ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The Industry of Applied CAD Knowledge The industry in which Applied CAD Knowledge was operating can be classified as a perfectly competitive market. One of the worries that this firm had was an increasingly competitive market environment. This means that there were free entry and exit of firms into the industry, one of the most important characteristics of a perfectly competitive market structure (Pride & Ferrell, 2006). Changes in the Structure of the Industry during The 1980s The structure of this industry was changing in the 1980s, and this was demanding a new approach in managing the market. Several changes were taking place that Applied CAD Knowledge had not anticipated before. One such change was that the industry was embracing globalization. Local firms were finding it appropriate to find new markets overseas. This is shown when AT & T approached Jerry King and requested him to head one of the new branches they had opened in Australia. This means that firms were no longer restricted within a regional market. Applied CAD Knowledge had failed to realize this, while other firms had already given it serious consideration. This change was responsible for Jeff Stevens’ problem to a great extent. Being the president of this firm, it was clear to him that the firm did not have the right skilled labor that would help it affect the change as was desirable. The local market was becoming competitive and the sales were dropping (Allison, 2013). This was not something he had encountered before. He was used to a market that was ready to receive their products without much ado because of the monopoly they enjoyed. This was no longer the case. He was worried that if the firm was not able to change fol
What, in your opinion, are some of the most notable governmental policies that have fostered the idea of equality in the United States. Explain. Policies are plans of actions that are suggested and agreed upon in order to address and resolve different problems and issues. In the US, the government has put a lot of effort in its fight for equality for all its citizens. In my opinion, some of the most notable policies that foster equality are as follows. The government has come up with policies to women against any form of discrimination. These policies have achieved this by putting in place laws that ensure that the women get equal opportunities in terms of salaries, job opportunities, and the right to own and inherit property. Not only has this resulted in women earning more, but it has also led to female empowerment, thus enabling women to play a more pivotal role in society. Another recognizable effort employed to curb inequality is the affirmative action plan, which guards against discrimination on bases of color, race, sex, and age, and disabilities. The policies provide guidelines that should be used to enforce equality in school, work, and other social settings despite the differences that the people have. In addition to this, the government has put in place policies in the health care systems in the US. If implemented, these policies will ensure that every citizen receives the best in health care despite their financial and social disparities. The government is working on a plan to introduce Medicare for all its citizens. This move will further aid in the quest to end discrimination in hospitals, which often arise due to high medical costs, lack of insurance covers, and inadequate facilities in most hospitals. Analyze the following scenario: Officer Steven Connerly has been accused by several Taylor County Jail inmates of using excessive force in restraint of prisoners while escorting them to and from the courthouse. The warden of the jail sent Officer Connerly to a class to learn about the use of new security devices and restraint techniques. Six months later, complaints were still coming in. From this scenario, it is clear that there the law enforcer, Mr. Connerly, does not respect the rights of the inmates. This is evident from the excessive force he allegedly uses while handling them. The correctional system functions in an efficient manner, as can be alluded by the actions taken by the jail warden on the reception of the report of Mr. Connerly’s actions. The response taken by the warden indicates that his office respects and response to complaints forwarded. This is the model behavior that should be emulated by all public offices. However, the reformation class taken by Officer Connerly fails to have an impact on his work, and he allegedly continues to hand
There are some similarities between the biblical view and the human ethical standards. For example, proverbs 31:8-9 encourage people to speak up for those who cannot speak for themselves and defend the poor. Equally, human service professionals seek to eliminate any oppression and advocate for justice for underserved groups (Barrett, 2019). The professionals work with different communities and families struggling to meet basic needs by improving their life quality. Proverbs 19:17 says that any person who pities the poor lends to the Lord and pays back what they give to God. Likewise, whenever a human service professional offers their service to the people needing it the most, they get compensated for work well done through wages (“Must-know ethical standards,” 2016). 1 John 3:17 urges Christians to love others with their actions and not just speech. Professionals are expected to stand up for what is right, eliminate any oppression, and treat everyone equally. The Bible and ethical standards have different views too. As opposed to what God orders, in Romans 13:1 for people to be subject to the governing authority, professionals in human service are supposed to stand up for what is right, whether that means that they should oppose the government or any other authorities (“Must-know ethical standards,” 2016). Most human service workers serve different people from all walks of life regardless of their religion and gender. On the other hand, in Romans 12:11-13, the Bible asks Christians to share with their fellow Christians, who are the Lord’s people that are in need. The Bible in 1 John 3:17 urges Christians to pity people in need, and in return, God will love them. In contrast, service workers are only supposed to play their role by helping the less fortunate improve their lives without any promise of being loved back (Chron Contributor, 2020). Human service workers provide their services to different people in the society, the less fortunate, regardless of whether they are widowed, orphans, or not. Contrary, Christians are supposed to visit the orphans and the widows that are in trouble to show pure and undefiled religion.
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused many severe damages to people’s lives. It affected all aspects of existence: medicine, economics, and politics. Without any doubt, it also influenced sports and practically all kinds of physical facilities as fitness centers, gyms, and sport clubs were closed. Therefore, many people are not able to actively engage outside of their homes in their regular group or individual sporting or physical activities. Even after most of the facilities were open, attending them would still bear a serious risk, as well as the fact that people have to maintain social distancing regulations and train in masks making it quite uncomfortable. Currently, people are facing a new reality and new rules of life that they need to accept but it is important that fitness enthusiasts find a way to stay physically active even in these given circumstances. The World Health Organization recommends about two and a half hours of reasonable exercise, or about an hour and a half of hard training a week. However, people have found ways to stay active, healthy, and be in good shape under these circumstances as there are always limitless opportunities for practicing at home, online, or outside, taking the required precautions. Life in lockdown has been difficult because people need to stay healthy, while still remaining safe and adhering to the new rules. During the self-isolation period, the population became used to a sedentary lifestyle with little physical activity and practically no exercise. It has been hard even for professional sportsmen who had to modify their training programs so they could exercise at home. For the population at risk, doctors advise to use home equipment for sports, such as treadmills, elliptical machines, and stationary bikes. Today, it is not hard to find guides for training at home; any person can access the Internet and find advice for activities that would be comfortable. There are ways for online training with a real coach that would develop an individual program for exercising and would help one to stay in good shape. There are even professional athletes who give instructions to people on how to stay physically active during the lockdown. Some of the experts manage to demonstrate different exercises that could be done at home, others give guidelines for a healthy diet. Today, it is possible to buy all the necessary equipment for training at home. Even ordinary exercises that everyone can do without special fitness machines are useful. Everybody can make squats, side bends, jumps, press-ups, and many other basic elements of gymnastics. For those people, who cannot do heavier exercise, doctors suggest having regular walks. Moreover, it is usual practice now to go to the backyard and thro
A team comprises of people who come together with the aim of reaching a common goal. For a team to be successful in its mission there are various issues that have to be addressed at the onset of the mission. A team brings together people from various departments in an organization. Besides, they each have unique abilities and skills which must be utilized for the benefit of the organization. This paper focuses on the fundamentals of raising successful teams. A team leader should consider explaining the mission of the team to the members because if he/she assumes that they understand it, he/she will be surprised later on because people understand things differently and this can hinder the success of the whole team. The main objective in team building is to create a setting where the members embrace each other regardless of their diversity in skills and abilities. Members should have a strong bondage with each other because this is what keeps the group intact. If they do not accept each other it will be very difficult for the group to carry out tasks that require collective responsibility. Furthermore, if they have personal issues with each other they will not perform effectively. This is because some will think their efforts will benefit their rivals. In team building personal issues must be put aside for the purpose of accomplishing the mission ahead. This means team members have to develop friendship for the sake of the organization and if they wish to go back to previous enmity they can do so after they are through with the team. At times the organization’s administrative unit becomes a stumbling block to the efficiency of the team. They do this by undermining the ideas brought forth by team members. This includes declining to approve the suggestions presented to them by the team, which in return discourages the team members from making any suggestions at any given time. The only way that team members can be motivated into coming up with new ideas is by implementing those that they have already forwarded. This will create an impression that the administrators appreciate the efforts of their teams. When a team is being developed there are five approaches that can be applied. The first approach is called interpersonal approach and it entails establishing relationships among team members. This is accomplished by making them mingle and engage in personal conversations. The conversations here are intended to help them understand each other. At times the mingling will help them identify each others strengths and weaknesses. This will make them develop strong linkages with the group hence they will feel like they are one family. The second approach is based on the functions and norms of members. In this approach members are assigned to various duties and are formally briefed about what is expected of them. The roles can be allocated according to personal skills and experience and they are distributed in way such that the efficiency of the team is dependent on how every individual performs their tasks. The third approach entails having a common awareness in the team, but this does
Grineski SE, Morales DX, Collins TW, Rubio R. Transitional dynamics of household food insecurity impact children’s developmental outcomes. J. Dev. Behav. Pediatr . 2018; 39(9):715-722. Web. The quantitative survey studied the effect of transitional facets of family food insecurity on children’s development using a longitudinal study on early childhood. Grineski et al. found that deep food insecurity risked a child’s working memory and self-control while marginal shortage influenced interpersonal skills. Authors also report that persisting (0.071, p<.05) and emerging (0.146, p<.01) food shortages were detrimental to externalizing behaviors among children. Grineski et al. argued that Kindergarten is a crucial stage in socioemotional development and requires the most stable environment, including food. Lack of enough food impacts stress on children to prevent proper adaptation to the surrounding with adverse developmental outcomes. Grineski et al. results resonate with the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics [AND] position through empirical data exposing the danger of food insecurity on child development. The article provides the role of different types of food shortage and shows their relationship with children health needs. Such data is essential to establish why food access is not a choice but a necessity for population health. Kenney EL, Barrett JL, Bleich SN, Ward ZJ, Cradock AL, Gortmaker SL. Impact of the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act on obesity trends: Study examines impact of the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 on childhood obesity trends. Health Aff . 2020; (7):1122-9. Web. Kenney et al. tested the effectiveness of The Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010, which increased funding for child nutrition and school meal programs to enhance access to nutritional food among children from low socioeconomic status families. Outcomes showed that the program prevented obesity prevalence by 47% within 15 years of its implementation. In addition, the risk of obesity among students from low-income families vulnerable to the illness declined by around 9% per annum. Kenney et al. associated the improvement in danger to health with adjustment in diet. The researchers concluded the effectiveness of meal programs in managing nutrition-related illness following increased access. The source echoes the AND stand by demonstrating that food access programs are operative preventive measures for chronic disease among children. Kenney et al. provide statistics to show the contribution of food access intervention in managing health such as obesity to support the idea of government involvement. The information is vital
Introduction The article is written by Peter Crosta and is about tuberculosis. It gives information about the causes of tuberculosis and how the disease can be prevented. The article also explores various ways through which the disease can be treated. The article was first written in the year 2009 but was later updated on 12th December this year. Tuberculosis, commonly referred to as TB, is a condition that is caused by bacteria. The name of the bacterium causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium Tuberculosis . The disease mainly affects the lungs. Patients suffering from tuberculosis experience chest pain and persistent coughs. If not treated in its early stages, tuberculosis can cause pneumonia. The disease is rampant in Africa and Asia. Research has shown that people suffering from HIV/AIDS are at a higher risk of contracting the disease. The disease spreads through the air when a person infected with tuberculosis coughs or sneezes (Crosta 2013). The symptoms of the disease include fever, fatigue, lack of appetite, a cough lasting for more than 2 weeks and weight loss. The disease can be tested in most health care centers around the world. There are two types of tests that can be used to detect Mycobacterium Tuberculosis . The blood test is a widely used test used to detect tuberculosis compared to the skin test which does not give instant results. Treatment The treatment administered on patients suffering from tuberculosis depends on whether the patient is suffering from active tuberculosis or latent tuberculosis. Latent tuberculosis can be treated by administering a drug by the name Isoniazid (INH). This drug is an antibiotic that is usually administered for 6-12 months on a patient. Research has shown that Isoniazid (INH) can have dire effects on pregnant women and doctors have since discouraged the use of the drug by pregnant women (Crosta 2013). Doctors use Isoniazid (INH) together with a combination of other recommended drugs to treat active tuberculosis. They include Streptomycin, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide and Ethambutol. There have been reports that some patients are becoming drug-resistant to the drugs used to treat tuberculosis. This has prompted medical practitioners to use a combination of drugs other than the four that are usually used. Doctors have in the past used surgery to remove damaged tissue among their patients. Patients need to complete their medication. Research has shown that most patients stop taking tuberculosis drugs after feeling better. Patients need to complete their medication so that the bacterium causing tuberculosis can be eliminated completely. Tuberculosis can be prevented by eating a balanced diet that will boost a person’s immune system. It is also important to be tested for tuberculosis regularly in case a person is living in a region that is considered risky. Tuberculosis is more prevalent in Africa and Asia. According to the article, in the year 2007 research conducted showed that over 100,000 people are infected with tuberculosis every year in each country (Crosta 2013). Conclusion The article offers important information abou
Introduction Cultural narratives are as diverse as people all around the world. Same ideas and inclinations can receive drastically different connotations. What in some societies may be seen as appropriate and expected, in others can be interpreted as completely alien and out of place. This is especially true of the Western cultural narratives, which do not hold universal appeal to everyone. Understanding the premises of Western societies is essential in ascertaining which people do not fit these narratives. The Concept of Current Western Cultural Narrative Before delving into the specifics of the common Western themes, it is important to understand what is meant by a cultural narrative in the first place. Initially, a narrative is a story told in a certain manner by an individual or a group of people (Sarkar and Kotler). Considering the effect storytelling has on people, it should be evident that they are easily influenced by collective ideas born within fiction. The more individuals are involved in the distribution of such stories, the larger societies they form. At some point, the combination of narratives and their conveyors creates a culture. Therefore, a cultural narrative is a set of beliefs, ideas, and stories, which constitute a particular society. Contemporary cultural narratives of the Western world are well-known. For instance, the United States follows a set of ideas known as the American Dream. It is the central cultural narrative on which the foundation of the American society is built (Sarkar and Kotler). Generally, it means living a free life with extensive opportunities for success and prosperity. Recently, another narrative was propagated by Donald Trump, which is “Make America Great Again” (Sarkar and Kotler). It builds upon the American fear of being oppressed and losing power. Overall, the cultural narratives of Western societies attract people who value their freedom, status, and wealth. Fitting Criteria When the matter of the Western culture is concerned, certain defining characteristics are usually addressed. A well-known classification by Hofstede distinguishes these societies as highly individualistic. Moreover, Lim argues that excessive emphasis on the interests of an individual leads to high emotional arousal, such as excitement, enthusiasm, delight, and other feelings, which cause a heightened state of senses (106). This is why American orators rely on emotions to connect with the audiences. Western people are drawn to stories of success about individuals with larger-than-life personalities and inhibited expression of feelings. Therefore, the more a person values emotional expression, the better they fit the Western societies. Another important cultural trait is related to influence and control. While almost every society has domineering per
Introduction The film 12 Angry Men is without a doubt one of the most critically acclaimed movies of the 20th century and a classic example of American cinematography. The primary topic of the film—the influence of racial prejudice on decision-making in the courtroom—remains highly relevant even though more than fifty years have passed since its release. It should also be noted that numerous critics have provided their perceptions of 12 Angry Man , and thus, it is possible to state that much has been said or written about the subject. This review aims to discuss the principal artistic aspects of the movie that have a considerable impact on any profound interpretation of the film. Overview of the Plot This brief description of the plot of the movie is intended to provide the proper context for discussion. To begin the discussion, it is important to set the scene for the film: 12 Angry Men is a chamber drama that is explored to the maximum of its potential. Excluding the briefly depicted setup and epilogue, the entire movie takes place in one room. Twelve jurors are arguing over imposing the death sentence on a boy accused of murdering his father (Guo et al. 318). At first, the decision seems plain and obvious to everyone: the boy is guilty. However, one man among the jurors doubts the simplicity of this decision: Juror #8, played by Henry Fonda. At the beginning of the film, he is the only one who votes in favor of the accused boy’s innocence. A dispute begins over this decision, and as the discussion continues, the situation creates a high level of tension. Finally, after coming through discussions, debates, accusations, uncertainty, and stress, the jurors unanimously vote in support of the boy’s innocence. However, the movie leaves its audience with an open-ended feeling since it is not made explicit whether the boy has done the crime. With this context set, the following sections will dwell upon more particular themes and motives presented in the film. Analysis of the Principal Aspects of the Movie One of the principal aspects, significantly contributing to a better understanding of 12 Angry Men , is the fact that the source for the script was a television play written by Reginald Rose (Raw 2). Thus, considering this context, it is not surprising that the film has such a claustrophobic narrative—the characters were initially intended to act within the constraints of the limited space of the stage. However, it is also evident that the director of 12 Angry Men , Sidney Lumet (it is also worth mentioning that this film marked his debut in cinematography), puts the characters of his movie into one little room, using the restricted space to create an extremely high level of tension ( 12 Angry Men ). The jurors are trapped in a small and stifling room on a hot and sult