ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Summary The discussed article is focused on the pricing for value in information and communication technologies. The first part of the article is devoted to prices based on cost-plus and customer value-based pricing approaches, their definition, advantages and disadvantages. The second part of the article is the crucial one as it introduces the research, where the cost-plus and customer value-based approaches are related to information and communication technologies. In more detail, the second part of the article develops the topic of research carried out on pricing models used in information and communication technologies industry and reveals nine major assumptions that drive pricing policies of the ICT companies among which there are involvement of customers and other key stakeholders in pricing decision-making, consideration of all pricing forming factors, the reduction of levels of the customer price sensitivity, and communicating value to the customers. The conclusion of the article is that the commonly used cost-plus price approach is not perfect and that customer value-based pricing, especially in the information and communication technologies field could bring more profit to the companies. Relation Pricing is the essential part of managers’ work, as its management’s responsibility to provide the company with supportive arguments about what pricing politics to choose in order to present the customers with the qualitative products/services by the relevant price. The methods, which should be used in the price creation is the core, as it directs the whole financial politics of the company in general. As well, pricing relates to the customers of the company and its other key stakeholders. Customers are affected by pricing policies of the companies in the sense of their increased or decreased ability to buy goods and/or services of this company. Moreover, customer loyalty is often strengthened by including customers to the company’s pricing decision-making. The same is true about other key stakeholders, like suppliers, business partners, and investors, who also benefit from valuing the role in the company and making pricing policies more stakeholder-oriented and value-based. Reaction The research, which was provided in the article, used effective methodology, that is why the results appeared to be strong and supported by great many of other supportive facts. The investigation proved that cost-plus price creation is not as productive as the customer value-based pricing is. This is explained by the fact that when the cost-plus pricing model is used, the interests of the customers are not investigated, their preferences are not included. Consequently, the price becomes separated from demand and supply that leads, in its turn, to disorientation of the pricing market. One of the most interesting implications of the investigation reported by Pasura & Ryals (2005) is that the customer value in the mode
Abstract Free access to information technology and digital innovation is one of the drivers of progress in various fields, including education. However, the availability of the Internet, as the main platform with many informative and entertainment functions, can be a negative factor influencing the formation of addiction. In particular, students who actively use the functionality of the world wide web demonstrate high rates of spending time online, which ultimately affects not only their academic performance but also emotional state negatively. Evaluating the current findings on this topic and obtaining objective information from the target audience by conducting qualitative research can help confirm the issue exists. This research proposal is aimed at describing the relevance of the analysis of the proposed problem and identifying a positive correlation between Internet addiction among students, their emotional burden, and low academic performance. Problem Background As the most active user audience, students spend much time on the Internet, which can be the reason for the development of real addiction. In their study, Ambad et al. (2017) analyze Asian countries and note that, depending on the regions, the rates of Internet addiction among young people vary “between 2.4% to 37.9%” (p. 87). Such indicators are critically high and reflect the urgency of the problem since, in a global context, the numbers are alarming. The situation is challenging due to the fact that, in addition to affecting students’ academic performance negatively, their emotional state deteriorates. Kakaraki et al. (2017) assess the impact of Internet addiction on individual personality traits of the participants involved. According to their research, the strongest influences are manifested in transformed conscientiousness associated with depression, emotional instability, and closeness to experience (Kakaraki et al., 2017). Students are ready to spend most of their free time in the online space, which transforms their psyche and makes them adapt to the specific conditions of virtual communication. The spread of social media is an additional incentive that influences the urgency of the problem. Kumar et al. (2018) note that Internet addiction is a mental health issue and a cause of psychiatric disorders manifested in isolation from society and associated depressive moods. Therefore, from the perspective of emotional impacts, this type of addiction is dangerous and carries numerous threats to students’ well-being and mental health. In terms of its impact on academic performance, the issue of Internet addiction is equally acute. As the time spent online increases, young people lose interest in learning and show the lack of initiative. Moreover, according to Kakaraki et al. (2017), based on the results of their research, the excessive use of Internet resources “resulted in academic performance deterioration, even for students who previously had excellent grades
Introduction Invasion of privacy is one of the issues that have taken center stage in the 21st century. This has mostly been a result of the technological advances, which have meant that invading individual privacy by the government is feasible. A particularly contentious issue with regard to privacy in the U.S. is the introduction of a uniform identification process using the ID card system. While proponents of the same see it as a means to help curb crime, opponents see it as the first step to the formation of a police state. This paper shall compare and contrast the ideas expressed by Alan Ehrenhalt in his essay “The Misguided Zeal of the Privacy Lobby” with the ideas of Barbara Dority in her essay “Halt and Show Your Papers! Identification Cards Definition Ehrenhalt’s main argument is that in these modern times, privacy is overrated, and people are privacy obsessed and therefore refuse to see the advantages that the ID cards would bring to the U.S. Ehrenhalt further accuses the majority of the public of overreacting and branding the ID card as a tool for transforming our democratic state into a totalitarian one without any real evidence. Dority, on the other hand, claims that ID cards would indeed the precursor to our country becoming a totalitarian one. She indicates that individuals are not wary enough of the risk to their privacy that ID cards hold, and as such, there is a likelihood that the ID card system may become a reality with negative repercussions on our privacy as citizens. A major difference between the two authors is that while Ehrenhalt insists that people are overreacting when they claim that a national ID would result in privacy invasion, Dority asserts that the threat of national ID presents the greatest threat to personal freedom in U.S. history. Ehrenhalt argues that it is paranoid to assume that the ID system will result in a police state since there is little connection between ID cards and democracy or dictatorship. Dority, on the other hand, declares that the ID card system will inevitably result in an increase in police power, therefore leading to the dreaded Orwellian society. Another difference that is evident in the two essays is the perception of the two authors as to the usefulness of the ID system. While Ehrenhalt hails the ID card system as the means through which the federal government will save billions, Dority derides it as an expensive enterprise whose real benefits are non-existent. Ehrenhalt articulates that the government losses up to $5 billion in tax losses from fake identities. Dority, on the other hand, reveals that ID cards will cost the U.S. $3billion to implement with few benefits accrued. However, there are issues on which Ehrenhalt and Dority agree in their respective essays. Both authors agree that privacy invasion by the government is a very real threat. Ehrenhalt admits that governments such as the German Nazi and the KGB collected data on citize
Introduction The healthcare industry is among the technical and crucial sectors that determine a country’s growth and development. New entrants into the industry are often faced with the challenge of acquiring vital skills and mentorship to lead successful careers. Those already in the field and the middle-level practitioners need guidance to move to senior positions. At the same time, senior healthcare professionals need support to navigate through different positions in the sector (Barker & Kelley, 2020). The need for mentorship is the main motivating factor for developing the American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE) mentorship program. This essay highlights the program’s purpose, operations, and role in enabling future healthcare administrators to secure and sustain jobs in the healthcare sector. ACHE’s Purpose and Operations Ache is founded on the knowledge that the future of healthcare leadership and management lies in the new entrants and mid-careerists who need mentorship to navigate the changes and developments in healthcare. According to Bonica and Bewley (2018), it is a global professional society with over 48,000 healthcare executives in charge of hospitals, healthcare systems, and organizations globally. ACHE has received international recognition for its role in leadership excellence in healthcare through its wide range of learning and research programs. Its annual healthcare leadership congress attracts over 4,000 participants and contributes to groundbreaking research crucial to the health industry (Zambrano, 2019). Learning is a life-long process that depends not only on training and practice but also on mentorship. The ACHE mentorship program is beneficial to both mentors and mentees. It provides a platform through which mentees learn from the experiences and skills of long-term professionals in the fields. At the same time, the mentors gain satisfaction derived from their contribution to the future success of the healthcare industry. Benefits to the Future Healthcare Administrators Health workers and professionals who are keen on leveraging their careers in health and advancing their skills to reach their optimum potential can utilize the ACHE mentorship program to achieve their goals. First,
Introduction American Revolution is one of the most prominent and groundbreaking events in the history of the United States of America. The 19th-century war between American and British colonies made an immense impact on the global political situation, as a young nation managed to withstand one of the mightiest military forces. Apart from courageous combat feats, both generals and regular soldiers did not forget about their simple human pleasures, which were quite unusual. Therefore, this paper will discuss the reaction to the documentary on sex during the American Revolution. General Reaction to the Documentary The documentary by the XY Factory has provided an entirely new perspective on the most prominent figures in American history, justifying some significant events that influenced the further course of the country’s events. It is not surprising that prostitution has always been a profitable business; however, not many know that it was a necessity for some women. It is a common fact that women in the 19th century did not have equal rights to men, therefore, they could hardly support their family without a partner. Such tough gender-based conditions left some with no other options than to become prostitutes as the only way to provide for the family (DocSpot, 2018). It was and still remains a significant problem among women raising many concerns. One of the most interesting facts from the video was the usage of clothing and accessories as signs of being open to sexual intercourse. For instance, curtained gestures made with a fan during a conversation with a gentleman were a signal of romantic interest (DocSpot, 2018). Along with this attribute, many other secret signs were present at the balls, where dozens of single young people throughout the American Revolution were seeking intimate pleasure. A personal shocking revelation was the fact that women followed both American and British troops with hypocritical goals. Initially, as there were no logistical positions in the army, women performed traditional household roles; however, a prominent part of them also wanted to fulfill their primary purpose in life – find a husband. This way, many soldiers from both sides used these women for sexual satisfaction, with only a few later marrying them (DocSpot, 2018). Nevertheless, women continued to follow troopers’ lead, becoming sex toys for them and hoping to once charm a rich soldier. The Discovery of some surprising facts about a few most significant historical figures astounded me, subsequently changing my attitude towards them. The interference of Benjamin Franklin and George Washington was one of the most unexp
Introduction The significance of race has always been evident in the social practices of human beings. Biology was used to explain racism before the 20th century. Currently, racism is only viewed from a social point of view. [1] The concept of racism was developed in the European region by the whites who viewed themselves as a “superior race”. This ideology was enhanced by biblical explanations that were used by the whites to support their arguments. After the migration and settlement of the whites in many parts of the world, racial hierarchy and discrimination came into being. The race factor has always been a central issue in controlling how several issues are handled in the United States. The race factor has also affected myriads of activities in the American history. [2] The analysis of the positive and negative effects that accompany racism demonstrates that the race factor has negatively affected social integration in the U.S. Besides, there are numerous cases of segregation and exclusion that have emerged from the race factor. Discussion and analyses The whites have always been the most influential race in the United States. The Anglo-Saxon ideologies that people with white skin are god chosen and are supposed to rule the world made them to dominate in the United States. [3] The white culture has been taken as the basic American culture for many years. Besides, there are other Americans and immigrants who prefer adapting the white cultural practices. It is perceived as the best way of fitting in American society. [4] This has resulted into the conversion of many white skinned Americans to whites. On the other hand, the dark skinned people are sometimes self-driven to lighten their skin. For instance, they use plastic surgery to make their complexion to appear white as they struggle to adapt to the American culture. The whites have completely absorbed the Mexican Americans. This scenario was driven by various reasons. It is factual that their skin complexion is almost the same as those of their white counterparts bearing in mind that were easily accommodated by the whites. However, the Mexicans are still a minority race in the US. They were afraid of being segregated. This fear was enhanced by the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo that promised American citizenship to the native Mexicans. This never came to pass until the mid twentieth century. Before then, Mexicans were forced to pass as whites in order to enjoy the privileges enjoyed by the whites. [5] They preferred to be integrated among the whites rather than undergo segregation. Therefore, the Mexicans in the United States are treated as whites to some extent. [6] Other minorities in the United States with a skin complexion that is similar to the whites have also opted to be integrated as the white population. They believe that being whites is accompanied by improved social, economic, and political security. [7] The inclusion principle however could not be effective on African Americans and other minority races that have a darker skin compl
The Mexican son genre (also called Son music) is common in different Latin American nations. Son music “is part of the Mexican folk dance” (Castro 46). However, the aspects of the son genre vary from one region to the other. Son music relies on string instruments such as violins and guitars. The genre also borrows some unique aspects from the famous Baroque music. There is a deep connection between this folk genre and the zapateado footwork. The word zapateado refers to “a group of styles whereby several dancers use percussive footwork to support the dance” (Castro 47). The “dancers and singers strike their shoes to produce a lively rhythm” (Castro 62). A good example of the above subgenres is the famous Son Jarocho. According to Castro (67), Son Jarocho is a powerful sub-genre of the famous Mexican son genre. This subgenre occurs when several artists come together to produce a powerful dance. These musicians usually use elevated wooden platforms. Such wooden platforms are called trains. The dancers and musicians embrace the zapateado footwork to entertain their audiences. This approach has made this subgenre popular in Latin America (Diaz-Sanchez and Hernandez, 192). The above footwork offers the required vocal accompaniment to produce the best music. Many Chicanos in America have also embraced the zapateado idea. Such Chicanos have also managed to sustain this connection in the United States. These Chicano musicians have also sustained this subgenre in different countries across the globe. For instance, many Latinos in the United States began to embrace this folk dance in the 2000s. Such “musicians have used the dance as a way of connecting to their Mexican culture and heritage” (Castro 73). This fact explains why several cities in America such as Los Angeles have witnessed such Chicano festivals. A new band emerged in California during the 2000s. This group is called Son de Centro. The group performs in Santa Ana and its neighboring regions. This region has a large number of Mexican-Americans. The group Radio Jarocho has also made this subgenre popular in the United States. These two groups focus on the major issues affecting many Latinos in different parts of the world. They have also performed in different countries such as France, Spain, and Britain. Some musicians have also supported this subgenre in different parts of the world. A good example of such musicians is Conjunto Hueyapan (Diaz-Sanchez and Hernandez 198).
The parable of the Rich Man and Lazarus, found in Luke chapter 16 starting from the nineteenth verse to the thirty-first, has an original meaning that is pegged on it. This paper seeks to bring it out after careful investigation of the social and intellectual conditions that used to be present in those days of the Old Testament. I will be looking at the pattern of living during those periods of time and use that to explain more about the events of the parable as they unfolded. It is also going to incorporate the intellectual and social conditions of the New Testament. This was not really a parable because though traditionally known as one of the literature genres it belongs to falls under Biography. A parable can be said to be a fable that has a moral behind it. It is used with factual objects of things that can happen in real life like the only difference is that the story cannot be traced to a particular period. It can be said to be fictional because the user makes up characters and forms a story that is factual to bring out a lesson. Parables incorporate a visible world and take us to comprehend the invisible things of God. Another characteristic of a parable is that besides appealing to the imaginations and feelings of Man, it also sparks an interest in the ‘intelligent reason of man.’ Jesus’ parables were demonstrated using human relationships that control human beings. He also used natural phenomena that his audience could easily relate to so as to explain the things that were unfamiliar to his audience. It can conclusively be seen as a way in which Jesus directed Man’s thought processes from the physical world to the spiritual one. ()More still, a parable can be defined as ‘an earthly story with a heavenly meaning.’ This ‘parable’ belongs to the biographical literature genre because it is an event that happened a long time ago. The mentioning of Abraham, Moses, and the prophets clearly takes us back to the times of the Old Testament. In the times of the Old Testament, Moses and prophets were used by God to communicate with the people. Jesus is God, and God is omnipresent, meaning that even then, Jesus was alive and can be said as having witnessed this story. It is not fictional in any way because the characters used are really only that they were alive at some past period of time. They passed on to another life. This Biography cannot be said to be parallel to present-day life, as a parable would be, but speaks about LifeLife before and after death. No one can really relate with LifeLife after death. To get a clear picture of this biographical work of Jesus, it would be of utmost importance to relate to the characters as they used to be in the Old Testament or in the earlier centuries. Starting with the 24th verse of Luke, chapter 16, we are shown how the rich Man used to dress in purple linen and every day lived in luxury. During those days, there were some social groups of people that were known as aristocrats and social marginals whose social gap was really big. In this verse, we are told of how the rich Man used to dress in purple linen and enjoyed a life of luxury each and every day. This Man is clearly depicted a