ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
A team is a group of two or more people who have coordinated their actions to achieve a common objective. Team-based organizations are those organizations that frequently utilize teams in order to realize benefits. In this case, the key value of teams is their capability to gather and give power to employees so that they can use their aptitude in advancing organizational productivity. A good example of organizations that utilize teamwork frequently; in order to realize benefits are Whole Foods Market stores, Motorola, the mining industry, Xerox in America, and Toyota Manufacturing Company in Japan (Katzenbach & Smith, 2003). Toyota Manufacturing Company in Japan utilizes teams in order to achieve its business goals effectively and efficiently. In this case, work is organized in specific components by drawing different talents and skills from the employees. In this company, there has been an improvement in customer service, increased staff motivation, improved and increased quality of output as a result of teamwork. Based on this, TMC has been able to compete in the international markets as its products are of a high quality hence achieving its goals (Parker, 1996). Further, as a result of teamwork, there was an innovation of ‘Video Conferencing Technology’, in order to integrate communication networks among the company’s staff in Australia. In this case, employees were able to have face-to-face meetings despite their geographical separated ness. As a result of this, teams worked effectively and efficiently in a collaborative way; since time and costs are reduced in improving the company’s productivity (Katzenbach & Smith, 2003). On the other hand, teamwork has led to maximum utilization of resources like human labor. As far as human labor is concerned, the importance of teams within the TMC is a way of life since employees through team building are trained in order to improve their productivity. In this case, employees’ talents and skills are utilized maximally and improved through training. In addition, teamwork encourages employees to utilize their skills fully as they are given time to express themselves, thus sharing their ideas among themselves and also with the executives. On the other hand, since the employees are working in a team there will be no wastage of manufacturing materials; which often arises when different engineers or departments undertaking various tasks work without harmony (Parker, 1996). It can be seen that teamwork helps in decision-making and problem-solving in TMC as decisions are made using the down-upward approach. In this case, executives allow the employees to make decisions on what is to be manufactured; the intended quality and marketing procedures of the manufactured product; based on their talents and skills. In this case, different employees have different methods of problem-solving and hence when all these methods are pulled together the outcome is perfection (Katzenbach & Smith, 2003). By providing a framework of learning activities, TMC produces among the be
Phylum Mollusca Class Gastropoda Snail, Sea slug, Shag-rug Aeolis Gastropoda is one of the classes in the phylum Mollusca. The key characteristics that define organisms in this class are they live in land, aquatic or marine environment, they have eyes, mouth, tentacles, and spiraled shells (Crawley and Pendarvis 56) Class Bivalvia Clam, Muscle, Oyster, Scallop Bivalvia forms another class of mulluscs with unique attributes that differentiate them from other organisms in the same phylum. These attributes are they comprise two shells (bi-valves), have mantle that secretes shells, respire using ctenidia, live in marine or fresh water. Mulluscs also have filter feeders, microphagous, and visceral mass in their internal organs (Crawley and Pendarvis 66). Class Cephalopoda Squid, Nautilus, Octopus, Cuttlefish One of the classes in the phylum Mollusca with unique characteristics that differentiate them from other organisms. Squid, octopus, nautilus, and cuttlefish are some of the organisms in class Cephalopoda. These organisms live in the marine environment, they possess internal or external shells while some do not have them. They also have differentiated sexual parts in males and females with direct form of development. Class Polyplacophora Chitons Major characteristics of organisms in class polyplacophora are dorsoventrally fattened bodies with bilateral symmetry, eight plates of shell, and muscular foot on the ventral side. As an example of organisms
Introduction Before we discuss the meaning of “physical symbolism” in Thomas Bell’s novel “Out of this Furnace”, we will need to briefly outline its semantic contents. The novel can be best described as an epical story of three generations of Slovak immigrants on the path of adopting a fully American existential identity. Just like so many other highly adventurous but uneducated romantics that were willing to sacrifice everything, in order to try their luck with winning “American dream”, Djuro Kracha comes to this country in high hopes of fast enrichment. However, the reality had proven to be much harsher then he could ever think of. Main body At the beginning, he works in railway industry but then decides to follow one of his friends to Homestead, where he opens up a butcher shop, but eventually becomes bankrupt, while being left with no choice but to get a job at the steel mill. Kracha’s new job and his addiction to heavy drinking cause his health to deteriorate rapidly. Even before he reaches the age of 45, Kracha dies, with his extended family being left behind without the provider. The second part of the novel is the story of Michael Dobrejcak, who marries one of Kracha’s daughters Mary. There are many behavioral similarities could be found between him and Kracha, which prompt readers to assume that Dobrejcak would eventually end up just like his father in law. Yet, the action takes place in different America – unions begin to gain political influence. While being able to speak fluent English, Michael gradually becomes aware of his essential civil rights and freedoms, which in its turn, encourages him to become one of union’s most prominent members. Despite the fact that Michael would often prove himself unable to provide his family with decent living, he never losses his optimism. The most important difference between him and Kracha is that Michael joins other workers in their never-ending struggle for fair wages and better working conditions. This does not bring any immediate results, but even while being poor and miserable, Michael never lets go of his sense of self-respect. The third part of “Out of this Furnace” discusses the events described in Part 2, although from Mary’s point of view. Just like in previous parts, the theme of hard labor provide Mary’s story with structural integrity. It is namely this part of the novel, which leaves readers with no doubts as to fact that “Out of this Furnace” was meant to serve as literary vehicle of promoting Socialist agenda, because Mary appears to perceive surrounding reality as politici
The Month of Ramadan Muslims have unique themes in their practice of Islam. One of the essential teachings of Muhammad and Allah is for a Muslim to honor the month of Ramadan. The month of Ramadan causes Muslims to change their ordinary lifestyle and submit to the teachings of the Quran. Allah revealed the Quran to the Prophet Muhammad. It was to become the holy book from which all Muslims would get Islamic instructions for daily living. 1 The instructions included the observance of the 9th month as a sacred month in the calendar of Islam (Bullard and Conger 200). Therefore, the month became known as Ramadan. The revelation occurred during the occasion known as Laylat al-Qadr. 2 Muhammad then used the Quran to convert people to Islam. The month of Ramadan became the holiest month for Muslims. The profession of Islamic faith, prayer, fasting, giving alms, and pilgrimage are the essential Islamic practices (Aloian 136). Fasting is the Ramadan tradition that forms part of the five pillars of Islam. It shows the importance of Ramadan to a practicing Muslim. It is the sacred moment when Muslims have to forfeit food and any pleasure so that they can reflect on the goodness of Allah. During the month, there are special rituals to observe. The ritual fasting is an obligation where Muslims must abstain from food and drinks. 3 They start from daybreak to evening. They have to be holy and avoid sinning. But there are exceptions. They include the children who have not reached puberty, people suffering from a medical condition, and breastfeeding (Anderson, Conger and Frese 256). The women who are in their menstruation period are not allowed to fast. However, those who missed the moment can redeem the Ramadan afterward. It is the chief Kadhi in collaboration with the Imam who announces the start of Ramadan after sighting the new moon. 4 Because the moon appears at different times in various places, the starting and ending can vary. It causes the Ramadan event to change by about 11 days each year. The eating habits change during Ramadan. Due to its holiness, Muslims participate in Taraweeh prayers in the evenings. Muslims ask for forgiveness for their past sins (Aloian 136). They also thank God for guiding and blessing them. It is a moment to express their total dependence on God. They also have to adhere to the teachings of Islam and avoid any actions or words that might lead them to sin. They stay away from areas that may tempt them to sin. They should also be in good relations with their fellow Muslims. The fast takes place daily from dawn to dusk during Ramadan. Muslims have a pre-dawn meal called Suhur (Bullard and Conger 200). They eat very early in the morning before the sun comes out. During the evening, they assemble for prayers at the mosque and recite long Quran verses. They then meet with families and friends for Iftar (Hackney Blackwell 386). It is the evening meal that Muslims use to break the fast. Prophet Muhammad used to start by eating dates. Most Muslims do the same. They use this occasion to show kindness to others. Non-Muslims can als
Three rooms of the Indianapolis Scottish Rite Cathedral were selected for the section of this analysis requiring one to evaluate a piece of architecture. The first section that one arrives at on his/her way into the Cathedral is the Tiler’s Room. This is part of the entrance to the cathedral and it assumes the shape of a 33ft cube. The ceiling has paintings done by hand, while the walls are entirely made o marble. On the floor of this room, is a brass medallion, bearing all twelve signs of the zodiac. It also has a number of symbols including the scale of Justice and a double headed eagle. The wooden paneling by its brown color blends in with the bronze and gold on the tiles and windows. The design of the room is fundamentally aesthetically appealing, with all the items arranged in their own unique way, thus avoiding clutter. This makes it easy for one to point out the various items associated with different practices. For instance on the windows above the main doors one can point out at least 33 emblems, which are known to be associated with the Scottish Rite (Lisle and Fromer, 2000). The ballroom follows the architecture of the Elizabethan Period. It is 99ft 2 , with a ceiling that is 45ft above the ground. Other immediately recognizable features are a balcony on all sides of the second storey. There are 15 oak pillars on the center. There is 66ft 2 dancing area and lounges. The ceiling is hand painted and is designed to blend well with the wood on the floor. For lighting purposes, there is a large chandelier made of bronze and crystal. It has over 190 bulbs and is held up on a winch, which can be used to drop it down for routine maintenance. Because the room was designed to host high-profile parties, it had to be giv
How can a firm develop distinctive competencies and strategic positioning? It is crucial for a company to identify and develop distinctive competencies and its strategic positioning. This is vital for a company that is growing or is about to start its growth. To develop its distinctive competencies, the company should identify its internal strengths as well as the market and its needs. In other words, the company’s top management should analyze the performance of the company, its weaknesses, and its strengths. It is also important to understand how strengths can be exploited to the fullest (or even improved). Besides, it is necessary to analyze the market and understand its needs. It is important to find the needs the company may meet with the help of its strengths. Understanding of distinctive competencies will enable the firm to develop its strategic position, as the company will understand which niche is most suitable for it. Of course, it is also important to develop a certain plan that will include major goals to achieve. The Blossom Nursery (Located in Dubai) is a company with well-established competencies, which enables it to be one of the most successful high-growth companies. How important is business planning for high-growth firms? Business planning is crucial for high growth companies as it enables them to develop and cope with the changes that are taking place in the market. When the company has a strategic plan, goals are set and employees understand where the company is moving. An example of a high-growth company employing effective planning is Zein, a Saudi Arabia software and hardware company. The company has a strategic plan and follows it. It is also quite easy to trace weaknesses and inappropriate performance as top management may check whether particular goals
Arthritis is a usually chronic medical condition that affects the quality of the people’s life significantly. Arthritis can be viewed as the inflammation of joints that is often observed in elderly persons, but the problem is in the fact that there are many different types of arthritis, and some of them affect young people (Adams Media 12). In spite of the type of arthritis, almost all individuals suffering from this medical condition indicate such symptoms as the pain in joints, inflammation, and stiffness of joints (Schwarz 8). In addition, patients often note that the pain increases at night. Therefore, the arthritis treatment is oriented not only to avoiding the joint destruction but also to relieving the condition and reducing symptoms and pain. Although the arthritis management can be different depending on the type of the disease, there is a standard scheme of treatment that includes the following methods presented as steps: the medications therapy, the necessity of decreasing the tension on joints, the physical and manual therapy, and the diet. If a person complains of the pain and inflammation in joints, the first step to take after consulting the doctor and making all the necessary analyses is to provide a patient with the anti-inflammatory drugs and analgesics in order to reduce the pain. According to Yazici, the preliminary medication therapy is most important for a person because certain drugs can reduce not only the pain but also the joints’ inflammation (Yazici S11). The reason is that the pain can be discussed as only a consequence of the inflammation that needs to be addressed as quickly as possible. Thus, Jankowska-Polanska, Nawrocka, and Uchmanowicz note that only the drug therapy can promote the remission of the medical condition, and when the acute pain is reduced, it is also important to use anti-inflammatory gels, anticonvulsants, and protectors of joint tissues as medications to improve the function of joints (Jankowska-Polanska, Nawrocka, and Uchmanowicz 103). Such complex therapy aims to minimize any negative health consequences of arthritis and maximize the joints’ functioning. However, the researchers also claim that the drug therapy cannot be prolonged because of “drug-induced changes” that can be “a result of long-term pharmacotherapy” (Jankowska-Polanska, Nawrocka, and Uchmanowicz 103). From this point, although the process of treating arthritis is long, it should also include more steps other than the use of medications. The second important intervent
Goff, L.S., Foody, M.J., Inzucchi, S., Katz, D., Susan T Mayne, S.T., & Krumholz, M.H. (2006). Nutrition and weight loss information in a popular diet book: is it fact, fiction, or something in between? Journal General Internal Medicine , 21(7), 769–774. This information is derived from a secondary source, citing information from nutrition books. It is pure or fundamental research done to provide and increase knowledge on nutrition. The research methodology used in this research includes; identification of a problem and formulating a research topic as stated above. In addition, it included the objectives of the study, design or measurement, results and conclusion. The study sample was one hundred and eighty-seven nutritional facts. Questionnaires were the instrument used in the study. Out of the forty-two selected sample indicated 33% was supported as fact, 17% was supported as not fact, and 43% as supported and not supported and 3% had no related facts. This research is finding is applicable in nursing practice through providing a basis for accurate nutritional counseling by providing correct nutritional facts to the patients. It can promote health by doing the right interventions. Controlling and preventing particular diseases like diabetes and heart diseases. Promotion of health education by providing credible scientific facts on nutrition. Creating a potential nursing nutritional database where people can consult on nutritional issues. This research finding may fit the Neuman system model since it helps to provide a maximum level of wellness by identifying the right nutrition information. The limitation faced in this journal was collecting all nutritional diet articles and categorizing the contents. Biases evident include design bias in their study. The researcher did not include some aspects of research like variables and hypotheses in the study. Sampling bias is notable; the researcher used a small sample size of one hundred and eight seven samples. Frank M. Sacks, F.M., Bray, G.A., Vincent J. Carey, V.J., Steven R. Smith, R.S., Ryan, D.H., et al. (2009). Comparison of weight-loss diets with different compositions of fat, protein, and carbohydrates, The New England Journal of Medicine, 360(9), 859-873. This journal is of secondary source, respondents were directly interviewed on weight loss. The is an applied type of research including theories to solve the existing weight problem. The article methodology includes; background of the study, study design, measurement, and analysis. The study design was randomized to compare effects on body weight of energy due to diets that differed in their targets for intake of macronutrients. The sample size used was eight hundred and eleven overweight adults. Observation and interviews were used as instruments in this study. Results indicated that reduction of food calories contribute to a decrease in body weight regardless of the macronutrients emphasized. These journal findings can be applied in the management of patients presenting with obesity. Nurses can use th
Management Dilemma DNATA is currently recognized as one of the biggest air service providers in the world with various functions such as cargo carrying, travel opportunities, flight catering, and management of the territories for the aircraft. The company operates worldwide and covers a multitude of countries of Asia, Africa, Europe, America, and Oceania with $ 2.8 billion revenue (Financial Performance par. 1). The company hires thousands of employees with different functions in 38 countries all over the world (currently the total number of DNATA employees is over 20 000) (Careers par. 2). The management dilemma for DNATA is the need for multiple employees that are challenged by the financial pressure (Holloran 15). As a result, DNATA’s solution is to increase the number of part-time workers due to their cheaper labor complicated by the higher rates of turnover. Management Questions DNATA’s staffing strategies include hiring as well as training for the personnel that requires an investment that is limited by the financial pressures caused by the growing oil prices (Siddiqui 3; Holloran 15). Research Questions The questions for the research are DNATA’s use of part-time employment as a way to address the financial pressure and DNATA’s challenge to retain their part-time workers to avoid high turnover. Secondary Data Several secondary sources were required to find the appropriate and useful information to create this case study. First of all, the study had to provide a brief company profile details that included the description of a business, its functions, and the current success and challenges. The numerical data for this part was taken from the official website of the overviewed company called DNATA. Namely, the sections describing the financial performance, career opportunities, and facts about the organization were relied on. The introduction of the company had to be short but informative; this is why it included just a definition of the company and its functions, its revenue statement, and its global coverage. Further, the duties and operations of the business, as well as its worldwide presence and the footprint on every continent mentioned in the introduction define the company’s need for human resources. The challenge (or the management dilemma) facing DNATA was found in the article by Holloran that explores the ground services provided by DNATA and the difficulties that accompany them. To hire a multitude of people, an organization needs significant costs that are often limited by various external factors. In the case of DNATA, they are the financial crises in different parts of the world and the growing oil prices. Holloran’s article provides quotes of many influential managers and executives working at DNATA overviewing the challenges e