ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
What is the required educational preparation for a healthcare professional with your degree? Identify the members of your profession that are more and less trained than a professional with your degree. This may include specialists and ancillary personnel In order to become a dentist, a degree in dental medicine or dental surgery is required. Firstly, the student must pass an extensive course of preparation, in order to obtain the required skills and knowledge. A potential candidate must earn a bachelor’s degree in chemistry and biology. It is required to ensure understanding of the more advanced and dental care-specific material. Some dental schools offer pre-dental training programs to fulfill the same purpose. After that, the student is required to complete the dental degree program, which consists of theoretical disciplines as well as laboratory and clinical practice. After completing this course, the student obtains a doctorate in either dental surgery or dental medicine. Once I graduate and receive my doctorate, I will be placed in the middle of the dental hierarchy. I will be more qualified than the nursing and ancillary personnel working in the dental clinic, as well as the practicing students and volunteers. However, other doctors and professors with similar degrees could, arguably, be considered better-trained than me due to their greater experience in the field. What are the licensure/certification requirements for a professional with your degree? In order to become a licensed dentist, a candidate must adhere to very high standards, pass numerous examinations, and satisfy many requirements. Possessing a DDM or a DDS degree is a primary requirement in most states. Standard examinations to obtain a state license involve written and clinical examination held by the commission on dental accreditation (CODA). Additional c
International Law is based on the notion of the existence of distinct states, which are internationally recognized geopolitical entities with a shared language and culture. The states, on the other hand, derive their existence from the idea of sovereignty. While the concept of sovereignty may evolve alongside changing social-political contexts, there is nevertheless a basic understanding of what it entails. Sovereignty has been defined as “…the highest, final, and supreme political and legal authority (and power) within the territorially defined domain of a system of direct rule.” (Morris 2000, 5). This paper will discuss social, political, and economic contexts in which contravention of a country’s sovereignty is justified as relates to international law, the contrasting views to those justifications, and how such contraventions promote international order. In a historical context, international laws gained prominence in the 20th century due to partly the two world wars, and the resultant hostilities between states after the end of the wars. The international laws were then formulated to ensure and maintain world peace preventing states from mutual destruction. Amongst the earliest international agreements or laws that resulted from the Second World War was the Atlantic Charter and the Marshall plan. The Atlantic charter spelled the guidelines of post war relations among states. The Marshall plan on the other hand was interested in the economic recovery of the Europe continent after the economic ruins of the Second World War. Both the Atlantic charter and Marshall Plans were spearheaded by the United States of America in a bid to secure its position in the emerging post war power plays. The international laws and bodies created in this period were primarily concerned with restoring world peace and rebuilding the ruined economies of various countries. The direct consequent of these laws were that countries were willing to compromise their own sovereignty and to become part of a group to ensure their own security. In that social political context, it was in the country’s national interests to belong to a group or a regional block to guarantee its own security. In the modern times, globalization has brought in new challenges that make it impossible for countries to pursue isolationist social, political and economic policies. Such globalization challenges include international drug menace, international human trafficking, and terrorism among other issues, and mean that countries have to
According to human resource management experts, communication gap refers to the condition in which poor communication hinders work efficiency and relations within an organization (Caputo & Palosaari, 2003). Communication gaps result from misinterpretations, one-way communications, late communications, or poorly worded communications. In our everyday lives, there are several instances where the lack of effective communication leds to misunderstandings. Poor communication causes misunderstandings, conflicts, stress, burnout, and high employee turnover (Agarwal, 2010). In the work place, each employee should understand his or her role in the process of achieving organizational goals in order to avoid conflicts and misunderstandings. As such, good communication eliminates barriers to high performance by creating communication satisfaction. With respect to the above-mentioned, effective communication is essential in achieving a cost-effective and well-organized relationship among several parties searching for a mutually helpful corporation. For managers, communication is a very essential facet of their job. Agarwal asserts, “Communication in management is used for all messages that people communicate to one another while working” (Agarwal, 2010). With effective communication skills, managers can improve their effectiveness. However, when challenges such as communication gaps exist, managers encounter numerous problems. For instance, it becomes hard for the employees to complete their tasks appropriately when their manager’s instructions are not clear. Communication gaps are considered to be among the main causes of poor performances in the work places. All over the world, human resource experts assert that communication determines the efficiency levels in organizations (Newsom, 2007). This assertion is evidenced in the current high-stress and demanding organizational environments, where employees are often required to extend past their call of duty to achieve the desired organizational objectives. In this regard, managers are required to disperse appropriate information to their subordinates for them to complete their tasks as necessitated. As such, managers should convey information in understandable, brief, and informative manner. It is the mandate of all managers to lay down appropriate guidelines when handing over tasks to their subordinates (Caputo & Palosaari, 2003). In addition, an efficient manager should be able to pass on instructions with little or no ambiguity. On the other hand, an effective manager should allow subordinates to give their feedback to verify that they have received and understood the instructions provided. Generally, to avoid communication gaps managers should not assume that employees know what the organization expects them to do. Instead, they should ex
Executive Summary The report seeks to analyse the shutdown of the Clyde oil refinery using economic concepts. Clyde oil refinery is the oldest oil refinery in Australia and as such, the report gives the viable economic factors that could have led to this shutdown. Several assumptions have been made. The findings of the report are that competition from Asian mega refineries was the major cause for the shutdown. It has also been assumed that the company had been operating under near-shutdown conditions for the last few years. The entry of other competitors in the oil industry brought about the strong competition, and hence another risk factor. Its size and the inability to adopt new technology is also another cause for its closure. The shut down would lead to increase in prices and hence abnormal profits. It would also force the remaining companies to produce more in order to meet the industry demand. Introduction The announcement of the closure of Clyde oil refinery has brought different views. Shell Australia has been forced to shutdown Clyde oil refinery due to intense competition. This will leave the refining industry with a production deficit of 75,000 barrels daily. The move had been unexpected and the shell Australia believes that Asia mega refineries will replace the output. The report looks at the economic reasons that may have led to the shut down and the impact it may have on the competitors. Body (Analysis) The Clyde oil refinery shutdown was caused by high competition and increase in demand and supply in the region (Murphy 2011). 260 employees will be laid off, leaving only 50. In order to analyse the shutdown of the firm some assumptions have been made. The Clyde oil refinery had been operating under shutdown point for the last few years. A firm reaches a shutdown position when output (revenue) is just adequate to cover the total variable cost of the firm. According to Wessels (2000, p.345), the shutdown of a firm or a company occurs when the total variable costs exceeds the total revenue. The rules of shutdown in the long run are that TR According to Murphy (2011), the Clyde oil refinery vice-president Andrew Smith said that the shutdown was necessitated by “increased competition from mega-refineries in Asia, supply and demand in our region”2011). The vice president also added that because of its size it could no longer compete regionally and significant investment was required. This can be explained by costs and output in the long run. Firm industry The assumption is that all the firms operate under the same cost curve in the long run. Upon entry in the market the firm was making huge profits. This attracted other key players in the industry. As time goes (long run) the demand increases to DD. The entry and competition pushes the prices down from B to C and the output increases from Q1 to Q2. At this point firms are making zero profits. Increased competition from companies that have high output capacity pushes the prices further down. This affects the weaker companies with high avoidable costs. W
Central Asia can be defined as the former Soviet Union countries and is famously known as Eurasia, a general term used by the United States government, especially after the Cold War (Swanson, 2006). The region has been a major interest in the United States for a very long time, and this can be traced back to the 1990s when the United States helped the region to improve their economy and the political arena when the Soviet Union collapsed (Pereira, & Beach, 2011). The interests of the United States in the Central Asia Region increased significantly after the 9/11bomb attacks in the United States. The region became a major concentration for the United States as it launched its war on terror against the Talibanists in Afghanistan. The United States then put up military bases in countries such as Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan to support its military operations in Afghanistan (Cornell, 2004). Drug trafficking is a big problem in Central Asian countries, especially in countries such as Afghanistan. This has a great impact on the United States’ interests in the region due to its effect on the security and stability of the region. The region has witnessed long years of the drug trade, and this is contributed by the easily passable borders of the Central Asian countries and the high demand for illicit drugs. The permeability of these borders affected the level of cooperation of Russia to curb the menace in their country because Russia has the highest levels of drug addiction. Russia has not cooperated in fighting drug trafficking, unlike the United States that is campaigning against drugs in the region. The United States set up an anti-narcotics center in the region. Still, Russia was against this move because they believed that the United States would increase its influence in the region. This is imperative for the United States as they can manage their interests in the region by championing against drugs in the region (Latypov, 2009). Drug trafficking in the Central Asian Region is a big threat to the United States’ fight against terrorism in the region. The United States has got special interests in this region because they want to stem out terrorists and reduce insecurity in the region. The region is known as a hide-out for terrorists and also a training ground, especially to countries such as Afghanistan (Chossudovsky, 2005). The use of drugs in the region poses a huge threat to the security of the region and the stability of the Central Asian nations. Hence, the United States has taken part in the fight against drug trade in the region because the money earned from the sale of the drugs is used to fund the operations of terrorists in the region. Terrorist’s activities have a huge impact not only on the United States’ economy but also on the whole worlds’ economy. Therefore, the United States needs to engage in anti-narcotics initiatives in the region because the terrorist activities affect them politically, economically, and even socially. In conclusion, the drug trade in the Central Asia region is extremely significant to the interests of the Unit
Broad themes presented in The Octopus There can be only a few doubts that, throughout the entirety of Norris’s novel The Octopus , the theme of the West dominates. Having been a romantically minded individual, Presley used to think of the West, as such that evokes the images of “infinite, illimitable, stretching out there under the sheen of the sunset forever and forever, flat, vast, unbroken” prairies (Norris 1). This, of course, implies that initially, Presley was inclined to refer to the West in terms of something waiting to be conquered – hence, providing its would-be ‘conquerors’ with the opportunity to act in the strongly defined ‘manly’ manner. It is understood, of course, that this particular vision of the West, on Presley’s part, is fully consistent with that of Owen Wister’s. Just as it used to be the case with Wister, Presley tended to believe that it is specifically the fact that, while in the West, one is being forced to affiliate itself with the so-called ‘masculine values,’ which contributes to people’s obsession with this particular destination more than anything else does. Magnus Derrick and Behrman: feelings and ideas The author’s description of Magnus Derrick implies that throughout his life, this character never ceased being referred to as a ‘man of the statue’: “Magnus… was all of six feet tall… He was broad in proportion, a fine commanding figure, imposing immediate respect, impressing one with a sense of gravity” (Norris 5). Due to having been a rather wise individual, who had experienced several hardships in his life, Derrick never thought of the West in terms of an ‘inspirational asset.’ Instead, he preferred to refer to the idea of ‘Western living,’ as such that is being synonymous with the notion of ‘struggle for survival,’ rather than with the notion of ‘heroics.’ S. Behrman, on the other hand, is represented in the novel as an individual, who is being primarily driven by his animalistic love of sensual pleasures, extrapolated by the concerned character’s physical appearance: “He (Behrman) was a large, fat man, with a great stomach” (Norris 7). This partially explains why, as opposed to what it used to be the case with Presley and Derrick, Behrman tended to regard the West in terms of a money-making opportunity alone. Images of angry men One of the most memorable aspects of the novel’s scene, in which ranchers confront Behrman for the first time, is that during the course of this confrontation, they were becoming nothing short of the anger-filled apes: “…ready to bite, to rend, to trample, to batter out the life of The Enemy in a primeval, bestial welter of blood and fury” (Norris 12). This, of course, does provide a certain rationale to the suggestion that Norris used to be fascinated with the ideas of Social Darwinism. The reason why Derrick initially resented the idea of l
Introduction With the current fast-paced world, traditional recipes and foods are slowly being phased out of restaurants across the world (Willett & Stampfer, 2013, p. 77). More restaurants are focusing on making money via easy and quick means by serving fast foods and other modern delicacies that contemporary people demand. However, the modernity has also brought many issues concerning lifestyle diseases and problems. These issues have led to the rising of the movement towards healthy living. Healthy living demands individuals to not only exercise well but also always consider the kind of food that they eat. In the search for prosperity and a means of coping with the demands of the changing world, people have lost track with reference to the traditional setup and eating habits (Mellentin & Heasman, 2015, p. 21). It is crucial to restore this state of affairs. A good concept that focuses on achieving this goal is the El Peregrino. In this concept, life is viewed as a pilgrimage where people are in search of their origin. In other words, they aspire to return to a state of innocence or purity. Based on the concept of “El Peregrino” that that this marketing strategy and design will focus on the opening of a new restaurant. Background to the Restaurant Business In major Spanish cities, as well as across the whole country, it is difficult to find any restaurant that serves traditional Spanish delicacies and cuisine. From the above-discussed restoration formula, the new restaurant will focus on providing traditional Spanish foods that support the ‘return to the initial state of the traditional culture’ by providing the classic and typical Spanish delicacies and cuisine. These delicacies are not easy to come by in the modern world, yet more and more people are increasingly becoming health conscious. They have a deep desire to move towards the path of self-discovery and restoration to the traditional state of living. Indeed, the city of Mallorca has the La Plaza de la Lonja de Palma where the restaurant will be set. Here, it is even more difficult to find a restaurant that serves pure and unique traditional Spanish foods. Despite the location being famous for many Spanish restaurants that are full of tourists and locals who need the sumptuous Spanish delicacies, the hotels that serve traditional Spanish foods are very few, as it will be revealed by the market research that supports the idea of opening a restaurant (Murphy, 2013, p. 246). The planned restaurant will have an average size of 120M 2 and approximately 20 tables. Each table will have four seats and hence a maximum sitting capacity of 80 customers. Th
United States of America and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia International business transactions Economic transactions The economy of United States of America is currently the third largest in the world with imports and exports estimated to be worth trillions of dollars. As such, the economy plays a critical role in determining the world trade (Dickson 116). Most of the world largest industries are found within the economy and are dependent on the world main resources. Besides, almost all the world major industries and countries supply raw materials to the American industries at the same time buy finished products to be used in the industries or consumed. The reasons explain why the American economy is one of the largest and play a critical role in determining the global economy. Even though smaller in relation to the economy of USA, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has a greater global influence particularly in terms of economic control. Generally, economy of Saudi Arabia is not large enough to influence the global economy. However, the capability of the Saudi Arabia to control oil dealings gives the country enough power to control the global economy which largely depend on oil (Jasimuddin 63). In other words, Saudi Arabia unique position as the one of the largest oil producers enables the country to have a greater influence in the world trade. As such, the relation Saudi Arabia has with other oil producing countries not only within the Middle East but also around the globe is critical in determining the global oil prices (Porter 78). Besides oil producing countries, Saudi Arabia relations with other countries particularly USA are built around trade, security as well as other diplomatic understandings (Jasimuddin 57). The economic relations are critical for the growth and development of Saudi Arabia economy since they involve large exchanges of products and services. As indicated, the economy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia depends largely on oil and related industries for exports (Mason 437). In addition, the country exports plastics and related products, construction materials as well as products from other industries. However, the largest revenue is from oil and petrochemicals exports. The improved revenues from oil exports have continued to strengthen Saudi financial capabilities. The financial capabilities have been critical in meeting both domestic and foreign investment needs as well as enough resources to provide for social services (Levitt 95). On the other hand, the country depends on imports from other countries particularly USA, which is the largest trading collaborate. The country imports technology, machinery and military products from USA. Besides, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia plays a critical role in the economy of USA. The reason is that Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is one of the major players in OPEC member countries. OPEC members are countries that produce and determine the prices of global oil (Al-Shammari 235). Moreover, the country has huge oil reserves, which is significant in the development of the US economy. Essentially, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia exports large volumes of oil to US whose economy largely depend on oil