ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Andragogy has gained a lot of relevance in the last two centuries. Traditionally, education was perceived as a general process of imparting knowledge to student irrespective of their ages. Later, researcher came to realize that adult education had some differences from that of children. An adult who is undertaking education would be motivated by different factors from those that would a child. An adult can be self-motivated, unlike a child who would have the feeling that they are being forced to learn. A child may not understand the consequences of education. It would go to school because it has been told to do so. As Neary (2002) says, an adult appreciates practicality in education. They want to be taught what can be applied in a practical context. On the other hand, most children fear practical subjects. They want theories that they can easily memorize. This has lead researchers in this field to believe that there is a difference between adult education and that of children. Although many scholars have come to appreciate this difference, there are those who still believe that there are some similarities between adult education and that of children. There are those children who are self-motivated, just like the adults. Some children also like practical learning that can be applied in the real life context. On the other hand, some adults go to school in order achieve some set goals and as a result, they would want things that are easy to memorize and pass easily. Therefore, there has been a belief that the concepts of Andragogy, though they are dominantly applicable to adults are also applicable to children. It is important for a teacher to understand andragogy in order to be in a position to know how to handle students. A learner should also be in a position to understand the concepts of andragogy in order to appreciate the importance of the learning process. This study seeks to analyze the concepts of andragogy, how it is applicable in a learning set-up and its relevance to educators and the learners of all ages. Traditional Learning Context Traditional learning context has always been based on a set up where the teacher is an adult and the learner is a child. In such set ups, the teacher would have the supreme powers as the age difference makes him or her take both the role of a teacher and a parent. Tannehill (2011) notes that this may not be the case in adult learning where in some cases, the teacher might be younger that the learner. As such, the teacher must be in a position to assume the role of a teacher and not a parent. The learning process should be more of a dialogue than an instructive kind of learning. I remember being part of a class in a conference that was organized by the company. The topi
Introduction Education as many can define it, is a creative process, which involves the development of various latent capacities in human nature and how these latent expressions can be coordinated for progress and enrichment of communities. Education helps to equip children morally, religiously and materially with necessary knowledge to participate in most of activities, which can make this child have a good life in the future. Education is quite important to everyone because it helps us in discovery of our talents. Education is one of the most important issues to me, because education is helps me to develop as a personality and as a character. It is through education that I am in a position to realize the truth and make my own decisions though the knowledge I have. It is through this creative process that I am in a position to achieve the essential harmony between reason and faith since it encourages the reality and trains my mind to recognize the truth. Education is also an instrument for change. There is a great change from the time I had no education with this time. Now I have enough of knowledge to make things change. It is through this education that I am in a position to develop my own business which has made my life change completely. Good education makes me make strategic decisions as far as my business is concerned hence leading to the growth of this business. It is through the knowledge I have I can make important policies which affect the organization of this business hence my success in life. (Ambach, 2000). Education makes people socialize well with others. The structural imperative in our society is that children in this society have to constantly socialize with each other. These children are supposed to interact with each other and the best place for this process is in schools. Schools are seen as socializing agents for children. Since my society requires for children to interact and socialize, I find that education is an important issue, since it strengthens our norms and value in the society. If this socialization process was not there, then our society would not be able to function well. Due to the increasingly complex nature of work most of the societies have, children have to be educated on higher levels of standards of technical competence. You find that today with the modern technology, it requires a bit of education so that one can be in a position to function well in the society. If you are not educated, then there is no place for you in the modern world. Most of the activities which are done today require technical capacities. Therefore, you find that education is seen as something very important since it gives knowledge and skills in order to compete effectively on the job market. (Ambach, 2000). My strong support for education derives from various theories which explain the importance of education in different societies. The Marxist and the Functionalist theories can explain the role of education in most of the societies. The two theories analyze the role and the purpose of our education. It is through our education that
Introduction WestJet Airlines is an airline company in Canada that has gone beyond all odds and managed to be at the helm of the hospitality industry. All of its founders have always believed that the key behind the company’s success is their consistency in culture and service production. The origin of this company is 1994 when one entrepreneur, Clive Beddoe, thought it was cheap to own a private jet to facilitate his weekly business travels between the two cities of Vancouver and Calgary. Amazingly, this did not just end at that. Clive and other partners thought it wise to offer charter transport to other likeminded business people who made trips to and from the two cities just like them. This eventually became a business opportunity for Clive and his crew. They realized the potential in commercializing the charter transportation of the likeminded business people. After extensive consultation with other entrepreneurs, Clive and his crew partnered with Neeleman to come up with a comprehensive financial model and business plan. They then came up with cheap, point-to-point airline services that were proposed to operate in the western region of Canada. This business plan seemed so viable and attracted quite a number of investors who miraculously raised the needed capital worth millions of US dollars in less than a month. The company’s first employees moved to their very first offices in downtown Calgary (Ken, and Gerard, 52). It is important to note that in November of the same year of its conception, the company managed to purchase two Boeings 737-200 and bought a third in early January of 1996. During its first stages of operation, WestJet Airlines flew its jets to the cities of Kelowna, Calgary, Vancouver, Winnipeg and Edmonton. It was not long before the company extended its wings to the cities of Ottawa, Moncton and Hamilton; where it actually built an international airport as its eastern base. Since then, WestJet Airlines has registered enormous growth. Problems facing WestJet Airlines The company’s culture could be a possible problem. WestJet Airlines’ founder, Beddoe, had once said in an interview that the success of the company li
Introduction Before discussing the portrayal of Korean women in Korean films it would be pertinent to look at the condition of Korean women in a Confucian society since it will help in understanding the present condition of women as well. Martina Deuchler (2003) writes about Korean society in the following words: “In olden times when a girl was born she received education from a nurse; when she grew up, she received instructions from a [female] teacher, Thus she became a wise daughter in her natal home, and when she got married, she became a wise daughter-in-law, and when she met adversities, she became a virtuous woman. In later times, instructions for women did not reach the inner chambers, and thus [for women] to establish themselves firmly and when confronted with disastrous situations in the face of blank weapons, not to change their resolve, whether they were to live or to die, can be said to be difficult indeed”. Koreans prefer males over females and for this reason birth of a son is greatly celebrated as compared to the birth of a daughter. Women are considered to be an object for male pleasure and their role cannot extend beyond the boundaries of their houses. Where males are given the freedom to flirt with as many women as they want, women on the other hand are taught moral education from the beginning and are suppose to practice morality in order to become virtuous. Men could have primary and secondary wives but the status of secondary wives was never the same as the primary wives. Likewise, the offspring of the secondary wives could not compete with those of the primary wives. Women were educated only to become good daughters, wives, mothers, and daughters-in-law. They faced economic inequalities from their brothers and husbands. The new bride was always advised to “overcome her emotions and to be all the more obedient and submissive under the more oppressive conditions of her new surroundings (Deuchler, 2003)”. In this paper, I intend to discuss the image of Korean women portrayed through their movies. For this purpose, I intend to explore the movies in which women’s issues have been highlighted. Although a lot has been changed in the past few decades still it is believed that the Confucian views are deeply rooted in modern Korean society where working women are not greatly appreciated and gender discrimination is still prevalent. Under such circumstances, it becomes easy to understand the marginalized role played by the Korean actresses in the film industry. Let us now review the portrayal of Korean women in their movies. Images of Korean Women in Movies Gina Yu (n.d.) writes in her article “Images of Women in Korea
The problem As people interact, trade, socialize, and live together, they develop a common culture; they learn to appreciate and respect other people’s views objectives, values, standpoints, and opinions. The culture of a people is unique to them; cultural differences among countries are a hindrance to globalization. The dimension of the problem Cultural globalization is used to refer to the erosion of an individual group or country culture, to create a common and generally accepted system of doing things. When full cultural globalization is reached, then people will be interacting freely and can easily predict the actions of each other. The people of the area uphold a certain culture and it is transmitted to new entrants into society. it covers areas of the language used by the people, the way they do a thing, a religion that they practice, structure, identity, norms, beliefs, and values they hold, Art, music, and songs also form another form of culture that the people hold. When cultural globalization is attained, then all the above elements of culture will be common across all tribes and countries (Schulte, 2000). Evaluating evidence One of the breakthroughs that globalization has brought is enhancing the movement of people from one region to another. Persons of different cultures interact, share values, discuss various issues, and get a chance to appreciate each other’s way of life. It is appreciated that human beings develop a certain mode of behavior from factors arising from socialization right from childhood to adulthood. Our values, beliefs, and morals are largely influenced by the society we live in, culture, and hereditary factors. Societies have different mechanisms that are geared to re-enforcing certain behavior deemed acceptable. However, as human beings interact with each other change their lifestyle, or are compelled to change their mode of belief whether consciously or not, a behavior modification, which in most cases conflicts with previously instilled values, occurs. Globalization has enabled people to interact with each other. They have different cultures and the emergence of a global culture is starting to be experienced. Such leads to the acquisition of new ways of doing things and cultural exchanges. Of the greatest, influence the information and technology’s role in enhancing cultural effects. The consolidation of the media such as the television, the internet, radio, magazines, and newspapers from one country find their way to another because of the open interaction between nations, consequently influencing people’s way of life. People with different ideologies come together and share their standpoints and opinions, when they
In the case study, Mrs. Smith must show the existence of an authorized affiliation between herself and Bright Road Health System. Duty to care obligates the medical facility to protect the rights of others (Pradhan, 2014). As such, the duty to care arose between the patient and the hospital the time the patient was admitted to the facility. In this regard, it was the responsibility of Bright Road Health System to treat Mrs. Smith and prevent her from cross-contamination in the facility. Based on the above illustrations, it is apparent that duty to care was established in such a scenario. Mrs. Smith developed a staph infection after surgery at Bright Road Health System. She contracted the disease after Dr. Paltrow failed to change his surgery gloves before attending to her. Dr. Paltrow used the same gloves as he proceeded from one patient to the following and Mrs. Smith was the last patient to be inspected. Similarly, the nurse on duty during the incident took a long to report the issue of cross-contamination. If she had reported the problem early, the situation could have been addressed at its initial stages (Schroeter, K. (2008). Therefore, the reasons that Mrs. Smith was not only infected with a life-threatening but also experienced a protracted disturbing ordeal is evidence that the duty to care was broken. In the above incident, there is no doubt that an injury was committed. Because the physician failed to change his gloves before inspecting her, she contracted a staph infection. The infection entered her bloodstream before spreading to one of her lungs. The condition led to empyema. Her pleural space was filled with pus. Following the infection, the patient ended up being admitted to the facility for a month instead of five days. Similarly, her husband and other family member suffered emotional injury after Mrs. Smith contracted the disease and had to spend more days in the hospital. Concerning the above illustrations, it is clear that an injury was caused. The cause of patient injury resulted from negligence. The standard of practice required in a hospital setup required that Dr. Paltrow change his gloves as he progressed from one patient to another. He is also required to wash his hand after attending to every patient (Youngberg, 2011). However, the physician did not adhere to these principles as required. Similarly, the hospital was required to supervise its employees accordingly. As such, a reminder poster should have been hung in the ward to remind physicians of the need to abide by the re
Introduction The Horn of Africa, a region that includes Ethiopia, Sudan and Somalia is known for constant conflicts famine and other human crisis. In 1980’s this region experienced extreme drought and famine that led to death of many people. Surrender or Starve: travel in Ethiopia and Eritrea written by Kaplan gives a detailed account of the famine during the period. As journalist reporter in this region, Kaplan had close experience of situation. The account made in the book draws attentions to this region, which had been neglected, by the world during the conflict. The main theme in the book, famine, is a major threat to human existence and development not only in the region but also in many parts of Africa. Famine can be viewed from more than one perspective; ecological, political, cultural and technological effects have great influences to famine. The accounts in the books explore the influence of religious, ethnic and class conflicts in the region to the famine. The accounts also give details on influence of political instability to famine, and, how the famine influence current crisis in the region. Technological and Ecological Perspective to the Famine In history, the Horn of Africa has a record of frequent and persistence droughts. The geographical positions of the region, unstable rainfall and prolonged dry period have been a major factor in famine in the region. The severe famine experienced in 1980’s could be explained, in one perspective, as resulting from frequent drought in the region. Due to landscape and geographical location, Ethiopia has unstable rains that lead to frequent drought. The temporal and spatial distribution of rainfall has led to three main seasons. The three seasons differs from typical two seasons observed in tropical region. The three main seasons are dry season, long rains season and the short rains season. These seasons provides the basic framework for agricultural structures of the country (Kaplan, 2003, p 131). The long rains season in the main planting season for major crops in the country. The short rains seasons is used for planting main short-term food crops for most communities. The dry season provides the right conditions for harvesting both the short and long-term crops. Due to the nature of seasons, divergence in climate results to major loss of crops with little chance for recovery. For survival of the livestock, it is imperatives that limited rainfall should be received during the dry season. During the period between 1975 and 1990, Ethiopia and the other regions is the horn of African received unstable rainfall. Rains in the long and short rains seasons were not enough to sustain full of food crops. As most communities were pastoralists, frequent drought led to loss of livestock due to famine. The dry seasons were ex
Comparing and contrasting the protagonist The role of women in modern society is not similar to the one played by the women of the mid-twentieth century. Women have advanced since then and have now brought about a society that embraces equality. Both the authors of “the sorrowful woman” and “Story of an Hour” present their protagonists as women who are introverted and forced to play roles they did not like at all. They were quite submissive to their respective husbands and carried on with life as housewives. This essay seeks to explain that in order to have a successful marriage, the husband and wife should work together as a single unit in which the husband and wife play their respective roles without any form of imprisonment. There is imprisonment of the women in their marriages. The protagonists in the two stories are both presented as women who are imprisoned in their marriages and constrained in the roles they play as women. Both the two women have turned out to be tired and sorrowful or “sick”. More so, the two protagonists are similar in a way that they both die at the end of the story. They both turn to nature and isolation to get a solution to their troubles. Even if marriage is portrayed differently in the two stories, it is seen as a restraint to the protagonists in both stories. This is not just shown in the story’s events but it is as well portrayed in the manner each of the two protagonists in the respective stories turns out to be a dynamic character. There are varied attitudes towards the family or marriage life in the women. In “The story of an hour” Kate Chopin presents the protagonist who moves from the state of abandonment to a state of fresh freedom upon hearing the news of her husband’s death. She kept on whispering “Free! Body and soul free!” She was filled with happiness since she did not have to live for anyone by for herself now. “She carried herself unwittingly like a goddess of victory” (Chopin 4). This is in a way contrary to what Gail Godwin presents in the story “A sorrowful woman”. Here, the protagonist abruptly turns out to be weighed down by guilt at her abrupt hatred of her role as a mother and a wife. She did not want to be near her husband and child and she spend most of her time resting in her big chair “gazing into the snow-ridden” branches putting on her slacks and a sweater. She is confronted with the feeling of being abandoned and bitterness towards the family (Anon 1). Conclusion In a successful marriage, the husband and wife are supposed to work together to remain as a single unit. It is quite clear in the two stories: “The story of an hour” and “A sorrowful woman” that there is no working together in each of the two families as a single unit. The two wives tend to have sunk deep in their own grieve and sadness to a point that there could be no means to salvage the situation. They had sunk deep to a level that whatever the efforts they could make, they wouldn’t ever want to realize what once may have been a very wonderful marriage.
Kidneys are instrumental in eliminating toxins and waste substances, including uric acid, creatinine, and urea, extracellular fluid volume regulation, electrolyte concentrations, serum osmolality, and hormone production. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the chemical procedures used to diagnose kidney disorders and advancements in kidney testing methodologies. I will also present my thoughts regarding the elements a novel examination may target. Chemical Methods Used to Diagnose Kidney Disease Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) The GFR is the most effective glomerular function indicator; it relates to the millilitres per minute filtration rate of compounds contained in plasma via the glomerulus. Currently, there is no endogenous marker with the recommended features, and therefore, exogenous GFR markers are commonly utilized for assessing GFR. GFR analysis using a polysaccharide identified as inulin is regarded as the reference procedure for GFR estimation. Other common exogenous markers used for GFR assessment include radioisotopes such as 99 Tc-DTPA and 51 Cr-EDTA. Creatinine Creatinine is the most conventional endogenous marker used to assess glomerular function. It incorporates urine collection over a twenty-four-hour period, or ideally over a precisely scheduled time (five to eight hours) and, according to Chwala and Ronco (2016), twenty-four-hour collections are notably capricious or unreliable. Incomplete or inappropriate urine sampling is among the primary factors impacting this test’s accuracy; therefore, a scheduled collection is crucial. Serum creatinine is an advanced renal impairment indicator – according to Chwala and Ronco (2016), renal function is reduced by fifty percent before a serum creatinine surge is observed. GFR is categorized in various phases depending on one’s kidney disorder. Since eGFR uses serum creatinine, the effects of issues related to serum creatinine computations are typical; this, therefore, demands corrections for factors, including age, gender, and race. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) BUN relates to a nitrogen-comprising substance produced within the liver as a urea cycle and protein metabolism’s end product. Approximately eighty-five percent of urea is excreted by k