ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Today, it is wrong to neglect the idea of technological progress and its spread over the field of education. Online or e-learning turns out to be a popular activity around the whole world with a number of unique characteristics, advantages, and the possibility to overcome barriers of physical distances and time management. At the same time, educators find it helpful to use a virtual learning environment. This type of environment introduces a collection of platforms to promote teaching and learning activities across the Internet, educational courses, and online tasks (Jain, 2015). There are many reasons for the importance of a virtual learning environment, including interaction development, self-dependence, fast access to external sources and embedded content, and practice. However, along with benefits and positive effects, its limitations and challenges cannot be ignored. This paper aims at discussing the use of virtual learning environments in nursing and recognizing the limits in nursing education regarding current needs, requirements, and expectations. Main body Despite the expected benefits and improvements in nursing education due to the use of virtual learning environments, this practice may create a number of challenges for students and teachers. In addition to the necessity of high-level digital literacy, participants have to consider certain organizational and emotional issues. Personalized learning remains a serious challenge for many academic facilities (Skiba, 2016). The field of nursing is characterized by the development of specific skills, effective motivation, and awareness of outside factors that may influence the maintenance of professional and interpersonal relationships. Online learning decreases the importance of these qualities because of the possibility to avoid face-to-face contact with people and neglect some communication rules and social obligations. Another limit of nursing education is the balance between connected and unconnected lives (Skiba, 2016). One of the goals of education is to explain to students how to use personal experience, reflect on different events, and behave in accordance with expectations. Not all educators and platforms can promote these practices. Regarding the needs of students and the resources available to educators, the creation of virtual learning environments becomes a solution to several important problems and limitations. Every year, new types of virtual learning environments are offered to academic facilities. For example, Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment, also known as Moodle, is based on sound pedagogical principles (Jain, 2015). Eduism is another platform that introduces a 3D virtual world where classrooms can be connected through their interactive whiteboards (Jain, 2015). In fact, a variety of virtual platforms is impressive, and teachers can use
Background The story of the Tomb of Qin Shi Huang begins in 1974 when farmers from Xi’an (China) dug into one of the fascinating excavations of the 20 th century. The discovery was so shocking mostly because of life-size terracotta warriors that were placed under the ground. There were thousands of these soldiers near the Tomb of Qin Shi Huang, arguably placed there to protect his body and soul from conquerors (Ma et al., 2016; Zhang et al., 2017). It was also important that none of the soldiers had an identical physique, with each of the warriors having exclusive facial features, clothing choice, and a hairstyle. For almost forty years in a row, the site was excavated to at least 2,000 warriors becoming uncovered. Nevertheless, archaeologists expect to find more than 8,000 warriors in total near the Tomb of Qin Shi Huang. The current estimations make it safe to hypothesize that the excavation works are going to continue for multiple decades due to the many challenges averting archaeologists from reaching the central tomb and unearthing the Tomb of Qin Shi Huang. The Chinese government tends to freeze unsafe excavations due to the lack of adequate techniques and technology, which might be a devastating experience for archaeologists (Heinz, 2002; Warscheid, 2005). In order not to lose a great deal of information similarly to how it occurred to the archaeologists going into Tut’s tomb, archaeologists have to think about how their excavation techniques would affect the future of terracotta warriors and Qin Shi Huang’s grave. Latest Updates on the Dig Some of the biggest findings related to the dig were made over the course of the last ten years, with the archaeologists discovering the #1 pit – the largest of all three currently known to them – where multiple figures were found. Relatively not so long ago, the fourth pit was excavated partially, with the works closing down due to the fourth pit being empty. The archaeologists hypothesized that the fourth pit was abandoned together with the whole burial project. As for the newly found warriors, the majority of them were excavated into one of two positions: one-half of the warriors carry their bows with the left hand, and the other half clutches pole weapons (). Each of the figures is detailed enough to have soldiers wear complex clothing and armor that point to their military rank. In addition to these arrangements, it may be safe to say that each of the soldiers found recently was unique enough and boasted distinct physical features, facial expressions, and hairstyles. In addition to terracotta warriors, archaeologists also found 12 clay horses and numerous other relics such as weapons, shields, bows, and swords stored in discrete containers. Issues Linked to the Dig As a big dig, the excavation of the Tomb of Qin Shi Huang is linked to several important issues that cannot be overlooked when estimating the influence of different factors on further excavations. First, the Mausoleum is too deep, meaning that the grave of Qin
Description of the ad The iPad Air Pencil television commercial of 2013 is one of the most successful television commercials of the recent time. The commercial starts with soft music on the background, then a male voice makes this statement, “It is an extremely simple tool, but also extremely powerful” (iPad Air Pencil par. 1). This statement creates a desire for the listener to know more about this powerful but simple tool. It is clear from the ad that the iPad Air Pencil can be used in various contexts. The powerful voice finally ends the commercial by this statement, “Introducing the thinner lighter more powerful iPad air” (iPad Air Pencil par. 1). There is no doubt that the ad creates the desire not only to see but also own this powerful tool that can be used for various activities. Age, race, sex, and social class of the characters in the ad The commercial targets people across all the races and sex. The iPad is presented as a tool for both men and women of any race. The commercial does not discriminate based on age, but it is evident that it is a tool that should be used by adults based on the characters used. The advert is very clear on the social class that is targeted. The tool targets the middle and upper-class members of society. What they are selling This television commercial is selling the iPad Air Pencil, an ultra-thin, light but powerful tool that can be used in various contexts. The commercial seeks to convince the viewers that this is a superior product in the market. The target of the ad Based on the characters used and the message that it presents to the viewers, this commercial majorly targets students in institutions of higher learning. They have been featured prominently in this commercial. The scientists and other professionals have also been featured in this ad, making them another important target group for this commercial. As mentioned above, the social class targeted by this commercial is the middle and upper-class members of the society. This is seen like the commercial, especially the environment within which the video was shot. Effectiveness of the ad 30 years ago The relevance of this television commercial 30 years ago can be viewed from several perspectives. This ad would not have been effective 30 years ago because the iPad was not an existing product by this time. The commercial is specifically meant for this product, and given that it did not exist, the ad would have been irrelevant. Thirty years ago, the world was not technologically advanced as it is today. Such a tool may not have made much sense as it is now. This further demonstrates the irrelevance of this ad during this period. However, the ad would have been effective if it is modified to fit into the context of this time (Segall 23). What the ad says ab
Winesburg, Ohio is considered to be the brightest sample of the legacy left by Sherwood Anderson, his later works, such as Many Marriages and Dark Laughter failed to bring him the same level of success and acceptance by the public. Sherwood Anderson’s work is in many ways autobiographical as the author himself was born in the state of Ohio in 1876. Although his family traveled extensively in the United States and the world, Sherwood eventually returned to Ohio to finish his schooling. After succeeding in establishing a small business, and raising three children, Sherwood left his family and hometown to pursue a writing career in Chicago. After marrying unsuccessfully again several times and traveling to other countries, Anderson died in 1941 in Panama. His work Winesburg, Ohio was written in 1919, the story portrays a small town Winesburg in the heart of the United States depicted as a prototype of the American ideal that started disappearing in the country that was becoming increasingly urbanized. Winesburg is presented as a place where the social norms define every aspect of human existence, and it is the opinion of others that shapes the individuality of every resident. Through its expressiveness and unique style, Winesburg, Ohio defined the character of American short stories for the next several decades. Winesburg, Ohio is a collection of 24 stories about different people who lived in Winesburg and all were somehow connected, though not directly. Winesburg, Ohio opens with a chapter entitled “The Book of Grotesque” in which an old man imagines different people who are obsessed with some type of truths. This chapter serves as an entry point into the rest of the chapters as all of the book’s characters represent some variation of human grotesque. For example, in the next chapter Anderson depicts a man who had grotesque hands that greatly influenced the course of his life. The main themes of the book are loneliness and isolation as every single character of the book is lonely and in some way isolated from others (such as the doctor whom we meet in the second chapter – he is isolated from others in his office grieving over the death of his young wife). The only exception is the main character – George Willard, as almost all other characters feel that they can rely on him. It is also through this character that the structure of the story is developing allowing the reader to follow George through the important stages of life into manhood and leaving on the train into a big life leaving the grotesque of Winesburg behind. It is also to George that Dr. Parcival from The Philosopher reveals the secret of life to, “Everybody in the world is Christ and they are all crucified” through this revealing that in their nature, every human being is a godlike creature, and yet we all have to go through sufferings and ordeals
Introduction How does culture influence language? An essay isn’t enough to answer this question in detail. The purpose of the paper is to clearly highlight the issue of intercultural communication with reference to language and identity. Language and culture are intertwined. One cannot define or identify cultural orientations without citing variations in how we speak and write. Thus, to explore the relationship between language and culture, this essay will start by defining the terms separately. What is culture? Culture describes variations in values, beliefs, as well as differences in the way people behave (DeVito 2007). Culture encompasses everything that a social group develops or produces. Element of culture are not genetically transmitted and as such, they have to be passed down from one generation the next through communication. This explains why it is easy to adopt a certain language depending on the shared beliefs, attitudes and values. The existence of different cultures can be explained using the cultural relativism approach which stipulates that although cultures tend to vary, none is superior to the other (DeVito 2007). Learning of cultural values can be done through enculturation whereby individuals learn the culture of their birth. Alternatively, one can be acculturated into a culture that is divergent from their basic culture (DeVito 2007). Relationship between language and culture Language is the verbal channel of communication by articulating words that an individual is conversant with. This is aimed at relaying information. In other words, it is the expression of one’s culture verbally (Jandt 2009). Language is the first element that helps an individual to distinguish the cultural orientations of individuals. Through language, we are able to differentiate between for example, a Chinese national and a Briton. The main functions of language are generally for information purposes and for the establishment of relationships. Different cultures perceive the use of language differently. Whereas an American regards it as a useful communication tool, a Chinese will use their language to relay their feelings and to establish relationships. It is through such variances of language that different cultures have placed on the usage of their language show the link between the two study variables (Jandt 2009). Role of language in cultural diversity Intercultural communication refers to communication between people from different cultural backgrounds. Due to the differences in cultures, there is a high probability that a message will be misunderstood and distorted. Difference in languages leads to challenges in the interpretation of for example, politeness, acts of speech and interaction management. Normally, differences in languages lead to impediments in understanding. This is due to the difference in perception in as far as values are concerned. Language shapes our lines of thought and as such, it is the core element that shapes how people perceive the world. The way people communicate is largely due to their cultures of origin. Language increases the rate of ethnocentrism in individuals thus furthering their self-centeredness in cultu
Executive Summary Global economic structures have altered the societal and social systems. Poverty has restricted financial benefit and accelerated unethical behavior in the United States and society. Sexual victimization has not been separated either, poverty has surged many women and underage girls to be victims of sexual victimizations than men. The economic pressure existing among the poor women has increased sexual abuse because; Poverty compels women and girls to indulge in activities that entail a comparatively high possibility of sexual exploitation and victimization, mostly sex work. Besides, it establishes tremendous stresses such as; finding or keeping their jobs, pursuing trading interests, and obtaining better grades if they are studying. These activities make them vulnerable to sexual oppression from those who can guarantee these things. Thus, Poor women are also at risk of intimate partner violence, of which sexual victimization is often a symptom. Therefore, this paper aims at discovering a link between poverty and the rate of the vulnerability of women towards sexual victimization. Introduction Sex crimes are a constant problem in the United States. The statistic reveals that 7 million forcible rapes occur within the confines of intimate relations yearly (Payne & Gainey. 2005). Although this number is related to crime by an intimate partner, it is suggested the number will rise with other associated offender-type violations. According to Uniform Crime Report (UCR) , it is noted that about 17,190 forcible rapes happened and this was about 9.6% of the crime rate per 100,000 populations in 1960. However, in 2009, 88,097 forcible rapes were reported and this was 28.7 of the crime rate per 100,000 populations. This suggests the percentage of forcible violations has been increasing in the United States over the years. Rape and American Society Rape victimization has been on the rise in the United States. Embracing the UCR assertions, rape by force comprised 93.0 percent of reported rape offenses whereas the rate of forcible rapes was estimated at 56.6 per 100,000 female inhabitants in 2009. Payne & Gainey (2005) also affirms that out of eight women one woman faces sexual assault during their lifetime. Payne & Gainey (2005) further suggests that more women are weak elements in society, therefore; this affirms their susceptibility to a sex crime. Rape in America however, argues that sex crime has increased thus involving minors. According to data available from Rape in America studied in 1992, 61 % of victims of sex violations are minors. Kilpatrick, Edm
The rapidly changing situation in the market of goods and services forces organizations to adapt efficiently and quickly. It results in overly rapid changes within the enterprise without a smooth transition. The fast pace is becoming a problem for both the company and employees. Team members are forced to quickly adapt to new work formats, promptly learn new skills, and take on additional roles. In such conditions, competent and high-quality change management and decision-making are essential. In an age of global transformation, change management has become one of the principal success factors for most companies. The surrounding reality is in a state of constant shift: the demands of internal and external customers are changing, new market barriers and opportunities are emerging, unforeseen risks are occurring. Companies that cannot withstand the pace of development and adapt to new conditions often have to leave the market, giving way to more flexible organizations. The central concern is that for most employees, rapid change causes a feeling of anxiety and discomfort. It often causes longer sick days, days off, constant complaints, and employee turnover. People are distressed about their jobs, an unknown future, and ever-increasing competition (Anastasiou, 2020). The situation can be aggravated by the inability to master new technologies, the lack of high-quality communication, and a sick work environment that negatively affects the overall progress. The decision-making process can be challenging, especially in times of crisis. The crisis is a severe external factor that significantly affects the quality of conclusions. Many people do not have enough personal experience or psycho-emotional strength to make a straightforward decision and accept full responsibility. Inaccurate decisions can be based on numerous internal and external errors. Internal factors are related to the personality of the decision-maker. They may help to overcome the anxiety and conduct effective brainstorming. External factors are related to decision-making conditions and external influences. Such decisions may be limited in time, effectiveness, or sources, depending on other workers or the status of a performer (Anastasiou, 2020). All of the above factors have the potential to interfere with the decision-making process. Reference Anastasiou, S. (2020). The significant effect of leadership and conflict management on job satisfaction. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 9 , pp. 9 –17.
Abstract Public health care professionals are involved in policy implementation at various stages in public-run health facilities. It is important they acquire skills that can help them implement these policies effectively. In addition, being accountable and efficiently managing resources within their control can contribute to the prudent use of public resources falling under their mandate. Introduction Over the years, the United States’ public health care has seen significant improvements in various aspects. Areas such as management of infectious diseases, provision of safer foods, fewer heart-related conditions, and more secure workplaces have contributed to a healthier country. Such developments have been partly linked to public health professionals because they are directly involved in influencing public healthcare care matters. They support health care growth by prudently implementing states’ sponsored public health policies. In addition to overseeing policy implementation, they monitor, enforce, mobilize, evaluate, inform, empower and research for novel innovations on health care issues. Their role is, therefore, critical in future financial decisions linked to public health policy. Public health professionals and the future financing decisions of public health policy Public health professionals play a major role in future decisions when it comes to health care financing. To influence future financing decisions, they need to restore confidence in the public health sector. They need to prove to the public as well as policymakers that financial investments in public facilities under their care are efficiently managed. Additionally, they need to demonstrate to the public that the resources bestowed on them are adding value to the facilities they are in charge of (Banta & De Wit, 2008). They can achieve this goal by crafting result-oriented measures and communicating the same to relevant stakeholders. Such a process will influence future decisions relating to the financial funding of public health policy. Public health professionals empower and educate society on health care matters. The direct approach in which they deal with issues gives them the opportunity to understand the appropriate policy to implement (Noren, Kindig, & Sprenger, 1998). They need to support their policy approaches with compelling justifications to attract favorable policy decisions. Understanding and communicating quantitatively on public health investment will play a role in future funding decisions for a given public health policy they choose. Measures to justify financing of national public health initiatives One step taken to justify the national public health initiative is the value (Laureate Education, 2012). The value of the public investment, in this case, refers to various components such as cost accounting. Cost accounting will help rank programs based on priorities on available or anticipated resources (Turnock, 2000). Other initiatives to r
Introduction The Australian constitution does not guarantee the Commonwealth power to support education programmes. As such, education policies and funding remained the sole responsibility of the states. However, the commonwealth, with its financial endowment started to provide aid to students, particularly in tertiary and university levels, especially after 1945 (Campbell & Proctor, 2014). After the 1960s the commonwealth student funding was expanded to include students from all levels and social backgrounds in both the public and private sectors. By the end of the century, federal funding for students has increased by over 40%. Besides, the federal government dominant role in higher education and substantial influence in tertiary and vocational training institutions through funding increased considerably at the end of the century (Campbell & Proctor, 2014). Historical Accounts The need to improve education standards and the widespread call for students’ aid in both vocational and higher learning institutions prompted various governments to appoint committees with varied responsibilities to probe into the funding system of the tertiary and higher learning institutions and recommend for further actions (Campbell & P