the security of information in the field of aviation. Safe Harbor regulations provide a description of the existing different payments and practices. Even though such a role violates the Federal anti-kickback statute, it is not considered a criminal offense. The OECD monitors the extent to which information and communications technologies (ICTs) influence the sustainability of economic growth and people’s social well-being in the modern world. As a result, this paper finds it crucial to investigate various laws and enforcement efforts that influence data communications and information security in the aviation sector. Best Practices Concerning How Different Aspects of Laws and Compliance Affect the Aviation Industry Regarding Data Communications The area of data communications focuses on ensuring information security in this industry. Particularly, the available data communications programs emphasize the need for providing services that enhance interactions between air traffic controllers and pilots. Such data communications services facilitate the issuance of clearances, instructions, the management of traffic flows, and flight crew requests as well as reports (Federal Aviation Administration, 2017). Various rules and regulations established by agencies such as the FAA support the adoption of best practices that foster the implementation of data communications in the aviation sector. The existing policies demand the implementation of various ICTs, which help to facilitate the sharing of data in the aviation sector thereby enhancing digital communications between pilots and air traffic controllers (Federal Aviation Administration , 2017). Embracing data communications safety is another best practice influenced by aviation laws and regulations such as Safe Harbor. For instance, laws and regulations provided by the U.S. and EU agencies in the aviation sector underscore the need for adopting a culture of information security in aircraft operations and management practices. Moreover, the documentation of internal communications safety standards is a practice influenced by the existing laws and regulations. These policies encourage companies in the aviation industry to comply with principles that have been established to govern data communications. The Impact of Air Transport Regulatory Compliance on Security Controls Compliance with air transport regulations influences various aspects of security controls such as personnel safety, media protection, and physical defense. The National Airspace System (NAS) has called for the establishment of frameworks that focus on protecting crew and ground personnel (Park, Khadilkar, Balakrishnan, & Tomlin, 2014). In addition to prioritizing the safety of passengers, air transport regulations require industry participants to have measures that guarantee personnel protection (Wong & Brooks, 2015). Companies that abide by the aviation industry’s regulations are protected from security risks associated wi
Mythology, which served as the basis for ancient poetry, especially for tragedy, receives its interpretation from each tragedian. Sophocles used the myth of the unfortunate King Oedipus in the plot of his drama to show the clash of the will of the gods and man’s choice. Sophocles shows the strength of character, the desire of a person to direct life at will. Sometimes a person cannot avoid troubles conceived by the gods, but the reason for these troubles is the character manifested in actions leading to the fulfillment of the will of the gods. Oedipus the King has his own character traits, which are also inherent in the heroes of other works and people from real life. King Oedipus is an example of bravery, as he saved Thebes from the monster that oppressed the city. He states: “But I Who rank myself as Fortune’s favorite child…” (Sophocles, 1081). Oedipus feels his responsibility for the fate of people, for his homeland, and is ready to do everything to stop the pestilence in the country. Thinking only of the state’s good, he suffers at the sight of the citizens ‘ distress. The intemperate nature of Oedipus was the reason for the murder of an older man on the road. It was enough for the driver to push Oedipus, as he, not controlling himself, hit him. Oedipus knows how to feel deeply since suffering from a crime is more terrible than death. He is guilty before his parents, before his children born in a sinful marriage. For this guilt, although involuntary, King Oedipus severely punishes himself. Some of the character traits of King Oedipus are also inherent in modern people, for example, the ruler of Pakistan, Pervez Musharraf. He, like Oedipus, is characterized by periodic outbursts of anger, which are especially clearly manifested in communication with other people. Oedipus claims: “When a man has no fear of doing the act, he’s not afraid of words.” (Sophocles, 625). King Oedipus and the President of Pakistan are similar in that they are wise and strong rulers, as well as a complex sharp character. The difference between these people is how they were overtaken by death. Hamlet is killed by a poisoned blade, and Musharraf was sentenced to death. William Sh
Introduction Learning is not only a fundamental objective of education but also an intricate attribute that facilitates training. An explicit understanding of training relays the use of various strategies targeting driving ideas into another person. These strategies could incorporate activities, experiments, teachings, motivations, field studies, and individual practices, among others. They are used to internalize skills applicable when reading, presenting, listening, examining, answering questions, and solving problems. All these activities play a vital role in individuals who are learning. Therefore, problem-solving is amongst the skill that learners must understand well for their educational works and life issues. Consequently, this training will pay particulate attention to problem-solving. In a bid to establish this training, the strategies identified will be described and evaluated in accordance with the outcomes expected. Rationale Problems are common and diverse in the education system. They range from unanswered questions that learners have tried to answer without progress. Robertson (2001) described precisely that although a question might not be a problem when an answer is available, it becomes a problem when an individual cannot provide an answer. This allegation portrays the distinction existing between the term question and problem. Furthermore, it clarifies that a problem could be a hard or difficult question to answer. Probably, the answer could have valid uncertainty or doubts. Learning requires techniques to solve these problems strategically when reviewing past papers and performing personal assessments. Additionally, problem-solving skills equip a learner with the necessary strategies and step by step techniques to answer examination questions. Problem-solving is quite common in mathematical operations and continues to integrate into other subjects. Research arises to provide solutions from a predetermined problem or a question that requires an answer. Therefore, it is apparent that training learners about solving problems are entirely critical for proper studies. Also, there are life problems that a learner might solve using step by step problem-solving techniques. For instance, whenever a family the problem arises to a trained person, s/he could identify and evaluate the repercussion of the decisions made. What if a man needs to divorce hi outs wife due to unfaithfulness? It can be identified that divorce will leave children without one parent. This could direct the divorcing individuals on finding a satisfactory solution for the sake of their daughters. Although this could just be a less significant problem, there are many life issues that
Introduction The founders of Rome appear to have lived in heroic poverty, sacrificing the little they had to ensure that the empire prospered. However, their successors who had not participated in the struggle to make the empire big and wealthy did not face any pressure to exercise austerity (Brown 57). The new Rome became famous for ostentatious parties and a shared sense of enthusiasm in the high and low classes, who lived a laxer way of life (Brown 57). As this essay shows, the main reason for the fall of Rome was the lack of financial austerity. The empire grew too big and allowed corruption to reign. It also failed to become innovative in its economic sectors to survive the eventual loss of revenue and gold reserves. When observed in another way, the primary cause of the collapse was the conflict between the need to manage wealth and the desire to spend it. Moreover, there was a conflict between those who invaded the city and those who lived in the city. Rome also fell because it was expanding. It experimented with the delegation of power to other entities that were not originally Roman, thereby causing the primary ideals and identities, as well as central control of Rome to disappear. Another argument for the fall of Rome is that it did not fall due to an invasion, but it disappeared after losing relevance and being replaced with other civilizations (Ward-Perkins 47-50). This paper will stick to the idea of an actual fall that happened after about 500 years of running as the world’s greatest superpower (Andrews par. 1). The Main Reasons for the fall of Rome The major reasons for the collapse of Rome are discussed below. First, there was a persistent invasion of the Barbarian tribes. The prosperity of Rome attracted other civilizations around it, who wanted to overthrow the empire (Thompson 17). They opted to use military invasions to take a part of the empire. They did this from all sides, encroaching a little of the empire’s territory at a time. On its part, the empire did everything possible to keep the invaders away (Andrews par 2). German-speaking groups surrounded the Roman Empire. They fought each other and sometimes colluded to fight the Roman Empire (Heather 54). Each conquest of the group
Although excessive alcohol use is not in any way a geographically isolated health problem, a report released in 2013 revealed that heavy alcohol consumption particularly among the adult population was turning out to be one of the biggest public health issues in the state of Wisconsin (Black & Paltzer, 2013). This paper employs the socio-ecological assessment to demonstrate how the health issue of excessive alcohol consumption influences the social dynamics of the adult population in Wisconsin. Excessive alcohol consumption represents major social problems for the adult population in Wisconsin in terms of addictions, dependence due to loss of productivity, absenteeism, increase in neighbourhood crime, traffic accidents, violence, incarceration of perpetrators, family-related violence, and additional social costs related to fetal alcohol syndrome (Black & Paltzer, 2013). The Global Status Report on Alcohol demonstrates that such social problems affect individuals and communities other than the heavy alcohol consumers, not mentioning that these problems have the capacity to ignite entrenched economic consequences (World Health Organization, 2004). The indicators related to excessive alcohol consumption among the stated group of the population are many and varied. In 2011, for instance, excessive alcohol consumption in the state of Wisconsin “resulted in approximately 1529 deaths, 48,578 hospitalisations, 46,583 treatment admissions, 60,221 arrests, and 5,751 motor vehicle accidents” (Black & Paltzer, 2013 p. 1). Additionally, as acknowledged by Black and Paltzer (2013), Wisconsin has over the years reported high incidences of binge alcohol consumption among its adult male population and a high rate of alcohol consumption among pregnant women. In relating to the interconnections as practiced in the socio-ecological assessment, it is a well known fact that excessive alcohol consumption is a recipe for several health-related issues, such as mortality arising from liver cirrhosis, specialty care for abuse/dependence, hospitalisations for alcohol-related diseases, fetal alcohol syndrome, nursing home costs, and training of substance abuse and mental health professionals. Other health and social issues include lost productivity, absenteeism, traffic-related casualties, family members affected by failure to fulfil social obligations, and occurrence of violence in the family. In explaining how health behaviours within the mentioned population contribute to the observed risks, it is important to note that excessive consumption of alcohol may lead to liver cirrhosis and cardiovascular disease, poor judgment, violence, child abuse and neglect, acute alcohol dependency, and job loss (Laslett, Room, Dietze, & Feiris, 2012). These behaviours can be directly linked to the risks observed among heavy drinkers in Wisconsin. For example, excessive consumption of alcohol in Wisconsin has been noted to trigger several health-related conditions such as liver cirrhosis, cardiovascular disease and cancer, which have in turn led to death, hos
Introduction An understanding of why one is homosexual is an important step to conversion. However, the difficult struggle is made easier with one’s religious commitment. The bible proclaims that homosexuality is a sin and despises it. However, it also proclaims love and forgiveness to those seeking it. While it violates religious teachings and is immoral, homosexuals should be given the same benefits, rights and privileges as heterosexuals. People are not the same as we have different tastes and preferences which have to be respected by all irrespective of the stand that we take on issues. It is thus important that homosexual couples be accorded equal benefits and privileges as heterosexual couples since they are human beings with similar needs and wants as the rest of the population in addition to the fact their number is increasing with time. The main aim of the essay is to highlight the medical and social view of homosexuality. Homosexuality and Rationale for Choice There is no doubt that homosexuality is the current problem that threatens to wreck marriages and accelerate the spread of HIV/AIDS in the world today. Homosexuality has caused more controversy to many. It has divided psychiatrists, religious sects, societies, cultures and even the gay community itself. The issue of homosexuality is all-encompassing and touches the spiritual, physical, emotional and psychological parts of an individual’s life. It is a complex and sensitive topic. Biologists and scientists continue to study and search for that “gay gene” that could all at once kill doubts and prove homosexuality is hereditary. The gay communities are one on this embodying the belief that they were “born that way.” Yet, until now there is no known gay gene, perhaps because none exist first? Many psychiatrists and psychoanalysts argue that homosexuality is not hereditary but rather a psychosexual disorder brought about by childhood traumas. The secular believes it’s a sin, a rebellion to God, a battle between the good and evil in human nature. Amid these different opinions, one is certain: homosexual orientation is not defined by culture, race, and age, educational or work background. There are gays everywhere and there were gays even in biblical times. But exactly how many gay people are there? It is the widespread belief that 10% of the population is homosexual. This figure comes from research of Alfred Kinsey saying that ’10 per cent of the males are only homosexual for at least three years between the ages of 16 and 55′ (Shlemon, 2006). However, Kinsey’s study is criticized repeatedly judging from the profile of his test subjects mostly prisoners and sex offenders. Although it is difficult to find out gay numbers because one has to define first who is gay and
Google Case Study Corporate Entrepreneurial Strategy Corporate entrepreneurial strategy refers to an extensive and concurrent transformation in the trend of decisions that an organization makes (Matsuno, Mentzer, and Ozsomer 21). As the vice president of search products and user experience, Mayer has to trust her intuition. The success of Google Company lies on her shoulders. Her job entails making critical decisions that have far-reaching impacts on the organization. Thus, she requires identifying and supporting untested ideas that she believes might help the company to overcome its competitors. Additionally, she needs to embark on a treasure hunt and venture into the underserved niche. The entrepreneurial strategy entails identifying lucrative markets that are not exploited (Matsuno, Mentzer, and Ozsomer 23). Mayer requires collaborating with other employees to determine technological needs that are not yet met and work towards the development of software to cater to the needs. She ought to objectively analyze the mail list and promote ideas that seem unique and feasible. Google encounters competition from companies like Microsoft. As the vice president for search products, Mayer has the duty to monitor the rival companies and exploit their weaknesses. Mayer should see the world from the clients’ angle. That way, she can assist the employees that work under her to generate ideas based on the weaknesses of the rival companies and consumer demands. The fact that Google is leading in the development of search products does not mean that the corporation cannot face competition. A seasoned entrepreneur keeps on reinventing the business (Matsuno, Mentzer, and Ozsomer 26). Thus, Mayer should discourage complacency by encouraging employees to come up with novel ideas even if the company does not adopt all their thoughts. Google’s Approach to Ideas Entrepreneurial strategy refers to broad and instantaneous changes in the manners in which a company makes decisions. On the other hand, strategy for entrepreneurship relates to a plan that outlines the process of designing, starting, and managing a new business (Matsuno, Mentzer, and Ozsomer 26). Google’s approach to ideas can be viewed as an entrepreneurial strategy. The company adopts ideas based on their feasibility. It avoids taking ideas that cannot help it outdo its competitors. The entrepreneurial approach constitutes identify
The sphere of human services is one of the essential components of any community since people working in this area set themselves the task of making the life of other people easier. The list of professions in this area varies from lawyers to various types of medical consultants. Although the job of these professionals is to interact with people, not electronics, many technologies are being designed to facilitate the work of specialists in the human services field. First of all, it is worth noting technologies designed to make it easier for people to access such services. Studies show that many residents still do not have sufficient access to the information field, making it challenging to obtain the necessary knowledge and assistance (Abubakari et al., 2020). The inaccessibility of data makes the provision of services, including vital ones, rather difficult. Therefore, one of the promising areas of technology application in the human services field is to increase the availability of information according to people’s cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds (Abubakari et al., 2020). Considering the peculiarities of the perception of information by people of different races and incomes, it is possible to create more targeted ways of delivering data. Various kinds of mobile applications and websites are often considered in this context, allowing getting advice quickly. However, similar solutions are offered for specialists in the human services field themselves. According to research, specially designed mobile applications allow for better communication, easier job search and interaction at the professional-client level (Allouch & Boonstra, 2019). One of the main advantages of mobile applications is their availability and the ability to access a constantly updated database anywhere. Finally, more extensive and more innovative technologies, such as VR devices, are also used in the human services field. However, this area of research is in its nascent state due to many problems, both technical and conceptual. For example, many software developers for VR devices do not consider the specifics of working in the human services field, as a result of which the software requires significant improvement before final release and use (Benson et al., 2021). Another barrier to technology adoption is addressing hard-to-reach communities due to hardware costs. However, this area