ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction This paper analyzes nature of mankind and animals are closer to one another. However, due to his pride, mankind dominant attitude has ruined biodiversity in ecosystem. There are two significant features that have influenced humankind interaction in the sphere of bio-diversity. First, human beings perceive that they dominate in terms of rationality. Despite the fact that human beings have high intellection, they engage continuously in ecological destruction. Also, human being has contributed to extinction and ecological disentanglement in the biosphere. Secondly, humankind has underrated the intellectual being of animal life. In my opinion, this is unimpressive notion because animals also use intellection to direct their movement. Animals are sentient beings just like human beings. Nevertheless, mankind has to acknowledge that they share natural world with other creatures of amazing adoptability. Indeed, it is clear that living plants has no intellection, but animals have intellect and this should not be disputed by human being. I think that intellectual complexity of human being is biased to an extent of exploiting other equally important living organisms (animals). Indeed, abuse of biosphere and downgrading of animals’ intellection originates from pro-self-rule system that mankind has perceived. Moreover, human beings perceive that they are more superior to animal and other creatures in the world. Actually, belittling of animals’ intellect is associated with the human attitude of exploiting natural environment. Besides, mankind perceives animals as principal discourse for practical experimentations. Thus, animals are used as objects for experimentation. I oppose this notion because animals have inherent values hence should not be seen as mere objects. Mankind has raised different opinion about existence of animals’ emotional life. There has been an inquiry regarding whether animals can perceive emotions or not. Actually, animals perceive emotions just like human being do. Moreover, this can be proven because animals normally perceive emotions such as fear, enjoyment, humiliation, resentment, irritation, pleasure, and hopelessness. Indeed, emotions are just psychological experience which assists behavioral control and organization of living organisms. Emotions are vital to human being and animals. Animals therefore have to be treated with dignity just like human beings. The invention of hard science in 1800s such as chemistry and physics has belittled studies of animal feelings and intellection. Such technological invention has influenced human being to perceive animals are just like automatons; accustomed to act mechanically in response to stimuli. In addition, hard science perceived animals as acting like machinery. I opine this should not the case. Nevertheless, not every person admits that an
Poverty solution in Australia is presumed to be a contagious political issue. This is due to the kind of leadership style adopted by the leaders. According to the statistics gathered over the last five years, a big population almost a half of the Australian residents strive from hunger hence forcing the government to look for other alternative means of feeding its robust population. When Australia as nation is affected by hunger, other partnering countries or states Like the United States of America also suffer. The issue of poverty began some years back when people started scrambling for leadership in both the colonial and pre-colonial period. Before the colonists set foot in Australia and some parts of Western Africa, there was a big cultural difference among various communities. Actually, cultures stated clashing back in the colonial period when both Australia and West Africans were forced into adoption of new cultures that are presumed to have been those of the colonists (Crettaz, 2011). Countries, which were under the same colonial power, seemed to share some of the cultural footprints left by their colonial masters. The current Australia and West Africa were under one colonial power and this made them adopt all the European cultures that were imposed to them. Actually, it was very difficult to avoid culture adoption due to pressure from the colonial masters. They used their cultural styles in ruling both the Africans and Native Australian with the aim of spreading their culture across the world. The colonist cultures took various understanding levels being that every community had their own cultures and traditions. The Native Australians, colonist and West Africans tend to share some of the cultural aspects though the interpretation differs from one state or country to the other. Both the West Africans and Native Australian gave a different approach to various cultural practices (Crettaz, 2011). This is because each group attached their culturally adopted practices to their own cultures. The colonial masters in this case were the European community. Social experts have tried over the years to find the underlying information behind clash of cultures in Australia and West Africa and their results have pointed out to the issue of colonialism as one of the contributing factors. Another factor that is presumed to have led to cultural clash is trade. Various countries or groups interacted through trade in the colonial periods hence leading to intermarriages that in turn led to cultural adoption though not fullyAustralians, who were taken to Massachusetts and some part of West Africa, triggered the trading culture hence causing cultural dilution. In most cases, Indians were used in building railways lines and those took years giving good time to cultural mix. Though the colonial masters were the main source of cultural dilution, they were not left out and are also experiencing a clash of cultures. Their cultural clash is brought about by the Indians who were transported to their countries to work as slaves. Some of the controversie
The modern world presents a highly challenging environment for the populace as far as competition for scarce resources is concerned. As a result, individuals are obliged to acquire a high degree of skills and competence to meet the high standards that have been set by the competitive environment. Such acquisition can only be made through a sound education system that embraces a suitable learning process. Through learning, individuals are able to harmonize emotional, cognitive as well as environmental experiences in the acquisition and improvement of one’s knowledge, values, and skills in an attempt to better his/her lifestyle. This paper, therefore, reviews an article on the students’ study habits while learning and compares it with the traditional methods of learning. Moreover, this paper encompasses a writer’s personal opinion on the article in review as well as discussing issues in the article. “Forget what you know about study habits” is an article written by Benedict Carey on the 6th of September 2010 and published in the New York Times newspaper. Carey intends to dispel the old traditional theory of learning, whereby students are subjected to a fixed schedule and curriculum. According to the researcher, the old system restricts students to certain study methods that are not only ineffective in mastering concepts taught but also encourage students to easily forget what has been taught. He further argues that the system has suppressed the innovativeness of some excellent teachers hence jeopardizing the standards of learning in schools. He further asserts that contrary to the belief that learning requires a specific prevailing condition, students who study in informal settings perform better than their counterparts in modern settings. A student can master as well as remember a genre while studying in a setting characterized by other activities in the background as these events have little effect on his/her studies. He argues that the information acquired by the students is richer in a varied context of study than in a formal setting such as quite a classroom. Consequently, students are able to effectively master the concepts in addition to being able to recall the genre since the rate of forgetting is immensely reduced. Moreover, studying a variety of materials such as reading and speaking in the same setting creates an impression in the brain that is hard to erase. Th
Introduction Globalization is a relatively new concept. As little as ten years ago, the term was hardly used. Today globalization is being discussed everywhere; by businessmen, politicians, economists, academics, right through to the average person on the street (Weiss, 1997, pp. 3-27). It affects all aspects of our modern lives, from what we eat, to what we watch on telly, to the type and amount of crime we experience and to how much money we have in the bank. In this essay I intend to briefly define globalization, explain the term nation state, describe how globalization is manifesting itself and discuss from three differing standpoints the impact that globalization is having in relation to the autonomy and sovereignty of the nation state. Although globalization can be perceived in many different ways, it is essentially the term used to describe the way in which all manner of people’s lives are crossing national boundaries at an ever increasing speed and transforming the way in which we live. Different cultures are becoming increasingly accessible and interconnected. Modern technology now enables us to access information and communicate with people from the other side of the world virtually instantaneously. News is published and broadcast to us about distant places around the globe. Pollution in one country can affect the environment of another. Fluctuations in the financial market of one nation can affect the value of currency in another. Globalization describes the growing interconnectedness of the world. It is a multi-dimensional process, which encompasses economic, political and cultural aspects. It is important however, to understand that the affects of globalisation are geographically uneven due to the enormous inequality and imbalance of power between rich nation states and poor (Walker, 2006, p. 375). Discussion The system of states commonly known as the ‘Westphalian system’ (due to it’s origins in the signing of the ‘Peace of Westphalia’ treaty (1648), when Europe’s monarchs all agreed to recognize each other’s rights to rule their own territories without outside interference) is now a worldwide practice of modern political life these states, which have specifically defined borders and have exclusive authority and supreme jurisdiction over political, social and economic activity within its borders (sovereignty), are known as nation states. There is no doubt that economics has played a significant role in international politics throughout history. The desire for control over economic resources has been part of struggles amo
Annotation of the Letter by the Assistant Manager (Ms. Sally) As the general manager of Manhattan Galleries limited, I recently received a query from a customer who claimed that she had been sent a painting with sagging canvases and the condition of the painting was not presentable to be hanged in the manager’s office. As a part of addressing the problem, I directed my assistant to respond to the complaint by writing a business letter to the affected customer addressing the issue. However, upon completion of the letter, I went through it and noted several things that were not in order and needed to be changed. The letter did not have viable persuasive arguments as it is supposed to be. Ms. Sally should have applied her business understanding to write convincing arguments and try to communicate that would persuade the customer. The assistant manager has used the right method to address the customer. “Dear Ms. Jensen”. This is what is preferred when writing a letter to respond to a customer’s complaint. However, Ms. Sally would have started the letter by expressing gratitude or greeting the customer and then to thank her first for choosing to do business with Manhattan Galleries company limited. Instead of doing this, Ms. Sally started the letter by telling the customer that she had been assigned the role of replying to the letter. This is truly unnecessary as it indicates how unprofessional the company’s officials are. The language that Ms. Sally could have used was supposed to be considerable, apologetic, and showing concern. However, Ms. Sally used very harsh language which would have possibly frustrated the customer more instead of solving the problem. The opening remark in a business letter should be pleasant and welcoming, but the letter that Ms. Sally had intended to send to the customer as a response to complaints was not at all pleasant. Ms. Sally has used very unfriendly and inconsiderable language which might put off the customer, losing her confidence with the company, which leads to losing a customer. The type of language my assistant used when she was writing the letter was not appropriate and instead of positively influencing the customer’s attitude towards our services, it would have possibly destroyed the confidence the customer may previously have had for the company. After greeting and thanking the customer, the Assistant manager should have then restated the problem that was presented in the customer’s complaint to show the customer that her problem was also a problem of the company and that the company was ready to help her. The Assistant was also expected to explain what could have caused th
Introduction For the most part of American history, Americans have classified themselves throughout a profoundly felt sagacity of divergence with Europe. According to the American point of view, the New World has stood in representative contrast to the Old one. Whether they criticized Europe’s associates or desired for its assets, Americans concurred that it was a polar contrary of the New World. They have generally disregarded that this vision of the relative between the USA and Europe appeared only regularly as the final result of one hundred and fifty years of the colonial epoch. Throughout most of that period, the colonists would have been astonished to think of themselves as staying intrinsically non-European. Americanization of Europe In accepted custom, the early emigrants to America are modernized by the glory of a daring trip to freedom. Criticized by Europeans for heterodoxy, subversion, scarcity, or transgression, they fled to a territory of religious freedom, political liberty, financial opportunity, and brotherly worship. It is a dignified legend, and similarly to most legends, not lacking some grounding in historical fact. Its perseverance, though, has had a bit more to do with arrogance than with history. For Europeans, it depicted America as a land polluted by the dregs of the Old World; for Americans, it performed Europe as a territory of authoritarianism. Yet, most of the principal citizens of the New World during the superior part of the imposing epoch would not have identified themselves as the characters of such an appealing and sensational epic. For them, protection of their relations with Europe was not so much a responsibility as an inevitability: they did not regard themselves as American, anti-European by characterization. With the issuing of President Bush’s Declaration of Strategic Priorities, an ecstatic eruption of gleeful expectation is removing from the whole of Europe. The USA aims to reconstruct our world “not just more protected but better” – an act that will be “maintained by confidence in the standards of liberation and the charge of a free humanity.” Bush aims “to expand the advantages of emancipation and opulence through the increase of American significances and material remunerations for good supremacy.” Conversation and conjecture abound. What will the new Americanized Europe look like? Any country would not feel the results of Americanization more than Norway, long known for its immature regard for common accountability and ju
Total Quality Management (TQM) TQM focuses on ensuring that community needs, as well as those of individual clients, are met alongside the organization’s objective. The trust in the Royal United Hospital Bath NHS Trust ( RUH Bath ) achieved its goal through the maximization of employees’ potential as the organization sought continued improvement (Gardner et al., 2010). There are several different concepts under TQM including employee involvement, partnership with suppliers and setting performance measures that have been satisfied. Other concepts such as patient satisfaction in RUH Bath have not been achieved as the waiting time for patients is still wanting. Under TQM , the focus is to ensure that problems are prevented by leveraging on staff members which has not been the case at RUH Bath . The technique also seeks to ensure that the quality of healthcare is improved through education and progressive training of the personnel. The strategy eliminates numerical approaches to quality as well as other barriers that interfere with employee satisfaction (Astbury & Leeuw, 2010). In TQM , the leadership and the management of the organization purposefully make willing decisions that orient the organization towards achieving patient
Introduction Oman has seen a considerable extent of change and transformation since 1970, when Sultan Qaboos assumed the office, overthrowing his own father. In past years Oman was in a sorry state, with no elements of development. There was no established foreign policy, the economic sector was in a pitiful condition, while the education sector was also greatly neglected. As Sultan Qaboos appeared, he initiated strategies and policies with the aim of picking up the nation and its public and instigate a structure for progress. Along with Qaboos’ striving efforts, a number of factors assisted him in achieving his goal. The paper will discuss the factors, some individually and others in between, the most considerable one being the sultanate of Qaboos himself. Sultan Qaboos Sultan Qaboos Bin Said, the Head of the State of Oman, who succeeded his father Said Bin Taimur in 1970, has been regarded as the most prominent figure in bringing about the development in Oman. Through his remarkable caliber and outstanding strategies, he paved the path for Oman’s development. This could be seen from when he commenced his rule in 19970 that he immediately started formulating strategies regarding the political and economic arena of the country. He formed a number of Councils of Ministers, outlining the fact that for Oman, a new era had indeed begun. In his speech when he had assumed the office, he stated that the development of an independent foreign policy and the establishment of close ties with other Arab countries are essential for Oman’s development. Furthermore, Qaboos also recognized a number of basic areas for infrastructure, telecommunications and economic development, focusing on the expansion of health and education facilities for all the citizens of Oman. Right in the early 1970s, a formal governance framework was established, a protocol office, known as Diwan. It was formulated to assist coordinate the Sultan Qaboos’ schedule as his role and responsibilities swelled, as well as serve as a link between the Sultan and public of Oman. Education plays a vital role in the development and prosperity of a nation. Qaboos emphasized a lot on this sector, by initiating the National Local Community Development Program (NLCDP), whose main objective was to address to the educational field and enhance it. The Sultan Qaboos University was instituted in 1
Introduction In the current world, there tend to be different social and political activities that take place. Different people across the borders migrate in and out of different countries, with several reason attached to their migration. In my case, I will discuss into details the nature of the Middle Eastern migration into the United Kingdom and its implications. In my case study, I will discuss Egypt as a country. Factors leading to U.K immigration Many reasons have been articulated to the great migration of the Egyptians into the United Kingdom. Due to the traces of oil found in the Middle East countries, many wrangles have been experienced among the countries themselves leading to political instability, hence migrations. The process of obtaining U.K visas and work permits has also been simplified making it easy for people to migrate into the U.K. Therefore students going for studies and businessmen get it so easy to travel to U.K. The migration is therefore characterized and triggered by the fact that visas are easy to obtain and besides that, there are many job vacancies with readily available work permits. Political steadiness and strategic geographical location of the U.K has also contributed to the attraction of the numerous immigrants, since they can work and stay safe (Joly 2004). The U.K immigration specialists and qualified lawyers have also helped the Egyptians to obtain visas and other relevant legal documents for travelling. In addition to that, many people from Egypt especially student also migrate to U.K to seek for better learning facilities and to further their education. This has also contributed to the reason for migration into the U.K. Problems caused by U.K immigrants As a matter of fact, for every action, there must be a reaction. In our case study, there are certain implied problems associated with the migration into the U.K. First and the fore most, it has become a cumbersome duty for the U.K government to preserve social cohesion. This is because as different people from different countries come together, it might be difficult to control certain people because of the nature and their previous lifestyles and languages. Hence, the government and the citizens must be vigilant enough to uphold the rule of law in order to preserve the social cohesion. Another problem that has risen due to migration into the European countries is the over population. Obviously when people migrate to a certain location, they definitely add to the population of the area. This problem has also been experienced in the European countries as the newly arrived people must be catered and budgeted for. The government of the U.K consequently has come up with certain measures to curb the migrations of the Egyptians into their country unnecessarily (Geddes 2004). They have come up with tough policies and procedures of obtaining visas and work permits into the U.K. This has tremendously reduced the number of the U.K immigrants. Difference between integration and assimilation Assimilation is the act of absorbing certain people who are minorities into the way of life of majority and making t