ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Technical considerations when selecting an executive dashboard for an international company that does business with various companies and in multiple languages.  1. Provide information technology systems that will make it possible for the information providers to provide information to the buyers. This reduces the cost involved in communicating with buyers and sellers.  2. Provide customer data, achieved by developing and presenting accurate information. The management of online sales is possible through the use of Google software.  3. Establish a user interface that is easy and user friendly. This will make it possible for customers to interact with the site. As a result, the inventory should enable quick data entry. On the same, the inventory should be able to compete effectively in the market.  4. Develop payment systems such as the use of credit cards, money orders, and debit cards, among other online payment methods. Thus, the billing system should be convenient according to the customer’s needs (Daniel, 2011). It is important to offer varieties of payment methods for customers to the method that suits them.  5. Develop Google analytic features. As indicated earlier, Google can assess the traffic of traffic generated by the website. Google will also be instrumental in establishing statistics from the website.  6. Use updated information technologies to avoid instances where the modes of payments fail. The company should continually support special offers, reduced prices, and discount rates through automated software (Daniel, 2011).  7. Establish a data integration system that carries out economic integration by assimilation of all players in the company, including the clients, suppliers, company’s network systems, and contractors (Hennessy, 2000). Internal integration would also help in the company’s success, where all information will be stored digitally. Privacy considerations when selecting an executive dashboard for an international company that does business in various countries.  1. Maintain the confidentiality of their clients. Some information related to clients, such as payment methods and mobile numbers, should remain confidential.  2. Provide accurate information regarding their products (Hennessy, 2000). This will be privacy considerations because some companies tend to promote what they do not have on their site.  3. The billing system should be very confidential. It should be user friendly and easy to use yet hard to break in by malicious hackers (Topolsky, 2012). Each clie
The discovery of America refers to the era of “Great Discoveries”. In the fifteenth century, the first expedition of Columbus reached the lands of a new continent. Europeans began the adaptation of new lands. Zinn and Stannard in their works expose that the new settlement was attended by gross interference into the peaceful life of the indigenous population, provoking war and leading to the indigenes’ total extermination. The goal of this work is to divulge the fatal role of Columbus’ discovery in the Arawaks’ and Aztecs’ history. When America was discovered, Europe experienced a time of considerable economic changes. The merchants came into conflict with feudal rulers. They searched for new territories to establish authority and use them as sources of raw materials and cheap labor. The period of “Great Discoveries” was caused by the need for new sources of metals, especially gold. When Columbus reached the continent of America, it was already populated by Indian tribes. The establishment of the new arrangement in the lands led to resistance of indigenes. “When he landed the Bahamas Island, Columbus, and his men, greeted by peaceful and generous natives, set out on a ruthless quest for gold that led to enslavement, misery, and death of that population” (Zinn, 29). The territories of Bolivia, Peru, and Mexico were settled by the Arawaks and Aztecs. These peoples were peaceful and well-organized. They had their tribal government, industry, and cultural principles. Europeans interfered in their peaceful life, enslaving strong men and women and moving the others to the so-called reservations. The vacant territories were settled by Europeans. Stannard comments on this fact, “The white settlers were part of the government’s plan to drive the Indians off their land” (Stannard, 122). The reason for the expansionist policy of Spain was rich deposits of gold and silver. When the tribes were plundered, Europeans captured for slave labor to extract precious and nonferrous metals. The first discovering of gold was made by Columbus. It was depicted by Zinn, “Seeing the natives he encountered, the peaceful Arawak Indians, as less than human (though in his diary he described them as gentle and generous), he tortured them to force them to find gold for him” (Zinn, 29). The European economy was greatly increased with the expansion of new lands. But for the native population, it was a disaster, leading their civilizations to disappearance. “By the 1560s and 1570s European militiamen were traveling throughout the southeast, spreading disease and bloody massacre everywhere they went” (Stannard, 102). The works under study are not only the only sources of information about the Ar
Introduction Mass media entities are arguably the most frequent users of linguistic framing. In order to create catchy headings, newspapers and TV broadcasts use this device to attract the attention of the audience by evoking a chain of associations in the people’s minds. Moreover, even though the media in most Western countries is seen as separate from politics, linguistic framing in the news can be used to encourage the viewers or readers to think about a topic in a certain way, which can either be beneficial for the current government or oppose it. Analysis One of the most recent famous examples of linguistic framing in the news is the use of the term ‘Muslim ban’ to refer to Donald Trump’s executive order to limit the travel rights of people from several nations that are considered as posing a terrorist threat to America and its citizens. The order barred people from seven Muslim-majority countries to enter the U.S. for 90 days, and prohibited the entry of refugees for 120 days. The order was indeed quite controversial, as it affected the lives of many innocent people, separating them from their families and causing them to be expelled from the place of residence. However, the news agencies facilitated the uproar against the policy by attributing the term ‘Muslim ban’ to it. The expression consists of two words, the combination of which was designed to attract the attention of people all over the world, particularly the liberal U.S. citizens. Today, we live in a global world where people can move around the globe to share their experience, culture, and language with people from other nations and religions. As a country that was discovered through immigration, America is seen by many as a place that is inclusive of all nations and religions, where all people are treated equally regardless of their background. Many of the orders of the previous U.S. President Barack Obama were aimed at promoting equality and battling unfair treatment of people based on their gender, race, and sexuality. The term ‘Muslim ban’, therefore, contrasts the core values of many American people, as it refers to a certain group of people being treated unfairly on the basis of their religion solely. Conclusion There were indeed other ways that the news could refer to the order that would have produced two entirely different. For instance, if the media applied the term ‘travel ban’, which was used by Trump’s executives, it would not have received such strong opposition. On the other hand, if the term ‘terrorist ban’ was employed, the people’s reaction would be quite the opposite, and more people would support the order, as terrorism is viewed as a major threat to the safety and security of the U.S. citizens. All three examples show how framing can be used by media to influence people’s opinions on the topic. By referring to the order as the ‘Muslim ban’, therefore, the media highlighted its unjust nature and the fact that it promotes unequal treatment based on religious background, thus causing an enormous uproar among the public. Such publicity helped the
David Hume (1711-1776) is now being considered as one of the earliest proponents of method of scientific empiricism in philosophy, although during the course of his life, he was primarily known as historian and diplomat. We can say that the essence of Hume’s main philosophical achievement corresponds to the fact that had proven the method of empirical enquiry as leading to the “dead end of philosophy”, when being overly formalised. This was the reason why Hume’s philosophy later became the subject of fierce criticism, on the part of metaphysicians, such as Kant and Hegel. Being born in the family of Scottish nobles, Hume was at liberty to indulge in intellectual pursuits, throughout his life, without having to be overly concerned about sustaining himself financially. By the time he reached twelve, Hume began attending University of Edinburgh, with Jurisprudence as his major. However, he did not take a particular pleasure in studying legal scholastics, while being increasingly attracted to abstract Philosophy, as the subject in which he felt he could really excel. After having received his degree in Law, Hume had spent six consecutive years in Edinburgh, with avid reading becoming his main preoccupation. During this period of his life, Hume had developed a particularly strong taste for the philosophy of Stoicism, which will affect his later writings. In 1734, Hume went to Paris to serve as Secretary to Lord Hertford, who was on diplomatic duty in France. While in Paris, Hume continued to work on development of his earlier philosophical ideas, which resulted in publishing of his most influential book “A Treatise of Human Nature” in 1739. However, this Hume’s work had failed to attract intellectuals’ attention, as he originally anticipated. In 1744, Hume applied for the Chair of Pneumatics and Moral Philosophy at the University of Edinburgh, but his candidacy was eventually declined, due to the fact that by this time, Hume had managed in acquiring the fame as uncompromising atheist. From 1746 to 1749, Hume served as Secretary to Lieutenant-General St Clair, although he was not a particularly enthusiastic about conducting his professional duties. It is during this period of his life that Hume had intellectually conceived his two other major works: “The History of Great Britain” and “An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding”. In 1752, Hume had finally settled in Edinburgh, while continuing to promote his philosophical ideas, although with little success, as public opinion tended to regard him as “godless atheist”, rather then a legitimate philosopher. Given Hume’s perfectionist attitudes, he never managed in finding the “lady of heart”, which would be his intellectual equal. This was the main reason why Hume never did get married, while remaining faithful to his own existential scepticism, in regards to people and to society, in general. He died in 1776, with the rumours that he laughed at propositions to have a priest being present at his deathbed, beginning to circulate
Introduction Formalization is the process of creating structures that govern operations within an organization. In a formalized organization, work activities are often controlled by a set of accepted rules and procedures. In addition, a formalized structure has a hierarchical and clear reporting structure that runs from bottom to top. To a large extent therefore, a formalized organization is managed through several levels of supervision. The extent of formalization, however, varies from one organization to another and is mainly determined by the size of the organization. As opposed to informational organizational structures where individuals are esteemed higher than the job positions, a formal organizational structure is made up of rules that unmistakably state how work should be done at the various levels in the hierarchy. Since rules that guide the holder of a position are static, no confusion arises when the holder of the position changes. This thus implies that the transition process is streamlined. Advantages of Formalization There are several advantages of a formalized organizational structure. First, the process of succession is quite simplified. Regardless of the occupant of a position, rules and procedures in a formalized structure very clearly stipulate what has to be done by the holder of the office. Formalization thus facilitates a smooth transition in case an employee has to leave the organization or gets promoted to a different position. Secondly, a formalized structure allows all employees to understand what is expected of them and this helps management to ensure that everyone works toward the realization of an organization’s vision and mission. As noted earlier, the rules and procedures that govern operations at every level do not change. As such, a new occupant to an office easily fits into the structure. Undoubtedly, this enables an organization to minimize time wastage in the event that a transition has to take place. Thirdly, a formalized structure simplifies the process of aligning work activities with organizational goals and objectives. All employees are guided by a plan put in place to ensure that everyone works to accomplish what is agreed upon. Disadvantages of Formalization A formalized organizational structure has a number of drawbacks. The rigidity of the structure leaves very little room for innovation. Occupants of a given position are expected to operate within certain boundaries and this kills the spirit of invention among staff. As a result, formalized structures are considered unsuitable for a field characterized by constant changes. Generally, a dynamic environment requires managers to keep changing tact in order to cope with existing competition. Secondly, the rigid nature of a formalized structure also limits the originality of individuals. Employees are compelled to depend on management to provide solutions to any challenges encountered. This dependency syndrome may work against the organization especially when employees come across situations that require them to think and act immediately. Although formalization and p
Children often experience abusive behavior in families, as parents want to correct their behavior and prohibit certain actions (Dyson par. 1). This type of supervision significantly affects their future lives (Tepper 178). This essay provides diagnoses of Raul and Jose and explains the reason for significant differences of symptoms while experiencing the same conditions. Moreover, it displays personal observations on how the psychological issues of children might manifest themselves physically. Finally, the role of culture is evaluated in this situation. According to the American Psychiatric Association, Raul experiences conduct disorder (312.8), as he continually breaks the rules and violates the rights of other individuals (85). Moreover, children with this disorder try to harm animals and people (Criteria A1-A7), as Raul tries to burn the dog and causes physical to his siblings (American Psychiatric Association 85). Additionally, “violation of rules” is Criteria A13-A15, and “theft” is A10-A12 (American Psychiatric Association 85). All of the mentioned actions are present in Raul’s behavior since he steals and regularly breaks the social norms. It could be said that Jose experiences a major depressive episode. Its code is (296.30) (American Psychiatric Association 319). According to Criterion A1, a person experience sadness (American Psychiatric Association 320). In this case, it is constantly crying Jose. Moreover, a person has “an exaggerated sense of frustration” (American Psychiatric Association 321). Additionally, a lack of interest in physical activities (Criterion A2) (American Psychiatric Association 321). It is the primary reason for Jose’s no interest in sports. Moreover, a majority of people with major depressive disorder experience problems with sleep (Criterion A4) (American Psychiatric Association 321). In the case of Jose, it is prolonged daydreaming. Lastly, the inability to concentrate and to sit still is Criterion A5. This fact explains Jose’s nail-biting. However, it could be said that Jose has symptoms of autism (299.00), as he has difficulties communicating with other people (Criterion A1b), inaudible speech (Criterion A2b), and enuresis (American Psychiatri
I truly believe this statement to be true and as a proponent, would like to prove the argument based on some of Plato’s great works regarding the same. Plato asserts that all the universal knowledge which human beings possess, is not acquired, it is already present in humans as we are “born” with the “knowledge of forms.” This knowledge, Plato states has been gained, before taking birth in the world, since the souls existed even before taking birth in the “Realm of Forms” , and this existence of the souls was forgotten at the time of birth. Claiming that “all wisdom is recollection” , Plato argues that the wisdom of the forgotten wisdom is recollected sporadically during the survival period in life. Plato explains the difference in “how we know” and “what we know” by distinguishing between epistemology, which deals with the former, and metaphysics, which deals with the latter. Thus the epistemology of Plato elucidates the process of how the knowledge of the Forms, comes to human beings. Plato’s argument regarding epistemology is very clearly explained in the “Phaedo” , when Socrates, speaks to his friend Simmias, explaining to him the concept of equality, which is conceived with some kind of prior knowledge or perception. Socrates explains that a human sees two sticks or two stones which may or may not be equal in their appearances. Socrates argues that when two identical sticks or two identical stones are viewed by a person, how and why does that person compare them and decide whether they are equal or not. The point Socrates makes is indeed a valid one, for when a person looks at an object or two similar or dissimilar objects, what knowledge does the person have to decide about an aspect or feature that is different from the two objects- in this example- equality. There has to be some kind of prior knowledge that enables a person to deduce a property that does not in any way relate to the objects. It is this prior knowledge that the soul has, which comes from the Realm of Forms, which Plato states as epistemology. Plato elucidates Socrates’ argument that there has to be some prior knowledge about equality (in this example) in the human being which enables them to compare two objects and deduce whether they are equal or unequal. He debates that all souls exist in the realm of Forms and as such have the knowledge, this being the first stage in the process of reincarnation of the s
Should Main Line’s maximum and minimum lost profit amounts be revised downward for the following? Why? The domestic distribution revenues of $3 million because the deal had not been finalized Yes. Main Line Pictures Inc. incurred a loss of the $3 million which could have been obtained from the sale of the film in the home city (Albrecht, Stice & Swain, 2007). It was logical that Main Line Pictures Inc. could have been able to make this sale as it based its probabilities from previous performances, where Basinger has been used to perform. Due to her refusal to take part in performing the major role as agreed in the contract, Main Line Pictures Inc. has the right to be compensated. Thus, the $3 million should be used in calculating the loss or profit that the filmmaker could have gained or lost. The loss can be explained in the following calculation. With Basinger in Leading Role International pre-sales     $ 7.00   Domestic sale expectations  $ 3.00   Contributions               $10.00   Less production cost        $ (7.00) Profit /lose                $ 3.00    The $800,000 of foreign pre-sales because they were “probable” not actual The $ 800,000 which was not raised since the film was not acted should not be included in maximizing or minimizing the loss incurred. This is because in the last place the film was not launched. Second, there was no guarantee that the film will make such an amount of money, as one cannot be sure how many companies will run the film in their cinema theaters. Therefore, one cannot rely on this information as it is impossible to calculate the actual profit that could have been generated by running the film. Thus, the pre-sale of $ 800,000 should not be used in maximizing /minimizing the loss. The loss of $2.1 million on the “Without Basinger” film The $ 2.1 million loss which could be incurred by the filmmakers if they decided to shoot the film without Basinger cannot be used to calculate the lost contribution. This is because the figures are just based on assumptions and not actual figures. The figures are derived from the comparison made from various films done by the Main Line Pictures Inc. which involved Basinger and those produced in her absences (Biederman & Silfen, 2007). In maximizing /minimizing the loss profit incurred, this amount should not be included because the film was not produced so the actual loss caused by Basinger not taking part in the film cannot be traced. Accounting principles prohibit the use of assumptions when calculating profit or loss. Are the following relevant to the determination of lost profits to Main Line? Why? Basinger’s $3 million salary for “Final Analysis.” The salary proposed to Basinger for final analysis can be used as a start point in calculating the compensation. This is because it gives us a rough idea of what was to be her remuneration if she had taken part in a leading role. Thus Basinger’s salary is very relevant to this case. According to toSobel, (2002), Basinger was fully entitled to the salary and as the deal was set accor