ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Systemic, adversarial, and image crises can all have a significant impact on the organization and thus have to be handled effectively. For instance, a systemic crisis results in a domino effect, creating significant instability in the entire business sector. To handle this type of crisis effectively, PIOs have to ensure stable and comprehensive communication with the public. For example, it is crucial to ensure that all representatives broadcast the same message to the public, as this could help to avoid divergence. Moreover, using all available mediums to disseminate information is important, as it will ensure that the desired message reaches the public. An adversarial crisis, on the other hand, can damage the organization’s reputation and financial stability, which are usually the primary targets of an adversary’s attack. To respond to an adversarial crisis effectively, the PIO must ensure that the organization puts its best argument forward. Instead of releasing many small arguments, it is essential to choose two or three strongest points and to repeat them to the public and the media, as this can assist in winning the debate. Secondly, a PIO also needs to define the organization’s motive and the adversary’s motive, as this will help to choose the best course of action. Finally, an image crisis has the potential to destroy the organization’s reputation. To manage this type of crises efficiently, a PIO has to ensure full disclosure and transparency. To provide the public and the media with comprehensive information, the organization will need to hold an extensive press-conference and to respond to all questions from the media and the public.
Jacob Jankowski is the main character of the novel Water for Elephants by Sara Gruen. Considering the main traits of Jacob Jankowski, it may be stated that this person is too controversial. It is impossible to miss his complex character and opposing personality traits. Reading a book under discussion, many cases are found when Jacob Jankowski is depicted as a truthful and a liar, a hero and a coward, thoughtful and impulsive. It should be mentioned that the book under consideration clearly states the cases when Jacob Jankowski is presented as a liar and when he appears to be a truthful persons. Reading a novel, we can see that the truth is really important for the main character. For example, it is possible to remember the situation when Jacob was about to lose the house. However, he got to know that his parents had mortgaged a house before their death to pay Jacob’s tuition. Thus, he could not do it, he could not spend already lost house (Gruen 20). At the same time, Jacob lies in a very simple and unnecessary situation. He knows that a man who tells about his experience in bringing water to elephants lies, he still says nothing (Gruen 10). Isn’t it contradictory for Jacob Jankowski to cover a stranger’s lie and sacrifice personal house? Jacob Jankowski appears in the text as a person of contradicting nature, he seems to be both a hero and a coward. After parents’ death, Jacob has to live alone. He goes to a circuit to try to battle a Depression. Jacob may be considered as a hero when he collects his mind and makes a decision to join a circuit as the life this community leads is too complicated and extremely difficult. The ability to face this destiny impresses. However, the main character does not want to study. He drops exams as he is not sure, he is afraid of the future classes. He questions whether he is able to continue studying, he looks as a coward and disappears (Gruen 147). There is one more contradicting feature of Jacob Jankowski which should be considered in the paper. Jacob appears to be thoughtful and impulsive at one and the same time. The author of the book makes this person reasonable as thinking back about his past life in the circus Jacob provides
The business environment has transformed considerably since the introduction of web technologies. Electronic commerce (E-commerce) refers to the process of buying and selling of products, services of information via the internet. It is a fast growing facet of the internet that has changed the focus of businesses from manufacturing to customization in order to meet the diverse needs of consumers. E-commerce has also influenced the manner in which businesses relate to their customers, suppliers and rivals. It has allowed businesses of all sizes to overcome geographical and financial barriers to reaching a broad market across the globe. Conversely, consumers are able to conduct business with companies that were previously inaccessible to them. The current nature of an international marketplace requires businesses to have access to fast and reliable information in order to gain an advantage over competitors. This paper examines the various factors that a major high street guitar shop should consider when opening an e—commerce website in order to exploit its popularity over a wider audience, online. Website design strategy Most of the current designs employ dynamic multimedia, and database application servers, unlike previous versions that used static hypertext. Commercial website design considers various elements including increased revenues, enhanced customer relations, and profitability. The two common website design strategies are informational strategy, transactional strategy. Informational strategy This strategy is also referred to as the communicational strategy. The e-commerce website is designed to complement the company’s primary business activities, but not to replace them. The informational strategy requires the business to consider both modern and conventional means of advertising and marketing in order to meet the company goals and objectives. This strategy is common among many businesses since it considers marketing on the web as an additional tool for reaching the target market. According to a study by Wen, Chen and Hwang (7), over 905 of the Fortune 500 companies have publicly accessible websites; however, less than a quarter of these websites support transactions. On the other hand, studies show that the communicational strategy can attract new customers by marketing through the website. The forms of promotion involved in this design include placing the catalog online, enhancing brand awareness, and augmenting core products by providing related information. Some of the benefits of the informational strategy include the provision of large amounts re
Introduction Amber Alert (Child Abduction Emergency, CAE) is a system that alerts its users about a child being abducted. It was developed in the United States in 1996 after the abduction of a nine-year-old girl, Amber Rene Hagerman, in Arlington, Texas. The girl was unfortunately found diseased not far from the abduction site, which prompted her parents to push the program to help other children not to be stolen and killed. Initially, the Amber Alert system worked with the help of radio: notifications were made manually and delivered to the public as soon as possible. The first fully automated notification solution was developed in 1998 due to the high demand for the service. Today, all of the fifty American states use the Amber Alert system, and the technology has become so advanced that notifications are sent automatically to people’s smartphones. Canada, Mexico, Australia, Malaysia, and Ecuador, as well as many European countries, have started investing in child abduction alerts in order to protect their communities. The purpose of introducing Amber Alert in China is to help the public and law enforcement to speed up the process of recovering lost and abducted children. The service will be integrated into users’ smartphones to achieve ease the use and the wide reach of potential users. Therefore, irrespective of the dangers that Chinese society faces when it comes to missing children, it is expected that the Amber Alert solution will bring parents the confidence and support they need at times of emergency. Identification of Global Business Opportunities The introduction of the Amber Alert system in China holds numerous opportunities. The country has shown high rates of children getting abducted, with around 70,000 of them being kidnapped and sold to the black market each year (Bai). This presents a serious social problem that requires the increased awareness of the public along with the more effective efforts of law enforcement to solve it. According to the article by Bai, only “0.1% of lost children in China are found by their parents.” Since the risks of children not being discovered after being abducted, a comprehensive solution is needed. Apprehending criminals is another opportunity for the introduction of Amber Alert in China. According to the criminal laws in the country, the minimum sentence for abduction is five years coupled with a financial penalty. However, if a person committed a more serious crime such as murder or child trafficking, the sentence can reach the death penalty. Several global business opportunities should be noted in regard to introducing Amber Alert in China. First, due to the high rates of abductions, the likelihood of millions of families registering their children is also high. This means that the system must be prepared for a large inflow of registrations. Second, the high technological integration of the region means that the population is well-versed in the use of portable devices to which Amber Alerts can be sent. Developing advanced solutions that will be targeted to the
The article, Medical Hospitals’, Surgical Centers’, and Clinics’ Vicarious Liability for Acts and Omissions of Doctors, CRNAs, Physician’s Assistants, and Nurses , discusses the liability imposed to medical practitioners and healthcare organizations in the United States (Writes & Dent, 2012). The article seeks to determine where legal liability should rest in the event that a patient suffers from an adverse therapeutic outcome in a particular health institution. The article further remarks that the treating physician should, of course, bear the primary legal responsibility owing to his/her breach of duty of care, but under the doctrine of respondeat superior, the employer becomes liable as well. The doctrine of respondeat superior takes place when the agent commits a wrong within the capacity of service, and the employer (clinics, hospitals, and surgical centers) held accountable even though the principal was not directly involved in any adverse medical performance. The article examines how the doctrine of respondeat superior applies to emergency room doctors, physician’s assistants, as well as nurses, considering the circumstances surrounding their duty of care. The authors examine whether health care institutions are responsible for medical errors and deviations of part-time physicians. The article inspects several theories for imposing the doctrine of respondeat superior upon health organizations that are most resourceful for settling the compensation to patients (Writes & Dent, 2012). In this article, legal precedents are employed to highlight the significance of these issues, which normally entail medical institutions as principals in the United States current health care environment. The topic of this article is ‘the doctrine of respondeat superior’, and applies to my career life as I realize that the doctrine is not only pertinent to medical doctors but also other professionals in the field of health and medicine, which is in line with my profession. The topic also applies to my professional life, as an aspiring physician, because apart from the liability being shifted to the master, the physician is responsible for the duty of care required of him by the health care provider (Pozgar, 2012). The doctrine of Respondeat Superior was applied to prosecute a hospital in New Jersey, where an emergency room physician failed to diagnos
Introduction Business communication is a very essential tool in the corporate world as it helps in building reputation and credibility. In a business organization, communication has to take place both internally and externally. Communication is a very important tool which should be broadly embraced in a business setting. Basically, communication is a core function of management where the employers have to communicate with employees. In order to achieve its purpose, communication should be effective so as to achieve positive end results. Through communication, a business organization is able to rebuild its reputation in case its name was tarnished. The objective of this paper is to analyze the ‘Martha Stewart Case’ and discuss the communication skills that she used. In order to achieve this, the paper is divided into five sections where the first one will address the profile of Martha Stewart. The second paragraph will discuss the importance of business communication in a business. The third section will discuss the types of business communication. The fourth section addresses the importance of effective communication in relation to Martha Stewart Case. Finally the fifth paragraph will be a conclusion of the paper. Information about Martha Stewart Martha Stewart is an American business entrepreneur who was born and grew up in New Jersey City. Stewart was well known for her modeling which she was doing while she was in school. She is also known for her good cooking. She went to Barnard College where she studied history and met her husband. Her modeling career ended when she gave birth to their born as she thought of having a career change. Stewart joined a brokerage company after which she left when her family had relocated to another town.Later she started her own business by the name Martha Stewart Inc in which she was the CEO. Stewart became successful in running her business which was boosted by her previous modeling job. Her modeling was a back up in her television career because as it gave her a better media appeal. Stewart became an international television and magazine celebrity and hosted a show called ‘Martha Steward Living’ while her magazine was having a similar name. With her television appearance, she decided to become a lifetime consultant in a company which was dealing with products and décor. She therefore signed a deal with Kmart, who was the owner of the company. Alongside Kmart’s company, Steward continued running her company as she also published books and magazines. Steward became more successful although she was having problems with her marriage life which eventually ended (Richman, 2). The Martha Stewart Case Unfortunately for Stewart, her successful business faced a major economic blow in the year 2002 when It faced a stock management scandal. Her company, Martha Stewart Living Omnipedia, Inc, was charged for conspiracy and security hoax for the sale of InClone Stock.The Company’s stock had reduced by 60% and great
The benefits that accrue from RFID tags in this industry The automatic ID system (RFID) has won over the retailers’ use of barcodes in their operations. The effectiveness of radio frequency identification has proven to be very efficient especially in stocktaking. Radio frequency ID is automatic, and cans scan multiple items at the same time such that no physical scanning is required. Through RFID, it is easier to locate all the items needed within a very short time. The ability of the RIFD tags to contain more information, which can be changed or added, helps companies such as Zara in keeping up records especially when pricing. That implies that, RIFD helps companies in monitoring their sales including what sells best and what remains standstill. The cost of labor is also highly reduced. For instance, considering the speed of the RFID systems and efficiency, few labourers are required to help along with the scanning job. The downsides of the RFID tags in this industry Even though RFID systems are dependable, there are drawbacks noted that come along with its operations. For example, acquiring and installing the RFID systems to be used by a corporation is very expensive and could be a challenge to smaller businesses. Besides, scanning more than one item at the same time could create problems if the tags collide. The collision could result to a breakdown in case many signals are picked up at the same time. Additionally, there are RFID systems that are not able to scan metallic items besides being unable to go through water as they are easily
Introduction The basic objective of classes held at the church school for which a cost analysis of supplies is performed is to enable students to excel in communication, music and acting skills. Classes conducted at the school cover four main areas to achieve this objective. The four skill sets taught to students include speech, drama, vocal and piano classes. The material required for these classes and related costs for the material and resources required are covered in this report. An analysis of costs and quality of items was performed by conducting a research of various sources. The recommendations based on this research are highlighted in the following sections. Speech The first area of study in this school covers speech development and enhancing public speaking and debating skills. According to a course outline developed by Madison city board of education the materials required for speech classes include a three-ring binder with dividers, college ruled loose leaf papers, pens or pencils, sticky pads, markers or colored pencils and poster boards as required. The book required for speech is Speech for Effective Communication – second edition (Williams, 2007). The best recommendations regarding prices and quality of these items are outlined in the following table. Items                                                    Price       Source              Textbook: Speech for Effective Communication(2 Edition)  $90.85      Amazon.com          One three-ring binder with dividers                      $3.2-$2.09  Amazon.com          College-ruled loose leaf paper                           $1.32       Amazon.com          Pen
Introduction New challenges were created in the 19 th century due to the emergence of the industrial revolution. Among these challenges was the need to increase the effectiveness of the workforce. Therefore, creative thinkers in the early ages suggested theories that they believed if applied would result in higher management efficiency. Such theories were based on the fundamental belief that employees should be actively supervised and monitored (Gurey & Junnark 2008). However, Douglas McGregor challenged this notion through his extensive work where he established two theories that defined the assumption held about employees’ attitude towards work. These assumptions automatically influenced the workers productivity (Kopelman, Prottas, Davis 2008; Tatham, Waldaman & Bennis 2010). It is therefore important to examine them in order to determine if they are practical or not, especially in the 21 st Century. Theory X and Theory Y Douglas McGregor, a prominent figure in the evolution of management theory, made significant contribution in behavioural theory. In 1960 he suggested a radical change in the belief and perception managers had about their employees (Kopelman, Prottas & Davis 2008). Whereas the previous theories had suggested the need for employees to be controlled and guided authoritatively, McGregor thought otherwise. He outlined that managers should instead adopt a motivator and role model approach hence moulding the desired employee behaviour (Tatham, Waldaman & Bennis 2010). Unfortunately, He established that most managers perceive their employees negatively; He categorized this kind of assumption under Theory X (classical system theory). Manager ascribing to this assumption generally believe that most employees, despise work, are automatically lazy and hence unproductive (Kopelman, Prottas & Davis 2008; Stohl 2008; Tatham, Waldaman & Bennis 2010). As opposed to these assumptions, McGregor believed that the general intention of most employees is to be more productive. This assumption commonly referred to as theory Y (human relation) contradicted theory X notion; employees inherently hate working (Stohl 2008). Conventional view or what is referred as theory X exposed the underlying assumptions that surrounded the scientific era which the management practiced at the time, was evolving from. Here, effective management included harnessing the power of human labour to achieve organizational effectiveness. The manager could achieve this through effectively; organizing all elements of production. Such elements included natural resources, machinery and equipment, money, people among others. Very important to note is that the process of managing people involved keenly directing and controlling their efforts and actions to suit the organization’s needs (Gurey & Junnark 2008). According to this theory, failure to intervene constantly would result in undesirable outcome. This is because; workers here are viewed as lazy, irresponsible, un-ambitious and self-centred (Kopelman, Prottas & Davis 2008). Due to this nature they may be passive and at time
A language is a living organism that develops alongside its speakers, so experiencing change is a natural linguistic aspect. With time, earlier iterations become unintelligible, as is the case with Old English and current English speakers. However, even relatively close periods may have significant differences in how people use the language because different influencing factors are always present. This paper will focus on identifying old and recent causes that make today’s English distinct from its predecessors. A language is accompanied by external and internal factors throughout its existence, which alter it to some degree. For instance, what separated Old English from the modern version is the Norman conquest, connections with Vikings, ununiformed writing standards, and 15th-century Latin influence, all of which impacted the language (Horobin, 2016). Such a phenomenon as the Great Vowel Shift also contributed to the gap between how English is written and spoken (Horobin, 2016). Incidentally, Latin’s impact was not restricted to vocabulary, as it determined the way English grammar was taught and preserved. The approach became obsolete in the 20th century, and nowadays, corpora are used to complete dictionaries and reflect changes, which inadvertently alter people’s speech (Horobin, 2016). Other recent factors include movement among nations, cultural exchange, which may occur within different groups living in one country, and new developments in science, sport, and entertainment (Kleinedler, 2018). Social change is another potent cause, leading to updated word meanings or a lexical unit’s decline in usage (Kleinedler, 2018). However, it is worth noting that unlike in the past, ordinary speakers drive current amendments. People may perceive changes in a language differently – some welcome them, and others vehemently oppose anything new. Regardless, the process is happening, and while recent alterations are not drastic compared to Old English, they are still significant. The Internet is presently a powerful tool that permeates the language’s spoken version, affecting vocabulary, grammar, and sentence structure simultaneously (Zazulak, 2016). Older generations might not understand their grandchildren, but the same could be true for when they were young. English is constantly evolving, although some may call it a degradation, inseparable from social upheavals and inventions caused by its speaker.