ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Unilever is an international consumer product manufactures like foods, personal care products, cleaning agents, and beverages; the company is listed in Rotterdam stock exchange in Netherlands as Unilever and London stock exchanges in the United Kingdom Unilever PLC, the company was founded by Samuel van den Bergh, Antonius Johannes Jurgens, and William Hulme Lever Viscount Leverhulme on 1 st January 1930. To remain competitive in the changing business arenas, the company has enacted a number of strategic management tools aimed at creating competitiveness in the company. Current chief executive officer and non executive chairman Paul Polman and Michael Treschow are keen on developing strategies that are responsive to changes in the international business environment; the company’s main competitors are Nestlé, Reckitt Benckiser Henkel, and Procter & Gamble (Unilever Official Website, 2011). This paper takes an internal and external analysis of the company; it will uses S.W.O.T. and P.E.S.T.L.E. analysis as the strategic tools of analysis. Strengths Through the years, the company has been able to build a strong brand name as well as develop strategic alliances and partnerships with those companies that can lead to an effective business. For the last 10 years, the company has been sect oral leader in Dow Jones Sustainability Indexes an indication of the ethical behavior and code of conduct adopted. One of the strongest areas that the company has is the sales and marketing strategies, the policies enacted ensures that the company’s products reach the target market in the right form and quality. The marketing department in collaboration with the research and development departments surveys the market and advice the company on the kind of products they are supposed to make depending with the country of operation. For example in developing countries, the company has come up with some products that cost less than a dollar; this has been made possible by packaging the products in smaller quantity and affording to sell cheaply (Zi-Lin, Kwanghui and Pho-Kam, 2006). Unilever management has appreciated that human resources are the most valuable resource for the company; according to the company’s website, in 2010, the number of employees from all the companies branches amounted to 167 000, drawn from more than 22 nationalities. The diverse human capital is well blend and managed by the company’s human resources department; they are encouraged to give their contribution to the business for an effective operation (Horngren, Srikant & George, 2006). In modern business environments, technology is used for various purposes; Unilever uses the technology of different advancements to facilitate its businesses. Information systems are used as communication method within the company as well as when communicating with the external stakeholders like shareholders and customers. Internally the computerized systems include supply chain management systems, human resources management systems (when talking of human resources,
In the era of Big Data analysis and the ubiquitous nature of IT, the idea of collecting information for artificial intelligence (AI) to process and customize services accordingly might seem legitimate. However, on further scrutiny of the issue from an ethical perspective, it will become obvious that the specified process is highly unethical and needs to be curbed. Research points out the invasive essence of the mass data collection process, calling for the change that will allow limiting the access to personal data for AI. From the perspective of the needs of an individual, the use of the Big Data cannot be considered as ethical since it strives to benefit a community instead. As Fairfield and Shtein (2014) point out, the Utilitarianism position clashes with the concepts of Deontology in the descried dilemma, yet the significance of beneficence and nonmaleficence remain high in the discourse around the use of personal data by AI. Likewise, Hammer (2017) emphasizes the need to comply with the notion of scientific rigor as opposed to the idea of using unethical practices to trick people into participating in a survey. Gustafson and Woodworth (2014) share this sentiment, explaining that the importance of consent for personal data collection, which AI often fails to provide, is vital to the safety of participants. Therefore, the available literature renders the idea of protecting the rights and personal security of an individual as the issue of the highest value. Overall, the studies in question point to the gap in knowledge concerning the extent to which the use of Big Data by AI affects the security of personal data. Moreover, the ethical aspects of the lack of consent in gathering personal information with the help of AI needs to be explored.
Executive Summary Investing in transport networks is an expensive exercise that calls for the government or the involved party to make a sound decision pertaining the undertaking. In some situations, the developer is faced with the challenge of deciding the best project between renovating and upgrading the existing systems or developing new systems altogether. Consultants of such developers make use of scientific project management systems, particularly of transport investment evaluation principles and practices to advice the developer of the best strategy given the two possible undertakings given above. Port Phoenix has been a major transport route between Dragon and Bharat and managed by Aquitania government, however the port is facing an increasing traffic as trade among the two countries improve. The main challenge facing Aquania, the managing and host country is how they can put the port into maximum use and facilitate trade. The government engaged the services of Synergy Global Inc to advice on the way forward; the report by the consulting firm supported expansion of the port, however some governmental transport economist advised the transport minister to consider developing another port instead of expanding Phoenix. The minister is has the challenge of deciding the best approach to use given the objectives, aims, and goals that he want attained with limited resources at the countries disposal. Projects objective The Aquitania government through the ministry of transport has some national goals and objectives that it aims at attaining given the scarce resources in the country and the need to offer effective and reliable transport system. The following are the specific objectives that it aims at attaining:   * After the project, the country expects to have a reliable transport system that can handle the increasing trade and transshipment between Bharat and Dragon; the ministry of transport hopes that containerized trade will increase; this was after the realization of one of the highest growth rate at 9% for the years 2010-2011   * To reduce congestion that is experienced in the 2 lane highway that connects port phoenix to the city of San Ignacio   * To provide the country with an alternative transport system that reduces the road damages and delayed cargo delivery from among the trading countries   * Facilitation of trade and collection through the finances developed as the countries trade with each other The above are the main objectives that the ministry want to attain with the project, however when dealing with transport project managed program, the program has the following objectives to deriver:   * Ensuring that the available resources have been invested in the best method possible given the alternatives available   * To ensure that the project is completed within the set time and cost frameworks   * Ensuring that resources, both human and physical resources have been managed effectively for the benefit of the country Alternatives
Andragogy refers to the general theory of adult learning. The theory defines the various methods used to teach adults. These methods basis are several postulations made by Malcolm Knowles about andragogy. The methods of learning and the theory on which they are based are known worldwide, but the use of the term andragogy is primarily limited to Europe. Malcolm Knowles outlined several assumptions about adult education that differentiated the two general theories of learning (Smith, 2002). According to the first assumption of the Malcolm Knowles theory, as a child, a human being is largely dependent on the parent for material support. In addition, the parent acts as the guide to the child in its early years of development. In the initial stages of development, most of the child development is directly attached to the parent, and it cannot do without provision by the parent. At this stage, the child has little knowledge of the complexity of life. The child is interested in the immediate surrounding and the need for survival. Due to the dependency on the parent, the child learns from the parent in every aspect. The child can concentrate on what is taught even for a long time. As the child grows, it becomes detached from the parent and assumes a leading role in affairs of its life. when the child become an adult person, the urge to be one’s own guide in life sets in, and one becomes completely detached from the parent. The adult person depends more on his own guidance for all decisions (Smith, 2002). Moreover, the adult person assumes that he provides the best decisions for progress in his life. The second and subsequent theories are developed from the first assumption of the Malcolm Knowles theory. This theory has several implications on the effective methods that are used for teaching a particular individual, and the ability to learn using conventional methods used for a child’s learning. New methods of teaching and learning are necessary for the adult to learn effectively. During the process of growth, a person acquires experience that affects learning. This experience is a part of the knowledge that the individual possesses, and it controls the rate and willingness to learn. The second assumption is that when learning as an adult, a person will tend to have well defined priorities such that he or she chooses the areas of interest for learning. Furthermore, the person may subconsciously discriminate some areas of knowledge and favour those areas that are directly relevant to the person’s social and economic development. The adult human being is more interested in the knowledge to his or her life. The fourth observation by Knowles is that as a person develops, time becomes a major factor in the learning process. The adult learner will prefer to a
An organizational structure refers to a system established to oversee the organization’s flow of activities to achieve its goals, which include roles, rules, and responsibilities. There are several organizational structures, such as product, functional, matrix, customer, and geographic. I prefer the functional one because it categorizes individuals as per their particular functions. The accounting, human resource, and purchasing departments have distinct secured zones from which they operate, thus independently managed. Another example of the functional organizational structure’s events is that there is a director to whom managers of various functional areas report (Young & Ghoshal 2016). The director acts as the overall in charge of the operations of the organization. One of the vital advantages of the functional organizational structure is the fact that functions are run on the basis of expertise, which allows for maximum productivity of each individual because they are engaging in duties in which they are most efficient. However, a disadvantage of this system is that departments may tend to operate as solo units, which may lead to failure to support the functions of the other areas of expertise, thus making the organization lose its sense of unity, which is pivotal in any organization’s success. I also prefer an organizational structure that operates by some guidelines, which are of massive benefit to the organization. The functional Organization structure works by these guidelines. One of the guidelines includes having goals of the organization defined by those at high levels, such as the director of operations. There are also apparent job descriptions present for each job, ensuring each worker knows what is expected of them. There should also be clear lines of responsibility and authority that guide everyone’s behavior. Another guideline is that top management is the one that makes crucial organizational decisions—all these sum up a preferred organizational structure. Reference Young, C., & Ghoshal, S. (2016). Organization theory and the multinational corporation . Springer.
Ali of ten and Zahar of 9 are the main characters in this story of Children of Heaven. This movie is of good art work from Iran. The movie is typical and very sincere. The sweetness of this story is not in what the eyes see but it’s in the scripts. There are no machines or camera tricks to make the movie look modern. The movie starts when Ali is at the shoe repairer. After a short while he is seen getting back home after losing her sister’s shoes. Maybe when he got home someone expected to see a different scene, maybe some Shiny buildings and big populations with different types of races, but you find the life at home is disgusting. Sometimes one can get bored because of over repetition of the same scenes with very few characters. On the other hand, it’s a very good movie for children, as it contains total humane and the wonderful performance of the two children which will catch kids attention. The theme of the movie is very shallow, so kids to understand is very simple. We can see how Ali feels and the steps he takes after the lost shoes. He showed her sister that he was a loving and caring brother and so he was ready to do anything to see she is happy. He accepted to share the only shoes he had with her sister and when he won a pen after being the best performer in their class, he gave the pen to her sister in order to console her heart. In the movie, when you see how Ali and his sister behave or act to show how poverty and inequality have hounded their family. One might think it is a real story as it reflects the pure picture of every day life. (Ebert 34). It’s very interesting and exciting how Ali drops down the shoes and jumps on something else and how he desperately found the shoes missing. If you compare the scene with his sister’s story on how she wanted to hide her shoes for other students not to see them during games time because they were old and torn. But when the shoe dropped into the sewage, he became very worried. Majid Majidi directed this movie and the bicycle’s thief. In these two movies the theme is alike using the same ideas and showing a lot of monotonous creativity. Children of heaven share with us the idea of the lost shoes; Dad’s having some financial scores to settle and Ali contesting in a long bare foot race. All the ideas can help us to define the nature of the life the family was living, and the illness of Ali’s mother helps to define humane. In the real sense, you can not compare this movie with horror movies. The only part which seemed to be horrible is when Zahar dropped the shoe in a sewer in which she became very worried. The scripts of the story can fit any drama since there are very few actors in this movie. The picture of the movie is slightly more to a drama as it reflects real life. Nobody will get frustrated in this film because it awakens our emotions. The objective is to make people be very accurate with real life and try to help others when in trouble. (Ebert 34).
Culture and International Human Resource Management Trinidad and Tobago is a country in South America that has a population that is diverse in terms of ethnicity (Storr & John, 2015). The major groups are Trinidadians of European, African, Indian, Chinese, and Syrian-Lebanese descent. The ethnic diversity of this country makes it has to address some issues the United States also face. When applying Hofstede’s framework, it is clear that Trinidad and the USA share a lot of features in common. For instance, the two countries have quite similar scores in such dimensions as power distance (47 for Trinidad and 40 for the USA), masculinity (58 for Trinidad and 62 for the US), and uncertainty avoidance (55 for Trinidad and 46 for the USA) (“Trinidad and Tobago,” 2017). These scores show that Trinidadians (just like Americans) prefer being independent, dislike control and excessive supervision, focus on competition and achieving success, and can have fears concerning their future. The dimension of indulgence is quite different as Trinidadians (with the score of 80) tend to be more willing to express their feelings and enjoy their lives as compared to Americans who are more reserved (with a score of 68
The Darwinism theory talks about evolution or better still the transmutation of species. This entails the transformation of various species from their original form to a lot more different forms through what is commonly called genetic transformation. This simply means that the present existing organisms descended from somewhere and therefore there is a difference between the organisms that existed millions of years ago and those that are in existence as of now. For instance man is thought to trace his roots from the ape family of organisms and therefore it is thought by those who share in the Darwinism theory that evolution must have taken place. Likewise in the text The Island of Dr Moreau, we encounter the doctor, who we learn is a runaway vivisectionist from London for many years now. He, the doctor has made beast men, who are half men and half beasts, (Wells 18)therefore he can be considered to have caused a sort of evolution from one form of organism to another and that is, he created half beasts and half human beings by mixing genes from both animals and human beings. The Darwinism theory is evident throughout the book as we encounter a certain class of organisms referred to as beast men. These beast men are an absolute mockery of man. Prendick happens to see the difference that exists between the beast men and real men through their character because their character is very weird and different in comparison to humans they seem to be unruly and very noisy (Wells 24). Their physical appearance is described by Prendick as “inhuman- looking humans (Wells 30)”. Their exists many of them, that is the Leopard Man, Ape Man, Bull Men and many more forms. This therefore means that the animals’ physical appearance could be half beast and half human. Moreau’s experiments have borne fruits that can be seen as a form of evolution from one set of organisms to another. Darwinism propagates the idea of the formation or rather the development of life from nothing. When organisms come up and grow from one stage to another then that can be regarded as the propagation of that theory, now that beast men are in existence and who knew that there could be a common means of communication that cuts across the group, because all these beast men can talk to each other by use of rudimentary language and understand each other by mere fact that they have got a humanistic characteristic that cuts across, therefore genetic mutations must have really occurred in doctor Moreau’s experiments. We are told that they can also work as servants, chant their songs and do many more activities. It is well understood that animals can never be servants and do chores that are designed by men. The doctor’s overpowering desire to bring about scientific progression is what causes him to carry out the experiments. This he thought was to bring about a sense of making man or even the beasts more efficient and better than their former selves. He believes that pain and pleasure are not relevant thereby having to do what he does in
Problem Statement The manager for brand strategy of GM addressed the Project Midas team in early 2004. The marketing team of the Project Midas had to provide “a positioning statement for the Chevrolet brand in Europe” (Kerin & Peterson 644). The Project Midas had to provide the statement, but the product line of the GM Daewoo, model characteristics, prices, distribution coverage and dealers’ sales practices were to remain the same. Additionally, the Project Midas team had to achieve a goal of one percent market share for the brand in the European market (Kerin & Peterson 634). However, the primary objective of the Project Midas team was to make European car buyers acquainted with the Chevrolet brand. Admittedly, the marketing team had to make the brand popular (or at least known) to achieve other goals provided. Short Summary of the Facts Basically, the Project Midas had to make the Chevrolet brand known to Europeans as the brand was “virtually unknown” to European customers in 2004 (Kerin & Peterson 649). According to research less than one percent of European customers knew the Chevrolet brand and its bowtie logo. On the other hand, Daewoo cars were quite popular in many European countries. This could be a very good foundation for the development of the appropriate strategy. Analysis of the Facts Unknown to the European car buyers In the first places, it is important to consider the fact that the Chevrolet brand was quite unknown to the European car buyers. As has been mentioned above, less than 1% of the European customers knew anything about Chevrolet. Therefore, it could be possible to create a positioning statement from scratch, i.e. the marketing team could develop a brand-new strategy to introduce the brand. On the other hand, some people could have some misconceptions concerning the car. For instance, Europeans could think the car was not for them “due to preconceptions of American cars as gas-guzzling yank tanks” (Kerin & Peterson 649). Therefore, while creating a positioning statement, it was essential to take into account this fact as well. Thus, The Project Midas marketing team did not have to adapt certain strategy to the existing portfolio of the brand (as the brand was almost unknown), but they had to debunk existing misconceptions. Positive image of the Daewoo brand Secondly, while constructing a positioning statement, the Project Midas team could exploit popularity of certain Daewoo cars. For instance, Daewoo Matiz was particularly popular in such countries as Poland, Chech Republic, Portugal and Italy. More so, according to Kerin & Peterson it became the winner at “The World’s Most Beautiful Automobile of 1998” (in the segment of the small car) (644). According to research held in 2003 owners of the Ma