ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the comprehension of concepts which were presented during classes by ensuring the development of a plan aimed at assessing learner performances. A plan is put together in a portfolio blog elaborating on learning outcomes and purpose- wherefore the purpose of the plan is stated. The context of the assessment is the identification of a task familiar to learners; a holistic rubric is also developed in this context. Learning Outcomes Recently, there is an increased recognition by schools nation-over (in the United States) towards complete commitment to the teaching-learning process which ensures assessment and the documentation of the extent of comprehension by students under a given academic setting. As much as this tool is put together to maximally benefit the learner, through assessment of outcomes, it has become imperative to emphasis more students focused learning improvement. The Outcome Assessment, in a way, is developed from freethinking based on an established educational outcome. An Outcome Assessment (or a QA) may therefore be said to be a process involving the collection of information that expresses the degree to which an institution’s influences or activities are functional. Otherwise, the QA reflects a question of how much influence the institution has on its target(s). From the blog, an attempt was made to ascertain statistical values of a given sets of data- such as the mean. It was noted that the mean made a provision that expressed the behavioural expectancy from a selected number of respondents. The mean was noted to have provided an average of the behavioural expectations for the respondents. The significance of arriving at a mean was stressed to reflect the characteristics of the sample that was studied. The study was relevant as the ten respondents gave vital replies based on their preferences. A qualitative analysis from the result therefore revealed possible trends towards human behavioural patterns. A clear advantage of the use of a QA is that if systematically employed, it provided analysis that is helpful across all layers of an institution for the administration to students. As regarding the students, the QA helps through the following: it enables the students to have a clear expectation of a program and also gives them information which they may make use of in conducting a transparent and consistent analysis; it is a reassurance for the actualization of the general content through the entire course sections; it makes it easier for students to arrive at more acceptable decisions as this is based on outcomes arrived at by the participants. The QA also helps the students to arrive at functional and non-functional parts of a program and facilitates beneficial interdisciplinary/intercampus discussions. The following are also noted:   * The QA provides strong evidences for the justification of resources required in the maintenance and improvement of programs while it enables them to express their individual/collective stories; and   * It makes a provision that reassures the relevance and of course the core value th
At the present day, the most important aspect of Marcus Aurelius’ Meditations comes in the form of advice concerning pain, illness, anxiety, and loss. In the time of the pandemic, much of Auerlieus’s philosophies sound relevant, due to the fact that he lived through and even wrote The Meditations during plagues. As such, the book offers ways in which it can be possible to cope and develop a psychological resilience to the events occurring during the pandemic. It is the innate belief of a Stoic philosopher that true good is within the character and actions of a person, and the belief has a strong distinction between what we can and cannot control. It can also be referred to as the dichotomy of control, which states that what happens to a person is never in their complete control, unlike their actions and thoughts, which are. He believes that “everything that happens, happens as it should, and if you observe carefully you will find this to be so” (Aurelius, 2002). This can work to alleviate stress, as one can come to realize that though the pandemic is happening it is not within the control of any individual, while an individual’s response and attitude during the pandemic is. More advice can be taken from Aurelius in the beginning of The Meditations in which he describes the qualities in the people he admires. He is able to hypothesize about which virtues exist in him that can assist with the present situations, which then leads to asking about how others are able to cope with a similar situation. From a Stoic perspective, a person is able to consider character strengths, such as wisdom, self-discipline, or patience, in oneself and others in times that are full of adversity. Following the advice of Aurelius, a person can expand on their better qualities during a time of adversity such a pandemic in their daily life and interactions with others. Work Cited Aurelius, Marcus. The Meditations . Random House, 2002.
Introduction Democracy is a form of governance where people engage in free and fair elections coming up with a leader. The people vest the supreme power on the leader(s) they choose. The pillars of democracy include sovereignty of the people, majority rule, equality before law, minority rights, constitutional limits of the government, and guarantee of basic human rights among others. Democracies differ from one nation to another due to differences in constitutions of the nations in question. The constitutions aim at providing nations with the type of governance that best suit their needs (Alexis, 2000, p.7). Democratic systems differ in the mode of election of the head of the government as well as the power vested on the leaders by the constitution. This paper details the democracies represented by the United States and Britain with reference to the legislative and executive structures and processes in the two nations. The United States and Britain democracies These nations exhibit differences in their forms of governance. The United States uses a presidential system of governance whereby, the president is not only the head of state, but also the head of the government. A national election process leads to the election of the president. Nevertheless, this form of democracy is not the case with the parliamentary system practiced in Britain. The leader of the party with the majority of members in the parliament becomes the prime minister and the head of government while the Queen is the head of state (Blackstone, 1765, p.12). The prime minister retains his/her power if s/he does not lose the support of the other members of the party. In a parliamentary system, members of the cabinet are part of the parliament. Owing to this, both the legislature and executives of the government are the same in governance. Parliamentary system does not require the formation of committees during the making of laws as well as policies; it relies on professional advice. On the other hand, in a pr
In my workplace, a transformational leadership style is a key approach to managing processes and encouraging employees. This style creates a positive working environment and focuses on empowering employees to share their ideas and cooperate with each other. It seems to be the most effective leadership to ensure that open communication and creative thinking are the main advantages of teamwork and expected results (Lussier & Achua, 2015). In terms of the democratic style that was also used by my employer, employees were often asked to express their opinions, which promoted team spirit and greater trust among the colleagues. I have observed how the leader identified the goals to be achieved, but the ways to do it were to be decided by the team members. Both transformational and democratic styles aligned well with my company’s business strategies that were focused on fostering a corporate culture and inspiring the workforce to avoid clichés and practice training and innovative approaches. I have also experienced the execution of the autocratic style of leadership that requires little initiative from employees and implies that the leader is all-knowing. This style proved to be ineffective since the workforce did not cooperate, and the goals set were not achieved in time. Many avoidable mistakes were made due to a lack of knowledge of some employees, while others were not expected to consult their colleagues (Lussier & Achua, 2015). Accordingly, business strategies were not consistent with the autocratic style of leadership, which lead to decreased profits and a lack of customer interest. However, it seems that this style can be beneficial as a temporary decision f
Introduction The case study in this paper is based on Greater Providence Deposit and Trust in which an employee in management embezzled funds in loan disbursement. This discussion focuses on the improvement of control procedures in disbursement of loan funds, loan review procedures and the role of segregation of duties in this fraud as well as the auditors in detecting the fraud and the control environment of greater providence in terms of deficiency. Improvement of Control Procedures in Disbursement of Loan Funds Greater Providence Deposit and Trust needs to be aware of the fraud risks it faces especially in its dealings with loans. This will require the improvement of its internal control systems to be able to identify, detect, mitigate and prevent fraud (KPMG, 2006). There is need for proper authorization of transactions and activities in light of loan disbursements. This calls for the proper controls in the authority of loan disbursement whereby when authority is given there are measures to ensure that the limit of authority is actually followed. It is recommendable for the segregation of duties in ensuring proper authority (Romney & Steinbard, 2009). This will require that although the branch manager has the authority to make consumer loans, the limit is reduced and revised while the actual processing of such transactions is checked by another person. Further, the authority needs to be improved by increasing the number of people that can authorize loans and making provisions for double signatures from the authorities (KPMG, 2006). It is necessary to ensure the changes and rotation of top management in positions of authority such as branch management over certain periods with other requirements of vacations regularly to allow the review of their work (Romney & Steinbard, 2009). The actual requirements for loan eligibility have to be adequately followed. This will require the checks for security with the scrutiny of the records of the client credit history. Greater Providence also requires the proper screening of the background of employees especially if they are considered for management positions and for opportunities that can lead to fraud such as accessibility to loans (KPMG, 2006). This scrutiny is for the financial records, criminal records, past employment
Introduction Bribery may be defined as an illegal act or an offence that involves offering and giving something such as money to gain an illicit and undue advantage. The world in general has witnessed incidences of corruption, including bribery, with the Arab world being identified as one of the areas where bribery is rampant. Generally, the Arab world includes various countries of the Middle East, among them being Egypt, Iraq, Iran, Qatar, UAE, Lebanon, and Saudi Arabia among others. In these Arab countries, although bribery is seen as an illegitimate act, it is also generally accepted as a social norm that binds people together, especially due to lack of democracy. Therefore, bribery may have both negative and positive consequences to the people in Arab countries. Some of the negative consequences and disadvantages to a country include inflation and poor governance. Nevertheless, different types of bribery in the Arab world have negatively affected the lives of people by creating tension in various countries, although the society views bribery as a means of acquiring the elusive democracy. Types of bribery There are different types of bribery witnessed in different countries around the world. In Arab countries, bribery is usually known ‘asrachwa’ while in Spanish and French speaking countries, it is known as ‘mordida’ and ‘desssousde-table’ respectively. Different types of bribery include the use of gift, sop, favor, sweetheart deals, kickbacks, funding, secret commission, promotion, donation, and lucrative contract among many other forms and types (Reader, 1997). Bribery is always divided into two forms: Firstly, there are those bribes that involve the person in power being given offerings and other items in order to use his or her position in the office unjustly to benefit others. The second form of bribery involves cases where someone obtains power due to suffrages of those who have the ability to do it or use the power more appropriately. In such cases, a person who obtains and receives the bribe is able to influence the process unjustly and ensure that the bribery process is successful. Bribery is usually seen in various instances; for example, a police officer may be seen receiving money from motorists who are involved in minor offences such as over-speeding in order to let them off the hook. Another example of bribery is an instance where a citizen gives out money to a police officer during check-up in order to avoid being checked. Furthermore, bribery also takes the type of “a secret commission,
Introduction In business and economics, PEST Analysis is an acronym that identifies the different aspects of the economy. These aspects are economic political, technological and social factors that affect the external environment of a firm. It involves a process of environmental scanning of factors comprised in the macro-environment of an economy. The significance of this analysis to an organisation is that it forms a foundation for marketing and advertising process (Quin, 2009). Successful PEST analysis helps the organisation to develop the mission and visions for its business operation. It also helps the firm to formulate plans and strategies of the firm. Statement of Hypothesis Does macro environment have long-term effects to organisations? Literature Review The external environment of an organisation plays a major role in determining the value of a firm. This is because it dictates the outcomes the firm is able to achieve through its business operation. It is therefore important for the organisation to carry out PEST market analysis before developing its plans and strategies (Allen, 2009). The firm should asses the market as well as the competitors existing in the economic environment through environmental scanning. In identifying political factors, the firm should analyse the political stability of an economy. It also identifies the legal factors that govern a specified business operation. The organisation should identify the pressure exerted on pricing due to these factors. It should also understand the scope of services allowed in the economy (Bangs, 2002). In economic factors, the firm should ident
The end of life of the greater part of the patients can be characterized by their experience of distressing symptoms and the seriousness of the issue accounts for the importance and necessity of application of palliative care (American College of Physicians – American Society of Internal Medicine and End-of-Life Consensus Panel, 2001, p. 3). The same authors state that palliative care, the main focus of which is comfort and psychological support of the patient serves as the foundation for all health care (American College of Physicians – American Society of Internal Medicine and End-of-Life Consensus Panel, 2001, p. 3), which accounts for the importance of the present paper. The paper is devoted to the analysis of the two articles about end-of-life care in hospitals. However, the authors throw light on the common topic by applying different methodological approaches. The analyzed article under the title “To Live Until You Die: Quality of Life at the End of Life” by Cramer (2010) is devoted to the issue of early introduction of palliative care in cancer experience (p. 53). In short and concise subsections, the author presents her opinion on the quality of life of patients, difficult conversations, presence, and communication as the necessary elements of palliative care. The author attributes the role of teachers to nurses; the idea of the article is that nurses can and should be the main effective bearers of palliative care. Though the scientific foundation of the article cannot be questioned, and credibility of the material presented can be justified by the fact that the author is a clinical administrative supervisor at Tampa General Hospital and oncology, palliative care, critical care, and pediatric/neonatal educator at Real Nurse Ed in Tampa, FL. (Cramer, 2010, p. 55), the article can hardly be called the account of an experiment. It can rather be qualified as a motivation article aimed at nurses as the main administers of palliative care. The greater part of the article is based on the professional experience of the author, the only experimental ground the author presents is “a prospective, longitudinal, multiple cohort studies of 332 patient and caregiver dyads” that studies the state of patients about the effectiveness of end-of-life discussions they are given (Cramer, 2010, p. 55). However, it is difficult to comment on the selection of participants, their experience, and the choice of data collection instruments since they are not mentioned by the researcher. Thus, additional information on the study is needed. In contrast to the above-analyzed article, the second article under analysis, “End-of-life Care in Hospital: A Descriptive Study of All Inpatient Deaths in 1 Year.” by Abel and Rich, can be considered an investigation. The study was aimed at the quantitative assessment of the patients who died i
Introduction The media also known as the fourth state plays an instrumental role in keeping the public informed of what is happening locally, regionally and even beyond the borders as well as keeping the other three estates of the government namely the judiciary, the executive and the legislature in check. Indeed, there is not another sector that can fill the gap that is played by the media. However, as is the case with very other aspect life, there are always two sides of the coin. While the media may be very crucial in the role that it plays, there is another side of it which is sometimes that leaves a lot to be desired. The focus of this discussion is a broad and in-depth look at some of the cons of the media. The discussion will also look at some of the impacts that the media has had on people. A society without the mass media perhaps would be deprived of development because information is power and it this power that brings about empowerment and therefore development. However, is the media perhaps aware of the great power it holds over the society and that sometimes overstep its mandate causing negative impacts on the society? Television This is one of the most popular forms of mass media which commands a large following especially in the first world and now more recently in the developing countries. Televisions have been accused of airing content that more often than not tends to corrupt the minds of people and especially the young people. Looking at the kind of content that is aired on televisions, there is need to worry because there are many programmes that depict violence and sexual scenes. Most of the young people consider what is aired on television as trendy and fashionable (Katz 245). Therefore, if there is a lot of violence and sex that characterizes most of these programmes then, it is becoming rather obvious that the morals of the society are becoming corrupted (Oppenheim and Helen 76). Many governments have tried to intervene by asking television stations to rate programmes but this has not helped much especially with the advent of cable television where the content is unrated and more often explicit. This has seen more youth getting hooked to pornography and drug abuse as this is what they see on television. Newspapers Newspapers have been seen as one of the most analytical and informative form of mass media (Lake 29). While newspapers have continued to play a key role in dissemination of information to the public, it has also been criticised for focussing more on the commercial aspect over the aspect of keeping the public informed. Many times stories that are of public interest are usually cut short or spiked (thrown out) to give space for advertisers. The ultimate goals of every mass media is to keep the public informed, educated and entertained. However, with the advent of time, entrepreneurial and commercial interests have taken preference at the advent of the public being informed. In addition, newspapers contain opinions and analysis which are a reflection of views of some people which may not be necessarily shared by the majority of the people. These divergent opinions may interfere with t
Executive Summary In order to establish a successful business, it is important to develop a comprehensive strategic plan, which is the basic blueprint for the actualization of a business plan. Reflectively, the strategic plan is inclusive of the business environment, penetration strategies, and success measurement parameters at the micro and macro business environment. This strategic plan is for the Early Learning Center, located in the UAE, within the region of Abu Dhabi. The mission of the business is to provide the most cost-effective and reliable nursery services within the targeted region and beyond. The business will serve customers from high and low economic ends since daycare services are used across all classes. At present, the nursery service industry within the targeted region is relatively non competitive since there are few centers offering these services. Thus, the Early Learning Center is projected to penetrate this market within very minimal resistance. External Environmental Analysis Demographic Environment The population in the United Arab Emirates is one of the fastest-growing in the world. The population increased from 1.0 million in 1980 to 8.4 million in 2010 (Dagnino & Rocco, 2013). Projections made by the United Nations show that the population will increase further to reach 15.5 million by the year 2050. Therefore, the demand for the ECLC product exists and is sustainable in the UAE market since every household is a potential client as long as they have children. This population increase will create demand for the nursery services offered by the ECLC. Economic Environment The UAE is amongst the leading oil producers in the world. The recent rise in oil prices has increased government spending. By combining the increase in government expenditure with vibrant tourism, transport, and trade, the outcome is a favorable environment to conduct digital marketing. For 12 months to May 2013, inflation rose by an average of 0.7% (Cheverton, 2012). An increase in government expenditure implies that there is more money in circulation and people can afford to pay for nursery services for their children. Cultural Environment Heritage and culture are valued by the targeted market. The United Arab Emirates is a diverse, multi-ethnic, and multicultural society, which makes it a perfect destination for the highly stratified ECLC nursery services (Blythe, 2011). High rates of literacy in the UAE mean that demand for nursery services is on the rise. Besides, Urdu, Arabic, English, and Hindi languages are spoken in the UAE. This makes it easier to tailor a marketing language. Considering that Islam is the main religion in the UAE, the