ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The Introduction: Some Basic Assumptions Of The Universe Development Generally, the Big Bang theory is recognized to be one of the ways to explain the appearance of the Universe. They say that our Universe expanded from hot structure. The structure existed more than thirteen billion years ago; so, they say that the Big Bang took place exactly at that time. The theory is based on the observations of cosmology. On the other hand, many astronomers rely on the so-called Hubble’s law. According to scientific data taken from the popular website Cornell. External galaxies are receding in such a way that their recessional speeds are proportional to the distance they are away from us. This observation is explained well by a uniform expansion of the universe. If the universe is expanding, it must have started out very small some time far in the past. It is this point which has been called the beginning of the universe or the Big Bang (1). On the other hand, one is to keep in mind the CMB radiation, which also explains the way the Universe appeared. Thus, according to radiation investigations, some scientists say that billion years ago the Universe was hotter. For this reason, one may affirm that cosmic microwave background radiation represents the first photons. The CMB radiation was predicted in the late forties; however, the phenomenon was observed only in the mid of the sixties. Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson opened the CMB radiation. Another important point, which is to be considered, is a large scale structure of the Universe. Thus, analyzing the structure, the scientists can study numerous aspects cosmology includes. Moreover, there is an opportunity to know more about the structure formation of our Universe. The Thesis Statement Generally, the Big Bang theory studies the process of cosmic evolution. The most important point is that the type of theory is recognized to be totally independent of other forms of evolution. The theory doesn’t disclose the origin of the Universe; it studies the way the Universe started. The Body: The Most Widespread Attempts To Explain The Big Bang Theory Björn Feuerbacher and Ryan Scranton say that No similar consensus has been reached on ideas about the ultimate origin of the universe. This remains an area of active research. That said, BBT is nevertheless about origins – the origin of matter, the origin of the elements, the origin of large scale structure, the origin of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation, etc (1). There are numerous misconceptions, which exist in persons’ mind about the BBT. The theory is not so easy to explain; however, the simplest affirmation is that when the Universe was expanded, it became cooler . The issue of the Universe expansion should be related to a space expansion. Anyway, there are many contradictions concerning the development of the Universe. Some scientists suppose that there was pre-existing volume, and the Universe had to reach the corresponding size. On the other hand, there are no facts, which could confirm the idea. Background knowledge about volume and geometry is at varian
Modern technological advancements have influenced virtually all sectors in the society. The various procedures of identifying crime are now conducted using technology. A number of technological advances have helped law enforcement agencies in accurately identifying a criminal suspect. The most popular one which has been discussed is the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis. Biometric identification, intra-agency databases for DNA, fingerprint and palm print, and camera and wiretap surveillance have been very effective in enhancing criminal identification. It has emerged that these advances have significant effects on the efficiency of the criminal justice system, particularly from the perspective of crime control. Post-conviction DNA testing has become a major concern in the criminal justice system. In some instances, DNA tests give negative results on the evidence which means the convict is exonerated (Houck, 2005). However, it has always been argued in forensics that lack of DNA traces that does imply lack of commission of a crime. Therefore, criminals are aware of the fact that their attempts to ensure no traces of blood or body fluids containing DNA will not imply that they are innocent when DNA test is done. It can be agreed that DNA analysis is one of the ways of control crime but it has its limitations and strengths depending on how it is used and the nature of crime (Semikhodskii, 2007). Since DNA analysis of evidence from a crime scene can be used to identify a suspect, the number of crime has
Introduction The proposed trip includes three stops. First, the Haleakalā volcano will be visited (see fig. 1). Then, we will get to the Wai’anapanapa State Park, which will take around 2 hours 40 minutes (see fig. 4). The landscapes should make up for this inconvenience. The Wai’anapanapa lava tube springs (see fig. 2) and black sand beach (see fig. 3) are the two other features of the trip. All the stops are popular touristic sites, which is why they have the entire necessary infrastructure. The specifics of the sites will be investigated as discussed below. Stop 1: Haleakalā Volcano Haleakalā is a large shield volcano that is situated in the east of the Island of Maui and basically comprises this part of Maui. Its name is translated as the “House of the Sun.” Having been created by the Hawaiian hot spot, it rises from the ocean floor; its height above the sea level is 3,005 meters, which amounts to about 7% of its true size. It is also 53 kilometers across with the crater of 49 kilometers, and it makes up about 70% of the Island of Maui (Lopes, 2005, p. 98). The plate tectonic theory explains the creation of volcanoes by studying the movements of tectonic plates that are rigid lithosphere parts (Wicander, 2013, p. 11). Hawaii Islands are not situated on a boundary that would allow the plates to collide or separate. Instead, they are the result of the Pacific plate movement over the “hot spot” or “mantle plume” that has created the volcanoes, which produced the islands (Wicander, 2013, p. 54). Therefore, Haleakalā is one of the volcanoes that have been formed in the middle of a plate by a hot spot. The volcano was also enlarged by erosion to the size that we are introduced to during the trip (Lopes, 2005, p. 98). The volcano is currently in the non-eruptive phase, and it is being monitored. Its latest eruption took pace in the seventeenth or eighteenth century (Coastal Geology Group, 2013; Lopes, 2005). The earthquakes that are being registered are not considered to be the result of its activity, but it is not excluded that it may erupt again (Lopes, 2005, p. 105). The volcano (and volcanoes in general) has its economic uses. In particular, it has become a tourist attraction, which contributes to the economic development of the island. Similarly, the specific natural features of a great part of Maui (including the following two stops that will be visited during this trip) are the results of its activity. The volcano also has produced resources (for example, b
Introduction and what is expected of a good recruitment model Recruitment is a process of identifying qualified people for a specific job by catching the attention of the recruits, cross examining them and choosing qualified people. Most organizations both mid and large sized have professionals who perform the work of recruitment while at the same time, they might outsource the process to agencies who offer recruitment services. The best recruitment model for an organization is one that addresses the internal and external factors, a model that is based on these factors and a work or job investigation that recognizes the behavior and characteristics of workers which will then help in selection of candidates who are competent for that job. Strategies of organizations change from time to time as they respond to changes in the economic and business environment (Delery, 1996). For this case, I am going to discuss the ‘strategic recruitment and selection model’ which I think will address the above concerns during recruitment. The use of this strategy in recruitment emphasizes the need to match people with the job requirements. Job analysis Strategic recruitment and selection model entails several steps or procedures of selection. First, job analysis has to be done which involves the following; establishing the relevance of the job analysis, listing the characteristics of the personnel to be hired, selecting the job in question for analysis, gathering data of the job analysis, reviewing and developing the specifications and description of the job. In order to perform job analysis, information is gathered using the following techniques; use of questionnaires, observation, records of participants and the procedures of the civil service. Description of the job should be very clear and should not rhyme with description of other jobs while at the same time, specification of the job should be comprehensible and followed so that the right person with the correct skills for the job is selected. Job analysis enables recruiters to know what the job is all about and what skillfulness and capability to search in candidates (Noe et al., 2010). Planning and recruitment The next level in strategic recruitment and selection model is personnel planning and recruitment. At this stage, plans are developed for selection of candidates which involves the requirements of the personnel, availability of candidates from outside and within the organization. For an organization to know the demand for new employees, it has to consider make predictions of the services on demand. When the demands of the personnel are determined and evaluated, the next stage is to come up with a group of eligible candidates through advertisements, employment agencies or the internet. Analysis of the application form is the first step to collect data which enables recruiters to make predictions about their past and future performance. Human resources scheduling and selection has a direct impact on the level of dedication of the member of staff because it translates on the ability to develop. Therefore, the whole process
Abstract Customers are the most important elements in any business and therefore, any business that acknowledges this is likely to excel in its performance. To enhance service delivery and customer satisfaction, most organizations seek the services of customer care professionals. This paper discusses the qualities of a customer care and in relation to this; the essay focuses on a new Pack-All customer care representative. In addition, there are the interpersonal skills that are necessary for appointment to this post. The paper will also discuss the possible question that the new employee may enquire from the supervisor in order to enhance effectiveness in delivery of duties. There is expectation of the customers as well as how the customer care representative should handle their needs. Finally, the paper will look at organization’s culture with examples from United Bookseller Company. Customer Care Representative at PackAll Company What interpersonal skills do you currently have that will allow you to be successful in your new position? Customer service is a role and from my training and experience as a customer care representative, I acknowledge that customers are the greatest asset of any business (Evenson, 2007). For this reason, I have developed strong communication skills to communicate with customers effectively and in relation to this, I have good verbal, writing skills as well as being a good listener. In dealing with the customers, maintenance of image of the business is necessary and therefore I am an honest person who esteems integrity. The task of dealing with customers is not easy and for this reason, I always have a positive attitude towards my work. I am highly motivated and possess a passion for customer care, and for these reasons I can work with minimum or no supervision. The main objective of this position is to make and maintain sales and for this task, I have good negotiation skills in making quick and accurate decisions. I may not have all that is required for this position and therefore, I am an open-minded, very flexible, and able to learn new skills fast. In addition to this, today’s employees should possess skills that make them effective team player and I can assure that I am an effective team player (McIntyre & Salas, 1995). Finally, through my training in customer care I know th
The sixties were a revolutionary decade dominated by many significant events. Civil Rights Protests, the Vietnam War, Cuban Missile Crisis, the assassinations of Martin Luther King and John F. Kennedy – all of these happenings had a dramatic impact on the people. No wonder that many social and political movements began in that period, inspiring the spirit of rebellion and freedom. However, the sixties did not only mean social and political difficulties: those were the years of mood and style, youth idealism and exciting ventures. What the Story Is About The book “The Sixties: Years of Hope, Days of Rage” by Todd Gitlin is one of the brightest first-hand descriptions of that time. Gitlin’s political views were closely connected with his personal life issues. As he puts it, he has “worked at the edge of history and autobiography” (Gitlin 4). Thus, in his book he contemplates on the impressions of the decade which had a powerful impact on him and his friends. Gitlin admits that there is a place for all sorts of feelings in his autobiography: “pride, chagrin, and embarrassment” (Gitlin 4). He shares his experience of belonging to the New Left movement: “the dynamic center of the decade” which pushed the youth forward by proclaiming the arrival of the change and “forming the template for the revolts of hippies, women, and gays” (Gitlin 4). Harvard: Formation of Gitlin’s Position Born in 1943 and growing up in the Bronx, the author was “a liberal youth” raised by “liberal parents (Gitlin 66). However, his Jewish heritage made him feel confused about his political “quietism” (Gitlin 51). One of the crucial moments in Gitlin’s life was his studying at Harvard. There he discovered many rebellious authors and started learning about the left-wing politics. In his sophomore year, he joined a peace group called Tocsin which did not “take positions” but only expedited “whatever projects its members wanted to undertake” (Gitlin 88). Gitlin remarks that while the group did not have a position on the “rights and wrongs” of military issues and Cold War, he considered its “agnosticism strangely appealing” (Gitlin 88). He found it “an ingenious way of catering to the prevailing style of tough-minded Harvard individualism” (Gitlin 88). Meeting the Red-Diaper Baby: Getting Acquainted with the New Lefts Another important even influencing both private and political life of the author was meeting his girlfriend, Madeleine, who was “a red-diaper baby” – the daughter of former Communists (Gitlin 67). By that time, Gitlin was disappointed in the political situation and was “ready to listen to lefter voices” (Gitlin 67). To the “more or less liberal” adolescent like Gitlin, the red-diaper babies often became the “first contacts with the forbidden world of wholesale political criticism” (Gitlin 67). Gitlin later realized that his experience of changing the views after communicating with a red-diaper baby was not unique. The majority of New Left activists were not the children from socialist or Communist families but those who w
The analysis conducted by Ya Kun’s HR department has created an atmosphere of friendliness and mutual help in the coffee chain. It is believed that HR specialists are responsible for regular control over corporate culture (Glaister et al., 2018). In other words, human resources specialists should analyze employees of the establishments for their efficiency and benefit to the company. In Ya Kun’s organization, the HR department prepared a document for the director in which it was described that hard work, determination, and honesty are shared among employees. Such data allow managers to make sure that their work is carried out correctly, and any changes should be aimed not at changing the vector of work processes, but at eliminating minor shortcomings. The key indicators that contribute to negative decision-making when hiring candidates include an applicant’s attitude towards future work. If at the interview stage, a human resources specialist feels that a recruit is not being honest enough or is lying in order to get a job, the recruitment may be refused (Tudosoiu et al., 2019). The candidate must demonstrate a high level of responsibility and willingness to work in a team. In addition, coffee chains are more likely to have an age-based selection, although this is hardly a mandatory criterion. When hiring new employees, the HR department of Ya Kun does not look at the previous experience in the food industry. It can be said with absolute certitude that the international chain of coffee shops is not so much interested in professionals as in real and sincere employees who can quickly train and be devoted to their work. Each recruit, regardless of the expected position, goes through two stages of the selection process, which includes interviews with employees of different statuses. The interview is the primary tool for selecting the best professionals (Tudosoiu et al., 2019). The job description does not specify what the interview involves: it can be communication with employees or a case study. The primary mission of HR is to determine the sincerity and honesty of the recruit and their attitude towards work shifts. In today’s world, equal opportunities play a crucial role in work processes. Every month it is possible to hear the news that in a well-known company, there is discrimination against employees for racial, gender, or religious reasons. In this regard, the analysis of equal opportunities at Ya Kun is of particular interest. Most employees of coffee shops are over thirty years old because HR is convinced that the older the employee, the more they can rely on them. In a certain sense, this is true, although, on the other hand, there is a denigration of younger job seekers. If a 20-year-old young person or girl tries to get a job in a coffee shop, they will have fewer chances than a more mature applicant. Of course, every organization has the right to create its own rules, but in such a case, Ya Kun should clearly outline its position on age unf
The environment is the most debatable topic of the 20th century. As we humans have used more resources than we should have, for technological advancements and in the name of luxury. We have reached heights of luxury and we have created machines that are incomparable but during the process, we have damaged the environment which is as essential for our living as our heartbeat. We are at a point where we can not close our eyes and avoid the situation as environmental effects are damaging our society so rapidly that if nothing is done to control the situation, we human beings as dinosaurs would become extinct. This is an issue which can not be blamed on anyone neither our politicians are responsible for it neither are the rich. Every one of us is responsible for the situation and hence it is our sole responsibility to take a step which would improve the condition. The question that arises is how are we affecting the environment? The answer is simple the increase in usage of technology and demand for luxury by every person has led the situation to such a critical point. An example of how this can be mass production, the increase in fashion sense, the changing trend, and the desire to be adopted by pop culture has led us to mass consumption. Our increasing demands for goods have led to an increase in factories which indirectly has resulted in pollution and we all know how damaging pollution is for the environment. There have been numerous changes in the environment amongst which global warming is an issue that needs extra attention. Global Warming Global warming in general means the heating up of the earth. Our planet is heating up, this warming is obvious by the climatic change every country is having Heat waves and periods of unusually warm weather during summers not only is it hot but summers are for a longer period than they ever were in the past. The average surface temperature has increased by about 0.6°C (1°F). Not only is the earth warming up but the sea is warming up at the same pace seal levels are rising, causing damaging coastal flooding. Many areas which were covered preciously covered with snow-top mountains are now observed to have snow-less peaks as glaciers are melting. An example of this can be taken from the artic and the Antarctic which used to be the coldest places in the world are also warming up. Thus there is an overall change in climate and the imbalance in climate is known as global warming. Global warming by few Scientists is often known as “climate change” the reason being is that according to the global warming is not the warming of earth it basically is the misbalance in climate. According to scientists if the earth’s average temperature rises due to global warming, winds and ocean currents move heat around the globe in ways that can cool some areas, warm others, thus changing the amount of rain and snow falling. Thus the result is that there are different climatic conditions in different regions. Reasons for Global Warming There have been many indications that show that global warming has taken place during the 20 th century. Natural reasons were always
Customer Acquisition A few years back, Emirates Airlines adopted the use of wireless Internet access on one of its new Airbus. The same services were expected to be rolled out by both Lufthansa of Germany and Scandinavian Airlines within almost the same time. However, before rolling out this service, the main communication tool that was available for use by passengers was the seat phones, which due to their expensive nature were not commonly used. Given these high prices with respect to the use of seat phones, there was great lobbying by the general Internet community for the use of Wi-Fi access since it could have benefited the retailers who were to use it as a tool of customer acquisition 1 . For a small café, the complete cost of providing a Wi-Fi access that is free was approximated to be about six Unite State dollars. Comparable to a billable hot spot, this was cheaper since the billable hot spot requires additional expenses such as provision of customer support and maintenance costs for Internet speed. Although the free model would not suit application in all places, it would eliminate the adoption problem that was present at that particular time. As far as air travel is concerned, the Middle East is presently the leading global region in growth of traffic. According to statistics, there was double-digit growth in passengers between 2004 and 2006. Presently 8% of global air traffic is represented by the region. The increase in number of passengers is similarly reflected n the rise in freight. In view of these statistics, it is not shocking to see thee civil aviation of the Emirates Airlines work at expanding their civil aviation infrastructure at a very rapid pace. The authority has recently undergone restructuring with the airports being managed by the new Dubai Civil Aviation Authority. Dubai is investing about $ 82 billion to transform the Emirates into one of the greatest global airlines. The plans for expanding the Emirates airlines are quite ambitious. In the year 2006, 20.6 million passengers passed through its gates and more than 237,000 aircraft transported at least 1.4 million freight. Comparatively, during the same time, Hartsfield, the world’s busiest airport had about 85 million passing through