ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Media Selection and Content Media Selection and Account Planning For advertising, two social networking services were chosen: Facebook and Twitter. The selection decision was based on the availability of media (which determines potential reach), simplicity of use, and feedback capabilities (Levinson, 2014). First of all, Facebook and Twitter are among the most popular social networking services in the world with millions of users. It was expected at the advertising planning stage that most members of the target audience, i.e. persons eligible for joining the club, have access to either or both services. Moreover, it was expected that they check their Facebook accounts or Twitter accounts or both for notifications and updates at least once a day, using social networking for their purposes as well as studying- or profession-related purposes. Second, advertising media should be simple and convenient for advertisers to post advertisements and for audiences to access them. In this regard, Facebook and Twitter provide vast opportunities, as the content can be easily created, accessed, and shared from anywhere where there is an Internet connection. Finally, it was recognized from the very beginning that an important component of communication in general and advertising in particular in the modern world is feedback. Messages should not be merely conveyed to targets; instead, targets should respond, interact with the advertisers as well as among each other, and thus promote advertising messages and demonstrate their attitudes and needs, which should be taken into consideration by advertisers when creating new content in the future. For this campaign, accounts were created on Facebook and Twitter to not only convey content to targets but also manage advertising efforts on a higher level by attracting new audiences and managing communication. Managing communication involves constant monitoring of how certain advertisements are received and responded to and reacting to what Facebook and Twitter users have to say about conveyed advertisements. The two selected social networking services are also convenient in terms of tracking progress and success: it is possible to obtain statistics and analytics on how posts are received and promoted (see Results of the Advertising Campaign), which allows evaluating the effectiveness of advertising efforts. Content The tagline of the National Society of Leadership and Success (NSLS) is “Empowering, motivating, and inspiring students to their utmost potential.” All the advertisements created and distributed by the NSLS pursue following this pivotal theme. A press release issued on February 7, 2017, guests to the NSLS 2017 Orientation that would feature international guest speakers. A quote by the Brand Manager Daniel Lim was written in a separate block
Introduction Although there is no concise definition of Capitalism, but the way China has encompassed capitalism since 1990 is exemplary to the universal economic system. It is said by many capitalist philosophers and politicians that Capitalism and democracy go hand in hand. China has not only in this context been able to maintain a successful capitalist system but also been able to prove the above notion wrong by surviving successfully without democracy. Chinese people experience authoritarian regime. According to the Western democratic concepts, Capitalism in China emerged as a threat which challenged sovereignty and autonomy on one hand while making the Chinese Government accountable on the other (Scott, 2008). Main Text In order to introduce capitalism and to be a global market power, China borrowed economic theories from capitalist countries, but incorporated them ‘on its own terms’, leaving the communist government in control. Ramey (1998) mentions in his article that this way the capitalist economy assigned the government role of ‘chief executive officer’ and ‘controlling shareholder’ of the economy and its enterprises (Ramey, 1998). Being a communist nation, the working class in China surprised the world by their lack of support for the communist regimes that seemed to be giving them what they had always wanted, that is guaranteed secure jobs, pensions, vacations, family benefits, health benefits, limited working hours, and so on. Although the working class appreciated the security, safety net, and welfare state programs provided by the communist regimes, but it remained unable to overcome the negative factors that were inherent in the working class life-style in communist societies. Chinese people marked the negative features of communism, particularly workers, if they had job security, they lacked in having much job choice. They were placed by government officials into jobs that officials need to fill and if the workers were unhappy with this, there is little they could do. Workers also resented the lack of ability to move to areas of the nation, or neighbourhoods in a district, which they would prefer. Of course, many workers were contented to stay where they were, but many wanted capitalist society where more freedom of movement was to be followed. In an overcrowded and overpopulated nation such as China, restricting the movement of workers was not a thoroughly irrational policy. There was a threat to the Government that if many workers crowded the bigger cities, such as Shanghai and Beijing, the emergence of giant slums would occur. Therefore barring this phenomenon, however, many workers preferred at least some freedom of movement within the
Introduction The general movement for women’s right laid some efforts for women to vie for elective posts and take part in polls. The struggle for women suffrage augmented in the middle of the nineteenth century with the establishment of diverse associations. The organizations were evident in Britain, United States of America and other world nations. The ICW (International Council of Women) came into existence owing to the formation of the leading global women’s rights group. The formation of the International Council of Women occurred in the year 1888. In the fiscal 1904, women activists formed IWSA (International Women Suffrage Alliance). These women activists launched IWSA following their apprehension that ICW was very disinclined. These women included the chief women’s rights campaigners, the US and British advocates for women’s rights like Catt Carrie and Fawcett Millicent respectively 1 . History denotes that the fight for women’s rights started with English speaking people. The expedition for women rights actively expanded in the nineteenth century with the steady increase in men’s suffrage in several states. Within New Zealand, the realization of female’s rights at countrywide stages appeared to be in anticipation up to the financial year 1893. The year 1902 came with the increase in women suffrage in Australia. However, women in Canada, Britain and United States had to wait until the closing stages of the First World War to embrace similar rights. The primal apprehension of women’s rights movement was to make the status of women equal to that of their male counterparts. The movements aspired to achieve this quest via the formation of lawmaking bodies intended to prevent sex chauvinism 2 . The European women’s suffrage New Zealand as a British independent protectorate was the initial nation to endow women with national voting rights. This came in the late 1893 when the Electoral Bill was passed. Similarly, women in South Australia cuddled suffrage that allowed them to vie for parliamentary seats and vote in the year 1894. The national suffrage in Australia took place in 1902 following the 1901 federation of women. Nonetheless, it was pending until the fiscal 1949 when the aboriginal people of Australia gained women suffrage and entitlement to participate in national elections. Later in the fiscal 1962, outstanding constraints that barred women from voting culminated after women’s rights came into existence. In the twentieth century, certain states in the US including Finland, Britain, and Sweden granted limited voting rights to women shortly after New Zealand had enacted such a bill. Several suffrage associations turned to support warfare during the onset of the 1914 First World War. However, the struggle for suffrage continued under countless organizational activists. Women gave further impetus to the suffrage of their rights. They revolutionized the paramount notion on activities that could be under the control of women. Indeed, women took part in numerous activities that were usually meant for men due to the scarcity of workforce during the warfare. As a result, ladies could get elective seat
Introduction Different scholars define art from different perspectives. The definitions depend on the academic and professional orientation of the scholar. However, many scholars agree that art as a concept can be defined as a wide range of human activities as well as the products borne from this diversification of activities. Shelley, Frankenstein, Bennett & Nicholai (2003) are of the view that the term may be used to describe visible and invisible creations of artists that range from tangible items such as artifacts to intangible items such as poems and songs. Design on the other hand refers to the convention or plan used in the construction of an object. It is noted that it is an important aspect of art. In other words, the two concepts are inextricably intertwined. Design can also refer to the process of creating a plan. There is thus a great correlation between art and design. An artist must use specific criteria or designs while assembling their work of art. Definition of Terms Modernism The term modernism is generally used to describe the emergence of modern thoughts, characters, and practices. In the context of art and design, modernism can be used to describe the emergence of these aspects in the world of arts. Many philosophers refer to this phenomenon as the ‘modernist movement arts’ (Cronin & Beckett, 2001). Changes in the work of art produced can be closely associated with changes in the culture of western societies. Modernism is very much evident in Samuel Beckett’s ‘ Waiting for Godot’. This is for example when Vladimir takes Pozzo to task for mistreating his slave. The author of the play does not support slavery as is the case in the western world and most civilized societies. Phatic Phatic is the process through which someone performs social tasks only as opposed to conveying information using social actions (Beckett, 2006). This aspect is also evident in Samuel Beckett’s ‘ Waiting for Godot’. For example , Lucky plays a rather quiet role in the play. At first, Lucky rarely mutters a word to the other characters. However, this is explained later when the character is depicted as dumb. The author of the play has used Lucky to show the behavioral traits of other characters. It is through Lucky that the author has successfully displayed Pozzo’s nasty attitude and arrogance as well as Estragon’s good nature. This is especially so in the scene where he attempts to wipe off tears from Lucky’s face. The Uncanny The uncanny is a concept used to describe a situation where something or an idea appears to be somewhat familiar and yet strange to an individual. The ide
Human are endowed with the ability to multitask, thanks to their unique brains. Have you ever imagined what life would be if humans lacked the ability to swiftly and flawlessly shift their attention from one task to another? We would be unable to chat while cooking or listen to music while we type a document. In a nutshell, our way of life would crush to a depressing halt. However, as aptly suggested by Maggie Jackson in her article titled Multitasking, the Effects: A Culture Less Thoughtful, Less Productive, Less Creative, humans pay a dear price when they multitask. This is because multitasking stalls the ability to learn and understand. Although we accomplish many tasks at the same time, we know less (Jackson 1). Our cognitive abilities diminish the more tasks we do and switch between them. This paper will present arguments to support Maggie’s assertion that multitasking compromises our ability to think and learn. Human have always been multitasking since time immemorial. However, the underlying problem is that humans are constantly on a multitasking mode. Our daily activities have been magnified by an array of interconnected gadgets that frequently barrage us with bits of trivial data that disrupt our train of thoughts. Consequently, humans spent less time to their attentive and calmer modes of thoughts that have constantly given wealth to their culture and intellectual skills (the modes of thoughts that entail meditation, concentration, reflection and introspect). The less time we engage in these patterns of mind, the more we are likely to lose them all (Jackson 1). There is no doubt that humans are extremely industrious in many areas. For example, we are able to read emails and clear items from our ever growing to-do lists in a matter of seconds. We are able to solve many problems in split seconds. Consequently, according to the Families and Work Institute, approximately 30% employees complain they are very busy hence cannot afford time to reflect on what they do. According to Harvard Business School, many workers experience frustration, stress and lower artistic quality as a result of escalating levels of interruptions. Ironically, one study has shown that people who regularly multitask cannot focus on important things compared to people who
In what ways were the crises of imperialism, war, and economics both the cause and the result of changes in the degree of global community between 1870 and 1945? Imperialism constitutes the act of using state policies, practice and advocacy of extending power and rule by acquiring extra territories or dominating others politically and economically. From history we can attest to the fact that most of the times, imperialism involved power and domination over others and thus the use of force was a major factor. In many cases, the term imperialism has been used by activists and other parties in denouncing foreign policies, which seeks to control the way the less developed or the less powerful operate in an environment. Some of these policies are either harsh or conditional. The United States of America has for a long time been accused of imperialism since it intervenes with the affairs of other countries in order to protect their own interests thus in relation to this, many economists have argued that imperialism is the justified result for survival struggle among people. It can also be used as a means of ensuring security, political or economical. Imperialism can also be used as a means of liberating people from dictatorial and tyrannical rule. The period between 1870 -1945 is often described as the apex of development of free competition in the history of modern capitalism. By the year 1870, those against capitalism observed that the once adored form of pure capitalism was slowly changing to a monopolistic type of capitalism. This form of capitalistic development was not only expressed within the United States of America but also internationally in the form imperialism. This went to the extent of Lenin the then former Russian president to describe capitalism as a monster, which was being transformed into imperialism slowly. Before 1920, the ownership and management of large firms was centralized to a few rich individuals who managed the production, secured the material needed and even did the marketing. Most of the big enterprises were owned by few rich people such as Oil Company but the events of the two World Wars and the successful revolution of the Bolsheviks revolution helped in ending the phase on monopoly capitalism and transformed the existing capitalism into US dominated oligopoly capitalism (Pinkston, 2008). This wave of imperialism by the United States of America motivated the industrial nations to conquer new territories in the aim of increasing their economic dominance. These territories which expanded from South America, Africa to Asia were used as a source of resources for these industrial nations. As the economies competed and grew, tension grew among these countries as they tried to overdo each other. The expansion and the competition for territories led to the growth and globalization of the world economy but the tension between the economies was still present as was experienced during the scramble and partitioning of Africa and Asia. At the end of the portioning of the colonies some European powers felt short changed and the
Position    Against the proposition that development of drug treatment for obesity will become the development of choice over exercise and diet                                                                                                                                 Reasons     Seriousness of illness requires multidisciplinary approach; obesity is largely a lifestyle disease; ineffectiveness of the drugs, i.e., only for short-term benefits; side-effects and complications of drugs involved; development of drugs still in infancy phase Standpoint  Integrated or multidisciplinary approach best suited to combat the illness; exercises, diet, lifestyle modifications; and drugs should be integrated into one treatment strategy for obesity                                                                         By any standards, obesity represents fundamental health challenges, not only to the industrialized nations but also to the developing world. Reliable sources reveal that an estimated 26 percent of the adult population in the U.S. is presently obese, and a further 35 percent of the population within the adult category is at least fairly overweight (Melanson et al, 2003). A more alarming disclosure, however, is the fact that prevalence rates of obesity in children and adolescents have increased twofold over the past 20 years. As such, concerted strategies targeting the management of the particular disease continue to be proposed by medical professionals and other stakeholders in the hope that an amicable solution will be realized. However, to the dismay of many, a variety of intervention strategies developed to date seems incapable of arresting the situation, and in other instances, the interventions’ efficacy is severely limited. This paper purposes to argue against the proposition that the development of drug treatment methodologies for obesity will become the treatment of choice over other strategies such as exercise and diet. The value and efficacy of drug treatment for obesity, including the use of Pharmacogenomics, cannot be put into question. Over the past couple of years, researchers have discovered a multitude of genes that have a great impact on the metabolic procedures governing weight. According to Hardy & Dhurandher (2003), “…a better understanding of the physiology of energy conservation and expenditure, appetite satiety, the fat cell, regional fat deposition, and nutrient portioning has opened doors that should lead to new approaches to the treatment of obesity” (p. 106). As such, the d
Like many other areas of life, music has changed along with society. The period between 1959 and 1963 was transitional, and at least two distinct markets emerged in the music industry (Covach and Flory 112). The first one was defined by the new generation of teenagers who favored dance music (Covach and Flory 113). The second market consisted of former rock and rollers who preferred folk music associated with social, political, and economic issues (Covach and Flory 113). Folk had a long history of addressing problems within American society, and its music appeared to be more dedicated to the community than commercial pop (Covach and Flory 118-119). Folk performers appealed to the audience and represented people rather than being above them (Covach and Flory 119). Almost anyone could play folk, as the music was simple and required a few easy guitar accords (Covach and Flory 119). Thus, the idea spread of folk being “for the people and by the people” (Covach and Flory 119-120). The concept was related to the music and the people’s ideologies, as the singers and the audience, united by social issues, expressed their concerns through songs. As folk was the music of people, it was also a movement characterized by many important figures. The Weavers consisted of traditional performers such as Peete Seeger and were one of the most significant folk groups in the US (Covach and Flory 119). The Weavers focused on societal problems and prioritized the simplicity of the music, gaining an audience among college students (Covach and Flory 119). At the beginning of the 1960s, The Kingston Trio was the most popular group that started the folk revival in the mainstream pop market (Covach and Flory 119-120). The Kingston Trio’s pop-sensitive approach was favored by the public and defined folk music for many general listeners (Covach and Flory 120-121). Considerable singers have represented folk music, supporting the movement of addressing issues within society. Work Cited Covach, John Rudolph, and Andrew Flory. What’s that Sound? An Introduction to Rock and its History . 5th ed., WW Norton & Company, 2018.