ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abortion is one of the contentious issues to which people rarely have a simple answer even when they lack the necessary knowledge to make a complex and substantiated position. Affecting people on a profoundly personal level, the idea of abortion has been affecting the discussion of women’s rights for decades due to the questionable aspects of the specified procedure. Despite the fact that abortion could be represented as a morally wrong choice to make, the fact that requiring one to do otherwise would mean compromising women’s bodily integrity suggests that the problem of abortion goes significantly deeper. Applying different ethical perspectives shows that abortion must be viewed as a fundamental right of women due to its direct implications for women’s’ physical autonomy. Abortion as a Women’s Rights Issue The right for having an abortion should be seen as a fundamental women’s’ right since it implies that a woman can have bodily autonomy. Indeed, when restricting the access to abortion services for women, one creates the setting where women’s reproduction rights are controlled by others, which contributes to the rise in gender inequality and the current situation with sex-based oppression. In the environment where creating a life requires two people, and where instances of assaults on women, occur, abortion must be seen as a necessary evil. In fact, to defend women’s rights to have abortions, one should not even go as far as connecting the instance of rape to the justification of abortion (Chae et al., 2017). In fact, the described strategy may have the direct opposite effect. Instead, providing pregnant women with a full range of options and allowing her to evaluate every possible avenue that she can take in order to exercise her right to bodily autonomy must be considered crucial. Finally, one must consider the argument that the right to abortion also implies protecting the rights of children, namely, the right to be born into the families that want them and love them. Indeed, if abortions are prohibited statewide, and punishments are administered to women who select the procedure as opposed to giving birth, children will be born to families and environments where they will be unwanted and to the mothers who will not love them. As a result, these children will grow up in a very unhealthy environment that will be potentially dangerous for their mental health. Indeed, studies show that children that are born into a hostile setting where they were initially unwanted have difficulties at the early stages of childhood development (Rana et al., 2021). Thus, abortion as a procedure that allows getting rid of an unplanned pregnancy should contribute to the discussion of abortions the id
Should General Mills Canada Corporation (GMCC) focus on and continue to invest in the refrigerated baked goods (RBG) category? A business case supporting the argument The performance of RBG in the past two years has not been stellar. The net earnings and volumes of sales between 2004 and 2006 had declined. Further, household penetration has continued to decline. However, RBG product line was the fourth best in the company. The most profitable product in RGB category is the refrigerated-cookie product line. It represented 62 percent of sales and had over 75 percent of the product line profits. Table 1: Statement of Earnings (figures are in millions)                           28 May, 2006  29 May, 2005  30 May, 2004 Net Earnings              $1,090        $1,240        $1,055       Total Expenses and Costs  $10,073       $9,429        $9,562        According to study results by Market Tools, refrigerated baked goods were convenient for consumers because they were easy and quick to make (79 percent). Generally, customers prefer convenient products. The team also learned that RGB product consumption was on the increase, especially among household with children. This implies that GMCC has a potential market niche. Therefore, it should target households with children in advertisement campaigns. Guillen must convince the management team that RGB product line shall improve when they adopt scratch baking method since Canadian consumers prefer it. Therefore, it must promote scratch baking method in the Canadian market rather than the popular methods in the US. The research also established that mothers preferred products, which were relatively easy, quick, practical, and attractive to children. The GMCC should consider this insight and develop brands of RGB. The company must also develop the product because it is popular with mothers, who influence purchase decisions based on affordability, convenience, and attractiveness to children. Despite the stagnant sales and revenues, the research established that cookie markets were growing in Canada. Therefore, GMCC should focus on the growth segment of the market. The research provided considerable insight and knowledge that enabled Guillen to understand that Canadians preferred scratch baking rather than refrigerated cookies. Therefore, the company can create the niche and revive sales. Based on market research results, Guillen should develop product campaigns that address various challenges, which lapsed users have encountered. Therefore, it is appropriate for GMCC to segment customers based on preferences, usages, appeals, and various emotions that RGB brand create
The world is increasingly becoming a global village and so has been the business environment. Businesses are no longer restricted to operate just within the national boarders. Globalization has eliminated such restrictions to enable individual firms compete within the global market place (Robbins, 2004). This new global business environment in turn has presented opportunities as well as challenges as well as challenges that have redefined the role of entrepreneurship. Today, entrepreneurs as well as business leaders are required to possess a pragmatic vision and exercise effective leadership skills to develop, drive and maintain a competent business strategy that is capable of overcoming the new challenges while making most use of new opportunities (Robbins, 2004). This is no different in Nik and Alex Scenario who must devise an effective business strategy to take the various benefits and opportunities offered by the new pacific island of Kava despite the many challenges the new market presents. Although expanding the geographical footprint of a business in the modern era of globalization is not as perilous and costly as it had been a while back, the highly competitive nature of today’s international business environment requires perfectly executed measures to succeed and remain competitive. It is an environment that requires a perfect balance between defensive measures to overcome challenges and the risks as well as offensive measures to exploit strengths and take up arising opportunities. To start with, there are a number of issues that stand on the way to the firm’s expansion of operations into the island of Kava. The first challenge is posed by the ecological factors of the island. Despite the island having a lot of resources and natural wealth that are of critical important too the parent firm, there are a lot of ecological obstacles that may stand on the way. The island is firstly prone to such natural disasters as floods, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, hurricanes, typhoons, tidal waves, tornadoes and the avian flu. In addition there are other disasters resulting out of human activities such as fires and petroleum spills. Besides disasters, the island is also coupled with some socio-cultural issues that may negatively or positively impact on business operations in the island. One of the major socio-cultural factors facing the conduct of business in the island is cultural diversity. The island is inhabited by people of different languages and ethnic background such as Spanish speaking individuals, Americans, Chinese, French speaking individuals, Africans and the indigenous local ethnic communities and languages. Besides that,
Introduction The disorder under analysis is called Anorexia Nervosa. The disease is currently included in the DSM disorders list (Pomerantz, 2013). Nowadays, anorexia is a wide-spread psychological disease. The number of individuals suffering from this disease has skyrocketed in the last 30 years. Anorexia is neither a mania nor just a “bad” temper of patient – it is a real psychological condition. Anorexia is characterized by the constant desire of a patient to lose weight accompanied by a strong fear of obesity. A patient has a distorted vision of his or her own appearance and is worried about an imaginary increase of weight. Symptoms The condition under analysis has a clear symptomatic that simplifies the process of diagnosing. Thus, among the principle symptoms of anorexia, specialists point out the following attributes: the unwillingness to keep a minimum weight level; the constant feel of fatness; standup eating as a preferable manner of food consumption; sleep disturbance; society isolation; the panic fear of putting on weight (National Eating Disorders Association, n.d.). Statistics The analysis of the relevant statistic shows that there is a tendency for the sharp increase in people with the following condition. Specialists note that the number of patients with this diagnosis is rather high with developed countries being the leaders: every 2 girls out of 100 in the age from 12 to 24 suffer from this disease. In percentage correlation, 90% of patients are young girls in the age from 12 to 24, the rest 10% – older women and men (O’Donnell, 2001). The most concerning aspect of the relevant statistics resides in the fact that 5-20% of patients with this condition are likely to die, particularly in those cases where the length of the condition is substantial enough (National Eating Disorders Association, n.d.). Suspected Causes Specialists note that there are several reasons which can cause anorexia. In the majority of cases, one cannot point out the primary determinant – the patient is influenced by various factors: biological (genetic and biological predisposition), psychological (family influence and internal conflicts), and social (environmental influence, expectations, emulation) (O’Donnell, 2001). Four Major Schools of Psychotherapy It is crucial that the treatment of anorexia is provided by a licensed health care professional. The treatment process implies a complex multi-stage therapy. One might point out four basic approaches to the treatment: psychodynamic, humanistic, behavioral, and cognitive. In the framework of psychodynamic therapy, a specialist tries to identify the early conflict that provoked the condition. The patient is recommended to think of the past experience that might have had a negative effect on the current behavior. It is necessary to note that the effectiveness of this kind of therapy is still doubted (O’Donnell, 2001). Another approach to the treatment focuses on the current thoughts and ideas instead of the past experience. The relevant approach is called behavioral; its primary aim is to
I believe graffiti as an art should be considered a form of therapy. The art of graffiti is prominent in society, especially in the streets where low-class people live. Artists mainly use graffiti to express their emotional feelings and represent real-life experiences through the art. Many people in the community can relate to graffiti since it represents real-life events and experiences. The art of graffiti shows emotions that can help individuals express their emotions better. People with mental and emotional issues can relate to the art visually and develop a better understanding of life (Hinz, 2017). The art of graffiti has also helped people who are not able to express themselves verbally find alternative ways to express their feelings. I have once engaged with the graffiti artists and they feel the art should be appreciated and supported more in the community. According to the psychological perspective when reviewing the art of graffiti, it has helped relieve stress, and tension and brings joy to the people in the community (Fish, 2019). Studies have shown that people with mental and physical challenges relate better to visual signs as compared to other forms of expressions (Hinz, 2017). Patients for example can heal emotionally and find stability from the graffiti arts in hospitals. The dumb and the lame can understand their rights and challenges through graffiti arts advocating for their rights. Although society has not fully appreciated graffiti art, it is i
The author’s main purpose of writing this book was to draw attention to the experiences of Chicago industrial workers during and after the great depression. This book describes how these workers came up with tough survival strategies to endure numerous labor challenges. By doing so, the author demonstrates how a diverse workforce in Chicago harmonized their internal divisions to achieve an effective collective action. As such, the book’s thesis seeks to highlight the importance of unions for industrial workers in Chicago during the 1930s (Cohen 7). Cohen’s book is organized systematically to cover expansively on the experiences of Chicago industrial workers between the years 1910 and 1940. Through this, the author reveals how the powerless workers in the 1910s became politically active during the 1930s. A third of this book illustrates the background and labor issues faced by Chicago industrial workers during the early 1920s. In this section, the author illustrates how societies in Chicago were becoming more diversified. Consequently, the author notes that the ethnic leaders were more concerned about their communities losing their ethnic values. In the following chapters, the author majors on the relations between the employers and the employees. Through this section, the author illustrates how powers in the market shifted from employers to employees after the World War I. Cohen attributes this shift in power to the increase in labor demand. Due to an increase in labor demand, employers realized the need to address their employees’ grievances to increase labor turnover and production. In spite of advancement in employees’ compensation, the author notes that the employees’ working conditions remained unaddressed. In the subsequent section, the author focuses her attention on depression (Cohen 23). This section illustrates how the demand in the manufactured goods declined progressively leading to job losses. Through this section, Cohen illustrates how gains that had been gained in the first part of the book were lost. Due to these losses, employees retreated to their ethnic groups for solidarity. In the final part of the book, Cohen focuses on how the unions became politically active. Through this section, Cohen suggests that the depression challenges forced the industrial workers to be involved in the national politics. Before the depression, workers’ interests were satisfied at the local level. However
Introduction Article Overview Marketing entails an important issue within an organisation’s wider scope of its communications campaign. Olenski (2013) discusses the role of integrated marketing communications (IMC) in providing efficient messages to customers. In his article, which can be accessed from Forbes, specifically www.forbes.com, he insists that organisations can acquire marketing communications synergies when they realise the impact that presenting or availing cross-channel messages has on their clients’ loyalty. Olenski (2013) offers substantial data supporting its major argument that present-day businesses need to invest more in IMC concepts instead of using outdated marketing mechanisms such as printed materials if they wish to capture clients, including millennials, who are currently major consumers of social media. The article is credible because it appears in one of the oldest and highly ranked U.S. business magazines, namely, Forbes . Topic Overview This section investigates issues related to the subject of the communications campaign, although the emphasis is placed on the subtopic of integrated marketing communications. Mongkol (2014) defines IMC as the combination and harmonisation of diverse alternatives that seek to shape clients’ mentality by instilling in their minds an appropriate understanding and perception of various commodities or services. Such options include advertising, sales promotions, direct marketing, social media, and public relations. Rakić and Rakić (2014, p.188) present the same concept as “an approach to achieving the objectives of a marketing campaign through a well-coordinated use of different promotional methods that are intended to reinforce each other.” These two definitions indicate that IMC entails creating seamless interactions of different marketing communications tools and strategies. Its goal is to not only communicate but also maintain strong consumer-brand relations. According to Olenski (2013), IMC entails the only option for organisations that seek to communicate their brands effectively to the target market, such as millennials. However, as Rakić and Rakić (2014) reveal, combining various marketing communications tools to reach customers efficiently is difficult. Ots and Nyilasy (2015) support this position by specifying issues such as compartmentalisation, message misinterpretation, presenting information inappropriately, and reduced confidence, which business have to deal with in their day-to-day operations. However, according to Ots and Nyilasy (2015), IMC’s 4Es and 4Cs provide the required communications harmony. Analysis In line with arguments raised in the article by Olenski (2013), and enlarging body of research indicates that realising remarkable results from IMC requires organisations to acquire some beneficial success synergies. In particular, Micu and Pentina (2014, p. 159) examined the impact of “paid advertising (banner ad plus banner ad) and publicity (news article
The Kaaba is a cubical structure made of stones that was constructed and reconstructed by the Islamic prophets as a center of worship. The Kaaba is found inside the sacred mosque known as Al-Masjid located at the city of Makkah in Saudi Arabia. In Islam, the Kaaba is the most holy place. It is a requirement that muslims face the Kaaba during prayers, especially when they are outside the city of Makkah. The muslims facing the Kaaba during prayers is a sign of respect to Allah. According to the Islamic pillar, all muslims are required to honor the Kaaba by going round it in an anticlockwise direction seven times at least once in an individual’s lifetime. Those people who are suffering from chronic diseases or are physically challenged are exempted from participating in the walk round the Kaaba. In order to know more about the Kaaba, this paper presents its history and description. The History The Kaaba has been constructed and reconstructed approximately twelve times. The initial construction was by the prophet Adam (McCrudden, 2010). Adam was the first human being to be created by Allah and he was instructed to prepare a place of worship (Wynbrandt, 2010). Adam built a shrine known as the “Kaaba”, meaning the holy place of Allah. According to the Quran, the Kaaba was the primary building that was constructed for people to worship. Thereafter, the Kaaba was reconstructed by the prophet Abraham and the prophet Ishmael (Campo, 2012). In the reign of the prophet Muhammad, the Kaaba was damaged by floods and the prophet helped in the rebuilding. According to Wynbrandt (2010), prophet Muhammad was helped to reconstruct the Kaaba by the four tribes of Quraish. The Era Before Islamic The worshiping in the Kaaba The Kaaba was bestowed to a god known as Hubal and it had three hundred and sixty idols representing each day in a year (Doak, 2011). Wynbrandt (2010) adds that during that time, the Kaaba was addressed like a woman. The men moved round the Kaaba completely naked while the women were partially naked. The movement was a fertility rite. The fertility rite was believed to increase the fertility rate of the community. Once in a year, the Kaaba was used as a shrine of the Allah and people from different parts of the world whether muslims or not gathered to worship as they moved round the Kaaba. The worship at the Kaaba by different people signified that Allah was the God of all people. The Colored Stones McCrudden (2010) contends that there were many “kaabas” in Saudi Arabia but this particular Kaaba in Al-Masjid was made of stones. The other “Kaabas” were made of stone complements. One of the “Kaabas” was made of red stones and it was where the god of South Arabia resided and another one located at Tabala was made of white stones (Campo, 2012). The “red stones” Kaaba was found at the city of Ghaiman. During the pre-Islamic era, divinity was lin
Introduction Jonathan Swift wrote “Gulliver’s travels” in order to satirize European and British society and also to satirize human nature. Through the different tales, Gulliver illustrates just how man acts and thinks inconsistently. Sometimes these analyses dwell on different communities while in other instances they focus on his community. In other instances, it is the social structures that Gulliver objects to while in other scenarios, it is really the individual. Sometimes he attacks humanity and sometimes he attacks himself. What all these contrasts have in common is that they reflect the shortcomings of human beings. Purpose of the book In the first part of the writing, Swift introduces readers to a petty and pretentious race of humans who happen to be less than six inches tall. He must have chosen such a size in order to eliminate the perception that man is great because of his physical abilities. One would therefore assume that this small size may have played a part in the Lilliputians wickedness, but this thinking is immediately eroded when one reads about the Brobdingnagians in the next section. They perceive Gulliver in the same way that the Lilliputians because Gulliver is only a fraction of their size. Although this community does possess some positive attributes, they are also manipulative and selfish because they use Gulliver to get money. By contrasting two completely opposite communities i.e. the Brobdingnagians and the Lilliputians, Swift satirizes the pride that humans derive from their appearances; no form is devoid of vice. Other aspects of the book keep attacking man’s inadequacies as a species. For instance, Swift selects horses as a representation of the ‘ideal society’. They were rational and free from excesses unlike human counterparts which were the Yahoos. According to the narrative, the Yahoos were the worst representation of human society yet Gulliver soon realizes that all humans are Yahoos in one way or another. What’s worse is that at least the Yahoos did not disguise their wickedness while humans like Gulliver did this with their clean shaven faces and well kept nails. Furthermore, when the Master Houyhnhnm hears about the ways of the humans he concludes that human beings are the worst kind. For instance, when Gulliver tells this leader about lawyers who make money by lying, one immediately sees a resemblance with the Yahoos who rarely make honest dealings with each other. Gulliver also says that Ministers of State get elected for development purposes but most will focus on their own ambitions and destroy others’ credibility. The Yahoos also exhibited this kind of greedy behavior when they fought over a small shiny rock or when they needed to control supplies even when there was enough for all. Human beings often go to war over petty differences in opinion just like the Yahoos fought over the slightest issues. In essence, the author is satirizing human pride by comparing it to such beastly creatures. He is showing them that despite the pleasant appearances that human posses, there are certain deficiencies that reduce the human species to a beastly and unwanted race as the Yahoos. At some p