ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The success of handoff communication in the clinical setting determines patients’ safety. Birmingham et al. (2015) conducted a qualitative study to assess the perspective of surgical nurses regarding the processes that inhibit or facilitate the patients’ safety during handoff and intra-shift. According to Birmingham et al. (2015), viable handoff communication is essential in ensuring the safety of patients. In particular, the communication strategies implemented during intra-shift processes influence the effectiveness of handoff procedures (Harris-Hines, 2020). The study established that the capability of outgoing nurses in comprehending information intra-shift is vital in depicting the comprehensive health situation during handoff and enabling a smooth transition. Furthermore, when oncoming nurses understand the conveyed information during handoff, all the practitioners collectively understand each other, minimizing medical errors and facilitating patient safety. Structural handovers determine the patient health outcomes in the clinical health setting. Bukoh et al. (2020) assessed the viability of structured handovers in facilitating the health outcomes of patients inwards. In particular, a standardized and structured nursing handover can facilitate reduced mortality rates, minimized stay durations in hospitals, suppressed patient fall rates, and efficient emergency responses (Bukoh et al., 2020). Furthermore, Bukoh et al. (2020) assessed various electronic databases such as Scopus, Excerpta Medica dataBase (EMBASE), Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) to review the efficacy of structured handover procedures. The study outcomes ascertained that the present structured handover frameworks are essential in mitigating hard handovers, for instance, documentation challenges, information inaccuracy, and data omission. Further, Funk et al. (2016) evaluated the significance of structured handover in clinical care units through surveys of pre-quality and post-quality improvement approaches. The study affirmed that a structured handover worksheet facilitates satisfaction in healthcare providers and improves communication of information contained in the handover. Various tools have been developed to improve the efficacy of bedside handoff. Furthermore, Campbell and Dontje (2019) carried out a study to design, enact, and assess bedside handoff’s effect on nursing shift change in medical facilities’ emergency rooms. Since the health outcomes in emergency departments can be adversely affected by medical errors entailed in unplanned handoff procedures, the study aimed at developing a practice-improving project (Campbell & Dontje, 2019). To achieve this purpose, the researchers developed the situation, background, assessment, and recommendation (SBAR) tool utilized in communication during nurse handoffs. The research established that SBAR bedside report is essential to utilize since it reduces missing patient data to a larger extent compared to pre-intervention practices. Besides, some recent studies
“You are not making a gift of what is yours to the poor man, but you are giving him back what is his. You have been appropriating things that are meant to be for the common use of everyone. The earth belongs to everyone, not to the rich.” – St. Ambrose The best way of interpreting the quote is to consider present day society as it is and society as it is supposed to be as advocated for by Jesus and various church teachings. Modern day society is heavily influenced by capitalism wherein the accumulation of material gain is considered as the “goal” that everyone should aspire to. As a result, people have become materialistic, focus on the accumulation of wealth, and eschew brotherhood in favor of personal superiority over our fellow man. However, this state of affairs is not considered as being abhorrent, nor is it considered as socially damaging. In fact, people are actively encouraged to pursue such a lifestyle since it is the “price of modernity”. The teachings of Jesus focus on an entirely different set of principles wherein brotherhood and charity to one’s fellow man is what people should aspire to. The world around us, based on the teachings of Jesus and the Old Testament writings, has a form of “universal ownership” wherein everything is meant to be shared and distributed equally based on need. Possessions, material or financial gain and even the elevation of the self are thought of as secondary objectives and are even at times considered as “damaging to the spirit” and against the gift of creation that God has given to all of humanity. Thus, the statement “you are not making a gift of what is yours to the poor man, but you are giving him back what is his” refers to the fact that our present day attitudes regarding material gain for the self is merely denying others what should have been theirs from the start. By accumulating more than what you need, by focusing on the self instead of on others, you promote the denial of opportunity and of Earth’s shared resources and thus contribute towards the creation of an intentionally unjust and unequal society. “You give bread to a hungry person; but it would be better were no one hungry, and you could give it to no one. You clothe the naked person. Would that all were clothed and this necessity did not exist.” – St. Augustine The meaning of this quote focuses on present day charitable donations and how they would not be necessary in the first place if society were changed to facilitate a better form of distributing wealth and resources. In a sense, this quote criticizes the wealthy by implying that despite their charitable actions, they contribute towards people lacking resources by hoarding it for themselves. This actually has some level of precedence in modern day society wherein recent studies showed that 74 of the richest people in the world controlled 50% of all moneta
History of the Organization Steered by Juliette Gordon Low, The Girl Scouts is an organization that started on 12 March 2012 with the sole agenda of lobbying girls from Georgia and Savannah to form a local girl scout. The reason for her initiative to bring girls together was her hope to see that girls got the necessary assistance for them to develop holistically in terms of their mental, physical, and spiritual capabilities. After a few years, the organization began to agitate for the rights of the girls. Since then, the membership has been growing at a rapid rate. For instance, currently, there are 3.2 million girl scouts. 890000 of them are adults who are working as volunteers while the remaining 2.3 million are girls (The Girl Scouts, 2012). The organization has changed over the years. Different CEOs have steered the organization and hence the changes. Various programs geared at uplifting girls have been initiated. Other changes have been experienced in the number of girls joining the organization as members. The current mission of The Girl Scouts is “Girl Scouting builds girls of courage, confidence and character, who make the world a better place” (The Girl Scouts, 2012). This mission statement inspires and mobilizes girls from America to join hands in a bid to promote sisterhood. Girls should have confidence and courage to take the mantle of leading the country into prosperity. The mission statement of the organization has changed over the years. The quoted one is the ninth mission statement since the organization was formed. Current Organizational Structure, Culture, and Human Resource Every organization has its organizational structure that helps or provides the criteria of delegating duties to ensure that its goals and objectives are met. The organizational structure of The Girl Scouts is hierarchical. At the helm of the organization is the Chief Executive Officer known as Anna Aria and Connie Lindsey, the chairperson (The Girl Scouts, 2012). Under the chair is the middle level management that is followed by employees and volunteers. The senior management team or leadership team plays a role of planning, developing, and executing various initiatives and resources to ensure that diverse group of girls, employees, and volunteers benefit across the world. The organization has its headquarters at New York, and has around 112 regional offices located in the councils to provide services to girls in these areas. The employees of the organization are approximately 9,500. They are spread across the country to provide services to the girls. M
Polymers are substances that consist of repeating units of carbon and hydrogen. Some polymers that occur naturally may include proteins, latex and even cellulose. These materials are commonly referred to as plastics. Some of the polymers are synthetic and are produced from industrial processes. Polymerization refers to the degree in which repeating components form one outstanding unit. High strength polymers are those that have high level of polymerization, whereas those with one type of repeating units are homopolymers. Those with several and different repeating units are co-polymers. The mode of classification that is in use for classifying polymers is the method used in their formation. There are two types of polymers which include additional polymers and condensation polymers. Additional polymers are formed from the combination of many monomers while condensation polymers where the combination of monomers leads to the loss of a water molecule. The vital elements that form the polymers are carbon and hydrogen, although sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen may also be included. Natural polymer is believed to have originated from South Africa from the trees called Heave and Castile. Its origin dates back from 1735 when natural rubber was first described by French geographic expedition to South Africa. One of the first pioneers in the application of polymers was Joseph Priestley who in 1770 made a remarkable discovery that led to the use of natural rubber as an eraser. Then in 1909, this synthetic rubber was introduced publicly. 1922 German chemist Hermann Staudinger came up with his macromolecular hypothesis, giving a suggestion that the polymers are actually large molecules formed by the permanent joining of uncountable tiny molecules. Through his experiments, he proved this hypothesis to be true and earned himself a Nobel Prize in 1953. There are a number of ways in which polymers are used. Such ways include: In agriculture and agribusiness, polymers can be used to promote plant growth. They can also be used to improve aeration in soil. (Emsley,5). In medicine, polymers are used to replace heart valves. These polymers include Teflon and Dacron. Polymers can act as a substitute for natural cotton. In industrial market, they can be used to make pipes, matrix for composites, insulation or even windshields in fighter planes. They are also used to r
The 9/11 terrorist attacks triggered the dramatic escalation of severe and destructive attacks in the country. Although America has intensified its defense, the rise of domestic terrorism is proving to be an urgent public policy issue. Hate and extremist groups are the leading perpetrators of numerous domestic attacks experienced in America within the last decade. America has seen the occurrence of multiple mass shootings such as the Pulse Night Club in Florida, Sandy Hook Elementary School in Connecticut, and the Route 91 Festival in Nevada that revived the debate about gun control. However, the recent attacks experienced during and after the presidential elections renewed the debate about domestic terrorism (Jones et al., 2020). The worst part was the attack experienced at the U.S Capitol by groups of far-right militia waving Confederacy flags and wearing clothes with Neo-Nazi symbols. The hate and extremist groups issue threat is increasingly becoming one of the leading security menaces to America. Dealing with internal terror requires measures instigated by the change in public policy measures. The institutional theory influences the process towards the enactment of a policy to prevent domestic terror. The Constitution guarantees security for all citizens, and American law enforcement agencies and personnel have been at the forefront dealing with terror groups. The Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), which is dedicated to fighting and ending terrorism in America, warned the citizens about the rise of domestic terrorism, especially the white supremacy groups (Jones et al., 2020). Such information indicates that America is experiencing a new and lethal threat owing to the fact that the perpetrators are among the citizens and even the most trust
Introduction Plausible policies are important in advancing the economy of any given country. This paper examines the variables that affect social and economic aspects of the United States. By so doing, this paper brings out the salient issues that determine policy formulation. Additionally, the paper brings out the critical importance of the economic and foreign policies adopted by a country. The Obama administration has shown tremendous grasp on policy strategies tailored towards improving international relationships. I personally agree with the application of the Obama administration’s foreign policies. Moreover, I agree, even though not wholesale, with the kind of economic policies being implemented by the same administration. For example, in ameliorating socio-economic gap, among different classes, which has grown because of recent global recession, the government is doing well but I wish it could do more. I appreciate that the Obama administration has many critics and selfish interests drive majority in their critic. Overall, I believe that Obama is doing a good job especially with the current financial crisis. Obama has shown a clear understanding of major global issues demonstrating a genuine sense of strategic direction. An understanding of what measures the United States ought to be undertaking in social and environmental dilemmas confronting humanity as a whole. Obama has been rightly criticized at his pace on implementation of his very well articulate policies including those on the economy and foreign affairs. Concerning recent global financial crisis the correlation between what has taken effect in the period he has been the president and the rhetoric shows the need to speed up transforming that into action. I believe Obama as the executive to needs to show serious commitment to ensure their effective implementation. The economic Policy The economic policy by the Obama administration is noble on paper and only workable if there is practical commitment on its implementation. According to the Economist, Obama and his administration are more enshrined on rhetoric than in its implementation. The attack on this policy is not based on using federal money to keep teachers in their jobs, to saving the domestic auto industry, to investing in job creating for the many unemployed youth. Rather, it is based on the moral values and lack of accountability especially to put to account people and institutions responsible for the 2008 financial collapse. Policy makers presume that their constituents benefit
The modern world is teeming with technology to the point that detailed exploration of space bodies, electric machines, supersonic rockets, and everyday electronic devices no longer seem like something fantastic. In the pursuit of scientific progress, humanity has turned its gaze to the sky, forgetting what remains out of sight. The truth is that with every milliliter of seawater, all aquatic creatures and humans are gradually being poisoned by plastic waste. In the post-industrial era, plastic production has become so plentiful that its surplus production cannot be recycled everywhere and is therefore dumped by the tons into the marine strata. This paper will repeatedly affirm that plastic littering of aquatic ecosystems is a critical mistake of humanity, as it entails severe problems for the entire biosphere. The purpose of this essay is to present science-based facts in support of the author’s words to convince the reader of the criticality of the ecological problem. The best strategy for studying the problem of plastic pollution is to be familiar with the source of the phenomenon in general. Plastic waste is an integral part of companies’ production processes, and therefore it would be pointless to expect total elimination of waste. It is in the interest of manufacturers to reduce raw materials so that it raises the overall operational efficiency, but it is also in the interest of the manufacturer to create a corporate image of a nature-conscious production. This is why the green business industry has grown so enormously in recent years, encouraging manufacturers to be resource-efficient and environmentally responsible. As a result, today’s companies are looking for a way to effectively recycle plastic waste in a way that meets the social demands of ecological commun
Organizational culture can be defined as a discipline under organizational behavior and management studies which describes attempts to critically take a look at how psychology, attitudes, experiences, beliefs and values within people exist in the same organization as employees influences their day to day duties and output (Watson, 2006 p.26). There are various groups and individuals who interact daily within an organization and organizational culture plays a very huge part towards ensuring the way this organizations handle certain situations. Strong organizational cultures are often described as very useful they are aligned towards organizations values making it quite easy for an organization to achieve its strategic targets. Conversely a weak organizational culture is somehow considered to be detached because it is not properly aligned with organizational values and managers may often be forced to coerce individuals into doing what is considered necessary for the organization to achieve its strategic intentions. Managers often act as the head of strategy in an organization and it is often their duty to inspire and lead individuals in order for the overall objectives of the organization to be realized. When managers realize that individuals/employees of the organization operate in a manner that is injurious to the organization they may often be forced to initiate change of behavior so that they can ensure that employees operate and behave in such a way that the their psychology, attitudes, experiences, beliefs and values are streamlined within the corporate goals of the company (Watson, 2006 p.68). For example, an organization like Google is known to be an organization with a very strong corporate culture which demands that employees give their best to their company through innovation, this culture has enabled Google to be able to recruit the best minds from the labor market and place them into groups which have enabled the management be able to work with them and closely monitor their contribution towards Google’s strategic ambitions. (Burrell & Morgan, 1979) The good culture of Google has enabled employees embrace diversity within the corporate workspace, secondly the culture has allowed for employees to operate enthusiasm while carrying out project, through developing strong coordination and communication frameworks within the organization. These features have enabled the organizational remain active among the highest performing organizations within the internet business expanding their product portfolio at a fast rate. Just by looking at Google’s business model and how their corporate culture has played a big role towards ensuring commercial success, managers have understood that organizational culture plays a very big role towards ensuring the level of output and quality of work within and organization (Watson, 2006 ) A strong organizational culture is one which automatically and positively shapes the behavior of employees and ensures that every effort made by employees is made with the intention of maximizing output and increasing competitive position of the organization. Thus managers
Systems analysis has a broad definition depending on where it is being applied. Systems are found nearly in all fields of study. Interacting entities are usually studied in systems analysis with the most widely and commonly known is the system analysis in computer and computing technology (Bentley, 2005). A course of action that is relatively better when making decisions demands the use of a well guided systems analysis. It can also be defined as the procedure which entails breaking down into smaller ones for purposes of understanding and expedited execution. The whole part of a component can be the system in this case. Systems analysis in business language can be defined as a systematic inquiry conducted to assist someone or organization in identifying the best approach towards solving a problem which they ought not to have made on their individual capacity. It also involves specific way of performing a task and shedding more light through a systematic approach in a study of interacting entities. Several elements are studied to bring overall analysis of the whole subject. Systems analysis is used in most all fields where activities involved in developing new ideas are involved. Through this analysis, the effective and efficiency of a system can be realized which can then assist in strategizing and making desired changes to meet the expected results (Bentley, 2005). Just like the case of doctors, they analyze the body systems of their patients before initiating the course of action and the treatments to establish. System analysis has become a common practice in everyday life among the specialist in establishing the course of action. For effective system analysis, certain systematic procedure must be followed to shed more light on the problem to be addressed as discussed below. Systems analyst initiate research works in addressing issues to equip them with proper knowledge about the problem to be addressed. Conducting a research during systems analysis is important for the analysts will have more information concerning the issue to be tackled and this will help in designing ways to respond to it (Bentley, 2005). Research will involve the collection of information on how the current system works which will be used in designing appropriate measure and steps to be taken.