ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
To sum up the observation of the advanced level Vocabulary lesson, I want to discuss the most successful parts of the lesson and focus on the unsuccessful practices implemented by the teacher in my next entry. Since a journal is not only something that retells what happened in a lesson but also a written response to teaching events, discussing the teaching process helps outline the most significant insights about teaching (Richards & Lockhart, 1994, p. 7). I would like to comment on the use of word walls in the lesson as a visual support for new vocabulary learning. This method of organization of words into themes assisted the students in attributing meanings to new words instead of just seeing the random sequence of words on the board. New vocabulary acquisition was faster than I anticipated; the students were divided into groups and given a specific set of words to make a short story with. By using new words in a familiar context, students were inspired to create stories to share with their classmates. I think that the word wall organization strategy has been the most successful part of the vocabulary-teaching lesson since it made the learning process interactive. Having discussed the most successful strategy implemented by the teacher in the previous entry, today I want to focus on the most unsuccessful one. After the lesson, I was able to interview some students and ask them about the techniques their teacher used. Most of them underlined the morphology technique the most boring. I have to agree with them since I noticed a decline in their energy when the teacher offered it during the lesson. Being popular in vocabulary teaching, the morphology techniques means explaining new words by dividing them into parts. Since the students are at the advanced level of vocabulary learning, they saw no point in it. Understanding new words and remembering them was much more effective with the use of the word wall strategy that offered instant visualization. Despite being easy for students, the morphology technique did not bring anything new as well as did not challenge the efforts of students to be creative and innovative when it comes to vocabulary learning. Since I have forgotten to talk about the teacher-student interaction during the lesson. In my opinion, the relationship that exists between students and teachers can go a long way and solve some issues that arise. After observing the lesson, I have to underline the fact that the behavior of the students fully reflected the attitude of the teacher towards the tasks provided in the lesson. For example, the teacher was quite unenthusiastic while explaining the morphological structure of new words hence the lack of enthusiasm reflected on the behavior of the students that were respectful of the teacher and sat through the explanations. As discussed in my first entry, the word wall technique that was followed with dividing students into groups with assigned creative tasks elevated the atmosphere. The teacher encouraged students to use new words in the most un
Introduction Put forth by Pierre Bourdieu, practise theory is a hypothesis whose agenda is to present people’s actions by way of using their actions or rather practices as the key elements of research. More precisely, the theory seeks “to liberate agency – the human ability to act upon and change the world –from the constrictions of structuralist and systemic models while avoiding the trap of methodological individualism” (Coser, 1977). As the paper reveals, the theory has adapted and adopted the views of other renowned theorists such as Karl Marx, Max Weber, and Durkheim. Practice theory from Karl Marx’s perspective Max looks at the society from the perspective of adjusting systems of authority that are not natural in a way presents them as natural. To the society, such kinds of unnatural power systems must be made to appear as if they are organic and or part of the process of unstoppable civilisation. Marx argues that the conscience of the society is formed through economic determinism. This view has always covered the reality from the sight of the society. Marx views the society from a point of capitalism. The society has naturally made the unnatural economic order to appear natural. On this basis, it is divided into the owners of production means and the labourers. Marx is for the opinion that this state of affairs is just the same as the previous feudal system of existence in the society. According to Wilson (1978), the same war-like system of existence has overly been repeated by the current societies. This situation has been emphasised to the point of making it look like it is a normal process and that society should never question it. According to Coser (1977, p. 218), the society is shaped by the economic system that it adopts. Congruent with to Marx’s view of the practice theory, it will always try to enforce this rule and or make it look like it is unquestionable. In fact, in most cases, this tradition is adopted through coercive means. Surprisingly, even religious and educational systems have adopted this trend. The message in churches, mosques, and schools conform to this system of beliefs and ideas. Capitalism roots its ideology in exploitation of the citizens by enhancing the repetition of this trend and the passage of the same to the next generations. Due to capitalism, the rich class of people continue to become richer while the poor class becomes poorer. Marx affirms this gap as the reason behind the continued growth of a capitalistic society. The capitalistic society becomes trans-generational and keeps on being reproduced (Coser 1977, p.222). Through the practice theory, Marx explains that capitalism is inculcated in the soci
General overview of the article The article was published in 2006 following a research spanning over one year in Quebec Province, Canada, attempting to investigate the role of a mentor in the process of a person’s assumption of criminal life. It derives information from previous studies on other occupations that suggest similar roles of a mentor. Research problem and hypothesis/question The researchers argue that in career field, the role of a mentor is evidently one of the most significant factors that drive the career of an individual (Morselli, Tremblay and McCarthy 17). They use a number of studies to show how individual career programs and careers are developed through mentorship. From the study, it is evident that the current knowledge in career development recommends the young people to be under the influence of mentors in schools and other institutions in order to shape their career, skills and capabilities at the respective places of employment, which is based on evidence from empirical research. Nevertheless, the role of mentors in crime is not well understood from an empirical perspective. The researchers note that the dev
Dealing with stress makes one of the most important parts of a man’s life. To overcome the consequences of certain negative experiences, one has to work out a specific approach to the stressful situations that take place in his/her life. As Ciccarelli (2010) marked, “Stress can show itself in many ways.” (432). Personally, I experienced some stress over the past year. The first problem concerned the relationship between my mother and me. Being overloaded with numerous tasks to complete, I communicated with her less than I used to and felt that the wall between us was growing each day. The second thing to worry about was the fact that constant strain and the necessity to study harder had an effect on my physical health. It resulted in insomnia and even nausea. Thirdly, the strain within led to a change in my social behavior. I must admit that my style of socializing obtained a shade of aggression. Another stress that I had to face concerned the course. Once hesitating to ask about the issues that I failed to understand, I realized I could not progress in my studying. The last, but not the least problem has connected to the fact that I have recently had an opportunity to go to a popular resort, yet the news brought so many changes into my life and thrilled me into such a stir of emotions that this experience was rather unpleasant, mainly due to the turmoil about it. Although the problems described above might seem considerably easy to cope with for a detached observer, I found them rather serious. Since most of the time, I felt the exact symptoms of stress that Ciccarelli (2010) described, namely, “problems in concentration,, memory and decision making” (432); in addition, it appeared that Ciccarelli (2010) was right in claiming that “people under stress often lose their sense of humor” (432). It is necessary to mention that the problems described above affected my personal life greatly. Carrying the burden of stress, I became rather reserved and unwilling to socialize, which led to certain misconceptions among my friends and me. The first three problems affected both my social and personal life. Triggering conflicts with my family and friends, these misconceptions deprived me of the support that I used to have, the support of my family and friends. Even though the news concerning the opportunity to have rest in a popular resort was rather enticing, it brought the “wind of change” into my life, which made it undesirable and served as a stressor. Calling such nuisances “eustress”, to describe the feeling “which results from positive events that still make demands on a person to adapt or change” (433), Ciccarelli (2010) was completely right, claiming that they can cause as much harm to a man as the usual stressors. It must be admitted that
The victorious north passed four laws to promote peaceful cohabitation between the Blacks and the Southern Whites. The first law was the 13th Amendment in 1865, which abolished slavery. According to lecture 14, “Congress also sought to define the rules of cohabitation between whites and Blacks in a non-slave society.” The second was the Civil Rights Act in 1866, which instituted equal protection rights under the law, and “this was the beginning of the legal reconstruction” (Lecture 14). McKenna’s post reveals that after President Grant was elected as the President of the United States, his first step of conflict resolution was the “readmission of Georgian politicians of color” (Moffett, 2016). The third law was the 14th Amendment in 1868, which granted the blacks citizenship, and, according to lecture 14, it was “a reversal of the order before the civil war.” This made the blacks feel a part of the country but not foreigners or exceptions anymore. Moreover, binding up the wounds of the nation would have been my primary goal. Besides, I would have passed the above three laws to ensure a unified country since slavery was a major dividing factor.
Identification of the Health Establishment I have chosen for this assignment Impatient Rehabilitation Center (IRS), which offers the services, which include physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology, common diagnosis, and specialized care services ( Virginia Hospital Center , 2015). In this instance, this company is one of the primary providers of its activity due to its wide focus and area coverage. Nonetheless, occupational therapy services were chosen as the primary aspects of the life-cycle analysis, since they provide the most relevant approaches to the maintenance of the relationship with the patients. In turn, it is also one of the essential services in the rehabilitation practices due to the ability to utilize this therapy in different cases. It remains evident that it helps people to adapt to the living after having a significant number of physical or psychological trauma ( Virginia Hospital Center , 2015). Speaking of the service life cycle, it could be said that it is located in the growth stage due to the growing popularity of this service among the different members of the society. Nevertheless, it could be said that it is close in achieving the maturation stage due to the cultivation of various alternatives to the hospital occupational therapy such as online treatment (Hoffmann, Desha, & Verrall, 2011). However, these practices were not reported as being efficient since the occupational therapy is highly focused on having the direct contact with the patients. The online practices do not provide the desired effects since they do not involve direct interactions between people (Hoffmann, Desha, & Verrall, 2011). In the end, the ability to enhance the delivery of this service will improve the quality of the services in this rehabilitation center and cultivate the trusting relationship with the members of the society and medical sphere. Suggestion of the Strategy The occupational therapy is usually a requirement for the people, which cannot adapt to the normal living due to the progressing diseases and other factors such as stroke (Legg et al., 2007). It remains evident that occupational therapy helps return to the daily activities and maintain the quality of the life on the high level ( Virginia Hospital Center , 2015). It could be said that it is an essential element of the modern treatment due to its high applicability in different case scenarios. In turn, people have a tendency to seek for the solutions on the Internet due to its high availability. In this instance, focusing on the content marketing would be the most suitable solution since it will help attract the attention from the people, who require medical assistance. In this instance, focusing on the website development and social networking will help deliver the message to the customers. However, the website has to be interactive to cultivate the importance of the occupational therapy among younger users (Sicilla, Ruiz, & Munuera, 2005). As for the differential advantages, one of the examples is the ability of the company to become customer-centered in its marketing ideas by being close to the users of the service while interacting with them via
Introduction The state visit and the pompous reception of China’s president Hu Jintao to the US served to show how important the economies of these two countries are to each other. China has the capacity to produce and American has a ready market for its products and also enough money to invest in the Chinese economy. Many American investors in a move to have a share of China’s boom have put a lot of money in China’s business both big and small. In fact, many of these businesses are now trading on the US stock exchanges. The problem though is that some of these businesses seem to specialize in unacceptable business practice and end up ripping off investors. This practice was noted in two of the hottest Chinese stocks of 2009, Fuqi and Rhino international (Surowecki 1). Fuqi and Rhino International Fuqi and Rhino international were at one point number one and two on the top 100 list of the Investors Business Daily. An announcement made in 2010 by Fuqi claimed that the profits of the company had been overstated for a good part of the year 2009. Ten months afterwards the company has not presented any earning statement and therefore, it is not known whether it is making a profit or a loss. Rhino, on the other hand, has received criticism that its accounting is fraudulent and that the entire company is just a sham. It emerged that these allegations were indeed true when the company admitted that two of its manufacturing contracts never existed. This also meant that its financial statement was not reliable. The company lost its listing in NASDAQ after failing to be transparent in its financial details. So far its stock has dropped by 90% from its all-time high (Surowecki 1). Chinese Firms Chinese firms have earned a bad reputation in regard to openness of their financial details. This has forced S.E.C to carry out investigations in these stocks. It has emerged that many of these companies have two sets of revenue numbers, one is reported to S.E.C and the other is reported to Chinese authorities. Another problem that has been noted is tunneling, which is, using outside business to swindle the company. Some exe
Introduction Workforce management may be defined as an organizational process that enhances staff competency and performance levels. It provides a substantial range of practices and software to support executive management, store managers, front-line supervisors, and common employees across the company’s manufacturing, distribution, and retail operations. Workforce management includes such activities as human resource management, field service management, training management, recruitment, budgeting, scheduling, forecasting, and analytics. Human resource management is frequently regarded as a key element to the organization’s success as a substantial number of companies pay close attention to their employees. Moreover, the importance of training practices and the development of recruited employees for business growth cannot be denied. Effective training that develops professional skills, knowledge, and behavior requires well-defined schemes and a set of goals. This work examines and evaluates the efficacy of workforce management, especially the practices of recruitment, training, and development of McDonald’s corporation. Data was collected through the reliable works of scholars and the company’s official reports. The suggestions of the weak points’ improvement are provided as well. Brief History McDonald’s is a leading and valuable fast food corporation of international renown. This global foodservice retailer has approximately 34,000 restaurants in 119 countries and serves more than 69 million people every day (Mahajan 404). McDonald’s is one of the most distinguished international brands that “has spread its presence over the last 52 years” (Mahajan 404). Almost 80% of all McDonald’s restaurants in the world are open under the terms and conditions of franchising; they are owned and controlled by local individuals (Mahajan 404). The company was founded in 1955 from the opening of its first restaurant by Roy Croc in Des Plaines (Mahajan 404). At the present day, its headquarters and training facility named Hamburger University is located in Illinois (Mahajan 404). McDonald’s currently holds a leading share in the global segment of fast-food restaurants and the local market of almost every country where it conducts business. McDonald’s is traditionally recognized for its e
Introduction John Fontaine was born in 1693 to James Huguenot in England, where the family stayed as refugees. Huguenot, the father to John Fontaine, was a French refugee whose life was characterized by many travels and resettlements. He first settled at Devonshire, from where he moved to Ireland in the later years. While in Ireland, Huguenot successfully helped his son, John Fontaine, secure a post in the British Army, where Fontaine became a British army officer (Alexander, 3-8). The writing of “Journal of Fontaine” was done in four major phases. The four phases took the form of trips, travels and resettlements. Three of them were trips made to Virginia and one trip made to the city of New York. In his Journal, John Fontaine gave many of his references to the ancient settlers in the New York City and mostly in Virginia. His experiences with the settlers during the trips also impacted significantly in his writings (Alexander, 3-8). The Thesis Statement This paper seeks to review the work of John Fontaine, titled “The Journal of John Fontaine”. “An Irish Huguenot son in Spain and Virginia, 1710-1719”.The paper delves into the literature to find out to what extent does the “Journal of John Fontaine” help readers and historians understand and appreciate the history and development of the British America colonies. How much can historians learn from the work of John Fontaine, and to what extent has this journal contributed in perpetuating the American history and development. These are a few of the questions this essay attempts to address rather more candidly. The Three Virginia Expeditions For approximately four years, John Fontaine stayed in Virginia, with the exception of his journey of six Weeks to the City of New York. He explored the province of Virginia through a three tripped exploration. His first trip was to Germana in 1715.On his way to Germana, Fontaine had his very first experience with Indians. He also met a historian and a farmer, Robert Beverly. Together with an Indian friend he came across on his way, they lived for a while with Robert Beverly, from whom the two leant a few things in their lives (Alexander 11). Robert Beverly was a hardworking farmer in possession of large tracks of plantations and an exper
The letter of James F. Perry written in 1832 and addressed to Mr. Ferguson, Mr. Jones, and Mr. Campbell, bankers from Philadelphia, may be regarded as the highly significant primary source documents. It provides insight into a certain historical period of the United States. In his letter, Perry is focused on financial matters – he and Mr. Austin purchased land that was sold on credit by Mr. Gavock who wants to get his money for the arrangement. Perry explains to financiers the reasons why the money did not arrive at them in time and persuades the banker of his financial responsibility. James F. Perry was considered to be a prominent citizen and one of the early settlers of Texas. He was involved in the state’s land distribution and plans of the railroad construction in this territory. Regarding his letter, James F. Perry is a businessman who arrived in Texas due to potential trade opportunities and sales prospects in this area. Although his letter is related to specific business affairs, it provides significant information concerning political, social, economic, and cultural aspects of life in the region. In the 1830s, the economics of Texas was substantively influenced by the disturbing issue of land speculation. The land awarded to certain Americans as grants were sold and bought by partnerships. James F. Perry and Stephen F. Austin, the brother of his wife, were involved in Texas land distribution, and their participation is demonstrated by Perry’s letter that refers to the purchasing of land, as well. San Felipe de Austin mentioned by Perry at the beginning of his letter played a highly significant role in the political establishment of Texas. In 1821, Moses Austin, Stephen’s father, received a contract from the Spanish government that allowed him to establish a colony near the Brazos River with the main settlement named San Felipe de Austin. 1 Another significant political aspect that may be traced in the letter of Perry is the tension between Anglo-Americans and Mexicans. “The withdrawing of all the troops from our frontiers by the Santas Ana[sic] party” refers to the confrontation between the government of Antonio López de Santa Anna and Anglo –American volunteers. 2 As these circumstances negatively influenced the economic situation in the region, in his letter, Perry expects that the end of opposition and Mexican troops’ removal will encourage further economical development of Texas. In addition, the increasing amount of planted cotton and cattle, the construction of the railway road through the Texas territory, and sugar production stimulated the economical growth of the region as well. Concerning social and cultural aspects