ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Stress is a common occurrence in the day-to-day lives of individuals. Different individuals cope with stress differently. Most deaths and comorbidities are associated with stress factors that gravely affect health, leading to an increase in health costs and family expenditure. The response of the brain to stress is an area that continues to be studied widely, but due to the nature of these studies, animal models are mainly used. What has been derived from these animal studies is that particular regions of the brain have the capacity to undergo extensive structural and functional remodeling (neural plasticity). Neural plasticity is an essential characteristic that offers neuroprotective benefits after an initial episode of acute stress (Gray & McEwen, 2013). Other than the brains’ neuroplasticity, environmental, personal, and behavioral factors influence one’s stress and mood handling ability. Hence, the need for a meta-synthesis of literature aimed to review the relation between mood and stress in relation to influential factors. ‘Mood and stress’ is an imperative area of focus because of the detrimental effects associated with poor stress management strategies. Individuals need to be informed of the myriad approaches that they can adopt to manage their stress levels, as well as their moods. Various studies on the relationship between stress, mood, and triggering/mitigating factors have been conducted, but variations result due to an oversight of some factors in the research design or confounding factors, like molecular and physiological mechanisms that have not yet been exhaustively investigated. In an attempt to understand the relationship between mood, stress, and influential factors, this study aims to expound on the influence of school-associated stress, food choice and food preparation, lithium, and multivitamin supplementation on stress and mood among students in Keanu University. Specifically, the underlying mechanisms that enable these factors to have a positive influence on stress levels and mood will be delineated. The current society is characterized by numerous stress factors; hence, the association between mood and stress has become an area of interest. Stress has been a symptom of early disease onset, and it exacerbates symptoms of various mood disorders. There is a substantial reason that leads to the conclusion that the unique confluence of genetic and environmental factors has a long-term effect on an individual’s maladaptive state. Failure to return to normal after exposure to stressful events can mean a loss of plasticity. The hippocampus and amygdala regions
Summary of Naomi Gerstel and Natalia Sarkisian’s Work In their article “Marriage: The Good, the Bad, and the Greedy”, Naomi Gerstel and Natalia Sarkisian discuss the idea of marriage in its relation to the concepts of community and social ties. Thus, the authors’ main idea is that marriage contributes to diminishing the pairs’ connections or ties to their relatives and friends as well as to the other representatives of the community. Gerstel and Sarkisian develop their argument subsequently, focusing on the evidence to support the main idea of the work and to provide effective counterarguments. The central points of the article are based on the idea that marriage can guarantee definite benefits for the married people, and marriage can also be the cause for different kinds of oppression and discrimination within the family. To defend the role of marriage for people, the authors refer to the opinions of such researchers as David Popenoe and Linda Waite who perform as advocates of the marriage idea because it provides people with the feeling of stability and contributes to their material and social status and physical and emotional health. However, the authors also state that the opinions on the role of marriage are different, and there are many opponents to the idea who state that marriage expands the women’s duties, thus, it can be discussed as oppressive for women but beneficial for men. Despite the variety of opinions, the researchers agree with references to the national surveys’ results that marriage is ‘greedy’ because it is based on the companionship between partners, but social ties become loose. To refer to the idea of the family more broadly, it is possible to use the authors’ discussion on the problem of division of roles in a married couple and the issue of relations between a family and a community. Thus, if the division of duties within the family is unequal, persons can feel the oppressive character of marriage. Furthermore, the specifics of relations between a family and a community depend on diminishing all the social ties and connections with friends and relatives, although the status of a married man contributes to establishing social contacts. Thus, the significant emotional involvement within the family influences the social life of a pair and the level of dependence on social ties. Questions to Discuss
History is a specific matter for discussion but it is, at the same time, easy because it does not acknowledge any subjunctive moods or suppositions. History deals with facts, names and dates only that is why it is considered to be the most precise science among all. History of the mankind is full of controversial events and figures, but if we take time to look closely at those events and to examine them in more details, we will undoubtedly find the rules and laws according to which the history develops. Scientists have different opinions as for the issue of the main motive power of history. Some of them keep to the point of view that history is developing as a chain of incidental events that cause each other but do not have any logical explanation or connection. Others claim that these are personalities who create the history, meaning that prominent political leaders, warriors and charismatic people act according to their own will and the masses of people can do nothing but obey. One more opinion is that religions and traditions are the factors that predetermine the development of this or that nation. Finally, the fourth point of view consists in acknowledging that human society and every civilization that ever lived or will live on Earth develops due to such fundamental things as money, production, and trade that constitute the phenomena of economics. And if we take into consideration the Western Civilization we will see that the latter approach is a
When defining or identifying certain characteristics within an Asian gang, many seem consistent but not always one-hundred percent accurate. First off, gang members are all male. There are females that hang around the Asian gangs, live in the same residents as gang members, even carry firearms for their boyfriends, but are never involved with criminal activities. Most commonly, female associates of Asian gangs are there usually to distract police officers or offer some sort of getaway once a crime has been committed. Asian gangs tend to recruit members between the ages of twelve and seventeen. Like most other forms of gangs, younger children are more easily persuaded to join than the older crowd as most of the time it is the leaders of each gang that are in there twenties to early thirties. It is very common for the younger gang members to carry out random acts of violence (Chin, 1990). Other characteristics include that most gang members are high school dropouts, with very few, if any, attend high school and keep an active gang membership. Most often this is due to that fact that when many Asian immigrants arrive in North America they have weak English skills and struggle in both school and the social aspects of life in an English speaking culture. Constable Albert Ku of the Edmonton police department reported on the youths that “they concluded that they don’t want to work in the restaurants and the laundries like the old Chinese guys,” (Runner, 2000). Even though it has been noticed that Asian gang members go to great lengths to concealing their gang affiliation, most gangs do tend to favor the color black. This can include black boots, black shirts, or black leather jackets. Members tend to dress well and maintain a very high-class look with their dress style. As for distinctive markings, Asian gangs tend to lean toward scarring or mutilation opposed to ink tattoos to create specific gang markings. Asian gangs use scarring as a method of marking, the most popular method used is cigarette burns. Every different style of markings have there own distinctive meaning to each Asian gang. Burns on the hand can be commonly associated with Filipino street gangs. Burns on forearms are Vietnamese or Cambodian. Burns on upper arm are usually Chinese, and when it comes to female branding, the most common area is either ankles or feet. Also, each of these markings has a certain explanation to each member. Single burns often represent a willingness to engage in criminal activity (Haddigan). How big each gang is varies among groups. The average size of an Asian gang tends to be roughly twenty to fifty hardcore members (Chin, 1990). There are also times when gang conflict is intense in some areas, and some gangs are forced to seek reinforcements from other cities. The organizational structure tends to have four or five leaders who are often ref
Need to prepare a practice makes perfect essay, paragraph, or speech? Writing such a text might be challenging, whether it is a 3-words piece or a longer story. Below, you’ll find everything you might need to get inspired. Introduction Practice is one of the keys to success. Why am I saying this? Practice, talent and being lucky are equally important. They are interconnected in that one cannot exist without the other. No matter how lucky one is, if no practice is done one is bound to fail. We do practice daily on how to live through our experiences which has a possibility of increasing our harvests. No matter how talented one is, one is likely to forget the basic thing if no practice is done. Why Does Practice Make a Man Perfect? Ones’ progress will mostly depend on the frequency engaged in, and the type of outcome needed for improvement which mostly gauges one’s determination. The much practice required depends upon the nature of the activity, and upon the individual due to difference in peoples’ nature and desire to learn and achieve more. Practice is an important tool to being successful and it helps one’s goal come true. I hoped I could pass the practical test of manicure license. Manicure test had two parts, the practical and the written one, so I had to practice more than 10 times a day. Practice Makes Perfect: Stories & Examples Practice influences us all the time. The newborn baby has to practice in order to walk and speak because no baby is born with the capability of either talking or walking. The baby learns from human beings around them. The baby starts learning step by step. Parents always hold the baby’s hands as they help the baby make small steps. A baby does have to practice daily until he or she knows how to walk, the baby do fall always however, parents believe that continued practice can help it achieve its goal of walking hence day by day the baby can walk. Parents always worry about its physical problem like falling down and weak legs before it knows how to walk. Finally, they do feel happy and successful after the baby knows how to walk. Practice makes us to be successful. If you don’t practice, you will fail. It did happen to my friend Yuri. We took the same manicure class at Rosemead Beauty School to get the manicure license at the end of the summer. However, before we got the license we had to complete 400 hours, and then apply for the
Introduction Budgets are made to predict the amount of usage and income that a company is likely to get after putting some resources in projects within a certain period of a year; the futuristic approach leads to variances between the budgeted amount and the actual outcome from the process, department, or activity (Ray, Eric, Brewer, 2009). Variances may be favourable (which means that the company has done better than the management had expected) or it can be unfavourable which means that the company has operated at a rate worse than the expected rate. The analysis of variance offers a rich ground through which the management improve operational efficiency and effectiveness. When favourable the management should be careful and take advantage of the situation to outdo their competitors as it seeks to improve the situation further. When unfavourable it’s an indication of high rates of inefficiency in either the planners or the actual doing of activities (Horngren, 2009). Using HP Company as a sample company, this paper illustrates the most common variances within manufacturing companies as well as their possible sources. Variable costs variances Variable costs budgets are made to predict the number of costs that are expected to be incurred when producing a certain commodity. Under production costs, numerous cost heads can be used to interpolate cost variances for example: In the manufacture of laptops, the management of HP had the following budget for the quarter of October, November, and December 2010: Cost
Business environment refers to factors, both internal and external, that affect the operations of a business. These factors may include clients, competitors, owners and suppliers. A part from communication, ethnic background, gender and age, business environment covers the multigenerational workforce for quality performance in the business world. Workforce revolutionizes with age due to the beliefs and sets of values bestowed in different communities. To create a friendly working environment, one should understand and collaborate with organizations in order to create a room for solving problems. Understanding the work productivity between different generations should continue as it will help future organizations to influence more workforces to be multi-generational in nature. The organization should improve talents, competition and enhance productivity in the businesses. Additionally, the business organizations have to note what keeps the customers and extend to leadership. A multigenerational workforce is that which comprises of different age set-ups. It inculcates different human resources with vast age difference. This workforce has different generations namely, generation X and Y, the old and the young. The aged have immeasurable experience on how to run a business to realize recommendable growth. This category of employees has wealth of knowledge on how to manage all the business activities (Swastika 2012). For example, if tasked with managerial duties, they will ensure success in business operations by meeting all stakeholders’ needs. On the other hand, generation Y, the youthful employees that fall below age 35 are always innovative and creative in their thoughts. They always like to see businesses trying to apply different management and production techniques in their operations (Opportunities and Challenges of a Multi-Generation n.d.). Clearly, these different alternatives will enable businesses to be up-to-date with the constantly changing technology hence maintaining or increasing customers’ satisfaction. In this scenario, the business will attract and maintain new customers’ thereby recording high productivity. As a result, the business will gain competitive advantage over its competitors in the market. This mixed workforce has different skills that if businesses tap can easily leads to high profitability (Buahene 2012). A multigenerational workforce increases productivity in the business environment but it contributes to conflicts. The old generation are always resistant to accepting changes in the business environment while the young employees are always on the contrary (The Multigenerational Workplace 2011). Moreover, in such business environments, there are always delayed recognitions in terms of promotion as the aged population occupies the higher positions. Additionally, it causes a major market failure due to a destructive outsourcing strategy. This twists the age profile of any organizational pyramid. To prevent these organizations should become more diverse than before to overcome the issue. Multigenerational workforce can cause attrition to high potentia
Introduction Ever since it was being published in 1997, Zbigniew K. Brzezinski’s book “The Grand Chessboard: American Primacy and Its Geostrategic Imperatives” never ceased to draw the attention of politically-minded Americans and America’s policy-makers alike. This can be explained by the fact that in his book, Brzezinski strived to provide readers with the insight onto operative principles, upon which America’s geopolitical dominance must be based in the future. In this paper, we will aim at outlining the main ideas, contained in “The Grand Chessboard”, and also at evaluating them critically. Review The foremost ideological thesis, which defines Brzezinski book’s practical implications, can be summarized as follows: ever since 75% of world’s population and ¾ of world’s natural resources are located in Eurasia, and ever since Eurasia generates 60% of world’s GNP, America’s ability to continue enjoying an undisputed geopolitical dominance in the world directly corresponds to this country’s ability to insure that no Eurasian nation and no Eurasian organizational entity would ever find itself in position of exercising a unilateral control over world’s biggest continent: “The issue of how a globally engaged America copes with the complex Eurasian power relationships — and particularly whether it prevents the emergence of a dominant and antagonistic Eurasian power—remains central to America’s capacity to exercise global primacy” (Brzezinski 1997, xiv). Thus, the structural particularities of Brzezinski’s book relate to author’s intention to validate such his thesis on most thoroughful manner. In Chapter 1 “Hegemony of a New Type”, author discusses what had resulted in the emergence of a new geopolitical reality, when non-European nation (America) began not to only influence European politics, but to play a decisive role in how these politics are being formed. Even though Brzezinski does not suggest it openly, the context of this Chapter implies that it was namely due to the fact that, throughout the first part of twentieth century, European major powers had twice found themselves being indulged in bloody war against each other, which accounted for both: the decline of Europe’s global eminence and America’s rise to position of world’s first economic and military power. In Chapter 2 “The Eurasian Chessboard”, Brzezinski suggests that geopolitical dynamics on “Eurasian chessboard” are being defined by how “geostrategic powers” (France, Germany, China, Russia, India) affect politics within what author refers to as “geopolitical pivots” (Ukraine, Azeybardjan, Turkey, South Korea). In this Chapter, Brzezinski also points out to the fact that Britain and Japan can no longer be thought of as “geostrategic powers” (capable of exerting well-planned geological influence on neighboring countries), simply because these countries’ foreign policy is being premeditated in U.S. According to Brzezinski, it is in America’s best interests to assu
Every assignment in the given course is aimed at the development of our skills and enhanced understanding of particular areas of management that will help us to become outstanding specialists. For this reason, preparation for every assignment is a complex and important process that should be given specific attention. First, I am sure that all materials provided by during this very course should be looked through to ensure the improved understanding of all issues and units that might be mentioned in the project. Second, it is critical to start preparing for the assignment by investigating potential problems that might appear during its realization. Their consideration might help to find appropriate solutions and ensure positive outcomes (Kotler & Keller, 2015). Additionally, I am sure that before starting this assignment, we should refresh knowledge we already have and select several most attractive or important issues that might be useful when working on the project. These might also help to perform an in-depth and comprehensive investigation of a particular area. Finally, to be successful in accomplishing a certain task, the plan that takes into account all aspects should be created (Editorial Board, 2014). I believe that only under these conditions, we will be able to achieve outlined goals if all these issues are taken into account and analyzed. In the previous paper, we selected the company Xiaomi and its products to compare them with the closest rivals that function in the sphere and determine the peculiarities of this brand. Continuing discussion of the firm, we should outline two features of the product that might be considered benefits. First, it has a low price, especially if to compare Xiaomi with other brands like Samsung or Apple (Trefis Team, 2018). Second, regardless of the first aspect, mobile phones manufactured by the company demonstrate good performance (Trefis Team, 2018). They have the majority of all functions people expect from modern smartphones. Additionally, the brand guarantees an appropriate quality of photos and sounding. In this regard, these features transform into real benefits to me. I do not want to spend significant sums on phones that will become outdated in a year. For this reason, Xiaomi might attract me by its low price. Additionally, it has all functions I need at the moment. Music, camera, the access to the Internet, and other innovations make the phone a good choice for people like me. It could also be evidenced analyzing the consumer behavior related to this very product (Griffin, 2016). At the moment, Xiaomi demonstrates a stable growth of its popularity. If to compare with the closest rivals, Samsung and Apple, the brand is still not so popular and could not be considered the element of a particular lifestyle. However, shifts in consumers behaviors could b