ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The Sugarhill Gang – Rappers Delight The song Rappers Delight is clearly representative of what used to be the discursive essence of themes and motifs, explored by the early affiliates of the Hip-Hop musical genre. In it, the band members expound on the pleasures of enjoying life to its fullest, while implying that it is specifically one’s possession of a plenty of money, which allows the concerned individual to lead an independent and thoroughly delightful lifestyle: “I got bodyguards, I got two big cars… I got a Lincoln continental and a sunroof Cadillac”. The song’s lyrics also explore the motif of sexuality – rappers make continual references to the fact that it is specifically their social status-related ‘coolness’, which allow them to have sex with as many women, as they can handle. Even though that the earlier mentioned themes and motifs are clearly present in the modern rap-lyrics, the manner in which The Sugarhill Gang reflects upon them leaves only a few doubts, as to the fact that the song in question was composed in the late seventies. This is because; as opposed to what it is being the case with today’s rappers, the band members refrain from accentuating the aspects of their racial affiliation, as such naturally oppose them against the society. In my opinion, this deprives the lyrics of Rappers Delight of a certain discursive depth and contributes to the fact that the discussed song can be well referred to, as such that promotes a highly stereotypical image of African-Americans, as people utterly alienated from the issues of a socio-political importance. Africa Bambataa – Planet Rock One’s exposure to the lyrics of Planet Rock , suggest that this song is being the least concerned with tackling any semantically identifiable issues. In essence, the song’s actual text consists of the lead-singer’s pleas for listeners to adopt a partying mood: “Party people, party people. Can y’all get funky?”. The most memorable aspect of how he does it is that there is an undeniable hype to these pleas, which in turn implies that the listeners’ likelihood to ‘get funky’ positively relates to their willingness to get high on alcohol or drugs. Nevertheless, the song in question is not altogether deprived of a certain political sounding, because it subtly refers to the promoted activity, as being associated with the lifestyle of the self-proclaimed ‘Zulu Nation’ members. In addition, the drumbeat, featured in the song’s melody, is clearly reminiscent of the drumbeat in African folk tunes. This subtly implies that the song’s semantic content (even though there is v
While deliberating on the perception of childhood, Wordsworth’s poems focus on the power of real action and suffering. In particular, We Are Seven expresses “…the perplexity and obscurity which in childhood attend our notion of death, or rather our utter inability to admit that notion” ( Lyrical Ballads xiii). Therefore, the poet reveals the reluctance of the main heroine to be separated from her brother and sister. The little girl fails to realize that she does not have connection with her siblings any more. Her inability to understand death makes her stay in an imaginative world in which nature interferes to keep the heroine from realizing her isolation. As a result, the poet uncovers the Romantic view of the reality, as well as impossibility to perceive death as a natural act. The poem is also endowed with a sociological perspective through personification introduced in language. Thus, the girl is forced to answer questions, as if she is polled by authorities who seek to control the population. Therefore, Blank argues, “[Wordsworth] wants the child to comprehend the ides of loss and his determinative” (122). However, the girl is not ready to accept this idea and, therefore, her story is about innocence and denial of reality, which is typical of all children from a psychological perspective. From the poet’s viewpoint, the story is more associated with his own experience. As a result, the poet refers to the representation of the Fall, the metaphor that allows Wordsworth to render the transition between youth and adulthood, reason and emotion, gain and loss, experience and innocence. There is a sophisticated debate concerning the child’s response to death. In particular, it is difficult to understand whether this notion render’s the girl’s denial or acceptance. In this respect, Blank argues that Wordsworth must uncover his own experience of losing his parents before he grew up ( Lyrical Ballads 122). The notion of death, therefore, is ambiguously represented, particularly in terms of its introduction of emotional development of the heroine. Overall, the poem can be explained as the Wordsworth’s intention “…to articulate his own unresolved thoughts and feelings about death” (Blank 122). Moreover, We Are Seven points to the poet’s evident separation from his own perception of childhood. Similar to We Are Seven, the poem Alice Fell: Or, Poverty starts with delivering an expectation of supernatural power. The poet driven by his searching is distracted by a strange sound: “I heard the sound – and more and more It seemed to follow with the chase And still I heard it as before” ( Alice Fell: Or, Poverty 13). However, this chasing has nothing in common with the supernatural because the sound is produced by the orphaned girl’s weeping. The child’s psychological state, predetermined by the de
Introduction Certain qualities are associated with adulthood; namely one can speak about responsibility, forgiveness, and independence of thought. This essay will show how these attributes are explored in such books as Persepolis , written by Marjane Satrapi, and The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian by Sherman Alexie. In particular, it is necessary to explain how Marjane, and Junior, the main characters enter adulthood. Overall, it is possible to say that an adult person should be able to take responsibility for one’s actions, to forgive others, and to think independently even his or her opinions do not coincide with the opinions of others. Certainly, these are not the only attributes of a grown-up, but they are probably the most important ones. Taking responsibility One of the qualities that an adult person possesses is the ability to take responsibility for one’s mistakes or faults. As he grows up, Junior becomes more aware of the consequences of his actions. In some cases, he can even blame himself for something that he is not guilty of. For instance, he blames himself for the death of his sister. He says, “She had burned to death because I had decided that I wanted to spend my life with white people.”(Alexie, 211)”. He believes that his sister died because he was not near her at the time of need. He exaggerates, but the readers can see that he has an acute sense of responsibility. In her turn, Marjana becomes ashamed of herself after procuring drugs for Markus. Afterward, she is regarded by her friends as a drug dealer. Marjane thinks that in this way, she tarnished the reputation of her family and country. Forgiveness Secondly, a person, who considers oneself a grown-up, should be able to forgive the mistakes and faults of other people. This idea is explored in both books. For instance, Junior eventually forgives those boys who teased him, even though they do not ask him for forgiveness. Similarly, Marjana also wanted to attack a boy, whose father worked for the secret police. However, her mother convinced her that this boy could not be blamed for the faults of his father. When she meets him, she says, “Your father is a murderer, but it’s not your fault, so I forgive you” (Satrapi, 46). Certainly, the main character does not realize that he may be hurting another person, but she can forgive people. Independence of thought Finally, a grown-up should be able to think independently, even when other people may think differently. In this regard, one can certainly mention Marjana who values their freedom and lifestyle, even even though she lives in a society in which women have to follow specific rules and norms. To some extent, this quality is displayed by Junior. Although he frequently meets children from well-to-do families, he does not reject the people from the reservation in which he lives. Moreover, Rowdy, who also lives on this reservation, remains his best friend. Conclusion Thus, it is possible to argue that the indispensable attribut
Martin Luther King and Malcolm X were the two major leaders in the Civil Rights Movement of mid 20 th century. While both leaders had similar goals of demanding recognition and protection of African American liberties in society, their respective backgrounds, approaches, remained widely divergent. Concurrent sections of this essay shall highlight these differences and their impacts on the Civil Rights Movement. Both short-term and long-term impacts of the two approaches will be investigated. The differences in both leaders’ backgrounds had significant impacts on respective civil rights struggles. Malcolm X was born of a Baptist father who had been a major champion of the Universal Negro Improvement Association (Karim). Malcolm’s father’s intense involvement in movement activities resulted in being at loggerheads with law enforcement. This placed his family in danger and thus embarked on constant relocation from one part of the country to the other before settling in Michigan. Malcolm’s father was later run over by a streetcar. His mother was later declared insane and sent to the mental care facility. These were sad times for the young Malcolm, who started living with foster families while attending various reform schools (Ogbar, 203). He later moved to Boston and got engaged in criminal activities that led to his confinement. It is during this imprisonment that Malcolm came to learn of Elijah Mohamed’s Islamic teachings and henceforth decided to become a Muslim, as well as being seriously involved in civil rights issues. Malcolm’s background is the opposite of that experienced by Martin Luther King (MLK). MLK was born of Baptist parents; his father was a minister, a post inherited from his father (MLK’s grandfather). This provided MLK with a strong religious foundation that would later influence his teachings and practices. After attending elementary school in Atlanta, MLK was admitted to the Pennsylvania-based Crozer Theological Seminary and later Boston University, where he received a Ph.D. in systematic Theology in 1955. He immediately took the ministerial role at Montgomery’s Dexter Avenue Baptist Church (Stanford University) and became increasingly engaged in civil rights issues. The influence of both leaders’ backgrounds can be seen in the methods applied in their respective leadership roles. On his part, Martin Luther chooses a nonviolent approach in achieving movement goals. Without a doubt, the choice of his approach was influenced by the extensive theological teachings he had received since his childhood. Despite the pressure from some quarters within the movement to push for speedy agitations through violence, MLK relentlessly preached and practice a nonviolence approach. Many civil rights movements participants, including Malcolm X, had concluded that MLK’s approach would take longer to achieve the intended goals (MLK Online) but Martin was ready to wait. Malcolm X was on the view that armed violence was the best measure to meeting civil movement goals. The difference between both approaches led to disagreements between the
Strategic and Operational Plan VTI Group is a company for the analysis that aims at selling small to medium cars and its spare parts, offering second-hand cars and car for lease across different cities in Australia. It was founded in 2000. Its headquarter is at 380 Bourke Street Melbourne. VTI Group cooperates with European suppliers to achieve a competitive edge. Car leasing becomes unpopular in Australia because customers are able to buy new cars on their own. Therefore, the employees who currently work at the leasing department should be re-trained and develop new skills to maintain an appropriate organisational culture and communicate all goals. Communication Strategy VTI Group is in need of a properly developed communication strategy. The main communication objectives are to engage with stakeholders, achieve new organisational boundaries, ensure all workers understand what changes are expected, develop new services for customers, and communicate additional needs of the company (Puto et al. 157). To achieve these goals, several communication methods may be offered, including storytelling as a type of verbal communication to compare and contrast the achievements of different organisations and give clear examples to current employees, written communication may be in forms of e-mails (to inform all people about possible changes and expected improvements), training manuals (to provide the staff with a guide on how to be re-skilled), and personal letters (to motivate every employee personally). Regarding the case of VTI Group, three audiences can be interested in a new communication strategy. Employees introduce services and develop their skills. The objective of the strategy is to ensure awareness. Methods include e-mail, regular meetings, and discussions. Customers are another group of people who observe the results of re-training and re-structuring. Short interviews and feedback can be used as a method of communication to evaluate the effectiveness of a new strategy. Finally, stakeholders have to demonstrate their desire for cooperation. Skype meetings and e-mails are the two communication methods of this strategy to involve new people in the business. In terms of a new communication strategy, employers have to consult with their employees on different issues. There are many provisions of consultation with employees, including the termination of employment, occupational health and safety, parental leave conditions, and working hours (Australian Government). The level of employee satisfaction with the condition may be estimated through monthly anonymous surveys and the results of the work achieved during a certain period. Grievance Procedure If the cases of employee grievance occur, the following grievance procedure can be applied to VTI Group. The aim of this grievance procedure is to provide all employees with a chance to raise their grievance and find a resolution as quickly and fairly as possible. If employees have c
Seeing an old person passing away is tragic; it seems that this person has just started getting the taste of life and finally gained the wisdom that people lack so much when making important choices in their lives, when his person suddenly has to leave. However, there is a sight even more tragic; that is the sight of a young person dying, since (s)he might have accomplished so much, and yet (s)he is no more. There are millions of things that cause young people’s death, starting with road accidents up to terminal illnesses. However, according to what statistics says, suicide tops this sad chart. The existing evidence says that depression is the key reason for the young to commit a suicide. Therefore, by analyzing the environment in which modern young people live and checking it for the factors that can possibly induce suicidal attempts, as well as checking the young people’s reaction towards these factors and specifying the depression rates among the present-day youth, one can possibly make the suicidal rates among young people drop considerably. The above-mentioned can be achieved by analyzing the students answers to the following question of a survey: “What do you do when you feel that everything goes wrong and that the entire world is up against you?” Since teenagers are apt to exaggerate their problems and, hence, feel depressed (Sebastian & Martin, 2010), the given question is crucial in determining the suicide rates. Another issue that needs to be addressed badly is whether the target audience is susceptible to the behavioral tendencies that occur among the young people of the specified age. To be more exact, it is necessary to figure out whether suicidal attempts are becoming an absurd “trend” among the young people. It is important to keep in mind, though, that suicidal attempts can be turned into a trend for various reasons. For example, a suicide might be considered a romanticized manifestation of despair in response to unrequited love; however, the given example is not the only possible suggestion. Another example of how a suicide can become a trend is the death of an idol of the youth culture, either natural one, or violent one, or a suicide itself. The latter case can be described as following the example set by the “idol.” That being said, it is important to stress that the second element of the survey tool is going to be represented by such question as “What do you think is wrong with the modern society?” Though the given question does not exactly lead to defining the possible examples of suicide that a teenager might be exposed to, it allows to pin down very precisely what the surveyed person thinks about the society in general and its trends in particular. Being socially active is a very trustworthy indicator of a teenager’s social engagement and, therefore, a good way to test whether the participant of the survey is prone to the influence of the possible suicidal tendencies. In addition, creating a personality cult, adolescents might actually consider the use of drugs and othe
An accident is an event that happens unexpectedly but this does not imply that they cannot be prevented from occurring. The truth is that most accidents that happen along our roads can be prevented. If we first know the causes of car accidents along our roads, we can then find appropriate measures to be taken to avoid them from occurring. The UK Car Accident Statistics Report  1. In the United Kingdom, there are over 40,000 accidents cases recorded per year.  2. In the report, at least 3000 people die every month  3. Over 30,000 cases have been reported as seriously injured and taken to hospitals for treatment  4. About 9990 cases reported in 2011 involved drunk drivers  5. Accidents in the year 2011, had cost the UK economy about £15 billion The following are some of the main causes of car accidents:  1. Equipment failure. The braking system may fail to work properly after the discs have become very hot and therefore become difficult to stop during emergencies.  2. Car tires may also be worn out and hence make the car to be imbalanced  3. Poor steering system makes it difficult to avoid some obstacles and therefore cause collisions.  4. Poor roadway design makes it difficult to drive       + The roads may have some obstacles that block the visibility of pedestrians especially when the road has many corners       + The presence of many speed bumps can limit the speed of car and hence make it unstable when travelling at high speed.       + Two lane roadways make it hard to drive and may cause head on collisions  5. Poor weather       + Snow along the roads can make the vehicle lose balance       + Heavy rains can lead to poor visibility on the roads  6. Poor maintenance of roads       + Debris and potholes may cause some minor accidents along the road due to poor maintenance of the roads  7. Behavior of drivers and pedestrians       + Some drivers may cause accidents after drinking or using mobile phones while driving which can distract them.       + Driving at high speed is also a major cause of accidents as it becomes difficult to control the vehicle.       + Deliberate prevention of an overtaking car by aggressive dri
Introduction A human is an integral part of nature, though in the modern age of technology people seem to have forgotten about this. There is hardly a person these days that will agree to exchange a life full of comfort for wilderness in which a person is his/her provider of services, food, and entertainment. How come that people started underestimating the significance of wilderness? How come that they never strive to stay alone with their thoughts somewhere amidst nature where the foot of man has never stopped? Modern people are too busy to appreciate the beauty that surrounds them; they are even busier to go to the places where this beauty is untouched and to feel connected with this beauty at least for a moment. Wilderness is of no interest to those who got used to spending their time in stuffy offices making money for large corporations and occupying their minds with how to use only twenty-four hours of the day more effectively. Wilderness, the longing for which should be partly present in all the people, became inaccessible to them. At present, wilderness is perceived as a place where people can escape from their hectic lives: “Seen in this way, wilderness presents itself as the best antidote to our human selves, a refuge we must somehow recover if we hope to save the planet” (Cronon 69). Thoreau treats wilderness as a way helping to reach isolation; this isolation enables a person to perceive the society more objectively and start enjoying the benefits of solitude, to grasp the essence of life, and to discover and admire those things which people’s ‘too-muchness, as stated by Cronon, does not allow enjoying. Using isolation and solitude to change the attitude towards life First of all, wilderness, according to Thoreau, helps a person to use isolation from society and, correspondingly, solitude, to start perceiving life and society more objectively. In the wilderness, a person is surrounded by pure justice, by the law of nature, by the world in which one may see the consequences of one’s actions and enjoy the fruits of one’s labor. Over the decades spent in a society, all the people have shaped definite ideas about it. Since most of the jobs in this world are monotonous, the events which take place in one’s life are often taken for granted. It is only by staying alone that a person can analyze his/her life and place in society. This allows forming an objective attitude towards it. Concerning modern society, such an attitude concerns its development or what people have acquired over the centuries of their evolution. A person can feel the difference between what the civilization has brought into the society and what wilderness can offer him/her: It [wilderness] takes him from the railroad car and puts him in the birch canoe. It strips off the garments of civilization and arrays him in the hunting shirt and the moccasin. It puts him in the log cabin of the Cherokee and Iroquois and runs an Indian palisade around him. Before long he has gone to planting Indian corn and plowing with a sharp stick, he shouts the war cry and takes the scalp in orthodox Indian fashion. (Turner 15) Such a vivid contrast betw
Introduction Apple Incorporation is a multinational organization with its headquarters in Cupertino, California. Being one of the biggest companies in the global technology industry, it designs and markets a wide range of products, including computer software, electronics, and hardware products. Its famous brands include iPad, Mac, the iPod, iPhone, Apple TV, and Apple Watch. Apple is a publicly traded organization that remains the most valuable in the world today. This research paper discusses the types of teams and groups that Apple employs to implement its goals and objectives. Groups and Teams The successful performance and profitability of Apple Corporation are attributable to the idea of teamwork. Employees work together in groups that have similar aims in an attempt to solve existing challenges and promote productivity. After formulating the intended objectives and goals, the leaders and supervisors at Apple guide their followers to form diverse teams whose roles and responsibilities resonate with the outlined mission and vision (Vozza, 2017). Such groups are evident in both top and middle management levels. The ultimate objective is to ensure that the company achieves its goals and maximizes the experience