ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The concept of marketing is very pertinent to any business, especially when introducing a new product/version into the market. The process encompasses comprehending and meeting the needs of the target customers. The aim of this paper is to develop a marketing plan for the Nissan Patrol Desert Edition through a theoretical and analytical approach. The reason for choosing the Nissan Patrol Desert Edition is that it is a relatively new version that has been introduced into the market. Thus, the company needs to develop a marketing strategy to entice its loyal customers while at the same time attracting a new wave of clientele. The research will include an in-depth analysis of the context and environment where the company operates, product overview, social responsibility and marketing ethics issues, core target factors, critical success factors, and the company’s position and intended market perception for its Nissan Patrol Desert Edition. The limitation of this assignment will be in identifying its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats during company’s SWOT analysis. Analysis of the Context and Environment in which Nissan Operates Political Factors The government of the UAE has managed to control and maintain low oil prices. As a result, it has positively influenced the buying trends for the Nissan Patrol Desert Edition and other brands. An increase in the profit margins for the new version will allow the company to reduce the pricing of the car, reduce its debts, and even scale up its operations as part of its corporate objectives (Tischler 2002). The liberal trade policy of the UAE such as low tariffs and few non-tariff trade barriers allow the company to have almost unlimited access to the region. This situation has had a positive influence on the company by allowing it to price the Nissan Patrol Desert Edition at an affordable rate for customers (Hoekman 1995). Economic Factors An increase in interest rates will negatively affect the sales of the Nissan Patrol Desert Edition due to the corresponding increase in the cost of servicing loans. Moreover, the increase will discourage spending while at the same time encouraging a savings habit by people who wish to benefit from the high rates from banks. Ultimately, the decrease in spending will reduce sales of the Nissan Patrol Desert Edition (Macdonald 1999). Unemployment will be another major concern for the company, as it implies a reducti
Introduction Evaluation of business performance is very important because it gives managers an idea regarding progress in their business. Organisations may end up failing if managers do not take time to evaluate their performance. This may be due to the fact that workers misuse funds making it difficult for the organisation to run its operations. Therefore, organisations should make sure that they develop strategies aimed at evaluating their progress every often. The process should target everyone in the organisation in order to ensure that they all work towards achievements of the set goals. For instance, the production department should be evaluated individually to find out how they are progressing. This is very important because failure of an organisation may be originating from a section of its departments (Barnes 2008, p. 107). Therefore, evaluation is very important because it can highlight such areas hence calling for improvement. External environment has to be evaluated in order to show how the organisation is performing in respect to it. This means that customers and other organisations that affect an organisation’s business should not be left out of the analysis procedure. Organisations should try their best to make sure that they develop strategies aimed at improving their performance. Delivery of services and products to the market should be evaluated to identify areas that need more funding. Organisations may be forced by circumstances to lay off employees in order to improve their performance. Such decisions can only be made after evaluating their current progress. Performance in any organisation is determined by various factors, and they have to be evaluated. In case of any improvements that have to be made, managers should move swiftly to implement the right processes aimed at making operations better. Literature Review The Mckinsey 7S Framework For any organisation to be successful, they must consider all seven aspects of Mckinsey scorecard. For example, in the banking field organisations should emphasize on strategies guiding their operations. They should make sure that their resources are put into good use hence maximizing on their profitability. Customers within banking halls should be treated with hospitality hence making them feel that they deserve to bank with the institution. Therefore, human resou
Having been established on 15th February 2011, XYZ airline has the responsibility of serving its customers well. The mission is quality service with a substantial continuity in its endeavor. As a manager in the HR department, I have the responsibility to prepare a staffing plan. This plan outlines the number of employees to recruit; the skills required, experience, the procedure of interview, and how to continue developing skills on the employees to remain competitive in the ever turbulent market. To achieve a sound staffing plan, XYZ airline requires skills, which would be described in the job descriptions. In the job description, there are responsibilities, duties, and tasks required for a specified job opening. As this is the case, the company would be bound to its job description. This specifies the legal attribute in the sense that once an employee accepts the criteria (skills, responsibilities, and tasks) then they would apply for the job. If accepted in the company, employees would abide by the rules and policies of the company (Bechet, 2008). The company is an equal employer. The job would be advertised so that all eligible job seekers are given the chance to apply for the positions. Skills that the job requires would be checked properly before the interview so that a proper match to the job description would be realized. Canvassing is not allowed. If a prospective employee canvas, there would be legal action and automatic disqualification. In Gerhart, Hollenbeck, Noe, & Wright (2007), for a company to start its operations, there are diverse things to be considered, ranging from skills, responsibilities, and tasks. The XYZ airline company would wish to recruit staff that works in several departments; manufacturing, operations, customer service, distribution, marketing, and accounting. To get qualified candidates, there is an outline of the skills required on every job, the procedure of application, the interview process, and how feedback to the successful candidates would be achieved. The successful employee would sign a K-24 form that stipulates the terms of employment, payment, and task to be performed. Job Description and Skills Required The following table outlines the details of a job opening at t
Management science refers to operational techniques and model used by companies and individuals to solve managerial problems by providing an effective decision on the work plan. Linear programming model is model that assists organizations in solving management decision making problems by using mathematical procedures. Julia Robertson is a final year student pursuing a course in Finance at Tech and she is facing a challenge in raising her school fees. She embarks on investigating diverse ways of financing her education in her final year. She identifies a food booth outside the Tech stadium at domicile football arena which she considers renting. Through her familiarity with the arena she discovers that fans and players of the games consume lots of food, which motivates her to start the business. The food booth is small in size, and the requirement for renting it is for her to play a game at $1000. At the Tech property, only the Tech department is allowed to sell both food and drinks, and vendors to sell either drinks or food to the fans. Julia decides to prepare foods such as hot dogs, barbecue sandwiches and cheese pizza, because fans who watch the game at the stadium like such foods. At the Tech stadium, fans buy food during half time and before the start of the game; this means Julia should prepare food before the game. Julia needs a warm oven to store the food which will cost her $600. The oven contains 16 shelves; 3 feet by feet this will enable her to store food before half time and at the start of the game. Julia’s capital is $1,500 which is enough to prepare and purchase items. She decides to order pizza from a delivery industry at $6 that will give 8 slices; a piece of hot dog will cost her $0.45 and $0.90 per barbecue. She decides to sell barbecue at $2.25, hot dog and a slice of pizza at $1.50. The total profit from a pizza slice $0.75 and hot dog $1.5. She plans to use the profit attained at the first game to purchase other ingredients to make food for the next game. In her research, she discovers that she can sell more food when she develops a client base for every period and follows the stipulate guideline. At this point, a liner programme model is essential to assist her in making a decision whether or not to operate the business: JULIA FOOD BOOTH                                                                                                                                            ITEM                        PIZZA SLICE  HOT DOG           BERBEQUE SANWICH   UNIT PROFIT ($)             0.75         1.05              1.6                                                                                                                                                         PROFIT($)          UNIT PER ITEM IN DOLLAR($)                                                    PIZZA SLICE                 0.75         0.75                                 HOT DOG                     0.45         1.05                                 BERBEQUE SANWICH            0.9          1.6                                                              2.1          TOTAL PROFIT ($)
Introduction The modern business world is extremely competitive, and this is especially true for the Emirati market, where local businesses and global multinationals operate and often compete with each other. At present, companies strive for recruiting (or training and developing) effective leaders who could encourage employees to work hard and achieve organizational objectives. It has been acknowledged that the issues of power are crucial for the sustainable development of an organization and its proper functioning (Rahim, 2015). There are several major sources or bases of power in an organization. These five types of power are referred to as legitimate, referent, expert, coercive, reward power (Ferrell, Fraedrich & Ferrell, 2014). Legitimate power is ensured by the leader’s position within the organization. For instance, a top manager is seen as an employee who exercises a certain power. Expert power is based on the ability of the leader to reveal and employ his/her knowledge. Thus, the person who is experienced and knowledgeable is trusted, and people often follow such leaders. Referent power is associated with charisma as sometimes employees follow their charismatic colleagues, who are seen as
Introduction A vacuum cleaner is a home electrical device that is used to clean floors and carpets. It uses an air pump to create a vacuum that sucks up dust particles and other dirt from the surface. This is mostly used as a home appliance. But large industrial vacuum cleaners are also produced. History Multiple sources are making different claims as to who first invented the vacuum cleaner. But many agree that the vacuum sweeper that got the patent was first invented by Daniel Hess in 1860 (Kautzman). This sweeper used the technology of having a water chamber inside the machine to clean the air and collect the dust particles. This technology of water chamber is being used in modern vacuum cleaners today. Various versions of vacuum cleaners were produced in the late 1800s. The most famous production was by Cecil Booth in 1901. This large vacuum cleaner was powered by an engine and was aimed at cleaning the whole house or building through large pipes. The first electric vacuum cleaner that was small enough to be used inside a house was produced in 1907. William Hoover bought the patent rights for this machine and sold it door to door. Thus the vacuum cleaner as a home appliance became popular as early as 1908. (Kautzman) Technology A vacuum cleaner is a medium-sized machine that can be managed by a single person, although robot cleaners have also been produced lately. The vacuum cleaner usually has a chamber on the wheels and a pipe connected to the chamber. This chamber has the motor, suction pump, and water chamber or a bag. A wire usually connects to the electrical socket and the motor runs the suction pump. Ahead of the pipe, there is a brush and suction holes that suck the dirt and dust particles. The vacuum is created through a difference in air pressure. The motor inside the machine lowers the pressure, and this causes the air to move inside the machine through the pipe. Hence the dust particles are pushed inside the bag, or water chamber. The dust is collected inside the chamber as it mixes with the water inside.   * Types: According to the air cleaning technology, there are different categories of vacuum cleaners; upright, canister, central, and extractor in-home purpose cleaners.   * Upright cleaners use the rotating brush and nozzle to rub the surface and gather the dust. A handle and a bag are attached to the machine. The motor inside also causes the brush roll to rotate which removes dust through rubbing, sweeping, and vibration. The dust is blown through the suction pump into the bag.   * The canister type is similar to the upright, except that it has the motor and bag in separate canister units. That makes it better able to keep the dust from being blown out in hot air released from the motor.   * Central cleaners are larger vacuum cleaners that have a bag and hose in the center, from which the suction pipes can be carried to differ
In modern mass media, climate change has become a hot buzzword and a point of contention between Republicans and Democrats. We argue about whether it is a hoax and have grown increasingly desensitized to statistics about rising ocean levels or endangered species. We see the latest warnings from ecologists about how we have only 18 months to save the Earth, shrug, and keep binge-watching our favorite Netflix show. While everybody is vaguely aware that climate change is a major problem, few Americans have actually bothered to research this issue thoroughly themselves beyond reading a few headlines. This is why I believe it is necessary to conduct careful, thorough research on why climate change is a threat to our planet and how to stop it. Knowledge is the intermediary between awareness and action. If we know the specific process behind climate change and who exactly is responsible, we can protest, push for legislative reform, and demand responsibility from our government and corporations. Audience My target audience for this research paper is the youth because we are the ones who will feel the burden of climate change within our lifetimes. This is an issue that makes us feel anxious and frightened about our future because it concerns us so personally. However, I believe studying this issue in depth will make us feel outraged, which is a more effective emotion because it pushes us into action instead of passive acceptance. As we have witnessed from online political movements, this outrage can be a massive instigator for change if we organize effectively and demand it. Modern mass media has shifted the debate to whether climate change exists at all, which only distracts us from the central questions of why it is a threat to humans and how to stop it. What contributes to natural disasters? Why are rising temperature levels and melting glaciers a problem? It is necessary for the youth to know the answers to these questions so we can figure out ways to solve them. Purpose The aim of this research is to help both me and my readers understand the topic of climate change from an academic viewpoint, rather than getting a filtered version from mass media and politicians. Media conglomerates have their own political agenda and corporate interests in mind, while politicians are either aiming for reelection or appeasing corporate sponsors (Doyle). In other words, we are getting skewed information that is not necessarily presented in the best interest of the public (Petersen, Vincent and Westerling). While the Internet and social media were once considered to be the great equalizers, recent studies on the echo-chamber effect and rigged Google results have proven otherwise. This is why it is necessary to approach climate change through the prism of peer-reviewed, evidence-based scholarship that presents the issue in all its complexity and has no ulterior motive other than to expand our knowledge. Ultimately, I hope my research will serve as a call to action for the youth. Schedule My research will focus on how climate change threatens the planet and how to stop it. F
Introduction Available literature demonstrates that, although foreign aid has continued to be used by Western donor nations and international lending institutions to support peacebuilding efforts in collapsed states and war-torn societies mostly found in the developing world, its distribution is to a large extent dependent on the prevailing conditions in recipient countries (Boyce, 2010). In recent decades, scholars have established that countries in the midst of war may reap immensely from the availability of aid as an effective tool for facilitating the implementation of peace accords and the consolidation of peace. However, it has also been found that aid can aggravate political and socioeconomic conditions in post-conflict societies, causing them to slide back to war, as witnessed in many African countries (Hansen & Borchgrevink, 2007; Hyndman, 2009). In view of this, the present paper aims to critically assess the effects of war and peace on foreign aid in the Dominican Republic. Effects of Peace & War on Foreign Aid: Experience from the Dominican Republic Ever since the assassination of autocratic leader Rafael Leonidas Trujillo Molina on the evening of 30 May 1961, the Dominican Republic has experienced prolonged instances of peace interspersed with short durations of relative instability (Hall, 2008). In the 1990s, the country experienced periodic collective violence as progressive politicians, and the electorate attempted to instill democratic principles after years of autocratic leadership, though war scholars have to date failed to quantify these incidences as a full-scale civil war (Seelke, 2012). Nevertheless, these periodic instances of civil unrest followed by long durations of peace have had a profound effect on the country’s foreign aid regime. During instances of civil unrest and peace, donors have attempted to link the foreign aid provided to the Dominican Republic to increased protection of human rights, the establishment of democratic ideals and institutions, cessation of atrocities, and peacebuilding (Hall, 2008; Taffet, 2007). For example, aid conditionality was successfully used by Western donors in 1994 to remove the aging Balaguer from the presidency and pave the way for the country to adopt democratic ideals and develop democratic institutions (Seelke, 2012). Consequently, it can be argued that the linking of foreign aid to the mentioned outcomes have so far been beneficial in avoiding human rights violations and abuse of power by leaders during instances of civil unrest, while at the same time ensuring the country adopts democratic ideals and prudent fiscal and monetary measures during periods of relative peace. As a direct consequence, the Dominican Republic is one of the fastest-growing economies in Latin America, with a per capita gross domestic product of approximately $5,530 in 2011 (Seelke, 2012). Peace and war have also had their fair share of negative impacts on the distribution of foreign aid in the Dominican Republic. It should be remembered that the
The relationship between teacher and student should be one for the welfare of a student. The children spend a major part of their life with their teachers. To have a fine classroom atmosphere, the teacher-student relationship plays a major role. A good teacher tries to understand the students at all levels. If the teacher can understand the students’ problems, she or he will take more care towards them and take the necessary steps to overcome their problems. But in this modern era, it is difficult for one to find a good relationship between teacher and student; their relationship has undergone a sea change. “Counselors say that attraction for a teacher is common and normal among the students – male or female.” (Student-teacher relationship problems, n.d., para.9). The attitude of respect towards the teacher may change as the students go on admiring their teachers to a different level which may be awkward in a school atmosphere. Illicit relationship between teachers and students has become a usual practice. When teachers mingle with the students with love and care, they are not aware that sometimes it will make the students misunderstand their teachers. There are many cases where the unethical behaviors of teachers were quoted. One of them was the case of involvement of a teacher with an under-aged student. It was Mary Kay Letourneau who was a sixth-grade teacher. She was 21 years old and met her lover who was a 13-year-old student of herself. In this issue, she was imprisoned and now she has been released. Both of them are going to get married now. This is the case of ethical violation of a teacher-student relationship (Master’s Girl, 2006). In the present world, we can see many such examples. According to the first amendment of the US constitution, the assembly cannot make any law regarding the foundation of religion or barring religious practices nor can they restrict the freedom of speech. Freedom of speech is the right of every citizen of the state. It is also applicable to the students and the first amendment of the US constitution allows all the students to have the right to speak, write and freely meet others. This law is not applicable only if the expressions of the students can disrupt the school and society. The freedom of religion is also a given right to the students i.e. freedom of worship and belief is an implied right for them. The school authorities do not have any right either to push or to insult any religious practices and beliefs. For example, in the US, Needville Independent School District (NISD) punished a five-year-old American Indian Kindergarten student conveying and practicing his religious beliefs. The school ordered him to tie his long hair in the band and to tuck it inside his school shirt, which was against his family beliefs. After this issue, the boy’s parents fought against the school authority and they won the case not only for them but also for all the Texas students in respect of their religious beliefs. (AC