ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Methods of Assessment This study develops a computer mediated module in project assessment, utilizing several design techniques to enrich the learning experience. The computer-mediated learning module will be used via a handheld device or through a computer, which will represent content in linear fashion (not very different from how people read online publications). Static processes will be mainly taught using this process and softwares will be an important tool for undertaking respective tasks; however, it should be noted that, the difference between this computer mediated learning process and the web based learning model is very small, but the latter uses the internet, while the former uses CD ROMs (and such like data transfer mechanisms). This module is designed in a manner that does not involve any internet usage. Since this module is computer based; assessments will be done through multiple choice questions where students will answer respective questions related to the module and the computer will easily perform the task of assessment (through softwares) without any external input. A drag and drop structure, radial button, simulation and other interactive means, will be used as complementary assessment tools, to be undertaken electronically, and the feedback communicated to the user, almost immediately. However, the major assessment criterion to be used will be the formative assessment test which works by sifting through several incorrect answers to come up with the right answer, as an evaluative criterion. This strategy will be used to assess what the students have learnt (or not learnt) regarding project management. To enhance the students’ understanding under the module, the instructor will explain how each question should be approached, to give the student an understanding of the practice to be studied (with every variation evidenced when sifting out the questions). This first part of assessment encompasses the formative stage, but the second part is the summative assessment stage, where an assessment will be done to evaluate only the topics that were taught. After the second assessment, the data will be reported to the students in several ways. For example, different formats will be used to communicate the students’ scores, and this will include percentages, marks and grades. Multiple scores and grades will also be used to communicate different aspects of the student’s performances, through a remote out-of service application. A runtime data model will be used to encode the information received into a sta
The Nuclear race between Iran and Israel has been an ongoing conflict of low intensity for decades. It has been a long time since it became apparent that this strain will always fuel the instability in Middle East region, and remain a particular concern for the GCC states and especially UAE. It is obvious that the stability or the balance of powers can never be achieved as long as both states, Iran and Israel, continue to compete for victory in the arms race. A distinct sense of insecurity keeps growing among the countries of the Gulf region, and such awareness will definitely have its implications on the neighbor countries. For some time already the UAE has been voicing its concerns about the region’s instability, although in the past few years it has moved from tolerant and patient rhetoric to a more apprehensive attitude and bold statements, along with the fellow countries of GCC. The combination of these factors and the cited arguments allow to come to a definite conclusion regarding the need for UAE to reshape the programs of military security and place greater focus on foreign policy and relations between the countries, as well as turning attention to its own nuclear program, not for militarization or entering a new round of arms race, but merely for preserving the balance of power in the region and making explicit its intentions to resist any threats. A thorough background research has shown that the nuclear programs of both countries have been influencing not only the Middle East Region but the political life and international relationships all over the world for at least three decades. It is well known that Israel has neither denied nor confirmed the fact that it has constructed or possessed the nuclear weapons. However, the implications of possession of a nuclear arsenal and its estimated numbers have varied from year to year, with the last probable assessment of the Federation of American Scientists has been of 80 missiles by 2015, although Israel might have produced enough plutonium for 100-200 warheads (par. 4-18). The Israeli scientific nuclear program is based on the use of a nuclear reactor and reprocessing plant in Dimona, Israel. The government of Israel has acknowledged the existence of plant site; however, it is not willing to disclose any details, and the information remains classified. Such policy has been also known as the so-called “nuclear ambiguity,” which Israel has maintained throughout its history. Another way of dealing with the tension in the region for Israel lies in applying significant efforts to prevent neighbor countries from acquiring the nuclear weapons or developing the nuclear programs. Most of these effo
Business Intelligence Business intelligence is a notion that is used by the software vendors and IT consultants to describe the infrastructure for warehousing, integrating, reporting and analysing data that comes from the business environment (Laudon&Laudon,2012). The main aim of the business intelligence is to integrate the information streams produced by the enterprise into the definite set of data (Galliers,1992). By means of use of the different models, the methods of the statistical analyses of the data processing is taken place that allows managers to make the definite strategies of the development of the enterprise, to define the nearest and the perspective targets(Bussen & Myers, 1997). Using the various data of the predictive modeling, the company develops its strategy on the market, taking into consideration the influence of the customer segments (Ang& Teo,2000). Problem statement. Description and purpose of BI solution The aim of the project is to achieve the optimum performance of the CGR company, which is specialized on the delivery services. The problem is that the company uses the old system of accounting and its incomes and expenses are badly controlled. The company owns a big lorry fleet. Due to the bad marketing policy of the company there are frequent cases of logistical mistakes, which lead to the increased fuel consumption and the waste of time. The business intelligence system used in the research is specialized in the door-to-door delivery services and is functioning on the GPS principle. With the help of the business intelligence solution we will try to optimize the company activity and to study the appropriate routes for it. Solution functionality The typical business intelligence system includes the executive information system(EIS), the database and the programs that link and supply the system components with data. (Arnott, O’Donnell, & Jirachiefpattana, 2002). The business intelligence system described in this project uses the software that includes EIS, the database and the specific hardware. Drivers of the company were not informed concerning the implementation of the new system on the enterprise. The controllers were installed secretly on their cars. Dispatcher, by means of monitoring vehicle system, had an opportunity to observe the movements of the vehicles on the map of the city. The system were able to create the daily and the weekly reports concerning the routes of the vehicles. The aim of the experiment on its initial stage was to check whether the drivers deviate from the routes. Data collection methodology. The construction of the system The experiment lasted one week. The collection of data was organized on the basis of the reports represented by the system. The system consisted of the hardware, that were the controllers installed on the vehicles, and the software, that was the special program installed on the dispatch center. On the request of the dispatcher or automatically the signal, by means of GPS, was sent from the dispatch center to the controller, providing in such a way the dispatcher with all the necessary information concerning
The two texts highlight the importance of proper behavior in ancient China. The similarities and differences in the two texts show how life was in ancient China. Confucius’ Analects and The Writings of Master Han Fei, are similar in their portrayal of life in ancient China. However, the two authors have different perspectives on issues related to human nature, moral codes of conduct and leadership. Confucius’ writings place a high importance on human nature and behavior in society. He praises men who have good virtues because they easily form strong mutual relationships in societies where they live. He argues that these people have a positive social approach to life which makes other people to emulate their actions and conduct. They have a deep understanding of societal norms and behavior expected of them as members of the society. Confucius believes that men who display high moral standards have the necessary qualities to become leaders (Coallier 85). Confucius’ views are similar to the opinions of Han Fei, who believes strong leaders are able to maintain public order in the society. Both authors agree that good public manners, public order and integrity, determine the level of prosperity a society is going to have. Han Fei argues, “ Therefore, the intelligent sovereign makes the law, selects men and makes no arbitrary promotion himself” (Brindley 172). He argues that every person in the society has a responsibility to ensure that proper codes of conduct are observed when leaders perform their duties. Han Fei emphasizes on the need for good laws in maintaining order. Good laws need to be conformed to by all in the society. A state where citizens observe law and order becomes strong and powerful. The two authors agree that proper moral codes in the society bring about positive change in the way people live. Confucius argues that people are likely to emulate or disobey a leader because of the moral traits he projects. He feels that people are likely to follow a leader without being pushed if his social conduct is beyond reproach (Coallier 89). He insists that a virtuous leader practices kindness because this replicates the feelings his subjects have towards him and his leadership. He asserts that leaders can impact on masses positively, if they encourage them to observe good moral codes. People need to be educated for them to behave well. Han Fei argues that a ruler needs to surround himself with men of virtue, who have high moral standards. He observes that for any society to be strong and powerful, people must observe laws which enforce moral standards. All individuals must be equal before the law. A leader who respects and enforces the law makes his society prosperous. He argues that a leader should exercise his authority fully for people to have proper discipline. This makes it possible for public order to prevail. Han Fei insists that leaders must measure up to the expectations of their subjects, so that all activities run smoothly (Brindley 174). Both authors value the lev
Executive Summary It is surprising that the profitability of large retail booksellers in Japan is relatively poor with their sales being small compared to other countries in the world (Directory of Japanese publishing and bookselling, 1982). One of the major players in the market is the Saihan system that ensures market control by fixing the price of the products in the industry (Directory of Japanese publishing and bookselling: a guide to the market for British books, journals and literary rights in Japan (1 st ed), 1978). According to Farrell, this system deters the entry of new retailers into the bookselling industry, and has often been labeled as “anti-competitive,” and “collusive” (2005, p. 29). A comparison is therefore necessary with other countries and especially the United States to establish the validity and effects of the system to the bookselling market. Introduction The impact that the introduction of the Saihan system in Japan has had on retail booksellers is an issue that has aroused a never-ending debate. As Farrell states, there are advantages and disadvantages of having the system in Japan since the effects are different for the various companies (2005, p. 29). Some of the companies operating in this country include Bookoff and Amazon Japan both of which have recorded mixed returns with the system in place (Govindarajan, & Gupta, 2001, p. 5). An evaluation of the effect that the dissolution of the Saihan system would have on the industry is also a spotlight of this paper with the focus being on the two companies. As a board member of Barnes and Noble, I will make an evaluation and feasibility study on the possibility of opening a series of bookstores in the country with the consideration of the Saihan. Background This paper focuses on the Japanese bookselling industry showing how competitors were able to establish their position within the industry. Japan is a country with a well-developed reading culture with most of her citizens having a habit of reading books of all genres (Directory of Japanese publishing and bookselling 1982). One would therefore expect the book Retail Markets in the country to be well established and profitable given that the culture is a positive one to this industry. Problem Statement According to the Directory of Japanese publishing and bookselling (1982), the bookselling industry in Japan has a history of diminished returns over the years. A major contributor to this hitch is the restrictive Saihan system (Brewer, Young, & Guisinger, 2003, p. 29). The aim is therefore to investigate the feasibility of starting a branch of a multinational bookstore with evaluation of the effects of Saihan system on the other existing bookstores in Japan. The evaluation of the effects that
Introduction Martin Heidegger is one of the controversial philosophers of the 20 th century. His theories and writings had influenced the field of phenomenology and existentialism among others. But he was mostly interested in ontology, which is “the study of the nature being and existence”. His interest in Ontology led him to write his famous theory on “Being and Time”. In this writing, Heidegger attempted to study man, or being, as he called it, (Dasein in German), in its peculiar human reality, which means a life of existence. It is a word denoting the existence of any entity. He sees a man in the three states of existence, the past, present, and future. His study of man is according to its phenomenological study of existence is in accordance with his temporal and historical character. He had hoped that thru this, man would reflect on it, such that he paid attention to the way people existed and encountered things. To him, it is important to analyze the structure of things not only as how they met, but also how they happened, explaining it such as moods, or anxi ety (Karpoweiz, 2006). Main body Heidegger, in order to provoke a man to realize the demands of everyday existence, used three levels of approaches. First, he appeals to man’s common experience, of a breakdown in the tools and experiences in life. Man, in Heidegger’s pattern of thinking, says in his critical attitude towards things, regards nature and society merely as instrumentation, which is “there at hand” to fulfill man’s needs. But when something happened such as a disaster, a fire, or something to that effect, man becomes aware that the “being on hand” has its own significance and not just something for the satisfaction of Being. [Being could be referred to as man, and being are things and environment]. In a definitive pattern, Heidegger defined man (Dasien)) in a peculiar reality that raises questions about his particular being as that being is experienced and about Being in a comprehensive sense. His studies point to the fact that only when a man begins to inquire about the meaning of Being [Dasien] and its presence in the beings of experience does he grasp his own essent
Introduction Malik (2017) defines organizational structure as to how different tasks in a corporation are executed, monitored, and assigned. The ultimate goal of this practice is to ensure the targeted organizational aims are realized within the specified time. Multinational corporations should consider the best structures in order to achieve their business potential. Saudi Aramco (also called Aramco or Saudi Arabian Oil Company) is one of the leading players in the global oil and gas industry. The multinational firm is owned by the government of Saudi Arabia and has its headquarters in Dhahran City. The corporation was founded in the year 1933 (Malik 2017). The firm’s original name was the California-Arabian Standard Oil Company. The firm currently employs over 65,000 people in different parts of the world ( Who we are 2017). Aramco is the second-largest producer of oil. It has large oil deposits and reserves. The company’s information is available in different books and magazines. This is the case because it commands a huge share in the industry. The presence of the company’s operations in almost every part of the world makes it a global brand. This essay gives a detailed analysis of the tasks, business model, and goals of the company. The paper will go further to explain and describe why Aramco is a bureaucratic organization. The coordination mechanisms employed at the company will also be described in detail. Analysis of the Bureaucratic Organisation Purpose Saudi Aramco is owned and controlled by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The corporation has been integrated to become a giant in the oil and gas industry ( Our vision 2017). The company has been in operation for the last eighty years. This period has made it possible for Aramco to develop a superior business model that makes it competitive in the sector. The company has designed a powerful infrastructure to support its production and operational processes. The firm uses the power of research and development (R&D) to come up with better practices that can support its goals. The firm’s main tasks or operations include exploration of hydrocarbons, refining crude oil, production of oil-based products, and marketing ( Who we are 2017). The company has developed a powerful business strategy that focuses on different key areas. The first one is creating value through the use of its business model. The concept of sustainability is taken seriously in order to support the needs of every stakeholder and community. The use of R&D, innovation, and technology has made it easier for the firm to come up with revolutionary ideas. The firm also embraces different strategies to create the best environment for attracting
Introduction Beef cattle production is one of the major industries in the United States. Beef is supposed to provide high-quality protein for human consumption. It is an industry that is based on cattle that feed on grass. Since the U.S. has plenty of lands that are unsuitable for cultivation and that can have grass and foliage to support beef cattle. A large amount of beef is produced on the rangelands of the Western U.S. Statistics show that the retail equivalent value of the U.S beef industry is gradually increasing through 2002 -2005 reaching $71 billion in 2005 and 2006. The total beef consumption has been 28 billion pounds in 2006 whereas the production has been 24.79 billion pounds in 2006. The exports have increased dramatically from 698 million pounds ($976 million) in 2005 to 1153 million pounds ($1.63 billion) in 2006. Due to technological advances in the fields of reproduction, nutrition, genetics, plant science, product quality, and equipment, greater quantity and quality of beef products are available to the consumer. Historically, beef cattle in the U.S. are of two categories: Bos Taurus cattle from Europe and the Bos Indicus from tropical countries. The major areas of beef cattle production are Texas, Colorado, Nebraska, Kansas, Iowa, California, and Oklahoma. It is significant to note that the U.S. ranks fourth in the world in total cattle numbers. Over one million people are involved in the beef industry in the U.S. creating a ripple effect in the overall economy. Cattle sales lead to five times increases in other businesses. The beef industry begins with the cow-calf production sector. This involves breeding cows with bulls or using artificial insemination, conception, gestation, the birth of the calf, and lactation periods until weaning of the calf from the cow. The calf is weaned at approximately 500 to 600 lbs. live weight or about 6 to 8 months of age. From this age, the calves are usually fed on grassland until they weigh approximately 750 to 800 lbs. live weight whe
Imperialism refers to the colonization and control of weak countries or states by the big fish. It has been seen among countries in the earlier regime and in the current regime. In this article, I seek to compare how different writers have put across this idea of imperialism and its effect on the rest of the world. I will take into account the idea of P.T. Bauer in his article, “The Economics of Underdevelopment”, Robert Kaplan, and “In Defense of Empire”; in comparison to Mike Davis’ “Late Victorian Holocausts”. P.T. Bauer is an economist who believes that the underdevelopment of the third world country is neither a responsibility of the Western countries nor the neo-colonialism. 1 He states that poorest and underdeveloped states have no economic connection with the Western countries, that they are responsible for their fate. That there suffering and the situation can neither be explained by colonial control nor international social stratification. It may not be right for the comparison of the per-capita income of countries in Western countries and those in the African Countries indicates less per capita income in African Countries. However, the countries that have lower income in Africa are those that are less affected and controlled by the Western countries. P.T. Bauer shows that the third world is to blame for the Inequality, that some of the poorest countries have never been colonies of the Western countries. He even gives the example of Tibet, Nepal, Liberia and Ethiopia. He goes forward to show that the Western countries are the contributors to development in some of the African countries. They have brought good infrastructure and health. However, Bauer accepts that there are two ways in which Western countries have contributed to the poverty in the third world countries. First, that Western activity since the World War 2 have politicized economic life in the third world countries hence allowing state-controlled economies and totalitarian countries. Moreover, Western influence has reduced mortality rate, therefore increasing the population to an unmanageable level and increasing the number of poor people in the African states. Bauer goes forward to give the instance of South Africa that has been under the rule of the white until 1994 and is developed, although with a lesser educated population than Zimbabwe. While Zimbabwe with a well-educated population but is less developed although they have been under a one-man black rule since 1980. It is an indication that the European domination is not responsible for the underdevelopment of the African Countries. Kaplan, another writer, also gives his idea about the imperialism and its effect on the rest of the world. Kaplan, earlier a supporter of the imperialism, comes forward to change his earlier support of the western influence. 2 He supported the Iraq war but later says that the war was a mistake and even goes forward to express his regrets of supporting the war. He has written many essays on the US power that has sparked attention among many academicians and the media. Kaplan shows how states like the Britain have had the positive impa