Introduction In early modern Europe, the majority of institutions were patriarchal in character. It implied that they were restricted to male dominance, and women had very limited possibilities for employment. In addition, society had particular representations of the role of women, and the forms of employment available to them were strongly affected by these views. Women living in early modern Europe had limited employment possibilities, and the corporate system was reduced to male authority in the majority of cases. Labor organization of that era implied the weak inclusion of women in it. Employment of Women in Agriculture Almost every European country in the world with favorable climate conditions developed the agricultural industry in the early modern period because it was a profitable sphere that had a significant impact on different states’ economic systems. “Most parts of Europe depended on grain-based agriculture – wheat in central and southern Europe, rye and oats in the north – with a gender division of labor typical of that in grain-growing societies”. 1 Therefore, the government needed women to be involved in agriculture as well because only men would not be able to cope with all the work. Nevertheless, the representatives of the female gender could not occupy the positions of operators as men were considered to be more responsible and educated. Although sometimes both men and women used to have similar duties, their labor was rewarded differently. Indeed, males received higher salaries in the early modern European states because they were obliged to support their families. In turn, the representatives of the female gender did not have to work as hard as men due to particular health conditions. In conclusion, women were highly engaged in agriculture since many regions were dependent on it (for instance, on grain or grape gathering). Nevertheless, their wages were different from that of men. 2 Although it was not common for women to be landowners, the wives of some politicians or rich people were allowed to hire other men to work in their fields and gather an ample harvest that they had. However, the majority of females preferred to work in their gardens to feed their families. As men were obliged to earn money, their wives, sisters, and mothers were responsible for the food provided to their families. When they managed to grow more than their family members could consume, they had to sell some food products to earn money as well. The representatives of the female gender usually sold vegetables and fruit that they grew in their gardens. Although this was not an official method to earn money for living, it was more profitable than regular fieldwork due to wage discrimination. It is essential to state that women’s activities in early modern Europe depended on their habitats’ location. For instance, German housewives used to brew beer to sell it afterward. Women from Spain specialized in cooking gammoning pork, whereas Scandinavian families made national spirit drinks to make their living. Also, women’s labor was sometimes necessary for gathering grapes for the wine production industry. As there were not enough men to complete the work quickly (until