ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introductory Summary This website is very functional and navigation is easy. However, some of the labels could stand change and the design is unexciting, somewhat drab. Some of the text should be larger. There would still be plenty of white space. The “Featured Employers” links need work. The color scheme is uninspired, almost irritating. It simply has almost no visual appeal. The graphics are few, and they do not seem to have any particular message or point. The site is very functional, but boring, even for mechanical engineers. Detailed Analysis Navigation The navigation of the site is easy for the most part. However, The “Home” link is labeled with the site name, which is confusing. It is also disconcerting that all the news links open up other sites. The site seems to have no news of its own. Much of the linked text is a bit small, sometimes difficult to read at high resolution. Drop-down menus are well done. Consistency The site is consistent. Every page looks like every other page. It is consistently uninspired. If the first page gets a little tweak to spice it up the rest will look good too. The links to featured companies should be changed. The logos should be arranged in a collage to form a link where the individual employers can be clicked on the next page. As it is the graphics are uninteresting. Clarity The purpose of this site seems to be to keep mechanical engineers up to date on the industry news and to provide a place where employers and employees can meet. However, the main animated graphic area is quite nice. The blurbs under the news links are nice, but I would use title capitalization on the headlines. Perhaps a short mission statement on the top bar would clarify the site’s purpose. Advertising is related and unobtrusive. Legibility The articles are well written and easy to read. I expect that anyone who comes to this site will be able to read and understand the content. I did not investigate all of the linked sites, but the ones I did investigate had the same high quality of content. The content is informative and interesting, written in a nice conversational new style. Conclusions With only a little work, this site could be outstanding. The flaws I found were mere design flaws that make the site a bit dull-looking. The one label is confusing, and some of the text should be a bit larger. However, the site is functional, easy to navigate, easy to read and the content is interesting. Sprucing up the look will convey the idea that the content is interesting.
Humanity and the future of the planet are in danger because of the irreversible changes in the environment. The progress and industrialization affected the world and nature significantly, and many effects are dangerous for the future of civilization. It is the task of the global community to find a reasonable solution and stop the processes of destruction. This idea is proclaimed in the documentary film The 11 th Hour (2007), directed by Leila Conners Petersen and Nadia Conners and produced by Leonardo DiCaprio, who also performed as the narrator in the film (DiCaprio, 2007). Even though the natural crisis along with global warming, floods, and deforestation is obvious and its consequences can be unpredictable for the humanity, the authors of the film state that the ways to cope with the problem and maintain the natural balance exist and can be found because of the human brain’s power. The structure of The 11 th Hour is complex, and it is based on the combination of shocking images and vivid shots with the experts’ interviews. Many scientists, politicians, and journalists, including Stephen Hawking and Mikhail Gorbachev, provide their opinion on the problem in numerous interviews. Leonardo DiCaprio, as a narrator, presents the background for the story and draws the audience’s attention to the key topics discussed in the film. The introductory part of the film demonstrates the current situation concerning the environmental crisis (DiCaprio, 2007). Many devastating hurricanes and floods are the dire
Constants and transformations from Qin through Tang Cultural The use of bone inscriptions to make prophecies was common in the early Qin period. Some of the outcomes appeared to be true, and others failed to give actual results that would match the diviners’ interpretation. In the prediction of rainfall, the bone inscriptions showed that it rained in that month several times as predicted (Mair, Steinhardt, and Goldin 9). In predicting Lady Hao’s giving birth to a son, the diviners did not predict correctly (Mair, Steinhardt, and Goldin 10). The misinterpretations and inaccuracies of predictions led to the sage of sages. The sages believed in reasoning, planning, and human action to determine outcomes. The “Confucian Teachings” became popular during the Qin period. They criticized rituals as man-made patterns and spirits as human delusions (“Confucian Teachings” 18). Xunzi argued that divination did not present heavenly desires and prophecies did not become a reality (“Confucian Teachings” 18). The Confucian disciples focused on teaching about humanity, which dictated to be truthful, generous, and kind. (“Confucian Teachings” 19). One of the main themes that emerged in the Confucian principles was filial piety. People were expected to take care of their parents in their old age and when they were in need. One was expected to be kind to his brothers and sisters, as well as to everyone else in the world (“Confucian Teachings” 21). The honoring of rulers was one of the requirements of filial piety. According to Confucius’s reply to Fan Zhi (“Confucian Teachings” 18), the teachings of filial piety encouraged the honoring of the dead and following in their path. Filial piety was one of the principles considered necessary for political and cultural orderliness. Xunzi claimed that “blessings result when you respond to Heaven by creating order” (“Confucian Teachings” 24). When people fail to plan or to respond in a timely manner, it leads to misfortune and suffering. The culture of poems is strengthened during the Tang period as it was in the Daoism period. It is seen in the story of Zhang-Wu when he speaks with the spirit of Wang’s daugh
Introduction Adequacy of nutrients in an elderly person’s diet is important for sustaining mental and physical health. Maintaining a balanced diet enables people to stay healthy as their lifestyles and bodies transform. This paper examines the dietary status and requirements of an older adult. Dietary Status of the Respondent The respondent is a seventy-year old female who lives with her daughter and grandchildren. Her diet consists of an average meat intake of 100 grams at least four times in a week, approximately 100 grams of liver taken twice a week and fish once in a while. She often takes two eggs for breakfast daily and has an average salt consumption of seven grams a day. She complains of lack of appetite and constipation, but only takes an average of two glasses of water each day. Her average calorie intake is 1800, which is normal for a person with a sedentary lifestyle. Nutritional Recommendations Older adults require more calcium, vitamin C, iron, protein, fiber, and folacin (Stanfield, 2010). Foods rich in fiber are important for digestion and reduce constipation as well as other digestive problems. The respondent should incorporate whole and fortified grains and cereals into her diet. Fiber-rich foods should not be taken raw since they hinder the absorption of essential minerals. Dried, frozen, fresh, and canned fruits (as well as vegetables) provide an outstanding supply of fiber and several other nutrients. Bright-colored vegetables like carrots and broccoli are preferable fo
Introduction and Background The history of Emirates Airlines is an example of exceptional success and outstanding approach to business creation, development, and maintenance. For more than thirty years, the company has developed and implemented several advertising campaigns, promoting the Emirates brand in various directions, and all of them have been recognized as successful. However, times change and Emirates Airlines requires a new approach to advertising, promoting its brand, and attracting new clients who have substantially ‘evolved’ since the 1980s. Summary Emirates Airlines is considered one of the largest and most successful airlines in the world as of today. The company was created in 1985, having only 10 million U.S. dollars of capital and a team consisting of a dozen people. It was founded in March, and in October, the first flight was performed to Karachi. It should be noted that those $US10 million was the only support the company received from the government of Dubai (Balakrishnan, Michael & Kennedy 2013). The Emirates has operated independently since that time, having protection from the government in terms of competition neither at the beginning of the operations nor today. The company had started business operations with two leased aircraft: Boeing 737 and Airbus 300. After the inaugural flight, only two new destinations were opened: New Delhi and Bombay. The modern fleet of Emirates Airlines includes 171 aircraft with 232 still to come. In 2012, airlines flew to more than 120 destinations located in almost 30 countries worldwide (Balakrishnan, Michael & Kennedy 2013). The Emirates employs about 45,000 personnel, including 14,000 employees as cabin crew. Such a breathtaking success is the result of the work of three outstanding managers and leaders heading the company: His Highness Sheikh Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum, Chairman and CEO of Emirates Airline, and the whole Emirates Group, Sir Maurice Flanagan, Executive Vice Chairman, and Tim Clark, President of Emirates Airlines (Balakrishnan, Michael & Kennedy 2013). These top executives have implemented numerous policies and development programs,
Introduction Ice cream is a type of frozen dessert that can either be factory manufactured or home-made. Ice cream can be made of several ingredients but the core ingredients are cream, sugar and additives such as flavouring. In the case of Chocolate ice-cream, the flavouring added is normally chocolate. Chocolate ice cream is the second most common type of ice cream in the world after vanilla. As a matter of fact, chocolate flavoured ice creams have been in existence for the past one hundred years becoming very popular among the citizens of the United States of America. Chocolate ice cream is made by whipping a mixture of cream, cocoa powder, eggs, sugar and vanilla and then having the blend frozen (Brown, 2005, p.1). The end product is usually a chocolate looking frozen cream as shown in the fig. 1 below. Most of the ingredients and additives used to make chocolate ice cream are not known to have any allergenic characteristics thus making the product consumable by many. Fig.1 (Elinor, 2007, p.1). Packaging and the shelf-life of Chocolate ice cream There are several ways of packaging chocolate ice cream which include: plastic cups, plastic containers and jars, glasses and cones just to mention a few. The packaging of chocolate ice cream, depends on the time of use for instance if it is to be eaten immediately, it could be served in cones, cups or glasses. For future use, it is kept in closely fitted containers. During shipping or transportation, the chocolate ice cream is normally frozen and stored in refrigerators or carbonated ice containers. Given its composition, chocolate ice cream is self-pr
Introduction: What is an Ethical Dilemma? An ethical dilemma is an intricate situation that involves an apparent mental conflict. One is unable to choose a result that professionally is right but would transgress another. In counselling, it emanates from conflicting professional approaches that affect ones moral imperativeness therefore leading to a moral paradox. Professionally, either a diagnosis pits a previous diagnosis by a counsellor of psychiatrist in an incompetence situation or legal implications arise after confidential data from a diagnosis are released against a patients will, but with the sole purpose of helping the patient recover. In such an event, to ‘disclose these contexts to aggrieved parties or not disclosing’ becomes a moral paradox. Ethical dilemmas are commonplace in counselling and psychiatry. Professionals in these careers often face these dilemmas especially when referrals are made to them. An Ethical Dilemma June and Ward’s son Brett is having a physiological problem. A diagnosis by the school counsellor points out a condition known as ADD, ‘attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (Foreman, 2006). The case of Brett has become an ethical issue based on the following; questions are revolving around what information can be released to the parents (refraining from diagnosis) and parents request to review the diagnosis since no
Introduction The given article states that to successfully treat substance abuse, we should recognize addiction as a brain disorder. The article also gives us some details on brain anatomy and states that exploring the brain’s physiology is the key factor in the clinical understanding of addiction as a disease. The studies show that addiction equally affects the brain’s survival and pleasure centers, which trigger the most primitive instincts in humans and other animals alike. Those centers are sometimes referred to as the Lizard Brain, due to it being responsible for such reactions and needs as eating, drinking, fleeing, defending oneself, etc. Evidence Used For this article, the authors relied on information from such sources as the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University (CASAColumbia), The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), Am J Psychiatry , the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), and others. All of them can be identified as helpful and trustworthy data suppliers. The authors applied screening tools like Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT), the World Health Organization (WHO) Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT); and questionnaires like WHO, the CAGE, and the Drug Abuse Screen Test (DAST) to estimate the presence of an addiction. All in all, it can be said that the article had a very solid informational basis. The Target Audience This article is relevant to the situation in modern US society because, as it was stated at the beginning, 40 million people suffer from different forms of substance addiction in the United States, with about 80 million more on the verge of acquiring some sort of substance addiction. These figures look terrifying, as they reflect almost half of the population (about 48%). Substance abuse is often followed by much more serious diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and AIDS. At present, almost 20 million people in the US have cancer. There is also a constant death rate attributed to prescription drug overdose, which is growing every year (Miller 291). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 165,000 people have died from prescribed drug overdoses in America from 1999 to 2014 (par. 1). Opioids, of course, always pose a special probl
World War II exacted a heavy toll on every country that was dragged into the conflict. Dawson (2019) states that “women were conscious actors who made decisions to fight for survival, for civil rights and for participation in the war” (176). During the war, thousands of women served their land everywhere: both on the front line, fighting alongside men, and in the rear – working on factories and plants manufacturing weapons, clothes, food. Factory work was by no means easy, and it did not provide many opportunities such as career growth or social welfare. Instead, it only asked for sacrifices – shifts lasted more than 10 hours in a row, and the production demand was very high. Women had to leave their families, parents, and children, to provide for them, working themselves to the bone. In addition, the conditions in which women worked were not pleasant either, and more often than not become the cause of illnesses and injuries to them. Despite the war being a major danger for everyone, there were still racial and gender prejudices in American society. For example, factories did not allow Black women to work in higher positions, such as clerks or secretaries. Instead, they were only let into the harder jobs of a lower level. Moreover, Blacks, as well as other minorities, were not allowed into the workers’ unions, and there was still racial tension towards them. In the propaganda posters of military time, women were represented more as symbols of liberty, painted in a feminine light, according to the gender stereotypes of women being lesser than men. Wollney and Sternadori (2019) state that “wartime posters and ads typically showed middle-class women in individualistic jobs, while lower-class women were depicted in more communal settings, subordinate to men, and working unskilled factory or farm jobs” (6). Rather than calling into action as an example – like in the Soviet war propaganda – American propaganda mostly depicted women as White, middle-class caretakers, drawn into the labor by patriotic impulses. World War II was unprecedented in its scale and impact. During it, a lot had changed, and the perception of women was one of the aspects that gained a new perspective. I would like to think that women, whose labor helped to secure a victory against the Nazis, taught then their children – especially daughters – that they are capable of much more than what society thinks they are. Works Cited Dawson, Sandra Trudgen. “Women and the Second World War.” International Journal of Military History and Historiography , vol. 39, no. 2, 2019, pp. 171–180., doi:10.1163/24683302-03902002. Wollney, Easton, and Miglena Sternadori. “Feminine, Competent, Submissive: A Multimodal Analysis of Depictions of Women in U.S. Wartime Persuasiv
General Descriptions   * Name: Pearly Whites Stomatology Clinic;   * Purpose: To provide affordable and high-quality dental care to denizens of a particular area;   * Mission: To improve the state of oral healthcare through the promotion of preventative and dental treatments in the populace;   * Vision: To set a new standard of care for modern dentistry in the US and beyond;   * Product of service: Treatment of teeth and gums, provision of implants, consultation services, preventative treatments;   * Background information: New company, set in a district with low access to quality dental care. The team is comprised of experienced professionals and support staff. Created and funded using personal savings as well as supportive grants provided by various government programs. The proposed business plan features the newly-found company called Pearly Whites Stomatology clinic. Stomatology is one of the most demanded areas of medicine both in the US and abroad. The expenditures of the population on dentistry in 2016 was over 124 billion dollars nation-wide, with a three percent increase in each of the following years (Vujicic, Buchmueller, & Klein, 2016). Poor quality of care, high prices, a lack of oral healthcare knowledge, and the abundance of corroborative factors make teeth and gums highly vulnerable to deterioration. The negative effects are particularly obvious on poor and vulnerable population subgroups, who often do not have enough resources on preventative treatment, which results in greater long-term negative effects. Substandard oral health can result in significant medical and socio-economic issues for individuals and their families (Vujicic et al., 2016). The purpose of the business is to address the issues highlighted above and provide affordable high-quality dental care to the denizens of low-income area. The company’s overarching mission is to improve the standards of oral health in the community by focusing on preventative procedures, patient education, and the facilitation of affordable interventions for the locals. Instead of promulgating inaction, resulting in expensive treatments in the long-term perspective, Pearly Whites Stomatology Clinic would focus on patient volumes, sustaining good standards of oral health through timely checks and minor corrections during the first stages of cavity and plaque development. Pearly Whites Stomatology acknowledges that all patients have different needs, and strives to provide the highest standard of dental care available. The products of service would include a full spectrum of treatment, starting from timely check-ups and ending with nerve removal and implant installation. That way, the company will be capable of addressing the needs of the community in full without forcing individuals to complete the necessary procedures elsewhere. The company is set in Miami, Florida, in one of the poorer districts that have low access to affordable and available dental care. In order t
Introduction The life of minority groups cannot possibly be deemed as easy. It is a controversial theme for discussions, and a constant theme in literature, as many writers endured similar circumstances. This paper will compare and analyze two books that depict minorities: On the Golden Porch by Tolstaya and Angela’s Ashes by McCourt. The narration of both stories is set around the financial condition, class, and how characters manage or do not manage to get through it. That is why the analogy can be made between them. Similarities between the stories The narration of On the Golden Porch is presented in the first person. Rather than telling a story in a linear narrative, the author creates a series of short chronicles that capture some fragments from the lives of different people in Russia during the Soviet era. The character, however, is not introduced. She is an unidentified young girl who is trying to recall her childhood memories, which were spent in a small Russian town. The main events are shown through her childish perspective. This is why the style of stories is not completely rational and transparent. It is rather a combination of realistic narrative and lyrical prose, with many metaphors and references to classical Russian fairytales. The scene of the book is placed in the Soviet Union not long before the end of communism, which was not an easy time, especially for families with lower incomes. They desperately try to make their dreams come true by working hard; however, due to outside circumstances, they are incapable of accomplishing their goals. Unfortunately, for those reasons, characters in Tolstaya’s book often face an unfair and pathetic end. For example, in a story under the name of “Peters”, a small, chubby, and overall plain librarian dreams about the love of his life that he will meet someday. The only thing he needs to accomplish his goal is to learn the German language, which was the idea that his family encouraged. The narration implies that the reader should believe in the librarian. However, his dreams a crushed when the attractive lady that Peter was in love with rudely rejects him. Moreover, the other character in the book, uncle Pasha, who always worked tirelessly for his wife and his simple dreams, passed away all alone and did not even get a proper funeral. This piece of the story demonstrates how uncaring some people can be, even if they are family. This lack of sympathy is often the source of misery for the characters. In the narration, the authors use symbolism pretty often in various instances. The name of the book itself is a reference to a famous Russian nursery rhyme, which is popular among kids. One of the characters, Veronika, who was the wife of uncle Pasha, is compared to a character from Pushkin’s fairytale – an old