ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The theoretical perspectives to view families in a global context According to Roopnarine & Gielen (2005), there are various theoretical perspectives to view families in a global context. One such theoretical perspective is symbolic interactionism. According to this perspective, the behavior of an individual is determined by their immediate surroundings. Symbolic interactionism assumes that people communicate and behave according to how they define themselves and the people surrounding them. In this case, Roopnarine & Gielen (2005) point out that family members tend to behave alike. Most children who are born and raised by single parents, for example, are more likely to get children outside wedlock. Another theoretical perspective used in the book is the functional analysis. The functional analysis assumes that society is an enormous whole comprising of parts that are independent and functioning together. A perfect example is whereby families are seen to comprise of extended families. Parents are seen to be independent of their own parents, yet they take their children to their grandparents to take care of them. The editor also uses another perspective referred to as conflict theory. This theory assumes that all the despairs and sadness in the society are brought about by the irregular spread of wealth. The theory indicates that the poor and the powerless are forced to have social order by powerful people in society. A good example is whereby the government formulates policies to control the composition and size of families. These theoretical perspectives cannot work independently of each other. They have to complement each other in order to bring forth the importance of sociology. An example from the boo
Introduction The performance of Stanley Jordan in “stairway to heaven” was reminiscent of Andy Mckee’s song “drifting” in that both musicians utilized a two handed strumming style when playing yet in the case of McKee he uses a classic wooden guitar while Jordan uses electrical based one. Overall the performance was truly fascinating, it possessed a dynamic sound that was soft and soulful yet brought about thoughts of happier times rather than the moments of deep reflection soul music brings about. Its timbre was somewhat soft and mellow with what was apparently a quadruple meter with the chords harmoniously coming together to produce a soft yet stimulating sound. What is notable about the song itself is that it seemed to possess a rather even “Grave tempo” that was maintained from start to finish with only a slight decrease towards the end of the song itself. Interestingly enough the song seemingly alternated between “Piano” and “Mezzopiano” with the individual notes having an interestingly long duration. It was actually this duration of the individual notes that gave the song its characteristic soulful quality. I would have to say that the reason Jordan chose to utilize an electric guitar for this particular type of song was due to the fact that electric guitars have the ability to increase the duration of particular notes through amplifiers attached to them. By using the amplifiers combined with the “Piano” and “Mezzopiano” characteristics of the song this created a distinct note duration that was absolutely heavenly to hear. Interpreting the Song When listening to the song the audience cannot help but imagine a scene of walking down a country road and thinking about the happier times they had throughout their life. In a way the song is appropriate in that it expresses the idea of what a person would think while walking toward heaven in that they would remember their life for what it was. They would remember both good and bad experiences and how it culminated into them going to heaven. As for me the music can be described as being similar to bittersweet chocolate in that the sweet tonal qualities appar
Introduction Reading Chinese classics is always interesting, educative, and difficult at the same time. On the one hand, a reader gets an opportunity to learn one of the oldest cultures in the world with its beliefs and ideas. On the other hand, it is easy to be lost in an offered variety of adventures and allegories. Therefore, it is expected to choose one path and follow it through the course of reading. The Monkey and the Monk is a great Chinese novel that was created in the 16th century and translated and edited by Anthony C. Yu in the 2000s. It is characterized by the presence of a true Chinese spirit of Buddhism and its valuable impact on human lives, traditions, and an understanding of history. The author mentions that the novel depicts changes in people and discusses them through the prism of “itinerant adventure, fantasy, humor, social and political satire, and serious allegory built on intricate religious syncretism” (Yu x). This essay aims to analyze The Monkey as a successful allegory of Buddhist teachings, where pilgrims travel and comprehend the worth of knowledge, cooperation, support, and power. Main Ideas of the Story Ancient China was not easy, and people continue improving their understanding of this culture. The Monkey and the Monk is not an ordinary story with a list of characters with the ability to develop particular relationships, grow in their specific ways, and demonstrate necessary lessons to the reader. There are 100 chapters that represent a journey that began when “Pan Gu broke up the nebula” and “humaneness supreme enfolding every life” (Yu 1). One of the main characters, Sun Wukong, a monkey, wanted to grasp the secrets of immortal life. Being exposed to the wind, “a stone egg about the size of a playing ball” transformed into a monkey “with fully developed features and limbs” (Yu 3). His transformation continues under the Five Phases with their challenges and opportunities, knowledge and doubts. Tripitaka is another character whose traveling symbolizes the development and self-improvement through becoming a monk, desire to bring new standards to the damaged land, and the necessity to deal with personal demons and sins. Zhu Bajie, or Pigsy, Sha Wujing, or Sandy, and the Dragon-Horse are three other pilgrims in the journey that determine the influential qualities of people – greed (Pigsy), obedience (Sandy), and courage (Dragon). In stressful situations, these heroes demonstrate their worst and best abilities to support, run, or betray. However, in total, the combination of loyalty to humans and respect for Buddha’s orders contributed to the successful completion of the mission (Wang and Xu 105). Each character got what he deserved, including Golden-Bodies Arhat (Sandy), nagi (Dragon), Janitor of the Altars (Pigsy), Buddha Victorious (the Monkey), and
Boyd, Donald. “Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist Working Conditions and Outcomes: A Review of the Literature.” AANA journal, 85(4), 2017. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist Working Conditions and Outcomes: A R…: EBSCOhost. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists deliver the anesthetic medication to over 30 million patients nationwide every year. Yet, their work conditions and financial compensations remain far from desired, especially considering the additional stress associated with the job. This study provides a complex literature review that focuses on positive and negative outcomes of CRNA work, workplace burnout and general conditions in the field. I found this article to be very informative due to its balanced look at the CRNA profession. The review covers a wide range of articles, ensuring the perspective in it is well-informed. The study does not overlook the unfavorable aspects of the CRNA profession, such as high levels of stress, lack of efficient communication mechanisms at the workplace and imperfect pay. However, it also elaborates on the advantages of the job, such as access-to-care-related benefits. Gould, Wallena. “Historical Underpinning to Diversifying Nurse Anesthesia Programs: A Model of Success”. Teaching and Learning in Nursing , 16(2), 2021, pp. 175-180. Elsevier BV , Web. The article focuses on the necessity of diversifying the CRNA programs, that has been pressing in the American healthcare for a considerable time. As social and economic studies alike better account for diverse ethnic and racial backgrounds of the American patients, the need for nurses with various origins increases. The article then examines how the healthcare industry and its training facilities can best incorporate this need into its current practices. From my personal point of view, this article is extremely useful to most of the soon-to-be healthcare professionals in the United States. It highlights the way inclusivity and diversity are now, deservedly, seen as a part of the quality medical care. Thus, it helps the future CRNA nurses to better prepare themselves for their workplace realities. McMullan, Susan P., Charlotte Thomas-Hawkins, and Maria R. Shirey. “Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist Perceptions of Factors Impacting Patient Safety.” Nursing administration quarterly 41(1), 2017, Web. This study compiles and analyzes the CRNA’s perspectives on the key factors impacting patient safety throughout treatment. It includes the viewpoints of 336 eligible candidates, selected at random. The ai
Introduction The Other Wes Moore is a 248-book written by Wes Moore in 2010 and published by Spiegel and Grau. While in his final year at university and after being given a Rhodes Scholar award, Moore learns of another man with whom he shares a name from the newspapers (Moore, para. 1). The man is on his way to prison accused of murdering a police officer. Moore learns that he shares a great deal with the suspect and not just a name: they are from the same neighborhood, were born almost in the same year, lost their fathers during their childhood and were raised by their mothers, however, their later lives differed immensely. The Other Wes Moore looks at why the lives of the two men who shared a common background ended so differently. How did Wes Moore end up in the army, speak at the 2008 National Convention, and get employed by Condoleeza Rice while the other Wes Moore was serving time in prison. How did one man achieve so much in life while the other is simply known as the ‘Other’ Wes Moore? Critical Review Why the Immense Difference At first glance, The Other Wes Moore looks interesting as the author discovers the odd coincidences between him and the man who is charged with shooting and killing a police officer. These coincidences make Wes Moore wonder how he had evaded the destiny of the other Wes Moore, even though their background was very identical. In a way, the author narrates an “It could have been me” situation. This interesting introduction would have perhaps prepared the reader for an interesting read, however, Moore opts to examine his life in parallel with that of the other Wes Moore in an attempt to establish where, and most significantly, why, there lives ended up so differently. This comparison makes the book an important read as it brings up a very critical question: What makes many young men, especially black, poor young men from single parent families, take up drug trade as a source of livelihood while knowing the risk that comes with it. Going through the pages, it is evident that Moore does not have an answer to that question, he writes, “What made the difference?…The truth is that I don’t know” (Moore, pp. 76). He can only point out to the similarity to the background of the two men, and leaves the final decision to the reader. The Source of all the Differences Although he does not categorically state it, it is evident from Moore’s account of the two lives that the main point of divergence between him and the second Moore is in the way they were brought up by their mothers, and their mother’s own lives. Moore’s mother was brought up by college-educated parents , and she worked hard to create her own success and that of her family. She moved several times in th
Introduction In a world that is swiftly changing its pace to be at par with the vast technologies available, it seems that all people are not receiving only the good side of these necessary changes. As our lives have become more convenient and more sophisticated by means of these technologies and innovations, unwanted repercussions have sprouted within the realms of our social relationships and culture that are transforming them to become as disposable as the toilet paper in our bathrooms. As Alvin Toffler, in his landmark book Future Shock (1970) , had described, America is becoming a “throwaway society”, where rapidity and transience have become the “norm”. Are we really doomed to head to a society where we replace friends and partners as easily as we replace what brand of detergent we are using? Do people now become more transient as they move more rapidly to live in different locations to find new friends and mates? Do our present scenarios influence us to have more relationships of shorter duration and less depth and make us feel more confused and disconnected? Body Alvin Toffler’s Future Shock is indeed an eye-opening book that described an epic vision of how the “roaring current of change”–job mobility, the decline of the small town, the throwaway consumer society–had left Americans in a state of “shattered stress and disorientation”. Although some parts may become too exaggerated as people might as well wear paper as clothing in the future, some salient points have been raised and are slowly becoming real right before our eyes. With globalization and liberalization of goods and services worldwide, Alvin Toffler’s prediction is becoming real as new economy of impermanence is flourishing – where we see more throwaway items are consumed designed to meet human needs. This throwaway attitude will not only reflect on the things we could buy, but it will also affect how we deal within the social fabric. This might explain the rising divorce rates and shallow relationships we now uphold with our family and friends. In fact, the latest statistics revealed that United States ranked 7th with 45.8 percent of new marriages ending in divorce in 2002 ( Divorce Magazine , 2008). Although in 2004, divorce cases seemed to have declined – but this decline is also related to the decrease in the number of marriages that have been consummated. In a USA Today report, Jayson (2005) showed that the “U.S. divorce rate is 17.7 per 1,000 married women, down from 22.6 in 1980”. However, “the marriage rate is also on a steady decline: a 50% drop since 1970 from 76.5 per 1,000 unmarried women to 39.9”. Sam Brownback of the New York Times even observed that: Over the past five decades in the United States, the marriage rate has gone down and the divorce rate has gone up. In 1960, the out-of-wedlock birth rate was 5 percent. Now it is 37 p
Nurses have realized the need to focus on the outcomes the patients and their families want to achieve as this is the most successful method in approaching their practice. Nurses should understand the patient’s preferred results whenever they attempt to prioritize, delegate or assign care. The paper discusses the guidelines for prioritization, delegation and assignment decisions in health care that will make it possible to achieve the outcomes the patients and their families want to achieve. Prioritization is the process of deciding on the problems or needs to be considered first and the ones to be considered later because they are not urgent. In order to plan the priorities, the patient’s care purpose, current clinical picture and the outcome should be known. Therefore picture, purpose, part and plan should be considered as guidelines when implementing the process. Some criteria are used when evaluating and weighing each competing process or task. The first criterion to be used is whether it is life threatening or potentially life threatening if the task is not done. Would it endanger another patient? Secondly, is the process or task necessary for the safety of the staff or patient? Lastly, is the task is essential to medical or nursing plan of care. Priority setting has three levels. The first level is airway, breathing, cardiac status and circulation, and vital signs. The second level concerns mental status changes, acute pain, untreated medical issues, laboratory results, and risks. Lastly is the health problems. Delegation refers to the transferring to an individual who is competent the authority to carry out the selected nursing task in a selected situation. In 2006, ANA and NCSBN altered the definition of assignment to mean the distribution of work that each member of staff is responsible for during a given work period. Delegation describes the process of working through others and assignment describes what a person is directed to perform A nurse must supervise whenever he or she delegates work. Supervision is the provision of guidance or direction, guiding, and influencing the outcome of an individual performance of a task. However, statutes and rules have been generated by some states that list specific tasks that can or cannot be delegated. Nursing judgement is used in the delegation of tasks that fall within scope of practice of nurses in all states. RNs make their decisions based on the individual patient situation. The RN is responsible for the nursing process and the total nursing care of the patient regardless of who performs the care activities. The process of assigning or creating a work plan is done on the basis of who is present, available, and accounted for and wh
Digital Marketing Strategy Situation Analysis O2 is the trademark used by Telefonica U.K. Limited and one of the largest telecom companies in Europe. It is part of the global telecommunications group Telefónica S.A. with headquarters in Spain and service areas comprising Europe and the Americas (O2 , n.d.) O2 is the British department of this larger conglomerate, serving as one of the leading mobile phone service operators in the region. Reiff (2021) places the Telefónica S.A group in the seventh position among Europe’s leading telecom companies. According to the data, the overall net income of the group was on the level of $505.3 million (Reiff, 2021). Over the recent year, the group has seen a significant decline in its financial performance, which correlates with the Covid-19 pandemic and its effect in terms of customer purchasing power decrease (Figure 1). As for the U.K. department of the organization, it currently runs over 450 stores, providing approximately 6.700 jobs (O2, 2021). Overall, while the company ranks among the leaders of its industry, the situation requires additional improvements in order for Telefónica to retain its position and enable further development. Figure 1. Telefónica S.A. Share Performance (Telefónica, S.A, 2021). Considerable efforts are required to withstand the growing competition in this innovative and highly changeable market of telecommunications in Europe. According to the information presented by Reiff (2021), the range of rivals for O2 is quite broad, comprising the renowned leaders of the industry, such as Virgin Mobile, Vodafone, and E.E. The European Commission (2020) promotes the importance of a single telecom market across the continent, meaning that the global competition is only going to increase. This tendency is reinforced by the E.U. General Court’s ruling to overturn the prior decision blocking the merger between O2 and Three Mobile ( Wave of consolidation, 2020). In such an environment, additional emphasis is required on customer attraction and retention through effective communication (Asimakopoulos & Whalley, 2017). O2 maintains an active social media presence, but it is limited to common platforms, possessing limited functionality for proper customer management. Therefore, new strategies of customer management will allow the company to remain relevant. Objectives and Strategies First of all, Telefónica U.K. needs to find new effective ways of expanding its customer base. The aforementioned movement toward consolidation of the European market entails both risks and opportunities in this regard. While the competition is expected to grow, the range of potential clients will increase, as well. Accordingly, O2 should find an effective way of becoming a valuable element of the global Telefónica S.A framework, appealing to the international audience. In order to attain this objective
Literature Review Several sources were used in this research of workplace happiness that helps define the concept in question and develop an understanding of elements that contribute to it. Maktoum’s (2017) book provides an understanding of the different aspects of happiness, including personal and societal, which provides implications for investigating an individual’s satisfaction in the context of interactions with others. Additionally, this work explains the model of happiness that can be achieved through proper life habits such as positivity, providing implications for organizations to create environments that foster this attitude. The culture that guides interactions of employees within companies can be altered to enhance happiness by applying appropriate models of happiness. The article by Bader, Hashim, and Zaharim (2013) examines the topic of friendship in the workplace as an element that helps foster happiness within organizations. The findings contribute to this research by providing implications for understanding interpersonal communications within a work environment. Liu and Robertson (2011) article examine theoretical concepts and approaches to spirituality in firms, which can be used for developing a scale that can be used to measure the attitudes of individuals towards perceived higher power, nature, and other people, while Pawar (2008) discusses the concept as a whole. The findings of this literature imply that ethics, believes, and values are critical for commercial organizations in regard to happiness. The examined literature provides an understanding of the complex nature that facilitates workplace happiness. A study conducted by Petchsawang and Duchon (2009) argues that spirituality contributes to the feeling of happiness at the workplace. This includes mindfulness and compassion, which allows one to understand the specifics of developing an appropriate environment by creating a connection between an organization and its employees that will provide the latter with the feeling of confidence and safety. Dimitrov’s (2012) contributed to this paper by expanding an understanding of meaningfulness at work. Apart from the workflow and quality of product or service, participants of the author’s study cited social environment and specifics of their organization as elements that contribute to their happiness. Samnani and Sign (2014) argue that standard practices applied by companies to enhance employee performance, for instance, compensation based on productivity, may have an adverse impact on the staff members, while Hosie and Sevatos (2009), as well as Joo and Lee (2017), argue that employers can affect the productivity of work within their organizations. However, the focus should be not only on financial compensation but also on the well-being of individuals. Research conducted in a real-life work environment helps to understand the connection between organizational attitudes and happiness, which contributes to this paper’s conclusions. Thompson and Goodale