ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction This essay seeks to provide an analysis of everyday life power dynamics, production of gender, race and class. To this end the 2012 film Django Unchained , starring Jamie Foxx and Christoph Waltz shall be used to offer a platform for the discussion and understanding of various social behaviors. The essay shall first offer a summary of the film in discussion before its linkage with the topic of discussion is presented. A conclusion that sums up the entire discussion shall then be provided. Film Summary The film Django Unchained is set in 1858 and it basically tells the story of an African male slave Django who is looking to be reunited with his wife Broomhilda (Tarantino, 2012). In the opening scene, a group of male slaves is being ferried to an unspecified location by the Ace and Dicky Speck, the two Caucasian brothers that have bought them. Django is one of the slaves and on the sale, he has been separated from Broomhilda. As the convoy trudges along, they meet with Dr. King Schultz, who presents himself as a German Dentist but is in essence a bounty hunter. In the ensuing confrontation, Schultz kills Ace and then shoots the horse that Dicky is riding. Dicky’s foot is crushed under the weight of the dead horse. Schultz then inquires from Django if he has heard of the Brittle Brothers and if he could identify them. Django confirms their knowledge and an excited Schultz offers to make him a free man. He also offer him $75 to help hunt them down. As they leave, Schultz asks the other slaves, who are now freed to do what they please with Dicky. They end up killing him. After taking down the Brittle Brothers, Schultz asks Django to travel with him bounty-hunting. In return, Schultz promises to help Django track down and rescue Broomhilda. During the winter break, Django trains in bounty hunting and over the period, together with Schultz, they collect several bounties. In their endeavors, the duo learns that Broomhilda is at the Candyland Plantation in Mississippi. It is expected that Calvin Candie, the owner of the land, will demand a hefty amount for the lady if Schultz and Django present their intentions directly. In order to avoid being exorbitantly charged and still meet their objective, Schultz and Django approach Candie with the proposal that they would like to buy one of his prize Mandingo fighters. (Mandingo fighting is a form of crude fighting where slaves fight each other to death). The duo meets Candie at a club in Greenville and place an offer of $12,000 for the fighter. Excited by the amount, Candie invites them to his farm where Schultz secretly lets Broomhilda of their plan. During dinner, Schultz informs Candie that he would like to purchase Broomhilda for $300 because she speaks German. Candie accepts the offer. However, as the discussions go on, Candie’s most loyal house slave Stephen comes to the realization that Broomhilda and Django know each other and unearths the plot before informing Candie. Angered, Candie demands that Schul
Population and Participation Rates The labor force of a country is determined by the population size as well as the number of people engaged in the labor market. Becker’s time allocation model is frequently used to study participation rates of households in labor market. According to Becker’s model, households combine goods and time to create utility-yielding commodities. In other words, households allot their time between consumption, production and labor market with respect to comparative advantages. As a result, Becker’s model suggests that households are economic units that produce utility-yielding commodities. These commodities have two unique traits. For instance, some commodities are product-intensive while others are time-intensive. Product-intensive commodities (i.e. fast-food meals) require substantial quantities of goods and modest time whereas time-intensive commodities (i.e. leisure activities) require substantial amount of time and fewer goods to produce. These commodities are also substitutable during production. Therefore, it is possible to produce certain commodities using large quantity of goods and less time and vice versa. The participation rate of labor force entails comparing real labor force and potential labor force. According to figure 1(see appendix), the participation rate of males dropped gradually from 86% to 73% between 1950 and 2008. On the contrary, the participation rate of females in the labor market increased steadily during this period. The moribund participation rates among males are attributed to increased access to disability benefits, access to public and private pensions, and increase in real earnings. The increase in the participation rates for women is caused by increased marital instability, increased employment opportunities, and lower birthrates. In addition, the participation rates among White and Black women in the labor market are almost equal. Previously, the participation rates for Black women were higher than those of White women. Conversely, the gap between the participation rates among White males and Black males have increased steadily since 1950s. For instance, the participation rates for both groups were roughly 85% in 1995. However, in 2000, the participation rate for Black males was 69% compared to 75% for White males. The difference is attributed to the limited employment opportunities for Black males compared to their White counterparts. In addition, the difference in educational achievement for both groups could explain this phenomenon. The net impact of the added-worker effect and the discouraged-worker effect is demonstrated by the cyclic changes in participation rates. The added-worker effect lends credence to the notion that when the sole wage earner in a household loses his/her employment, other household members will seek short-term employment in the labor market to augment household income. On the other hand, the discouraged-worker effect emp
Introduction Through consistent struggle, Australia has become a beacon of hope in the Southern Hemisphere. Australia began opening its doors to the emigrants from British and Europe after the First World War. Rajendra (2002, p.28) adds that 50 years after the war the country became affluent due to creation of new labor and new markets. Australia has established herself as true liberal democracy. According to Lansford (2007, p. 9) democracy means “government of the people, by the people and for the people” with parliamentary system form of government where the Queen of England is the head of the state with the Prime Minister as the head of the government. Some of the democratic values held by the Australian government include the universal suffrage, respect to rule of law, political party pluralism, and respect to human rights amongst others (Seldie & Dodetry 2003, p. 57). Besides the Australian history, understanding national interests is fundamental in addressing this task. National interest refers to the country’s aspirations and goals to achieve economic, military, environmental and cultural greatness. It is a political device used by the political class to seek support for domestic policy objectives. At the international level, a nation state tries to portray its public image and interests within the radical international super structure, which is constantly at risk. Referring to the words of a classical political realist Hans Morgenthau, when the government talks about its national interest, it refers to what seems the best for the country in relation to other states. Finnermore (1996, p. 3) highlights how states constantly long for power, security and wealth to protect themselves from invasion, extinction and economic meltdown. Therefore, based on these reasons, Australia has set her own apparatus to align itself to the new international order based on its evident national interests: economic security, national security, international alliances and treaties amongst others. National Interests Economic prosperity is prerequisite for any government to measure as an economic power in the international standards. Australia economic power has been built on the international trade and investment. Addressing the same subject, Clarke (2007, p.581) points out “Australia’s reputation as a nuclear non-proliferation standard bearer, regional strategic and economic considerations and the weight of the Australia-US alliance”. Further, Seldie and Dodetry (2003, p.23) observes that Australia’s foreign policy is concerned about these issues: economic security, national security, international alliances, treaties, and its core values. In understanding the national interests of this country, one has to appreciate the existing democratic culture. Australia is a western country placed in South East Asia. As a result, it has borrowed much of her practices from the Western Europe and USA due to constant conduct in the past. Rajendra (2002, p.21)
The Parasite is a symbolic film showcasing the implications of capitalism by highlighting the variance between the rich and the poor. In this video, the author uses two families, Park and Kim, to showcase how wealth defined the life of many in different environments. While the former is an epitome of aspirational wealth, the latter is a street family enduring harsh environments. In my view, the movie is an anti-capitalist narrative highlighting the plight of the working class as people who live by continuous struggles and pain while the wealthy reap from the sweat of others using their money. How the two families express themselves stood out for me in the whole story as an illustration of capitalist society, with the wealthy behaving like parasites. In this film, this notion of this wealth parity is highlighted during the scene where Kim’s family house is flooded as they struggle with internet services, whereas the neighborhood is a complete contrast. Throughout the movie, Kim’s family keeps working with every aspect of life as the neighbors are considered prosperous and self-sufficient. These instances illuminate the understanding of how the rich portrays the character of parasites in communities. While Park rigged his way into the club of the rich, Kim embraces integrity and sweat to earn a living in the same community. The video is indeed a replication of what happens in contemporary society. It connects with the reading in highlighting some of the leading social behaviors among the rich and the poor. There is a clear connection between the video and the manuscript. The presence of artwork in the narrative is exemplary of the author’s intentions, which involve the economic fragmentation of communities.
Abstract A Light Emitting Diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that has found application in many electronic devices. These miniature objects, which have been used since 1962, have the ability to produce visible, ultraviolet (UV), and infrared light (IR) wavelengths in varying brightness levels and work on the principle of electroluminescence. When hundreds or thousands of individual LEDs are fixed on a board, they can be used to light up rooms, billboards, large screens, traffic signals, and recently, television display panels. Their popularity has been made possible by the fact that they have several advantages over conventional incandescent light sources, these include better power efficiency, greater durability and reliability. Recent improvements to the LED technology have led to the design of an even better performing type of LED known as Organic-LED (OLED). OLED is a kind of display in which the emissive electroluminescence consists of an organic material that lights up when an electric current is passed through it. One major advantage of OLEDs is that they use less power than LEDs, this is because each OLED produces its own light (self-illuminating), therefore, there is no need for a backlight. Therefore, OLEDs are likely to replace LEDs in future displays as soon as the various challenges towards its adoption are complete. Introduction LEDs are made up of a semiconductor mixed with impurities to form two oppositely charged junctions. When current passes through them, electrons and protons (holes) move into the electrodes with varying voltages, when the two bodies meet, it drops into a lower energy level and emits packets of energy [1]. The wavelength of the photons emitted depends on the type of the element used in the boundary. Materials used to make LEDs have band gaps with energies matching or close to IR, visible, or UV light [1]. In response to the looming change of technology from the use of LED to make TV display panels to the use of OLED, our company’s head of Visual department, Mr. Bill Holmes, requested us to carry out an experiment on OLED technology and how it would solve the current engineering problems that occur in current TV sets that use LED for display. This report will enable Leeds Technologies to make ample preparations so that the switchover to the new technology becomes as smooth as possible. In coming up with our report, we worked with a number of electronic companies such as Sony, Samsung, and Nokia. We also referred to earlier studies on display technologies by various research scientists. Organic molecules in OLED conduct electricity due to the delocalization of pi-electrons within the molecules [2]. When voltage is applied through the OLED, current flows from the negatively charged junction to the positively charged junction. This causes the cathode to release electrons on the emissive surface of the organic compounds while the anode creates ‘holes’ on the conductive surface of the organic compounds. At the border of the emissive and conductive layers, electrons fill the ‘holes’, this is equivalent to an electron falling to a lower orbital, hence it releases the excess energy in form of light [2
How does what you learned from the field of community psychology affect your ability to address social justice issues? Based on the lecture, we learned about the disparity between the rich and the poor, a domain that is associated with marginalization and stigmatization. Serrano-Garcia (51) illustrates a dilemma she encountered when she had to decide whether to sit by the Black’s group side or the White’s group side despite her strong desire to bridge this social gap. Thus, integrating insight from other fields, for example, education, economics, and health in solving social justice issues is important. This will help to minimize the disparity that exists between these fields and the criminal justice system by implementing effective interventions as suggested in “PSY 354 The Future of Community Psychology “. Another aspect that may affect my ability to address social issues is lack of adequate knowledge about a particular community. Often, we rely on other people’s perceptions and attitudes about certain things and people instead of making an effort to learn about these beings ourselves. Hence, without adequate knowledge, it becomes difficult to establish the social change that we vehemently seek to gain. Therefore, I challenge each and every one of us to adopt mechanisms based on Serrano-Garcia’s (52-54) experiences as she strived to change the political, economic, and social domains in her Puerto Rican native homeland. What might you do differently now than you would have done had you not become familiar with community psychology? I have learned how contacts shape individual behavior, especially, ecological and social perspectives. Hence, you will support me when I point out that liaising with these contacts is important to address community issues. These contacts help us to gain insight about the values, normative structures, and principles that guide individual and communal behavior. These contacts can be very helpful in establishing a long-term relationship with a community, which will be a gateway towards learning more about the community. Looking at the interaction between an individual and the environment, we have learned about the need to understand communities and associated social push and pull factors that influence behavior. Like most of you, I, too, have gained a different perspective on how to promote social change as emphasized in our lecture. We should not be too hasty in judging individuals for their problems and unacceptable behavior. Rather, we should understand the ecological framework that defines them. Hence, in order to understand issues, I prefer adopting the role of a naïve observer. This way, I can capture that element which most of you might overlook; it may be a practice, moral value, or norm. I would augment my observations with insight from other sources at both local and international level for the purpose of making comparisons. Thereby, take lead in implementing novel strategies that ensure community needs are addressed; these are the facets that largely trigger the occurrence of community problems (Serrano-Garcia 55-57). Is com
Interview Associated With MBA Programs The first interview associated with MBA programs was conducted within 15 minutes. The respondent was a 25-year-old woman working as a nurse at XYZ hospital. It should be noted that the respondent was chosen to examine the part of the population that is not directly connected with MBA education. According to the laddering interview technique, she was informed of the purpose of the interview in advance, and all the necessary conditions were created to ensure convenience. The following is the ladder that was designed based on the interview: According to the presented interview, it becomes clear that MBA qualification is not fully familiar to the respondent. Even though she detected insufficient knowledge of the topic, the answers were correct. Such questions as “what do you know about MBA education?” or “what are your attitudes towards these programs” were asked. When the respondent was confused by the latter questions to some extent, the following question was formulated to help her: “do you see any differences between MBA education and some other similar programs?”. This strategy implied by the laddering interview technique proved to be effective, and the respondent answered as follows: “well, MBA courses are the most prominent ones compared to some other local programs, and I consider them as an excellent opportunity to improve one’s career”. At the same time, the respondent was able to provide information related to MBA benefits such as good work and salary: “I think that students, completing MBA courses, may count on high salary and good job positions like those leaders working for Google or Apple, for example”. Thus, it is possible to conclude that the first interviewee, representing people that are not associated with MBA education, disclosed average knowledge. The second interview focused on the respondent who was rather familiar with MBA programs and preparing to apply for one of them. This was a 17-year-old man who answered fully and competently, showing excellent knowledge of the topic. Likewise, the first respondent was also informed of the anonymousness of the interview and voluntary participation. The following is the ladder, illustrating the key points of the interview: In the course of this interview, such questions as “what is the difference between MBA programs and other similar education?”, “Why do you prefer this type of education?”, “what are the benefits of MBA associated programs”, “where do you see yourself in five years”, and so on were asked. The respondent illustrated that he is aware of all the essential aspects regarding the theme. Furthermore, the answers were complete and clear. For example, the following answers were received: “I believe that MBA is the key provider of the most relevant and innovative education. Therefore, I will try to do my best
The importance of strategic planning has been emphasized by specialists in every area of management. Strategic planning is described as a “smart practice” (Bryson, 2011, p. 17) and the way to deal with a situation with the purpose to achieve particular results. Strategies are based on knowledge and a profound understanding of issues that one deals with. School maintenance requires strategic planning because, when maintenance is merely about repairing what is broken, it will constantly interfere with education. School maintenance should be more than resource management: it is “about providing clean and safe environments for children” (U.S. Department of Education, 2003, p. xi), and also about arranging the space in a way that is suitable for learning. Although maintaining school facilities and grounds is a complicated process with numerous considerations, three main strategies can be recognized: preventive maintenance, external and internal communication, and involving all stakeholders in the facility maintenance. Preventive maintenance proved its advantages over emergency maintenance and routine maintenance. What makes it different is that equipment is not replaced when it breaks down, but is attended on a regular basis according to a schedule. The long-term benefits of such an approach are the reduced risk of emergencies and a lesser amount of maintenance work overall, which is important because “the goal of maintenance is (paradoxically) to get out of the maintenance business” (Levitt, 2011, p. 6). There are three stages of planning for preventive maintenance: auditing, scheduling, and arrangement (U.S. Department of Education, 2003, pp. 74-75). First, it is necessary to identify and list everything that requires maintenance. Second, a schedule should be composed to indicate how often and for which technical details each item on the list should be inspected. The way to do this is to consult specialists and check manufacturers’ manuals. Third, a system should be created to allow scheduled inspec
Introduction International trade, globalization, enhanced movement factors of production have resulted to diverse labor market where companies can deploy from countries different from their country of incorporation (home country). Companies employing from diverse communities, societies, and nationality enjoy advantages brought about by diversity; however there are some challenges that come with managing diverse human capital. Workplace diversity is about creating an inclusive working environment, which incorporates people of different caste, nationality, gender, skin color, and ethnicity. Other than the social and physical diversity, workplace diversity also incorporates differences in ideas, skills, perspectives, and backgrounds (Jackson, 1992). This paper discusses some of the factors that a company that values diversity need as far as organizational behavior is concerned. Managing diversity Human resources management has the role of ensuring that an orchestrate team is developed within its organization, when they are addressing diversity, human resources management are expected to understand the scope that the diversity is likely to be attained as well as the definition of diversity within their organizations. Definition of what diversity within an organization can have different meanings depending with nature and industry of the particular company. For instance at Apple Inc, the world greatest electronic company, the definition of diversity include among others corporate culture, the crucial role of the human capital and global perspective; while other companies like Perisher Blue hotel in Australia defines diversity in the line of difference in cultures of employees and visitors. After getting a clear meaning of diversity within an organization, the next crucial step is to manage human resources; the human resource department has the role of establishing the differences of beliefs, races, intellectualism and ideas among the team and aim at creating a team that incorporates the strength of the diverse human capital in teams. An effective human resource manager should be able to combine the strengths and weak-points offered by diversity in a team such that they will reinforce each other and have a winning team. This calls for a wide human resources research and putting on measures that can assist in determining what is best for the team. Some of the factors to consider when making efforts to know ones employees include their motivation, the way they handle situation