ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
There are many ways of how people can introduce their points of view and make the whole world listen. Still, not all approaches were appreciated in the past, and a number of people suffered because of their inabilities to choose the correct approaches and follow the existing order. There are several powerful works with the help of which it is possible to look at three captivating rebellions that aimed at promoting personal freedoms, gender justice, and even sexual choices. Where Do We Go from Here is a work by a famous activist, politician, and writer, Martin Luther King. It is an attempt to support the idea of human rights and explain that hope does have a meaning. King explains that people should take responsibility for all their thoughts and actions because what is sowed by a person that is going to be reaped (King 420). The peculiar feature of this work is that the author does not call for action only. What he tries to do is to explain his reasons and his expectations from the actions. Of course, he shares his position is a very delicate way to demonstrate how dissatisfied he is with the necessity to promote changes. He does not want to accept the fact that people suffer because of the conditions they create independently. The work by Martin Duberman , Stonewall , is the description of another rebellion that took place at the end of the 1960s. It was a rebellion of gays to protect their rights and to prove that people should have a chance to express their feelings, emotions, and preferences. This work is not only about the story of gays. It is the lesson that comes from the past and introduces how cruel and unfair the activities of legal representatives can be. There are a number of names mentioned in the story: Jim Foratt, Martin Boyce, Tammy Novak, Mario, etc. The enumeration of the names may be compared with the mass described in the story. The event that took place on the night of June 27-28, 1969 touched upon many human souls and proved that people regardless their sexual preferences and interests should be respected (Duberman 457). Finally, Cleaver’s work is one more example of how a rebellion should look like. Her Women, Power, and Revolution is the explanation of why people have to live in the world that is racially polarized and how people can strive for solidarity (Cleaver 478). In addition to racial diversity, the author discusses the gender issue that bothers a number of people during a long period of time. If some people prefer to talk about gender inequalities, and some people support the idea of racial equality, it is hard to gu
Introduction In historical times, most of the successful human civilizations were ruled by Kings who governed expansive regions and received tribute from their subjects. One of the great kings of the old civilizations is Cyrus the Great who ruled Persia around 570BC. Persia was located in the Middle East and is the region presently known as Iran. Cyrus the Great was the son of the Persian king Cambyses I and he became prince of the Achaemenian dynasty. He later took control of the kingdom and history records that Cyrus the Great was an important figure who made huge contributions to the human civilization through his reign. The earliest city built by the people of Persia was the Achaemenian and this is the city that was established and later used as the capital of the vast Persian Empire established by Cyrus. This essay will provide a historically discussion of Cyrus the Great with emphasis being laid on his major achievements. These achievements will include his establishment of a great emperor and the mercy and consideration with which this great King ruled his subjects. Achievements of Cyrus the Great Military Conquest Cyrus took over the leadership of the Persian Tribes after the death of his father Anshan and he ruled as a vassal king for the Medians who controlled the region. Cyrus founded the Achaemenid Empire and even as a subordinate to the Medians, he had ambitions to gain power of the entire region. The Achaemenian Dynasty was the first Empire of the world and Sorat asserts that this was the largest Empire of the old-Fashioned world and its length spanned from Anatolia from Egypt across western Asia to northern India and center Asia (1). The Achaemenian Empire eventually conquered Egypt and became the most dominate dynasty in the world. When he took power from his Father, Cyrus was a subject of the Median Empire who lorded over the Persians. While his predecessors had been content to pay tribute to the Medians, Cyrus had greater ambitions. He therefore undertook a revolt that resulted in the defeat of the Medians and a new kingdom that combined the Median and Persians was established. Cyrus was the King of this new Empire but he chose to retain the title of “King of Persia”. Despite having considerable territo
Global warming is the increase in the temperatures of the earth’s air surface and the subsequent increase in the water levels that is, oceans and sea levels increase. It is as a result of numerous human activities that emit gasses and prevent the radiation of sunlight back to the atmosphere. Generally, when sunlight reaches the earth’s surface, there is an amount of it that is reflected back to the atmosphere at a higher wavelength; when this happens, the earth’s temperatures are regulated. In cases where the air is polluted by green house emissions then these green house gasses broke the reflected sunlight radiations from reflecting back to the atmosphere, leaving them just at the earth’s surface. This increases the earth’s surface temperature (Union of Concerned Scientists 12). There are numerous policies that have been developed to curb global warming. This paper concentrates on Kyoto protocol that was developed in Japan, on 11 December 1997 and entered into force on 16 February 2005. The agreement was entered by 37 industrialized countries and European community. It was developed by United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The aim of the protocol was to ensure that the emission of green house gasses was reduced by 5% below their level in 1990 by the end of 2010. The protocol targeted the major greenhouse emitters and developed measures that were to be implemented in the production of a country. The major emitters of green house gasses are the burning of fossil fuels. If each country was to reduce its level of emission then the global warming could be reduced. There are numerous ways that the protocol recommends to be implemented to ensure that its objective of reducing global warming is attained. One of the ways that has been suggested by the protocol is the adoption of clean technology. This is a technology that does not emit green house gases. In other words it discourages the use of fuel in production. Despite the fact that it discourages the use of fuel, it recognizes that some sectors of economy rely on fuel, for example the transport industry, it thus recommends that in such industry efficiency should be embraced. By clean technology it means that industries should use energies like solar and electricity from hydro systems (Kyoto Protocol). The policy has an upper hand than other developed policies since it is a policy that appreciates that with production there must be some level of pollution but what is important is how the pollution will be managed. It also is for the opinion that if all countries join effort, pioneered by the already developed countries, then it is possible to cure global warming. The start point that the policy takes is advocacy and creating awareness to all nations on the effect of global warming. In the subsequent meeting to discuss the progress of the policy, there has been an analysis of the progress attained and challenges that various countries are facing (Bernstein 221-254). One of the major challenges that have faced the policy is on implementation. Despite the fact that many countries are signatories to the protocol, they have been slow in implementing. A
Introduction Dupont notes that the period before 1814 was characterized by social unrest and revolutions all over Europe 1 . Harold indicates that most of the conflicts between the powers were maintained without war after the establishment of the Congress of Vienna 2 . According to Dupont, the Great Powers attempted to form alliances in the pursuit of supremacy in Europe 3 . An example is Italy that was under the rule of Prime Minister Camillo di Cavour at the time and formed an alliance with France and Britain. This alliance was targeted at diminishing the power of Russia during the Crimean War. As a result of the merger, Italy was able to get military and diplomatic assistance from France and Britain. The newly found power enabled Italy to defeat Austria in 1859. Bridge and Bullen note that Otto Von Bismarck from Prussia was able to defeat France after forming an alliance with Germany 4 . These are just some of the examples indicating the level of disorder and lack of diplomacy that characterized Europe in the 1800s. However, Moul argues that the Great Powers managed to have stable state systems despite the challenging environments created by nationalism, radicalism, and social revolutions 5 . In reference to Curtis, this balance can be attributed to the establishment of the Congress of Vienna between 1814 and 1815 6 . The main objective behind its creation was the promotion of diplomacy in Europe and the prevention of future revolutions 7 . The Congress of Vienna was formed after the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte because the leaders wanted to establish long-lasting solutions to peace and stability in Europe. The aim of the current research is to assess the importance of the Congress of Vienna in promoting Great Power diplomacy. Specifically, the essay analyzes some of the events that took place from 1814 to 1914. Establishment of the Congress of Vienna (1814-1815) In reference to Curtis 8 , it is important to assess the structures of the European states and the Great Powers systems before 1814 in an effort to understand the reasons behind the establishment of the Congress of Vienna. The political structures of the European countries consisted of various types of successional leadership. While some countries had bureaucratic rulers, others had aristocrats who ruled the people for decades. Dupont 9 It also notes that the Great Powers were characterized by different political systems. Some of the nations had liberal constitutional empires, while others were conservatives. Despite these differences, the powers shared similar cultural, religious, and social features. During the 1700s, Europe was characterized by ever-shifting wars that led to the formation of the Great Powers 10 . In an analysis of the Great Powers, Dupont acknowledges that Great Britain was an expanding empire whose main objective was economic development, while Russia was a rising political and military power in the region 11 . Additionally, France wanted to dominate the cultural and military systems in the region, Prussia was a military hub and had technologically advanced weapons, and Austria had an ancient cult
A mathematical model is one of the applied ways to describe a real-life situation or task by using numeric calculations. According to Shah et al. (2020), the principle of mathematical modeling involves creating a simplified form that cuts off the individual properties of reality. In addition to the physical environment, mathematical models are utilized to describe biological processes, social themes, and other phenomena that require a systematic assessment through the available variables. Thus, this form of analysis involves using specified data to carry out calculations aimed to determine whether the presented relationships are valid or not. Any research looking for a relationship between measurable parameters generates a mathematical model. The importance of this principle lies in an opportunity to structure a specific topic and provide clear calculations that prove the specified correlations. Today, mathematical models are applied in a variety of fields, and as an example, Shah et al. (2020) review its use to address the COVID-19 pandemic and assess the current outcomes. In this case, the property of universality inherent in reliable models is clearly manifested since the corresponding calculations are suitable for different social environments. Therefore, the possibility of using mathematical models, regardless of geographic or other features, makes this method of calculation credible. The aforementioned mathematical model addressing the COVID-19 pandemic uses a simple equation. Shah et al. (2020) remark that these calculations can be presented in different forms depending on what is compared. Below, one can see an example of an equation in which the number of people infected is evaluated by utilizing the variables of infection rate, population rate, and some other crucial data (Shah et al., 2020). This example of a mathematical model reflects the simplicity of this form of assessment and its versatility. + ρI(t). Reference Shah, K., Abdeljawad, T., Mahariq, I., & Jarad, F. (2020). Qualitative analysis of a mathematical model in the time of COVID-19.
Background HealthSouth is a leading healthcare public healthcare firm, started in 1984 and with its headquarters in Birmingham, Alabama. The firm operates in 26 states in the United States and has branches in the United Kingdom and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Within the United States, this firm has 99 inpatient rehabilitation hospitals 29 outpatient satellite clinics and 25 home-based health agencies. This hospital is known to offer a very high level of care for patients who are recovering from such conditions as cardiac or pulmonary conditions, brain or spinal code injuries, amputations and orthopedic. The firm has been lauded as being very effective in offering its services to its customers. The chief executive of this firm, Richard Scrushy, has been keen on implementing change to ensure that the firm remains competitive. Change is the most permanent factor in a business environment, as Kotler (2003) says, and therefore, the management of various firms must learn how to deal with this change if good results are to be achieved. This firm has taken keen steps in ensuring that change is implemented in the firm to reflect the current state of affairs. To understand change as it is undertaken by this firm, John Kotter’s Eight-Step Model for Creating Change and Sustaining Large-Scale Change Step One: Create Urgency This firm has been keen to employ this strategy in bringing change to the firm. The management has taken the initiative to invite customers to participate in improving the services of the hospitals; by contributing their thoughts on how best, the firm can operate. The management, in convincing the staff on the need for change, uses this message from the customers, coupled with the research on the market competition. This creates some form of urgency on the need for change, which would push the concerned stakeholders to spring into action. Step Two: Formation of a Powerful Coalition Formation of a coalition within the firm is one of the best strategies that would help ensure that a given company reaches its desired goal within the shortest time possible. This hospital has developed teams within various departments of the firms, each assigned specific duties. Each team coordinates with others in order to ensure that they adopt various changes within the firm. Individual employees also coordinate amongst themselves. Teambuilding has been a lifelong tradition of this firm. Step Three: Creating a Vision for Change Barthe (2010) says that change should always be coined in a vision that would help employees see where the organization is headed. When the management considers coming up with some changes, they should develop a vision that would steer this change amongst the employees. The vision would give a sense of purpose for all the activities involving this change that the employ
It may seem like a surprise how the world is interconnected through a web link not seen by many. As human beings, we do not pause to think how interconnected things are. This is one of the reasons why there is a lot of violence in the society. We are filled with too much negativity and this leads to a lot of harmful actions; all this because we do not see the interconnection between ourselves and other things. When we fail to be mindful of others, we only feed the negative energy in us and this result in violence. Being mindful gives us a chance to reflect on our impending actions. It also feeds and nourishes the positive energy of peace, patience, and courage. As such, we become mindful of others and see things in a new light and this gives us the chance to extend natural warmth and love towards others. What this means is that being mindful of our behaviors and our impending action is the power that feeds our tendencies to remain nonviolent on other beings. In this life, all things are interconnected and as such, everything we do has some ripple effects capable of either causing harm or good. Back in college, I remember a day when I had to sit on the balcony for several hours feeling desperate after failing in one of the units. I recall banging my hands on the table before going to bed, only to toss and turn all night long. This kind of violent behavior tends to build a lot of frustration among students, leading to failure in the examinations. I had a very hard time maintaining a spirit of nonviolence. That evening, m mind was preoccupied with thoughts about my past and how I had reacted to the tough unit. In a moment, I realized how such negative violent behavior towards the unit had affected my attitudes and in effect my studies. I should have been mindful and restrained myself. This helped me to change my attitude towards the unit. Such a reflection and mindfulness of my behavior helped me to create a connection between my behavior and failure in examinations (Lasater 20). Due to the realization of the interconnectedness of things, my behavior has significantly changed. I am a naturally cordial and polite person who is very courteous about the words that I use, lest I offend anyone. I recognize the power of words to either build or destroy somebody. I am lucky now to have a large pool of family and friends whom I turn to during difficult times. My house is always open to everyone. I am also keen to be mindful of my behaviors as I know it may affect not just my life, but that of others as well. I am now adopting a more healthy eating habit by avoiding the harmful food styles and such other living habits as over sleeping, overworking myself , and the way I treat others. I am also learning albeit slowly the important of buying only what
Abstract This research paper aims to analyze the views of Dr. De Grey’s theory on healthy living. I will seek to answer several questions on the topic beginning with how Dr. De Grey’s theories present some potential benefits and problems. If people were to live for 150 years how would this present challenges to governments? What are some of the changes in thinking towards “older people” that would need to take place if the life expectancy in the United States were to increase by 50 years or more? If Dr. De Grey’s theory became a reality, what role do you see an active population over 100 years-of-age playing in society? Introduction Dr. De Grey has developed theories that ensure that human beings can achieve maximum life quality thereby increasing the number of years that one can live on earth. He has identified junk that accumulates in the body cells as the cause of aging and death. The cells then make up the body tissues and once they get infected then the body breakdowns. His theory of engineered negligible senescence seems to be unrealistic in our present and immediate future. In a nutshell, his theory is that science will soon develop ways of ensuring that we can grow old without necessary aging (Ferrini & Ferrini, 2008). Main Text Dr. De Grey has concurred that some of our bodies’ conditions that cause aging cannot all be solved as of now or yet anyway. He holds hope that this situation can be remedied in the next few years. I do agree that the world is constantly changing and that technological and scientific advancement will be more, but then how much change is needed to alter a natural course of life? I think that science will evolve but will it help us avoid death is a concept that we should just wait and see if it comes to pass (Ferrini & Ferrini, 2008). The theory of eternal living is very appealing. This is because it will mean that no deaths will occur. Thus the sorrows and mourning of our loved ones who pass on will be a thing of the past. This scenario presents several advantages like we will be able to spend all the time in the world with our loved ones. The fact that diseases will be a thing of the past is a plus in that development will be unhindered as people can work at their maximum potential. Furthermore, the fund used in healthcare by the government and individuals will be channeled to other uses (Ferrini & Ferrini, 2008). On the downside, the earth’s population will likely increase as no people will be dying to attain a balance in the numbers. This will exert pressure on cities, governments, and the earth to support such huge populations. I do not think I would choose to live 150 years on earth as this would be rather boring in the end. I believe that life would not have the same meaning as we are aware that we have all the time in the world to do whatever. Most of us talk of li
Introduction Social interaction forms are very important aspect of the human life. For a very long time, sociologists have been carrying out investigations to try and explain how the society functions. Some of their views are depicted in the theoretical perspectives which are used to guide sociologists in understanding the society and its members. This paper seeks to use the alcohol drinking experience as a mirror to view how the different theoretical perspectives are applied in the society. Thus the paper will analyze the social role played by alcohol drinking and the social significance of the places where the drinking takes place. This observational analysis will be benchmarked on the different sociology theories that have been accomplished in class. Alcohol drinking Alcohol drinking has been has been around for a very long time. To this date there are several types of alcoholic drinks available in many different societies. Different types of drinks have a different social meaning. The drinks are thus used to divide the society into social strata. The type of alcoholic drink that is taken by an individual can be linked to his/her values, norms, behavior and how he/she interacts with other people in the society. In some societies the choice of drink is a strong indicator of behavior. However, this description does not include to the situational drinking such as celebrations that might be characterized by one type of drink such as the champagne. Status indicator The type of alcohol beverage that is consumed by an individual can be used as a major indicator of his/her status in the society. In most societies, alcoholic beverages that are not produced locally have a higher social status. For instance, the polish population regards wine as a drink of high to middle class status. The beers and vodkas produced locally in that country or often considered as drinks of an ordinary person. It’s usual to see university students in Poland taking wine to reinforce their importance in the society. In France, as opposed to Poland, the drinking of wine is the order of the day and thus the young elite always turn to imported beers to show their higher status. However, in the cases of the young ‘elites’ been drinking does not actually reflect their status in the society, it is more of a reflection of what they aspire to be in the future. Furthermore, a particular drink such as wine may not be in itself the definer of the social status. As it has been observed there are different types of wine with different calibers. The type of wine caliber consumed by an individual defi