ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The significance of motivation, positive attitude, determination, and discipline cannot be overestimated in every working environment and professional sales in particular. All these factors are crucial for the efficient organizational performance and positive outcomes. A professional sale is an extremely competitive sphere, and it requires time and efforts to achieve success. In the following paper, the lessons of success from the movie The Pursuit of Happyness will be characterized and evaluated. Lessons to be learned Numerous movies depict ways of becoming successful and accomplishing one’s goals. Although there are different methods of getting what one wants, the primary principles remain the same — one has to be eager to achieve something and never give up. The Pursuit of Happyness is one of the best films that presents a strong will, self-determination, motivation, and discipline as essential constituents of success. It is significant to have insight into the idea of the film for the further evaluation. The Pursuit of Happyness is a 2006 biographical drama that describes the life of Chris Gardner. The main character is a salesperson who has to take care his five-year-old son. Gardner has nothing, and his aim is to receive necessary financial resources for the upbringing of his child (“The Pursuit of Happyness” par. 1). The story depicts the way Gardner fights for his dream. It is a challenge to become successful in the sphere of professional sales. Here is a list of the most significant constituents of success according to the story:   * Goal setting;   * Positive attitude;   * Motivation;   * Discipline;   * Self-determination;   * Visualization. Peculiarities of the professional sales sphere As it has been already mentioned, professional sales form an extremely competitive sphere. Sales comprise an integral part of everyday life of all people. The fact is that there are many participants in the field, but only a few of them are winners. Being a professional salesperson requires time and energy. One should always remember that being a salesperson and a sales professional is not the same thing (Jamail 5). According to Jamail, everyone who has a pleasant voice and a beautiful smile can become a salesperson. Nevertheless, the professional development in the domain presupposes constant learning and improvement of skills. There is a variety of opinions concerning the nature of sales. Some people consider it to be the art of speaking and persuasion. Others believe that a salesmanship is based on the ability to build rapport with people. All these statements are too broad to be useful in practice. As Jamail writes, “Sales is about understanding who we are calling, what are we asking the customer, what energy we are giving, and, most importantly, establishing positions of influence with the prospective customer” (6). A professional salesperson should possess broad knowledge and skills. Thus, one has to create a particular str
Introduction According to Das (2015), Modgil and Sharma (2017), operations management refers to the process of designing a firm’s processes to create the highest level of efficiency. Using a firm’s core activities as the baseline for maintaining operational development means that small and large organizations naturally have to develop different plans that suit the scope of their operations (Srinivasan, 2017). Subject to this understanding, this paper compares how operations management in small organizations is fundamentally different from those adopted by larger ones. To get a deeper understanding of this area of discussion, reference will be made to the four Vs of operations management (volume, variety, visibility, and variation) and the five objectives of the discipline – dependability, cost, quality, flexibility, and speed (Jones and Robinson, 2019; Williamson, 2014). However, before delving into the details of this analysis, it is important to understand differences in operations management practices for small and large firms. Differences between Operations Management Practices of Small and Large Firms Although small and large businesses often compete in the same market, the scope of their operations are fundamentally different and may affect their overall performance (Donaldson, 2015; Burke and Noumair, 2015). For purposes of this investigation, a comparison of the operations management of a small and large organization is essential in comprehending how such businesses could remain competitive in a fast-paced business environment. To gain a deeper understanding of this discussion, Coca Cola will be used, as an example of a large organization with a vast supply chain network that spans multiple continents, while Marussia Beverages, a United Kingdom (UK)-based distribution company for alcohol and spirits, will be used as a representation of a small firm. Stated differently, Coca-Cola is a globally renowned beverage company with large
Introduction: Where the Problems Start One of the most notorious issues in the modern education, violating the school rules seems to have become quite a problem. It must be admitted that in some cases, the situation is getting out of the teacher’s control, which can lead to dramatic consequences. In such cases, the MN Pupil Fair Dismissal Act has been created to maintain the school safety and at the same time provide students with protection and clarifying them certain issues concerning the legal and the moral law. One of the MN Pupil Fair Dismissal Act’s key purposes is to help resolve the situations where a teacher might feel quite uncertain. Unfortunately, such situations are quite widespread. In the case considered by Kowalski (2011), the latter claims that “Experts often disagree about the causes of substance abuse problems and how they should be handled” (133). This is a clear-cut example of where the suspension procedures were to be undertaken. However, for the suspension procedures to have the necessary effect on students, the suspension must be carried out properly. Step One: Holding a Conference According to the standards of the Minnesota Pupil Fair Dismissal Act, the procedure of dismissing a student must start wit organizing a conference for those who were considered the troublemakers. With help of a quiet conversation and a well-coordinated dispute, the key reasons for suspension can be outlined and explained to the students. Since the main goal of the entire procedure is not only providing safety for the given students and the entire school, but also explaining the reasons for morals that guide the teacher and make him/her resort to these preventive measures. Therefore, the key goal of the suspension procedures according to the MN Pupil Fair Dismissal Act is to make the students aware of the probable danger of the situation. It must be admitted though that in case the peril reaches the critical level, this step can be omitted. Therefore, the MN Pupil Fair Dismissal Act also shapes the students’ idea of the correct social behavior, which is quite essential. Step Two: Considering the Grounds of the Suspension As soon as the students are aware of the grounds for their suspension, the time comes to undertake more serious measures. After the unofficial conference has been held, the teacher is supposed to conduct the official meeting where the “a school administrator shall notify the
Three major issues affecting Pakistan and it economy  1. Illiteracy – only 50% of the total population of people above “15 in Pakistan know how to read and write” (Arby 35). This results in a great percentage of people living below the poverty line and who are struggling for basic necessities. The technology adoption is also very slow and hence there is a low growth rate.  2. Poverty- 40% of the total population use less than a dollar per day for their daily needs. They, therefore, do not focus on such issues as investments or development.  3. Corruption and political instability – the government of Pakistan is not stable due to ignorance and international interferences, which lead to low growth. Corruption especially from the government officials also affects the growth. Major policies Education Education policy should be formulated and implemented to help in improving education system in the country. Free education would alienate illiteracy and hence growth. Exports and imports Policy on imports and exports should also be adopted. Since the exports of this country are highly concentrated, they should be dispersed Fiscal balancing The economic managers should focus on raising more revenues in tax and reducing the expenditure to be able to meet the gap. Managers did not establish the public finance pattern, but they relied on foreign grants. This led to fiscal imbalances and hence no growth realized. Pakistan: Key Statistics Official name                                   Islamic Republic of Pakistan                                          Total population                                160.9 million                                                         Population growth rate                          1.8%                                                                  Capital city                                    Islamabad                                                             Approximate area                                976 km2                                                               Life expectancy of males                        64 years                                                              Life expectancy of females                      66 years                                                              Gross domestic product (GDP) growth             5.8%                                                                  Total revenue collection                        Rs 1545.5 billion                                                     Agricultural growth                             1.5 %                                                                 Manufacturing posted growth                     5.4 %                                                                 Gross national income (GNI) per capita          770                                                                   Human development index
The never-ending debate concerning wealth and happiness has taken its place throughout history. Although the words’ wealth’ and ‘happiness’ share the same etymologies, both obtain the meaning of ‘well-being’ in Middle English; nowadays, they are perceived as different and often polarized terms (Brule & Suter, 2019). Since the modern era can be characterized as a period of serious changes in social outlooks, the perception of wealth in society has changed as well (Brule & Suter, 2019). In addition, the phenomenon of ‘philanthropy’ (in other words, charity) is becoming increasingly popular (Sellen, 2019). Therefore, happiness can be perceived as a concept that plays a bigger role in an individual’s life. There are two important aspects that prove that happiness has a more defining role in a modern person’s well-being – the neglecting attitude towards wealth and the increasing popularity of philanthropy. Even though the conclusion that these two concepts are related and one impacts another seems obvious, various studies provide the researchers with the information that the situation seems more complex than it seems. First of all, although “wealth seems desirable at the individual level, its attractiveness seems to be less clear at a more global level” (Brule & Suter, 2019, p. 1). Secondly, philanthropy directly affects a wealthy person’s level of happiness; in other words, the ‘giving’ has been put over ‘receiving’ (Sellen, 2019). Thus, it can be said that in the modern era, an individual’s happiness has a tangible impact on an individual’s well-being. Modern society has shifted its outlook in favor of social equality and struggle against the unhealthy oppressing environment. Although wealth is still perceived as a desirable aspect, an individual’s virtue and, what is most importantly, well-being and happiness are valued much higher. As a result, the ethics’ shift towards the common good and total equality led to a prevalence of an individual’s mental state (e.g., happiness) over his welfare.
Summary of the Article Organisations are faced by different challenges in their operations hence identification of ways through which the challenges could be solved becomes important in order to improve performance. This is achieved by looking for tools that assist organisations in strategic management. EFQM, which is based on principles of total quality management, is one of the tools used by organisations to improve their performance. EFQM came into existence in 1992 for purposes of determining which organisations qualified for the European Quality Award. The approach is currently used by many organisations to assess their performanc
The short story “The Nose” by Gogol belongs to magical realism and is defined as a satirical short story. In this short story, Gogol tries to reflect cultural and social conditions of Russia and its way of life. The main character of the story, Collegiate Assessor Kovalyov, is a high official in Petersburg who lost his nose. Much of the satire derives from these oppositions and from the fact that it is impossible to reliably describe the difference between doubles and opposites. “The Nose” treats the seriousness of life with comicality; the author of the story resorts to such literary tools as modern magical realism and satire in order to explain the reality by means of fantasy and disclose the real essence of the main character. The events which take place in the story can be regarded as both comical and serious. It seems that there is nothing funny in the fact that a person wakes up without a nose one day; on the contrary, this fact is supposed to evoke compassion. However, Gogol presents everything from a slightly different perspective. Magical realism helps him to intertwine reality with fantasy and present serious events as comic ones, “In “The Nose,” Gogol inverts the typical dynamic of modern magical realism. In magical realism, a supernatural or inexplicable event gives rise to a series of realistic consequences; but the realistic detail of life in St. Petersburg could be satisfactory explained only by reference to fantastic and sur-real stories “(Hardy and Stanton 128). The short story depicts events from life of Collegiate Assessor Kovalyov. One day, his barber, Ivan Yakovlevich, finds a human nose inside his breakfast which his wife has just serviced. At first, he is frightened supposing that this can involve him in a crime. In order to hide unpleasant evidence, Ivan Yakovlevich wraps the nose and sets out to dispose of it. He goes to the river but policemen stop him and prevent his attempt to throw the nose into the river. “But Ivan Yakovlevich was more dead than alive. He recognized the nose as that of none other that Collegiate Assessor Kovalyov, whom he shaved every Wednesday and Sunday” (Gogol 2). The magical element of the story is that Gogol does not tell readers how the nose “escapes” and why it reappears in Ivan Yakovlevich’s plate. The author gives some hints to readers to understand the story conflict and the role of magical elements for the further development of the plot. Maus supposes that “In the complex and interesting course of Gogol’s search for his unique, Gogolian self, there is a natural demarcation of two phases, although they are very intimately interconnected” (Maus 76). Maus underlines that “The Nose” reelects the self and identity of Gogol himself and his world vies. Therefore, the symbol of the story, the nose, has a double meaning: it is used as the mirror-image and
Regarding the issue of credit exploration in the 1920s, and the contribution of the credit’s expansion into the process of onset of the Great Depression, it is necessary to refer to the facts from American History and, therefore, make the multipart analysis. Although the Great Depression was not really an unexpected event in the United States’ economy, no one could have predicted such magnitude that she took, and such disaster that she caused. The main factors which played a great role in bringing about it might be regarded as the combination of the enormously unequal distribution of financial resources and wealth, stock market speculation, and the expansion of credit throughout the 1920s. Tracing the course of the American History of this decade, one may note that such disbalance of wealth led to the unstable situation in the economy. The non – privileged middle and poor-class Americans, which constitute three-quarters of all United States population, had to spend all of their yearly incomes (which were usually less than 2500 dollars) to buy some consumer goods necessary for ordinary life: food, clothes, sometimes radios and cars. I refer to Robert S. Mc Elvaine’s publication, then it follows that “the bottom three-quarters of the population had an aggregate income of less than 45% of the combined national income; the top 25% of the population took in more than 55% of the national income…” (Mc Elvaine, 1981, p. 331). Drawing from this, one may firmly assert that the decade of the 1920s was a vivid example of the disbalance in American History. In order to stabilize the appeared situation, credit sales were implemented. This was done because of the population’s inability to satisfy their basic needs because of the lack of money, thus those people, who wanted to purchase goods, were enabled to buy them on credit. According to Mc Elaine, “The concept of buying now and paying later caught on quickly. By the end of the 1920s, 60% of cars and 80% of radios were bought on installment credit … by 1929 the total amount of outstanding installment credit … [raised up to] 3 billion dollars” (Mc Elvaine, 1981, p. 41). Such a strategy, invented by tricky banks, created artificial demand for the category of products that were not affordable for those people in real adequate circumstances. It seemed that the day of reckoning was put off, but it actually made the situation of soon–coming downfall even worse than it could previously be. One may suggest regarding the given situation as the snowballing effect. When people were trying to telescope the future into the present, they could not have even imagined, that when that future would arrive, there would be nothing to buy that actually had not already been bought. Moreover, those defrauded people were not able to use their regular wages anymore if they wanted to buy some items which they
Introduction The story of Asher Lev is one of the most poignant examples of Jewish-American literature. It touches on numerous subjects, such as the opposition of communal values to those of the individual, criticizes dogmatic views and perceptions of God, and promotes art as one of the truest ways of worshipping a higher deity (Gale, Cengage Learning 2016). Talent is God’s gift to humanity, and what humanity does with it is their gift back to God. The subject of talent and its purposes runs like a red line through My Name is Asher Lev , allowing the readers to decide on their own whether art and the ability to practice it is worth giving up so many things considered universally valuable and important in our lives. The truth of the matter, of course, lies in the eye of the beholder. Based on individual values and beliefs, artistic talent can become a blessing, a curse, or both. The purpose of this paper is to discuss what art was for the hero of the book titled My Name is Asher Lev . Artistic Talent as a Blessing The word “Blessing” is associated with something good and pleasurable for the individual. Talent, by definition, is the predisposition towards doing something. It does not necessarily mean that it is a blessing. A person could be an excellent surgeon and have a great talent for it but loathe the profession. In the case of Asher Lev, his talent is also a blessing, as art is something he greatly enjoys doing. We can see it throughout the book, as the only times when Asher is actually happy in his otherwise conflicting and difficult life is when he is painting. It is not just an area or a skill that he takes an interest in, it is a compulsion. He draws at home, and he draws in his class, much to the dismay of his colleagues, teachers, and parents. Asher’s art shows to have some power to it early on, as the menacing picture of the Rebbe he draws during one of his classes serves as a powerful window into the boy’s soul, showing just how much he opposes the movement to Vienna, convincing the Rebbe to let him stay at home (Potok 2003). Another example of how artistic talent was Asher’s blessing can be found in his meeting with Jacob Kahn, who became his teacher and his friend. Jacob Kahn was a cold, blunt, and seemingly uncaring individual, a pariah outside of the community (Gale, Cengage Learning 2016). Yet, he and Asher were capable of finding common ground, as both of them were capable of speaking the same language, which was the language of art. With him, Asher no
The current state of globalization has opened up different international markets for companies operating in different business industries. The globalisation concept enables companies to invest in foreign markets and expand their market share across the globe. One of the clear phenomena following this development is that most of the companies investing in different international markets have to evaluate the target markets for viability. The British company looking to invest in a foreign market requires clear understanding of the potential held by various markets before making the investment. The most feasible target market is the one with the highest chances of success in the business in both the short-term and long-term basis. The company needs to understand the trends of consumption of its products, and relate this to the business environment in the various potential markets. The Chinese market is one of the largest producer and consumer of Bicycles. The high population in China influences the citizens to find alternative sources of transportation, and cycling is the most feasible alternative to using automobiles in the overcrowded streets. Statistics reveal that more than half the Chinese population owns a bicycle. This statistic indicates that China would be a potential target nation for the British company. While China may present a unique opportunity for the British company, it is also apparent that there are many Chinese companies that produce electric bicycles. Companies like the Zhejiang Jueshuai Electrical & Mechanical Technology Co., Ltd and the Wuxi Hansun Autocycle Co., Ltd have operated in the Chinese market for several years, and their competitiveness could easily knock out the British company out of business (Transportation 2014). The Chinese market is not feasible for a start-up company because the auto-cycle industry is at an advanced level, and the competition is too stiff. There are many local and international companies in the market, and their prices are quite competitive. Operating in such a market would require the British company to form a partnership, which may result to lower profits. Netherlands is known as the country of cyclists because the majority of the society cycles to work. Cycling is the most popular mode of transportation in the nation; hence, the society spends a large amount of their individual income in purchasing bicycles. The business environment in the Netherlands is competitive because the society has shifted from looking for affordable bicycles to focusing on the quality of the products. Some of the wealthiest companies in electric bicycle production in the nation include Sparta Ion GL Blackline, Mother Bike Power, and Gazelle Orange Pure Innergy among many others (Dutch Electric Bicycles 2014). The companies offer a wide range of prices and qualities for their bicycles; hence, a company at the start-up level would have a rough time harnessing a profitable market share in this market. The German market has similar characteristic