ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The ethical issue In general, ethics refers to the accepted virtues or norms that are moral and acceptable as good in a particular society. Ethics are thus aimed at promoting positive actions and general respect to humanity and its surroundings. In this case, the ethical issue is promotion of obesity as a result of the ever growing fast food industries. Obesity is as a result of consumption of too much fat that generally leads to increased fat level in the human body, its consequences are fatal and most victims suffer from cardiovascular problems and other heart associated complications. Application of ethical principal Ethical principles are generally guidelines or rather viewpoints which are essential in good or accepted decision making process in a society. Ethical principles are closely associated with ethical theories since they intertwine to create sound ethical analysis. In this case, the ethical principle or rule that is evident is the principle of least harm. This principle aims at mitigating or completely eliminating human actions that can cause harm to people. In this situation, the fast food industry ought to be sensitive to the consequences of using trans fats in their preparation of fast food products. How the ethical principal applies to the facts The principle of least harm in ethics is closely associated with the fast food industry; this is mainly because of the basic fact that fast food increases chances of obesity to its consumers. In Europe and the U.S. one of the major crises in the health segment is the increase of fast food consumption which leads to obesity and other fat related complications such as cardiovascular disease. It is unethical for the fast food industry to continue with their business without considering the consequence of their actions to their consumers. The use of trans fat cooking oil in the industry is one of the major cause of obesity. Most American children are already addicted to consumption of fast foods; their advertisement is usually targeted to young children who have less knowledge on the consequences of such foods. In essence, children and teens are considered one of the major independent consumer segments of the fast food industry. According to the current statistics, more and more advertisements are placed strategic in order to capture the attention of young children and teens. This is unethical of the fast food industry; the principle of least harm is naturally violated by such unethical actions of the fast food industries. This is mainly because of the consequences of these foods consumptions. It is the responsibility of every industry in the country to closely consider the consequences of their actions to the environment and humanity. The unethical behaviors of the fast food industry which has led to increased cases of obesity cannot be over-emphasized. If the rule of least harm had been applied, there could have been less if no cases of obesity in the country as currently witnessed. It is therefore the duty of fast food industry to incorporate the principle least harm in order to reduce cases of obesity and othe
Introduction Initially, Cadbury and Schweppes were two independent companies. The latter was a dairy products’ manufacturer while the former specialized in beverages. Each of them was a large company with a major influence in its country’s economy. Wiggins adds “Cadbury was number three in the global soft drinks market” (n. p). The giant company offers job opportunities to the immediate community. Amalgamation between Cadbury and Schweppes The two companies decided to form a cartel in the wake of 1969. The managements from the two companies believed that the merger would secure a larger market share. Schweppes’ Watkinson become the head while Cadbury’s Adrian became the deputy head. The amalgamation opened a new chapter in the existence of the two companies. The merger grew rapidly to become a multi-national corporation in the major world economies such the United States of America and England. However, they had to cut off their links with close partners. The merger expanded and nine years later; it purchased Peter Paul; one of the biggest chocolate producers in the United States of America. Additionally, it bought Snapple drinks (Hays, n. p). The expansion is attributed to its strong purchasing power. In the early 1981, the company entered the consumer market in England and expanded to all its regions within three years. The company reaped significantly in Britain as compared to United Kingdom. In the first quarter of 1995, Cadbury Schweppes purchased Dr Pepper/Seven Up, Inc. The move propelled it to become a large beverage producer, second of Cola. Cadbury Schweppes Management Practices Cadbury Schweppes believes in a cohesive management system. First, it conforms to all the legal requirements. It prepares financial statements such as the balance sheet, profit and loss account. The statements provide a rough picture of the company’s status and other datum that interests financial analysts and shareholders. The company values proper communication. Communication is an important aspect of management because it helps a firm acquire information regarding the company’s image in the public. Moreover, it allows the customers reach the company to order products or make suggestions. Therefore, Cadbury Schweppes values communication owing to its accessible communication channels. Monetary Goals Every company has a set of goals it aims to achieve by the end of a trading period and Cadbury Schweppes is
The “Haussmanization” of Paris vividly outlined the social and financial inequality of classes in the city. Having in mind, perhaps, the ideas of beautification, sanitation, and anti-revolution Baron Georges Haussmann drew a clear line between the old and the new, between the poor and the rich. In his poem, Charles Baudelaire brings forth the results of such changes stating that the disproportion in wealth was now lying on the surface right before the eyes of the poor. The Modernization of Paris in the 1850s The revolutions of 1830 and 1848 showed that the medieval structure of the streets in Paris was playing one of the major roles in their success (Serag 68). Therefore, the regime tried to find a solution in tearing down the maze that helped the strugglers. Broad boulevards divided the old quarters and minimized the possibility of barricading (Jordan 110). According to Benjamin, the new streets with all their glittering beauty became the symbol of modern Paris, where the dominance of the bourgeoisie could be visible (146). However, those large shiny streets were designed not to address the needs of the people, but to keep them out of sight. It was repression against the poor (Terdiman 707). The Depiction of Classes in the Poem Baudelaire describes the upper class through the rich interior of the café and the abundance of food, noting that “all history and all mythology at the command of gluttony” (Baudelaire 68). Here the author expresses the shame for all that opulence attributing it to one of the seven mortal sins. This sense of discomfort for pleasuring themselves in front of others is verbalized by the words “I felt a little ashamed” (Baudelaire 69). This phrase may imply that wealthy people cannot see that they have more than they need, and for that, he feels shame. The image of the poor is depicted through their clothes, faces, and, most importantly, their eyes. The father of the family is around forty years old with an already graying beard and a tired face. He may be a typical portrait of a working-class person, who looks older than he is due to harassing labor. The family went for a stroll. The father carries a child of unclear gender that is said to be “too weak to walk” (Baudelaire 69). The latter suggests that food is scarce in this family. All of them are poorly clothed adding to their image of the deprived working-class representatives. The theme of Eyes in the Poem Their eyes play a major role in the illustration of the relationships between the two classes. However, the look of each family member is different. The father notes only the glitter of the gold whereas the middle son’s eyes reflected the deeper and grimmer thought of the endless gap dividing the two worlds. The gap their family will never cross. The eyes of the smallest child relay the pure emotion of joy and happiness not burdened by thought. Despite the purity of their emotions that touched the heart of a narrator, his companion seems to be displeased. She sees only hunger in their eyes and the dirtiness of their clothes and the combination seems to frighten and disgust her. The inability to s
Introduction FedEx is an international company that specializes in offering its clients top-notch business services, which include transport and ecommerce. It is a highly respected brand that makes up to 32 billion dollars yearly and its operations are characterized by massive collaborations with other respected companies of the world. The FedEx company boasts of an employee base of up to 260,000 employees who are very dedicated towards its far-reaching success. The staffs of FedEx are highly professional and focus on meeting the customer’s needs with a positive attitude and high ethics (FedEx 2010). The FedEx Company has received many awards for its top performance and is among the world’s most trusted companies. FedEx has a large market base with its services being enjoyed in up to 220 countries all over the world though its main market is in the United States. Their services are familiar with a majority due to its convenience that includes reliability and promptness and people looking at speed deliveries can trust FedEx to offer them fast and safe deliveries which they do via trusted fastest networks (FedEx 2010). The FedEx Corporation runs under different names according to the type of services it offers and some of these companies under its umbrella include the FedEx trade networks, FedEx express, FedEx custom critical, FedEx ground, FedEx trade networks, FedEx services and FedEx supply chain. FedEx mission is to provide top notch services to its customers and ensuring that they are highly satisfied by the superior quality of their services. Also to be noted is that FedEx strives to be the best employer through healthy relationships with its employees, suppliers and partners (FedEx 2010). It also looks at offering its clients the safest and fast deliveries through its highly qualified employees governed by professionalism and ethics. FedEx strategies are in three level
The role of the investigator is central to solving a crime. It is a fact that it would never be nearly as effective if not for specific techniques and skills at the investigator’s disposal. Among those crucial practices is adequate evidence documentation – which includes two main evidence-recording ways – investigator’s notes and crime scene photography. The characteristics of these criminology tools are discussed in this paper. Note-taking is essential to crime-solving because of its ability to record any type of information, as well as the crime scene investigator’s (CSI), thought patterns that occur at first-hand experience with the scene. It is truly an integral part of scene processing because without well-recorded evidence, it is often “difficult to explain or make understandable to a jury any observation made by CSI” (Gardner & Krouskup, 2018, p. 179). Concerning the effectiveness of notes, generally, they should contain a high level of detail, and straightforwardness and cover all areas of the crime scene. They should mention the areas that were nondescript, too – to exclude the later allegations of the lack of careful inspection. The investigator’s notes are the prime source of evidence and often contain small details that prove to be crucial later. That is why good notes should “accurately reflect action and effort,” bearing in mind that “detailed descriptions will assist the investigator in evaluating some point that may not be clear from a photograph” (Gardner & Krouskup, 2018, p. 180). Photography, however, provides information on various levels of detail, from “an overall perspective right up to specific items,” serving as a better proof sometimes than reports and notes ever can be (Gardner & Krouskup, 2018, p. 109). These evidence-bearing devices hold a lot of weight in the positive outcomes of crime-solving and corroborate each other incredibly well. Note-taking and crime scene photography serve the same initial purpose for the investigation – they both provide sources of information collected directly from the scene. That is why they hold immense value for the CSI and the judicial authority since both forms of evidence recording tools provide a unique and accurate outlook on the crime scene, both giving a better illustration of the other. Reference Gardner, R. & Krouskup, D. (2018). Practical Crime Scene Processing and Investigation, (3 rd ed.). Chapman & Hall/CRC Press.
The Beatles was a British music band that started in 1960 and broke up in 1970 (Cooper 551). John Lennon had been a member of the Quarrymen Band, a group he had formed with his schoolmates before he transformed it to the Beatles (Holt 359). He recruited each of the other three members one after the other starting with the rhythm guitarist, Paul McCartney, in 1960. He replaced his departed Quarrymen friends (Cooper, 553). The other three later followed between 1960 and 1962. Ringo Starr joined last when he left the Hurricanes in 1962. They specialized in playing hard rock, pop, Indian music, and a fusion of these genres with classical music (Weiss 282). Most of these genres had roots in America. By the time the Beatles stabilized as a band, American musicians were already making their names in these genres (The Beatles n.pag). Therefore, the genres were considered by many people as American genres. In fact, many people believed that only American artists could excel in these genres. By the end of 1962, the Beatles was a complete quartet of John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr (Holt 359). They first performed in Liverpool but later moved to Hamburg and stayed there for several years before returning to Liverpool to embark on a series of trips abroad (Weiss 282). This paper explores how they become famous with a genre of music that was known to be American. Their fame grew after the release of the single “Love me do.” Their manager Brian Epstein noticed their ability and decided to model them into professional musicians (Weiss 282). Their producer, George Martin, also decided to improve their music quality in order to help them grow as musicians (Holt 359). Previously, they were playing in pubs, which did not provide enough exposure to make them well-known. Therefore, the efforts of both Epstein and Martin were very instrumental in their careers. They were very famous in Britain by 1963 and were already infiltrating into the American rock and pop markets by 1964 (Weiss 283). However, they were aware that penetrating the American pop market was not easy because Americans were considered the best in pop and its genres. In Britain, their fans nicknamed them “the Fab Four” (Holt 359). The fans fell in love with them at a very fast rate. Their popularity in America grew very quickly that people referred to their popularity in America as “The British Invasion” of the American industry. All the American radio stations frequently played their songs. Understanding the popularity of the Beatles in the American pop market with an American genre of music requires an understanding of the history of rock music and other related genres. Rock originated in the United States of America in the 1950s (Holt 359). It has several genres that are closely related to “rock and roll.” Many people categorize it as a genre of popular music. It borrows lots of elements from genres such as blu
What is the common theme of situational and contingency leadership theories? Explain and contrast Fiedler’s and Hersey and Blanchard’s theories The common theme of the situational and contingency leadership is that there is no perfect leader. Each leadership approach is right on its own. The common point of agreement is that each situation requires a certain type of leadership style. It means that each situation is appropriate for a specific type of leadership style. Both theories view the directive leadership approach as appropriate for a given situation depending on the prevailing situation. Both theories believe that leadership can only be used to influence others based on the behavioural requirements of a certain situation. Each situation requires the leader to influence the people by building a certain type of relationship between the people and the leader. According to the theories, effective leadership depends on the relationship-building capabilities of the leaders. In each case, a leader can be task motivated or behaviour motivated. It is important to note that success in leadership, in this case, depends on the people or employees perceptions in an organization, and the prevailing situations at the workplace. According to the Fiedler’s theory, leaders can be relationship or task motivated. Situations depend on structure, position power, and the leader-member relationships. Hersey and Blanchard’s theories focus on work situations that are related with followers’ willingness and ability to fit into and to perform work tasks. Different levels of willingness demand different leadership style. Fiedler’s theory differs from Hersey and Blanchard’s theories on levels of motivation and the appropriate situation requiring the application of the theory. In contrast, the leadership assessment, according to Fiedler’s leadership theory, shows task motivated leaders to be the best performers and relationship-based leaders as moderate performers. Compare transformational and transactional leadership theories, providing an example of a leader who illustrates each approach. When would each be useful? Transformational leadership focuses on motivation and morality. In each case, the leader motivates and inspires followers to achieve higher goals in their lives through shared values. Transformation is based on ethical inspirations and higher l
Whitman drafted the poem when the Suez Canal was being constructed. The major intention of his writing was to appreciate the engineering work that allowed the completion of the canal, the intercontinental railway as well as the fixation of the Atlantic wire/cable. The poem was aimed to celebrate the engineers’ success as well as the available chance to relate with spiritual customs and other people. Through his poetic journey, Whitman has always hoped to achieve unity among the people through his poetic write-ups (Whitman, 2005). In the poem, Whitman illuminates how fables and myths are relevant to the people of Asia. In his view on the individual’s soul and technology, Whitman explicates that the soul cannot only be delighted or be informed by mere modern science, but also by fables and myths adopted by different communities across the globe. Whitman is also enchanted by a global religious group. According to the author, India was the first country to discover the right way to the Deity. He commends the audacious spirit that measures the earth and links people. Whitman has also honored scientists for their efforts, which are not only for profit but also to allow spiritual illumination. Whitman is of the idea that spiritual relationship relies upon material contact or at least propinquity. The physical body acts as the channel through which the soul gains an understanding of the external world. To him, therefore, the body is an entity that is worth being worshiped and should be given a particular pre-eminence. Though Whitman offers a valid and convincing argument on the pre-eminence of the body, it has been difficult to accept the claim as true since the conflict between the mind and the body on the issue of predominance is hithert
Instructors often place restrictions on the number of words that students can write in an assignment. This may create difficulties for students who may have too many ideas on the concerned topics. However, others may feel that this is a positive attribute as it allows them to focus on specific issues. Quick pointers on 1000-word essays Give the essay adequate time – Students must realize that no matter how simple the topic may be adequate time allocation is a definite necessity. Sometimes one may imagine that the essay will take two hours only to find that it has dragged on for four hours or more. When minimal time is given to the task, this often compromises on the quality of the essay. Organize your ideas – a 1000-word essay may often turn out to be four pages long if common fonts have been used. Therefore, students must take the time to prepare a draft of what they want to include in the piece. One should reflect on the main idea and the arguments that support those main ideas. The paper must end with a conclusion that can be linked to the main idea. Formatting and rewriting the 1000-word essay may be necessary in order to eliminate possible problems. Be careful with the grammar – No matter what topic or course a student is associated with, one must never compromise on the quality of grammar used in one’s essay. Grammatical constructions should be used to link concepts in the work and the use of passive voice should be avoided.
The phenomenon of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was first explored and defined a bit more than a century ago. It is considered to be the most prevalent basis for dementia with an assessed incidence of more than 25 million individuals on the international scale (Barnes, 2012). What is more interesting, this number is projected to increase fourfold in the next four decades. Medicinal research shows that there presently is no efficient care that postpones the inception or decelerates the development of AD. Nevertheless, there were significant methodical developments in the different areas of biology, genetics, chemistry, and other sciences through the course of the prior two decades that were capable of altering the way we reflect on AD (Barnes, 2012). The scientists all over the world discuss some of the complexities of rendering these elementary biological and genetical findings into the medical treatment. The existing data proposes that if the illness is distinguished before the commencement of evident warning signs, it is probable that the treatments founded on the facts of fundamental pathogenesis will be of assistance in battling the Alzheimer’s disease (Barnes, 2012). In the rummage around for the new DNA segments that would provide evidence of the cure for Alzheimer’s disease, definitive relation-based and individual-gene-based connotation studies have been displaced (Bettens, Sleegers, & Van Broeckhoven, 2013). Instead, a number of innovational methods of sequencing were incorporated into practice (such as exome and genome-wide) for mendelian types of AD, and genome-wide connotation revisions for non-mendelian types of AD. The discovery of new vulnerability genetic factor has unlocked the new extents for investigation of the fundamental disease prognosticators (Bettens et al., 2013). On top of distinguishing innovative risk aspects in large models, the revised sequencing methods can bring fresh perceptions with even an insignificant number of individuals suffering from AD. The change in emphasis towards rendering research and categorizing of specific patients makes each patient’s genetic material the essential component of genetic research (Bettens et al., 2013). The theoretical swing required to turn the patient into the central figure of the genetic studies will necessitate robust teamwork and contribution from medical experts in neurology. Preclinical AD is dominant in mentally ordinary aged people and is connected to the impending perceptive deterioration and impermanence. Consequently, preclinical instances of AD could be the central clinical aspect in which the medical workers should be involved (McKhann et al., 2011). Recently, a group of researchers was given the task of reviewing the previously set norms for defining AD and dementia. The team of scientists wanted to guarantee that the reviewed conditions would be sufficiently flexible to be imple