ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract The increasingly competitive airline industry has in recent years experienced significant changes brought about by technology and innovations. Etihad has not been spared by the rush towards innovation to increase competitive advantage and gain market share. The company has adopted innovative strategies that have given it a competitive edge over the rivals. Innovation comes with costs with the airline industry planning to invest more than $11 billion in the next few years to ensure that the companies stay close to their customers (Hogan 2013). This study examines Etihad Airline innovations that have seen the company emerge among the fastest growing companies facilitated by innovation. Introduction Dubai is among the global locations that are on the forefront in the effort to offer the citizens a technological platform that enables the individuals to communicate and conduct businesses on the internet. The government has ensured that telecommunication infrastructure is available. The advancement of technology in Dubai has enable airline companies including Emirates and Etihad to offer its customers unmatched experiences. Etihad Airlines has been among the most successful airlines on the innovation front. Main Body The year 2013 saw Etihad make the most innovative moves in increasing its growth and global presence. The company avoids traditional airline model and heritage alliances adapted by many of its competitors. The president and chief executive of the company, James Hogan in an address in Sydney announced a novel business model for the company. He described the company as one that is inimitable. He revealed a unique strategy of developing scale via organic growth. The innovation includes code-sharing collaborations with other airlines and increasing alternative equity investments in like-minded airlines. There exists evidence in the airline industry that the traditional airline model is no longer viable approach to doing business in the 21 st century. Hogan asserts that heritage airline coalitions in the industry environment require radical departure from traditional mode and drastic variation is compulsory for companies that wish to remain relevant. A viable future for the aviation industry depends on a gallant vision and concerted effort to break from tradition and prior practices (Travel & Tour, 2013). For airlines to reach global markets, it is beyond any single company to effectively handle the challenge in isolation. Partnerships are hence inevitable. Among the innovative moves made by the CEO, Hogan announced that the company would have more than 40 code-partners and 6 equity partners. This offers the company an opportunity to be accessed by 95 million customers. Additionally, the move will enable the company to offer the customers access to 410 destinations globally. The partnerships with other airlines enable the customers the access to the services of more than five hundred contemporary aircrafts. The move ensures that the company can invest in other strategic innovations since it does not use substantial amount of
Alvar Aalto was born in Kuortane, Finland. His father, Johan Henrik Aalto, was a Finnish-speaking land-evaluator, and his mother, Selly Matilda was a postmistress. By the time Aalto was 5 years old, the family migrated to Alajärvi and then from there to Jyväskylä in Finland. Aalto was educated at the Lyceum School. He finished his foundation education in 1916. In 1916 he then registered to learn structural design at the Helsinki University of Technology. He graduated in 1921 and in 1923, he went back to Jyväskylä and opened his first structural design workplace. In a subsequent year, married designer Aino. Their wedding ceremony expedition to Italy preserved a brain bond with the way of life of the Mediterranean region. That remained significant to most of Aalto’s life. After this, Aalto transferred his office to Turkey in 1927 and started performing together with designer Erik Bryggman. The office was again transferred in 1933 to Helsinki. The couples designed and constructed a combined house-office between 1935 and 1936 in Munkkiniemi. Later on between 1954 and 1956, they built offices in the same neighborhood with a purpose. Alvar and Aino had two kids. That is a daughter called Johanna delivered in 1925 and a young man Hamilkar delivered in 1928. In 1926, the young couples designed and built a summer small house in Alajärvi, Villa Flora. The wife died due to cancer in 1949. In 1952, Aalto again married designer Elissa Mäkiniemi who later passed away in 1994. She worked as a subordinate in his office. In 1952 Aalto designed and built a summer small house popularly known as Experimental House. The house was for him and his wife in Muuratsalo in Finland. The great architect, Alvar passed away in 1976 (Schildt 1994). Alvar Aalto who had a lifespan of seventy-eight years was a Finnish designer. Sometimes he was known as the founder of modernity in Scandinavian nations. The task comprised structural design, furnishings, fabrics, and glassware. He was also well known for his sturdy collaboration with the Ahlström-Gullichsen family unit. Finnish designer Alvar was a founder of innovation. He ranked alongside prominent persons like Le Corbusier and Mies Rohe. In his initial United Kingdom display, Aalto’s work was exhibited in the presence of modern Japanese designer, Shigeru Ban. The exhibition inspected the progression of Aalto’s architectural fashion. It was attributing replicas, sketches, pictures, and artifacts from fourteen of his key projects. These were built mostly in Finland, Denmark, and across Scandinavia. Spanning six decades, the attributed projects comprised Paimio T.B hospital between 1929 and 1933, Holiday-home Mairea between 1938 and 1939, and AA-System residences between 1937 and 1945. Others were the Investigational House between 1952 and 1953, the North Jutland Art Museum between 1958 and 1972, and the improvement of the metropolitan center for Seinäjoki between 1952 and 1987 (Schildt 1994). Holiday-home
Introduction A city layer is a complex phenomenon. It demonstrates how people evolved but remained unchanged in their primary needs such as safety, control, entertainment, etc. Even as they get obsessed with erecting megastructures and findings new ways to obtain more power and get more entertained, the initial need for security is not eradicated, as the number of options for seeking force and safety as well increases. Still, the city layer is closely connected to the complexity of human life in modern society. The phenomenon of the urban layer in the thriller “Inception” One of the best ways to obtain an in-depth understanding of this concept is to investigate it through the prism of The Inception, the 2010 thriller shot by Christopher Nolan. Just like the movie, the phenomenon of the city layer is complicated to apprehend from the first reading, as long hours of thorough reflections are needed to become aware of the ideas mentioned both in The Stack and The Inception. To begin with, the motion picture explores the differences between people in the dream world and real-life (Welch par. 8). However, this dream world is created using the newest technologies, which make it possible to produce multilayered dreams, i.e. dreams within dreams (Fleming 166). The whole construction resembles the idea of a city as a layer incorporating reversible grids, the newest Cloud technologies, and non-stop building up, which leads to the “disappearance of the outside” (Bratton 151) making it hard to draw the line between the past and the future. Another element of the city layer is its exposure to control, a constant mix of security and entertainment in cases when it is impossible to make the distinction between being controlled or entertained (Bratton 155). Just like the city layer, The Inception and the dream world are the territories of both security and fun. Even though the plot of the movie is far from entertaining, the very idea of people, who can control one’s minds and dreams, is very similar to the concept of the urbanized airport as an element of the city layer – a megastructure, which is divided into numerous blocks designed for different purposes known only to those who constructed them (Bratton 156, 178; Jones par. 2). Conclusion Moreover, the city as a layer is a totality. It is fragile and can be destroyed at any moment because of the excessive dependence on technologies and smartness. That is why some real forces are necessary – those, which point to actual opportunities and problems (Bratton 160). This assumption is closely connected to the existence of the totem in The Inception – a little object, which is the only way to determine a current position of a leading hero and find out whether he is in the real world in a dream (Child par. 5). This reality check is a combination of economic factors such as the division of labor, production, consumption, and unemployment level, as they are valuable for signaling any potential hardships and the risks of catastrophes. Finally, the idea of envelope and apparatus, i.e. continuing construction with the understanding of its influence on a user, is closely connected
Culture is set of different symbols, the way symbols carry different meaning to everyone and are intrinsically meaningless unless a human being gives importance and explanation to it a culture does the same. Culture can be”understood as systems of symbols and meanings that even their creators contest, that lack fixed boundaries, that are constantly in flux, and that interact and compete with one another” . It covers all believes and activities that are not transmitted and not learnt in most of the cases. World is a set of different cultures and culture has been defined differently in every culture. Some anthropologists say that culture is merely a set of social behaviors and others think that artifacts, dance or music, theatre and fashion constitute culture. Culture has arrived from a Latin word which means ‘cultivate’ so in simple words cultivating believe or a practice helps it become a culture. (Douglas 2). Culture as defined by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) is, “the set of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual and emotional features of society or a social group and that it encompasses in addition to art and literature, lifestyles, ways of living together, value systems, traditions and beliefs.” Culture has been described as a set of six dimensions and “All of these are learned, composed of systems of symbols, are social (beliefs and behavior, not human individuals) and not transmitted or stored by genes. Each cultural or social dimension is like a mathematical dimension in space (height, depth, width) in that they are analytical qualities, not empirical; the removal of any one dimension, by definition, removes all dimensions”.( Hofstede 159-181)” which includes technology, economy, political, institutional, values, and worldview. Through these six dimensions a culture is practiced and that is how things keeps on getting cultivated and makes a culture stronger and stronger. Due to a few factors like regional cultural imperialism, fear of cultural homogenization, and globalization it has become very important to discuss and delineate different culture precisely and this way the specificity of cultures may be maintained. There have been a lot of research on culture but the concept of it is still not crystal clear. It is getting confusing with the dimensions of it though they are merely the dimensions and one dimension should not be called culture but rather a part or a way of presentation of culture. There are different cultures in the world and they have been getting fostered by different scholars with t
Introduction The main objective of the research thesis will be analysis of distinctive music based on the concepts of tone, composition, and literary styles. Also, the paper will identify sound effects such as ambient sound within the musical score incorporated to complete other effects such as digenetic sounds dependent on sight upon hearing within different cultures. The objective captures the musical composition by Philip Glass in “ The Hours ” film and Anton Karas in “ The Third Man ” film on the significance of these compositions and distinguish unique characteristics in each. Besides, the treatise identifies literary styles such as repetition, rhyme, and esthetic functionality to create right mood and support various themes narrated in motion picture films. Literature Review Introduction Music expression in motion picture films assumes different models which often operate simultaneously. Overtime, various authors have investigated these models. Interestingly, these models share same components on the basis of listener, performer, and composer. This part elaborates and comprehensively expands the understanding of significance of musical composition and soundtracks in motion picture films to create an elucidated and in-depth interrelationships existing between image motion and music in the background. Anton Karas’ composition in the film “ The Third Man ” Anton Karas performed the score in the film “ The Third Man” . This composition include zither instrument sound common in the late 1940s and early 1950s. In order to depict the mood of the post Second World War in Vienna, the narrative to the film “ The Third Man” demanded appropriate music away from the usual heavy schmaltzy mixed with ‘orchestral waltzes’. Since Anton Karas music consists of fascinating jangling music of melancholy nature, Reed adopted this kind of music for the score of the film “ The Third Man”. Also referred to as “The Harry Lime Theme”, this instrumental composition by Anton formed the sole soundtrack for the entire film. Zither composition appreciated culture of Vienna at the time of its release. Reflectively, this composition was a melody modification from a practice book. Released as a single, this composition had the “Harry Lime theme” on side A, and “Café Mozart Waltz” on side B 1 . Philip Glass composition in the film “ The Hours” An American born composer, Philip Glass is recognized for his contribution in classical music composition in the 20 th century. Philip’s composition is controversially referred to as minimalist. As a soundtrack composer in the film “ The Hours” , Philip presents himself as an author of repetitive structured music which has stylistically evolved over time. The background music for the film “ The Hours” presents a prolific composition which ensembles symphonies, chamber music, and operas 2 . This romantic and lyrical style played out in the film score for the motion picture film “ Th
It is necessary to fully understand the fundamental difference between the concepts of a leader and a regular employee in any field. While the head of the company is most often focused on the internal financial processes, a good leader understands the paramount importance of employees in any enterprise. The ideal leader sees the potential in every person and helps them develop to the maximum while working with them in the same direction instead of putting pressure. The policy of actions of flawed leaders can lead to more than unpleasant consequences for all sides of any business. Unfortunately, imperfect leaders in our time can be found a lot in any field. Bad experiences can happen on any level, from personal to global. It is particularly difficult to single out a specific person without personal experience and hard evidence, but statistics show an extremely high proportion of unscrupulous people in high positions. According to available data, the owner of Ali Express online retailer, Jack Ma, can be cited as an example. Plenty of evidence suggests that most of the items available to order are made by underage children from the poorest parts of the world. With the tacit consent of Jack Ma, many thousands of people are being exploited for minimal pay and terrible living conditions. It is an example of a person who is not only a bad leader but intentionally contributes to the violation of human rights. One of the biggest problems, in this case, is the lack of empathy and humanism. A bad leader always looks at people through the prism of a solid resource and cheap labor. It is difficult for an imperfect leader to hear and understand a person’s intentions through the prism of ignorance and selfishness. It is the absolute wrong approach, leading to nothing but a dead end. However, it should be noted that any statement in this vein is a serious accusation and requires additional thorough collection and analysis of data. The exploitation of people in any level of relationship, from business to politics, cannot lead to a successful and fulfilled conclusion. The best people and professionals will not tolerate such an attitude and quickly find a replacement with better conditions. The main mistake of many leaders in any business is an overly egocentric picture of the world and a tendency to immoral exploitation of people’s resources.
Background of the Company Established in 1903 by Henry Ford, the Ford Motor Company has expanded its operations into different global locations and consumer markets making it one of the best known brands in the world. Unfortunately, within the U.S., Ford Motors has been experiencing an influx of competition from local and international brands that focus on affordability and gas mileage as their means of competing against ford (Brown, 2006). Evidence of this can be seen in the growing demand in local markets for foreign made cars that are cheaper than locally made cars. Image 1. Ford Rander Sales. As it can be seen from the graph, Ford Motors has been experiencing a steep decline in the amount of vehicles sold under its ranger brand which is unfortunately endemic in its other brands as well (Hartley, 2008). While car models from Ford always rank the highest in terms of horsepower and appearance; they unfortunately rank the lowest in terms of affordability. It is based on this that the company is currently evaluating its operational infrastructure in order to develop a means of more affordable production while at the same time meeting the stringent quality standards that it holds itself too (Hartley, 2008). Ford Benefitting from Kelly Services When examining the case of Ford Motors, it becomes immediately apparent that what the company needs is a considerable degree of operational flexibility in order to meet the shifting demands of present day consumers while at the same time maintain the viability of its operations from a financial standpoint. Basically, the company would need to shift operations “at the drop of a hat” so to speak when it comes to satisfying consumer demand or reducing operations due to ill timed shifts in the market as a direct result of economic instability as seen during the 2008 financial crisis which adversely affected the sales of the company. One possible solution to this apparent need was presented by Tan, Denton, Rae & Chung (2013) who stated that in order for a company to achieve extreme levels of flexibility in its operations, it would need to have a human resources approach that allows it to increase or reduce employees at will depending on what the company needs at an given production quarter. The approach suggested would be to shift its current permanent workforce into one that is on a contractual basis. The effectiveness of this approach was seen in SM Supermalls which was featured recently on several prominent websites due to errors in the type of message that was being broadcast by one of their products which cast the company in a negative light. Further examination of the company’s operations reveals that it utilizes workers on a 3 to 6 month contractual basis and increases or reduces them as needed. This enables the company to respond to the increased influx of customers during the holiday season by hiring m
Crime and criminals have been in existence for as long as man has been. However, there is no distinct line dividing men as either being criminals or virtuous (Darrow & Baatz, 2009). Siegel (2010) defines crime as any act that is forbidden by the law of the land, and should be sufficiently serious to call for penalties for its commission. Surprisingly, punishment for a crime is not so much because the act is good or bad but due to the fact that a law has been violated. Virtually all countries of the world have varying rates and types of crimes within and sometimes across the boarders. There are numerous crimes committed in the United States of America and may vary from state to state (Jebb, 2011). This report will focus on crime in Virginia in terms of the nature and trends of crime in the state. These will then be compared with national trends. A historical analysis of the crime trends, peaks, valleys, and plateaus of crime trends by year will also be provided. The differences and similarities between crime trends in Virginia and national figures will be explained using relevant theories. The report will also describe and explain regional differences within Virginia. The possible real solutions to some of the crime problems in Virginia will then be suggested. Nature of Crime in Virginia In terms of population, Virginia is the 12 th largest state in America with a total number estimated as about 8 million people (Shahidullah, 2008). It is bordered to the east by Washington, D.C. and to the north by Maryland State; by the Atlantic Ocean to the east. North Carolina and Tennessee is to the south of Virginia while Kentucky is found on the western border of the state. West Virginia is to the north and west. The state of Virginia has five major geographical regions. From the west, there is Cumberland Plateau, Ridge and Valley, Blue Ridge Mountains, Piedmont, and Tidewater to the east (Paynich & Hill, 2009). According to the 2010 census, non-Hispanic White constitutes the largest proportion, about 64.8%, of the population in Virginia. Black or African American, on the other hand, constitutes about 19.4%. Crime Trends in Virginia versus National