Ineffective Management When discussing poor leadership, one may remember the infamous former CEO of Volkswagen, Martin Winterkorn. Winterkorn was in charge of the company when it faced the major crisis, the echoes of which are still causing issues. “The Volkswagen Diesel Fraud” as the world knows it, was a major scandal that Winterkorn authorized and has failed to face the consequences. In 2014, Volkswagen faced charges with emission levels being much higher than the company claimed them to be. It was found out that Volkswagen engineers installed specific equipment to mask the emissions during tests in order to have a productive marketing campaign. Winterkorn has made serious strategic mistakes in this matter. Firstly, by authorizing such act, he violated one of the fundamental principles of management – integrity. Violation of consumers’ trust is a serious strategic miscalculation and Volkswagen involvement with the fraudulent schemes placed a huge stain on the company’s reputation. It appears that a mistake was made due to the lack of vision of the bigger picture or economic perspective. In the short term, Winterkorn managed to save company’s resources on major technological research and upgrades but forgot about the long-term outcomes. Secondly, known as a micro-manager who is used to supervise every process in his company, he still tried to plead ignorant of this incident. This was found highly unlikely, and Winterkorn’s image as a CEO received even more damage. According to Rothenberg (2011), leaders are typically more informed and usually have subordinates who have less information. Winterkorn’s lack of strategic thinking and the use of fraudulent competition methods seem to be the spheres for improvement. He should have closely considered the long-term effects of his decisions. In addition, his media conflict management also needs revision. He could be more sincere and apologetic to try to restore the company’s image. Communicating a Vision Vision is an essential attribute of leadership that to some degree allows foreseeing the future of the company. Without proper vision, it is hard to adapt and evolve as a company because there should always be knowledge or, at least, an image of what should it become in a few years or a decade. Vision also allows to focus attention on certain activities and connect the company to the present realities. Periodically, as the goals change, so should the vision as misleading and outdated concepts of the future and present could seriously undermine the organization’s success on the market. In the public sector where leaders, countries and its structures are under constant supervision of people, communicating a vision becomes a priority. Depending on how clear a leader can identify and explain the ‘path’ that lays ahead of the citizens, final outcomes may vary significantly. Winston Churchill, for instance, motivated his countrymen to combat Nazism by explaining why and what will happen if what he proposes is ignored. An example that illustrates the power of communication and its destructive force for a public leader that cannot manage it can be drawn from the present events. The current president of the United States, Donald Trump multiple times announced his wish to build the wall separ