ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Why ‘ I live at the P.O’ and ‘ Hills like White Elephants’ are two short stories based on different issues. The following discussion will compare and contrast these two short stories. Summary of Why I live at P.O In this story Stella is the younger sister of Eudora. She was recently married to Mr. Whitaker but they later separated. Eudora complains that prior to her sister’s marriage; she was relating with Mr. Whitaker. However, their relationship did not last for long since Stella revealed to Mr. Whitaker her sisters negative issues, which contributed to the termination of their relationship. After the separation, Stella went back home with a child, Shirley-T, whom she claimed was adopted. One day while they were taking their meal at the table, Eudora commented that Shirley looked like Papa-Daddy, only that she had no beard. The statement annoyed Stella so much that she turned Papa-Daddy against Eudora. Their grandfather got offended and stopped eating. Stella made him believe that he was insulted by her sister because of his beard. He could not understand why Eudora said that he should cut his beard ( Welty, 1941, par. 5). According to Papa-Daddy, he thought that Eudora did not appreciate his efforts to get her a job as a postmistress. From his annoyance, he left to go and sit outside. The argument was caused by Stella who made her grandfather believe that he was offended by Erodora. After sometime, uncle Rondo Arrived and Eudora told him what had happened. He then went outside to talk to Papa-Daddy who was sleeping on a hammock. The two had a conversation; meanwhile Eudora went upstairs to Speak to Stella who was staring through the window. She claimed that uncle Rondo was wearing part of her trousseau out in the broad daylight. Stella and her sister got into a brief argument again as the issue of the child came up again. Eudora left her sister’s room and went downstairs where their mum was. Uncle Rondo was always on Eudora’s side though Stella also influenced his negative attitude towards her sister. Stella told their uncle that her sister had criticized what he was wearing. Everyone in the house was against Eudora and all of them were on Stella’s side ( Welty, 1941, par. 6). It was at this point that Eudora decided to go and live at the Post Office, since everyone opposed her. She went to the extent of accusing that Shirley-T had no manners as she was sticking out the tongue at her in a horrible way. As she left the house, she knew that something had gone wrong between Stella and Mr. Whitaker. She even told her family about what she thought of the two. Uncle Rondo, Stella and Papa Daddy did not oppose the shifting. Papa Daddy even said he would not go to the Post Office where her grandchild was going to stay. For Mama, all she wanted was for Eudora to apologize to her sister although it was in vain. She left her home and got assistance from a ‘girl’ whom she met. Eudora moved into her new home where she liked having everything she wanted like radio and a sewing machine. She was
Problem Nowadays, many companies worldwide and their leaders face one and the same problem that is an increasing scrutiny of current and prospective employees, investors, and customers. It is not enough to have a plan and knowledge in order to become a successful leader. The problem is the necessity to comprehend leadership brand equity and clarify if it is positive it may influence economic performance. Many current leaders have already faced the importance of employer brand. However, not all of them understand that leadership brand has to be of the same or even higher importance. HR workers have access to numerous perspectives, and organizations should apply different options to stay beneficial, competitive, and successful. Unfortunately, leaders do not see how their employees can be developed in terms of their organizations. The article discusses the main problem of modern management that is the misunderstanding or even neglect of leadership brand equity. Hypothesis In the article under analysis, there is no clear hypothesis or statement that has to be proved and discussed. However, after reading the first two pages, it becomes clear that the authors want to answer two simple but crucial to the field of management questions that may be interpreted as two strong hypotheses for research. First, there is a thought that not having a recognizable employer brand can be good enough for an organization. Second, there is an idea that having a positive leadership brand may influence the economic performance of an organization considerably. These two statements help to formulate one certain hypothesis that there is a strong correlation a leadership brand and organizational performance that may be discussed through giving clear definitions, examples, and explanations of the leadership brand and equity. Need for the Study Modern HR participants, leaders, and employees have various ideas to be used to improve their organizational performance, cooperation, and results demonstrated by companies. There is a need for the study introduced in the article because HR leaders may hold a unique position with the help of which they can provide people with clear guides and suggestions on how to build a strong equity. Besides, the article and the study that the authors develop help to identify how crucial the role of an HR leader can be for the company and its employees. It is difficult for many even the most talented and professional leaders to have a positive reputation, and this articl
Being educated is an important issue in the global society of the 21 st century. The majority of people in developed countries begin to learn to read, write and count before they go to school. Later in school, they are told that their grades should be high enough so they could go to college or the university. Studying at the university is considered to be prestigious and admired. People spend enormous amounts of money to provide their children with the best education they can achieve. The role and the importance of education in the modern world is a subject of this essay. In the world of 21 st century, about 67 million children in developing countries have no possibility to attend primary school. The education is not free and considered to be a privilege of people who have enough costs. This refers to a primary education as well. Children begin to work as soon as they begin to understand how to perform the simplest labor functions. They work in fields and factories, look after their younger siblings while their parents are working, they are involved in street and market trade, they deliver things and work as porters, etc. They are involved in everything that can provide their family with money that is mostly spent on a simple food. The parents, not being educated themselves, often take education as something excessive and unnecessary. In other cases, parents want their children to go to school, but they simply lack costs for books, clothes and writing materials. As a result, a high percentage of adults in these countries are illiterate and form the society driven by superstitious, often barbaric traditions, creating a serious background for humanitarian catastrophes, violence, epidemics. Countries with the high level of illiteracy will never succeed in the modern world. On the other hand, developed countries tend to educate as many children as possible. The elementary and secondary education is obligatory and free in the majority of them. The image of educated person is widely popularized. There are many supporting educational programs dealing not only with children and adolescents but also with adult people. Graduating from school is not only admired – it is obligatory in the majority of cases. However, it is not enough for the prospective future. The knowledge and the experience gained in colleges and universities determine the way of life, put the person on the highest social level, provide with the opportunity of getting higher salary, broaden the chances to better, exciting, secure and independent life. The implementation of obligatory and available education on the level of state home policy results in higher life standards expectation and developed society tha
Introduction Various species are faced with the danger of extinction around the world. Conservationists have come up with an approach that deals with the problem of probable extinction and biodiversity loss by coming up with ‘hotspots.’ What is an “endemic species”? Why is “endemism” used as a measure of habitat irreplaceability? Endemic species are those species that are present in a particular ecological site only. Endemism is used as a measure of habitat irreplaceability because endemic species are only found in one place, and as such, the site that they live in cannot be replaced at any cost. Why are vascular plants and vertebrate animals used to assess the degree of endemism of an area? Vascular plants and vertebrate beings are used for the simple reason that there is plenty of information relating to them. For a region to qualify as a Hotspot, what characteristics must it have? To be considered a hotspot, an area must satisfy two parameters: the area must have a minimum of 1,500 species of vascular plants as endemics and must have suffered a minimum of loss of at least 70% of its initial habitat. What percentage of the Earth’s land surface is presently covered by the 25 Hotspots originally identified in 1999? How much of the original habitat has been lost from these regions? As of 1999, the twenty-five hotspots covered a paltry 1.4% of the earth’s surface. This was after losing a whopping 87.7 percent of its original area. What percentage of terrestrial vertebrates and vascular plants are found in the 25 Hotspots? The twenty-five hotspots have around 44 percent of the total plants in the world and 35 percent of the total terrestrial vertebrates. What area is covered by the Wallacea Hotspot? Why is this Hotspot particularly important for birds? Wallacea is also home to which impressive reptile? Wallacea hotspot covers a land area of 338,494 square kilometers. The Wallacea hotspot is significant, especially for birds, as it is the second largest after Tropical Andens in terms of bird endemism. Wallacea is home to the world’s largest lizard, known as the Komodo dragon. What is the threatened primate endemic to Sundaland Hotspot? What are the causes of continued habitat destruction? The orangutan is an endangered species that lives in the Sundaland hotspot. This hotspot has continuously been destroyed through massive growth of industrial forestry and international trade in animals, which targets monkeys among other animals. The Southwest Australia hotspot has two thousand, nine hundred, and forty-eight plant species. The Southwest Australia Hotspot is renowned for its endemic plant diversity. How many endemic plant species are there? How many extinctions have been recorded? The endangered Southern Dibbler and the critically endangered Western Sw
Gender in Science The realities of contemporary living in the West are marked by the continual incorporation of different feminist provisions as an integral part of what can be defined as the Western sociocultural/scientific paradigm. The fact that this is indeed the case can be illustrated regarding the ongoing popularization of the idea that science/rationality is not as gender-neutral as most people tend to assume. There are currently two argumentative dimensions to the claim that science is gendered, which can generally be categorized as “technical” and “discursive”. The first of them is concerned with the empirical observation of the fact that the particulars of one’s gender affiliation have a notable effect on how he or she tends to perceive the surrounding reality, as well as on how the concerned individual indulges in the dialectical (cause-effect) type of reasoning. For example, according to Hrdy, it may be the case that the specifics of women’s “brain-wiring” naturally presupposes that they should be particularly likely to succeed in conducting biological research: “(As compared to men biologists) women biologists may have some special sensibility concerning the creatures that they study, an ability to enter into the lives of their subjects” (148). The “discursive” justification of the idea that the factor of gender affects both the methodological subtleties of particular scientific research and this research’s practical implications has a strongly defined moralistic sounding to it. Its proponents suggest that since there can be no a thoroughly objective scientific theory in existence, it is important to ensure that the scientific endeavor serves the purpose of safeguarding the so-called “constitutive values”, which are best defined as the set of ethical axioms that originate in the currently dominant socio-cultural discourse. In its turn, this makes it possible for science to be “gender-conscious” to an extent – something best exemplified regarding the scientific implications of feminism. As Intemann noted: “Feminists… aim to change theoretical frameworks (in science) that reinforce gender stereotypes or power relations” (1004). It is understood, however, that the gendered outlook on science/rationality cannot be deemed as such that represents an undisputed truth-value. The reason for this is that the advocates of “gendered science” do not take into account the evolutionary predetermined operational specifics of the male and female cognitive apparatuses, as well as the fact
Nonviolent action as a phrase was first explained explicitly by Gandhi. The term is a political technique that has been applied since 494 BC when it was adopted by Plebeians of Rome to seek redress for their grievances. Since then, the technique has been applied in almost every part of the world by different groups of people. One of the most well-known and successful nonviolent mass action occurred in Austria-Hungary in 1850-67as Hungarians campaigned for their independence. The United States of America also achieved their independence through nonviolent action.Gandhi’s nonviolent philosophy supports the use of nonviolent action actions to achieve social as well as political change. Gandhi defined nonviolent action as use of diverse methods which includes various forms of persuasion, education, nonviolent direct action, as well as, mass noncooperation intended to campaign for social change. It also involves the use of various political, social, economic as well as cultural means of intervention to seek social change. Gandhi defined nonviolent passive resistance as a course adopted by the oppressed in the societyto oppose a government or certain legislations by expressing their dissatisfaction with the course of action taken by use of civil disobedience, noncooperation as well as other nonviolent methods such as protests, economic boycotts among others (Lawall and Mack 2). He defined non-cooperation as protest against unwitting as well as unwilling participation in wickedness (Lawall and Mack 2). It involves deliberatepull outfrom the affairs of the government so as to express popular discord, and as result, cause discomfort in the government. He also described civil disobedience as educating people to make them aware of state happenings and therefore be able to join in fighting for just courses while obeying just laws ((Lawall and Mack 2). Gandhi’s philosophy of nonviolent passive resistance has been applied in numerous situations across the globe; however, the question remains as to whether it is still practical in the contemporary society. I believe it is very practical and the most democratic way of expressing dissatisfaction withunjust systems, infringing legislations, economic crimes such as corruption in a system of governance, as well as, conducts of those in the government. In Gandhi’s opinion, democracy in the society can only be achieved through nonviolence (Ganguli 4). His ideal democratic society is where “service to the weakest” is priotised (Ganguli 6). A society should value the welfare of everyone in it and therefore actions which interfere with others in the society should be avoided. Gandhi s
Styles of Love The Hendricks (2002) and John Allan Lee (1974, 1988, 1998; as cited in Crooks & Baur, 2008) approach six styles of love: the first style of love is the ‘romantic’ love that can be characterized by idealization of the partner; the second style presents the ‘game-playing love’ the one without any commitments and plans for future; the third style introduces ‘friendship’ described as love that is a result of friendship; the fourth one is called ‘logical love’ which touches upon family planning issues; the five style emphasizes the ‘possessive, excited love’ that resembles infatuation and the condition of being excited about the love affairs; and the sixth style of love is the ‘selfless love’ aimed at self-denying and self-sacrifice in the name of love of another person (as cited in Rathus, Nevid, & Fichner-Rathus, 2005, p. 220). The first scenario may depict Joanne who is an attractive woman of thirtysomething searching for sexual adventures and Michael who is a college student of twentysomething full of energy and sexual appeal. The relationships that can bind them can be approached with a combination of three different styles of love: romantic love if one of the partners is eager to have some further relationships, game-playing love if infatuation is the only common thing for them, and possessive, excited love which corresponds to sexual relations only and makes both partners happy by satisfying their sexual needs. The second scenario includes a man and a woman both in their 60s; they have met on the wedding of their relatives by marriage and decided to live together; she is a widow, he is a widower too. The love relating them is a combination of friendship (because of strong commitment), logical love as they have common plans for future, and selfless love if their connection became very strong since they have met. These scenarios are different because different styles of love connect these people; the similarities can be found in the connection of two people (maybe different ages require different motives and styles of love). My life saw mostly the game-playing style of love (I am infatuated with attractive representatives of the opposite sex; I do not feel sorry if I see that this person is not interesting for me anymore). Jill and Joe’s Relationships Jill and Joe have been in a relationship for four months. Their time together mostly revolves around sports and enjoying time with friends. They are very much attracted to each other and have had an active sex life from the first month of their relationship. Jill and Joe are ordinary people and their relationships can be complicated as well as the relations of other couples. It is nice if they have some interests in common and their friends do not witness their quarrels or some disagreement. However, their relationships can be improved by means of implementing some communication techniques, suchlike active listening, delivering and receiving criticism, negotiating differences. It is possible that one of the partners is discontented with some aspects of their sexual life, the partner’s appearance, habits, or behavior. Discussing the problems and diffi
Research and facts Introduction Real estate is turning out to be an important area of investment. With the prevailing economic and financial circumstances; many people are increasingly becoming decision-makers rather than implementers. The ever skyrocketing global prices coupled with undefined future uncertainties have made most individuals be more skeptical and suspicious about undertaking long-term investment decisions. Most investors have now shifted their preferences into real estate with the pretext that within a short duration, one is likely to recoup the initial capital outlay. (Lins & Pereira. et al, 2005) The main distinguishing feature of real estate investment is that it appears to be permanent and can therefore provide an assurance of long-term gains despite harsh economic difficulties. The purpose of this paper is to provide knowledge in real estate management, by portraying the requisite procedures in undertaking a purchase decision. Many a time’s most people find themselves in impossible situations whenever such decisions become inevitable. The paper presents critical steps that can be relied upon by anybody including ordinary persons either with relevant experience or without. Based on the research study that was carried out by Anteon Plc on behalf of the group, it was found out that there is a ready real estate market in Lower California. The study provided a detailed report on real estate investment by focusing mainly on Tribute ltd an independent international Real estate agent with multinational branches throughout West and Eastern Europe. (Adair & Norman, 2005) The objective of the study was to find out important factors to be considered when making Real Estate purchase decisions. The study also focused on factors that determine the demand for estate property investment taking into consideration the prevailing global financial and economic crisis. (Lins & Pereira. et al, 2005) Research methodology The study used both quantitative as well as qualitative methods of data collection. In this regard, the study dwelt heavily on primary sources, where interviews and questionnaires were explored. (Adair & Norman, 2005) Interviews Anteon Plc is an independent research organization with accreditation and certification of ISO 1900 and 2000. The company enjoys a good public image in all aspects of professionalism including credibility, transparency, objectivity, independence, and integrity. The main aim of the research was to look into the important factors that should be c