ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
To be addressed in this paper is a discussion of the communication principles that underlie the communication and application of inter-personal relations, within a boy and girl club that I joined a few months ago. Our boy and girl club is named after the founding members Jane and John; therefore the name J.J boy and girl club. Our club is a non-profit youth development group, consisting of a main club function aided by various extension programs carried out at different locations which include schools, public places, members’ homes and in places where social functions or competitions are taking place. The goal of our group is to provide each child with the crucial tools required to enable them face the future and become successful bright members of the society (Bormann 20-44). The vision of our group is constantly expanding to accommodate the ever changing needs of the youth depending on their age and level of study among others. In response to the dynamic needs of the member children and their families; our programs are dynamic so as to address the diverse service provision that comes up. In the every day operations of our group; the goal and aim is to improve the life of each child by instilling in them knowledge that should help in increasing their levels of self-esteem and courage among other positive values; through our comprehensive educational program collection (Clemente 14-34). Among the services we offer to the youth are tutoring, mentoring, computer training, homework help and sports education. However to achieve these goals we expose our members to knowledge and information important in developing self-confidence, a sense of usefulness and belonging despite their individual dissimilarities that include physical and intellectual traits, among others. To sum up the information about our group; I highly recommend our group to parents and guardians who are looking for an exciting place for their young adults and minors to grow and learn; gain the values of volunteering for responsibilities and positive living. The information about our programs, location, making
Lawrence on the Move in the Arab Revolt In The Seven Pillars of Wisdom, Thomas Edward Lawrence’s autobiographical account of his Middle Eastern activities during the First World War, Chapters 41 to 58 are bracketed by two important events in the Arab insurgency against the Ottoman Empire; the Hejaz war around Wejh, and the conflict in Akaba (Aqaba) (Lawrence). The most vivid action of the story is the journey from Wejh to Akaba. The setting is largely what we now term Egypt, Jordan, and Syria, although borders have changed. The time frame is between the years of 1916 and 1918; mostly in 1917. The narrator’s travelling and battle companions include Sherif Nasir, Auda and his kinsmen, Nesib el Bekri and his companion Zeki, and a guard or consort of 35 men under the leadership of Ibn Dgheithir. The Arab revolt helped by these people effectively overthrew the power of the Turkish Ottoman Empire in that region. However, secret treaties and agreements left those countries vulnerable to later partitioning by the European colonial powers, and contributed to their long term disaffection for the non-Muslim world. The results of this underhanded behavior are visible even now, when the Middle Eastern countries still struggle with peaceful and democratic self-government and terrorism thrives in so many settings. The major characters T.E. Lawrence, a member of the British military intelligence service, had experience in the area, with language and cultural skills that stood him in good stead as a liaison between the Arab sheikhs and their followers, and the British High Command. It is tempting to infer from his Welsh background that he was peculiarly well fitted to blend in with another language and culture so thoroughly. As an outsider, from a distinctive linguistic community, considered by the English to be a different race, he was always ‘passing’ in an alien community. A graduate of Oxford, he was working on an archeological dig before World War I erupted, so he had the appropriate academic background to analyze the historical tone and mood of the region. He served in the area starting in October 1916, and was back in England by 1919, writing up these memoirs. Lawrence names as the leader of the travel group that set out from Wejh, Sherif Nasir, Emir of Medina (one of the holy cities of Islam). This was a natural leader who could command the loyalty of others. Auda ban Harb al-Abo Seed al-Mazro al-Tamame abu Tayi was someone who could help the revolutionaries to enlist the help of the Howeitat tribes of the eastern desert areas which today are part of Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Nesib el Bekri was from Damascus, and was positioned to mobilize Syrian assistance for the effort. The major players; who caused things to happen On the larger world stage, the Turks had allied themselves with Germany ag
Introduction Pharmaceutical compounding is the art, science, and practice incorporated in the pharmaceutical industry with an aim of creating a particular pharmaceutical product or service predominantly to meet the special need of a patient (Pinkerton & Santoro, 2015). The practice of pharmaceutical compounding exists through a combination of medical strategies to change the form of medication for a patient with special needs. According to the Food and Drug Administration (2012), “pharmacy compounding is a practice a licensed pharmacist combines, mixes, or alters ingredients in response to a doctor’s prescription to create a medication tailored to the medical needs of an individual patient” (p. 1). Pharmacists combine pharmaceutical ingredients, add flavors in the manufactured medicines or extract, certain medical components to alter the taste or texture of the medicine. Pharmaceutical compounding is a practice and art of modern medication that routinely occurs in the cases that demand intravenous or parenteral medication and for other forms of medication requirements. Compounding Pharmaceuticals is an acceptable practice in the medical fraternity and a practice that has been helpful in providing instant treatment solutions for the patients who demand special chemotherapy solutions (Lipinski, 2000). However, pharmaceutical compounding has recently become a controversial practice since the scientists discovered serious lapses in the art, science, and practice of compounding pharmaceutical products (Pinkerton & Santoro, 2015). Although compounding of pharmaceutical drugs has been an efficient treatment remedy, the U.S Congress, and medical specialists have raised serious arguments on the manner in which various medical practices are applying this medication practice. Considering the way the physicians are encountering several dilemmas in the use of commercially available FDA-approved treatment drugs and recommending medicines specifically tailored to meet the special medical needs of individual patients, trends and the market for the compounded drugs have reshaped (Lipinski, 2000). Since the compounded medicine has received special attention, its consumption trends in the market have changed, and their market size has significantly changed. Proposed Study or the Research Issue Explored Compounded drugs created to meet the special demands of individual patients have become a treatment norm in the practice of medicine (Ventola, 2011). Regardless the imminent ethical and legal dilemmas surrounding the commercial production of compounded drugs that come through the compounding pharmaceuticals, the market and demand for the compounded medicine is still growing (Ventola, 2011). What the FDA fears most is that compounded drugs are creating a special demand in the medical practice because the drugs
Music plays an important role as an element of a motion picture. As Huda writes, “Music adds an extra dimension to the story. It is a creator of mood and emotions. It makes viewers involve in the story. Mental condition of the actor can be clearly expressed with the help of music” (Huda, 2004, p.162). In the film entitled Dracula (1992), directed by Francis Ford Coppola, music is successfully intertwined with the visuals, dialogue, and special effects, and it appears to be an integral part of the plot. In particular, the director selected the pieces of classical music with religious elements, which underlined roles, emotions, and situations to which the F.F. Coppola sought to direct the viewer’s attention. However, it is possible to notice several incongruities, as several episodes in the film do not comply with Hollywood standards. The basic Hollywood rule of the use of music (in case the film is not a musical) is putting music as a background, which does not interfere with the characters’ dialogues, i.e., music should be selected and arranged so that it is not perceived by the viewer as an irritant, which distracts from the plot development (Reay, 2004, p.21; Grof and Wingell, 1981, p.34). Therefore, musical accompaniment should be congruent with the events depicted, with the characters’ thoughts, emotions, and sensations (Mera and Burnand, 2006, p.54; Negus, 1999, p. 18). The music should also stress the mood of the characters in certain moments. In Hollywood movies, music selection is often based upon the epoch which the plot depicts, i.e., it is more appropriate to employ those compositions which were created in the specified time period (Negus, 1998, p. 19). In the film “Dracula,” it is possible to notice asynchronism in the scene where Dracula returns from the battle and finds out his wife has committed suicide. He silently enters the hall and silently looks at the dead countess for several seconds – music begins only afterward, and the tragic nature of the moment is not properly underlined. Music should have been turned on a few seconds earlier in order to warn the viewer and depict the emotional conditions of uncertainty, fear, and finally, sorrow and pain which the main character experiences. In fact, in the introduction, the most useful background information is provided, and Dracula’s personal tragedy is revealed; he denied his belief in God after losing his spouse and turned into the undead. Therefore, the synchronization of the musical accompaniment with the drama which is developing on the screen in general and with the defining moment of the revelation of the woman’s suicide, in particular, is highly important. However, taking additional seconds of silence might have been the director’s decision due to the fact that the absence of sound is also used in Hollywood movies to keep viewers in suspense before the climax of a certain scene. One more important scene is the vampires’ seduction of Jonathan. When the four female vampires are hugging and kissing the character, one can hear solemn music, which is not different from the general musical background of Jona
Introduction Rivethead was written by Ben Hamper and published in the year 1991. In the book, the author tried to illustrate events that were experienced in a motor vehicle company. This paper seeks to offer a critical review of the book. In this paper, I will look into the outline of the book to give a summary as well as highlight key themes captured by the book. Summary of the Book Hamper finished schooling failing to acquire a good grade from the high school level. He was for this reason left with few career options which he identified to be limited to working at the general motors company. He, however, did not want to work with the company and delayed seeking employment from the company. Fate however landed him in his presumably right place as he finally got a job with the company. His recruitment was alongside those of other people who were associated with drug abuse. They were recruited by the company and assigned roles which again landed Hamper in a section of the factory that he had dreaded. The section he was assigned was seemingly not preferred by most employees who already were working at the firm. The section was hated because of the repetitive nature of tasks that were carried out in the place. The working condition was full of repetition of activities that the employees were to do every day. This was due to a level of specialization that led to the performance of particular tasks every single day. He was given Roy as a coworker in the section. Roy for example was negatively affected by this repetitive work and resorted to smoking as a source of relief. He finally quit the job on the basis of the repetitive nature of work. Hamper however considered the condition as an advantage as the work became easier. He also enjoyed his remunerations, a fact that made him maintain his job. The economic stability of the company deteriorated and led to layoffs. Quite unfortunately, Hamper was among those who lost their jobs. However, he was lucky enough to be reinstated back to his position afterward. He was happy to get back to work so he could earn a means of living. Hostile Working Conditions (Suffering) The hostility of the working conditions as realized in the factory is one of the themes that the author illustrated. Hamper shade a lot of light on factors that were not enjoyed but tolerated in the general motors workplace. In an illustration about his father, he revealed that the factory was characterized by a level of noise that was too much for the workers. The industrial processes were also accompanied by heat emissions that were not comfortable for the workers. This led to body reactions that culminated
Introduction Modern businesses are seeking opportunities to satisfy their consumers, and the existing markets cover as many customers’ needs as possible. One example of density and demand coverage is the UK grocery market with its numerous contributors and high competition. Although such an amount of the latter is beneficial for consumers, the grocery segment concentration creates a gap among the distributors, and the Sainsbury’s-ASDA merger can deepen the production asymmetry further. The Trends and Composition of the UK Grocery Market The UK grocery market composition demonstrates several specific and diverse trends. The retailers cooperate with foreign suppliers, and the market contestants rely on their conditions and prices. Also, the grocery market is a segment of considerable depth, with its approximate spending account being nearly equal to half of the UK retail spend (Wilshaw 2018). While the market unites various grocery retailers, the dominant market share belongs to the “Big Four” – Tesco, Sainsbury’s, ASDA, and Morrison –, that control a total of 67% of the market (Wilshaw 2018). Moreover, several studies acknowledge the intensification of price competition among UK grocery retailers in recent years (Chakraborty et al. 2014). At the same time, the authors have also observed high market concentration because of several mergers, such as the 2004 Safeway-Morisson merger (Chakraborty et al. 2014). Within the severe competition, the major producers implement such maneuvers as a takeover of independent brands, price dumping, and creation of own-labeled production to reduce costs (Wilshaw 2018). The data demonstrate a high level of concentration in the UK grocery market, which can be destructive for some entities and beneficial for others. The Opportunities and Threats in the Sector In the given situation, the sector can maintain both opportunities and threats for consumers and producers. For instance, if the market advances with its concentration, consumers will receive the most acceptable price and quality of products as a result. The opportunities for medium retailers, such as Aldi, are that they can cover a larger market share and thus grow the consumer base (Wilshaw 2018). The major producers, such as Sainsbury’s, may expect to keep their current positions and also expand overseas. On the contrary, the threats that the market contains for retailers are decreased quality, losses related to altering the price competition, and the possibility of bankruptcy. Therefore, the current market composition may lead bigger companies to benefit and the smaller ones to surrender, which can lead to a larger production gap in the sector. The Ongoing ASDA Sainsbury’s Merger The latest merger process between the major companies may also contribute to the grocery market structure in the future. In May 2018, a takeover of ASDA by Sainsbury’s was announced, and the negotiation has been going on until the present (Wilshaw 2018). As the current leader owns approximately 28% of the market today, Sainsbury’s and ASDA own 15% and 14% respectively, t
The process of analyzing qualitative data is vital in social research just as that of quantitative data analysis. Qualitative data according to Grinnell, Williams and Unrau (2012), is that data that measure a quality or kind. This type of data is generally descriptive and non-numeric in nature and it is based on spoken or written words and on behaviors that can be observed. Field notes, interview transcripts and audio and video recordings are a few examples of qualitative data. Grinnell et al break down the process of qualitative data analysis into three major phases namely: defining of the analysis, classifying of data and making connections. During the phase of defining of the analysis, the researcher needs to set the goals of his analysis, identify suitable and adequate information and then settle on the best method of capturing, recording, interpreting and expressing that information. The phase of data classification involves assigning labels or tags to the data and then grouping the data according to the similarity of traits of items in the dataset. The third and final phase of analyzing qualitative data is relating the resulting concepts to one another or to an existing theory. After making these connections, the analysts are in a position to comprehend and explain their daily experiences. After having discussed the key phases in analyzing qualitative data, the authors identify two major steps that are involved in this process. The two steps are transcription and coding. Transcription, as defined by Grinnell et al, is the act of converting interview data or interpretive research data into written, printed or typed form by omitting non-verbal data. Transcription also includes the act of converting audible and visual data to written data. Coding is the process of searching and for similar words or phrases brought up by the respondents. The similar words or phrases are then categorized accordingly. Qualitative analysts use coding to develop themes of the data. According to the authors, there are two levels of coding namely open coding and axial coding. Open coding is concerned with the descriptive coding of narrations while axial involves condensing open codes through connecting categories and subcategories. Another key process in analyzing qualitative data is formulating a conceptual outline from the coded data. This process helps the analyst to link up the data together using a given set of rules. A good example of a conceptual outline is creating an acronym or a name for the steps in a given process. The analyst needs to use the already existing conceptual frameworks
Introduction The current economy has grown to be a knowledge-based one and as a result, most people are taking their academics seriously, going to greater heights than before. More people are now enrolling for degrees in universities and other tertiary colleges. The education system and teaching methods have been improved over time. On the other hand, there are some very bad academic crimes that students or tutors commit which could compromise the integrity of academics by giving out dishonest results. Qualities of a University Graduate in American Context It has been argued that more people are being released into the job market in the US and as such the reputation of the academic institutions is facing lots of challenges. This has increased competition for employment with other people who are not graduates. Nonetheless, graduates have some unique qualities. On average, graduates are usually very intelligent people and very competitive at workplaces. This is basically because of the simple fact that the more knowledge a person gets the smarter he/she becomes. Graduates are also trained to critically think and reason on their own thus making them very good problems solvers. Having attended the university, they face a lot of life experience challenges and from this, graduates have a broader perspective of life and work skills and are also more prepared to face challenges since the curricula have provisions like internships which exposed them to real work situations after they complete their studies. Most People in Society Believe That College Graduates Are Prepared To Become Leaders Many people believe that graduates are prepared to become better leaders in their specific job lines. This is attributed to the fact that there has been increased competition in the job market leading to an economy
Introduction In contemporary business environment, business leaders need to devise strategies that can enable the business take advantage of industrial opportunities as it mitigates against business threats and risks. Dubai Metro is a driverless metro network with its operational base in Dubai; to manage cost and improve service delivery, the company adopted total quality management strategy in its operations. This paper evaluates the decision by the company to adopt the management strategy. Dubai Metro Integrated management system implementation procedure When implementing the integrated management system, the management started by interpolating the operational standard of the company; the process was to have an understanding of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and business risks. With the understanding, the management then set on process improvement exercise which incorporated enacting management policies that addressed issues in the company. When address different challenges, the processes adopted ensured that current situation has been improved and future such challenges have been mitigated. Some of the policies that the company incorporated to support integrated management structure of the company included international human resources management policy, integrated supply chain management, value creation, and cost minimization/revenue maximization policies. The management did not adopt the systems single handily; they incorporated management gurus who gave different insights about their specific area of interest. The company understood improvement of the process could only be possible with the participation of every human capital regardless of his position in the company. Human capital were continuously trained with the changes and management ensured that every step taken involved staffs. Explanations of what the company is intending to do were periodically given to enhance psychological preparedness of staffs. Challenges that the company faced when implementing the strategy When implementing the projects, the company was faced with some challenges; the main challenge was getting the right management gurus to be change agents in the company. With the gurus, they came at a cost that the company had to incur. People management issues in times of change are another challenge that the company had to fight with; the company needed to ensure that human capital understood and embraced the change. T