ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Technological progress has been developing especially rapidly over the last several decades. Today, technologies are ubiquitous, and they tend to affect every sphere of people’s life. The Healthcare system is not an exception; nowadays it is heavily influenced by technological progress and the impacts carry both advantages and disadvantages for the field. The Impact of HIPAA and HITECH Regulations on Health Care Systems for the Future The abbreviation HIPAA stands for the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act that first was established in 1996 with the purpose to introduce improvements to the health care system and maximize its efficiency ( HIPAA Administrative Simplification Statute and Rules , n. d.). According to the Act, the Department of Health and Human Services was obliged to enforce national standards considering the addition of technologies into such aspects as data storage and processing, health identification and security. This act functions on the national level and provides equal standards for all health care employees and facilities. HITECH refers to the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act launched in 2009 and directed at the encouraging of the wide use of EHRs (electronic health records) (Menachemi & Collum, 2011). Under this Act, the federal government enables the state authorities to develop the required infrastructure and adopt new ways of working with patient information within the healthcare system. The two Acts are able to speed up the work of the healthcare facilities, remove some of the time-consuming and unnecessary paperwork and alleviate the tasks of the medical staff, ensure more precise data processing and coding. At the same time, the main concerns related to HITECH and HIPAA are the problems with information security, and the adoption and implementation stages that will take a lot of investment or effort, time, and money. The Implementation and Ongoing Use of Software and Hardware Systems The regulations of HITECH and HIPAA are directly connected to the implementation of various kinds of software and hardware by the health care facilities. The systems adopted by health care specialists and facilities need to meet the requirements of The Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology’s or ONC established to monitor the use of EHRs ( Health IT Legislation and Regulations , 2014). This means that the producers of software and hardwa
Introduction The rapid spread of digital technologies and new ways of communication has made modern society more connected than ever before. As a result, the national states of the world received an opportunity to utilize the means of global communication for positive branding and self-promotion. In particular, China has made a decisive attempt to establish itself as a new global power and share its messages and values across the planet. A smart approach to global communications played a significant role in current Chinese success. In the end, China was able to gain a considerable amount of soft power and rise to prominence in international affairs despite being an authoritarian state in the world of liberal democracies. Global Communications and China’s Discursive Power China has one significant disadvantage compared to English-speaking countries when it comes to global communications — a limited geographical spread of the Chinese language. By July 2015, 97,89% of people exposed to the Chinese language lived only in two states: China and Malaysia (Constantinescu, 2015). Therefore, Chinese can be considered a major world language only due to the number of speakers. In terms of geographical spread, the Chinese language is inferior to English, French, Spanish, Arabic, and even Russian (Constantinescu, 2015). As a result, Chinese authorities had to promote their ideas through different channels of influence. Since the beginning of the 21st century, Chinese officials have actively urged for changes in contemporary political discourse. In 2003 professor Zheng Bijian, an Executive Vice President of the Central Party School, announced the idea of China’s “peaceful rise” (Zhao, 2016). In the following year, President Hu Jintao proclaimed “sticking to the road of peaceful rise” as the “highest national principle” (Zhao, 2016). The same demeanor transferred to Chinese political scholars, who left their country two options: becoming a part of the Western world or establishing its own discourse (Zhao, 2016). China has chosen to create its own destiny; now, it had to develop the necessary means of communication. To promote its newly-established independent discourse, China developed a system of global communications in which Chinese authorities prioritized media over public diplomacy. Starting from 2002, China encouraged the implementation of “go out” policies for radio and television (Zhao, 2016). For example, China Radio International s
Introduction Nowadays, it became a commonplace practice among many historians to suggest that the Jewish Holocaust accounts for the most important and yet strongly phenomenological episode of the WW2. The reason for this is that the concerned event did not only prove to the whole world that a modern state is fully capable of exterminating people en mass on an industrial scale (simply because they have been proclaimed ‘undesirable’), but also that the willing perpetrators, in this respect, may consist of the morally upstanding and socially productive citizens. Moreover, the sheer number of the murdered Jews (6 million) poses a question – how was it possible for the Nazis to achieve such a ‘feat’ within a matter of three years (1942-1945), in the first place – especially given the fact that at the time Germany needed just about every available resource to be used for the continuation of its war-effort? In my paper, I will analyze the concerned phenomenon at length while promoting the idea that there was the combination of three main prerequisites for the Holocaust to take place. They can be outlined as follows: the historical legacy of anti-Semitism in Europe, the particulars of the German national character (mentality)/the fact that the Nazis did succeed in dehumanizing the Jews, and the irrational (bestial) hatred of Jews, which used to be experienced by people in Eastern Europe throughout the WW2. Body of the paper When it comes to expounding on the Holocaust-related subjects, most modern authors emphasize that it would prove quite inappropriate referring to the 20 th century’s most infamous act of genocide outside of what accounted for its major prerequisite – the fact that up until the end of the WW2, it used to be a commonplace occurrence among Europeans to experience anti-Semitic anxieties. There are quite a few reasons for this to have been the case. Probably the most important of them has to do with the theological differences between Christianity and Judaism – something that resulted in prompting Christians to perceive Jewish people as being nothing short of ‘infidels’ while assigning them with the collective blame for the crucifixion of Jesus. The Catholic Church contributed rather substantially towards bringing about such a state of affairs –especially throughout the 15 th -17 th centuries when one of the Inquisition’s priorities was to hunt down the Jews. Therefore, there is indeed nothing too surprising about the fact that, as Bergen noted: “All of the false accusations… that Jews were traitors and conspirators, that they killed Christ—remained familiar in Europe into the twentieth century” (5). Partially, this
Introduction Branding is a very important component of marketing. This is because different consumers exhibit varying trends in their loyalty towards products. Consumers can be loyal in the sense that they always buy a certain brand of products from the same company. They can also be switchers when they move to other products because of change in prices. For better results, it is important for marketers to understand the impact branding can have on sales and the relationship with customers. This research proposal narrows down to the issue of branding in luxury home furniture. These are household consumer products and indeed are affected by the choice of brand and the related strategies by the marketer. The literature review would examine existing information on consumer behavior in relation to branding and sales. This has constituted the secondary data in the research. An experimental approach has been discussed as the proposed method to investigating branding and sales in luxury furniture. Ethical issues and how they would be ensured have also been captured in this proposal. Finally, the proposed research findings and their analysis have been proposed at the end of this paper. Aim of the research This research aims at exploring into consumer purchasing trends and loyalty to luxury home furniture in relationship to changes in the branding strategies adopted by the marketers. Research objectives  1. To investigate the effect of change of brand on the number of sales recorded within a one month period of time.  2. To find out if a change in brand of furniture affects the relationship between the customers and the products.  3. To investigate the impact of alteration in the brand of luxury furniture to consumer loyalty.  4. To investigate consumer trends and relationships in relation to specific brands of luxury furniture. Theoretical framework Branding refers to the process of assigning names, signs, symbols or design to a product or service of a company or business entity with the intention of uniquely identifying the product of that firm and distinguish it from the competitors. Different business organizations are known for their specific brands in the market. Consumers are very sensitive to brands in the sense that they can identify their preferred brands from a list of competing products in the market. The relationship between customers and specific brands in the market is affected by a number of factors. Some of the factors concern the satisfaction of the needs of the customers from the products that have been branded in the market. (Foxall, 2005). Branding is an aspect of marketing that has been under research for a long time. Business organizations are ever in search of better branding strategies which aim at improvements in various dimensions. Studies have demonstrated that brand
When Joe joint collage he faced some awkward behaviour, where older boys exerted force on him to undertake various self-conscious activities. This was obviously possible due to imbalance of supremacy caused by difference on their learning levels. The older boys had engagements that exerted some superior external forces on him since he was younger, to unwillingly participation in various activities including sexually related performances. His naïve state or innocence did not assist him to understand the state of affairs and he often persevered decisively on a thought that it was the norm at college level. The option of forcing resist was not logical since the possibility of a win was probably nil. Joe’s college lifestyles mainly involved work-related strains, unattended depression, anxiety and frequent physical injuries inflicted by college mates who were older. He would persevere quietly perhaps due to the fact that majority of the freshmen like him underwent similar circumstances or probably worse. This weakened his self-esteem and he felt an inferior party in the institution. The bulling and unsafe states of affairs were mainly in existence due to drug related abuses. Joe often suffered from some obvious physical signs of bullying and physical molestation such as walking difficulties, sitting and playing difficulties due to incurred injuries. He showed the impression of strain during such common activities for instance during games. He also had constant and common long-term pains or physical irritation. Different bruises and scars marks on his body were equally an indication that he was a victim of physical bullying. Joe underwent physical abuse such as corporal punishment, slapping and kicking particularly by those who had been accorded managerial authority to teach and maintain good institutional values among new students. The physically abusive students would therefore illegally justify their actions by insisting on the need to teach and emphasize discipline. They forcefully and unlawfully implemented the ‘spare the rod, spoil the child’ rule, that supported physical abuses instead of physical-corrective punishments. The senior student therefore abuses the authority accorded to them to instil disciplining by teaching the right from wrong and instead instilled fear and other severe emotional effects through dictatorship and bulling. Joe lacked the courage to express obvious bullying related depression, since the situation had become a familiar situation. His lowered self-esteem would make him to observe the common behaviours of the older boys quietly and accept the situation as a cultural practice. According to Albert Bundura’s Social Learning Theory, like Joe, most people learn through observation of state of affairs and often later imitate the happening, considering them as the norm. Eventually, physical or emotional abuses such as bullying are thus replicated and have diverse effects especially during adulthood. Joe underwent bodily harm that included emotional, physical and sexual acts. The social learning theory indicates that the biggest effect of abusive acts
Introduction Since its independence from British in 1919, Afghanistan has had a turbulence history characterized by foreign invasions, sectarian wars and poor governance. From the 1980s the Taliban, which began as a resistance group fighting against the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, has played a key role in the affairs of Afghanistan. Following the US led invasion of Afghanistan, the Taliban lost the almost absolute control it held in the country. This led to Afghanistan being classified as a failing state by the international community. After the US invasion of Afghanistan in 2001, there was need for state-building; a term which is defined as constructing a functional state. The US has therefore been at the forefront of rebuilding Afghanistan with a huge military presence being established in the region. Even so, incidents of insecurity continue to be high in Afghanistan. This paper shall argue that Afghanistan’s security is best served by the withdrawal of America’s troops on Afghan soils. A Case for Continued US Presence Failing and failed states provide safe havens for terrorist organizations some of which operate internationally. Pauly (2010) specifically cautions that nations on the brink of failure are ideal bases for terrorist groups. Afghanistan served as the safe haven for Al-Qaida it was only after the invasion of the country by US led troops and the establishment of a functional government that the country stopped serving as a hub for terrorists. Paris and Sisk (2009) assert that international efforts were essential for the state-building efforts in post-Taliban Afghanistan. The Afghan government was installed through efforts of the US and currently, the military security and national budget of Afghanistan depends heavily on foreign funding. For a nation to function favorably, it has to have a functional justice system. This is because a nation’s justice system has a direct bearing on the perceived legitimacy of a government by its people. Hains (2008) states that the reason for this is that the nation’s citizens are more likely to cooperate with the security apparatus if they perceive that the justice system is effective and fair. Afghanistan’s justice system is primarily aided by the US. Should the US move out of Afghanistan, it can be assumed that the justice system would collapse therefore throwing Afghanistan into further turmoil. Failure of US Efforts While US led efforts to stability Afghanistan and bring about peace have been massive, they have not worked. This has mostly been because of the huge foreign military presence in Afghanistan. The presence of US military installations in Afghanistan has resulted in the radicalization of sect
User Guide The process for using the automatic shortlisting tool is outlined in this user guide along with screenshots. There are three main steps required to accomplish the shortlisting task.  1. Enter the essential and desirable criteria  2. Enter the application data  3. Shortlist the top 5 candidates Each of the above steps is supported by an individual worksheet and the functions provided on each worksheet are defined in detail in the following sections. Essential and Desirable Criteria Worksheet The first step is to add the Person Specification in the sheet named “Essential & Desirable Criteria”. Add all the Essential Criteria in column C and Desirable Criteria in column E. As the name indicates, the “Clear Essential” and “Clear Desirable” clear the essential and desirable criteria data respectively. This sheet consists of two additional buttons for navigation – Application Data and Shortlist. Clicking the “Application Data” button will take you to the Application Data worksheet consisting of all the application data including candidate names and ratings for each criterion. The “Shortlist” button will shortlist all the candidates (assuming that application data is already entered) and take you to the Shortlist worksheet. Application Data Worksheet On the “Application Data” sheet, Essential criteria can be entered in ce
Introduction Barbara Ehrenreich, the author of the book Nickel and Dimed, focuses on the lifestyle of low-income earners in America coupled with the many problems they contend with daily. Ironically, America is among the world’s highly developed countries of all the times. Additionally, during independence, it declared equal working and living conditions on top of happiness for all its citizens as outlined in the famous ‘American Dream.’ However, the treatment of the American poor workers negate its robust economical growth over the years; actually, for low-income earners, the ‘American Dream’ is just that; a dream and as things appear, it will remain an ever-elusive dream that only existed in the dreaming of the likes of Martin Luther et al. Ehrenreich personally encounters the evil treatment as an American worker. She realizes that whether one is a low-income earner African-American or purely an American citizen he/she faces homelessness, squalid working conditions, and poor payment. The Main Problems Encountered by Ehrenreich Ehrenreich encountered difficulties in securing a job, poor working conditions, mistreatment from managements, poor and expensive housing rates among other pertinent issues affect every other low-income earner in the might America. In Florida Ehrenreich is unable to get a good job forcing her to secure a low-wage paying job. The first place she secures a job is in a restaurant called ‘Hearthside’ where she is to work as a waiter for two weeks. Her working hours are from 2.00 to 10.00 pm at only $2.43 per hour. Hearthside managers do not allow her to rest or even sit while at work. On the contrary, they sit down from morning to evening. Due to their selfish nature, they do not care about the plight of their employees nor customers rather all they want is money. Additionally the supervisors disrespect and do not pay attention to the employees on top of delaying their payments without apparent reason. This shows the poor treatment of the American worker and exposes the pipe dream that is the ‘American dream’ has degenerated into; equal opportunities to all, liberty and pursuit of happiness exists but only on paper if not in dreamland. From her earnings, Ehrenreich is unable to afford basic needs like housing, food, and health services. This is an irony because America’s economy is one of the best in the world with a growth domestic product of about $14.7 trillion. Luckily, Jerry’s restaurant employs her as a waiter again. Unfortunately, there is oppression and poor working conditions. The kitchen is in poor condition while the bathroom is unequipped not to mention long working hours. Although she has a job, she lives in a trailer, which is tiny and not comfortable. All employees are mistreated yet they work selflessly and this underscores the treatment and life of a low-income American
Leadership is a responsibility that many people would like to be given. It enables one to prove to other that he or she is capable of positively influencing organizational vision. Many people join organizations at junior positions but all aspire to rise through the ranks and become the bosses one day. However, not every person who is a leader is a good example to the juniors. In the military for example, discipline and loyalty are very vital. Subordinates are supposed to take orders from their seniors without objection. In most circumstances, whatever the person in command says is taken to be the correct mode of action. Unfortunately, this kind of organizational climate is capable of encouraging leaders who totally disregard views or even the welfare of their juniors and just give instructions. Most military leaders expect that all instructions they give out will be followed to the latter without complains. It is, however, important to note that there have been great military leaders who not only inspired, but also guided their subordinates in their career development. Given all these facts, the question that many people ask themselves is whether military leadership is great or toxic. Organizational success is highly dependent on the kind of leadership that is exercised. Juniors need to be motivated to work especially in the military where work involves putting one’s life on the line. On the same note, young leaders will most certainly copy the leadership styles that their leaders are using. In this regard, it is important for any organization to ensure that good leadership styles always prevail in any situation. Various qualities can be used to identify a good leader. To begin with, a good leader should be honest not only to the management but also to subordinates. Whenever giving instructions, sincerity should be the guiding principal (Sue, 2010). It will not be helpful for a leader to give information that is not correct to the juniors. The moment subordinates realize that they have been given wrong information, they will definitely lose confidence in the leadership of the organization and these will greatly hinder success of the organization. Therefore, any leader should exude highest degree of integrity so as to lead his or her juniors in the right direction. Moreover, it should be noted that juniors take their leaders to be capable people who have the ability of satisfactorily solving most issues that come up. In order to solve problems in any scenario, it has been depicted that emotional stability is important. Therefore, leaders are supposed to be competent people who are up to task with their responsibilities. Moral principals should be their guiding factors whenever they carry out any action (Aluya, 2009). On the same note, they should tackle various issues based on reason while keeping their emotions and feelings under contro