ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Price Estimates Products/services                    Price    Apps Purchase                        $0.99    Commission Per Trip                  $0.50    Apps Upgrades                        $0.50    VIP Status                           $25.00   Advertising Boards on Apps Per Spot  $50-2000  Assumptions The assumptions used to arrive at these prices are several and they include: 1) that costs do not exceed current estimates and do not vary significantly across different states, counties, and cities. 2) That there will be significant and rapid growth in demand that will enable economies of scale and achievement of the breakeven point. This is because the low prices of the products cannot be achieved in the absence of a mass market for the products. Sales Estimates Product/service                   Year 1       Year 2        Year 3       InstaTAXI Apps purchases @ $0.99  $3,960,000   $9,900,000    $13,860,000  Trips Commissions @ $0.50         $35,790,000  $58,600,000   $90,000,000  AppsUpgrade @ $0.50               $0.00        $1,000,000    $2,000,000   VIP Status @ $25                  $250,000     $500,000      $250,000     Advertising                       $10,000,000  $30,000,000   $50,000,000  Total sales                       $50,000,000  $100,000,000  $156,110,000  Assumptions According to the Department of Education, there were 18.2 million students in colleges in the US in 2007 up from 14.5 million in 1997 (Nces.ed.gov). Assuming a linear rate of growth, then in 2011, there should be approximately 20 million students in US colleges today. Insta TAXI assumes that due to the significant importance of the new products to students regarding safety at night, avoiding drink driving situation it will quickly be adopted by students. Additionally, the low cost of the apps which is pegged at $0.99 is sufficient to allow impulse and peer-influenced purchases. Insta TAXI also plans to partner with renowned and reliable taxi companies and this is expected to add to the credibility of the product. The company estimates that 40% of all students will sign up in the first year and increase gradually in the next two years. New enrollment of college students every year will provide a massive influx of new customers each year. The company expects non-students such as high school students, and slightly older people to also purchase and use the apps due to its practicality and usefulness. Regular upgrades of the Apps to include social networking ability will fuel upgrade purchases. Due to financial constraints, a limited number of students will be allowed to sign up for VIP status. Advertising revenues are expected to grow rapidly and significantly as firms seize the opportunity to access the yout
Introduction Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems integrate business processes and information technologies into a synchronized suite of procedures, applications and metrics that span intra and inter-firm boundaries. ERP systems are expected to improve firm performance primarily due to redesigned business processes, integrated managerial functions, accelerated reporting cycles and expanded information capabilities (O’Leary, 2000). Regarding the latter, ERP systems not only provide decision makers with traditional financial metrics, but are capable of capturing and delivering non-financial performance indicators (NFPI) as well (Dechow and Mouritsen, 2005). Economic theory suggests that the inclusion of NFPI in managerial compensation contracts should enhance corporate performance, relative to financial measures only, because the combined performance indicators better align managers’ actions with investors′ objectives (e.g., Banker and Datar, 1989; Ittner et al., 1997). Context & Background to the Study Research findings on the performance effects of ERP systems are equivocal, yet some studies find positive outcomes; for instance, one study suggests significantly higher stock returns (SR) upon the announcement of ERP implementations (Hayes et al., 2001) and another study indicates significantly greater long-term return on assets (ROA) for ERP adopters relative to non-adopters (Hunton et al., 2003). Regarding the use of NFPI in compensation contracts, a recent empirical study indicates that the adoption, as compared to non-adoption, of NFPI improves short-term and long-term SR, and long-term ROA (Said et al., 2003). The current study complements and extends these two lines of research by examining the extent to which the joint adoption of ERP and NFPI enhances corporate performance, as reflected by ROA and SR. Statement of Purpose The purpose of the current study is to examine the extent to which the joint use of ERP and NFPI improves firm performance over either strategy alone. Scope of the Study The study shall not only allow light to be shed on Enterprise resource planning systems and financial performance incentives in the case of the performance of Saudi listed companies but shall serve as an exemplary analysis of the role of Enterprise resource planning systems and financial performance incentives in a rapidly developing market. Literature Review The literature review for the study shall incorporate peer reviewed publications and shall delve into an investigative analysis of the subject of the research. Findings from a large number of previous researches shall be incorporated into the research through the literature review. These shall include A balanced scorecard based framework for assessing the strategic impacts of ERP systems (Chand Hachey Hunton Owhoso and Vasudevan 2005), Assessing the benefits of using an enterprise system in accounting information and management (Spathis and Ananiadis 2005), Enterprise Resource Planning and a contest to limit the role of management accountants: A strong structuration perspective (Jack and Kholeif 2008), Enterprise Res
Introduction The fact that God is one, and all churches claim to worship him in truth and spirit, raises the provocative question of why a person would prefer one church to another. People possess different views concerning the various churches. Therefore, they employ incredible attempts to pursue a myriad of ways that would perhaps enable them accomplish their mission of finding a perfect church. To many people, these perfect church sounds like the ultimate avenue that would enable them to enter paradise. However, does a perfect church exist? Gene Summary of the book In his book The Kingdom Focused Church , Mims believes that a perfect church is inexistence (2003, p.3). In fact, chapter 1 ‘In search of the perfect church’ presents the traits of a perfect church. It ought to give generously, pray and worship in truth and spirit. He advocates for people to embrace the kingdom focused church model rather than moving from one church to another in search of perfection. Chapter 2 presents an illustration of a church that works, which he expounds in chapters 3 up to 6. He says, “Dreams can replace reality if we are not careful. And whatever a church it is real” (Mims 2003, 27). Mims pays a lot of attention to describe the meaning of the title ‘the kingdom focused church’. He explores each of the four words making up the topic of the book in depth. This entangles a major component of the book since it carries about seventy pages. The remaining chapters are rather more conclusive. In these chapters, he presents five church models that he believes have ardently developed the calls for kingdom-focused church. These models are willow creek, located in Chicago, suburban; southeastern Christian church, situated in Louisville, fellowship church, located in Irving, saddleback community church located in Lake Forest in California, and first Baptist church, located in Daytona Beach. Despite arguing out that all these churches are different in one way or another, he insists that they are consistent with his proposed model of kingdom-focused church. Weaknesses Amid the book being highly motivational, various weaknesses are evident. In the first place, he states that “…my comments do not rely on scientific models” (Mims 2003, 23). Without deploying some time to describe this proposition, he quickly adds exclusions. He notes, “they are solid as qualitative models are” (24). In this context, one should not attempt to look out for quantifiable models or even verifiable data since Mims’ book does not guarantee availability of such data in it. In fact, he openly admits that he does not endeavor to provide objective evidence to back up or validate his kingdom-focused model of a church. Secondly, he utilizes many volumes attempt
Introduction Post- colonial art is a genre of artistic expression that portrays the discourse an artist has over colonization. Post-colonial art often involves works that deal with issues of de-colonization or the political and cultural emancipation of people previously subjected to colonial rule. Post-colonial Britain art is an imaginative evaluation of British society, and the art works incorporate racist or colonial innuendos (Anwar, 1979). Post-colonial art on the contemporary scene also makes an effort to analyze the current post-colonial debate that has taken root over time (Anwar, 1979). Muslim artists have in particular expanded their artistic coverage of the attitude and mentality they bear towards the British imperial rule since their religion mostly puts them in a highly charged position (Murray, 2008). Several artists of Islamic affiliation have gone ahead to exhibit a number of controversial artworks in the British cultural scene. The art presented by these Muslims bears the attitude portrayed by the British society towards them and the Islamic religion as a whole and the artists’ own views on Islam (Shaw, 1994). Some of the expressions include racism, sexism, segregation, peace, harmony and love. These artists are especially recognized for their work in critiquing the both the British and the Islamic societies’ aggression toward each other based on simple differences perpetuated by different cultural backgrounds (Jacobson, 2001). Famous post-colonial British Muslim artists A great number of young and talented artists have over the recent years been discovered among the British Muslim community. These artists include;- Mohammed Ali who uses graffiti to express the cultural uniqueness of Islamic art. He derives inspiration from the Qur’an and his work depicts universal principles such as Peace, Knowledge and Patience which criticize religious prejudice and act as a bridge that links all religions (Webster, 2007). Mazzy Malik is also a graffiti artist but highly influenced by hip hop music. She uses Islamic calligraphy on her images to comically depict western civilization and the chauvinism against Muslims. Taslim Rashid founded the Tranquilart: a personal arts project in 2003 at a time when she was teaching people suffering from mental illness (Webster, 2007). She
Both Seneca and Euripides portray Hercules in a similar manner with the same storyline. The action takes place after the last labor of the main protagonist, who kills the tyrant Lycus, the usurper of the throne of Thebes. Later, Hercules is cursed with madness by vengeful Hera, and in this state, he murders his own wife and children. After awakening from madness, Hercules attempts to commit suicide but stopped Theseus and Amphitryon, who take him to Athens for atonement. The key similarity of both stories can be seen in the fact that the authors wrote a tragedy for Hercules in order to explore the role of violence in his acts of heroism. The writings’ central theme revolved around, demonstrating that violence is highly dangerous, even if it is conducted in benevolent ways. Both Seneca and Euripides illustrate that madness is a fragility of the main character. However, there are major differences in both the context and purpose of the writings regarding Hercules. It is important to note that the overall political context primarily influences the representation of the main hero. Seneca wrote for the Roman audience, who lived in the imperialist Roman Empire, whereas Euripides wrote for Greeks, who lived in a democracy. The Greek author presented Athens as a city of glory and perfection, and thus, it was clear that it was an only savior for Hercules. However, in Seneca’s writing, Athens did not play an essential role and was a mere destination. In addition, the source of madness is emphasized differently by the authors, where Seneca linked the hero’s madness to his nature, and Euripides considered it as being external. The Roman author put a great deal of emphasis on exploring the source of madness, which was only triggered by the goddess Hera. However, the issue was in Hercules himself, who
Introduction The phenomenon of memory is alike to layman, psychologist, and biochemist, but its intangible and nebulous nature makes it an entity that is difficult to describe in precise biochemical terms. Moreover, it is difficult to quantitate, and thereby experiments to lay the basis for a biological model of memory have been regarded by some as controversial. By and large, there is a general agreement that molecular events are involved in the storage of information in the nervous system. Experiments involving the use of drugs affecting learning and macromolecular changes with learning experiences (training etc.) have lent considerable support to this statement. What the actual macromolecules which “code” for learning memory are still perhaps debatable. Most earlier evidence points to these macromolecules being either RNA or protein. There are two fundamental problems in memory expressed in biochemical parameters:   * are there any chemical changes in the brain that can be correlated with acquisition and storage of information;   * are these changes information-specific, i.e. do they represent an actual coding of neural information? It is about to differentiate different kinds of memory, one which is short-term and the other is long-term. The processes responsible for short-term and long-term memory differ. This is suggested by the following experiments. If a lesion in the hippocampus region of an animal’s brain is introduced, the animal loses its memory for recently-acquired skills, sometimes as quickly as 1 h after the task has been learned. Memory for events before the lesion is normal. A blow to the head may produce partial or complete amnesia for past events immediately preceding the trauma. This indicates that memory ordinarily forms after experience and consolidation of memory is nullified by the trauma. Similarly, animals are given electro-convulsive shock (ECS), soon after training for any task, showing impaired ability to perform. Subsequently, on the other hand, ECS given sometimes after training does not affect performance. The formation of long-term memory can be influenced by agents that have little effect once the memory has been consolidated. Those that inhibit long-term memory include general anesthesia (ether and pentobarbital) convulsions (induced either electrically or chemically, e.g. by Metrazol), hypoxia, RNase treatment, and many others. The capability for change associated with learning is termed plasticity. This is an ability within the nervous system to change the behavioral pattern in response to changes in external and internal environments. This involves the synthesis of different proteins or spouting of new dendrites and strengthening of synaptic connections around neurons. The parts of the brain associated with memory in mammals include the association cortex of frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes; components of limbic system viz. hippocampus and amygdala, and part of the diencephalon. Anatomical changes occur in neurons when they are stimulated like prolonged intense activity results in an in
The abortion process is not as easy and simple as many people think. Abortion is a medical procedure that involves the removal of a zygote or fetus from the womb of an animal or human being. Abortion does not involve magic spells but rather procedures that could have significant physical and psychological trauma on the victim. Most victims of abortions suffer from heavy bleeding, painful cramps, and in serious cases puncture of internal reproductive organs such as the uterus. With this in mind, it is not advisable to permit teenage girls to procure abortion procedures without the consent of their parents or guardians. This paper seeks to analyze the cons of teenage girls undergoing abortions without the consent of their parents or guardians. It is the right of every parent to know what happens in the life of his or her child. Thus, when a teenage girl intends to obtain an abortion notifying the parents is important. This not only makes them aware of what goes on in the life of their child, but they also have the opportunity of advising their teenage girl on the best option (Donohoe 1). In most nations, the legal consent of parents is required before minors undergo any medical procedures. Thus, teenage girls must get the consent of their parents or guardians before undergoing an abortion procedure as one way of fulfilling the law. “In a study conducted by the Heritage Foundation in the United States, revealed that involving parents-in-law governing teenagers tremendously reduced the number of teenage abortions carried out” (Collet 1). As mentioned earlier in the paper, there is no guarantee of safety in abortion procedures. Several abortions have had significant negative impacts on the bodies and health of the victims. It is therefore important for parents or guardians of a teenage girl to be aware of any planned abortion and give their consent on the same. This is because most often than not, the parents of the teenager have the financial obligation of meeting the costs of any corrective procedures to be taken in case of complications arising from the abortion. In some instances, abortion complications could lead to complete infertility of the teenage girl or even death. Thus, the parents or guardians of the teenage girl ought to be aware of the planned abortion and explain the possible consequences of abortion to the girl (Donohoe 1). Having in mind the possible consequences of abortion on their teenage girls, most parents will be against the procedure. In fact, studies indicate that most parents will advise their teenage girls to keep the pregnancy to term and promise to take care of them and their newborns upon birth. Given the fact, that most teenage girls opt to undertake abortions because of fear of their parents, discussing with parents helps them get parental support. Upon getting pregnant, some teenage girls opt to keep the pregnancy to term and raise their baby. However, their boyfriends pressure the teenage girls to terminate the pregnancy to avoid being convicted for statutory rape. In most countries, the laws are such th
When Abdul took over power, the European countries had already influenced the Ottoman Empire with secularization taking place in many sectors of the territory including politics and culture of the people. However, he immediately abolished the western culture by advocating for all Muslims and even for non-Muslims to join them into one Islamic state. He had ambitious objectives by uniting the Muslims because he had planned to them and the religion to enable him gain political powers especially over the European powers such as Russia. For instance, Abdul emphasized on counteraction of Russia’s efforts to influence the Balkans to free themselves from the Ottoman empire and join Christianity. However, his efforts failed as many Balkans were lost to the Europeans. He detested the Europeans and their Christianity such that he gave the Muslim leaders more powers so that they can be able to claim the Muslim population from the Europeans. Under the influence of Abdul, the unconverted Muslims became more reluctant to join Christianity but rather supported Abdul in his political activities. The presence of the European nations in the empire became a driving force for Pan-Islamism making it difficult for the Europeans to secularize the territory. However, the sultan later took over the position of Caliph as he was so determined to counter the secularization process in his empire. This gave him the opportunity to regain the powers of the Muslim leaders that had been lost due to the reforms that had taken place before he took over power. It is clear that sultan Abdul detested secularism n that is why he mobilized all Muslims against it not only to regain their culture but also to gain popularity politically especially in the European nations. Relations between Abdul and the European powers The relations between the Ottoman Empire and most European nations was not so easy but rather strained especially between France, Russia and UK. In his own opinion, Abdul demanded that his empire be treated as having equal powers with these European nations especially due to its high numbers of Muslims compared to Christians. Even though the sultan viewed his empire as modern, the Europeans always saw the empire as being uncivilized. However, Abdul had a different opinion of the Germans as he viewed them as possible allies to his empire. Abdul therefore developed a good relationship with the Germans as his empire hosted a number of German political leaders several times and some Germans were employed to
As the Company under discussion is risk-averse, an action plan should be developed to ensure that it accomplishes all tasks that fall under the main strategy. Risk should be assessed because the company may lose its business opportunities if it does not evaluate the risk (Loosemore & Raftery, 2006, p. 123). As soon as the company assesses risk, it can be built a direct hierarchy and establish project governance to ensure that all roles are assigned in the project and the action plan can be accomplished. The first step that should be taken includes improvement of the site safety in order to enable the employees to accomplish the other stages of the strategy adopted by the board. Site safety should be measured to ensure that all other stages will be performed without violation of the health and safety legislation acts because legal requirements are important components of the business strategy. “Emergent strategy is an approach that emphasizes the use of trial, experimentation and learning from experience” (McCabe, 2010, p. 29). This means that a strategy should be based on the review of similar cases and actions performed on those cases by other companies to make sure that the strategy would work. As suggested in the study by Cannella, Finkelstein, and Hambrick (2008), the satisfaction of employees is an integral part of the corporate culture (p. 124). In this respect, it is necessary to develop employee commitment and leadership skills in order to increase employee satisfaction in the framework of changes taking place in the company. Remediation and decontamination of the old quarry site are next steps though this stage can follow the search of investors and involvement of qualified employees on the issue of site contamination. Informing the environmental organisations may be useful, especially if legislation is designed in the way that environmentalists can assist in solving of this problem. Besides, it is possible to provide environment specialists with opportunity to explore the site with regard to potential archaeological interest. Technological advances should be taken into account. So, it is necessary to involve all possible technologically advances methods to make the site safer, less contaminated, and reme