ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Optimal Patient’s Healthcare Experience Each person has certain values and beliefs that shape his/her personal and professional life. At that, it is also possible to adopt certain beliefs and values, to ensure effective functioning and achievement of professional goals. As far as the creation of an optimal patient’s healthcare experience, the health care professional should have the following values: focus on compassion, cultural competence and holistic aspects. Any health care practitioner should remember that patients need specific care and compassion as they are often in pain and rather lost in their fears concerning their health or even life. Dewar and Nolan (2013) argue that compassionate relationships with patients are vital for the delivery of high-quality health care services as they result in a faster healing process. The focus on cultural competence is also critical as health care professionals should understand that their patients may have different views on various aspects, and it is essential to address these cultural difference to make sure that the patient understands the benefits and hazards associated with different treatment plans and procedures (Kirmayer, 2012; Jeffreys, 2015). Finally, the focus on the holistic aspects is crucial as it enables the health care practitioner to improve the patient’s mood, emotional and physical state. Some non-traditional procedures should become a part of health care services delivery. Interprofessional Teams When it comes to working within interprofessional teams, the health care professional should have the following beliefs. First, the belief in the scientific approach is critical as it enables practitioners to have a similar approach to various issues. The use of this paradigm allows professionals to collaborate effectively and follow particulars steps when addressing a problem (Douglas & Singh, 2014). Secondly, practitioners should share the belief that biomedical, social and spirituals aspects of people’s health are equally important. Health care professionals should try to address all the three elements to ensure the patients’ well-being and health. Thirdly, the belief that the diversity of the US society is one of its strengths can help health care professionals collaborate effectively through working in interprofessional (and often cross-cultural) teams (Purnell, 2014). Practitioners will share views and knowledge that can help them deliver health care services in a more efficient way. Importantly, people pertaining to different cultural backgrounds, who are culturally competent and ready to learn more, will inevitably take into account all the three elements of health, which will result in better outcomes for the patient. US Health Care System As to the entire system and the provision of adequate health care services to everyone, it is possible to consider the following beliefs. Americans’ “strong belief in capitalism” makes them see health care as “an economic good” rather than a public resource, which leads to the inequality as people having different income have access to different types of health
Aristophanes play Lysistrata tells the story of a young woman who makes a difference in her community by convincing the other women to stand together to stop the Peloponnesian War. Lysistrata decides that if she can get the women together and have them all withhold sex until the men stop fighting, the war will end. To accomplish this, she first must get all the women of Athens to agree and then must convince the women of Sparta. As an extra measure, the women take the Acropolis where the State Treasury is kept and hold it, as well as their own personal citadels, against the men until peace is declared. Although the play is intended to be a comedy, it seems Aristophanes intended to portray women in a stronger light than they were typically given credit for. This could be traced through his description of Lysistrata as a female leader, the way the women were successful in bringing about love rather than war and in the way that Aristophanes used the theme of weaving as a metaphor for the important job of women in society. Lysistrata refuses to accept her role as a ‘mere’ woman, particularly as the war continues to drag on and the people at home are suffering from the lack of young men and attention to other important aspects of life. Throughout the play, Lysistrata continues to insist that women are just as smart and wise as men and therefore equally as capable of making necessary political decisions. Even the means by which she acquired her knowledge is similar to the way in which men gained their knowledge in this time period. “I am but a woman; but I have good common sense; Nature has endowed me with discriminating judgment, which I have yet further developed, thanks to the wise teachings of my father and the elders of the city.” Like all the men and boys in her society, Lysistrata learned her knowledge in the most traditional way, by learning from the words of older men. To me, there is no difference between her form of education and what I know of Greek education for boys and her arguments, particularly as she lists them out against the men near the end of the play, are logical, coherent and irrefutable. The women also show a great deal of strength as a combined force. Although several women are caught sneaking out of the Acropolis to return home, including one woman who hides a helmet under her clothing to pretend she is pregnant, the women as a whole manage to stand firm against the men who insist upon entering the temple. In attempting to control the politics of the situation, the women take on the role of the men and effectively put the men in their place. The chorus of women makes their case to the citizens by first pointing out how women were important idealized elements of society through their childhood and coming to the reasonable conclusion that their advice is necessary. “I have useful counsel to give our city, which deserves it well at my hands for the brilliant distinctions it has lavished on my girlhood … So surely I am bound to give my best advice to Athens. What matters that I was born a woman, if I can cure your misfortunes? I pay my share of tolls and taxes, by giving men to the State. But you, you miserable greybea
Since 9/11, security has become a major issue in the United States of America. For the last ten years, security has become one of the top priorities of the US government. Airports, sea ports, government departments and even private institutions have planned and implemented security programs all over the country to ensure the protection of the citizens of the United States of America. Airports are the main gates used by most of the travelers to enter a state from abroad or to travel from one city to another within a country. In this era of war, terrorism and retaliation, airports have to strictly monitor the individuals entering or leaving the country through air travel. The attacks of 9/11 have increased pressure on the aviation authorities of almost all the countries in the world including the US to manage and monitor the flow of passengers using air travel. Managements of airports all over the United States have revamped and implemented tight security programs to tackle the problem of potential terrorists entering the US. A few days after the 9/11 attacks, Congress passed the Aviation and Transport Security Act. Later, Transportation Security Administration (TSA) was established. In accordance with TSA, government employees were given the charge of airport security all over the country. The TSA has implemented programs for screening passengers and the baggage that they carry. X-rays scanners, metal detectors, and bomb detectors were initially used for the screening. Later on, during 2010, full body scanner, pat downs and strip searches were also introduced by the TSA which led to much rage and criticism amongst the passengers (Bajoria). Some questions were raised by experts over the effectiveness of such security programs which led to the introduction of profiling. Profiling uses the available information about the passengers to judge whether they are low risk or high risk. Information such as behavior, criminal record, ethnicity, religion and travelling history is used to determine the level of risk of a passenger. High risk passengers are questioned and made to go through full body scans or pat downs. Low risk passengers usually face lesser problems during their journey from the entrance of the airport to the waiting lounge. Profiling and security screening at the airports of the US as well as other western countries have become hot topics of debate all over the international media. This study aims to discuss some pros and cons of profiling and security screening at the US airports, but the main emphasis will be laid on the shortcomings of such programs. It has been witnessed that the policies implemented by powerful governments are presented to the general public in a way which either keeps them from questioning it or convinces them to allow the authorities to discriminate a particular group of people. Well, it’s not enough to write a sentence and then expect the reader to understand and analyze the whole situation withou
Introduction Researchers carry out studies to verify or disapprove a range of hypotheses (Creswell 2008, p. 8). Depending on the subject of study, a researcher makes use of a study design that best suits their research objectives (Gauch 2003, p. 3). One such design of the study is the randomized control trial (RCT), which is mostly used in medical research. Rai, Cohen, Dave, and Regan (1997, pp. 253-256) sought to determine the effects of aspirin and aspirin plus heparin in pregnant women. The findings of this study are reported in an article titled Randomised Controlled Trial of Aspirin and Aspirin plus Heparin in Pregnant Women with Recurrent Miscarriage Associated with Phospholipid Antibodies (Rai et al. 1997, pp. 253-256). The article was published in 1997 in the British Medical Journal. In the study, Rai et al. (1997, p. 253) make use of the RCT methodology. In this paper, an analysis is made of the efficacy of the said method of research. The author of this paper is of the opinion that RCT allows for the efficient determination of a preferred medical treatment. In this paper, the RCT methodology is analysed against the study by Rai et al. (1997). The strengths and weaknesses of this research methodology are analysed, together with their impacts on the study by Rai et al. (1997). The current essay examines the features that characterise the research methodology employed by Rai et al. (1997, pp. 253-256). Thus, the underlying principles of each feature of RCT are analysed. The essay examines whether Rai et al. (1997, pp. 253-256) successfully implemented each of the features or not. Further, the paper examines the objectives of the study by Rai et al. (1997). In addition, the constraints affecting the outcomes of the study are outlined. In conclusion, the appropriateness of RCT, both in the context of the study by Rai et al. (1997) and in the general medical research, is analysed. Randomised Control Trial in the Context of the Study by Rai et al. (1997) Introduction to RCT and its Advantages Ranjith (2005, p. 387) points out that RCT is one of the most preferred experimental designs in medical research. The study establishes experimental and control groups by randomly selecting participants. Such a study creates a distinction between the two groups based on their respective outcomes. Different randomised categories differ with regards to how they are handled by the researcher (Ranjith 2005). In RCT, the researcher examines whether a particular medical intervention is applicable to the population affected by a given condition or not. RCT is associated with a number of advantages. For instance, the research method has minimal spurious causality. In addition, there is less bias when t
In Chapter four of her book, Social Constructionism , Vivian Burr discusses the Foucauldian concept of discourse. The author infers that we are created through knowledge. It is often argued that the knowledge we encounter (our experiences) defines who we are. If this is the position, would it not be in order to infer that those who controlled our experiences earlier on in life had enormous power? Burr argues that discourse hinges on information or conversation. In the case of a child within a family, the knowledge that he/she possesses relies on a few individuals. The child’s identity is thus created by these few people. All that such a child gets to know is what those around him/her communicate. Discourse encompasses knowledge and power. The power of discourse is due to the causal manner in which we accept the reality facing us. In addition, people in power decide what we discuss and who we are. Institutions such as schools, churches and the government teach what society has com e to regard as the ‘right’ way. In light of this, Foucault contends that people are able to internalise these ‘right’ ways as ‘truths’ and as a result, they do not question them. Foucault referred to these ‘truths’ as discourses. In addition, Foucault further opined that individual who were in a position to manipulate such discourses also possessed power. To him, there is a thin line between power and knowledge. Discourse also helps to create morality, truth, and meaning. Burr further contends we view the world in a certain way largely due to discourse. The frequent repeating of certain acts makes them to become conventional. Consequently, people begin to take them for granted. This also applies to the relations that we share with others. As such, we empower certain ways of doing things and in the process, give power to some things so that alternative ways of doing things appear nonsensical. By examining Foucault’s idea of ‘disciplinary power’, Burr argues that our individual monitoring processes controls who we are. For example, in the past, the American discourse was largely dominated by the notion of individualism. Consequently, those who were seen to oppose the idea of individualism (‘communists’) were regarded as evil people. As such, the idea of discourse in the educational setting will in the end perpetuate “normative” and “good” morals. Once such values have been stressed, individuals who have not embraced such values are implicitly marginalized. In Chapter eight of the book, Burr examines the issues of value-freedom and objectivity with respect to the social constructionist setting. The conventional research paradigm of science permits a researcher to view scientific procedures with objectivity and in the process, lay claim to the truthfulness of their research findings. On the other hand, the social constructionist setting is only part of the discourse through which a given vision, human life and version can be constructed. Perhaps that is why scientists are seen to criticize the works of others and at the same time, defend their work. To a social constructionist, objectivity is sometimes seen as
Mrs. Luella Bates Washington reacts in a different way than what Roger expects after he tries to steal her purse. Roger’s attempt to steal money from her is thwarted by his fall. The lady manages to hold Roger by his shirt and pulls him to her house. From then onwards, Roger has to follow everything Mrs. Washington tells him to do. The story illustrates how children who are deprived in society are tempted to engage in criminal activities just to survive. Roger personifies children lured into crime because of the harsh circumstances they are facing (McMahan et al. 541). Mrs. Washington intends to help the boy realise that there is a better way to get something apart from stealing. She discourages the boy from stealing people’s purses as a way to earn a living. Mrs. Washington manages to care for the boy even though he has wronged her. She takes him to her house where she makes him wash his face. ”I got a great mind to wash your face for you. Ain’t you got nobody home to tell you to wash your face?” (McMahan et al. 541). The lady takes time to understand the circumstances that have made the boy engage in petty theft. As she is holding him tight, she observes his face and body structure. She realizes that the boy needs help because of the hardships he is going through at the moment (McMahan et al. 541). Her demeanor intimidates the boy, who expects a severe punishment from her. However, even though her tone is stern and menacing, she still takes the responsibility of letting the boy wash his face before advising him to stay away from crime. Mrs. Washington takes responsibility for the boy’s plight and manages to show him, love. She teaches the boy proper social and moral codes, which everyone in the society needs to follow. The boy gets to understand that stealing is not the only way a person can get what he wants. She wants to make a positive impact on the boy and the only way she can do this is by being stern and uncompromising. “When I get through with you, sir, you are going to remember Mrs. Luella Bates Washington.” (McMahan et al. 541). She makes the boy sit after washing his face before she tells him to have supper with her (McMahan et al. 541). Mrs. Bates’s approach makes the boy attentive and he gets to learn that he needs to make the right choices in life. Mrs. Bates reveals to Roger that she did wrong things in the past but she managed to turn her life around and become a good person. She makes Roger understand that it is human nature to crave for things that we are not able to get. Roger gets to understand that he needs to be more responsible for his actions. The story teaches us to take time to understand a situation first before making any rash decisions. Roger personifies deprived children who are tempt
Flamingo Dance otherwise known as Flamenco dance is of a Spanish origin being developed from cante or songs of Andalucia, and is also believed to include some Indian and Arabic cultures. This is a very expressive dance in nature and it involves movement of the whole body but more specifically the hands in such a way that the audience can follow and understand the whole dance. This dance also plays a very important role in the preservation of the dance culture. This is a form of dance that is only performed in very specific places mostly by dancers who have a Spanish origin. One of the key things about this dance is that it is performed on very specific genre of music compared to many other dances that can fit in with any music. The dance can be performed by a single dancer but it is more expressive when performed by a pair mainly male and female. One of the requirements of a Flamenco dancer is physical fitness; one needs to be very flexible and swift so as to get the steps right and bring out the concept. Most of the choreographers and performers of this form of dance have mostly got the influence from their parents or close relatives. This helps in the preservation of the originality of the dance but the unfortunate thing is that other people do not get a chance to really get a challenge that would motivate them to learn the dance. One of the main body movements in flamenco dance involved the simultaneous movement of the foot and the hand back and forth and this has to be expressed by the whole body as well. This requires that the dancer understands the concept of the song and is able to express it in form of action and this means that one also has to be very good in sign language. Its performance is also limited by the space and so this necessitates that the dancers have ample space so as to bring out the action fully especially if they are dancing in pairs; this means it cannot be performed in a place with minimal space. Flamenco dance comes with a lot of limitations and restrictions as it is not a form of dance whose performance time can be minimized for it has to be completed to bring out the intended message; this means that it cannot be performed in avenues where there is a time limit. The dancers of Flamenco should be able to capture the attention of the audience fully and this is ach
Introduction Societies across the world value school education. It is crucial to note that parental instructions come before school education. Besides, it is expected to continue even after one is done with schooling. Therefore, parental education may be more important than we think. Childhood is a crucial period that can affect the later pathway in one’s life. Parenting shapes and influences children’s cognition capacity, understanding, and their level of interaction with the environment and other people. Therefore, one would expect all children to have good parenting. However, the realistic situation might not be as optimistic as we think. Due to a huge amount of accidental pregnancies, some people are forced to be parents even when they are not ready at all to take such positions. Nevertheless, there is a need to identify the best parenting styles that can positively influence children’s lives. Societies have noticeable differences in parenting styles. For example, North American parenting styles differ from those of Chinese parents. The two societies have different historical and cultural contexts. Their value systems also determine their mode of parenting. A comparison of the parenting styles in the two societies unveils mechanisms for drawing conclusions concerning the society that has better parenting approaches. North American parents apply the strategy of positive corroboration and congratulating their kids on enhancing their self-worth while not focusing on other areas such as academic performance or their general conduct. However, in line with Parker’s (2014) arguments, this paper argues that Chinese parents’ authoritative parenting methods have made them superior to their North American counterparts since their (Chinese) kids not only excel academically but also demonstrate interdependence and exemplary behaviors. The Notion of Good Parenting Arguing that Chinese parenting styles are better compared to North American approaches requires one to find out whether the idea of good parenting exists in the first place. In fact, this important issue has raised concerns to psychology researchers for a long time. Scholarly research provides evidence of how good parenting affects children. For example, Dallaire, Zeman, and Thrash (2015) reveal how parenting affects children’s characters and personalities and consequently, their pathway in life. Hence, when children are born, they are formless creatures who only gain shape based on the values that parents instill in the
Global warming and global climate change are the main problems that affected the modern community. Beginning in the 1990s, a large body of legislation was enacted by the Canadian government to regulate health, safety, and the environment. Parliament declared that the environment should be clean, highways and consumer products safe, workers protected, and automobiles efficient in gasoline consumption. It set stringent standards and tight timetables and required that standards be “practicable.” While progress has been made, the goals have not been met. Still, surveys show that the public endorses the goals and is concerned about risks to health. Some sort of regulatory reform seems inevitable, but proposals range from one extreme of making it easier for the regulatory agencies to promulgate and enforce regulations to the other extreme of abandoning the regulations and relying on the marketplace. In contrast to many other countries of the world, Canada introduces strict legislation in order to regulate Carbon Emission Industries, namely petroleum, chemicals, and primary metals. Special attention is paid to the coal industry. The flourishing coal industry in Canada, producing perhaps twice the present tonnage by late in this century, will not come about simply because prices are rising. Government policy and behavior deeply affect both coal supply and coal demand. However, supply issues either do not involve especially high costs (for example, strip mine regulations) or do not pose especially novel problems (for example, transportation and communi