ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Abilities Personality traits have been found to influence organizational behavior and job satisfaction. Individuals with higher cognitive abilities have the potential to produce exemplary results. However, studies have indicated that such abilities might have adverse effects on job performance. Despite such arguments, I strongly believe that cognitive abilities should be part of an exam aimed at assessing the traits possessed by the targeted applicants. The approach will guide the hired individuals to work under stressful or threatening circumstances. They will also be able to make desirable decisions even when under pressure. Such abilities can be used as a “strong predictors of future job performance” (Nair, 2010, p. 64) I agree with the police department discussed in the book “Organizational Behavior” by Suja Nair. According to the presented case, there should be an upper limit to the cognitive abilities targeted by an interviewer (Nair, 2010). Such cognitive abilities will ensure the successful candidates can make accurate and meaningful decisions. Police officers who possess such abilities will find it easier to transform their competencies into meaningful results (Naish, 2013). Individuals with the highest cognitive abilities have the potential to produce positive results. However, the levels of organizational commitment and job satisfaction will be low for these individuals. After hiring the targeted individuals, the police department should use various proactive approaches to address personal differences and match their skills with the targeted organizational goals (Nair, 2010). Cognitive abilities should, therefore, be included in the test. However, a specific upper limit is necessary to ensure the hired individuals have what it takes to deliver positive results. Personality Traits: Handling Stressful Situations and Decision-Making Recruiters should consider various personality traits whenever planning to hire individuals capable of handling stressful circumstances (Sanders, 2008). Police officials should possess specific personality traits to handle a wide range of situations. Such people work in different situations that require immediate intervention and instant decision-making (Nair, 2010). As a consultant, it will be necessary for the department to consider various personality traits that will predict a police officer’s ability to make decisions under stress and handle stressful situations. The first personality factor is the ability to adjust
Introduction Modern academic facilities are interested in developing and discussing various models to evaluate adult students learning processes and the role of educators. Common approaches to contribute to the field of education include social interactions, online communication, and critical thinking. In this report, the article “Meaningful Learning from Sustained Online Communication: A Reflection with a Group of Adults” by Abdallah and Albadri in the book about information systems in the education sector will be criticized. The editor of the book, Albadri, wanted to investigate how the process of globalization influences teachers and adult students in different countries. The chosen article contains an analysis of an online discussion board to share and construct knowledge among adult students. Relying on the already offered models and learning approaches, Abdallah and Albadri (2013) introduced their model to prove that the adoption of e-learning technologies would enhance the possibilities of students in the Arab World. Despite the intention to create a unique evaluation tool, the article under analysis is characterized by certain significant conclusions and weaknesses in terms of organizing qualitative research that have to be identified and reviewed. Research Problem The online learning experience of students varies, depending on such factors as personal abilities, social standards, and the level of teachers’ professionalism. However, the necessity to evaluate results is the thing that remains permanent in any learning process. Therefore, the authors of the article under analysis shared the statement that adult education may be considerably improved by engaging students through online discussion boards under well-designed models (Abdallah and Albadri, 2013). The research problem is to understand how to use an online social constructivist tool for evaluating student learning expectations and outcomes. According to Abdallah and Albadri (2013), this question is researchable because similar methods were developed and analyzed during the last three decades. Due to the fact that the offered approach is extensive, it is possible to focus on various knowledge elements. Social interactions gain different forms, and adult students are able to use their past experiences and means of communication. However, not all of them understand how to apply their achievements to meaningful learning. The research problem and questions raised in the article have extensive background information. The quality of online discussions may be measured by the already developed models, including those of Garrison et al., Bullen, Henri, Bloom, etc. (as cited in Abdallah and Albadri, 2013). However, the
Introduction Different countries have different legislations, which define rights and relationship between employees and employers. They are contained in human rights as well as terms and conditions set by different companies regarding their employments contracts. Knowledge of these rights and legislation is important to employee, employer and third parties who have an interest in an employment contract. External and internal laws should be in harmony at any one time; this is the only way that the company can develop an efficient team. Internal legislations and guiding principles are shaped by legal legislations; they must follow a legally accepted approach. Procter & Gamble is a multinational company with headquarters in Downtown Cincinnati , Ohio , it manufactures a range of products which generally in three sectors; beauty, household care goods and some medicaments. This paper will be guided by headings to discuss various legislation issues. It will focus on processes that take place in Proter $Gamble. The role of probation period in recruitment process After initial recruitment procedure, a successful candidate in Proter $Gamble is deployed under probationary terms. The terms of the period are well defined in a probationary contract agreement. Proter $Gamble human resource department head should witness the signing of the agreement. It is a transition period where an employee is oriented to p
Introduction Bio-terrorism as the division of world-spreading huge intrusion of international terrorism becomes not just the innovation of stories written but real risk for human beings. Problems on the Sept 11 when the World Trade Center was bombed has increased community anxiety and concern about scientific providers. The need of security from bio-terrorism was verified when the Sarin assault took place in the Seattle train program. Thus, probability to be assaulted with scientific tool turned to be real. Such probability enhances many periods as this type of weapon is being designed by a variety of nations all over the globe. Therefore, any time and anywhere we are under risk of being affected by remarkable sickness and loss of life because of bio-terrorism. Bioterrorism entails a very wide array of concerns, from disastrous terrorism with huge accidents, to micro events using low technological innovation but generating riots, interruption, condition, problems, and loss of lifestyle and governments have every responsibility to counter it. Governments of all nations are worried with the efficient strategy of dealing with bio-terrorist risks for their nations Military and medicine organizations are responsible for reduction of bio-terrorist impacts and strike the most. All primary activities instructed to battle with bio-terrorism satisfied by these organizations contain avoidance and liquidation activities. The army should be steadfast in mobilizing information from the public on key security issues which will help in countering bio-terrorism Communication between the citizens and army causes not just common individuals be conscious of the risk of being assaulted with bio-weapon or its providers but also gives the army an opportunity to get essential dubious details on others who live nearby. Scams help to examine synchronization and response in this interaction. Methods and strategies designed from it lead to identification of a fact. Thus, the community that will generate all the details required by the organizations will effectively comprehend support from army organizations obtained through interaction. Legal control is necessary which will guarantee efficient interaction between the community and the army Legalities help rapidly identify, plan and management a bioterrorist event. Lawful and regulating concerns working with isolate regulations and jurisdictional concerns as well as with the production or use of certain medication or vaccinations not certified by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use in certain communities in any plague perspective need to be resolved. Military should work in team to be able to generate new and efficient strategies in their battle against bio-terrorism medication The repercussions of the bioterrorist assault are very far from conventional explosive device with its bolstering, looking after the harmed and returning to more or less normal common lifestyle. Ordinary health care programs are not prepared to fight bio-terrorism. Therefore, collaboration between army and healthcare organizations is essential as they can discuss, obtain details and direct their causes on creating a nationwide stock
A Brief Introduction of the regions Armenia The mountainous landlocked republic of Armenia was incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1922. Before that, Armenia had gone through a series of wars and divisions, during and after the World War I. In the 14th century, Armenia was divided amid the Persian and Ottoman Empires and it was under these empires that Armenians would suffer the greatest. The Ottoman Empire was governed under a Muslim socialist rule, and Christian Armenians found themselves being discriminated by other Islamic groups. This made the Armenians under the Ottoman Empire push for equality, demanding justice and more rights. Under Sultan ‘Abdu’l-Hamid II, who later came to be known as the Red Sultan or Bloody Sultan, massacres against the Armenians were organized and within a span of two years between 1892 and 1894, more than 280,000 Armenians were killed. This came to be known as the Hamid massacre, (Hellen 66). During World War I, the Russian empire and the Ottoman Empire had an altercation, in their Caucasus and Persian Campaigns. There were sharp differences among them and since the Armenians were weary and had formed a resistance against the Ottoman Empire, most of them drifted towards the Russian army. The new ottoman administration in Constantinople was despondent with the turn of events and begun treating the Armenians with open suspicion and on the April 24 1915, the Ottoman government arrested a group of Armenian intellectuals. According (Sullivan 2001) “ The Tehcir Law was later to be passed on the 25 th of May that same year which led to the state supported killings of a large number of Armenians living in Anatolia. This came to be known as the Armenian genocide”. Under the soviet rule of Vladimir Lenin, Armenians began enjoying more freedom from oppression, which had been the norm under the Ottoman Empire. They received security, food and medicine from the state and enjoyed a period of relative peace and stability. This was however not long lived. After Vladimir Lenin’s death, Joseph Stalin ascended to power and unlike Lenin, Sta
First-ever Chinese – American participant Kevin Chen is all set to once again make racing history as prepares to participate in the hugely popular Macau Grand Prix as its first-ever Chinese – American participant. The race, which takes place over 2 days every November, will feature Chen’s debut in the Macau Formula 3 Grand Prix. The street racing event attracts over 300 racers a year who must pass highly stringent standards before they can even be considered to be allowed to participate in the race. This is why Chen was taken by surprise upon learning of his invitation list. “I never dreamt that the Macau Grand Prix organizers would be keenly watching my career at its early stages. I am very honored that chose to invite me to participate in this November’s series of races,” he revealed during an interview. He continued to say that although he does not have too much experience driving in the F3 circuit, he believes that he will be able to hold his own amongst some of the best F3 racers in the world during the 2-day racing week-end this coming November 19-22, 2009. The Macau Grand Prix The Macau Grand Prix is a street circuit racing event that sees the Formula 3 racing cars reaching top speeds of over 260 km/h while careening down stretches of road comprised of tight corners and treacherous crash barriers. Indeed, it is not a circuit for the faint of heart, and for novice drivers like Chen, the circuit could pose a problem. That is why Chen has already begun psyching himself up for his highly anticipated participation in the event. An exception The organizers of the event, FOTA, and The Macau Grand Prix decided to make an exception when they invited Chen to take part in the event. Normally, the participating drivers of the F3 event are required to have at least a full season’s participation in the F3 races. They admit to recognizing his potential as one of the most exciting and talented racing drivers of his generation and his participation in the event would be beneficial to both him and the racing event. “I am excited about being able to participate in The Macau Grand Prix not only because I will be making history as the first Chinese-American racer to participate in the event, but also because I will be given the chance to race on the very same roads that helped hone the driving skills of my racing idols.” were Chen’s final words during the interview. Past winners Past winners of The Macau Grand Prix include notable racing names such as Ayrton Senna, Michael Schumacher, David Coulthard, Ralf Schumacher, Takuma Sato, and Riccardo Patrese. F1 driver Kimi Raikkonen, part-owner of Team Raikkonen Robertson Racing will also be participating in the event.
The United Nations came into being on 24 October 1945 after the UN charter was ratified by most of the original 51 Members states. The main objective of the UN is to provide a platform for nations to come together and work for the well-being of the human race. It is premised on the principles of justice and human dignity and offers countries a chance to establish equilibrium between domestic national interests and international interests. Its headquarters are in New York, United States, and it currently has 192 members who meet in the general assembly. This report will explain the needs for child rights policies as stipulated in the convection of the rights of the child, analyze the UAE laws, policies, and resources as regards to child’s rights and assess the degree to which the UAE addresses children’s rights as compared to conditions set by the UN Charter. In the year 1989, the General Assembly adopted the convention on the rights of the child. This came after 10 years of intense discussions, and compromise. It was ratified by many nations with little reservations. The convection gives an ideal avenue for children to know about their rights as human beings. It also provides an international framework for all stakeholders, adults, children, governments, and society in general, to be aware of and uphold the rights of the child. According to the convection, a child is anyone who has not attained the age of 18. The convection contains 54 articles which provide for protection, provision, and participation of the child. A child should be protected from all forms of abuse, discrimination, and exploitation. The needs of the child as pertains to food, shelter, education, family, and healthcare should be provided. The child should be allowed to participate in making decisions that affect his or her life. The convection is guided by four main principles. Article 2 centers on non-discrimination and provides that no child is to be discriminated against based on whichever basis. Article 3 provides that should the interest of a child conflict with those of an adult, be it parents, teachers, or otherwise, the interests of the child should prevail. Article 6 guarantees the right of the child to life, meaningful survival, and full development. Article 12 affirms that the child’s views should be respected in all matters to do with a decision that will affect the child. The member government has an obligation to publicize those rights under article 42. In addition, a member gov
Introduction Different research articles have pointed out that the mean heights of the people aged 20 years and above are 69.3 and 63.8 inches for both the male and female population respectively. However, this research was conducted to verify the results based on a hypothesized mean of 66.5 inches to either accept or reject the null and alternative hypotheses. The data that was used in the study was collected from a sample of the target population using questionnaires and analyzed using the one-sample t-statistic test. Assignment task Identify a research problem The goal of the research problem was to determine whether the mean height of adults aged 20 and above was 63.8 inches for the females and 69.3 inches for the males as noted in various scientific articles such as the report contained in the CDC Growth Charts (Washington, Karlaftis & Mannering, 2010). Here, tests were conducted on the data to determine the veracity of the claim. The null and alternative hypotheses were stated as follows: The hypotheses   * H 0 (Null hypothesis) = 66.5: (The mean height is equal to 66.5)   * H 1 (Alternative hypothesis) ≠ 66.5: (The mean height is not equal to 66.5) Research plan The data that was used in the study was collected from the target population to create a sample size that was analyzed and the results generalized across the population of interest. Male and female participants aged 20 and above constituted the target population and the sample. A simple random sampling technique was applied to identify the sample size from the target population. The sample size was calculated by using statistical software for determining the sample size from a large population of people aged 20 and above. A margin of error of approximately less than 2.5% was thought to be appropriate for this study. As is the case in most research surveys, the study used a 95% confidence interval to show that the findings did not happen by chance but were logically deduced and reliable (King, Rosopa, & Minium 2010). A test statistic was done using SPSS to determine the z-score (Z score = 1.96) based on the margin of error (confidence interval) already mentioned. However, 0.5 was used as the most forgiving number and it was taken as the standard deviation in the study. Analyzing data The data was collected, properly coded and entered into the SPSS software for analysis. However, it was necessary to avoid type I and type II errors that usually occur due to errors in interpreting the null and alternative hypotheses respectively (Pratt & Cullen, 2000). It was common to assume that the population had a normal distribution, which made it possible to use the central limit theorem to interpret the results of the test-statistic on the sample used in the investigation. A hypothesized mean value was entered into the application window as a test value and compared with the mean of the data sets to determine the t-statistic. The mean value, t-statistic, the degree of freedom, and confidence interval were determined to complete the statistics as shown in table 1. Table 1 Tools for data collection The tool that was used for data collection is a closed-ended
The article “Drug use Drops for America’s Youth, Rises in the Over 50 Crowd” was written by Mike Levine on 4th September 2013. The main reason for writing this article was probably to express concern about what is taking place in American society. According to Levine’s article, drug abuse is still rampant in America. However, the practice is shifting from the youths to individuals of age 50 and above. Reportedly, the rate of drug abuse among children of age between 12 and 17 has reduced by 2.1 percent from the previous decade. In his article, he also expounds on how illicit drug abuse has increased among adults between the age between 50 and 64 since 2002 (Levine 1). Levine argues that Marijuana is the most abused drug by both children and adults in America. This is also reported by SAMHSA one of the departments that deal with health and human services. Additionally, Levine also expounds on how the intellectual abilities of adolescents are hampered by the use of marijuana. As reported by Levine, marijuan
Introduction Enterobacter aerogenes is a pathogenic bacterium that causes various infections as an opportunistic pathogen. However, it is sensitive to most of the antibiotics specific to the bacterium although the sensitivity is easily lost due to its unique mechanism for resisting antibiotics particularly through the production of lactamase enzyme. The bacterium lives in soil, some chemicals, and various waste materials. In the human body, it has been found to live in the gastrointestinal tract where it does not necessarily cause diseases, especially in healthy individuals. Enterobacter aerogenes has commercial significance in the production of hydrogen during fermentation as it is one of the lactose fermenting bacteria. Objective/hypothesis Enterobacter aerogenes is a bacterium with the shape of a rod belonging to the wide classification of Gram-negative bacteria which have characteristic thin cell walls. The bacterium has close characteristics to Escherichia coli and Klebsiella both of which are gram-negative. Another significant characteristic of enterobacter aerogenes, as well as E. coli and Klebsiella, is the ability to grow in selective medium, particularly MacConkey agar which identifies them as lactose fermenting bacteria. One of the significant differences between these bacteria is the temperature range within which each of them grows. Enterobacter aerogenes grows best at a temperature range of 34-40 0 C while E. coli grows best at a higher temperature of 44 0 C. similarly, enterobacter is quite similar to Klebsiella pneumonia although the two are greatly distinguished by the urease test as the enterobacter bacterium is negative for the urease test while Klebsiella gives positive results for the same. Experimental design Microbial culture The first step in the identification of Enterobacter aerogenes is microbial culture using both blood agar and McConkey agar. Using a sterile loop, the inoculum in question is inoculated on both agar plates and four streak sections are made flaming the loop before each streak. The agar plates are then incubated overnight at temperatures of 37 0 C. Colonies are then observed and identification of lactose fermenting colonies is made. Once this is done, gram staining is conducted to classify the bacterium based on its cell wall properties. Gram staining Using a sterilized wire loop, the bacterial colony is picked and used to make a thin smear on a glass slide. The slide is dried by air and flame is used to fix the smear onto the slide. Crystal violet is then flooded onto the slide containing the colony smear for a few seconds and decanted. This is followed by flooding of iodine for the same period and decanted as well. Either alcohol or acetone is then flooded and washed immediately to facilitate rapid decolorization. Finally, safranin or carbon fuchsin is added and then decanted using water. The slide is then dried using blot paper and the slide is flooded with immersion oil for observation. Due to close similarities between Enterobacter aerogenes and E