ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Sex separation is becoming a common practice in most learning institutions globally. The practice is widespread generally in high schools as compared to primary schools. Indeed, separation of boys and girls is considered vital especially among teenagers since it holds the capacity of fostering moral values, sanity, and development of basic human principles. It also eradicates the occurrence of sexual cases among students that have been increasing in various settings. The concept has presented immense benefits to teachers, students, and parents. At the outset, it has enabled every stakeholder in the education sector to understand his or her role in promoting delivery of quality education. Likewise, it has fostered discipline and instillation of proper ways of living among individuals of diverse sexes. The practice has also been contributing in reducing teenage pregnancies that has been at a record high of 46% in US (Woolston, 2012, p. 1). Most studies report high level of pregnancy among teenagers especially in mixed schools as compared to those who are separated. The studies also indicate that girls are more vulnerable and prone to getting premature pregnancies and other chronic diseases if they are exposed to boys. The findings show that boys and girls especially in high schools cannot stay and study effectively since they are sexually active at the stage. Their studies normally get disturbed since boys always seek to make advances to girls. Girls too are always impatient at this stage given that it remains the appropriate stage when, they tend to discover themselves including their potentials (Larsson & Svedin, 2002, p. 263). Proponents of sex segregation hold that the practice should be considered as a matter of principle and not a discriminatory practice. Stakeholders in the education, sector should view it holistically and weigh its benefits that are immense (Gurian, 2011, p. 23). They should consider it as a performance strategy since boys and girls have different styles of learning. This paper gives comprehensive and insightful discussion about separation of boys and girls in classrooms. Necessity of gender separation in the classroom As noted by Cole (2006, p. 102), single sex schools are being established at a rapid rate to cater for the rising need for students’ separation. Their rising development is due to the high demand for the schools, as most parents prefer enrolling their children to such institutions. This is evident as depicted in the statistics from the US education sector that indicate an increas
Corrective Measures The firm is involved in a law suit in which it has been accused of disposing off hazardous waste illegally. In a law suit that was ruled in 2011, a California judge ruled that the firm is liable for illegal disposal of hazardous waste since 2002 and should pay a penalty of $22.5 million while at the same time undertaking corrective measures concerning waste disposal. The firm took the corrective measures positively. In addition to corrective measures, Target Corporation is environmental friendly since it is concerned with conservation of the environment. To this end, the firm has undertaken measures to reduce carbon emission as well as minimize energy consumed. For instance, it has adopted energy efficient LED lights and motion sensors in the refrigerators in a bid to protect the environment (Target Inc., “lawsuit”, 2011). Corporate Governance Corporate Governance Structure Target has strong corporate governance practices that are embedded in the original corporate guidelines that were set by the company’s founders, 50 years ago. At the top of the firm is the board of directors that understands that corporate governance practices must evolve continuously in order to balance the ever changing interests of the company’s stakeholders such as the management, the Board and the consumers among others (Target Inc., “Business Conduct”, 2013). The board of directors is independent and the candidates for the board seats are selected with regard to the success they have achieved in their fields of specialization. The tenure directors retire based on age and a maximum period of serving in the board. This is accompanied by a separate period of five years for retired directors. It is the duty of the board to conduct annual review of the firm’s management and succession planning (Target Inc., “Corporate Governance Guidelines”, 2011). The board of directors of Target Corporation is helped by the management team of the firm that is headed by the company’s chief executive officer. The top executives in management are offered ownership of stock in the firm while part of compensation is in terms of long term equity awards. In addition, the executives are subjected to incentive compensation that is based on the achievement of set goals. Concerning corporate responsibility, Target Corporation has adopted policies in which it is involved in the community’s welfare. Through its initiatives, the firm participates in giving back to the community and serving the community in various ways. For instance, the firm gives 5% of its profits annually to the community. According to Target Corporation (2006), this is about $4 million weekly. In addition, Target supports a strong, healthy and safe community that constantly consumes its products (Target Inc., “Issues Advocacy”, 2013). Policies and Procedures Policies of an organization could be determined
Moca GA: SWOT Chart An analysis of MOCA GA’s internal (strengths and weaknesses) and external (threats and opportunities) environment is summarized in the SWOT chart below. Strengths                                                                              Weaknesses                                                                          * Qualified staff to support growth                                                                                                                                      * Unparalleled Education/Resource (E/R) center and programs                                                                                                              * Rapidly expanding permanent collections                                                                                                                                * The Working Artist Project – attracts renowned artists to the institution            * Limited brand awareness in some market segments – younger consumers             * A strong market base locally                                                         * Major events and exhibitions largely unattractive to younger consumers          * Consistent corporate sponsors and funders                                            * Brand identity confusion – Museum of Design Atlanta (MODA)                      * Strong branding/marketing – positive customer reviews locally and nationally         * Limited staff capacity to drive growth                                          * Strong partnership with Edelman Worldwide, a leading PR firm                         * Focus on older demographic – lack of a diversified client base                  * Compelling mission                                                                   * Limited public awareness concerning the role of the E/R Center                  * Well-attended exhibitions and events                                                 * Unclear succession planning                                                     * Exhibits diverse programs, artists, and works                                        * Limited online presence – social media                                          * Experienced top management – CEO and board of directors                              * Bad physical location – makes it hard for visitors to find                      * Consistent curatorial works and style                                                                                                                                  * Focus on local contemporary artists and works                                                                                                                          * Techn
Introduction College life is the period which is featured by numerous adventures, successes and failures. It is often remembered as the best period in human’s life, as it is the peak of energy, wishes and dreams. Students are the most careless stratum of the population, as they study, date, entertain and communicate without minding numerous problems. (Coulter, p. 45) Once, someone makes the final decision to begin studying in college, the new phase of life starts. Suddenly, the uncertainty which featured several months of the previous life disappear, and there is strong necessity to change the everyday habits, gain additional studying skills and mental resources, while there is still a strong wish to entertain, go in for sports, date etc. Life in College According to Harpur (p. 32), those who are considered to be the veterans of the college life will never forget their “freshmanity” – the first year of studying in college. In spite of new impressions and feelings, this period is filled with anticipation, some anxiety, and surely there is place for wonderful discoveries. Undoubtedly, college differs essentially from high school. (Rose, p. 11) Most students prefer leaving their homes and start their independent living in campuses, and the first year of study is the most dramatic, often hazardous and rather difficult for those who choose living in campus. It is closely linked with several factors, such as sharing room (wardrobe, fridge, shower and some other things) with other people. Parents are far, and it depresses essentially. (Ward, p. 5) The first thing which should be notices is the workload. It is heavier and much more intense than anyone had experienced before. The challenges of the college life w
Introduction Economic crisis refers to a situation whereby an economy of a particular country undergoes a sudden downturn arising from a financial crisis [1] ( p.14) . During an economic crisis, most economies tend to experience a reduction in growth in their Gross Domestic Product. These economies also undergo a reduction in the liquidity level in addition to fluctuation in prices due to deflation and inflation. There are different forms that an economic crisis can take. These include depression of a recession. This paper is aimed at analyzing the concept of economic crisis. To achieve this, the paper takes into account classical views, Marxist view and Keynesian views. Additionally, the paper also evaluates whether these views are still held today. The history of economic crisis The concept of economic crisis was first developed by two economists by the name Kenneth Rogoff and Carmen Reinhart during the 19 th century. These economists traced the economic crisis to early 1340’s when England experienced an economic crisis as a result of its war with the French [2] (p.87) . There were also other economic crises which were experienced in different parts of the world. For example, in 1637, Netherlands experienced an economic crisis as a result of a bursting of a bubble referred to as the Tulip Mania. The Tulip Mania was widely known to be a speculative bubble. In 1720, there were other economic crisis in Britain and France which resulted from the bursting of economic bubbles known as South Sea Bubble and Mississippi Bubble respectively. The 19 th century was also characterized by a number of economic crises. For example, the Danish state bankruptcy which was experienced in 1893 led into an economic crisis. Over the past three centuries, a number of economic recessions have been experienced in different countries. Assumptions of economic crisis The concept of economic crisis was developed by a number of economists. These economists can be categorized into two, that is, the Marxists and Keynesians. The two categories of economists held varied opinion regarding economic crisis. According to Marxists, economic crisis is associated economic crisis with overproduction within the capitalist economy. These economists opine that capitalists produce too may goods than they can be sold for profit. Additionally, these economists assert that a lot of investment is undertaken in an effort to maximize on the firm’s profitability. Additionally, these economists assert that economic recession arises from accumulation of capital. Marxism and Keynesian view of economic crisis Capital accumulation In his view, Karl Marx associated economic crisis with the capitalist economy. Marx was of the view that forces that drive a capitalist economy are unstable an
Introduction Costco Travel is a unique opportunity for any person to choose an interesting place for vacations. Costco Travel is an easy-to-use website, where everyone can find something by their tastes. Costco Travel is an organization that is ready to prepare anyone for the most captivating travels in his/her life. Finally, Costco Travel is one of the successful representatives of current e-business, the main goal of which is to support its activities using communication technologies. This web-organization tries to correspond to all features of e-business, and some of them will be mentioned below. Costco Travel First of all, the success of Costco Travel as an e-business representative is a properly created website with interesting, informative, and friendly information. The web site that introduces Costco Travel services looks user-friendly indeed (Costco Travel). Its developers make numerous attempts to create it diversified and many-colored. Sometimes, their attention to colors and diversity leads to negative results, because they forgot about their visitors and visitors’ desire to find as easiest access to necessary information as possible. Another feature of Costco Travel is the necessity to attract visitors using new and exciting facts and places. People are eager to pick out something that has not been known before. This is why the idea to add more and more information within a short period is the key to success among travelers-beginners or those, who want to improve their vacations. Many companies admit that e-business is more interesting and better because of its ability to use databases to get information about clients, save it, and can find information about clients and their demands, services and their variety, partners and their placement, or even employees and their skills as soon as possible. Costco Travel takes into consideration all these points, this is why the website allows us to present good services at any time. To become successful in e-business, it is crucially important to have access to novelties, innovations, and variables. Costco Travel always wants to know more about its clients and their demands. This organization should take into account the steps, taken by other companies to attract clients’ attention and make another step to win the customer. For example, the idea to offer some discounts for constant clients raises chances to have more customers. People have to feel that their presence is obligatory for the c
Introduction The article “Why I Don’t Do Crossfit” by Erin Simmons, the author writes about her perception regarding the training regimen associated with Crossfit (a popular fitness craze in the U.S.) and how it is supposedly a bad form of exercise to do. Fallacy of Hasty Generalization One of the first indicators that this is a bad argument is the hasty generalization the author makes regarding Crossfit. She states that the high rates of injury along with bad form and flawed exercise routines are a constant throughout all Crossfit gyms. This is a hasty generalization since the author herself has not attended every single Crossfit gym and underwent their various training regimens. Thus, attributing the problems associated with some of the gyms to all of the gyms is a fallacy since there is no direct evidence to support that all Crossfit gyms have the same negligent practices. This is not to say though that Crossfit is not to blame due to the lack of sufficient oversight regarding the training practices its various gyms employ, however, when taking into consideration the fact some gyms actually have competent trainers shows how what applies to a few gyms does not necessarily apply to all of them. Issue of Insufficient Logical Connection The second indicator of the argument showcasing a flawed position is its analysis of the injury rate of Crossfit and how it immediately equates into the activity being bad for you. Utilizing logical thinking to analyze such a position, it initially seems that the author does have a good point. Getting injured does not contribute towards a person’s well being, as such, Crossfit must be bad then. However, when delving deeper into logical reasoning, you must take into consideration the fact that there are other forms of physical activity that people enjoy that also cause them to be injured. Sports such as football, soccer, basketball, skateboarding and bike riding also have prodigious amounts of injuries associated with them. Do note though that even if these activities do have their share of injuries, people do not immediately stop doing them. The same logical conclusion can also be applied to Crossfit wherein just because people are getting injured does not mean that this form of physical activity is detrimental or dangerous when other physical activities have similar or even higher rates of injury. Fallacy of Appealing to Ignorance The third indicator of why this is a bad argument is how the author is guilty of a second fallacy (appealing to ignorance) wherein they connote their personal experience as applying to what other p
The 1976 movie “The Omen” is now considered the classic of cinematographic genre of horror, despite the fact that, when compared to other horror movies of more recent times, “The Omen” does not appear being particularly scarifying. Moreover, the legacy of an original movie continues to live on even today, with producers striving to exploit its fable in variety of different ways, which explains the subsequential release of five follow-ups to the original “Omen” and also its most recent remake in 2006. Why would “The Omen” attain such a great popularity among the viewing audiences? Apparently, the answer to this question relates to the particularities of how movie affects viewers’ subconscious anxieties – “The Omen” presents people with a three-dimensional insight onto evil as something absolutely real, because semiotic significance of movie’s portrayal of evil has clearly defined epistemological, metaphysical and moral implications. In this paper, we will aim at exploring this thesis even further. One of the scariest aspects of “The Omen” is the fact that movie instills viewers with the idea that; whereas, people’s ideas in regards to Christian fables can have very little effect on the concept of Biblical evil as “thing in itself”, this evil continues to remain ever-present in their lives, even though that it can hardly be recognized for what it really is. Therefore, “The Omen” promotes a Platonic idea that every physical or spiritual phenomenon is nothing but only a dim reflection of its ideal essence. And, as we are all aware of – reflection can be misleading. At the same time, the fact that movie portrays evil as “thing in itself”, does not necessarily imply that evil’s true dimensions cannot be realized by those who are being endowed with capacity for rational thinking. It is important to understand that the concept of rationale serve as metaphysical foundation, which Western civilization continues to be based upon. This is exactly the reason why, despite Christianity’s popular appeal being primarily concerned with metaphysical matters, the history of this religion can be well discussed within a framework of logic. In its turn, this explains why it is namely atheistic intellectuals who are capable of grasping Bible’s actual message – they think of a “holy book” as such that contains a variety of hidden codes, as opposed to Bible being the actual “word of God”, as many naïve Christ
Primary problems The primary problem that the company is experiencing is the possible loss of popularity of the services that Chegg offers after the inevitable growth of the digital textbooks market. The expansion of the digital books market appears to be unavoidable, as a switch from costly printing technologies to efficient, convenient, and easy to use digital printing is a logical consequence of the worldwide internet penetrating all spheres of everyday life of the population. Students, as the youngest and most innovation-seeking part of Web users, are most likely to be among the first group of users eager to change the habitual way of using textbooks to the one that brings new opportunities and beneficial changes. Such changes can put a serious threat on the competitive abilities of the services that Chegg has been improving for years. The owners of the company are currently facing a fundamental dilemma: whether to start adapting the company’s services to the needs of the digital textbooks market or to focus on improving the existing services and making them more attractive and competitive. Insights from the Case and Potential Decisions The potential decisions that can solve the dilemma should rely on the gained experience, identifying the main specifics of the market which play an essential role in determining the further development of the company, and the analysis of future perspectives related to the growth of popularity of digital books. The analysis of the market leads to the conclusion that the demand for textbook rentals is met with a relatively big supply provided by different services. The success of Chegg inspired many entrepreneurs to invest in similar projects that soon have become Chegg’s competitors. Therefore, Chegg is no longer the only service offering printed textbooks rentals, and continuing leadership in the market achieved by the company is no longer guaranteed. However, the possibility of acquisition of CourseRank gives the company significant advantages compared to its competitors. The expansion of the company will bring the ability to provide comprehensive services for students and make Chegg’s website a unique and very useful source for obtaining all necessary information. Potential courses of actions Potential actions that can save the company from failure related to a possible invasion of digital te
Introduction Parents have power in the family. Psychology professor David Geary emphasized that “children need parents. They need them to train, educate, and demonstrate how to compete and succeed in society. There’s no other way to develop that social context without the family” (USA Today, March 2002). Traditionally, it is the father’s role to provide food, shelter, and clothing to the family, while the mother takes care of the home and the children. However, over the last 50 years, society has undergone many changes. One of the major changes in the family has been affected by the rise of divorce cases at present. It is said that only about half of all children in the United States in 1995 lived with both their biological parents (Hernandez, 1997). If we ask what percentage spends their entire childhood living with both natural parents, the numbers are even lower. Donald Hernandez, in his remarkable book America’s Children (1993), estimated that only about 40 percent of the children born in 1980 have spent all their years up to age 18 living with both natural parents. Among African Americans, Hernandez estimates, this figure is only 20 percent, while among Euro-Americans it is about 55 percent. These figures are nearly double the rate of single-parent family experience over what occurred earlier in this century. Single-parent families The impact of having more single-parent families at present is that it can affect the growth and development of children. McLanahan (1997) concluded that “children who grow up with only one biological parent are less successful, on average than children who grow up with both parents. These differences extend to a broad range of outcomes, and they persist into adulthood” (p. 37). In his study, McLanahan (1997) found that children of single parents are about twice as likely to drop out of high