Introduction The consistent growth in geriatric populations worldwide requires care providers, such as doctors and nurses, to be aware of major health issues affecting older adults. Osteoporosis and the associated bone fragility are prevalent health problems that create risks for the well-being of older people. The present paper will explain the symptoms, causes, and treatments of osteoporosis and outline a possible future treatment for the condition. Symptoms Osteoporosis affects bone tissue by decreasing bone density. Wilson, Nelson, Newbold, Nelson, and LaFleur (2015) explain that, in osteoporosis, the differences in bone resorption and bone formation levels cause changes in bone mineral density, thus leading to the loss of bone mass. The symptoms that result from decreased bone density are back pain, an increased risk of bone fracture, and changes in height and posture. Causes The underlying cause of changes that are characteristic of osteoporosis is the decrease in sex hormones due to aging. For example, in women, who are at a higher risk of osteoporosis, the decreased level of estrogen after menopause causes bone loss by increasing bone resorption by 90% and bone formation by only 45% (Wilson et al., 2015). Similarly, in men, the decrease in sex hormone production impairs bone strength. Additionally, osteoporosis is linked to genetic factors, alcohol use, treatment with glucocorticoids, and some diseases (Compston et al., 2013). Assessing a person’s risk factors for osteoporosis can help care providers to suggest strategies for preventing the condition or reducing the pace of its development. Current Treatments The current treatment of osteoporosis involves lifestyle measures and pharmacological treatment. Lifestyle measures used in the management of osteoporosis are physical exercise, increased intake of calcium and vitamin D, and fall prevention (Compston et al., 2017). Recommended pharmacological treatment of osteoporosis and associated bone fragility includes prescribing one of the following: alendronate, risedronate, zoledronic acid, and denosumab (Compston et al., 2017). Hormone replacement therapy is also used in post-menopausal women to limit the development of osteoporosis (Cosman et al., 2014). Although the listed treatments proved to be effective in reducing the risk of fractures, they have some precautions and side effects that create a need to develop a new approach to osteoporosis treatment. Future Therapy One of the possible future treatments for osteoporosis is Cathepsin K (CatK) inhibition. According to Duong, Leung, and Langdahl (2016), CatK is a cysteine protease, which is involved in the decay of collagen. Thus, CatK has a positive effect on the development of osteoporosis by impairing the production of the organic bone matrix. Inhibiting the activity of CatK can assist in improving bone mass while also enhancing bone composition and strength (Tabatabaei-Malazy, Salari, Khashayar, & Larijani, 2017). CatK inhibitors could prove to be effective in preventing and managing osteoporosis, which makes them an important option for future therapy of the condition. Comparison of Treatments In comparing the two treatments, it is critical to evaluate their efficiency and side effects. Current therapy with lifestyle modificati