ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Mainland China has transformed culturally due to changes emerging from the traditions continuity. From ancient times, Chinese included clothing as a necessity of life, while the Chinese tradition garments were mainly of bright colors. In 1978, Chinese fashion reformed by having an open door policy on fashion, hence adopting the western culture. Hence, the Chinese, despite being used to tailor made clothing, started shopping for ready-made clothes, leading to the rise of clothing industries, hence emergence of different clothe brands, colors and designs in the market. For instance, the jeans emerged in China in the late 70’s adopted from the western culture, which was available in different colors and styles. By the 80’s, there were a variety of different types of clothing styles, which ranged from cotton pullovers, t-shirts, jackets, and skirts among others. In the 90’s, there emerged many clothing stores that aimed at the Chinese customers, especially in Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen among other towns. China has therefore managed to keep up with the current trends of fashion. For instance, the Chinese clothing manufactures adopt their latest fashion from the traditional clothing. One such example is the “Cheongsam,” which means long dress that is in fashion; however, it has been adopted from the ancient Machu women one-piece dress. The cheongsam Chinese dress is one of the developed fashions from traditional to modern (China info online Para 2) Fig 1: modern Cheongsam dress (China info online). Fig 2: Traditional Cheongsam dress (Cultural China) Some of the traditional clothing included the dragon robe, which was made for an emperor in the Qing dynasty times. Fig 3: The dragon robe (Source: China info online) Clothing in early year’s society reflected a culture’s beliefs and values at that particular time; however, today, the society associates clothing with style and fabric. In ancient China, every attire represented a certain aspect of a community. Women often had a jade that was tied to their clothing. The traditional Chinese dresses varied in terms of the social classes that existed; for instance, hanfu was a dress that belonged to the Machu community of China, but was made in different standards (Turner et al 1) According to Frith, Shaw & Cheng (p61), fashion magazines have contributed greatly to the advancement of fashion in China; for instance, ladies home journal, vogue, her world, female and Cleo are booming in Asia, which focus primarily on fashion and beauty. In ancient China, wooden sandals were f
Estelle v Gamble Question(s)  1. Is the grievance of Gamble, an inmate who was injured on the job while performing prison corrections work, necessary to address the constitutional protections guaranteed by the Eighth Amendment, and should legal protection be afforded to the disabled inmate?  2. Is there an error in the district court’s order dismissing the lawsuit on Gamble’s behalf? Rule(s)   * Gamble’s pro se complaint.   * 42 USC § 1983.   * The Eighth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.   * The Fourteenth Amendment. Analysis On February 11, 1974, an inmate who had previously been injured on the job while performing prison work wrote a complaint to the district court alleging that the prison medical authority had failed to provide any meaningful quality medical care that should have been provided in compliance with 42 USC § 1983. In addition, the plaintiff argued, his constitutional rights guaranteed by the Eighth Amendment were violated. As a matter of jurisprudence, the district court dismissed the suit for the insufficient cause of action. The case was remanded to the Court of Appeals, which considered the legality of the refusal to form the suit using the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendment texts as the statutory basis. Conclusion Both yes and no at the same time. The court found that although the medical authority did not demonstrate harsh or improper treatment of the injured prisoner, the lack of medical support was established: the complaint was granted. Thoughts Any constitutional amendment cases seem to me to be the most important and meaningful because they shape decisions to unanswered questions. In this case, I am drawn to the plaintiff’s tenacity, and the result: many correctional facilities have changed their medical service structure to achieve better results. Lynce v. Mathis Question(s) Is the 1992 administrative regulation created to revoke temporary parole credits for prisoners retroactively in violation of Ex Post Facto clauses? Rule(s)   * Florida’s 1992 law abolishing temporary release credits.   * Prison Overcrowding Points Act.   * Ex Post Facto Law.   * 11th Circuit 2 and Florida 3.   * Arnold v. Cody, 951 F. 2d 280 (1991).   * Weaver v. Graham, 450 U.S. 24. Analysis Plaintiff sent a complaint to the court that Florida’s 1992 law, which eliminated temporary release credits for prisoners due to prison overcrowding, violated Ex Post Facto Law. In response, several district courts gave different opinions: some guided by similar cases (11th Circuit 2 and Florida 3) and refused to form a claim, while others used an opinion from alternative court cases (Arnold v. Cody) to prove the validity of the claim and the illegality of the repeal of the credit. Using the record in Weaver v. Graham, the court held that the lifting of the injunctions was a retrospective action reducing the offender’s benefit, which subsumed a violation
Executive Summary “One Day in December” by Josie Silver is an exciting New Year’s love story, in which a talented author shows how fate can be favorable to people, giving them a fairy tale with a happy ending. The plot is based on the story, when a young girl, Laurie, meets a boy through a blurred window of a bus. She is looking for him everywhere, but it is quite difficult in a multi-million city. Once a friend invites a girl to a party and introduces her fiancé named Jack, who turns out to be that very guy. Laurie questions her own life while thinking about her destiny, but it seems that she and Jack can never have the right time to explore their love chemistry. An unpredictable plot, unique author’s style, and touching romance will be understandable and close to the soul of any viewer. The story of two lovers constantly keeps in suspense and drives in circles. “One Day in December” captures from the first sight as it makes one feel all the experiences of the characters, such as pain, loss, joy, love, and gaining. Watching the proposed movie, the viewers would grow up and change with them with the main heroes. This story shocks and inspires, making people believe in themselves, those around them, and love that they are all trying to find. It is possible to suggest that the movie will be met with excitement and positive feedback since the spectators received the opportunity to better understand their own feelings and relationships. The main characters seem to be quite similar, both internally and externally, to the characters of the film “Love, Rosie”. For example, the description of friendship between Lori and Sarah is a great example of female friendship. The story also focuses on the eternal topic of love at first sight, and it becomes clear that it is everyone’s personal business. The scene with the leaving bus that is the beginning of the “One Day in December” perfectly emphasizes the potential of this story to become a successful movie. The bus leaves the stop, and the stranger, whom Laurie is hopelessly in love with, stands on the sidewalk and looks after him. Confusion in the eyes, internal hope, and the complexity of a human soul can be expressed in looking at him until he disappears from sight. The whole book is full of similar scenes that make readers stop and think about the essence of love and relationships between people. Toda
Strengths Through the support of the government, we are in a better position to be prepared for disasters at all times by getting the very essential financial support. With the more than 200,000 employees in the department, we are able to effectively distribute response teams throughout the nation reaching out to all major cities of the United States. Weaknesses Poor planning of the strategies meant to respond to disasters has been a major hindrance to attaining the objectives of ensuring preparedness. Medical facilities are not adequate enough to cater for the many people who require medical attention during emergencies especially the critically injured ones. Opportunities We are receiving a lot of support from other service providers who have volunteered to help their fellow citizens in times of accidents and other catastrophes such as the Mennonite Disaster service. We are also getting substantial help from the public at individual levels with many Americans providing both material and physical assistance whenever disaster strikes. Threats Since we get much of the support directly from the government, election of an inefficient government would largely affect our service provision because we would definitely lack enough funds to sustain our recovery activities. Inaccessibility of some of the disaster stricken areas has been a major setback which results to delay in the recovery process. Unfortunately, lives, that could have been saved, end up being lost due to this obstacle. Discussio
Kitagawa Utamaro was one of the greatest Japanese artists who ever lived. Kitagawa was born in Japan in 1753 and died in 1806 after becoming one of the prominent artists of his time. He largely did drawings and woodblock portraits using different materials, but he is mainly known for his paintings of beautiful women in the 1790s when his artwork fame had reached its peak (Solkin, 10). After his drawings became famous, his works were appreciated beyond his country and reached Europe (Katz et al., 44).Utamaro is known for influencing the European impressionists who borrowed several ideas from his work. Figure 1. Midnight: Mother and Sleepy Child 1790 by Kitagawa Utamaro Utamaro was the master designer of the ukiyo-e woodblock paintings and prints. In his Midnight: Mother and Sleepy Child drawing of 1790, he depicts the image of a beautiful woman who is trying to curdle her child in the middle of the night. The woman has exaggerated and elongated features displaying her unmatched beauty (Solkin, 13). In this work of art, the artist mainly emphasized the light and shade of the drawings to create a clear impression of what he wanted the viewers of his work to decipher.The picture clearly depicts a mother who sleepily arises from her mosquito net to attend to her child who needed her attention at that time of the night (Journals, 35). This was a period of great transformation in the field of art. The Edo era is one of the richest in the history of Japanese art. During that epoch there was massive political stability which led to the vibrant growth of culture and unique styles of artistic expressions (Katz et al., 2018).Therefore, the term Edo refers to the emergence of distinctive artistic sensibility with a range of art forms which included paintings, sculptures, scrolls, screen painting, textiles, ceramics, and woodblock prints. This is the time Kitagawa emerged and rose to prominence within a very short period (Journals, 37). It was one of the most peaceful periods in the history of Japan. Although Utamaro used women to deliver his messages to his audience, he majorly wanted to use portraits, paintings, and landscapes to show how the traditional society was. Using a drawing of a woman was the perfect example of showing how the traditional society and family, in general, conducted themselves. This masterful piece of art Midnight: Mother and Sleepy Child is detailed with a perfect design (Katz et al., 46).Its conspicuous white and brown colors makes it easier for the audience to effortlessly decipher the intended message. The artist has a unique style of presenting his ideas although abstractly the artwork conveys strong emotional messages. The picture shows lonely and sad feelings because the mother and child look gorgeous but they are suffering because of being sleepy. The artist uses the shades of brown, white, and black with perfect harmony
The author observes that the studies of contemporary history and society are rapidly advancing. Although French scholars have a welcoming attitude in their writings, the definition of the Middle East is required before its history can be compiled. Does the Middle East extend from morocco to Afghanistan? The history of the Muslim people should be included when exploring the Middle East. Pre-Islamic Arabia has not been addressed by most scholars. The modern history of the Middle East should be approached from a very sober point of view. The influences of government and thinkers have shaped the history of the Middle East. In addition, the Middle East society should also be considered when writing the history of this region. The Ottoman impact is also crucial when writing the history of the Middle East in the 19 th and 20 th centuries. A lasting structure of governance was created by the Ottoman Empire. Moreover, commercial exchanges were simplified in the Ottoman Empire. However, most of the literature on the Middle East history has failed to highlight such important historical events of the region. A number of sources that were written before and after the Ottoman Empire should also be consulted in order to compile a detailed and accurate account of Middle East history, especially during the past two centuries. The end of the Muslim political societies can also be explained using the governance and administration of the Ottoman Empire. Islamic society was immensely developed through the achievements of the Ottoman Empire. It is prudent to mention that the growth of the new life should not be oversimplified when compiling the history of the Middle East. The author is also categorical that the cultural practices of the Persians and Greeks also form an important part of Middle East history. The emergence and growth of Islamic culture are closely intertwined with the cultural mix of the Persians and Greeks. Islamic history can also be categorized into three distinct periods. The latter is necessary when compiling the history of the Middle East. The initial 3-4 centuries in the history of Islam are important. This period marked the formation era of Islam. The caliphate was also more stable during the first three to four centuries. The unchallenged Ottoman rule was the second period that should be part and parcel of Middle East history. The development of the Arabic language should also be included in the second period. The 19 th and 2oth centuries were marked by the rapid expansion of Europeans. This period should equally be incorporated in the history of the Middle East because it had a lot of influence on the entire Islamic society. Major decisions that affected the Islamic world were in London or Paris. It is equally pertinent to select a dominant theme when writing about the three historical periods bearing in mind that myriads of events took place. The author also observes that the history of the Middle East has been significantly messed because it was written by individuals who had no background in history as a discipline. While most of the historical
The topic of the free sale of weapons is an urgent and acute theme in modern society when cases of terrorist acts and mass killings are common. Disputes regarding the possibility of granting free purchase rights are determined not only by legislative but also social aspects. In the recent history of the United States, many massacres were committed by people with confirmed mental disorders, who, nevertheless, had an opportunity to acquire and store firearms. The issue of buying automatic and semiautomatic guns is of greatest relevance because such weapons in the hands of an unhealthy person can entail massive casualties among the civilian population. At the same time, there are legislative nuances and obstacles that impede the process of monitoring this issue. Selling automatic and semiautomatic guns to people with mental disabilities and documented disorders is not the norm, and real-life examples prove the danger of such a social practice. Reasons for Banning Guns Sales The issue of expanding the rights to purchase and store guns entails associated problems and explains the need to tighten controls on this topic. This assumption is explained by the fact that the provision of a free right to acquire firearms reduces the likelihood of identifying individual cases significantly. According to Mencken and Froese (2017), “the greater the degree of gun empowerment, the lower the probability that gun owners support more mental health screening” (p. 16). In other words, it is unprofitable for sellers of firearms to reduce sales of their products due to restrictions, which affects the control of purchases negatively. However, the lack of appropriate practices for tracking potentially dangerous buyers is fraught with not only ethical but also legal risks. Freedom to acquire automatic or semiautomatic weapons cannot be considered a sign of a democratic society since threats to people outweigh the principles of respect for human rights. In the USA, the issue of restric
Ackerman Institute for the Family (2021). Beverly Greene. Web. This article presents the biography of psychologist Beverly Greene, which is a scientific understanding of the life story of her personality. The text is aimed at finding and identifying the origins of a woman’s socially significant activity in her individual biographical experience. The prerequisite for the creation of this biography was the recognition of the importance of personality for Beverly Greene for psychology both nationally and globally. In this biography, the events of a woman’s life are documentary material, and they are presented from the factographic side. The plot of the biography, identified and formed by the Ackerman Institute for the Family in the life of the heroine, consists of dynamics, personality development and its patterns. The genre affiliation of this publication is defined as a popular science biography. This work is addressed to a special audience and meets the requirements of verifiability and consistency. The degree of the author’s presence in the biography, and the amount of transformation of life events are insignificant. Interpretation of life events and logical analysis are carried out without moral evaluation, there is no emotional coloring. Since authors are objective, and there is no biased interpretation of the life events of Beverly Greene, the source can be called accurate and valid. It has documentary and scientific features, devoid of stylistic picturesqueness or imagery. The authors of the biography do not bring their life experience and values to the study in any way. The text of the biography is organized through a consistent description of verified and repeatedly verified facts. A special scientific concept is summed up under the description of events; this biography is a scientific study. The narrative about the personality of Beverly Greene is built on verifiable facts. This source was very useful, as it allows the reader to get a fairly clear idea of the origin and scientific path of Beverly Greene, which are necessary to understand the context of the psychologist’s views. After presenting this work, the reader can get an idea of how the scientist’s life path influenced the formation of her new scientific theories. By reading this article, it can be also tracked which events in the life of Beverly Greene preceded the making of discoveries in the field of psychology and the emergence of new ideas in her. Due to the information presented by the authors, it is possible to observe in what conditions the information accumulated by different scientific disciplines formed into a single picture. Ensuring productive interdisciplinary interaction of history and psychology helped
Background information Mr. Manuel Lopez, a retired eighty-year-old man who was formerly in the army is now living at Sanger, California. The jovial man hardly looks his age. His mind is fresh and appears to remember every step of his life He is the last-born in a family of five. At infancy, his father left for the United States in search for better livelihood Manuel remembers his father with a smile on his face, as he states, “He would send us money every time he had a job”. At the age of eight, when his father secured a reliable job, the family moved from Guadalajara, Mexico to Sanger, California. The journey was challenging in a new environment with hostile tribes and local residents. Mr. Lopez shook his head as he remembered how his older brothers could protect their mother when men who would try to steal personal items from her attacked her. It seemed almost impossible to find Mr. Lopez’s father. However, after three weeks of traveling and searching, the family reunited again. After the reunification of the family, numerous disasters attacked them. The greatest tragedy that Mr. Lopez experienced was the death of his most beloved brother, Julian. Mr. Lopez looked engrossed in his thoughts as he spoke of this brother. He explained how this deceased brother was his favorite member of the family. This brother always had time to talk and Mr. Lopez could talk about anything in his life. Mr. Lopez’s mother was equally affected and sobbed for days without any comfort. She felt as if it was her fault travel during a sunny season that was more likely to dehydrate the children. She believed Julian had died of dehydration. The circumstances at the death of Julian could not allow the family to give him a decent burial, since they were traveling and hardly new anyone who could assist them. Mr. Lopez along with other family members tried to dig a grave for their brother using tree branches, rocks and their hands. Despite Mr. Lopez’s time in the army since he was seventeen, he noted that the experience was horrific and unforgettabl