When fighting for a leading role in a country’s political arena, candidates for president tend to stand a firm position about domestic issues which are pressing for their electorate. Depending on the situation in the country, the candidates assume an attitude towards the necessity of domestic reform and its character: that may be either a radical domestic reform, or a mild one, or a policy that follows and pursues the policy of the predecessor on the presidential post. As a rule, each new candidate, especially if being a bright political figure, introduces a new view on how domestic issues should be run; and the government period of each outstanding president is marked by substantial changes he introduced (or at least intended to introduce) into domestic life. The present paper aims to focus on the legislative programs of such historical political figures as Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson, who shared a commitment to domestic reform, and to single out the similarities and differences in their policies, as well as to trace the ways the modern United States President, Barack Obama and the current Vice President Joe Biden refer to domestic reform and tackle its issues depending on the current situation. The 26th President of the United States, Theodore Roosevelt is mostly renowned for his policy of progressivism, which initially arose at the end of the nineteenth century as a response to the vast changes brought about by the achievements of the industrial revolution. Many of the principles, laid out by progressivists at the early stages of the movement development, became the hallmarks of progressive politics onwards. Those principles include:  1. democracy, meaning that the government becomes more responsible to the direct voice of American people;  2. changes to the municipal administration which led to a more structured system of power than the centralized within the legislature one and which was now more locally focused;  3. a higher efficiency of the government achieved by appointing trained professional administrators to governing positions, reorganizing the governments with the aim of centralizing the decision-making process, taking measures to eliminate governmental corruption, and introducing changes into education which led to a higher integration of the student into the studying process and a higher level of interaction between students;  4. control over large monopolies by means of trust-busting (supported by Woodrow Wilson) and regulative measures (backed up by Theodore Roosevelt) in order to prevent the restrictions imposed by industrial capitalism ;  5. reforms in the sphere of social justice, including development of professional social workers, building of Settlement Houses, enactment of child labor laws, support for the goals of organized labor, alcohol prohibition laws;  6. government-funded conservation movement initiated by Theodore Roosevelt, creating national forests, national wildlife refuges, and areas of “special interest”, including the Grand Canyon. Theodore Roosevelt’s policy was based on the aforementioned principles, although he confessed not having a definite plan in his mind: “I was bent upon making the government the most eff