ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Medication Therapy Management (MTM) entails a range of health care services that are provided by pharmacists. The health care services provided under MTM program are geared at optimizing the medical outcomes of individual patients. 1 This implies that the scope of work of pharmacists increases and they can offer services that otherwise could be provided by physicians. For example, pharmacists are involved in preventive medication plans such anticoagulation management, pharmacotherapy consultations, disease management support, and medication safety surveillance. Under MTM services, pharmacists are also involved in other preventive and curative care practices. The implication of MTM is that work pressures on physicians caused by patients going to the emergency room (ER) and doctor’s offices are significantly reduced. Hence, the medication errors that result due to overwork are greatly reduced. There is research evidence that MTM services can lower costs and improve patients’ health. Therefore, if MTN is included in the Integrated Delivery Network (IDN), it will reduce overall health costs and still maintain the positions of the pharmacists. Role of MTM Services in Reducing Costs and Improving Patient’s Health First, the fear that automation of every pharmacy within IDN will lead to pharmacists losing their positions is not right; instead, having MTM services will help sustain the positions of the pharmacists and bring down the cost of health care. It is important to note that under the MTN, there is a shift from the traditional care provision where pharmacists are normally relegated to drug dispensation. MTM services are designed on the recognition that pharmacists can provide a wide range of health care services. For example, through MTM, pharmacists are involved in the assessment of how the patients use drugs and the possibilities of side effects. Also, they participate in enhancing the adherence to the medication; an activity that most of the time has been left to physicians who are not suited to it. The MTN services ensure that pharmacists can manage different states of diseases. In essence, this integrates primary and secondary care activities to the roles of the pharmacists. The range of services provided are immunization, management of diseases, medication safety surveillance, pharmacotherapy, anticoagulation management, application of pharmacogenomics and other related clinical services. Therefore, the new IDN’s robotic machines that will reduce dispensing time by 75% will not take the position of the pharmacists. The dispensation is a small fraction of the broad spectrum services encompassed in the MTN. Instead; there will be a need for more pharmacists. Pharmacists can address the majority of public health priorities due to their nature of interacting with patients. 1 (972) Also, MTN services place pharmacists in a better position to make an impact on health priorities that in turn reduces the cost of health care. This increases efficiency and effectiveness of care delivery
As shown in “Business model: Creating value” (2020), the strategy centers around the 4 pillars:                                                                                                1. Emphasis on people, security, and sustainability while remaining true to the declared strategic values of the organization                                              Strategy pillars   2. Financial flexibility as to means of meeting the funding needs and ensuring the completion of the balance sheet                                                                            3. Optimal investment in the capital expenditure to satisfy the core needs of the movement                                                                                                    4. Updated portfolio of assets which provides a continuous profit, supporting the strategic goals of the company                                                                             The rationale behind the AngloGold Ashanti strategy lays on the following:                                                                                                                     1. Generation of competitive financial returns                                                                                                                             Rationale          2. Allocation of semi-annual dividends to shareholders as a reward with a focus on future growth                                                                                              3. Formation of partnerships with host communities while sharing environments, values, and traditions                                                                                         4. Creation of opportunities for the employees to develop individual skills and boost the collective success of the business, promoting teamwork, autonomy, and innovation                   According to “Business model” (2020), the business operates based on several initiatives used as a direction for all the decision-making processes:                                            1. Eradicating poverty and hunger                                                                                                                                                             2. Contributing to high-quality education and healthcare systems                                                                                                           Initiatives        3. Promoting infrastructure, innovation, and industry in the
As the evolution of human kind is turning into a more sophisticated, advanced, and technological orientation every day, the need to further understand the biological structure of human species is given further attention. The ground-breaking discovery of the Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides medical scientists to carefully observe the biological structure of the infants and children to which they have never done before. Researches on different aspect of human anatomy of infants and children are conducted and being conducted all over the world to provide cure and prevention for different kinds of diseases to which the results offer a future with harmonious life and disease-free environment. This paper will briefly discuss the brain imaging researches conducted and being conducted to infants and children through the use fMRI and will closely look at the ethical issues of subjecting the children into this kind of research. FMRI Researches Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is technological equipment that basically scans images of the brain for proper clinical diagnosis through the use of magnetic resonance. For the purpose of this paper, I have compiled a short list (table below) of fMRI researches executed on infants and children. Most of these researches can be found on the internet such as sciencedaily.com, bri.ucla.edu, nih.gov, cshconnection.org, pediatricsstroke.org, and researchaustralia.com.au. The studies invite infants and children with varying ages to participate and undergo fMRI. Conducted and On-going Researches on Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging on Children Research Title                                                                                                                                                  Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Ages of Participants  Requirements of Participants                                                                              Source Early Language Focal Lesion Study – Project in Cognitive and Neural Development, UCSD                                                                           This study in particular looks at typically developing children and children who have had strokes in-utero or very early in life It would like to show how the brain reorganizes after
Supply Chain Management The company is located in Quebec, Canada from where it would like to globalize their business by selling furniture in Europe. The firm also has some components produced in Asia. From the case, it is understood that the business wants to get involved in the global market which brings about some risk factors associated with it. The analysis below describes 5 risks associated with the business and shows ways to mitigate those. Trading Risk Any global operation of a business would present a high trade risk in a foreign market which includes, but is not limited to, changes in interest rates, exchange rates, tariff barriers, inflation, and so on. Therefore, the perceptive knowledge of the European and Asian economy, strengthening the flow of cash, and avoiding bad debts are the ways to trading risk mitigation for the home company. Political-Legal Risk Political and legal risks in a foreign country are undeniably alarming for the business. Thus, trade laws, changes in political parties or even the economic policies of host countries can be threatening and the home company, therefore, may face personal, financial as well as strategic harm through this. In addition, political riots, instability in the nation, a civil war, abuse in trade agreements, and the extraction of a treaty between countries can become a concern for the home company. The after effects of BREXIT could be considered as an example of such risks. In managing such risks, the Canadian company may seek out opportunities from the available legal provisions in the host countries, financially insure the business, or may also merge with a local company. Knowledge Deficiency Most companies jump into global operation without having adequate knowledge on different significant aspects related to host countries, such as consumer purchasing power, purchasing behavior of people, or the underlying demand for company products. Contemporary industry trends could be considered as important factors of business failure. To combat this risk, the Canadian home company must conduct prior research on the market, customer, and demographic segmentation of Asian or European countries where they want to operate their business. For instance, a research or survey on customer’s preference of the model, type or features of furniture would add a lot of value before starting the operation overseas. Strategic Risk Strategic planning of one country may not match wit
Abstract Organizations are made up of individuals with different beliefs, values and interests. The interactions among members of the organization often lead to disagreements on acceptable beliefs, norms, values or strategies. Thus, conflicts occur when individuals disagree on acceptable values, interests and beliefs (Gala and Garoupa, 2002, pp. 41-65). Conflicts have both positive and negative influences on organizations. Hence, conflict management focuses on minimizing the negative effects of conflict and improving its positive effects. The sources of conflicts include cultural differences, organizational structure and the personality orientations of the employees. It is important to correctly identify the sources of conflicts within an organization in order to enhance conflict management. Cultural conflicts can be reduced by promoting tolerance to cultural differences. Reviewing the organizational structure can help in identifying and resolving conflicts arising within the organization. F
The part of this week’s materials that I found most interesting to learn was the world system or foundations of the modern world. One of the significant points that stood out for me in the materials was the discussion of bubonic plague, its influence on the world, and its intricate distribution pattern. While at first, the topic resonated with relevant problems that society experiences nowadays with an ongoing pandemic, it also provided a major conclusion for me. I think that health, immunity, and the population’s safety are underestimated in modern society. People often prioritize several values associated with capitalism, such as money, power, international relationships, and trade, when health and immunity provide the basis for everyday life. Learning about the contribution of immunity and new pathogens to the age of exploration was an enlightening experience for me. Lastly, another important detail that sparked my interest was that the modernity period is closely associated with the introduction of trade and the capitalist economy. In my opinion, the characteristic of the modernity period emphasizes the importance of informational exchange between different cultures and how capitalistic values motivate the development of society and progress in technologies. I agree with your point about commercial tourism being a discreet threat to cultures and local populations that hides under the mask of benefits. While it may seem that both tourists and locals benefit from tourism, it is unfair
Meal components and where they originated Breakfast Normally I take a cup of coffee and toast for breakfast   * The coffee used in the United States is imported from Brazil, Columbia and Saudi Arabia.   * Sugar is added to coffee to make it sweet. The US imports sugar from several countries that include Columbia, Mexico, Zimbabwe, Switzerland, Germany, Iran and India (Samuelson, 2001).   * Toasts are prepared from wheat, eggs, salt and sugar. The origin of sugar has been stated above, other components are produced locally. Wheat is grown in various parts of the country such as California and Minnesota For dinner I usually have meat, starch, vegetables and desert   * Meat is produced locally   * Most vegetables are grow locally, though some may come from far way states, for instance, lettuce is grown in California. Tomatoes can come from as far as Mexico.   * Wheat is used as a main source of starch and the origin has already been stated   * The components used to prepare desert such as cheese and pumpkin are produced locally. Where the products are purchased The food products are usually purchased from leading supermarket chains such as Walmart and Aldies. Other smaller components might be purchased from local grocery stores The benefits and reasons for a global market Reasons   * Global markets are facilitated by the demand for goods that are not locally available. Different regions around the globe have varying climates that can support the production of some commodities and not others (Held, 1999). Therefore the need for commodities that cannot be produced locally plays a major role in facilitating global trade. Global trade is not limited to agricultural products only but also applies to other products such as minerals, electronic, among others.   * Global trade is also facilitated by the movement ad migration of people from one region to another. For example, the Chinese who migrated to America have along the years created a demand for native Chinese products in America and therefore facilitated the exportation/ importation of such products (Kloppe
The article under analysis is called Brain-to-Brain Interface for Real-Time Sharing of Sensorimotor Information and develops a review of the experiments with a brain-to-brain interface that has allowed a transition of behavior sensor information between two rats. Specifically, the mechanism forwards a new approach to decoding and encoding brain impulses and, therefore, the system has appeared as a new paradigm that permits extracting information and controlling artificial motor intention without direct intrusion to the subject’s body. In the article, Pais-Viera et al. (2012) have selected the BMI approach to create a new artificial communication channel between two rats. The system creates a new opportunity for transferring relevant behavior information and performing the initially established tasks. Employing the new paradigm has made it possible for animals to perform a number of tasks, which is considered the main result of the experiment. To illustrate the main principle of the mechanism, authors have presented a simple scheme according to which the device encodes information and presents to the receiver. Transmission of cortical motor signal through the experimental apparatus is also represented clearly and accurately so that each step is described in much detail. There are also charts and diagrams representing the quantitative results in terms of microstimulation pulses and trials reflecting behavioral performance achieved by means of BTBI. Trail examples for transmission of cortical motor impulses via the device have also been introduced to gain a deeper understanding of the process. The principle of transmitting cortical tactile data is presented in detail. According to this scheme, the encoder rate is expected to sample variables by means of facial whiskers. The width is considered “Narrow” and “Wide” as demonstrated in Photographs (Pais-Viera et al. 2012). Once variable width is sampled, the encoder rat should report on narrowness or width of the aperture. Although the principle of action is simple, the results have surpassed the expectations. The main advantage of the article lies in the exposition of many schemes, photographs, and charts demonstrates the findings and results. Use of quantitative data is important because it serves as strong evidence to qualitative information. Additionally, the authors employ sufficient terminology and succinctly define their meaning. What is more importantly is that these definitions are delivered in mutual relation with each other. Such an approach is helpful in comprehending the main points of the article. Another advantage consists in accurate representation of the experiment that does not have analogue in related literature. Despite the existing advantage, there are certain weaknesses. Specifically, the authors fail to describe methodology of the experiment; instead, they have paid closer attention to description of the experiment and the results. The discussion section is two broad, which prevent the audience from understanding the main points of the trial. In conclusion, the article is of great value for biologists
The qualified school counselor is a skilled educationalist proficient in school counseling with exceptional knowledge and skills to interact with all students’ educational, individual/ communal, and career growth requirements (Maxwell, 2009). Expert school counselors elaborate a wide-ranging educational institution counseling program that encourages and increases student accomplishment. Their effort is distinguished by the devotion to progressive phases of student development, together with the desires, responsibilities, and student interests associated with those phases (Schellenberg, 2013). Specialized school counselors play the key role in capitalizing on student success. Integrating leadership, encouragement, and teamwork, school counselors endorse impartiality and admission to prospects and laborious didactic practices for all students. Expert school counselors sustain a safe educational setting and make every effort to protect the inalienable rights of all the participants in the community (Anderson, 2010). Qualified school counselors pay close attention to the necessities of all students via deterrence and involvement programs. To accomplish an extreme program efficiency, the American School Counselor Association recommends a counselor-to-scholar proportion of 1:250 (Schmidt, 2010). Proficient school therapists have a master’s degree or higher in school counseling or the equivalent substitute, comply with the state-run authorization standards and stand by the laws of the areas in which they are active (Loesch & Ritchie, 2009). They maintain the principled and proficient standards of specialized counseling connotations and encourage the expansion of the school counseling strategy based on the groundwork, distribution, organization, and responsibility (Parsons, 2009). School counselors recognize individual views and attitudes as to how all students profit from the school counseling strategy and act on these views and attitudes to lead the growth, application, and assessment of a wide-ranging school counseling program. School counselors generate an assignment announcement backing up the school’s mission and cooperate with other persons and entities to endorse all students’ academic, occupational, and individual/communal growth (Chang, 2012). The didactic guidance role of school counselors comprises the alliance with a number of stakeholders (Maxwell, 2009). These programs could probably start by establishing ideas and objective
Modern military communities are believed to be one of the most important social groups due to their performance and provided service for the government and civilians. Due to this fact, it is incredibly important to be concerned about the military communities’ health, lifestyles, and daily habits. However, the lack of control in this sphere may lead to a range of aspects that can be detrimental to military performance. According to the Task Force on Community Preventive Services (the Task Force, CPSTF) (2017), “obesity, tobacco use, and alcohol abuse pose a significant threat to military readiness and resilience” (p.4). This paper is aimed at discussing the policies provided by CPSTF to lower tobacco use and presenting practical strategies which could maintain the healthy lifestyles of the military communities. Discussion of CPSTF Policies Smoke-Free Policies One of the most effective methods to decrease the usage of tobacco and shorten the smoking rate among military communities is to implement smoke-free policies. The concept of smoke-free policies, provided by the Task Force, implies the reduction of public places and particular areas where smoking is officially permitted. The research on the possible outcomes, carried out by CPSTF, demonstrates a wide range of benefits gained by implementing smoke-free policies. For instance, the suggested strategies are known “to significantly reduce secondhand smoke exposure, decrease the initiation of tobacco use among adolescents, and lessen specific illnesses, induced by tobacco” (“More Ways to Increase”, n.d., para. 4). In addition, these policies are likely to lead to the downturn of medical care costs, which may be either economically or personally beneficial. By implementing smoke-free policies, the government would not only improve the population’s health but also significantly cut down the expenses on medical care offered to smoke military communities. Tobacco Price Increase Another efficient method to improve the health of military communities is to raise prices for cigarettes, cigars, and other tobacco-made products. A demand for a particular product in certain social groups may cause a range of conflicts regarding income and ethnicity issues. The results of the research by CPSTF indicate that due to the tobacco price increase it became possible to “reduce tobacco-related health gaps, or disparities, among people in different income groups and may reduce disparities among different race and ethnic groups” (“More Ways to Increase”, n.d., para.5). It is also important to note that after the implementation of the recommended Task Force interventions, “smoking rates among Navy and Marine Corps service members decreased by 3% and 6%” respectively (CPSTF, 2017, p.6). As a result, by increasing tobacco prices, it became possible to successfully scale down the consumption of tobacco among military communities. In case of further development of this policy, the number of smokers among these and other groups would certainly diminish. Alternative Strategies for Improving Military Communities’ H