ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Business to Business marketing has proved to be the most important tool in internet marketing. Since business operations have embraced E-Commerce, the players must use particular strategies in enhancing communication with maximum efficiency and speed. Therefore, this paper focuses on two articles with feeble articulation of B2B internet communication or messages because it affects the company in its attempt to provide of the basic information and to sell and/or buy items via the internet. Discussion Poor articulation of messaging when advertising on the internet affect the useful strategies of internet communication that the companies use, in order to make them effectively deliver specific information about the company and its products (Hutt & Thomas, 2002). Adherence to the communication strategies improves the efficiency with which the businesses are conducted. In business, the quality of the information delivered, depends on the strategy and method used, thus compromising the message quality will eventually affect the outcome of the marketing strategy that the company applies (Kelley, 2009). Some companies do not use effective methods of delivering the information about their products on the internet. This is as a result of poor communication and/or messaging. Notably, feebly articulated B2B internet communication or messages are the primary causes of business failures, especially those that conduct their businesses on the internet (Hutt & Thomas, 2002). A communication idea that is inadequately crafted will not offer the intended information to the buyers. Often, such information are rushed without fine-tuning the content and usually have grammatical errors, spelling mistakes, lack of sub-headings, non-inclusion of the subject line, lack of convincing images, among other errors, which render it useless. In addition, it will not give the real purpose for which the communication was to serve. Though the cost of internet communication is relatively low, when the messages sent via email, mobile text and fax, among others do not carry the correct information, the company cannot realize the sales return that the company anticipated (Hutt & Thomas, 2002). This is because; the clients would reject such erroneous information even when asked to give a comment. Furthermore, internet messages could be directed to the users who are not responsive and do not serve the interest the interest of the customers. The attributes of a badly done internet message could have some of the following features. First, purpose for the message might not be appealing or does not contain the persuasive language for which it wanted to achieve (Kelley, 2009). For example, if the theme of the message is, “the sale is almost over”, yet the business has just commences, some potential buyers could not prefer to purchase the good for fear of buying goods, which have expired. Second, the message might not be personalized, though it is directed to a particular individual (Kelley, 2009). This is an inadequate message construction because; it should be directed to the recipient so that he/she might have the sense of recognition. Sometimes, the message might not inclu
Gender and race pay gap have been a topic of discussion not only among sociologists as any average person strives to be treated fairly when compared to his or her colleagues. The difference in paychecks that people receive for their work is troubling, as there is an implication of racism and sexism. The sociological imagination enables one to study facts without reliance on personal experiences; thus, it should be applied to this problem. This paper aims to examine the issue of the pay gap by collecting various viewpoints from newspaper articles and identifying sociological implications. The exact nature of the social problem is that particular groups of people receive lesser financial compensations for performing their work when compared to other groups. Thus, the primary stakeholders in the question are women including women of color, and people of varied ethnicities such as Afro American, Latin, or Native American in particular. Men in particular white are benefiting from the current state, as they can out-earn the mentioned groups. Breaking down the issue along the different axes of inequality is crucial to understand its causes and consequences. According to Foley “Census Bureau study making the rounds consisted overwhelmingly (85 percent) of white couples, with Afro American couples and couples of other races making up just 7 percent each” (2018:15). Additionally, the author states that for women, the underlying cause of the issue is evident, as working and taking care of a baby is difficult. This results in a need to choose which aspect of life requires more dedication. Thus, some studies argue that the cause of men out-earning women is in the latter’s desire to care for their families. Moreover, for Afro-American women, the ability to be a stay-at-home mother is not always an option; thus they have to continue working. The issue is public trouble as it does not merely reflect one’s difficulties. In addition, the evidence suggests that there is a systemic occurrence of pay inequality. Thus, it was brought to public attention by various nonprofit organizations such as Equal Pay Today, fighting for the rights of women and ethnic minorities. Foley (2018) states that “I and many other female academics are on a professional trajectory that does not readily support having a family” (2018
Video and computer games emerged around the same time as role playing games during the 1970s, and there has always been a certain overlap between video and computer games and larger fantasy and sci-fi communities (King and Borland 2003). Many early games were solitary endeavors, but the past decade has witnessed a massive explosion in the popularity of networked games, with titles such as Doom and Quakes standing out as early exemplars. In the mid 1990s, online video and computer games (OVCGs), which could be played through servers that connect hundreds of thousands of computers together, began to appear across the US, Europe and Asia. Online video and computer games (OVCGs) do not require that players be physically co-present; rather, players gather in virtual game worlds where they play avatars- computer-mediated fantasy characters. For online video and computer games (OVCGs) to function it needs a computer as well as the software, instead of other tools used by several other games. In addition, many online games, such as EverQuest (Sony) and World of Warcraft (Blizzard), have a monthly subscription fee. Similar to Role-playing games (RPGs) and collectible Strategy Games (CSGs), but different from many non-networked video and computer games, Online video and computer games (OVCGs) are specifically designed to offer hundreds of hours of highly interactive gameplay and for the development of characters’ identities (Schubert 333). Online video and computer games have settings and systems, just like Role-playing games (RPGs), but the computer controls both, which simplifies the games in some important ways. Online video and computer games involve multiplayer game worlds and allow for instant peer-to-peer communication, either through typed conversation or through voice-over chat. As players cooperate with one another on multiple occasions and for multiple purposes, they develop the same sense of shared community, and become known to one another through their specific style of play and their characters’ names. Perhaps the biggest draw of on-line gaming, however, is the visual effects, which can be highly detailed with a sense of three dimensional spaces. The ability to play at any time one desires, for as long or as short a time as desired, is also an advantage since a player can find others online at any hour of the day or night. Many online games today allow for a high degree of character customization and allow various paths towards success, so it is possible to create an interesting, original character that is not only present in one’s head, or on a piece of paper, but which is walking, jumping, fighting, or flying on the screen in front of the player. As Online video and computer games become more akin to “movies that I can control” their attractiveness increases. Unfortunately, OVCGs requires a substantial monetary investment and a degree of technical proficiency. Additionally, Online video and computer games are still less portable RPGs and CSGs. Despite these problems, Online video and computer games are the fastest growing
Coca Cola South Pacific operates in New Zealand and Australia. The company offers consumers with different products and drinks. The success of Coca Cola Company results from its supply chain and unique brand name. The products of the company are unique and easy to identify. The consumers are aware of the Coca Cola products (Henry 2008, p. 21). This has made its business successful. However, several factors affect the company’s success. These factors include competition, poor transportation network, and declining consumption. The company faces various threats that affect its profitability. The Porter’s Five Forces identifies the business environment for Coca Cola South Pacific. The first force is the existence of rivalry in the market. This results from Pepsi and fruit juices from different companies. There are substitute goods that offer a challenge to Coca Cola’s drinks. These goods include tea, milk and alcoholic beverages (Kemp 2009, p. 26). The bargaining power of the suppliers affects the production levels of the company’s products. The suppliers provide packaging solutions and sugar to the company. The consumers also have their bargaining power. The nature of supply chains and pricing strategies determine the power of the customers. Strategy of the Major Competitors The major competitors for Coca Cola Company include Fruit Processing Companies and Pepsi. These companies use an effective strategy to market and distribute their products. The companies use low prices and proper packaging (Hays 2010, p. 74). This makes handling and transportation easier. Pepsi Company employs a strategic approach to market its drinks. The drinks have unique labels and names. This has made the marketing process successful for the company. The fruit juice industry uses different pricing strategies to attract more customers (Roy 2011, p. 65). The above approaches have made the competitors profitable. It is necessary for Coca Cola South Pacific to adopt new ideas. This will help the company to overcome the level of competition and become s
Ethical Approval When conducting nursing research, the researcher should adhere to ethical standards by applying ethical principles to study. For the first time, ethical principles that should be ensured in medical research were defined in the Declaration of Helsinki in 1964 (Heale & Shorten, 2017). Later, all other studies were regulated under these principles. While conducting this nursing research, the researcher will abide by the basic ethical positions determined by ethical standards. The researcher promises to convey the principle of respect for the individual, ensuring that the well-being of the participants takes precedence over the researcher’s interests. The researcher also agrees to conduct research in the best interests of society and science, minimizing the risks for research participants. Finally, the researcher pledges to adhere to the principle of fairness, that is, not to infringe on the interests of the participants. The researcher will guarantee fairness by ensuring complete anonymity in the storage and publication of data. The researcher will obtain approval from the ethics committee, which will review the ethical risks associated with human research. Therefore, the researcher will adhere to three basic principles, including minimizing harm or reducing risk to participants in the research process. The researcher will also ensure the informed consent of the participants, who will understan
Introduction Health sector has registered mixed results in the recent past. This is mainly due to counterfeit products sold in markets worldwide. For instance, pharmaceutical companies suffer heavy losses from sale of generic drugs by counterfeit manufactures. Effectively, health care stocks have been unpredictable despite heavy research on their current trends. In the process, several reversal strategies have been proposed to help monitor this trend. Historical and current experiences have shown complex relationship between health status and economic growth. Nonetheless, sustained growth in economy has shown a general improvement in health sector. Reversal trends have made prediction on health sector to be quite difficult. In fact, health sector has witnessed difficulties in recent times. Its performance has never been a reflective of other sectors of economy. This paper will try to establish why health sector reversal is driven and explore its uniqueness. Moreover, it will explore effect of systematic risk on heath sector, as well as recommend reversal strategies to investors (Hjalmarsson, 2009, p. 1-15). Why the Sector reversal is driven Stocks in health sector are quite sensitive to changes in momentum. In fact, other segments like industrial, among others, have been more reflective of economic performance than health sector. This is mainly because health issues usually affect both developed and developing worlds on a measurable scale. Moreover, the kind of issues faced tends to vary with culture and geographical location. For instance, sub Saharan Africa mainly faces subtropical health issues, which require different approaches from those faced in other parts of the world. In essence, investing in health sector can be rewarding at odd times due to its uniqueness. This makes it suitable for reversal strategies as opposed to other sectors like commerce, where trends are more predictable. Reversal strategies are quite profound in health sector in the contemporary world. This is mainly because over the years stocks in health sector have become rather recurrent. For instance, it goes up and down over a given period. It is, therefore, quite important that studies be done on
Introduction Caren J. Deming wrote the journal article, Hill Street Blues, as a Narrative in 1985. The essay discusses a television program that aired at a time when television producers demanded program quality. The author has used a narrative form to analyze the production in terms of the storyline, the timeline, the audience, and the characters. The producer of the program had translated a story in a book into a series. According to the viewers of the program and industry analysts, it had the right mindset and depicted an exact situation as represented in the book. Summary of the Essay, Method used, and Findings The essay has used a structured approach to set the pace for analysis. According to the author, a narrative should have the feature of separating a story from the rendering. If the feature does not come along, the narrative will not qualify as full-fledged. Thus, the two aspects join to make a narrative text. In the essay, the method used by was Deming (1985) borrowed the ideas of Chatman’s diagram described in his 1978 book. In the diagram, the author has used five aspects in analyzing and explaining the structure of the book. The real author of the book, the implied author that comes in when reading the text, the discourse of the story, the real audience, and the implied audience, create part of the elements. All these factors have contributed to the making of the story. At the same time, they have provided authors and scholars a chance to review the work as a way of continuing knowledge and research in the field. In summary, the text addresses a wide audience range. On the other hand, the composition of the story focuses on specific key characters that play a crucial role in making the story strong and appealing. Among the main characters in the story include Kevin Herman Dracula, television reporter Cynthia Chase, the Haitian woman, Billie Riles, and Officers Hill and Renko. In the story, there are five sub-stories analyzed by Deming. A temporal manifestation in the story brings out the discourse for analysis and makes the story appealing. In addition, the story takes many forms. For example, a narrative like the one in our case should have a narrative as a structure among its references. According to the story, there are problems throughout the narrative. However, they all depend on the way in which they end. In the story Hill Street Blues, all the five episodes provide a solution at their tail end. On the other hand, all the episodes provide answers to the little questions that have come up in the story. The findings of the analysis also revealed that the story contains a discourse attached to it. The central theme of melodrama repeats to make it a real example of a discourse narrative. A melodrama engages an urge and an impossibility of narration. In accordance with the story, many forms of discourse have arisen. For example, the style of the story, the time, space
Introduction Historically, past Australian developments emanated from the discovery of gold. However, many towns that contributed to this phenomenon are no longer recognizable. Faster developments were established in almost all states as more goldfields were established. The discovery of gold attracted thousands of miners from different places. The influx of miners into these places contributed to the establishment and growth of ancient Australian towns. Concurrently, this was associated with hardships, triumphs, and disappointments for the miners and their families. This article discerns various aspects of the Australian goldfields and the rise and fall of the associated towns. Major Incidences When people received information about the discovery of gold in Australia, they moved to the concerned places (goldfields) in search of wealth. Unfortunately, there were no facilities like houses in the places where the discoveries were made. This steered settlements in the concerned goldfields. Conversely, they used horses and wheelbarrows to execute duties. The majority incorporated men although women later joined them. In Bendigo, a woman discovered various goldfields. Historically, it is crucial to understand these provisions. Gold diggers formed campsites at places where they mined gold; nonetheless, they lived in tents. Later, they made huts using timber as the population increased. Consequently, shops emerged while other social amenities developed. Some traders built hotels and lodges using wood. The government equally erected facilities to handle criminals. It also established accommodation facilities for solders. Entertainment facilities also emerged at the goldfields and these included theaters. However, life in the gold mines was still hard. This is a critical provision in various contexts. The growing population at the mentioned goldfields emerged with various challenges. Gold diggers settled in small areas with inadequate facilities and comforts. Consequently, tension easily emerged. Conflicts were mainly caused by inadequate dispute resolution. Miners had to work continuously the whole week so as to keep their ‘claims’. Contextually, a ‘claim’ is the specific locations people mined. This was because another person would easily take unclaimed sites. There were also dangers in moving to and from Melbourne since there were robbers along the way. The police who were tasked with keeping peace in the goldfields were brutal and violent. Some of the people who went to the goldfields were lucky and they became rich. However, the majority of gold diggers were unlucky. People who were lucky were mainly traders and landlords who sold food and land respectively. Traders were lucky because food and other equipment were expensive. They were brought from far regions. Land owners succeeded because some people preferred to settle permanently in the goldfields. The goldfields of Australia attracted people from various countries. Most of them were hopeful of becoming wealthy before returning to their countries. The distance covered to reach Australia
Clifford’s theory of knowledge Clifford provides an argument against those who believe in judgment, using insufficient evidence. The essay by Clifford focuses on two things. These include stories and principles. The story involves a ship owner who was inclined to sell tickets to people moving through the transatlantic voyage. According to the essay, Clifford believes that people need to have sufficient evidence before they make a judgment. In this regard, people need to make a thorough research and have objective evidence, before making a conclusion about a given subject. He feels that it is wrong for individuals to believe what they are told without referring to reliable and unbiased information. According to his theory of knowledge, Clifford thinks that people need to research first, before rushing or jumping into conclusions. This can help them gather enough evidence, to guide their judgment. In reference to this theory, when one believes on the availability of insufficient evidence, he/she keeps those superstitions alive. Clifford feels that failure to follow the evidence presented by an individual, end up tearing the society apart. For instance, he gives a story of a ship owner, who gave tickets to people without having sufficient evidence that the ship was not worth of sea travel. Clifford’s theory makes people believe that the ship owner was guilty, regardless of whether the ship did, or did not get an accident. This is because he made his judgment, based on insufficient evidence (Clifford and Madigan 3). Although Clifford’s theory of knowledge is educative, it has some merits. Some philosophers criticize the theory in many ways. For instance, they argue that it can only be acceptable if it is needed in the opinion of having sufficient evidence. Clifford’s theory of knowledge does not focus on when a pers