ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract Though some businesses have thrived in the 21st century without creating business strategies or innovating, for the proposed study, the author asserts that many have taken a beating, and the fiscal crises that have continued to strike many business sectors increase the odds that the effects of the existing recession will be felt over the long term. The effects of globalization have tasked management by identifying the best strategies to address the reducing share markets. The use of technology and information or simply information technology to advance business operations has emerged as the best option. As such, the author adapts from the above framework and asserts that the study will aim to study how information technology has been at the forefront of supporting and proactively enabling the establishment of business strategy in the Nigerian telecom industry and recommend measures that can be utilized by service providers to tap on this. The proposed study will address the following key aspects: The introductory section will set the paper’s context by articulating the paper’s proposed objectives, research questions, problem statement, and the justification for undertaking this topic at a dissertation level. The proposal’s main section (the literature review) identifies the key concepts that have been advanced by previous and current scholars on the topic, albeit in brief. In the succeeding section, the author proposes and mentions details of the pertinent issues used in the collection and analysis of the collected data. To conclude, the author reflected on the ethical issues. The Introductory section Proposed Objectives The following proposed objectives were derived from the study’s proposed aim General Objective To demonstrate that IT plays vital roles that aid in establishing competitive advantages in the Nigerian Telecom Sector. Specific Objectives   * To identify barriers and challenges experienced when adopting or implementing IT-oriented strategies in the Nigerian Telecom sector.   * To clearly state the reasons why it is significant and justified to use the rapid advancements in IT to establish competitive strategies in the Nigerian Telecommunication Sector.   * To review some of the rapid or dynamic technological advancements that have taken place with regard to the telecom sector.   * To clearly explain the roles that IT has effected in enabling the establishment of competitive strategies in the Nigerian telecom sector.   * To examine the measures that can be adopted and implemented by mobile phone service providers in Nigeria to improve on their adoption of IT for competitive advantage. Research Questions The following research questions were derived from the study’s proposed aim and objectives statements;   * What
About the Disorder Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is considered to be one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders. ASD is characterized by impairments in social interactions and reciprocal communication. Additionally, ASD can involve restricted repetitive activities, interests and behaviors (Campisi et al., 2018). Affecting all races, ethnicities and socioeconomic groups, ASD necessitate certain levels of support and, in some case, continuous care. Signs and Symptoms ASD patient tend to differ significantly but there are core features that give the key signs and symptoms. The features are grouped into two main categories: social communication and restricted repetitive sensory-motor behaviors. There are no reliable biomarkers, which means that behavioral indicators are primarily used to determine signs and symptoms (Lord et al., 2018). However, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) offers a criteria to distinguish both the symptoms and diagnostic issues. Difficulties in communication, pervasive developmental disorder, attention deficit, and such genetic disorders as fragile X syndrome are all used to indicate the presence of ASD. Diagnosis The main diagnostic element for ASD is the evidence of difficulties, either in the present or past, which are different across the age groups. The DSM-5 offers several diagnostic criteria for ASD where the min focus is on such aspects as cognitive functioning, sensory symptoms, and autistic impairments (Duvekot et al., 2016). Other predictive behaviors may also be used in the diagnosis of ASD. Patient Population ASD affects all populations regardless of race, gender, sex, and socioeconomic status. In other words, ASD can be found in children, adolescents, and adults. Even though there may be some environmental risk factors affecting each population differently, studies indicate that 74-93% of ASD is heritable (Lord et al., 2018). It means that if a member of a family suffers from ASD then it is likely that some descendants will suffer from ASD. Globally, recent studies show that an estimated 1% of the population suffers from ASD. In some developed countries, the rates of ASD are higher with an estimated 1.5% of the population being affected. Impact on Child and Family Since ASD affects people across all ages, it can be argued that one of the greatest impact is the inability of the patient to live and work independently. Many ASD patients require constant care, which means other people are also occupied in caring for these patients. Additionally, treating ASD patients can be costly, which means the family expends massive resources to the ASD child (Lord et al., 2018). As for the child patients, inability to adapt to life situations and challenges in socializing may cause psychological issues, including depression. Treatment Options Treatment options for ASD patients are limited across the
Introduction Problem The investigated problem in this research relates to the relationship between polygamy and self-esteem in children. The problem is relevant because the concept of polygamy is popular in modern society. According to the Ethnographic Atlas Codebook, 588 societies exhibit cases of frequent polygamy, while 453 exhibited examples of less frequent polygamy given that 1,231 societies were studied (Al-Krenawi, 2013, p. 2). Apart from countries like Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Egypt, polygamy can also be found in some Mormon communities in Canada and the United States and is becoming increasingly popular across Europe. The choice of polygamy as a suitable type of family organization is grounded on a variety of practical considerations, especially in Muslim communities. Wives in a polygamous family are forced to cooperate in completing chores in the household at the same time while being subjected to the authority of their husband and keeping up with constant competition to win more attention, love, and financial support (Al-Krenawi, 2012, p. 80). Polygamy can become one of the primary reasons for wives getting jealous and competitive and being forced to live within an environment where the emotional resources are distributed unevenly between the members of the family. According to the study conducted by Ware (1979), acrimony can appear among different wives as well as their children (p. 190). Recent studies have also found that polygamous family members are much more prone to psychological distress and issues with self-esteem. Therefore, investigating the problem of how polygamous relationships within families affect the psychological integrity of children is highly important. Furthermore, the majority of research was conducted to investigate the effect of polygamy on wives or husbands rather than children. Because self-esteem has proven to be influenced by parental support and competence relevant to their parents (Killeen, 1993, p. 323), the effect of polygamous family relationships on children’s self-esteem can become a fruitful area for research. Relevant Research Summary The summary of the relevant research topics includes the following terms: polygamy, monogamy, self-esteem, and family cohesion. According to the definition given by Goodwin (1999), polygamy is a relationship between people that implies more than one spouse and can come in a variety of forms (p. 24). This research will focus on the type of polygamous family structure that involves one husband and multiple wives since it is the type that is the most prevalent in Muslim communities. Polygamy is contrary to monogamy, which is defined as the bond of only two partners. The choice of monogamy over polygamy is also dictated by some social and historical factors. As evidenced by the Ethnographical Atlas, out of 1,231 investigated societies, only 186 were monogamous, which makes the concept of polygamy even mor
Introduction Despite the fact that the criminal justice policy is shaped by the bills passed by the Congress (Toch & Maguire, 2014), the significance of public opinion on the subject matter is very high. Since the basic principles of democracy are promoted actively in the modern society, it is only logical that people should assume a more active position in improving the criminal justice policy. The specified effects of public opinion on the criminal justice policy, however, cannot be considered entirely positive. The lack of expertise on the subject matter among most members of the U.S. population is the key reason for concern. Although most people feel intuitively what is right and what is wrong, their concept of justice is still far superficial to constitute a decent basis for the criminal justice policy (Toch & Maguire, 2014). Therefore, the influence, which public opinion has on the issue in question, can be regarded as dubious. However, the introduction of information technology into the everyday life of the U.S. population allows for addressing the issue mentioned above by increasing awareness on topical issues concerning criminal justice. As a result, people have an opportunity to become more educated on the topic; consequently, their opinions on the issue of the criminal justice policy have a chance at becoming more competent Therefore, the disadvantage mentioned above can be viewed as minor given the fact that modern IT tools allow addressing it rather easily. Therefore, the impact of the public opinion on the criminal justice policy adopted in the U.S. can be deemed as high. People shape the law as the society evolves. The phenomenon in question helps update legal policies in accordance with the standards of the 21 st century. Role of Interest Groups in Rehabilitation Policies Success The very concept of rehabilitation groups is admittedly controversial (). Although the idea of providing criminals with a chance to mend their ways and become decent members of the society is rather noble, assuming that they will be able to change radically is rather naïve. Herein the key controversy of the issue lies. At present, the issue of rehabilitation is addressed in the state policies such as the Nonviolent Offender Rehabilitation Act (NORA) deserve to be mentioned. The specified act is aimed at putting the emphasis on rehabilitation of criminals rather than their punishment. In other words, the people, who cannot be viewed as serious offenders, are offered a second chance with the promotion of NORA and are capable of integrating back in the society without resorting to their criminal practices. As far as the key interest groups in relation to the state rehabilitation policies are concerned, organizations such as the National Justice Association ( National Justice Association , 2015) need to be brought up. Organizations such as the one mentioned above contribute to the evolution of the existing
In recent years, numerous organizations have captured public attention for their involvement in spectacular cases of corporate fraud, leading to a multiplicity of negative consequences at every level of society (Mishina et al., 2010). The present paper aims to use the 2002 corporate scandal involving executives of Adelphia Communications Corporation to demonstrate the negative impacts of corporate fraud on individuals, corporations, businesses and the society at large. In 2002, family business owners John Rigas (co-founder and CEO), Michael Rigas (executive vice president for operations) and Timothy Rigas (chief financial officer) were accused of defrauding Adelphia in excess of $ 2.5 billion by engaging in a variety of conspiracies involving securities fraud, wire fraud and bank fraud. In summary, the Rigas were accused of violating the RICO Act, breach of fiduciary duties, waste of corporate assets, abuse of financial control mechanisms, breach of contract, unjust self enrichment, and fraudulent conversion of corporate assets into private ownership (Diana, 2005). Researchers are in agreement that such illegal activities progressed by the very executives entrusted to safeguard the interests of the firm often result in adverse consequences for the individuals involved, the entity, as well as the society (Mishina et al., 2010). At the individual level, the culprits not only lose their jobs and earnings but also their professional reputation and social standing. In the case scenario, the Rigas were arrested and successfully prosecuted for defrauding the cable company, hence exposed to public shame and ridicule for their involvement. By extension, their ‘successful’ corporate careers were put to an abrupt end. Additionally, these individuals were exposed to immense physical and psychological anguish as they languish in prison. Corporate frauds are also known to negatively impact on the general population in various ways. For instance, there have been instances where taxpayers have been forced to bear the brunt of corporate scandals through taxation (Johnson et al., 2005), and also through increased costs of products and services (Pathak & Wells, 2008). Although the U.S. federal government did not use taxpayers’ money to bail out the cable company as has happened with other companies involved in corporate frauds, it is highly possible that the general public suffered as they put up with inflated costs of services provided by Adelphi. It is also important to note that the shareholders of the company must have been exposed to enormous physical, psychological, financial suffering and loss as they came to terms with the fall in share price and risk of losing their investments
One of the most common types of crimes where defendants are frequently released on bail is massive fraud in a widely known Ponzi scheme process. A Ponzi scheme is a type of investment fraud that requires the investors to attract more new investors, where eventually, the ones who invested earlier are paid from the funds collected from the new investors. The first case upon consideration is Bernie Madoff, the former NASDAQ chairman, and the scandal widely known for being one of the biggest bails in history. Madoff was accused of defrauding thousands of people of more than $50 billion over the course of almost 20 years. Madoff encouraged the individuals to invest in his company for high returns. It was found later that a significant part of the investments was transferred to his private banking account, and investors were paid with funds from new investors (U.S. Department of Justice, 2020). Madoff posted a $10 million bail and remained on house arrest for 24 hours. Considering the damage from Madoff’s crime and his overall net worth, the bail was more on the low side. In the recent case of the Ponzi scheme, Joshua Kayode allegedly defrauded 170 people of a sum close to $26 million. Kayode was admitted to bail in the sum of almost $5 million, an amount that is significantly bigger in proportion than Madoff’s bail. The disparity co
The parable of the Sower is a very interesting book which has drawn a lot of attention from different people including readers and writers/authors. It is considered to possess some unique characteristics in many aspects especially structure and presentation of information and ideas. Although it is fictitious, the story is presented in a manner that leaves everyone to take or believe it as if it is a true story. The author, Octavia Butler, brings about the issue of corrupt government depicted by injustice and unfair deals. The parable of the Sower revolves around a young lady by the name, Olamina Lauren. Literature is an interesting field that brings out ideas, to the readers, through various tools. We find that authors not only write their own works but also gain some interests in other people’s work where they provide critics of different perspective. This piece of work looks at the parable of the Sower by Octavia Butler with much emphases being given to secondary literatures that are deemed important in helping us understand the book in a better manner for instance in regard to its background information and what has been said about it. The context in which the book is written will also be discussed to enhance understanding of all the happenings Octavia butler is renowned for her writing. She has accomplished much and written many other novels for instance the Kindred, wild seed as well as the Dawn. Some of her notable achievement is the winning of different awards for instance the Hugo award, the Nebula Award and the prestigious MacArthur Award. The writer died in the year 2006 at the age of 58 years and is fondly remembered to present times. This is because of her realistic nature especially in presentation of social criticism. She is taken as a female representative in this unique genre of fiction (Butler 112). The context in which the parable of the Sower is written and analyzed is very crucial for the purpose of this assignment. The story of the parable of the Sower is presented in a time at a time when America has undergone civilization. Civilization has been associated with various positive things as well as negative aspects with the negative ones being easily identified through the pains and
Consumer responses towards the product are based on distinguish feature and reliability factor. There are several immunity may occur during the selection of Nike sports shoes due to the demographic characteristic of a consumer. Consumer behavior is rational in front of Nike product selection. The basal concept leads towards the customer retention via offering the quality feature product, thus essential part for Nike is to influence the targeted customer. Consumer intention plays a vital role for better analyzing the whole scenario of purchasing Nike sports shoes. Most of the time consumer prefer branded products and pay less attention towards the price issue. An observer can measure the responses of the customer and find the actual information in regard of selection preferences that are based on the brand attachment. Reputed organizations pay worthy attention towards st
NANDA International is “a standardized nursing terminology that researches, develops, and refines the taxonomy of nursing diagnoses” (Udina, 2012, p. 197). This terminology is supported by continued research. It also facilitates the effectiveness of care in different health settings. Healthcare practitioners should use appropriate strategies to implement different terminologies in their practice settings. The important goal is to get the best health outcomes. The targeted practice setting for this exercise is a healthcare center. Different nursing terminologies provide powerful frameworks that can support the best health outcomes. The “role of every nursing terminology is to achieve health promotion for different patients, communities, and groups” (Funnell, Koutoukidis, & Lawrence, 2012, p. 74). Stakeholders and Appropriate Strategic Actions Nurse Practitioners (NPS) Nurses should embrace the best frameworks to help more communities and patients. Nurse Practitioners (NPs) should be ready to plan and implement the above terminology in their healthcare centers. To begin with, NANDA International offers specific domains that can be used to diagnose various health conditions. This fact explains why such domains and diagnoses should be embraced in every nursing practice. NPS should, therefore, use their competencies to implement the use of NANDA nursing terminology (McEwen & Willis, 2014). Nurses should collect the relevant data from their patients. The collected data and information makes it easier for NPs to make accurate diagnoses. This approach should be based on the collected information. Healthcare practitioners should examine the diagnostic categories accepted and presented by the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA). Such NPs should be able “to differentiate between the potential and actual health problem affecting every targeted patient” (Udina, 2012, p. 198). NPS should, therefore, diagnose different diseases accurately. A proper diagnosis will ensure every NP provides quality support to his or her patients. The next stage is planning. Nurses should set the right health goals and priorities. They should also use appropriate nursing interventions to get the best health outcomes (Udina, 2012). The ultimate goal of this terminology is to identify and treat the conditions affecting many patients. Health Leaders NANDA International offers powerful nursing diagnoses that can support the health needs of many patients. These diagnoses have the potential to produce the best health outcomes. However, many health practitioners might not embrace the use of the terminology. This gap can also affect the quality of care available to different patients. Every healthcare institution has several leaders. Such leaders should identify the right procedures, policies, and practices that can produce the best health outcomes. Health leaders should, therefor