Introduction Port security is a growing concern provided that maritime zones and ports play an essential role in nowadays’ commerce and transportation. Current approaches to managing port security in the United States are controlled by governmental and non-governmental organizations that try to ensure safety through various programs. There are 361 ports in the country, the operation of which is controlled by various organizations (Williams, 2015). Among the key government organizations, one may note the Coast Guard and Customs and Border Protection that issue policies and regulations regarding vessels, employees, and the port environment as well as to conduct surveys on their compliance with requirements. The American Association of Port Authorities and Ingersoll-Rand are non-government organizations that target the development and maintenance of direct actions that are performed to eliminate any threats. This paper will analyze the recent scholarly literature and official resources to understand the responsibilities and roles of both governmental and non-governmental US organizations in ensuring port security. It is expected that the literature review method will allow revealing current trends and gaps, which will be thoroughly examined. The analysis of findings will be based on Creswell’s three-step based model, including data reduction, display, and concluding. As a result, several relevant recommendations will be formulated about potential options in improving existing port security efforts. This topic is important to study as it aims at a better understanding of how the mentioned organizations ensure port security and whether there any gaps and needs. It is possible to hypothesize that the research would discover the prevailing regulatory role of government organizations with responsibility regarding policies and overall control, and supporting roles with specific area-related responsibility of non-government organizations. The research question is what are the roles and responsibilities of the U.S. government and non-government organizations involved in port security. Literature Review U.S. Governmental Organizations and Their Roles Port security in the US is a part of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), the federal cabinet that pursues such missions as border control, immigration, anti-terrorism, disaster prevention, and cybersecurity. One of the key roles in port security is taken by the United States Coast Guard (USCG) that has a maritime law enforcement mission and serves as a branch of the United States Armed Forces (Williams, 2015). At the same time, it acts as a federal regulatory agency and focuses on maritime safety, security, and stewardship. Another governmental organization is the United States Customs and Border Protection (USCBP) – the primary border control organization that is responsible for trade, immigration, and customs. USCBP involves more than 58,000 workers who specialize in various areas such as examining passengers, borders, and vessels (Zhao, Yan, & Zhang, 2017). One of the main responsibilities of the above organization is the early detection and apprehension of terrorism. The paramount responsibility of USCBP is to create such an