ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Maurits Cornelis Escher was born on June 17, 1898, in Leeuwarden, Netherlands. The interest in art has been present in a boy’s life from an early age, but he did not have a lot of success. A couple of failed attempts later, Maurits got into the School of Architecture and Decorative Arts. There he studies architecture but later switches to graphic arts. After finishing school, he goes to Italy and meets his future wife, Jetta Umiker. The couple spends their life in Italy (11 years), Switzerland, and Belgium (6 years), and then return to the Netherlands, where they live for 31 years. Escher’s World and way of life have influenced his art tremendously. His love for mathematical and geometrical models and philosophical interpretation of objects was at the core of his works. Escher was fascinated with Italy, and while living in this country, he created many works depicting the coasts, villas, and nature of this poetic land. The mosaics of the country’s old castles inspire Maurits’ future style frames. Gravity and the order Escher was the author of many inspirational and interesting quotes. Finding correlations between his art and expressions may help understand the artist’s thinking pattern. The first quote of his: “We adore chaos because we love to produce order,” is a perfect opportunity to analyze his works’ philosophy. People enjoy disarray because it creates a possibility of applying order, which is a constant human desire. Escher is a master of order, and he demonstrates it with one of his best works, Gravity . This piece of art is a metaphor for people’s desire to create order. At the center of the lithography is a star-like object, which provides a habitat for creatures. This may sound like complete chaos, but Escher manages to bring order to the situation. The object in the middle is perfectly shaped and consists of multidimensional, pyramid-looking structures situated on every plain. The creatures have an odd skin color, and their body types are similar to a lizard, but the author captures every beast in the pyramid. The symbiosis of the fantastical creatures and cosmic objects created in order, so reminiscent of a human’s mind, is the display of people’s craves for structure and logic. The second Maurits’ phrase is: “To have peace with this peculiar life; to accept what we do not understand; to wait calmly for what awaits us, you have to be wiser than I am.” The piece of art relatable to this quote is Relativity . This is a perfect example of the artist not applying his philosophical templates in life, but doing so in his works. The lithograph is one of Escher’s “impossible” works because it displays different plains and dimensions. The representation of the viewpoint makes this work unique on every observation, but the most crucial part of this lithograph is its message. People exist at the same time, and everybody has a unique point of view. Every person in the lithograph lives in a different dimension. The stairs may go up for one character and go down for the other, representing the differences in life and the simultaneous existence. The message correlates with a quote b
What is the company? Island Greek Donair and Pizza is a restaurant that specializes in creating specialty Greek cuisine. Products The company creates an assortment of products such as pizzas, burgers, and other traditional Greek cuisines such as gyros and salads. Promotion The primary method that the company utilizes in promoting the restaurant consists primarily of social media accounts, a website, and flyers. While this has enabled the company to bring in a lot of customers, there are more clients than it could potentially bring in if it expanded its promotion into other areas such as radio. Pricing The average price of the products ranges from $8 to $10, with some of the more expensive products reaching $15 to $25. When examining the price of the products, it is apparent that they are relatively expensive as compared to fast food places. However, when compared to other specialty restaurants in the area where the dishes cost $20 to $30 on average, the price at Island Greek is actually reasonable. This gives it a certain competitive advantage when it comes to price, however, it should be noted that given the small location of the restaurant, this limits the ability of the restaurant to maximize its daily income. Internal Analysis Presently, Island Greek Donair and Pizza averages roughly 30 people within a given day (more on weekends) with an average of roughly $30 per customer. On a given day, that is equivalent to $900 a day, and within a month is equivalent to $27,000. Considering the fact that the restaurant’s location is relatively small, it does not pay as much when it comes to renting and with some of its tables located outside, its overhead costs on electricity are lower than most places. This results in a large percentage of the profits going directly to the owners of the company. It must also be noted that such numbers have been steadily increasing, as seen in its performance in 2013, which averaged around 50 to 60 during the weekends, as stated by the manager of the restaurant. Customers Per day Comparison Between 2010 and 2011 This is indicative of the fact that as the popularity of Greek food continues to grow within Sydney, the more likely it is that the number of customers on average that patronize Island Greek Donair and Pizza will increase over the next couple of years. Another aspect that should be taken into consideration is the current position of the restaurant in the market as the premier source of authentic Greek cuisine in Sydney and the fact that it has marketed itself more prolifically as compared to other specialty restaurants within the city through its social media accounts and website. In fact, when examining the sheer amount of positive user rated views of the company online, it can be seen that the financial performance of the company will certainly get better and increase over time as the number of its patrons continues to grow. Weaknesses One of the main weaknesses of the restaurant is sudden cost changes to ingredients brought about by natural calamities such as floods, earthquakes, red tide, etc. This directly impacts the restaurant’s
Introduction As a science, positive psychology entails inquiries that seek to identify the strengths that facilitate individuals’ and communities’ success. Particularly, the study of positive psychology holds that individuals and groups are in constant pursuit of happiness. As such, parties that embrace positive psychology seek to lead meaningful and successful lives characterized by developed personalities and involvement regarding love, work, and play. Precisely, positive psychology is concerned with realizing genuine happiness and good life (Seligman, 2013). The field of positive psychology traces its roots from the works of Martin Seligman after he assumed his role as the new president of the American Psychology Association (APA) in 1998 (Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi, 2014). Seligman (2013) underlines the theme of positive psychology throughout his leadership. Thus, he is regarded as the pioneer of modern positive psychology. Individuals need to concentrate on their strengths instead of their weaknesses in pursuit of happiness. The contemporary positive psychology is a depiction of the fourth wave of development in the field of psychology. The initial three waves include the disease model, behaviorism, and humanistic psychology, respectively. Nonetheless, other scholars who are also regarded as the founding fathers of positive psychology include William James, Abraham Maslow, Christopher Peterson, and Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. Additionally, several scholars are accountable for influencing positive psychology, including Albert Bandura, through his self-efficacy theory, Donald Clifton, who developed the strengths-based psychology, and the efforts of Deci and Bryan in the establishment of the self-determination theory. Besides, other models include the subjective wellbeing concept by Ed Diener, the growth versus fixed mindset concept developed by Carol Dweck, and the broaden-and-build theory by Barbara Frederickson (Carr, 2011). In this respect, this paper proposes incorporating a positive psychology framework to the leader of a business organization by identifying its application in other organizations, the implementation plan, and the potential challenges of implementing the framework before discussing the future directions. Application of Positive Psychology in Various Institutions The positive psychology concept has been applied in various organizational environments, thereby contributing to happiness attainment among members. As such, a business organization could embrace the positive psychology framework in a way that changes the mindset of managers and employees towards happiness, a depiction of successful business engagements. Mills, Fleck, and Kozikowski (2013) insist that the adoption of positive emotions in an organization results in establishing a productive frame of mind among employees. Over the last decade, different types of organizations, such as schools and health facilities, have embraced the positive psychology framework to enhance the realization of happiness among stakeholders (Joseph, 2015). Notably, educational institutions now concentrate on the integr
Introduction The character, Connie, in the story “Where are you going, where have you been” is a classic example of a teenage character who is attempting to discover her own identity while making mistakes along the way. Short story guides, such as those by Lee (2010), indicate that this particular type of characterization is often utilized to impart important life lessons associated with the concept of choice wherein the characters in their search for their identity often make the worst choices possible in order to teach readers the importance of framing one’s choices in life in an appropriate and reasonable manner (Lee, 81-94). Such aspects can clearly be seen in the story as evidenced by Connie’s choices which led to her gaining the attention of Arnold who is, for the most part, characterized as an antagonistic character who will lead the protagonist (i.e. Connie) to an ill-advised end. Other such examples of wrong choices leading to bad ends can be seen in the relationship Connie has fostered with her parents which, over time, would certainly lead to a certain level of disassociation with the complete separation of family ties. It is based on this that this paper presents the notion that: the character of Connie is a way in which readers are presented with the dangers of ill-advised choices and the potential they have to lead people to tragic ends. Connie and her Mother Early on in the story readers are introduced to conflict between Connie and her mother, yet this conflict is merely a mother worrying for her child and not the stifling and controlling environment Connie perceives it as. It was shown that Connie has problems communicating with her mother due to being constantly compared to her sister June. She often feels that her mother is judging her for being so unlike her sister that, as a result, she rebels in the form of associating herself more with her friends rather than her family. The problem with this particular scenario is that Connie perceives the criticism she receives from her mother as a way in which she is confined and controlled. What is actually happening is that it is a way in which her mother is trying to protect her from the dangers of the outside world. Short story guides such as those by Lohafer (2012) indicate that the characterization of a mother is often shown to be overbearing but is, in fact, a method to show how the perception of the main character is often mistaken with the overbearing attitude often being right given the negative influences that often assail the main character in various stories (Lohafer, 239-254). A similar case can be seen in the story wherein the attitudes and behaviors of Connie’s friends result in the development of negative behavioral characteristics which one can associate with the term “white trash” (i.e. this refers to girls who appear overly garish and slutty). Connie’s choice to ignore her mother’s advice thus manifests itself in the development of behavior of “trying to fit in” or wearing clothes in a slightly provocative way to attract the attention of boys. This, of course, can lead to potentially disastrous consequences as evidenced by Arnold’s growing inter
Factors Influencing Incoming Freshmen to Major in Accounting Incoming freshmen have career ambitions whose ultimate goal is to become organizational managers in leading corporations in both the private and public sectors. Therefore, they need to major in accounting to enable them to achieve their dreams. For example, after majoring in management accounting, freshmen develop professional knowledge and skills to prepare and/or present financial information in a way that makes it possible to arrive at essential decisions on policy formulation, planning, and control. Hence, management accounting constitutes an important tool for making decisions in an organization from which freshmen with the ambitions of becoming organizational managers cannot shun away. Indeed, management accounting provides and facilitates the deployment of accounting information by various organizational managers to enable them to arrive at subtle decisions that can permit them to better their administration coupled with control functions. Controlling, directing, and monitoring are essential roles of any manager or a leader who wishes to work for any profit-making organization. Such roles cannot be accomplished without sufficient knowledge and understanding of accounting. The current business world has entrepreneurs who are seeking formal training that can enable them to initiate and run their businesses successfully. For example, during the start-up phase, entrepreneurs may deploy budgeting and capital investment techniques. However, in the case of a business in the mature phase, they may depend on cost management and quality control in making their ultimate decisions. Freshmen can acquire this knowledge and/or learn how it can practically apply by majoring in accounting. Traits and Characteristics that Indicate One is Good in Accounting People good in accounting need to have various traits such as excellent communication, ability to think analytically, critically, and creatively, and the possession of strong moral, budgeting, and ethical standings (Camacho 318). Accountants have a responsibility to observe various ethical issues or concerns in their work. The Institute of Management Accountants prescribes proficiency, discretion, reliability, and trustworthiness as key ethical issues worth considering by all financial and accounting managers. Credibility requires accounting administrators to communicate objectively and fairly while disclosing important information for enhancing user understanding of reports, recommendations, and comments presented to them. Integrity encompasses an obligation for refusal to participate or conspire in deeds that discredit the accounting management line of work. Accounting uses various analytical tools to describe and project business operations and performance. Hence, those with quick mastery of arithmetic and probably analytical knowledge possess important characteristics that indicate they are good in accounting. Prescribing the current and future
The traditional view about conflict is that conflict is destructive and should be eliminated. However, this is not correct. In fact, the only type of conflict that poses negative effects to an organization is interpersonal conflict, as it causes individual distraction and divergence from organizational goals (Siira 22). Other forms of conflict, like task conflict and procedural conflict, only improve the capacity of decision-making and foster innovativeness and group discussions that result in positive benefits to the organization. Thus, the contemporary view and the interactionist view support conflict to some extent, citing that conflict management should only be enforced to ensure that conflict does not escalate to unmanageable levels. This essay seeks to analyze the view that conflict in organizations is harmful and should be eliminated through an analysis of both the negative and positive effects of conflict. There are three primary types of conflict. These are interpersonal, procedural, and task conflict. Notably, members of a certain group may tend to disagree with opinions and facts from higher authorities (Hotepo et al. 2). Mostly, the conflict that arises due to substance matters being discussed is referred to as task conflict (Ongori 18). Normally, this kind of conflict is productive, as it tends to improve the capacity of decision-making, as well as intensifies the degree of rational thinking among members. Another area of conflict in interpersonal relationships, as they involve one to one interaction among the employees (Rahim 206). This conflict arises due to personality differences among the members of the organization. The cause of the disagreements may be attributable to cruel remarks from one person or antagonistic remarks directed to the personal characteristics of a particular organizational member, among other causes (Beheshtifar and Zare 404). Normally, such conflicts lead to adverse effects, as people tend to disregard the general organizational good and resort to selfish aims. This kind of behavior is mainly expressed through nonverbal cues, such as icy glares and people avoiding eye contact with one another, among other expressions (Ongori 18). While interpersonal conflict is not avoidable, it is imperative that it is appropriately managed to ensure that members of the group can coexist. Procedural conflict occurs when individual members of a group do not agree regarding a given procedure to be followed when executing assigned tasks. In effect, such conflict requires the implementation of new procedures and novel agenda setting. At times, it needs group modification (Ongori 18). Procedural conflict, just like task conflict, is a positive type of conflict. Notably, not all forms of conflict are harmful or pose adverse effects on the company. Similarly, not all conflicts bear a positive impact on the organization. However, people assume that conflict is a negative
Introduction The road to the achievement of civil rights by the African-Americans was not an easy one. Discrimination was a normal day to day phenomenon for them. They were not offered jobs, not allowed in the military, government and even academic institutions (McCarthy 1). The Americans made sure that the Africans living in the United States of America were segregated and tortured in a bid to show them that that was not where they belonged. This therefore led to the rise of several campaigns to fight for the rights of the African Americans. The list of the political activists who campaigned for the rights of African- Americans is endless. Among them was Philip Randolph a black American who came to rise in the year 1917 (Brooks, L. et a, 399). The life of Philip Randolph Philip Randolph was born in the year 1889 in Florida and later passed in 1979 in the New York City. For the ninety years he lived, he had achieved what one would wish to achieve and especially his fight for his community. Being born of Christian parents who strongly supported the presence of equal rights for the African Americans he grew up with the zeal to fight for those rights. Among the first steps he took to fight for African-American rights was the release of the messenger magazine which contained literature campaigning for their rights (Smith 1). This made him get arrested in the company of his co-editor and charged with treason. It was after this that he gained more strength and motivation to fight for the civil rights of his fellow black Americans. He later founded many movements and institutions in a bid to fighting their civil rights. Randolph believed that no black American could get freedom rights without being empowered economically. It was this reason that made him fight for the rights of black American workers so that they would get good ranks in the trade unions. To show the seriousness in his work, he led the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters (BSCP) which was the first union to campaign for the African- American rights (Winston 1). He later on served as a leader of the American Federation of Labour as well as the Congress of Industrial Organizations. The Executive Orders Randolph’s battle for the African-American rights did not end until he had overseen the signing of the executive order 8802. This order was also referred to as the Fair Employment Act which was to be signed by the president at that time Franklin Roosevelt. It was developed to forbid any form of discrimination that was taking place at that time in the United States as well as promoting equality between the whites and the blacks (Smith 2). This order eliminated discrimination in the war organisations hence allowing the black Americans to work in such organisations. To authenticate this order, a commission was formed to investigate on the complaints that arose from the black Americans that worked in the government and companies of the United States of America. Randolph can be complemented for the good job he specifically did by enfo