Introduction The human mind is one of the greatest mysteries of the world. The way it functions preconditions people’s behaviors, their abilities, and social status. To a greater degree, the whole individuals’ lives are a result of its functioning. However, in some cases, the given unique organ fails to work in appropriate ways which results in the emergence of multiple mental problems. The complexity of this issues preconditions the emergence of various illusions or hallucinations that confuse individuals and their close people. At the same time, such situations give food for imagination that can be used by authors utilizing the given theme and creating plots to attract readers’ attention and show them peculiarities of a particular idea. Thus, the story Henry IV by Luigi Pirandello can be considered a perfect example of a work that utilizes the theme of madness to reveal exiting inner conflicts in people and emphasize their universal character. Background In general, the author is famous for his experimental works combining psychological aspects with some other motifs to create a complete image and inspire a leader. One of the main reasons for the emergence of such fusion is the desire to show the unique character of the psyche and, from the other hand to emphasize the fact that all people have similar problems (Gillette 25). For instance, in the story Henry IV , Pirandello apparently makes allusions to Shakespeare’s play with the same title to show the existence of the same inner conflict and emphasize the fact that in different epochs people had same troubles (Gillette 21). At the same time, this anti-historical work shows peculiarities of a new era and challenges people living in it face. In such a way, Henry IV becomes a potent text that demonstrates basic aspects of our mentalities and makes people think about their own problems. Plot The plot of the story is unusual as it is created with the primary aim to reveal the problems mentioned by the author and help readers to understand the central themes of the play which are madness and deep inner conflicts peculiar to people in different epochs. Thus, an unnamed Italian aristocrat acquires a severe mental disease after his fall from a horse while playing the role of Henry I. during the annual festival (Pirandello 15). The given crash had a pernicious impact on his conscience as the main character starts to believe that he is Henry. In such a way, all hero’s close people and family members have to pretend that they really live in the imperial palace and play the role of Henry’s councilors. The invited doctor tries to treat the patient and destroy madness, however, it results in tragic outcomes. Main Characters This unusual setting helps to present the main character who can also be considered the unconventional one. The fact is that the author balances between madness and normal states while describing Henry IV. At the very beginning of the play, he claims that he is the medieval German King who has to be honored and respected. At the same time, in real life, he is a man in his fifties who live in Italia and has a number of advisers who usually surround him. This pattern is also used while depicting the world cr