ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Code of Ethics Paper Ethical procedure of business activities are formalized by a proper code of conduct explaining the context and role expected. It addresses all issues what should be done defining the both positive and negative prospects with respect to practices. Health care industry is more need to focus on ethical procedures due to involvement of person’s life at stake. Hence it is more fundamental in nature as it explains the outcomes achievement practices more suitable in situation. The code of ethics document considered in the given case is of nursing profession in health care specialty. Nursing is a respectable profession and involves direct contact with the humanity, therefore nurses behavior and attitude, understanding of situation and other related matter has to be properly define in the ethical code of conduct to rationalize the situation with best ethical practices. I have considered ICN Code of ethics for nurses to review and for discussion. Analysis of code in various contexts is explained in detail below. Fundamental Responsibilities The code of conduct begins with highlighting the fundamental responsibilities of nurses therefore making them aware of the basic concept of nursing and its role in the society which provide a clear insight of expectation of the profession. In respect of human rights, cultural rights, right of life, dignity and the respect code identifies the importance of profession. In the intro part it shows equality prospect of the profession irrespective of age, gender, color, race or any other aspect. This forms the basis of ethical code of conduct need to be followed in every organization. The goals therefore are clearly defined in the beginning part of the code in the form of fundamental purposes of nursing profession related to health. Clarity of Goals Ethical code of conduct has appropriately defined the goals of profession in the beginning part as fundamental responsibilities. Need of nursing is related to health care sector that involves serving the people directly by taking proper measures for hygienic environment to ensure rapid health restoration of patient. The main goal of nursing is to endorse health and to prevent illness, followed by health restoration and to recover sufferings (ICN, 2006). Hence it clearly defines the goals to help people involved in the profession being part of team involvement for the benefit of mankind serving the sick and unhealthy people, either individual or in a family. Nurses are required to deliver health services to individuals, family and the community irrespective of any differences and conflicts. Elements of the Code The code has acknowledged four ethical conduct elements that include nurses and people, nurses and practices, nurses and the profession, and nurses and co-workers (ICN, 2006). Each element is emphasizing on different aspect of ethical procedures from a perspective focus on the adoption of right practices in the profession. In the first element it highlights the responsibility of nurses towards the person acquiring their services which highlights the environment values, rights, duties, customs of individual and community to be pr
Avon incorporation is one of the leading door-to-door distributors of cosmetics. After a long period of successive trading in China, the internal audit of the subsidiary company indicated some form of misappropriation. This was attributed to management disregard to ethical management in financial decisions. The company, which engaged in direct sales of cosmetic products, exposed the malpractices of foreign officials. Although China prohibited the direct sale of products in the period prior to 2006, it allowed Avon to begin the direct sales on a limited basis. After February 2006, the act underwent amendment, which allowed for direct sales, but on strict regulations. As a result, it opened up the market for Avon. These subsequent events of the company lack of emphasis on ethical values led to the vulnerability of the company to employee malpractices. After the company realized the poor performance of its subsidiary in China, which was followed by an undisclosed whistleblower, the company undertook efforts to unravel the real fraud that occurred and tackle the imminent losses that were bound to occur. The scandal concerned the bribery given to China’s officials to get permit for firm’s operations (Xinhua, 2012, February 22). On a specific note, the bribe was attributed to the miscellaneous expenses in the company like travel, gifts and entertainment, which were not incurred appropriately. With this report, the company undertook a thorough audit of the foreign subsidiaries in compliance to the internal investigation and China’s compliance reviews. Additionally, the company focused on assessment of its accounting practices such as the reporting of the expenses especially on the affected elements of accounts. In this regard, they reviewed the treatment of expenses such as gifts, travel and payments made to agents for business dea
The article “The Tearoom Trade” concerns a research study conducted by Laud Humphreys on sexual encounters between same-sex strangers in public restrooms. The researcher posed as a lookout for these encounters, writing down the license plates of the men without their knowledge and consent to later meet with them under false pretenses to assess their home life. Thus, Humphryes tried to establish what social, psychological, or physiological factors contributed to these men, not all of whom identified as gay, engaging in such an activity. The author of the critique provides informative context for Humphryes’s study. It is noted that the sodomy laws in the United States of America, struck down only in 2003, prohibited citizens from engaging in a variety of sexual acts, including anal and oral sex. As a result, many men were detained for having sex with other men, accounting for the majority of anti-sodomy arrests. According to the article, men could play several roles when engaging in sexual activity in public restrooms referred to as “tearooms.” They included the role of an inserter, the person offering a sexual act, an insertee, the one who performs it, and a “watchqueen” who played the part of a lookout. In his role as a lookout, Humphreys secretly observed the encounters and took notes of them. Under the disguise of a public health surveyor, Humphries learned that men who engaged in sexual activity in public bathrooms were often married and identified as Roman-Catholic. The majority were also married to women who were not on birth control, limiting sexual intercourse at home. Sex in tearooms provided these men with anonymity, mainly free, with rare monetary rewards, and brief. Overall, Humphreys concluded that lack of sexual gratification and loneliness contributed to men seeking sexual relations in public restrooms. Although the research provided a fascinating insight into the sexual behavior of these men, it was considered unethical due to the participants not being informed of their part in it. Specifically, his involvement in the men’s private life was questioned as he intruded on their home life. However, Humphries believe
This theory is a sociological perspective that analyses the nature of different human activities. According to the theory, every society defines its roles and activities. Many societies treat each role as a duty or behaviour. People should be ready to complete most of their societal roles. Human beings also conform to this theory by behaving in a particular manner. This fact explains why people’s behaviours are usually “context specific”. Social norms and positions play a significant role towards reshaping such duties. Merton’s Role Theory goes further to analyse certain issues such as division of labor. Many individuals tend to approve their social roles. This practice makes such roles constructive, meaningful, and legitimate. Every social role that changes due to new technologies or cultural norms will become illegitimate. Individuals such as George Mead Herbert and Robert Merton pioneered this theory. These theorists believe that punishments, honors, and rewards are critical towards encouraging more actors to accept their behaviours. The theory presents several assumptions. For example, human beings tend to define their roles and duties. Social learning equips individuals with appropriate skills in order to complete their roles. Such individuals also have numerous expectations about their roles. This situation also explains why many people act within their roles. Human beings can use this theory in order to understand how statuses can reshape different social interactions. It is agreeable that the Role Expectations (REs) of managers might vary significantly from those of their employees. This development explains why many leaders redefine their managerial styles. Organisational managers must identify the issues associated with different roles in order to achieve their goals. Specific Examples Where I Encountered Role Strains and Conflicts Many organisations experience numerous obstacles. It is the duty of every manager to analyse the challenges affecting his or her firm. I have encountered several role conflicts as an employee. To begin with, our manager wanted every employee to focus on his or her duties. This situation forced many employees in the company to become less effective. The above practice made it impossible for the company to achieve its goals. The company also failed to introduce new technologies in order to support its employees. Successful companies usually embrace the power of teamwork. This practice has the potential to address organisational difficulties. The strategy can also improve the level of performance. Every employee at the company wanted to be part of an efficient team. This scenario resulted in different REs whereby our manager failed to equip us with the best ideas. This sit
Introduction: The Harmony within Creating a composition belonging to a specific genre requires that recognizable patterns should be followed. Combined with an original concept to build the melody on, the given approach allows for creating a true work of art. Though the instruments used in Kemo’s solo are quite few, the harmony created with the help of elements such as tone, rhythm and motives allows for an easy identification of the composition as a smooth jazz solo (Callender 2007). Rhythmic Elements: Setting the Pace for the Music Flowing slowly and smoothly, the melody, nevertheless, has a very strong basis introduced by its key rhythmic elements. At first, they seem to make an integral entity; however, as the song progresses, one can distinguish the key elements that comprise the foundation of the solo (Williams, Fredrickson & Atkinson 2011). Key Rhythms Listening to the solo piece carefully, one will be able to locate the key rhythms in the percussion that serves as the background for the main theme. To be more specific, the sound of brushes sets the tone and the pace for the song, whereas the mallets create a recognizable pattern (Fidyk 2009). Motifs and Their Meaning The key motif of the solo can be identified almost instantly. A four-note figure reiterated throughout the song (Jiménez, Molina-Solana, Berzal & Fajardo 2011), it sets the mood for the entire song and creates a unique structure that builds up to a rather subtle climax. The pattern, therefore, tricks the listener into a calm and slow-paced meditation, leaving the former on a quiet and a suddenly ambiguous note. What the Phrases Say Each of the phrases contains four beamed notes, which make the above-mentioned motif and represent the recurring pattern in the song. Opening with four Bs beamed into a single entity, the phrase continues with a G quaver and then flows smoothly into an F crotchet. The following E quaver is tied with a beamed pair of E and F, therefore, allowing the phrase to flow elegantly across the break. The G that follows allows for creating a melodic sequence with a retrospect into the start of the phrase; thus, a unique feel of harmony and completion is created, filling the audience with comfort. Finally, the phrase flows into an E crochet and ends with a slightly ambiguous and unusually saddening C minor. Picture 1. Kemo’s Solo (Sheet Music) Melodic Content: Filling the Song with Meaning The melodic content of the song, though seemingly simple, is very powerful; in fact, the harmony is represented in just as strong a way as the melody, i.e., the focus of the composition. While the melody can be distinguished easily, the beats shift from the background into the foreground, which creates a rather original pattern. The melody being admittedly complex,
Introduction Intel Corporation (Intel) is a semiconductor computer circuits manufacturer based in the United States. Intel, also known as “Integrated electronics,”- the company’s name, is headquartered in Santa Clara, California. The company operates through segments such as The Internet of Things Group (IOTG) and Mobileye (Hall, 2021). It sells platform goods, including chipsets and the central processor units and system-on-a-chip and multichip packages. In addition, the company offers high-performance computing solutions for embedded and vertical applications in the retail, industrial, and healthcare markets, as well as solutions for assisted and autonomous driving that include computer vision. It also provides platforms that optimized workload and related solutions to cloud service providers, business and government customers, and communications service providers. Cloud services providers, original design, and equipment manufacturers are all served by the firm. Intel Corporation has formed a strategic agreement to utilize and develop artificial intelligence approaches for improving drug discovery. The paper describes the Supply Chain ESG as how Intel corporation creates a positive impact on the global environment. Intel Code of Conduct (COC) The Code of Conduct establishes the company’s standards for how it coordinates its activities to create and deliver products, protects the value of Intel and its subsidiaries, and interacts with customers, suppliers, and distributors. When performing Intel-related business, it is the obligation of every individual at Intel to follow the code, the employment guidelines, and other applicable regulations. The company does business with unwavering ethical standards and honesty, treating distributors, suppliers, customers, fairness, respect, and honesty in all business interactions. Intel and its subsidiaries require all employees to comply fully with internal investigations, comprising the provision of truthful information, except where the act would result in disclosing the participation of the in concerted activity under the National Labor Relations Act of the United States. Staff who fail to do so may face disciplinary action, comprising termination, depending on the applicable local legislation (Hall, 2021). Employee involvement in inquiries into suspected violations of the United States National Labor Relations Act is voluntary, albeit encouraged. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Intel’s dedication to sustainability leadership and corporate responsibility is firmly ingrained in the company’s culture. The company does not create an encompassing and positive work environment where every staff feels like they have a sense of belonging and a voice. Still, it is also proactive in its initiatives to minimize its environmental impact by using natural materials and resources efficiently and responsibly. The company also wants to use its leading position in the global digital ecosystem to assist the industry and company in achieving more progress in corpor
Introduction Sociologically, power is an individual’s ability to express will impulsively on others. There would be an expression of power between individuals despite resistance to compliance in any sort by a subject. The imposition of power, however, should not be done coercively. In sociology, power subsumes political power and physical power. The word power could nearly be thought of as the word influence. Whereas power functions reciprocally, though not always equally reciprocally, influence on one from another could be indirect. For instance, role models can influence their fans without necessarily expressing power on the later. Quansan considers power as follows: More generally, one could define ‘power’ as the more or less unilateral ability (real or perceived) or potential to bring about significant change, usually in people’s lives, through the actions of oneself or gregarious beings (Quansan, 2009, p. 1). This paper discusses power rather intensively. By this, the effect of unequal distributions such as wealth, knowledge, statutory positions, and access to ruler-ship which determine the imposition of will from one to another is studied, radically. This radical presentation will be built from both the political and theoretical views. The ‘Who Governs’ Problem The issue of quest for governance has a long history and still remains very relevant in present times. Obviously, the question of who assumes governance was thoughts-posed in Athens long before free thinkers like Aristotle and Plato took the matter up for study. Presently, developed and democratic America still grunts over challenges to decide who takes over power for leadership. The relevance of democracy is emphasized globally these days because societies are more convinced it is the best way to decide who is directly saddled with responsibility of influencing policies, decisions, and implementations. Through democracy, society supposes that power is within the control of the populace. And, individuals have says in what influence them. But then, the very base by which democracy stands is totally dependent of the contestation for even beneficiary in power, and it is not out of place to define democracy as ‘we must be partakers in the wills that govern us– we must be part of power’. Therefore, societies world over are accepting and adopting democratic governance as the best form of power expression, and the best form of implementing will. Unilateralism of power as stated by Quansan (2009, p. 1) is therefore meaningful. The total democratization of society is hardly achievable because of variation in factors that create power. Dahl argues: Now it has always been held that if equality of power among citizens is possible at all– a point
Nowadays, Middle East is the most significant and troubling shatterbelt in the world. The primary challenge in the region is constant political instability, sub-regional conflicts, terrorist attacks, and Islamist movements. This term derives from such features as severe cultural and economic differences and fragmentation based on political views, historical development, and plans for the future. However, the most important characteristic is being located far from major geopolitical powers, thus falling victims of their desire to increase control over the region (Kasperson and Minghi 185). Israel, Egypt, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and other Gulf and North African countries are located in the heart of the Middle East Shatterbelt (Gardner 111). It should be noted that the changes in the geopolitical balance of powers aggravated the situation in this region. During the Cold War, there was only one vector of massive conflicts, undermining stability in the area – Arab-Israeli conflict. Other local conflicts included Iraq and Afghanistan wars, but their severity was less spectacular. These conflicts were the areas of open confrontation of interests between the U.S. and the Soviet Union, as they backed up different sides and aimed at reducing the influence of opponents in this part of the globe (Cohen 375). However, as Russia recovered after the collapse of the Soviet Union and grew interested in outperforming the United States in this region, it started supporting the rise of ISIS, thus contributing to the maintenance of shatterbelt (Cohen 375). The foundation of the problem is the 2010 Arab Spring, covering Arab states with the wave of social upheavals aimed at diversifying economies, improving standards of living, and integration into the global economy. In Syria, the revolts resulted in civil war and the rise of ISIS that undermines global peace and stability. The primary challenge is the fact that the region becomes significantly involved in the confrontation between the United States and Russia as well as other geopolitical powers – China, India, and the European Union (Farmanfarmaian par. 3). Because all of them impose their ideas regarding appropriate development, the population of Arab countries ignores common historical background and cultural ties. Instead, people strive for reforms and democracy. It leads to the emergence of another conflict between Western values and conservative autocracy – the new Cold War caused by internal conflicts supported externally (Al-Rodhan, Herd, and Watanabe 4). The existence of the Middle East Shatterbelt has a robust impact on the development of the global economy. Because these countries are located at the junction of the continents and geopolitical powers, they have the potential for becoming a gateway and fostering international integration. However, as major actors are interested in gaining access to strategic natural resources such as oil and gas,