ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Maryland Bill SB511 Engross aims to create the Task Force related to the oral health of Maryland residents. The Task Force will explore the possibility of improving access to dental services for all people of the state, first of all, identifying areas where a substantial number of inhabitants do not receive it (“Maryland Senate Bill 511”, 2020). In particular, the most focus will be on the population affected by disability, poverty, or aging (“Maryland Senate Bill 511”, 2020). At the same time, a distinction will be made between adult and child communities (“Maryland Senate Bill 511”, 2020). The research group will concentrate on analyzing the current barriers to accessing these services and assessing options for addressing them (“Maryland Senate Bill 511”, 2020). Finally, the Task Force will provide effective guidance on various methods of expanding access to dental attendance. The bill was first to read in January 2020, while the second hearing is scheduled for February 2021. No later than December 2021, the Task Force must submit its final recommendations and findings report to the Governor of Maryland, the House Health, the Senate Health, Education, Environmental Affairs Committee, and the Government Operations Committee (“Maryland Senate Bill 511”, 2020). It will be in effect for two years, while at the end of June 2022, without any action required by the General Assembly, it will be canceled. This piece of legislation will have a significant impact on ensuring more comprehensive access to oral health care services for the state population, the work of health care providers, and organizations. Social, Political, and Economic Impact on Health Care Organizations, Providers, and Consumers The lack of access for poor Americans to dental care is a long-standing problem, despite widespread recognition of its significant impact on overall health. In particular, according to the Healthy People 2020 report, a sound oral cavity is an important part of overall human health, while universal access to dental services is paramount to maintaining it (Bersell, 2017). Government funding policy for dental reimbursement is frequently limited in volume or absent for the adult population. For insta
Strategy Analysis Introduction Mergers and acquisitions can be viewed as the methods that enable companies to develop new capabilities and eventually strengthen their competitive position (Christensen, 2011). This paper is aimed at discussing the purchase of such a company as WhatsApp by Facebook; this deal was announced in 2014 (Kelly, 2014). In this case, the re-invention of the business model is expected to be achieved through the acquisition of the disruptive technology that changes the way in which people use text messages. In this way, Facebook will be able to expand the range of services that it provides to customers. Furthermore, the organization can become more attractive to advertisers. Nevertheless, the senior management should avoid some of the main problems that often accompany various mergers and acquisitions. These are the main issues that should be discussed in greater detail. The nature of disruptive technology developed by WhatsApp Much attention should be paid to the product developed by WhatsApp. This organization created the smartphone software which enables users to send messages via Internet. In other words, they are able to avoid the traditional fees which are paid to mobile operators. The users are only required to pay the annual subscription fee which equals 1 $. Therefore, this company offers more affordable services to clients. Apart from that, the interface of this software is much more convenient than a traditional email. This is one of the
What Is A Magical Realism? Magical realism is a style of literature that was used in the 1920s to refer to the school of painters, which was an extraordinary thing that people in their day-to-day life experienced. It is a myth, fantasy, reality, and magic all combined. The term magical realism is often confused with expressionism and surrealism. Expressionism is an art’s style meant to show or reveal some human feelings, for example, expressing sadness, poverty, happiness, and depression (García 45). In 1903, Picasso came up with the work, The Blind’s Man Meal, which showed the meaning of expressionism and magical realism. He expressed how poor the blind man is. Surrealism is an art and literature movement; contrary to the dream where one shows the at he or she thinks by presenting images. Magical realism, therefore, is expressionism where an individual expresses his or her feelings freely. In magical realism, for example, the feeling one expresses in dancing is happiness while in certain music the feeling expressed is sorrowfulness (Eugenia 16-20). Development of Magical Realism Several people who are authors in the world have created the term magical realism, which has received global acceptance. For many years, the term has been used in America, Africa, Australia, and Europe. The term was seen as regional literature limited to the Latin American writers but it has been widened to be seen as a worldwide phenomenon. Also, it is the latest development of the latest centuries and is seen as a modern fiction internationally (Eugenia 16-20). The concept of loreal Maravillas was introduced in 1949 to the Americans where the foundations of magical realism were traced from the art world. In this essay, the concept was criticized analytically based on its theoretical movement, cultures and text citations from Latin America, Australia, Africa and Asia (Franz 2). In this essay, the development of magical realism focuses on Latin America, which is traced back from the discovery of America. Most of the authors of this subject are Latin Americans. Tzvetan Todorov wrote about Columbus in 1492 arguing that America is a miraculous world with a lot of magic. The different narratives he had seen while traveling had influenced Columbus, and due to this, he had imaginary views of America. He said that he saw men and women with animal heads and were masculine respectively (Eugenia 22). The German Franz Roh was the first man to use the term magical realism in an official way in 1925. He applied magical realism to the paintings he was studying. In addition, during the time, there arose many artists in Germany such as Otto Dix. Roh gave di
Abstract This research paper assesses how wind belt-cantenna technology can be used in boosting the Wi-Fi network in rural areas. The paper evaluates the fundamental aspects that should be taken into account in the implementation process. First, the paper cites rural areas as one of the locations in which the Wi-Fi network can be enhanced using wind belt-cantenna technology. Secondly, the paper assesses the various stakeholders to be considered in the implementation process. The core stakeholders considered include schools, hospitals, community system-maintenance staff members, local telecommunications companies, local/national governments, and community representatives. Furthermore, the paper defines the basic concepts regarding technology. The methodology to be used in conducting the study is also outlined. Finally, recommendations on some of the issues to be considered in the implementation process are suggested. Introduction The telecommunication sector is undergoing transformation due to the increased adoption of technology across different countries. The liberalization of the telecommunications sector is one of the factors that have stimulated the adoption of technology (Fink, Mattoo & Rathindran, 2002). One of the telecommunication technologies, which are commonly applied, is Wi-Fi technology (Cruz-Cunha & Varajao, 2011). The increased adoption of information communication technologies has arisen from the need to alleviate barriers hindering socio-economic development in developing countries. Internet technology constitutes one of the fundamental components in accessing and sharing information, hence promoting a country’s economic growth. Problem Statement Most Wi-Fi networks in the US have been deployed in the metro areas and the major cities. This aspect arises from the view that the application of such technologies has been associated with a high degree of complexity. Brown, Hossain, and Nguyen (2009) posit that the distribution of telecommunication infrastructure has “been associated with big investment programs by large entities such as telecommunication operators and government agencies…these entities are able to amass sizeable capital and attain the necessary economies of scale involved in laying down copper wires and providing expensive switching capacity to the network” (p. 119). Subsequently, some of the rural areas have been left out, which presents a significant gap in the country’s quest to achieve sustainable economic growth. The US economic growth is largely dependent on the extent to which the government implements equitable distribution of economic growth across the country. Galperin (2005) links better health, government services, increased productivity, and education to optimal deployment and adoption of Internet technology. However, the adoption of Internet technologies on a large
Introduction The modern day United State of America was founded by immigrants who came from all over Europe and settled on this sparsely populated land in North America. The pioneers first settled on the East and they set out to conquer and establish settlements in the west of the country. To the early settlers on the East, the west was a savage land that needed to be conquered. An invisible yet powerful frontier line existed between the civilized East and the savage West. The American frontier myth essentially explains how the brave American pioneers built the nation by conquering the Native tribes that lived in the West and making the once savage land hospitable and prosperous. One image that is closely linked to frontier history is that of the American cowboy. Whenever people think of the Wild West, they conjure up images of a cowboy riding in to save the day. In the minds of many Americans, the cowboy embodies the virtues of the pioneers and their conquest of the wilderness. This paper will set out to discuss the close relationship between the American frontier myth and the cowboy. It will show that the close relationship springs from the supposed role that the cowboys played in implementing the westward expansion. The American Frontier Myth By definition, a myth is a story with some historical basis that is used to explain a certain event or explain the origins of a nation. The American frontier myth is the story that explains how the pioneers conquered the land and created the United States of America. It highlights the values that the American people hold and explains how these values played a part in the formation of the nation. When the early immigrants came to America, they did not find an empty land. Instead, they found a land that was occupied by various native tribes. Creating a new nation, therefore entailed conquering the land. This conquest was undertaken from the East to the West. For the pioneers, the American Frontier represented the divide between European Civi
The origins of Art Deco as the decorative arts and architecture movement go back to the 1920s. The stylistic term, apparently, is associated with the French “Exposition Internationale des Arts Decoratifs et Industriels Modernes” held in 1925 (Marter 139). The movement develops in the 1930s and goes beyond the borders of Europe, finding its home in the American modernist design. Art Deco with its variety of stylistic nuances from stripped Classicism to Cubism and skyscraper style contributed a lot to the art of the United States of the first half of the 20th century. The style originated on as the fusion of French hand-made bright-colored luxurious products and industrially manufactured goods of audacious geometric shapes (Marter 140). At the time, it created a sensational combination of traditional decorative arts and bold functionality of the industrialized design. The exhibits of the first Exposition in 1925 varied in their styles, purpose and method of production from exquisite glassworks to the weirdly shaped pieces of furniture. The motives similar to French Art Deco can be recognized in design and architecture in other European countries. Some of the European artists interested in the Art Deco emigrated due to the political reasons to the United States in the 1920-1930s, contributing to the development of the new tendency in the American architecture, decoration, and design. Apart from the foreign design influences, the American art tendencies were affected by the social and economic situation in the country, and the Great Depression. It made designers split into two movements: some were struggling to the preserve the charm of Classicism in design and architecture while others were looking for modern industrialized shapes, structures and patterns. As Striner and Blair point out, streamlining and modernized classicism were so distinctive, artistic movements that they were regarded even by “people who study cohesive tendencies in architecture as the separate “styles” (5). However, such a distinctive fusion represented the b
Of all well-trodden subjects in the world history, the one concerning crime and punishment seems to be the most clichéd and abused in all sorts of movies, starting from Saturday morning cartoons up to third-are B movies. It seems that there is no other way to make the movie about criminals or having a subplot about the latter without making the film as corny as it can get. However, Paul Haggis’ Crush, which was released in 2004, managed to introduce another facet of the issue which had slipped the attention of the rest of movie-makers before. With the key idea concerning the clash of a personality and the society, Haggis managed to reinvent people’s perception of a criminal drama, introducing such issues as racism in the present-day society, the way in which law is executed in the modern world and the way in which law relates to justice, as well as touch upon a painfully topical issue concerning the racial bias in the present-day society. Very conveniently starting with a theme statement, the movie offers quite a lot of food for thoughts with the very first line spoken by the omnipotent narrator: In any real city, you walk, you brush past people, and people bump into you. In L.A, nobody touches you. We’re always behind this metal and glass. I think w
Oil is an incredibly important resource that can be credited for the growth of the United States economy. This impact of oil on the economy resulted in a struggle between the production of economical fuel and environmental conservation questions. In 1968, oil was discovered at Prudhoe Bay by Atlantic Richfield Company (ARCO). The problem that came with the discovery was that the oil fields were 250 miles north of the Arctic Circle. This situation created a need for an efficient system from North Alaska to the lower 48 states refineries for the transport of crude oil. After considering various methods of transport such as icebreaking tank vessels, extending the Alaskan railroads, and/or establishing giant tanker airplanes, the oil companies determined that a hot-oil pipeline would be both efficient and economical. The pipeline would run from the North Slope to the Port of Valdez. The oil would then be shipped to the US coast through tank vessels. The ensuing discussion examines the Trans Alaska Pipeline. Location The pipeline transports crude oil from the fields in Prudhoe Bay south to the Port of Valdez. The distance is 800 miles long. It traverses earthquake and permafrost regions. The pipeline passes through about 30 major rivers and several streams, as well as the Alaska, Brooks, and Chugach ranges. The Valdez Marine Terminal, which covers 1,000 acres of land is the northernmost ice-free zone. It was the most convenient to end the pipeline. The whole project has over 124,000 heat pipes. They operate in a way that the heat they release goes into the air. In this way, the soil remains cool. In case the heat is released into the soil, it leads to the melting of permafrost, thus destabilizing the pipeline. The average temperature along the pipeline ranges from -80F to 95F (Alaska Public Information Centers, 2015). Map showing TAPS The Trans Alaskan pipeline (TAPS) is protected by three separate systems of leak detection. The systems are monitored in Anchorage where the Operations Control Centre (OCC) is located. The OCC is the point where the pipeline is monitored and operated all hours of the day. Of the 800 miles of pipeline length, a 420-mile distance is elevated from the ground using 78,000 vertical support members. This elevation is done in permafrost-infested areas to prevent the heat pipes from melting it to the level of causing instability to the pipeline. At Atigun Pass, it is elevated up to 4,739 feet, which is the highest point of its elevation. The other 320-mile-long pipeline is buried. The project has 11 pump stations that accelerate the speed of flow of the hot crude oil to about 4 miles per hour. The pipes have a diameter of 48 inches. This figure translates into 1.2 meters. An elevated section of Trans Alaska pipeline Culture and Society The first Alaskan inhabitants dating back about 20,000 years came from Siberia through the Bering Land Bridge. The culture of the natives has since been influenced by both the Klondike gold rush and Russian Orthodox churches. In 1924, citizenship was passed to Alaskan natives and N
Abstract There are two opposing views on disasters. Some believe that disasters are dysfunctional and unveil the most egoistic features of human beings such as greed, cynicism, and self-centeredness. Whereas, others argue that a disaster is rather an opportunity for an individual and the overall society to develop and grow. This paper includes a brief analysis of the 9/11 disaster as regards the two paradigms mentioned above. It is clear that the terroristic attack in New York and especially its aftermaths have had a complex impact on American society. It cost thousands of deaths and a billion destruction. The beneficial effect consisted of the nation’s empowerment and integrity. Main Body Disasters have been a part of human existence. People had to endure various natural disasters as well as man-made accidents that had a considerable negative impact. It is necessary to note that people’s behavior during and after disasters have acquired quite a significant attention, and many theories and frameworks have been developed (Furedi, 2007). There are two major approaches to this issue as some researchers argue that disasters have a dysfunctional impact on individuals as well as communities while others stress that disasters open up new horizons for the individual, community, and society. It is possible to consider such a significant disaster as 9/11 to understand that such accidents are horrible and costly in all respects, but they have a positive impact on the development of society. In the first place, it is necessary to identify the features of the disaster to differentiate an accident from a really meaningful and life-changing event. Furedi (2007) notes that the way people perceived disasters in the first half of the 20 th century and in the 21 st century is rather different. At present, people are more deliberate and identify many accidents as disasters. The attitude towards these events has also changed since the 20 th century. People are more concerned with the decisions they make be it an environmental issue or a man-made disaster. Thus, every natural disaster or a man-made accident causing destruction and deaths is analyzed in detail, and people are trying to develop strategies to avoid similar situations in the future. Sometimes the way people think changes dramatically. The 9/11 disaster is an illustration of such accidents as Americans, as well as many western people, see their life as pre- and post-9/11. This was a life-changing event that facilitated the shift in people’s attitudes towards security, terrorism, ‘nations’. That was an unprecedented terroristic attack that cost almost 3,000 lives. It caused billions of dollars’ losses in property. Solnit (2010) states that for many people the disaster lasted for several weeks or even months while for many it still resonates to their souls as they lost a close one. It is necessary to note that many researchers focus on such things as panic, vulnerability, indecisiveness and so on. They claim that people remain selfish or even become more ego
Viruses are the smallest infectious agents that have a molecular (non-cellular) organization, possess a single type of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA), and are obligate (strict) intracellular parasites. In response to cellular defense, the evolution of viruses develops anti-protective agents, and an arms race is going on between the virus and the cell. These drugs are primarily directed against the general metabolic processes underlying the protective reactions of the cell. This again inhibits the synthesis of cellular RNA and proteins, disrupts the intracellular infrastructure and cell transport, suppresses or, conversely, triggers apoptosis and other mechanisms that cause programmed cell death. Thus, the anti-protective strategy of the virus is in many ways similar to the protective behavior of the cell. PCR is a highly accurate diagnostic method and one of the most important discoveries in biology in recent decades. PCR analysis has been used for almost 40 years and is considered the most accurate and sensitive way to diagnose infectious diseases. PCR is a unique and universal method; the test is used in clinical laboratory diagnostics and biology, criminology, archaeology, and many other scientific fields (Smith et al., 2021). All needed for the analysis is a small amount of any patient’s biomaterial. The method is based on detecting even small concentrations of the desired diagnostic element. To determine the initially extremely small concentrations of RNA or DNA that need to be determined during the main stage of the study, the method of artificially increasing the amount of RNA or DNA is used. And since they are specific and strictly individual for each microorganism or living being due to the uniqueness of the sequence of nucleotides in fragments, an error in determining the target DNA or RNA is excluded (Floriano et al., 2020). For each organism, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi, the sequence of nucleotides is unique. It can be compared to a fingerprint or a scan of a person’s retina. Shortened sequences of nucleotides characteristic of each type of pathogen (pathogen of dangerous diseases) are stored in the databases of scientific laboratories in the form of primers – separate DNA sections typical of only a specific pathogen. These sections are much shorter than any DNA molecule. Such primers attach to the DNA of the pathogen in the sample and, under the action of catalysts, repeatedly reproduce their duplicates (Smith et al., 2021). This process is called “replication” – multiple magnifications, duplication of the desired area until it becomes available for definition. The replication process is possible only if the pathogen DNA is present in the sample. The main advantage of this method is its high sensitivity and the ability to detect the pathogen itself both qualitatively and quantitatively. Determining the number of microorganisms is a good help for the attending physician, as it allows