ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
An organization’s culture is essential to the continued success of its operations, as it reflects the motivation of its employees and the probability of new ideas surfacing. Furthermore, it can express itself in the company’s promotional initiatives, whether intentionally on the part of the creators or not. This essay inspects the corporate culture of Nike, Inc. and its relationship with the corporation’s objectives, strategies, and marketing goals. Nike is strongly focused on individual excellence and creativity as central employee traits. According to Young (2017), the company espouses values such as talent, diversity, and exclusivity, although the freedom given to workers may lead to managerial inefficiency. The goal of the culture is to foster an environment where new ideas are continuously created and refined, then put into practice as products. Nike’s success in the international market indicates that the approach is successful. The inner workings of the company are consistent with its mission statement, which is available on its website. According to Nike Inc. (n.d.), the corporation’s goal is to “bring inspiration and innovation to every athlete in the world” (para. 1), with a clarification that includes every living human in the world into the definition of “athlete.” The marketing goals of the company are not clearly stated, but they are implied by its mission to be continuous growth and outreach to every person to improve himself or herself through sports with Nike’s help. Nike’s corporate culture is overall positive, with considerable freedom given to workers and ideas being encouraged. It aligns with the company’s mission statement and values, which espouse inspiration and innovation. While the corporation’s marketing goals are not clearly stated, they likely are in line with its organizational targets and are based on Nike’s vision. Overall, the company’s image is well-designed, promoted inside it as well as outside, and successful in selling the brand.
Project Background Toyota Motor Corporation Australia Ltd. is the dominating company which operates within the automobile industry of Australia and over the world. Toyota Motor Corporation produces vehicles which meet the customers’ expectations in relation to their quality and effect on the environments ( Toyota Sustainability Report 2012). Thus, Toyota Motor Corporation focuses on the development of specific strategies regarding the corporate social responsibility ( Toyota Sustainability Report 2010 ). The company focuses on principles of sustainability and aims to respond to the global needs of the environmental protection using the innovative technologies. The project of implementing the new water cycling technology at the company’s plant in Altona, Victoria, Australia, provides a lot of benefits for developing the firm’s image within the industry as the successful company which follows the ideas of sustainability and implements projects to reduce using water resources and pollution. Water cycling technologies are used within the industry and associated spheres by such companies as Mitsubishi (Japan) and Magic Hand Car Wash (Australia) ( Magic Hand Car Wash 2012; Mitsubishi Electric: a practical water recycling solution 2013). Implementing the water cycling technology in Altona following the experience of Mitsubishi, Toyota Motor Corporation aims to become the leader company within the Australian automobile industry which uses the effective recycling technology basing on the implementation of the microfiltration system, several reverse osmosis systems, and the industrial storage tank ( Commercial water tanks 2013; Reverse Osmosis Unit 2010). This fact can contribute to increasing the company’s competitive advantage and profits. The focus on the non-waste process is effective for the company’s progress and developing the notion of sustainability. 355,611 kL of water used at the Altona plant during 2011/2012 can be saved with the help of the new technology ( Dissolved metals removal from wastewater 2011; Toyota Australia Sustainability Report 2012). The 100% reuse of the water resources is the main goal of Toyota Motor Corporation in Australia. The company’s profits will increase basing on the expense reduction and usage of cycling technologies. Project Definition Nature of Project The project planned to be implemented at the Altona plant is based on the u
The concepts of a clinical repository and a data warehouse are similar in nature and indicate a database of relevant information. Nevertheless, there are several significant differences that affect the choice of healthcare organizations in adopting one of the models. In general, both systems retrieve healthcare information about the patients and diseases from various clinical sources (Campbell, 2018). The primary difference is the consequent capability of the model to analyze this data. Clinical repositories are valuable sources of information; however, they do not permit the analysis of the data and its integration into other systems of the hospital. In other words, these databases only store the information that the responsible personnel retrieves to make clinical decisions. In terms of pediatric communicable diseases and vaccination statuses, it is possible to retrieve information about them, but it is complicated to connect one piece of data to another (Campbell, 2018). From these considerations, clinical repositories might not be the appropriate choice for complex databases. On the other hand, data warehouses are more comprehensive systems that are capable of retrieving information from a larger number of sources and analyzing it simultaneously. Therefore, the primary difference between the two models is the superior analytics capability of data warehouses (Campbell, 2018). For instance, it is possible to connect laboratory results, diagnoses, demographics, treatment, and personal information to create a more integrated system (Hamoud et al., 2018). As a result, clinical data warehouses (CDWs) might significantly improve the quality of clinical decisions and the speed of data processing (Hamoud et al., 2018). In the current case, the system might analyze the vaccinated patients and their diagnoses (communicable or non-communicable) and accommodate them accordingly. Furthermore, CDWs might be used to separate the data from clinical, managerial, research, and administrative perspectives (Hamoud et al., 2018). In other words, compared to clinical repositories, CDWs are more accessible and increase the overall speed of decision-making. Consequently, it is vital to decide on the data sources to fill in the information concerning pediatric communicable diseases. While it is possible to utilize external sources to create the database, this approach might obstruct the full functionality of a data warehouse. As mentioned briefly before, the primary advantage of this model is analytics capability, and it might be further enhanced by using internal sources. It is more complex to create a database utilizing only internal sources; however, it will enhance the overall productivity of the framework in the long ter
Enzyme Definition and Theories The concept of an enzyme is exceptionally important to understand in regards to biology, biochemistry, as well as biotechnology. The term “enzyme” refers to a biological catalyst, which increases the rate of a certain chemical reaction occurring in the cell. Enzymes are mostly proteins since they are made up of amino acids. However, RNA molecules are also categorized as enzymes even though they do not have proteins on them. Enzymes are reusable since they are not harmed throughout the reaction they become a part of. According to the National Human Genome Research Institute (2021), a cell cam contain up to “thousands of different types of enzyme molecules, each specific to a particular chemical reaction” (para. 1). In addition, it is crucial to mention enzymes are highly selective in terms of reactions and substrates they are going to catalyze. Substrates are known as the molecules that enzymes interact with. As for the theories that explain how enzymes function, there are two primary approaches utilized to examine the interaction between an enzyme and substrates. The first one is the lock-and-key model, which posits that a specific area of an enzyme is shaped perfectly to accommodate a precise substrate type exclusively. The second theory, known as the induced-fit model, explains that enzymes and substrates have to accommodate each other by changing their shapes. How an Allosteric Enzyme Functions Allosteric enzymes are a unique phenomenon, which is essential to discuss as well. They have similar characteristics to enzymes, such as the fact that they are also biological catalysts. Yet, their behavior does not follow the Michaelis-Menten model. Such enzymes have a regulatory role since they initiate the development of complex enzyme-substrate links, which either foster or obstruct binding activities that might follow. What makes an allosteric enzyme unique is that it has an allosteric site above an active site. Thus, the process of binding with a substrate occurs with the help of the allosteric site. This allows allosteric enzymes to be more flexible and adapt to different environments rather quickly. Furthermore, this distinct property amplified such enzymes’ catalytic activities. Beeram et al. (2019) note that “allosteric enzymes are regulated by various means like phosphorylation and covalent modification” (p. 180). To sum it all up, allosteric enzymes possess a unique property, enabling them to be more adaptable, which is essential for their roles as regulators. Factors Affecting the Rate of Enzyme Activity There are a variety of factors, which have the ability to dictate the rate of enzyme activity. This rate essentially refers to the speed of enzyme catalyzation, which then leads to a reaction resulting in a substrate turning into a product. Some of the factors that influence the rate of enzyme activity include enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, proton concentration (pH), as well as temperature. As for the effect of enzyme concentration, it is important to note that there is a direct proportion between the reaction’s initial rate and enzyme concentration. If all the other factors that affe
Extinction is the total disappearance of a species from the earth’s surface. It leads to a lack of surviving members of some species to reproduce in order create a new generation of the extinct species. Different plants and animals due to various reasons, which are either natural or man-made. These reasons are habitat degradation, over exploitation of available resources, agricultural monocultures, poaching and commercial hunting, human-wildlife or human-induced climate change and destruction of land to build factories and residential areas. Protecting a rare species of animals or plants is therefore a responsibility of all human beings to ensure the betterment of our planet (Cunningham, & Saigo, 2005). Animal or plant species’ protection from extinction is beneficial because all species are important for balance in the nature world. Moreover, some animals and plants are key in the field of medicine since they provide raw materials used to produce different drugs. These species may include the African clawed frog that secretes antibiotics, the dogfish shark which has cancer fighting molecules. In addition, chemicals found in certain plants assist in treatment of Hodgkin’s disease and other types of cancers. Also, some extract
Introduction World power is a term used to refer to a powerful country in the world. Power is exhibited in the form of an increased presence of the country in global affairs. The affairs are mainly economic, political, and social in nature. A world power holds a commanding position in international relations, both regionally and globally. According to Mungello (1999), a rising power is a country that is emerging as a major power and can play a major role in the international system. Military, economic, political, and diplomatic advancements in relation to other countries are the commonest indicators of a country’s movement towards becoming a global power. There are no special criteria for deciding which countries are emerging world powers, but one of the most imperative elements is a rapidly growing economy: one that can sustain the advancement in areas listed above. Rising world powers cause worries and uncertainty among other global powers due to their unpredictability. Understanding China’s changing role as an emerging world power in the international environment requires a study of its history. China has faced extensive humiliation from Western countries in its quest to reclaim its lost glory as a world superpower. Nonetheless, it has remained determined to reclaim its position at the top through nationalistic assertiveness and a harmonious rise (Mungello, 1999). A study of China’s history reveals that it was the world’s superpower between 1400 and1600, but declined in the subsequent years due to Western influence. Cultural Borrowing and Assimilation between 1500 and 1800 Cultural borrowing and assimilation in the period between 1500 and1800 were some of the factors that caused the fall of China (Mungello, 1999). The borrowing went both directions, to the east and to the west. During this period, the use of the terms West and East was as pronounced as it is today. The Chinese referred to Europe as either “Far West,” “Western Land,” or “Western Sea” (Mungello, 1999). On the other hand, the term “Eastern Sea” referred to China. “Western scholars” were those scholars from Europe, while Chinese scholars were called “Eastern scholars” (Mungello, 1999). These scholars, together with traders and missionaries, aided the mutual exchange between the East and the West. This period witnessed massive intercultural exchanges between the Ming and Manchu China and the West (European countries) (Mungello, 1999). Religious and intellectual interchange had a massive impact on China and European countries in the Enlightenment age as well. The Chinese Christian literati borrowed ideas on how to separate Buddhism and Christianity. In Neo-Confucianism, Western countries adopted ideas from Confucianism in their quest to replace Christianity with a natural religion (Mungello, 1999). The flow of influence between the E
Introduction Mood disorders, as well as other mental health problems, bother many people around the whole globe. These conditions influence people’s abilities to think, feel, and behave normally by the already established norms and expectations. Mental illnesses may be of different types, including depression, schizophrenia, and anxiety. Each disease has its causes, signs, and methods of treatment. About one in five Americans are annually diagnosed with mental illnesses, and more than 50% of people are exposed to have such a diagnosis at a particular point in their lives (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018). Positive psychotherapy is one of the well-known clinical modalities in modern medicine. Although this method is relatively new, many clinics and healthcare providers have already discovered its benefits from theoretical and practical perspectives. The major focus of positive psychotherapy is happiness and the development of optimistic emotions. There are many approaches to be applied within the frames of the chosen therapy with its unique effects on disorder treatment. In this paper, special attention will be paid to the characteristics and techniques of positive psychotherapy and its use in managing such disorders as depression and schizophrenia. Positive Psychotherapy Overview Positive psychotherapy is one of the applications in positive psychology that is frequently used in modern therapeutic settings. The main idea of positive psychology is the recognition of factors that may positively influence human life. Rashid (2015) finds it effective to discuss this form of therapy through the prism of positive psychology that was developed by Chris Peterson several years ago. According to this theory, psychology has to be focused on both human strengths and weaknesses to create and take the best things from this life, as well as repair the worst elements (Peterson, as cited in Rashid, 2015). In their turn, Walsh, Cassidy, and Priebe (2016) extend the discussion and prove that such a component as engagement that includes blessings journals and character strengths is applied more often than such components as pleasure and meaning. Such findings show that positive psychotherapy is a complex clinical modality with several aspects to be evaluated. The development of the term “positive psychotherapy” is closely connected with the works by Martin Seligman, Nossrat Peseschkian, and Tayyab Rashid. Seligman was a founder of positive psychology in 1998 who believed that this type of therapy must be developed within a patient and his/her congenial or positive relationships that are based on the recognition of personal strengths and weaknesses (Harrison & Ackerman). Rashid was the first researcher who applied this modality to depressed people and considered a therapist as a coach who could re-educate patients’ attention and memory (Dobiała & Winkler, 2016). However, Peseschkian remains the only father of positive psychotherapy as a definite psycho
Introduction Reentry refers to the issues related to the transition of ex-offenders from incarceration to community. Reentry comprises of all the efforts aimed at ensuring that those released from prison are able to relate well with the general society. Collateral consequences of criminal charges or the “Four’Cs” are the indirect consequences of criminal convictions and “comprise a mixture federal, statutory and regulatory law as well as local policies and are part of arrest, prosecution or conviction but are not part of the sentence imposed” (National Crime Prevention Council 1). The essay looks at reentry collateral in details and the effects it has had on the community and individuals. The systems and policies being applied by organizations are analyzed. A discussion on how to improve the policies being implemented before they become laws is included in this article. History and the process of reentry process It can be correctly argued out that those who are involved in the reentry programs have one main goal of ensuring that the subjects integrate well with the society. It is significant that the returning person is able to fit well with the society as this will make it possible for him/her to avoid engaging in criminal activities. Some of the challenges the ex-prisoner is likely to face include housing, public safety, employment and families. Other challenges to reentry include problems with family relationships where if not already problematic, are often weakened by incarceration. Convicted felons have difficulty finding employment and this can be aggravated by prison experiences (Irwin 1). Recidivism is the process whereby there is a tendency to re-lapse into previous criminal behavior; the individual characteristics that influence recidivism includes “demographic characteristics, prison experience, employment history, education level, criminal record, and substance abuse dependence” (The Heritage Foundation 1). It has been noted that recidivists tend to have a history of crime record which is traceable to their early ages when they were still young (The Heritage Foundation 1). Ex-prisoners have a lower rate of literacy than individuals in the general population, ex-prisoners also face unmet health and mental needs and housing issues due to legislation that bar the ex-convicts (National Crime Prevention Council 1). Some of the housing issues that ex-offenders face include: finding affordable rental housing, maximizing the use of existing housing resources and identifying and eliminating the stigma of ex-offenders in order to receive housing from the society (The Heritage Foundation 1). It has been noted that families offer very significant support for the individuals who are entering the society from the prisons: “former prisoners living with their families are less likely to drop out of reentry programs compared to their counterparts who do not live with their families” (The Heritage Foundation 1). Collateral consequences mean legal, social and economic barriers to an individual reentry into his/her society: Although many individuals released from jail leave with the hope of a fresh start, these barriers make it di
Searching for BMW case study essay to get inspired? Look no further! This BMW marketing strategy case study analyses the company’s strategic management and the approach to customer segmentation. Introduction BMW is one of the most recognized brands in the world. It is at the echelon of the automobile industry, producing products that are known for a combination of quality, utility, and style. Customer segmentation is a management factor that all companies should consider in their marketing strategy. This case study analysis attempts to examine the BMW brand and its approach to market segmentation to expand its automobile sales. BMW Case Study Summary BMW developed into an international automobile company after World War II and achieved tremendous success by the mid-20th century. In 2012, it had international sales exceeding $106 billion (Kotler & Keller, 2016). The BMW is an instantly recognizable symbol, a tribute to the company’s early days as an aircraft manufacturer. Originally, BMW attempted to appeal to baby boomers, producing sports sedans that were luxurious and demonstrated high performance. This became the 3, 5, and 7 series which were a similar design in different sizes. At the beginning of the 21st century, as consumer needs shifted, BMW began to introduce a wide variety of other vehicles, ranging from premium SUVs to convertibles and roadsters, as well as cheaper compact cars in Series 1. BMW offered options to family-oriented consumers, wealthy conservatives that sought luxury, and those needing bigger cars for outdoor activities, as well as those seeking highly flamboyant vehicles. BMW Case Study: Defining the Issue BMW utilizes various advertising tactics and methods but has continued to employ the tagline “The Ultimate Driving Machine” since 1974. It has seen a steady increase in sales in the US and focuses on emphasizing quality rather than status. BMW consumers usually demonstrate loyalty, but the company seeks to attract new customers. The marketing
Interview Summaries The first interview The first interview involves a senior administrative assistant at Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation. Her duties include provision of administrative support to numerous employees and contractors, setting up and monitoring operational expenses, supervising and mentoring an external IT organization, and providing multiple assistance at senior levels within the IT departments. Beverly Petronzino has 15 years full-time experience since he graduated from high school level. She takes care of three back up temporary administrators who are usually hired after every six months and other support administrators handling contracting staff and their regular needs. This takes place on a regular basis. She had worked in several health care establishments in the past 11 years before her first employment as a contractor in this company. She assumed this position for a period of six consecutive years before she could be hired as a full-