Morton, James, Mandatory jail sentences bad strategy , Toronto Star, 2009 . Web. Mandatory jail sentences bad strategy is an article authored by James Morton. The scope of this article attempts to examine the gang oriented criminal activities in Canada. Using back-to-back approach he has shown that mandatory jail sentence is not the opposite tool to fight gang-related crimes. The federal government concern to fight the escalating vice by instituting a series of stern anti-gang procedures, including the use of compulsory minimum prison punishment is also inadequate. Morton observes that the trouble with mandatory jail sentences regarding gang-oriented crimes are apposite for publicity rather than tackling the crime (Morton 4). A detailed study of mandatory minimum jail established that this approach rarely attains its stated objectives. The author also noted this approach is ineffective due to several correlated reasons. Some of these reasons include several of the gang-related offenses rarely lead to accusations linked with them. Another indispensable reason shows even when proper accusations are on hand; the weight of the mandatory minimum jail is in the discretion of the prosecutor. Hence, one explicit charge can be swapped with another, while gang-related accusations can be substituted with non-gang associated charges. Morton asserts that the solution to this problem is to institute stable community policing measures in addition to property seizure (Morton 4). He observes that community policing is highly result oriented. More so, its efficiency relies on the communal cooperation among the community members, police and volunteers. In essence, he has shown how effective this approach can be by citing how community policing effectively changed NY. Though there are several apparent challenges to community policing, it remains one of the most effective approaches to fighting gang related crimes. Examining the nature of gang related violence; the author has provided a considerable wealth of dealing with this problem. However, despite the suggested approaches, he fails to explain how the federal government will is going to deal with this menace. Too, another missing factor is how community policing can be employed without endangering the community from the revengeful gangs. Packer, Herbert L. Two Models of the Criminal Process . Stanford: SUP, 1969. Herbert Packer as a legal scholar examines the two concepts of controlling criminal justice in the US. He presents the first concept or form as due process a politically conformist concept. This model is founded on the rights of individuals. The other model is crime control. This model sustains the parameter of criminal conduct and manners. Packer illustrates that political and societal dynamics determines the form of the criminal justice system being embraced. However, both models are employed to implement laws, uphold and sustain social order, and shield individuals from prejudices. The author portrays the concept of crime control as “assembly-line justice,” this representation believes in an assumption of guilt. Using a more open approach he suggests that when individuals are arrested, and equally charged with a crime, they ought to be assumed guilty and should be punished (Packer 155). This demonstrates that this model views the control of criminal conduct as the most fundamental aspect of criminal justice. However, similarly, Packer argues that