ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
How to perform an art audit First, gather all the information you need for your art. Secondly, evaluate and devise a system for the audit. In other words, you need to determine how best to go about the audit so that you do not omit any useful information. This will depend on where the audit is to be performed. The work can be done in a studio, an office, a warehouse, a gallery, or any other place and therefore one needs to come up with a systematic process to ensure that all the artwork is included. How to Determine the Method to Be Used Studio An artist studio, a storage space, or a warehouse setting is preferred when using a studio method. In this method, you begin by setting up an area to work in (McClintock, 291). Then each piece is brought to this area one at a time. This method works well in a studio setting where a few of the pieces are being displayed or hang on the wall. Gallery Gallery or home/office setting is where the artwork is hung or being displayed. In this method, it may be best to move from one area to the next round the gallery to perform the audit. Depending on the purpose of the audit, you can determine what you wish to accomplish by following the guidelines below: Create a folder for each piece This should include all documentation for the piece Document each piece This should include COA, detailed measurements, media, artist statement, bibliography, and other details of the piece or artist. Also, remember to include the bill of sale or receipt. Photograph each piece Several photos and close-up details of specific or unusual areas of the piece must be included together with an artist’s signature. Tag and Register each piece Utilize some form of identification systems (bar, code, etc.) Create a database record Come up with a computerized record for all works of art. Create a catalog / Catalogues raisonne w/details and images etc The catalog should include photos and details of the whole work. You can either print one copy for personal use or several copies for sale. Step-by-Step After gathering all documentation for each piece of art, you are ready to begin an artistic work. For most people, in all three categories i.e. an artist, collector, and investor, it is easy and comfortable for them to talk about their art and art collection. One of the benefits of performing an audit is to know if you have a lot of facts and information about your art but they are not documented. I have found out that recording your information as either audio or video is a good way to document otherwise lost facts. You can create your work or have an informal discussion with your assistants where they ask questions and answers are given. Some people may find the fact that it is being video recorded somewhat intimidating at first, but keep in mind that this video could just be to re
Abstract The report will discuss the major Public Administration theory proposed by Frederick Wilson Taylor. The Scientific Management Theory, proposed by Frederick was aimed at improving the operations of plants which were highly dependent on labor and used specialization and automation to make assembly lines faster and output levels higher. This theory’s advantages and disadvantages will be discussed in context with Public Administration. Introduction Born into an upper class Philadelphia family in the month of March in 1865, Frederick Winslow Taylor had the best education and being raised in a Quaker household which believed in plain living and high thinking, Taylor eventually grew up with those values (Papesh). Often referred to as the father of Scientific Management, Taylor’s theories are consulted when management decisions are being considered. The Scientific Management Theory Frederick Winslow Taylor is most notable for his contribution in the form of the Scientific Management Theory. This theory aims at trying to restructure the organization in such a way as to minimize waste by maximizing the productivity of the resources (O’ Brian, 2008). The reason scientific management became so popular amongst the managers was that this theory was able to answer the question on how to increase productivity by reducing the labor force which was consuming most of the expenses. The scientific management theory explained that instead of people working in a haphazard manner doing one task one day and an entirely different one the other, what they could do is to have the laborers doing specialized tasks on a more repetitive nature as it would reduce the time for production of a fixed number of goods and help make the laborers more efficient. Taylor involved time function with the production function and movement studies of the laborers. This was the ground basis for his studies and the core of his theory. His stopwatch approach, in which he would time the employees performance over specific slots helped many organizations improve their productivity. To support his theory, Taylor came up with the belief that workers can be classified into two broad categories. The first types of workers are those who are hard working, and are physically able to complete the tasks and do so willingly. He was of the opinion that everyone was capable of achieving the character of the first type worker. The second type of worker is one who is lethargic and does not work willingly and is not physically able to deliver. Taylor saw workers as mechanical beings. He did not consider the human aspect of them while they were at work, and for his process to succeed they would have to be dedicated to their work and not have any other thoughts or feelings at that time (Maheshwari, 2002). This “inhuman” view of getting things done could be the strongest ar
Introduction The article is quite effective in terms of reexamining the state of affairs in western society. It looks at a seemingly normal phenomenon through a different social lens and therefore leaves readers questioning their values and principles. The author’s presentation is both thought-provoking and captivating. What’s more, he employs a series of stylistic devices to drive his point home. Analysis Salman Rushdie uses the title to reveal his point of view from the very beginning. In this regard, the author prepares readers for what they are likely to encounter in the rest of the article. The essence of the piece was to analyze reality TV’s place in society. He, therefore, starts with those two crucial words i.e. Reality TV. He then takes a stance on the issue and summarizes it by calling reality TV ‘a dearth of talent and the death of morality. From this second phrase, readers can easily denote the fact that Rushdie derides reality TV. This author’s directness has been captured through such a title and it sets the pace for the rest of the article. This piece is highly satirical and the author does not apologize for being this critical about something so popular. He does this from the beginning of the article as he confesses his relative innocence about reality TV shows. One can therefore argue that such a tone (satirical) helps the author to propagate his thesis which is ‘TV shows have caused a dearth of talent and a death of morality’. Since he intended to criticize such a popular social phenomenon, then a satirical tone is quite appropriate because it puts him at a point of control. When one endorses something then one’s arguments tend to be less interesting or less authoritative than when one critiques something and this is exactly what the author tries to achieve through his tone. The author’s word choices are also quite captivating and play an interesting role in delivering his arguments. For instance, he uses ordinary words differently. He does this to contrast their use with their actual meanings in life. His use of the word good is one illustration. At some point in the essay, he states that “It’s good’ to be exhibitionistic. It’s good’ to be bad”. (Rushdie, par 6). He uses opposite words to illustrate the ironies that reality TV shows have brought forth. Also, in the first paragraph, he asserts that “I have somehow preserved my purity” (Rushdie, par1). The phrase ‘preserved my purity’ is supposed to be understood contextually. He does not imply that he is without offense but simply wants to bring out the polluting nature of reality shows by contrasting himself with them. Also, he uses words that get readers to think about certain issues. For example, he describes reality shows as ‘engineered realism’. This choice of words was employed to contrast the aim and the actual effects of these shows. The author’s use of rhetorical questions causes variations in style and adds to the flavor of the essay. At the beginn
Introduction Roads and Transport Authority or RTA is a governmental organization responsible for the implementation of traffic projects and the maintenance of the transport system in the Emirate of Dubai and within the country as well. It is liable for the transportation system planning including all the means of short and long-distance traveling (“Explore RTA” par. 2). RTA provides assistance to ensure advanced traffic services and efficient road modernization. Apart from that, the organization offers additional services such as vehicle or driver licensing, fine payment, and parking reservations. Customers and Goals of the Authority It should be noted that the external customers are all the population groups that use any kinds of transportation services. Overall, all commuters, drivers, and individuals facing the transport system represent the main customer groups. Importantly, the aim of RTA is to cater to all the populations inclusively and furnish such services that efficiently respond to the differentiated needs of the customers. The purpose of the authority is to facilitate an advanced transport network across the state and to execute the legislative and strategic initiatives proposed to enhance the Dubai and country’s infrastructure (“Explore RTA” par. 4). Moreover, the core of its activities is to provide transportation and traffic that is more safe and smooth. RTA strives for achieving its mission and vision in terms of integrated transport networks throughout the state and the neighboring countries as well. External Factors Influencing RTA’s Performance The four external factors that influence the organization’s performance the most in both positive and negative ways are legal-political, economic, social, and technological aspects. In terms of the legal-political factors, RTA is responsible for the transport and traffic supervision not only in Dubai but also across the country and its neighbors; therefore, some of the difficulties are connected to the differences in legislation. In particular, seven Emirates have their particular management system, which poses the possibility of contradictions in decision-making. The economic factors have a positive impact on RTA’s performance since Dubai and the state, in general, have a high GDP and high investment rates; therefore, the initiatives proposed by the government can be supported and implemented by the authority effectively. Nevertheless, social factors have both positive and negative consequences for business activities. To be more precise, on the one hand, the residents of the city have quite a high standard of living, which is a staid aspect; on the other hand, globalization processes that lead to an increase in the cultural diversity including individuals with various backgrounds result in the difference in the financial statuses. It should be noted that not all customer groups are able to use the organization’s services in the same way as Dubai residents do. Nonetheless, the technological variable affects the organization in a positive way as it contributes to the effective application of the proposed measures and
Introduction In his account, the author of the book The Making of a Quagmire: America and Vietnam during the Kennedy Era, is categorical about the dealings of the Americans in the Vietnamese affair. Reading these writings that put facts to paper in a journalistic viewpoint gives someone an insight into how things went haywire and what led to the wrongs that created the quagmire. This essay purposes to analyze the book to understand a variety of aspects of this war. It will, first, bring forth some of the most important lessons that are learned from this war, being specific to events and persons. Second, a close evaluation of “big” figures in the war will be made, with a focus on their roles and conduct before, during, and even after the war as explained by Halberstam. Further, this essay will purpose to establish, based on these writings, which was right between the government and the press, and an insightful conclusion drawn from the premises of the argument (Halberstam, 36). Lessons to Be Learnt from the War The political climate within which most of the policies that governed the Vietnam War is to blame for the eventual negatives that occurred during the fighting. John P. Vann, a Lieutenant in the U.S Force, resigned after the then Secretary of Defense, McNamara, created a very hostile environment for the men on the ground. Mr. McNamara was high-handed in his dealings with the Force and this affected the nature of operations during the war. It should, thus, be a basic lesson that the environment within which policies are made- especially International policies, plays a vital role in the outcome of intended operations. Had the environment been harmonized, without letting loose the touch of reality, things would have been different and this should guide policymakers during their policy-making sittings. The role played by Amb. Henry Cabot Lodge In 1963, John F. Kennedy, the then President of the United States, appointed Henry Cabot Lodge as the ambassador to South Vietnam. By being a stern socialist, Ambassador Lodge soon became frustrated by the Vietnamese leader, Ngo Dihn Diem, as he perceived him as being short of the ability to be the President. He, therefore, advised for a coup to oust Mr. Diem. It was that directive for a military topple of Diem’s government, which was acting upon a telegram sent to the ambassador by the State Security Department, that set the ground for the war. It should be noted that the ambassador was a keen adherent of the U.S government, a government that was against the suppression of the Buddhists in South Vietnam. Therefore, he had a direct link to the policies that governed the war in Vietnam (Halberstam, 25). Who was right between the Government and the Press? An assessment of the roles of both the government and the press reveals that had the facts presented by the press to the government during its footage of the war been given an eye of concern, the war would have been a success. However, the government maintained its stance and never came down to embrace the reality that was being presented by the press. As far as the Vietnamese war is
Introduction – Breasts and Lymphatic Glands Definitions Breasts The organic substance breasts are made up of include:  1. The Lobes within Glandular tissues.  2. The Connective Tissues.  3. The Fat. There is a complete spread-work of milk ducts running from lobes to the nipples. It is here in the ducts that cancer cells take birth, develop and grow into lumps and tumours. (CancerHelp UK, 26 September 2007). Lymphatic Glands Also under the skin runs the tail of breast tissue, which goes up to under the armpit called the axilla . There are several lymph glands under the armpits called lymph nodes under medical terminology. A thick jungle of lymph glands around the breasts is, as a matter of fact, a part of the human body’s entire lymphatic system. These lymph nodes go up to the centre of your chest, making up the ‘ internal mammary chain.’ The function of the lymphatic system, which comprises lymph glands, is to get rid of waste from the body. The tissue fluid containing body cells is drained away into the lymphatic system and is recycled. The most important function of the lymph glands is that their tissue fluid carries the cancer cells that have been detached from the tumour to the closely located lymph gland. It is because of this important function that doctors usually examine the lymph glands before anything else. The examination result showing that there are no cancer cells present in the lymph glands is a clear indication that breast cancer is most unlikely to spread anymore. (CancerHelp UK, 26 September 2007) About Breast Cancer The breast, which is like an upside-down tree, consists of the tissues supported by the network of connective tissues within the flesh and fat. Thus the leaves of this imaginary up-turned tree can be compared to the breast tree whose lobules produces milk, and then the milk is drained into 12 to 15 main ducts, which in turn empty onto the nipple surface. This process can be understood by comparing it to those branches of a tree that drain onto the trunk. It is within this connecting line of lobules and the ducts that the cancer cells originate from the already present cells that line the breast. If
United States of America’s military budget is equal to the collective military budgets of Russia, China, Iran, North Korea, Syria, Venezuela, and Cuba. The defense budget of apparent enemies should not be the decisive factor for America’s military spending. US officials denounce the intentions of other nations to develop nuclear weapons while their own country is not ready to decrease its arsenal. America’s decision of withdrawing troops from Europe could communicate a wrong message to the apparent enemies. Washington rules are not scrapped because there are some vested interests. Among the people who benefit from Washington, rules are politicians, administrators, corporate bigwigs, military personnel, scholars, and investigating groups. Such benefits are not necessarily in cash but can also be in the form of favors. The fraudulent practices have made Washington one of the most corrupt places in the world. There is not even the slightest possibility of such practices being stopped within the near future, albeit with the collapse of both military and economy. Instead of learning a lesson, the concerned people will assign blames to each other and allocate more funds towards the military budget. This particular trend prevalent among American politicians and other concerned people is evident from President Obama’s directions which, despite the financial crisis of 2008, do not allow any decrease in funds for national security. American principles are based on the supposition that the country is unique and can mold the world in whichever manner they desire. The incidents that happened over the past couple of years don’t support this idea. American claims of being a peace-loving country are refuted by incidents such as the bombing of Hiroshima, mass torture, and assassination plots. Such incidents have refuted the power and economic excellence of America. America’s history, since World War II, has been a mix of great acumen, foolishness, sightlessness, commendable accomplishments, and irresponsible judgments. Future policies of America should be formulated while considering the implications and global rebellion. America’s annual expenditure of maintaining its armed forces runs into billions of dollars. The money is also used to fund election campaigns and is distributed among constituencies by way of lucrative contracts. Retired military personnel is offered well-paid jobs in weapons manufacturing units and/or consulting firms that are normally referred to as ‘Beltway Bandits’. In the past, a feeling of pride of Americans led them to follow John Winthrop’s idea of creating a ‘city upon a hill’ (about Massachusetts Bay Colony). President Washington also advised Americans to follow an exceptional path to excellence that had traits of ‘justice and benevolence’. European-style imperialism started plan
To remain competitive, organizations in dynamically shifting environments witnessed in the 21 st century have realized the essence and importance of systematically setting performance standards with their planning objectives using a multiplicity of controls. Indeed, many have realized that the uniqueness of their controls plays a critical role in their sustained ability to compete favorably in the turbulent economic waters, and those who have failed to recognize the unequivocal place of controls in modern business atmosphere have often failed to wade through (Turner & Makhya, 2006). It is the purpose of this paper to evaluate how the three control levels – tactical, operational, and strategic – are tied in with the planning and goal setting capacities at Sheraton Desert Inn, Las Vegas, and further elaborate on why planning and control should be tied together. Strategic control can be defined as the long-term process of monitoring and evaluating the direction of the organization in terms of whether the various strategies adopted are assisting its internal environment to be synchronized with the external environment in the context of shifting environmental and competitive actions (Rea & Kerzner, 2001). Tactical control entails short-term, short range oversights mainly practiced by middle level managers with the explicit purpose of controlling the movements or maneuvers necessary for the successful accomplishment of the tasks assigned. Operational control entails the day to day logistics and oversight to ensure the organization’s schedules, specifications, and costs runs smoothly. The top management at Sheraton Desert Inn, Las Vegas, strategically focuses on monthly sales totals of food versus the total food costs to facilitate planning for tighter cost controls in line with the hotel’s goals and mission statement. Tactically, the hotel’s management always ensures that quality control objectives for services offered are being met to customer expectations. Operationally, the management controls day-to-day ordering and supply of essential commodities and foodstuffs to facilitate the smooth running of the hotel. The hotel and hospitality business is one of the most competitive in Las Vegas, but Sheraton Desert Inn has managed to maintain its competitive advantage by harmonizing its control levels with its planning and goal setting functions. While underlining the hotel’s exemplary performance, Rea & Kerzner (2001) argues that the harmonization of its control mechanisms with its planning and goal setting functions has enabled the hotel to enhance customer, employee, supplier, and stakeholder confidence. Lee (2000) argues that the agility of the hotel’s