The main objective of the United Arab Emirates’ nuclear security regime is to create a safe working environment that will not cause damage to people, property or nature. The effectiveness of this approach is based on several aspects like establishing international relationships, protection of data, maintaining nuclear security facilities, and response plans (IAEA, n.d.). However, each of these factors implies dealing with certain problems. The main goals of this paper are to analyze essential elements of the State’s nuclear security regime and discuss possible challenges that might take place. Essential Elements and Challenges It is necessary to identify and explain the responsibilities that are to be distributed to ensure the implementation of new security policies. The process of designation of such responsibilities among authorities will develop in stages. In addition, there are several essential elements on which the State’s nuclear security regime is built. The first step is to establish competent authorities that can carry out the assigned nuclear security responsibilities. To overcome this challenge, the state should design a comprehensive system of governmental agencies, along with a set of laws and norms to implement effective collaboration (“Regulations,” n.d.). Therefore, it is necessary to create methods for proper coordination and communication among these regulatory bodies. Also, regulatory bodies should have sufficient independency to exercise their power and make necessary nuclear security decisions. The second step is to establish a transport system for radioactive materials. The main challenge that the State will have to deal with regarding this issue is to ensure adequate protection of such materials (IAEA, n.d.). It will be necessary to control international transportation as well (“Transporting nuclear,” n.d.). Therefore, the collaboration will extend to the international level. The third step is to design a penalty scheme. However, the challenge is to combine it with criminal laws that have to be also adapted to the new security regime (IAEA, n.d.). In addition, it requires establishing the jurisdiction over the violations of new laws including the prosecution and extradition systems. The fourth step is to identify and evaluate nuclear security threats. The problem is that there are domestic and international threats (“Nuclear security,” n.d.). Hence, to implement the new nuclear security regime, it will be necessary to cooperate with foreign governmental agencies, sharing confidential information that is crucial for the national development. The fifth step is to detect nuclear security events. The challenge is to ensure that organizations involved in a nuclear security system have all necessary equipment that detects and evaluates nuclear security events and passes on this information to the competent regulatory bodies (“Nuclear safety,” n.d.). It is important to maintain such facilities and conduct functional testing. The sixth step is to prepare all parties involved in a nuclear security system for nuclear security events. It requires cultivating a safety culture among these organizations (“Safety culture,” n.d.). The main problem is that arrangements should be made at local, national, and international levels. Therefore, it is necessary to design response plans to implement fast mobilization, effective coordination, appropriate functioning, international assistance, and s