ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Negotiation aims to resolve the conflict between my colleague and me for the benefit of both the corporate operations and our relationship. Each of us tried to humiliate the other at the stalemate level, thus resulting in negligence of our purpose in the work environment. The process went into a stalemate when my workmates felt the adverse effects of our conflict on the operations of the business. My reaction stalled the normal operations in the sales department, which prompted the sales manager’s intervention. After understanding the cause of the problem, the chief accountant and the human resource manager were engaged because promotional issues lie in the human resource department. However, the negotiation process faced potential barriers to achieving the anticipated goals. The conflict had escalated to a point where other persons got involved. The sales department personnel had realized that I had developed a bad attitude towards them. In response, they linked my behavior to pride since I had been working with them before getting a promotion. Moreover, my colleague viewed the human resource manager as biased since he is qualified for the position, and thus my promotion was allegedly not only based on merit but also as biased. Additionally, neither my colleague nor I was willing to reconcile with each other at a time when the negotiation process was starting. I had anger and bitterness towards my colleague because I felt that he was the major cause of the conflict. I could not understand why he developed a bad attitude towards me after getting a promotion, and I had have worked with him in the sales department for a long period. I concluded that he was jealous and thus I considered him as the biggest enemy to my career success. On the other hand, my colleague could not understand why I put pressure on him after getting a promotion especially having worked with him and learned his working behaviors. He felt that I was trying to humiliate him due to my higher position. Therefore, he considered me arrogant and unworthy of being considered a friend. Hence, the negotiation process could not succeed without us resolving our twisted notions and attitudes towards each other. The individuals involved in the negotiation process were of high caliber in the workplace. Our immediate bosses needed to be involved in the negotiation process, which explains why both the chief accountant and the sales manager were present. Their main interests were to present the departments since our conflict was interdepartmental when looked at from the business operations perspective. Moreover, they were to clarify our roles in our respective departments and inform us of the relationship between the two departments coupled with how we should conduct ourselves when interacting in business operations. Hence, the two had a great influence on the negotiation process, and their best no-deal options were to ensure that their departmental operations we
Introduction Hypertension is one of the world’s most common medical conditions, which negatively impact the quality of life. It is estimated that approximately nine million people die each year because of the elevated blood pressure and its subsequent complications (Kitt et al., 2019). Not only can hypertension itself cause negative symptoms, but it is also a risk factor for larger cardiovascular diseases. Many people have to cope with this condition even after being discharged from hospitals, which implies out-patient care. The lack of doctors or other medical personnel in the vicinity necessitates the use of technology to facilitate care and prevent sudden health deterioration. The condition itself refers to the situation when the arteries are pressured by blood so much that the walls of the arteries may be damaged. Blood pressure is a normal physiological phenomenon, which occurs when blood presses against arteries. Arteries allow blood to flow throughout the body to supply the tissue. However, if there is excessive pressure of blood against the artery walls, there is a risk of aneurysms, clots, strokes, and heart attacks. Subsequently, people with hypertension have to constantly measure the levels of their blood pressure and manage it. The search for technology, which would help patients manage hypertension is a recurring theme in current research. Although most people associate medical advancements with high-precision surgery equipment, in reality, medical sphere can incorporate technological innovations, which are present in the daily life. The modern era is characterized by almost universal digitalization, which can also be applied to healthcare. Digital technology is beneficial because it removes inconvenience of constant manual data retrievals. Understanding what modern technological solutions can alleviate the inconvenience of monitoring blood pressure is essential in ascertaining their applicability to caring for patients with hypertension. Literature Review Overall, five sources are studied, which provide insight into the management of hypertension. The first common theme is the importance of measurement in management of blood pressure. For instance, Dzau and Balatbat (2019) note that “recent research has not yielded major advances in hypertension” (p. 451). There are no new drugs, which would ease pa
Introduction The Battle of Gettysburg took place on July 1 – July 3 1863. It is considered by many historians to be a significant event that changed the tide of events during the American Civil War. During these three crucial days, there was no side particularly dominating and every side had its successes and defeats. Every decision taken by the commanders of the two sides were so crucial so much so that the war might have won by either side. The Battle of Gettysburg took place when Confederate General Robert E. Lee invaded the North soon after his victory in the battle of Chancellorsville (Hall 19). Though supported by Ewell, James Longstreet and A. P. Hill, in the absence of his cavalry under J.E. B. Stuart, Lee did not have sufficient information to take a decision regarding whether or not to attack his enemy. He finally received information that George G. Meade was camping north of the Potomac and ordered his own forces to go there. Meade sent John F. Reynolds in front to obtain a position at Pipe Creek in Maryland. However, on July 1, battle broke out on the Chambersburg pike just west of Gettysburg between the troops covering Reynolds and Confederate forces and Gettysburg thus became the site of a historical battle in an unintentional manner (July 1–3, 1863). Thesis: The battle of Gettysburg is remembered in history as a turning point in the American Civil War – the one that tilted victory towards the side of the Union forces. Background to the War The plans for the battle of Gettysburg were laid in the spring of 1863 and at that time both the sides had suffered huge losses and waiting to end the bloodshed. Federal troops lost to smaller confederate forces in Virginia in 18632 and 1863 and this damaged the morale of the Union side. Added to this, the peace movement in the North gained momentum. The federal forces did well in the western front under Ulysses S. Grant, who laid siege to Vicksburg, the last confederate stronghold on the Mississippi (Carlisle and Golson, p. 25). However, the side needed a win on the eastern theater of war and in particular a win against General Robert E. Lee in Northern Virginia. General Lee had tasted some successes on the battlefield but those successes had come at great cost, especially the victories at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville caused huge casualties to both sides. According to Stephen W.Sears, in Gettysburg, Lee realized that the Confederacy cannot win a war of attrition against the larger Northern side (Sears, p. 279). Hence he had to make a decision whether to retire to Richmond and stand a siege, and ultimately get defeated or invade Pennsylvania. Lee decided to take the war to the enemy, crossed the Potomac, and marched north near to the town of Gettysburg. In the meantime, the Union Army had made important changes. General George G. Meade was made commander instead of Hooker. Meade was a simple man never talked much but was a gre
The Sermon on the Mount teaches about Christian ethics that the members of the religion should follow to live a righteous and happy life. The teachings in the Sermon on the Mount advocate for Christians to live a life geared toward generating harmony with other members of the society. It calls for Christians to be sensitive about their neighbors’ needs, and it compels them to ensure they help each other through hard times. It promises Jesus’ followers plenty of blessings if they live by the morals dictated by the Sermon. The values presented in the Sermon on the Mount were designed to ensure that people the society live in harmony with each other. Through the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus taught Christians how to live a life that is pleasing to God. He advocated for his followers to live a happy life filled with love, forgiveness, and peace. The Bible contains many teachings highlighting the morals that Christians must observe in their daily lives, but the Sermon on the Mount collects all the values and places them in one teaching. Jesus must have intended to summarize the entire content of the laws by which Christians should live. The teachings are geared toward fostering a society that shares Jesus’ perspective to life, and Christians should strive to attain this level of righteousness. Following Jesus’ footsteps on a daily schedule is quite challenging for Christians because of the demands the course has on personal behavioral control. The Sermon on the Mount is a clear depiction of what Jesus would do if he were faced with the pressures of life that face men, but in the modern world, assuming such a high level of goodness can be challenging. It is quite evident that while following the guidelines in the Sermon on the Mount Christians can develop a harmonious environment around each other, but the mutual acceptance to practice the teachings can hardly be attained by all members of the society. The Sermon on the Mount is a summary of the rules that should govern Christian’s lives, but some provisions of the Sermon are not easily attainable. For instance, when Jesus said that Christians should avoid worrying about things they cannot control, he posed a very difficult challenge to his followers. People naturally have to worry when things fail to go their way; hence, it is difficult to live by the standards set by Jesus. It is also quite difficult to follow the entire list of the laws presented in the Sermon on the Mount, but the majority of the laws can be practically applied in the modern world. For instance, it is quite easy to refrain from judging others, to forgive and set things right with enemies, and to treat others the way one would like them to treat him or her. It is, however, quite difficult to keep off anger when one is wronged, especially with close friends. Feeling angry is an emotion over which a normal human being cannot possibly have exclusive control. While some of the teachi
The environment of the health care system requires the presence of multiple experts in different fields in order to deliver proper services. Therefore, for healthcare providers involved in the process to implement their tasks as effectively as possible, the understanding of the differences between their roles and responsibilities is vital. The distinction between nurses and dentists might seem obvious at first, yet in the dentistry environment, their health care roles may overlap, which could create confusion. Although both dentists and nurses are expected to diagnose an issue and administer treatment, the role of a nurse is geared toward assisting a dentist. The main distinction between a nurse and a dentist concerns the extent of their qualification for assisting patients. Namely, in contrast to a dentist, who is eligible for performing all kinds of dental procedures needed for addressing patients’ needs, a nurse’s options are restricted to a lesser range. For instance, during surgeries, a nurse can provide support and assistance to a dental surgeon. The specified assistance typically involves handing surgical tools, preparing the environment for specific procedures, and preparing medications that will be used, later on, during a surgery (Rixon et al., 2017). The task of sterilizing surgical equipment before the procedure starts is also usually assigned to a nurse. Furthermore, as a nurse, one is expected to communicate with patients, recording their medical history and locating crucial data that can be used during the treatment process. The extent to which nurses participate in administrative duties is also significantly higher than that one of a dentist. Namely, it is expected of a nurse to carry out performance reviews and attend staff meetings during which key work-related issues are discussed. In addition, nurses may be responsible for designing personnel procedures. Thus, the role of a nurse includes checking that all goals set for specific tasks are met as swiftly and in as cost-efficient a manner as possible (Gonnelli & Raffagnino, 2018). In turn, a dentist is not expected to take the described administrative actions; instead, a dentist is supposed to diagnose health issues, administer treatment, and perform other tasks associated with direct management of patients’ needs. Overall, compared to a dentist, a nurse typically performs the functions that are linked to the role of an assistant. Namely, a nurse would ensure that every instrument is in the required condition and that the patient has been fully prepared for the further treatment process. In contrast to a nurse, a dentist i
Waitrose Industrial placement is a program that belongs to John Lewis Partnership and it aims at helping continuing students in developing their careers and talents through professional training. An individual seeking placement with the service has an option of working in the sales department, retail/merchandising, purchasing and supply, and logistics and operation. The company has close to three-hundred branches countrywide and a student is likely to be posted in any of these branches. Anyone seeking placement is expected to possess a number of qualities, one being taking an initiative where the intern has to ensure the boss works without many difficulties and produce the desire results. The intern has to anticipate what the senior manager in the department wants and aspire to deliver the best result before he or she is asked to do so. The second quality pertains to hard work implying the intern has to give the best to the organization. In many cases, the organization is likely to forget the intern once the agreed term is over, but a hardworking individual is rare to forget. Under the placement service, a student should develop a special quality where he or she under promises and strives to over deliver. This would definitely guarantee success, but it does not come easy because an individual has to develop an additional quality in the form of humility. Pride leads to devastation whereas humbleness results in honour. An intern is always under the process of learning and it is advisable that listening is employed as a major quality. An individual who speaks a lot does not command respect from colleagues because too much talking is associated with underperformance. Therefore, placement at Waitrose Industrial has to be guided by special listening skills to improve communication between interns and the management. Interns seeking placement with Waitrose Industrial have to treat each person equally, irrespective of whether it is the client, fellow employee, or other partners. They should never treat people based on their social statuses, race, or ethnicity because this will definitely have a negative impact on the organization. Feeling inferior is one of the problems that many interns face. It is something that interferes with personal identity. Based on this, the intern has to be confident that the job will be done effectively and in an appropriate way. The UK grocery market has been stable for the past twenty years, but instability was reported recently because of the emerging price wars and falling of the prices of food commodities. The value of important products, such as milk and bread, are now 4% less as compared to the previous years. The market leader, Sainsbury, has been overtaken by Tesco because of stiff competition that calls on supermarket chains to devise specific strategies to cope with pressure. The new entrants in the industry are offering huge discounts that attract custo
Introduction Disability is a term that is used to described people who are not able to independently live, achieve their livelihood, attain mobility, speak, learn, take care of themselves among other problems. Most of these are developmental problems and others can occur as a result of accidents. Other disabilities are congenital, that is, a disability one was born with as a result of genetic failure. Some of these disabilities include Down syndrome, cerebral palsy, fetal alcohol syndrome among others. The word disability was first used in 1970 in the U.S where it was used by the congress as they were setting the law in order to improve the living standards of institutions where the disadvantaged people were living (Neef, 2001). The word disability is also used in the society to describe a group of people who need specialized services. The disabled in the society are identified by the support groups who are offering the services (Tassoni et al, 2005). From the medical field disability can be used to describe people who have mental disorder, physical, cognitive or chronic diseases that can occur before birth or during life time. Disability is also personal and how a person deals with it depends on the support of family members, friends, relatives, and peers. The medical model concentrates on how a disabled person interacts with other people while society model shows how the society interacts with disabled persons. Disabled people may suffer isolation and discrimination and to prevent this society should be aware of these people and help them with their needs (Scrambler, 2008). Medical Model of Disability Medical model of disability takes disability as a personal thing and it has to be determined by a doctor and a person has to provide medical certificates to prove his disability. Medical model view disability as a deficiency and that being disabled is
Introduction Geographic information systems (GIS) have found widespread applications in many diverse fields as the number and range of such applications continue to increase with GIS extending to other fields. Biotechnology; a field in agriculture is one such area. The principal purpose of biotechnology is to improve productivity thus offering food security in areas that have faced food shortages in the past. With incorporation of GIS, meeting biotechnology goals has been realizable. For instance, the South African government is realizing better crop production due to utilization of GIS coupled with biotechnology. With help of GIS, authorities are coming up with more authentic and precise crop estimates to counter uncertainty in the South African grain industry. This move helps in achieving biotechnology goals; that is, improved crop production hence, food security. Producer Independent Crop Estimate System (PICES) is currently in use in South Africa and is used primarily to estimate area covered by grain crops. Nevertheless, there are several challenges facing integration of GIS in this agricultural sector as explicated later in this paper. Why GIS in Biotechnology Elementarily, understanding geography and establishing its relationship with other fields like agriculture, enables people to make wise decisions and in this case, wise food security decisions. According to Wyland (2009, p. 4), “the ability of GIS to analyze and visualize agricultural environments and work flows has proved to be very beneficial to those involved in the farming industry.” In biotechnology, GIS is helping to foster production, manage land expeditiously, and cut unnecessary costs in production. It is true that farmers cannot control farming natural inputs like soil, land, and rainfall among others; however, understanding these inputs through analysis by GIS systems, would work to their advantage in achieving their objectives in farming. For instance, through GIS, farmers can determine crop yield approximates, canvass soil amendments, detect soil erosion and postulate remediation strategies. Moreover, GIS is used to study other farming practices like pest control, fertilizer application, and crop diseases among others. The Most Appropriate Data Model The most appropriate data model in this agricultural application is the vector data models/structures (Soller 1999). “This mapping approach characterizes the vertical variations of physical properties in each 3-D map unit” (Soller & Berg 2003). This model addresses the issue of determining land under grain crops better. The three dimensional mapping element of this model qualifies it as the most appropriate tool. Moreover, this model is the best tool for mapping geographical space; i
Every individual possesses a unique set of psychological characteristics, and this is why the existence of all teams is associated with diversity. Leading a team is a practice that is inextricably connected with leadership challenges, especially when it comes to the necessity to empower team members. Finding the right way to empower people in a team is extremely important as the opportunity to make decisions on their own has a positive impact on many individuals, making them more creative and immune to stress. There is a range of ways to empower individuals who form teams at work or educational institutions. Importantly, a thoughtful leader is supposed to choose the empowering strategy based on the key task of a team and its urgency. I believe that the approach to empowering other people should be chosen concerning the context of the situation and my relationships with others. Being a person who sets a high value on diverse social interactions, I have vast experience in leading various teams. However, there is no specific empowering strategy that I use under any circumstances. When I was a sports team captain a few years ago, I formed my strategy operating on the premise that my teammates and I were in an equal position. Taking into account that we were not professional sporting participants, I thought that all team members were equally responsible for the outcomes and this leadership was rather informal. My approach to empowering others in that team included strengthening emotional links between players and encouraging openness. Thus, in more informal situations, I tend to choose necessary practices proceeding from the fact that emotional cohesiveness helps individuals to enjoy teamwork and get positive emotions (Smith 17). As for me, I am convinced that all people benefit from trust-based relationships with teammates, and this approach helps them to succeed. The strategy that I prefer to use to empower people in my team is different from the previous one when it comes to all-or-none situations that require taking well-considered decisions. In his book, Lowney defines love as one of the most important qualities of leadership. To him, people who implement a love-driven approach to leadership can see each follower’s talents clearly and find unique ways to elicit their potential (Lowney 170). In my opinion, the combination of this approach and measures helping to create a culture of responsibility acts as the best-empowering strategy to be used in difficult business situations. Various practices are helping to foster teamwork, but the quality of group working heavily depends on the extent to which people see their efforts as important. To foster teamwork among those whom I lead, I prefer to ensure that all team members are interested in achieving the cho