ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Dietary Analysis Tonifying herbs and foods are the primary treatment for the above patient, who from the analysis is suffering from a lack of or minimal vital substance. These are Chinese traditional-based treatments for chronic constipation, which the patient is suffering from. The remedies mentioned are easy to prepare, very useful, and safe. The patient’s intake of processed foods has been detrimental to his health; therefore, the Chinese ingredients or remedies mentioned are helpful in correcting the problem. Chinese remedies for constipation consist only of ingredients that are natural (Cheng et al., 2009, p. 4895). These moisten the feces and lubricate the bowels allowing the uninterrupted passage of stool. The question arises of “what is the effectiveness of these medications and how do they stand in comparison to western-based medications?” This shows the importance of analyzing the Chinese diet and the proven effectiveness in their use in treating the cause of constipation. According to Huang et al. (2011, p. 644), honey, green leaves and water are effective for the treatment of constipation since they lubricate the intestines and allow for easier bowel movement. According to Jong et al. (2010, p. 383), constipation is caused by among others, inadequate fluid intake which makes the feces to be hard and compact, and the bowel to be un-lubricated. The intake of honey and water help in softening the stool and lubricating the bowels to allow the passage of previously dry and impacted feces. According to Cheng (2011, p.127), constipation is also caused by inadequate intake of fiber; they recommend the increased intake of food with high fiber content, in addition to increasing the intake of fluids. Dietary fiber sources are recommended more than comm
The Article’s Central Theme The article provides an analysis of the evaluation dynamics in the capital markets. Zenger observes that most market analysts favor easy-to-assess, but less valuable corporate strategies because investors rarely discount ventures that promise quick returns. On the other hand, analysts dismiss complex, but valuable strategies on grounds that they are difficult to evaluate and costly to implement. The article’s thesis is that the evaluation approaches employed by the financial market analysts are imperfect as they “undervalue companies with complex or unique corporate strategies”, which, however, turn out to be valuable (Zenger 53). Complex strategies not only require more time and information to evaluate but are also hard to understand. Thus, analysts incorrectly undervalue such strategies or fail to evaluate such companies. To address this problem, the author suggests that companies with complex strategies should reveal more strategic information to the analysts and seek long-term investors (55). The author supports his argument with cases of undervalued, but promising corporate strategies. For instance, he writes that a Payne Webber analyst recommended that Monsanto should unbundle its portfolio businesses, which involved agricultural products, pharmaceuticals, and food products in order to be correctly evaluated. It later turned out that the analysts was wrong and the portfolio strategy was profitable. This motivated the author to analyze the challenges of evaluating complex strategies. The analysis revealed that analysts often focus on companies with easy-to-evaluate strategies and high “trade volume and size” (54). In contrast, unique strategies attract less coverage from analysts, which reduces a company’s market value. This creates ‘lemon’ capital markets, which, according to the author, do not favor quality strategies. In his argument, the author shows that analysts’ evaluations should not be perceived as an assurance that a company’s strategy is valuable. Rather, hard to understand strategies, which are often ignored or undervalued because they are difficult to sell in a ‘lemon’ market, may in fact have a higher sustainable value than the ease-to-assess strategies. However, since strategy evaluations rely on historical data, the evaluations give investors vital information about the relative risk of investing in a particular company. The author’s argument that analysts’ evaluations undervalue the investment merit of a company fails to address factors such as price fluctuations, which also influence investor confidence. While the limited analyst coverage of firms with unique strategies reduces their market value, investors consider a number of factors before investing in a company. The evaluations by analysts are just one way of evaluating investment merit and thu
Introduction In 2005, the Gulf Coast of the United States was hit by one of the strongest hurricanes in the history of the America. The hurricane had a category 3 rating on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale, caused massive damage of approximately $100 billion, displaced more than 400,000 residents, and led to massive flooding (Heerden 24). The federal government was blamed for being slow with regard to rescuing people, meeting the needs of victims after the storm, poor preparation in the relief effort, and mismanagement. Reponses to the flooding of New Orleans were delayed because of poor preparation by state and federal governments. Mayor Ray Nagin was highly criticized for failing to implement a food plan that could have helped many victims (Heerden 34). He ordered the victims to reside in shelters that did not have the necessary provisions such as water, food, and security. In addition, he delayed the emergency evacuation order that could have saved many lives. Louisiana’s governor (Kathleen Blanco) declined to take over command of law enforcement and instead sent a request to federal government for more National Guard troops (Heerden 35). The request was delayed. Moreover, Blanco failed to activate a compact with other affected states that could have allowed her to request for additional troops without first directing the application to the National Guard Bureau, which could have saved many lives (Heerden 35). The U.S. president was slow in responding to the disaster because of inadequate and inefficient information regarding the extent of the storm but promised to do everything in his power to mitigate the problem. Responses to the crisis The government played a key role in the rescue efforts even though its response was delayed due to lack of sufficient and efficient information regarding the severity of the disaster. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) summoned 1,000 Homeland security workers to help in the rescue efforts and implemented several measures that slowed the rescue process (Chaudhuri par. 3). For instance, FEMA barred firefighters and rescue crew from responding to distress calls in affected areas without the authorization of local and state authorities. On the other hand, the agency was adamant to accept assistance from non-government organizations that had potential and resources to help (Chaudhuri par. 3). For instance, the American Red Cross was not allowed to offer its services after the storm. FEMA declined personnel and food supplies from private and government agencies and as such responded inadequately (Chaudhuri par. 5). Evacuation of 25,000 who had moved to the Superdome was one of its positive responses to the disaster. Pre and Post Katrina city New Orleans was flourishing before the storm. The Welfare Rights organization helped fight for people’s rights. However, it was completely destroyed and came back a year later to help in reconstruction efforts. Before t
Executive Summary Fukamo Automobiles Company is a leading cars manufacturer in Brazil. The company intends to roll out an internationalisation strategy to expand to other parts of the world. The objectives of the organisation include becoming a leader in the automotive industry. The following report proposes an internationalisation strategy for Fukamo Automobiles Company. The strategy highlights the intentions of the company to tap into the European market. The proposed plan illustrates a strategic alliance with automobile companies in Germany, such as BMW. The Germany automotive industry is expected to provide the company with the best opportunity for innovation, production technology, and expansion. Company Background Fukamo Automobiles was started in 1912. It is one of the leading cars manufacturing companies in Latin America with headquarters in Rio de Janeiro. The company intends to expand its operations into Europe. It hopes to develop and enhance its capabilities in product development and in research and design. According to the management, the capabilities are important if the company is to attain its objective of becoming a leader in the industry. The major aim of this organisation is to gain technological prowess from the European venture. The development will help it to expand its operations throughout Europe and the USA. The following report provides the management with a proposition for the best country to focus on in Europe. Investing in the proposed country is expected to provide Fukamo with the opportunity to attain the desired objectives. In addition, the report provides advice on the preferred entry mode into the European country. Suggestions on how to effectively manage institutional and cultural differences and other issues are also made. The Proposed European Country for the Venture The preferred country for Fukamo’s internationalisation venture is Germany. The main goal for the company’s entry in Europe is to strategically derive technological innovations in automobile production. It is also aimed at enhancing Fukamo’s research and design capabilities. Germany is the best destination due to various factors. The country accounts for 20.2% of the European automobile market. German automobile industry is dominated by such companies as BMW, Volkswagen, and DaimlerChrysler. They are leading and reputable companies in the global market. The German automobile industry is very advanced technologically. The reality is evidenced by the influential automobile brands originating from the country, such as Mercedes Benz. According to Hagiu and Clipici (2009), internationalisation entails adopting exchange transaction modalities in relation to international markets. The strategy involves both market selection and entry modes. German automobile industry provides Fukamo with these opportunities. Pangarkar and Yuan (2009) highlight the issue of location in multinational businesses. Pangarka
One of the most long standing conflicts has been the Middle East Crisis. The misunderstanding between Palestine and Israel has been one of the most covered media article in all the media houses of the world. International news are full of news of rocket launching both on civilians and army, casualties being rushed to hospitals, homesteads reduced to rubbles etc. however, there has been instances of bias in the broadcasting of these news. Several organizations have accused the Western Media for being bias in its reporting. This essay will therefore highlight the ways by which one can identify instances of bias and show how these techniques have been used by the American media to report the news of the Middle East Crisis. Stereotypical instances of coverage in the news form a technique of bias. When covering a crime, a certain group of people, race, ethnicity, gender, religion, etc should not be believed or stereotyped to be the criminals. The real issue should be covered according to the unfolding the events. A good example of this in the United States Media coverage of the Middle East crisis comes in terms of criminalizing the Israeli forces. Most of the Media houses stereotype the Israeli forces as aggressive and merciless people who take all advantage in ensuring that they oppress the harmless women and children of the Palestinians decent (Katz, 2009). A good example of this was shown in the way a photo journalist of the Associated Press portrayed the photo of Tuvia Grossman that was spread in many media houses. In this photo, an Israeli soldier was captured standing over a battered Grossman drenched in Blood. And the caption read, “An Israeli policeman and a Palestinian on the Temple Mount.” Although this picture was used all over the world giving a picture of Israelis as the aggressors, the truth is that the bartered student was of an American Jewish who had been dragged from a taxi by Arabs in Jerusalem and beaten then stabbed. The misrepresentation, unfortunately, portrayed the perpetrators as the victims and the victims as the perpetrators. This shows the stereotypical belief that all people who are attacked are Palestinians and those who attack are Israeli soldiers (Katz, 2009). Using double standards during reporting can be used as a tool of framing. This is used by the media to create a certain inclination by the public towards a given topic. Double standards come in terms of reporting the same form of event in kinder words on one side of the characters while using harsher words on the other side of the same event (Fair, 2000). A good example of this in the US media was the reporting of the riots on October 13, 2000 (Katz, 2009). According to Katz, courtesy of CAMERA, an organization made to check on the fairness of the American media in the reporting on the issue of the Middle Ea
Summary of the Readings Author’s Main Point The book explores different feminist perspectives and positions on the body by drawing on different articles. The introductory chapter points out that the body is a unifying subject that attracts intense inquiry to reveal different possibilities of corporeality that were masked by the intellectual traditions of modernism (Price & Shildrick, 1999). Different critical points are raised in the other readings. Social norms require black women academics to deny their experience to conform to the white heterosexual ideal. The stereotypes of the lesbian body, such as tribades, consider lesbianism as either evil or narcissistic. Additionally, feminine indifference towards conventional masculine power is an affirmation of ‘female masculinity’. Gender has developed and displaced sex through social norms. Femininity is temporal; however, this does not undermine feminism. Conventional gender can be seen as a construction sustained through repeated performance. Citations from the Readings The authors draw from diverse feminist writings on the female body, black feminism, postmodern philosophy (Foucault’s normative ideals), and trans-sexuality, cultural studies, and theatre to depict the different conceptualizations of corporeality. For example, Simmonds (1997) quotes from the works of earlier feminists like Fanon to illustrate the challenges black women encounter in developing a “bodily schema” in a white world (p. 51). The citations support the key arguments made by the authors. Outline of Argument Openings on the body   * Enlightenment period’s pursuit of truth and knowledge led to the denial of corporeality   * Body passions considered an impediment to intellectual growth   * Sexual and racial differences fit gendered body categorizations, which form the core feminist agenda My body, myself   * Social imperatives of a white world stifle the expression of a black woman experience in academia   * For black women, “certain private information is inscribed in literature and social theory” (Simmonds, 1997, p. 51). Lesbian bodies   * Historical actions against tribades: legal, medical, and lethal   * One-sex model vs. two-sex archetype – a female as an inverted male body   * Female homosexuality developed from ‘penis envy’   * Lesbianism indicates feminine self-absorption with the body The making of female masculinity   * The lesbian body deconstructs gender and depicts it as a social invention   * Lesbianism can be understood as female masculinity Bodies that matter   * ‘Sex’ categories are normative ideals of control   * Gender (a social construct) is different from sex (biological) Bodies, identities, and feminisms   * Feminisms are indifferent to the male/female body particularities   * Acknowledging unique temporalities of women is critical in seeing the female body as gendered Bodily inscriptions   * The gendered body results from repetitive performances   * The identity express
Motivation of Oliver Cabell’s commitment to transparency Oliver Cabell’s commitment to transparency is motivated by morality. The start-up’s founder, Gabrielson, spent time learning about the scandal that led to the collapse of the Bangladesh factory in 2013 (Kline). The factor collapsed after its deplorable working conditions were exposed. Additionally, Gabrielson found out that the majority of big designer brands were producing their bags under the same inhuman conditions. He also visited a factory in Asia and witnessed in person the disgraceful working conditions that workers had to operate within while making unprecedented profits for companies in the West. Based on this experience, Gabrielson decided to start a company that would employ different production strategies to ensure better working conditions. In this new model, Oliver Cabell would produce high-quality bags and sell at affordable prices by sourcing materials directly and selling directly to the consumers. Therefore, given this information, it suffices to argue that Oliver Cabell’s commitment to transparency is motivated by morality, not profits. ‘Good’ and ‘bad’ profit in business One of the main reasons why businesses are established is to maximize shareholders’ value and make money. However, for the achievement of this goal, various aspects are involved. The difference between ‘good’ and ‘bad’ profits is the social and human costs involved in business operations. If organizations meet their full social and human cost obligations, their earnings could be considered ‘good’. For instance, in the case of the Bangladesh factory, meeting the human cost would require the management to ensure proper and decent working conditions. Human dignity should not be lost in the quest to make money. Workers should be remunerated reasonably in tandem with the returns that they generate. If a company is making millions in earnings, even the junior employees should feel the effects, by getting bonuses or better salaries. However, if organizations do not meet these requirements, the profits made therein are considered ‘bad’. Making unusually high net income at the expense of exploited human beings (workers) is unethical. For example, the companies profiting from the Bangladesh factory situation were making ‘bad’ profits. Similarly, organizations need to pay the social cost of doing business. Social costs include environmental pollution and any other activity that affects society negatively. Therefore, for companies to make ‘good’ profits, they should pay for the damages. For example, if an organization’s operations cause pollution, it should pay to clean it up. The money generated after being socially responsible is ‘good’ profits. On the other hand, a liquor company may decide to sell its products to a community with alcoholism problems. Such business actions would lead to family strife and social instability among other associated issues. Such a company could be said to make ‘bad’
Introduction Organizational Development (OD) strategies are aimed at improving the organization’s performance (Beer & Spector, 2003). One of the strategies is the organizational diagnosis, which involves the evaluation of the organization current level of functioning in order to come-up with suitable change intervention methods (Beer & Spector, 2003). The intervention strategies involve various organizational diagnostic models that enable the executives to understand the current situation of the firm. The report analyzes various models that can be applied by Whole Foods Markets to come up with appropriate intervention strategy. What Models Do, Overview, Strengths and Weaknesses The Congruence Model for Organization Analysis Proposed by Nadler and Tushman, the congruence model comprehensively identifies the organization’s inputs, throughputs and outputs. Besides the model is in line with the open system theory and based on various assumptions, which are critical in the understanding of the organization dynamics. In fact, the model remains critical in the understanding of the organization as an open social system within the larger environment where transformation is possible. Besides, the behavior within an organization occurs at individual, group and system levels. Moreover, interactions within the organization occur between individuals, groups and systems. The congruence model is significant in wholly understanding the organization. The comprehensive manner in which the model views the organization is ideal in examining the problems currently facing the organization. In fact, the model can be applied to examine the areas within the organization, which are non-performing and suggests possible solutions or corrective measures. Besides, the model remains critical in the understanding of the balance between the needs of the organization and that of the actors within the organization. Possible solutions to the organizational problems can be derived from the analysis of the congruence or fits between the system parts of the organization. McKinsey 7S Framework The model argues that the organization consists of seven variables which correlate and interdependent. The variables range from the structures to shared values. Within the continuum are variables such as strategy, skills, systems style and staff. The structure variable is the organizational chart while the strategy is the course of action through which resources are allocated to attain the identified goals or desired outcome. Staff and skill variables are the characteristics and
The participation of a publicly traded company forms an integral role in any world economy. A publicly traded company is that which provided financial and investment security services that may include shares, stocks, bonds and even loans. This economic involvement occurs through the stock exchange process, aided by the participation of willing investors and shareholders. The financial reports of such companies are governed by the Securities Exchange Act. In making reports, the publicly managed companies attract more financial pool, propelled by the acquisition of promising prospects at the time of its initial public offering. One of such publicly traded companies includes the Reinsurance Group of America, which offers a wide range of financial services and products through its market capitalization. (Powers, 2006) The Reinsurance Group of America (RGA) is instrumental in the provision of reinsurance services. It undertakes the process of policy and facultative underwriting, the management of risk, reinsurance product development and other capital oriented reinsurance services. The unique annual consolidated premiums net increase in the RGA captures the attention of every investor. The increase in the net premiums boosted by other options and average investment assets amidst the fluctuating dollar value is a unique fact in the economic point of view. In the management design forward-looking statements that are subjects to risks and uncertainties are used to incorporate future events and actual results in amore proactive manner. The provision of Pareto efficient capital and credit conditions area also vital management design strategy fact in the RGA. In addition to this, the maintenance of appropriate collateral and payment procedures that enable the determination of employees’ allowances and the economic balance between lapsation and claim is also an important design. (Powers, 2006) The management of capital and credit market condition by the RGA forms an interesting and unique fact in the performance and design analysis. The RGA incorporates a unique portfolio balance that ensures the maximization of returns in the long run. This strategy ensures proper risk management and keeps off adverse fluctuations from profit margins. The strategy manages the possible fluctuations due to the fluctuations in the US currency a