ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Because of the complicity of the relationship between people, conflict is not always considered to have the negative influence. In some occasions, Hocker and Wilmot (1991) say, conflicts can provide positive effect. However, they mark that such result is possible only in case the conflict is conducted in a civilized manner and in case the participants are willing to find the solution of the problem wholeheartedly. The Key Facts That Unlock the Mystery Looking at the case study in question, one can see clearly from the very beginning that the conflict situation is not quite complicated. Because of the fact that the roles which the participants play have been “rehearsed” not once, it goes so smoothly and ends up with no positive result. Mainly because of the situation prevalence in most families where the mother has to raise a boy on her own, this case seems so simple and entangled at the same time. The main participants of the sandal, the mother Maria and her son Lenny seem to have got quite used to quarrels under various pretexts. As for this time, it is Lenny’s late arrival that troubles his mother. It must be admitted though that Mark must feel quite uneasy as well, feeling that he is caught “between the devil and the deep blue sea” – unwilling to conflict, he still feels that his inaction is an abuse to his authority, which makes him interfere and suggest his way of handling the situation. Into the Eye of the Conflict: The Source Because of the fact that the situation is quite a stereotype, it can be suggested that the source of the conflict is more than skin deep. It is obvious from the very first time that the boy causes the mother to start conflicting because of his late arrival; it is doubtful though that if he came home before the curfew, the mother did not start the dispute. Thus, it can be considered that the first and the foremost source of the conflict is the boy’s mother who is trying to control her grown-up son instead of compromising. As a cyclic phenomenon (Meggs 2007), it might take threatening shapes in future. As Hocker and Wilmot say, “conflict styles cluster similarly to conflict tacti
Information Abstract To lessen the hazards of the ordinary people arising from the use of the traditional modes of slow, inefficient, and outdated transports, some students of the XXXX University are looking forward to establishing a highly developed railway service network that can keep a significant contribution over the societies of the country. The focus of this business plan is to serve the regular passengers of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the busy students of different educational institutions, the pilgrims of different nations from around the world who more often tend to be old and frail, as well as the national or international oil-exporters and other companies dealing with haulage of bulks. Introduction Definition, Description, and Background Hajj is the fifth pillar of Islam and the principal pilgrimage (sacred assembly) in Islam; every Muslims who are fit in terms of physic and capable to pay should make this tour at least once; so, it is a most significant concern of the government of KSA to guarantee compliant, protected, and inexpensive haulage structure for the Muslims in the planet. Furthermore, the investment capacity of the global visitors have diminished because of unpleasant occurrence of global financial turmoil; as a result, a huge number of Muslims from the Middle East nations and the rest part of the earth remained unsuccessful to visit KSA to do the hajj; moreover, numerous pilgrims required to work hard to organize finance for air tickets. On the other hand, numerous aged citizens today prefer to have a secure trip at reduced expenses, while some of them cannot discover the correct path; so, it is indispensable to enhance the railways of the country. Conversely, this venture would assist countless Muslims to carry out hajj with inadequate funds, assist the entire regime to guarantee a secure journey, and boost the number of pilgrims and travelers as this plan possesses the competence to serve up about one million travelers; moreover, it is also notable that the charge of rail tickets are lesser than air tickets. Although the perception of the expansion of the rail hauling services is a huge scheme in terms of requisite economic speculation, it is not doubtful to execute this scheme fruitfully for the small- scale private entrepreneurs. This is mainly due to the reason that Saudi Arabia is the state of World Trade Organization that provides the prospect to the overseas firms to spend
Introduction Sneakers were first propelled out of the play grounds of New York in the 1970s by the B-boys and since then it has realized a metamorphosis from being considered as a means of boosting performance in athletics and sports to a level where it has been considered as a collector’s object of obsession. This phenomenon was first analyzed by the production of the film ‘just for kicks’ that was released back in 2005. This paper will review the documentary film and give a reflection that reveals the relationship between sneaker revolution and the hip-hop culture. Reflection The movie is unique in that brings to light the principles underlying between players as well as divers who are deemed to be behind the booming business of sneakers. The business is worth 60 billion. The film is praised for its vivid attempt to give a colorful and quite comical history of what is considered as the most treasured fashion item in the hip hop culture. The film was directed by Thibaut De Longeville and released in 2005 by Egami studio, those staring included Grandmaster Caz and Garcia Bobbito. ‘Just for kicks’ is a documentary film that digs deep into the hip-hop culture and the relationship it has with revolution of sneakers as a fashion item. The film documents the sneaker movement using interview of big figures in the culture and they include individuals like Hatfield Tinker who is considered as one of the greatest designer of all time, Scoop Jackson as well as Bobitto Garcia. The film is a detailed examination that looks in great detail at the personalities and culture that drove the fashion and culture of creation of sneaker into becoming the cornerstone of the hip hop fashion. From the film, it is evident that sneaker as a fashion started and still remains linked to the hip hop community whose personalities and beats are dominant. The film has great graphics, in-depth personality interviews as well as a breakneck pace that not only makes it a novelty item that fits broadcast, but also useful for
Introduction Islamic fundamentalism has been the cause of the long-term hostility involving the United States and Iran. However, there are other substantive causes of this disagreement that has existed for a long time in the history of both countries. NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), which is a military organization that is made up of countries from North America and a reasonable part of Europe, is established to enhance global security and peace (Cottam 1988, p.18). This has also been a great issue of concern in the raging war existing between the U.S and the Iranian government. Over the years, the objectives of NATO have changed to be more of military structure due to the opposition that it has faced from diverse quarters since its birth (Crane 2008, p.15). The theocracy of Iran promotes a system of government that entirely contradicts the core values and interests upon which the NATO association was founded. This can be supported by the fact that, the Iranian system of governance exempts some vital international human rights in their values and standards of governance (Fazeli 2006, p.9). These rights include the freedom of speech and the freedom of religion and association. In addition to this, the Iranian system of governance does not uphold the doctrine of serene coexistence in the international harmonization (Mousavian 2008, p.34). On the other hand, there is an intense border conflict between the Israelites and Pakistan. One of the major intentions of NATO is peace keeping in that region, which the Iranian government is not in support of (Holliday 2001, p.12). All this factors just give a general overview on the complexity of the upheaval that still exists between the U.S and the Iranian government. This research paper shows the importance of more research and study on the soiled relationship between the U.S and Iran. The gravity of this matter is acutely entrenched and is vital to look more into and find out which party has a better bargaining power and why (Mahmood 2006, p.25). Objectives of the Research Paper The main aim of the research paper is to identify, review, re-visit and re-examine why Iran has become a permanent enemy of the U.S. This is however intriguing because the U.S is the most affluent and influential country in the 21 st century (Fayazmanesh 2010, p.11). Moreover, this crisis has not developed in the current century
Steven Levitt and Stephen Dubner stirred controversy when they published the book Freakonomics: A rogue economist explores the hidden side of everything. This book takes a very unconventional view on matters of economics. The topics discussed in the book touch on issues that most people would prefer not to discuss; for instance, issues comprising of corruption and abortion. Critics accuse the authors of losing sight on the main topic, which is economics, and describe the book as more of a sociological book than a book on economics. They also bring to question the criteria used in collection of data used in the formulation of ideas contained in the book to support the authors’ opinions. This paper looks at the controversies that develop from the book in view of real life experiences and how the book addresses the issue of macroeconomics. The authors share the conventional notion on economics, which touches on distribution of goods and services coupled with the creation of wealth. Different other books on economics share this sentiment. One such book is The road to Serfdom written by Fredrich A. Von Hayek. However, Levitt and Dubner go rogue from the very beginning and choose to define economics as the study of incentives. On reading the book, one would infer the word ‘incentives’ to mean bribes as that is the context in which it appears in the book. This may be a misleading approach, especially to someone new to the study of economics. Economics has elements of incentives in it, but not in the form described by Dubner and Levitt. However, just as it is in philosophy, one needs to look at the book without any prejudicial view in order to understand the authors’ perspectives. For instance, although economics is not the study of perspectives as suggested by the authors and, even though their definition of the word incentive is not as it is usually applicable, the version of the word ‘incentives’ as described in the book (bribery) does exist in real life. Corruption indeed exists in every aspect of societal interactions without the exception of the economics field. In chapter one of the book, the authors give the example of teachers and students. In their opinion, when teachers give students multiple-choice questions in high-stake tests, it amounts to cheating. They add that this act amounts to giving incentives. The authors give the same example as applying to Sumo wrestlers. They argue that the perception of cheating or bribery in a match seems to affect the outcome of a match, whether the bribing indeed occurs or not. The former example can be easy to relate to in real life. For instance, a teacher who earns a small income would be more likely to jump on the opportunity of a promotion and would
Introduction In the present competitive business environment, organizations are more concerned about defeating existing competition. Although many approaches to management and leadership exist, organizations are keen to engage leaders who are more skilled in managing people. Having a skilled labor force is an important success ingredient and leaders must take any appropriate steps to ensure that skilled personnel are not lost to competitors. This paper attempts to identify some valuable aspects of the human side of management and leadership and proceeds to explain why they are considered valuable. Valuable Aspects of the Human Side of Management and Leadership Visionary leadership is vital for any organization to grow and succeed in the face of stiff competition. Considering the importance of human workforce, many organizations are seeking ways to ensure that the interests of employees are well taken care of. This includes involving them more in running the affairs of the organization. Valuable aspects of the human side management and leadership include team work, servant leadership, and motivation. In the recent past, there has been a growing interest in leadership theories including a significant inquiry into the application of servant leadership (Oner, 2012). The concept of servant leadership can be quite confusing given that th
Facts Of The Case The City Council of Newark hired a certified accountant called Samuel Rosenfarb to investigate the racial composition of the fire companies. Rosenfarb found that the highest percentage of workers in the fire companies were white. He also estimated that about thirty of the companies comprised of only white employees. Regarding promotions, Rosenfarb recorded that the white population was given more chances than the blacks and the Hispanics. There had been no actions taken until Sharpe James was elected Mayor of Newark in New Jersey and issued a mandate in his inaugural meeting. The mandate stated that all single-raced fire companies would be eliminated in order to improve morale. However, the mayor’s order was rejected. The fire chief, Wallace, gave an alternative solution to achieve diversity. He suggested involuntary transfers to strike a balance between races. Firefighters were denied transfer requests and many more assigned to different fire departments, based on race. Procedural history: A total of 34 workers sued the Newark City Council for forced transfers and denied transfer requests. They were also joined by two workers’ unions, the NFU and the NFOU. The District Court dismissed this claim. However, the plaintiffs appealed. Key Issues The plaintiffs claimed that the transfers on the basis of race were unconstitutional. They argued that the transfers went against the policies outlined in the Equal Officers Clause, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and the New Jersey Civil Rights Act. The City claimed that they had three interests that forced them to implement these policies. They stated that they implemented the policies in order to eliminate racial segregation in the fire department. The City believed that the best way to rid racial discrimination was by transferring firefighters involuntarily to create a balance. There was also the need to safeguard the performance of the fire firms by integrating the workers to improve diversity. The City cited that implementing the policies fell within the confines of the 1980 Consent Decree. Legal Holding The court ( Lomack v. City of Newark 252) held that the City could apply racial classifications if it was involved in the previous discrimination that led to the imbalance. The City neither proved nor suggested that it had any involvement with the prior discrimination. The court referred to the case of Grutter v. Bollinger (251). The Supreme Court held that if there was an educational benefit in having a diverse
There are several poems, written by the famous Orcadian poet Edwin Muir that made me think of his writing style as unique poetry. These poems are from his volume The Labyrinth and their common topic is the terror of war. These poems are The Horses, The Combat and The Good Town. All of his works I examined consist of the description of terrors of war. Moreover, it became clear that throughout his poetry Muir uses Bible and different myths to compare reality and the past. The poem that impressed me the most is The Horses. It fascinated me with the way Edwin symbolizes humanity’s progress in it. The author describes the holocaust and the “new beginning” brought by horses: “Essentially a cold- war poem, which T.S Eliot called “that terrifying poem of the ‘atomic age’, “the Horses” portrays a remote farming community struggling to come to terms with the aftermath of a nuclear war – the seven days war” (James, 80). The author in this poem looks optimistic about the future after an awful accident that happened to humanity. He analyses the Second World War and the imaginary nuclear holocaust in both parts of the poem. However, the second part is dedicated to the new beginning and returning to nature. Although Muir shows his pessimistic view, in the beginning, he changes it in the second part of the poem, giving the reader a sense of relief. I think that the main idea of this poem is to show people how dependent our world became on technology. Edwin Muir tries to awake people and to tell them to stop their destructive behavior. Although the poem has a happy end, the main idea is still unfavorable. By bringing the image of horses into the poem, the author shows how our ancestors used to live and how stupid we are to change horses on tractors: The radios failed; we turned the knobs; no answer. On the third day a warship passed us, heading north, Dead bodies piled on the deck. On the sixth day A plane plunged over us into the sea (Muir, 112). As it was stated earlier, there is a literary technique that the author uses in all his poems and The Horses is not an exception. Spiritual words and biblical words such as “covenant” and “twelvemonth” bring some mysticism to Muir’s literature. Another Muir’s poem that also describes the terrors of war is The Combat from his volume Labyrinth that was written in Prague. Like in all his previous poems, Muir, describing battles, uses many comparisons with animals. In The Combat, he creates an unusual and powerful beast: “Body of leopard, eagle’s head and whetted beak, and lion’s mane”. This unique literature philosophy and use of animals in his poems as a technique is a Muir’s distinguishing feature. Just like he uses horses in the previous poems, Edwin uses comparison with the animals in the Combat. The Combat arises deep emotions like the previous poem, but the mix of dream and reality presented by the author here became the central theme here: Muir felt ‘that sleep, in which we pass a third of our existence, is a mode of experience, and our dreams a part of
The film that has been selected for analysis in this essay is the Hitch, which was produced in 2005 by Mordaunt and Tadross and directed by Tennant. One of the major interpersonal conflicts seen in this film is lack of proper communication between two persons that are in a close relationship. According to Sole (2011), clear communication is essential not only in giving but also receiving information. Rather than allowing each other to communicate and evade misunderstandings about one another and clarify intents, they continue to have occasions where conflict results into an ugly eventuality. There are several instances where persons disagree with each other’s opinions. Whenever this occurs, it is necessary to attend to a person’s response and communicate views without causing more clashes. In the Hitch film, a scene can be seen where the major couple argues over assumptions and conclusions that have been made by a partner. This clash was not controlled efficiently since one person made assumptions which resulted into conclusions and made the matter to become worse than expected. If they appreciated the need and objective of effectual communication, they could have evaded the clash between each other by explaining their intentions. They could have talked to each other about their work to avoid severe feelings of dishonesty. In the movie, the characters, Hitch and Sarah, start an argument because she discovers that he was the “ Date Doctor ” from an individual who could not be considered a reliable source (Mordaunt, Tadross &T ennant, 2005). Sara goes by the perception of her best friend’s misunderstanding with a man who asserted that Hitch had arranged to set them up for a one night stand. However, this was not true. Sara, who became unhappy that her friend was abused by the “date doctor”, decided to write an article against him providing several details that spoiled the connection that Hitch was trying to work on for his client. Sara then went to Hitch’s place, since they planned to have dinner, and began showing strange feelings towards him because she was disappointed and believed he played her. Hitch could not understand why she acted like that but still attempted to carry on with their dinner plans. Eventually, she enquired about his occupation but he declined to give her any information because he was upset at the way she was acting. As a result, she became more disappointed and began throwing food at Hitch, making him throw back food at her. She then walked away and went home. She absolutely presumed that Hitch was the one who gave other men the means of going around and playing with women (Mordaunt, Tadross, &Tennant, 2005). However, this assumption was incorrect. She would have confronted him by applying basic assertion, which according to Sole (2011) is the lowermost level of assertion in solving clash. This kind of interpersonal conflict in the movie could have been avoided if Sara enquired from him if the allegations
The policy regarding smoking during the COVID-19 pandemic is such that a ban on the sale of tobacco products has been introduced in some countries. Clancy et al. (2020) claim that many countries have introduced anti-smoking measures. This policy undoubtedly has its advantages, such as reducing smokers and preserving their health. Unfortunately, this policy has had a negative impact on my community. For example, the ban on tobacco smoking has deprived many people of jobs related to the production of tobacco products. In addition, illegal tobacco markets were formed, which increased the number of criminal situations. In this case, the importance of interdisciplinary cooperation is due to the need to preserve people’s health by banning tobacco products. At the same time, the closure of the production of tobacco products should not leave a large number of people without work. Since the number of criminal cases may increase due to the lack of employment, which will only harm residential areas. Smoking causes a large number of ethical problems, such as environmental pollution. Smoking gradually leads to the destruction of the ozone layer and the penetration of harmful sunlight, ruining many ecosystems. Deforestation for the cigarette base, as well as cutting tobacco leaves, is also unethical and destroys nature. In addition, smoking is unethical in relation to non-smokers who are forced to inhale the dirty tobacco air that smokers exhale. All this is unethical because it harms people’s lives and worsens the living conditions for future generations. The policy prohibiting the use of tobacco during COVID-19 has advantages and disadvantages. Even though there are disadvantages, the benefits still prevail and make this policy successful and meaningful. It is necessary to preserve human health and the environment. Reference Clancy, L., Gallus, S., Leung, J. & Egbe, C. (2020). Tobacco and COVID-19: Understanding the science and policy implications . Tobacco Induced Diseases, 18 (105), 1-4. Web.