ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
This is a response paper to a classical music concert I attended at the Disney Concert Hall in downtown Los Angeles on the 7 th of December 2012. The title of the concert was ‘ Toyota Symphonies for Youths ’ created by Adam Reilly and Igor Stravinsky of the Musical Dramaturg and Production Consultant. The music was conducted by Dietrich Paredes and directed by Abigail Deser. The main idea was to showcase a mix of classical music for the youth. The music was blended with fun and fantasy to entertain teenagers and young people, who are known to enjoy fun music. The first piece of art that I saw was written by Leon Martell and choreographed by Kitty McNamee. In the main auditorium there was a nice synchronized melody of the blend of different musical instrument and a beautiful vocal performance from the performers. There were four performers; one lady and three gentlemen. The lady was mainly doing the vocals while one of the gentlemen was playing the piano, the other was playing an oboe and the last one was playing a bassoon. As usual the stage was well lit and the performers had confidence as they entertained the audience. Since this was a classical music concert, it was obvious the kind of audience that would appreciate the performance. One interesting thing about this concert is the fact that classical music was incorporated with vocals. This is one of the modernizations that this genre of music has had to undergo. Before, it was very uncharacteristic for classical music to use vocals. The writings of the music had to be written down in musical notes and instruments used as the only means of output. Apart from the performance of the first group there were other groups that also performed the Hollywood Bowl Orchestra. The Hollywood Bowl Orchestra is an early piece that was first performed in 1922, by the Eugene Goossens. Just like in the previous performance the orchestra bands also did an amazing performance reading the notations from a script and playing the music with their different instruments. Some of the instruments that I saw being played by the two groups were piano, organ, and harpsichord. These instruments are played mainly solo. Unlike the traditional classical music, I noticed there were several electric equipments that were used; for instance, electric guitar and synthesizers. The music played by the two orchestra bands, were accompanied with impressive ballroom performances whereby ballet dancers would join the music and entertain the audience. The instruments used in classical music have undergone changes from the time the genre began. There is a lot of modernization in which also includes the dress codes and the performers. In this concert each of the performers including the ballet dancer were dressed in suits. Considering the history of classical music and ballroom dancing, the kind of audience that enjoys these pieces of art are the elites of the society. It is usually a common thing to find the audience respecting the value of the music by observing decorum in the auditoriu
Wal-Mart is probably the largest private employer in the United States of America. Over the years it has been accused of discrimination in selection, recruitment, and employment of suitable applicants. Lawsuits have been filed against Wal-Mart by employees and other lobbyists groups demanding the end of discrimination. According to the case file Wal-Mart is accused of violating the Equal Employment Opportunity laws. According to the laws every body has equal employment opportunity regardless of their gender, sex, National origin, religion, color and physical disability among many others. From the case files employees have been discriminated against because of their color, race and gender. For example, it is evident that for more than seven years blacks had been discriminated because of their color and denied employment as truck drivers. Because of this a lawsuit was filed against Wal-Mart and they promised to hire the applicants and employee them. This case on the drivers other than violating equal employment based on color, it can also be seen as discrimination against the minorities. Wal-Mart also discriminated job applicants on the basis of gender. It is clear from the case file that female job applicants were turned down for jobs in the distribution centers on grounds that they were female and they were not needed. According to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission the allegations were true and a verdict was reached that concluded that there was a statistical pattern that showed male employees being hired more than women. To make the case more valid a female applicant who had been turned down in Wal-Mart was employed for the same job position in a different company. The above cases are pure evidences of discrimination at the work place on the basis of gender, color and race (minorities). As a result, the company agreed to pay the plaintiff a certain amount and promised to employee more women and the minority groups. Wal-Mart stores could have avoided the charges by following the law and provisions in the Equal Employment Opportunity Act. By following the provisions there would be no allegations and lawsuits filed against. Turning down male applicants because they are black is clear race and color discrimination that could have been avoided through employing them in a statistically and consistent manner. On the case of against women, the company could have specified that m
Introduction When speaking about the Infant/Toddler Early Education and Care Programs in the United States, Germany, and the Netherlands, one is to keep in mind that parental leave is considered to be quite strong, while the provision of care services for children should be improved. Generally, high-quality infant-toddler care is recognized to be extremely important, as a child’s social, cognitive, physical development depends upon an adequate amount of appropriate care (Gazos, 2010, p. 81). Main Text According to data of U.S. Child Care Bureau, “some 42 percent of CCDF infants and 37 percent of toddlers are in family child care; nearly 10 percent of infants and 8 percent of toddlers are cared for in their homes” (Lee Kreader et al., 2005, p. 2). When speaking about Germany, it is necessary to point out that the most widespread practice of one of the central European countries was recognized to be maternalism. However, our days, one can speak about the shift from materialism to reconciliation, as one of the most important and influential organizations, such as the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) that caused certain changes in relation to maternalist policies (Mahon, n. d., p. 1). For parents from the Netherlands, more adaptable work arrangements were created. For instance, it should be pointed out that “each member of a couple would work, in principle, for three-quarters of the official working period, and so between them, be able to provide parental care for their child(ren) on a half-time weekly basis” (“Starting Strong II,” 2006, p. 26). In some countries the financial incentives can be removed; and thus, without subsidization parents cannot provide their children with appropriate care. In other words, one can make a conclusion that government insufficient supply seems to be one of the key reasons for child care poor quality. In spite of the fact that many women devote all their time to their children, there is a certain interdependence between low wages and lack of language proficiency, interactive skills, and other issues, which impact children’s successful process of socialization. Generally, the socio-emotional development of children depends upon their parents’ remuneration. So, when speaking about low wages and low remuneration, one is to keep in mind numerous negative effects and their relation to children’s development. The provision of care services for children also depends upon certain demographic challenges. For instance, the countries with a high number of immigrants face serious educational challenges; while population decline in other countries promotes the activity of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. In 1996-2001, “Mathematica Policy Research Inc., Columbia University’s Center for Children and Families, and the EHS Research Consortium (17 EHS programs, 15 university-based research teams, and ACF) evaluated 3-year old graduates from EHS in 17 programs t
The theoretical justification of the lesson In our instructional plan, we have used the approach proposed by Anderson (2004), who asserts that the most effective way of blended learning is the combination of several forms of interaction, such as learner-teacher, learner-content, and learner-learner interactions (44). We have used the mixture of traditional means of learning and online learning, which provides the pupils with additional content. The aim of our project is to improve the students knowledge of Arabic and to develop their communicative skills discussing the conversational topic, which is the United Arab Emirates. It is suggested that the lesson will be held in a class equipped with computers with internet access. Main Body For the successful realization of the goals of the lesson and the involvement of the participants in the learning process, the students are expected to have some prior basic knowledge of Arabic grammar. Moreover, it is presupposed that the students vocabulary allows constructing the simplest sentences in Arabic. In case some students do not have such skills, the repetition of the educational material is involved in the initial part of the lesson, because such a process as the rehearsal “helps transfer information from short-term memory into long-term memory” (“Study Book: Learning Theories for Online Education” 47). The evaluation of the students prior knowledge will be realized by means of a short recitation. By the end of the lesson, students are to be expected to demonstrate a clear understanding of the vocabulary material and the ability to apply it practically. Moreover, the students have to show the proper use of the past and present tenses. In order to make certain of it, at the end of the lesson the students will be asked to fulfill some lexical exercises revealing their practical skills obtained during the lesson and to answer the teachers questions. The students are expected to compose seven completed expanded sentences with the proper use of the present and past tenses. For the given lesson, we are planning to use the following educational materials and technical training aids: computers with internet access and relevant software, a plasma screen, and instructive cards. The cards are represented by two types. The first type introduces a new vocabulary. The second type is an exercise, which is necessary to perform using this material. Taking into consideration the age of the participants, the main strategy that we have chosen for our lesson is the spiral curriculum . This strategy implies the “representing of the material in the childrens form of thought and then introducing it in the more serious form” (Study Book: Learning Theories for Online Education 104). Moreover, by presenting material we are planning to be based on subsumption , which supposes “the considering or including the notion or idea as a part of a more comprehensive one” (Study Book: Learning Theories for Online Education 57). New information technologies provide new possibilities for the le
Introduction Effectiveness of door-in-the-face and foot-in-the-door techniques of increasing compliance while making request varies slightly. Relatively significant difference in the percentage effect of using these two methods compared to control is high. People are expected to comply with a specified request than when the task is unspecified. Most people do not easily accept unspecified requests even if they are simple tasks. However, significant difference in the rates of accepting are seen when the request is specified. Multiple studies have show significant increase in compliance when Door-in –the-face and foot-in-the door techniques are used (Rodafinos, Vucevic & Sideridis, 2005; Dillard, 1990). When an extremely large request is made to a person, he/she is likely to decline. When a relatively smaller request is made after, more people comply as compared to when no request had been made earlier. Exposure to an initial, large request could cause subjects to perceive a subsequent, smaller request as less demanding than would subjects who had never been exposed to the large request; consequently, the former type of subject are expected to comply more with the critical request (Cialdini et al. 1974). Door-in-the-face techniques are effective on their own way compared to request in control conditions. Obtaining a person’s compliance using a small favor increase the chances of that person’s compliance with a subsequent larger request by 15 to 25% (Dillard, 1990). When the required request task is large, people comply when a simple request precede the actual request which is bigger. In this study, students of the same sex were targeted by individual to make the conditions constant. This strategy would lead to increased positive results for all the studies. More positive
Introduction The key to a successful business is customer satisfaction. Customers want to have their needs addressed in the right way and manner, and only then it is possible to win their loyalty and drive business growth since satisfied customers will always want to come back and even give referrals. Mega bytes restaurant does not underestimate the power of customer satisfaction and hence the reason the management decided to assess how well their customers were satisfied. A survey was conducted for a period of three months in which customers were asked to rate their satisfaction. Surprisingly, the survey revealed that customers had issues, for example, the waiting time was long. Information from the respondents showed that lack of customer satisfaction was a product of many factors as outlined below. First, the customers had to wait for seats and this was the major source of dissatisfaction followed closely by poor arrangements of the buffet table. Thirdly, the tables were not clean and that at times, the rooms were so drafty. Those were cited as the major causes though in addition to them, other minor reasons were cited as waiting for coffee for a long time, missing utensils, failure to provide dietetic sweetener and lack of ashtrays on the table. In order to address the issues and improve customer satisfaction, management resulted to getting a team of employees who used the Seven Step Model (SSM) to critically analyze the root cause of the problem, potential causes and probable solutions in an analytical approach. The following is a systematic procedure and analysis of the seven step method. The Seven-Step Method According to Winston and Mark (2008, pg.9), the first step is project definition which entails defining the problem in terms of the current situation and what is expected, determining the importance of analyzing the problem and establishing evaluation measures. In this case, the problem was defined as customers waiting too long to be seated and the team had to analyze issues such as when the waiting started and when it ended. Therefore, the problem that needed to be solved was waiting time taken by a customer to be seated. The second step involves assessment of the current situation, which implies that baseline date is gathered, designing flow chart and sketches, identification of relevant variables and data collection instruments, collecting information and taking a summary of the variables effect on the problem. Any useful additional information can be gathered at this time. In this case, current situation was assessed in terms of floor set-up (arrangement) and the number of customers who waited for more than
Summary of the Article Daniel I. Prajogo and Christopher M. McDermott wrote the article under consideration entitled “The relationship between total quality management practices and organizational culture”. The article was published in the International Journal of Operations & Production Management in 2005. The authors provide readers with the results of the study aimed at identifying the way organizational cultures can influence the implementation of the Total Quality Management (TQM) practices. Authors test two views on the nature of the corporate culture: pluralist and unitarist views. Almost two hundred Australian organizations were evaluated during the research under analysis. The literature review is the first part of the article where authors define the most significant notions. First, authors differentiate the concept of TQM from the organizational culture. Total Quality Management should be regarded as a set of organizational practices. These practices include leadership, planning and strategy, information and analysis, people management, process management, and customer focus (Prajogo & McDermott, 2005). The notion of culture refers to the beliefs and attitudes typical for the organization. Second, TQM is influenced by the organizational culture as far as it is a one-way process. Finally, authors investigate the nature of pluralistic and unitarist views and suggest related terms of unidimensional and multidimensional TQM. Authors evaluate four types of cultures including group, developmental, hierarchical, and rational types. The findings of the study present the fact that pluralistic view has advantages in comparison to unidimensional models. The hierarchical culture is prevailing in multidimensional TQM. Although the aspects of multidimensional TQM can be rather controversial, it is possible to unite them in harmonic co-existence. It is of great significance to achieve the unity between people-centered and control elements. Learning Points Related to Operation Management Total Quality Management is realized via the combination of several constituents such as leadership, information and analysis, people and process managements, focus on customers, and planning and strategy. The article under consideration investigates all of these features within the frameworks of unidimensional and multidimensional organizational cultures. The following learning points of the article relate to the operational management: • Total Quality Management aims at improving the performance of the organization at
The two religions of Hinduism and Buddhism deal with familiar problems but proffer diverse solutions. Both the religions deal with a common theme or problem of the ‘Samsara’, which is actually the circle of life comprising of the three basic events in the life of a human; birth, death, and rebirth. Both the religions, Hinduism and Buddhism offer solutions to reduce this problem but by the means of methods detached from each other. The accomplishment of the elevating state of ‘Moksha’ is the final goal of Hinduism, whereas Buddhism aspires to attain the elevating state of ‘Nirvana’ as its final aim. ‘Moksha’, the final outcome of which is ultimate peace and knowledge of Atman (self) and Brahman (transcendent reality, God), can be defined as a “release from the cycle of rebirth impelled by the law of karma” (Dictionary.com, Moksha) and ‘Nirvana’ is a condition in which, “ there is neither suffering, desire, nor sense of self, and the subject is released from the effects of karma and Samsara” (Dictionary.com, Nirvana). Thus we see how the two religions deal with a common objective of ‘ending the cycle of Samsara’, but with different approaches, the point of divergence being not only in the manner of achievement of the goal but also the actual goal itself along with the function of the ‘self’ or the ‘atman’ (conscience) at the final course of attainment of Samsara. The primary distinction between the two religions, which necessitates emphasis, is the role of the ‘Brahman’, which, in Hinduism is elucidated as an everlasting, immeasurable ‘Being’ devoid of any gender and is considered to be the supreme actuality. In order to comprehend the process of attaining ‘Moksha’ in Hinduism, the role of the Brahman needs clear elucidation because the course that directs to the emancipation of the Samsara initiates only when the conscience/soul of a being recognizes its foundation/basis, which is the supreme source, the Brahman, from where it has actually stemmed. Hinduism proclaims the attainment of moksha is crucial to ‘reach’ the Ultimate Self (Brahman) and can be achieved by following various paths or the yogas, such as the ‘Karma Yoga’ or selfless work, the ‘Jnana Yoga’ or Knowledge, the ‘Raja Yoga’ or meditation and in particular the ‘Bhakti yoga’ which entails absolute and total devo
Introduction In each country, there is a place that attracts attention of many people from different parts of the world. Such sites have their own history, ideas, and impacts on the citizens as well as on the tourists. There are many reasons of why countries find it obligatory and interesting to have their own sights and introduce them to the tourists in a variety of ways. Observing the site of a particular city is a frequent activity during which a tourist is free to learn more about the traditions of the country, about the preferences of the citizens, and about the intentions inherent to people around. The point is that visiting sights is one of the first reasons of many tourists. It is a kind of passion by means of which people are ready to organize their travels. Sometimes it is even hard to choose a country for visit as almost each country has a number of cities where numerous amazing sites can be found. Austria is the country that deserves the right to be mentioned as the country with rich past, unbelievable power, and true intentions to become better with time. Being one of the smallest countries in the world, Austria is regarded to be a memorable birthplace of amazing music that spreads around the whole world, the source of inspiration for many writers and artists, the brightest example of how imperial past may define the quality of palaces, castles, and other buildings [1] . Evaluation of the country and its cultural heritage begins with the discussion of the sights of its capital. Vienna is the Austria’s capital, its primary city, and its cultural and political center. First settlements in Vienne have been found at the beginning of the 15 BC [2] , this is why it is possible to admit that the history of the city as well as its major sites is bright indeed. In this paper, one of the main sites of Vienna, Austria, will be evaluated from a variety of perspectives to prove that the city as well as the country has a lot to say using its past experience, its own ambitions, interests, and ideas. The Schönbrunn Palace had its roots from the middle of the 14 th century when Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II made a decision to buy the territory close to the Wien River and called it Katterburg [3] . The main reason of why the emperor bought the land was passion to hunting, and the chosen territory was a magnificent masterpiece where a number of people could enjoy the process of hunting as well as the results of meetings. During the 14-15 th centuries, one of the main interests of the Austrian citizens was hunting, this is why people tried to find as much land as possible to meet their demands and create appropriate conditions for life. This is why it is not a surprise to observe the land of the future Schönbrunn Palace as the main place for hunting: massive landscapes, nature, and sun light were available for people. The role of the Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna is crucial indeed. It is not only one of the most significant cultural heritages in Austria. It is a place where a number of emperors and ordinary people spend their time being busy with their duties and completing their functions. Each century is a nee epoch under which the pa