ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Correlation to Althusser’s connection to structuralism When examining the illogical nature of China’s construction industry, it bears a great deal of similarity to Althusser’s connection to structuralism wherein he states that there are overarching socio-economic and ideological structures that ultimately have power to determine the other elements of the system, even though these other elements have a fair degree of autonomy. In this particular case, it can clearly be seen that there is an overarching system in the form of the state capitalist based economic model of China that has influenced its government to such an extent that it pursued a path of real estate development that focused on creating high value properties. Since real estate development is normally an independent and autonomous system that is based on consumer demand, the fact that real estate developers in China still adamantly pursues high end development despite lack luster demand is indicative of a structural system in place that dictates their actions. Evidence of this can be seen when examining regional wage developments within China (Sujian, 207-224). It was noted that the average salary of an ordinary Chinese worker is roughly 2,000 to 4,000 Yuan per month, which when converted utilizing the current monetary value of the British pound is equivalent to 190 and 380 pounds respectively or $270 and $520. While the wage can still relatively low, it is still considered by the Chinese government as an adequate level of monetary compensation for a bare minimum standard of living. An examination of average property prices for affordable housing within China done by Bradsher (2013) reveals that the average median home price within the country is equivalent to $114,900 The pricing situation present in China’s cities is roughly equivalent to average prices within western countries such as the U.S. yet the wage demographics within China is 6 times lower making most housing within the country unattainable by the average worker. What this shows is a failure on the part of a overarching structuralist system that attempted to grow based on a particular predetermined path yet failed spectacularly due to limited vision regarding the ramifications of its actions. China’s Real Estate Market Within the past 2 decades China’s economy has grown to become the second largest economy in the world as a direct result of government initiatives into encouraging foreign direct investment, local entrepreneurship and real estate development (Hui, 951-961). Unfortunately, as noted by studies such as “Study On China Real Estate Price Bubble: Will It Burst Soon? (2011)”, though there may be a high rate of property development occurring within China’s cities there is an increasingly prevalent rate of housing surplus within the country with well over 70 million surplus housing units expected to reach completion by the end of 2013. As stated by Shen (2009), ordinarily having a certain level of housing surplus would be fine if such housing initiatives were created in order to meet expected demand within the near future, however, Shen (
Technology is important into determining cars and their viability in this twenty first century. Japanese cars happen to be the best cars in comparison to those of America, the comparison includes viability in terms of technology, economy and sensitivity to the environment. Background of Origin of Cars Cars are four wheeled vehicles that use motor to move. These four wheeled drive have had a long history since their invention. Modernity has played a major role in the development of these vehicles. Technology which has proven to be the most celebrated medium for rapid change has had a lot of impact in the automobile industry. It is the main reason for the development of the current most valued and classy cars in the market. Additionally, technology has led to the creation of the most environmentally friendly cars. Due to the effects of the production of pollutants in the environment, people have endeavored to own cars that environmentally friendly. However, there are those who do not mind the effects that the cars pose to environment and have decided to go for the classic type of cars that are not friendly to the surrounding. This unfriendliness is in terms of air and sound pollution. The differences in the taste for cars have led to the argument comparison of cars in Japan and the United States of America. Some people think that Japanese cars are better while others fill that America has the best cars. America America has had a long history of owning the best manufactured goods in the whole wide world. In the past, most African countries and other countries from other continents used to buy their automobiles from United States of America. This is because America was stereotyped as a super power hence anything from the America was ideal. This led to the increase in the economic status of America and also the popularity of the country as a whole. Moreover, many sales were made by America in the past that are incomparable to Japan. The high turnover of sales has been used as to be the best business ideology of what is exemplary. Globalization also has had a stake in the marketing of these cars to the rest of the world. Having an economic goodwill means being the best in the economic world or sector (Bellis 52). America has a taste for the appearance rather than the basics of environmental friendly products. Although it is fashionable to have these classy products, it is not fashionable to be in a polluted environment. Several years back there were calls by different lobby groups that advocate for environmental protection in America which saw a paradigm shift to innovation that was at least environmental friendly production. Japan On the other hand, Japan has been topping the list on the world’s car trade in terms of manufacturing the best cars ever. This can be confirmed by the awards that Toyota and other automobile industries in Japan have achieved in most recent times. Although they did not feature in the past record of best car manufacturing companies, their advancement in the industry was slow but sure in business. Theirs was a thought
Introduction The book under analysis provides an account of the importance of prioritizing human resources for managing the business world and other spheres of social life. The authors criticize the daily routine in which people are involved because machines have become dominating tools for constructing reality. The automated environment created a number of adversities and hurdles for managers operating in a modern social setting. It also emphasized the necessity to introduce new strategic schemes for managing the technological environment. In fact, social media has become the leading tool in exchanging and sharing information within the businesses and beyond it, which makes it challenging for humans to operate by means of outdated managerial practices. In this respect, the authors call for returning to the roots of human communication and interaction in order to avert the computer revolution and develop a new business setting. More importantly, Notter and Grant focus on the techniques that can make business organizations more human, as well as provide guidelines for people who plan to integrate changes to their businesses. Main discussion To provide supporting evidence, the authors have conducted extensive research on the main constructs of the modern business environment, as well as how it is influenced by technological intervention. In particular, references are made to such reliable newspapers as the New York Times , revealing inform
Up until comparatively recent times, it used to account for a common assumption among critics that, in order for cinematographic adaptations of a particular literary piece to be considered successful, they must be thoroughly consistent with the original literary work’s discursive aspects. This point of view, however, can no longer be considered as such that represents an undeniable truth-value. The reason for this is quite apparent – the highly dynamic realities of a post-industrial living bring a new qualitative dimension to even those literary works that were produced as recently, as a few decades ago. What it means is that, as of today, the classical indications of adaptational fidelity have been effectively deprived of their former theoretical legitimacy (Zhang 86). Nowadays, in order for a particular cinematographic adaptation to be considered successful, it must be thoroughly attuned to the original novel’s spirit, rather than being merely consistent with the novel’s discursively relevant themes and motifs. The validity of this statement can be well illustrated in regards to the 2006 adaptation of Phillip Dick’s novel A Scanner Darkly, by Richard Linklater. This is because Linklater’s adaptation does not only explore the theme of an identity-loss (which defines the original novel’s discursive significance) in a clearly defined expressionist manner, consistent with the author’s writing style, but it also prompts viewers to assess this theme as such that fully correlates with the discursive realities of a post-industrial living. In my paper, I will aim to substantiate the legitimacy of this suggestion at length. When it comes to discussing what can be considered the discursively legitimate indications of the cinematographic adaptation’s fidelity, it represents the matter of a crucial importance to proceed with doing it within the conceptual framework of a circumstantially appropriate theory of adaptation. Before we do it, however, we would have to gain an in-depth insight into Linklater’s personal view of what account for the indications of an adaptational fidelity and into what prompted him to proceed with ensuring his adaptation’s faithfulness in a manner that has very little to do with Hollywood’s classical cinematographic conventions. From the available interviews with Linklater, it appears that the foremost reason why he wanted to adapt Dick’s novel, is that he believed that by doing it, he would be able to contribute to the process of more and more Americans becoming aware of the counterproductive essence of contemporary dynamics in the society, “Linklater: It seemed very relevant in the post-9/11 mindset that the ‘war on drugs’ would kind of meld in with the ‘war on terror’ and your personal liberties would kind of go away. Suspicion would increase – the idea of turning in everybody” (Esther 65). In other words, it is specifically his adaptation’s potential ability to emphasize the acuteness of the original novel’s motifs, in regards to the modern aspects
Public Health Significance Public health is a vital health care department that provides information on diseases including prevalence and mortality rates. This aids in preventing and controlling the diseases by providing awareness and effective measures. It involves different studies in order to prevent, control, and eliminate diseases (Orla & Colin, 2011). Endpoint (disease/injury) The diseases related to the central nervous system, due to exposure of pesticides, include Parkinson’s and Alzheimer disease. They are degenerative diseases which result to low cognitive performance. Study purpose The main objective of the study was to find out the linkage between neurodegenerative diseases in elderly group and cumulative pesticide exposure for long periods. Key points   * Neurodegenerative disease contribute to the rise of mortality rate in United States   * The mortality is expected to rise greatly between 1990 and 2040.   * Exposure to pesticides is the main cause of rise of the neurodegenerative disease like Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer disease   * There is no specific dosage of pesticide estimated to cause the disease neither there is a specific type of pesticide.   * Only few studies have worked on the link between exposure of pesticides and Alzheimer disease.   * Prevalence/Incidence Rates The incidence rates are rising in the United States. The study shows 24 incidence cases of Parkinson’s disease and 96 cases of Alzheimer. High prevalence was indicated in men than in women. Relative Risk Relative risk varied depending on various factors including occupational exposure, rural residency, and the primary role in agriculture. Relative risk of Parkinson’s disease in men with occupational exposure was found to be 6.05% while in women, it was 0.81%. The percentage lowered in other factors. Alzheimer disease relative risk was low compared with Parkinson’s disease (Baldi, 2003). Under occupational exposure 2.86% relative risk was recorded in men and 0.89% in women. Sample Size Power The sample involved 1507 people, where women were predominant. The sample used on the study was reliable to give the outcomes. Information Bias The information collected from the subjects is not biased since the study involved a face to face interview and the questionnaires which were filled during the interview. Study population The study involved elderly people of age 65 years and above from the Paquid study. They included those who were living in an institution or at home in Gironde, southwestern France in 1987. The study took approximately 10 years. Due to the long duration of study some of the subjects died while others refused to be visited. This reduced the initial number of subjects on which the study was carried out. Majority of the subjects had high levels of education hence most of them were employed in blue-collar jobs. The
Metropolis is a German movie that was made in the middle of the 1920s. This film is silent and has subtitles for the viewers to understand the plotline better. Metropolis is a dystopia that takes place in the future. The year chosen by the movie director, Fritz Lang, for the events in the film is 2026, 101 years from the time when the film was made. The makers of this movie incorporated multiple themes in its story. Some of the most important issues raised in Metropolis are the class division in the society, the gap between the rich and the poor, loyalty, brotherhood, and friendship, the tyranny and autocracy of politicians, the ignorance of the upper class to the problems faced by the poor. Also, some other themes explored in the film were occultism and darker powers, and the rapid development of technology enabling it to replace people as workers and decision-makers. As mentioned by Michael Minden 1 , for a long time, Metropolis used to be analyzed within the context of its time and country where it was produced. In that way, knowing that it was made during the time of the Weimar Republic and National Socialism in Germany, critics attempted to locate these themes in the movie. However, Minden proposed a different approach and explored the film in the context of US history and perspective. Namely, the author discussed the meaning of technology in the story as well as its ambivalent value for humanity. The robot able to replace people as workers made
Depression is a psychological state of mind in which a person suffers from low mood and also the person becomes avert to regular activities. It is a widely used term in the modern World, and it is seen that depression is a common psychological problem among the post-modern generation, and it happens with frustration in the workplace, along with other things. There are many symptoms of depression like persistent sadness or the feeling of not being happy in anything, hopelessness in every sphere of life, Sometimes depression can bring a suicidal tendency to a person too. Fatigue, restlessness, insomnia, and other problems are regular occurrences in the case of depression too. Some of the other forms of depression are medically termed as personality disorder and adjustment disorder, which generally happens with depression (Santor 2008). It is a shock to know that a recent study, Santor (2008), showed that 20% of the population in a developed country has been suffered from acute depression in some stages of their lives. It is a mental sickness and the psychological counseling of a depressed patient is one of the most important solutions that can be offered by a medical practitioner (Santor 2008). Also, the three most common treatments for depression are psychotherapy. This is the personal counseling of a patient with the doctor, and it is one of the very best processes. There is also the usage of “ psychiatric medication and last but not the least, electroconvulsive therapy ” (Shafer 2006). Electroconvulsive therapy is the process of giving electrical shocks to the mental patient. In the case of a physician dealing with a mental patient, the most preferable way is the first option that is psychotherapy. In this way, the physician creates inter-personal communication with the patient and tries to solve his mental problems by giving different solutions. This type of treatment mainly aims to improve the sense of the individual by showing them what is well for him. There are some parts of the treatment like, relationship building with the patient, and after that free communication with the patient with the means of dialogues and other psychological processes. There are different schools of psychology but all of them focus on the well-being of the patient with making inter-personal communication with them, that is spoken communication with the patient. In this case, it has to be mentioned that in some countries, mental patients under the age of 18 are only allowed to use psychotherapy to cure their depression (Harter 2004). The uses of psychoactive medications, which are medically termed psychiatric medication, are generally used to treat the mental disorder in an advanced state. It leaves an effect on the mental state, but sometimes these drugs leave a physical effect to
A Brief Introduction AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) was discovered in the early eighties. In those days, an individual who was infected with the deadly AIDS virus was stated to live for a few years only. Nowadays, after the introduction of antiretroviral medications, an HIV patient can lead a healthier and longer life. There have been various therapeutic strategies that have been devised the world over to counter the menace of AIDS. By the latest study, the Food and Drug Administration has approved 30 antiretroviral drugs to counter the effects of the deadly AIDS virus Classes of Drugs According to the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the drugs, which are primarily used for treating AIDS, can be divided into four broad categories. The first group is the reverse transcriptase inhibitors. They perform reverse transcription and convert HIV RNA into HIV DNA. There are two kinds of RT inhibitors. The first is called nucleoside, while the second is called non-nucleoside. The second category of AIDS medications is called Protease Inhibitors. They block the viral particles produced by HIV from spreading inside the human body. The third category of anti-HIV drugs is the Entry and Fusion Inhibitors. They block the entry into the host cells and stop the virus from entering inside the protease enzymes. The multidrug combinations product is the final category of medications that are used to fight the deadly AIDS virus. They combine drugs from more than a single category to produce a single medication. Development of Safe Antiretroviral Drugs According to the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, there have been widespread researches wherein leading medical institutes have tried to develop drugs that are both safe as well as effective for patients suffering from the dreaded HIV infection. Through the means of human clinical trials, researchers have been able to develop new agents which are far better than their predecessors. NAID has taken an initiative by promoting the cause for the introduction of enhanced drugs. They have done so by conducting researches and collecting data from more than 10,000 patients. Side Effects of Antiretroviral Drugs As compared to the ordinary drug regimes, the medications which are used to counter the deadly AIDS virus are susceptible to low adherence. At present, AIDS patients are supposed to take several medicines a day. This in turn proves to be harmful in the longer run. Patients frequently complain of nausea and vomiting. At the same time, antiretroviral drugs may cause unpleasant side effects such as uneven fat distribution in the human body, lipid and glucose metabolic change, and the loss of bone density. These abnormal metabolic changes can often lead to ill health and low quality of life. Hence, efforts are to improve the quality of drugs by making them more efficient and effective. (Colfax, Guzman) Conclusion There has been widespread use of the club drug while treating HIV-infected patients. Acute and chronic medical consequences have been found in the usage of club
The project aims to explore the questions behind people’s sexual orientation identification and the reasons behind it. Some people consider sexuality a subject of choice; others argue that the environment cannot dictate a person what sex attracts them. The latter group proceeds with the argument that sexuality is determined biologically, making it an aspect of one’s identity, which should be protected by the government (Sheldon et al., 2017). To further explore people’s perspectives on the matter, the project’s topic can be phrased as the following research question: does the environment affect people’s sexual orientation? While exploring the subject of the research, the following dependant and independent variables related to the topic were identified with the help of the GSS database. The dependent variable is sexort, which stands for respondent’s sexual orientation. The question related to this variable is: which of the following best describes you? This variable was chosen due to the fact that it allows determining what environment has surrounded the respondent. The independent variable related to the topic of the project is sexbirth, which stands for the sex assigned at birth. The GSS question for this variable is: What sex were you assigned at birth (for example, on your birth certificate)? The sexbirth variable was chosen since it is necessary to identify respondents’ sexuality and homosexual individuals for the research. There is an essential correlation between the two variables that can facilitate the project’s research. People’s sex identification significantly affects their lives and experiences. For example, the environments surrounding a male and a female can differ critically. As a result, such differences in the environment’s impact can affect people’s identification with sexual orientation.