ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
There are several reasons attached with many people who chose to work full time as well as study full time. In general for younger students, working part-time may provide a source of additional income and therefore a certain level of independence from their parents. Additionally they also get work experience which may add on to their future employment opportunities. On the other hand for people already in the workforce higher responsibilities, study and additional degree can be a way of acquiring new skills or upgrading them in order to remain competitive in the labor market. Participation in either study or work can be a full-time commitment in its own right. The combination of full-time work with full-time study immense pressure on an individual to keep a balance between the two activities and also the problem to meet family commitments, participate in leisure and other activities (Australian Bureau of Statistics n.pag, 2002). When an individual is working full-time and also studying, the pressure is hard to handle as a result they experience stress. Though in small doses, stress can be a good thing, as it can give the individual the push they need, motivating them to do their best and to stay focused and alert. Stress is what keeps one on the toes during a presentation at work or drives them to study for their exam when they would rather be watching television or playing games. But when the going gets too tough and life’s demands exceed their ability to cope, stress becomes a threat to both their physical and emotional well-being. And this often happens when an individual is doing studying as well as working full time. Stress is a psychological and physiological response to events that upset the personal balance in some way. When faced with a threat, whether to the physical safety or emotional equilibrium, the body’s defenses kick into high gear in a rapid, automatic process known as the “fight-or-flight” response. In general, it is a fact that the impact of this stress can be felt such as heart pounding, muscles tensing up, tiredness breathlessness, every sense on red alert. The following are some of the major health problems that are faced by people who work full time and study full time due to stress. Initially the body “fight-or-flight” stress response engages a range of biological changes that prepare us for emergency action. Under the stress conditions, a small part of the brain called the hypothalamus sets off a chemical alarm. As a result of this the sympathetic nervous system counters by releasing a huge amount of stress hormones, including adrenaline, norepinephrine, and cortisol. These stress hormones rush through the bloodstream, readying the individual to either flee the scene or battle it out. This kind of stress continuously faced by a person has several harmful impacts on the health (Joelle n.pag. 2007). In the modern world, most of the stress a person feel is in response to psychological rather than physical threats. What ever is the cause of stress, the human body stressed over a looming deadline, an argument with a friend, or a mountain of bills, the warning bells ring, or even studying and wor
The video podcast “Nursing Care at End of Life” emphasizes the complexity of the nursing profession. In their practice, nurses do not only conduct medical procedures but also interact with individuals with varying needs. Probably, one of the situations when a nurse should approach a patient and their family with caution, consideration, and utmost respect, is when a patient is dying. When assisting a dying patient in palliative or hospice care, a nurse assumes many roles. He or she assesses an individual’s physiological and psychological symptoms, transmits information to everyone involved, and acts as a mediator between family members. I am convinced that it is paramount to holistic nursing practice to fulfill all the assigned duties with regards to medical ethical principles. After watching the video, I came to thinking that palliative or hospice nursing care should primarily correspond to the principles of autonomy, beneficence, and nonmaleficence. Even in the last months or days of their life, a patient should retain their dignity and freedom of choice as to who is allowed to visit them, how the hospital space is arranged, and so on (Podcast Library, 2015). Furthermore, a nurse should help a patient practice their autonomy in determining how they would like to fulfill their spiritual needs at the end of life. Lastly, the principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence correspond to a nurse’s duty to relieve and prevent pain respectively. As a patient approaches the end of life, their bodily functions decline, and certain discomfort is unavoidable. However, together with a team of medical practitioners, a nurse may elaborate a treatment plan that would assuage painful sensations. Moreover, in the case of a terminal illness, modern medical advancements allow to act on the principle of nonmaleficence and help a patient avoid unnecessary suffering. Dying is a natural process which, unfortunately, often involves much pain and psychological distress in a patient as well as in the members of his or her family. Nevertheless, it is possible to respond to acute health issues through an adequate assessment of the symptoms and appropriate treatment. Ongoing support from a nurse as well as from friends and family members may also make a significant difference for a dying patient and improve their quality of life. Reference Podcast Library. (2015). Nursing care at end of life [Video file]. Web.
Introduction In an organizational setup, values play an important role in ensuring that the major objectives of the firm are achieved. Scholars define values as some of the qualities and features considered extremely important as far as enforcement of the organizational priorities is concerned. In this regard, many firms come up with statements that are based on values and are meant to define relationships between clients and organizational employees. This means that values are often employed when dealing with clients at various levels. The value statements that organizations draft play a role in the way customers are handled. Bill and Belinda Gates have established a strong value statement that contributes to the achievement of the academic goals of the country. One of the ways through which Bill and Belinda Gates have ensured the goals are achieved is by drafting a stable mission statement. The mission statement explains the major objective of the educational sector in the country (Spiro, 2011). In other words, it states what the organization wants to become in the future. Any mission statement should resonate with all stakeholders in the industry to ensure that it achieves its desired aims. This means that members should feel proud and excited about the statement. Bill and Belinda Gates organization has laid down the best strategy that will help it realize the mission statement. Through drafting the mission statement, the organization sees a great opportunity that will facilitate innovative reasoning among students. The mission statement claims that various stakeholders should aim at transforming the academic standards of the country since they are below par. Main Body The organization has set up two programs to ensure college students realize their potentials. Strengthening the relationship between the teacher and the student is one of the strategies that will facilitate the enhancement of quality education in the country (Ferrara, 2010). The mission statement is cost-effective in the sense that it does not entail too much paperwork (Boardman, 2006). Moreover, the outcome of the statement is expected to reap positive results owing to the fact that it focuses on teaching, innovation, an
Introduction Ajman Net internet café seeks to establish itself in the market by offering residents of Ajman access to the internet and other forms of entertainment. The firm seeks to create a positive image in the market to enable it to compete effectively with other firms offering similar services. The firm intends to offer its customers a memorable experience to encourage them to make return visits. High-quality customer service is one of the key elements of the firm’s business strategy. Mission The firm intends to provide high-quality internet and entertainment services to Ajman residents. It intends to open the largest chain of integrated cafés offering internet services and billiard games to clients within the next three years. Budget The amount of money required to start this business is about 100,000 Dhs, which will be used to finance different areas of operations. This initial capital will be used to acquire computers and other equipment needed to make the business operate. The firm will carry out an assessment of various opportunities in the market to establish its viability. Marketing Plan Pricing The firm will introduce an effective pricing method to ensure it offers customers high value for their money. The pricing format used will correspond to the quality of services offered to ensure customers appreciate them. Internet usage will be charged on –minute basis. The minimum amount of time billed for each internet browsing session in the café will be 30 minutes. Snacks, cold drinks, and hot beverages will be offered at an extra cost. The billiard section will bill each client for every single game he or she plays (Bradley 65). Distribution These services will be offered to clients in a single facility separated into three sections. Customers will be able to make orders for snacks and drinks while browsing the internet or playing billiard games. The spatial arrangement within the premises will make it easy for clients and employees to move around. The business will offer customers a relaxed and comfortable atmosphere to make them cherish their experience. The firm will acquire state of the art furniture to encourage customers to spend more time in the establishment. Promotion The firm intends to attract clients aged 15 to 40 because they spend a lot of time on the internet. The firm will choose appropriate marketing channels to help it create a positive impression on them. The main promotional approach will be word of mouth, together with fliers, to make potential clients aware of its services. The firm will also advertise its services through social media, to attract target customers. The firm intends to use direct marketing channels for marketing its products to potential clients. This will enable the firm to establish strong relationships with its clients to help it improve the value it offers to them. The firm will establish strong networks with its clients through the internet, to help it monitor different areas of its operations that affect the quality of its services (Bradley 68). Product Features The firm will offer an
Protestant Reformation The protestant reformation was a movement which involved reformations of Christianity which started in Europe. Among the individual reformers was Martin Luther who was the leader of the movement. The reformation was started because many people were not satisfied by the Catholic Church doctrines as it was regarded as corrupt in its dealings. Reformations required included a change in the language used in writing the bible since many people were unable to read Latin which was the only available version of the bible during that time. According to the reformists, the Catholic Church was not fair since its accessibility was only to the rich people while it excluded the poor. The main idea in protestant reformations was to bring equality in the church where everyone would have easy access to the church. One of the most important tenets of the protestant reformers was the belief in children baptism which they believed it was some kind of a sacrament. They believed that through baptism the original sin would be washed away in the newborns. Another main belief by the protestant reformers was that all individuals need to communicate to God directly and as a result, a proper education was required to facilitate the prayers. Christian parents were required to bring up their children in the best ways possible to nurture them both in their spiritual and physical growth in accordance to the teachings of the protestant faith to enable them to serve God appropriately. In return, the children en were required to respect their parents in every aspect of their lives (Wilde 1). Besides diving Europe into Catholic and protestant Christians, the reformations also affected the social lives of the Europeans. The reformed churches had new practices that were different from those of the Catholic Christians, and this resulted in major changes in the church. Certain ceremonies that demonstrated customary practices such as baptism and sacraments were abolished by the reformed churches, and this affected the lives of the people because the initial rituals used to shape the social lives of the Europeans. Despite the church being a religious place, it also had some political powers which facilitated alliances in politics. Certain protestant states emerged, and they used the properties they had grabbed from the other churches to gain authority over the protestant clergy (Wilde 1). The Thirty Year’s War and its significance The major cause of the thirty-year war which occurred in Europe was the opposition of Habsburgs by several international opposition members from Australia. However, part of the war resulted from the differences in religious beliefs especially between the Catholics and the Lutherans. Conflicts in the military equally resulted in the war with the Calvinism
Introduction The life of the Mongols was not easy. Many rules had to be followed and broken at the same time. Many promises were given, and many disappointments took place. There were many topics for discussion during that period. People wanted to believe in their power and the possibility to change the world. There was one theme to which not many Mongolian people paid much attention. The role of women in Mongolian society cannot be neglected or misunderstood. On the one hand, it was clear that the 1100s and the 1200s included the period of male power. The role of men was impressive indeed. They started wars, conquered the land, and spread their rulings around the whole world. “All the nations were at war with each other. Unable to lie beneath their blankets, they attacked each other every day” (Kahn 152). Not many female leaders were observed among the Old Mongols. It was the time when men ruled and became heroes. On the other hand, even such an impressive leader as Chinggis Khan could become a different man without several women in his life. One such woman was me, Borte, the first and the supreme wife of Chinggis Khan. The first meeting that changed human lives It is wrong to think about me as a woman whose main function was to give birth to nine children of the great Chinggis Khan. If I treated myself that way, I could hardly accept my life as it was and achieve all that power and opportunities. Our relations with Temujin, known to many people as Chinggis Khan, were defined when I was ten. I was introduced to him as a girl “whose face filled with light, whose eyes filled with fire” (Kahn 15). I was ten years old the first time I met with Temujin, who was one year older than me. I wanted to believe that such a difference in age could not influence his attitude toward me. However, I also wanted to believe that the fact made me strong and ready for any kind of challenge. The power of connection Together, we survived the period when I was kidnapped and raped by the Merkids. I was captured for eight long months. Though I was treated better than other women of the Merkids, I was able to observe how unfair and cruel the attitude of men to their women could be. They could hardly be compared with the relations I dreamed about when I was with Temujin. When I heard his voice in the dark
Socrates did not present his arguments in writing. His arguments were presented by his learners. These learners included Plato, Xenophon, Aristotle, and Aristophanes. Socrates did not value themselves as the perfect human beings. Plato provides relevant details concerning the philosophy and life of Socrates. Socrates thinking can be attributed to Cartesian doubt, a philosophy linked with the works of Descartes. Cartesian doubt is a form of reasoning that eliminates all uncertain things with the aim of deriving meaning. The life of Socrates is explained in the conversation between Plato and Xenophon and also in theater performances of Aristophanes. From Plato’s perspective, Socrates was the child of Sophroniscus and Phaenarete. Socrates was not considered to be handsome because of his height and ugly face. However, he married Xanthippe who was younger than him and later on they were blessed with three sons namely Lamprocles, Menexenus and Sophroniscus. Some sources such as Timon of Philius explain that Socrates was a mason whereas others argue he used to collect his revenue from his learners. Plato also argues that Socrates was a soldier in Athens. Additionally, Socrates is perceived to be the artist who designed the statue of the three graces in Acropolis; hence his source of income is confusing. Socrates was determined to analyze the people who were regarded by the residents of Athens city as the most updated fellows. He found them to be way behind to be accorded such a status in the society. Socratic Method is accredited to a popular Greek philosopher known as Socrates. It employs the use of questions and answers format. The persons involved in this dialogue have different opinions and therefore opt to ask each other queries that may enhance their critical thinking. The Cartesian doubt is relevant in this approach because, in critical thinking, all things that are in doubt can be disproved. Socrates encouraged the use of human reasoning, and it is this tough perspective that ignited people who were opposed to his opinion to have him eliminated. The people who killed him were threatened by his doctrines because they felt he could open the minds of the people of Athens and thereby end their dominance on decision making in Athens. Ph
Unfortunately, to many parents, having a baby with a birth defect sounds like a life sentence that they did not deserve. While there is a certain stigma attached to children born with such defects, they are far more common than one may think. Moreover, while the specific causes are not yet well understood, certain steps can be taken by soon-to-be parents to increase the chances of a healthy child. Birth defects are “structural changes” that can affect any body part of a newborn, impacting its appearance or functionality, or both (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention par. 3). The child’s health state and life depend not only on what body part is affected but also on how severely it is affected, as birth defects can range from mild to serious. Contrary to popular opinion, they are quite common. Globally, about six percent of all children (approximately eight million people) are born with some kind of a serious birth defect (Lobo and Zhaurova 1). In the United States, that is approximately 120,000 infants, or one in every thirty-three babies, affected each year (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention par. 2). Moreover, currently, birth defects account for about one-fifth of all newborn deaths, which makes them the leading cause of infant mortality in the United States (Marusinec par. 2). It is highly difficult to diagnose and prevent birth defects since their cause is not known in as many as half of all cases (Lobo and Zhaurova 1). Typically, they are divided into two main subgroups: genetic causes and prenatal factors (meaning those that occur during the pregnancy). The genetic causes result from chromosomal abnormalities or single-gene defects (Lobo and Zhaurova 1). Simply put, chromosomal abnormalities develop at the time of conception. They usually result in the death of the embryo or the baby soon after its birth. Otherwise, they cause the Down syndrome. Single-gene defects, on the other hand, are inherited from the baby’s parents, and it is typically easier to predict them. Interestingly, some defects are especially present in specific racial and ethnic groups. Yet even more frequently, birth defects are caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors (Marusinec par. 3). The majority of medical specialists assign special importance to the infants’ prenatal environment. Certain behaviors and factors are a likely predictor of a birth defect. For instance, excessive alcohol drinking by a pregnant woman is very likely to cause the fetal alcohol syndrome affecting the baby’s major organs, appearance, and mental development (Lobo and Zhaurova 1). The use of other harmful substances like drugs and cigarettes can also affect the infant’s development and worsen any pre-existing genetic conditions (Marusinec par. 6). Other common risk factors include certain untreated medical conditions, especially sexually transmitted diseases, use of heav
According to the unit, the American master narrative limits the American identity. Notably, it associates the identity with the majority, regarding the individuals who do not belong to the latter as second-rate categories. The unit classifies such people as minority groups and highlights that they frequently experience unequal attitudes. This fact makes it reasonable to refer to the majority and the minority as a dominant group and subordinate group , respectively. In particular, black Americans apparently are subordinate to white, as whiteness is associated with a higher social significance . Such an attitude derives from the negative stereotypes that prevent a considerable share of the population from complete integration into society. When prejudice reaches its peak, it evolves into racism , which then embeds all spheres of social life; in other words, it becomes institutional . Notably, in the video “Racial/ethnic prejudice & discrimination,” the expert describes how Americans consider people of color less smart and successful, hence inferior (CrashCourse, n.d.). This illustrates the different attitudes to the black and the white, due to which the former, in particular, may undergo discrimination in educational facilities, as the lecturers believe their intellectual potential to be lower. Furthermore, Bob Butler (n.d.) shares the video that was previously aired by Chicago television station WBBM, which regards a four-year-old black boy as a future criminal. This exemplifies how the media maintain the negative image of black people, hence proving racism in the USA to be institutional. The video “Demographic structure of society – race and ethnicity” provides illustrations as well, highlighting the noticeable race-based disparities in income, life expectancy, and even access to education and health care (Khan Academy, n.d.) This demonstrates that a classical American identity, notably that of an individual who has reached success, presupposes whiteness, as a black person has an incomparably lower chance to improve his or her social status.