ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The contradiction between personal responsibility and ideas of the common good is one of the controversial consequences of neoliberalism as a phenomenon that emerged in the late 20th century. The negative manifestations of this trend are an increase in unemployment, a fall in socio-economic security, a decrease in the income of small companies against the background of corporations’ growth, and other negative trends. At the same time, those who are victims of neoliberalism and its influence often blame themselves but not the established system, which is explained by the imposition of artificial values ​​and the profitable models of commodity-money relations. In other words, the order of control over different spheres has allowed the ruling elites to create an environment in which individual roles are placed above general ones. As a result, the followers of neoliberalism, believing in this thesis, are forced to look for problems in themselves, ignoring those conditions of market relations that have become generally accepted over several decades. This conclusion is logical, and examples of weak economic models in different countries promoting the principles of neoliberalism prove this. Beginning in the 1980s, the neoliberal reforms in Latin America not only caused economic changes but also gave impetus to the complex process of social transformations and related problems. Changes in enterprise development strategies reflect how the economies of individual countries, such as Argentina, have adapted to the current macroeconomic trends by cutting jobs and optimizing work regimes in line with the needs of enterprises. As a result, in Latin America, neoliberal reforms with their emphasis on the dominance of economic values ​​over social ones have had a critical impact on the formation of a protest public reaction.
Numerous factors affect the employment relationship. It is possible to single out some internal and external factors. The internal factors include (but are not confined to) salary, HR management, company’s corporate culture and communication. Salary is one of the central motivational tools that affect employees’ performance. The decrease of salaries (for example, the introduction of penalties) is likely to decrease the employee’s motivation and may even result in a significant turnover. Efficient HR management positively affects employees’ motivation and performance. It can be regarded as the link between the organization’s top management and employees aimed at ensuring that organizational goals will be met. The effect of organizational culture is similar to the one of the factor mentioned above. Communication is also vital as it makes goals clear, needs outlined and articulated. The external factors include employees’ family life, governmental policies, the economic situation in the country, some trends affecting the labor market. Clearly, family life often influences employees’ performance as some family problems can result in employees’ absenteeism. The government may impose particular requirement affecting people’s commitment or lack of motivation. For instance, the introduction of certain security standards may motivate people to enter some professionals that could be seen as dangerous (and low-paid) previously. The economic situation in the country often makes people change their priorities. In the period of economic constraints, people are ready to work for lower salaries. There are periods when some professions become prestigious and the number of professionals increases, which leads to saturation of the labor market and, as a result, the decrease of salaries. In our organization, there are different types of employment contracts signed. This helps identify particular roles and responsibilities. Each employee understands his/her responsibilities and rights as well as the scope of tasks to perform. Thus, all employees can collaborate effectively and achieve organizational goals.
Introduction Wordsworth and Coleridge created some of the best poems in English literature, and the examination of their work provides a reader with a unique experience. “Lines Composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey” is considered to be one of the best poems written by Wordsworth. In it, the author revisits the place of his childhood and realizes that it has changed significantly. This paper aims to analyze “Lines Composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey” in the context of the development of Wordsworth’s mind. Development of Mind In this poem, Wordsworth revisits the site where he used to spend a lot of time as a child, which provides an implication for understanding the changes that occurred in the author throughout his life. More specifically, he recalls the innocent nature that he witnessed, which is evident in the line “the day is come when I again repose” and “sent up, in silence, from among the trees!” ( Lyrical Ballads 156). The tranquility that the author describes is a representation of his memories, which helped him through the difficult moments of life. However, upon returning to this site, the poet realizes that it is not the way he remembers it, which is part of his development as a person. It is because in the past when Wordsworth was a boy, he was able to see the nature around him through the prism of innocence, but upon revisiting the Abbey, he grew older and became more aware of things. From the poem, one can conclude that not only time has passed since Wordsworth’s visit to this site but also many things have changed. When the poet writes about nature, he connects the themes of the beauty of the landscape that he found comfort in and memories. In addition, Wordsworth understands that nature will continue to exist and serve a similar purpose to others, even after his death. This provides an understanding of the fact that the author has matured, and when compared to his perception as a young boy, he is now able to be more thoughtful when looking at this landscape. The spiritual growth that the author experienced is evident in the lines: Abundant recompense. For I have learned To look on nature, not as in the hour Of thoughtless youth; but hearing oftentimes. ( Lyrical Ballads 158). Therefore, Wordsworth acknowledges that he has developed and began to see more in the landscape and understand the implications of it better. Wordsworth recognizes that despite the changes that happened to him, he still enjoys the countryside, although now in a different way. The more thoughtful and philosophical approach that the poet describes is a representation of the development of his mind. When he was a boy, he perceived things with innocence, which serves as a contrast to his current ability to analyze and understand t
Floor plan for emergency room at Anaheim Memorial Medical Centre Introduction An Emergency Room is essential in any hospital. This is because it handles urgent medical situations ranging from car accidents, burns, heart attacks, broken bones and other sudden ailments. An emergency room is full of movement by doctors, patients, janitors and visitors. It is therefore important to consider the structural design of the rooms to eradicate any confusion. Confusion and minor delays in an emergency situation can lead to loss of lives. Emergency rooms sometimes need to be renovated to accommodate an increase in patients and new medical equipment (Borkowski, 2009). Reasons for adopting the floor plan Renovating the emergency room at Anaheim Memorial Medical Centre in California posed a challenge as it is a facility within the main hospital and it required that the expansion and renovation takes place without stopping the ER operations. The old model emergency room at Anaheim had been modeled many years ago and consumed a lot of unutilized space. This particular floor plan was adopted to exploit this space while minimizing demolitions. Renovating involves adding new rooms and equipment. This floor plan is ideal as it will have old materials re-used which will save on costs. The plan also will allow the emergency room to continue with its normal operations as the renovation is being done in four phases. The first and second phases entail creating extra space for new rooms such as the pediatric suit and the emergency waiting room for new patients in critical condition. The last two phases entail painting and coloring the suites to create conducive ambience and later the installation of new equipment. The floor plan is economical and ideal as it is tailor made for Anaheim emergency room. It has numerous entrances and wide exits to avoid overcrowding (Cosby et.al, 2008). The plan has a special entrance for critical cases brought in by the ambulance which leads direct to the emergency attendance room and the ICU wards. Recommendations for future floor plan The plan however failed to include important rooms such as the trauma, CT scan and asthma treatment rooms. This was due to unavailability of extra space and funds. The equipment room proved to be small and should have been located near the emergency room. The laundry room occupies too much space and should have been utilized to create an extra room. According to James (2009), the Electronic Health Record (EHR) and Decision Support Systems (DSS) are important components in information technology. A future plan needs to allocate a specific IT room to get important records supported by thes
Introduction One of the most effective ways to achieve better performance of an organisation is to make sure that its employees are creative, motivated, productive, experienced and have all necessary skills. This may be accomplished through the implementation of learning and talent development programmes. Finding skilful and gifted workers and then developing their talents is a significant and beneficial investment that will provide great profit for the company. Moreover, since learning and development have an extended number of stakeholders with different responsibilities, expectations, and roles, many people are interested in implementing such programmes. Nevertheless, this process is typically complicated, and numerous issues and obstacles may appear during its realisation. Therefore, an appropriate and efficient strategy that would make the implementation organised and successful is required. The purpose of this business report is to discuss the role of organisational politics in learning and talent development and explore collaborative and ethical communication with the main stakeholders, as well as their expectations from learning and development. Role of Organisational Politics in Learning and Talent Development There are numerous processes and concepts that play an essential role and may have a severe effect on learning and talent development. One such process is organisational politics, which is typically considered adverse but can also have some positive influences. Overall, corporate politics is aimed at maintaining collaborative working relationships while also achieving the company’s objectives. According to the University of Minnesota (2017), since firms need to allocate their limited resources, it is typical for teams or individual employees to disagree about the ways they need to be distributed. Therefore, “they may naturally seek to gain those resources for themselves or for their interest groups, which gives rise to organizational politics” (University of Minnesota, 2017, para. 3). Resolving conflicting interests, building alliances, negotiating and bargaining are behaviours general for this process. Consequently, organisational politics is more likely to have a negative impact on learning and talent development as it usually brings behaviours mentioned above into employee education. Nevertheless, considering the fact that there is no vast amount of literature available on this topic, it is possible to say that “there is very l
Introduction Since its independence in 1971, the United Arab Emirates has been working hard to improve the quality of education and ensure its compliance with global standards. As of now, the Middle Eastern country devotes up to 25% of its budget to education, and this approach has yielded tangible results. The literacy rate in the country is at an all-time high at 90% (up from 54% for men and 31% for women in 1971). As a result, the country has one of the highest applicant participation rates in the world, with 90% of girls and 85% of boys applying for university after secondary education. In 2016, the UAE housed around 80,000 international students, which once more confirms the prestige of its education. Yet, the current system is not devoid of faults that need rectification. One of the UAE’s largest schools, Zayed University, has been all over the local and global news due to its problematic policies and management solutions. It is clear that to stay afloat and make amends, the university might need to undergo a transformation. This paper explains exactly how Kaizen, a Japanese management philosophy, could help Zayed University recover after its failures. The Key Principles of the Kaizen Approach The concept of kaizen was first created in Japan in the 1950s. Back then, the government and management were growing concerned about the state that their current system was in. Probably the biggest problem was the pending labor shortage that could potentially snap entire industries out of balance. Another driving factor behind the development of kaizen was the industrial change in occupied Japan that started shortly after World War II. Japan used the US’s Training Within Industry program (TWI) to revive its own manufacturing and change its perspective on how to achieve success and prosperity. The Japanese word “kaizen” means “change for the better” and can be roughly translated into English as “improvement.” This translation captures the essence of the concept. By embracing kaizen principles, Japan showed its commitment to making small, incremental changes that, however, had the potential to accumulate over time. As much as that solution might have appeared counterintuitive back then, it made more sense than making sweeping changes that could as well bring about collateral damage. Over the last few decades, kaizen has become an essential part of the Japanese manufacturing system and contributed to its growth and refinement. The concept also yielded recognition worldwide, especially in the Western countries where it became synonymous with continuous improvement. However, as Gupta and Jain (2014) state in their stud
Introduction The college science laboratory environment is exposed to risks and accidents of different types due to the sensitivity of the experiments and equipment in use. Specifically, the science laboratories are equipped with different sharp, flammable, and fragile tools that might cause an injury to a lab user. This paper examines the types of potential accidents in science laboratories and how to avoid them. Types of Accidents and Risks Fire The Bunsen burner is instrumental equipment in most experiments that involve heating in science laboratories. When the Bunsen burner is left unattended, it might burn the entire laboratory, especially when the flames came in contact with other flammable surfaces or chemicals. The result might be the distraction of property or even injury, in case the event occurs in the course of an experiment. To minimize potential fire risk in the laboratory, the users need to review and practice the procedures for avoiding fire (Ntsefong 56). This can be achieved through switching off the gas supply when the Bunsen burner is not in use. Moreover, it would be prudent to properly store flammable materials (Pal 45). Moreover, college science students should be trained on how to properly install and inspect the burner to avoid possible leaks that might result in sudden fires. Heat Burns Some experiments in the science laboratories involve handling hot objects when transferring them from one surface to another. When these items are moved hastily without proper precaution or use of the standard tools, it might result in serious burns to the person experimenting (Murov 34). For instance, when transferring a heated beaker, it would be prudent to use the lifting tongs to avoid direct bodily contact with the hot surface. To avoid heat burn, students should be taught how to use water baths and tongs effectively by stressing on the importance of avoiding direct contact with hot surfaces. Chemical Burns Most science laboratory experiments involve using more than a single chemical. Most of these chemicals are corrosive and highly flammable. When they are handled carelessly, the chemicals might spill on the skin or hand of the user (Pal 22). The chemical burns might cause a fatal injury. As a precautionary measure against an injury from a spilled chemical, it is important to train lab users on how to use protective gloves when handling any substance in the laboratory. Moreover, it would be prudent to integrate the culture of precaution in handling chemicals. For instance, a science laboratory user manual might be created to
The US amended its constitution in 1965 to include everybody in national voting process. The law outlawed discriminations based on ethnic and racial qualities that had been practiced since independence. In this regard, Africans had been disenfranchised because they could not elect leaders of their choice. The Act followed the 15 th amendment, which prohibited states from imposing any electoral merits or pre-requisites to candidates. Such conditions were viewed as direct violation of voting rights. The act eliminated the rule stating that a voter could only vote after passing a literacy test. The rule was widely used during slavery to bar Africans from electing their preferred leaders. The American Civil War played a bigger role in eliminating unfavorable laws that were based on racial and tribal lines. The head of state appended his signature to the rule making it a national law in 1965. The act provided extensive federal supervision of elections. It stated that regions with repressive voting practices could not execute any change that would affect voting without seeking approval from the state authority in charge of elections. The process was termed as preclearance, meaning that a universal body could control elections. The law affected many states in the south because they had a system that discriminated blacks. The congress has amended the Act several times, the recent being the 2006 alteration that was signed into law by George Bush. Even though the Act was lauded as a landmark to civil rights legislation, critics have established many weaknesses. As noted earlier, the bill has been reviewed four times. The law was evaluated in 1970, 1975, 1982 and 2006. The 1982 review made section two of the act permanent. The paper will therefore look at the differences and some similarities between the original act of 1965 and the amended article of 2006. It should be noted that there are many similarities between the two articles. The two articles aim at providing the rights of voters and keeping off repressive rules and regulations. The main similarity is that both articles still demand that states, which practiced repression and discrimination, must seek permission from the Department of Justice before introducing new changes to their electoral laws. This has raised controversies because the states could have abolished the repressive rules long ago but they are still required to comply with the new law. The states in the south such as Arizona, Alabama, Mississippi and Texas suffer from stigmatization because they practiced discrimination before the law was introduced in 1965. Critics argue that the law should either be extended to all states or be eliminated. In 2006, the law applied to the case involving Northwest Austin Municipality Utility District No. 1 v. Holder. The council intended to amend its policies in order to move voting from a private home to a public school. The judges claimed that the officials of the council had to follow the due procedure dictated by the 1965 act. In 2010, Florida intended to amend its constitution in order to prevent gerrymandering in future. The gov
Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas is a movie adaptation of an eponymous novel written by Hunter S. Thompson. The movie tells a story of a journalist, Raoul Duke, and his attorney, Dr. Gonzo, who under the influence of psychoactive substances explore a dark underbelly of Las Vegas (Gilliam, 1998). The initially assigned purpose of their journey was to report on a motorcycle race; however, after consuming substantial doses of stimulants, sedative-hypnotics, hallucinogens, and other types of drugs, the protagonists decide to cover a district attorneys’ convention while wandering mindlessly around bars and hotels of the city. The aim of this paper is to analyze the movie from an addiction counselor’s perspective. The paper will discuss substance use, its effects, and treatment options. Analysis The movie opens with Duke and Dr. Gonzo riding a car across the Nevada desert after taking orally a large dose of a hallucinogen—mescaline (Gilliam, 1998). Both protagonists appear distant and have hypersensitivity to light; therefore, they are wearing dark glasses. The journalist experiences both auditory and visual hallucinations that take the form of giant bats that swarm over the car in a random manner. Even though mescaline is less potent than tryptamines such as LSD, it is an extremely powerful drug effect of which may last for 12 to 15 hours (Hermle, Simon, Ruchsow, & Geppert, 2012). Later in the movie, under the influence of the drug, the protagonists experience other visual hallucinations that are manifest as altering shapes. Many hallucinations have upsetting qualities during the highest point of the hallucinatory phase: Duke sees moving walls and colorful interplays of carpet patterns that make him anxious. The protagonists constantly increase the dose of the hallucinogen, which leads to “a quantitative increase in the effects of the experience” (Preedy, 2016, p. 117). At the certain point, the characters’ response to mescaline becomes qualitatively different: they appear to lose connection to the real world and hardly differentiate their surroundings (Preedy, 2016). At the peak of hallucinatory experience, Duke feels extremely anxious and feels that he is in the middle of a “reptile zoo” (Gilliam, 1998). Upsetting qualities of his visual and auditory hallucinations completely change with the change of setting: negative reactions slowly subside. With lowering of the intensity of distress caused by abnormal perceptions, the protagonists feel the urge to administer other drugs, which they have in abundance. At the beginning of the movie, Duke states that they have “two bags of grass, 75 pellets of mescaline, five sheets of high-powered blotter acid, a saltshaker half-full of cocaine, a whole galaxy of multi-colored uppers, downers, screamers, laughers… Also, a quart of tequila, a quart of rum, a case of beer, a pint of raw ether, and two dozen amyls” (Gilliam, 1998). It has to be mentioned that mescaline is associated with a side effect—vomiting. Duke and Dr. Gonzo experience this response several times throughout the movie. However, it is not a single ne