ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Every sector of the economy depends on energy for production and other day-to-day activities. Arguably, transport sector is one of the sectors that highly depend on energy. Each vessel of transportation uses one source of energy or the other. However, oil which is mostly used as a source of energy in the transport sector is non-renewable. In this regard, the campaign by environmentalists about the need to use renewable sources of energy which are environmentally friendly has led to the introduction of biofuel as a source of energy. Unfortunately, biofuel uses food crops in its production thus reducing the amount of food available for human consumption. Moreover, food prices have increased drastically in recent years thereby becoming unaffordable especially for the poor people. Part of this increase has been attributed to use of biofuels. Consequently, there have been arguments as to whether measures should be taken to ensure that people do not die of hunger while food crops are used to produce biofuel. With the trend of current use of energy, it is quite crucial that alternative sources of energy are found. Fossil fuels which are majorly used in energy production are not only non-renewable, but also a source of environmental pollution. Consequently, it is quite crucial that other sources of energy which are environmentally friendly should be explored to reduce the effects of environmental degradation (Gasparators & Stromberg, 2012). In Addition, a source of energy that will support future generations should be found or else we leave the future generation at the mercy of fate. Biofuels are thus very crucial because despite the fact that they are renewable and will therefore be sustainable in the long run, they do not pollute the environment. It is important to note that production of biofuel does not only have advantages as its activists may want us to believe. Increase in use of biofuels has increased competition in food production. The amount of corn used in the production of ethanol has increased sharply in recent years. On the same note, soybeans are also increasingly being used in production of biodiesel while their consumption as food is reducing. Unfortunately, increase in production of food is not proportionate to the increase in the quantity of food demanded. Consequently, prices have had to increase due to high demand (Scragg, 2009). This has reduced the ability of people especially the poor to afford food thus exposing them to danger of starvation. Moreover, due to increased demand of corn and soybeans coupled with the good prices that these crops fetch, more and more farmers are dedicating their land to production of these crops. This has encouraged monocropping which has proved to be dangerous in the past. It is important to note that planting one type of crop repeatedly in a place reduces fertility of the soil while at the same time it leads to resistant pests (Westhoff, 2010). Consequently, this reduces quantity of production in the long run. Though, these effects may take time to be felt, they will definitely affect future production. Similarly, incre
The corporate profile Rotana hotel management is a limited corporation operating as hotels and resorts Management Company in Middle East and North Africa regions. The company assets total over seventy facilities within twenty-six cities in Middle East and North Africa regions. The corporation is headquartered in Abu Dhabi UAE where it originated. The company sales and marketing strategy aims to be effectual and practical in maximizing the expansion of each property’s market share. Rotana hotel chains consist majorly of five star hotels with over thirty-five luxury guest rooms. Rotana hotel chains specialize majorly in servicing business and corporate clients. The hotel chains service the business communities around the cities they operate in and visiting corporate travelers especially in major cities in Middle East and North Africa. The key clientele of the Rotana hotel management are corporate clients coming from domestic and international markets within the travel trade segments. The strategic locations of the properties are vital for their success due to their accessibility and proximity to other social services. In addition, the repeated business the hotel management receive annually and the customer loyalty are vital to its success. Rotana hotel management is committed to offering its guests the most current technical business facilities both within the hotels conferences facilities and inside the rooms. Situation analysis / Marketing strategy Corporate mission Rotana hotels management is dedicated to offer its clients high quality and standard services. Offering quality and value to the quests is above everything in Rotana hotel management. The hotel management also recognizes their place in communities they operate and will always work towards developing cordial relationships with these communities. Above all, the management will always respect and protect the environment of these communities. Rotana hotels management will strive to create and add more value not only to their clients but also to its suppliers, owners and the shareholders. Moreover, the management will continue to honor the hotel brand values while encouraging all the staff to widen their scope in an atmosphere of conviction and faithfulness. Market research and knowledge Rotana hotel depend mostly on corporate guests primarily guests from travel trade. With the current situation in the Middle East and North Africa where most of the hotels are situated, the market is expected to grow. Moreover, with the continuous growth of the Middle East economies, corporate travels are also expected to grow thereby expanding the market. With these high expectations, Rotana hotel management must continue to focus on offering exemplary services to its clients at reasonable rates to build up customer relationships that go beyond one stay. However, the hotel management is facing stiff competition from other group of hotels mushrooming in Dubai and Abu Dhabi. Therefore, the hotel management must offer competitive room rates to ma
Introduction The accountancy career is gaining popularity with each passing day as new businesses open doors for professionals in this field. In addition, the increasing number of companies all over the world, which are replacing sole proprietorship entities, has also led to increased demand for accountants. As a result, many people are taking advantage of this great opportunity. In this field, one may choose to specialize in one of the many disciplines available (Seybert, 2010). This move calls for guidance to advise those seeking to venture into the career. The roles played by management accountants and auditors differ greatly. The role of an accounts manager is to interpret financial information and then advise the management on the right decision to make. Accounts managers are not the same as financial accountants, as the former are more involved in decision-making of the company as compared to the latter. In some cases, they supervise the financial accountants (Bedard, Chtourou, & Courteau, 2004). On the other hand, auditors are tasked with the responsibility of revising the financial accounts prepared by financial accountants to ensure that they represent “a true and fair view of the company’s financial position” (Bedard et al., 2004, p. 24). They are also obliged to prepare a report and present it to the shareholders of the company during the annual general meetings. This report is meant to offer career guidance to graduates in the accounting sector. It analyzes both management accountants and the auditors’ roles in private companies and gives recommendations on the better choice between the two. Chances of Promotion It is quite possible for a management accountant to rise to the role of financial controller, which is superior and better paying. In this position, the accountant will be entrusted with the mandate of overseeing all the affairs of the company coupled with being responsible for all decision involving financial transactions. An accountant in this managerial position will not only have a chance to gain experience in different fields, but also will get an opportunity to explore different talents as opposed to an auditor whose role is limited to that of checking accounts prepared by others. A managerial accountant has the opportunity to visit different places as a representative of the company not to mention the powers conferred to him or her to represent the firm in contractual matters. A good example of such contract is a contract involving mergers and acquisition, which if successfully entered means high controlling power on the part of the managing accountant, and thus higher pay (Tayles, Pike, & Sofian, 2007). However, this development will not affect the position of an auditor. Salary An accountant manager is entitled to a higher pay as compared to an auditor if this aspect were to be decided on a quantum merit basis. An accountant manager is in charge of the day-to-day running of the business and he or she has to be consulted regularly on management decisions. Therefore, indisputably, a management accountant is usually over tasked as the survival of the company depends on him or her a
The marketing mix is comprised of four core elements that enhance marketing of items and services. Without these elements, marketing would be irrelevant and that is why every business has to observe them. The elements include product, place, price and promotion. This paper will therefore focus on these four elements and their impact towards the growth of a business. In addition, the paper will include an example that elaborates the application of the four elements in real life situation. Product is the first element of marketing mix, which refers to an item or a service. The features of an item are its strongholds because they lead the customer into buying it. This means that the items will literary market themselves. For instance, fresh vegetables attract customers while they are still on the shelf and thus, the attributes of an item must make the customer feel that his/her needs will be satisfied. Kotler & Keller (2009) suggest that the features can be enhanced by improving the appearance of the item by focusing on areas like packaging, warranties and design. In marketing, what matters most is to capture the attention of the customer. Buyers prefer items that are packed in appealing designs. Moreover, items with warranties on them attract customers because it makes them feel safe when making the purchase because they are assured of getting back their money in case the item turns to be faulty. The second element in marketing mix is place, and it entails identifying the appropriate channel of reaching the potential customer. A business entity must then familiarize itself with the areas that are most frequented by customers. For instance, a florist is most likely to get customers if he/she is situated next to a hospital or a mortuary. This suggests that marketing is greatly influenced by place and thus, an enterprise must position itself in a strategic position. In other words, Kumar (2007) explains that the marketer must identify the areas where his/her services are most needed. This requires one to scan the environment, identify a loophole, and proceed to fill it. For instance, the services of a veterinary cannot be needed in an u
Introduction Historically, Hatshepsut was the second female pharaoh who lived between the years 1507 and 1458 BC (Dell 22). She was the leader of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt and ruled with the help of the two-year old Thutmose III. In ancient dynasties, women had an inferior status and were not allowed to hold leadership roles. However, Hatshepsut became pharaoh and challenged the belief that only men were fit to rule dynasties. Her ascent to leadership was a great achievement because the notion of a female ruler was repulsive to the Egyptians. Her reign of twenty years was not revered by the Egyptians who obliterated all her memories. Her major achievements as pharaoh included growing the economy and commissioning numerous building projects. Accomplishments Hatshepsut was an influential pharaoh because of the changes she brought during her 20-year rule. Her major accomplishments included economic development, the creation of a large army, establishment of trade routes, and commissioning of numerous building projects (Dell 32). Economic Development One of the changes that took place after Hatshepsut became pharaoh was rapid economic growth (Sova 48). The growth originated from the expansion of trading relations and sea-borne expeditions (Jordan 42). Hatshepsut established trade routes that had previously been disrupted during the Second Intermediate Period. These trade routes were useful in the creation of the Eighteenth Dynasty’s wealth. She oversaw and funded a trading expedition to Punt that included five large ships and more than 200 hundred men (Sova 49). The expedition brought many goods from Pun including myrrh, frankincense, gold, animal skins, and myrrh trees. After the expedition, the pharaoh conducted several raiding expeditions that played a critical role in boosting the economy. Building Projects Hatshepsut was a prolific builder in Ancient Egypt who launched several building projects to repair the damages done by the Hyskos. She built magnificent temples, renovated her father’s hall, built a chapel, and constructed a mortuary temple at Deir el Bahri (Jordan 51). The temple was described as one of the most beautiful temples in Egypt because its walls were covered by a painting that chronicled the expedition to Punt. The images on the wall included the large ships that were used during the expedition and a marching army (Warburton 77). Hatshepsut is credited with the commissioning and completion of ma
Philosophy can be defined as the study of meaning in the universe. It tries to understand the principles and rules underpinning behavior, thinking and knowledge. It is the understanding of the general and crucial issues related to existence of human beings and other creatures, values, reasoning and the general functioning of the mind. “Philosophy as a term originates from the Greek term ‘philosophia” which means the love of wisdom. The subject of philosophy is divided into different branches which cover different aspects life including issues related to the nature of human beings, truth and meaning, ethics and morality and socio-political diversity of human beings. The first branch of philosophy is ethics and this is concerned with questions related to morals and values and how these relate to different situations in life. According to Velasquez, ethics encompasses different aspects of life. It has to do with a person’s feelings of what is right or wrong, the religious affiliation of a people and how this affects their behavior and also acting according to the requirements of the laws laid down. He further argues that ethics is relative in that there can be no one universal moral code that can be applied to every person at any particular time because people have different cultural orientations. Thus the judgment with regard to whether an action is correct or not is dependent on the moral norms in a particular society. The second branch of philosophy is epistemology. This area of philosophy is concerned with understanding knowledge acquisition. It is the critical analysis of knowledge in terms of what it entails, how it is acquired and people’s awareness of the knowledge that they have. Knowledge can be acquired through either reason or sensory perception. Those who support knowledge acquisition argue that it is only through rationalization that we can understand the universe. That the universe is too complex to be understood solely through observation and sensory perception. However, the other school of thought argues that the universe can be understood through empirical observations which precede any reasoning. Quoting from the works of empiricists like John Locke and David Hume, Velasquez argues that the interpretations of world occurrences can be reduced to an empirical investigation. Metaphysics in philosophy on the hand goes beyond the realm of science and strives to find answers to questions of identity and the world. This branch of philosophy goes beyond reason and empirical inquiry and is more concerned with explaining the basic nature of being. Understanding the nature of human beings in the universe and the purpose and n
Executive Summary All organizations endeavor to streamline diversity and inclusion in their workplaces. In most scenarios, diversity and inclusion is a key component of a company’s mission statement. Diversity and inclusion applies to all relationship components in an organization including customer-to-employee and employee-to-employee contacts. This paper addresses a diversity and inclusion issue that involves the type of music that is played in the office. The main office houses approximately twenty-five employees who have diverse cultural backgrounds. The issue of the music that is played through the main sound system has been raised by various employees. Most of the employees have complained that the genres of music that is played in the office do not apply to their cultural affiliation and they fail to represent the majority of the employees’ listening needs. This diversity issue requires to be addressed in respect to the goal of increasing productivity among employees. This paper seeks to address the issue of the music genres that are played in the workplace, and how it can be handled in respect to diversity and inclusion. The method of handling this diversity issue in the workplace involves both collective and individual efforts. Situational Overview The diversity and inclusion issue in the workplace started when the human resource department received several complaints involving the genres of music that are played in the workplace. Our organization features five offices that house different departments in the organization. However, the main workplace is contained under one floor with employees having desks as workstations. Initially, employees were allowed to play music individually. However, the sounds of various types of music playing in the work floor ended up being the source of disharmony and distraction among workers. The management resolved to allow people to listen to music via headphones and earpieces. However, this development started interfering with inter-personal communication between workers thereby lowering overall productivity. The final resolve was to install a sound system in the main work floor. The idea was to make a sound system that would match the professional ambience of the office. Having a single sound system has eliminated the confusion that was common when workers listened to different kinds of music. The sound system has also brought a harmonic tone in the work environment. Nevertheless, a significant number of workers have filed complaints with the human resource department complaining about several issues in relation to the type of music that is often played through the sound system. First, some workers have complained that the music that is played only caters to African Americans and the majority Caucasian cultures. More specifically, some workers have complained about lack of Latin, punk, and heavy metal genres of music in the office playlist. Workers have argued that some cultures are ‘hogging’ a music system that was supposed to serve all people in the office. Some workers also recognize that in the first few da
The paper traces the meanings of associated with the word savage by analyzing the book by Edgar Huntly, Memoirs Of A Sleep-Walker by Brown. The paper recognizes that the different nuances of the word savage have been brought into use to justify the attitude in colonialism. In this paper Conrad’s work the Heart of Darkness is used to illustrate the attitude of colonialism towards African societies that are seen as savage. The paper cites information from colonialism informed materials that have taken to support the savage attitude as the lowest form of a human society. The paper ends with a note that colonialism was an attempt to raise the savage to civilized standards of the world that resulted to conflict. Savage as a word has many connotations and meaning when used in the daily use of language. As a result therefore when uttered the obvious and most common meaning inferred is that of lacking complex or advanced culture. In this meaning the word savage is taken to refer to a people or a country that lies behind the normal standards as relatively measured by the civilized concepts. Civilization is the opposite where a people or a nation are seen in terms of culture and practice as complex, sophisticated and modern. By this definition therefore, any culture whose practices, way of life as well as perspectives seem to differ than the standardized norms and to some extent viewed in a negative sense bear the mark ‘uncivilized’ and hence its inhabitants become savage. By inferring to the other meanings of savage this paper seeks to understand the nuances of the word application in many uses. Savage has another entry in the language dictionary of one which has not been domesticated. This has the sole meaning that the subject of talk is not under human control and therefore may be termed wild. To term the subject wild translates to the opinion that it is untamed and thus the principles of operation are based and understood from the animalistic point of view. This means that they are guided by animal instinct (Chidester 12). The other entry meaning of savage refers to the lack of restraint which is observe