ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Nowadays, it became a common practice, on the part of America’s top-ranking politicians/governmental officials, to praise the US because of this country’s sociocultural “uniqueness” – particularly concerning the ordinary citizens’ presumed ability to exert a powerful influence on the national body politic. Such a claim, however, does not hold much water. The reason for this is apparent – even a brief examination of America’s history will reveal that, just as it is the case in any other country, the essence of the interrelationship between the individual and the government in the US has never ceased being strongly reflective of the main provisions of the class-struggle (Marxism) theory, on one hand, and the intrinsic qualities of the ruling elites’ (White Anglo-Saxon Protestant/WASP) psycho type, on the other. In its turn, this implies that despite having undergone some cosmetic alterations, this interrelationship continues to remain essentially the same as it used to be in the late 19th century. In my paper, I will explore the validity of this suggestion at length. Body It is a well-known fact that the US takes pride in being considered a “nation of immigrants”. In its turn, this implies that regardless of what happened to be the specifics of a particular citizen’s ethnocultural/religious affiliation, he or she has the same right as everybody else to contribute to the discourse Americana. This, however, is far from being the case because, despite the enactment of the “multiculturalism” policy in the US during the late seventies, the concerned discourse even today has a strong Eurocentric (specifically White Anglo-Saxon Protestant) quality to it. Its main feature is concerned with the Protestant assumption that the richer is the person, the more he or she is favored by God – something that explains why the notion of the “American Dream” is often deemed synonymous with the notion of “material prosperity”. Among the discourse’s other notable characteristics can be mentioned its heavy embeddedness (even if informal) in male-chauvinism and the fact that its proponents often exhibit intolerance towards those who do not share their values. In this respect, we can refer to what used to be the late 19th century’s realities of the newly arrived Irish, Italian, and Eastern European immigrants trying to make the best of their lives in this country. First, these people were expected to conform to the Anglo-Saxo
Henry Peach Robinson and Peter Henry Emerson were two prominent pioneers in the art of photography of the 19th century. Both of them viewed the newly created form of image capture as a medium for the expression of art, but their views on the nature of the movement were radically different. Robinson adhered to older, classical ideas while Emerson attempted to promote a simplified approach unique to photography. Robinson viewed the new technology as an extension of the visual arts of the past. As such, he supported practices such as image combining, which allowed him to capture images that would not otherwise have been legible due to low-light scenarios. However, the approach also allowed the user to alter the contents of the photo to give them a more dramatic or exaggerated appearance. The results were similar to classical painting, where the artist could emphasize the parts he or she found interesting. Emerson took a more naturalistic approach, claiming that photographs were a more accurate representation of reality than any other art medium due to their ability to directly project reality onto the film. As such, he opposed any form of manipulation of the resultant images, including Robinson’s preferred practice. Nevertheless, Emerson considered photography art and not a simple reproduction, as it could represent real situations that the creator considered to have artistic value. The views of both Robinson and Emerson have continued their existence into the present day. Tools for image manipulation are potent and see widespread use, particularly in graphic d
The two major global competitors that the company faces include Steelcase Inc. and Herman Miller Inc. Steelcase is an office furniture provider that has specialized in manufacturing and selling furnishing products for workplaces. A SWOT analysis can be performed to understand the position of the dominant global companies, hence, the nature of the global furniture industry. Below is Steelcase’s SWOT analysis. Strengths                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Weaknesses                                                                                                                        * Strong brand image. Steelcase was founded in 1912 and has been associated with manufacturing high-quality products, thus, this has led it to dominating the global furniture industry (Steelcase, 2020).                         * Steelcase has a limited presence in retail and web-based sales channels (Steelcase, 2020).                                    * Wide product variety. Steelcase markets under Steelcase®, Designtex®, Coalesse®, Smith System®, Orangebox® PolyVision®, Turnstone®, and AMQ™. This has enabled it to establish a comprehensive product portfolio of furniture    * Dependence of sales on large multinational or regional companies                                                              * Steelcase has heavily invested in research into products, applications and experiences                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Threats                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Opportunities                                                                                                                     * The global office furniture industry is highly competitive, several other companies offering similar product categories.                                                                                                         * Expansion of the distribution network. There is still an opportunity for Steelcase to establish itself in emerging markets.   * Tariff changes in various countries                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Similarly, Herman Miller Inc. is a furniture manufacturing company dominating the global landscape. It is headquartered in Zeeland, Michigan (Herman Miller, 2019). Strengths
Subjective Data Client Complaints: The patient reports coughing for two weeks; there is shortness of breath and a slight fever. HPI: A dry night cough is observed for two weeks; the fever is observed for two days. The appetite is decreased. She is not able to breathe easily. PMH: The patient refused hospitalization because of possible pneumonia and found emphysema three months ago. She was prescribed to use inhalers, antibiotics, and Tylenol (650 mg, 2 PO) when necessary. She had asthma when being a child. She had a hysterectomy. The female has an allergy to sulfa drugs. Significant Family History: One of the patient’s sisters has osteoporosis, and the other sister has breast cancer. Social/Personal History: The patient is retired; she is a widow for 20 years; her income is stable. She follows a healthy diet, but she does not exercise enough. The female smokes regularly. Description of Client’s Support System: She communicates with grown-up daughters rarely, and she is not interested in community resources. A primary care provider visits her not often. Behavioral or Nonverbal Messages: The patient feels depressed; her level of anxiety is high because she is afraid of having lung cancer or heart diseases. Depressive symptoms have worsened. Client Awareness of Abilities, Disease Process, and Health Care Needs: The female has the limited knowledge regarding her pulmonary problems and the possible treatment. Objective Data Vital Signs including BMI: BP: 130/72 left arm; P: 100; R: 20; T: 101 °F; BMI = 8.13. Physical Assessment Findings: Decreased breath sounds in lungs, right lower lobe percussion – dull; the increased anterior-posterior diameter of the chest wall. No rales. Heart: RRR. No edema. Lab Tests and Results: X-ray results indicate hyperinflation, an increased AP diameter. CBC – WBCs 15,000, left shift. SAO2: 98%. EKG – sinus rhythm is normal. Client’s Support System: The contacts with the primary care provider are regular but limited in time; the socialization is also limited. Client’s Locus of Control and Readiness to Learn: It is difficult to educate the patient because she is inclined to deny the necessary testing and treatment procedures. ICD-10 Diagnoses/Client Problems J439 Emphysema, unspecified; J440 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with acute lower respiratory infection; J209 Acute bronchitis, unspecified; F328 Other depressive episodes; Z882 Allergy status to sulfonamides; F419 Anxiety disorder, unspecified; Z720 Tobacco use; Z723 Lack of physical exercise; Z8262 Family history of osteoporosis (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 2016); Family history of breast cancer; Personal history of asthma. Advanced Practice Nursing Intervention Plan Goal and Outcomes: The patient will cope with the infection;
The story “One by One in the Darkness” is a deeply social narration studying the life of a North Ireland family who tries to get over the tragedy of the head of their family, the beloved husband and father, being killed. This is a story about the three sisters and their mother and the complexities of their relations in the context of continuing fighting in Northern Ireland and the peculiarities of their relations in terms of the different lives they live and different characters they have. The story begins with the focus on Caty who lives in England and works for a modern magazine – she is going home to visit her sisters and mother in Ireland. She has some dreadful news for them, but the reader is kept in suspense as there is not the slightest hint on what this may be. However, the news seems to be highly important, taking into consideration Cate’s nervousness: In the course of the journey from Primrose Hill to Heathrow, she grew increasingly anxious. Once in the departure lounge, she checked in and then paced restlessly by the windows, watching the planes taxi and take off” (Madden, p. 1). As soon as she comes home, she gets into the friendly home atmosphere of the family circle. However, practically at once, the problem uniting all of them is expressed – it is too hard for the family of four women to bear the burden of the tragic death of their father and husband. They are all in deep grief and cannot get used to the thought that he is not with them: But as they sat eating the salmon on this Saturday afternoon… Cate was aware of the other thing that bound them to each other, and that hadn’t been there in childhood: the thing that had happened to their father. They wanted to give each other courage: Cate felt that just by looking at them, people might have guessed that something was wrong, that something had frightened them; and that fear was like a wire which connected them with each other and isolated them from everyone else” (Madden, p. 9). In the third chapter, much attention is paid to the religious beliefs of the family. The family is Catholic and there is much attention in the story devoted to their religious education, attending the Mess and praying. This way the reader understands that the issues of religious education have been and still remain very strict in the depicted family. At first, the meaning of religion is shown by the suspicions of Helen about Cate’s religiosity: Helen suspected for a long time that she only went to Mass when she came home to save face and not hurt her parents; that she probably hadn’t been across the threshold of a church since she arrived in London (Madden, p. 22). This might have been really true, as a young woman leaving Northern Ireland and living a modern, luxurious and even glamorous life, dressing in an expensive way and revolving in the deluxe mass media circles in London is not likely to attend the church. However, on the same page the true attitude of Cate towards religion is shown: Cate’s religion was a ramshackle thing, a mixture of hope, dread, superstition and doubt; upon which she depended to an
Introduction The world has experienced different crises that have resulted in the overwhelming displacement of people. The commonest causes leading to refugee influx include but are not limited to floods and wars of varying magnitudes. In Africa, for instance, the refugee problem is one of the worst experiences that the entire continent has ever faced in the twenty-first century. Many people have been exiled from their home countries, left with only one option; seeking asylum in neighboring foreign countries. Fresh and renewed internal wars in some African countries like the Somalia, Ethiopia, Sudan, Chad, The Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, among others have only added to the ever-increasing number of refugees (Miller, Mitchell & Brown, 2005). These wars have escalated the problems of refugees all over the world because of the resultant social, economic, and political instabilities. Many of the refugees have been forced to flee to countries like Kenya, South Africa, and many others in the continent where there is relative peace and hence protection. Furthermore, others have been forced to seek refuge in countries outside the continent that have ratified the requirements for refugee protection. One of such countries which have experienced the wrath of this problem in Australia. DIMA (2004) report indicates that out of 6 million immigrants in Australia, 645 000 are refugees. It is noted that if this trend continues, the number of refugees would go higher to an unprecedented level within the next few years (Rutter, 2004). The research findings surrounding the refugee problem in Africa are very shocking. The statistics in the
Abstract This paper focuses on the growing popularity of science fiction films in 1950s. Besides the tension between U.S and Russia following the World War II, there were also rumors of Alien visitation. These two combinations of events had a very huge impact on the Holly wood movies. During this time, Spy thrillers and Science fiction films dominated the movie shelves. Spy thrillers were attributed to the spy agents deployed by both the Russian government and the U.S government to protect their interests, while science fiction was attributed to both the Roswell rules and the advancement in technology especially the military technology. Most of the science fiction films reflect the socio-political environment in both the US and the rest of the world. Introduction Science fiction is an art of exploring impact of real or imaginary science on an individual or society at large. Just like fantasy and horror, science fiction is a type of indecisive fiction. All types of tentative fiction use elements that are profoundly unfamiliar to the reader or the audience. In this kind of situation, real human concerns and subjects can be explored in a completely different light. Therefore, science fiction not only thrills its readers/audience by unknown and imaginary world, but also reflects issues affecting people in different environments (Nicholls & Clute, 1995). Science fictions are known to predict the future advancement in science and technology. By combining the knowledge of real science and imaginations, the authors of science fictions have been able to create unbelievable technologies in the movie world. More significantly, these authors have also predicted the impact of such technologies on individuals and society in general (Orr, 2001, Nicholls &Clute, 1995). Exceptionally prevalent in film and literature in the present day, science fiction has mainly established itself as genre over the past one and half century. In spite of its growing popularity, science fiction owes its root to the mythical and philosophical literature. Classic poems like The Odyssey, books such as Utopia written by Thomas More among others had elements of the fantastic prediction of the science fiction in the 20 th Century (Nicholls &Clute, 1995). Science fiction has presented not only some of the greatest stories in the contemporary literature, but has also predicted many developments that define the modern world. “This paper focuses on the growing popularity of science-fiction films in the 1950s reflecting the contemporary social and political concerns as well as addressing changes in the Hollywood film industry after World War II” (Orr, 2002). Science fiction films in the post world war II era One thing is definite; myths are characterized by their times. For instance, ancient myths look ridiculous in the world today. Ancient Greeks believed that lightning comes from Zeus and that Apollo hauled the sun across the sky. Those beliefs have become fairytales in our contemporary wor
In the modern social space, social stigmatization is seen as an obstacle to the development of the abilities of an individual and a group. This concerns his or her social status and social success in the future. However, the manifestation of self-stigmatization deforms the possibilities of constructing the life of the individual both in short and in the distant future. It also contributes to the perpetuation and development of social inequality, which can be countered by empowerment. Currently, stigma is widely used mainly in its original sense as it indicates the shameful status of the individual as such. Social stigma is the extreme disapproval or resentment of individuals for socially characteristic reasons that are perceived and served to distinguish them from other members of society. However, self-stigmatization is an action of someone who promotes and agrees with the imposed stigmas. The essence of such a stigmatization is manifested in the compliance with reaction to any deviations from the norms of a particular community. Subsequently, these deviations are consolidated with the help of various symbolic forms of stigmas. Empowerment plays a critical role in countering the issue, where certain marginalized groups are recognized and respected. Self-stigmatization can be expressed in various kinds of discriminatory attitudes of society towards patients, their families and relatives, as well as towards psychiatrists and psychiatric institutions. It should be noted that there are a large number of patients with mild mental disorders who may experience the influence of stigmatization more than the actual disease. Stigma is social labeling, and an overweight person may be viewed by most people as weak, lazy, weak-willed, and unsuccessful. In recent decades, the topic of obesity stigmatization has begun to be studied not only in society, but also in medical institutions. Obese people feel condemned, rejected on the street, on public transport, in educational institutions, at work, in the store. More importantly, overweight patients feel rejected, judged by their doctors. At the same time, doctors, as a rule, do not understand the stigmatization of obesity, the relevance of this topic and the importance of researching it with the patient. As a result, the patient cancels consultations and even interrupts treatment. Ultimately, all this contributes to an increase in body weight and an increase in the likelihood of diseases and psychological conditions associated with obesity. For example, in order to combat the fat-shaming of women, it is important to put them in a spotlight and implement a new standard of beauty. It is needed to stop the stigmatization of obese individuals, where it is known the fact that the issue is not solely caused by diet and activity. In conclusion, self-stigmatization is carried out on the basis of certain patterns of development of social relations. However, due to less awareness of the problem and underestimation of its importance, a person does not consider self-stigmatization as an obstacle to the development of a person. It can leav
The quality of the provided services and care at the department significantly depends on the aspects of the staff’s organization and communication. That is why, it is necessary to determine the problem areas in relation to the employees’ organization and their communication within the department. The medical staff experiences significant difficulties in sharing and exchanging the information between the department units because of the absence of the effective communication system, the lack of the developed communication skills, and the lack of the team work skills necessary to improve cooperation. The staff experiences difficulties in communication and cooperation because of the effects of such contextual factors as the lack of the necessary seats and space in the waiting rooms and because of the significant waiting time to receive the necessary care due to the lack of employees. As a result, the medical staff and patients suffer from the stress and tension. The disorganization of the staff and the employees’ exhaustion can affect the quality of the provided care negatively. The Goal Statement The determined problem aspects should be overcome to respond to the agency’s mission. The goal of the improvement procedures at the department is to increase the quality of the provided services and care while fostering the employees’ collaboration with enhancing the quality of communication between the staff members. The goal should be achieved with the focus on improving the cooperation skills basing on the additional training and education of the staff; reducing the negative effects of the contextual factors; increasing the number of qualified employees; and improving the organization of the staff through providing the effective communication tools and data exchange systems. To respond to the above-mentioned components of the goal, it is necessary to develop the plan for completing the goal with references to restating the agency’s mission according to the new perspectives and needs. From this point, the mission of the agency regarding the planned improvements is to provide the high-quality services and care basing on the employees’ high competence and cooperation, effective team work and collaboration, efficient organization and developed communication methods and tools. Furthermore, the mission is also to guarantee the services’ mobility and flexibility with references to the improved contextual factors. Thus, the determined goal addresses all the problem areas related to the department’s development and the staff’s communication and organization. Such activities as the needs assessment and the focus on working out the plan of actions are necessary for the effective realization of the goal.