ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
There has always been a place for valuable objects in people’s minds; indeed, the material assets of the human world have allowed to define the value of a number of things, finally leading to the invention of money. Being one of the most important material elements in the human world, valuable objects, therefore, have been mentioned or referred to in a number of human creations and works of art, one of which is literature. Despite the fact that the representations of valuable or treasured objects in Beowulf , Milton’s Paradise Lost , Spencer’s Faerie Queene , and Pope’s Rape of the Lock are completely different from each other, the three still offer a common idea about the place which these valuable or treasured objects take in people’s lives, which makes a common thread in all three poems. To start with, the representation of the treasured and valuable objects in Beowulf is rather obvious from the very start of the poem; it is obvious that the characters focus on the secular values. The latter can be considered the result of paganism, the belief which all characters of Beowulf hold to from the very start of the poem. However, as the novel progresses, the beliefs of the character change in a rather radical manner; as Hill explains, the characters are gradually converted from pagans to Christians, which causes a drastic change in the assessment of their values. However, as Hill explains, the characters of Beowulf are not to be judged harshly because of the fact that low values were a standard for them: “We look back, then, to days when kings of the Spear-Danes were great, when one could say that they were good, rather than to a time when inadequate values were embraced” (Hill 5). Therefore, it can be considered that Hill discusses moral values of the time in which Beowulf was written than the actual valuable items (McMillen). Moreover, Hill actually makes a connection between time and timeless values in his argument: Without breaking the past-tense framework of his narrative, the poet repeatedly asserts the continuity of time and values between his present and a heroic past that steadily moves from a deep past to those bleak anticipations of a violent future near poem’s end. (Hill 7) To be more exact, in the heroic past, which can be also referred to as the pagan times, the characters of the poem attributed all their deeds either to themselves and their strength, skills, power, intelligence, etc.: “the poet places a Ruler and a Judge of the deeds of each man” (Hill 10), or to the hand of doom. Meanwhile, in the period referred to as the Christian one, the characters start attributing the major events to the power of God: “Happy events testify to God’s benign rule. When referred to God, fateful events are signatures of his judgment. God’s dom cannot be changed by men now any more than it could then” (Hill 8). Hence, the hero ethics dissolves into the appraisal of the supernatural powers, making the characters plunge into the realm of Christianity and its specific humble ethics. It is quite different with the ideas offered by Milton in his Paradise Lost . However, before developing an argument about Mil
Introduction The present day America is definitely not the America which Dr. King had dreamt about with no divide between the blacks and whites or the poor and the rich. The class divide still continues to exist in America even today and “some people in America were to have privileges and rights which were not accorded to others” (Sullivan, 2005; pg. 390). There has never been a “level” playing field for the blacks and reality in America differs from the lofty ideals and speeches held by the top policymakers of the nation. Discussion To begin with, the Sullivan (2005) asserts that “America was not established as a democracy” (pg. 390). The constitution was drafted by the framers in such a manner that only White men who owned acres of land and property would be given the right to voice their opinion and decide the functioning of the government “including the right to vote” (pg. 390), while the working classes, the poor, the blacks were not allowed to take part in these all important decision making processes of the country. The author makes a crucial point here that if the “dream” to provide all Americans the same legal rights, irrespective of their race, color, or financial status, why would the makers of the constitution with great ‘dreams” have begun in the most divisive manner? If the dreams were true then why were equal rights not granted to the people in the original draft of the constitution? Sullivan points that even today the class divide continues to exist in America by the many laws which are framed to benefit only the whites. The author mentions one of the many such laws like the bankruptcy law for private citizens, which makes it difficult for them to declare bankruptcy. While on the other hand, it is no big deal for “corporations to declare bankruptcy, wipe clean the financial slate and get a fresh start” (pg. 390). Sullivan also reflects concern and anger over the fact that due to the rising inflation, American wages “have been on a serious decline” so that workers who are entirely responsible for the production continue to earn less whereas “corporate profits and CEO salaries continue to soar” (pg. 390). Additionally, the facts revealed by Sullivan (2005) affirm that companies like Wal-Mart pay extremely low salaries to their workers, “around seven dollars per hour” and do not provide them any additional benefits. Workers have no rights and are “brutally overworked and underpaid” and have the constant fear of being “terminated any time for any reason” looming over their heads (pg. 390). All these facts anger me and I certainly think that this is obviously not the America which people would want to live in and would want their children to grow up in. Voicing similar concerns Meyers states that politics actually refers to the instant “when people get together to influence government, change their own lives, and change society” (Moyers, 2007; pg. 411). Moyers points to the growing divide in the American society between the rich and the poor and how this divide is widening day by day. Citing example
Alternative sources of healthcare finding The alternative sources of funding are critical for the sustainable functioning of the healthcare system. They can enable the community to find additional assets which are needed for prevention and treatment of various diseases. Nevertheless, it is also important to analyze the impact of these alternative approaches on the resource owners. For instance, one can discuss the impact of health premiums. This term can be defined as the amount of money charged by the insurance company. In this case, one should consider the interests of two resource owners. At first, it is critical to speak about families. The impact of healthcare premiums can differ significantly, and it is dependent on the income level of a particular household. For instance, the lowest income families will have to pay 25 percent of their earnings in order to afford these premiums. In contrast, affluent households will need to pay only 6.25 percent of their earnings (Hicks, 2014, p. 399). Thus, regulators should reduce the adverse impacts of these policies on the most vulnerable social groups. Additionally, it is important to speak about the expenses incurred by the employers. These stakeholders prefer to reduce the costs of health insurance, and one should bear in mind that companies pay approximately 75 percent of employees’ health premium costs (CQ Researcher, 2009, p. 380). Some of them can be adversely affected by the increased health premiums because their expenses can equal many millions of dollars (CQ Researcher, 2009, p. 380). Nevertheless, the costs can depend on the number of workers hired by an enterprise. Some companies choose to outsource many of their business processes abroad. These are the main aspects that can be distinguished. Policies related to public health insurance programs There are various types of policies which are critical for the implementation of public health insurance programs. One set of policies is related to the price of care. For instance, the government can change the amount of deductibles which enrollees have to pay (Hicks, 2014, p. 424). This strategy can ensure that the program is affordable to people who represent different social classes. This is one of the goals that should be attained by the state. Secondly, the government can introduce the set of policies regulating the work of healthcare providers. For instance, they can make sure that hospitals provide treatment according to the standards specified in the program (Hicks, 2014, p. 425). This precaution is necessary for protecting the interests of clients who may not always receive appropriate services. The third set of policies is aimed determining the amount of reimbursement to which the healthcare providers can be entitled to (Hicks, 2014, p. 424). These regulations can be critical for minimizing the cost of healthcare. This is one of the major concerns that attract close attention of many legislators and economists who note that the medical expenses grow at a very rapid rate (Beik, 2014). By adopting this policy, regulators can decrease th
Environmental societies, professional bodies, religious groups and public officials have all shown concerns regarding Genetically Modified (GM) foods, and condemned agribusiness for practicing profit without considering possible hazards, and regimes for failing to implement sufficient regulatory supervision. Although genetically-modified foods are capable of resolving most starvation and malnutrition issues, and aiding safeguard and conserve the environment they also pose several human health and environmental risks, which forms the thesis of this study. What are Genetically Modified Foods? The expression GM foods are usually employed to refer to crop plants produced for human or animal utilization using the most recent molecular biology skills. These plants are usually tailored to develop desired qualities such as augmented resistance to herbicides or superior nutritional substance. The enrichment of desired qualities has customarily been performed through breeding, but conservative plant breeding techniques can be time consuming and are usually not particularly precise. Conversely, genetic engineering can make plants with the desired feature rapidly and with much precision. For instance, plant geneticists can separate a gene liable for drought forbearance and introduce that gene into another plant. The new genetically-modified plant will also increase drought forbearance. Genes can be relocated from one plant to a different one, though genes from non-plant species can as well be utilized. A good example of this is the utilization of Bacillus thuringiensis genes in maize and other crops (Makoni and Jennifer 303). Bacillus thuringiensis is a physically occurring bacterium which generates crystal proteins, which are toxic to caterpillars. The genes of Bacillus thuringiensis have been transmitted into maize, allowing the maize to generate its own pesticides. History of Genetically Modified Foods Genetically modified crops were produced for the first time in 1980s. The earliest bio-modified food to arrive at the supermarket was the Flavr Savr tomato, which was standardized in 1994. With a particularly solid hide, the Flavr Savr guaranteed a longer shelf existence than nearly all tomatoes (Zinnen 31). However, its insufficient traits and high price marked it for collapse. Scientists go on to work on tomatoes that mature gradually and feel superior. Scientists have customarily sorted plants for wanted traits, but conventional reproductions are less precise and slow than genetic modification in creating the preferred traits. Tools for genetically modifying foods present pretentious guarantee for meeting a number of greatest problems in prospect. Similar to all new skills, they pretense some menace, both recognized and mysterious. Arguments surrounding GM foods usually focus on environmental and human safety. Prevalence and Involved Plants As said by the United States Department of Agriculture and FDA, there exist above forty plant types that have fulfilled all of the national necessities for commercialization. Various examples of these plants consist of cantaloupes an
Introduction Susan Glaspell, the author of the play Trifles, exhibits the behavioral nature of major and minor characters, which groups them as either round or flat characters. She constructs the play after working as a journalist researching on the murder of John Hossack hence categorizing it as a real story. In Glaspell’s play, the characters display stereotypes especially the gender and cultural stereotypes. According to Wiehardt, round characters are the main characters in a piece of writing who face problems in their life that become their turning point (1). They undergo an awful experience that pressure them to change their character. On the other hand, a flat character is an unprogressive minor character in a story that remains in the same position throughout the story (Wiehardt 1). In the play Trifles, the author strategically features two round characters like Minnie Foster and John Wright. However, the play has a good share of the flat characters like Mrs. Hale and Mr. Hale among others. In her early days, Minnie Foster is a felicitous, melodious and always in good spirits girl (Glaspell 7). All her dresses have bright colors hence making her famous among other girls. Unfortunately, after her marriage to Mr. Wright her cheerful character turns into sorrow hence only somber mood prevails in her house. One of Mrs. Wright’s neighbors, Mrs. Hale describes her character as a beautiful, fearful and cautious but all her behaviors disappear immediately after the marriage ceremony (Glaspell 5). Mr. Wright is Minnie’s husband whose character as uncouth, crude harsh turns him oppressive especially to his loyal wife. Minnie’s thirty year of marriage is void of happiness. However, one night, Mr. Wright dies when he is asleep. Surprisingly, Minnie says that someone strangled her husband while she is deep asleep. Unfortunately, her husband’s friend Mr. Hale discovers the death and reports to the authority. The Sheriff and attorney ignore her claims hence choose to put her in remand. After critical investigations, the law convicts her of murder because there is no trace another person as she claims. According to Wiehardt’s description of a round character, Minnie’s unchanging character categorizes her as one. Although Minnie has subservient and scheming character, her husband’s oppressive nature turns her into a murderer and outrageous woman hence kills her him after three decades of marriage. John Wright stands out as a round character dominated by chauvinism. John Wright chauvinistic character makes him an oppressor especially to his wedded wife. He disrespects, hates and abuses his wife all the time hence turning his wife against him. Although he
Description of the organization and its needs for developing and implementing a new workplace wellbeing program HiTech Telecom Pty., Ltd is a company that offers internet-based telephony services to service providers, resellers, and businesses. The firm offers a range of next-generation network-based usage applications for VOIP, mobile and PSTN networks. Other services include billing, session initiated protocol, and phone cards among other services within that range. In the past six months, the management has been exploring the effect of workstation designs and the tools used at work – on the performance registered by the company, as well as the overall wellbeing of the employees at the center. The employees at the center were required to spend their entire day at their workstations, as well as meet the high workload targets set by the management. These employees were also not in a position to alter these work designs, patterns, and the conditions of work. Unfortunately, these job characteristics placed them at the risk of different health problems and conditions, which often limit their performance levels. These work design challenges were realized through the continually dropping work performance – as their health and comfort conditions had a direct effect on customer retention, satisfaction, and the profits realized by the center (Csikszentmihalyi & Hunter 2003). Due to this direct effect of the work design on the success of the center, the management set out to alter the workstation design, so as to alter customer service relations (CSR), performance, and also realize maximum space utilization. However, it should be noted that workplace wellbeing is highly grounded on the concepts of wellbeing, which include self-efficacy and psychological wellbeing. These concepts, arguably, draw from the increased levels of satisfaction resulting from increased job satisfaction and the possible decrease in the incidence of physical and visual complications. This is in line with the ideas of Johnson and Johnson (Robertson & Cooper 2011, p. 131), who argues that facilitating wellness and wellbeing among workers increases work performance, as it fosters their general success levels and their potential to offer their maximum abilities. Image showing the general outlay of the Work station, before any changes were implemented Among the primary roles of the company’s call center, which was divided into two (for research purposes), included taking merchandise orders and processing the details using the computer. The workstations at both divisions of the center occupied a 48 square foot design, characteristic with panel-based station furniture. However, at one of the divisions, – the workstation was 84” panel height while the other was 62” – the goal for the higher panel height alteration was to offer higher CSR privacy (Staw, Sutton, & Pelled 1994). Data was collected from the different groups (divisions) using questionnaires, reaching the total of 385 workers from both divisions. 89% were female, working an average of 24 hours every
Executive summary The purpose of the proposed project is to create an internet-based sales platform for the A & D products to enable the company to maintain its competitive advantage on the market against competitors. The proposal under the leadership of the project manager and other stakeholders identified in the document will direct the project by conducting a feasibility analysis of the project, schedule the resources, develop, test, and gradually implement the project. Introduction According to Ciliberti (2005, p. 34), the project proposal consists of the project portfolio management system for determining the return on investment (ROI) including the financial payback period, the net present value of the project, and the expected internal rate of return to determine if the project is economically viable. In addition, the project proposal consists of the project development plan which underpins a successful project. That is because parts of the elements of the planning process of the previous project which made it a success are integrated into the current plan to make the current project a success. In that case, the project plan development consists of the project integration management strategy with the critical components of the project development plan, project execution plan, and the project integration and change control strategy (Holahan & Mooney, 2004). According to Lewis (2006, p.34), it is at the project proposal stage that project inputs are identified which consist of planning outputs, historical information that provides a description of the project success factors and failures, the original policies that were created during the initial stage of the project development, the constraints that were identified with the old project, and the assumptions made during the project development lifecycle (Lewis 2006) Project Integration Management The proposed project will be directed by the project manager, Chris Johnson, who will be responsible for coordinating all the elements of the entire A & D High Tech project lifecycle. Chris’s approach includes identifying competing project alternatives which are critical in meeting user needs and project objectives by putting in place effective communication channels within the project teams and stakeholders and ensuring project costs are controlled and within the allocated budget (Brown & Hyer 2010). According to the proposed project, the project manager will be expected to apply his previous project management skills and experience through the early involvement of stakeholders to create an environment with effective communication channels. The project manager will be required to establish a good relationship between the stakeholders and to effectively coordinate project tasks, project stakeholders, and the project sponsor. According to Brown and Hyer (2010, p.33), project integration management consists of the following elements. Each component in the architecture of the proposed system and the tasks done for each task will be integrated to ensure effective integration and
Abstract In this experiment, a laboratory test was carried out in order to separate plasminogen from horse serum. In this experiment, an activity chromatography method was used to separate plasminogen from horse serum using lysine sepharose. During the separation and purification, the extracted protein was divided into eight portions of which each portion was assayed at 280 nm optical density. From the results, it’s concluded that bands of high intensity are believed to contain high plasminogen which is evident by the level of absorbance (Silverstein, 1974). These eight portions were run on SDS- PAGE gel electrophoresis to separate isolated protein from further determination in this experiment; methods of analysis reported provide approximate determination of plasminogen. In molecular biology, one of the major objectives is separation of a particular protein molecule from a complex of mixtures. This involves a number of steps of which each stage is monitored by electrophoresis to gauge its effectiveness. Chromatography is a technique used to separate molecules based on the differences in their chemicals and physical properties (Nieuwenhuizen and Traas, 1989). Chromatography lacks specificity for a single protein of which affinity chromatography is designed to overcome this limitation through exploitation of the distinctive interaction of a molecule with the next molecule which is a complementary binding molecule called ligand (Kline, 1953).This investigation concerns the purification step of plasminogen from horse serum involving lysine sepharose affinity chromatography. Plasminogen is the inactive precursor of plasmin and it’s essential in blood coagulation. The protein component is divided into several portions, of which each is assayed at 280nm of optical density measurement. These portions then undergo electrophonesis by being run through SDS-PAGE gel. SDS-PAGE separates isolated protein of which can be visualized by coo massive stain that binds to the experimental proteins and hence, the intensity of this resultant bands is used to give plasminogen estimation in a protein. A s