ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Public rail and road networks play a significant role in supporting economic development and transforming citizens’ lives. In the United States, the relevant agencies and departments continue to ignore the realities associated with the nation’s aging infrastructure system. This paper relies on the information presented in the video “The Race to Rebuild America’s Infrastructure” to analyze the issues surrounding this problem. It also provides evidence-based strategies for addressing the challenge and meeting citizens’ needs. Personal Thoughts The present situation is quite disappointing since the agencies supposed to review and rebuild this country’s infrastructure have failed to act swiftly. This delay has triggered numerous threats, such as increased costs of maintenance, reduced security, and health risks. Members of the community will eventually be unable to achieve their economic gains and lead poor lives (American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017). I think that the issue requires the coordination and involvement of all the relevant stakeholders to prioritize specific areas, offer timely decisions, and allocate adequate funds to support the delivery of positive results. The involved stakeholders need to examine all emerging problems and repair the country’s infrastructure systems to continue sustaining economic development. Possible Consequences The deteriorating American public infrastructure system is capable of triggering various consequences that have the potential to affect the lives of many citizens. For instance, bridges and roads in poor conditions damage tires and moving parts, thereby increasing repair costs. Individuals will take longer to travel from point A to B while using more funds to meet their gas needs (Mills, 2012). Damaged roads will increase the risk for accidents and make it harder for emergency responders to achieve their aims. Dilapidated infrastructure systems will also affect access to electricity, transportation services, and water. The end result is that more people will be compelled to pay increased costs for most of the available utilities (American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017). The government, citizens, and other agencies will incur additional expenses for vehicle repairs and living standards. Finally, the country will be unable to coordinate most of the initiatives intended to promote the level of security. Actions to Address the Issue The problem of financial resources explains the government has taken long to cons
The domain of public health lacks precision and the establishment of the appropriate clinical treatment to the patients, who face psychological difficulties. The idea may be corroborated with a range of practical examples. Thus, in this work, I concern one of my acquaintances, who is diagnosed with schizoid decease. The analyzed intellectual problem is characterized by such features as apathy, disinterest in the surrounding environment, and attachment to loneliness. Despite the boy possesses a stable family support and an excellent academic history, he is often misperceived by the society since the dullness and gloominess, which are revealed by him, scare off the community. As far as I am concerned, the young individual, who is schizoid, faces the problem, which can be overtook with the help of the appropriate social and clinical assistance. Nevertheless, the boy does not receive an appropriate psychological therapy since it is often hard for the public health specialists to find an approach to unfriendly and detached patients. Thus, my friend often relates to me that his sessions of psychological therapy end up with the specialists abandoning the boy alone with his problems since they can not succeed in drawing any information from him. Conclusively, one can say that the greatest problem of the contemporary public health domain concerns an unprofessional treatment of the individuals with the complicated intellectual disabilities. Therefore, it might be recommended for the clinical professionals to convert to individualized care methodologies with an aim of improving the quality of psychological assistance. Furthermore, the integration of the detached and apathetic individuals in the activities of social life elaborates intellectual care. The problem of terrorism roots in the disorders of human psychology since it stems from the political and personal misunderstandings as well as law pressures. The criticality of the issue is evolved if one reflects on the consequences of terroristic effects. Thus, the attacks, traditionally, end up not only with the damage of the side, which initiates terrorism but also with the creation of threatening environment for innocent citizens. That is why, the stimulation of terrorism deterrence has the vital security meaning, which refers to the welfare of the global community (Morral & Jackson, 2014). The problem of terrorism should be addressed on several levels. Primarily, the issue stems from the individual mentality concerns. Therefore, the domain of public health has to pay a considerable attention to the revelation of extremism and aggressive behavior revelation, in clinical conditions. If the signs of te
Dietz, W. H. (2020). Climate change and malnutrition: We need to act now. The Journal of Clinical Investigation , 130 (2), 556-558. Web. Dietz’s article describes the two most critical current environmental threats: climate change and malnutrition. The author encourages the human population to revaluate our habits and needs in terms of food consumption, agriculture, land, and transportation use, as they directly affect the planet’s future. The strong point of Dietz’s research is that it provides plenty of data on the increase of GHG around the world, including a graphic example. I consider this article extremely relevant as it urges to act immediately, uncovers how our unhealthy and irresponsible habits are adding to the climatic change, and explains what consequences that may have. Currently, Dr. William H. Dietz is the head of the Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity at the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta. It appears that pediatric obesity is his main field of study, which logically explains why the article has many mentions of obesity and other diseases. In his article, Dietz remains realistic as he forecasts the future of the planet, which I find convincing and motivational. Nevertheless, I think that the article would be perceived better if Dietz used more illustrations instead of solely statistical data. All the projections and warnings not only make me want to reconsider my diet and start making sustainable choices and purchases in general. O’Neill, B.C., Carter, T.R., Ebi, K. et al. (2020). Achievements and needs for the climate change scenario framework. Nature Climate Change , 10 , 1074-1084. Web. In their article, O’Neill et al. research climate change scenarios and estimate how successful a particular scenario framework is. The authors come from all over the world; some studied in Environment Institutes and Centers for Climate research, others pursued careers in Research and Economics, but their expertise is combined in this study. The researchers offer a new approach on how the framework mentioned above could be used and developed more effectively. The framework’s goals are all aimed at supporting and spreading climate-related research within and outside research communities while taking into account the unpredictability of future climatic and societal futures. The authors include a detailed description of the SSP-RCP framework, which is accompanied by pictures and schemes throughout the article. Despite the framework being successful and showing progress, O’Neill et al. state that there are aspects in which it can be improved. This paper is important for my field of study as it highlights the importance of the research community. It is also highly informative; every section contains illustrations, graphs, and plenty of examples. The researchers conclude that both the society and the research community can help prevent climatic change in case the SSP–RCP framework and the societal integration, regional applicability, policy research, and its relevancy get improved. I wish eve
Introduction Two weeks ago, the local paper reported an accident involving an 80-year-old driver. The elderly woman had crossed the centerline of the highway and hit an oncoming van head on. The older woman was killed. Fortunately, no one was seriously injured in the other vehicle. Too often, this story plays out in communities across the nation. Older people can be dangerous behind the wheel… When young people turn 16 in most states, they must go through both a written and a performance test in order to get a permit to drive. The written test is very thorough, but most of the information has no meaning until drivers gain actual experience. The performance-based test, actually driving with an officer in the car, is more accurate. The assumption is that new drivers need to be tested. However, that same assumption is not made for people in their 60’s, 70’s, 80’s, or even 90’s. It is time for states to require drivers over 59 years of age to complete a competence test every five years. Main body Elderly drivers have experience, but they also have many handicaps that prevent them from being careful drivers. With age comes a slowing down of reflexes. Safe drivers must be able to react quickly to changes on the road. Also, most elderly people have problems with their vision. This is particularly true of their night vision. Many are hearing impaired which means problems with noticing sirens, racing engines coming up behind them, or environmental noises that might mean danger. Some senior citizens also lack focus, or mental sharpness. In fact, it is very difficult to diagnose Alzheimer’s in its early stages. Drivers without all their faculties running at capacity are scary to contemplate when they’re driving a two ton vehicle. Put all of these together, and a very dangerous combination occurs. The lack of physical and mental alertness that handicaps older drivers is obvious to other drivers, but not so obvious to elderly drivers. Almost everyone has gotten behind a slow moving car or truck, and upon passing found that the slow driver was an old man or an old woman. Driving too slowly can be just as hazardous as driving too fast. Impatient drivers will take risks to pass a slow moving car and the results can be deadly. Elderly drivers usually don’t realize that their reflexes, their hearing, and their vision are not what they used to be. They feel a strong sense of independence and will try to drive when they are no longer safe to do so. The remedy for this problem is to require driving tests for senior citizens. At least every five years past the age of 59, people should be required to pass a physical driving test. If there are deficiencies in the performance, these can be marked on drivers licenses. Also, elderly drivers might be required to have a younger adult in the car with them when they drive. This is like a reversal of the permit system that teenagers have to go through before they receive permanent licenses. If elderly drivers have problems with vision, they might be restricted from driving at night. Problems with mental alertness might result in restricting them from driving on interstates or at heavy traffic time
The Knight is the narrator of the first tale in Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales. The Knight’s character is the complete opposite of the knight in the Wife of Bath’s Tale who rapes a girl. During the group’s pilgrim to Canterbury the Host suggests a story telling competition. The Knight draws the shortest stick and tells his tale first (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2013). Getting to tell his tale first is a sign of his social standing in medieval England. His tale is about a love triangle involving two knights and a woman. The two young knights, Arcite and Palamon, are prisoners of Theseus, Duke of Athens. While locked up in a tower they see Emelye in a nearby garden and fall in love with her. Later Arcite is set free but on condition that he never sets foot in Athens again. The Knight presents us with the cruelty played by fate. Arcite is a free man but cannot access Emelye while Palamon can see Emelye but is in captivity. Arcite manages to make his way back to Athens in disguise. Palamon eventually escapes and bumps into Arcite singing about love and fortune. A duel between the two is thwarted by the appearance of Theseus. The Duke organizes a proper duel between the two where the victor gets Emelye’s hand in marriage. Arcite prays to Mars for victory and Palamon prays to Venus to make Emelye his bride. Arcite defeats Palamon but falls off his horse before he can claim Emelye. Before dying he urges Emelye to marry Palamon. The gods had managed to grant both men their prayers (Finlayson, 1992). Through his tale, the Knight depicts the knightly aspect of courtly love which was common in medieval Europe. Signs of courtly love in the tale include the two knights falling in love with Emelye at first sight and Arcite risking his life by coming back to Athens. Other displays of courtly love include the mass duel to win Emelye’s love. In courtly love easy attainment of love was of little value (Lords and Ladies, 2013). The Knight is the ideal medieval crusader. He is brave, a man of honor and morally upright. The tale the Knight tells is full of knightly noble ideals. Chaucer describes him as one who has never spoken a harsh word to anyone (Finlayson, 1992). The Knight is also an idealist, demonstrating an aversion to conflict and gloominess. In the Pardoner’s tale the Knight makes peace between the Host and the Pardoner. He comes across as the voice of reason in the group (Aers, 1980). He takes offence when the Pardoner tries to sell fake relics to the pilgrims. This further illustrates his morally upright character (A Knight’s Tale, 2002). Despite being a well travelled and wealthy warrior, the Knight is not vain. Like one dedicated to the Christian cause he projects a humble and prudent image. His upright character is a strong contrast with other narrators such as the Miller and the Reeve. Unlike the Knight, the Miller is rude and contemptuous while the Reeve has a temper (Chaucer: The Knight’s Tale, 2013). The Knight introduces the concept of justice an
William Henry Gates, commonly known as “Bill Gates,” made major contributions to the world of computer technology. As the president and the CEO of Microsoft Corporation, the market leader in supplying software for personal computers, he became the youngest billionaire in the computer industry. His life and achievements have left a legacy in the field of computer systems (McCrossan, 2000, p.99; Wallace & Erickson, 1992). On 28 October 1955, Bill Gates was born in Seattle to a financially stable family. His father, William H. Gates II, is a famous attorney in Seattle while his late mother, Mary Gates was the director of First Interstate Bank. He learned at the private Lakeside School that placed him in an academically challenging environment. At Lakeside, he met his friend and associate, Paul Allen, and together they ventured into the field of computer programming. At the tender age of 15, Gates managed to crash the DEC and the CDC operating systems that were dreaded as the most complicated computer systems then. This achievement brought him some problems and made the way for his first business deal. Gates and Allen founded the Traf-O-Data company where they came up with a machine that was able to monitor progress of traffic in Seattle. This business adventure did not last long due to low returns. Gates and Allen then signed a contract with TRW, a firm that made software products. They gained valuable experience in software development while working for this corporation. Bill Gates joined Harvard University in 1973 as a freshman, where he stayed a few metres from the present Microsoft president, Steve Ballmer. While studying at Harvard, Gates and Allen came up with the BASIC programming language for the initial microcomputer – the Mango Information Technology Systems (MITS) Altair 8800. In 1975, Gates and his boyhood friend founded Microsoft Corporation. Two years later, he quit Harvard to devote his energies to their company. Propelled by a conviction that the personal computer would become a necessity in every home and office, they started making software for personal computers. In 1980, Microsoft signed a contract with International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) to have the rights to O-DOS operating system. They developed O-DOS to use IBM’s new PCs. MS-DOS was developed a year later (Lesinski, 2007, p.42). In 1983, Gates ventured into the field of application software by launching WORD 1. Microsoft also introduced Graphical User Interface (GUI) referred to as Windows and the computer mouse, which transformed how a user interfaces with the personal computer. In May 1990, Microsoft launched Windows 3.0 and became the market leader in providing PCs software. President George Bush recognized Gates role in making Microsoft the largest computer-industry corporation and crowned him with the reputable National Medal of Technology. Gates capitalized on the advancing use of the internet by launching Windows in 1998 that had Microsoft browser in
The development of AI technologies in various sectors of the economy is primarily related to the level of their digitalization. The use of social medial for retail is one of the most mature sectors of the economy in terms of the use of AI. It is characterized by access to unlimited data, a significant investment by such e-commerce giants as Amazon and Alibaba, and a clear focus on increasing sales. Due to the ability to collect a large amount of data from various sources, AI poses a significant threat of data leakage and cyber fraud. Improving the cybersecurity when using social medial for retail by detecting and preventing any fraudulent activity will allow to protect confidential data when using AI. Background Information on The Problem Cybercrime in use of social medial for retail is a consequence of the globalization of information and communication technologies and the emergence of international computer networks. According to Hu et al. (2020), unlike other types of economic crime, cybercrime is currently the fastest-growing segment. Any information and technical innovations significantly expand the scope of cybercrime in trade and create conditions for increasing the effectiveness of hacker attacks. Therefore, cybercrime is growing at a faster rate than all other types of crime. Perspectives From Multiple Populations The societal problem of cybersecurity in trade affects all parts of society: from sellers to intermediaries and buyers. With the development of the Internet and the convenience of providing trading services to customers, online purchases have become widely used; they are carried out using remote banking technologies. To get hold of confidential user data, fraudsters have come up with a method called fishing, which implies creating a site that is outwardly indistinguishable from the accurate bank site. Thus, buyers in the field of online commerce suffer from the leakage of confidential data. Sellers themselves also become victims of the problem of cybersecurity violations. For example, according to Mahmoud et al. (2020), third parties steal money and confidential data using virus software or by recording conversations using microphones. Remote access programs help fraudsters to steal from the account of trading enterprises. Intermediaries in retail also suffer from fraud; when placing ads for sale on social media, they often receive calls from scammers who present themselves as interested buyers. Argument Supporting Proposed Solutions Strengthe
Introduction Recruitment and selection process enacted by an organization determines the profitability and sustainability of the firm. Mainly, recruitment and selection is done to replace an employee, to fill a new position, or to instill change in the corporate culture (Banfield & Kay, 2008, p.68). Indeed, recruitment approaches in a firm influence the kind of human resource in a firm. Selection entails matching the workforce and specific jobs; thus, fair and accurate assessment of applicant’s strengths and weaknesses is done in the selection process. According to Roberts (1997, p.4), “effective selection processes entails clear and precise specification, effective use of multiple techniques, elimination of redundant processes, measurement and evaluation and continuous improvement.” Aquinas (2005, p. 361) on his part states that, “recruitment is a process of searching, stimulating and encouraging prospective employees to apply for a specific job in an organization.” Human resource managers can use either external recruitment methods or internal recruitment or both to fill positions in their organizations. Generally, recruitment and selection process is expensive, thus HR managers should ensure they obtain the right candidates for a specific job in order to avoid high turnover. According to Lashley and Lincoln (2003), the recruitment and selection approach varies depending on the type of employee required, organizational strategies, and human resource policies. An organization having a diverse workforce is able to benefit from skills from the diverse group. Additionally, the firms recognize the need of getting workers who can fit in the prevailing organizational culture. Therefore, Human resource Management not only seeks professional competency, but also personality attributes. Notably, selection in Sofinsco is not only based on the applicants’ involvement, training, and skills, but also on their personality and their approval of the firm’s values. Further, HR teams integrate equity and diversity during all stages of recruitment and selection. This paper will analyze the importance of different recruitment and selection approaches, equity, and diversity in relation to Sofinsco. Moreover, the significance of integrated approach to recruitment and selection in attainment of business goals is also discussed. Importance of different approaches to recruitment and selection approaches Internal recruitment method Internal recruitment involves filling positions by recruiting employees within the organization. Moreover, this approach simplifies and hastens the recruitment process especially for high level jobs. This is primarily due to the fact that the HR team is aware of the strengths and weaknesses of the candidates. Internal recruitment is carried out through direct appointment or promotion by management, a lateral transfer of an employee from one department to another or internal advertising (Nankervis, Compton & Morrissey, 2009, p.48). Generally, internal recru