ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
A historical event is always seen differently by different people. It is but natural that people perceive information in a different way as they have their own background which affects the way they see things. It is possible to trace this difference through a brief analysis of people’s accounts on slavery. Writings of Captain Thomas Phillips and Nzinga Mbemba can be useful for this purpose. Analysis of these documents suggests that white people had specific views on black people while the latter also distrusted whites. Notably, they shared a lot of values and it is possible to trace certain cultural interchange. In the first place, it is necessary to note that Africans and white invaders shared the same view on slavery. It was acceptable in both societies to capture people and trade them as if they were goods. The captain, who was brought up in the ‘civilized’ and Christian world with its values of equality of all, tried to get a good bargain and buy African slaves. At the same time, the king was not against slave trade and saw it as something usual. This can be explained by the fact that African tribes and kingdoms were often in the state of war and made prisoners of war their slaves. Another similarity between the two authors is that they include certain example of cultural exchange in the letter. Thus, the African king appeals to Christian values and asks the Portuguese king to send educated doctors and priests. The captain is aware of certain peculiarities of Africans. For example, the way they trade and the way they try to preserve their freedom. As far as differences in the writings are concerned, it is necessary to state that even though both persons were not against slavery; their views differed on one matter. To be more precise, the captain does not pay attention to the fact that noble men could be sold and focused on ‘quality’ of slaves bought. Nonetheless, the king asked the king of Portugal to make white people more responsible and avoid buying and selling noblemen into slavery which was “an obvious damage” to the king (Mbemba 621). This can be explained by the fact that for the captain all Africans were quite equal. They could be younger or they could be stronger. However, the captain recognized the king as a man of authority. For the African King, there was a particular hierarchy and he, as any other African, distinguished noblemen (who could not be slaves) and others (who could be sold and bought). Apart from this, the captain did not concentrate on Africans’ sorrows and often regarded trade as something positive for slaves. Thus, the captain notes that Negroes often jump into water trying to escape and drown in the majority of cases. The captain seems to fail to understand why this happens as he believes that the conditions of slaves in the new lands are “much better there than in their own country” (Phillips 626). He comes to the conclusion that they are simply homesick as “home is home” (Phillips 626). It is also noteworthy
Introduction The Progressive era in the United States which lasted from 1890 to 1920 was known for two things, namely that it was a period of progressive social movement and change that sought to reform many aspects of the country such as the government and economy. It was also known as the era of Prohibition where in their zeal to completely revolutionize all aspects of American society the Progressives, as they were known, actually caused a large percentage of the population to turn to illegal and downright criminal behavior. This divergent set of events came as a result of the various reform movements that Progressives both within and outside of the government were trying to achieve. Start of the Progressive Movement It must be noted that initially the Progressive movement began as a social movement within various local areas which slowly progressed towards the national level. It attempted to address issues such as poverty, racism and class warfare under the assumption that most of society’s problems could actually be “fixed” by initiating social and political reforms (Leonard, 207). This involved providing a far reaching education system for all classes, a safe environment for communities and families through political and social reform and finally an efficient workplace where anyone who wished to work would be able to earn a decent living (Leonard, 210). The Progressive movement actually had far reaching effects which can still be felt to this day such as setting into motion concepts related to corporate monitoring, allowing women and minorities to vote and finally combating public fears against the supposed evils of immigration. While such methods of attempted reform can be considered largely positive it was only when the Progressives attempted to tackle vices that led to the movement’s greatest mistake. The Era of Prohibition The era of Prohibition, which consisted of outlawing the sale and manufacturing of alcohol, was actually started by various religious groups who rode on the coattails of the Progressive movement stating the “social harm” that alcohol had on the general population. As a result, the ban on alcohol achieved success by 1917 resulting in a general ban on its sale and production. Despite the ban on alcohol a significant percentage of the local population still demanded the product which as a result caused many of them to either illegally manufacture it themselves or resort to smuggling it into the U.S (Beshears, 198). Millions of dollars were spent on preventing alcohol from reaching U.S. borders which further encouraged people to smuggle even more into the country due to the high prices they commanded. In fact the era of Prohibition actually caused more alcohol to be consumed as compared to when the ban was not in place (Beshears, 200). As a result of the overzealousness of the Progressives a large percentage of the American population cou
Depreciation is a form of annual income tax deduction that allows you to recover the expense or other value of such property throughout its use. Section 179 of the United States Internal Revenue Code enables business owners to take an immediate tax deduction on the cost of depreciable business equipment (Department of the Treasury Internal Revenue Service, 2021). If your company owns property that qualifies for Section 179 deductions, asset depreciation helps save money on taxes. According to Section 179, an individual must qualify for it across several requirements to acquire a tax deduction. For the tax year 2021, all companies that buy, fund, or lease new or used business equipment may be eligible for the Section 179 Deduction (Section 179 Tax Deduction for 2020, 2021). Apart from the person’s eligibility, the property must also qualify for the tax deduction. The estate must be eligible and tangible and must have been purchased for business purposes (Department of the Treasury Internal Revenue Service, 2021). There are limits on the total amount written off – $1,050,000 and the total amount of equipment purchased – $2,620,00. If a company spends $2,620,000 in sales, the deduction starts to phase out on a dollar-for-dollar basis, making it an accurate small and medium-sized business deduction (Section 179 Tax Deduction, 2021). If the company expects a high profit in the coming years, the investor will be better off deducting the machinery’s expense over its useful life to lower potential taxable profits. Furthermore, since the deduction cannot exceed $500,000, the taxpayer can opt to subtract the payment throughout its useful life (Department of the Treasury Internal Revenue Service, 2021). Therefore, these reasons may serve as a foundation for not choosing Section 179 deduction if the property were eligible.
The story revolves around a woman who seeks vengeance against betrayal by her lover. The play is set in the city of Corinth where the lady Medea has been invited to by Jason following the Golden Fleece. Jason decides to leave her for another woman, Glauce whose father happens to be a King. In the opening scene of the play, Medea is beating herself over the loss and present to console her is an elderly nurse. The nurse tries to console her and she is afraid that Medea might end up harming herself and her kids. King Creon, Glauce’s father has gotten wind of the incident and he shows up with the intention of sending her to exile. He is extremely afraid of what she might do. Later, Jason arrives, sits her down and tries to explain his actions. He justifies what he did saying that it would have been unreasonable for him to let the chance to marry a princess pass him by. Medea is barbarian and according to Jason, there is no pride in marrying her. He however supposes that in the future he could consolidate the two households and maintain Medea as a mistress. He promises to take care of her even after he is married to the princess. Medea and fellow women do not trust his word and she goes ahead to remind him that she moved away from her people on his account and that she was her salvation from the dragon. In the succeeding scenes, the King of Athens pays Medea a visit and he is saddened by the fact that he does not have children. Medea promises to help his wife conceive as long as he promises to offer her protection. As scenes unfold, Medea strategizes on how best to kill King Creon and his daughter Glauce. She finally decides to poison them by placing some toxic substances in the royal robes. She hopes that both father and daughter will be poisoned once they put on the attires. She also plans to kill both her children as an act of revenge against Jason. Her plot to kill King Creon and Glauce materializes and she also manages to murder her two sons. Knowing very well that Jason will be looking to kill her after the heinous actions
Introduction The industrial and economic growth of any country depends solely on the contribution from the government of the time. In this case, Australia is not exceptional. Any industrial establishment works based on the Human Resource Management theories, which can be divided into three: cultural theory, environmental theory, and leadership management theory. It is from the three theories that the governing laws of most business establishment are drawn. The cultural theory encompasses the cultural change of the people at the time. The environmental theory looks vividly at the organizational domain. Does the company offer the best atmosphere for the betterment of its workers? The leadership management theory is the most important since it gives an outlook of interaction between the management and the workers. It is on leadership and management theory that the government’s contribution is highly recognised. The laws and by-laws set by the sitting government depend primarily on this theory. This paper discusses the role the governments have played in the establishment of the Australian systems of employment relations since 1980. The government has actively participated in the establishment of laws and bylaws that impose checks on the impeachments on the workers. The government has been on the forefront in setting up the laws that allow the establishment of acts of parliament, commissions, unions and associations among other obligations taken by the government to ensure industrial expansion for economic growth. Acts and Accords The government regulatory policy on the fair working condition between the employer and the employee relies on the Acts established and passed b
Immanuel Kant argues that ethics is based on reason. I find Kant’s argument to be very convincing. In this essay, I will first summarize the argument. I will discuss an objection that one can possibly raise. I will reveal a serious hidden flaw in the objection. Finally, I will consider a possible rejoinder to my criticism and explain why it also fails. To the best of my knowledge, the most powerful argument that Kant makes for rationality states as follows: 1. If every person makes false promises in order to get out of their problems, then all people will not trust each other’s promises.2. If all people do not trust each other’s promises, no one will get out of his or her difficulties by making false promises.3. Therefore, if every person makes false promises in order to get out of their difficulties, no one can get out of his or her difficulties by making false promises. In the a rgument, Kant’s propositions would be valid given that all the premises were true. Kant states that, for an action to be morally good, it does not necessarily have to conform to moral law but rationality. It should however be done for the sake of law. His first premise postulates that rationality is the only virtue that can be conceived as right without justification. People should not make false promises as they may not be trusted. Kant therefore explains that if all people made false promises, then, no one would trust and help each other. His argument postulates that the virtue of reason is important in enhancing all other virtues. Others virtues like courage, talents and temperament may fail to be right. Kant advances the notion that fortunes such as riches, health and honor arouse pride and false presumptions. Without the reason to correct their influences on the mind, nothing would ever be right. Good that is normally done for the attainment of a desired end does not render it acceptable. Reason is simply acceptable in its own right. The two arguments seem to concur that morals are enshrined in reason as far as the will is determined. It would therefore be right to deduce that if reason would be judged while disregarding its expected effects, conformity to law would generally be served by reason as its principle. I would have a good basis to agree with Kant that ethics is based on reason. I think this argument would also be reasonable. Some people might regard the goodwill premise as problematic. They might even argue that it is false. For instance, they might ask, “Why do right if it is not doing good to yourself?” and, “Why consider the effects of your actions on others?” Sometimes, doing good means you have to reap a lot from it as a person. I
Abstract The report provides a study done for the trait of corn color for a monohybrid cross of two breeds of corn plants. The results were analyzed to find the distribution of Chi square and the degrees of freedom were also verified. Introduction The breeding corn plant had Alleles that had dominant blue color of the corn. The recessive color of the corns was yellow. The paper has examined the distribution of the dominant and recessive color of the corns. Method A monohybrid cross is done by breeding two parents that each breed true for different forms of a single trait. The trait investigated in this lab is corn kernel color. The two forms of kernel color studied here are Blue and Yellow. Corn is a good organism for this type of analysis since each grain (i.e., kernel) represents an independent offspring and lots of kernels are easily observed. We start with a plant homozygous for blue kernels and cross it with a plant homozygous for yellow kernels. The offspring that result from this cross are called hybrids and are the F1 generation. When two individuals from the F1 generation are crossed, the offspring is called the F2 generation. F1 kernels are all blue, while F2 kernels show some blue and some yellow kernels. By inspecting the progeny from the crosses, two hypotheses appear to be true. Sample size was 68 and three sets of observations were made. Results and Calculation The results were tabulated as shown in the following table.                                                                          F1           F2           F3                                                                                   Blue         Yellow       Blue         Yellow    Blue      Yellow   Observed (o)                                                             55           13           47           21        56        12       Expected (e)                                                             51           17           51           17        51        17       (o – e)                                                                  4            -4           4            4         5         -5       [subtract e from o in each column]                                                                                                           (o – e)2                                                                 16           16           16           16        25        25       [square the value in the column above this one]                                                                                              o – e)2/e                                                                0.313725     0.941176     0.313725     0.941176  0.490196  1.470588 [divide the value in the column above this one above by e]                                                                                   Χ2 = Σ of all (o – e)2/e, that is,….                                     1.254901961  1.254901961  1.960784
Introduction Human decision making can be considered a highly complex process that involves numerous stages, factors and internal mechanisms despite its apparent instantaneous nature. Researchers such as Chen-Bo (2011) explains that decision making itself is a reactionary process based on an assortment of internal and external factors which cause an individual to make a choice (Chen-Bo, 2011). This can range from something as simple as choosing what type of clothes to wear to more complex situations such as corporate planning and development. Despite the intricacies involved in the decision making process, it can actually be reduced into 5 distinct stages, namely: Situation The situation stage is considered the initial stage of the decision making process since it is where a person is presented within a particular choice. This is based off of the reactionary process described by Chen-Bo (2011) wherein an internal or external circumstance causes a person to make a choice. Sijun et al. (2012) attempts to explain this particular stage in the decision making process by explaining that situations occur in an individual’s life on a daily basis and, as such, without situations occurring there would be no decision making processes at all due to the necessity of having things occur to actually have the need to make a decision (Sijun et al., 2012). Sijun et al. (2012) points to the argument that in a perfectly static world the necessity of making a decision would not be necessary due to the unchanging nature of both people and the environment, however, since the world is dynamic, numerous situations occur on a daily basis thus necessitating the need to make a decision. This validates the assertions made by Chen-Bo (2011) which states that decision making is a dynamic reactive process. Option When it comes to the option stage of the decision making process, Stewart & Hess (2011) states that all decisions made are done within the context of options that are limited by an individual’s knowledge about a particular situation (Stewart & Hess, 2011). This means that when making a decision it is usually the case that it is based on how an individual interprets the potential results of the action th
Resort description Resort All Inclusive is a 3-stars hotel that recently entered the Mediterranean Basin hotel industry. The hotel is strategically located at Mallorca Island. The hotel industry in Mallorca has been characterized by rampant growth over the past decades as a result of increment in the rate of tourism in the region (Buswell, 2009). Decision to locate the resort at Mallorca was motivated by the need to exploit the tourism resources in the Mediterranean Basin. According to Buswell (2009), Mallorca is characterized by physical resources that are significant in development of tourism. The main resources include beaches, vegetation and fascinating mountains. To attract both local and international customers, Resort All Inclusive is committed at ensuring that clients attain a high level of customer satisfaction. To attract and accommodate a large number of customers, the resort has 4 buildings that have a total of 600 rooms. The rooms are specially designed and furnished to give an appealing ambience. Jenkins and Pigram (2006) are of the opinion that resorts should offer a range of leisure, shopping, transport, recreation, accommodation and entertainment facilities. Inclusion of these components is fundamental in attracting and retaining tourists. This arises from the fact that customers have diverse tastes and preferences. Firms’ management team should undertake a comprehensive market research in order to develop a comprehensive understanding of customer needs. The research should focus on both the consumer and the competitor. The resort has incorporated a number of entertainment facilities which include a football courtyard, table tennis, 4 swimming pools, a volleyball court and a mini golf court. Additionally, the resort is also constituted of 3 restaurants, 1 oriental thematic restaurant, 3 bars, a pizzeria, snack bar and a barbecue. Corporate mission Most businesses derive their success from adhering to the set objectives and principles outlined in their mission statement. The mission statement guides the various activities undertaken by businesses (Kazmi, 2008). In the course of its operation, the resort is guided by an effective mission that entails providing unique hospitality experience to customers. The resort intends to achieve this by offering high quality services to customers in addition to promoting a business environment that is fosters a high level of friendship, openness and comfort. To improve its public image, the resort has incorporated the principles of environmental responsibility and sustainability. Objectives and goals One of the aspects that the resort’s management team has identified being critical in its quest to attain competitiveness entails creating sufficient market awareness. Consequently, the resort intends to develop a comprehensive marketing campaign. The campaign is aimed at attaining a number of financial and non-financial objectives as outlined below.  1. To provide the resort’s owners with reasonable return on their i