ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Areas of vulnerability should not be developed to ensure coastal ecosystems are intact. Such regions are already prone to recurring coastal storms or erosion; thus, putting up developments degrades the natural systems that should be always preserved. Further, developers should not be allowed to build structures in vulnerable coastal areas to maintain natural beach events such as sand transport, which may destroy sites that were previously sustained (Clark, 2018). Governments at all levels (federal, state, or local) should be at the forefront of funding mitigation strategies and projects geared toward protecting coastal lands. In addition to the government providing financial support, they should also strengthen and implement field strategies intended to protect coastal regions. Leaders at all levels of government should ensure that the initiatives that offer platforms for state, federal, and local activities are supported in sustainable ways. Moreover, the private sector can play a significant role in preventing further degradation of the affected lands. The industry can publish materials to educate the public on the importance of preserving marine environments both in the short and long run. In addition, it can organize workshops and establish regional networks to involve many players in reclaiming degraded lands (Clark, 2018). Given the negative impacts of developments along with coastal lands, sustainable strategies should be put in place to protect these areas. For example, organic agriculture can be utilized to reduce the number of issues that result from the use of farm inputs like fertilizers. Furthermore, people should be sensitized to plant trees to minimize erosion and, consequently, preserve the lands (Cetin, 2016). It is critical to state that all the strategies should be aimed at attaining the best ecosystems at the coast.
In our daily endeavours, we are constantly faced with decisions that beg for moral reasoning. We choose our friends according to our moral considerations. An analysis of an individual’s actions may inform our mental faculties about whether the individual is virtuous or vicious. But the actions can be studied in different perspectives depending on the moral philosophies of various scholars, one of them being Emmanuel Kant. According to Kant, moral requirements are based on a principle of rationality that he called Categorical Imperative (CI). Practical reasoning must indeed reveal that for individuals to be perceived as rational beings, they must be seen to conform to certain instrumental principles (Hare, p. 23). Immoral or vicious life must therefore constitute a violation of the categorical imperative – an action perceived as irrational. This essay aims at discussing if moral human beings can form personal friendships with individuals considered vicious based on Kant’s principle of a morally virtuous life. In his own argument, Kant opined that a rational will must be perceived as free or autonomous in the sense that the individual must be allowed free will to author the law that binds the rational will. In other words, the categorical imperative, or the fundamental principle guiding the morality of an individual, should be nothing else apart from the principle of an autonomous will. Kant’s moral philosophy is therefore based on the conception of reason that is governed by passions rather than the concept of “human slave” (Kerner 11). Individuals must therefore be guided by the self-governing concept of reason in deciding about the moral rightness or wrongness of action as opposed to a universally held view. According to Kant, virtue is defined as “the moral strength of a human being’s will in fulfilling his duty” (Jones, 2003). Accordingly, vice is defined as principled immorality. For a person to be perceived as virtuous, he must be evaluated on account of an existing moral duty. Virtues are perceived as explicable only in reference to a prior account of dutiful or moral behaviour, rather than treating behaviour traits as more basic than the notions of right or wrong (Kant 2002). In other words, individuals must never base their moral conduct on some pre-existing conditionalities of how society perceives good character but rather by their philosophical account of a rational agency. The overriding principle in Kant’s argument is that any moral being must be rational. In reference to the essay topic, the virtuous individual must consider the intentions of the relationship before embracing the vicious man. If the relationship is based on rational engagement based on ‘goodwill,’ then there will be no grounds to deny the friendship according to Kant’s mo
Introduction Katrina was the 11th storm of the Atlantic storm season, which got its name. It started June 1, 2005. New Orleans’ worst previous storm adversity happened 40 years ago when Hurricane Betsy came to the Gulf Coast. It stays unclear how many the hurricane killed but is more obscure how many stayed homeless, as documents of most people had been lost. After I had seen those homeless I instantly felt that something changed in me. Homelessness had never impressed me so much before. I just felt that it is not their fault, and they did not deserve to suffer. It may be difficult to explain, but sometimes people feel pity for others. Main body It happened when our tennis team had to stay in Houston after the contest in El Paso. We had to wait as the flight had been delayed. Those hurricane refugees, wandering along the city impressed everyone from our team. But no one made any conclusions except me. I have decided to devote some time to the Red Cross as a volunteer after graduating college. This decision was definitely crucial for my further life: I have decided to become a doctor to help suffering people. And I definitely know, that if I fail – I will become an expert in the financial sphere. Anyway, I will devote my time to Red Cross: either being a doctor and curing people or making charity being a businessman. Actually, the dramatic effect was added by the fact, that our team was placed second in the contest after a hard victory. We all were happy and had wings, but the picture of really miserable people acted like a hammer for our heads: when someone discusses the rumors about the opposing teams, the unjust judge, and so on, some even can not get enough food and have to hide from the rain in the airport building. For the whole way home I could not get those homeless out of my head. I can not tell that I am very impressive, but the horror of the situation had impressed me deeply. I had never imagined before, that natural disasters can have such drastic consequences. And if such catastrophes happen all over the world, there must be someone or something that will be able to help. According to the official statistics, approximately 1.2 million people work as volunteers for the Red Cross all over the world. It is known, that its aim is to help those who suffer most. Every day, the American Red Cross helps people in emergencies. whether it is half a million disaster victims or one sick child who needs blood. Its work is made probable by people like me, people who offer a helping hand. Red Cross volunteers come from all over the world. They are of all ages: young people, nurses, sen
In relation to building construction, Code of Practice may be defined as a particular set of standards, procedures, and regulations to which a contractor and developer should adhere to manage potential environmental consequences caused by construction works. For large clients, local authorities, and public bodies, it is applied to new developments and sets out requirements related to the impact of construction. It aims to provide guidance within the framework of legal, administrative, and technical systems for the protection of workers, the environment, and the public and control over major hazard installations. According to the code, by arranging separation between large centers of population, including housing, shops, schools, and hospitals, and major hazard installations and developing appropriate emergency planning, major accidents that may occur at these installations will be prevented. Code of Practice is applied to major hazard installations identified on the basis of a list of hazardous substances associated with threshold quantities. They require priority attention due to the potential for causing highly serious incidents that may negatively impact the environment and people. Thus, major hazard installations include oil refineries, petrochemical and chemical works, storage of flammable liquids, gas, and liquefied petroleum gas, fertilizer works, chemical warehouses, and water treatment works connected with chlorine. Nuclear hazards, hazards of a military nature, and the transportation of potentially hazardous chemicals are excluded from the code due to the differences in their control and management. In general, the code includes a list of activities for competent authorities that should be performed in order to establish major hazard control systems for the prevention of incidents. Competent authorities include government inspectorates and safety authorities, police, local authorities, workers and their representatives, works managements, fire and health authorities, suppliers of major hazard technologies, and other involved organizations.
Despites various legalizations in the prevention of repeat DUI offenses, research shows that the do little in the prevention of first time DUI offenses. Studies on the effectiveness of DUI laws and legislation produce a wide variety of results. Furthermore, some research relies on self-reporting, rather than the use of statistical data from courts, government agencies and other databases. To gain a better understanding of the effectiveness of DUI legislation, much research focuses on rates of recidivism, or repeat DUI offenses. A study of offenders in the Commonwealth of Virginia’s VASAP program indicates that those who failed to complete the program were more likely to receive a second DUI and have their license revoked, regardless of prior knowledge of consequences for subsequent DUIs (Williams, et al, 2000). The results of the study of VASAP indicate that interventions rather than legislation act as a greater deterrent in repeat DUI offenses. “A conviction for DUI and the incumbent penalties are not a deterrent from continued drinking and driving for some offenders” (LaBrie et al, 2007, p. 604). The authors suggest that tougher or harsher consequences for such offenders will do little to deter this group from future DUI offenses. Furthermore, those committing offenses, whose profiles fit specific criminal typologies, are generally more likely to commit crimes involving substance abuse. For these offenders, DUI is only one aspect of the criminal behavior, so they are less likely to be deterred by laws in general, regardless of the crimes they are intend
Background of Danny Boyle Perhaps the most talented and successful man in the filmmaking industry is the English filmmaker and film director, Danny Boyle. Born on October 20 in 1956 in the town of Radcliffe to Irish parents from the Galway County , Danny Boyle emerged as an outstanding filmmaker within England. 1 Raised in a Christian family of the Irish Catholic environment with his mother being a priest, Boyle grew with theistic values by serving as an altar boy. Throughout his early life to the age of 14 years, Christian values were inherent, but he gradually began engaging in a theatrical drama and emerged as a dramatist. 2 Danny Boyle soon realized his potency in drama and art industry and made a decision to join a training college in Bolton and later advanced his studies on English and Drama in university. One of his remarkable moves towards expounding his knowledge in drama and acting was his social approach in university that made him befriend and date Frances Barber, who remains a recognized actress to date. 3 Upon graduating, Danny Boyle joined Joint Stock Theater Company and started his caree
Overview of the case of cost cutting measures Organisational growth depends on many aspects of management that work in a complementary way to determine how organisations perform (DuBrin, 2009). The most important managerial aspects of organisations are financial and human resource management. Financial departments of organisations back the working of other departments including the human management practices. Organisations often work on minimising costs through cutting expenditures so that the profits can be maximised. Most of organisations and especially those working for financial outcomes work on the basis of minimising costs and maximising profits. Cost cutting measures are commonly practiced by organisations. This is especially in times when organisations seem to experience financial difficulties that are bound to reduce profit making. In such cases, organisational leaders have to sit and deliberate on how to cut costs. They must identify activities that ought to be eliminated so as to minimise the costs without further impacts on the performance of the organisation. This is what is being revealed in this case study. The focus is on how an organisation or global industry is deliberating on cost cutting measures due to an eminent financial crisis. The organisation is bound to work at a loss, and organisational leaders are deliberating on cost cutting measures so as to tame the losses (Andrews, 2009). Cost cutting measures are often arrived at after deliberations from organisational leaders. In this case, the organisational executives are involved in deliberating on cost minimisation so as to rescue the financial situation of the organisation. These executives include the chief executive officer of the organisation who is also the president of the company; the chief human resource manager of the company and the chief financial officer. In cost cutting deliberations, each of the stakeholders gives views or thoughts on the organisational function that has to experience cuts. Some cost cutting measures may not be economically helpful to an organisation and thus have to be justified and if possible eliminated. The outstanding issues in the concerns the conduct of cost cutting measures and especially the choice of functions that deserve cost cuts. In this case, the company seems to be of the view that the training function is not much beneficial and thus the training budget can be cut. This is in contrast to the modern human resource management perspective that view training as one of the core functions of organisational development (Kandula, 2007). Cost cutting views In this case, the financial department of the company had identified adjustments in the human resource department. This opinion was also backed by the chief executive officer. The opinion of the human resource officer was that the human resource activities were consuming a lot of financial resources. Therefore, the suggestion from the chief financial officer is that the budget of the human resource department should be cut by eliminating a number of functions among them, the human resource development aspect. According to the chief financ
Executive Summary The company is an icon of press freedom. The New York Times masthead is instantly recognizable around the world. It is a trusted brand when it comes to journalism. It is highly valuable source of reliable news information. However, print publication is in decline. It is due the existence of non-traditional media competitors. Advertisers have found an alternative means of delivering advertising content and it is negatively affecting the profitability of The New York Times. In order to survive these trying times the company must learn to embrace digital technology as well as collaborate with established companies like Google and Facebook in order to interact with hundreds of millions of users that would be impossible to accomplish using traditional means. Mission The purpose of the newspaper is written confidently in each daily issue and it says: “All the news that’s fit to print” (Hitt, Ireland, & Hoskisson, 2009, p.237). It is a statement that encapsulates the commitment to print news and to inform the public of the important things that the public needed to know. It provided differentiation from other newspaper publishers because it is easier to sell newspapers rather than to adhere to strict journalistic standards. This explains the steady rise of The New York Times from a fledgling company into a globally recognized brand. External Analysis Using the 5 forces model the problems of The New York Times can be understood in a more scientific way. Looking at the first factor one can see the significance of the tough competition that the company faces in the newspaper publishing industry. The presence of three giant media companies like Gannet Co, Inc., The Washington Post Company and News Corporation is enough to take a major slice of the market share. In addition these three companies are capitalized much better than The New York Times and as a result the company owned by the Ochs-Sulzberger cannot mount a serious counter-attack to recoup losses and increase its circulation and of course the advertisers willing to pay significant amounts of money for publishers with millions of subscribers. The only positive thing that reduces the impact of The New York Times’ problems is the fact that it is difficult for new entrants to complicate the competition even further. It is extremely difficult for competitors to set-up a traditional publishing company. It is cost-prohibitive. Based on the significant decline of the earning potential of print publication, it would be close to impossible to find investors willing to spend money on this kind of enterprise. When it comes to the bargaining power of suppliers the company has to worry about the quality of the writers and editors under its employ. The New York Times has the bargaining power over writers and editors because of the economic downturn and the difficulty of making money in this industry means that the
Students have to face lots of challenges, and many young people feel stressed most of the time. The current grading system may seem unfair as it makes people focus on their grades instead of learning new things. I do not find it that monstrous, but the system still may be improved slightly. I do not see an alternative to grading as it is a way to understand the level of knowledge in some disciplines. However, I agree with Dr. Dweck that it is time to stop seeing issues as a failure. It is possible to provide grades, but it is also important to mention specific areas for improvement. Dr. Dweck’s speech made a great impression on me and made me reflect on my own school experiences and my current mindset. According to this TED speaker, students feel they are complete failures and do not want to move on (Dweck, 2014). The psychologist also stresses that it is important to make young people develop the “growth mindset” (Dweck, 2014). I am happy to be the one who has this kind of mindset. Without knowing about the power of yet, I always tried to learn hard whenever I received a low grade. However, even with this approach to studies, I sometimes felt I failed. Millions of children feel that way most of their time at school. They do not have growth mindsets, and no one shows them other ways. Teachers simply focus on grades and try to reward excellent performance, but it is high time to reward the process and effort. I do not think my school life would have changed if Dr. Dweck’s approach was used when I was a high-school student. I was lucky to have a winning view of the learning process, but the adoption of these principles in the educational system would be beneficial for millions of American students now. Reference Dweck, C. (2014). The power of believing that you can improve [Video file]. Web.
Case Description There is a business opportunity to purchase 80 acres of prime farmland in Illinois for 80,000 dollars, which can be used to grow corn (Brickley, Smith, & Zimmerman, 2015). With the announcement by the US government to increase the production of corn-based ethanol as a substitute for gasoline, the idea is to sell corn to the refineries and extract a profit from that. According to various sources, the venture is risk-averse, as it is always possible to sell the land later at a profit, once the farmland prices grow. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the potential profitability of the venture. SWOT Analysis   * Strengths: Prime farmland would yield large volumes of corn, resulting in higher-than-average harvests.   * Weaknesses: Lack of experience in farming, additional expenses for employees, equipment, and preparation of the land for growing corn.   * Opportunities: Profits from selling corn to ethanol plants, benefitting from the overall increase in corn demand by 45% in 2020 (Doran, 2018).   * Threats: High competition, failure to provide the necessary volumes to break-even, lack of workers to collect corn. Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Competition in the Industry Competition in the corn industry in Illinois is high. Corn is one of the region’s prime crops, and there is a multitude of farms that produce it (“Corn,” n.d.). At the same time, the competitors already present at the market have a well-established list of contacts to sell their products to, which is something the new business would have to develop on their own. Potential of New Entrants to the Industry The potential of new entrants to the industry is medium. To produce corn, it is required to buy land and farming equipment, such as tractors, tools, corn collectors, etc. Besides, farming corn would require hiring seasonal workers to plow the field and gather the crops. As illustrated by the case study, buying 80 acres of land in Illinois would require 80,000 dollars, and additional expenses needed to start the farming would estimate to just as much, amounting to a total of 160,000 dollars (Brickley et al., 2015). Power of Suppliers The power of corn suppliers at the moment is medium-weak due to high competition. However, it is estimated to grow as the demand for corn for domestic consumption, and ethanol production would grow. Considering the existing political climate, food production plants and ethanol refineries are more likely to buy the products domestically rather than abroad, further improving the power of suppliers. Power of Customers As it stands, the power of customers is medium-high because the US is the largest corn producer in the world, with access to foreign markets in China and Brazil. However, with the expected increase in corn consumption and the worsening of the relations between the US and China, domestically-produced corn is going to become more valuable, contributing to the diminishing of customer bargaining power (“Corn,” n.d.). The Threat of Substitute Products Due to the iniqu