ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Several problems are associated with surveys. These problems include the usage of the survey results by third parties, the addition of more information to fill blanks that survey respondents did not fill and disclosing the identity of the respondents. All these problems have ethical concerns. Another ethical problem that is associated with surveys is tricking people into participating in surveys by supplying limited information concerning the real reason for the survey. In such surveys, it is not surprising to find some questions that target specific elements of the lives of the participants, and these are the questions that end up supplying the information needed by the survey tricksters. All these ethical problems are evident in a survey that was carried out in Principia College where the respondents were international students. The people and institutions conducting surveys must get the regulations right (Alreck & Settle2004, pp.19-21). In the research article, none of the above issues was addressed. There is a high chance that most people who conduct research and go ahead to make the following ethical mistakes do the same with a level of willingness. This makes it hard for them to realize that it is actually wrong (Kimmel 1996, pp.4-5). This may be the reason these issues were not addressed in the research article. Alternatively, it is possible that some people do not perceive these as ethical problems but as ways of accessing data that are vital in their analysis of a certain group of people. Therefore, they view all that is done in the research as not only legitimate but also ethical. Maybe a set of rules outlining the ethical elements that are supposed to be taken into consideration during surveys can make a difference. In this set of rules, it should be made clear that the people taking part in a survey must be informed on the purpose of the survey and the key question in the survey that will provide the information to fulfill the purpose of the survey. In this way, members of the public who have concerns about sharing their private information can avoid the survey. These ethical concerns in surveys are not without consequences. This is true for both the institution and the individual conducting the survey. It is also important to point out that these consequences are an issue only when they are not addressed. For the individual, it is possible that if the respondents or participants in the survey get to know that they were tricked into participating in a survey that they would not have participated in had they known the purpose behind it; they will take legal action against him or her. It is also possible that this individual will not have the reputation necessary to conduct any other future surveys from the same population as
Introduction Human resource management is based on certain principles and skills which can be developed and improved with the help of activities trained in the classroom or during the work. From this point, to determine knowledge and skills necessary for training effective human resource managers, it is significant to focus on management principles and characteristics of perfect managers. Different professional behaviors developed by human resource managers often depend on using the ‘principle of learning’ theory during the study process (Baker & Doran, 2002). The focus on a human resource development program can be discussed as the effective technique to provide managers with the possibilities to concentrate on their current skills and abilities and improve or develop definite attributes to become effective in career. Thus, the task is to determine key management principles and associated skills to become a professional, to assess the current skills and experience according to the main attributes, and to work out an effective human resource development program to become prepared for the work. As a result, such basic terms as ‘principles of learning’, ‘management principles’, ‘classroom-based’ and ‘job-based’ activities are necessary for discussing the topic. Specific training programs are significant to orient managers to developing their professional skills and active approach to work. The Specifics of Human Resource Manager’s Work Human resource management is the sphere in which effective managers contact with employees directly, and they can be discussed as responsible for organizing the work effectively from the start because human resource managers’ duties include selection of candidates and recruitment, the organization of the employees’ work according to the company’s goals, the control of performance, the investigation of the work results and outcomes, motivational activities, and performance appraisal. To speak about the competence of a human resource manager, it is necessary to concentrate on the manager’s approach to performing this basic list of responsibilities (Jakupec & Garrick, 2002). Human resource managers regularly face the challenge of planning and organizing the work of employees in order to achieve the company’s strategic goals. According to the human resource theories, the focus on the goal is the first s
Introduction Technological development directs the progress of individuals and humankind as a whole. The majority of tasks previously performed by people are now being delegated to various machines. However, this is only one aspect of the matter since there is a tendency to humanize the devices in the case of their physical resemblance with humans (Mergner et al. 1). The former’s capability to memorize, entertain and make independent conclusions only adds to the perception of them as humanlike creatures. Modern androids, in turn, confirm it by showing character, reacting to the environment, and mimicking others’ emotions. Moreover, their purpose of helping people in all areas of life makes them dependent on these machines. This situation leads to the emergence of logical fallacies in the process of analyzing interactions when a person struggles to find a borderline between a human and a robot. This trend has specific psychological implications defined by the social consciousness of the time. Therefore, the development of robotic technology reflects the perspectives of people on themselves and affects the process of personality formation as well as psychological wellbeing in general. Current Trends in Robotics The rapid progress of technology, together with the demands of the present-day world, define the need for researchers to propose the required solutions to the population. From this point of view, one of the fields which benefit most from this trend is healthcare, and the devices are primarily used for intervention and rehabilitation programs (Marchetti et al. 1). What is more important, they are distinguished not only by application but also by individual characteristics of patients. Thus, for example, the orientation of scholars in the attempts to reveal the usefulness of machines for the provision of high-quality healthcare services is on such categories as children, adults, and elderly (Marchetti et al. 2). Another area that benefits from such devices is education, even though the technological solutions for it are less developed in comparison with healthcare. The recent advances in this sphere are related to the attempts to substitute people with devices for consulting students on their professional choices based on their personal characteristics (Fridayanti et al. 203). Hence, they resemble the psychological assistance provided by androids in healthcare. Social Underpinning of Technological Progress The emergence of robotic solutions which mostly affect healthcare and education can be viewed through the lens of societal shifts. These devices tend to act like humans, and this factor contributes to the perceived development of their individuality. From this perspective, the humanization of androids and the attribution of personal qualities to them is conditional upon the way people perceive themselves. According to Twenge, America
How the U.S. military evolved from the militia system to maintaining a standing army The United States military evolved from the early militia system that helped in bringing independence to the country to the modern advanced military system that is currently considered the best military system in the world (Peskin 84). During the colonial era, the colonial government did not have a properly structured military system, preferring to use militias. The American forces that fought for the independence organized themselves into a militia system and were successful in forcing the colonialists away from the country. The Continental Army operated as a militia system even after the 1776 independence and they operated independently in the 13 states. The federal government trusted the militia system to protect the American borders because of its efficiency and ease of management (Campbell 71). However, this military system has undergone consistent changes over the years in line with various environmental changes. In 1782, Congress passed the Militia Act was passed that required the militias to purchase their firearms and be ready to respond to distress call under a central command within the states (Waddell 23). However, the fact that the militias were not funded by the government made it difficult to coordinate and control them effectively. Dick Act of 1903 marked the beginning of the real reforms in the United States military system where the federal government was required to be directly responsible for and be in command of the armed forces. Congress passed legislation that created various arms of the current military system and the forces responsible for maintaining internal security. The military system experienced further transformation in the 18 th and early 19 th century when the United States started engaging actively in the international military expeditions. Since the United States borrowed heavily from the British military system when transforming its militia into a modern army, it also made an effort to make it military relevant to the environmental forces (Benn 78). Several changes were made from time to time in line with the changes in the environment. Currently, the United States military system is a highly advanced entity under the ministry of defense, considered to be the best in the world. Role of the American Revolution and the War of 1812 in the evolution The American Revolution and the War of 1812 played a major role in the evolution of the American militia into a fully functionally military system with a central command. During this war, the United States was determined to assert its position as an independent country that had all the rights to make independent decisions without any interference from foreign forces (Tucker and Fredriksen 65). To do this, it had to use its poorly organized and inadequately equipped militias. The government set a series of objectives that were to be achieved through military actions. However
Introduction The construction project of hospitals involves many stakeholders. This makes it almost impossible for designers to satisfy all stakeholders. In fact, it is easier to capture the expectation of stakeholders who pay for the asset than those who are using them. Many studies have underlined the importance of building co-created value between paying clients and users in a construction project. While in infrastructure like hospitals, the proper approach to capturing and delivering benefits remains unclear. This essay will use the building of Royal Liverpool & Broadgreen University Hospital as an example while aiming at proposing some ideas on what approaches will help a designer team to balance different stakeholder’s requirements. Firstly, the essay will provide some academic definitions of “value” regarding construction management. Secondly, it will apply the case of the Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospital to capture the goals and objectives of this project from different sides. Thirdly, it will explain the approaches to facilitate the capture and delivery of value to this project. Introducing Value There are many definitions of value. In the management area, specifically, Smyth (2016) concluded that the value of money emphazes on efficiency to reduce costs and produce efficient products and services, respectively. In such complex projects as hospitals, he also found that customers are always co-creating the value. Firms used to believe in the significance of products, that products are the cores of one company’s performance. However, in the last few decades, more and more people suggest that services also stand in a critical position. According to Vargo and Lusch (2008), the idea is that business is exchanging more services than their goods. They argued that business should concern more on ‘service-dominant’ logic (S-D logic) than ‘goods-dominant ‘logic (G-D logic). S-D logic focuses on the exchange of service where goods act as an appliance in service provision. This aspect implies that the service is provided directly or indirectly through products. Therefore, the process of value creation is achieved through providers’ knowledge and skills rather than the goods and services. It also dictates that a customer is the co-creator of value (Payne, Storbacka & Frow 2008). However, it is criticized that S-D logic is not clear in concept and lacks precision (Stauss 2005). As a result, researchers suggest that the transition focus from goods to services awaits theory building on service perspective. By managing value co-creation through providing service would create a permanent value of ‘desirable customer segments’ (Payne and Frow 2005). In addition, co-creation of value is not limited to suppliers and customers since all parts of the stakeholders are involved in the network (Gummesson 2008). Creating value also has a role in the construction context. In a building project, many stakeholders are interested in developm
Risks and Symptoms of a Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition that is characterized by a blood clot(s) occurring in the veins inside an individual’s muscles. It mainly occurs in legs, although it can also form in the chest arms and even in other body parts. The symptoms of DVT include soreness and inflammation of body parts where the clot forms. In some cases, the clot forms in the blood vessels that carry blood to the brain, heart, or even lungs. In such a situation, DVT becomes fatal due to organ damages. Becattini, Agnelli, and Schenone (2012, p.1959) explain that people can easily develop a suspicion that they have DVT when they experience severe inexplicable pain in their ankle or foot. Such people may also have some areas of the skin feeling warmer compared to others that surround the specific region. The skin in the affected area turns pale, reddish, or sometimes bluish. However, the condition may not be easily detected among some people until they have undergone treatment for pulmonary embolism in an emergency condition (Geersing, Zuithoff, Kearon, & Anderson, 2014). This situation is associated with risky complications that arise from DVT. Potential Complications from DVT Pulmonary embolism is one of the probable complications of DVT. The artery that supplies blood to the lungs becomes blocked, often causing death in a few hours when the condition is not addressed promptly. When the complication is detected, patients are given emergency admission when a medical practitioner can help to manage the condition. Signs such as increased heart rate, cough with blood droplets, breathing rapidly, sweating, and dizziness accompany pulmonary embolism (Geersing et al., 2014). Patients may also experience chest pains, which become worse after coughing or even when taking a deep breath. People who have had DVT may also develop post-thrombotic syndrome, which constitutes a long-term symptom. Van der et al. (2011) assert that the syndrome affects 20 percent to 40 percent of people diagnosed with DVT. The ongoing research on the causes of PTS has not arrived at a unanimous agreement on the causes of the condition. However, Geersing et al. (2014) observe that i
It is imperative to mention that Assata Shakur is one of the most well-known activists, but the problem is that many view her actions as incredibly controversial, and it has led to numerous discussions. She was determined to build a society without any oppression and discrimination and was actively participating in meetings (Perkins 3). Also, it is necessary to mention that she has inspired numerous black feminist movements because they realized that it is necessary to fight against the system if they want something to change in the future. It is also interesting that some suggest that the decision to put her on the list of most-wanted offenders was made because FBI is trying to ensure that the population is afraid of radicalism (Adewunmi par. 2). Moreover, the documentary was very emotional and has made me think about the struggle of Shakur and difficulties she had to face. Relevance It is paramount to understand that the name of the activist is relevant even today because an enormous percentage of the population does not agree with the decision of the government. Moreover, it is believed that some pieces of the evidence were fabricated. Another aspect that is worth noting is that unity between the races and cultures is essential, and must be utilized to address all of the most significant issues (Thompson 348). For instance, police brutality in Ferguson has been a topic of numerous controversies, and it is imperative to understand that it affects many women, and it is a responsibility of every feminist to draw attention to this problem. Moreover, it is worrying that issues that people had to deal with at that time are still present and not resolved. The problem is that some women do not have an understanding of what is the purpose of feminism (Hooks 239). Furthermore, a review of the biography of this activist may be vital. Beyonce and Assata Shakur It is imperative to understand that the similarity between politics of these two women is that they are not afraid of expressing their opinions and ideas. Moreover, Beyonce has managed to establish an enormous fan base and is viewed as one of the most influential modern artists. Furthermore, she understands that it is an outstanding opportunity to address some of the issues that modern society has to deal with at the moment. Another aspect that is worth noting is that NYPD has reported that Beyonce’s new tour is going to be boycotted because her recent video is believed to be anti-police (Peck par.1). Moreover, her performance at the Super Bowl was also quite controversial and has led to numerous discussions (Elgot par.1). The lyrics of the song may also be studied to get a bette
Whistleblower Activity It is an offense for an organization to dismiss its employees without following the due process. The residential medical facility terminated the services of Janet Broom and Darla Miller due to their whistleblower activity. The federal Court of Appeals should reverse the decision of the trial court. Broom and Miller engaged in whistleblower activity for the good of the public and the organization. The Uniform Control Dangerous Substances Act makes it a criminal offense for an individual to steal a controlled dangerous substance. Broom and Miller adhered to this act. If Broom and Miller were unionized employees, the medical facility would not have terminated them. This is because they would have more bargaining power. It would have ensured fair representation of the employees. The union would have required the medical facility to follow the due process before terminating the employees. Therefore, the medical facility may have issued warnings or suspensions instead of terminations. Violation of Confidentiality Companies strive to ensure that they maintain their competitive edge. Confidentiality agreement prevents employees from leaking certain vital information to rivals of the company. ReadyPro Company applied the confidentiality agreement appropriately. The confidentiality agreement helped in protecting the company from rivals. The terms of employment may provide insights into how a company reduces its operational costs. Therefore, it is vital for an organization to ensure that it maintains the secrecy of the terms of employment. According to Martinez, the confidentiality agreement was very broad. Therefore, it did not provide a detailed instruction on what is confidential. The confidentiality agreement did not specify how the employee should handle reimbursement issues. Martinez did not have a formal agreement with ReadyPro on how she would receive reimbursements for use of her personal computer. Instead, she made an agreement with the San Antonio project manager. Since the company did not complain about the agreement with the San Antonio project manager, it would be wrong for it to claim later that she disclosed vital information. Martinez received reimbursements from the San Antonio project manager. In so doing, she did not deal directly with her employer. Therefore, if there was a reduction in reimbursement it was logical that Martinez would inform the project manager about the reduction. Therefore, her termination was illegal. Landrum-Griffith Act Almost half of the members of Local 1 understand only Spanish. Therefore, the union should ensure that it caters for the needs of the members who only understand Spanish. According to Section 101(a) of the Landrum Griffin Act, a labor organization should give its members equal rights. The labor organization should ensure that various factors do not restrict the participation of members in various activities of the organization. Therefore, using only English during the monthly meetings restricts the participation of Spanish speaking members. Local 1 should correct this by hiring a professional