ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Holy Baptism The Bible teaches Christians about the importance of Holy Baptism. Matthew 3 explores the issue of baptism in details. The chapter encourages Christians to embrace this rite. John baptized Jesus Christ in order to show people the way. Christians should “be baptized in an attempt to see God’s kingdom” (Yancey, 2002, p. 49). This is the same “case when the heavens opened after John baptized Christ” (Welker, 2010, p. 9). The Holy Spirit also descended to bless Jesus Christ. Matthew 28: 19-20 explains how Jesus Christ commanded his disciples to baptize all men in the name of God. Jesus encouraged all people to obey their God. Jesus also explained how he would remain with his people forever. The Book of Romans 6: 1-10 is a powerful text that explores the importance of baptism. These verses give a comparison between Christ’s resurrection, burial, and death. The verses also explain why baptism remains a critical part of salvation. Colossians 2: 11-15 and 3: 1-17 gives useful verses about Baptism. The practice also makes Christians holy in Christ’s name. These verses also explain how Baptism becomes a guiding principle for all Christians. Holy Communion Another unique aspect of Christian worship is the Lord’s Supper. Several passages and verses in the Holy Bible support the practice. Matthew 26: 17-30 explains how “Jesus and his disciples celebrated the Passover on the first day of the Festival of Unleavened Bread” (Welker, 2010, p. 11). Jesus encouraged his followers to embrace the practice. The supper symbolized Christ’s body and blood. Luke 24: 13-35 explains how Jesus revealed himself to his disciples after resurrection. Christ appeared to his disciples and took the bread. He blessed and distributed it to his disciples. He repeated the same act that characterized the Last Supper. The early believers viewed the Lord’s Supper as the best way to come closer to their creator. They wanted to worship God and repent (Corinthians 10: 14 and 11: 1). The practice became the Holy Communion. The book of Corinthians 11: 17-34 identifies some of the problems and misuses associated with the Lord’s Supper. Some people “failed to wait for one another during the Holy Communion” (Welker, 2010, p. 19). Some people also despised God’s Church. Some individuals humiliated their neighbors since they nothing to eat. Some individuals decided to celebrate without honoring Christ’s body. Acts 2: 42-47 explains how every Christian called the Last Supper “the Fellowship of Believers” (Yancey, 2002, p. 62). The Lord’s Supper was a moment of remembrance. It encouraged believers to embrace new practices. It was the time to support the poor in the community. The Last Supper was a uniting factor that encouraged more people to enjoy God’s favor. Why God Connects His Word of Grace with Water, Wine, and Bread Christians equate water,
Balance Sheet What components of stockholders’ equity do each of the companies disclose? Danish Crown’s disclosures contributed capital, other reserves and retained earnings in its equity section. While Panera Bread discloses common stock, treasury stock and preferred stock in its equity. Do the companies have preferred stock shares outstanding? If so, what special features do these shares contain? Only Panera Bread has preferred stock outstanding. The main feature of preferred shares is that they have fixed dividends. Whether the company suffers losses, it has the obligation to pay them. Do either of the companies report treasury shares? If so, do the companies disclose the reason for reacquiring the shares? Panera Bread has reported its treasury shares in the annual report and all the reasons for reacquiring the shares turn out to be under authorized share repurchase authorizations. Income Statement What are the basic and diluted earnings per share for each company? The basic EPS for Panera Bread is $5.94 and the diluted EPS is $5.89. Have the companies reported any discontinued operations? Both companies have failed to do so. Do the companies disclose any stock compensation plans? If so, are they reporting such plans under the fair value or intrinsic value methods? What was the value of compensation expense measured for any outstanding stock option plans? Stock compensation plan of Panera Bread was disclosed. The company reports its plan under the intrinsic value method. The compensation expense was measured to be $395,072.6 ($68.90 x 5734). Financial Ratio Analysis Gross Profit Margin The gross profit ratio is the key financial indicator to assess a company’s profitability from its core activities. It
A learner’s giftedness entails the unusual abilities to recognize, learn, and use facts in varying fields of knowledge. Gifted learners take a short time to understand, apply, and remember knowledge as compared to other learners of their level. Many education programs mismatch these learners’ developmental abilities. Hence, individual educational plans help these learners meet their learning demands. Teachers can make instructional interventions on these learners without any formal plans. This is because teachers usually have direct contact with learners hence, they understand better individual learner needs (Hurwitz and Lacalamita, 2006, pp.2-7). Mathematics Instructors must consider gifted learners’ strengths and needs before designing any educational program for them. Modes of instruction for these learners vary. In most education centers, instructors offer withdrawal assistance to these learners or design instructional material and methods, which learners use in special classes. This helps to identify and use correct instructional and evaluation methods that ensure learners’ mathematical abilities are developed. In addition, instructors should give special attention to gifted learners with other special conditions for example learning disabilities, hearing problems, and anxiety disorders (Hurwitz and Lacalamita, 2006, p.8). Mathematically gifted learners usually have unique needs. To maximize their potential, schools should give them pre-assessment tests to determine their abilities. The tests help teachers to determine students’ knowledge of certain mathematical concepts; hence, helping instructors to avoid repetition of concepts (because these learners are easily bored). In addition to pre-assessments, this learners should be given tests that depend on their varying capabilities in mathematics (Johnson, 2000, pp.4-6) Textbooks enhance content mastery; hence, for this class of learners, teachers should select textbooks that offer more enrichment to knowledge learned. Problems that these learners solve must be challenging and should ensure mathematical concepts learned are correctly applied. In teaching these learners, teachers should use inquiry-based approaches in content delivery. The instructors must make these learners participate actively during teaching, through the application of challenging questions in responding to mathematical problems encountered. In addition, instructors should allow learners to use mathematical objects and tools during learning such as pattern blocks, calculators, and Cuisenaire rods. The use of Computer programs also gives gifted learners opportunities to develop advanced problem-solving skills, hence their potentials are stretched beyond the normal classroom experiences (National Mathematics advisory board, 2008, pp.40-53). Some topics in mathematics for example computer science, statistics, and calculus require learners to logically analyze data
Summary This article dwells upon major competencies clinical nurses should have and particular curricular expectations these specialists may have. The article starts with a brief account of the concept of the clinical nurse leader (CNL) and educational options for CNLs. It is noteworthy that the authors provide a comprehensive list of major features of the effective clinical nurse leader and “fundamental aspects” of CNL practice which are presented in a very accessible form ( Competencies and curricular expectations , 2013, p.4). The article also includes details on the competency development process. It is noted that 150 individuals (representative of CNL education including deans, program directors, and faculty) received invitations to participate in the process which led to the creation of a thorough list of competencies. It is also noted that the CNL curriculum contains three major components: graduate nursing core, direct care core, functional area content ( Competencies and curricular expectations , 2013). The graduate nursing core concentrates on foundational content which is mandatory for all students, the direct care core focuses on particular services provided and functional area content dwells upon learning experiences identified by certification bodies as well as professional nursing organizations. The document in question also includes a brief account of the structure of the CNL curriculum. Thus, effective clinical nursing leaders are expected to complete a master’s degree as well as participate in the post-master’s CNL program. Finally, the CNL will have a specific time of clinical practice. The paper also includes certain details on certification and major benefits of the academic practice partnership are outlined. The authors also dwell upon the role the clinical nurse leader has to play in the academic-practice partnership. Evaluation The article is a detailed description of the CNL program and its aims. The authors provide major points of the program focusing on curricular peculiarities. It is noteworthy that developers of the program are experienced practitioners and educators who have the necessary knowledge to train novice CNLs. The article includes a very detailed list of expected outcomes of the CNL training and it is quite easy to predict the effectiveness of the program. Admittedly, an efficient curriculum is essential for the training of CNLs. King and Gerard (2012) stress the importance of a comprehensive curriculum for an effective CNL program. Importantly, the program is not confined to master’s or post-master’s degrees. Clinical nurse leaders are supposed to continue training in a variety of ways (through courses, research, sharing experiences, and so on). Harris and Roussel (2010) note that the development of the CNL is continuous and can never be stopped. The document also includes information on the importance of academic-practice partne
The reimbursement system is a powerful and effective tool, but sometimes it faces challenges and limitations. Some of these challenges include health care fraud schemes such as churning, up-coding and unbundling. Churning can be described as a practice through which a health service provider decides to see a patient more often than it is medically necessary. This is usually done with an aim to increase the revenue through numerous services to be offered during this period. This practice is also applied to any performance-based reimbursement system where productivity is heavily emphasized. A health service provider is rewarded according to the number of patients seen through the fee-for-service or an appraisal system that pays bonus according to productivity (Kongstvedt 125). Up-coding can be described as a coding inconsistency through which a more complex code for diagnosis is used rather than the actual diagnosis. This normally results in higher reimbursement to the health service provider. In contrast, unbundling can be described as a coding inconsistency where a provider divides a procedure into parts and charge these parts individually rather than using a single code. Consequently, a provider bills a package of health care procedures on an individual basis rather than using a single procedure to describe the combined service (Kongstvedt 126). Health care fraud and abuse is a big burden to the nation and threat to the quality of the health care. Therefore, there is a great need to empower public through education so that they can easily identify potential health care fraud schemes and report them to the authority for a legal action to be taken. Exa
Net Present Value (NPV) reflects the amount of cash an investor or funder expects to receive from a project after inflows are recouped through all sorts of costs. This figure can be understood as the investor’s total profit generated once the payback begins. NPV gives a clear indication of whether a project is worth investing in based on likely costs and potential risk. NVP has many more advantages over other investment criteria. The rules that apply to NVP include common sense and the reasonableness of the investment and take into account return criteria. Since the calculation of NVP involves a time horizon, it is already profitable over static measures. Accordingly, the first advantage of NVP is its connection to the idea of an expected value, which will be less than at the time of investment. Unlike the payback period, NVP recognizes that the value of a currency is temporary and subject to change, so it lays this metric into the calculation of discount rates. Assumptions about the cost of capital allow the NVP to be calculated and suggest a strategy for profitable ways to implement the project. Consequently, the second advantage of this criterion is flexibility and additivity, that is, understanding the benefits of all available projects or one specific one. A third advantage may be that the calculation of NVP considers the size of the investment. This means that NVP is a unidimensional criterion that allows us to estimate the degree of probability of wealth creation based on the number of cash flows. Thus, NVP has several advantages over other investment criteria based on its application. First, NVP considers the present value of money, which gives a clear picture of cash transactions. Second, it is flexible and additive, meaning it evaluates the cost of capital and the appropriateness of the investment. Third, NVP is a one-dimensional indicator that considers all, even space investments.
The metaphor which describes diversity best is the most recent one, “kaleidoscope.” While its superiority over the “melting pot” is obvious enough, the difference from “salad bowl” requires some explanation. The earliest and most recognizable metaphor, the “melting pot,” has received so much criticism it is unlikely to be used nowadays with a positive connotation. The main point of criticism to it is the emphasis on assimilation which is depicted through melting – itself a very powerful image. Aside from the presupposition that it strips the individuals of identity, it implies a certain level of power which the newcomers cannot overcome, giving it the authoritarian feel. However, it certainly gets one thing right which the next contestant misses. The “salad bowl,” introduced in the seventies (Schaefer 12), attempted to emphasize the individuality instead of transformation. It certainly is true that contemporary American society is more favorable to pluralism, making it possible for the citizens to retain their personality and at the same time take part in the creation of the unique society (the salad, in this case). However, the salad metaphor omits one important detail, the one which probably was the reason behind the “melting pot” one: the society inevitably changes its members. No matter how much the current community embraces diversity, it eventually alters everyone, or, to be more precise, the presence of the people around you does. Like the light that passes through the colored glass shards in the kaleidoscope change the color of each next piece, and once the pieces shuffle, the process repeats, producing each time a new environment. Besides, while the pot analogy is irreversible, possessing a vibe of doom, the process inside the kaleidoscope is fluent, ever-moving, and does no permanent change to the shards. Of course, the amusing and joyous nature of the toy also contributes to the pleasant impression. The category of race has a long history of presence in human culture. As recently as half a century ago, American society was influenced by the notion of the race on a major scale, with many traces of it still visible today (Bonilla-Silva xiv). The race was predominantly determined by the biological characteristics, most famously the skin color. Interestingly, it is currently a scientifically established fact that biologically speaking, race does not exist. The notion has been exhaustively studied by experts in genetics, anthropology, and psychology, and all of the data has added up to a conclusive statement: there are no distinctive differences shared by any group of people that can be interpreted as the racial characteristics (Mountain and Risch 48). Paradoxically, race remains relevant as a biological construct in some fields. The lack of distinctive characteristics does not mean that all people are the same, and some of the differences can be extrapolated from the “racial features.” The field of healthcare notably takes advantage of it by disaggregating health records to produce a more comprehensive dat
The role of the healthcare worker has been significantly enhanced, given the critical events occurring throughout the past year. More specifically, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic emphasized the importance of the developed and well-organized healthcare system on a global level. However, while the worldwide media outlets have explicitly been recognizing the contribution of physicians and nurse practitioners in addressing the key challenges of the pandemic, the role of pharmacists was rarely noted. In my opinion, pharmacists are at the forefront of the global healthcare situation as they provide essential medical services throughout the spread of the disease. For this reason, I chose the pharmacy field since I am highly fascinated by its critical ability to transform the life of society and considerably impact public health. I grew up in a big family of seven children, and I am the oldest daughter. I was also the first child to finish college, which motivated me to continue my education and expand my professional background. When raised in a large family, you are determined to succeed from the early years of childhood. You should also be a constant support to your siblings and parents, given the number of related responsibilities. Therefore, I sought to enter the medical world because I am strongly desired to face all the underlying challenges and responsibilities integral to each health professional. After obtaining a Bachelor’s degree in Cellular Biology, I am now willing to continue my medical practice in pharmacy school. Cell biology is considered an inherent discipline in a variety of medical fields of study, including pharmacolog
National Culture of France The France national culture dimensions of individualism or collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity or femininity, and power distance, influence the predominant leadership style in the country. According to Hofstede 2001, France has a higher power distance, meaning that they highly accept inequality within society (Essounga, 2009). In France, certain individuals are given privileges that give them supremacy over others. For example, parliamentarians are given parliamentary immunity that shields them from prosecution during the execution of their duties. France has a higher uncertainty avoidance with a score of 86 according to Hofstede, 2001 (Essounga, 2009). This means that individuals in the country undertake activities whose outcome they are sure about. An example is the fashion industry that has been popular in France since industrialization and has continued to be embraced by many generations. This has produced several re-known fashion icons such as Chanel, Yves Saint Laurent, Dior, Givenchy, and Lacroix among others (Essounga, 2009). In France, collectivism is predominant since people uphold their cultural beliefs, language, and religion, which gives them a national identity (Kwasi, 2011 ). France is perceived to have a feminine culture, as individuals do not define their wealth with what they own, but by believing in themselves (Essounga, 2009). The country puts more emphasis on feminine attributes such as pursuing harmony and improving the quality of life for its citizens. This is manifested in the success of its universal health plan, which is financed by the government, making healthcare affordable to all citizens. This is unlike in the masculine culture of America, where there is strong opposition against the universal health care plan since it is perceived as interfering with the country’s capitalistic ideologies. Leadership Style in France Charismatic leadership, where people envision leaders making sacrifices to accomplish the laid down vision, is more predominant in France. The French resist change, so they need a charismatic leader who they will obey freely without any coercion. Charismatic leadership is suitable for the French culture since it embodies a vision with values and concepts that followers can relate to. In conclusion, if a company wants to succeed in France and have its decisions accepted by employees, it should consider using the charismatic leadership style (Essounga, 2009).
Introduction The day-to-day economic world is driven by different policies as adopted by different countries based on different schools of thought. The paper investigates the organisational purposes of a business, the nature of national environment in which the business operates, the behaviour of organisations in their market environment, and the significance of global factors that shape the national business environment. Worth noting is that the prevailing political leadership that subscribes to certain ideologies usually informs an individual country’s choice of an economic system, which in turn dictates the economic system to be used. An example of an economic system is capitalism. How Economic Systems Allocate Resources Effectively Capitalism can be described as the free market economy, which advocates for the determination of market prices through supply and demand of goods and services. Under capitalism, the state allows businesses to buy and sell their goods and services without the state interfering in the pricing of the same. Under the capitalism system, the production of goods and services is largely privately owned. The role of the state is to provide an economic environment that will ensure the citizens of the state are protected within the economic system (Cohen 15). In fact, although capitalism is free from state interference, it still has to work under certain laws as provided by the state to guide it. This therefore gives the present day capitalism the definition of a mixed economy because it is not perfectly capitalist. An example of a planned economic system is socialism. Under this economic system, the central government or any agency of the central government determines the production of goods and services. Cohen states that under this system, the government centrally plans and controls the economy together with the flow of goods and services in the market (12). The government determines and enforces the prices of goods and services. The slight advantage that the system has is in the almost equal distribution of wealth and income. Impacts of the Fiscal and Monetary Policy on Business Organisations The fiscal policy is the official government outline that spells the steps that it will take in its effort to manipulate the budget deficit or surplus as a way of achieving its economic goals. The fiscal policy is usually a budget statement outlining tax measures taken by the government, the borrowing, and lending that the government will do as it works towards meeting its budgetary obligations (Langdana 6). The fiscal policy affects the prices of goods and services by either increasing their taxation or reducing it, therefore making the cost of goods go up or come down. The government uses the fiscal policy as a tool for controlling inflation. According to Langdana, the fiscal policy employs two instruments when working; thes