ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Terry Gilliam’s films have always been known for being full of dreamers as characters, pitting crazy fantasy against the rationalized society. Yet again we saw a film that transforms a modern tale in such a way that we realize once again that man without dreams is meaningless. Fisher King a fantastic movie, is full of psychological disorders. In the film Perry was a professor of history, but a little crazy. Perry, who shot his wife, turns out to be the guy getting advice in a radio Lucas, and John understands that Perry pulled reason for it. In this paper, we will analyze the treatment plan based on the DSM TR diagnosis of the main character Perry. Discussion DSM-IV-TR version was introduced in the year 2000. American Psychological Association is currently in the process of coming out with DSM-V (www.apa.org). The five different dimensions explained in DSM-IV-TR include:  1. Axis-1: Clinical Syndromes: Psychological disorders arising out of adjustment, anxiety, and pervasive developmental come under this category.  2. Axis II: Personality and Mental Retardation: If the Axis-1 disorders get overlooked, then it leads to Axis-II with serious impairment in intellectual skills and interpersonal abilities.  3. Axis-III: Medical Condition: Physical and medical conditions with worsening Axis-I&II conditions leads to this conditions. Some physical injuries also occur during this stage.  4. Axis IV: Psychosocial and Environmental Problems: Social or environmental problems like unemployment, divorce, relocation etc. arising out of psychological disorders is categorized under this axis.  5. Axis V: Global Assessment of Functioning: This axis allows the clinical psychologist to assess the client’s condition. Story of “The Fisher King” is the story of two men who joined Destiny because of a fatal tragedy. Jack Lucas is a cocky and self-centered radio host who treats his radio listeners as mere dupes. Rallying against society and sensationalizing the issues he’d call upon listeners with promises for fame and the possibility of appearing on television (movies.nytimes.com). Parry, another character, is a beggar that plagues the city (Nichols, Kathleen L. 2008). This man’s life is more tragic than it seems, because their insanity is a way to escape the cruel reality that he took his wife’s life one night when they dined at a restaurant (Pies, 2001). Description of Main Character There are two main characters in the story, Jack Lucas, Radio announcer and Perry, a resident of the street that has mental problems (movies.nytimes.com).   * Jack Lucas: Radio broadcaster is self-centered, proud, vain, consuming drugs, and alcohol shows hatred and contempt for the people while often referring to people in derogatory terms, and suffering from disturbances in mood. He was responsible indirectly in the slaughter at the bar, which generated more problems, feelings of guilt.   * Perr
Modification of personal computers required the development of more complex hardware and software. For example, buses, which are the communication channels between different internal components and peripheral devices, have become more advanced. Such three types of buses as address, control, and data are known (Farret et al., 2017). The latter is utilized for data exchange between the Central Processing Unit (CPU) and peripherals (Farret et al., 2017). The significance of the address bus is to assist the CPU in locating specific information in the memory, while the control bus regulates data processing. Data buses are represented as a multiple of two and currently include five types: 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64 (Farret et al., 2017). These numbers indicate the bits of data that can be delivered simultaneously, and the larger ones allow for a more significant amount of information to be processed at a time. The number of parallel lines in a processor defines how many electrical signals can be exchanged between peripherals and the CPU. The most common operating systems on modern computers are 32 and 64-bit microprocessors. A 32-bit data bus contains thirty-two parallel lines between different structures. In contrast, a 64-bit data bus consists of sixty-four lines, allowing it to run twice as many data exchange processes (Farret et al., 2017). Hence, the fundamental difference between these two types of data buses is the speed at which they can process information. Similarly, the pace at which older versions run data depends on the number of paralleled copper wires between the CPU and other internal parts. Indeed, all these buses have one common function of interchanging data, but they vary in the rate at which operations are transferred due to their structural differences. Reference Farret, F. A., Simões, M. G., & Brandão, D. I. (2017). Instruments for Data Acquisition. In Electronic instrumentation for distributed generation and power processes (pp. 203-234). CRC Press.
Kudler’s Internal and External Stakeholders Kudler’s stakeholders comprise of employees such as the cashiers, managers and assistant managers of the stores, merchandisers who maintain stock at the shelves and specialists who advice customers depending on their purchasing needs (Hulsmann & Pfeffermann, 2011). The company also employs bakers who specialise in preparing fresh breads and pastries. Employees are part of the internal stakeholders since they rely on the company for their own upkeep. The affairs of the company and how management runs the company therefore has a direct impact on the wellbeing of employees. Being a privately owned small company, Kudler Fine Foods does not have shareholders from members of the public. The owner of the company is Kathy Kudler and she runs the company with the assistance of her store managers. The external stakeholders of Kudler are more than the internal stakeholders. The customers are diversified and from different backgrounds. The first shop of Kudler was opened in La Jolla in California where the larger customer segment comes from. The customers of KFF are the majority external stakeholders since they have built the company with their demand for fine quality food. Kudler uses organic ingredients to prepare the food products which are stocked. This means that organic farmers are also part of the external stakeholders of Kudler. Kudler Fine Foods deals with wholesalers who supply them with the foodstuffs which they stock. Suppliers also supply Kudler with ingredients such as meat, flour, necessary preservatives and wine. Kathy gets financing from banks which extend credit when there is need. Competitors such as major supermarket chains and specialty stores rely on KFF for the growth of the foods industry through the meeting of consumer demand. The Stakeholder’s Wants and Needs The internal stakeholders of Kudler Fine Foods expect sustainable growth and long term success of the company (Lenssen, Gasparski, Rok & Lacy, 2006). The owner, Kathy Kudler, expects her employees to deliver quality services to the customers. She expects her three store managers to run her stores efficiently so that they can all grow and realize their potential. She also expects her suppliers to provide her stores with quality ingredients which the company uses to produce their stock. In the business of foodstuffs, it is important that the raw materials be of good quality so that the end product is of high quality as well. Kathy Kudle
Independent T-Test The statistical test Independent t-test. The Problem The student t-test is a parametric test, which implies that the sampling distribution should be normal and the variances should be equal (Field, 2013; Warner, 2012). This question aims to determine whether wearing an invisibility coat (independent variable) determines the incidence of mischievous acts (dependent variable). Research question Does the number of mischievous acts increase when an invisibility cloak is worn compared to when the cloak is not worn? The hypotheses The null hypothesis is that the means of mischievous acts in people wearing the invisibility cloak and those without the invisibility cloak are equal: H 0 : u 1 = u 2. The alternate hypothesis is that the means of mischievous acts in the two groups are not equivalent: H A : u 1 ≠ u 2. Findings Output 1 shows the group statistics for each category. There were 12 participants in each group as indicated by the row labeled N. The average number of mischievous acts for the group that did not have the invisibility cloak was 3.75. This group had a standard deviation of 1.913 and a standard error of 0.552. The bootstrap standard error estimate was 0.53 with a confidence interval of the means ranging from 2.92 to 4.58. The standard error of means was estimated by finding the quotient of the standard deviation and the square root of N (Carlson & Winquist, 2017). SE = 1.913/√12 = 1.913/3.464 = 0.552. On the other hand, the group with the invisibility cloak reported an average of 5 mischievous acts, a standard deviation of 1.651, and a standard error of 0.477. The bootstrap standard error reduced to 0.46, and the range of the confidence interval for the mean was from 4.33 to 5.67. Comparing the confidence intervals of the two groups showed an overlap, which insinuates that the two groups may be from the same population (Jackson, 2012). Output 2 shows Levene’s test, which indicates whether the variances are equal or unequal. When Levene’s test yields a significant outcome (at p values less than 0.05), the variances are unequal, which violates the law of homogeneity (Carlson & Winquist, 2017). In such a case, the value of t when equal variances are not assumed should be used in Output 3. In this case, Levene’s test was insignificant (p= 0.101). Therefore, it was correct to assume that the variances between the groups were equal. The overall finding was that subjects who received the invisibility cloak engaged more in mischievous acts (Mean = 5, Standard error = 0.48), than those who did not wear the cloak (M = 3.75, SE = 0.55). This difference, −1.25, BCa 95% CI [−2.695, 0.070], was not significant t(22) = −1.71, p =.101. To determine the significance of the impact of the cloaks (-1.25), the following calculation was done: d = (5-3.75)/1.91 d = 0.65. This value shows that there was 0.
Executive Summary The BlackBerry Company is a brand name that has thrived in the market for a long time. However, this situation is slowly changing due to stiff competition from other companies. Companies such as Nokia and Apple are developing more attractive and versatile devices that are highly preferred by users. Besides, the BlackBerry has not done much to market its existing devices and this has worked against the market performance of its brands as most potential customers has developed uninformed negative opinions about BlackBerry products. As a result, the company has recorded a significant decline in sales, market share and shares value. This report presents the BlackBerry case from an economics point of view and identifies various steps that can be taken to address the situation. The paper is divided into key areas namely: description of company; the problem; solution to the problem and; ethical issues involved. Description of the Organization Company Overview Founded in 1984, the BlackBerry is a multinational mobile communications company that has transformed the mobile industry over the years (BlackBerry 2014a). The company was the first to introduce smartphones in the market in 1999. It is a NASDAQ listed company with institutions holding a significant stake of its shares as outlined in Table 1 (NASDAQ 2014): Table 1: The BlackBerry holder share positions as at October 2014. Generated from NASDAQ (2014). Institutional ownership 52.31%        Total shares outstanding $527 Million Total value of holdings 2.829 Million Nature of position                     Totals       Increased positions                    119,157,799  Decreased positions                    39, 534, 263 Held positions                         197, 215,569 Total institutional shares             275,907,631  Institutional holders                  262          Total shares held in company           275,907,631   The Organizational Structure The BlackBerry Company has several sections, which are grouped into three key departments namely; finance and accounts, facility management and human resource and administration. The departments are coordinated by the CEO office as illustrated the company’s organizational structure presented in Fig. 1. Fig. 1: BlackBerry organizational structure. Adopted from BlackBerry (2014b). According to BlackBerry (2014b), the responsibilities of each position are as follows. The Chief Executive Officer is also the executive chair of the company’s Board of Directors and doubles as the cofounder, in charge of QNX software systems. The enterprising engineer takes charge of managing the product and software sections while the global sales office oversees the sales in various BlackBerry outlets across the world. The devices and emerging s
Sunderland’s Management and work style Sunderland’s management style is a combination of autocratic. From the case study, it is evident that coworkers consider Sunderland’s management style to be formal but effective. A formal management style is autocratic and employees are required to completely follow instructions issued by the top management to the letter. Sunderland is described in the case study as “always setting expectations at the outset of a project” which have to be achieved. Sunderland uses the autocratic approach to ensure organizational project goals and objectives are achieved. According to the case study, Sunderland is highly valued because she ensures that project goals are achieved as required. Sunderland is described as having a “great strategic mindset”, which implies that she is highly focused and inflexible. Sunderland’s autocratic management style provides her with a competitive edge in pushing for the development of the best ideas and products for the client. Her focus is on the best product that best suits the needs of the customer. She strives to be efficient in planning, organizing, and directing employees to provide the best solutions to the client. Sunderland is described as a “doer” in her working style. The case study describes Sunderland as a focused, inflexible, demanding, and a single minded person. Doers execute tasks with a lot of attention to detail, a description that Sunderland fits well into. Sunderland has a legitimate source of power because of the position she holds in the company. Her position is based on experience and professional qualifications which fit into the job description she holds. In addition, she holds expert power because of her skills, knowledge, and experience from previous positions held in other companies. She also holds coercive power which enables her to influence the people to perform according to the expectations of the customer. An assessment of Sunderland’s emotional intell
Client Information The client HC, commonly referred to by his mother, is a 16-year-old male of Korean origin (Lee, 2011). Although he currently resides in the United States with his mother and brother, the client did not want to relocate from Korea. HC is a student and has a process addiction known as internet gaming addiction. Assessment As noted above, HC suffers from online game addiction. Its principal physiological procedure is playing online video games at the expense of time spent used for other healthy activities (Lee, 2011). Although HC suffers from addiction, he is surrounded by an appropriate environment to stop this addiction. He has a supportive family (his brother, mother, and father) ready to help him overcome his obsession. For instance, his mother promises to reward him for the successful completion of therapy. His father is trying to reach out to him to perform healthy activities and spend time together (Lee, 2011). It is important to note that HC does not have friends suffering from online gaming addiction; instead, they spend time playing outdoor activities such as basketball. HC does not work and his friends at school adhere to the same principles as those who play basketball, meaning they discourage internet gaming addiction (Lee, 2011). HC’s philosophical stand is to stop the addiction, meaning that he is motivated and hopes that the obsession will end. Addiction Information Although the gaming disorder was recently acknowledged by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the 11th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11), released in June 2018, computers games development started in the 1960s (Griffiths & Pontes, 2020). At the time, computer games had not yet evolved to become online until the 1990s when networking of computers started. By this time, people had started suffering from gaming addiction described as the excessive use of time in playing computer games than healthy activities. The World Health Assembly approved online gaming addiction in 2019 as stipulated in ICD-11 that is set to take effect in 2022. It is worth noting that the American Psychiatric Association (APA) does not recognize it as a disorder but categorizes it as an ailment requiring further studies (Griffiths & Pontes, 2020). HC Addiction History The addiction process started at a very young age of 7 years, back when HC and his family members were in Korea before shifting to the US (Lee, 2011). When he moved to the US, he did not speak proper English, making it difficult for him to make friends. His social relationship skills continued to deteriorate, and he became a loner. Since his mother and brother came home in the evening, most of the time he was bored at home (Lee, 2011). HC resulted in playing online video games to kill the boredom, which in turn resulted in addiction. HC’s internet gaming addiction has had adverse physiological effects on his behavior and mental processes since he is av
Introduction In any country, birthrate is one of the most significant measures of demographic health. One of the crucial problems of this system is teen pregnancy, which involves health, social, and economic costs for a large number of families. However, this phenomenon has an impact not only on mothers and their children but on the whole society and the general economic situation in the country. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), “the teen birth rate has declined 63 percent from 1991 to 2012”, although there remain approximately 1,700 underage girls giving birth every week (“Preventing teen pregnancy,” 2015, para. 2). According to the official representatives of the country, the rates are still high, presenting an important public health problem with numerous consequences. There is a variety of strategies, which are suggested to help in preventing adolescent pregnancy, which can be implemented at the family and community levels, including social programs, sexual behavior education, and proper contraceptive counseling. Teenage Pregnancy Rates in New Jersey Teenage Birth and Pregnancy Statistics Today, many women prefer to have children later in life. According to the statistics, birth rates among females in their 20s and under are at historic lows (Eunjung Cha, 2017). However, the problem of adolescent pregnancies remains a major one, influencing the economics of the United States. According to the CDC, the national teen birth rate has significantly decreased over the last 20 years, but the numbers are still high (“Preventing teen pregnancy,” 2015). One of the reports compared data from 1991 and 2012 and showed that 73 percent of adolescents had not yet engaged in sex, and 90 percent of those who had used birth control methods (Livio, 2019). The state of New Jersey has generally been demonstrating lower teen birth rates than the national average. New Jersey made a serious progress regarding the problem of teen pregnancies, seriously lowering the statistics, compared to other states. Between 1991 and 2018, the birth rate among teenagers in New Jersey declined by 75% (“New Jersey data”). However, the figures are still high as, for example, in 2018, there were 2,814 births given by underage girls (“New J
From 2016 to 2018, this study summarizes sport fisheries in the Anchorage Management Area. They contained a description and historical background of each sport fishery, as well as information on how each fishery is now managed, as well as performance and escapement data for 2016–2018. According to the report, reductions in the number and size of fish available for release in locally stocked lakes have had a detrimental impact on local fisheries’ popularity and productivity. It should be mentioned that because this source gives statistical data, it may be trusted. All of this will surely be beneficial to the study, as official data must be considered. The sport fisheries in the North Gulf Coast Management Area are discussed in this study. A summary and overview of each fishery are included, and information on how the fisheries are managed and fishery performance and escapement from 2016 to 2018. This report is provided by the official department that controls fishing activities in Alaska. However, it should be noted that this source can be considered reliable as it provides statistical information. All this will undoubtedly be useful for research since it is necessary to take into account official data. The intricacy of variables that restrict or encourage diversity in Alaskan fisheries, one of the world’s most important fishing locations, is examined in this case study. They looked at changes in participation and portfolio variety in Alaskan fisheries over three decades using a mix of harvest statistics and literature reviews. The four case studies looked at how fishers, fleets, and communities responded to various interconnected stressors, such as biological decreases, market and pricing dynamics, and fisheries privatization. Experts also verified this article, which is reflected in the reliability and accuracy of the information provided. It will be useful for research because it reflects current trends and factors affecting the spread of sport fishing. The results of an online survey of a randomly selected sample of Alaska sport fishing license holders are presented in this paper. The poll had 3,955 responses and was conducted in June 2018. In general, the study aimed to learn about respondents’ grasp of sport fish rules (SFR) as well as their preferences for communication strategies. Our report gives us the ability to conclude the laws and acts governing sport fishing today. This is especially important for the study, as it provides information from the interviewed fishers. According to this study, the high expenses of participation in catch-sharing programs reduced subsistence fishing activity due to salmon reduction, and complicated laws are the biggest problems that fishing communities face when it comes to fisheries management. For coping with these obstacles, social networks exist; fisheries information and resources like
Native Americans have been the land rulers for over ten millennia, until the emigrants inhabit the territories, starting demoralizing politics towards these people. Indigenous people experienced harsh methods of Americans to conquer the land they lived on. As a result, the nation was shrinking, and emigrants either demolished people or made them accept their rules and culture. The before and after photo of a native American student is vivid evidence of American influence on the disappearing cultural heritage. The presented photo was taken by the Carlisle Indian School members, a Native American boarding school. It depicts an astounding transformation of a Native American teenager that lost all of his significant cultural traits during three years in the school from 1882 to 1886 ( Tom Torlino student file , n.d.). Such a photo is