ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract The human qualities of a leader are in many ways more revealing regarding his or her success, the respect of the people, and the appreciation of descendants than education and professionalism. In different historical times, there were both heroes and despised dictators who had power over entire continents and possessed the minds of millions. This report examines the leadership style of Abraham Lincoln as an example of an ethical leader who was moral in his day, and the regime of Adolf Hitler as an example of a mentally unstable leader blinded by the unlimited authority. Lincoln, although through a long war, achieved the unification of the United States and devoted much effort to the restoration of both parts of the country. Hitler inspired the German people that only the Aryan nation has the right to live, sent millions to fight for world domination, and was not ready for the resistance of allies. Both leaders in their home countries were perceived as representatives of the people, and both were very popular, especially at the beginning of their careers. However, their beliefs and values were radically different, which significantly affected the results of their activities. Introductory Statement Historical Background of Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler is a political leader of Germany, whose activities are associated with such monstrous crimes against humanity, as the Holocaust. He was born on April 20, 1889, in Austria, in the town of Braunau am Inn, located near the German border (Kershaw 13). Adolf’s childhood was spent in constant moving, caused by his father’s work, and changing schools, where he showed no special talents. He had
Introduction The company’s success is a collaborative work of various factors that need a thorough study and analysis. In an article by James Tompkins “Successful organizations recognize the need for continuous improvement” the author examines some of these factors. This essay will provide a review of the most important outlines of this article while introducing and explaining some of the author’s visions on the phases and factors of the company’s evolution. Review The article is started with a statement that the success of any chosen company is changeable and due to the constant changes and the continual rate of innovations the processes of the future capable company must always be evaluated and analyzed. While agreeing mainly with the author, it should be mentioned that successful companies should predict the pace of events changing and thereunder make long-term plans rather that should fulfill the demands of present and future goals. Along the author argues that success seldom the last stage of the company’s life cycle, the author provides stages of the company’s evolution based on his experience which are:   * Fail/fail   * Fail/succeed   * Succeed/fail   * Succeed/succeed Although these phases are self-explanatory as their titles imply, the author goes further analyzing each of the mentioned phases. It should be mentioned that according to the author’s statement the fail/fail phase is rather a final result of some unsuccessful companies than a stage of evolution, and the first state (fail or succeed) in other phases are not explained whether they are initial, interim or could be both. In general, these phases are common, and especially the fail/succeed phase is linked to the author’s previous statement about the adjustments that necessarily should be made to cope with the changes and the innovations. Additionally, the author emphasizes the importance of understanding the collaboration efforts, at the same time separating the collaboration into within the organization and within the supply chain. The collaboration within the organization which is called teamwork has been defined by the author who additionally mentioned the characteristics of the team participants. While these specifications typically
Abstract Intelligence and wisdom are the main qualities of an individual’s personality; it is the ability to recognize our own feelings and the feelings of other people, a wise person has a lot of intelligence, it is learning that creates more intelligence, a man can learn fast by intelligence as he can survey and adapt himself to the situation promptly. Intelligence and wisdom are involved with intellectual sentiments that are directed to the objects of our thought, arguments, beliefs, opinions, judgments, right and wrong, true and false; such sentiments involve intellectual judgment. Intelligence wisdom is the ability to recognize our own feelings and those of others for motivating ourselves. Thinking is the attempt to solve a problem; thinking is a natural process; it is the mind that controls our actions, and reasoning is the highest form of thinking. The brain controls the power of the mind, it is the nature of the mind as it grows and works in human beings and animals, is known as psychology, and it is related to learning; Intelligence is developed through learning it is a process of making discoveries from previous experiences it helps us to make sense out of the world around us, intelligence is developed through trial and error, the roots of Intelligence and Wisdom are deeply rooted in our cultural traditions which affect the human mind these are the most important factors of personality growth, all factors are interdependent and inter-related, intelligence is influenced more by attitudes and social relationships that affect the power of the mind. Intelligence Intelligence is the system of evaluating units of knowledge; it is consistently reshuffling knowledge, it is the power of the mind-controlled by the brain, it uses the senses to control actions and reactions, it is the capacity to acquire and apply
Have you ever considered what it is like to have no sources of income? In reality, this is relevant for millions of Americans however, the political debates rarely acknowledge this reality. When conversations about the poor occur in the city of Washington, they usually discuss the struggles of the working poor, forgetting about the issues that the non-working poor face day by day. The 2015 book $2.00 a Day: Living on Almost Nothing in America written by two renowned social scientists Kathryn J. Edin and H. Luke Shaefer looks into changing the trend. For $2.00 a Day , Kathryn Edin and Luke Shaefer explored the lives and life experiences of the ones that are impoverished, ones that are only able to find, in the best case, a low-wage occupation. Their stories represent the struggles that were influenced by the unstable housing situations as well as racial discrimination. The authors pose an initial question explored in their book: “Who killed welfare?” (Edin and Shaefer 10). Edin and Shaefer found that the life without welfare, a life filled with various deprivations is very unstable and complex, punishing in both physical and psychological aspects, and reliant on the small everyday events that may leave someone without work, food, or shelter. Finding work for these people is the most complicated task of their life. In order to interview for a job, a person needs to look presentable, which means having some clean clothes and an opportunity to bathe. Both of these aspects are quite problematic for a person that lives in a shelter. Unless the person who is looking for a job can walk to the interview, he or she needs some money for public transport or gas for the car. To receive a call from the interviewer, one needs to have a phone and so on. Thus, even being poor and homeless can be expensive. In $2.00 a Day , readers are able to meet several people who live in poverty; however their real names were not mentioned for privacy reasons. The story of Modonna Harris from Chicago is as heartbreaking as others in the book. She had a diploma from high school and studied at college for two years along with having a child from an unsuccessful marriage. She had a full-time job at a music store that she was fired from. As a consequence, she was unable to pay her rent and was forced to move in with her relatives who were willing to shelter her and her daughter for a very short period of time. They had very little food, and their breakfast consisted of a cup of coffee with as much sugar and cream as the coup could physically hold. When the poor described by Edin and Shaefer had no other choice apart from breaking the law, they did not hesitate. A woman would have her rent paid by a ‘friend’ in exchange for sexual services. Some may trade their food assistance stamps for cash that w
Introduction Hand hygiene (HH) is among the most straightforward measures to effectively prevent transmission of infections in the hospitals. In 2019, the first case of a person having symptoms associated with Covid-19 disease was spotted in Wuhan, China (de Paula et al., 2020). The infection has since spread globally through different modes, including touching infected surfaces. Regular and thorough washing of hands is recommended to mitigate the spread of the Covid-19 virus. However, the level of compliance to HH among the medical team and the patients is generally low (Sands & Aunger, 2020). This report aims to show how the Donabedian conceptual framework can be used to improve healthcare quality problems, specifically hand sanitization for Covid-19 patients. Defining the Quality Problem Lack of hand hygiene has traditionally been linked to several hospital-acquired infections leading to a prolonged hospital stay. Recently, after the World Health Organization (WHO) declared Covid-19 a pandemic, it was discovered that the surfaces where the isolated patients had come in contact were tested positive for Covid-19 virus (de Paula et al., 2020). If a healthy person touches such areas, they acquire the pathogen, and the cycle continues. The quality of healthcare is, therefore, compromised since some of the victims are first responders and nurses. Human beings are fond of regularly touching their face, thus spreading germs to critical organs such as the eyes, nose, and ears. For Covid-19, once the virus enters the body, the person can continue to pass on the disease to others. When many people are sick, they exhaust the capacity of healthcare workers to offer treatment. The quality of service is compromised because each medical worker has to attend to many patients. Justification of Selected Population There is an increasing need for evidence-based measures that will curb the spread of Covid-19, which has no cure. According to Worldometer (2020), the number of confirmed cases globally is 60,077,347and there are 1,413,704 deaths so far. Consistent HH is one of the protocols recommended by the WHO as an effective preventive measure in hospitals. This study will provide an understanding of the reasons for negligence and propose measures to improve hygiene quality. This report is, thus, relevant to all healthcare settings which have been burdened by coronavirus-related deaths. The other justification is that the hospitals are already overwhelmed. Yet, according to Amati et al. (2018), one of the reasons for low quality in hospital settings is nurses attending to many patients. There is a need to clear space by improving the quality of care that will result in many patients being discharged. This report is also relevant for future policies and raising awareness since suggestions for improvement will be provided. Applying the Donabedian Conceptual Framework The Donabedian model is popularly used in the healthcare setting as it offers a strategy for examination and evaluation of
Introduction The human population has a sizeable variance regarding the image and location of God. This is determined by the demographic characteristics and the religious beliefs (Swinburne, 2003). Theism is the belief in the existence of one God who is the creator of mankind. In this belief, God controls the organization of the entire universe and is personally present. Atheists believe that there is only one God. On the other hand, pantheism is the belief that everything is God. This implies that God is identical to the world. Therefore, God is expressed through nature. In this case, all things that exist in the universe are united to become one single being, which is God. Panentheism believes that everything is in God. Thus, the universe consists of the body of God. Therefore, God is greater than all things in the universe because they are all his composition. The three terms have been used to describe God and link His relationship with the world (Capucao, 2010). This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each position. Theism God is greater than the world and its compositions because He is the one who created them. He can change everything that exists in the world through his supernatural powers. He is the superior one who controls everything that happens in the universe. Theism holds that God is beyond everything else that exists in the world. He is sensible because all creation must have been formed at some point. There must be a force behind every cause. This means that everything is caused by something. This ‘something’ is God’s supernatural abilities that explain the cause of everything that exits in the universe. From what we see, many changes come and go and the process is continued. Creatures exist and extinct from the universe with new discoveries developing every day. This implies that the process will be continuous even in the future. Therefore, this power, that is God, is eternal. This is because if these things stopped existing, then there would be no force to cause things to happen. God was there before the existence of the human beings and will always be there to determine what happens each single day. This explains why human beings cannot tell what is in store for the future. They rely on God to determine the expected happenings in the future (Peterson, Hasker, Reichenbach & Basinger 2008). Theism recognizes the inability of humans to define their destiny. This is because the supernatural power, which is God, controls everything. This allows believers to leave what is not in their control, and this reduces their worries and stresses. It also g
Qantas popularity and success can be judged from the fact that it was declared the third-best airline in the world in 2008 by Skytrax, a research consultancy firm. The airline has always had ambitious programs for having an edge over its competitors in the aviation industry and it is for this reason that despite some controversies surrounding its operations it continues to be one of the best airlines in the world. The main terminal and hubs of Qantas are at Sydney and Melbourne airports and operates several international flights to the main commercial cities of the world. Since it was privatized in 1993, Qantas has been one of the most profitable airlines. It is constantly expanding its fleet of aircraft and gradually phasing out the old ones, unlike other airlines that keep depending on obsolete and aged aircraft that often leads to security and safety issues. Indeed it is a robust and disciplined company and continues to retain and enhance its status as Australia’s global airline, and primarily draws its strength, reputation and identity from its global reputation for safety, excellent customer service, engineering excellence and reliability. The Qantas management continues to invest proactively and believes in cost efficiencies and economies of scale, which have been the main reasons for its success in times of intense competition amongst airlines. Additionally, the business strategy encompasses to maintain by all means the confidence that customers have in the airline, which is indeed a national asset for Australia. Qantas enjoys credibility with the Australian government and hence is privileged to have all that it requires from the government. The unique geographical positioning of Australia has constantly added to the success of Qantas, and as the country progresses, the airline industry offers greater opportunities to Qantas to expand its business and profitability (Qantas Strengthens Domestic Strategy as market Intensifies). It envisages the replacement of all its old aircraft that are over 20 years of age and have already placed orders for the Airbus 380. One of these aircraft has already been delivered and international flights were commenced with great fanfare as a popularity measure. An entr
Introduction Price war is a terminology used to refer to the struggle between or among different firms in the market. It is evident in economic situation that calls for intensive competition rivalry among firms in the market that result in a series of price declination or reduction. A milk price war among the leading Australia supermarkets is a good indicator of price war. Price war happens when different firms compete for the market share by lowering their prices in order to attract more customers consequently increasing their sales. This situation is only evident when different companies or firms are trading or selling similar products. Such companies embark on the use of strategic price as an appropriate market technique or tool to dominate the market. Price war poses severe impacts or effects on the market since it affects both the business and the consumers. Change in the price of a commodity or goods influences consumers demand. That is, price war leads to the reduction of prices that increases accessibility of products to the consumers hence increasing the consumers’ demand for the commodity goods. Discussion Many companies in the market find it difficult to escape from price war. This is because of the competition offered by rival firms over a certain good or service. Such companies or firms use a strategic price mechanism that is intended to win over the market or business of the average consumer. For instance in a case study where there are two types of used cars; high quality and low quality. In this, we assume that there are potential buyers who are ready to pay 5000 for high quality used cars and 2500 for low quality used cars. We further assume there are 500 sellers of high quality cars and 500 sellers for low quality cars and all are risk neutral. In addition, the quality of the cars is observable to the sellers and buyers. With this condition the question rises on what is equilibrium price and quantity (Bamberg, 2009, p. 47) Australia’s leading supermarket case study has succinctly highlighted the concept of price war by demonstrating the implementation of price strategy to dominate the market. The supermarket is involved in the reduction of price to win the market. Through this process, the milk market was affected hence leading to sever
Introduction To date, there is no universal agreement on the many questions surrounding our identity, origin, and purpose in life. Although there are many theories that attempt to provide responses to these questions, the podcast makes it sufficiently clear that human beings are yet to understand if their existence is by random mutation or by design. The present paper reflects on creationism, evolution and intelligent design (ID), before submitting that it is premature to introduce ID in academic and religious contexts as it is not embedded in real science. Intelligent Design and Creationism: Similarities and Differences Creationism is hinged on the account of creation in Genesis 1 which postulates that God made every living creature in this world, while ID is based on the notion that “even though we cant always tell by looking at an object who made it, we can still tell whether someone designed it or whether it came to be by chance” (Myjak, n.d., p. 2). This description, in my view, shows creationism and ID are in agreement that all living creatures were made by somebody. However, a major difference arises in the fact that, while creationism shows God as responsible for creating all living creatures in the world, ID is still not clear on the involvement of a supreme being in the designing process. Both creationism and ID heavily criticize the Darwinian evolutionary theory and do not accept the notions of common descent and natural selection (Bailey, n.d.; Forrest, 2007). Indeed, according to the podcast, ID has found support among contemporary Christians who do not believe in evolution. However, advocates of creationism seem to refute the assertion advanced by the ID school of thought that the intricate inner workings of single cells could be used to show all living creatures were deliberately designed (Pennock, 2003). Upon closer reflection, it is also clear that while creationism uses theological and philosophical tenets to argue its case, ID is based entirely on observable scientific evidence. Lastly, creationism is taught in public and religious contexts as seen in the curriculums of public schools and doctrinal tenets of mainstream religious outfits. However, advocates of ID are yet to come up with substantial evidence to show why the concept should be included in these contexts. Viability of Intelligent Design as a Topic in Public Schools and Sunday Schools Upon closer examination of the content contained in the podcast and in other resources, it is my considered opinion that ID should neither be taught in public schools alongside evolution nor consulted in Sunday schools alongside creationism. Although it is fundamentally important to provide our children with a perspective on our origin that is consistent with our faith and beliefs, neither evolution nor creationism has been instrumental in availing a valid basis for comprehensive understanding due to fundamental methodological and procedural flaws. In my view, it serves no academic or religious purpose to introduce another concept before its authenticity and validity can be fully verified. In the podcast, ID advocates are themselves criti