ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Much has been written in modern literature about an entrepreneur’s characteristics, mentality, and mindset. In particular, the motives and driving forces are clarified, and such traits as ambition, authority, interest, desire for communication, optimism, and independent thinking are considered. Among others, the willingness to take risks is especially emphasized. Summarizing the researched sources, it can be said that an entrepreneur is a persistent person with lateral thinking, who is guided by the creation of innovations and takes actions, which change the world. Entrepreneurs represent an essential aspect of the economy as they help drive growth by offering innovative ideas on which their company is based. Duermyer (2020) argues that not everyone has a chance of success, but if the business brings results with advance, it abruptly moves forward not only the industry but also the world around. Ferreira (2020) agrees with this point of view and states that an entrepreneur can contribute to social change and create an innovative product, which defies the status quo in everyday life. For instance, Elon Musk sends humanity to Mars, while Steve Jobs and Bill Gates have made phones and computers part of every home (Ferreira, 2020). Thus, entrepreneurs are among the most influential transformers of things in the entire world. Entrepreneurs think lateral and have independent intellection, which enables them to be forward and innovative. They do not excite about those who might question their plans and ideas (Duermyer, 2020). It shows their optimism since it is difficult to achieve anything without expecting a positive outcome regardless of others’ opinions and circumstan
When I was growing up, the concept of feminism was not mentioned often in my surroundings. I cannot recall when I encountered it for the first time. However, I can remember that for many years this term, for me, was associated with the aggression of women and with the idea of women “acting out” or “not being traditionally feminine”. I remember that feminism was regarded as something ridiculous and useless. However, I am glad that this concept eventually made its way into my surroundings as something that needs to be re-evaluated and approached critically. Having started to wonder what feminism really represented and where it originated, I learned that this phenomenon has significant historical and social weight and value that should never be disregarded. Unfortunately, the ideas that feminism is pointless and silly are still common. It is possible that they come from old-fashioned beliefs about gender roles and the so-called “male” and “female” spheres of careers, lifestyle, and even social behavior. As feminism first started to appear, many men felt threatened by it, as women seemed to claim for themselves many areas in which men used to dominate (Kimmel 262-264). Also, it is possible that the community where I was growing up took old-fashioned norms for granted. As it usually happens, people may stick to sets of beliefs and views that are passed from one generation to another without ever questioning them. When it comes to my personal encounters with people who do not agree with feminism, I could share one story that is particularly memorable to me. A person whom I had considered a good friend for many years turned out to be quite a radical misogynist. He came from an old-fashioned patriarchal family. His father promoted the idea that women are only good for kitchen and cannot be trusted with anything else. Moreover, my friend was also sure that women shared his beliefs. Once, he tried to convince the mother of his other friend that cooking meals, being a housewife, and serving her husband was her only sources of happiness. When I tried to let him know that he was extremely offensive, he laughed and accused me of being “one of those feminists”. In response, I tried to explain that not all women are fond of being housewives, but he laughed again and called my statement nonsensical. It is interesting to note that healthcare, as an industry, has seen a series of changes as the women’s health movement brought women into healthcare specialties. Naming five prominent historical moments that were parts of this movement, it is necessary to mention the Middle Ages when women practicing medicine were considered witches and banned from this field. The second key moment is the entrance of women into traditional medical practice in the 1800s. This event was followed by the formation of an official movement in the 1830s and 40s when “Ladies’ Physiological Societies” were created (Seaman and Eldridge 16). While in the 1860s the profession of a nurse was created, by 1890s women were forced to nursing spec
What do you see as notable about the birth of the Buddha? How does Siddhartha’s birth differ from Christ’s birth? How are they similar? The birth of Buddha is associated with a miracle. It is said that Queen Maha Maya had a dream, and in the dream, there appeared a beautiful white elephant that encircled her and entered her right side. The Queen was a strict observer of all religious vows, and consequently, she was perplexed and consulted the King over the issue. Afterward, the King summoned the wise men, also known as Brahmin, to assist in the interpretation of the mysterious dream. The wiremen’s interpretation of the dream was that there was going to be born a son to the royal family. According to the tradition of people, such a son was to become a Universal Monarch, incase he remained in the palace. Traditionally, the Queen had to return to her parents to give birth. However, while on the way to her parent’s home, she gave birth to a baby boy. The birth was an extraordinary event and was celebrated in the country. The birth of Siddharta differs from that of Christ in a number of ways. Whereas Christ was born in a manger, Siddharta was born under a giant Sal tree. Furthermore, the birth of Siddharta occurred when the Queen was going back to her parent’s home. On the other hand, Christ was in Bethlehem as his parents had gone for a census. Christ was born of the Virgin Mary, Siddharta was a son to the Queen. As such, Christ was born from a humble background, whereas Siddharta from the royal family. The only similarity in the birth of Christ and Siddharta was that both their births were predicted by angels. What do you see as the main ethical concerns of the historical Buddha? How do these ethical concerns overlap with the ethical concerns of Christ? In what ways are the ethical approaches of Buddha and Christ different? The ethical concern in the birth of the Buddha was that it was predicted by angels. Normally, the birth of a child is supposed to be known by the parents. As such, the fact that four angels appeared and predicted this to the Queen goes against the conventional ethics of society. Additionally, as a child from the royal family, he was supposed to be born at home. Consequently, it becomes an ethical concern if the Buddha is born on the way under a Sal tree. There is an overlap between the Buddha’s birth and that of Christ in that Christ was born of a woman who was a virgin. However, the birth of Christ also occurs away from home. The birthplace of Christ, the manager, was against societal ethics. Given the pivotal role that Christ was to play at the start of the Christian faith, one would have imagined that he would have been born in a decent place. Thus, there is a difference between the ethical approaches of Christ and Buddha. Here, it did not matter so much where the Buddha was born. On the other hand, the birthplace of Christ was significant in the Christian faith. What is the cause of suffering, according to the Buddha? What is the cause of suffering, according to Christ? How does the Buddha see suffering overcome? How does the Christ see suffering overcome? According to Buddha
Introduction In an organization, occurrence of conflicts between workers or between workers and the management is inevitable, because of the diverse nature of worker’s personalities, values, needs, aspirations, and opinions. Although most individuals may associate conflicts with negative effects, if well handled conflicts can help to expose and solve the numerous underlying managerial problems within an organization. For example, in organizations where managers use an autocratic leadership style, employees rarely have an opportunity of voicing their grievances. In this like a scenario, the common way used by most employees to get attention from the management, is by organizing numerous strikes and work unrests. Although in some of these like scenarios conflicts can be very detrimental to the wellbeing of an organization, if managements can handle conflicts, which arise from this like scenarios by addressing their underlying causes, this can be a very helpful tool for solving the numerous managerial weaknesses that may be in an organization. Considering this, it is the work of a management team to create a healthy environment that minimizes chances of conflicts arising or to put up measures that can enable workers within an organization to solve conflicts whenever they arise (Hotepo, Asokere, Abdul-Azeez, & Ajemunigbohum, 2010, pp. 1-2). For management teams to find workable and viable solutions to conflicts, it is important for such teams to consider the underlying caus
Introduction The study by Warsini, West, Mills, & Usher (2014) addresses the problem of the psychological fallout of natural disasters. It is based on a literature review. The utilized studies investigated the prevalence of “post-traumatic stress disorder (PSTD), depression, anxiety, acute stress disorder, and suicide intention” among victims of such natural disasters as “earthquake, flood, tsunami, hurricane, landslide, volcano, and bushfire” (Warsini et al., 2014, p. 431). After outlining the results of these researches in a table, the summarize these findings; the frequency of the named psychological issues across the studies is compared; in addition, some risk factors for this or that disorders are also exposed (Warsini et al., 2014). Type of Academic Paper The authors conducted a search through several medical and other scientific databases, and also carried out a hand search; out of the 1642 articles found during the searching procedures, 39 articles were selected and reviewed (Warsini et al., 2014, pp. 420-421). Therefore, it may be stated that the evidence employed in this study most closely resembles the Level V evidence, that is, the evidence obtained from systematic reviews. Target Audience The studies reviewed by Warsini et al. (2014) were conducted globally, and investigated the results of natural disasters in numerous countries, for example, Italy, Taiwan, China, the U.S., and others. In addition, the topic that this study is concerned with can be important in any country that is stricken by natural disasters. Therefore, the article is intended for any healthcare professionals providing psychological aid for victims of natural disasters; in particular, the authors emphasize that mental health nurses play a significant role in addressing the aftermath of the disasters (Warsini et al., 2014, p. 434). Taking into account that these nurses need to be well-prepared to address the problems of patients and be able to demonstrate calm and confident behavior (Ennis, Happell, & Reid-Searl, 2015), it is clear that such nurses may find this review useful in preparing for both clinical and fieldwork. Was the Information Easy to Understand? The information provided by Warsini et al. (2014) was quite easy to understand, for the authors provide it in a rather structured manner. The findings of all the reviewed studies are provided in a table, which makes it easy for readers to quickly assess the studies on their own. Furthermore, the results of the research are classified according to the type of natural disasters, which also allows for an easier comparison of these findings and for creating a general picture of the problem (Warsini et al., 2014). Facts Learned from the Article Warsini et al. (2014) provide some facts that might be useful for a researcher or healthcare professional. In particular, the authors reveal certain methodological issues that arise when the psychological fallout of natural disasters is studied and the problems of the curren
Innocent Drinks is a UK-based company that produces smoothies from fresh juices with the aim of helping customers to feel healthier. The brand positions in a standard drinks sector and considers the ways to grow its profits. Even though some deceleration is evident, the company’s success was significant from the date of its establishment. Speaking of the factors that led Innocent Drinks to 30 percent of the market share in the UK, one should note marketing strategy, packaging decisions, price, and founders’ commitment to their work. First of all, it should be emphasized that Innocent Drinks was founded by three friends, Reed, Wright, and Balon, who managed to organize large meetings before they decided to start a company. Consistent with one of the course readings, they focused on 3 Rs, such as roles, relationships, and rewards (Wasserman, 2012). In particular, each of the team members had a specific role, while their relationships were built on transparency, mutual respect, and passion associated with creating a new brand. They clearly understood that the compensation would be fair and significant since the market analysis and the business plan were prepared thoroughly. At the same time, packaging decisions were well-elaborated to meet customers’ needs with regard to both quality and price. While creating their business, the founders relied, first of all, on the social purpose and the income to be earned, which is similar to the ideas provided by Sabeti (2011). The mentioned author states that enterprise architecture should be designed to meet these characteristics, thus ensuring that organizational issues are considered pivotal. One more factor that made Innocent Drinks successful is its packaging decision related to price. When they evaluated the only competitor, PJ company, it became clear that it offers 330ml at £1.99. In turn, Innocent Drinks decided to produce 250ml bottles at a lower price yet with a focus on high quality. As stated by Anderson, Wouters, and Van Rossum (2010), the highest price is not best since only value-based pricing motivates customers to buy products. Last but not least, the marketing mix applied by the company consisted of the combination with traditional and guerilla methods along with the promotion of healthy lifestyles. Currently, several growth options exist, each of which contains certain opportunities and risks. The first growth option may be specified as the expansion to other countries in Europe. The preliminary analysis and testing project in Ireland showed that the expansion to Europe might bring relatively low revenues. Lerner and Sahlman (2012) claim that contemporary economic culture sets some significant opportunities that are related to expansion issues. For example, the identified author notes that information availability is critical while introducing product lines on the new market. In case Innocent Drinks plans to use guerrilla marketing, it may be insuffici
Introduction Johann Sebastian Bach became famous because of his dazzling organ performances. Even though he was a renowned church musician, he was also consistent in terms of how many new pieces he released. This consistency has made Bach one of the biggest figures in the field of musical compositions. On the one hand, Bach’s Joy of Man’s Desiring is an intellectually rigorous composition that is transcendent in terms of how it unfolds the beauty of music through Bach’s signature style. On the other hand, Igor Stravinsky was a rather diverse modern composer since he composed concertos, symphonies, and ballets. The Rite of Spring is one of the masterpieces that brought Stravinsky international acclaim. He revolutionized the structure of musical performances, rhythms, and harmonies that could be utilized to highlight the score. Even though the ballet contradicted Stravinsky’s music just as Bach’s prelude interfered with the choral section, their innovative approaches still generated a perfect response from the audience. The Joy of Man’s Desiring by Johann Sebastian Bach The signature style employed by Bach can be heard from the first chords. The prelude includes a G Major and a D Major-to-G Major toward the end. The unique feeling is also created by means of four different voices included in the composition: alto, bass, soprano, and tenor (Rogers 23). Occasional harmonies develop the effect of ornamentation that is also maintained by a relatively slower pace and half-notes. The distinct melodies included in each of the three sections of the prelude represent musical voices intended to counter the vocal composition. The top melody is the leading one since it features the principal theme of the musical piece and creates the overall mood. To my mind, the middle and bottom melodies are also necessary because they highlight quarter notes and measures over the course of all top-melody triplets. Another element of the composition that has to be covered when talking about The Joy of Man’s Desiring is the lyrics. The characteristics of Jesus are praised throughout the composition, highlighting the incredible significance of this figure to the singers. The choral goes along with the prelude for the first half of the composition and then remains hushed all the way to the end of the musical piece. Not only did this allow Bach to create a dramatic scenery, but it also helped him develop an accompaniment that did not interfere with the lyrics and the harmonic power. I feel like The Joy of Man’s Desiring is a lasting masterpiece that features a magnificent melody and a counterpointing choral part that goes perfectly with the music. Rite of Spring by Igor Stravinsky The initial element that becomes evident is the unique orchestration picked by Stravinsky. The high-register bassoon solo sets the tone for the upcoming ballet from the beginning. Even though the sound is somewhat rough, it invokes a memorable melody and bri
Introduction Brands are valuable in that they create social positions for customers, and they influence their decisions either to buy or not to buy the products. The main challenge of branding managers is to try and make the brand as strong as possible so as to get a large share of the market (Bell, 2008). This paper critically evaluates a journal article titled “Asian Brands and the Shaping of a Transnational Imagined Community “ authoured by Cayla and Eckhardt. The article is about how brand managers in Asia work towards creating brands in the region. Branding managers in Asia is integral in creating markets for products. It is, therefore, essential for one to understand the process so as to appreciate the work done by these managers. Summary The authors suggest that brands help in the creation of new identities as well as social positions for customers. Global brands are significant since they help consumers to feel connected beyond their immediate surroundings. They argue that brands have the capability of creating interconnections between people from across the globe. They feel that they share something in common by using a common brand. Further, they argue that brands can give information regarding a certain culture. They act as newspapers since they can tell a story about a certain issue. However, the process followed in the creation of a pan- regional identity is different. The main focu
This paper will discuss the challenges, faced by two Korean automakers, Daewoo and Hyundai. These companies take different approaches to marketing their products to the foreign consumers. At the present moment, Daewoo focuses mostly on the developing economies, particularly Eastern Europe because in these regions the company encounters practically no competition from local manufacturers, and this market is less sophisticated in terms of technology and management (Kim & Lee, 2001; Kim, n. d). In contrast, Hyundai paid more attention to the domestic market and tried to distribute its products in the advanced countries, yet this campaign proved to be unsuccessful since Western European or American markets were already saturated, and Hyundai competitors were superior in terms of production capacity and technology use (Kim, n. d, p 7). Therefore, it is possible to argue that these two companies routes of globalization. It seems that these enterprises ought to emulate the strategies, introduced by Toyota, more than thirty years ago, namely we need to mention lean and just-in-time production, which would allow them to increase the speed of internal operations and reduce the costs of production (Ōno, 1988). In part, Hyundai have already begun to put this policy into practice, for example, this company created production-and-sales-control department, which coordinates the efforts of suppliers and marketers. Its key responsibility is to work out daily, weekly, and monthly production schedules (Hang, Duplaga & Harley, 2001, p 35). Furthermore, the company introduced a computerized information system that facilitates the flow of information between the sales department and manufacturing units. It helps the management avoid the risk of overproduction or underproduction. We need to mention that one of the difficulties, faced by such companies as Daewoo or Hyundai is the so-called bullwhip effect. This phenomenon is often defined as the “demand variability amplification along the supply chain” (Dolgui & Proth 2010, p 119). In other words, bullwhip effect means that even a small fluctuation in demand for the product requires each of the suppliers to increase its inventory and volume of production. In many cases, enterprises have to create the so-called safety stocks (inventory or raw materials) which are used only when the demand for the product exceeds the supply. The key question, faced by many car manufacturers is how to reduce the amount of inventory. This is why such companies as Daewoo and Hyundai should make more extensive use