ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The article dwells on the Portman Hotel Company and how it attempted to implement its “5-Star team plan.” The company reorganized its practice and employed personal valets (PVs) who were entitled to both housekeeping and being butlers for the guests. These employees were organized into small teams (5 PVs per hotel floor). This happened due to the personal valets’ complaints – they were confused and disorganized (Heckscher 1). The hotel was comparably small. According to the plan, the hotel had to offer eminent service and adequate price rates to all of its clients. A committed and responsible team of employees turned out to be the most complicated issue on the way to the success of the hotel. The human resources strategy employed at the hotel had to be changed or revised (Heckscher 1). Business model The viewpoint of the hotel highlights the first-class service and its cost-effectiveness (Heckscher 3). The hotel employs very carefully and necessitates enduring commitment from the personnel. Each of the workers is well thought-out to be valuable and intricate worker rights are enumerated in agreements with them and require long-term obligations from the staff. The most attention the hotel pays to the guest value. The objective is to provide exceptional service to every client (Heckscher 3). Another unique characteristic of the hotel’s business model is the fact that it does not welcome union membership. Excluding a few workers, not a single member of the staff had merged with any of the unions. Despite the overall decency of the business model, low occupancy rates generated the problem of an unproductive service crew (Heckscher 6). Moreover, the plan of the hotel to reevaluate the management department and allocate more personnel at the guest front demonstrated to be off beam as appropriate supervision for the subordinate employees was absent (Heckscher 6). One of the depictions of this business model was the issue of relational problems. The hotel suffered an inadequately low level of organization and conviction among the workers, and their personal relations were not satisfactory (Heckscher 6). Business problems Even though the management elaborated on the “5-Star team plan” the PVs were basically rotated to save the costs (Heckscher 7). This problem is based on the issue of low occupancy. Correspondingly, devotion and customer bond became another key issue concerning the employment as the majority of the employees were not capable of complying with these key necessities (Heckscher 7). The hotel does not seem like it has a strong set of HR strategies referring to the occupation structure of PVs who turns out to be doing more work than they wish they would do (Heckscher 7). By reason of the misunderstanding connected to the job description, the PVs are mostly preoccupied with housekeeping (Heckscher 7). The hotel had to sack numerous employees, but, in turn, the company was enforced
Leadership plays an important role in nursing practice. It may vary in methods of implementation and brings different results. While there are some limitations and challenges of nursing advocacy, it is generally characterized by having a positive effect on populations undergoing medical treatment. Defining Advocacy It is crucial to determine what lies within the concept of advocacy. Several studies address this question and offer an extensive definition of this term. Advocacy is regarded as a set of actions targeted at promoting and supporting people’s health by working along with corresponding stakeholders, ensuring access to health care, and providing opportunities for community health improvement by working with relevant decision-makers on enforcing the health care policies (Ezeonwu, 2015, p. 126). Briefly speaking, advocacy is work done by nurses to support patients and other community members on every step of the health care system. Leadership Advocacy Example One of the examples where nurses implement the leadership advocacy principles can be seen in creating various patient support groups. These groups are usually attended by people who have the same diagnosis. The common case is the illness diagnosed to a patient is dangerous and sometimes not subject to treatment. People who are aware of having such an illness require extensive psychological support, as they experience fear and uncertainty regarding their future. Sharing this fear with people undergoing the same situation can be beneficial for patients, resulting in a positive attitude towards the future and optimistic outcomes. Nichols and Wright (2015) have researched the support group for patients diagnosed with a brain tumor, which shows evidence of the nurses’ leadership’s positive impact. The role of leaders in nursing is classified as not only the task of coordinating patients but also the way of changing their lifestyle. While doctors are mostly viewed as technical specialists, nurses use their soft competencies to treat people. The study suggests that the main reasons for the support group’s positive dynamics are based on the practices of building long-term relationships with patients and their families (Nichols & Wright, 2015, p. 465). A personal approach has created an atmosphere in which people felt comfortable and willing to follow the suggested scenarios of treatment. The Impact of Leadership and Its Application Initiatives taken by nurses are not limited to the direct work with patients. They may also be targeted at implementing regulations and practices targeted at enhancing the working conditions of the staff. The studies prove that nursing leadership advocacy may result in the decline of mortality rates by “creating safe working environments that promote satisfied and high performing staff and establishing adequate staffing and resources to avoid unnecessary deaths” (Wong, 2015, p. 276). Professional collaboration is a key to ensuring all nurses have the same performance standards. Moreover, communication between leaders and staff is required for receiving feedback on the nurses’ satisfaction with work conditions, as they are the factor defining
Introduction The present paper provides a case presentation of Olivia Kerr (further referred to as O.K.), a 22 year old woman on probation in need of substance abuse counseling. The motivation for presenting this particular case is that individuals who are not incarcerated at the moment of substance abuse relapses have greater access to alcohol and may aggravate their situation. Therefore, this circumstance adds an extra layer of difficulty to resolving issues of such kind. This paper contains a detailed theoretical overview of relevant approaches to practice with a focus on cognitive and family-based therapy. The case itself is presented in great detail, including reasons for referral, present concerns, assessment as well as engagement, contracting, and other aspects. An intervention plan is also enclosed with a description of potential ethical issues, constraints, and limitations. The case analysis is based on my experience with counseling O. K. as a social work intern assigned to a probation unit. Theoretical Approach to Practice Alcohol and drug abuse is not a rarity among probationers. In fact, according to statistics provided by the Centers for Substance Abuse Treatment (2005), in the United States of America, more than two-thirds of probationers have had a history of uncontrolled alcohol or drug consumption. For incarcerated individuals, this rate is even more concerning: the Centers for Substance Abuse Treatment (2005) reports that as many as 74% of them are dependent on alcohol or drugs. The issue is worth more attention due to the fact that staying clear off substances is one of the prerequisites of successfully passing the probation period (Hyatt & Barnes, 2017). Probationers who avoid temptations have a decreased likelihood of recidivism and reincarceration. Moreover, staying away from drugs and alcohol allows for forming new positive habits and changing the entire lifestyle for the best. Unfortunately, being on probation often means greater access to substances as opposed to prison where it is much more restricted (Centers for Substance Abuse, 2005). In some cases, relapsing is preventable; others, however, need an intervention before the situation derails beyond repair. At present, cognitive behavioral therapy is widely used for treating addiction. The purpose of cognitive behavioral therapy is to help a patient find connections between their feelings, thoughts, and actions (Leahy, 2015). In the case of substance abuse, this type of therapy can help to pinpoint the root cause of a habit and substitute it with a healthier pattern. Overall, cognitive behavioral therapy hinges on the premise that intention to change alone cannot make much of a difference. Action is the key to breaking the vicious circle and recovery (Leahy, 2015). A patient is assisted in defining the circumstances that lead to relapsing: particular triggers, events, or people. By becoming more aware of these triggers, an individual empowers themselves and can now respond thoughtfully inste
Mother’s milk is the safest and healthiest food for the first months of children’s lives as it constitutes a constant and secure source of essential nutrients. Nevertheless, parents often try to introduce their infants to solid food earlier than the infants’ digestive system can handle it. Up to a certain age, babies do not need additional solid nourishment, as they receive everything they need with milk, but still, they may show a particular interest in it. Thus, educating parents in regards to infant nutrition is one of the tasks that medical professionals should endeavor. Infants show psychological and developmental readiness to digest semi-solid food approximately at five months. Several signs that a child is developed enough for solid food exist and are examined both in this week’s textbook reading and the video “Feeding Babies: Starting Solid Foods” as well as the concept of psychological readiness overall. If an infant holds their head steadily and shows curiosity and a willingness to take food when it is brought to their mouth in this case, the infant is likely prepared (Marotz, p. 392). Psychological readiness is expressed in the child’s interest in solid food and the desire to try it, and physiological readiness may be manifested by the ability to consume and digest food properly. However, not all individuals may have access to provide proper nourishment for themselves and their children: this shortage leads to developmental deficiencies and influences the physical and psychological state of a child. That is why it was essential to learn about The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), the website of which was included in this week’s materials. Moreover, the WIC program provides grants for nutritional professionals, for instance, with the mission to ameliorate food technologies for infants in which public health or educational entities may participate (United States Department of Agriculture, p. 4). WIC was an indispensable discovery as it will serve as a future point of reference for similar projects. Manifestations of food allergies most often occur in early childhood and persist throughout life. Marotz et al. state that “initially it is better to offer individual foods rather than mixtures. If an infant does experience an allergy or sensitive reaction, the offending food can be more easily identified” (p. 393). The child often inherits the tendency to develop allergies from their parent – children with a hereditary predisposition to allergies exhibit different immune responses than children without them. That why it is essential to identify an allergy as soon as possible, and introducing foods individually may help to achieve this goal. Food allergies are an issue that may concern a significant number of parents and early childhood specialists. One of the characteristics of infancy is rapid growth leading to the need for a diverse and reach diet, which may, in its turn, entail certain risks, among which are allergies (“Feeding Babies”). That is why it seems appropriate to develop a question related to identifying allergy risks for children, and more precisely in regard to what are the
Chapter 9, “How to Statisticulate,” explores the topic of how to determine lies that have been presented as truths with the help of statisticulation. Statisticulation refers to the use of statistical material to cause manipulation, thus having an influence on a target population and the subjects that concern them (Huff, p. 102). The authors give examples of bluffs associated with using misleading information, such as wrong rates, percentages, and the misrepresentation of graphs and maps. One of the examples of statisticulation is the use of maps by companies. When making maps, which are the graphical representations of how organizations perform, marketers distribute the statistics for making either of the axes finer in order to make data seem steeper and one-sided. Today, such a method is used when businesses compare their data or products to another company, to make theirs look better and more prominent. Therefore, while the graphs between two companies seem staggering in the maps, the difference in performance is only in 1 to 2% between each other. Such an example is evident statisticulation because a company wants to manipulate statistical information without lying about it. While the data may not be over-emphasized intentionally, the graphical representation works in favor of a company that manipulates the potential audience. In addition, statisticulation also implies the excessive use of percentages, which offer significant confusion for the target audience. Any percentage figure that is based on a limited number of cases is more likely to be incorrect and misleading. However, companies widely use percentages because they are perceived as reliable and favoring some companies over others in terms of their performance. In Chapter 10, “How to Talk Back to a Statistic,” the author points out the ways in which statistical data can
The healthcare problem discussed in this assignment is diabetes mellitus, which is increasingly becoming the leading cause of disability across the world. The disease manifests itself through hyperglycemia, and it is categorized into type 1 and type 2. Type 2 diabetes is the most prevalent and it consists of close to 90% of all infections. The causes of this disease are varied, including gestation, drugs, and lifestyles. Its complications affect all body organs, leading to lethal implications. The population to be studied in this assignment majorly comprises older people with diabetes type 2 in a setting with nurse-led management. The presence of this problem is substantiated by diverse information and data from different researchers. Macido (2019) found that Diabetes mellitus is among the leading medical concerns in the United states and the world at large. The researchers used data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, where more than 12% of older people in the US live with the conditio
Article summary The article Why do People Watch Religious, TV? A Uses and Gratification Approach by Abelman applies the Uses and Gratification Theory (U&G), which is one of the various audience theories, to explain the role of Television as a mode of mass media from the point of view of the audience. The article applies the two common uses of television namely ritualized and instrumental, and reveals the need for a third approach, reactionary television, in the analysis of religious programming. The author lists examples of other types of programming where the U&G theory can be applied including sports, cartoons, and news channels, but focuses his study on religious programming. The sample group comprises 210 adults, whose motives and patterns for viewing six religious channels in the United States were analyzed (Abelman, 1987). Reaction to the article Considering that the article was compiles in the 1980s, my first reaction was that the research is rather outdated. However, the concepts used in the U&G theory are constant. This fact is supported by the similarity of the results obtained from Abelman’s study to a study conducted by Anderson (1996), which revealed that the audience uses the media to satisfy a variety of needs including informational needs, need for identity, need for social integration and interaction, and need for entertainment. The results of Abelman’s study are rather predictable and unsurprising. To begin with, the study was conducted more than two decades ago. The choice of television channels was limited, and people were eager to explore new channels to satisfy their multiple needs. According to Horsfield (1984), religion has been a core part of the social and spiritual well-being of individuals, giving them a sense of well-being and belonging in their communities. As such, the emergence of multiple religious channels was instrumental in providing members of the society with a means of Hearing God’s word in the comfort of their homes without feeling distanced from God (Horsfield, 1984). This notion is supported by the results of Abelman’s study, which shows that the prevalence of religious programming is mainly ritualized as seen in coining of the term ‘electronic church’ (Abelman, 1987). Additionally, the content of commercial television channels has been progressively explicit, causing a lot of discomfort. This has, in turn, been a contributing factor to the increase in number of viewers of
Summary of the Video Leslie Grant and James Strong are education experts. They had the chance to observe award-winning Chinese and American teachers. They discovered that American and Chinese teachers shared the same passion for excellence. Grant and Stronge also found that these two educational systems were similar in many areas. However, they also noted differences due to the impact of culture and history. Thus, their presentation was entitled: Connecting the Cultural Divide: What Do Great Teachers in the United States and China Do? The main difference is in the context of the delivery system. In the United States, the schools are accountable to the Federal Government. However, each state enjoys a great degree of autonomy, especially on designing their respective system of education. In other words, there are more than 50 different sets of teaching standards. Each state enjoys a certain level of autonomy, and it explains the diversity in the U.S. public school system. China uses a curriculum that was created to serve the whole country. This is an essential insight in order to understand the struggle to implement creative teaching strategies. In the case of the United States, national leaders are pushing for an educational system that will improve the literacy rates of millions of underprivileged and less fortunate children. However, the programs in the U.S. are usually state-driven. Thus, education experts like Grant and Strong were compelled to point out the high degree of variability. It is difficult to enforce a program geared towards improving the public education system at a national level when teachers are using policies developed at the state level. It is difficult to achieve a high degree of standardization when the local school board is very influential in crafting and implementing procedures. The Chinese government, on the other hand, wanted more creativity, individuality, and self-expression. However, it is challenging to accomplish these goals in a country characterized by the need to conform to national standards. Chinese public school systems are under the direct control of a central government. A typical Chinese classroom is more extensive than its U.S. counterpart. It is normal to see 40 to 60 students inside a large Chinese classroom. It is a different scenario in the U.S. mainland. Since the 1940s, U.S. classrooms saw a significant reduction in size. It is common to see 20 students inside a typical American public school classroom. Researchers also discovered similarities in instructional planning strategies. Similarities were identified through the use of the curriculum and textbooks. Moreover, they also noted similarities in the desire for more flexibility inside the classroom. There were significant differences when it comes to learning strategies. Chinese teachers prefer giving lectures. The propensity to use classes is directly related to national standardization protocol
The media have succeeded in putting out a complete view of the public. This has happened because there is no principled representation in sampling public opinion. The questions used to seek the opinion are too difficult, and people end up giving wrong answers while some decline to answer. Language in the questions is often complicated while the answers are not grouped correctly. The media end up getting wrong views of the public and once they broadcast and publish it, the public nods to the information since they believe those are their views and concerns. The media have the upper hand in the influence of the public opinion. The constitution has its mandate being a government policy, which is not agreeing to what everyone else has to say, but listens to the few privileged in politics. The media occasionally sample public opinion and by having their different views help to reduce disagreements. The government officials have conflicts with the media owing to the private ownership of media outlets and their right to self-rule. Income demands have contributed to the increasing number of media outlets, and this has left them competing for viewers, a situation which leaves them no option but to broadcast what is left of public interest. When it comes to opinion, the public is ignorant and lacks interest in politics. The poll questions appearance influences the responses, and the opinion itself is not reliable. The media’s role as a watchdog is to give people information. It holds everyone powerful accountable for their actions, criticizes, investigates and exposes scandals around people and organizations. An example is the Washington’s post that exposed the Watergate scandal in 1970 elections that made President Richard Nixon resign. The media’s role as a gatekeeper is to sort and filter all information being broadcast or published in any medium. The media decide on what stories to broadcast and for how long it should be done. An example is the murder of an abortion doctor in the June 1 and 2, 2009 Nation Digest. The media’s role as agenda setter is to inform people on essential issues that concern them. An example is the McCombs and Shaw investigations of the presidential campaigns in 1968,1972, and 1976. The watchdog function is sometimes biased especially in political scenarios where the journalists take sides and fail to do their full watchdog duty as required. The expansion of technology has strengthened the influence of the media on people as evident in the DC Foster care Washington post about careless deaths of innocent children that was exposed and changed the whole local government mismanagement. In the tobacco struggle, the media exposes the dangers associated with cigarette smoking while the tobacco company is making profits