ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Events in the recent past have brought into sharp focus media ethics and emerging problems facing the media industry. Specifically, the difference between liberal journalism and violation of acceptable media norms has come under spotlight in the recent past. It is imperative to note that the access to information has been opened up by new technologies, and the propagation of democratic ideals such as the individual’s right to self expression. While such a phenomenon is good for democratic governance, the morality behind liberal broadcasting has been critically questioned especially in situations that involve war. In the recent past, the media has been awash with disturbing images of tortured and dying tyrants such as Muammar Gaddafi. This has generated mixed reactions from various quarters especially within the media. There are those who feel that broadcasting Gaddafi’s images is indecorous and violates his dignity and individual right to privacy. This implies that his final moments ought to have been treated with as much privacy as possible. Yet, others feel that other than his death being the best outcome of Libya liberation movement, having his images splashed for public show is in appreciation of the violent nature of the war and that those images gratifies the victims of tyrannical leadership. Though I concede that the death of Muammar Gaddafi is a justified outcome of Libya’s liberation war, in his final moments, the media ought to have given him the privacy he rightly deserved. The display of Muammar Gaddafi’s dead body by the media smacks of ignorance of the basic tenets of ethical journalism; that people in their final moments deserve as much privacy as possible. The fact that the media, buoyed by the new found journalistic freedom, has found it impossible not to publish Gaddafi’s dying moments does not justify the presence of Gaddafi’s gross images in both print and broadcast media. Even though the images of Gaddafi’s final moments had a warning that they were possibly offensive, the mere act of publishing them ignored major ethical issues regarding journalism and the treatment of the dying. These include the distress caused to unsuspecting viewers and his close relatives, that each individual deserves privacy in their final moments and that and that displaying such images goes against the grain of journalistic etiquette (Lawson, 2011). Amidst the debate on such ethical violation is the plight of Gaddafi’s family members and close friends. These two, were most affected by his death. Yet the images of his body being dragged, tortured, maimed and rotting added to their anguish of loosing a beloved person. Broadcasting such gross content underlies the failure by media councils to make the media accountable for its actions (Herman, 1996). Despite the fact that Gaddafi was a tyrant, for the sake of journalistic ethos and the plight of his f
Jean Margaret Laurence was a Canadian fiction writer known for her short stories and captivating novels. She usually wrote about the life of African and Canadian people. The major qualities of her work reflect the life and the social world. In The Fire-Dwellers , the major character, Stacey MacAindra, is a very strong person, mother of four children, a doer, who is critical to the expected behavioral norms. In her story, Laurence uses common places and everyday aspects of the social scene to reflect life. She effectively uses the allegory of the symptomatic medicines to show dull and predictable life in ordinary experiences. The characters suffer from self-doubt, search for love, attempts to make changes, and in the end achieve a small degree of success. The meeting with Valentine Tonnerre helps to underline that, regardless of the events, some people still can resist situations to find occasional joy and beauty in everyday life. Before the meeting with Valentine Tonnerre, Stacey thinks that her problems are something she cannot cope with. She tries to resist and not to accept the ideas of being an ideal mother and wife as everybody expects, “Okay, so I’m trying to justify myself. Earlier, I was worried sick in case that kid was one of mine. Now, look. Why? What if I hit one of them too hard sometime, without meaning to? Am I monster?” (Laurence 20) Stacey is ready to fight and combine social expectations with her preferences. However, everything changes after Stacey meet Valentine Tonnerre walking in downtown Vancouver. Now, Stacey’s situation does not appear to be so frustrating and pitiful to her. Her expectations are less confusing in comparison to Valentine’s, which is all about poverty, alcoholism, and prostitution.
Introduction The world has experienced an exponential growth in its energy demands over the course of the last century. This demand is expected to increase as the world’s population raises and the standards of living for people in the developing nations increase. The demand has put a strain on traditional sources of energy such as fossil fuel. Nuclear energy has emerged as a feasible alternative to renewable energy and most of its advocates argue that it is the only means through which sustainable development can be achieved in an energy intensive world. However, nuclear energy poses significant danger to the society especially if an accident in a power plant occurs. Khripunov notes that accidents at nuclear power facilities pose numerous risks since they affect systems that society depends on such as healthcare, transportation, and environment (19). This dangers posed by nuclear energy plants were best exemplified following the devastating Chernobyl accident of 1986. The accident led to the release of radioactive material to the population with various health implications. This paper will engage in a detailed discussion on the health effects of the Chernobyl nuclear accident so as to demonstrate that nuclear energy poses a significant threat to human existence. The Chernobyl Accident The Chernobyl nuclear power station accident is the most devastating nuclear accident in history. The accident took place during a planned systems text when an unexpected power surge led to the damage of a reactor leading to an explosion. This incident resulted in severe contamination of vast territories of the former USSR and other parts of Europe as radionuclide releases were spread by winds for over one week (Chudley 221). The nuclear accident in Chernobyl in 1986 demonstrated the risk that nuclear power generation poses to mankind. Reports indicate that the amount of radiation fallout from the Chernobyl accident was over 400 times that caused by the atomic bomb detonation at Hiroshima (Chudley 221). The massive explosion that destroyed the react led to six million people from Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia being exposed to radioactive contamination (Chudley 221). Health Impacts of Nuclear Energy Direct Health Impacts Exposure to radiation from nuclear energy sources increases the risk of cancer. The risk of developing thyroid cancer following exposure to nuclear radiations increased with a decrease in the age of the subject. Younger individuals are therefore more likely to develop thyroid carcinogenesis after X-ray exposure than more mature people are. After the Chernobyl accident, an increase in thyroid cancer was found in children exposed to fallout from the accident (Baverstock and Dillwyn 1312). As of the year 2000, the number of individuals who suffered from thyroid Cancer due to exposure as children had reached 2,000. This number increased to 4,000 in the years 2005 (Baverstock and Dillwyn 1312). This observati
Introduction There has been a tug of war going on between the students, parents, teachers, school administration,and the community as well as policy makers about the issue of school uniform. Some prefer to implement the use of school uniform citing various benefits such as improvement of discipline in schools while others see the whole issue of school uniform as a cover up of failed social issues in a school community. This has left the field open for discussion among all the stakeholders. Some schools enforce use of school uniform while others are not of the opinion. Others have simply opted to the use of particular dress codes instead. Do school uniforms improve discipline and motivation for better education?This is the question that many people would like to get answers for and this paper discusses the importance of school uniform with the aim of showing that if it is implemented it will significantly contribute to upholding of discipline. A wide variety of examples are given to illustrate the significance of using school uniform. School uniform School uniform is the kind of clothes that are specially tailored with similar color and type for students in order to maintain uniformity in a school setting. The use of school uniform has generated a lot of heat both at the school, community and also at the political arena. Proponents and opponents have taken stands on either side arguing whether or not to have school uniform in schools. Some schools prefer having the uniform, others prefer use of dress codes, yet others prefer doing without the uniform at all (Peterson 1): “In Miami, 196 of the 328 public schools require uniforms this year, more than twice as many as last year; in Cleveland, two-thirds of the public schools have adopted uniforms” (Lewin 1).Both sides may have valid reasons for their claims but a closer look at the issue clearly indicates that there are way too many benefits which will accrue from using the school uniform than not. Discipline at School Discipline is one of the most important aspects of learning that contribute a lot to the overall performance of students. Schools that maintain high degree of discipline are also likely to realize excellent performance. Opponents claim that school uniform has nothing to do with discipline but they need to understand that students are at the ‘prime mind modeling stage’of their lives whereby it is very easy to influence them either way. Discipline comes with good behavior of the students and one of the best ways to promote good behavior is to implement school uniform. It has been claimed that “students do not feel that school is a
Introduction The behavior and performance of an individual are affected to a large extent by the individual’s interaction with the environment. An individual’s performance can only be understood through a particular context in which he or she operates. The context here means the social, cultural, and physical features that function externally to an individual. This means that interaction between an individual and context determines the tasks that fall within his or her performance range. Disability in function is usually seen as an interaction between contextual factors and health conditions. Ecology of Human Performance provides a framework in which the relationship between important factors in the practice of occupational therapy, these are “context, person, tasks, and performance” (Dunn et.al., 1994 p. 1), and the therapeutic interventions are investigated. Case Study In this case study, Mrs. Fuller suffers from low bone mass and a loss in the tissues of the bones, a condition known as osteoporosis that causes weak bones. We are told that Mrs. Fuller operates between their apartment in the city and the country home that is 3 hours drive from the city. She is a retired librarian who now accompanies her husband on business trips. She manages both homes, and she is also a volunteer at a local hospital where she delivers meals. She is a board member of a local women’s shelter. She is a sportswoman who likes playing golf and skiing, and also plays the piano. All these define the context in which Mrs. Fuller operates. She interacts with the environment through all the above. It is known that individuals see their potential tasks through the context. Mrs. Fuller does not just see herself as a skier but as a downhill skier. We can also use occupational therapy to define an individual’s role in life. In this case, Mrs. Fuller is a mother and a wife. These roles are accompanied by various demands. For instance, as a mother and wife, Mrs. Fuller has to attend to household chores, and of late she is complaining of back pain after these chores. She can no longer downhill ski, play golf, and can not play the piano for long hours as she used to. Osteoporosis has placed her in a context that does not support the performance of her abilities. This has made her see the activities that were once important in her life as insignificant. Using EHP, occupational therapists can come up with a variety of interventions to help Mrs. Fuller live her normal life. Many interventions work depending on an individual’s context. The first intervention that Mrs. Fuller needs is, to restore her skills and abilities. It is known that Mrs. Fuller has osteoporosis; therefore, she needs to take a lot of calcium to rest
There are many environmental issues that face all of humankind and require an early solution. Most of them are associated with the consumption of natural resources that are fossil resources such as coal and oil. Their unlimited use endangers humanity’s continued existence and directly harms the environment, polluting it with waste and leading to such effects as global warming (World Meteorological Organization, 2018). This paper’s central thesis is that a so-called carbon tax can help address environmental and other concerns, allowing for better resource use. Despite all attempts to design a new energy source to change the situation, global warming is observed worldwide due to the emission of greenhouse gases, which needs to be regulated. Thus, there is a need to create a global, at least on a national scale, system that would help address the above problems. A theoretical investigation of the environmental and political situation is needed to analyze whether a carbon tax can help. This study will be supported by arguments and evidence from both the creator of this method, Boyce, J.K., and other researchers, as well as a government report. The importance and necessity of taking any measures to correct the current ecological situation are apparent. Due to the industrial revolution and the active use of resources, humanity drastically influenced the weather. The rise in temperature around the world was part of the reason why the 2015 Paris Agreement was established. Its purpose is to regulate measures to reduce carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and curb global temperature rise (Boyce, 2018). However, this particular document does not directly regulate the current situation, which makes it necessary to develop a specialized system. The essence of the problem lies in the active use of natural resources such as oil and coal, which, when burned, emit carbon dioxide. In the chaotic use of these fuels, gases are released into the atmosphere, leading to global warming. The presence of global warming is confirmed by the reports of the intergovernmental group of experts on climate change, thereby destroying the doubts about the existence of this phenomenon (World Meteorological Organization, 2018). The problem has two components: uncontrolled waste of limited resources and the ensuing environmental impact. The basis of this problem is human nature, as well as the availability and gratuitousness of natural resources. If there is some free source, people tend to use it unwisely and illiterately, not considering its limitations and the fact that this resource will end sooner or later (TEDx Talks, 2013). Such attitudes and policies often lead to overuse, which jeopardizes the very existence of a source. Although there is an active development of alternative energy sources, there is no opportunity to abandon fossil resources. Theref
The Role of Social Media in Business: My Favorite Platforms The platforms I consider to be most effective in promoting one’s products and services are:   * Pinterest;   * Instagram;   * Facebook. In my opinion, these three social media platforms have the greatest potential for sharing the information about products or services suggested by a person or an organization. The use of social networking apps for promoting products has several major advantages. The greatest benefit is saving money on advertising. The only resources required are access to the Internet and digital photographs of the things one wants to introduce to the audience. The next advantage is the possibility to increase the circle of customers through inviting more and more people to join, like, or share one’s page or group. One more asset of using social websites in business is that creators can communicate with their customers directly through exchanging messages or reading comments. Overall, using social media for promotion is a highly time-saving and cost-efficient idea. Facebook’s Potential for Product Promotion   * A large number of worldwide visitors;   * Through open graph to social graph: more opportunities;   * Young generation – the Facebook generation;   * Fan page: the essential element of social media campaigns. Facebook presents its users with many opportunities to promote their products and communicate with customers. One of the greatest advantages of choosing this platform for introducing one’s products is that the number of its visitors is very large (Shrivastava, 2013)
Happy Days is a play introduced by Winnie, a middle aged woman buried up to her waist. However, the play does not explain why Winnie is in that position, and for how long she will remain there. Winnie describes how it is another happy day for her, with the sun shining. She expresses her gratitude because she is able to breathe. The play does not reflect realism because Winnie cannot be optimistic of the day, when she is buried in the sand. The play does not suggest a positive character to the audience since Winnie, who speaks of optimism, is stuck at the bottom of the hierarchy of needs. The play does not explain to the audience why Winnie is covered in the sand, and for how long she will stay in that state (Beckett 1994). Although it can be used to create suspense so as to win the audience’s attention and curiosity, the playwright does not answer these questions by the end of the play. This does not reflect realism because the play should depict the real life of the audience. Nevertheless, the play is entitled Happy Days, with the character speaking of a happy day because the sun is shining and she is alive. This indicates that this part of literature was intended to breed optimism in society. However, this cannot be achieved because the audience relates the words of the characters and the situations around them. Winnie is speaking of a happy day when she is soaked in sand. Happiness cannot be identified and reflected by the characters. Therefore, the play does not impact the audience with a sense of optimism, since the characters are in struggles of survival. Theater will improve when literary artists connect words of characters with their situations on stage so as to create originality and realism to the audience. On the other hand, The Three Sisters describes three characters, where one of them is a provincial school head teacher. The second character is the head teacher’s wife, while the third one is non committal to marriage. The trio had a purpose to leave their village and move to Moscow. The three girls, with their brother Andrei, live a dream of returning to Moscow, where they hope that life will be charming and stimulating. From the movie, nothing can surface to replace their hopes of going back to Moscow (Candby 1977). According to the girls, Moscow would change their lifestyles. However, tragedy struck and shuttered their hopes. The play does not fulfill the girls’ dream of landing back in Moscow. This does not reflect optimism since the girls’ hopes were not fulfilled in the play. It also suggests that the play cannot impart optimism to the audience because the characters used did not achieve their dreams. The audience associates itself with characters in the movie, and when they cannot achieve their dreams in the play, the audience will feel the same. Therefore, the two plays do not show optimism because characters used do not point it to the audience. Literature is used as a mirror of communication to society. Characters used in t
At the outset there is always a mystery. We cannot know what a painter brought to painting or what drew him to it. (Homer 130). The flow of time and historical changes or peculiarities cannot but be reflected in the art. The reality of each epoch should be fixed in mankind’s development. In this respect the reason for making visual art based on portraiture can be outlined in a desire of artists to display everything which was connected with a particular time and people living in it. John Singleton Copley is widely known as an American colonial portrait painter. His works inspire visitors of different exhibitions throughout the United States and abroad due to a colorful palette of tones and features. His masterpieces are considered to be a part of the national heritage of the US. Moreover, Copley’s style of painting and the background according to which he was induced to reflect his understanding of portraiture is compared with another portraitist of modern art, namely Lucien Freud. The second painter is an outstanding artist being well-known worldwide for his capability to reflect structural changes in appearance of his character, reminding about great transformations in life styles of humanity on the whole. For the compare/contrast analysis the paper lays emphasis on two works by above-mentioned artists: Portrait of Rebecca Boylston (1767) by Copley and Susie (1988) by Freud. Distinctiveness of details and the pre-text for explanation of masterpieces of art should be analyzed entirely for a growth of peoples’ aesthetic thought. First of all, for the analysis two portraits with the image of a woman were chosen. In this respect it is easier to talk about the implementation of details and their estimation in terms of beauty and grace features. In other words, it is rather interesting to analyze the step-by-step artistic realization of a woman’s image in the form of a portrait. It is the first similarity of both pictures. A viewer at once sees the difference in colors application: in Copley’s work it is quite bright and distinct; Freud, on the other hand, uses elements of blur in contours of main details. However, one also can admit the difference in backgrounds of both portraits. Copley is apt to provide more points on background’s description, so as to make an idea of colonial times and event which preceded and followed that period in the early history