ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Financial analysis PepsiCo had the mission of increasing the value for investments done by the shareholders. To achieve the mission they reduced the costs and increased the sales as well as controlled the investment resources. Through the analysis, the company was able to increase the value of the investments through the increased sales in the market, investment of resources that was done wisely and successful management of costs (Helfert, 1996). They therefore need to increase the quality and value of the products by producing safe products to the human health as well as environmental friendly. Objectives PepsiCo’s objective is to increase the value of the shares invested by the stakeholders as well improving the quality of the products supplied in the market. They intend to achieve the objective through the integration of finance, operational and investment activities. They also want to expand the global market to increase the sales and by doing so they have directed their energies in businesses where they expect growth. Their plan for growth therefore has been linked to the issue of exploiting the opportunities and managing the risks associated with the business in the market (Annual Review, 2007). The company intends to support life of the society through the arrangements of supporting social agencies as well as coordinating projects and programs that support life in the community. The range of support varies from supporting the employees with voluntary activities, offering local program sponsorships as well as contributing to programs that support the nation. By doing all these, the company will have achieved the objective of improving the quality of life in the community (PepsiCo sustainability report, 2007). Strategies Revenue, earnings, cash flow and margins To maintain and expand in the global market the company has moved to the production of alternative drinks with low fat content like dips as a technique of minding the health of consumers as well as attracting more customers to enhance growth. The strategy of bottling increased the income revenue in the year 2010 to $735 million though it later decreased 2011. The net income increased.by 2% in 2011 as compared to 2010 and the net income per share increased by 3% (Annual Review, 2007). In the cash flow statement of PepsiCo, the analysis shows that the net cash provided by operating activities increased from $6,796 million in 2009 to $8,448 million in 2010 and later to $8,944 million in 2011. The operating capital realized was $264M in 2009, $763M in 2010 and $844M in 2011 while the net cash used for investing activities was $2,401 in 2009, which increased to $7,668M in 2010 and later decreased to $5,618M in 2011(PepsiCo sustainability report, 2007). Between the years 2009 to 2011, PepsiCo had an increased annual earnings growth that is from $5,979 million in 2009 to $6,338 million in 2010 and later to $6,462 million in 2011 and this shows an average of 8% growth annually for 2009 as compared to the previous years and 12% increase between 2020 and 2011. For the years 2010 and 2011, the
Introduction Attention step: Despite the decisive victory at the Battle of Königgrätz, Prussia offered Austria generous peace terms. Austria did not lose any territories, except Venice. The Seven weeks’ War must be one of the most famous conflicts in the world history; while it cannot be judged on par with the WWI or WWII, it still left an important mark in the development of the world’s greatest states and helped define the world’s further leaders, as well as line up the forces. However, when reconsidering the details of the Seven Weeks’ War, one will possibly notice several peculiar issues about it. One of the most interesting facts is that, in spite of their victory, Prussia and Italy did not claim any of Austrian lands except Venice. Analyzing the Seven Weeks’ War from the perspective of Clausewitz’s paradoxical trinity concept, one can possibly reveal a couple of peculiar issues concerning the Seven Weeks’ War outcomes. Thesis During Seven Weeks’ War between Austria and Prussia, Moltke believed that tactical military victory was conflicting with Bismarck’s strategy and policy objectives. Bismarck considered Austria as a potential ally and there were no need to waste combat power when the object was to neutralize the force of Austria, which followed the principles of Clausewitz’s paradoxical trinity exactly, since it demanded reason in considering Austria as an ally, using the chance to reinforce the power of the state and passion for the well-being of the state. As Parkinson explained, “The conflict arose from Austria’s determination to block Prussia’s governing power in Central Europe.” 1 Bismarck believed that Austria with its powerful army would be a good ally in the further conflicts. Considering Moltke’s point of view, one must mention that the latter opposed to Bismarck’s decision. Prussia had to make the influence of Austria less significant for the sake of unification of Germany under Prussia Apart from being an obstacle on Prussia’s way to entering Europe, Austria also hindered the unification process that was going on in Prussia under the guidance of Bismarck. Incorporating the elements of the paradoxical trinity, Bismarck paid a special attention to the moods within Prussia. Noting that the Achilles’ heel of Prussia was the dispersedness of its lands, Bismarck conducted the policy of unification. However, Austria was standing in the way a completing the process: “The task of unification was not yet complete, however. Venetia in the north was still held by Austria” 2 . Hence, Austria had to be subdued to Prussia. Bismarck planned and prepared the war with Austria for 3 years; however, destroying Austria was not his intent. Prussia had amicable diplomatic relation with Russia by supporting Russia on Polish-Russia War in 1863 Unlike one might have expected, the war with Austria has ac
Organizational development (OD) can be defined as the process comprised of wide- range efforts an organization uses to remain afloat in the changing business environment. These efforts are exerted by the management of the organization to improve on the feasibility and effectiveness of the organization in the constantly mutating business environment. Being a group that works towards achieving a common set of goals or goals for that matter, the organization should be able to effectively use human and social processes to function and remain relevant over a sustained period of time. Thus, organizational development takes a long-range perspective with processes that are flexible enough to be renewed and reviewed by the management of the organization (Cummings & Worley, 2009). However, it is important to note at this point that efforts to be exerted will only be effective if applied to all sectors of the organization, starting from the business environment to the employees and the management itself. The modern environment, especially the business environment, is comprised of revolutionary changes that mutated now and again. Thus, the organization must be ready to adapt to changes arising from new technology, new cultures, and customer tastes and preferences. The changes may also arise from competition, demographical changes in the physical business environment, including workplace, customer demands, and government policies and legislations. All these changes will affect the profit margins and hence viability and sustainability of the organization. When not tackled effectively, these changes may also affect the efficiency and effectiveness of the organization at large (Sullivan, 2009). This paper goes beyond just the definition of organizational development; it goes beyond this and outlines some of the sources of changes in the business environment. Moreover, it aims at outlining how organizational development can be used to benefit a business using a case study. This is made possible when the case study business is analyzed using the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis. In doing so, this paper will identify those elements that can either help the organization to grow, to be susceptible to failure or those that will affect it negatively. Moreover, the developmental organization will only help the business if those elements that can spur the growth and development in the future are identified. Hence, with this information, this paper then recommends various business strategies that can help propel the business understudy to greater heights. Skoda, in its bid to wade through the mutating business environment, conducted a SWOT analysis. This analysis was carried out in line with the small car company’s goal of establishing a brand positionin
The success of UC Denver in encouraging the growth of clubs that offer experience to students should not be measured by the mere presence of such clubs; rather, it should be measured by how many students are aware of the same clubs, and are willing to participate in the activities therein. Clubs are some of the main platforms that UC Denver can use to provide support to domestic and international students. (De Sousa 3) identifies clubs as avenues through which a university can provide the personal and social support needed by all students, but most especially, by first-year students. To enhance student’s participation in such clubs however, the university will need create awareness about their benefits among students. But how can UC Denver popularize the clubs to students? Well, one of the viable ways is by marketing the clubs through LinkedIn and Facebook pages, and the university newsletter. Prior and after joining UC Denver, most students visit the abovementioned social networking sites. As such, marketing the clubs on such platforms would no doubt create the necessary awareness in the student population. In a research done by (Barnes and Lescault n.pag.), it was discovered that the average university student has a Facebook profile, a LinkedIn account, and a Twitter account. In the research, (Barnes and Lescault n.pag.) found out that Facebook has the highest usage rates by students across American universities. Based on such results, UC Denver needs to consider Facebook marketing platform that should be priorit
Erin Hunter wrote a series of novels entitled The Power of Three. The sixth in this series is the novel, Sunrise. The work analyzes two important issues. First, it aims to find the murderer of the cat, Ashfur. In this sense, the work belongs to the novel crime genre. Second, it aims to inform the readers concerning the actual parents of the characters – Jayfeather, Hollyleaf, and Lionblaze. In the end, there is the death of the cat, Hollyleaf. The characters can achieve their objectives. The novel also shows the relationship between star and wind clans. The novel begins with the story of the murder of Ashfur. A ritual is performed to send Ashfur to the star clan. Jayfeather, Hollyleaf, and Lionblaze act as investigators of the murder. They find important evidence regarding the murder of Ashfur. They discover fur in Ashfur’s claw. This discovery is a vital clue to solve the mystery of Ashfur’s murder. Initially, investigators suspect wind clan for the murder of the cat. Investigations reveal that the wind clan was not responsible for this murder. The three characters also suspect Sol for this murder. They could not find evidence to show the involvement of Sol in this act. In this situation, three cats strive to find the real murderer of Ashfur. The story that narrates investigation of the murder of Ashfur is related to the story of Jayfeather. He can find that Leafpool was his mother. He is curious to find his true father. In the meantime, it is revealed that Leafpool was also the mother of another cat, Hollyleaf. Interestingly, Hollyleaf had murdered Ashfur. The fur found in the claw of Ashfur belonged to Hollyleaf. In this way, the novel solves the mystery regarding the murder of Ashfur. In the subsequent phases, the novel attempts to find parents of characters such as Jayfeather and Hollyleaf. Jayfeather is frustrated because he is not able to find information regarding his true father. Star clan has failed to provide this information to Jayfeather. He is informed regarding his father through a dream. At the end of the dream, Jayfeather sees the feather of a crow. This dream implies that the father of Jayfeather was Crowfeather. There is another twist to the novel. Crowfeather refuses to accept that he was the father of Jayfeather. He says that he did not maintain any relationship with Leafpool. In the meantime, Hollyleaf finds that Leafpool is her mother. Jayfeather and Lionblaze are not happy with Hollyleaf. There is an accident, which leads to the death of Hollyleaf. In the meantime, Jayfeather and Lionblaze expect to obtain another warrior. The novel is significant because it narrates the story of three cats. They can find the murderer of Ashfur. The author reveals an interesting relationship between various cat clans. The cats are also able to find their true parents. They find that Leafpool was their mother. They attempt to locate their father. Crowfeather has refused to accept that he was the father of Jayfeather and Lionblaze. At the same time, Hollyleaf dies due to an accident. A significant merit of this work is that it has revealed the murderer of Ashfur. A demerit of this work is that it comprises large numbers of ch
Summary of the Overall Objective of the Study Dishonesty in the food sector is a rampant global problem. The most controversial case of food fraud was the European ‘horsemeat scandal’ that took place in 2013 (FSAI 2013). The dishonest addition of extra meat products to food without acknowledging their presence has some negative implications for consumers, including financial, ethical, and religious consequences. For instance, the unscrupulous blending of food items with horse meat or pork may contravene the religious beliefs of individuals who are against the consumption of such meats. Consumers are aware of such possibilities, which necessitate the availability of reliable means of checking food for fraudulent blending with undeclared meat products. The commonly used techniques such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) have known shortcomings such as reduced sensitivity or specificity during the analysis of processed food items. Therefore, the main purpose of the study was to create an optimized technique for the identification of contaminated pork and horse in various food items using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) recognition of species-specific tryptic marker peptides (Von Bargen, Brockmeyer & Humpf 2014). The Rationale for the Use of Proteomic Techniques Currently, species certification uses ELISA and PCR techniques. ELISA may serve as a qualitative or quantitative method during food production. This method can also be applied to processed samples and has been reported to have a limit of detection of 0.5% (Von Bargen, Brockmeyer & Humpf 2014). However, the specificity of ELISA in samples that have undergone extensive processing is questionable, which leads to false positive or false negative upshots. Moreover, multiplexing, which is the simultaneous identification and measurement of more than one species in a single experiment, cannot be done effectively using ELISA. PCR is an alternative method for regular meat speciation in laboratories. Contemporary reports involving PCR indicate that the method has exceptional sensitivity in processed foods (Ali et al. 2015; Hou et al. 2015; Karabasanavar et al. 2
Introduction Companies today are facing serious challenges due to a more complex and global economy that is constantly facing rapid changes. This in effect has rendered the traditional techniques of performing organizational activities to be useless. In an effort to remain relevant and competitive in today’s global economy, companies are now incorporating work groups to increase employee participation and productivity within an organization. These groups referred to as self directed teams (SDTs) are useful to an organization that wants to remain competitive in the market. They are also useful in the event the organization wants to incorporate a team based structure or where the activities and operations of the organization have become to complex for one employee to perform resulting in the involvement of more employees to perform the activities. Literature review on Self Directed Teams To gain a proper understanding of the concept behind self directed teams, an analysis of available theories and literature will be reviewed in the following section as well as defining what is meant by a self directed team. According to McShane et al. (2010), a self directed work team is defined as a small group of employees within an organization who combine their different work skills and knowledge so as to achieve a common goal or purpose. The group usually contains five to twenty people who are assigned tasks according to what their capabilities are. Empowerment plays a big role in creating and implementing these work teams because the employees have the power to control their work and work environment while at the same time striving for self-sufficiency. According to Recardo (1996), the main idea behind the creation of self directed teams is that they are meant to be autonomous from departments, business units or sections of authority within an organization. Employees within these groups are given the power to take charge and make decisions that will affect the outcome of their work. They are in effect managing themselves and directing the operations or tasks that have been assigned to the team. McShane et al (2010) note that such autonomy allows the employees to work without any interference from managers or employees in positions of authority while at the same time improving their interdependence and self-reliance skills. Polland (2000) in his article highlights the autonomy of self directed teams which is based on the fact that every member participates in the decision making process preventing an incidence of discrimination. These groups also allow the allocation of roles to employees who are considered to be of a minority group such as female employees and foreigners. Types of Self Directed Teams The roles of the work teams vary within a given organization but they are mainly charged with t
Responsibilities of the Continuing Airworthiness Manager and the Staff Continuing airworthiness managers ensure that they carry out pre-flight inspections on aircraft. Pre-flight inspections are achieved through the drafting of appropriate airworthiness management exposition; to be used by the CAMO staff. In particular, the continuing Airworthiness exposition guidelines will help CAMO staff in carrying out maintenance activities on aircraft before they go airborne (Australian Transport Safety Bureau, 2002: 23). Continuing airworthiness manager and staff also ensure that they rectify any defect and damage affecting the normal operation of aircraft. However, while performing this role, they must take into account the requirements of the configuration deviation list which normally specify maintenance requirements for aircraft. The arrangements contained in the airworthiness management exposition should be coordinated to ensure that maintenance activities lead to airworthiness. The manager and the staff will be more concerned with the fulfillment of operator and aircraft registration holder requirements. Failure to adhere to the requirements can lead to accidents. The preparation of monthly reliability reports that assess the technical reliability of the aircraft fleet is also undertaken by the CAMO staff members. In particular, the maintenance planning staff ensures that they perform A Checks and C Checks of aircraft. The quality assurance team ensures that they oversee the work being done by the maintenance planning staff. The work of the maintenance planning team and maintenance control staff should meet the set guidelines contained in the Maintenance Control Manual (Australian Transport Safety Bureau, 2002: 25). The continuing airworthiness management exposition must ensure that there is clarity on who is responsible for certain tasks. In particular, the exposition must state the organization’s commitment to providing continuing airworthiness. In addition, the exposition must clearly state the names of staff members in charge of various maintenance duties (Dalamagkidis, Valavanis, and Piegl, 2011: 72). Airworthiness maintenance is not complete without coordination of scheduled maintenance. Managers ensure that they coordinate scheduled maintenance activities. The activities ensure that there is the appliance of airworthiness commands to the replacement of aircraft parts that are limited, and performance of component inspections to ensure that maintenance work is carried out properly (Dalamagkidis, Valavanis, and Piegl, 2011: 72). Consequently, the continuing airworthiness manager ensures that he or she becomes responsible for ensuring that the CAMO organization works according to the set outlaws in the CASR. In particular, the organization manager must ensure that there is compliance with the aircraft maintenance program as outline in the CASR laws of practice. Other roles that must be conducted by the manager and the staff include the a
This paper outlines various expressive therapies used in trauma treatment, namely: psychodrama, dance and movement therapy, art therapy, and music therapy. In reviewing these trauma treatment methods, the paper explores possible connections, usefulness, and relevance of the articles provided to the field of study. Expressive therapies refer to those therapies that introduce action into psychotherapy and the therapy is limited to only a specific mode of expression. Practitioners of expressive therapies know too well that different people have different styles, for instance it may either be tactile or visual. The different styles of expressive capabilities among different individuals therefore call for the need of therapists who are capable of including different expressive capabilities in their clients (Clark, 2010). This may enable a given client to communicate authentically and effectively. The practice of expressive therapy has been adopted in various fields such as counseling, social work, medicine, psychology, and psychiatry. Various activities such as creative movement, drawing, drumming, and play, allow various categories of people to express their thoughts and feelings not only through verbal means, but also through some unique intervention. Indeed, among the various possible traumatic treatments, expressive therapies have been found to be the most effective as they help individuals to communicate some relevant