ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Organizations around the world are constantly facing changes in terms of their business processes and their products or services. The increasing interest in the social and economic environment has seen the traditional views on organization development and change shifting focus to a more modernistic approach. Managers have been faced with the prospect of redesigning their organizations so that they can survive the changing economic environment and also improve the effectiveness of the organizations business processes. Organizations that have continued to rely on traditional structures and measures of effectiveness have not been able to respond to market demands that require them to change. Managers and their organizations today will be judged according to their ability to effectively and efficiently manage change within their business processes. This task will be a difficult one given that the pace of change has continued to increase dramatically over recent times. The recent economic recession and general global changes have affected how businesses operate, requiring speedy changes to their business operations or processes. Other examples of changes that have affected the performance of businesses today include the phenomenal growth of the Internet and the emergence of technologies that affect how work is performed within the organization, global climate change that has seen changes in social, political and economic environments, the emergence of stronger economic countries such as China and India and the increased activities that are directed towards corporate responsibility or green management. Changes that take place within an organization can be categorised to be internal and external changes. Internal that take place within an organization’s structure include process changes, system changes, structural changes organizational design changes. The external changes are viewed to affect an organization more than the internal changes as the management of the company has no control over these changes (Pasmore et al, 2010) Organizations will have to address external changes at both the present and future duration of their operation if they hope to survive the current economic environment. One external change that affects the business processes of an organization is the growing global market place that will be made small by new and improved technological advancements or innovations. The growth of the European Union has changed the format of the global economy as well the emergence of new economies such as China and India that have experienced rapid growth when compared to the other economies in the world. Another change that
I enjoyed reading this book because it proposes a unique and thoughtful approach reflecting the modern philosophy of life and the impact of science on the lives of individual human beings. This book appeals to me because it describes human values and problems we rarely think about. Modern society does not value human life and religion, seeing it as something ordinary and common. Through the characters of Brandon and Sarah, Myers joins religious philosophy and science, bringing up questions concerning our life values and the meaning of existence. I would have changed nothing about the story in order to keep its originality and story conflict. Any changes would bring another meaning and significance of events and ruin its unique message. This book is challenging to read because it discusses philosophical questions and raises up different problems and themes (e.g., human faith and its rejection, divine love, and mutual trust). For instance, Myers addresses such themes as human relations and the role of ambitions in our lives, influence and perception of religion, and transformation of its dogmas. For Sarah, ‘the ambition had created terrible problems for her in the past, and on more than one occasion it had proven to be her Achilles heel”. The book is challenging because it is based on controversies and oppositions and leaves the reader to decide the true meaning of events. It seems that the author is inclined to relinquish the mystery associated with scientific and unconscious solutions. The change must not have come altogether easily, however, as the plot and structure of this remarkable novel reveal. This book inspired me and forced me to rethink and revaluate religious values, the Biblical truth, and their importance in my life. Following the character of Sarah, I try to understand the role of God’s love in my life and the mission of every person on Earth. In general, divine love is a sacrifice that is painful and sorrowful, lasting for decades and causing terrible suffering and emotional burden. Myers’ philosophy depicts that suffering is undergone in order to expand t
The theme of changes used to make any society perfect concerns many aspects, among which are: economic stability and growth, morality, social profits. Youth is the layer of society with great potential. It is a ‘propulsive force’ for implementing new approaches and solutions as for enhancement of the current state of affairs in the social and societal framework. Juvenile delinquency draws to a head using survey lack of adults. The rate of violent crimes committed by young people is perpetually growing and seems to have no way out. Sentence for Violent Youth is a process with complicated factors causing it with some perspectives to get through this wrong path again. That is why it is necessary and important to “balance the criminal justice system’s goals of punishment, rehabilitation, deterrence, and protection of the community.” (McFarlane 2001) The sentences of judges are fair to accuse of the youngster to embody more responsibility into them. By law and Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA), the main sentences for violent youth presuppose in their differentiation, first, the age features. Offenders of 12 years old through 14 do not deserve adult sentences elder ones are determined to be accused as adults. Among the sentences, the following ones are distinguished: counseling, community service, or reimbursing victims for damages and imprisoning for not more than seven years. Training and monitoring as well as providing the youth with the perfect work of social services without provocative actions such as indifference of adults represented, first, my parents at the local level are the alternative methods to prevent violent attitude of juveniles. The advantages of such sentences mentioned above touch upon the growth of personal responsibility through physical restrictions or punishment implemented in work activities. This helps to make young people realize one more time the value of living in the society and the importance of understanding the asocial drawbacks of the society. Also, it serves as a tool of displaying strength due to the concept of state power and the power of the law which is considered to be entire and of active presence within the society. The overuse of incarceration is one of the major disadvantages. Another one tends to think that the social works can stimulate the dark side of juveniles’ nature to repeat previous crimes once more. Youth justice law needs more attention and participation of the government to prevent the rates of juvenile delinquency within the society. First, there should be more stress on the programs involving constant and adequate informing of the youth about the aftermath of crimes. Supposing this will touch youngsters’ consciousness and impressed them using several instances not to commit every step which contradicts the law base of the United States of America. Such prophylaxis cannot but grab youth’s attention on the facts of delinquency as harm for the soc
Introduction It is a well-known fact that the first impressions can be wrong. Our preconceived notions about other people distort the true perception of them. Very often, when we have made an opinion about someone, we are reluctant to change it, although the actions and attitude of this person can show that you are wrong. Furthermore, people tend to judge others quickly and to make false opinions. We are all different with our own characters, attitude towards the surrounding world, and other people. The differences between us should not be perceived as obstacles to communication. Instead, we have to recognize them and try to think about why the other persons behave in a certain way. In this essay, I am going to discuss the problem of prejudice towards others and to tell you about my personal experience, which has made me rethink my attitude toward the person, whom I know. The Discussion Several years ago, my neighbors moved to another city and sold their house to another family, which was composed of the father, the mother, and two children, a girl of my age and her elder sister. They settled down in the neighborhood and started their ordinary life. The father went to work early in the morning. The mother was a housewife for a certain time and later also found a job. The girls went to the local schools. I should say that all of my neighbors were rather friendly. My parents were close friends with the couple that moved to another city and I was on friendly terms with their children. We still communicate with each other and the distance does not impede our relationships. Besides, my parents and I were in good relationships with other families living in the neighborhood. When our new neighbors arrived, I understood that it was a challenge for them to become accustomed to their new life in a new place. It was interesting for me to know the girls better. By the way, their names were Julia, my coeval, and Jessica, her elder sister. Julia went to the same school as I did. When the children came altogether to communicate during the break, she preferred standing aside. After a couple of days, I decided to initiate the conversation. During the break, I tried to approach her. I went to her and said, “Hi, Julia! Why do you stand here? Let’s go to others!”. She said, “Hi, I prefer looking through of the window”. I could not imagine how looking through the same window could be interesting every day. I thought that she just was too arrogant and ignored me and others. Was I right at that time? I made my opinion quickly and stopped my attempts to befriend her. I just said, “Ok. You know better. It seems to me that you will not be a part of our team”. Did I think before I said? Probably, not well enough. The following day, things were the same. All the students communicated with each other, whereas Julia stood at the window. My classmates asked me what was wrong with her. They did not understand why she did not want to talk to them or just to have a quick word with somebody. I had been already persuaded by the correctness of my opinion and said tha
The television has been long called the “idiot box” by people and experts who believe that children who spend most of their time watching the tube do not get anything educationally nor physically beneficial for themselves. In my opinion, television watching could prove to be either detrimental or beneficial to children. But, that would all depend upon how the parents implement discipline regarding television watching time. Remember that anything in excess is considered harmful. Unfortunately, most parents, nannies, and caregivers consider the telly to be a highly effective method of controlling their wards. The mindless entertainment keeps their charges occupied, allowing them to attend to other chores. What they do not realize is that the children whom they entrust to the moving screen are at an impressionable age wherein they consider everything they see on television to be a part of reality because nobody is there to tell them otherwise. Parents are usually very concerned about the amount of sexually or violence-oriented television existing on the airwaves. But, they do not try to limit nor screen the viewing habits of their children. We already know that sex and violence are stapled ingredients of most shows these days and that at least 61 percent will contain graphic and heavy violence. Statistics collated by Dr. Michael W. Smith for his article “Is TV So Bad For Kids,” which was published in 2002, gave horrifying statistics for how much violence we consciously expose our children to on a daily basis. He explained that according to the American Academy of Pediatrics, ” a child who watches three to four hours a day of non-educational TV will see about 8,000 small-screen murders by the time he or she completes grade school.” This means that our children waste about 15 hours a day watching television without really understanding nor asking their parents about what they are seeing. Television is a highly educational tool, and most children tend to believe everything they see on it because their logic and sense of reasoning do not really exist at such young ages. In the year 2007, Dr. Aric Sigman authored a study that was published in the science journal Biology . He clearly listed at least 15 negative side effects that television viewing has on youngsters that range anywhere from short-sightedness, obesity, short attention spans, premature puberty, and in some severe cases, autism. Dr. Sigman shared that the only way to counter these dire effects is by “judiciously” allowing television w
Introduction Motivation is the force that drives people into action and encourages them into exerting more effort towards carrying out something. Motivated employees feel more comfortable and will have feelings of happiness and fulfillment. Besides, motivated workers tend to produce quality results, and are more productive than their counterparts are. Different factors exist that can determine how an individual is motivated; for instance, everyone has basic needs like; food and shelter which can be catered for by pay. However, other diverse motivators exist that stimulate people into action. A creative environment can encourage motivation especially in design where a high level of creativity is critical. Some workers will do well given the problem solving nature of their jobs and support initiative against challenges. Besides, creative staff will find the diverse nature of their occupation encouraging because they have the opportunity to try special responsibilities. Theories of Motivation – Elton Mayo According to Elton Mayo, employees are not only motivated by pay, but could also be highly motivated if their social needs are fulfillment especially when they are at the workplace (Sheldrake, 2003). Mayo introduced a new way of looking at employees and argued that managers and supervisors need to have an interest in employees. This involves valuing their opinions and treating them in a worthwhile manner by recognizing that they take pride in inter-personal interactions. While coming up with the theory, Mayo experimented at the Western Electric Hawthorne factory in Chicago. He separated two groups of women employees and viewed the outcome to productivity intensity in varying environments like working conditions and lighting. Contrary to his expectations, he was surprised to note the productivity of the employees improved or remained constant even with varying lighting and other working conditions. He then concluded that employees are highly motivated by various factors. Among his top picks are better communication between employees and their managers. When employees feel there exists consultation on their roles and responsibilities with the managers, they tend to perform better also if given the chance to give feedback. The second factor he discovered was the fact that employees responded very well to increased manager participation in their working lives. Besides the two, Mayo also identified teamwork as a motivator in working environments. He stated that corporate and businesses should reorganize to encourage teamwork, which is a theory that closely links to paternalistic management style. Abraham Maslow In the 19
Introduction   * Businesses that prosper have their core values and purpose.   * The core values support the vision of the company.   * Hewlett-Packard Company (HP) mainly focuses on the technical competencies but often forget what makes the company runs smoothly.   * Some of the recommended core values for the company are as discussed below. The core values remain fixed even as the organizations’ strategies and practices continuously adapt to the changing world. Such dynamics of conserving the core values while stimulating progress is the main reason bigger companies become elites and able to redeem themselves to achieving superior long term-performance (Waldman and Javida, 2009). They help in shaping the culture and reflecting the company’s values. Core values are currently gaining popularity in becoming recruiting and retention tools (Wolf and Egelhoff, 2002). Trust and respect for individuals This core value encourages the company to work closely with all the stakeholders to allow creation of culture inclusion built on belief, respect, and dignity for all. The company takes into account the views of the employees in trying to serve their customers properly. Achievement and contribution The Company aspires to strive in excellence in all the activities it does. In order to achieve this as a core value, the HP has to ensure integration of individuals’ view and thoughts into the development process since they are critical to its success (Waldman and Javida, 2009). Results through teamwork   * The aim of having the core values in every company is mainly help achieve appropriate results.   * The HP Company should value expertise beyond its own, and proactively look for ideas and advice from colleagues and support them. The HP Company should effectively collaborate with all the stakeholders and employees to receive broader views and alternatives of what to implement. This will help it to look for efficient ways to serve its customers and ensure implementation of goals oriented core values. The company is humble enough to rely on others, and trustworthy enough to deliver when others rely on us. The core value aims at ensuring all the stakeholders receive equal treat (Wolf and Egelhoff, 2002). Meaningful innovation As company that deals electronics, the main aim of this core value is to ensure that any of the company’s innovative product, has positive impact on the market as well as taste. The company can achieve this through ensuring that it involves the views of the customers while developing any of their products to reduce any probability of poor outcome. Uncompromising integrity The company must ensure it earns customer respect and loyalty by providing the highest quality and value, which meets the expectations of the customers consiste
Executive summary This marketing plan is prepared for Athleta Inc, which is going to expand the range of its operations in the foreign (Canadian) market of women’s sporting clothing. The plan contains general descriptions of the macro-economic environments in all three of the initially considered countries. It also outlines present dynamics in the Canadian domain of clothing retail and provides readers with the insight, as to what should account for the company’s marketing strategies in the targeted market. Introduction Athleta Inc. is the US-based retail store chain that specializes in selling women’s activewear clothing. The company was founded in 1998 and until the year 2008 (when it was acquired by Gap Inc.) it operated as an online-only retailer. Athleta is concerned with targeting educated and environmentally conscientious middle-aged women who lead a physically active lifestyle. As of 2015, the number of the company’s stores accounted for ninety-five in the US and two in Britain. In the fiscal year 2014, the amount of the company’s net sales was reported above $600 million. Following the success of Athleta’s expansion into the British market of women’s sporting goods, the store’s managers decided that they should proceed with the adopted market-expansionist policy and to make Athleta-branded products available in yet another foreign country. Among the initially considered ones were Kenya, Bangladesh, and Canada. PEST-based overviews of external macro-environments in: Kenya As of today, Kenya is considered to be one of the most politically destabilized countries in Africa, which in turn reflects the fact that Kenyan society continues to be divided alongside the tribal and religious lines. Even though the country’s economy has been showing steady growth (1%-2%) through the years 2011-2015, it did not prevent the majority of citizens from becoming progressively poorer. As of today, the poverty rate in Kenya accounts for 55%. Kenya also continues to be counted among the world’s most corrupted countries. One of the qualitative traits of Kenyan society is that it adheres to the traditional (patriarchal) values and that the percentage of Kenyans who belong to the middle-class (7%) is rather insignificant (Owiti 550). Bangladesh Being the tenth most populous country on the planet (160 million people) with the steady growth of GDP (2%-6% per year), Bangladesh is seen increasingly attractive to foreign investors. At the same time, however, Bangladesh remains a politically volatile state, in which 40% of citizens suffer from poverty. The integrity of Bangladeshi society is undermined even further by the continuation of ethno-religious tensions between its members, which re
The novel Cannery Row written by John Steinbeck does not have a distinct narrative. More likely, this literary work includes loosely-connected stories that throw light on the experiences of various people living in a small town which is adversely affected by the Great Depression. Nevertheless, there are some characters who significantly affect the behavior of other people and even change their worldviews profoundly. In particular, much attention should be paid to Doc who is the owner of the Western Biological Laboratory. Overall, it is possible to say that he is a very lonely and intelligent person; nevertheless, he cannot always express his feelings or emotions with the help of words. This is why he cannot establish closer relations with other people. Apart from that, he assists others in discovering their better qualities such selflessness or ability to enjoy beauty. More importantly, this person enables the residents of Monterey to overcome their differences or conflicts. This is the main role that this person plays. The main problem is that Doc is unable to find his own happiness, and at the end, he is still a lonesome individual who has to seek consolation in music and art. So, he can evoke the sympathy of the readers. These are the main questions that should be discussed in greater detail. At first, it is important to mention that this character encourages other people to learn more about music, philosophy, and art. In particular, he is fascinated with opera and classical music that offer him consolation. By encouraging other people to pay more attention to music, Doc enables them to get insights into his inner world. To a great extent, this person helps ot