ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The importance of performance levers can be validated by the fact that management innovation dimensions are all in line with the levers of control and create room for even more updated practices. These may range from the development of managerial practices to the implementation of complete managerial structures (Higgins et al., 2018). The presence of performance levers would become a competitive advantage for the team due to the decreasing number of constraints affecting the team. Also, performance levers unlock additional variables associated with organizational performance assessment, creating a much friendlier environment for teamwork and profitable employee engagement. While managers could use additional constraints under the flag of performance levers, the ultimate idea for the team would be to benchmark individual and joint successes and introduce required changes into the areas of supply chain management, value chain analysis, and strategic cost management. Speaking of financial decisions, performance levers could be the best way to distinguish between the best markets to penetrate and the most appropriate target audiences to serve. If an organization chooses to approach the respective business environment with the help of performance levers, it will gain access to a much more sustainable and resilient environment where the company would attract investments instead of turning them down. As it is mentioned in Higgins et al.’s (2018) book, performance levers affect the long-term effects of financial decisions because the team starts questioning the outcomes of their activities within distinct markets. Less generalization leads to the discovery of the most profitable sectors and the most appropriate organizational vision. The purpose of performance levers in terms of financial decisions is to align the company’s goals against the existing client segments and markets and outrun the competition. Reference Higgins, R., Koski, J., & Mitton, T. (2018). Analysis for financial management (12th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Introduction The Israeli-Palestinian conflict refers to the continuing dispute involving Israelis and Palestinians. The struggle is extensive, and the reference is also used in mentioning of the prior stages of the same dispute, involving Jewish and Zionist yishuv and the Arab populace in Palestine under Ottoman or British law. It constitutes a division of the larger struggle involving Arabs and Israelis. The pending major concerns are; joint respect, boundaries, security, water privileges, command of Jerusalem, Israeli settlements, Palestinian free will of association and legal issues involving expatriates (A synopsis of the Israel/Palestine Conflict). The aggression arising from the struggle has encouraged global measures, and also other safety civil liberties concerns, both within and involving the two sides, and globally. Several efforts have been made to bring about a two-nation resolution, entailing the coming up with a self-regulating Palestinian state at the side of a self-regulating Jewish nation or adjacent to the State of Israel following Israel’s founding in 1948. Only just in 2007, a greater part of both Israelis and Palestinians, following some polls, have a preference for the two-state way out over any other solution as a way of putting an end to the struggle. What is more, a significant portion of the Jewish populace perceives the Palestinians’ insistence for an autonomous state as good, and thinks Israel can be of the same opinion to the forming of such a state. A greater part of Palestinians and Israelis think of the West Bank and Gaza Strip as a good enough position of the supposed Palestinian state in a two-state resolution. Nevertheless, there exist considerable areas of discrepancy over the form of any concluding accord and also relating to the level of reliability each side sees in the other in sustaining fundamental binders. Inside the Israeli and Palestinian society, the struggle spawns a broad range of analyses and judgments. This draws attention to the unfathomable divisions which are present not only between Israelis and Palestinians, but also inside each society. An earmark of the struggle has been the extent of aggression observed for practically its whole period. Warfare has been carried out by regular armed forces, terror groups and individuals. Injured pa
Summary of the Book In the introduction of the book, the authors depict the Koran as a literacy book, which was designed to yield a power to change men and ways of life. The book, according to the authors, has elicited a new phase of humanity in terms of body and behavior. As is evident from the historical background of the Middle East and Europe r, the development of the Islamic world is shown to have been guided by the writings in the Koran after the death of Mohammed. The book is shown to have been a living voice that commanded what the authors call “authoritative proclamation,” which was characterized by the authority over the untutored Arabs. After the death of Muhammad, the Koran was published. The introduction provides a premonition that details the origin of the Islamic holy book, the Koran. It offers a clear path to the development of the Islamic world, particularly in the Middle East and Europe. It also provides a perspective of the Muslims in the context of the Koran as the most distinguished book on the earth. As with the Christians and their Holy Bible, the Muslims consider the writings in the book as purely true and perfect. The chronological structure of the Koran is also explained with reference to Rodwell’s edition. It is concluded with a worldview on the implications of the writings to the unspiritual beings, especially the elites and powerful in leadership. At the beginning of the book, history is offered regarding how Suras and chapters in the Koran were gathered and compiled by Zaid Ibn Thâbit. Fu
Fred Korematsu  1. Fred Korematsu, a son of Japanese immigrants born in the United States, was convicted of ignoring the government order to leave his home during World War II and submit to forced relocation (Bannai 13). Thus, he had to face racism due to his ethnic background. Even being a natively born American citizen, Korematsu was supposed to accept repatriation.  2. In order to deal with this issue, Korematsu (together with two other American Japanese) had to appeal his conviction to the Court of Appeals of the United States and received an agreement to be heard (Malek 25).  3. Unfortunately, Korematsu was not successful in using this method as the court upheld his conviction. However, the decision was rather controversial since the government submitted wrong information to the court. Nevertheless, it was never explicitly overturned even despite the fact that an official notice was in place. At the same time, this case had a profound effect on discrimination issues. In 1980, it was prohibited to detain citizens without a permit issued by the Congress (Malek 54). Currently, forced allocation of minority groups is seen as one of the most pressing discrimination problems.  4. Although media did not play any considerable role in the case, they were far from being neutral. Some local newspapers called Korematsu a Japanese spy (Bannai 32). Only many years after, there appeared people who supported Korematsu, considering him to be a national hero. Harvey Milk  1. Harvey Milk, who was an American politician, had to address issues of sexism being the first elected homosexual and one of the first officials struggling for the rights of the LGBT community. However, he had never been politically active or open about his sexuality until at the age of 40 he had to move to San Francisco amid other LGBT representatives who had to migrate (Milk 28).  2. In order to deal with sexual discrimination and promote his interests, Harvey Milk ran for political office. Yet, his three attempts were not successful. He then launched several theatrical campaigns that were intended to promote his ideas (Milk 62). They allowed him to gain popularity and be heard.  3. The methods described above were very effective. They made it possible for Milk to win a seat of the supervisor of the city. His ideas were supported by the population. Nevertheless, he served only eleven months and was assassinated in 1978. His legacy was not forgotten after this murder. Now, Milk is one of the most respected icons of the LGBT community that considers him to be the boldest politicians ever (Donahue 38).  4. Although there were LGBT newspapers that supported Milk, in general, this help was rather weak in comparison to t
Introduction Teamwork is a very important and relevant contributor to the success of any business around the world and this is why top business executives are paid a lot of money to utilize the skills of teams and make important business decisions that are critical to business performance (Brayden, Teppo & Whetten 2010, 1-20). The success of an organization does not only depend on how good a team leader is but also how good the various teams that consist of employees are able to come together and integrate their skills and talent for the benefit of their organization. The success or failure of a business usually depends on how good employees who are part of a team are able to come together develop ideas play their part and additionally how good managers or organizational leaders are able to make quick and relevant decisions resulting from the input of the team to increase positive outcome (Taylor, 2010). Today’s business environment is very volatile and therefore it is imperative that both leadership and employees work together hand in hand in order to ensure that organization can successfully peruse their mission and vision while at the same time compete with other competing companies. Thus, by acknowledging and building consensus that business environment is highly dynamic and volatile, it demands organizational leaders to come up with mechanisms that allow the company to quickly embrace change and this is attained by dividing the staff into teams and assigning them duties that will ensure that decision making capability of leaders is maximized (Shah 2008). New trends emerge in the business world and may either present themselves as either problems or opportunities depending on how personnel within the organization respond. From that rationale, the creation of value and satisfaction, which consumers demand end up pushing companies to develop strategies that govern their marketing mix and overall business strategy and go a step further to create general corporate strategies that will preside over their whole business processes to make sure they succeed in today’s fickle business ambiance (Campbell, Stonehouse & Huston 2002, 177-184). Trends should not be seen as not threats but rather frontiers of new business possibilities and it is the duty of organizational leaders and their staff to work together as a team to make decision making for managers more certain and free of risk. It is with the same intent that the manager intended to use the help of his team to launch a new division that manufactures liquid soap brands for the market by using the potential of the entire team and the rational decision making process to make critical marketing business decision. The liquid soap division will consist of brands that will cater to the needs of consumers who require liquid soap for both the kitchen and bathroom. Decision making approaches and impact on
The article “Multi-method systematic observation: theory and practice” is written by Marroun and Young and published in the “Collaborative Research Design” issue in 2018. It discusses the role of observation in the research process and problem statement. The approach is essential to collect information and sort what is necessary to develop a thesis statement to work with through the study. Observation is the process of gathering data from the examined subjects and expanding the knowledge about them (Marroun & Young, 2018). It can be applied in many sciences, from chemistry to sociology, because of its practical value. Marroun and Young (2018) claim that “systematic methods of observation allow nuanced and accurate information about behavioral processes to be collected” (p. 196). The article provides a theoretical background of the technique’s application and includes an example of its systematic appliance in collaborative research. The authors reveal that the multidisciplinary observation can be applied systematically by combining existing pieces of data and examining the outcomes. The strategy is crucial for the thesis or problem statement of any research because it narrows the topic and helps identify an issue that must be addressed (Marroun & Young, 2018). Multi-method systematic observation is applied as an example where the information collected via different tools and overseen to discover and criticize patterns or problems for examination (Marroun & Young, 2018). It is crucial for any research to contain a reliable and verified database to narrow and clarify the thesis and then choose approaches necessary for further studying. The article discusses the forms of observation based on the type of information required to retrieve, explains the observer’s role, and provides techniques to capture the data. Although the example is based on critical research, the description of observational tools can be utilized in other scientific work types. Reference Marroun, S., & Young, L. (2018). Multi-method systematic observation: theory and practice. In Collaborative Research Design (pp. 195-221). Springer, Singapore. Web.
Abstract The purpose of this study is to compare the financial performance of two cement companies of Saudi Arabia to assess the contribution to the national economy as a potential non-oil sector. However, this paper will concentrate on the Saudi Cement Company (SCC) and Yamamah Saudi Cement Company (YACCO) to evaluate the financial performance before, during and post-global economic downturn. SCC is a Saudi Joint Stock Company that started its journey in 1955 with the key objective to produce cement (fortification product) and it mainly operates two cement plants in the Eastern Province of the KSA. On the other hand, YACCO was established in 1961 with a wide range of product lines to meet the demand in the central zone. However, the first chapter of this paper concentrates on the background of the topic, objectives of the study, and scopes of the research to address the financial aspects of these two companies. In addition, this paper will focus on the companies’ balance sheet, cash flow and income statement, valuation, risks, ratio analysis like current ratio, quick ratio, return on equity, return on assets, return on capital employed, net profit margin and so on. Introduction Background of the topic The aim of the first chapter is to concentrate on the overview of the topic mainly the influence of the global economic downturn on the cement industry in Saudi Arabia as an important segment of the non-oil sector. In accordance with the annual report 2010 of SAMA (8), the financial growth rate of the world economy turned down from 5.2% in 2007 to 3.2% in 2008 because of the global economic downturn but a financial system of KSA recorded extraordinary growth in 2008 as a consequence of the constructive advancement oil market (oil price $147.0/barrel) though oil price declined subsequently. On the other hand, few non-oil industries experienced economic growth in 2008 but the global economic downturn adversely influenced the capital market, employment and interest rate, foreign direct investment (FDI), baking sector, stock market, mortgage market, construction industry and private investment sectors. In addition, according to the forty-fifth annual report of SAMA, the Saudi banking sector have also suffered from serious liquidity crisis like other foreign banks, as a result, banks were reluctant to provi
To begin with, everyone knows a brilliant saying that everything new is forgotten old truths. The Greek civilization impresses by its originality and incontestability in the manners of people and in a number of philosophers who made a great impact on the further flow of scientific thought. Architects, painters, and people of art left many features of their execution while creating works. The scheme of political implementation is also a result of Greek culture and people due to whom it was done. Western civilization should be thankful to ancient Greeks for their innovative approaches and views which made a splash of political, cultural, and humane development afterward. This paper is aimed to evaluate the most significant standpoints in today’s Western World due to the Greeks. The first point concerns the conception of politics and its development since ancient times. Greeks saw the significance in making masses of people controlled and felt a responsibility to keep a strict eye on the social issues so that to find solutions. Bruce Thornton in his book evaluates this statement in the following way: “The Greeks recognized that their conception of human flourishing—the achievement of virtue and the good life, which in turn create happiness—was dependent on living “politically.” (Thornton, p. 123) In fact, many contemporary terms originate from the Greek language, i.e. democracy, aristocrat, tyranny, etc. One of the most eminent philosophers of mankind, Aristotle, compared the extent of politics with a state of well-being for people and saw direct dependence of the word (polis – city) with “community of families and aggregations of families in well-being, for the sake of a perfect and self-sufficing life.” (Cited in Thornton, p.124). The creation of Greek rationalism invoked many points on the emotional and perceptional peculiarities of a man’s soul in connection with rational thinking. Euripides in the fifth century began designating the limitations of reason and the strong impact of passion trying to enslave a man with the inner calling for vicious behaviors (Thornton, p. 159). The Greeks tried to look at the things maintained in the surrounding world in their diversity and wholeness as well. They contributed to the West by means of designation of all strong and weak points of a man in prospects of world’s context and conceptualization or, as once Thucydides called “the human thing” (Thornton, p. 190). Greeks also widely discussed the idea of freedoms in society and the most significant one which was loaned in the West concerned the gender conflict with regards to “insights of feminism or gender studies” observed in many artistic works of ancient Greeks (Haynes, p. 45). The contribution to the cultural heritage of the world was also huge due to ancient Greeks, whose civilization
Classic literature is still widely recognized today in academic spheres especially in literature. Most of the artists in Europe during the renaissance period expressed their feelings and attitudes toward what was happening in their society by writing articles, narratives, poems, and plays. William Shakespeare is one of those scholars whose works received a wider audience and he also gained a lot of respect and popularity. He was popularly known as the “Bard of Avon” and he wrote poems, plays, sonnets and narratives. From 1589 to 1613 he produced a lot of literature works and most of his plays were touching on historical events of the time and some were largely based on comedy. He did most of his performances in large theaters in London which attracted kings and other prominent people in the society. His works were translated into many languages and his plays have been acted in very many occasions. A sonnet can be defined as “a fourteen-line lyric poem, traditionally written in iambic pentameter–that is, in lines ten syllables long, with accents falling on every second syllable, as in: ‘Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?’”. A sonnet is mainly concerned with identification of an issue, analysis of the issue and it finally gives a solution to the dilemma. During the ancient time in England, Sonnets were commonly used as a means of expressing love and romance. Shakespeare’s sonnet 130 is about love and it is meant for a public audience. In the first line a simile has been used. “My mistress eyes are nothing like the son,” in this case he tries to indicate that the eyes of her loved one are not good compared to the bright rays from the son. In many poems talking about love, the poets always give nice descriptions of the people they like but this is not the case in this poem. Shakespeare instead has given a vivid description of her lover’s physical appearance which does not seem to be good from the description. In most of the lines he has continuously given negative descriptions of the woman, but close to the end he changed his manner of description. For example, towards the end of the poem, he commented that he still loved her so much despite her bad physical appearance. He used a regular rhyme scheme (ababcdcdefefgg) in the sonnet. The structure of the sonnet is accurate but the message is quite unusual. Apart from these, he also used euphony in most parts of the poem in order to develop humor and sarcastic tone. The use of long vowels was done with the purpose of making the sonnet easy to read. It is very interesting to read a poem like this one because the content gives a true reflection of what is being described unlike most poems whose