ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Being one of the most beautiful cities in the world that attracts the attention of a number of tourists, Venice is also considered as one of the main Italian cities the development of which defines the history of the country and the idea of international relationships. The peculiar feature of Venice is that it is known as a free city and may become home for people in need. In comparison to other Italian cities as well as the cities of other countries, Venice is the place that has been never subjugated (Sanderson-Chambers, Fletcher, and Pullan 4). Such power and free will may be based on the fact that the city was built by Christians because of a burning necessity and fear but not because of the desire to create an independent city and believe in the idea of voluntary actions. Trade is one of the spheres the citizens of Venice have been really good at for a long period of time. The reasons why the success in trade is inherent to the city may be predetermined by different factors: an appropriate location, confident political and economic activities, and the ability to develop good relations with different countries like Egypt, Syria, and some representatives of Southeast Asia or Europe. The analysis of the trade period between 1500 and 1914 will show that each century was a new triumph in the sphere of Venetian trade. Its citizens did not find their success as the final destination of their possibilities, this is why merchants wanted to find new ways to develop long-distance trade and make use of each idea and possibility available to them. The results of such aspirations were evident: at the beginning of 1914, the economic base of Venice was all about tourism and trade. The period between 1500 and 1914 shows how successful the development of one particular sphere may be in case the citizens make use of each possibility considering its geography and a number of environmental factors; Venice is the city that serves as a powerful example of how to become a flourishing trade center and unite the countries of Western Europe with the rest of the world; the location of the city is probably the main key to its success as the city was ready to defend itself and continue developing the relations with different countries, this is why some political, economic, or even religious problems were not as influential in Venice as they were in other countries. Peculiarities of Venice Location and Its Impact on Trade Venice is located in the Northern part of Italy and occupies the eastern coast of the region (Englekirk v-2). The peculiar feature of the city is that its bigger part is submerged in water. Such location p
Introduction Digital marketing is the use of various communication avenues such as Web, e-mails, print media, and other electronic medium to convey marketing information to organisation’s customers and potential customers (Klososky). In the modern times, digital media are influencing the marketing activities of many organisations across the world. This has had an impact on purchases of business organisation’s goods. Organisations have embraced digital marketing to support their marketing activities (Klososky). The major aim of digital marketing is to acquire new customers and retain the existing ones. Digital marketing involves multichannel processes through online mediums that are designed to reach as many customers as possible (Klososky). Literature review Marketing trends have been subject to various changes over the past decades. Many organisations have resorted to the use of digital marketing in reducing marketing costs and reaching out to as many clients as possible (Rowley). The evolution of the internet and other electronic commerce forums has made exchange of information simpler and faster. These events present a virtual market for many companies in the modern world. Today, companies have continuously used technological breakthroughs to adopt digital platforms as marketing avenues of goods and services. Digital marketing offers different opportunities to marketers. According to Rowley, digital marketing helps organisations increase the number of hours that are allocated for business. The company can use the digital marketing platform to enable clients have unlimited access to business marketing information instead of being restricted to the normal business working hours. Additionally, digital marketing presents the company with an opportunity to establish cost saving strategies (Rowley). Digital marketing helps eliminate the costs that the company would have otherwise incurred on other marketing activities. Digital marketing presents organisations with opportunities to learn about the customer needs in a quick way and deliver specialised services to clients. Globally, digital marketing also offers companies opportunity to reach out to customers worldwide by avoiding regulations and restrictions that come with physical marketing. It also enables an organisation to reach many customers at once through print media, TV, and radio. However, organisations wishing to use digital marketing techniques are faced with various challenges. The challenges range from recruitment of the staff and retention (Chaffey). The organisation has to consider whether the present staff members are well versed with digital operations. Organi
Introduction Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984) is a compelling novel regarding science fiction in the twentieth century. It is written by George Orwell, a renowned writer, and reflects on various aspects of the society at that time. It outlines some elements of how the state could use its power to dominate or influence the lives of people primarily through the aspect of cultural conditioning as the Party can manipulate and control the people through totalitarianism policies. This can be seen clearly by how Winston Smith’s personality is manipulated to the extent that he is not only integrated into the Party’s image but also comes to adore Big Brother though involuntarily. According to the author, the novel is intended to enlighten society on the kind of society they should desire. This critical essay gives an insight into Winston and Julia’s relationship and its credibility. Winston Smith and Julia’s Relationship Winston Smith belonged to the outside Party from Oceania, which represented America and England in reality. He, for an extended period, kept his feelings to himself until the latter due to fear of being punished as the state was ruthless. His rebellion against Big Brother results in his arrest and mistreatment. Julia, on the other hand, is a young, beautiful, and strong woman, a kind which does not in any way attract or interest Winston, and this makes him hate her so much. However, Julia seems interested in Winston through her acts. At the end of it all, we find Winston and Julia being in love , though they were quite different regarding various aspects of life, most specifically the intellectual capabilities, although they were both rebellious of the Party. Their reasoning, perspectives, and inspirations were entirely parallel due to some differences in age, among other factors. For example, Winston thought of how the future generations could have a much better life free from the influence of the Party as it was before the Party took over leadership, but Julia could not think of this since she did not know of life before the Party. Julia’s reasons for rebelling against Big Brother were different. She was rebellious just for the sake of being against the Party but nothing much. Their love story started in a very peculiar manner where Julia falls, and Winston offers to assist her just as he would do to any other person. It was at this moment that Julia gets the advantage of airing what she had longed for a considerable time by giving him a note in which she had written that she loved him. Although Winston had been unreceptive towards women and particularly Julia, he was touched by the words in the note, and their love affair kicked off, although they kept the affair secret for a long time (Brodeur and Orwell 1995). The love relationship between Winston and Julia in 1984 does not seem genuine and credible due to the circumstances that surround it. There appear that there is no complete love between them, and there is a lack of emotional connection, although they both have the desire to love
A quitclaim deed is a legally recognized document that is used by owners of real property known as the grantors to convey their interest to the recipient (grantee). The grantor surrenders one’s interest in a property, hence giving up ownership to the grantee. As a rule, a quitclaim deed has no title assurance and hence does not give the recipient a guarantee on the condition of the title of the property. The recipient is only permitted to the interest that the grantor has control during the release of the property. It can therefore be concluded that quitclaims do not give any assurances of guarantees or warranties, hence the reason they are used commonly by family members who trust one another to transfer property. The fact that I have taken over the property on quitclaim, Dr. Patel foresees some problems pertaining to the family farm. One of the problems that Dr. Patel would anticipate with regard to the property is the fact that there is no assurance on the title of the property because of the lack of a title covenant as the property is transferred using a quitclaim deed. Dr. Patel is, therefore, not sure whether I truly have the ownership of the family farm or the interests that I have on the family farm. The farm does not have warranties from grandma, who is the grantor in this case; thus, Dr. Patel may be skeptical about the clarity of the farm’s title. Dr. Patel might also find it difficult to believe that I have an interest in the property. In a quitclaim, if the recipient realizes that after taking over the property, the grantor does not own the property, then the recipient (grantee) may surrender the estate to the bona fide owner. It is for these reasons that Dr. Patel may be reluctant to offer me a loan. Dr. Patel sees a problem because he may not get his money back in the case that I do not repay his money, and on the other hand, I do not have ownership of the land conferred to me by grandma. A warranty deed, on the other hand, differs from a quitclaim deed from the fact that in a warranty deed, the grantor gives an assurance to the grantee that the property sold has a clear title and that the grantor possesses the right to sell the property to the recipient. In this case, the assurance is not limited to the time of purchase, but it stretches back to earlier owners of the estate. In my case with grandma, if grandma gave me a warranty deed, I would have an assurance that the property has no encumbrances and that the title of the property is clear. I would be sure that the farm has no claims or creditors whatsoever. This would mean that there would be no claims from creditors, and no one would lay claim to the ownership of the farm. In conclusion, the main difference between a quitclaim deed and a warranty deed is in the guarantee of title ownership and the clarity of title. If grandma gave me a warranty deed, Dr. Patel would be sure that I have a clear title of the farm, unlike if grandma gave me the farm on quitclaim grounds, which would bestow the property to me but gives no assurances.
Introduction Over the past few decades, there has been a growing interest in the therapeutic properties of fish oil (Iwamoto, Ayers and Mahon 5). A report in 1976 indicated that people who consumed high amounts of fish oil in Greenland had a lowered chance of developing cardiovascular problems (Venturi 4). Clinical trials were conducted with results showing a significant reduction in mortality cases associated with cardiovascular diseases. The sudden reduction in deaths resulting from cardiac diseases led to the increased interest in the potential anti-arrhythmic properties of fish oil (Leon, Shibata and Sivakumaran 1). Recent fish oil studies conducted on patients with cardiac defibrillators have not shown any immediate positive patient outcomes. This might have been due to various methodological challenges and the use of different formulations of fish oil such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). This “might confer a different effect on stabilizing the membrane by challenging its physical, electrical, and chemical properties” (Leon, Shibata and Sivakumaran 1, par. 2). Thus this study sought to evaluate the Different effects of EPA and DHA on deaths that occur due to cardiac diseases. The researchers hypothesized that the use of fish oil causes a significant reduction in cardiac-related deaths. Methodology The study made use of the protocols described by Cochrane Collaboration for systematic reviews. Extensive research data on cardiac problems
Added value that effective Procurement activities can have to a company or organisation An organisation requires human and physical resources for an effective business operation. Supply chain management is a strategic planning, control and monitoring of processes involved in the material delivery in a company for production of goods and services. Its main aim is to ensure that the end customer gets constant supply of final goods as per their expectations. Procurement is part of supply chain management with the role of ensuring that a company gets materials from the most efficient supplier at an appropriate cost. It also ensures that materials and machinery for production are available in the right time at an appropriate quality and quantity. With an effective procurement strategy, a company is bound to benefit. The role of procurement department extends from procuring for raw materials, machineries, office suppliers to developing an effective procurement process (Karp, 2005). This paper analyzes the benefits that effective Procurement activities can have on an organisation. Procurement Since the late 1990’s procurement has become an important concerns of different business both in service and product industries. Companies are deploying experts in supplies and purchasing in their efforts to ensure they benefit from an effective procurement logistics. In modern globalized economies, international trade has
Community Building Community building implies building the capacity of the community through individual involvement within the subsets of the community itself. This happens in the neighborhoods through groups that have common interests. Community building fits well in the aspects of community development that emphasize the empowerment of the community to be an all-around vibrant social entity. Practices that enhance community cohesion are championed in community building. From family joint entities to clubs, women groups, youth groups, to massive recognizable gatherings within the community such as festivals, competitions that are meant to bring cohesion, to construction projects in the interest of community advancement, a community finds common and shared objectives that make it alive. Forms of activism engagements further work to keep the community informed of all advances in communication, technology, and social aspects and even economic leverages that may bring development to the community. These activists champion social disintegration that guards against harmful social behaviors, increasing justice and the general personal well-being while enhancing individual engagement in the spirit of community cohesion. The processes of community development as described by Scott (1987) enjoin individuals to practice the psychological stages of forming a united group of community members in the spirit of connection and trust. Through pseudo-community, chaos, emptiness, and community cohesion which may mean that individuals oscillate within these stages at different times, the community is maintained as opposed to setting rules and going into organizations that may be detrimental to proper cohesion (Scott, 1987, p.42). Community building enjoys a number of contributions. All members engage in various activities that enhance their growth. Economic, social, cultural, and religious fronts are most appreciated. In this paper, the social aspects of community enhancement are discussed. Contributions of theatre to community building with special emphasis on communities in New Mexico in the United States are discussed. The history of theatre, its forms, and the development of theatre in relation to community building in the US and the theatre in New Mexico, and finally, the impacts of theatre on general community building in New Mexico are discussed. Theatre: History, forms, and places Theatre is an ancient Greek word meaning “the seeing place or setting” simply describing were persons, usually referred to as audience come together to watch productions or as Beckerman defines it “a place that separates one group of persons from another with both able to view each other, but one interests the other through a presentation” (1981, p.348-350). It is one of the branches of creative arts that includes performance and narration. Theatre is as old as a man because, wherever there is a society, there is a story to tell. This tendency meant that each passing generation of human decency told a story, albeit with a different degree of creativity. The modern performances are a reflection of the earlier stories like the Osiris that was a stage play
Introduction Tourism is one of the largest industries in the world; several scholars and organizations have come up with different definitions of the term. Australian Bureau of Statistics , 2014) defines tourism as “an economic, social, and cultural occurrence that involves the movement of people to areas outside their usual environment for business or personal purposes for less than a year.” This industry has different sectors that handle the expansive services within it. The eight sectors in this industry include accommodation, travel trade, tourism services, attractions, transportation, food and beverage, events and conferences, and adventure tourism and recreation ( Australian Bureau of Statistics , 2014). Accommodation This is one of the fastest developing sectors in tourism industry. Accommodation business entails hotels, resorts, guesthouses, inns, yachts, villas and bungalows, and campgrounds ( Department of Tourism and Culture , 2013). Categories of job positions in this segment vary depending on the nature of enterprise. The careers are sales manager, housekeeper, maintenance personnel, financial comptroller, reservation clerk, front office manager, and general manager. Travel Trade This division does not only assist other segments in the industry through sales, but also through bookings. Tour operators prepare vacation packages, which the tourists buy from the travel agents ( Department of Tourism and Culture , 2013). Vacation packages include accommodation, airline ticket, tours, meals etcetera. This sector employs reservation agents, sales promoters, tour operators, tour guides, travel counselors, and travel agents. Tourism Services This sector entails corporations, associations, establishments, and government agencies that address fundamental issues in the field of tourism. Tourism services are further divided into tourism educators, tourism trainers, consultants, information centers, BVI tourist board, and ministry of tourism. People working in this sector are custom and immigration officers, photographer, lecturer, travel writer, researchers, director of tourism and minister of tourism. Tourism Attractions Tourism attractions are things that entice visitors and bring about revenue. Attractions comprise of cultural attractions, heritage homes, museums, historic sites, art galleries, halls of fame, aquariums, water parks, zoo, amusement parks, casinos, and botanical gardens. The attractions do not only entertain, but also educate visitors. Careers in this sector are museum manager, visitor services manager, maintenance manager, park wardens, and retail sales clerk. (Department of Tourism and Culture, 2013) Transportation Transportation sector provides comfort, movement, and safety of tourists. The services in this sector are dependent on the types of movement used by visitors, which include air, ground, rail, and water ( Department of Tourism and Culture , 2013). Some types of transportation services are air carriers, ferry companies, marinas, cruise lines, water taxis personal vehicles, motor coach travel, taxicab operations, b
Introduction A defining characteristic of the 21st century has been the invention of many novel technologies which have changed the way in which human beings operate. One aspects of human life which has been profoundly impacted by technological advancement is communication. Communication has been transformed by technology and by social networking tools which have become very popular attracting millions of users all over the world. Arguments have been advanced that social media and technology have a negative impact on relationships since they decrease intimacy. This paper will argue that social media and technology play a crucial role in enhancing social relationships and happiness. The paper will demonstrate that social media helps people to maintain their primary relationships and hence has a positive impact on happiness. Technology Enhancing Relationships Technology and social media have assisted people to communicate more efficiently and frequently than was possible in the past. This is a good attribute since Communication is the cornerstone on which all successful relationships are built. Social media and technology assist to foster and maintain relationships where the people live in different geographical regions. Through these tools, people from different countries are able to interact and socialize with relative ease. Mukherjee reveals that technology such as the phone enables her to stay in touch with her sister who lives far away. This contact is very important since it enables them to enhance their deep relationship (413). Without technology and social media, communication between people who live far away would be rare. It would therefore be harder to foster intimacy and the relationships would therefore suffer. Social media and technology enables people to communicate better by helping them overcome setbacks that are inherent in traditional means of communication. Research indicates that the anonymity which is afforded by online communication gives confidence to people with low self-confidence in real life (Griffiths and Hussain 564). As such, people who are unlikely to create relationships in the real world can do that through social media tools. Wright suggests that the distance associated with online communication creates a feeling of safety that enables people to make connections that they would not on a face-to-face scenario (433). Social media assists individuals to experiment with positive communication styles such as assertiveness. Social media may result in the enhancement of social lives by giving people who would never have met an opportunity to do so. While it is true that friendships in social networks may appear shallow, the tools enable people to socialize and