ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction It has also been an opportunity for me to learn various issues surrounding the selection exercise. The selection process involves such issues as job application, short listings and interviews in order to settle down on the right candidate. There are various factors that are considered before settling down on the right candidate as we will see in the reflective essay below. The basic areas of concern during the selection exercise are the selection decisions, validity and reliability of short listing and interview practices as a component of the selection process. The selection exercise is mainly not a single individual’s task but it is rather an exercise carried out by a panel of professionals mainly the human resources managerial team. Decision making is therefore based upon some laid down policies which are agreed upon by the code of ethics or by the selection panel since depending on individuals’ responses may at times bring about contradictions. The selection panel must therefore carry out adequate prior preparation concerning the exercise whereby it is more appropriate to involve professionals in this field. This is because there are many trained professionals in this field and the selection criteria for various candidates are based upon closely related factors. However, different interviewers have different interviewing approaches thus though there might be structured approach of the selection process, the interviewee ought to be adequately prepared and flexible in order to convince each member of the panel that he is the best candidate (Hackney and Kleiner, 1994, p. 8). The selection exercise All human resource professionals appreciate the fact that attracting and retaining the best manpower for a specific job depends largely on the effectiveness of the recruitment, short listing, selection and interview criteria. These are the exercises that largely constitute the selection process. There are a number of factors that affect the effectiveness of these stages and hence the decisions regarding the “best applicant.” The success in every of the stages depends on both the job seeker and the employer through the human resource section (Buckley, Norris, and Wiese, 2000, p. 116). The first step in filling any vacant post is recruitment. It involves advertisement of the vacant post either internally, i.e. within the company or publicly, through the mass media. This step allows the qualified and the interested individuals to make application tow
Introduction In the 1950s and the 1960s a new form of jazz music was invented in Los Angeles. It was referred to as West Coast jazz and it primarily developed as a variation of cool jazz (a type of modern jazz that grew up during the Second World War period). The music was also seen as an evolution of bop jazz though it contained some aspects of swing that had overtime been discarded or summarily overlooked. Most of the recordings in the genre were characterized by a heavy arrangement of the music which usually came with a formal composition. However, there were experimental tracks that had success with audiences and which ended up being classified under West Coast jazz. This essay seeks to analyze the development of West Coast jazz as well as to evaluate the appropriateness of the names allotted to this genre of music. To this end various forms of literature, both electronic and print, shall be consulted in order to provide a proper scholarly background to the discussion. The evolution of jazz leading to the birth of West Coast jazz In the period following the end of WWII, jazz as an independent genre of music went through intense transformations. This went in tandem with the other socio-cultural changes, including the birth of the civil rights movement, that were taking place in the post-war era. Around this time jazz broke down into the bop, Hard Bop and Cool sub-genres [1] . Of even more importance is that with this split, jazz also acquired classification into two camps-the West Coast and the East Coast. Musicians from the two coastal camps also relied on two particular record labels-one from each camp-to do most of their tracks. The Los Angeles Pacific Jazz label handled the West Coast musicians while the Blue Note Records produced the East Coast jazz [2] . The West Coast jazz was mainly identified by a relaxing sound as compared to its Eastern counterpart which was faster and had more intensity. It had some kind of laid back swing touch to it and most of the followers of the style commonly referred to it as cool jazz. This sound was easy to the ears and it had the effect of giving the listener a relaxed feeling. The West Coast Sound was easily accessible to the public and as it received immense airplay in Los Angeles radio stations and clubs. Aside from the differences in sound between the West coast and the East Coast jazz, there were basic racial elements of distinction between the two sub-genres [3] . West Coast jazz was mainly Caucasian-led while the East Coast had a distinct African-American composition and following. Music by West Coast musicians such as Curtis Amy and Teddy Edwards had some a characteristic gospel touch whose origin could be traced all the way to Africa [4] . The entry of West Coast jazz into the music scene was not sudden. This is because it mainly stemmed and evolved from styles that h
Introduction Film adaptation refers to the representation of work of literature in a film. It is the interpretation of a source material such as a comic into a live film. The interpretation of comics can accurately depict the original work or detract from it, because, often, comics are “impossible to adapt outside the comics genre” (Lefèvre 2). Adaptations often face many challenges, which affect the authenticity of the films in representing the actual social and natural environment inherent in the comics. This paper, based on Hight’s arguments, analyzes the adaptations and interpretations of the original work in the film American Splendor and evaluates the artistic approaches taken by the directors in this film. Analysis of the Adaptation Adaptation involves sticking closely to the original work, altering the original work according to the film director’s intentions or developing a new theme that is different from the source material. Adapted works employ a number of film styles that help to bring out or extend the meaning as contained in the original work. Lefèvre outlines four problems associated with filmic adaptation: (1) the original comic texts may be tampered with when writing the script; (2) the page layout may not match the film screen; (3) the problem of converting drawings to photography; and (4) comics lack sound, which is present in films. Assessing these problems in the American Splendor will help compare this film to the original work. In this film, Pekar claims that “he did not actually read the script before filming commenced” (Hight 181) implying that he was not involved in the writing of the script. Individual artists usually write the comics themselves, as autobiographic comics tend to express individual perspectives of the author. Many film directors transpose the original works to ensure that the original text is followed as closely as possible. In this film, the failure to involve Pekar in script writing may have compromised the validity an
Tough and gruesome times caused by events happening around an individual’s life play a critical role in triggering emotions which can impact on the relationship that person has with others. Empirical-based research studies indicate that different individuals who have strong faith in God and also enjoy firm relationship with family and friends may lose faith in both God and mankind during trying moments. However, although relationships can be impacted upon by circumstances, strong family ties play an important role in holding individuals together as this paper examines from the relationship of Eliezer and his father. A respectful relationship The relationship Eliezer has with his father at the beginning of the story can be compared to the one he has with God soon after the tough experiences and problems at the Nazi concentration camps hits him (Spector 40). The author claims that even before going to the camps, there seems to be no cordial relationship between him and his father. This was due to the fact that his father seemed to care more about other people and issues and ignore his son Eliezer altogether. For instance, at the sighet ghetto, Eliezer had demonstrated positive attitude, passion and interest in studying mysticism. Therefore, he thought of seeking approval and mentorship role from his father who was at that time a respected member of their community and in good position to help him. Unfortunately, his father downplayed his request as a less important matter (Misco 11). Even though Eliezar’s father refuses to take the mentorship role over his son, his son still looks up to him, obey his will and regards him with utmost respect as his father and also due to his position in the Jewish community. In addition, he also respects his father because it was expected of him to do so according to the orthodox Jewish laws (Frunza 21). A caring relationship : Eliezer demonstrates his great care and willingness to protect his father from the uncertainties at the concentration camp. At Auschwitz Birkenau, Eliezer develops fear of being separated from his father whom he sees as helpless individual in need of support and care when men and women are separated (Hospital 360). Despite the weak bond he has with his father, Eliezer begins to feel that he would lose his father too. As a result, he is gripped with fear and develops a deep feeling of care and love for his father. When he is eventually separated from his father, the uncertainty of forthcoming experiences and need to protect his helpless father leads him towards guilt and resentment. When Eliezer is transferred to block 17 after he is separated from his father, he worries about his father’s well being and continues offering support (Jablon 320). They rely on each other for strength to live despite hardships, work and survival. On the other hand, Eliezer’s father also demonstrates great concern for his son. For instance, on the first night at Bikenau, a big fire pit is
Introduction Everyone, including companies have their rights and ethics. However, there are ethical standards that are universally accepted. The ethical standards of the rights depicted in this case vary widely. This is as a result of the way the rights are exercised and the overall outcome on the people. We discuss the rights ethical standards according to the issues arising from Phillip Morris’ case. Rights Ethical Standards To start with, the company is entitled to the freedom of speech. However, when a top company representative like William Campbell lies under oath; when he denied the addictive nature of nicotine and manipulation of its levels in cigarettes during production which are matters that the public need to be enlightened about and Waxman revealing the truth of a study he was involved in a long time ago (Stewart and Perske 1996); it clearly shows that the ethical standards of such a right are very low. Clearly, smoking is a major cause of lung cancer as evidenced by the studies conducted over time; but it is the company’s right to question the conclusiveness of the study. This questioning, coupled with claims by Brown and Williamson’s CEO that he doesn’t believe in nicotine being addictive (Alix, 1996) and that cigarette smoking is non-addictive and voluntary as argued by Phillip Morris company may be misleading to the public and it makes the ethics of such a right questionable, (Lauren, 1999). Addiction is evident in real life cases where quiting smoking even on medical grounds has proved almost impossible. Some smokers end up in rehabs to seek help to drop the vice. However, it is ethical for the company to claim protection by the law; for instance, when the courts of law cleared the company’s name on basis of claim that it had abided by the 1965 Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act. People may have the right to smoke whenever they want as the company claims. If for instance someone decides to smoke in a gathering, he is depriving the others around him of their right to fresh air, (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2006). Virtue Theory The virtue theory is mainly concerned with doing what is right not necessarily what is depicted in the law, (Hursthouse, 2010). The company’s activities may not be termed as ethical, accord
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is a federal healthcare agency in the USA. The agency’s mission is to protect the Americans’ public health by making sure that foods they consume are wholesome, properly labeled, safe, and sanitary (“FDA fundamentals,” 2018). Additionally, the FDA supervises human and veterinary vaccines’, drugs’, and medical devices’ safety and effectiveness (“FDA fundamentals,” 2018). The agency pursuits such goals as the protection of people from electronic goods’ radiation, monitoring tobacco products, and promoting public health by introducing innovative technologies and approaches. The agency operates in the fifty states, the District of Columbia, American Samoa, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, and the other U.S. The structure of the FDA is composed of the following branches:   * the Office of the Commissioner   * four directorates supervising the key functions of the agency:       + Medical Products and Tobacco;       + Foods and Veterinary Medicine;       + Global Regulatory Operations and Policy;       + Operations (“FDA fundamentals,” 2018). The day-to-day operations of the FDA are versatile and highly responsible. First of all, the agency controls over $2.6 trillion in the consumption of medical products, food, and tobacco. FDA-regulated products form nearly twenty cents of every dollar paid out by Americans (“Fact sheet,” 2019). Additionally, the FDA governs 77% of the country’s food supply, which encompasses all products except poultry, meat, and some egg foods (“Fact sheet,” 2019). The agency also controls prescription drugs that are in circulation. The number of such medicines exceeds 20,000 products, so the FDA takes care of their quality and issues approvals for their release to the markets. Another function of the agency presupposes controlling the quality of medical devices. More than 6,500 products in this category are under constant supervision of the agency (“Fact sheet,” 2019). The FDA takes care of the quality of animal drugs, the number of which reaches 1,600. Furthermore, the agency takes care of licensing various biologics products. Currently, there are nearly 400 such items (“Fact sheet,” 2019). Finally, the FDA constantly evaluates the estimated number of tobacco products for reliability and accuracy. At present, the number of such items exceeds 85,000 (“Fact sheet,” 2019). Therefore, the agency performs a variety of day-to-day operations, serv
Introduction Literature is one of the most popular and sought-after types of art, and there are many good reasons. Hundreds of years ago, writers raised works themes that are essential for human life and the functioning of society. Thus, even in the works of ancient Greek writers, modern readers can find thoughts relevant in the 21st century. One of the striking examples of works that touch on a topic that is vital for modern people is The Necklace by Guy de Maupassant. This story was written in the 19th century, but it remains relevant to this day. The situation described in this work seems possible now, and the main character is similar to many modern women. The main themes of this story are wealth, the pursuit of social status, and the illusions that people use to achieve them. After reading this work, readers can conclude that often people strive to create the appearance of wealth and prosperity by all means. However, first, these illusions are often based on lies and are easily revealed, and second, such behavior can often lead to harmful consequences and even destroy one’s life. Storyline The title of the work makes the reader understand that the main plot unfolds around one object: a necklace. The author describes the main character, Mathilde, and her husband. This family cannot be called rich, but Mathilde wants to feel her importance, so she lends her friend an expensive and beautiful necklace and goes to a secular meeting. There she feels successful and beautiful but later finds out that the jewelry is lost. She has to find a similar one and buy it for a vast amount of money to return it to her friend. These costs ruin the life of her family: most of their property goes to pay for the jewelry. Mathilde and her husband live in poverty, which affects not only external factors such as housing but also her character itself. Mathilde becomes “dull” and loses all her will to live. Having met her friend after many years, Mathilde finds out that the lost necklace was fake and cost much less than she put into it. The main character of the story Mathilde is a very bright character, endowed with clear and conspicuous features. Maupassant puts in her previously noted human vices: the desire for wealth and the will to show her social status. Undoubtedly, it is crucial for each person to feel significan
Hedwig and the Angry Inch is a movie directed by John Cameron Mitchell and screened in 2001. The plot follows Hedwig, the main character, through her life journey. The vital question that is a part of this artwork is the notion of love within the context of human relationships. This paper aims to compare Hedwig and the Angry Inch to Plato’s philosophic text Symposium and identify the meaning of love and human nature that is depicted in both works. Comparison The movie Hedwig and the Angry Inch depicts the life journey of Hedwig, a transgender from Germany. The character was born as Hansel Schmidt and underwent surgery to be together with the man she loved. The search for love presents one of the bases for the story as Hedwig. The theme is especially important due to the circumstances that surround the character – she is born in East Berlin and becomes a victim of an unsuccessful gender change operation. Nevertheless, her search for someone to love continues, which is a remarkable depiction of inner strength that Hedwig possesses. Hedwig found a way of expressing herself by creating a rock and roll band with her boyfriend, Tommy. He, however, left her and gained fame by using her lyrics without proper credit. Thus, Hedwig remains an unknown artist while Tommy enjoys the success that was facilitated by Hedwig. Despite this, she does not seize to enjoy her life, while eventually, she realizes that she does not need anyone else to be happy. The plot of the story is unique, while the character of Hedwig and her life story emphasize the difficulties that people can go through. The unusual nature of the film and the storyline enabled its popularity with several Broadway interpretations. The main character, Hedwig strives to find a person to fall in love with, as she believes that everyone is destined to find a soul mate. This viewpoint is present throughout the film, despite the difficulties and betrayals that she experiences. The aspect presents a remarkable understanding of the inner beliefs that the character has. Hedwig and the Angry Inch is connected to Plato’s work because one of the songs from this movie titled The Origins of Love was based on the philosopher’s text. More specifically, the ideas from Aristophanes’ speech are used in the text. This aspect provides a clear understanding of the connection between the two works and the central idea of them. In the speech, a myth about ancient people is told. According to it, two people used to be connected to each other and had two faces. The original text describes the phenomenon in this manner “the sexes were not two as they are now, but originally three in number; there was a man, woman, and the union of the two” (Plato 10). Plato’s work mentions androgynes when describing this event, which can be linked to t
The above essay appears in the “The Latin Deli: An Arcs Poetica” (Cofer 1) which is a celebrated work by the distinguished Puerto Rican author, Judith Ortiz Cofer. The critically acclaimed “ The Latin Deli ” is a collection of poems, short stories and essays and “ The Myth of the Latin Woman: I just met a girl named Maria ” (Cofer 1) is one of them. Judith Cofer touches upon a variety of themes in her essay. The present article, however, deals with one of its predominant themes- racism. Most of Cofer’s writings explore the racial differences faced by the immigrants in an alien world. Racism has often been defined as “… the belief or ideology that all members of each racial group po
In order to evaluate the mental state of the accused and make sure that his actions were not inflicted by the specifics of his condition and, thus, exhausting every possibility of finding the man unable to account for his actions, one will have to carry out an MSO test (McLaughlin & Kan, 2014). The specified research, however, will have to be supported by the presence of several members of the local community. Particularly, the presence of at least five independent psychological experts from local healthcare organizations will be required, as the specified group will help confirm the correctness of the test results or specify whether some of the results delivered may be defined as generalized (Davis, Lurigio, & Herman, 2013). Although the test is considered to be fairly self-sufficient and accurate, the presence of the group in question is essential to the approval of the test results. Seeing that it is a man’s life that is at stake in the case in point, it is crucial that every chance of identifying a possible mistake or miscalculation in the MSO test should be used. Thus, the threat of a mistrial can be minimized and the results acquired in the course of the test can be deemed as credible (Campbell, Patterson, & Fehler-Cabral, 2010). It should also be borne in mind that, by collaborating with the experts mentioned above, one will be able to identify the environment, in which Bill lives. Particularly, the factors that may have enhanced his mental condition may be identified with the help of the experts in question. Seeing that the specialists mentioned above have been addressing the needs of the members of the community for quite a while, it will be relatively easy to establish the background of the defendant (Johnson, Fessler, Wilhelm, & Stepensky, 2014). The significance of using the assistance of both psychologists and psychiatrists should also be brought up. Seeing that there is a strong need to identify not only the deviations in the defendant’s behavior but also the factors that may have affected the development of these deviations, the presence of both psychologists and psychiatrists is required. According to Gbadebo-Goyea et al. (2012), the significance of incorporating the opinions of both psychologists and psychiatrists is crucial to the accuracy of the data represented in the forensic analysis: “Collaborations between forensic psychiatrists and forensic psychologists can reduce potential compromise to the outcome of this case and maintain credibility in decision-making and discovery” (Gbadebo-Goyea et al., 2012, p. 1). By representing their opinions of the subject matter, psychiatrists will be able to provide a somatic basis for the conclusion, whereas their opponents will deliver psychology-based reasoning. Additionally, the above-mentioned group will help make sure that the outcomes