ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Criminology or criminal justice is one of the most exciting approaches in social sciences, which aim to analyze a crime as an individual or even social phenomenon. A crime is considered to be a violation of rules and laws set by the government in accordance with the legal regulations. Usually, any kind of violation is pursued by a certain type of punishment. Unfortunately, nowadays, people can easily find out a way to be punished to a lesser extent or even avoid any kind of punishment. For example, when, in New Jersey, in 1994, Jesse Timmendequas raped and killed Megan Kanka, a 7-year-old girl, he was released within a certain period of time and got an opportunity to continue his crimes and murders. This action called numerous misunderstandings from society, and was one of the reasons to create a law that requires a registration of all sexual offenders. Megan’s Law is served to notify the vast majority of sexual offenders in society; its study allows to analyze the impact of the law on inhabitants of New Jersey, its effects and effectiveness, and the implementation of the law in the other states of America and even in the whole world. People should get an opportunity to be protected against offenders and other criminals, and Megan’s Law is one of the brightest steps to make our life more or less normal, as no one can be sure about personal safety and the safety of his/her relatives. Discussion Megan’s Law: What, Why, and How Megan’s Law is a general name of the laws, which make the information about sexual offenders available to the public. Usually, state representatives include names, pictures, and addresses of offenders, and the nature of crimes they commit. Such kind of information is available online and in special mass media. So, if a person wants to know whether a sexual offender is living nearby, it is possible to get to know from such sources. Megan’s Law is a good attempt to protect society from numerous sexual offenders. After their daughter was terribly killed, Richard and Maureen Kanka admit that if the parents have any chance to known more about people live around, they should use it in order to protect their children from sexual predators, who may live nearby. With the help of Megan’s Law, not only parents, but any person can easily find out whether a sexual offender is near or not. Zgoba and Bachar (2009) present the necessary information about Megan’s Law. It is all about the fact that “sex offenders are required to register with the local police department within a specified time
Introduction The stories revolve around two protagonists with a resolve to find love. Anne Elliot comes from a well-respected family with land and wealth. However, this is affected by her father’s lavish life. They are forced to sublet their home for a smaller house in Bath. Anne was in a relationship with Captain Fredrick Wentworth, but this did not materialize since Lady Russell, a close family adviser persuaded her against it. However, she is still in love with Mr. Wentworth and hopes to marry him. Similarly, Rosalind, the daughter of Duke Senior falls in love with Orlando, one of the two sons of Sir Rowland. This happens at a wrestling match where Orlando defeats Charles, a renowned wrestler. They develop feelings for one another but cannot express them. However, fate brings them together, and they forge love once more. The paper explores the two women’s obstacles to finding love. Besides, it compares the kinds of obstacles faced by them. However, because of the tensions, among other obstacles that existed Anne’s route to love, she faced more obstacles in finding Captain Wentworth than Rosalind did (Austen 17). Anne Elliot vs. Rosalind Anne Elliot is portrayed as coming from a well to do family. The Elliot family is a respected household that enjoys life in their circle of the elite and wealthy. The family has a trusted family adviser in Lady Russell. Lady Russell helps the family in all contexts ranging from finance to social matters, among others. In this regard, she becomes an obstacle to Anne’s potential marriage to Captain Wentworth, who she felt was not of adequate consequence. It is quite different from Rosalind’s case in which there is no family adviser, and she is within her free will to fall in love with someone without fear of a backlash. In this respect, it is clear that Anne faced a greater obstacle. For instance, even though she loved Wentworth, as proved in the beginning when we are told she loved Mrs. Croft’s brother, Lady Russell persuaded her to break the engagement. It is not seen on the part of Rosalind who instead has a friend in Celia who encourages her throughout her attempts to find love. This is evident, first in Celia’s love for her, which is proved in Duke Fredrick’s capability of allowing her to stay in the court. Moreover, this is further portrayed when she accepts to leave with her for the forest despite the dangers associated with their travel. Besides, she helps Rosalind in concealing their identity until the right moment when they both get married to their loved ones. This shows that while Anne had people like Lady Russell, who oppose
Prior to discussing the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the needs model under the conditions of globalization; it is of the crucial importance for us to define it and identify the major principles of this approach. In addition to that, the process of globalization also has certain effects on the functioning of the needs model. It should be pointed out that such policy was developed in the eighties McNamara, who was the first to prove that modern companies should adopt certain amendments to the polices in order to survive in the ever-changing economic conditions (Keith A. Neuber, 1980). Although this economic doctrine has often been questioned, its basic tenets may ensure successful functioning of global organizations. The essence of this theory lies in the following: any company, who claims be cost-effective should primarily take into consideration the need or demands of its stakeholders. Probably, it would be better for us to give a clear interpretation of such notion as stakeholder. In this case, this term should not be understood only as someone who possesses certain percentage of share. This notion is much more complex, it can be defined as any parson, group of people, or organization, able to influence the development of the company in a positive and adverse way. We should first speak about employees, clients, investors, suppliers etc. The company may either accept the demands of stakeholder or reject them but under no circumstances, the management may overlook them (Richard Pettinger, 2002). As regards, its efficacy of the needs model in the United States of America, we should mention that constant process of globalization offered new opportunities to American companies, in particular, it became quite possible for them to outsource domestic production to developing countries, which eventually resulted in unemployment among local workers and subsequently low demand for the companys products. The main problem, which the economy of the United States has recently encountered, is that American companies place special emphasis on the interests of their clients, investors, suppliers, but not on those of their employees. In fact, we may see some kind of chain reaction, American organization were trying to find the path of least resistance, which in fact them led them to a deadlock. Actually, one cannot say that the needs model is ineffective or it has detrimental effects on the development of the country, the only controversy is how to set priorit
Abstract This project attempts to analyze the characteristics of security parameters and their accompanying effects to the law abiding citizens. Establishment of modern security measures has been known to cause some impacts in the society. On the governing body’s perspective, the impacts of these parameters have been considered to be all positive. However, there are also some negative impacts these security measures may have on the citizens, especially the law abiding ones who form the majority. If these impacts are overlooked, they may slowly cause a kind of domino effect in which innocent civilians will continue to lose their lives. This work also tries to crystallize the components of a security system so that the correct framework is analyzed. The crystallization and analysis of this framework helps in identifying the loopholes which may end up affecting innocent civilians negatively. The report tries to explain how security controls against human threats can save lives of innocent civilians. This is because a good number of civilians have been prevented from perishing by the process of establishing these frameworks and even after the control structures have been established. International criminal activities involving terrorists have also been discussed in this paper. Control measures aimed at preventing domestic and international security threats have been put in place by many countries including the U.S. It should be noted that most citizens who are targets of international criminal activities come from the first class countries which are the economic powerhouse of the world. Thus, it is recommended that more studies should be done in this area so that the governments and the public can get enough information appropriately. Introduction Security issues have continued to dominate the modern world as countries strive to protect their citizens against natural and human attacks. Hardly can a day pass without this issue being discussed across a section of the mainstream media. The public is warned more frequently on imminent attacks which may be detrimental to their welfare. Governments have stepped up their efforts to reduce the impacts of security threats and risks to their citizens. The United States of America, Canada, the United Kingdom, France and Germany are good examples of countries which have been involved in campaigns that continually warn their citizens to either prepare or desist from going into hot spots of terrorism activities. Travel advisories have often been given to citizens of particular countries who are considered to be the main targets of terrorism activities. International and domestic terrorism activities have escalated in a way that has caused the U.S government to act with speed. Other security threats include natural threats such as flooding, typhoons and hurricanes, earthquakes and heavy snow fall among others. The
One of the recent systematic studies that concentrate on the behaviour of the people working in an organization is known as Organizational Behaviour, and it is considered to be one of the most important aspects of recent corporate nomenclature. In a Corporate Organization, the most important part is always the people working in the organization. And to run the organization smoothly, the managers of the company have to look to the sustainability of working conditions and this includes people of the company. This is where Organizational Behaviour becomes so important. In United Kingdom, Dentistry.co is one of the leading companies that are involved in the dental care of the people. This company is one stop solution for all the dental worries. They have enlisted the services of the most prominent dental surgeons throughout United Kingdom. They also assign the other professionals who belong to the dental care industry. This company really makes the access of dental care easy for both the patients and the doctors (Rondinelli 85-98). Let us discuss the organizational behaviour of the company here. As we can see, this is a part of the health care industry, and for this reason the organisation can be termed as an emergency service. In this company, most of the employees are doctors and other medical practitioners. Another type of employees who are present in the company is the moderators and people who keep track of all the actions of the company. So, to discuss about the organizational behaviour of the company, we initially should look at the types of the people working in the company. All these employees try to treat the patients in the best possible way they can.  1. Doctors: In any medical services the most important factor is the number of efficient medical practitioners who are available in the case. Here, we can say that Dentistry.co has one of the best assemblies of trained doctors who are devoted to help the patients.  2. Other Medical Practitioners: Barring doctors, any medical centre needs skilled professionals to help the treatment of the patients and they also have the best in the United Kingdom.  3. Moderators: The moderators are one of the lifelines of the services of Dentistry. They answer the queries of the patients and they also co-ordinate between the doctors and the patients and keeps the work running with out any hassle. They can be called the heart of the company. They try to control the activities of the organization in a balanced way. Their work may not be as glamorous as the doctors or the medical people but they are one of the most important parts (Rondinelli 85-98). During the organizational behaviour study of the case, we have to use quantitative methods like multiple regression, and time series analysis. Sometimes com
Fig 1: The Architectural Significance of Pantheon Dome (Amin 1). Description About Pantheon The Pantheon is a Roman temple located in Region IX Circus Flaminius and it is dedicated to “all the gods.” The meaning of the word pantheon is–to every god and it also refers to the building which is built to honor the dead. It was built by Marcus Agrippa as a temple for all gods of ancient Rome and the temple was rebuilding in 125 AD by emperor Hadrian. Pantheon which we see today was constructed by Publius Aelius Hadrianus, and later it was restored by the emperor Septimus Severus and Caracalla. It is believed animals were sacrificed at the temple for “all the gods” of the temple and the animals were burned in the centre of the building. The smoke escaped through the circular means of light – the oculus. Pantheon has been used since ages for various purposes. Initially, it was used as temple and was abandoned for some time when Christianity replaced paganism. It was later reused as a secular building till the rule of Byzantine emperor Phocas. It was converted into a Christian church in 609 AD, and was dedicated to Virgin Mary and all the martyrs (Macdonald 13). Currently, pantheon is used as a church, for celebrating masses for catholic days and for weddings celebrations. Historical Significance of Pantheon Pantheon is located in Campus Martius and primarily, it had a rural appearance. Augustus Ceaser planned the construction of Pantheon in 31 BC and magistrate Marcus Agrippa planned to built the structure to honor the victory of Actium over Cleopatra and Anthony. But, historical excavations reveal the original structure has been destroyed and the current building was built by Emperor Haridran on the site of Agrippa. Hadrian had travelled widely to the east and he planned to build 20 different structures in the Campus Martius which included the bath of Agrippa and Saepta Julia. In Rome, Pantheon was abandoned when Christianity replaced paganism, and Panthoeon was not used for any purpose till 608 AD.In 609 AD the place was used as a church and it was first temple which was Christianized and was dedicated to Virgin Mary. During 609 AD, the altar in the temple was placed on the entrance and the icon of Virgin Mary with a Child was placed on it (Marder 2). In 667 AD, the golden roof tiles of the Pantheon were looted to be later restored by Pope Benedict II in 684 AD. The building was looted and restored several times in history. The bronze ceiling of the portico was melted and used to make bombardments, cannon and other works. In the medieval age marble on the exterior of the structure was removed and the bronze ceiling of the portico was destroyed in 17 th century. Urban VIII Barberini replaced the bronze ceiling with twin towers (Webb 46). During the renaissance age the structure was reconstructed from renaissance paintings and drawings. Since, renaissance age the stru
As it would be observed, the Australian education policy has witnessed robust reforms over the last few decades. Australian school leaders and policymakers in the sector have not been lucky to escape the impacts of social and economic globalization which has continued to pose new opportunities as well as challenges in almost all segments of the global society. For this reason, there have been a lot of concerns in the educational sector, where a multidisciplinary approach to a broad range of political and social issues has been used to address the many issues affecting the Australian education policy. These dynamics of policy in the education sector have called for broader community and governmental actions in the recent past, thus paving way for more appropriate policies through a joint mission of educational policy and educational research. As much as we can see it, those levels of achievements are likely to exemplify new opportunities for educational research at all levels, hence opening ways for further reforms in the sector (Luke, 2003). This would, in turn, enable the Australian schools serve the economic and social interests of its present and future generation. As a matter of fact, there are many contemporary policy issues affecting Australian education programs currently, and this presents new challenges to the Australian school leaders and educators, among other systems. This paper provides an in-depth overview of gender policy in the education sector with an inclusive discussion of how the policy has changed over the years and the influences it would have on the Australian education in general at the national level. This paper draws from study on gender reform policies in Australian schools and it shows some of the key strengths and limitations of the policy on the educational system at all levels. Australia recognizes freedom of gender identity as a fundamental human right and for this reason; the educational system, among other major institutions in the country has made a concerted effort in promoting gender-inclusive programs and approaches within the school program. I will begin by offering a brief analysis of gender reform for schools in Australia since the inception of the reforms in the year 1975 followed by an insight into the recent developments. The main roles of education are not limited to providing the young generation
Generation Y, known as generally the children of the baby boomers, exhibit particular characteristics that mark them distinctly from other generations. No trait is as pronounced as their impatience; the Generation Y kids want everything immediately and identify success in terms of newness. It is, therefore, of little surprise that it is this generation and this age range that gave way to the development of ‘beta’ modes. Generation Y’s impatience and love of exclusivity directly sparked the onslaught of beta technology. A website, software, or other technology is in ‘beta’ mode when it is not yet released to the public. Instead, it is still being tested by people aptly named ‘beta testers’. These users are generally members of the public at large who are privy to the technology before its release. Compensation for being permitted early access to the program or website comes from the consumer offering direct feedback and discovering bugs the technology may have. In using beta testers, companies cut costs while carefully manipulating Generation Y’s love of early access — and its impatience — via marketing. Betas are ever-changing, just as technology constantly develops. At the time of this paper, Mozilla’s Firefox browser released its 4.7 betas amid countless news stories and press. Google’s email service, Gmail was in beta for quite some time. Their new Google voice service was in beta for two years. During that time, the buzz was generated for their products and when the actual technology was released, the number of people who wanted the service was quite large. By keeping their products under wraps, companies prey upon consumer desire to have the best immediately; Generation Y’s impatience and emphasis on the “me, now” is especially susceptible to such a ploy. In addition to serving as a clever way to generate consumer interest, betas also reflect some other points. Idealistically, they make it quite clear that everything is a process; no technology is set in stone. Every beta marks an improvement upon the last release of a product and companies are dedicated to making better technologies. Improvement is important; it generates further consumer interest and keeps competitors at bay. More cynically, a beta release means that the manufacturer does not have to claim responsibility for errors and bugs. If a user is running a beta, it is with the understanding that the technology is not ready for consumer release and complaints, while valid, cannot garner very much traction. If beta is buggy, that is simply because it is a beta release. If a consumer wants an error-
Community Stressors Contributing to the Selected Issue Since the community issue, I have selected is the lack of transportation for low-income people inhabiting rural areas (which makes it impossible for them to apply for assistance in their local Social Services), the primary stress factor that is to be discussed is the lack of mobility. Evidence proves that people from rural areas generally live beyond the poverty line and do not have private means of transportation. The mobility stressor not only affects the ability to apply for financial support but also implies limited access to health care, social and human services (Shmool et al., 2015). As a result, another stressor emerges: The dwellers of rural areas develop dangerous health conditions, including both mental and physical disorders and disabilities. Due to the lack of financial resources as well as the opportunity to file an application to social organizations, the community is also suffering from inadequate living conditions and malnutrition–the two stress factors aggravating health problems (Shameem, Momtaz, & Rauscher, 2014). Lacking Resources First and foremost, the community is short of financial resources that would help them solve the problem with individual transport. Moreover, an increased level of income would improve the living conditions and eliminate the issue of malnutrition, which exacerbates diseases. Another essential resource that is currently lacking is home care service (including adult day care) as well as counseling for those who are unable to go to the city due to health problems. Finally, it is also evident that people in rural areas need human resources since the number of social workers that could render help in program participation is very small (Wacker, & Roberto, 2013). I believe that the proposed community program will help remove all the enumerated stress factors since it will establish the connection between the city and the rural area by providing transportation. The community will have better access to health care and social services while social workers will have the means to track the improvement of the community life.