ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Hewlett-Packard, a global information technologies corporation has been known for its favorable human resource policies appreciated by the majority of employees. This paper will discuss the changes in the human resource management strategies at Hewlett-Packard which resulted in the loss of the HP way, decrease of the employees’ satisfaction and the increase of the turnover rates and will offer the measures to be imposed for improving the situation. Summary of the case Founded in 1939 by Bill Hewlett and Dave Packard who started their enterprise in a one-car garage, Hewlett-Packard commonly referred to as HP has grown into a global information technology corporation with its headquarters in Palo Alto, California. The founders developed a number of management concepts, including the participative management, emphasis on the process and trust and openness in the working relations which have been known as the HP way and became the basis for the employees’ strong satisfaction and the company’s successful growth (Beer & von Werssowetz 1985). After the decades of successful leadership in the market sector, in 1997 and 1998, HP did not meet its business targets due to the intense competition from Dell and the economical crisis in Asia. The changes were required for improving the situation, and a new era in HP started in July 1999, when against the traditional hiring principles of the corporation, an outsider Carly Fiorina was announced as a CEO of the company (Beer et al 2005, p. 8). Fiorina made significant changes in HP and reconsidered the well-known HP way making it history. Starting from reconsidering the brand image, Carly proceeded to the reorganization of HP into a front-back structure and changing the payment principles by placing more emphasis upon using pay as motivation instead of traditional salary-based pay at HP. Though the impact of these c
Providing society with free and accessible information becomes a fundamental value during times of global crises. The primary purpose of disclosing government data is to encourage citizens to reuse it, to give them the tool to create and develop public goods so that the commercial sector can competitively offer innovative products. This is necessary to form an environment of active civic criticism. Anyone with technical skills could create a socially useful service with their hands. For several years now, the statistical departments of states and international organizations, particularly the European Union, have published statistical reports and bulletins and posted on their websites all the statistics they have accumulated in a reusable form – special formats for the so-called machine processing. During the pandemic, sources of information and data on the spread of the new coronavirus COVID-19 have become a precious resource that is used in their activities not only by citizens but also by the media, NGOs, government agencies (Dwivedi 15). Data is collected both by official research communities and statistical services and informal groups of activists. The following requirements are imposed on the information: relevance – regular updates; correctness – data must be collected from trusted official sources or verified by activists of significant communities, such as Open Data Science. Data on COVID-19 is classified as sensitive since the forecasting scenarios of the epidemiological situation cause a public outcry. Therefore, the analysis of these data requires accuracy. The results’ interpretation involves several assumptions since the following features are initially inherent in different types of data. First, the fragmentation of sources and data formats is essential. The lack of a single spreadsheet, which everyone fills out following a single methodology, and which would easily make it possible to compare cases of infection and death around the world. 16 Second, there is a large difference between prevention and control measures against coronavirus and their disparity across countries and cities, which affects the data and general knowledge of how many people became infected with COVID-19. Work Cited Dwivedi, Yogesh K., et al. “Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Information Management Research and Practice: Transforming Education, Work and Life.” International Journal of Information Management , vol. 55, 2020, pp. 1-25.
The segmented adaptation idea has been a frequent reason for the different integration processes of a fresh influx of migration and their offspring. The notion of segmented assimilation is founded on the fact that American society has become increasingly diversified and fragmented, with an impoverished dwelling in core cities, where many incoming immigrant communities initially live upon arrival. As a result, it is said, multiple groups are accessible to which new immigrants might integrate, and as a result, they may follow varied assimilation routes. This work was written with the aim of studying the development trend and perception of segmented assimilation. According to segmented absorption, keeping ethnic disparities with the Mainstream of society — preferential internalization – will result in good results for the second generation, particularly for non-white impoverished immigrants. Consonant intercultural competence happens when both children and families adopt American culture while progressively abandoning their native language and traditional practices. With their parents’ help, these youngsters accomplish upward mobility as they enter the American Mainstream (Diaz, 2020). When people gain English and embrace American habits far rapidly than their immigrant family, this is referred to as asymmetrical assimilation. The best peace
Of all types of entertainment, sports games such as baseball are usually regarded as strongly divorced from politics. However, as the article by Fay Vincent (2021) has shown, political issues percolate even in games, shaping the choices made by players and, more importantly, their leaders, to a significant extent. Robert Manfred’s experience in managing both political and baseball-related issues becomes evident as soon as he starts assessing the outcomes of the specified decision. Although the commentary that Robert Manfred, a former Baseball Commissioner, makes in his article, seems to stem mostly from his personal beliefs and philosophy, his experience in managing the game and the related events may have affected his opinion due to the thorough understanding of the nuances of boycotting and the people whom the specified decision affects most. Namely, while he accepts the necessity to voice disapproval of Georgia’s racist law, Manfred also recognizes the repercussions, including the fact that viewers and other stakeholders not involved in the conflict will suffer first and to the greatest extent: “The only people hurt by Mr. Manfred’s decision will be Atlanta’s stadium workers and local vendors” (Vincent, 2021, para. 4). Additionally, Manfred embraces the dubious nature of the choice to boycott the state of Georgia specifically despite the fact that other countries have demonstrated even more despicable attitudes toward the issue of equality in law: “If Georgia is racist, how can baseball talk of doing business with China?” (Vincent, 2021, para. 5). Therefore, Manfred’s experience in managing games has given him the perspective to view the situation objectively. Thus, despite being based mostly on common sense and his political and ideological convictions, the decisions made by Robert Manfred, as well as his opinion concerning the Major League boycotting the entire state, seems to have been shaped by his understanding of the nuances of the sport. Reference Vincent, F. (2021). Rob Manfred’s all-star error. The Wall Street Journal .
According to Sachs (2015), one of the most significant challenges of sustainable cities is the high ecological footprint. Due to the world population, the ecological footprint exceeds the earth’s bio-capacity by 50% (Sachs, 2015). This means that the planet cannot sustain the number of people on it currently. Many natural resources have been exploited for this reason. Additionally, the high ecological footprint has led to other challenges such as global warming. Sachs (2015) argues that a perfect balance between the ecological footprint and bio-capacity ensures proper absorption of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The imbalance goes further to explain why global warming is a big challenge today. Simon (2016) suggests that to resolve the highlighted problem, cities have to reduce their fossil fuel usage. Indeed, such a reduction would also significantly lower the ecological footprint of that particular city. A second challenge to attaining sustainable cities is an overburdened ecosystem. Urbanization plays a prominent role in ecosystem sustainability. The UAE has some of the most urban cities in this day and age. Dubai has some of the tallest buildings in the world that were built using high technology. This, added to the extensive mining of oil in the region, has led to an imbalance between the ecosystem and biodiversity (Sachs, 2015). To resolve the challenge, the UAE has put in place plans to develop sustainable cities, such as the Masdar Eco-City in Abu Dhabi. Theoretically, this eco-city will have very low carbon emissions supporting a healthy ecosystem and lowering the ecological footprint at the same time. A third challenge of attaining Goal 11 of the SDGs is political goodwill and investment. Simon (2016) notes that ensuring all cities in the world are sustainable is an expensive task. Thus, political goodwill and money are needed to bo
Problem In the modern world, plastic has penetrated almost everywhere: hygiene products and food are packed into it, car parts, phones, computers, and even chewing gum are made of it. While we are told about plastic recycling, students should be aware that waste will never produce the same material – maximum products of lower quality that can no longer be recycled. Of the 30 million tons of plastic waste in the United States in 2009, only 7% were sent for recycling, which primarily damages marine life (Wilcox et al. 11901). The rest ended their life cycle in garbage heaps on beaches, rivers, and oceans (De Wolff 36). This creates problems such as trash islands floating in the Pacific. In addition, plastic is made using crude oil, which means that the problem with fossil fuels also applies here. Solution Reduce the consumption of plastics is beneficial, but sometimes difficult to access due to the insecurity of food storage and lack of convenience. However, it is possible to avoid unnecessary packaging or choose environmentally friendly alternatives. The growing demand for plastic-free products, in turn, will force companies to redesign their products. Raising consumer awareness of the environmental impact of their choices is a long-term strategy (Liboiron 98). Therefore, KSU students should organize on-campus events that will promote eco-friendly alternatives. It can be provided through formal education: in schools, universities, or non-formal – news, videos. Interest in environmental issues is growing and supported by free online courses, lectures, and events, thematic mobile applications. Plastic materials are not biodegradable, which makes them toxic and highly detrimental to marine animals (Bergmann et al. 297). It is necessary to evaluate the life cycle of the product and packaging – this helps to identify ways to improve the environmental parameters of products at different stages of their use. Works Cited Bergmann, Melanie, et al. “Sea Change for Plastic Pollution.” Nature , vol. 554, no. 1, 2017, pp. 297-298. De Wolff, Kim. “Plastic Naturecultures: Multispecies Ethnography and the Dangers of Separating Living from Nonliving Bodies.” Body & Society , vol. 23, no. 3, 2017, pp. 23-47. Liboiron, Max. “Redefining Pollution and Action: The Matter of Plastics.” Journal of Material Culture , vol. 21, no. 1, 2016, pp. 87-110. Wilcox, Chris, et al. “Threat of Plastic Pollution to Seabirds is Global, Pervasive, and Increasing.” PNAS , vol. 112, no. 38, 2015, pp. 11899-11904.
With the outburst of the economic development in the preceding century, the companies, especially those operating on the regional and international scales, started looking for ways of improving performance. As years passed by, they found that resourcing talent within organizations is one of the best methods of increasing the effectiveness of economic activities. Resourcing talent in organizations inevitably leads to workforce diversity. From the economic perspective attracting and retaining a diverse workforce has some organizational benefits (Nelson & Quick, 2012). First of all, it leads to employing the most talented and skilled people that undoubtedly positively affect the organizations’ performance. Second, if a company attracts and retains a diverse workforce, it entails diversification of marketing strategies because of bringing people with different historical, cultural, and ethnical backgrounds allowing for deepening the understanding of the market in different countries. Third, bringing together employees from all over the world, the company becomes more creative and innovative in its activities because the most talented of them always contribute to creating the strategies for further development in the global arena. Fourth, together with helping understand the market needs of people from different countries and adding to the company’s innovativeness and creativity, those with diverse backgrounds help improve the problem-solving mechanism by sharing their experience. And finally, attr
Introduction Harmony between man and land is represented by conservation. The propaganda on conservation has been going on for nearly a century. It still goes on at a snail’s pace. Progress convention oratory and letterhead devoutness consist the commitment and progress that has been promised for decades. The ideology that the population should obey the law, vote the right people, practice profitable conservation on ones land and the government will do the rest does not yield any fruits unless the leaders have conviction. The call fails to differentiate between right and wrong, fails to call for sacrifice, does not dispense any responsibility and does not mean any alteration in the modern-day thinking of values. With respect to land use, the ideology only urges enlightened self-interest (Leopold n.p.). When the Wisconsin’s top soil continuously slipped seaward, it was clear for all that the land was loosing its value ecologically; that the land pyramid had been interfered with, substitute for land and ecological conscience were lacking. This paper explores the ecological situation in the Dominican Republic to establish how human action affects the environment for better or for worse. For the Dominican Republic, actions that were taken helped the country to preserve the environment by instituting several new measures. These actions have created a major difference between the Republic and Haiti, which is literally a desert of poverty although both countries were largely forested. Case study from Collapse The Dominican Republic borders Haiti on the Caribbean Island. The 120 mile long border that divides the two countries appears to have been literally cut with a knife due to the difference in environment between the two countries. The difference is brought about by the actions the countries’ leaders and citizens took or failed to take to preserve the environment. Today, the Dominican Republic is covered by 28 percent of forest (Diamond 220). Even the richest farmlands between Santiago and Santo Domingo have thick woodlands. The Republic has been impacted by deforestation just like any other country around the world. The existence of the forest is attributed to democracy presented by the 1978 presidential elections. This resulted in the defeat of the incumbent dictator. The country had previously been ruled by dictators who threatened the countries environment through deforestation. Th
Introduction Employees are increasingly moving freely from one employer to another. According to the Work Institute 2019 Retention Report, a staggering 27 out of every 100 workers in the country exited their current workplaces in 2018. These results are confirmed by a recent Bureau of Labor Statistics (2020) report which indicated a steady increase in the total quits rate for all industries, rising from 23.7% in 2015 to 27.9% in 2019. These alarming statistics demonstrate that high turnover rates remain a serious concern in many corporate entities in the country. This report presents a critical review of a broad range of information sources to determine factors that contribute to high turnover and effective strategies for improving retention efforts. Review Focus This critical review focused on existing literature on employee turnover. Employee turnover is the measure of workers who quit their work over a specified period. It is attributed to multiple issues, including job dissatisfaction, poor performance, redundancy, and organizational restructuring (Rubenstein et al., 2019). The appalling cost of staff turnover informed the decision to examine this subject matter. Recent data showed that U.S. organizations losing startling $617 billion to staff quits in 2018, 78% of which were avoidable. The cost of losing one employee was estimated to be $15,000 (Work Institute, 2019). Furthermore, a CIPD survey identified other trends, including persistent skills shortages, intense war for top talent, and recruiting difficulties in key areas. These challenges provide a strong case for exploring the causes and interventions for high turnover costs. The concern on employee turnover affects Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) in various ways. First, as Kim et al. (2017) note, when employees constantly leave a workplace, they affect the organizational culture. This can be either in a positive or negative light. It is prudent to point out that ADNOC has been associated with poor treatment of its employees, thereby supporting the premise that many employees leave the organization due to issues such as low pay and inappropriate working environment (Lee et al., 2017). Organizational culture is critical in the profitability and productivity of a company and its workforce. The management of ADNOC has to consider lowering their turnover by resolving some of the issues that make the staff leave in the first place. For example, issues of motivation can be resolved through both monetary and non-monetary activities. The right policies have to be incorporated into the human resource policy for this to work seamlessly. The fast change also means that the company s
People are different not only because of their appearances, habits, preferences, and behaviors but also because of their definite ethnic characteristics. It is important to note that the role of ethnicity as the significant factor of the individual’s development associated with the person’s identity can be discussed from several different perspectives which are the personal identity, the fact of belonging to a definite community, and the position in the society. From this point, the question of ethnicity is closely connected with the concepts of identity and race. Ethnicity can be discussed with references to the national identity, and this aspect can influence the individual’s position within the certain society positively, negatively or it can have no obvious effects. Although the fact of belonging to a definite ethnic group can influence the individual’s position in the society in a different way, it is necessary to state that ethnicity should be discussed as the influential factor only with references to its role in the personal and social interactions. Race is the general notion in relation to which the world population is differentiated according to some biological characteristics. However, race as well as ethnicity can be discussed as predominantly social notions. According to Cornell and Hartmann, “races … are not established by some set of natural forces but are products of human perception and classification. They are social constructs” (Cornell and Hartmann 23). In this case, ethnicity which is based on the definite culture, history, language, religion, customs, and traditions helps determine the social identities and divide people in ‘we’ and ‘others’ (Cornell and Hartmann). Many people agree that sometimes this kind of differentiation can lead to conflicts between the representatives of various ethnic groups which are caused by stereotypes and prejudice and by the inability to accept the differences. Many modern societies are multiethnic that is why it is important to concentrate on the role of ethnicity in their development. Ethnicity can be discussed as an individual and collective notion. Today, people are involved in a lot of social circles which can include the representatives of different ethnic groups. The studies support the fact that members of a family often belong to one ethnic group, but when spouses are the representatives of different ethnic group the role of their ethnicity become significant for the spouses’ personal development and as the aspect of children’s upbringing. Thus, ethnicity as the concept of an individual’s identity which develops in family does not provoke conflicts because it is taken-for-granted. The different situation can be observed while discussing ethnicity as the collective notion. Ethnicity explicitly defines the interpersonal relations when it is associated with a kind of racial discrimination. Thus, many yo
Attitudes to the moral aspects of economic ambition differ a lot. This issue is controversial and produces numerous discussions. It is difficult to determinate the only righteous position concerning this topic even within one culture, country, or religious community. In his famous speech on economic matters, Gandhi mentioned Jesus’ claim that it is impossible to serve God and material prosperity at the same time (Austin 564). However, the notion of wealth-seeking as incompatible with spiritual salvation is not accepted worldwide. Christianity and Islam are the world’s largest religions. Studying the nature of official attitudes to wealth seeking in Christianity and Islam should be based on the analysis of the Holy Scriptures these religions fully rely on. Though there are various opinions on wealth creation in the Christian community, the one that defines attempts to attain wealth as an obstacle to faith is the most grounded and commonly accepted one. Islam tolerates and encourages wealth seeking, and seems to be more compatible with economic ambition. The attitude of Christianity to wealth-seeking Main features of the religion Christianity is the most prevalent religion in the world. The number Christians reaches nearly 2 billion people. This religion is monotheistic, as it preaches the oneness of God. It is Abrahamic, as it originated from the spiritual tradition created by Abraham. The life and teachings of Jesus Christ created the basics of Christianity. Christians believe that Jesus from Nazareth is the Son of God and the savior of humanity. His advent was predicted in the Old Testament. Three main broad divisions in Christianity include Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, and Protestantism. The Bible reveals the basis of the Christian faith. The most significant event in the Bible is the resurrection of Christ. Jesus is proclaimed to have a divine origin, and salvation is possible only through him. He came to this world and died to pay for our sins. His sacrifice gave us access to heaven. The Holy Trinity is another important concept stated in the Bible. God is viewed as three essences: the Son, the Father, and the Holy Spirit. The Christian doctrine includes belief in the sanctity of the church and the communion of saints. Christians are waiting for the second advent of Christ and the Day of Judgment. Attitudes to the wealth-seeking expressed in the Bible Now, we will talk about the attitude of the wealth-seeking expressed in the Bible. As there are different branches of Christianity and