ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Ascent is the company which specializes in providing accounting, auditing, and business consulting services. The company was established in Gaborone, Botswana, in 1976, and it became the part of Parker Consultants (the US multinational company) in 1996. Following the innovative and effective approaches to organizing the company’s work, Parker Consultants required the definite changes in Ascent’s organization and redesigning with accentuating the necessity to become a learning company. Thomas was appointed to work out and implement the strategy in redesigning the company into the learning organization where the accents are made on diverse teams, open communication, effective cooperation, and training employees. It is necessary to determine several problems which should be overcome in order to redesign Ascent into the learning company. The first problem is the lack of the employees’ cooperative skills and ability to work as a team. The main cause of the problem is the significant cultural diversity of the workers as a result of recruiting expatriates who have no opportunity to learn the cultural and ethnic peculiarities of each other. The second issue is the absence of the employees’ motivation to work effectively in cooperation and present the developed projects in time. The cause of the problem is the absence of the certain financial benefits, bonuses, and rewards to stimulate the employees’ motivation and create the effective competitive atmosphere. The next problem is the absence of the regular communication between managers and employees to resolve the difficulties in work and interactions, and the problem is based on the particular features of the organizational structure where there are 54 executives and managers and 60 professionals. Furthermore, corporate culture is significantly centralized with the focus on the figure of Managing Director, and the fact prevents managers from making decisions independently and from the flexible system’s functioning. To lead the change process and create conditions for developing the learning organization, it is necessary to pay attention to the cultural diversity as the main characteristic of the workforce. The programs to create the positive environment in the situation of the multicultural cooperation should be developed with references to the employees’ backgrounds to guarantee the effective team work. The next step is the provision of the necessary bonuses to motivate employees to work effectively within the team and present the individual ideas, thus, rewards can be used to create the competitive atmosphere to achieve better results. The effective team work is also based on efficient organization of the work with references to the manager’s control. Moreover, employees should cooperate with managers and act as the single organism. That is why, it is important to work out strategies for regulating the employees’ work with deter
The biography of San Suu Kyi narrates the outstanding story of a courageous woman. As the author describes, Suu’s determination is a source of inspiration to many people in Burma. In the biography, Peter Popham treats Aung San as a non-violent politician whose efforts and courage transformed the history of Burma. In the fifth chapter, the author explains how the Army Generals of Burma considered Suu as an alien. The country’s politicians believed she represented the ideas of the West. According to Popham (2012), Suu valued human progress and prosperity. Suu believed that education was the key towards improved standards of living. This was needed to deal with the abuses, exploitation, and disappointments that were common in the country from 1995 to 2002 (Popham, 2012). In the book, the author explains how Suu returned to Burma from Britain to take care of her sick mother. Within a short period, Suu had become the leader of the largest revolt in the country. She earned herself a house arrest because of her involvements in the political affairs of Burma. She co-founded a strong party that won in the country’s first elections. This was after three decades of turmoil and political instability. During the period, Suu gained much support from different people such as Michael. These followers did many things to support the revolt movement. The book shows how other people such as Lucinda, one of Suu’s sisters, worked hard towards the realization of the targeted goals (Popham, 2012). In 2002, the government granted Suu the right to leave home. With her liberty of movement, Suu promoted her ideas towards democracy. However, this was not without numerous obstacles and challenges. She visited different individuals and states to attract more followers. She was able to present her ideas to the people (Popham, 2012). There were different attempts to assassinate Aung Suu. For instance, Than Shwe said that he wanted to see Suu dead. However, the nightmares and attempts to stop Suu failed. Many people in Burma embraced the new approach towards a new life. The revolution was essential because it guided the country towards a new path to democracy. Suu consulted with the government thus presenting new policies that would change the political arena of the region. Before that time, most of the political meetings were in secret. This
Semantics definition Semantics is a literary field that studies meaning of signs, symbols, words, and phrases and how they are used in linguistics. It is a wide field of study which has two main branches: lexical semantics, which focuses on the meaning of words and their relations when used together, and logical semantics, which is concerned with references, sense, implication and presupposition. Semantic properties refer to the parts of linguistic units that give its elements meaning of words or phrases. The property deals with the other meanings associated with the part, or any ambiguity resulting from the relation of the words in the phrase. Semantics is essential since it determines how language users acquire a sense of meaning for different linguistic elements. It also determines how users understand the change in language over time, also referred to as semantic shift, and how languages are utilized in any social context. A group of words or a phrase that has been used to refer to the same object or concept is called a semantic field or a semantic domain, and gives meaning to a word in relation to the other phrases used together with the word. Semantics feature analysis is a teaching technique that uses a grid to determine how a set of objects are related. This technique is the most effective in teaching kids by letting them analyze and complete the grids. This technique also enhances vocabulary and comprehension process in learning and the students are able to learn concepts while making connections. Denotative meaning of a word is the cognitive or reference meaning that describes the central meaning associated with the word and can also change over time. Connotation is the effect the word has on someone which can either be personal or emotional. It is the basis of approved denotation, that is, a popular connotation is made a denotation that is standard over a given period of time. The relationship between semantic development and reading and writing skills is centered on the use of words to communicate. Age is a crucial factor that determines the development of reading and writing skills. First, we note that at a young age children first seek to understand before learning to use the words or a language. The word “Dear” The word “dear” is a noun whose synonym is “precious”. The most important semantic property for this word is the rate at which its connotations surpass its denotation. The word means something that is costly or treasured. Some of its connotation meanings are either girlfriend or boyfriend and its use is especially common for people in a relationship. Vocabulary instruction Vocabulary instruction is a vital teaching technique that teaches students to read and improve their knowledge. It encompasses comprehension, fluency, word study and phonemic awareness. The understanding of how important vocabulary is to the learning process allows students to be knowledgeable about their background and enable them to have better comprehension in and out of class. Common core sta
The Cliptomania web store was created to cater to the demand for clip-on earrings. Various demographic populations such as women of varying age and cross-dressers demanded the product. The company was created in 1999. It experienced a steady growth in 2000 and 2001 (Brown, DeHayes, Hoffer, Martin, & Perkins, 2012). In 2002, the owners of the company moved their operations from New Jersey to Indiana (Brown et al., 2012). The issues that the company faced since 2002 were as follows. First, the company faced problems with the services of Paymentech that verified the credit cards. The services were too expensive for Cliptomania. The other problem with the web-based store was the online ordering process and the ineptness of some customers to use online transactions (Brown et al., 2012). The third problem that the company faced was the difference in duty of different countries they delivered their products. For instance, the Canadian import duties made their products almost 60 percent costlier than in America, while most of the foreign sales that the company had was from Canada, or United Kingdom. (Brown et al., 2012) Fifthly, adapting with different cultural differences was difficult for the company, as they failed to globalize their website by adapting it with the Japanese language. Another problem was website listing. Earlier, website was listed based on relevance, however, this norm has changed, and websites now are linked as sponsored links (Brown et al., 2012). As Cliptomania advertised through sponsored links, hence, its advertisement costs had also increased. However, relevancy rankings were still an important part of their marketing process. Further, in 2006 the company faced problems with their web service provider, Yahoo! and decided to change it. When the company changed its URL from cliptomania.com to cliptomania.net , there were no transaction issues as they operated both the websites simultaneously for some time. However, there were serious consequences with their relevancy rating. Due to change in their web address, their relevancy ranking reduced from top five to below top 100. This was a serious problem for the company. One challenge that the company faced was lack of growth of their revenue despite successful business. The reason might be that they have financed all their expansions with their revenue and the other might be the issue they have faced from search engine ratings. Cliptomania’s trademark is used by other competing websites, and Google has refused to deal with the other advertisements appearing under Cliptomania’s trademark (Brown et al., 2012). A SWOT analysis of the company would show that the strength of the company is its product offerings. Clip-on earrings are a niche offering and the company
Introduction Sociological concepts are specific ways in sociology of approaching any given phenomenon. They assist us to get insight picture of the social world that goes beyond justifications that rely on individual characters and idiosyncrasies. They also assist us to view the general social pattern of an individual’s behavior, and they usually presume that official justifications are self-serving and partial. Social perspective involves a conscious endeavor to go past what is obvious and question what is believed to be a common sense or what is believed to be true. It entails upholding objectivity by critically examining ideas, and accepting what may appear to be awkward or astonishing based on the substantiation. They study everything from actual elucidation to extensive generalization (Chadwick, 2001). However, the early sociologists also presented a broad perception of the essentials of society. Their perceptions form the basis for the current theoretical paradigms or points of views, which offers them an orienting outline and an idealistic position for asking particular questions regarding social perspective. Paying closer attention to the concept of women’s social standing, gender aspects are now perceived as attributes of social structures influencing women’s roles and status in culturally and economically predetermined society. In addition, women’s status is also largely dependent on personal experience forming women’s outlook on their position in relation to men. Social Concept: Women’s Social Standing Due to the fact that members of society depend on social structures they live in, they strive to frame everyday situations in accordance with the rules dictated by a particular community. Currently, women are rigidly distinguished from men’ perception of social rules and concepts while being involved in social interaction. This is because they rely on different experiences creating specific frames and blocks of sociological concepts (Macionis and Gerber, 2009, p. 127). While considering women’s statuses in society, it is necessary to make reference to several aspects influencing their position and affiliation to a particular group. Aside from stereotypes ascribed to women, there are many other settings and conditions influencing their behavioral patterns. Depending on the status a women holds in society, she performs various roles, but when there is more than one social position assigned to a women, it can create a set of multiple roles. All these roles are closely associated wi
Abstract Patenting of the BRCA1 and BRCA 2 is a venture that the Patenting Office should assess. Control of the genes and the ethical questions that they raise have been contentious concerns. The patenting authority has the discretion not to patent. The Myriad Genetics Company has been unfairly advantaged over other companies that are willing to conduct research in cancer genes. The ethical questions presented in the case will be resolved to the best interest of the public. Introduction Patents protection in the United States has taken a new direction with the innovation of drugs. Substantial control has been enhanced throughout the world and is more specific in the area of patents. Massive protection of inventions has been ensured under the United Nations treaties. This has been under consistent attack by those who oppose the protection of essential drugs. The World Intellectual Property Organization has spearheaded the protection. The easiest way to understand the protection of patents and the rationale behind them is by appreciating the fact that patents are part of human rights (ACLU, 2012b). Numerous companies in the United States have sought protection for the generic patentability of BRCA1 and BRCA2. The Myriad Genetics Company has maintained that it is entitled to patents of certain procedures related to the cancer genes (Copyright Trademark Patent, n.d.) Overview of BRCA1 and BRCA1 genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 are gene mutations in the human genome that are responsible for causing breast cancer and ovarian cancer in some instances. BRCA1 and BRCA 2 mutations are usually deletions. These genes are mainly hereditary, thus incidences of these genes are found along the family line. An increase in age is also a determinant factor for the presence of these genes, especially the mutations that lead to invasive ovarian cancer (Zhang et al., 2011). The Discovery of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was important since it enhanced the development of targeted treatment for breast and invasive ovarian cancers. Researchers are looking at the possibility of developing treatments that target these mutations. It, therefore, means that companies that may get exclusive rights to the study of these genes will exclude other research companies and individuals from studying the genes, thus delaying the quick discovery of solutions to ovarian and breast cancers. Pros The arguments in the Supreme Court have demonstrated levels of divisions in the legal position in answering the moral question. Some support the companies having a monopoly on the genes. Their main arguments have been based on the fact that once companies patent genes they can use them without any competition. This means that the said companies will not be concerned about other companies making discoveries along that line. This argument is advocated by smaller companies that do not have the financial power to match the competition. The unlikely event that may be caused by such a monopoly is that when bigger companies have the monopoly, smaller companies will not be able to utilize the discovery (Wartburg & Julian, 1999). Secondly, encouragement of research in the private
Introduction This project will cover workplace violence, its evaluation and implementation study and the processes of safety intervention. There are several causes of workplace violence. That can be because some workers think they are better than the others, others do not complete their task thus inconveniencing others during work. Some nurses who have had more time in the field tend to look down upon those who have little experience. There can also be conflict with the clients. The work output is minimal when there is conflict and thus action should be taken to educate the workers and stakeholders on this violence at workplace. Background of the Problem Once a doctor approached a nurse for an intimate relationship but the nurse was not ready so he turned the doctor’s request down. The doctor changed his attitude towards the nurse and he started treating her badly and overworking her because they were colleagues. Due to overwork the output of the nurse started reducing and the doctor always shouted at her when she had not completed her job especially on documentation. There was no communication and these led to some indoor patients being left unattended. The doctor treated the nurse and so she was afraid of reporting. By the time the stakeholders realized that something was wrong the nurse was running into depression. Apart from the nurse being depressed some patient had their health deteriorate due to workplace violence. This prompted the choosing of his particular topic for my project. Problem Statement It is not known when these workers collide with each other and maybe after offending they hardly apologize to one another. This project will focus both the workers, stakeholders and clients. This project will solve this problem of violence as the workers will be taught good communication skills and how to interact with one another. New workers will be reminded their rights to prevent them from being intimidated by those workers who were there before. Better methods on how to solve cases will be implemented and which in turn enhances a good workplace for everyone. Stakeholders will also be taught on how to deal with misunderstandings between colleagues. Purpose of The project The purpose of this project is to ensure that institutions implement the stud on workplace violence and make sure that it is successful. The design for this project is a case study and the methodology used was qualitative analysis. Through these project workers will also know that they ought to work in harmony so that their work output is good. This project mainly involves the patients because they are the affected most when violence occurs in the workplace. This project will ensure that the field of medicine is competent in terms of ensuring the welfare of the patients. Clinical Questions
Introduction It is true to say that parentage has both direct and indirect influence on the academic achievement of the children. The research conducted by cotton & Wikelund (2001) shows that “parent involvement in children’s learning is positively related to achievement and the earlier in a child’s educational process parent involvement begins, the more powerful the effects will be”. Parent involvement involves ensuring that the homework is done, tutoring the children at home or hiring a tutor for them, attending school functions such as prize giving day, closing day ceremonies etc. Parents may also get involved by helping the school in its development by being a committee member of various school development projects. Effects and implications that parenting has on students achievement Children from more learned mothers have greater understanding academically this is supported by the Research Report produced by the Office of Research, Office Educational Research and Improvement (OERI) of the U.S. Department of Education (1993) which indicates that “more highly educated mothers have greater success in providing their children with the cognitive and language skills that contribute to early success in school” the research further shows that “children of mothers with high levels of education stay in school longer than children of mothers with low levels of education” thus they are likely to achieve more academically. Parents’ involvement has bearing on children’s behavior and attitude, these include attitude toward school or toward particular subject areas, self-concept, classroom behavior, time spent on homework, expectations for one’s future, and absenteeism. The first place for parents to participate in their child’s education is at home, when parents are involved in learning activities at home in a particular subject, such as mathematics, their children show higher achievement in that subject.However, those parents with a negative attitude towards certain subjects such as mathematics have their children end up performing poorly in those subjects, this is because those parents are less involved in those subjects and they do not put emphasis on them. According to Project 2061 (1997), parents can promote high achievement, no matter where they live or what their income is, by letting their children know they have high expectations, especially in science and mathematics. Parents can convey the importance of high achievement and increase their child’s self-esteem by setting short-term goals and providing rewards for achieving those goals. Parents, who encourage children’s natural curiosity, watch and learn along with them through modeling the pursuit of lifelong learning, inquiry, and curiosity by reading, asking questions, discussing science-related articles, and visiting museums and science centers succeed in becoming role models for their children simply by continuing their own education. Short and long term implications on education as a result of parent involvement Parent involvement in education is likely to yield posit