ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Los Angeles is home to the world’s music industry since many major music labels have their headquarters in this city. Every year, aspiring musicians move to Los Angeles wishing to find ways to start their careers and become famous worldwide. Yet, songs made by Los Angeles artists also reflect the personal stories and experiences that they encounter living in LA neighborhoods. Ultimately, as noted by Josh Kun, “songs… can ground us in a sense of home…, and reimagine just what home can mean” (183). Kun’s statement particularly holds true for Los Angeles, which has a diverse music scene where each area has its own songs and genres, which help listeners understand life in these places. In the 1990s, Compton, a city inhabited by African Americans, became one of the most iconic locations for rap fans around the world. The area produced numerous artists who were not afraid of talking about their struggles of living in Compton through an innovative art form of rap. The gangster rap songs made in the late 1980s and the early 1990s in Compton highlighted the experiences of African Americans with gang activity and police brutality in Los Angeles. It is clear that NWA was the most influential rap band from Compton, who managed to attain commercial success after the release of their “Straight Outta Compton” single. The song begins with Ice Cube’s verse which instantly sets the tone for the rest of the song. Ice Cube states that he is a dangerous individual who can easily respond with aggression and violence. He raps, “Here’s a murder rap to keep y’all dancin’ with a criminal record like Charles Manson” (“Straight”). In this line, Ice Cube alludes to Charles Manson, one of the most notorious criminals in LA history who murdered several people. The short chorus of the song, which constitutes one phrase, “Straight outta Compton,” functions as a reminder to the listener about the band’s city and the tough character of the locals (“Straight”). Essentially, NWA wanted to clearly state that Compton was a place where people were always ready to retaliate if someone tried to harm them. The emergence of NWA in Compton was, to a certain extent, determined by the city’s difficult socio-economic situation. In the late 1980s and 1990s, Compton was a place synonymous with gangs and violence associated with constant
Introduction A work course on strategic management, in particular, strengthening this organizational approach, is a significant aspect of control over business activities. About the Marlands Shopping Center, this company adheres to a dynamic policy of interaction with consumers and seeks to establish productive sales by engaging the target audience constantly. However, in the context of standard business principles and a classical investment model, the threats of competitors’ advantages and the loss of profits due to outdated approaches to organizing activities grow. To ensure the stable operation of the retail business in question and eliminate the risks associated with other participants in this market segment, introducing modern and advanced strategies is essential. As a suitable business development methodology at the Marlands Shopping Center, implementing corporate social responsibility (CSR) principles can be a successful intervention. The analysis of this approach in the context of individual business strategies may allow determining the value of this methodology about ensuring a sustainable business. The implementation of relevant CSR practices is important for creating a reliable market background and recognition among the consumer audience due to well-chosen and socially-oriented development steps. Task Background and Context The Marlands Shopping Center is one of Southampton’s well-known retailers providing its services to a wide range of clients. At the same time, according to Dover (2019) who analyses trading activities based on Mintel reports, during special sales and holidays, many centers offer topical discount and bonus programs for customers. Such an outcome can be threatening for the Marlands Shopping Center business because the inability to satisfy consumer needs and ensure pricing at the level of competitors is fraught with falling demand. In this regard, there is an increasing need to develop a sustainable business development program to maintain stable sales and customer interest. As Engert, Rauter, and Baumgartner (2016) note, strategic management may be a significant strategy that, in addition to its advantages, involves conducting business in better and more favorable conditions compared to those of competitors. The threats of falling demand and profit loss explain the need for conducting appropriate interventions and developing relevant principles of market activity for the organization under consideration. These tasks suit the business profile of the enterprise and may allow directing the retailer’s work in a strategically nece
System Definition As the main goals of the project is to increase security, introduce effective identification methods, and improve customers’ experiences, the chosen system should meet a number of requirements like to be compact, helpful, securing, and effective. RFID is considered to be one of the most promising and effective technologies discovered during the recent years as it helps to save money, time, and space (Attaran, 2012). The RFID wristbands system is the chosen technology for Just Relax Inc due to a number of positive concepts identified: as a rule, such wristbands are not obtrusive, they help to reduce transaction times, and they do not cost too much so the company should spend big money on its implementation. Finally, the software for such system is not hard to find and implement. Requirements Analysis Nowadays, there are many professional organizations that aim at implementing special RFID wristbands. There is no necessity to spend much time learning and evaluating the needs and requirements of the chosen system. It is enough to find a company, place an order, identify the details and the necessary characteristics, and wait for the RFID wristbands system being implemented. There is only one task that has to be complete – each RFID wristband should be ac
Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, is a technology used to extract natural gas from shale formations. The method utilizes water mixed with chemicals to make small fractures in shale, allowing natural gas to leave the rock (EPA, Hydraulic Fracturing for Oil and Gas 1). Although few studies found negative effects of fracturing on people’s health, some activists claim that fracking can have serious consequences for people living close to gas production wells. Josh Fox’s movie Gasland and its sequel Gasland II have stirred the communities all over the United States by portraying the negative health effects of fracking. Southland was released in 2012 in response to Gasland . However, whereas Gasland relies on speculation and unproven suggestions aimed to destabilize the gas production industry, Truthland offers a more objective exploration that diminishes the vast majority of Fox’s claims. Summary Gasland II begins with the discussion of hydraulic fracturing technology and its potential effects on groundwater resources and the environment. Fox then proceeds to discuss several cases where residents living close to gas production sites complained about the negative health effects of fracking ( Gasland II ). For example, Fox interviewed Lesley Stahl, who found an unusual amount of gas in house drinking water, which caused water to catch fire ( Gasland II ). Throughout the film, Fox stresses that fracking is exempt from the Safe Drinking Water Act, which means that companies are not obliged to inform people of the chemicals they are using, thus presuming that the chemicals affect house water quality ( Gasland II ). Together with other Dimock families, the Stahls attempted to sue the gas production company for contaminating their water supply, “but no permanent solution for residents’ water contamination had been proposed” (Fox, Gasland II ). After reviewing several cases, Fox concludes that fracking is a conspiracy against the entire U.S. population ( Gasland II ). The film ends with famous footage of a man lighting his faucet on fire. Southland is a relatively short documentary that stays close to the point and does not use any impressive visuals to stress the findings. Instead, the film begins with Shelly explaining the reason for beginning to work on the film. Shelly states that she lives atop the Marcellus Shale, which is among the largest sources of natural gas in the world ( Truthland ). After watching Gasland , she and her family decided to explore if the claims were true and if they needed to worry about their health. Together, Shelly and her family composed a list of questions about fracking, and she began her journey across the country to obtain answers from industry professionals, researchers, officials, and local residents. Throughout the film, Shelly refers to Fox’s claims, proving that the vast majority of them are misleading. For instance, although Fox stated that no solution was found to the quality of drinking water in Dimock, Shelley visited a rancher living in the same area who explained that there is safe drinking water and that the water supply
Introduction Smallpox is caused by either of the two viruses by the name Variola major and Variola minor and it is a unique infectious disease to humans. The Latin calls it Variola or Variola vera which is derived from the word varius which means pimples or spotted. It was during the 15th century when the term was first used and this was to distinguish between syphilis which in other words was referred to as the great pox. According to Frank (1998), “smallpox emerged from in human populations about 10,000 BC. The disease killed an estimated 400,000 Europeans each year during the 18th century and was responsible for a third of all blindness. Between 20 and 60 percent of all those infected and over 80% of infected children died from the disease.” Statistics show that the estimates of those who died from smallpox during the 20th century were between 300 and 500 million people. A million cases of smallpox were reported each year in the early 1950s and this forced the World Health Organization to start a vaccination campaign against the disease. The campaign became successful and by December 1979 the WHO announced to have certified the eradication of smallpox. Smallpox is the only human infectious disease to have been eradicated completely up to date. Main body The smallpox vaccine was the first successful globally ever to be effective. Edward Jenner perfected it in 1796 when he acted upon the observation that milkmaids were catching the cowpox virus and he wanted to prevent them from catching smallpox. His advice was that all local cow workers should be inoculated. However, the vaccine materials used by early vaccinators were not reliably derived from cowpox but from other skin eruptions of cows. Due to this problem, an effective scientific model and controlled production were important in reducing these cases and improving the existing vaccine. In the UK around 1974, the death rate from smallpox was approximately one per million and this made the vaccination against smallpox with vaccinia the most effective. The disease was declared officially eradicated in 1979 and this was due to the successful development of the smallpox vaccine. Though the vaccine was successful, it is not yet clear who first initiated smallpox vaccination for the predecessors Plett, Sevel, Jensen, and Rendall, Louis T. Wright are also considered to be the pioneer of the smallpox vaccine during World War I. “The development of vaccine for smallpox was quickened when The United States Health and Human Services Secretary requested the United Kingdom biotechnology company by the name Acambis to speed up its development of a new smallpox vaccine due to fear of bio-terrorism attacks.”(LeDucJw, 2001). There are vaccines that are in storage at the US Centers around 140,000 vials but these are considered to be unclean or they are made of cow tissue. The United Kingdom biotechnology company signed a deal with the CDC for the initial production of a 40 million dose stockpile of the new vaccine and annual pro
Research Methods Applicable To the Question When planning to research the evaluation and enhancement of e-waste management in Dubai, one of the initial steps that one has to make is to come up with an appropriate methodology that can be used to collect and analyze data. According to Card (2016), research can only achieve the intended goal if it is carefully planned and executed effectively. Sources of data, instruments, and resources needed for the study and the timeline within which various activities should be completed need to be outlined. In this section of the paper, the researcher focuses on various research methods applicable to the research question. As Walliman (2016) observes, it is always prudent to discuss all the methods that can be used in a given study before explaining which one of them was considered most appropriate. The following are some of the possible research methods that can be used to evaluate how to enhance e-waste management in the United Arab Emirates, specifically in the city of Dubai. Life Cycle Assessment Approach The life cycle assessment approach, also known as eco-balance or cradle-to-grave analysis, is defined by Izatt (2016, p. 67) as “a technique to assess environmental impacts associated with all the stages of a product’s life from raw material extraction through materials processing, manufacture, distribution, use, repair and maintenance and disposal or recycling.” As shown in figure 1 below, the first step is the acquisition of raw materials. The focus should be to minimize waste at this stage of extraction as much as possible. The second phase is manufacturing. It is the responsibility of a firm to ensure that manufacturing is conducted by the set policies on waste management. Packaging of the products and their distribution are the next phases. The firm should monitor wastes at each of these stages. The direct responsibility of a firm to manage e-wastes ends at the distribution stage when the product is handed over to the customer. The user will then be responsible for the effective use of the product within its lifespan. According to Card (2016), some of the leading electronic companies are currently coordinating with their customers to coordinate the disposal of electronic products at the end of their life cycle. As a way
Business concept Vision statement The company’s vision is “to be a dynamic national brand that will focus on providing the public with a permanent escape from the expensive services offered by our competitors”. This will be done through the provision of timely and interactive services for music shoppers in order to allow them save on time and money. Mission statement The business will seek to promote local population’s interest in music services through an expansion of the public’s exposure to music via the one-stop shops as well as the internet. This shall also include introducing this area to the market segments that are yet to be fully utilised. Therefore, it presents an excellent business opportunity. Product description Music of all types will be available in the store as well as on its website. Popular music will be one of the main products at the store. It will also seek to ensure that music is provided in all forms- DVDs, CDs and downloadable pieces. However, the company will primarily deal with music products that are popular among the young people. In addition, the company will obtain these products and services from a wide range of sources in order to meet the demands of the clients. Customer description Zeek’s Music Store targets a wide range of customers but will place an emphasis on young people aged between 14 and 35 years. In fact, this group of people make the largest group of people looking for the lat
Introduction The environment surrounds people; environment is defined as natural and artificial surroundings. The surroundings affects and are affected by human activities. Taking people as the central point, any other thing that surrounds human kind is environment. People directly or indirectly depend on natural surroundings for their live hood. It is through exploitation of these resources that men get food, industrialisation raw materials, and medicine among others. In the efforts to satisfy human satiable needs, natural environment has been destroyed or damaged and in return, it affects the human life. To reduce poverty, attain equality in resource distribution, and feed current generation without limiting future generation capability of feeding its population, a healthy planet is required. Other than economic effects of environmental damage, there are psychological and emotional effects of world’s gradual environmental damage (Sutton, 2007). This paper looks into various components of environmental sustainability. Environmental sustainability Millennium Goals recognised environmental sustainability as one of the major global social and economic responsibility of different states, firms and individuals. It encompasses actions taken to ensure that limited natural resources are utilized in an appropriate and effective manner that current generation will meet its needs effectively without limiting the capability of future generation in meeting theirs. Resources are not equally distributed, however they are enough for the entire world population only if they are well managed and organised. Despite this recognition of the need to protect the environment, forests, land, water, and fisheries are often over-exploited by few individuals who have influence and acts for self-interests. On page 6, Sutton, is of the opinion that there is a great connection between environmental damage, industrialisation and urbanisation; he observes that human beings have altered the natural environment and resulted to living in unclean, polluted environment, on its hand, the environment have limited the benefits that human beings could have derived from it. Factors that limit the attainment of environmental sustainability goal The world is fast industrializing and urban centres are growing. Industrial processes and urban population emit pollutants to
Hunger, or food insecurity, in the U.S. has changed significantly from how it appeared and was perceived in the 20th century. By the year 2012, at least 48 million Americans were experiencing food insecurity, an increase of 57 percent since the last years of the 1990s (McMillan). Following the increase in hungry households, food, soup pantries, and other private food programs grew into the thousands. Many of the people that are found in such situations are employed, married, or in families where parents or other family members may be working. Despite this, it is common to find people with acceptable employment and housing waiting for food stamps or services by other food programs. Outside the already detrimental issue of lacking food, such conditions caused by food insecurity result in the purchase of processed and unhealthy foods. This is directly related to a number of health issues in both adults and children. Despite having less access to food, obesity and overweightness can often be observed in people suffering from food insecurity. Often, obesity and the lack of access to nutritious food are linked, as are many health issues related to the inadequate access to healthy foods that are experienced so frequently in these families. Though it can be assumed that such a crisis in the unavailability of food may be caused by shortages, infrastructural challenges, or unstable markets, these factors are only a portion of the issue. The primary causes for food insecurity in the U.S. include poverty, employment instability, and inadequate support from the government. Poverty is the central cause of food insecurity in the U.S., though it also depends on a number of other factors. The U.S. has an incredibly bountiful agricultural and food production market, with the ability to produce enough grains, poultry, red meat, and dairy for every individual. However, the actual availability of these products depends on market demand, which is a reflection of poverty levels to some extent. Some families or individuals may not be able to afford to buy these products, which lowers demands and causes wastage in the agricultural and food sector. As such, the market is not experiencing any serious instability, and the public is not experiencing a shortage, but the financial state of certain families does not allow them to purchase appropriate or any amounts of food products. Up to 40 percent of families that are living below the federally mandated poverty rate of $23,850 have reported hunger or food insecurity (Riches, 2018). The risk posed to single parents and households with children that currently live below the poverty line. Not only does poverty lead to general food insecurity, but it directly affects the health of adults and children. Children are particularly vulnerable, and children within impoverished households with low access to f