Abstract The present proposal sets out to present an exploration of the sustainability concept within the context of the Russian oil and energy sectors. Due to the high popularity of the term in western research and the presence of conflicting data, it is deemed pertinent to refine the understanding and research influence of sustainability within the above-specified setting. The research question is as follows: how the world’s focus on sustainability influences the Russian Energy and Oil Industry? The data will be gathered through an internet database search and analyzed through a sustainability framework developed by Lucato, Santos, and Pacchini (2017). Introduction The concept of sustainability gained global significance due to a variety of concerns including conservation of natural resources, energy crisis, pollution, and other environmental and economic issues. Scholars around the world allocate their efforts to researching the problem of sustainability in many spheres including the energy and oil industry due to its close interconnectedness with sustainability (Anis & Siddiqui 2015). Many academics note the increased concern among Western energy companies over social and environmental issues of the extraction of energy from natural resources and the sustainability of their practices (Orazalin & Mahmood 2018). However, among Russian energy businesses there appears to be ambiguity in understanding or adherence to the principles of sustainability principles (Tynkkynen 2016; Wheeland 2015). Besides, it appears that the practices of Russian energy business were allocated modest scientific effort, which the present research will try to address. From these considerations, emerges the following research question: how the world’s focus on sustainability influences the Russian Energy and Oil Industry? In this dissertation proposal a critical literature review, brief methodology, and research design overview will be presented. Literature Review Among scholars, there is almost universal concern about the significance of environmental issues posed by modern strategies exercised by energy production companies. The key concept of sustainability, as defined within the energy production context, is a nature-friendly production and delivery of energy that pursues its availability to future generations (Owusu & Asumadu-Sarkodie 2016). In other research, the problem of sustainability regarding power generation is viewed from the position of ethics, social awareness, and zero-waste and emission strategies (Van der Schoor & Scholtens 2015). Thus, sustainability as a practical and visionary concept relates mostly to mindful exploitation of natural resources in the process of transforming them into energy. Many researchers agree that the issue of pollution and aggressive extraction is a large international concern and should be addressed with coordinated efforts of all countries. Given the media image of Russia as being reluctant to these issues in practice, the research question appears to be relevant from the standpoint of both theory and application (Yamawaki 2016; Wheeland 2015). Scientific data also seems to be not exempt from problems. Despite Russian oil extraction and energy, production strategies are claimed to be unsustainable, actu