ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Current essay represents a critical evaluation of the statistical research and data used in journal article and devoted to the problem of financial plan used by Ontarians for their retirement. The first part of essay represents the analysis of article date through the prism of statistical concepts and methods learned during this course. It also includes possible extension of statistical data to other similar cases and making own contribution to the abovementioned problem. Following this the article is compared with original statistical research on which it is based in the view of finding similarities, types of intertextual communication and difference with a particular emphasis on such issues as populations researched, statistical techniques used, sampling methods, theories and their utilization in the article, measurement issues, standard deviations and errors etc. The second part of the current essay is critical evaluation of the article and original research with a particular insight into the issues of sponsorship, present biases, tactics of interpretation, possible impact on shaping social and personal experience and some other crucial issues. We hope that current research will prove helpful for all interested in this particular topic. The analyzed article can be characterized by an extensive utilization of Ipsos Reid poll which was conducted on the behalf of Investor Education Fund. There is no denying the importance of the fact that many types of statistical procedures were utilized in this particular article though based on Ipsos Reid poll statistical material. The main purpose of article under discussion was to assess various qualitative and statistical characteristic of Ontarians financial planning for their daily activities and for the retirement in the first place. Based on the statistical procedures and techniques which we learned during semester it may be claimed that the article extensively utilizes descriptive statistics which works with different frequencies, crosstabs procedures and descriptive values. This is motivated by the fact that Ipsos Reid poll was mainly directed at finding the structure of financial activities provision and implementation among Ontarians. The main purpose of this statistical analysis was to find the percentage of different financial activities implementation among various groups of Ontarian population including adults subdivided correspondingly to age groups, adolescents and percentage distributed on the basis of gender (men/women). This entire concerns statistical base. As for the statistical objects assessed they were different financial activities including the orientation of financial plan (retirement, education, anything else); the presence of financial investment, availability of financial advisor or stock broker and using other financial consulting services; the frequency of financial consulting with broker or financial advisors and the themes of conversation. There is no denying the importance of the
State Standards The provision of high-quality early childhood education services encompasses the use of appropriate nutritional practices. Educational facilities have to comply with a set of standards developed and offered by the California Department of Education. For instance, state standards cover such areas as mealtime, nutritional peculiarities of meal, diversity aspects, serving meals, and some others (California Department of Education [CDE], 2020a). These standards are evidence-based and aim at ensuring the proper development of children. The recommendations include the use of an age-appropriate amount of fruit and vegetables, as well as the adoption of family-style meal service (CDE, 2020a). This approach is instrumental in reaching such goals as ensuring children’s autonomy, empowering them, and involving them in decision-making and meal serving practices. As for the nutritional aspect, specific attention is paid to the maximum possible use of sugar (CDE, 2020b). These strict guidelines ensure reaching the national health programs targeting the reduction of the use of sugar and the decrease in the incidence of such illnesses as diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disorders. The state standards are also based on federal recommendations regarding diversity aspects. For instance, the provision of vegetarian options is recommended as a response to the needs of diverse cultural groups (U. S. Department of Agriculture [USDA], 2016). Serving tofu or other soy-containing products is seen as appropriate, so educational facilities include such menu components based on the needs of their communities. The current standards are also based on various acts concerning the rights of people with disabilities. Educational facilities are required to provide the corresponding services to students with special needs trying to involve them in common nutritional practices. These recommendations and guidelines can create an inclusive environment. Observation The observed videos feature meal times at educational facilities with a focus on the use of family-style meal serving. Pre-plated meals are now seen as less appropriate for early childhood educational settings as compared to the family-style approach (CDE, 2020a). At that, the former format is still used and has its advantages such as convenience and costs control (MSDE TV, 2018). Pre-plated meals are still widely used, especially in facilities with limited resources (Taispot, 2009; ECA Learning Hub, 2012). However, in my opinion, this format should not be preserved, and family-style meals should become a new standard. Clearly, parents are informed about the benefits and disadvantages of each nutritional practice and should be encouraged to agree to the shift to the family-style paradigm (Arizona Department of Health Services, 2010). Parental involvement is critical in diverse areas, including nutrition. It is also important to make sure that children receive similar messages regarding food from their parents and from their teachers. Importantly,
Introduction Flight dispatchers in the UK should be licensed because of the intensity and importance of their jobs. Other western nations such as Canada and the US have accepted licensing as an instrumental part of aircraft operations and it is about time that the UK did the same. Why aircraft flight dispatchers should be licensed First and foremost, the nature of the flight dispatcher’s task is too important to be left unlicensed. Since it is the legal responsibility of the flight dispatcher (as well as the pilot) to ensure the safety of an aircraft, then this job must be done well. A dispatcher has the power and mandate to cancel, delay or divert a flight or merely to release it for takeoff. (Bureau of labor, 2006) In this regard, flight dispatchers need to have a deep understanding of weather patterns as well as the field of aviation itself. The level of knowledge that these individuals ought to have when it comes to operations control should be more or less the same as a pilot’s. There are several legal obligations that all flight dispatchers need to adhere to before giving aircrafts the go-ahead to commence. Aside from that, these same individuals still have to monitor an aircraft’s progress as it continues in its journey. (Morriu, 2008) A series of computer systems are required to do this and one must be constantly aware of their external environment to inform the flight crew of any issues that could compromise their safety. Therefore, negligence on the part of the dispatcher could be fatal to travelers or crew members. Given these important tasks, it is crucial to license such individuals so that all these skills are sharpened before they can start dealing with real lives. (Ambrose, 2009) It should also be noted that the level of education for flight dispatchers is not as intense as it is in other aircraft operations jobs. Consequently, certain persons can be let through into the system without necessarily possessing the rigor required to perform such tasks – a license would prevent the likelihood of this occurrence. Several issues in the airline industry have also occurred that necessitate more stringent requirements for flight dispatchers. First of all, there has been a greater concern for airline safety standards across the world and this is the same as UK aerospace. Several countries have passed various Acts to ensure that passengers are protected and those legislations often involve flight dispatcher licensing requirements. The region, therefore, needs to catch up with the rest of the world. (Hollis, 2006) Another factor that also points towards a need for flight dispatcher certification is the increasing level of complexity in UK aircraft systems. Statistics indicate that the United Kingdom is a renowned leader in several aircraft programs such as Boeing aircraft, Airbus aircrafts as well as military aircraft. Also, several assemblies and sub-assemblies are done by aircraft manufacturers in the UK. (Gang Yu, 2009) Given these occurrences, then there is a need for carrying out daily checks on aircraft as well as a need to do
Introduction Society had become increasingly concerned about violence. It has been found that far too many of youths and adults are killing and hurting others. At times, it almost seems to be an epidemic. Many believe that one of the major causes of racial violence is electronic media induced violence or hidden violence camouflaged as popular culture. Within the parameters of popular culture and electronic media rock music with its explicit lyrics about sex, drugs and violence is another risk factor and an even stronger indicator is a preference for heavy metal music, which shows a significant marker for alienation, substance abuse, psychiatric disorders, suicide, and risk taking behaviors during adolescences. Violent video games have an effect on children not unlike that of violent television and film. All these stereotypes White population to be the lead and thus makes other communities subjected to be the second string and eventually projected as the ‘others’ or presents a racist view that can turn violent in the long run. Video games like Rise of Nation stereotypes non-white nation. For example: special power of China is population explosion and that of Numidia is migration. In pop music, Johnny Rebe (Some Niggers Never Die) or Eminem (Foolish Pride) are very poplar and very racist at the same time which indicates the infusion of racism through popular culture. (Judt, 122) Main body Some experts suggest an even stronger destructive effect, concluding that the violent actions performed in playing video games like House of Dead, Hitman or Max Payne are more conducive to children’s aggression. Authorities believe that we are not only teaching kids to kill; we are teaching them to like it. In addition America’s youth are exposed to violent words, like that of David Bowie, music and images on the Internet, where there are more than thousand websites, like RougeArmy.com, espousing radical hate, bigotry and violence and race related ster
Large organizations are difficult to manage as one segment. According to Siegel and Shim (2006), to enhance performance accountability, an organization should have separate segments, each segment with its own resources (p.166). The segments are common known as responsibility centers and they should be responsible for their performance. The responsibility centers fall into four main categories viz. cost, revenue, investment, and profit centers (Warren, Duchac, & Reeve, 2010, p.1010). Each responsibility center should have a manager who controls the activities of the center and is accountable for its performance. Cost centers do not generate revenue but incur cost when carrying out its operations, investment centers generate revenue and incur cost revenue centers generate revenue but do not incur the cost, while profitability centers are in charge of managing the other centers (Needles, Powers, & Crosson, 2007, p. 353). ABC, a multinational corporation, manufactures and sells computer hardware worldwide. The company has three divisions and each division has its own production unit but the functional units are in the company’s headquarters. Each of the division reports directly to the main company, but production operations are independent. The division managers have to deliver monthly reports to the headquarters showing their budget estimates, actual performance, and variance on production cost. Top management of ABC uses responsibility management as a tool to evaluate the divisions’ production ability to minimize cost of production, but still produce quality computer hardware. Reports from the divisions reflect the direct material costs, direct labor costs, and manufacturing overheads. In addition, the reports indicate the budget estimates, actual cost incurred, and variance. ABC has given the three departments the autonomy to adopt strategies that allow them to reduce cost during production of the computer hardware. All the divisions have access to equal resources, which are outsourced by the headquarters. All the divisions produce the same number of computer hardware per month and this enhances performance comparability between the divisions. If a division’s performance has been consistent, top management offers all employees of the division end of year bonuses. For the month, of December 2010, division:   * showed favorable variance of two thousand dollars; division   * showed an unfavorable variance of five hundred dollars, while division   * showed a favorable variance of one thousand five hundred dollars
Introduction Over the years, Canada has witnessed an increase in its minimum wage, a situation that has affected aspects of employment and poverty in the North American country. The Canadian Employment Standards Act provides regulatory mechanisms that cover diverse matters, including minimum wages. The minimum wage policy in the Employment Standards Act provides stipulations regarding the least hourly and daily earnings for workers in different job types. The policy seeks to stabilize the minimum wage relative to the average hourly earnings for various workers in Canada. Therefore, this paper critically analyzes the minimum wage policy in Canada as provided for in the Employment Standards Act. Purpose of the Policy The minimum wage policy in Canada seeks to achieve various purposes of the Employment Standards Act. While Berry (2013) paints a rather worrying picture where the last three decades have been marked by wage inequalities that have left Canadians discontented, Tipton, Milligan, and Reilly (2013) offer a relieving opinion that is anchored on the country’s minimum wage policy. Berry (2013) reveals poverty as among the devastating impacts of wage disparities in Canada, a situation that may be linked to the push for reforms in the country’s employment sector. In response, according to Tipton et al. (2013), the minimum wage policy was put in place to counter the rising poverty level by ensuring that employees in Canada experienced the basic standards of compensation and employment conditions. In my opinion, the minimum wage policy not only enhances the fair treatment of employees but also facilitates the development of an efficient and productive workforce that can fully contribute to the country’s prosperity. Although the two authors above agree that the minimum wage policy seeks to stabilize the compensation received by employees in the Canadian economy by upholding the essence of fairness, they do not capture its overall aim of helping employees to attain their work and family responsibilities. Values Upheld by the Policy Based on the 2017 amendments concerning the Canadian Employment Standards Act (2018), the hourly minimum wage of $11.35 was arrived at to ensure that employees, including resident caretakers, liquor servers, and farmworkers receive reasonable compensation. This article is comparable to Tipton et al.’s (2013) work since both emphasize the issue of fairness. In other words, the realization of fairness in the remuneration of employees in Canada curbs exploitation thereby promoting equality. The policy assumes that employees in various fields deserve a minimum wage that is reasonable and fair, regardless of the nature of the job they perform. The policy reflects on the ideology that employers should pay employees the required minimum wage as stipulated in the regulations. In my opinion, the prescriptions of the minimum wage policy allow the power to operate in the industrial sector by making it mandatory for employers to pay employe
Introduction Advertising plays a significant role in creating public awareness of a given product and enhancing its sales levels. Advertising can be done through a number of ways which include the internet, radio stations, television networks, bill boards, movies, magazines, newspapers, audio games, video games and diverse social media platforms. Advertising plays a critical role in enhancing the overall success and realization of advertisement goals. Though challenging, advertising gives a product, service, organization and the individual person being advertised greater publicity and awareness. The object of advertising is thus able to have competitive advantage in the market. In advertising, product recognition is improved through the use of consistent advertising. In some instances, product or service branding is undertaken in commercial advertisements so as to create a positive impression by ascribing outstanding qualities about a given product or service. Coke Zero Advertisement is a well thought out, effectively executed, relevant and timely advertisement that has managed to build and enhance a strong relationship between the Coca-Cola Company and both existing potential consumers by fulfilling consumers’ unique demands. This refers to the need for a carbon free soft drink. This study attempts to establish whether the advertisement will attain its envisioned mission. Coke Zero Advertisement Over the years, the Coca Cola Company, the globally recognized major manufacturer of alcohol free beverages, syrups, and beverages has continued to have very outstanding and impeccable advertisements such as the Coke Zero Advertisement.
There are several ways to compare and contrast the Mesopotamian and Ancient Greek civilizations. Socially, the two civilizations were very different; the Greeks were known for their strong sense of democracy, while the Mesopotamians were ruled by kings and queens. Politically, there were also major differences; the Greeks were republics, while the Mesopotamians had empires. Economically, Ancient Greece was known for its many exports, while Mesopotamia was mostly an agricultural society. Culturally, the two civilizations differed in terms of their writing systems and religions. The Greeks used an alphabet that is still in use today, while the Mesopotamians developed a cuneiform script. Therefore, there are eminently social, political, economic, and cultural differences and similarities between Mesopotamian and Ancient Greek. The social differences between the Mesopotamian and Ancient Greek civilizations were vast. Mesopotamia was a very hierarchical society, with a strict caste system in place. There was very little opportunity for social mobility, and the powerful ruled over the masses with an iron fist. Ancient Greece, on the other hand, was much more egalitarian. People were able to move up in status if they were talented or ambitious, and democracy was practiced in many city-states (Adams 35). This resulted in a much more prosperous society overall. Similarly, Ancient Greece was a much more democratic society than Mesopotamia. In Athens, for example, all male citizens had the right to vote and participate in government. Wealthy citizens could not buy their way into office; they had to be elected by their peers. Mesopotamian society was much more stratified; at the top were the rulers and priests, followed by a small number of wealthy landowners (Adams 43). The vast majority of people were slaves or peasants who worked the land. There was no concept of democracy in Mesopotamia; instead, society was ruled by a small elite group who claimed divine authority. Both Mesopotamian and Ancient Greek civilizations exhibited a great deal of social similarity. For example, both were patriarchal societies in which women had few rights and were largely confined to the home. In addition, both societies placed a high value on warfare and physical prowess and considered martial prowess to be one of the key markers of manhood. There were also some key differences between these two civilizations. One major difference was that the Ancient Greeks were far more egalitarian than the Mesopotamians (Frahm 119). This is evidenced by the fact that in Ancient Greece, women could own property, engage in business, and even participate in politics. Mesopotamian and Ancient Greek civilizations were str
Introduction A project can be defined as a set of planned activities that are used to come up with clear and specific objectives within a given timeline and budget. The activities of a project are generally involving and painstaking, beginning with the identification of resource mobilization team and task force that helps to develop the necessary resource allocations and core operational lending to fund the project. A full participatory approach that entails a multi-disciplinary/multi-sectored approach is necessary to expedite the project cycle activities. The design phase of a project cycle is very crucial because it is the design process that determines the most feasible way through which the problem can be tackled, or objectives can be met. The involvement of a multi-disciplinary approach in participation ensures that the project is successful and sustainable. However, as a development practitioner, one experiences various challenges while conducting a multi-disciplinary stakeholder analysis hence affecting the actual outcome of the project. This paper aims at discussing the challenges/problems that a development practitioner experiences while conducting the aforementioned analysis. Discussion Stakeholders/beneficiaries are people who have a direct, significant and particular interest in given natural resources hence, have the liberty to express their views in a proposed project. Primary and secondary stakeholders, who have personal interests in the proposed project that addresses the problems concerned, are identified through a stakeholder analysis. Stakeholder analysis is very important as it helps in the development of strategic views that can be applied to address the problem. Multi-disciplinary stakeholder analysis entails the identification of the different kinds of stakeholders who will take part in project development. These stakeholders are very important at every stage of the project cycle because each stage is related to the needs of the stakeholders in one way or the other (Caldwell, 2002). Appendix 1 represents a table that could be used in multi-disciplinary stakeholder analysis (Gawler, 2005). There are primary/direct stakeholders and these are very essential with regard to conservation. They are directly affected by any outcome of the project based on action taken hence; they are a very critical component of the project design process because wrong action will not yield into the desired impact of the project. The development practitioner should ensure that he/she clearly identifies the primary stakeholders as they are very essential in ensuring sustainability of the project. Secondary stakeholders are those with an indirect interest in the project. They entail donors, national government officials, consumers and private enterprises. Despite the fact that they are not included in all stages of the project, their periodic contribution is required (Guijt & Woodhill, 2002). Opposition stakeholders adversely affect ou