ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract This research paper focuses on increased decline of ethics in the business world and some of the areas that should be addressed to improve the nature of business ethics in the contemporary world. The management of ethical standards has become more questionable nowadays, with corporate scandals forming the largest part of the consequences that have occurred following unethical behavior and practices in business. This paper, through an extensive overview of relevant works explores the matter from a wider perspective, offering suggestions on what needs to be done in ensuring that businesses adhere to existing ethical standards and guidelines. Introduction There is no doubt that, ethics have become a major issue in almost every sector of the contemporary world, including business. Today, businesses and the people in the business world don’t seem to be convinced about the significant benefits that are associated with ethical standards in business. In that case, it has become a norm for businesses to benefit themselves by doing what is in their own best interest at the expense of their customers and employees. A case whereby business corporations are focused in making profits in their everyday’s operations more that they are concerned about the welfare of their customers and clients is a clear manifestation of how ethics in the business world have declined over the years. As a matter of fact, ethics and their importance in business decision making have increasingly become a subject of concern nowadays, owing to the pressure of the parties that have continued to be affected by unethical behaviors observed in the business world nowadays. As a matter of fact, the world has never experienced as many cases of unethical corporate behaviors like today, whereby illegal practices such as fraudulent financial reporting, personal trading, and insider trading have become the norms in the business world. Greed and selfish has badly influenced business people, thus driving them to do bad business. In some cases, this unhealthy greed has been promoted by government and other organizations that may happen to have great influence on businesses. Continuation of these practices among other unethical approaches has constantly exposed businesses to serious consequences such as economic sanctions and serious legal actions. There is no doubt that, the welfare of consumers is greatly threatened nowadays, owing to the underlying fact that ethical concerns have become a thing of the past to many businesses. This study opens with a brief focus on ethics and ethical standards as they apply in the business world and how they are regarded by different people. To be able to p
Introduction The end of the cold war opened up the gateways for the transition of the world community’s system of international relations. It can be said that the divergence from the system of bipolar peace after World War II, did not stabilize the security on the regional level, specifically with the occurrence of the Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs). Before the events of 9/11, the countries were somewhat protected with different agreements and various sources of international laws from the attempts of using such weapons. Nevertheless, taking into consideration the current situation in the world, it can be seen that the development of WMDs is a real threat, the potential effect of which can and should be assessed. In that regard, this paper analyzes the potential of a WMD attack, in terms of its effect on the country, specifically in the field of economy. WMD The numerous publications in the international press on the threat of biological terrorism and the weapons of mass destruction distort the representation of the weapons, as well as the possibilities of the terrorists themselves. In that regard, some statements of authoritative figures in the world of politics and science might only add to such distortion, in terms of the scale and the level of the threat. Such is the statement of the former CIA director James Woolsey, who claimed back in 2000 that, “a B-plus high school chemistry student” could produce biological agents”, and also the statement of “Kathleen Bailey [who], after interviewing professors, graduate students, and pharmaceutical manufacturers, concluded that several biologists with only $10,000 worth of equipment could produce a significant quantity of the biological agent.” (Randall, 2002) Although biological weapons are only part of the weapons of mass destruction, a proper definition should be presented. “Weapons of mass destruction”, according to the security and foreign policy analyses, is a term that “generally encompasses nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons, with radiological weapons occasionally included.” (Fidler, 2003) Although there was no authoritative definition of the WMD, the classical representation was of intercontinental ballistic missiles, equipped with a nuclear warhead and capable of causing millions of deaths. The current, more “liberal definition”, includes battlefield artillery shells, mortars, short-range rockets, or other systems fitted with nuclear, chemical, biological, or radiological warheads. The key component that survived from the classical definition is for the weapons to have a strategic impact, which has “consequences far outweighing the size and effectiveness of the weapons themselves.” (Evans, 2004) In the context of the effect on the economy, considering the scale of the WMD threats, this effect can be divided based on several pillars, on which the economy is holding. Infrastructure According to Paul and John (2004), infrastructure
Gerry Green working at Terrondei Ltd. was reported to the manager of the Service Department as having removed things from the company’s premises. In spite of the possibility for the manager to focus on the disciplinary action, the case is complicated by the fact that Mr. Green declined to accept the responsibility for the misconduct because the practice of removing items from the organisation’s scrap bin was discussed as normal by the company’s employees, as it was mentioned by Mr. Green. Issues to Consider It was reported that Mr. Green had transgressed the company’s rules regarding the removal of the items from the premises. However, the removal of the things from the scrap bin was regarded as a normal practice for the other employees because of the ineffective enforcement of the rules in the past. The question is in the appropriateness and type of disciplinary action for Mr. Green. The Case from the Perspective of the Shop Steward The concept of justice that needs to be emphasised while discussing the case is associated with the ideas of fairness and equality in treating employees. It is important to admit the fact that the company has explicit rules regarding the case of the items’ removal from the premises. However, the procedures associated with these rules were not followed strictly in the past, and the rule was breached by many employees several times. As a result, certain custom and practice arrangements were formed regarding the use of the manufacturing scrap by the employees (Lewis, Thornhill, & Saunders, 2003, p. 24). These informal workplace rules can be discussed with references to the idea of the external attribution (Dundon & Rollinson, 2011, p. 84; Mathis, Jackson, & Valentine, 2013, p. 152). Thus, the behaviour of Mr. Green was influenced by the observed actions of the other employees that were not punished by the managers of the company. From this point, it is necessary to avoid the realisation of the disciplinary action in relation to Mr. Green because of breaching the principle of fairness (Mallin, 2006, p. 24). However, it is necessary to recommend further investigation of the issue in the company in order to influence the working environment in relation to the aspects of control and regulation. At this stage, it is possible to state that a just solution, in this case, is the focus on the provision of the warning for Mr. Green that is helpful to predict the determined misconduct in the future (Wilkinson, Donaghey, Dundon, & Freeman, 2014, p. 134). Furthermore, the possible strict disciplinary action regarding Mr. Green should be proposed according to the rehabilitation approach (Dundon & Rollinson, 2011). In spite of the fact that Mr. Green breached the company’s rules,
Introduction The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck won the Pulitzer and the Noble prize and is regarded as one of the classics of modern American literature. It related the story of the Joad sharecropping family, caught in the throes of The Great Depression. They are hit hard by the drought, financial hardship, and the changing agricultural industry. They move to California in search of jobs, land, and to lead a life of dignity. The novel speaks of the stark economic and social hardships the family faces. This paper answers some key questions about the theme and key characters in the novel. Consider this quote by Casy as Steinbeck uses him as his alter ego to voice the misery of the immigrants moving on Route 66 “Two hundred and fifty thousand people over the road. Fifty thousand old cars—wounded, steaming. Wrecks along the road, abandoned. Well, what happened to them? What happened to the folks in that car? Did they walk? Where are they? Where does the courage come from? Where does the terrible faith come from?” Federal migrant worker camp at Weedpatch  1. Weedpatch as a representation of the socialist ideal: Weedpatch, a representation of the socialist ideal, finds special mention in the novel. It seemed to the Joad family like an oasis in the desert. Westwood is a refugee camp run by the government, and there are no policemen to enforce brutal discipline. The farmers are able to make the rules, ensure that everything runs smoothly, and they also help the people to get jobs in the nearby farms. The place serves as an ideal worker’s paradise, run by the farmers and managed by them. The nearby townpeople resent this camp as they feel threatened by the presence of so many immigrant farmers. They incite the police to break up the camp and even try to create trouble on a dance night.  2. Joad family adjusting: The Joad family is new to this concept as they have come from a harsh life, where the depression had hunted them, and the police made their lives even worse. The family adjusted to the codes of conduct in the camp, and Tom even managed to find a job picking fruits at a local farm. It is to be noted that Pa did not get a job. The farmers encouraged the whole family to join as this allowed them to exploit them further.  3. How does the socialist concept actually work for the farmworkers at Weedpatch: The socialist concept initially worked very well at the camp, and everyone was happy to be a part of the camp. There was trouble with the women’s committee set up in the camp that looked after women’s affairs.  4. Why do the Joads ultimately leave Weedpatch: The camp initially helped the Joad family to gather themselves and live in peace for some time, without worrying about the hardships they had faced on the road, and there was no worry even from the police. Tom managed to find a job and was able to provide food for the family. But pretty soon, work around the camp dried out, and the family realized that they had to move to keep from starving to death as there was nothing left to eat.  5. Significance of Weedpatch: Weedpatch was the ironic utopia that the immigrants could hope for. They believed that they had found a sanctuary in the camp
Introduction This term was derived from the Portuguese word feitico towards the end of the nineteenth century. It meant being extremely obsessed. There is a level at which human beings go through fetishism. In fetishism, people develop some interest in certain body parts and objects. However, fetishistic arousal becomes psychological sexual disorder when it goes beyond a certain degree of interference with the normal sexual patterns and behavior. It becomes an issue of concern especially when the normal sexual arousal is not possible without using or applying fetishism. Victims of sexual fetishism experience overwhelming sexual attraction, desire and fantasy towards certain non-living objects of their choice. In most cases, personal effects are used as fetishistic objects. These may include clothing materials like pants and high-heeled shoes. In some instances, body parts that are not genitals are also used to satisfy sexual fantasies. This paper is an analysis of fetishism. An overview, types, modern theory, diagnosis and treatment of fetishism is discussed. Overview Fetishism can cause dramatic psychological trauma to the victims especially if it is not diagnosed and treated early. It can negatively influence or affect their key area in life and in particular matters to do with their sexual behavior characteristics. Most fetishes use clothing. There are those who prefer rubber or rubber materials. Shoes and other footwear then follow in this order while leather and materials that are soft and tender to touch are least preferred for use by fetishes (Michael, Mayou & Cowen 2001). It is a form of disorder whereby there are sexual urges that recur from time to time. In the process, a victim may be humiliated as well as the partner. Although any object may be used in fetishism, the main difference is that the object used has a strong connection with sexual arousal or satisfaction. Diagnosis cannot be carried out if the victim has not been subdued by these urges or is seriously traumatized by them. There are people who cannot do without fetishism for erotic arousal. They have to use these defined objects to gain sexual pleasure and enjoyment. To some, however, the use of a fetish object comes once in a while and they are not compelled to do so. They tend to use these objects during particular times when they are stressed or going through some form of difficulty. However, the person is able to have normal sex quite well during other times without the use or application of a fetish object. As noted earlier, a fetish is an object which is associated with sexual arousal and a person creates a very desire for it in order to satisfy himself or herself. A fetish is not a good memory but a complicated aspect of sexual urge. Fetishes involve body parts like genitals, buttocks and even breasts. A fetish individual takes a lot of time meditating about the object used in sexual gratification. Causes There should be a real explanation why an object is used to arouse sexual feelings in fetishism. Mixing at rand
Utilization of Agency and Community Resources During my field practice, I encountered several situations where the need for a referral to community service was observed. In one such case, our department was visiting a family where, according to the request by local community members, the child was unable to receive proper care. Before the visit, it was determined that one of the parents was abusing alcohol, which put the child at increased risk of neglect and physical abuse. Thus, I concluded on the need for a referral to a local community agency that would assess the child’s performance at school, identify possible developmental delays, and provide necessary assistance with the education process. Such referral consists of several steps. First, the apparent need for the referral is identified. Second, the need is verified using the available information to acquire direction for the inquiry and focus on a specific area of intervention. During the contact with the family in question, a referral form is filled in, which contains the essential information on the factors relevant for the community resource in question (in this case, the reports of the relatives on the child’s poor school performance as well as the pertinent issues in the family). Family members are informed of the factors responsible for a referral and the expected effects. The form is then passed to the agency where it is received by the screening team that determines the further course of actions. Finally, a communication channel is established for tracking the progress of the intervention and informing the stakeholders about the outcomes of the referral. Foster care service delivery is affected by several issues associated with diversity. For instance, same-sex adoption, which offers a wider array of children placement options, is still prone to social pressure due to misconceptions and stereotypes that remain visible in modern society. These misconceptions can also affect social workers and agency employees, whose personal beliefs may contradict the official values of the organization (Phoenix, 2016). Families formed by parents with different cultural backgrounds also present challenges to human services delivery since their children sometimes obtain a distinctive cultural profile that does not fit within known patterns and occasionally leads to a cultural loss (Phoenix, 2016). Finally, religious beliefs in a family can create barriers to service delivery if the behaviors and relationships determined by religious practice conflict with the necessary interventions suggested by social workers. I suggest the following framework for generating new referrals by the organization. First, a committee must be formed that would be responsible for the coordination of needs with the community. Next, the available data on the referrals and requests from the population must be assessed to identify the most frequently addressed areas. This would provide a clearer direction for further search. The committee will then locate the resources which align with the identifie
The implications of animals to humanity are numerous. This paper discusses why animals are significant to human beings. Firstly, it is agreeable that animals provide us with food although plants are likewise critical in this context. For example, it is from animals that people obtain milk, eggs, and different types of meat of varying protein contents. Nutritionally, these foods are beneficial to our health, growth, and development. Precisely, animals are mandated to feed the world. They provide people with various types of food. These foods possess varying nutrient contents needed by the body. This factor exhibits the reasons why animals matter to us in various contexts. It is from this provision that the entire arguments lie with precision and viability. Without animals, people could have nutritionally compromised their healthy living provisions. Various nutrients obtained from animal products are quite crucial. This indicates the importance of animals to our wellbeing and why we need them. Another argument indicating why animals are substantial to us is that some of them including bulls, buffalos, donkeys, and elephants among others have been tamed to execute exceptional jobs. In china and some parts of the world, elephants are used to haul huge logs and manoeuvre other distinctive duties. In such places, elephants are considerably important due to their purposes and other relevant provisions. Concurrently, donkeys are used worldwide to ferry heavy loads; hence, functioning as a means of transport in various circumstance. This is an important provision in this context. Additionally, buffalos and some bulls (including oxen) are used to plough gardens for food production. Their usability in farming is an important provision to various people in numerous societies. Precisely, animals work for us hence helpful in numerous contexts. Through these provisions, it is evident that animals serve different purposes to humans. Concurrently, animals provide us with companion whenever we are lonely. This is evident with respect to pets. Most people have domesticated pets for aesthetic and companion purposes. People play with dogs, cats, and other domesticated animals to eradicate boredom. Precisely, the importance of animals cannot be assumed with respect to pets and other animals of the same character. It is quite interesting and entertaining to see animals moving up and down within the house, surveying the home compound, and enjoying the company of human beings. People and pets experience the same feelings when associating with each other. It is crucial to enhance this relationship as much as possible to enhance its viability. The connection between animals and huma
Scenario Summary Mike is a lab technician working at the hospital, who has been running late for work several times in a row. His supervisor is displeased with him not being on time and warned him that if the trend continues, it could be considered grounds for termination. The job is very important for Mark, as he provides for his wife and a child. On this day, Mark went to work 20 minutes earlier but was stuck in a traffic jam. Because of it, he barely made it in time. At the entrance, he discovered a spill left by someone else. He has a choice to either guard the spill and risk being late again, or ignore the problem and show up in his office on time. Each of these choices has a plethora of consequences for Mike, for patients, and the hospital. Consequences of Failure to Report In the case study, should Mark decide not to safeguard and report the spill, the worst-case scenario occurs. A patient walking down the hall slips and falls, breaking her hip. As a result, the patient’s health is compromised, the hospital is being charged for damages, and Mike’s position is put in jeopardy after he confesses that he did see the spill but did not do anything to prevent the tragedy. Had he chosen not to confess his indirect role in the event, he would not have suffered any personal consequences aside from a hit to his sense of righteousness. Impact on Patient Safety The primary duty of a physician is to preserve the patient’s health and guard it against internal and external threats while they are at the hospital. Patient safety is considered one of the important pillars of nursing in every methodology and philosophy of medicine (McCutcheon & Stalter, 2017). Negligence, such as the one demonstrated by Mike, is a cardinal offense to these rules. As a result, patient safety was compromised, and the woman suffered a serious injury as a result. It could have been worse, too, as she could have hit her head during the fall, which could have resulted in brain damage or even death. The choice to ignore patient safety in the name of personal objectives was a selfish one, unbefitting a doctor, as it compromised the safety of patients and doctors throughout the entire facility. Risks of Litigation The risks of litigation in the situation described in the scenario where Mike fails to report the spill are obvious. Claiming litigation over falling and receiving injury due to a wet floor accident is based on three parameters, which are as follows (Balasubramanian, 2017):   * Establishing a duty of care