ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The rapid growth of the World Wide Web has turned the world into a global village (Boehm 3). Through the internet, web users are connected through one platform allowing for free flow of information. This is made possible through the creation of websites. These websites are created with the use of software applications on the web where many users can access them as compared to the desktop scenario that is beneficial to one end user only. On such a platform resources are shared and can be accessed by all interested parties A scripting language can be described as a programming language which allows for the control of one or numerous software applications. As opposed to programming languages, scripting languages allows for more interaction with the system. Scripting language is modified by the end user and is interpreted from either a source or byte code while the applications they control are compiled on the native machine or computer code (Johnson 4). Scripting language can also be referred to as an interpreted programming language. It controls the functions of a normal program giving it a sequence of tasks to carry out. Scripting languages are small files of commands parsed during runtime and which are compiled in an internal byte code format. Scripting languages are always embedded in the applications they are meant to control. Scripting language applications and functionalities tend to be dominated by the performance of the physical components (Jones 6). Because of the features outlined earlier in this paper, scripting languages support rapid development of web applications. They execute numerous machine instructions. This promotes greater functionality which benefits the end user. There are several modern scripting languages used by programmers today. Common modern scripting languages include Java script, Perl and TCL. The Web 2.0 Phenomenon Web 2.0 can be said to be a revolutionary concept in internet functionality. Analysts conceptualize it as the new dawn of internet given that it allows internet users to participate actively in the development and creation of webpage contents. It allows users to do whatever they want and enhances their control over web experience using sophisticated applications. It aims at personalizing the web (Lutz 7). Numerous web developers work on these Web 2.0 websites. Web 2.0 allows a website to connect to millions of end users and serve them efficiently. Many popular websites such as Youtube.com apply Web 2.0 concepts to succeed. The phenomenon also allows internet users to take part in exciting and customized online experiences with ease. This is for example live chats, video conferencing and video uploads. Websites can now provide large volumes of data to the users. In summary Web 2.0 is a web platform where software applications are implemented on the web as opposed to implementation on desktops (O’Hara & Gomberg 6). It is interesting to consider how the system can now support numerous applications at a go yet it is invisible to the human eye. Role of Modern Scripting Languages in the Transformation of the Web Scripting la
Introduction First of all it is necessary to mention that for the period of economic prosperity and fierce global expansion, Saab could be regarded among the most successful Geely’s strategic investments in foreign automakers. Geely’s acquisition of Saab could not be hostile; it could be regarded as a friendly purchase, supposed to improve the car manufacturing of both contractors. The purchase could have been a horizontal acquisition. When American automobile manufacturers expanded globally, there were too many companies for the market to support. This acquisition was aimed for creating fewer companies that are seemingly more competitive. Resource Based View of the firm rationale Before analyzing the resource based view, it is necessary to mention that Conrad (2004) in his financial research gives the following notion: “ Economic theory holds that in the normal course, and in the absence of market imperfections, abnormal economic rents will get competed away by rivals or new entrants to an industry. The Resource Based View holds that firms can earn sustainable supra-normal returns if and only if they have superior resources and those resources are protected by some form of isolating mechanism preventing their diffusion throughout industry ”. From this point of view it should be stated that the financial resources of Geely and Saab should be regarded as the general merging of the companies and financial activities. It is necessary to mention that Geely is not some huge car manufacturer. The 2008 sales entailed 4,821,692,505 Hong Kong Dollars ($ 622 051 371). The enterprise value of Saab is evaluated as $1 353 227 000. Originally, the acquisition of Saab by Geely could be rather advantageous as the company has essential financial activities. Geely would have also acquired additional space for marketing activity as well as the positioned brand. Value Chain Rationale The analysis of the activities that any company incorporates for the maters of competitive advantage should be started from the general analysis of competitiveness of the corporation. The fact is that, on HK 4 821million reported in 2008, the cost of the additional services totaled 5.7% of sales (i.e., the gross profit was 94.3% of sales). The gross profit reserve appears to be essentially better than it was in 2007, when cost of services sold totaled 22.8% of sales. Originally, there was a wide variation in the gross profit margins at the three comparable companies, from 21.0% of sales to 95.1% of sales. Originally, the industry which the company is involved in is the car manufacturing. The fact is that, the main advantages of the company is the manufacturing of comparatively cheap automobiles for Eastern Europe and Asia. The activities, which are involved in successful performance of thee company are the following:   * Inbound Logistics. Includes receiving, storing, inventory control, transportation planning.   * O
Introduction Over the last three decades, technology has drastically changed and so has technology-based games. The rapid increase in popularity has been due to development of the internet infrastructure, which can now support online games that can be accessed from any geographical location. As a result, the effects of computer games can be seen in almost all aspects of today’s lifestyle, from politics, music and Hollywood. Body Technology’s influence on the gaming community has continued to grow at an alarming rate and with its increase in popularity there have been social and psychological problems that have resulted. Research shows that online gaming activities are one of the most sought after form of lifestyle by kids and young adults, a behavior that is carried along into their adult life. Though the games are popular across all genders, the male gender is one that is affected by the games more than the female gender. Research has shown that due to their nature, online games have an impact on the human brain as they spend most of their times indulging in the game rather than indulging in outdoor activities which are more interactive. The addictive nature of the games can be attributed to the nature of the game that results in the player being indulged in mindless amusement, reduced social interaction, sexism and several antisocial behaviors (Wan & Chiou, 185). These antisocial behaviors are acquired in early childhood or during the early stages of the games and develop further as the person advances. In terms of being social, a gamer tends to isolate himself socially in the name of excessive participation in online games. There are several types of games, some which were created for positive and educative purposes such as mental exercises and teaching. Nevertheless, these games aren’t popular as people opt for more indulging games that provide thrill unlike the academic based ones. As a result, research shows that individuals who indulge in these violent thrill online games develop an increase in their emotional arousal, decrease in brain activity in sections of the brain that are responsible for self organization, self-consciousness and concentration. In addition, it has been known that people engage in online gaming activities to escape social pressure or abuse as they find solace in the games as they don’t directly intrude into the character of the players, as a result they is increased dependency on the games as social ills continue to increase all over the world. As a result, the negative psychological effects arising from online games result in aggressive behaviors with others exhibiting aggressive thoughts towards the society. Also research has shown there is direct relationship between depression on males and engaging in online games as they sit alone and play the addictive games (“The Brief Penguin Handbook” 88). However, the negative effects arising out of continued use of online games will not be uniform across the players as each player has different reasons as to why they engage in the activity. Hence, if the conscience of an individual doesn’t counter the difference between reality and the game, the negative effe
“Orlando” is a sagacious charming escapade written by Virginia Woolf in form of a biography. The biography is not only an epic work of English literature but also a commentary of gender and sexuality identity. An account of the writer’s “theory of sexuality” is presented while highlighting the notion of sexual desire, femininity and masculinity. In the book, Virginia Woolf provides her thoughts on gender roles, the roles played by clothing in gender identity, and her understanding on sexual orientation 1 . The result is Woolf’s masterpiece that captures the attention of readers and elicits lots of criticism. This paper seeks to discuss how Virginia Woolf represents gender and sexuality while relating to ideas of modernism. Using the book, the paper will support the argument that it is inaccurate to bind gender and sexuality. In “Orlando”, the protagonist is born with masculine features but is transformed into a woman later in her life. This book has given a new realization and has expressed new ideas about sexual orientation in the contemporary world. According to analysts, Virginia’s ideas were as a result of her own sexual experiences. Her life was characterized by a keen interest in transsexuals, transvestites, homosexuals and the whole idea of sex change presented in Orlando. Her real life, inclinations and reasoning has profoundly found its way into her books 2 . Modernism is a trend of reasoning that emphasizes the power of people to form, modify and improve their environment. The development in scientific technology and practical experimentation has helped in development of modernism. Orlando is deeply linked to modernism with lead characters longing to unleash their power to modify their sexuality. Modernism argues that human beings have the ability to define their identity through their own inner voice. Modernism in “Orlando“is evident when against the norms and expectations of the society, Orlando accepts his changed sex. In line with modernism, Virginia argues that abilities and sexuality are not based on gender. Additionally, humans are not neatly male or female, gender changes frequently. This means that cultural treatments based on gender do not have any rational stand if gender can change frequently. Virginia’s interest in sex change is the centre of emphasis in “Orlando.” The protagonist, a youthful man called Orlando is not only interested in sex change but also develops a unique interest in clothes that defines his sexuality. In “Orlando”, Woolf demonstrates her expertise in stylistics and her exceptional treatment of gender and sexuality. This is depicted by her character development of Orlando, Princess Sasha and Archduke Harry. These characters essentially serve to separate gender from sexuality. Orlando, Princess Sasha and Archduke Harry are assigned unique sexual characteristics that are arguably against the expectations of Victorian culture. The writer has given their gender a special treatment in that afte
The process of quantifying and measuring the aspects of a healthcare problem is often challenged with various problems. Some of them may be limited by patients’ lack of understanding and participation, while others will present clinicians with ethical concerns about anonymity and confidentiality. In the care of pressure ulcers, scholars find multiple ways to calculate their rate, including such concepts as incidence and prevalence as the primary approaches (Berlowitz, 2014). Nurses may encounter some of the mentioned above problems as well as some unique issues. For example, the definition of the condition called “pressure ulcer” may differ from one practice to another (Fletcher & Hall, 2018). Furthermore, the way of information gathering also impacts the authenticity of the final results. The multitude of descriptions and calculations poses another problem – the lack of reliable national data about the rates of pressure ulcers which can be used for comparison. Identified Measures, Challenges, and Literature The strategies to pressure ulcer measurement include their incidence and prevalence. According to Berlowitz (2014), these two approaches are the main ways in which hospitals and researchers may record the necessary data. Incidence, in this case, refers to the number of patients who have acquired a pressure ulcer during their stay in the medical facility where the data collection happens (Berlowitz, 2014). This measure does not include patients who were admitted to the hospital with ulcers. Thus, this number allows the organization to see how bedsores form in this particular practice. The approach of calculating incidence may reveal the quality of care in the facility and determine how patients are treated by the staff (“How do we measure,” 2014). The second strategy is to measure prevalence – the overall number of patients with pressure ulcers in the practice (Berlowitz, 2014). As one can assume, this calculation yields a total number of all patients with pressure ulcers, regardless of the time of development. Although these calculations seem straightforward, they present medical professionals with some issues. First of all, there exists an issue of defining pressure ulcers and their stages. This problem is international – Fletcher and Hall (2018) find that many clinics in the UK do not use a unified system of documenting bedsores which significantly affects the rates. Berlowitz (2014) also provides such terms as “moisture-associated dermatitis” and “sacral and gluteal lesions” which are still confused with pressure ulcers. The scholar notes that the change in definitions introduced in 2007 by the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (
Good networking infrastructure is very important for the smooth running of a company or any other organization for that matter. Networking management should therefore be considered as an effective tool for managing an organization. Networking management simply means all activities that are involved in ensuring an effective networking system within an organization run smoothly (Carey, Tanewski, and Simnett, 2000). It is important to note that the term organization is sometimes used instead of a company in this paper because the network infrastructure application is similar in both of them. In network management, maintenance means repairing damaged parts or upgrading the network to offer better services. The provision means configuring network resources to offer desired services (Carey, Tanewski, and Simnett, 2000). Network operation means ensuring that the network is performing its tasks smoothly as intended. Midlands Environmental Business Company (MEBC) wants to upgrade its existing network infrastructure. As one of the top management team members, I was involved in advertising a job for a suitable company to write a proposal report and present to us so that we could evaluate them and choose the best one to do for us the job. We received seven reports from seven different companies and after evaluating them, we selected ManageEngine Company. We decided to pick on this company because it addressed most of our needs in its proposal report more than any other company. The capability of ManageEngine Company to do the work we expect to be done was also the highest amongst all the companies that sent their proposal reports. This report described some of the factors that made us choose ManageEngine as the best company to assist Midlands Environmental Business Company to improve its networking infrastructure. Even though the selected company may not have met all the requirements that the Midlands Environmental Business Company wanted, it demonstrated that it was in a position of tackling most of the issues. According to the management team that was involved in the selection, no company wrote a good proposal report than the ManageEngine Company. When provided with several alternatives, the best thing to do is to choose the best alternative. The services that ManageEngine Company provides to its customers match our requirements and thus we believe they will be able to produce quality work for us. We are living in a dynamic world and therefore companies should have new management systems that can enable them to compete favorably in the dynamic business world (Dunn, 2004). ManageEngine is a company that can do this through network visualization. This is done by first identifying all the networks available in a given organiza
Introduction The United Arab Emirates is a federal country located in the southwest of Asia. It consists of Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Dubai and Fujairah among others. Its capital is Abu Dhabi. The United Arab Emirates is immediately bordered by Oman and Saudi Arabia and shares boarders with countries like Iraq, Iran, and Qatar among others. This paper seeks to discuss the United Arab Emirates. The paper will look into the political and economic stability of the country in comparison to that of the Middle East to investigate whether or not, the country is a regional power. Economy of the United Arab Emirates The country is reported to have a liberalized economy with positive attributes such as “high per capita income and a sizable annual trade surplus” (Central 1). The country, like others in the Middle East has over time been highly dependent on its oil and hydro carbons to facilitate its economy. This specialized economic establishment has, however, been changing following the diversification of the country’s economy. The oil industry has however been significant to the country’s economy since oil was discovered in the country. Oil production is for example realized to have transformed the country from its previous state to the current stability with desirable living standards. The government of the United Arab Emirates has been on the fore front for steering economic developments in the country with massive investments to facilitate growth. Investments such as in expanding the economy for the creation of more job opportunities, infrastructural developments and promotion of investment activities has been a key interest of the country’s government. The move to attract investors into the country has been significant with the government granting provisions for full ownership of business enterprises to foreign investors in some parts of the country (Central 1). Cases of reduced level of taxation over investment have also been reported in the country for the purpose of attracting investors. The economic stability of the country was for instance proved during the global crisis that was realized in the year 2009 as the country was in its capacity to provide internal financial support to its affected emirates. Abu Dhabi was for instance aided Dubai through loans. The country has succeeded in its economic diversification that has greatly reduced its level of dependence on oil and gas to about a quarter of the country’s economy. This, with an assumption that the country’s productivity in oil and gas has not reduced, is an indicator th
Abstract Many position stands and review research papers confirmed the benefits and risks of resistance training. Children being at a state of growth are more prone to injuries. Therefore, the aim of this essay is to review the specifics of children strength gain in response to resistance training. Besides, reviewing, in the lights of risks children are prone to, how to set up and the essentials of design of a successful resistance training program for children. Introduction Children as a term refer to males and females individuals who did not develop secondary sexual characters (pubic hair, penile testicular, breast, fat distribution and other puberty related changes). This is usually around 11 years for females and around 13 years in males, a period in human development called pre-adolescence (Behm et al, 2008). Resistance training points to a special method of muscle conditioning, which includes progressive use of different resistive loads (gradually increasing the stress placed during exercise training). Resistance training uses different training styles to promote health, fitness and sports performance (Behm et al, 2008). Thus, the concept of resistance training does not mean resistance to exercise, on the contrary, it means exercising the muscles against external resistance causing them to contract. This results in increased muscles length, mass, tone, strength and performance. Second, resistance training is different from weightlifting, weight training and strength training where the main objective is competition and bodybuilding, which puts enormous strain on the young muscles, tendons and cartilages (American College of Sports Medicine: Position stand, 2002). Lastly, why this essay focuses on children? Fleck and Kraemer (2004, p. 11) marked few questions specific to children when considered for resistance training; first, are children physically and psychologically prepared to participate in a resistance-training program. Second, is how to tailor the program individually; third, being in an active development period, what are the appropriate styles and techniques. Should the child have a balanced physical exercise-training program associated with the resistance-training program? In addition, during this pre-adolescence period of development that needs tailoring specific resistance training following recognised guidelines to avoid injuries (Rockett et al, 2004). Physiological Mechanisms of Resistance Training how they differ among children and adults (How does it work) Understanding of the physiological mechanisms of muscle strength gain in response to resistance training and the differences of these mechanisms in adults and children is essential before designing a program suitable for children. Studies show that muscle strength gain occur within 8 weeks of training (similar to adults) because of two mechanisms first is improved neuromuscular system and second is the morphological muscular changes in response to training (Tsolakis et al, 2004). The re