ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Traumas are inevitable aspects of life that cause post-traumatic stress disorder and some other related problems. PTSD is dangerous not only for people who experienced traumas. It also influences healthcare professionals who work with individuals diagnosed with PTSD. The diversity of situations that make people exposed to violence, aggression, and stress demands professionalism, flexibility, and empathy from professionals who help these people manage stress (Hecker, Fetz, Ainamani, & Elbert, 2015; Schubert, Schmidt, & Rosner, 2016). Constant involvement in traumatic situations negatively influences the professional quality of life and increases the risk of compassion fatigue, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress. Screening of professional quality of life and its analysis can be useful for the evaluation of a person’s condition and development of personal characteristics that can support compassion satisfaction and reduce the risk of burnout or secondary traumatic stress. Self-Reflection on Pro-QOL Screening Scores The scores of my Professional quality screening allowed me to evaluate my current condition as a professional. I believe that my compassion satisfaction is high. I am pleased with the opportunity to do my work responsibly and with determination. My cooperation with colleagues and our common efforts to help people make me feel worthy. Thus, I am satisfied with what I do, and my position is the one I need. The screening assessed my burnout as average. Burnout is one of the components of Compassion Fatigue. Despite the fact that I enjoy my job, sometimes when it is not possible to provide the necessary help, the feeling of hopelessness appears. I still believe that our efforts are significant, but during periods of high workload, I become worried that I am not as efficient as I could have been. As for the level of secondary traumatic distress, which is the second component of Compassion Fatigue, the screening showed it is low. It means that I am not likely to develop serious problems because of being exposed to other people’s traumas or stressful situations. It does not mean that I am not compassionate. Still, I can differentiate work issues with personal worries. Personal Risks for Burnout, Compassion Fatigue, and Secondary Traumatic Stress There are some personal risk factors that stimulate the development conditions of burnout, compassion fatigue, and secondary traumatic stress. They are related both to personal characteristics and daily activities of a person. For example, the research by Bride (2007) revealed the prevalence of secondary traumatic stress among social workers. They are involved in providing aid to people in critical situations, frequently victims of violence or natural disasters that are the causes of direct traumatic stress. Being compassionate with people in need of help, they are also exposed to traumatic and stressful experiences. Professionals who develop secondary stress disorder as a result of their activity observe such symptoms as an intrusion (intrusive thoughts, disturbing dreams about patients); avoidance (avoidance of patients
Introduction The international organization, popularly known as the IMF is an organization with 185 member countries and was primarily formed to promote international monetary cooperation, exchange stability, make financial arrangements, foster economic growth and to provide temporary financial assistance to countries to help ease balance of payments adjustment. The main functions include surveillance, economic assistance and technological assistance to meet the changing needs of its member countries in the changing world economy. The Article I in the Articles of Agreements of the IMF elucidates its purposes as to promote international monetary cooperation through a permanent institution which provides the machinery for consultation and collaboration on international monetary problems and to facilitate the expansion and balanced growth of international trade, and to contribute thereby to the promotion and maintenance of high levels of employment and real income and to the development of the productive resources of all members as primary objectives of economic policy. The Article also elaborates the purpose as to promote exchange stability, to maintain orderly exchange arrangements among members, and to avoid competitive exchange depreciation and to give confidence to members by making the general resources of the Fund temporarily available to them under adequate safeguards, thus providing them with opportunity to correct maladjustments in their balance of payments without resorting to measures destructive of national or international prosperity. The Fund is guided in all its policies and decisions by the purposes set forth in this Article I. The Main Functions of IMF Surveillance The IMF has been authorized to oversee the international monetary system and monitor the economic -financial policies of its 185 member countries to promote global economic stability through multilateral cooperation by active surveillance. This includes expert assessment of economic and financial developments, advice on risks to stability and policy adjustments. This is especially true in present-day global scenario where financial setbacks and economic policies of a country profoundly affect other countries as well. In fact the surveillance of IMF has evolved to an extent where there are country-specific surveillance programs that list the priority objectives in a member country that covers both operational objectives such as IMF exchange rate analysis and economic objectives such as the reduction of current global imbalances. Economic Assistance The IMF provides loans to countries experiencing balance of payments problems enabling these countries to rebuild their international reserves stabilizing their currencies. A member country can take IMF financial assistance if it has a need for balance of payments. A need for balance of payments is a situation where a country is unable to find sufficient financing on affordable terms to meet its net international payments. The IMF helps also the adjustment policies and reforms to correct its ba
As of now, the development of humankind has reached its highest point in terms of technological capacity and social awareness. Under these circumstances, a false sense of security may arise, supporting the perception of civilization as an eternal entity. More specifically, many experts and researchers state that it deems itself in control of the Earth with all its resources and natural phenomena. Nevertheless, the planet continues to remind us that there exist processes over which modern civilizations have little or no agency. Furthermore, while history is often presented as a chain of logical events, other researchers argue that it is, in fact, a seemingly ordered combination of chaotic occurrences. Archaeological findings often support the second point of view, showing how even the most advanced civilizations of their time perished in the face of irresistible forces. Such a perspective became central for The New York Times pieces titled “Is This the End?” In this article, James Atlas (2012) reflects upon the disastrous natural phenomena that shook humanity, starting from the 21 st century and delving deeper into history. In this context, the author refers to other seminal pieces, which share a similar perspective on the matter at hand. In other words, history is not a perfectly ordered sequence of logical events. On the contrary, these occurrences are usually chaotic, but humanity attributes a perceived meaning to them in retrospect. Atlas (2012) discusses the contemporary projects that serve to reduce nature’s impact on people’s lives, such as MOSE flood gates in Italy. Such initiatives emphasize humanity’s views of natural phenomena as a nuisance rather than a force to be reckoned with. The discussion presented within the article revolves around a central philosophical topic. This idea represents the ephemerality of human civilization, which is observed across the history of the world. As Atlas (2012) contemplates the existing monuments of the 20 th -21 st centuries, he writes about the great nations of the past, such as the Roman Empire, that never thought it would collapse in the way it did. Archaeological research shows the risks of such underestimations as experts investigate the failed societies of the past. For example, the Mayan nation was incredibly advanced for its period, building complex structures and fascinating monuments. However, as discussed by Diamond (2005), the lack of attention to natural resources and phenomena put an end to the great civilization. A similar scenario was discovered during the excavations on Easter Island. The Rapa Nui people managed to thrive in isolation in their remote part of the ocean, constructing monuments of unbelievable complexity. However, the internal discord within their enclosed community led to irrational use of limited resources combined with a ruthless feud. As a result, the once advanced civilization virtually ceased to exist. At any major stage of global development,
Terrorism According to the United States Code, terrorism refers to any form of unexpected violence perpetrated by a group of individuals to civilians or untrained citizens of a country for political reasons. The main features of terrorism are political intensions, non-militant targets and clandestine perpetrators. This exempts such forms of violence as kidnapping or bombing for personal reasons. The target of the malicious acts must ambush unexpectedly and the attack has nothing to do with the intentions of a whole state. The heat of terrorism became more pronounced after the attack on the World Trade centre and significant damage to the Pentagon on September 11, 2001. During this incident more than six thousand people lost their lives after hijacked commercials airplanes crashed into the two buildings (Ruby 10). Terrorism may not be the largest cause of deaths in the world today but it has continued to draw the greatest attention compared to all other forms of violence. For instance, the number of deaths due to car accidents in the year 2000 was approximately 42 thousand while that of brutal murders was about 15 thousand. These figures are more than thrice the number of deaths caused by terrorism. If this is the case, why is the war on terrorism given such a high priority? (Jones 265). In order to obtain relevant answers to the above questions we have to understand military, politi,cal, economic and social aspects of it. The media has also played a great role in the general perception of terrorism. Other wars such as the Vietnam conflicts are also, compared to terrorism in order to gain a deeper understanding of the current state of tourism. Military aspects Different nations react differently in regards to attacks. In the United States, after the September attack some essentials of the military gai,ned more relevance while others lost importance or are on the verge of losing it. According to professionals the war on terrorism by the militar,y is a mandatory intervention intended on eliminating or putting an end to it. However, it is a complicated and expensive undertaking. For a military intervention on terrorism to be successful, their targets should be articulately defined, efficient and swift. This is meant to reduce the destruction of the civilian population in the strike. The main duty of military intelligence is the collection of terrorist details including leaders, members, sycophants and the prevention of their activities. With current advances in technology, the intelligence agencies of various countries should work in harmony to ensure effective data swap (Ruby 12). This can later be combined with data collection and processing. After the collection of information, the data stored is followed by the evaluation and analysis process. In order to facilitate this, the United States government is developing the total information awareness. Terrorism causes alteration in the ordinary information in the ordinary military activities. These changes include the decisions on location of attacks, authorization of these attacks and acceptance of responsi
The United States of America is the most multinational country in the world and it has been this way for centuries. This country was founded and built by the immigrants. People of various backgrounds and cultures have created the American nation, diverse and complex. Yet, this nation has been constantly undergoing internal clashes and conflicts based on racial, ethnic and cultural differences of its versatile representatives. Starting with the most embarrassing pages of the American history compose of slavery, and moving to the Civil War, Jim Crow’s segregation laws, followed with race bus protests and resulting in desegregation, racism have been one of the most serious social and political issues of the United States. Years later, regardless of all the effort directed at overcoming it, the problem is still there. This paper argues that racial discrimination is deeply rooted in the modern people’s minds and will not disappear completely, yet there are ways to minimize it by means of identification and elimination of stereotypes, and promotion of equality and diversity in our society. Causes of Racism The United States of America was founded on the slave labor of African people. White Europeans came to this country escaping the brutal class division of the European states and immediately occupying a new, superior niche in racially divided American society (Nakagawa, 2013). During the beginning of colonization of North America when slave labor was widely employed, racial division of the society was supported on spiritual level. Religious leaders of that time maintained that the main difference between non-white and white people was that people of color had no souls and were pagans, some leader went even further and stated that Africans and the Indigenous people were not human at all (A History: The Construction of Race and Racism, n. d.). This was one of the first causes of racism in the USA. The following years of racial segregation when African American were still treated as others and had limited freedoms only strengthened the feeling of superiority of white people, while people of color were forced to believe that they generally were “worthless human beings”. As a result, racism became a two-sided phenomenon when both sides stereotyped each other as haters. Consequences Hate Crimes Unfortunately, hate is not just a stereotype, but a very real threat to the wellbeing of all Americans. The recent case of Charleston massacre when a 21-year old white American showed up in a church to shoot African Americans as people “taking over the country” is a sad evidence that racial hate is still active and has victims (Ellis, Payne, Perez, & Ford, 2015). To address this issue the American government enforces hate crime laws designed to impose serious p
In the modern world, enterprises have to be constantly changing and adjusting to new circumstances to stay competitive. As an employee of a health education awareness center, I am certain that my organization delivers utility to our clients. Yet, there is always room for improvement, and adding a new feature of personalized nutrition plans to the center’s services will help it become more relevant to the customer. The value proposition of the health education awareness center concerns assisting people in discovering ways that can contribute to their health and promote their well-being. Yet, the primary aspect of the center’s services lies in the fact that it provides general guidance. Nevertheless, the current trend observed by analysts across all markets is personalization which means that people are more willing to engage with products if they receive tailored experiences (Morgan, 2018). Providing customers of the center with a chance to get their personal diet plan reflects the aforementioned tendency and can potentially encourage people to espouse healthy nutrition. Research indicates that poor eating habits are among the key factors behind diet-related cancers and cardiometabolic conditions and (Bush et al., 2020). Thus, it is of great significance to help clients to understand the benefits of proper nutrition as a way to prevent diseases. Studies show that personalized nutrition advice, compared to generalized one, significantly improves dietary intake among adults (Jinnette et al., 2020). Such evidence demonstrates the value of tailored diets, and the health education awareness center can considerably increase the number of its clients by offering this unique service. Personalized nutrition plans can become a reasonable addition to the list of the health education awareness center’s services. Today, more people prefer to receive tailored experiences when interacting with products and brands, which has encouraged companies to move away from a generalized approach to clients. Personalized nutrition advice has been found to improve the eating habits of individuals, and featuring it as a service can help the center attract new clients.
Introduction This essay focuses on breach of data confidentiality as a potential source of problems in healthcare institutions. Ensuring data confidentiality in healthcare institutions is a form of creating accountability in care organizations (American College of Healthcare Executives, 2012). The paper looks at causes, consequences, and recommendations on effective management of data. Data confidentiality Poor handling of patients’ confidential data can cause serious problems in healthcare institutions. Therefore, preventing unauthorized access to and improper use of such data are mandatory parts of effective data governance in healthcare institutions. The goal of information confidentiality is to eliminate data security threats such as data loss and unauthorized access to, inappropriate use, and distribution of such data. This is a potential source of reputation and data privacy challenges in healthcare institutions. Causes and Prevention Healthcare institutions experience data confidentiality breach from unauthorized access, manipulation, usage, and distribution. Therefore, healthcare institutions must make sure that data are confidential by providing data security solutions that safeguard, restrict, and prevent unauthorized access to patients’ information. In addition, healthcare should stop any authorized access or use of such information using its internal structures for restrictions. Therefore, in order to ensure information confidentiality in healthcare institutions, there should be several measures to prevent confidentiality breach. First, healthcare institutions should use controlled access systems. This aims at preventing access to information by providing various access levels and authorization. Healthcare institutions should ensure that employees only get access to information relevant to their job categories. Second, healthcare institutions should have restrictions on gaining access to areas and systems with medical records of patients. Third, healthcare institutions should have identification and authentication procedures for their employees. This approach ensures that only people authorized to get access to data do so. It should also implement real-time identity procedures to ensure that only employees with authorization can get access to patients’ information. Four
Many versions of “Little Red Riding Hood” are known as oral and published folk tales. These versions are similar in relation to the motifs presented in the tale. Such motifs as the little girl’s journey in the woods, the villain’s intention to mislead the hero, and archetypes of mother and grandmother are presented in all versions of the tale. The other motifs are presented in nearly all versions. They are the motif of violating the warning, the motif of devouring the grandmother and girl, the motif of changing clothes, and the motif of the rescue. Still, the original version of the tale also included the idiosyncratic motifs of cannibalism and the threat of strangers. These motifs are reflected in Charles Perrault’s version of “Little Red Riding Hood”. The motif of a trick is also discussed in many versions of the tale with references to naïve Red Riding Hood’s questions about the grandmother’s appearance, with references to the Wolf’s changes of clothes, and with references to the girl’s ability to avoid the death in some versions. Several versions of the tale also differ in relation to details. Thus, the girl can wear the red hood or cap in various variants. Furthermore, Red Riding Hood can be sent to the grandmother with wine and cake or with several cakes and butter; or she can be sent to borrow a pan, as it is in the Italian version of the tale. Furthermore, the girl can be asked to bring some cakes back to the Wolf. In her turn, the grandmother can live in the woods or in the other vill
The current world market has been very competitive and grim. The automobile industry has not been left out of the current problem. With a huge decline in car sales and massive lay offs, the car industry has felt the pinch as much as everyone else. The Nissan –Renault alliance has also been hit. This alliance was formed in order to help sustain the competitive edge of these two companies. According to Kim and Massy-Beresford, (2009) “when the alliance was formed in 1999, Nissan was experiencing extreme financial difficulty and Renault offered the necessary capital to enable them to smoothly progress forward.” The areas of cooperation have increased over the years, with each firm gaining in terms of skill, technology and lower production costs, and as a result sky-rocketed to the top five international car makers (Alliance facts, 2009). The alliance between these two companies brought a wide brand variety. Alliance facts (2009) shows that “Nissan brought two brands: Nissan and Infiniti while Renault brought three brands: Renault, Samsung and Dacia. The merger was indeed a logistical success in that it enabled the companies to experience economies of scale when the market was good.” So how do the individual brands work out now that the financial forecast is grim? “The Infiniti brand is the luxury arm of Nissan” according to Revolution (2009). “This marque brand has done well, having overcome a poor start in the early 90s to pick up in the international market recording increased sales until the fatal financial crunch” (Edmunds, 2009). The synergy created between Nissan and Infiniti and later on the Nissan-Renault alliance stands to help this brand even in the current situation. Let us examine this using a SWOT model (see table 1). The alliance enables the brand gain strengths that it could not achieve on its own. “One of the major let-downs of this brand during its initial start was lack of advertising power” as cited by Edmunds (2009). The Nissan-Renault alliance offers the Infiniti brand more market recognition. David (1987, 3) agrees with this citing “the increased monopoly due to more market share and recognition as the causing factor.” Another strength that enables this brand to competitively stay afloat during this period is the technical expertise offered by this alliance. The alliance allows for consultation between the engineers of both Renault and Nissan, allowing the company to access a greater knowledge pool (Alliance facts, 2009). The result has been “a good reputation for quality and luxury that this brand now enjoys” (Edmunds, 2009). This recognition of quality has seen the introduction of the G35 and redesign of the Q45 that gave the brand a much needed car sale boost. However, the brand has a few weaknesses. Ratnam (2009) points out “the recent recall in 2008 of 4854 of its EX35 showed that the brand has not gained fault free production”. He adds that “these kinds of recalls affect the view of potential buyers, even in the future.” Another weakness is the inability of the brand to take full advantage of the newly created hybrid car segment (Nissan, 2009