ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract Pollution is the chief concern of today’s world. To understand nature of pollution created by solid waste it is needed to analyze the problem from the perspective of Product life cycle. Reducing domestic wastes like plastic bottles is a very efficient way to prevent environmental pollution. Thus, recyclable products like Arrowhead’s bottle are a very efficient measure of controlling it. It is true that there are similar products available like Avian, Figi and Dassani that are also marketed as eco friendly and termed as green products but they contain more plastic contents than the Arrowhead’s bottle. High plastic content in a product needs more plastic from the manufacturers. But making plastic products increase pollution too. Apart from these facts, all these products, Avian, Figi and Dassani, are not fully recyclable while being recyclable is Arrowhead’s bottle’s chief trait. Introduction Pollution is the release of environmental contaminants including Carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons, and nitrogen oxides which are released into the air we breathe by industry and motor vehicles. There can also be pollution in the water via organic and inorganic means including heavy metals, petrochemicals, chloroform and bacteria. Soil pollution is a direct reaction of the soil from both air and water contamination as a result of those contaminants seeping into the soil. Thus, it is important to lower the rate of pollution and patronage products that are less pollutant agents. One such product is Arrowhead’s Eco-shape bottle. However, there are similar products available like Avian, Figi and Dassani. But it would be seen whether the Arrowhead’s Eco-shape bottle scores more in terms of being an eco friendly product. For the purpose and thorough product life cycle analysis would be carried out at the end of it there would be complete recommendation in terms of betterment of the product. Objective Arrowhead’s Eco-shape bottle is regarded as one of the foremost eco friendly green product. In the given conditions of today’s health hazards and depleting environmental sustainability it is necessary for corporate management to opt for greener and more eco friendly products. This responsibility goes beyond the legal obligation to adhere to statute laws and requires corporations to willingly take further measures to promote the quality of verve for its workforce including their families as well and for the improvement of local community and humanity in the broader sense. However, to sustain its product in the corporate market, it is necessary to induce proper marketing techn
There is no use denying the fact that the modern world could be characterized by the increase of the level of attention given to such issues as humanism, tolerance and human rights. Having passed through two world wars and lost millions of people, humanity realized the fact that the world should be changed if mankind wants to survive. That is why the shift of some values and attitudes towards certain issues could be observed. A human being becomes the most important value which should be protected ad cared about. Therefore, the attempts to find the form of government which will be able to guarantee the creation of all these conditions appeared. One realized the fact that totalitarian states of the past could not continue their existence as it led to thousands of victims. Under these conditions, the world needed a new pattern to reorganize some states and create new beneficial conditions for people. Democracy became this very kind of state structure that could help to do it. Starting the analysis of the given issue, it is vital to outline the background of the growth of democracy in various states and conditions that had a great impact on these processes. The fact is that WWII triggered a great number of various processes. People obtained the thirst for freedom and realized the fact that they should rule their lives on their own. That is why, this period of time could be characterized by the collapse of various colonial empires and the appearance of a great number of new states which used to be the part of some greater countries. Additionally, the aftermath of the war made people reconsider their attitude towards the issue of power and look for new more efficient ways to govern. That is why, some states switched to the new pattern, hoping that it could help them to satisfy the new needs of people and guarantee stable and beneficial development. Thus, having chosen democracy as the main direction of their development, various countries tried to achieve the goal using different strategies and remedies. Not all models were successful and some of them resulted in the collapse of the government or even civil wars. Under these conditions, the term democratic consolidation became very important. The given notion is used “to describe the challenge of making new democracies secure, of extending their life expectancy beyond the short term, of making them immune against the threat of authoritarian regression” 1 . The importance of the given term and process was proved by the fact that not all states that tried to adhere to the main principles of democracy managed to create the needed conditions and collapsed, returning to the authoritarian pattern. At the same time, the countries that continue movement in this very direction also might face some problems and challenges. With this in mind, it is vital to analyze the functioning of these very countries in order to understand the main peculiarit
The postpartum disorder, which is best known as one related to pregnancy, might be compounded by prenatal anxiety, prenatal depression, postpartum depression, or even panic attacks. Shulman (2018) states that 10-20% of new mothers suffered from postpartum depression (PDD). Up to 40-60% of adolescent mothers and approximately 50% of those with low income experienced postpartum depression (Shulman, 2018). Only 15 % of them seek treatment for postpartum depression, while others continue to suffer from such symptoms of any depressive disorder as fatigue, irritability, low energy, sleepiness. According to DelLisle (2018), about 103 women out of 1000 suffer PDD, and most of them are not recorded. Moreover, not all providers can recognize the signs of PDD timely and provide a woman with appropriate care and education on the issue (Marques, 2018). Lack of PDD screening may cause potential negative consequences for a mother as well as for a child. The research (Haelle, 2018) has shown that the children of mothers with PDD are at high risk of developmental delays, sleep problems, acquiring mental health conditions, lower IQ. Mothers, in turn, might stop breastfeeding earlier. The following tools for screening PPD can be used: the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) and the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) incorporated into the data management systems utilized at healthcare facilities. The incorporation of the screening tools into the existing electronic medical support system has proved to lead to positive outcomes for both mothers and children (van der Zee-van den Berg et al., 2016). Women completed the questionnaires during their regular visits, and the data was incorporated into the electronic medical support system. The system sent reminders to clinicians, so the decision-making process was facilitated. The integration of the questionnaires that have proved their efficiency into data management systems can be an effective evidence-based informatics tool. The system may analyze the results of the questionnaires and trace the negative trends in each case. If a woman displays the occurrence of some depressive symptoms, the system will send reminders and guidelines to physicians to take the necessary actions based on a set of scenarios.
For a long time, there are two various types of inequalities, which humanity is facing worldwide. The first one is inequality within nations, and the second one flourishes between them. Recently, the US authorities have begun to tackle disparity issues and have led the country to the greatest changes. However, class differences and upward or downward social mobility still affect society, therefore, the purpose of this paper is to describe and discuss the following phenomena. Although it is getting more complex to define what class somebody is in by material goods, the stratification is seen today. There are four major classes: the upper, the middle, the working, and the lower, and they are determined by income, education, and occupation. According to Milanovic (2016), “the richest 1 percent (by wealth) hold three-quarters of their wealth in the form of corporate stocks, financial securities, and unincorporated business equity” (p. 184). Consequently, the overall capital concentration will sustain the upper-class’s political power, making impracticable policy changes in taxation, public education financing, or infrastructure expenses for other strata. Moreover, the causes for upward or downward social mobility limitations do not take the last place on the list of current problems. Mobility is empowered to a limited extent by higher education, the capability to work hard and compete, various social networks, and even ownership of tools. However, “people with lower incomes are especially prone to overestimate overall upward mobility, and they expect that they have more room to move up than the rich who are already at the top” (Milanovic, 2016, p. 203). For example, family background influences one’s social class in adulthood due to the environment a person grew up in, the acquaintances they made, financial well-being, or whether they gained a proper education. Furthermore, the wealth gap is expanding because of globalization, immigration, and routine task robotization. Even the COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to economic issues, and therefore the income inequality. In conclusion, it is necessary to underline that the US impact on the disparity changes in emerging and prosperous economies is significant. If the inclination toward mean salary assembly proceeds, the possibilities for the decrease of worldwide imbalance could be crashed by what befalls disparity inside individual nations. Thus, one should maintain that it is always vital to track changes in this field, describe them, and organize the discussions either on the high or the low authority level. Reference Milanovic, B. (2016). Global inequality: A new approach for the age of globalization. Harvard University Press.
Crop Profile Crop name:        Soybean or soya bean Scientific name:  Glycine max           The soybean, a type of legume, is related to alfalfa, clover, and peas. Although soya is native to East Asia, it has been adapted to grow in the Australian climate. In 2020, Australia recorded average soybeans yield of around 1.6 metric tons per hectare (Granwal, 2021). Physiological Traits The soybean boasts particularly distinct physiological traits compared to other legumes. As Figure 1–2 shows, it is an erect branching plant capable of growing higher than two meters, thanks to its numerous vegetative stages – six to be exact (Grains Research & Development Corporation [GRDC], 2016, p. 4). Soya beans have white or a shade of purple self-fertilizing flowers. Each plant can produce 60 to 80 pods, containing an average of three pea-sized beans (American Soybean Association, 2017). While most commercial soya beans are brown or tan in color, bicolored, black, brown, green, and yellow seeds also exist. Figure 1: Soybean plants (GRDC, 2016). Figure 2: Soybean seed (GRDC, 2016). Environmental Preferences and Main Growing Regions The most suitable regions for growing soybeans in Australia are Victoria’s northern irrigation areas. These locations have warm summer temperatures and longer day lengths. Farmers in tropical areas can produce protein-rich legumes using stored and summer rainfall. Fortunately, years of research have enabled scientists to innovate soybean varieties that can be grown successfully in Australia’s diverse climates and latitudes. The Grains Research & Development Corporation (2016) report emphasizes the importance of selecting a variety recommended for a specific region. Management Requirements Land Preparation Soybeans are relatively easy to manage, save for the paddock preparation stage. It is vital to ensure that the seedbed is weed-free before planting for rapid emergence. While the land preparation method is immaterial, it is advisable to opt for the most sustainable, feasible option. Variety Selection After careful preparation of the farm, a farmer needs to conduct pre-planting due diligence to identify the most suitable seed variety for their region. For example, Curringa, Djakal, and Snowy are suitable for Southern NSW and northern Victoria, whereas Cowrie and Ivory remain are recommended for the Macquarie and Lachlan irrigation in Central NSW (GRDC, 2016). Inoculation Soybean seeds need to be inoculated before sowing, at least in the Australian soil that lacks natural rhizobia, because it facilitates nodulation. Soybean plants need effectively formed nodules to optimize nitrogen intake. As GRDC (2016) recommends, seeds should be inoculated with Group H rhizobia a few hours before planting and inoculated seeds stored in the shade. Planting Soy seeds can rot when the water content is exceedingly high and fail to germinate when the soil is dry. Sowing at one’s earliest convenience, particularly after good rains, is always advisable. As Table 1 below shows, different growing regions an
Introduction Lately, social media sites have grown enormously in terms of usership and popularity. As a matter of fact, social media sites such as Facebook, Twitter and Flickr are slowly replacing traditional forms of internet communication such as email. They have become important tools for people to stay in touch, meet new people, and share experiences on sites. With Facebook’s usership surpassing 500 million, social media has today become so mainstream that it has become the newest marketing channel. As the world of online marketing continues to expand, and innovative ways of communicating with the target customers come to the fore, social media has withstood the onslaught of critics and emerged out strongly. Keeping pace with these developments, hospitality industry operators have been scrambling to work through the ever-changing web of social media, with a goal of increasing contact with their customers, gauging customer satisfaction, strengthening brands, and improving sales. Despite these developments, a challenge still remains for hoteliers and other stakeholders in the hospitality industry to invent creative ways of utilizing social media so that they can reach their prospects and customers in a manner that can establish a robust and healthy long-term relationship (Hospitality Industry, 2010). With the buzz around social media marketing gaining grounds, the hospitality industry has not been left behind as they have made significant inroads with the leading social network sites in fresh and innovative ways. Indeed, most hoteliers today include Facebook and Twitter share buttons on their websites for satisfied customers to share the word! In addition, hoteliers have become more acquainted with the return on engagement (ROI) instruments existing presently, however, the ability to translate these fans and followers into customers making actual room stays continues to remain a challenge for many (Schneider, 2009). Hence the reason for this research is to propose ways in which operators in the hospitality industry can take advantage of the current social media craze to retain o
Race has been a part of human society for a long time and it has been defined very differently by different people and nations. For some, it could be a sign of pride and others could want to hide it. Largely, race is dependent on the outside environment and thus, very much connected with the social life. The period in time, people’s understanding of the world and their relationship between each other, all have their influence on how race is viewed and so, it is obvious that the society defines race and often, is influenced by gender. The world has many races and the definition that each country or community has is shaped by the economy of that place, people’s beliefs and traditions, history and sometimes gender. All races have the same biological and physiological qualities and have the same criteria in all aspects including psychological. But there is no doubt that some societies view own or other race as superior or inferior to others. The modern world has changed a considerable amount from the past predispositions and stereotypes, and race has become more accepted. People are now expected to respect others and thus, racism has become another construct of the social life. Biologically, the explanation of races comes from the direct physical environment that people were situated in. The way people looked and what they felt was in direct connection with the outside world and the circumstances of life. As the process was absolutely natural and could not be influenced by people’s conscious thoughts, it would be impossible to conclude that any race was made better or worse that another. The natural evolvement of people biologically, shows that there is no difference in the levels of development of certain nations and so, the concepts of race and its qualities are completely constructed by the society. Racism was one of the biggest problems that were born in civilized societies. It is a degrading understanding and behavior, as well as attitude towards a certain race. Mostly, it is a teaching that creates mythical ideas about a certain race being better or worse than any other race. For a long time, people lived with a belief that God or the natural order has made some races inferior and they should be used to the benefit of the superior races. People have changed their societies in such a way, which allowed for segregation and exploitation of certain races. One of the biggest bases for such division was the technological advancement of the dominant race and thus, the ability to take over became easier. People and whole nations thought that just because they had a certain possibility to
Introduction Different social and economic issues make people homeless all across the U.S., but the problem is nowhere as pressing as it is in California. Although homeless people are often associated with alcoholism or substance abuse, many Californians start living on the street due to purely economic reasons. They are priced out from their homes after staggering increases in rent prices that happen all across the state. The crisis intensified after the recession of 2008 when prices soared up, and now hundreds of thousands of people live in their tents or vehicles in LA, San Francisco, and other cities. Although many people prefer to close their eyes to the issue, no one can stand aside as it influences the life of communities in California. Even when it is not evident at first sight, homelessness impacts literally every citizen of the state in many implicit and explicit ways. The Influence of Homelessness on Community Local communities experience the most direct and immediate impact of homelessness. Numerous tents where the unsheltered population is accommodated are constantly before the eyes of residents, causing inconveniences. Such circumstances undermine the pleasant image of the city and its neighborhoods, which attract fewer people. Moreover, such places face problems with sanitation, public health, and safety. Homeless people often do not have jobs and become socially and economically marginalized. This condition makes them involved in different crimes, such as robbery, drug distribution, or prostitution, making the neighborhood a dangerous place to live. The dangers caused by homelessness are, therefore, real for other people who live beside them. Thus, it is in the interest of the community to solve it. Costs of Homelessness for Taxpayers Although it is not evident, even people, who do not see those tents near their houses, feel the impact of homelessness in California. The unsheltered and unemployed population bears a significant economic burden to the state and, consequently, to each of its taxpayers. Due to substance abuse, street violence, and low quality of life, homeless people experience a variety of health issues that result in increased costs for public health. Moreover, these are only limited emergency services, while most of these people still cannot afford adequate treatment for chronic illnesses. Additionally, the lifestyle of many homeless people involves criminal activity increasing the costs for law enforcement. Although homeless people seem to receive little financial assistance from the state, the total economic
Carino’s Italian grill was located in Doral (Miami springs) at the center of Miami making it accessible to most people. It exhibited a casual but alluring atmosphere. Carino’s Italian Grill reminded Italians living in America of their traditions and cultures, which they missed because of staying away from their native land. It also gave a chance to non-Italians to sample the delicate flavors associated with Italian cookery. The restaurant’s interior was painted in dark colors. There was free password-protected Wi-Fi, gigantic television screens, and background music that played in a low tone so that the clients did not have to complain of loud music interrupting their meals. The décor was moderately done, and there was nothing extraordinary. The clients could choose whether to dine in the restaurant or bar sections. The service at Carino’s Italian Grill was outstanding. The waiters were extremely friendly and helpful when it came to choosing food. The restaurant served adequate portions of most meals and offered free soda refills. The meals incorporated traditional Italian ingredients and flavors especially the spices (Capatti, Montanari, and O’Healy 37). The quality of service at Carino’s Italian Grill rated first class because the staff served meals promptly (within twenty minutes of customers placing their orders) just as the menu indicated. Carino’s Italian Grill was a pricey restaurant, but one could overlook that fact going by the well-prepared large servings that it offered. One expected to pay expensively for similar meals in the classier restaurant chains like Carabbas, but not at the Carino’s Italian Grill. However, one could take advantage of “happy hours” and special rates to save money and still enjoy sumptuous meals. The high prices were probably because the restaurant was trying to fit in the same class as other highly rated restaurants. Another possible reason for the high prices was the cost of importing certain native ingredients from Italy. People from all walks of life frequented the restaurant including children, teenagers, couples, and the elderly. The hotel was excellent for children and groups; it took reservations and was accessible by wheelchair (for the physically disabled customers). There was also the provision of paying using credit cards and carrying food away from the eatery (“Carino’s Italian Grill – Doral, FL”). A large amount of the food provided at the café originated from the United States although a few ingredient