ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The military as a profession has been a major subject of discussion in many states due to its complexity and its mandate to the people. The world has evolved from simple forms of military technologies to complex forms of military technologies. There are various forms of lethal and dangerous military technologies in the world today. The military as a profession of arms Every state has its own meaning of the profession of arms in relation to its past military cultures and traditions. The United States for instance describes it as, ‘ A preeminent military task that embeds soldiers’ preparation to combat including preparing to kill or preparing to die as the most basic principles of the force.’ A profession usually requires a lot of skills and knowledge. America embraces professionalism in its approach to military science since it has set out the basic principles of the army in relation to its work and expertise. The main clients of the American military are the citizens of America. The military profession is perceived to be a calling rather than an occupation. The profession involves the use of lethal weapons and an undefined force for the maintenance and defense of the laws and the rights of the American people. The soldiers are supposed to shoulder the heavy burden of their sole clients. The criteria used to determine the profession of arms One of the criteria considered is expertise. This entails vast expert knowledge and the manifestation of unique skills in the various army units a
Introduction The well-organised complex structures and biogenic materials of nature have fascinated material scientists for a considerably long time in history. The scientist’s effort to correlate technology and biology has led to the growth of a scientific field called biomimetics (Raj 2005, p.657). Over the years, nature has perfected its concepts hence material scientists and engineers attempt to comprehend these ideas to solve some of their daily problems. To this moment, the concept of mimicking nature is still considered unexploited by many. However, with the current technological advancements, researchers have embarked on numerous studies in nature relevant to material science (Raj 2005, p.660). Such studies have led to the development of intelligent materials among which are composites, artificial cellulose, and ceramics. By analysing the natural ceramics found in seashells, scientists have been able to develop biomimetic ceramics improving their strength and toughness (Raj 2005, p.657). The key structural feature(s) of the biological organism mimicked Manmade Ceramic materials can withstand high temperature and resistance although they fracture easily. To improve on these flaws, scientists have spent a considerable amount of time attempting to mimic the mollusc shell consisting of natural ceramic composites (Bourzac 2011, p.1). Mollusc shell consists of 95 percent of CaCO 3 and the proteins film acting as the binders. Mollusc shell comprises of three segments nacreous, periostracum and prismatic layers. The prismatic and nacreous layers occupy the greatest part of the shell hence determining the shell’s shape and mechanical properties. Scientist has noted that when the abalones shells are magnified 300, 000 times with an electron microscope, the abalones shells resemble brick walls revealing the protein “mortar.” Unlike manmade ceramics, seashells calcium carbonate are strongly bounded by the protein layer making them tough enough to withstand enormous fracturing forces. The laminated layers of the shell consist of particles of several sizes and shapes building up a unit shell (Reis 2004, p. 89). The arrangement of the aragonites is such that they appear parallel, crossed, and inclined. These arrangements provide the shells with their excellent toughness and strength (Peng et al. 2011, p. 2011). The mechanism of how the biomimetic concept improves the fracture-resistance of the material Due to their unique microstructure and strength, scientists have been motivated to design and construct similar ceramic composites. By incorporating the shell properties and features into manmade ceramics, scientists were able to come up with harder, stronger, and more superior mechanical ceramic materials (Peng et al. 2011, p.2012). Similarly, the materials obtained from this synthesis withstand higher temperatures than the ordinary manmade ceramics. Through advanced ceramic manufacturing, scientists can improve the damage tolerance of manmade ceramics by mimicking the seashells architecture (Peng et al. 2011, p.2012). It is possible for material engineers to produce and enhance the mechanical properties of their structures by emu
Driving under the influence (DUI) is known to be one of the most threatening tendencies in the world of nowadays. Unfortunately, this happening is not rare on the contemporary roads. Driving under the influence has gradually become one of the most common death and injury causes across the world. Millions of Americans are arrested for drunken driving every year. Alcohol-related car accidents annually lead to damages that approximately cost over forty five billion dollars. According to the calculations based on the statistical data collected from all around the world, people are killed and injured in car crashes related to alcohol every thirty seconds. Within the period of time between 2000 and 2005 at least one hundred and three thousand people were killed in such car accidents only in the United States of America. This statistics often counts the accidents that were caused both by drunken drivers and drunken pedestrians. Generally, driving under the influence of alcohol increases the risk of getting into a car accident significantly. The modern law system keeps working on new policies and regulations designed to reduce the number of drunken drivers in the streets of the United States and minimize the risk of injuries in alcohol-related car accidents. Of course, not all of such policies prove to be effective. One of the most common policies provided in order to decrease the risk of drunken driving among the population of the US is harsh penalties. This regulation is known to be ineffective, because the drivers are aware that the statistical risk of being caught driving under the influence is very low. Out of one thousand of drunken drivers only two or three will be arrested (Scott, Sharpee 2013). The positive side of harsh penalties is that they can be used as a reason to get the arrested drivers into rehab or treatment, make them parts of monitoring programs or encourage them to set an ignition interlock into their vehicles. Sobriety checkpoints are another contradictory policy, because it does not work effectively under some circumstances and detects very few drunken drivers (DUI Checkpoints Called Ineffective 2004). The measure that has proved to be very effective is police stops. The bigger the number of such stops, the more effective the policy is. Another very efficient policy is confiscating the vehicles or licenses from the drivers that were caught drunk. Developing new programs and rules the American law system and policy creators have to see the issues from variou
The elements of a contract which includes the intent of the offeror and the acceptance of the offeree A contract is a form of arrangement between two parties as a result of establishing a juridical constraint to do or to abstain from doing a certain deed. The primary target of the contract is to enact the arrangement where the entities are forced to compose and settle their obligations in consonance with that arrangement. The judicial system has to administer a credible and compelling contract as it is set, except the cases where there are restrictions that prohibit its imposition. In cases, where the contract has an impact on a general community, the limits of this contract are defined and inhibited by the statutes. The terms of the coverage contract that protects a common bearer are established by the statute to defend the public by the means of assuring the monetary assets accessible in cases of calamities. The judicial systems are not obliged to devise a contract for the entities. In cases where the entities have no explicit or implicit arrangement on the fundamental terms of the contract, no arrangement will be established. The judicial system has the power to implement the contract for the entities; it cannot be the author of the contract. To recognize the contract as legitimate, it has to be compelling. The capacity of the judicial system lies in the enforcement of the arrangements in cases when they already created. “It is the policy of the law to encourage the formation of contracts between competent parties for lawful objectives. As a general rule, contracts by competent persons, equitably made, are valid and enforceable. Parties to a contract are bound by the terms to which they have agreed, usually, even if the contract appears to be improvident or a bad bargain, as long as it did not result from Fraud, Duress, or Undue Influence” (“Contracts” par. 5). There are four fundamental elements of the contract: offer, acceptance, an objective of contractual results, and discussion. Without these elements, the arrangement will not be considered a contract. If the
Introduction Video games are on the rise amongst today’s youths. Their influence on the youth is a challenge to both parents and some education experts, although scientists and psychologists support the games. The merits of video gaming to youths overrule the demerits. With gaming, kids grow up as smart and sharp individuals having developed minds that they require for their future endeavors. As this paper reveals, researchers and child experts have come up with both positive and negative effects of gaming. Positive Effects of Video Games Playing video games for a child increases the coordination between his or her hands and the brain. This useful skill is never taught in school (Bissell, 2010). Eye-hand coordination, speed, planning, and multitasking, which are acquired from action video games, are an advantage to the child in the class. In career development, kids who apply such skills have an added advantage since they coordinate their work. Architectures and fighter pilots use gaming skills to perfect their class abilities. Some video games require accuracy, which is useful to the child who plays the games. Instructions associated with a certain video game help one to develop better reading and mathematical skills since winning entails resource management. With video gaming, learning becomes more fun amongst kids since they do not encounter difficulties in class work. Furthermore, one acquires diligence, time management, and concentration skills. One is also in a better position to deal with challenging issues. He or she can cooperate in a teamwork activity when the played games involve multiple players. Since all video games include the use of computers and technology, kids are in a position to embrace the new high-tech. This opportunity opens them to the sophisticated hi-tech world, thus making them comfortable when presented with any computing challenge. Games that attract kids and adults are a bonding activity when played by parents and their children. A kid’s creativity and self-esteem improve following continued playing of video games. Since youths learn to handle challenges, they are not afraid of making mistakes in front of their peers and elders. Video games are crucial when it comes to curbing aggression, frustration, and stress in a kid. Playing a game helps one to release accumulated tension. Hence, video games are a safer choice for kids other than choosing drugs, stealing, or prostitution. Negative Effects of Video Games According to Haugen (2008), violent video games have a bad influence on kids who play them. The kids change their behaviors. They tend to react fast to any slight annoyance from their peers. Majority of people who enjoy violent video games tend to be more emotional. The situation can even land them in juvenile courts. The figure below shows the relationship between video gaming and violence. Source: Fig. 1. Violence and video gaming (Chasing the Dream, 2005). Kids who spend most of their time in video games tend to be antisocial. They appear isolated.
I would like to make this fall the most remarkable in my life. I want everyone around looks at me with an admiration. In order to get highly extraordinary look I have chosen Blumarine Fall 2010 collection. This collection absolutely satisfied me with the perfect match of collection and make up look. This image can fire up any woman to become a real jungle-bold priestess. The autumn 2010 collection for Blumarine is the real rock-chic event. The strong, and at the same time very exquisite image is created by means of black and beige tones. In addition, the models are wearing such masculine elements as suede, blouses with big shoulders, and biker jackets. This glamorous image features fringing, which exposes a desire of seduction. For applying heavy dark brown and black smoky eye make up, I would not put any make up on the eyebrows, or use any bright lip color. It is because this kind of eye make up is very strong, and I want people to focus only on the eyes. In case if I apply the other instruments, like blush or lip color, the makeup would be irrelevant and too bright. This collection helps me to make the right and desirable choice. Moreover, the collection with the various kinds of emphasizing elements is revealed to full effect. It can be claimed with confidence that this runway is one of fresh off the oven collections for women, who are looking for gorgeous clothes and are eager to change their image in some way. The history of Blumarine production proves its authority on the reasonable grounds. “Blumarine” Now is the world famous name of this fashion house is Blufin S.p.A. They started the first brand in 1977 which was called Blumarine. Anna Molinari`s mother was the first supporter in begining fashion business, which was setted up as a brand Blumarine. In 1980 the Blumarine brand started to become extremely successful, and the first step to popularity, traditionally to all the great brands, was made in Milan. In 1981, Blumarine brand was presented to the international audience. In 1986, a collection which was designed by Anna Molinari was introduced at Milano Collezioni, and it is made a good step forward for the further development of the brand. The most distinquishing thing of Blumarine collection was leopard colors, flowing silk, ribbons, close-fitting jackets and coats, ribbons. So to say, all the things that considered to be fashionable elements for the women at that time. From that time on the fully-fledged development of the brand began. Clothing Blumarine was not for shy or hesitating women (Givhan, 17). It was for sure the brand that can make you a star in a minute. In 1987, the new girls-coll
Summary of the Movie Lifted The movie Lifted by Lexi Alexander is a description of a boy’s dream and the support which parents may give for making this dream come true. The movie is about a boy, Henry, who has a gift of singing and who gets an opportunity to participate in the competition for the prize to be recorded professionally. Going to the competition alone as his grandfather does not approve this music and the mother is too drunk to realize what happens, a boy receives the support of his father who has returned from the war in Afghanistan. Right before entering the scene a boy is told that his father was killed three months ago and he realizes that he has always been supported by a ghost. This news does not allow a boy to sing at the scene, but the letter from his father makes him do it, and he wins. The Importance of Camera Angles There are several moments when the camera angle and focusing on the melted object is important. The scene when William comes home is supported with exactly this shooting technique. The camera is directed in such a way that we do not see who is coming, then we see just the lines of an object, and then we see who is coming when the camera is focused on him. Only having watched the movie up to the end, it is possible to understand the symbolic meaning of such a technique. The father is just a ghost who cannot be focused as a human being. This moment is important as it gives the sign that something is wrong and we are to look at the situation from another side. The angles of the camera are also important as in most cases the camera is placed in such a way that a father is not in the center of the picture but stays aside. This is also the reason to think about the nature of this person. He is put aside to help us understand that even dead our relatives always stay behind. Camera angles and other techniques, such as focusing and melting are really important in the movie which helps us realize the meaning. The Biggest Secret in the Film The biggest secret in the movie is the death of William, a boy’s father. We get to know about it when Henry’s mother and grandfather come to the competition and say that the boy cannot take part in the contest without parents. This moment is central in the movie as it makes the audience realize many aspects. This is the tenderest moment. Having realized that his father is dead the boy refuses to sing, but it does not mean that his father has left him alone. The moment when the boy gets to know about his father’s death shows the main idea of the movie. Those people who leave us unexpectedly, those people who love us most of all but their death has prevented them from being with us physically will always support us no matter where we are. The presence of the dead members of our family and those who we need most of all will always be felt, no matter where we go. This is what the movie is about.
Introduction The most outstanding aspect about both Chinese customary religion and Korean Shamanism is their eclecticism; both faiths have absorbed several elements from other religions and have also contributed in the same manner to these faiths. However, while Shamanism is regarded as more of a form of medicine than religion, Chinese customary religion is deeply superstitious. Korean Shamanism Korean Shamanism is a religious faith practiced in Korea. It is highly polytheistic and adherents also believe in the existence of spirits. The religion reflects the connection of the Korean people with their traditional customs and rites. In this faith, believers assert that spirits can be found everywhere; some of them emanate from their ancestors while others come from nature. These spirits are supposed to help man during his weak moments, restore justice by punishing wrong doers and guide man in his endeavors. 1 Historically, Shamanism started as far back as 1000BC. At the time, society already had an organized government, and relied heavily on agriculture as the backbone of its economy. A number of religious festivals started springing up during agricultural harvests so as to facilitate thanksgiving among the people. Attendants in the festivals were called mudang , which came to be a central part of Korean Shamanism in the future. The kut is the name of a similar ceremony that takes place today. Later on, other religions started emerging, and most of them penetrated into the three dynasties that characterize Korean history. Shamanists struggled to assimilate these elements into their faith owing to influences from Buddhism and Confucianism. In subsequent times, the religion continued to diminish. At first, in the Koryo era, Buddhism appeared to be the most influential religion of all. Rituals such as Yun Deung Hoi (an annual festival) were quite common. However, although the festival was labeled as a Buddhist one, its internal structure borrowed heavily from traditional Shamanism. 2 In the Cho-Sun period, the kut was reduced to a lower class. Even Buddhism was not spared as rulers wanted to establish Confucianism as the only legitimate religion in the land. This joint persecution of Buddhism and Shamanism led to greater exchange of elements between these two faiths. At the time, Shamanism was perceived as primitive and out of touch. In the su
Ethics has diverse definitions depending on the field in which it is applied. From a general perspective, ethics encompasses well-established standards of wrong and right acts that humankind should avoid and do. The standards include instances of honesty, societal benefits, fairness, and particular virtues. Moreover, ethics revolves around the development of the above standards in ensuring that institutions study their own ethical standards (Mello, 2006). Ethical practices are not necessarily found within the laws and social norms. For that reason, a lawful act may not be ethical. This means that the established standards must be well founded and reasonable in their own context. In the business field, organizations have to set up policies and practices that increase trust among their stakeholders. Therefore, ethics makes businesses to avoid instances of discrimination and bribery that may minimize a firm’s economic values to its stakeholders. In an ethical dilemma where personal ethics conflicts with a company’s ethics, a person ought to comprehend the ethical values of the firm that he/she works for in order to initiate the process of mediation. In addition to understanding the ethical values, the employee should know why the values exist. The process will assist the individual to change his/her value system to fit in the company standards given that it is rare for corporate bodies to alter their ethical values to fit that of an individual (Mello, 2006). In this scenario, the person will make decisions depending on what is essential at any given instance after evaluating the consequences that may arise with the available choices. The process of exploring and understanding a firm’s ethics, values and morality requires different methods, which have numerous dimensions. In the business environment, there are ethical subdivisions such as comparative, normative, and descriptive ethics that stakeholders study and comprehend as part of their organizational cultures. Moreover, there are the ethical principles that are incorporated in the corporate ethnic programs to help employees in furthering their corporate culture. The law of Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) tries to minimize instances of discrimination at the workplaces. Some of the instances can rise from race, color, sexual orientation, religious affiliation, nationality, and pregnancy. Thes