ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Van Horn et al (2008) defined cardiovascular disease or CVD as diseases that affect the heart and blood vessels. Cardiovascular diseases include coronary heart disease or CHD, coronary artery disease, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. CVD is one of the top causes of mortality in the United States. The public health agenda therefore consider CVD prevention on its priorities. It is fortunate for many to note that studies showed reduction of the incidence of CHD through diet as possible (Giugliano, 2006). Dietary factors play a prominent role in coronary atherosclerosis as proposed by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III). Hence, diet practice important in the prevention of CVD as well as during intervention process (ATP III, 2001). Evidence from epidemiological, experimental, and clinical trials for decades now has indicated positive correlation between lifestyle and dietary factors with blood lipid levels, blood pressure, and CHD (Van Horn et al, 2008). Previous studies already pointed out that diet high in red meat and all its components both fresh and processed, sweets and desserts, breads and pastries, potatoes, French fries, and refined grains, causes inflammation specifically in heart blood vessels. Diets high in fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, poultry, and fish are found to cool inflammation down (Giugliano, 2006). Giugliano (2006) likewise suggested that dietary patterns high in refined starches, sugar, saturated and trans fatty acids increases risk of inflammation. In contrast, a diet high natural antioxidants and fiber from fruits, vegetables, and whole grains make individuals resistant to CHD incidence. Heart disease remain the top discharge diagnosis for the majority of aging U.S. population as older adults aged 65 years older account for the most hospital discharges and highest hospital day care in the United States (DeFrances, 2007). DeFrances (2007) has noted that operations on the cardiovascular system are the most performed surgical procedures among older patients. Disease may include coronary artery bypass graft or CABG. Likewise, more and more patients that undergo cardiac surgery in many medical centers in the United States are those ages 6
Poetry often has a way of expressing thoughts and feelings that are considered inexpressible in English or any other actual language. It does this by using a variety of tools and literary devices that enable the author to make a bid for the reader’s (or listener’s) attention and emotional involvement. By moving directly toward the emotion of an idea, and focusing attention on various ways in which that emotion might be expressed, poets such as Alicia Ostricker are capable of quickly involving their readers in the action of a poem and beginning to establish a reaction from their audience. Alicia Ostricker’s poem “First Love” refers to the loss of a first love by a young daughter living in the home. The heartbreak of the daughter is almost palpable as the mother discusses the various ways in which she wishes she could both take away the pain and enable her daughter to grow naturally into the beautiful woman she will be. This is true whether one is a mother, a daughter, a sister or even a father, brother or uncle. Within this short, 22-line poem, Ostricker employs tools such as metaphor and simile with rich imagery to paint emotional pictures for her audience that draw on their more aesthetic and reverent natures to illustrate how the loss of a first love by a young daughter affects not only the child, but the parent as well. The theme of the poem is obviously the suffering of the mother after the daughter has broken up with the first boyfriend she held strong feelings for. This is made clear in the first and second stanzas as the mother/speaker compares this loss with a religious experience. The metaphor is established by proximity and similarity of language: “When the child begins to suffer, the mother / finds in her mouth those burning coals / you can neither spit out nor swallow – / It tells you this in Zen” (1-4). The image thus brought immediately forward is one of extreme pain and powerlessness. There is perhaps no more sensitive place in the body than the mouth and everyone has experienced what it is like to have something too hot placed within it. The concept that this is something that must stay in place despite the pain is therefore something everyone can relate to. The speaker then takes this emotional and tactile impression one step further into the realm of the religious by associating the idea with Zen and metaphysics: “you’re illuminated when / the coals dissolve and your mouth is cool” (5-6). Through this comparison, the child’s suffering is considered to be a lesson in Zen in a way that makes little difference to the actual religious beliefs of the individual audience member experiencing the poem. Whether they are capable of accepting the idea of Zen or any other religion does not detract from the very physical and emotional sensations that accompany the images that the poet has placed in their minds with the repeated reference to the burning coals. This heavy start to the poem is given a bit of levity as the speaker moves on to create a simile to convey the atmosphere of the home after the break-up: “The child’s lost boyf
The importance of the supportive communication and listening cannot be overestimated within the organization. This type of communication helps to build the supportive relationships among the groups and individuals of the company. These skills increase the performance at work and assist the employees with the tools that aid to address the informative and clear messages; therefore make the communication process more effective. I taught the skills of the supportive communication and listening to Joel, a friend of mine who graduated from VCU with a degree in political science. Recently Joel works in the Bank of America. The situation included only two participants: Joel, who was going to percept and apply the information about supportive communication, and I, who aimed to teach Joel the necessary skills for the successful execution of job responsibilities. The importance of these abilities, which help to build up the strong interaction, is significant for him. His job position requires regular communication with colleagues and supervisors within the department and among the different units of the organization. Therefore, the development of new skills helps him to establish the supportive relationships with the peers and employer and enhance the productivity of his job performance. Since Joel started his career at the Bank of America recently, he is striving for the expertise that can provide confidence and improve the interpersonal relationships. This is the reason why he asked me to help him understand and implement the principles of supportive communication. The ability to understand the address without considering it as the unnecessary critique and precisely deliver his message is an advantage and valuable beginning of the career. The significance of counseling and coaching during the supportive communication emphasizes the advisory basis of interaction. However, there is the difference between two notions: coaching implies the provision of information, which application has to improve the skills associated with the job performance; and counseling assists employees with the tools that “help others recognize and address problems involving their level of understanding, emotions, or personalities.” (Whetten and Cameron 244). When Joel called me, he said:   * “I cannot understand why my boss is always criticizing my work. He treats me as I don’t know anything.”   * “Maybe, it’s not a critique, but an attempt to help you. You’ve just started to work there,” I said.   * “He provides me with the instructions and advice, even about trifles, all the time,” Joel sighed.   * “Let’s meet and talk about it,” I replied. This conversation indicates the problem that Joel faced at the workplace. Since he is a novice, his supervisor wants to facilitate him with required knowledge and tools. From Joel’s perspective, the efforts of his boss are the unfounded criticism. The situation has two equally possible interpretations: first, Joel’s defensive mechanism is so strong that he cannot p
Theories of human mental development are extremely important for understanding the child’s personality and building adequate approaches to education. Most theorists give precise descriptions of the developmental phases and the consequences of improper parenting and attitudes towards children in these stages. Therefore, the health worker can influence the family’s situation and correct the wrong attitude of parents towards children, giving timely advice on parenting. Piaget, Erikson, and Freud have developed theories that can be applied to children of all ages, from infancy to adolescence. It is noteworthy that Piaget’s theory focuses on intellectual and functional development, which goes through four phases – sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stages. They refer to ages 0 to 2, 2 to 7, 7 to 11, and 12 years up to death (McLeod, 2020). This theory is convenient, as it helps to understand the most critical stages of cognitive development, including sensory acquaintance with the world and the formation of memory, interaction with objects that the child’s imagination endows with human qualities, the development of logic, and the operation of abstract concepts. It is noteworthy that Erikson’s psychosocial development theory is associated with Piaget’s theory since social development is entirely dependent on cognitive development. Erickson identified eight stages of development: trust vs. mistrust, independence vs. shame or doubt, initiative vs. guilt, accomplishment vs. inferiority, identity vs. confusion, intimacy vs. isolation, generativity vs. stagnation, and integrity vs. despair. The stages correspond to the ages of 12 to 18 months, 18 months to 3 years, 3 to 5 years, 5 to 12 years, 12 to 18 years, 18 to 40 years, 40 to 65 years, and 65 years to death. No less impressive is Freud’s theory of psychosexual development, which distinguishes five phases of the formation of ID, superego and ego – oral (0 to 1 years), anal (1 to 3 years), phallic (3 to 6 years), latent (6 years to puberty), and genital (puberty to death). The practical application of these theories allows health care providers to help parents raise children who will be confident and happy members of society.
Introduction In the modern context, diversification of markets is one of the most important dreams for organizational managers. Companies are increasing expanding their market area to cover more than one nation, region and continent. Thanks to technological advancement, most companies are advancing towards achieving this goal through globalization of markets. WRSX is an example of a company that is currently seeking to enter foreign markets hoping to tap the opportunities presented by the modern trends of business diversification. After attending four boardroom meetings spanning over four years, the researcher wishes to develop a compressive analysis of a strategy for WRSX Company to enter into foreign markets. The four boardroom meetings involved a comprehensive analysis of the market opportunities and market entry strategies available for the company as it seeks to go global. The purpose of this paper is to develop a personal focus on the decisions arrived at the four boardroom meetings. It will assess theoretical basis for the decisions arrived and consider possible reasons for the success or failures of the decisions. This will be achieved through response to specific questions. Original strategic position and the impact of new information on original decision and choices It is evident that the strategy experience obtained from attending the four boardroom meetings that took place over the last two years produced significant changes to the original decisions. A large volume of new information was obtained from the experience, which caused significant changes to the original decisions. First, it is worth considering the status of the original summary. At the beginning, the summary attempted to emphasize on the need to diversify the market for the company, mainly focusing on the emerging markets in Southeast Asia. For instance, the summary indicated that the emergence of the new markets in the region provided a wide range of new opportunities, focusing mainly on the large population in countries such as China. Moreover, the initial summary considered the decreasing economic prowess of various nations in the western world, including the decline in market growth rates in the US, the UK and various nations under the European Union. With these considerations, the summary argued that the emerging markets in southeastern Asian region were the best option for WSRX. It is also worth noting that the summary ignored countries like India, assuming that the country is still a developing world with a high population in the low-income class and a high rate of unemployment. Thirdly, the summary ignored Africa, assuming that the continent as a whole is still “an area of disease, poverty and wars”. The summary further assumed that the biggest challenge in southeastern Asia was not competition, but the strategies involved in initial market entry. In fact, the summary ignored the rise of multinational organizations in the region, only focusing on market entry strategies as well as the opportunities presented by the large population in the region. The summary further assumed that the Chinese market is homogenous and similar to the European
The formal Phoenix City Council meeting occurred on Wednesday, October 16th, 2013. The public meeting at the Phoenix City Council Chambers had the agenda of the liquor license bill and review of the planning code for construction projects within the Phoenix district. Before entrance into the public chambers, members of the public had to register at the North West entrance door. Among the detail, we were expected to provide the age, street, national identification number and citizenry of each attendee. The meeting commenced at 3.00pm after a short prayer by Pastor Jonnies and singing of the National Anthem directed by Council Johnson. All the nine council members confirmed attendance from Mayor Greg Stanton to his deputy. The meeting commenced smoothly as members of the council presented their concerns and progress of past projects approved by the council in their areas of representation. Surprisingly, the public gallery had only a handful of attendees despite the big space reserved for them in the outer circle of the hall. The council members were seated in a semi-circular dais with the mayor occupying the highest seat in the front row. The meeting was properly organized and each speaker was expected to observe a five minutes allocation for discussing issues arising from the two main bills on liquor and environmental concerns in construction within the city of Phoenix. The most interesting presentation was that of Council Johnson on the scope of liquor licensing, especially in restaurants that are located near schools and public places like parks and other recreational centers. The debate on the scope of the liquor bill dragged for one and a half hours with each member of the council giving their opinion on the best model to be adopted to minimize conflict of interest with the central government and the police authority. The tall, dark-skinned Council Johnson defended the proposed liquor bill by reflecting on his past experience with an anonymous restaurant located near a public school that actually had a liquor license despite the clear stipulation on licensing approval. The process of requesting for a permission to speak really attracted my interest. Any person within the chamber who wanted to speak had to request for the permission from the city mayor by pressing a button that would alert the mayor. The process of pressing the button and receiving a response from the mayor was almost instant. However, each potential speaker had to wait for their turn, depending on the time when the request was made. The sergeant at arms in the council meeting chambers had the responsibility of regulating each speaker and passing different documents from one council member to another. The speakers were generally organized and had good command of the bill they were presenting to the house. When speaking, a council member or a guest was required to stand and move closer to the microphone fitted in each seat. Among the other expertise in attendance included the Phoenix’s liquor board chairperson and three repres
Tidwell talks about the issue of global warming, which has been termed in the academic circles as the global commons. The United States, just like other countries in the world, is being faced with the issue of conserving the environment in order to resolve the issue of global warming. In the United States, the water bodies are polluted each day, dust and gases are in the air, and the surrounding is full of waste products. This has an effect to the environment, which threatens the world security. Environmental degradation is a global common because pollution in one country would probably affect the health of individuals in other countries. As the president was meeting other heads of states from all over the world, the issue of conserving the environment in the US was still a matter of concern, just in the same way as states have continuously failed to come up with a single policy to address the problems affecting the environment. Based on this issue, Tadwell advises Americans to neglect the policies that urge them to protect the environment at the individual level. This is because real pollution is caused by companies, which are never given regulatory policies to guide their production. For real environmental conservation, Tadwell advises that citizens should stop giving in to the tricks of the government and lobby the parliament to come up with laws that would lead to real environmental conservation. In this regard, environmentalists should employ the techniques utilized by the civil groups in 1960s, such as demonstration, to lobby politicians to design environmentally friendly laws. In the United States, there are quite a number of green gestures, but little political action. This means that various groups are willing to conserve the environment, but there is no political goodwill. He observes that the former president, George W. Bush, encouraged individuals to take the initiative of conserving the environment, but pollution rates have never changed. The country needs to come up with strong policies that would ensure the problem of global warming is resolved. The consequences of global warming are stern because some parts of the world might be extinct. For instance, some Irelands such as the Eastern Shores may join others, which will bring about conflicts. Hurricane, which is related to global warming, will bring about untold suffering. Therefore, it is upon Americans to come up with strategies that would prevent all these. The main solution to the problem of global warming is agitating for sustainable development. This means that today’s production should take into consideration the future generation. In this case, production shou
Introduction Brain is one of the most important body organs. Its failure or malfunctioning usually results into fatal cases that are complicated and costly to treat. Like any other disease of the human body, brain diseases manifest into different ways, displaying varying signs and symptoms together with diverse risk levels. Medical practitioners describe the loss of brain function as dementia, a condition caused by certain diseases, which affect the brain. In discovering diseases, which lead to this condition, Alzheimer’s disease is among them. Abbreviated as AD, the disease starts mildly before worsening with time. Its greatest effects are that it affects the overall memory ability of a patient, thinking and ultimately behavior. Alzheimer’s disease results into a wide range of diagnosis features, including memory impairment, poor judgment ability, personality problems, improper decision-making and language problems (Turkington & Mitchell, 2009). According to documented research, Alzheimer’s disease is the primary cause of dementia affecting close to half a million people in the United Kingdom and five million in the United States. Importantly, dementia is a general term which refers to a collection of symptoms, which may include poor reasoning, problematic communicating ability, mood changes and impaired memory among others. These symptoms mainly occur following brain damage that could be caused by Alzheimer’s disease or other related infections. The disease is believed to have been first described by Alois Alzheimer, a German neurologist as a physical disease which predominantly affects the brain (Cohen, 1999). As a practicing doctor, Alois Alzheimer noticed unusual symptoms manifested by one of his dead patients in 1906. Alzheimer’s disease is well known to affect the normal structure of brain, which may result into the death of some important cells. It is important to double emphasize that the disease is progressive and may lead to continuous damage and death of more brain cells. As a result, patients with Alzheimer’s disease worsen with time. Like in other known cases, scientists have devoted their time discovering the treatment of the disease with results indicating that there is no exact cure for the disease yet (Brill, 2005). This research paper, therefore, gives an analysis of the treatment of the disease. Several segments covering the chemistry of the disease have been incorporated in brief with a thorough and elaborate synthesis of treatment procedures that have been found working and recommended in dealing with the disease. Symptoms Major signs and symptoms of the disease revolve around the memory of patients as their brain gets damaged with time. Although memory problems could also be attributed to other infections, which affect the brain, medical practitioner