ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
This victim has experienced a traumatic event in the form of a motor vehicle accident. It was unexpected and Tim was severely affected by it. He got physical treatment for his wrists but there were plenty of other psychological challenges that emanated from the event. First, Tim was quite irritable at work and felt tense most of the time. He was angry and yelled loudly at most of his coworkers. He was also angry at the fact that the accident had happened to him and not any other person. Meanness to his peers became so intense that his partner threatened to leave him if he did nothing about it. Tim was also overdrinking and claimed that it was a coping mechanism for the incident. He would also panic a lot especially in scenarios that reminded him of the accident. Tim was also overwhelmed by a feeling of fear; he had trouble watching movies with accidents in them and kept visualizing the scene of the accident over and over. He had a fear of motor vehicle as these were also synonymous to the accident. Affective, behavioral and cognitive responses of the victim Affective traits witnessed in the victim include agitation with others (Vandenbos, 2006). He is actually displaying a lot of changes in his mood and these are causing him to appear irritable towards his co workers. He has to make considerable effort to control his mood and he has continuous periods of a negative mood. The severity of this problem can be rated as 7 out of 10 in the severity scale. Behavioral traits displayed by the victim include overdrinking as a coping mechanism. He is acting out and talking rudely to his co workers thus causing them emotional injury. Tim has also displayed avoidance behaviors by getting away from situations that remind him of the accident. He has also been increasingly tense and is having a hard time carrying out necessary work functions. This illustrates that his daily functioning has been compromised and one would say that behavioral components have reached a scale of 7 out of 10. Cognitively, the victim kept on thinking about the accident. These would often be triggered by an incident that reminded him of the occurrence. In other words, his thoughts of the accident were spiraling out of control and were getting close to an obsession. Since Tim is having trouble concentrating at work and making decisions as well then it can be asserted that the severity of his cognitive impairment can be categorized as marked impairment at a scale of 8 out of 10. Developmental ecological assessment approach The victim was at the secondary stage of the trauma because these problems occurred weeks after the accident (Overton, 2010). This victim’s coping style was trauma avoidance and acting out on ot
“Mouse: The Survivor’s Tale” is an outstanding example of a combination of incongruous form and content. It is a great skill to put such a terrible story into the format of a comic book. Art Spiegelman’s work is dedicated to the horrors of the Holocaust and allows talking about the war from different points of view. The work is large-scale and much-unbiased and observes the causes of those events. The author managed to convey the story, without embellishing or smoothing out the details. Thus, The Survivor’s Tale is a serious work in a genre that is considered frivolous and childish. In 1978, the American comic artist Art Spiegelman began to work on a book, the materials for which were the stories of Vladek Spiegelman, a Polish Jew who survived the Holocaust (Gavrilă 62). The story is presented in the form of an interview. This element of the narrative made the characters alive and real. Each character is presented with their individual and unique character. The writing, however, was complicated by the fact that Art and Vladek did not have a great relationship as the old man had a difficult character. However, Spiegelman continued to talk with the man and write the work. The result would be the creation of a comic book that reflected not only the history of the Holocaust but also the author’s own life. In the work, there are ugly at first glance black-and-white illustrations, simple and at the same time extremely depressing plot, and a unique way of presentation. The comic is specially designed in a simple graphic style. The characters are deliberately drawn similar to each other, without striking facial features, differing only in the style of clothing (Gavrilă 67). Thus, through the representation of nationalities by animal species, the author wanted to reduce the division of people by ethnicity. Spiegelman wanted to demonstrate the absurdity of the perception of people according to various patterns and clichés like national or political views. “Mouse: The Survivor’s Tale” is the only graphic novel that won the Pulitzer Prize, this work is studied in many schools and universities. This is a real story, reworked into an art form. Spiegelman became a very personal book and a kind of tribute to all the victims of the Holocaust. The Spiegelman family’s story accurately describes everything that happened at that time and all the atrocities and horrors that people went through. Work Cited Gavrilă, Ana-Maria. “Holocaust Representation and Graphical Strangeness in Art Spiegelman’s Maus: A Survivor’s Tale: “Funny Animals,” Constellations, and Traumatic Memory.” Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Communicatio , vol. 4, 2017, pp. 61-75.
The ‘Bring Your Own Device (BOYD)’ policy is a term that people use when describing the trend of permitting employees to bring their personally owned devices to the workplace and use those devices to access privileged information on the companies’ networks and servers. This policy helps companies to realize immense savings in terms of acquisition of new equipment and subsequent maintenance of these devices. Despite this obvious advantage of the BOYD policy, there are some underlying negative impacts that companies employing this trend may not be aware of or lack the proper tools to manage (Goodrich, & Tamassia, 2011). Threats The BYOD policy has created a situation called the end node problem where a single device is used for accessing both high-risk and sensitive work in the company’s network server. One of the strategies used by the risk-averse organizations is in forcing the employees to use separate devices for internet applications to reduce the risks that come with the BYOD policies. The strategy is often referred to as ‘inverse-BYOD’ strategy. There is also a risk of infecting the company servers with malware which may end up corrupting important company information. This risk occurs because most users share their personal devices with other people, especially friends and relatives most of whom know little to nothing about the potential threat that malware presents, and how to protect their devices from these computer viruses. Data breaches are also causes for concern in organizations which have adopted the BYOD policy. Data breaches may occur in situations where an employee uses an unsecured device to access and download sensitive company information. Since the device is unsecured, any person (whether trusted or otherwise) who can gain access to the device will also have access to the company data (Vacca, 2013). Such people may end up corrupting this data or even worse, use the data for malicious purposes. Vulnerabilities  1. End node problem – a situation where a single device is accessing both high-risk and sensitive work in the company’s network server.  2. Malware – is unwanted software that interrupts the normal operation of computer systems. A single infected device, when connected to the company servers, can spread the viruses/malware to other devices in the same network. This may lead to the failure of the entire network.  3. Data breaches – are situations where unauthorized persons gain access to company information/data. This usually occurs when an employee fails to secure data previously downloaded from the company’s server onto their device. Security approaches Some companies issue th
The concept of culture is a fundamental phenomenon influencing all spheres of human life. It influences people’s actions, methods, and approaches toward specific tasks and daily interactions. Thus, Roseberry determines culture as a socially constructed and socially constitutive part of the context where all activities take place. It means that all other fundamental institutions and phenomena, such as power, economy, and history, comprise the culture. At the same time, being the way of life, it influences the mentioned spheres and preconditions for the emergence of critical processes in these domains. In other words, peculiarities of culture influence decision-making in political processes and historical events which took place at different stages of society’s evolution. Furthermore, the approaches to business in particular, and economy in general, depend on the values and visions peculiar to a bearer of a particular culture. For this reason, by understanding history and politics, it is possible to understand this unique notion and its layers. Rosebery also assumes that culture is socially constituted, meaning that many cultures share the same visions and values. For example, my own culture is similar to the culture of my friends and the people surrounding me as we live within the same context and share similar approaches. However, at the global level, my system of beliefs and visions differs from the same framework used by people from other regions to guide their decision-making and actions. It is explained by the social nature of culture and its unique character. It includes different perspectives and attitudes shared by people from similar communities and, at the same time, it influences their mentalities and visions. For this reason, it is possible to conclude that culture is a social construct influencing social interactions and fundamental institutions vital for everyday interactions.
Codification of processes within an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system is integral in ensuring that quality is maintained (Leoncini & Montresor, 2007). In this manner, an aspect of continuous improvement on quality is observed. Eventually, firms benefit from such continuous improvement concepts that are derived from codification. Codification of processes within an ERP system ensures proper numbering of processes. An example of such coding practice is evidenced in numbering of materials, current stocks and pricing. In this manner, firms are able to maintain a continuous flow of processes or functions without confusion (Leoncini & Montresor, 2007). Firms that are known to lose time and money through duplication of processes are able to eliminate this bottleneck using codification. In many of the instances, an auto-material requirement planning (MRP) is also facilitated from the ERP codification. In this respect, the auto-MRP involvement in material planning is done at a low cost and supervision. The codification process is not an easy task as it involves a wide range of experts. In this respect, the management of the ERP is done by a team of experts who facilitates continuous improvement in the firm. The codification process in an ERP system is essential in ensuring that non-value activities that are streamed out, hence reducing unnecessary costs (Leoncini & Montresor, 2007). Moreover, firms are able to reduce the cost of labor involved in managing different processes. Eventually, firms are able to integrate their functions into achieving a common goal. By ensuring that a firm’s supply chain is lean and abides to quality standards, achieving a competitive advantage becomes easy. Moreover, management of data within the firm requires a well organized ERP system. Such is only achieved through codification of data streamlined within the ERP system. It is true that the ERP systems are sometimes a hindrance to innovations (Kersten, Blecker & Herstatt, 2007). In order to minim
“The Urban Climacteric”, the first chapter of “ The Planet of Slums,” explores the population explosion in urban centers as a result of the migration of the global population towards urban centers. The growth has surpassed the previous prediction by almost 300% as more cities reach the urban population of more than a million dwellers. It is predicted that if this trend continues, the cities across the globe will accommodate almost 100 percent of the global population by the year 2050. The chapter further predicts that 95% of the population explosion in urban centers will occur in developing countries that are notorious for poor planning and resource management to sustain such growth. At present, the mega and hyper cities are taking over from the traditional urban centers that had a population of less than a million residents. To understand the impact of mega and hyper cities’ population, the UN report of the year 2000 indicated that the city of Tokyo has surpassed its growth threshold just like New York, Seoul, and Mexico. The currently overpopulated cities such as Jakarta, Shanghai, Karachi, and Dhaka among others are expected to swell further as the urban population expands exponentially (Davis 5). The urban population explosion is explained in this chapter as influencing the development of new corridors, networks, and hierarchies in service delivery. For instance, in America, geographers have highlighted the development of a new leviathan called the Rio/Sao Paulo Extended Metropolitan Region, which stretches for more than 500 kilometers to cover a series of mid-size cities within Brazil. The central megapolis of the leviathan is larger than the densely populated Tokyo-Yokohama transport network. Another leviathan is the giant Amoeba of Mexico City, which has completely engulfed Toluca and is likely to incorporate a significant proportion of central Mexico into one large megapolis in the next three decades. The third leviathan is the West African conurbation, which stretches across the entire Gulf of Guinea with Lagos City being its embryo. In the Asian continent, there are several large-scale post-urban cities such as the Pearl River, which encircles Guangzhou and Hong Kong cities. The other leviathan is the Yangtze River, which captures the populous city of Shanghai delta from Tianjin to Beijing. Unlike other unplanned cities in Asia, China is at the forefront in creating super scale urban megapolises that can only be compared to New York’s Philadelphia and Tokyo’s Osaka (Davis 5). For instance, the Shanghai Economic Zone remains the largest sub-nationally planned urban entity across the globe, despite having been commissioned more than two decades ago. Just like the Shanghai Economic Zone, the chapter notes that China is currently planning and developing other similar megapolises that might usher in an urban corridor stretching from North Korea up to West Java and beyond. Once completed, the corridor
Introduction FIFA 10, also known as FIFA Soccer 10, was developed by Electronic Arts (EA) Canada and released by EA worldwide in different regions of the world from 2 nd October. This is the 17 th label in the EA FIFA series of soccer game series and is available for PlayStation 2 and 3, Xbox 360, Microsoft Windows, and Nintendo’s Wii. Portable editions were also released for the iPhone, Nintendo DS, PlayStation Portable (PSP), and mobile phones. FIFA 10 is an improvement of its predecessor, FIFA 09, and gives the players a new level of game control through enhanced gameplay responsiveness, individual team settings, pre-match scouting news, advanced goalkeeping tactics, and a new Russian league. Upon its release, FIFA 10 was given high approval ratings by various game review agencies such as Metacritic, GameRankings, and IGN UK, it even ranked higher than its closest competitor, Konami Pro-Evolution Soccer 2010 (Konami PES 2010). The game features 31 leagues with more than 500 teams. Discussion FIFA 10 addressed numerous issues and criticisms that had arisen in its previous versions, some of the features unique to this title are discussed below. Gameplay FIFA 10 features a more complex ball control and improved physical interactions among players; it offers gamers a 360-degree control and this was its major giving (Bramwell, para. 3). A gamer can make runs, shots, and passes precisely; greater ball control is partly due to the improved ball physics. A new feature, the ‘Total Football Experience’ was added to this edition and allows players to access football news from all the clubs participating in a tournament or league. A player can use an ‘Assistant Manager’ to prepare his team for upcoming matches, for example, if the next match pits the team against a strong opponent, he will choose the most outstanding players. Pre-season friendlies have been added to some versions of this edition and give the manager a chance to prepare the team for the upcoming league season. When a player chooses to simulate a game, the results are based on the team’s strengths unlike in earlier editions where the scores were randomly assigned. Many improvements were made in the gameplay regarding minor offenses, for example, unintended handballs and players making tackles after the ball has been released can go unpunished. This was not possible in FIFA 09. Besides, the referee may play an advantage in case of these fouls and the game is only halted when a player is seriously hurt. Quick free kicks are also a feature of FIFA 10. Other g
These are protests that came to prominence in the course of 1950s, which raised concern against the incessant discrimination and racial segregation experienced by the American Africans and other marginalized groups in the southern America. Continued oppression against people of different color, race, politics, or even religion had inspired many young American Africans to join action in the struggle for equality (Chong 23). Some of the prominent figures in the Movement include Martin Luther King Jr, Malcolm X, W.E.B. Du Bois and Rosa Parks among others. Although the civil rights mass protest was officially formalized in the 1950s and 1960s, the fight for equality in various institutions of the U.S. had started long time ago. Community leaders in various segmentations of the society had showed resistance to the white supremacy and domination against the African Americans which had been abounded in some states. ‘Everyday’s Use’ written at the peak of the transformational movement, is a perfect expression and reflection of the issue of the aspects surrounding the civil rights movement. Set at the height of the social issue, the story is a real representation of the key aspects of the day. Here, the writer applies writing to highlight some of the main issues surrounding the Black Power Movement. Walker’s purpose on the story is achieved through the creative
In the modern society, governmental agencies are struggling to satisfy educational needs of citizens. In this regard, the adult populations rarely access the available academic resources (Holmberg, Huvila, Kronqvist-Berg, & Widen-Wulff, 2009). Inflation has posed a big challenge to the government, particularly the ministry of education and community service, which are unable to provide adequate learning materials to the public (Fraley, & Anderson, 1985). Furthermore, the new technological advancements and unavailable finances make it difficult for the adults to access the reading materials form national libraries. In this program, the community workers seek to establish a library program that would cater for the needs of the adult population in the community (Ellsworth, 1973). The program would be designed to suit the learning needs of the adult population. In this regard, some baseline study would be undertaken to ascertain the number of community members in need of library services. In the current local community, studies show that adults are willing to use the public libraries because of the shortages of funds that bar the locals from accessing modern and developed libraries. This shows that this project would be beneficial to the local community, particularly the adults. The available libraries in the community cannot offer quality services due to insufficient personnel and inadequate resources, such as computers (Casey, & Savastinuk, 2006). In fact, libraries need to be fitted with modern equipments to comply with the requirements of the information age. This program is to be delivered by a group of students, in conjunction with other stakeholders that will be invited to sponsor the program. Students would be requested to participate in executing the program while in vacation. After sometime, the managers of the program will come up with a system that would ensure students join the program through the internship program. However, some individuals will be employed in the secretariat in order to oversee the performance of the program. The success of the program depends on the willingness of students to participate in the community service. Since the community does not have a major community service specializing in offering library services, many students undertaking courses related to library management would be willing to participate. For any program to succeed, program managers must commit their time, as well as resources. Similarly, this program is expected to consume many resources and would cost the staff a considerable time to execute it. In this regard, managers of the program will seek support from other community organizations known for their records as far as funding of library services in the community is concerned. For
Health care is considered to be one of the important issues in the life of each person that provides the necessary treatment and health preservation through dental, nursing, medical, and laboratory services. There are so many people, who need medical consultations and help, but, unfortunately, they do not have enough money to provide themselves with such a chance. This is why it is crucially important to think and clear up whether health care should be a basic right of Americans or it is just a privilege of only some people. To answer this very question, it is better to analyze the situations, people get into because of absence of medical insurance. “It is well known that the gap between those who receive the best health care in the world and those who receive the worst is staggering and that which side of the gap one is on makes a significant difference in the length and quality of one’s life.” (Green, 2005) Is it fair that one person can easily get any kind of medical help just because he/she has enough money support, even without medical insurance, while another person suffers from some unknown disease and cannot find financial support to get the necessary treatment? Hardly such inequality can be just! To my mind, health care should be one of the most important interests of our society. The point is that government should use taxpayers’ money in order to fund health care, and make it available for everyone. If it is so, then health care should be a right of all Americans. However, if health care and best medical services are available to only some people, health care is not considered as a basic right, but as a privilege. To explain the importance of the health care right, it is possible to take some examples, which ordinary people share with the readers. Karen Tumulty from San Antonio presents an educative story, happened to his older brother Patrick, who always put off his visit to doctors because of medical insurance’s absence. In order to clear up what happened to him, doctors spent much time and Pat’s money. “Patrick needed help quickly, and we didn’t have a clue where or how to start looking for it.” (Tumulty, 2009) Health care should be a basic right for all Americans. However, this suggestion may cause lots of questions: how to provide all this, how to pay for it, what issues should be covered at first and which ones should be covered later, etc. Of course, it can be said that there are many other industrialized countries, which have already solved this problem, and American government may just analyze their policies and use