ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Effective listening is achieved when a listener understands and interprets information presented. There are many tools used to facilitate effective listening such as open mindedness and empathy. Effective meetings also have tools that facilitate its progression (Nadig, 2008). It is imperative to acknowledge that good project reports, effective listening and effective meeting play major roles in the planning process thus yielding returns. Effective listening tools The process of keeping an open mind during a conversation is an important listening tool. It not only prevents unnecessary interruptions but also gives the speaker a chance to comprehensively air his view. Maintaining an open mind entails calmness till the speaker winds up (Nadig, 2008). In addition, an individual should never deduce concepts in the speaker’s mind until he/she finishes speaking. Given that in planning all views must be considered before coming up with the best approaches, keeping an open mind will give the speaker a chance to satisfactory air his view (Nadig, 2008). This minimizes misinterpretation that could have otherwise occurred. It is notable that setbacks arise when time is wasted listening to views which may not be sensible in the beginning. Another tool is asking for explanation in the event of failure to understand. This is by either requesting the speaker to explain in different words or guessing what he/she is talking about. This minimizes misinterpretations of good ideas by getting the facts presented by the speaker. In addition, the facts will be considered when planning since the best idea is selected based on such facts. Effective meeting tools In order for a meeting, to be effective there must be well crafted agendas for discussion (Billikoph, 2006). This limits the likelihood of the meeting failing to achieve its objective by deviating from the agenda. In addition, it minimizes time wastage by arguing on subjects that are not related to the agenda; by crafting agendas to be discussed, issues affecting planning will be effectively discussed leading to the development of remarkable plans. It is important to examine the meeting especially in terms of effectiveness. In engaging such strategies, areas of weakness will be pointed out and addressed. This is to improve the effectiveness of the meeting (Mind tools, 2010). The areas of weakness can also act as the basis of planning future meetings with the aim of attaining effectiveness. In addition, agendas related to planning will lead to improvements in discussions. Tools for an effective project report In order for a project report, to be effective, communication must be apt. This will ensure delivery of information as par current project progress. In the event, that personnel communicated appropriately when discussing the project then the objectives will be attained (Baker, 2009). Poor planning may be as a result of ineffective communication as far as project report is concerned. Some projects are divided in different sections with different teams or individuals working on them. It is important to recognize each entity participating in the project during reporting. Any di
Introduction The initial contact of Europeans with North America can to a large extent be credited to the 15th century explorer, Christopher Columbus. He discovered the North American continent and reported his findings to the king and Queen of Spain. His depiction of the land as possessing many riches and habouring a timid people no doubt contributed to the enthusiasm with which future voyages to these lands were made. Over the course of the next four centuries beginning from the 15 th century, many European nations were involved in widespread exploration of The North American continent. These expeditions resulted in significant changes in the local traditions as the new arrivals settled and traded with the natives. This new relationship between the North American natives and the Europeans led to an offsetting of the balance that had once existed among the people with far reaching consequences over the years. Brown and Sides note that this contact which began amicably as a trade relationship ended up with the destruction of the once powerful tribes of the Pequot, Narragansett, Mohicans and many other Native Northern American Tribes (1). Monumental changes occurred to the lives of the First nations of Canada as a result of their contact with Europeans. This paper shall set out to give a detailed description of the significant changes that arose as a result of this contact. This paper shall also investigate the means by which the traditions and cultures of the First Nations managed to survive despite the assault on them by the Europeans. The significance of a lack of writing traditions by the First Nations to the preservation of their history shall also be explored. It is hoped that this discussions shall lead to a greater understanding of the First Nations people and especially the significance of their encounter with the Europeans. First Nations Encounter with Europeans The Ojibway Historic Organization notes that the Ojibway and Lakota people are a part of a large linguistically related group of Native Americans and First Nation people who are collectively referred to as the “Algonquin” which loosely translates to “Family” (Ojibway Organization). These natives occupied the parts of Canada extending from Saskatchewan to Southern Ontario. The land was viewed by the First Nations as a gift form the Great Spirit and as such, the land belonged to every member of the tribe. The native inhabitants of the Northern American land came to be called “Indians” mostly as a result of the misclassification by the Spanish explorer, Christopher Columbus on his discovery of the New World. The first Europeans to venture into the land of the Ojibway were the French explorers and missionaries. Schell documents that the French explorers and missionaries were the only Europeans acquainted with the wild regions of North America as many considered the land too wild and dreary at all seasons to be made a permanent home
Despite the opposition from people who deny the existence of climate change, its effects are becoming apparent. More frequent and intense hurricanes, increase in the overall temperature of Earth, and subsequent changes in climate in various parts of the world have a number of negative consequences for humanity. Aside from directly visible effects such as weather changes, climate change is responsible for a number of more subtle but significant effects, such as the negative effects on agriculture, poverty, and children from developing countries. This paper will examine the issue of global warming, two possible solutions to it, its effect on the UAE and what I as an individual can do to affect it. Background Information Since the early 1990s, the annual mean temperature of the Earth has been growing. Times of great conflict such as World War II brought significant spikes in temperature, but since the 1970s the temperature only increased, with an annual average of 0.99 C being recorded in 2016 (Figure 1). Climate change is caused by a variety of factors. One such factor is the greenhouse effect that causes the atmosphere of the planet to become warmer due to absorption and subsequent release of infrared light by gases. Human-created pollutants are also a factor, especially the creation of CO2 emissions and aerosols into the atmosphere. Figure 1. Annual average temperature (Change, 2017). In recent years the effects of hurricanes, forest fires, and other natural disasters have become more intense, and a variety of research is focused on the cause of this change. Climate change is seen as one of the primary causes due to the way that warmer temperatures affect hurricanes and other wind-related disasters (Holland & Bruyère, 2014; Launder & Emanuel, 2015). The
Introduction Globalization greatly affects both domestic and international politics. There exist different views and ideas on the effects of this complex multifaceted concept on politics. The cross-border economic and technological activities instigated by international relations have resulted into political changes in international politics. Globalization has created an environment for economic interaction among different states of the world. It has resulted into freer movement of goods, finances, and ideas across the different corners of the globe. Economists view globalization as a platform for equal economic growth in the world as it encourages fair distribution of resources. Political leaders, especially in the poor countries, oppose globalization on the grounds of preserving the national sovereignty of their states. In social perspective, globalization is a phenomenon for enhancement of world social integration. For realists in general, globalization provides an opportunity for powerful nations to exploit the less powerful and poorest countries. In addition, politicians (in poor countries) view the phenomenon as the great perpetuator of hegemony in the world. Neoliberals and the proponents of globalization argue that, globalization is the means to liberalization of the new world order. Other scholars treat
Many organizations seek to set up and manage successful programs. The main focus is to ensure that the management puts everything into context. The paper would address the issue concerning the impact of the early and the front-end of Project Portfolio Management. At the onset of any successful project or program, there is intense planning. The management tries all the means available to provide solutions (Poskela & Martinsuo 2009). The management needs to select the correct projects and ensure that there is a priority in the operations. One of the important procedures of Portfolio management success is the early and front end part (Heising 2012). People collect and forward ideas to the relevant authority. The ideas become the project proposals. It is the Ideation Portfolio Management (Patanakul & Milosevic 2009). Potential Impact The success of Project Portfolio Management relies on the initial planning and the commitment to the endeavours of the vision bearers (Heising 2012). If the generation of ideas happens in a planned and systematic manner, it can generate positive growth. It is a stage that requires a lot of money because of the research activities (Poskela & Martinsuo 2009). The organizers need to realize that the ideation portfolio management comprises of five dimensions (Patanakul & Milosevic 2009). The first one is the strategic positioning of ideation. The top management must lay the foundation by inculcating the ideas into the vision of the program and the organization. Once it becomes part of the vision, it changes the structure of work in the entire system. Others include the institutionalization of ideation and the mechanisms for integration. The integration part involves making the ideas become part of the core values of the organization. The organization may have to change course. Taking a new direction means the work environment would need some adjustments. It is also important to manage stakeholders’ needs (Jonas, 2010). Every organization exists in an environment where there are perceived and actual needs. The shareholders expect growth in their investment and payment of dividends (Patanakul & Milosevic 2009). The community offers employment and requires the organization to engage in corporate social responsibility (Archer & Ghasemzadeh 1999). The ideation project management makes it a reality for all stakeholders to realize their potential and expectations. The ideation culture relates to the transformation of culture so that there is a quick adoption of the new system. There is a new way of relaying information and getting feedback. A new structure comes into force, and everyone has to adhere to it (Jonas 2010). The front-end concept allows everyone to participate in the idea generation, selection and adoption (Poskela & Martinsuo 2009). But if there is good management of the concept through training and involvement, there would be a reduction in the kind of conflict that might occur (Archer & Ghasemzadeh 1999). The prescreening of the ideas enables the decision-makers to evaluate the organization’s position and make plans for future engagements. The evaluation involves the economic return, t
Overview Since the early 1950s, court interpretations and legislations have been sought to establish some form of privileged status regarding the psychotherapeutic communications and the medical records/data in general. Subsequently, in 1996, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled in Jaffee v Redmond HIPAA case that the psychotherapeutic communications should be privileged in any federal court. Moreover, the medical privacy rule underlying the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) allows the US Department of Health and Human Services to give both the patients’ medical records and psychotherapeutic notes the necessary confidentiality protections as outlined in the legislations (Mosher & Swire, 2002, p. 575). Further, due to the underlying risk that different people may interpret these legislations in different ways or that these legislations may be in direct or indirect conflict with the existing Ethics Code for psychologists, this article seeks to discuss the ethical and legal implications of the Jaffee v Redmond HIPAA case. Legal implications In the early 1990s, many federal courts in almost 50 States sought to establish federal privilege regarding the psychotherapeutic communications except that they had not reached a decisive conclusion. However, through the Jaffee v Redmond case, the US Supreme Court established an absolute privilege as opposed to a qualified privilege, which in this regard excludes case-by-case considerations seeking to factor in the impact of any evidence protected by the federal privilege in court proceedings. As a result, the ruling implies that the privilege established in the psychotherapist-patient communications should be very reliable and unambiguous to maintain confidence and trust in the psychotherapist-patient relationship (Mosher & Swire, 2002, p. 576). Furthermore, the Jaffee v Redmond case promotes confidential psychotherapy, which has been overlooked by the society for many years. Here, it is worth noting that many federal courts pursue certain truths in different cases by examining any possible piece of evidence that tends to overlook the need to maintain and protect confidential treatment relationships. Therefore, this case is a first step toward expressing the paramount need for other legal considerations that compel psychotherapists and other health practitioners to disclose damaging information provided by patients to give way to the ideals of confidential psychotherapy as outlined in the Ethics Code (American Psychological Association, 2011). On the other hand, the foregoing significance of the case notwithstanding, it is equally important to take note that the legal privilege in Jaffee v Redmond does not include psychotherapeutic communications made under private arrangements. For instance, with regard to insurance contracts, the psychotherapist can seek the patient’s consent to disclosure regardless of the underlying federal privilege
Introduction Conflicts are inevitable in our day to day lives. A conflict can be defined as a disagreement between or among parties. The parties perceive the conflict to be a threat to their interests, needs and concerns. Conflicts can occur in different contexts for instance at home, in an organization, within a country or across borders. It is, therefore, important for all the parties involved to take necessary measures aimed at dealing with the conflict. The South China Sea conflict is an issue that has drawn a lot of concern and debate among different parties. The issue is believed to be a probable hot-spot of conflict in South East Asia in the near future due to lack of ways of finding a solution to the situation soon. 1 This piece of work gives a critical analysis of the situation in South China Sea. Much emphasis will be given to aspects such as the history of tensions in South China Sea, the territorial authority in the area, the desire of surrounding countries, the relation changes between those countries over the years, the source of this conflict, and the reaction from each nations/UN/third parties. The possibility of war occurring in South China Sea will also be analyzed as well as military conditions of the involved nations and their diplomatic strategies and how this would influence war. History of tensions in South China Sea and the source of this conflict South China Sea is an area that has been faced with conflict over a relatively long period of time. Geographically, the sea is bordered by a number of countries including the People’s Republic of China (Hong Kong and Macau), the Philippines, Taiwan, Brunei, Singapore, Malaysia, the Republic of China (Taiwan), Vietnam and Indonesia. 2 The South China Sea is a region that is well known for the conflict that has surrounded it for quite some time. It is ranked as one of the world’s busiest waterways and one of the most disputed. 3 The South China Sea is well equipped with reefs, islets and a considerable number of islands (more than 200). All these are claimed by a majority of countries that surround it. The countries include Brunei, Vietnam, Tai
We live in an information age. The world’s reward system operates pragmatically. People get job rewards based on their economic value to organizations. As firms get more competitive in an information age, automation becomes the alternative for cutting costs. Every day, more graduate positions in industries are getting lost. Newer positions appear that require a higher level of education qualification. However, the new job positions do not necessary pay more than the graduate posts, which they replace. The return on investment for a four-year college degree is very low or sometimes, absent. Forgoing college to pursue learning on the job or getting a shorter program is a cheap and rational option. Why A Four-Year College Degree is Not Worthwhile The success rate of a job-seeking college graduate depends on their human relationship skill and societal status. When the person lacks inherent abilities to acquire knowledge through learning and training, in college and on the job, he or she has little use of a four-year degree (Greenberg, Weinstein and Sweeney 13). A well-networked individual with the right amount of wealth to support his or her job-seeking endeavors is more likely to get a job compared to a college graduate with honors, but without the necessary network. On the other hand, having a college degree kills the entrepreneurial spirit of most people and renders them poorly equipped to navigate the tough waters to a successful career. When you get a job because of your college degree, but lack the necessary drive and skill to maneuver the professional landscape, it is likely that you will remain in the same job for a very long time. People need life skills like relationship building, marketing and networking more than they need a four-year college degree qualification. The degree ties a person to the need of getting a relevant job in the particular field of study. It serves a person well when there are many jobs in an industry. In such a case, the degree would be an investment. However, the lack of jobs, in particular,
Introduction Organizational behavior involves studies of interpersonal management process, dynamics of an organization and behavior that contribute to success of an organization (Wright, 1997). The outward picture that a company demonstrates is contributed much to by individual’s behavior in any organization. Therefore, it is very important to nurture excellent behavioral practices that can lead to success of the organization. Influence of traditional Disciplines on Organizational Behavior Sociology Study of social facet of individuals in an organization does help in improving the organization through shaping of behavior and traits of individuals (Edmonds and Glaser, 2010). Having the social esteem of employees reshaped or shaped would help create a good relationship amongst individuals in an institution. Understanding of norms, team dynamics, status and roles of individual in the organization occurs through social studies. Psychology On psychological grounds, it is believed that breaking the rule a bit might as well lead to an organization achieving great milestones of success (Norman, James & Nancy, 2010). Having a positive mindset is one concept that explains the marvelous growth of different organizations. Positive psychology that relates to swift growth should be able to match the current rate of growth
I agree that the field of telemedicine has great potential to improve in the future years. It is specifically relevant to consider telemedicine as the primary choice of treatment during the pandemic. The setting of self-quarantine restricts the usual format of doctor visits to protect both patients and clinicians from Covid-19 exposure. Virtual care is a logical answer to how to limit virus exposure while still providing high-quality medical services to patients. According to Hollander and Carr (2020), telemedicine is frequently used to examine the early symptoms of Covid-19. In this way, the remote medical assessments lessen the chances of contamination in a hospital because the potential virus carrier is not physically present in the community. I also believe that telemedicine has its weakness in the strong reliance on technology. We have to trust computers to deliver good video and audio quality because these elements are what the correct diagnosis and treatment indirectly rely on. However, Haxhihamza et al. (2020) suggest that, although telemedicine’s reliance on technology might impact the delivery of health services, it is one of the few ways for health care providers during the pandemic setting. Therefore, telemedicine can become a central method of medical care delivery on the condition that the technology it relies on is being constantly improved. Telemedicine can provide health care to places that are located in isolation from any medical services support. It is known that urban citizens receive health care of a higher quality than people living in rural areas (Khairat et al., 2018). Researchers found that virtual urgent care helped rural citizens to gain access to better medical care (Khairat et al., 2018). Therefore, telemedicine can help physicians tackle the issue of inequity between health care provided to rural and urban areas.
Tatum & Eberlin (2008) wrote an article titled “The Relationship between Organizational Justice and Conflict Style.” The main purpose of the article is to examine the relationships that exist between organizational justice and the concept of conflict management. To address the purpose of this study, the researchers have clearly designed the study question about whether there is theoretical evidence of the correlation between the two variables and the degree to which this relationship influences the nature of organizational conflict resolution mechanisms (Tatum & Eberlin, 2008). In their study, the authors extensively undertook a literature review of the concept of organizational justice within the context of organizational setting. Although abundant studies were conducted on the theory of organizational justice, little research has emphasized the interdependence between the two variables. The methodological approach follows a theoretical model. Therefore, the research would require substantive empirical evidence in a bid to confirm its findings (Tatum & Eberlin, 2008). However, the critical analyses of the previous studies demonstrate a potential statistica