ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
One of the more horrifying concepts in fiction is the thought of losing the self. It is a theme that can be traced back through history for centuries, usually in terms of insanity, such as in William Shakespeare’s Hamlet (primarily expressed in the character Ophelia) or King Lear and into modern times with Ken Kesey’s One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest. However, this isn’t always the case as novels such as The Manchurian Candidate and The Bourne Identity were released, psychological thrillers involving a loss of identity through less innocent or biological reasons. In The Bourne Identity, a man who has lost all memory of who he is slowly beginning to track the clues of his former life and, in the process, begins to suspect that he may have been a paid assassin of the highest order. In attempting to preserve his own life, he is forced to kidnap, murder, and discover covert skills no honest person has a need to know. The Manchurian Candidate, on the other hand, depicts a man who is conditioned to kill on command but retains no knowledge of his crimes, only a vague sense that something is not quite right. Although well aware of who he is and too familiar with his own painful past, this man is unaware of the actions he engages in for the benefit of the enemy. The protagonists in both The Bourne Identity and The Manchurian Candidate kill and suffer some form of lost identity, but Jason Bourne knows he kills, while Raymond Shaw is completely unaware of his actions. As has been mentioned, The Bourne Identity begins with a man who has lost all sense of who he is. He is found floating in the Mediterranean Sea with bullet wounds in his back and a head injury that is presumably the cause of his amnesia. Left in the care of a washed-out doctor on a small island, a small piece of microfilm leads the man to a Swiss bank where he learns his name may be Jason Bourne. As he begins to discover who he is, he is forced to discover his skills in weaponry, espionage, and escape as he grabs a woman to use as a hostage to escape a crowded hotel lobby alive. Although originally seen as a monster killing machine and feeling himself to perhaps be exactly this, Marie explicitly labels the difference and suggests this may not be the case. “It’s hard to explain, but during all the time you kept me, hostage, even when you hit me, and dragged me and pressed the gun into my stomach and held it against my head – God knows, I was terrified – but I thought I saw something in your eyes. Call it reluctance” (131). Despite this reluctance, Jason is more than willing to kill when the occasion demands, fully cognizant of what he is doing. This is seen, for example, in the scene in Paris when Bourne attempts to pick up h
The Thousand and One Nights is a collection of tales of Middle-East origin. The stories of Sindbad the Sailor, Ali Baba, and Aladdin have become an important part of Western folklore. The accounts are set in Central Asia and follow the tale of King Shahryar, who kills his wife after discovering her unfaithfulness and betrayal. Due to his ensuing hatred of women, the king marries and kills a woman every day. The vizier devises a plan to save his daughter upon marriage to the king by advising her to tell a story every day and leave it incomplete with the promise of completing it the next day. The stories are fascinating, and this forces the king to put off her execution for many days until he abandons his cruel mission. This essay argues that the text of The Thousand and One Nights is all about the art of storytelling. After reading the different tales in The Thousand and One Nights , it can be concluded that the text has used different styles to enhance the idea of storytelling. The king’s wife, Shahrazad, uses the art of storytelling to save herself from certain death at the hands of a man who distrusted all women. Through her narrations, we learn that storytelling is about capturing the imagination and interest of the listener. In the text, it is noted that due to her skills in narrating tales, the king was “restless (and) was pleased with the idea of listening to the story…” (Mahdi, 1995 p.55). Shahrazad’s recitations ensured the king was intrigued, and therefore, put off killing her until the next day when he could hear another story. The process continues for a thousand and one nights until the king finally abandoned his cruel mission. Through the art of storytelling, the king’s wife could capture the king’s interest and thus save herself from certain death. The text features specific and direct textual evidence that defines the “successful” storyteller. For example, it is seen that a successful narrator involves the audience. In the text, there is an encounter with Shahrazad as she begins her narrations by appreciating the king by calling him the “happy king” (Mahdi, 1995 p. 66). Repetition is another attribute of a successful storyteller, as revealed by the text. In the story of The Porter and the Three Ladies , the narrator keeps repeating the porter’s words as he meets each woman “Oh, lucky day, O happy day” (Mahdi, 1995 p.73). This repetition creates familiarity with the audience in the narration. It also explains why the king was intrigued by the stories. The text conveys valuable information about storytellers and oral traditions. One such message is that storytellers are enterta
Issues that help and hinder performances of different generations Organizations aim to produce good results that are achieved through a dedicated and committed workforce. The workplace environment is characterized by several issues that help and hinder performances of different generations of workers. The management should be aware of the issues so that the right approaches can be used to facilitate a culture of excellent performance. The younger generation uses short forms of communication that negatively impact an organization’s performance. For instance, BTW is used to mean “by the way.” The form of communication cannot be easily understood by the older generation. Thus, workplace ideas and messages could be misperceived. However, young workers can effectively use short forms of communication to share ideas and information that could increase their performance. Millennials post anything they wish, although it could be confidential, on the internet. This practice has resulted in poor performances in the workplace because some confidential information may leak to people who may use it to compete more effectively against the firm. However, the old generation is characterized by a high level of confidentiality that helps improve an organization’s performance outcomes. Another issue that affects performance is the ability to apply critical thinking skills. The old generation workers can use excellent critical thinking skills to solve issues in the workplace. However, millennials follow documented approaches to solve workplace problems. In the absence of the documented approaches, members of the younger generation produce poor results. Finally, the experience is a crucial issue that affects performance. New hires and students on attachment have limited workplace experiences that negatively impact the performance of an organization. On the other hand, old generation workers have amassed experiences that enable them to produce good results for firms. Workers’ unions An organization with unions should not persuade workers to decertify their union. Workers’ unions are formed to negotiate for the rights of workers about better salaries and working conditions, among others. An organization could use its unions to make workers accept terms that would not benefit them. However, workers use their unions to enter into collective bargaining agreements that yield better terms and conditions. Incentive plans Firms use different incentive plans to motivate their workers to achieve specific goals. Employee incentive plans should benefit all workers within an organization when goals are exceeded. The aim of such plans is to motivate all workers for their combined efforts in achieving excellent results. However, some incentive plans could only be provided to selected employees. For ex
A vector is a quantity that has both the magnitude as well as direction. The size of a vector is denoted by a scalar quantity which is considered as quantity that has only the magnitude but does not have direction. Vector quantities are mainly represented by an arrow that is drawn to scale and pointing to a specified direction. Fig 1: represents a vector whose magnitude is 20 meters heading in the direction of 030’ The vector represents displacement vectors with several features that are essential in an appropriate vector diagram. The vector diagram has a scalar quantity that is denoted by 20 meters labeled as‘d’. In addition, the arrow has an arrowhead that points into a specific direction 030’. The magnitude and direction of this vector is well defined. The vector is a displacement of 20 meters in the direction 030’. The direction of the vector is mainly expressed as an angle expressed in bearing about its tail. There are three Newton’s Laws of motion. The first Newton law of motion is often regarded as the law of inertia. The law states that a body that is in a constant state of motion or rest remains in that state provided no external force acts on it. This is the law that causes passengers in a moving vehicle to be launched forward when a vehicle applies emergency brakes or passengers jerk backwards when a vehicle starts moving. Newton’s second law of motion states that when an external force acts on a moving or a stationary body, the acceleration produced is inversely proportional to the mass of the body and directly proportion to the force applied and takes place in the direction of the force. The law is the one that is responsible for the acceleration or decelerations of the bodies. Newton’s third law of motion states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. For instance, when one step on the ground one exerts a certain force on the ground and in return the ground exerts an equal and opposite force on the feet. This is the law that is applied in determining the momentum of the bullet when it is fired from the gun. The momentum of the bullet is determined by multiplying the mass of the gun with the recoil velocity of the gun which should be equal to the mass of the bullet multiplied by the speed of the bullet- which represents the momentum of the bullet. This is true due to the law of conservation of momentum which states that momentum before is equal to momentum after. Mandelbrot set is a set of complex numbers. An image of complex numbers is plotted on a complex number plane. Before plotting the image, one first determines whether a given number is inside the set of number or not using the following formula. Z= z 2 +c where c is a constant, z starts from zero and changes with every test. After the test, the magnitude of z is then determined. If the magnitude of z is less tha
Demand Definition Demand is the amount of a good, service or resource that people are willing to buy at a certain price at a given moment in time. The demand curve slopes downwards; this is one of the economic laws known as the law of demand. The law of demand is the inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded such that, if the price of a good increase, the quantity demanded will decrease. Conversely, if the price of good decreases the quantity demanded will increase (O’Connor, 2004). Factors Determining the Demand for Rail Transport in the UK Change in overall demand for goods is subject to other factors called determinants of demand. Basically, change in one or more of the determinants causes buyers to want more or less of a good at each and every price. Generally, demand is influenced by six factors, which include “tastes and preferences, income level, market size, price of substitute, price of complementary goods and expectations” (Tucker, 2010). A change in any one of these factors forces demand curve to shift either to the right or left depending on the direction of change in the factor. Importantly, the resulting demand curve represents the new reality of the market place. In Europe, many commuters in rail transport are perplexed at the fact that raised fares poorly reflect on services offered by the existing rail companies. Due to this reason, commuters are now looking for work nearer to their hometowns or moving closer to their work to reduce their spending on fare. Although intentions of the increase seem noble, many commuters find it untimely due to the economic crisis, which has also led to employment lapses (Tucker, 2010). Generally, income level and demand for goods and services are directly related such that a change in income will result in a proportionately equal change in demand. Therefore, with the cost of living tending to increase while income levels of many commuters staying stagnant or slightly increasing at a disproportionate rate with inflation demand for rail transport tends to decline. This has led to commuters changing their jobs as their salary is all wasted on rail transport. Rail transport is efficient and effective and eco friendly to the environment but with rising prices commuters may try to find other options (Tucker, 2010). The number of commuters is increasing, thus demanding more services from rail transporters; this has, in turn, increased its demand. This implies that, with the increasing numbers, rail transport must be wary and ready to serve all customers equally by increasing the supply of their services. This means that more staff will be needed to ensure the safety of trains, cleanliness and ticket cutting. If demand decreases, it will drastically affect the revenues received (O’Connor, 2004). With the increase in demand for rail transport, more commuters are looking into othe
There is no need to deny the fact that the economy of a state is one of the most vital factors that guarantee its existence and further development of the country. As a factor influencing the functioning of every state, the economy deals with a great number of various phenomena that are considered the part of the modern world. Due to this fact, the discussed issue is often regarded as a very complicated one. However, it is necessary to emphasize that the consideration of a great number of various key points at the same time is the guaranty of the efficient and prosperous economy of the state. That is why it is vital for economists to be able to switch between the analysis of various notions, such as unemployment, demand, supply, market, and GDP, in order to catch the slightest change in their status and create an efficient response to new challenges. Based on the assumptions made above, it can be said that the analysis of some of the key aspects of the economy explored in the relevant economic article can help to understand the issue better. The article U.S. Economy Adds 223,000 Jobs; Unemployment at 5.3% by Nelson Schwartz (2015) sheds light on some very important tendencies in the economy of the U.S. Thus, speaking about the state of economy of the USA, the author outlines several factors the combination of which could have a great impact on the state. Several key points investigated by the author can be outlined in the article. The first point is related to the fact that the economy of the USA managed to add “healthy 223,000 jobs” last month, that means that it continues to grow and recover from the aftermath of the crisis (Schwartz, 2015, par. 2). The second point is the analysis of the relation between the unemployment rate and the improvement of the economy and the creation of new working places. The third one is the ability to overcome inflation, which could have a beneficial effect on the economy of the state. Finally, the author admits that the current conditions of the American economy are better than the conditions of a great number of advanced economies. Thus, analyzing these key points of the article mentioned above, it is possible to use the concept of unemployment in order to make a certain conclusion. It should be said that by speaking about the creation of new working places, the author obviously wants to underline the great importance of the unemployment rate and the impact it has on the economy of the state. Thus, underlining the possibility of overcoming inflation and the current state of the
Summary Bronchial asthma, being one of the significant health problems due to the high prevalence of the disease worldwide, has not received an adequate assessment concerning coronavirus disease, the most relevant today. The article focuses on research on this problem because respiratory allergy is associated with a significant decrease in the expression of ACE2 receptors, which are the entry receptor for COVID-19. The research reflected in the article aims to trace the susceptibility of patients with bronchial asthma to coronavirus disease. The observed results served as the basis for recommendations for the treatment of bronchial asthma. Significance The article “COVID-19 susceptibility in bronchial asthma” can be assessed as significant for society, and that is why it was selected as the object for review. Bronchial asthma itself is a significant threat to human death; constant monitoring is necessary to prevent the onset of asthma attacks. The acute problem with coronavirus today still requires attention and further research. The importance and relevance of the article are that it explores this relationship and can offer some statistics and figures “indicating low susceptibility to COVID-19” in patients with pre-existing asthma. (Green et al., 2021, 688) Thus, research makes it possible to comfort these patients and shield them from the greater fear that they suffer in such a situation. Bronchial asthma is a chronic disease, and most often, genetic causes are the main ones for the onset of the disease. However, asthma can develop under the influence of unfavorable working environment factors, and in this case, more people are at risk. Personal Response The article reviewed is of particular interest, as it explores the relationship between diseases and hence susceptibility, which are the most relevant at the moment. The new coronavirus infection continues to spread worldwide, and research related to it is
Leadership is defined as the management of certain resources or aspects of an organization. Management is about organizing and directing resources so that they work in harmony for efficiency. As a leader, there are a few important aspects that I should portray to achieve the goals of my organization. This involves directing resources using the powers I have in my leadership position. This aspect is meant to ensure that my interaction with other members of the organization helps to boost performance and efficiency in the organization. As I have learned, every organization needs leaders who can motivate and change the way people think to achieve the general goals and objectives of the organization. As a leader, I am supposed to pursue a good organizational image not only to the internal stakeholders of the organization but also to the external environment; which comprise of customers, suppliers, and even competitors of the organization. Though some leadership skills are learned from academic institutions, every leader has some aspects and character traits that enable him to perform his or her duties effectively. These personal traits cannot be learned like other skills. They can only be developed and improved after self-awareness and experience in the relevant fields. I believe every experience I undergo will serve to boost my skills and create self-awareness, thereby making me a good leader. As I have come to learn, leadership is not always about leading others; it is also about accepting to be a follower. It is important that as a leader, I will be always ready to be led and listen to my juniors. This motivates me, and I can encourage my followers to learn to lead and be willing to be led. If a leader lacks personal goals and targets, he or she will not be motivated to develop skills. Instead, he will be working towards the organization’s goals, and this might cause him to ignore other vital aspects. This involves ignoring the significance of his relationship with internal stakeholders in the organization. In leadership, credibility builds over time. As a good leader, I will be able to build on credibility through trustworthiness. It is important to state that trust does not come overnight; it takes time to build. Moreover, just like experience in management is acquired over time, credibility requires time to build. However, it can take a single event for an organization or for a manager to lose credibility. Once credibility is lost, it takes time, effort, and resources to build again. This is why leaders are supposed to work extra hard to be trustworthy and honest. The ethics in the management must be of high standards in terms of personal and professional conduct. Without credibility, a leader cannot sustain professional ethics. Therefore, in building my leadership skills and experience, I will ensure I maintain high ethical standards to build on my credibility. Credibility is not only about trustw