ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Anxiety disorders continue to affect millions of people around the world annually. In America, an estimated 41 million adults are affected making them live in fear and uncertainty (American Psychiatric Association, 1994, p. 34). Anxiety disorders manifest themselves for lengthy periods which may last up to six months (National Institute of Mental Health, 2010, para. 5-10). For instance, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) manifests itself in an injured person or a close relative after a terrifying act. Symptoms generally include becoming emotionally numb, startling easily, loss in interest, aggressiveness and lack of affectionate behaviour. Manifestation of flashbacks through nightmares and daydreams occurs within six months after experiencing the accident (Schacter, 2009, p. 34). While symptoms of PTSD are common in other anxiety and depression disorders, their onset in PTSD mainly occurs after a terrifying act (Davidson, 2000, p. 12; Margolin & Gordis, 2000, p. 456). In addition, they must last for more than a month and their onset is occasioned by certain triggers such as loud bangs (Regier et al, 1998, p. 34; Yehuda, 1999, p. 65). Cognitive behavioural therapy Many treatment approaches exist in the management of PTSD. The efficacy of treatment is bolstered through the combination of two or more approaches. In this case, cognitive behavioural therapy brings about better outcomes in patient care. Although its efficacy may require the incorporation of medication, high levels of success have still been observed. Making the affected individuals to understand the real causes of their disorders is imperative in this approach (Bandura, 1986, p. 23). Willingness and desire to cooperate is important to enhance the individual recover from the condition. Individuals should be ready to undergo several weeks of behavioural therapy that entails talking to a therapist (Schacter, 2009, p. 47). The affected individual is assisted in recalling the traumatic events through an enhancing environment that serves to lessen the fear produced by the situation. In addition, the patient is also taught simple physical exercises that enhance the patient relieve stress thus bringing serenity and relaxation. Recurrence of the symptoms is managed through the same procedure (Gurman & Messer, 2003, p. 12; Guerin, 1993). Alcohol abuse and violence Significant relationship exists between alcohol abuse and occurrence of violent behaviours in the society (Gustafson, Roland & Källmèn, 1996, p. 54). In fact, several research approaches have denoted
Introduction Paul is the only apostle of Jesus who was elected in a different way from all the others. His distinguishing mark is that he did not walk with Jesus during Jesus’ days on earth. Instead, Paul encountered the risen Christ long after Jesus had ascended to heaven. There is no evidence therefore that Paul ever got to listen to Jesus as he taught his disciples as well as the crowds that turned out in most of his public appearances. For this reason, controversy has been rife in recent times over the extent to which Paul actually knew of the teachings of Jesus. The fact that Paul started preaching about Jesus soon after his encounter with Him without being taught of the latter’s teachings seems to give credence to this school of thought. It was not until after three years that Paul got an opportunity to meet the people who had actually been with Jesus during the days of his ministry on earth (Galatians 2:1). However, a closer look at Paul’s teachings and his many letters reveal the fact that Paul actually knew a lot about the teachings of Jesus. Paul lived at a time when the teachings of Christ had to be interpreted in the light of God’s plan for mankind so that both the Jews and gentiles could begin to understand why God did what he had done. He was to set a firm foundation on which the church could be built. Additionally, the church was grappling with several issues key among them the law as well as the place of the Gentiles in the kingdom of God, and the cultural questions among others. Paul had to address these issues in his teachings. This made his circumstances different from those that existed in the days of Jesus. This could explain the differences in their approach even though the cumulative message was the same. This paper seeks to closely examine Paul’s ministry in an effort to establish whether Paul knew the teachings of Jesus or whether his teachings were merely liturgical traditions. Thesis statement Paul’s teaching as well as his writings have a pivotal role in the teaching of the Christian doctrine. Comparing the teachings of Jesus and the teachings of Paul as presented in different books of the bible, this paper asserts that Paul not only knew of the person of Jesus but was also adequately and sufficiently familiar with his teaching. This paper delves into a close examination of the synoptic gospels, the book of the Acts of the Apostles, which relates the Christian church’s events during the first century period, as well as the work of the apostles in spreading the faith. Any examination of this sort cannot however be complete without looking into Pauline’s letters. Particularly, this paper will examine several key passages in the bible including the Eucharistic passage in 1 Corinthians 11:23-25, Romans 12:14-21, where Paul amplifies the teachings of Jesus as documented in the book of Luke 6:27-29 as well as in the beatitudes in Mathew 5. The third passage will be Romans 13:8-10 and Galatians 5:14 where Paul’s writings are similar to the teachings of Jesus in mark 12:2
Positioning Map The positioning or perceptual mapping is a tool that is being used by marketers to graphically illustrate a product’s unique features, thereby differentiating it from similar options provided by competitors within an industry (Boone & Kurtz, 2013). The strategic management tool allows manufacturers to better understand complex relationships between different sets of attributes offered by their marketplace competitors as well as how they are being used by buyers during the process of making purchase decisions (Boone & Kurtz, 2013). Figure 1. A positioning map of soft drinks. The mapping technique used for building the positioning map allows illustrating comparative differences in how soft drinks of some of the most popular soda brands are rated on two sets of attributes (Boone & Kurtz, 2013). Taking into consideration the fact that price becomes a deciding factor in influencing consumers’ purchasing intentions only after other important criteria have been met, the map does not represent this attribute (Boone & Kurtz, 2013). Instead, the axis points of the positioning map reflect the amount of sugar and caffeine as determinant attributes that affect purchasing decisions, thereby providing products with distinct market positioning. The map compares the possible perceptions of the two attributes of the following products: Pepsi, Coke, Mountain Dew, Fanta, Pepsi Max, Pepsi Light, Coke Zero, and Diet Coke. After the combination of the two attributes has been determined, all products have been assigned average scores on each dimension and placed in the representational space of the positioning map. The analysis of attribute ratings shows that Coke and Pepsi are the two products that are placed closely together on the perceptual map. It means that consumers perceive their offerings as similar ones across the whole range of products. Another conclusion that can be derived from the map analysis is that there are significant variations in the amount of sugar in the soft drinks produced by Pepsi and Coca-Cola companies. The same holds about diet offerings of the companies: Pepsi Max, Pepsi Light, Coke Zero, and Diet Coke. Therefore, it is clear that the market perceives a substantial level of variation across the whole range of Pepsi and Coca-Cola soft drinks presented on the map. It leads to a logical conclusion that taking into consideration a large size of the market share held by the two firms, other products such as Fanta and Mountain Dew will find it difficult to overcome competit
Introduction The Back Bay Simulation played an essential role in training me on how to make strategic decisions as a manager. Research and development (R$D) are integral to the growth of any business because it enhances competitiveness and realization of consumer needs. Managers meet numerous challenges while implementing decisions to allocate funds due to the constant need to remain relevant and ensure that R&D aimed at addressing the current market issued does not raise unit costs. The simulation equipped me with a plethora of skills to make tough yet sound decisions on whether to invest in absorbed glass mat (AGM) or a new supercapacitor (SC) battery. The news channel, consumer desires, potential customers, and the Back Bay Battery revenue furnished me with the relevant information to make informed decisions. UPS makers had realized that adding a supercapacitor’s ability to recharge faster enhanced the capacity of handling surges (Christensen and Shih Par. 2). The rising popularity of start-stop engine technology meant an increased demand from car manufacturers because the AGM battery is well-suited to the increased power demands and frequent cycling. Seemingly, they had a more extensive market demand as compared to the SC type because they could store and deliver power in short surges. They also had twice the lifetime of conventional lead-acid batteries, and they were sealed to prevent any fumes from overcharging, making them preferred for many applications, especially on ships and military equipment and high-end vehicles (Christensen and Shih Par. 3). Since the company has inadequate money for R&D due to market pressures, I decided to improve prices for AGM batteries while ensuring that their technical advantages surpassed those of similar products in the market. Strategy In the first five years after assuming a managerial position in Back Bay Battery, the sales for AGM batteries increased from $119.3 to $214.8 million. I ensured that the price for the product remained $10 and $20 for supercapacitors. This plan played an integral role in increasing the revenues for AGM batteries that were gaining increased popularity in many applications. I kept the price constant for AGM batteries for the next five years. However, since I realized that the company had achieved comparatively lower sales on SC batteries, I reduced their price to $15 in the third year in the notion that I would attract more consumers. In the first year, the overall sales in automobiles grew by 37%, accounting for 13.7 million units annually. The increased popularity of the SC among UPS makers also boosted sales by 21%, enabling the company to sell 2.5 million units annually. The second year, howeve
Introduction Emily Dickinson is the outstanding American poet of the XIX century. Her poems represent the invaluable part of the world literature heritage. Although the most part of her compositions are devoted to the themes of death and immorality, the theme of nature also takes an important part in her poems. The aim of this essay is to analyze the poem I Taste a Liquor Never Brewed and to define the place of Nature in its plot. The poem interpretation and the place of nature The poem I Taste a Liquor Never Brewed is one of the most beautiful compositions of Emily Dickinson. Undoubtedly, the poem has a symbolic meaning. The poet describes her spiritual stance associating it with the stance of alcohol intoxication. The poem is about the soul stance. Dickinson expresses how the nature gets her lift. “Inebriate of air am I, And debauchee of dew, Reeling, through endless summer days, From inns of molten blue” (Dickinson n.pag.). These words show that not about actual alcohol intoxication she says but rather about the “intoxication” from nature, the fresh air and the blue sky. Every line of the poem gives you a perception of what a beautiful day the poet describes. You imagine the fine weather, the bright sun rays and a blue sky. The poem eulogizes the nature. Its life-asserting lines make you feel inspired. The role of nature in the poem is also obvious in the third stanza. “When the landlord turn the drunken bee Out of the foxglove’s door, When butterflies renounce their drams, I shall but drink the more!” (Dickinson n.pag.). She revealed in nature and the summer day. She gets emotionally involved with nature and its beauty. The bees and butterflies inspire her and she feels “drunk” because of them. In the last stanza, we get to know that she experiences these emotions while looking out of the window. And she tells that she will continue “drinking” the nature until seraphim and saints do not interrupt her (Dickinson n.pag.). The scholars argue that Emily Dickinson created her own unique style which is characterized by its elliptical language and symbolism (“Emily Dickinson” n.pag.). “But it is possible that Emily being drunk on summer is a metaphor for her being intoxicated by the realisation of her poetic genius, so that the poem would be more properly titled ‘ The Wine of Poetry .’(“Emily Dickinson” n.pag.). Overall, the Nature takes the central place in the poem I Taste a Liquor Never Brewed . The main theme of the poem is the influence of nature on the poet feelings and spiritual stance. Conclusion In order to sum up all above mentioned, it should be said that the Nature plays an important role in the poem I Taste a Liquor Never Brewed by Emily Dickinson. The poem has a symbolic meaning and a lot of metaphors can be found in its lines. The poet describes her spiritual and emotional stance when she looks out of the window in a beautiful summer day. Works Cited Dickinson, Emily. “I
Case Study Details Company name: Al Ansari Exchange Headquarters: Dubai, United Arab Emirates Sector: Financial Services Number of employees: 2500 Annual gross revenue: UAED 440.77 million (USD 120 million) 2017 Status: Private Name of company executive interviewed: prefer to stay anonymous Position: Business Development Manager E-mail: [email protected] Phone number: 600-54-6000 (Call Center) Date of interview: 1 December 2017 Company Description Al Ansari Exchange is an exchange company that offers its services in the UAE and is characterized as one of the most successful branch networks. It was officially established in 1996. Still, a general trading business was dated approximately 60 years ago with its leaders’ intentions to meet the remittance needs of various trading partners and customers (Al Ansari Exchange, 2017c). At that period of time, there was no formal banking system in the country, and new services and changes were required. Al Ansari Exchange has become one of the country’s leading exchange organizations. At this moment, there are approximately 170 branches in the company’s network that are located in Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Fujairah, and other Emirates. Over 2500 employees cooperate with millions of customers and offer fast and credible services. Its total assets are approximately UAED 440.77 million (USD 120 million). A high priority of the company is given to local communities promoting the concept of social responsibility and participating in numerous charity activities to support the population and improve everyday life (Al Ansari Exchange, 2017b). In the business sector, the company aims at providing customers with the best currency exchange services and money remittance opportunities. It is expected to enhance customer and employee experience through ungraded technologies and training. This case study aims at explaining the benefits of Anti-Money Laundering (AML) practices and policies to fight against the financing of terrorism and prevent money laundering. Description of the Integrity-Related Practice Many companies are ready to implement AML practices that include different procedures and regulations with the help of which it is possible to control illegal actions and prevent terrorism in the field of finance. The AML practice in the UAE is based on a number of domestic laws. Criminal enforcement is supported and controlled by criminal courts. Money
Introduction This essay discusses pertinent aspects of the hospitality and tourism industry. The hospitality industry encompasses many aspects, which incorporates tour and travel, leisure destinations, hotels, resorts, beaches, ticketing agencies, ecotourism and airlines services. This makes tourism a robust industry, which contributes to the economic development of a given country. Eco tourism is a term that describes travel activities intended to conserve the environment. It is a travel or tour to natural areas that are undisturbed by human activities with the aim of displaying the flora, fauna, sceneries and culture of a particular place. The term eco tourism was popularised by Ceballos-Lascurain referring to the aspect of travelling to natural environments with the objective of learning and understanding the environment, cultures and history without altering the landscape and the ecosystem. The tourism provides economic opportunities to the locals as well as the countries, which have the tourists’ attraction sites. Eco tourism is an environment-oriented travel that takes into consideration the cultures of the local people. The tourists involved conserve the environment for the development of the country (Ming, Yang & Zhong, 2000). Most of the scholars on this subject have outlined the principles of eco tourism. The first principle is environmental conservation where the aim of eco tourism should be to preserve the natural sceneries and the indigenous flora and fauna. The second principle of eco tourism is to enrich the local communities who are directly involved in conservation of the environment. The local communities should enjoy conserving the ecosystem through remunerations from both domestic as well as international tourists. The third principle of eco tourism is that it should be informative and a learning experience to the tourists. It should act as reminder of the need to conserve environment by providing reasons why environment need conservation. Whereas most of the scholars have discussed the principles of eco tourism this research discusses different empirical studies conducted previously on the tourism. It discusses the methodologies that they used in their research as well as the findings. This discussion looks into different perspectives of eco tourism and how to benefit both the tourists and the local communities involved in the industry (Zhang, 2001). Literature review Eco tourism is one of the most influential aspects of tourism and preserves the environment while enriching the local population. The aim of this research is to provide the theoretical aspects that govern eco tourism with an aim of increasing conservation of the environment as well as increasing the participation of the local communities. The literature was reviewed due to its analysis on benefits of eco tourism, the discussion on environmental conservation and the emerging trends in eco tourism. The literatures excluded were those that did not discuss theoretical considerations or aspects of ecotourism. They also discussed tourism in general and were not specific on eco tourism. The research however did not explore eco tourism in relation to
Introduction The death of Col. Muammar Gaddafi on October 20, 2011 was the end to a bloody revolution in Libya. The revolution was in a series of attacks witnessed in Arab and African countries in the recent past. The armed revolution was fought between forces allied to Gaddafi and forces that sought to overthrow his government under the name “National Transitional council”. The war began in February 2011, with the UN freezing Gaddafi’s assets and restricting his travel abroad. In September, the UN replaced Gaddafi’s recognition as the representative of Libya with that of the national transitional council. Gaddafi remained influential until his death by the NTC. The origin of the revolution Gaddhafi became the president of Libya in 1969. He abolished the constitution and adopted laws based on his own ideology. Though claiming ceremonial representation, Gaddafi remained dominant in all aspects of the government issues. Libya’s human development index is the highest one in Africa. There is free education, health care and housing. The country’s rate of corruption was however higher than most countries. Libya’s media industry was rated as the most censored in the Middle East and North Africa. Founding of political parties was illegal; they carried a death penalty. Instead, he introduced the direct political participation system. Gaddafi kept a small army that was ill equipped because he feared a military coup. There was almost no popularly elected government body that represented people freely. The general feeling among people was that of oppression and lack of democracy. People were not free to air their opinions and to openly disagree with the government. The spur to the revolution was the arrest of a human rights lawyer, coupled with “successful” revolutions in the neighbouring Arab countries. The publicity of Gaddafi’s death Muammar Gaddafi was killed by the NTC forces on the 20 th of October, 2011. His death received first class publication in the print, broadcast and social media. Media houses ran screaming headlines and bold pictures of the slain “hero”. Ibrahim (2011) wrote that the pictures showed the former leader half naked, covered in blood and begging for his life. The social aspect Lawson (2011) in his article brings up the issue of social implications of such act. The society has not been known to rejoice at deaths, whoever the victim is. While those airing the stories and pictures might think of this as a killer story, the society is likely to sympathize with the victim and condemn the media’s publicity. Although every society has its own norms and taboos, some norms and taboos are shared worldwide. Explicit show of corpses is a taboo in most societies. Besides, such distressing pictures have been prohibited by the media, especially those lacking proper discretion of viewers. The media seems to have forgotten that the death of Gaddafi is still the death and not exceptional to the