ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Leadership is a fundamental aspect that determines the success of both developing and developed companies. In this regard, it determines the cohesiveness, commitment, and the incentive of employees in the organization. Although leadership is needed in both old and young companies, the young companies require more superintendence than the old ones. In this case, startup companies do not have well established organizational structure that could enhance effective execution of roles. Most importantly, the young organizations lack coordination in the internal structure implying that they need much dedicated leadership. In addition, the leaders of these organizations do not have the experience to coordinate the internal and external environments of the organization. This implies that those leaders must assess their leadership skills, improve them, and apply when executing their roles. Therefore, this paper will describe the requirements of good leadership, assess the good aspects of personal leadership, and illustrate a plan for developing leadership skills in line with the assessment. Attributes of Good Leadership Creating a Vision The most fundamental requirement of good leaders is the power to create a vision for the companies. This requirement is based on the premises that an organization is formed on the basis of a vision. The vision comprises common objectives of the company which define what all stakeholders should attain. Additionally, all roles of various stakeholders are based on a common objective of the company. In fact, this objective is regarded as a real factor of motivation because all employees aim at attaining that objective. This shows evidently that the vision defining the organizational objective is a core factor that determines the progress and success of the company. The existence of this vision is even more important to a startup company whose structure is weak and coordinated. A good leader should have the capability to formulate, share, and help the stakeholders to implement the vision. He should be capable of creating the urgency of achieving the vision among stakeholders. This implies that the leader must elaborate the aspects of organizational aims, objectives, and vision to a substantially high degree of convincing clarity. In essence, the leader is also mandated to create a way of achieving the vision
Introduction From the Feltner collection, I was drawn to the section at the end of the museum, which only hosted works about the Civil War. After going through all the pieces, I settled on the one titled After the Snow for this analytical review. The painting is set in the Winchester, in War period of the 1860s, and it appropriately fits in the Civil War interest of the Feltner family. About the artist Mort Künstler is well known as a historical artist in the USA, whose main inspiration came from the American Civil War (“Mort Künstler: America’s artist” par. 1). He was born in 1931 and he attended the Brooklyn College, Pratt Institute and the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), graduating in 1953. His first job after college was in the print industry, where he provided illustrations for books and magazines (“Mort Künstler: America’s artist” par. 2). He also created posters for films like The Poseidon Adventure and The Taking of Pelham One Two Three . In the 1970s Künstler switched focus to painting, with his initial works touching on American history, starting with life in prehistoric America to the odyssey of the space shuttle. This work attracted the interest of serious collectors, which gave him the motivation to continue painting. In the 1980s, he started working on paintings from the American Civil War, with most of his works being done in the Oil on Canvas technique. The painting After the Snow was created in 1998, with 2750 limited edition prints released (“Mort Künstler: America’s artist” par. 5). Description of the painting For the purpose of providing a comprehensive description of the painting, two elements of composition and two of art will be explained in regards to their relation
Introduction Tort refers to an infringement on a person’s right especially for an individual who is under a contract. This result to legal liability for the person who breaches the contractual terms (Bermingham, & Brennan, 2012).Here, the person refers to a natural person or artificial person, which can be a legal business entity such as companies and other bodies. The Coca-Cola Company is incorporated in the United States and has a large network of manufacturing subsidiaries across the globe. The company operates in the beverage industry and deals with the manufacture of non-alcoholic drinks. Its main product brands are Coke, Fanta, Sprite, dietary Coke, sports drinks, and a wide range of soft drinks (Coca-Cola, 2012). Since the company operates in different countries through subsidiaries, it has to sign contractual agreements with these companies regarding patent, trademark, and copyright issues. The common tort liability that can arise in the Coca-Cola Company is product liability. There are various legal principles that can apply to products. These include payment of damages and other legal remedies. Intentional tort and unintentional tort Intentional tort is committed when a person commit an act that infringes the rights of another person or persons. On the other hand, unintentional tort arises due to either negligence or recklessness of one party in a contractual obligation (Best & Barnes, 2007).Unintentional tort arises when a person (tortfeasor) fails to exercise his duties in a contractual agreement thereby causing injury to another party or parties covered by the contract. Alternatively, unintentional tort arises when one party’s recklessness causes injury to other people that are part of the contract. Negligence can affect business in a number of ways. For instance, a business that deals with renting out property to clients and fails to give notice that the property requires renovation will be liable to pay damages to individuals who suffer damages due to the collapse of the property. On the other hand, intention tort differs significantly from unintentional tort. Intentional tort refers to deliberate acts that one party does to hurt or injure another party. Mostly, intentional tort is of a civil nature (Best & Barnes, 2007). The tortfeasor know that their acts can cause damage to one party, but they go ahead and commit the acts. The most common forms of intentional are libel, battery, assault, trespass, false imprisonment, and intentional emotional distress. An example of intentional tort that might affect the business is trespass. This refers to the intentional use of private property that the company did not originally acquire from the landlord. In this case, the business has to pay damages for trespass into private property. The most common tort liability for Coc
Introduction Corporatism was a remarkable feature of sport in the 1960s-1970s. At the heart of ‘old’ corporatist, arrangements were the licensed professions. Provided they undertake to discipline their own miscreants and meet certain public needs for the provision of a service, the professions have been free to, or in many cases have been given statutory authority to, organize their recruitment, training, fees, and practices. Contrast the USA, where, though once more state-regulated than in Australia, they nowadays barely escape subordination to market forces. Contrast France or Japan, where the state has always kept a tight rein on recruitment and training. Professional regulation has always been concerned with the relation between domestic service producers and domestic service consumers. It has had nothing to do with attempts to mobilize the economy for international competition. When, more recently, the professions have been called upon to participate in this latter task, there have been great difficulties. Main body In 1960 sport in Australia stood at the crossroads. To go forward to a new era with new structures and increasing public finance, or stand off and continue to walk the same road of those who gave sport to the world, reflected in the true amateur ethos that forms the very basis of fairplay and enjoyment through activity-this was the essence of the question. Once again sport was faced with the social context in which it was practiced and it was on this basis that the next steps were taken. Most football clubs have had (1) a fairly well-developed ability to recognize collective goods which cannot be achieved by private action; but (2) a tendency to mistrust the central state which manifests itself in: ( a ) a preference for local control when those public goods can only be achieved by public power (for example, policing or much of education); ( b ) a preference for non-state action as a means of achieving public goods wherever possible. This was political soil in which corporatist arrangements of a certain kind could flourish extensively; but which would not nourish arrangements of another kind. Able to flourish were passive, unambitious means of regulating affairs so that conventionally, often implicitly, recognized public interests would be served and protected from market forces by cozy, often essentially medieval practices, offering sometimes obscure forms of self-discipline. Important to such a procedure was the ‘gentlemanly’ code of public affairs, resting on implicit understandings and trust among a social life linked by networks of family, friendship, and club. Indeed, there may often be room for doubt as to exactly how ‘public’ the public interests ostensibly served by such practices really were, but the claim was often made. To t
Performance-based budgeting is the bottom line to obtaining the necessitated improvements. It can be used to unequivocally form the correlations betwixt funding and outcomes to administer programs more successfully. Moreover, performance budget use avowal of goals, objectives and missions to clarify the final destination of money, or minimally where money is being spent. Many countries around the globe have adopted PPB in their financial reforms. Among those countries is United Arab Emirates (UAE). The force of adopting the performance-based budget in UAE is overwhelming since 2003. The Ministry of Finance and Industry, UAE Government and Public have contributed to these forces. As result, this paper will explorer this forces of adaptation. In 2004, the Ministry of Finance and Industry alleged during the “Fiscal Reforms in the Arab and Near East Countries” conference that it is in progress of implementing the PBB in its financial system. The aim of PBB in UAE was to execute effective budget, revamp the management of public expenditure and issues in designing the budget. H.E. Khalid Ali Al Bustani who is undersecretary in Ministry of Finance and Industry, said that the Ministry of Finance and Industry is fully committed in implementing certain programs to enhance day-to-day activities across all ministries and government bodies. UAE Government commitment in reforms implementation can be considered as a full gear in adopting the PBB, when compared to other governments, which are begrudgingly in barricading such vital reforms. Al Bustani added that the Ministry of Finance and Industry has initiated various methods, which will assist in implementation of these reforms, such as giving training to government officials, initiating the total quality management and monitoring. The Finance Ministry was ordered to evaluate the programme and performance budget from previous fiscal year, so that it can help to make the PBB feasible. The UAE Government has provided superior advisory services to forty federal ministries and independent agencies (more than 800 staffs of Federal Government). Consequently, a standardized medium-term structure to cost budgets within the Federal Government has been formed and there are various goings-on that have been restructured within agendas and subprograms in order to facilitate monitoring, coasting and precedenc
Afghanistan: Image from an Era of Peace The Afghan image presentation event was held on Sunday 30th September in the Wigand gallery. The event was organized to help the students understand the way of life of the Afghan people and other foreign cultures. The vivid language accompanied by the pictures that the guests used enlightened us a lot about the cultures. The comparisons used were also well thought and helped illustrate the points. I gained a lot of knowledge of different world cultures. Through the event, I was able to identify the changes that I would be expected to make when I moved to the context of a new culture (“Community Hallmark” n.d). For example, I learned that ladies were not expected to wear short dresses in the Middle East. I also learned that I could pursue a degree in foreign countries that had campuses affiliated with my university. It is also possible to get internships and scholarships. This was vital because it was the main aim the university had organized for the event. At the end of the event, I learned that I prev
The creative ability of a human being is a powerful mechanism shaping the universe. A person molding the world unavoidably creates the general pattern, the way in which every piece of existence is made and later perceived. This pattern is called “design.” As soon as this model is coined, the cognizing subject turns into an object of creative activity initiated by a new design. The human and design get interwoven in the relationship of mutual interdependence, interrelation, and mutual interaction. Design is “the state of our species” (Foucault, 2002). In other words, it is a pattern according to which everything in the world is organized, including the world itself. There are a lot of influential powers in the universe, but the cognitive and creative powers are the most influential ones. The author states that the human is impacting design in every way imaginable. At the same time, the design is influencing humanity. It is hard to imagine that humanity can be a passive object of influence. Humanity always answers the influence. That is why the relationship between the human and the design is a state of mutual impact. Human culture has been producing patterns (designs, in other words) since prehistoric times. That is why archeology is a study of patterns in itself. According to the researchers, the human spreads the design ideas every ware. It is hard to imagine a sphere of the natural world free of the disastrous influence of technical, agricultural, social, and industrial activity. Unfortunately, humankind is often establishing potentially destructive designs that are capable of ruining the world. The way in which human society is affecting nature is a distinguished pattern. The most substantial pattern of behavior characteristic of a human being is urbanization. Living in big cities is an example of creating a design (of the city) and being influenced by numerous designs and samples at the same time. The natural world and the whole planet have been massively transformed by human activity. The influence of the design touches both bodies and brains. The universal design has turned into the world in itself, and like every world, it has some layers that are influencing the humans physically, cognitively, and emotionally. An average person experiences numerous layers of design every day. The design turns into th
The conflict between Sunni and Shia has lasted much longer than predicted, mostly owing to the fact that besides certain ideological and religious differences, these two groups have been struggling for political influence (Gonzalez 26). Thus, it is highly important for them to choose an appropriate negotiation strategy that would allow not only resolving the conflict but also achieving maximum benefit for their groups. This is particularly challenging in the case of Sunni since power is monopolized by a few representatives of the Shia elite (Mansour). Thus, their primary concern in such negotiations is to promote their vision on how the country should be governed without exacerbating hostility existing between the parties. One of the key factors that should be resolved before commencing negotiations is the lack of unanimity in the Sunni block. The problem is that there are currently no unified leaders or consistent identity that would guide the whole group through the existing political challenges. On the one hand, their philosophy, Salafi-Jihadism, suggests that only a legitimate authority (Islamic State) can take leadership in fighting non-Muslim countries with the ultimate goal to purify the Islamic community (York 67). On the other hand, the prevailing majority of group members now remain indifferent to the pursuit of this goal (Mansour). Thus, the preliminary piece of advice for Sunni is to solve their inner controversies and conflicts to be able to present their viewpoint to Shia clearly and concisely. The second step is the actual choice of a negotiation style. There are five possible options, which include  1. competing;  2. collaborating;  3. avoiding;  4. accommodating;  5. compromising (Promsri 38). In order to select the most appropriate one, it is necessary to analyze all of them to make it clear why they suit or do not suit for negotiations with Shia. The competing style is an “I win – you lose” approach. Although the Sunni group pursues its own ideological and political needs, Shia have waited too long for establishing their presence to give up power so easily. This makes the position of Sunni disadvantageous since it would be quite challenging for them to prove their amicable intentions. The conflict has demonstrated that narrow focusing on short-term gains can only aggravate hostility between the groups and pose new economic threats to the country. The competing negotiation style, which was predominant in the Sunni-Shia relationships, made it possible for both groups to obtain the desired results only in a short-term perspective. However, it is strongly recommended to avoid it now that first attempts to reach a long-lasting piece are being made. Moreover, overusing competition will make it easier for Shia to prepare and turn the situation to their benefit since they would know what behavior to expect from their opponents. This will lead to another deadlock instead of improving the situation. Sunni should make it clear for themselves whether their primary goal is to continue the s
One of the things that make human life intriguing and to some extent captivating is the diversity and variation exhibited by various people as a result of their differing cultures, personalities and physical appearance. However, there are areas in life where being different may lead to some form of discrimination and therefore, disguising yourself to fit in with the rest presents the best chance for coexisting harmoniously with other community members. I have at various times in my life been forced to disguise myself so as to fit into a group. In this essay, I shall examine one such instance and articulate the advantages and disadvantages that spring from disguising myself. This will help me identify if a disguise does indeed reveal more than in hides. I have always viewed myself as a fashion conscious person and my taste in clothes and music attests to this. However, I am afraid of revealing my true personality; afraid to appear special by dressing up in a manner that is different from the other girls. I therefore wear the trendiest t-shirt and jeans or slacks and loafers in conformity with what my peers do. If I were to be true to my nature, I would dress up in fashionable dresses and shoes. However, dressing up like this would definitely make me stand out from the crowd hence having me labeled as a snob or even worse, being shunned by my classmates and friends. Therefore, if only for these reasons, I conform to the dress code of my peers. My disguise presents me with a number of advantages. The most significant benefit to me is that I avoid being stigmatized or bullied by my peers. This saves me from the rude remarks that I could be subjected to as a result of being different. As such, my emotional well being is guaranteed as I do not spend time defending who I am or dealing with the verbal insults from my peers. While this conditional acceptance by my friends is not ideal, I appreciate it as I have witnessed the effects that outright rejection by one’s peers can have on a girl. Despite the advantages that my disguise presents, I sometimes feel like a fraud for conforming to the standards of others. Having being brought up in a family where standing up for my beliefs is important, I feel like a failure for not being able do stand up for what I believe in. The effort that I have to put in as I pretend to actually enjoy the dressing code of my friends is also a lot and sometimes not worth the compensation that I receive in the form of my peer’s acceptance and association While my disguise does serve the primary objective of making me appear to fit in with the other girls, I sometimes get the feeling that my peers are not taken in by my pretense. While I can change my clothes, I can never get to change my attitude to the clothes that I am forced to wear. As such I end up despising the clothes and I cannot bring myself to show the enthusiasm that my peers have when we go for shopping. This has resulted in my peers viewing me with suspicion as they suspect that this is not who I am. My disguise therefore does