ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The opening part of the book is devoted to the general introduction into the criminal justice field. Stohr and Collins put a particular emphasis on the problem of the social perception of criminal justice organizations. Thus, the authors assume that investigating agencies have an ambiguous reputation regardless of the positive character of the activity they perform. They believe that the negative implications of the criminal world, on the whole, are transmitted to the activity of criminal justice workers that creates an unfavorable association of the latter in the mind of the society. Meanwhile, the authors presume that due to the vast employment of the criminal justice workers’ image in the media, social attitude to them is better than to the justice organizations (Stohr & Collins, 2009). One might suppose that the relevant phenomenon is determined by the common relative ignorance in the social justice field. Due to the lack of knowledge, particular facts are, consequently, replaced by some prejudices and faulty assumptions. Therefore, it is crucial that the society is aware of the character of the work that criminal justice organizations carry out. A significant part of the material focuses on the description of the key characteristics of the criminal justice organizations. Stohr and Collins touch upon such vital aspects as law enforcement, courts, and corrections in the framework of the criminal justice environment. One of the principal ideas of the authors is to make the readers understand that the law enforcement activity of any criminal justice organization is to be analyzed at the local level. Hence, the performance of the relevant agencies is interconnected with the demands of the local society and the current circumstances of the regional environment (Stohr & Collins, 2009). The following insight, as well as the idea that the criminal justice workers depend on the formal and informal expectations, is critical for understanding the mechanism of the organizations’ performance. The authors, likewise, point out that another factor that is determining the criminal justice institutions’ activity is the bureaucratic structure that is typical of the major part of these agencies (Stohr & Collins, 2009). One might assume that despite the generally negative attitude towards bureaucratic structures, such organizations still perform a considerable contribution to maintaining the safety and security of the citizens; thus, their importance should not be underestimated. According to the authors, all the criminal justice agencies are united by the common targeting that comprises their base. Therefore, the principle aim of such organizations is both protecting the local environment from the criminal activity and carrying out the necessary preventative measures (Stohr & Collins, 2009). Moreover, it is critical to distinguish the formal and informal types of criminal justice organizations. The following terms are normal
This response is to the short science fiction story “A Sound of Thunder” by Ray Bradbury. A man named Eckels decides to go on a so-called “Time Safari,” on which one can hunt real dinosaurs by going into the past. Great caution is employed to avoid disturbing the past, and the dinosaurs that are killed are selected so that they would have died soon regardless. The hunt for the T-Rex goes awry, and Eckels ends up leaving the prescribed path and squashes a butterfly. They return to find their time subtly but significantly changed for the worse, leading the other safari members to despair and kill Eckels. The story is the originator of the so-called “butterfly effect,” wherein a small change in the distant past may have massive historical implications given enough time. The writing is straightforward, and the twist ending is not challenging to guess given the information provided throughout the plot. It should be noted that the story contradicts itself to a degree, as the death of the dinosaur in a slightly different location at a somewhat different time could have similar implications. Nevertheless, its message is powerful and clearly delivered, and so it remains a classic and lends the name to a famous science fiction concept.
Introduction As with everything in this world, people’s perceptions of gender roles and identities have significantly changed over the course of history. Some of the main questions of what is appropriate to the people of certain gender have been present and debated about for a long time. For instance, a good example of these issues is the perceptions of gays and lesbians. As such, it is well known that before the spread of the three major Abrahamic religions across the globe, many indigenous nations viewed same-sex relations as normal (Morris, 2016). On the other hand, some gender-related questions became of high importance only recently. In this regard, consider the movements that have been advocating the rights of women, such as suffragists and feminists. These two aspects in which people’s perception of gender has evolved are seemingly one of the most important nowadays. Therefore, although other elements changed significantly over time, the issues of same-sex relations and equal rights should be discussed in more detail. Same-Sex Relations As for the former, it can be claimed that the general public and politics have adequately recognized gays’ and lesbians’ rights in Western society only during the recent two decades since ancient times. Yet, the active attempts to advocate for the rights of these groups have started right after the end of World War II (Morris, 2016). However, if now open aggression against gays and lesbians is rather rare in the U.S. and Europe, it was the opposite during the middle of the 20th century. For example, Truscott (1969) describes how violent and unjust were the policemen against the visitors of the Stonewall Inn gay bar. Similarly, from Renate Bridenthal’s letter to the New York Times, it can be seen that any attempt to study the origin of same-sex relations among women was considered lesbian propaganda. Thus, it was widely criticized even by the most respected newspapers (Bridenthal, 1977). Therefore, it can be concluded that since ancient times and until the beginning of the 21st centuries common gender expectations dictated the necessity to be in relation with other sex. On the contrary, now such perceptions have been gradually changing. Equal Rights Between Men and Women The second huge change in perception of gender roles, as was mentioned above, concerns the equal political, social, and legal rights between various genders. In contrast to the same-sex relationship, this issue first appeared on a big scale since the period of active industrialization of the leading European countries and the U.S. Before that, women’s gender role was weakly associated with the active participation in politics and pursuit of the career success. However, at the end of the 19th century, suffragists, understanding how much benefits gender equality would bring mostly to women but also to men, initiated the active struggle against the common prejudices. For instance, according to Blackwell (1917), one of the main concerns of men rega
Introduction Overview Healthcare professionals in nearly all civilizations around the world often experience a myriad of challenges as they engage in the provision of care to patients. A couple of years ago, compassion fatigue made it to the list of challenges facing the professionals after strange behavioural orientations and attitude lapses were noticed in a group of mental health professionals headed by Herbert Freudenberger, a German psychologist (Ruysschaert, 2009). The workers, according to the psychologist, became apathetic, distant, disoriented, and increasingly disillusioned after interacting with mental patients for a period of one year. Later, the condition was witnessed among other professionals in different fields, occasioning psychologists, researchers, and other theorists to undertake seminal studies on the concept to widen their understanding on its dynamics and impacts (Figley, 1995; Keltner & Ekman, 1996). Presently, the area continues to receive considerable interest especially in the health sector mainly due to its negative ramifications on health professionals. In the medical context, compassion fatigue arises when healthcare professionals start to experience feelings of pain, suffering, and anguish of the patients for whom they care (Compassion Fatigue, n.d.). Figley (1995) asserts that compassion fatigue is the cost that caregivers have to pay for extending their care since the professionals end up nursing the feelings of fear, pain, and suffering after listening to their patients narrate spine-chilling accounts of what they are going through in sickness. Once this stage is reached, the caregivers gravitate towards a situation of partial or total loss of sense of self to the patients they assist, offering more compassion than they obtain in the hope of validating their work. Ruysschaert (2009) posits that “caregivers and healthcare workers are more at risk of burnout as they face human suffering and absorb this other people’s pain” (p. 160). The variance between the caregivers and the job environment causes the professionals to become embroiled in perpetual ‘burnout, triggering feelings of entrenched physical, emotional, psychological, and spiritual fatigue. The interpersonal relationships and world views of the caregivers are also affected (Kraus, 2005). Health professionals the world over listen to recollections of horrendous experiences, some with frightening graphic details, as illustrated by patients on a daily basis. Through the practice of empathic engagement with the patients, caregivers share the patients’ emotional and psychological burden to the issues affecting them, not mentioning the fact that the health
Introduction Lush is the mere passion for authentic fresh and manmade products such as seductive perfumes and cosmetics. A United Kingdom-based producer so liked lush products, that he named his company lush, after lush products. Lush, now a well-acknowledged company whose worldwide recognition has made many employees desire to work for the company to share in its success. Employees offer excellent services to their customers making every aspect of the lush brand connote fun. Lush is keen to offer discounted prices on their wide of beauty products, marketing promotions and packaging this keeps their customers who always check-in for new products(Larson, 04). The brands’ trademark, Lush was in the interest of fresh authentic products. Products were made from natural things like vegetables and sweet-smelling fruits; this idea was novel and marked a start of what would be a widely accepted concept in beauty. The products became so attractive attributed to the shapes, colors, names, sweet smells and sizes such that anyone could mistake them as being suitable for human consumption. Some even resembled cakes. The store relied on advertisements from within and not the common marketing strategies. However, it was criticized that lush remaining independent and not going public could endanger its chances of remaining competitive. Lush had to compete with more bigger and powerful companies and established competitors (Larson, 04). Background of Lush A teenage trained hairdresser, by the name Constantine, innovated lush. In the late 90s, lush became renowned for its beauty products but since it did not have a marketing division, McCartney was appointed the head of marketing. As Constantine started developing interest in makeup, he faced some challenges since the opportunities for male makeup artists were limited but still developed natural bath and body products which he started supplying to different retailers. He together with colleagues came up with the idea of trying a successful retail shop but due to a non-compete passage with the beauty products shop, they had to wait for some years before opening the next one (Rawe, 03). Lush was financed through financial backups from well-wishers and self contributions from savings. It is at this point that Constantine met another young businessman with whom they did business together. Immediately a lush shop was opened in London, people interested in opening more outlets all over the world started approaching Constantine, which he initially refused but later gave in. Lush developed and even started scooping awards in health and beauty categories which surprised its competitors. The number of employees started going up parallel to sales (Larson, 04). Lush offered many products which used natural ingredients. They were also handmade and most of them were sold fresh as they contained no preservatives. The products were appealing; some took shapes of cakes and other desserts. Their sweet-scented aroma was irresistible and attracted many buyers to Lush stores. Lush acquired its products shapes from local established bakers; Constantine invented fragrances of Lush product
Water, which was once, cheap and in unlimited quantities is fast becoming a scarce resource globally. Natural resources like rivers have dried up while underground aquifers are sinking fast as a result of the “virtual water trade”. Drought is on the rise worldwide as a result of climate change thus food production becomes a serious challenge. Australia, the largest “virtual water” exporter in the world, has seen a drop in food production as a result of water shortage. Most farmers in Australia irrigate their farms to produce rice, wheat, and other foodstuff for export which results in a “virtual water trade”. This is so because foodstuffs and clothing produced from plant products require lots of water to grow which is then exported worldwide. With countries facing a hydrological crisis, governments have engaged in massive engineering projects to transfer water from various rivers to support agriculture in the drier parts of the country. With the demise of the Yellow River in China, the government started a project to transfer water from the Yangtze River to the northern plains of the country to support farming activities. This massive project will see China spend a whopping $60 billion, which the government sees as an answer to the frequent water shortages facing the country. India is developing a bigger project than the one in China with a couple of dams and canals. Water will be transported to the arid southern part of the country to increase irrigation by 50% as well as, to produce over 33,000 megawatts of power. In the U.S., corn is converted to biofuel, which contributes
Introduction The setting up of King Fahad Specialist Hospital, commonly abbreviated as KFSHD, in Dammam is regarded as one of the most vital medical developments that the Eastern area has undertaken in the past several years. It is a recognized educational health facility situated in the capital city of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It serves as the general referral facility for Cardiovascular Diseases, Oncology, Genetic Diseases, Organ Transplantation and Neurosciences. It also offers complete primary, tertiary as well as secondary medical services. The hospital’s doctoral tutelage programs sustain both placement and partnership training. This Centre of research focuses on the elementary and translational explorations principally in molecular diagnostics, transplant immunology, cancer, proteomics, cardiovascular diseases and genetics (Johnson, 2006). Even though it is a private hospital, it still managed to accomplish so much concerning the quality and amount of professional medical services offered to the families that reside in the Eastern area. It has provided highly professional medics who carry out their responsibilities efficiently. This is regarded as an enormous contribution from this hospital. It has enabled us to manage health issues in the best way possible with the help of skilled personnel as well as novel techniques. The services provided by this hospital to its patients include Genetic Sciences, Oncology, Cardiac Services programs, Neurosciences as well as Organ Transplant. Other special services offered by the hospital include Surgical Oncology, Hematology, Radiation Therapy, Orthopedic Surgery, Rehabilitation, Urology, Neurological Surgery and Nuclear Medicine. The hospital intends to put in place standards that meet international requirements. These standards ought to connect with the value of the services delivered, and proficiently contribute to the enhancement of the hospital’s reputation. The hospital was recognized for its outstanding services by being awarded the “Joint Commission International Accreditation” certificate. This made it to be the leading specialized hospital to be awarded a universal accreditation. Furthermore, its Hematology Department, as well as Laboratory, was accredited for its exemplary job. Accomplishments The hospital experienced increased growth in all its departments in the year 2011. The services provided by the hospital substantiated this growth. For instance, ambulatory cases increased by 44%, referrals by 12% and inpatient admissions by 11% (Azoulay, 2011). In addition, the hospital experienced an increase in the number of patients visiting the facility. This was since this hospital boasts of the largest
Vision and Opportunity Having clear goals is essential for an individual’s growth and self-development. After graduation from HCT, I plan to start a small business, apply for an undergraduate degree and study one more language. I believe knowledge and experience are two components of people’s success. Hence, my strategic plan is to acquire these key elements to be successful in life. My vision is closely related to my values. Apart from knowledge and experience, I value innovation and collaboration. I want to make this world a wonderful place to live. In my opinion, people’s inability to listen and hear each other is the major reason for issues existing in the modern society. I will try to bring people closer to each other. The three questions guiding my choices and even my whole life are as follows:   * How will this choice or action affect the world?   * What skills or knowledge may I need to complete a task?   * What people should I involve in this or that project? Fortunately, this world has loads of opportunities that can help me achieve my personal goals. First, higher educational establishments offer numerous courses that can help me complete any gaps that may remain after my graduation. Hospitality industry also offers a variety of options for entrepreneurs. Travelers want to explore new places and new cultures. Finally, the development of technology is a feature of the modern society. People are glad to use technology and spend a lot of their time online. Marketing and Implementation I plan to continue my studies as it will help me address the challenges of the modern society successfully. However, I also plan to start a new business involving tourism and technology. There are quite many applications providing information concerning some touristic attractions, cities or countries. I want to focus on something really important. I will create a website (supported by such social networks as Facebook, YouTube, Skype, and so on) to introduce the Arab world and the UAE. I will share useful information for travelers. This will include data concerning prices, places to visit, things to try, people to meet and the like. Nevertheless, I will focus on sharing information about the Arab culture (religion, values, traditions, and so on). I hope that my business will make a difference and will bring people closer to each other. I believe I should learn one more foreign language to communicate with more people. I think I am quite different from other students as I focus on cultural aspects rather some material things (products, services, and so on). Risks and Mitigation Clearly, I am ready to address some challenges. As has been mentioned above, people are likely to be interested in my project as it addresses their needs and preferences. However, some people may be still eager to focus on material things (tips, services) and ignore the cultural aspect of my project. I want to create a digital community of people of different backgrounds who want to know more about the UAE and the Arab world. To make people more active, I will use quizzes and contests with prizes. I will also try to involve some celeb
Introduction of Companies Company Descriptions   * Describe your new company called Universal Drones Inc. The world of the 21st century is impossible to imagine without people being engaged in all kinds of technological advancements and globalization. Hence, to secure the steady growth of one’s business, it is of crucial importance to closely examine the aspects of gaining recognition in today’s society. One of the most rapidly growing technology markets today is the commercial drones market, allowing civilians to experience new ways of capturing the environment (Maharana, 2017). In order to make the drones even more accessible, Universal Drones Inc. was formed. The company’s vision implies making people look at things from various perspectives through technology. Universal Drones Inc. is primarily focused on people who want to interact with the environment in order to create, whether they are artists or ecological activists. The product line includes a series of drones with different pricing and enhancement politics, created by the best engineers from all over the world.   * Describe VectorCal. VectorCal is now of the major developments in the field of drone navigation systems implying the technology’s accessibility for a broad audience. The product’s major mission correlates with the corporation’s desire to make drones part and parcel of people’s everyday life. The VectorCal’s vision of the product is to provide customers with the products on the shortest notice with the help of implementing automated technology for the drone assembly. Since the key personnel would then include engineers who would be responsible for the assembly process, the pricing policy of the drone would allow expanding the product’s target audience to middle-class representatives. Pricing Analysis Methods When Forecasting Government Expenses Until recently, enterprises like Universal Drones Inc. were considered the monopolists of the drone market due to the lack of healthy competition. Hence, the pricing policy of the company’s deliverables was quite unreasonable, as the company’s stakeholders did not feel the urge to apply proper pricing analysis strategies such as the market price comparison. However, over the past years, the overall market revenue and market availability have drawn the attention of many investors and business owners who now want to become a part of the tendency (Otto et al., 2018). Hence, when forecasting prices with the Government, it is of crucial importance to take into account the segment’s environment and proper resource allocation that would allow to attract a bigger audience and increase revenue. When doing so, the comparison of market prices would play the primary role due to the scope of competition in the emerging market. Cost Considerations   * Discuss the following costs that your company, Universal Drones, Inc.s needs to adder during your first year of operations.   * Remember to provide a rationale for each of these costs. Semi-variable costs are one of the most crucial in terms of the first year of operations due to the constant variations in the product’s initial cost and it