ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The Contextual Environment Type of Organisation St. John of God Health Care is “a not-for-profit ministry of the Catholic Church” which was founded by the Sisters of St John of God in Western Australia in 1895 (“A Reason to Hope,” 2011, p. 2). In 2007, it merged with another non-profit organisation, the Hospitaller Order of St John of God and now it is third largest Australian private hospital operator (“A Reason to Hope,” 2011). Philosophy of Organisation Mission of Organisation The organization’s mission is to “respond to needs in society without discrimination” by “promoting the physical, psychological, emotional and spiritual well-being of the people” the organisation serves “by offering compassion, hospitality, justice, respect and trust” (“Annual Review,” 2011). Client Group Served St John of God Health Care operates thirteen hospitals in New South Wales, Western Australia and Victoria and provides health care services to “people experiencing disadvantages” (“First Foundations Laid for Midland Hospitals,” 2012, n.p.). The organisation provides health care services for people who have substance abuse history, who suffer from psychological disorders, etc. (“Annual Review,” 2011). For instance, it has been involved in such incentives as assistance to women who experienced domestic violence, etc. (“First Foundations Laid for Midland Hospitals,” 2012). Policies and Principles The organisation follows a number of principles. The organisation pays special attention to expanding the range of services implementing surveys to reveal people’s needs (“Annual Review,” 2011). It also invests in research that helps to develop new tools to help patients. Furthermore, development and training of the staff is one of the major objectives of the organisation. Finally, the organisation follows principle of environmental sustainability. Goals The major goals of the organisation are as follows:  1. Sustaining and developing a values-led culture  2. Sustaining and developing Hospitaller Services’ assets  3. Sustaining and improving existing services  4. Developing new services  5. Influencing futures (“Annual Review,” 2011, p. 3) Resources The organisation operates a number of laboratories, which enables the organisation to have twenty-one research projects (including six independent projects) aimed at developing new strategies and techniques to address the needs of people with pathology (“A Reason to Hope,” 2011). The organisation employs 9,535 healthcare professionals (4,089 of these are nurses). There are 296 doctors and 3,379 private specialists (“A Reason to Hope,” 2011, p. 59). In addition, the organisation invites volunteers to cooperate. The organisation also initiates various projects where undergraduates participate. The organisation invests in the development of its professionals. The organisation receives financial support from the Australian government and receives donations from different organisations and individuals. Notably, Australian government acknowl
A Comparison There are big differences between societies in 5000 BCE to 3000 BCE and 476 to 500 CE are dramatic. The first time frame is pre-Christian while the second is a Christian era in full swing. The first recorded history begins around 5000 BCE when the first calendar made by the Egyptians is used. It was regulated by the sun and the moon and had 360 days. Each of the twelve months had 30 days. The first Jewish calendar appears shortly thereafter with the first year being -3760. Daily life between 5000 BCE and 3000 BCE includes the use of white-painted pottery made in Egypt and Southern Europe. In the Russian region and China multicolored ceramics are popular. Prior to 4000 BCE was the Paleolithic and Neolithic era where society consisted of hunter-gatherer groups of 20-30 people each. They moved from one place to another in search of food and shelter. Men did most of the hunting while women did most of the gathering because of the need to nurse infants and care for young children. Women normally stayed near camp (Hunt, p5-7). “Technological innovation helped Paleolithic people increase their chances for survival; an important innovation was the control of fire, which helped people stay warm in cold climates and allowed indigestible wild plants to be cooked and made edible and nutritious food (Hunt, p5). Cities begin to form with the Sumerians settling in the city of Babylon. This period of time is the height of Sumerian civilization. In the area of Mesopotamia, floods create havoc. Semitic tribes occupy Assyria and Neolithic settlements appear in Crete. Technology begins to affect daily life. The Bronze Age is in a swing in Bohemia were masons and smiths begin to create useful wares. Wheeled vehicles appear in Sumeria. Mesopotamians are using a potter’s wheel by this time. The economy of this time is primarily agricultural-based. In Egypt, the people plowed, used manure to fertilize, and raked their fields. Wrestling is the first popular sport. Sumerians use clay tablets to write on and use pictographs to express language. Later, writing appears in the form of wedge shapes (cuneiform). By the time of the second period of this comparison the Huns have withdrawn from Europe, Venice had been established by refugees from Attila’s Huns. Anglo-Saxons of this period are now wearing shirts, tunics, and coats. Religion continues to be an important element in people’s lives except that Christianity has taken hold in many parts of the Middle East and Europe. By this time frame, the first plans of the Vatican Palace (Rome) had been developed. Philosophy and learning have also taken hold with Shinto Shrines in Japan, the Platonic Academy in Athens, and St. Benedict becoming the patriarch of monasticism in the West. For the first time, period writing was just becoming popular as a way to record history and religion. By the time of the second period in this comparison poets and poetry were
Abstract This study focuses on the logistics involved in the proposed expansion of Zip Performance Auto Parts into Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The study is divided into three important chapters; chapter one introduces the research, chapter two presents the literature reviewed through academic sources and chapter three presents the research methodology that was adopted in the study. The research problem to be solved was the logistical challenges that would face Zip as it expanded to the Brazilian market. These challenges mostly relate to operations and distribution of the Zip products. The research questions to be solved were based on the market of Zip, the profit margin and the competition (Warf et al., 2002). The researcher adopted descriptive study design since descriptive studies were used in the research. Surveys were adopted to reach out to the respondents who comprised of managers and subordinates of a few selected companies that were operating in Brazil. The survey instruments will be emailed directly to the respondents; these will encourage open responses to sensitive questions and anonymity among the respondents. The sampling design adopted was census sampling, since the target population comprising managers and subordinates was not large since a few companies were selected for analysis. It is expected that these respondents will furnish the researcher with the requisite information required to undertake this study. Data collected will be analyzed through descriptive statistics and presented in tables and charts. Throughout the study, the research has reviewed journals and academic sources to support the literature needed for the study. This study will be mainly concerned with the breadth and not the depth of the study (Kotabe et al., 2002). CHAPTER 1 Introduction This chapter introduces the entire research and also provides a theoretical background on which the study is based. It further outlines the problem statement to be solved (the gap to be filled), the purpose of the study, research questions and the organization of the study. Background of the study Logistics is a process involving actionable transportation and storage of materials. An organization is differentiated in the industry by its ability to perform logistical functions efficiently and effectively. Logistical tasks form a subset of the entire supply and chain management system. Such elements as “the cost, accuracy, and efficiency are the key factors vital for an effective logistics management system” (Ruigrok & Wagner, 2003). The logistics process involves subsets of processes incorporated within the handling of materials and warehousing of finished products. Logistics operations of Zip Performance Auto Parts are envisaged to widen in scope. In Latin America, Brazil is the largest market economy owing to its Gross Domestic Product (GDP). As a result of its economic growth and GDP, Brazil is ranked as the seventh-largest economy in the world. In 2013, “a 2.5 % economy growth was achieved in Brazil” (Mentzer, 2001). In the recent past, there has been an increasin
Introduction Airline workers are habitually exposed to numerous hazards, the significance of which can vary from minor to immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH). Airline personnel often have to handle chemical agents in their occupational settings. Exposure to liquids such as kerosene, naphthenic oils, propylene glycol, and Sulphur, among others, can result in eye trauma. Despite the fact that the majority of ophthalmological problems caused by a chemical exposure does not require hospitalization, almost 2 percent of patients presenting in emergency departments experience some form of visual morbidity (Karydes, Zautcke, & Zell-Kanter, 2011). This paper aims to discuss personal protection equipment (PPE) in aviation, its effectiveness, and other controls that can be used for eye trauma prevention. Discussion In their workplaces, airline mechanics are exposed to lubricants, jet fuel, de-icing agents, and hydraulic fluids, which pose such health hazards as carcinogenicity, irritation, corrosion, and inflammability, among others (EHS, n.d.). Moreover, mechanics performing maintenance and repair tasks on a hangar floor are expected to wear PPE, such as safety goggles. In addition to chemical hazards, the use of pneumatic or drilling equipment is associated with mechanical hazards that can result in adverse health outcomes. According to the Federal Aviation Administration’s System Safety Process, if a risk cannot be eliminated, an organization has to reduce its severity by introducing changes in the process, behavior, and procedures (Ferguson & Nelson, 2012). Most of the workplace eye injuries can be prevented with the help of PPE. Modern protective eyewear has numerous options that conform to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards. Also, there are clip-on side protectors that can be worn with prescription glasses (Refermat, 2014). Airline personnel that uses chemical compounds for aircraft maintenance are especially prone to ocular hazards; therefore, it is necessary to educate them about proper methods of eye injury prevention. Unfortunately, even those workers that wear eyewear PPE are not perfectly safe. A study by Karydes et al. (2011) reveals that “in spite of reportedly wearing eye PPE, 44 percent of respondents suffered an eye injury” (p. 1065). A lack of training is confirmed by the findings of the same study, which suggests that only 20 percent of those workers who reported having worn eye PPE had been trained to properly use it (Karydes et al., 2011). Moreover, only 27 percent of airline mechanics believe that it is necessary to wear safety glasses on the shop floor (Refermat, 2014). It means that there is a pressing need for more control over the enforcement of OSHA standards. Employee training is an effective instrument for improving workers’ self-efficacy and ensuring that they comply with P
Introduction Two novels, Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte and Wide Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys have been considered as seminal works in relation to feminism and the development of the female character. While Charlotte Bronte wrote her novel a few centuries before Jean Rhys wrote her novel in the 1980s and the work of Jean Rhys acts as a prequel to Jane Eyre. The paper provides an analysis of the two novels and presents some salient facts related to the character development and the era in which the two authors lived. In this paper, first, an analysis of both the novels is performed and a section that gives a comparison of the two works is provided. Analysis of Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte Charlotte Bronte who lived in England from 1816 to 1855, set the story in Britain of the 1800s when societal disparities were at their peak, the industrial revolution was at its peak and the deprived lived under distressing conditions. Jane Eyre was an orphan who lived with her aunt, Mrs, Reed, and her cousins. Her immediate kin regarded her more as a burden and made her do all the hard work and she lived in a constant environment of scorn and hatred. After a few years, she went to Lowood School, which was a semi-charitable institution for girls, graduated with honors, and took up a job as a teacher. After some years she went to Thornwood Manor, owned by Edward Rochester, to care for his ward Adele. Jane loved the place and gradually fell in love with Thornwood who proposed to her. Edward had hidden the fact that he was married and that his wife was a raving lunatic of Jamaican origin and imprisoned in the manor and though Jane heard the madwoman making noises, Rochester exerted his influence to dissuade her. Jane also discovers that she had an uncle who was ready to adopt her but Mrs. Reed revealed this fact as she lay on her deathbed and she had hidden this fact as she disliked Jane. On the day of the marriage, the lunatic managed to enter Jane’s room and tore up her dress. The marriage was halted by a Lawyer who claimed that Edward was already married. A deeply distressed Jane left the manor and landed in Marsh End, the home of St. John Rivers and his two sisters, Mary and Diana. These people loved and cared for her. John proposed marriage and he anted Jane to go with him to India, but she refused and she had a vision of Rochester calling her. She goes to Thornwood manor to find
Sociological theory is a complex theoretical and analytical inquiry that is used to explain a discourse of social study. Sociological study is well constructed under the auspices of sociological concepts. Of all sociological theorizations, the inception and continued stay of class in society has inspired many a theorists. The questions are why there are people of low class and others of higher class. Why has nature designed poor people and rich fortunate ones and why? In the helm of explaining this phenomena are Karl Marx, Max Weber and Emile Durkheim. Right from the time of Karl Marx, society acquired a new dimension in terms of stratification and class formation. Marx was a functionalist in the 1960s whose thought inspired many movements in the social sciences. Karl Marx endeavored to explain the reason as to why society is highly stratified and he did this from economic point of view. Karl Marx had noted that his society was dominated by people who own the means of production though they were a minority while proletariats or workers whose only commodity of sale was their mere labor are the majority. Interestingly, their lack of material possession had rendered them powerless economically and socially. For instance Marx noted that the bourgeoisie class depended on the working class. Actually industries produced their goods after workers worked and there was a lot of exploitation of the worker and this dehumanized the worker and occasioned his demotion to a lower status. It was his position that one’s humanity inheres in his labor and therefore, one is ultimately dehumanized whenever his or her labor is directed by another person. As a result of this, society is classified into the poor and the rich, the bourgeoisie and the workers. This would lead to rational choice theory whereby the interaction between the bourgeoisie and the working class is critically examined. Emile Durkheim on his side would explain class difference by claiming that out of this interaction and dominance search is born social facts (Bert 1). The working class, strewn of their social power and their lack of material wealth, prefer to be subservient and hence laying ground for exploitation, dehumanization and discrimination by the higher class. Social differences according to Durkheim are a product of inculcated ‘social facts’ for instance social norms, values, behavioral patterns; that exist and persist in a society so that they are deeply entrenched and alternatives are never to be embraced. Another social scientist, who came forward in the modern era to explain social differences, was Max Weber. He,
The public reflection on the legality and morality of capital punishment has over the years been well documented by historians, philosophers and other theorists amid the complexities and controversies the debate continues to attract. Although the practice is institutionalized and practiced in some countries, the raging debate about its appropriateness demonstrates a subtle balance of thought among critics and advocates that continues to be analyzed under the rubric of moral, legal, philosophical and political underpinnings (Homans 44). It is therefore the purpose of this essay to critically examine recent arguments in support and against the practice of capital punishment with a view to elucidating facts about its appropriateness or inappropriateness in modern society. It is indeed true that a growing number of countries across the world are abolishing capital punishment, which basically implies the lawful infliction of death as a form of punishment (Arguments para. 1). However, supporters of the practice continue to echo their concerns in popular media using deep-seated rationalistic arguments and counterarguments that aim to widen the focus and the historical framework of capital punishment. One school of thought argues that damages caused by some egregious behavior such as murder and rape cannot be sufficiently compensated, hence the need to formulate legislation that will provide optimum deterrence to the offender in the form of capital punishment (Baron 855). Undeniably, the stakes in support of capital punishment are even higher if such egregious conduct is proved beyond reasonable doubt by a court of law, or if the perpetrator readily admits to taking part in the murder or rape of the victim. In such scenarios, the upholding of capital punishment is seen as a necessary antidote to such uncivilized and inhuman behavior (Steiker & Stetker 649). In line with the above argument, supporters of capital punishment argue that the practice permanently removes thieves, murderers, rapists, and other criminals from the face of society, in the process making it safer for compliant members of society to leave in peace (Steiker & Stetker 651). This rationalistic argument is founded on the fact that dead criminals cannot in anyway engage in further criminal activities, either within prison or after being released into the public domain (Arguments para 9). This is, in my view, a flawed argument since it does not only lack any moral justification, but it denies the murderer or rapist the chance to reform and look upon life from a positive standpoint. Assuming a rather economic perspective, some pro-capital punishment advocates argue that limited state resources should be used on important issues rather than on long-term incarceration of murderers, rapists, and other criminals (Arguments para 10). Supporters of this school of thought argue that countries should not use an inexhaustible commodity such as money to cater for individuals condemned
What were the events leading to the Treaty of Paris in 1763? Discuss its effects There were three events that led to the Treaty of Paris in 1763: the war of the Polish Succession, the War of Austrian Succession, and the Seven Years’ War. The war of the Polish Succession resulted in the annexation of the important province (county of Bar) to the Polish king. In addition, a new Bourbon monarchy was established in southern Europe which ensured beneficial alliances with European leaders. As the result of the war of the Austrian Succession, Louis XV gained Belgium into possession of France, however, he was forced to give up Belgium as well as Savoy and Nice for the sake of peace. The Seven Years’ War has resulted in defeat as well. France became weaker and the Treaty of Paris obliged France to give up its colonies in the West Indies to England. Thus, the military failure of Louis XV resulted in the weakening of the French domination in colonies and the only way to prevent war was to sign a peace treaty. The Treaty of Paris saved France from another defeat. Discuss the intellectual ferment of the time and its long-range effects. Suggest reasons for the growth of dissent The vast majority of the French population was rural. However, the growing prosperity and the increase in population laid the foundation for the evolvement of intellectual society. The main reason for the growth of dissent is honesty and enlightenment of administration that promoted harmonization of the centralized policy. Administration promoted improvements in agriculture, tax collection, town planning, and other activities which enhanced the development of the population. The population was no longer interested in political, economic, and scientific questions. The conversations became more philosophical and critical. The long-range effects of intellectual movements were the cultural development of the French population and the resulting industrial revolution which brought economic benefits. Like his predecessors, Louis XV had to deal with religious controversy. Briefly compare and contrast the religious controversies of Louis XV’s reign with those of Louis XIV’s reign Louis XIV was inspired by the Duke of Saint-Simon and replaced ministers with six councils. Nevertheless, his lifestyle hardly corresponded to the Christian principles: even though he was honest, generous, and cultivated, he was lazy and lacked moral sense. Louis XIV spent his evenings in the company of fellow debauchees and did not feel the need to follow the church. Louis XV, on the contrary, was under influence of his tutor, the bishop of Frejus. Louis XV added the title of cardinal to this bishop. With the help of his tutor, Louis XV promoted peaceful domestic and foreign policies. Discuss the effects of Mme. de Pompadour’s influence over Louis XV Louis XV had a passion for women and never rejected the advances of ladies at court. Madame de Pompadour was a daughter of middle-class financiers; however, with the help o
Introduction The travel industry is one of the most lucrative service sectors in the UK. The industry accommodates various companies that offer different travel services such as vacation reservation via the Internet, tour operations, and travel agency professional services. Other sectors in the industry are cruise lines, airlines, food service companies, car renting, rail travel companies, meeting and conventions, parks, sporting and entertainment companies, publication organisations, marketing research organisations, and regulatory agencies. Each of these sectors has various organisations, which operate under competition. For instance, in the marketing sector, there are different organisations that offer marketing research services to various organisations that deal with travel services in the bid to help them analyse their industry trends to derive better strategies to retain and increase their market share. Competition also occurs between organisations in different sectors. For example, the airlines sector competes with companies that offer alternative means of travel such as the rail travel. The vast and the sheer number of organisations operating in the entire travel industry in the UK makes it impossible to conduct an overhaul examination of the services offered in the industry. This paper focuses only on the cruise lines sector. Operational cruise lines in the UK include Cruise and Maritime Voyages, European Water Ways, Fred Olsen Crui