ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Crimes and felonies are not always obvious, which is why, in some cases, they may be difficult to identify. Sometimes a dilemma arises whether to consider an act to be unlawful. The fight between Taylor and Garrett is one of such cases, and it requires further examination within the framework of current legislation. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the actions of Taylor and Garret in terms of such felonies as breaking and entering, burglary, and battery. Issue Taylor and Garrett were students who lived in apartments on the same floor of a building. As Taylor was studying for classes, she was disturbed by Garrett’s loud music. Having put up with the inconvenience for several hours, she decided to talk to her neighbor. Once Garrett opened the door, he returned inside, as he could not hear anything over the loud music and wanted to turn it down. Taylor did not wait for him to appear again and entered his apartment without permission. Aggravated by trespassing, Garrett asked her to exit, but Taylor applied physical violence, which led to the former’s substantial injuries. The described situation poses several issues within the legal framework, as far as Taylor’s actions are concerned. Allegedly, the woman felt exhausted, as she had been studying past midnight. It is possible to assume that she stayed due to an important upcoming assignment or an exam which might explain her nervousness. At the same time, Garrett demonstrated disrespect toward other tenants of the building, violating the law regulating community noise levels at night. Nevertheless, while Taylor’s actions may be justified from an ethical point of view, she entered another individual’s property without consent and applied physical violence leading to injuries. Therefore, an issue arises whether her actions can be considered burglary, breaking and entering, or battery. Rule The terms “burglary” and “brea
Introduction Berendt’s novel ‘Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil’ portrays ‘Savanna Georgia town’ as having a lot of assassinations, men in haul, drug abuse, and suicide which are puzzled in the large metropolitan area. In this book, the plot goes around the killing of a secondary school loafer named Hanson, who was a drugs addict. In this case, Hanson was killed by an affluent art dealer Jim Williams; who was his lover and employer. From the story, William was an affluent socialite who was brought up in Gordon. It can be argued that Berendt journeyed to Savannah where he engrossed himself in the city and as a result meeting appealing people like Luther Driggers; who risked exterminating Savannah residents by putting poison to their water sources; and a lady who carried out voodoo to the adversaries of Williams among others. To know who killed Hanson, Berendt concerned himself with the case where he associated with William’s lawyer. In the first instance, William was found blameworthy and sentence to life imprisonment. After a while, William’s lawyer was sent an unidentified reproduction of the police account illuminating that the officer who detained Mr. William had gainsaid himself (Berendt 50-250). After Berendt concerning himself more than before with the case, he learned that Mr. William killed Hanson after he had tried to fire him. By telling Benendt the truth, Jim Williams felt that he would be cleansed from his guiltiness. To win in her case, Jim used Minerva to throw magic charm in his favor. In this case, the magic charm was to be thrown on the former ‘Chatham County District Attorney’; who had sued Williams against the deadly firing of Hanson. Based on this, as Berendt tried to unearth the gaminess of the case, he found that William’s operations of argument might not fairly be honest (Berendt 70-303). Voodoo is a life asserting performance that gives confidence to its applicants to comprehend the ordinary courses of life and their spiritual natures. Based on this, voodoo originated in Africa as a religion; whic
Introduction Fireworks refer to a group of explosive or volatile pyrotechnic appliances utilized for artistic and entertainment activities. The most frequent application of a firework is as a component of a fireworks show. A fireworks show refers to an exhibit of the sound, visual effects and floating materials because of firework appliances. Contests on fireworks are often held at some places. Firework exhibits are regular world over and are the central point of many cultural and spiritual festivities (How to Protect Yourself from Fire Hazards 1). Fireworks are commonly grouped as to where they act upon, either as a land or airborne firework. In the case of airborne fireworks, they are either endowed with their own driving force or be injected into the air by use of a flying shell (How to Protect Yourself from Fire Hazards 1). The universal characteristic of fireworks is a paper or cardboard tube or covering filled with the explosive matter, in most times pyrotechnic stars (How to Protect Yourself from Fire Hazards 1). A number of these tubes are in most times joined to in order to when exploded to result in a vast assortment of dazzling forms, frequently with multiple colors (How to Protect Yourself from Fire Hazards 1). History of fireworks The history of fireworks can be traced back to the 7th century with the origin being China. The Chinese people came up with various forms of fireworks with an assortment of effects and color. The skill and discipline of firework development grew into an autonomous line of work. In China, pyrotechnicians were accorded respect due to their acquaintance with intricate procedures in setting up firework exhibits. In the period of the Song Dynasty that lasted from 960 to 1279, a majority of the ordinary persons could buy a variety of forms of fireworks from market sellers, and splendid exhibits of fireworks were at the same time known to be carried out (OSHA 1). However, China has been in the lead in the production of fireworks globally. Most of the other nations including the United States of America Import their fireworks from China. This can be partly attributed to the fact that China has tremendously developed in terms of the manufacture of mechanical and electrical gadgets. As such, it is slowly overtaking the United States of America, which has been the super power for a long time. Fire and general safety concerns related to fireworks Inappropriate utilization, storage, and transportation of fireworks can turn out to be hazardous to both the parties handling and onlookers (OSHA 1). To add to that, fireworks can be the genesis of fires following their landing on combustible matter. Because of this, the handling of fireworks is normally controlled lawfully. Fireworks for show are controlled by law for application by experts (OSHA 1). End user pieces accessible by the public are undersized adaptations having inadequate quantities of volatile matter to trim down probable risk. Fireworks may front a trouble for animals, both domesticated and undomesticated, who can be scared by t
English legal system is one of the complex legal systems in the world. It is therefore very important for any person interested in studying the English legal system to be very keen not to get confused by the complex legal system. This work analyzes some aspects of the English legal system and the application of international business law in a case study. First of all, it is important to know that both criminal law and civil law are applied in the English legal system. However, the two laws do not play the same role in the legal system. It is therefore important to explain the role of the two laws and analyze their purposes in the English legal system. Criminal law is the kind of law that is used in the English legal system to punish those who act in a way that is against the interest of the society as laid down through a legislative process (Papachristou, 1999). Criminal law is usually enforced by state security officers especially the police. The police department is the one responsible for investigations regarding violations of criminal law. The department is also responsible for arresting the lawbreakers and arraigning them in court for prosecution. According to criminal law, a crime is committed when a person acts against the law and the crime has a direct impact either on an individual or a society. Examples of crimes that are dealt with under criminal law include murder and theft. The purpose of criminal law is to maintain law and order in society (Caenegem, 1992). People try to avoid committing crimes because the consequences may not be favorable once the criminal law is applied. Criminal law is used to punish criminals. It is also used to protect society from criminal activities by deterring people from committing crimes. Civil law is any other law that is not considered criminal law in the English legal system. Civil law is
Background Characteristic Symptoms As a mental disorder, aphasia has characteristic symptoms that impair language and speech proficiency among individuals. The characteristic symptoms of aphasia are evident as they affect the four aspects of communication, namely, verbal expression, auditory comprehension, functional communication, and reading and writing competence (Chapey, 2008). In the aspect of verbal expression, individuals with aphasia have difficulties in expressing some words in an appropriate manner. For example, aphasic individuals tend to substitute words with other related words, switch sounds by reading words in reverse, and create their words and phrases (Chapey, 2008). Aphasic individuals also have difficulties in forming sentences and communicating verbally in a sensible way for they use a string of words that do not make sense (Wilson, 1999). In the aspect of auditory comprehension, aphasic individuals have difficulties in comprehending verbal language, figurative speech, and jokes. Consequently, aphasic individuals have limited functional communication because they cannot use words appropriately and comprehend what other say (Ogden, 2005). Fundamentally, aphasic individuals cannot communicate in a normal way because they have comprehension and verbal difficulties. Wilson (1999) asserts that aphasic individuals do experience challenges in reading and writing for they cannot understand concepts, words, and ideas. Moreover, aphasic individuals cannot read and write for they cannot interpret words and sentences and present them in a logical manner. Neuropathology Associated with the Syndrome Aphasia is a mental disorder that affects language and speech functions of the brain. Neuropathology shows that aphasia emanates from the damage of the parts in the left hemisphere of the brain such as Broca’s area, Wernicke’s area, and posterior language area (Jordan & Kaiser, 2013). The main cause of aphasia is a stroke while brain injury, neurological disorders, and tumor are minor causes because they damage the brain and impair its functions (Jordan & Kaiser, 2013). The cause and the site of the brain affected determine the severity of the aphasia. Stroke causes aphasia by damaging Broca and Wernicke’s areas of the brain and impairing speech production and comprehension respectively (Jordan & Kaiser, 2013). Ischemic stroke, which is a form of stroke that occurs due to the blood clot in the brain, is the common cause of aphasia. The blockage of the blood vessels that supply blood to the brain, particularly the left hemisphere, results in the death of brain tissue (Macdonald, 2011). The form of stroke called hemorrhagic stroke also causes Broca’s aphasia, global aphasia, and Wernicke’s aphasia when the blood vessels burst in the left hemisphere of the brain and causes internal bleeding, which affects tissue and functioning of the brain. Moreover, mechanical injury of
The set of ideas of Rene Descartes is commonly called Cartesian philosophy; the name comes from his Latin name Renatus Cartesius. One of the problems of this philosophy continues to be debated today since it is not specifically scientific, but methodological in its nature. In the history of natural sciences, it was called a psychophysical problem, and since the end of the nineteenth century, it has been considered a psychophysiological problem. The essence of this problem can be expressed in the form of a question: how do physiological and mental processes relate? Descartes recognized that the machine of the body and the consciousness is occupied with its own thoughts, ideas, and “desires,” and they are independent entities or substances (Lawhead, 2015). Rene Descartes was faced with the need to explain how the mind and body coexist in an integral person. The solution he proposed was psychophysical interaction; according to the principle of psychophysical interaction, physiological and mental processes directly affect each other. The body affects the soul, awakening passions in it in sensory perceptions and emotions. The soul, having thinking and will, affects the body, forcing this “machine” to work and change its course. I accept Cartesian Dualism and agree that humans are both a mind and a body. Descartes was looking for an organ in the body with which these incompatible substances could still interact. He proposed considering the pineal gland, or epiphysis as such an organ (Lawhead, 2015). This gland, perceiving the movement of animal spirits, is capable of influencing, in turn, to influence their purely mechanical flow through vibrations. Descartes admitted that the soul could change its direction without creating new activities, just as a rider controls a horse. I also think that a person has an organ with which the soul and body interact; for example, the heart can be such an organ. Proof of this can be found in the stories of patients who have had a transplant of this vital organ. Sometime after the surgical intervention, it turned out that the specific personality traits of the patients changed. Based on this, it can be concluded that human mental qualities or character are not the results of brain activities but also of the heart. Moreover, during a heart transplant, this “cellular memory,” which a soul can be called, passes to another person. Therefore, I believe that the mind-body problem can be solved with a more thorough analysis of the relationship of a person’s feelings and thoughts with specific organs, for example, with the heart. The human soul is radically different from the human body and does not depend on it. It can continue to exist even without the physical, material shell that people call their flesh. Nevertheless, there is such a close connection between the physical form and the soul, as if there is an interpe
Introduction: Business and Technology Seize the Power There can be no possible doubt that technologies rule the modern world, and that business is one of the most efficient ways to take one’s place under the sun. In the present-day world, the role of social networking and modern leadership theories cannot be overestimated – with efficient management and a good use of social network, one is likely to reach the peak of his/her business career. Taking a closer look at the way business works and learning more about its mechanisms can help understand the way business theories can be applied into practice. One can possibly see the best way to handle a company and to succeed in the fast-changing world, learning about the typical mistakes that managers make to void them in future. As for the business field which is most preferable to consider, it seems that the sphere of entertainment is the most popular at present, which makes it a perfect target for further exploration. Analyzing an interview with a leader in the field of entertainment, one will be able to see the mechanism of the XXI century business and see what practices are the most efficient. The Social Impact of Technology: When Media Rules the World The impact of social media on the modern world is truly huge. Since social networking is one of the key means to learn more about a specific product, people rely much on online reviews, which can both pose quite a threat to a certain company and contribute to its success. Facebook as the ultimate evil plan: people and their opinions According to what the interviewee claimed, social networks such as Facebook and the like pose a considerable threat to the development of business. When socializing online, the interviewee claimed, people can easily post negative comments about the company and its production without being detected, which can dent the customers’ confidence in the quality of the services. Indeed, the concerns raised by the interviewed can be easily understood – there are certain pieces of evidence which show that people do post negative reviews about certain services which they have tried and which have not met their standards and expectations. Although one might think that a humble opinion of a certain user will definitely sink in the avalanche of other more engaging news and hardly anyone will ever notice the negative review; yet there are proofs that negative product reviews in blogospheres and social networks have considerable impact on people’s idea of a company: “An employer’s business reputation can be damaged by negative comments by individuals on their own social networking pages, or, more problematically, because of the issue of anonymity on those specifically formed networking groups” (Pickard, 2008, 68). Therefore, it seems that social networking can be easily used against entrepreneurs and their business, caus
Authentic Assessment Measures and Their Purpose An educator needs to know a learner’s ability to apply acquired knowledge and skills in a meaningful way. Herein lies the significance of authentic assessment measures as the most effective tools for the described objective. By definition, an authentic assessment measure is a tool or set of tools that allows demonstrating a learner’s ability to apply the acquired knowledge in a meaningful way when performing practical assignments. Therefore, it is barely possible to single out several key types of authentic assessments due to the wide variety thereof. Authentic assessment measures need to place a learner into the scenario in which they need to apply newly learned information to produce a coherent solution. Thus, during authentic assessments, a student is expected to act independently to develop a sense of personal agency and the ability to utilize their knowledge purposefully. Thus, apart from allowing educators to test students’ knowledge and abilities, authentic assessment measures serve the purpose of placing students in real-life situations and encouraging them to develop a corresponding ability to respond promptly. Role of Assessment in Early Literacy Instruction In the early education setting, assessments are critical for eliciting critical information about a child’s development and well-being. By performing the assessment of young learners’ progress, one can measure the extent of their progress, compare it to the expected outcomes, and gauge the amount of information that will have o be covered later. Moreover, problems in the development of a learner can be located comparatively early, which will help to prevent major impediments to the successful acquisition of key competencies and skills from emerging. Finally, the application of assessments in early education will inform a teacher about the gaps in a student’s knowledge system and the strategies that can be used to fill these gaps. The use of assessments in early education allows a teacher to map the progress of a child, ensuring that the development occurs properly and that the child develops the necessary skills needed to gain independence I learning. For instance, the ability to deploy critical thinking skills, the use of abstract thinking, and similar capabilities can be tested with the help of different assessment techniques. As a result, a teacher will receive full information a
Introduction It has always been said that a word is as strong as a weapon. The statement could be arguable, but for people whose only defense against their surrounding painful circumstances are their pens and papers that statement could not be more truthful. In mentioning circumstances there cannot be more painful than wars. When watching people killed, buildings destroyed and total nations are changed, the words can be as effective as weapons in delivering protests, as loud as the demonstration to be heard or as silent as close companion to share the pain. In choosing the words to use, poetry can be considered the most powerful, delicate and sincere in showing true emotions and empathy, and at the same time, can be used to deliver an idea that usually was ignored. In that sense the poetry of Semezdin Mehmedinovic, a Bosnian writer, can be considered a perfect example of the aforementioned reflections. This paper analyzes the poetry of Mehmedinovic, published in his book titled “Sarajevo Blues”, which tells the experience of living in a city under siege. The main point of the analysis is the investigation of the author’s usage of language in his quest to change his world. Analysis The honesty in which the poems of Semezdin Mehmedinovic were written might lay in the fact that for the whole period of the Serbian nationalistic siege he remained a citizen of Sarajevo. These circumstances made his poetry story-like episodes filled with details of the horrific circumstances of the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina. In addition to writing, Mehmedinovic also remained active as one of the city’s resistance movement members and one of the editors of the magazine “Phantom Liberty”. Analyzing Mehmedinovic’s poems, the purposes that the author possibly outlined should be kept in mind. The purposes in poems could be viewed either as a transfer of a certain image, the way the author had witnessed it, or share author’s certain emotions, by providing images that directs the reader to the same state. In Mehmedinovic’s poems, both purposes are visible. In the poem “Deserter” the author intended show the feelings of a person leaving his country in hard conditions with deserter, who run away from a battle field. These feelings might come from the position of the author where, there possibly were moments when he was ready to leave h