ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Background of the Company Virtual Viewing is an IT company headquartered in the United Kingdom that focuses on digital media. The company was established in the mid-1990s. Stewart Bailey is currently the director of the company. It has 20 employees in the United Kingdom, most of who are in management positions. There are over 15 other employees in Slovakia where the production facility of the firm is located. The firm also has some employees in Poland and India. In total, it has over 45 employees in these four regions. According to the company’s director, Virtual Viewing has experienced 35% growth in the past year. The top executive attributes this massive growth to the commitment that the management and employees of this company have in meeting the needs of the customers in the market. The expansion of its animated products, especially in the real estate industry has benefitted this firm largely. It has diversified its products as a way of expanding its profits. The diversification strategy is one of the ways that the management is using to sustain the growth of the company. The firm expects to achieve 35% growth of its tour business by the end of 2015. It is a new segment of the company that the management believes has massive potential. Creativity is one of the main strengths of this company. According to the director of this company, Virtual Viewing has been keen on developing new products, which meet the needs of the customers uniquely. This is partly the reason why it has experienced massive growth in the recent past. Although this massive growth is a sign of a prosperous future, the director appreciates that dealing with this growth may pose some challenges. For this reason, it needs software that can help it manage this rapid growth, especially in monitoring the activities of the employees who are in various parts of the world. T-Sheets offer the best software solution as explained in this paper. Analysis of the Client’s Key Issues and Software Application Requirements Virtual View is a fast-developing company that needs to understand the market forces and be able to manipulate them to its favour. However, an interview with the two executives identifies a number of issues that may affect the company’s impressive market growth. According to the chief executive of the firm, one of the main problems that this firm is facing in its international relations is a language barrier. This firm is operating in various parts of Europe, with plans to go global. However, the mode of communication to its clients is in English. This makes it challenging to undertake projects whose sponsors are unable to speak in this language. Language is a challenge even among English-speaking clients, especially when it comes to the accent and tone of some words. This has been problematic when developing animations accompanied by explanations because some clients would complain that they struggle to listen to the explanations. However, it is important to note that although this is a major problem for the company, it can be solved by hiring the
Introduction Today, the changing workforce has transformed the way, which people work or do business. Organization change is part of the workforce changes and is the only way to ensure sustainability in the business environment. People have pursued to do things differently, which has resulted to a great upheaval and unsettledness in the workforce since higher expectations have emerged (Greenhaus et al. 2010). This paper is a debate that shall critically examine the changes in the workforce that are brought about by differences in the age of workers, the consequences of casual employment, and most importantly, the gender differences in relations to difficulties faced by the employers in the workforce. Discussion I am in agreement with the statement that older workers are less productive and more resistant to change, which is reflected in their declined performance when compared to younger workers. Older workers have more knowledge and good skills than younger workers do, which could be really useful and helpful for their work as a team. However, this is often overshadowed by the perceptions shaped towards them in the workforce. They have been described as being unwilling to change, less flexible, tough to train, and gives a poor result on training because they do not develop or learn new skills as well as younger workers do ( Posthuma & Campion 2009 ). These incidences of age stereotyping are common in the business world today. With respect to this, many individuals have fallen victims and a firm can reject productive individuals on this basis. Older people have however, been related with poor performance and a declined productivity since they are generally against change, they are more difficult to train and adapt less to the changing working environments (Boone & Kurtz 2010). Generally, older workers already have experienced too many things, which make it so it is hard to motivate them unlike their younger counterparts, who can be enticed to ensure maximum productivity and their persistence in the company. As result, managers’ effort to train them may become futile and such a costly investment might end up being fruitless. The old have a lower learning potential, which may pull them down on their pursuit to development of skills. The older generation workforce hesitates to embrace technology as it comes and they are not only inflexible, but also make it increasingly hard to be trained and supervised (Bluestone & Montgomery 1990). It has been noted that older individuals have a higher likelihood of being absent from work with regard to their deteriorating health status. In addition, the older people have a reduced physical strength, which could be the reason as to why they are less enthusiastic in their daily undertakings. Moreover, older individuals are related with a reduced tenure as compared to the young people and the cost associate
This memoir by Jung Chang recounts the lives of three generations of Chinese women, from her grandmother, her mother, to herself. In telling her story the narrator explores many themes including that of the political struggle in China from the early 1900s through to the end in 1978. The writer begins her story by giving us the circumstances by which her grandmother became a concubine to a warlord; she tells us that it was his great grandfather’s plan for her to be married of as a concubine, he plans for them to be in a competition so that he can notice her,” The person who guessed the most answers won a prize. Among the men General Xue was the winner, naturally. Among the women, it was my grandmother” (Chang 17), the reason for this plan was so that he can get favors and political patronage from the warlord, General Xue. She later tells us of how China was attacked by the Japanese and it lost a huge part of its territory and how the Japanese colonized China by introducing the teaching of Japanese in school, use of Japanese methods and being taught by Japanese teaches . The writer gives us the low point of the political struggle involving the Japanese and the Chinese citizens by telling a story of a Chinese who had been arrested and killed for committing an ‘economic crime’ by eating rice which had only been reserved for the Japanese and Chinese collaborators. The country had no proper legal system and anyone with a gun enjoyed arbitrary power. The Chinese were later liberated from the Japanese by the Russians however, the Russians soon stated to mistreat the Chinese by raping their women, looting their houses and generally crippling their industries, these called for the youth to rise and try to liberate themselves they called themselves the Chinese communist they were led by Mao Zedong while another faction was the Kuomintang. Soon a civil war emerges between the communists and Kuomintang led by Chiang Kai-shek. The Kuomintang has control over the vast majority of the country for it was being backed by the US and Russia. Corruption creeps in and disables the economy, and it deteriorates to a serious position this led to Kuomintang loosing soldiers because none of the youth wants to volunteer. The communist finally take over the Jinzhou, they tell the people, “don’t be afraid. We won’t harm you. We are your army, the people’s army.”(Chang 81) The writer has portrayed the Communist Party of China in good light o
1. The Federal Reserve officials have raised rates for their short-term interest, which they use as a benchmark, three times this year. They intend to carry out another percentage point increase during the next meeting of the bank, which will happen on 19 Dec. 2018. The number of increments planned for 2019 is uncertain at the moment. Current projections display a roughly equal split between two, three, and four increases. However, the next meeting of the institution will result in updated projections, which may display different results. The article expects that some of the officials may choose to reduce the number of increases they believe to be necessary due to the outcry from the stock market.  2. The article identifies three potential macroeconomic concerns that may induce the Fed to slow down its interest rate-raising campaign. One of them is the possible faltering of the consumers, whose activity fueled the 2018 expansion. The recent heavy selling of retail stocks and the resulting drop of corresponding shares may be an indicator of such a tendency. Furthermore, credit spreads have increased lately, with U.S. corporate bonds being 4.18% above comparable Treasury securities on average. The change may not be indicative of significant trends if viewed on its own, but it has correlated with economic recessions in the past. The Fed Chairman has noted that the organization will closely observe this specific trend. Lastly, the rising mortgage rates can present difficulties for the economy’s growth as well, as they reduce the affordability of house construction and therefore reduce activity in the housing sector. The rise has already been reflected in the 6% decrease in building permit requests.  3. The Federal Reserve’s purpose in raising the rates is to slow down the expansion of the economy, particularly the speculative parts such as borrowing and spending. By keeping growth under control, the Fed intends to avoid the appearance of a financial bubble of the sort that led to the end of the last two expansions. Higher interest rates will counteract increased housing construction activities, which led to the home price bubble of the 2000s. They will also slow the growth of individual businesses, discouraging potential investors from buying stocks due to reduced expectations of profit. As a result of the overall suppression of the economy, the country’s economic output will grow at a slower pace, but it will keep increasing regardless. Price levels will increase due to the overall policy that discourages spending, but they will not become unmanageable for consumers.  4. I think that the Fed should at the very least delay its next rate increase until the middle of 2019. The increment planned for Dec. 19 appears to be a decision that the Fed will not reverse, but further activity in the field requires caution. The economy is already displaying signs of weakening, and its growth should not become unmanageable in the near future. A more extended observation period would help analysts establish the significant variables in the current economic growth and make more accurate predictions based on them. Furthermore, the Fed’s current policy appear
Conducting a reflective analysis after a section or topic is covered is a successful strategy for mastering academic material. It allows you to summarize the available data and structure them. Thus, it has been found that proto-oncogenes can turn into oncogenes by point mutations, chromosomal insertions, or deletions. At the same time, while suppressor genes are designed to inhibit oncogenesis, mutations in them can, on the contrary, lead to the amplification of harmful mutations. Loss of function of suppressor genes resulting from mutations becomes the cause of cancer development: the cell divides abnormally, increasing the cell mass of the tissue. In the same way, numerical statistics for oncogenes and suppressor genes were passed in class. I must admit that, in general, these are the numbers that I expected: a large number of suppressor genes are necessary to suppress oncogenes. At the same time, the survival rate for both categories is equal, which suggests that they are mutually related. It has also been shown that the maintenance gene can catalyze cancer development. It is worth noting that this is not a straightforward process: mutations in the maintenance system entail profound changes in defense mechanisms. The more significant number of oncogenes and suppressor genes responsible for cell survival determines the evolutionary driving forces that make cells remain viable even in the face of mutation. Zero oncogenes have been found in the support system, confirming the deleterious nature of such oncogenes. Finally, the dominance of suppressor genes over oncogenes in fate cells also has an explanation. Since differentiation is accompanied by mutations, the cell must protect itself in case of an unforeseen increase in oncogenicity. Three key ideas have been assimilated by me within this topic. The first one concerns the diversity of sources of cancer cell development. In fact, it is a mistake to believe that cancer is initiated by only one factor: on the contrary, a combination of biological, physical, infectious, and even chemical causes can trigger cancer development. Secondly, I have learned that there is a complex mechanism of cancer cell formation involving proto-oncogenes, which, when amplified, can be modified to oncogenes. To suppress them, suppressor genes are activated, among which p53 is the best known. Finally, I have learned the relationship between age and the likelihood of developing cancer. As life expectancy increases, the number of mutations increases, and thus the likelihood of cancer increases. I found it amazing that science knows precisely what the frequency of mutations is: 1 error in a billion bases is deficient. In addition, I was struck by the information that the mutated gene is dominant. The question I still have involves the refinement of numerical statistics. If human DNA includes 3 billion base pairs — a total of six per DNA m
Every time a patient visits a health insurance company to submit a claim, visits a pharmacist or gets treated by a physician, a record is usually kept about his/her confidential health information. Previously, healthcare givers or family physicians safeguarded the confidentiality of health records by locking them away in file cabinets. As of now, the disclosure and use of health information is safeguarded by a collage of state legislations that leave gaps in the protection of patients’ health records that are private and confidential. As a result, the Congress enacted the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) in 1996. The decision to enact this law was to set up privacy standards across the nation (Allen et al., 2004, p.2). The HIPAA privacy rules also imposed restrictions and caps on who can access and review patients’ confidential health records. There are cases where some suitable parties are authorized by the laws to access and share patients’ confidential health information. Examples include: care and treatment; submitting information to the police (gun wounds, homicide cases, etc); and settling medical bills. Nonetheless, the HIPAA does not extent this gesture to some sensitive health records such as HIV/AIDS information. The current tough state confidentially laws on health information are supported by HIPAA. In fact HIPAA provides an additional layer of protection that limits the disclosure of HIV/AIDS confidential information (Allen et al., 2004, p.3). Why HIV/AIDS Information Is Extremely Sensitive Many medical experts as well as the public believe that information related to HIV/AIDS cases is more sensitive than other types of health conditions. However some medical experts are of the opinion that sensitivity is prejudiced and may vary in terms of the context within which a person finds himself/herself. There are several factors that determine the degree of sensitivity of HIV/AID information. These include: socio-cultural and political factors and the health and emotional status of a person. Generally, information that is deemed to be sensitive usually carries with it extraordinary risks if it is made public. HIV/AIDS information falls under this category (Ricciardi, 2010, p.2). There is no doubt that HIV/AIDS information is more sensitive than other types of ailments. This phenomenon is evidenced by the HIPAA as well as the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) which grants HIV/AIDS patients the right to protect the disclosure of their conditions. For example, a recent national survey (carried out on HIV positive patients) found that over 17% of patients refused to give information of their HIV status to their physicians. In addition, 7.9% of those interviewed did not trust their doctors to keep their HIV status information confidential (Rohn et al., 2006, p.6). Issues related to HIV/AIDS information disclosure have also been identified as the main obstacle why HIV/AIDS patients refuse to seek
Introduction: Type and category of retail channel Hennes and Mauritz (H&M) retail store deals with men, women, and children’s clothing. The company specializes in designing, manufacturing, and selling of all types of clothing across the world. It also distributes cosmetic products, footwear, home textiles, and accessories in more than 40 stores across the world. Other than selling its products in its branded stores, the company makes online and catalogue sales in various first-class nations (Hennes & Mauritz 15). Norway, Denmark, Netherlands, United States, and Germany are some of the nations that the company targets when making online and catalogue sales. From one time to another, the company launches new online stores. It opened its online store in the United States in August 2013, and after that, the company launched its first store in Australia in April 2014. H&M has employed various strategies of ensuring that it attains profitability, it maintains competitive advantage, and it employs technological leadership. The executives of the company ensure that they have more highs than lows following the recent rises and lows in sales tax and net profit. H&M’s core competency strategy is expansion through opening new stores in new locations. In the stores, customers are assured of obtaining quality garments at attractive prices. Lastly, the company insists on technological leadership, which helps in maintaining a good relationship with the suppliers, and it helps in lowering manufacturing costs. Reason for choosing the channel H&M is an interesting company that anyone would wish to investigate. Other than offering the latest fashion, the place has the most affordable prices. In the contemporary world, one would expect a fashion retail store to sell its products at very high prices; however, H&M challenges other dealers of retail clothing because of its low prices. Indeed, if any clothing dealer tried to compete with H&M in terms of prices, it would receive a big blow. There is a very high probability the executives of the company are very particular about the manufacturing costs. Moreover, they only aim at generating little profits for every product that they manufacture. Due to its low prices, the company achieves the economies of scale competitive advantage. The most interesting thing about the company is its ability to meet the diverse needs of women, men, teenagers, and children in the contemporary world. Probably, the company executives have invested in research about fashion and the desires of people in the evolving world. Interestingly, with its low prices, H&M still achieves to make massive profits and its employees and customers’ level of satisfaction is beyond expectation. Background of the chosen channel History In 1946, Persson founded the famous H&M Company, and he opened a women’s clothing shop in Sweden. The shop was named Hennes, but before long, he acquired Mauritz Widforss, and the company’s name changed from Hennes to
Introduction Information technology has increasing changed the management of businesses in the world. Record retention has been practiced where files were kept, archived, and retrieved physically. In this technological age, large amounts of data are produced and stored for various reasons. Information storage requires an effective system of managing the information. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 came up with strict regulation on record management. This case study discusses effective record retention system in line with ethics. It will also discuss issues in record retention, information security roadblocks, solution to security dilemmas, and record management as relevant to the entire organization. How an effective record retention system helps an organization act ethically The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 is an act that criminalized destruction, concealing, alteration, and falsification of records. This was adopted in the wake of scandals following WorldCom and Enron financial systems in America. The act was very strict and challenged other states to consider such regulations. In Australia, the regulations are not equally strict. They require the following for record management: That record related to income tax together with tax on payment of goods and services must be retained for five years. Financial statements, cheques, receipts and orders in electronic form should be kept, availed for inspection, guarded from falsification, protected from destruction or damage within seven years. Companies to declare privacy give updated and accurate information (West 2002). People can be allowed to get personal data upon request. A record retention system allows people retain important information for a period of time that will allow processing of the information. Within that period the records can be considered active and relevant for use. The information may be useful and therefore, will become easily accessible upon request. After the records period of processing, the information is disposed or sent to the archives. When it is believed that the information cannot become useful in future, the information is disposed off. When the information may be considered relevant for specific reasons of reference in future, the information is sent to the archives. Record retention helps the company to act ethically, if it has the record required in a legal process. When there are court cases, parties are expected to provide proof of information. Relevant information can be retrieved and used in the court by parties. This process of retrieving information for legal matters is referred to as discovery. Discovery is an expensive process when it is ordered by the court. Therefore, business owners prefer to settle maters outside the court, and disclose this information before it is ordered by the court. Read and Ginn (2010) say that a record retention system is associated with categorizing, classifying, and grouping of data according to its importance. The systematic organization of data facilitates easy retrieval and storage of information to enable the company function efficiently. Additi