ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Frederick Douglass was born in Tuckahoe Easton in Maryland. He never knew the exact time of his birth because slaves were not allowed to now such things bur from his estimation it could have been in 1818. His mother was a slave named Harriet Bailey. He heard through rumors that his father was a white man. Douglass never got a chance to confirm those rumors with his mother because she died when he was seven years old. Unfortunately, he had been separated from her at a young age and was brought up and under the care of his grandmother Betsey Bailey. He lived through slavery and grew up to become a champion of civil rights in America. His character was core in enabling him to fight for the rights of slaves and abolition of slavery. Bright and strong Douglass was a bright even at an early age. He was able to discern the discrimination going on at an early because he could remember that young white children could tell their age but him and other slave children could not. He sensed the discrimination yet his quest for information about his identity was unwelcomed, “I was not allowed to make any inquires of my master concerning it” (Douglass 923). In addition, he was a strong child because he had to endure being away from his mother at an early age. Douglass never remembers seeing her during the day and even when they saw each other at night, they did not talk much. The lack of affection from his mother made him to look at her like a stranger when she died. He says, “When I received the tidings of her death with much the same emotions I should have probably felt at the death of a stranger” (Douglass 924). Thus from his early age he had to learn to depend on his own to survive through the hard years of slavery. Tenacious Douglass was a tenacious boy. He was determined to gain knowledge no matter what it took. This trait is demonstrated in Baltimore while under the care of Mr. and Mrs. Auld. Mrs. Auld began to teach him how to read, however the teaching was cut short by Mr. Auld who told him that teaching niggers to read would make them rebellious and they would not remain as slaves. Douglass overheard this conversation and his eyes were opened about the way of ending slavery- knowledge. He was determined to know how to read at whatever cost because it was this knowledge that would give him freedom. Mr. Auld’s opposition of Douglass opportunity to read became a great motivation for him to learn how to read because he was convinced that this would be the way out of slavery according to Mr. Auld’s words. He befriended young white boys so that they could teach him to read and he had an advantage because he had already learnt the ABCs from his master’s wife. He carried a book and bread to give to the boys who in turn would give him the knowledge he so desired to acquire (Douglass 939). Inquisitive His inquisitive nature also helped him to become more determined to escape from slavery someday. In his conversations from the white boys, he had turned into hi
Introduction Green building is based on effective operations management which helps the construction company to determine and stipulate the main steps and resources required for the project. In Green building, planning requires special attention because it influences the overall success of the project and its outcomes for the organization. The budget can be controversial in administration circles, in terms of whether it is well conceived and whether it would have lasting and beneficial effects. Both should assess their relative contributions to the total project management task and view each other as alternative and supporting resources. As alternatives project managers present management with different means of budgets. The problem at this level is one of deciding what proportion of the total budget should be allocated to each. Conceptually, the decision of the relative amounts to be spent on each is straightforward. Economic theory furnishes the marginal approach. Operations Management Strategies Budgets and project planning Even if project and resource management data are not available, it behooves management to think of the total project tasks that match resources with green market potential. For instance, with a relatively small budget many alternatives are not feasible. Once a total budget for a green building project is set, project management should think in terms of the possible impact of different combinations: the extremes of spending the total budget, and the results expected from different combinations of each. Here again, although it is impossible to get precise data, management estimates can be made. There is at least an advantage to thinking in terms of inputs of alternative mixtures and resulting outputs. The most popular and advantageous sustainable technologies are renewable energy resources: solar energy, water and wind power. The main advantage of these technologists is that they do not pollute the surrounding and are effective enough to replace oil and gas, coal and power plants (Sustainable Development. 2009). Management strategies and importance Management may assist the natural processes in maintaining grasslands through seeding. In green building, water management involves methods to enhance water collection or to direct or divert water flows to maintain or increase targeted beneficial human uses. Tree planting can accelerate the reestablishment of a forest after a harvest or a fire. In some cases, the productivity of the resource may be stimulated simply by reducing the stock. For instance, a project near a forest with no net growth becomes a net producer of timber after some of its existing stock is removed, thereby permitting faster growth of the remaining trees. More important, the knowledge and ability to manipulate environmental systems, gained largely over the past
Introduction Blogging is often defined as the method of creating, maintaining, and updating an online journal or log. Blogging involves reading, writing, reading, and commenting on such journals as well as other aspects such as submissions, public forums, and posts (Rettenberg 4). Reasons for blogging Individuals blog for several reasons; the most common reason is that people want to publish their writings so that others may read them. The freedom from editors and/or screeners allows bloggers to convey their thoughts without fear of censorship or evaluation. The ease of blogging allows individuals to express themselves and submit their thoughts with the click of a button. Bloggers can reach millions around the world at any time they see fit. Many bloggers express that the reason they blog is that they love to write (Walsh 3). Kinds of blogs An estimated seventy percent of the blogosphere consists of personal or non-public blogs. Personal blogs are where bloggers write about their personal lives, as opposed to niche blogs—such as those found on Huffington Post and other sites of categorical nature. Personal blogs serve as a window into the lives of bloggers and deliver voyeuristic satisfaction to the reader as well as an exhibitionist pleasure to the writer. The readers of personal blogs attach an identity with the blogger
Introduction More and more people have psychological disorders, which gives healthcare professionals and psychologists a reason to develop new treatments. A mental disorder is an illness or a violation of cognitive (intellectual) development that restricts a person’s ability to work or serve themselves and complicates the process of integration into society. There are numerous means of treating psychological issues including medical and non-medical methods. One of the most discussed currently popular therapies refers to psychedelics implementation. There has been a growing interest in using psychedelics in small doses as an effective intervention. It had been established that such drugs as psilocybin affects cognitive abilities and help recover from mental illnesses (Carhart-Harris & Goodwin, 2017). It is often opposed to traditional psychotherapeutic techniques and its effectiveness is still debated. Therefore, it is vital to compare psilocybin treatment with the conventional methods and define their efficacy. Psychedelics Treatment: Literature Review Every year, many studies are conducted worldwide on the medical use of psychedelic substances for the treatment of alcohol and drug addiction, pharmacoresistant depression, anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder. By observing how they act on the brain of volunteers and animals, scientists analyze the results of their work and evaluate the admissibility of their use in ultra-small doses that do not cause hallucinations. Numerous studies have concluded that this treatment is acceptable in small doses. Psychedelic is a drug based on a narcotic substance that changes consciousness. Scientists attempt to implement the therapeutic potential of psychedelics to deal with mental issues. Carhart-Harris and Goodwin (2017) established that the drug named psilocybin was an efficient treatment because it could lead to a persistent remission of depression. This drug is powerful because it can transform the mind to remove past traumas. where the sense of self changes and barriers to the study of past traumas are temporarily removed. They also identified that “psilocybin, and psychedelics more generally, share some similarities with conventional antidepressants” (p. 2107). Therefore, their sedative effect helps efficiently treat different mental disorders. Many studies have shown that psilocybin was efficient in moderating depression at any stage. One study proved that the group receiving psilocybin showed better recovery results than the group taking antidepressants (Carhart-Harris & Goodwin, 2017). According to Vollenweider and Preller (2020), psilocybin can be used individually to suppress destructive thoughts and emotions. The researchers also established that this drug contributes to changes in self-experience and social cognition. Despite psilocybin’s grea
According to Victoria’s environmental protection laws, hazardous waste, also known as prescribed industrial waste (PIW), is the “hazardous by-product of everyday goods and services, such as the manufacturing of motor vehicles, paint and plastics, dry-cleaning services, fast food outlets, dental surgeries and hospitals” (Environment Protection Authority Victoria 2017, para. 1). The guidelines for handling and disposing of such waste are stipulated in the Environment Protection (Industrial Waste Resource) Regulations 2009. The objectives of these regulations are to assist industry to (a) Implement the principle of wastes hierarchy as set out in section 1I of the Environment Protection Act 1970; (b) prescribe requirements for assessing, categorizing, and classifying industrial waste and prescribed industrial waste for the purposes of the Environment Protection Act 1970. (c) encourage industry to utilize industrial waste as a resource through exempting material from categorization as prescribed industrial waste where secondary beneficial reuse is established; (d) prescribe requirements for the transport and management of prescribed industrial waste, including requirements for the tracking of prescribed industrial waste ( Environment Protection (Industrial Waste Resource) Regulations 2009, para. 2). This paper discusses the different classes of hazardous wastes and the available methods for treatment or disposal. Classes of Wastes Hazardous wastes have the potential to cause adverse damage to human beings and the environment. Such materials could be non-biodegradable, biologically magnified, highly toxic, or lethal even at low concentrations. Characterization of waste depends on the nature of contaminants that are likely to be present. Ultimately, hazardous wastes are classified into four categories – A, B, and C (Environment Protection Authority Victoria 2017). Each category has defining characteristics, which are used to ensure that all hazardous materials are classified appropriately. Category A waste is listed as industrial waste that is classified as dangerous goods. Under the Environment Protection (Industrial Waste Resource) Regulations 2009, dangerous goods are placed into eight classes for easy identification. Class 1 covers explosives – solid waste that can produce gas to cause damage to the surroundings. Class 4.1 is flammable solids, which are easily combustible. Class 4.2 covers wastes liable to spontaneous combustion, while class 4.3 describes wastes that emit flammable gases when they contact water. Class 5.1 are oxidizing wastes, and class 5.2 are organic peroxide wastes. Class 6.1 is toxic wastes, which can cause infections through microbes. Finally, class 8 describes corrosive wastes with pH values of less than two or higher than 12.5 (Environment Protection Authority Victoria 2009). Category B and Category C wastes are defined using the level of concentration of substances stated in Category A classes. For instance, Category B waste has a higher concentration of substances than Category C but not exceeding
Quality Management Systems ISO 9001: 2008 Quality policy In 2012, Virgin Australia Airline was ranked as the best airline within the Australian airline industry. The firm’s success both in international and domestic markets hinges on its commitment towards provision of high quality services. Virgin Australia has formulated comprehensive quality policies, which has enabled it to attain an optimal market position. Some of the issues considered in its quality include:  1. The airline is committed at attaining a high level of customer satisfaction. Virgin Airline has integrated a number of issues such as adoption of a low-cost model, offering high-quality in-flight services, and integration of innovative features for example kiosk and web check-in in a bid to achieve this goal.  2. The airline ensures that it only procures well-designed and stable aircrafts to ensure customer safety. The firm also undertakes continuous safety audits on its aircrafts. This move aims at ensuring that its aircrafts undergo effective maintenance. Its engineers are required to have a comprehensive understanding in addition to observing aircraft operations and safety maintenance activities coupled with regulatory requirements. Consequently, Virgin Australia has managed to achieve appropriate performance in the industry.  3. In an effort to provide airline services, which are in line with the customer’s needs and wants, the firm continuously conducts consumer research. The objective of the research is to help the firm understand consumer needs and thus aim at meeting the needs for a strong customer base.  4. In its recruitment process, the firm has developed a comprehensive employee selection criterion. The criterion aims at ensuring that only the highly qualified applicants are incorporated in the organisation. This aspect enables the airline to offer optimal services thus eliminating any form of discontent amongst the customers (Virgin Australia 2012). Stakeholders To succeed in the competitive airline industry as a sustainable entity, Virgin Australia appreciates the role of stakeholders in its operation. As a result, the airline is committed at nurturing a strong relationship with its stakeholders. Some of the airline’s key stakeholders include:  1. Customers- Virgin Australia is a profit-oriented entity. As a result, customers form an important element of its stakeholder’s component. Lack of customers may result in failure of the firm due to its ability to sustain its operations and attain its profit motive.  2. Employees -The success of the airline in its effort to attain a high competitive advantage with regard to provision of quality airline services is dependent on the effectiveness with which the firm treats its employees.  3. Investor groups and shareholders -This category of stakeholders play an important role with regard to ensuring that the firm accesses long-term finances to undertake its capital investment such as acquisition of aircrafts.  4. Regulators and governments – In its operation, Virgin Australia is charged with the responsibility of ensuring that it adheres with the formulated le
Introduction The book titled The Entrepreneurial State is a recent publication, having been published in 2013. The book was published by Anthem Press. It is authored by Mariana Mazzucato, one of the key figures in the debate surrounding various economic issues in contemporary society. In the book, Mazzucato seeks to unravel the disparities between the private sector and the public sector. The book notes that in most societies, the public sector is characterised by sluggishness of the services provided by the government to the people. In the book, Mazzucato (2013, p. 1) provides the reader with a detailed account of the role that should be played by the public sector with regards to investments and other issues of interest to the life of the common man. Interestingly, the author examines investments made under the auspices of entrepreneurship and does not pay much attention to other forms of investment. The book examines a number of sectors in the economy. Some of the key sectors examined include the green revolution and the internet. In this paper, the student provides a critical review of The Entrepreneurial State. The purpose of this review is to critically examine some of the elements addressed in the book and the manner in which Mazzucato addresses such elements. In actual sense, this critical review looks at how the author (Mazzucato) is able to diagnose the faults found in the strategic decisions made by the various stakeholders in the society. The stakeholders whose strategic decisions are examined by Mazzucato and reviewed in this paper include the ‘strategists’ of any given society. In the opinion of Mazzucato (2013, p. 1), some of the strategists referred to in this book are crucial to the socio-economic development of any society. They include, among others, private companies, governments, and other such agencies in the society. In addition to the above strategists, the author points out that the individuals in the society are an important part of socio-economic development. In fact, the individuals can be regarded as some of the most important strategists in a given community. In this book review, the student seeks to outline how the author (Mazzucato) helps the reader to develop a new perspective from which to view strategic decisions made by key stakeholders in a society. In this regard, the various elements, some of which are mentioned above, are viewed as crucial to the society. In conclusion, the critical book review will highlight any missing concepts that the author may have overlooked in writing the book. Most importantly, the critica
Introduction The main theme in this story is all about adaptation to an environment. The question requires that we discuss the two situations, where this woman leaves Villa Hermosa, which is a government upgraded slum with improved living conditions, or she goes back to her former environment which is purely slum. In discussing this, we are giving supportive arguments. There is no contradiction here. Remember this is like a debate, where we have the opposes and proposes sides at the same time. In saying that Cruz should remain in Villa we are comparing the situations under which she is undergoing and she leaves. Likewise to when she leaves. Cruz Will Remain in Villa Hermosa Pathetic living condition Cruz was a slum dweller who used to live in a house inhabited by not only rats but also other insects like cockroaches, from the description of the stench that comes out of it especially when she invites the social worker one can imagine the true picture of poverty. This was a great health challenge to herself and the kids. But in Villa Hermosa even though life is hard, there is generally some hygiene. This ensures that there is no outbreak of diseases associated by these insects. Modern life Even though Cruz is finding it difficult to cope with life here, the more she stays here the more she get as adapted to this environment. If for example she goes back then it can be very difficult for her to learn about the modern lifestyles. Immorality At La Esmeralda slums she had to carry out an abortion, in Villa people are ever careful especially when it comes to such affairs. Ladies are vigilant not to be pregnant when they are spending with their partners. A learning opportunity Life is so expensive here that survival is for the fittest i.e. the rich. Since its all about being creative Cruz can take this to be an avid opportunity for earning a living the hard way. Through struggles and hardships she becomes experienced to better face any kind of life. Good Citizen Since Villa Hermosa was a government creation in an attempt to reduce pressure in the slums it would be an encouragement for others if Cruz remains in Villa. The nearby slum dwellers would also feel that they should move to Villa. This will show a good citizenship. Cruz should leave Villa Hermosa We see a woman who has moved to an upgraded leaving environment but still she is not able to cope with the conditions of this new ecosystem. This is the reality; the scenario that is manifested here is that there are physical attributes of a person as well as in built characters. The writer of this story talks about a boundary; to me a boundary exists when a person’s in-built characters refuses to accept the external and physical condition in an environment. In this case, despite Cruz a slum woman having found an improved ecosystem her system behavior completely contradicts this environment. It would be in order to argue she goes back to La Esmeralda. There are quite a number of reasons that can support this. Socialization In this scenario we are finding a slum woman who was used to a free living enviro