ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
“An Ex-Slave Recalls Migrating Across the Prairie, 1936″ implies memories of Bill Simms, who was a slave in Missouri and managed to migrate to Ottawa, where he began a new life. In general, the information is presented in monologue format, which was recorded in 1936 by an interviewer. The text was the part of the project “Slave Narrative: A Folk History of Slavery in the United States from Interviews with Former Slaves” (“An Ex-Slave Recalls Migrating Across the Prairie, 1936” 42). Therefore, the chapter includes a description of a lifestyle as a slave and significant changes after the escapade. This text is insightful and unique in its own way, as it allows to observe the living conditions of this category of the population. Bill Simms highlights the hardships he had to encounter while being a slave. For instance, his older sister was sold to another owner, as his master needed money. In addition, Bill Simms marks: “We never knew what boughten clothes were” (“An Ex-Slave Recalls Migrating Across the Prairie, 1936” 42). Slaves were not allowed to speak to white people unless their master was acquainted with them due to the likelihood of the escapade. In general, masters attempted to keep their slaves in ignorance (“An Ex-Slave Recalls Migrating Across the Prairie, 1936” 42). However, the interviewee claims that his master was among kind and pleasant ones and did not mention any violence in his or his family’s regard. The reason why Bill Simms left his master’s home was the willingness of his relatives to receive a wealthy heritage, which may lead to the murder of all the slaves. After the escapade, the life of the slave changed drastically. He could earn sufficient sums of money in order to afford everything, which citizens could do. His daughters could enter school and university and receive an appropriate education. Bill Simms notices that his oldest daughter was the first colored girl, which finished that school (“An Ex-Slave Recalls Migrating Across the Prairie, 1936” 43). Therefore, the living conditions of the former slave became decent, comparing to his life at the master’s house. This story may provide the readers with numerous insights about the historical period, when Bill Simms lived. It is possible to notice that slavery still existed, though masters tended to treat them better than it was even a century ago. In addition, they were feared by the likelihood of their escapade. However, the living conditions of slaves were still poor, and they were significantly restricted. Another feature of this period is a tendency to gradually overcoming racism, as a colored girl could enter educational institutes. Moreover, Bill Simms could employ for a decent position and supply his family with everything they needed. The text has some connections with “The Frontier as a Place of Ethnic and Religious Conflict”, written by Limerick. The author addresses the same topic, as Bill Simms told, though she proposed another perspective on this issue. Predominantly, Limerick describes the problem, which
Introduction Amazon is a leading global company in the online bookselling industry. The company has 32 million customers in approximately 150 countries. In addition, there are more than 900,000 sites and associate programmes that links users to Amazon.com (Johnson 2011). Amazon was founded as Amazon.com, Inc. by Jeff Bezos. With its headquarters in Seattle, Washington, Amazon has enjoyed immense growth and at the moment, it is regarded as United States’ leading online retailer. As of January 2010, Amazon.com recorded internet sales revenue that was three times that of Staples, Inc., its runner up (Amazon.com 2010). Upon inception, Amazon.com operated as an online bookstore. However, as time went by, Amazon deemed it necessary to diversify its operations. This is how then that the company got itself involved in the business of selling DVDs, video games, MP3 downloads, and CDs. Other products sold by Amazon include apparel, toys, electronics, food, furniture, and computer software. Amazon also offers international shipping for a number of its products to certain countries. The paper presents a SWOT analysis of Amazon. In addition, a PEST analysis of the company is also provided, along with the Porter’s five forces as they impact on Amazon. Also, the Porter’s value chain of Amazon is addressed as well. The market served by Amazon and the potential challenges that could face the company in these markets is addressed as well. SWOT Analysis Strengths Amazon still remains the leading global online retailer of various educative and entertaining media products and books. Two factors are responsible for the recognition of Amazon as a powerful brand across the globe (Barry 2011). Within a period of 10 years, the company had managed to amass a customer base of 30 million. Amazon pioneered e-commerce technologies (Hansell 2008). The business strategy for Amazon benefits immensely from sound information technology and customer relationship management that the company practices (Briggs 2008). Amazon utilizes data on the buyer behavior and this has enabled the company to provide them with specific items that they seek, on the basis of their preference. As a result, this has helped to increase customer loyalty (Halkias 2010). The product portfolio for Amazon is quite diverse and includes such products as CD/DVDs and books, among others. Weaknesses The brand image of Amazon is at risk in as far as the issue of product expansion is concerned. In this case, Amazon product portfolio now includes other products besides books. As the leading online retailer, an increase in products offering could in fact result in a weakened brand owing to possible confusion on the part of the consumers. It is important for online retailers to focus more on the issue of technology. In this case, constant system maintenance is necessary so that there are no delays in
Introduction A nursing theory is a framework developed to organize knowledge and define the discipline more clearly (Cowden & Cummings, 2012). The suppositions promote quality patient care and provide solutions to various problems in the nursing practice. The theories are used to resolve challenges in both educational, research, and administration settings. In addition, they are applied when directly helping patients. In this paper, the author will analyze middle-range theories and their application in the nursing profession. The conjectures are more concrete and narrow compared to grand theories (Cowden & Cummings, 2012). The reason behind this is because they contain a limited number of variables and prepositions. In spite of this, they can be used to resolve a wide range of clinical research queries. There are a number of middle-range theories in the nursing discipline. One of the most commonly used includes Orlando’s supposition of the nursing process. Another one is Watson’s theory of human caring. There is also Peplau’s model of interpersonal relations. In this paper, the author will discuss how middle-range theories can be used by leaders and managers in the nursing profession to improve patient satisfaction and care delivery. A number of problems and issues in nursing will be discussed. Under each problem, a strategy that can be used to resolve it will be provided. In addition, there will be an analysis of ethical concerns in the profession. Other aspects to be discussed include models of leadership needed to enhance staff engagement and how middle-range theories can be applied in community settings. Analysis of Problems and Issues in Nursing and Strategies to Resolve them from the Perspectives of Middle-Range Nursing Theories The Issue of Patient Satisfaction and Improved Care Delivery In the healthcare field, nurses work their level best to promote patient satisfaction and improve the quality of care provided. In spite of these efforts, they face challenges that may negatively impact on their ability to offer quality services (Kalish & Lee, 2011). One strategy to deal with the problem involves the use of the theory of nursing process. In the framework, Orlando stresses on the need for a reciprocal nurse-patient relationship. To this end, the major goal of healthcare providers is to identify and meet the immediate needs of an ailing individual (Longo, 2010). However, before making decisions, the practitioner should determine the patient’s behaviors and need for help. In addition, nurses should offer their services to people within any setting. One ethical issue related to the application of this strategy is the need to enhance patient involvement. The theory als
RFID technology RFID technology was identified as an original artifact designed to solve logistic and supply issues connected with production, scheduling, planning, and control. This artifact should be used at all supply chain levels to ensure timely supply, maintenance, and product delivery. Today it is not easy to imagine a successful aviation company that does not embrace a similar solution. This choice would be further discussed in accordance with the LSCM Body of Knowledge Matrix. Knowledge/Application Area Nowadays, more and more aircraft are filled with sensors that report flight conditions, length, and plane performance to airlines, airports, and manufacturers. In general, radio frequency identification (RFID) technology allows reading information gathered by so-called tags with the reader’s help using radio waves (Oberle, 2020). RFID sensors fit “the Production, Planning, Scheduling, and Control” knowledge application area because this artifact is developed for better product tracking during all manufacturing stages. This knowledge is essential as it is capable of automatic information collection. What is more, the system based on RFID technology may instantly inform suppliers, manufacturers, and clients of the real-time location of the cargo. According to Miller (2017), this artifact helps build a lean supply chain and increases all related operations’ efficiency. The bottom line of a manufacturer depends on the timely arrival of aircraft parts and interior designs. For instance, Airbus lost $5.3 billion due to a terrible delay in the supply of already approved engines for the new jets (Miller, 2017). It ultimately made Qatar Airways cancel its order; thus, efficiency on all supply chain levels is essential. RFID sensors together with IoT comprise a powerful duo that quickly solves similar problems. Accurate tracking information could inform Airbus’s suppliers in time, and the company would not lose potential revenue. Thus, this artifact improves scheduling and facilitates planning and control due to the abundance of collected information. Optimization Modelling and Solution Techniques This artifact perfectly fits the optimization modeling and solution techniques cell since its main benefit is cost-cutting related to the elimination of delays and better maintenance planning. With the help of RFID technologies, technicians are able to identify potential technical problems and predict when aircraft parts will require replacement, repair, or service. It saves the time needed for physical examination of aircraft fleet, requires fewer MRO professionals, and supports maintenance histories. All the mentioned measures decrease the operating costs of the carrier. Another point of consideration is that RFID sensors reduce the possibility of accidents and errors caused by the depreciation of components. Enhanced control over aircraft performance and accurate predictions based on ga
Introduction Sleep can be defined as a lowered ability of reaction to stimuli though can be easily reversed than a coma or hibernation in some animals. Characteristically, almost all muscles that are involuntary become inactive during sleep. Sleep can be easily defined as a recurring state of lacking consciousness with suspension of the sensory abilities. Sleep disorders on the other hand or somnipathy refers to a disorder of patterns of sleeping in a person or even animals. Various symptoms of sleep disorders do exist. One of the most common is daytime sleepiness. This is mostly characterized by sleepiness which is persistent, and a feeling of low or lacking energy. There are various ways of measuring the level and degree of daytime sleepiness. Although the objective measure, MSLT (Multiple Sleep Latency Test) bears a gold standard consideration, there exists other ways like the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the Stanford Sleepiness Scale which are inexpensive and require less time to conduct (Takegami, 2009). Epworth Sleepiness Scale (E.S.S) ESS is defined as a questionnaire that can be self-administered with only 8 questions. It provides that persons average propensity of sleep during daytime. This method was first introduced by Dr John Murray in Australia while at the Hospital of Epworth in Melbourne. The method or standard has gained popularity and is now used worldwide for making sleepiness assessments. Workings of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale This simple method uses questionnaires which have a scale of between 0 and 3. The questionnaires are meant to find out the probability of sleeping in eight different scenarios engaged by most people even if not every day. Since dozing off depends on the number of times a person happens to be in a position that would cause them to doze off, individuals are not asked how often in particular situations do they doze off. The mental judgment required is easily made meaningfully by most people. A sum ranging from 0 to 24 of the score on the eight items makes the total score of the ESS. Even without assistance these answers are known to be easily provided within 3 minutes. A score of 10 or more may indicate excessive sleepiness and a further doctor’s evaluation may be necessary. Validity and reliability of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale Despite the fact that the Multiple Sleep Latency Test is considered a gold standard on which other sleepiness measurements ought to be compared, the ESS can be said to be quite valid and reliable. The fact that more than one sleep propensity situation is measured by ESS gives it a more validity edge. This is from the fact that a persons sleep propensity in a situation might differ given another situation. Patients experiencing sleep disorders of various kinds are known to have had ESS scores that have significantly correlated with the mean latency of sleep measured by MSLT (Murray, 1991). Patients of sleep disorders have also been distingui
Introduction HTC Corporation is a company producing mobile handset, founded in 1997 by Cher Wang, HT Cho, and Peter Chou, as the chairperson, Director of Board & chairperson and the president and the CEO of the corporation respectively. Based in Taiwan, the company has since been the producer of the operator devices that currently dominates the market in the world. Its association with the leading mobile operators has led to its popularity among the world’s major markets in the Europe, Asia, and the United States. In the recent past, HTC has been one of the fastest upcoming mobile handset production companies in the world. It was ranked number 3 in the Business Week global ranking in 2006 and was ranked the second in Asia the following year. Mission The mission of HTC Corporation was to be the leading pioneering manufacturer of tools used in communication and information technology like mobile handsets and notebook computers. This would be enhanced by provision of quality services and logistics. Purpose of the Research The research on HTC Corporation was conducted in order to explore the company’s setting and strategies to obtain information that could be of use even to those companies that compete with it. A study on the prevailing business environment in the company by SWOT analysis would reveal whether the company meets the required specifications. Challenges and their possible solutions are also considered. It is also aimed at assessing the extent to which the company digs into the world market. Particularly, it explores the company’s investments in countries outside Taiwan and outside the Asian continent as well. In case the company has gone into the world market, the research explores some of the benefits the company has received and some of the areas that need reinforcement. Finally, the research looks at the leadership of the company. What are the reputations of some of the key figures in the company that could be viewed as a marketing strategy? Possible problems that could be seen in the structure are explored and recommendations given on how to handle them. The business environment of HTC Corporation- SWOT Analysis In the SWOT analysis, the business structure and operations of the company is studied. When and why the company started and the products it deals in are discussed. It provides the organization with the information on the resources it has, and the way they can be used in reaction to the prevailing external environment. The analysis is invalid if no objective solution can be obtained for the threats and weakness identified (Smith para2). HTC Corporation has been a pioneer, developer, and manufacturer of portable mobile products. Its products include smartphones, PDAs phones, and touch phones alongside many other products. These products use Microsoft windows Mobile or Android operating systems. The company also deals in the development of software for mobile applications like Interface software, operating sys
The damage to fish populaces brought about by modern fishing has been a worldwide discussion for quite some time. The hour and a-half narrative by movie producer and narrator Ali Tabrizi begin as a nature narrative attempting to comprehend whale abandoning. However, before long transforms into an excursion revealing the impacts of the business fishing industry (Tabrizi). With stowed away cameras and shooting in hazardous areas, the narrative attempts to uncover the illicit fishing markets, which have a more profound, stowed away arrangement of debasement, subjugation, and extortion, including the enormous business names and government reinforcement. The main point of contention tended to be manageable fishing and more than once underlining that it is incomprehensible. Producer Ali Tabrizi demands individuals quit eating fish and change to plant-based items. While discussing the issue of plastic in our seas, the narrative says that 46% is from plastic fishing nets (Tabrizi 00:31:00-00:31:20). While all significant sea protection foundations stress decreasing the measure of single-use plastics like plastic straws, George Monbiot, a tree hugger, proposes these are not the genuine issue (Tabrizi 00:27:55-00:29:00). Regardless of the prevalent view that plastic straws are an actual danger to turtles, these creatures are either harmed or killed as bycatch because of fishing each year in the U.S. alone (Tabrizi 00:29:47-00:29:55). Subsequently, the most significant wellspring of plastic contamination on the planet’s seas is disposed of fishing gear. Nonetheless, it seems that the film contains some unapproved data on statistical numbers it presents. Thus, more research needs to be done to convey such information. The film has brought issues to light of the emergencies on the seas. Its stunning pictures, including ridiculous whale-hunting in the islands, draw in a ton of consideration. Seaspircy encourages everybody t
Introduction Utah is one of the States, incorporated into the union in 1846, January and it is located on the western side of the US. 2.5 million people who live in Utah are Utahans; this makes 88%of the population. Utah is one of the most urbanized states in the US with vast areas not inhabited. Utah is an Indian name meaning people who live in the mountains. Utah has a unique characteristic by being the only state with the highest population having a homogeneous religion, 62%are members of the church of Jesus Christ of latter days Saints and this has a great impact on the people’s way of life and their daily activities. Utah State has a highly developed transportation system, information, and technology has many minerals as well as a destination for tourists. Its national motto is industry and is ranked the sixth fastest developing state among all the US states. Utah has a wonderful landscape characterized by many beautiful geographical features that include snow White Mountains, watered river gorges, and rugged rocky deserts among other features. The land of Utah The land of Utah covers an area of 219887 kilometers squared; it borders New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Colorado, Wyoming, and Idaho. Three geological features that are very distinct, Colorado Plateau, Great Basin, and the Rocky Mountains, characterize the land of Utah. It has a great natural diversity consisting of deserts and mountain valleys that have admirable pine forest The landscape of Utah has some distinguishing features which are worth mentioning, these are; Colorado Plateau, Great Basin, Bear River, Green River, Colorado River, Bonneville Salt Flats, Uinta Basin, Wasatch Mountain, and the Great Salt Lake. King Peak is the highest point in Utah, it is 13,826 feet above sea level, and the lowest point is Deaver Dam wash that is 2350 feet above sea level. The Uinta Mountains are the only mountains in Utah that have peaks that are more than 13000 feet above sea level. Colorado Plateau is the largest of all Utah provinces and it has many state parks, five national parks, and several national monuments. Geographers divide the Colorado Plateau into three areas: the Canyon Land, Uinta Basin, and the High Sub Plateau Provinces. The Rocky Mountains are the smallest province in Utah, lie between Uinta and Wasatch Mountains, and are rich with mineral deposits and reliable sources of water. Geology of Utah The geology of Utah is spectacular, diverse, and dynamic. Geologists of different generations have studied the assortment of the geological configuration of Utah hence are able to explain the present physical setting. The plateaus and the mountains are because of the accumulation of rocks that took place two billion years ago; all these features are because of the ongoing water and wind erosion, strong earthquakes, and the changing nature of glaziers. The landscape exposes a variety of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic ro
Introduction The group to which I previously belonged consisted of my classmates in High School. This experience helped me at the very beginning understand which role I should play in the community to which I belong. In other words, the team of my classmates along with me was indivisible and rather apt at facing numerous challenges. In fact, this group consisted of 15 people: 7 girls and 8 boys. During the hole process of studying at school there was no significant change in the content of our class. Thus, it served a great background for provision of quite friendly and respectful relationships. We were one team and until today we frequently meet and see each other at various places where we had fun. The thing is that our friendship grew on the basis of rather long and interesting communication. Each of the mates was eager to cooperate or help another one, so there was no problem in keeping our relationships firm and sustained. Main Body First of all, it is necessary to admit that the group had rather different behaviors and temperaments. However, it only favored the development of communication skills on each level of our studying at school. We had two leaders in class through whom we always tried to communicate with other groups of students and with adults as well. These were Bob Richards and Emily Watson. The rest of the students along with me differed not only in behaviors but also in hobbies. Hence, Ann Spoon was apt at learning languages and solving problems as of humanitarian sciences. Notwithstanding, she seemed always disgusted and nervous, but we liked her for her talents. Jeremy Todd was the strongest in the group and in some ways he behaved too aggressively, but with him we had no problems with “bad guys”. Moreover, along with Simon Crate he also organized the competitions in arm wrestling and athletics in the school’s gym, where guys were the best, as usual. Another significant person of the group wa