ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The selected region for conducting the study for the final assignment is regarding Mount Diablo, which is located near the town of Danville, California. This essay includes a description regarding an assortment of geologic proceedings that have transpired in the region. Apart from this one of the geographical features are selected and explained. General Scenario on Mount Diablo “Mount Diablo occupies a unique geographical position”. (About mount Diablo, n.d., para.1). The position is situated on the margin of the Bay Area and the Central Valley This is “one of the largest view sheds” that is found in the Western parts of United States (About mount Diablo, n.d., para.1). This Mount is about 3,864 feet (1,178m). Approximately 20,000 acres (80km 2 ) constitute the surrounding area of Mount Diablo. This is said to be foremost public open space and presently there are nearly twenty-nine preserves. Some of preserves include watersheds, regional parks, etc. There are also some private protected lands present in this region. The area gets more popular in winter as residents in this area will get a chance to experience the snowfall that falls on the mountain. In addition to this mountain offers an affluent multiplicity of “landscapes, views, hikes, and natural studies” (Baston, 1996, para.1). An assortment of geologic proceedings that have occurred in the region “People who don’t know much about geology often think that Mount Diablo must be a volcano given its shape and its name, but it is a complexly folded and uplifted body of mixed rocks whose history is not easily summarized and is still under study” (Mount Diablo, California, USA, 2008, para.1). However, Mt. Diablo is considered to be one of the best-known landmarks in California and its details of origin always been a great mystery. In order to understand about the geologic events occurred in this region it is necessary to look far beyond on the mountain. Nearly two hundred million years ego it is believed that the floor of the ocean began to “slide like a giant conveyor belt beneath the western edge” (Werminskin, 1993, para.3) of the continent. This process is called subduction and “material “riding” on the oceanic plate was scraped off on the continental edge, or stuffed under it” (Werminskin, 1993, para.3). These scrapings are called mélange which forms the upper part of Mount Diablo. Between the mélange and uplands formed by continents these regions are filled with sea. In times of yore, all regions present in these ranges are under the sea. More overly eighty millions ego it is said that giant reptiles are present in these regions. Then after that all these regions are gnarled back into the sea. As these times passed many kinds of living species lived and died here. Some of these living species remain in the beds of these mud and sand. During the last twenty million years ego numerous kinds of rearrangement in geologic forces shows the way to
Insight of “Myth of Lightning, Thunder, and Rain” and “The Chinese Myth of the Immortal White Snake” The Cambodian “Myth of Lightning, Thunder, and Rain” is a narration of a dance symbolized by the fight between the characters, Reamesor and Moni MeKhala. The two protagonists fight over the control of a crystal ball allegedly owned by Moni Mekhala (Takayama 272). The Chinese Myth of the “Immortal White Snake” is about a boy named Xu Xian who bought some “Tangyuan” from Lu Dongbin, who is among the eight immortals. Xu Xian did not know that the pills were immortal, and after eating them, he was not hungry for three days. He goes back to Lu Dongbin, where he is made to vomit the drugs and gets hungry again. The two myths have a religious basis characterized by fictional beliefs explaining the mystery of the universe. Characters portray emotionally supernatural powers of nature, gods, and goddesses. The stories revolve around magic, for example, Moni Mekhala’s crystal ball and Xu Xian’s pills (Takayama 270). The two tales are taught in the past tense and have a moral lesson for the audience. Value of Using and Explaining the World through Myths and Parables Myths and parables were the cradles for western civilization and are applicable in modern societies in defining the consequences of making wrong decisions. Characters in mythological tales teach morality and antagonism and shape contemporary social, political, and economic ideas. Current critical topics of climate change, social changes, and technology feature mythological tale styles. The narratives and tales are relevant to the many topics of today. Modern action movies also act mythological stories and report high sales because they are in demand. The myths share common elements of intense symbolism, a stylistic device used to address current issues (Takayama 265). Myths develop the other stories for the contemporary narrative genres. Myths are relevant today because they fulfill the purpose of entertaining and educating people, which are some of their main functions. Work Cited Takayama, Keita. “Imagining East Asian Education Otherwise: Neither Caricature, nor Scandalization.” Asia Pacific Journal of Education , vol. 37, no. 2, 2017, pp. 262-274.
Participant observation is where the researcher actively involves themselves directly in studying the population or indirectly by disguising themselves. From numerous social studies that have been conducted, the method has been widely used as it is considered one of the effective methods which can be used to unearth information from a community. However, the technique has been marred with several challenges, which affects its ability to obtain accurate information that can be used for decision making. During the entire study, it was realized that despite the numerous techniques adopted to minimize the challenges of the method, there are still loopholes that pose potential threats. Usually, there is an assumption that respondents are objects that provide answers accurately without considering that they are indeed humans who are prone to errors and bias. As a participant-observer, people have to face different challenges (Arango & Miller, 1985). For instance, every researcher would want to conduct a study free from any biasness; however, internal noise such as anger and anxiety often affect the process of the research. This usually happens when people tend to suppress personal responses such as the humanness of an individual. As this happens, the study’s objective can be challenging to meet since there is internal fear that the survey’s outcome can be jeopardized. The dilemma in observing boundaries in everything is usually considered a potential source of threat to participant observation, as it may be challenging to determine if the information included is unwanted or essential. Although Arango and Miller (1985) advocate for a selective as opposed to inclusive data, and Becker and Geer (1957) support this by illustrating that participant observation promotes precision in understanding certain words, it is usually challenging to determine which data can be helpful for the project under investigation. Additionally, there is no single description of an object being investigated in the field mainly because multiple descriptions originate from an observational perspective. Therefore, participant observation is affected by numerous challenges that can at times make it unrealizable even though some techniques have been designed to tackle the challenges. Although participant observation is anxiety-provoking and frustrating, it offers a fulfillment experience that can never be felt with technology and the interview process. However, it should be redefined to incorporate both individuals and the deployed method (Hockey & Forsey, 2020). In most cases, it usually focuses on the technique and the problem; thus, it is easy to manipulate without the researc
Governments have assured people that they are ready to handle disasters when they strike. We may classify government disaster preparedness into five categories as planning, exercise, training, equipment, and statutory authority. The first instant of government response to disaster involves the local government. Planning responses to emergency and disaster like Hurricane Katrina of 2005 is necessary and involves several steps. Local governments have learnt that an onset of a disaster is not ideal time to start planning. It must know well in advance what to do when disaster strikes. For instance, response to Hurricane Katrina involved planning what to do, how to do it, what equipment to use, how can and they will assist. Planning occurs in advance. Therefore, government has developed a comprehensive methodology known as Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) for use and planning for disasters. Government can scale up or down EOP with regard to particular disaster or community needs. EOP can handle several of disaster response and recovery (Coppola, 2007). Regimen always exercises as a part of preparedness in response to emergency situations. Exercise occurs as defined in the EOP allowing people participating in the response process practice their roles and responsibility before an actual disaster strikes. Exercise helps to identify problems in the plan during non-emergency situations. The crew will have enough time to tackle the problems before the actual disaster occurs in order to eliminate unnecessary setbacks. Exercise introduces individuals and agencies participating in response to their services. Pre-disaster introduction enables the officials to call right people in time of needs. Government must train in readiness for emergency. During rescue process, the official put their lives in danger. Therefore, adequate training for the response team is mandatory. Insufficiently trained response personnel can contribute to the possibility of a secondary emergency or disaster, and further strain inadequate resources. The first teams to respond among local government team are mainly police, emergency medical departments and fire services. These groups have basic training in handling all manner of emergency. The US has centralized training facilities where response teams get training at the local levels (McEntire, 2007). Manufacturers have developed special equipment to assist in response, and recovery in emergency situations. These items help to reduce the number of casualties, damages to property, injuries and deaths. These items provide safety to the response teams in order to protect their lives. The only problem is that response items are not always adequate as we witnessed during response to Hurricane Katrina. In major disasters, there is great disparity of what is available and what the response teams need in order to respond adequately. Some of the items the US government mobilized during Hurricane Katrina included vehicles of all sorts, devices such as fire extinguisher, chemicals and access equipment. The final stage in the US government disaster preparedness is the stat
For companies that operate in creative industries, the presence of new and innovative ideas that capture the attention of consumers is a must. The same has been true for Company X, and its managers have been successful in facilitating the creative potential of their employees. One of the most critical elements for achieving success in business is being customer-focused. Company X offers its consumers a means for visual entertainment. However, in order to be customer-oriented, the company needs to prioritize the comfort and motivation of its employees because it is the ordinary artists and graphics professionals who are accountable for the quality of an end-product. Therefore, for Company X, caring for its employees has been a method of focusing on customers. The company’s success can be explained by the fact that the organization has valued the visions and aspirations of all workers. Organizational culture is a reflection of the priorities and values of a company. It seems that a mix of adhocracy, adaptability, and person culture has been at the core of Company X’s practices. Adhocracy is the opposite of bureaucracy – while the latter puts strict limitations on the responsibilities and capacities of employees, adhocracy takes a liberal approach (Driskill, 2018). In this culture, employees are encouraged to be creative and share their vision with other team members and managers. Person culture means that an employee is viewed not as a means for achieving organizational objectives but as an indivisible part of that company (Driskill, 2018). That is why ordinary employees are called associates instead of being called subordinates. Company X has also shown adaptive readiness – the company is ready to change its direction if a favorable and sound idea is proposed by an employee. This attitude creates a necessary space for innovation and revolutionary products. Reference Driskill, G. W. (2018). Organizational culture in action: A cultural analysis workbook . Routledge.
Topic explanation: in the business or organisational context, culture is described as a set of shared values, norms and beliefs that the people of the organisation have adopted to adhere to in their daily tasks and interactions. In other words, culture entails what people are expected to do or the way they are expected to behave in order to fit in the organisation and progress peacefully. The role of a leader is to influence others and direct them towards accomplishing a certain objective that will result in the progress of the organisation (House et al 1999, p. 172). Business is turning global and culture is shaping the way business is conducted and defines how the people in business act. Leaders are products of their culture because they have grown in the organisation or the industry and they have learned and done business in that culture (Camberon et al, 2010, p. 14). As such, culture helps leaders to acquire and apply this values, ethics, skills, knowledge and beliefs. Academic Link: culture enables business leaders to perform their fundamental executive duties. This is what guides their ability to identify a problem, define that problem, devise a resolution strategy, allocate resources accordingly, monitor its solution process, and evaluate the solution. A leader cannot actually fit in all these diverse cultures. However, research by GLOBE suggest that a leader can learn to build bespoke leadership attributes that are uniquely set to meet the objectives of the organisation where they leader works (House et al 1999, p. 172). The GLOBE studies among other numerous and reliable researches have demonstrated that there are some unique characteristics that are expected from the leaders, some things that leaders allowed or may not be allowed to do, and the authority or status bestowed on the leaders vary greatly because of cultural factors in the different businesses of organisations (House et al, 1999, p. 172). This is why there are variation like; American value authority and would appreciate a leader who empowers them, gives them autonomy and entrust responsibilities to workers. Manager example: over the years, there has been an increase in the number of tools that enable leaders to assess their leadership skills against a continuum of characteristics of varying personalities, competencies, and culture perceptions (Daglish & Miller , 2010, p. 21). Personality evaluation tools are important for managers as they enable them to know themselves and will work to improve their management skills to tailor them towards effective execution of the organisational structure (Camberon et al, 2010, p. 15). As a manager, it is important that the leader is able to communicate the organisation goals and objectives to the employees and organising them into a team. If a Manager can be able to understand the organisation culture very well to influence others, then that manager will be in a better position to manipulate the working environment like in the banking sector hence dramati
Introduction Research has been defined in different contexts to mean an inquiry into a subject. The Cambridge Advanced learner’s Dictionary (2003) defines research as “a detailed study of a subject, especially in order to discover new information or reach a new understanding”. According to Word Net it entails “attempt to find out something in a systematically and scientific manner” or as a “systematic investigation to establish facts”. It is thus an intellectual activity of investigation with such objectives as discovery, interpretation or a refreshment of human knowledge on various subjects. Subjects can be life circumstances, people or disciplines. in understanding human growth and development the pre-school studies, research remains a vital instrument. It forms the basis for understanding humans from his/her earliest age with the aim of providing informed decisions for positive enhancement of capacity. In this field, researchers employ a variety of methodologies in gathering useful data. These include randomized trials in curriculum or program development, empirical tests which are evidence-based and with proven professional wisdom of judgment, objective measures in studies, among a contingent of complex and collaborative methods. Main body Researchers employ quasi-experimental methods, correlation studies and case studies in studying the pre-school children and their immediate learning environment environments entailing that studies that are further modelled to provide a framework for implementation of early childhood programs. It should however be noted that these models are spatial specific. They may work well in given regions or circumstances and otherwise in a different region. The insinuation that research in early childhood education has no value may be analyzed in the context of its history, benefits and implications in former, current and future developments in the sector. Research in early childhood studies falls mostly within development psychology pioneered by Jean Piaget, socio-cultural theories associated with Lev Vygotsky, behaviourist, constructivist and maturational theories. These theories have adopted different approaches in explaining development in children with a measure of success prior to the mid twentieth century. Stakeholders however suggest that there has been a marked redundancy in furthering research work. There is a general laxity in educational research by those to which the responsibility is bestowed. Implementers are also reported to act on models and programs in which their origin they have little or no clue about (Piaget, 2001). This partly explains the reduced confidence in the value of research. By and large, the merits should be noted to surpass these unfortunate setbacks. With increased positive research in early childhood studies, academic achievements have been registered. Academic achievements have been or the rise as a result of implementing researched modules in early childhood. The behavioural trans
Discussion There were two separate incidents that involved the naval army of North Vietnam and the United States of America in the waters of the Gulf of Tonkin in 1964. In the first attack, North Vietnam’s torpedo boats engaged the U.S Maddox (DD-731) in response to alleged U.S equipment of the South Vietnams commando raids on the coast. A few days later, a second engagement with North Vietnam’s vessels claim was communicated to the headquarters. The allegation of which was later concluded to be incorrect. This prompted Johnson to ask Congress to pass ‘The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution which resulted in escalated U.S involvement in the Vietnam War. The Gulf of Tonkin incident pushed the United States of America to direct involvement in the Vietnam War. The U.S’s initial intention for deploying its vessels in The Gulf of Tonkin was to monitor North Vietnam’s forces and aiding the South Vietnamese naval raids into the North Vietnams territory. This led North Vietnam to engage the U.S warship using small tornado boats in retaliation in August 1964. It was reported that the U.S vessel was not hit but the vessel crew managed to destroy one boat and damaged two. A few days later, the crew of the warship misread their radar and believed that they were once again under attack. Under the circumstances, they fired randomly and communicated the engagement to authorities in Washington. In their assessment, the vessel commander and the senior naval officer concluded and reported that the Maddox was not attacked. Still, the U.S government insisted on proof of the second engagement. President Lyndon Johnson went ahead and authorized retaliatory attacks against North Vietnam despite there being no proof of the attack. As a result of the raids, Lieutenant E. Alvaret was held as a prisoner as the first U.S prisoner of war by North Vietnam. President Johnson took advantage of this incident to seek congressional authority to allow him to act. In President Johnson’s address to convince congress, he reported that North Vietnam had made a second deliberate attack on the U.S vessel and that he ordered air action against the aggressors. Two U.S aircraft were destroyed and substantial North Vietnamese facilities were damaged. He asked Congress for a resolution to enable the U.S to safeguard freedom and peace in Southeast Asia. He reminded Congress of the U.S commitment in the area made by President Eisenhower in 1954 and later defined in the Southeast Asia Collective defense treaty in 1955. The treaty allows the U.S and allies permission to act against any communist aggression of the parties. He informed Congress that the aim was to safeguard the future of Southeast Asia and assist them to resist aggression. He described the North Vietnamese subversive campaign in the area which violated the Geneva accord f