ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Even though many intellectuals held that deregulation, poor supervision, lack of liquidity, casino banking, and Gaussian copulas are some of the factors that caused the financial crisis, failure to view the crisis from a multilateral perspective further heightened the situation. This is evident from the roles that international governments like the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the European Union (EU) play. Therefore, risk management within the banking industry did not have to stop within the UK. In addition, managing the risks ought not to have been left solely to the bank employees and management. For proper risk mitigation, all stakeholders ought to have learnt all the possible risks that may occur in the sector. In this line, the financial institutions would have distributed the risk to all the stakeholders. Instilling financial literacy in stakeholders only could have been a positive move towards risk management strategies. On the other hand, some risks are extremely complex, thus may require the attention of expertise or technocrats. This may be absent in some stakeholder, hence making collaboration difficult. Having been used in the implementation of Basel II Accord, collaboration allows specialists to devise their own risk management approaches ( Who was responsible for the financial crisis? n.d.). With this nature of approach to risk management, all stakeholders need to acquire basic financial literacy. Notably, creating a network of risk managers eliminates unknown risks, popularly referred to as Black swans. Moreover, the network enables individuals to question assumptions in the risk management process, avoid overreliance and belief on models, as well as impart skills to distinguish between predictable and unpredictable risks. For proper risk governance, individuals must interrogate the validity of the rules put forward for implementation; this eliminates instances of failure in managing risks. Banks might have had limited resources to recognise the extent of the financial risks. The involvement of many players in the management systems of banks makes it out rightly difficult to blame banks for the financial crisis. The intertwined system makes it difficult for banks to act outside the outlined frameworks. To manage such financial crises effectively in future, there is need for wider responsibility using the concept of knowledge supervision. Therefore, the United Kingdom’s government and international governments are also to blame for the failure of risk governance. They ought to have involved expertise in the entire process, as well as trained all stakeholders on financial literacy ( Who was responsible for the financial crisis? n.d.). In essence, risk management requires a collective approach to avoid massive financial catastrophes. Risk Management Process The consequences of the financial cri
Introduction There has been a high problem that faces the transportation sector and there is the need for the introduction of means that will solve these problems. One of the most used means is the freight transportation system and therefore the need for the survey that will lead to the linking of this communication gaps and have the provision of facts and figures so that the solution on the carriers and the shippers can give in direct connection to bring the intended solutions. There is a need to attract the customers to the transport system and this is done through the establishment of the programs like the wonderful transportation system ltd that was established in the year 1997 and its main aim was to offer professional and global logistics solutions for the customers through the establishment of a well overseas network that was targeted at covering more than 200 cities in the whole world. The opinions are based on the core value whereby the staff has to be trained on the ways that are best to lead to the work been done as expected and therefore the manager of the organization should be a person who is very much persistent and thoughtful meaning that the solutions that are required to attract the customers are taken with a lot of concern. (Blattberg, 1980) There is the air freight market whereby although the prices are more when compared to the shipping there is the belief that the air transport has got a high space for the development this is because they have the knowledge on what the customers require and therefore this will lead to the targeted services that will be important and of benefit to the customers. The program care for the large sellers that are in the flow of supply meaning that they ensure that no delays will have to be experienced and this is because they have the best ways that will have to cover these sellers from experiencing delays of their goods. With the wonderful transportation ltd then it has many vessels for the air transport that is very costly but with the calculation of these costs then the seller at the end gets profit that is expected. The competition has been in raise with the profit becoming low but the airfreight industry is believed to have high profits this is because the international companies have a high profit that results from the perfect management system. The wonderful transportation ltd makes use of the new technology that will lead to the expected attraction of the customers like for example they make use of the Internet and with this, they have very powerful network system and many branches this means that they care a lot for the customers. (Bhaskaran, 1997) Therefore there is the encouragement of the small freight forwarding companies to know the changes that take place in the market and make use of the Internet that will help them in lowering the co
Abstract The current research focused on the genetic peculiarities of Drosophila flies and used pairings of mutated and wild-type flies to answer some questions. Drosophila flies were paired in vials and F1 and F2 generations were derived from parental flies. The results of the research proved the scholarly idea that P and F1 flies displayed far fewer mutations than F2 ones, which is due to the genetic peculiarities of Drosophila flies’ development. Introduction Drosophila Flies Genetics Background The study of various forms of life on Earth is often started in laboratory conditions before it goes to the wildlife. Scholars like Ernst (2000, p. 187), Greenspan (2004, pp. 212 – 213), and Peters (2010) claim that Drosophila flies serve as the best samples for laboratory tests of various scholarly hypotheses. The reasons for this fact are numerous and include the easy access to supplies of these flies, the short life cycles of their generations, and the quite interesting genetic inheritance patterns that Drosophila flies display (Peters, 2010). Apart from being rather widely used as research samples, Drosophila flies also present a subject of high interest themselves as their cross procedures can provide intriguing and scholarly valuable results (Ernst, 2000, pp. 196 – 197). Thus, the current research paper also focuses on Drosophila flies and the genetic changes that these insects go through across generations. Previous Scholarly Views Thus, the major idea that scholars like Ernst (2000, p. 187), Greenspan (2004, pp. 212 – 213), Ladiges et al. (2009, pp. 129 – 130 ), and Peters (2010) agree on is that Drosophila flies are invaluable samples for genetics tests of any complexity and purpose. Discussing the genetic peculiarities of the flies themselves, scholars like Ernst (2000, p. 189) and Greenspan (2004, p. 219) single out the short life cycles of Drosophila flies and the drastic changes in their morphological, or physical characteristics that can be observed in generation 2 (F2) is the parental generation (P) flies crossed represented different mutant species of Drosophila and the generation 1 (F1) species were rather similar in their characteristics. Peters (2010) singles out eye color, body color, and cross veins as the major physical traits changed in the process of crossing various mutant species of Drosophila flies. Interestingly, this author points out that the major eye colors for Drosophila flies include brown, sepia, cinnabar, white, and vermillion, while bodies can be black, yellow, and ebony types. As for cross-veins, Peters (2010) singles out Drosophila flies that have cross veins and those that do not have them. Research Question Thus, since the genetics of Drosophila flies, is, first of all, focused on the physical characteristics of the test samples, it is quite reasonable to research if the eye color, body-color, and crossvei
Introduction The use of medical marijuana is still debatable across the USA, although it was legalized in many states. As far as Minnesota is concerned, the Medical Cannabis Therapeutic Use Act (developed by Governor Dayton) was signed into law in 2014 (Minnesota Department of Health, 2017b). Since then, thousands of residents of the state have used this type of treatment and reported its positive effects. For instance, 90% of the participants of a survey implemented by the Minnesota Department of Health mentioned the positive effects of the treatment (Collins, 2016). Minnesota Medical Cannabis Program was one of the results of the new law. The program implied the provision of certain treatment (prescriptions of medical cannabis) to certain groups of patients (Minnesota Department of Health, 2017b). However, there are still many opponents who consider the use of medical cannabis to be harmful to patients as well as the overall public health. This paper includes a brief analysis of the program and the reform strategy associated with it. Policy Strategy As has been mentioned above, the program was launched in 2014 when the corresponding legislature was introduced. The program is accessible to patients suffering from certain chronic conditions that are certified by their physician and registered with this program (Minnesota Department of Health, 2017b). The chronic conditions include cancer, HIV/AIDS, glaucoma, seizures, intractable pain, a terminal illness with an estimated life expectancy of one year or less, and some other. The strategy under analysis implies the inclusion of other health issues (for example, post-traumatic stress disorder) on the list. It is noteworthy that the patients diagnosed with PTSD are planned to be included in August 2017. It has been found that cannabis has an obvious positive effect on such patients’ health conditions as their sleep improves significantly, which leads to the effective management of other symptoms of the disorder (Bonn-Miller, Babson, & Vandrey, 2014). Considerable attention is also paid to the use of marijuana in pain management. Shah, Craner, and Cunningham (2017) report about the positive effects of the use of cannabis among patients suffering from chronic pain. Another characteristic feature of the strategy is its focus on funding. It becomes apparent that the existing funding is insufficient due to an overwhelming number of tests and inspections (Potter, 2017). Marijuana is still one of the Schedule I controlled substance, which leads to an unprecedented level of control over its production, distribution, and consumption. As far as patients are concerned, one of their major concerns is the high fee of the registration and
Scope is a mouthwash product of Proctor & Gamble. This product positions itself as a mint-tasting mouth washer that reduces bad breath. Holding 32% of market share, Scope has always been considered as a Canadian market leader. The competitors in the sphere are Listerine, Listermint, Plax, etc. Scope has been sure in its position at the Canadian market until Plax has presented its new product and gained 10% share of the mouthwash market. One of the main dangers Scope feels from Plax is that it has decided to occupy an absolutely new niche. Problem definition Scope positions itself as the one which has two main benefits, it offers its customer fresh breath and germs killing. Having been working for many years in this sphere, Scope was shaken by Plax who has positioned itself around an absolutely new benefit, it promises its customers to fight with plague. One more danger is that other competitors in the sphere have decided to promote the same benefit. Thus, the company should develop the strategy for ensuring that the product is going to be profitable within the mentioned threats and prepare a marketing plan for mouthwash business in Proctor & Gamble for the nearest three years. Problem justification To justify the problem, some research has been conducted. Having many different competitors, Plax is considered to be the most dangerous one as it offers a new product and can substitute Score in its properties. One of the main statements is that Plax has managed to gain 10% share within a year and continues to grow. The research has shown that 40% of people use mouthwash as a part of their hygiene (e.g. germs killing, mouth cleaning, plague removing, making teeth and gums healthier). So, it is important for the customer to keep hygiene in mouth, but do not have fresh breath. This proves that Plax may become a serious competitor in the next years. Furthermore, have conducted a research among all the customers of mouthwash products, it has been identified that people rate Plax as more than average in the following attributes, ‘removes plaque’, ‘healthier teeth and gums’, and ‘recommended by doctors/dentists’. Plax has received one negative feedback in the relation to the reduction of bad breath. Scope has been affected by the same research at none of the attributes was ranked as more than average; at the same time people rated negatively Scope’s ability to kill germs, make teeth and germs healthier, and remove plaque. Therefore, the general opinion of people who might have never used any mouthwash products about Scope is lower than about Plax. The brand users of Plax and Scope have also considered their mouthwashes from the same perspectives. Thus, it is possible to understand why people buy the mouthwashes of the definite brand. It has been concluded
According to the U.S. Census Bureau (2018), as of 2017, the health insurance coverage constitutes 91.2 percent. The two core initiatives that helped achieve such rates were the Affordable Care Act (ACA), introduced in 2013. Before the intervention, in 2010, the rates of uninsured citizens reached 18%, which appears to characterize the reform as a success (Rice et al., 2014). The main goal of the ACA was to expand Medicare and Medicaid and protect vulnerable groups of the population from health hazards. The reform presupposed large-scale subsidies for those who are below the poverty level including families, individuals, elderly people, covered drug prescriptions, and other issues. It also forced major employers to provide their employees with insurance and taxed high-income families heavily to finance ACA. While presently the rate of uninsured is indeed decreased, the ACA became a burden for the U.S. economy and did not fully address the health care problems of the country. As such, it partly failed to provide universal access to health care as it did not concentrate enough on the issue of primary care providers and the presence of doctors and nurses remains insufficient (Rice et al., 2014). In addition, accountable service providers, which are supposed to be formed under the ACA, pose a challenge of monopolization and price control. This factor appears to be contrary to affordable and cost-effective health care provision. Nonetheless, the initiative is argued to bring the U.S. closer to the Sixty-Sixth Session of the United Nations General Assembly which urged countries to strive towards universal insurance coverage. Taking into consideration strenuous conditions as well as a large number of the undocumented workforce (approximately 33 million), the ACA increased adherence to health insurance by 10%, which is a significant achievement (Rice et al., 2014). Thus, this initiative, although flawed in certain instances, became a critical step towards decreasing the percentage of uninsured citizens in the U.S.
Introduction According to Gadotti (1994), one of the most famous philosophers of the 20 th century was Paulo Freire. Born and raised in Brazil, Freire was subjected to living in poverty, which later influenced his works. Freire is well known for advancing the theory of pedagogy by authoring the piece of work known as the “Pedagogy of the Oppressed’. This piece of work is termed as the main foundation on which the critical pedagogy movement was based. Freire made a great contribution to the theory, as well as by his actual deeds during his lifetime. Thus, his works can be compared to the works of other theorists and educators like John Locke, Plato, John Dewey, Booker T. Washington, and Jean-Jaques Rousseau among other renowned philosophers. This paper explores life, philosophy and teachings of Paulo Freire. In the discussion, the paper takes an analytical comparison of the teachings and philosophies of Freire with those of other renowned philosophers, like Rousseau, Dubois, Locke, and Plato. An overview of the works of Paolo Freire Freire contributed a lot to philosophy as observed in the introduction. It is critical to look at a number of philosophical works of Freire in order to comprehend the scope of his study. Freire is considered as one of the most remarkable thinkers in education of the 20 th century, who did a lot for development of the educational theory and philosophy. The works of Freire can be traced back to the mid 1940s when he was working at the Department of Education and Culture in Pernambuco, one of the states in Brazil. His tenure with the department exposed him to an environment where he was working with the poor and illiterate population. The nature of his work made him start thinking about developing a liberation theology to help salvage the masses from poverty and illiteracy. For one to participate in presidential elections in Brazil, one had to be literate. Owing to the fact that most people were illiterate, only the few literate had the chance to take part in the presidential elections, locking out a vast number of the people from taking part in this critical exercise. Apart from the liberation theology, which resulted in a political uprising in the country forcing him to left the country, the other works of Freire include ‘The Pedagogy of the Oppressed’ and ‘Education as the Practice of Freedom’. The ‘Pedagogy of the Oppressed’ gave Freire his identity as a true educator because it explained most of the issues that were impeding the advancement of education. This work was quite enticing as it had a lot of information on the interplay of factors in education, which impeded the development of t
Summary The report details the best way a company should go in its process to upgrade its computer equipment. In fact, any organization should opt for the most advantageous way in terms of savings and efficiency (Zimberoff, 2002). This report will weigh the option of purchasing and leasing this equipment in terms of benefits the company expects. Leasing computer equipment ought to be cheap compared to purchasing new pieces. The company will be recommended to go for the leasing option, as opposed to purchasing new equipment (Gelinas et al, 2004). Introduction This report is based on a research carried out to establish the most viable option for the company wishing to upgrade their computer equipment (Weaver & Weston, 2007). The research was done by interviewing several dealers in computer equipment with the aim of established which a cheap option (Oz, 2008). People in computer equipment businesses were involved whereby they were requested to give their quotations for new equipment. In addition, enterprises that lease computer equipment were consulted in order to get useful information on prices. This computer equipment may include, keyboards, mice, monitors, CPUs, printers and UPSs. This equipment advances at a high rate hence creating the need for upgrades in the organization (Harold Bierman, 2010). It was found that leasing equipment is cheap as compared to purchasing new ones because, there are many costs involved with installation of new equipment. When the organization decides to lease this equipment for the installation, will be on the part of the owners and maintenance, as well. Discussion Leasing computer equipment is cheap as compared to purchasing new equipment. This is because some of this equipment needs to be upgraded often due to changes in the technological world. It becomes so uneconomical for one to purchase new equipment after every six months or one year (Nevitt et al, 2011). In case, they lease this equipment and at expiry of the lease period they are phased out by advancement in technology, then they easily change to the latest technology. The company is saved on the cost of disposing outdated equipment by opting to lease this equipment (Chandra, 2005). In fact, by leasing computer equipment, the organization saves a lot of money in terms of maintenance cost. This is because tear and wear of the equipment are in the hands of the owners and not the organization. Depending with the agreement, the organization may lay off its technicians hence becoming abundantly economical (Kendall, 2008). From most of the enterprises consulted on this matter, many advised that the organization should lease equipment because they keep on advancing. These advancements create the need of constant upgrading hence becoming an expensive activity for companies that have to purchase new equipment every time they have to upgrade (Hosford-Dunn, 2008). Conclusions Leasing equipment was found to have many advantages as a lot of cost
Who is the organization’s target public? Target public or in other words target customers are the individuals for whom products and services are created by business units. Therefore, going by that definition, Nike’s products target athletes. Due to the limitations of the physical body, athletic activities are suitable for the young and the energetic. Therefore, the older people in the society are out of the company’s target. From a marketing point of view, the company uses world class athletes like Lebron James and Tiger Woods for image purpose ( Lebron James: a decade in the making 2013). These athletes are role models to the younger people in the society. Using those and other strategies, the company has managed to successfully target young people. (Silk 2006, p. 34-52). To whom does the organization need to communicate? To maintain good public relations, the organization needs to maintain a good communication process with all its stakeholders. Making customers to understand how valuable Nike’s products are, is a key to the company’s sustainability (Bernays 1952, p. 2-23). Since the company’s target customers are the young, it should design an effective way of communicating to them. For instance, young people do not like reading news papers but are addicted to the internet. Using that information, the company should focus on the internet as their marketing platform. That way, amost all the young people will receive the intended message (Spalton 2010, p. 58-60). The rationale for choosing target public Targeting a customer is an effective way of meeting their needs because production is made wi