ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Ovulation Disorder A person is infertile when they cannot conceive during one year of having unprotected sex. Infertility’s cause may be unknown or may be due to female factors, malefactors, or a combination of both. One of the most prominent reasons for infertility in women is an ovulation disorder. When hormones related to reproduction experience regulation problems, ovulation disorder arises. The condition occasions delays and disturbances in egg production in the menstrual cycle. Some conditions that give rise to ovulation disorder are overproduction of prolactin, hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, polycystic ovary failure, and primary ovarian insufficiency (Vogazianou, 2019). When the infertility cause is known, it can be treated. Still, some of the cases are so complex that a couple may end up not having a baby, especially when untreatable female factors are the cause. As discussed above, Hyperprolactinemia, also described as overproduction of prolactin hormone, is one of the reasons for ovulation disorder. Elevated prolactin levels inhibit the GnRH hormone neurons affecting the production of Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormones (FSH), reducing the amplitude and frequency of LH pulses (Lai, 2018). Increasingly lower luteinizing hormones due to elevated prolactin levels leads to permanent or temporary infertility in women. Infertility happens when LH stops ovulation or suppresses the production of the GnRH hormone (Vogazianou, 2019). Conditions such as Turner Syndrome and Klinefelter Syndrome cause elevated levels of LH hormones where people with these conditions can often fail to conceive. Interestingly, lower levels of LH in men and women can cause infertility because it leads to low sperm production and limits the ovulation process. Fortunately, higher prolactin levels are treatable through dopamine agonists giving hope of giving birth to thousands of women with infertility caused by high prolactin levels. Menarche and Menopause Menarche is the most unambiguous indication of the maturity of a female body when a female adolescent experiences their premier menstrual period. In itself, menstruation signifies the shedding of endometrial lining when fertilization does not occur after ovulation. Menarche relies on the healthy functioning of the human body and its hormones, with the average age for menarche being 12.4 years (Vogazianou, 2019). The most apparent body change that occurs before menarche is the increase in body size. Further, adolescent females experience the enlargement of the vulva, vagina, and nipples together with the breasts. Additionally, pubic hair growth an
Introduction The business environment in the modern world has seen leaders in organizations in all business industries being compelled to enhance their knowledge and skills in leading their business entities into success. Educational institutions have also identified the increase in the responsibilities of leaders and aligned the curriculum for leadership courses to meet these requirements. However, despite the application of the necessary measures to enhance the talents held by leaders, there have been many reported cases of leaders failing in their responsibilities. Current studies have shown that Lack of Knowledge Viinamaki (2012) is one of the scholars that have contributed to the current knowledge in leadership and the emergent challenges in the modern world. In his recent study, the main argument was that leaders in the contemporary world had been continuously subjected to a working environment that emphasizes the development of a value-based leadership approach, but their acquaintance with the required values is limited. The education system is quite effective in providing leadership skills, but some leaders lack the knowledge to translate various organizational situations from a value point of view. This results in the disability to communicate the necessary values and ethics that must be integrated into the various business processes. The researcher also revealed that most leaders lack the appropriate communication skills to project their vision to the human assets in a manner that fosters the embracement of mutual organizational goals (Viinamaki, 2012). The modern business environment has also fostered the development of values that compete with each other at times, and leaders have to make choices that attain parallelism with the values that make more sense to their respective organizations. However, most leaders do not apply the necessary benchmarks before making decisions; thus, leading to failure in their tasks. Implementing Faulty Leadership Models Most leaders in the modern world have focused on implementing transformational leadership models in their organizations. Hughes (2016) conducted a qualitative study that analyzed the opinions of various scholars on the transformational leadership model. According to his findings, this model has traditionally been effective in enhancing the performance of leaders and their followers, but the
This paper looks at similarities and differences between the photographic work of Aaron Siskind and that of David Duncan. Both photographers hold a preeminent position in the documentation of American photography. Siskind utilized photographs as a means to unveil abstractions. His photographs grew increasingly abstract as he centered sharply and narrowly on the items, he passed in his walks. He detached the sense of three-dimensional room and the immediate background from his photos and established the mature approach that would brand him as one of the excellent photographers of his time. Duncan, on the other hand, is eminent for his photography work during the Korean War. He captured images during the war and posted them in the life magazine and other places where Americans could access it easily. The two photographers also shared a vision of a clean and fresh America. Duncan relied on native people for messages on living far from the contaminated present world. His photographs enabled thousands of Americans who — obviously with recollections of the just-concluded World War II spanking in their minds— may have sought nothing other than to cover the carnage being imposed and continued in their name in Korea. Siskind, on the other hand, used photography as a skylight into the subconscious minds of Americans and a technique to react to the dirty happenings experienced in World War II. Siskind’s main subjects were graffiti and dashes of coats on walls, wallpaper and peeling symbols, together with special trees, nudes and gravel. Reminiscent of the abstract expressionists, he stressed the horizontal plane of the image surface instead of the picture as illusionistic hole. He regularly harmonized his pictures to plain marks and areas of color. His excellent works are alive with leaping lines and active patterns, but also touching on disintegration and vanishing memories. He took pictures of putrefying constructions and reflections in broken windowpanes. He examined objects that he discovered on piers, lobster legs and strings of ropes. He marked them and tried to find the correct angles and patterns of the weathered planks. He used surrealist art as a transom into the subconscious of Americans and a way to reflect on the negative impacts of World War II. Similarly, Duncan’s images from Korea expressed a scorching, inconvenient fact: that is, war is hell, and people still die horrific deaths, although the war in subject should be a “police act. One of Duncan’s best photographs was in 1950, during the forgotten war in Korea. This photo was one of the finest pictures ever made in any clash. Duncan, in his common volume “This Is War!” described the astounded, rigid Marine chief trying to regain his strength following an assault by North Korean army. Duncan’s philosophy was that war was in the eyes. In its basic, unwavering depiction of the ineffectuality, insanity, stamina and, sometimes, the simple decency one encounters during a firefight or an extended, bloody movement, Duncan’s depiction of Captain Fenton is not comparable with any other
Introduction The present document critically analyzes the financial information of CarMax, Inc. using fundamental and technical analysis. The report focuses on firm valuation by implementing fundamental investment management concepts. It further determines the financial position of the selected company i.e. CarMax, its industry, and the overall economy of the US to provide an investment recommendation. Company Overview CarMax Inc., which is one of the largest used car retailers in the United States, is listed on Fortune 500, and its registered office is in Richmond Virginia. Initially, Circuit City formed the company in 1993 ( CarMax annual report , 2013). A co-founder of the company was Richard L. Sharp, who was also the CEO of Circuit City. The company was incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1996 as CarMax, Inc. The company is registered as a holding company, and it carries out its operations through its subsidiaries ( CarMax annual report , 2013). Currently, the company operates in more than 128 locations of different U.S. cities. An increase of 14 percent in operating income was recorded in 2013 and its net earnings grew by 5 percent to $2.16 per share. The company’s performance significantly improved in the last five years. Ninety-eight percent of the company’s revenues were generated from its used car retail business. Only two percent of revenues were generated from used cars trading. Economic Analysis The difficult economic conditions as a result of the recent economic and financial recession in the United States adversely affected consumers’ behavior and their spending on automobiles. The overall and regional changes in the country’s economic conditions and its fiscal policy affected the availability of credit, consumer credit delinquency and loss rates, interest rates, oil prices, inflation, and unemployment rates. These factors immensely affected the sentiments of consumers due to which the overall spending declined. However, revenues of the automobile industry in the U.S. improved since 2012 as the economy recovered from the effects of economic recession (Hirt & Block, 2012). The GDP increased by 1.7 percent during 2013-2014, and the downward trend in unemployment rates pushed up the overall personal consumption expenditure. The interest rates remained low, which facilitated access to credit. It majorly contributed to the increase in sales of automobiles in the U.S. The inflation rate increased during this period (2013-2014). The high inflation rate increased the prices of cars sold in the U.S. A decline in gasoline prices also contributed to higher sales of cars. Industry Analysis The automobile retail industry of the U.S. proved its resilience and achieved high growth rates since 2012. In 2013, substantial growth of 13.4 percent in new light-vehicle sales was recorded. A recent report indicated there was a significant increase in sal
The breakthroughs within the field of information technologies revolutionized the environment of software development. However, it caused numerous challenges for vendors and especially software development teams that engage in this activity (Ilyas & Khan, 2017). Software integration is an essential part of the companies incorporating information technologies. There are several benefits of software integration that spam over several aspects. First of all, it improves human resources management by reducing the staff training for application maintenance coupled with gradation and updation. The integration often leads to the improvement of the reporting process. The company could easily make the improvements. As a result, updates could be made regularly. This approach has a central data storage which ensures security. Finally, it is possible to minimize the time spent on the external audit. Nevertheless, several issues could still be identified. The disadvantages of application integration make it difficult to build and maintain the program, given that incompatibility issues might emerge. Program debugging also becomes a difficult routine with this approach. In the end, it increases the financial and timely burden on the company. The role of Microsoft Office software such as Word, Excel, and PowerPoint is crucial for expanding opportunities available. They aid in the creation of virtual stickers and improve the interaction with advanced notepad. This way, businesses improve certain working aspects. For example, excel improves structural and formula-based data updates, while PowerPoint is essential for the presentation and visualization of meaningful business aspects. Even though software integration is a great business tool, it is essential to consider certain aspects of this action. Firstly, process flows need to be mapped, and the integration on the database level has to be avoided. Simultaneously, it is important to keep data duplication to minimal levels, and releases should be modular. Reference Ilyas, M., & Khan, S. U. (2017). Software integration in global software development: Challenges for GSD vendors. Journal of Software: Evolution and Process , 29 (8), e1875.
Introduction In Health Care Systems of the Developed World , Duance Matcha describes the various factors of the economic, societal, and political nature that affect the health care systems of the countries belonging to the developed world in different ways. The author’s purpose is to relay the information about the factors of the status quo of the modern health care systems in the developed countries and to convince the readers that there are a number of issues concerning the integrity and the differences between the different systems. Overview of the main ideas The countries studied by Matcha in Health Care Systems of the Developed World include The United States, The United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, Sweden, and Japan. On one hand, all of those countries are classified as belonging to the developed world. However, on the other hand, it is important that they also all have slightly different health care systems. Thus, the health care systems represented in the study vary from the market-maximized to market-minimized from the economic perspective and are dependent on the gender, racial and social class factors from the societal point of view. Considering the political environment of the majority of the developed countries, Matcha believes that political attitudes and confrontation between the conservative forces and their oppositions will also become more influential in terms of changing the system of health care. As a result, according to Matcha, conservative forces can be expected to encourage privatization in the sector of health care to make it more market-regulated. However, regardless of the political background, the structural demands of the health care systems of developed countries are very similar. That is why it is more important to analyze differences between the health care systems in those countries to understand which strategies should be further implemented in health care and which should be eschewed. In this context, Matcha refuses the belief that the introduction of computer-based technologies is the only common feature that will lead to the integration of the health care systems of the developed countries. First of all, Matcha reflects on the subject of the market orientation of the health care systems within the spectrum between the systems of The United Kingdom and The United States. Matcha criticizes the American health care system on a few issues. Most importantly, it is financed through a number of different organizations, including the insurance companies, managed health care organizations (privately owned hospitals and clinics) and some of the governmentally sponsored programs. Overall, in comparison to the other developed countries, Matcha suggests that the prevalence of private ownership of the health care system of The United States can be associated with the lesser access to the medical care among the citizens. In the United Kingdom, the model of the health care system called National Health Service (NHS) is
The main characteristics of the net generation are, they communicate using voice or data while on the move, they are internet savvy and are always connected either through WAP on the cell phones or Wi-Fi through their laptops, they are comfortable browsing the internet and shopping online, they prefer to spend more time in the virtual world through social networking sites than in the real world and, they like to collaborate and participate on social networking sites, on issues that matter most to them. To cater to the needs of the Net generation, today’s organizations need to adopt new technologies to succeed. This generation uses the internet to search for companies and every organization needs to have a website. Companies that sell products should consider having an online presence with e-commerce abilities, where consumers can securely purchase items using their credit cards. The four main categories of network management are LAN, WAN, Internet, and Security. LAN management focuses managing components of the private network, such as desktops, servers, and printers. WAN management is managing physical connectivity of LAN to the outside world, using technologies such as DSL, T1, or Fibre. Internet management is about managing internet traffic and securing the private network from malicious external attacks. Security management is all encompassing and includes protecting the private network not only from external attacks but also from internal attacks from disgruntled employees. The advantages of private network are it helps save cost, saves time, increases productivity, and encourages collaboration. The disadvantages of private networks are initial cost of implementation is high, requirement management tools, loss of confidential data in case the network is compromised.
If the information conveyed in the ads is truthful, should it matter that Dr. Jarvik is associated with the development of an artificial heart but is not a practicing physician? The fact that Dr. Jarvik is not a practicing physician is a big concern in this advertisement. He is known for his invention of an artificial heart. His invention catapulted him to national popularity. The drug is associated with him would have been better advertised by a practicing physician. A practicing physician would be in a better position to compliment the drug due to the fact he or she is always in touch with cholesterol cases. Dr. Jarvik has no mandate to complement the cholesterol drug as it does not fall in his docket. What advertising approaches do you think that Pfizer should take in the future to avoid the kind of scrutiny and criticism engendered by the Jarvik Lipitor ads? The company should adopt the use of statistics in its adverts. The drug in question had already been proven to work and therefore, statistics were available for all to review. As a way of technically using emotional advertising, the company can also quote popular personalities who have used or who still use the drug. The company can also decide to concentrate on advertising the distinctive features of the drug that set it out from other similar drugs. Lastly, the company can do what it should have done, getting the right person, most probably a popular practicing physician, to do the compliment. How might one determine when a company has crossed the line between puffery and outright deception? Puffery involves the exaggeration of a product’s features. It makes a product appear the best or too good. For instance, claiming that polar bears enjoy sipping a coke drink is an exaggeration of the sweetness of the drink – that even bears enjoy the drink. More often than not, it is hard to prove or disapprove of what is claimed in puffery. For instance, it would be a bit hard to prove or disapprove whether polar bears enjoy coke drinks or not. Likewise, a restaurant advertising that it serves the sweetest tea in town might be hard to disprove because sweet is more likely to be relative in this case. On the other hand, outright deception entails claims which can be proved easily without bringing in any sense of ambiguity or relativity. For instance, if a car manufacturer advertises that its race cars can move faster than light then that will be an outright lie. Summarize another situation where an organization committed puffery. Use at least one source and provide a descriptive opinion about what they did. Cite all sources used A jewelry retailer, Zale Corporation, carried out the promotion of its diamonds terming them the “the most brilliant diamonds in the world” (McCallon, 2012, p. 1). The adverts are backed up by claims “based on independent laboratory testing conducted in 2012 of round-cut diamonds from select leading national jewelry store chains” (McCallon, 2012, p. 1). The fact that Zales’s diamonds were not tested against all other diamonds in the world
Throughout time humans have been making their life comfortable and safe by using nature. Centuries ago, ancient people were gathering berries, fishing in the rivers and seas, killing animals for sustenance. Then man invented the ax to cut down trees to build a house. Later, he sat on an animal to move faster and used it as help to work the land. In more recent periods, humans built skyscrapers and complicated machines that can drive and fly in any direction. People still use animals for the same purposes, but they have entered a new role as leisurely household pets. In some countries, animals are used for testing drugs, cosmetics, and other experiments. When humans go for a hike, they burn woods and leave plastic behind them. Whilst wealthy men eat black and red caviar, fishermen put nets in the seas and oceans, causing the extinction of some species eternally to satisfy their demands. The increase of human control over nature and species has had a negative impact on the balance in ecosystems and caused the dying out of countless types of animals. People are concerned about their needs and do not think about the ecosystem’s sustainability and the consequences of their actions. Aldo Leopold, in “Thinking like a mountain” underlines an issue of humans’ influence on nature. By sharing his thoughts as a young man, Leopold (1949) claims that back then, he was sure that “fewer wolves meant more deer, and no wolves would mean hunters’ paradise” (p. 130). However, the chains existing in ecosystems and the order created by nature are interrupted by a man thinking beneficially for himself. Leopold proves that by an example of a cowman fighting wolves to protect the tribe; however, no cowman has ever thought that the wolves are trimming the herd for the balance in nature. The environment is a fragile system where everything is interconnected. While humans are afraid of wolves killing the deer, the mountain is suffering from the deer, destroying it. Aldo Leopold invokes humans to stop interrupting the natural flow o