ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract The purpose of the paper is to explore the notion of metacognition as the knowledge about the regulation of various cognitive activities within the process of learning. It contains a review of the literature on the issue, as well as an outline of qualitative studies that involved experiments conducted with college students to get information about their skills of metacognition and the enhancement of self-regulation efficiency. The qualitative study presented in the paper included 23 female respondents from Zayed University in Abu Dhabi Campus who filled in a questionnaire comprised of tasks linked to subjects already covered in their lessons. The purpose of the study was to find connections between performance and memory evaluation. The study showed an overall exam performance of 0.85. However, not all respondents were able to predict their performance, and the presence of a high monitoring accuracy is not an indicator of good academic performance. Research Limitations The possible methodological limitations of the study that targeted only 23 female respondents include the sample size of the target group. In order to properly analyze the relationships between the performance of respondents and the evaluation of their memory, it would have been beneficial to include 23 male respondents with the same major in psychology and human services to extend the sample size and add variation to the quality of the sample. The second methodological limitation of the study is linked to the self-reported data. The responses for the test questions provided in the questionnaires were taken at face value since they could not be verified. For example, the estimations of the grade on the scale from 1 to 10 could not be verified since respondents could just say any number that came to mind without taking into account any actual implications that will influence the results. The third methodological limitation is connected to the measure that was used to collect the data for the research. The collection of data through the use of questionnaires may have inhibited the ability of the researcher to present thorough results of the analysis. For instance, the researcher forgot to include the summarizing question in the survey that could have been beneficial for addressing the issue of how well students remembered the previously learned material. The last limitation of the research is connected to the limited access to the study group; thus, there was little possibility for the target audience to answer all questions that were important to the research. Conclusion and Recommendations The conducted research has shown that the predicted results of an examination have very little connection to the actual results and that the ac
The healthcare system of the United States is considered to be one of the best and the most expensive in the world. However, there is an opinion that it would be more appropriate to call it sick care, which raises several heated discussions around the country. The sick-care system means that rather than prioritizing preventing illnesses, the system focuses on providing care to already ill patients. There are several problems with this approach to healthcare. First of all, researchers argue that “it excludes those who are non-diseased” (Fries, 2020, p. 20). Besides, the idea of managing health to prevent diseases is not promoted. Since doctor appointments are costly, people are discouraged from taking preventative measures; instead, they wait until the illness severely interferes with their life. Another issue with the system is the high costs of healthcare. The problem is highlighted in the documentary by Heineman and Froemke (2012), where doctors talk about how 75% of healthcare costs go to treating mostly preventable chronic diseases (03:47). Moreover, according to specialists featured in the film, America spends twice as much money as any other country (04:02). The OECD notes that in “2015 member countries devoted only six percent of their health spending towards prevention and public health services” (OECD, 2015, p. 136). Moreover, the cost continues to rise, which generates fear among the population. The idea behind transforming the sick care system into the healthcare system is that hospitals should put more focus on disease prevention. It includes anticipation of the genesis of the disease and efforts to stop its progression. In order to transform, the healthcare system needs gradual improvement reforms. However, this process requires more significant changes, which will be challenging to implement. Nevertheless, such changes are required to preserve the health of the nation and make sure there are fewer sick people in hospitals.
Introduction The trends and cultures that were the trademarks of past generations are rapidly changing. Bauerleina argues that several factors, among them the technological advancement in the United States of America has influenced these changes. The author’s methodology in presenting his case is a point to consider when examining his work. The author seems to have his arguments disposed of the negative implications of technological advancement rather than the positive impacts. This review seeks to recapitulate the main ideas in Bauerleina’s book while scrutinizing the practicality of his conclusions. A brief summary of Bauerleina’s main ideas One of the most notable ideas presented in Bauerleina’s book is the fact that America’s intellectual future is threatened. The author is disturbed by the current trends among the young generation. He argues that in future America will experience something disastrous as young people keep pursuing their digital passions. According to the author, youths in America are at significant risk of collectively losing context and history (Bauerlein 103). This is highly influenced by the current neglect of enduring ideas and conflicts (Bauerlein 105). One of the signs that depict how the current youths have lost contact with the fundamental teachings and historical culture of America is the fact that they are no longer interested in reading. According to him, this is just one of the many indicators that show how the current generation is headed to unprecedented harm in the future. He also asserts that young people are using the World Wide Web in the wrong way and for the wrong reasons. He laments that young people should use the internet to learn about the world rather than gossiping in social media platforms. An analysis of the author’s persona Judging by his work of literature, Mark Bauerlein is a fervent individual, and he sounds like a problem solver in many of his books. His personal traits reveal that he mostly focuses on helping other people. He also has some traits that suggest he is a selfless individual. This is proven by the fact that he has gone beyond his limits to investigate the impacts of technology on America’s young people. In his book, he passionately expresses his fears concerning America’s deteriorating culture. Through this, he displays a very high level of patriotism. Mark Bauerlein is distress by the fact that America’s long known culture of reading is rapidly evading among the young and upcoming adults. This is an explicit display of care for humanity and concern for the continuity of good habits. However, from a different angle, his worries and concerns can also be viewed as a sign of intolerance. Some approaches made by the author in his explanations are a definitive display of his intolerance. Arguing that young people do not read; rather, they spend most of their time gossiping is a good example of his intolerance. In a broader analysis, it is prudent to assume that the author is judgmental. His condemnator
Executive Summary In the luxury gym industry, organisations endeavour to adopt all possible operations performance interventions to ensure that they attract and secure their loyal customers. Some gym organisations have memberships where one can routinely exercise upon paying a certain fee for a specific period. According to Sodhi and Tang (2014, p. 29), operations performance refers to “performance measured against standards or prescribed indicators of effectiveness, efficiency, and environmental responsibility such as cycle time, productivity, waste reduction, and regulatory performance.” These concerns require organisations to have healthy operations. An analysis of the operations performance of any organisation, irrespective of its size, services, or products it offers for sale, is important in the effort to ensure that it remains competitive and compliant with the stipulated health requirements in its line of business. The current study analyses the status of a luxury gym facility. The goal is to find out whether the business is healthy or not. The findings will inform some recommendations towards improving the operations management approaches adopted at the luxury gym facility. Introduction and Gym Context The hotel’s gym facility shown in the Appendix section operates in the luxury market segment in New York. In particular, the luxury gym market is highly competitive in New York. For example, in the last one year alone, Equinox opened 10 more luxury gym clubs bringing its total number of such clubs to 86 (Steverman 2017). About 75% of these clubs are situated in New York. Monthly membership subscription to the clubs costs up to the tunes of USD 200. The main target customers are urban young people. Other gym organisations focus on low-end clients. For example, Planet Fitness has1200 clubs located in 47 states. It has plans to expand this number to 4000 clubs (Steverman 2017). Hence, such a highly competitive market segment requires the luxury gym facility to demonstrate attitudes and behaviours that are consistent with customers’ expected service and health quality levels to guarantee long-term success. As the paper reveals, the hotel I visited has a luxury fitness centre where the management pays incredible attention to ensuring that the facility complies with the operations management approaches s
Introduction Asian Americans exhibit a strong cultural diversity that prevents scholars from characterizing their families using a single set of cultural values; however, they also share strong cultural similarities such as the Confucian philosophy towards life and family. Scholars claim that this philosophy is a product of the early political and cultural influence of China in the historical development of other East Asian nations including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and Vietnam. The culture of these nations is highly influenced by the doctrines of Confucianism, which advocate for the respect for authority, loyalty to parents, emotional moderation, and the vital role of education. The Confucian philosophy uses the concepts of training ( chiao shum ) and control and love ( guan ) in the Chinese parenting practices, such that they are deeply involved in the lives of their children. Such involvement in the learning process of their children has faced many challenges in the Asian American family, following their immigration. In addition, some Chinese practices such as physical discipline are not condoned in the United States. 1 This paper seeks to explore how Asian American families have succeeded in maintaining the Confucianism philosophy by identifying the existing Chinese cultural practices among the descendants of their immigrants, and Chinese mannerisms that point to the Confucianism doctrine. The paper also examines Confucianism in other Asian Americans including Koreans and Vietnamese. Research questions  1. How do immigration history of Asian Americans and experiences of living in America affect the ability of these families to maintain Confucianism?  2. How do the Asian American families’ attitudes, values and beliefs concerning education and socioeconomic status impact on Confucianism? Research objectives  1. To find out the relation between immigration trends of Asians into America and their settlement experiences, and the ability of Asian American families to maintain their cultural practices, with focus on Confucianism.  2. To find out the relation between legacies of Confucianism and the socioeconomic status of Asian American families with regard to educational attainment. Demography of Asian Americans Some of the countries of origin of Asian Americans include China, Japan, Korea, Cambodia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and India, among others. 2 Each of these nations has its own cultural heritages, languages, politic
The acquisition of one’s social skills in the present-day world is complicated by numerous stereotypes. From the perspective of symbolic interactionism, this process implies the creation of subjective meaning under the influence of media, which does not correspond to reality. This mechanism is illustrated by the film “Tough Guise 2,” in which any kind of virtue attributed to male citizens is replaced with perceived masculinity. The interdependency of media and people’s views on men and women in socialization can also be described by functionalism. According to this doctrine, the stereotypes add to people’s desire to ensure the stability of their lives, whereas their credibility is disregarded. For example, the idea of youth, beauty, and sexuality ascribed solely to females undermines the efforts of their male counterparts to demonstrate these qualities. In turn, this tendency is explained by ethnocentrism applicable to the differences between them emphasized by media. The support of this idea implies evaluating others through the lens of adopted misconceptions, and it helps understands the violence of men towards women. The former cannot form an adequate attitude towards the latter due to the learned stereotypes, and the only option for them is direct hostility. The effects of media can also be seen in these events since they originate from the lack of resources as per the conflict theory. It is obvious that all people cannot have equal conditions, for example, at work. Meanwhile, spreading the information regarding the differences in the levels of pay contributes to the problem regarding the socialization of girls and boys growing up in this environment. Finally, the issues emerging from the lack of understanding between men and women are worsened by the media through demonstrating the improper social norms which are adopted by them. As per the theory of sanctions, they evoke the desire in people to enforce compliance with these principles. The failure to do so is viewed as a threat, and male violence can be partially explained by this phenomenon.
Introduction Islam is among the major religions with many followers around the world. The number of Muslim adherents is about 1.2 billion across the globe. The founder of Islam is Muhammad. He was born in 570. Majority of Muslims attest that Allah (God) gave him the authority as a portent of timely news to mankind. His early influence through teachings made many people in Mecca admires Islam and its practices thus, contributing to its growth and expansion. Islam has continued to hold the traditional practices anchored in the Quran (Islam holy book) and those created by their founders. Significant rituals of Islam include; the sacred time, the five pillars among other rituals and ceremonies which are normally performed in Mosques (Islam place of worship). The rituals and ceremonies have continued to define their faith to date. Also, Islam has continued to increase their faith through their religion beliefs. Beliefs such as the sacred narratives, human nature and ultimate reality and divine being form the basis of Muslim faith. Islam’s assume that most people mistake Jihad as a “holy war”. However, for them, Jihad appoints constant struggles that one is involved in protecting his/her faith and privileges of worship. According to Maqsood, Muslims describes Jihad has having a strong connection in the Quran (85). Thus, it is a network of checks and balances that Allah left them with “to check one people with another. Hence, when a person or a group violates their limits or rights of others, Muslims have the right and duty to control them,
Introduction Egypt is one of the most influential countries in the Arab world. It has a lot of influence on what is going on in the Arab world and so is its media. Media is the means through which news and information happening around the world is made known to the people through various media vehicles and channels (Anderson 120). The media of Egypt is very influential to the Arab world because of its large audience. The Egypt media is very important in ensuring that the citizens of Egypt receive both national and international news at the right time. It arouses the consciousness of the people and brings all Egyptians together at a single platform. News media in Egypt are of different varieties and they can be distinguished depending on the branch of media. The main mediums of communicating to the people in Egypt is through newspapers, magazines, news agencies and websites. Some of the most popular newspapers and periodicals in Egypt include the Akhbar al-Adab, Akher Sa, Al-Ahali among others (Sriramesh 67). For a long time there have been a lot of struggles by media owners in the Arab world to free themselves from government influence and disturbance. Arabs are very strict people and this strictness has been applied in media for a long time even though the situation has changed and is continuing to change due to the increased empowerment and awareness. Media in Egypt is now free from government interference and control. The constitution of Egypt guarantees freedom of media and the government is increasingly showing respect to this even though there are still several laws that restrain it. The minister of information in Egypt declared an era of a free, transparent and independent media in Egypt (Sriramesh 98). Historical background and printing press The history of Arabic media and press can be dated back so many years. The freedom of press in Arab media can however be dated back to only the last century and the freedom of media has been determined by the interaction of several factors such as political and social cultures. One of the m
On February 14 th , 2011, the president of the United States of America, delivered a speech detailing his government’s vision for the county, alongside the speech, he presented the government’s suggested changes in 2012 fiscal budget (Wasson). This paper analyzes the speech; however, it will focus on the suggested budget cuts. The speech and budget changes The president through his speech detailed his government’s vision for the country and supported the speech with a presentation of some budget adjustments that will see the country attain the vision as suggested. Although the budget suggested a reduced expenditure by the government, its main role was to balance deficit reductions with priority investments; it did understand that some sectors budget in the economy could not be tampered with despite the expected changes; such areas included research and development as well as health matters. In the section named “Terminations, Reductions, and Savings,” the government targeted 212 sectors that would suffer budget cuts; after the cuts, the expected saving in 2012 alone is more than $33 billion (Wasson). Issues that were discussed   * Budget cuts There was a proposed cut on expenditure catered by the government on low-income home energy assistance program (LIHEAP); this has been argued that it is likely to have an effect on over 3.5 million low-income households who are believed to use the program for lightening and cooling. The cut was expected to be about $2.5 billion; it is likely to cause pain among the Americans who are suffering reduced incomes resulting from the world financial crisis of 2007. Another cut that pained the people were the cuts on community service block grants (CSBG), the sector was expected to lose about $350million; economic analyzers are of the opinion that the programs are crucial in the support of community-building investments; when the budget is reduced, then community development will be hampered (FactCheck.Org)   * Budget Freeze One area that the speech targeted to freeze some expense is on non-security discretionary spending, the budget suggested a five-year budget reduction that in turn would avail finances to develop other sectors of the economy especially those that can create employment. By the end of the five years, the sector was expected to have its budget at 1.9% of the country’s GDP down from the current rate of 2.7%.   * GOP Spending Cuts The budget targeted to cut expenditure on GOP spending cut; the proposal was the first to have a direct cut on actual spending of a program. The expected savings from the cuttings were $60.8 billion. The Republicans felt that this cuts were detrimental to the economy and was likely to lead to unemployment in the economy. Decide what the president accomplished or did not accomplish with his speech According to my understanding, the proposed cuts were contraction policies in the economy;
The Marxist and the communitarians have a common perception about Universalism. They all believe in the inefficiency and incompetence of Universalism. They also stipulate that Universalism is demolishing the global community. However, Marxist and Communitarians hold different views regarding perspectives against the Universalist conceptualization of human rights. According to Marxism, individual’s rights are created through socialism. This concept is formed by individual’s actions but not an individual’s nature (Tremblay et al, 33). Marxist stipulates that human rights are man-made. Thus, for individuals to achieve their goals, they must work together as a community. This will facilitate attainment of goals and interests. Moreover, proper balancing of social economic aspects will ensure that there is the advancement in people’s rights and interests. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, the founder of communitarianism believes that human beings are born free and equal. Communitarians believe that the society incorporates some aspects of equality. What is more, modern civilization has hindered freedom and rights that are granted at birth. Modern civilization has brought self-interest that encourages people to seek power. Marxist and Communitarian do not believe in the existence of human rights. On a Marxist’s point of view, human rights reflect the values and priories of political knowledge. Communitarians state that human rights are unnecessary and conquer with Universalism beliefs regarding human b