ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction This is an internationally recognized art museum. It was started as an academy in 1866. This institute underwent rapid changes by advancing quickly to become both a school and art museum in 1879. The Art Institute of Chicago (AIC) is a renowned institution offering a wide range of services to the public. Apart from archiving art objects from all over the world, it is equipped with an art library and an art school. In addition, this institute offers facilities for art exhibitions. In Chicago, the art history has been enlightened by the presence of this institution. Factual and statistical information The AIC is located in Chicago’s Grand Park in the United States. In 1866, the Chicago Academy of Design was established. This academy was financed by the patron’s donations and the members’ contributions. The academy offered art exhibitions and classes. This organization grew in size and by 1870; it had managed to purchase its own house. This came with increased classes on art programs. In 1971, a fire outbreak destroyed the new building and consequently plagued the organization with financial problems. In the year 1878, the top management came up with a board of trustees with the aim of stabilizing the organization. The institution was rebranded as the Chicago Academy of fine arts. The institution’s supervision changed to city elites from the organization of artists. Consequently, the name was again changed to the Art Institute of Chicago headed by a president. The major financiers of this institution were the cities’ businesspersons. They also offered management skills in the running of the institution. AIC is the second largest art museum in the United States. It is approximately one million square feet in size. The oldest building in the institution namely the Beaux Arts building was opened in 1893 to host the World Columbian Exhibitions. Several additional structures were constructed to cater for the growth of the institution. Burnham & Ryerson Libraries were constructed in 1901 by Coolidge, Rutan and Shepley. In 1924, Hodgdon & Coolidge constructed McKinlock Court. Howard Van Doren Shaw designed the Goodman Theater in 1926. Another important structure is the Ferguson Building of 1958 by Burgee, Root & Holabird. The Morton Wing, designed by Metz, Shaw, & Assoc. also became part of the institutions’ structures in 1962. In 1977, Columbus Drive and School of the Art Institute were added to the institutions’ structures. Skidmore, Merrill & Owings built these structures. The Ada Rice & Daniel F. Building of 1988 was designed by Beeby, Babka & Hammond. It was also another important structure of the institution. Two more structures namely the Fullerton Hall Restoration and Modern Wing of 2001 and 2009 respectively are the latest of the additional infrastructure of the institution. The architectural form and ground p
Introduction The modern business environment is changing due to various factors, such as the desire for fast economic development, technological advancements, and concepts of sustainability and corporate social responsibility (CSR). Leaders of companies that want to succeed should address every issue stakeholders raise and implement evidence-based strategies for continuous improvement. The discussion below gives a detailed analysis of Alibaba Group as it plans to meet the needs of its western customers while at the same time remain profitable. This is the case since many companies expect different suppliers to be more transparent and fulfill every outlined social standard. Central Issue Alibaba Group has grown rapidly to become the leading player in the Business to Business (B2B) market segment. This organization offers a wide range of products from Asian suppliers via its Internet-based platform. The current issue affecting this company’s performance is the fact that many customers from Western countries are focusing on European standards and strategies that are sustainable and associated with the concept of CSR. The other minor concern that Alibaba Group’s leaders should consider includes the need to strike a balance between Western expectations and Chinese cultural practices (Leelapanyalert et al. 5). There is also a need for this company to develop powerful models for ensuring that customers view the commitments and responsibilities of different suppliers. The issue of CSR is critical since many non-governmental organizations (NGOs) require that all companies follow strict guidelines for producing different goods and protecting the natural environment. From this analysis, it is agreeable that the identified stakeholders’ demands will affect several functions. For instance, the marketing segment will be unable to meet the demands of the existing customers. The personnel functional area will be forced to consider the issues different stakeholders raise (Leelapanyalert et al. 8). The HR department is currently forced to identify the best ways of fulfilling the emerging needs of customers and suppliers. Definition of Goals and Constraints The current goal is for Alibaba Group to maximize its profits by fulfilling the changing expectations of all stakeholders from different parts of the world. Unfortunately, this aim is unachievable due to various issues, such as the expectations of Western customers, the issues different NGOs raise, and the desire to empower local manufacturers and entrepreneurs in China (Leelapanyalert et al. 9). This means that there are specific inconsistencies between this organization’s goals and its projected performance. In order to emerge successfully, there is a need for Jack Ma and his followers to formulate an evidence-based model for addressing existing concerns and improvin
Although crime in Reading, Pennsylvania, remained high despite the city’s budget constraints, police chief William Heim invested significantly in crime prediction software in 2013. Predictive Policing is the name of this Big Data start-program up’s dubbed PredPol (short for predictive policing). As promised, the program would analyze past crime data to identify where and when cries most likely occur hourly. The number of burglaries in high-crime neighborhoods dropped by nearly 20% when police started paying more attention to these hotspots. Predictive policing software is similar to a lot of baseball statistical modeling. It is presumably devoid of the racism and prejudices incorporated in the recidivism models that the court system utilizes. For this program to work, it has to have much data about the region to justify the presence of police there. It has been established that human initiatives generate tension and danger in vulnerable populations. Mathematical models currently dominate law enforcement. Because of ideas that relate nonviolent crimes to a rise in violent crimes, police chiefs feel that even “nuisance data” may be utilized to create “better data” that can concentrate more intensely on violent crimes. Police departments throughout the nation are bolstering zero-tolerance rules for both violent and nonviolent offenses by relying on data from predictive policing methods. One of the most hazardous aspects of this system is that its inner workings are kept secret from the general people. At a “hackathon” in the spring of 2011, O’Neil and the New York Civil Liberties Union worked together to uncover crucial information on the NYPD’s controversial and destructive stop-and-frisk program. Many Black and Latino teenagers were being frisked because of data, even though just 0.1% of those frisked were in any way connected to a serious crime. “Stop and Frisk,” O’Neil argues in his book, is not a WMD, but it utilizes mathematics to justify thousands of intrusive stops in vulnerable communities. Even though humans administered it, stop and frisk resulted in horrendous feedback loops that disproportionately penalized Black and Latino males for minor infractions seldom enforced against whites. Police are likely to target non-whites in low-income areas that lack access to excellent schools and jobs. As a result, sentencing recommendations based on WMDs, like predictive policing and recidivism models, are both racially discriminatory and logically faulty. There is no consideration for human nature in these models that claim to have a wealth of information on the likelihood that an ex-convict from a particular area would re-offend after being released from jail. According to O’Neil, justice system data scientists should understand prison life and how it affects inmates’ conduct. Many inmates suffer from malnourishment, solitary confinement, and sexual assault in prisons. When these institutions reach total
The human society is a rather complicated phenomenon where the interrelations between the human beings are complex and various. The social stereotypes and norms distinguish people according to their race, age, wellbeing level, social status, and, what is most important, sex and gender. The issue here is that the public understanding of both terms is rather misperceived which causes a lot of controversy in the society. Aaron Devor and Deborah Rudacille are the scholars dealing with the gender issues in their works, and the present paper will focus on the comparative analysis of the ideas expressed by both authors aimed at finding out their major similar and different points and explaining both. To start with, the arguments presented by Devor (2007) have the development of gender in children as their main focus. Claiming the age differences in forming and understanding the basic gender behaviors and public attitudes to them, Devor (2007) argues that “learning to behave in accordance with one’s gender identity is a lifelong process” (p. 383). The further development of this idea is reflected in the simple rule that Devor (2007) concludes from his research: “All persons are ei­ther male or female. All males are first boys and then men; all females are first girls and then women” (Devor, 2007, p. 384). The author is also concerned with the topic of intercultural understanding of gender, which is different across nations and ethnic groups. Nevertheless, certain stereotypes are common to all the societies of today: “A more even­handed description of the social qualities subsumed by femininity and mas­culinity might be to label masculinity as generally concerned with egoistic dominance and femininity as striving for cooperation or communion” (Devor, 2007, p. 387). Nevertheless, the main idea of Devor’s (2007) paper is the consideration of the development of gender awareness in children. Examining this topic, the author comes to the idea that “children begin to settle into a gender identity between the age of eigh­teen months and two years” (Devor, 2007, p. 383). The next stage of this process comes at the age of three when children have “firm and consis­tent concept of gender” (Devor, 2007, p. 384) and moves further to the age of five to seven years when the complete and permanent understanding of gender group belonging comes to them. Finally, Devor considers the role of language in the “establishment, depth, and tenacity of gender iden­tity” (Devor, 2007, p. 385) and concludes that gender is more a social than innate concept. As contrasted, the paper by Deborah Rudacille (2007) has certain similar and different points of discussion. First of all, the focus of the work is on other aspects of the gender perception issue. Rudacille (2007) builds her argument on the basis of the historical and medical data that defend the idea of the gender variance and transsexuality: “…gender crossing is so ubiquitous, that genitalia by itself has never been a universal nor essential insignia of a lifelong gender” (Rudacille, 2007, p. 454). Defending this idea, Rudacille (2007) addresses the research works of other scholars including Bullough and Diamond who argue t
Introduction The increase in the use of online payments by banks and other e-commerce systems arose from the introduction of the 3d-secure system. The authentication system was created by visa using protocols to enhance sufficient online businesses and payment methods. This is mainly done using the master card secure code and verified visa systems. These systems operate by use of password control in order to complete online business transactions. Currently, 3D is the most used single sign-on system globally thus beneficial to the modern business world. However, the system has experienced a rise in internet crimes causing criticism towards its efficiency. The system has been criticized by several authorities and governmental organizations for protecting the victims of the increased flaws in e-commerce crimes. This paper tries to assess the benefits of using the 3d-secured system and its disadvantages. Advantages for using a 3D secure system There is a wide range of benefits associated with the use of 3D-Secure systems in the business world. One of the major advantages of a security system is based on the fact that the enables online payments and business transactions such as shopping and purchases at a faster rate. The transactions are made simply by use of either debit or credit cards from different parts of the worl
The report, “Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health”, has found wide usage in recent years as stakeholders in the health sector attempt to implement the recommendations that act as the action plan to guide nursing practice into the future. At its core, the report has succeeded in not only stimulating positive change in nursing and healthcare, but also in ensuring that nurses’ roles, responsibilities and education are aligned with present day challenges and the demands of healthcare reform (Fights, 2011). The present paper discusses the report with the view to identifying the future problems that face our healthcare system and explaining how the information contained in the report could be used to assist future nurse leaders to make decisions. Important Elements Contained in the Report A review of nursing scholarship on the “Future of Nursing” report shows that it is anchored on four key messages, namely (1) facilitating nurses to practice to their full extent of their education and training, (2) encouraging nurses to achieve higher levels of education and training through an enhanced education system that sponsors flawless academic advancement, (3) ensuring that nurses become full partners with physicians and other healthcare professionals in revamping healthcare in the United States, and (4) providing nurses with superior data collection tools and improved information infrastructure in order to stimulate effective workforce planning and policy making (Arzouman, 2016; Tanner, 2010; The future of nursing , 2010). While these key messages continue to take effect, the nursing profession has registered tremendous changes in ensuring superior quality of care through nurse education and training (Goeschel, 2011). However, available literature underscores several problems that continue to face our healthcare system, which include fragmentation of the healthcare system, continued regulatory limitations on nursing scope of practice, high rates of turnover among nurses, challenges for nursing professionals transitioning from school to practice, lack of diversity in the nursing workforce, and an aging American workforce (Fights, 2011). These challenges relate to the key messages contained in the “Future of Nursing” report. The report contains eight recommendations that can trigger change and advance health, with the most important being removing scope of practice barriers, expanding opportunities for nurse professionals to lead and diffuse collaborative improvement efforts, and increasing the proportion of nurses with a baccalaureate degree to 80% by 2020 (Goeschel, 2011). Research is consistent that the barriers to the scope of practice continue to cripple efforts aimed at ensuring quality care delivery since most qualified nursing professionals are denied the opportunity to practice through discordant state and local nursing regulations (Fights, 2011). Other important recommendations contained in the report include implementing nurse residency programs, doubling the number of nurses with a docto
Introduction The Rondell Data Corporation is a company that specializes in the production of broadcasting equipment and other technical appliances; whose founder was Bob Rondell. Within the running of this company, most of the operations are not well coordinated as a result of the various technical problems facing the corporation. In addition, as it has been revealed these problems facing the company have adversely affected its efficiency and effectiveness in carrying out its operations. The Structural problems facing the Rondell Data Corporation First, the company faces the problem of power interests a case where the managers are at a constant alienation of power and authority within its management system. As it has been happening within the Rondell Data Corporation Company over time, various departmental heads have been in controversy over the issues of power and authority within the corporation. For instance the production department manager of the company is observed to be in a constant controversy with the personnel manager overpower matters; based on which they compete for the delegation of duties within the company. Secondly, the company faces the problem of the lack of cooperation among various departments within the running of the company’s activities. More specifically, there is a general lack of coherence among the various departments within the company which has adversely affected the company’s performance and the failure to accomplish the planned activities in time. In this company, there was a lack of coordination between the engineering department regarding research and the production department; under which there was a high degree of incoherence among the planned activities of the company. Lastly, the Rondell Data Corporation faces the problem of lack of responsibility among the employees under the various departments within the company. More specifically, most of the employees under the various departments
Introduction The modern business environment can be characterized by the increased complexity of relations between multiple agents. To a greater degree, it is preconditioned by the clash of interests of various companies that try to generate additional revenues and acquire a competitive advantage. However, in many cases, oppositions of this sort can shake the market or industry and result in unpredictable outcomes. For this reason, there are multiple governmental agencies that regulate the functioning of different spheres by introducing different legal acts or laws. They impact the whole industry and can result in the emergence of unbeneficial conditions for the rise of various firms. That is why the creation of organizations that influence the existing business law and try to attain better terms is a critical part of the modern business world. The paper is devoted to the investigation of two groups of this sort that want to protect companies and people’s interests in the sphere of traffic. ALPA The first discussed formation can be considered a lobby group. Air Line Pilots Association International (ALPA) is the largest organization in the world that represents interests of about 61,000 pilots from 34 Canadian and U.S. airlines (“What We Do”). The group was founded on 27 July 1931 with the primary aim to promote the introduction of appropriate laws cultivating the legal environment beneficial for companies’ functioning. Thus, its main office is located in Washington, DC which can be considered a strategically correct decision as it provides lawyers and other lobbyists with an opportunity to impact the U.S. government and regulatory agencies directly (“What We Do”). The group is funded by airlines it represents as ALPA remains one of the most potent tools to reorganize the existing legal environment and attain success by emphasizing the necessity of a particular regulation’s introduction. It is headed by four national officers who are elected by the Board of Directors. These are the President, and three Vice-Presidents. They determine the ALPA’s course and primary activities. The discussed group is mainly focused on the protection of pilots and airlines’ interests with the pivotal aim to make their functioning more effective and eliminate barriers preventing these actors from delivering high-quality services to customers. For instance, ALPA supported testing for drugs, alcohol, and other abusive substances of pilots who survived acci
I have reviewed the videos Tips for job seekers: How to negotiate your salary pt. 1 and Tips for job seekers: Advice on personal branding pt. 2 , which were helpful for planning job interviews. From the first video, I learned that it is necessary to present value and uniqueness when asking for a raise in salary, which is also applicable to the topic of personal branding (CareerBuilder, 2012). Namely, one can use a similar approach when applying for a job, emphasizing that they have the skills and ideas that the company might appreciate. The other skill is flexibility; it is essential to consider several options when negotiating something so that to be able to turn situations into win-win events. The second video’s focus was closer to the topic of personal branding. Namely, its vital information was that one should be honest when presenting oneself to a company since it demonstrates whether the employee would be further satisfied with one’s work (CarrierBuilding, 2013). The openness signals the employer that an individual is genuinely suitable for a job position and can complete their tasks effectively in the future. So, the skills to focus on are value creation, negotiation, flexibility, and openness. They are significant because they make one a particularly presentable individual for an employer. Moreover, these skills are essential for a management career since they are components of a personal brand; in turn, a manager’s knowledge of branding is obligatory. This information comprises a part of the skillset for a person that plans to promote and work with people professionally. Thus, the mentioned skills are required for people who themselves are to cooperate with employees and understand their value.
I agree with the point that a peer-reviewed, reliable medical information provided by academical research should be distributed timely to certain audiences. Clinical practices need to constantly evaluate the efficiency of their treatment methods, as well as support staff education to ensure better performance. Additionally, applying effective evidence-based practices is, indeed, proving to have a positive effect on the recovery possibilities for the patients. For example, Northwood et al.’s (2021) study results “underscore the need for routine screening for UI in older home-care clients during diabetes consultations” (p. 10). The implementation of the practices suggested by modern reliable researches would surely result in better treatment outcomes, as the original post has stated. As far as I can see, the American Journal of Critical Care is, indeed, a preferable avenue for assessing the evidence-based knowledge. However, I would also like to add that the white papers are also a respectable source of time- and problem-relevant medical information. For example, in 2020, a white paper Pandemic-Driven Medicaid and ACA Expansion came out. This paper speaks of the impact the COVID-19 pandemic had made on the healthcare industry, and, specifically, what should be done to minimize the damage taken from it. According to Liu and O’Brien (2020), “this report details expected changes in the composition of national Medicaid and ACA member populations, and explores the potential financial consequences of the pandemic on payers” (pp. 2). This White Papers holds a direct interest to the Administrative and HR policies due to the fact that its primary goal is to assist in mitigating the payers’ risks associated with healthcare during COVID-19. It aligns the strategies presented in the paper with the challenges the healthcare currently faces, establishing a safe and secure way of managing the damage.