ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction In the rapidly changing business environment, employees’ satisfaction has become one of the crucial issues predetermining the company’s competitive edge. It is defined as a positive state of mind that is caused by employees’ realization of their commitment to the company making a valuable contribution to its success that goes in hand with the achievement of personal goals (Guillon & Cezanne, 2014). The company the paper at hand is going to analyze from this perspective is Emirates Airline. The issue of employees’ satisfaction and engagement is especially significant in relation to cabin crew as it plays a key role in ensuring high-quality service. The purpose of the research is to investigate the extent to which the crew motivation and engagement are predetermined by financial and non-financial incentives. This study is important as it will allow identifying how much employees’ loyalty depends on empowerment. Literature Review Job satisfaction is a highly complex phenomenon: according to Lee (2016), 43 aspects of it can be identified, 37 of which are connected with work motivation. No matter how different organizations may seem, they still share a set of conditions that predetermine job satisfaction. Among the most common are the following: motivation, successful performance, relations with co-workers and the supervisor, salary, working environment, promotion, and status (Kazan & Gumus, 2013). However, some studies also name ability utilization, collaboration, independence, and creativity (Mafini & Pooe, 2013). Respectful attitude, work safety, and financial compensation rate among the most influential components of job satisfaction, which means that working conditions are considered to be no less significant than salary and financial bonuses (Lee, 2016). However, motivation factors are still specific for each particular industry or business (Yousaf, Latif, Aslam, & Saddiqui, 2014). The survey conducted in Emirates Airline gave the following results (“Cabin crew’s job satisfaction,” 2015):   * 68,12% of the crew are satisfied with their job in the company;   * 37,68% like the working conditions whereas 62,32% called them unsatisfactory or withheld comments;   * 73,92% find their benefits (both financial and non-financial) satisfactory;   * 69,57% complained about overworking;   * 56,52% believe that they do not receive due acknowledgment while others rema
Introduction An examination of the current commercial industries within Florida reveals that industrialized mining operations focusing on phosphate production within the state has an approximate annual revenue of U.S. $1.92 billion (or more) a year making it one of the largest mining operations within the United States. It must be noted though those due to their inherent nature mining operations are inherently unsustainable in the long run given the fact that natural resources such as phosphates, limestone, clay, sand, gravel as well as various forms of minerals are non-renewable resources. Evidence of the fact that mining is an unsustainable practice in Florida shows that in previous years companies were able to effectively mine 500 to 600 acres of land a year while presently they are limited to only 15 acres a month (Kinik, 52). The reason behind this lies with the fact that as mineral resources are mined from area to another the end result is a distinct depletion in the amount of resources that can be mined each year. Not only that water utilization in such mining practices further erodes local water tables and depletes their supply which not only causes problems for the mining process itself but also for local environments due to the constant level of water depletion (Large pump package installed on dual duty at Florida mine, 13- 14). While various mining initiatives have attempted to mitigate the drain on local water resources through the use of water reclamation techniques the fact remains that as the mining industry continues to push northward and southward in search of new areas to mine it directly comes into conflict with various natural habitats such as the Florida Everglades which are already in danger of continued deterioration due to the continued incursion of various metropolitan projects (Satchell, 53). What must be understood is that the Florida phosphate mining industry supplies roughly 75% of local domestic demand while it also supplies 25% of global demand as well (Constantino, 1). It is based on this that it can be seen that for an area that is roughly a quarter the size of Texas and given the rate of domestic and global demand for phosphates from Florida it can be seen that phosphate mining operations within the state are inherently unsustainable and will eventually run out in the near future. Creating Solutions to the Problem When examining the case of Florida and it’s rapidly dwindling supply of minerals such as phos
Introduction The adoption of wireless network technology in medical applications has become one of the major progresses which have been realized in healthcare field, a step that has been considered as cost saving (Jain, 2011). It has also played a crucial role of enhancing access to patient information and medical services. Studies reveal that wireless technology network and its application in health provision is increasingly gaining popularity, a consideration which medical analysts cite could reduce medical errors which have led to ineffective provision of treatment and eventual death of patients (Newbold, 2004). In concurrence, Khan, Hussain and Kwak (2009) point out that wireless network technology provide tools which aid doctors and nurses in obtaining patients’ data on insurance, lab results, tests, medications, treatments and clinical histories. As this paper analyses, governments, insurance agencies and hospitals as well as other health care providers are increasingly turning to wireless technology to limit medical errors and save costs of managing patients. This paper takes a critical look at the role of wireless network technology in heath monitoring and concludes by examining the challenges and issues facing its application. Health Monitoring The healthcare industry has been regarded as one of the industries that have been faced by a myriad of challenges related to efficient and effective provision of services (Athens Informational Technology, 2009). Analysts argue that some of the hard hitting problems which healthcare providers grapple with today include the inability to effectively and fully reach less developed urban and rural areas with medical services, acute staff shortages, never ending medical errors and high costs of delivering healthcar
Introduction This report has been prepared to analyse the importance of communication and integration management in project management. This goal requires a review of a specific project, and hence the reason behind this study’s choice of the Victorian Desalination Project as an appropriate vignette. The project commenced in May of 2007. The justification for this selection is partly the duration of the implementation of the project as viewed against the background of the actual planned date of completion, which was 2011. Instead, the project was carried forward by more than a year as the commissioning efforts were taking place in late 2012. So far, the project is not yet under implementation as it is subject to the stay of production imposed by the government since 2012. Although the project lagged behind time so that it was not yet commissioned by 2012, Victorian desalination project can be deployed as an important case example for analysis of communication and integration management in a successful execution of a project. Project Background The Victorian desalination project was aimed at augmenting water sources for both Melbourne and Geelong. The project was meant to ensure the production and supply of fresh drinking water through the aforementioned parts of the Victorian area. The commissioning phase of the project ended on the 17 th December 2012. Therefore, as from 22 nd December 2012, the project had been placed on standby. This meant that it would no longer be used to produce drinking water through 2012 -2013. The commissioning was looking into the reliability, productivity, and performance of the quantity and quality of the water. The desired goal in terms of the quantity was 150 -200 billion litres of water. The testing phase for the commissioning featured the running through of the system of 50 GL of water in different stages. Initially, all the water was emptied into the ocean for re-entry into the reservoirs. Upon the completion of the first stage, which comprised testing the first 50 GLs of water, the water was subsequently released into the network via the pipeline connects with the Cardinia reservoir. The delivery outlets include Berwick. The specific location of the plant is the Bass Coast Wonthaggi, which was chosen after a comprehensive feasibility study that was conducted on several potential sites. The reasons why Bass coast was favoured include its proximity to the seawater, which would ensure convenience in the collection of quality source water with little or no contaminants as well as providing a repository for the concentrated saline solution because of the free circulation of the ocean at that point, which would ensure rapid dispersion. Stakeholders Communications Management The main stakeholders in the Victoria Desalination Project were the communities and
Abstract Umbrellas have evolved throughout the history of ancient China, Egypt, and the Middle East. Oiled paper umbrella is a type of umbrella that emanated from China during the ancient times and has evolved and dominated the world due to its unique features. The unique features of oiled paper umbrella include smooth bamboo handle, waterproof shade, light paper, and colorful collections. A study, carried out in colleges, confirmed that students prefer oiled paper umbrella as compared to other umbrellas, thus designers and entrepreneurs should target students and entire youth as potential customers of oiled paper umbrellas. Introduction The oiled paper umbrella is a special umbrella that emanated from China during the ancient times but has currently gained international recognition that, it is virtually present in all countries. Johnson argues that, versatility of oiled paper umbrella to various occasions and functions has made it gain international significance as compared to the ordinary umbrellas (8). This implies that, oiled paper umbrella has unique appeal to diverse cultures across the world due to its unique design and variable colors. Since the oiled paper umbrella has dominated the world, this project seeks to establish the unique features that are inherent in the umbrella design that make it appeal to so many people across the world. Review of the Literature As aforementioned, the oiled paper umbrella is unique umbrella that Chinese invented during the ancient times. The Chinese made the oiled umbrella using bamboo, wax, paper, and various colors that give different tastes. Royal families and emperors used red and yellow colors with special designs while ordinary people used blue or other colored umbrellas. According to Smith, oiled umbrellas serve several purposes in the Chinese culture in that they do not only provide shade against rain and sunshine, but also as act as artifacts of decorations in weddings and prevention of evil spirits in religious ceremonies (1). In addition, other people across the world use the oiled paper umbrella as gifts to their loved ones and souvenirs of the Chinese culture. Despite the fact that the oiled paper umbrella originated from China, it has spread across the world, because its unique design and multiple colors appeal to many people. Methodology To establish unique features that are inherent in the oiled paper umbrella, a study was carried out in a college. The survey targeted 200 college-going students and ensured that there was gender balance to enhance the credibility of the research findings. According to Walter, the appealing features of the oiled paper umbrella include oil that repels water, smooth bamboo handle, and colorful designs (8).
Introduction Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death globally. More people die annually from cardiovascular diseases than from any other causes (Baghianimoghadam et al., 2013). The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) states that Americans suffer more than 1.5 million heart attack and strokes each year (2014). Of this amount, 48% of African American women alone have some form of cardiovascular disease that includes heart disease and stroke (CDC, 2014). Most importantly, African American women are less likely than Caucasian women to be aware that heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide (American Heart Association, 2019). In order to understand the reason for heart disease being a health disparity amongst African American women, it is essential to focus on the behaviors within this population that may be affecting their health directly. Following this analysis, it may become possible to devise a program that will aim to eliminate these detrimental behaviors by providing the population segment with the external support structures necessary to undertake a lifestyle change. Explanation of Research Approach When devising a wellness program aimed at avoiding adverse effects of already existing health-related predispositions, it may be crucial to focus on people’s self-management and habits, rather than on their erudition levels regarding wellness topics. Many people may prefer to ignore or not think about the implications of their actions, and, thus, their “knowledge, understanding and attitude alone do not necessarily alter [their] behavior” (Sabzmakan et al., 2014, p. 77). Furthermore, focusing on improving environmental factors, such as income and living space, may not be a viable goal for a healthcare program, as these elements are outside its scope. Thus, behavioral health and change theories remain crucial to consider when planning a program aimed at eliciting a change from a particular population stratum (Joseph, Keller, Affuso, & Ainsworth, 2017). Therefore, the social and behavioral aspects of the chosen African American population should be at the forefront of the proposed plan. Doing so allows harboring the hope to initiate a positive health-related change within the women of the African American community. Factors like stress, unhealthy eating, and physical inactivity play a role in the cause of cardiovascular disease. According to the CDC, diets high in saturated fat, trans fat, sodium, and cholesterol have are a link to heart disease and related conditions (2019). Furthermore, empirical research shows factors such as low socioeconomic st
Background Oral microbial floras constitute microorganisms that are found in the buccal cavity that may not necessarily cause harm to the human being. These organisms make up the normal microbial flora of the mouth. Because these organisms have to compete for food resources, some in the process end upon being eliminated due to competition. This element of competition may eventually prove advantageous when a pathogenic microbe is eliminated in the process. However, some microorganisms found in the mouth may end up causing undesired effects like dental caries, gingivitis and pyorrhea. These effects are mainly caused when there is an imbalance in the existence of the microbes colonizing the mouth cavity. This imbalance is characterized by the production of acids. These acidic compounds damage the gums and the teeth. The microbes can adhere to the surface of the epithelial cells, tongue, and the enamel. Microbes that colonize the surface of the tooth are commonly known as dental plaque. The microbes that stick on the surface of the epithelial cells and the tooth do so with the aid of a biofilm. Bacterial genera that are known as the primary colonizers comprise Streptococcus, Actinomyces, Neisseria, and Vellionella. Secondary microbes include Prevotella and Fusobacterium spp. Normal microbial flora in the mouth cavity is always at equilibrium. The by-products of growth of some organisms are quite often used by other organisms as nutrients for growth. Some bacteria’s metabolic activities make use of oxygen thereby creating conducive environment for growth of anaerobic bacteria. However, the balance may break down in case the nutrients are higher in sugar content. The bacteria that adhere to surfaces end up lowering the pH of the medium. This creates a favorable environment for acid-loving bacteria growth. Discussion of the primary research requirement Several types of research have been conducted on Oral Microbial Flora. Pedreira, Kusahara, Carvalho, Nunez and Peterlini (1) delved into colonization in Children undergoing Mechanical Ventilation. Munro, Grap, Jones, McClish and Sesslar (2) tackles Tooth brushing and Preventing Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically Ill Adults. Preza, Olsen, Aas, Willumsen, Grinde and Paster (2) study Bacteria Profiles of Root Caries in Elderly Patients. Pedreira’s (1) objective was to compare the microbial profile in the oral pharynx path, the length of ventilation and the duration of stay in the intensive care unit by children subjected to ventilation process that have history of drug or non-drug oral care. The method used involved randomized control study conducted in a PICU in Sao Paulo, Brazil. The patients or their guardians were given highlights on aims, methods and limitations to be encountered. Of the 146 patients during the 9 months of the study 38 percent took part in the study. Criteria for eligibility were thoroughly interrogated. Children who were in the PICU less than 48 hours were also not allowed to take part in the study. There was random assignment of the children to the two groups of th
Introduction Modern technologies are making it easier for students to achieve their academic goals. Such technologies support learners in different settings. For example, the use of assistive-technologies supports the needs of students with learning disabilities. Modern technologies encourage educationists to teach various subjects such as language, science, and mathematics. The role of technology in different learning institutions will, therefore, increase in the coming days. A new approach has emerged whereby learners can use different computer technologies. Stockwell (2012) describes “computer-assisted language learning (CALL) as an approach to teaching whereby internet technologies can support the needs of many students” (p. 76). Computer technology reinforces, analyzes, and presents various materials to the targeted learners. This technology also increases the level of interaction. Students can use CALL to learn new languages. This essay describes the use of various CALL tools in learning a second language. The targeted tools support the CALL approach. CALL Tools: Learning a Second Language Online Exercises Learners of different languages can benefit a lot from online exercises. Several websites offer a wide range of online exercises for different individuals. Such websites make it easier for learners to improve their pronunciations and spellings (Jarvis & Achilleos, 2013). Online exercises have the potential to support the educational needs of learners. The websites present many questions and exercises. These exercises have three major levels. These levels include “ beginner, intermediate, and advanced ” (Jarvis & Achilleos, 2013, p. 5). The exercises make it easier for every student to understand different topics such as noun clauses, tenses, verbs, phrasal verbs, articles, and prepositions. These skills are critical whenever a person is learning a new language. Such online websites are advantageous because they improve the level of learning. Analysis of a Good Online Exercise Website Learners should always identify the best online exercise websites. Such websites should have meaningful questions and exercises. Learners should be able to use the best online websites without any guidance. Such online exercise websites should support the educational needs of beginners. The websites must support the needs and expectations of every learner of a second language. A good online website should also offer the right answers and feedback to the learners. This approach will ensure every learner acquires new language skills. According to Chapelle and Jamieson (2008), a good website should be flexible, accessible, and easy to use. This fact explains why such online websites sho
Matulovic Response Special treatment for prioritization of projects in funding amounts to a critical dilemma that Matulovic needs to solve before making any response to the phone calls from his ELT peers. Concerns were high that the newly unveiled prioritization criteria was error prone, something that forced the people working for the ELT members challenge the “ the supposed categorization mistakes that penalized their business units” (Rose, 2007, P.18). Every penalty on any unit had substantial repercussions to the core object of the business of Volkswagen of America (VWoA). On the other hand the requests were more informal than formal which reflects, less treatment of preliminary evaluations of the proposed projects so as to examine their feasibility and if possible predict any foreseeable challenges before the implementation of the plans. The scenario proved rather more complicated by the fact that the finances at disposal were limited to $60 million against the cost of the proposed 40 project plans amounting to cost of $210 million. Furthermore, trade-offs between the process of prioritization of the new projects and the core of the business was to be brought into picture. Before giving a direction Matulovic, needed conviction that, the decision he would have made was the right one for VWoA business. Even though Matulovic seemed fully aware of the challenges at hand, he focused on organization of systems that addressed the goals of his company. On the other hand, his peer executes proved predominantly occupied in making of IT related prioritization decisions. The executives calling him had the company’s mandate to support the core business goals of the company. If they adequately held the believe that the company’s goals both within VWoA and VW AG made no imperative sense in comparison to their demands, they should have channeled their aggrieved concerns to other prioritization process team members such as PMO, DBC, ITSC and ELT but not Matulovic. On his part, Matulovic sh