ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Our city of Genericville is in a dilemma that is similar to the one faced yearly by numerous other communities. How does the city council strike a common ground between the problem of mosquitoes and its related ailments such as West Nile Virus with the impending health and environment effects due to the use of the Insecticide spray, Malathion? This paper presents the evaluation of the risk in using Malathion based on four-step risk assessment criteria to support my decision against its use in the city of Genericville. The first step is hazard identification. This appertains to the evaluation of the potential health risks that may result due to contact with Malathion. Spraying the area with this pesticide may yield to some undesirable health problems. More research ought to be devoted on the appropriate options of dealing with the problem of mosquitoes, which can transmit the deadly West Nile Virus (WNV). Are the hospitals in this city prepared enough to deliver treatment to individuals facing health problems due to spraying of Malathion if the council were to adopt the application of this pesticide throughout the city? Even though Malathion is toxic, a regular hospital is capable of treating its effects. According to The Agency of Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (2009, para.5), it states that “exposure to very high levels of Malathion for a short period in air, water, or food may cause difficulty in breathing, chest tightness, vomiting, cramps, diarrhea, blurred vision, sweating, headaches, dizziness, loss of consciousness, and even death.” The second step is dose response. This appertains to the level of exposure of Malathion in association to its adverse health effects. At low concentrations, Malathion may cause side effects such as “sweating, weakness, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting” (Agency of Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2009). At high concentrations, it yields to “coma, anxiety, abdominal cramps, and convulsions.” The extent of manifestations of the symptoms depends on the level of exposure to the pesticide. Efforts should be made in controlling these side effects regardless of whether the extent of exposure to these doses is in small or high amounts. The third step in risk assessment of Malathion pesticide is exposure. This involves the quantity, frequency, and the period of exposure to this deadly pesticide. The extent of contact with Malathion in food and the atmosphere varies in the U.S depending on diverse modes of its application. Some states apply this pesticide to treat its residents while others apply it to guard
The article written by Jennifer Curry and Laura Choate (2010) is aimed at discussing the oversexualization of adolescent girls. In particular, these authors argue that continuous exposure to sexualized images or stereotypes can harm the development of these girls. For example, they can assess themselves only in term of their attractiveness, beauty or ability to appeal to males (Curry & Choate, 2010). Moreover, their academic performance and career of these students can be adversely affected because they can attach more importance to their sexuality, rather than learning, professional development, or intelligence. In turn, the task of school administrators and teachers should help girls identify the media messages that can harm their development. For example, educators should refute the negative stereotypes that media can reinforce. Special attention should be paid the self-objectification of girls. Overall, this article raises the questions that are relevant to teachers and educators. To some extent, this article is related to such topics as social psychology and child development. It seems that Jennifer Curry and Laura Choate are relevant to researchers, who are interested in the socialization of individual and the formation of his or her values. For example, it is possible to examine such an issue as the formation of sexual stereotypes. One should take into account that the development of a child depends upon his/her perception of gender (Olfman, 2009). Therefore, one can conduct a research investigating how adolescents understand their gender roles and the goals that they want to attain. This question is interesting not only from theoretical perspective. It is important for educators and parents who are responsible for the upbringing of teenagers whose values and principles can be influenced by sexual stereotypes. This is why this issue is worth examining. Additionally, social psychologists can design studies that should examine the influence of particular media messages of people’s understanding of sex, sexuality and gender (Olfman, 2009). For instance, researchers can look at the impact of music videos on the behavior of boys and girls. This research can tell how mass media act as an agent of socialization. Furthermore, scholars can look at the media messages, and their representation of genders, and the values that they advocate. In this way, psychologists can better understand how sexual stereotypes are constructed. This is why this question should not be overlooked. Therefore, socialization and child development are affected not only by parents, teachers or friends. Researchers should pay more attention to the role of different media as an agent that shapes people’s perception of the world. The sexual identity of children and adolescents is one of the issues that are closely examined by psychologists. Suggested studies can throw light on ways in which the personality of an individual is formed through media messages. On the whole, one can argue that the article written by Jennifer Curry and Laura Choate can give rise to further research that is closely related to social psychology and child development. The oversexualizat
Work breakdown structure, critical path and costed time strategy The chart below illustrates the project’s work breakdown structure. This goal has been achieved by identifying the task, the duration, and the resource requirement in order to execute the task effectively and within the set time. Chart 1: WBS Task name                                        Duration [days]  Start time       Finish time       Resource          Analysing the green fashion market in Australia  12               4 th Oct. 2013   1 5 th Oct.2013   Marketing manager Selection of store location                      12               4 th Oct. 2013   1 5 th Oct. 2013  Entrepreneur      Developing the project business plan             15               4 th Oct. 2013   19 th Oct. 2013   Entrepreneur      Compliance with legal and environmental          3                17 th Oct. 2013  19 th Oct. 2013   Entrepreneur      Seeking sponsorship from charity organisations   18               4 th Oct. 2013   19 th Oct. 2013   Entrepreneur      Furnishing and decorating the store              15               17 th Oct. 2013  31 st Oct. 2013   Project team      Attracting consigner                             12               20 th Oct. 2013  15 th Nov. 2013   Entrepreneur      Finalising the shops self-owned system           26               15 th Nov. 2013  26 th Nov. 2013   Project team       Implementing the green fashion concept will play a critical role in minimising the rate of environmental pollution. In a bid to establish the Green Fashion Store, effective time management is essential. Approximately, the store will take 70 days to be completed. It is projected that this duration is sufficient to complete the project. However, taking 70 days will lead to increase in the resource requirements, which are scarce. Thus, effective time scheduling is paramount. The project manager will reduce the project duration with 20%, which means that the project will take 56 days to be implemented. Crashing strategy will be used in order to arrive at the critical path as illustrated by chart 2 below. By crashing the time, the Green Fashion Store will be completed within 56 days and the likelihood of the entrepreneur conforming to the time constraint will increase. The areas shaded in black illustrate the critical path that will result in optimal resource utilisation. Chart 2: the critical path The Project Manager estimates that the project will require $19,200 in order to be successfully implemented. Budget and resource allocation In establishing the new business, the entrepreneur is focused towards ensuring that resources are effectively utilised. In this project, the resource that the Project Manager is mostly focused on relates to time. The green fashion project is time constrained. The Project Manager intends to complete the green fashion project in 56 days. Thus, the entrepreneur will ensure that time is effectively utilised. Levelling resource allocation technique will be used. This will aid in effective utilisatio
The analysis of Chipotle’s annual report and its current position in the market outlines the existence of several opportunities for market growth. First of all, from SPACE analysis and the investigation of the market, it is possible to emphasize the high level of rivalry and intense competition (Chipotle, 2019). For this reason, the first recommended strategy is the continuous upgrade concerning brand reputation, location, service, and quality (Rothaermel, 2016). It means that Chipotle can generate a competitive advantage by appealing to its apparent strengths, such as tasty and high-quality food, and empowering its position in the market. It will also fit with the current position that remains conservative, and, at the same time, will contribute to the further development and growth of the brand. Another possible strategy is international expansion. The report shows that at the moment, Chipotle has 2,452 restaurants in the USA and few locations in other regions of the world (Chipotle, 2019). Accepting the existing growth potential of the brand and ease of entry to the new market, further expansion should be viewed as a beneficial option (Kotler & Keller, 2015). It will provide the brand with new clients and guarantee a stable income in revenue (Stevenson, 2017). Moreover, the current financial position of the firm means that it has resources needed to support the development of overseas business. For this reason, the given strategy can help to acquire additional competitive advantage and move forward. Altogether, the current state of Chipotle offers several strategies for its possible rise. The brand can benefit from the upgrade impacted by the competitive environment peculiar to the sphere and fr
Summary and literature review Significant advances in dental technologies provoke researchers and practitioners to speak about no need for removable denture prostheses in the future. However, the clinical evidence shows that there is still a great need for complete dentures made of strong materials. Patients prefer complete dentures either due to financial constriction or due to fears associated with the surgical placement of dental implants. Moreover, principles of placing the removable denture prosthesis are similar to the principles of implant-supported or implant-retained restoration. The research indicates a growing need for such prostheses because of the increased number of the elderly population globally, and the composition of dentures needs to be discussed in detail (4, 10). In spite of advances in technologies, clinicians still encounter the same complications associated with this type of prosthesis. Patients can still experience teeth fracture, teeth deboned from the denture base, and fracture of the denture base itself. The previous research by Darbar, Huggett, and Harrison showed that 33% of denture repairs were direct results of debonding (1). Moreover, 29% of repairs were discussed as caused by midline fractures, and they were commonly seen in upper complete dentures. The remaining 38% were associated with other types of fractures (1). Goodacre and the group of researchers noted that this complication can also be encountered with complete or partial dentures and implant-retained/supported prostheses (2). Although researchers and clinicians attempt to improve the denture teeth and their chemical composition as well as the physical properties of the bond between denture teeth and the resin base, clinicians still face these challenges. There have been many denture teeth developed during recent years. These dentures can be divided into four categories: conventional acrylic resin teeth (minimally cross-linked PMMA), highly cross-linked acrylic resin teeth, composite resin teeth (UDMA ), and porcelain teeth (3). Many studies reported the increased wear resistance of highly cross-linked acrylic resin teeth and composite resin teeth while comparing them with conventional acrylic resin teeth (4, 5). When it comes to the bonding of different denture teeth to acrylic resin bases, BlueLine DCL and Phonares II NHC were examined to have the higher μTBS than Portrait IPN to Ivocap Plus acrylic, while BlueLine DCL and Phonares II NHC denture teeth had the higher μTBS to the Luctione 199 acrylic resin (6). Five types of acrylic resin denture bases are determined. Type 1 is associated with the heat-curing polymer, type 2 with the self-curing polymer, type 3 with thermoplastic materials, type 4 with light-curing materials, and type 5 with materials for microwave polymerization. This classification is accordin
For an advanced practice nurse (APN), being able to observe the specifics of nurse-patient relationships and identify the problems in meeting patients’ needs is vital. In turn, research-based evidence (RBE) introduces a nurse to a framework for structuring the complex world of interactions within the clinical setting and helps to understand the intricate impact of a combination of factors on a patient’s well-being. As a result, RBE helps broaden the scope of a nurse’s perspective and introduces the tools that will guide an APN toward a more patient-centered and original approach guided by the need to meet the patient’s particular needs. Thus, the use of RBE serves as a bridge between evidence-based practice (EBP) and the academic analysis of the results obtained with the help of observations made during EBP. RBE helps to link the theoretical premises on which the further search for treatment options and therapy opportunities will be based to case-specific details (Ding et al., 2017). As a result, a strategy that meets the patient’s needs while also being grounded in the generic model supported by research is developed. Moreover, the RBE technique can assist an APN in accepting the role of an educator in the clinical context to promote knowledge among nurses. Thus, the actions taken by the nursing staff will become more coordinated and joined by a single academic premise (Yurumezoglu & Isbir, 2020). Finally, the RBE framework invites a nurse to introduce a structured approach to managing patients’ needs (Nandaprakash et al., 2019). Namely, the inclusion of the recommendations provided as a result of academic research will help to follow the tested paradigm, thus, increasing the chances for successful treatment and positive patient outcomes.
In an academic world setting, several researchers and teachers have been searching for the best methods of teaching, which is certainly quite a complicated task as it involves choosing the appropriate way of teaching that corresponds to the certain age group or the each individual particularly. According to Daniel D. Pratt there are five main perspectives on teaching which are used as a tool for professional development, a means for institutional change and a research instrument with new and experienced teachers (Pratt, Collins and Selinger). Daniel D. Pratt considers perspectives on teaching to be “a lens through which we view teaching and learning” (3). The perspectives on teaching may vary depending on the subject, the types of assignments, the age of your learners, and the aims of education. According to my opinion, the main goal of education is to teach learners to think, reason, analyze and make conclusions themselves. Learners should be provided with a set of skills to deepen their understanding about the subject matter, yet at the same time enable them to develop their own viewpoint of a particular issue (Fox, 29). Experienced learners should be good selectors of information. They should realize what they need to learn. Moreover, helping people unlearn is one of the most important goal for teaching – as painful as the process can be for many people. If learners want to improve their skills and acquire more knowledge, they should always be open-minded, always ready to change/adapt their mind, thus rejecting their previous knowledge and beliefs. There are a lot of methods to achieve these aims. Every teacher has his/her own means of achieving these results. The main perspectives on teaching include a Transmission Perspective, a Developmental Perspective, an Apprenticeship Perspective, a Nurturing Perspective and a Social Reform. All these perspectives on teaching are important for achieving the best results in teaching. The degree of importance of each of them depends on the age of your learners. Educating adults is extremely a difficult task, therefore designing and implementing a course content suited for adult learners should be conducted carefully. The Apprentice Perspective and the Developmental Perspective are very essential for teaching adults. As far as, the adults have more experience than adolescents/teenagers and they are more motivated. I use these two basic perspectives for teaching adults. I always take into consideration their previous experience. The main complication for me is that all these students have different experiences and I look for a special approach to everyone. Students should be prepared to enlarge their previous experiences painlessly. In order to know the students’ experience, I prepare not only lectures but debatable di
Introduction Most journalism organizations are aware of the great contributions of strategic communication with customers and/or stakeholders. Terry Mohan states that the main aim for a professional means of communication is usually to facilitate the communication of ideas and concepts between the management and the employees in any organization in the journalism industry (Terry, 2008). In this case, we find that communication is an important tool in any business environment and it actually calls for a very effective and efficient means of communication, because when communication is rightly used in a journalistic organization then the chances of being successful in the arena is high since the employees are motivated and thus they improve their performance. Therefore terry tries to inform the managers that to have professional communication in an organization they will therefore be required to have some skills in communication and also they should come up with an organized and planned communication channel that is easy and simple to be understood and used by the organization as a whole (Leidner, 2009). Purposes for professional communication Through her studies, we find that the main purpose of strategizing professional communication in an organization is to inform employees of the objectives and goals of the organization and the direction that should be f
Nowadays, many Western companies place their manufacturing facilities in foreign countries, which benefits both consumers at home and the workers who receive an opportunity to earn a living. Usually, the economies of the countries which offer cheap labor costs are considered to be in the developing stage, which means that they do not have certain institutions which are well-established in the West. Therefore, Western companies have a moral obligation to promote certain concepts such as a minimum wage and labor rights in the nations which do not view them as necessary. Many argue that the implementation of such concepts in the developing countries will lead to an increase in production costs. Yet, by thoroughly examining each situation and then developing appropriate strategies for the implementation of the Western labor practices, companies can achieve a reliable balance between profits and workers’ well-being. Thus, the Western companies, by choosing to pursue ethical practices, can improve their workers’ performance, eliminate the dangerous working conditions, and attract new clients who will be willing to encourage their behavior. The circumstances of the current economic and political climate dictate certain rules of conduct to all companies worldwide, and ethics have become one of their primary subjects. It is expected that large businesses must possess a mission statement which would contain a clause outlining their determination to improving employee satisfaction in the countries hosting their plants (Byars & Stanberry, 2018). This goal can be fulfilled only through adhering to the practices which have proven effective, including promotion of labor rights, introduction of a minimum wage, and establishment of labor unions. Advocating and even lobbying for them is in the best interest of the Western companies because they directly affect the well-being of their workers. People who are certain about their future and clearly understand that they cannot be easily fired or stripped of their wages can deliver better results and work more efficiently. Moreov
Introduction Shopping malls are sometimes seen as prominent examples of consumerism-centered cultures. They concentrate various shops and entertainment facilities in a somewhat small space that is designed to maximize the purchases made by visitors. This tendency sometimes makes them appear dehumanizing, suggesting that they remove the traditional interactions and relationships between shopkeepers and the community. Disposable employees staff the shop instead, and people interact with the brand rather than a person they can get to know. The success of the mall approach in the United States has led to the popularization of the methodology worldwide. As such, people are worried about the spread of American consumerism-centric culture and the disappearance of more traditional commerce methods. This paper will analyze the rise of malls in the United States and the relationship between Turkish consumers and shopping at malls or bazaars. Malls in the United States The concept of the mall as a focal point for local commerce and social life is not new, as public gathering places have existed for a long time. As Sanburn (2017) notes, people used to gather around the central marketplace in ancient Greece, though cathedrals occupied the position in the Middle Ages in Europe. Malls became such a location in the United States, combining job opportunities, the satisfaction of purchasing needs, and the ability to meet other people and enjoy oneself with them (Sanburn, 2017). However, in the latter half of the 20th century, merchants began considering ways to maximize revenues they got from consumers (Sanburn, 2017). Malls’ ability to attract people provided significant opportunities for exploitation, and designers began working on improving their potential. They were successful at that task, creating the image of the modern mall that symbolizes consumer culture to many people nowadays. Southdale Center, located in Minnesota, was the first significant success that combined many different practices to maximize performance (Sanburn, 2017). At the same time, the marketing effort could not be overt because overly aggressive practices could drive people away. According to Sanburn (2017), “the building was fully enclosed, the storefronts faced in, and large anchor stores were placed at separate ends to attract customers and promote foot traffic to the smaller shops in between” (para. 11), exposing customers to numerous stores and