ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Redefining the Emirates Group New Mission   * Providing comfortable and safe transportations;   * Establishing customer satisfaction as the top priority;   * Introducing the principles of cooperation and information sharing between the company’s affiliates. New Vision   * Expansion into the global economy and worldwide market;   * Acquisition and mergers as the company’s key policy;   * Increasing the number of customers and the quality of services Goals and Objectives The key goal for the Emirates Group for 2014 is increasing the number of customers by 50% by 2015. the subsequent goal is raising customers’ awareness concerning the Emirates Group benefits.   * Improving the audit system in order to attain better quality of services;   * Expanding into the global market;   * Increasing the quality of services provided during the flight;   * Changing the leadership style to a mix of a transformational and a laissez-faire one (Chaundry & Javed 2012, p. 259);   * Bringing the number of costs down in order to spend more on promotion campaign. Means to Achieve Goals and Objectives   * reconsidering the leadership strategy;   * creating a promotion campaign. Current issue: corporate governance model. Solution: transformational (motivation) and laissez-faire (independence) LS. leadership styles.   * Costs can be reduced by cutting the amount spent on inbound and outbound logistics;   * Expansion will be successful once becoming partners with several influential U.S. and European airlines;   * Mergers can be carried out by acquiring minor UAE companies providing flight related services. Emirates Group Chances Evaluation SWOT   * Strengths : technological assets, quality services, skilled staff.   * Weaknesses : high prices.   * Opportunities : global expansion.   * Threats : failure due to tough competition (Iran Air, Iran Aseman Airlines). PEST   * Political : global expansion.   * Economic : providing pricing options.   * Social : addressing business people and families (middle and upper class).   * Technological : efficient use of advanced technology for updating customers and providing quality services. Efficient Leadership as the key tool Transformational   * Reinventing employees’ perception of work;   * Enhancing employees’ motivation;   * Managing conflicts efficiently;   * Being flexible towards he changes within the target market. Laissez-faire   * Allowing the leaders of the affiliates to make local decisions;   * Using audits as the key tool for checking services quality;   * Making the leaders of the affiliates send monthly reports on the company’s performance. Business Portfolio Design   * Mentioning the company’s progress over the course of its existence (particularly 2000 – 2014).   * Mentioning the number of aircrafts handled in 2014 (264,950 , a 4.5% increase ( Financial annual repor
Introduction Literacy, the ability to write or read, may seem useless for many but this is not the case. Literacy skills have seen the rise of people to prominent positions in society. Whatever one wishes to be in the future is his/her choice and inasmuch as people make the choices, their past and present conditions never determine their future positions in society. How captivating life is, surpasses words and this holds true everywhere and to every person. It resembles a mighty zone harboring every kind of choice for all people. Funny enough, it lets one choose according to the desires of his/her heart. It offers choices ranging from literacy skills, power, and ignorance, among others. However, whatever one chooses, he/she has a story to tell about it and Malcolm X and Sherman Alexie are not any exceptions. Having chosen literacy, they have resolved to address the subject in relation to society. Their ability to read and write has significantly influenced their lives, the reason as to why they are happy accounting their lives’ voyage from the scratches to their current prominent positions, not only in their societies but also in the world at large. As the accounts unfold, literacy ability determines someone’s position in society. For instance, Alexie and Malcolm develop from illiterate insignificant people to useful heroes of their societies. Literacy Ability and Societal Position Had it not been for their literacy levels, the two men would not have passed for heroes in their societies. The backgrounds of the two, as brought forth by their stories, could not scoop them a chance to be who they are today. For instance, Alexie’s rank as a playwright comes through his poor father’s small library. In fact, Alexie, the 34-year-old Indian, is currently an outstanding American author and a beneficiary of America’s 2010 Achievement Award, well known for his captivating fictions like The Reservation Blues, the Indian Killer, and The Joy of Reading and Writing: Superman and Me, among others. This paper dwells on the latter that gives the author’s account, right from his call to literature as a 3-year-old to his present position as a playwright and a mentor. Regardless of his poverty-stricken background, Alexie could learn how to read. The availability of the books as well as the motivation from his poor father fuelled his devotion to reading. He could read even if the words made no sense to him though he knew they would make it one day provided he pressed on and on choosing never to fail (Cohen 17), a decision that saw the dawn of his poetry and novel writings. His words drive home the point that for one to scoop a major rank in society, a good deal of determination to read must precede. He says that he does writing out of joy and love to save lives. Society recognizes him today, not only for his writings but also for his ability to
Stephanie Kelton, the author of The Deficit Myth, looks at the shortfall from a different perspective. This book inspires the reader with a specific way of thinking that changes generally accepted views on the federal budget deficit. Kelton makes absurd claims about money, but then she confirms them, turning to the Modern Monetary Theory that could open up new opportunities for the federal government. However, the author delivers a controversial and even dangerous message, as the implementation of her specific political proposals could lead to an economic disaster. Kelton says that since the Federal Reserve has the legal ability to print unlimited money, people should stop worrying about how the government will pay for various spending programs. If too much money will be printed, the country will get high inflation, but it doesn’t have to worry about finding the money the way a family or business does. This is a dangerous message that Kelton tries to infuse into American discourse. The author may end up convincing a large number of readers that the Modern Monetary Theory can turn unaffordable loans into smart investments by simply changing the way the government thinks about them. According to Kelton, countries with monetary sovereignty do not need to manage their budgets the way a family does. Currency users have to worry about financing costs since they need to borrow money. In contrast, the issuer of a currency does not have such restrictions and does not have to worry about revenues when deciding which projects to fund. In fact, the situation is more complicated since the countries need to do more than just grant themselves the exclusive right to issue currency. To truly enjoy the benefits of the Modern Monetary Theory, the government must have monetary sovereignty. However, even the countries with a high degree of monetary sovereignty were not sovereign during the gold standard, because they had to be careful about issuing currency lest gold runs out. If the federal government prints too many dollars in a futile attempt to fund too many programs, prices will rise quickly. A failure to define and respect limits can be harmful. The Modern Monetary Theory is about distinguishing real limits from voluntary limits that can be changed. Kelton and other Modern Monetary Theory theorists argue that inflation is not a problem in the United States and other advanced economies, so the printing press can be turned on. However, it can be argued that no matter what happens to the price level, monetary inflation transfers real resources from the private sector into the hands of political officials. If a government project is considered unavailable under traditional accounting, then it should be denied funding. Regardless of whether the CPI growth rate is unacceptable, when the government allocates an additional one million dollars to finance costs, then prices get higher, and people with dollar assets become poorer. Kelton argues that if there is still a downturn in the e
Evaluation and management coding is an important topic in the U.S. healthcare environment because it relates to billing processes in healthcare institutions. According to Buppert (2018), Evaluation & Management services are the most widespread CPT codes in primary care and specialty practices. E&M coding involves billing for healthcare services based on the “provider’s cognitive services, such as office or clinic visits, consultations, preventive medical examinations, and critical care services” (p. 320). These codes also take into account the complexity and extent of procedures, thus giving a fair option for healthcare billing (Buppert, 2018). E&M services coding relies on standards and guidelines provided by the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). The study by Young, Bayles, Hill, Kumar, and Burge (2014) discusses these guidelines and their effect on healthcare practitioners. Article Summary First of all, researchers note that the goal behind CMS guidelines on E&M services was to reduce healthcare fraud (Young et al., 2014). Since the introduction of guidelines in the 1990s, they were reviewed once, despite calls for reform from care providers. Young et al. (2014) state that healthcare professionals complained about CMS guidelines due to their increased complexity and extended bureaucracy. Secondly, the authors sought to address these concerns by studying the attitudes of family physicians to E&M services coding documentation. The researchers used a qualitative study design to collect the opinions of 32 family physicians in various types of practices. The results were analyzed using an immersion-crystallization approach, which allowed uncovering common themes and attitudes. On the whole, the study found that the participants perceived coding rules and fees for procedures and services to be reasonable (Young et al., 2014). Nevertheless, they complained about the complexity and the confusing nature of E&M documentation. Some of the participants also noted that the new E&M rules instilled a fear of false fraud allegations and took too much time from their consultations with patients (Young et al., 2014). The authors conclude that improvements are required to make E&M coding and documentation process easier and more transparent. The key ethical implication of the article is the improved quality of practice in the U.S. since care providers would be able to focus more on th
Abstract The American military experience as revealed through film tends to downplay the political and social ramifications of war, choosing instead to focus on the emotional impact of war. Destruction, panic, loss of friends, post-traumatic stress disorder, carnage, and the impact of death on the enlisted men are the topics of choice for the vast majority of American war films. This paper studies 12 films that cover the first and second World Wars, as well as the Korean War and the Vietnam War. As a major world power the United States possesses many military capabilities that other countries in the world lack. The future of any country is best understood through its military history; it remains an essential part of understanding its progress also. The world’s military past is interrelated, therefore, the actions of one country can and will have an impact nations on the other side of the planet. But if military history extends through time and space, how then do you embark on an effective course of study? And the answer to this is: through the country’s movies. Movies provide a medium to know about any cultural development, and watching military movies provides knowledge about the military experience of a country in an entertaining and thought provoking manner. This paper highlights 12 films that depict four of the 20 th century wars that the United States deployed in: World War I, World War II, Korea, and Vietnam. Several factors had an impact upon the United States’ expansion between World War I, World War II, Korea, and Vietnam. These included the supremacy and influence of other nations, the demand for raw material and resources, ideals that had been part of America since its inception were spreading all over the world, and most importantly, the growth of global economic markets. In such an environment, America adopted the role of a significantly larger, more imperialistic country. More military involvement ensued. Other countries around the world strove to spread their power and influence to new lands, therefore, America felt pressure to step into the fray. But then this pressure naturally gave America more power. It was ready to face this pressure. Other countries controlled larger region in new areas, and the United States needed to follow suit in order to compete. America would be at risk of losing influence and clout if other nations like Japan, Germany, and Russia continued to increase their power and might across the globe. It was clear to the American government that it could no longer linger behind. It emerged as the world power by conquering the main lands and not letting other countries thwart its goals. America gave strong competition to all other nations. This reality continually appears in the films under study. World War I The United States established its promise to become a key world power during the first World War. It was a major shift in the history of the United States. Prior to World War I, the strategy of isolationism was
Introduction Stanley Kubrick’s “2001: A Space Odyssey” is considered the pinnacle of science fiction as far as the film is concerned. This film was brought to life through the combined efforts of Kubrick and the British science fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke. The Book In “The Sentinel”, the narrator recalls of an incident that occurred one morning as he went on with his normal duties. In fact, this time he was frying sausages when he saw a glittering metallic object that was revealed by the morning sun on the rocky mountains of Mare Crisium. He and his compatriot went to the mountains only to discover the sentinel. He believes that it was left there strategically by aliens who wanted it to act as a warning to alert them of the existence of human intelligence (Clarke, 1948, p.3). The quest of where the transmissions it produced were directed is explored in Kubrick’s film “2001: A Space Odyssey”. The Film This film explores the story of Clarke in a more detailed manner. The story pans from the history of humankind to the most sophisticated of the human race. A scientist goes to the moon to identify a monolith that is believed to have been left there by aliens. When they uncover the monolith, a signal is transmitted to the direction of the planet Jupiter. A spaceship by the name Jupiter is sent to spy on the recipients of the signal in Jupiter. The mission is not completed since it comes under the sabotage of the computer HAL 9000. A key astronaut after destabilizing the computer makes it to the base of the monolith but he is catapulted to an intergalactic journey which sees him die and reborn as a star child which is probably the next step in human evolution. As Scruton (2008) points out, the two mediums show a number of similarities and differences in telling their story (p.5). This claim stands out right from the plot, setting, characterization as well as the point of view as highlighted next. Similarities As far as plot is concerned, the film’s sequences on the moon correspond to Clarke’s short
Abstract The airline industry is one of the most important sectors of every major economy especially for the advancement of global commerce. Surprisingly the industry is dominated by two manufacturing industries, especially in the commercial plane production sector. The two companies’ Airbus and Boeing have been on each other’s toes for a long time now in trying to curve a niche in the market. This paper seeks to examine some of the ways that the two manufacturers could come up with a pricing strategy that would not only be beneficial to their customers but that will also advance their own interests. In the analysis I will look at the market as an oligopolistic market, in addition, I will look at how the industry or the two companies can adopt game theory to advance their pricing strategies. Oligopolies An oligopolistic market is a market that is characterized by a few numbers of sellers of goods or services. In their actions, the oligopolies are always aware of the actions of other oligopolies. In this case, the decisions of a single firm or organization always affect the decision of other firms in the industry. I the same way the firm’s decisions are influenced or affected by the decisions of other firms in the industry. Game Theory Game theory is inherently a branch of applied mathematics. However, it is mostly used in the context of economic analysis. The game theory concerns itself with strategic interactions between various agents within a certain sector or industry. In this perspective, various agents choose strategies that will ultimately lead to the maximization of their returns given the strategies or decisions of others. It is better analyzed using the prisoner’s dilemma. It continues to play an important role in economics, cybernetics, and artificial intelligence. Introduction The aviation industry or air transport is one of the most sensitive industries today especially after the September 11 terrorist attacks. Almost all countries have tightened security within their airports through their local civil aviation authorities. Over the years, the industry has seen tremendous growth through good regulations, systemic facilitation guided by the use of ultra-modern information communication technologies, high safety standards as well as gigantic investments in the current trends of automation. This facilitation is also compounded by good relations or well-structured consultative mechanisms with government agencies like the customs union employees who are situated in regional, local and international airports. On the other side of the story, the provision of airport, aircraft, passenger, and cargo security has increasingly led to delays, passenger discomforts, intermittent earnings in the aviation industry, collapse of local tourism in many countries, as well as the loss of customer confidence in the services provid
Introduction Ever stopped and curiously asked in philosophical circles what it means to have an absolutist stance? Well, absolutism is universal. Absolutism is a standard moral theory that has been used in judging human behavior from time immemorial. It does not discriminate neither does it feature the diversity in the human species, but rather it states that right or wrong moral decisions are the same for all. Therefore, it acts like a standard by which one can use to judge human behavior as it is permanent. The origin of it could be from God or society, but it is widely viewed to emanate from God. Stance in his work here, he refutes the relativity of ethics, argues for the case that all actions can indeed not be relative. If it is, then how would human beings be able to measure moral progress, or judge since there would be no constant benchmark upon which they could do so? This essay seeks to highlight Stance’s argument that absolutism has and still is the backbone that provides the standard used to measure human behavior (Gould and Mulvaney 93). Ethical Absolutism The supporters of the status quo have a view that in terms of morality, there is one rule that is applicable to everyone regardless of his or her location or socio-cultural differences. Laws are written influenced by various factors that affect society’s morality. According to this idea, the absolutists believe that humanity is guided and ruled by different common laws that are applicable everywhere. This, they state, goes back to the ancient times when our great ancestors walked the face of the earth. An example of such an argument appeared during the times of slavery (Gould and Mulvaney 94). Those who fought against that vice of society said it was inhumane. Ethical absolutists mention that even earlier than those statements appeared, the ancient Greeks who had practiced slavery had known quite well that it was a humiliation of any human being. Stance believes that absolutism, which finds its roots in the Judeo-Christian way of life, st
The situation in the sphere of modern management changes every day. There is the necessity of paying much attention to present-day trends in the progress of the concept and approaches to management processes and to the peculiarities of changes in management. The tendency of analyzing of the problem with the help of the discourse which represents the aspects of this question develops. Bill Breen and Cheryl Dahle present their own discussion of the problem and determine the key aspects of the issue. The peculiar features of this discourse require their further examining. What aspects can be determined as the most significant and influential for the effective discussion of the problem? “Each discourse brings different aspects into focus, raises different issues for consideration, and has different implications for what we should do” (Burr 2003, p. 65). Thus, Bill Breen and Cheryl Dahle discuss their vision of the question of changes in management focusing on several points which are determined as the most important for the process. Any transformations should be implemented according to a definite plan or scheme which can increase their effectiveness. That is why the discourse as the kind of discussion of the problem can be rather efficient for this practice. “Discourses bring with them different possibilities for what a person is able to do, what they may do to others or what they are expected to do” (Burr 2003, p. 170). The first point which is discussed in the article is the question of the awareness of the person’s or staff’s social and professional position, of their definite circumstances, and the awareness of the necessity to change it when it is unsatisfactory (Breen & Dahle). To cope with the problem effectively, it is necessary to determine the definite goals and certain reasons for implementing of changes and transformations in the company. Moreover, it is important to concentrate on these goals, and to put them into the focus of all the kinds of the activity in the company (Breen & Dahle). However, this practice can be effective only when there is the ability to see the whole picture and to analyze the whole situation (Breen & Dahle). It is important to foresee all the possible results of the actions and of those methods which can be put into practice. Furthermore, all the goals which can be reached in the process of changing of the peculiarities of management strategy in the company should be defined clearly and without any complicated conditions because people can lose their focus on the goals (Breen & Dahle). Different social strategies and management approaches require definite efforts for their successful realization. Bill Breen and Cheryl Dahle focus on the fact that real work and efforts are necessary for decreasi