ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The main theme that affects the organization’s culture is the aspect of its leadership styles. There is definitely a straight connection between the leadership style and the organization’s culture. Some of the leadership styles that show an interrelationship with the organization’s culture include directing, supporting, coaching and delegating. Directing involves definition of employees’ roles and telling them what, how and when they should do various tasks. Supporting leaders recognize and listen facilitate problem-solving situations. A leader who has coaching skills provides the direction while at the same time hears the person’s feelings, ideas and suggestions. A leader who delegates duties allows people to be more autonomous given that the leader has seen an aspect of competence, commitment and confidence in the people that they lead (Ken 2008). A leader who exercises any of the above styles allows innovations to take root. A good example of this situation is one that involved John Delorean when he was ones a division head of General Motors. He led by using all the above styles thereby enhancing innovations in the company (National Defense University, Not Dated). Qualities of leadership do not change. Instead, various aspects aimed at improving the qualities are added to the existing qualities in order to improve the standards of effective leadership. The static characteristic of quality leadership is contrasted with the ever changing management structure in any organization. This is because throughout time, there has been loss of middle management because the structures of contemporary organizations keep flattening off. These reasons prompt the current organization leadership to possess greater project management skills (Snell, a. 2009). The leadership of the company must therefore be composed of visionary and inspirational people. Such kinds of leaders are able to know what needs to be achieved and they can also create an image of how things ought to be (Snell 2009). An effective leader must also be aware and be influential. The awareness of a leader will make them understand the abilities of each individual. A good leader must also understand their role in influencing the group that they lead. Hence an influential leader will use vision and employ the services of stakeholders in order to sway an opinion. In addition, effective leadership skills must have the aspects of trustworthiness so as to be honest and open to the team under the leader. They should also keep track of progress as a way of monitoring the targets. Taking all these factors into consideration, it can be deciphered that the role of a leader is pretty challenging (Buble & Ivana 2007). Managers can develop good leadership skills through many ways. Leaders need to observe methods and skills of their b
Federal Laws on Discrimination in Higher learning institutions Primarily, there are two federal legislations that offer protection to individuals who are disabled. These federal laws protect individuals from discrimination within learning environments. These legislations include the Americans with Disability Act of 1990 (ADA), and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. The protection for individuals with disabilities was enhanced through the ADA Amendments Act of 2008. The ADA was signed into law in the year 1990 by President George Bush. The law offers protection against discrimination to various individuals with disabilities in colleges and universities within the United States (Russo & Osborne, p 14). According to the ADA, all individuals should be given an equal chance in life irrespective of their conditions. The ADA is divided into various subsections, which address certain aspects of the Act. In a general sense, ADA condemns any discrimination based on an individual’s disability. Title II of the ADA requires state and local institutions to avoid discrimination based on an individual’s disability. Therefore, title II covers institutions of higher learning as it prohibits these institutions from discriminating against individuals with disabilities. Title II of the same Act addresses the issue of discrimination in private institutions. Apart from the ADA, there is Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, which requires all programs that get federal financial assistance to avoid discrimination based on disability. This section covers all learning institutions that get direct or indirect federal financial assistance. Therefore, this section applies to virtually all institutions of higher learning. It can be asserted that the ADA and Section 504 are essentially geared towards protecting individuals with disabilities in higher learning institutions against discrimination (Russo & Osborne, p. 15). The laws on the American higher education are meant to protect students who are disabled against discrimination from the learning institutions. This is because most of the higher learning institutions do not offer the appropriate services to such students that are meant to enhance their education. Instead, they disregard these students, and that the students are unable to get the right facilities. The federal law gives students the right to acquire the right education, just like the normal students in the same institution (Leap, p. 3). The federation committee does this by identifying the students who have such disabilities. This is achieved by getting such information from a certain institution where the student has been admitted, as well as dealing with any complains arising from the students from the various institutions. The students who are found with disabilities are briefed on their rights regarding education. They are also given advice in case they face discrimination from the institution. Discrimination in learning institutions takes various forms and can be found in learning facilities, accommodation facilities or other benefit denied by the institution
Introduction Holistic care requires knowing oneself and the patient as well as a personal dedication to human service. It entails being caring and loving to bridge the gap between the caregiver and the recipient. For nurses, self-reflection on individual beliefs and cultural influences, as well as those of the patient, is important for optimal care delivery. In this paper, I reflect on my professional experiences and personal beliefs that influence my work as a nurse. Models of Health and Healing Existing paradigms in holistic health and healing fall into three historical periods, each defined with a specific model. In this paper, two frameworks – Era I and Era III – and their view of the human body are distinguished. Era I (1860-1950) encompasses the biomedical model that advances the reductionist view of the body (Santos & Lima-Basto, 2014). This mechanistic perspective considers bodily dysfunctions as an adverse outcome of pathogens or chemical imbalance; hence, it emphasizes on pharmacotherapy and surgery. The fundamental premise is that health and wellness are physical aspects. In contrast, Era III (the 1970s) is grounded in a multi-paradigmatic – mind, body, and spirit – model, which integrates conventional medicine with non-pharmacological therapies to improve patient outcomes (Koerner, 2011). Thus, unlike in Era I where the body is seen as an objective entity, in Era III it is conceptualized as interactive-integrated component composed of the body, mind, and spirit. Alternative healing methods such as Ayurvedic practices and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) resemble the Era III model. They conceptualize the body as a balanced five-element entity and believe that illness arises due to an imbalance between these components (Weil, 2004). Thus, Era III includes holistic, evidence-based medicine, which is a shift fro
Introduction Program Attended The title of the in-service training program attended was ‘Why is customer service important in healthcare?’ It was held on 28 th September 2018. The location of the training was the Brooklyn Hospital Center, and the presenter was the Nurse Educator. The time framework for the program was between 9 am, and 11 am on October 5 th , 2018. Target Audience The audience comprised of RNs, nurse aides, and nursing students. The objective of the training session was to explain why customer service is a crucial component of quality care. It was presented in an auditorium with an audience of over 100 nurses. Since the professional background of the audience was nursing, the subject was clinically relevant, and the nurses could grasp essential concepts. It comprised of nurses of different ages, both genders, and a minimum BSN degree. Philosophy Statement or Vision Statement The presentation included a customer-service philosophy statement that encompassed three aspects: being there for the patient, lighten their day, and have a positive attitude. The presenter urged nurses to be compassionate listeners in order to provide patient-centered service. She envisioned a polite, friendly staff that relate to each patient in recognition of the diversity of healthcare needs in clinical settings. Program Objectives/
Too Far Removed The so-called historicity of the Bible questions the Bible’s acceptability as a history. Ever since the 17th century, when scholars first dared to criticize the validity of Biblical teaching, there has been conducted extensive research to verify whether the described events actually happened. Two schools of thought with opposite views emerged and created a maximalist-minimalist dichotomy that has long been seen as intractable (Klein, Blomberg & Hubbard, 2017). Biblical maximalists took a fundamentalist perspective toward the interpretation of the Scripture and claimed the historical accuracy of the accounts provided. Biblical minimalists, on the other hand, assume that the stories have an aetiological character. Both schools have a point, and it is possible to find a middle ground, namely, accept that there is no certainty that every story took place. Researchers have gathered a body of evidence on some of the described events. The rest does not lose its spiritual and historical significance and can still be highly educational. Following the minimalist approach, one can say that a devoted Christian who is committed to pursuing God can make use even of those parts of Scripture that lack archaeological evidence. That is not to say that such a person is in Christ because of his or her naivety. To such an individual, the historicity of a passage might not really matter because they are intelligent and conscientious enough to learn something on their own. The Bible, specifically the New Testament, describes people’s encounters with the Divine. Such encounters are not limited to those brought up in the Scripture. Each person is capable of creating an eventful relationship with Christ and, thus, draw their own evidence. Despite the personal nature of the connection that a Christian builds with God, it cannot be said that he or she has the freedom to attribute whatever meaning they see fit to the Scripture. Many passages are relatable, and the reader can easily think of an event in their own life that reflects what is being taught. This does not mean that they have an understanding of the multilayered, multidimensional text that is the Holy Bible. Some parts of it only make sense if the reader is aware of the reality of the time when they were written (Hill, 2014). It is advised that Christians deepen their understanding by attending service and Bible study groups. There they can find the guidance they need to enhance their interpretation skills. Reflection Journal Entry Fee and Stuart’s How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth (2014) provides an extensive set of tools to interpret the Scripture. One of the most compelling ideas that Fee and Stuart (2014) had to offer is that every reader is an interpreter of his or her own. It does not mean that their unique understanding of the Bible is correct. Reading the B
A popular opinion amongst people nowadays is that history, as a study, is becoming less relevant. The world is moving forwards, so the opinion goes, and so studying the past is actually retrogressive. Careers that are considered noble or laudable commonly have scientific leanings or at least some direct and specialized demand in the job market. These careers include medicine, law, engineering and so on. Mainstream institutions have these careers in focus when selecting the courses to be taught. The irony of all this is that when the professionals from these careers get out into the open world, they are supposed to contribute to history through their achievements. Their achievements are supposed to build up on what has already been accomplished, and surpass it. How they are supposed to surpass what they don’t know escapes reason, but this is the very requirement being imposed on every profession. History may not have direct applicability in the modern field, but it should not just be discarded. If anything, a way should be found of integrating it into every other discipline being taught. This way, professionals from all disciplines know exactly where they are coming from in their unique fields, and what areas are still yet to be covered. Clearly, history is indispensable. Opinion about history Within history, there is a storehouse of information about past achievements by humans. There is information about past behaviors observed in certain societies, and a way of determining how such societies are likely to evolve. History has been used to study wars, understand talent and genius, come to terms with past misadventures, and form a basis for chartering a way into the future. It has been used to assess the evolution of societies, beliefs and value systems in various regions of the world. It has also been used to trail mankind’s advances- in technology, industry, politics and global interaction, and how all these have influenced our way of life. Through history, we can get into the minds of past heroes and h
Diana Levine sued Wyeth at the Vermont Supreme Court, seeking compensation from the defendant for improperly written instructions to Phenergan that resulted in the amputation of one of the plaintiff’s limbs; litigation continued in the Supreme Court. Levine was a professional string and keyboard player who suffered from migraines and nausea (Halbert and Ingulli 323). She regularly visited the local medical facility to receive Phenergan injections as part of her treatment. One day the migraine symptoms were so severe that she decided to go to the clinic for a second dose. The health care provider gave her a second dose via the IV-push method. It is unknown what went wrong, but Levine lost her right arm and forearm because of gangrene caused by incorrect injection. Consequently, she filed lawsuits against the physician assistant, the local clinic, and Wyeth. It should be noted that Wyeth is the company that manufactures Phenergan. Levine claimed that “Wyeth should have instructed clinicians to use the IV-push method instead of the higher risk IV-push method” (Halbert and Ingulli 323). The jury ruled in Levine’s favor and demanded $ 7,400,000 in damages from Wyeth. However, dissatisfied with the jury’s verdict, the pharmaceutical company filed an appeal with the Supreme Court. There, Wyeth argued that the two levels of law, state and federal, contradict each other to convince the Supreme Court that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is to blame. They stated that it was impossible to comply with state and federal laws regarding the labeling of their products simultaneously, but they did not provide any relevant evidence. It has also bee
The art, science and practice of creating photographs has been one of the most interesting occupations in all history since it plays a pivotal role in preserving priceless memories that have touched people. The career of photography is often sought after because of its prestige, the love of creating photographs, and the opportunity to immortalize exciting, captivating, or thought provoking events in life. Thus, I chose photography as a profession because of its reputation and my love for taking pictures to represent memorable moments in life. It is of essence to note that a number of variations exist in the field of photography, for example, self-employment and commercial photographing are just some of the ways one can successfully earn a living as a photographer. Photography is an interesting profession. In summary, the work of photographers involve generating and saving images which paint a picture, illustrate a tale, or document an occasion, through either using traditional cameras or a digital cameras to record the memorable images. Traditional cameras store the pictures on silver halide film, which is later reproduced on paper (Ingledew, 194). And, digital cameras overcomes some of the problems of traditional cameras through electronically storing the images and thus enhancing the quality of the pictures to be reproduced (Warren, 215). After taking the pictures, in most cases, the films are usually taken to the labs for processing and this ensures that the pictures produced are of the highest quality. Color photography, which forms images either as positive transparencies or as color negatives, needs costly apparatus and exacting situations for the precise processing and printing of the images produced by the process. Other photographers, particularly those who use black and white film or who need special effects, often process the films on their own; however, they should have enough technical experience to operate a fully equipped darkroom or the required computer software for the digital production of the pictures. Thus, my current major of visual and graphic arts is related to photography in the sense that it will equip me with relevant creative skills in the design and production of quality images. Consequently, I will be able to apply them in my future work as a photographer. The average salary of a photographer is based on many things; nonetheless, the amount of money a photographer takes home is based on whether he or she is self-employed and the size of the company the photographer works for. “The average annual salary for a low-class photographer is $29,440, and the lowest 10% earn less than $16,920, the middle 50% between $20,620 and $43,530 while the highest 10% earn upwards of $62,430” (“Photography salary information,” para.5). For one to succeed as a photographer, he or she has to have strong imaginations and technical skills in photography, and, importantly, the most competent persons have degrees in
The globalization initiatives have opened up a lot of international business opportunities that require business executives to extensively travel across the globe for business purposes. Business has to continue regardless of the security threats in some parts of the world. Business executives face security risks that can arise due to terrorist or political actions that can interfere with their lives and business activities. Because of the uncertainty in global security, most companies that do international business are taking precautionary measures to ensure their business executives are well prepared incase of any eventuality (Hunsicker, 2007). The security concerns are addressed by adequate planning by security teams guarding the business executives. Planning helps the security teams to make risk assessments for foreign trips and establish the relevant contingency procedures as a way of countering the potential effects of security threats. The details of security planning for executives will be discussed in this paper. Kurdistan is an autonomous region in Northern Iraq that is well known to be rich in natural sources especially oil. Its beauty and economic viability has attracted a lot of international companies to have a lot of business interests in the region (Reveron, 2006). Business executives from different parts of the world travel to Kurdistan to conduct business and taking into consideration the security threats in the ever volatile Middle East, the security of these executives should be well planned for in readiness for any eventuality that might occur. It is the responsibility of these security teams to conduct a security threat assessment and risk analysis of the place of destination in advance before planning for sec
The declaration of Ka’bah and its surrounding as ‘forbidden’, attracted traders as the Qurayshite formed an oligarchy that extended its forbidden status geographically and made the region economically strong. The Queayshites established a socio religious center within the ‘forbidden’ region where Allah reigned supreme. The centralization led to a selective observance of law according to kinship, attracting Arab tribesmen who wanted such privileges (Farah 32). Allah became the equalizing force among the different tribes. However, merchants took over the control of political power from clans, and class brought division between the inner Quraysh and the outer Quraysh. The message brought by Muhammad would bring back this unity (Farah 34). “But the organization of power among the aristocracy of Quraysh was not complete because their council of oligarchs lacked legislative force and the means to execute decisions without having to resorting to traditional methods. In a society now organizes around functional classes rather than tribal membership, the threat of a blood feud or a protracted vendetta was no longer an effective weapon of social restraint when friction developed within the society”. (Farah 33-34) The above quote makes a critical point in providing the evidence of transformation. It concludes the description of the existing social order in Quraysh before Muhammad (Farah 31). In addition, it offers a narration of the imperfections that existed within the system, which made it inefficient and in need of a solution to the growing injustices. The aristocracy of Quraysh became powerful by forming pacts that quashed clan affiliation in favor of kinship and trade interests. During this time, the socio religious function of Allah as the guarantor of rights outside family and tribal members increased (Farah 32). The prominence of Allah helped the Makhzum and Umayya clans to occupy the inner city (Farah 33). However, economic ambitions came before religion and social order, thus the region’s legislation failed to develop at the same rate of its trade and industry development. The traditional methods of the legislature served the region, but did not match the transformed need of the society, which had moved from a classification of tribal affiliation into a classification of economic classes. The second sentence in the above quote informs the reader of the preexisting socio religious condition that was full of injustices before the arrival of Muhammad. Without the imperfections, it would be difficult for the transformation to occur. Alternatively, if a transformation took place with relatively perfect conditions, then its impact would be negligible. The annihilation of tribal affiliations was a major factor contributing to the co-existence of dissimilar tribes in the Quraysh. Moreover, the declaration and extension of the ‘forbidden’ status of Ka’bah laid a foundation for the assembly of differ