ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Definitely, the two articles under consideration gave an extensive overview of what computer science and digital media mean for the contemporary youth. The articles ‘Gender differences in factors influencing students towards computing’ by Roli Varma and ‘Digital media and the generation gap’ by Lynn Schofield Clark are to be compared and briefly summarized within the content they hold. Therefore, it is necessary to determine where the two different articles have points of contact and where they completely disagree. Gender Differences in Factors Influencing Students towards Computing Both of these pieces of writings hold information about the influence of media and computers on our lives. However, still both of them have a difference in the aspect of view on this problem. The article ‘Gender differences in factors influencing students towards computing’ focuses on the problem of learning computer science by teenagers of different gender. Namely, how the interest of males and females is developing towards computers. Of course, the important issue touched upon in the article was the reasons for poor interest towards this science: shorts classes, the lack of teaching professionalism and subject materials, etc. Overall, it talks about the gender differences when it comes to using the computer. It is interesting to know that females get involved in computer science much later than the males do; besides, girls do not have that much interest unless they are forced to do it due to job opportunity connected to computer usage. Usually females start learning the computer closely when at high school, whereas boys express much interest towards the electronic device since elementary or middle school. This is one of the most notable gender differences when it comes to computing nowadays: ‘Historically, compared with men, women’s interest to pursue a career in a computer related field has been restricted’ (Varma 2009). Moreover, when reading the article some facts may stun one completely. For example, it is nearly outrageous that poor students are unfamiliar with computer as a modern technology device. Digital Media and the Generation Gap The second article ‘Digital media and the generation gap’ by Lynn Schofield Clark also tells about the differences in adopting the digital systems, namely, digital media. Except the focus is the difference of modern technologies’ perception between the age groups, namely, parents and their children. It is very interesting how the author outlines the attitudes of parents and their children, being raised in two different social groups, towards digital media. The article stresses the opinion of parents about digital devices being somewhat nuisance, however, at least informative and useful for the children’s studies. Whereas teenagers, in their turn, express such parents’ assent as a mere unawareness and absence of desire to learn about new technologies and the actual use of computer, text messaging, etc. The
The Grapes of Wrath Ideas depicted in The Grapes of Wrath are still relevant today. Social inequality, violence, poverty, and financial collapse are the today of the United States. The movie represents rural poverty as the foundation of social conflict. However, the primary emphasis is made not on the gap between rural and city dwellers, but on migrants and challenges they face every day. As people are caught up in poverty, they do not have adequate access to social protection, sources of income, and even food or hygiene (Dela). It means that their common life is filled with violence and struggle. The lack of financial resources is what affects people in the first place. In most cases, the influence is negative because living in a constant need cannot but lead to fighting each other in order to gain sources for living. Nevertheless, positive changes can as well be stimulated by poverty, as the existing social conflict entails sympathy for poor migrants – those who are degraded and exploited by people with more resources and authority. So, launching the struggle for social equality is the main consequence of interactions between people belonging to different social classes. To sum up, this movie is a powerful remainder of a significant success that was achieved in the sphere of guaranteeing social justice and protecting human rights. However, at the same time, watching it now, in the era of official equality, is helpful for realizing that even though everyone is legally equal and all critical challenges are filed as history, the problem of rural poverty and migrant exploitation remains and these people are degraded due to the lack of adequate financial resources that are necessary for carving out decent living. As I Lay Dying As I Lay Dying is a perfect representation of the elements of social justice. For me, this piece of writing best describes participation in social decision-making, as it is highlighted that options for the wealthy and the poor differ. For instance, the ability to affect others’ lives is given to those who are wealthier, as well as the poor cannot control their decisions and the course of their lives (recall the scene when Dewey Dells seeks an abortion with money from Lafe). Moreover, the poor are forced to accept their lifestyle and constant need that as well means that they take no steps to break out of this vicious cycle and alter social reality (recollect how Cash becomes disabled because of the lack of finance to fix his broken leg). Finally, those living in poverty are forced to agree to any opportunities of income they are offered because they do not have options for changing their lives and part
Rhode Island is a state in the United States of America and has a board known as the ‘The Rhode Island Board of Medical Licensure and Discipline’. This is a state government agency that was formed by law to protect the interest of the public and to promote and ensure high standards of practice and professionalism. The board has the following main functions (Robert, 2008). Licensure of the physician The board is the only body that has the power to license qualified physicians. The board determines the prerequisite for licensure. According to the RIBMLD, these prerequisites include; successful completion and graduation from a school of medicine, successful completion of not less than one year of post-graduate training and USMLE licensing examination, demonstration of high moral and ethical standards, and payment of the application fee. The board also offers an annual renewal of licenses for all physicians previously licensed in Rhode Island. Receiving, investigating complaints and discipline The board is charged with the responsibility of receiving complaints from different quarters. These complaints are normally reviewed and investigated deeply so that concrete evidence against or for a particular physician who is accused is gotten. If found guilty, the accused may be subjected to suspension, restriction to practice medicine, revocation of the medical license, counseling if necessary, and in cases of gross misconduct that may put the life of the public in danger, the license may be suspended. Assessing professional practices This function is concerned with monitoring and assuring professional conduct. It is the duty of physicians to demonstrate high standards of medical professionalism in order to put the interest of the public above their own. Some of the “unprofessional conduct” according to the statute is patient abandonment, the practice of medicine under the influence of alcohol, sexual harassment in the name of physician/patient relationship, and misinterpretation of any medical report or any other report at their disposal. This list is long and many new unprofessional conducts are continuously added to it. It is worth noting that the board heavily relies on the American Medical Association (AMA) code of ethics as the recommended standard (medical malptractice.com). Continuing medical education Continuing medic
Introduction The health sector has faced one problem after another. However, this sector has proven resilient in solving most of the challenges that it faces on its own. Currently, there are very many challenges that the sector faces. This paper discusses two challenges that affect health care in relation to health economics. These are the issue of health insurance and the conflict between agricultural and health policies in the country. Health Insurance One of the key challenges that the health sector faces is that of health insurance. Health insurance has proven to be challenging over the years, although it is one way of ensuring efficiency and effectiveness of health care. One of the recent trends that have been seen among people who have health insurance is that they purchase health products that they know nothing about. According to Cameron (7), this not only affects the health of the person, but it also increases their insurance policy. This statement insinuates the fact that the health insurance policy has increased the level of drug abuse in the country to some extent. In the same breath, some of the states are already debating taxation of health insurance policies. The health insurance policy is normally paid as part of employees’ compensation, thus it is never taxed. Taxation of this money will ensure that people do not abuse it. People will, therefore, refrain from buying unnecessary and arguably dangerous health products. Collision of the agricultural and health policies Another challenge that is affecting the health care sector is collision of agricultural and health policies of the country. In as much as h
Introduction The issue of humanitarian aid is interesting because, on the one hand, it allows providing help to people, often refugees that escape violence in their homeland, which is the case with war conflicts. On the other hand, it is unclear whether these efforts prolong or worsen the militant conditions and enable opposing parties to use this aid to their advantage in proceeding with the conflicts. Considering the presence of war conflicts in the contemporary world, such as the vents in Syria, it is necessary to clearly identify whether humanitarian aid’s benefits outweigh the negative impact it has. This paper will consider whether humanitarian aid in actuality is necessary for refugees’ camps and other settlements affected by war or if it worsens and prolongs conflicts by providing additional resources for the militants. One instance is the genocide in Rwanda, which affected thousands of people and led to many deaths. Thus, section one will provide a brief outline of the article by Sarah Kenyon Lischer in which the author elaborates on the topic in question. Section two will outline the arguments that support the need for humanitarian aid. Section three will focus on the opposing views using the example of contemporary conflict in Syria and the use of aid in the state. Finally, the fourth section will present a conclusion summarizing the principal opinions and determining whether humanitarian aid is a necessity in all cases regardless of the political implications and prospects of misuse. Background and History In the article Collateral Damage: Humanitarian Assistance as a Cause of Conflict , the author provides an example of Rwanda’s refugee camps that were used for recruitment and training of the militants. In essence, the encampments established to help civilians escape the war and provide them with food, water, and housing served as training camps further fueling the war in the state. Based on this, one can argue that in some cases, organizations providing humanitarian aid should dedicate efforts towards ensuring better security and invest resources in training police or using the help of guards. Firstly, Kenyon Lischer argues that the politicization of the groups engaged in a conflict impact the perception of humanitarian aid. 1 Secondly, the state’s ability to mitigate the conflict or lack of power to do so can lead to the misuse of resources. Finally, the moral implications that lead to the distribution of aid, usually described as impartial and neutral, do not consider the consequences that arise in regards to the political and military implications of the conflict. 2 Therefore, it is evident that humanitarian aid should not be viewed as merely a relief for citizens that became a part of violent conflict. It is because it can be used by militants as a vital resource for continuing their efforts in exacerbating the situation. The next section will consider the pro and con
Introduction Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia (MSO) is a well renowned, brand name. When the Chief Executive officer is the “brand”, it can be difficult to separate their personality from the identity of the company they represent. The values of the company are bigger than those of the founder, this is evident from the continued success in fortune, especially after its founder was accused of business malpractices such as; insider trading. This was in contrast of what analyst had predicted. It is imperative for any company to take into account alternative strategies in enhancing personal and organizational effectiveness. External and internal elements of communication should encompass extensive research for better planning and implementation to identify, with common patterns of organizational behavior and consumer attitudes (Polk & Wardwell, 2008). It would influence the strategy of sustaining its limelight, creating a competitive marketing strategy and restoring its image. Work Groups At MSO, teamwork within the work groups is emphasized to enhance multiple decisions; diverse experiences and collective judgment .For the team to exist individuals have to perceive themselves as part of the group. Thus, Martha Steward Living Omnimedia (MSO) in repositioning itself should take advantage of communication channels including social media to obtain customer feedback and build on them to improve its service and product delivery. Besides, through data obtained about employees should help the organization in identify areas to improve on. Rebranding, of any company is bound to fail if organization’s employees do not support it.Therefore, decisions made should incorporate suggestions from the people who identify most with the products. The effectiveness in employees’ performance enhances discipline, how employees relate with each other, their morale and instill motivation. Communications in a work group not only serve the need of informing, but also it is an important tool for controlling and an element of motivation. Therefore, for mutual and shared responsibilities among employees in the organization, effective communication in decisions made is critical for management at MSO to obtain positive feedback from their subordinates and other stakeholders. Communication The management should provide an elaborate communication strategy to strengthen performance and make employees feel part of the organization, become aware of ongoing trends and refute their fears about the organizations future goals. An organization is a society endowed with diverse employees of different backgrounds and culture. Hence, communication strategies are imperative in passing important organization information. Top management at MSO has to identify fitting strategies in terms of management style, which can increase; employee’s motivation, creates satisfaction, and enhances organizations behavior and performance. In resolving disillusionment, and high expectations bestowed on them by the public, strategies such as; participatory management is essential in building trust, empowering and motivating an employee in performing tasks (Passikoff, 2006)
Introduction The case Reynolds v. Sims (1964) appealed from the U.S. District Court. The plaintiff filed a lawsuit against the Alabama District Court due to the inadequate apportionment of the population voters. In the majority of cases, district voters should be equally allocated to permit everyone to quote equally. According to the Alabama constitution, each country can introduce only one representative to vote, as well as the one representative from the senatorial district. The problem arises when one country has more than one district which does not contribute to equal involvement of voters into the elections. Background The inadequate apportionment presented in the Alabama legislature deprived voters of rights stipulated in the Fourteenth Amendment and in the Alabama Constitution. According to the Equal Protection Clause, “No state shall make ore enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States” (US Const. n. d.). Therefore, the voters all over the counties suit against the official restricting their civil rights. The complainants declared that the Alabama legislative elections could not be regarded as constitutional. Therefore, the accusations were predetermined by serious discrimination against representatives from counties in which the population increased, which led to unequal apportionment, as compared to other countries in which the population growth rates were much lower. In addition, the Alabama constitution does not allow the divide country between several senatorial districts. In addition, the issue was strongly associated with related case Baker v. Carr , 369, U. S. 186 (1962) and, therefore, the Court should go further to continue correcting serious violations of equal voting. The actual law infringement lied in unequal apportionment that was sufficient to bias the foundations of republican government. In addition, before the case, urban counties had experience in underrepresentation. The officials claimed that the District Court was mistaken in supporting unconstitutional plans because a federal court was unauthorized to reapportion the legislature. In addition, the complaints appealed because the Court did not reapportion the senatorial district in accordance with the population distribution. Discussion The decision was upheld by eight justices who relied on the principle “one person, one vote”. Hence, Chief Justice Earl Warrant introduced the majority decision by stating that legislature should represent individuals, but not object
Introduction The building which was created by Walter Gropius in 1926 is considered to be one of the best architectural projects of the twentieth century. It was very fresh and new to use modern materials and combine magnificence and light space (‘Architecture!’ 2007). The author was inspired by American buildings of that time because skyscrapers seemed to have no walls and, at the same time, they were huge monoliths with walls made of glass. The modern era was waiting for people that would come and change everything. Changes were typical of all progressive people, though not every individual was able to fulfill the project of such scale as the Bauhaus Building. The original project took into account the place and time; however, it became an amazing combination of ‘aesthetic avant-garde and heavy industry’ (‘Architecture!’ 2007). One of the distinctive features of the building is its many-sided perspective, its façade with numerous parts of the same monolith, and multi-functional purpose. As it was aimed to be the workshop, the studio, and the housing place for students, it played the role of a small town where all components were within the building. The Bauhaus was built in a year; it is hard to imagine that the project of such complicated design could be built within one year. People that came to the presentation of the Building and inauguration of Walter Gropius (as he was supposed to become a director of the School for Architecture) saw a tremendous cube made of light, glass, and regular forms which became a distinctive feature of the Modern design (‘Architecture!’ 2007). The initial project included a part within a building where professors would be able to live, though finally separate houses were placed standing by themselves. The design is complicated and simple at the same time because forms and regular proportions involve the visitors and observers into the modern world which is inclined to be full of geometry, proportions, flat roofs (this aspect was considered to be n
Problem Definition Arabian Dreams is a hotel conglomerate headquartered at Al Raffa, Dubai. This research will focus on the Arabian Dreams hotel apartment at its headquarters. The quantity of negative feedback that the company receives at its websites and at holiday watchdog sites has increased (Holiday Watchdog 2012). The Hotel needs to identify the aspects of service production that cause customer dissatisfaction. If the organisation understands these discontentments, then it can work towards reducing or eliminating them. It would then have a greater advantage over its competitors. The business needs to build relationships with its customers and thus increase loyalty. Higher commitment eventually results in greater returns for the company. If clients are dissatisfied with the services in a specific hotel
Strengths Unusual menu choices Since its establishment, Karam Pizza has seen a tremendous growth because of the extraordinary menu choices its clients have. Karam Pizza brings together wide variety of Italian and Indian cuisines. This extraordinary menu is the Karam’s biggest strength that increases its competitive advantage. Quality food Along with providing unique menu, the pizzerias are also committed to providing quality products to its customers. Given the fact that the competitors are capable of copying and introducing the pizzeria unique menu, the only way to differentiate its food is through quality. This will ensure the customers sustainability. Large customer base accruing from the working vicinity The large pull of customers is strength to the business. The customer base consists of the delivery businesses as well as the increasing number of the office workers. These large pools of customers will result into increases in pizzeria sales revenues. This will eventually be used for its expansion and growth. Strong reputation The reputation of the business as the only restaurant that offers unique and best quality is another strength of the business. The reputation ensures increased clientele as well as helping in building the brand loyalty. The strong reputation the business has built in the last three years will help it retain its customers. It will also aid the business gain the needed competitive edge. Weaknesses Incapacity to service the incoming customers The pizzeria-limited capacity to service large pool of walk-in customers contributes negatively to its sales revenues. As the restaurant reputation grew the capacity to serve its customers especially during dinnertime was limited. The limitations were seen in terms of the quantity of food as well as efficiency in delivering services. Order delays together with low food productions have made the restaurant lose some of its customers who made it succeed. Limited funds The restaurant lack of funds is a hindrance to its rapid expansion. Karam Pizza is just a mere one-shop restaurant. Therefore, it has not generated enough pool of capital to expand on its operations. Moreover, the restaurant is not large enough to benefit from the economies of scale. Lack of enough capital has a negative effect on its capacity to deliver services to its clientele Very focused on specific kinds of food Another weakness the restaurant is facing is the lack of diversification. The restaurant specializes only on one of its combined cuisi