ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Transnational migration has remained to be a critical subject in ethnographic studies. The movement of people from one region to another is a trend of development that is historical in nature. This means that most populations in the world reside in places or regions that are not their ancestral homes. The United States is one of the countries that harbor a lot of people from other countries and regions that surround the country. The presence of foreigners in the country and the need to check immigration in the country has been a subject of national concern in the recent years. This concern has come from the negative impacts of immigration in the United States. More often than not, the focus has been on the social impacts of transnational migration in North America and the neighboring regions; that is, the Caribbean and South America. Contemporary demographic studies are expansive in nature. They focus on diverse impacts of demography, among them the social, economic, cultural, and environmental impacts of demography in a given region. It is critical to look into the impacts of transnational migration in the United States and the neighboring regions, with the need to enhance sustainable development as a way of catering for t
The observation of variables plays a dramatic role in conducting any research, as they serve as indicators of any quantitative and qualitative changes during the intervention. According to the researchers, a variable is a property or a characteristic of an entity that may vary in terms of quality and quantity (Apuke, 2017, p. 43). The primary differentiation of variables encompasses the existence of independent, dependent, and extraneous variables. The independent variables are the ones being manipulated by the researchers to observe the hypothesized outcomes. The dependent variables, for their part, stand for the means of measuring the outcomes of the independent variable manipulations. For instance, in the study presented by Magtibay et al. (2017), in order to define how blended learning affected nursing burnout, the researchers used blended learning intervention as an independent variable, with the dependent variable being the stress and burnout levels among nurses. The last type of variable is an extraneous variable, which stands for the type of variable that is not independent and is not explicitly controlled by the researcher, leading to some unexpected outcomes and effects on the dependent variables (Bhandari, 2021). This variable is fundamentally divided into demand characteristics, experimenter effects, situational variables, and participant variables (Bhandari, 2021). One of the primary ways to control the extraneous variables is to secure a relatively stable environment throughout the intervention, especially when it comes to situational variables such as setting and participants’ conditions. Another means of controlling extraneous variables is to depend on the entirely random assignment of participants to the control and intervention groups in order to stabilize the occurrence of the characteristics peculiar to each participant of the study.
Classical works of art are usually masterpieces each of which is distinct and noteworthy in its own way. Still, a person might interpret these works and find something in them that would be especially memorable for that individual. In this paper, I would like to discuss a poster created by a famous painter, and explain why it caught my attention and stayed in my memory for a long time. The work of art that I would like to consider is the poster “Flirt” (Fig. 1) by a famous Czech painter and decorative artist Alphonse Mucha (1860-1939). Mucha moved to Paris in 1887, where at some point he started painting posters and advertisements in order to earn money. The poster “Flirt” (1899) is one of such advertisements; it was aimed at promoting a brand of biscuits. I first saw this picture while surfing the Internet a few years ago, when I was reading about famous painters. In spite of the fact that the poster is only an advertisement, it truly is a work of art (along with other numerous Mucha’s creations). It depicts a young woman in a light-colored dress and a young man in a nice suit. The woman’s face is turned to the audience, but her eyes are half-closed, and she is slightly smiling. The rest of her body is turned under the angle of approximately 45° to the man standing to her left. Her lower body is positioned farther from the man, but the upper body “approaches” him. She also exposes her neck to him. The man, on the other hand, is looking at her with distinct interest; his body is turned to her, his right hand is moving the edge of his jacket somewhat backwards, whereas his left hand is placed on his waist, which also denotes his interest in her. Figure 1. The poster “Flirt” by Alphonse Mucha (“Flirt – Advertising Posters” n. pag.). From the description, it is clear that the poster depicts two young people who are flirting. The young woman attempts to show her modesty, positioning the lower part of her body farther from the man; on the other hand, it is also clear that she is interested in him, moving the upper part of the body closer to him, as if leaning to him. She also turns her face away from him and half-closes her eyes – this, too, to show modesty; but, on the other hand, she shows him an exposed part of her neck, which can be interpreted as a sign of trust and a way of flirting, as well as the angle under which her body is positioned in relation to the man. The man is showing his interest in her in a much more open and apparent way by fixing his jacket (as if exposing his chest in the process) and touching his waist. The picture captured my attention due to the fact that it is psychologically precise; such behavio
A Mult-Theoretic Perspective on Trust and Power in Strategic Supply Chains What Are the Functions of Strategic Supply Chains as Sources of Competitive Advantage? The article under consideration is about the four main strategies which can be used in order to improve the strategic supply chain and cooperation between organizations. In this article, the authors touch upon numerous aspects in order to give clear and reasonable grounds of why the offered strategies are chosen. From the very beginning, it is defined that strategic supply chains are such “chains whose members are strategically, operationally, and technologically integrated, underscored by long-term relations based on stability yet flexibility” (Ireland and Webb 2007, p.482). With the help of such definition, it becomes clear that any supply chain needs a certain strategy and some operations to be maintained on the proper level. In the tree-diagram presented above, the main ideas and functions that are performed by the strategic supply chains are clearly identified. It is also mentioned why and how improvements need to be implied. Power and trust are considered to be the two main issues of these chains. They are characterized by numerous aspects such as trust in partners and situations and coercive and non-coercive types of power. And what is more, the relations between power and trust have to be developed by means of four strategies which are described at the top of the tree. These strategies as well as concepts of power and trust are regarded as the central points of the article and the diagram. The authors underline the importance of the strategies during the whole article and admit that “establishing an authority, forming a common supply chain identity, interlocking organizations trough the use of boundary spanners, and maintaining organizational justice” are the major steps which have to be taken to promote optimal use of power and trust under the certain circumstances each organization may face (Ireland and Webb 2007, p.494). This diagram represents a clear picture of how the events are developed in the article and what aspects have to be highlighted to get an informative picture of strategic supply chains. Reference List Ireland, RD & Webb JW 2007, ‘A Multi-Theoretic Perspective on Trust and Power in Strategic Supply Chains’, Journal of Operations Management vol. 25, pp. 482-497.
Spain, Ireland, France, Morocco, and Venezuela are the countries we are going to trade with as they have the greatest potential to accept our products. To analyze the environmental factors which impact marketing in each of the mentioned countries, the following information should be considered, population demographics, marketing infrastructure, social and cultural consumption value, economic performance value, and trade agreements of these countries with the USA, if any. Demographic information is very important as it helps understand how many products may be consumed by the country. The number of population and its natural increase along with the increase of the immigrants influence marketing possibilities in the country. To consider the economic activity of the countries we are interested in as a focus of our marketing, GROWTH rate of GDP volume should be researched. The highest real GDP gross rate has Ireland, 1.9, then comes France with 1.8 and Spain with 1.7 (US Census Bureau, 2011). The USA has free trade agreement with Morocco (2010 Exports of NAICS Total All Merchandise, 2010). Being a member of the world trade organization, the USA is able to have trade with such countries which are also the members of the WTO as France, Ireland, Spain and Venezuela (accepted on January 1, 1995) (Members and Observers, 2008). Considering the foreign trade division from TradeStats Express™ Home (2010) it is possible to state that the USA trading relations of the USA on the basis of the 2010 exports of NAICS total all merchandise are more active with France (27,1010,086,542), Venezuela (10,871,458,252), Spain (10,150,152,036), and Ireland (7,271,995,620). Less active relations are with Morocco (1,947,232,972). These data are presented in thousands [$ USD]. Social factors are also important for the analysis of the marketing opportunities in the country. Considering the percentage rate of male in labor participation, it should be mentioned that 80% of male population work in Morocco and Venezuela, while only 62% in France. This shows the social relations in the country and the attitude to the equality of male and female roles in the society. Considering the cultural levels in the countries, school enrollment gross may be discussed. 107% of gross in school enrollment is observed in France. Still, other countries do not leg behind too much, and in Venezuela this activity is 103%, the lowest among the countries we dwell upon (The World Bank, 2011). Market value of the countries under consideration is important for the analysis of their marketing. It is impossible to consider the whole picture by stating the market value only of the last year. It is better to see the dynamics and changes in the market capitalization from 2005 to 2009. The following general conclusion m
Introduction United Nations is a worldwide organization that was established in 1945 after World War II to substitute League of Nations, whose mission was to bring to end wars between countries and to grant a platform for discussion. United Nations aims at facilitating cooperation in international law, promotion of international security, improving economic development, protection of human rights and advocate for world peace. At present, there are about one hundred and ninety-two member countries, including virtually every acknowledged independent state in the world. Its headquarters are in New York City, the United Nations is divided into administrative organs which deal with substantive and administrative issues. In 1963, the General Assembly accepted a list of 64 countries to which the Declaration is practical. The 16 countries which are still under the colonial rule are, Western Sahara, American Samoa, New Caledonia, Guam, Pitcairn, Tokelau, Anguilla, Bermuda, Caicos Islands British Virgin Islands, Anguilla, and Cayman (karns, pg 15) The Roles of the UN in Decolonization The spirit of the United Nations looks ahead to working together with the administering Powers, the Special Committee, the Department of Political Affairs, and the Secretary-General, in the formulation, promotion and implementation of the decolonization process in Territories that have not yet attained self-independence in the world. Efforts have been put in place to ensure that this process is successfully by the United Nations. The united nations also have been working together with the international community to create awareness on issues relating to self-determination and the decolonization process. Through the Chief of the Decolonization Unit, the united nation aims at formulating strategies that aim at eradicating colonialism before the end of this century. The United Nations inspires and encourages efforts to ensure that the countries that are not Self-Governing could exercise their right to self-independence, towards the end of the decolonization process. The United Nations has come up with activities and decolonization plans that facilitate the administration of powers that formulate policies and regulations that protect the rights of the Non-Self-Governing Territories to participate in the decolonization process in their country. The united nation has been also advocating for the acceleration of globalization, which strategies to meet the target of full decolonization in non-Self-Governing countries by the end of the period of the decolonization process. The United Nations General Assembly adopted the worldwide pronouncement of Human Rights as protection for people against cruelty and discrimination. This kind of declaration was adopted during the period of world war when the most barbarous crimes in h
Whether talking about his “Golden Arches/McDonald’s Theory” or “Dell Theory” or that the “world is flat,” Thomas Friedman offers a provocative argument about where we now are internationally, how we got there, and where we are going. Explain and assess his views, including their economic and security implications, touching as well on his critics. Thomas Friedman observes that forces of globalization exist to check inconsistencies between two States that resolute to put on the ‘golden straitjacket’. Abridging the theory to the fast-food heights of generalization, he postulates that no State with McDonalds has ever battled a combat with another State ( Freidman, 2005) . Specifically, if companies have key delivery series procedures in States other than the company’s home State, those States will never participate in armed warfare. This is owing to the financial interdependence between States that emerges from a huge conglomerate. For instance, Toshiba having delivery chain operations in manifold worldwide localities and the unwillingness of emerging economies, in which delivery series operations frequently go on has enabled the countries to maintain peace. Technology has altered the form of the earth. Economical and plentiful infrastructure and broadband bondage have made it simple for information vocation to be completed from anywhere in the globe. This has formed a “flat” worldwide opinionated, financial and artistic playing turf. When each of these belongings unexpectedly emerged, it became possible to distribute academic assets from anywhere. It could be disaggregated, distributed, dispersed, created and assembled again. In addition, this conveyed completely innovative extent of liberty to the way things are made, particularly things that call for intelligence and not physical contact. Tom Friedman maintains that the convergence of these progresses is as radical as Gutenberg and the publish press in the 15 th century and the way it acts out will be the essential worldwide comedy of the untimely 21 st century (Freidman, 2005). The economical accessibility of software and broadband internet has equalized the setting. It has formed a recently flat universally opinionated, financial, and artistic playing turf that permits States formerly detached from the hubs of authority to partake in the hunt for affluence as long as they have the dexterities and communication that is represented by broadband acquaintances and the force to undertake it. Friedman clarifies what the level earth implies to States, corporations, the public and persons as the way regimes and the public can and have to adjust. Upcoming years will not be similar to the precedent ones. Outsourcing is unavoidable and criticisms or contentment would not determine anything. To do well in upcoming years, persons and corporations have to enlarge policies that fit worldwide authenticities. Although flat earth is an outstanding and influential manuscript in many ways it is not ideal as Friedman states in a handful quarters of the manuscript. For example, Friedman
Introduction “Stress is defined as a feeling of emotional or physical tension” Williams (2000). Emotional stress usually occurs when situations are considered difficult or unmanageable. Therefore, different people consider different situations as stressful. Physical stress is when the body reacts to a new feeling, for example, pain after operation leading to emotional stress which is experienced as physical discomfort, for example, stomach cramps. Stress management refers to various efforts to control and reduce the tension that occurs in stressfull situations. Organizational psychology is the making of the workforce to feel confidant and ready to do something difficult task by the management.” (Paul Ballas, 2006) Stress reduces org psych hence employees may not be willing to perform efficiently and effectively resulting in a lack of professional growth and development. Stress can be due to overwork with no good remuneration to match with. Employees need to teach on how to deal with this. The following can be used to determine the presence of stress A negative attitude will be experienced in case the employees are not satisfied. Negative attitude people report stress than positive attitude people. Physical well-being; Poor diet results in physical stress and a weakened immune system. Infections occur. This is due to unhealthy feeding and lack of enlightenment. This can solve by the food guide pyramid and food schedule. In case of stress brain processes information poorly in case of stress leading to emotional stress.   * Physical activity; Low physical activity may be depressing and adds to well-being.   * Support systems; In case of trouble, people need others to talk to. Lack of such people to consult worsens the situation.   * Relaxation; people need hobbies, other interests to outlet stress. Relaxation techniques. One should also listen to his body. People affected should also take a retreat. Mental health specialists include licensed social workers, Psychologists, Psychiatrists. Low levels of income Low levels of income to the middle management can be stressing especially if they don’t match those of colleagues in other companies. This implies that someone won’t have enough to spend, invest and save. Middle managers will therefore have a negative attitude. Managers will not understand why they are earning little compared to what they do for the company. They may decide to make production delays or have poor performance to make up for the low salaries. Low salaries and wages demor
Workflow at Shuzworld (Discussion and Recommendations) Shuzworld’s case embraces the aspects of workflow. This section of the paper discusses the workflow provisions and provides appropriate recommendations applicable in this context. This will ensure credible workflow augmentation in the Shuzworld Company with specific reference to Chinese plants. For example, the workflow in the production system is not efficient enough to serve growing demands for several types of shoes globally. It is notable that the company takes nearly 46 minutes to produce one Rugged Wear Workboots product. There are recommendation on how this timeframe can be reduced (per process) to ensure efficiency, quality, and enhanced output. Workflow recommendations and Justifications Firstly, it is recommendable for the company to use sound management principles and decision analysis in order to make sense of the available options. Although it is impossible to merge some of the processes due to protocol disparities, it is recommendable to restructure the production line as Catherine Pang drew it on the white board. The company will save time and money as demanded by any proficient workflow. This is a critical provision when considered critically. It is notable that the workflow can either proceed to B or C after passing through process A. Process E and F can also be selected for viability and time factor. Supportively, Shuzworld should use process ACDEGH, which will consume only 36 minutes instead of the current 46 minutes. Thus, it is appropriate to assert that the company should restructure its production line/processes as shown the subsequent output forms. Shuzworld’s Rugged Wear Workboot Assembly Schedule Task                                                Prospected time after merging (Minutes)  Predecessors A                                                   10                                       None         C                                                   3                                        A            D                                                   8                                        C            E                                                   3                                        D            G                                                   3