ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Intercultural communication is the communication that exists between two or more parties that hold different social, religious or ethnic background. In this kind of communication the parties involved bring with them their experiences and values acquired from the culture they adopt as they grew up. Therefore, for a business to excel well in the international market, it needs to establish an efficient intercultural communication among the parties involved. Language is the main source of conflict in intercultural communication. Hence, business firms should train their workers to uphold people from all ethnicity with respect. They should not undermine people who might have difficulties in expressing themselves in their languages, but instead they should assist them (Johnson, 2003) Case Study: Francesca’s Kitchen Business in Netherlands and China The expansion of Francesca’s kitchen business from Australia to Netherlands and China is a positive move for the business to enter into a global market. This expansion will boost the performance of the business in its production and marketability of its products due to the high population in China and Netherlands. However, the process will face the challenge on how to overcome the intercultural communication among these states. This is because of the different languages and cultural orientation present in these countries. There is a need for the company to recruit more staff to work on the new branches that are anticipated starting in China and Netherlands. The employees likely for recruitment are mostly Netherlanders, the Chinese and the Australian executives to oversee the new ventures. The presence of a workforce from different background is likely to bring a conflict in the intercultural communication. This will result due to the differences of the cultures and languages of Australian people and people from China and Netherlands (Walker, 2002) The Chinese use the Chinese language as the means of communication while the Australian use English as their language of communication. This difference of the languages of the two groups of workforce in the same organization can lower the business performance, as the two groups might not coordinate effectively. Therefore, the company needs to establish an efficient communication in the business. Different cultural background will further hinder efficient communication between the two groups of people from these different countries. People from different cultural background have diverse nonverbal communication such as body movements. Similarly, they have differing meanings for colors. Thus, these differences are likely to affect proper integration of the employees from different countries. Similarly, The Chinese have a strong respect for their elderly people. Thus, when one is addressing the elderly, one should demonstrate a lot of respect for them. This is not common with the Australians who have been alienated by the western lifestyle that does not value age so much as the Chinese do. Hence, there is likelihood for a conflict between
Abstract This essay explores the significance of simulation technology in the nursing practice. The last decade has been characterized by immense technological shifts in healthcare systems. The ever-increasing incidences of diseases together with nursing innovation and education are the primary drivers for the implementation of modern medical equipment in most healthcare facilities. The need for medical accuracy, patient safety, and security has led to increased innovation in nursing practice. Simulation technology offers solutions to these issues. For example, simulation technology is to enhances nursing skills through training in a safer condition. The essay highlights some hardware and software requirements that are used in the creation of virtual reality. Assessments are successfully accomplished using controlled experiments. Lastly, the essay describes how simulation technology enhances the delivery of healthcare. Introduction Simulation refers to a technological process that uses both software and hardware to run an operation while monitoring the potentiality of an outcome of a given experiment based on known features and values. A new variable can be introduced to influence the nature of the outcome. This technology was formerly used in the military, aviation, and nuclear sectors. Simulation in medical practice was discovered in the seventeenth century. A France physician, Dr. Gregoire, once simulated the abdomen using the pelvis, stretched skin, and dead fetus to explain various complications in delivering a baby. Currently, simulation in the healthcare sector is on the rise due to a need for improving the safety of patients. Numerous researchers attest that simulation is likely to promote the growth of knowledge nursing societies. The current use of simulation in other sectors such as safety engineering, education, games, and modeling sectors underpin the abovementioned statement. Successful implementation of virtual reality in the nursing practice requires experts to develop various appropriate mode
Different cultures have different unique traits. In the global village that the world has become, traveling to different countries for either leisure or business is a common thing. However, the number of people who experience culture shock is clear evidence that people take no time to research the cultures in their destination places before embarking on the journey that takes them there. Culture shock can be either way, delightful or outright nasty. Take for example a person who travels to china from the United States. He/she would find it completely hard to fit in an environment where loud talking and spitting on the streets is the order of the day, on the other hand, he/she would also get to see and enjoy the Chinese festivals, their diverse cuisine and their artistic nature. USA Culture America today prides itself as one among the most culturally diverse society in the world. While this fact can be argued either way, it is a fact that America, as people know it today, comprises of different people from different cultures who settled in the countries. This diversity is evident in their music, fashion, cuisine, visual arts, cinema and literature and due to the propagation of the same through the media; the American culture has today become the pedestal through which other cultures are evaluated for modesty (Americans-world.org). It is aptly named the popular culture and is propagated to the rest of the world through, television, movies, music, and sports. The attitudes of the American people are based on the desire for happiness, secure life, and liberty (knowledgerush.com). As such, the American people are free to believe whatever they want, to pursue goals self-interest goals,and enjoy free markets. Social identity is the psychological process of linking oneself to other people based on what perceive as shared traits. (Walsh, K. C.2004). Owing to the fact that America has diverse groups of people who share common traits amongst themselves and not necessarily with other Americans, it would be hard to give the culture a single social identity. However, language is among one popular trait that gives them a social identity. Americans recognize English as the main identifying factor for its people. However, Spanish is also a major part of the culture mainly because some South American countries use the language exclusively or alongside English (knowledgerush.com) The trend that emerges from this individualistic culture is that individuals are not assured of family support, but can benefit from organized group support or interventions set by the government. The subsistence patterns depend on the nature of the family unit and American culture being too individualistic, one can always seek help from a social group or organized groups that came into being as a result of the deficiency created in the home scene. Like many other places in the world, women in America are more than men. In fact, for every woman in the country, there are 0.99 men. However, because of th
Introduction Lavender is commonly found in the Mediterranean areas. The first mentions about this herb are found in the Bible. It says that Adam and Eve took it with them when being exiled from the Haven. It was known in the ancient Egypt to embalm the mummies. In addition, in such countries as Rome, Persia and Greece, Lavender was originally taken as a bath additive and to wash clothes. Lavender is popular in many fields, including medicine. For instance, historically it was used as an antiseptic and handling for mental health conditions, as a protection from the plague in the Medieval Europe and as an antiseptic during the First World War. In the present-day world, lavender is utilized to treat various illnesses and conditions related to the nervous system, skin problems and in cosmetics. In reference to scientific evidence, little has been researched with regards to the effectiveness of lavender health uses, thus, all potential risks and benefits of this herb cannot be known for sure. Apart from all useful properties of this herb, one should be aware of the side effects and precautionary measures when using it, because, as any medication, it has its positive and negative effects. In addition, interaction with other prescribed medications should be taken into consideration. These are the issues that will be discussed in this paper. Potential action As it has already been mentioned, Lavender is used in medicine and cosmetics. It is known for its relaxing and sedative effects. Thus, it can be useful to prevent and even treat such conditions as anxiety, insomnia, depression and restlessness, tension headaches and also migraines. Inhaling the aroma of this herb is good when suffering loss of appetite, diabetes, cold. It can be mixed with other oils and applied to areas of the body to prevent chronic and nerve pain. It is also very popular as a cosmetic additive to shampoos, shower gels and creams to prevent such conditions as hair loss, irritated skin, eczema, acne, psoriasis, and dermatitis of various types. Globally, Lavender is utilized in aromatherapy. The scent from the ess
Want to learn more about the view of human nature in psychoanalytic theory? This essay focuses on Sigmund Freud’s view of human nature and explains the key concepts of his theory. Introduction According to Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic investigation, human nature comprises some deep characteristics which yearn to satisfy particular needs and impulses such as aggression, the ego that drives him towards pleasurable experiences, the need for love and avoidance of pain in all areas of life. The impulses are considered to lead either towards good or evil, according to the nature of satisfaction they bring to an individual and the community at large. This research paper shall analyze Freud’s view of human nature that became a considerable contribution to psychology. Freud’s View of Human Nature: the Concepts The nature of the society, either civilized or barbaric, is a result of the personality type of people inhabiting the environment. It is also a function of the degree of moral standards set by society, which forms continuous suppression of human instinct, leading to the need for either reaction or compensation (Ziegler, 2002). Freud, on his psychoanalytic perspective, argued that personality development is one of the significant characteristics of human nature that leads to a deeper understanding of the uniqueness of each person’s life. Movement of individuals from one stage of life to another results in conflict between social and biological drive found within human nature. Freud’s drive theory assumes that the ability of any individual to cope with his/her environment is determined by the individual’s ability to deal with the forces within the society and learn from them. His argument on psychosexuality was that the management of a child’s sexual and aggression drives by the parents within the early stages of life contributes more significant percentage on a healthy personality development which comprises of three parts; id which forms the source for primary and biological needs and forms substantial rate of the mind. Then there is the ego that forms the conscious part of human nature and is driven by survival and contributes towards the directing of id’s impulses as appropriate. Then there is the superego that forms part of social conscience and develops as a result of relationships and interactions with parents who teach the children to accept and conform to the society’s values and norms (Ziegler, 2002). Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory Freud in his books continues to argue that human nature finds it difficult to accept anything less than excellence. According to Sigmund Freud’s theory, the instinct that drives them towards this contributes towards intellectualism and more of ethical sublimation, which makes a human crave for a superiority complex. Freud argued that there is a significant relationship existing between man and society, which makes him/her naturally antisocial based on the level of evil na
Introduction Skills such as problem solving and handling of crises are vital for a person working for any organization. This is because problems and crises in life are bound to occur in the course of one’s duty. Problem solving and crises handling skills are developed as one encounters different situations in their private lives that demand the use of such skills. One area that helps develop such skills is the area of intimacy. A person is able to deal with issues that may arise from time to time in their relationship with the spouse. Intimacy skills related to the conventions of love have also been employed in marketing. Emotions depicted in intimacy and the ‘branded self’ can also translate to employability. This paper shall address these and other skills in intimacy and how they translate to employability. Use of conventions in love as marketing strategies Gregg (2011) gives an illustration of how skills in intimacy can translate to employability. She uses an illustration of a bank’s marketing strategy in Australia. Key words such as love, intimacy and marketing are used to show how closely the bank uses the conventions of love to put across the intended message to the public. The marketing campaign started on Valentine’s Day of 2011, when National Australia Bank (NAB) sent a rival bank a gift which carried a message that they (NAB) did not want any further business association with the Bank. NAB cited the reason for taking such a step as being unhappy in the relationship they had with the bank and they had therefore decided to ‘dump’ their rival in order to move on with their business happily. The bank used the language used by lovers in a relationship to express their emotions to one another. Emotions of dissatisfaction and the eventual breaking up of two people, who were once in an intimate relationship, are expressed in the same manner NAB used to pass their dissatisfaction with their arch rival bank. To further mimic a real break up between lovers, NAB hired people to act like couples who broke up because of issues such as hidden bank fees and who felt that they could no longer continue being trapped in a relationship that was oppressive to them. The acting happened in cafes and commuter trains. NAB’s campaign strategy, of using the language on love and intimacy, was very successful and in a short period of time. It only took the bank less than a month to start seeing the positive results that the campaign had yielded. There was a significant growth in the transa
Daniel Valerio was born to Cheryl Butcher and Michael Valerio in 1988 at Victoria, Australia (Goddard and Liddell 1995). He was the fourth kid born to Cheryl Butcher but the second to Michael Valerio since they had met when Cheryl had already two kids of her own. About one year later on October 1989, Cheryl and Michael’s relationship came to an end, and they parted ways. On February of the following year, Cheryl met Paul Aiton whom she started living together with; that is when Daniel Valerio’s horrifying abusive experience began in events that culminated to his death five months later when he was barely two years old (Goddard and Liddell 1995). The purpose of this paper is to discuss the nature of Daniel Valerio child abuse case in general and generate lessons learned from this experience. By the time that Daniel succumbed to his internal injuries that finally led to his death, he has been on and off in hospitals a dozen times where he was treated by various health professionals that included pediatrics and general practitioners. The coroner postmortem report performed after his death indicated a total of 104 injuries at every part of the young boy’s body (Goddard and Liddell 1995). The coroner report identified the fatal injuries to be on internal organs in the abdomen region, which had been overlooked by the last doctor that was treating Daniel. It is these internal injuries that led to internal bleeding that finally caused Daniel’s death. Other extensive injuries that were identified during the postmortem examination were multiple fractures on the collar bone, head injuries and the trunk among other areas (Goddard and Liddell 1995). In this case, it is evident that Daniels abusive experience started when Paul Aiton moved into their house, a fact that has collaborated from several sources including the neighbors who were incidentally the first to notice the signs of abuse. Over the next five months when Paul was continuously abusing Daniel, a series of health professionals were involved, numerous calls made to police, teachers informed and child protection officers notified more than once bringing the total number of professionals engaged to more than 20 (Saunders and Goddard, 2001). What is baffling in Daniel abuse case is that none of these trained professionals were able to avert Daniel death eventually despite their involvement at various levels. Even more troubling is the fact that the police and the child protection officers would not have identified a similar child abuse case that involved Daniels older brother that was also being carried out by Paul. In the end, it was an electrician who identified the typical signs of abuse in Daniel that finally led police to
Introduction Photographs in the past were regarded as a reliable way of keeping memories. Most people took photos for autobiographical purposes intended to serve as a memory and communication. For example, photographs were used as a reminder of how life was in the past. Photography has since moved on from a reserve of family memories into other fields. According to Maître (2017, p.1), this change began forty years ago when solid digital sensors replaced analog silver films. The introduction of solid digital sensors meant led to the development of point-and-shoot cameras that fits in a pocket. Then they were introduced into mobile phones and tablets, leading to the revolution of the photographic industry (Maître, 2017, p.1). Maître (2017, p.5) noted that compact cameras were the first digital cameras introduced in the 1980s. Compact cameras comprised of a fixed lens, retractable focal length, and the viewing was done through a screen. These cameras could comfortably fit into a pocket. However, most cameras in modern society consist of internal and removable memory, visualization and modification screens, image stabilization elements, filters and lenses, and shutters, focus, and light measurement mechanisms (Maître, 2017, p.309). These advancements facilitated the integration of photography into the medical sector. This paper analyzes improvements of digital cameras in the healthcare industry, focusing on the field of dermatology. Medical practitioners use photography for a variety of reasons while treating patients. In 1840, Alfred Donne photographed sections of bones, teeth, cells from body fluids, and cellular debris in what is the first recorded case of medical photography (Harting et al., 2015, p.401). Since then, advances in cameras have increased the application of photography in medical specialties, such as dermatology, radiology, pathology, and psychiatry. The photographs are a great way to document patients’ history and are used to track the progression over time accurately. For instance, dermatologists use magnification and non-polarized light to view skin lesions, which helps in improving diagnostic capability (Harting et al., 2015, p.402; Michelangeli, 2019, p.7). High-quality images provided by digital photography are useful in the medical sector because doctors use them to track disease progression and educate patients. Dermatology is a visual-based field because it involves the collection of photography and imaging for diagnosis and tracking the effectiveness of the medicine. According to Michelangeli (2019), doctors used to sketch or paint illustrations of skin diseases before the invention of photography. Therefore, the introduction of black and white photography in the mid-nineteenth century helped the doctors to capture images and hand color the areas with lesions after live observation. Th
Over the years since the invention of the hot rod that comprised old car parts joined and modification of an engine and body parts, various types or classification of the hot rod have come up. Some of these types include rat rod cars and custom cars. These two types of hot rod cars have many similarities mainly because they have the same origin. Like any other hot rod manufacture, the two types named above have used body parts from different makes of cars and engine swapping is not something foreign to any of them. However, differences have emerged in both technologies leading to the different names given to the two cars. Accordingly, the rat rod has proven to be the more preferable on the grounds of functionality, performance, and the ability to provide an opportunity to the builder to explore their mechanical abilities. This paper labors to show the superiority of the rat rod over the custom car on these three grounds. A rat rod is a style of car customization that involves putting together various car parts to come up with a drivable device or a car. On the other hand, a custom car is usually a passenger vehicle built from ground-up creating a flow then changing the engine and transmission system to improve performance. The classifications of different types of hot rods aforementioned led to differences in their features in terms of performance, functionality, and the opportunity available to mechanics to modify the cars. Functionality implies the ability of the modified car to fulfill the purpose of the manufacturer while performance is an indication of the level of efficiency of the modifications done on the vehicle. The different types of hot rod cars present different opportunities to the mechanics depending on the dynamic modifications that they can perform to the car. The more the opportunities available, the more dynamic designs a customizer has the opportunity to design. Custom builders and Rat Rod builders both belong to a general class of typical American cars known as Hot rods, but the Rat rod car is more functional, is a higher performing vehicle, and allows builders to demonstrate greater mechanical abilities, thus a better car than a custom car. Rat rod cars were modified generally for driving and not to show off. This implies that not much attention is paid to the other functionalities of beauty or appearance, but the basic concept is to ensure that the manufactur