ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract A woman’s sexuality is a contentious context, which Ms Wolf demystifies through this expose. ‘Promiscuity’ book is a memoir and expose about the confusion surrounding the female sexuality. Wolf reminisces about her sexual escapades with her friends in their journey to sexually mature women. This exposes and memory draws out a clear picture about societal bias on sexuality. Various contexts namely feminine values, sexuality, and morality are contextualized. Is having sex immoral? Is sleeping with multiple partners promiscuous or prostitution? Is the desire to have sex immoral? The sexual desires of women have remained contentious. Traditional they are deemed as taboos and an element of societal morality imbalance. However, how a woman projects her morality determines her repute in the society. In Wolf’s perspective, the overt sexual activities of a woman are abhorred. Engaging in sexual activity project’s prostitute attributes. From a social network perspective, it is promiscuity. Women who do nothing that arouses interest about their sexuality are prudent. However, women who engage in sexual activity or exhibit their sexuality are promiscuous or suspect of prostitution. This paper reviews the projections of Ms Wolf about sexuality. It is a clear expose about how a woman recognizes her sexuality, a woman’s journey to the adventure of sex and sexual gratification and the polarized context between virgin and whore attributes. Women Sexual selves The sexuality of a woman is supposed to be conservative. Professional women and good girls are prudent and role models. Women are brough
Racism is a vital problem of today’s world which, in fact, serves as a means for separation inside multinational, multicultural communities, societies, countries, in the world on the whole. The reality shows that the situation is far from having proper solutions and tools for making racial issues not so vivid and discussed. There are many points asserting that this problem is a mere intentional negativism of some individuals within society. Then how could it be that the whole nation of Americans still faces the cruelty of racism. Is it a democratic way of solving the problem of racial discrimination and segregation? In this respect the discussion is concerned with a statement that racism can be resolved by means of education. This assumption bears in mind the facts from not so far ago reality and current provision of relationships between Whites and Blacks and other ethnical communities of people. Such an approach needs to be worked out from a bilateral perspective touching upon all pros and cons. In other words, weighing education as a negative or positive way for the problem solution in the United States, in particular, it is necessary to admit the priority of current everyday truth. The thing is that even after more than two hundred years of historical development, ethnicities of people still do not have an idea of living hand by hand in the society. Thus, the paper leads to work out whether appropriate education is a helper in terms of racism decrease. Looking at the bilateral contradictory approach toward racial discrimination it is significant to state that many points of segregation were taken for granted by most Americans in times of enslavement and violation on the territory of newly born country, the United States of America. This historical cut of interpersonal relations between the majority of Americans and the minorities achieved only negative coloring in the social touch. Years went by, but today apart from numerous suggestions as of racism destruction appears a logical assumption to make it by virtues of education. First of all, it is important to enumerate the values of education as it is. Universally accepted approach toward education presupposes the points on literacy, orderliness, awareness of a definite field of studies, pursuit toward personal development, reliability in life position etc. Thereupon, people are trying to have a great education because of great perspectives waiting for them in the future, strange thoug
Introduction Hemoglobinopathies are a series of genetically inherited diseases that manifest as abnormalities of hemoglobin. Some of them include sickle cell anemia, thalassemia and hemoglobin SC. The Beta and Alpha polypeptide chains that make up amino acids of hemoglobin molecules are altered in these conditions. Persons with hemoglobinopathies depend on proper nutrition for therapeutic purposes. Poor diet may worsen the condition especially after interventions such as blood transfusions. Thalassemia This is a hemoglobin genetic disorder in which the body fails to produce a particular globin chain. A patient may be deficient in alpha or beta chains. Since these genes occur in pairs, then a defect of one of them can lead to thalassemia. Usually, alpha thalassemia is the most serious one of the two, and leads to death in babies. Conversely, beta thalassemia may lead to severe conditions if the two genes in the beta pair are affected (Beta thalassemia major) One cannot cure thalassemia, but one can manage the disease. Since the condition is inherited, it usually starts early and continues into one’s adulthood. Patients use blood transfusions as treatment alternatives especially those suffering from beta thalassemia major (Lynch, 2007). The disease is common among Asians, African and persons of Mediterranean descent. Since blood transfusions are a common treatment alternative for thalassemia patients, these individuals may become susceptible to iron overloads. The transfused iron accumulates in the body and may impede the functioning of the heart and liver; thus leading to death. Patients may use an iron-chelator to absorb the excess iron. Iron overload is one of the most significant causes of death among these kinds of patients as causes heart disease. Such individuals should avoid iron rich foods like broccoli, leafy vegetables, watermelons, raisins, prunes, fortified cereals, peanut butter, liver, beans and oysters. Besides issues of iron overload, thalassemias patients are likely to require certain nutrients to meet their health needs. Persons with the disease tend to report low growth rates, poor development, bone health issues and low immunity. These comorbidities are brought about by iron overloads in the body. Additionally, deficiencies in essential minerals, water soluble, and fat soluble vitamins bring about low growth rates. Sometimes even average intake of nutrients does not guarantee circulation within the body. Therefore, these patients require a high level of nutrient intake to minimize low absorption rates or the high loss of nutrients in their bodies. Nutritional therapies thus assist in boosting growth and development; vitamins and essential minerals are especially necessary (Fung, 2010). Some of the foods to consumer include milk, cheese, yoghurt, sardines and sunlight; these will provide the patient with vitamins and calcium. G6PD This is a disorder of the genes that arise from
Introduction Customer service and its influence on customer care are in the focus of the attention of researchers in many fields. The reason for such focus is clear: an intuitive assumption is that satisfied customers are more likely to stay loyal to the provider of goods or services and thus contribute to the profitability of the organization. The following literature review explores the evidence of the relevance of the approach for non-profit and public administration organizations, reviews the current methods of assessment, looks into the role of IT as a factor, and inquires about the influence of cultural diversity on findings. Relevance for Non-profit Organizations Non-profit organizations often ignore the aspect of customer satisfaction. Some of the
Skepticism is a philosophical doctrine the aim of which is to question the things that are regarded as simply acceptable by the others. Skepticism can be scientific, religious, and philosophical. Considering skepticism as a philosophical doctrine is the most interesting because it gives an opportunity to acquire a new perspective on the perception of life. With regards to philosophy, skepticism avoids making truth claims. However, skeptics do not deny truth because stating that truth is impossible would be a truth claim by itself. Among the most well-known skeptics there is Rene Descartes who is believed to have developed global skepticism trying to find absolute certainty to base his philosophy on. His argument that absolute certainty exists bred external world skepticism, or the idea that human senses are deceptive and that, in reality, none of the people can know for sure that they live in a definite place and have a definite appearance. One of the most compelling arguments for skepticism about the external world concerns the existence of material objects; this argument can be considered with regards to qualitative illusion, the reality of these objects, and the questions about their qualities. First of all, according to the external world skepticism, the objects surrounding people are a result of qualitative illusion. For instance, Butchvarov mentions that qualitative illusion can be regarded as “unreality of a perceived perceptual expanse, and thus the problem of its distinguishability from qualitative vertic
Introduction Synthes Inc is a Switzerland-based company that specializes in manufacture of innovative equipment, instruments and implants used for surgical treatment of bone disease and trauma (Synthes, 2010). The company has established itself as a market leader and innovating company that specializes in the production and marketing of products for surgical fixation, correction, and regeneration of skeleton and related soft tissues (Synthes, 2010). The company has a partnership dealing with AO Foundation, where the two organizations collaborate in product development and manufacture. The bedrock upon which success of Synthes Inc rests is innovation and adoption of appropriate technology in product development. Some of the competitors of the company include DePuy Company, Stryker Company and Zimmer Holdings, which also boost vast market niche (Synthes, 2010). Should Synthes develop “bio-resorbable internal fixation devices? Synthes Inc has undoubtedly grown into a vast company that manufactures and distributes internal fixation devices. Currently, Synthes Inc has a market share of about 50% and remains a leader in many regions of America and Northern America (Synthes, 2010). The decision to venture into manufacture of bio-resorbable internal fixation is a risky undertaking that everybody wants to be cautious and strategic in decision making. The presence of potential market is overshadowed by fear, uncertainty, and hold-back attitude. But can Synthes Inc embrace this risk? The market for bio-resorbable products in America and Europe is promising. In 2000, it is estimated that there were six million fractures in the United States, whereby, 80% constituted adults while 20% constituted children (Gourville, 2002). At the same time, the potential of the market is exhibited in the growing number of key players’ making investment opportunities in the market. For example, there are three categories of players who have established their presence in the market: heavy weights such Johnson & Johnson; the specialist such as the Bionx and Macropore; and the potentials such as Smith and Nephew (Gourville, 2002). One aspect that guides these investors involves existence of potential and market prospects in the market. At the same time, Synthes Inc has developed some core critical aspects that can aid the company into success, if it was to adopt manufacture and market of bio-re
Introduction Response to intervention (RTI) can be defined as a framework that enables the differentiations of instructional interventions for each student based on their demonstrated need (Greenwood et al. , 2011). RTI encompasses the use of universal screening for all students to identify those experiencing learning difficulties as well as those with Special Learning Disability (SLD) before there is a measurable discrepancy that qualifies the student for special services. The identified students are provided with additional intervention, frequent monitoring and assistive technology tools so as to improve their performance. Assistive technology is one of the RTI interventions and is provided for individuals with disabilities so that they can perform functions deemed difficult or impossible. Response to intervention (RTI) implementation Practices RTI identifies students with learning problems that need specialized and individual attention as well as other individualized interventions which include Assistive Technology (Beard, Carpenter & Johnston, 2011). RTI has been proposed as an alternative to IQ discrepancy method and has been approved in most states in the United States (Hughes & Dexter, 2011). In RTI, the teacher intervenes and provides targeted instructions and appropriate resources when a child shows signs of learning difficulties. This effectively prevents a child’s academic and social failure and secures his success (Beecher, 2011). Most of the RTI models use a three tier plan. Tier 1 involves evaluation of all the students in the whole class. At this stage, students are screened in order to identify those with learning disabilities. Students who fail to attain the cutoff marks move to tier 2 where targeted skills are evaluated and their progress monitored twice a month. Tier 2 is comprised of a small group of students who are regularly monitored, assessed and given special training. After the monitoring process, the instructors decide whether to move the students to tier 1 or tier 3. Tier 3 students receive intensive, individual instructions and may also be referred for special education evaluation. The RTI model is more beneficial than “Wait to fail” model as students with learning disabilities and those at risk can receive special interventions (Beecher, 2011). One major aspect of RTI is progress monitoring. A variety of methods have been developed for this purpose. Student’s performance in “at risk areas” such as mathematics, reading and social behavior should be closely checked so that they are moved from tier 1 to tier 2. The method to be used must be evaluated in terms of validity and reliability. One recommended method is the Curriculum Based Measurement (CBM). This method describes the academic competence of a student, tracks academic development and improves the student achievement (Hughes & Dexter
Recent research in education and psychology points to the consequences of brain development on learning and an optimal educational environment. Current debate surrounds the extent to which the structures and functions of anatomy, physiology and personal experiences may be gender specific (Blakemore, 2005; CQ Press, 2005). As such, pre-determined. Furthermore, if learning is gender biased according to activity is this due to innate sex differences or socializing processes that have an affective result which can regulate hormones and neurotransmitters, and the brain has the ability for a degree of plasticity over the lifespan. One school of school of thought contends that matching a learning environment with the needs of the learner (e.g., color, setting, lighting, audio, scent, textures, aesthetics). This implies that an interactive process occurs between the individual and their external environment, which in turn leads to changes in neural pathways and memory cues. Also, curriculums can be tailored to meet the learning needs of students. Another approach takes this concept one step further and maintains that gender-specific stimuli and cues exist to aid learning. Suggesting that females and males are “wet-wired” differently and will likely excel in different areas of skill, knowledge and competency. The consequence of accepting such an extreme viewpoint is the rigidity of the outcome that does not allow for variability; differences make the world go round. Mono-sex classrooms may constrain competition, flirting and posturing that hinders learning, however, they also enhance interpersonal skills, help to dispel stereotypes and cultivate a sharing of different understandings and ways of problem solving. It may be that at this point in time gender-specific learning can be of some aid to some students, given that western society upholds values that pressure girls and boys to “Keep up with the Joneses”, “Just do it” and “Stay Young”. However it is contended here that differences in the learning experiences that are found to be derived from gender will be the result of socialization into ways of interpreting and navigating the world. The inferior parietal lobule (IPL) has been found to be one of many neocortical regions that exhibit gender diomorphic characteristics that can be attribute to the brain’s asymmetric form (Frederikse, Lu, Aylward, Barta, & Pearlson, 1999). Measuring IPL gray matter volume of the sulci and gyrus of the cortex as well as the magnetic resonance imaging of 15 matched pairs of females and males. Overall men had the significantly larger volumes of IPL, particularly in the left hemisphere. Also, males exhibited a left right asymmetry for IPL when compared to women. There also appeared to be less distinct asymmetry in female participants. It was concluded that these dimorphisms could be the result of cognitive differences observed decision making and actions across genders. As structure is felt to influence and c
The development of profitable foreign relations often presents an extremely complicated process since there are multiple variables to be taken into account to conduct sound and accurate analysis. To put clarity into international relations and quantify the inherently qualitative process of diplomacy, researchers distinguish between two approaches to reaching political and economic objectives through collaboration, such as bilateralism and multilateralism. A state actor may prefer multilateralism over bilateralism since it reduces preferential treatment and discrimination, promotes equal distribution of power, and allows weak states to cooperate with similar political actors or stronger countries effectively. To delve into the benefits of multilateralism and explain its advantages, it is of utmost importance to consider the definitions of the approach which go far beyond oversimplified quantitative components, such as the number of actors. Aside from referring to relationships between three or more parties, multilateralism is defined and explained with attention to three characteristics. To begin with, a multilateral approach to international relations is contingent on the principle of indivisibility, and states applying it are supposed to place emphasis on the public good (Tago, 2017). Next, when a multilateral approach is applied to reach specific objectives, the principle of diffuse reciprocity comes into use, and all involved actors are supposed to respect some generalized rules to regulate relations between political players (Tago, 2017). As a result, multilateralism is supposed to stand in opposition to discriminatory and unfair practices in international relationships, which makes it more attractive. For weak and vulnerable state actors, the reasons to prefer multilateralism over bilateralism to build advantageous foreign relationships are closely interconnected with the opportunity to avoid the risks of engaging in an unequal contest. Although bilateralism is extremely helpful when issues in question directly affect only two parties, sovereign states that use this approach basically agree to engage in unequal relationships if they are weaker or stronger than their strategic partners. It significantly increases the risks of unfavorable consequences for states that do not possess much political and economic power in the global arena. Preferentialism and the ability to change priorities depending on the case are among the distinguishing characteristics of bilateralism in international relations due to which the entire approach gets criticized (Tago, 2017). As an approach to performing foreign relations, bilateralism can be disadvantageous for vulnerable states since the details of such collaborations are often held in secrecy and are considered confidential information. As a result, there will be no independent observers to evaluate the terms of agreements between two states and prevent the weaker party from giving too much power to the partner. Multilateralism is a better option for small and relatively weak states compared to bilateralism since weak countries’ internal problems contribute to their vulnerability in bilateral relatio
Introduction The 1960s were a decade of metamorphosis in American society, politics, and culture. The era of the Civil Rights movement, Vietnam-induced anti-militarism, and the paranoia of the Cold War appears to have matured the American layperson. The popular culture seems to have grown alongside the society, presenting more mature themes and visuals, and opening up to a multicultural influence of European auteurs. This research project will attempt to draw parallels between the elements of popular cinema and the outside factors that shaped the culture of the time. The cinematic developments in the 1960s were a response to a changing cultural landscape, and the popular movies, administrative changes, and trends have left a mark on the next decade’s culture, creating a sort of a feedback loop. The foreign movies that were shown to the American audiences were challenging, and felt distinctly personal, creating the trend of “authorship” that Hollywood would embrace to some extent (Worland, 2018). The political and military tensions played a role in the mainstream cinema of the time, with the government trying to portray the war as heroic through cinema, which was met with public displeasure (Abramson et al., 2008). Crucially, by the end of the decade, the Hays Code was abandoned, which shaped much of the cinematic trends of the previous decades (Fillol, 2019). The decade left an impression on the cinema, and the cinema perpetuated some of the social trends that resonated with the public. Annotated Bibliography Abramson, L., Everett, A., Morrison, J., Pomerance, M., Benshoff, H., Desser, D., … Schaefer, E. (2008). American Cinema of the 1960s: Themes and Variations. B. K. Grant (Ed.). New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. This is an excellent source on the significant social and political trends of each year in the decade that ties it to the movies and TV. This book, edited by a Communication, Popular Culture, and Film professor, is an essential source for the research project. Fillol, S. (2019). Off-screen space and the fold: ways of representing the unrepresentable, shaped by the Hays Code in classical cinema. Atalante-