ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction: An Overview of the Business Development Company leadership and leadership skills development have become rather topical issues over the past few decades. Analyzing some of the issues that have been raised in the course of an interview with a women who has been in a leadership position for a considerable amount of time, one can possibly understand what issues the business world is facing at the moment, as well as analyze the typical characteristics of a leader in general and a female leader in particular.. The Role and Responsibilities of a Leader: A King in His Castle One of the basic complexities about being a leader is that the given position presupposes that a person is able to play many roles equally well. To be more exact, a good leader is supposed to be able to plan the further strategy of the company according to the statistical data, make important financial decisions, consider the ideas that the employees offer and choose the most reasonable ones, coordinate the work of different departments, etc. Basically, being a leader means being able to plan the further course of actions that the company is going to undertake, including financial, economical, industrial, organizational ones, etc. As a result, a leader plays several roles in the organization. As it follows from the interview with a female leader of a large company, a leader is supposed to play the following roles in a company: Representative of the organization A leader is supposed to be the face of his own company; by having a conversation with the leader of an entrepreneurship, people, as a rule, evaluate his/her organization. While it is a bit unfair that the work of so many people (i.e., employees, managers, etc.) is assessed on the merits of a leader alone, often the potential customers have no other way to learn about the company other than talking to its leader or learning about him/her in the local news. Therefore, a leader is personally responsible to every single member of the company for every step that (s)he makes, since these steps have a tangible influence on the company’s reputation. Strategist Needless to say, being a leader presupposes being able to plan the company’s further development and, therefore, the further actions that need to be undertaken. In addition, a leader must always have a backup plan that must be implemented in case anything goes wrong with the current strategy. Coordinator Any organization works like a complex mechanism, with every element in its place. Once a single item goes out of the chord, the whole structure falls apart, and a good leader knows it well. Therefore, the work between various departments must be well coordinated. Conflict solver Unfortunately, conflicts are an integral part of working in any organization. Moreover, most conflicts should not be regarded as something negative; on the contrary, conflicts should be considered as an exercise in problem solving and helping employees adapt towards the changes in a company, as well
Introduction In 2006 there were 5,935,000 car accidents around the world, in 2008 there were 5,811,000 accidents, as such, while 2012 has yet to come to an end it can be assumed that based on the yearly number of accidents there will probably be 5 million accidents in this year as well. Out of these 5 million accidents roughly 1,000,000 or more deaths will probably be the result of a car skidding out of control and hitting the solid metal fence that acts as a barrier in between lanes. What must be understood is that while metal fences are an effective means of creating a barricade so that cars that skid out of control won’t hit other vehicles in opposing lanes they weren’t designed to protect the drivers of cars that have skidded out of control. The fact remains that due to the nature of their design and durability metal fences can be considered as death traps for drivers that have lost control of their vehicle since impacting a solid metal fence is almost the same as colliding with a concrete wall. At speeds ranging from 60 to 100 miles per hour on various highways and roads a sudden impact from an opposing vehicle can and will cause a car to wildly spin out of control resulting in it colliding into a metal fence resulting in the destruction of the car and the death of the driver. It is based on this that alternative barricades are needed in order to address the issues of ensuring the protection of cars in other lanes while at the same time making sure that the driver of the car that hit the barricade isn’t too badly injured. Plastic Fences (Water filled Plastic Barricades) One of the more ideal methods to address this issue is the use of plastic fences as an alternative to the traditional metal barricades seen in many highways and roads today. A plastic fence is composed of a series of plastic barricades constructed out of a durable yet pliable PVC plastic. Each barricade is filled with water to give it a certain degree of durability and weight however upon impact by a moving vehicle the water within it acts as a means of slowing down the vehicle without the accompanying complete destruction of the car’s external frame. The reason behind this is quite simple, while the water gives the barricades sufficient enough weight to prevent an out of control vehicle from crossing into the adjoining lane the fact that the interior of the barricade is filled with water actually prevents further damage to the car, absorbs the bu
Being familiar with an educational organization justifying new IS projects and the technologies used is very competitive because of the rapid technological changes. Justification takes place mainly in traditional capital budgeting decisions, which does not take into consideration the various different factors affecting Information System projects ranging from small applications to larger projects according to different aspects of organizational requirements. In this light, other than time, projects consume other quantifiable resources, which can be valued in monetary or dollars. These methods are categorized as under; non discounted cash flow and discounted cash flow. The following list explains them together with their importance and difficulties. Non-Discounted Cash Flow Methods – no time considerations Payback period In this method, the project selected in an array of possible projects to be mounted is the one that gives the shortest period of return on the initial investment. Thus payback period is the number of years required to return the original investment. In an educational organization witnessed, this method is the most used with over 70% preferences – As the organization requires critical decision making urgently in ensuring that variables and project deliverables are dealt with according to the specification from the system analyst. Formula: Payback Period= Investment / Annual Cash Inflows This method is used because; it is very easy to calculate as it involves knowing the equity in a business enterprise and its yearly cash inflows. It emphasizes quick return on investment so that they can be put into use in other places or meet other requirements. On the other hand, it brings some sort of decision conflict as it does not consider post-payback cash flows, time value of money, and risk; moreover, it can lead to wrong decisions being incorporated in the strategic management level making structured decisions. Accounting Rate of Return (ARR) Data from the income report is used. It is a non-discounting cash flow project evaluation method. It is computed by using the following formula. Formula: Accounting Rate of Return=Annual average profits / Average Profits Or Accounting Rate of Return = Increase in expected average operating income / Initial increase in investment. This method is also known as the accrual accounting rate of return, unadjusted rate of return model, and the book value model. It is integrated into its components with Con
In a bid to eliminate medical errors caused by misuse and misinterpretation of directions on drug prescription and another medical document, the Joint Commission in 2004, established a safety standard on the use of abbreviations, acrtiononyms, and symbols (Joint Commission). This safety standard was officially adopted in 2010 when it was made an element of performance in Information Management Standards (Joint Commission). However, these standards do not apply to health information technology systems (Joint Commission). The Joint Commission website lists several abbreviations that should not be used. Errors in medical documentation, as most evidence shows, primarily arise due to poor handwriting of the medical practitioner prescribing the drug or entering medical details. The abbreviations, symbols, and acronyms listed as prone to misinterpretation and officially disallowed are outlined below: The symbol “U” , it is stated, has the potential to cause mixed interpretation the reason being that it can be read as zero (“0”), number four (4), or cc (relates to capacity). This misinterpretation may arise when it is handwritten. It is recommended that full words be used for example “Unit”. IU, the common abbreviation for International Unit is not allowed. Instead full-length word, “international Unit” should be used. IU may be confused for IV to mean intravenous or number ten (“10”) when poorly handwritten. The safety standard also prohibits using medical abbreviations such Q.D., Qd, q.d., qd (daily), Q.O.D., QOD, q.o.d, qod (every other day). The Similar letter arrangement and pattern in these abbreviations may easily confuse the user. In addition, the punctuations used may look very different in case it is handwritten without much consideration. To avoid such errors, it recommended the words “daily” and/or “every other day” be used. Trailing zero, for example in X.0 mg has been dropped in favor of just an integer. The reason cited is that the decimal point may be missed. However, trailing zero is allowed in cases where precision is crucial such as in laboratory tests documentation (Joint Commission). In a similar fashion omitting leading zero (for example. X mg) in medical documentation is no longer allowed. It is required that the zero be included (0. X mg). The abbreviation “MS” should never be used. According to the Joint Commission, this short form can be understood to mean morphine sulfate or magnesium sulfate. To avoid this ambiguity full chemical names should be used, that is, “morphine sulfate” or “magnesium sulfate”. It further states that MSO 4 and MgSO 4 should not be used because they may be “confused for one another” (Joint Commission). Apart from all the above the Joint Commission has listed other error-prone abbreviations, symbols and acronyms for future reviews and possible prohibition. This is the subject of the next paragraph. The use of gr
Globalization is a complex phenomenon that has a big influence on various fields of human life, including economics, society, and culture. Even though trade between countries has existed since time immemorial, in the 21st-century, globalization has become an integral part of the world’s development. While businesses try to expand on a global scale, and countries’ economies are intertwined in the international network, several outcomes occur out of this process. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and evaluate the impact of globalization on the world economy, whether it is good or bad. To achieve this goal, a comprehensive review of the relevant literature will be conducted. The information will be extracted from both primary and secondary sources. The primary sources will include an interview and a chart, while the secondary sources will consist of scholarly articles and books published from the year 2015 forward. The main argument of this research is that even though globalization offers endless business opportunities, it has a number of effects that negatively influence the resources and the economy. Primary Source Data First of all, in order to understand this phenomenon, it is important to define the term “globalization.” Several researchers have conducted a thorough study of this subject. For example, Martell describes globalization as “the intensification of worldwide social relations which link distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away” 1 . It is a complex and multidimensional mechanism that allows a local business subdivision to integrate into the global economic system. The biggest companies of the 21st century are no longer limited to one country; they have become more multinational: businesses from several countries exchange resources, money, data, and employees. Nowadays, international relations are becoming more intense not only in politics but in the economy as well. Moreover, globalization has a significant influence on the distribution of not only skilled and unskilled labor but of capital and labor as well, both locally and globally. The tendencies of this process were analyzed by experts, for example, in the research by Chandy and Seidel, where they presented globalization trends in the form of a chart (Figure 1). Figure 1. Globalization Trends, 1870-20152 The chart above demonstrates how the GDP of the U.S. was changing while the global popul
Introduction: Building a New Facility Stennis Hospital Background Located in DeKalb, MS, the Stennis Memorial Hospital (SMH) is a comparatively small acute care facility with 25 beds. Despite its humble size, the organization has been offering high-quality services to both in- and outpatients. SMH owes a considerable chunk of its success to the Swing Bed Program that has been deployed to improve the quality of care and the proficiency of the staff. However, a closer look at the organization will show that the daycare services, which SMH offers to its inpatients, should be viewed as the primary area of concern at present due to the increasingly large number of inpatients and the need to focus on providing patient-centered services (“The importance of ensuring adequate child care in planning practice”, n.d.). The subject of the SWOT Analysis: Daycare Services By definition, the concept of daycare in the context of a healthcare facility, such as a hospital, implies that the patients staying overnight should be provided with an opportunity to use daycare services for their children (Agbaje, Agu, Umoke, Ekpu, & Orungbe, 2016). Even though SMH offers opportunities for patients as far as temporary care for their children is concerned, there is an urgent need to improve the quality of the identified services so that the patients could recover faster. Indeed, according to the latest studies on the subject matter, the recovery process occurs at a much faster pace once the patient feels completely safe and secure in the hospital setting. In other words, concerns for their children may distract patients from successful recovery and contribute to the development of complications (Lewis & Slobodov, 2015; Pedersen, Pedersen, Bjlsma, & Bungaard, 2013) (see Appendix A). Therefore, the enhancement of daycare services is a matter of considerable urgency. SWOT Analysis and What It Implies Mission Statement: Innovative Services for the Community The mission of SMH is rather simple, yet it has the importance and gravity that makes it a powerful foundation for the organization’s functioning. According to the official statement of the hospital’s leaders and staff, SMH strives to deploy innovative approaches into its practice. Therefore, SMH focuses on delivering the healthcare services of the finest quality. Situational Assessment: What Needs to Be Borne in Mind While the goal of providing daycare facilities as the means of boosting the process of patients’ recovery and saving them a significant amount of troubles and stress is admittedly noble, there might be a few impediments on the way to change (Waltham, 2015). As the overview of the existing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and strengths of the organization shows, SMH will have to alter the current marketing strategy so that the daycare services could be branded and promoted successfu
In his presentation at TED talk, James Veitch shares his hilarious experience of communicating with spammers. His speech, gestures, and visual aids are entertaining and grasp the audience’s attention. James’ speech is very effective and memorable. The most amusing thing about the speech is James’ verbal techniques. He uses various intonation patterns, applies pauses to keep the listeners in suspense, and makes his presentation very animated and colorful. The speaker’s non-verbal communication is vigorous and adds up to his tone in the way of getting the listeners excited about what he has to say. He accompanies his presentation with a lot of gestures, and he keeps visual contact with the audience all of the time. He does not let anyone stay indifferent or bored. Moreover, he adds up an amusing funny detail – a photo of him as a child and a current picture showing how he fights with boredom and annoyance. James’ written skills are revealed through preparing his speech and through the pieces of emails he presented during his presentation. His writing manner is accurate and filled with figures of speech which create an overall comic impression. James employs a lot of irony in his writing, producing an effect of laughter and making the audience sympathize with the main points of his speech. When communicating with the spammers, James writes short messages filled with ironic content which they fail to understand. And their failure makes the situation even more comic. James makes three key points in his presentation. Firstly, when the person is bored, he/she seeks ways to entertain himself. Secondly, when the person’s right for being undisturbed is violated, one needs to fight for getting that right back. Finally, when one d
Introduction Sexual violence is a widespread phenomenon and crime throughout the world. Despite its frequency in the world, in most countries, the vice has not been well researched. However, available data shows that at least one in four females may encounter sexual aggression by a close colleague while up to one-third of teenage girls report that their initial sexual encounter involved the use of force. Sexual violence has a serious negative physical and mental health impact on the perpetrators. In addition to the substantial risk of physical injury, it is also highly linked to an increased risk of sexual and reproductive health problems (Brennan & Taylor-Butts, 2008). Further, it leads to both short-term and long-term consequences on the victim. The mental health impact may be as long-lasting as the physical impact (Marshall, Laws, & Barbaree, 2013). Deaths may also occur because of suicide, HIV infection, or murder during the sexual assault or as a “murder of honor” on the victim to remove shame from the family. Victims may also face social problems through stigmatization and being ostracized by their families and other members of society. In a marriage setting, coerced sex is the most common form of sexual violence. It may lead to gratification on the part of the perpetrator although its main purpose is often an expression of dominance over the victim (Meier & Nicholson‐Crotty, 2006). Often, men who coerce their wives into having sex believe that they have a right because they are married to the women. During periods of confrontation, rape against males and females is often deployed as a means of combat against the opponent through the characterizing of the invasion and the dilapidation of detained opponent troops. It is also used as a punishment against women for doing acts that violate social or moral codes such as dress codes, drunkenness in public, or adultery among others. Definition of Sexual Violence and Rape According to Ullman (2010), sexual violence is defined as any sexual act, unwanted sexual comments or advances, attempt to obtain a sexual act, or acts directed against a person’s sexuality using coercion. The sexual acts may occur to a person regardless of the relationship with the perpetrator in any setting including the home, work, field, or any other space. However, this definition is because of a long evolution process over the years since the rise of the anti-rape movement in the United States in the 1970s. Marshall et al. (2013) confirm the widespread misconception that rape occurs when a stranger using overwhelming force attacks a woman. Such a definition implies that boys or men and girls or adolescents cannot be raped. Further, it implies that a person cannot be raped by someone known to him or her and that forced anal or oral sex cannot be categorized as rape (Meier & Nicholson‐Crotty, 2006). It is for the above misconceptions and differing opinions on the definition of rape that attempts to
Annotated List of Books and Articles Gothberg, H. (1991). Time Management in Public Libraries: A Study of Public Libraries. Public Libraries, 30 (6), 350–377 The author of this article discusses various procedures, established in public libraries. This study shows how public administrators can make the work of public libraries more time-efficient. Kinnell, M., & MacDougall, J. (1992). Marketing Public Library Services – Opportunities For Change. Library Management, 13 (4), 22–32 This study explains the role of the marketing strategies in public libraries. Furthermore, it shows how the administrators of these organizations can make their services more attractive to the readers. Nichols, J. (2005). PILOT payments: a potential revenue source for public libraries. The Bottom Line, 18 (4), 163–166 In this article Jerry Nichols identifies the sources of revenue for public libraries. He also proposes strategies which can make public libraries more independent of government funding. Nitecki, D. (1996). Changing the concept and measure of service quality in academic libraries. The Journal of Academic Librarianship , 181–190 The key argument, advanced by Danuta Nitecki, is that public libraries should pay more attention to the assessment of service quality. The scholar believes that the library administrators should look at this problem from readers’ point of view since this is the best way of identifying the defects in the organizational structure. Mullins, J., & Linehan, M. (2006). Are public libraries led or managed? Library Review, 55 (3), 237–248 The authors of this article discuss the common difficulties, faced by modern public libraries. In particular, they focus on lack of motivation and leadership skills, slow decision-making, and poor teamwork; moreover, the researchers attempt to uncover the underlying cause of these difficulties. Park, C. (2005). Harris County Public Library: Creating a design paradigm for twenty-first century libraries. The Bottom Line, 18 (4), 167–174 Catherine Park proposes a model which can make public more oriented to the needs of readers. Furthermore, the author shows how time management in these institutions can be improved. Proctor, R., & Simmons, S. (2000). Public library closures: The management of hard decisions. Library Management , 25–30 This article explains how the reasons why many public libraries are closed by the government. The scholars argue that in many cases, they can be explained by poor quality of services and subsequent refusal of readers to use the services of this organization. Usherwood, R. C. (2007). Professional values in a bureaucratic structure. Library Review , 666–673 Robert Usherwood discusses the impact of bureaucratic culture of t