ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Business environment is experiencing rapid changes due to the dynamism brought about by the emerging technologies. According to Bradley (2005, p. 67), firms currently face a lot of challenge trying to manage changes within the external environment. With the stiff competition in the market, firms cannot ignore the need to adjust to the changing market structure as a way of retaining their competitiveness. They have to develop strategies that can help them achieve success in the market. Organisational development has been considered one of the best ways of achieving success in such a dynamic and competitive environment. This is so because it offers a firm a rare opportunity to embrace dynamism when addressing the market forces. According to Cheverton (2004, p. 73), a firm that fails to manage changes in the environment may risk losing its market share to its competitors. This is what has been taking place at HTC. HTC was once one of the major Smartphone manufacturers and distributors in the world. It was very innovative in the market, and was always able to understand the changing tastes and preferences of customers in the market. However, this has changed, and the firm is currently struggling to remain competitive in the market. About three years ago, this firm had a 25% market share of the Smartphone market (Doyle 2008, p. 87). This has changed drastically, and the market share has been reduced to only 5%, a clear indication that this firm is struggling to remain competitive in the market. In this study, the researcher seeks to use organisational development to align human resource, processes, and strategies at HTC in order to bridge the gap. Particular focus when aligning the three factors will be to promote creativity and innovation not only in the manufacture of the products, but also in the marketing strategies. This new approach is expected to create superior marketing strategies for this firm in the market. Background of Organisational Development According to Cheverton (2004, p. 34), “Organisational Development is a planned, systematic approach of improving organisational effectiveness by aligning strategies, people and processes.” An organisation will always meet factors that would demand some changes in its strategies, processes or people working on various departments. Whenever there is a change in any of the three factors, there will be a need to align the other factors in order to harmonise operations within the firm. For instance, if a firm realises that it needs to introduce a new process in its manufacturing system, it will need to develop new strategies of production that are in line with the new process, and the employees may need some training in order to understand the new approaches to the changes introduced in the prod
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) Vision 2021 spells out economic and social prosperity intentions of the country. The vision is presented in key themes that capture the interests of the country’s population. The themes are as follows, ‘united in ambition and responsibility,’ ‘united in destiny’, and ‘united in knowledge.’ The Vision outlines the strategic priorities of the country as economic development, social development, security justice and safety, infrastructure, land, and environment as well as government excellence. 1 Assessment The country has made progress economically and socially in the past and needs to maintain the momentum in coming years. The national interest is to be proactive in responding to challenges affecting the people of the UAE and to leave a legacy of prosperity and stability. It also seeks to have all its citizens enjoying a life of dignity and stability. The country needs its people to be confident and socially responsible, and it can only do so when it has sufficient resources for education and community policing. As confident citizens, Emiratis should be able to carve their future in the spirit of entrepreneurship. They will be able to embrace personal commitment and strong work ethic that leads to satisfaction and motivation for self-reliance. This should also lead to better social outcomes for the society and reduced overall dependence on government assistance for social coping. On the international environment, the UAE remains a major trading partner with various countries around the world, which helps it manage its export and import trade to support GDP growth. The country is connected to the world financial system, which allows it to receive and transfer capital necessary for investment in economic development projects such as infrastructure. It is also a member of the World Trade Organization. The membership supports trade liberalization and allows the country to participate in global trade effectively. The oil prices in the world have been stabilizing after reducing; they will continue to affect the opportunities for earning higher revenues for the UAE government and affect its ability to finance development projects that support GDP growth and sustain inability to realize its goals for Vision 2021 2 The influencing factors in the domestic environment include the following. The UAE has one of the most highly developed economies with sufficient industrial capacity to support growth. It already counts as one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world and attracts different types of tourists and investors in its real estate sector that has been growing very fast in the past few years. The country has a detailed economic development plan that is renewed every two years to offer direction for investment and support financial and other economic sectors. The capital invested in the country appreciates quickly, which is the main reason for investor attraction. UAE has been a recipient of UAE inflows that amount to $10.5 billion. The UAE economy is considered as the 25 th
Summary The river Nile is known to be the world’s longest river (estimated to be 6500 kilometers long) and is strongly attributed to the ancient Egyptian civilization. The source of the river remained a mystery to the early inhabitants of ancient Egypt for a considerable amount of time. At first, it was believed to be an outpour from an underground tunnel that originated from a cataract. Years later, travelers were of the opinion that its origin was located further to the south. The discovery of the source was made however established in the 19 th century. It was said to feed from two tributaries, the Blue Nile and the White Nile (Rosalie, 2007). Nonetheless, they considered it a great gift from God as and it was said to be responsible for the productivity of the lands located along its waters. This is because the river flowed across desert land, which was the more reason for the people to appreciate its waters. Rosalie (2007) mentions that inhabitants of Ancient Egypt had little or no knowledge of the existence of the life beyond the river. The river Nile was the only thing that mattered to them, as it was their source of livelihood. The Nile contributed to the people’s livelihood in a number of ways. These include the use of papyrus, an invaluable raw material, which grew along the river. It was mainly used to make rope and was also a raw material in the making of boats (used in navigation along the river).These boats were used in fishing and hunting, which brought food to the table at the end of the day (Erlikh, 2000) . The waters of river Nile were also useful in cultivation of land. The people used the water to irrigate the land (given the desert conditions in Egypt).This provision enabled them to grow various fruits and vegetables. The river banks also provided good cultivating lands because of their rich fertile soil. This was a great impetus to increased tendency to cultivate; with crops such as barley used to make beer and wheat which was used to make bread (the staple food for many peasants) (Erlikh, 2000). The Nile was also essential to civilization as it provided a mode of transport for the local inhabitants as well as foreigners who crossed the river to the other side. This facilitated communication, interaction and trade of commodities among the people. It is implicitly clear that the River Nile contributed majorly to the ancient Egypt civilization. This is because it brought a new life to the inhabitants who were able to cultivate and communicate with other people (since they could transcend the lake barrier by use of boats). Reflection The river Nile took a number of years for its source to be correctly identified. I feel that this was a major contributor to development and civilization taking a comparatively longer time. Had the discovery been made earlier, I feel that the people would have had more awareness of their potential as a country. They would had forged towards the region’s development many years before it essentially happened. I also feel that ancient Egypt inhabita
Diagnostic models Organizations operate in an environment that is under constant change. Therefore, organizations should have efficient change management strategies to guarantee their future prosperity. Diagnostic models serve as change management guidance for organizations. Diagnostic models include the Burke-Litwin model, the congruence model, and the Six Box model. The congruence model uses the open system principle to analyze change management within an organization. The congruence model views the organization as a dynamic and social system, whose sole purpose is realizing congruency among its different subparts. The degree of organizational effectiveness depends on the level of congruency, and the strategy that the management uses to ensure various subparts are congruent. An organization must ensure that it uses a strategy that fits its operational environment conditions and the four organizational components – people, work, formal structures and process, and informal structure and processes (Nadler and Tushman 38). The major limitation of the congruency model is that it does not explain the method of determining congruency and the level of congruency that would have desirable results. The Burke-Litwin model overcomes some of the limitations of the Congruency model. The model provides twelve variables at different organizational levels, which are critical in change management. The organizational levels are total system level, group or work unit level, and the individual level. The total system level encompasses leadership, strategy, culture, and the external environment. The group or work unit level encompasses management practices, structure, systems, and climate. The individual-level includes values, needs, motivation, and tasks (Burke and Litwin 524). Boeing faces the issues explained in the Burke-Litwin model. Therefore, the Burke-Litwin model would help in explaining the problems that Boeing faces. Explanation of the Boeing situation using the Burke-Litwin model The drastic change of the external environment is one of the major factors that make Boeing find itself in its predicament. Increased competition from Airbus necessitated Boeing to undertake drastic changes to avoid losing its competitive edge. Also, an increase in market demand necessitated Boeing to increase its production capabilities to meet the demand. The inability of the company to cope with the changes efficiently led to several problems. Organizations should ensure that changes in the external environment do not affect their core mission and strategy. Boeing’s diversification into the space industry and the merger with McDonnell Douglass makes the company stray away from its core mission and strategy. This is because McDonnell Douglass focused on defense contracts, whereas Boeing was mainly involved in
Abstract Over years, research has linked issues on teens getting access to guns and firearms in general. Of late, the concern has heightened because of the incidences where the teens are getting access to guns stored in their homes in places that are unlocked. Teens are either getting irresponsible with the guns even when they are mentally normal while others are turning to guns when they become depressed or extremely angry. They do this to commit suicide or even harm others especially if they are under influence of drugs if not out of anger. On the other hand, mental illness and handling of guns have also been focused with a suggestion that, if somebody has a history of mental health or has ever attempted to commit suicide, he/she should not be allowed to purchase guns. In this research paper, the issue of teens, mental illness, and guns will be addressed with a close analysis of the relationship between the three. The connection between teen, mental illness, and use of guns Research has shown that there is a close connection between teens, mental illnesses such as depression, and guns because, from studies done, one in five teens almost always suffer mental illness before the age of 18 years. According to (Zimring, 1998 pp45-49) “This leads to a teen getting into risk of either suicide or attacking other teens using guns if they get access to them”. For example, among the leading causes of death in Washington, suicide is the second among teens, and a higher percentage of such teens use guns to commit suicide. (Gorski, 1993) argued that, there are many reasons why guns are potential risks when being handled by teens. First, a gun is quick and also deadly and when a teen decides to use it to commit suicide; which is a short-term crisis, they prefer to use guns if they are easily accessible because it makes their work easier. (Rosenfeld, 1999 pp27-29) said “This is possible because in most homes where there are guns, they are usually not locked and so it is easy for the teen to get them”. Research has shown that, most of the teens who are successful in committing suicide will have gotten guns to do so from either their homes or from their relatives. Solution that would protect the family from violence caused by youth using guns is to ensure that, all guns are removed from homes especially if there is a teen or any other member in the family who has a mental illness such as depression or is taking drugs including excessive alcohol (Gordimer, 1999). If guns have to be kept at home, they have to be safely kept by locking them up to reduce the ease at which such risky individuals would access them. It is also advisable to unload the guns before storing them in a lockbox. Trigger lock should also be used on all guns and this is encouraged even when they are locked up where the bulle
Introduction The successful application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in businesses would arguably be one the most pre-eminent innovations of all time; or the worst. AI is gradually being adopted into everyday business use, ranging from management workflow to different trend predictions. It opens up new opportunities for businesses, with research estimating its potential to increase productivity is at 40% or more (Ricard, 2020, para. 1). Further, “professional services giant PwC claims AI could add nearly $16 trillion to the world economy by 2030. The consultancy group McKinsey predicts $13 trillion in the same time frame,” (Ricard, 2020, par. 1). However, while AI may be intelligent, it remains a machine. Its emergence is paving way for a whole new different set of business models, but it is not without its inherent problems that may affect business operations. New Problems Related to the Impact on Business One of the main concerns with the adoption of AI is bias. AI algorithms are human-made, meaning, they could have in-built bias created either intentionally or otherwise by their makers. As a result, the AI algorithms produce biased results that may lead to unintended consequences (Chalmers et al., 2020). A biased AI system will damage a company’s reputation and credibility instantly, especially in a generation where people are aware of rights and inclusivity and are ready to ostracize companies based on related missteps (Park, 2017). A recent example was Amazon’s AI-infused hiring process in 2018 that received negative press for being biased against women. The program was trained predominantly on resumes that men submitted, it ended up being biased against female applicants. Secondly, safety and social manipulation are a concern for businesses and their consumers. AI technology is bound to malfunction, and that would be detrimental for the businesses deploying it (Chalmers et al., 2020). Instances, where such malfunctions have occurred, include when the AI chatbots in Facebook started interacting with one another in a new language that only they could understand, also when Microsoft’s Twitter chatbots were hijacked. It would be difficult to retrieve and secure personal data if a faulty AI used an unknown language. In addition, these malfunctions raise ethical issues and legal concerns for the companies using them. Several law enforcement and private entities are known for using facial recognition technology. Google, in 2015, launched a photos app that was meant to make searches easier for its users. Instead, it implicated the company and raised ethical concerns when it tagged a black couple as gorillas. Newest Developments in AI and their Future Projections, Problems Related, and the Solutions AI Advancements in Wildlife Conversation Oxford Un
This painting is one of the most famous works of painter Jan Vermeer. Vermeer is reputed across the world for being one of the most talented painters. Vermeer remains a revered Dutchman who has excelled as an artist, leaving behind a legacy of success. This artist died at the young age of 43. His life was not very known but his works earned acclaim. The painting, especially, the one in context has remained one of the most impressive and comprehensive pieces of art today. Besides, any budding artist is obliged to admire and study the painting to become oriented with varying aspects of distinctive painting. Painter Jan Vermeer is credited with his passion for the domestic scene. His works featured many household situations which he could paint as scenes. The scenes seemed to draw their theme from Vermeer’s family life. Jan Vermeer had a large family that included eight children. The domestic scenes are replicated on the painting renowned ‘the young woman with a pitcher.’ In this painting, Vermeer used light and tone, two of the most vital elements of his skill set. In the picture, light and tone are given attention. The painting was done in 1675. It earned its name from its features. The entire work was done on canvas. The industry classifies the ‘young woman with a pitcher’ as oil on canvas painting. In size, the painting is certainly very small in comparison to typical paintings including Jan Vermeer’s works. The actual size of the painting is approximately 18*16 inches, which is relatively small in context. Rarely do optical effects become core subjects when a painter embarks on doing one. However, this rarity in art was overtaken by Vermeer’s special interest in optical effects. In this very distinguished work, Vermeer used colors, light, and shapes to make the painting a completely captivating scene. The work can be described as Vermeer’s optimal equilibrium, where his skill set consummated a process of artistic distinctiveness. Between colors and elementary shapes, Vermeer achieves a very vital stage through which, his ability to conceptualize is replicated in practice. The picture is a replication of his ideals about domestic serenity. The painting is a composition of perceived optimism. Vermeer wished for a domestic situation that was stable, calm, serene, and continuous. The aspects of su
In every organization, marketing plays a significant role in determining performance. This is more so in the contemporary world where the market has become highly competitive. Therefore, it is advisable for organizations to take actions that can help in maximizing their sales. One of the ways through which an organisation can maximize its sales is through reaching its market segments effectively. There are two main media through which an organization can reach its market segment. These include “space” (digital) and a “place” (physical) presence. In the contemporary world, technology level has improved significantly. Through technology, an individual can be able to visit an organization from any place despite of the physical differences. For instance, one can visit an organization while still at home without having to travel long distances. In order to be able to increase its market share, it is important for every organization to apply the necessary measures in order to reach a large number of customers from all over the world. Technological advancement has played a significant role in helping organizations to achieve this. For instance, an organization from China can now efficiently reach customers from the United States. Many companies can now be able to reach those customers who cannot be customer loyalty (Gao 2005). It is also important for an organization to reach its customers physically. In other words, it is important for an organization to enhance both space and place presence in order to realize best results. It is thus necessary to help all the customers to move effortlessly from one medium to another to maximize their utility. In the contemporary world, consumers are able to buy products by visiting an organization physically or while just from their homes. Some customers prefer using the internet to purchase the goods they need. However, there is another fraction of customers who prefer walking physically to the organization to make a purchase. In some cases, consumers may not be comfortable with using the internet. For instance, they may have the misconception that it is not a safe medium to make purchases (Meyerson 2005). Therefore, an organization must be vigilant while applying both media. It is necessary to consider whether the customers are comfortable with a certain medium. This is the reason why it is necessary to facilitate the movement from one medium to another, effortlessly. This is despite the fact that the online system may prove more efficient to an organization. Many companies have put efforts to encourage customers to