ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Individuals who make up the workforce of a given organization, corporate sector, or economy play a crucial role in determining the realization of the set goals and objectives. Thus, the human resources (HR) department needs to ensure that the necessary standards set are met to foster workers’ professionalism, regardless of their area of specialization (Harrison 914). As such, the CIPD professional map provides the best practices that HR and L&D parties need to embrace for the improvement of their standards in the various industries. Noticeably, the map provides professionals and organizations with the definition of the necessary building blocks required for sound HR management in at least 10 areas of specialization besides underpinning at least eight professional behaviors for effective practices. In this light, this paper evaluates the meaning of a HR professional and the extent to which the CIPD professional map fosters its definition. Further, an evaluation of the way the two professional areas and at least two behaviors promote “HR Professionalism” would be the focus of this paper. Finally, the paper will provide an analysis and explanation of the drive, meaning, and practical application of the four CIPD concentric circles of HR professionals. The HR Professional and the CIPD Professional Map The HR aspect of an organization should be set in a professional way for the sake of bolstering the standards of the input or services offered by the workforce. As such, HR professionalism implies the ability of employees to offer value to the shareholders of the organization in an ethical manner by considering the outcome of their (employees) actions to the society (Ulrich et al. 57). Thus, HR professionals demonstrate the necessary skills and expertise by knowing how and/or when to apply the knowledge in their area of specialization. As such, the HR professional focuses on the management of self, as well as teams and groups. Additionally, the expert manages all areas of the organization. Therefore, the HR professional focuses on the integration of management roles at different levels, thereby fostering the realization of a shared value among the entire shareholders in an organization. In fostering the amalgamation of administration roles, the HR professional observes several attributes, including flexibility, integrity, ethical conduct and confidentiality, conflict management, customer-focus, and outward-looking, and a thinking-performer perspective (Harrison 919). The CIPD fosters HR professionalism in a manner that makes it an essential map for experts, as well as other organizations. The CIPD professional map plays a central role in fostering the meaning of the HR line of work by guiding the conduct of experts from the early stages of their careers to the latter phases. The four bands in the CIPD professional map underline the necessary behaviors and practices of professionals at different levels of seniority, ascending from the first
Introduction The One who walks away from Omelas is taken from Ursula Le Guin’s short story compilation, the wind’s Twelve Quarters, in this story, Le Guin presents a story of an imaginary city where delight and happiness thrive, where people are cultured and smart. Everything about this Utopian city seems pleasing and perfect, but there is a dark side of this city; for the city of Omelas to maintain its affluence, a child is kept in misery, filth, and darkness. Description of the story The story takes place in summer during a city festival, where Le Guin, take the leader on an imagination spree, where she gives details of this Perfect city. Her description of the city fills the leader with images of perfection, an attractive architecture, coupled with a clear blue sky, blue ponds and lakes, warm air with a bird soaring over the horizon, cheerful music, brilliant colors, and happy people who are having fun of their life. She continues to describe the city as a place where there are no technology, alcohol, religion, and drugs, where people have sex without inhibition. By so doing, Le Guin is inviting the reader to participate in the story, through the imagination of this perfect place. To bring the reader into speed with the habitants of the city, she describes them as people who are mature, passionate, and intelligent and “…are not as simple folk’ On leadership and Governance, Le Guin thinks that the city of Omelas does not need a leader in form of a king, Monarch, or any form of government, this, as she tells the reader, is to avoid rebellion within the city, which would, of course, end the city and the story she has created to her readers. The happiness and the contentment of the city of Omelas stem from a young, tormented boy locked up in a dark, filthy, broom closet. The young boy has to suffer for the citizen of Omelas. “…the tenderness of their friendships, the beauty of their city, the health of their children, the wisdom of their scholars, the skill of their makers, even the abundance of their harvest and the kindly weathers of their skies, depend wholly on this child’s abominable misery” Le Guin thinks that the citizen of Omelas have convinced themselves that it is perfectly in order and acceptable for one person to suffer to bring happiness to the masses, and nobody is willing to free the boy or question this issue. She continues “……to exchange all the goodness and grace of every life in Omelas for that single, small improvement: to throw away that happiness of thousands for the chance of happiness of one: that would be guilt within the walls indeed” The insinuation that the happiness and success of all citizens of Omelas stem from the suffering of the young boy, conflicts with the fact that there are those who “…are always shocked and sickened at the sight”, those who depend on the consumption of drooz to enjoy life in Omelas, and those whose sense of morality forces them to walk away in search of happiness. These two groups of people are nonconformists of the city belief. They are convinced there is another way to happiness. Those who decide to walk away from Omelas decide not to participate
Introduction Economic recession according to the economists is as a period when there is a contraction in the business cycle and hence a general slow down in economic activity. The great depression is one of the greatest economic recessions because it affected most of the countries in the world. It occurred in 1929 and started in the United States of America. During an economic recession period, there are indicators of economic development that vary in the same way. For example, the level of production measured by the level of gross domestic product (GDP) declines. The level of employment during an economic recession goes down as well as the level of investment spending. In addition, during an economic recession, household incomes decline. Due to the decline of production levels during this period, business profits also declines. Moreover, during economic recession period the inflation and the capacity utilization decline. On the other hand, economic recession leads to bankruptcies and the level of unemployment increases. Due to the increase in the level of unemployment, the crime rates also increases (Hughes p. 5). Many individuals turn to crime earning a living and hence the government incurs an extra cost of providing security to its citizens. This essay discuss economic recession because it affects many economies in the world and how it relates to the crime rates. Causes of economic recession Under consumption According to economists, various factors cause economic recession. One if the major cause of economic recession is under consumption. This is where the consumers consume fewer products available in the market. Decline in household income leads to under consumption and therefore the consumer standard of living also declines. When the consumers consume fewer products, the profits of the organizations or the producers goes down. Decline in the profits of the producers’ leads to the decline in government revenue earned through taxes. This is because taxes paid by the taxpayers are usually determined by the level of profits that the payer makes during a certain period. Therefore, when government revenue decreases, government spending also declines due to the shortage of finances (Wilson p. 50). In addition, decline in profits of the producers lowers the level of production and consequently it leads to unemployment because the company may not be able to pay all the employees when the sales are low. In addition, decline in household income leads to under consumption of other things such as visiting of tourism sites and other leisure activities also contributes to the decline of government finances. This is because government earns revenues through the fees paid at th
Introduction SWOT analysis is a useful tool for implementing the recommended alternatives to increase Harlequin’s global readership market share. The research focuses on the importance of implementing the price and product strategies to increase Harlequin’s readership market. The research centers on the company’s endeavor to put into motion the place and promotion areas of the marketing strategy to ensure Harlequin’s leadership in the readership market segment. Marketing entails focusing on the four P’s of marketing. Body Problem Increasing the Harlequin global market presence Alternatives  1. Harlequin should negotiate better global–author deals. The company can use present competitor author deals as a basis for increasing its  2. Increase the number of outlets selling Harlequin books around the world.  3. Increase the advertising budget to make the Harlequin name more exposed to current and prospective clients and book dealers.  4. Lessen operating expenses to increase company profits. Pros of each alternative In terms of alternative 1, the authors will be happy to be given the right to negotiate a more favorable royalty fee for each book published by Harlequin. Likewise, the company will profit from an author deal that benefits both the author and Harlequin Company. The authors will be able to bring their sentiments, complaints, suggestions to the Harlequin management during the global author dealing making. In terms of alternative 2, increasing the outlets will increase revenues. Increasing the outlets will increase the Harlequin products’ presence. Increasing the outlets will entail hiring more writers to craft more romance-based books. In terms of alternative 3, increasing the advertising budget will increase the company’s exposure to current and prospective clients. Increasing the budget increases revenues. The increase in the advertising budget would increase global revenues, especially in the romance books area. In terms of alternative 4, reducing expenses will allow allocation of the saved money to pay for other unavoidable expenses. Reducing the expenses will increase Harlequin’s net profit. Reducing expenses would translate to more money allocated to increase in salaries and benefits of the employees and managers. Cons of each alternative In terms of the first alternative, negotiating may result in the authors’ uncompromising stand in terms of the discount rate. The Harlequin management may not have the time to negotiate the best author deals. The management may strike an authorship deal that is forced on it by arrogant authors on a take it or leave it policy. The management may not have the time to research the economic or financial effect of the authorship deals. In terms of alternative 2, setting up additional outlets will cause the company to pay additional operating expenses for the new branch. The additional outlet may not generate enough author deals causing a drain in the Harlequin c
Since the founding of the first colonies, Americans have argued about the distribution of powers between the federal and local authorities. From time to time, the issue is considered by various state commissions and scientific organizations. However, as a result, they come up with the same conclusions, in particular, that there is no clear division of powers criteria between the Congress and the states.This discussion examines the issue of whether some powers of the Congress should be given to individual states and whether states’ powers comprising the health, welfare, and morality of the people should be addressed to the Congress. In my point of view, it is a rather controversial question as it requires taking into account plenty of aspects such as individual peculiarities of states and their citizens. Speaking of the health care system, first of all, it is essential to mention children. For example, in situations of physical, emotional, sexual abuse, or by malnutrition, sometimes the intervention of the Congress is necessary to some extent. Another example is the limitation of infected patients, in other words, quarantine. In such cases, centralized measures aimed at ensuring the protection of population should be an integral part of the government policy (Swendiman, 2012). However, at the same time, one cannot completely convey the problem to the Congress because each state is different from the other one according to certain criteria that should always be taken into account (Hall & Feldmeier, 2012). In the case of morality, I would like to mention as well the protection of citizens against inappropriate behaviour such as mastu
Introduction Ethnobiology refers to a scientific approach of studying the relationship between human beings and their interactions with the environment (Bornstein 2010). It is evident that the human population is going to pose serious health risks if corrective measures are not adopted. This paper is an assessment on drinking and bathing water in Sabah. Background Sabah is a Malaysian state located in the eastern side of the country and which borders Sarawak and Indonesia. This is Malaysia’s second largest state with a population of about 3,117,405 people occupying its expansive 73,631 km 2 (Yusuf 2009). Sabah is a poverty stricken area and residents hardly afford a comfortable life. It is evident that their lives are daily struggles dictated by nature despite having fertile agricultural lands, scenic mountains and its strategic location near the sea. This means most people do not have access to clean drinking and bathing water (Ellington 2008). Poverty Poverty refers to a state of being in dire need of help in terms of food, clothes and shelter. This region has a high number of poor people and this means water is a precious commodity here. Illiteracy is a significant factor that contributes to high poverty level in this region and this has forced these people to remain poor even though they are endowed with natural resources (Bowie 2011). Although, this state exports palm oil and petroleum it has a high poverty index since this trade is controlled by minority groups. Poverty makes people unable to access drinking water except from the hydro plant located near the town as shown in the diagram below (Bowie 2011). In addition, the hydro power stations serve many people and this means its supply capacity is overstretched. Water rationing cannot be ruled out since every block must get water according the number of buildings and inhabitants (Bowie 2011). Phase  Group A Buildings  Group B Buildings  Group C Buildings  Group D Buildings 1      2                  1                  2                  4                 2      2                  1                  1                  2                 3      1                  3                  2                  0                  Unemployment stands at 60 % despite this state having many resources and opportunities to exploit them (Hill 2012). This state was colonized by the Japanese before the Second World War. Slave trade was a thriving business since this place had a ready supply of human labor to European countries. The British colonized this state, occupied most of the fertile lands and controlled port activities. However, the Second World War remains a sore memory in this region due to the economic and human suffering experienced during that time (Bowie 2011). Th
Introduction The book under discussion is The Memory Palace of Matteo Ricci written by Jonathan D. Spence. It tells the readers about the life of Matteo Ricci in the Chinese Empire. Some people claim that this book presents information about the Chinese culture, religion, and lifestyle in the sixteenth century, whereas it can be considered a biography with the elements of narration. The author tried to insert more information about the country which is alien to us as his knowledge afforded. The author of the book is familiar with the Chinese culture, history, customs and traditions, religion, and lifestyle; he attempted to make us see that the Western and the Eastern worlds are as similar as different. There are a lot of things in common; at the same time, we encounter a great number of aspects that seem ambiguous and not understandable to us. In this respect, the book is easy to read but not very easy to understand. It seems strange to insert a such number of references and claims of other people, whereas the reader requires an interesting story of Matteo Ricci and his method of the memory palace. I did not experience the feeling of satisfaction after having read this book; it leaves a lot of space for thinking up what is missing and completing the story. I did not understand the concept of memory; though it took the author the whole book to explain the techniques of developing one’s memorizing skills and the aspect of memory palaces. The information concerning Matteo Ricci’s concept of memory palaces presented in the book is generalized to the extent that it is necessary to search for an explanation and some clarifications in the additional sources; “His description of the memory palace can be found in a short book on the art of memory which he wrote out in Chinese.” Jonathan D. Spence created a book that is of great value for students who acquire knowledge in Western cultures and try to succeed. The Memory Palace of Matteo Ricci is a great example of joining a biography of a famous person with the existing conditions of contemporary people, their customs, and beliefs. To be more exact, the image of the Christian priest Matteo Ricci is inserted into the environment of Chinese mandarins and those who possess non
Abstract There are a variety of tools that can be used to obtain a self-understanding. FIBO-B is a valuable instrument that helps in identifying a person’s behavior toward others. It can also assist in increasing self-recognition and researching the reasons for one or other actions or inner desires in distinct essential areas of activity. This tool consists of three fundamental dimensions of interpersonal needs, which are Inclusion, Control, and Affection. Two aspects that are expressed and wanted behaviors are also considered in the instrument. This paper will provide a discussion of a FIRO-B Profile and examine developmental plans for self, based on the obtained scores. Discussion of the FIRO-B Profile Interpretation of scores obtained in the FIRO-B is needed to examine the personality and choose the appropriate developmental plans. In the provided profile, Expressed and Wanted Inclusions and Affections equal 7 each, which is a high score. It implies that a person examined prefers to be engaged in most of activities with his friends or colleagues. He also likes to be noticed and be an object of admiration. Such an individual freely express their emotions and feelings, expecting others to act the same so that they can build a close relationship of any type. This person is supportive, highly social, active, and likes to interact with people. Expressed control equals 1 that is low, which wanted one is 9 that is high. It implies that this individual is not capable of influencing others, managing groups of people of any size, organizing and directing, and taking responsibility. On the other side, he is comfortable with well-defined situations when the instructions and expectations are clear. Such persons like to be a part of an organization with a rigid structure. Therefore, total Expressed is medium, total wanted is high, total inclusion is high, total control is medium, and total affection is high. Overall equals 38 that is medium-high and implies that involvement in activities is normal for this individual. Working with a group of people under clear instructions and having a number of friends are also indicators of such a person. However, his abilities to take responsibility for others and manage are weak. Discussion of the Developmental Plans With respect to the developmental plans for the individual with the discussed results, the sequence of recommendations can be outlined. The detected weakness that seems imbalanced in the results is the tendency to rely on others and avoid taking any responsibility. It is necessary to set clear but difficult goals that would force one to try to behave in the way that an individual has never attempted to improve himself. For instance, it might be an aim to become a president of the school or a chief of a sector in the workplace. Then, goals shall be prioritized and broken into smaller and achievable ones. Deadlines shall be set, and recognition of threats and opportunities made. Finally, there is a process of constant development of a self through an action plan, using the support of a social network, and measuring the
Introduction The title of the case is South African Police Service v Solidarity obo Barnard. South African Police Service is the applicant; Solidarity on behalf of Captain Renate M. Barnard is a respondent; Police and Prisons Civil Rights Union is a friend of the court (amicus curiae). The case was decided by the Constitutional Court of South Africa on 2 September 2014. The issues under consideration are equality and racial discrimination in the workplace. The primary concern is that the South African Police Service decided not to promote Ms. Barnard on the ground of her race. Legal acts violated are section 9(3) of the Constitution encouraging equality and prohibiting unfair discriminatory actions and section 6(1) of the Employment Equity Act as well forbidding unfair discrimination in the process of employment and during work. The major question is the following: was the National Commissioner’s decision not to promote a white woman, Ms. Barnard, a manifestation of unfair discrimination in employment? Facts Ms. Barnard is a member of Solidarity, a registered trade union, which represented her in litigation. She wanted to fill the promotion position of the superintendent advertised by the National Inspectorate aimed at improving the quality of delivering services of the Police Service to the public. The occupation was advertised in September 2005. In November, interviews of the applicants took place. They were interviewed by the board of six senior police officers. The board was racially diverse to avoid prejudice and discrimination. Ms. Barnard was recommended as the number one applicant to fill the position of the superintendent because she earned the highest score among those interviewed – 86.67%. Regardless of it, she was not appointed. The justification for this decision was that the black men and women were underrepresented in the relating division and that the division should not be overcrowded with women at the offered level of salary. For this reason, it would be better to appoint one of the other applicants with the best results (they were White men) not to exacerbate the problem of racial homogeneity in the division. The position was filled with a white man. Six months later, in May 2006, a similar vacancy was advertised. Ms. Barnard applied again and once more was shortlisted to be interviewed in June 2006. This time, she was shortlisted with seven other applicants: four African men; one African woman; one Colored man, and one White man ( South African Police Service v Solidarity obo Barnard, 2014). The board of interviewers