ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Dating websites and applications brought significant changes to the process of building a romantic relationship. However, it might be challenging to assess the data on the efficiency of these platforms, as some of the most crucial statistics are related to its users’ private lives. The two most popular dating websites are Tinder and Badoo, which possess the largest userbases across the industry (Vargas, 2021). This essay will analyze these two websites, their success rates, their beneficial and detrimental effects on society. Tinder is the first major product in the dating and hook-ups websites market. Tinder reveals that the application helped approximately 50% of its users to schedule up a date (Liberatore, 2019). This is the most popular platform among older audiences due to its simplicity of the user interface and less intrusive profile set-up process (Vargas, 2021). Badoo, which is less widely known, yet possesses a significantly higher number of users, has more substantial features (Vargas, 2021). This website provides more in-depth information regarding potential partners and has more features that help people to connect with each other (Vargas, 2021). The company behind Badoo has revealed that only 20% of its users actively search for a date through this platform, while many more are looking for friends with similar interests (Needleman, 2012). These websites play a crucial role in the market, as their success has revealed new trends in relationship building among adults. Nowadays, people perform many of their daily tasks online, spending hours on websites through their mobile devices and desktop PCs. The usage of such tools for dating purposes allows people to carefully choose whom to meet without completely breaking their attention on other tasks. They allow efficiency in communication by keeping it on-point and mobile, which gives many working people a chance to pursue relationships without harming their careers (Hobbs et al., 2016). Moreover, some people use these websites as social platforms, spending hours chatting with potential partners to ensure that their match is worth a meeting (Vargas, 2021). These websites have a vital role in the digitalization era, as many activities went online. However, there are significant detrimental effects linked to dating websites and apps. Due to the lack of background checks of their users, these platforms are regularly used by criminals in their search for a new victim (Parmanand, 2020). Moreover, a significant percentage of users from both of these websites have revealed that it is more convenient to use this application to search for a sexual partner w
Introduction Water is a most important commodity in human life and it is actually used in almost every aspect of human life besides the fact that it supports the entire ecosystem. It is used in drinking, cooking, washing and on top of that, it is important in industries where it is used for various purposes. Unfortunately, not all the users of water are responsible to ensure that proper disposal or treatment of the used water is done before the water is returned to the water bodies. Due to the multiple uses of water, there is a possibility that contaminated water may find its way into the ecosystem and therefore causes harmful results to both human beings and animals in the society. It is in this plight that many people and organizations have endeavored to study in detail the various effects that water pollution may have to the society and how the causes of this pollution can be controlled. Sources of Water Pollution It is difficult for one to discuss the effects of water pollution without understanding what water pollution is and the causes of water pollution (Calow 258). Water pollution may be defined as the contamination of water bodies with substances that do not allow the water to be safe for human use or makes the water unable to support the living organisms that depend on water for their survival (Hill 110). There are several causes of water pollution ranging from the day to day activities that human beings carry out to large scale industrial operations. These causes can also be divided into two groups those which are direct causes and the indirect causes which can be linked to water pollution through a chain of activities. Water pollution causes can also be sub divided into point source and non point source group depending on whether the source of the pollution is from a single and relatively easy to identify source or from a multiple interrelated sources. Water pollutants can decrease the quantity of oxygen in the water body or even change the water composition of the water (Merchant 319). To begin with, presence of pathogens in water can cause the water quality to drastically reduce to the extent of being unable to support the marine life. Pathogens are known to be harmful to human being especially if the water that contains them is used for drinking. Though there are other causes of pathogens that are present in water, the ineffective sewerage system is one of the major causes of this. Untreated or semi treated sewerage system mostly finds its way into water bodies thus, contaminating the water (Hill 113). The problem of sewerage system is more pronounced in the third world countries however, it is also present in developed countries where the sewerage pipes might have leakages. Manufacturing industries usually use water for cleaning and cooling purposes among other uses. Unfortunately, in many cases the process of water treatment before disposing it off to water bodies by these firms is not that efficient
This paper analyzes the two films which are known as Lunacy and the one flew over the cuckoo’s nest. The responses of both the films are actually analyzed in the paper which would easily make it a response paper. The story of lunacy revolves around the western front. This movie revolves around the scenario of an ideological debate and actually starts with a direct address by Svankmajer. Certain analyst actually believes that this film is not a successful film but this film fascinates the viewers. However, the director of the film actually believes that it’s a horror film and this cannot be classified as the work of art. He stressed on the point art can be classified as dead anyway. The entire film revolves around the ideological debate of running a lunatic asylum. However, it can be said that the first thirty minutes of the movie revolves around some preliminary business. But the majority of the film is based on the philosophies of Marquis de Sada and they are actually filtered through two stories based on Edgar Allen Poe. There are several psychological nightmares that are attached with this film. It’s a two hour movie and in the initial stages of the film people usually get bored from the film while everyone would rejoice the ending and the plot of the movie. The entire film is based on two stories which are known as the “The System of Doctor Tarr and The Premature Burial” by Edgar Allan Poe (Triska and Svoboda). This movie is quite interesting and it is based on the scenario of insanity which actually means mental illness. The entire film is based on criminal who decided to move towards a mental institution to avoid prison work. However, the doctors ordered McMurphy that he cannot leave the mental institution unless and until he is found fit for the society. McMurphy’s relationship with other patients in the ward grew rapidly and such an environment started to prevail in the institution that differences were created between the authorities and the patients. The main character of this story McMurphy in collaboration with the head nurse tries to understand the mentalities of other patients in the ward. However, the entire movie revolves around the scenario of insanity and how people view insanity in others perspectives. The next chapter of the book revolves around the scenario of the term society and the society is presented in a beautiful manner when McMurphy is admitted in the hospital. The social influences of other people are depicted in this chapter. The interactions of patients in the institutions were limited and many patients have differences with each other. They follow their daily routines and these daily routines are characterized by a society which is known as the society of order and regulations (Kesey and Faggen). In the similar manner the culture of this society is same and it is known as insane. However, McMurphy plays a vital role in the society and he develops relationships with other individuals of this society and an atmosphere is developed in which interactions are quite easy with each ot
The struggles of women throughout history were frequently included in the literary pieces of authors in the genre of realism. They might be different, but the common characteristic of such a narrative is the emphasis on the characters’ feelings and emotions evoked by a lifetime of challenges. From this perspective, the stories “The Trials of Girlhood” and “The Story of an Hour” are no exception to the rule. They both reflect on the perceptions of women facing the obstacles to well-being and transmit the message of underlying feelings accompanying their existence. The principal idea of these pieces is the role of fear stemming from improper conduct, which might lead to severe consequences. In “The Story of an Hour,” it is expressed in Louise’s inability to grasp the meaning of her husband’s alleged death and, more specifically, her future full of unexpected events. Therefore, she demonstrated only “a suspension of intelligent thought” without thinking properly (Chopin 2). In turn, the fears of Harriet Jacobs as per the chapter “The Trials of Girlhood” belong to the reaction of her relatives to inappropriate behavior, which was not her fault. The author claims that the possibility of the master’s conduct “would be reported to my grandmother” was stronger than any other emotion (Jacobs 1). Hence, the common message of these two stories is the inability of women to make correct decisions under the influence of fear while their motivations might be different. As for their purpose, it correlates with this idea and relates to the intention to demonstrate the presence of “powerful will bending hers” as the source of struggles (Chopin 2). Thus, the stories narrate the underlying processes of repression. The authors of “The Trials of Girlhood” and “The Story of an Hour” use a variety of devices to transmit the message in compliance with the purpose of their writings. To communicate it, Kate Chopin mostly relies on irony. Thus, the emotions of the main character are described as “a monstrous joy that held her,” and the shudder at the thought of years ahead changes to “a quick prayer that life might be long” (Chopin 2). Moreover, the end of the story, in which Louise dies of “the joy that kills,” adds to this impression (Chopin 3). As for the devices incorporated in “The Trials of Girlhood,” they include figurative language and emotionally loaded words. The latter is seen in the “unclean messages” in the girl’s “young mind” when describing her situation (Jacobs 1). Meanwhile, the former is in the absence of the “shadow of law to protect her” and the vices, which “grow out of slavery” (Jacobs 1). In this way, despite the difference in the adopted devices, the presentation of the mentioned idea is clear and efficient. In conclusion, the stories “The Trials of Girlhood” and “The Story of an Hour” are examples of literary works in realism, which tell about the struggles of women regardless of their circumstances. The reflections of a girl born into slavery intertwine with the though
Introduction The merger of Sainsbury’s with Asda has resulted in a considerable share price rise for both involved parties. According to recent statistics reported by Coatsworth (2018), Sainsbury’s shares surged by 19% after the announcement of the deal. Notably, on April 30, 2018, the company’s share price reached its highest point since 2014 ( The Guardian 2018). As Asda, Leyland, and Quinn (2018) state that the value of the company has increased along with the rise in Sainsbury’s share prices. These achievements seem even more remarkable considering that the share prices of the retailers’ major UK competitors, Tesco and Morrison, have dropped by 2.4% and 4.3% respectively after the merger news (Coatsworth 2018). The positive returns on the M&A announcement indicate that Asda-Sainsbury’s business combination may be promising. Main body Overall, the primary reason for changes in the companies’ market prices was an expected success and value of the integrated business. Notably, research evidence verifies the assumption that the return on the announcement for both acquirers and targets largely depends on the perception of the value generated. According to Zhang (2013), such a phenomenon is called an “anticipation effect,” and it implies that forward-looking prices are rooted in “investors’ expectations about the profitability of firms’ future acquisitions” (p. iv). For instance, Asda and Sainsbury’s will together become one of the largest retailer groups in the UK and will challenge Tesco’s current competitive position. At this point, the combined market share of the two supermarkets is 32% compared to Tesco’s 28% (Leyland & Quinn 2018). Moreover, the merger will provide Sainsbury’s with access to a massive heft of Asda’s owner, Walmart, through joint purchasing arrangements and, at the same time, Asda may substantially benefit from “own-label expertise” of its new partner (Leyland & Quinn 2018, para. 3). In general, the deal is intended to eliminate existing deficiencies and drawbacks in both enterprises and maximize their competitive advantages. The discussed changes in market values inform about the significant advantages of M&A deals in the modern business landscape. As stated by Tamosiuniene and Duksaite (2009), the main benefits for buyers in such transactions are linked to a decision to “quickly grow (as opposed to slow growth through their own resources) and to get the access to intangible assets, namely, human capital, structural capital and customer capital” (p. 15). For example, it is observed that demographic features of customers are disparate in Asda and Sainsbury’s (Leyland & Quinn 2018). Thus, the merger will potentially help attract more diverse consumer groups and substantially broaden the existing customer base. At the same time, when speaking of the main gains associated with M&A from the seller’s perspective, they include an ability to turn equity into cash and to achieve a peak in valuation (Tamosiuniene & Duksaite 2009). Both of these
Introduction The United States is one land that was discovered by explorers and settled on by almost every people of every color. The US’s population is largely composed of white people of Anglo Saxon origin, Black Americans and people of Hispanic origin. People of African origin popularly referred to as African Americans have the most painful history about their arrival and eventual settlement in the US. Brought in as slaves from Africa, they faced many hurdles in their fight for survival and recognition as normal human beings in the face of brutal slavery, poverty and segregation (Savage, 1977, p. 2). Slave labor was in demand and was widely utilized in the US. Large scale agricultural plantations like the corn, cotton and wheat belts required intensive human labor which was cheaply supplied by black people. Besides the agricultural southern states, labor was also requited in the industrial northern states which slaves supplied. There were also other household jobs and jobs in the military that African Americans did with little or no pay. African Americans have been the subject of stereotypes that seek to explain their lives, activities and way of thinking. They range from the colonial and slave mentalities to media bias. However, some of them are due to the conduct of black people themselves in their personal and public lives (Savage, 1977, p. 7). In the west of the US, the situation is not very different. Black people carry the same negative stereotypes and positive accolades that characterize African Americans. After the antislavery activism increased, black people migrated with ease and settled in all places in the US. However some areas like Washington D.C, New York and California recorded big migrant populations of black people. The west of US where California largely dominates has been the subject of many books detailing the history and development of the area. However, most of the literature existing on the American West overlooks the contribution of the black community to the development of these areas. Their history, as well as their migration and their leadership are overlooked too (Savage, 1977, p. 1). The current study of the west by most scholars has largely excluded slave states. In the slave states, black contribution was more felt than the non slave states hence any analysis of the African Americans in the west must include them. Migration to the west African Americans and their migration to the West make up an important part of history of the making of the Old West. Most of the documented history is now resurfacing indicating the role African Americans played in the making of the West as it is known today (Savage, 1977, p. 5). Their participation in the Westward movement shows a determined people who wanted to move away form the hostile conditions that they were experiencing and also, a people seeking peaceful existence for their families. Though African Americans migrated to the larger western US area, their numbers were not as many as they were on eastern side. Absence of staple crops and great distance from the center
Introduction Over centuries, various governments have held convections, which aim at addressing various issues concerning human rights a result of which various human rights codes are established. Attempts to come with harmonized bill of human rights has existed throughout history since ancient times with religious people contributing vigorously compared to the people possessing political intents. In its original form, the document housing the international human rights declarations had its contents resting on four pillars, notably: “dignity, liberty, equality, and brotherhood” (Ishay 2004, p.359). As from 1948, when the birth of universal declaration of human rights took place, people have passed over the concepts of human rights to even the smallest units of the society across the globe. Fundamentally, considering the anticipated benefits of adopting an internationally acceptable code of human rights that would ensure equality of the human race irrespective of the age, sex, nationality, culture or economic background (Donnelly 2002, p.59), critics of the declarations of human rights are anticipated. However, the case is different. Conflicting meanings and interpretations of human rights prompted emergence of varying controversies that in a big way, dominate human rights debates. Skeptics challenges the origin, contribution of globalization to the advancement of human rights, tension posed on security due to strict adherence to codes of human rights, human rights contribution to universality evaluated in relation to cultural relativity, critical roles played by socialists with regard to Human rights, and the “enlightenment legacy of human rights” (Ishay 2004, p.360). For different societies; being charact
Nowadays the economic sphere became the dominant sphere in the development discourse, and it is no wonder the reason of its importance for providing a material basis for the process of development. The representatives of varied economical theories affirm that development significantly relies on the economic sphere. The importance of economics with regards to the process of development has been many times examined by economists in their theories including Adam Smith, Rostow, Lewis, Nurkse, and others. There exist a few main conceptions of economical development: the first one is a classical theory developed by such economists as Smith, Rostow, and Lewis; the second is one is a structuralist theory developed by Nurkse and others; the third one is a neo-liberal policy supported by Walras and others; and finally, the fourth one is dependency theory developed by Sunkel and others. Speaking about Adam Smith’s vision on this matter, it should be stated that according to him the main factor of growth and development is the stock of capital along with the labor force. Rostow, in his theory, argues that investment is the basic factor for the development and growth of the economy. He explains that by investing in the leading areas of the economy it is possible to finally achieve the result when all the other economical spheres of any particular country will be affected to speed up in development. Lewis’ theory assumes that the economy is to be divided into capitalist and non-capitalist spheres where the characteristics of the process of development are different. The capitalist sector, according to him, can be acclaimed as applying reproducible capital and employing workers to raise profits. Nurkse who belongs to structuralist economical theory regards economic development as the problem of economical inflexibility. He argues that the development process sufficiently depends on capital and labor investment; however, even a stable situation with the level of capital and labor recourses does not guarantee stable economic development. Structuralists along with Nurkse assert that advancement in the economy has its structural constraints. Discussing the neo-liberal policy, it should be stated that its main foundation lies in the importance of capital accumulation which is vital to any further d