ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The Two Paths The history of Vietnam can be regarded as an example of the struggle of nationalists that had different approaches in mind. The two groups wanted to make Vietnam an independent state where people could enjoy liberty. However, the two groups had different approaches, and they also used different tools to achieve their aims. It is also necessary to add that the two groups resorted to the help of other states (the so-called third force). This shaped the struggle and created two different camps. One camp was represented by communist nationalists (led by Ho Chi Minh), and the other was represented by anti-communist nationalists (Dinh Diem was one of the most significant leaders within the camp). As has been mentioned above, the two camps fought for the independence of the Vietnamese but used different tools. Firstly, communist nationalists tried to adopt the ways used in the USSR. They wanted to eliminate private ownership and make the Vietnamese create collective enterprises. They also focused on the development of industries. However, Diem and his supporters did not want to accept the communist approach as they were “wary of the communists for reasons of experience” (Miller 435). Diem wanted to follow the example of European countries and the USA. Notably, Diem also wanted to start a “social revolution” (quoted in Miller 440). Thus, he did not want to adopt radical ways of the communists of the USSR. However, he believed he could help workers and peasants live better. Diem thought he could build a just society where people would share socialistic values. Remarkably, Diem did not provide a specific political program or particular strategies to achieve his aims (Miller 440). Diem also wanted to focus on the development of technology rather than industries (Miller 445). Secondly, the point that made the two camps differently was the attitude towards religion. Ho Chi Minh was born into a family that practiced Confucianism. However, the communist ideology had a very specific attitude towards religions. The communist ideology was turned into a religion. However, Diem was a devout Catholic, and he promoted Christian values. He also attended the Vatican and communicated with various Catholic leaders. Thus, Diem thought Catholic values could help the Vietnamese develop a just and strong society. Finally, the two camps also addressed different ‘third forces.’ Thus, Ho Chi Minh addressed the USSR and China for help, while Diem addressed such countries as Japan, France, and the USA. It is necessary to note that this collaboration affected the development of the country and the escalation of the conflict. Moreover, Vietnam became a “key Cold War battleground” (Miller, 445). Thus, the USA and the USSR tried to prove that their ways
Introduction Being healthy is of great importance to our lives, and people are constantly looking for ways to maintain good health. One condition that is detrimental to good health is obesity, which is characterized by excessive weight. This condition increases the likelihood of developing diseases and diminishes the quality of life for the person. Obesity has emerged as one of the most important issues threatening human health in modern society. The World Health Organization reports that the prevalence of Obesity in Europe has tripled since the 1980s, and the numbers are rising even higher (par.1). Being overweight has numerous physical and psychological health consequences. It is, therefore, necessary for people to deal with obesity and maintain good health. There are many diet plans designed to assist people to quickly lose weight. These plans vary in their efficiency, health outcomes, and cost. It would be important to know how to select the most appropriate diet plan. However, there are a few general steps common to all weight loss plans. The Process The first step is determination and perseverance. Determination will cause someone to research on the various weight-loss strategies available. Determination and perseverance can be fostered by gaining a better understanding of the various risks associated with obesity. Head reveals that the alarming increase in the incidences of obesity in Western nations can be attributed to the lack of knowledge on the numerous adverse health impacts of obesity (1). When a person understands the risks of metabolic disease, cardiovascular complications, and premature death associated with obesity, he or she is likely to develop the determination to lose weight. A person will be prompted to seek a real solution to his/her weight problem when he/she understands that the excess weight can lead to chronic conditions such as diabetes and hypertension (Head 2). It is, therefore, important to look for information on the health consequences of diabetes in order to promote determination and perseverance to lose weight. An individual can also get determination by finding a support group. A person might find it hard to faithfully follow the weight loss program on his/her own. In such a case, a support group will be beneficial since it will connect the person with other individuals that are
In order to develop research plans for investigating the use of Internet by consumers for meeting their purchasing requirements, it is necessary to review not only the consumer behavioral and IT marketing sciences but also the statutory and commercial resources affecting consumer attitude in respect of Internet marketing. For pursuing such a research in depth about e- marketing, a detailed analysis in the areas covered by following factors is required to arrive at certain logical conclusions:  1. Consumer Behaviors  2. Websites’ impacts  3. Cross border purchasing  4. Brand/ reputation of seller  5. Social factors, and  6. Consumers’ rights Consumer Behaviors Research plans should include such consumer behavioral measuring factors that attract consumers towards Internet shopping. The factors that influence consumers behavior towards Internet shopping are as under:   * It has been observed that people who value their confidence and self- direction and dependence have a more favorable attitude towards e- shopping than those who are not self dependent and like to play the role of secondary and subordinator role in every aspect of life.   * The convenience of shopping, the range and variety of article and services offered through e- shopping attract busy people towards Internet for meting their needs. On the other hand those who are worried about security, loss of privacy, and reliability of ordering on line are found to be non-users of Internet for purchasing.   * One of the main attractions of Internet shopping is that Internet stores are always open, and that one can shop from one’s own premises. Thus there are a lot of timesavings by avoiding shopping trips.   * Prices of the products and services on e- shopping are not the real reasons to attract shoppers, it is the ability to research products, and to find desired products at likeable prices has become the driving force for attracting people towards e- shopping.   * Internet shopping offers the sense of learning experiences, and pleasurable involvement with the process of using Internet. This has considerable professional impact on web designing that promote Internet surfers to repeat their visits. Websites’ impacts The Internet makes available numerous information about the products and services that consumers are looking for. This information includes online product reviews provided by experts and the uncensored in- depth product information on a variety of web sites among many other sources. The web site mechanisms influence product choice and create conditions under which on line commerce gets a divine boost. Web sites backgrounds (or scenery) and interactive features like banners ads, popup windows can increase the communication between e- tailers and consumers and make it easier fo
Introduction As nature dictates in any work or organizational setting there has to be leaders and followers. Therefore, for management teams to ensure they achieve organizational goals by utilizing the existing work force there is need for adoption of correct leadership principles. These leadership principles will ensure that there exists good relationships between leaders and other employees, a primary contributor to organizational success. In many ways supervisors can act as success factors or obstacles to goal achievement depending on the nature of leadership guidelines they adopt. Supervisors are very important in an organizational setting owing to the fact that, they bridge the gap between top organizational management and employees. Hence, because of these there roles play a crucial part of not only ensuring that an organization achieves its long and short term goals, but also employees remain at all times motivated and perform their duties as required. To ensure the scheduling, organizing, recruitment, role assignment and the overall management of performance succeeds, supervisors have to embrace correct best practices in the following areas as discussed in this manual. These areas are application of good communication skills, adoption of good employee training mechanisms, embracing of appropriate methodologies of enhancing an organization’s productivity, application of good employee appraisal methodologies, use of correct contention solving principles, and ways of enhancing worker relationships. Demonstrating Communication Skills Good communication is one of the fundamental prerequisite of any organizations success. This is because depending on the mode leaders adopt to pass messages, different individuals will give such messages different interpretations, a factor that may result in many conflicts among employees and managements. Communication primarily entails the passing of thoughts, something that is compulsory for all supervisors (Adrian & Downs, 2004, pp. 2-3). This is because; from time to time supervisors are in the process of giving instructions and directions to other employees as concerns work performance and management’s expectation. Good communications in many ways guarantees employees job security and in many ways motivates employees because they will feel themselves as part of an organization’s key players. If by any means the communications channel has many deficits, it may make employees loose morale. This in many ways may contribute to reduced production in terms of quality and quantity, subdued
Overview Heriot-Watt University is located in Scotland’s city, Edinburgh and has four campuses in Dubai, Stromness (Scottish border), Riccarton and Galashiels. The university has a solid base of over 17,000 students (part-time and full-time students, distant learners, and supported learners). Among them, 10,500 studies through international programmes provided by learning partners while 7,000 study in Scotland universities with 1/3 rd being international students (Foskett and Foskett, 2006). Herriot-Watt University has become the first Scotland University to successfully set a campus in Dubai and deliver top-notch education within a first country. Also, Heriot-Watt has brilliant staff and strong research capabilities that have made it leading universities in the international league tables. Considering that Heriot-Watt is going international by expanding its campuses in Africa, the U.S. and Asia, what benefits and achievements will it get? Quality Education Strong numeracy and literacy skills required globally can never be underestimated. As the Education Services Australia (2011) notes, the achievements student make in learning institutions are key determinants of individual successes at economic and social levels. Therefore, there is increased importance of benchmarking and monitoring learning institutions to enhance the success-ability of individuals in our society. Going international by expanding to the U.S., Africa and Asia implies that Heriot Campuses will have the benefit of innovative assessments designed by the international experts. This will make sure that the universities attain rigorously monitored technical standards. Also, campuses will receive assessment results, which entail comparisons of a Heriot-Watt campus with other Heriot-Watt campuses. These results can help evaluate each campus on its own and come up with multi-faceted learning app
Opinions about Economics Economics focuses on understanding processes that are involved in producing, distributing, and consuming goods and services (Stiglitz et al. 3). Several opinions can be adopted about various aspects of economics. First, capitalism is aimed at making the rich richer and the poor poorer. The parts that could be ideological in the opinion are the wages of workers and levels of production. The assertion is not in line with Marx’s scheme of thinking about capitalism (Larrain 34; Robinson 1). For example, although he agrees that workers receive low wages while capitalistic investors enjoy excellent profits, he states that capitalistic investors are not focused on achieving excellent living standards (Robinson 2). The assertion could be disputed because investors in capitalistic markets do not raise workers’ salaries even though the costs of living keep on increasing. A second opinion is that investors in a capitalistic nation save because they would want to invest more funds in more business activities, which could be utilized to achieve more returns. About the opinion, it is prudent to appreciate that investments are a critical ideology (Larrain 10). A third opinion is based on political economy, which concentrates on various issues, such as sociology matters, political happenings, and economic performances of nations (Gilpin 24). Gilpin (13) argues that those political institutions play critical roles in the extent to which economies thrive. A fourth opinion is about motivation and scientific platforms that influence market equilibrium. Market equilibrium occurs when the level of demand equals the level of supply (Robinson 10; Stiglitz et al. 45). Various scholars have focused on understanding the aspect, and it has been shown to have great impacts on the behaviors of customers and inflation (Robinson 13). Ideology and Emotion in Forming Economic Views I am unsure about measuring uncertainty in economics while I have confidence in how inflation trends and monetary policy affect performances of economies. I would want to understand how uncertainty
Introduction In the present world where globalization and technology have taken center stage, a smooth interaction between people of different backgrounds and culture is very critical. Over the years, the question of multiculturalism has continued to receive recognition and many people are now seeking alternative ways to ensure that people can live and work together harmoniously. This paper examines the effects of cultural identity crisis and racism on the society. Cultural Identity Crisis and Its Impact on Society According to Hogan (2000), identity is best thought of as involving a representational or referential component and a procedural or skills component. Although the distinction is fairly standard in cognitive science, the terminologies vary greatly. The procedural component consists of a person’s unreflective knowledge about how to act or interact in diverse situations and includes knowledge about how to greet and address different people as well as how to take part in religious activities or work. The representational or referential component consists of a set of properties that define one’s self-understanding. Ordinarily, this set is organized in a hierarchical format considering that some properties are more central to a person’s self-definition than others. Sex, for instance, is regarded as being more central to an individual than his or her shoe size. Both sorts of identity are due to common social practices and not individual decisions. To a large extent, external contacts tend to radically disrupt indigenous culture. For many people, external contacts render traditional ideas uncertain and complicate the performance of traditional practices. In doing this, they make cultural identity a serious problem. While questions about an individual’s relation to his or her tradition may arise at any time, they take place with unique force and scope as external contacts intensify. This also happens as the degree of severance increases and internationalization of ideas and acts fade or shift between opposed cultures. In short, the conflicts tend to be so strong and persistent that they constitute a challenge to the individual’s cultural identity and by extension, his or her personal identity. Effects of Cultural Identity Crisis on Culturally Diverse Groups In general, cultural identity crisis affects how people interact with one another in different areas of their daily lives. Among others, it affects people’s eating habits, how they worship, where they choose to live or study, and how they socialize with others in the society. It is quite common to notice people making every attempt to change how they live in order to be accepted in a particular culture. Quite often, cultures that
To The Director World Health Organization, Dear Sir, On behalf of the House of Grace, I would like to take this opportunity to profusely thank you for what WHO is doing in ensuring that there is available medical care for every person. House of Grace is a non-governmental organization formed in 2002 to address the HIV/AIDS scourge that has become prevalent in Japan. Currently, the organization provides direct primary health care to about 3700 AIDS patients in wider Japan but our services are mostly concentrated in Yokohama. House of Grace was formed to help hundreds of thousands of migrants living in Japan who do not have access to primary health care. Currently, there are over 100,000 migrants living in Japan and most of them do not have access to medical care. Due to language barriers, the high cost of therapeutic care, and lack of health insurance, many of the migrants suffering from AIDS do not seek health care when they fall sick. The lack of access to health facilities has led to the rapid spread of HIV/AIDS among migrants. House of Grace ensures that the migrants affected by the disease receive ARV’S in a timely manner to prevent their conditions from worsening. Our health officials are tasked with providing free health consultations for all the migrants living in Japan. This involves the provision of telephone health care information for those migrants who are unable to get to Yokohama or our regional offices. In order to bridge the language barrier, our organization has hired interpreters who are on call around the clock to provide emergency support activities. In order to be able to reach as many migrants as possible, the organization trains and dispatches interpreters to support foreign HIV/AIDS patients. Additionally, the organization runs a program for health care support of HIV-positive foreigners living in and around Yokohama. To prevent the infection of new cases, the organization runs educational programs for HIV prevention among Thai emigrants. In the last few years, there has been an increased demand for telephone health care information for emigrants. Since the Japanese government has not been keen on providing health care support for the migrant population, our organization has taken it upon itself to support this cause in the best way we can. (Osborne 151) Due to the sharp rise in health care costs in Japan, our organization has recently been experiencing financial constraints. Within the next financial year, there is a big possibility that we will be forced to discontinue the outreach program to new migrants and instead concentrate on those who are already on our program. By supporting our organization, you will be helping to keep alive the hope of thousands of migrants who do not have access to health care. In order to continue supporting these migrants, our
Introduction Global warming is an issue that have made scientist to have sleepless nights trying to come up with solution of curbing it. Many governments have come up with law to regulate the emission of gases to the atmosphere that in turn causes global warming. There is clean Air Act that states that greenhouse gases are considered air pollutants and therefore provides strict regulations of dealing with it. Other countries are still pushing the United States to agree with other countries on the Kyoto protocol on global warming which was rejected by some powerful countries which compromise their economic status in expense of the environmental concerns which will affect almost every human being on earth. Main Part Global warming is believed to have been caused scientifically through the burning of various fossil fuels such garbage disposal; petrol, coal, and even electricity it is also believed that the burning of methane from domestic animals may also cause global warming. In this case we find that political leaders and business men have put this factor into consideration, whereby debates have come up to discuss on the ways of curbing this global warming by holding seminars and drafting policies to deal with it. Here, we find that the most industrialized countries such as the United States, Germany, Japan among others. These countries are being blamed for not strictly adhering to the Kyoto protocol which was signed by most countries and accepted as the only way to control climate change. (Maslin, 2004). Economic effects of global warming the effects of global warming are worse since this weather phenomenon is unpredictable. Insurance companies for example suffers a great lose when a weather condition such as the El Nino occur and damage property and businesses which makes it not only difficult to compensate but also expensive to cater for. In this case we find that the underdeveloped countries lack the capacity to counter for such disaster