ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction – Problem Statement Singapore Airlines (SAL) is one of the largest airlines in the world with a fleet of 103 aircraft that service both the domestic market within Singapore as well as several international locations (Company profile Singapore Airlines Limited SWOT Analysis, 2013). Starting from 2008 to the present, SAL has attempted to gain greater access into various markets within Asia, the U.S., South America and Europe due to perceived gains from establishing international routes between the U.S., South America, Europe and certain Asian cities (Company profile Singapore Airlines Limited SWOT Analysis, 2013). This paper will examine the reason behind the subsequent risks associated with such an expansion and the strategies the company may need to put in place in order to “ease into” the market segments that it is currently attempting to pursue. Current Problems within Traditional Markets Economic Recession The current problem with the airline passenger market within the Singapore economy is the fact that consumer spending is at an all-time low due to the present-day economic downturn (Francis, 2012). Unfortunately, the inherent problem with the current situation is that it creates a vicious cycle wherein low consumer spending results in companies reducing various aspects of their operational capacity (i.e. manufacturing of products, low-level employees, etc.) in order to remain in business which results in even lower consumer spending since people do not have jobs to support themselves anymore (Francis, 2012). Current Cycle of Economic Decline Another global factor that should be taken into consideration when conducting business operations is the current debt crisis in Europe that was brought about through not only the reckless actions of various banks within the region (as seen in the case of Ireland) but also through government mismanagement of finances (seen in the case of Greece) and exposure to a reckless housing market (the case of Spain) which has also adversely affected demand for products and services from Singapore. Such factors have taken a steep toll on the airline passenger market with up to 50% of profits effectively wiped out in the period immediately during the aftermath of the 2008 recession with only a marginal improvement on domestic flights in 2013. While it is expected that domestic and international demand should return to normal in time, the fact remains that SAL needs to be able to expand its services into other locations in order to survive the current downturn. Operational Strategy of Airlines Managing Risks in the Current Airline Industry Shifting to New Consumer Markets With low consumer spending and an atmosphere of economic uncertainty which pervades the domestic market, this has resulted in wasteful operational costs for SAL such as storage, utilities, taxes, worker salaries and employee benefits. The current consumer market situation within Singapore and other parts of Asia i
What is leadership? Leadership is an art of managing and developing strategies to be followed in an organization: the success of an organization depends on the quality of leaders; managerial decisions are the driving force of an organization. Leaders have the role of shaping and guiding an organization to its path to success. The structure of well-organized organization has leadership at different levels, from the chief executive officer who can be seen as the entire organizational leader to micro teams leaders. At all these levels, leaders need to make decisions that are responsive to the situation that the organization is going through. Their decisions must be timely and effective. Other than making business decisions, leaders have the task of managing their team members to the attainment of the set team goals and objectives. The attainment of team goals leads to the attainment of organizational goals and objectives; leadership is imperative for making a group into an orchestrate team (Parker, 2009). Mentoring One of the major roles of a manager is to mentor and develop human resources in his organization; they need to understand the potential that their company has and devise mechanisms to develop and tap intellectualism in the human resources. Every human resource has some potential in him that need to be developed, natured and exploited; it is the work of leaders to undertake these roles. Talents within a team need to be managed effectively to facilitate innovation and invention; this is how a team leader can have orchestrate robust team. Leadership traits Although different teams need different management approaches, there are some common characteristics that team managers should posses. Great team leaders understand and appreciate that the attainment of a team’s goals is pegged on the human resources a d their productivity; they thus are willing to empower and create good working environments such that the team can attain its set goals and objectives. Team members, as a pre-requisite before individual contribution, should feel appreciated and welcomed by the group environment that they are working in, the manager thus has the role of creating a conducive environment for team members to feel at motivated make decisions. Despite that team leaders are the controlling point, they need to have the passion and the will to conduct their businesses effectively. They should understand that one of the strongest attribute of leader is the ability to serve other. Team leaders should have the heart and will to serve other; to be an effective server, then one need to have perfect communication and listening skills strengthened by wisdom, knowledge and intelligence. Team members see the leaders as their role model
Introduction The gaming industry has recently become a sector of the economy which accumulates large financial resources. Its products are largely digital and aimed at entertainment (Marchand & Hennig-Thurau, 2013). The amount of content and the number of game-developers has dramatically increased given the interest of the public and technical capabilities of modern gaming platforms. The quality of some games, however, is a hot issue debated in the press and gaming forums. Given the history of successes and failures of big and small games and studios, it is paramount to inquire into the predictors of a good game. This explorative research will answer the question of whether a large budget and number of developers contribute to the quality of a game and its reception by the public and identify the key concerns of the gaming public relative to the upcoming games. Game Budget and Quality To approach answering this part of the question it is paramount to determine what a game’s quality consists of. One might argue that gamer’s opinions or public perception are the only quality assessment game developers need. Yet, evidence suggests, that opinion is a highly volatile assessment criterion because there is a large amount of subjectivity (Venturelli, Picovici, & Kehoe, 2014). The subjectivity, in this case, cannot be completely eliminated, yet can be reduced by combining various measurements (Sacranie, 2010). Therefore, the quality will be assessed through the number of bug reports and critic responses score. The gaming industry has a vast number of examples when developers infused their projects with large funds and failed to stand up to the quality standards of AAA-game (Superannuation, 2014). While it is rarely possible to eliminate every problem with the game in the development stage and most studios address their coding failures with frequent patches, a large number of bugs at release suggests that the final product lacks quality. One of the games that faced such an issue is Watch Dogs created by Ubisoft. The game budget, according to the game’s executive producer, Stéphane Decroix was 68 million dollars (Superannuation, 2014). The total number of employees was around 270 people with 90 programmers working on the code. Yet, upon release, many gamers faced connection issues, failed launches, in-game glitches, endless loading, and FPS problems reported by gamers in Ubisoft forums. Currently, the forum contains 15600 posts describing bugs and technical issues (Ubisoft, n.d.). The data suggests that in regard to the development the game came out to be of poor quality, at least at the start of sales. In relation to critics’ receptions, however, the game was well met. The authoritative game review agencies such as Euro Gamer, Game Informer, and PC Gamer gave it 77 points out of 100 (Metacritic, 2014). Another example of an event more expensive game that had issues with development is Mass Effect: Andromeda . According to Kent (2017), the game cost 100 million Canadian dollars and employed more than 200 developers. However, such a large budget did not save the studio from receiving critique for horrible
The destructive power of the conflict in terms of human history is vividly manifested in The Most Dangerous Game novel written by Richard Connell in 1924. It is a strangely unique short narrative, depicting multiple conflicts throughout the entire plot with the battling nature of the main characters. More specifically, Rainsford, a big-game hunter from New York and Zaroff, a Russian aristocrat, and the society itself. As the man who fought in the war himself, Connell created a story where one can sense the disastrous effect of the experienced violence. Considering this, the novel conveys the overall impact of the brutality on the minds of human beings, as part of society, by raising a question of the justifiable murder. Critical points of Richard Connell’s biography The celebrated American writer Richard Connell was born in Poughkeepsie, New York. He was a Harvard-trained newspaper reporter and an insatiable reader. Connell started writing since his early years and became an editor volunteer for the newspaper. He created an abundant heritage with more than 300 short stories over his comparatively short 30-year writing career (Grobman et al ., 2016). At an older age, he published many novels and short stories, among which was The Most Dangerous Game that brought him imperishable fame (Babamiri, 2017, p.1). The idea of the literary masterpiece is about losing self-control, about fear and frustrations, about the culture forming and civilization issues, as well as the adverse outcomes after the passage of the war. Summary of the novel and the analysis of Sanger Rainsford The story portrays the protagonist Sanger Rainsford, a young American writer and a world-renowned big-game hunter with the adventurous spirit. Rainsford, with another hunter Whitney, is sailing through the Caribbean on their way to Brazil, where they aimed to hunt jaguar up the Amazon River. As a combat veteran of World War I, Rainsford courageously endures the unfortunate accident of the shipwreck that occurs late one night and brings him to the rocky shore of the island. After the deepest sleep of his life and more exploration, Rainsford discovers, what seemed a mirage,
A media plan is a document that reflects the details of an advertising campaign. The difference between spontaneous advertising campaigns and well-thought-out media planning strategies is that the latter entails complex work with several advertising channels at once. This media plan is for brand advertising in social media. The optimal terms for such work can be six months or a year. The aspects being considered are the target audience, objectives, selected media mix, implementation of the plan, and reflective analysis of the choices. Target Audience For the best advertising result, it is essential to analyze the statistics of social media audiences and segments in networks. Category Development Index (CDI) is low, while Brand Development Index (BDI) is high, which signifies that low-cost and cost-effective methods and channels are used to increase the number of purchases of goods; priority is given to the prospect of long-term gradual growth. According to Raudeliūnienė et al. (2018), about 4 billion people are active users of the Internet and 2.7 billion use social media on a daily basis. Regarding media platforms, Facebook has more than 1.5 billion active users and Instagram – 600 million (Raudeliūnienė et al., 2018). The average user spends approximately 200 minutes per day on the Internet; the younger the social network audience, the more time it spends online (Raudeliūnienė et al., 2018). Older people are more likely to access social networks from a desktop, and the youngest in the vast majority of cases use smartphones. These two networks have one crucial advantage for users – it is widely used in cities. Gender distribution is 50/50; the average age is 30 years (Raudeliūnienė et al., 2018). At this age, consumers are actively working, have a steady income, and want to buy. A distinctive feature of the target audience is the binding to mobile networks. It is easy to draw attention to a product through successfully photographing as the audience demands visual content (Gümüş, 2017). Therefore, it is recommended that the brand increase its visibility on social media channels that are more visible such as Instagram. Overall, the target audience for the social media plan is young, active people about 25-30 years old, working and spending free time with friends and colleagues. Objectives There are several reasons for launching a marketing campaign on
Introduction The realization of successful transactions among people and/or institutions involves a negotiation process that leads to mutually accepted solutions. Negotiation can be understood as a process that involves two parties with different goals or needs based on a common issue. These two parties find a way of reaching an agreement. People conduct negotiations either face-to-face or through virtual means in business transactions, agreements, and court proceedings among others. One of the main conditions that must be realized is the acceptance of a win-win situation for the parties involved. In the absence of such conditions, concessions, goodwill, agreement, and better relationship can never be achieved. In the wake of increasing globalization and technological shifts, online negotiation has become an integral part of many businesses. In this case, the two parties meet virtually to reach a consensus. Under such environments, trust is a key ingredient for the successfulness of the negotiation process. The essay presents a detailed discussion on online negotiation. The first discussion will provide an overview of the definition of the negotiation process. It will also provide insight into the approaches to dialogue theories with a view of discussing how such concepts are important for the success of negotiations. Primarily, the essay will focus on online negotiation, its benefits, challenges, and ways of overcoming them. Overview of Negotiation Negotiation is a word derived from the Latin term ‘ Negotiationem ’ that means to bargain. The term is related to the needs of people who coexist in a particular region. In ancient ages, men used to negotiate their ways of possessing items or sharing their ideologies among families and clans (Daniels, Walker, and Emborg 14). Since people required peaceful coexistence in the wake of civilization, powerful negotiations were initiated to ensure that harmony and cooperation prevailed. Consultative bargaining soon erupted in the process with increased democracy and freedom of communication. In the business fields, negotiations have played major roles in the interventions of buyers and sellers (Daniels, Walker, and Emborg 14). In a political dimension, leaders strive to demark their territories through negotiations, especially in cases that involve the sharing of powers. In the society, social gatherings have been facilitated through negations. Events such as social celebrations where people from different backgrounds meet are normally realized through negotiation processes (Daniels, Walker, and Emborg 14). Approaches to Negotiation Theory Prescriptive, normative, or descriptive characteristics distinguish various categories of the negotiation theories. The nature of the theories has been based on various disciplines or perspectives in which they originate. From such disciplines, a discussion of negotiation definition can either be reflective on functional, disciplinary, or conceptual characteristics. Politicians see negotiation as a process used to bring the conflicting parties together based on the decision of unanimity rule. Other people have also viewed negotiation
Cyber bullying refers to threatening, lying or harassing a person through various electronic communication devices such as cell phones or computers. Cyber bullies harass their victims through emails, instant messages, text messages, blogs, and posting embarrassing information about a person to a website. Today, the issue of cyber bullying is treated as a serious problem because many people are able to gain access to the internet (Kowalski, Limber, & Patricia, 2012). The behaviours that should be described as cyber bullying include sending harassing messages, impersonating other people in order to gain the victim’s trust, posting other people’s personal information, and posting doctored pictures which belong to a certain person (Li, Cross, & Smith, 2012). Therefore, the goal of this paper is to analyse who the victims of cyber bullying are and the influence it has on them. Cyber bullies target all kinds of people who have access to the internet. They can target senior government officials, organizational managers, teachers, parents, children and teens. However, cyber bullying has a direct impact on children and teens. It also impacts on their their parents, teachers and friends based on the actions that the victims take after encountering cyber bullies. Cyber bullying is a serious offense because it makes the victims practice low self-esteem. The victims’ parents get stressed thereby making them encounter losses if the victims hurt themselves as a result of being bullied on the internet. Cyber bullying is known to impact young people in a significant manner. Studies reveal that more than one third of young people who get subjected to cyber bullying do not talk about the incidence (Li, Cross, & Smith, 2012). As a result, there are fears that the issue of cyber bullying will continue to rise as technology advances. In a research that was commissioned by Diana Award Children’s Organization, it is evident that 38 percent of young people have been victims of cyber bullying or they know someone who got involved in such a situation (Kowalski, Limber, & Patricia, 2012). Therefore, the research demonstrates that more effort needs to be made in order to help protect young people from cyber bullying because it causes low self-esteem and less confidence in the activities that they undertake in their daily lives. Children and teens are easy targets for cyber bullies since they do not have sufficient knowledge to help them in determining whether the people that they interact with over the internet are genuine. The advancement in cell phone and computer technology has made it possible for cyber bullies to gain a 24-hour access to the internet. This has made it easy for them to conduct their online activities in a more efficient manner. As a result, they are now able to convince their targets in a more effective manner thereby making them to fall prey to their online activities easily (Shariff, 2010). Online harassment is an issue that worries many people all over the world. In this case, cyber bullies torment other people with hateful and hurtful text messages, emails, blogs, and instant messages. These forms of harassment offend, humiliate, a
Introduction Research questions . Is hacking an internationally accepted concept? Can hacking be positive for security systems of different corporations and how? How the global community can encourage hackers to cooperate in improvement of security systems? What are the main goals of hackers when they break security systems of international corporations? What are potential threats of hacking if it is performed by competitors/enemies/terrorists? Working thesis . The possible advantage of cooperating with hackers for security systems mangers of international organizations and governmental organizations is the probability to recruit them and use their knowledge to empower different organizations to improve their security systems to prevent vulnerability of these systems and possible leakage of information with regard to the threat of terrorist attack. Problem Statement The problem concerning hacking exists since the late twentieth century but now it is based on the lack of knowledge and skills in professional system engineers who work for international corporations and governmental organizations. As such, investigation should include assessment of the technological basis of the organizations and their knowledge management and recruitment strategies opposed to advanced level of hackers who crack security systems all over the world. Besides, possible cooperation of hackers with terrorists and other organizations and people that impose potential threat on security systems of the countries should be excluded by recruiting hackers by government agencies and international corporations. Rationale for Study The reason for conducting the research is the emerging number of technological innovations that increase the possibility for security system invasions and the hypothetical ideas of
Introduction Cultural artifacts aid in depicting some of the most fundamental emotions and all-encompassing concepts: war, love, fear, and faith. Cultural artifacts as symbolic objects depicting the brutality of war and history. Cultural Artifacts: Impact on Individuals Cultural artifacts can convey major and complex emotions to the perception of individual people. Modern audiences connect to their history through the authenticity of artifacts. A true understanding of the brutality of war is better felt through the creations designed by artists with first-hand experience. Cultural Artifacts: Impact on Society In a broader social context, cultural artifacts act as attributes and markers of changing periods and major historical events. When studying history and sociology, liberal arts often rely on preserved artifacts to contextualize and humanize the facts that are available to them. Certain artifacts provide an insight into the social structure of a certain culture in general. Study of Humanities: Personal Impact Studying humanities has enriched my understanding of human psychology and the emotions of others in general. It allowed me to broaden my worldview and, by extension, improved my capacity for empathy. Cultural artifacts attracted my attention as the tangible manifestations of the main values of liberal arts. Study of Humanities: Professional Impact From a professional perspective, the study of humanities made me more equipped for any career that involves working with people. It allowed me to develop a creative approach to everyday activities and tasks. Generally,