ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Countries across the world have built bilateral and multilateral business relationships that have been maintained for decades. These arrangements keep changing depending on the fluctuations of the countries’ needs and perception of each other. As such, the world has been described by The European Business Review (2020) as an unsteady flux of trading arrangements among nations. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has had a strong relationship with the west, especially the United States. The UAE-US relationships began in 1971 after the UAE gained its independence from Britain. Diplomatic relationships were established in 1972, after which the UAE became a critical ally of the US in the Middle East 1 . Today, the UAE cooperates with the US on such matters as non-proliferation, defense, law enforcement, trade, cultural exchange, and energy policy. Besides the US, the UAE also has relationships with other western countries, specifically those forming the European Union (EU) 2 . However, it can be argued that the UAE has not made as much effort with eastern countries as it has done with the west. The purpose of this paper is to express the need for UAE to start focusing on eastward expansion, meaning building stronger trade and diplomatic relations with the eastern countries. The term ‘east’ is used in this paper to refer to those major countries in Asia, including China, India, Korea, Japan, and other ASEAN. 3 Countries Some of these countries can be described as emerging economies, a term used to express countries with rapid economic development. Such countries offer the potential for both trade and diplomacy, especially considering that such countries as India and China are increasingly becoming global powers. The argument presented in this paper is that these countries have the potential to offer huge benefits to the UAE. The structure of the paper includes a brief description of the current state of affairs regarding the UAE’s relationships with the west. The progress and benefits gained from western expansion are also highlighted. Second, the paper explores the current state of the relationship between the UAE and eastern countries, which should serve to express the gaps for further exploration. The most important section addressed the rationale for Easter expansion, taking into consideration the nature of the eastern countries and the potentials that can be exploited. A recommendations section offers a summary of proposed courses of action for both the short and long-term efforts to build stronger relations with the east. UAE’s Relationship with the West It can be argued that UAE’s major western partner in the US due to the nature of the relationships between the two countries. The US Department of Justice (2020) states that the UAE is a key strategic partner in the Middle East that cooperates with the US on such matters as energy
Introduction Most cars in our time are in the “1” and “2” stages of autonomy. Mostly, control is carried out by the driver, but cruise control, automatic parking and the like are used. Large companies (Google, Toyota, Tesla, Volvo) strive to achieve complete automation of car movement. This technology shows its high development prospect and, therefore, continues to develop. Unbelievable progress has been made in the autonomous vehicle industry over the past few years. In 2014, the professional association SAE International proposed the classification of unmanned vehicles depending on the degree of automation. The classification includes six levels ‑ from zero to full automation. General Statistics on Autonomous Vehicles In mid-November 2019, Gartner calculated how many autonomous vehicles appeared in 2018 and 2019. It turned out that in 2018 the total number of new unmanned vehicles was 137,129 units, and in 2019 it doubled and amounted to 332,932 units (Gartner, 2019) According to analysts, by 2023 the number of autonomous cars will reach 745,705 units. The increase will be mainly observed in North America, Western Europe and China, since the countries of these regions will be the first to introduce unmanned driving rules (Dhawan, 2019, p.15). Although the forecast promises a rapid increase in the number of autonomous vehicles, the fact is that by November 2019 in no country in the world regulations have been adopted to legally operate autonomous vehicles. Manufacturers are not ready to invest in the development of models that cannot enter the market in the foreseeable future. The Responsibility of Manufacturers and Drivers. Research Thesis The lack of regulations is associated, in particular, with the difficulty of determining the legal liability of manufacturers and drivers of autonomous vehicles. Obviously, in the ethical aspect, the level of responsibility of manufacturers of such cars is no less than the responsibility of pharmacological companies, since in both cases it is about ensuring the safety of people. Testing autonomous vehicles should be no less rigorous than clinical trials. For example, despite numerous tests, the sensors and cameras of unmanned vehicles do not yet know how to fix all the details while driving. Legal responsibility cannot be considered outside the ethical parameters of the operation of unmanned vehicles. Moreover, the development of the concept of legal responsibility should be based on ethical assessments, at least from the standpoint of the ethics of utilitarianism. For autonomous vehicles to become a universal good, engineers will have to teach the system how to make difficult decisions (Li, Zhang, Wang, Li, & Liao, 2018, p. 2-3). What should artificial machine intelligence do when it comes to a choice: either knock down a pedestrian or crash into a lamppost, endangering the life of the driver? Who should be given priority in this dilemma? In such situations, a person reacts spontaneously, but the choice of car is programmed initially. Thus, legal liability should be based precisely on ethical parameters. Given the long process of developing a precedent base, the ethical principles
Introduction One of the main aspects of post-industrial living has to do with the fact that, as time goes on, the world becomes increasingly ‘flat’, in the metaphorical sense of this world – the forces of Globalization predetermine this state of affairs. Therefore, it is fully explainable why during the course of the last few decades, there has been published a number of books that authors of which aimed to enlighten readers on what accounts for the essence of the Globalization-related processes in the world. Among the most critically acclaimed books on the mentioned subject matter is The world is flat: a brief history of the twenty-first century (2005) by Thomas Friedman. This book was published in New York by Farrar, Straus, and Giroux and almost instantaneously attained the status of a bestseller. Partially, this explains why in the years 2006 and 2007, Farrar, Straus, and Giroux published the edited versions of The world is flat . The main idea, promoted throughout the book’s entirety, is that the very laws of history create the objective preconditions for the process of Globalization to continue gaining an exponential momentum. In its turn, this implies that it is in people’s best interests to be trying to adjust to the process in question, as something that will significantly increase the measure of their existential competitiveness. In this respect, one would benefit rather substantially from assuming that: a) In the Globalized world, national borders become an obstacle on the way of free trade, b) The Globalization’s main effects are necessarily positive, b) It is specifically the neo-Liberal/Libertarian economic paradigm, which appears to be most consistent with the process of Globalization (Giroux 2005). Thomas Friedman is considered one of the leading experts on Globalization in America. Throughout his career as a columnist/journalist, he published a number of books that discuss Globalization from a variety of different cultural, socio-economic, and geopolitical perspectives. The most famous of these books is The Lexus and the olive tree: understanding Globalization (199
Critical Factors in Diversification Strategies The five essential factors of diversification strategies that determine its further success refer to the availability of workforce, financial capacity, government regulations, availability of resources, and relative attractiveness of the market. Due to the combination of the aforementioned determinants of diversification strategies, the two possible outcomes of the tactics’ implementation can occur. Successful diversification strategies are commonly labeled as related diversification, which takes place when a business moves into a new industry that has significant similarities with the existing firm’s model or its business lines. While the introduction of strategies aimed at diversification is essential for successful business performance, the steps taken to diversify the corporate environment may not necessarily lead to desirable outcomes. For example, the application of diversification tools at Amazon exemplifies both successful and unsuccessful diversification approaches. Although the decision to enter the digital market has helped to attract the attention of a larger market segment, it has also featured a series of difficulties caused by the necessity to readjust the company’s performance, management, and operations to an entirely new setting with the help of a diversification-performance approach. For example, as the case under analysis mentions, the first stages of diversification and the introduction of the organization to the digital market caused a slight decline in the company’s performance: “Amazon’s performance in the third quarter of 2016, especially in terms of profits, was lower than expected, and this caused its stock price to decrease by 7 per cent” (“Amazon Go: Venturing into traditional retail,” 2017, p. 3). Predicted Success of Offline Retail Segments After the initiation of Amazon Go, the first convenience product store without cashiers, Amazon entered the market of offline retail segments. Current revenue reports and technological advancements present in the store signify the high likelihood of future success of the company’s innovation. With the introduction of the offline retail segment, Amazon did not lose its primary characteristics: high accuracy, fast delivery, and convenient payment. The integration of online and offline experiences leaves hope to believe that Amazon Go will become a future model of convenience stores, effectively responding to the customers’ needs and current trends in the industry. For Amazon to replicate its success in offline segments, the company will need to integrate different types of diversification strategies and adopt a situational approach toward navigating both on- and offline markets. By establishing the strategies geared toward diversification-performance, Amazon will be able to create a competitive advantage as a flexible organization that re
Currently, it is extremely challenging to engage Internet users, as they constantly get distracted. Additionally, it is essential in order to keep websites viewed. Therefore, front-end developers need to work diligently to make webpages as attractive as possible. The Cronkite News homepage appears to be averagely engaging at first sight, though there are some areas for improvement. For example, if I were a front-end developer at Cronkite News, I would definitely change the design of the menu line. The font and background color seem to look boring and lifeless. Besides, when users click on pictures which provide access to different articles, there is no result. Undoubtedly, adding some effect would noticeably improve the situation. Generally, the Cronkite News homepage looks relatively simple and slightly outdated with minimal interesting design options. On the one hand, it may appeal to some viewers, though, on the other hand, it is vital to catch their attention by carefully adding various engaging visual effects. Furthermore, the recommendations mentioned above would definitely make a positive impact on Cronkite News’ performance. For instance, such audience metrics as average session duration and bounce rate would change. According to Manjoo (2013), “few people are making it to the end, and a surprisingly large number aren’t giving articles any chance at all” (para. 14). Therefore, it is essential to catch their attention within those several seconds, which are the most important. It can be achieved by making the Cronkite News homepage more fresh and engaging, adding creative effects, and transforming its upper part, including the menu line. These changes are likely to reduce the bounce rate and increase the average session duration. Reference Manjoo, F. (2013). You won’t finish this article. Why do people online don’t read to the end . SLATE. Web.
Conflict is a disagreement between people or inside one individual that has the potential to cause harmful effects. There are three types of conflict: interpersonal, intrapersonal, and organizational. To resolve them, it is possible to apply several techniques. For example, such strategies as a compromise, collaboration, competition, negotiation, and avoidance might be used. Personally, I prefer to use collaboration to engage people in what they are doing. Being cooperative and assertive, collaboration helps to establish an appropriate working environment that, in turn, leads to the increased effectiveness of the team members striving to achieve common goals. It should also be stressed that collaboration creates trust and mutual support within the team. At that, conflict promotes professional growth, creativity, and change. As a rule, conflict arises from discrepancies in goals, facts, approaches, and values. In turn, the conflict process involves the following stages: frustration, conceptualization, action, and outcomes. Working through the conflict, it is essential to evaluate the degree of conflict resolution as it cannot be completely resolved. This is the responsibility of a leader working in the context of leadership and management behavior. In my opinion, the described definitions and strategies are of great importance for nursing leaders to plan and implement the required change.
Initial Search Process High blood pressure contributes to the existing mortality gap between Black and White Americans in a substantial manner (Odedosu, Schoenthaler, Vieira, Agyemang, & Ogedegbe, 2012). The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) reveals that approximately 40 percent of African Americans suffer from hypertension and hypertension-related outcomes such as cardiovascular complications (as cited in Ferdinand, 2015). It follows that better control of the chronic condition can substantially improve health outcomes for the population. Telemonitoring of blood pressure has been identified as an effective method for improving hypertension management (Margolis et al., 2013). Unfortunately, the adherence to hypertension self-management behavior among African Americans is much lower than that in other racial groups (Flynn et al., 2013). Therefore, it is necessary to investigate whether telemonitoring of blood pressure can become a viable alternative for controlling hypertension among African Americans. This paper aims to outline an initial search process needed to answer a PICO question. PICO Question Among African Americans with hypertension, does telemonitor of blood pressure compared to office visit monitoring improve blood pressure control? Search Process To arrive at credible evidence necessary for answering the PICO question, an initial search was performed at the library of the University of Maryland. Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (MEDLINE) were searched to find relevant materials. The scope of the search was limited by the specific variables of the PICO question. The period of peer-reviewed articles included in the search was set at 2012-2017, to ensure that the evidence, which will help to guide evidence-based practice (EBP) is the most current. Only articles published in the English language were selected for the study. To discover published studies that investigate the effectiveness of different methods for hypertension management, the following keywords were used: hypertension management, telemonitoring, hypertension control, BP monitoring, home, and telecare. CINAHL and MEDLINE have searched again for relevant studies identified in reference sections of articles discovered during the initial search. The selection of potentially eligible studies was based o
Introduction The First Crusade which took place between 1096 and 1099 was an expedition of western Christian military personnel to reclaim their holy lands that had been taken by Muslims after conquering Levant. It commenced in 1095 when Pope Urban called people in response to an appeal that had been made by Byzantine Emperor (Gabrieli 41). He had requested the Western people to assist him in fighting the Turks who were propelling invasions. From this initial goal, there arose another goal of recapturing Jerusalem from the hands of Islam which became the main goal. This essay will focus on First Crusade art and architecture. The Genesis of the First Crusade Following the conquest of England by the Normans, England and France became even stronger as compared to the time of Charlemagne. Their kings and queens started laying strategies of conquering the Mediterranean and improving the Roman Empire. They were particularly interested in capturing Jerusalem which was referred to as the city of Jesus Christ (Hillenbrand 54). The city was under the rule of Islamic Fatimids but Normans wanted to take it from them. In 1095 AD, a famous speech was given by Pope Urban at Clermont, Southern France. In his speech, he made a clarion call for people to get armed and move on to reclaim Jerusalem from the Fatimids. People ranging from small children to adults unanimously agreed hearkened to the call and they all wanted to go and fight. The enthusiasm was so high that a number of groups started their journey to Jerusalem way before the main group was constituted. They were strongly convicted that once they were in Jerusalem, God would destroy the doors of Jerusalem hence there was no need for them to have weapons or to get involved in any fight. Some of the people in the groups did not even bother to carry money for themselves. On the way, majority discovered that the journey was not as easy as they had expected and most of them died before they got to their destination. One group deemed the jour
The modern world is characterized by a great development of market relations. Almost all spheres of everyday life nowadays are influenced by this issue. That is why it is obvious that our time can be also called the age of rivalry. To survive a person should become successful and overcome all difficulties in his/her way. The same situation can be observed in the world of business. There is a great number of different companies in the world which provide different services. The rivalry between them is extremely severe. That is why to survive and become prosperous organizations need a clear and efficient plan which will describe the main stages of a companys development and functioning. Project Portfolio Management (PPM) is one of the main remedies which can guarantee the prosperity of a company. PPM is a set of different business strategies whose main aim is to describe and regulate all spheres of the activity of a company. Moreover, it allows organizations to manage projects as a strategic portf
Introduction Change in normally brought about by globalization and advancing technology, as the organizations try to fit in the competing market by attaining a market share and a competitive advantage. However, change may not be appreciated by employees, as some view it as a threat to their jobs due to the expectations that accompany change. Employees find it hard to adapt to change especially when change is forced on them other than discussed with them. In addition, employees may resist change if it has unrealistic expectations and is threatening to their jobs. However, for change to be acceptable, it has to be healthy and has employees interest at heart, otherwise change may contribute to decrease in employee’s morale and performance (Houdmont and Leka, 2010 pp 125). Job demand should be realistic; otherwise, it may be a source of stress to the employees, which may also contribute to absenteeism. If your organization were planning a major change, such as a merger, what steps would be necessary to manage the transition? Change in an organization should be aimed at improving the organization’s performance and it should not be aimed at meeting a manager’s personal interests. According to Piederit (2000, pp 795), sometimes, opposition to change may be aimed at protecting the organization’s interests. When implementing change, for instance a merger, the managers should be able to communicate with the employees about this change before it is implemented. This way, employees will not acquire negative ideas about the change; instead, they will get to understand the importance of a merger to the organization. The management should engage the staff in the implementation; hence, they would be in a position to manage change. In addition, effective communication is important between the management and t