ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Twitter as a Marketing Tool Increasingly popular, digital media has significantly changed modern marketing strategies by offering a fast, comfortable, convenient and ‘trendy’ means of interaction with the customers. These qualities mean that Twitter can be more efficient at client-engagement than traditional advertising (Castronovo & Huang 2012). Marketing executives report paying significant attention to social media and intend to spend increasing amounts of money on developing relevant tools, for example, platforms like Twitter (Burton & Soboleva 2011, p. 491). However, as the study by Burton and Soboleva (2011) demonstrates, due to the novelty of the tools and lack of consistent guidelines in their respect, companies are not consistent in their Twitter strategies, which shows that marketing managers still do not know how to use this tool (pp. 493-497). To address the issue, we shall discuss the effectiveness of Ultra Music Festival social media usage with the help of frameworks described by Barker and Barker (2012) and Castronovo and Huang (2012). Choosing Twitter Castronovo and Huang (2012) suggest that social media is suitable for connecting all the marketing communication efforts into a single “easily accessible, integrated consumer venue” (p. 124). According to the authors, social media platforms are the basic part of a marketing strategy. The first step of the marketing strategy development in this respect is the choice of a platform that corresponds to the goals of marketing. According to Twitter, Inc. (2015), 78% of the users access the site with the help of mobile phones which demonstrates its convenience. The possibilities of Twitter communication include replying, retweeting, favouring a post, and applying hashtags; the post can be supplied with video materials, loops and pictures (Twitter, Inc. 2015). According to Castronovo and Huang (2012) as well as Curran, O’Hara and O’Brien (2011), Twitter offers an especially high level of engagement due to the ‘micro-blog’ format and the possibility of retweets. It fulfils the informative and communicative functions and offers the opportunity of monitoring the customers’ attitude and needs as well as advertising. The positive comments on Twitter may fulfil the function of recommendations. In general, it can be concluded that Twitter is a successful choice of a social media platform. However, upon creating a tool, its effective use must be maintained. Marketing evaluation model As stated in the work by Barker and Barker (2012), in order to evaluate a social media marketing tool and strategy, the key performance indices or KPI should be measured in consistency with the company’s goals and investments. The KPI can be quantitative and qualitative, and while the former can be easily expressed in t
Introduction Over the years, women have always received a raw deal in the society that is male dominated. For quite a long time, the boy child was favored over the girl child. An increasing number of women activists are, however, out to see to it that this negative trend is dealt a death blow. To a great extent, their efforts are bearing fruit and now, many leaders are now able to see the strengths in women. The Globe and Mail presents works by different authors to try and get people to look at women differently. There are concerns on whether the corporate and political arena in Canada is biased towards women and in some cases questions arise as to whether women have to work really hard to succeed in a male dominated world. Despite the fact that a good number of successful women exist at different ranks in Canada’s business sector, their efforts are not really recognized and they not seen as being well equipped to lead organizations (McNish 1). According to Gillis (1), there is a big concern about the way women are underrepresented at senior management levels within corporate organizations. Women, Work and Family According to McFarland (1), the heavy demands that family places on women are to blame for bringing an end to careers of most women. While working in Ontario as deputy minister of executive resources, Ms. Pat Jacobsen almost resigned when she gave birth to a baby girl in 1984 (McFarland 1). Previously, it was not possible to come by women with children in management. As pointed out by McFarland, it was quite a big challenge for Ms. Jacobsen to balance between work and taking care of the baby and the reason behind her near departure from employment (McFarland 1). She notes that there were no proper support systems that could allow women to effectively juggle between work and family. In the case of Ms. Jacobsen, she managed to survive thanks to the great support she received from her superior. With her superior’s permission, she was able to work part time for two years despite the fact that her job was quite demanding. She is strongly convinced that the women in the earlier generations had to pay a big price to make it with little or no support (McFarland 1). Even so, Ms. Jacobsen feels guilty that she never really got to spend enough time with her daughter during her early days (McFarland 1). Women and the Top Jobs For many years, there have been concerns regarding the capability of women in high positions of power. According to McNish & McFarland (1), a big population of men strongly believes that women are not yet ready for top leadership in organizations. One will therefore only find a small percentage of women in top Canadian jobs. The situation is not different in Canada’s political arena as women constitute only 22% of the tota
The student under consideration is Faris, aged seven, who goes into the third grade in the Choueifat school in Dubai. The purpose of the paper is to make an accent on the level of English and what approaches and methods can be implemented into the studying process to improve the learning process of the foreign language. Language Needs The process of studying a foreign language is not simple and requires the development of certain skills. However, it should be pointed out that the abilities play a significant role. Although abilities towards learning languages are significant for a successful education, everyone has a chance to improve the foreign language due to practice and desire for learning. The English learners should pay a lot of attention to phonology, morphology, semantics, and syntax for better improvement and mastering the communicative, listening, and grammar skills. Faris, the student of the third grade, showed a positive attitude towards English learning, although he made mistakes in grammar and pronunciation. However, it should be stressed that the number of mistakes is understandable as the student makes his first steps in the long way of English learning. The pronunciation mistakes are affected by the native language and can be easily eliminated by the practice (listening to English songs, communication with other students and teacher in English). The other common issue that Faris faced is grammar mistakes while making a sentence. The student uses short sentences correctly; however, when he tries to develop his idea, Faris gets confused with the English tenses. To improve grammar skills, certain explanations, tests, and exercises should be provided by the teacher. Although Faris succeeded in making short sentences concerning the weather, the world around, and gives brief information concerning his background, the grammar skills should be improved. Activities and material that will help the learner address the language needs. The intended outcomes and the steps followed The major problem that the English learners face is the difficulties with grammar and pronunciation issues. The
Background The article “Google” details the rise of Google Incorporated which is considered a pioneering company in the realm of online search algorithms and Internet advertising. The content focuses on detailing the history of the company, its array of products and services as well as the corporate culture that exists within its various facilities. History Under the history section, the article states that the company was created in 1996 through the entrepreneurial attempts of Larry Page and Sergey Brin as a way to improve on the search engines that existed at the time. It was initially established in Stanford, California, and then subsequently expanded into numerous global facilities over the years. On September 15, 1997, both entrepreneurs created a relatively stable search engine that they registered under the domain name which became eponymous for the website Google.com. By May 2011, Google’s traffic had grown to nearly one billion unique visitors to the site per day, generating nearly $38 billion from advertising revenue and other similar products. Products and Services Under this section, the article details the various products from which the company derives its current revenue. These consist of online advertising, web-based email and office tools (i.e. Google Docs) as well as its custom search engine. The article states that the online tools and products sold through Google’s enterprise market systems were developed “in-house” (i.e. through the company’s own technical teams), however, some products such as Google Docs were acquired through purchasing other companies and integrating them into Google’s operational framework. Corporate Affairs and Culture Under the section detailing the company’s internal culture, it is shown that at the present, Google has 47,756 employees. This section also reveals the various steps the company took towards attracting and retaining talent. It details the various amenities, such as f
Abstract “Most people would disagree with me on this, but I don’t think we have a substance abuse problem in our country. We are just not developing strong kids that can make good choices”, said Thomas Collingwood. When I read the sport psychologist’s statement, my heart was filled with hope; I saw the light at the end of the tunnel, I knew there was hope for our future generation because I realized that though drug abuse was quite a debilitating issue among the youths, there lied hope just within our reach. As I went on to read Dr. Thomas’s article and saw the result his sports program First Choice was able to accomplish, I knew for sure that our children would see tomorrow if only we took sports for more than just a healthy fitness activity but acknowledged that sports could actually keep away our children from the trouble of; drug abuse, alcohol use, and other indulgences that they are exposed to. (Weiss M and R Fretwell 2005) Discussion Dr. Thomas’ phrase should be challenging to adults who think that it is not their responsibility to take charge of their children’s extra curriculum activities. His comments should make parents and caregivers see the need to reconsider their positions and offer much-needed guidance and support to their children. The comment actually made me acknowledge that though the role of keeping young people free from drug abuse is not easy, parents played the greater role in how our children grow up in ensuring that they provided structures and resources needed in their kid’s sporting activities. His comments made me realize that it would be unwise by the end of the day for any parent to leave their children under the mercy of the media where they learned that doing drugs is cool and fashionable, as they chase for provision of their children’s daily bread only to come home and find not only an empty stomach to feed but a kid to rehabilitate. Statistics show that African American teens have overall lower rates of drug abuse than any other population. The good results are attributed to African American form of parenting, but given the rate at which economic demands are increasing, good parenting will surely continue to be emphasized but will not be enough in days to come, and that is where sports come in. Dr. Thomas’s First Choice program showed that as a result of an introduction to sports, there was a 60 percent decrease in multiple drug use, 60 percent decrease in alcohol use, 60 percent decrease in marijuana maybe it is important to note here that despite good parenting 13 percent of African American youths are reported having used marijuana. The results also showed that there was an increase of 23 percent increase in school attendance, and 20-27 percent increase in levels of physical fitness, and 10 percent increase in school grades. (Weiss M and R Fretwell 2005) Scho
The type of situation presented in the video is frequent for any workplace. Modern world is a diverse place and many companies face the challenges of working with employees that share different views, belong to different cultures and social groups. It is very important that the leaders of such companies apply the skills of conflict mediation in order not to let the interpersonal relationships influence the effectiveness of the business process and the organization’s success. Mediation is represented by a process of negotiation between the sides of a conflict. The process has to be guided by the third side, which is to remain neutral and cannot be in charge of the decisions (What Is Mediation? 2010). The role of this side is to provide guidance and take the situation under control in order to achieve a civilized conversation (What Is Conflict Mediation? 2009). It is important that the third party acts neutrally and treats the opinions of both sides with respect. The role of the mediator is to prevent the conflict from getting even more heated. Mediation is needed because it is a well known fact that the sides of the conflict cannot succeed at resolution because it requires objectivity, which is very hard to achieve when a personal topic is argued about and both sides have subjective interest in it or feel unfairly hurt. In the video Syl has to act as a mediator in a conflict between Bob and Daniel that are arguing about a personal matter. This conflict prevents the managers of one company from collaboration and creates a delay in the project. The company’s business is affected by the interpersonal relationships between the workers and the careers of the workers are under the influence of the subjective argument. My answers to the questions about the situation between Bob and Daniel were slightly different from the decisions Syl made in order to mediate the conflict. The first question was about Syl’s primary objective, to my mind, it was the avoidance of the conflict, because the meeting was supposed to explore the development of the business project and there was a danger that this discussion might go the wrong way and distract everyone from doing their jobs. The second question was about Daniel’s perception of the problem. I think it was biased. Obviously, Daniel felt insecure and vulnerable about the subject as his lifestyle was not approved by a colleague. Moreover, there was a chance that the employees would spread the rumor and ruin the confidentiality, which would create a lot of discomfort for Daniel. Syl’s role was to listen and see the conflict from both points of view and show maximum understanding. Listening is the key in conflict mediation (Foster 2014). The third question was about the actions Syl should have made in order to avoid a heated discussion. To my mind, she should have started the mediation at that stage and addressed the argument r
Introduction Acceptance of change within an organization depends on the emotional state of employees and managers. The behavior, feelings and attitudes of employees within an organization are influenced by their emotions (Zerbe 2008, p. 173). It is important to highlight the interpersonal effects of emotions in order to comprehend the exact influence of emotions within an organization. The domains of organizational behavior are very essential in understanding the effect of emotions on the performance of employees (Zerbe 2008, p. 173). Organizational behavior domains such as leadership, group decision making and customer service require emotional intelligence from the parties involved. Emotional intelligence is a very valuable attribute that all stakeholders within an organization need to possess (Zerbe 2008, p. 174). The success or failure of an organization actually depends on the level of emotional intelligence among its employees and managers. This paper will highlight the role of emotions in the management of organizational change. Discussion Many organizations have always underestimated the effect of emotions in the day activities of an organization (Weick 1999, p. 364). In fact, the topic of emotions never featured in the past until recently when managers realized that emotions actually play a significant role in the success of an organization (Weick 1999, p. 364). Many organizations are now taking the subject of emotions very seriously after discovering its significance. Organizations believed that emotions could only be expressed at home but they forgot that employees still remained human despite being at the workplace (Weick 1999, p. 364). The corporate world is now discovering that the positive emotions of employees should not be left at home because they are crucial to the success of an organization. A recent research indicates that the productivity and creativity of employees is affected in a great way by emotions (Weick 1999, p. 366). Emotional intelligence determines the career success of an employee compared to cognitive intelligence. Although cognitive intelligence is important for an employee, research reveals that a combination of both cognitive and emotional intelligence is crucial for employees to achieve their career goals (Weick 1999, p. 366). The management of organizations has come to realize that their success depends on their ability to utilize positive emotions of employees to their organizations’ advantage (Weick 1999, p. 367). Managers who have mastered the art of stimulating and sustaining positive emotions in their employees have actually been able to witness positive results (Vince 1996, p. 17). The current market is very competitive and it is therefore necessary for organizations to come with strategies that can give them a competitive advantage. The primary sources of competitive advantage such as intellectual capital, customer service, organizational responsiveness and productivity are influenced directly by employee
Introduction According to Caldeira and Ward (2001), Resource-based theory helps to “understand how organizations achieve sustainable competitive advantages”, and its main focus is mainly on the effectiveness of the organization in its pursuit of competitive edge in the market. A firm can be said to be a collection of physical, human and organizational resources; however, the firm will enjoy significant success relative to its rivals if it can manage to amass adequate intangible resources that gives it a unique identity that will be difficult to imitate. As Conner (1991, cited in Gossy, 2008) argued, “the performance differentials between organizations depend on having a set of unique inputs and capabilities.” According to resource-based theory, competitive advantage does happen only when “there is a case of resource heterogeneity and resource immobility” (Barney and Clark, 2010). The Meaning and Principles of Resource Based Theory Silviano (2006) states that, according to resource-based view, a firm’s ability to nurture outstanding and unique capabilities boost its ability to adapt to the dynamic economic environment as well as to improve its survival prospects. Barney (1991, cited in Gossy, 2008, p. 27) argues that in order to provide competitive advantage, a resource must fulfill the following four criteria:  1. Valuable: the resource must have strategic value to the firm (for instance, by exploiting opportunities or neutralizing threats).  2. Scarce: the resource must be unique and costly for rival firms to acquire.  3. Imperfect imitability: It should be impossible to perfectly imitate mainly because it is not easy to acquire; since the link between the capability and the achieved sustained competitive advantage is ambiguous; or because it is socially complex).  4. Non-substitutability: competitors cannot substitute the resource by another alternative resource to achieve the same results. As Grover et al (1998, cited in Gossy, 2008, p.84) explain, “the essence of a resource-based theory is that, given resource heterogeneity and resource immobility and satisfaction of the requirement of value, rareness, imperfect immitability, and non substitutability, firms’ resources can be a source of sustained competitive advantage.” Understanding the development of such capabilities and competences involves viewing the assets and resources of the firm from a knowledge-based perspective (Grant, 2009, p. 3). The theory prioritizes the need for leaders to value competence as an intangible business asset that can go a long way in enhancing productivity of the firm; indeed attributes such as experiences, organizational culture and competences play a significant role in ensuring that the firm’s performance is sustainable (Gossy, 2008). Moreover, Conner (1991, cited in Gossy, 2008, p.140) suggests, “ An in-house team is likely to produce technical knowledge, skill, or routine that fits better with the firm’s current activities.” The battle between Mittal and Arcelor before merging and the victory of Mittal According to Oglesby and Adams (2009), Mittal replaced Arcelor as the leading global steel company when it purchased ISG and later bou
In the recent article “Effects of Transcultural Nursing Education on the Professional Values, Empathic Skills, Cultural Sensitivity and Intelligence of Students”, Kaçan and Örsal (2020) examine the impact of transcultural nursing on medical students. The authors argue that the increased transnational and domestic migration levels make such qualities as cultural awareness and respect crucial for modern healthcare professionals. The latter should not only be able to effectively communicate with patients of various religious and ethnic backgrounds but also understand that culture largely determines the standards of healthiness. As a result, nurses that recognize and appreciate the cultural diversity among the patients have better chances to provide equal care for all the people. In order to ensure that more and more possess those qualities, many academics propose that universities around the world should provide special transcultural courses. In this regard, the authors of t