ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction On 13 th April 2006, an upset occurred at Fosters Australia Limited. A 58 year old member of staff by the name of Cuu Huynh was crushed involving a handrail and a machine door operated pneumatically. This machine takes bottles from pallets prior to their filling. Mr. Cuu Huynh died six days later in hospital. This accident happened at foster Australia limited’s Abbotsford brewery plant. Fosters Australia limited was fined $1.125 million on 5 th august 2008, under segment 21 of the act pertaining to occupation health and safety. This was the biggest fee to ever happen in Victoria. Proceeds from beer sales all over the world were high until recently (Kirk, 2003, pp, 42). Background Foster Australia limited is a giant brewery company in the world. The corporation has established 20 plants based in diverse countries. It produces fosters lager, which is the, biggest Australian beer taken by significant proportions across the world. Fosters lager is brewed in nine countries. Statistics expose that over 100 million cases of fosters larger is taken every year. Fosters lager is available in over 150 countries making it the third largest distributing product (Geoffrey & Nickolas, 1994, pp, 167). It provides service to many citizens of Australia both in a direct and circumlocutory mode. Industries in Australia provide service to a large fraction of the populace (Christine, 1992, pp, 222). Contributing factors One contributing factor was when the operators were cleaning the machines or clearing jams. They were supposed to maintain production, so the depalletisers were not stopped. The other factors were mainly on the B1B depalletiser. One was the handrail design section behind the door could result in crushing as an operator can easily get trapped as a result of the clearance. This is adjacent to the ends of the doors. Also on the depalletiser, the hazardous area were not audibly or visibly indicated, most importantly, the opening of the doors. The other factor was the definition or signing of the emergency stops of the machine was not done in a suitable way. Another contributing factor was that an operator could be trapped due to spaces created by the unguarded chain sprockets. Workers standing on adjacent steel plates not interlocked were avoiding the aluminum tread plates that stopped the depalletiser from operating when interlocked on contact (Victorian government reporting service, 2008, pp, 4). Accident On 13 th April 2006, at the foster Australia limited’s Abbotsford brewer
Race describes classification of human into distinct groups by considering factors such as heritable phenotypic characteristics or geographic ancestry. It is influenced by such traits as appearance, culture, ethnicity, and socio-economic status of individuals. Race in ancient Egypt In the Ancient Egypt, there was minimal consideration in terms of race. Majority of population were black individuals, while the entire world was devoid of racism. Importantly, the dark skin was never seen as a sign of being inferior, this being depicted by the entire artworks from the ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome. Civilization originated from Western countries, when the European powers colonized Africa in the nineteenth century. This resulted to the introduction of numerous adverse effects within the black community. The black pharaohs sprang from African civilization that had flourished on the southern banks of the Nile, and reunified and filled the landscape with glorious monuments. Western scholars began to pay attention to the skin tone of Egyptian individuals, as they viewed the blacks as being primitive and inferior compared to the white explorers. It is believed that all ancient Egyptians, from King Tut to Cleopatra, were black Africans. They ruled Ancient Egypt for thousands of years, after conquering non-black rule and accomplishing numerous tasks. Moreover, the stability of Egypt was always restored by the black leaders from the south. Ancient Egyptians had no racial distinctions between their populations, and they acknowledged and depicted the distinct differences that existed between themselves and the Libyans, Asiatic, Persians, Greeks, and Romans. Due to race infiltration in Egypt, majority of the black people were under-educated and denied the facts that spelled out the true history of Ancient Egypt, achievements of the black population, and their original works and practices. This was being spearheaded and promoted by the Europeans and Arab invaders. Racism affected the research process and findings, as most of the findings were only attributed to the whites, including their works. Moreover, various artifacts and certain achievements by the blacks were changed to depict the whites as being supreme. The black population was regarded as having no influence on development of early civilization in Egypt, although they had the greatest influence in majority of the developments that had taken place in the ancient times. Racism was distributed across generations of teachers, students, and the public through misinformation of various known facts that described true black Africans. Ancient Egypt was full of numerous artifacts that existed from the ancient times. These were made and designed by native Africans and later discovered by the white explorers who came as a result of colonization within Ancient Egypt, including the discovery of seven large stone statues of Nubian pharaohs, various portraits of blacks that were changed to
Introduction There are numerous short stories that deal with the concept of home and how it applies in unfamiliar environments. The two stories compared in this analysis, “Borders” by Thomas King and “Why I Live at the P.O.” by Eudora Welty, look at such situations from different perspectives. The former deals with how life in a different location with a new culture can change people and communities within the span of a generation. The latter is about a girl and her conflict with her family, which eventually leads her to leave her home and start living at the post office. This essay compares the perspectives of the two stories on home and its relationship with the person. Home as the Community “Borders” takes a bold stance on the issue of the community and one’s allegiance to it. Laetitia’s mother views the Blackfoot society, divided between the United States and Canada, as a group that takes priority over everything else (King). She refuses to consider herself or her daughter a citizen of either country and declares her nationality as that of her clan, leading to issues with the border guards. The misunderstanding is only resolved once reporters and officials become involved, and until then, the mother and daughter are trapped between the borders of two nations. Afterward, however, the guards do not challenge the two due to the publicity and the attention of the authorities that the case attracted. Unlike the example above, the heroine of “Why I Live at the P.O.” does not show much loyalty to her household or her general community. She values outside news that can be acquired through radio or mail, a trait that leads to her eventual departure to the post office, where she would be closer to things she enjoys. Her relationship with her family degrades throughout the story, and at the end, her mother, father, and Stella-Rondo declare that they will not use mail, even though some of them rely on it (Welty <“Wah!” says Stella-Rondo. I knew she’d cry. She had a conniption fit right there in the kitchen.>). There are various reasons for the poor opinion the different characters have toward the heroine, which may be skewed by her perspective, but ultimately, she chooses to abandon her home. Laetitia has also chosen to leave her home, but possibly in different circumstances. Her initial decision was not supported by her mother, but eventually, the family grew to forgive her and show pride in the daughter’s ability to sustain herself in an unfamiliar environment alone (King ). The choice was informed by less superficial reasons than those of Welty’s protagonist and showed better planning. She maintains her connection with her family, and at the end, she says she is considering moving back to the reserve (King ), though the statement may have been superficial. The bond is the reason why the mother and daughter go to visit her in the story, leading to their predicament. Home as a Place The heroine of “Why I Live at the P.O.” abandons her home in spirit, but she does not move far from where her family lives. It takes nine trips by wag
Executive Summary The ever-changing global economy calls for new innovations and strategies in organizations in order to maintain competitive advantage. These include training and development of the human resource to enhance productivity and overall business performance. Organizations are taking huge risks by investing heavily on human resource training and development. Business executives view innovation as one of their top most challenges. The main purpose of this study is to explore the role of training professionals in innovation and organizational change. Many studies have found out that training and development is the main instrument for breaking new ground bringing changes in an organization. These changes include change in workers behavior and competency, up holding innovations and adopting new technologies. The best design and strategy in professional training must be all inclusive, continuous in nature and should integrate training with other elements of the organizations. Introduction Overview High performing organizations nowadays are acknowledging the significance of using best training and development systems to improve their competitive advantage in the industry. Training and development of the human resource is a critical factor in any organization if the value and potential of the human resources are to be harnessed and grown). Many studies have underscored the apparent correlation between a soundly designed and strategic training and the overall success of the organization (Cappelli 2000, p.103). The general image of the industry and workers is also influenced by the level and quality of training and development. In our contemporary business climate most companies are faced with stiff competition for their quality staffs (Gronn 2002, p.425). Human resource experts asserts that companies which invests heavily training and development benefits from enriched working environment with low level of staff exodus as well as enhanced productivity and organizational performance (Kuchinke 2001, p.292). Report Purpose The main focus of this report is to identify the role of training and developing professionals in our contemporary competitive business environment, to enhance productivity and overall business performance through innovation. There are challenges associated with developing a well designed business strategy through training. The report will also identify where the senior management always goes wrong in developing these strategies and best possible approaches to employ. The report will come up with the best types of training that can deliver innovation in an organization. Training professional’s role The role of training professionals in today’s businesses, to deliver innovation. In order to maintain a competitive advantage and retention of high quality staff, companies must ensure that training and development of their human resou
Introduction The response to the current educational challenge should be seen as complex as it lies not only in professional skills but in curricular decisions, materials, technology, and the financial and attitudinal aid essential to a successful educational institution. In order to introduce successful remediation plans, it will be important to introduce effective leadership and the principal experienced in setting the goals, climate, and achievement in a school (Ball et al 2000). The principal has, first of all, to be an instructional provider and a professional in testing, curriculum and assessment fields. The remediation plan will be based on and reflect the main principles and standards of the national education system and the state curriculum recommendations. Plan The first step in remediation plan is gap analysis. This step will help to evaluate skills deficiency and weaknesses of the current curriculum, assessment and instructions. The aim of this step is to ensure effective standards and ongoing development program for administrators, teachers, administrative staff, and parents. For teachers gap analysis means, through initial teacher education, evaluation of the knowledge they now possess. Then, to stay abreast of new standards that emerge from research, educators in the field need continuing service so that new ideas can be translated into daily practice (Earwaker 2004). The second step is development of the standards and new programs for the school. This level will involve analysis of the differences between current level of assessment and instructions, and desired one. Though it is a costly part of the educational budget, money spent on continuing changes represents most likely the single most valuable investment; and teachers must educate their school boards about this significant dividend to avoid pressures to short-change it. The motive for listing curriculum (what to teach) after leadership, service, and instruction (how to teach) is not because the former is less significant. To teach well that which is not worth the effort is an educational failing parallel to teaching ineffectively to the most goals. Because “how to teach” is a newer art, the difference between knowledge and performance is greater (Minnich, 2006). Externally, curriculum should reflect general rules and principles of education. Internally, curriculum should reflect internal needs of the institutions and its main goals. If schools really accomplished what is in most curriculum guides, educators would be considerably ahead of where they are now in education. It is essential that school teachers and parents agree u
Introduction One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest was the result of Ken Kesey’s interest in the relations among sanity, insanity, and consciousness-altering drugs. He began writing the novel while employed as psychiatric ward attendant. Later he volunteered to take such drugs as LSD and peyote as a research subject. Kesey wrote the novel under the influence of peyote and LSD. (Carnes, 112) It is an indictment of American culture more than it is of mental institutions. It attacks conformity and established authority in a dense style replete with myths, parables, and ironic commentaries. Few contemporary novels achieved the status of classics or received such notoriety so quickly. The 1962 novel established Kesey’s literary reputation overnight by calling public attention to the conditions and potential for abuse in the nation’s mental hospitals, where electroshock therapy and even lobotomy were still standard practices. (Porter, 127) Literary Analysis One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest is a tragic yet inspirational account of one man’s self-sacrifice in a struggle against hypocrisy and oppression. Set on a ward of a mental hospital in Oregon, the novel depicts characters that could be found in many settings and a conflict between authoritarianism and individualism that is truly universal. Ken Kesey tells the story through the eyes of Chief Bromden, a longtime patient who is uniquely knowledgeable about hospital routines and procedures and privy to staff secrets. As important as what Chief knows is what he does not know; he can only infer Randle McMurphy’s motives, a process of discovery that gives the novel its focus. A paranoid schizophrenic, Bromden reports his hallucinations faithfully; while they cannot be taken literally, they do make sense. As Chief says, his story is “the truth, even if it didn’t happen.” (Thomas, 19) The action begins when McMurphy is admitted to Nurse Ratched’s ward for observation. Authorities at the prison farm where he had been a convict are not sure whether he is a psychopath or merely a malingerer. On the ward, McMurphy proves himself to be a master manipulator, hustling his fellow patients in card games and persistently challenging the authority of Nurse Ratched. (John, 89) The patients quickly accept him as a leader and begin to see him as their champion. Nurse Ratched is infuriated by this challenge to her authority, but she bides her time. McMurphy finds out that because he has been officially committed, Nurse Ratched and the hospital staff control his release, and he becomes mo
Abstract Examination is an important primary health care service for pregnant women. Such examinations are the most common health care services among pregnant women. Many women undergo gynecological examinations during their pregnancy. There are many reasons for performing gynecological examination, which include “pregnancy diagnosis, gynecological screening and as a measure in the differential diagnosis” (Brand, Walker, Hargreaves and Rosenbach, 2010). However, some studies have established unique cultural issues that prevent women from gaining access to gynecological examinations. For instance, Brand and other researchers (2010) noted that doctors confronted cultural practices that opposed MHC (maternal and child health) best practices. One study indicated that cultural beliefs did not allow doctors to examine pregnant women. This research focuses on cultural beliefs and doctors’ examination of pregnant women and shows implications for health care providers. Introduction Culture is a way of life among a given population. Consequently, effects of cultural issues on the provision of primary health care services have affected both patients and care providers. Therefore, many studies have suggested that good health care providers should learn about cultural issues among patients they serve. It is important to note that we have wide variations among existing cultures. Consequently, it is necessary for health care providers to understand general health beliefs among cultural groups they serve. Gynecological examination is necessary to identify undesirable outcomes of pregnancies. Antenatal care (ANC) has been effective in detecting problems associated with pregnancies. Such examinations are necessary means of reducing maternal mortality and allowing pregnant women to gain access to many forms of health care services. Health examinations enable women to have information that can improve their health status and those of their unborn babies (Agus and Horiuchi, 2012). At the same time, ANC provides opportunities for women to identify potential dangers and seek immediate medical assistance from health care providers. In developed countries, women have embraced ANC and gynecological examination due to lack of cultural barriers. Therefore, the numbers of women seeking such health care services are high. On the other hand, women who uphold their traditional beliefs may not seek health care providers during their pregnancies. Such cultural practices are unique to given regions, but have the same consequences i.e., they limit chances of women gaining access to MHC best practices. Unique Cultural Issue: a doctor should not examine pregnant woman Not many studies have concentrated on cultural beliefs that assert ‘a doctor should not examine a pregnant woman’. However, Brand and fellow researchers (2010) noted that there were cultural practices that did not allow doctors to examine pregnant women in one of their studies. According to these authors, such cultural beliefs contradicted MCH best practices. These researchers wanted to note
Introduction Osawa and his colleagues (2009) wrote an article titled ‘ Diabetes and hypertension markedly increased the risk of ischemic stroke associated with high serum resistin concentration in a general Japanese population: The Hisayama Study .’ It was published on November 18, 2009, in the issue of Cardiovascular Diabetology. In this article, the authors were studying the relationship between the concentration of serum resistin and heart disease. They also investigated its association with ischemic stroke. The authors concluded that individuals, who have high concentrations of resistin and suffer from a condition such as hypertension or diabetes, are most likely to suffer an ischemic stroke. Therefore, a high level of serum resistin is one of the factors that cause ischemic stroke. Summary Several authors have studied the effects of the concentrations of resistin in the human body. Many have suggested that it may facilitate the occurrence of cardiovascular disease (Osawa, 2009). This is due to the fact that resistin is associated with the occurrence of atherosclerosis. This is usually associated with the issues of the heart. The authors of this article wanted to investigate this matter as it occurs among the Japanese people. Therefore, they narrowed it down to the Hisayama town. They further narrowed it down to individuals aged at least 40 years old. A certain criterion was used to eliminate those who were not viable for the study. These include the persons who had already taken breakfast. Those who did not have enough sera stored were also eliminated. Several health assessment procedures a
Definition of the Specialization of Industrial Organizational Psychology (IOP) I/O psychology is a subfield of psychology, which is concerned with the application of the principles of psychology in the workplace (Aamodt, 2010; Bernstein, 2013; Helms & Rogers, 2011). More specifically, I/O psychologists are actively engaged in the study of human behaviors and mental processes within different organizational settings (Bernstein, 2013). Accordingly, the goal of I/O psychology is to use scientific research to enhance productivity and well-being in the workplace. On the other hand, the purpose of I/O psychology is to improve human dignity and occupational performance and to advance the knowledge of human behaviors and mental processes (Aamodt, 2010). Subfields of I/O Psychology  1. Personnel psychology – It involves job analysis, recruitment, employee selection, salary level determination, employee training, and evaluation of employee performance.  2. Organizational psychology – It entails organizational leadership, job satisfaction, employee motivation, organizational communication, conflict management, organizational change, and group processes within the organization.  3. Human Factors/Ergonomics – It involves workplace design, human-machine interactions, ergonomics, and physical fatigue or stress (Aamodt, 2010).  1.  I/O Psychology Settings I/O psychologists work in a variety of settings whereby they carry out a wide range of activities including consultation, administration, and research among others. The following is a list of some of the major settings whereby I/O psychologists can find employment: Approximately 42 per cent work in academic institutions; 6 per cent work in private practice; 21 per cent are employed in consulting firms; and 25 per cent work in different organizations and businesses (Helms & Rogers, 2011). The Major Trainings required at Various Levels in I/O Psychology The following is a list of educational requirements and training programs at different levels of I/O psychology:  1. Bachelor’s Degrees: This is the minimum entry point into a career in I/O psychology and most people with a bachelor’s degree can get employment in human resource management (HRM) departments across different institutions. However, in order to advance in an I/O psychology career, one should pursue higher education, and probably acquire a master’s or doctoral degree. In most institutions of higher education, it is a requirement for students to have a grade point average (GPA) of more than 3.0 at the undergraduate level and at least 1000 points on the Graduate Record Exam (GRE) before being admitted into a master’s or doctoral degree (Aamodt, 2010).  2. Master’s Training Program: Training at the master’s level takes about 40 hours of coursework with a 15-18 hours semester load and a 9-12 hours full graduate load. Additionally, students undertaking a master’s degree in I/O psychology may be required to conduct original research (thesis) by the second year of s