ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Appearing on one side Since Herpes zoster (i.e. Shingles) lays dormant in the nerve tissue of the body, it usually travels from a person’s ganglia to the various axons and then reaches only a particular portion of the skin (Is that rash shingles?, 2013). While it is still unknown why it is isolated to particular areas, it often occurs on the chest, back or in some areas of the face in a belt like pattern. Is Shingles Contagious? Shingles (varicella zoster) is not contagious in the conventional sense due to its nature as the virus that causes chicken pox. What you have to understand is that once a person gets chicken pox and gets better, the virus goes into a dormant state wherein it can either “sleep” throughout that person’s life and never resurge or it can “awaken”. This can occur as a result of a weakening in the immune system, stress or the normal aging process that occurs in the body, however, this “awakening” does not occur in most individuals (Calianno & O’Shea, 2013). While anyone who has developed chickenpox during their childhood has the “possibility” of getting shingles, it takes a combination of factors such as stressors, weak immunity response mechanisms and other such characteristics to cause a person to develop shingles in the first place. Do note though that an exception to this are instances where a person has not had chickenpox or received the chickenpox vaccine which makes it possible for the virus to spread (Gan, Tian & Tey, 2013). However, you cannot actually catch shingles through this method, a person who has shingles cannot give someone else shingles, rather, the virus is merely transmitted resulting in either a benign state (i.e. no effect whatsoever on the body) or that individual would develop chicken pox and not shingles if they had not had chicken pox in the past (Gan, Tian & Tey, 2013). Treatment methods The current treatment methods for shingles are varied based on the severity of the occurrence. What you have to understand is the rash is also associated with considerable pain and, as such, it is often necessary to address both issues. The first method of treatment that is normally utilized are anti viral drugs such as famciclovir and valacyclovir which help to control the virus. While this may help treat the virus, the issue of pain still needs to be addressed. This is often solved through the use of nerve blockers in the form of anesthetic drugs or steroids. What is post herpetic neuralgia? Post herpetic neuralgia is defined as a rare manifestation of shingles where severe pain associated with the rash can last longer than a few weeks. In most cases of shingles, the rash tends to disappear after a few weeks; however, in certain rare instances the pain associated with it can last for months if not years ((Is that rash shingles?, 2013). This can actually cause a considerable decrease in a person’s quality of life given the pain and irritation associated with the condition. Fortunately, there have been a few treatments that were developed in the past few years that help to address such an issue. Qutenza, which is a type of highly concentrated capsaicin (i.e. the che
How does “Ross Alley” demonstrate the history of the Chinese Exclusion era? The world would have never changed, and America would have never become America if it were not for the immigrants. The Chinese were one the largest immigrant groups in the New World in the XIX-XX centuries. Their contribution to the development of socio-economic and cultural well-being of the young state is truly invaluable. Oddly enough, the Chinese people became the object of the most violent discrimination in the American society. Before becoming one of the biggest and most influential modern US communities, the Chinese had come a long and tragic path full of obstacles and humiliations. Arnold Genthe’s vast legacy of photos of the old San Francisco Chinatown represents the most troublesome period for the Chinese immigrants with explicit realism and subtlety. Looking like a simple depiction of a crowd of workers, “Ross Alley” turns out to be the reflection of the phenomena of Chinese isolation and triumph over their oppressors. The photo shows us the crowded street of Chinatown, Ross Alley or Stouts Street (“The Street of Gamblers”) as the author himself called it. From the first look, one may suggest that just another busy day is captured here. The Chinese workers all look similar but at the same time different; some of them are smoking, others chatting, arguing or just observing. They are wearing similar traditional Chinese tunics and shoes, combining them with Western hats and pants. The photographer is looking at them from the Jackson Street (Genthe and Tchen 63). But if to delve more deeply into the preconditions of the depicted phenomenon, it will turn out that those people are on the street not by their will but due to the historically established unfavorable conditions. Arnold Genthe, a German doctor of philosophy, came to San Francisco in 1895 to work as a tutor for some aristocratic family. Once he visited the Chinese quarter, the traditional unique atmosphere and characters of the people captivated him and motivated to document his impressions (Genthe and Tchen 3). However, Chinatown of that period was not some bright fairy tale, but a “home of tens of thousands of Chinese who, because of a tidal wave of racist hostility, were forced to live in a segregated section of the city” (Genthe and Tchen 3). The upsurge of Chinese immigration to the United States in the second half of the XIX century was caused by the failure of the Chinese authorities to establish order in their country. Chinese people sought for better living
Executive Summary Design and Development of Services and Products is a branch of business that uses principles of project management to ensure organizational processes run smoothly (Wheelen & Hunger 2002, 18). It is the operational managers who are always faced with the challenging task of ensuring that their company’s operations run smoothly. The world’s most respected organizations have one thing in common, that is, a culture of creativity, inventiveness and continuous product development. Multinational corporations like Apple have built formal structures that are charged with the responsibility of taking care of research, design and development of world-class service processes and products. This characteristic is what enables these companies to be able to adapt to the changing environment and stay ahead of their time (Tovstiga 2010, 56). The main purpose that organizations get involved in the process of designing and developing services and products is to ensure that their businesses processes stay ahead of time and that they gain competitive advantage in the current competitive business field (Lancaster & Withey 2006, 78). Introduction Consumers are highly unpredictable and new market needs arise day-in-day-out making it necessary for business managers to work in collaboration with other functional areas to come up with appropriate programs and strategies that will enable their organizations to clearly understand and interpret the needs, wants and desires of the market and embark on a relevant design and development process (Tovstiga 2010, 68). Apple Inc., for example has been able to lead in innovation since it developed the Mac OS back in 1984 and their current efforts have led to revolutionary products such as the iPad and iPhone. This development has given the company a lot of competitive advantage in the industry. Design management usually involves a continuous ongoing process that requires business managers to make critical decisions that are in harmony with business strategies. The key characteristic of a good R&D department is that a company will end up having an innovative and creative culture that is healthy for the organization (Kourdi 2009, 91-100). Operational managers whose part of their duties is to ensure that research development efforts are not focused only on products and services but also on the necessary business process that are capable of supporting smooth delivery of these services and products. Operations management is a discipline that allows managers to accurately, design and redesign business operations whenever need arises in order to come up with the highest quality of goods and/or services in the most efficient and reliable way (Boone 2010, 17). A good operations management structure enables organizational managers to utilize research and design systems to meet customer requirements. Operational managers often use various methods that allow them to create large and well detailed database that store data collected from consumers and th
Introduction Sometimes, food can be a reason for inspiration and tend to remind us of interesting events, which took place in our life. Similar situations happened in my life, and many situations related to this matter are present in the past. Choosing this research topic is inspired by Proust’s “The Cookie”, as, according to the story, as the cookie reminded the researcher of his past and caused the continuous flow of exciting memories from his childhood (Lehrer, 2007). I was highly encouraged by the story and could assume that the cookies had the psychological and emotional power to bring back memories and feelings. I can claim that this phenomenon is present in everyday life, history, and experience. The primary goal of this paper is to address this aspect from the historical point of view and evaluate it from the psychological perspective, as it will assist in the understanding of this matter from diverse sides. In turn, it is necessary to refer to the personal experience related to this emotional ability of food. In this case, my personal stories and observations will be described. In the end, the conclusions are drawn to evaluate the significance of the findings. Historical Events It is clear that one of the inspiring stories is Proust’s “The Cookie”, Proust was chewing the cookie, and it was reminding him of his past (Lehrer, 2007). The memories were quickly flying in his head, and he was able to remember his childhood. It could be said that it was not about the taste but about the memories, which the cookie helped him to acquire. In turn, it was one of the important historical events, which changed the flow in psychology and neuroscience, as the anchor between the taste and memory was revealed. In turn, similar situations occurred in history several times, as this phenomenon is rather common in the world and everyday life. It could be said that this example refers to the animation and underlines the presence of this matter in history. According to the story, Anton Ego tasted Ratatouille and was brought back to his childhood (Rosing, 2015). The taste of Ratatouille was the anchor to his past and was associated with his childhood memories. It could be said that food can play the role of the bridge between the present and past as one can easily be transported to the joyful and happy moments in the past. It could be said that various stories related to the similar matter are also present in history, films, and animation, as having associations between emotions and food is common. In turn, similar situations happen in real life, and the importance of this phenomenon cannot be underestimated. Lastly, these situations can inspire and help people remember vital matters. Psychological Perspective Nonetheless, the presence of this aspect has to be evaluated from the psychological perspective. It could be said that this matter is related to the psychological functioning of the brain. In this instance, the words such as ‘memory’, ‘emotion’, and ‘anchoring’ have to be defined as they are significant components while associating the flavor of the food with the particular moment in the past. F
The United Nations: How it all started It was on October 24, 1945 when the United Nations was formed, with the hope of efficient prevention of another world war. The organization was formed by the four nations that had waged war on the Axis Powers—the Union of Soviet Socialist Republic (Russia), China, United States and Great Britain. The original United Nations Charter was written in June 1945, and 50 countries have agreed to it and gave their signatures. Promoting peace and human dignity—that’s what the organization is all about. It lives up to this principal aim so as to eliminate the problems that may lead to international conflict, and worse, to wars. As decades pass, the goals of the UN have been expanded. Today, other goals such as economic and social development, human rights and humanitarian affairs, peace and security, and international laws are also included in the UN Charter (Olson, Roux and Mesec 2005). The strength and efficiency of the UN had been through different tests. The UN had been there when Israel established its independent state, and had been the mediator when the act stirred conflict with the Palestine. Peacekeepers of the organization also tried to hush the rage brought about by the Berlin Blockade. And it has proven its reliability in its involvement in the refugee relief during the Korean War. Just this past decade, the world witnessed how the UN had to intervene when terrorism expanded worldwide. There are also atrocities in Yugoslavia, Rwanda and Bosnia, civil conflicts in El Salvador, Cambodia and Guatemala, and disputes within countries such as the Philippines and China that the UN had to deal with (Olson, Roux and Mesec 2005). The organization found a way to increase cooperation among its member states, and that was through international conferences. Such conferences were sponsored by the organization in order to have wider awareness of the problems that the world might encounter in the future. Such conferences did not only involve participating states, but as well as Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), citizens, members of the academe, and representatives of the business sector. These people helped produce environmental and financial treaties, reaffirmed security commitments, made declarations through these conferences. This resulted to increased international cooperation. The conferences covered various issues. It definitely stirred heated debates such as those on Human Rights, proposals for Social Development, researches about the Environment, recent problems on Human Settlements, and new laws regarding Women. One example of these conferences is the Millennium Summit, which was held in September 2000 (in New York) resulted in a declaration of aims and values for the new century. These so-called “millennium goals” include promotion of gender equality, reduction of child mortality, eradication of extreme poverty, and achievement of universal primary education (UN Website, n.d.). A follow-up Summit was held in New York, in September 2005 to check and evaluate the progress that were made toward attaining the mentioned goals (Olson, Roux and Mesec 2005). Rwanda: Then and Now In
Nowadays sport managers have to solve a variety of questions concerning cultural diversity as athletes join different teams where people of different cultural backgrounds have to cooperate. Unfortunately, nowadays there are many opposing nations, i.e. people of different cultural backgrounds detest each other for some reasons. This can be a very serious problem for any team where each team player should trust other players and should be trusted. This problem can be considered in terms of conflict theory, which perfectly fits the situation. According to the conflict theory, people pertaining to different ethnic groups will compete to gain more resources (better image, larger wages, etc.). On one hand, this can be favourable for the team’s performance as the players will try their best. However, this can also have negative effects as each player will try to reveal his potential rather than focus on the team play. Therefore, the manager should take into account this inevitability of competition and focus on making players focus on the team’s results. Thus, each team player should have specific role and should have specific tasks. It is important to work out a certain performance assessment system so that it is easy to assess each player’s performance. After each game and each training session, the manager should evaluate each player’s performance and stress that no player could have performed well if the game is lost. The manager should stress that there are no ethnical groups in a team, as there are players loyal to the team.
McCormick & Company is a global company that is involved in manufacturing, marketing, as well as distribution of spices over the entire world. Also inclusive in their customer base is the retailing outlets, food production industry and organizations involved in food production. Their scope ranges from North America and Europe. However, they also have additional services that offer their products to parts of Asia, Central America and southern Africa. The company has two segments that it operates with; the consumer segment and industrial segment. The consumer segment is involved in selling its products while the industrial segment is involved in the production. The annual sale was about $345 million in year 2010. It is also notable that the sales are expected to increase to about 5% to 7% in year 2010 (Zacks Investment Research, 2007). On the other hand, Unilever company is a double listed company in both the United Kingdom and Netherlands. It is also notable that both companies operate under the same directors and as a single business organization. The scope of operation of the company ranges in different fields such as skin care, hair care products and food brands. Being involved in this came about due to their action of acquiring various organizations involved in different fields. Annuals sales revenue in 2010 was $44,262 million. The two organizations used to control markets in different regions of the world. The action of consolidation therefore widens the market base that the two organizations had, as there are increased resources for expansion due to the knowledge of different areas each of them controlled (Bofah, 1998). In turn, the revenue generated from the sales is likely to reduce due to the fact that only a single management body would be in existence as other managers that may be there are distributed to serve other purposes. The synergy approach tends to be beneficial to the organization as there is a revenue enhancement as well as savings in the cost of production (Guthrie, 2000). Enjoyment and enhancement of the food sector, which both these organizations are involved in is also possible. The revenue that was being
Abstract Despite the impressive progress made over the past decades in addressing cancer, the disease remains one of the major causes of death. Moreover, cancer causes patients a tremendous amount of pain and discomfort. This paper considers the idea of incorporating alternative treatment options, namely, acupuncture, chiropractic, and herbal medications into the existing framework for managing cancer in patients. Project Description Background Although there is a plethora of severe health conditions that affect people’s lives drastically and lead to fatal outcomes, cancer remains one of the most dreaded diagnoses, for understandable reasons. Indeed, despite the advances made in the management of cancer, particularly, the surgical removal of the tumor and the following therapy allowing to reduce health risks, cancer remains one of the major causes of death worldwide (de Martel et al., 2020). Therefore, the search for new cancer medications and alternative treatment options continues (Scarton et al., 2018). While the latter typically have a miniscule effect on patients’ well-being, they offer an opportunity to support a patient emotionally and provide a temporary relief from multiple side effects that cancer medication may cause, such as nausea and pain. Therefore, to provide patients with adequate care and offer the full extent of support when managing cancer, healthcare practitioners must incorporate cancer treatment alternatives into the therapy based on the unique needs of patients. The inclusion of alternatives to medical treatment of cancer is typically viewed as unnecessary and even harmful by healthcare experts, which, in the absence of a proper, medication-based treatment framework is completely true. Indeed, even in the instance of terminal cancer, patients require cancer medication prescribed by an expert and used specifically to treat the symptoms and issues faced at the specified cancer development stage (Jurj et al., 2017). However, the described mode of managing the needs of cancer patients does not negate the presence of several positive effects that alternative cancer treatment frameworks provide. While the standard approach toward managing cancer and the related needs of patients are typically focused on the physiological changes experienced as a result of the disease, the emotional well-being of a patient may be overlooked (Ozdemir, 2019). As a result, a patient may experience a massive drop in the extent of motivatio
It remains evident that the culture has a vehement influence on the personality and traits of an individual (Heillriegel and Slocum, 38). In this case, the identity is connected to the perception of being the part and attachment of the significant cultural group (Littlejohn and Foss 90). In turn, it could be assumed that the vehement feeling of connection to the particular culture influences perceptions and identity of an individual about the place of his/her culture in the world due to the distortion of the personal identification and inability to see his/her culture from the different angle. The primary goal of this essay is to define the influence of the connection of cultural history to one’s identity and determine how the sense of identity modifies the perception of the culture based on the analysis of Okonkwo from Things Fall Apart by Achebe. In the end, the conclusions are drawn. As was mentioned earlier, culture has a strong influence on the personal identity of an individual due to the cultivation of particular qualities. The studies reveal that the representatives of different cultures have different perceptions of the world, as the cultures focus on the significance of the particular traits (Eap et al. 630). People have a tendency to follow the cultural principles, as it is considered as a commonly accepted social norm. The traces of this phenomenon can be noticed in the book Things Fall Apart by Achebe, which portrays the story of Okonkwo, who is the leader of the tribe (Achebe 20). Nonetheless, it remains evident that Okonkwo is the production of the society, which has to face the conflict of interests between historical and cultural aspects (Whittaker and Msiska 80). In this instance, the culture of the region plays an essential role in the formation of Okonkwo’s personal traits, as the power of culture cannot be underestimated. Nonetheless, the cultural identity determines the position of the culture in the world in the eyes of the individual. The individuals tend to view the world from a different perspective, and their personal traits, which are influenced by the culture, determine this vision. Speaking of the tragedy of Okonkwo, the leader of the tribe is located in between the controversial perceptions of the world in the context of the book Things Fall Apart (Achebe 20). In this instance, his perception of the world experience changes, but the cultural influence still has dominating positions in his perceptions of the world and the structure of society. It could be said that the cultural identity has