ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The Lebanese-Canadian Bank (L.C.B.) was located in Beirut, Lebanon, with over thirty-five branches all over the country. Further, it has representative offices in Canada, Quebec, and Montreal. L.B.C. was established in 1960 as a subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada, but it became a private bank in 1988. It provided various services and maintained an extensive network with other banks globally, including the United States of America. As of 2009, the bank’s assets were worth more than five billion dollars (Nassar, 2020). In 2011 L.C.B. was accused of laundering money for drug traffickers and funding terrorist groups by the American treasury and D.E.A. (Drug Enforcement Agency). The basis of these allegations was, however, concealed from the public. Moreover, it was believed that this bank had connections to the Middle East, South America, West Africa, and Latin America. The bank was later banned from using the dollar by the American treasury; this resulted in the collapse and eventual sale of the bank. L.C.B. had to pay a settlement fine of one hundred and two million dollars for these actions. This bank, together with its subsidiaries, was identified as the primary money laundering institution for terrorist organizations and drug traffickers. Under the Patriot Act (section 311) (Nassar, 2020), the bank was sued since evidence proved that the bank managers were complicit with the terror activities of these organizations. The D.E.A. believed that these organizations moved drugs to America and the Middle East through West Africa and laundered millions of dollars every month through their L.C.B.-held accounts. They also used the trade-based money laundering system to move consumer goods worldwide. The D.E.A. confirmed at least $200 million in laundered every month through the bank (Zougheib, 2020). The U.S. treasury took legal actions to curtail money laundering. Monetary crimes in the banking sector have been the leading cause of collapsing of many banks. Over the years, major banks have been accused of laundering millions for cartels and mobsters. It is the process of making dirty money appear legal. The money is moved through many accounts to create confusion. The money is moved in small amounts to avoid any suspicions, after which it is fully integrated into the banking system and appears legal. Some of these banks have been found guilty and forced to pay millions as settlements for their crimes. The money is then used to fund criminal activities and terrorist activities worldwide. An example of such a bank includes the Lebanese-Canadian Bank (Zougheib, 2020). This bank was found guilty of laundering money for drug traffickers and funding many terrorist organizations. International connections The L.C.B. bank had connections to ot
The Pre-Socratic dilemma The Theory of the Forms; a solution to the pre-Socratics dilemma The pre-Socratics; Heraclitus, Parmenides among others, lived and performed their profession before Socrates. The pre-Socratics tried to solve the puzzle of the connection that bonded the “one” together with the “many”. These philosophers saw an assortment of stuff around them which in whole composed the world. The pre-Socratics believed that there lies a linking that holds all things in place. This has to be something unique from the “many”. Therefore, the puzzle of the “one” and the “many” can be articulated as the connection between unity and diversity. The subject of finding the force that holds objects in the physical world has high value because of the outcomes it implicates. The main question lies in finding out what holds all the stuff in the world together. The pre-Socratics tried to find out the source of unity in the world (LordZB). Heraclitus thought, “War is king”1. He supposes that reality is a process of constant creation and destruction. He uses the river as a metaphor for his rationale. Hearctilus would say that all of what we go through is like the river, endlessly changing in a manner of erosion and creation. On the other hand, Parmenides believed that being must occur virtually in the mind. Since “nothing” cannot be contemplated without considering it as something, there cannot exist “nothing”, there can only exist “being” (LordZB). The Theory of the Forms as a solution to the dilemma The solution to the dilemma facing the pre-Socratics can be found in Plato’s theory of forms. Plato attempts to unravel this dilemma with his theory of an impartial reality in a realm unique from that experienced by in the physical world. Plato suggested that reality comprises two realms. First, the physical world that can be noticed with the five senses. Second, Plato says that there is a world composed of timeless, perfect “forms” or “ideas”. According to Plato, forms are flawless templates that subsist in a different dimension. The forms are more existent than the physical objects seen in the physical world (Macintosh). The forms, though eternal and changeless, collaborate with erratic matter, to make up the terrestrial world. These objects may contribute in many forms and change constantly. The constantly changing temporal world can only be used as the basis of opinion. According to Plato, the opinions developed from the five senses, are like shadows of actual objects. Real knowledge, however, is the insight of the archetypal forms. These forms are actual, timeless, and unchangeable. Summary Plato’s argument for splitting the “forms” from the actual things people experience, with the five senses, links to the nature of knowledge. Plato’s case relies on distinguishing between “knowledge” and “opinion”. According to Plato, knowledge and opinion must have different powers and objects. Therefore, the things about which we have opinions cannot be the similar to those which we are knowledgeable of. The basis of Plato’s arguments was that forms m
The main features of bubble creation in the parallel surface facing downward The idea of forming bubbles on inclined surfaces is a crucial one in the engineering processes such as the metallurgical process, nuclear reactor cooling, and the process of submerging gas injection in liquid metal. Besides this, it is also widely used in pharmaceutical procedures. A major application is in Aluminium production in the Hall-Heroult cell where the bubbles are formed on vertical surfaces [1,2]. The bubble’s thickness is an important factor in this process since it reduces the distance between negatively charged and positively charged electrodes and increases the resistance in the current flow. Bubble formation in parallel and inclined surfaces differ, but in both cases, the conduct of the bubble is to a great extent affected by the force of gravity among other factors such as low rate of motion, buoyancy, surface pull, and viscosity. These factors change in relation to the stage of bubble development. The physical appearance of the bubble is also important in that it affects the speed of flow in the liquid. From this, therefore, it is clear that sufficient knowledge in this subject is required if the Hall-Heroult cell production process is to be carried out successfully in an industrial setup. A study has been carried out on bubble formation using a vertical surface with hydrokinetics of the same process in the horizontal platform in consideration [3]. It needs a thorough understanding of the physical shape of the bubbles and their relation to the speed of apparatus inside the sloping walls. This mechanism of using sliding planes on rising bubbles was reported by Maxworthy [4]. This ensures that the physical appearance and speed of bubbles inside water on both sloping and parallel planes with temperatures ranging between 5 and 90 degrees were experimented on. The effect of inclination and size of the tunnel on the speed at the terminal of large bubbles going beneath the surface has been proven experimentally by Chen et al. [5] and Che et al. [6]. In this experiment, the bubbles are developed by using a syringe to push predetermined amounts of air into a small container that is facing downwards and the outcome of the inclination on preset volume bubbles is determined. These results can be verified by using different diameters of between 2 and 5 millimeters and varying rates of flow in the injection of between 18ml/s and 166ml/s. a number of studies [3,7,8] have
A house is more than simply a place to live; in fact, that is only one description of a house. A home is a place where one feels more comfortable and looks forward to living through every day. A house is constructed not with stones or timbers but with the link of family. A person may own every materialistic property on the earth, but it would be not very sensible if he did not have someone with whom to exchange it. In other terms, expressing pleasure is also linguistically tied to home. Additionally, home is more than a physical location; it is a state of mind. They share a sense of joy and pleasure with their family members. A home is when one understands they are around individuals who can run them nuts in a second and make them feel good in the very same second. Home signifies that no matter what one is experiencing or how difficult life becomes, there will always be someone watching out for them. When a person is secure enough to provide an honest account of themselves, they know they will be accepted definitively. For myself, I can single out a few places where I feel at home. This work was written with the aim of explaining one’s own concept of home and a place where a person feels at home. For me, home is made up of memories of memorable moments that contributed to shaping and teaching me. As a result, my house is also people, and when home takes on a human figure, it is referred to as a family. I feel that family is a relative concept that is determined by connections rather than blood (Hess). No matter where I go in the future, this atmosphere and these individuals who have shaped me as a human and shown me how to behave will always be a strong foundation for me. I know I can always return home. Indeed, the spirit is where the household is. Since college is where people spend most of their day, I feel at ease. My classmates, whom I have known for many years, are also at the same school. For instance, I have a friend in the same class as me who is like a sibling to me. We communicate a lot, and he knows all of my secrets. I have known him for years and consider him to be my best friend. All of my professors are familiar to me, and they are all delightful to me. They also instruct me and assist me with any problems I may have. In this way, I can summarize and express what home for me is. In this essay, like a home, I show my family and the college where I study. For me, the feeling of home is the place where I can return at any time, and if not all, then one person can definitely help me. Home is a sense of calm and security, and for myself, I single out such a factor as communication. The house is the place where you studied something for a long time and communicated with people who, as a result, became close to me. Feeling at home is an essential feeling for every person because it g
Real Gdp refers to the actual total amount of goods and services produced in a country, it is computed using a base year or a constant price over a period of time. Nominal Gdp refers to the total amount of goods and services produced in a country computed at current market prices over a period of time (Kroon, 2007). Ordinarily, nominal Gdp is higher than real Gdp since it considers the effects of inflation, while Gdp does not account for changes in the price. The table below shows real and nominal Gdp for the four quarters in 2005 (Bureau of Economic Analysis, 2012). In the first quarter of the year 2005, the real Gdp is higher than the nominal Gdp. This implies that the actual goods and services produced in the country either increased or remained stagnant but the price levels went down. This indicates that at that particular time, the economy was on a contracting trend. In the second quarter, the real Gdp was still higher but the economy began to recover since the margin between the real and the nominal Gdp was not as big as in quarter 1. This shows that there was an increase in the price level and the economy was starting to regain. In the third and fourth quarter, nominal Gdp was higher than real Gdp. The figures above show that the economy was expanding since both real and nominal Gdp were increasing. However, the general increase in price levels was higher which accounts for higher nominal Gdp as compared to the real Gdp. Gdp Deflator According to Kroon 2007, Gdp deflator refers to “a measure of the current level of prices relative to the prices in the base year.” If the real Gdp increases but the price level is not affected, the increase in nominal Gdp will be accounted for by the increase in the number of goods and services produced. In such a case, the Gdp deflator is constant since the nominal Gdp and the real Gdp move in the same direction. The increase in price levels without altering the amount of goods and services produced will increase the nominal Gdp which will result in an increase in the Gdp deflator. Gdp deflator is computed as shown below: Gdp deflator = (nominal Gdp/real Gdp)*100. The Gdp deflator for quarter four: (12,901.4 /12735.6) * 100=101.3%. Under normal circumstances, the Gdp deflator is always 100% but if there is an increase in nominal Gdp, but no change in real Gdp, the Gdp deflator is higher than 100 %, as in the case presented above. This implies that there was a general price increase by 1.3% in quarter four. Gdp Per Capita Gdp per capita refers to Gdp expressed in terms of a nation’s population. To arrive at Gdp per capita, Gdp is divided by a nation’s population. Per capita income is used to measure a country’s wealth mainly for pu
Introduction Blue Steel Security Company is reputable security company that offers a variety of services that ranges from Security Training courses to Free Security Survey. The Company is located in Brooklyn, New York. One of the main objectives of this company is transforming lives of American citizens and the world beyond by through its services of security guard training and at the same time addressing the issues facing these guards by offering ultimate instructions to the students they are training. This company started at low levels and ascended to been a reputable security company in America (Blue Steel Security Inc, n.d) For my intern program, I have managed to attain an intern position at Blue Steel Security Company at its headquarters in Brooklyn. The position I am attached to is file clerk working in a family oriented environment. The main incentive for working in the Blue Steel Security Company as an intern is the fact that there is a high chance of attaining an employment opportunity in the Company. Job description File clerks in the Blue Steel Security Company are regarded as the guardians of the company. This is because the main part of their job description entails handling important files and documents. The filing system of the company is part and parcel of the responsibility of Blue Steel Security Company’s file clerk. Responsibilities in the filing system entailed maintaining and organizing the company’s files. In addition to this, collecting of documents and materials from the various companies’ departments, assessing and sorting it out and arranging the materials is also part of my internship responsibility as a clerk intern. The incorporation of modern technology by the company made my responsibility as a file clerk easier as files’ data and information is easily fed in to the computer electronically. This in turn eases the burden of retrieving the information when need arises. The
The Gettier paper is a discussion of knowledge and its relationship with true belief. The paper has several key lessons that show that the truth about knowledge should not be based on true belief alone. The paper looks at three different concepts that one might think of when trying to prove that the knowledge they have is true. Gettier argues that all the three concepts that people use to show that the knowledge they have is true are actually very wrong. The first key lesson that one gets from the paper is that one can know something and believe it as true when it actually is not true. This comes from the fact that some knowledge that people acquire are not true. Gettier gives the example of S and P, while S is a person and P is a proposition. Gettier argues that there are three things related to knowledge that one has to consider if S knows P. He explains further that if S knows P, then P is true. The second idea is that if S knows P then S believes that P is true. The last idea is that if S knows P then S is justified in believing P. An example that can be cited for this is that if John, who is a child, has always been told that babies come from heaven, this is the knowledge that he believes is true. He might also believe that this knowledge is true because he knows it is true. John is also justified in believing that children come from heaven because he was told that it is true. Despite this, the knowledge itself is actually false. Gettier argues that there is no way of knowing the truth of the piece of knowledge until the knowledge is tested. The second lesson from the Gettier paper is that one might believe that some knowledge is true based on some evidence that they have. Gettier explains that even though one might have some evidence that can make a proposition true, it could still be false. He explains this concept with the example of John and Smith. John believes that Smith has a Ford. This is based on the evidence that John has seen Smith driving a Ford on many occasions, or maybe Smith has given John a ride in the Ford. Despite this strong evidence, Gettier explains that the proposition that Smith owns a Ford can be false because Smith might have rented the car, thus the car is not his own. A third lesson that can be deduced from the Gettier paper is that of epistemic luck. He explains that there are times when one believes something, using the evidence they have and even though they might not really know it, what they believe might actually be true. For example, if a man who committed a crime was to escape from prison and the police ask his wife for his whereabouts, the wife would give them a list of places she thinks he might have gone. Unknown to the wife of the convict, one of the places where she mentioned turns out to be the exact place where the criminal is. These lessons that Gettier provides show that knowledge should not be based on justifiable true belief alone. He argues that there are times when this belief
Introduction My professional identity is a set of personal characteristics that fully realize my potential in work and activity. The formation of my identity depends on the core values such as desire, motivation, cognitive abilities, and communication skills – the ability to ‘find a common’ language with people and ‘smooth out’ conflicts. In addition, I differentiate myself with the profession, the goals and objectives of the company, and other colleagues. As a leader, I can set goals for the activity, determine the ways and means of achieving them, and be responsible for its implementation consequences. Consequently, I demonstrate the professional maturity of the individual and a necessary condition for successfully overcoming the difficulties of adaptation, crises, and several other problems in the activity process. Moreover, my professional identity is a product of long-term personal and professional development. It is formed based on the ideas like understanding my role, the importance of the company, a competent approach to the social and professional environment, and developing fundamental concepts about activities and qualities based on a valuable manager. Thus, professional identity is influenced by such core values as views and judgments concerning the company’s values, seeing its strengths and weaknesses. Besides, I try to realize my potential in the best light in a specific organization, understand how to build positive relationships with colleagues, resolve conflicts. Leadership Attributes Development In my opinion, a professional chief can set personal goals and tasks is fundamental to developing leadership. As a leader and manager in the company, I wish to be an example, a model, and an inspirer for people, to be able to motivate them and charge with positive energy. To do this, I need to demonstrate my competence and thirst for knowledge, confidence, determination and perseverance, energy and a positive outlook on things, and passion for the work. In addition, such qualities as persistence, courage, resistance to problems, and the ability to control the situation will help me see the whole picture and eliminate misunderstandings and any shortcomings. I should try to be open and charismatic, attentive to details and minutiae, listen to suggestions, ideas, and feedback from other people, analyze them and act on them. Consequently, it is necessary to go through a long and thorny path to the cherished goal – to become a professional, a specialist in the field. Organizational Structure Diagram The mission and vision of nurse competencies at the micro-level refer to everyday practice and daily tasks, creating positive environments, building positive relationships with colleagues and patients. In such aspect, the philosophy of the statement directed at improving client health outcomes is professional, personal qualities of a leader, which manifested in the development of improved methods of treating patients. Strategies, plans for the introduction of organizational, political aspects are developed at the meso-level. The professional nurse’s role, mission, and vision at this level is responsible for the management, integration, a
Introduction Although most people associate anabolic-androgenic steroids with increased muscle growth and performance in sports, there are other less-known reasons why people may decide to use them. The latter may be divided into two groups: pursuing the ideal body and healthcare-related purposes. Indeed, especially from the medical perspective, anabolic steroids may significantly improve an individual’s physical condition. However, on the other hand, numerous studies found that the usage of synthetic versions of testosterone has adverse effects on people’s health by causing cardiovascular, kidney, liver, and blood problems, to name a few. Moreover, anabolic steroids are associated with certain mental issues and mood changes making people more aggressive and violent (Aknouche et al., 2021). Therefore, the current essay seeks to determine the reasons behind individual’s use of anabolic steroids other than sports in more detail and discuss their positive and negative effects on human health. Non-Sport Related Reasons Behind Anabolic Steroids Usage Pursuing the ideal body is the first motive to intake synthetic versions of testosterone. Although people who are guided by such desire are usually (but not always) involved in physical exercising, it is argued that they do not have sport-related reasons for the aforementioned drug usage. As a result, increasing one’s performance is not on the list of primary incentives; rather, people seek to have perfect appearances. The existence of the latter motivation, in turn, is explained by low self-esteem, body dissatisfaction, issues with social acceptance, and age-related concerns (Greenway and Price, 2018). In this regard, studies find a direct causal relationship between underlying factors of ideal body pursue and taking anabolic steroids (Baker et al., 2019; Schartau, 2020). Therefore, it can be concluded that a greater desire for having a perfect body increases an individual’s propensity to use anabolic-androgenic steroids. The second major motivation for taking anabolic steroids includes health-related reasons. For instance, National Institute on Drug Abuse (2018) suggests that this drug helps to overcome hormonal problems, such as delayed puberty. Adittionally, Anstey et al. (2018) discuss the effectiveness of anabolic steroids in helping patients with HIV/AIDS to address muscle and weight. Moreover,