ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Staffing is one of the most important requirements for any organization’s growth. It determines the direction the organization is taking. If the group makes the right decision on this matter, it makes considerable developments. In a challenging environment, the Pharmaceutical Company seeks to fill the position of the Director of Marketing from the three shortlisted candidates (Ding, Eliashberg, and Stremersch, 350). It is important to note that there are a few reasons that may determine the kind of person who takes the position. There are economic conditions that are challenging for the company. It means that the Executives need to find an experienced person in economic matters. It needs someone who has had various experiences with different economic challenges (Ding, Eliashberg, and Stremersch 178). The length of experience might be a consideration, but also how the person has succeeded previously in tackling such matters. The second reason is the increased competition that the company is facing in the market. As a result, there is a need to find someone who is innovative, productive, and knows how to handle such a competitive market (Scullion and Collings 275). The company has existed for the previous years with the current employees, and it seems that the three shortlisted candidates have the same qualities. The only difference between the candidates is their years of experience. The candidate who has been working in the marketing portfolio for the last forty years seems to have vast experience in the marketing field (Scullion and Collings 180). According to the experience, he must be above sixty years old. It would not be advisable to take somebody who has exceeded or is approaching his or her retirement. The company needs longevity. It should not hire someone who, before even laying the strategies for marketing, needs to retire. It is not that the aged do not have a chance for employment. It is just that for such an active department, there is a need for caution. Marketing is like the backbone of the entire business (Hunt, 250). There is also a candidate who is early in her career. She has eight years of experience after college. The candidate is still fresh and still has so much to learn about the market challenges (Scullion and Collings 300). If the company has to consider her, then she should be the Assistant Director of Marketing. She needs to understudy her seniors and learn from her mentors. It would give her enough lessons to learn about market challenges. It would also be good to balance gender in the company. The position of the Director of marketing would require her to have more than eight years of experience (Hunt 170). The last candidate is a middle-aged individual with twenty years of experience in marketing. Tw
The proposed study will aim to critically evaluate the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intentions of employees of Sheraton Haikou Resort, with a view to informing human resource policies on the industry’s best practices in motivating and retaining employees. The following will be the specific objectives:  1. To critically review secondary literature on human resource management, with the purpose of bringing into light factors that leads to employee satisfaction and turnover in the hotel industry;  2. To critically investigate the impact of various techniques used by Sheraton Haikou Resort in order to motivate and retain its staff;  3. To analyze and report on probable alternatives and recommendations that could be used by management to enhance job satisfaction and curtail turnover. In the 21 st century, one of the persistent debates in the business field concerns the essential role played by employees in enabling ventures to accomplish their set objectives, including maintaining unsurpassed competitive advantage (Singh & Loncar, 2010). A rapidly shifting business environment characterized by such phenomena as vagrancies of the macroeconomic environment, globalization and deregulation of markets, shifting customer and shareholder demands, and escalating service-market competition, has turned out to be the norm, forcing business entities to reformulate their strategies and policies, particularly in the human resource domain, to remain relevant (Thornhill et al., 2000). The stakes are even higher in the hotel industry, which is inarguably affected by a myriad of events, including the vagrancies of the high-low seasons and heightened customer expectations regarding service quality (Yang, 2008). In a swift rejoinder to counteract the shifting trends in the industry, conscientious managers have prioritized job satisfaction as a key focus area, especially after the realization that retaining key employees is critical for organizational success. (Chen et al., 2011). In terms of tangible organizational outcomes, employees can contribute fresh and innovative ideas, dedicate more time and energy to satisfy a strategic customer, or possess exceptional capabilities that could be put to use for the benefit of the organization. Consecutive studies reveal that job satisfaction and motivation to a large extent correlate positively with customer satisfaction, profitability and shareholder value (Corporate Leadership Council, 2003; Alford, 2009, Chen et al., 2011). In equal measure, the ramifications of an unmotivated workforce are a huge expense to the performance, efficiency, and productivity of any business venture (Singh & Loncar, 2010). Consequently, organizations stand to gain more, productively, when jobs offer the desired satisfaction to employees. According to Harrell & Daim (2010), “managers need to make sure they are in tune with their employee’s motivators…Asking employees what motivates them and listening and acting on their responses is very important” (p. 23). Indeed, researchers have positively correlated unresponsive management with turnover intentions (Ashill et al., 2008). A study cond
There are several components, known as strands, including in the United Kingdom’s anti-terrorism strategy. First of all, it is a demonstration of strength and determination, as well as relentlessness, i.e., the effectiveness of actions that does not weaken over time. In addition, these are balanced medium- and long-term actions that include both coercive measures and positive incentives. Another critical aspect of the strategy is the collaborative work of the special services and information security. The component that is mainly aligned with counter-radicalization is countering extremist ideology. This is due to the particular concern caused by the frequent manifestations of radicalism among young people in recent years (Great Britain, Secretary of State for the Home Department 25). Individuals and groups of radical orientation confirm numerous examples of negative informational and psychological impacts on society. In the absence of proper life experience, some young people take the path of antisocial behavior and commit offenses and crimes of a radical orientation. The objectives of this strategy are the prevention of radical manifestations in the fields of labor, law, politics, science and education, culture and sports, communication, and healthcare. The main elements of this policy are the development of counter-radical programs and projects. It also includes the organization of activities in various areas of youth policy and communications to prevent radical manifestations. The key features of the ideological struggle against radicalism are the foresight of its inclusion in all higher professional education programs. In addition, it is characterized by legal information on the prevention and counteraction of radicalism. It is also necessarily associated with the formation of skills for recognizing manipulative communication technologies both live and in cyberspace. A characteristic feature of the ideological struggle against radicalism is working with public consciousness, and building social mechanisms to counter the spread of radical ideas. Work Cited Great Britain, Secretary of State for the Home Department. The United Kingdom’s Strategy for Countering Terrorism . Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 2018.
The Gap, Inc. Company is a San Francisco, California based retail clothing and accessories company. It was founded by Donald G. Fisher and his wife Doris. Over the years, it has evolved into a major retail company specializing in casual style and urban chic clothing for all sexes and ages all over United States, Canada, Japan, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Outsourcing as a force in business continues to remain the main point of discussion in most boardrooms in most corporations. Companies want to utilize modern infrastructure and focus on their core strengths while other professional firms handle their other business processes (Eltschinger, 2007: 2).The textile industry has been a fundamental driving force in China’s economy for many years. Outsourcing production to the Chinese manufacturers has become popular among other foreign firms in the recent past (Earnshaw, 2006: 362). This is especially because the textile industry is a labour intensive industry and firms prefer to outsource in China since it has large pool of cheap labour. The World Bank report of 2006 indicated some of the most suitable locations to invest in china which are; the south east Coastal provinces, the Pearl river delta province of Guangdong, all special economic zones and the province of Fujian (Yuang, 2008: 20). Pestle analysis is a technique used to assist corporations in understanding the external environment in which they operate in the present and future. It helps an organization to assess the macroeconomic conditions surrounding it in order to make a business decision. It works more efficiently when used in conjunction with risk analysis, SWOT analysis, and urgency grid. Expert knowledge of the organization and its external surrounding is also important in pestle analysis. The word PESTLE was coined from political, Economic, Sociological, Technological, legal, and environment factors that affect an organization. The main aim of conducting PESTLE analysis is to help in the analysis of the external environment and its effect on the organization (Institute of leadership & management 2007:23). In pestle analysis, we consider each of the external factors and how it is likely to impact on the organisation. Political factors : The government plays a major role in growth of businesses through policy formulations. These policies can affect an organization both positively and negatively. Although policies existing in China favour exports to China, sourcing remains the best tool to gain entry into the market. It is further renown for its low cost sourcing. Gap Inc. should consider the existing government policies and assess whether or not they favour the textile industry. Social factors : Most of the Chinese working class lack global business experience due to socialism mode of governance where the government provided almos
Introduction Over the years, United Kingdom politics have generated a lot of interest globally. In the recent past, the centre stage of the UK political arena has been the formation of a coalition government in 2010 between two major UK political parties; the conservative and the liberal democrats. This paper is going to dwell on the coalition government as a change in political policy that has caused the emergence of the UK political reforms and its effects (Dorey, Garnett, & Denham, 2011). Cause of Political Reforms The UK grand Coalition was arrived at in order to solve and accommodate for different political ideologies for the sake of government continuity. This was seen as the only amicable way of ensuring that the leading party had garnered the requited majority seats to be head of the government as required by the constitution. Bearing in mind that this was the first coalition since 1945, it become apparent that, there was a dire need of initiating political reforms. The reforms were destined to avoid the emergence of such conflicts in the future (Liberal Democrats, 2011). Under the leadership of Prime Minister David Cameron and his assistant Nick Clegg a new political dispensation policy was proposed in form of political reforms. The main agenda behind the proposed political reforms involve the need to ensure that power is devolved to the grass root levels in order to guarantee more representation in the Westminster. These reforms also call for accountability and transparency in the legislature and the cabinet in order to ensure that the government is sensitive to the needs of the people it serves. This also, ensures that government policies are people centred thus reducing political influence on policy formulation and implementation. The major issues highlighted in the political reforms include the inclusion of the right to recall a member of parliament whose conduct is not consistent with the constitution, the establishment of a new electoral system, establishment of proportional but fewer constituency that ensure equal representation, empowering the backbench members of parliament, introducing the election of members of the house of lords, devolution of power and introducing e-petitions that force members of parliament to vote on issues of national importance (Liberal Democrats, 2011). Effects of Political Reforms The progress of political reforms in the UK has had major effects on the political landscape and on people’s view with regards to the political mileage that the coalition government has been able to attain (Dorey, Garnett, & Denham, 2011). Some of the most notable effects of the political reforms include the changes that have been brought about by e-petitions which require 100,000 petitions to ensure that the legislature bills are no longer mere discussions among the members of parliament within their lobby groups but open discussions monitored by the public (The official site of the British Prime Minister’s Office, 2011). Further, the parliament through the speaker has also implemented political reforms in the sense that all parties have an equal voice
The Russian Revolution refers to one of the most significant historical events in the world history. It left a print on the territory of Europe and USA and influenced social life of the whole Russian Empire. This event covered two revolutions rooted in Russia: the February Revolution and the October Revolution of 1917. Both of them appeared to be influential and global covering almost all the spheres of life and activities. The February Revolution a spontaneous movement concentrated around Petrograd. The effects of this event were suppressive though not so unbearable as those caused by the Bolshevik Revolution happened in October 1917. It gave a start to the communism spread fulfilled by the Bolsheviks or the Bolshevik Party. They represented the interests of the working class. The leader of the Revolution was Lenin whose actions were directed against Provisional Government which appeared to be ineffective. This revolution influenced social, political and economic relations in the society. In order to define the methods of revolution prevention it is important to stress its main causes:   * Political insufficiency and backwardness covering weak position of the leadership;   * Economic instability covering the whole Empire at that period;   * Warlike relationships of the country with other lands and national participation in the war events. It can be seen that all the reasons for the revolutionary events are too global to solve them simultaneously. Nevertheless the weak position of the Provisional Government is considered to be one of the main causes of the Russian Revolution of 1917. The representatives of the Government could prevent the events of the revolution. They worked out wrong program to follow which was aimed against the interests of the society, to be more exact against the working class which contained the majority of the population. The first step was to improve the economical position of the Empire. Poor working conditions for people were followed by little salary. The government should have taken under control all the aspects of social life and invested more means into the working and living conditions of people to satisfy their needs and provide better general norms. The second step aimed at the revolution prevention concerns constant international conflicts of Russia Empire which made people live in the conditions of warrior atmosphere. Czar’s politics was aimed at personal interests’ satisfaction. The conditions for life were terrible because people had to live and work in constant fear of global war. The government should have worked out political strategies which could help to establish piece and stability in the country. Further on, Provisional Government had to take a row of labor reforms in order to avoid global conflict. It was necessary to find a half way with the leader of the Bolshevik Party and meet all possible requirements of the rebellions. Such position could help to avoid sufferin
For many years depression has been one of the most common health disorders worldwide, causing in many cases significant disability and even suicide. It is generally recognized, that in many cases it is hard for a patient to achieve remission. Such individuals are considered resistant to the treatment, which makes them disproportionally suffer from the burden of disease comparing to other patients. That is why it has always been important to constantly make discoveries and innovations in this area. There are a lot of approaches to the treatment of depression, including not only pharmacological treatment, but also cognitive and interpersonal therapies and even hypnosis. In spite of the fact that over the past decade many approaches to the treatment of depression remained the same, a lot of new methods appeared and replaced some old ones due to the development of neurobiology and improvement in understanding of the fundamental biology of depression. Depression is clinically characterized by such symptoms as low mood, fatigue, sleep disturbances, guilt complex and suicidal tendencies. The history of investigating this disease starts in Ancient Greece where it was called melancholia (Hofmann et al. 174), which corresponds to the Hippocratic classification of diseases on the base of the four humours. In contemporary classification, according to Wong, Ma-Li, and Licinio, “melancholia is defined as a subtype of major depression” (343). Depression refers to a diagnostic category of the mood disorders, and usually its course is recurrent which means that patients have some periods of recovery. This disease is often misdiagnosed because of vague symptoms, which any person may experience during the course of life without the clear understanding of their reason. According to some researchers, depression starts with “minor depression” that is the main reason for misunderstanding of the disease (Goodwin 261-262).It is important to detect depression in time and select the proper treatment for each case according to the latest approaches to the treatment of this disease. Over the past decades, the key approach to research and treatment of depression has been the investigation of the effects of different antidepressants. As Goodwin indicates, the thoughts of researchers of a ten-year-ago period were concentrated on physical illnesses, which is associated with depression (259). It has also been stated that brief psychotherapy might be effective for treatment of depression. According to Wong, Ma-Li, and Licinio, structured psychotherapy modalities, such as cognitive-behavioral and interpersonal types, have a positive effec
Racism is the misconstrued belief that race is the fundamental causal factor of human abilities and traits and that differences in race results in automatic hierarchical disparities among people. Most global conflicts and major points of diversions result from racial differences. From the Middle East conflicts to east-west divide to African tribal clashes, the drive remains taxonomical differences. Numerous ways have been explored in an attempt to close the differences and build a harmonious world where everyone appreciates the other fully without any prejudice and misguided perceptions. Indeed racism remains one of the most important and persistent social problems in the modern world. A racial grouping which feels threatened by eminent loss of power decides to exercise some economic religious or political strength to ensure they maintain privilege. This results instabilities and conflict. There is no biological bias for race. Race difference is just a variation of a common humanity. The taxonomical differences manifest on the bodies often result in separations of the mind. It is these mental divisions that separate the society. Various solutions have been applied to specific situations to resolve racial issues. The US has legislated affirmative action to address inequalities among whites and blacks. However, education has been touted as the most important route of reducing the racial disparities. This paper exposes the ineffectiveness of education in effective unlearning of racial inequalities. The proposition that people should be educated on racial issues in order to boost tolerance makes much sense. Across the globe special curricula have been developed to instill racial information in the minds of young children in a bid to make them more accommodative to people of different races. The problem with this method is that it focuses on the surface issues. Too much emphasis is given to the skin colour instead of the deep level value systems. These value systems define how people think and act in accordance to the world they live in. Clearly, the problem is not whether one is white, black or brown, as proposed by the educational system; it is the deep value systems within us that do not merge. The value systems strongly advice the decision making process. The decisions made automatically differ resulting in conflicts. It is thus common to find a middle-class white person share