ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
In order for any business to maintain a sustainable competitive advantage, there is always the need for the management to address existing market demand as established through surveys among potential customers. Through this approach, most chain management and operations managers lay emphasis on producing products that satisfy the needs of customers beyond their expectations; by either redesigning current products or manufacturing new ones.Accordingly, there are several management theories which have been developed regarding quality. This essay discusses the Six Sigma theory as applied in developing new products. The first step in developing new products is having a general focus on customers. In line with this, any improvement procedures ensure that the needs of customers are addressed (Burt, Petcavage & Pinkerton, 2010). In other words, customers have to dictate the satisfaction and value generated by the new product. Processes which do not add value to customers are inappropriate and should be avoided by managers even as they endeavor to satisfy the needs of customers. Additionally, data and facts are imperative in determining the relevance of performance with regard to satisfying customer needs. The organization has to identify relevant information and its role in meeting set goals and objectives. Without appropriate data, an organization may engage in irrelevant processes which do not contribute to sustainable quality improvement. Three important aspects of collected data are data collection, analysis and application (Burt, Petcavage & Pinkerton, 2010). The third step focuses on processes applied by the management to promote improvement of quality. Such processes are considered crucial in augmenting the success of any given organization. As a result, respective managers ought to focus on essential processes to improve organizational performance and enhance a sustainable competitive advantage in the business market (Burt, Petcavage & Pinkerton, 2010). Processes which cause delays and affect the flow of production have to be eliminated and replaced with effective ones. Of significance is the fact that almost every business process requires routine improvement in order to retain its relevance in promoting good performance. This can be well achieved by having proactive managers who question why certain things are carried out in a particular manner with the aim of improving the organization. Such mindsets break from common traditions which could be derailing progress in running the organization (Burt, Petcavage & Pinkerton, 2010). Another important step in developing new products is nurturing limitless collabo
Pilot error refers to a judgment, an act, or a failure by a captain of an airplane determined to be a reason or causative factor in a calamity or event (Meyer 2008). The error can be a fault, omission, delay in the decision, or failure to implement due diligence by pilots when undertaking their responsibilities. A comprehensive understanding of how human errors contribute to airline accidents is now a mandatory standard practice for all aircraft accident detectives (Dismukes & Berman 2012). Through the standard, they are able to investigate the chronology of events before the occurrence of an accident. Normally, misfortunes that occur because of pilot error are presumed that the responsible individual unintentionally committed the mistake. Nonetheless, a deliberate neglect of a required operating process or caution is still perceived as a pilot error. The paper below discusses the issue of human error from an aviation perspective. The article is aimed at aiding pilots to understand the different potential errors forms and their fundamental causes. Potential error forms Potential pilot errors can be classified into three theories or forms (Connell 2013). The forms are decision errors, skill-based errors, and perceptual errors. Skill-based mistakes are related to failures of responsiveness or remembrance. As such, responsiveness failures have been connected to a number of skill-based errors. The errors include failures in visual scan arrays, chore fixation, and the unintentional initiation of controls. Other skill-based errors are linked to memory lapses. Usually, when a pilot is under stress he or she might omit critical procedures in inflight emergencies. Another type of skill-based errors noted in a number of researches includes technique errors. Irrespective of the pilot’s education background and proficiency, the method in which an individual implements a definite structure of procedures may greatly differ (Dismukes & Berman 2012). In this regard, a number of pilots with like training, flight rankings, and expertise may contrast in the method in which they operate their airplanes. Other pilots may fly the aircrafts efficiently with the elegance. The other pilots may fly the aircrafts with the dashing rough shifts. While both flying techniques may be harmless and skilful, the methods utilized may set them up for precise disaster modes. Notably, the methods are considered factors of inherent capability and skill because they are an obvious manifestation of an individual’s character. On the other hand, decision error exemplifies deliberate conduct that ensues as planned. The errors are usually recognised as honest mistakes. The unsafe acts exemplify the acts or inactions of persons with the right intentions, but lack the suitable acquaintance to effectively carry out their operations (Dismukes & Berman 2012). Decision errors can be categorized into three types. The types are procedural, poor, and problem solving errors. An individual may be a cause of a calamity even in hostile weather situations if aircraft detectives rules that the aircraft captain failed to implement due diligence. During
Abstract The current paper is dedicated to peculiarities of assessment in the process of counseling on the whole and applied to a specific scenario. This work defines the primary assessment question for the case of Mike, which is to find the reasons for the changes in his behavior. Also, it interprets the primary presenting concern, which is the change in the behavior of the client and the consequences of this change, and personal details of the client. The assessment tools applicable to adolescents are defined. They include Child Behavior Checklist, Youth self-report, and Teacher’s report form which are interrelated and make a valid and reliable assessment toolkit. The client, his parents, and a teacher are involved in the assessment process. Evaluation of the selected tools is provided. Assessment is presented as an integral part of counseling because it provides information that will be used by a counselor to evaluate the situation and plan interventions necessary to resolve the existing problems. Finally, ethical standards that should be applied during counseling are analyzed. Introduction Assessment is an integral component of the counseling process. It allows us to evaluate the client’s current condition, his or her background, track changes that could have led to the existing problems, and outline the direction of further counseling interventions. Assessment procedure and tools, as well as counseling, depending on the situation and characteristics of a client. The case for counseling under consideration involves an adolescent boy Mike who is the only child of his parents. The parents are worried because of the changes in habits and behavior of their 13-year-old son and refer a counselor to find solutions to their problems. Although the boy is not very happy about attending counseling, he agreed to appease the parents. The current paper provides an analysis of assessment tools used in counseling and applicable to the case of Mike. Primary Assessment Question The primary question of the assessment for the scenario of Mike is: What are the reasons for the changes in his behavior? It is crucial to reveal the causes of the adolescent’s actions to provide him with the necessary help and avoid conflict situations in the future. Consequently, the assessment tools will be directed at finding the answer to the primary question and revealing the peculiarities of the client’s situation. Although Mike is the client in this scenario, his parents provide the primary presenting concern. Thus, the primary presenting concern is the change in the behavior of their son and the consequences of this change. Thus, the parents have found a partial bottle of vodka in his bedroom, the boy stopped playing sports and has lower grades than he had before. The parents are worried about these events and are concerned about the new friends of their son who appeared during the past year. It looks that they are afraid of the
Introduction For a business to grow, it must diversify. One of the crucial ways of expanding is to open branches locally and internationally. This does not only help the business to increase sales, but also to attract a huge base of customers. It is crucial for a business to establish itself in foreign land firmly. When a company is operating overseas, it uses a lot of resources for operation as well as the importation of raw materials from the home country to the foreign nation. Therefore, the company should increase its revenue to achieve its primary objective of profitability. In this case, Pret a Manger is seeking to enter into a foreign market and begin its operations successfully. A business must decide a proper method of entering a market to achieve profitability. There are various strategies for effective market entry, and they include Licensing and Franchising, acquisition, and Greenfield venture. This essay, therefore, will attempt to find out successful strategies in which the restaurant can enter China and succeed in its operations. One of the major factors to consider when entering a foreign market is market choice. (de Kluyver,2012). Before a company invests overseas, it must critically examine the market as to whether the market is friendly or not. In other words, the company ought to look at the demand of the clients in the foreign nation. For instance, Pret a Manger is seeking to expand its restaurants all over China and the rest of the world. As a restaurant, the company must do surveys and know whether their foods are accepted in the host country. This helps a firm locate specific strategic markets. Alternatively, the firm can decide to sample a few products to gauge the reception of the host country. By doing this, they will get the general feeling of the people and can decide whether to invest or not. The market choice is fundamental because, without a market, a company cannot thrive. Besides, the company must know whether their products are readily accepted, and if now, what should they do for the products to be fair. An effective market selection strategy is to identify specific markets using the global segmentation method. (de Kluyver, 2012).The process of global segmentation means dividing various countries according to their consumer habits. When a company uses this method, they can be able to identify the consumer patterns globally, and they will know which goods to supply to a particular region. For instance, Pret a Manger restaurant should conduct a global segmentation in China and find out the favorite dishes of the locals. Also, they should find which foods are disliked by the locals. This way, they will bring fast-moving products causing them to increase profit margins. Consequently, the revenues will be used to open more branches in the country and other parts of the world. Another entry strategy is using location strategies. Location strategists provide value creation as well as th
Baking is a widely known and loved activity. It has been practiced for centuries ever since humans discovered that certain ingredients have the capacities to interact with each other and heat forming completely new edible products – baked foods. Baking is, in fact, a chain of chemical reactions most cooks are familiar with, yet they are not aware of the reasons why the ingredients behave the way they do. This paper is focused on examining the main ingredients used in bakery from the point of view of Chemistry. Flour is one of the main ingredients in baking. Most flours are mainly a composition of protein and starch. 2 Wheat flour contains high level of gluten, which is a protein that turns into an elastic substance when mixed with water. This reaction causes the dough to puff up while baking and makes the final product fine, soft, light and airy. Even though high level of gluten in flour provides a lot of benefits for the baked foods, there is one major disadvantage – many people cannot eat products that contain gluten due to a condition called Celiac disease. 3 No wheat containing foods are allowed for these people. To provide such individuals with an opportunity to eat baked foods, wheat flour is replaced with almond flour. This kind of flour does not contain gluten, which makes it impossible for the almond flour dough to trap bubbles of air and rise during the process of baking as wheat flour dough does. 3 Almond flour is hypoallergenic and this is its main quality. Oat flour is another substitute to wheat flour. As well as almond flour, it is gluten free. This quality makes oat flour healthier for people with Celiac disease. 1 The disadvantage of oat flour is that due to the lack of gluten the dough with it is not as elastic, and as a result the final foods may fall apart. 1 This effect can be addressed if more binding and emulsifying elements such as water or eggs are added. Yet, one must be careful doing this as adding too many eggs makes baked foods heavier. Yeast is composed of very small plants, which can grow and multiply by dividing into more plants. 2 To be able to grow yeast requires warm, moist conditions with addition of sugar and starch because this is what yeast feeds on. The growth slows down when the ingredients are refrigerated. Yeast also produces alcohol. Another by-product of yeast is carbon dioxide; it forms bubbles that make the dough rise. 2
When murders are often repeated and the similar victims arise experiencing the same trauma or manner of death, then the law enforcers should shift their gears toward looking at this as a case of a serial killing. As early as 1972, a serial murder was termed as a “multicide”. It was described as “a number of homicides committed by one person, but spread over a longer period of time, say months or even years, and generally corresponds to an unfolding, deep-seated psychopathological process”. It is often said that the perpetrator usually chooses the same type of victim and “repeats the murders periodically up to the time of arrest” (Cormier et al . 1972, p. 71). Indeed, it is undeniable that former prostitute Aileen Carol Wuornos (born as Aileen Carol Pittman) was a serial killer as she murdered seven men in Florida until she meted death by lethal injection in 2002. In a well-known book by Holmes and DeBurger (1988), they took note of a serial murder by its central elements with emphasis on the murderer’s traits:   * repetitive homicide, continuing if not prevented   * primarily one-on-one   * relationship (victim-perpetrator) usually one of stranger or slight acquaintance, strong affiliation seldom   * motivation is to kill; not conventional passion crime or victim-precipitated   * intrinsic motive (not apparent or clear-cut) and ordinarily not for passion, personal gain or profit (p. 18-19). It is often safe to note that serial killers often commit sex-related crimes that often end up as murders. In history, the most well-known serial killer must be Jack the Ripper, a nickname given to the murderer who perpetra
Abstract At a time when the rate of myocardial infarction recording shows shocking percentages and the question of whether there are other therapy measures adoptable to reduce heart attack cases, the research was inevitable. The research aimed to answer the question posed by the confusion that was generated as to whether myocardial infarction can be treated by clopidogrel and Plavix, as opposed to monotheraphy and aspirin. The sources used in formulating clinical question were mainly from the National Institute of Health, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE and relevant books. The literature review in this research has clearly shown that the treatment of myocardial infarction is not limited to clopidogrel. Thus, discord of dual or monotherapy with aspirin and clopidogrel has proven reliable. In conclusion, the clinical trials and the reviewed data have shown that the rise in the rates of myocardial infarction is alarming. The curbing and treating of the disease will take proper coordination between the patient and the physician since lifestyle modifications can only be initiated by the patient. Introduction There are numerous diagnostic tests conducted to detect the heart muscle damage in an effective manner. Some are blood tests and use of electrocardiogram or echocardiography. The most used blood markers for the blood tests are creatine kinase fraction. Many cases of myocardial infraction are sometimes treated by the use of reperfusion therapy. Immediate diagnosis of myocardial infraction can be through the use of oxygen, aspirin and subliminal nitroglycerine (Hutchison, 2009). This paper focuses on presenting a review of the literature evidence regarding the treatment of myocardial infarction and the use of Clopidogrel and Plavix. Evidence search In this research, the patient intervention research method was adopted (PICO) to formulate a clinical question. In addition, the OVID, MEDLINE, PUBMED, AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION MIOCA
Kahlil Gibran is an outstanding Arabic writer, included by UNESCO in the list of golden names of the 20th century. A philosopher, poet, and artist, and one of the authors who is read with equal interest in the West and East, he managed to combine Eastern thought and the poetic flavor of the East with Christian and universal ideas. However, he always remained on his own, not associated with any religious practice. “The Prophet,” the book that glorified Gibran Khalil Gibran, is considered to be the height of the poet’s philosophy and has been translated into hundreds of languages worldwide. It consists of 26 philosophical prose poems; one of them is dedicated to children. The choice fell on the line “They are the sons and daughters of Life’s longing for itself,” reflecting a deep meaning that one wants to refer to and think about again. (Academy of American Poets, 2021, line 4) The wisdom in these words gives food for thought, which is why it was chosen. The strong words of the above line carry a meaning that would seem to be clear to everyone. However, people often forget the main thing: parents cannot dispose of children as of something that belongs only to them. The point is that the lives of children can blossom in the hands of parents, but to assert the child is “mine” is to defend one’s ignorance. The line can be used to elucidate that parents use correct parenting strategies. Many parents in the world have ruined their children’s lives because they view them as property, which is fundamentally wrong. This line serves as a reminder that children have their own path that a parent can help find without taking over the children’s own lives. Reference Academy of American Poets. (2021). On Children by Kahlil Gibran.
Introduction One among the artistic legends of the modern art is Louis Lozowick who was a well acknowledged as a Precisionist artist and an Art Deco. It is to be noted that the legacy of Louis Lozowick still lives within the artistic parameters of fine arts and experimentations with form and mode of artistic expressions. As an immigrant from Russia it was a great challenge for him to establish in the United States. It is no wonder that he was extremely successful in this as his life proves quite well enough. In the golden span of 50 years of his career he shaped streamline, urban inspired monochromatic lithographs, etc. He is undoubtedly one of the greatest artists of the 20 th century with a profound influence on his surroundings. He was a true genius and this study would reflect the nature of his genius (Marquardt 2005). Lozowick’s life and time In the year 1892 Louis Lozowick was born in Ludvinovka, a state in Ukraine, an Eastern European country, bordered the countries of Belarus to the north, Russia to the north-east, Moldova and Romania to the south-west and Hungary, Slovakia and Poland to the west, the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea happily forms the southern border of the country. Though that phase of time had witnessed an era of disputes, conflicts and power play in Ukraine, but that time also witnesses the birth of a legend Louis Lozowick. In 1904, when he was twelve years old, he was admitted in Kiev Art School. From 1904-1906, for two years he remained there to attended art classes (Marquardt 2005). From the year 1906 – 1919, in a span of thirteen years he Attended art school, after completion of his schooling he joined a college. From 1912 to 1914 he studied in New York Nation Academy of design. Later after he finished college he also served in the army. Being a born artist, art flowed in this blood, the quest of art related knowledge and information of the developments in the field of art motivated h
DuPont was sued for allegedly monopolizing the interstate commerce, thus giving other companies in the same sector hardships in reaching out to the prospective markets and customers. The available markets became flooded with goods from one business entity. This was a strategy of making sure that none of the new companies had the means of matching the competition DuPont presented. Although the suit before the court was a challenge evaluating the violation of the antitrust law, it was clear that there were economic impacts that were brought about by the monopoly that was created by the company. All the companies should be put on the same footing in terms of having the means to market their products in order to have an organized way of generating income. The established companies should not be allowed to sell their products at lower prices because the new entrants in the market can lack a place in the growing market. It is an impediment to the expansion of the markets when there is only one nature of products that are sold at a very low price. The decision was what the court felt was right given the circumstances. The decision was made with the intention of deterring other companies. It is this reasoning that saw a lot of mistakes in the economic sense being condoned. It was in this instance that the court applied the Sherman Act without taking into account some of the economic effects of the decision. The consumers were following the guideline of a case that was held in total disregard for the economic principles that govern the running of free markets. It was at this point that the courts found it useful to hold the judgment in favor of the plaintiff, while the decision itself could not stand the test of economic advancement. It is imperative to note the effects of the decisions to be reached by the court on the market in a case whereby the parties to the case are not both parties in the running of the market. A monopoly enjoyed by one party may be out of sheer handwork without any proof of mischief on the part of the company. There were other companies in the case that were entrusted with the mandate of ensuring that the licensed patents were not used against the set out agreements. The patent rights of designing the Cellophane were meant to market the product in other parts of the world. This was made possible through licensing of the product. The comp