ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Ying-Ying’s Story by Amy Tan and The Story of the Western Wing by Wang Shi-fu are often considered the best examples of romantic drama and fiction in China. In both stories, romance itself tends to be identified with the feminine. Despite the gendering of the genre as female, the (presumed) danger seems, if anything, to have been amplified in the case of the lady reader. Thesis The love stories represent unique romantic relations reflecting through poems, love letters, and song as a medium between the characters’ feelings and thoughts. The Story of the Western Wing is a love comedy that depicted adventures and relations between Oriole and Zhang. Secret love and romantic relations between a young scholar, Zhang Sheng, and a daughter of a minister, Cui Yingying, is the core of this story. It is the old China experience that manifests most definitely the enormous weight of fate in the lives of the characters (Hsiung 103). On the one hand, the constrictive burden is due to the position of women in that society. In this story, poems and letters play a crucial role because they become the only possible way for Zhang Sheng to express his feelings and love to Cui Yingying. He declares: I’ll wet the paper window and make a hole And with silenced voice peep inside— Probably he has slept in his clothes, Since the front fold of his silken robe is rumpled. There is the taste of sleeping alone: Cold and lonely threads of thoughts And no one to wait on him. Observe his washed-out appearance, Listen to his feeble and weak breathing, Look at his yellow and emaciated face. (Act 1, Book III, 193-94) It is possible to say that the tendency of romance narratives is to encode feelings because their worldview tends to be resistant to the notion of heroic achievement not backed up by some sort of pedigree. Within this context, however, the main characters tend to look somewhat more fantastical, and they are always presented as special and exceptional cases. Perhaps of more interest is the way that the story presents the figure of the loyal and virtuous lover. In a world of crossed loyalties, in which one is hard-pressed to know whether to stay loyal to one’s country, father, husband, friends, or kin (since they almost invariably operate on different sides of whatever conflict is prevailing at any given time), Wang Shi-fu sets a high value on the woman who can juggle these priorities, maintaining the honor of those closest to her whilst they live in obscurity or disgrace (Hsiung 172). Ying-Ying’s Story from The joy Love Club depicts self-identity and the formation of self. The seemingly lovable Irish husband of Ying-Ying St. Clair proudly imagines himself having “saved” his Chinese wife from some hideous, unimaginable life and passes this myth on to his daughter. In reality, as Ying-Ying reflects, she was “raised with riches he could not even imagine” (Tan 275), and he had to wait for four years “like a dog in a butcher shop” before she consented to marry him. Once in America, St. Clair, in a sense, enslaves Ying-Ying. He crosses out Ying-Yi
Introduction Life experiences acted as one of the major inspirations to ancient writers. Many writers came up with different writings to express their experiences and visions. The writers came up with books and articles that tried to warn the society about the effects of their actions, while others tried to educate the society on what it needed to do to better its future. One of the writers who came up with a novel based on their experiences was Aldous Huxley. Aldous wrote the book Brave New World , which reflects an astounding outlook of the future that on the surface seems more or less humorous (Trimble 21). Nevertheless, Huxley did not intend to portray humor in his book. Actually, it is hard to decipher the message put forward in the book. He predicted that there would emerge a regime that would strip people of their freedom. Aldous book is fascinating for he paints a picture of a society attached to a pathetic regime, which is of no use to the common person. As aforementioned, Aldous life experiences contributed largely to this writing. This paper discusses how Aldous life experience influenced the content and style the Brave New World book. Aldous background Aldous Huxley was born in1894 to a famous family that was strongly engrossed to England’s scientific and literary customs. His father was the son of Thomas Henry Huxley, a renowned biologist. On the other hand, her mother shared background with Matthew Arnold, a renowned littérateur. Given that he was brought up in a background comprising teachers, writers, and scientists, Aldous got quality education, which allowed him to amass a lot of knowledge. Huxley was a keen learner and during his stint, he was prominent for his intellect and mastery of English (Trimble 28). Moreover, he was versed with inventions in the scientific field. In spite of his scientific knowledge being shallow, he was always determined to achieve all that bordered conventional science. His education bordered both science and literature, thus leaving him at a better position to incorporate the contemporary scientific discoveries in his literary works. Influence from life experience Huxley posits, “Human beings are given free will in order to choose between insanity on the one hand and lunacy on the other hand” (vii). Most of his opinions in the book reflect his views on the effects of scientific and technological advancement on the future society. After monitoring the society for a long time, Aldous learnt that people derived their happiness from things that were not worth being valued. For instance, people were happy to engage in promiscuity, sports, and utilizing mass-produced products. Lenina claims, “How I loathe intravenals, don’t you” (Huxley 29), which signifies the level of promiscuity in the society. In pursuit for happiness, the society ended up sacrificing the most crucial fabrics that united it like family, culture, love, and freedom. With an idea of what scientific and technological advancements were, capable of, Aldous came up with the Brav
Introduction There is need for a company to ensure that accounts receivables are paid within the agreed period. Moreover, healthcare institutions should consider including new affordable services at the outpatient surgery center. This paper aims at discussing whether an employee should be given a bonus or probation after the company realizes a doubling in the accounts receivable days outstanding within the first six months. It also discusses the factors that determine pricing a new service at the outpatient surgery center. Accounts Receivable Days Outstanding Accounts receivable is also referred to as debtors. It refers to the money that is owned by a company but has been leased to customers. The accounts receivable is indicated on the balance sheet as an asset. This implies that goods and services are offered on credit. In a majority of the businesses, invoices are usually generated and then mailed or distributed electronically to the customers. Consequently, the client is supposed to pay within a stipulated timeframe. This period is referred to as the payment or credit terms. After a company realizes that the accounts receivable days outstanding have escalated twice within a period of the first six months, there is a need to take stringent measures. This gives the indication that the company requires tightening and safeguarding its credit policy keenly (Lewellen & Edmister, 2003). Moreover, the company should thoroughly scrutinize the customers who should receive credits. In addition, strict measures should be laid down to ensure that the customers pay within the agreed period. An escalation in the days outstanding implies that the clients are not paying within the agreed period. In turn, it also gives the indication that there is a need for the company to be extremely aggressive as far as gathering overdue from clients’ accounts is concerned. The relevant departments at the company should assess the doubtful circumstances that led to the situation. Consequently, there should be an earnest observation. It is not wise to put an employee on probation or give him a bonus without first engaging in critical investigations (Lewellen & Edmister, 2003). The investigations should focus on finding out the exact reasons for the increase in the account receivables days outstanding. Therefore, the situation may be solved through serious investigations. It is important for the company to shun from giving any employee a bonus as a result of the increase in accounts receivables because there were no actual profits realized. Considering this, the company cannot award any bonus since the situation is exceptionally sensitive. There is even a higher possibility that the employee involved would be terminated because he was inattentive and ignored an exceptionally significant corporate asset. Appropriate measures should be taken
I strongly hold the belief that as individuals mature, they go through various stages of development all of which require support and proper guidance from their more experienced associates. As an educator, I desire to ensure that all my students meet their fullest potential in terms of intellectual and social development. To this end, I believe that a safe environment should be provided and this provision should constantly encourage the taking of risks and the concept of teamwork. There are several things that I believe the teacher should strive to achieve. First, the teacher should act as a guide to his/her students. Secondly, the educator is supposed to ensure that students develop a natural interest in education, and finally, the teacher is supposed to ensure that the students use the knowledge gained in education for personal betterment. In higher levels of education, in particular, the educator’s role is to ensure that his/her students have adequate access to information. This requires him/her to be the primary source of information by ensuring that the students are furnished with sufficient knowledge; knowledge which they can use constructively to obtain even more information for themselves. Students should be given the chance to identify the things that interest them especially by letting them decide what they believe is relevant to their lives. When drafting a curriculum, effort should be made to ensure that it is shaped around the student’s interests. In this way, the students will be encouraged to take their classwork even more seriously and develop the will to learn. This is because the students will develop some sense of curriculum ownership and in this way, they will be able to come up with effective strategies to meet their goals. I strongly believe in allowing each student to fully express himself or herself. This, I can confirm can be achieved by identifying the unique characteristics of each student and developing approaches that can effectively help them adequately exert themselves academically as well as socially. One of my greatest hopes as a tutor is to inculcate the culture of learning in my students. In the rapidly changing world, it is only imperative that students not only go to books with the sole intention of gaining knowledge to help them pass exams. Students should be driven to go through publications to obtain information that would make them more knowledgeable outside a classroom setting. As tutors strive to grow their career
Introduction The agony and the ecstasy is the work of Irving Stone who is an American author. It is a biographical novel of the great Italian renaissance artist Michelangelo Buonarotti. The book was published in 1961 and its primary source is Michelangelo’s letters initially written in Italian (Stone 1-5). The novel starts with Michelangelo as a teenager- thirteen years of age- enrolling as a student of Ghirlandaio, a great painter at the time. While doing sketches Michelangelo realizes that he has greater liking for marble and sculpturing that comes with it. When opportunity arises he and Granacci are sent by Ghirlandaio to learn sculpting where they become apprentices of Bertoldo. Bertoldo requires him to excel in wax and clay before going into marble though he steals his way onto the marble garden where his talent is spotted by Lorenzo Medici who calls him to stay at the palace. He enjoys life at the palace where Lorenzo treats him well. He does magnificent work which includes Hercules and David. He is disillusioned when Lorenzo dies and opts to leave Florence for Bologna with some of his friends. Summary of the book He briefly works on the marble at Bologna and even has his first relationship with Clarrisa before going back to Florence after his assignment. At Florence, he secures a position to sculpt at the duomo where Leonardo turns down the offer. He develops animosity towards Leonardo as he considers him arrogant. He does not finish his duty as he is summoned to Rome. His visit to Rome is fruitless and he goes back to Florence though later he heeds to Pope Julius’ call at Bologna where he also shortly reunites with Clarissa. He is later commissioned to paint the twelve apostles on the Sistine Chapel which he does. His last assignment is on ‘the last judgment’ given onto him by the new pope also on the Sistine chapel. While his age is deterring speed in assignments given, he receives divine assistance and trains his assistants on how they should finish the work. On his death bed, just before his ninetieth birthday, he is smiling perhaps because of how much he had achieved in his life. Historical content of the book The storyline having happened in the sixteenth century first brings in the essence of power that the Roman Catholic had at the time and similar reverence that people had for the church. When Michelangelo is first summoned to Rome, he expects the cardinal to direct him on what to do. The cardinal instead fails to suggest a specific topic for his work and even after months of waiting for Michelangel
There is a myriad of acts which social scientists have failed to answer. Participation in elections and charity acts are examples of those negligible acts. Every time the elections are called in a country, the populace will always queue to cast their votes. The justification is that, when a candidate is voted, some of their quests will be answered. The reason voters act in consort is supported by the voter model. Camerer, et al (2005 p.50) this theory is supported by other studies and is used to explain some social and economic phenomena. (Hereford & Shuetrim 2000) For instance, the relevance of material respects in regional based organizations that believes in a particular opinion. (Feddersen & Sandroni 2009) Other scholars measured this in the laboratory to gauge the relevance of the warm glow theory in voter opinion. Gul & Pesendorfer (2005 p.67) the warm glow theory effect has not attracted students interest as compared to the opinion movers and voters theory. (Green& Hojman, 2007) Despite the acceptance of the latter, other scholars still argue that the succinct acceptance approach to treat the issues is still lacking. (Kalai & Rubinstein, 2002) This paper will discuss how the warm glow theory relates to the charitable acts among the students. The research will adopt descriptive design for easy documentation and presentation of results. Manzini & Mariotti (2007 p. 1835) study will benefit a myriad of players in education sector, especially those who are interested in understanding the behavior of students. (Wenar & Pogge 2011) The research question will be ‘Interrogating the place that the warm glow theory has in the charitable initiatives of university students?’ The understanding of some social acts has been whopping trepidation to a number of professionals globally. Warm glow theory for instance, has been related to a number of acts. This paper will focus its discussion on how it relates to charitable initiatives amongst university students (Andreoni 1995) The study will be more gender based, i.e. why female students may be more charitable than female students in school context. In analysing and understanding the study, the paper will adopt the following hypotheses; Women are more likely to donate and participate in charitable activities than men because of warm glow theory. (Ok & Ortoleva, 2008) Students who donate and participate in charitable activities are not affected by the warm glow theory. Warm glow theory partially affects the donation ability amongst students Research Plan, Methods and Techniques Study design The paper will adopt quantitative technique to get information from the participants. A structured questionnaire will be presented to them with twenty questions. A quantitative research technique is defined as the application of mathematical or computational techniques to investigate social phenomena. It gives vivid information in addressing research questions. ( C
Since the late eighteenth century, the Women’s Movement has been a rich and vibrant movement that has engaged in efforts in search for equal rights and opportunities for women in their economic pursuits, private lives, and politics. In the second half of the twentieth century, two iconic women, Margaret Thatcher and Simone de Beauvoir, played different roles in enhancing the principles of the strong and plural movement. Nonetheless, they represent two different generations of women in their public sphere and they also represent two philosophical extremes in their views. Margaret Thatcher is a politician who served as the British Prime Minister from 1979 to 1990 (incidentally, the longest term in office of any head of a modern European government). Nonetheless, during the twenty-one years she was in power, she never did enough for the Women Movement and, at times, she even went contrary to the interests of women. Further, she did not portray any commonality or sorority with the other women who had the same political ambitions as her; she did little to support the careers of other women. Although her accomplishments as a politician is somewhat indebted to the relentless efforts of the Women’s Movement that fought for the increase in number of females in positions of governance, she never conceded to this fact. Thatcher often asserted that she owed her accomplishments solely to her own hard work and personal attributes that earned her the nickname of the “Iron Lady” (Blundell, 2008). Thatcher was a right-wing woman who opposed the ideas of the right and the Conservatives towards liberation of women. Thus, she portrayed the image of an uncompromised advocate of her own opinions. This was much more related to the nickname she earned and undoubtedly did not go well with the compassionate feminine stereotype of that time. Some people saw that this amalgamation of her insensitive character and cruel policy made up a treachery of her own sex. However, it is of essence to note that if Thatcher contributed to something, then it was in respect to the normalization of the accomplishments of women. This could only be realized in the way she did it. Obviously, realizing this under the banner of feminism could not be that easy. By serving as the leader of the Conservative Party, she provided evidence of gender equality and she knew that women were slowly changing their traditional role in the society (Foster, 1990). And in this way, she reached out to the rest of the women who were not holding demonstrations to burn their bras. On the other hand, Simon de Beauvoir is viewed to have made a significant contribution to the Women Movement in terms of both theory and activism, which have been an inspiration to several women. De Beauvoir, considered the mother of post-1968 feminism, wrote many books that advocated for the course of women to be heard (Simons, 1999). More so, her life was a role model to the females. She publicly rebuffed marriage and motherhood and had a lifelong open and equal relationship with Jean-Paul Sartre. She is mostly linked to the “second wave
First of all, it should be pointed out that Islam was founded by Muhammad. One is to keep in mind that Muhammad is considered to be a messenger, whom Allah provided with his last revelations. The final prophet stated that Allah established high ethical standards, which people are to follow. These standards involve generosity, just, truth and purity . Those, who refuse to live according to the principles, will be punished by the one true God. One of the messenger’s key aims was to rectify mistakes other prophets made while introducing their religious teachings. Muhammad’s major aim is to encompass all people and show them the ways, which lead to Paradise. Treating parents with respect, seeking knowledge, cleanliness, treating women with distinction, self-control, the richness of the soul, modesty and faith, compassion are some of the key values Muhammad highlighted. Generally, the religious roots Muhammad used to craft Islam involve teachings of other religions, including Judaism, Christianity, and Zoroastrianism; although the key of the teaching is that the one true God is Allah. Koran is considered to be the God’s last revelation to people. The final prophet faced resistance when he started to preach Allah’s final revelations to the representatives of the Quraish tribe, “but in 622 CE the city of Yathrib (270 miles north of Mecca), invited Muhammad to take power as its governor, to preach to its people, and to mediate disputes between rival tribes” (“In the Wake of Rome: the Islamic, Byzantine, and Carolingian Empires,” n. d.). Muhammad stated that the God’s will was to convert Arab tribes to the new faith. A base for military expansion was also given to the final prophet. Thus, Muhammad obtained religious and political success using “a combination of intimidation, politics, and charismatic preaching to convert other Arab tribes” (“In the Wake of Rome: the Islamic, B
Introduction Many people endeavored to comprehend the revolutionary implications of globalization as it continues to evolve in an ordinary arena of political expression across the globe. Impacts of globalization have yielded significant results. Since time in sundry, the world was made up of global systems that kept on evolving continuously in its current form. This can be attributed to the fact that the subject was organized by comprehensible and intelligible principles. Thus, this reflective treatise attempts to explicitly show how the process of globalization, which is associated with progress, has spurred the growth of fundamentalism. Fundamental Globalization Principles Reflectively, the prime principle featured within globalization is the interconnected holistic phenomenon within liberalism. In fact, for the process to be complete the conscientious citizenship needs to perceive the global interrelationship between inclusive models of integration; the world explored several events and issues based in global linkages. In the process, the unbecoming radical religion dogmatism often replaces the ideals of liberalism. For instance, human population who lived in the twentieth century caused an increase in mass community that was contributed by people’s interaction and movements for economic sustainability. All these implications were closely integrated and led to the rise of mass community. Globalization and Fundamentalism The rise in mass community happened due to increase in democratization, urbanization and industrialization. This immense transformation is an essential focus in the current society. Politics, youth culture, media, leisure and welfare are the five distinctive features that are manifested in the modern society (Marty, Appleby & Mendelsohn 1997). Actually, mass society has weakened traditional societal values; industrial revolution weakened aristocratic and religious values. Mass culture is a society that has large scale social and impersonal institutions. Unfortunately, radicalism associated with disinterest has led to tremendous growth of religious fundamentalism based on misinformed beliefs such as ‘justified terrorism’, ‘justified wars’, and unfair economic systems (Assmann 2005). This has brought an ultimate query to pr