ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction International Assets Holding Company is one of the young firms, which are developing in an astonishing manner. Despite having commenced its operations less than three decades ago, its performance is overwhelming and worth recognition. The steady annual revenue turnover exemplifies its intrinsic potential. This report strives to unravel the secret behinds International Assets Holding Corporation steady growth in international market. In addition, the report will briefly give historical perspective of the firms, its global strategy and its operational environment. Finally, explicit analysis of challenges will be done and substantial recommendations presented on how to execute its strategic objectives while bearing in mind the limitations and challenges facing the firm. History International Assets Holding Corporation began its operation in 1981. Since then the corporation has recorded remarkable operational capacities, which is characterized by generic growth coupled with numerous acquisitions and mergers. Generally, International Assets Holding Corporation specializes in foreign exchange trading in merchandise such as precious metals and base metals, farm products, textile among others. It also operates in capital markets and security markets as well as financial services and investment advisers. International Asset Holding Corporation became a public company in 1994 after rigorous operations with positive annual revenues. International Assets Holding Corporation owns a subsidiary called FCStone, which is the most successful firm in risk-management and executive advisor from 1924. The firms started as farmers, company but later it was privatized, its main area of operation was production of farm produce and livestock products. Gradual expansion and acquisitions have reverberated FCStone with expertise and agility to cope with competitions. Due to the accumulation of resources and operation dexterity, FCStone has managed to diverse its outlook internationally (INTLFCStone, 2010). Earlier this year the firm made two major acquisitions; first the Risk Management Inc (RMI) and Hanley Group of Companies. According to the latest Fortune rank, International Asset Holding Corporation occupies 14 th position; this is a reflection of the steady and bold steps in trade. (INTLFCStone, 2010). Strategic Challenges Despite its stable functional positioning and operation prowess, International Asset Holding Corporation is not immune to challenges presented by the international market. The main issues it has to muddle through are an unpredictable market situation, complexity of administration and management, volatility of the market conditions and stiff competition in international markets. PESTEL Analysis PESTEL is an effective tool used to assess the performance of any firm in respect to five fronts, which represents external factors that work against any firm. PESTEL is an acronym for Political, Economical, Sociological, Technological, Enviro
Introduction “Global Woman” is a collection of many essays from different parts of the world. It contains essays from America, Europe and Africa, among other continents. It talks about the challenges facing women in their work environments. The authors epitomize issues facing women from poor countries. These women are forced by circumstances to migrate to developed countries for better lives. However, this does not serve its purpose because they end up raising other people’s children while unable to raise their own children who are left behind. This paper will explore the issues that concern women from developing worlds. Overview of the themes of Global Women The authors provide disheartening stories about women from poor families. They have to choose between staying away from their loved ones and living in dire poverty. This is quite severe on both women and children who grow up without their parents. Several themes have been portrayed in the book. These include “lives of children of transnational families,” “modern day slavery,” “gender imbalance,” poverty and globalization, among others. Some of the topics contained in the book include “sex trafficking and modern day slavery,” “female migration and notions of migration in Sri Lanka,” and “the experience of paid caregivers of disabled people,” among others. The book provides experiences of women from poor backgrounds as well as women’s strive to raise families. Of great concern is the impact of globalization that has allowed sex trafficking. In general, the book discusses issues facing women from developing countries. These range from social to economic issues. Summary of two essays in the book Plight of Filipino maids by Nicole constable This essay gives a story on the plight of housekeepers of Filipino origin in Hong Kong. The author recollects Cathy’s story on her experiences as a house help in Hong Kong. Cathy’s mother is a widow and she (Cathy) is the youngest of 6 siblings. She goes to work in Hong Kong as a helper. The story goes on to list numerous issues faced by Cathy in her search for money and comfort. Firstly, her salary is reduced and ownership of bank account withheld by her employer. Other issues include deviation from minimum wage, among other mistreatments. For instance, she serves last, which confines her to leftovers. In addition, she sleeps in a leaking store, while the family sleeps in a conditioned house. New rules were also created for her, which included salary deduction in case of “misconduct.” From these experiences, it can be seen that modern day slavery is taking shape in developed worlds like Hong Kong against women from developing countries. In addition, freedom of association or expression is denied. Moreover, the right to food and health is also denied. T
Introduction The human society has always been impacted by numerous phenomena that altered its existence and introduced new distinctive features. The evolution of human thought and the development of technologies resulted in the acquisition of new values and approaches appreciated in society. Besides, the significance of changes has always been conditioned by the scale of innovations and new opportunities they provided. For these reasons, modern society could be considered the most fast-developing one as many technologies impact its alteration and contribute to the constant reconsideration of traditional approaches. All spheres of human activity go through the period of changes obtaining new features and approaches nowadays. The sphere of art is not an exception. Being one of the integral parts of any community, it goes along with the social medium and tends to reflect the new ideas and visions. Music, literature, etc. also respond to these processes and acquire new elements which make them more innovative. Yet, the invention of the Interment and its blistering growth poses a significant threat to traditional books and music albums as the online databases provide the possibility to access the needed artwork in a moment. In these regards, there are numerous debates related to the future of books and music albums and the role modern technologies play in the formation of their new image. Background As mentioned above, the growth of various technologies promoted significant changes in the structure of modern society. The scale of these alterations is so significant that it is possible to speak about the revolution that introduced several new approaches and visions 1 . The increased importance of technologies combined with the blistering development of the Internet and social media promoted the rise of the network society characterized by certain peculiarities. First, there is an obvious tendency towards the digitalization of various sources of data to make the process of search and investigation easier. Second, the growth of the importance of social networks and media resulted in the shifts of priority from face-to-face to mediated communication. The combination of these aspects triggered the process of the reconsideration of the approaches towards traditional means of communication and data storage like books, albums, etc. Additionally, the online nature of media has also given rise to a number of concerns related to communication, information exchange, and social relations. Globalization One realizes the fact that the rise of the Internet also promoted the development of globalization as people obtained the new tools that provided numerous opportunities for mediated communication. Moreover, the constant improvement of software used to share feelings and emotions on the Internet resulted in the increased importance of the given tool. People all over the world use the Internet and various social networks to communicate and create new relations. The introduction of the new communication pattern which implies the mediated interchange of thoughts, feelings, emotions, and informat
Introduction The Portuguese empire, commonly referred to as the Portuguese colonial or overseas empire, was among the first global empires in world history (Newitt 54). The empire also registered the longest duration of dominion among the colonial empires of Europe. It ran for about six centuries, starting with the overthrow of Ceuta in 1445 to the liberation of Macau in 1999. It was followed by the events when East Timor was allowed sovereignty in 2002 (Bethencourt and Curto 75). During its dominion, the empire had spread across various territories. In 1949, Portuguese sailors had started touring the African coast in search of the routes that were meant to help them to participate in the trade of spices. In the late 1480s, Dias had reached the Cape of Good Hope. On the other hand, Vasco da Gama arrived in India by the late 15th Century. During 1500, Pedro Cabral discovered Brazil, and in the decades that followed, Portuguese sailors toured East Asia, building factories and forts (Newitt 113). In the early 1570s, Nagasaki and Lisbon were linked through the African coast, India, Middle East, and Asia. The network brought immense wealth to Portugal. Between 1580 and 1640, Portugal entered into a partnership with Spain, which resulted in the rivalry between them and France, Britain, and the Netherlands (Bethencourt and Curto 120). Following the rivalry of the three strong empires and the relatively small population of the Portuguese empire, Portugal could not defend the network of trading points. Thus, the empire experienced a gradual and long decline. The empire lost business to the Dutch during the 17th Century, which resulted at the end of their monopoly in Indian Ocean trade
Cells of ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) express multiple hormone receptor genes, including those encoding receptors for steroidal and peptidal hormones and localized growth factors. We tested a hypothesis that such receptors mediate an upward expression of proliferation-associated proteins viz . cyatokeratins in cycling ewes. To ascertain a direct effect of the hormones, especially estradiol, progesterone and insuline-like growth factor (IGF), we have chosen cultured OSE cells grown in a serum-free medium. For proliferation indication immunocytochemistry with anti-cytokeratin anti-serum was performed, which stained both OSE lining and isolated cells. In serum-free grown cells, foetal calf serum (FCS), fluids from ovine middle and large follicles, and an extract of bovine corpora lutea were added. It was found that FCS enhanced proliferative activity of serum-free cells by 2.5-fold, whereas the follicular and corpora luteal fuids did so to lesser magnitudes. To understand whether steroidal hormomes in tissue samples were responsible, the fuids were cleaned of steroids by passing through charcoal and yet the proliferative influence was maintained. To confirm that factors other than steroids may be responsible for in vitro proliferative response, serum-free cultured OSE cells were treated with recombinant human IGF-1, estradiol and progesterone at three concentrations. Only IGF-1 enhanced proliferatin by 2.2-fold. As IGF-1, like HGF, is a localized growth factor, whose expression is stimulated by gonadotropins mediated through their receptors, it was a matter of interest to evaluate whether expression of FSH and LH receptors in OSE cells was similar or different in the OSE layer in proximity to corpus luteum, large preantral follicle and the undifferentiated stroma. About 2-4 fold higher expression in the area close to large follicle indicates that maximum gonadotropin-mediated proliferation takes place just prior to ovulation.
It is but natural that in the era of cloud computing, some companies have come up with specific applications and even operating systems appropriate for cloud computing. Thus, creators of Google have come up with a specific application, Google Chrome O/S (Adee 32). This operating system is designed (and suitable) for those who mainly spend their computing time online. The applications available are suitable for major tasks fulfilled. Chrome O/S is sometimes confused with Google Chrome. However, these are absolutely different things. Thus, Google Chrome is a web browser, not a computing system. Google Chrome is an application, whereas Google Chrome O/S is a computing system that contains several applications. As for Google Chrome, it is necessary to note that this application meets many requirements of users (Adee 34). Firstly, the browser is quick enough, which is one of the major demands of users. Secondly, the application takes less memory. This is also very important as now users have lots of important, interesting, or just occasional applications on their computers. Many of these applications take up a lot of memory, so users do not want to ‘waste’ their computer’s memory for such a trifle as an Internet browser, which is still very important as there are fewer and fewer people who do not have access to the Internet. Works Cited Adee, Sally. “Chrome the Conqueror.” IEEE Spectrum 1.1 (2010): 30-35. Print.
The name of the organization under consideration is Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The organization is involved in offering philanthropic work to various social and science activities. Before identifying relevant costs I will need to define what are relevant and irrelevant costs. Relevant cost is the expetected future cost that differs among alternative course of action under consideration. This means a relevant cost is future cost that affects a decision making while selecting, it must also differ among the altertenative course of action. If cost does not differ among the courses of action meaning it does not matter to the decision then it is irrelevant cost. In these case study relevant costs has been identified as direct charitable expenses and program and administration expenses directly attributable to the programs to be undertaken. Depreciation charged is an relevant cost as well allocated general overhead. Allocated general overhead will be incurred whether the decision is made to increase funding to HIV/ AIDS, Malaria, Tuberclosis and Housing these four costs have been analyzed together with the released funds as shown below: The organization was making a decision as to whether change funding structure of the different philanthropic activities or do away with some. Depreciation and Federal excise & other taxes are costs that have been allocated to the programs but are incurred whether programs exist or not.. Thus they not directly associated with the programs. Therefore, they are irrelevant to this particular decision and thus will not be considered when making this decision. The relevant costs will be direct charitable expenses and program and admin expenses. After considering relevant cost, the decision is not to adjust the current funding or do away one activity since all of them have a positive contribution that adds to the assets. The performance of a fund manager responsible for running a program will be measured using these costs as calculated that is excluding irrelevant. This is because a manager should be held responsible for the costs that are under their direct control. These costs are at his control and he can freely to make a decision about increasing or decreasing. In this case federal taxes and depreciation becomes irrelevant costs since they are allocated. Direct charitable and program expenses are relevant cost. The costs that are relevant must different in the options, those cost that are uniform are irrelevant costs. Lastly, qualitative and quantitative factors should be considered in decision making.
From where do Walter Mitty’s ideas of heroism seem to come from? The brain is the media in which the heroism of Walter Mitty’s ideas was derived. The short story takes us through a roller-coaster ride by changing at the beginning of different scenes caused by interruptions. It is impossible for one to be in a fighter jet and later be in his car, driving the wife to the beauty parlor. The scenes that portray Walter Mitty as a hero are happening in his imagination. In the first heroic scene, he is powering a navy hydroplane. However, in the second scene, he becomes a brilliant surgeon and helps repair a broken machine. In the third scene of heroism, he is in a courtroom answering for a trial. The fourth scene presents him as he wants to volunteer, taking off a warplane so that he can fight the war against Germany. All these scenes are in his imagination, and they are triggered by his surroundings. Why does Walter Mitty pretend? There can be two possible reasons as to why Walter Mitty pretends. The first is because he has a mental challenge. This can be proved when the wife suggests that he sees Dr. Renshaw, and while waiting for her in the lobby, she wanted to check his temperature as soon as they got back home. Additionally, he feels he is unworthy in the real world, and the environment around him trigger his actions. Flying a hydroplane was triggered by driving. The ideology of being a brilliant surgeon was triggered by wearing gloves. The scene in which Walter is answering to a trial case was triggered by his forgetfulness of the things his wife sent him and volunteering to fight Germany is triggered by a newspaper with the headline “Can Germany Conquer the World through the Air?” What do we expect to happen that doesn’t happen in this story? Our expectations concerning the ending of the imaginary stories are all incomplete. As a result, they are also affected by interruptions in the real world. As he was powering the navy hydroplane, they were ready to launch out missile number 8. As soon as they are about to launch, the scene is switched back. Another example is shown as he was about to start a surgery procedure. He had his coat on, and the nurse was about to hand him a shining tool. Another unexpected end was in the courtroom when he answered a question, and pandemonium broke in the courtroom. He was about to say something, and the scenes changed back to the store. As he was facing the firing squad, it is totally unclear whether he survived or died in the process. It is also uncertain if the last sc
This refers to tangible and intangible assets, services, and funds that are transferred within an organization, that is, goods from the parent company may be sold to a branch of the parent company in a foreign country, or goods from the production department may be sold to the sales or marketing division just within the organization. (Charles, 2005) Mechanisms that set prices for such transactions within the organization and between third parties may not apply in this case because the prices are set within the organization hence they are controlled. The allocation of the total profit between the different parts of the company is affected by the choice of the transfer price. This has been a major headache or problem for the authorities concerned with fiscal matters because they have been worried that the entities that are multi-national may set their own transfer prices on cross-border transactions in order to reduce profits that are taxable and which are within their jurisdiction. As a result transfer pricing regulations and enforcements have been established and due to this transfer pricing has become one of the major tax compliance which is practiced by multinational companies. The economic theory behind optimal transfer pricing explains that optimal refers to the transfer pricing that increases the firm’s overall profits in a situation where there are no taxes. (Andy, 2006) There are many factors that influence the transfer prices that are made use of by the multinationals and this includes import quotas, VAT, performance measurement, custom duties, the accounting systems capabilities, taxes on profits, and in many scenarios transfer pricing is also influenced by not having attention to the pricing. From the theory of marginal price determination, it is well known that the output optimum level is the point where the marginal revenue of the firm is equal to the marginal cost. In this perspective, a firm can continue with its production activities as long as the marginal revenue experienced from additional sales remains higher than the marginal costs. However, when a firm decides to sell its products to itself, the external market for that type of good is absent and the scenario becomes more complex but the final results remain the same. The optimum quantity and price as well as the demand curve remain the same. The total marginal costs can however be separated from the marginal costs of production. In the same perspective, the marginal revenue for the total firm can also be separated from the marginal revenue which s associated with the production division and this is what is called the Net Marginal Revenue (NMR) and it is calculated by subtracting the marginal costs of distribution from the marginal revenue. If the division responsible for production is able to sell in a competitive market the transfer goods as well as sell its goods internally then both must operate where their marginal revenue is equal to marginal cost in order to realize profit maximization. Then it means that the firm must accept the transfer price that is determined by market forces and therefore becoming a price taker and in this regard, the demand for tr