ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The extent of the primitiveness in the first millennium is quite incomprehensible to the current mind. The mind and the environment have radically evolved to the extent that primitive history seems to be very incredible. This essay is going to analyze how life was at the turn of the first millennium in England as portrayed by Lacy and Danziger. The essay will specifically analyze the cultural, religious, economic and social aspects of the Anglo Saxons during the first millennium. The Authors Robert Lacey is a British historian while Danny Danziger is a journalist. Robert Lacy knowledge in history and archeology combined with the literary skills of the Danny Danziger forms a good combination for them to qualify to write about the history of the people of England in the first millennium. The Julius Work Calendar This calendar shows the monthly activities of the Anglo Saxons in a period of one year. The calendar depicts economic and religious activities that were strictly observed by the priests and farmers. Lacey and Danziger described the lifestyles of the Anglo Saxons in the format of the Julius Work Calendar by having twelve chapters in the book related to the twelve labor months. Life in the Year 1000 The people who lived in England in first millennium were Anglo Saxons who originated from Germany and they spoke Anglo Saxon, the primitive English. The Anglo Saxons lived a simple daily life since their lives were still under primitive evolution. Lacey and Danziger describes their clothing as “… they wore the simple, sack-like tunics with leggings that we laugh at in the Monty Python movies, though in colors that was rather less muddy (10). Their clothes were very simple necessary give them minimal privacy with a range of colors obtained from the vegetables. The Anglo Saxons crudely fasten their clothes with thongs and clasps, since the improvised buttons were yet to be invented and this fastening made their clothes to be relatively heavy. The Anglo Saxons had a very short life span due to high prevalence of the diseases. “A boy of twelve was considered old enough to swear an oath of allegiance to the king, while girls got married in their early teens, often to men who were significantly older than they were. Most adults died in their forties, and fifty-year-olds were considered venerable indeed” (Lacey & Danziger 20). Their short life span explains why girls get married at their teen ages of twelve years while boys went to war as kids was considered to become adults at the ages of twelve years. In making their living, Anglo Saxons worked very hard in their agricultural activities so that they can have enough food to feed their increasing population. Archeologically, “…the evidence of arthritis in the bones excavated from Anglo-Saxon graves indicates that most people endured a lifetime of hard manual labor and the Julius Work Calendar shows the different forms which that l
Introduction The period of Taisho Democracy corresponds with the duration when Emperor Yoshihito was ruling Japan. The dawn of the Taisho Democracy was marred with uncertainty because the previous emperor was one of the best that Japan has ever had. Consequently, some observers were of the view that his predecessor did not have what it took to keep the Meiji fire burning. Emperor Taisho had various factors working against him, including his health complications, and he also lacked an established legacy. Nevertheless, under Taisho Democracy Japan continued to flourish until the advent of militarism in the late 1920s. Analysis Life under Emperor Taisho was different for various individuals and it appeared to favor those who were in the right place at the right time. The country became more democratic because some of the decisions that traditionally belonged to the emperor were relegated to the Diet. However, as with any other nation, democracy opened up Japan to dissenting opinions and by extension political instability. For example, the facets of life in Taisho Japan were characterized by “greater openness and desire for representative democracy, literary societies, mass-audience magazines, and a burgeoning European culture” (Takayoshi 613). In addition, during this era, Japanese citizens could enjoy music and films that did not necessarily represent their traditions. The modernization efforts that had started during the Meiji Empire continued uninterrupted in the Taisho era. The main difference between the Meiji and the Taisho eras was that the former was authoritarian in nature while the latter was quite liberal. Those who were residing outside Japan also began to notice that the situations were changing for the Asian country. Consequently, the West was not afraid to sell its ideas to Japan during the Taisho era. The ferment in the Taisho era was brought about by a combination of factors. However, most of this turbulence was due to the fact that the period only lasted for a short time. There is a possibility that the Taisho Democracy would have been more successful if the entire process lasted longer. The events of the Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923 o
The time that patients spend in Emergency Department (ED) without receiving the assistance or being transferred to the other department is usually prolonged, and it is a challenge for ED administrators and nurses who need to organize the effective process of the patient data exchange between departments. When the ED does not use the standardized procedure of filling in and sharing nursing reports, the risk of handoff mistakes increases significantly (Peterson, Gurses, & Regan, 2014). Risks are also associated with patient walkouts because of the long wait times (Love, Murphy, Lietz, & Jordan, 2012). The problem of the significant patient length of stay in ED is also observed in Lincoln Medical & Mental Health Center, and it can be addressed with the help of applying the appropriate handoff protocols to make the process of exchanging the data standardized and efficient, using phone call handoffs, assigning a provider in triage, and implementing a super track procedure. The purpose of this paper is to describe the problem of prolonged patient stays in the ED of Lincoln Medical & Mental Health Center, identify groups of stakeholders, discuss the project conceptualization, concentrate on the nurse’s and leader’s roles and responsibilities, analyze outcomes, and explain the project’s significance. Foundational Work Issue and Context The issue of crowding in EDs is discussed as typical of healthcare facilities providing the emergency services. The capacity of the nurse staff and practitioners is usually lower than it is necessary to address the problem (Hsia, Asch, Weiss, Zingmond, & Gabayan, 2013). As a result, the time of patients’ stay in ED increases significantly, leading to delays in diagnosing and transferring, the patients’ dissatisfaction, problems associated with the patient safety, and even decreases in the quality of provided services (Meisel, Shea, Peacock, Dickinson, & Paciotti, 2015). Delays are observed due to an inappropriate reference to the phone call hand off procedure, problems in assigning IP beds, and issues associated with transportation (Pearce & McCarry, 2014). In order to improve the process of working with patients in ED, administrators implement protocols that are directed to make the procedure easier
The Most Delicate and the Strongest Ties Between Work and Identity Things are changing incredibly fast in the present-day world. What used to be the common knowledge several years before is now becoming outdated, and new theories rule the world. In the course of cultural fusions that have swept the world due to the globalization process, old-time stereotypes are being rapidly replaced by new ones, and the most intriguing one of these stereotypes is the idea of “footloose jobs.” On the one hand, the idea of making certain professions accessible not only for the representatives of a certain nationality, gender, beliefs or any other feature, seems quite legitimate. Making the professions available for the people of other social layer can affect the people formerly employed in the given position, which can resolve in a considerable conflict. It is really hard to pin down the exact problem in the given case. Indeed, the idea of globalization which is currently going on does presuppose that a great chunk of stereotypes, whether they concern the gender, or the nationality issues, are going to vanish without a trace. As far as the national issues go, however, the idea of setting the commonly known fixed jobs footloose is worth a serious reconsideration, for it can spawn not only serious objections from the representatives ethnicity in question and cause massive influx of the unemployment rates among the latter, but also undermine the customers’ trust towards the services, since, related to a certain nationality, some services can be considered unprofessional when done by other ethnicities. The Quick Guide to the Work Stereotype and How to Fight It: This Is My Kind of Job It goes without saying that national stereotypes in work can easily create the most unfavorable environment for the person whom the issue concerns at best; at worst, national stereotype in the workplace can easily ruin one’s career. The given rule, however, can be applied to those taking places instead of the traditional employees. For instance, in case the person who offers certain services does not correspond to the traditional image which people have formed about the representative of the given services, the former will simply not be trusted and probably lose the clientele. The given problem not only runs nationwide, but also touches upon the integrity of certain professions. It seems that the boundary between different professions has also been somewhat blurred. For instance, according to what Ham, Clark, Spurgeon, Dickinson and Armit discovered, “While some continued to see themselves as first and foremost doctors who were also chief executives, others described themselves as ‘a general manager first and a doctor second’” (Ham, Clark, Spurgeon, Dickinson and Armit). Despite the fact that the given phenomenon does have positive effects: “some interviewees felt their identity had been enhanced because they were able to bridge the worlds of management and med
Revenue Cycle Management (RCM) refers to the financial process used by facilities for managing clinical and administrative procedures related to revenue generation, payment, and claims processing. It is essential for healthcare organizations to develop and implement efficient policies supporting the financial stability of the company (Jewell, 2020). As a rule, healthcare RCM comprises front-end and back-end components, with each including its own departments, policies, and staff. While the former involves patient-facing processes, such as registration, scheduling, authorization, eligibility checks, and upfront patient collections, the latter deals with claims management, compensation, and medical billing (Jewell, 2020). Due to the increasingly rigorous regulations for payers, the back-end process of Revenue Cycle Management is vital since it can offer solutions for insurance providers aiming to eliminate penalties. The starting point of Revenue Cycle Management is the moment when a patient arranges an appointment, and the pre-registration process occurs, including creating a patient account with insurance coverages and medical histories. In the next stage, collecting accurate data through patient registration and scheduling is critical. The back-end revenue cycle begins once providers complete coding responsibilities and clinical documentation processes (Jewell, 2020). This process implies that claims must be created and submitted for reimbursement to the payer. Further steps include the medical billing procedure and the collection of patient financial responsibility. RCM staff engages in a variety of processes as part of the back-end operations, which emphasizes the importance of these procedures and their efficiency to the entire cycle management within an organization. As can be seen, it is essential to discuss the aspects of the backside revenue cycle in healthcare and explore its role in organizations. According to Research and Markets (2020), the glob
Introduction to the problem Soren Chemical is the company that produces Coracle, targeting the residential pools segment. Jen Moritz is the marketing manager in the Water Treatment Products department. She is responsible for the sales target set for Coracle. Jen Moritz major problem is to increase the sales to exceed the target. In order to solve the problem, she will need to solve the problem of distributors and lower the product’s price. She needs to improve on user-awareness, by using a more effective channel of marketing. Estimation of the market potential and Coracle’s market share  1. Retail market size = (average annual cost of Clarifiers) x (number of residential pools) x (percentage of pool owners who understand and use Clarifiers)     Retail market size = $50 x 9,000,000 x 25% = $112,500,000  2. Manufacturer market size = (retail market size) x (manufacturer prices as a percentage of retail prices)     Manufacturer market size = $112,500,000 x ((14.88/25) x100%)     = $112,500,000 x 0.5952 = $66,960,000  3. Coracle’s share of the manufacturer market = ($1.5 million projected revenues) / (manufacturer market size)     Coracle’s share of the manufacturer market = $1,500,000 / $66,960,000 = 0.02240143     0.02240143 is approximately 2.24% Current problems and potential growth of revenues The first-year revenue goal for Coracle is $1.5 million. It is reasonable because it is a small percentage of the manufacturers’ market. Coracle’s share of the market is 2.24%. The brand has put a lower target compared with the market potential. At $112.5 million, the retail market size for residential flocculants indicates that there is a very high potential for the growth of revenues. If the firm manages to build Coracle as a successful brand, it has a high potential to increase its revenues. Coracle presents 3.7 times the potential for revenues provided by Kailan MW ($112.5 million divi
Working out Activities Modeled on Reading-to-Learn Program: Description of Learners I am a teacher at the College of Technology. I have been training students for careers in commercial and technical fields for 10 years. Due to the fact that the English language prevails in the sphere of international business and technology, it is important for students to have a sufficient command of language. Therefore, students should take additional courses in the English language where the main focus should be made on computing technologies. It is reasonable to evaluate students’ language proficiency with regard to the problems students often face at the college of technology. The age of students ranges from 19-23 years and the number of students in the class is about 30-35. This age category of ESL learners has week note-taking skills, week test preparation skills, insufficient language study skills, and improper exam-taking skills. In addition, nearly 25 % of students have difficulties with using a dictionary. Judging from the above, the majority of my students are at the rudimentary stage. The problem is that most of the English textbooks are of lower-intermediate and upper intermediate level and the newcomers can hardly reach the elementary level. Judging from the exam results and my classroom observations, I have concluded that the problem is the most explicit when it comes to reading and literacy. The situation is even more serious since it is first necessary to conceive cultural and social peculiarities because most students have English as their second language (Martin and Rose, 2007:2). Additionally, the cultural environment considerably influences the students who have to deal with various texts (Freeboy and Luke, 1990:9). Regarding students’ grammar, most freshman students cannot construct a simple English sentence, except for standard expressions and phrases. The English language tenses and aspects provide students with serious problems. In particular, they often confuse Present Perfect, which is possibly predetermined by grammatical differences between English and Arabic, a students’ mother tongue. In general, students lack knowledge of grammatical structures, vocabulary, and functional words of English. In order to level up students’ skills and abilities, it is advisable to implement the stages of the Reading-to-Learn program, specifically, it’s three stages that are more focused on reading and comprehension. Each stage is carried out with the help of a scaffolding learning cycle (prepare-task-elaborate) that enhances the final results. Choosing a Text for Reading Activities Due to the specifics of courses taken by ESL students, particularly courses on computing technology, it is reasonable to choose a text on a relevant topic. For this reading activity, I have chos
Introduction Over time, philosophers have been grappling with the idea of unraveling the mystery behind the existence of the physical world and, if indeed, human beings have a body. The views of philosophers are various and include a great number of assumptions as well as prejudices. Either of those is practically evidenced due to the theoretical nature of the current dispute. One of those who argue that the world and, indeed, he himself does not physically exist is Descartes. This great thinker had conducted a research on the issue and stood on the idea of physical inexistence due to the fact that is clearly detailed in his Meditations , in which he sought to establish that scientific knowledge subsists in the mind rather than senses, and that religion and science are compatible (Descartes, p. 79). The Certainty by Moore suggests a contrary view that is debatable as well as all other philosophical ideas and hypotheses. The problem of the external world Doubts and certainty . The universality of doubt is one of the most applicable evidences suggested by Descartes. He posits that human comprehension of the world is based on sense perception and other doubtful methods of acquiring information on the external world. Descartes claims that all facts are doubtful due to impossibility to prove those and the knowledge about the world can be false in terms of its primary doubtfulness. Moore suggests the idea that the certainty is the most applicable issue in this dispute because no one can provide people with efficient evidence on genuine nature of things in the world and knowledge on world events lack certainty (Moore, p. 29). The power of dreaming . The idea of a deceiving God and the malevolent demon arguments are used by Descartes to support the position of certainty in the world cognition. The philosopher argues that he usually had perceptions which were similar to the sensations he had while dreaming. He further argues that there is no clear distinction between what is experienced in dreams and wakefulness. He therefore asserts that what was experienced in dreaming is similar to the wakeful experiences. He interestingly concludes that there is the possibility of one being in a dream now, and if that is the case, then all his perceptions could be false (Descartes, pp. 79-80). Responding to Descartes’ argument, Moore opines that if one does not know that he is dreaming, he cannot know that he is standing, even if he is and thinks that he is. He however holds a view contrary to this, that if he knows that he is standing, then he could also be sure that he is not dreaming. In this respect, each of the arguments is true regardless of the approach while considering those unless Descartes gives more convincing reasons for his argument (Moore, p. 29). According to Moore’s suggestion, it is possible for one to dream that he is standing while he actually is, because it is possible for one to fall deeply asleep while standing, and dream in this position. A cheating God . Descartes secondly comes up with the argument of a cheating God. He holds the view that all humans believe in a God who is all powerful and under whose influence all beings were creat
Michael Green’s video is about the Social Progress Index; a new measurement that proposes to replace GDP in measuring the progress of nations and societies. According to Green, the GDP is flawed and cannot be used to address the challenges of the 21st century since it was developed to address the economic challenges of the 20 th century. Nevertheless, GDP has been an effective tool for measuring the economic performance of nations so far. Unfortunately, it does not measure the real success of nations because it has no parameters for measuring justice and fairness, environmental status, and the general happiness of the people. A nation may be performing well economically but its citizens live in anger, fear, and conflict and its environment seriously degraded. Such a nation cannot be said to be successful. However, by relying solely on GDP, such nations may be seen to be performing well. Today, the world boasts of new advanced technology that can be used to collect data for measuring the real success of nations but lacks a reliable framework for doing so. Green proposes that the Social Progressive Index can be a valuable tool in solving this problem. The framework takes into account three dimensions in measuring the success of nations. The first dimension is basic human needs which include shelter, personal safety, water and sanitation, nutrition and basic medical care. The second dimension is that of foundation of wellbeing which includes education, access to information and communications, health and wellness, and ecosystem sustainability. The third dimension is that of opportunity which includes personal rights, personal freedom and choice, tolerance and inclusion, and access to higher education. A careful scrutiny of Green’s dimensions shows that the framework is concerned with the creation of an enabling environment for people to succeed, the provision of relevant training to equip the people so that they can take advantage of the created opportunities, and the provision of basic needs. If used appropriately, the 12 components of the Social Progress Index can be effective tools for measuring a nation’s success in an inclusive and sustainable way. What really defines the success of a nation? In my opinion, the success of a nation relies on the success of its citizens. A country can only be said to