ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Osteopathic manipulation is an alternative mode of medical therapy and is gradually gaining popularity and acceptance in the medical community especially in the United States and European nations (Bockenhauer et al. 2002). There are however no controlled trials and studies supporting its efficiency. Osteopathic manipulation principles are based on the interrelationship between body organs and their function and the belief in the body’s natural ability to heal itself. This article seeks to criticise the application of osteopathic manipulation in the treatment of asthma patients. Several articles investigating the effectiveness of acupuncture as a treatment of asthma have generated conflicting results (Guyton & Hall 2009). Investigations by a group of researchers showed quantifiable improvement in bronchial response to histamine and asthma severity. This study was however limited to spinal thrusting, a technique applied by chiropractors. Aims of Study The study reported in this article seeks to critic the hypothesis that osteopathic manipulation techniques can be designed to increase respiratory motion. It also pinpoints the weaknesses of these techniques and their inefficiencies. The study is designed to collect both objective and subjective statistics before and after the application of four well-defined osteopathic manipulation therapy techniques. Benefits that would arise from multiple treatment sessions are sacrificed in a bid to exclude confounding factors. The focus is on the intervention of osteopathic manipulation therapy in restoring normal functioning and compliance to the thoracic cage that is objectively measurable. Patients’ reports of asthma symptoms and progressive severity have also been monitored to establish any immediate or future change that can be associated with the therapy. The article also seeks to use thoracic vertebrae articulation to find a statistically viable improvement in hyper-reactivity explainable by the effect of treating viscerosomatic reflex areas and return to normal sympathetic nervous system response. Care should be taken to determine whether this therapy will have adverse effects on the patient. Methodology Used by the Researchers The researchers used a pre-test-post-test crossover approach where every patient was treated through osteopathic manipulation procedures in line with sham procedures on different dates at least a week apart. This way the patients would serve as their control. Patients underwent two cycles of the pre-test-intervention-post-test protocol. One of these cycles consisted of four recognized Osteopathic Manipulation procedures that included balanced ligamentous tension in the occipitoatloid and cardiothoracic junctions (Ziment 2008). Th
A short story is a rich and complex genre that encompasses a wide range of ideas and author concepts. The story “Hills Like White Elephants” by E. Hemingway is a prime example of how summarizing a situation in general terms can form deep connotations. A man and a woman are sitting at the station, drinking beer, and talking about what they both know. However, from the dialogue, it becomes clear that the key topic is abortion, which, according to the man, is “really an simple operation” (Hemingway 254). The woman, Jig, doubts whether she should decide on such a procedure, while the man is sure that this is necessary and is the only way to maintain the relationship between them. The elephant metaphor that Jig mentions when comparing these animals to the hills on the horizon reveals the underlying problem – what is undesirable and brings potential discomfort. In response to the woman’s remark, the man replies, “I’ve never seen one,” which indicates his desire to close his eyes to the problem (Hemingway 253). As a result, each of the parties remains unconvinced at the end of the dialogue. This story is a good example to highlight Hemingway’s unique style and manner of conveying deep meaning through superficial descriptions. In his article “Hemingway’s Hills Like White Elephants,” Kozikowski notes that the writer creates a curtain between the two characters (107). This curtain is light and unobtrusive but, at the same time, separates them and does not allow agreeing on a common opinion due to their distinctive views. The man and the woman perceive the situation differently; for her, the topic of abortion is acute and worries her, while “he feels it as a simple, quick remedy to a removable annoyance” (Kozikowski 107). The inability of the characters to come to a consensus proves their incompatibility and lack of real love. Jig’s final smile emphasizes that she has already drawn her conclusions and determined how she will proceed in the future. As a result, the curtain between the characters does not disappear but, conversely, becomes even denser. When assessing this position, I fully agree with the idea of ​​a curtain between the characters in the story. As Kozikowski notes, two heavy bags that the man carries symbolize a mother and a child (108). For him, this burden is extremely heavy, and he is not ready for it from the very beginning, having fenced off f
Introduction The Northern parts of Canada were relatively uninhabited for a very long time; however, over the last twenty years its population has dramatically increased; now it constitutes approximately 100. 000 people (Canada’s National Statistical Agency, unpaged). In part, it can be explained by the growing diamond production industry. Some scholars argue that the effects of diamond have been primarily beneficial since it contributed to the reduction of unemployment in this area (Smith, 2; Monro, Wicander & Hazlett, 357). Furthermore, the diamond industry provided a powerful stimulus to the development of infrastructures such as roads and communications. In this paper, I would like to examine such an issue as the impact of diamond exploration on the economic and demographic situation in Northern Canada. Although it is too early to jump to conclusions, I would like to argue that despite the positive changes brought by diamond production, it did not significantly promote the well-being of the indigenous population. This is the key assumption which I would like to test. Geography of the Canadian North To conduct this research, I will need to rely on several resources. First of all, I will need to trace the population growth in this region. It will be necessary to describe the demographic trends in this area and explain the continuous inflow of people. This kind of information can be obtained from various governmental agencies like Canada’s National Statistical Agency. This organization provides reports about the changes in population density in this or that region of the country (Canada’s National Statistical Agency, unpaged). We must estimate which portion of these people work for mining companies or in those enterprises, related to them. This research method will enable us to see the role of diamond exploration in the reduction of unemployment. The second task is to trace the economic development of this region; I will need to focus on such aspects as income per capita, gross domestic product. In this way, it will be possible for me to determine the economic impacts of diamond exploration. Another issue that is also of great importance for us is how these mining enterprises transformed the landscape of this area. For this purpose, I will need to take a specific example such as the city of Yellowknife. We need to trace the development of infrastructure in this city, namely transportation (highways, airport, public
Nurses perform very important roles in enhancing the health of patients. Nursing is a field with diverse areas of specialization. The duties that nurses perform largely depend on the specialty areas of the nurses. Nursing is a professional field with diverse and flexible employment opportunities. Because of the diverse nature of the field, nurses can pursue their careers in diverse areas depending on their choices. After graduating, most nurses secure employment in public hospitals (state-owned or private hospitals). In these settings, nurses are engaged either in the treatment, supervisory positions, educating members of the public, or working with old people. Based on the nursing specialty, nurses can work in areas like hospitals, rehabilitation facilities, nursing homes, day care centers, and home-based health care. This is why it is important for those who want to pursue their career in nursing to have a glimpse of the areas they would like to work in before choosing a particular area of specialty in the nursing profession. This goes a long way in eradicating any future problems in employment. For those who have a passion for taking care of patients who are severely sick, then hospice facilities, nursing homes can be their perfect place to look for employment. On the other hand, for those with a passion for handling and assisting pregnant women, then nursing practice in midwifery centers is a perfect choice for them. Nonetheless, nurses can also pursue their careers in educational institutions. Those nurses with a passion for the young ones have an opportunity of realizing this in pediatric sections in hospitals. Moreover, nurses provide counseling, leadership, communication, and education in different capacities (Happel et al, 2003). It does not matter whether someone is a fresh college graduate or looking for career advancement. Looking for a career opportunity demands that people should ‘think big’ and ask themselves some important questions before they accept any job offer by their prospective employers. This helps to avert any future work burnout that leads to low productivity of the employees (Happel et al, 2003). Most of the new job seekers ignore this critical component. Significant questions should linger in the mind of any nurse seeking any employment whichever the field of specialization. Nurses should be able to ask themselves these important questions as part of choosing a position: Are the responsibilities satisfying with respect to my pos
Agency’s Description Lending Hand is a Christian prison rehabilitation ministry that can bring many benefits and hopes to society. Various life circumstances, biases, and other factors may prevent people released from prison from paving the way for a bright and law-abiding future. The agency can extend a helping hand to them and provide the necessary support. The activities of the organization cover assistance to former prisoners in the field of education, employment, housing, and spiritual support on the way of establishing their lives. The agency has support groups, interview clothing, contacts with potential employers, educational courses, and other opportunities. The organization’s activities take place under the auspices of the Christian Church and are supported by donations from outside donors, church members, and the work of volunteers. Agency’s Goals Goal Help incarcerated and newly released juveniles, adults, and their families isolated from society establish a new law-abiding life. Objectives   * Restore former convicts’ hope and faith in their future through spiritual support.   * Provide educational opportunities to acquire knowledge and skills for employment.   * To accompany on the way to employment, providing both spiritual and material support.   * Seek accommodation opportunities for those who have limited housing search options.   * Involve volunteers from communities to support the agency’s activities and increase released social acceptance of prisoners. Mission Statement The Landing Hands mission is to help former prisoners establish a new life by supporting their spiritual development and search for educational and employment opportunities. Service Delivery After leaving the prison system, people face real-world problems – finding work and housing, solving legal issues, health care, which is also complicated by widespread biases against former prisoners. Our agency believes that with proper support, such people can find hope and faith in their strength and live the life of ordinary citizens. Support and new opportunities are factors contributing to the prevention of further crimes. The agency’s services include consulting on various issues, such as legal assistance, seeking health care, or recovering from addiction. An essential part of the activity is assistance in employment by creating a communication network with potential employers and organizing training opportunities. Former prisoners can also receive help in finding housing and spiritual support from church ministers and volunteers.
The improvement of national security and stability is a complex objective, and it cannot be achieved only through promoting freedom, democracy, peace, and development. If the social moral base in the country is poor and corrupted, the state will suffer defeat in its efforts to endorse good order using policies, laws, and regulations. Therefore, society needs a moral support from religious and faith-based organizations. Trustworthiness of this position is proved by many examples from the history; and even the examples of some modern countries present evidence, supporting it. In the following paper, more details of why such a position is approved will be observed. Overall, the evaluation of facts from varied sources shows that society is the basis of the state, and if it is corrupted and does not have a basis of high moral standards, the government is sure to fail in its efforts to endorse peace, stability, and security. First, speaking about the possibility of promoting freedom, democracy, and development by the state without support from society, it is necessary to remember several bright examples from the history of humanity. The Roman Empire is known as the glorious world power, which had been based on the fundament of democracy, human rights, and development. This excellent reputation was one of the main features of this prominent state for centuries. However, when the population of this country had undergone a significant decline in moral and ethical values, the state suffered calamity. It is well known from the history how easily German barbarian tribes conquered the Roman Empire (Lott, 2011). When historians argue regarding the reasons for the fall of this massive world power, all of them agree on one point, which is the fact that Roman family institute had suffered decline due to immorality, homosexuality, and citizens’ thirst for debauchery. In addition, religion did not have its strong foundations in the Roman Empire, which is explained by the peculiarities of the empire’s creation. The state was a multinational and multicultural formation that included a variety of nations with their own religious and moral standards. Even despite the efforts of Roman Emperors such as Constantine the Great to unite the country using introducing the only religion, at the end of the day, society did not happen to be consolidated based on the same religious and moral norms. Thus, as a result of the gradual moral breakdown on the reason of hunger for entertainment and amusement, Roman society, and then Roman state had went away (Lott, 2011). Also, the examples, similar to that one of the Roman Empire, are well observed nowadays. For instance, so many modern African countries fail to have stability and peace in them. If to address the measures, implemented by their governments to secure freedom, democracy, and development, it becomes evident that much has been done to have the necessary improvement and even prosperity. However, the desired achievements do not come, and people continue suffering the reason of wars, disorders, and disturbances of different kinds. If to have a deeper glance into
The birthing process is the time from conception to birth and in preparing for the birth of the child then one should take childbirth classes to get ready for delivery and this is important in that one knows what to expect before feeling that first contradiction. One learns that there are three phases of childbirth including: labor that is when your body is working to fully open your cervix so your baby can be born; delivery of the baby; and the delivery of the placenta. One is also able to learn on the relaxation techniques and the breathing exercises that can help to get through the labor and learn how to relax and breathe during labor hoping to ease the muscle tension, stress, and pain. Also learn more about pain relief medications that are commonly used during labor. Learn how to recognize the signs that one is in labor and should call the doctor like the contradictions that become more regular and more painful, the rupture or the leaking of the membranes. One needs to get comfortable with the hospital before the baby’s birth this helps to take a tour of the hospital’s labor and the delivery suite before the actual delivery. You may want to stop in during the visiting hours so that you see the patient rooms and the labor and delivery area look like and feel more comfortable, and also have a chance of asking questions before. (Nowak, 2006). To be able to know the physiological and emotional changes then one needs to learn on: the coping skills and expectations- one is encouraged to share the thoughts, fears, and feelings and also be able to trust each other and work together to deal with labor; normal discomforts of the pregnancy- be able to provide the counter pressure for low backaches and the pains by steadily pushing on the lower back and be able to discuss the discomforts one is expecting and have instruction on different remedies; the benefits of the breastfeeding- this helps the uterus contract after childbirth and these contractions reduce blood loss after delivery and also strengthens the mother- baby bond; the nutritional needs- one requires the additional nutrient dense calories to build a healthy baby. On the first visit one is able to have a pelvic exam to check the size and the shape of the uterus and also warnings are given on what is expected of you like: don’t smoke because this raises the risks of miscarriage, premature birth, low birth weight; don’t use drugs like the cocaine which increases the risk of miscarriage, premature birth and birth defects; don’t drink alcohol which may lead to mental slowness; don’t sit in hot tub because it raises the risk of miscarriage and birth defects by raising the body temperature. In the medical tests one is able to know more about what you
Abstract Consumer choice is an aspect of microeconomics, which focuses on the consumers’ decision-making process. Firms always try to attract consumers to their products so that they can gain a competitive advantage over their market rivals. However, this can only be possible if the firm can understand the factors, which influence consumers when they are making decisions. Pricing is one of the major factors that influence the decision-making process. Consumers prefer products that are fairly priced. The income effect is another important factor that will determine the consumers’ behavioral patterns in the market. High-income earners have a different pattern in making their purchase decisions as compared to the low-income earners. Availability of substitutes in the market broadens the choices available for the consumers. Some consumers are heavily influenced by social factors, which define their tastes and preferences. Introduction Consumer choice is one of the most important aspects of microeconomics, which seeks to determine some of the factors that influence the buyers’ decisions in the market. According to Kreps (56), “In microeconomics, the theory of consumer choice relates to the preferences of a consumer when making purchase decisions.” The world is changing very fast and there are various factors within the microeconomic context that have changed in the past few decades. According to Nicholson and Snyder (39), in the past, the market had few players who had absolute power because they did not have competitors. They were operating in an oligopolistic market environment. Consumers had no choice but to purchase the products presented by these firms. However, this has been changing over time.
Introduction Hayek (103) believes that when economists overemphasize the importance of perfect competition, they are actually ignoring the solution when the situation is imperfect. In fact, the concept of competition is even more important when the market is imperfect so they should strive at offering a solution to that situation. Competition A good solution to an economic problem should be one that gives answers to problems as they are and not as they should be. To this end, any prescriptions that start from the situation as it should be would not be very useful. For instance, in perfect competition, it is assumed that the products and services in the market are identical. However, this is quite untrue in reality; people’s needs and knowledge vary tremendously so suppliers must respond by offering heterogeneous products. Additionally, human skills will keep varying from time to time with a high number of them changing for the better. This means that the nature of services and goods will also alter in response to these skills changes. In essence, no two doctors can ever be the same and the services they offer may not always be the same. Therefore, studying a theory that assumes these doctors to be the same would be very appropriate academically but would not be very useful in the real economic environment. Hayek (106) believes that competition is all about the spread of information. If people are aware of the possibilities within a certain market then they will be motivated to make efficient use of the resources. However, for that to happen, then the information being taken around must be constantly altered. Economists advocate for a theory that presumes that these factors do not change and this defies the very essence of competition. In this regard, it may not be wise for economists to continue depending on the perfect competition model which must always leave all factors constant. In order to place a certain argument in context, it is always crucial to understand the agents involved in the matter and time frame affecting them (McNulty, 81). For example,