ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Company Description Rotana Jet Aviation, also known as Rotana Airways, is one of the leading domestic airlines in the United Arab Emirates. This airline company has its main operating base in Al‐Bateen Airport, which is about 10 kilometers from Abu Dhabi City. The company offers travel services to both the domestic and international passengers. The company has been keen to offer quality services to its customers. This is reflected in its mission statement that says, “To offer quality travel services to domestic and international travelers at reasonable costs.” The company has been experiencing growth in the market, especially after adding new international routes to the previously existing routes. Description of Operations It is important to understand the operational activities of Rotana Jet, and the means through which it turns its inputs into output. As stated above, this firm offers travel services to its clients in the market. One of the main inputs of this firm is the planes used to deliver the service. The firm purchases the planes (input) which it uses to offer the travel services (output) to the clients from one location to another. Another important input that the firm has been using is the entertainment facilities, especially the music system fitted in the seats. This input is used to offer entertainment services to its clients. The firm uses coffee, water, and sugar as inputs, to make coffee as the product for its clients while on board their planes. As Bruce (40) observes, the current competitive market in the airline industry is forcing the airline companies to offer better quality products in order to attract a pool of loyal customer. This explains why Rotana Jet is keen on offering their clients drinks and entertainment services. Another important input that this firm uses in its operations is the human labor, which includes pilots and cabin crew. The pilots work to ensure that clients are flown from one location to another, while other cabin crews work as a team to ensure that the journey is more enjoyable for the customers. Supply Chain Decisions In the current competitive market, firms are keen to ensure that they employ the best strategy in their supply chain management. This is because they are under pressure to ensure that they are efficient in their operations. Sauter (73) observes that there is need to ensure that acquisition of raw materials, their movement to the firm, and distribution strategies used by a firm are very efficient in order to increase profitability. Rotana Jets has been keen to ensure that its supply chain is managed appropriately to deliver the desired results in the market. The diagram below shows some of the most important activities that the operations manager will be concerned with in supply chain management. The products, especially the jets will be coming directly from the manufacturer to the firm. Once this is received, the firm will use the input to offer travel services to the custome
William and Colin (2009) define scientific discoveries as the incoming achievements that are majorly grasped through a thorough exploitation and research on nature and the societal needs. Horton and Freire (2006) assert that, for decades, scientific discoveries have formed the backbone for the worldwide technological advancement and revolutions, which have created a turning point to the direction of the economic development and revolution in the social production. Notably, discoveries bear a special significance on the modern stages of technological progress. As envisioned by Juan Enriquez, scientific, coupled with the discoveries of genomics have spearheaded the growth of the business world and increased economic influence. This paper, therefore, presents a discussion on the basis that Enriquez envisions for the future for the future of the global economy. According to William and Colin (2009), future global economy may refer to what the world may look like by the year 2040. Predictions have foretold of tremendous developments in the scientific and the technological world. A plethora of nations are to pull out of repression, poverty, and starvation caused by inadequate food supply. In addition, other predictive reports have shown the negative future trends in the future. These include overpopulation, rise on the level of terrorism and violence, climate change characterised by global warming, mass migration in search of food as the gap between the rich and the poor widening (Horton and Freire, 2006). Moreover, Juan Enriquez envisions a future with a full potential in the supply of the energy resources (Teitel, 2002). The supply of energy resources is one of the most critical aspects of an economic model. Most economic activities in a country or across the globe such as industrialisation owe their success to the adequate and reliable source of energy. The global economic progress depends on the development of the hydrocarbon sources of energy. The hydrocarbon sources of energy should be sustained for the longest duration possible (Santayan, 2008). The use of energy should also take proper care of their impacts on the environment as well as the cost of production. Similarly, the global economic base is predicted to broaden in the near future (Teitel, 2002). The widening of the economic base across the globe is a program that aims at expanding the marketing resources to not only one superior and economically stable state such as the US markets but also encouraging the individual local market resources. Achieving this will limit the vulnerability accompanied with the overreliance on the sales of energy resources. The program also aims at creating new markets in the future from where products are expected to rise from both the natural and human resources supply (Horton and Freire, 2006). Integrating the discoveries of genomics and science with the w
Summary In their article titled “The Interplay between Customer Participation and Difficulty of Design Examples in the Online Designing Process and Its Effect on Customer Satisfaction: Mediational Analyses”, Chang, Chen and Huang (2009) address the effect of involving customers in design process on customer satisfaction. The authors note that there has been a trend towards customized products. They argue that today customers want to be involved in design of their products so that they can include specific features that they desire. Some key companies such as Dell and Adidas invite customer to participate in design of their product by prescribing specific features that they wish to be included (Chang, Chen and Huang 147). According to the author, involving customers in design process can not only increase their satisfaction but also motivate them to pay more for a product. In addition to satisfaction, the authors suggest that involving customers in designing a product increases their self-congruity. Although customer involvement generally increases satisfaction and self-congruity, the effect is subject to perceived complexity of design. Complex design, they note, can discourage customers that lack technical knowledge to understand the designs. In their study, Chang, Chen and Huang (2009) focus on effect of customer involvement when using “online interactive design tools” (Chang, Chen and Huang 147). In the study, the authors intended to investigate whether customer satisfaction was enhanced by involving customers using online interactive design tools, whether level of complexity had effect on customer satisfaction, effect of customer involvement on their self-congruity and whether self-congruity varied with level of complexity of a design. To accomplish the
Introduction A disabled person is an individual living with mental or physical impairment, which largely hinders him or her from performing one or more activities in life. A person may also be termed as disabled if he or she had impairment previously or is viewed as disabled by society according to personal or group principles or rules. Examples of such impairment are cognitive, sensory, mental disorders, and physical impairments. Impairment may occur in someone’s lifetime or right at birth. According to the Americans with Disability Act, there are three stages of disability namely; the impairment of the main roles in life, a legal treatment record that recognizes an individual’s impairment history. Thirdly, features that lead to the branding or stigmatization of the person as debilitated or inadequate (U.S. Department of Justice par.2). Statement of purpose This paper will identify different forms of prejudice underlying cultural representations of people with impairment and analyze their effects. Disability just like sexism or racism is social cruelty and unfairness. This is because it is the restriction or denial from participating in the activities, which
Mass media is widespread at present and radio is one of the well-known types of mass media. The content of the material that we hear on the radio nowadays differs from the quality of the material that was recent. The most valuable reason is that present time radio is owned by large corporations and syndicates and they make a potential influence on what we hear on the radio today. The most important problem of new owners is that they make a great impact on the content of the material that is spoken on the radio i.e. great number of business news, financial and economical life of this or that country. But they do not pay any attention to the needs and wants of the population in general and the constant listeners in particular. It is important to mention some historical facts about radio in the US. The first commercial radio station in the U.S., such as KDKA in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, appeared in present-day life in 1920. The first constant old-time radio shows had begun by 1922. In the late 1920s, musical programs had very popular shows including opera, big bands, jazz, classical, popular and modern music (Brady 1). Because of the diversity and complexity of the region, the conversation must touch upon the problem of changes, functional uses, and the appearance of the new types of communication (Sussman 133). Let’s have a closer look at Canadia’s first local all-news radio station. The beginning of Canadian broadcasting developed certain American flavor. All the chiefs tried not to allow the U.S. influences on their programs, but despite this news radio and television programs, U.S.-based, fast-paced video, and increased ownership concentration are becoming more usual and everybody can admit this state. The United State’s all-news pioneers together with Westinghouse Broadcasting CHFI’s owners helped Canada’s first local all-news radio station, CHFI, to appear in June in Toronto to the wider population, and now it has the great plan to provide a local all-news channel in Toronto. They took the idea of this project after New York 1 News in Manhattan (Sussman 133). The proclamation and the statement of the news vice president and the executive editor of CHFI touched upon the problem that their company’s emphasis had been that if it had a great experience in the U.S., they had a chance to look at it, and he also claimed that. When they decided to go into all-news radio they discussed it with Westinghouse and they agreed to help them. Their top people helped train their news and sales staffs. They even borrowed a little from their all-news slogan, ‘Give Us 22 Minutes We’ll Give You the World.’ Their slogan is ’20 Minutes of News Every 20 Minutes (Sussman 133). There are a lot of clients on this all-news radio station and all of them state that the radio helps to improve their newscast and reporting. The main impact on the quality of the radio material is that new radio owners i.e. corporations and syndicates, in the opinion of the majority o
Ingmar Bergman’s film Persona is aimed at exploring the experiences of a person who lives in an existential world which is dominated by the feeling of loneliness and anxiety. Under such circumstances, people often feel helpless and alienated from one another. In turn, Bergman focuses on the relations between two women, Elisabet and Alma, who pass through a period of an intense emotional crisis. These characters try to feel empathy for one another. They find it very difficult to do so. This is one of the issues that should be discussed. At first, one should pay attention to the opening sequence of this film. This prelude is not presented in the form of a narrative. Instead, the viewers can see various cuts that seem to be unrelated. For example, one can mention the images of crucifixion, a spider, or the slaughter of a lamb. Moreover, it is necessary to remember about an unnamed boy who wakes up in the room in which there are only corpses. Furthermore, Ingmar Bergman incorporates the excerpts from some horror movie that depicts a person chased by the symbolic figures of death and devil. Overall, these images are necessary to describe the fears of an individual who lives in an existential world. This is one of the details that can be identified. Moreover, this prelude is necessary to illustrate the artistic depictions of people’s inmost desires and fears. So, the opening s
Introduction Oscar Wilde, who was an Irish poet and writer, lived between 1854 and 1900. He was one of the most popular playwrights in London after writing several works. His novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray , is his most famous work of art, which he is remembered for even today, but many critics argue that he wrote the novel from a psychoanalytic point of view (Gomel 75). According to some critics, literature should boost morality within society and not immorality. This novel, according to them, did not hold on to the values of society (Kennedy and Gioia 98). His intellectualism can be directly associated with his parents who had achieved much of it by the time he was born. Due to the influence he had from his intellectual parents, he was able to follow suit, making him an excellent student, especially during his time in the university, where he used to read widely. His interests were based on aesthetic theme and, after his university education, he moved to London to further his career on the same subject (Gray 13; Riquelme 87). Due to his love of beauty, he published several poems, dialogues and essays that bring out his interests in beauty. His most famous work, a novel titled The Picture of Dorian Gray , was published in 1890, and it expresses his interests more precisely since he is able to combine the beauty he likes with wider social themes. Apart from this novel, he wrote several others, including Salome and the Importance of being Earnet , which was also a masterpiece, among others. He was imprisoned for two years when he assaulted a man, making him a homosexual. Nevertheless, in prison, he did not stop being a writer. He wrote one book while in jail and when he was out, he left for Paris, where he died at the age of forty-six (McKenna 29; Wilde 14). Some critics have argued that Wilde wrote The Picture of Dorian Gray from a psychoanalytic viewpoint, defining his life, rather than how he would have loved his life to be during his existence on the earth. This paper analyzes this claim and shows whether there was some secret connection between Wilde and his characters. Biography about Oscar Wilde As an introduction to a later version of the novel, Wilde wrote a quote that can be translated to mean that he believed that the character, Basil Hallward, is what he thought he was. According to him, the world thinks he is Lord Henry, yet another character in the novel, while Gray is the character that carries the title of the novel, is what Wilde would like to be in other times. From this quote, several critics have argued in and out of favor with Wilde. Some critics have, however, tried to show Wilde’s connection with all these characters. As the novel begins, we are introduced to Basil, who is an artist, and he is first meeting Gray, a very beautiful young man. Th
Practicing public relations in Canada and the United States has both differences and similarities in terms of educational orientation, required skills, and constructs involved in communication and public relations integration. In this respect, public relations as a discipline in Canada is often regarded as semi-profession because it relies more on developing technical skills rather than on expanding communications orientation (Flynn and Sevigny 8). Lack of communication perspectives does not allow Canadians to embrace the issues of diversity. In this respect, the US culture of public relations is centered on promoting communication and cooperation, as well as facing the challenges of diversity in the workplace (Timms 3). Therefore, the main difference between representing the culture of public relations in both countries lies in the degree of its application to a business environment. Thus, Canadian practices are more linked to educational issues, although they lack a theoretical foundation, whereas the American vision of public relations is associated with business activities. Despite the differences in theoretical orientation, the culture of public relations can still be compared and identified in terms of immigration policy and crisis management (Likely 655). In particular, both countries practice the excellence theory that focuses on the value of public relations in business organizations. Specific attention is paid to social corporate responsibility (Grunig 1). Both Canadian and American theorists consider public relations to be an important contribution to the management field. Finally, the engagement in public relations in Canada and the United States is also associated with the globalization process ( Canada-U.S. Public Policy and Regulatory Affairs n. p.). In particular, both countries resort to similar practices to meet the international standards of cooperation and communication. More importantly, the Canadian and American communication departments are working on developing efficient communication strategies to face such urgent issues as cross-cultural interaction and morale and ethics in managing cultural diversity. Therefore, ethics is another important dimension that is considered within the context of public relations practices in both countries. Some specific laws and regulations contribute to the development of new ethical codes. Works Cited Canada-U.S. Public Policy and Regulatory Affairs. 2012. Web. Flynn, Terence, and Alexandre Sevigny. “The Paradox of Public Relations/Communications Management Education in Canada: Taught but not Studied.” The McMaster Journal of Communication , 6.1 (2009): 7-12. Web. Grunig, James. n. d. Excellence Theory in Public Relations . Web. Likely, Fraser. n. d., A Different Country, A Different Pu
Foucault asserts in his seminal text The History of Sexuality the evolution of sexuality and how carnal pleasures gradually became something to look down upon by the society on grounds of impropriety and being against the work ethic of the Victorian industrialism. The silence for centuries and the inherent hypocrisy involved in the repression is what Foucault is more concerned about (8). Foucault’s take on the history of sexuality is more of a discourse rather than the evolution of the same. He primarily focuses on the gradual downplaying of sexuality by society and marvels at those good old days when “bodies made a display of themselves” (4). And that the society has not only downplayed or undermined the significance or right of openness of sexuality but has repressed this aspect of life is his concern in the entire text. Moreover, he launches a vehement attack on the “repressive hypothesis” (15) during the 19 th century and gets down to bitter vituperative on the prohibition of any discussion or action related to sexuality in open so shunned by society. That sexuality has been subjected to such extreme marginalization by the society and the power structures working therein to justify these acts and shove
Introduction Successful management of healthcare organizations requires specific knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs). While leaders can learn some of these in classrooms and textbooks, others are innate or developed through experience. Healthcare managers and administrators are in increasing demand as the organizations become more cumbersome and complex. Successful administration is central to quality patient care and the smooth running of hospitals. Therefore, managers and administrators must possess or develop key KSAs to improve every organization they manage. Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities The knowledge required to manage healthcare organizations successfully includes accounting, finance, computing, statistics, industry trends, and new technologies. Accounting knowledge is critical in every management role as it is the language of business. It refers to the processes of recording, interpreting, classifying, and reporting financial transactions and economic data of the company (Ochonma et al., 2018). Various stakeholders use the data to make significant decisions about the organization. Healthcare organizations produce such financial documents for administrators, investors, regulators, managers, staff, and the public. Administrators need to understand financial statements to understand the company’s performance, resource allocation, and important decisions for the organization. Financial knowledge is necessary to facilitate the manager’s budgeting, projecting expenditures, allocating resources, and making investment choices. Additionally, administrators negotiate with financial institutions, including insurance providers, vendors, and suppliers. Finance knowledge is applicable in managing working capital, choosing long-term investment options, evaluating and planning, handling risks, and contracting (Pittman & Kolakowski, 2020). While administrators make most financial decisions, healthcare managers need to contribute to asset management tasks, procurement of equipment, contracts, negotiations, and fund distribution. Hospital managers and administrators must have advanced computer knowledge to increase productivity, and become more efficient and effective in their daily tasks. These leaders must analyze huge volumes of data most of the day to establish and understand relationships (Pittman & Kolakowski, 2020). Important skills include spreadsheets, presentations, word processors, and internet knowledge (Ochonma et al., 2018). Spreadsheet software will help the administrators in data analysis and visualization, while word processors will facilitate professional documents, such as memos, contracts, and letters. Healthcare administrators should have basic statistics knowledge to comprehend numerical data. All hospital data, including expenditures, patient outcomes, and efficacy measures, are presented as numerical data (Pittman & Kolakowski, 2020). The administrator should have enough knowledge to identify links between the data and manipulate it to produce projections and alternatives. Besides, the leaders must stay informed about industry trends and new technologies in the sector. Effectiv