ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Current Practices in Supporting Women with Breast Cancer Treatment guidelines for women with breast cancer include not only diagnostics and therapy but also practices aimed at maintaining patients after diagnosis and treatment. Tompkins et al. (2016) suggest that increasing the number of breast cancer survivors requires monitoring their condition and supporting them through the essential care approaches as a continuation of the clinical practice. Based on this, the final stage of therapy should include comprehensive support for patients with breast cancer as one of the main health care practices within the framework of current treatment guidelines. Therefore, current models of the latter stage of treatment should involve a written plan of care, as well as support from health workers and breast cancer nurses (BCNs) (Tompkins et al., 2016). However, it is necessary to bear in mind that many patients after therapy do not receive sufficient personalized support. The reason for this is the fact that current guidelines require self-management of women, which may be ineffective in cases of overburdened women (Tompkins et al., 2016). This indicates gaps in supporting practices of women after diagnosis or survivors. Thereupon, current research insists on the use of methods to support women after breast cancer treatment, along with other practitioners, and points to the importance of a personalized approach in addition to self-control. It is evident that external help and counseling should be a part of the clinical practice of caring for women with breast cancer. Tompkins et al. (2016) emphasize that self-control is not sufficient in many cases of patient care, which indicates the importance of using new models of external evaluation and assistance. Other researchers, for example, Kirshbaum et al. (2016), also insist on the need for further patient care. For example, planned care, which comprises women’s reassurance and support, admits one to monitor the condition of patients and the possibility of relapses, as well as offering emotional assistance (Kirshbaum et al., 2016). Therefore, the analysis of research allows one to conclude that self-service cannot be the basis of care and subsequent professional approach is relevant for the best practices. Women’s Health Initiative Study on the Controversial Status of External Support for Patients with Breast Cancer Supportive care for women diagnosed with breast cancer, as well as its results, occupy an important place in the study conducted by the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI). The study examines the relationship between social support and overall health and mortality among women with breast cancer based on a coh
Introduction Water pricing and proper policy are thought to be the remedy of the existing unequal distribution of water and scarcity. Further with increased geographical dispersion, there are areas that naturally have scarce water resources while others like Canada have an abundance of it. So one possible option is to distribute water to areas where water is scarce through pipelines or some other means. But this leads to the need to trade water and the question of pricing water arises. Further one of the golden rules of economics is that anything that is scarce demands a price. So due to the regional scarcity of water, it must have a price for its use to become more efficient. Thus pricing will improve the allocation of water as well as improve its quality. But there arises abundant difficulty in the pricing of water as socio-economic considerations have to be kept in mind while setting a price for water (Azevedo and Baltar). For instance, a low-income household may not be able to pay the high price set for water. So the pricing of water becomes a difficult affair. In this paper, I will assume a hypothetical situation where Canada, having abundant water resources, has made plans to export water to countries like the Arab world or Australia where water is scarce. Assuming there exists an international water policy regulatory body I will try to ascertain the best pricing theory applicable to the pricing of water. This essay will discuss various pricing theories that environmental economics has provided and determine the best possible pricing policy for Canada to adopt. The paper is arranged to understand the above objective. First I will ascertain the right way to consider water as is: as an economic good or a social good. Then based on of the understanding of water as good I will try to present the best possible pricing policy for water. Is water an economic or social good? As has been stated in the Dublin Conference, 1992, “Water has an economic value in all its competing uses and should be recognized as an economic good.” (Gleick and Burns 33). Here it must be noted that an economic price has to be set on a good which was earlier not subject to economic rules and was available freely. So it is difficult to ascertain if water today should be considered as a social or economic good. Social goods may be defined as those goods which have extensive spill-over advantage or cost (Gleick and Burns). Under this definition, widespread availability of clean and free water is a social good as it spreads individual as well as social well-being. So to make the social good available efficiently, policy intervention is necessary as a complete free market will not ensure optimal use of the natural resource (Gleick and Burns). But the inability to meet the requirements of clean water has led to the theory of considering water as an economic good. But water is not considered as all other economic goods. This is so because the most prevalent approach to wa
Introduction The research selected for the purpose of critical analysis is one undertaken by researchers at the Nanyang University in Singapore. The study aims to determine the trends and practices as well as the consumer perceptions pertaining to the traditional Chinese (TCM) and the Western Medicines. The different forms of traditional Chinese medicine that are employed in the market pertain to the use of acupuncture, herbal medicines as well as tuina. The study highlights that the traditional Chinese medicine is a natural part of the culture in Singapore where the study took place, however when the Western medicine is also widely available, people tend to opt for the use of the Western medicine as the industry for it is more regulated by the government and more controlled and reliable as opposed to the traditional Chinese medicine. The critique analysis the study from the aspect of the design and administration of the study while highlighting the population and the experimental units that were employed in the study. The procedure of the study has been illustrated and analyzed in terms of what was measured and how it was measures. The aspect of blinding has also been taken into account. The graphical and the numerical analysis conducted in the study are commented upon in terms of its validity, and the extent to which the results of the data analysis can be generalized t the population. Design and Administration The study selected used two types of research methodologies. A qualitative literature review based research was conducted which used previously conducted research on the topic to substantiate why further research is necessary and how the research undertaken can provide significant information. This was the secondary data analysis. The second approach pertained to the collection of primary data from the respondents. For this study a survey was conducted outside traditional Chinese as well as Western medicine providing pharmacies where the customers were interviewed about their perceptions of Chinese and western medicine. A five point scale bi polar scale was employed. The researchers substantiated the study by undertaking it in Singapore which has a well established structure for both traditional Chinese herbal medicine as well as a Western health care system. Population and Experimental Units The entire population that was available for the study were the people who were interested in either the Western or the traditional Chinese form of medicine. No experiment was conducted in the study; however a survey was conducted to gather data form primary research. For this a sample of one hundred and fifty Chinese customers were served usin
The New Deal   * Was initiated by Franklin Delano Roosevelt;   * He was the 32nd president of the United States;   * He governed from 1933 to 1938;   * His administration inherited the devastation of the great Depression;   * The great depression commenced in 1929 with the stock market collapse. Franklin Delano Roosevelt-The New Deal President- Born 30th Jan 1882-Died April 12 1945 Economic Objectives of the New Deal The strengthening of the economy though:   * The empowerment of the American people;   * Dealing with the devastation of the great depression through immediate relief;   * Supporting workers;   * Boosting agriculture;   * Boosting the production of electrical power;   * The generation of jobs for the people;   * Encouraging spending so as to stir up the economy;   * Prevent bank panic;   * Restore stock market confidence;   * Protect American industries from total collapse;   * Uphold the emerging economic authority of the United States. The ills the New Deal Sought to Heal Dorothea Lange’s Migrant mother photograph during the great Depression Joblessness Joblessness Life was Even Worse for the recently Freed Slaves…After long periods in slavery while the rest had freedom, FDR understood why African Americans were poor. They had been denied freedom and not because they were unable. The Poverty was Eye Catching The New Deal President Had to Deal with This too The Strategy Identified To deal with The Economic Concerns of the Time Putting cash in the pockets of Americans (The Equivalent of President Bush and President Obama’s Stimulus Package). Government funding for massive projects in various areas such as electric energy, water and irrigation, and industry in general. Direct support for workers, professionals and farmers. Twelve Major New Deal programs   * Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA);   * Public Works Administration (PWA);   * Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA);   * Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA);   * Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC);   * Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC);   * National Recovery Administration (NRA);   * Works Progress Administration (WPA);   * Rural Electrification Administration (REA);   * National Youth Administration (NYA);   * Wagner Act;   * Social Security Act. Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) Was created as the Emergency Relief Administration in 1932 by President Herbert Hoover. It was given the new name under president R
Philosophy is often called the mother of sciences. Therefore, philosophic studies provide a gripping field for investigation. This paper aims to dwell upon one of the world’s most notable philosophers Socrates and reflect upon his biography and major ideas of his doctrine, including maieutics. Biography It is known that Socrates was born in Athens in 470 B.C. His father was a stonemason, whereas his mother was a doula. His teacher was Anaxagoras from Clazomenae, who was one of the most famous mentors (Colaiaco 15). Socrates did not travel much and hardly ever left Athens. He participated in battles in 432 B.C. and 422 B.C and is stated to have been a brave fighter (Colaiaco 17-18). In 399 B.C. he was accused of disrespect to gods as he believed in one god. Besides, he was charged with the corruption of the young as he taught his philosophy to them (Colaiaco 21). Thirty days after the verdict, he took a cup of water-hemlock in the presence of his students Colaiaco 25). Studies Socrates’ dialogues aimed to search for true knowledge, as well as an important step to the realization of its absence and comprehension of own ignorance. According to a legend, Socrates was called the wisest of the wisest. This might be connected with his statement about the lack of human knowledge: “All that we know is that we know nothing.” Using the method of irony, Socrates put on the mask of a simpleton and asked somebody to teach and explain something to him. There was a serious purpose behind the game. The interlocutor was supposed to discover his/her ignorance (Shoemaker 56). Socrates addressed the issue of the person, the matters of the person’s essence and nature. He stated that it was possible to study the laws of nature and the movement of stars. However, he questioned why it was necessary to go so far. Following Delphian Oracle, Socrates said: “Know thyself” (Voltaire 138). It means that it is necessary to go deeper into the near, and then, through the cognition of simple things it was possible to reach the understanding of sophisticated verities. According to Socrates, the person is initially the soul. In his understanding, “the soul” is the mind, which is the ability to think, and the conscience, which is the moral principle. If the essence of the person is the soul, it means that this is not the body that needs special care but the soul. Therefore, any mentor’s most crucial purpose is to teach the person to nurture the soul. Virtues make the soul perfect. Socrates related virtues to cognition which was considered as a necessary condition to do good actions. Socrates believed that without the understanding of the essence of the good, it was not possible to know how to act for its sake. The virtue and the soul do not contradict each other. The mind is vital to discover the good, the wonderful and the just. (Taylor 78) Apart from that, Socrates revealed the notion of happiness and possibilities of its achievement. The source of happiness is not located in the body or so
Background   * A rapid rise in the number of ethnic and racial minorities has been observed in the U.S. communities lately;   * The number of Asian people in the U.S. is currently twice as large as it was in the 1970s;   * Aging Asian American people constitute 2.3% of the total of Asian American citizens (801,000 according to the 2001 Census);   * Despite the increase in their number, Aging Asian American citizens still have low access to healthcare services;   * Due to the challenging social position in their home state, Asian American refuges have difficulties adjusting to the U.S. setting;   * Hypothesis: due to the lack of English skills and the subsequent drop in the availability of health-related options can be observed. Conceptual Framework   * Andersen’s behavioral model is traditionally seen as the best tool for studying the issue at hand;   * However, it may cause difficulties when conceptualizing key cultural variables linked to the target group;   * Including economic factors into the conceptual framework is useful since the specified factors have proven to be of noticeable influence;   * The concept of cultural capital should also be incorporated into the conceptual framework to characterize the target group;   * The term “group” is believed to reflect the characteristics of the target population best, according to the research. Methods   * Since correlations and causations between key variables had to be located, the quantitative research design was used;   * The chi-square test was deployed as the means of establishing the cause-and-effect relationships between the variables;   * A sample size of 3,011 participants was used to examine the hypothesis;   * Ethnic background (Asian Americans) and age (50-85) were used as the main inclusion criteria for considering the participants for the research;   * The jackknife replication method was used as the sampling tool;   * A survey was utilized to collect key data;   * The independent variables were represented by Anderson’s behavior
The theme of magic always intrigues and fascinates millions of readers, and a circus is probably the first place that comes to mind when a person thinks about magic. Swan (2016) states, there is something in the circus’s nature that “invites fabulist and surreal vision” (p. 311). In her novel The Night Circus , Erin Morgenstern proves how the mystery and reality co-exist, delighting spectators and motivating magicians. Magic may be created in many ways, and the novel shows how to combine successfully such elements as images, time, and colors. The strongest aspect of the novel is to reveal the truth about magic creation. Morgenstern is correct, saying “people see what they wish to see. And in most cases, what they are told that they see” (2011, p. 33). Instead of trying to understand what happens, spectators admire the events on the stage, and magicians perform their tasks. The main rule of magic is to keep secrets that possess power. There is no need to write them down or share not to diminish the level of power (Morgenstern, 2011). However, to make sure magic continues existing is to choose followers and exchange experiences. The Night Circus is rooted in a rivalry of two magicians, Hector Bowen (Prospero the Enchanter) and Alexander (A.H.) These men cannot stop their competition and use Celia and Marco to share their knowledge. The same way Rowling’s Harry, Hermione, and Ron or Okorafor’s Sunny, Chichi, and Orlu develop their skills, Celia and Marco teach from their parents but never neglect their interests and attitudes. The images of magicians vary, introducing frank Tsukiko, isolated A. H., and patient Prospero. To strengthen an understanding of magic in the novel, Morgenstern is determined with such concepts as time and colors. A circus is a place where time is flexible and hard to reach, maintaining the show, as well as challenges. Time is unpredictable, as well as magic, and ordinary people or even magicians can do nothing to manage it. Colors also play a crucial role because their choice helps the author delineate the place from reality. The black-and-white tone defines the circus, while red, gold, and grey colors dilute the setting, reminding the reader about not belonging to the magic environment. Reading The Night Circus is a great opportunity to recognize the worth of such details as images or colors and improve reality by removing unnecessary things.
Introduction Definition A network is defined as an “interconnection of three or more communicating entities”. According to the glossary of telecommuting terms, a computer network is a network of data processing nodes which are interconnected for purposes of data communication’. However, it is not yet clear whether an interconnection between two computers can be constituted as a computer network. Despite this definition, it is still generally accepted that a connection involving a computer or a set of computers to peripheral devices like printers using an Ethernet link or RJ-cables still constitute a computer network. For a computer to be functional it must meet three basic requirements, which are it must provide services, communications and most of all a connection whether wireless or physical. the connection is generally the hardware in use, the communications refer to the way the devices talk whether in an analogue or digital manner while the services refer to the data or the things shared across the network. Typs of networks Local area networks (LAN) A local area network refers to a network that is based on a small geographic area like an office home or building. A local area network does not necessarily require leased lines, it has higher data transfer rates compared to wide area networks as well as a small geographic radius. Wide area networks (WAN) A wide area network in contrast to a local area network has a bigger geographical coverage. It could be town-based like a metropolitan network or it could even cover a whole country or continent. It is the kind of networks used for government ministries use, or it can also be used by special departments in ministries of different countries in a certain trading block. Extranet This is a form of a specialized inter-network mostly used by a single organization, or an organization with its close and trusted affiliates. These kinds of networks may either be on a small or big geographical location. It is highly protected and in most cases, persons with permissions to access the site usually have their own usernames and passwords. Personal area network (PAN) This interconnection of computers and other peripheral devices like printers, scanners and communication devices like faxes and telephone lines is mostly available for the use of one person e.g. the operations manager of a certain firm. It is usually used for interpersonal communication and it could be within a radius of a few meters. Classification of computer networks By use of network layers There are two main models fop0r this is the four layers TCP/IP (transport control protocol/internet protocol) model and the seven-layer OSI (open systems interconnection) model. These are generally basic structural models used in the industry. On a scale basis This classification considers mainly the geographical location coverage of the network e.g., a personal area connection has a sma
In his article, Staples describes how people are afraid of black men and how black men adjust their behaviors to reduce this fear. This article is rhetorically effective because of its skillful use of diction, pathos, and ethos. Staples uses diction to draw a vivid picture of the ominous impression he had on women. He carefully chooses words that make readers feel as if they were present at the scene. For example, such phrases as “menacingly close” and “dark shadowy intersections” convey the fear that people had when encountering the author in the street (Staples 1). Diction is also effectively used when describing the author’s encounters with police officers and other people who, based on his appearance, assumed that he was an offender. Staples also uses pathos to appeal to his audience emotionally. He does it by first describing women’s perception of him as an ominous man and then by revealing his true nature. Depicting women’s experiences, Staples writes, “It was clear that she thought herself the quarry of a mugger, a rapist, or worse” (1). Then, to elicit an emotion of comfort, Staples describes himself as “s a softy who is scarcely able to take a knife to a raw chicken” (1). Finally, Staples uses ethos to show that he acknowledged the opposing point of view: “The danger they perceive is not a hallucination… young black males are drastically overrepresented among the perpetrators” (2). The author also mentions his credentials to establish his trustworthiness and persuade the disagreeing audience. Work Cited Staples, Brent. Black Men and Public Space . Web.