ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
As it has been observed, contemporary politics are becoming more radical and dominated by authoritarianism as most politicians seem to advocate for totalitarianism. Totalitarianism can be described as the process through which men dominate their experiences in the society with regard to power acquisition and control of resources. Notably, some western nations like US and UK have largely been observed to contain elements of fascism. According to Gregory (2007, p 235), fascism ideology has largely erupted from rationalism where the most powerful states perceive themselves as being the ultimate controllers of human activities, following the currently increasing globalization among nations. This paper will discuss how United States and United Kingdom nations have been observed to express some elements of fascism in controlling the masses, following the currently experienced neo-liberalism era. With the massive increase in the earth’s population, totalitarian dominion has been evidenced by the way politicians are engaging in the control of the world’s scarce resources, mainly with personal interests. According to Ball & Dagger (2010, p 173), the act of modern masses becoming superfluity, indicating high competition for scarce resources, reflects the way totalitarianism is becoming deeply rooted in the society. As it has been revealed, merciless processes where totalitarianism is driving men to organize the masses reveals high degree of suicidal escaping of realty among the men in the society. On this basis, the totalitarian attempt to make men superfluous reflects the experiences of modern masses of their struggle for scarce resources in the currently overpopulated society, as triggered by loneliness among men. Since industrial production seems to expand at a lower rate than the human population, jobs are becoming scarce and industrial workers get involved in competing for the limited job opportunities. As Gregory (2007, p 235) reports, lawlessness has become an apparent act among men, as they struggle to maintain the control of the scarce resources. With totalitarianism taking new shapes, men in the contemporary society are becoming more vigilant to maintain their royal status by even involving use of force and terror. According to Ball & Dagger (2010, p 157), the rise of terrorism in the cold-war era can be described as the ultimate strategy to acquire power and fame among the people. Quite significantly, loneliness has largely participated in enhancing the ideology of ‘terror’ since the currently overpopulated society necessitates power and influence to acquire control of the scarce resources. Being prospective movements of the contemporary society, fascism and totalitarianism has been revealed to facilitate the various changes
In 1969 NASA succeed in bringing astronauts to the Moon. As a result, many were convinced that someday space tourism would become a reality. This is because the successful mission was evidence that man can conquer outer space. When the NASA mission demonstrated its capability to break away from the pull of Earth’s gravity many saw the possibility of space tourism. In the 21st century, the ability to innovate and discover new things fueled the ever-popular idea that someday space is accessible to ordinary human beings. Many believed that space tourism is indeed possible. But using Inayatullah’s model to predict the future, one could argue that space tourism is not yet possible. It is easy to understand why space tourism is such an important topic. There are many thrill-seekers on Earth and they want more than the customary roller coaster ride. They dream that someday ordinary mortals can also travel to the Moon and beyond. This is space tourism. It is also easy to understand why the dream to travel like astronauts is still alive. Consider for instance the number of rich people that are willing to pay a hefty price just so they can travel outside the Earth’s atmosphere. If rich people today are willing to pay a great deal of money to bring them to the top of Mt. Everest, then these same people are not going to let any minor hindrance from stopping them to experience the ultimate ride (Aramberri & Butler, 2005, p.245). However, using Inayatullah’s model in future studies one can see that the pull forward is the mental image of the future (Inayatullah, 2003, p.35). However, the weight of the present reality can easily weigh down any space tourism program. One of the major problems of space tourism is the fact that human bodies cannot adapt quickly in outer space as it does on Earth. High altitudes and extreme weather within the Earth’s atmosphere can be dealt with. Outer space on the other hand is different. There are forces out there that can easily destroy human life (Pelt, 2005, p.37). For instance, a small problem on Earth can be a major catastrophe in an environment that has no gravity. Take a closer look at the idea of space weather and according to the U.S. Department of Defense, it is defined as “adverse conditions on the sun, the solar wind, and in the Earth’s magnetosphere, the ionosphere, and the thermosphere” (Goodman, 2005, p. 2). Aside from that, there are other factors that “can influence the performance and reliability of space-borne and ground-based technological systems and can endanger human life or health” (Ondoh & Marubashi, 2001, p. viii). Although many are optimistic space travel is not going to be a reality shortly. Using Inayatullah’s triangle one can understand why many are optimistic when it comes to space tourism. This is exacerbated by the fact that people can imagine what is po
Summary of Article: Who/What is the article about? What is happening? When did it happen? Where is did it happen? Why is it happening? The article is concerned with recent (May 9, 2016) accusations against employees of Facebook for being politically biased. Such assumptions were partially backed by the fact that Facebook workers made $100,000 more donations in support of Hillary Clinton than Sen. Marco Rubio. An investigation was conducted to reveal whether Facebook workers were indeed biased against conservatives but it did not find any significant liberal biases. Still, six weeks later at AEI’s 12th conference in Washington, Facebook’s Chief Operating Officer Sheryl Sandberg announced she felt it necessary to train the employees on managing unconscious biases. She expressed her concerns that the public generally perceives social networks as liberal and rebutted such perceptions by stating that Facebook has always been aiming at diversity. Author’s Position: What is the author’s take on this current event issue? Rob Bluey does not openly express his views on the issue that is being discussed since the purpose of the article is purely informative. On the other hand, he relates to Sheryl Sandberg’s position accurately. He cites her statements that reflect her openness to varying opinions. Additionally, he refers to her personal opinions not discussed in her actual announcements, such as her posts on Twitter and Facebook. There, she emphasizes the necessity of diversity and respect and shows herself a politically open-minded person by giving heed to every election competitor there is.
Roman architecture is considered to be one of the most impressive architecture styles I have ever seen and heard about. No other representative of this style impressed me more than the Cathedral church in England, known as Durham Cathedral. The last one is one of the brightest examples of Roman architecture which was founded in 1093 and had a long and interesting history. According to the history of this building and the transformations of the last one, it is clear that Durham Cathedral fits into the context of every time period it existed. Its history comes from Saxons, dated AD 635. It was a simple building at first, made of timber, and was known as a White Church. There were many additions since that time and the church was rebuild and then reconstructed before it became to look like a present Cathedral. It was then made of stone and was designed by William of St. Carilef. It was also used as a prison in the seventeenth century where prisoners of war were enclosed. Now it is one of the most outstanding works of art in the world and it is also considered to be World’s Heritage Site. The structure of t
Competition analysis According to Christine K. Volkmann, Kim Oliver Tokarski and Marc Grunhagen, authors of the book titled ‘Entrepreneurship in a European Perspective: Concepts for the Creation and Growth of New Ventures’, any marketing process is seen to be enriched by market and competition analysis (Volkmann, Tokarski and Grunhagen 2010). For example, market together with competition analysis generally involve activities that center on market research, market volume and market potential, market segmentation and positioning, and competition analysis in whole (Volkmann, Tokarski and Grunhagen 2010). Competition analysis represents continuous and selective observation of the market that is coupled with continuous market monitoring, which in essence provides for up-dated and relevant information about customers, competitors, the market, and overall business environment. In other words, key questions that should be addressed by competition analysis include: “who are the customers of the company; who are the competitors of the company; what the unique selling proposition; how old are the products of the competitors; how old are the competition firms; what is the unique selling proposition of the product and the firm; which is the relevant market segment for the product” (Volkmann, Tokarski and Grunhagen 2010p.195). According to a business article titled, ‘e-Business Plan: Competitor Analysis’ – an web-based marketing article providing a discussion on competition -, competition analysis constitutes an important element for any marketing plan. In essence, competition analysis is carried out since it “reveals the company’s competitive position in the ‘marketspace’; assist the company to develop strategies to be competitive; and investors of the business require the marketing plan to ascertain the competitive advantage of the company in the market” (Anonymous – author of the e-Business plan article, n.d, p.1). Competition analysis starts with the process of identifying and evaluating the range and level of competition the company face and this include evaluation of direct competitors, indirect competitors and future competitors (Anonymous, n.d, p.1). The next step is to find out the actual competitors that pose threat to the company both in current moment and in future. After this, the company has to establish a competition analysis grid which is regarded a resourceful and valuable tool to carry out comparison of key company competitors from numerous perspectives that include “company information, product or service information, customer information, and sources of competitive advantage” (Anonymous n.d, p.1). On overall, the competition analysis grid should be able to bring out both opportunities and weaknesses the competitors possess, and the strategy of the company shou
Inside North Korea is a film reflecting the lives of the people of North Korea. The people in this country live in a closed and secretive society. The film has been well developed exposing the North Korean society to the extent no other film has. It brings out King Jong II who is described as a “Dear” adored and worshiped. To the King, the citizens of North Korea are so much dedicated that they cannot associate the difficulties they are faced with to him. According to the film, the hardships such as food shortage and illnesses faced in the society are brought about by the leadership of the King Jong II (Inside North Korea Movie Review, 2006). It is gathered from the documentary Inside North Korea that the doctors of this region are not able to use medical equipment sent to them from oversees, neither is the country able to control food shortages. These problems are linked to the poor leadership. The uniqueness of this film is the ability to bring out the North Koreans lives reality to light. This spring from two sisters Lisa Ling and Laura Ling. Lisa is a journalist who was lucky to have been released from prison during the time of President Bill Clintons’ visit of the US to the country. After her release she became interested in the North Korean people’s lives and therefore tried to reach there. This she managed through following up an eye surgeon team from Nepal acting as if she was part of them. After observing what was going on in the Korean community, Lisa took a step of writing a report featuring these people. Her report in the film reflects the North Korean people’s hardships. While in North Korea, Lisa observes that it is hard to distinguish between the true faithful from the fearful because the many years of indoctrination had distorted the line governing the two considerably. In connection to this statement, the movie highlights the character of the King as a cult which is very much profound to the extent that it pervades every aspect of the ordinary life of a North Korean (Wood par 1). This affects the people such that many of them become traitors of each others’ vision for success in the film. For instance, during the numerous interviews of the locals, a guard in prison confesses that while undergoing their training, they were commanded to consider captives as sub human. This guard is so much affected by the training that he reasons that North Korea would possibly crumble if the numerous labor camps were closed down. For this reason Lisa observes that because of this kind of happenings, North Korea would probably be a small anomaly. She creates an impression to any audience to have a reflection of this country as being one of the most blinkered countries in the world (Inside North Korea). It is strange how the people of North Korea are slavishly dedicated to the King regardless of the adversities they face day in day out. The people have endured food crisis and still suffer starvation while the king reins leading a sweet and quality life style. This is contrary to the civilians who are poor with many people dying of hunger while he evicts the global a
Introduction At the very basic level, a professional is someone who has undergone specialized training for a certain vocation. However, a professional is not solely defined by this attribute but also by his adherence to certain behavior that are inherent in the particular profession. This is because every professional group has a code of conduct which stipulates what is admissible behavior within the profession. A professional is required to align himself/herself to these values and constantly aim to exhibit certain principles and responsibilities. Professional ethics are stipulated by professional bodies which endorse the code of ethics that professionals in the field adhere to. This paper shall compare and contrast the codes for psychologists with those for counselors. Definition of Counseling The American Counseling Association (2010) defines counseling as “a professional relationship that empowers diverse individuals, families, and groups to accomplish mental health, wellness, education, and career goals”. While the two professions compare in that they both aim to improve the mental well being of the client, they differ considerably since counselors do not perform the in-depth analysis of a client in their problem solving that psychologists perform. Similarities in Codes Maintaining of confidentiality is one of the common codes of conduct for both the Psychologist and the counselor. Both professions recognize that trust is the cornerstone of the relationship with patients and whenever possible, both professions aim to protect confidential information provided by the client. Both professions also require practitioners to stipulate to the clients the limits of confidentiality at the onset of the therapeutic relationship. Considering the fact that both the counseling and psychological professions are both committed to the expansion of scientific and professional knowledge in their fields, research work is greatly valued by the two. Counselors and psychologists are both required to protect the identity of research participants and in the event where the identity is to be revealed, prior consent from the participants is required. Both the Psychologist and the counselor abide to the same codes of conduct with regard to terminating their services to a client. In both professions, the counselor/psychologist is required to terminate their services when it becomes apparent that the client no longer needs the services or are not benefiting from it. Both professionals also require the termination of services when the client threatens the counselor/psychologist. Differences in codes There is a difference in the codes of conduct as pertains to the duration that a professional should wait before engaging in a sexual relationship with former clients. Psychologists are required to wait for a minimum of two years after the termination of therapy while the ACA (2005) dictates that a counselor must wait for 5 years after the last professional engagement before engagin
Learning is a continuous process where individuals acquire knowledge pertaining to a wide range of expertise in diverse fields. Notably, learning is process, which takes a certain period to fully materialize, become useful, and applicable. Learning can be formal or informal, where informal learning takes place through observation, participation, or through involvement. On the other hand, formal learning employs organized structures and individuals go through a defined program. Informal learning can follow a set of theories, which include classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and social cognitive. Imperatively, people can acquire knowledge based on their experiences, observations, and involvements with others in the society. Therefore, the essay discusses an informal learning process of an individual using classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and social cognitive theories. An individual can have certain behaviors that concern a number of activities like fear of heights and dislike of elevators. For instance, an individual, who disliked heights, encountered during the learning process. From the perspective of the individual, heights frightened him, and thus, avoided activities that entailed heights such as flying, climbing, or mountaineering. Evidently, the learning process revealed that the individual demonstrated the behavior in several occasions especially when subjected to activities that required heights. Afolabi (2013) states that fear of certain factors such as heights are a result of an event that took place and initiated the negative perception and attitude towards the activity. Therefore, the fear of heights demonstrated by the subject individual is an outcome of an event that may have taken place during some part of the individual’s life. Some of the steps involved during the learning process included subjecting the individual to high locations and observing the reaction. In essence, the learning process took a long period and involved several experiences and observations. Fundamentally, the behavior could have occurred through the classical conditioning. In the theory of classical conditioning, behavior is a result of stimuli, which may be conditioned or unconditioned. According to Kirsch, Lynn, Vigorito, and Miller (2004), conditioned stimuli occur through a series of procedures that train an individual to respond in a certain manner when a particular activity is undertaken. On the other hand, unconditioned stimuli elicit a certain response, which is automatic and biological. Classical theory states that for individuals to behave in a particular manner and give certain responses, they need conditioning using a repeated set of similar activities and outcomes until they relate the activities to the outcomes. In the learning process, it became evident that classical theory may have played a principal role in behavior of the individual. Moreover, it became apparent that the individual associated heights with falls and death, and thus, feared high locations. From the process, the individual outlined several instances where people fell and died from mount
The concept of organizational management practicing nepotism may be viewed from an ethical standpoint. Sometimes, this is hard for managers to omit or deny employment to a relative even if they are not qualified enough to take the positions. This leader will look for ways to help loved ones, and in academic literature, this topic is raised from an ethical perspective (Gini & Marcoux, 2012). The practice of nepotism in business is unethical and counterproductive, and its implications in the business sector are inadmissible due to labor inequality and bias towards potentially talented employees. Practicing nepotism in an organization from the basic concern is that it brings about the issue of contradiction of the typical customs in employment to hiring and promoting the most qualified and performing candidates for the job. The practice blocks legit ways of ensuring that a suitable candidate is hired to take the business to other levels by engaging and operating business activities. While a relative is a potential candidate, they may be lacking the basic skills, including not being career-oriented. An employee should be loyal to the company and view the business as an opportunity to advance their career (Parboteeah, 2019). A company should also be ensured that they have practical experience during hiring since this is essential for them to integrate themselves into the business operations. Moreover, the determination of the position’s strengths for the job should be considered while hiring a candidate. Managers may not be willing to demand high performance from a close relative. On the other hand, every organization has a culture, and every new employee should adapt and fit into it. Suppose managers secure positions for their relatives, there are high chances of demolishing business operation culture since every activity needs someone to have social skills to communicate with people and clients (Melé, 2009). Therefore, nepotism in business brings down the basic concerns while hiring or promoting an individual. However, people may object to this claim by arguing that if individuals can employ their relatives, they take them and mentor them to fit whatever the business demands. As far as an individual is willing and able to work, taking them for the position does not matter or negatively impact specific operations since a candidate can be closely monitored and mentored to meet the company’s performance standards. Having loved ones among employees can be a form of control over other employees who may start working more productively due to the closeness of a manager’s relative (Morrison, 2015). Therefore, different ethical concerns arise when discussing the issue in question. On the other hand, one can argue that nepotism in business is moral since it leads to greater trust, majorly termed as swift trust. A leader may have more trust in their relative if they see that such an employee performs immediate duties diligently and responsibly. Additionally, nepotism can reduce the cost of recruiting new members