ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The study called “Different Paths from Powerlessness to Empowerment: A Dramatistic Analysis of Two Eating Disorder Therapies” was written by Leda Cooks and David Descutner. The authors employ dramatistic analysis to explore the rhetorical elements of therapies for eating disorders experienced by women. The researchers found out that the therapies have seemingly similar main terms that tend to affect the patients differently due to their multiple meanings and interpretations. The authors of the article notice that the number of female patients reporting eating disorders has increased in the modern age of information when the knowledge about typical bulimic or anorexic behaviours has become more popular. Besides, the widening influence of the American beauty standards on women of other cultures causes the growth of rates of eating disorders abroad. In the article it is also noted that low efficiency of pharmacological and behavioural treatments encouraged the professionals and patients to use narrative and visual therapy more often. The authors view the struggle with eating disorders in the contemporary world as the struggle with the myths shaping the identities of modern white middle to upper class women, as they tend to be affected by the disorders most often. The search of place in the society makes women see their own bodies as the causes of their inadequacy. The female patients suffering from eating disorders tend to act out using food as a tool. Their eating problems have emotional sources coming from such feelings as despair or anger. Narrative therapy helps women re-evaluate their choices and lives from a new perspective and re-shape their identities. Spiritual recovery (SR) employs the belief in Higher Power and unburdening the troubles to it. SR works through abstinence from the addictive ingredients such as wheat and sugar. Feminist therapy explains that eating disorders appear when women feel lost in the patriarchal society. It encourages women to find their identities re-uniting with their selves, and perceiving the world as gender-free. The researchers employ cluster analysis as a method to find terms most frequently used by the therapies. The goal is to determine how the therapies function rhetorically using discourses “power”, “body”, and “identity”. The findings show that SR uses the discourses filling them with religious meanings and works through the separation of earth-bound self from the spiritual self of the patients. All of the discourses are used as symbols of Higher Power. The patients are encouraged to give up the material aspects of the selves in order to understand their true spiritual power and find selfless equipment for living. At the same time, feminist therapy works the other way around and encourages women to re-gain control over their selves taken away from them by the patriarchal society and culture. The new living equipment is developed through raising awareness and
Abstract As time goes by, a typical hearing-impaired student demonstrates a mounting gap in language growth, understanding and constructing intricate sentences, and experience hardship in forming ideas as judged against students with standard hearing. In most cases, a hearing-impaired child pretends to comprehend issues thus reducing the learning chances for the student to a bare minimum. This calls for the facilitative stratagems for deaf students to incorporate diverse facets of communication. This is compounded by the fact that deafness is not a visible disability. This means that it is possible for teachers to fail to acknowledge the disability and treat him/her as an ordinary student. Since deafness varies in degree, it becomes hard to implement an effective method of teaching deaf students. While one strategy might work effectively for one student, the same strategy might fail to work for a different student. This research paper introduces the reader into understanding the steps taken in teaching a hearing-impaired child. The paper also discusses the manipulatives used in the process and examines if deaf children can learn phonics. The reason of the study is to examine how parents and teachers of deaf children approach the issue. The paper also seeks to examine if the strategies used in teaching hearing-impaired students are effective. Introduction As time goes by, a typical hearing-impaired studen
Introduction Issues on health care policy have soured in the recent past. This is mainly because citizens are dissatisfied with the kind of health care benefits provided. The United States ranks first in health care budget. However, this does not count on service delivery. Moreover, it is estimated that about 20% of Americans lacks health insurance. This has prompted heavy criticism of political leaders to make reforms. The United States offers a hybrid health care system which encompasses two choices. The first involves funding of healthcare through private insurance companies while the second involves health care programs. The latter includes programs such as Medicare, Medicaid and SCHIP, which provides health insurance to three groups. These are retirees, the poor and children from low-income families. This paper will explore healthcare policy, its effect on the industry and reforms (Morrisey 1). Health care policy Health care policy refers to rules, guidelines and regulations that are aimed at financing and shaping delivery of healthcare. It encompasses various issues that relate to health. For instance, it includes financing of health care, disability, mental and public health, among others. Its area of operation is unlimited within the health sector. Health care policy also works to prioritize specific health care problems. For instance, in 1971, the former United States President Nixon avowed war on Cancer. Moreover, health policy may involve focus on specific activities aimed at improving health care system. These include research and sensitization on critical health issues such as AIDs and Cancer, among others. When the government makes it a policy to conduct such activities, they are given priorities and are hence financed from budget allocations. Other issues that have drawn special attention include small pox, substance abuse, cigarette smoking and suicide prevention among others. Such activities and programs are always targeted for reducing health risks, which are in health policies. Health care policies may involve behavior-changing programs such as public advertising, information, sensitization programs, among others. It is also necessary to note that these programs usually encompass support systems for victims of targeted issues. In essence, health care policy encompasses a wide area of network with uncountable rules, regulations and programs aimed at improving service delivery (Laszewski 1). Financing of health care has been a major issue in the U.S
The IR system is defended from being the cause of declining productivity There are fears that the IR system affects productivity because there are laws giving unions too much power, which translates into unnecessary strikes and wage claims. Legislators have argued that productivity is a result of the whole industrial relations legislative structure and not just the current IR system. They also support the Fair Work Act, which can create productivity gains such as those achieved by the first Keating reforms. The declining national productivity has been traced from the Workplace Relations Act, and so the Fair Work Act is defended from being the cause of falling performance. This implies that the fall in productivity occurred irrespective of the legislative framework that was in force in Australia. However, the policy is identified as an influential factor in the determination of future equilibrium growth rate for instance through the removal of irrelevant regulatory burdens or industries that affect business inputs (Whitbourn 2012). The Australian economy faces a decline due to a slump in the Chinese economy The Australian dollar went down compared to the US dollar due to the 5.2% decline experienced by industrial companies in their net income. The demand for construction materials in China is uncertain due to the increasing failure of auctions and falling land prices of sales between developers since interest in buying land have receded. Australia faces economic decline as a result of the slump in China’s economic growth since it is the main supplier of iron ore, which has its demand lowered. The tight controls instituted by the government on real estate buying to stabilize the market have helped handling of demand since the 10-20% price reduction has controlled the piling of inventories. Furthermore, the initiative by the Chinese government to construct millions of social housing for the poor caused a huge uncertainty for construction materials for commercial housing projects (Sainsbury 2012). The need for consumer protection laws was realized after the Australian Airline collapses Consumer protection laws are important in every country. The need for these laws has been felt in Australia after the collapse of Air Australia, which was an international budget airline. The airline left stranded over 4000 passengers who had booked flights with it. At the same time, 300 workers now have no jobs, and unsecured creditors will not be refunded their money which they invested or lent the airline. As KordaMentha investigates the plight of the airline, questions continue to be asked as to whether the airline was operating while being insolvent. Since a net worth of between 10 and 20 million US dollars is owed for ticket sales, the implications of the collapse will affect stakeholders tremendously. The sales from nearly 100,000 tickets will create losses that are likely to be incurred by passengers who never paid using credit cards is too huge
Amber Inn & Suites is a hotel chain that operates western as well as Rocky Mountain states. In 2005, this organization operated 250 sites (Kerin, 335). The services of this company are intended mostly for business travelers who value reasonable prices and comfortable accommodations. The composite marketing challenge is the inability to make a unique selling proposition to a variety of customers, especially tourists and people who are on a business trip. It is also important to remember about organizational challenge of this company. As it has been shown in the case study, the planning in this organization was done in a top-down way which means that key decisions were made only by senior executives without involving people who occupied a lower place in the organizational hierarchy (Kerin, 331). As a result, the company became less responsive to the changes in customers’ demands and new strategies adopted by their competitors. Organizational and marketing challenges contributed to several financial problems. It should be noted that within the period between 2003 and 2005, Amber Inn could not break even. In particular, they posted net losses during three consecutive years. Furthermore, within this period the company increased its corporate expenses which increased by $ 5,9 million (Kerin, 338). Hence, one can speak about inefficient budgeting and planning. There are several opportunities that the company missed at that point. In particular, they failed to attract tourists who travelled through the Rocky Mountains states. Many of these people came with their families and they could be interested in the services of Amber Inn, if they knew more about the amenities that the company could offer them, for instance, indoor and outdoor saunas (Kerin, 336). As it has been said, before the company was oriented toward the needs of business travelers. Yet, they did not provide the amenities such people might need. For instance, Amber Inn properties did not include conference rooms that could be of great use to such guests. Thus, they did not meet the needs of the major clients. Furthermore, one also has to remember about various competitive challenges. The thing is that Amber Inn is positioned between full-service luxury hotels and economy hotels (Kerin, 336). These organizations lay stress either on their prices or the quality of their services. Overall, such strategies can succeed because they target a specific segment of the population. Thus, the management of Amber Inn must find a way of distinguishing their company among other hotel chains. Overall, there is a need for the company to make a unique selling proposition (USP) to its customers. The USP that is made to business travelers should emphasize reasonable price, efficient services, and well-chosen locations of Amber Inn sites. Additionally, they also need mention such amenities that may be of great use to business travelers, for example, dataport telephones (Kerin, 335). Secondly, the USP to tourists should also stress
The continuing growth of confederations and federations throughout African history was interrupted by the invasion of the West. The protectorates undermined the existing legacies, political systems, and social lives of the Africans. Before the West’s invasion of Africa, the local bequests were building modern schemes of governance and education structures. Besides, the long-distance trade blocks throughout the continent had significantly changed cultural perceptions. However, colonization destroyed the African culture, irreversibly changed its history, and introduced new systems which glorified Europe and its achievements. Paleontological discoveries have unearthed further information which shows the prospect of an African complex system of evolution over the years. In the analysis of Egypt, some potent cultural themes which still reverberate through history can be discovered. As a result, there has been extensive research conducted by scholars to understand the fascinating elements such as hieroglyphics, religion, and pyramids. Recent studies have discovered the origin of primary theories in the historical past, such as metaphysical and materialist theories (Wenke 280). Within these publications, the focus is on the archeological data about several significant features in Egypt’s transformation into a complex society. The evidence proves that lower and upper cultural integration is a definitive process in the country’s evolution. Useful insights from these discoveries provide a tool for the sequential assessment of the evolution of Egypt. Additionally, it offers the materials for comparison to other civilizations and their internal dynamics. Ancient Egypt in the pharaonic times is immensely enlightening in the reconstruction of the African past. Generally, from a paleontological viewpoint, Africa is the cradle of human origin, where the first set of primates evolved into bipedal walking. The upright man was a savannah dweller whose brain capacity was advanced and who could use primitive tools and language. However, paleontology, as any other cultural discussion sphere, has a strong western influence and bias. The construction of progressive historical analysis uses such data as radiocarbon dating, ancient texts, and artifacts variations. In particular, the central geographical position of the continent has equally been argued by historians to the point of ancestry before migrations. Moreover, the analysis of historic linguistics provides useful information on people of different languages by determining certain words’ prevalence (Spear 310). Historians frequently focus on establishing a historical relationships among d
Company research is an asset of pivotal importance that is often disregarded by short-sighted administrations. The main goal of any organization is to remember that their customer is always the boss. The communication between the “boss” and the organization is performed through research. The companies should put the most effort into the process of meeting the requirements set by their customers and exceed their expectations regularly. Another critical point is to be able to perceive the perspectives of the company’s customers and focus on their needs. On a bigger scale, this approach is a multifaceted problem, and a lot of researchers struggle when trying to identify the needs of the customers. Conducting company research means managing manifold projects, assigning roles, prioritizing properly, and allocating critical resources to develop short-term, mid-term, and long-term objectives and the vision of the organization. In perspective, it is necessary to mitigate the adverse outcomes including workforce fatigue and desolation. Brief Description of the Company and Its Potential Problems The company chosen for the study is Reebok. It is a brand that operates worldwide and focuses on sporting goods. Reebok is committed to creatively approaching the process of manufacturing and challenging the existing state of affairs in the market. Throughout their history, Reebok proved themselves as a company that was not afraid to step away from predictability and conformism. Using its product mix, Reebok highlights the creative potential possessed by the brand and its marketing programs. There are several potential problems that Reebok could address via further research. First, they might research the market to point out the individualities that are currently characteristic of their customers. This might be done to draw attention to the uniqueness of each of their customers and show that the brand understands the customers’ needs and supports their point of view and style. Reebok might also want to research to increase the feeling of authenticity elicited by their products. Overall, research is necessary to help Reebok strengthen its position of never-ending originality and implementation of ideas that seem impracticable at first. The Indicators of Effective and Ineffective Use of Research Studies Two basic types of indicators essentially divide the performance scale into effective and ineffective. The company’s marketing strategy is flawless (including their social media presence and the willingness of famous people to advertise their products and become Reebok’s ambassadors in the future) (Abdussalam, 2014). In turn, two key factors support the claim that Reebok uses research studies ineffectively. First, their products are not so popular among the majority of the customers despite the uniqueness of the approach. Second,
Introduction The process of globalization influences all spheres of life. In business, it increases the global chain role and internationalization of companies’ activities (Sultana, Rashid, Mohiuddin, & Mazumder, 2013). Consequently, the workforce is also becoming multi-cultural. Although it opens new opportunities, the cross-cultural staff is a challenge for a manager. Lack of knowledge in managing cross-cultural employees can lead to efficiency decrease. Thus, the primary task of a contemporary manager is to provide guidance and support to avoid misunderstandings and achieve high effectiveness of cooperation among cross-culture employees. This research studies the issue of the motivation of cross-culture cooperation and its impact on high performance on the example of Emirates Airlines. Literature Review The issue of managing cross-culture differences in general and the significance of this problem in the workplace has become a topic for many studies. Thus, Moran, Abramson, and Moran (2014) provide an analysis of different approaches to management in different cultures. The authors focus on the differences that determine successful performance in the workplace worldwide. Moreover, the researchers disclose the challenges faced by managers who have to deal with cross-culture workforce. Moran et al. stress the importance of considering cultural peculiarities while managing employees. It is particularly important for the Middle East setting since customs and protocol of business together with other cultural aspects have a significant impact on workforce management. Branine and Pollard (2010) concentrate on Islamic management principles of human resource management. The researchers provide an analysis of implications for multinationals that operate in Islamic countries. The research provides tools that help to understand the specific features of management in the Arab world. Moreover, the authors disclose the challenges faced by managers while working with cross-cultural employees. Mellahi and Wood (2001) also investigated the peculiarities of management in Arab countries, Saudi Arabia in particular. They concluded that Saudi Arabia as a leader in the regional economy significantly influences the cultural factors in management. The authors analyze various HRM methods typical of the Middle East. Moreover, they review the opportunities for the elimination of occupational segregation. Gelfand, Nishii, and Raver (2006) reveal the psychological aspects of cross-culture management. They introduce the issue of cultural tightness-looseness in organizational management. The researchers focus on the significance of the manager’s knowledge of managing a cross-cultural workforce. Mor, Morris, and Joh (2013) stress the importance of intercultural efficiency of managers while working with the representatives of different cultural backgrounds. The researchers focus on the social cognitive mechanisms that empower the individual performance of employees. the research proved