ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Marketing entails a process by means of which product and consumer are bridged. The actual process of delivering goods and services to consumers involves production, representation, and consumption stages. It is important to know that marketing strategies depend largely on the type of products to be promoted to the market (Keller 2008). In this respect, marketing a horticultural product, which has always been considered a commodity, involves a number of undercurrents that are different from those presented in marketing Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG products). The major difference in marketing techniques lies in the connection between the production and consumption processes, competition, and the actual production process. Thus, horticultural products should undergo a number of complex production stages before they will be delivered. Unlike the production of FMCGs, the horticultural goods depend largely on place of production and, as a result, the terms of delivery would affect the cost-effectiveness of the product. Along with the marketing process, branding a horticultural commodity is less popular as compared to general industrial goods. In this respect, branding horticultural product would imply emphasizing the exceptional quality of production and representation. Marketing Horticultural Products vs. FMCG Products: Major Differences At a glance, the production and marketing of horticultural products and FMCGs seem to be similar in terms of delivery, place of distribution, and pricing. Both categories of products belong to non-durable type and, therefore, it is important for the producers to ensure quick marketing and sale of products. In addition, both types of goods are delivered to retail market; they should be sold within a short period of time. However, the character of distribution, terms of production and transportation still differ significantly because horticultural goods involve perishable fruits and vegetables whereas FMCG products consist of products that undergo industrial processes. According to Bond et al. (2006), marketing of fresh produce is more associated with the development of supply chain that would ensure direct delivery of products to the markets. In this respect, the successful marketing and distribution will depend on efficient development of local food systems. Unlike fresh production, fast-moving products are less dependent on location and transportation because their production process can be easily established near the place of its distribution (Rao 2001). Thus, the main condition here is to ensure quick allocation of products, as well as meeting the consumer demands. Distributed in small quantities, it is important for the manufacturers to define the right market segment. The key success of distributing fresh product is emphasizing the quality of the product de
Mobile EMR Platform During various levels and the scope of their practice, informatics nurses often operate at the intersection of medical service provision, information science and technology, and analytical sciences. Jawhari et al. (2016) indicated that health informatics nurses consistently need to operate on the fringes of both medicine and health information systems. They have to liaise with other specialists, and coordinating quality healthcare delivery to patients, thereby ensuring that positive patient outcomes are attained. Given the crucial, cross-disciplinary nature of the role of nurse informaticists, it is increasingly apparent that any implementation of healthcare information systems on the site would – and should – consider the integration and support of these individuals. Kleib et al. (2021) highlight that one of the critical dimensions of nurse informaticists is selecting, adopting, and evaluating information technologies within a healthcare setting. This specific role has direct ramifications to providing safe, viable, patient-centered, and high-quality healthcare delivery, which is innately the calling of all nurses. Project Description This project aims to assess and eventually implement a mobile electronic medical records (EMR) system in the hospital. As a tertiary care facility, it is increasingly essential to ensure that patients’ records are duly recorded, easily transmittable, and accessible to various specialists. In addition, the number of referrals often present before a patient is admitted in the facility from primary and secondary care facilities. However, current EMR systems, despite being robust, lack the versatility and mobility to ensure the efficient transmission of patient records and intervention procedures to required specialists in real-time. This latency, in turn, compromises the efficient monitoring of the patient, the administration of life-saving interventions, and consequently, efficient patient care delivery and outcomes. The mobile EMR system would be adopted to leverage the extensive growth of mobile technology, where the capabilities of these systems have been significantly improved. McGonigle and Mastrian (2017) allude to this fact by indicating that the sophistication of computing technologies has evolved and continues to evolve, at near-exponential speeds, with the implementation of user-friendly aspects of this technology being developed at a concurrent pace. Therefore, hardware and software capabilities are being consistently designed to seamlessly blend and result in intuitive and user-friendly tools that individuals can use effectively at all competency levels (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2017). This realization provides two significant implications to health care delivery. First, the pace of technology development mandates that extant technologies are quickly becoming redundant, obsolete, or ineffective. Secondly, there are almost always available, cost-friendly technological implements to be applied in healthcare. These are the implications on which this project is designed upon. While the current EMR system is sufficiently robust and reliable
The provision of interpersonal managerial communication skills is based on the theories of how to make it with more efficiency and success for the parties involved in the process. The scheme of management communication presupposes the use of current theoretical and practical mechanisms in order to drive the policy of an organization in terms of supposed benefits. The way a person or an organization of people achieves goals determines the time and efforts being spent on it. In this respect, the discussion in the paper touches upon three theories of management, namely: the scientific management school, the human behavior school, and the integrated perspectives school. The introduction of each theory will then make the possible promotion of suggestions for the education board in terms of other two theories, Maslow’s Motivational approach, and Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory. It is necessary to mention that the analysis of all theories can be helpful to provide an opportunity to apply them in practice. All in all, motivation in the workplace is the best stimulus for efficiency and productivity. Correct work of management team is apt to make an organization improved and successful. The scientific management school theory by Fredric Taylor is usable in today’s management, particularly, in the sphere of education, because the theory urges to implement methods and experiences known for science (Shockley-Zalabak, 2008). The scientific basis of the approach is at the core of the theory, because as Slack et al (2007) note: “Workers should be selected, trained and developed methodically to perform their tasks” (261). Thus a pure science should be presented in the approaches toward decision-making issues. Another aspect of the discussion touches upon the human behavior school, where the behavior of human beings is analyzed as one of the impulses for efficient productivity within a work process. Thus, theorists are intended to think that workers should be rightly directed in their behavior toward work and goals which are predominant for it. Thereupon, the desires and motivations of individuals participating or cooperating in groups should be considered as means of productivity for an organization (Shockley-Zalabak, 2008). Such an idea is developed in a bilateral attitude because there are still doubts whether this approach is not a ground for diminishin
The Hunger Games is a trilogy authored by Suzanne Collins. The author gives a story of a woman who aims at achieving the ultimate prize. The film director, Gary Ross, presents the contents of the book in a film in concise way. Even though some contents are left out, the book presents the ideas of the author in a simple way. In other words, he simplifies the concepts that are unclear in the book. A number of differences between the book and the movie exit. A brief analysis of the interview that covers Seneca Crane’s work on the seventy-fourth general meeting of the Hunger games helps in developing a notion of a moving environment outside Katniss’ personal feelings. This brings on board the capitol and other key players. In the book, District 12 has the right to look after its own affairs. This is not clearly illustrated in the movie as less time is shared with people who live there. The film does not show the family of Gale and at the same time, Peeta’s father is not shown. This is in spite of the fact that the family relationship between Gale and Katniss is important. This eventually makes it difficult to expose the family ties of Katniss (Collins 37). Whereas the book illustrates that Katniss is not given the mocking jay pin as a token of appreciation for her tribute to Rue, the movie is different. The relationship between the two sisters is evident when Katniss gives the icon to Prim before her departure. She had bought the pin at the Hob. She also explains how protective the pin would be to her sister. As much as Peeta is emotionally attached to Katniss, the book develops a balanced strategy between his intellect and prowess. Peeta is willing to do all he can to protect Katniss. The movie portrays Peeta as an individual who does not have the mechanism for personal survival. The time spent by Katniss while in the woods is not given sufficient coverage in the movie. This means that the movie fails to illustrate her fighting spirit the way it is presented in the novel. Compared to the book, the movie covers Seneca and President Snaw in a better way. The capacity they have concerning what they are capable of doing, as well as showing how life is full of up hills, are some of the issues the movie covers properly (Collins 78). In an attempt to set the stage for subsequent scenes, District 2 goes against the wishes of Rue yet it is expected that she will
In the light of the globalization, the problem of corporate responsibility and ethics in a business problems have come to the fore. In order to promote corporate responsibility in a business balance, it is necessary to strike the balance between compliance-based and integrity-driven approaches. In particular, managers should pay attention to the way employees adhere to legal standards; yet, understanding the value of integrated approaches to accomplishing organization objective is important as well. With regard to the cases under analysis, the strict emphasis should be placed on the role of utilitarianism viewpoint as the foundational principles in considering conflicting situations. Implementing compliance or ethics programs does not directly relate to the ethical dilemmas that occur in the workplace. In fact, the actual reasons for emerging conflicts consist in manager’s ability to shape organization vision, mission, and codes of conduct. As a prove Payne states, “…organizational ethics means more than avoiding illegal practice” (106). Therefore, Apple’s case of launching new products is justified from utilitarian perspective because the outcomes of their actions are more reasonable than original intent. From an ethical perspective, mitigating $ 200 decrease seems to be approved because the company strived to avoid decline in sales and profitability. Besides, boosting the capacity of other products has also allowed the organization to sustain normal development and motivate employees to work efficiently. Once again, utilitarian perspective approves the decision made by the managers because it does not do any harm both to the buyers and to the employees. Therefore, introducing decrease in price can only attract more customers and increase the popularity of the new model. The moral worth of the case is more focused on the outcomes rather than on the initial purposes. While applying utilitarian point of view, Apple’s actions could be ethically justified because the new product has been launched for maximizing the utility of the old model. On the one hand, launching a new model in half a year is an ordinary process in a rapidly developing technological world. Therefore, a price increase for the products could not be regarded as an ethical dilemma because experienced customers should be aware of the paces of the product development and could have waited for the new model to appear. On the other hand, Apple could immediately present a discount on iPhone 5 model, or provide a beneficial offer. For instance, a $ 200 rebate on old models can be established, which is a good substitution for $ 200 increase for the development
Introduction A growing population will generally put pressure on the available resources. These resources include land, social infrastructure and even employment. As a result the expansion of these resources and addition of new ones will be called for and this will in return have a negative impact on the environment as the natural ecosystem will be tampered with as people try to get land and building materials for these expansions. The environmental impact is even worse when the population involved cannot afford the basic services that help minimize the effect of such human activities. This is the scenario when the rate of rural to urban migration is so high that the resources available in urban centers cannot cater for the fast-growing urban population. In this essay, the causes and impact on the environment and the human population will be discussed. The question of who is vulnerable and why will also be answered. Over the years, urban centers have played a major role in provision of employment, shelter and better social facilities such as heath care facilities, schools and cultural centers. Opportunities for income generation as well as centers for technological development are better founded in urban centers. These together with other factors such as; the high rate of population growth, conflict, exhaustion of natural resources and land degradation particularly in the third world have led to an extremely high rate of rural to urban migration (UNEP 2000). This migration exerts pressure on the available resources such as housing facilities, hospitals, schools and other social facilities, leading to increased unemployment, environmental degradation and lack of basic services (UNCHS 2001b).This calls for expansion to cater for the growing population which is a major challenge due to the high urban population growth rate. A larger portion of the urban population lives in dire poverty. This group of people lacks the ability to compete for the limited resources and due to the state of living they cannot even protect themselves from natural or human climatic hazards. The housing market fails to incorporate the poor in their housing plan (UNCHS 2001a); the provisions are mainly for the top and middle class earners hence making the situation even worse. The mismatch between income and cost of housing for the low-income earners has forced poverty to be localized in some locations where it is affordable. Quite often these settlements are informal, situated in the outskirts of major towns and cities or in marginalized land within cities. In most cases these areas are at a higher risk of natural disasters such as floods, landslides and earthquakes. This means that the poor are more vulnerable to such calamities. In the event that a natural disaster strikes, there is no way to escape because they lack the means. Hazards such as floods can be reduced by proper drainage systems which are not available in these settlements. These settlements lack basic services like sanitation and clean water supply and the effect is higher risk of infection and disease outbreaks. Dense population pattern also increases thes
Introduction There is extensive research on the impact of effective compensation strategies on employees’ motivation and performance. Researchers have considered a variety of options including monetary compensation as well as non-material awards. It has been acknowledged that rewarding employees for good work has a positive effect on their performance as well as performance of the entire company. Those who have been compensated for their work are more motivated and are ready to work harder and achieve goals in a more effective way. However, companies seem to ignore such findings and tend to pay only fixed salaries without taking into account employees’ performance, commitment and effort. This is especially true during financial constraints and the period of recession. Nonetheless, employees should be compensated for good work as this makes them more motivated to perform better, which, in its turn, contributes to the overall performance of the company. Effectiveness of Monetary Rewards Arguments of the Supporters of the Statement As has been mentioned above, data of numerous researches suggest that monetary reward plays an important role in development of employees’ motivation. Rynes, Gerhart and Minette (2004) stress that monetary compensation play central role in employees’ development. The researchers point out a number of reasons for the core role of payment. Hence, the researchers refer to Maslow’s ‘low-order’ needs and emphasize that obtaining extra payment enables employees to buy various things they need (e.g. food, devices, vehicles, etc.) (Rynes, Gerhart & Minette, 2004). Clearly, salary is one of the
The great American scandal devoted to the Clinton-Lewinsky saga caused a lot of debates and misunderstandings among the press, the members of the White House, and ordinary people. The case under analysis appeared to be one of the most striking in the sphere of politics and presidency. Though Americans are not completely satisfied with the modern press, they always require some fresh information to be involved in the life of the whole country. The sex affair mentioned above resulted in a renewed interest of the population in the papers, though not always a positive one. The question of the media’s place in the life of the public and influence on common opinion was faced by all the press representatives at the time of Lewinski’s story distribution. Reporters express a different view on the problem. According to Sherry Ricciardi, the American reporter, the Clinton-Lewinski sex scandal can be compared with the explosion among the press and resulted in great demand for information. The journalist raised the problem of media distrust. This so-called soap opera was very important for the people though they were not involved in it. The polling carried out showed that about 69% of the population never considered the scandal to be true, and only about 9% trusted the reporters. The story attracted a great number of people in Washington, where more than 73% believed the press. The story of Lewinski was followed almost by everyone; people expressed their attitudes and opinions towards the political tension. The representatives of the media were concerned about the possible negative perception of the press; the public considered that the accuracy of the press was ruined because of the constant competition between certain editions. Though the rate of criticism among the population was constantly increasing the reporters tried to ignore it and continued to develop the story of the Clinton-Lewinski saga. A political science professor Arthur Miller wrote a lot of detailed facts devoted to the problem. He tried to explain that the Lewinski scandal united the political and social life of the country and caused serious contradictions between them. The public seemed to lose their complete confidence in the politicians and their activities. Miller managed to prove that distrust of political leaders is caused by their immoral behavior. The scandal was pronounced to be public and open to any discussions. The sex affair was a background for the majority of polls which were devoted to Clinton as a personality and a political leader. Politicians and members of the White House in their turn were also questioned and, according to the results of the voting, Clinton was recognized as an immoral and weak leader. The majority of politicians’ votes showed that this affair broke Clinton’s reputation and resulted in complete distrust of him. To support the facts o
In the book Dark Days, Bright lights: From Black Power to Barak Obama by Peniel Joseph, uncovers what most people had not seen from a historical point of view. Peniel (2010) examines how President Baraka Obama rose to power and became president of the US. The author views Obama’s successful ascend to power as result of activism by black males. Throughout, the authors talks about three men namely: Malcolm X, Stokely Carmichael, and Baraka Hussein Obama (Penile 2010, 26). The author provides a background of Barak Hussein Obama who was abandoned by his father, raised by a single mother, and later sent to live with his grandmother. In fact, Baraka Hussein Obama was among the first men to benefit from Black power activism (Peniel 2010, 23 ) . This book shows the contribution made by male gender towards attaining democracy in the United States. The first chapter of the book dubbed “Re-imagining Black power movement” looks at Obama’s rise to power as a defining moment in the US. Obama’s rise to presidency paves way to multiculturalism and diversity in the US. Penile (2010) explains that Obama is a son to a Kenyan immigrant and a European descendant; he has an Asian sister, two black daughters and a white grandmother. Considering that Obama has relatives with different culture, this notion brings mainstreaming and contributes to Obama being accepted by different people in the US. The author perceives Black power as an international force developed by Students, trade unionists, and tenants’ rights activists (Penile 2010, 77). Intellectuals including artists and politicians influenced by the ideas of Malcolm X and Carmichael also formed part of this group. Joseph Peniel explains how the work of Black power in the US helped in expansion of American democracy. He adds that, out of the Black power activism, participatory democracy was born. This was necessary for American dream. Indeed, Abraham Lincoln had a dream for “government of the people, by the people, for the people” (Penile 2010, 166). Motivated by this message, activists like Martin Luther King, Fredrick Douglass and others demanded for abolition of the slavery system in the US. The author associates democracy gained at this time with the existence of Obama in the white house. Penile (2010) points out that, Fredrick Douglass and Martin Luther had qualities similar to those of Carmichael and Malcolm X. Because of these qualities, democracy and mainstreaming of all middle class Americans was acquired. Black power was not a movement restricted for Black Americans only. However, Black power was a movement that led to integration and mainstreaming of all middle class people from all races. Carmichael coined the term “Black power”, which meant unity of people in the service of elected political power (Penile 2010, 365). The Black power sought for a new political background that would ensu