ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Apple incorporation is an international company that deals in electronic gadgets, computer software and hardware. Its operations began on 1 ST April 1976 through the efforts of Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak as the founders. Apple incorporation mainly specializes in the manufacture of iPhone, iPod, Macintosh computers and iPad which is the latest computer technology. It is currently the world’s largest technology company and the second largest in the world after Exxon Mobil. Microsoft is a corporation based in America that deals in developing of a vast collection of computer software and licenses. Bill Gates founded it in the year 1975 together with his friend Paul Allen. Its growth was mainly achieved from the famous windows operating systems and their tricky business licensing rights as seen in the MS-DOS. Microsoft is also well known for its most preferred office suite in the world that is commonly used for instance the Microsoft office 2003, 2007, 2010 that are common in the computer market (Coursey, 2009, p.1). Differences Since both deal in the development of operating system a distinction is made in the release and their uses. For instance when Microsoft is producing operating systems they produce one operating system but with several versions of the same. This is seen in windows xp where we have service pack one, two and three or in windows vista home basic, business and ultimate. They produce them in such a way that it’s the same only a few features have been improved or upgraded. Contrary Apple releases are final such that only one operating system with no upgrades. They also ensure that their operating systems give their customers maximum satisfaction. Apple specializes in both hardware and software production in that it manufactures the computer itself and the operating system. The Apple operating systems only function on Mac computers which are produced and distributed by Apple incorporation (Coursey, 2009, p.1). Their operating systems do not function well on other non-Apple computers. Unlike Apple, Microsoft only deals in software production and distribution. They do not produce computers and thereby the sell their software to computer manufacturers such as dell, Hewlett-Packard, Toshiba, Lenovo among others. The computer manufacturers then sell their computer brands with Microsoft operating systems installed. Microsoft operating systems are compatible with almost all computers. This implies that Microsoft operating system can run on any computer in the world today except the Mac. Unlike Microsoft that runs on many computer brands, Apple operating system and software are only meant for Mac computers only. This means that apple products are exclusively meant for Mac computers only. Similarities Both Apple and Microsoft corporations are worldwide companies that deal in the development and distribution of computer software and operating system. The most recent Microsoft operating systems include windows seven, vista and server among others while Apple’s most recent is the Mac OS X v10.6 Snow Leopard (Bleeker, 2010, p.1). The two companies provide sof
Human behavior and attitude are directed by internal processes and more specifically, person’s will to change something in their proximity. Interpersonal communication motivation is one of the key factors that play a significant role in why people communicate and what they accomplish in their life. Interpersonal communication motivation is defined through the reasons and wants to action, a process where a person dynamically develops a plan and it becomes framed by the things that someone does. Some of the key characteristics of motivation in communication are direction, determination, activity, patience and human ability to satisfy what is primary to the individual. A person who has greatly contributed to interpersonal communication motivation theories is Abraham Maslow. His hierarchy of needs explicitly explains why people are motivated to do certain things. It went as far, as to create strict needs that people are driven by in a lifetime. The theory of reasons for communication by Maslow states that people are genetically predisposed to act in a specific and concrete way that is centered on satisfying physiological and psychological needs. External factors or the surrounding environment and the internal needs and wants or personality of a person, set out criteria that guide how a person behaves and what goals they strive towards. One of the most important contributions of Abraham Maslow is the hierarchy of needs. It sets out the specific criteria by which people operate, according to their needs and wants. At the bottom of the pyramid-shaped diagram are the basic needs. These are the primary attributes that are needed for survival, like food, shelter and water. These are characterized as physiological requirements of all people, independent of their age, race or life goals. The next division of needs for a person is the security and protection from any external stimuli. There would be no point for a person to live and be motivated to participate in social relationships if all the food acquired does not lead to security in the home and the surrounding area. Just as important are the needs of the social aspect, such as belonging to a certain group but most crucial in this division is the love and affection of the close relatives and people. It has been proven that everyone, especially children, need to feel wanted and loved, in order for them to grow up confident and healthy individuals. It is understandable that physical survival is vital to a person in the continuation of life but on the other side of the spectrum is the psychological need and want of any person. From these needs stems a great part of interpersonal communication motives (Maslow, 2013). It has been supposed that a person has unlimited potential, so it is possible to assume that reasons for communication can exist in many forms or psychological extensions. One explanation is the amount of times someone was presented with a certain situation or quality which psychologically determined how much they became used to this sort of concept. In turn, this makes it necessary to become a part of behavior through action and want to communicate (Brown, 2007). It is undeniable that peop
In “Population & environment: a progressive, feminist approach,” Laurie Mazur argues that slowing population growth can assist in efforts of building a sustainable and equitable future. Mazur asserts that this can be achieved by “ensuring that all people have the means and the power of making their own decisions regarding childbearing” (para.1). Mazur notes that the environmental crisis currently presents in our world is because of unsustainable systems of production and consumption, and women are on the front lines of the crisis. She calls for the enactment of population policies that take into consideration issues of human rights and social justice. I find the site to be an added voice in raising the alarm of the importance of protecting our planet and ensuring that our resources are equally distributed. However, Mazur’s failure to acknowledge the benefit of some population policies such as “the one-child per human mother” policy amazes me. I chose the website because of the following reasons: first, it addresses the issue of population explosion, which is the lens through which other significant global issues are viewed; second, it also addresses the current environmental crisis that we are facing. The site’s contents are important in helping us understand development and population policies. For example, Mazur says that “they had goals to increase U.S. funding for family planning and reproductive health, provide comprehensive sexuality education in the U.S., and to pass the Global Poverty Act and implement the Millennium Development Goals” (para. 5). Works cited Mazur, Laurie. “ Population & environment: a progressive, feminist approach. ” On the issues . The Issues Magazine. 2009. Web.
Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic issue of late adulthood described by a reduction in glucose take-up from the blood and causing hyperglycemia (high glucose levels). For certain people, this prompts a physiological condition known as “insulin opposition” in which the chemical insulin turns out to be less viable at the process of bringing down glucose. Having acknowledged the significance of the disease and the potential consequences, it is necessary to discuss the management plan for diabetes centers and propose a methodology for data collection. Research Problem The recent findings demonstrate that there has been an increase in number of type 2 diabetes diagnoses. The overall amount of patients affected by the sickness is approximately 415 million people, and diabetes type 2 accounts for the majority of the cases (Chatterjee, Khunti & Davies, 2017). In general, such trends are observed due to the global increase in obesity rates and inactive lifestyles (Chatterjee et al. 2017). Therefore, the affected individuals should change their routine and incorporate exercises and proper diet. Nevertheless, in some cases, medical intervention is necessary, and the current paper attempts to analyze how the diabetes centers and governmental organizations manage the problem. Research Objectives  1. Demonstrate the effects of type 2 diabetes and provide background information on the disease;  2. Discuss the management plans of diabetes centers and critically analyze the frameworks implemented in the hospitals;  3. Examine the existing methodology models and demonstrate the data collection methods. Literature Review As mentioned briefly before, the analyzed disease might cause long-term consequences on the patients. Approximately 33% of insulin opposition will evolve into persistent hyperglycemia and ultimately into type 2 diabetes (Chatterjee et al., 2017). Concerning the management in diabetes centers, the guidelines for healthcare services differ in various parts of the world. For instance, in the US, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) proposes guidelines for working with patients with diabetes (Chamberlain et al. 2017). These recommendations concern the types of diseases, pharmacological treatment, management plans, and even suggest the changes in lifestyles for patients (Chamberlain et al. 2017). From the management point of view, the guidelines provide an effective structure of medical care and stages of therapy (Chamberlain et al. 2017). Overall, the written regulations concerning the management plans might greatly enhance the e
Introduction Evidence-based practice is a new technique in clinical medicine and one of the most effective approaches to treatments. Practitioners combine their medical knowledge with the research evidence available to find an amicable solution to the patient’s conditions. Evidence-based practice in hospitals helps practitioners and patients to develop a close relationship that enhances the process of treatment. In addition, the use of evidence-based practice in handling health problems enhances the research techniques of health practitioners and creates an ideal relationship between medicine and science. Psychiatrists, psychologists, and other professionals who deal with emotional and behavioral disorders have also benefited a great deal from evidence-based practice (Iribarren, et al. , 2005). Researchers continue to provide ideal material necessary to inform the counseling practice of patients suffering from psychological disorders. The purpose of this paper is to present a medical case study by stating how it relates to evidence-based practice. In addition, the paper will analyze evidence-based counseling research that informs the practice of handling the conditions presented in the case study. The Three Patients and Critical Elements That Deserve Attention The case study of this paper involves three patients who present different psychological issues. The three patients present three sets of people in different phases of life, including children, young adults the older generation. Therefore, the case study presents an ideal situation for a clinician to identify the best practice for each of the groups within the health industry. The process of treatment varies from one individual to another, and the age bracket of the patient determines it (Kolar et al. , 2008). Each of the groups presented in the case study, therefore, requires specific and special intervention. Jonathan, a young boy of eight years, suffers from attention deficit, hyperactivity disorder, and oppositional defiant disorder. The parents of the boy are well up people with good jobs and insurance cover to cater for their medical bills, but their intimacy issues affect the well-being of the child. Jonathan has witnessed a dysfunctional relationship between his parents who keep separating and reuniting (Norcross, Hogan & Koocher, 2013). Therefore, the medical practitioner must find a way to deal with Jonathan’s cognitive factors that are the most affected by the poor functionality of his parents. The parents are also rather busy with their careers, thus leaving little to no time for their child. Jonathan needs counseling and psychological treatment to change his perspective of the world, self, and the future. Francesco, on the other hand, is a young adult who suffers from anxiety and has a habit of drug abuse. His problem arises from the threatening working conditions and his lack of a stable social life. He has experienced a failed marriage, and the condition of his work seems to be failing as well. As such, he resolved to excessive drinking to deal with his losses and threatening situations. Francesco is in
Code Switching Code Switching occurs when a person changes their dialects, language or accent. There are several reasons why people prefer to code switch. It may be that they want to express their cultural identity. It may also be done to accommodate other speakers while there are those who do want to accommodate other speakers. In a situation where there are multiple languages being spoken, a bilingual person has to make a choice about which language she or he will speak. It is polite to use a language that accommodates everyone. However there are certain times where the subject matter is sensitive and there is high threat, the bilingual speaker may choose a language that excludes others from participating and contributing to the conversation. There are also those who practice code switching in order to express shared identity. Among the African Americans when they distinguish between Black and White women by using the term girl, they express their solidarity with their ethnic or cultural community. In Belgium, code switching has political aspects. It is a contest to ascertain which individual practiced code switching and who did not. Code switching practices have led countries to declare the official languages in a country in order to promote the assimilation of the people in the country. There are countries that have multiple official languages such as Canada which uses English and French while New Mexico is English and Spanish. The leaders of a country may desire to drive the people to assimilate into the national culture. There are those countries which use certain minority languages as they do want the use of the language to die. The Swahili in Kenya and Irish in Ireland are good examples of the protected minority languages. The Power in the use of labels In life, we generally use certain labels to describe other people. There
Introduction Whether there is value or purpose inherent in our lives, other than that which we ascribe to, has remained a matter of speculation. And if one was to consider the idea of the immortality of the human soul, the possibility of the afterlife and the certitude of our physical death, life becomes an affair of profound perplexity; and at times, one of little value and significance. It is our conscious or unconscious take on these questions that shape our attitude on life and, consequently, how we go about living it. These questions have plagued humanity for a long time and have made the subject of many a poem. This essay will be based on two poems; the “The Road Not Taken” by Robert Frost and May Oliver’s “When Death Comes.” I will show that implicit in these two poems is the celebration of the sublimity of the present moment and the intrinsic value of the novel experience. Indeed, I will show that, according to the two poems, life is nothing but an accumulation of experiences. Discussion Mary Oliver’s “When Death Comes” at first seems like a poem about death. This take is implied from the first three stanzas which, in quite morbid a manner, allude to the suddenness and inevitability of death. The use of ‘when’ as the first word in the first line may seem simple enough. The word though conveys certainty, an unquestionable surety of something to come. The use of similes such as ‘like a hungry bear in autumn’ and ‘like the measle-pox’ serves to show us the unannounced nature and unwanted presence of death in our midst (Oliver). When one reads on and when closer attention is paid to the significance of every word however, one realizes that the poem is indeed a celebration of life. From the fifth stanza onwards, the persona expounds how she, faced with the certainty of death, sees fit to lead his/her life. The persona says that s/he will celebrate the uniqueness of every life and appreciate the harmony of our immortal nature: ‘and I think of each life as a flower, as common as a field daisy, and as singular’ (Oliver). Thus, Oliver gives life an almost surreal quality. She advocates for a holistic lifestyle, one in which we appreciate all living beings, where we connect with every other human, marveling at whatever one beholds, where nothing is taken for granted: “and each name a comfortable music in the mouth tending as all music does, toward silence, and each body a lion of courage, and something precious to the earth. When it’s over, I want to say: all my life I was a bride married to amazement. I was a bridegroom, taking the world into my arms” (Oliver). The last line of the poem, ‘I don’t want to end up simply having visited this world,’ foregrounds the significance of expe
“The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde” Hardly anything can provide people with better insight on the very essence of gothic motifs in British literature, then the reading of Robert Louis Stevenson “The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde” and Mary Shelley’s “Frankenstein”, because these novels represent the concept of monstrosity as three dimensional existential phenomenon, which actually derives out of notions of good and evil been fused together into one inseparable amalgam. Moreover, both novel actually promote the idea that monstrosity cannot be discussed outside of its physical emanations – whatever is ugly on the outside, must necessarily be ugly on the inside. In its turn, such novels’ interpretation of monstrosity, unmistakably points out at its Victorian origins, because it is namely during the course of Victorian era, that the concept of human nature’s duality became especially popular among British romantisists. In “The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde”, Stevenson describes the possible consequences of “good” and “evil” components, within man’s psyche, being separated by scientific means. When Dr. Jekyll drinks his potion, he becomes completely transformed into entirely new being – Mr. Hyde, solely committed to perpetrating socially-inappropriate acts, which are being revealed to the readers as sublimation of Jekyll subconscious anxieties. Stevenson describes Mr. Hyde as bearing clearly atavistic anthropological features, which according to the theory of Positivist Criminology, serves as indication of “atavistic individual’s” inborn tendency to commit crimes: “Mr. Hyde was pale and dwarfish, he gave an impression of deformity without any nameable malformation, he had a displeasing smile… God bless me, the man seems hardly human!” (Stevenson, Ch. 2). Such description of Hyde’s inborn evilness corresponds rather well to how Victorian mind used to perceive the essence of monstrosity – it is only those, who despite their human-like appearance, have nothing to do with civilized (Western) humanity, that can be referred to as truly horrible creatures. Mr. Hyde is being shown as the slave of his animalist urges. He kills to experience a sadistic pleasure. His actions correspond more to the actions of a wild beast then to the actions of a human being, capable of adjusting its behavior to its sense of rationale. Such Stevenson’s perception of monstrosity, of course, is a by-product of Victorian concept of “White man’s burden”, which implied that White people have a natural right to rule over the world, simply because the representatives of other races can only be formally referred to as humans, since they never ceased remaining savage beasts, deep inside. The very sight of primitive savages, which were never able to evolve beyond the Stone Age, encountered by European e
Company Name: Kingdom Dates Tentative Contact Company Details: Al-Qassim Head Office Dheema Road, Al-Badaya, Al-Qassim Tel: +966-1 63311111 (5 Lines) Fax: +966-1 63310973, 3310974, 3310975 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] Executive Summary This is a marketing plan for Kingdom Dates. The domestic market for Kingdom Dates is highly competitive, even though the company controls about 30% of the local market. Although it derives about 20% of its total sales from other markets outside the Saudi Kingdom, Kingdom Dates has failed to exploit massive opportunities in the regional and international markets. The local demand is stable, but Kingdom Dates now needs to seek opportunities in the regional and international markets. With the positioning message focusing on the relevance of dates in the Muslim world and related health benefits of the fruit, the company will invoke significant responses that could culminate in increased sales, market shares, and expansion to regional and international markets. While the regional and international markets are appealing, the company is most likely to face price challenges because of high-quality dates exported from other producers, such as Israel. Nonetheless, product improvement can help the company to mitigate such risks. For effective marketing activities with impacts, a marketing communication strategy involving Omni-channel has been adopted to deliver the message. The cost may be substantial, but the impact on the target audience is expected to be massive. All marketing efforts will be monitored to ensure that the most effective channels are developed to enhance positive outcomes. Current Marketing Situation This is a marketing plan for Kingdom Dates, which was established in 1987 and is now among the leading dates’ companies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Market Description The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is listed among the leading top three producers of dates globally responsible for about 15% to 17% of the global production. 1 Hence, Kingdom Dates must compete locally with the same company that can also collect the best dates. The Saudi market is highly competitive because it is the home of high-quality premium dates, which could be exported to other countries globally, including the European Union (EU), Australia, North America, and New Zealand among other countries. Hence, both domestic and global markets are available for Kingdom Dates. Europe is a major market for Saudi exported dates. Like any other agricultural produce, dates are also exposed to supply and demand and, thus, price increases during Ramadan are expected. 2 Pilgrims and other visitors are known to throng the Central Date Market next to the Prophet’s Mosque in Madinah to purchase various types of dates, which is seen as a customary present once they return to their home countries. The best data quality for Ajwah price ranges “from SR35 ($9) to SR50 per kilogram, the best quality of Anbarah cost SR40-55 per kilogram, and Al-Siqi cost SR15-20 per kilogram while Al-Safwi is sold at SR15-25 per kilogram”. 3 Date retailers have observed that most pilgrims who most like to purc