ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The formation of the concept of how the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) moves its efforts towards a goal is not one of the major issues to consider from the perspective of school districts. This act is aimed at proceeding toward a goal or through an activity which is not of primary importance concerning the current situation. Educational management is an effort to make sure that special needs of children including obtaining the knowledge by means of learning and instruction are met. Education in the United States is mostly conducted by the public sector while the educational institutions are grouped into different sectors namely: public schools, approved home schools, and the private schools. Situation with Educational Institutions Educational institutions have different administrators and school boards that are elected to manage the education at the local level. These educational institutions are largely referred to as compulsory educational institutions, since they adhere to the education requirements and objectives of the United States educational system. Accordingly to the provision and supervision of the educational system by the public sector, it tends to control and fund tertiary institutions with fund received from the federal, state, and local resources. School curricula, employment of teachers, educational funding, and other educational policies are governed by locally elected school boards who have an authority over school districts. School districts are usually run by independent officials and budgets. However, administrators and teachers should maintain high-quality education by ensuring meaningful curriculum, effective teaching, and necessary supports for each students (Hilliard, 1992, P.10). Educational programs, services, and budgets differ as well as school boards. All of these factors influence the programs school districts offer and the way they deal with children and parents and manage educational curricula. Depending on the population breakdown in the district, there may be many special education programs or only a few. Some administrators believe very firmly that most, if not all, children with disabilities should be mainstreamed in regular education. On the other hand, there are a number of professionals who believe that special programs are important and that children with disabilities, more often than not, should belong in special classes. Educational sector of the United States should be governed in accordance with the equal rights of citizens to acquire knowledge and be treated correspondingly to their physical or/and mental disability. Inherent in the nature of this is the acknowledgment that the general public does not offer a smooth playing field for all children to start school at the same preliminary procession. As reported by Tower (2007), a vague idea of the widespread approach to education is marked by an orderly, logical, and aesthetically consistent relation of parts with the policy objective of fairness where each person is provided with the learning opportunities, services, and support required to comprehend his/her prospect
An increase in interest rate is one of the approaches used by governments to control the level of inflation. Countries like Britain have a target inflation rate of 2%, but currently the rate stands at 4%. This explains why the British pound is the strongest currency. Raising and lowering interest rates influences many sectors of the economy. This is because the Bank of England is the central bank, and thus distributes money to other financial institutions. As illustrated in the flow chart, the rate offered by the Bank of England influences the rates in other fields such as borrowing and money markets. It is just like in an ordinary market place where the retailer sets the price according to the prices offered by the wholesaler. For instance, if a fisherman increases the prices of his fish, then the fish monger will also increase the price at which he sells to the consumers and vice versa. Effects of Increasing Interest Rate When the Bank of England increases its lending rates the financial institutions must reflect this increment by adjusting the rates at which they issue loans. Pettinger points out that this action causes people to hesitate from applying for loans because they know they will pay a lot of money accumulated as a result of high interest rate (1). However, the money that is kept in the banks accumulates commendable interest and hence people choose to withhold the money they have kept in the banks. In such a case, the financial institutions would have to increase the repayment period. Alternatively, having low interest rates induces people to take loans because they are certain that they will repay in due time. The increase in rates also affects companies in the housing sector because the increase in rates leads to a decline in the number of people who apply for mortgages: the opposite causes more people to apply for mortgages. This is because people consider the rate of accumulated interests and the repayment period. Mortgage companies adjust their rates because the swell in interest rates causes the price of building materials to increase, and thus if they ignore the changes in the market there will be no profits. The people who had taken loans prior to increment of interest rates feel the pinch because they will pay more money than they expected. I
Introduction Asia has experienced various crises over the years ranging from civil and regional wars, terrorism, and financial crisis to poverty among many others. The Arc of Crisis in Asia began in the early 1970s during the period of cold wars and was characterized by armed conflicts, radical religious movements, terrorism among many other violent crimes and negative economic growth activities (Bhasin 3). In 1971, the UN declared the region along Indian Ocean a zone of peace to so as to work towards achieving stability in the region (Bhasin 11). However, achieving sustainable stability has even been made trickier by the increasingly complex interrelationship among the countries in the South and Central Asian region in terms of their diverse economic, political, military as well as diplomatic policies. Contrary to the crises experienced in this content, China has had a relatively stable economic growth which averages at over 9% per annum. Therefore China has a major role to play in helping the other Asian countries uplift their economic, social and political growth. China’s Strategy China understands that it can not achieve industrial and commercial growth as well as political stability if the country and the region are not protected. Therefore it has put more efforts towards proliferation of its military power by making it more modern and conventional. Its military spending has increased over the past decade particularly in military training as well as developing and purchasing of more modern weapons. China seeks to achieve a regional security block in the region that would help fight crime and terrorism across the region. It has voiced its concern on the need to form a formidable military and security block in Asian Community regional corporations like the ASEAN Plus Three Regional Forum in which it is a member. Today China is considering the possibility of forming a US-China military-to-military relationship in order to modernize its security and improve the security in the region. This is very vital for its economic and overall growth. Although
Knowledge, skills, abilities improved through the Healthcare Information Management course This course has greatly improved my knowledge, skills, and abilities. I can now clearly understand why the emerging outpatient setting is more preferred than the initially preferred inpatient setting. Home-based care is the ideal form of care particularly for the elderly (Mozley, 2004). I have also noted that the multidisciplinary team approach is more efficient than the non-multidisciplinary team approach (Chang & Johnson, 2008). I have also gained knowledge of new procedures that patients must follow in both settings after going to a health facility. They should start by registering at the health records department and get card numbers to be used on future visits. The next step is to meet a nurse to conduct checks and direct them to physicians for medication or treatment. I am now able to go to a health facility and follow all the procedures without asking for directions. I have also noted that, despite the differences between inpatient and outpatient settings, leadership in oncology and health care facilities play a significant role in both. From the interview between the student and the physician, I have acquired communication skills. I have improved my knowledge on how to approach professionals through a phone call, and how they respond to interviews. The other skills I have acquired are concerned with organizational management. A manager not only trains his or her staff but also integrates technological tools to keep up with the pace of the changing world and customer preferences (Berg, 2004). This will enable me to easily understand my clients and
A great number of Chicano musicians have used their traditional Mexican heritage as a source of inspiration. For instance, they have always mixed traditional acoustic sounds with modern vibes in order to produce quality songs. This approach has encouraged the musicians to produce meaningful songs that can promote their culture. Some great musicians such as Jeffrey Pierce used their cultural heritage to produce the best Chicano songs. Their songs highlighted the experiences and hopes of many Latinos in the country. Selena “produced powerful songs in Tejano genre” (Castro 38). Many Latino musicians have used different aspects of their cultural heritage in order to become successful. For example, Lalo Guerrero transformed the history and nature of Chicano music. His “achievements in music made him the father of Chicano music” (Castro 39). Guerrero began his career at a very tender age. In the 1930s, the artist decided to write numerous songs using various Mexican genres. Some of these genres included swing and big band. Many Latino artists embraced such genres during the period. The artist “also expanded his unique repertoire thus producing new songs in different Mexican genres” (Castro 62). The practice made Lalo Guerrero one of the most successful Chicano musicians. Some Chicano artists and bands produced various rock songs during the 1940s. Such songs borrowed powerful themes and genres from the Latino culture. For instance, some famous artists “such as Ritchie Valens and Joan Baez used their Chicano experiences to produce powerful protest songs” (Castro 66). Such songs encouraged more individuals to understand the issues and challenges affecting this racial group. Chicano rock music was also common during the 1960s. This kind of music reshaped the experiences of many Latino artists and musicians. Some musicians such as “Carlos Santana and Los Lobos produced their favorite songs in different Chicano genres” (Castro 54). According to Castro (72), “a great number of Chicano artists embraced different Mexican rhythms in order to become successful”. Such musicians eventually embraced more mainstream music such as blues, country, pop, and rock. This practice encouraged more musicians to produce new music genres that supported the Latino culture. Some musicians tend to embrace the Chicano culture later in their careers. A good example of such artists is Linda Ronstadt. The musician began her career by producing pop and rock music. She also “produced more opera and country music” (Castro 57). The musician eventually transitioned into her Latino musical roots. This move made it easier for the musician to produce various songs in different Mexican genres. Such “songs are known as mariachi music” (Castro 83). It is agreeable that many Latino musicians have gained their inspirations from this traditional musical heritage. This fact is agreeable because many Latino musicians cannot succeed without connecting with their people. The decision to use such traditional heritages makes it easier for them to explore the p
Patriarchy refers to gender inequality, whereby male dominance is realized in leadership both in government and in-home set up. Patriarchy was present, especially before the 1950s, when women were subjected to extreme discrimination. During the 1950s, sexism was greatly encouraged. It can be seen in the way mass media was organized at this period of time. Although, during World War II, women had obtained some rights and performed kinds of jobs previously held by men, however, they later went back to their initial state of being discriminated against. It happened because men came back from the war and therefore took back their roles in factories and public offices. The 1950s was the period of time in which America realized the prosperity of the manufacturing of home appliances such as washing machines, vacuum cleaners, cookers, and many others. Because these appliances were created as an effort to create a heaven for men to come to after work, women were, therefore, entirely featured in the media advertisements on these items. It is paramount to acknowledge that though most of these advertisements were connected with home-based items, some of them, on the other hand, was connected with items consumed mainly by men, and therefore, women were used as means of enhancing male dominance. Before World War II, women’s roles were entirely home-based. It meant that all other important issues, such as owning property or politics, were entirely left for men. Women were actually excluded from voting because it was believed that they would greatly influence society. During World War II, when men went to war, women took up positions in factories and other workplaces, and they became involved in nation-building. It was actually a very short period of time because as soon as the war was over, men came back to proclaim their positions; hence, women went back home. Although, they came back to homes and became involved in some traditional women’s issues. However, they became rebellious due to the fact that women experienced some sense of prosperity during the war, which they had not exp
Introduction I have a Bachelors’s Degree in Psychology and will be soon completing my Masters Degree in Psychology. I love working with young people and help them discover things both socially and academically. I have once worked as a mental health counselor and hence able to deal with almost any kind of individual and help them cope with their problems. In high school, there are students who are young adults and some of them are not even sure about what they want in life, so I want to use my experience and passion to help these students realize their potential and work hard to achieve their dreams. It is only through school that I will be able to guide and counsel these youth on the importance of morality and why they should be well-behaved. The other strong factor that makes me want to teach is my high school history teacher who made me love the teaching profession. There is nothing that I value as helping the country mold the young people develop into responsible citizens because it is these students that will take over the leadership of this country in the coming years. I always feel sad seeing many young people drop out of school because of not knowing the value of education. My friends and I therefore decided to launch a campaign of returning these children to school. We organized different interactive forums where all types of children would come and interact. So we could have time to talk to them about the importance of education and schooling. I find the school environment a very ideal place to handle the problem of students dropping out of school and truancy among our youth and as a teacher I find myself with the responsibility of doing exactly this. As a trained psychologist I am able to handle all the social issues among the students. The students at this level experience many sorts of bad treatment from their colleagues and I feel that I can help fight this out of school. Help and inspiration for victims I have volunteered my time as domestic violence and rape crisis counselor and I always feel proud whenever I give hope to a victim of domestic violence or rape. These are the two groups of people I sympathize with most. They have gone through very dehumanizing experiences and are now very hopeless. Making them come back to the normal life and go on wi
Abstract Handheld devices have proven to be vey vital for students in conducting their assignments and other academic works. These devices include smart phones, tablet computers, personal digital assistant, calculators, portable media player, digital cameras, barcode, and smart cards among a host of other devices. These devices perform various functions. The barcode and the digital cameras allow users to collect necessary data that would help in authenticating their arguments. The smart card and other related devices help in storage and transfer of collected data or the already analyzed data. Calculator and tablet computers are vital in the process of data analysis while portable media player is used in the presentation of the analyzed data. Students may find these devices appropriate as they facilitate ease in data transfer and data sharing. Through their use, students can easily collect data from the field, analyze the data and make an appropriate presentation of their academic work. However, handheld devices are not magic when it comes to doing assignments. They do not generate answers automatically as many would think of them. There must be an effort from the students and some level of intelligence in order to come out with a decent work that can earn some good marks. The research has it that these devices play a role in encouraging sharing of data in a way that leads to duplication of the students works. Because a student can easily access another’s work, they will fail to conduct their own research, waiting to lift that of a friend. This lowers quality of their work and their capability to cope with issues in the real world context. Introduction Introductions to the research Motivating learners and helping them to communicate and collaborate with others for learning purposes is one of the most important objectives in education (James and Pollard 2006, p.2). Recent technologies with different features and capabilities support this concern by offering effective ways of communication between teachers and students (Dawes cited in Bingimlas 2009, p.1). Mobile learning which has emerged as a result of this advancement contributes to this objective by facilitating learning activities for different learning styles and different learning institutions (Attewell 2005, p.8). Being more specific, it is the educational value of handheld devices which promote mobile learning (Economides and Nikolaou 2008, p. 2). Mobile learning with its dependence on advancement of current handheld devices represents a new stage of learning existing from electronic learning and traditional methods of learning (Bajpai 2011, p.1). Although there is a direct contact between teachers and students in traditional way of learning, it suffers from restricting students learning within the boundaries of the classroom. Students miss the course material and training if they do not attend the class (Georgiev, Georgieva and Smrikarov 2004, p.1). Thus, this kind of learning limits knowledge to the classroom where students are required to travel and be restricted with the c
Heritable traits that enable particular organisms to survive and reproduce successfully tend to become common in a population for generations to come. This happens in the process of natural selection: a process responsible for evolution. In natural selection, nature selects the ‘most’ fit organisms allowing them to reproduce successfully while eliminating the unfit organisms. As a result, the traits of these fit organisms become common over time in a given population while the traits of the unfit organism diminish in that particular population with time. Take for instance the dark and white peppered moth ( Biston betularia ). These months are in the same population, that is, an assembly of interbreeding organisms in a given species (Menton, 1991). Offsprings are not identical to their parents but are similar. This implies that every set of offspring has a given range of genetic variations. Since these offsprings interbreed, the successive offsprings have characteristics that their parents do not have (Harding, 1999). The trait under study here is color. White and dark moths came to being under these genetic variations. The population of these moths will have both dark and white moths at the starting point. After a long time, changes in the environment like the effects of industrial evolution catch up with this population exposing it to selective pressures. Selective pressure in this context refers to any cause that minimizes successful reproduction in some species in a given population. Industrial soot from industries covers trees and this offers the dark moths camouflage that enables them to evade predation from birds. The selective pressure in this population is predation from birds. Birds can only see and eat the white moths due to lack of camouflage. Consequently, the dark moths survive predation and increase in number as the white moths diminish under predation. These occurrences lead to differential r
In a free capital and labour market mobility of capital and labour is desirable in order for employment and capital to adjust favourably due to changing demand conditions. The cross border labour and capital flow in the long run and in the medium term within the European Union has been as a result of the speed at which the entire region has been progressing economically as well as the demand for migrants and capital. The continued economic growth and social development that has taken place over the past 10 years in many European countries has drastically reduced the number of people who have been crossing borders in search of jobs, good working terms such as higher wages, good infrastructure and business undertakings. Even without the full convergence of wages the social development and the broad based economic growth in most European Union countries has resulted into diminishing pressure of migration. The available data on migration across the 25 European Union countries has indicated that the overall number of people who have been crossing the borders has been low. (www.ecb.europa) In 2000 only 0.1 percent of the entire population which translates into 225000 of the total population in the European member states changed their official residence between any two member countries. In addition only 0.4 percent of the population in the European Union commutes across the member country’s borders to work. (Markey, 2007) Despite the legal provision of free movement of people between the members countries of the European Union there have been a recorded low numbers of migrants in the region. Several reasons have been cited that have resulted into low migration rates. The first is the existence of the administrative and legal barriers between the member countries, lack of familiarity with different languages within the region housing markets that are inefficient, moving costs, pensions rights limited portability, lack of transparency in the area associated with job openings and finally the lack of recognition especially to those who hold various educational professionalism. (Jacob, 2006) There are several economic reasons that have either hampered or necessitated the migration of citizens as well as capital within the region. Firstly, the costs of migration which encompasses the income losses in the process of migration, transport costs and also the psy