ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Background information Towards the end of the 20th century, black women from the US formed different movements to campaign for social justice. Due to numerous social issues such as class, racism, and sexism, black women began campaigning for justice and fair treatment in society (White, 2011). Led by Alice Walker, Patricia Hill Collins, and others, black women’s movements called for the liberation of a black woman (Collins, 2000). According to these feminists, the liberation of a black woman would be the first step towards freedom from oppression, issues of class, racism, and sexism (White, 2011). In this research paper, I will provide a personal story about a black woman and describe how she has changed society. I will also highlight how the black woman’s work and experiences have influenced me. The black feminist movements saw the liberation of black women from slavery and discrimination as freedom for all women (White, 2011). In fact, black women had to fight the rigid male domineering system as well as the general discrimination from white Americans (White, 2011). African American women who worked in plantations as slaves faced numerous challenges such as gender stereotypes, sexism, and discrimination (White, 2011). According to White (2011), Black women had many responsibilities both in their homes and in society, which denied them their true sense of womanhood. To liberate themselves, Black women formed activist groups to help them gain their position in society. My personal experience Ethnicity study has helped me to understand issues that are pronounced issues in real-life situations. A good example is the role of phonetic variation within the racial category. By studying ethnicity, I have understood how cultural stereotype affects and influence social perception, especially among Black Americans. In addition, I have understood “color complex” issues. There is a hidden topic of racial discrimination among African Americans, which plays a big role in cultural stereotypes and social perception. On the other hand, the numerous challenges that black American women have faced and their achievements have helped me to understand and appreciate them. A number of Black women have inspired my life greatly because of what they have achieved despite the numerous struggles that they have undergone. Tyra Banks is one of my role models. I believe that feminist activists such as Alice Walker and Deborah Gray White, among others, have highly contributed to the empowerment of modern Black women. Tyra Banks has been an influential media personality despite being an African-American. Mainly, Tyra Banks has Eurocentric features enabling her to influence both Blacks and Whites. This is because variation in skin tone affects social and psychological outcomes. Among African Americans, there are two categories of skin tone: light-skinned and dark-skinned Blacks (Russell, Midge, and Hall, 1993). Blacks with lighter skin and Eurocentric features are more preferred than those with Afro-centric features are. Tyra Banks, as a black woman, has made great achievements in life despite her ethnicity. As am
Each substance is characterized by unique density values, which are determined by the atomic and molecular structure of objects. It should be admitted that the density is traditionally defined as the mass of the sample under study divided by the volume it occupies in space. Nevertheless, the phenomenon of density is characteristic not only for solids — liquids, gaseous substances, and vapors also have their densities. For this reason, if a mixture of substances presented in different aggregate states is created, it will be divided into fractions. This situation is typical for flasks in which corn syrup, colored water, vegetable oil, pieces of aluminum foil, steel nut, and peppercorn are mixed. During the experiment, it is not difficult to notice that the mixture was divided into layers, as shown in Figure 1. This is because all components have different densities: those with higher values are located in the lower layers. Figure 1. An example of what the mixture looks like after mixing all the components Solid components find themselves on different layers due to the buoyancy force. This force represents the weight of the displaced liquid, according to Archimedes’ principle. At the same time, the location in the mixture depends directly on the mass of the solid — the more substantial the object, the lower it drops. Thus, a black peppercorn can “freeze” in a particular area, because a balance is achieved between the buoyancy force and the weight of the pepper. The steel nut is extremely heavy, more massive than all liquid layers, so it sinks to the lowest point. Finally, the aluminum foil was on the water surface because the surface density of the material is lower than the water density: as a result, the buoyancy force is higher than the foil weight. Water and air have a molecular structure — these matters consist of tiny elements that continuously move in space called molecules. As a rule, the fluctuations of molecules are not subject to known regularities and are generally chaotic, although their intensity can be controlled by a person. If it is necessary to make molecules of objects move faster, it is possible to transfer to them a part of external energy — for example, heat. On the contrary, to slow down the chaotic motion, it is possible to take energy from molecules by cooling the environment. In a laboratory experiment, when a blown ball is over ice water, the kinetic energy of the molecules’ fluctuations is transferred to the water. According to the law of thermodynamics, heat is transferred from warm bodies to less warm ones: in this case, the air of the ball was hotter, so the energy was transferred to the ice water. That
Introduction Over the last few decades, the mobile phone industry has been flourishing (Michael & Salter 2008, p. 67). Unlike in the manufacturing industry, the effects of the recession have had insignificant impacts on the sector. As such, unemployment was not witnessed in the sector like in the manufacturing sector. The above illustrations indicate that the future of the mobile phone industry is thriving. Mobile marketing manager Mobile marketing managers are required to supervise initiatives aimed at delivering fine mobile experiences for consumers. As a mobile marketing manager, an individual will be in charge of mobile consumer acquisition promotions, collaborate with the major parties in the industry to supervise the regular promotion on mobile, and have authority over the mobile product roadmap (Vesa 2005, p. 32). Equally, a mobile marketing manager will be required to evaluate the efficiency of mobile marketing promotions, collaborate with the mobile product experts, come up with innovative tools and functionalities, and collaborate with the mobile retail team to supervise the development and use of mobile applications. To be a mobile marketing manager, an individual should possess the attributes indicated below. One should have a degree in business or related courses, 3 years of experience in marketing, and 2 years of experience in internet marketing (Gruber 2005, p. 86). Similarly, an individual should have adequate experience in marketing promotions concerning phone applications and phone websites. Phone application developer Mobile phone application developers convert software instructions into applicable programming codes. Equally, a mobile phone application developer is required to keep up and come up with corporate programs (Fitzek & Reichert 2007, p. 37). Usually, application developers concentrate on a particular development field. The fields may include phone applications or office software. Based on the above illustrations, it is apparent that application developers must possess in-depth knowledge of computer programming languages. Phone application developers do not only work in the mobile phone industry but also in a broad range of business sectors (Haseman 2012, p. 12). As such, the experts work hand in hand with IT experts. To be a phone application developer, an individual should be skilled in programming languages such as C, C++, Java, and Objective C (Betts 2010, p. 12). Also, developers should be acquainted with writing tools such as UI design. When potential mobile phone developers have acquired the above skills, they should select the platform they would like to concentrate (Zhou 2011, p. 67). Personal skill matches Personal attributes I am an easygoing, hardworking, good communicator, confident, creative, and open-minded individual. I can work as an individual. Equally, I can work in a team. Based on
Introduction The political work accomplished by Billie Holiday is manifested in the fact that the performance was designed to address the hate and racism, which was prevalent during that time. Many people preferred to ignore such messages and were more adherent to the universal and neutral songs. However, Holiday was highly persistent in spreading the message, even if it meant that she would be hit by harsh criticism. Her overall obsession with the mission of addressing these issues resulted in major changes in the American popular culture, where the latter begins to contain the critical aspects of resistance and protest. This allowed artists and performers not only to entertain the public but also to raise the key problems of society. At first glance, the United States seems to be a relatively monolithic country, but many problems, ethnic, religious, social, and racial contradictions lie in its depths. Using the example of the modern United States, one can see how these moods manifest themselves in the current political situation. The racial issue has always occupied a central place in American history. A modern melting pot cannot exist without conflict. The more contacts occur between groups and not only ethnic ones, the more differences between these groups, the stronger the conflict. With the abolition of slavery, racism has not disappeared, but only changed its form in the form of segregation. Officially, racial discrimination was entrenched with the abolition of slavery with the adoption of an amendment to the US Constitution. American society is divided into whites and people of a different color. Schools, public transport, various social sectors were divided by skin color. The song of Angela Davis Moreover, it is important to note that Billie Holiday can be considered as one of the pioneers of such change. Angela Y. Davis states: “Her use of this work in her career helped dismantle the opposition, firmly entrenched until she sings of this song, between fame and commercial success on the one hand and social consciousness in music on the other”. This means that the performer was able to significantly advance the African American community’s interests of acquiring their rights and freedom in the face of racism. In addition, the song increased the recognition of the horrors of lynching, which resulted in the deaths of many Black people. The author
The topic of supermax prisons leads to very controversial discussions with thousands of backers on both sides. This emerging issue drags more and more attention as it represents a list of significant drawbacks. There are those who believe supermax prisons should be disbanded as they pursue inhuman policies against the prisoners. However, there are many others who think that the abovementioned prisons are necessary for safety reasons. Personally, I believe that supermax prisons should not be cancelled completely, yet they may undergo substantial reforms to meet the requirements of humanity. First and foremost, such facilities benefit from being able to provide better safety for the society, as they allow taking the riskiest inmates away from other prisons which are not suited to handle such cases. Moreover, such institutions provide solitary confinement and higher quantity and qualification of guards, leading to a smaller chance of inmates dealing any harm to each other. Furthermore, applying individual approach allows monitoring every prisoner on a better scale. Finally, fear of going to the supermax prison may prevent possible violent crimes in some cases. On the other hand, there are multiple reasons supermax prisons require restructuring. The first reason is that Supermax are extremely costly, as they involve higher numbers of guards as well as take more space and require expensive safety mechanisms. Second, such prisons conduct inhuman punishment and conditions leading to the development of inmate’s physical and mental health disorders. Additionally, there are almost no rewards for good behavior and no correctional aspect. Conclusively, I believe that even though supermax prisons are needed to isolate high-risk prisoners, a list of significant changes should be applied to such facilities. The guards should get higher qualification to be able to make adequate decisions and actions. The main purpose of such prisons should be isolation and safety leading to correction instead of destruction of personal character or mental and physical harm.
Introduction Loosely based on the 1927 novel Oil written by Upton Sinclair, There Will Be Blood shot by Paul Thomas Anderson is a movie that depicts people and their personalities. The setting of the movie takes place on the West Coast oil fields at the beginning of the nineteenth century where Daniel Plainview, the oil prospector, becomes very rich and then has to pay the price for his fortune. The following analysis of the film will show the relationship between the presentation form of There Will Be Blood and its story. Narrative From the very beginning of the movie, the viewer can be certain that he or she is into something unique and unusual. The first ten minutes do not feature any dialogues instead Anderson chose to show several sequences that depict Daniel Plainview’s journey from the silver miner into and greedy businessman, accompanied by the electronic score performed by Johnny Greenwood. The first dialogue lines of the film and then, subsequently, the last lines of the film, belong to Plainview (“Critical Analysis: There Will Be Blood” par. 3). Despite the fact that the narrative of the film follows the rise and the fall of a businessman, it is far from the typical “poor boy made good” ideology since the main character is not a good or moral person in any sense, regardless of the admirable traits of his character. In addition, there can be traced some similarities to the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche since Plainview also critiques Christian ideologies (Murray par. 2). Cinematography When it comes to the cinematographic analysis of There Will Be Blood , there is a clear contrast between dark and light tones that enhance the overall tone of loneliness and fear. Paul Thomas Anderson chose to use the juxtaposition of darkness and light to make sure that the scenes remain the memory of viewers like “frozen flashlight trails” (Stephenson par. 10). The majority of the scenes in There Will Be Blood were shot using high-speed anamorphic lenses on the Panavision XL camera and thirty-five-millimeter film. At all costs, the director avoided using zoom lenses and preferred to use although more expensive but slower setups. For shooting the scenes with fire, the director was keen on using real fire and the reverse the shots of actors watching it burn. The heat from the real flames was no doubt felt by actors and encouraged a much more detailed and physical performance (Picone par. 14). Mise-En-Scène Paul Thomas Anderson showed the mentalities and characteristics of the two main characters of the movie, Eli Sunday and the already mentioned Daniel Plainview. Eli Sunday is depicted as the false prophet and a charlatan that uses Christian doctrines to go through life with lies and crafty schemes. Plainview is a hardworking although brute businessman that stands out due to his hatred towards humanity. To analyze the
The females have played an important role in the artistic field and yet for a long period this significant contribution has been assumed. Females have contributed equally to the males in the development and enrichment of the field of art. However, the poor position of the women in the society led to less recognition of these significant contributions of the females. There has been a long-held assumption that all the artistic works of the prehistoric period were developed by male artists (Shubitz, n.d). For a long time, it has been passed on to new generations that great arts were men’s products and females who managed to develop similar products were just replicating the artistic works that had been developed by the male artists before. In fact, several of good works by the female artists of this time were attributed to their male relatives or teachers as the females were considered incapable of developing the good works (Shubitz, n.d). The visibility of the females in the field of art was evident throughout the Middle Ages but declined in the succeeding period. In the beginning of the period of Renaissance (1450-1600 A.D) a lot of restrictions were placed on the women that saw the Western society witness a decline and invisibility of female artists (Palmer, 2011). However, despite these discouraging and blockading restrictions for female development in the field of art, a good proportion of the female artists managed to carve out professions in this male-dominated world. This increasing trend was observed throughout the second half of the 17 th century up to the end of the 18 th century. Therefore, the 18th century saw female artistic works became of great interest in the society. The female artists overcame the baseless restrictions to contribute significantly to the cultural production of the Western Society. The trend continued into the nineteenth and twentieth centuries with the increased fight for improved position of the women in the society. The feminist movements of the 1970s have contributed greatly to improving the position of the women in the society so that they could receive recognition of their artistic works (Shubitz, n.d). The women have yet another battle of improving their image and position as just artists to being considered as individuals of integrity and relative identities. Furthermore, several female artists emerged between the mid 18 th century and the early 19 th century. Some of the female artists of these period include Adélaïde Labille-Guiard (1749-1803) Louise Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun (1755- 1842) and Anne Vallayer-Coster (1744- 1818). Adélaïde Labille-Guiard concentrated on the development of miniatures, pastels, and oil paintings whereas Le Brun was recognized for her Rococo and portrait paintings. Anne Vallayer-Coster on her part was a still life painter. This paper focu
Abstract Operations management is a branch of management that deals with operational activities in an organization. This research has been undertaken to discuss operations management and its application in oil and gas industry. The paper is written using secondary sources to discuss the scope of operations management. Introduction Operations management is a branch of management that deals with the designing and supervision of operational processes in a business organization. Operations management covers the responsibility over all processes that involve the production of goods and services as well as the delivery of such productions to the final consumers. In its duties, an operations management department ensures that processes are planned for and executed in an efficient and effective way to satisfy the needs of the organization and its customers. This paper seeks to discuss concepts of operations management. The paper will look into the history, functions, case studies, advantages, disadvantages and factors that affect the department among others. The paper will then look into the operations management’s involvement in oil and gas companies. Operations Management Business enterprises entail the provision of goods and services to their immediate customers. For the finished goods or offered services to be available to consumers in a state that will satisfy the needs and desires of the consumers, measures must be undertaken by the producing organization to ensure that quality, quantity as well as the time frame of the production is appropriate with respect to the demands of consumers. Meeting the needs of consumers is, however, a process that begins with the search for raw materials which are then processed to be goods and finally supplied to the consumers. Processes of activities such as extraction of raw materials or resources, their transportation, their processing and their final distribution involve operational activities. It is the move to supervise and manage these activities that derives the basis of operations management. Operations management ensures “effective management of resources and activities that produce or deliver goods and services of any business” (Sox 1). Operations management therefore involves the management of “people, materials, equipments and information resources that a business may need” (Sox 1) in its daily activities. The department thus outlines and then manages all that pertains to the production of goods and services. The operations management is actually dominant in almost every stage of any given supply chain and is diverse with a variety of titles that at time can include “production planner, inventory manager, logistics manager, procurement manager and supply chain manager” (Sox 1) among others. History of Operations Management The history of operations management stems all the way back to the eighteenth century. In th
Introduction: Obedience The present day society has uncalculated into us that being obedient is good while being disobedient is very bad. Our social institutions have taught us that we have to obey people in every order or command that has been issued out to us without any question. Even without being told, people have to be obedient to the rules, laws and guidelines that have been set out by social institutions to ensure that there is peace and harmony in the society. This goes without saying that obedience is a human behavior that has been deeply ingrained within us. It has become an impulsive behavior that goes beyond being emphatic and sympathetic. Social beings are prone to being obedient to a higher authority that makes them feel protected and secure. They therefore cannot make any mistakes or be disobedient to these authorities as they make the most vital decisions. These higher authorities include the government, law enforcement agencies and social institutions such as churches, schools and medical facilities. All these institutions are guided by moral, ethical and legal guidelines that ensure their practices have been followed and maintained within the society. Social beings are therefore expected to obey these guidelines to ensure their well beings have bee met adequately by these institutions. The thesis statement for this research paper will be “The courage to be disobedient at times is what makes us fully human, with a strong and confident personality”. The thesis statement basically supports the notion that disobedience in social beings makes them stronger and more confident when faces life challenges. Most social proponents might argue against this statement by saying that being disobedient does not only make a person to be confident or stronger but it also fosters an attitude of negativity and disobedience. They might also argue that disobedience creates an environment of hostility and rebellion within the society. Such proponents of social behavior argue for obedience when it comes to maintain a positive social equilibrium within the society. The research paper will therefore look at the aspect of obedience as well as of disobedience in social beings. The three arguments that will be