ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
This is an age that came into been for many years following the culture that existed at that time. It was a bronze age that took place in Crete times when there were earthquakes that affected the place, and this civilization could not be easily traced as it was coiled by other ages in that time. During this time, an eruption occurred where many were affected, and they had to move from such places in fear that there may occur another eruption to cover them completely. These Minoans had goddesses the once they worshipped and had believed on such images to be the provider and giver of everything that they required, and in times of distress, they consulted this goddess for help, and all were answered to them as they had a strong belief on it. There were weapons that were used for war in times of crisis, and therefore people lived in fear of been affected at any moment, and that is the reason why they had these weapons, and their warfare was low as they had no time to make things work rightly. There was a strong influence of the Minoan palace culture that was greatly affected by the earthquakes that took place in that area most of the time, and therefore it became hard as the palaces were destroyed, so the Minoans had to seek refuge from other areas that seemed safer. These people were involved in the trade of products made of copper, tin and Cyprus. Therefore, the decline of the civilization was in favour of superior iron tools. The trade on the saffron left behind few materials, and it inherited the trade on the pre-dated civilization where a sense of its reward may be gained by comparing it with pepper, and more emphasis is on the durable items of trade that includes: the ceramics, tin and the copper. ( Richard, 1994) The Minoans used language that was limited because there is no clear record of the exact language due to the fact that these Minoans were mixed up with other groups that had languages that were closely related to theirs. Therefore it became hard to differentiate their language from that of others. The collection of the Minoan art can be seen in the shores of the Crete where their remains of the material culture that is the ceramic styles and this gives the description in its culture as the (EM, MM, and LM) and the most surviving art are the pottery, the landscapes, stone carvings and the carved seal stones. Their ceramics were characterized by linear patterns of spirals, triangles, curved lines and crosses that made the differentiation from other products made by other bordering groups. The palace was characterized by strong geometric simplification that was from the natural shapes and paintings that existed during that middle period. The Minoans are believed to have been performing the human sacrifice, and this can be traced in the
Article purpose The purpose of the article is to measure the extent to which development and training influence the productivity at private sector sugar mills. Training is seen as one of the most important tools for equipping employees with abilities and knowledge to do their job (Mathur & Agarwal 2276). Evaluating the work requirements at private sector sugar mills in terms of activities involved in obtaining and maintaining both skills and equipment. Since the abilities of workers directly impact their productivity, the investment in training is seen as crucial. Goal of the article The primary goal of the article is ensuring the availability of both skilled and willing workforce at organizations.   * Research question I: how can development and training help workers to achieve personal goals?   * Research question II: how training and development enhance the contribution of workers to their organi
Introduction This project will open an interesting and so unusual for the American people world of Russian culture and will overview the cultural background of one of my colleagues of Russian origin. Based on the Purnell Model for Cultural Competence, I will evaluate the cultural implications that may have consequences for her health and wellbeing. This project will also serve as a handout for a health care professional who happens to welcome a patient of this cultural background. Interviewee’s Background For the given task, I have selected one of my colleagues. N.B. comes from Russia. She currently stays in Homestead, Florida, and works in the community hospital next to this area. She moved to the United States as a teenager due to the economic crisis in Russia in 1998. She has acquired a Doctoral degree in medicine and completed a residency program in internal medicine and cardiology. Interviewee’s Cultural and Communication Patterns N.B.’s original language is Russian. She is bilingual and possesses advanced skills in English usage. Nevertheless, she tends to formulate some of her thoughts in English in a way closer to her original language. N.B.’s cultural communication patterns refer to contemporary urban communication patterns (Moran, Abramson, & Moran, 2014). She is a pragmatic and business-oriented person with excellent cultural skills. Her temporal relationships in this cultural group are strong. She supports strong connections with her family and friends in the country of birth, and actively socializes with her fellow countrymen here in Florida and other states. The format for names she is using fully resembles the local format. She introduces herself with her name transliterated into English. Family Roles and Organization of the Cultural Group N.B. has a strong respect for family values. Her family consists of her husband and two children, the twins. Father is the head of the family, and the interviewee supports him in his activities aiming to provide for the family. The husband is the main bread-winner in the family. The children have a strong respect for their parents; they also support strong connections with their grandmothers and grandfathers who stay both in the United States and Russia. Based on the findings made by Samovar, Porter, McDaniel, and Roy (2014), N.B.’s family can be evaluated as a traditional Russian family. Overview of Lifestyle and Workforce Issues N.B. is striving to lead a healthy lifestyle and does her best to help her family members promote t
Introduction In the fast-paced contemporary world, individuals are compelled to grapple with a variety of mental pressures as they undertake their day-to-day activities. Consequently, mental illnesses and other psychological disorders have become prevalent across the world. This development has made psychological testing and assessment an essential element of healthcare. However, contrary to the notion that only people who are suspected of mental illness are the ones who require psychological testing and assessment, those who think they are mentally healthy also need to undergo this process. This need stems from the fact that psychological testing does not only provide a basis for the diagnosis of mental illness, but also provides a basis for understanding individual behavior, personality differences, and gauging people’s abilities (Kessler, 2009). Therefore, this essay explores the concept of psychological testing and assessment in a bid to find out how counselors select the kind of psychological tests to administer, the factors they consider when doing so, and how they evaluate the appropriateness of the selected tests. What resources are available to assist counselors in selecting psychological tests and/or assessments? As already pointed out, psychological tests are important and are a significant influence on the lives of individuals. More often than not, the type of psychological test selected determines the outcome of treatment. Therefore, choosing inappropriate tests can easily jeopardize the overall objective of the test (Cohen, Swerdlik & Sturman, 2013). It is, therefore, imperative that counselors adopt a practice of cautiously weighing options prior to selecting a psychological test to administer to a client. According to Greene (2011), multiple resources are at the disposal of counselors for use in the selection of appropriate psychological tests. Outlined below are a few examples. Client’s past records This resource offers useful information about a client’s history. As a result, counselors should always use it before selecting a psychological test. The importance of a client’s history during the selection of psychological tests stems from the fact that it tells whether the client had previously undergone any psychological examination (Greene, 2011). Such information helps psychologists to avoid repetition of similar tests, as the results are unlikely to yield new information (Foster, 2010). Relevant publications A sizable body of literature exists on this subject. Therefore, counselors should strive to ensure that they refer to the most relevant literature since some of the publications focus on specific areas of psychological testing. For example, Greene (2011) identifies the Mental Measurements Yearbook , Tests: A Comprehensive Reference for Assessment in Psychology, Education, and Business , and Measures for Clinical Practice: A Sourcebook as landmark publications that counselors can refer to when selecting a psychological test to administer. Since most health-related publications are evidence-based, they can effectively serve this purpose. Referral information Counselors can als
During winter 1880-1881, Claude Monet, the founder of French impressionist painting, painted seven bouquets of different flowers: Dahlias, Mallows, Asters, Jerusalem Artichoke flowers, Chrysanthemums, Red Chrysanthemums and Sunflowers. The current paper focuses on the Bouquet of Sunflowers (1881) painting that represents an alternative to expensive flowers but offers the same satisfaction. The Bouquet of Sunflowers is an oil on canvas (39-3/4×32-1/8 inches) housed at The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. As the painting is an example of impressionism movement the general characteristic of the latter should be given. Impressionism in painting is the late 19th-century French school that attempted to depict transitory visual impressions, often painted directly from natural world, and by the use of pure, broken color to achieve brilliance and luminosity (Impressionism, in Painting, 2007, p. 23645). Impressionist artists paint the ordinary scenes that lie in front of them. The Impressionists were interested in everyday sights found on nearby streets, in the quiet countryside or inside cafes and theaters. They usually completed a work on a single occasion, unlike most painters of the time who first made sketches and then went back to their studios to complete a picture. The Impressionists focused attention on the light effects – the way light was reflected from objects, rather than on the solidness of the shapes themselves (Hubbard, 2001, p. 23). The painting under consideration depicts a vase of sunflowers on the table. Oil paint is put on the canvas in short strokes, with little color mixing. The bright unmixed colors that prevail are green, orange and red. In spite of the shade that the vase casts the painting completely lacks black and gray tones. The shade and the voluminousness of the vase and the sunflowers give an impression that one sees it with one’s eyes. Personally I when look at the picture become filled with joy. I remember at once different occasions when I presented a bouquet to somebody or was presented with it myself. Looking at the picture I start to realize that no extraordinary flower can be as natural and real as sunflowers. They seem to absorb the sun energy and now share it with the viewer. For me this bouquet of sunflowers represents something clear and bright, something that, intentionally or unintentionally, one strives for. Through the use of colors that nature is full of and the accents made on the light that illuminates every flower the painter managed to present the bouquet as the gift of nature, or to be more exact, the gift of the sun itself. The painting is intended for the viewer to think over the importance of nature in people’s life. Apart from the well-known truths about the role of nature the latter can also touch the deepest corners of t
Learning/Growth          Internal Business Processes                          Customer Service                 Financial                                    New Products Introduced                              Number of Products Per Customer                      Employee Training hours  Sales calls to Potential Customers                   Customer Satisfaction            Loan Balances       Employee Satisfaction    Thank you Calls/cards to new and existing customers  Customer Retention               Deposit Balances    Employee Turn Over       Referrals                                            New Loans Created                Non-interest income                          Cross Sells                                          Number of New Customers                                                                                                            New Accounts                                          Table 1: Balanced Score Card for the Southern Division. Cause and effect Chain 1 Causal Chain Explanation When the employees of Tri-Cities Community Bank (TCCB) are satisfied due to knowledge gained during training, their performance will improve and because of this, there will be increase the number of calls made to potential and exciting customers, which will in turn increase the number of products per customer. Moreover, customers will open new accounts and the bank will be able to retain its customer base. The increased number of products per customer and new accounts opened will lead increase in the non-interest income, increase in deposits by customers and improved loan balances. Cause and effect Chain 2 Causal Chain Explanation According to (Wentland, 2007, p.77) when employees are well trained for the job, their skills match the job requirement which increases the employee’s ability to perform the job efficiently and effectively and in turn reduce employee turnover rate. Reduced turn over rate will enable the bank to increase the number of referrals made to customers, thank you calls to existing and new employees, and number of cross sales made. This phenomenon will in turn lead to increased number of loans created, new customers and number of accounts opened. Eventually the bank will increase its non-interest income, increase in deposits by customers, and improve loan balances.         Loan Balance  Deposit Balance  Non-Interest Income Branch  (millions)    (millions)       (millions)                  $             $                $                   A       3.4           11.5             65                  B       9             3.1              29                  C       7.6           12.3             55                  D       1.6           6.4
Introduction Pinto’s case is one of the cases that highlight on decision making within a company, or an organization. Organizations are usually faced with many instances and there is a need to balance the consumers’ desired products as well as providing the product that fits the users’ needs. The case of pinto is one good example of how ethics of an organization can be compromised. To start with, the management does not follow the ethics that their work requires them to have. After carrying out the testing and confirming that there was a risk and not doing anything about it is an indication of such. As professionals, managers owe it to the organization as well as the society to produce products that are of good quality and safe to use. The dilemma that hit the management because Pinto’s space was being reduced in case the oil tank was to be shifted to different area of the vehicle led to the decision being arrived at, though the decision was against the law of the land. The reason Ford decided to continue manufacturing the product in question, though the testing was not on favor of putting the oil tank in the particular position that would lead to a risk of bursting in collision was entirely due to fear of how the sales were to be affected by such a move. In this case, the manager’s decision was entirely considering the market and the profits the company was to get for maintaining the oil tank in that particular position (Trevino & Nelson, 2007). The decision entirely ignored the fact that the consumers were to be affected by the decision of not making the changes necessary to make the product safe. Such a move is unethical as it compromises the market in the long run. It took a few accidents for the decision to affect the profits the company was planning to get, and the company had to incur cost of recalling back the vehicles they had produced as they were deemed risky to the customers. The quality of a product makes it have an edge in the market. In the case of Pinto, the size of the product is one of the things that made them have control of the market for small cars. The fear of the unknown, in this case the changes on the space, led them to make a decision that was to haunt them in future (DeGeorge, 2010). Having a Pinto car with a small size to them was not a risk they were willing to take. In turn, this made them act in unethical manner where they compromised the safety of the consumers, for the risk of losing market on the product. The profit to be realized also affected the decision to be arrived at on the case. It is usually the desire of each and every organization to realize the highest possible profits from the sale of their goods. The same case applied for the Ford Company. The fact they are out to make profit led them decide to have a car that was not safe in a case of collision, which would still maintain the profit level they were experiencing. T
Lenin, analyzing the connection between capitalism and conflict had noted that capitalism had five basic features; 1) the concentration of production and capital to a level where it creates monopolies,2) the merging of bank and industrial capital to create a ‘financial capital’, 3) the need for export of that capital to generate profits, 4) the formation of international monopolists organizations to make the generation of profits happen,5) and finally the division of the ‘territory’ by the capitalist monopolies to continue reaping the profits 1 . Thus Lenin reasoned that for a capitalist nation to continue to become prosperous, subjugation of the rest of the world to serve as their sources of raw material, which is nothing but imperialism was a natural and logical process. Imperialism as Doyle notes “was a rational strategy to enhance security, prestige, and interests (trade, population, territory, resources) when the costs of conquest were less than the gain” 2 . Since capitalism always persevered to maximize profits where the efforts were always to seek gains over costs, imperialism was nothing but the highest stage of capitalism. This pursuit of profits has given rise to a world system of colonial subjugation and financial strangulation of the overwhelming majority of the people by a handful of capitalist ‘advanced’ countries who even if they have alliances are predisposed to use coercion to achieve their national interests. These alliances are nothing but temporary truce which is maintained till such time the clash of interests does not become a serious loss of profit. As a result, capitalists are most likely to clash over their pursuit of profits and political advantage 3 . Since the discovery of oil in the desert wastelands of the Middle East, the region has remained at the center of geopolitical focus and strife. Oil, to a large extent, outlines the region’s importance to the United States. The National Energy Policy (2001) of the United States enunciates that US energy consumption over the next decade will outstrip its domestic production and that in 2020; US oil production would supply less than 30 percent of the US oil needs 4 . Oil accounts for nearly 40 percent of the US energy need and it accounts for 89 percent of net US energy imports 5 . Oil drives almost 100% of the transportation industry in the US and of course its means to global power – the US military. Thus, oil companies, public and private invariably get tied to a country’s national security. Iraq’s geo-strategic importance to the US lies in its oil reserves. The Economist reports that “Iraq’s proven reserves, of 115 billion barrels, are the world’s third-largest after Saudi Arabia and Iran” 6 . Militarily, Iraq was considered ‘doable’ as the US had previously defeated Iraq in Gulf war I. A BBC news night report claimed that the decision to invade Iraq was also based on the intent on using Iraqi oil to destroy the OPEC cartel through massive increases in production above OPEC quotas 7 . In the months leading up to the actual invasion, Saddam Hussein had reportedly been threatening to convert Iraq’s oil
Mexico’s Economy The Mexican Gross domestic product measured in purchasing power parity in 2006 was estimated at $1.34 trillion and $10,600 per capita of Gross Domestic Product. Since then, GDP has been growing though at a slow rate of 4.8 per annum. The inflation rate was been measured at 3% in 2007 using to Consumer price index and has since grown due to the global food crisis witnessed in 2008 that saw prices of commodities surging upwards. The labor force has recorded 45.38 million people with human development index reported at 0.829 and an education index at 0.86. The unemployment rate as of 2007 was recorded as 3.7% with poverty levels estimated at 13.5% of the total population. The exchange rate as of December 31, 2008, was 13.93MXN per 1 USD however, with the deteriorating economic performance of the US economy; it has continued gaining value against the dollar. The government budget is estimated to be the US $ 196.5 Billion (revenue) with a public debt of 20.7% of GDP and external debt of $ 178.3 Billion in 2006. Chile’s Economy Chile’s GDP measured in purchasing power parity was estimat
The aim of the study was to establish optimal levels of pressure and temperature in driving the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (FTS), while utilizing the Co/SiO 2 catalyst. The need to study the process emerged from earlier findings that showed immature termination of the reaction. Formation of Cobalt silicates, as well as high water partial pressures, quickly led to catalyst deactivation, stopping the reaction. Conducting the reaction using other catalysts yielded different results, promoting the formation of undesirable species of hydrocarbons. As an example, long chain hydrocarbons resulted when FTS occurred in the presence of Cobalt single crystals. In this model study, Yan et al (196) sought to identify optimal conditions that would enable usage of cobalt particles on silicon oxide for industrial application in the manufacture of fuel hydrocarbons. Such application would counter the dependence on crude oil and probably, provide an alternative fuel source. In addition, Cobalt catalysts yield better results when compared against the commonly used iron catalysts. Methodology The researchers used a modified commercial PHI 5500 system. The system comprised of chambers for surface analysis, preparation and a high pressure cell. The surface analysis served the function of cleaning and characterization of the samples. The chamber consisted of a differential ion gun, dual Mg/Al anode X-ray source, as well as a hemispherical energy analyzer. Stainless steel material made up the 0.2 Liter high pressure cell. It played the role of a batch reactor and ensured maintenance of ultra-high vacuum conditions during the reaction. A Tantalum foil held the silicon oxide gel, which was formed by evaporating Silicon in the presence of oxygen at a bar pressure of 1.3 x 10 -8 . Annealing of the film occurred at a temperature of 850 K. A thermocouple attached to the Tantalum film allowed monitoring of temperature. Vaporization of Cobalt occurred by resistively heating a Cobalt wire while wrapped in a Tantalum film. Resulting vapor landed on the SiO 2 film. The researchers utilized XPS to calibrate the Si and Cobalt dispensers on a Molybdenum (110) surface. Passing carbon monoxide (CO) gas through an oxygen trap,