ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract A Non-profit organization describes a type of business that does not allow the sharing of profits among its owners. The term ‘profit’ in this description is used to explain but not actually to mean the perception of surplus of revenues against the organizations spending. Non-profits organization are organized into corporations under the corporations laws which may vary in each state since every state has its own provisions of creating a non-profit organization that allow different forms of organizations including a trust or unincorporated association among others. There is also involvement of Internal Revenue Service (IRS) since it’s under this section that the organization of nonprofits is defined including taxation. Any corporation is required to pay corporate income tax to the federal government on their net income and it is here is that charities tax exemption is highlighted. There is the need for NGOs to engage themselves in fundraising activities in an attempt to fulfill their financial obligations. Various ways are available through which NGOs can be bale to seek for funds to finance their operations. First, it is the government grants that provide them with the largest support. However, in some instances, non-government agencies, corporations and foundations can also give their financial assistance through donations. Agencies that receive grants from the government to run their humanitarian programs base their repayment on charges for those services. There are bureaucracies that are involved when trying to acquire government grants. For instance, the receiving organizations are required to prepare a report of the programs they operate and how they spent their funds when the grant period ends. Introduction and Statement of the Problem Nonprofits are usually run under different rules and regulations from those that govern private organization established for making profits. They enjoy some special privileges and this gives them significant advantages over profit seeking corporation in the market. These non-profit organizations do not pay taxes to
The display screens allow a person or an organization to The display screens allow a person or an organization to communicate promotional messages to the organization in-store customers. However, the success of the method depends on the content and its suitability to the customers view. It does not depend on canned content that runs in a loop. Rather, success depends on automatic identification of information, analysis and dynamical response, which likely influences the customer. Additionally, Odysii solution has marketing intelligence capabilities that ensure that the customers are educated on relevant issues and creates a better ambiance at the branch. This will make the customers feel they are valued which translates to increase in loyalty. This perspective differs a lot from the digital signage solutions. The aim of the signage solutions is assist at the point-of-purchase, an aim that it inadequately fulfills. This is because the signage tools do not change the content. Thus, there are limitations when signage solutions are used:   * Not Dynamic – Does not put into consideration fluid nature of business   * Not targeted – It doesn’t not accustom to the viewers   * Not productive – It lacks the ability to create relevant promotion and content on the fly   * Not strategic – It does not employ marketing strategy Hence, the use of signage solutions communicates outdated and irrelevant content to the customers when the customers are ready to make purchasing decisions, this goes against the aim of display screens. For example, signage solution may promote a product that is out of stock or introduces a service e.g. student loan program to recently graduated student. Thus, the main difference between the two methods is that, Odysii solution allows, fresh, relevant and targeted message to the customers. This is an advantage over the signage solution. Real In-store Marketing A marketing intelligence that is strategically placed delivers better performance. Digital signage is popping in various parts e.g. street corners. The digital signs are better compared to the traditional in-store marketing aspect e.g. posters because they are dynamic and able to produce sound. Conversely, the traditional in-store marketing is expensive to produce, are not adaptable and its effectiveness cannot be easily be measured. Thus, is digital signage better, right? Not necessary. Digital signage is better than the traditional method because it allows production of sound, animation and the loop of the promotion can be planned and updated. Neve
This paper deals with the article Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Saxons by Nell Irvin Painter, published in The Journal of American History , Vol. 95, No. 4. The article criticises Emerson’s race theories and analyses the mistakes made by Emerson and his contemporaries. This review aims to evaluate the contents of the article and assess the effectiveness of the arguments it presents. Article Summary Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Saxons presents the reader with an extensive review of the “Anglo-Saxonist” theory which was first heralded by Thomas Jefferson and later developed by Emerson and his mentor Thomas Carlyle. This ideology states that white Americans are, both racially and culturally, descendant from Saxons, viewed as a very romantic version of various Scandinavian and Germanic raiders and settlers which inhabited Britain from the 5 th century. The followers of Anglo-Saxonism saw Saxons as savage and virile raiders, full of courage and energy. By claiming to be the descendants of this people Saxonists elevated themselves above other races and nationalities, even discarding Celts as simple and brutish. Jefferson touched on these ideas, but it was Emerson, who developed and promoted the Anglo-Saxonism, dedicating an entire book English Traits to the subject. As the article states, he saw both Englishmen and Americans as heirs to Saxons and attributed to them the same traits he admired in his version of Saxons. Painter heavily criticises the theory. He points out that Emerson often makes mistakes: not distinguishing different ethnicities, not accounting for the political incompetence of Scandinavia of his era and seeing many traits he lacked as a base of the American character. The thesis of the article is that Emerson’s “Saxons” are not just any white people, but instead embody a certain set of idealised traits which he attributed to both Americans and Englishmen while contrasting them with the characteristics of inferior Celts. The Main Argument The principal argument of the article is that Emerson distinguishes Saxons from German peoples and Celts who are viewed as inferior in his work. He admires the qualities he sees as essential for a Saxon: brutality, virility, courage and masculinity. He sees other white peoples as inferior. Irish – the descendants of the Celts – are viewed as ugly and of little intelligence. French – as frivolous and corrupt. Germans – as lacking will and political constitution for greatness. To Emerson only the descendants of the Saxons – Englishmen and Americans – are true white people of any worth. The Argument Assessment Painter proves his point by providing the reader with many examples from the Emerson’s work. He shows how the Jefferson’s idea was developed and finalised in Emerson’s English Traits . The contents of the book are thoroughly analysed. It covers Northmen extensively while glancing over Germanic peoples and Celts. To E
The acclaimed documentary called “Jesus Camp” that was released in 2006 and filmed in 2005 divided the United States and its audience into the people that perceive “Jesus Camp” as a revealing creation that debunks Evangelical Christian summer camp and its main preacher Becky Fisher, and the people that view this film as a twisted point of view that was designed to put the viewers off the church and faith on purpose. One of the main characters of “Jesus Camp” is Becky Fisher, who tries to put into practice and upstream method of promoting Evangelical Christianity though addressing young children. The documentary follows several of Becky Fisher’s speeches and comments. Besides, the film contains interviews with her explaining the behaviors of the children attending her performances. Most of the time, during Becky’s, preaches the camera captures her from behind or from the side. This is done in order to present the reaction of the audience to the words of the preacher and her claims that from time to time tend to be rather aggressive, for example, when Becky several times uses intonation of disgust telling the children that the world around them is sick and needs to be fixed, or when she aggressively attacks popular culture stating that many of the books and film children love today, such as “Harry Potter” are anti-Christian, and their characters should burn in hell. The viewers get to learn about Becky Fisher’s personal life when the filming crew visits her home showing her watching her own performances and admiring her own work. According to the interview with Fisher, she is an extremely confident person; she even states that she can lead any children at any place to Jesus. Basically, Fisher’s own words serve as the best example of her own goals and desires, she openly states that children are “usable” in Christianity; she views them as a tool to deliver faith to the society of the future. Another scene that show’s Becky Fisher’s incredible devotion to her faith and what she is doing is when she prepares the conference hall for the upcoming gathering of the children and organizes her crew to pray on the seats, and on the microphones and on the computers. This scene shows that Becky perceives her religion as a good luck charm, thinking that a prayer said over the conference hall and all of its corners and every object in it will grant that the gathering will go well. The creators of “Jesus Camp” documentary did not add any commentary, special effects of music to the film; they presented the actual scenes and interviews from the Kids on Fire Christian summer camp, footage from the homes of Evangelical Christian families and the conversations of several children, the members of the Evangelical Christian community. The film reveals the techniques Fisher employs to affect the mind of the children, this includes the distorted music on the background of her preach, the exciting jumping and dancin
In findings published by Summers (n.d), 89 percent of all restaurant patrons (in the US) “researched a restaurant online prior to visiting” it. Majority of the respondents featured in the survey argued that they can anticipate the experience they will have with a hospitality service provider, just by surfing the service provider’s website. Stonyfield Café’s website Stonyfield Café is a fast-food chain restaurant in Maine, New England. A small business, Stonyfield Café has found a niche selling organic foods to its customers. Looking through its website, one gets the impression that the chain restaurant has spared no effort in designing a user-friendly website, whose content is assured by the detailed information provided therein. The Restaurant has done well in listing ‘all’ its menus in the website. The pricing of all dishes has also been indicated in the ‘dining menu’ section, which is accessible via the menus webpage. One weakness in the ‘Stonyfield Café’ website that emerged in the course of writing this review is that the menus are not as informative as one would like them. For instance, while this author was certain that he had seen the operation hours listed in one of the web pages, attempts to ascertain the information later only led to going from one page to the other without much success. Logically, one would expect the information about the café’s operation hours to be listed in the ‘About Us’ webpage. Unfortunately, this is not the case in the Stonyfield café website. One also gets the impression that the website is not direct in its communication to the customer. For example, the webpage that contains information relating to the café’s social corporate responsibility is named ‘community’. The contacts webpage on the other hand is marked by the words ‘Find Us’. To the non-discerning customer who understands unambiguous communication, the Stonyfield café website would be hard to understand. There is no information regarding the entertainment options in the Stonyfield Café website. However, the website content stresses the importance of organic foods hence giving the impression that people who eat in the restaurant are health conscious. As Spang (2000) wrote, restaurants confer status to their customers, and the health conscious Americans would no doubt want to be associated with a restaurant like Storyfield Café. Overall, the Storyfield café website is user-friendly, and seems to have been designed with a specific target in mind. Recommendations Re-naming the WebPages to make them unambiguous is one of the recommended actions that the café should consider doing. Additionally, the Café needs to consider improving its ‘About Us’ webpage. As Eisenberg (2006) aptly puts it, such a page gives the website owner a chance to communicate to the customer and cement a long-term relationship with him or her. Bayfront Convent
Policy Measure The policymakers have increased their attention on the removal of racial/ethnic disparities in healthcare. However, no consensus seems to have been received in this direction. On the initiative of the US Congress, a National Healthcare Disparities Report has been prepared. This report has identified four policy measures for addressing racial and ethnic healthcare disparities including the healthcare disparities among women. One of the policy measures is to increase the knowledge base on causes and interventions to reduce disparities among others. In this area, considerable efforts are being taken to impart training to healthcare providers to cater to the requirements of women belonging to different races and with different ethnicity. This training covers the provision of culturally and linguistically appropriate services. The policy also covers the use of electronic medical records to reduce medical errors. It also improves coordination of the provision of healthcare and enhances the use of financial incentives for promoting high-quality health care to reduce the racial and ethnic healthcare disparities. The policy also aims to address the issues of socioeconomic status and education, which have a large influence on the healthcare status of ethnic women (KaiserFamilyFoundation, 2008). Even though there is substantial evidence of racial and ethnic health care disparities, there are not many instances of developing interventions for eliminating these disparities. One of the areas in which there is a glaring healthcare disparity is ‘mammography’. Ethnicity has been considered a significant factor in the prevalence of breast cancer among black women. Even though the number of black women having breast cancer is less, the mortality rate among black women because of this disease is found to be very high and disproportionate (Grana, 1998). Application of the Policy Measure The policy measure of the increasing knowledge base is applied to increase the knowledge of the black women to go in for periodic mammography for the early detection of breast cancer. There are two important issues associated with mammography. First, mammography is related to the stage in diagnosis. Secondly, factors that affect mammography use are not properly understood but such factors are influenced by socio-demographic and cultural factors. Therefore, the policy measure should attempt to educate black women to understand the use of screening mammography, especially in older women. Since many barriers impede the use of screening of mammography and many other preventive healthcare initiatives, it becomes imperative that the policy undertakes to educate black women and make them understand mammography and breast cancer outcomes (Grana, 1998). Prospects of the Success of the Policy Measure I have my own reservations about the success of this policy measure in increasing the knowledge base of ethnic women. This is because of certain barriers, which prevent the possibility of an open discussion with ethnic women. Fo
Engagement Teaching music is a delicate process that requires engaging students to become aspiring learners. Unless learners are enthusiastic about music and about playing musical instruments, they are unlikely to succeed, which is why a teacher must increase engagement rates among learners. In order to appeal to every student and to motivate them to study actively, I will craft a teaching strategy that is founded on students’ backgrounds and hobbies, thus inviting them to be more engaged and more participatory (Burnard and Murphy 28). I believe that music is a universal tool for communicating important ideas and for expressing oneself, thus it should be viewed as the medium for conveying essential messages. I plan to reflect this in my teaching approach. The process of teaching music should be based on providing students with opportunities to enter the world of music, with the teacher as their guide and support (Corke 11). At this point, the connection between music and community, as well as culture, needs to be discussed. There is no secret that music, as a tool of personal expression, reflects the cultural traditions in which a person firmly believes; therefore, my teaching strategy will rely on linking the learners’ cultural background to theory and practical tasks so that they could develop an intrinsic understanding of the subject. Thus, the learners will more easily relate to music, and as a result, necessary prerequisites for active engagement in the studies, and an enthusiasm for the required material, can be expected (Kerchner 142). Assessment Music is one of the areas in which an accurate assessment of student’s skills is a challenging process, mainly because tests must be customized to meet each student’s needs. I will work on developing unique tests for each learner. For example, students will be asked to perform a short musical piece on a particular instrument. The assessment will involve relevant activities to help identify whether the learners are interested in what they are learning. Via this process, motivation rates can be measured and sustained at the required level (Barrett, ‎Webster, ‎and Webster 29). Challenges Naturally, working in a diverse environment means dealing with numerous challenges, where cultural misunderstandings are a potential downfall. Some learners may hold prejudices toward the subject, while others may lack motivation. The identified issues are likely to spark misconceptions and even conflicts in the classroom. By using negotiation techniques and by accessing each student’s cultural specifics, I will be able to not only handle but also successfully prevent the conflicts (Kelly 57). I believe that people need to develop lifelong learning skills in the subjects that they study; otherwise, the learning process will not help them to grow, personally or professionally. My plan is to focus on the promotion of self-directed, lifelong learning skills among the students. By acquiring the identified abilities, the target audience will be ab
The problem of human health captivates people for a long period, and the process of human health-endangering symbolizes a kind of extinction for the vast majority of human species. Human activities should go in accordance with protecting human life and the health of human beings, any human activity that may try to put man’s life at risk should be avoided at all cost (Murray et al., 2002). Armed conflicts have varied adverse impacts on human lives, and the best and evident example is the war that has to lead to great injuries and deaths to many people. There are both direct and indirect health problems: direct impacts include the physical injuries and death caused by the weapons, and indirect effects include deaths and injuries that lead to the actions delayed due to interruptions in a communication system. Warring countries and states develop poor communication and social infrastructure that worsen delivery of health services thus leading to more deaths (Murray et al., 2002). The use of arms rather than diplomacy in solving international conflicts has to lead to wars between countries and states thus putting public health at risk. Individuals and nations are arming themselves with dangerous weapons that have so far claimed millions of human life and rendered many homeless (Murray et al., 2002), and the international community should adopt the use of diplomacy in solving conflicts rather than the use of arms. Reference List Murray, C., King, G., Lopez, D., Tomijima, N., Krug, E.G. (2002). Armed Conflict as a Public Health Problem . Web.
Executive Summary This is a report describing the findings after visiting in a paintball course. It describes the expectations of visits and the perceptions from the visit. The visit setup is on an early morning when the students were in session and practicing the game. It, therefore, presents a credible and compelling situation. This is because there are unexceptional components that were detected and triggered certain issues of improvement. Consequently, this report will present the formation of the course, environment, the mood of classes, students involved and instructions delivered by the instructor. It, also, takes a positive side of encouraging other people to participate in this course for their beneficial impacts. In addition, there are other factors that have been considered in this report. A factor that cannot be left out involves advertisement strategies that have been suggested by the board. This will be an effective step that will raise the growth of this course and the institution. Finally, the ideas retrieved from the visit have been provided to mark the potential state of paintball. Expectations There were issues that were expected before the visit. According to Rein, Philip, and Ben (2006), to make an effective study and practice area for paintball, there must be hiding places. Consequently, we expected that there would be a bushy area where people would hide during the game. The picture expected was from a remote, natural and wide area. For instance, the bushy area could have been a forest section without wild animals. It was expected to be quite defiant and harsh since the practice is usually applied in under natural circumstances by police. Military rely partially on these games to establish the best way of hiding and defeating their enemies. It was obvious that there would be an experienced instructor to direct the students. Also, it was expected that male students would be more than a female student. Description The findings did not align fully with the expectation. There was a modernized strategy that was applied to serve as the natural forest. It was on a flat and small area of about 7 acres. There were large rocks, buildings, holes, and other hiding places that had been modified. However, there were instructors who were well informed about paintballs. In fact, there were 8 instructors handling students in different groups. In addition, each instructor specialized with a group of his own and at a certain level of learning. Surprisingly, there was no female instructor. The male students exceeded the female students by an estimated factor of 8. This aligned with the postulation made by Rein, Philip, and Ben (2006). The playfield was in front of the entrance. Therefore, the ideas of paintball were depicted in mind once a person stepped into the school. In fact, there was a board that advertised the paintball and an image of a person wearing the playing tools. I could tell easily that I was in the right place even before entering. This is because the board had been raised highly above the institution walls. Apparently, it happened that I managed to arrive early before