ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The stakeholders and shareholders have interests and responsibilities in the ethical issues which are economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic. The stakeholders and shareholders have an interest in ethics since they act as the code of conduct that guides their day-to-day activities of planning, organizing, implementing, monitoring, and evaluation. In addition, stakeholders have vested interests in ethics because they are set to enhance coexistence in a society. Stakeholders and shareholders of the Clean Power Company have responsibilities in the ethics of the company. Their responsibilities enhance the investment by the organization directly and to the other beneficiaries indirectly. The company will make more profits, employees will be earning more, community services like the construction of schools and hospitals will be undertaken by the company, and environmental conservation projects will be implemented by the company. Economic It is ethical to lower the price of the stocks. Therefore, stakeholders and shareholders develop an interest in the ethic because it reduces fluctuation in the prices of goods and services through standardization. Thus, stakeholders have the responsibility of coping with the inflation rates. In addition, stakeholders have the responsibility of utilizing all the available resources effectively. Effective utilization of resources can only occur when the stakeholders cooperate and realize the need to plan, organize, implement, and monitor activities that boost the economic status of a country. Legal Legal ethics have to be adhered to in spearheading the development of the new site and also in the selection, recruitment, and placement of new employees. Stakeholders and shareholders have vested interests in the ethics because they enhance legal immigration and legal human resource practices. When legal ethics are adhered to, there is a tendency for peaceful coexistence, honesty, respect, accountability, and transparency in the organization and in the country. Philanthropic Philanthropic duties include community work like construction of roads, installation of electrical cables, building schools, supplying schools and institutions with learning facilities, and providing other services freely or at a cheaper price to the community. Stakeholders and shareholders have great interest in carrying out philanthropic duties. This ensures that the stakeholders are in harmony with the local community. Conclusion In conclusion, it is important for stakeholders to be aware of laws and ethics when doing business. Awareness enables them to learn their roles and responsibilities. In addition, awareness enables them to participate in the formulation of ethics. Therefore, they will respect the ethics and laws and do anything to adhere to them. Stakeholders should share common interests and also complement each other in their responsibilities.
Introduction Change is a factor that cannot be avoided within an organization in the current business environment. According to Gerritsen (83), business units are faced with numerous factors that demand changes in various operational strategies in order to remain competitive. In the oil industry, the competition has gotten so stiff that managements of various oil firms are forced to develop new ways of managing this competition. A number of factors, top of which is technology, bring about the dynamics in the business environment. Firms cannot afford to ignore these factors if they intend to remain competitive in the market. They must find a way of bringing change within their organization in a manner that would yield desired outcome. Before introducing change, it is important to understand some factors that can be used to motivate this change within an organization. Some of them are always external factors, while others are internal factors. By determining these factors, the management will be able to determine how they can be introduced within an organization to influence change in a positive way. Another important issue during the scan would be to determine the possible outcome of change within an organization. If this is done successfully, the firm can then consider introducing change after determining all the related outcomes, and the best ways of encouraging positive continuous change (McMurran 32). This research paper will seek to determine ways of influencing change in organizations and determining what that might mean for a business. Factors involved in motivating individuals to change and how this work in an organizational setting The main challenge in implementing change within an organization is the possible resistance that may come from the stakeholders. This means that management should find a way of motivating stakeholders to embrace change within an organization. It is important to understand some of the important factors that may motivate individuals to change. The factors can be influenced internally or externally. Internal factors that might encourage organizational change Internal factors are issues within an organization that may motivate change. These issues can be manage
Introduction Louis L’ Amour was a talented man: “He was a merchant seaman, miner, professional boxer, a recipient of the presidential Medal of Freedom and an author of over 90 novels” (Swaim 1). He wrote books including Crossfire, The Walking Drum, Trail, Hondo, Last of the breed and Sackette’s land. He was one of the best writers as well as one of best seller who sold over 225 copies of his work. His talent was nurtured by his family background. His parents had a library where he started reading at a young age. He had heard many stories of pioneers and Native Americans. His books are now in many different languages and have been made into 30 films (Liukkonen 1). An analysis of Louis L’ Amour writings reveal violence and boldness to be the means of wealth and freedom acquisition. Louis L’ Amour In “Radigan”, Louis L’ Amour brings out the story of a man who was very hardworking. His hard work had earned him a ranch. Later on, the rancher Tom Radigan was faced by a tough battle that threatened to take away his land. Angelina Foley was determined to take away the labor of Tom Radigan by claiming to be the legal owner of the ranch. This beautiful woman went further and hired gunmen to fight him from the ranch. This was a significant writing that reflects our society today. Violence of people to gain what they have not worked for is the order of the day. This story still finds a place from the past to present (Peters 1). “ The broken gun ” book is characterized by violence. Dan Sheridan was doing a research on the disappearance of the Toomey brothers and other 25 young men who had disappeared at Arizona with a herd of 4000 cattle. Manuel Alvarez had sent a note to Dan Sheridan which said that he had information about the brother’s disappearance but he was brutally murdered before he passed the information (Lamour 1). This story ventures in brave men and women who stood out as leaders. Louis writings had poetry and words of wisdom within them His quotes are important in the society from the past and even today. They gave instructions and guidance which are key elements in leadership and success. He said in Sackett’s Land that, “I would not sit waiting for some vague tomorrow, nor for something to happen. One could wait a lifetime, and find nothing at the end of the waiting. I would begin here, I would make something h
Theories on Aging The relations between aging and death are rather complex. The results of lots of studies display that aging reduces the efficiency of surgical interference, resistance to bacteria, and repair damage. The examination of people aged 30–75 have shown that the effectiveness of lung functioning reduces by 50%, that bones become more fragile and that the immune system that guards the body against infections becomes less capable with age. Why this worsening in the organism working happens with age is still not clear. Several concepts have been suggested to explain this process. One theory suggests that after the passing of the active period of reproduction, chemical transformations in the body cause the steady misfunctioning of organs and cells. The growth of damages in the organ elements that are required for the creation of new cells of the body leads to death. Such as, it has been revealed that the creation of the genetic material deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is subjected to mistakes with aging. Other theories concerning aging with death describe the negative impact of stresses on the organism and suggest that the creation of unuseful material in the body decreases the ability of the organism to act correctly. The most convincing arguments on aging relate to the description of one factor or the complex of factors such as the following: hormonal control, limited cell division, gene theory, gene mutation theory, protein cross-linkage theory, and free radical action. In protection of hormonal control, there is the examination that the thymus gland starts shrinking at the period of adolescence, and aging is more rapid for people without a thymus. Another hormonal theory is based on the hypothalamus activity (at the base of the brain), which supervises the secretion of growth hormones in the pituitary gland. It is considered that the hypothalamus either fails in its normal functioning or that it starts making more errors with time, which leads to physiological aging. The latest theories come from cell and molecular biology. Cells keep dividing only up to the moment of their death. Cells that are taken from embryos or infants tend to divide more than those, which are taken from adults. Therefore, it is considered that this is the basing system of aging — since cells are no more able to divide to renew themselves, a person starts aging and approaching death. Though, most scholars have reached the decision that most cells (except brain and muscle) are able to continue the division process for much longer than the normal life cycle. Discussion on death and aging Death and aging are some of the human organism puzzles. Some consider aging as the beginning of the end, some as the end of the beginning. But there are still lots of optimists in our world who consider aging as the new beginning. It is the beginning of another life, full of changes and summing up of the results of the whole life. It is arguable that aging is negative. From the physical a
Introduction Change is inevitable, and it occurs in all spheres of life including the economic, political, and social phenomena. The aspect of change is highlighted through the current trends of activities that show discrepancy with past happenings. Novels among other publications also play a critical role in demonstrating the aspect of change that has taken place after some period. This paper is an argumentative essay based on the 1975 novel, Ragtime, by E. L. Doctorow. Works of literature contain various themes. These themes range from historical experiences to the day-to-day events. However, novels, movies, and other diverse works of literature that purport to convey historical information are ambiguous. This assertion holds because they lack the authenticity of historical changes and thus invalid and inaccurate. The novel, Ragtime, is an example of works that have a historical setting. The novel is relevant as it gives historical evidence of factual changes in the United States during the period 1902 to 1912 when it was set. The novel, Ragtime , underscores the theme of change through the main characters by being accurate about the history of the period. The theme of change and connections between the novel and history of the period The novel’s context is set in the past on issues that occurred in New York City in the period between 1902 and 1912. The novel is associated with the literary genre of historical fiction that aims to focus the plot of the novel on historical settings (Ramin and Mirandi 162). Therefore, the novel demonstrates the behavioral and social conditions of the characters while paying close attention to the past. Ragtime depicts the elements of historical fantasy through its deliberate efforts of inserting historical scenes and elements in its plot. The novel also contains scenes that illustrate happenings that occurred before the commencement the First World War. The novel has various connections with the American history. Ragtime portrays an aspect of immigration that was dominant in the US during that period. A huge stream of immigrants arrived in the US from a variety of nations including Germany, Britain, Italy, Russia, Canada, among other nations. Most immigrants occupied large cities in the East Coast with an example of Tateh, Mameh, and the little girl as demonstrated in the novel who settled in New York City (Doctorow 6). Other immigrants settled in the Midwest where they were able to secure employment opportunities in the industries, construction, and mining sites. Some immigrants returned to their homes after making savings in the United States. A majority remained in the US with the hope becoming prosperous. The novel is connected to the American history through the theme of industrialization. During the period when the novel was set, the United States emerged as the most industrialized nation. The continuation of the technological revolution was evidenc
Executive Summary The project focuses on the investigation of zero waste management as a viable option of saving the planet from pollution and increasing environmental sustainability efforts. The introduction gets the audience acquainted with the general idea of the paper and the key concept investigated. A relevant model supporting the rationale is the 3R approach. The methodology section briefly presents the methods utilized in research and the questions to be answered. In the research ethics part, the main principles of ethical research are outlined, with the specification on the current project’s goals and requirements. The review of literature is the most extensive part since it analyses scholars’ investigations of the research problem. Several sections are singled out in the review, united by general topics on which previous studies have focused. Findings from the literature point out the main points singled out in research articles. The SWOT analysis includes an overview of the major strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of zero waste management. In the recommendation section, suggestions on promoting zero waste are given. The conclusion reiterates the main points made in the project. Introduction Sustainability has been the main common goal for all humanity in the past decades, and it still remains a highly crucial issue. Whereas all aspects of sustainable development are highly important, finding solutions to environmental problems is more crucial than economic or social ones. One of the most viable approaches to overcome the problems of unfriendly treatment of the biosphere is zero waste management. This concept was introduced in the 1970s with the meaning of “recovering resources” (Song, Li and Zeng, 2015, p. 200). The major purpose of the zero-waste approach is the arrangement of a circular flow of materials, thereby reducing waste to the minimum. A Relevant Model to Underpin the Rationale The most relevant model of zero waste management is the so-called 3R model: reduce, reuse, recycle. The model comprises such aspects as development, production, construction, use, and disposal (Singh, Ramakrishna and Gupta, 2017). Zero waste, which incorporates two main aspects, is the major goal of the 3R model. The factors most closely related to zero waste are the recycling of waste and sustainable manufacturing (Singh, Ramakrishna and Gupta, 2017). Recycling may include e-waste (electric and electronic), ceramics, machine scrap, and other types of waste. Meanwhile, sustainable manufacturing involves the most recent trends in the machine industry, foundry, and o
Language and its complexity is undeniably one of the greatest skills that humanity possesses. It has existed for tens of thousands of years and reflects the uniqueness of the human beings. The interaction, which language allows, creates endless possibilities in expression and conveying of information. The limitless amount of words, phrases and the way they are put together, gives a chance to fully and practically communicate with others and the self. The swear words are a separate division of language, as the meaning of the swear words greatly differs from others. By one opinion, the swearing in the modern society has increased. From another perspective, the opposite might be true. The context of a swear word is informal and foul. Sometimes, a word is used out of place, so indirectly, any word can be labeled as taboo. The present world has been greatly desensitized to swear words and often, people do not consider it as standing out. Official social figures and authorities do not use foul language, as they have an image to support. This is where the power of language demonstrates itself in the fullest spectrum of its abilities. In the media, any kind of language is used since it is considered an art form or type of expression. As people get used to hearing these words, they stop thinking of them as “taboo”. It is the meaning behind the words. Very often, something that is stated seemingly clear, on further thought can presuppose another meaning, so swearing might be conceptual. The listener will have to analyze the situation and conditions, which were present during the speaking. These are part of indirect speech, which in turn lead to the indirect speech acts. The word “act”, defines the meaning and the physical understanding of what is being said and, which actions will the said words lead to. There are many factors that influence the understanding and assumptions of both the speaker and the listener. As such, a society has a need for rudeness and expression of anger. Most likely, swear words will always exist in some form, as the need to differentiate from formal language cannot disappear. Another important aspect in understanding how and what was said is the culture of a nation. Sometimes social norms are strict, so the swear words will stay taboo. The meaning attributed to certain words could absolutely change the intended meaning of the speaker. For example, in some cultures it might be impolite to directly answer a request with a no and a person unaware of that could offend the listener, without even knowing it. This would make words different from western swear words taboo. Irony and sarcasm are other cultural attributes. A nation that accepts such things will understand the speaker and appreciate the reference made, but someone from a different background will create a negative predisposition towards the person speaking. The reputation of the speaker also plays a role in expressing unacceptab
Differential Diagnosis Plantar fasciitis (PF) is defined as a painful heel with inflammation of the plantar fascia (Lemont, Ammirati & Usen, 2003). Bill has reported pain under the left heel. Bill is a 42-year-old with subcalcaneal pain which is a common orthopedic problem occurring in people between the age group of 30 to 70 years (Meyer et al., 2002). Diagnosis of PF can be reasonably made by Bill’s clinical assessment, history, and physical examination (Alvarez-Nemegyei & Canoso, 2006; McPoil et al., 2008). Patients of PF report severe pain especially during the first-morning activity involving walking usually after a period of inactivity (McPoil et al., 2008). PF patients experience morning pain along with inflammation and commonly present local calcaneal tenderness (Young et al., 2004). The pain usually reduces with activities such as walking or running but may tend to worsen towards the end of the day (Alvarez-Nemegyei & Canoso, 2006). Research indicates that patients generally report a recent change in the level of activity such as walking or running for increased distances or longer periods (McPoil et al., 2008). Differential diagnosis of heel pain can be overwhelming in the absence of a systematic approach (Alvarez-Nemegyei & Canoso, 2006). The first point of interrogation is the actual place of pain which could be at the back or bottom of the heel or around the ankle (Alvarez-Nemegyei & Canoso, 2006). The next step is to consider any structural faults by examining motion and palpations. The final question should be aimed at finding any inflammatory and metabolic diseases in the patient (Alvarez-Nemegyei & Canoso, 2006). Some of the differential diagnoses which must be considered in patients with PF are calcaneal stress, bone bruise, fat pad atrophy, soft tissue primary or metastatic bone tumors, and severe disease (Alshami et al., 2008; Nuhmani, 2012). The differential diagnosis for Bill will include the following aspects. Fat pad atrophy Patients of PF having soft and thin heel pads could experience aggravated pain by wearing ha
There is plenty that can be said about the issues that were concerned with slavery, but the truth remains a bitter pill to swallow. The book shows the struggles that slaves underwent during the period of slavery. This was more so for the women who were involved and worked as slaves. The workers endured difficult times during slavery due to the stigma that was in the air, regarding what was considered the lower castes. The book shows that there was a lot of ignorance in the course of the period of slavery. This may be described better in many situations in the book. Most of the situations that were depicted showed one such situation was when one character in the book lent out money in the range of three hundred dollars to her owner. It was well known that slaves had no right to any property and thus the money did not count as hers. The money was lent out on the basis of pure honor (Jacobs 13). The borrower had no obligation to pay back the money. The sexual abuse and assault that the slave women endured under the hands of their masters was another degradation that they knew they would do nothing about. This was due to the fact that they were wholly owned by their masters, and had nowhere to go when such incidences as rape occurred. The masters were well aware of the situation that the slaves were in and they took full advantage of the situation. They were also aware that the salves were ignorant and they could take advantage of their weaknesses. The book states that the author had to befriend a neighbor in order to try and protect herself from her owner who decided to seduce and threaten her, rather than rape her, although he would have done so eventually. The fact that she did what she was avoiding to do with her neighbor describes the levels of desperation that the slaves experienced, and it goes to show that they were ready to go to great extents in order to ensure that they were not violated. Hiding in the attic for around seven years and only seeing her children through a peep hole in the wall, in order to avoid meeting her master who intended to make her his lover ,is quite enough proof that the slaves would stretch their imaginations just to get a sense of freedom. It was a really trying time for the slaves as they were bound by laws that forced them to stay in the places that they had been sold. These laws stated that an owner could do whatever they pleased with the slaves that he or she had bought or paid money for from a trader. The twists and tales of the script speak volumes about the lives that the slaves underwent. The main character endeavors to bring her family sired by the neighbor together. Her children are torn apart and they are forced to live in different places although at some point they keep getting back together. This depicts a true sense of commitment that the slaves had towards their families. It is a natural instinct that is in-built in people that is exuded in situations that seem or appear to be tearing them apart. Works Cited Jacobs, Harriet. Incidents in the life of a slave girl , Ca