ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The criminal justice industry has undergone rapid growth and development in the recent past. This can be ascribed to the high rate of crime being evidenced in most parts of the world as well as the advancement in crime technology. Criminals have resorted to the use of sophisticated methods of committing crimes thus calling for an upgrade in the criminal justice industry. As a result, many careers have been created ranging from police officers and detectives to constables among others (My Colleges and Careers 1). Among the different careers in the area of criminal justice, being a correctional officer at North Carolina is what I would like to pursue. Correctional officers are in most cases situated in government prisons and jails. Working as a correctional officer is a risky venture since you deal with criminals. However, despite this fact, I would still be inter
Standards & Procedures Through the present Code of Ethics, the Organization expresses its commitment to achieving a safe, positive, and supportive work environment. The necessary prerequisite for meeting the said goal is ensuring ethical, dignified, courteous, and respectful conduct among the professionals. The Organization acknowledges the worth of people and sees creating an atmosphere where every person is treated fairly as its top priority. The present document seeks to encourage trust, responsibility, and accountability in every colleague and stakeholder and compel them to collaborate and exchange views and opinions in an open dialogue. Diversity The Organization sees strength in diversity and does not discriminate against gender, race, ethnic background, and sexual orientation. It is important that every person sees his or her colleagues as complex human beings and abstains from putting a label on them based on their origins and personal traits. The Organization’s staff comes from a variety of backgrounds, which ensures unique and versatile experiences. They allow each member to bring in fresh ideas and make a valuable contribution. However, the Organization emphasizes the need for colleagues and stakeholders to adhere to the outlined ethical principles, putting them above their beliefs, opinions, preferences, and habits. To make sure that conduct in the workplace is compliant with the present Code of Ethics, both staff and the managing board members are assigned distinct roles. The Role of the Staff The Code of Ethics prescribes each staff member to treat all people with courtesy and respect. If a conflict is to arise, all colleagues should retain their professionalism and try to reach a compromise without being offensive. Self-reflection is seen by the Organization as a vital part of fostering a respectful work atmosphere. With this being said, staff members are encouraged to be mindful and observant. If someone’s rights are violated, or he or she is subjected to disrespectful behavior, a person who witnesses this problematic situation is to intervene and appeal to a manager if necessary. The Organization is well-aware that staff members are at the top of their performance when they do not have to handle unfair treatment, conflicts, and negative emotions. The Role of the Managing Board The managers of the Organization are responsible for setting the tone and acting as role models for others. Since the members of the managing board have to handle difficult situations more often than the staff, it is essential that they remain courteous, impartial, and respectful at all times. The Organization does not encourage making top-down decisions and demanding immediate reinforcement without consulti
Introduction The stock market is one in which shares are traded. This trading may either be through exchanges or sometimes it might be carried out through over-the-counter markets. The stock market is also referred to as the equity market and it serves as one of the most important areas of a country’s economy (Bogle, 2010). A stock market offers an opportunity to companies to gain more investors while being able to access more capital. The stock market can either be primary or secondary. In a primary market, there is issuance of shares whereas subsequent trading of shares takes place in the secondary market (North & Caes, 2011). The stock market offers excellent investment opportunities where the money invested earns a good return either in form of capital appreciation or regular income from dividends. Stocks are preferably purchased for investment purposes when their prices are low so that they produce relatively high profits through dividends. Factors that determine the quality of stock To determine the quality of various stocks, an investor should consider a number of factors. These factors include management of the company, the products offered by the company, the competitive position of the market, the asset base, the company’s liquidity, the volatility of the stock, and the strength of the company’s corporate governance (North & Caes, 2011). Depending on the number of shares held by different investors, the issue of ‘big’ investors and ‘small’ investors come up. As the words suggest, ‘big’ investors are those who hold more shares while ‘small’ investors refer to those holding a lesser number of shares. The question that arises is, who between the ‘big’ or ‘small’ investors enjoy the most benefits or endure the most disadvantages? Disadvantages faced by small investors when investing in the stock market Small investors are faced with the difficulty of building a diversified portfolio. Whereas big investors may have enough money to purchase as many stocks as they want, small investors lack these funds and they are only able to purchase a few stocks. This becomes very risky since they concentrate all their money in that investment (Fisher, 2012). In addition, the administrative costs that are charged on these few stocks may at times be too high for the small investors to afford their upkeep. Some firms may also set a very high minimum opening requirement as the deposit. This makes it very difficult for small investors to navigate their way in the stock markets. Small investors are also faced with the problem of high fees which are charged as a percentage of their total investment (Lensink, Bo, & Sterken, 2001). This in turn reduces the dividends they receive at the end of a financial period. Advantages enjoyed by small investors when investing in the stock market Ironically, small investors derive their benefits from their portfolios size. As earlier discussed, small investors are just that, small. In fact,
The document The Delegates debate the Slave Trade reveals moral assumptions of the slavery abolition in the United States. First of all, the document stresses the need to unite all the states with the purpose of unity of the people. Since slave trade was the most common in the southern states, the rejection of slavery represented in the change of lifestyle, habits, and outlook as a whole was the most difficult for them. Hence, it is a question of humanity. Second, the document takes into consideration opinions of several delegates from all the states. Therefore, it was based on compromise and provides equality. Moreover, the document emphasizes the role of morality in government that plays a significant part in the integration of the country, in the establishment of good relations between citizens, and equal rights for all. In my opinion, the wording of the Slave Trade Clause reflects the influence of both proslavery and antislavery delegates. According to Mr. Luther Martin’s antislavery point of view, slavery weakens the Union generally as it weakens some parts of it. Among proslavery tendencies, one may note Oliver Ellsworth’s ideas, who states that the wisdom of slavery is the enrichment of one state enriches the whole country. Thus, he suggested leaving slavery in some Southern states as a tool of country’s well-being. Charles Pinckney, in his turn, supports the issue of slavery in South Carolina, explaining that put on freedom of choice in this question, it might, perhaps, achieve impressive results. However, the issue of slavery was left to the discretion of states. The text of the Constitution, particularly, the issue raised in the Article 1, Section 9 authorized the importation of slaves.
Introduction The US is largest and most critical economy in the world. According to EconomyWatch, during the year 2010, the US economy generated “20.218 percent of the global GDP (PPP), which was equivalent to US$ 14.624 trillion” (EconomyWatch, 2010). For the past decades, the US economy has led other economies. However, the world’s strongest economy is now facing serious challenges ever since the WW II. These issues have resulted from both domestic and international environments. In the domestic sphere,” the financial crisis of 2008 exposed weaknesses in the US economy” (EconomyWatch, 2010). This was the worst crisis relative to other past crises, including the Great Depression. As a result, consumer confidence has remained low. Evaluation of the forces underlying U.S. adaptability to changing economic forces The US is the largest and most technologically advanced economy in the world. It has “a per capita GDP of $49,800” (ITA , 2013). The US economy is a market-oriented economy in which most critical decisions come from private people and business organizations. In addition, the US government (both federal and state) gets most of its services and good from private players in the market. Since 1960s, the US economy has played a major role in absorption of global savings. As a result, it has remained “ the most heavily invested in country in the world, with foreign direct investments at home worth $2.398 trillion in 2010” (EconomyWatch, 2010). The US is also the largest investor in “the world with investment worth $3.259 trillion abroad in 2010” (EconomyWatch, 2010). The US economy depends on its great flexibility in decision-making, which has facilitated important decisions in expansion of industries, development of new services and products, and retrenchment of excess workforce among others. In the international sphere, the US industries have faced stiff barriers in their attempts to venture into other markets like China. The US companies are in the front position in technological innovations. For instance, firms in the US produce “the best computers, medical, aerospace, and military equipment” (EconomyWatch, 2010). These firms have become highly specialized since the WW II for improved productivity. The focus on technology has led to the growth of a two-tier labor market. In this case, workers at the bottom of the tier do not possess high-levels of technical skills, education, and professional required for technical jobs. Over the last 200 years, the US foreig
This paper is about the film “The last Emperor” by Bertolucci which tells the story of the last emperor of China Pu Yi. It can be supposed that telling the story of an emperor is describing the life of a man with great power. Nevertheless, following the story of Pu Yi, it turns out that this emperor never had a power at all. The film shows that Pu Yi never was responsible for any action or event whether in his life or the life of people in China. Furthermore, the image shown of the emperor in the film is a prisoner like image even before he was cast in prison. He indeed enjoyed some luxury life through the years when he was not in prison, but this luxury was brought to him in a way that kept him as a symbol or an icon which was put merely for decoration. Following the previous analysis I can say that I truly feel sorry for him because he was put in the position that imprisoned him not by his will or his actions. Even before he was abdicated, while an emperor he was stripped from the simplest rights that were given to other children, i.e. the right to leave his house. Another reason for feeling sorry for him is that he was completely helpless as a grown man. As he was served from his childhood, he was not used and taught to do the simplest things like tying his shoes or filling a glass of water, which made him feel powerless. It turned out that he was happy the most, when he served as an ordinary gardener later in his life when he took some control over his fate.
The 2009 Novel Influenza A (H1N1) pandemic brought to the forefront the critical issues of disaster preparedness and planning. Influenza pandemics often portend a political, humanitarian, social, and economic crisis if managed poorly. The essence of this assertion is that an influenza outbreak is an unpredictable and recurrent event (Jhung et al., 2013). As such, Nelson et al. (2007) have argued that advanced preparedness and adequate planning are essential to mitigate the impacts of influenza pandemics. Nonetheless, these efforts require the input of everyone in the community. Both national and international guidelines have provided the framework for addressing these issues adequately (McCormick et al., 2009). The state of Tennessee’s response to the H1N1 pandemic has provided valuable lessons for future practice. The health and disaster management agencies should form collaborative linkages to respond to pandemics efficiently (Barrios et al., 2012). No single organization can respond to a pandemic independently considering the practical issues involved in disaster management. In addition, an effective reaction to emergencies requires the mobilization of massive resources (Nelson et al., 2007). Interagency collaboration is essential to build sufficient capacity. Emergency response mechanisms achieve their intended goals when agencies utilize their resources and knowledge base collectively (Barrios et al., 2012). The health administrators in Tennessee understood the value of cooperation by deploying the services of the Tennessee Emergency Management Agency (TEMA). Each of the agencies involved in the multidisciplinary team should have explicit roles to avoid a conflict of interest. The best strategy to achieve this goal entails the delegation of duties depending on the resources and specialty of each organization (McCormick
The scientific method allows scientists to study various phenomena by testing their assumptions built from observations of the surrounding world. As a result of exploring and attempting to explain the world, a scientific method process used by researchers was formed. It includes such steps as exploration through observation and questioning and testing hypotheses and predictions and their verification through experiments or additional observations. Despite the benefit and clarity of the scientific method, readers should still critically evaluate the information presented in articles. Scientific articles often address current problems of concern to society. For instance, an article serving as a secondary source and presented in The Economist describes a study testing measures for HIV prevention among young African women (G.C.). The original study was published by Baird et al. in the scientific journal The Lancet. In this work, the use of the scientific method is clearly traced. The authors observed that African women are forced to date and marry older men to ensure their own well-being, but such relationships contribute to the spread of HIV (Baird et al. 1320). The researchers hypothesized that providing additional financial assistance to young women would change their lives and not be forcing them to marry older men. Baird et al. conducted a randomized cluster trial to test their hypothesis. They held an experiment providing an additional income to a group of unmarried African women. As a result, the hypothesis was confirmed – financial independence reduced the incidence of HIV. When critically evaluating an article, it is worth noting that it has many advantages that testify to its reliability. In particular, its authors have Ph.D. degrees; the study was conducted under the auspices of The World Bank and published in a peer-reviewed journal (Baird et al. 1320). The authors acknowledge that the article has some limitations, and further research is needed to clarify the findings. However, their experiment has shown results and could be a critical step in reducing the prevalence of the disease. Works Cited Baird, Sarah J., et al. “ Effect of a Cash Transfer Programme for Schooling on Prevalence of HIV and Herpes Simplex Type 2 In Malawi: A Cluster Randomised Trial “. The Lancet, vol. 379, no.9823, 2012, pp. 1320-1329. Web. G.C. “ A Drug Called Money “. The Economist , 2012. Web.
Introduction Medicare should pay for the cost of the new cancer drugs. In this respect, the new healthcare act should ensure that cancer patients without health insurance also have a chance to access new cancer drugs. Through Medicare reimbursement policy, the government is to ensure proper management of the healthcare budget (Benson, 2001). Medicaid policies are integral in ensuring that healthcare policies are properly managed, and doctors do not inflate the cost of cancer drugs. Who should pay? Therefore, government initiatives through Medicare should play a critical role in subsidizing the cost of the new cancer drugs. Currently, people with medical insurance are accessing the new cancer drugs at a high cost. On the other hand, private healthcare insurers are discriminating against covering unemployed individuals. It is important to acknowledge that cancer is prevalent across the social ranks in the American society. Therefore, it would be ignorant not to allow the poor people an access to new cancer drugs. Current policies Medicare agrees to reimburse doctors on merits of drugs performance (Benson, 2001). It is important for Medicare to evaluate doctors’ role in drug pricing. This means that combined taskforce of members from drug manufacturers, doctors and Medicare officials should be included in determining the price and value of the new cancer drugs. In the mean time, generic cancer drugs should be made accessible to cancer patients, who cannot afford new cancer drugs. This will create a combined force between Medicare and private healthcare insurers in covering for cancer related expenditures. Medicaid role in preventing fraud in cancer drugs pricing should be initialized following the emergence of the new and expensive cancer drugs. A survey on health care spending in the year 2005 revealed that pharmacists and doctors are susceptible to inflating the cost of healthcare (Catlin, Cowan, Heffler & Washington, 2007). The aspect of corruption in healthcare is not alien in the United States. However, cost control initiatives can be used to ensure that healthcare budgeting within states is monitored closely. Reform on healthcare policies that focuses on diseases like cancer can be crucial in ensuring that every person benefits from new and effective drugs. This means that the government through Medicare and Medicaid can reduce its expenditure on some hospital services. There are healthcare services that can be supplemented by home care services. The improvising of ho
The title of this journal is The Pandemic Claims New Victims: Prestigious Medical Journals . The title is explicit and explains that there are medical journals that have been retracted from the public domain. The articles were considered to be containing information that was misguiding the public. Tremendous blame has been laid on the peer reviewers for not identifying these flaws and correcting the articles. It is the job of the peer reviewers to ensure that the information found in the journals is verified and reliable. The author of this article is Robin Caryn Rabin, a staff writer at The New York Times. Caryn has worked in the media industry for so many years and has specialized in Health media for over fifteen years. She has written many other peer-reviewed articles and has a wealth of knowledge and experience in her field. The source of her information is from primary sources such as interviews with professionals and peer-reviewed literature. The New York Times is also a reputable media company with reliable and verifiable information. The article by Caryn takes us through the challenge that took place in the medical field during the Corona Pandemic. Two peer-reviewed articles from two highly respected Medical journals had been retracted from the public domain due to contracting information. This article discusses the damage this retraction had on the medical fraternity involved and the explanation for the error. The medical professionals interviewed in the article do not blame the peer reviewers but on the change of activities brought forth by the pandemic. Life is not as it was, and people have to work through shifts to cater to the need
Identification of Family System Demographics The family under the investigation is the Grapes. Their ethnicity is Caucasian. There are five members of this family: Bonnie Grape, age 54, a mother; Gilbert Grape, age 24, the older son; Amy, age 34, the eldest daughter; Arnie, age 18, the second son; and Ellen, age 16, the youngest sister (Ohlsson & Hallstrom, 1993). Reason for Social Work Involvement The family needs assistance because of its inability to cope with the death of their father and husband (he committed suicide) and evolve. Additionally, Bonnies lack of desire to live one and struggle resulted in her extreme overweight. Children, especially Gilbert, are ashamed of her. Arnies mental disease complicates the situation and undermines stability in the family. Additionally, all members might suffer from depression cultivated by helplessness and lack of any opportunities to evolve. Finally, being the only breadwinner in the family, Gilbert has no chance to leave this place and become independent. In such a way, there are cases of diffused boundaries and co-dependence. Family Background and Situation The familys background could be described as the extremely complex one. First, Mr. Grape committed suicide being not able to cope with stress and tension. It had numerous adverse effects on the family. At the moment, its financial state is poor, as, in practice, Gilbert is the only breadwinner who must work to support the whole family. He suffers from the inability to live his own life. The mother, Bonnie, cannot earn money because of some psychological and physical problems triggered by her husbands death. She prefers to isolate herself from society and live as an anchoret. She is obese, which also means that her state of health is critical. Arnie is mentally sick and obsessed with the idea of climbing the local water-tower. He hardly realizes the problematic state of the family. Amy is still single, and she does not have any chances to marry because of the lack of candidates in the small town. She looks after her mother and works about the house. In such a way, Amy is a mother-figure in this home. It seems that she accepted this role; however, it obviously causes adverse effects on her. Ellen is a student, and she works at Dairy Dreme (Ohlsson & Hallstrom, 1993). She dreams of being an adult. Despite numerous conflicts, family members try to help each other and demonstrate some intimate feelings. However, growing in this household means to suffer from a high level of stress and change of roles. For this reason, conflict and outbursts of feelings are inevitable. Family Dynamics The family could be characterized by an untraditional pattern of relations and interactions as maternal and paternal roles