ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction A cash flow statement is described under IAS 7 as a statement that shows the movement of funds in an organization. 1 The main purpose of preparing a cash flow statement is to provide data on all the cash inflows and outflows of a firm. It is a statement that is useful to not only the insiders but also the outsiders of the organization. Lenders and prospective lenders to the organization will be in a position to establish the status of the organization in terms of its cash flows and its ability to repay its obligations. This usually includes all the cash inflows and outflows and negates the non cash items like amortization and depreciation. Cash flow from operating activities This is an indirect way of preparing a cash flow statement. Since the firm got a loss, this does not represent an actual flow of cash, and so adjustments have to be made to get an actual figure for the cash outflow or inflow from operations 2 . This will call for the addition of noncash items that had been recognized as expenses and thus had been added, for example, Amortization of surface mine development and restoration assets, which had previously been recognized as an expense yet did not include an actual out flow of funds. Another example of an item that does not involve the flow of cash is the net increase in the fair value of the assets. The increase indicates that in the previous year, there had been a decline in the value of the assets. However, in 2008, there was an increase in the fair value of assets. This, however, does not involve an actual inflow of cash and, therefore, the need to carry out adjustments. Increase in fair value of assets  6 months to June 2009  6 months to June 2008 57213                             37385                  (19828)                At the same
The concept of globalization has positively contributed to expanding trading activities, border movements, and technology. Therefore, growth has enhanced continuous interaction among companies, businesses, people, and governments (Dillon, 2020). Thus, the result is robust international and economic growth that is beneficial to most of the population in different parts of the globe. This means that there is speedy delivery of goods and services, quality products that are cheap. The impacts of proliferation show its benefits which have a positive influence on economic expansion. The advantages outweigh the disadvantages hence depicting a promising future in terms of extension. The first perspective on globalization is economic growth, which requires capitalists to invest more to satisfy the expanding population. Therefore, the sole aim is to deliver quality, reliability, availability of goods on time, and ensure consumers access imports even which are not being manufactured within their locality. The economic perspective has led to the emergence of global towns and cities which function as a society. The performance is supported by advancements in technology that ensure speed, efficiency, and reliability in the towns, promoting trade. The second perspective is the political growth, which has led to denationalized states which can quickly adapt to the impacts of maturation. The political philosophy has also enabled swift control of the Internet, mergers, and security standards, allowing for the global world’s transition. Globalization, therefore, has its impacts and depends on how it is embraced. With some of its results, proliferation has an excellent chance to secure a better future since it has contributed to increased trade activities in different parts of the world. In conclusion, the developments have made various destinations easily accessible and trading activities easier to establish. Growth makes the future promising and easy to be in since the society is connected as one; hence more interaction and various ideas for change.
Distinctive Competence Air Hotel is an innovate concept that provides customers with a unique tourism option to live in an airplane that travels around the globe and stops to visit cities of clients’ choice. It should be stated that Air Hotel is not a brand name and a new label is to be elaborated that will be a part of intellectual property. The hotel is a Boing 777-300ER that has up to four separate rooms for guests with bathroom units and two areas for staff. The airplane is chosen, as it is comfortable, relatively spacious, reliable, smooth in flight, and cost-efficient (“777-200LR / -300ER / -Freighter” 1-2). Customers are offered to pick a tourist route that is designed to visit different cities according to the theme of interest. The common themes for sets of destinations are partying, theatres, museums, beaches, exotic countries. Customers can alter or create their own set of destinations to visit the cities they want. In short, the central idea is similar to cruise liners with a faster way to travel and increased cost for the clients. Air Hotel is a luxurious vacation option, as even on board guests will be offered the best service and entertainment. The rooms for customers will be equipped with everything needed to have a pleasing hotel experience, and the airplane crew will provide all the necessary room services. The hotel will have a restaurant and a socialization area with additional amusements, such as billiards, video games, gambling, and massage. The hotel will have two double rooms and two single ones. Even though onboard entertainment options will be limited due to space restrictions, the fact will be compensated by amusements offered during staying in every city. The possible extensions of the business idea vary depending upon the demand. First, there may appear separate Air Hotel parking in major airports around the world where people can socialize during their stay. Second, additional services may be offered, such as city transportation (taxi services) and spa. Third, other airplanes may be utilized: smaller for individual use and more spacious that has more rooms, various amusement options, and even a small garage for guests’ vehicles. In brief, the idea can be developed in several areas that may attract more customers in the future. Market Analysis As the concept of Air Hotel is an innovation, it does not have an apparent market it will enter. It can be assumed that the business will compete in one of the three possible markets: hotel industry, luxury traveling, and the cruise industry. Upon thorough consideration, it has been decided that the luxury cruise market is the closest to the idea of the Air Hotel, as it also includes onboard services and visiting different locations. Therefore, for the present business plan, it would be beneficial to analyze the market and state its size, trends, needs, and barriers for entering. Currently, the
Introduction Abraham Lincoln, James Madison, and John Adams are all well esteemed in America for having served as presidents in the American state at some point in time. Abraham Lincoln and James Madison served the nation as presidents for two terms, while John Adams served the nation for just one term. There existed various issues that were evident during the assumption of power and the reign of each of the aforementioned presidents. In order to understand these important issues, we shall discuss several aspects, including the president’s backgrounds, campaigns and elections; domestic and foreign affairs. Some factors, which affect how presidential candidates conduct their activities, include prior experience in campaigning for lower offices before seeking for the presidency and the mode of office occupancy. By the mode of office occupancy, I mean, whether the candidate assumed the office by the virtue of being the vice president at the time of the president’s death or whether the candidate was actually engaged in active politics so as to win the seat by means of his active and fruitful efforts. When presidents assume their offices, they encounter numerous domestic and foreign issues. Some of these issues could have been prevalent even during their campaigns while others emerge during their rule. For the prevalent issues, it is most likely that the leader had laid down policies on how to tackle them, in form of manifestos, during the campaigns. Hence, the leader needs to follow his policies so as to gain his electorate’s trust. For the emerging issues, the leader has to structure new policies of handling them. Taking all the aforesaid into consideration, I will note that in my work I have the primary purpose to research what makes a good president taking into account the facts from John Adams, James Madison and Abraham Lincoln presidency, their backgrounds, election campaigns, domestic and foreign affairs in particular. Backgrounds In order to understand how these three men became presidents, I did a lot of research on their backgrounds. I think that all of them started to develop their individual characteristics, which helped them to get to the top of their live performance, during childhood and early career life. From the research, I learned that a person should be a leader to become a president. Leadership is a very important characteristic that can be developed and strengthened, or be naturally part of the personality. First of all, to become a president of the United States, a person should be native-born. Adams, Madison and Lincoln were born on the territory of the United States, but at different times. All of them spent their childhood years at the farm. Then life was harsh and dangerous, and they had to face tough challenges. Accordingly, they learned to be independent and face problematic times from a very young age. Their minds were more imaginative and more interested in building a better life, especially, when they got to the president’s office. During their childhood, James Madison was growing not a healthy boy. He stayed close to his mother’s side. He was painfully shy. John Adams growin
Environmental degradation impacts of concrete use in construction Environmental degradation is not specific to certain borders. Dealing with it is efficient for environmental protection to solve the many environmental issues faced by modern societies such as water and air pollution, industrial accidents, and hazardous waste among others (Croitoru, Sarraf & Arif, 2010). Environmental policies at the European, national, and international policies are put in place to ensure equal and fair competition among the construction industry. In the absence of these common standards and policies, there is a risk of “eco- protection” where the national regulations become barriers to trade (Stubbs & Dering, 2002). Environmental policies have been adopted by various governments and organizations to ensure that the world is engaged in sustainable activities. In this case, there are legal and constitutional implications. The European Union Environmental policy is central to the European project and has produced tangible evidence of benefits to its citizens. The European Union has been responsible for the great improvement in the quality of air and water. It has also played a critical role in the eradication of hazardous pollutants such as lead in petrol. This high-level protection of the environment promotes eco-innovation, which leads to the improvement of the efficiency of the industry and employment opportunities. Energy conservation, use of natural resources and raw materials, and increasing productivity are key to any economy that is sustainable, resource-efficient, and competitive. This strategy will help the world to develop in a low carbon environment, one that is resource-constrained. This strategy will prevent degradation of the environment loss of biodiversity and resource un-sustainability. Implementation of such policies ensures maintenance of environmental progress and that benefits of health and environment from the policy materialize as intended at the time of its implementation (Department of Environment and conservation, 2004). Implications of environmental management for a proposed project Fresh motors of concrete are toxic to life in the marine. Runoff from equipment’s washing, leaking, or disposal of concrete eventually drains into waterways. This can cause serious degradation to the environment. In addition, it is also forbidden by law and mostly results in a penalty from the appropriate management system followed by a notice to clean up (Moncmanová, 2007). Understanding and following the regulations by the environmental management system is meant to reduce the likelihood of environmental pollution to a great extent in concrete activities. The practices include the following: Wash-down of equipment on a building site There should be an establishment of a wash-down area on the site. Thi
A healthy lifestyle and a well-balanced diet are both essential for the well-being of modern society. Nevertheless, obesity, malnutrition, and eating disorders are becoming increasingly alarming problems in today’s world. Moreover, an unhealthy diet can accompany and exacerbate conditions such as stress, depression, and overwork. By applying for the Dietetic Internship at Florida International University, I am looking forward to integrating my knowledge of balanced nutrition into counseling people to gain healthier eating habits. Coming from Middle Eastern origins, gatherings mostly revolved around food. Whenever there was a celebration food had to be present. Although my dad’s side of the family suffered from obesity and diabetes, they did not have the tools to understand how nutrition could improve regarding chronic diseases. Seeing some of my family members pass away from these diseases made me want to provide a better and well-rounded understanding of nutrition. Facilitating people is a goal that I would like to achieve while educating people that do not have enough knowledge or any background in nutrition. Having food is a necessity but in some countries, food and water are not available. I aim to achieve availability and accessibility concerning nutrition education in third-world countries. Throughout my life, I have been interested in a healthy lifestyle. I have often shared what I learned with my cousins and other family members. The information that I knew was inaccessible to those without such education, and it made me think about how much society influences what is right and wrong to eat. With my own family as an example, I can assert that both extreme low-calorie diets and overeating do not improve a person’s mental and physical condition. Currently, my primary goal is to help people get better in their nutritional patterns and come into harmony with themselves, letting them know that food is not bad to eat, but that it fuels a healthier life. Therefore, my strongest motivation and aim to become a registered dietitian is to educate people about the incredible opportunities for proper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle. I believe that a dietitian can genuinely make a difference in changing the situation with a growing number of diagnosed overweight and improper eating habits for the better. My personal and academic experience demonstrate enthusiasm in this internship. My initial goal was to translate personal interests into a professional skill, which I hope to achieve in my career. Over the past academic years, I have participated in various nutrition-related activities to increase and expand my knowledge and different areas of the topic such as community nutrition and clinical nutrition. Attending courses and workshops on dietetics deepened my knowledge and understanding of a professional dietician’s role in society. In addition, I actively performed group and indiv
Introduction One of the most confounding concepts on the discipline of political theory is the issue of property. Classical philosophers like Plato and Aristotle dedicate a large part of their work to speculations about the state of nature and property ownership. However, a comprehensive theoretical exploration of the concept of private property ownership is credited to relatively modern philosophers like Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. The writings of Locke and Rousseau on property ownership are quite fascinating to compare. Both philosophers portray the early stages of man in what they refer to as the state of nature. This paper takes a critical look at Rousseau’s conceptualization of private property and the state in relation to Locke’s work on the subject. Origin of Property in the State of Nature According to Locke, man is driven out of his primitive state by his desire to satisfy his needs. He believes that man is able to acquire only the basic essentials while in the primitive state. John Locke perceives the issue of property acquisition from the standpoint of land. He asserts that land increases in value and productivity due to cultivation. Therefore, labor is the foundation on which one can claim property ownership. If a person works tilling land, then the land belongs to him while the one who constructs a house owns the house. Locke proposes certain principles, which must be adhered to for ownership of land and property to be permissible. He asserts that man must not harvest from nature in excess of what he can use. When accumulating property, man must ensure that there is enough left to satisfy the needs of others. In an apparent response to Locke’s ideas on the origin of private property, Rousseau maintains that man is completely solitary in the unadulterated state of events. He believes that, in this state, man is only motivated by individual desires and procreates only during accidental encounters with the other sex (Rousseau 63). He is deeply opposed to Locke’s idea of man as a sociable being. In his state of nature, man lacks the ability to identify even their own offspring. In the state of nature, Locke and Rousseau seem to agree on several issues especially the theoretical nature of their conceptualization. Rousseau concurs that the state of nature is a largely nonviolent period. However, his revelation of the state of nature is much more appealing. While Locke appears to insinuate that man has progressed out of this state of nature, Rousseau praises it as a period of harmony and virtue. In addition, Rousseau does not simply take the contemporary man and place him in the state of nature. Instead, he makes a convincing
APC Function and Colon Tumors Approximately 80% of colon tumors show a loss in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) function because of mutations that lead to the deactivation of the APC gene. The APC gene serves as a central gatekeeper gene in colon cancer. APC is crucial in the Wnt signaling pathway as well as the regulation of β-catenin. The unquestioned tumor suppressor function of APC occurs through the formation of a compound that destroys cancerous cells. This complex is formed by the combination of APC with Axin/Axin2 and GSK-3β (Eshghifar, Farrokhi, Naji, & Zali, 2017). When a Wnt signal is lacking, the complex plays a vital role in the ubiquitination and consequent proteasomal breakdown of the oncogene β-catenin. Consequently, the loss of APC function causes a buildup of β-catenin, which moves to the nucleus and involves the Tcf/Lef transcription factor composite to trigger the transcription of numerous recipient genes such as c-myc, cyclinD1, and CRD-BP (Eshghifar et al., 2017). The upshots of uncontrolled β-catenin activity with respect to tumorigenesis is linked to the direct prompting of cellular growth and propagation in addition to the disturbance of differentiation schedules (Cai, Maitra, Anders, Taketo, & Pan, 2015). Another role of APC is the promotion of microtubule stability in several cellular contexts. Nevertheless, the magnitude of the impact of interfering with this role in tumor development is unclear. Studies have reported that stabilized β-catenin is sufficient to instigate intestinal polyposis in mice thereby indicating that interfering with microtubule-binding functions of APC is not a prerequisite for early tumorigenesis (Cai et al., 2015). In the investigations, it was shown that mice homozygous for the 1638T APC allele devoid of the microtubule- and EB1-binding areas of APC did not develop tumors. However, the β-catenin binding domains of the mice were intact. The findings of the investigation led to the conclusion that interfering with the microtubule functions of APC influences tumor advancement rather than tumor induction. Chromosomal deletions that affect the DCC and p53 genes have also been implicated in the deactivation of tumor suppressor genes, which leads to the development of colon tumors. The Regulation of p53 in Normal Cells Under normal conditions, p53 is in a dormant state and does not get involved in the progression of the cell cycle and existence. Studies show that mice with p53 genes knocked-out go through normal development and maturation, signifying that p53 is not indispensable for normal growth and development (Muller & Vousden, 2013). Nonetheless, different conditions, which signify varying forms of stress that promote the development of malignant cells, can trigger a fast initiation of p53 activity. Examples of such conditions include obvious DNA destruction in addition to the impairment of constituents that play a role in the correct handling and separation of cellular genetic substance. Other conditions include a diminution of ribonucleotides, heat shock, lack of oxygen, and
Do you think that improvement in implicit learning tasks such as the serial reaction time task in the ZAP is due to cognitive factors (learning a rule), or to getting faster at carrying out the motor component of the task? The easiest way to explain the difference between implicit and explicit types of learning is to think of the latter as active learning and of the former – as passive one (Bruneau, n. d.). The experiment at ZAP website focuses on implicit learning and stimulates the learners to think about the mechanisms that facilitate it. The question is whether it is our mind or body that works as an agent in implicit learning. During the experiment with the sequence of circles, implicit learning occurred due to exposure to a practical task. In implicit learning no instructions as to the rule are provided, the learner gets to sort and process the new information on their own (Jenkins, 2012). In my opinion, reactions to the same sequence of circles over time minimize because our body memorizes the motions. As a result, it works like muscle memory (an examinee’s hand, eyes, and other muscles involved catch the pattern and follow it). This way, crossing one’s hands and repeating the same test with the same sequence shows slower results because a new hand needs to be trained to recognize and follow the sequence of circles all over again. Why should using digits (numbers) typically yield the largest memory span, over that of letters, words, or nonsense syllables? Sequences of numbers are easier to memorize than nonsense syllables, words, and letters because they contain universal meaning, whereas words and syllables have individual meanings that are specific from a person to a person. To improve one’s ability to memorize letters, it is best to break them into groups that would turn them into homogenous chunks (Pinola, 2012). In other words, adding some meaning to the meaningless sequences makes them easier to remember. Regular practice of memorizing strings of numbers may improve one’s memory and also help them raise overall mental abilities and become a better worker, student, professional (Goldberg, 2011). Reference List Bruneau, E. (n.d.). Implicit vs. Explicit Learning Activity. Web. Goldberg, J. G. (2011). How Increasing Your Brain’s ‘Digit Span’ Can Improve Overall Function . Web. Jenkins, B. (2012). Implicit vs. Explicit Instruction: Which is Better for Word Learning?. Web. Pinola, M. (2012). Improve Your Memory with The Chunking Technique . Web.