ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Gentrification is not a new process. Very much have been said in regard to gentrification but still, there exist some variations in its discussions. For this reason, it is a concept that has drawn a lot of attention from different directions, each party having the need to have a deeper understanding about it. Gentrification can be defined as the process of buying and renovating of buildings/ houses located in the depreciated urban neighbourhoods by the upper and middle income individuals and families. This is aimed at improving property values although it has a negative effect of displacing the poor or the low income families and small businesses. It could also be termed as “ the process…by which poor and working-class neighbourhoods in the inner city are refurbished by an influx of private capital and middle-class homebuyers and renters….a dramatic yet unpredicted reversal of what most twentieth-century urban theories had been predicting as the fate of the central and inner-city.” (Slater 2002). This piece of work looks at the aspect of gentrification with much emphasis being given to the different perspectives that have been brought forward in regard to gentrification. Different Perspectives of Gentrification There are various perspectives of gentrification. Gentrification has been associated with an increase in the average level of income per individual and an average decrease in family size in the society. All in all, the process of gentrification does not adhere to the principle of equality between the poor and the rich but rather tends to widen the gap between them. For this reason, the followin
Porter’s five force analysis is a major determinant of a successful business venture, and these forces act on the market economy to produce a profitable organization when properly implemented (Porter, 1998). Nokia suppliers have made use of this analysis to gain ground in the competitive market economy. The firm has over 120,000 competent employees and in order to coordinate such large numbers of task force to supply the phones to over 150 countries, requires a well-structured organization with a strict management system. By talking of the bargaining power of suppliers, we are simply implying, the ability or potential to determine market prices of commodities in the economy (Michael, 1999). In the year 1998, Nokia was rated as the largest mobile phone manufacturers of all times, and they had the command of the telecommunication market and enjoyed the monopoly of controlling prices for more than a decade. The firm has enjoyed lucrative global market shares from its huge sales across the globe. With time, the market became extremely competitive with the emergence of brand new mobile phone suppliers with advanced technologies like Apple, iPhones, iPads, Samsung galaxy phones and other Android operating systems that were more appealing and very efficient with diverse applications. These new suppliers brought stiff competition and resulted in a drastic fall in Nokia’s shares and profit margins in the market. At this point, no single supplier had the power to determine market prices and hence the consumers benefited from such competitions. There are cases where suppliers merge together to form cartels to boost their bargaining power and have control of the market (Michael, 1999). Nokia Company has had several cartels and merges. In 1999, Nokia merged with Siemens in order to better their communication and network services. They later worked with Qt software, OZ organization, which was an email and messaging service provider and Navteg Company based in Chicago and dealt with the geographic information systems. They produced digital mappings and on-line navigation systems. Navteg manufactured on-line maps and navigation routes for Nokia mobile phone subscribers. At the moment, Nokia is working to form an alliance with Microsoft and start manufacturing phones with Windows operating system. This will enable them to keep up with the ever-changing technology and remain relevant in the market. If they manage to integrate the Microsoft’s Windows 7 phones, they will be able to contend with the smart phones and Android operating systems that have currently flooded the market. In conclusion, in case where the supplier faces stiff competition from other suppliers, he or she ought to be more creative and innovative by offering special and unique services that are not offered anywhere else in the market to remain relevant to the economy and match up with other top suppliers (Ireland, 2001). They also have to strengthen their distribution channels and upgrade their systems.
Introduction Performance management (PM) is a way of evaluating the level of an employee’s performance in workplace. Precisely, PM is “an ongoing communication process, undertaken in partnership between an employee and his/her immediate supervisor that involves establishing clear expectations and understanding several issues” (Bacal, 1999, p. 3). The commonly used performance management tool is the 360-degree feedback system, also commonly known as multi-rater feedback or multisource assessment because in some cases it involves external organizations to carry out some analysis stages of the assessment. Duraisingam and Skinner (2005) posit, “Any appraisal system should be relevant and applicable to everyday work, acceptable and fair, and a mutual collaboration between workers and employers” (p. 2) and 360-degree feedback complies with this observation. Just as the name suggests, 360 degrees is a circle with each arc of the circle representing an element of the employee under evaluation who sits at the centre of the circle. How 360 – Degree Feedback Works This model operates in a rather simple manner. The evaluating company puts individuals in groups within different departments after which they are required to fill questionnaires or forms answering specific questions as indicated in figure 1 below. The exercise takes less than twenty minutes; however, it is important to note that the figures used vary depending on the element and content of evaluation; it may be larger or smaller. The participating people maybe one’s peers, managers, or external individuals like suppliers, customers, or stakeholders among others. Results from the participants are sent to another company, which analyses the information presented in the results to draw conclusions. After this analysis, the analyzed results are sent back to the evaluating company for discussion to chart the way forward and implement the appropriate measures. Nevertheless, this evaluation tool is not perfect thus; it has both merits and demerits. Example of a 360-Degree Feedback Form Insert your own Feedback Form headings and instructions: appraisee name, date, feedback respondent name, position (if applicable) plus local instructions and guidelines for completion, etc. key skill/capability area                                                                                                                                                                      skill/capability element  question number  feedback question  feedback score                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 2
Dietologists have established the basics of healthy eating and maintained their position on the subject for a long time. There can be considerable variation in the specific meal plans and food intakes based on a person’s activity level, but healthy diets generally use the same principles. They mostly use vegetables and low-fat milk products but include lean meats, poultry, fish, and nuts while avoiding specific fats, cholesterol, salt, and added sugars (“Healthy Eating”). The fruits do not necessarily have to be fresh, though the state is preferable along with frozen and canned variants. A person does not have to surrender his or her favorite food, even if it may be unhealthy (“Healthy Eating”). Moderate intakes of most varieties of food can be a part of an eating plan without making it harmful. Lastly, an active lifestyle can amplify the benefits of most food regimes. People sometimes invent new diets that are generally intended to reduce the person’s weight without following traditional guidelines and struggling with the associated difficulties. Some of them, such as the Atkins diet, can become popular for some time, being called ‘fads.’ According to Fuhrman, the creator advocates the consumption of fried pork and bacon cheeseburgers, promoting a low-fiber, high-meat diet with high amounts of protein and fat. The menu succeeds at reducing a person’s weight because the lack of necessary fiber creates the feeling of starvation and forces the consumption of body fat. However, Fuhrman claims that such a diet puts the user at risk of cancer as well as permanent kidney damage. The lack of necessary vitamins and substances that are usually found in plants also is a danger, forcing users of the diet to employ food supplements. Works Cited Fuhrman, Joel. “ Dangers of the Atkins Diet. ” Health101. Web. “ Healthy Eating for a Healthy Weight. ” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . 2019. Web.
The present paper develops a focused and sustained understanding on how tourism impacts cultural change at the global level, the benefits and drawbacks arising from the interrelationship between tourism and local cultures, and what stakeholders can do to ensure that tourism does not submerge dominant cultural issues as it seeks to generate more deterministic forms of culture. The following are the major findings: Tourism & Culture: Understanding the Concepts & Relationships   * Tourism and culture are two different phenomena that not only influence each other but are both open to conflicting interpretations deeply rooted in ideological viewpoints;   * Tourism, which brings people and global societies into contact, and through them cultures and civilizations, has a critical part to play in aiding dialogue, interaction and change among cultures,   * Tourism management literature underscores that culture is not static; rather it evolves and changes, and as such the many-sided correlations it shares with tourism also change, and;   * Culture evolves with a people as a handbook for living harmoniously with each other, implying that the fundamental rights of the human being, value systems, and the traditions and beliefs evolve along the continuum of exposure to tourism activities to occasion cultural change. How Tourism triggers Cultural Change This section has analyzed various avenues through which tourism triggers and impacts cultural change. The following are the major findings: Commodification of Culture Commodification generally modifies the culture of a particular community to suit the tastes and preferences of visiting tourists, implying that the local culture becomes a “pseudo-culture” as its original meaning and implication is lost The Demonstration Effect Positive Demonstration Effect: Local communities who are in constant contact with, and exposed to, international tourists soon begin to admire the superior material possessions of the visitors and this may have positive effects by encouraging
Introduction Shortage of resources does lead to major conflicts within the country. The connection between shortage of valuable natural resources and armed conflict takes place as a combination of three causes. Firstly, constant use and qualitative erosion of the natural resource reduces its size. Secondly, increasing population involves more and more people using the natural resource, thereby causing its size to shrink further. Lastly, if the natural resource is distributed unequally, some people may receive shares too small to live on – the only solution they have is retaliation in the form of armed conflict (Urdal). Neo-Malthusians contend that such natural resources , are invariably connected to food production. Developing nations have huge populations that heavily depend on 4 main natural resources for food production: fresh water, land to grow crops, forests and fisheries. If these 4 natural resources are sufficiently available, the population is content. But if the resources are scarce, then it leads to adverse effects that exacerbate the chances of armed conflict. Such adverse effects are widespread poverty and migration that increase the already existing estrangement between societal segments on basis of religion, class, ethnicity or language. Heightened tensions and increase in competition further widens the gap between the societal segments, with some people feel increasingly deprived and socially dissatisfied, that ultimately leads to armed conflict. Global examples of what Neo-Malthusians call ‘Eco-violence’ are South Africa, where scarcity of natural resources caused the sudden occurrence of civil violence in the 1990s, and Chiapas where rebellion took place because natural resources were largely appropriated by the elite classes, who with the aid of the government, constantly disregarded the constitutional and statutory property rights of the poor classes (Urdal). Main body Demand for natural resources has definite effects on the performance of governments and the development of economies. Disproportional and widespread demand for certain natural resources such as oil has made the performance of governments of countries like Saudi Arabia and Kuwait well below par, and the economic development of these countries too has been hindered. The high global demand for oil has been accompanied by an astronomical rise in prices. The price of oil passed the $ 122 barrel milestone in May this year, with Goldman Sachs predicting the price could spiral up to $ 200 in the next 2 years (Macalister). In a traditional economy, the government taxes its citizens who in turn forcefully request that the gove
Introduction This journal entry focuses on the historic speech that was delivered by Martin Luther King Jr at the Lincoln Memorial. It highlights moments that characterized the delivery of the “I Have a Dream” speech. The crowd anticipated positive and inspirational declarations from the iconic leader of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States of America (Hansen, 2009). King’s charismatic demeanor inspired many people to believe in the future devoid of discrimination and oppression. It is important to note that the speech had a great influence on protesters because it ignited inherent desire and resolution with regard to the realization of current objectives that anchored the Civil Rights Movement. In order to achieve his objectives, Dr. King delivered an elaborate speech that gave hope to millions of citizens who were victims of racism and other forms of oppression in American society (Hansen, 2009). The speech created the impetus for the pursuit and actualization of core ideals that espoused the Civil Rights Movement. Through his speech, Dr. King propagated a demonstrable resolve with regard to the propagation of equality, justice, and fairness in society. Unlike previous presentations, the speech had an influence on the overall realization and implementation of statutory provisions that were critical to the sustenance of equality and justice in society. In fact, equality and justice play an important role in ensuring harmonious coexistence in a social context. The speech demonstrated Dr. King’s passion and dedication to the Civil Rights Movement (Hansen, 2009). Discussion The speech by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr was inspirational and momentous because it captured the current realities of the civil rights in our society. The crowd that gathered at Lincoln Memorial gave rousing reception and approval of the speaker because they could connect with the message of Dr. King’s presentation. I was lucky to witness the events at Lincoln Memorial. During the speech, Dr. King was visibly ecstatic and certain of the message that he delivered to his audience. He commenced the presentation by outlining numerous is
Suicide attacks carried out by Palestinian militant groups had already killed a great number of Israeli soldiers and civilians. This is an act of war. Those who masterminded the attacks said that their actions are justified. They will continue to fight using unconventional methods until they are able to uproot Israel from Palestine. There are two opposing views as to the real root cause of the attacks. According to Hamas one of the major Palestinian militant groups operating in the area Israel is a threat to their way of life and making them economically weak so that their survival depended on the eradication of the Zionist state from their lands. Morton Klein on the other hand said that the real reason for their hatred stems from religious and nationalistic beliefs. Importance of Issue It is extremely important to deal with this issue because of at least three reasons. First, if the claim of Hamas is true then it is ethically wrong to allow a nation to oppress another. Second, the methods used by Palestinian militant groups can be considered as acts of terrorism not to mention that it is an act of war against Israel. Finally, the collateral damage resulting from this conflict is too significant to ignore. Consider the hijackings and suicide bombings directed at Israeli civilians. These acts of terror are not limited on Palestinian soil but in Europe and other parts of the world. The Perspective of Hamas In this article Hamas made a great deal of generalizations and did not delve deeper into the specifics of the issue. Thus, it must be assumed that Hamas was referring to the fact that after World War II the nation of Israel was created overnight and for that to happen a portion of Palestine was given to the fledgling state. In the process a great number of Palestinians became refugees overnight. Based on these events it is easier to understand what Hamas is fighting for. Before the coming of Israel, Palestine was under Arab rule or Palestinian rule. They did not have to share it with anyone especially a foreigner like the Israelis. In addition thousands of refugees were forced to leave their homeland and it is indeed a violation of human rights. But after this point, Hamas could not provide any more evidence to their claim that the presence of Israel is disrupting Arab unity and undermining their ability to grow as an economic and mili
Introduction In the 21 st century, life has become extremely stressful, which why stress management serves as an area of intense interest for contemporary researchers. The source of the issue lies in several aspects, such as the increasing pace of life, interpersonal relations, and competitive workplace environment. Accordingly, people search for means of alleviating the pressure through an array of approaches, such as counseling or mediation. At the same time, while other types of intervention have received wide recognition, the importance of humor in the discussed context is often disregarded, despite its evident positive effect. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the importance of humor as one of the leading stress management strategies. Alternative Means of Stress Management Stress relief has become the subject of multiple studies in a variety of areas. The primary objective of contemporary researchers consists of two steps. First of all, it is necessary to identify the main sources of stress in today’s environment and classify them accordingly. Once the threats are determined, the next goal is to mitigate their negative effect. In other words, it does not suffice to know the sources of stress, as the crucial point of such research is to provide effective means of coping with the problem. Bansal (2018) refers to the workplace conditions as the main factor causing stress in modern society. It comes from the demanding nature of one’s position, as well as tasks, relationships with colleagues, and excessive workload (Bansal, 2018). In addition, Bansal (2018) states that a large portion of stress is caused by change, which can be extrapolated to all areas of human activity. Indeed, fear of the unknown entails, particularly stressful
In the modern world, the idea of innovation has to meet a number of criteria, and one of them is to be useful to the people in need. In addition, in business, marketing success includes the possibility to solve customer pain points and develop interesting entrepreneurs’ stories. In this project, attention will be paid to Eargo, one of the new representatives of the hearing aid market. Despite the fact the company was founded and launched its product several years ago, not many people are aware of its propositions to customers. Vena is the Forbes author who has been investigating the latest technological innovations, including those of the hearing aid market that promote life-changing experiences. There are many reasons for Vena to focus on the Eargo product as its success depends not only on technology and innovations but on an outstanding marketing company. Millions of people around the globe, including Americans, suffer from hearing loss or other hearing problems. Vena (2019) states that about 38 million Americans aged 18 and over officially report problematic hearing. The National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) contributes to the discussion of hearing loss, its predictors, and severity. Therefore, the solution offered by Eargo is a unique chance for the NIDCD and people in need to improve the quality of their life and find out a convenient, effective, and easy-to-use product. In the majority of cases, the Eargo models are introduced in a multi-prong manner (Vena, 2019). Its developers have investigated the needs of potential customers and came to the conclusion that people do not want to wear hearing aid devices if they may avoid it and related problems (battery life or comfort). The solution of Eargo is to create invisible products and help people hide their needs for hearing aid from the outer world. Along with the level of comfort offered to clients, Eargo’s employees combine their supply with the value proposition. Eargo focuses on a number of aspects, including packaging and charging cases (Vena, 2019). In the chosen article, the author explains that the case may automatically change various models, use Bluetooth-enable systems, and sound sensitivity control, resulting in convenience and increased interest among customers (Vena, 2019). Price is one more aspect that attracts people’s attention in the hearing aid market. The latest investigations show that the price varies from $1,650 to $2,750 per device with a monthly payment of about $70-130. Finally, the marketing campaign of the product is strong due to the existing audio podcast and live webinars for the users of Facebook. Customers are able to develop their specific engagement philosophies and check for news and interesting offers any time they want. Therefore, Eargo is not only a significant technological innovation but a good social and medical