ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction In the current business environment, the primary objectives of organizations are profit-making and sustainability of performance in the short and long-term. Over the years, mergers and acquisitions have been deployed as an external growth strategy. This strategy has gained momentum as a result of increased privatization, liberalization, deregulation, and globalization in most sectors of the business arena. This paper examines the impacts of merger and acquisition events on the sustainability performance of merged organizations with reference to the Indian Aviation Industry. Mergers and Acquisitions on the Sustainability Performance Notable Mergers and Acquisitions Mergers and acquisitions as a form of business consolidation have gained popularity across the major global industries such as telecom, aviation, banking, and automobile. For example, the renowned mergers and acquisitions are Benz and Chrysler, SBC and AT&T, and Air France and KLM (Lozano 2013). Several research activities have been carried out on the benefits and demerits of mergers and acquisitions. Specifically, as noted by Kim et al. (2014) and Jassem, Azmi, and Zakaria (2018), the news of a potential merger or acquisition is often sensitive and can immediately result in a sharp rise or decline in share prices for the involved companies Across the globe, firms enter a merger and acquisition with other organizations that are in the same line of business or related sector as part of diversification. For instance, in the case of the Benz and Chrysler merger, both firms benefited from the expanded market in luxury vehicles and improved efficiency in the cost of production (Kim et al. 2014). In the post-merger, the cost of production for Chrysler and Benz’s brands reduced by 5%. Moreover, the two firms have been able to improve their financial standing in the global automobile industry. Due to this merger, the Benz-Chrysler brand has assumed the first position in the global luxury automobile industry. Herbohn, Walker, and Loo (2014) and Harrison and Wicks (2013) concur that companies entering into mergers with firms that are diversified are positioned to explore and exploit a myriad of advantages that were not available in the previous business model. Since diversification involves the expansion of operations into other industries or sectors, firms that enter into a merger and acquisition are like
Introduction Man has always been concerned with morality: what is right and what is wrong. Human beings do not live in isolation; they have to live with other people sharing in their lives and also interact with their environment. It is commonly agreed that humans have higher faculties than other animals and are capable of cooperation and moral conduct. However, in their interaction human being are faced with conflicts. The conflicts are concerned with their relationship with other human beings and also with their relationship with their environment. The issue of right and wrong has to be raised. To guide conduct in human beings and their relationships, then rules have been developed. In most cases when we think of morals, the issue that is raised is that of rules. In most cases, people evaluated their moral conduct concerning rules; conduct is considered to be moral if it is by rules and wrong if it is against the rule. Although rules are important, morality cannot be defined in terms. Discussion Personals Stand Rules are important to the moral development and moral conduct of human beings. They have a moral value by synthesizing the principles used in the morality of a certain community or socials setting. The synthesis and restating of moral principles into rules are used to create certainty and reduce error and conflicts that can result from individuals following their own morals rules. Thus, rules are guidelines that are used to generalize the moral principles of a certain community. Guidelines are important for cooperation between human beings. This is important when many people have to cooperate since it reduces conflict and allows easier coordination between stakeholders. For example, in a school children require a rule to guide them in their conduct. Lack of rules in a school may lead to conflict between students and educators and also among themselves. Students expect schools to have rules and when the rules are not there students may not be held accountable for their actions. Rules are commonly accepted and many people agree that it is right to follow rules. However, it is a common understanding that we are not supposed to follow certain rules when we believe them to be wrong. This raises another higher source of morality. Although
The nursing population tends to increase in diversity, prioritizing the need to encourage inclusion and equity. To ensure that nurses can provide effective care, it is critical to establish an environment that welcomes differences and considers them as resources. First, it is necessary to define diversity within a certain community of the nursing workforce. Namely, it is important to clarify the expected outcomes of promoting diversity, formulating them clearly and understandably (Mason et al., 2020). Education of the nursing personnel contributes to building awareness among nurses, which can be achieved during group discussions, nurturing difficult conversations, and addressing prejudices against diversity. Recruiting nurses should include clarifying the terms of inclusion to engage them in the established environment. The nursing workforce should be multinational, which implies recruiting minorities in nursing programs. One of the examples is recruiting the LGBTQ+ community members and developing the relationships between them and other nurses. Those with privilege should be encouraged to help others become active members of a team. At the same time, those who lack privilege can be given more opportunities to get involved with community outreach (Villarruel et al., 2015). For example, many Spanish and Asian patients with poor English language knowledge struggle to understand their treatment details. In this case, nurses from similar ethnic/racial backgrounds can be assigned to these patients to prevent misunderstanding. Such an approach allows for promoting better interaction in the team and leads to positive patient outcomes. Among other barriers that would potentially be addressed by means of the diverse and inclusive nursing workforce, there is patients’ lack of health literacy and poor access to health care.
Main Research Highlight Although interactions between transcriptional factors (TFs) and genes through low-affinity promoters have been largely ignored and their contribution in transcriptional regulation disregarded, they are abundant in vivo. These bindings between TFs and low-affinity promoters form a notable fraction of the interactions between TFs and DNA and are promoter sequence dependent. Strongest Evidence Supporting this Research Highlight The strongest evidence that supports this highlight is the fact that through analyzing data from the current Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments quantitatively, the study reveals widespread low affinity transcriptional interactions in a genome. Unlike previous analysis methods the ChIP data was interpreted quantitatively, the focus was therefore not only on a few dozens high specificity hits for each TF but covered the entire specificity range of the TFs (Tanay, 2006). Why the quantitative approach is the strongest evidence The previous working hypothesis that TFs either bind perfectly to a sequence motif or do not bind at all meant that the analysis of ChIP data made use of a digital model such that all the data was transformed into binary TF-gene interactions. This openly ignores the contribution of low-affinity TF-gene interactions that do not give perfect binary ChIP measurements. The quantitative approach employs an analogue model that analyses the ChIP data as it is without any transformations thus increasing the possibility of detecting low-affinity TF-gene interactions. The ChIP data from mapping yeast genome transcriptional network indicated information content in nonspecific binding profiles. The occurrence of this may be due to TF-DNA interactions which are functionally organized although they are not indicating any highly specific interactions. Such information content may also be as a result of experimental or normalization artifacts thus nullifying the research highlight of the paper. To strengthen the highlight, ChIP binding ratios were compared to the sequence-based predictions of TF affinities. The predicstion is usually done using the Position Weight Matrices (PWM). The ChlP data and PWM predictions showed high correlation over a wide dynamic range. This indicates high dependence between the ChlP values and the sequence hence greatly supporting the fact that TF-low affinity promoters binding is promoter sequence dependent and that the quantitative approach is advantageous. It can be seen from this that ChlP profiles can able to provide information about a wide dynamic range of specificities. The possibility of performing regression of a PWM model to an entire ChIP binding profile by use of PREGO algorithm further strengthens the quantitative approach in transcriptional analysis. Since this algorithm exploits information from the full spectrum of binding energies, it is possible to detect PWMs that could not be detected previously from the ChlP data using the digital model. These PWMs are for the low-affinity transcriptional interactions that the digital model ignored. T
It is quite common to sub-contract the making of components to specialist firms or to cheaper producers. This practice does increase their dependence on outside suppliers and reduces to some extent their control on the quality of the components. The opportunity cost approach to this type is obtained from alternative uses of the productive capacity releases as the result of subcontracting the making of components. This is a case of outsourcing where relevant costs analysis is carried out. Outsourcing is the ordering of goods or labor from outside the plant. In this case the ,company is intending to outsource the production of 8000 GPSN from Thailand rather than producing them in the US. The decision to be made here is about whether the goods should be outsourced or produced in-house. Apart from the quantitative analysis, qualitative factors will also be considered as necessary. The qualitative factor that should be considered in this case is the factor of transfer of technology to Thailand and the loss of business incase the firm decides to produce without referring to the company after the expiry to the contract period. In the analysis in this case, we shall consider relevant costs only in this case of by of outsource or produce locally. Let us now consider the possibility that the firm accepted the offer, the productive capacity released as a result will not remain idle, and will be used to extend the production line of Global Positioning system navigator (GPSN). The following is the calculation of the 8,000 units that will be incurred. Figure 1. The calculation of the 8,000 units The difference in the production in house and outsourcing is 472,000 in total per month after taking into consideration all relevant costs. It is expensive for the company to outsource this product at a cost of 395. This is after considering two expenses general company overhead and supervisory labour as a fixed overhead which will be incurred either way. The supervision labour will be incurred whether the production is in house or outsourced. This makes it a fixed cost. From this case, I will advise the company to not outsource the production of this units unless the company that wants to outsource offers a price which is lower than 338. The allocated fixed costs are irrelevant to the decision since they are not affected, and will continue to be incurred by Behemoth Motors Corp (BMC) irrespective of whether the parts are made or outsourced. Since the relevant costs of making are less than the costs of buying the firm should reject the offer and continue to make the parts. In the examples which we have examined so far, the selection of alternative courses of action has been made on the basis of seeking the most profitable result. Business enterprises are limited in the pursuit of profit by the fact that they have limited resources at their disposal, so that quite apart from the limitation on the quantities of any product which the market will buy at a given price, the firm has its own constraints on the volume of out
Gender Role Socialization The construction of roles based on one’s sex through socialization in the family setting has shaped up the understanding of gender in the society (Else-Quest et al. 947). Gender socialization concerns the process through which children of varying sexes acquire the norms and customs that portray their gender roles (Berns 49). In this case, interviewing a parent on the activities that demonstrate the socialization of gender roles in their children would provide valid insights into understanding human growth and development. Evidently, from the interview, parents play various roles that influence the child in a manner that inculcates the roles expected of their sex. Parents, in their caregiving roles, expose children to what it implies to be a boy or a girl early in their life. The different treatment experienced by boys and girls from their parents has a significant impact on gender socialization at a very young age. For instance, differentiated dressing according to gender particular colors introduces children to their gender roles. Further, parents influence children’s internalization of messages pertaining role differences early in their life thereby they generate stereotypes at a young age. In this case, for instance, children understand that men have an edge in negotiating compared to women and thus, start stereotyping the two sexes. Further, participating in sex-type games like housekeeping and doll playing fosters gender socialization. The aspects of femininity and masculinity instilled through gender socialization influence the educational outcomes of both boys and girls. Overall, boys achieve better results in the natural sciences as compared to girls while the latter excels in arts and social sciences. Therefore, the influence of the parent that instills a sense of stereotype in children affects their educational performance and career choices later in life as boys pursue the technical and natural sciences while girls prefer the humanities career path. Peer Influence The school setting provides a thriving environment for peer influence as children between the age of 6 and 11 years seek to establish a sense of identity (Stewart 182). Particularly, observing school-going boys in their peer groups demonstrate aspects of development in their cognitive, physical, social, emotional, and language use aspects of growth. In this concern, the behaviors depicted in their interactions uncover the level through which they influence each other’s undertakings thereby affecting their academic performance. Notably, the children relied on each other more as compared to their parents, thus demonstrating their confidence. Additionally, the boys know what tallies as “appropriate” for them as they mostly interacted with fellows of the same sex and played games considered boyish. Further, the boys’ self-esteem is influenced by the perceptions of their peers about them thereby determines their behavior and attitude in the school setting. Additionally, peer influence determi
For this assignment, I have chosen song 5. Listening to it, the first thing that came to my mind was hot India with its small streets filled with the sweet flavor of spices and bdellium. To apply this song to the short story, I would like to write a scene for a docudrama depicting events of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. The idea is to make this song an associative soundtrack, so it will perfectly fit the recollections of a pre-war happy life of a young Indian soldier. Before writing the story itself, it is essential to point to some details regarding the plot, so it is easier to imagine all details:   * Actors – young Indian actors (preferably those for whom the film will become the first role and acquaintance with the movie world to point to the problem of invisibility of deaths during wars because, in most cases, people who die in conflicts are not visible in their society or community, even though they make a significant contribution to its future welfare);   * The time frame of a story – December 1971;   * Location of the story – East Pakistan. The story opens with portraying a young Indian soldier hiding in his fighting position. It is early in the morning, and an enemy is silent. Therefore, the soldier finds himself lost in the recollections of the life he had before this war. He thinks of everything he experienced. The very first thing that comes to his mind is his nonchalant childhood. Even though he was born in slums, his childhood was happy and full of adventures because he spent numerous hours of fun and laughter with his friends, running to the river and swimming, stealing fruits at a local market, and escaping from angry salesmen who caught little troublemakers. This scene perfectly fits with the song. The timeframe is the very beginning of the selected soundtrack – 0:00 to 0:18. It is dynamic to underline the active pace of his life. The idea is to show his moving into adulthood and the way his life changed from being a kid to becoming an adolescent who started working at the same local market to support his family. This scene will as well be accompanied by the music from the soundtrack. The timeframe for this scene is 0:18 to 0:37. To make the memories of the soldier brighter and attract the attention of a viewer to the problem of violence at wars, the idea is to incorporate the love line in the scene. To achieve this goal, one of the recollections of the adolescent life will end up with a sudden stop – seeing a beautiful young girl at the market. To accompany this scene, one part of the song will be chosen – 0:37-0-42. At this moment, there is a sudden stop – similar to one that happened in the boy’s heart when he was blinded by the beauty of the stranger. Here, it is essential to add voices and noises common for all markets to make the scene more realistic and not isolated from life. However, all of them, along with the soundtrack, will fade out once the main hero sees the young g
Organization and Staffing In the recent past, there has been a rise in the cases of attacks on information preserved by organizations. The attacks usually affect information stored in software deemed as safe and secure. While some cases may be because of internal threats caused by employees, others are external perpetrated by outsiders. As a result, it is essential to have a functional and well-designed department of information security assurance that protects, detects, responds, and governs the integrity of information classified and preserved by organizations. It is within this context that the paper assesses the sample activities performed by functions of the information security and assurance department, highlights the skills required, and explains the benefits of diversifying roles in the department. Fundamentally, the sample activities undertaken by various functions of information security and assurance department concern their responsibilities. For instance, the sample activity undertaken by the individuals in the protection section relates to safeguarding information from external or internal threats. A good example is evident with the use of codes and passwords that are only available to authorized persons. In the explanation of Park (2009), the development of alarms that go on when individuals try to access the system illegally is a sample activity that concerns the detection section of the department. On the other hand, a sample activity that is evident in the response section entails the development of a rapid response that blocks hackers from accessing the system and stealing information. Alignment to the provisions of Governance Risk and Compliance is the sample activity that the government department has to execute. The skills required by employees working in the various sections of the information security and assurance department are in tandem with the duties that they undertake. Notably, those employees, who work in the protection function or section, need to have expertise in the development of passwords and codes that prevent access to information by unauthorized personnel (Whitman & Mattord, 2011). On the other hand, the detection function requires skills on issues that regard the development of alarms and triggers that alert the organization in cases of illegal access to classified information. Rapid response plans and policies are skills that employees executing the response function need to have, whereas employees working in the sector of governance should have skills on the issues that relate to compliance and government requirements. The advantage of having the same staff performing protection and detection activities is the swift nature of solutions in case of an emergency. Remarkably, the swiftness occasions because of the limited time used in handling and solving the problem. As such, employees utilize the time that could be lost in the process of contacting the detection department of the organization to address the problem