ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The main problem that can be identified from the case study on H-P is the bureaucratic operational structure of the company, which crippled the efficiency of the sales force of the company. Therefore, the main problem identifiable with the company is in its organizational structure and especially with that of the sales team. This led to inconsistent corporate communication to customers, many sales people interacting with corporate customers confused them as to whom they should contact. As the salespeople were divided on geographic locations, it became difficult for them to handle multinational customers. Inconsistent corporate communication with customers in terms of price quotes from Europe and the US created problems for the customers and confused them. Bureaucratic structure made operations and decision making cumbersome which led to delay in internal process like recruitment. Further, it also forced high amount of administrative work on salespeople resulting in less attention being paid on customers. Thus, customer relations were affected. One reason for this was tall corporate sales structure, which had 11 layers of management between CEO and a customer. Main body Given this problem, Mr. Hurd had a few options to choose from in order to make the company’s sales tem more effective. First option was to make the corporate sales team flatter. Second, was to have a one-point contact for all corporate customers in the sales force. Third, was to increase customer orientation of the salespeople. Fourth, was to change the compensation structure of the salespeople. Fifth was to bring sales team under the business units. The above-mentioned strategies were devised by Mr. Hurd to address the problem at H-P. Making the corporate sales team flatter was a necessary step. A tall structure with 11 layers of management made the corporate operations slow and bureaucratic in nature. There were too many sales people and support staff at H-P – 17000 people in sales team, 10000 direct contact with customers rest support team or management. This led to higher turnaround and response time, which led to losing of profitable corporate accounts. However, this also led to massive layoff, which may lead to labor and union problems. Corporate customers were unsure as to whom they should contact at H-P in order to place their order. Thus, Hurd made a one-point contact for corporate customers, which made accessibility with the H-P sales team easier. This would also r
Lipids include simple lipids or triglycerides, complex lipids or phospholipids, and cholesterol or cyclic lipids. The term “fats” is used primarily for triglycerides, which are made up of three fatty acid molecules and glycerol. In the daily diet, fats account for 95–98% of lipids. That is why the term “fats” is used in the sense of food energy. Dietary lipids or fats are an indispensable component of food, a source of energy, plastic material for humans, and a supplier of essential substances. Dietary lipids contain three types of fatty acids: saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated. Saturated fatty acids predominate in animal fats such as lard or butter. Animal fats are usually solid at room temperature. Mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids are predominantly present in vegetable fats, such as olive oil. The human body is unable to synthesize two polyunsaturated fatty acids, linoleic (Omega-6 fatty acid) and linolenic (Omega-3), so they must be obtained from food. The content of these three types of acids in different fats varies. Dietary lipid is a concentrated source of energy for the human body: 1 g of it provides approximately 9 kcal of energy. Lipids are important building material for cells; they participate in the processes of growth and regulation of vital activity and supply the human body with fat-soluble vitamins. They are needed for their absorption and transportation in the body. Phospholipids are found in all tissues and cells, most of them in nerve tissues and brain cells. The fatty layer that forms around the organs protects them from bruises. They are needed to remove bile into the intestines; otherwise, it accumulates in the gallbladder, and there is a risk of gallstones formation. Dietary lipid is essential because it carries the flavor of food and creates a feeling of fullness. The recommended caloric content of fat in the human diet is 30 – 33% or 90 – 107 g per day. A balanced composition of the daily human diet should contain 10-20% polyunsaturated, 50-60% monounsaturated, and 30% saturated fatty acids. This is achieved when one-third of vegetable and two-thirds of animal fats are used in the diet. Lipids should not provide less than 20% of dietary energy; otherwise, there may be problems with the amount of essential fatty acids and the receipt of fat-soluble vitamins. In the case of a lack of fat, the development of the whole organism can be inhibited and resistance to environmental influences can decrease. On the other hand, fats provide too much energy, and when energy intake and expenditure are not balanced, they can be stored as fat
Meeting the needs and wants of the customers by developing products or services from which they could derive maximum benefits and are of value to them is termed as quality. Quality function deployment (QFD) had its origin in Japan during the 1960s; it helps a company to know the needs of the customers and helps it in meeting those needs. It has been a handy tool for the interdisciplinary teams. QFD includes members from marketing, sales, purchase, and quality control. QFD matrix is a great communication tool; it could be successful only if it is used efficiently. QFD was first employed by automobile manufacturers. It strives to get the customers’ view of quality throughout the product life cycle. “QFD therefore represents a change from manufacturing process quality control to product development quality control.” (Ghiya, Arizona & Chapman n.d., p. 593). The needs and requirements of the customers are identified and classified into a planning matrix known as the “House of Quality”. It is so called because it looks similar to a house with a roof on top and helps in communicating the needs and wants of the customer. It gives way to market measurement and helps eliminate physical contradictions. The main objective of the QFD is to translate the demands of the customers into target values that can be derived from the product. Their main objective is to fulfil the customer needs thereby increasing the level of satisfaction among them. QFD could light its path to foreign markets and could help to spot opportunities to develop products much before the demand by the customers. (Poel n.d., p. 21). QFD helps in maintaining the product quality. It assists the design teams in developing new products based on the needs of the customers and ensures that they are satisfied with the products and the value that is derived. QFD work is divided into four parts. They are:   * Market analysis to establish needs and expectations.   * Examination of competitor’s abilities.   * Determination of the key factors that contribute to the success
Introduction (Mission Statement) The company Able Corporation is considered to be an old American manufacturer of electric power tools; it specializes in professional quality of its goods and service making a significant part in industrial and consumer channels. Able Corporation has a high reputation on the market, though recently it has not got any investment for further development and widening. As a result, the company product lines appeared to be outdated and stale; the operations are costly and inefficient leading to significant losses in the business process running. Business strategies development for market operations of Able Corporation is to become an important step for high competitiveness financial health of the company; the principle mission lies in the outline of strategic tools and direction leading Able Corporation to successful business operating environment. The basic objective of a business plan is aimed at a clear understanding of current problems faced by the company in order to make sufficient steps and strategies turning the weaknesses into the strengths. Key Elements of Market Analysis The basic elements in market analysis for Able Corporation are considered to be the following: Market Growth Rate – the company is to identify the size of the market and its growth rate on the basis of target customers’ identification. People interested in electric power tools are to demonstrate the determination of the market growth rate through the development of a selling strategy plan and buying decision. Profitability – this aspect is to be reached through determination of minimal market area of operating activities. Able Corporation is to aim its strategies at calculation the balance between supply and demand taking into account the rate of competitiveness; it is necessary to consider the threats of entry barriers and substitute products. Industry Cost Structure – the determination of business success increase depends on the analysis of industry cost structure. This aspect in the business plan will help to stress the opportunities for competitive advantage development and analyze the central stages of manufacturing, such as, processing, fabrication, assembly, marketing (Coulter, 2007). Distribution Channel
Executive Summary This essay explains what an organizational culture is and how it impacts an organization. It begins with an introduction of what an organizational culture is and provides an overview of an organizational culture. This is followed by the definition of organizational culture and an explanation of what is a weak and strong culture. The essay also discusses a cohesive organizational culture and its benefits to an organization. This is followed by the practices which enhance cohesive organizational culture in an organization. The paper further elaborates on the values and practices that are required in BSG and gives an insight of organizational culture, that is, its origin and how it can be maintained. Before the conclusion, the essay describes the changes that are required in BSG and how they can be implemented and it ends by recommendations on how the changes can be effected which include formation of a committee to review the companies culture. Introduction Purpose of the report Organizational culture is a core principles that integrates an organization together, holds and motivates the employees to enhance their performance and to enable them develop some sense of commitment to the organization. Organizational culture plays several critical roles in bettering the performance and efficiency in an organization. Despite this however, there is no clear way of measuring organizational culture. This essay seeks to explore various types of culture and its utility in an organization. Scope of the report Studies of organizational culture in various organizations have been carried out. Organizational culture has the ability to influence performance and efficiency and it is analyzed in relation to the aspects like innovation and creativity, productivity and quality and information transfer. The report will analyze all aspects of organizational culture, its origin and its definition. It will also discuss one type of organizational culture and that is strong and weak culture. The report will also discuss organizational culture with respect to a case study which is BSG Company. Culture Definition of Organization Culture Culture has its foundation in anthropology and it is defined as a set of beliefs, morals, law and customs. There are various definitions of organizational culture; it can be understood in the form of organizational work practices, values, assumption and artifacts as well as in the form of norms, values and practices. Values stand for what the employees believe in, norms represent shared beliefs on how people should behave in an organization and practices are the informal or the formal job routines used in finishing tasks in an organization. Organizational culture is anchored in the way that people act in an organization, what they expect form one another and how they make use of each other. Organizational culture has a variety of perspectives: “process versus results, employee versus job oriented, parochial versus professional and open versus closed system” (Khan, Usoro & Majewski 2010, p. 63). Consequently, organizational culture is categorized into four orientations: goals, support, rules, inno
Introduction In her novel “The Dispossessed”, the author Ursula Le Guin talks of two worlds forming a two-planet system: Urras and Anarres. While Urras is a beautiful, fertile place, populated by a human-like race, Anarres is a desert world, a wasteland inhabited sparsely and devoid of water and biological resources that support life. Shevek is a scientist and a genius in theoretical physics. He grows up in the utopia, learns and rebels against its limitations, and reaches out to the world outside Anarres. Using this plot as a backdrop, Ursula Le Guin discusses various aspects of social and political feasibility in a different culture, a different history, a different world. The true focus of this book, however, is the Odonian utopia on Anarres. The Dispossessed discusses a wide range of utopian concepts derived from Taoism, the ideas of political thinkers like Fourier and Kropotkin, and the oppositional politics of the 1960s and early 1970s. Main body Antares is a society with problems such as complacency and stasis. Le Guin discusses the complex boundary between utopia and dystopia including in the process an examination of gender roles. In the utopian society of Anarres, the two genders are treated with complete equality, a fact reflected very clearly in their language “Pravic”, which has been specifically developed as part of their efforts to create the ideal society. This language has no words for sexual intercourse that indicate possession of one partner by another except for one indicating rape. Instead, the language features plural sexual verbs, indicating mutual action: “It meant something two people did, not something one person did, or had”. Individuals have names that are entirely devoid of gender. Infants are given computer-generated names, ostensibly as a democratic gesture that avoids conventional patriarchal naming procedures. Pravin also contributes to the communal nature of society on Anarres in other ways, as in its use of the same word for “work” and “play” and in its de-emphasis on expressions indicating possession. The details of the political philosophy in Anarres are mostly communist and anarchic: little to no personal property, no political structure, no one in authority, and peer pressure used as the only policing force. The drudge work of the world is shared in common, each person giving a day in ten. Shevek works on the development of a unified theory of time that incorporates both sequence – the typical Western vision of linear historical progression- and simultaneity – a sort of Taoist vision of all times as existing at once. This conflation of history and eternity thus serves as a central metaphor for the
Introduction Marketing researchers aim at attaining the most accurate data which will be helpful for the dilemmas that the study relates to and can present a conclusion that will be the basis for the firm’s decision making. Problems such as the irregularities of consumer’s feedback toward a certain product may come at hand and developing a new concept for the marketing plan needs to consider the factors for the researches. Discussion Sampling is used as a vital part of a statistical population to further study the information that relates to them. It can be described as the set of people that are chosen from a larger population to gather necessary data. The population then accounts for the group of persons, objects, or individuals wherein samples are collected for the evaluation and segmenting into each class where the individuals belong such as the population of students, professors, medical professionals, and the like. Primarily, a specific problem that should be addressed in this paper points out the determination of consumer insights toward a product that will be launched by a firm. This will hypothetically be referred to as the introductory stage of the product for a company. The target population is set to a state and involves different respondents of different ages. Marketing research should be conducted to answer specific areas such as the demography of the target market, its reception toward the product, and the competitors. Thus, a good sampling technique should be chosen according to what the research study requires to come up with an analysis that will benefit the company. Determining the proper sampling technique should first discuss the different types of samples and decide the best sampling method to be used on the problem. Classification of Samples Samples can be classified into three different perspectives namely random, judgment, and the convenience type of samples. A convenient sample points out to the simplest form of the sample wherein the outcomes prevail when simple units have opted from the population through observations. Judgment sample on the other hand can be attained through the good judgment of a person who does not profoundly recognize the important details of a population. The third one is the random sample which is the most important type of sample. It allows a determined probability that each vital unit will opt. This is also called a probability sample and is then c
English language learners have a diverse range of needs that should be met by educators. This paper is aimed at examining the way in which my school supports these students as well as their parents. In particular, it is necessary to compare the current strategies against the best practices recommended by researchers. Overall, it is possible to argue that such students should be supported by various professionals working in educational institutions. This thesis should be elaborated in greater detail. First, it is critical to have school-wide commitment to the needs of students who are not native speakers of English. To some degree, this requirement is met in my school because the linguistic background of learners is considered by educators who do not teach English or literature. For example, one can speak about educators teaching mathematics, biology, or history. They often modify their instructional methods when they interact with such students. However, this requirement is not met by all teachers. Some of them are not willing to consider the difficulties faced by these people. This is one of the challenges that should not be overlooked by school administrators. In turn, it is establish connections to the culture and home of immigrants. For instance, the parents of these people should be able to express their views about education. The partnership with these sta
The day when I told myself that it had been a while since I last attended a jazz concert happened to be the pivoting point in my vision of New Jazz music. The concert featured the compositions that had been around for quite a while and seemingly had no surprises. Nevertheless, because of a new and imaginative way to interpret the compositions known by millions of people for quite a while, the concert left a huge impact on me and changed my perception of the concept of the New Jazz music in general and the works of some New Jazz musicians in particular. The impact that the songs left with me is very hard to nail down. On the one hand, the unique interpretations of the songs were a fresh breeze in the range of traditional reiterations of the already existing versions. On the other hand, some of the interpretations rubbed me the wrong way, perhaps, only because I was so much used to the traditional versions of these songs. Anyway, it was rather engaging to listen to the new ways of singing old time classics. The shift from Fender Rhodes solo to saxophones trio in Gaviota might be considered too much of a risk for the band to take. Seeing how the song clearly sounded very differently from the traditional performance, the audience might have easily refused to accept the version suggested by the band. However, much to my surprise, the new vision of the composition did not cause any misconceptions or unwillingness to see Clare Fischer’s creation in the new light. The change in the choice of the instrument, however, did lend the song a more lounge-like sound, which seems to go against the author’s intent. While Fischer’s original version chimed in with the charm of the Girl from Ipanema with its bossa nova style, the concert interpretation was clearly aimed at triggering associations with the style preferred in the XXI century, which blends the influences of the mellow, classic and lounge jazz. The same cannot be said, however, about the interpretation of Joseph Kosma’s Autumn Leaves played during the concert; an obvious homage to the composer, the given version did not deviate from the one that was introduced initially. At some point, however, the idea of replacing the flugelhorn with a more upbeat trumpet can be considered a rather risky choice; because of comparatively higher range, the cheerfulness of the composition might be seen as somewhat out of place. Michael Franks’s Tell Me about It was revamped rather successfully, too. Originally quite boring, for my taste, song that every single jazz musician needs to come up with at some point in his/her life for some reason, it gained a new meaning as it was performed by a female artist. Perhaps, owing to the fact that the performer’s voice did not match Franks’s pitch and let the song sink into a lower tone, the composition sounded more sincere and refined. In contrast to Franks’s performance, the interpretation provided by the female singer actually helped understand the lyrics better and feel the light sadness that the entire song was sh