ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Lives of people are conditioned by numerous reasons and factors that are very often beyond their control. What is the most terrible in this situation is that people become the tools of crime and struggle between the political leaders who finally decide everything between themselves and make people to blame for all the misfortunes of the country. This is the case with the hardships that people have to live through during revolutions that occur rather often in the human society. Revolution, as it is obvious from the very term, is the great stress for al the institutions of the human society. Due to this fact, it is difficult to find out those who are to blame for the hardships of people, and revolutionary times are as a rule the most difficult for ordinary people. The most important institution of the society which is affected by revolutionary changes and difficulties is the institution of family which is the reflection of the human society as a whole. Thus, the major focus of this paper will be the significance of the institution of family for the existence of the human society in times of revolutionary changes. This paper will also aim at considering the reflections of the topic of family in the book by She Lao “Rickshaw” and in the movie by Regis Wargnier “Indochina”. We are going to consider the hardships through which their characters had to go and trace the changes, if any, that happened in their ideas about family and its importance for human beings. To begin with, the book by She Lao “Rickshaw” should be analyzed. As it is evident from the context, the setting of the revolutionary events that are to be analyzed in the present paper is Asia in which revolutions and stresses has always been connected with especially difficult situations in lives of ordinary people, and the current book reflects this statement with the perfect brilliance. On the whole, this book is the story of life of one of the rickshaws in the capital of China. The story which is told by the author takes place in the early 20 th century, to be more exact in the 1920s. This was the time of the collapse of the Chinese Empire which was substituted by the Communist Republic of China with the Communist Party ahead of it. Needless to say that this substitution could not be smooth and willful from the side of the monarchical powers which resulted in the bloody and difficult revolution. During this process, Chinese society was on the edge of its decline because the political struggle left no time and means for caring for citizens of the country (Lao, 1979). The politicians and statesmen were busy with the fighting for power and authority, while ordinary Chinese people were left on their own. They had to work for less than nothing having only one aim. This aim was to feed their families and children, and to achieve it, Chinese people had to agree for any kind of work, which was often dangerous for health or even life and was paid for rather poorly: “Very few of those under twenty – and some start work at eleven or twelve – become handsome rickshaw men when older. It is very difficult fo
Introduction The stories of “A White Heron” and “Washington Square” are the subject of this research paper. They are compared and contrasted according to the protagonists’ actions caused by their love and wealth. Their actions have been analyzed according to their social struggles. The author of “A White Heron” is Sarah Orne Jewett (September 3, 1849 – June 24, 1909), a local of South Berwick, Maine. The story was written during the late nineteenth century (Erskine, 2002, p. 12). Jewett had published various work types like children’s literature, long fiction, non-fiction, poetries and novels, but she is most popular for writing essays. Her work “A White Heron” is constantly was cited with the other popular short story writers of her time (Heller, 2001, p. 11). The author of “Washington Square” is Henry James (April 15, 1843 – February 28, 1916), born in Washington Square, New York. He studied at Harvard University for a year and went out of the university when he realized that his inclination was more in literature rather that in law. He writes literary genres like drama, travel essays, literary criticisms and history, and novels (Bloom, 2005, p. 4). Discussion Characters’ description It is important to establish the characters first before digging deeper into the extent of the actions of the two women whose lives were influenced by the objects of their affections. On the story “A White Heron”, Sylvia, who is nine years of age, is the main character. She is described as nature-loving, probably brought about by the fact that she was raised on the farm and lacking social life. It is mentioned in the story that when she was still younger, she had a bad experience with a “red-faced boy”, resulting to her hibernation from the city to the comfort of her grandmother’s home (Erskine, 2008, p. 12). She spends every day mingling with the animals, and lives her life far from the normal urbanized nine-year-old girl: going to school and developing several skills and capabilities that are usually achieved in school with teachers. It is said that when children of Sylvia’s age are encouraged and sent to school, they will be industrious and generate desirable outcomes, but when they’re not, they’d feel inferior and possibly, may not be able to manifest the action people expect them to do. This is also the time when their exploration of the opposite sex is not sustained because mainly their focus is on school activities (Chapman, 2006), which explains why Sylvia is feeling a little vague about her repressed admiration over the young hunter she had just met. She was busy playing with the animals and enjoying the beauty of nature. The other characters in the story are the young girl’s grandmother and the young hunter. On the story “Washington Square”, Catherine is the main character. She is briefly described as a dull and unattractive woman by many people, including her father. She is known by her father to be spending more time choosing the righ
Introduction In his essay “Exploiting Nazism in Abortion Debate,” Colleen Connell argues that the recent Supreme Court ruling that abortion and family planning should be left to be decisions of an individual and not the state is a good step towards respecting human rights by giving women the freedom to decide what is good for their bodies. There were criticisms especially from those who equated the Nazi government with the Supreme Courts’ decision. He argues that this criticism is an insult to the Americans who voted for and respected their constitution that values human rights. In addition, he claims that the perception of his critics is also an insult to the victims of the Nazi Holocaust. He attacks the comments in a famous magazine and claims that they distort the importance of history in transforming human beings and advancing democracy. In addition, Connell presents that the critics were not keen when equating historical and current events since the Nazi government denied women their reproductive freedoms and forced many of them to have babies or abort without their consent. In fact, those who were considered outlaws were not allowed to have babies and were taken forceful sterilized. This means that their regime did not give women the freedom to choose what is good for them. Therefore, he warns his critics against comparing the ruling to a historic event like the Nazi Holocaust since there are many differences between these two situations. He argues that Hitler believed that the laws that gave the state an enormous power over women and their health should be done away with since it violates their freedoms. In his argument, he presents that Hitler believed that the state should not interfere with the private life of an individual. He demands that his critics should explain who should be responsible for individuals’ rights regarding reproductive health. However, he tells them that the Supreme Court’s ruling states clearly that people should enjoy their rights regarding the freedom to use contraceptives and abort whenever they feel these will make their lives better. Lastly, he criticizes his critics by stating that they tried to resurrect historical injustices in an inappropriate manner for their own interests. He is confident that the constitution protects individuals’ rights against interference from the state or other people. Analyzing the Argument A good analysis of the above essay aims at establishing the relationship between the writer and the issue being debated. Connell is a legal expert, an activist for reproductive rights and active member of an organization that champions for the liberty and freedoms of individuals and unions. These positions dictate that he must take a bold step to serve his interests, and this becomes the basis of his argument. However, several issues are responsible for his outburst regarding those who criticized the Supreme Court’s decision to give people exclusive reproductive rights. Even though, the decision did not appeal to
With global warming taking root in the world, people are finally coming to the realization that environmental issues are of utmost importance and can no longer be ignored. This point is driven home even more so with the recent spate of hurricanes and other natural disasters that experts suspect could be linked to global warming. Global sustainability in relation to global warming is a term that has increasingly been in usage by people in various sectors of society and is seen as extremely crucial to saving the environment. With each passing day, some organization or the other or a public official mentions the importance of global sustainability and how everyone should work towards this goal. What, then, does this term “global sustainability” actually refer to? Despite its common usage, there are very few concise definitions of global sustainability. However, best described, global sustainability refers to a situation in which human beings are able to survive without jeopardizing the continued survival of future generations of human beings in a healthy environment (Brown, 1987). It refers to development that meets the needs of the present without having to compromise the ability of future generations to meet their needs and encompasses the financial, social, and environmental aspects of society. Sustainability is very important but only when it does not compromise with our economy, lifestyle, culture, and so on. Socially, global sustainability should be seen as being culturally acceptable, psychologically nurturing, and socially desirable. Financially, it should be economically, technologically, and operationally viable. Environmentally, it should be generationally sensitive and generally contribute to a robust environment (The Dictionary of Sustainability Management, 2008). There are several barriers to global susta
Alternative Drug Therapies Insulin injections are a conventional drug option for people suffering from type 1 diabetes, usually serving as the basis for treatment. However, recent studies note that insulin therapy is associated with extreme weight gain as well as hypoglycemia (Lingow et al., 2019). An alternative to insulin is pramlintide, which has received approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. According to Lingow et al. (2019), this therapy “delays gastric emptying, blunts pancreatic secretion of glucagon, and enhances satiety” (p. 164). Other options include metformin, thiazolidinediones, sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) inhibitors, as well as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (Lingow et al., 2019). It is important to note that these insulin alternatives have not yet been approved by the FDA. Patient Education Strategies In regards to patient education strategies, the goal of physicians is to ensure individuals suffering from the disease attain the necessary knowledge and attitudes to help them manage diabetes themselves, at least partially. Firstly, medics have to adopt a patient-centered model of educational interventions and communication. Then, they have to assess the existing levels of literacy and numeracy a patient has (American Diabetes Association, 2016). Apart from that, educational programs have to be designed considering specific problems a patient might face and cultural nuances they might be particularly vulnerable to. Tailoring educational initiatives to a person’s unique ethnic and cultural background is the basis of cultural competence in patient education. Both individualized and group education must be continuous and supported throughout a lifetime (Smith & Harris, 2018). These strategies ensure that patients receive a solution adapted specifically for them to confirm that they understand what factors might affect their health condition and lead to chronic complications.
Education and change go hand in hand. This can be confirmed by evidence from various chapters in the book regarding the issue of decision-making. First, it may be pertinent to note that in life, change is inevitable but the crucial thing is to be able to adapt to changes that occur in our daily environment. Change develops us as it challenges the status quo, hones our survival skills and keeps us in tune with the environment around us. Most of the changes that occur in a person’s life take place due to the circumstances that they survive under. Accordingly, education plays a very important role in the development of a society right from the individual level all the way to the national level. Education helps develop a person’s critical thinking, expand their mental horizons and increase their capacity to innovate and think creatively. Education helps develop a person’s ambition, and in the process follow their dreams and helps chart a person’s destiny towards self-actualization. Douglass decides that he needs to learn how to read and write, when he hears Mr. Auld telling his wife that reading will help the slaves realize that they can do better in life. He believes that they will be more aware of their rights. He realizes the importance of education and decides that he has to learn how to read and write at all costs. He realized that reading was a skill that would end up helping him. After he gains understanding of the word abolition, Douglass is all set to get out and go to the north where free men live. Although it is necessary for him to use force, such as the instance that he fights with Mr. Covey, he ultimately used his educated mind to attain his goals. He states that the fight uplifted his spirits and rekindled a fire that had been put out a long time ago (Douglass 86). It was necessary for Frederick Douglass to create a new relationship to the economy after his realization that he could do better for himself. He had ambitions that were deep seated in him right from the beginning, since he always dreamt of escaping to the north where he would be a free man. The desire to escape was fired up in Douglass at the tender age of 11 after his master passed on and he realized that he was classified among the livestock on the farm. Most of the reactions that are elucidated upon emanate from the authors realization and education. At one point in time, he started teaching other slaves how to read and write. The situation works out for Frederick Douglass when he finally escapes to the north and reunites with his fiancée then starts working as his own master. His ultimate moment comes when he attends an antislavery convention and starts crusading against the vice from that point onwards. In a synopsis, Douglass shows that education is crucial to change and there is no way that one can go without the other. For a person to be able to embrace change, he or she will first have to learn about the advantages that it will bring along. Change is inevitable and along with it comes education. All decisions that are made ought to be based on the circumstances together with the knowledge that a person has in the fi
Abstract This paper will focus on the influence of trade unions in organizations, this paper defines a trade union as an organization formed and run by employees in all categories including professionals and non-professionals who join to mainly gain bargaining power over the issues that affect them as employees. This paper will be in a position to indicate things that trade unions fight for employees which include, suitable salaries, better working conditions free from health hazardous. Availability of favorable policies that do not infringe on employees’ human rights, providence of good social amenities include infrastructure, among many other not just benefits but human needs that will enable workers to work better and be productive. The paper will also give examples of trade union functionalities that can influence either positively or negatively any organizations’ participation initiatives. The paper will also look into the type of system of employment present. Introduction The main reason for forming a trade union is for employee’s protection from oppression from mainly the employers some of the benefits that employees’ gains from trade union membership include collective bargaining over wages, working conditions including whether the working environment is conducive especially in matters to do with health this include working conditions and tools. The trade unions also fight for considerable working hours; this protects employees from over work exploitation by the employers. They also protect workers from oppressive social policies and legislations that would infringe on workers’ rights. Other benefits include work rules, management hierarchy, hiring, firing and promotions matters etc. However not all trade unions have such rights, most of the times there is always a struggle between trade unions and employers includi
George Orwell’s works are a vivid example of acute social dystopia and pressing problems associated with interaction among people. Many of his major works became great literary masterpieces, but in addition to novels, the author also wrote small essays, where he also raised topical issues. As an object of analysis, his work “A Hanging” in the genre of a first-person narrative short story will be considered. When an employee of the British Imperial Police in the 1920s, Orwell witnessed many controversial and even frightening events and incidents, and one of them formed the basis of this essay. Undisguised tension and hyperrealism are the characteristic features of “A Hanging,” and the author’s inner experiences, along with his emotional assessment of what happens, allow conveying a wide range of feelings that affect the reader. Features of Writing One of the remarkable features of this work is the style of presentation. Orwell (2000) resorts to a first-person narrative technique, which allows readers to immerse themselves in the story as deeply as possible and evaluate it through the eyes of the author himself. Many sentences are short and non-exhaustive to create additional intrigue and increase tension. Orwell (2000) resorts to various literary techniques, in particular, comparisons and subtexts, to emphasize some ideas. For instance, the author constantly compares the weather of that day with various everyday aspects in order to describe the situation in detail (Orwell, 2000). The dog that appears on the path of the procession ​​may be the personification of a thirst for life, which the prisoner does not show but keeps in himself (Orwell, 2000). All these techniques help to better reflect the tension of the situation and convey the observer’s emotions. The emphasis on details is an additional tool that allows focusing readers’ attention on specific nuances of the narrative. The position of the prisoner’s hands, the location of the guards, the executioner’s appearance, and other unique elements of the story that Orwell (2000) presents help create an atmosphere of immersion. As a result, despite a small volume of this essay, the narrative is detailed and covers a short time period with the greatest possible accuracy. Orwell’s Attitude When evaluating the author’s attitude to the story, readers may notice how ambiguous the narrator’s feelings are. He does not hide anxiety, and when the prisoner who is constantly repeating the name of his God is brought to the gallows, a climax sets in, and the emotions of Orwell (2000) are sharpened. It is felt in the narrative that he takes part in this entire procedure reluctantly and has no choice but to accompany the prisoner to the place of his execution. The remarks regarding convict’s stepping over a puddle in the yard prove that Orwell (2000) is concerned about the injustice of the world and the laws that take away a physically healthy person’s life. As a result, before the execution, mixed feelings of anxiety and hopelessness are traced in the author’s narrative. After the execution, a radical
Introduction Many people still think that Facebook as well as other social networks is something highly negative. These people mention security hazards, creating a digital world and escaping from reality. However, now it is clear that Facebook is a positive phenomenon that helps many people in their (professional, academic and private) lives. It is possible to focus on three major criteria: aesthetical, practical and ethical. Notably, Facebook helps people to share their ideas, images and pictures, and this helps them express themselves aesthetically; this social network also has a practical implication as Facebook users may communicate, share news and find old as well as new friends; finally, Facebook helps people consider a variety of ethical issues and develop specific ethical patterns shared by the entire society. Aesthetical Criteria First, it is possible to evaluate Facebook in terms of aesthetic criteria. Facebook users tend to share lots of pictures and photos and this can be regarded as a certain kind of self-expression (Zywica & Danowski 6). Notably, all people try to satisfy their aesthetic needs without even knowing it. Of course, the most important reason for changing profile photos or uploading pictures and images is to become or, at least, seem popular so Facebook users upload “the attractive self-presentation style” (Zywica & Danowski 20). However, in this way people also express their aesthetical views. Thus, they upload images and photos which are the most attractive, in their opinion. It is possible to state that Facebook encourages its users to create and to develop their aesthetical taste. While trying to become more popular, Facebook users explore new ways to express themselves. They are not afraid of experimenting. They are also exposed to a variety of other pictures and images that can help these people develop certain aesthetical tastes. Therefore, this social network helps many people express themselves in terms of their aesthetical taste, which is very important for a human. Practical Criteria Furthermore, Facebook has a number of practical implications. In the first place, it is a very effective way to search for friends one has lost somehow (former neighbors, classmates, fellow students, colleagues or even relatives). It is also quite an effective tool to make new friends online. Some try to achieve certain popularity with the help of this social network. Notably, they are quite successful (Zywica & Danowski 6). Apart from this, Facebook has also become a certain tool to generate public opinion. This social network expands “the potentials of individual opinion into public opinion, the achievability of participation and the development of a transnational, deter