ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Summary The purpose of this article is to make readers aware of recent discussions on sustainable educational developments (SD) from the context of competency-based approaches to higher education. It also explores the sufficiency of competence-based models in terms of how they can help in ensuring sustainable educational and societal transformations. Published in the International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, the article deploys the literature review methodology. It examines the available literature regarding the topic under investigation. It bases its arguments on observations made following direct interactions between its authors, policymakers, practitioners, and theoreticians in the discipline of “Higher Education for Sustainable Developments (HESD) and the UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (UN DESD)” (Mochizuki & Fadeeva, 2010, p. 391). The article finds educational sustainable development as consisting of sophisticated conceptualizations that are integrated into various educational programs. It also finds that the competency-based model has received intense interest among high educational stakeholders around the globe. The article has the limitation of disregarding the role of primary data in arriving at reliable conclusions. Relying purely on data published in previous articles may not be sufficient to gauge the capacity of competency-based frameworks to result in sustainable academic and societal revolutions. In terms of its practical application and social implication, this article is resourceful to policy developers, practitioners, and theoreticians interested in HESD and UN DESD discourses. This study adds value to the current ESD that has received diverse attention from various players. However, the article emphasizes the need for carrying out a multilevel analysis of the stated competence-based approaches. Critique Strengths The article offers an intense review of the literature regarding competencies for sustainable educational developments. It bases its ideas on recent achievements in this area of research. Hence, it has the strength of not drawing attention to outdated developments as its theoretical basis for determining gaps in the existing literature. This study further offers in-depth perspectives on different international processes by emphasizing the diverse nature of competence-based approaches as they currently apply to ESD. Such considerations support suggestions for future research in the area of educational sustainable development, especially in higher learning institutions. A “coherent critical multilevel analysis” (Mochizuki & Fadeeva, 2010, p. 391) of international processe
The identified community is situated in a rural area and is formed from a relatively diversified population. In consonance with the patterns observed at a national level, the proportion of representatives of different ethnicities is significant and leads to respective changes in the social and economic characteristics of the community. The most prominent manifestation of diversity is the existence of an ethnic enclave of Hispanics from Latin America, which can be partially tied to the ongoing process of immigration (Lichter, 2012). The geographical location of the said ethnic enclave coincides with the socioeconomic characteristics of the respective neighborhood. Specifically, the features associated with low quality of life can be observed, such as a significant number of homeless people. It is also evident that the population of the neighborhood has limited access to health care and education since the healthcare facilities available in the location are less popular among the citizens due to the perceived low quality of services. Finally, the community in question is reported to have a relatively high crime rate, which is consistent with the socioeconomic characteristics of similar socioeconomically-distinct entities nationwide (Meer & Tolsma, 2014). However, it should be emphasized that the latter bit of information is mostly anecdotal in origin and is not supported by reliable statistical data. The most prominent faith community existing in the area is that of Catholics. Such affiliation is predictably aligned with the existence of the ethnic enclave described above since Hispanic populations are more likely to belong to the Catholic Church for a number of cultural reasons (Ferrari, 2015). The community enables communication with its members and actively promotes Christian values with the ultimate goal of improving the social climate on the local level. Aside from it, no planned communities could be detected neither through observation nor through institutional inquiry.
Introduction Considering Germany as the potential partner in the restaurants business, a lot of factors should be investigated about the economical and social development of the country to understand the general tendency of the companies development and technological opportunities of the country in the innovative sphere to compare it with our company and conclude whether the country can cope with the scope of work, which is going to be given to it. Demographics The demographic information about the future partner country is important as it directly influences the manufacturing abilities of the country. Focusing on the demographic information of the discussed country it was concluded that Germany is the country, where the number of aged citizens (above 50) is dominated. The advantage of the current state of affairs is that the aging workers are more experienced and the involvement of the new young inexperienced workers in the industry will make it possible to educate and train them on the one hand and to consider their fresh ideas in the industry development, as young people are usually full of new and innovative ideas. The investigation in the German demographic shows that the proportion of aging workers will increase recently and the duration of life will also increase (Thun, Gröβer & Miczka, 2007). Political and legal structures and issues Considering the political and legal issues of Germany it is significant to notice that Germany is a free country, and it has no quarrels about the border with its neighbors. The jurisdictional system of the country is strong and independent. The country is reliable, the international accounting standards have been provided instead of Germany accounting practices. The tax regime in Germany is complex and burdensome, but the country is on the threshold of reforms, where the simplification of taxation is going to be provided. The labor market is highly qualified, but the inner problem of the country is that the previous government has reduced the benefits for the unemployed and restricted employment protection legislation (Germany 2007). In Germany,” doctrinal and legislative decisions, which contribute to the present understanding of contract law, always reflect the results of social struggles over the ‘right’ paradigm of law” (Maurer, 2008, p.12). Technological development Considering the recent technological affairs of Germany it may be concluded, that the country has a huge potential and contin
Kellogg: Internal and External Stakeholders The food industry has always been a very challenging environment for most organizations due to rigid standards for quality and changes in customers’ demands. However, Kellogg’s experience must be among the most complicated ones due to the issues that the firm has had with the engagement of its stakeholders. Because of the inconsistency in the corporate philosophy and the mismanagement of its brand, Kellogg has been experiencing difficulties with engaging its stakeholders despite the rather effective strategies that it utilizes. At present, several stakeholders can be identified for the Kellogg Company. The internal ones include the company’s staff members and managers. Investors should also be included in the list along with the company’s Board of Directors (BoD) ( Kellogg’s case study , 2019). External stakeholders are, in turn, much more numerous; moreover, they may vary depending on the environment and market in which a company operates. For Kellogg, external stakeholders include their customers, suppliers, shareholders, investors, and health organizations. The society, in general, can be deemed as another stakeholder whose needs Kellogg’s leaders have to take into account ( Kellogg’s case study , 2019). Overall, the list of the firm’s external stakeholders is rather large. Defining both internal and external stakeholders of the organization is crucial for creating the strategies that it should use to improve its performance. The analysis of stakeholders provides an insight into the demands and expectations that they have for Kellogg. Thus, the firm will have a chance to improve its situation and positively re-establish its brand image. Stakeholder Engagement: Significance To succeed in maintaining the levels of loyalty toward the organization among its stakeholders, one needs to engage with stakeholders actively. The notion of stakeholder engagement might seem rather plain since it mostly involves maintaining interaction with them ( Kellogg’s case study , 2019). However, due to differences in the needs and demands of stakeholders, the interest that they have n an organization, and their unique characteristics, the tools for keeping the levels of stakeholder engagement vary extensively (Barrett, Oborn, & Orlikowski, 2016). For Kellogg, ensuring that the rates of stakeholder engagement become higher means introducing the notions of clarity and Corporate Social Responsibility along with people-oriented values into its organizational setting ( Kellogg’s case study , 2019). As soon as the firm proves
Group work is one of the issues that continuously attract the attention of scholars and practitioners who attempt to develop ways of promoting cooperation within such groups. This task is of great relevance to different fields of human activity, for instance, one can mention business, education, or research. These videos indicate that there are several factors that are vital for the effective performance of different teams. In particular, one should focus on values, communication, leadership, responsibility, and ability to sacrifice some individual interests for the benefit of the group. This paper is aimed at discussing these factors in greater detail. It seems that all of them are equally important, and leader should consider them while taking their decisions. One of the most important conditions is the presence of shared values. People, who are involved in group work, should have common goals or priorities (Cotterill, 2012, p. 29). These values have to guide their efforts and unite them at the time when it is necessary to overcome challenges or resolve difficult problems (Bouncken, 2002, p. 31). In some cases, it is the task of a leader to identify the goals and priorities that individuals have in common (Woodcock & Francis, 2008, p. 16). Without this factor, even the most skilled professionals can fail to achieve their goals, in part because they will have a different perception of organizational goals and duties. This is one of the main elements that should be taken into account by researchers and business administrators. Apart from that, these videos suggest that team members should be willing to sacrifice some of their interests for the sake of the team. The individuals should know that their needs should not overweigh the needs of the team. One should not suppose that these people have to compromise some of their ethical principles. For example, in some cases, team members have to spend some of their leisure time on the tasks that the group should do. Thus, one can say that commitment is vital for good performance of groups. Provided that it is not present the team will experience significant difficulties during those periods when they have to work on time-consuming and challenging projects. Additionally, these videos suggest that the success of the teams is hardly possible in whose cases when leaders do not promote cooperation among the individuals (Margerison, 2002). The problem is that very often, leaders prefer to be the only decision-makers without engaging the team into discussions. Sometimes, they simply prefer to impose their decisions on others. Again, one can say that the competence of employees may not be sufficient for achieving good results because a single person may not see every dimension of a certain problem or task. This is one of the main arguments
The movie, ‘Some Like it Hot’, describes experiences of two main actors in a straining economy faced by high rates of unemployment. The main characters, Joe and Jerry, are victims of economic recession living in debts. In order to find jobs, the characters pretend to be females and are recruited in a female singing group. A gang attack on their group however renders them jobless before finding another job with a sinning group (Thoeren and Logan, 1959). Another gang attack leads to a deadly massacre though Jerry and Joe survives. Afraid of becoming victims of subsequent gang’s attacks, the duo further changes their identities while still assuming the female gender. Known as Josephine and Daphne, they are absorbed into another singing team under Sue’s identity. This team is also purely composed of females except Joe and Jerry who are presumed to be Josephine and Daphne. In their trip to Florida with the group, the two characters fall in love with Kane, also a member of the group. Their feelings are however restrained due to their assumed gender. At the same time, a millionaire identified as Osgood falls in love with Daphne. Joe, now guised as a real male millionaire approaches Kane while Jerry accepts Osgood’s proposal for marriage in the hope of having a share of his wealth. Another attack is witnessed and the four are forced flee to Osgood’s residence. Joe reveals his identity to
Outline  1. Introduction  2. Examples of Errors in Pharmacy  3. Process-Map Analysis      1. Verbal Explanation      2. Graphic Input  4. SIPOC Model Analysis      1. Verbal Explanation      2. Graphic Input  5. Main Problems in the Business Identified      1. Main Root Causes      2. Common Causes      3. Tools and Data to Collect  6. Proposed Solution and Measure  7. Conclusion Introduction The issue of the inaccurate prescription filling in the pharmaceutical industry poses threats to the individual’s well-being and business’s success. Though medication errors in the dispensation process do not occur frequently, even rare inaccuracies result in customers filing a lawsuit against the company. To propose an effective solution to the issue, the critical problems in the HMO’s pharmacy followed by a process map of the prescription filling process and SIPOC model analysis need to be identified. Examples of Errors in Pharmacy Despite a relatively reliable recording system in the pharmacies, medication discrepancies happen due to a variety of reasons. As specified by Bishop, Cohen, Billings, and Thomas (2015), several examples of problems in the industry include faulty prescribing, prescription, and transcription. More frequently, pharmacies face difficulties in administrating and dispensing medicine (Bishop et al., 2015). Aldwaihi, Schifano, Pezzolesi, and Umaru (2016) support the findings of the earlier research, suggesting that dispensing errors result in the distribution of the drug of inferior quality, strength, and dose. For preventing such instances, it is essential to develop a process-map outlining the critical problems in HMO pharmacies. Process-Map Analysis As shown in figure 1, errors in filling a prescription at the HMO pharmacy may occur during several stages. This process-map focuses specifically on the issues connected with dispensing medicine, such as incorrect labeling or distribution of the wrong dose. Key problems identified in the industry are loss of the assistant’s attention when reading the prescription, and pharmacist’s failure to identify and correct mistake in the clerk’s labeling (Bishop et al., 2015). The scope of the detected issues and their effect on the HMO pharmacy’s business process should be further analyzed, using the SIPOC model. Figure 1. Process-Map for Filling a Prescription at HMO Pharmacy. Source: Created by the author. SIPOC Model Analysis According to the SIPOC model, the business process in a pharmacy is divided into five categories: supplier, input, process, output, and customer. As briefly summarized in figure 2, suppliers in the industry are pharmacy staff, doctors, and patients. Customers include individual patients, families, and healthcare professionals. Input constitutes of the pa
Production The production will be an international students’ guide for living in the United Kingdom. It will consist of three media products that include a magazine, CD, and online blog. Newly-arriving learners will find practical information about living in the UK. This information will be delivered in their native language so as to address language barriers. They will read about accommodation, travel/ transport information, medical treatment, visa extension, British food experiences, Home office updates, weather changes, shopping locations, British social life, financial management, and several other aspects of daily life (Pearson 2011). Those who intend to support themselves financially will also find job-seeking information and details about the legal hours of work (The British Council 1999). If readers have more questions, they will find the editors’ contact information in the magazine. They can use the email address to send their inquiries. Aside from the magazine, the information will also be available online through a blog. It will highlight some of the content in the magazine and will also address some of the queries that readers have. This platform will also allow students to post problems that can be viewed by a large audience. For instance, if a person needs to get back to their home country and needs someone to look after their pet, then they can post the information on the blog. Speedy responses and follow-throughs are some of the advantages of this platform. Finally, the production will also consist of a CD that will be attached to the magazine. It will contain tips on living in the UK from older, more experienced students. The product will be like a mini-documentary about their experiences and will also show the audience how their fellow countrymen live. Justificatio
Introduction Religion from ancient times has been handled as a very sacred issue, which people were meant to talk about with a lot of holiness. It is this idea that for long made religious studies almost a taboo in the society, because people looked at religion as a medium of communication with God, who was not supposed to be a subject of discussion. Additionally, it was believed that academic study was a secular issue whereas religion was considered to be sacred, and the two were not supposed to be integrated. Due to this view, religion was until recently not given the academic approach. This paper seeks to highlight why religious studies should be given an academic view, in the quest to understand how it regulates people’s acts in the society. Religious Study and Life The beginning of life is a mystery that has for long been a subject of debate, upon which several explanations have been put forward in trying to unravel it (Deal & Beal, 2004). Religion is one of those aspects that try to solve this puzzle, by providing an explanation of how the world and all that is in it was created. Religion also tries to view life from various perspectives, and give possible solutions to some difficult situations which pose problems to most people. It is important to note that religion is so much entangled with life, that it is not practically possible to separate the two. Ways of Studying Religion For one to know more about religion, some methodologies need to be applied in the collection and analysis of data. The modes of study applied here are the same as those applied in other disciplines, and they require one to be an academician in order to be able to adequately employ them (Saliba, 2003). Religious Studies and Other Disciplines Religious studies share a lot of doctrines with other academic disciplines, which have enhanced the understanding of religion. Religion explains how people should live in the society, and what they should and should not do, sharing the same approach with sociology which studies people and their behavior in society. Religion has also been found to play a greater role in resource allocation, especially in poor communities as it helps people cope with the little they get, thereby solving the problem of economics which seeks to address the issue of resource distribution. Additionally, religion seeks to explain the origin of man and life, while history uses another perspective in solving the same problem of when and how life began (Skele, 2003). Psychology and Philosophy have also been found to share links and ideas with religion, in the way they approach human behavior. Criticism on Religious Studies Those who criticize religious studies have argued that, religion requires one to observe high moral standards, but students who study religion usually do not practice the teachings of religion, thereby violating the very basic principles of religious studies (Rodriguez & Harding, 2009). Some have also claimed that religion as a subject lacks sufficient clout, to be included in school curriculums, since it lacks basic elements of academic subjects