ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Quote Explanation On July 16, 1945, the first atomic explosion marked the arrival of the atomic era. Overwhelmed by dread and awe, William L. Laurence, a New York Times reporter, described the event as “the grand finale of a mighty symphony of the elements” (as cited in Thorpe 161). The enormous power of the bomb aroused in him almost religious feelings. However, that symphony was not part of an act of creation, revealing divine beauty; rather, it was an apocalyptic event bringing total annihilation. J. Robert Oppenheimer, director of the Manhattan Project, expressed his fascination at the ruinous and awful power of the explosion by paraphrasing a passage from the sacred Hindu text, Bhagavad Gita: “I Become Death, the Shatterer of Worlds” (as cited in Beal 159). Witnessing the devastating, almost demonic power of the atomic bomb and feeling himself a part of it, Oppenheimer in his quote seems to be calling for moral responsibility. His poetic invocation expresses the dire meaning of humanity’s new weapon, its otherworldly nature, and its significance. It is as if a sense of guilt replaces the scientific curiosity that animated him throughout the entire project. Personalizing the devastating power of the atomic bomb, Oppenheimer makes an attempt at taking moral responsibility for its consequences for humanity. President Truman’s Decision President Truman’s decision to use the atomic bomb on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was a decision of unprecedented complexity and gravity and, without a doubt, the most difficult decision of his life. The assessment of several committees that were considering the possibility of achieving a victory by a sudden and devastating strike, the expectations of the American people, and a deteriorating relationship with the Soviet Union defined his perspective on the issue (Hamby par. 4). There were numerous objections against the use of an atomic weapon in 1945. The main counterarguments stated that it was racist to bomb only Japan, that it would not help the war effort, and, most importantly, that it was an effort to make a political statement designed to resonate with the Soviet Union, which was another threat at the time. Those who were in favor of Truman’s decision believed that the number of U.S. casualties if there were an invasion of Japan without a preceding atomic strike, might reach one million combatants (Hamby par.6). It was also estimated that a four-month invasion would result in the death of almost three million Japanese (Skates 79). Personal Opinion If I were living in 1945, I would, most likely, support President Truman’s decision and go along with public opinion, which showed overw
Introduction Higher learning entails more than just inculcating the capacity to recall information among students. According to Kolb, learning refers to “…the process whereby knowledge is created through the transformation of experience” (41). However, in any learning model, knowledge is desirable if learning results are to be left to the students permanently. Border notes that “Knowledge results from the combination of grasping and transforming experience” (65). Effective teaching to enhance deeper learning implies the application of strategies that result in subtle increased grasping experience characterized by ardent conceptualization of information delivered. One cannot, therefore, achieve deeper learning through one-way traffic. It requires more than just information vomiting. Students take on certain hot topics under discussion are paramount. Some pre-scrutiny of the topics is essential to be done principally by students before the teacher takes up to provide the students with an amicable opportunity to have attained the gist of what is to be covered and if possible to have digested the better part of the themes. Experimental and reflective learning thus remains advocated for if people wish to achieve effective teaching especially at higher institutions of learning. Enhancing effectiveness in higher education to achieve the “deeper” level of learning As a teacher or a professor in an institution of higher learning, several strategies seem worth adopting to score the goal of achieving a deeper level of learning. Understanding and application of experimental learning technique is one of the ways through which one can use to achieve this. About Kolb, people have conducted extensive research on the contribution of experimental learning. The results of the studies point to attributing significance drumming up support for the technique as it “aids learners learn how to learn by following a recursive cycle of experiencing, reflecting, thinking and acting” (Kolb 297). The technique helps to raise the learner’s learning power. The integration of priory mentioned four experimental learning cycles’ confines and entangles deep learning as contrasted to surface learning. Surface learning does not deploy the experimental learning cycles but rather focuses on “accumulation of information and memorization for extrinsic reasons such as getting a good grade” (Mickelson 53). One can anticipate the experimental approach of teaching to bring about a deep level of learning since it is consistent with the traits of any deep level of learning model of teaching. Such a model “is more intrinsically motivated, integrated, reflective, and complex” (Border 92). The second technique that could yield substantial fruits towards the attainment of a deeper level of learning is a group-learning technique of teaching. Research has shown that acutely facilitated and organized teams of students can generate and foster dee
Introduction The use and effects of collaboration and co-operation cannot be underestimated. Group work has many advantages, but at the same time, the members of a group need to adjust to each other and learn how to work together, which can be challenging. People form groups for academic, professional and business purposes. Group formation involves several stages. This work looks at the implications of each stage of group formation and its specific character. It also discusses the effects of negative traits among members and ways of increasing the efficiency of a group and developing a successful collaboration between its members. Stages of Group formation Forming is the first stage of building a group. At this stage, the leader dominates all activities because other members of the group do not know their roles (Mind Tools, 2012). Members are always humble and optimistic about the group. Some of them are often anxious while others experience high levels of excitement. At this stage the leader may have to deal with some shyness and insecurity among the group members, which can be overcome with the help of ice-breaking strategies. During the storming stage, conflicts arise among members. This situation results from individual differences among members (Mind Tools, 2012). Some even challenge the suitability of their leader. At this stage, a lot of disagreements occur; some members may even leave the group. During the norming stage, members become friendly to each other (Mind Tools, 2012). Their friendship results from the ability to resolve conflicts and acknowledge their strengths and weaknesses. They respect their leaders, and depend on each other. During this stage the group members learn how to handle their differences. The group’s performance and effectiveness also improves. This achievement marks the beginning of the performing stage. A group that reaches this stage is capable of achieving its objectives (Mind Tools, 2012). The role of a group leader The major role of the group leader is to help the group achieve its objectives (Mind Tools, 2009). The
Introduction A Clockwork Orange is a film directed by Stanley Kubrick that satirizes the modern world. It is a fantasy and science fiction film featuring the 1960s in England. The story and plot are linearly structured as it gives a chronology of events as they happen. The filmmaker organized the story to offer the audience a simple and continuous sequence in the narrative. It has a setup followed by an inciting incident or conflict, which then has its climax and resolution. Alex leads a small gang of thugs who commit several crimes. They beat and rape women at the beginning of the film. This is the scene where the inciting incident begins, followed by a climax as he gets arrested and thrown into jail to undergo experimental therapy (Madsen, 2020, p. 43). Alex’s behavior is manipulated when he is subjected to experimental treatment; however, his transformation is not genuine after his release. The paper below will analyze A Clockwork Orange, the themes present, characters, and cinematography used in the film. Major Themes of the Film Morality The central theme of morality defines whether it is right to use therapy to stop immoral behaviors. After aversion therapy, Alex involuntary becomes a reformed member of society and feigns his new behaviour (Madsen, 2020, p. 44). A Clockwork Orange poses the question of whether it is ethical to force people to change their way of being. As seen in the film, the government subjected Alex to aversion therapy against his own will, which is not morally right. The author shames the totalitarian government for going against human rights. Freewill and Fate Freewill and fate is another theme that is depicted in the film. It portrays that it is pointless to change an individual against their will. Throughout the film, it can be noted that human behavior is predictable, and thus it is impossible to be corrected externally. The prison chaplain states that “when a man cannot choose, he ceases to be a man”. One’s free will gets undermined when one freedom of choice is taken. Alex was stripped of his free will and fate when he was subjected to involuntary stimuli (Madsen, 2020, p. 42). Even after his release, society does not become a better place for Alex. The film’s other meaning is that artificial interference collides with the natural course of events. Inherent Evil Will of Government The author of the film depicts the theme of the inherent evil will of government. He uses it to stress how severe the government meddles in people’s businesses. In the film, the interior minister approved the therapy citing it as a greater societal good to prevent wrongdoing. The government did not care about individuals’ consequences (Madsen, 2020, p. 46). It also emphasizes how those in powerful positions have power over individual will. The government interferes with personal affairs and thus infringes on human rights. As much as the government tried to solve crimes, the personal choice belongs to human nature, and they can act freely according to their preferences. Effects of Cinematography and Symbolism Have on The Audience The film director Kubrick staged the violent scenes as the center of A C
Septic shock is a life-threatening complication associated with sepsis, which is the dysregulated host response to severe infection (Cecconi, Evans, Levy, & Rhodes, 2018, p. 75) The condition sepsis occurs when the body’s immune system turns on itself and causes inflammation in the body. Septic shock is the late stage of sepsis where cells and tissues are hypoperfused secondary to persisting hypotension. World Health Organization [WHO] (2018, p.) has stated that globally, each year, an estimated six million patients die from sepsis. In this case scenario, Jedda Merindah, a 33-year-old male of Indigenous heritage has been admitted after a post-medical emergency for hypotension. He was receiving induction phase chemotherapy for his Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). According to Merindah’s self-monitoring, he reported that he was afebrile. Blood culture taken 1 week ago did not grow any pathogen. His past medical history indicates Acute Rheumatic Fever during childhood with no structural heart abnormalities, mild left ventricle dilation, and normal ejection fraction based on the previous echocardiogram. Other past medical history includes depression and hypercholesterolemia. which he is taking Citalopram 10mg daily and Atorvastatin 40mg respectively. In addition, Merindah attempted suicide in 2003 via drug overdose. On assessment, his sign and symptoms are heart rate 118 beats/min with atrial fibrillation, Blood pressure 92/65mmHg, febrile 38.8°C, Hb 89, WBC 3.4, creatinine 138, BGL 9.6mmol, tachypneic 28 breaths per minute, using accessory muscles, anxiety and restless, diaphoretic, decreased nutritional intake and decreased urinary output. This paper will discuss the identification of the presented case-patient deterioration due to septic shock and the evidence-based practice of clinical interventions that can be put in place to ensure the patient is regaining good health. The early recognition of the clinical deterioration gives room for the health care providers to look for the best means possible to adequate and evidence-based interventions to the patient (Fisher & King, 2013, pp. 2378-2381). Therefore, Registered Nurses must possess knowledge on physiological changes that occur during septic shock and the possible interventions that can help the patient. Sign and symptoms: Decreased BP, Increased respiratory rate and effort, decreased WBC and platelets The patient blood pressure is 92 mmHg Systolic which according to definition is not considered hypotensive shock (Dellinger, 2013, p. 583). However, the increase in HR shows the body’s attempt to increase the cardiac output to preserve the oxygen delivery to cells and tissues (CO = HR X SV). This was possibly caused by the release of adrenaline which is another attempt to increase the BP to preserve the organ perfusion. Another assessment data which confirms this assumption is the cold peripheries secondary to peripheral vasoconstriction caused by the release of angiotensinogen which is part of the renin-angiotensin -aldosterone system (RAAS) (Corrêa, Takala, & Jakob, 2015). In addition, the bl
Introduction EverCrack is a pun combing the words EverQuest, a computer game, and Crack, an addictive substance. EverCrack then suggests that EverQuest is an addictive substance with a detrimental effect on a person’s well-being. EverQuest is just one of the many Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPGs) out there. Other more popular games include World of Warcraft, Anarchy Online, and MU. All of them have the same general elements, Killing monsters, quests, loot, and of course, interacting with other people. MMORPGs can be entertaining, they combine highly addictive gameplay with social interaction right in the comfort and safety of one’s home. However, too much of a good thing can be bad. The focus of this paper is on the negative effects of online video games, including addiction that can lead to death and efforts to have videogame addiction classified as an actual psychological disorder. The MMORPG industry Computer games are entertaining, from the ancient days of DOOM, Command, and Conquer, and Warcraft, video games were already an amusing part of life. However, computer games had an isolating effect, playing DOOM at home meant ignoring friends who want to go place baseball and there was no point in going to the gym to work out if one could be Triple H in WWF Smackdown. It was not until the internet became a household thing that it became possible for people who played video games could interact while playing. When Ultima Online came out in 1997 the fusion between social interaction and video gaming was crystallized. There was no need to leave the comfortable confines of the home to socialize. We can all meet in Lord British’s Castle (a locale in Ultima Online) Today the MMORPG industry is massive with millions of people playing online games and paying huge sums of money to play. For example, in World of Warcraft, there are 10 million players around the world who pay about $15 a month to blitz around the world of Azeroth. Some MMORPG like World of Warcraft and EverQuest can boast up to half a m
In the face of what is quickly becoming the global CoronaVirus (COVID-19) health crisis, the UAE Government has been a reassuring presence to many; ensuring that the country’s economy is impacted as little as possible and that even with the newly implemented remote-working policy, that professionals have their working and learning needs met as well. I have experienced this first-hand, being part of the country’s workforce that has been mandated to work remotely during the period of quarantine and social distancing that has been recommended by the state in a bid to stop the transmission of COVID-19. It all started in the November-December period of 2019 when the very first cases of infection of a new strain of the Coronavirus were reported in China. At the time, I was going about my routine work duties and obligations, like most of the world, completely unaware of the impact that this virus would soon have on our world. The virus was thereafter named the SARS-CoV-2, with the resultant illness widely identified as COVID-19. What followed was a health and economic nightmare, as infection rates skyrocketed worldwide, quarantines were quickly implemented in many countries, and global leaders were strategizing on how to minimize the effect of the would-be pandemic on their populations and their economies. The UAE, under Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice President, Prime Minister, and Monarch of the Emirate of Dubai was no different. Given the infectious nature of the disease, the government quickly implemented preventative and precautionary measures to the country’s workforce. I remember attending several briefings, called by our managerial teams on the COVID-19 crisis and how office etiquette and interactions had to change. Alcohol-based sanitizers and handwash were distributed in strategic places throughout the office, the frequency of disinfection cleaning increased dramatically, and I would pass a few people wearing masks on my way to and from my workplace. The UAE cabinet then formed a committee aimed at handling the negative impacts of COVID-19 on the national economy, which would have been reasonably expected, given the adverse impact of the disease on the working and investing population. Eventually, the Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation issued a directive that no more than 30% of a private company’s workforce should physically report to offices. This effectively led to much of the country’s workforce, myself included, having to readjust to working and learning right from our homes. I am particularly thankful for this remote-working directive, which shows the lengths to which the UAE government is willing to go to protect its workforce, and its population in general. It has, however, changed a lot of how organizations work. For many of us, starting March 29th, 2020, remote working has become our new reality, and organizational leaders and managers are dedicated to ensuring that the transition is smooth and supported by good work practices. I firmly believe that this is an effective course of action. Furthermore, I am willing to wholly develop and maintai
Qantas and virgin Australia share many similarities since they are in the same industry. Both companies make sure that services offered to their customers are paramount hence making them acquire individual market share. This is done by these companies making sure that their airlines have records of safety. Consumers prefer travelling with airlines with a clear history of incidences and accidents. Everyone aims at reaching their final destination safely hence making it essential for consumers to rely on airline companies that have safety measures (Goh, 2004). They make sure that their pilots are competent in order to build trust to their consumers that they will eventually land to their destinations safely (Forsyth, 2005). Both companies make sure that they provide customer services to their consumers that match international standards. Once consumers are received by customer care representatives and assisted along the process of clearance, they feel encouraged to come back to the company again for services. If a company has poor customer relationships, consumers end up disappointed by their services hence opting to try out services from other players in the market this means that the company loses out to its competitors. These two companies carry out extensive consumer surveys to find out what consumers prefer when travelling. They provide what customers feel best for their journeys and this assures them of retaining customers and attracting more. Their cabin crew retains high professionalism in serving customers making them miss flying in these airlines. Consumer behavior is monitored by a customer service department in both companies. This makes sure that customer requirements are given priority and attended remarkably fast. This is done to make sure any complaint from customers is addressed, and communication made to the concerned client to retain their faith. For example, whenever a customer is dissatisfied with the services offered by the travel company, they may raise the issue to the management. The managements of Qantas and virgin Australia companies follow up with the client to make sure that, they clarify and make apologies where possible hence restoring customer trust. This promises these companies stable market share. This is because consumers who fail to be satisfied with their services are followed up to be explained until they feel that the issue was accidental. On the other hand, these two companies tend to differ in some aspects because Qantas Airline Company is financially healthier than virgin Australia and relies on the strategic planning theory. This makes a significant difference between the two companies because Qantas offers services to its consumers without straining their budgets (Lawton. 2002). Qantas focuses more on long term benefits of the airline in selection of their target market. For example, customers pay less to travel with Qantas as their tickets cost much cheaper than those from virgin Australia Company. Customers