ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Health care provision is one of the priorities of the US government. To meet this there is a need to establish a budgeting process that is efficient in providing the needed resources and at the appropriate time. According to Sullivan and Sheffrin a budget is basically “a plan for saving and spending” (2003, p. 502). The public health budget affects your life and your health since it determines the much money that is put in preventive medicine, lowering of environmental hazards among others. The public health budget process is an important tool for governments in mobilizing resources that are needed for health, in the implementation of health-based policies and in the provision of quality health services that is equitable and efficient. This essay explains why the budget process is complex and time-consuming, giving qualities of a good leader and finally touching on the financial management for US health care organizations. Reasons why the budget process is complex and time-consuming The budget process involves a lot of players from different sectors of the health care industry. On the spending side, the budget goes through the Appropriation Committees for their approval (Novick, Morrow & Mays, 2008, p.26). Proposals are drafted which are then scrutinized by the budget committees ensuring they have met various needs of the country. After passing through all these processes it goes for voting for its approval or rejection. Politics play a big role in determining what goes into the budget. The policies set out by the present-day government determine what the budget contains. For example, the Obama administration is formulating policies for health insurance policies making health care equitable and accessible to all. When one opposing party fails to agree to the contents there is a lot of time wastage trying to build consensus so that the budget can pass. Skills of a public health organization leader A good leader should be a person of integrity. He/she is honest and has nothing to hide in all his work. This brings a culture of trust in an organization and teamwork is cultivated. Dedication to public health work is a virtue that each leader should have (Hakala, 2008, para. 2-5). This enhances completion of public health duties thus a nation free from diseases. A good leader should have an open mind and be able to listen to views from all people including his juniors (American Public Health Association, 2007, p. 5). Finally, a leader should be motivational and work towards boosting the morale of the employees. Transforming limitations into opportunities As a leader you should be able to face any kind of challenge during the implementation of your duties. According to Halpern & Lubar (2003, p.32), every challenge should be considered as a good chance to learn and attain skills that may be lacking. In public
Overview You Were My Everything was among the top songs in the American Music Chart in year 2004. On a literature perspective, Aviation song was and is still successful because of the extensive use of literary elements. The most eminent literary elements include point-of-view, theme and cultural-context. Nonetheless, how do they influence the success of the song as a piece of literature? The analysis below gives a clear-cut answer to this question. Theme The main theme of the song is lost love. Throughout the poem, the artist makes it explicit regrets losing the person he loved most. In the fourth paragraph, the artist explains the reasons that caused him to lose his love and his desire to have that person back. He treated that person badly ‘I can’t forgive myself for the way I treated you so’ (Aviation 2). The artist also tries to show how he wishes that he could have the chance to love that person again ‘I really wanna show you I really need to hold you’ (Aviation 5). He finds it difficult to admit that he has lost his love ‘I guess now, we’ll never know’ (Aviation 20). As we see, every line focuses on the theme. The reader/listener cannot help but feel the artist’s intense sadness, love, regret and his cry for forgiveness. Point of View The song uses the first person point-of-view. As we see, the word ‘I’ is repeatedly used throughout the song. The first person viewpoint gives the reader an opportunity to get inside the character’s experiences. In every chorus, we see the word ‘I’ in the first six lines, ‘I need you and, I miss you and, I want you and…’ (Aviation 8). The reader gets to know the artists deepest thoughts about the woman he loves and therefore, the reader feels the intense love like if he/she was the one in love. In essence, the reader feels like the artist is sharing his deepest feelings, feelings that he would have difficulty telling his closest friend. As a result, an association, attachment or intimacy develops between the reader and the artist. Cultural-context The song is in the contemporary era where people talk openly about love issues, and where everything, including love is fast-paced. As we see, the artist has no reservation when explaining or expressing his feelings. He tells of the little things he did with the woman he loved ‘Remember when we kissed?’ (Aviation 18) and what they meant to him ‘I thought you’d be there for me’ (Aviation 18) without minding how other people would respond. In addition, he tells us about how he met that person on the first day and they ‘hit if off’ (Aviation 17) immediately. This shows that they never had time to know each other like in earlier times. It was fast lov
Introduction Entrepreneurship has resulted in many individuals venturing into different business sectors. One of the business sectors that have experienced rampant growth is with regard to the retailing business. In the United Kingdom, there are many retailers that have ventured into the market. Some of these firms are domestically owned while others are as a result of foreign direct investment. This shows that there is intense competition within the retail industry that the firms face. This makes it evident that retailers do not operate in a vacuum since there are external forces that these firms face. In order to succeed, they have to develop a competitive strategy to enable them to survive within the hypercompetitive external environment. The objective of this discussion is to illustrate that the retail firms do not operate in a vacuum with a specific study of Wal-Mart Supermarket. The threat of entry from potential investors In the UK supermarket industry, the is free entry into this sector, this means that potential retailers can venture into the sector without any barriers. The investors are also attracted by the fact that the level of profits within this sector is very high. This makes them perceive a higher probability of acquiring a share of the abnormal profits in the Supermarket Industry. This is due to the fact that the cost that is involved in the process of entry is very minimal (Marketingteacher.com, 2009, para.4). This poses a threat to the firm since it has to deal with the competitor in a fair manner in order for it to survive. In order to cope with the competitive environment, the firm’s management has to formulate and implement a very effective retailing strategy. This would result in increased competition and hence the reduction in profit level. One of the main sectors that Wal-Mart has concentrated on is with regard to food retailing. In the recent past, Wal-Mart has been facing intense competition as a result of Tesco Supermarket entering this retailing sector. According to a research survey, Tesco retail firm is controlling 30% of the grocery market in the UK. This has resulted in its profit level reaching 3 billion pounds in the last financial year. This shows that Wal-Mart Supermarket is facing competition as a result of other firms entering the sector. One of the strategies that Wal-Mart Supermarket can use is through formulating a competitive pricing strategy. For ins
Introduction Fred Wenstop discussed the paradigm of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) by relating it to other disciplines and then he concluded by saying that in order to increase rationality the decision-maker must accept the role that emotions play in the decision-making process. But first Wenstop laid the groundwork by stating that for MCDA to work there must be conciliation of facts and fact-based theory across disciplines. It is only through this process of consilience whereby decision-makers can make accurate decisions. The challenge is simple: there is a great gulf between values and beliefs. Belief is used not in religious terms but belief in facts – hard data, numbers, etc. Values on the other hand are felt and linked to emotions. There is a need to find out if emotions can be used to achieve rational decisions or should decision-making be void of emotions and simply focused on data as well as rules and virtues. Main Body The author’s dilemma is easy to understand. First of all there are many decision makers who would rather be objective in their decisions rather than be subjective in their decision-making process. There are many sceptics when it comes to using the emotions, intuition and feelings. This is not hard to comprehend because a typical adult has had bad experiences when he or she allowed her emotions to get in the way. Aside from that proponents of MCDA are faced with an uphill battle when it comes to dealing with the other frameworks used to make decisions. The author solved this dilemma by first clarifying the concept of value. The proponents of MCDA were adamant that “Values are what we care about” and this is the main reason why values should be the driving force in the decision-making process. Yet, when the discussion was gathering steam this assertion was challenged with the counter-argument that values can be subjective. What is valuable to one individual is rubbish to another. Wenstop made a clarification that indeed values are not just about morality but also the thing that a decision-maker might want to achieve and this can even include profit. Therefore, MCDA focuses on outcomes and not on the actions. In order to test the relevance and efficacy of MCDA as tool for decision-makers, it was analyzed by relating it to ethics which was defined as a framework that can separate, “…situations we aim for and situations we seek to avoid” (p. 163). This was further broken down into three mindsets : virtue ethics; duty ethics; and consequentialism. Virtue ethics is about displaying the right attitude. Examples are the virtue ethics of Confucius and the Aristotelian ethics that transformed how Europeans see themselves. Duty ethics on the other hand is the decision whether a particular action is good or bad with respect to a system of rules such as the Ten Commandments (p. 164). This means that since MCDA is not bound by these rules it is therefore leaning towards consequentialism. Wenstop acknowledged the success of virtue ethics and duty ethics. There are numerous strategies and managemen
Introduction In a highly competitive local and global market where research and innovation take center stage in product development, the organization must constantly review their human resource and technological needs, if they aspire to command the market in which they operate. Incidentally, Information Technology (I.T) is a pivotal instrument in raising the bottom line of any company, considering that it links a company with the end-user of a product. That being said, a discerning firm will underscore the importance of upgrading its I.T system to make it as user-friendly as possible and to ensure that it addresses the needs of its employees and its customers. When embarking on capacity building within a firm to meet expansion demands, information technology should never be given a wide berth Justification for Implementing a new Information Technology System As the number of clients increases due to a surge in demand for a more personalized service-oriented approach, there is an overwhelming need for clients to be kept abreast of the status of their purchases. A plausible information system should focus on how clients can track their merchandise, from the point of the manufacturer to door-step delivery or retail outlets (Hinchecliffe, 2011). For this reason, there needs to be an online portal where new and existing clients can register on the Shore and More website, through their e-mail addresses and create their user accounts. This will provide a platform where clients can communicate interactively with online customer relationship officers, to sort out their concerns. This virtual approach to solving customer disputes saves time and money for both the customer and the company, considering that Shore and More is still a small player in the bicycle manufacturing arena, and doesn’t have outlets in every country. Therefore, clients in far-flung countries can communicate with company personnel via the internet. For this service to be actualized, Shore and More needs to change its Internet Service Provider (ISP) with more secure modem connectivity, with an expanded bandwidth to support higher data traffic at higher speeds (Hinchcliffe, 2011). Additionally, the call center needs to be insidiously expanded to at least 150 seats over the next three years to match the inflating number of customer queries. Furthermore, the communications department in conjunction with the call center agents should research the most Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), to determine the appropriate answers to be posted on the company website. This can go a long way into cutting down, on time wasted on responding to mundane inquiries. Human Resource needs for the New Information Technology System The human resources department also needs to adopt software that tracks the performance of every employee, against the quarterly and yearly sales and production targets that management will determine every financial year(Longbottom, 2014). In as much as the company focuses
The Concept of “Management Work” Managers should be aware of their roles and goals. They should maximize their inputs in order to achieve the most desirable results. The concept of management work focuses on specific activities and processes undertaken by leaders to ensure every task is completed in a timely manner. Managers are supposed to create, monitor, implement, and track the progress of every task undertaken in their organizations (Longest, 2010). This concept is used to ensure various organizational tasks are managed in a professional manner. The process brings together different players and stakeholders in an attempt to achieve quality results. Managers should therefore be able to track the contributions of different players in order to record positive outcomes. The concept also encourages managers to embrace specific competencies and skills that have the potential to improve performance. Some of these skills include critical thinking, the ability to empower, positive communication, and problem-solving (Longest, 2010). Managers who use this concept find it easier to address the major challenges affecting performance. They delegate duties and ensure every follower has a clear focus. Proper management and use of adequate facilitative activities will address the needs of different followers thus improving the level of performance. Dental Public Health Program Dental health remains a major area that has been ignored for years. Many people are currently affected by a wide range of dental problems and cavities (Peterson & Kwan, 2004). That being the case, powerful dental health programs can be used to address this problem. The proposed public health program seeks to educate children below the age of sixteen about the best dental practices. The program will be supported by the concept of early prevention (Peterson & Kwan, 2004). Children who are introduced to proper dental health practices will have healthy teeth. In order to achieve positive results, parents, guardians, and community workers will be involved throughout the process. These stakeholders will play a major role in supporting the needs of the targeted children. Managing the Program The success of the proposed dental health program will depend on the managerial practices embraced by different stakeholders. The leaders and community workers will be supported using the concept of management work . This concept will make it easier for the managers to create the best environment for implementing the program. The next step will be to delegate different duties and activities (Longest, 2010). The managers will use the best competencies to empower, monitor, and guide their followers. Such followers will also be equipped with appropriate resources in order to educate more children and their guardians. The program will stress the importance of specific practices such as regular brushing, intake of water, and avoidance of sugary foods (Peterson & Kwan, 2004). The other important aspect of management work is tracking the progress of the tasks undertaken by different followers. Every task should be completed in a professiona
As the title illustrates, ‘Landscape and Narrative’ by Barry Lopez illustrates the relationship between the landscape and a narrative. The author illustrates that a narrative serves its purpose if it manages to illustrate the relationship between the interior and the exterior landscape effectively and in an orderly manner. The exterior landscape represents the earth and the ecosystem while the interior landscape represents the mind, thoughts and everything that happens in a person’s mind. Therefore, it is clear that Lopez uses the issue of landscape to illustrate the role of a narrative as well as the points that ought to be considered to come up with an effective narrative. Lopez illustrates that a narrator should have knowledge on the interior and exterior landscape to come up with an effective narrative. Since the exterior landscape represents the land, a narrator is supposed to have a lot of knowledge on the same to be in a position to effectively provide the relationship between the two landscapes. However, since it is not possible to have full knowledge on the land or the exterior landscape, observing the relationship between di
There is no use denying the fact that conditions under which the majority of organizations function in the modern world are very favorable for the creation of some strong links with international partners and promoting some services all over the world. Under these conditions, the issue of licensing obtains special importance. It is a process of “leasing a legally protected entity” ( What is Licensing? n.d.). It means that the organization is able to use its trademark, logo, and some other issues. However, the thing is that there are many different organizations in the world, and sometimes their names and logos can coincide though the practice of licensing can help to avoid the mess connected with the great number of different companies in the world. Additionally, this practice also protects services and goods from being used by some other companies which actually do not have the right to do it. That is why the issue of licensing works. The modern world can be characterized by the blistering development of the issue known as globalization. It means that almost all countries of the world interact nowadays, and people are able to communicate, exchange, and run a business almost everywhere (Mourdoukoutas, 2011). It is obvious that such an important process has its advantages and disadvantages. Especially important this issue becomes for business. The first obvious advantage is the ability to open new departments in different countries, which can lead to the further development of a company and market. However, one should also remember that new areas for the development of a company can also threats its prosperity because of the peculiarities of the mind and culture of local people. All these peculiarities can be demonstrated with the help of such a well-known organization as Apple. It is obvious that it tries to seize new markets, that is why the company opens its departments everywhere. On the one hand, it obviously helps the company to obtain higher incomes. On the other hand, there are some dangers that are connected with the unstable international situation. The thing is that Apple cannot but react to the changes in the political situation as its partners are placed all over the world. The company depends on them heavily. That is why, some sanctions, which are very popular nowadays, can deprive it of its partner and even make some marketing area unavailable. Resting on these facts, any company should take into account all sides of its globalization and create a good plan to do it.
Introduction There are many ways for people to get their lives complicated, and the desire to follow the established beauty standards is one of them. Being obsessed with fashion, women easily enter the world where anorexia and bulimia rule. They believe these conditions are necessary to achieve some goals and succeed. In her poem, Cassie Beige introduces Ana (anorexia) as her “only friend” who “knows where my secrets lie” and who will “be with me to the end”. Such types of relationships scare and impress at the same time. Women are in need of friends to talk to, share emotions, and ask for advice. However, it is never too late to remember that, despite the existing attitudes, anorexia is a disease that has to be treated; and when anorexia becomes a friend, a number of problems occur. In the modern world, the perversion of the truth is a dangerous weapon that can beautify a serious health problem, anorexia, and make it the guise of beauty that actually worsens the quality of life. Waldman Story Anorexia is a frequently discussed topic in the modern world. People are ready to spend their resources and devote their time to understand its positive and negative aspects to come to one definite conclusion. It is not a secret that anorexia becomes an interesting theme for writing in different parts of the world. Katy Waldman is a famous Slate staff writer, who created the story “There Once Was a Girl”, focusing on the false narratives of the disease. One of her strongest aspects is the desire to share her personal life, emotions, and intentions in order to explain how anorexia may penetrate human bodies and minds. According to Waldman, this disorder was “implemented by perfectionism, genes, whatever spectral level it is that tilts the cosmic pinball board and then everything changes”. Despite the fact that the author denied the necessity of anorexia in her body, she could not get rid of the influence it had on her life. In addition to a number of literature sources Waldman used in her writing (Francesca Lia Block, Leslie Jamison, and Louise Glück), she wanted to underline the importance of her vision of anorexia. In “There Once Was a Girl”, many definitions reveal the truth of the disease. Waldman underlines that “anorexia is an inveterate liar whose grand theme is your identity”. Anorexia may be imposed by society, supported by family members, or treated by medical workers. However, the major choice should be made by a person whose life is under threat from this eating disorder. Unfortunately, the experience of Waldman shows that “anorexia both is and isn’t a choice; the anorexic bot