ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
What is case appears to be the major strengths and weaknesses for companies advertising through Facebook? Having become a platform frequently employed for advertisement, Facebook has adapted and now allows five different strategies for the placement of marketing content. In particular, on Facebook, advertisements may appear in five different areas—as postings within the major newsfeed, on the right side (on the user’s desktop newsfeed), on the left side (ads that are common to all users regardless of the pages they view), on the mobile applications, and the main news feed of the mobile Facebook app (Bhele). Strengths Thus, based on the information provided in the case study, the primary advantage of using Facebook for advertising is the exclusive contact with the target audiences based on specific aspects of the consumer segment of interest (Hof 64). Second, advertising via Facebook is beneficial in terms of its cost. To be more precise, it is very cheap to place and maintain marketing content on this social network; in fact, some forms of advertising powered by Facebook are free. However, the cost of other types of ads may vary depending on the purpose of the marketing content. Moreover, the platform provides such options as friends’ recommendations that help the marketing content and information to travel to the users who would be the most interested and producing the maximal effect. Besides, it is known that consumers tend to trust the opinions of their friends and relatives more than any other source. By enabling people to share marketing information, Facebook also benefits the companies behind the marketing campaigns, contributing to the reliability of their content and the users’ interest in that specific type of content. One more advantage is the extensive reach of Facebook as it can run on users’ smartphones as well as their computers. Moreo
The hospitality industry is key to the economic development of a country. Due to technological, social, and political changes that happen from time toover time, hospitality companies are forced to develop effective strategies for their operation. One of the essential steps that hospitality companies take to ensure they say ahead of competitors and remain relevant in the changing world is planning. The notion of group moves comes in handy as it helps hospitality companies analyze group behavior and strategize ahead to take advantage of upcoming opportunities and thriove. Group moves can be applied to the hospitality industry through market research. Hospitality companies need to figure out how different groups behave and their influence on the company. For instance, a hotel can find that most of its customers are is the young generation who always book accommodation on weekends. In another situation, a company may assess the a group’s specific needs, make up a considerable percentage of its customers, and strategize on meeting their needs beforehand. This is important for customer satisfaction, thus maintaining a customer base and increased profit. Extended Stay America is one of the key players in the American hospitality industry. The company is an example of how hospitality companies’ adoption of group moves for for strategic planning. Research of the U.S. population reveals that most people who seek accommodation in hotels keep pets. Travelling and lodging have become the norm with increased globalization and tourism. Knowing that many people like to travel with their children and pets, such as dogs, Extended stay Stay America used strategic planning to develop its facilities with a pet-friendly environment (Bulloch, 2018). The company has also strategized on budget by allowing the children to stay for free. These are strategic plans resulting from group moves’ analysis and application in the hospitality industry. Reference Bulloch, L. (2018). Home away from home: Assistance animals, extended-stay hotels, and the fair housing act. Ariz. St. LJ , 50 , 1265.
Introduction Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the medical term used to refer to a progressive and very painful condition that affects the wrists as a result of compression of the median nerve which is the key nerve that is found in the wrist area. The median nerve runs from the lower part of the arm and goes into the hand and when this nerve gets squeezed by any sort of pressure, the result is a gradual feeling of pain, numbness, and weakness that begins in the wrist and hand and then spreads up the whole arm. As the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome continue to get worse, the victims might experience a tingling sensation around the wrist during the day followed by a weakness that makes it difficult for the sufferers to perform such simple tasks as folding the fist, grasping onto small objects or even performing other manual but equally minor tasks. If left untreated for a long time, some of the victims of CTS gradually lose the power to differentiate between hot and cold things through the touch (NINDS ¶ 1). Carpal Tunnel Syndrome The median nerve runs through the carpal tunnel, a narrow passageway that is found in the wrists and acts as a message transmitted between the brain, thumb, middle, and index fingers as well as the inner section of the ring finger. Because it is surrounded by ligaments and bones, any swelling around the carpal tunnel causes compression or pinching of the median nerve that runs through it. The median nerve performs the function of controlling the muscles and sensation in the thumb as well as the sensation in the first three fingers and the palm. CTS normally results from a combination of various factors which exert pressure on the tendons and median nerve in the carpal tunnel. Although no specific cause of CTS has been identified, the disorder has mainly been associated with a congenital predisposition whereby some people have small carpal tunnels than others. Although both hands can be affected, carpal tunnel syndrome affects the hand that is dominantly used during activity and it is the hand that also produces much pain. CTS usually affects only adults and those persons with metabolic disorders such as diabetes are at greater risk because such disorders interfere with the nerves, making them more vulnerable to compression CTS is the most commonly treated condition that hand surgeons have to deal with in contemporary society (Balch 310; NINDS ¶ 1-3). A generation ago, this condition referred to as carpal tunnel syndrome was barely recognized in the medica
From the case of Astra Company, several factors have led to sexual discrimination and harassment scandal which can be put into two main categories: culture and individual self interests. The major factor contributing to this is the management style exhibited by the managers of the organization. There was a culture (referred in the case as Astra way) of intimidation, merrymaking, sexual exploitation, gender insensitive hiring and lavish lifestyles. Both Mogren and Bildman had an appetite for wine and opera lifestyles which may have contributed to the sexual exploits by Bildman and his colleagues in the organization. The management in the organization was that of dictatorship which included threats and intimidations. Bildman had instilled fear in all staff to a point that they could accept anything they were ordered to do in fear of losing their job as indicated by one former employee that one had to go along ‘Astra way’ otherwise lose the job. The managers took advantage of this fear to sexually harass the female staff. Staff hiring was made discriminately with young female recruits being preferred over male recruits. Sales jobs are highly paying and lucrative, and therefore, from a professional point of view, hiring was supposed to be made to highly qualified staff, but the managers preferred recruiting armatures in order to use the training sessions to quench their sexual egos. This sexual exploit was further enhanced through ensuring that only the most attractive female recruits were hired, in-training lodgings with little movement and course content that included study of anatomy and physiology. Open-bar night outs and outdoor entertainment contributed to these sexual harassment. From a social point of view, drinking parties especially where women are expected to attract attention may contribute enormously to sexual immorality. Three days open bar nights out and frequent nightclub entertainments offered by Bildman and top managers exclusively to the new hires was too much. The case also stated that Bildman ordered the staff to dance after a drinking spree and he took this opportunity on one of the female recruits. To prevent occurrence of such problems in future, clear human resources policies addressing the vice should be developed and enforced. In addition, policies should address the issue of misuse of power and as much as possible try to introduce democratic style of management. Hiring policy should be reinforced to include equal opportunity for all rather than preferring a certain group of people. It should also stress that hiring be made on merit and not in favor to reduce the consequences of in-house training. Moreover, all entertainment should be abolished as they act as breeding points for immorality, and where entertainment is required, it sho
This is a disease, usually inherited, that affects kidneys and is known to result in the malfunctioning of the kidneys. It is characterized by the development of swellings on the kidneys referred to as cysts. The kidney’s main function in the body is to filter the blood to remove wastes that result from various biochemical processes that take place in the human body. In addition, the kidney removes excess water from the body which mixes with the wastes to form urine. These functions therefore result in regulation of vital substances in the body for a healthy and comfortable life. The disease results in poor filtration process. The cysts act like sacks and are usually filled with the fluid. This results in enlarged kidneys that do not function properly a factor that might lead to kidney failure in the long run due to interference with the normal structure of the kidney. Kidney failure necessitates a kidney transplant by the patient or a dialysis process which entails an artificial mechanism of performing the kidney’s functions by use of a special machine. Kidney failure occurs after a long period of time. It should also be noted here that the PKD disease can result in the formation or occurrence of cysts in different organs such as the liver and blood vessels (Wilson 152). There are two types of PKD namely Autosomal dominant PKD and Autosomal recessive PKD. The former is the most common inherited with symptoms visible at the age of about 30 years while the later is rare with symptoms that occur earliest and in some cases they be experienced even before the child is born. Macroscopic and Microscopic Findings Findings for Autosomal Dominant PKD As stated earlier on this is the most common version of PKD and as suggested by the name, the disease is so serious such that in a family where one parent suffers from the disease there exists a fifty percent likelihood that the gene will be inherited by the child borne of the two parents. It is worth noting here that there still exists a chance that the disease may be inherited y the unborn child even when none of the parents has a copy of the gene. This represents ten percent likelihood because the disease occurrence in patients is spontaneous (Simons 855). The kidneys have tiny filtering units inside them known as nephrons. It is on these nephrons that the cysts start growing gradually. They, with time, separate and increase in size consequently causing the kidneys to enlarge. These cysts may exist in high concentrations in the kidney but the kidney tends to retain its original shape and orientation (Torres 1290). Findings for Autosomal Recessive PKD This complication is as a result of the PKD genes undergoing a mutation process. The genes are usually referred to as PKHD1. The scientific ability of the present times has not been able to identify any other genes that cause the complication but it is believed that they may still be existent. In a family where parents carry the genes but are not themselves affected, there is 25 percent likelihood that the child will inherit the complication. This happens only if both parents transfer the abnormal gene into the child. It therefore means that in situations
Introduction Many cultures have over time experienced real and dramatic changes in almost every sphere. As time elapses, people evolve. Consequently, there is a paradigm shift in the way people do things and handle various situations that come their way on daily basis. Child literature has been part of people’s lives. It has however undergone tremendous changes over time from one generation to the next. These changes are represented as stages in the lifetime of these generations. The timelines also depict a sense of peoples’ perceptions and outlook on life, defining the norms and cultures that governed institutions at given times (Mulherin, 1982). Many factors have been considered to determine the depth of literature that the child is exposed to with much of this being centered on age and what the adults perceive the child to be. Age Child literature has been classified according to the stages of growth of the child. From infancy through to adolescence (this almost happens at the stages of twelve and thirteen), the child is given different classes of literature that is expected to bring up certain traits in them. The bridge between infant literature and adult literature is the young adult’s literature. This differs from the previous in both maturity level and the content that is represented. The literary skills that are employed are also different. Much of what appears in adult literature also features in literature designed for the children. McGuffey, for instance, alludes that fiction in its many forms such as “contemporary realism, fantasy and historical fiction, poetry, folk tales, legends, myths, and epics all occur in children literature” (McGuffey, 2001). Non-fictional literature spans from subjects that range from literature to humanities. These subjects vary from social issues, biological studies to general sciences and ultimately deals in the earth as the prime topic. Books that are designed to be children’s literature use many methods to pass across the message they are meant to convey, as such pictures that display both visual and audio texts are used to complete the cycle. The evolution of Children literature Children literature as it is known today, has borrowed a lot from the then adult literature. The fairy tales and other fictitious characters were all a part of adult history. Books that were to be used as educative materials went further than providing entertainment to the children, and as such were used to teach, imp
Introduction Security is paramount when a nation is planning its resources and strategies. Having better security instils faith and determination in foreign investors and even citizens who in turn work towards maintaining the good status of their country. The issue of security in Pakistan, which is one of the weak Asian countries, has always been a dilemma since independence. It is worth noting that the independence of Pakistan in 1947 was achieved through religion. Today, different religious groupings in Pakistan are always at loggerheads. Religion has ever divided this nation right across its heart. By rating Pakistan as a consociation nation, one will undoubtedly expect that its various religions are ever in conflict due to small irrational issues. It is also evident that the Pakistanis are in most instances divided by classes, religion, language, wealth status, and creed. These differences have resulted in political, economic, and social instability in Pakistan. Similarly, addition, security situation in most European countries is relatively good. In fact, there is zero tolerance on insecurity in some states. One such state where security is abundant is Iceland. Iceland has always topped the list of countries with a better life index. Therefore, it stands out as amongst the European strong countries that have attracted the attention of many people who want to visit and even live in the nation. The first part of this paper seeks to discuss the security dilemma in Pakistan narrowing down to it inefficient processes, weak institutions, inefficient media, wrangle between the elites and the non-elites in politics, and poor leadership. Besides, it will address the state of good security in Iceland narrowing down to its foundations like high communal responsibility, quality education, availability of resources, high levels of employment, and good gender balancing. Security Dilemma in Pakistan The security situation in Asian countries is wanting. A good number of nations in Asia have been on the spot over insecurity. Religious conflict has strongly emerged as the leading cause of insecurity in most Islamic countries from the time the cold war ended. This conflict has been the leading cause of fear in the world. Today, terrorism that has been heavily linked with Islamic faith is the greatest threat to world peace. Being the largest continent in the world, Asia has had its fair portion of security dilemmas. In Asia, Pakistan amongst countries such as Israel, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Iran, and Iraq have always cried foul concerning security issues. These countries have always been on the limelight due to their security status. To what extent does religion influence the state of insecurity in such nations? The concept of the security dilemma can be traced back to the period of the cold war. According to Jervis, security dilemma enabled
The following is the list of reflective insights that I came to while getting myself familiarized with Juan’s case and analyzing this case’s discursive implications: When addressing the issue of children being suspected to have fallen victims to a particular form of sexual abuse, therapists should pay very close attention to what accounts for the specifics of the concerned individuals’ ethnocultural affiliation . As Fontes (2005) noted, “Us (therapists) need to be aware of cultural issues, even when working with clients who are from our own ethnic culture” (p. 14). The validity of this suggestion can be illustrated in regards to the fact, as it was mentioned in the case-handout, one of the reasons why Mrs. Fernandez realized that there was something wrong with Juan, which is that she has repeatedly caught her son masturbating. This, of course, implies that, despite being only three and a half years old, Juan did learn to derive a sensual pleasure out of touching its body. Even though the earlier suggestion may appear rather speculative, the available statistical data, concerned with the qualitative aspects of the Hispanic population’s fertility, does substantiate its discursive legitimacy. After all, many empirical studies show that physiologically speaking, Hispanic children do mature more rapidly than their White counterparts do (Scott, Johnso & Roosa, 1993). This, of course, creates objective preconditions for Hispanic children to be more likely to become sexually victimized. The validity of the suggestion that the factor of one’s ethnocultural affiliation should not be overlooked by therapists when the issue of sexual abuse is at stake, can also be explored about the fact that the effectiveness of the proposed treatment-therapies largely depends on how well they are adjusted to the patients’ culturally predetermined ‘brain wiring’. For example, the representatives of racial minorities that profess the values of a communal living (such as Hispanics), would be more likely to benefit from being exposed to specifically those therapeutic interventions that presuppose the involvement of family members, as one of the most important prerequisites of the rehabilitation’s successfulness (Lavigne et al.,1998). Given the description of the manner, in which Juan tended to behave, there can be a few doubts as to his affiliation with the psychological phenotype of an ‘extravert’.
Introduction Advertising is a big affair nowadays. Despite it was used as a means for promoting products for years, as the history of advertising has started a long ago, nowadays it has become a product also, which a consumer can order and buy according to his taste, and according to the objective he is seeking to pursue. The first thing the consumer might be concerned about is OTS (opportunities to see) his advertisement and from this point, he chooses which source he will use for the advertisement, the method, and techniques, specially developed for different audiences. Intriguingly, advertising has turned up to be a whole science with a vast area for studying: the cultural, gender, different people-oriented aspects, which are studied carefully to increase the quality of advertisements. Main body The copywriters, who have an idea about marketing and advertising can make one by the same product four times more expensive than that, which has not been advertised, and still make people boast and feel like they won a 1,000,000 lottery, or they can make one buy a useless knick-knack and bring it home to the purchaser, that he will not be able to live without this thing. The advertising industry has spread out so widely, that it applies to every aspect of human life. Day in day out the advertisements make people buy something. The advertisement, chosen for the essay is a proving example of the above said. It penetrates insight into the head of a potential consumer, making him another victim of the good art of advertising. Firstly, this advertisement wins the consumer with the unusual holiday atmosphere it creates. The Santa Clause, running against the white background is semicovered by the plate, which says “Thanksgiving specials”. How come that these two, seemingly different holidays are united in one table of the advertisement? The answer is plain – to create the atmosphere of the holiday, they organized both within the ad. It might seem strange to someone, that the holiday of thanksgiving is represented by the Santa and ear-ring instead of turkey. But think, Christmas is the favorite holiday for most of the people including both children and adults. Christmas evokes the beautiful feelings of the holiday, which is still in store this year. Nevertheless, the mentioned thanksgiving is already gone. Consequently, it is time to smoothly proceed from one holiday to another, as Santa is still being half-covered. What do the copywriters do? – They write a table, which says “Thanksgiving sale”, but the stuff, everything but turkeys, reminding of the recently washed up pile of dishes, namely jewelry, which reminds women of their natural desire to be beautiful and outstanding. The atmosphere, created by simply looking at the picture, not getting into details of the ad, i