ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
In the article “The Moral Instinct” by Steve Pinker, the author talks about morality as a global issue that needs to be revised considering the number of immoral things that are being moralized to become lifestyles. He names a number of such things with homosexuality, divorce and marijuana being on his list. He also names cigarette smoking as the best example of something that was acceptable in the past and is now being viewed as immoral since it is harmful to people’s health. His discussion continues to include a range of other discussions like the universality of morality among other vital subjects. The most fascinating thing about the whole article is how the author catches the attention of his readers. It is worth to say that his method is nothing but spectacular. The author’s introduction is nothing like related to psychology, which is supposed to be the main discipline used in this article. The introduction is like a story that everyone needs to hear. He uses Bill Gates, Mother Teresa and Norman Borlaug as his choice of reference. It is like using a celebrity to advertise something. A look at the other part of the article shows that the subject is not an easy subject to deal with. It is hard to follow what the author is talking about. The writer understands this, and this is probably why he uses these famous individuals to make his subject appealing among the readers. He looks at the fame of each individual and their role in helping humanity. The person, who has played the biggest role, Norman, seems not popular among readers. Left with Mother Teresa and Bill Gates for the readers to choose their favorite, the author predicts that Gates would not be favored by many like Mother Teresa. Thinking that the story would continue, the author cuts it short with the issue of morality. By comparing Bill Gates with Mother Teresa, the author is trying to point out that morality is more notable, of more concern to the society no matter how much money or fame an individual may have. However, the author does not buy this since he sees this as a veil to distract people away from other callings of actions that make people flourish or suffer. Throughout t
Being among the most developed cities in the world, Dubai has a clear future vision that focuses on excelling in a variety of spheres. One of the goals involved in Dubai Plan 2021 is to enhance the quality of healthcare, housing, and education and ensure that these services respond to the needs of the people. Additionally, the Ministry of Education intends to achieve higher standards of education by 2021. At present, the quality of education in Dubai is limited, and action is needed to achieve these goals in the education sphere. This project focused on identifying and analyzing the primary issues that could affect the education sector in Dubai and plan for a policy action that would help to address them. The report outlines that there are three fundamental problems that impact education in Dubai. Firstly, there are numerous differences between private and public education that influence how public schools operate. Most subjects in public schools are taught in Arabic, leaving students with weaker English skills than those who went to private schools. Secondly, many teachers who work in Dubai schools are from other countries. This leads to problems such as gaps in the curriculum, as foreign teachers might be confused with unfamiliar standards or guidelines. Dubai government is currently developing a licensing system for teachers, but it is also critical to ensure that all educators have appropriate qualifications and knowledge of the school program in Dubai. The last problem faced by the education sector in Dubai is the lack of performance transparency, as there is currently no system that monitors school performance through objective assessment. The new policy should seek to resolve all of these issues in order to allow Dubai to reach its 2021 performance objectives. The recommended policy includes both regulatory and directed policy instruments, which will be used to target each problem individually. The government should set English as the first language of communication in public schools, impose regular re-training of all teachers, and conduct frequent school inspections to improve the transparency of school performance measurement. These policy options were chosen as they address the full scope of each identified problem. For example, the English language is crucial to success in the contemporary world, and thus setting it as a primary language in public schools will enhance students’ knowledge and use of English. The implementation of the policy will be regulated by the Ministry of Education and monitored by school inspectors. Although the proposed policy will be useful, there are some risks involved, including resistance from schools, students, and parents, high costs, scheduli
Toyota Motor Corporation in Australia orients in its activities to the sustainable practices in order to overcome sustainability issues associated with the environmental protection and usage of resources. To protect the environment and community’s interests, Toyota should focus on implementing strategies developed to improve the technologies of the car production in relation to vehicle design, reduction of greenhouse emissions, orientation to recycling processes, use of innovative materials, and reduction of the energy usage (Dunphy, Griffiths, & Benn, 2003). To protect the environment and develop the company’s capacities within the sphere of sustainable production, Toyota should implement a range of effective strategies in order to respond to the needs of the community. The implementation of the innovative technologies, which can reduce the negative effects on the ecological system of the region, is the first step. The main strategies, which should be implemented within the company, are the development of the sustainable car design with references to using materials that are more efficient; the improvement of a supply chain; the focus on research and development in the company; and the introduction of technologies orienting to reduce waste and the usage of resources. The development of the sustainable car design with using of materials that are more efficient is necessary to contribute to the effective usage of resources. According to the principles of Biomimicry research, it is necessary to focus on the development of the more sustainable car design, paying more attention to aerodynamic possibilities of forms and materials. Furthermore, the usage of innovative technologies should be based on the simple design and environmentally friendly strategies. Toyota is able to shift to the usage of light metals and cast materials in the production of the developed hybrid and fuel-efficient vehicles to make the process more sustainable ( Innovation for the Automotive Industry, 2012). The improvement of a supply chain is the next effective strategy, which should be implemented in Toyota Company in order to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions and optimize the usage of resources. From this point, the optimization is necessary for improvement the work of the supply chain and company’s logistics. Toyota should continue the participation in the Ecostation program in order to reduce possible gas emissions. To achieve the high results, it is important to reduce the transport operations within the supply chain and to use software calculating gas emissions effectively ( Toyota: Respect for the planet , 2013). Furthermore, Toyota should review the strategies in choosing suppliers and foc
Overview   * Demographic of parents involved;   * Results of the questionnaire;   * Discussion;   * References. Demographic of Parents   * Four individual parents were interviewed.   * Two mothers and two fathers:       + Richard Simon: single parent father, divorced and full time employed.       + John Patrick: married father of two with full time employment.       + Julia Kyla: a part time graduate school student attending weekend classes.       + Nancy Patrickhedge: a stay-at-home mother. Results Age of Parents. Age of Child per Parent. Quality time spent with children during the week. Location of quality time spent with children. Table 1 – Showing ranks of people who spent the most of with the children. Activities that parents do with their children and their weekly frequencies. Note that these activities were carried out with both children depending on their availability. The time of the day/week the parents spend with their child/children. Discussion   * The ages of the parents interviewed was a reflective of the national average of the parent age where most a majority of parents with young children fall in the 26 – 35 age bracket (ABS,1998).   * The results also showed a national trend where most young parents who mostly fall in the 18 – 25 years age bracket generally had one child. On the other hand, there were little or no parents under the age of 18 years (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2011 & 2007; Bowes, 2011; Malone 2007; “Population clock”, 2012).   * Though reflective of the national average, time spent with children is mostly determined by the parent(s)’ occupation and/or academics.   * Thus, this will either take the parent’s time or leave him or her with enough time to spend with his/her kids.   * Even though tied by
According to Greek mythology, Medusa is considered to be a chthonic monstrous female character, the daughter of Ceto and Phorcys. Originally this character was perceived as goddess Athena aspect from Libya being the Libyan Amazons’ Serpent-Goddess. Her role in the mythology has undergone different interpretations and versions. Medusa was beheaded by Perseus, the mythological hero. According to the legend he used Medusa’s head as a kind of weapon until providing it to goddess Athena to put on her shield. In modern mythology this character is known as the expression of the evil named Gorgoneion. According to the mythology Medusa was considered to be the only mortal person among three sisters. Originally, she was depicted as the horse having wings; later on the history of mythology shows the image of this character as the creature with wild boar tusks, black tongue, serpents instead of wings and brazen claws instead of hands. According to the legend her gaze could turn any person into stone. The character of Medusa is usually called Gorgon or in other words “Mistress of the Gate of Death”. Speaking about symbolized character of Medusa it should be noted that this creature used to mean the female genitals together with female sexuality. From the very beginning of the Medusa mythological legend she happened to have been illustrated as a head only. It was stated that the body which was added a bit later enabled to kill Medusa. It helped to explain the origin of the disembodied head of a terror look and solute a conflict between the human fears and a man as to the female demonic sexual energy. In Ancient Greece kiln doors and ovens were decorated with the image of Medusa in order to frighten children for them not to hurt themselves. Speaking about the analysis of the character it is important to stress that Sigmund Freud tried to involve this image into his theory in order to illustrate the meaning of the creature in modern world. According to his statements: “ The terror of Medusa is thus a terror of castration that is linked to the sight of something.” He considered that the fact of depicting Medusa in the works of literature and art in the snake form can be explained by its derivation from a castration complex. Freud stated that despite the frightening image of the character it could serve as the horror mitigation; he considered that the absence of penis is the only cause of the fear and horror that is why snakes are used in order to replace it. Sigmund Freud stuck to the point that this was a technical rule confirmation according to wh
Introduction As the world becomes increasingly globalized, the issue of immigration has risen to prominence in many developed nations. Movement of labour across regions of the world out of economic considerations has increased significantly in the last 2 decades (Castles and Davidson 12). Countries have been affected in different ways by this movement of labour and respective governments have taken up different approaches on the issue. Unlike the US and other European countries that have accepted a huge influx of migrant workers from their neighbours, Japan has been a fairy-closed country to foreign workers. Japan did not have notable immigration in the post-World War II era since the labour demands of the country were successfully met by internal migration from poorer regions in the country. However, the economic boom of the mid 1980s necessitated the use of foreign workers and this marked the first wave of immigrants in Japan. The immigrant was followed by an increase in the presence of illegal immigrants in the country. This paper will set out to discuss immigration in Japan with focus being given to the issue of illegal foreigners in Japan. Immigration in Japan Japan considers itself a homogenous society and immigration is not as common as in other first world countries. The Japanese government has strongly pursued an immigration policy that does not allow low-skilled and unskilled foreign labour on the grounds that this group of workers would disrupt the homogeneous society currently in existence in Japan. Yamanaka explains that Japan has adopted a policy that protects against the possibility of a mass influx of unskilled immigrant workers who would impede the national integrity and drain the nation of its national resources (189). The country the
Purpose of the Study Mathematics is one of the most important subjects in schools. Math helps a student in other subjects. Math can also be important in job search after completing studies (Fore et al., 2007). Most African Americas and Hispanic students do not have basic math skills. For instance, a report in the year 2000 indicated that 39% of African Americans and 48% of Hispanics had basic skills among grade 4 students. For grade 8, only 32% African Americans and 41% Hispanic were at or above basic skills (Fore et al., 2007). This study had three different hypotheses. In the first one, the teachers’ self-monitoring effects of CBM measures on math implementation were evaluated. It was investigated whether self-monitoring had any impacts on the way teachers review and modify reviews on plans that they use to analyze the performance of student based on CBM measures in math. The second study involved the generalization of CBM survey level math assessments. This study aimed to compare the variations that exist between two different types of survey-level CBM math assessments. The third study examined the construct validity of CBM math measures. The objective was “to examine how M-CBM improves the general math achievements of students and help them in their computations, as well as applications of theoretical perspectives” (Fore et al., 2007, p. 324). Design and Procedure This research was conducted in the United States. Data regarding the performance of students in mathematics was collected and compared among the various ethnicities across the U.S. The experimental based approach, as well as the evidence-based approach, was used to get the data due to the empirical nature of the study. Participants in this second study were 67 in total where 93% were Caucasians, African- Americans at 3%, Indian at 3%, and Asians at 1%. 207 grade 4 students were involved in the third study where 46% were female and 54% were male. The dependent variables used in this study were the effects that the implementation of CMB had on the performance of students in basic mathematics skills (Fore et al., 2007). On the other hand, the independent variables were the actual performance and improvement of students in math. Data was collected through interviews, where teachers from various schools were interviewed. The performance and achievement of students in math were also evaluated to complement the data. Data analysis Data was collected from interviews and students’ performance measurement and recorded for purposes of analysis. The study aimed to test how CMB measuring can be used to improve the performance of students in math. The data was coded and then put through the various analytical programs. The results of the analyses were used to come up with a conclusion. Conclusion/ Implications The study indicated that CMB can be used together with problem-solving models in mathematics. The formative approach for measuring the performance of students is effective since it can help teachers know problems early enough. Teachers can, therefore, be able to act in advance to improve the per
In April 1963, Black demonstrations were held in Birmingham under the leadership of Martin Luther King. Eight clergymen, representatives of different religions, published an open letter to King asking him to stop the demonstrations. In their message, they advocated compliance with the court’s decisions on racial issues, criticized visitors for organizing protests and approved of the “calm actions” of the police and authorities during them. Luther refused to stop peaceful demonstrations and was imprisoned, where he wrote his answer to the priests. The letter, addressed to King’s followers, contains a call for continuing the movement against racial segregation. As a deeply religious person who served in the church’s name and religion, Martin became very disappointed in its preachers, which he notes in the letter. In it, he also demands corrective and distributive justice concerning the black population. The thoughts expressed on this occasion by the activist are directly related to the problem of justice and the problem of civil rights of blacks and their respect. Martin Luther calls for the application of the rights and freedoms of Negroes. In his opinion, this should be done by resolving civil and criminal cases by a particular State authority court according to the rules provided for by these rights. Such legal solutions would contribute to the establishment of the type of justice that representatives of procedural liberalism dream of. King also notes how far America is removed from the ideal of an equal opportunity society. In his Letter from Birmingham Jail, Martin Luther King, a fighter for the rights of African Americans, repeats the idea of freedom and equality for US citizens. It once again makes people remember what the founding fathers talked about.
Humanitarian intervention poses a major challenge to the international community established under the guidelines of non-use of power, self-government, and non-intervention. Bellamy and Wheeler assert, “Immediately after the holocaust, the society of states established laws prohibiting genocide and the mainstreaming of civilians” (2011, p. 510). The laws uphold the fundamental human rights. These humanitarian ideologies time and again clash with the doctrines of autonomy and non-intervention. Individual countries are mandated with guaranteeing the security of their people. The responsibility is clearly spelled out in the principle of the duty to protect. However, when such states turn against their citizens, it becomes hard for the international community to stand aside in the name of observing the non-intervention principles. International community has played a critical role in intervening for people that are oppressed by either their government or militant groups (Wheeler 2000). A good example was when the United States and Britain intervened in Libya to end the oppression orchestrated by Gaddafi (Bellamy & Wheeler 2011). Despite humanitarian military intervention helping to restore law and order in some countries, to some extent such interventions have turned out to be a waste of lives and money. The issue of humanitarian military intervention can be understood by looking at it from a realist or a liberalist position. Realists argue that states weigh the benefits of participating in humanitarian military intervention before sending their troops. In other words, countries send their forces to war-torn countries not to provide humanitarian aids, but to safeguard their interests. In contrast, liberalists focus on safeguarding of human rights. Liberalists posit, “human being possesses fundamental natural rights to liberty” (Bellamy 2009, p. 76). Hence, liberalists view military intervention as the ultimate mode of safeguarding human rights. It is quite unfortunate that the majority of the present-day humanitarian military interventions appear to be inclined towards safeguarding the interests of developed countries. Such countries do all they can to ensure that their interests are not interfered with without caring about the civilians locked in conflict. The countries pull out their military forces once they realize that they can no longer safeguard their interests leaving the affected nation in a worse situation than they found it (Bellamy 2009). Th
Introduction Julius Caesar is an ancient Roman personality and an influential political figure. Moreover, conspirators, led by a personality called Brutus, assassinated him. Caesar’s role in the play is not immense, though he dominates the play, even after his demise in the third act of the play. He is enigmatic and represents the focal theme of the play, the moral haziness surrounding his assassination (Shakespeare, 2011). The assassinating leader is an influential political figure and coveted leader who is a brutal and sadistic tyrant. Therefore, the conspiracy against him appears to be dignified and similarly malevolent. Caesar’s Personality Caesar is undoubtedly domineering. His first appearance depicts scores of admiring followers behind him. He is accustomed to dominion. Caesar depicts his dominance by dismissing the soothsayer when they warn him (Loos & Bloom, 2008). Sooner, Caesar’s undoubted and profound self-confidence disappears. Additionally, Caesar’s smug feeling of power and dominion against other forces is conspicuously apparent in the way he converses or delivers his speeches to the people. He refers to himself as the royal ‘we’ and shows off his intentions of going to the senate and deferring unwelcome omens. Alternatively, Caesar presents himself as the foremost man of the entire whole world. This clearly depicts itself when Brutus refers to him as a profound leader with influence and strength to lead. He only has few physical defects and disabilities including some epilepsy and mild deafness. He is less susceptible to illness as Cassius complains. This, however, shows that Cassius is rather envious of Caesar. As Brutus notes, Caesar does not let his emotions rule his judgment capabilities (H.S.C). We depict his apt judgment quality; by the way, he portrays Cassius. Antony and Brutus did orate in funeral regarding Caesar’s profound virtues. All other characters always depict Caesar’s virtues in their dispositions. It is odd that the central figure of the play demises before the play is half. Caesar’s spirit, however, continues dominating the play, even after his demise. Antony’s revenge for Caesar’s assassination forms a plot for the second half of the play as Brutus and Cassius contemplate upon Caesars’s thoughts. This brings him to life throughout the entire play. Notably, both his conspirators speak about him on his death. They depict his ingenious and apt capabilities, his leadership and dominating spirit (Loos & Bloom, 2008). Brutus deviously demonstrates the psychology of influence by taking up Caesar’s arrogances, showing Caesar’s thirst for power and utter influence. Caesar’s character revolves around a leader with various defects: manifested physically. Caesar has deafness, mild epilepsy and poor swimming. During his last days, Caesar takes up and believes in superstitions. This stresses and intellectual corruption that power can trigger which makes the audiences of the play sympathize with the assassins as they plot to murder Caesar. Shakespeare softens Caesar’s guilt and conviction when he applies accusations against Caesar. Moreover, they would elicit