ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The Theme of Pilgrimage Dante analyses the theme of pilgrimage in the Inferno to drive humanity to the status of happiness. This is purely a divine comedy. A journey controlled by divine power is full of love that can move the stars and the sun and take individuals to happiness. Rejecting the divine power is a recipe for people living in misery and they end up harming themselves or others (Dante and Allen 24). This is what Dante calls unhappiness. Divine love is supposed to be embraced in place of ego. People mistakenly use self-interests to pursue happiness and this drifts them away from life and love. They are instead supposed to use divine love that gives happiness. The author insists that the ego that is pursued by people has made the society corrupt and inhabitable as it stinks from rotten elements. Dante has used various structures in his divine comedy to illustrate the journey that is a pilgrimage. Hell, for instance, represents a perfect visionary image for what he compares to the corrupt and rotten society where people are driven by the ego is trying to look for happiness. He takes the reader through the structure of hell. Some scientists have thought of referring to hell as being below the earth’s surface because of the temperatures. To begin with, Dante describes hell as being an infinite pit that runs from the surface of the earth to the center. The description of the earth brings out the image of a dark, dead, and dreary place (Dante and Allen 43). The pit that makes up hell gets narrower as it moves from the surface to the center of the earth. The dreary part is felt when he describes the pit as darker with every step towards the center. The description by Dante and Virgil develops claustrophobia in the reader as the image of how hell looks like continues to be formed in their minds. The pilgrimage is scary as the characters are squeezed in a reek and noise that torments them as they get to the lowest point of the center full of ice and there no signs of life at all (Dante and Allen 7). This description can be used well in the evaluation of Dante’s differentiation of happiness and unhappiness. As the author explains at the beginning, he desires to use his divine comedy to move people from an unhappy life to a status of happiness. He gives a warning to what entails drifting away from life and love. The description of what hell looks like emphasizes his caution at the beginning. In a pyramid that would resemble that of physiological needs by Maslow, occupation in at the bottom of the pitch is structured. Greedy people, those who do not live because others live, those who want everything for themselves, those who surrender to lust easily, the cupid and those, who are quick to anger are destined to occupy the highest levels (Dante and Allen 56). Violent people will occupy the second tier. The last and lowest layer is reserved for those who deliberately misuse the abilities given to them by the divine power. Human aspects that are misused include the power to speak, think, and the obligation to express truth. The natural bond of love dictates the best way people should live. It is responsible for love an
Introduction In 1948, Burma attained her independence from Britain and the General Aung Sann regime embraced democratic ideologies. Nonetheless, the 1962 coup d’état ruined democratic processes (Keling et al. 2010). Currently, the country has made relatively huge democratic milestones, but the military still has a strong influence (Williams 2015). Arguably, the democratic process in Burma borrows a lot from the radical democracy theory (the proponents of the theory state that the role of democracy is to oust hierarchical and oppressive power from the society) (Dahlberg 2013). This paper, therefore, examines the extent of democracy in Burma with the reference to the political engagement of pro-democratic leaders, the Burma political system, political history, political instability, the influence of the military on the state, elections and civil society, the judiciary, and constructive engagement into the economy. Political background Recently, Myanmar has made considerable political reforms. Political unrest has revolutionized Myanmar’s political system from a military-based socialist regime to an emerging democracy. However, the military effect is still evident in the Myanmar political system (Steinberg 2015). For instance, the 1990 elections were followed by unprecedented use of military intervention to suppress the opposition. The opposition boycotted the 2010 elections citing gross election malpractices (Priya 2014). The 2015 general elections were considered the freest and fair nationwide elections. Since the parliament first convened in 2010, elections are the only multiparty elections. There was 70% voter turnout, and the opposition, NLD party led by Suu Kyi, secured a majority of both upper and lower houses of parliament seats. As such, the ruling party got the minority of the parliamentary seats (Mahtani & Myo 2015). With such an outcome, political experts foresee governance challenges. There are possibilities of agitations for political power-sharing. Additionally, more political reforms and sectarian violence are looming. Political instability Unfair treatment of the minority has characterized the political leadership in Burma and, therefore, political unrest, anti-government rebels, and nationalist leaders have been involved in fighting for reforms. As a result, the political situation in Burma has been unstable for a long period. The 1962 coup d’état resulted in a military takeover that led to short-lived relative stability. The barbaric suppression and strong military rule led to major political unrest in 1988. The military junta did not relinquish power, refusing to step down after losing in the 1990 elections. The arrest of opposition leaders and monks further create
Introduction Lawyers or attorneys have one of the most important, challenging and at some point complicated responsibilities among the many other professions that we have today. There are many different kind of lawyers, but the most prominent and probably with the most challenging role are the criminal lawyers. Because of the responsibilities that lawyers have once they have committed themselves to their clients, there are times that their morality is put to test. The Criminal Lawyers’ Duties to their Clients “ A lawyer has to be with a client loyal, knowledgeable, skillful, and industrious. A lawyer shall use all suitable means to protect and advance the client’s legitimate rights, claims, and objectives. A lawyer shall not be frightened by a real or imagined fear of judicial disfavor or public unpopularity, nor be influenced by mere self-interest” (“Lawyers Duties to Clients”, 2008) The above statement summarized the lawyers’ duties to every client who may seek for their services. This can be perceived as easy in a way that people may of course seek the lawyers’ assistance in cases wherein they need to prosecute somebody who may have done their harm or if the client feels that his/her right has been breached and he/she wants to fight for it. This is exactly what lawyers are trained for. They are to protect and help uphold the rights of every individual. They have dedicated themselves into ensuring that their client’s intentions will be served rightfully. But this very duty of the lawyers is said to be tough in some instances wherein they have to defend their clients, especially when the case is a much publicized one and many proofs have been pointed out against the client even before any court trial proceedings. If I am a lawyer, what will I do if I personally think that my client is guilty beyond reasonable doubt? Will I continue to defend him/her? What if my morality will be at stake? First, we need to think about the real meaning of morality? According to Cohen (1985) being moral is being truthful and at the same time defending what you believe is right and true. Being a morally good person is also achieved by serving others what you think is best for them. And lastly, being a morally good person means being able to keep what you have committed upon. This means that once a lawyer has agreed to somebody that he will defend him, that agreement will be binding and the lawyer should be loyal to the said client. He will not act as a ‘traitor’ by breaching the trust given to him by the client. With Cohen’s article, it can be clearly inferred that lawyers can indeed maintain their morals by keeping with their words and ensuring that the interest of their client, however bad or negative they are perceived by the people, are served justifiably. Secondly, we need to analyze if the client can indeed seek for a lawyer’s assistance to defend himself (even though he believed to have committed a crime)? It is stated in the basic principles of lawyers that “ all persons are entitled to call upon the assistance of a la
Introduction The following essay is concerned with the international relations that exist between various countries in the world. The essay examines as to whether or not the founding of the United Nations represent a radical departure from the system of international law and/or international society prior to 1945.However,it is important to determine the foundation of international law. International law which is sometimes known as public international law refers to the law that is concerned withy regulating relations between countries. Human beings are social animals implying that they becomes civilizes as time passes by. During the past, human beings were not guided by any laws. However, the civilization of mankind enabled man to come up withy principles that will be followed in order to ensure that there is order in the society. The origin of international law can be traced back in the 6 th Century BC when a North African ethnic group and the Carthaginians interacted by trading gold and other valuable commodities. The two communities exchanged commodities by being honest to each other and thus avoiding conflicts. Interaction between states also occurred in ancient Eurasia whereby three independent states i.e. Mesopotamia, Nothern Island and the classical Greece shared a common regulatory system. There was cultural unity among the above three states and this facilitated the emergence of various standard practices of international law. Studies by Emmerich de Vattel (1714-1767 ) and Hugo and Emmer(1583-1645 ) showed that the emergence of international law systems can be founded on the balance of power theory which is based on the principle that, states tend to join one another in order to restrain a state that is deemed to have gained excess power. The United Nations emerged in 1945 with an aim of coordinating the states’ actions and to address the global issues such as peace and security. Before this period, there were devastating wars whereby many people lost their lives and thus the United Nations helped to turn around the situation (Collin & Collin, 2009, 102). Founding of the UN The Second World War ended in 1945 and all the citizens across the globe regretted the consequences of the war. They thus agreed that there should never be another war in the future as many people died during the war. The US led other states such as the UK and the Soviet Union in an effort to unite all nations and to enhance peace across the globe and thus the UN was established as a result.Currently, the UN is an organization that is comprised of sovereign states and its headquarters are based in New York. The role of the UN The United Nations have been in existence for more than 50 years and its central function has been to maintain peace across the globe. The United Nations has played an important role of resolving disputes between the states, reducing tensions, preventing conflicts and also helping to end devastating wars. Founding of the UN represent a radical departure of
Maggie Fox writing for NBC News wrote that, if health care was banking it would take days to withdraw money from an ATM because records would be misplaced and if it were airline pilots would have to depend on their own intuitions to dictate which safety checks to carry out (Fox, 2012). Well, not too harsh an assessment considering the mess that currently bedevils our health care system. As a matter of fact, the rain has not just started beating us now; the US health care system was declared broken and requiring fixing more than a decade ago. This underscores the recent spate of actions in terms of policy legislation that we are still yet to all agree on. That aside, there are serious issues with our health care system. Issues of priority such as access in terms of the uninsured, quality and cost in that order are the three most important things in a health care system (Nyman, 2003). I will highlight and discuss in detail each of the three in this paper. It is quite unfortunate that in the US the most developed economy in the world today access to health care is right now an issue yet to be addressed fully. Most recent statistics indicate that close to 40 million Americans in this day and era are uninsured and still have to struggle to meet their health care requirements (Squires, 2012). A few critics would argue that insurance and access cannot be taken as one since the uninsured could still walk into any health care facility and get medical attention at their own cost. However, this would be the narrowest thinking to look at this issue. With the ever escalating costs, upsurge of chronic diseases requiring complex and costly medical routines to prevent and cure, one can never go wrong in arguing that health insurance is an essential part of care access. Any sound and viable plan for the future to fix our health care system therefore must arise to this fact and promise to offer universal coverage that guarantees every American citizen right to basic health plan of their choice. Secondly, quality is an important aspect of a sound health care system. According to OECD health data database 2011, despite high health care costs and spending as well quality indicators of health in the US reflect variable performance and notably not any superior in comparison with other far less expensive systems of other countries in the study (Squires, 2012). Even though the US is notably rated among the best countries with the highest survival rates for certain chronic ailments in some other chronic diseases the same trend is not consistent with poor showing and in some instances below average performance. Given that in some of these chronic conditions that the US records a poor showing make up and indeed constitute an increasing share of the disease burden casts doubts as to the quality of care accorded by our current system. Thirdly but not least
Review of major steps The projector has a remote control which may be used to control the operations of the projector from a distance. Before using the remote control, ensure that the batteries are well inserted at the back of the remote control. The range in which the remote control can be used is about 10m. While using the remote control, ensure that direct sunlight or fluorescent light does not impinge on the remote control sensor. The installation of the projector should be done carefully. The size of the picture on the screen is varied by changing the distance between the projector and the screen. The front and rear projections can be achieved by mounting the projector accordingly as explained in the manual. Once the projector has been mounted, basic connections are made to the required equipment. This may be a computer, video camera or a DVD player. While making these connections, it should be ensured that power is not supplied to the projector. Once the connections have been made, the lens cap is removed. The projector is then connected to a power source and adjusted to the required angle of projection. There are several options on the projector’s menu and there explanations are provided in the manual. The options are used to set effects on the projected image. The lamp of the projector may be replaced in case it malfunctions. Maintenance of the projector involves cleaning of the air filter, cleaning the ventilation grille and cleaning of the lens. All the maintenance activities should be conducted when the projector is not supplied with power. The projector also has LED indicators which are used to indicate the working conditions of the projector. In case of any faults, these indicators can be used to indicate in case there is a fault. They are also used to indicate the state of the projector. All the specifications for all the components of the projector are provided in the user manual (Lannon, 2003). Warnings:  1. Only appropriate power cords for either U.S. or Europe should be used.  2. The plug used for the projector should be a three wire with a ground connection. The ground pin should never be removed  3. The parameters of the power supplied to the projector are 100-240V AC50/60HZ. The supplied power should always be in the given range.  4. Always ensure that the power cord is not broken as this may result to an electric shock.  5. The power cord should not be reversed to prevent any chances of electric shock.  6. Direct eye contact with the projector’s lens should always be avoided as this may result in eye problems. Troubleshooting Problem                                                     Cause                                                                                              Possible sol
Introduction In today’s world of business and changing technology, the implementation of financial economic entrepreneurship has made organizations’ successes to depend on the management of systems operations according to Laudon &Laudon (2009). This has become vital as a competitive business environment has made managers to realize the power of customers’ influence in directing the organization. In relation to the above statement, a high quality of production is very much a process that starts from the management to the consumer and which starts from manufacturing, selling, and delivery to the end points. Thus operations management maximizes the organization’s profits hence greater impact on the end results in the social spectrum according to Hisrich et al (2009). In addition, because of the constant growth of competition in the market, many organizations are faced with the difficulty to succeed in revamping their influence on the consumers and thus they are forced to review their operation systems. Therefore, in studying Atokowa organization, the report shows the operations management process and analyses the power of data to manage the organizations effectiveness of its programs and operations. The aim of the report is guided by the implementation of recommendations adopted from data management. Systems and Operations Management In looking at the definition of a system, it is neat arrangement of related activities and procedures that facilitate the implementation of main functions in an organization. These systems include structures, inputs, processes and outputs. In considering the four, we see that all organizational systems require p
John B. Watson was a famous American psychologist of the first half of 20th century. He is considered as the establisher of the psychological school of behaviorism. Applying his behaviorism method, he developed and described several studies dealing with children raising and animal behavior. He also is an author whose books on psychology are among the most cited through the 20th century (Haggbloom et al. 139). Watson also conducted one of the most famous and discussed psychological experiment known as “Little Albert.” Watsons’s major contributions to psychology are the topic of the present essay. One of Watson’s famous works, “Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It”, was first published in 1913 and is a so-called The Behaviorist Manifesto. The major principles of his new theory are presented and explained there. He claims psychology as behaviorist views to be an objective branch of natural science, as well as there are no significant differences in the general line of behavior of a human and an animal (Watson Psychological review 158). Watson emphasizes the external behavior of humans in the certain situations they are put in, neglecting their mental activity at that time. He claims that analyzing the reactions and behavior is the only objective way to understand human actions. In his another work Behaviorism Watson discusses definitions and the nature of speech and memory, calling language a “manipulative habit” that develops through the imitation of surrounding people; and memory is a response to the stimuli of human’s previous life experience, that can be easily brought to mind by repeating certain accompanying actions (Watson Behaviorism 186). Watson’s study of emotions claims that the first emotions baby experiences are fear, rage and love. A loss of physical support or a sudden loud noise or might cause fear in infants. A forced immobilizing of a baby later transferred to any physical enforcement of the individual, causes rage. Love is invoked by mother’s touching activity in early childhood resulting in baby’s positive respond, and transferring it later to other people who perform the same activity pattern (Crain 109). Another significant branch of Watson’s scientific activity was dealing with children rearing. In 1928, he wrote his book Psychological Care of Infant and Child, stating that children have to be raised as young adults, and too much care and affection provided by parents will play a bad role in individual’s further life as the society does not provide children and young people with the amount of care the loving parents do. Watson warned
Modern federalism is at crossroads in maintaining balance between national and state government. Development and evolution of democracy over the centuries has been focusing on devolution of central powers of government to increase independence of the local states. Currently, since the United States has experienced effectiveness of both national and local governments, the politicians are busy advocating for the balance between the two. Some politicians are advocating for devolution to increase independence of various states and the subsequent development while others are advocating for centralization of powers for the standardization of laws and policies towards resolution of a common problem. Modern federalism in the United States does not distinguish between national issues and local issues because politicians are group the issue together as common problems that need common solution and hence centralization of issues. Derthick argues that, “as these contrasting conceptions suggest, American federalism is a highly protean form, long on change and confusion, short on fixed, generally accepted principles” (Para. 3). Thus, the state of federalism in the United States is obscure because national and local forces are actively pulling their sides. When vice president, Albert Gore, in 2000 sought presidential nomination on democratic ticket, he gave detailed manifesto on the issues that he would deal with if elected as president of the United States. Since the United States has devolved form of government with strong legislations that distinguish central and local government, the manifesto of Albert Gore did reflect federalism. Among the issues in his manifesto was education, which lies in jurisdiction of the local government and not national government according to the federal legislations. “Gore’s ‘blizzard of positions’ included preschool for all children, a ban on gang-style clothing, teacher testing, ‘second-chance’ schools for trouble-prone students, back-to-school parent-teacher meetings where a strict discipl