ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract In every organization, the relationships created during employment term can be either healthy or detrimental to corporate function. In fact, from the beginning, an employer or the firm sees an employee as an individual agreeing to the employment terms including work rates, commissions, salaries, and wages. Such employees can be grouped as either part time and casual workers or permanent and fixed term workers. Despite being grouped differently, these employees are entitled to certain rights in the course of their employment. However, this has not been case in most corporations. Among the employment rights that may improve the employees’ sense of belonging to the company are collective bargaining and right to join a union, amicable ways of solving work-related problems, and leave days. Other rights are holiday breaks, the least wage rates or payment, appropriate recruitment or hiring procedures, as well as minimum employment privileges. Offering these rights to the employees improve their sense of belonging to the company Introduction Most corporations tend to build effective employment associations with the employees. As a result, such corporations emerge very successful in the global arena. However, corporations that hardly tolerate employees to exercise their rights by discouraging employer and employees relationships have tremendously failed in their operations. Employees are the backbone of any company. Thus, any corporation that emphasizes healthy employment associations proves to be very successful. Study background and research problem From the global arena, it is apparent that some corporations have opted to create and uphold good-faith associations while others deem such relationships unnecessary. Research studies however show that
Abstract Human resource management plays a significant role in ensuring that a firm realized its mission, goals, and objectives. To determine the importance of HRM within the insurance industry, this paper specifically focused on the WellPoint, one of the leading health insurance companies in the United States of America. After critically analyzing the operations of the firm and supporting the findings with the arguments from the literature that was covered, it emerged that the WellPoint group takes into consideration several measures to ensure that its recruitment and selection process is effective and efficient. First, the company undertakes a rigorous procedure to ensure that the jobs that have been designed specifically meet the needs and requirements of the firm and its clientele and most importantly, the job description attracts only qualified candidates to apply for the posts. More stringent measures are also taken to ensure that the interviewing, selection, training, placement, and supervisory processes are conducted in a manner that is considered fair, transparent, and consistent with the values, rules, and regulations of the organization. These considerations not only ensure that WellPoint comprises of the most qualified personnel who make up its workforce but also increases their level of motivation and productivity hence ensuring that the firm stands at a competitive edge over its rivals in the short run and in the long run. Introduction In the contemporary world, the level of competition among firms has increased as a result of globalization and easily availability of resources that are required to sustain normal operations. Due to this fact, firms are under constant pressure of operating in a more effective and efficient manner to respond to market demands, changes in legislation and so on. In the health care industry, firms usually strive to provide demand driven care services (Dessler, 2003). It is the dream of every organization to achieve this goal. However, this can only be possible if the human resource management of a given organization is effective and efficient. According to Dessler (2003), the manner in which employees are managed, motivated, and rewarded plays a significant role in determining whether the services of an organization will be of a high quality or a low quality. Thus, human resource management (HRM) is an essential factor within the service industry where the experience of the clients is highly dependent on the experiences, attitudes, and perceptions of the employees. Human resource management is one of the key ar
Privatization is the process by which ownership of government-owned businesses or from the public sector is transferred to the private sector or private businesses. In a wider sense, it entails a transfer of any government utility to the private sector. There are three methods that governments use to privatize their functions. These methods include Share issue privatization, Asset sale privatization and Voucher privatization. Of the three methods, share issue privatization is the most common in the United Kingdom. Share issue privatization involves the selling of shares on the stock market. Share issue mostly widens and extends domestic capital markets, boosts liquidity and potentially economic growth and development within that economy especially in cases of large and well-developed capital markets. For underdeveloped market economies, privatization may be undesirable as it may prove difficult to get enough buyers and hence transaction costs tend to be higher. For developed countries or economies like the United Kingdom, government listing in the stock exchange markets is usually a success. Asset privatization involves the selling of the entire business to the public. This form of privatization is more common in developing economies due to the lack of enough buyers in case of share issue privatization coupled with higher political and currency risk which discourage foreign investors (Dagdeviren 2006). Voucher privatization is widely used in transition economies of Central and Eastern European countries which include Russia, Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Of the three methods of privatization, the United Kingdom employs the share issue and the asset sale privatization methods. These methods yield maximum revenues to the government because the bidders compete to offer the government the highest price possible hence generating higher revenues to the government. Voucher privatization consequently, is usually a genuine return from the government assets in the private hands into the general public. This creates a true sense to the public regarding their contribution and inclusion into government income-generating programs. Despite the numerous benefits associated with privatization, some conditions make privatization lead to technical and locative inefficiency. In both developed and developing countries. Pr
An audit committee is established in a company through the board of directors and is charged with the supervision of financial disclosure. The enactment of the Sarbanes–Oxley act of 2002 strengthened the role of audit committees in a bid to monitor publicly owned organizations so that they can be prevented from squandering money. The audit committees act as the watchdogs that evaluate the financial records presented by organizations to verify if they are correct and genuine. This paper will highlight the various roles played by audit committees in enhancing the quality of financial reporting and disclosure. Without a supervising body, public organizations can lose huge amounts of money through white-collar crimes. This is because organizations are able to combine their activities and thus cover their tracks so that they cannot be discovered. The audit committees are usually made up of professionals who do not work in the organizations that they are supposed to supervise. This goes a long way in preventing them from having any vested interests in their place of operation (Abbot & Parker 48). The committees are very influential because they are the ones that vet the external auditors that are contracted by public companies. This in itself is very important because if the public organizations were left to choose external auditors on their own, they would go for the ones whom they know can cover their tracks on their behalf. The committee has a mandate to monitor the operations of the internal auditors so that they can compare the work done by external independent auditors against the work done by internal auditors. The external auditors are under obligation to forward their findings concerning any form of squandering money in the organization they are currently working with to the audit committee so that legal action can be taken against the personnel that is found guilty of the offence. Investigations are supposed to commence once the external auditor has forwarded the report to the committee. The external auditor cannot be terminated or swapped with another without the authority of the committee. This is because it is known that managers and other senior personnel can swap auditors if they were allowed, and thus bring the ones that are willing to assist them to cover their tracks. This is why it is a requirement for public organizations to get authorization from the committee before they swap external auditors. Glaum and Street explain that the role of external auditors is to analyze the financial records they are assigned to and forward their findings to the audit committees (78). The audit committees enhance the accuracy of financial records by shielding external auditors from being manipulated by anyone on what to report about their clients. The analysis of financial records is usually carried out quarterly. The internal controls are also subjected to supervision by audit committees. The committee ensures that the internal controls adhere to the principles of accounting. In most organizations committ
When managing the lifetime of material, reliability design is a sub-discipline of process engineering that emphasizes the importance of dependability. Therefore, reliability defines the ability of a system or component to work properly under specified circumstances over a certain amount of time. Reliability is closely connected to dependability, which is often described as a component or process’s capacity to perform at a certain time or time interval throughout a period. The probability of performance is the abstract notion behind Reliability concept’s abstract idea (Slivinski et al., 2019). Quality, testability, repairability, and advancement are all often referred to as reliability technology. The reliability of components greatly influences the cost-effectiveness of a system. For instance, when vehicles break less often, their resale value is greater. At the highest levels of “lifetime” systems, reliability technology has difficulty anticipating, preventing, and managing the complexity and danger of failure that might occur. “Margin” reliability is characterized by developing highly particular strength margins (force, chemical, and electrical) and then designing to those margins. The product’s toughness must be reduced if it is lightweight, inexpensive to make, and effective. There is little room for error in the manufacturing process. The consumer has to know exactly how the product will be used and how it will benefit them. In addition to defining particular environmental variables, life expectancy forecasts must be based on specified instances. The focus on quantification and the selection of objectives indicates a limitation to good performance; nevertheless, there is no intrinsic limit. The development of better value does not have to be more expensive than the creation of lower quality. On the other hand, they assert that predicting performance using past data may be quite wrong, with only acceptable correlations between identical models, items, manufacturing processes, and maintenance under equal operating loads and circumstances of usage being discovered (Slivinski et al., 2019). Furthermore, even modest adjustments to any of these variables might have a major influence on performance. Consequently, as historical information is collected, the most erroneous and substantial things are quite highly probable to be modified and re-engineered, making the conventional statistical procedures and strategies used in, for example, the healthcare or insurance markets less effective. The chance failure phase is primarily concerned with the occurrence of random failures in the product. The most common cause for this type of failure is that the consumers are not utilizing the device by the manufacturer’s instructions for usage (Zidi et al., 2017). As a consequence of the overworked situation, the gadget fails as a result of its overworked state. Consequently, the following are some of the most typical causes for the possible failure of a product:  1. Overusing the product: when a product is overused, there are high chances of running into a failure. This may be a result of
Our grasp of human genetic systems has been greatly improved over the past decade. This advancement has been facilitated by the completion of sequencing which has nonetheless done little to unfold the main reasons behind the great diversity of species living across the world, including animal population and the environment at large. In this paper, we are going to explore several reasons that could lead to such diversity in flora and fauna of our planet, those are Evolution, Natural selection, Genetic drift, Mutation and Migration. Evolutionary change is based on the doctrine of natural selection which we refer to as the unifying brainchild of life. The occurrence of natural selection is hinged on the hypothesis that offspring inherit their characteristics from their parents in the form of genes and that members of any particular population must have some inconsiderable disparity between them. For example, height, rate of egg production, the shape of the beak and any other traits that affect survival within a specific habitat. Natural selection is also based on the belief that within a given locality, parents tend to produce more progeny that can go all the way to reproductive age. As a result of this, organisms must compete for mates, food and any other factors that positively contribute to their existence. Natural selection has culminated into biological inventions, such as existence of insects that are resistant to pesticides and bacteria that are resistant to antibacterial drugs. It is for this logic that patients are encouraged to take an entire dose of antibacterial prescription. The habitual misunderstanding about natural selection is that it favors some species. However, this is undistinguished because survival is for the fittest as established by Charles Darwin. A gene is the element responsible for the observable traits of an organism. Genes ordinarily come in pairs just as described by Gregor Mendel, father of genetics. Examples of phenotypes that come about due to gene pairs are round seeds and wrinkled seeds. As much as the events resulting from natural selection and genetic drift show that none of them can be more pronounced than the other, the two go hand in hand. Genetic drift is the ethic behind the difference of the offspring from the same parents. It comes about due to distinct levels of genetic frequencies expressed within the individual offspring. Apart from natural selection and genetic drift, the failure to repair damaged DNA and RNA of an organism also lead to disparity within the environment. DNA and RNA damages come about due to the change in the nuclear sequence of a genome of any particular organism. The change in nuclear sequence is also known as mutation. Within a gene, mutations can have a limited effect, change the product of the gene or inhibit the gene from
In the course of the preparation for the analysis of modern educational media resources, the sites listed below have been visited for an evaluation as a possible tool for teaching young learners. Of all the simulations and games suggested, two were chosen for educating elementary students about mathematics and physics. Most of the sites listed below were rejected because of the lack of focus in the activities suggested and certain vagueness, which could be the source of misunderstanding among young learners. Simulations Science games : Web. The site provides a plethora of games, each introducing a specific scientific concept. Science simulations : Web. The site helps get a basic idea about physics and Newton’s laws of motion. Physics simulations: Web. A perfect simulation game, this site helps young learners gain a basic idea about the physical interaction of various objects. Telescope : Web. The site is perfect for learning astronomy, i.e., the location of stars, planets, and galaxies. The existing options allow for making the experience as realistic as possible. Microscope: Web. The site allows for understanding how a real microscope works.. It helps students train before using an actual microscope in a school setting. Earth : Web. A basic Google feature, the application in question is rather a means to locate a certain area than to educate students. Body : Web. The site allows for learning about human anatomy and locating the key body organs. Science Games Early age : Web. The site provides a catalog of games on various topics (science, language, history, etc.) for young learners. Duckie Deck: Web. The site offers a video demonstration of a classic game turned into an application. Mathematics video and assessment : Web. Mathematics interactive: Web. The site offers its visitors an opportunity to get a general idea of planimetry. WireStorm: Web. A rather simple game, WireStorm trains the students’ ability to think logically. The game itself, however, has little to do with science in general and mathematics or physics in particular. Digital game-based learning with interactive fiction : Web. The idea of using interactive fiction as the means to enhance students’ sense of language is very app
Progressive Reform and Reformers The era between the late 19 th and early 20 th century represents one unique period In America characterized by industrialization. This sparked urban migration evident by the growing population that thronged the cities. To this effect, many urban problems arose that touched on social-economical and political aspects. To say the least, the urban dwellers lived in dilapidated conditions characterized by hygiene-based malady e.g. cholera and typhoid. Besides, the crime levels and insecurity were common places, the factory working conditions left much to be desired, the level of corruption was high, and the degree of gender imbalance was overwhelming. Efforts to reverse these precarious conditions occurred spontaneously with reformist groups emerging across the board. The reformists under the umbrella ‘Progressive Movement’ called on for changes in the entire nation, and at all levels from the national government. Principally, the reforms were fronted along several avenues including Christianity, socialistic, and civic education approaches. Lead by Theodore Roosevelt, the efforts of proponents and pioneers of the ‘Progressive Movement’ eventuated in the amendment of four constitutional clauses (16 th and 19 th ) encompassing “the federal income tax, direct election of Senators, prohibition, and woman suffrage” (Deloria and Salisbury 103). In a synopsis, to Americans, my view on making reforms a national necessity impacted positively in that it improved the peoples’ livelihood (Foner 80). Student Response In my view, my response toward the student’s write-up with regard to the problems faced by the Americans then (the 1890s and 1910s) is consistent with mine in every sense. Basically, the student touched on
Introduction Art and music are interrelated and mutually contribute to the development of each other. The current paper is concerned with investigation of this interrelation through the perspective of musical and artistic life in Paris between 1830 and 1850. The focus of the paper will be personal and professional lives of the prominent artists and musicians who contributed heavily to the development of the musical and artistic tradition of Paris in the period described. Namely, we will consider the lives and works of the pianist composers Frederick Chopin and Franz Liszt, the writers George Sand, Ivan Turgenev, Alfred de Musset and Prosper Merimée and the painter Eugéne Delacroix. The paper seeks to discover the common characteristics among these figures and their artistic productions and to illustrate the fact that the relation between these musical and artistic geniuses was important for the development of art and music of the period. Main body To characterize Paris of the 1830 we should say that it was the cultural capital that even London could not surpass in its magnificence. Paris was alive with activity; social awareness was more and more commonly reflected in arts. Hugo’s Les Miserables (1862) presented the reality of the times described: prostitution and gambling, cholera epidemics, aspiration of its inhabitants for social equality – these were the conditions under which performers created. Still, art flourished, Heinrich Heine remarked that “Paris is a city drowned in music.” (Bernardi et al, 2004) During 1830-1850 Paris was the place where the artists and musicians realized their importance on the global arena. Richard Wagner called this period “the culminating point of musical life” (Bernardi et al, 2004). These were both talent and financial pressure that enhanced the development of music and arts. Another important feature of the life of the capital was piano manufacturers. Piano became a symbol of the elite. The city was sometimes referred to as Pianopolis (Bernardi et al, 2004). Considering the major evens in the lives of the two great composers of the time described, Franz Liszt’s and Frederic Chopin’s we observe that their lives crossed each other, each of the composer had a significant impact on the artistic development of the country as a whole and on a fellow composer, in particular. Chopin and Liszt started their professional careers in Paris
Introduction The empirical research study by Frow, Ngo, and Payne (2014) proposed modification of the supplementary services model. The proposal incorporates the critical elements of sustainability and social responsibility which have become significant elements in the last two decades. Besides, the modified model suggests alternation of the elements of safekeeping and order-taking with customer care and order processing (Frow, Ngo, & Payne 2014). This paper explores the impacts of the revised model on my insights on the Flower of Service model. The revised model and insights on the Flower of Service Basically, the supplementary services system is a complex network comprising of sellers, buyers, and other players. The system includes direct players such as the consumers and producers, suppliers, independent entities such as business associations or regulatory agencies. Anderson and Narus (1995) state that “in order to build a strong marketing system, it is necessary to ensure that the ‘build it and they will come’ model is insufficient to draw consumers” (Anderson & Narus 1995, p. 79). Companies may have great content, dynamic, and attractive products, but the customer may not be aware of th