ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Every new business project is a complicated issue that includes a set of factors that should be considered to create the basis for the evolution of a firm and its success. This statement is also applicable to the case Eli Lilly: Recreating Drug Discovery for the 21st Century. It revolves around the concept of tailored pharmaceutics that presupposes personalized medicine and its distribution among specific target populations. Analysis of the case assumes the investigation of the current vision and mission of the company, strategies employed to achieve success, and models that can help to guarantee further growth. Main body The prior mission of the discussed firm is the implementation of the idea of personalized pharmaceutics into the functioning of the given company. The primary cause preconditioning the need for this change is the increasing pressure the sector has been experiencing since 2008. Under these conditions, the demand for the new approach preconditioned research in the sphere and formulation of a new mission. Because of the significant impact of genetic profiling on effects caused by drugs and responses that emerge in patients, the current vision presupposes the creation of the paradigm that considers the unique peculiarities of clients and provides them with the best possible options. The mission is to achieve success and set a ground for the further rise of the firm. The Marketing Mix framework proves the existence of multiple opportunities associated with the given approach. The product, or personalized drugs, will possess unique qualities differentiating it from similar offerings in the market and potential for occupying the niche that remains uncovered by other companies. As for the price, the higher cost of the product might demand additional investment that should be discussed with stakeholders because of the absence of similar experience in the given field. However, the higher costs of the product will be compensated by its increased effectiveness. As for the place, the strategic shift happens at the correct time as some of the company’s most popular drugs face clients’ expiration, and there is a need for new measures. It means that the application of a new approach is vital to support the company and replace old offerings with new, more effective, and popular ones. Promotion activities include attempts to popularise the product among the target audience. As for personalized pharmaceutics, the company encourages the collection of information about clients’ preferences and traits. For this reason, there are multiple options for the promotion of a new generation of drugs among these groups by appealing to qualities that will be appreciated by patients. Finally, as for the segmentation, targeting, and positi
Introduction A change, be it of government, policy or of any other parameter, is superfluous if it does not contribute positively towards the development of the people, country, or the world at large. While a change resembles death based on its inevitability, it surprises much to realize that those people who later reject it are the ones who play the most significant role of bringing it. Changes are good but not all are necessary. The issue of the partitioning of India into India and Pakistan in 1947 was a change that was unnecessary based on the reasons that fuelled it as well as the evident outcomes of the change. India was under the British colony and based on the insensitivity of its colonizer’s policies to the Indians, they sought to force them to quit their country. Before then, the Indians, despite their varied social, political, and religious diversity, lived with unity where they judged each other, not based on these parameters, but based on the content of their people’s characters. Therefore, as the paper unfolds, since the partition of the country led to a significant reduction of per capita land, which on the other hand affected both the agricultural and industrial developments, it suffices to declare it unnecessary since the combined effects left the countries economically disabled. The partition for India was not necessary based on its impact to the economy, not only of India, but also of the world at large. A necessary change must, in one way or another, change the economy for the better otherwise it is unnecessary like the case of India partitioning, which left the economy disintegrated. In fact, “Per capita availability of land went down after the partition” (Gopal & Bhatt 2006, 115). The reasons for the partition were merely cultural and religious where the Muslims and Christians wanted to be treated as separate entities, which was the reason behind the British divide and rule system. All these reasons had nothing to do with the growth of the Indian economy. In fact, under the British colonialism, Muslims segregated themselves from the colonial rule; actually, they declined any attempt to learn English. On the other hand, Muslim’s opponents, Hindus, got better chances in the government as they were committed to learn. The Muslims felt that the British favored Hindus and this misconstrued perception was a major contributor to the partition. On the other hand, Hindu adherents opposed the slaughtering of cows for common use for Hindu adores cows as their gods and slaughtering a one amounts to an abomination. Before one reach
Introduction Over 200 million gallons of oil leaked from the Macondo well in the Mexican Gulf in 2010. The oil surged from about 5,000 feet under the ground forming underwater clouds of oil and slicks on both the surface and ocean floor. The range of oil contamination in the Gulf of Mexico implied that there was a possibility of the spillage causing adverse effects on the ecosystem and marine life in the area (Jernelov 353-357). Actually, numerous skeletons of vertebrates and invertebrates have been found in the region. Their death is associated with the oil spillage since the region had not recorded such a vast number of deaths before the spillage. Claims that the number of deaths of the marine animals and plants in the region is underrepresented have emerged, implying that it is higher than what is actually known today. One of the living things that were highly affected by the oil spillage is the dolphins (Jernelov 360). The spillage affected the population dynamics of the dolphins in the region. It affected the breeding rate of the dolphins thus leading to reduction in the number of these wonderful animals in the region. Besides, most of the dolphins died due to diseases and lack of food because of the oil spillage. The spillage interrupted the natural growth of marine plants in the region as well as development of other fish species. These fish species and plants act as the major sources of food for the dolphins (Jernelov 361). Oil spillage affected the dolphins both directly and indirectly. The direct effects included ingestion of contaminated food, which resulted in death and serious illnesses. The indirect cases involved measures taken by the government and oil companies to curb oil spillage in the area. Some of the response activities affected the life of dolphins in the Gulf of Mexico. Apart from affecting the dolphins and other marine lives, the oil spillage adversely affected the fishing activity in the region. The Gulf of Mexico is popular for supplying seafood to many parts of the world. Nevertheless, the spillage led to contamination of the seafood in the region calling for closure of fishing activities in the region (Jernelov 366). This paper will focus on the effects of oil spillage on dolphins and fishing activities in the Gulf of Mexico. Effects of oil spillage on dolphins Reduction in aquatic plants and preys Dolphins depend on aquatic plants and other fish species for food. According to a study conducted along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico, it was found that the spillage led to the reduction of the food available for dolphins in the region. It affected the food chain for the dolphins making them weak. Besides, the spillage led to reduction in the number of preys available for dolphins thus affecting their breeding process (Williams et al. 228). The incidence occurred at a period when t
Mark Twain House and Glessner House The Mark Twain House, built by Tucker in 1873, is a clear example of the Gothic Revival architecture, popular in the second half of the nineteenth century (McAlester 609). The identifying features of such buildings are a “steeply pitched roof, usually with steep cross cables, … windows commonly [extening] into gables… [and] having pointed arch shape” (McAlester 609). The Mark Twain House has these attributes and features rounded and square windows that extend into gables, an asymmetrical and cross-gabled roof, flattened arches, and lavish decoration of the vergeboards (see fig. 1). The first story has one entry, which is also a typical sign of the Gothic Revival. This building’s subtype is the asymmetrical Gothic Revival because of its variety of gables and their complex shape and size. Fig. 1. Mark Twain House, 1873 (Rettberg). The Glessner House by Richardson, created in 1886, presents an entirely different stylization of a house. Although the buildings are only 13 years apart, their appearances do not have that much in common. Decorations, primarily used in the Gothic Revival, are absent from the exterior of this building. It is closer to a Queen Anne style, namely Free Classic with a hipped roof (see fig. 2). With its “ shallow rectangular window[s] over main window[s] ” and “ gables … [projecting] … beyon
Introduction This paper discusses Adam Smith’s theories on economics, which for a long time have remained a starting point for a discussion on economic development. Both nations and individuals rely on some of Adam’s economic tenets in formulating economic policies. Leaders of movements that shaped the development of modern capitalism also relied on Smiths’ theories. It is clear that some of his ideas have not survived the test of time, but those he brought out in the “wealth of nations” had a great influence on the formulation of modern economic theory. He defended free-market policies, emphasizing that this opens up markets to competitions which facilitate economic development. Adam is credited with having given the theoretical threshold or ideas that augmented the industrial revolution. Smith points out that the greatest asset a nation should rely on for development is labor and not money. He also indicates that competition, which is an outcome of specialization and division of labor, improves productivity and innovation. Specialization and division of labor, promulgated in his works, later became central pillars of the industrial revolution. Market forces influence producers to provide the market with the right products. Producers want their products to fetch a profit and be the most preferred in the market. As a result, they come up with strategies to develop and produce the best products that would be preferred thus fetching more in terms of profits and customer appreciation. In Adam Smith’s view, the government need not intervene in bringing down the prices to a level that consumers can afford. Rather the situation should be left to market forces. As companies try to outsell one another; prices of their produces are reduced to the minimum as the sales are increased. Adam Smith on Moral Judgment In his view, we must all be involved in the critical decision-making process and not take the position of an impartial spectator (Cockfield & Firth, 2007, p. 71). Smith critically analyzed passion, instincts, and sentiments of human beings and their effects on the economy. Smith argued that human moral empathy is a complex matter that describes a person’s ability to sympathize with and feel for others in a given situation. He points out that only human beings have moral judgment si
Introduction The practicum was designed to teach the staff of the 4West General Medicine unit about the importance of preventing falls among patients. Research indicates that most nurses and medical staff are not aware of the facts regarding falls and their consequences on the affected patients (Haas et al., 2012). The sessions commenced by the administration of a test to the departmental employees to test their understanding of the topic on falls. Initially, my teaching activities were met with mixed reactions with some nurses arguing that I was wasting their time while others claimed I was introducing new processes that would increase the workload. However, towards the end of the training, I developed a strong bond with the entire workforce, thus illustrating the effectiveness of the training. This paper shall analyze the achievements made during the practicum project and explain how the lessons learned will be applied in the future. Summarize, analyze, and evaluate the practicum experience and the achievement of personal learning objectives from your Practicum Learning Agreement The objective of the practicum were twofold, firstly, I intended to train the nurses and other staff in the department about falls and the best ways to prevent them. Secondly, I wanted to advance my knowledge about falls and utilize the theoretical knowledge I had in a more practical setting. Both objectives were to be achieved contemporaneously and within the timeframe given. Though there were various setbacks to the achievement of the duo targets, I managed to deal with them and prioritized on the agendas. My engagement with the departmental staff, during the practicum, heavily influenced my interpersonal skills. I conducted literature reviews to gain insight on the importance of the topic and the impacts of the prevention strategies adopted. During the reviews, I acquired the following skills:   * Writing skills   * Reading skills   * Thinking skills Moreover, I learned the importance of engaging every staff in major decision-making processes to avert resistance that would result in failure of a strategic endeavor (Nyman, Ballinger, Phillips, & Newton, 2013). The involvement of the nurses in the department helped avert the resistance that was cropping up leading to a consensus about how the implementation process would be accomplished. Lastly, the practicum furthered my understanding of both the qualitative and quantitative methods of conducting medical research. I reviewed both qualitative and quantitative articles in my attempts to gain knowledge regarding falls prevention. Besides, I conducted qualitative research independently to assess the staff’s understanding of the topic. The method involved the use of interviews with the charge nurses and questionnaires for the other staff in the department. Evaluate the effectiveness of the practicum project Most nurses from the unit did not know much about the severity of the condition hence the need to train them on the topic. Falls are attributed to other health issues such as fractures and trauma, which increa
There are several areas in this case study that illustrate relativism. Relativism has been defined as the belief that human beings have their own unique versions of the truth. This simply means that different people have different thoughts about the truth. Willard and Henk interpreted differently what transpired on that day where a supervisor by the name Victor attacked a subordinate. In the end, Willard and Henk came up with different recommendations based on their own thoughts and their own interpretations of the situation. Willard suggests that the company should cover Tommy’s medical bill. According to him, the situation needs to be monitored closely to ensure such an incident never occurs again. On the other hand, Henk believes that Victor’s contract should have been terminated. According to him, both Victor and Tommy were guilty of violating the rules and regulations of the company. However, Victor did not have any right to physically abuse a subordinate. Tommy, on the other hand, should have been wearing the necessary protective gear while working. Willard also recommends that the company should cover Tommy’s medical bill. Relativism is also evident when Willard conducts investigations in close association with Tommy’s team mates. They all seem to conclude that Victor learned his lesson. They believe that he would never repeat such an action in the future since he had personally apologized to Tommy. They also believe that Victor would be in a position to handle such a situation in the future without letting his anger control his feelings. Relativism is also evident when the law department of the company and the external consulting attorney concur that it would have been unlawful to terminate the contracts of both Tommy and Victor. Moral reasoning framework allows managers in businesses, companies, organizations, and other institutions to make sound decisions based on what is right or wrong. The managers or individuals applying this theory must use logic to make their decisions. In this case, Victor should have followed the procedure to make sure that Tommy wore his protective gear while working. Victor acted out of anger and ended up attacking Tommy. It is unethical for a manager or a supervisor to attack a subordinate employee. Victor, in this case, should have acted in a mature manner by reporting Tommy to the company’s administration since he had warned him severally. Tommy did not deserve to be attacked by Victor even though he was on the wrong. Victor had consistently been warning him on the importance of wearing his protective gear while working. If the managers of the company had applied the moral reasoning framework, Victor would have been found guilty of assaulting a subordinate employee. Such behavior is intolerable and Victor should have been automatically relieved of all his duties as the company conducted further investi
Introduction In her short story, “Yoneko’s Earthquake,” Hisaye Yamamoto depicts a few years from the life of a Japanese immigrant girl, Yoneko Hosoume. This story comprises many hidden details which one may identify while delving into family conflicts and hints of secret romantic relationships as seen through the eyes of the ten-year-old girl. However, one of the main problems depicted in the short fiction is human spirituality and religiousness. Readers can trace Yoneko’s journey from her first attempts to explore Christianity and God towards the moment she became a “free-thinker” (Yamamoto 46). Based on this, in the present essay, I would like to investigate how a person’s spiritual quest can be affected by external circumstances and provide my perspective on how both religiousness and “free-thinking” can change one’s ability to cope with uncontrollable and adverse events in life. Main body Yoneko became really interested in religion for the first time with the help of Marpo, who assisted the girl’s parents in the fields, planting and harvesting crops. Along with an inherent interest she had in learning about Christianity and God, this young man’s personality, which seemed to fascinate Yoneko, could be one of the important factors that contributed to her enthusiasm in becoming a believer. It is clear that the girl and her little brother, Seigo, liked to spend time with Marpo as he was a man of multiple hidden talents: “she and Seigo visited with Marpo at least once a day and both of them regularly came away amazed with their findings” (Yamamoto 46). Yoneko trusted Marpo and thus had tremendous faith in everything he taught her about Christianity. Nevertheless, the earthquake that took place on March 10, 1993, substantially changed the girl’s view of God and a playful attitude towards religious inquiries. The event was shocking for Yoneko, and she was “in constant terror during this experience” (Yamamoto 51). As almost any religious person would do, she addressed God asking for help, and begged him to end the earthquake. However, since her requests and prays were not responded in a way she wanted, Yoneko became suspicious and, within the course of a few days, she became very critical about God, deciding that he was either “powerless, callous, downright cruel, or nonexistent” (Yamamoto 51). Considering that Yoneko was an innocent and immature girl, her way of thinking and reaction is easy to understand. As a child, I also had a very naive attitude to God and liked to make deals with the Universe. Of course, compared to Yoneko’s case, there were no such big and terrifying events in my life as natural disasters, which I could use to test my faith. I
William Shakespeare is one of the greatest creators in the history of mankind. His activities can not be limited to a single sphere because he dealt with plenty of subjects and succeeded in any field. William Shakespeare lived and worked in England in the 16 – 17th centuries during the period when such kinds of art as theatre, literature, poetry, and some others were at the highest point of their development. William Shakespeare is known for his works as a playwright, writer, theatre actor, and, of course, as a talented author of sonnets. His poetical legacy amounts to over several hundred sonnets which are considered to be the real masterpieces of world literature for their picturesqueness and the real poetic gift they were written with. And the sonnet under consideration is not an exception to this rule. Sonnet 141 is one of the greatest creations by this famous English artist. To begin the commentary of this sonnet, let us say that all the sonnets by Shakespeare are dedicated to the single but, at the same time, the most important topic – the topic of love. They are all full of stylistic devices such as epithets, metaphors, and picturesque comparisons that make them very pleasant matters to read. Sonnet 141 is also dedicated to the topic of love to a woman that does not notice the love of a man. But this is a rather strange love, which is proved by the very first lines of the sonnet. The author admits that there is nothing in the appearance of this woman that could make a man fell in love with her, but nevertheless, he states that he loves her: In faith, I do not love thee with mine eyes, For they in thee a thousand errors note; But ’tis my heart that loves what they despise, Who in spite of view is pleased to dote; In these lines, we can see that the author does not understand what is happening to him because he loves a woman and does not know the reason for it. Eye of his beloved person does not seem to him charming, her voice is not the sweetest for him, and he can not make out what is going on: Nor are mine ears with thy tongue’s tune delighted, As well these words display the sorrow the author felt because of this feeling. His love for this woman can not be explained, and, moreover, that woman does not feel the same towards him; she just does not understand how strong the feelings of the author might be: Dissuade one foolish heart from serving thee, Who leaves unswayed the likeness of a man*, It can be seen that the author begs either to answer his feeling or to release him from the pains of unrequited love as it brings him nothing but sorrow. But the final line evidence that he lies when he asks her to dissuade him; in the last four lines of the sonnet under consideration, we can see the real state of the author, we can picture the inner conflict of the author’s personality who is being torn apart by the absolutely opposite feelings.