ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Cost-benefit analysis The project has a ten-year lifecycle. Its implementation will require $ 1.2 million; furthermore, Centervale Apparel will need to spend $ 250,000 on annul maintenance costs. Therefore, its total cost will be $ 3.7 million. In turn, the annual savings will be $ 500, 000. Thus, this project will break even within 7 years and 5 months. Moreover, in the course of ten years, it will bring the company $ 1.3 million of net revenues. Additionally, one should mention such improvements as the reduced time of delivery and enhanced satisfaction of clients. So, it is possible to speak about improved organizational and financial performance. Evaluation of alternatives A company can adopt several strategies that may serve as an alternative to this project. First of all, they can modify or upgrade existing order fulfillment technologies. The main justification for this initiative is that it will require a lesser amount of costs. Nevertheless, the management may not ensure that this strategy will help the company improve data accuracy and reduce the costs of inventory. Furthermore, this organization can invest in the training of employees so that they could better understand the work of the current technologies. This approach can also be beneficial because in many cases, the poor work of information technologies can be attributed to the lack of users’ skills. Nevertheless, it is only a conjecture, and one cannot say that current problems can be explained by the lack of training. These is the main limitation of this alternative. Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) model At first, it is necessary to identify the possible risks that this organization can face. First of all, Centervale Apparel may have to spend more time and capital in order to implement this project. Additionally, the company may have to spend more money on the annual maintenance of new technologies. Each of this risk is quite likely because even the most experienced business administrators can be too optimistic while estimating the timelines or costs of a project (Mankiw, 2007, p. 304). Provided that these risks are overlooked, they can completely undermine the value of project. To some degree, these risks can be mitigated by using both internal and external controls. For example, this project can be assessed by auditors, supply chain managers, and IT specialists who estimate the costs of this project. Moreover, one s
According to the existing evidence, globalization has triggered a number of changes in the modern world, convincing people to be tolerant towards the representatives of the other nations, races, political ideas, religious beliefs and sexual orientation. Comprising the experience of different nations and creating a peculiar fusion of traditions and customs, globalization has touched upon one of the most controversial issues of the XX and XXI century, namely, the question of whether homo- and bisexual people have the right to enjoy the same freedoms as the heterosexual ones. It is assumed that with the help of the LGBT tourism, homo- and bisexual people will eventually obtain their right to enjoy tourism without being humiliated or looked down at by heterosexual tourists; however, by means of isolating themselves from heterosexuals, homo- and bisexual people are unlikely to ever adapt to the modern society, which poses certain problem and questions the reasonability of LGBT tourism (Benkendorf, Moscardo, and Pendergast). Weirdly enough, LGBT tourism is quite popular nowadays with the advent of globalization. Casting a glance at what the Bath Spa University offers to its visitors is enough to understand that the LGBT tourism has become a part and parcel of the modern world and has settled quite comfortably in the modern world. As Bath Spa University claims, among the services which they offer, there are soon going to be the facilities for the homosexual: “BSU is actively looking to set up an LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender) Employee Network Group. Employee Network Groups can provide support, opportunities to socialize and input into the development of the University” (Bath Spa University para.1). It is quite remarkable that at present it is namely the spa industry that is experiencing the advent of what most people call gay tourism. Moreover, one can observe numerous companies emerging to provide gay and lesbian people with the safe and sound tourism services. According to the evidence that Community Marketing Incorporated offers, “Community Marketing, Inc. has earned its position as the global leader in gay tourism marketing” (43). Therefore, the world is currently experiencing a surge of LGBT tourism in the course of globalization. In addition, the attitude towards the threats that are posed to the tourists in the course of LGBT to
As economic concepts, the notions of income and wealth are not to be conflated. While income is used to denote a sum of money received regularly within a specific period, wealth means net worth (Fuller et al., 2020). From a democratic perspective, social equality requires equal distribution of capital, which leads to the question of whether economic equality should be defined by the equality of income or that wealth. Since equality suggests equal chances to exert power within society, the level of wealth appears to be the primary factor, defining wealth to a significant extent, the income also plays a major role in building democracy. When viewing democracy as the opportunity for all citizens to participate in shaping state policies and gaining political influence, one could connect wealth to democracy. Indeed, given the fact that wealth as a long-term asset defines the extent of one’s political influence within a community, equal distribution of wealth implies the promotion of democracy (Mijs, 2021). However, one could argue that building equal wealth is impossible without equal income. Namely, as long as income inequality remains an issue, poverty and, thus, drastic wealth inequality will remain a social concern (Le et al., 2019). Therefore, it could be argued that democracy requires equality of wealth, which, in turn, is based on the equality of income. While wealth equality as the presence of equivalent opportunities to exert political power appears to be the essential factor in establishing democracy, income equality as the opportunity to build wealth is also a factor. Therefore, though wealth equality seems to be the crucial factor in creating an egalitarian community, both concepts play a notably large role in promoting the principles of democracy within a community. Consequently, both income equality as a short-term chance at acquiring power and wealth equality as a long-term option for retaining it must be regulated accordingly.
While it is clear that the American society places a lot of emphasis on generations, contemporary organizational thought demonstrates that each generation has its unique system of values, communication styles, work culture, and attitudes. Nowadays, more than ever before, the generation issue is constantly revisited by analysts, policy makers, and mainstream commentators as they seek to understand the values that drive these unique sets of the population. The present paper describes two such generations, namely Baby Boomers (1946-1964) and Generation X (1965-1980), in the context of their deeply held values as well as the strengths and weaknesses of these values in work-related environments. From the time-frames indicated above, it is evident that Baby Boomers are the predecessors to Generation X. From observation, it is also evident that most Baby Boomers posses unique values, such as holding a fresh perspective to current issues, respecting performance rather than titles, demonstrating optimistic and team orientations, sensitivity to feedback, and impulsive urge for personal growth and gratification. President Barrack Obama of the U.S., for instance, is a Baby Boomer who has not only brought a fresh perspective to the presidency but seems oriented towards service delivery rather than seeking protection from the title of the most powerful president in the world. Generation X individuals, on their part, demonstrate unique values including questioning authority, having a positive attitude to life challenges, demonstrating impatience, being goal-oriented and demonstrating the capacity to multi-task in jobs, desire to be self-reliant, thinking globally, and a high propensity to work in informal work environments. Additionally, individuals in Generation X do a lot of work within their respective organizations; however, they always demand to be given the freedom to do the work their way. Musicians Jennifer Lopez and Madonna exemplify this generation. From the exposition above, it is clear that each generation has its own strengths and weaknesses. President Obama and other high-performing Baby Boomers derive their strength from team orientation, respect for performance rather than titles, and reinforced the urge to achieve personal growth and gratification. However, individuals within this generation perform dismally in the face of conflict and also demonstrate sensitivity to feedbac
The article “Organizational Communication and Conflict Management” by Kenan Spaho explains the importance of internal and external communication in an organization. Lack of proper interaction or communication affects performance. The author goes further to explore the relevance of conflicts in an organization. During communications, people’s opinions tend to differ. The situation calls for new ideas to resolve such conflicts and have a common playing ground. Conflict management becomes a critical subject for managers. Managers should encourage teamwork, embrace dialogue, and make communication much better. According to Spaho (2013), conflicts are normal because employees will always differ. It is the duty of managers and supervisors to deal with all types of conflicts in their organizations. All managerial levels should use their experiences to address all the conflicts in an organization. Organizational managers have a role to play towards fostering better organizational strategy and conflict management practices (Spaho, 2013). The author goes further to explain why proper conflict management strategies will promote organizational effectiveness. Top-level managers are not the only ones to address such problems and disagreements. These managers are busy and might not tackle most of the conflicts. This might also result in negative influences. Article Critique The peer reviewed journal article identifies the issue of conflict as something that can affect the effectiveness of an organization. The author has acknowledged the presence of disagreements or conflicts in every organization. The important thing is to have proper measures to deal with such conflicts. Sometimes the problem becomes a major threat when there is no good external and internal communication at the organization. Poor communication will usually result in poor performance (Spaho, 2013). The author uses various examples to explain how managers can apply their competencies in order to address most of the issues affecting their organizations. The author also presents a clearly defined literature review. In this review, the author examines in details some forms of communication in an organization. This analysis makes it easier for the reader to understand some of the causes of disagreements in many organizations. As well, the article explores some of the major types of conflicts in a business organization. For example, vertical conflicts occur mainly when managers dictate their employees without letting them know what they should do. Horizontal conflicts are common when employees encounter challenges in their departments (Spaho, 2013). This information is necessary because it helps managers identify the conflicts in their organizations. The author identifies some other causes of misunderstandings such as limited resources, personal differences, poor communication, and lack of motivation among others. It is impossible to identify conflicts in any organization. The author supports this assertion using the major stages of organizational conflicts. That being the case, managers should have proper conflict management strategies. Managers should examine the communication strateg
Introduction The Storm by Kate Chopin is an outstanding piece of American literature, which takes place in the 1800s. The central topic of the story focuses on the role of a woman, who was mostly viewed in highly narrowed scope, and love. This one-sided manifestation of the female’s role in society was the main struggle faced by the characters. Essentially, a woman was primarily viewed as a housewife, who solely performs the related tasks, such as cooking, cleaning, and taking care of children. The society of the given period did not allow a female to possess the freedom to chase her dreams and realize her ambitions. The key characters are a housewife, Calixta, and her former lover, Alcee. The story begins with Calixta’s husband and son being trapped in the local store due to the coming storm (Chopin 1). She realizes that storm will be severe, which is why she goes outside to collect the drying clothes. This is when the first encounter of Alcee and Calixta occurs, where the former asks for temporary shelter from the latter. Main body The story’s central action driver and the catalyzer of significant changes is the storm itself. The presence of harsh weather conditions is designed to fulfill two objectives, which are setting up the circumstances and acting as a symbol. It is important to note that Calixta and Alcee would not have gotten an opportunity to reconnect without being forced to stay together. Therefore, the storm catalyzes and speeds up the occurrence of the reunion. Calixta states: “My! what a rain! It “s good two years since it rains’ like that” (Chopin 2). The character shows the overall severity of the storm and how there was no other option than letting Alcee use her house as a temporary shelter. Moreover, the storm also plays a symbolic role in this short story. The overall intensity of the storm goes in a tight correlation with the emotional tension between Alcee and Calixta. The author describes the worsening of weather alongside the initiation of the affair by stating: “The rain beat upon the low, shingled roof with a force and clatter that threatened to break an entrance and deluge them there” (Chopin 2). This is the moment when the intense emotional and physical attraction between Alcee and Calixta sets in. The author later writes: “The contact of her arm, palpitating body when he had unthinkingly drawn her into his arms, had aroused all the old-time infatuation and desire for her flesh” (Chopin 3). The majority of the second chapter of the story is descriptive, and the author does an outstanding job of gradually setting up the affair. It is highly challenging to pinpoint the exact starting point of this interaction. Similarly, it is difficult to outline the beginning of the storm. The ending of the act is also in conjunction with the weather conditions outside. The author writes: “The growl of the thunder was distant and passing away. The rain beat softly upon the shingles, inviting t
What can a primary historical document, like grimmelshausen’s text tell us about the period of the thirty years’ war? The thirty years period of war was provoked by varying religious interests. Its outbreak was caused by two competing religious groups and these were the militant Catholicism and the militant Calvinism. Besides the war having taken place in the Holy Roman Empire (The land of Germany), there were other European countries that also invaded the war either to support or attack either of the two groups that were in conflicts. Due to difference in interests, the two religious groups started conflicting over powers to rule various territories in Germany. They also competed against each other for superiority. The thirty years period of war in Germany seems to have been a disaster to the innocent ordinary citizens full of suffering, mass killings, torture and destruction of property. First, the leader belonging to Catholics was appointed as the king but those allied to Calvinism or Protestants did not agree with the appointment. Therefore, they formed a rebellious group with its own army to reject and fight back this move. They were not successful and this triggered them to seek support from other European countries. They went for Spain. But because France was an enemy of Spain, the Catholics went for France for intervention and assistance. The war took place in several phases out of which the Catholics won almost all the phases making the Germany land a catholic zone and chasing away the Protestants. Later on, the larger England community intervened and the war came to an end with attainment of freedom of worship. Each and every member in Germany was now free to choose his or her religion (Kittler 446-450). From Grimmelshausen’s text, we can draw conclusions that indeed the thirty years period of war in Germany was a total terror to the people Germany. According to his document entitled the face of war in the seventeenth century, he describes the events that really happened during the war as inhuman. Women and children are considered the most vulnerable group of people during the war period. They tend to suffer a lot. He says that people were tortured, butchered and killed brutally. Many girls were molested by the soldiers who were undertaking the civil war and almost each and every property belonging to the farm peasants was completely destroyed. He says that the ordinary people are the ones who suffered most from the war. He gave a very touching example of his own family members who he witnessed being tortured. He explains how his father was put under torture in his own eyes. He also describes how he heard his mother and sister scream in pain. This illustrates a high degree of inhumanity and torture that the ordinary farm peasants passed through during the civil war period (Grimmelshausen 397). From this, we can figure out how the situation was for the period of thirty years in Germany. Most probably the groups of people who suffered most were children and women. It is clear from this document that many people were killed during the war period and many others tortured. It is the ordinary people of Germany that experienced a lot of p
The tourism industry has extensively adopted technological innovations to help serve the demands of its customers. In organizations and institutions, Information Systems is responsible for computers, networking as well as data management. It supports different kinds of decisions at various levels of hierarchy within organizations. Information technology supports various tourism activities. The increase in the number of people owning computers connected to the internet in their homes have significantly changed the way tourism consumers identify their destination, make reservations, define the extent of leisure they want to obtain, choose the mode of transportation and many others (Dimanche and Jolly 2). Many tourism firms continue to explore the diverse applications of information technologies so as to increase the value of their services. The back-office of tourism firms uses Information Technology to handle routine operational problems as well as to facilitate multi-stakeholders interactions (Parakevas 17). It is also used in yield management. In the front office, IT is used in managing customer relationships. Information technology is used for many purposes in tourism firms including product development, tourism marketing, data management, developing and interactions among tourism stakeholders and many others (Technovation 576). All these have dramatically improved the value chain of tourism firms. Peculiarities of value chain in Tourism Industry Tourism industry is both capital and labour-intensive and requires know-how and ability to minimize risks through building up networks. Distribution and marketing adopt co-operative alliance to reduce costs, increase customer value and achieve market extension (Weiermair 2). According to Poon (114) tourism worldwide has become a relationship and information industry. It has therefore become increasingly important to keep client data. Tourism industry involves practice-oriented operation, experience as well as knowledge resources in areas such as corporate management, market information plus product features and brands. Value chain in the tourism industry is characterized by tourism products, destinations as well as market segments. Tourism destinations are the heart of leisure for tourism consumers. The sceneries, parks, museums, monument and historical sites, sports and cultural activities provide great experiences to tourists. In particular, these destinations include sandy beaches, sand dunes, scenic marine parks, waterfalls, gorges and mountain escarpments; wildlife, rural villages and archaeological sites. The need for institutional coordination, monitoring as well as the need to pursue existing opportunities in the destinations call for the application of information systems to help manage and communicate effectively. Tourism organizations continuously build on their destination’s own strength
Evaluation of Frankenstein Frankenstein written by Mary Shelley is an exemplary written piece in English literature. The novel is influenced by many movements that were prominent in the period of romanticism. This paper evaluates the important motifs of the novel with its cultural roots to the concept of prejudice, character sketch of victor Frankenstein and Justine Moritz with respect to their character usage to deliver the thematic concern of the author. Moreover the paper also describes the concept of education and upbringing of child through the analysis of charter of Frankenstein in the novel. Character Sketch of Victor Frankenstein Victor Frankenstein is the major character and the most important narrator of the story. His portrayal in the novel is more of a person who had always deserted himself in loneliness which could be considered as a dangerous element of his personality. In the beginning his interest was in poetry but after some time science became his obsession. He wanted to discover the secrets of heaven and earth. He studies the outlawed sciences and become interested about the secret of life. He studies the secrets of giving birth to an inhuman creature. After researching and all of his experiments he forms a monster to life that kills his brother, best friends, wife and everyone close to Frankenstein just because he refuses to create a mate for the monster (Shelley, Panshin, & Cook, 2009) Victor Frankenstein continues to gain knowledge which blinds him from the effects it may have. His determination causes him to create a creature that is deformed which he instantly rejected. His main motive of creating such a creature was to become the leader of that race. He soon realizes that he has made a mistake. The monster even kills two other innocents including Frankenstein’s father. After creating a life he regrets his decision and he himself refuses to admit his one scary truth of creating a life. He gets scared of getting the label of bad man or on the other hand, a mad man (Hitchcock, 2007). Victor was disturbed with the success of Robert that he wanted to achieve his goals at any price. Victor himself knows the danger of his passion that he is ready to sacrifice everything (Shelley, Panshin, & Cook, 2009). The most dangerous sign is that he creates the creature with the method of interpretations through which he was interfering within God’s matter with the passion of creating life. The danger fact about the Victor Frankenstein which was found by Shelly in the novel was he short tempered. Shelly highlighted in her novel that a double time live was liven by Victor Frankenstein; he was living half demon and half human life (Shelley, Panshin, & Cook, 2009). Justine’s Role in the Novel Justine Moritz is a small character who is of main importance in Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein. Just