ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The white-tailed deer can be found in Canada and most of the United States, excluding Hawaii, Alaska, and the Southwest. It has a grayish-brown coat in the winter and reddish-brown in summer. The underside of its tail is white hence the title “white-tailed deer.” The nose, throat, belly, and areas around the mouth of a white-tailed deer are also white. The coat of a young deer less than six months old is covered with white spots. Males contain horns or bony antlers that fall off every year in January or December and grow back in April or May. Habitat White-tailed deer is highly adaptable and thrives in different habitats. A mixture of croplands, hardwood, pasturelands, and bushlands provides the most suitable environment (Ballard 36). They opt to stay in bushy areas, croplands, forested woodlots, and meadows. However, newborn fawns require a habitat different from adult deer, which leads to different habitat arrangements and types. The survival of fawns is a vital part of population growth compared to adult survival because they are susceptible to environmental extremes and predation. Reproduction The breeding season of a white-tailed deer starts in late autumn to early winter, with a gestation period of approximately 202 days. Female deer generally birth at around one and a half years of age (Bartylla 65). Females bred as “yearlings” birth one fawn while older females birth twins throughout their lifespan, which may continue to approximately 10-15 years in the Adirondacks. Most fawns are born in early June or late May and weigh around 3-6 pounds at birth (Bartylla 67). The newborns also have a full coat of reddish-brown fur with white spots. Their eyes are open and nurse from a standing position when they are less than 24 hours of age, even though they are somewhat unsteady on their legs. At about one year of age, bucks begin growing their first antlers, and a new set will grow yearly. Ant
Leaders Are Made, not Born Introduction According to Gregory (2009), a leader is an individual who has the capacity and desire to inspire and influence his or her subjects. There has been a lot of debate on whether a leader is born or made. Some people believe that a great leader has some in-born attributes while others are confident that leadership abilities, just like other skills, can be learned with time. It is vital to agree that leadership is a vital provision; nonetheless, great leaders are not born with their abilities, they are made. Leaders Are Made, not Born: Debate Points First, most leaders neither carry forward their legacy nor do their backgrounds suggest they can make good leaders. For example, children of great leaders do not necessarily become leaders. This shows that leadership skills are not a hereditary trait but they are skills, which are learned through many processes. In the global arena, Obama’s parents were never leaders; however, their son (Barrack Obama) has managed to nurture his leadership skills to lead the greatest nation in the world. In this context, the greatest leaders are not born. They are made as indicated earlier. Usually, it starts with a personal decision to become a leader. However, there are certain attributes that constitute good leadership abilities that are inborn. One such attribute is intelligence. A leader should be intelligent enough to make the right decisions in any kind of situation. For example, Nelson Mandela of South Africa managed to nurture his leadership skills. Generally, leadership skills are hardly hereditary abilities. An individual who eventually becomes a great leader undergoes many learning processes. They study other leaders, try to imitate their conducts and select their role models. Most American leaders have chosen Abraham Lincoln as their role model due to his intelligence and leadership prowess (Pace, 2006). Of course, great leaders can falter; however, they can improve their skills with the feedback they get from different people. This helps them develop into great leaders since they are able to transform their behaviors to the better (Gill, 2012). Leaders Are Made, not Born Conclusion It is vital to agree that most great leaders are not born with abilities and their legendary leadership skills. Prominent leaders like Barrack Obama have struggled for ages to attain their status quo and nurture their leadership skills. In order to become a great leader, one has to develop interest, endure, listen to mentors, and transform appropriately. One does not need to be born a leader so
A summary of the article Lipid metabolism in cognitive decline and dementia shows that the study was a nonrandomized pre-post interventional investigation. This illustrates the nomenclature of quasi-experimental design because the outcomes were based on observations without any interference with external variables being introduced into the study (Panza et al., 2006). The research was conducted by collecting data to establish the causality between the intervention and the outcomes. Using no-randomly selected control groups, the study was done using both pre-intervention and post-intervention measurements (Panza et al., 2006). Here, the article details the effects of cholesterol homeostasis and lipoprotein disturbances as the risk factors that cause a cognitive decline of degenerative vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. The results showed that “there was no consistent association of serum or plasma apo E protein levels with the disease when controlled for APOE genotype” (Panza et al., 2006). The research design factored both natural situations and pre-existing groups of participants in the category of people with the attributes of the quasi-experimental research design (Trochim, 2006). There is evidence to show the existence of cause-and-effect relationships between the administered drug and the level of cholesterol. A population-based study of the effects of cholesterol level on dementia for people aged 70 was followed for 18 years. A strong causality between the variables was established (Trochim, 2006). Some ethical reasons were factored into the research study because of the importance of ethical decisions. This was the reason underpinning the use of the quasi-experimental research design. Typically, the research results of the design were accurate because the natural and the causal relationship between the variables were established.
Ceremony by Leslie Marmon Silko and Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad are two creative works of art, written in very different contexts but with a similar aim of reconciling collective beliefs to individual beliefs. Their styles, the use of characters and writing techniques are different, but they both aim at bringing harmony to the apparently complex plots. They successfully do so as they take analogies of undertaking a journey, from the beginning, the rise of conflict and in finding a resolution. Personal Experiences of Marlow and Tayo in the Heart of Darkness and Ceremony Respectively In both novels, the writers use fiction in an attempt to bring their own personal experience to paper. The key concern in both has to do with bridging between traditional values and the ideals of modernism. Conrad, when he was serving as a steamboat commander in Congo, was open to brutality of Western world. He relates his own experience to his main character, a protagonist in relation to the antagonist characters like Kurtz or the general manager. Leslie Marmon Silko uses her personal experience as a Native American in the Ceremony . The Native American culture is passed on through a profoundly communal process of storytelling from Tayo’s grandmother, who on sensing the hopelessness in her grandchild, invites the medicine man, Ku’oosh to perform a traditional ritual on him. For reconciliation to occur Tayo has to make difficult choices. He heads to the mountain in search of his Uncle Josiah’s lost cattle, which symbolize a new way of life. During this journey he meets Ts’eh Montano, a woman his spirit is rejuvenated as she who begins to teach him Native American old traditions. Silko bases her work on traditional Native American stories, using narrative techniques that emphasize Tayo’s individual belief in relation to their communal aspects. In both stories, the protagonists are in a journey (Silko, 87). Marlow in Heart of Darkness explores the uncharted journey to Congo, Africa. Poignantly, in Congo, he realizes that, the uncivilized Natives, perhaps, have more common sense than the Europeans who came to enlighten them. It is only when he understands the need for balancing moderation between assimilation of western ideologies, and native beliefs that a resolution is reached. The Departure, Initiation, Return stages Illustrated in the Two Novels Tayo in the Ceremony attempts to reconcile his people’s traditions healing ceremonies to cure the new modern illnesses. This is evidenced by a traumatized Native American, from the Laguna Pueblo because of his unstable upbringing and experiences
GDP and Standard of Living The Republic of Singapore is an Asian sovereign nation situated one degree north of the equator (Frost and Balasingamchow 5). Several facts explain why Singapore is a unique state. The first one is that the country’s size has been increased by over 23 percent through land reclamation. It is also the “only island city-state in the world” (Heng 102). Singapore’s strategic location on the Asian continent makes it a global finance, business, and transport hub. The country is faring well in terms of education, personal safety, life expectancy, housing, and healthcare. This research paper therefore gives a detailed analysis of the country’s gross domestic product (GDP), demographics, and living standards. Such measures can be used to guide entrepreneurs and investors who want to do business in this country. Singapore’s Economic Background Singapore became an independent nation on 21 st September 1965 from Malaysia (Frost and Balasingamchow 23). It would later become a republic on 15 th October the same year. The country’s first president was known as Yusof bin Ishak (Yew 19). The young nation began its struggle in order to prosper and survive without any support from its colonial power. The leaders of the country focused on powerful initiatives to create a sense of consciousness and identity. This goal was critical because Singapore’s original population was composed of immigrants from different locations. In order to survive, the nation’s new strategy focused on its geographical location on the continent. The president implemented a powerful industrialization program to support economic development. The Jurong Industrial Estate (JIE) was extended under this program (Heng 104). The other issue that was taken seriously was public housing. This move was initiated in order to ensure more people could have their own homes. In 1971, the nation decided to build up superior defense forces. By the year 1972, Singapore had become a politically stable nation with an admirable economic growth. The nation’s economic growth rate from 1965 to 1995 averaged eight percent per annum (Heng 104). This development played a critical role towards improving the citizen’s living conditions. Towards the end of the 20 th century, Singapore’s GPD per capita stood at 13,000 US dollars. The GDP surpassed that of Israel, Portugal, and South Korea. By 2015, the country GPD per capital was at par with that of Germany. These statistics show conclusively that Singapore has become a highly developed economy. It is currently one of the Four Asian Tigers (Frost and Balasingamchow 89). The other three economies include Hong Kong, Taiwan, and South Korea. The political climate experienced in the country has resulted in a competitive, free, dynamic, and business-friendly economic environment. The level of corruption has remained extremely low within the past two decades. According to many economists, the country’s GDP per capita might surpass the $90,000 US mark by the year 2040. This is a clear indication that Singapore is on the right path towards becoming a fully developed nation. Demographics
Introduction Politics and economics are two areas that have affected sports in several ways and have in turn been affected. Some people have suggested that, politics, as well as economics, should not be mixed with sports and that their issues and activities should be carried out separately. However, ideal situations where they are separated have not occurred thus politics as well as economics have been controlled and have in turn been controlled by sports. This has occurred naturally since the feeling of nationalism is connected to victories taking place in the field in some way. Among the areas that have been affected include soccer and baseball in their various levels varying from Olympics to World Cup. These effects do not only occur in US but also in other countries worldwide. (Michael, 1995) Ways in Which Sports Has Affected And Has Been Affected By Political Situations In Mexico, baseball has achieved much success since its team has reached up to the majors during most of its competitions. However, baseball team’s achievements have occurred without political support from its own country which discourages Mexicans from supporting it, limiting them from enjoying and appreciating sports. A major political obstacle to sports is a situation where players went on strike back in 1980 resulting in the implementation of an order that required players to be suspended. This was a big downfall for Mexican players, which was not restored even with new replacements which made so many fans lose interest in sports. Efforts by the baseball federation as well as professional leagues to uphold that game once more have not succeeded. This has been worsened by continuous neglect and attacks from the media where television companies have shifted their focus from baseball to soccer. Political influence on baseball has extended beyond Mexico where informal arrangements have been made between baseball league of America and that of Mexico barring teams belonging to US from holding recruitment exercises in Mexico as it happens in other Latin Americas parts. This has been a result of extensive control that Mexican politics have had on US sports. An increase in political control has been due to the high amount of revenue collected from the sale of rights to American top players. A mechanism has been enforced limiting Mexican players from joining American teams since upon joining American teams; Mexican players are not allowed back in their home country’s teams. This has hindered Mexican athletes from enjoying baseball league bonuses available in other regions which leaves them with no choice but to shift careers to other types of sports. (Michael, 1995) Sports have also had positive effects on politics where conflicting countries have been united by sports. For example although efforts by the US to carry out successful negotiations between Iran and North Korea have failed, it has been suggested that stereotypic differences existing betw
The two countries that have been selected for the assignment are China and the United Arab Emirates. Lichtenstein (2021) notes that China has been accused of offering poor working conditions for some of its factory workers. This coupled with low pay led to a high rate of depression among the workers, with some committing suicide. On the other hand, UAE is considered to be among the top ten countries with the worst worker rights in the world (Allagui, 2017). The country has also been in the spotlight for gender rights violations in the workplace for decades, albeit the fact that some regions have already put in place measures to resolve these issues. One impact of doing business with the mentioned countries is that it can negatively affect brand reputation. Lichtenstein (2021) notes that Apple, and America in general, was harshly criticized for outsourcing its work to China when the country had little regard for workers’ rights. Further, countries that have agreements with the UAE on employment opportunities have also been criticized for not doing more to protect their citizens who are working there. Critically, one legal reaction to the violations is the inclusion in trade and business agreements on the full provision of workers’ rights as observed by the International Labor Organization. On an ethical level, businesses have to ensure that they do due diligence when partnering with local firms in these countries. This will allow such businesses to know what their partners think about basic worker rights. In the event that the partners are adamant about providing poor pay and bad working conditions, then a foreign business should refrain from using their services. It can be assumed that such strict measures will allow such countries to reconsider their policies on employee rights.
In his 1958 essay, Williams expounds on culture in a more descriptive way. His story kicks off with a thorough description of a trip by bus that begins from Hereford and ends in the South of Wales. The description depicts the voyage as among the interesting ones through the varieties that Williams encounters on the way. These varieties as the description unveil range from valleys through factories to mountains. All these observations lead to his reflection that ‘culture is ordinary’. In the essay, Williams takes the reader to his roots in his rural home in Welsh, to give an explanation about culture. As the essay points out, Williams dislikes the 195 perceptions and the interpretation of the word culture. According to him, one should interpret culture as both “…a complete way of social life with its general meanings and as the procedure of creativity and the discovery in learning and in arts” (Williams, 1983, pp.23). Williams also laments about the two prevailing cultural senses that he dislike. For instance, the teashop culture focuses on a special class of people or the cultivated people and the drinking-hole type of culture for people who exclude all ethical culture contents and put emphasis on technical standards using scarps of psychology, linguistics, and sociology to influence what they all think. Williams (1983, pp.27) says that “…although I respect Marxists and Leavis’ views about culture…I have to disagree with them…” Williams discusses the Marxist’s ideas on the interpretation and discussion of the culture and disagrees with some of the raised views. He too does not agree with Leavis duality of cultures depicted before and after the industrial revolution. However, inasmuch as people continue to associate culture destruction with technology, Williams sets out to disagree with the claim declaring technology as culture friendly. Williams says that he cannot imagine a member of the society living without having these things and prefer the old and primitive ways. In his account, several languages stand out ranging from descriptive to intellectual. However, the reader can ask, ‘What does Williams mean by ‘Culture is ordinary?’ Williams’ Implication in the Essay It is of paramount importance for the reader to unravel the implication of ‘Culture is ordinary’ as put forth by Williams. Different people define culture differently, with the definition varying from place to place as well as with time. It is from these differences that Williams sets forth to declare culture as ordinary meaning that it is “…not only is considered as a high or low level but also is normal things around us” (Williams, 1983, pp.7). According to him, culture forms the basis of people’s lives because it occupies the front line in everything they do. In addition, he
The paper summarizes the guiding principles of two philosophical traditions, which are Parmenides’ and Upanishads’ dogmas. The author acknowledges that the doctrines are contrastive in its content since they reflect the opposite interpretations of objective reality. Still, one can point out several critical similarities between the ways of thinking that were adopted by the proponents of two philosophical thoughts. Parmenides, who was an early Greek philosopher, was a follower of Thales’ naïve theory that created space for scientific justification of the reality existence. His teachings provided an innovative approach to the philosophical ideas of world formation. Thus, he condemned the theory of Heraclitus, which claimed that every conception was rooted in the idea of change. In response to this doctrine, he argued that reality was a never-changing concept since al alteration stems from the notion of nonbeing, which can not exist in a stable world. Therefore, the philosopher made a conclusion: “nothingness is unthinkable and unreal” (Velasquez 45). His idea was furthered by one of his early students, Zeno, who made an attempt to back up the doctrine by providing an example of a runner. Due to him, it is impossible for anyone to move from one point to the other, for one would be required to enter the immeasurable number of realities. Therefore, the modern philosophers claim that Parmenides’ doctrine created a framework of modern philosophy and assisted people in leaving the world of blind beliefs that relied exclusively on the idea of supernatural power. Instead, it underlined the logical explanations of the world existence as well as attempted to ground the idea of reality processes as the evictions of changing procedures in a never-changing space. In contrast to Parmenides’ theory, the proponents of the early Eastern philosophy, the Vedas and Upanishads adopted a contrasted view of reality, which still contradicted with an innovative non-mythical way of thinking. Though the authors of Eastern dogma strived for a scientific explanation of objective reality, their ideas relied on the existence of the so-called unconditional world that explained every process in a mythical way. Thus, the Upanishads created a concept of Brahman that was an abstract reality. In the context of this absolute world, they started regarding a personal self as a stimulator and a single source of every process that reveals itself in a real world. Therefore, the Eastern thinker
After reading the preface and first two chapters of the book “Disposable People: New Slavery in the Global Economy” by Kevin Bales, the reader perceives the topic of new slavery clearer and from different angles. The author brings up the issue of the ongoing modern enslavement of people all over the world. Bales pushes us to think about the problem as the one affecting every human and discloses how widespread and violent slavery remains to be. The author estimates the current number of slaves to be 27 million people and highlights the major reasons causing the prolongation of human trafficking. The immense increase of the population after World War II and the influence of development and globalization of the world’s economy on traditional families in developing countries have led to the increment in the gap between the elite and poverty. Humans infrequently assess the slavery issue from the largescale, and these factors leading to ongoing human bondage stay major and crucial for its prolongation. Bales emphasizes the changes in modern slavery relationships and accentuates that current interconnections between slaves and their owners are worse in a variety of factors than in previous times. For instance, today, the slave market has expanded as there is no connection to ethnicity anymore and legal ownership is not obligatory. Therefore, the attitude to slaves was cheap; they were estimated as disposable and easily replaced workers. With the help of the author, we understand how human life is disvalued and underestimated nowadays in such countries as Thailand, Brazil, Pakistan, India, Nepal, and many others. The major reflection Bales brings a reader to is that human enslavement remains an up-to-date issue even though the majority of people rarely face it and think it is over. The current world needs changes in human rights protection and legitimatization of labor rules so various people of different incomes and country origins can be respected and treated equally.