ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Five major trends have influenced world trade and global marketing. First of all, it is a massive fall in national economic protectionism that has brought a decline in tariffs and quotas and thus opened numerous opportunities for world trade and global marketing. Secondly, it is economic integration and free trade agreements formed by the foundation of the European Union, the North American Free Trade Agreement, and the Eurasian Economic Community (Altenberg, 2018). Thirdly, it is the emergence of international companies, which created a shared marketplace and a global consumer. Fourthly, advancements in technologies in the 20th century have played a significant role in developing world trade and global marketing. It includes innovations in fuel and power, transportation, the use of new sources and materials, communication, space, and other technologies. Last but not least, the emergence of the Internet has radically shaped the way people exchange goods, services, and information in the world, which has significantly impacted world trade and global marketing. In my personal view, without world economic integrations and free trade agreements, it would be impossible to imagine a modern world trade and global marketing. The development of unions was a long process that began in the 20th century in Europe from the Benelux Economic Union. Later, the European Coal and Steel Community was created, which was a platform for the future European Union and the European Free Trade Association. Further, other regional and global unions were formed, including Economic integrations in Latin America, ASEAN, the North American Free Trade Agreement, and WTO. These organizations have influenced all the trends mentioned above: they further declined the economic protectionism of sovereign countries, played a significant role in global trade development, and thus in the emergence of global companies, and all these factors together have led to the further advancement in technologies and the future invention of the Internet. Reference Altenberg, P. (2018). Economic integration works: The trade effects of regional trade agreements. National Board of Trade Sweden, first edition, 1-37.
If talking about poets who were consistent in their work and at the same time so changeable with their themes, there is no better example than Adrienne Rich. Although, many poets are concerned with transformation (“Biography of Adrienne Rich”), in the case of Adrienne Rich, one of the brightest and influential poetesses of the second half of the twentieth century, this transformation included many elements in her poems as well as in her personal life. Adrienne Rich, born in May 1929, is an American poet and the prize-winner of “Bollingen Prize, the Lannan Lifetime Achievement Award, the Academy of American Poets Fellowship, the Ruth Lilly Poetry Prize, the Lenore Marshall Poetry Prize, the National Book Award, and a MacArthur Fellowship” (“Adrienne Rich”) In her article “When We Dead Awaken: Writing as Re-Vision”, Rich stated that she was “taught that poetry should be “universal,” which meant, of course, non-female.” (Rich “When We Dead Awaken: Writing as Re-Vision” 24) In that sense, Rich had tried not to identify herself as a female poet in her works until the late 1950s. This paper contrasts her work in terms of that statement, analyzing elements of difference between her early and latter works. The term universality or androgyny could be used to describe that poetry should be stripped of any emotional experiences peculiar to a specific gender. The poet should be writing on generalities, rather than on his own feelings as a man or a woman. In that sense, for Rich, who declared herself as a lesbian in 1976, the issue of gender and women’s position was of specific importance. Looking at several poems from the 1950s, many outlines regarding the similarity could be made. In “Living in Sin” (1955), Rich implemented the usage of a fragmented picture to show the image of a depressing life. The image that could be taken is the r
Gwen Harwood was a famous Australian poet, known for many thought-provoking literary pieces. She wrote on a great variety of subjects and published over 420 works. The language used in many of her poems lacks a clear rhyme and at times is borderline prose, and yet still it manages to pluck at the strings located in a reader’s heart, painting vivid and poignant pictures in their mind to communicate the message. One of the prominent subjects in her art is one of motherhood and maternity. The image of a mother remained somewhat static throughout the history of humankind. From author to author, from poem to poem, we see the same image – it is either a picture of tranquil happiness of successful motherhood or a self-sacrificial portrait of a woman who would gladly and willingly do anything for her children. The motives of happiness and self-sacrifice are often idealized and disconnected from reality (Strauss 1). Gwen Harwood’s poems paint a different picture of motherhood, which revolves around hardship, misery and unwilling sacrifice in order to conform to the societal norms. The readers could clearly see this in her poem called In the park. The poem is centred on a woman in the park conversing with her past lover about their children. Although at first, their conversation may seem heartwarming, it becomes obvious that the man does not really care about the children. He is happy alone, not shouldering the responsibility of raising so many. The ex-lover’s conversation with the woman is based simply on familiarity and false sympathies. The mother does not seem to brim with love towards them either, as is indicated in the last verse, where she says to no one in particular that “the children have eaten her alive” (Harwood 23). She is not happy with running the family on her back, alone, and his longing for the life she used to have before this life-long commitment. This idea runs through many of the author’s poems. In a way, it adheres to the self-sacrificial motive of motherhood; however, it rarely shows it as something willing. The mothers she describes are rarely happy with their lives since they have to sacrifice their own personal lives in order to raise children. Her portrayal of mothers as sad and resentful victims of many circumstances is so unusual and thought-provoking because it antagonizes the traditional image of motherhood (McNeil 2). Another subject frequently visited by Gwen Harwood in her writings is the subject of race and genocide. This is a painful and disgraceful page in the history of Australia, which mostly revolves around the treatment of the native populace at the hands of the colonists, who forced their culture on them and used their technological and military superiority to force them out of their homes. The tragedy of people’s culture, language, and heritage erased and turned history is addressed in her morbid poem called The Oyster Cove . It is dedicated to the aboriginal dispossession of Tasmania. It mentions the Oyster Bay, or Paredarerme, which was considered the largest Tasmanian nation. This poem is written in a very unusual way. The language used is almost prosaic. The rhyme is no
Introduction Behavioral health has become an important field that addresses the emotional and mental health needs of many people. The field targets patients struggling with a personality disorder, depression, substance abuse, and mental illness (Clifton & Thorley, 2014). The recruitment and retention of health professionals in behavioral health have remained a major challenge for many years. Recruitment Challenges Behavioral health organizations rely on the efforts of different professionals in order to meet the needs of their patients. Unfortunately, the recruitment process for behavioral health professionals has been characterized by numerous challenges. The first challenge arises from the misunderstanding of mental health and psychological practices. The misconception discourages more professionals from joining the field (Davis, 2005). The workloads associated with the profession dishearten behavioral health workers from applying for every available job. The absence of work-life balance makes it hard for more people to join the profession. High staff turnover in the behavioral health field remains a major challenge facing human resource departments. The turnover is caused by the working environment, lack of motivation, and ineffective training procedures (Davis, 2005). The professionals eventually decide to focus on other career paths. The structural issues and paperwork needed during recruitment affect the hiring process. The profession has been characterized by low salaries and remunerations (Clifton & Thorley, 2014). These inadequate packages have continued to deter more people from joining the profession. The other problem is that the field does not attract many qualified job seekers or applications. The majority of the applicants lack the expected skills or qualifications. Competition has, therefore, remained extremely high for individuals who meet the minimum requirements (Davis, 2005). With these challenges in place, the behavioral health sector has continued to face the problem of staff shortage. Experts believe strongly that the shortage will impact the health outcomes of many people in need of behavioral services or support negatively. Challenges in the Recruitment and Retention of Management Leadership in healthcare is a practice that dictates the quality of services available
Globalisation makes people pay more attention to diverse cultures and to the particular features of the inter-cultural communication. Discussing the main aspects of the inter-cultural communication, Carol Myers-Scotton focuses on the role of globalisation in the process, on differences between collectivistic and individualistic cultures which influence the particular features of the representatives’ communication, and on high-context and low-context societies. According to Myers-Scotton, to avoid the difficulties associated with the inter-cultural communication, it is necessary to pay attention to the specifics of different cultures because these details affect the people’s interactions within societies significantly. Changes in transportation and communication technologies along with changes in immigration patterns caused by the globalisation process are the triggers to stimulate the inter-cultural communication. Inter-cultural or cross-cultural communication is the communication in a language that is not native for both the speakers (Myers-Scotton 176). Culture is also an important factor to influence this type of communication as well as the aspect of language because culture reflects the collective knowledge and values of the definite group of people. However, these values are represented through the personal vision. Various knowledge and different values can become the first barriers to communicate successfully. Each culture is characterised by the definite set of rules, norms, and traditions which should be referred to during communication. The most general classification of cultures is the division into collectivistic cultures and individualistic cultures. The Western cultures are traditionally individualistic ones when the Eastern cultures are collectivistic in their nature (Myers-Scotton 179). It is typical for individualistic cultures to use the low-context messages in order to represent the certain idea directly. They can talk much about different aspects, their requests are often direct and open, and equality in communication is appreciated. On the contrary, the Eastern cultures which are often collectivistic ones are characterised by the lack of talk. It is important to note that silence is appreciated, hierarchy is the most important factor to determine the features of communication, the requests are indirect, and messages are presented as high-context ones. If representatives of individualistic cultures are inclined to distinct between personal and business relationships, the members of collectivistic cultures build their relations and develop communication equally in spite of the purpose of interactions which can be personal or business. The explanation to this fact is based on the developed idea of hierarchy and respect followed i
A childhood ear infection A childhood ear infection is caused by celiac disease, a chronic small intestine enteropathy resulting from exposure to the protein gluten, primarily a component of rye, barley, and wheat. As a result, ear infections are caused by both environmental and genetic factors since they cause celiac disease. A childhood ear infection is mainly caused by early-life antibiotics, age at gluten introduction, and breastfeeding duration (Bittker & Bell, 2019). In addition, ear infections begin when the child has a cold, sore throat, and diverse upper respiratory infections resulting from bacterial or viral infections that spread to the middle ear. An ear infection is scientifically known as otitis media and is more prevalent among children than adults. Out of six children, five have the potential of demonstrating at least one ear infection by the age of three years (NIH, n.d.). Symptoms of childhood ear infections include pain in the ear from the swollen middle ear, sleeping troubles, fever, fluid drains from the ear, balance problems, and hearing troubles. Ear infections are not contagious; however, they are caused by bacteria or viruses that develop in the middle ear, which can be transmitted from person to person. Additionally, they might present complications such as hearing and speech loss, discharge from the ear, lack of body balance, and developmental delay (Hirsch et al., 2021). In addition, these viruses and bacteria might lead to the common cold or flu. Antibiotics, including ear drops, can treat childhood ear infections. However, surgical operations may be required to drain excess fluid from the middle ear in chronic or severe cases. Determinants of Health Determinants of health refer to social, personal, environmental, and economic factors that influence health status. Healthy People 2020 presents the social determinants as education, health and health care, social and community context, built environment, and neighborhood and economic stability. Under the financial stability segment, childhood ear infection risk factors include employment, poverty, housing instability, and food security. The risk is primarily due to the living conditions characterized by poor hygiene, thus enabling bacterial and viral transmission leading to infections. Moreover, education for parents is vital, particularly early childhood education and development, which equips the parents with disease detection, prevention, and control. For example, the mother can recognize the importance of breastfeeding the child through education, thus avoiding ear infections (Bittker & Bell, 2019). Similarly, other risk factors such as smoking would be made known to the mother and enable her safely prevent ear infections in the child. Health and health care act as predominant determinants because they entail health literacy and access to pri
Saudi Vision 2030 is a comprehensive program that is aimed to reduce the country’s economic and political dependence on oil and give the economy another direction. Its ultimate goal is to develop service sectors (including health care, education, tourism, and recreational activities) up to the maximum proving that the economy of the country does not rely solely on fossil fuels. The government has already started to spend much more on military needs and other industries not related to oil. The vision emphasizes three main goals:  1. to build a thriving society that will not depend on oil;  2. to establish a diversified economy not relying on any of its sectors entirely;  3. to create an ambitious nation striving for a highly dedicated government. All these tangible goals are to be achieved within 10-15 years. It is supposed that the necessary diversification will be obtained with the assistance of the private sector of the economy. All the reforms will concern industries that are not related to oil (e.g. tourism, health care, education at all levels, commerce, etc.). The program is going to solve all the existing problems concerning unemployment and the absence of job perspectives in the labor sector. Moreover, it will address more drastic changes such as the empowerment of Saudi Arabian women. This change is now necessary to alter the country’s conservative, non-progressive vision. It is expected that the number of women in the labor market is going to grow by up to 30 percent (Bahgat 41). However, no matter how promising Vision 2030 may seem to be, there still exist certain leadership challenges and flaws that can ruin the success of the program in case they are not addressed in due time. The paper at hand is going to investigate gaps and challenges concerning leadership that the program will have to encounter. Manager Mentality vs. Leader Mentality Even though the two terms are generally used interchangeably, it is essential to recognize the difference between them. While a manager is supposed to show an employee how to perform the task, the leader should help him/her show his/her full potential and reach both personal and organizational goals. The problem of Saudi Arabia is that the two notions are often mixed up. As a result of this, there appears a challenge for those people who occupy management positions. There are several mistakes they have to avoid to achieve success (Noël 75):   * They are focused more on direction than on motivation. A good leader is expected to motivate his/her employees to make them devote their ti
Introduction Personal development is central in education for it enables learners to identify their talents, sharpen their skills, and develop their careers optimally. In personal development, lifelong learning is enriching and empowering because it makes learners gain knowledge, skills, and competencies. Laal and Laal (2012) assert that the demands of the modern society require individuals to keep abreast with the rapid-changing knowledge economy and the ever-changing technological globe (p. 1562). Lifelong learning enables individuals to acquire knowledge, sharpen skills, and nurture competencies so that they can cope with the demands of the modern world. Fundamentally, lifelong learning is a learning process that facilitates personal development among learners. However, for effective lifelong learning to occur, learners should acquire some elements. Therefore, this essay identifies self-efficacy, adaptability, and openness to experience as the three elements of effective lifelong learners and discusses their importance in personal development. Self-Efficacy Self-efficacy is one of the elements of effective lifelong learners because it is the major driving force of lifelong learning. Essentially, self-efficacy is the belief and determination that an individual possesses concerning the performance of activities leading to personal development. A notable psychologist, Albert Bandura, identified self-efficacy as an important element of learning for it determines how individuals approach their tasks, goals, and challenges (Kurbanoglu, 2013, p. 635). In this case, self-efficacy is a driver of lifelong learning as it determines how learners believe, think, feel, behave, and motivate themselves during the learning process. Learners with the attribute of self-efficacy leverage their emotions, thoughts, beliefs, and behaviors in a manner that make them achieve their goals, complete their tasks, and attain their dreams. Fundamentally, self-efficacy offers learners the capacity to define and shape their personal development. Given that modern society is very demanding regarding personal development, acquisition of self-efficacy is essential. In the era of information, societies require individuals with self-efficacy because they can search, consume, generate, and share information that is essential for personal development. Individuals with self-efficacy are equipped for lifelong learning since they are self-regulated, independent, confident, and determined learners (Kurbanoglu, 2013, p. 635). Self-regulation enables learners to regulate their learning process by filtering information and applying in their respective fields of expertise. Independence and confidence are two attributes that make learners develop a sense of initiative and the courage to achieve career goals. Determination offers willpower to develop, implement, and achieve career goals effectively. Empirical evidence indicates that self-efficacy correlates with academic performance and personal goals, which are the cornerstones of personal development (Kurbanoglu, 2013, p. 638). Therefore, lea
Introduction The market of the 21st century has become extremely demanding when dealing with goods and services promotion. New tendencies and tools are introduced each year to secure relevance in the market and healthy competition. The foundation of these principles lies in the notion of marketing, which stands for “managing profitable customer relationships, i.e., is to attract new customers by promising superior value and to keep and grow current customers by delivering satisfaction” (Armstrong et al., 2018, p. 20). Thus, when managing any customer-oriented business, it is of crucial importance to dwell upon the market peculiarities and, hence, ways in which a particular product might stand out from the overall context. The marketing process’s primary outcomes are visible to an average person daily when he or she is walking down the street, navigating through social media platforms, or listening to the radio. However, only a few realize that there is a great deal of effort and various strategies implementation that led to these advertisements in the first place. Hence, it is quite relevant for the 21st century to study the basic principles of strategic marketing from both the customer and business owner’s perspectives. In terms of this paper, an attempt will be made to dwell upon the issue by critically analyzing the case study of the Harmonie water. Thus, the major aim of this paper is to define the key conclusions of the case study provided, to select the most beneficial strategic axes for an enterprise as well as to estimate the brand’s ideal positioning in terms of the conducted research. The first part of the research, however, will deal with the theoretical aspects of strategic marketing to provide reasonable answers. Strategic Marketing as a Notion The rapid advancement of technology as a marketing tool, along with the constantly increasing expectations from the customers, encourages researchers to define new ways of market management, and establish new ways of communication with stakeholders. To classify the variety of these approaches, at the end of the 20th century, Hunt came up with four major dimensions of marketing science. They include the behavior of both buyers and sellers toward the exchange realization, its institutional framework, and the following consequences the structure brings to society (Varadarajan, 2019). When speaking of these principles, it becomes clear that such a strong dependence on a potential customer leads to the need for constant strategy modification, as society’s attitudes towards consumption are constantly changing. As a result, the notion of strategic marketing serves as a tool that encompasses the peculiarities of “paradigms, principles, th