Europe, the Atlantic World, and Beyond Literary world regards Daniel Defoe as one of the talented writers who could bewitch his readers with his magnificent ability in writing novels and other pieces of literature. When one goes through the different works of Defoe, one gets a clear picture of the social and cultural life of the European as well as the non-­­­­­­European society that attracted him. The evaluation of Defoe helps one to realize the differences that existed between the Europeans and the non-Europeans. Defoe gives expression to his view points through his much popular novel and its title hero Robinson Crusoe. One can see the recollection of Crusoe about the African island where he spent many years and learned the real value of life. The reference in the novel to Spaniards, their ceremonies and civilities throws light on the lifestyle which existed during those days. As they were uncultured they were totally ignorant of the system of religion, marriage and so on. The Spaniards were a peaceloving people who would come ashore but never attempted attacks on the planters or other outsiders. Chapter – viii of Defoe speaks of the conversion of the islanders to Christianity or to Protestantism. The English people had assured that they shall never attempt to convert the Spaniards into their religion and let the Spaniards keep the Papist view. However the Christians were ready to teach Spaniards the truth of religion and their Savior Jesus Christ. They had also promised that they will never try to create differences or disputes about religion. On the religious belief of the Spaniards, Defoe observes, “Thus it was with this poor man: however ignorant he was of religion and Christian knowledge, he found he had some to do with now more ignorant than himself, and that the least part of the instruction of his good father that now came to his mind was of use to him.” (Defoe, m, 2007). The Spaniards were taught of heathens, savages and barbarians. Presentation of non –European people In Chapter Three of the lesson entitled Fight with Cannibals, Defoe provides a detailed picture of the natives. After a serious reading, a reader can understand how the author presents the characters and events. Here Defoe portrays natives, which means non-Europeans, as inferior to the European people. Through the complaints of the fellow citizens, the author draws a clear-cut picture about the native people. The words of the Englishman reveal the status of natives. He says: “The Island was theirs; the governor had given it to them, and no man had anything to do there but themselves;” (Defoe, m, 2007). Here the non-Europeans are presented as uneducated, uncultured and a group of people who have no self-identity. The online article titled The Atlantic System and Its Consequences shares the similar idea about the non- Europeans. In the very opening of the article the author comments of the Africans slaves. African and Caribbean slaves were handled merely as raw commodities. The following statement underlines the humiliating and oppressive conditions of slaves or non –Europeans. The article Slavery and the Atlantic System says, “Sailors and officers raped the women whenever they wished