ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Nucor Corp is one of the largest companies that produces and recycles steel. In the US, Nucor is the second largest steel producer with average net sales of about $4.6 billion. Approximately, Nucor recycles over ten million tones of scrape steel (Nucor Corporation, 2009). With the new trends in the emerging stages of globalization of the steel industry, Nucor is expected to be one of the major players. The company strategies and the effective management of people is one of the capabilities that Nucor Corporation must explore so as to remain competitive in the global stage. This paper will be exploring the steel industry trends and the way it impacts on the Nucor corporate strategies, the management philosophy and organization structure. It will further identify three human resources management issues that are correlated to the implementation of corporate strategies as well as recommendations of actions that could be used to address the issues. Finally, the recommendations that are relating or unrelated to the diversifications that the company needs to investigate. The trends in the steel industry As indicated, Nucor is the one of the largest steel firms. With net sales of approximately $4.6 billion, Nucor is placed second in the United States steel industry (Nucor Corporation, 2009). It is approximated that Nucor recycles over ten million tones of scrape steel. The corporation operates stores in 9 states and the major products includes alloy and carbon steel bars, plates, sheet and beams; joist girders and steel joists; steel fasteners; light steel framing gauges; cold finished steel; metal building system and cold finished steel (Nucor Corporation, 2009). The industry in which Nucor operates is highly dynamic and quit innovative sector. The steel industry is continuously becoming accustomed to new innovations and changing itself to be more competitive in the world market. As Lyakishev and Nikolaev (2003) indicated, the first half of this century will be dominated by electric steel refining that is based on the direct reduction of iron and the use of iron bearing scrap steel making technologies. Adopting this scrap based mini mill steelmaking technology as its core process will make Nucor have the competitive advantage over other firms in the industry. Lyakishev and Nikolaev (2003) further pointed out that those countries that adopt the scrap based
Summary The present paper offers an ethical analysis of a security breach reported by BBC on February 27, 2019. The author of the article is not mentioned. According to the article, the contact information of many adoptive parents was disclosed due to human error. A member of the post-adoption support team in Kent County mistakenly copied a mailing list into the carbon copy instead of the blind copy section (“Adoption Families”). As a result, more than 300 email addresses protected by privacy laws were disclosed (“Adoption Families”). Even though some of the parents considered the matter a minor mistake, some expressed concern (“Adoption Families”). In addition to the possible legal implications of the matter, the Council faces ethical issues that need to be addressed. Ethical Issues Security breaches are a major concern in modern society, as they are usually associated with unwanted access to personal data. Security breaches pose ethical questions in front of the parties, including how and when the information about the breach should be disclosed and what the remedies should be offered to the victims. Despite the moral obligation of companies to attend to the matter, corporations are often reluctant to take steps to react to the problem since the laws concerning the issues are lagging (Buttrick et al. 9). The disclosure of security breaches is vital for preserving companies’ accountability and the trust of stakeholders. Moreover, companies are to perform necessary preventative measures to avoid the occurrence of such events. However, Buttrick et al. state that corporations “appear to ignore the contribution they make to data breaches by being primarily reactive rather than proactive” (10). An action plan is to be elaborated by every organization to address the matter, considering possible ethical issues. Responsible Action Plan As soon as a data breach is detected, an employee who uncovered the situation is to follow a responsible action plan. Below is a sample guideline to address the possible ethical issues:  1. The information about the security breach is to be immediately disclosed to the information technology (IT) officer for further revision.  2. The IT manager is to evaluate the potential harm, including the number of victims and the reason for the breach, and create a short report on the matter. If needed, the information should be disclosed to government authorities through appropriate means. The elaborated report should be presented to the upper management in the shortest possible time.  3. The upper management is to assess the appropriate method and extent of further disclosure of the information. Additionally, potential remedies should be discussed and offered to the victims.  4. Preventative measures are to be reviewed by the concerned personnel to avoid further data breaches. Assessment of the Situation The Kent County Council’s authorities adequately addr
Organizational behavior deals with the application of scientific methods to the solution of practical managerial problems. This involves analysis at three different levels: individuals, groups, and organizations. Organizational behavior includes organizational theory, motivation, and satisfaction, communication and participation, teamwork, culture, and socialization. Hence, it is connected in-depth with major disciplines such as psychology, sociology, social psychology, and anthropology. Psychology and OB Cognitive psychology is a subject that includes many of the classic topics of sensation, perception, learning, and memory. When cognitive constructs are addressed within the field of organizational behavior, they are treated in two possible ways. The first begins with the cognitive theory and links it with an organizational issue. Klein’s (1989) control theory of work motivation is an example in this context. Working from classical control theory models, Klein added variables and reinterpreted behavioral theory related to control mechanisms in ways that fit organizational phenomena (Pfeffer, 1997). The resultant Klein’s case-control theory has an organizational twist. The second approach is when cognitive processes are used as explanatory constructs for understanding the organizational issue of interest. This is seen in modern methods of performance appraisal (Greenberg, 1994). This work begins with the organizational phenomenon of appraising other individuals in a formal appraisal system and introduces cognitive variables likely to influence the rater’s ability to observe, remember, recall, and record the performance of other individuals (Ilgen, Barnes-Farrell, & McKellin, 1993). Social cognition theory (Wyer & Srull, 1986) holds that “a person’s expectations, beliefs, self-perceptions, goals, and intentions give shape and direction to behavior”. The social-cognitive theory is used to understand various organizational phenomena such as goal-setting, discrimination in the workplace, and performance. Weiner’s attribution theory (1974) proposes that individuals evaluate the performance of others and themselves not only based on performance level (high or low) but also the evaluators’ beliefs about the causes of performance. The attribution theory has played a major role in the OB literature. Cognitive theories such as Vroom’s (1964) expectancy theory, goal setting theory of Locke and Latham (1990), Maslow’s hierarchical theory of motivation have played a huge role in developing motivational strategies in the realm of organizational behavior. Sociology and OB The study of organizations was at one time a central focus of the discipline of sociology. Many of the central figures in sociological theory such as Weber, Marx, and Durkheim studied bureaucracy, the employment relationship, and the division of labor, and the basis of solidarity. According to Marx, organizational members become cogs in the machine
Introduction International marketing is an opportunity to meet the needs of people in different countries. Being the basis of the marketing, which denotes the needs and desires of customers, identifies the methods aimed at satisfying those needs and meets the organizational objectives, the international marketing performs the same actions, but on the global arena. In other words, international marketing “involves the firm in establishing manufacturing/processing facilities around the world and coordinating marketing strategies across the globe” (Doole and Lowe 6). To prepare a successful international marketing plan, it is important to consider the 4 P’s and their role in marketing strategy. Chevy Camaro made in Oshawa, Canada is chosen as a product which is going to be exported to the USA for selling. We are going to consider the main marketing strategies which include product description, price and place peculiarities, and promotion specifics of the product along with other aspects which should be covered while creating an international marketing plan. Marketing Strategy It is important to note that 2011 Chevy Camaro is the most expensive car in the family, and at the same time the most comfortable and best in use. Keeping in mind that we are going to sell the models produced in other years, income level of the consumers
Introduction Cyber-warfare refers to the situation whereby both computers and the Internet are used to undertake warfare actions through cyberspace (Jonathan, V.1979). Cyber-warfare can also be referred to as the “cyberwar” or the “cybernetic war”. In addition, cyber warfare attacks can be grouped into several classes with some being mild and others severe. The several methods of attacks that are used in warfare include, gathering data, distributed denial of service attacks, web vandalism, and propaganda, and attacking critical infrastructure. All over the world, many countries have been identified to develop various Internet uses as a cyber weapon against other nations. The attacks are usually targeted at the utilities, financial markets, and even government computer systems. Cyber-warfare attacks on critical infrastructure target the most vulnerable infrastructure such as fuel, water, power, communications, commercial, and transportation. In the United States, cyber-warfare attacks on critical infrastructure have posed a high risk of national disasters if fast and resolute mitigation actions are not taken, (Janczewski, L. et al, 2007). For instance, the Sept 11 terror attack on the US raised concerns and resulted in a group of concerned scientists writing a letter to President Bush urging him to initiate measures that will prevent future cyber attacks on the infrastructure. The scientists recommended the formation of a cyber-warfare Defense project with a modeled style similar to that of the Manhattan Project, (Ryan N, 2008). The vulnerability of the US to the cyberattacks on its critical infrastructure has continued to create the need to develop technology-oriented policy-making to minimize or completely prevent such attacks in the future. In this paper, the ways in which the threat of cyber attacks on critical infrastructure within the US has influenced technology-oriented policymaking in the last decade will be discussed. Discussion The United States as a nation has recognized the great threat that cyber-attacks pose to its critical infrastructure, because the possibility of conventional terrorism against the US through the computer/internet may cause damage to its vital infrastructure. This is due to the purchase of commercial operating systems together with the software applications, which lack secure shipment from the manufacturers. In 1997, the US government presented problems that arise from cyber-warfare in a government review, “Infrastructure Protection Task Force (IPTF)”. The review was put together by then-President Bill Clinton to examine the US critical infrastructure. The efforts to form the projects to protect the US from cyber-warfare can be viewed as a major step towards the development of technology-oriented policies that take care of such threats. The problems and possible solutions to the cyber attacks on the US cri
Example as a Manager As a manager, I would try to avoid the implementation of retrogressive principles regarding the promotional aspect of the corporate culture. Thus, for instance, deciding between an experienced employee and a younger representative of generation y claiming for the same position as a supply manager, I would not concentrate on the age and experience parameter. Certainly, the older employee has gained the necessary experience and established valuable business contacts which could be beneficial for the company’s success. On the other hand, the younger worker can obtain valuable knowledge of innovative tendencies and technologies acquired at college which would help create a competitive edge in the market sector. Thus, choosing between experience and the ability to implement innovative techniques and think outside the box may become a real dilemma. Anyway, the main emphasis should be put upon the professionalism and potential of employees instead of the length of their service (Gronn 2002). Example of an Employee As a young and inexperienced employee specializing in the sphere of human resource management, I would not shelve my plans for career growth. Getting rid of outdated misconceptions concerning the paramount importance of experience for increasing the chances for promotion, I would not limit my ambitions as to professional and career growth. As a representative of generation y, I would do everything possible for implementing my theoretical knowledge and developing my practical skills s as soon as possible. Getting rid of the fear that older colleagues would depreciate my initiatives, I would do everything possible for enhancing the efficiency of operations, taking advantage of my education and knowledge on the latest tendencies in the sphere (Scully and Segal, 2002). Certainly, the implementation of my ambitious plans will be possible if the company’s management does not implement the retrogressive principles and rates of young employees’ expertise at its true value. Reference List Gronn, P. 2002. Distributed leadership as a unit of analysis. The Leadership Quarterly , 13(4), pp 423-451. Scully, M. & Segal, A. 2002. Passion with an umbrella: Grassroots activists in the workplace. Research in the Sociology of Organizations , 19 (1), pp 125–168.
Name : Rosa Lee Cunningham DOB/Age: 1936/ 53 Dates of Interviews: 1990-1994 Evaluator: Leon Dash Reason for Assessment Rosa Lee Cunningham is a 53-year-old woman who constantly struggles with substance abuse and theft. She has served several prison terms for theft and drug dealing in the last four decades. She has eight children; five of them live with her and they also struggle with substance addiction. One of her children is serving a prison sentence for involvement in the theft and the other five that live with her have also been incarcerated on numerous occasions for committing various offenses. Therefore, Rosa Lee has faced numerous hurdles in her quest to make a better life for herself and her children. Poverty and lack of social support are some of the main factors that have made it difficult for Rosa Lee to overcome her drug addiction. She lives in a neighborhood where drug consumption is common, which reveals the high level of moral decay that exists in poor urban settlements (Dash, 1996, p. 22). Rosa Lee and her children are forced to live with their addictions due to the socio-economic problems they experience. She is an embodiment of the urban struggle where some residents resort adopts negative habits to escape from their pain and suffering. Her heroin addiction forced her to share dirty needles with other users which made her acquire HIV. Her two children; Bobby and Patty have also contracted HIV because they share needles with their mother. Therefore, this shows the serious effects of substance abuse and addiction which threaten the wellbeing of all members of her family (Dash, 1996, p. 29). Moreover, her illiteracy hampers her from following medical instructions properly which diminishes her chances of recovery from crack cocaine and heroin addiction. Rosa Lee dropped out of school at a very young age and later got pregnant with her first child at the age of thirteen. Therefore, her little education has made her ignorant about other important issues that are beneficial to her wellbeing. The situation is replicated in the lives of her children who faced numerous difficulties while they were growing up due to their mother’s constant problems with the law. As a result, Rosa Lee has had to depend on food stamps to feed her children and grandchildren, some of whom are not in a position to get gainful employment positions. Substance addiction, criminal tendencies, Illiteracy, constant arrests, and incarceration are the main problems Rosa Lee and her family deal with daily (Dash, 1996, p. 33). Also, inadequate social support systems, dysfunctional communal ties, and grinding poverty have denied Rosa Lee and her family members a chance to lead a happier life. Sources of Information The main source of information used in this case study is Leon Dash’s Book that documents the struggle Rosa Lee has faced breaking out of drug addiction and her impulsive stealing habits. Other additional publications will also be used to shed more light on the topic to find out appropriate remedies for drug addictions and other
Malala Yousafzai This time last year, during the opening ceremony at The Go Downs Art Centre, one of the most amazing, talented, and, perhaps, an epitome of the Futuristic Artist’s work was on Exhibition. While most of the other works on the Exhibition were realistic, Malala Yousafzai’s work was abstract and aroused in the viewer’s unquenchable curiosity and feverishly inventive imagination. From my perspective as a developing artist, his works showed his vision of the world constantly being bombarded with new technology as essentially logical rather than mysterious. Among his works, one painting “ Swimming on Land ” was the most famous and conceptualized how mankind, in his survival on the Earth, is intertwined in the tapestry of life with Crime, War, and HIV/AIDS. His choice of support for his work showed a deep-rooted urge to conserve the environment by recycling our waste materials. When Malala unveiled his thoughts on the nature of his paintings, he revealed to the audience a glimpse of the strangeness of the familiar. With great grandmaster artists worldwide like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo, Malala Yousafzai has strode into the future with his thoughts and brought it closer home with his artworks. He has surely soared into the great heights of art. Pussy Riot It is rarely argued that the African Diaspora-an accidental outcome of the transatlantic slave trade during the early days and western colonization of the African continent-has generated a wide array of artistic achievement in our century from Rhythm and Blues to reggae, from painting to video illustrations and breaking and setting records in the sports arena. Placing his emphasis on the black cultural theme rather than a black racial identity, Pussy Riot in his book “ Literal Gangster ” has employed the visual representation of the black Culture throughout the twentieth century. He bent the arc of history by being the first writer to dedicate his time and energy to the Artworks themselves and analyze their use of black Culture both as subject and as context. In his discussion, he focuses on the invincible forces shaping a black Diaspora presence in twentieth-century art notably the emergence of the “New Negro” in the Jazz Age, the use of black folk imagery in the post-depression art, the ideological conflict between racial pride and cultural assimilation in mid-century. From the creative ingenuity of ” the souls of black folk”, the aesthetic and visual variations on the concepts of ‘Blackness’ during the late modern and post-modern eras, Pussy Riot has not ignored the pivotal position that black cultural themes have held in constructing a filmic vision in the twentieth century. He has shown the role that black actors, directors, cinematographers, artist, screenwriters, sportsmen, and women have played in creating what could be described as performative, vocal, and interactive “Black Art” By invoking t
The notion of healthcare has always been primarily focused on patient satisfaction with the treatment patterns and the ability to reduce the overall disease incidence in the community through frequent and efficient interventions. In order to define the ways to improve the current pattern of patient care, it is of paramount importance to dwell upon the fundamental constituents of the following satisfaction rate. Hence, according to the researchers, the first scholarly attempts resulted in the development of the Triple Aim, which encompassed the notions of the individual patient experience in healthcare, the tendency to improve the overall population health, and cost reduction (Sikka et al., 2015). Over the years, the following endeavor has evolved into the Quadruple Aim, encompassing the notion of care provision improvement as well. As a result, it was estimated that the achievement of such ambitious goals requires much effort in terms of healthcare financing and proficiency levels among the practitioners. Hence, clinical practice professionals decided to develop an approach to the problem-solving patterns in healthcare that would contribute to the aforementioned aspects. As a result, the notion of evidence-based practice (EBP) was introduced, claiming the importance of data analysis in terms of addressing the relevant healthcare issues (Kim et al., 2016). The approach itself depends on the secondary data analyzed in studies, patients’ preferences, and expectations from quality healthcare. In fact, when encompassing the implementation of EPB, the major role is played by the nurses and their interventions in the treatment processes (Crabtree et al., 2016). Thus, once clinical practitioners and nurses start implementing findings outlined from the evidence, the goals indicated in the Quadruple Aim are gradually becoming more likely to be achieved in the short-term perspective.