ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Fourie and Meyer’s study explores the role of libraries in the makerspace movement (Fourie and Meyer 519). Makerspaces are informal places that are suitable for art or science performances. Such places are necessary for individuals who can cooperate with each other in order to develop new concepts, improve their skills, and design innovative products. Makerspaces are made up of people with different backgrounds and experience. One of the basic principles that participants abide by is constructionism. Makerspaces support creative activities and attract different specialists to various educational areas. For example, libraries and museums provide such makerspaces and opportunities. Many reliable specialists underline the importance of such practices as they help to increase interest in sciences and arts among teenagers. It is very important to cultivate a culture of creators, not consumers. New opportunities for children to improve their designing skills encourage them to get involved more deeply in science and engineering. Various educators support this movement and establish learning environments in different settings. In addition, researchers throughout the world actively study this area, suggesting new methods for the development of makerspaces. They create different online resources for both learners and educators. Many works in this field focus on achievements of young people who learn through making. In spite of the fact that there is much attention to establishing makerspaces, there is still not enough information about their inner processes. Many libraries establish makerspaces, and their members are mostly adults interested in different aspects of making. The main characteristic of such communities is enthusiasm to explore new areas. The members can work individually and in groups. However, the overall performance of the community is of the highest priority. Learning processes are based on different methods and united in systems. Specialists working in makerspaces understand that it is very important to pay particular attention to enjoyment and fulfillment when it comes to creating. They try to address the problem of underemployment, improving employment opportunities for all participants. Academic libraries support various researchers and enhance collaboration. Makerspaces provide not only spaces and tools but also cultivate a fun environment. There is a high demand for new makerspaces. Therefore, it is necessary to extend physical spaces and create online platforms that ensure effective interaction and cooperation. This process also requires providing access to academic publications. Electronic formats of books are highly relevant nowadays. Another important aspect is socializatio
Introduction Human life consists of making choices, which also involve weighing benefits and risks. Every nation, every corporate organization, every institution and every individual always seem to avoid risky situation and as such, their tasks are to minimize or evade risk as much as possible. According to Beck, risk is the modern approach employed in seeing in prior the forthcoming consequences of human action and controlling them. These consequences are the unintended results of radicalized modernization (Beck, 1999). Dynamisms in the structure and composition of the human society have meant that humans confront new challenges which hitherto did not exist. Main body Terrorism, global warming, population explosion, food crisis, technology and looming nuclear war are all consequences of human action which pose a major threat to their survival. As such, these are the risks humans are faced with. The negative concept of risk has been the focus of many individuals. For corporate strategists, the negative concept of risk affect how they prioritize, allocate resources and opportunity cost. Risk also directs political mobilization and such, a very powerful tool which has made traditional political categories to be irrelevant. Risk was defined in the public co
Early-childhood education is a fundamentally vital level of the academic system that determines the prowess of pupils. However, this level is affected by social-economic inequality that may influence the progress of the pupils. Accordingly, this paper will analyze and summarize research that was conducted in this field. Summary Early childhood and care (ECEC) has been facilitated by the administration systems of nations across the globe. There are impacts that appear in the effective learning processes for non-disabled learners during inclusion. For instance, Reiter and Vitany (2010) researched the effects of inclusion on the regular learners’ burnout, mind-set, and quality of intercession. Specifically, the research methods incorporated the use of 12 boys and 11 girls at the ages of 9 and 10 and inclusive education models. Moreover, the students were involved in other school life activities and mingled between classes of the autistic children and the regular classes. In conclusion, the ending remark from this research indicated that interventions did not prove to be a way of handling all learners with autism. Other negativities of inclusion identified some limits when fulfilling the principle of the least restrictive environment (LRE) in regard to children with autism. In a statement, he pointed out that the children could make great achievements when treated in an exclusive manner. For instance, children with high degrees of autism receive close and special lessons that are not necessary for non-disabled learners. Analysis The research study presented by Reiter and Vitany (2010) has applied adequate data that makes the research reliable. This research study has dictated the issues that are pertinent to the provision of equitable education through the process of inclusion. However, with the introduction of an educational system where pupils with mild special needs and normal ones are combined, it is crucial to extend the research to this level of equitability. This extension can inquire and identify ways of treating normal and disabled students equally. In regard to the issues of validity and biases, the research had no regional segmentation. It can be based on the first-world countries whose educational systems have higher standards than the developing countries. On the other hand, the study might make conclusions that cannot be generalized to apply in other parts of the world, such as Africa. Although the research has considered fundamental aspects affecting education, including the social and economic factors, it is critically important to approach the research from a broader perspective (Gall, Gall, & Borg, 2010). In this regard, it should focus on various regions, such as Asia and Africa, because people have migrated from profoundly and int
Introduction The modern world can be characterized by the extreme speed of globalization. Individuals live in an international society encompassing various cultures and mentalities. This unique environment is formed under the impact of multiple factors. The development of the means of transport, the emergence of new tendencies in the international discourse, and the blur of borders provided people with an opportunity to investigate the world, change their locations, and start new lives in different countries of the world. The combination of these aspects creates the ground for the formation of a globalized community of a new generation that impacts all spheres of peoples activities and preconditions the emergence of new trends in their behaviors. For this reason, the given paper delves into the peculiarities of globalization and aims at the investigation of the way it impacts people’s choices including the economic aspect. Globalization in Everyday Lives People now may not notice the results of globalization as it has become an integral part of their everyday life. However, there are multiple examples of it. For instance, ordering Chinese food contributes to the development of this phenomenon as it is a case of the interference of a particular culture in the lives of individuals across the globe. There are many other examples such as the popularity of sushi, furniture from IKEA, McDonald’s restaurants in various countries, and American pop culture. In such a way, a modern person lives in an environment that evolved under the strong impact of globalization (Ritzer & Dean, 2015). In their personal lives, people enjoy the results of this process by meeting individuals from other countries or benefiting from using elements of unusual lifestyles or customs. Every day lives are significantly affected by this aspect as human beings remain a part of the society and alter together with it. Economic Aspect Another example of the increased importance of globalization in people’s lives is the economic aspect of communities functioning and peoples behavior. The growth of globalization promotes the empowerment of foreign markets and their rising importance in the lives of communities. For instance, today, there is a ground for the development of foreign markets and trade as global corporations enter different areas to spread their influence and generate profit (Steger, 2017). That is why there are also multiple protective mechanisms elaborated by people to protect their interests in the sphere of economics. Some buyers might prefer to buy products from local manufacturers while other compare pricing policies and the quality of suggested goods to select the most appropriate option and remain satisfied with their purchase. Corporations and Commo
The ethical issues that can be identified in the case can be divided into two categories, the issues involving the main question of the case, i.e. ending the health coverage and pension plans, and issues related to the case in general. One of the ethical issues, which are not connected to the question of the case, is related to executive compensation. In that regard, the issue can be framed as questions, the example of which can be seen as follows:   * Is the compensation of executives encourage them to benefit the company or themselves?   * Should the executives be paid the same compensations when the company faces financial problems?   * Should the rate of compensations increase be reflected in the salaries of other employees?   * Should the company compromise a portion of the compensation of executives for the benefit of the company? The aforementioned identified questions can be related to such ethical aspects as responsibility and moral leadership. The application of such ethical aspects to the identified questions can be seen in the fact that the board fails to admit its mistakes in managing the company. The latter is specifically evident when these mistakes are the result of personal choices made by the CEO, including encouraging several long-term members to leave, replacing executives, and increasing compensation. With the company, while led by Lee returning profits only four years out of ten, the ethical dimension of such aspects can be solved by taking responsibility for personal choices, embracing responsibility for serving others, and admit mistakes and failures (Lennick and Kiel). In terms of moral leadership, the ethical questions can be linked with the issues of integrity and acting consistently. Taking the core question of the case, i.e. the dilemma of ending medical benefits and the pension plan, the ethical issues can be framed through the following questions:   * Should the CEO maintain the promise made to keep healthcare and retirement benefits, regardless of the financial situation of the company?   * Does the company have the right to use the pension plan funds for other purposes?   * Should the company differentiate in the coverage of the benefits, based on long-term employees, and recently hired employees? The identified questions can be also related to different aspects of ethics, among which the issue of integrity can be repeated. One of the elements of integrity can be seen in the issue of keeping the promises, where omitting the historical significance of medical befits for the company and their employees. The deal was made with the employees to keep the union out. Such aspect can be related to deception, as unionization would have secured better healthcare coverage for the employees, compared to the outcome the CEO is about to implement. The sensitivity of the issue can be seen through the dilemma of benefitting the employees or benefitting the shareholders, and would the deception can be justified for either case. Another aspect of integrity can be seen through the role of the CEO in standing up for what is right. In that regard, the dilemma can b
Introduction In The Shawl, Ozick recounts the experiences of the Nazi female victims during the Holocaust from a maternal perspective. She fictionalizes a story of a Jewish female, Rosa, traumatized by the murder of her daughter, Magda, by the Nazis (Ozick 5). The massacre leaves Rosa obsessed with the shawl that Magda wore during her incarceration. Ozick uses the death of Magda to bring forth the feeling of loss and absence that defines mothers bereft of their children due to the Holocaust. Afterimage is a story of a teenage boy who performs voluntary work for an elusive photojournalist called Francis Jansen (Modiano 3). The boy has little recollections of Jansen, who is constantly absent from his apartment and studio. There is a sense of absence and desirous longing for the photographer by the narrator. In both stories, a general feeling of absence and loss defines the lives of the narrator and Rosa, who are fixated on past memories. The Melancholic Absence Ozick dramatizes the sense of absence and destruction through Rosa’s obsession with the shawl. Rosa’s post-Holocaust life is filled with torment due to the loss of her child in the hands of the Nazis. The severity of her agony turns her into a “madwoman and scavenger” caged in a “dark hole, a single room in a hotel” in Miami (Ozick 14). Rosa’s suffering is evident in the way she becomes withdrawn and nostalgic about Magda and Stella, her niece. In addition, Rosa suffers from extreme loneliness. Having lost her daughter, the only close relative she had was her “cold niece in Queens, New York” (Ozick 17). Evidently, Rosa misses her past life that the Nazis crushed, leaving her disillusioned and unhappy. Similarly, in Afterimage , Jansen’s elusive presence saddens the spirited narrator. Jansen is packed and ready to leave Paris after twenty-five years as a photojournalist. The young writer longs to spend time with him, but Jansen is frequently absent from his studio and apartment. Jansen believes that “a photographer was nothing, that he should blend into the surroundings and become invisible” (Modiano 55). However, the narrator does not want Jansen to disappear without a trace, which is why he chose to catalog his photographs in duplicates and retain a copy. In the story, the narrator recreates his memories of Jansen, a person he hardly knew. It is evident that Jansen’s apathy and indifference hurt the narrator. He writes that Jansen “considered people and things from a great distance, all that remained for him were vague reference points and hazy silhouettes” (Modiano 47). Therefore, the narrator is saddened by Jansen’s absence and decision to leave Paris without a trace. In both stories, the absence is associated with an endless melancholy where Rosa and the narrator recall the past with sadness. The narrator has only a f
Introduction This essay looks at the first chapter of the book, “Introduction to Services,” focusing on DHL Saudi Arabia. This chapter presents information on changes in the world economy and business practice that have driven the focus on service: the fact that services dictate the modern economies of the world; the focus on service as a competitive business imperative; particular needs of the deregulated and professional service industries; the role of new service concepts growing from technological advances; and the realization that the characteristics of services result in unique challenges and opportunities. The chapter presents a wide viewpoint of services as deeds, processes, and performances, and it drew distinctions among pure services, value-added services, customer service, and derived service. What services are and important trends in services According to Zeithaml et al (5), “ services are deeds, processes, and performances provided or coproduced by one entity or person for another entity or person.” DHL’s services intangible deeds and processes offered and co-produced for its clients. To be definite, DHL Saudi Arabia is a subsidiary of Deutsche Post DHL, an MNC with operations in more than 220 countries and more than 120,000 destinations around the world. It specializes in providing courier and express services to businesses and individual clients. In Saudi Arabia and its other destinations, DHL has focused on selected industry sectors thus its clients benefit from working with professionals, in logistics and also in their specific market place. With industry-renowned sector services it offers its clients with a real competitive advantage. In its operations, the entire services are delivered to the customer through problem analysis activities, appointments with the customer, follow-up calls, and issuing reports. The text suggests that services are not limited to service industries, but services can be lucrative and services are challenging to run and market. Service industry take a considerable and growing proportion of the world economy; yet particularly in the Saudi Arabia, customer attitudes of services are not good. The need for special services marketing concepts and practices and why the need has developed and accelerating Several dynamics have resulted to the growth of services marketing, management and many industries, firms, and individuals have defined the breadth of the concepts, procedures, and strategies which delineate the industry. In Saudi Arabia, DHL’s services marketing concepts and strategies have been adopted in response to the significant growth of service industries. DHL offers has a flexible choice of services and its customers can choose from a wide variety of services from Saturday delivery to carbon neutral transportation, thus its customers get more convenience when using its services worldwide. This has increased the need for its services in Saudi Arabia and it continues to grow i
A randomized control trial is a strategy that enhances the quality of research analysis in the field of medicine. An excellent example is a selection of newly diagnosed and a benchmarking group from the same source population. In this case, the researcher fosters optimal analysis of the data collected to derive insightful information in epidemiology (Bhatnagar et al., 2021). On the one hand, a criterion ensures the appropriate assessment of the study sample while establishing the integral value of the academic objectives. On the other hand, the distinction between the two groups intensifies the provision of comparative analysis to determine the key issue in the research. The evaluation technique poses a profound challenge to the ideal provision of insights and contribution to knowledge. This study seeks to assess the parallel type of randomized controlled trial. It refers to the exposure of the study group to only one intervention variable. The use of the dynamic exploration initiatives cultivates a debate based on the ideal perspective of quality experimentation approaches to solve the emergent analysis. Critique of Descriptive Data Analysis Plan The study of acute myeloid leukemia based on the randomized control trial is a healthcare initiative that encounters more logistic issues than systematic challenges due to the use of a descriptive approach. On the one hand, the integration of the results from the different test groups fosters an in-depth evaluation of the dynamic variables. On the other hand, the use of control test subjects and newly diagnosed patients to determine the survival rate among the patients depends on different elements and mainly racial identity. Acute myeloid leukemia is a disease accountable for a high number of cancer-related deaths, mainly as a consequence of its widespread nature and treatment environment. Although smoking is the leading cause of the disease, another factor is the overproduction of white blood cells due to the mutation of the DNA (Bhatnagar et al., 2021). Cigarettes are carcinogenic; therefore, the chemicals inhaled while smoking negatively affect the lungs’ inner walls and the bone marrow integrity. The severity of the illness and the risk of death depends on the demographic, race, cytogenetic, and molecular mainframes of the patients. The case study analysis entails the comparison between the African Americans and Non-Hispanic Whites in the DNA mutations to survival rate against acute myeloid leukemia. According to the researcher, the differences in the biological impact of disease and the socioeconomic factors play
In modern times, people have no issue with such an essential and clearly understood notion as a city. However, there was a period when the entire idea of living conditions in the rapidly developing world was heavily disputed. According to Steiner and Van Dyke, modern cities were getting unfit for regular people to live in. There was a rising issue with harmony between humans, the machines they have built, and the planet itself. This essay focuses on the fundamental ideas and questions posed by the documentary “The City” by Ralph Steiner and Willard Van Dyke. In one of the options produced by the authors, the overall image of a city that was shown in the documentary seemed chaotic and unsustainable. The authors of this documentary were conveying a simple, clear, yet vital statement for the future of the United States. Throughout this documentary, Steiner and Van Dyke highlight the fact that people need to find a way to live in harmony with nature and with themselves in order to prosper. Steiner and Van Dyke state that “We [people] never let our cities grow too big for us to manage.” Their position is clear: industrialization has its complications, and it is not the type of prosperity that the average citizen strives to see. The second part of the documentary, however, depicts another take on city life. The primary thought that the authors put in their message is that people must find a way to create a sustainable approach to achieve progress without sacrificing the quality of human lives. In my opinion, humanity has achieved success for a significant part of the world in terms of improving the lives of people who live in urban areas. The harmonious ideals of a city that integrates technology and nature have been attained in several cities of the United States and across the globe. After watching this film, I could not help but agree with the vision of the authors. Out of complexity, we created a tangled mess of human lives that were forced into a tight space together. People in cities became the faceless crowd, and they were depicted as less caring, more nervous. Moreover, the fragility of human life in the age of machines made people desensitized to the tragedy of others. The rules that should manage this flaw were still in the making, not fully formed yet. I fully agree with the author’s position that cooperation should always be in the first place. This documentary provides an in-depth look into a crucial part of revolutionizing ideas that were brought into the modern world and shaped human society. In c