ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Young Goodman Brown by Nathaniel Hawthorne and A Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery O’Connor are two stories that can be considered from the point of nature and space. In both narratives, place plays a critical role in the self-discovery of the main characters. If in Young Goodman Brown, Goodman leaves his wife and goes to the forest, thus coming to evil and depravity, then Bailey and his family also turn off their track and meet iniquity in A Good Man is Hard to Find. Main Body O’Connor tells about the family traveling from Georgia to Florida, and Hawthorne focuses on the couple from Salem Village, Massachusetts. The fact that the authors note actual places shows that they want to emphasize the reality and possibility of their stories. The place is one of the most powerful tools for creating an imaginary world of the stories, the essential components of which are space and time. Nature is the original form of existence of the material world. Everything created by man is only a small part of the primordial world. At this point, human nature becomes another important point in the analysis of the mentioned narratives. Reviewing the given stories, one may note that human nature plays a significant role in the described events. For example, if Bailey had not listened to grandmother, and the latter had not insisted on visiting the Old South, the outcome may have been different. Similar to the above assumptions, in case Brown had not let his intentions go out yet resisted the call of the sin forest, he would not have lost his faith in his Faith. The very name of the hero’s wife makes one think in such a manner, causing a paradox. Therefore, it is possible to suggest that these stories focus on sin and depravity as human nature. It was only three months after Goodman’s marriage with Faith when he began to doubt his wife and attempted to convict her of treason by visiting the forest. Similarly, Bailey‘s family and especially grandmother were well aware of the brutal Misfit who was hiding in the mentioned area. Despite initially dangerous and provoking obstacles, they contributed to the occurrence of the lamentable outcomes. More about A Good Man is Hard to Find What Are the Main Characters in a Good Man Is Hard to Find? 5 178 What Is the Main Theme of a Good Man Is Hard to Find? 5 111 Was the Grandmother Killed in A Good Man Is Hard to Find? 5 69 How Is Dramatic Irony Used in A Good Man Is Hard to Find? 5 1585 What Are the Literary Elements in A Good Man Is Hard to Find? 4.5 1755 Religion in A Good Man Is Hard to Find 5 119 Considering the stories from a different angle, it is possible to mention the role of the forest that represents evil
Qualitative research as a separate scholarly trend encompasses the paradigm of human experiences in order to create and apply efficient clinical practice frameworks. According to the researchers, qualitative data analysis catalyzes an in-depth understanding of human needs in the context of health care and interaction with professionals (Lützén, 2017). The three major branches of qualitative research comprise grounded theory, phenomenological, and ethnographic approaches. In terms of the present paper, phenomenological and ethnographic qualitative studies will be reviewed and compared. Ethnographic research is an approach to data collection and analysis that aims at evaluating and categorizing human experiences through the lens of the participants’ cultural and ethnic backgrounds. Phenomenological studies, for their part, place major emphasis on the unique experiences of individuals. The similarity between the concepts concerns the fact that both approaches tend not to perceive physical and medical phenomena in isolation from human’s social context. However, ethnographic research may be both synchronic and diachronic by its nature due to the researchers’ ability to investigate historical patterns of cultural pathologies and average health indicators. Phenomenological research focuses primarily on discovering ones of epidemiological data (Jamali, 2018). Moreover, while ethnographic research aims at defining the collective experiences of the community, phenomenology sheds light on diverse experiences within a community united by culture or ethnic origin. An example of an ethnographic study would be the research that aims at investigating the attitudes to vaccination among Alaska Natives and American Indians. In order to obtain tangible study outcomes, it would be imperative to collect background socio-cultural data that may be crucial in terms of the community’s decision-making patterns. On the other hand, when investigating people’s personal experiences with COVID-19 vaccination, researchers do not have to tie the data to a specific background, focusing on the unique narratives of the respondents instead. Considering the approaches, it should be concluded that despite the existing differences, both phenomenological and ethnographic studies present an exceptional value for the development of evidence-based clinical practice.
Introduction African slaves did not come to Latin America (New World) out of their own choice. Such decisions were made for them through a combined effort of African rulers and traders who bought, enslaved and then sold them to American and European ship owners and traders, who in turn transported and sold them to slave owners in the New World. In actual reality, no African would have chosen his or her destination in the coffee, cocoa, sugar, tobacco and cotton plantations of the Atlantic, Pacific and Caribbean coasts. During the 1490s and early 1500s, individual Afro-Spaniards and Africans had accompanied the first batch of Spanish explorers traveling to the Caribbean. In the early decades of the 16 th century, this number increased when Italian and Spanish entrepreneurs established sugar plantations in the New World, the first ones being on present-day Haiti and the Dominican Republic which at that time was known as Hispaniola. The Spaniards then moved on to New Granada (Colombia), Mexico, Peru and Venezuela between the 1520s and 1530s where they introduced sugar plantations and Africans as well. 1 The first African Slaves to Brazil and the Caribbean By 1600, Latin American plantation agriculture was very well established not in Spanish America but in the region of Brazil. This form of agriculture had been transplanted to Brazil by the Italian and Portuguese merchants and planters who had already established a substantial sugar industry on the Cape Verde, Madeira and Sao Tome Islands, off the Atlantic coast of Africa. At the beginning of the 17 th century, the Brazilian coastal regions of Pernambuco and Bahia produced more than
When many people have a chance to interact simultaneously, especially in learning settings, it may easily lead to the occurrence of conflicts and arguments. The talkative or negative members undoubtedly impact the atmosphere within the team (Jacobs et al., 2016). It seems that “the show-off” might negatively influence the moods of all the members, considering that it is easy to get irritated by such a type of behavior (Jacobs et al., 2016). In addition, show-offs’ aim is to impress people around them, especially a group leader, and to do so, they usually opt for talking without a stop or boasting, which distracts other members. It is a common issue in group settings as such members desire to attract attention to themselves as they might be insecure or not confident in themselves. That is why the show-offs tend to answer all the questions, even those that are not directed at them. Moreover, they can attract a leader’s attention by asking irrelevant or off-topic questions. As a matter of fact, non-stop talking may be an obstacle for reaching a productive learning atmosphere as, eventually, people will be irritated and not have acquired any helpful knowledge during the lesson. The constant involvement of the show-offs in the educational process is likely to annoy other members so that they will develop hatred for such type of behavior (Forsyth, 2019). Furthermore, the show-offs can easily prevent the group from reaching the set aim by distracting them through their foolery and over-involvement in the whole process. Overall, such members can harm the group’s productivity and effectiveness in learning as they opt for attracting all the attention to themselves without giving other individuals opportunities to realize their potentials within the settings.
In many societies, children have the privilege of growing up with either both or one of their birth parents present. Therefore, the perception of adoption is that of a family with fragile ties, for the adopted child is not from the family’s bloodline. Transracial and international adoptions are superlatively more precarious due to the fact that physical attributes, cultural and ethnical inclinations coincide to tell the difference between foster parents and their adopted children. That is why both the parties involved in the adoption process stand to loose during its progression. The biological parents loose their child while the foster parents loose a chance to conceive and leave their own heritage. The adopted child looses even more in terms of lineage, culture and behavioral traits. This causes the adoptees to undergo painful psychological adjustments while they try to place themselves in their adoptive family. On the other hand, Oceanic and Eskimo societies have a very casual approach to adoption unlike most western societies and to them adopting a child needs not be a legally frustrating process. In Hawaii for example, the preceding ruler, Queen Luliuokalani was an adopted child and the documented process of her adoption was very simple in that her biological mother just gave her to the administrating chief who adopted her. This form of adoption was and is quite popular with the chiefs and it sends a message of unity and accordance to society. More civilized societies like America only apply for adoption in moments of crisis, contravening the Oceanic method of adoption that is a lucid selfless act of love and compassion. These societies treat adoption as a social obligation, and it is deeply entrenched into their culture. These close-knit societies offer an advantage to the biological parents of the adoptee for they can still monitor their child’s progress and consequently maintain the bonds between the parent and the child. An Adoptee can be moved from parent to parent for a short or long periods depending on the prevailing circumstances of the biological parents. Anthropology and adoption The management of adoption in anthropological prose brings about sagacity that the notion has already been resolved. Anthropologists err in obliging this notion on others rather than embrace examination thus amplify the criterion of study. The indenture of a child is considered as an aspect of affiliation due to demographic conditions rather than a major social and cultural event. This disregard points out the conventional approach in analysis taken by anthropologists. This is reflected back into society especially in the western world, which views adoptees as predestined persons who fall between the kin and non-kin dimensions. Such presumption are however not worldwide and other distinct societies view kinship as a special connection with a child either by feeding or spending time with it and a child is perceived to be born to and of society. Therefore, kinship is attributed to the fostering society and the environment a child grows up in, as a result kinship is considered designated rather than definite. The study of adoption is hence
Introduction HealthStream is an internet-based learning and research company that provides training, information, and education solutions for the healthcare industry. The company’s business is in two industries, represented by, HealthStream Learning and HealthStream Research. According to the company’s 10-K filing, HealthStream Learning takes care of the “training, information and education” related needs of the healthcare industry. On the other hand, HealthStream Research provides healthcare organizations with “surveys, analyses of survey results and other research-based services” (10-K, 2009). Headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee, the company employs around 300 people and in 2009 had total revenue of $57.39 million, an increase of 11.2% over 2008. HealthStream operates in a highly volatile industry and faces a constant threat of losing its customers to competitors and substitute products. Of its two main services, HealthStream Research is still new and yet to start providing returns to HealthStream. On the positive side, the company has a high cash flow and zero long-term debt, giving it resources to further expand and invest in its brand name. To counter the threat of competition, HealthStream might want to look into expanding its existing services so that customers can find all healthcare-related solutions in one place. Also, the company has exclusive focus on the healthcare industry, which severely limits its growth potential. HealthStream may also want to look into diversifying into other industries through strategic acquisitions. History HealthStream was incorporated in 1990 and began providing its int
Biggest ethical dilemma faced by qualitative researchers The biggest ethical dilemma in qualitative research is the researchers’ responsibility for disclosure of information. The decision on whether to disclose information to any interested party to research or even to conceal information from concerned individuals and groups forms the basis of the dilemma. Every research activity is aimed at finding solutions and researchers’ interest will be to find the necessary information. As a result, there may be a need to conceal some information to ensure a smooth research process. Similarly, the results of the research might be of public interest and prompt for disclosure, to the compromise of a group’s interest. Concealing information or even the researcher’s identity has in the past been a tool for the success of major research activities. Similarly, participants in research are supposed to be informed of the nature of the research before they can consent to be part of such activities. Further, the guarantee of privacy should be offered to the participants before the research. Full disclosure of the extent of confidentiality should also be made before the commencement of the research. A researcher is therefore expected either to consider the success of the research at the expense of ethics of disclosure or to prioritize ethics (Berg and Lune, 2011). Primary reasons for using qualitative research and ques
Among a variety of the existing planets in the Solar System with their unique characteristics, importance, and relevance to the Earth, Jupiter remains to be one of the most interesting unusual and remarkable objects for consideration. Its history, as well as its name, is closely connected to the Romans. Its place in the system may be easily compared with the role of the Romans in history. During prehistoric times, Jupiter was called a “wandering star,” and nowadays, people name it as the “King of Planets,” particularly because of its size, magnetic field, and the dozens of moons in regards to other planets (Siegel 164). The current paper aims at discussing and evaluating Jupiter from different perspectives, mentioning its size, location, age, appearance, history, etc., and proving that it has to be cared for and studied thoroughly by people. Jupiter visible from the Earth. Jupiter is considered to be more than just an amazing object that can be observed in the sky. It is known due to its size (more than twice bigger than all other planets combined), its long history (its first record was dated in the 7 th BC), and its satellites (more than 60 moons are around the planet) (Tiner 43). On the one hand, this planet does not differ from the Moon or some other stars that can be visible from the Earth (Figure 1). On the other hand, its detailed analysis introduces the planet as a massive gas giant with absent surface and a faintly identified set of dust rings that amazes people and make them think about this planet as something unstable still important (Figure 2). This is why it is interesting to investigate Jupiter in order to prove that its specific characteristics make its role more crucial. Though its overview is a simple combination of numbers and metric data, its grandiosity cannot but amaze people. Jupiter. Due to the presence of a number of moons as its satellites and a powerful magnetic field, the experts usually define Jupiter as a unique miniature solar system. There are four main satellites, which may be compared with the one of the Earth’s, the Moon; the others are smaller, still, their amount is influential indeed (“Fast Facts: Jupiter” par. 7). It is also stated that there is no life on Jupiter, but some of its moons with oceans may support life. However, this argument is hard to check for sure because of a few missions with positive results have been organized. In spite of the fact that Jupiter is more distant than Mars to the Earth, it is usually brighter, and it shines during the whole year around. Its shining is characterized as robust and constant (Tiner 42). This is why people can observe it from the Earth in case they know where and what to look at it. The combination of some general facts about Jupiter can help to create a more or less clear picture of the planet and its develop
Advertisers use fear appeals in their commercials to emphasize negative results that can happen unless the consumer changes an attitude or behavior. The use of fear appeals is widespread. Advertisers use fear appeals to encourage social policy issues such change to healthier habits, stopping smoking, engaging in regular exercise, using contraception, eating a balanced diet and drinking without driving (Pope 2). Commercials also use fear appeals to influence social risks associated with one’s success and opposite sex, career and others (Solomon 334). Fear appeals work when advertisers present a moderate amount of fear and a solution to the problem is present in the advertisement. Too much amount of fear does not result into change since the audience tends to deny the existence of such threats as a way to rationalize the danger. A thorough elaboration of fear may interfere with the communication of the intended change behavior to the audience. The audience may think that the advertisement is not for him or her and pays less attention to it. Use of fear works better when the sources are highly credible. A weak threat is equally ineffective. This can occur has a result of insufficient demonstration of the risky consequences of involving in the behavior. For instance, the use of scary methods in getting teens to stop their consumptions of alcohol or drugs is not that effective. Teenagers simply tune out the message or deny the relevancy of the message. The use of social threat is a more effective strategy in adolescent than use of scary strategy (Baron 21). Fear appeals should not be confusing to the audience. The message and emotional response should be consistent. Greater fear may not necessarily results into greater persuasion. Different people react distinctively to the same amount of fear. Advertisers know that strongest threats have less effect on their perceived audience than moderated fear. Therefore, a more concrete approach to fear appeals is necessary before advertisers make a definite conclusion concerning the effects of fear appeals on consumer behavior. In the YouTube video advertisement, Do not Drink and Drive , uploaded by Torn Sue in October 17 th 2009, the advertisement is shocking but gets the point home. The advertisement is using fear appeal to highlight effects of drinking and driving, and subsequently to make drunk drivers change their habit. Drinking and driving is a social issue. The advertiser uses kids playing to show the negative effects of drinking and driving. Even the kids are not so secure from drunk-drivers. People commended the commercial for its effective delivery of the message to the target audience. However, not everyone appreciated the commercial advertisement. Some critics argued t
With the rise in the levels of social well-being and financial security observed in the U.S. in the 1960s, the extent of involvement in the struggles of other countries has been observed in the U.S. politics, particularly, in the policies promoted by John F. Kennedy. Shortly after his inauguration, JFK founded the organization known as Peace Corps, which was supposed to provide support to countries in crisis (“The 1960s”). Relying on volunteer work, Peace Corps sought to improve its relationships with developing countries and promote the ideas of peace and support globally. Therefore, Peace Corps’ overall performance has been generally defined by the need to maintain peace globally and extend help to the countries that faced an imminent economic, financial, or political threat. The Space Program In an attempt to surpass the USSR in technological development and the pace of progress in research and technology, the U.S. started participating in what would later be defined as the Space Race. As a result, JFK set the goal of the moon landing as a part of the space exploration process, thus, creating the Space program. The efforts put into the development of space technologies eventually led to unbelievably impressive results as Neil Armstrong set his foot on the Moon (“The 1960s”). Being the second part of the Space Program, known as Project Gemini, the specified event was seminal in the expansion of the U.S. space exploration process. However, since the goals of expanding into the space and exploring its environment were exceptionally costly, a significant amount of time would pass until the U.S. made another tremendous advance in the trajectory of its space program development. Bay of Pigs Being overwhelmingly concerned with the political situation observed in Cuba, particularly, the development of a potential threat to the U.S. democracy, Kennedy introduced a range of measures to counteract the danger. The Bay of Pigs Operation was one of such steps, representing an attempt at invading Cuba (“The Cuban Missile Crisis, October 1962”). The operation was developed immediately after the Cuban revolution as the means of containing the threat that the new Communist government represented in Cuba (“The Cuban Missile Crisis, October 1962”). Supported and implemented by Cuban rebels, who were against Fidel Castro’s political ideology and the direction in which he took the country, the Bay of Pigs Operation largely represented a series of guerilla interventions (“The Cuban Missile Crisis, October 1962”). However, despite thorough planning and the use of a range of resources, as well as the attempt at a plane attack, the U.S. suffered a defeat (“The Cuban Missile Crisis, October 1962”). The Cuban Missile Crisis The U.S. also considered the USSR as a massive threat to global political well-being. While the tension between the U.S. and the USSR developed gradually at first, it qui