ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Mordercai Richler, Irving Layton and Leonard Cohen are Jewish Canadian writers. These three writers have tremendously impacted the Canadian literature and their writings prove that a person’s culture is capable of influencing his/her writing. Some of the most intelligent literary names in Canada are of Jewish faith. It is important to note that while Judaism influenced the works of Richler, Layton and Cohen, none of the three writers can be described as an observant Jew. (Jones, 326) Living life in a certain way and having a set of ideas that are opposed to those generally accepted by the society is termed or described as counterculture. The trio of Mordecai Richler, Irving Layton and Leonard Cohen share such a way of life and such ideas. These three authors were counterculture to their Jewish origin. (Wayne, 421) This narrative essay will attempt to connect the lives and writings of Mordecai Richler, Irving Layton and Leonard Cohen. These three writers are from Montreal Canada, they are all Jewish, they have all lived abroad and they share a similar way of life and ideas that differ from those accepted by the Jewish Canadian society. This essay will examine their separate lives and writings before attempting to connect it. Mordecai Richler Mordecai Richler was born January 27 th , 1931. He was a screenwriter, poet, essayist and an author. Richler had always maintained that he desired to be a sincere witness to his immediate environment. It was also his dream to write at least a single book that he will be remembered for after his death. He was often described as a pillar in Canada’s literary history and as one of the greatest Canadians. His contribution to the Canadian literary history can never be forgotten. While he was alive, some critics tried to distinguish Richler the polemicist from Richler the author. (Charles, 338) “The apprenticeship of duddy Kravitz”, “Barney’s Version” and “Jacob two-two” are considered as some of Richler’s best works. “Solomon Gursky was here” is a novel which was written by Richler in 1989 and in 1990, the novel was shortlisted for the prestigious the Booker Prize. Apart from been one of the most intelligent and reputable Jewish Canadian writer, Richler also had a reputation for always stirring controversy. Some of Richler’s admirers and followers hailed him for his boldness of saying the truth. He was also described as the last honest man by some of his admirers. However, his critics thought differently. Richler was seen by his critics as a person who was only good at doing things that were quite difficult like; sketching interesting and unusual scenes. They believed he lacked the ability of creating logical and well organized narratives. He frequently had conflicts with the Quebec nationalists. (Mordecai, 866) In the 1970s and 1990s, Richler’s articles in American publications increased the tension that already existed in the volatile situation between him and Quebec nationalists. His articles condemned Quebe
Introduction People have had immense fantasies with technology. The sole purpose of making this passionate fantasy is to facilitate the creation of an ideal society that revolves around the notions of social harmony, political stability, equality, and economic prosperity. This is the concept advanced by utopian literature. On the other hand, dystopian literature claims that technology has advanced beyond human capacity. Hence, rather than serving to the advantage of the society, it serves to disadvantage it. In this context, dystopia is the “idea that a society is repressive and controlled state, often under the guise of being utopian” (Gottlieb 16). Popular examples of dystopian texts include Nineteen Eighty Four, Fahrenheit 451, and The Handmaids (Clute and Nicholls 361) amongst others. Dystopia literature presents a culture that bears a variety of tyrannical systems of communal control coupled with myriads of both submissive and vigorous forms of cruelty. According to Gottlieb, “ideas and works about dystopian societies often explore the concept of human’s abusing technology and human’s individually and collectively coping or being unable to properly cope with technology that has progressed far more rapidly than humanity’s spiritual evolution” (7). Ideally, subversive communities are like law enforcement nations that have an unrestricted strength of domination over the people. Key traits of dystopian literature entangle a unique setting in which events are projected in the future through virtual time and space characterized by technological innovations that are not accessible in the present reality. Following this character, dystopia fiction is a science fiction under the umbrella of speculati
Introduction In this paper, Bar-Joseph and McDermott 1 present their arguments on strategies that can be taken to improve intelligence analysis. Their main argument on improving intelligence is that rather than undertaking radical changes in the intelligence process or bureaucracy, a novel approach should be adopted for the selection and promotion of intelligence analysts. Such a move would improve the accuracy of the intelligence analysis process. The changes proposed include an emphasis on candidates’ level of openness and tolerance for ambiguity so that they can overcome unconscious biases that obstruct optimal or atypical information processing. Authors’ viewpoint I agree with the authors’ viewpoint that to improve intelligence gathering and analysis, what we require is a change of the analyst rather than a change of the analysis method. My conviction with the argument arises from the fact that intelligence analysis basically goes through various steps that begin with gathering information about situations or events, characterizing them with respect to the situation or event, and, using probability theory, determining future actions based on similar information. None of these steps can be omitted from the process, neither can we alter their order. Consequently, to improve the process of intelligence analysis, analysts must possess certain skills that will enable them to handle each step precisely because the success of each step builds onto that of the previous one. Hence, a mistake occurring in any step ultimately affects the whole process and leads to erroneous or biased conclusions. Qualities of Analysts The skills that a good analyst should possess, according to Bar-Joseph and McDermott, include openness and tolerance for ambiguity as opposed to high intelligence, strong verbal and writing abilities, and good managerial skills. These skills are very important and perhaps if intelligence organizations such as the State Department, the Army, the Navy, and the FBI could have adopted them earlier, we could have avoided some mistakes that have occurred to poor intelligence analysis techniques. As an example, before the US invasion of Iraq in 2003, a report on Iraq’s WMD program had been partly based on the country’s purchase of aluminum tubes that analysts believed were to be used for making uranium separation centrifuges. These tubes could have also been used to make rocket casings. It arose later that they were used to make rocket casings, hence, the question that needs to be answered is, “did the original analysts contact a technical specialist in separation centrifuges, perhaps at Department of Energy intelligence?” Perhaps more information could have been availed to help in deducing whether the argument was feasible. Openness to a differing explanation for the aluminum tubes could have helped avoid the war, or improve the analysts’ evaluation of the whole situation and come up with
Introduction Since the 1960s, personnel selection process has become a center of focus by organizations across the world; the main objective of the process is to get the best human capital from the labor market (Henderson, 2003). Organizations need human resources with vast experience qualifications, talent, and personalities; to develop an orchestrate team, human resources management team need to develop an effective personnel selection procedure. The strategy adopted should guarantee organization good results qualitatively and quantitatively. Personnel selection is a strategic tool used by personnel managers to search for quality employees who can assist an organization attain its corporate goals, fulfill its mission, vision, and corporate objectives. Personnel selection process is part of the larger human resources practice, it follows some steps for its effectiveness (Kleiman, 2000).This paper discusses the process of personnel selection using 3Ws and H (why, what, when, and how) strategy of human resources management. Why select At an ideal situation, organizations should have the right number of human resources, with wide experience in the area they are engaged in alongside having good interpersonal skills. Personnel selection is inclined to asking who should be given the available job opportunity given the available number of applicants, qualified and sometimes-experienced people. in modern days, where people have been educated in different areas, it is easy to find a job
Introduction At the beginning of the course ESL 273, I was nervous because I did a clear hazy idea of how the course was going to be like. I did not know how the teacher would be like and how it would progress. Owing to my limited vocabulary in English I had some difficult time at the beginning of the course but the teacher was very keen on communicating the objective of each lesson to ensure that everyone understood the concepts being taught. I can now use simple vocabulary and sentence structures. Having put in much effort in writing, I believe I have greatly improved my writing skills by attending the ESL 273 classes. The course is designed to help improve the writing skill of students including spellings and grammar, simple sentence construction, and organization of paragraphs. Improved Writing Skills These classes helped me to understand different structures of writing, say an essay, a letter, a short story, or a simple report. I gained more understanding not only from the teacher but from reading and studying with fellow students as well. To start with, I now understand that there needs to be prepared before one can start writing. These are referred to as prewriting tasks. Like any other type of work, these are important first steps (Ferris and Hedgecock 62). The tasks include obtaining clear instruction from the instructor, clarification of the question, and seeking to understand the organization of the type of writing in question. The second reason why I believe I am ready to ready to begin the EWRT1A class is that I understand the different structures of writing and that each is unique to the type of writing. For instance, writing an argumentative essay is different from writing narration. Argumentative essays give two views of a certain subject while narration gives a systematic flow of events. However, the basic structure of any writing is that it has to have an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. The introduction contains basic information about the subject, the thesis, and objectives. The body discusses the main ideas, theories, and concepts while the conclusion mostly contains a summary of the essay and emphasizes the hypothesis objectives of the essay making closing remarks. The third reason concerns the need for proper use of grammar, spelling, and vocabulary when writing. English as a Second Language (ESL) draws people from different backgrounds and as a result, the use of new words and composition of language is often influenced by the different cultural backgrounds (Ferris & Hedgecock 63). This was one of the challenging issues in that course. The first milestone I had was to understand the message being communicated and consequently communicate back coherently and meaningfully. This entailed use of proper grammar, the right spellings, correct punctuating, and the right choice of vocabulary. The challenge for me was that I could often co
The General Motors Corporation (GM) prides itself on its reputation in being an international company with many branches spread all over the world. However, the admission of this fact has put the company in a challenging situation with regard to ethical and compliance codes of conduct. The diversity of its workforce subject to the country’s rights and ethics puts the company under a higher task on ethical codes. With this regard, this paper makes an extensive literal review of the company’s privacy ethical criteria to sexuality, while deeply considering utilitarian and deontological theories. Sexuality is a key element in any organization. Today sexuality accounts for failure and success in both international and local companies. General Motors Corporation has made its effort to business ethics and compliance to sexuality. Although according to the utilitarian approach, less emphasis is given to it since it may mean little to any good or bad. On the other hand, the satisfaction in working together, with a different gender is immense and of immense worth to building a dynamic team. Notwithstanding, the company has adopted a policy that gives equal opportunities to both males and females and allowed one to data (although not included) a colleague. However, it is less likely that the employees dating may be allowed to work in the same company, not to mention of the same department. This is all for the benefit of the company. According to deontological theory, it is ethical to date anybody regardless of the company one is working. On a closer look at the ethical perspective, with regard to privacy ethics at work, it falls that this is, natural moral, law that one may be reluctant to resist. However, the same theory advances that it is intuition from common sense and one ought to show responsibility towards sexuality. Again, the privacy or rather a freedom is given to each one of him or she should be enough to let satisfied working in the area. As such, General Motors has made an extensive effort in ensuring compliance with the company codes of conduct that may justify punishing or avoiding some employees as far as such motives are meant to produce a maximization of consequences or results in the production. Furthermore, the company has made decentralized compliance on ethical codes of conduct that have a multicultural aspect. Sexuality and sexual harassment at workplaces have been significant at General Motors Corporation, as it does not just touch on the privacy of the sexuality but the integrity. The numerous numbers of cultures that constitute the company employees have an ethical aspect on the cultural norm, which puts the company at task to observe sexuality with considerable concern on ethics. Sexual harassment is considered as a violation of the law, in the same line, General Motors gives zero tolerance on the same regardless of the c
Description of the Problem NiceBox is a company that delivers bi-monthly subscription boxes filled with an assortment of sweets, cookies, and other delicious items to its subscribers in Canada and the US. As of late, customers have been complaining about the randomized choices for the boxes delivered to them and expressed a desire to be able to choose which products they want to be delivered to them. They are not satisfied with some of the products provided to them, and reviews clearly state that particular brands of sweets and cookies have a clear advantage over others. As it stands, the company’s website does not provide options to choose which products should or should not be included in the randomization process. End Goals The purpose of the proposed changes is to cater to customer’s needs and demands and provide them with the tools and options they require. Doing so would help retain a loyal customer base and potentially attract new customers in the future. Failure to comply will result in a loss of market share to our competitors. Proposed Solution They are changing the website in order to allow customers to choose which products they want. Enabling the function of banning certain products from being added to the subscription box. They are optimizing production and packaging processes to accommodate these new services. Improve the overall quality of products delivered to customers. Time Feasibility Alterations to the website of the company and its optimization for apple and android platforms should take less than a month. Alterations to the procurement, production, and packaging processes should take another month, at best. Estimated minimal optimization time: 1 month. Estimated maximum optimization time: 2 months. Economic Feasibility According to Main Street ROI, the average cost of optimizing a website by adding new functions and enabling mobile browsing costs is between 1500-2500 dollars, depending on the scope of the site and the number of technicalities involved (Main Street ROI). Optimizing procurement, production, and packaging processes do not require additional funding, as the proposed changes do not require additional workforce or equipment. Technical Feasibility The proposed changes are technically feasible. As it was stated before, the processes involved do not require additional equipment. At the same time, the market for web solutions is well equipped to accommodate the needs of our customers. Legal Feasibility There are no perceivable legal issues with this project. Operational Feasibility The operations involved include personalized alterations to the contents of subscription boxes and personalized delivery to individual households. Because of this, it is expected for the standard procurement and packaging operations to be altered to handle many different demands, which would increase the workload on managers. Specialized software to manage differen
At least in every decade, an advance technological innovation emerges that significantly transforms the business arena. In all these cases, regardless of the earlier competitive environment, business that understands and carefully incorporate technology win, while those that fail to do so lose. We had the mainframe computing in the 1970s. In the 1980s, the PC dominated the scene followed by the internet in the 1990s. Today, it is the online social media and graph. Social graph is a World Wide Web of people constructed by social networking sites, such as Facebook, LinkedIn, and Twitter, of individuals on the internet and how they connect. Social media are emerging and perhaps will change everything we experience about “business as usual.” Social networking is penetrating across the internet, connecting people, businesses, products and services and bringing context about relationship to every Web site and software applications so that technology can be less of itself and more about social networking and people. Social networks are sites used to connect people with other similar people. Successful networking sites ask users to develop profiles of themselves so that those with similar backgrounds, interests, hobbies, religious beliefs, racial identities, or political views can “meet” online. What is in social networking for marketers? First, social networks enable marketers to reach influential people like journalists and consumers. Retailers consider them opinion leaders. Social networks create a significant opportunity for the development of a brand community. Scholars assert that social networking and media are movements that affect us personally and professionally. They create an enabling environment for individuals to work from homes, be self-employed, and take care of personal and business matters at work Shih (2009). Crucial business interactions, such as sales, recruiting, business development we create depend on the relations we have. Consumers’ decisions to buy a product or service can now be influenced by referrals and recommendations from colleagues, families and friends. Most of these recommendations and referrals emanates from social networking sites. The pioneers of online social networking sites, such as Classmates.com and SixDegrees.com paved ways for today popular and viral sites like Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter and Hi5, among others. As these sit
Introduction A feasibility report is an organized presentation in form of a document that describes the economic and operational benefits of carrying out a project to completion against incurred costs (Kuiper & Clippinger). Modeling and analysis displays the logical flow of information and sequence of activities. The Pizza Shop case study Actors: owner/manager, two cooks, one waitress, one delivery person, and accountancy person. Table 1: the domain dictionary of The Pizza Shop The Pizza Shop                       Customer services: Domain Dictionary Type: Roles                          Version 1.1- August 24, 2012         NAME                                  DESCRIPTION                                                                                                                             Owner/manager                         Oversees that the operations of the enterprise are working as planned                                                                   Two cooks                             Prepare the pizzas in the kitchen                                                                                                       waitress                              Serves the in-house customers as well packaging for the takeouts, and deliveries                                                        Delivery person                       Delivers the packaged goods to the doorstep of customers                                                                                Accountancy person (husband)          Keeps records of the three system, and tracks the earnings so as to ascertain which system is more profitable and therefore be enhanced                                       Validate credit cards                                                                                                                    Table 2: The use case summary of customer service The Pizza Shop                     Customer Service: Use Case Summary Version 1.0- August 24, 2012       NAME                                DESCRIPTION                                                                                           ACTORS                                                                         sourcing                            Arrange for supplies to reach the shop, and make payments.                                            Manager, delivery man                                                          Makes the pizzas                    Mix the ingredients and bake to come up with the pizzas.                                              The two cooks                                                                  Receives customers call             A customer calls to place an order to be delivered to his/her place. The receiver notes his details.  The waitress, the manager                                                      Verify credit card details          Valida