ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Article Summary The topic of marriage has recently stirred debates amongst the millennial population. Interestingly, the millennial generation seems to be more inclined to the priority of parenting rather than the actual marriage. Most studies have indicated that few millennials prefer and value the essence of marriage. Close to half or average of the surveyed Gen-xers population admitted that they appreciated good parenting. On the other hand, a closer percentage of the same population placed marriage to the similar capacity as parenting. An analytical view and relation of these responses did not depict any significant association. This was, particularly, with their parents. Most parents were married and regarded marriage to be crucial to ones life. However, this was unlike the Gen-xers whose parents highly esteemed marriage, just like their children. Recent studies have also depicted that adult Americans are increasingly regarding marriage to be obsolete. Fascinatingly, the Millennials largely supporting marriage are not keen to tie the knot. Most of the single Millennials long for marriage and love upbringing children in marriage. The increasingly sporadic society seems to be changing marriage patterns, with the presence of several unmarried relationships. Transforming job conditions and social liberalizations have played a great role in making millennials to cherish parenting relative to marriage. The younger adults have lost the economic sense marriage. The fact is, economic crisis has also played a critical role in these patterns. Seemingly, the Millennials lack confidence in the fact that a happily brought up child must have both parents. Perhaps, this is the reason why most millennial mothers are single relative to the Generation X mothers. According to Pew, cohabitation plays a critical role in this variance. The Millennials are also more reluctant to risk parenthood as compared to their counterpart Gen-Xers. Essay Generally, the present generation largely varies from the one that existed before. Particularly, an analysis of the marriage as well as relationship patterns would clearly depict this notable variance between the two generations. The previous generation seemed more conservative concerning many issues. For instance, it is observable that a greater percentage valued marriage and kinship ties within their society. There was an evident urge to get married and bring up a decent family, with a considerate number of children. Considerably, a narrow percentage of this ancient generation also appreciated and practiced the divergent sexual and relationship behaviors that are presently notable. In the present generation, there are instances of cohabitation. People engage in non-committed relationships and prefer being childless. The importance of family upbringing I s never important and people prefer single life. Unlike the previous generation, people oppose marriage an
Crime is not distributed evenly across a community, but it is concentrated in particular areas known as the hot spots. Even in areas that are crime prominent, the hot spots are clustered together, leaving some areas that are crime-free. Thus, hot spot policing has become one of the popular ways through which crime can be controlled. The public has the expectations that the police play an enormous role in the reduction of crime. The public disorder is characterized by alcohol consumption, drug dealings, prostitution, which may be in an increase in a particular neighborhood. Researchers and police have concluded that crime has a direct link to a particular community’s fear of crime and its contribution to controlling it. Crime is profoundly affected by drug use, availability, and access to guns as well as other behaviors such as consumption of alcohol (Fisher & Lab, 2010). The spatial analysis of community problems can be the best way to tell where the police resources can be deployed. The advances in understanding the concentrations of crime indicate that some of the regions have elevated levels of crime. These regions also have the subsequent risk of crime within a relatively short period. The police can be able to prevent these crime scenes if they can be able to identify these regions and control the crime. In some of the instances, in crime hot spots, the levels of shooting can be considerably reduced. The researchers need to understand the specific patterns of crime within a region to be able to be controlled (Vigne & Wartell, 2000). Even though the experts assure people of safety in the bus stops, studies have indications of high levels of crime. In the inner-city neighborhood, the fear of crime dictates the daily life of the residents. Crimes are also on the rise in bus stops and other forms of transit. Some of the transit companies allow their drivers to carry weapons as a way of protecting themselves. Most of the transit companies have directed fewer efforts to increase the security of the bus stops. Currently, crimes that are committed in the bus stop remain understudied. Bus stop crimes are happening in a huge percentage though there are few cases whereby these crimes have been reported. A survey carried out on Los Angeles households proves that there are several crimes being committed in the state. It also indicated that the level of crime had increased 30 times than in the previous listed reports. In addition, a survey that was carried in the inner city corridors of Los Angeles indicates that there is a lack of safety in these regions. Most of the police should be deployed in this region to help fight the incidences of crime within this region (Wilson & Petersilia, 1995). In addition, studies have shown that the features within an environment have attracted crime. For instance, it is easier for most criminals to commit crimes next to the main paths and edges of social activity. The increase in the number of escape routes within t
The article was written by the scientists from the University of Wollongong, Pepper and Spedding, in 2010. For the first time, the work was published in the International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management. The paper targets the issue of quality improvement. Specifically, it aims at the complex utilization of the integrated approaches to the lean studies. According to the initial assumption, the six sigma technique serves as a guarantee of the essential technical improvement and industrial success (Pepper and Spedding 138). Therefore, the qualitative study provides a review of the existing lean six sigma principles as well as their practical application and technical concerns. The aim of the investigation, which is described in the article on lean six sigma examination, is to combine coherent approaches to quality improvement and to identify a single integrative model of continuous industry. The study design provides a two-level analysis of quality improvement modeling. First, it regards the implementation of the lean technology in separation from the six sigma doctrine. Afterward, it combines the approaches into one joint model and assesses the ways of its successful functioning. According to the current business studies review, 117 of the leading world companies employ the long-term lean strategies for an effective sustention (Butcher par. 6). According to the literature analysis, which lies in the center of the study, one differentiates several waste types that are eliminated by lean models. These are excessive inventory, technical defects, inappropriate processing, extra transportation, and over waiting. Due to the differentiated value extraction processes, the article identified Value Stream Mapping (VSM) as an extensive lean-based technology. The advantages of the model are outlined by the scientists. Moreover, the critical drawbacks of the approach are regarded as well. The objective accomplishments of the system are demonstrated on several practical examples. The authors conclude that VSM provides a link between the information flows and materials use. However, the model sustains a non-detailed description of industrial operations, which ignores the actual data extraction. The successes of the lean-driven technology are analyzed on the basis of some practical operational facilities. Mainly, the authors of the article deduced that the introduction of lean-modeling gave birth to the culture of American automobiles and aerospace technologies (Subramanya par. 7). Furthermore, the growth of the Japanese manufacturing is linked to the lean techniques as well. The overview of the six sigma modeling stems from the strategic doctrine, which was first generated by the founder of the technology, the company Motorola. The study points out that the industry’s success was ensured by the ability of technical support to differentiate the ratings of production defects. The underlying doctrine of the six sigma approach states that every million of professional opportunities sh
Introduction Though people vary from black, white, or whichever, it is worthy noting that their lives are almost the same, regardless of these variations. Directed by Alejandro Gonzalez Innarritu, Babel is a movie, written ahead of its time and meant to prove this fact. It is a piece of work set to address the diverse issues occurring in the U.S.A, Morocco, Japan, and Mexico. As the movie unfolds, these turn out to be four interlacing stories, owing to the one gun that links them as the film nears the end. According to Innarritu, human life is almost the same across nations and even though people may undergo different situations in life, the bottom line is that, human life is full of suffering and struggles. This movie highlights the widespread social issues like family life, weddings, child abuse, rejection and isolation, and miscommunication, as expounded below. Analysis Of the many issues brought forward in this movie, the subject of family life is outstanding. Richard and Susan are in Morocco to reconcile their lives after many days of a strained marriage. Richard accuses Susan of running away after their youngest son died from a sexually transmitted disease. They are blaming each other. In fact, in the hotel where they are seated, an argument is evident concerning the father’s decision of escaping following the death of their son. They do not seem to understand each other and Susan says she want to leave the café. At this point, we understand that, Richard and Susan took this vacation to Morocco to reconcile their strained marriage. Susan starts to cry and this continues as they board a tour bus. Suddenly, a bullet comes through the window and injures Susan critically at the shoulder. Another issue clearly addressed is the issue of wedding. Wedding comes into the scene as Amelia travels to Mexico to attend her son’s wedding. This highlights how important wedding is in our society today. No one would love to miss such an occasion. In the wedding, everything is set just to make sure that the event goes on as planned. One of the cherished dreams in any young person’s life is wedding. It such an important social issue that many are not even patient enough to wait for the right time. Whether it is marriage or the wedding that delights people, we cannot tell; however, the fact remains that, wedding is very important in lives of nearly all people. Child abuse is another common social issue addressed in the movie. The issue of responsibility in childcare also stands out. Amelia decides to take Richard’s children to Mexico without letter of consent from the parents, a factor that brings her problem at the Mexican border. She later abandons the children in the desert before being arrested by the U.S. Border Patrol. Innarritu succeeds in this subject because he clears addresses the most common problems and scenarios encountered in any family. These range from marriage conflicts, through child abuse, to weddings as exposited above. He shows that marriage, not only that of Richard and Susan
Dishonored is a first-person stealth-action videogame, published by Bethesda Softworks and developed by Arkane Studios. The game mechanics allow the players to complete the missions in different ways, either combat or stealth, depending on the player’s choice. There are also tons to eliminate the opponents lethally and non-lethally due to the variety of weapons and magical abilities at the player’s disposal. Dishonored is a nonlinear game, meaning the game world allows one to explore the levels by climbing the rooftops and going through sewer systems. However, there is a more or less strict order of missions the player must follow. The player’s choices in how they use their killing abilities directly affect the process and the game’s ending. Dishonored has an in-game metric system called “Chaos” that measures the player’s level of destruction (“Dishonored”). The more enemies the player kills, the more chaotic the world of Dishonored becomes. For example, a high level of “Chaos” increases the rat population that attacks the player, making the gameplay more challenging. However, it depends on the player’s preferences and how they want the game to run (“Dishonored”). Dishonored takes place in a fictional city Dunwall, in which citizens are suffering from the plague. The main character, Corvo, is a personal bodyguard of the empress that is assassinated at the beginning of the game. Now Corvo’s mission is to bring the kidnapped daughter of the empress Emily back to the throne while the usurper runs the country. The world-building is based on nineteenth-century London and Edinburgh. Dishonored allows the player to choose the level of difficulty at the start of the game (from easy to very hard). By increasing the difficulty leve
Social Factors and Family ~ Social Class As Cherlin (2009) explains, the four-class model splits young adults into residing with parents, adults of various residential statuses, semi-independent, and independent young adults. The three status groups include marital status groups (i.e., married/not married), poverty status groups (e.g., rich/poor/average), and age status groups (e.g., children/young adults/adults/senior citizens). A poverty line is defined as the point at which the family’s income is equal to the currently accepted cost of living. The term is used in defining the financial state (e.g., “below the poverty line” means “poor”). In 2010, 21% of white children, 39% of Black children, and 35% of Hispanic children lived in families that were below a poverty line (Cherlin, 2013). According to Cherlin, in poorly-educated families, the chances for poverty and divorce are considerably higher, since people without proper education are unlikely to find a job that will satisfy the needs of the entire family. As Cherlin explains, the kin network is often considered a way out for the families that live beyond the poverty line, yet, in fact, the kin network often discourages the family members to search for a well-paid job and, therefore, makes the family even less capable of surviving on its own. Among the governmental programs on helping families, the following must be mentioned: 1) relationship-skills program (enhancing more trustworthy relationships); 2) the program promoting marriage and fatherhood; 3) the program helping young married couples having or being about to have a child. There is a considerable gap between the families of “blue collars” and “white collars.” According to Cherlin, the rates of family violence are considerably lower among “white collars,” yet the latter have higher rates of divorce. Cherlin proves in a very impressive manner that people who received high education build much st
International marketing mix (price, product, place and promotion), product modification, distribution, country of origin, etc. are the issues which influence the expansion of the product on the international arena and impact the demand on the product (Kotler & Armstrong 2010). EKEN Power Bands should underline the main principles of its strategy to make sure that marketing mix corresponds and supports it. Highlighting each element in detail, price should be referred to. Having considered the preferences of American consumers, it should be stated that to avoid consumer ethnocentrism and reduce the effect from country of origin to minimum, premium prices should be established. Consumers are not usually attracted by low prices as this fact makes them feel inconvenience and alert (Parts 2007). The EKEN Power Bands prices in Australia and in the USA are not similar, the difference is $20 and American price is lower. Such attitude may distract Australians from buying the products and negative attitude in the country of origin may reduce the interest in the product worldwide as well. The product and place should be considered from one and the same perspective as they are closely interrelated. Americans are people who are fond of sports and who have a lot of sport stars they adore. The choice of the local representation in Los Angeles is a good idea, however, the company should not enlarge it, but it should locate some offices in different parts of the state to make sure that people have an opportunity to turn directly to company representatives if some specific problems appear. Providing online trading strategy, the EKEN Power Bands feels responsibility for its products, that is why the local presentation is crucial. American people feel security when they know where they can turn in case of problem appearance and the l
Market segmentation By including Mexico City as one of its destinations, Etihad Airways can serve two groups of clients; at first, one should speak about businesses that rely on air transportation. In this case, one should speak about UAE companies that employ Mexican expatriates. Overall, in this way, Etihad Airways can benefit various organizations that may want to operate in the UAE or Mexico. Furthermore, the company can serve the needs of honeymooners and leisure travelers. The management should pay attention to affluent and middle-income clients. These individual and corporate customers can come from both Mexico and the United Arab Emirates. This is one of the points that should be taken into account by senior executives. To attract a greater number of clients, the company should increase public awareness about its new offerings. In particular, the company should focus on the availability of flights to the new destination. Additionally, they should provide information about the potential sites that can be of great interest to tourists. For instance, affluent customers coming from Mexico may be interested in visiting Emirates Palace, Etihad Towers, and so forth. In turn, Emirati visitors may go to various destinations such as the Marietas Islands. These are some of the strategies that should be considered by management. In total, there will be one direct flight from Abu Dhabi to Mexico City, and two connected flights. Forecasted revenue At this point, it is rather difficult to determine the revenues that the company can derive from this policy. However, there are certain approximate estimations that the management should consider. In particular, one should take into account that 3000 workers and 50 000 employees from Mexico come to the United Arab Emirates ( Shaikh Muhammad receives Mexican Foreign Secretary, 2014). A significant percentage of these individuals can come to Abu Dhabi. Additionally, the company may expect to serve at least 11 percent of these customers. It should be noted that nine major companies serve this destination, and one can assume that the market share of these corporations will be approximately equal. Additionally, the company may charge about $ 1, 277 for a one-way ticket. In this case, one should speak about the economy class. In turn, a round trip will cost about $ 2.000. Given these data, the company will derive about $ 11 777 777 only from Mexican tourists. It should be noted that these projections are based on the premise that clients will choose only economy-class tickets. Additionally, the company may quickly increase its market share. These are some of the main details should be taken into account while assessing the profitability of this policy. Price of the product Whi
Introduction Reliability and validity are important characteristics of the test tools used in the research. Depending on the goals of the research team, different approaches can be utilized. The current paper reviews three research studies in the field of special education in order to identify the means of establishing the validity and reliability of the involved test instruments. Analysis The study by Kratz et al. (2015) is aimed at the evaluation of the test tools proposed for implementation in the special education setting. The test instrument used by the research team was the Classroom Cohesion Survey (CSS) intended to evaluate the interaction between the classroom assistants and teachers involved in the interaction with children with an autism spectrum disorder. The reliability and validity of this tool were determined by analyzing the data obtained from a sample of teachers and classroom assistants participating in a two-year fee-for-service contract. It should be noted that the development process of the CSS included several precautionary measures aimed at increasing its validity. More specifically, the survey design was based on the review of the literature on cohesion, which increases the relevance of the included information. The conclusions were also adjusted in accordance with the available classroom observations in order to increase the focus of the study. The survey was then tested by teachers outside the target sample. In this way, confusing and irrelevant points could be detected and modified to avoid inconsistencies in the obtained data. A separate tool, Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), was introduced to measure the level of burnout of the sample population. The tool in question was designed specifically for teachers, which allowed using it to determine convergent validity with cohesion (Kratz et al., 2015). The fidelity of the tool can be further corroborated by the utilization of the STAR program used for coding the video observations. The robustness of the program is ensured through a combination of three components grounded in the principles of applied behavior analysis. The resulting fidelity observations were used to establish the predictive validity of the survey (Kratz et al., 2015). The criteria and metrics of validity were designed using the respective manuals and verified by the experts in the field to confirm that the implementation was aligned with the original vision of the developers. Importantly the research assistants who handled the data were unaware of the characteristics of the observed groups and the level of experience of the teachers as well as the research hypotheses. In this way, the part of the procedure was effectively blinded which prevented the introduction of researcher biases in the process (Ary, Jacobs, Irvine, & Walker, 2014). The statistical analysis was performed in several steps. First, exploratory analyses were conducted to determine the be