ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Today the reference to outsourcing is considered to be a significant business strategy that allows the organizations to show up in the local and global markets by dint of additional services. In the perspective of the hotels, it also gives a chance to focus on lodging and pay less attention to such basic thing as cleaning (Zhou & Ren 2010). Still, some units believe that it is enough to utilize in-house sources and control the situation totally, which proves that the disagreement exists and the problem requires a thorough investigation that can conclude which path to follow. When researching this issue, we try to find out whether it is really advantageous for the hospitality industry to utilize outsourcing. For the study to be more precise, we consider how Nitenite Hotel Birmingham can use this opportunity. Aim The aim of the research can be seen as the determination to define if it is more beneficial for Nitenite to outsource the housekeeping department. Objectives Taking in consideration the aim of the research, its objectives can be determined. They include:   * Overview of outsourcing   * Overview of Nitenite Hotel Birmingham   * Housekeeping department in Nitenite Birmingham   * Benefits of outsourcing housekeeping   * Disadvantages of outsourcing Rationale As a rule, the majority of the services (even though they are non-core ones) are managed by the in-house staff of the hotel. However, recently numerous unities started referring to private service providers because they allow the hotel to maintain excellent services even if one does not have its own personnel (Wilson 2011). A decent work of the housekeeping department is significant for the hotel, so it is critical to define in what way it should be managed to bring success to Nitenite. Literature Review Hospitality industry operates in various sectors that are mainly connected with leisure time and includes different units, among which the hotels can be found. As a rule, they provide lodging for a particular period of time, but their operations contain a rather broad range of various services (Mackenzie & Chan 2009). In many cases, they are limited and delivered by the personnel of the hotel. Howev
The film will have two parts, the initial part of John’s friend Peter coming to his funeral and the main part describing John’s life since college years till death, focusing on his marriage, career, and values. The main protagonists will be John, a paralegal living a comfortable and good life in a small town, but gets an unknown lethal disease and spend months slowly getting weaker, his wife Jeana, their two children, their worker Jerry and John’s friend Peter. The main characters of marriage are rather troublesome, so the husband focuses on his career. The story is focused on showing selfishness of every character under various circumstances. The intended audience for this film is all people older than eighteen years. The film explores a heavy and dark issue of dying and its physical, emotional and psychological aspects, which makes this film rather specific and deep. It will be made for the audience interested in the psychological and spiritual sides of death and the effect it makes on society. The adaptation will be designed to follow the main character’s emotional and psychological development through the course of his adulthood and the impacts of his lethal disease on him and the people around. The story will emphasize the pursuit of selfish interests by every character and their complete ignorance towards the issues of others and inability to be compassionate. Challenges:   * Narration (the story is narrated by the author, who will not be present in the film).   * Thought process (different characters of the film, including John, have important inner monologues).   * John’s dialogue with his soul. The challenge of author narration will be addressed through the dialogues between the characters. For example, in one of the initial scenes when John’s co-workers discuss his death they will mention their secret happiness that this unfortunate disease did not happen to them. The thought process of the main character will be turned into actual dialogues with Jerry, the only generous and genuine character of the story. John’s dialogue with his soul will occur as dialogues with an inner voice, this voice will comment on John’s death to show that death was just a moment, that death was not an endless processor state. The names of the characters will be changed to more common ones for the contemporary American audience. The story will feature a small town in the United States. The story will be viewed as the events happening during the 1980s, which will allow the movie makers to add clothing styles that are fashionable these days. One of the film’s most important scenes is one of John’s funeral and the social reaction to his death, emphasizing that everyone cares only about their personal good coming from this tragic event. One more crucial scene is when John realizes that his desire to live is nothing but a habit and his fear of death is just the fear of the unknown when everyone else thinks his life is over, he understands that what really is over is his death.
Introduction Evolution is the process of gradual change of plants and animals from their primitive nature to the current state. This process takes a long period and many theories and research support the evolution of various plants and animals as well the universe. This paper focuses on the evolution of animals and in precise the evolution of the vertebrates. The vertebrates and other animals passed through relative diversity groups through time. This paper seeks to research and clearly explain to someone without biology knowledge why the groups to which humans belong are not the last point of vertebrate evolution using the node of the phylogeny tree. Why the group to which humans belong is not the “last point” in the evolution of vertebrates? Human beings evolved from primitives over years. These primitives had larger brains in proportion to their body size than all terrestrial mammals (Benton, 2005). He further asserts that the primitives had mammalian characteristics although at improved levels. The primitives had “eyes that were large and close together on the front face and a reduced snout. The flattened face of most primates allowed them to look forward and have a large amount of overlap between the fields of the vision of both eyes, which makes stereoscopic, or three-dimensional, sight possible (Benton, 2005). This is possible to prove that primitives gradually evolved from mammals. The primates’ parental care for their offspring had significantly improved. Moreover, the borne that encloses the middle ear and other structures in the primitives was close to that of mammals though large (Barton and Briggs, 2007). Moreover, these primitives were believed to have evolved from mammalian fossils. In addition, there is a clear table of the evolutions and the period of the years that the evolution took place. It shows that the mammals were are not the highest evolution of the vertebrates but some more animals and primitives evolved until the modern man. This knowledge made it easy to deal with the explanation of the thesis. Using the phylogeny or evolutionary tree of vertebrates, one might conclude that the mammals were the highest point of evolution. However, according to the research and studies are done, mammals are not. A phylogeny tree of vertebrates is a diagram that illustrates the evolution of vertebrates with time (Barton and Briggs, 2007). The phylogeny is like reading a family tree where, if we allow the root, which is the beginning of the tree to be a representation of the ancestral lineage, and the tips to be the branches to represent the descendants of that ancestor, then understanding the tree is easier. The ancestors here represent the fossils from which the vertebrates evolved. The Claude groups such as the reptilian, amphibian, and the other species represent the descendants of the fossils (Carroll, 1997). This can be compared to a family setup where the ancestors give rise to the first descendants who then give rise to the second descendants. The second descendants then give birth to the third t
Introduction Overview of the Company Singapore Airline (SIA) is a widely recognized and celebrated brand name in the air transport industry for over 50 years. This is attributable to its route network that covers over 90 cities in more than forty countries and up to date air transport system. In addition, SIA is a member of the Star Alliance which has increased its global presence to roughly 140 countries. All in all, the company’s strong brand name is mainly attributed to its excellent customer service (Singaporeair.com, 2013). For nearly four decades since SIA was detached from Malaysian Airway Limited it has continued to grow rapidly to become a world class airline. Experts attribute this to the company’s values and culture. Singapore Airline has impressed many people due to its creativity, diversity and constant growth. In addition, the company has been able to meet customers demand as well as gaining competitive advantage in both local and international market (Singaporeair.com, 2013; Ayob, 2004, P. 2). However, the journey has never been smooth throughout. The company has experienced numerous challenges both internal and external. The most notable predicament was the Asian economic crisis created by the outbreak of the SARS virus in 2003. The crisis forced the company to cut down wages and lay-off nearly 500 workers. As a matter of fact, this was considered as the largest number of employees to be ever lai
Principle 1 is respect for others and is applied through Application 1, which is informed consent. Examples of the violation of these are deception in how the participants selected to be prisoners were delivered to the facility and the violent treatment they experienced (TheAnswerto1984is, n.d.). Although the participants signed up for this study and were briefed about the setting and general details, Zimbardo did not inform them that they would be arrested at their homes. Moreover, after the experiment began, the participants were subjected to emotional abuse from the prison’s wards. Arguably, they were not informed that the experiment might subject them to the harsh treatment of this nature. Therefore, the participants did not receive all relevant information that would allow them to make an informed decision. Next, Principle II is beneficence, which is applied through Application 2, or not causing any harm to the participants. In Zimbardo’s experiment, although the participants thought there were going to imitate the behaviors of prisoners and authorities, the latter was psychologically abused (TheAnswerto1984is, n.d.). Moreover, some “prisoners” reported feeling as if they were in jail. Notably, Zimbardo did not debrief the participants immediately after this study to assess the level of psychological harm that this experiment has caused. One of the prisoners was released shortly after this study began because he had uncontrolled bursts of crying, which points to the distress that the study’s setting and procedures subjected people to and the potential harm. Finally, the last Principle is the justice principle, and it is applied through Application 3, which is an equal distribution of risks. Under this Principle, the researcher must ensure that risks and responsibilities are distributed equally. Although Zimbardo’s study followed the ethical principles set by Standford at that time, he would not be able to conduct this research today. He did not take measures to alleviate potential harm, not provided instructions that would guide the wards. This reckless attitude subjected the prisoner’s participants to harm because the “wards” made their own rules. Reference TheAnswerto1984is. (n.d.). The Stanford prison experiment. Youtube.
Strategic Analysis for Emirates Identity Authority (Emirates ID) Current Business and Operations The Emirates ID is a federal agency launched in 2004 to conduct a formal registration of all Emirati citizens and legal immigrants and compilation of a national population register. It issues eligible citizens (over 15 years) with ID cards certifying their identity as UAE nationals. Other services of the agency include the creation and implementation of a cutting-edge identification system for citizen enrollment, issuance of distinctive identification numbers, and provision of smart cards to UAE citizens (Emirates IDentity Authority 2011). The authority also develops a comprehensive and reliable citizen register containing the demographic details of UAE citizens for federal planning and budgetary allocation. Therefore, the agency, through its programs, serves the UAE government, citizens, and agencies with an interest in national biographical data for strategic reasons. The Emirates ID runs several centers situated in different locations across the UAE. It has service centers strategically located in Dubai, Al Quoz, Karama, Al Barsha, Abu Dhabi, and Ajman, among others (Al-Khouri 2013). The centers serve as a one-stop shop for citizens seeking federal services. Emirates ID, in 2007, launched a strategic plan aimed at modernizing its identity management infrastructure, systems, and organizational structure. The central goals of this strategy included addressing potential technological and structural challenges and aligning its mission and vision with the federal strategic direction. The strategic plan was implemented across the agency’s key departments in the form of “strategic objectives, key success factors, initiatives, and activities” (Emirates IDentity Authority 2011, para. 7). The strategic framework provided a blueprint for the delivery of federal services (citizen identification) as per the organization’s mandate. The development of Emirates ID’s strategy entailed three steps, namely, diagnostics, development, and implementation planning (Emirates IDentity Authority 2011). The first stage, diagnostics, involved a review of the existing framework and goals guiding the organization’s strategic direction. The development stage relied on the results of the diagnostic step. It incorporated the federal strategic goals to formulate the agency’s strategy complete with statements of its mission, vision, and strategic objectives (Emirates IDentity Authority 2011). Each strategic goal was tied to a key success factor (KSF) to measure the agency’s progress in achieving the set goal. The final stage was implementation planning, which involved the formulation of activities, work plans, and budgets and role description for each step of strategy execution. External Analysis SWOT analysis is a critical analytic tool for identifying opportunities for a firm in the market and potential threats or challenges tha
Introduction Developing a business plan is crucial for new ventures since it helps in developing the goals, strategies, and the mission of the firms. A business plan should be detailed to ensure that all aspects of the new venture are discussed. The following discussion analyzes the proposed services business plan in Dubai. Services Description and Customers Demand The plan involves starting a consulting firm that offers business consulting services for people who travel to Dubai for businesses. Dubai is one of the main exporters of finished products in the world due to its cheap services that reduces the cost of goods. Business people travel to Dubai in the hope of getting better business deals than in other countries. The goal of the consulting firm is to offer advice and guidance to the business travellers on ways of getting better business deals, ways of accessing funds to purchase their products, and the legal restrictions in the country. There is a high demand for these services due to the high number of business travellers in the country. In addition, few firms have invested in this niche market, hence the competition is low (Grigoroudis 2010). Most of the firms in Dubai offer services to tourists who are in the country for adventure tourism. Government statistics on the level of business travellers coming into the country show that the numbers are increasing gradually, which means that the firm’s services demand will continue to grow as the business develops. When starting a venture, it is crucial to determine if the target market will increase in the future (Anderson 2002). Unique Services The new venture will provide visa application services for free. These services will only be available to loyal customers who wish to extend their visa period or reapply for new ones. Unique services in business ensure that a firm has a competitive edge by differentiating its services (Anderson 2002). This will enable the venture to attract new customers and encourage customer loyalty, which will be beneficial for the firm. The unique services will be tailored according to the customers’ needs in the market by ensuring that they create utility. The first clients will be charged for the services, but at a competitive price compared to other established firms in the area. The aim of a new venture should be to increase its target market by capturing the needs of competitors’ clients that are yet to be met by the established firms. Established firms affect the growth of new ventures since they have an existing market and have experience in the field, which makes the customers favour them over new ventures (Grigoroudis 2010). Unique services are aimed at capturing the attention of the target market by providing services that they did not have before the venture. Customers’ Profile The business intends to increase its customer portfolio by developing a customer profile that will enable a better understanding of the target market. Developing customers’ demographic is essential in determining their spending habits and people who trav
What role does protectionism play in U.S. trade policy? Trade policies vary from one economy to another. It is vital for each economy to adopt a trade policy that will enhance business and protect the interest of its business community. Initially, the art of trade was meant to be a zero sum game. This is a situation where one party gives up something they either have much of, or something they are willing to give up for something else that the other party has too much of or is willing to give up. This is referred to as “a zero sum game” as both parties can be declared winners. However, there is a need to cover one’s self in protectionism as a trade policy. For instance, the U.S. uses this policy as a bargaining chip to penetrate foreign markets. In this case, the threat of protectionism causes the country to engage in free trade agreements (Chorev, 2007). What are the economic consequences of protectionist policies? Protectionism
The discovery of the ocean floor is performed through bathymetry (Garrison and Ellis 104). Mapping the ocean floor of the Hudson River would enable the analysis of sediments and the bottom surface hardness as well as would provide data on bottom features and the depth of the river. To perform the mapping, the following geophysics methods would be employed: the global positioning system (GPS), side-scan sonar, multi-beam swath mapping, and sub-bottom profiling using the ground-penetrating radar (“Hudson River Mapping”). Another useful device for the analysis would be a push core sampler. With its help, specimens would be collected for further investigation of habitat and other elements. Different areas of the Hudson River would be analyzed, and later, the comparison of gathered data would be performed. The investigation of the Hudson River’s ocean floor would bring significant outcomes that could make the analysis of various processes easier. When considering the idea of mapping the area under the Gulf Stream in the Atlantic Ocean, it would be necessary to bear in mind that the topography of deep-ocean basins is quite different from that of the sea basins (Garrison and Ellis 120). Also, the ocean floor structure is divergent from the continental margins. The seafloor of the ocean is a “blanket” of sediment overlying basaltic rocks that are nearly 5 kilometers thick (Garrison and Ellis 120). Over half of the planet’s surface is composed of deep-ocean basins. Taking into consideration the depth of the ocean floor, the following methods might be suggested for its mapping: satellite altimetry and multi-beam sonar (“Mapping the Ocean Floor”). The approach using satellite altimetry would be useful due to the following opportunities:   * the method employs satellites to estimate subtle but lasting divergences in sea-surface height;   * the approach enables global coverage;   * the resolution is 2-5 kilometers;   * the vertical accuracy is 200-300 meters. The multi-beam sonar method has the following advantages:   * it employs a variety of echo-soundings to map narrow segments of the ocean floor (2-10 kilometers);   * it has a good resolution (25-100 meters) (“Mapping the Ocean Floor”). One of the most effective ways of mapping the seafloor is the side-scan sonar system (Rona). This method works by towing a sounding device behind the research vessel. The device then produces acoustic sounds that are reflected off boundaries of various mediums (Rona). The measurement of the sound’s i
It is not a secret that the majority of students prefer not to open their textbooks to study until the last two days before the term exam. Every student understands the importance of the term exam, however, it is hardly possible to learn the course material in two days. Patrick O’Malley in his article “More Testing, More Learning” hypothesizes that frequent exams, for example, once a week, motivate students to learn more. As the result, students have to open textbooks regularly and devote more time to studying. Moreover, frequent exams reduce the stress associated with the final exam and make students more confident in their knowledge. Taking into account that very few professors prefer frequent exams to term exams, there are several alternatives. Nevertheless, O’Malley notes that students need the motivation to study regularly and nothing works like an exam. Frequent exams give professors an opportunity to provide timely feedback to students on how well they are doing. Exams are always stressful. Frequent feedbacks serve two purposes:  1. to give a professor an opportunity to evaluate the gained knowledge of the students  2. to give students a chance to check their understanding of the material. As O’Malley argues, frequent exams and timely feedback motivate students to perform better on major exams and projects. I agree with O’Malley that professors should give in-class tests after each unit or focus of study. Once the chapter, for example, is read by students and explained by a professor, the understanding of the material should be checked. Frequent feedback is the only way to give every student an individual assessment of his or her knowledge. Frequent exams motivate students to learn better and devote more time to studying. It is not a mere assumption of O’Malley. On the contrary, O’Malley uses the results of the research conducted at the University of Vermont and referred to four reliable publications to support the points made throughout the article. In particular, O’Malley uses the citation from the Harvard study noting that multiple exams encourage students to improve their study habits. Students have to learn a lot in the typical course and frequent study is highly beneficial for them. Without proper motivation, students will not develop regular learning habits. O’Malley’s arguments are not assumptions because every point he makes is supported with evidence from a reliable source. Finally, alternatives to frequent exams do benefit the students, however, frequent exams result in better learning and greater confidence about the course. Professors resist frequent exams because they think that regular testing creates too many problems. Implementing a program that would improve study skills and helping students prepare for midterm and exam by providing sets of questions are beneficial for students and encourage