ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Analysis The film called “The Terrorist” made in Sri Lanka in 1999 tells a story of a nineteen-year-old girl called Malli that was recruited as a child soldier and then selected as a future suicide bomber for a terrorist group. The film follows the gender factor of the situation very well and presents a series of observations of Malli’s typical female behaviors combined with her professional activities as a soldier and a terrorist. For example, Malli is a romantic; she likes to spend time by the river, looking at the water. When she washes her face, she collects water in her hands and looks at it run through her fingers. Malli often thinks of a young male soldier she once saved during a battle, and how he talked about her long hair. Malli is caring towards Surya, the boy that leads her through the forest to the base of terrorists, she hugs him when he cries, she comforts him when he has bad dreams about his late family members and burnt down the village. She quickly gets emotionally attached to the boy. Malli also enjoys being beautiful, seeing photographs of models she is trying to copy their poses. Malli has a strong maternal instinct, she loves children and animals, and her pregnancy makes her change her attitude towards her mission. At the same time, Malli cold-bloodedly kills and executes people throughout the film, she fully embraces her role as a terrorist and a future “thinking bomb” (Man, 2013). Malli trains, acts, and dresses like a male, she is treated equally with male soldiers in her camp – all of these aspects defy her femininity. Gender can be enforced in terrorism through the oppression of females and limiting their education. Reflection Malli has been recruited to become a soldier since childhood, she never experienced what it is like to be a girl, she never wore beautiful garments and shoes, she never did her hair properly, she never got to express her female nature. Throughout the film “The Terrorist” Malli’s feminine habits keep showing, they gradually become quite strong, they even sometimes take over her trained instincts of a cold-blooded murderer and a soldier. Malli experiences a struggle between two of her sides – the warm and caring woman and the detached and goal-oriented fighter. As soon as the girl enters a new world and gets to talk to kind-hearted farmers, interact with children, and live in peace, her feminine nature starts to wake up which contradicts her mission. Journal Entry Terrorism is one of the most widely discussed issues of the world nowadays, it is studied from various perspective, its different aspects are researched and examined. Gender roles in terrorism are often overlooked and the concept of terrorism rarely is associated with women. Yet, it is a well-known fact that today women play quite an important role in this phenomenon acting as soldiers, spies, and suicide bombers. Many cases of female terrorists have been studied these days, the world knows about y
Fleming (2020) investigates the impact of the western diet and analyzes the existing psychological and physiological outcomes. The article underlines the worth of diets consisting of fresh food, fruits, vegetables, seeds, and seafood highly promoted in Japan and the Mediterranean region. It is necessary to support healthy lifestyle policies at global levels and prevent the growth of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, and some mental illnesses. While the author argues that western diets are dangerous for human health, rejecting them in all populations seems impossible and even irrational. On the one hand, it is correct to admit that the western diet with saturated fats, salt, and sucrose may be harmful for many reasons. Fleming (2020) states that eating sandwiches and milkshakes as a part of the western-style diet affects hippocampal function and causes memory impairments. For example, people on the same diet cannot control their short- and long-term memories and suffer from obesity, hypertension, and diabetes more frequently than those who prefer low-fat and low-sugar products. The quality of food and the frequency of eating determine humans’ physical and psychological conditions. Therefore, the study proves the negative effects of the western diet and prepares the reader to find out the importance of changes. On the other hand, statistical data and the experiment with a control group and an experiment group may not be enough for all populations to stop using harmful food. The author explains that cardiovascular diseases in China have become one
Organisational Change (OC) is a powerful practice in many firms. Organisational Change and Development (OCD) is a critical process aimed at promoting a company’s performance (Doppelt 2010, p. 81). The business environment is never constant. Organisational leaders should identify the best Change Models (CMs) in order to achieve their objectives. Every OC focuses on the best organisational outcomes. However, OC should be a continuous process that produces new practices and strategies in a firm. Every organisational change should ‘improve the level of performance’ (Dunphy, Griffiths & Benn 2007, p. 84). According to Doppelt (2010, p. 83), ‘crises, challenges, and technological changes encourage companies to embrace new business practices’. The OCD theory makes it easier for an organisation to establish new values, objectives, and goals. Individual Learning Our class activities have assisted me throughout the learning process. I have gained new concepts and skills that can support my future career goals. The learning experience encouraged us to describe various issues affecting every organisational change. The lesson also examined the major theories of business development. The third learning outcome included ‘the ability to develop new generic skills such as communication, teamwork, and critical thinking’ (Smith & Rayment 2010, p. 59). The lesson encouraged the class to undertake various presentations and assignments. The written assignments widened my skills as a future organisational leader. The class assignment made it easier for me to analyse the issues associated with every Organisational Change. The Theme Exposition Essay (TEE) equipped me with new ideas in Organisational Change and Development (OCD). The class presentations also improved my interactional and communication skills. Organisational leaders and managers should communicate effectively with their employees. Managers should ‘support the needs of their workers using the best ideas and concepts’ (Smith & Rayment 2010, p. 62). The group presentations encouraged me to embrace new tactics such as critical thinking and ability to work as a team. The class presentation also supported my learning objectives. I evaluated, examined, and applie
Declaration of Independence is a document that is most treasured in United State since it announced independence to American colonies which were at war with Great Britain. It was drafted by Thomas Jefferson back in July 1776 and contained formal explanation of the reason why the Congress had declared independence from Great Britain. Therefore, the document marked the independence of the thirteen colonies of America, a condition which had caused revolutionary war. America celebrates its day of independence on 4 th July, the day when the congress approved the Declaration for Independence (Becker, 2008). With that background in mind, this essay shall give an analysis of the key issues closely linked to the United States Declaration of Independence. As highlighted in the introductory part, there was the revolutionary war in the thirteen American colonies before the declaration for independence that had been going on for about a year. Immediately after the end of the Seven Years War, the relationship between American colonies and their mother country started to deteriorate. In addition, some acts which were established in order to increase tax revenue from the colonies ended up creating a tax dispute between the colonies and the Government (Fradin, 2006). The main reason why the Declaration for Independence was written was to declare the convictions of Americans especially towards their rights. The main aim was to declare the necessity for independence especially to the colonist as well as to state their view and position on the purpose of the government. In addition, apart from making their grievances known to King George III, they also wanted to influence other foreigners like the Franc
Article Summary This article is an assessment of how the host governments’ policies can affect the operations of transnational companies especially when within the territories of the governments. The article discusses how transnational companies can predict the political weather in the host country so as to ensure that there is achievement of the companies’ objectives (Golea, 2009). Strength The strength of the article is the manner it describes how transnational companies can engage in activities that attract the public interest which would then put them on the right side with the politicians of the country. It analyses how cooperation between the companies and the political leadership of the country can result in a favorable environment for business activities to be carried out efficiently. Weakness The article however fails to appreciate the risks that exist when transnational companies overindulge in politics of host countries. This can easily result in a revolt by the public against companies suspected to have corrupted the countries’ politicians. The article fails to realize the real impact the people of a given nation can have on a business that relies solely on the power and influence of the politicians. Conclusion In general the article is a succinct and informative piece of work useful in understanding the different political systems present in different countries of the world. The approaches suggested are practicable.
Executive Removal Powers The President’s power to remove officers is granted by the Article II of the Constitution where it is stated that the President can “nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, [to] appoint… Officers of the United States” (Bradley & Morrison, 2012, p. 476). However, the authors of the study also point out that the Constitution does not provide any express mechanism for the removal of officers other than impeachment (Bradley & Morrison, 2012). Nevertheless, there are several examples of what circumstances are considered as valid when removing an officer. In Bowsher v. Synar, 478 U.S. 714, the officer was removed due to inefficiency and neglect of duty (Bradley & Morrison, 2012). The President’s power to remove officers from a federal executive agency is valid if the officer’s work is inefficient or they neglect their duties. At the same time, this statement did not apply to the independent federal agencies, because the President’s power to remove officers from independent agencies was restricted by the Constitution (Bradley & Morrison, 2012). However, in the case, Myers v. the United States, 272 U.S. 52, the Court agreed that the President had the power to remove the officer, although statutory protections stated otherwise (Bradley & Morrison, 2012). Although the Court states that the Congress is not in the power of removing an officer, the Congress still has the power to “abolish federal offices it had previously created by statute, with the effect of removing the incumbent” (Bradley & Morrison, 2012, p. 480). I believe that inefficiency and neglect of duties are valid reasons for removal only if they are proven to be true. Nevertheless, I also think that Congress should not be allowed to abolish the offices since it automatically leads to the removal of officers. Judicial Review of Administrative Agencies The individuals have the right to seek judicial review of a decision made by an agency. The principles of such review are expressed in the Federal Administrative Procedure Act (APA). The following actions can be seen as unlawful: capricious acts, an abuse of discretion, contrary to constitutional right, power, privilege, “without observance of procedure required by law”, etc. (Cole, 2016, p. 9). These reviews allow the state to ensure the separation of power, e.g. to detect and address violations in the legislative and executive branches in case if there are any exceeds in their authority (Cole, 2016). Therefore, none of the branches has enough power to be seen as the “core branch”, which automatically ensures that this power will not be abused by some representatives or members of the authorities.
Relationships between a doctor and a patient have a great impact on the healing process and well-being of a patient. A set of pre-established rules and expectations directs the course of doctor-patient interactions. There may be some overlap in these interactions with those involving friends and family, but one factor, in particular, differentiates helping relationships from social relationships. A helping relationship is established for the benefit of the healed, whereas kinship and friendship relationships are designed to meet mutual needs. In particular, the doctor-patient relationship is established to help the patient achieve and maintain optimal health. A successful helping relationship between doctor and -patient represents a different order of interaction than that which occurs in a friendship. This is not because of any superiority in the doctor but because of the mutual trust and the responsibilities for assisting others that characterize true professional relationships. It is possible to talk of the narrative structure of biomedical experienced of healing which stipulates the way of treatment and control it. The outcome of the doctor-patient interaction depends on the doctor’s ability to engage the patient in decision-making and share the control and power in the relationship. Doctors build their communication skills by studying and practicing techniques, trial-and-error, observing role models, experience, and gaining comfort with the use of their own intuition. Patients are satisfied when their health care needs have been met and the sense that they have been cared for. Doctors feel a sense of accomplishment when their interventions have had a positive influence on their patients’ health status and when their conduct has been competent and caring. Doctor-patient relationships may be a mutual learning experience, but in general, the goals of therapeutic relationships are directed toward the growth of clients. Each party wants to maintain a sense of personal competency and control. Doctors may gently and indirectly encourage the patients’ participation in problem-solving, whereas a direct order in such a situation would be considered impolite and inappropriate. A complicated balance between considerations of facework and politeness and the necessity for client involvement point to the need for further research to supplement successful intuitive strategies that are difficult to teach. Doctors understand the importance of tact
Introduction Management is a very critical element in every organization irrespective of its size. It is a broad area encompassing various processes such as planning, organizing, coordinating/ directing and controlling, staffing among others, all aimed at ensuring that a given organization is successful in terms of attaining its goals and objectives as well as achieving productivity and profitability. All this is made possible through effective coordination of the management aspects hence allowing for efficiency, effectiveness and economy in all the practices and activities involved. This piece of work looks at the management practices at the Veterans Affairs Medical Centers (VAMC) with much emphasis being given to the management levels involved and the roles they play, the internal and external environment of the organization as well as how the management in the organization contributes to its overall performance. Assess the various management levels and their role in VAMC’s (Veterans Affairs Medical Centers) According to Kitchheimer (2001), there are various management levels in Veterans Affairs Medical Centers all performing different roles which are then combined to bring about the overall success in the organization? The levels of management in VAMC can generally be classified according to the ranks given to the leaders/ managers. There are the top level managers, the middle level managers and the first level managers. The classification is usually based on the authority and importance attached to the managers and the management tasks undertaken. The first level managers are the majority in number followed by the middle level managers while the top level managers are the least. The top level managers in VAMC are charged with the responsibility of overseeing all processes in the organization as well as developing strategic goals, policy and plans. They also mobilize internal and external resources. The middle level managers oversee departmental activities and encourage first level managers to perform better. The first level managers are involved with the coordination of various management
Executive Summary Business enterprises, both profit, and non-profit organisation have adopted outsourcing as a viable way of increasing effectiveness and efficiency. To assess the factors leading to outsourcing, this study delves into the outsourcing strategy used by the University of Wisconsin (UW), as well as the challenges they face in the implementation process. As such, this report is in a position of highlighting the reasons behind adopting alternative outsourcing, and this facilitates understanding of the costs and benefit of such a venture in relation to other institutions as well as the private entities. The findings were attained through a review of literature as well as through an ethnographic study in the school setting, which comprised of students, the staff, and members of legal authorities. This study is consistent with Hirschheim (2009: 19) findings, as it affirms that though the outsourcing companies tend to obtain the same benefits, not all can apply the same outsourcing strategy. This study highlighted how outsourcing in public entities is different from private entities, the benefits and challenges of outsourcing in public entities, as well as recommendation for improving the alternative outsourcing in higher learning institutions. This report brings to light the rationale behind outsourcing services as a business management practice. Introduction In the recent past, outsourcing services have been on the increase, with both profit and non-profit organisations considering it as an effective business managerial practice. The University of Wisconsin (UW) is one of the institutions that have adopted outsourcing services in an effort to increase efficiency in the provision of its services. The application of outsourcing, though, is compounded with many facets. Hence, this necessitates a suitable framework for evaluating the extent to which the university is able to uphold outsourcing as a business managerial practice. As a result, the institution has already interviewed the chief business officers, the purchasing officer, as well as the physical plant directors. More so, a number of interviews have already been conducted with the University’s office of procurement staff, the capital planning /budget staff, and the financial administration staff. However, a successful report on outsourcing for this institution necessitates a review of the literature on outsourcing in higher education institutions. Literature Review A vast majority of the higher education institutions has adopted diverse outsourcing strategies owing to tighter budgets and increased pressure on accountability (Hirschheim 2006: 269). These institutions have taken the approach of outsourcing a number of services, including the provision of food, bookstore operations, laundry services, and air conditioning, among others. A survey carried out in 1999 indicates that outsourcing in the food sector in h
Introduction Masuji Ibuse’s Black Rain is considered a contemporary classic in Japanese literature. Drawing inspiration from real-life accounts of Hiroshima bombing survivors, Ibeki attempts a flashback into that period of history through the main protagonist Shigematsu Shizuma, a survivor and a victim of radiation sickness. Shizuma lives in a small fishing village with his wife Shigenko and their adopted niece Yasuko who they consider their own daughter. Main body At the time of the bombing, Yasuko was rumored to be working at a Hiroshima middle school and by that extension, exposing herself to radiation caused by a black cloud that had swept over the unfortunate city. The title “Black Rain” refers to this radioactive cloud which would bring upon Yasuko the permanent stigma of being a radiation victim and turn her life into a daily struggle against marginalization by Japanese society. Under these conditions, Shizuma feels miserable because of his inability to find a suitable husband for his beloved niece. In a loving desire to redeem her life from such a barren existence, he chances upon her personal journal where she used to write diary-like description of the events surrounding Hiroshima. Taking it upon himself to complete Yasuko’s recollections of the dark days, Shizuma must rewrite the journal to bring to the reader an unmistakable account of the injuries, the horro