ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Many companies are putting more emphasis to product and service quality and customer satisfaction for various reasons, ranging from increased competition to deregulation (Ostrom and Grayson, 1995). The new millennium dictates that corporations and organizations will be involved much more in searching new tools, techniques and strategic paradigms in order to meet and, where possible, exceed the ever-increasing customer expectations (Motwani and Sower, 2006). The modern customers are not just satisfied with the low-cost products and services being offered in the market but also they are demanding high quality products and services, high variety products and also fast delivery of the products, all at the lowest possible cost (Motwani and Sower, 2006). In essence, these requirements will conflict since each one shows the potential to drain resources at the expense of the other. As a result, there has been a dire need to develop optimizing tools that can be used in providing guidance as far as planning and budgeting process in an organization is concerned with aim to satisfy the numerous and varying needs of the customers (Motwani and Sower, 2006). Quality is a concept gaining a lot of attention in many organizations, for instance, Lacobucci, Ostrom and Grayson (1995) note that customer needs and expectations drive the improvement of new modified products and services to the market. In addition, emphasis on customer has become so critical to concept of quality management due to the fact that the customer remains at central position in shaping the level of quality to be delivered (Jablonski, 1992). When the improvements undertaken fail to identify customer satisfaction and needs, they largely fail to qualify the test of quality, and such quality can be seen as to start and finish the role of ensuring customer’s needs are satisfied. Purpose of this study Quality is a concept that modern companies and organization cannot assume or bypass. New millennium market battle grounds are being fought using quality to leverage the market competitive advantage. Companies with better quality products and services are more confident navigating the murky waters of market competition. Therefore, as a way of improving and enhancing the concept of quality it is necessary to identify, analyze and evaluate some of the quality management techniques being used by many companies today. As it is well known, there exists many quality measure techniques but it is the uniqueness of benchmarking and voice of market and customer that is drawing much attention of modern managers and other professionals. Hence, the aim of this paper will be to identify, analyze, and evaluate how quality can be achieved through these key quality techniques: benchmarking and understanding of the voice of market and the voice of customers. Background Sukhija (2009) writes that it is a complex process to get customers to define what they want so that companies can effectively adhe
Background of the Topic The question about the globalization of Taobao arises from the fact that several internet companies are investing in China. This situation poses competition to Taobao, which it did not face in the past. This aspect can be reinforced by the explanation of Ashling J. (2005) in the journal article ‘Internet companies invest in china’ as the growth of usage of the internet and e-commerce has been on the decline in the US, and it is booming in China with 100 million users of the internet. This has caught the attention of major internet and e-commerce companies, and they started entering China. In this regard, it is important to quote the commitment of Yahoo with Alibaba.com regarding business on the internet (Ashling J; 2005). As Yahoo purchased shares in Alibaba.com and the competitors like eBay also have forayed into the Chinese market, the share of business of Taobao may be lost to the competitors. Hence, the necessity of globalizing the operations of Taobao comes to the fore and can be a good research topic. Introduction Taobao is an e-commerce company that is part of the Alibaba group and is the largest consumer-to-consumer segment company in China. As it has not only withstood the competition from eBay and Amazon but also marginalized the former in China and transformed into a leader in the consumer-to-consumer segment of the online business. Recently, it entered into business-to-consumer segment also. Being the largest e-commerce company in the largest populated country and its entry into the business-to-consumer segment poses both possibilities and necessity to it to globalize its operations to be cost-effective and also to increase its revenues further. The paper in its literature review discusses the possibilities of globalization of the company, and in the analysis, the section explains the necessity to globalize itself and the ways and means of doing business in the context of globalization of its operations. Literature Review While considering the globalization prospects and possibilities of an Asian e-commerce company, it is important to review the penetration of online markets through Asian corporations. According to Michael DC & Sutherland G (2002, 1) in 2000, ‘most businesses felt enormous market pressures to announce an e-commerce strategy’ (Michael DC & Sutherland G; 2002, 1). However, from 2002 onwards, the best approaches regarding e-commerce emerged alongside the IT infrastructure that enabled the firms to introduce online shops for web shoppers. The growth of ‘B2C online revenue in the Asia Pacific by 138 percent in 2000’ (Michael DC & Sutherland G; 2002, 21) prompted financial brokerage firms and that further resulted in a boom in e-commerce markets leading to the emergence of companies like Taobao. The annual growth rate of online markets in China is 40 to 50 percent, and that is due to the increase of internet use
Introduction Even though it might not be explicitly expressed, sexuality is very important to every person. Whether a person is old or young, man or woman or from any background, sexuality affects every aspects of their lives. The field of sexuality has always attracted many scholars who try to explain issues that surround human sexuality; however, this topic is not openly discussed leading many people to be ignorant of sexuality issues. It is commonly agreed that sexual drive is one on of the major drives that influence our decisions. In fact, sexual drives come next to basic drives such as eating and sleep. Due to this, knowledge on human sexuality is very important. It allows one to understand experiences and objective decisions on sexual life. To me, the course on human sexuality was eye-opening; allowing me to understand some of the things that I assumed to be obvious. Personal reflection Before this course, issues on sexuality did seem important. I took the issues as only worth of being experienced but not to be discussed. I took sexual identity and feeling as given but not based on rational decision s. My sexual decisions were not well evaluated; I relied on impulsive emotions to make such decisions. I did not have a plane of reference to gauge my sexual decisions. Today, as I reflect on my earlier experience I see the course as liberating for giving me knowledge to base my sexual decisions on. Gender and sexuality seemed synonymous and seemed to have just been acquired and which a person had no influence. Today I can reflect on influence of these forces to my identity and all other aspects of my life. Love and attraction were just clichés whose meaning seemed to be obvious. Issues relationship and romance seemed to be obvious and negative experiences from relationships seemed to be just an element of bad lack (Nevid, J.S. et al., 2005, 67). Today, due to the principle acquired in the course, I have understanding of these issues and also on their influence on my relationship. Today I understand how love intimacy start, develop and how they can be maintained. Today the forces of sexuality do not just influence me without knowledge but I understand every element of sexual experience and mould them to the right direction. Critical thinking and Value systems in Sexual Decisions I have always appreciated the use of value system making ethical decisions. However, I could not have imagined how critical thinking could be applied in making sexual decisions. I considered decisions made on sexuality to be based on emotions and feelings that could not be based to reason. I also saw value systems and sexuality to be incompatible and in competition. The course has brought light to this issue. I have come to realize that value systems and critical thinking are compatible with sexual decisions and in fact, should always be used in such decisions. Indeed, sex is a need; however expressing one’s sexuality is based on personal choice (Diamond, J., 1997, p87). The decisions are not just based by the biological nature of human but rational decisions should be used. Before, I did not apply a lot of thoughts to
Using the modern methods of diagnosing various physical and mental disorders is the indicator of the healthcare system’s skilled and responsible work. However, today, when a person processes large amounts of information daily and faces many social difficulties, depression is a common problem. The urgency of this issue among adolescents causes particular concern since the weak psyche of teenagers can induce them to rash actions and lead to sad consequences. Depression screening for adolescents in primary care is an essential practice because correct and timely diagnosing can reduce the likelihood of developing other, more serious disorders. Different methodologies and techniques may be brought in, including both strengthening and intellectual base on this topic and stimulating the use of health insurances for covering the diagnostic process. Modern screening methods can be more substantially developed if adolescents are actively involved in interaction with psychologists and relevant tests are developed. Evidence of the Problem Helping adolescents suffering from depression and experiencing severe nervous worries has been and remains relevant social and medical tasks. According to Fallucco, Seago, Cuffe, Kraemer, and Wysocki (2015), “only 50% of cases are identified, and of the 2 million US adolescents diagnosed annually with depression, only a minority (38%) receive treatment” (p. 326). These statistics prove that insufficiently effective work on screening and assistance to teenagers is carried out, which affects the population health indicators negatively. Medical assistance to adolescents with psychological disorders that cause depression is not performed timely, and this deficiency is emphasized in academic literature. Fallucco et al. (2015) argue that in order to achieve a high level of assistance, it is necessary to conduct educational interventions regularly, which is quite difficult to accomplish in the conditions of specialists’ permanent workload. Moreover, the authors question the effectiveness of some specialized therapies in primary care, which, in their opinion, are of a preventive nature and do not have the desired effect on the psyche of adolescents (Fallucco et al., 2015). As a result, there are no significant changes for the better, and the problem persists. Similar ideas are traced in the scholarly works of other authors. Sekhar, Ba, Liu, and Kraschnewski (2019) remark that, in terms of primary care, adolescents from rural areas experience the greatest deficit of attention from medical specialists. It is due to the growing number of clinics in cities, a constant increase in jobs in large health facilities, and, as a result, the leakage of personnel. Statistical indicators are disappointing: Sekhar et al. (2019) note that the rate of adolescent depression “screening in 1.4% of primary care visits” is the poor outcome of the policy supporting young people (p. 206). Accordingly, in the exhaustive majority of cases, disorders remain undiagnos
Introduction The concept of God has eluded, fascinated and enthralled humanity since time immemorial yet despite the amount of attention, speculation and religious doctrine used to conceptualize the concept of an all powerful being there has been no definitive proof that actually shows that God is real. Based on this one must wonder whether it is rational to believe and place absolute faith in an entity that for all intents and purposes has not been proven beyond the shadow of a doubt to actually exist. Many people rationalize the existence of God by stating that nearly every single culture both in existence has believed, in one form or another, of the presence of an ultimate being or beings who have created the world as we know of it and preside over the faith of humanity. Various creation myths focusing on the origin of the world have also used divine entities as the creators of the world itself. Not only that ancient myths connected to the Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, and Vikings all state the existence of Gods that control the very essence of life and death itself creating humanity in the process. Historical scripture in the form of the Koran, Torah and Bible, all of which are thousands of years old, all point to the existence of an all powerful entity that created the world, performed miracles beyond imagination and is the source of salvation for humanity (Haldane 381). Yet despite all this evidence to prove otherwise many groups still believe that the existence of God is doubtful. Various psychological studies attempting to explain the reasoning behind the belief in God state that it is very likely that humanity itself created the concept of God/divine entities in order to create explanations for natural phenomena. In Greek mythology thunder and lightning were connected to the anger of Zeus who was hurling lightning bolts at the ground, tidal waves and tsunamis were connected to the wrath of Poseidon while earthquakes and volcanic eruptions were associated with the Titans being sealed deep underground by the Gods who were trying to escape their prison (Usher 292). In fact human history is littered with natural occurrences being explained away as being the result of divine intervention rather than a simple scientific cause. Religious belief, it is argued, is nothing more than an evolution of the notions humanity had in the past which evolved into the present day belief system. Is it any wonder th
The Gospel of John exhibits a subtle difference from the other gospels books, called the synoptic gospels. The difference is in the fact that most events narrated there can be interpreted, to a higher degree, in both a literal and a figurative way. The synoptic gospels leave little margin for a figurative interpretation. But in the book of John, the author of the book seems to have attached a double meaning to most events narrated there. The ministry of Jesus is presented in such a way as to look like a painting, subject to the reader’s interpretation (Robert, 2004). And when Jesus one day offered to wash the disciples’ feet, the disciples themselves were at a loss for an appropriate interpretation. One of the disciples, Simon Peter, initially actually refused to have his feet washed. He agreed only when Jesus told him that his refusal would make Jesus reject him as a disciple. Jesus then explained the significance of this unexpected deed. According to Jesus, a master would always remain the master over his servants. This notwithstanding, all people should wash each other’s feet, in accordance with the example that Jesus had just set (GNB). The practice, amongst other things, would help maintain humility amongst people, and the perception of servitude that so eluded people of high ranks. As long as the masters understood that their status would not diminish with such shows of humility, the exerc
Introduction Freedom of speech is a human right that is very essential and entails the expression of ideas and opinions freely hence promoting peace and order in a country or even an institution as people feel represented and honored. It is through the expression of opinions that invention and innovation is nurtured and hence there is growth and development. Freedom of speech enhances free flow of information and ideas hence promoting democracy, creativity and growth. Political reform on the other hand is a social and political movement that makes gradual changes in the society or country and therefore freedom of speech is necessary in the process of political reform. Freedom of speech is an essential basic human right and each and every individual is entitled to have it. It should however not be misused under any circumstance but used constructively to promote growth rather than rebellion. The introduction of political reform in China ought to be gradual just as the economic reforms so that it can be easily absorbed without interfering with the functioning and continuity of the state (Cuizon 1). Background Information China worked on the principles of a political thinker, Confucius, until the start of the twentieth century. He emphasized on the importance of ethics and morals in all undertakings rather than the use of force and violence to make things done. The importance of human rights like the freedom of speech was however not taken into consideration. Towards the end of the twentieth century, China became business oriented and there were lots of economic and political reforms under the rule of Deng. He believed that for a nation to progress and develop there had to be enlightened people and so he allowed for more open debate and discussions that would enhance exchange of ideas and opinions that lead to development. There was great freedom of speech, press and movement but this idea was not received well and some people thought that too much freedom was not necessary and that they should have gone back to the earlier days. This was because although the reforms had led to growth and development, it also brought about inflation leading to peaceful and even violent demonstrations as citizens demanded more democracy (Rana 2). Although the constitution of China has the provision of the freedom of speech, association, press and even demonstration, the freedom is not there in reality since the constitution forbids the undertaking of anything that is contrary to the interests of the states. The rights are not implemented unless a supplementary law is passed by the national legislature. There are therefore restrictions to human rights and people who are seen to express and advocate for freedom are punished and prosecuted for the offense of inciting others or trying to undermine the state’s powers. Some face penalties like losing their jobs, detention and rebuke. Freedom of speech and press are vital concepts in attainment of political reform in China. This is becau
The product in question accounts for fully 52% of Greta and Grace revenue. The company cannot therefore afford for this to be blown out of proportion and trigger either consumer protests or merchants withdrawing Organic Age Defiance from their shelves. The first imperative is to take quick action lest this escalate into a Tylenol-type disaster. All calls from the press and Web commentators should be accepted with utmost grace and courtesy and subsequently turned over to the PR Department so that we speak with one confident voice. All senior executives who have speaking engagements for the next month or so should seize the opportunity to make the same four points as in our attached press statement without sounding defensive or apologetic (Seitel 85-87; Van Hook 1). Our attitude should be based on the truth: Organic Age Defiance is the largest-selling facial and night cream brand in America because the formulation is the most effective on the market. That it is also the most expensive simply means G & G delivers unsurpassed value. In order to sidestep any possibility of regulatory oversight and a consumer backlash, we have to explain the incident with nothing but the unvarnished truth: the quality and therapeutic value of Organic Age Defiance is indisputably the same. The precipitating factors were beyond our control. This was literally a handful of women who ignored the warning not to go out into the sun too soon after application. But the slipshod quality control at our Chinese supplier is unforgivable. We will announce in the strongest terms that we will cancel the contract and revert to trusted American suppliers forthwith. At the same time, we take responsibility for the allergic reactions and reap good will by the entire batch with 100% American organic-source product and pay for dermatological treatment for all five women and any who come forward. This is the payback for the decades-long faith American women have put in us. Press Statement about Greta & Grace Organic Age Defiance Cream Greta & Grace Rush to the Relief of Allergy Sufferers Industry leader pulls out all stops to ensure safety of Organic Age Defiance Cream ™ buyers. For Immediate Release Milpitas, CA (December 1, 2009) Greta & Grace, the largest and most trusted producer of 100% organic facial and body cosmetics in America, revealed today that five women, all from the New York/New Jersey area, had come forward to complain about facial rash, pruritus, and skin discoloration following application of its famous Organic Age Defiance Cream™. Paramedics from the G & G “Special Watch, Advanced Therapy (S.W.A.T.) teams paid each of t
It is believed that those who hold powers in Britain are representatives that we elect to the parliament and who are responsible for making decisions on behalf of the state. We are convinced that politics and the daily running of the State are done by parliament in conjunction with the Office of Prime Minister and the cabinet. This is better said than done, the fact is that there is another group involved in the daily running of the country. This is evidenced by the fact that all running of the country does not stop even when parliament closes down in preparation for elections. Indirectly, the government is run by those who are economically endowed and whose economic decisions affect society as a whole. There are however people in the government who are very rich but do not form the majority who have an effect on the country as a whole. For example, there are those people who own massive corporations, and a decision to shut down one of them may leave thousands of people jobles