ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The Internet is increasingly becoming a breeding ground for pedophiles. This research paper is based on literature review and intended to identify the specific challenges facing crime preventers such as law enforcement officers, parents and concerned communities while dealing with cyber pedophiles. The study has a literature review section, where data from other researches and studies is gathered, a research findings section, where I have documented the information collected and a recommendations section where I have stated some of the ways that can be used by the parents and the law enforcement agents in order to detect and bring pedophiles to justice. The current day pedophiles rake through internet sites, chat rooms and newsgroups in search of an easy target. This is unlike the pre-internet age when like minded criminals would prey upon children on open playgrounds and schools. The internet provides the cyber pedophiles with the anonymity and the extra confidence required to go about their evil plans with a slim chance of identification and prosecution. The internet also provides them with a mode through which they can build confidence among their targeted children in preparation for the physical encounter. Pedophiles bold enough to manipulate their children targets sexually use pornographic materials where children are featured in order to justify their actions to the child and prove to the child that sex is not after all a negative thing (Dixon 1). In view of the increasing risks posed to children by the cyber predators, different government have reacted to the situation through passing relevant laws that would enhance bringing the perpetrators to justice and more importantly, detecting predators before they commit a crime hence preventing more children from abuse. In Britain for example, the police have been given the mandate to “track and capture” that lure children on the internet with the intention of committing sexual crimes to them (Dixon 1). It is noteworthy that cyber predators do not identify themselves as adults. Often, they will lurk in forums that are popular with their targets and even engage in conversations with the children pretending to be one of them (Dixon 6). In the developed countries (incidentally pedophile crimes are higher in the developed countries due to the wide spread use of the internet by children), the law enforcement officers have realized the need to use similar tactics to detect the pedophiles. While parents would play a vital role in warning and hence preventing their children from falling prey to the pedophiles, Dixon notes that most parents are either too busy doing other things rather than watching and guiding their children, or are simply technologically challenged hence lacking the means to moni
Darius Palace in Persepolis The parade of nations at Darius Palace in Persepolis is probably one of the most outstanding monuments that depict the accomplishment of the Achaemenid Empire. The structure is astounding when we consider the time Darius constructed it. It required extensive labor force to construct the building. Nonetheless, the extensive empire could not fall short of labor. From Ethiopia to Armenia, the king conquered many nations implying that labor was not a problem for the empire. What stands out in the palace is the artistic work used to decorate the structure. The carvings were precise and they fit into the building perfectly. By constructing such a palace therefore, the Achaemenid Empire had gifted artists and painters whose work did not disappoint. Away from the impeccable works of art that characterize the palace, the palace also reveals the cultural and political aspects of the empire. First, it is apparent that different people and nations presented the king with diverse gifts. The conquered nations repeated the ritual every year. At the beginning of every spring, all nations presented the king with distinctive gifts from their respective countries. This is in lieu of the fact that the empire had nations and people who came from different areas that are endowed with different resources. For instance, the palace depicts people of Caspian Sea with magnificent Bactrian camels. They bring cups as gifts to the king. To the contrary, people from poor nations offer low cost gifts to the king including animal skins and rams. This example explains the diversity of the empire and cultures of different people. Politically, the depiction of Persian soldiers with chariots and different headdresses confirm the political authority of the king. Despite the ability of the other empires to revolt against the king, they humbly present the king with horses and wear distinctive dresses. As such, it is important to highlight that the king wielded overwhelming powers and authority. With this kind of power, the Persian ruler was able to consolidate his rule and solicit loyalty from all people within the empire. The space that all people in the portraits occupy amazes me. The reason is that all animals share equal space. This is similar to the people depicted in the portraits. The palace shows that all people had equal status as long as they were under the rule of the king. As such, no country within the empire could presuppose to have a higher social status since they all served as the subjects of the ruler. This is despite their economic and political distinctiveness. This leadership quality of Darius helped him to pacify any tensions between nations and people. The parade therefore acted as a symbol of unity for the entire empire given that all nations assembled in the palace regardless of their geographica
Introduction Academic dishonesty encompasses a collection of purposeful but intolerable behaviors that are in opposition to the scholastic rules and regulations of any institution or a given course policy well affirmed in its course outline (Tadesse and Getachew, 2009). It covers three broad areas: writing, miscellaneous group and use of visual or oral communication methods. Miscellaneous method involves the use of programs gadgets like calculators, mobile phones, hiding books and lecture notes in toilets. Writing methods cover the use of copy notes, writing on individual’s body, clothes and other hard objects while visual method include: copying of other students’ assignments or works, requesting for answers from other students and having a fake student write your exam. However, plagiarism is the common most form of academic dishonesty while exam cheating being the least in rating. Dishonesty devalues educational standards, lowers learner’s individual identity, university’s reputation, mission and its offered qualification as educational validity depends on truth and principle of equity. Trends, historical precedence Since its first evidence in 1940, academic dishonesty has since gained a lot of attention. Nevertheless, the complexity of academic dishonesty has since increased and shortchanged many institutions and researchers. According to McCabe 2005, the percentage of students reported of not being allowed to work in partnership increased from 1963 levels of 11 percent to 49 percent in 1993. He concluded that there was faculty reluctance in following the institutional policies which they claimed on no enough time and effort, tedious and challenging tasks in its documentation, individual resistance to official penalties, and perspicacity of the faculty becoming the defendant as an alternative to the concerned students. He concluded that academic dishonesty is on the rise and students perceived that most institutions and faculties had failed to institute a strong culture of integrity. It can, therefore, be concluded that cheating rate ranges between 60-80 percent with most American students both in high school and mid-level colleges admitting that cheating is their usual practice. In fact, McCabe acknowledges that over 75 percent of college students have cheated at least once in their education lifetime; nevertheless, more than a half does not consider it as wrongdoing. In fact, one online term paper writing center received over 80,000 clients per day (The Center for Academic Integrity, 1999). It can clearly be concluded that this device is at the pick and will continue to increase to eternity. At Simon Fraser University, academic integrity is considered a serious issue and result in e
Thesis statement: With the increasing levels of criminally assaulting behavior in the USA and other countries caused by media violence, it is assumed that the relevant laws have a significant potential for reducing the scale of violent conduct among minors and adults Introduction What is media violence and why is it a critical issue? For the last decades, the problem of media violence has become one of the most urgent ones since movies, computer games, the Internet, and other sources have brought virtual harassment to the next level. That is to say, violent entertainment is becoming more realistic. The technological advancement has led to the fact that interactive violence can be faced almost every time a person turns to any modern electronic device. According to Stanhope and Lancaster (2014), parents, teachers, and psychologists are concerned that violence is not only widely displayed by media but also becomes accepted as normal since it is so frequently met and realistic (computer games are particularly addictive, which implies that observing negative or abusive content gradually becomes a part of daily routine). The reaction of the government to the increasing levels of violence caused by media To gain control of the negative tendency and influence the situation, the government has initiated Media Violence laws (Grossman & Degaetano, 2014). Despite the existing practices, which proved to be ineffective, the state has attempted to promote such initiatives that would be more rigid. History of media violence legislation and current practices Motion Picture Production Code (Hays Code) of 1934 The Code covered the limitations and restrictions in terms of violent scenes and manslaughter. It was abolished in 1968. The Computer Decency Act and Telecommunications Act of 1996 Telecommunications Act was enacted to regulate the flow of materials transmitted by TV and the Internet. Communications Decency Act was aimed at controlling the materials that could potentially transmit indecent content; however, it was abolished due to a number of challenges faced (Grossman & Degaetano, 2014). Successful censorship in other countries The experience of China. The experience of European countries. The controversy and challenges raised by opposing parties Adults, psychologists, and concerned people stress the negative consequences of media violence on the psyche of underage children and emphasize the increase in offense levels caused by the wide coverage of various violent acts by the media (Gentile, 2014). Some researchers claim that violence displayed by video games and TV has no or min
The anthropological film by Linda Connor, Patsy Asch and Timothy Asch called “Jero: A Balinese Trance Séance” is very interesting from the scientific point of view. Its purpose was to record a real ritual held by the medium and requested by the family that wanted to communicate with the spirits of their deceased relatives and to deities. According to the film, such practices are very common in the culture of Bali. The authenticity of such rituals has been argued about for generations. Mediums are not a local phenomenon. They exist all around the world, in every culture and every religion. The idea of communication with the spirits of the dead people, asking them questions, solving the mysteries connected to their death and its causes, listening to their prophesies is the practice that is tempting for millions of people living in the Western society. The film about Jero, the Balinese medium, is designed to document her professional performance, catch the details of the ritual on tape and present it from the anthropological point of view, the filmmakers do not perform any analysis during the film, they do not comment of the ritual or the purpose behind it, their idea is to show this aspect of Balinese culture the way it originally is without applying any modern understanding to it. The significant feature of the film is the way its directors treat the culture of Bali and its specific features. The scientists approach the religious beliefs and world perception of Balinese people with an open mind. The anthropologists comment on the ritual objectively, they do not analyze or judge, but they also present the background story of the issue that is being discussed between the medium and her customers. The scientists that worked on this film followed the principle of cultural relativism. They do not analyze the practice of trance séance, its authenticity and the validity of information and advice communicated by the medium during the procedure. The scientists inform the viewer about the medical interpretation of the cause of death of the seven year old boy, whose spirit the family came to talk to. They also inform the audience about the history of Jero before she became a medium. This is done in order to demonstrate the holistic approach towards the culture of Bali and the beliefs of its people. People’s religion and understanding of the world, the ways human body works, the causes of death and illnesses – all these aspects make the mediums and trance séances so popular there. This practice is shown as a small part of the general attitude of Balinese people towards nature and forces in the universe as well as their self-identification. Even though the film objectively presents the Balinese way of living as natural an
Introduction The air travel industry in which Singapore Airlines operates is prone to volatilities and disruptions that don’t augur well for business. The effects of the global financial crisis, high fuel prices, and security issues such as terrorism and epidemic outbreaks have resulted in a decline in profits in the industry (Yosef, 2006). Singapore Airlines has however maintained a strong recovery path registering improved earnings in the 2010/2011 year. In this report, the income statement of Singapore airlines will be the subject of analysis. The company’s performance will be measured through a comparison of its inflow and outflow of assets as reported in the financial statement. Analysis According to the financial statement of the company, Singapore Airlines group achieved a net profit of $1092 million in the 2010/2011 financial year. Asset outflows of the company for the year ending April 2011 equaled $13, 253.5 million compared to 12, 644.1 million for the same period in the previous year, representing a positive growth of + 4.8%. Asset inflows for the financial year ending April 2011 were $14, 524.8 million compared with $12, 707.3 million for the same period the previous year. This marked a positive increase of +14.3%. The income statement also details the revenue achieved by the company section of the group. The overall asset inflow of the company was $11, 739.1 million while the overall asset outflow was at $10, 887.8 million. The profit after taxation for the company was $1,011.2 million. The value addition at both group and company level was positive with that of the company level being +37.8%. The revenue figures posted by Singapore Airlines show both the top-line and bottom-line growth of the company is on
Introduction The music video chosen for the analysis is “Return to Innocence” by Enigma. It belongs to the dance and electronic music genre. This song was popular more than a decade ago; nevertheless, its meaning is fundamental and relevant for people living at any time and epoch. The purpose of this paper is to discuss and interpret this song. Movement and Narrative The first aspect that the viewer can notice when watching this music video is the movement. In particular, all movements in the video are done in the reverse order starting from the end to the beginning of the action. Using this approach, the authors of the video were able to transform the narrative structure and bring to the forefront the meaning of the song. It can be argued that by showing the video in the reverse order, the authors wanted to create a series of images of human life in which destructive actions were turned into positive ones. It can be observed when the hand returns the torn apple back to the tree, the scythe raises rye, and the dying man becomes young and meets his bride. The use of the reverse movement provides an opportunity to reflect on the meaning of the song and the lyrics. The movement in the frame also has an inverse chronological order, which represents a person’s life starting with the death of the elderly man and ending with the birth of the baby. Consequently, when utilizing this method, the authors intended to state that people could be returned to innocence since each individual was born a sinless being with pure thoughts. The main aim of the music video is to encourage people to turn to their souls and core, which are good-natured. Therefore, people should behold the beauty that exists in them since birth. Text The text begins together with the music to create the mood immediately. It is rather simple and clear so that the listener does not have to interpret or analyze its content. Nonetheless, the tonal system assists greatly in understanding what the authors intended to achieve when singing the lyrics. In the beginning, the text is pronounced in a soft but clear voice to allow the viewer to reflect on the setting without distraction. The first chorus differs from the next ones. Some parts of the lyrics are whispered but, gradually, the voice becomes stronger and louder as if the singer switches from a reflective mood and intends to make a statement. The text is repeated while the tone becomes more intense. It is possible to assume that through the use of this technique, the singer wanted to persuade the listener to accept his advice, which was to return to innocence. Color All the colors in the music video are soft and natural and no artificial or unnatur
Introduction Many people can consent to the fact that setting goals and achieving them are two different things that are, hypothetically, two poles apart. Setting goals touches on almost every aspect of human life. No person envisions failure in his/her endeavors, rather, they seek success using all available means. The aspect of time management is especially important in personal or group goal-setting. Continuous and often time-oriented decision-making and choice selection characterize human life. Goal setting relies heavily on the wisdom that helps people make sense out of the various practical experiences they go through to make conscious and subconscious decisions in the build-up of motivation that is necessary for the achievement of personal goals. According to Piotrowski (2009), achieving goals takes a great deal of hard work, determination focus, and effective planning. However, not all personal and group goals are met within the set time and context. Piotrowski (2009) says that many factors sometimes hinder and/or delay people from achieving goals they have set. Piotrowski (2009) further says that failure to achieve the goals set is mainly due to the inability to do prope
The dissemination stage is a crucial part of translating EBP research into practice. While the international community agrees that clinicians are to be provided with the best available evidence to deliver high-quality care, the means of transferring the knowledge to front-line employees remains a matter of discussion (Curtis, Fry, Shaban, & Considine, 2016). The barriers to efficient knowledge dissemination include “inadequate clinician behaviour, lack of time, difficulties in developing evidence-based or informed guidelines, a lack of continuing education, and an unsupportive organizational culture” (Curtis et al., 2016, p. 867). However, the identified barriers are connected with local dissemination strategies. The primary method of transferring the findings to fellow clinicians is by publishing the results in reputed journals or participating in conferences. Since the present project aims at serving patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, its results may be reported in journals and conferences discussing the issue. Conferences are not required to be located in the US since the proceedings of the conferences are usually available online so that clinicians all over the world can use it. There are fifteen international conferences concerning diabetes planned for 2020 (“Diabetes and endocrinology conferences,” 2019). The closest one will be held in Vancouver, Canada, which is expected to have mor
Introduction The immune system is an important system in the human body because it helps in the prevention of infections and the destruction of pathogens. The immune system comprises immune molecules, immune cells, tissues, and organs, which collectively function in the prevention of infections and the destruction of pathogens. Usually, when pathogens enter the body, the immune system recognizes them as antigens, which elicit an immune response (Ohls & Yoder 2008). The ability of the immune system to recognize pathogens as antigens determine the nature of the immune response. An immune response normally entails the production of antibodies that are specific to pathogens recognized by the immune system as antigens. Fundamentally, the immune system of an individual can respond to pathogens using innate immunity or adaptive immunity. Innate immunity is an inherent capacity of the body to provide a nonspecific immune response to different types of antigens. In contrast, adaptive immunity is an acquired immunity that provides an immune respond that is specific to recognized antigens. In this view, this essay examines poliovirus and adaptive immunity that the body acquires against it during vaccination. Poliovirus Poliovirus is a virus that a person can acquire immunity against it following immunization. It is an enterovirus (RNA virus), which causes poliomyelitis among children. Poliomyelitis is a paralytic disease because poliovirus enters into the central nervous system and damage motor neurons, thus causing permanent paralysis of limbs. Like other viruses, poliovirus enters into the cells and integrates into DNA, thus becoming part of the host’s genome. After integrating into the host’s genome, poliovirus hijacks the transcription and translation machinery of the cells and replicates using it. According to Grassly, Jafari, Bahl, Durrani, Wenger, Sutter, and Ayward (2009), the Global Polio Eradication Initiative recommends the use of trivalent oral polio vaccine (TOPV) in generating adaptive immunity among children. TOPV consists of live polioviruses that have undergone the attenuation process during their production. The attenuation reduces pathogenicity or the virulence capacity of the poliovirus but maintains its capacity to elicit immune responses in the body. Therefore, during vaccination, the introduction of the attenuated poliovirus triggers a primary immune response and primes the immune system to provide a secondary immune