ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The use of multiple perspectives allowed the partnership to create a project that was beneficial to all parties: girls, teachers, and researchers. While researchers were able to implement their knowledge and calculate how research could be transformed into lessons, teachers were able to use these materials to engage girls in activities that sparked interest in them. Additionally, the context is also important for such programs, as the participants understood the interaction between central partners (girls, teachers, researchers) and the environments/context (the lack of interest in specific subjects and socioeconomic background) (Cronin, 2014). It is a good example of an innovative collaborative partnership that used an extended school day to increase students’ interest in learning. Such partnerships in the UAE focus on the environment, culture, religion, and the promotion of education. They are frequently faith-based as religion plays an important role in the UAE. Reflecting on the Cases One of the major benefits of the No Idling project is its impact on health. Air pollution is related to a large number of diseases, including, for example, asthma or various inflammations (Guarnieri & Balmes, 2014). Families, teachers, and students together with community residents were able to change the situation. The project’s benefits also include increased awareness of air pollution; teachers can link current problems and issues to school curricula. It also helps students be more independent and understand how the community can be changed through action. It is an example of civic involvement, where civic activities focused on problem-solving in the community, and community partners were able to find support for their projects. Civic engagement is actively supported in the UAE, and community issues are resolved via discussions and volunteering. Group work and memberships are important aspects of community lives in the UAE. Conclusion Schools, teachers, and universities have a similar aim: they raise awareness of issues that students and their families might not see. Developing their awareness can result in “pro-environmental behavior change” later (Winter & Cotton, 2012, p. 783). Students can engage their parents in pro-environmental activities, and parents can introduce other members of the community to these issues, thus impacting the whole community. In the UAE, promoters indicate that both careful messaging and relation to religious views are essential because pro-environmental activities (i.e., “going green”) are seen as a religious duty (Aswad, Al-Saleh, & Taleb, 2013). In my opinion, both religion-based and secular activities are equally effective in addressing various environmental issues.
Literature review WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control The position of the global community in sustaining availability and accessibility of management of tobacco addiction is critical (Wilson, 2002, pp. 14-15). The international community can contribute to the development of the national policy guidelines for the mentioned issue by offering a forum for exchanging and disseminating information, preparing guidelines and appraisals on appropriate activities, raising funds and developing cooperation with academic and research organizations in the location of smoking cessation. Consequently, various organizations, social groups and universities can contribute significantly in tobacco control efforts through sustenance of environmental reforms that favour non smoking as a social standard or through direct approach to smoking cessation. In this respect, the copy of the final draft the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control underscores in the Preamble “the special contribution of nongovernmental organizations and other members of civil society not affiliated with the tobacco industry … to tobacco control efforts nationally and internationally and the vital importance of their participation in national and international tobacco control efforts” (Document A56/8 – Annex – Preamble, paragraph 17). Focusing on smoking cessation and management of tobacco addiction, the copy of the final version of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control identifies the Preamble that “cigarettes and some other products containing tobacco are highly engineered to create and maintain dependence, and that many of the compounds they contain and the smoke they produce are pharmacologically active, toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic, and that tobacco dependence is separately classified as a disorder in major international classifications of diseases”. The draft outlines the arrangement by the WHO to establish and spread appropriate, extensive and incorporated guidelines depended on research findings and best practices, considering national status and priorities, as well as take significant initiatives to support cessation of tobacco consumption and sufficient treatment for tobacco addiction (Document A56/8 – Annex – Article 14(1)). WHO Tobacco Free Initiative An important stage of the task on the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) is scheduled to start after its approval by the WHO Member States. Member States require support to confirm and subsequently implement the treaty of concern. To allow the WHO Tobacco Free Initiative (TFI) to respond to appeals for technical support in regard of legal, policy, scientific and reasonable measures following the implementation of the WHO FCTC, it is presently engaged in creating diverse guidelines for nations. These gui
Introduction The use of euthanasia has attracted heated debates (Baird, 2009). Therefore, the legal system should work hand in hand with healthcare shareholders in distinguishing the limits between the patients’ rights and the physicians’ accountability based on the possible life-limiting treatment choices (Chiarella, 2006). Physicians experience dilemmas when trying to offer suitable care and at the same time value the patients’ autonomy. Euthanasia can be classified into two categories. It should be noted that the classifications of euthanasia rely on the differences between active and passive responses that are initiated about the way through which death is undertaken (Young, 2007). Active euthanasia refers to a situation where a medical doctor purposely procures the patient’s demise. On the other hand, passive euthanasia refers to situations where physicians do not purposely procure the patient’s demise. The article below opposes the use of active euthanasia because of its associated drawbacks. Cons of the practice Religious institutions believe that active voluntary euthanasia should be abolished because the act illustrates that some lives are less valuable compared with others. According to the opponents of the act, life is a gift of nature and no one should terminate it artificially (Deliens & Bernheim, 2003). With the improvement of medical science, medications and management of sickness have advanced at a very fast pace (Lavi, 2003). In the coming years, the treatment for several terminal diseases may be discovered. For that reason, by procuring euthanasia for patients with terminal diseases there are likelihoods that medics are depriving the patients of opportunities to survive when interventions are discovered in the future. Another shortcoming of the act is based on the fact that if the action is fully supported physicians may misuse the practice (Deliens & Bernheim, 2003). Religious leaders believe that the act should not be undertaken because it may be misused in some circumstances. Therefore, with the implementation of the practice disputes concerning ethics would arise (Staunton & Chiarella, 2012). It would be challenging to institute how ethical the practice can be or who should consent to the practice. Likewise, concerns concerning how the practice should be carried out and regulated will arise (Scherer, 2010). Based on the above illustrations, it is apparent that the practice would attract several criticisms. In addition, the practice opposes several religious principles. According to the spiritual groups, God is the only one who can give and terminate life (Deliens & Bernheim, 2003). It should be noted that some denominations are more liberal in the practice. For instance, the Anglicans and the Methodists endorse the practice as long as the legal system and the appropriate procedures are followed. Conclusion In conclusion, it should be noted that the practice has resulted in several heated debates among physicians, scholars, members of the public, legal systems, and religious groups (Deliens & Bernheim, 2003). Owing to this, s
Abstract Linking the right employee with the right job is always a problem that faces most companies. Selecting the appropriate employee for a certain job is not only important to the employer but it also ensures that the employee perform the required duties effectively. The process of selecting the right employee will start from the information given out by the company in the job description and requirements. This essay will therefore focus at a management job position in BP Company. The paper will proceed to give the job description for this position and the requirements for the right candidate. The paper will then make an analysis basing on this information as to whether the company will recruit the right person from the given details. Business and Strategy Manager Job Getting the right employee for a given job has always been a major concern to companies. It is always a desire of every company to get the right employee as much as it is a desire of every employee to link with the right job and this situation is therefore a double coincidence of wants. The consequences of hiring the wrong person for a specific job can be very costly for a company. In such a case, the company will not only need to hire another employee for the same job but its business activities and credibility will be highly affected. In order to find a solution to this problem most if not all companies have gone to the extent of having a human resource manager. His main duties are to ensure that the company gets the required candidates for the required positions and also ensure that the company maintains and develop its workforce through training other human resource development strategies. In order for the managers to hire or recommend the right candidates then they have to do their work perfectly right from the recruitment level. The essential elements at this level are the message passed on to the potential employees, which are in the form of advertising and include the job description and the qualifications for the right candidates. This paper will therefore look at a Business and Strategy Manager position advertised by BP Company. The paper will hence explore the job description for this position and the required qualifications for this position. Job title: Strategy Manager, Location: united States Job description:  1. The strategy manager will be a member of the American commercial team and will be accountable for the strategic performance unit in US. The manager will oversee the implementation of all long term and short term commercial projects through liaising with the appropriate parties who will include logistics, commercial, manufacturing and technology. The business and strategy manager should also foresee the implementation of the company’s business agenda, which is essential in the optimization of BP’s portfolio.  2. The strategic manager is also responsible for the delivery of value as an active partner i
Introduction Rulers have always looked for ways to enhance their authority and prolong their stay in power. To fulfil these desires, leaders have made use of various methods over the centuries. These methods range from winning the support of the ruled through charismatic means to acquiring the allegiance of the subjects using force and threats of punishments. Various philosophers and political theorists have tried to come up with the most effective methods of leading successfully. One of the most influential political treatise every written is The Prince. The Italian political theorist Niccolo Machiavelli wrote this political literature, which articulates his insight on the effective political conduct of a great ruler. This treatise offers some valuable insights on how a ruler can ensure his success in an environment where chance plays a part. This paper will make use of Machiavelli’s work to propose how a leader should sensibly and reasonably respond to an environment where events are determined in part by fortune. Leader’s Response to Fortune Machiavelli agrees that the happenings of the world are controlled by fortune and it would be impossible for humans to have full control of such matters. However, he insists that fortune is only in control of half our actions (Machiavelli n.d., p.65. par.1). Human beings have half the control of events that are governed by fate. They can therefore take steps to ensure that fortune does not overpower them. To respond to an environment where events are determined in part by fortune, the leader must take precautionary actions beforehand. While the leader cannot stop some events from happening in future, he can ensure that he is well prepared to deal with them. Machiavelli states that while it might be impossible to oppose fortune while it is in action; a person can take measures in advance to restrict the manner in which fortune will act. Machiavelli (n.d.) warns that fortune “shows her force where there is no organized strength to resist her” (p.65, par.1). The leader should therefore take protective measures to address any event that fortune may throw his way. The leader should be flexible enough to alter his ways in accordance to the realities of the day. The defining characteristic of fortune is that it keeps changing. According to Machiavelli (n.d.), “the man who adapts his course of action to the nature of the times will succeed (p.66, par.2). The actions of the ruler should therefore be determined by the events taking place at the present. The leader must be willing to change his approach if necessary in order to be in tune with the times. As such, the leader must not place too much emphasis on a certain approach. For example, the leader must not choose to be kind all the time, or cruel all the time. Each of these attributes can be of valuable use in different situations (Machiavelli n.d., p.66, par.2). The successful leader is prudent enough to identify the virtue or vice that is necessary to promote the safety and well-
For millions of people around the globe, television is more than just a source of entertainment; they are a window through which to glimpse the life and culture of people across all nationalities. But as NPR’s Lynn Neary reports, many of the TV programs continue to perpetuate disturbing racial stereotypes (“Racism on Silverscreen,” 2001). It was viewed that because of these trends in the media outlets, institutional racism still exists. Institutional racism, unlike harsher forms of racism such as apartheid and structural racism, does not have racial intentions. It derives itself from a policy drafted by an institution, whether private or public. The enforcement of such policies results in generalized tendencies that have the systematic effect of disadvantaging certain racial or ethnic groups. It is fundamentally caused by ignorance, thoughtlessness, unwitting prejudice, and haphazard lapses in judgment. Due to its fundamental nature of being unconscious and unintentional, institutional racism becomes more compelling to ignore. However, especially at the hands of people who are passionately professional in working for the institution, the pervasiveness of the discriminatory act becomes highly unavoidable. The lack of intentionality becomes, in itself, a rationalization that racism does not take place. However, it is in institutional racism’s “predominantly hidden character … within the occupational culture” (Macpherson of Cluny, 1999) provides a wide stage for unending jousts and disputes and, in essence, allowing its spectators to form the same level of judgment that translates to a wider propagation of the ethnocentric belief. However, contrary to this perspective, there are now a number of TV programs and drama series which now highlight the idea of multiculturalism. The best example is the well-known TV drama series entitled “Ugly Betty.” “Ugly Betty” is a TV series which caters to all families. It is focused on an average-looking lady named Betty, who works in a fashion magazine company. This starts the irony in this TV series. Betty, who has very profound knowledge of the fashion industry and branded clothing and/or items but rarely uses that knowledge on herself, is working in a fashion magazine company that highlights looks more than personality. Also, another irony in this drama series lies in the fact that betty, being part of a Mexican family who migrated (through illegal means) to the US territory, is just on a low-level or rank and file level, but her opinions are highly respected by her bosses and other people around her. It is also worth noting that Betty’s bosses are all whites or Americans. They are high and mighty in the company, but they tend to listen to Betty’s advice. Multiculturalism or the difference in race and ethnicity is highlighted in this TV program because it clearly shows how Americans are different from other races, yet despite the differences, they can still work pretty well with each other. Betty and her family
Introduction The concept of group dynamics has been of great significance in the modern day study of organizational behavior. A group is an important aspect of any organization. Synergy is always achieved through group work (Elloy, 2005, p. 68). In addition, a group working together is able to come up with more diverse and better results to a problem at hand (Ramayah & Koay, 2003, p. 102). The essence of group work can therefore not be over emphasized. It is due to the value that is attached to group work that many organizations commission different groups to perform different tasks. This notwithstanding, the groups do not come not without their fair share of disadvantages. Since a group is composed of various individuals whose inputs are of equal importance and value, challenges always arise whenever a group is incepted to work on whatever assignment (Arnold, et al., 2010, p. 93). These challenges if not handled well may result in the frustration of the subject matter of the formation and subsequently lead to a failure in the pursuit of the set targets. This management report seeks to carry out an expository diagnosis of the problems that are marring the ‘New-Product-Group’ headed by Karen. It will further discuss the possible reasons as to why the group is dysfunctional. Finally a recommendation will be given on the possible way forward to deal with the jinx. All this will be accomplished with reference to the key indicative topics that have been learnt in class namely managing and taking part in meetings, communications, conflict resolution, negotiation, and decision making. Karen Group The group members The group is composed of four members; three gentlemen; Ben, James, and Charles and one lady; Karen. Karen is the head of the group and is charged with the responsibility of coming up with the final report and make a presentation to the management the following day. The different attributes of each member are discussed in the ensuing text. Karen Karen is a female member of the group. She is in charge of the group and is charged with the responsibility of ensuring that the group succeeds in its assignment. She is the one answerable to the management and is expected to make the presentation the following day. She is dealing with a difficult group though as one of the members namely Ben has a superiority complex and feels that he should be the one in charge of the group. Ben Ben is a man who is said to have a chauvinistic regard on women. He claims to have had a four year Navy service experience and this makes him think that he is the best positioned to handle the group leadership role. He openly expresses his disrespect and dishonor to the group leader and thinks that he ought to be in charge of the group. He does not believe in being led by a woman and bears the views that the position of the woman is raising chi
The article under consideration is called A Quirky Way of Innovating and is dedicated to the analysis of the origins of technological introductions. In particular, Gans, the author of the article, reveals the idea that most of innovations are the result of people’s desire to solve their specific problems, but not the united attempt of leading scientists to improve the production process. In this regard, the problem arises concerning the appropriateness of creating scientific communities whose activities are much more ineffective comparing to individual ones. Further in the article, the author discloses the essence of producer-customer relations whose cooperation contributes greatly to the assessing needs and introducing improvements to the production process and design (Gans 2011). However, the fact that novelty ideas come from the user is still not taken for granted. Improving the information flow and intelligence share can generate more innovations and sustain the competitiveness of companies. Due to the fact that ideas coming from customers can be presented in the form of suggestions, the main task of manufacturers is to synthesize those ideas in a worthy contribution to the company’s performance and productivity. In this regard, the author assumes such sort of cooperation creates a new competitive market of ideas and suggestions. While discussing the concept of innovation, the author pays attention to the role of communication whose growing importance is logical in the light of competition and companies’ desire the meet customers’ needs. Taking this perspective into consideration, the firms start launching various campaigns where the primary task of customers is to provide their objective assessment to a particular product and idea. Quirky campaign has been introduced for the similar purposes. In this regard, the author provides explanation for the role of particular technological devices in achieving particular management goals. Impli