ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The United States is experiencing a sequence of structural and demographic transformations. Such transformations highly influence the manner in which women equilibrate their place of work and family responsibilities. Many women are getting into the American workforce; concurrently, working women are encountering different difficulties, which bar them from completing their work and household duties successfully. In view of such transformations, workplace flexibility is turning into an issue of concern in flourishing organizations. This is mainly the case in big companies that encounter substantial pressures concerning offering female workers enhanced flexibility in the place of work. With the concerns of social and structural challenges, future organizations will be compelled to ascertain more flexible organizational arrangements (Putnam, Myers, & Gailliard, 2014). Technological developments will result in enhanced workplace flexibility, thus making organizations progress toward more efficiency, productivity, and continued competitive benefit. Kathleen Christensen Workplace flexibility is a subject of sustained professional arguments (Christensen, 2013). Since progressively, more women are getting into the American workforce; workplace flexibility is turning into an issue of great interest. Flexibility in the place of work is the fundamental focus of Kathleen Christensen, who takes workplace flexibility to be a social and structural matter. Flexibility in the place of work is a multifaceted result of numerous social and structural transformations of the American civilization. With respect to the social perspective, the American way of life has undergone extensive social transformations in the last three decades. Females, particularly the middle-class women, have got into and remained in the workforce. The widespread majority of the families in the United States have a couple of earners. Additionally, the level of single-parent or single-earner homes is persistently rising. In this regard, women require higher flexibility to handle their workplace and family duties. Structurally, the concern of flexibility in the place of work reveals and validates the extant mismatch involving the social and demographic modifications and the inert character of workplace practices. As affirmed by Christensen (2013), an all-encompassing place of work, having its permanent formations with linear profession pathways, is not suitable in the variable demographic and social situations in the United States anymore. Though the requirements of the labor force are varying, the structure of the workplace in the majority of organizations stays unaltered. The working parents and private segment workers in the US, in addition to older employees, are bearing the price of the structural disparity. Though sluggish to react to such disparity, they are generating chances for more flexi
C.K is a 40-year-old male individual that experienced his first stroke one month ago. He was brought in with a speech impediment that developed when he got the stroke. The patient’s family quickly acted when he started experiencing a numb feeling in his right side with his arm contracting and bending at the elbow. C.K’s physician placed him on levofloxacin immediately after he arrived at the hospital. He did not have any allergies and was in good shape despite eating highly saturated fatty food. However, the patient exhibited signs of a stroke that resulted in difficulty communicating and articulating their thoughts. C.K’s family stated that he had not worked out since his early twenties and was constantly stressed working as a foreman for a local construction company. The patient exhibited stress because of these roles and was exposed to toxic fumes at work. He had worked in the industry for nineteen years and began this work as a painter while advancing his education in construction. As such, C.K was regularly exposed to paint fumes and worked in a strenuous environment. He came to the hospital for the first clinic accompanied by his wife and second-born child; his older son could not come because of a test at school. The patient has a wife (married for fifteen years) and two children. Pathophysiology A stroke is a rapid neurological upsurge due to impaired perfusion to the brain resulting from blood vessels. The most common prevalent form of stroke, Ischemic, accounts for 85% of stroke patient casualties (Grotta et al., 2021). It causes oxygen and blood deficiency supply to the brain. The other form, hemorrhagic stroke, results from leaky or bleeding blood vessels and is also referred to as intracerebral bleeding. Ischemic strokes lead to embolic and thrombotic issues in the brain. In the latter, atherosclerosis influences blood flow through the constriction of vessels. Plaque build-up ultimately forms clots and narrows the vascular chamber resulting in a thrombot
Microsoft PowerPoint is a popular, widely used, electronic substitute for the old visual aids like hand-drawn blackboards or whiteboards, or mechanically created slides, with overhead projectors. “PowerPoint was initially developed in 1984 by Forethought, Inc., Sunnyvale, California, for the Macintosh computer. In 1987, Forethought was bought by Microsoft and became Microsoft’s Graphics Business Unit, which continued to further develop the software.” (Microsoft powerpoint, 2009). Beginning from the 1987 PowerPoint 1.0 for Mac OS classic version, Microsoft has managed to bring around more than fifteen versions into the market. Presently it is a part of the Microsoft Office suite. The Microsoft Office suite is developed to run on various Operating Systems like Microsoft Windows, the Mac OS, and Linux (with the help of Wine compatibility layer-Used for running windows application in Linux). The other applications that are available in the latest Microsoft Office suite include Microsoft office tools, Microsoft Office Excel, Microsoft Office Word, Microsoft Office Outlook with business contact manager, Microsoft Office Visio, Microsoft office publisher, Microsoft office Accounting express, etc. Beginning with Microsoft Office 2003, Microsoft had revised the brand name by calling it Microsoft Office PowerPoint instead of just Microsoft PowerPoint. The current versions available from Microsoft are Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2007 (Windows OS) and Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2008 (Mac OS). The latest version of the Microsoft Office system program is a 32-bit application and can run on a Windows 64-bit platform (Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, and Windows Vista). The entire office suite requires a minimum of 500MHz processor with 256 MB RAM and 1.5GB hard disk. The coming version from Microsoft will be Microsoft Office 2009 (also known as Office 14). Also, free trials, latest upgrades, and customization options are available in Microsoft office online. Microsoft Office PowerPoint presentation tool which helps the users to create efficient, professional, dynamic presentations. The latest versions are so professional that they integrate workflows and provide a medium to share information easily. This popular presentation software has a wide range of users like business people, students, and educators. In corporate businesses it is often used to create professional presentations and publicity presentations, in order to communicate with the clients and also for the internal communication among the different levels of workflow of the organization. Students and tutors use this wonderful presentation tool for creating training mate
Hospitality Hospitality is the warm reception of a guest or a visitor. However, hospitality management refers to the control and administration of procedures as well as processes set aside to ensure warm reception is maintained. We can analyze hospitality and its management by taking two case studies namely Aramark and the National Automation Merchandising Association (NAMA). Aramark Aramark is widely recognized as a multinational corporation that partners with companies and institutions in meeting the daily basic needs of their employees and customers (Aramark n.pag). It offers the following services: Quality foods and beverages This corporation has established restaurants in places such as shipyards, Germany but also operates its businesses in real estate companies, universities and various schools. In such places, merely qualified chefs are employed to cook different delicious and elegant meals that suit various ethnic groups. In fact, their courteous and well articulated attendants ensure that all the regular and non regular customers are delighted through utmost treatment. In schools, the corporation ensures that children do have well balanced diet by offering two meals in a day (Aramark n.pag.). This does not only create ample time for teachers and students but it equally saves costs incurred by the entire institution. Furthermore, the corporation expands its services to cater for a large number of fans in stadiums and arenas. Provision of cleaning services Aramark provides and replaces uniforms besides offering laundry services to firms alongside hospitals thus facilitating effective task performance. Basically, the corporation cleans the offices for these business entities and cares for the overall physical image of other institutions while delivering and picking parcels at same time. The firms that enjoy Aramark services include hospitals and real estate companies. Provision of recreational services Aramark partners with recreational resorts such as Lake Powell Resort and Marinas. The corporation provides lodging and recreational services to these resorts. It has further built institutions where children may relax after school without causing any disturbance or being deemed nuisance to the teachers and parents (Aramark n.pag.). NAMA NAMA as a recognized body consists of several regional and national companies that sell edibles and electronics mainly through automated machines. All companies that make up NAMA ensure that goods are delivered fresh to the consumers via the vending machines. In essence, they offer fast and efficient delivery services
Implications or Alzheimer’s Disease Nursing Since there is currently no cure for Alzheimer’s disease, the future of the nursing care for the people that have the identified disorder concerns mostly maintaining the patient’s quality of life. Therefore, designing the tools for improving the patient’s cognition functions, as well as fostering a safer environment for the target members of the population, should be viewed as the further course of nursing. Pastoral Care At present, there is a definite propensity in pastoral care to believe that memory loss and the deterioration of the cognitive abilities are not to be viewed as a sign of personal degradation. Thus, caregivers should focus on reconstructing the essential details of the patient’s life. Active use of personal pronouns, the emphasis on the unique characteristics of the patient, etc., will help retain the latter’ memory and improve the communication between the patients and their family members (Varcarolis & Halter, 2010a). Social Services The social services seem to be geared toward providing patients with Alzheimer’s disease with an opportunity to learn more about their condition and explore the treatment options that they have. Furthermore, social services are geared toward offering the family members the essential information about tending to the needs of people with Alzheimer’s disease. Home Health Care There is positive evidence that home care has a better effect on patients with Alzheimer’s than hospital care. Therefore, home care opportunities are becoming increasingly more numerous. New options for home health care have emerged, the current list containing companion, personal care, homemaker, and skilled care services (Ruz, 2016). Community The increase in the number of chances that people with Alzheimer’s have to integrate back into society successfully has had an effect on their relationships with the community. Among the essential effects, the communication process has become simpler and more efficient. Antisocial Personality Disorder By definition, the Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) is rather difficult to address. Because of the comorbid disorders, as well as the fact that the patient is typically incapabl
Cognition is the mental process through which people know. It involves becoming aware, perceiving, reasoning and making decisions. A person’s cognitive capacities develop from birth onwards. Similarly, people form their behavioral patterns and personality via a developmental process stretching from infancy to adulthood. Developmental theories suggest that the rise of criminal conduct occurs in a person’s life course (Thornberry, 2004, p. 54). Some developmental theorists identify a strong relationship between cognition and crime. Criminologists associate crime with incapacity to deal with problems methodically, deficiency in verbal intelligence and incapacity to express self using abstractions. Moffitt also links neuropsychological, executive and verbal deficits which occur before or after birth to the rise of criminal behavior. These deficits inhibit reading, listening, speech, memory, writing, problem solving and cognitive abilities. This eventually leads to impulsivity, inattention and antisocial behavior including crime. Giordano also attributes the development of criminal conduct to cognitive changes that take place during the development process. The cognitive shifts include openness and exposure to a hook for change, ability to see a replacement self and shift in the person’s views of crime (Leclerc & Wortle, 2013, p. 242). Research indicates that crime is, to some extent, rational. People choose to engage in deviant conduct when they believe criminal activities will maximize their benefits. Classical theorists, for example, argue that people opt to involve in criminal activities on making rational determination of the price and merits related to crime. Classical views explaining the origin of criminal conduct include deterrence and rational choice theories (Cullen & Agnew, 2011, p. 112). The deterrence view explains that individuals are rational, and chase their personal interests. People participate in criminal activities when they are to their advantage. Deterrence theorists propose the use of severe, swift and certain punishment to prevent crime. Proponents of deterrence perspective also explain that punishment diminishes the deviance of those individuals whom the society punishes. Indeed, some research reports indicate that some individuals opt to reduce deviance in response to a punishment (Cullen & Agnew, 2011, p. 117). According to general deterrence theorists, individuals in the masses chose not to engage in crime in response to the punishment inflicted in a deviant member of the society. The rational choice theorists explain that criminals are judicial individuals who work to minimize their suffering and maximize their happiness. This presents criminals as rational individuals considering the option that serves their self-interest. Criminals consider the
Derivatives are basically financial instruments that derive their financial value from stocks or really goods. They are normally contracts established between two parties with a view of exchanging value in the context of stock or existing goods. Like in a typical transaction, the seller receives money in the exchange for the agreement to buy or sell goods at some future date. The greatest idea behind derivatives is that they offer leverage. In that case, one is able to take possession of goods or property they would otherwise not have accessed. The most common derivatives are futures, options, and swaps which operate slightly differently. An option contract gives its holder the right but not obligation to engage in a transaction involving an underlying stock or real good at a predetermined future date and price (Groz, 2007). A call option gives the holder the right to purchase underlying security while a put option grants the holder the right to sell an underlying security. Most options are designed to provide a choice on when the contract will be exercised. Futures, on the other hand, are agreements to conduct a transaction at a future date in which case all the pertaining aspects of the transaction including price, quantity, and delivery date are agreed upon at the present while the actual transaction occurs at a future date. In that case, the buyer of the futures contract is legally obligated to give money which equals the contract price while the seller is legally obligated to deliver the goods agreed. A swap is also an agreement that occurs between two parties to exchange cash flows for a specified timeframe. The major motive behind most financial derivatives is the need to hedge against future uncertainties which may impact negatively on businesses. On the other hand, speculators use financial derivatives such as futures to basically take advantage of economic fluctuations. A financial system is a nexus of financial institutions, markets, and services that facilitate the transfer of funds within an economy. The prevailing financial system in an economy greatly determines the economic growth of that economy. In that case, the system plays a very integral role in any modern economy, especially at the present age. Considering that investment drives the wheels of an economy, the financial system links the savers and the borrowers so as to enhance investment. The payment system and mechanism in an economy are fully a function of the existing financial system. In terms of risk, the financial system plays a great role in risk minimization by ensuring diversification of the financial activities in the economy. It also helps in the assessment of financial claims by making them more liquid. The financial institutions in a country normally comprise deposit-taking institutions like banks, insurance companies, asset finance companies, pension funds, and capital market institutions. These institutions provide a wide range of varied services that govern the financial market. The major financial instruments issued in a financial system
Introduction The history of humanity can be considered the history of constant wars and military conflicts that shaped people’s mentalities and resulted in the formation of states and international relations. Because of the human nation’s desire to dominate, and the thirst for power, multiple clashes became the inevitable part of our evolution. Unfortunately, being the most violent form of interaction, war has always remained one of the most frequently unutilized tools to resolve conflicts between nations or achieve a certain goal. At the same time, there were multiple cases of civil war, when tensions within a country were so serious that no opportunities for a compromise were found and parties started to attack each other to ensure support to their positions. That is why internal conflicts also became a significant part of our history, impacting the ways states evolve and preconditioning their further raise or failure. In modern history, there are many causes of internal military conflicts that alter countries radically. Civil Wars and the Post-Cold War Era Speaking about civil wars, one should remember that they do not start in a moment as there is always a set of reasons that have been topical for a particular period of time and resulted in the emergence of a critical situation. This type of conflict can be determined as a war between citizens of the same country who try to protect their interests. From the definition, it becomes clear that there are two or even more opposing camps trying to grasp the control over the country to ensure that the appropriate political course is selected. In many cases, the reasons for civil conflicts remain the same and include social or ethnic issues, power reconfigurations, economic competition, and unacceptable living conditions (Baker 45). The existence of these factors serves as the stimuli for the initiation of military actions and attempts to change the way a state evolves. However, when speaking about civil wars that occurred at the end of the 20th century, and later, it is critical to consider the political factor as one of the most potent forces impacting the evolution of nations. The fact is that era was characterized by the opposition of two superstates the USA and the USSR and their allies. Being known as the Cold War, this conflict significantly impacted the international relations and states’ development vectors. However, the collapse of the Soviet Union meant the end of this era and the start of the post-Cold War period, with its unique peculiarities of the international discourse. Having lost a powerful ally that supported particular political forces within a country, many nations wanted to reconsider their future, current ideologies, and relations between ethnic groups comprising them. It resulted in the emergence of multiple clashes and civil conflicts. In such a way, the post-Cold War era became a period of the rise of various nations that were previously depressed by ideologies or the dominant ro
Executive Summary The case on Blockbuster Videos, Netflix, and Redbox unearth vital issues surrounding the stiff rivalry between the companies, changes in customer perceptions, and technological advancements. The paper discusses major details highlighted in the report, which include competition, market trends, and the role played by technology in determining customer behavior. The stiff rivalry between the two service providers, Blockbuster Video and Netflix, dominates the case right from the beginning to the end. The present situation of Blockbuster Video and Netflix portrays them as companies that have experienced major shifts in client behavior. Notably, shifts in customer behavior emanate from the demands introduced by technological advancements. From the paper, it is noticeable that although past clients loved renting new releases, modern clients love services that they can comfortably access in their places of residence. The change in behavior is evident from the new services introduced by the two companies, which focus on delivering videos to clients at their various homesteads or in their workplaces. Moreover, advances in technology have also facilitated the change in demand for videos. Unlike in the past, advances in technology led to the introduction of DVDs developed using high definition (HD) or Blue-Ray Discs (BD). Therefore, a high level of rivalry, changing client dynamics, and technological advancements are some of the factors that make the case important not only for large companies like Blockbuster Video and Netflix but also for individuals who intend to establish their enterprises. Introduction Blockbuster Video and Netflix are the major competitors discussed in the report. Although the report highlights Redbox, Vudu, and Amazon as additional competitors, the level of rivalry that they exert are not equivalent to that manifested by the two giants in the video industry. In the report, it is practical that technology is a major player that dictates the changes witnessed in the market. These changes occur unexpectedly and in an unforeseen manner. The present situation of Blockbuster Video, for instance, was triggered by unexpected changes, which took place in line with technological developments. Losses incurred by the company that forced it to file for bankruptcy, are largely a result of the poor planning and absence of preparedness in the face of high competition and technology. The case is important because it helps large companies like Netflix, Redbox, and even Blockbuster Video to move with the changing trends in the market and experience minimal losses. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the details and key issues of the case, provide a theoretical implication, and give recommendations on the possible future of the video industry. Relevant Details of the Case Technology and competition After going through the case, it is clear that technology and competition are the two major details. Technology and competition are pronounced, and their dominance is evident in the case study. While rivalry conc