ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The role of women in the church is one of the most controversial issues plaguing Christianity today. The range of positions that Christian thinkers take on this matter range from advocating for the complete isolation of women from leadership roles, to full acceptance of women as capable leaders (Staton 34). This paper examines various facets of egalitarianism and complementarism in regards to the role of women in Christianity. The first issue is to establish the definition of an elder and a deacon. In addition, it is necessary to uncover the qualifications for these offices from the bible. According to the New Testament, deacons are helpers ( The Holy Bible, New International Version , Acts. 6.3-4). Deacons handle specialized duties in ministry such as administration and worship. They may also serve as assistants to pastors and priests (Collins 14). On the other hand, elders are ministers and decision makers in a congregation that work under the main minister. The qualification of a deacon is that one must be full of the Holy Spirit and wisdom (Acts 6.1-12). In addition, a deacon must respectable, and must not be a drunkard (1 Tim. 6.4). On the other hand, the qualifications of an elder are more elaborate. In addition to all the qualifications of deacons, elders must also be married to one wife. Elders must be in charge of their homes and they should not be new converts (1 Tim. 3.1-12). In this sense, the qualifications for elders are more elaborate than the qualifications for deacons. The second issue of interest is whether a woman can be a deacon or an elder. Women can be elders and deacons because both sexes can handle the responsibilities of these offices effectively. Men have no spiritual advantage over women in terms of the qualifications for these positions because there is no distinction between men and women (Gal. 3.28). In fact, Paul sends greetings to a female deacon named Phoebe demonstrating that women deacons existed in the early church (Rom. 16.1-7). Paul teaches that women should not assume authority over men (1 Tim. 2.11). This is not a restriction of service, but a restriction in the way that women become leaders. Paul also restricted the participation of women in church services by stating that they must remain silent in church (1 Cor. 14.34-35). This teaching is context specific, and is not a generalization on the participation of women in ministry. However, it seems that church elders must men. One of the qualifications for an elder is that one must have one wife (1 Tim. 3.1-7). Only men can have wives. In addition, the text refers to men in its entirety. A literal interpretation of this section of scripture shows
Introduction Understanding the complexities of the current global economy is tasking but an exceptionally significant endeavor. The Global Production Networks (GPN) refers to the intertwined roles, operations, and transactions via which a particular good or service is developed, distributed, and used (Posthuma & Nathan 2010). Even though the production networks in the fashion industry are defined as highly global, the state institutional setting of individual fashion firm is a fundamental aspect of the creation of these networks. It assists in shaping the competencies that firms build and the approaches they adapt to remain relevant. This paper seeks to examine the GPN perspective for evaluating the world economy and its influence on global growth. The 21 st century is defined by increased globalization that serves as a focal point in business operations. For a long time, much concern had been based on the supply side of the globalizing markets; current concerns have been moved to the demand and the purchasing function, and the bulging globalization of production networks. This paper selects the fashion industry to show the kind of labor that goes into creating the product or service. This paper will also show how this work is globally distributed and how value is captured at each stage of production distributed along with the network. However, this paper seeks to identify the areas at which specializations interlock to reinforce the value chain. Production chains that focus on creating cultural products are defined by their dependence on customer taste and desire. This section will show that the viability of the fashion industry relies on building an instinctive relationship between commodities and consumers. To amplify the implied value of products, fashion industries employ a range of approaches including packaging, branding, and marketing. Forms of labor in the fashion industry Labor is an intrinsic component of the production procedure and often has a strong influence on locational decisions within and across borders (Posthuma & Nathan 2010). New trends in the structure of the labor sector are emerging due to the high rate of the globalizing economy. Globalization has led to the diffusion of information technology, innovation, and a wider global market. The convergence of these forces has led to significant changes in the workplace and the labor market. The developed countries in the western region have for a long time sought to maintain their dominance in the fashion industry particularly the clothing sector. The newly industrializing countries have heightened competition since their low wage rates favor low capital investment (Lane & Probert 2009). The kind of labor needed in the fashion industry particularly the clothing sector is divided into various steps that include planning and development phase, design and prototyping, production design, manufacturing and assembly of collections, marketing, distribution, and retailing. Developing and planning of the products entails various critical undertakings that require skilled la
Doss, C., & Rajith, B. B. (2012). Computational Refinement of Functional Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with ATM Gene. Plos ONE, 7 (4), 1-11. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0034573 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) refers to a genetic distinction occurring in humans. A unit SNP is a depiction of dissimilarity in one DNA building block (nucleotide). Every DNA contains SNPs in the ratio of 1:300 in every nucleotide contained in the body of humans. Usually, variation occurs between genes making it possible for researchers to identify genes responsible for diseases. SNPs play a fundamental role in researching human health through utilization of genetic differences (Doss & Rajith, 2012). It is evident that SNPs can be useful in determining various responses of drugs to persons, and the presence of certain risks that concern environmental exposure. The study aims at refining and separating SNPs that relate to ATM gene. ATM gene exists due to activation by DNA strands breaks. It is responsible for the presence of various proteins that culminate to DNA damage and apoptosis. The aim of computational refinement was to identify SNPs and the result of substituting amino acids in the ATM gene (Doss & Rajith, 2012). The genetic variations could be useful in determining diverse forms of cancer. The study concentrates on the functional effects of SNPs occurring in the coding area. The SNPs found in this part can transform a lone amino acid present in a protein molecule. The SNPs found in non coding areas are significant in impacting gene splicing plus non coding RNA (4). The study aims at analyzing any deleterious possibilities of SNPs in relation to the ATM gene. This was possible via use of dissimilar computation methods in order to arrive to better results. The study develops knowledge of computational methods of research, hence revealing both functional plus non functional variants occurring in coding and non coding areas (Doss & Rajith, 2012). The article uses SNPs to create an understanding of disease in molecular perspective. This is possible because of the characteristics evident in SNPs in creating, damaging or altering coding sites (Doss & Rajith, 2012). The article uses SNPs in the determination of areas of genes that are vulnerable to disease attack. The use of SNPs in determining phenotypic variations is evident in the article. The non functional SNPs are likely to trigger cellular changes thus leading to undesired disturbances and vulnerability of acquiring cancer. In the attempt to reveal the relationship between genetic mutation and phenotypic distinctions, the article employed SNP screening by utilizing distinct algorithms such as SIFT plus UTRScan (Reiner, Lettre, Nalls, Ganesh,
Background Different writers have different ways of presenting their artistic works. While some artists use a similar trend in the performance of their works, others employ distinct trends. For instance, musicians can adopt a similar style of producing their works through the lyrics, tone or message in their songs. This Literary analysis is structured to analyze how Maya Angelou’s Woman Work, Caged Bird, and Still I Rise and uses a similar theme in conveying their intended message. Like musicians, poets also develop certain styles while composing their poems in tone or message (Chandio et al.36-47). Maya Angelou is no exception to the above characteristics; in most of her works, the prolific writer has a similar theme in most of her poems. Having experienced life under the Civil Rights Movement common in the US in the 1960s, Angelou experienced several incidents that shaped the theme of most of her poems. In her three poems subject to this analysis, Maya Angelou has employed a self-comforting tone to show how perseverance and confidence are key in surviving any environment (Chandio et al.36-47). The three poems have been used to signify the kind of hardship several people were going through in the United States during slavery. In the three poems, the author uses personification such as trees, birds, and dust to convey her message. For instance, in the Caged Bird , the author symbolically uses two birds to show how one Bird is oppressed while the other is free. Caged Bird Caged Bird was printed in Maya’s 1983 poems gathering Shaker, ‘Why Don’t You Sing?’ The sonnet describes the contrasting experiences among two animals: one fowl is clever to stay in the landscape as it gratifies, while a dissimilar caged bird agonizes in custody. Because of its reflective suffering, the detained Bird warbles to manage its situations and prompt its longing for liberty. Using the lengthy metaphor of the dual birds, Angelou tints a serious portrait of coercion. The author lights the honor and right of the unburdened and takes the concurrent experience of sorrow and emotional flexibility. In specific, the poem’s protracted image portrays the involvement of the African American municipal. Analysis Angelou’s selected three poems, Still, I Rise, Caged Bird , and Woman Work, have tried to pass a common message. Oppression, freedom, confidence, self-determination, and self-esteem have played an integral role in shaping the theme of these poems. In the Caged Bird , the author describes how a free bird enjoys flying without any difficulties. The author describes how a
Introduction In spite of being a highly modernized country, Saudi Arabia has some of the most restrictive laws for women. Women’s rights in Saudi Arabia are greatly influenced by the religious beliefs of the country’s population. The country is predominantly Islamic with about 97% of the population practicing this religion. Islam plays a significant role in the Kingdom since Saudi Arabia is the birthplace of Prophet Muhammad and the location of the holiest Muslim sites. Strict Islamic codes of conduct are therefore enforced in the social lives of the Saudis. Over the past decade, there have been attempts to fight for greater rights for the women in the Kingdom. These efforts have yielded some change in practices leading to the development of different perspectives on the human rights issue by different groups. My interest in the topic stems from my concern about women’s rights globally. In my opinion, the rights of women in Saudi Arabia have not improved much over the years. The lives of women are still dictated upon by the male members of the population. While most countries have made significant steps towards improving the rights of women within their borders, Saudi Arabia has largely been accused of making trivial steps. As the world is exposed to more news and information about Saudi Arabia, the women’s rights issue has attracted more attention. It would, therefore, be enlightening to review how to progress in Saudi Arabian women’s rights is regarded by different parties both within and outside the country. This paper will review the a issue of women’s rights in Saudi Arabia from the perspective of four different groups including the modern Saudi women, traditional Saudi women, Government officials, and international women’s rights organizations. Perspectives Modern Saudi Women Young women have been at the forefront of a demand for change and they are unwilling to go on living in the status quo, which suppressed women’s rights. The document by Oates highlights the hardships that women face in Saudi Arabia and the steps they are taking to challenge the status quo. As a professional human rights advocate and expert in issues of women’s human rights, the author is able to present a clear picture of the situation in Saudi Arabia though the article. Oates highlights the activism that young women in Saudi Arabia have undertaken to bring about changes in their country (7). Some increases have been made to women’s rights but the pace of this progress has been very slow with the government offering only minimal reforms. The young generation has viewed this as inadequate and many have started using the internet to call for major changes. The source demonstrates that young women in Saudi Arabia are unwilling to settle for the minimum reforms to their rights. Instead, they want more rights that will lead to more independence for women in the country. In opposition to the religious conservatives, women want to be given the rights that they feel they are entitled to as human beings. To increase the likelihood of this happening, women have engaged in advocacy leading to international attention to the women’s rights issue in Saudi
Introduction Crime from an economic perspective has a wide range of effects on the economy. Most economists have been determining the main causes of the crime such as drug sales, abortion among others. There has been great concern about the effects of crime on the economy. This is because most countries’ GDP is supported by a greater percentage of income from crime and crime-related activities. This is a major concern economically as a country since domestically there would be few people who can afford the cost of goods and services. Crime has great effects on the prices of the commodities being sold in the country; hence this will affect both the suppliers and the consumers which influences the income directly. This paper analyses the economic advantages of crime in a country. In the past we have observed that when the supply of hard drugs like cocaine drops the economy also drops. This is an indication that these drugs are very strongly linked to the economy and when their demand is high so is the economy (Jessop, 2007). Economic reasoning Crime has created a lot of effects on the economy which are both positive and negative. Crime affects the normal forces of supply and demand in the market. With increase in crime, simply implies that the economy will be faced with increased number of unaccounted economic operations. These operations have great influence on the economy. There will be increase in cash in hands of various households hence the money in supply will be increased. This has effects on economy since the product prices will go up. This is because with increase in the money supply in most people, will make them demand more commodities, hence the increase in demand which will affect the price. The scarce resources will be demanded by every individual in the economy who earns income through illegal activities. Handy Dandy Guide (HDG) can be used to explain that crime is the best alternative to some people since it brings in a lot of benefits and its cost is minimal. A person chooses between many alternatives which
Introduction In 1992, the story of Stella Liebeck, who spilled McDonald’s coffee on herself, received burns, and sued the company a year later, became a sensation. The most significant thing about the case concerned the amount of reward — almost three million dollars. Such a situation seemed absurd for most people. The situation became the subject of anecdotes, comedian shows, and everyday jokes. Although many people considered the case as unreasonable, the outcome of the coffee case was fair because of the severe damage to the health of Stella Liebeck. Summary of the case As it is described in the New York Times, the story began in 1992, when a 79-year-old woman, Stella Liebeck, ordered a coffee at a drive-through at McDonald’s in New Mexico. As far as there was no place to put the coffee, the women put it between her knees. Unfortunately, she spilled coffee and received burns. She was delivered to the emergency and doctors reported that sixteen percent of Liebeck’s skin was damaged. Six percent of all injuries were identified as third-degree. A year later, the old woman decided to sue the company for damages. Her primary aim was to make McDonald’s change the standards of serving coffee and receive compensation for at least medicines. The trial decided to award Liebeck, and the amount of compensation comprised almost two hundred thousand dollars. Besides, she received nearly three million dollars in punitive damages. Arguments for the fairness of outcome According to the U.S. laws and legal system, every person should be protected adequately. Thus, the U.S. courts favor the so-called “tort claims”. Thus, every resident who suffered from particular damages has the right to protect his or her individuality by making a claim. The second fact concerns the health condition of the victim. According to Hot Coffee, three-degree burns are regarded as the most dangerous type. They do not heal without medical treatment. The photos of Liebeck’s damaged skin justified the terrible condition of her health. Counterarguments and rebuttal The primary argument against such a decision referred to the fact that most people considered such an outcome to be abnormal. Second, the issues related to the punitive damages arose. Some individuals used lawsuits as the means of the accomplishment of their personal goals. According to the article “Law v Common Case” published in The Economist, “the direct costs of lawsuits are only one of the drawbacks of an over-legalistic society”. The attempts to settle this issue mostly referred to the legal limitations of the punitive damages according to “Tort on stilts” in The Economist. Although there are cases when the right for tort claims gives advantages to people with dishonest purposes, the case with McDonald’s hot coffee does not belong to this group. Several additional factors prove the seriousness and deliberateness of the outcome. First, McDonald’s company served cof
Executive Summary Innovation constitutes an important tool for enhancing competitive advantage for an organisation. Thus, when organisations assess innovation, they acquire the opportunity to make corrective measures to any growth strategies that hinder them from flourishing. This paper proposes diamond model, innovation chain model, innovation funnel model, and corporate ethics as potential plans for analysing novelty at Google China. The analyses and discussions of these models are based on information that is derived from secondary resources. It is assumed that there are no new versions for these models. Therefore, the secondary information introduces challenges of invalidity and unreliability. The paper has the limitation of generalising its recommendations in different nations where Google has established operation. The focus is on Google China. Introduction Over the last 50 years, novelty has been considered an important driving force for economic and organisational growth. Technology and innovation are two hybrid components, which while embraced by manufacturing firms can help drive their productivity. In a business environment that is characterised by intense competition, originality is increasingly being considered a core competency that organisations must develop. Companies that consistently innovate do not rely on chance. They address innovation in a systematic way. Fundamentally, novelty means the intr
Introduction People have seen education and its major goals differently depending on the cultural, economic, and political peculiarities of their societies. Although the major idea behind educating younger generations has been their development and their transition to complete involvement in social life, the aims and methods still differ considerably (Kirylo, 2013). Brighouse (2006) states that liberal democracies have generated a specific view on the role of education in relation to citizenship that implies law-abiding, active political participation, and engagement in public reasoning. In simple terms, the role of educators is to teach children to be true citizens who can contribute to the evolvement of their countries. This viewpoint is beneficial for the evolvement of humanity, and all countries should concentrate on making younger generations responsible and active citizens. This paper includes a brief summary of this aim of education, which is citizenship. Main body The concept of citizenship is complex, and in liberal democracies, it contains several elements. The components described by Brighouse (2006) mentioned above unveil the major controversy related to citizenship. A good citizen concentrates on the public good by abiding by laws and taking an active part in the political life of their country. At the same time, participation in public reasoning presupposes an element of individuality and people’s needs. According to Dewey, education is mainly concerned with personal growth that inevitably results in people’s self-realization within the frames of society (Wadlington, 2013). The thinker emphasized that people learn to acknowledge their potential and be able to fulfill it by making the world better in diverse aspects. The process of making good citizens, as Dewey saw it, was associated with personal growth that translated into people’s desire to contribute and shape society in accordance with certain beliefs and principles. Well-educated people become citizens who can create and maintain a world where all have equal opportunities, rights, and responsibilities. These societies are just and based on such liberal values as equality, empathy, and commitment to continuous growth. The major strength of such views on education in its relation to citizenship is the focus on the development of the public good based on major moral principles. People strive for a just society where people do not suffer from hunger, disease, injustice, poverty, and other vices of the contemporary world. Education provides the instruments to address these issues as people create new medications and new technologies to make this world better. However, this approach also has a significant weakness that can be regarded as the premise for the occurrence of injustice. Clearly, educators can inspire younger generations to adopt their vision, but the modern educational systems do not fully equip learners with exact tools to become responsible citizens. Some researchers express their concerns regarding the methods employed to achieve the mentioned goal. For instance, Kirylo (2013) claims that current educational strategies are mainly confined