ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Hong Kong Hong Kong is a unique urban region with diverse cultural elements located in the Asian continent. The administrative region belonging to the Chinese territory has witnessed a series of transformations over the years (Chu, 2017). The origin of this place dates back to 1841 when the British traders wanted to expand their business relationship with China (Chu, 2017). This native Asian region has a population of approximately 7.507 million as of 2019 (Wang, 2020). Moreover, in the same year, Hong Kong recorded an average household income of US$3541.52 per month (Chu, 2017). In 2018, this region documented an all-time high of 3.8832 million people employed (Wang, 2020). The official languages spoken by the people of Hong Kong are Chinese and English. In addition, the region’s geography can be described as hilly and mountainous while it lies on the coast of the Asian mainland, covered by steep igneous rocks and volcanoes (Wang, 2020). This paper explores the business environment of Hong Kong, analyses its cultural elements using Hofstede’s framework, and offers recommendations to the challenges of conducting business in the region. Business Environment of the Country Hong Kong is regarded as one of the best regions for enterprising individuals and companies. It offers a stable and well-organised business landscape with its cutting-edge infrastructure and telecommunications considering its $365.7 billion Gross Domestic Product in 2019 (Wang, 2020). It is also well-known for its Laissez-faire economic system, suggesting that its government does not practice interventionism, thereby allowing businesses to expand as the society also develops (Chu, 2017). However, its administrative bodies only get involved with public limited companies. Due to Hong Kong’s low tax approaches, this region collects revenues by selling and levying taxes on land and also encouraging foreign direct investments from individuals and corporations in other countries. Hong Kong’s main income sources have been attributed to its significant industries such as financial services, especially banking and insurance, trade facilitation and logistics, and tourism (Wang, 2020). The region’s leading imports are integrated circuits, diamonds, office equipment, telephones, and many more. In contrast, its primary export products are gold, broadcasting equipment, watches and clocks, and appliances. Cultural Analysis Based on Hofstede’s Framework Figure 1. Hong Kong’s Hofst
It declared could be argued that indeed history does belong to those who rein victory in a war. If this is the case then, what would become of a situation that sees two sides declaring that the victory belongs to them? In this book, ‘no simple victory’, Norman Davies attempt to unravel this explore the book is not so much revisionist history. On the contrary, Norman tries to offer novel insights through the evaluation of facts that have been well established (Hastings, 2006). At the same time, Norman also attempts to highlight those facts that seem to be less known. By exploring the issue of the Second World War and its causes, Norman also attempts to assess the key political ideologies that sought to gain supremacy during this war (Hastings, 2006). The issue of the civil war in Spain comes to mind here, considering that it ended when the Second World War was being ushered in. Spanish Civil War as the beginning of World War II The civil war in Spain was a key conflict that begun after a faction of the army attempted to overthrow the government by plotting a coup d’etat. This civil war that lasted from July 17, 1936, up to 1 st April 1939 ruined Spain. The war ended with the conquest of the revolutionaries and the dawning of the authoritarianism led by General Francisco Franco, a fascist (Isby, 2004). The fascist leader, General Franco led in the defeat of those who supported the republic. On the one hand, the republicans had the support of both Mexico and the Soviet Union. On the other hand, those who followed the revolutionaries received the backing of Germany, Italy, and Portugal. The civil war in Spain led to heightened tensions before the starting of the Second World War and has largely been referred to as ‘possible war by proxy’ between the fascist axis that consistent of Nazi Germany and fascist Italy on the one hand, and the soviet union and its communism on the other hand. (Isby, 2004). The aerial city bombing, as well as the use of tanks, would later be used in the European war. Owing t6o the advent of the mass media, an unparalleled height of attention came into play, and this made the war inspire political division and passion, as well as the atrocities that were committed by the two divergent sides. Fascism and Spain and their stance throughout WW2 In September of 1936, the senior generals of the nationalist movement had an informal general meeting, and they elected General Franco to be their leader. Initially, General Franco was meant to be just the commander–in–chief. However, following the demise of General Emilio Mola, who was the initial leader of the movement, this meant that now, General Franco was also the head of the state. As such, he had almost unlimited as well as absolute powers (Hastings, 2006). The supposed provisional; government now under General Franco was meant to rule over those territories that were under the control of the nationalists at the time of the civil war. The nationalist movement was faced with a main political action at the time of the war; that of consolidating heterogeneous political movements in a bid to form
Introduction Religion is of great importance to many people in the world. By following their various religious beliefs, people are able to find meaning in their lives and lead purposeful lives. Religion also provides a moral code that guides the lives of the followers. While there are hundreds of religions in the world, only a few have considerable numbers of members. Two of the major world religions are Islam and Christianity. Each of these religions has over one billion followers who are found in all the continents. This paper will compare and contrast some of the aspects of Christianity and Islam with the aim of showing that while these two religions often appear irreconcilable, they have some significant similarities. Differences The first difference between Islam and Christianity is that the two religions have different founders who lived in different historical times. A Jew called Jesus Christ, who claimed to have been the son of God, founded Christianity (Streng 5). On the other hand, Mohammed, who is revered by his followers as the last and most important prophet of God, founded Islam (Gerner 5). The two religions leaders occupied different times in history and they introduced their respective religions to different groups of people. Christianity was introduced in the year 1AD to Jews in Jerusalem while Islam was introduced in 7AD to Arabs in Mecca. The leaders of these two religions played differing roles in society. While Jesus was primarily a spiritual leader, Mohammed was both a spiritual and a political leader (Ayoub 342). The relevance of Jesus Christ in Christianity and Islam also proves to be a major area of divergence in the two religions. While the person called Jesus is recognized by both religions, the two religions hold varying beliefs about him. To Christians, Jesus is a central character in the faith and his followers believe that he was crucified and later resurrected, making him mankind’s salvation (Streng 8). He is therefore worshiped and held in the same reverence as God. For Muslims, Jesus was a prophet who preached the word of God to the Jews. Muslims do not believe that Jesus was a son of God and his role in the religion of Islam is minor compared to that of Mohammed. Even if Jesus might be referenced by Muslims since he is recognized as a prophet, he cannot be worshiped. While both religions have the concept of salvation for humanity, they differ in how this salvation is obtained. According to Christianity, all people are born with an “original sin” (Baker 131). This is the sin that was passed on when the first two people created by God, Adam and Eve, sinned. The only way that this original sin can be removed is by repenting to God and accepting his forgiveness. Christians think that believers can obtain salvat
The Interaction Between Pubertal Timing and Peer Popularity for Boys and Girls The article under consideration dwells upon the correlation between adolescent depression and popularity during the pubertal period of child development and the researchers claim that popularity among peers contributed greatly to the prevention of the development of depression in both boys and girls (Teunissen et al. 413). Admittedly, the topic requires quite recent data as people’s development is affected by a variety of new factors each year and the article in question provides current information on the matter as the study was completed in 2010. It is important to note that the present paper is relevant for my research as it provides valuable insights into child development and the development of depression symptoms in adolescents. The article is aimed at a wide audience as it can be helpful for health care professionals and students majoring in psychology. The researchers provide a concise description of their study in quite simple terms, so it can be interesting for parents, too. The relevance of the article is also justified by the article it is published in and the article provides articles on a wide range of issues in the sphere of child psychology. Finally, the article is relevant as it reveals detailed information on the study which involved more than 600 participants and lasted for about a year. The researchers provide data obtained and impartial analysis of data obtained. The layout of the article is concise and all data provided in tables and graphs which makes them easy to understand. The article is free from any political, social, or other influences and the information is provided impartially. Peer Contagion and Adolescent Depression: The Role of Failure Anticipation The article under consideration deals with the correlation between failure anticipation (i.e. “consistent expectations of failing on future tasks”) and the development of depression symptoms in adolescents (Zalk et al. 838). The researchers claim that there is a close connection between failure anticipation and the development of depression symptoms, especially in girls. The article under consideration is current as it was published in 2010, which is important as lots of new factors appear to affect the development of adolescents. The article is relevant for the present rese
Into the Wild is a work of literature about a young man from a wealthy family, hitchhikes to Alaska, where he lives all alone, foraging by hunting and gathering in completely wild conditions. The real story of Chris McCandless, which became famous thanks to the skill of John Krakauer, was initially written in the form of an article in a magazine. Krakauer warns the reader that he cannot remain objective and tell the whole story of Chris dispassionately. In addition, there are significant parallels in their destinies that he could not ignore. Nevertheless, the author allows the reader to conclude who Alex was without imposing his opinion. John Krakauer, in the book, describes the fate of several other people with similar dreams or shifts, but they all had one thing in common, namely the lack of common sense. The author expresses the desire of the main character to know himself, to purify himself and live in the wild, through recommendations not to sit in one place and be active nomads (Krakauer, 2009). In addition to the main character, there are also many secondary characters in work. They meet the main character when he needs them, and they do not receive extraordinary development by the end of the work. Someone was a young romantic, someone was a naive dreamer, and someone was frankly crazy. In conclusion, the characters described by John Krakauer are real, not fictional. The characters have their thoughts, feelings, aspirations, which demonstrates their personalities and characteristics. The main character is in extreme conditions and survives as best he can. His strength of spirit undoubtedly inspires and makes you think about your life. The work is interesting, especially for those who like to travel and spend time one-on-one with wildlife. Reference Krakauer, J. (2009). Into the Wild . Anchor.
It often happens that different professionals discuss the peculiarities of their work to find out which professional sphere involves the greatest number of issues and, therefore, requires specialists to have extended knowledge concerning many different aspects. Continuing on this topic, it is necessary to assume that each profession involves a variety of unique problems. Despite that, when it comes to the most difficult issues, it is important to regard this problem in connection with the field of social work. Social work is the sphere that involves a wide range of ethical dilemmas that may have a significant influence on the outcomes for individuals who seek help. There is no doubt that the mental health of many people is fragile and its condition may change due to the presence of triggers that surround us everywhere. Despite that, it is clear that an individual who has no serious issues related to psychiatric health is likely to be able to cope with a problem without negative consequences. The given paper is devoted to the analysis of the case of Joyner and Arthur in connection to ethical dilemmas and values of social work. The Case of Joyner and Arthur and Ethical Dilemmas For any professional in the field, it is crucial to understand the responsibilities and the nature of social work. According to the guidelines provided by AASW, the responsibilities of social workers include respecting human dignity and human rights, paying special attention to clients’ interests, being culturally competent, and many others (“Code of ethics,” n.d.). These points must be considered about ethical conflicts that could occur in the case of Arthur and Joyner and similar cases. As it is clear from the official report outlining the details of the discussed case, the struggle between former spouses has started many months ago as their life as a couple was very unhappy (“Arthur and Joyner,” 2016). The wife reported cases of inappropriate behavior demonstrated by the father of her children; according to her statements, he used to speak to her grossly and break furniture in a transport of rage in the presence of their joint children. Apart from that, he had problems with drugs in the past, and it acted as an additional reason why the woman wanted to limit the time he could spend with their children. It
Introduction In the clip Roxanne , it is demonstrated how there are many ways to describe feelings and emotions. While some are more direct, others are more elegant metaphors. It all comes down to the style of writing which varies based on context and can have significantly different reactions from its reader. Although this scene exaggerates the concept, it is inherently important to consider style when writing for any purpose, as it can be just as important as the content of the text itself. Style Matters Most people are taught to write sincerely and briefly to ensure a smooth transition of ideas using something known as the C-B-S model. Lanham strongly criticizes this theory, highlighting that sincerity depends mostly on social roles, while the concept of briefness varies on the situation. In practice, writing should be just as much about style as it is about the functional capacity of transferring ideas. However, sincerity can be incorporated in all styles, including professionals. In his memo, Kreifeldt notes that business communication has become unclear, cluttered, and deceptive. In the attempt to please its stakeholders, the writing does not present realities in its true light. Through clear
The Case Asma is a 40-year-old woman who feels depressed and unhappy person, and she is unable to explain why. Since her parents divorced when she was still young, she believes that she made her parents do so as they constantly quarreled because of her. In some instances, the parents told her that she was the problem child in the family because of her behavior. Throughout her childhood, two elder brothers bullied Asma. The brothers did not like Asma and kept on telling her that she was a very stupid girl. When she got married, her husband abused and left her by getting married to another woman. This made Asma divorce her husband 10 years ago. Although Asma feels so down, she has many friends. Usually, on weekends, Asma ensures that she spends ample time with her friends by attending parties and visiting shopping malls. Her friends really like spending their time with Asma because she makes them happy by making fun of them and avoids arguing with them. However, owing to the bad experiences she underwent, Asma has become skeptical because she believes that the world is wild and dangerous. In her confession, Asma notes that she is an aggressive and angry person. At times, Asma feels like screaming without any apparent reason. Moreover, Asma seems to be a hard-working woman who is obsessed with work. Asma is working hard to be rich and attain success in her life. Owin
Introduction Both Stern’s Morning News and Shuster’s Eclipsed raise the theme of dying and man’s inability to avoid death. When reflecting on their characters’ emotions, the authors show what an individual might be experiencing, having realized that his/her days on Earth are numbered. As the stories develop, the reader starts to track how the apathy builds up within the characters and how it then impacts their thoughts and decisions. Although the narrations are written from different perspectives and are steeped in a grim mood, their endings leave plenty of room for optimistic theories to emerge. Once the stories are over, the reader concludes that one should be thankful for every minute spent next to his/her dearest people, and that remaining time must be used to leave more good memories behind. Reflecting on the Theme of the Stories The major theme threading the stories’ plots is the certainty of death and the need to accept its inevitability. Both Stern and Shuster drive a reader to the conclusion that sooner or later one will face the issue of dying in person. An individual may try rejecting the reality or turn angry at the state of affairs, but still, one cannot change the order of things: what is meant to be will be. The only thing a person is capable of doing is accepting fate and using the remaining time to be closer to his/her family, relatives, and friends. While introducing death as the key theme, the authors skillfully use the atmosphere of sadness to touch upon the related topics. One of those is that people prefer not to think of what awaits them until there is no choice or nothing left to be thinking of. Death as such has always been treated as a taboo topic by society, and people unwillingly engage in philosophical discussion of this matter. Through the thoughts of the husband in Morning News Stern demonstrates how emotional state of parting people transfers to their surrounding and what impact it makes (4). A similar effect is traced in Eclipsed : the son is imbued with his father’s feelings and wants something to dispel his worries (Shuster 19). The interpretation of the authors’ message is based on considering cause and effect: should humanity have changed its attitude towards death, no concerns related to dying would ever arise. Facts Making Morning News and Eclipsed Comparable After having read the stories, one can easily draw a parallel between the two, for there are stylistic features that make them have similarities. Aside from being concise, the narrations share the mood, which reflects the feeling of helplessness and total frustration. From the thoughts they express, one can tell that the characters are not ready to embrace the reality as it is. In the meantime, the authors utilize the literary techniques that make both stories unique: not only different perspectives (first- and third-person) are used, but the protagonists’ further actions vary as well. Similarities As was mentioned earlier, the two stories share the theme of death and dying. From the
Introduction From Plato’s allegory of the cave to 21st-century movies, the concept of reality has continued to intrigue people. The world of The Matrix is one of the examples of the precarity of that, which may be called the real world as perceived by the beholder. Tying together the notions of the film with the philosophical issues presented by Rene Descartes permits further analyzing what people understand by existence. The Matrix and the Philosophy of Rene Descartes Distinguishing dreams from life-like circumstances and separating the simulation from the authentic is the core intention of both Descartes’s Meditations on First Philosophy and the 1999 action movie. Descartes raises the conception of mind without physique and vice versa, which is seen in The Matrix when the consciousness operates in virtual reality without affecting the actual body. Furthermore, Descartes raises the question of how could people identify an object, which is not by touch or perception, but through “God’s help” that grants understanding, which parallels with the unplugging from the matrix (Perry et al. 154). Thus, the intertwinement of these ideas comes together to stimulate further thought on the impact of human perception on existence. Conclusion Avoiding subjectivization of the observable object may be a task that is difficult to achieve, influencing our reality to differ from its actual existence. Questioning what we believe to be true through the application of non-variable criteria becomes an essential aspect of searching for the truth. Therefore, skepticism and critical thinking may be outlined as the key ideas that are propagated by both, Descartes and The Matrix . Work Cited Perry, John, et al. Introduction to Philosophy: Classical and Co