ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Peter Shaffer’s play “Amadeus” is a romanticized drama about an artist’s struggle against the forces of philistinism applied in the context of uneven distribution of genius. Sounds in the film are used to amplify the impact of images. The film version of Peter Shaffer’s psychological drama “Amadeus” uses the music to exemplify the rivalry between the two protagonists. Mozart’s music is a necessary component of the film structure since the play and film attempt to provide an accurate portrayal of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and the events that led to his death. The use of music helps to develop a “true texture and ambiance in the film” that cannot be developed in a theatre. There are different sounds used in the “Amadeus” film including music and screams. Instances of screams include the scene where Salieri screams out “Mozart! Forgive your assassin!” when he confesses that he was the one who killed Mozart. Mozart also screams in anguish, accompanied by two large chords of the Overture to Mozart’s Don Giovanni. Another instance of a blast involves the sudden blast of music at the start of Mozart’s symphony (Tsioulcas, 2003). Diagetic and nondiegetic display of music Tibbetts (2004) identifies the use of diegetic and nondiegetic music in various instances of the film. These scenes are useful in the comparison of the characters of Salieri and Mozart. The three instances identified by Tibbetts (2004) include Mozart’s improvisation on Salieri’s “Welcome March,” Salieri’s stunning encounter with Mozart’s manuscripts, and Mozart’s dictation to Salieri of the Requiem’s Confutatis Malecivtus while on his deathbed. This last scene depicts Salieri struggling with capturing Mozart’s “dictation” of the Confutatis maledictions while the latter is on his deathbed. The film expresses the voices and instrumentation playing in Mozart’s head in a sequence, as they are relayed to Salieri in a psychic manner. The first piece by Mozart involves a male chorus declamation, followed by the trombone instrumentation. Mozart also shares “the underlying tympani, the female voicing, the agitated ostinato passages in strings, and the plangent “voca Mei” for high voices” (Tibbetts, 2004). This scene comes to an end when a pale and feeble Mozart falls back on the pillow fatigued. He also asks for the dictation of the Lacrimosa to stop for the moment. The display of music helps in the development of an exciting scene that depicts a need for urgency. This scene comes towards the end of the film and forms a climax for the previous two scenes forming a graceful arc of Salieri’s shift of emotion.
Introduction The book discusses on the consequences of societal and self identity consciousness on the possibility of adaptive examples of behavior. The author does a good job in including the accommodation that could come up when stigmatized persons intermingle with individuals termed as normal, in direct physical closeness with each other under certain and defined social settings (Goffman, 1986). The book deals with a number of definitional facets of stigma. The author, through the book distinguishes ego identity. From my understanding ego identity is portrayed as the personal feelings of a stigmatized person and how they are able to manage this feeling versus the practical tests of social identity administration. This is the result of stigmatization over a certain period. The aspect of the complex nature is also brought out the different intricacies on whether the stigma could be uncovered before the individuals meet, and the degree of the perception that the stigma presents to the persons concerned. The author tries to espouse the period and the resulting identity management deliberations prior to and after the individuals meet. This involves both persons termed as normal and stigmatized. The author also attempts to introduce a multidimensional psychoanalysis that goes ahead to elicit various techniques for handling any conditions that may arise. These techniques involve both tension and information management (Goffman, 1986). I have realized that the book sets out to investigate the exact phases in the socialization of individuals termed as stigmatized. This investigation covers the period, in which they put effort to resolve experienced gaps between their self perceived realities and the individual standards that they may relate to themselves. The book is cautious to indicate the effect of social group on these stigmatized persons and the consequences of these individuals on their efforts to achieve self realization. There are attempts to broaden explicit issues at the core of stigmatization and the identity management to the community (Goffman, 1986). In my view common individual and societal values may not be entrenched anywhere but may still impact negatively on meetings between the normals and the stigmatized everywhere. In my analysis, the book stresses that individual customs breed differences as well as similarities hence confirming that stigma management is a common aspect of society. I can also emphasize that it is a practice that occurs anywhere there are individual customs. I support the increasing understanding of these concerns in order to enable both parties to take part in the normal and deviant drama. The author goes to the extent to state that both normal and stigmatized represent perspectives and not individuals. In his book, the author explains a win/win
The argument of implementing technology into the educational environment has both followers and opponents (Murthy, 2013). The importance of this issue is being discussed due to its significance to the quality of education (Kurt, 2012). Existing research demonstrates both positive and negative connotations to the use of technology in teaching space. The positive effects include the increased enthusiastic perception of the lesson and greater involvement (Shapley, Sheehan, Maloney, & Caranikas-Walker, 2011). Conversely, the negative effects contain an improved level of unresponsiveness and probability to get distracted (Carroll, 2011). The question to be answered in this study is whether the implementation of technology in classrooms is an efficient practice that can generate the desired positive effects on learning. Methods The statistical analysis will be conducted using the data from the surveys of teachers and principals at public middle schools, as well as reports on student performance in the schools. Participants The study will analyze the performance of the students from two identical grades from two different schools of the same educational level so that the error percentage would not exceed the permitted limit (Karvounidis, Chimos, Bersimis, & Douligeris, 2014). A total of 54 participants (2 principals, 2 teachers, 50 students) will represent the relevant population. The maximum variation sampling strategy is chosen to maximize the variety of the outcomes pertinent to the research question. The demographic that the participants share is the location as they attend the school in the same area. Other demographics, such as gender or age of the students, are nominal to the present research question and study. Procedures The questionnaires will be distributed via e-mail after the permission has been obtained. On the basis of these questionnaires, the research will be able to evaluate the results of the paired sample T-test. The purpose of the T-test is to reflect on the changes in the students’ performance, which is the dependent variable, measured with ratio scale (So, 2012). The nominal independent variable will be the use of IT and will be measured according to the yes/no scale. The paired sample T-test will provide insight into comparing the results from two schools, where one of the schools will eventually abandon the use of IT in the education. The research will reach the verdict on whether the technology has any positive effect on the education among the K-12 sample and to what extent (Smetana & Bell, 2012). The research uses the paired sample T-test strategy because the statistical implication will designate whether the alteration betwe
Introduction Robert C. Tryon, born on September 4, 1901 (Street, 1994) was very famous for his studies in the field of genetics and psychology, especially in psychometrics. One of his famous works includes the cluster analysis. In addition to that, he also did a research regarding heredity through his observations on the “maze-bright” and “maze-dull” rats and their succeeding generations. There haven’t been many accounts about Robert C. Tryon. There have been more records regarding his studies than his life. By the records regarding his studies we may infer that he is affiliated with the University of California, Berkeley as most of his works were published in the said university. Studies of Robert C. Tryon It is interesting to tackle his studies on the maze learning of rats which was actually meant to probe into the possibility of having innate components in living things responsible for their characteristics. It was focused on the nature versus nurture issue in psychology. However, during this time heredity had a weak standpoint (Wills, 1993) and this particular study by Tyron provided substantial information that will support the concept behind genetics and the major role that it plays in individuals. This study conducted in 1922 involves rats who were assessed in a task requiring the rats to find the food in the maze. Those who didn’t find it difficult to finish the task were labeled as “maze-bright” and those who found it difficult to finish the maze were labeled as “maze-dull”. After identifying which rats are maze-dull and maze-bright, male and female rats from the same group were mated in order to obtain the second-generation maze-dull and maze-bright rats (Pinel, 2006). In order to validate the thinking that the environment, not genetics, has a larger effect on the characteristics of individuals the maze-dull second-generation rats were made to be reared by maze-bright parents and vice-versa (Pinel, 2006). Aside from the aforementioned groups of subjects the study also involved second-generation maze-dull rats reared by maze-dull parents. The same thing goes for the maze-bright second-generation rats. This has continued until several generations of both the maze-dull and the maze-bright groups of rats. It has been found that later generations of maze-dull and maze-bright rats have retained this characteristic unique to their group (Wills, 1993). Later studies dur
As one of the most publicized buzzwords of the Information Age, the term globalization seems to lurk its way towards all aspects of our lives. Globalization is catalyzing important changes in the economic, social, technological, cultural, and political arena, yet the developments it had brought about are superficial because it has numerous negative implications for people in poorer countries. Lindsay and Daalder claim that ″globalization is not just an economic phenomenon, but a political, cultural, military, and environmental one as all″ (144). As a concept, McGrew captured the complexity of the current view of globalization in a concise and balanced way. He defined globalization as: The multiplicity of linkages and interconnections between the states and societies make up the modern world system. It describes the process by which events, decisions, and activities in one part of the world can come to have significant consequences for individuals and communities in quite distant parts of the globe (McGrew 23). However, Jubasz exposed that, based upon an unswerving data available, economic globalization consistently ushered in the “dramatic increase in global inequality and poverty in modern history”. Globalization of trade had only benefited the countries with bigger economies to dominate over economically challenged countries. Furthermore, United States Trade Representative Bob Zoellick argued in the Washington Post that economic globalization emphasized how “fragile democracies” are in difficulty in overcoming poverty and building up the opportunity. Thus, policies that govern globalization seemed to be detrimental for Third World countries. When these policies are to be enforced in their full force, countries around the world will find themselves struggling in the future at worst circumstances. In other words, globalization seems to be capitalism in sheep’s clothing. With economic globalization, policies like liberalization, free trade, deregulation, diminished government spending, and privatization focused their benefits towards nations that fix the rules. This makes Third World governments and communities powerless and they serve as pawns victimized by the unfavorable measures of globalization. Problems like ensuring equity to protect workers, protecting the environment, doling out social services, and instigating sustainable livelihoods will be ignored if they pursue to become globally competitive. Thus, it cannot be denied that economic globalization and its institutions that promote it, like the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), only promoted the onslaught of global inequality and global poverty that preyed upon the poorest nations around the world. Thomas Friedman (1999) in his book “The Lexus an
Measurement OPEL automobile company has identified a few concerns from customers who call frequently on our official customer care line. Some more customers have occasionally complained on radios and other media. A few more have posted their issues online on our customer care email address. We have also undertaken a field research on the same and sampled several opinions from our customers and the potential market. Some customers have also visited our premises personally to lodge their complaints. (Venkitaraman & Jaworski 1993). They were majorly relying on these ways because they are the main avenues through which their grievances could reach us. In total, the company has received approximately 991 customer concerns. These issues were revolving around two major concerns: efficiency of the engine and the durability of the spray paint. Below is a table that gives a detailed summary of customer needs, the drivers to those needs, and the critical to quality (CTQ). Need                                                     Need drivers                                                                                      CTQ                                                                                                                                                      Improve the efficiency and quality of engines              * The aluminum lining heats really fast and can cause unwarranted burns                           * The aluminum must be replaced with a less heating metal so as to minimise accidents                                                                                                                             * The rate of fuel consumption is too high and have proven costly on the part of the customers    * Very specialised fuel burners should be developed or sourced for so as to minimise customer expenditure on fuel                                      Make the spray paint a little more permanent or durable    * The paint scratches out at the slightest contact with sharp objects                             * A painting method that uses a more sticky paint with a very fine finishing that will escape scratches so that cars stay decent over longer durations                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The above table provides benchmarks for satisfying customer needs. This process of quality adjustment and control is meant to serve the purpose of making us the market leaders and beater. If we make a lot of changes and improve our manag
After completing her service as a marine LuAnn Johnson, goes to work at the Californian college. A woman knows that she is better off hiding her past, so she will not cause unnecessary gossip; therefore, she comes up with some facts about her past life. LuAnn teaches English to students, and this does not scare her, because a simple job finally gives her a break from the stressful everyday life that she had during the service. However, the students immediately show LuAnn their severe and dangerous characters. Natives of the lower class of the population, are busy with their personal life, teenage worries, and prohibited means, and the study is in the last place. This film shows the viewer the profession of a teacher in several ways. Firstly, the film represents some unrealistic parts of the teaching profession. For example, the main character repeatedly violates the dress code, trying to attract the attention of her students (Dangerous Minds, 14:30 – 23:30). Secondly, LuAnn teaches karate to students, which also contradicts the rules of the institution and can even lead to legal proceedings in case of injury. Despite this, there are quite realistic scenes; for example, one where the teacher reads the poem to her students and receives a response. As Jeong claims in her article, “it is a significant turning point for the students to stop being victimized and to accept their reality with more positive and serious attitudes” (49). Even though before the children did not even think about learning, they understand the meaning of the words and change their attitude towards poetry. The described film reveals the teaching profession from a new perspective, not only as a provider of knowledge but also as a person who can teach the children to think and change their attitude towards life. The unique position of the main character towards each student and the rewriting of a strict curriculum helped to change the stubborn children of the ghetto (Ebert, 1995). The teacher, among other things, should help people find hope and determine their choice of the
Introduction Aveva Group is an information technology company based in the United Kingdom (UK). The organisation developed from a 1967 government initiative to start a computer-aided centre in Cambridge. Since its inception, the Cambridge-based firm has grown from having a local presence in the UK to enjoy a global appeal in more than 37 countries around the world. These markets host more than 55 business locations where the company has offices (AVEVA 2017). Its regional headquarters are in Houston – Texas (for the Americas market), Kuala Lumpur-Malaysia (for the Asia-Pacific markets) and Sulzbach – Germany (for Europe, Middle East and African markets) (AVEVA 2017). Aveva Group provides information technology (IT) services to different types of clients around the world (AVEVA 2017). Some of the key services provided by the holding company include engineering design, software development and IT consultancy services (Bloomberg 2017). Other services include information management, product support and human resource training (AVEVA 2017). The company offers these services under three product categories: enterprise solutions, marine solutions, and plant solutions (Annual Reports 2017). Aveva’s services are aimed at giving its clients the chance to innovate, visualise and manage their assets through the deployment of digital management tools. Its services are beneficial to its clients because they allow them to lower their total ownership costs in the management of corporate assets and boost revenues as a result. Today, Aveva Group is listed on the London Stock exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index. This paper is a report on the financial performance of the UK Company within the last five years – 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017. This report is divided into two parts. The first one will review the company’s profitability, liquidity, key performance indicators (KPI), net a
Introduction The major role of police officers is seen in their maintenance of public order following a legal framework. A police officer is, in his day-to-day duties, expected to adhere to the laid down legal principles if he has to be effective in those duties. However, we have often heard of episodes where the police have been found to flout the same laws they purport to enforce. Cases of police brutality, unlawful arrests, or even illegally obtained evidence are not new to our ears. This means that, in many instances, the police themselves are ignorant of their crucial role in ensuring the prevalence of the rule of law at all times. Therefore, they need to be directed and guided on how to carry out this role. In addition, who could be more suited for this position except for their own supervisors? This essay discusses the various ways the police supervisors can, through coaching, monitoring, and counseling their juniors to effect change in their institutions and ensure a religious following of the law. Supervising Role of police supervisors Though normally overlooked, the role of police supervisors is very vital, not just to that particular institution, but also to the whole society at large. “Clearly, the work of sergeants – much like that of a symphony conductor – can either enhance or weaken the community’s perception of the department’s professionalism” (Werder, 1996, p. 2). Their success is seen, not by how skilled they are in their work, but by what proportion of those skills is portrayed by their subordinates through the performance of their duties. They achieve their roles through the motivation of subordinates, coaching, and counseling. Mentoring an employee involves teaching. “Mentoring can be defined as the proactive development of each subordinate through observation, assessment, coaching, teaching developmental counseling and evaluation” (More & Miller 2007, P.280). It is aimed at increasing a subordinate’s productivity by imparting skills as well as a sense of belonging. Supervisors should evaluate their performance and reward each person’s work accordingly, depending on how good or substandard it is, thus making them accountable for their actions. This further motivates them. Most individuals look forward to being valued by their seniors through promotion, recognition, and approval. This makes them satisfied with their work resulting in increased productivity. Failure to do this reduces employees’ morale and productivity. It includes motivating subordinates. Motivation is a very effective method of increasing the productivity of staff. The study has shown that “…unhappy officers are more apt to be absent, suffer more symptoms of fatigue, burnout, or anxiety, and less likely to identify with organizational goals” (Fitch, 1982). The reverse is also true. Coaching Can be realized through effective communication. This is where supervisors ensure that employees stay focused on their primary responsibilities and perform their duties to standards. They formulate rules and policies to be and implement them on their juniors. “In performing this role, they help to build and maintain the all-important trust relationship betwee