ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract The world’s industrial evolution of vehicles has seen an increase in the manufacture and supply of electric cars worldwide. The UK government aims at shifting from the use of fossil fuels in the automotive industry to electric power. The demand and supply of electric cars have already been witnessed in the United Kingdom (UK) market. The market should maintain an equilibrium point to avoid shortages and surplus in both the quantity demanded and supplied. This resulted in the UK government cutting grants for buyers who demand electric cars. The ceiling price and price floors are essential for controlling the market price. The pricing of electric cars will determine if the UK market demand and supply curves will shift to either the right or the left. These shifts affect the equilibrium point of the UK market. Introduction The evolution of vehicles worldwide has witnessed an increase in plans to supply manufactured electric cars. Emerging data reveals how Europe is at the forefront in the transition process of replacing fossil fuel locomotives with electric cars across the total market share. Electric car consumption in Europe stands at 12% of the passenger market share 1 . The UK government is committed to shifting the consumption of electric-powered cars away from those using fossil fuel. This has led to the reduction of the subsidy cuts from £50,000 to about £35,000 2 . Furthermore, the maximum value of a grant in the UK was lowered with an immediate effect from £3,000 to £2,500 3 . The move was intended to aid the less privileged individuals in the society to consume the new brand more. Discussion The demand for electric vehicles in Europe is increasing on a daily basis. Data show the continent is leading with its market share standing at around 12% as compared to other regions such as China and North America whose consumption levels are 6% and 2% respectively 4 . This increase in demand has led to companies and governments to outline plans which will aim at boosting the production and supply of electric cars for consumption within the next 5-year period 5 . For instance, Ford; an American car manufacturer, pledged to supply electric vehicles for passengers’ consumptions only by 2030 in Europe 6 . This move will set a foundation for other traditional production car companies to follow suit globally. The supply for electric vehicles will be achieved from other manufacturing companies. These companies include Tesla, NIO, Toyota, and GM. The quantity demanded by the market share will be met by the supplies from t
The Conquest of Mexico is a notable event recorded differently by the Aztecs and the Cortes. According to Cortés, reports by the Aztecs exist since 1519, demonstrating their inventiveness (“Modern History Sourcebook: Hernan Cortés”, n.d.). They used sketch writing instead of the alphabetic method. The second letter to Charles, dated October 30, 1520, was published in November, 1524, and was interpreted from Spanish to Latin by Petrus Savorgnus (“Modern History Sourcebook: A Aztec Account”, n.d.). Cortés explains that it contains the first printed plan of the Aztec city, which Cortes and his soldiers attacked and destroyed in 1521 (“Modern History Sourcebook: Hernan Cortés”, n.d.). Cortes is more accurate in reviewing what happened in the Aztec capital. Exact descriptions provide affirmation that his letter is a primary source. Aztecs’ presentation of the Conquest of Mexico discloses much about the conqueror, while Cortes describes the Aztec Capital events. Both accounts have biases and exaggeration and understate their native supporters’ encouragement. For example, the Aztecs overstated people’s support to the Conquest and ignored their companions, while the Cortes emphasized their faithfulness and significance to the Spanish’s success. However, Cortes’ letters sent back to Spain prompted Velazquez to name Hernan Cortes as the commander, which created jealousy and bitterness among the Spanish mob in their territory (“Modern History Sourcebook: Hernan Cortés”, n.d.). Moreover, licenses for expeditions permitted the crown to maintain sovereignty over recently defeated lands while not endangering its property in the enterprise. The victory of Cortes over the Aztecs led to an unusual period of European growth in America. In the subsequent two centuries, the Spanish integrated their laws over many Native American communities. The Spanish establishment and the slavery led to negotiations in Europe about the power to enslave Native Americans. Europeans who relocated to the area replaced the native community. New foods initially unknown to Europeans were available in American society. European and American communities that initially were not aware of each other’s existence initiated communication. Opinions and skills were shared and facilitated the current world in which Europeans live today. In conclusion, the accounts of the stories have different angles of interpretation from the Cortes’s and the Aztecs. However, one clear aspect is that both accounts describe biased a
Introduction Sustainability ensures that people get energy resources continuously without affecting future generation. Renewable sources of energy are those that are ever present and would not deplete since they regenerate by themselves. The following are renewable sources; Hydroelectricity, Biomass, Solar thermal, Solar electricity, and Geothermal. This paper examines sustainable measures that should be adopted in Eco-homes. Sustainable progress is an issue stirred by drift from an ideal thought to a supreme endeavor to tackle emerging problems of financial challenges and ecological problems. This category of revolution has endeavored to solve existing social problems. At present, people prefer eco-friendly programs when constructing their homes. Such houses are friendly to ecological bio-diversity and preserve future sustainability of the existing world. Eco-home is also known as sustainable house/ home because it is advantageous and costs-effective its owner. There are scores of components which can be incorporated into a new home or existing house to offer vital development to environmental sustainability condition. In fact, incorporation of such components depends on provision of significant needs and cost of materials and equipment. Diagram below illustrates a typical Eco- friendly house Sustainable Live At present, “people depend mostly on fossil fuel such as natural gas, oil and coal energy, the world is actually changing” (Barrell, Kirbby & Whitworth, 2011). It is important to note that fossil fuel depletes. For instance, natural gas, coal, and oil are non-renewable energy resources besides being a threat to environmental preservation. In fact, fossil fuels pollute environment when they are exploited. Actually, pollution is dangerous to living organisms. According to Guy & Moore (2005), sustainable living is an essential persistent purpose to achieve at least a better standard of living conditions (2005). Actually, sustainability is a state of acquiring social, environmental, and economical expectations without compromising important aspects of life for future generation. Indeed, sustainable living therefore, is expressed as a situation of living in an innate sustainable and appealing facility distinct of ecological, financial, and conscious features. Moreover, Carroll (2010) asserts that sustainable devise and sustainable progress are s
Procurement Management Plan Objective The purpose of this procurement management plan is to document the framework and all the stages of procurement activities. The plan defines the steps in choosing a contractor for the maintenance of the new heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system in Strategy Consulting Choice, Ltd. (the Client). Services to be Procured Services to be procured are HVAC services (the maintenance of the already installed system) for a 5-story building located in the central business district of the city of Perth (12/1 St George’s Terrace, Perth, Western Australia). The area of this commercial building is 2500 m 2 . Business Need The previously used HVAC system was regarded by evaluators as outdated, and it was reinstalled to address modern safety norms and standards. The building was constructed more than 20 years ago, and complex changes in the HVAC system were necessary. The Client organized the installation of a completely new innovative HVAC system, but the supplier that had provided services became bankrupt and could not proceed to work with the company. The Client needs to receive regular maintenance and monitoring services for their new HVAC system. Key Considerations Currently, the Client has an open position as a supplier of HVAC services depending on the situation around the previous cooperation with the firm that became bankrupt. According to the principles of procurement management, it is necessary to start with determining what services need to be procured, what requirements should be addressed, and what suppliers can be chosen (Jiang 2017). Therefore, it is necessary to identify the need and associated req
This paper focuses on discussing several aspects of Asset, Tracking, Logistics and Supply System (ATLASS), which is used by the US Marine Corps to manage various aspects of supply management. ATLASS allows thousands of users to analyse critical data and produce information. In fact, the information system (IS) is important in making essential decisions with regard to supply management. It is applied on a client-server platform that is based on the following key features: Windows NT, HP servers, SyBase database, and local area network (LAN). It is important to recognise that its primary function is incorporating supply, maintenance and readiness that are critical in facilitating the performance outcomes of the US Marine Corps. The system has both positive and negative impacts on the US Marine Corps. Benefits will be discussed first. One of the benefits of the information technology is cost effectiveness. It has been essential in computerising the activities of the organisation. The computerisation has been noted as an important approach towards streamlining activities that would cost more money if they would be accomplished independently. Reduction in costs associated with performing supply management has been important in enabling the firm to save substantial amounts of money to be used in other activities (Laudon & Laudon, 2009). The second positive impact of ATLASS is globalisation. It is important to underscore that workers of the US Marine Corps are found in many parts of the world where they are involved in maintaining peace in areas that are close to water bodies. Using many systems to carry out supply management would imply that there would be no interdependence. However, the adoption of the IS has been critical in ensuring that all supply activities of the organisation, which are carried out in different parts, are interlinked. Quick and effective communications are important for the interdependence. In fact, this merit of ATLASS has ensured that various groups of personnel are not negatively impacted by distances. In addition, globalisation that has resulted from the adoption of the information technology is essential in ensuring that supply management operations are decentralised. In fact, this has ensured that low-level managers can carry out performs that were previously carried out by departmental managers. Thus, departmental managers of the organisation can devote their time in managing strategic activities in the workplace. Creation of new jobs is another a
In the book The Man of the Crowd , the key character and at the same time the narrator whose name is unknown to the reader, is assessing his life by placing himself behind another character, a decrepit old man (Edgar 45). The same technique can be traced in the movie called Manhattan ; in this movie, the main character called Isaac, is living a wrecked life, but what is worse, he does not have a clue about it, he regards his life as normal. His ignorance of the type of life he leads makes the situation even worse; he cannot make decisions about what kind of woman to date, and even when to date with them. He has been divorced twice, and as the movie comes into play, he is dating a schoolgirl who despite her tender age is deeply in love with him. However, he takes advantage of the girl’s young age and uses it as a leverage to abandon her and walks straight into the arms of his best friend’s mistress. The decision to court Mary is not Isaac’s one; he does this simply because his friend Yale advised her to him. The decision was made after his friend told him that his current girlfriend and lover Tracy was very young for him. This gesture which can be regarded as a weak Isaac’s trait of character depicts him as a person with a poor self-evaluation. This trait further emphasizes the fact that he is a person who is l
Abstract This paper deals with the topic of Cultural Competence. Cultural Competence means dealing properly and effectively with people from different religions and cultures. Cultural competence comprises four components:  1. Awareness of one’s own cultural worldview  2. Attitude towards cultural differences  3. Knowledge of different cultural practices and worldviews, and  4. Cross-cultural Skills. The healthcare was, among the first institutions to promote the concept of Cultural Competence. It is basically the attitude with which an individual has to communicate with a person from a different culture. A wrong diagnosis, in case of healthcare, may lead to a never ending prejudice in the minds of the other cultures. Therefore, this paper tells the reader, why is it necessary to develop the right attitude towards individuals from different cultures. We come across several people in our lives, who belong to different caste, race, religion or cultures. And, this calls for a manner to talk to and behave with people from different walks of life. They are born and brought up in different places and communities. They have a different way of talking or communicating with others. The paper tells us the way this cultural competence needs to be carried out. Cultural competence is becoming increasingly necessary for work, home, community social lives (Mercedes Martin & Billy Vaughn. Strategic Diversity & Inclusion Management Magazine. pp. 31-36). Cultural Competence is not always about looking for the differences between the different races, but also to bridge the gap and strengthen the similarities they possess. Only then will the concept of Cultural Competence be realized. The various ethnic groups that live in a foreign country, do sometimes face indifferences from the people of that country. The process of cultural competence consists of 5 interrelated constructs: cultural desire, cultural awareness, cultural knowledge, cultural skill, and cultural encounters; the key — pivotal construct is cultural desire (Cultural Competence: An Integral Part of Holistic Nursing Practice). In cultural competency, a nurse always tries to behave in the required manner wit her clients who are from different cultural backgrounds. She should be able to efficiently communicate with the client, his/her family and also be able to comprehend the problem of the party. This is one important part of cultural competency in nursing cares. A nurse should not be holding bad opinions or bad thoughts about the other culture. In that case, she may not do full justice to the treatment of the patient, because of her ill feelings towards the person. A nurse must also perform an in-depth retrospection of her own culture and behavior. She must realize the pain one goes through when they are not treated properly because of the culture or the caste they belong to. Cultural skill incorporates the knowledge of the patient’s history and background with all the important facts and figures. She should have in herself the desire to be cultu
Reviewing and analyzing Western History after the 1700s, it is necessary to discuss the issues of imperialism and national unification which led to dramatic changes in the map of the world in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The eighteenth and nineteenth-century are called a peace period of a relative. There were no major European wars, except Napoleonic wars which involved and affected all of the European countries. European peoples were dissatisfied with the unfairness of their position, so they got a chance of being realized through a basic upheaval of the European. Continent, the Napoleonic wars were for some of them a great opportunity. Napoleon was a typical representative of what is called “imperialism”, but in several certain cases, he became a liberator. Most of the Western European countries were conquered by France and they held a war of liberation against it. But in the case of Italy, Bonaparte, himself of Italian descent, replaced alien foreign masters that were governing this country. It might b said that it was a certain step to the national unification. Napoleon was welcomed as a liberator in Poland which people wanted to hold the struggle for independence against Austrian and Russian conquers and, thus, get their national sovereignty. Another part of Polish people welcomed Czar Alexander I, who seemed like a liberal governor. He was working on a project of a new European model, based upon justice and liberties for all nations. Czar was suggesting the restoration of Poland under himself. But the unification of Poland failed because of the Russian – Prussian cooperation. The Treaty of Tilsit in 1807 divided Poland again, under France and Russia, but it was given its constitution which may be regarded as a means of the unification of the nation. Talking about the conquest of Finland by Russia and Austria, it might be said that it tolerated somehow the rise of Finnish nationalism, but it included a certain danger of future Russification. Russia also annexed Bessarabia and Moldova in 1812. Speaking of the Austrian Empire, it is necessary to mention that there was no liberation at all because its Illyrian provinces were conquered and annexed by the French Empire. The Republic of Ragusa lost its independence in 1805. But it is necessary to mention that during the French administration at these lands, the national movement of the peoples of Slovenes and Croats was welcomed and encouraged. It was developed within the community of all of the Southern Slavs. Napoleon began his second Polish campaign in 1812, he promised to restore the Commonwealth of Poland and Lithuania. Polish neighbors – Ukrainians had hopes of liberation from Russian rule. But Napoleon failed and the Russians occupied these territories again, they were under threat of a new partition because the 1813 Kalisz agreed between Russia and Prussia. The Poles remained to be convinced that some other war in Europe would bring them another chance for their national sovereignty and liberation. It can be pointed out
Introduction This case study dwells on the results of observations of a family to identify and analyse the key issues influencing contemporary Australian families with young children and demonstrates a proactive and sensitive understanding of their diversity. Outline of the Family and the Neighbourhood The sample family comprises five members: father (John), mother (Mary), and three children (Tom, Emma, and Jane). For confidentiality, pseudonyms have been used. The couple, married for twelve years, is in their mid thirties. John is an experienced tradesman in construction industry. His income and working hours are well above the national average. John is a loving and caring person, though he acknowledges that his occupation requires him to spend extended hours away from home. Mary, a graduate in accounting, has worked as an Accounts Manager but feels that her job precludes her from taking care of the children and she quits it. Tom is six years of age, while Emma is four and Jane a little over one year. Tom attends classes from around 8:45am to 3:30pm, with most nights occupied with extra-curricular activities. Emma attends pre-school three days a week between 10:00am and 3:00pm. Jane, a baby, is entirely dependent on her mother for care. All three children get along well with one another. The family may be considered to be both happy and functional. They reside in a middle income neighbourhood which consists of professionals and trades people. Issues for Families with Young Children Literature indicates that there are many important issues for families with young children (Weeks & Wilson, 1995). The first issue concerns actual and perceived conflicting demands. Young children place demands upon parents and these demands reflect both financial and emotional strains. In a broader sense, the larger the number of children, the greater is the demands placed upon parents. In the sample family also
Of all the elements of everyday reality, air is, probably, taken for granted most often, which is most outrageous, given the fact how incredibly dependent the humankind is on air. That said, the recent survey conducted in the New York City to specify the issues related to air and its current state is of great importance for the residents of New York. Once learning the basic problems that the residents of New York have at present, the latter will be able to handle them in the most efficient way possible. There have been a number of reasons that led to starting the CAS, yet three of them stand out most. The first and the most crucial one was the concern for the New Yorkers’ health. As the reports say, the state of health of some of the New York residents has grown increasingly worse, mostly due to the air pollution and the diseases that it has triggered. Another reason concerned the negative effect of air pollution on the environment. Finally, air pollution leads to ozone layer destruction, which creates even more problems and, hence, serves as the third reason for the survey. Speaking of the research methodology, one must mention such methods as checking the disease registries, conducting surveys and gathering statistical data. However, there have been a number of obstacles on the way of the researchers. The first major problem concerned the scope; it was practically impossible to embrace the entire population of the NYC. The second obstacle involved the motivation – it was necessary to come up with something that would encourage people to take part in the research. While the first obstacle was clearly the key study limitation, the second one was solved in a rather simple manner, i.e., by stressing the importance of the study on the environment and, therefore, on people’s health. According to the research results, air pollution is one of the key reasons of health deterioration. However, by monitoring air pollution, one can detect the key sources of contamination and, therefore, put a stop to the pollution process. As the research shows, oil-burning boilers are the key source of air pollution in the city. Therefore, the research shows that air pollution has a tangible effect on the New Yorkers’ health, yet can still be dealt with. Choosing a different way of oil processing, the residents of New York will be able to make their city a safer place. In addition, building and traffic can also be considered major sources of pollution, which means that building process and the use of Hybrid cars vs. diesel ones should be reconsidered. That said, it is clear that New York City could use a bit more environmental awareness to improve the state of health of the New York residents. According to the latest reports, the air pollution problem still remains a great dilemma for the state, mainly because of the lack of trees and plants, as well as the growing number of cars and the expanding industries with their deplorable effects on the environment. However, increasing environmental awareness among t