ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction This assignment is going to review the study titled “Social Attitudes Regarding Same-Sex Marriage and LGBT Health Disparities: Results from a National Probability Sample” by Hatzenbuehler et al. (2017). This paper’s purpose is to identify whether the article under consideration has drawn sufficient attention to all the steps in conducting a research project. The review will comment on the literature review, research question, quantitative methodology, data collection procedures, data analysis, findings, ethical considerations, and limitations. Does the Study’s Literature Review Meet the Requirements? The literature review is the first section that comes after the study’s abstract though it does not have an appropriate heading. It offers a conceptualization of the article’s variables, including individual forms of stigma, structural stigma, and state-level policies. Furthermore, the literature review provides scientific evidence to justify why the study focuses on the relationship between social attitudes regarding same-sex marriages and smoking and self-rated health among LGBT individuals. The article relies on professional and credible sources that refer to journal articles (Strutz et al., 2015; Rostosky et al., 2010) and books (Institute of Medicine, 2011). A legal case ( Obergefell v. Hodges ) was even used to demonstrate that the Supreme Court considers the issue and allows same-sex individuals to marry. The majority of the reference used in the study by Hatzenbuehler et al. (2017) was written in a 10-year time frame between 2008 and 2017. It means that the researchers relied on timely and credible evidence. Then, it is reasonable to consider what requirements the literature review should meet. Yegidis et al. (2018) explain that this section is typically used before data collection in quantitative studies to learn more about the research problem. Professional journal articles and books are among the most requested and valuable sources (Yegidis et al., 2018). This information demonstrates that Hatzenbuehler et al. (2017) invested sufficient energy to create a suitable literature review. On the one hand, this section contains credible and reliable data, and the quality of sources used proves this claim. On the other hand, the authors managed to use this research part in accordance with the selected methodology. It is so because the literature review is considered a basis for a future quantitative project. Does the Article Have Explicitly Stated Research Question? Even though the article does not offer a research question in an interrogative form, it conveys this information in a statement. It refers to inv
Introduction In this report, I reflect upon small group experiences on Mt. Everest’s critical event. The small group is made up of four members. The report will follow Christopher Johns’ model. This is a guided structure for personal reflection aimed at uncovering useful information for use by small teams for improved team outcomes. It covers four critical cue issues. They are a concise description of the team experience, a reflection of the experience and influencing for the outcomes, and learned lessons from the experience (John 2004). The group member team is mandated with the responsibility of developing a report based on the question “How to Take the Group to the Peak of Mt Everest Successfully.” Our team is made up of members gifted with different abilities. The team underwent the experience against the background of a variety of influential factors. Among the most influencing factors included the knowledge the team had on group communication. Moreover, each individual performance affected the overall team performance (Felps, Mitchell and Byington 2006; Belbin 2010a). The team had to also to go through a series of conflicts generated by the complex nature of the experience as well as the member’s personal differences (Finkelstein and Hambrick 1990). Competition amongst group members also hindered the group’s performance. At some point, I noticed that there was a lack of a shared vision amongst group members. Each of the group members did not clearly understand the team as well as individual goals. All these portrayed a lack of cohesiveness in the team (Armstrong 2009). The team had to overcome these challenges by developing a series of alternative actions. Experiences In the attainment of the team’s overall task, the team had to go through a series of trying experiences. Contrary to the expectation the team did not project the task as expected. The team went through a series of challenges. There were a lot of disagreements between members on several issues. When undertaking each group task each member seemed to have a different idea from the rest. Members were also not willing to bend a little and accommodate each other. Furthermore, each of the members did not want to be questioned and held accountable for their actions. Each member also seemed to want to stand out. As such there was a lot of competition between members. Furthermore, every team member did not seem aware of how their individual roles affected the group. Poor knowledge and information management was another bad experience. Members were not willing to talk to each other and when they did they were just passing on instructions. No knowledge or valuable; information was passed from one member to another. this the group was denied the chance to utilize such knowledge. There were also a lot of personality differences that went unrecognized. The team’s inexperience was evident from the word go. Due to the naiveté and the inexperience of the team for such an experience the team did not identify and plan well for th
Contrary to popular opinion that college campuses are the most secure places for young adults, the above scholars established that female students are often exposed to various risks, including sexual victimization (Fisher, Cullen, & Turner, 2000). Victims of college sexual attacks, however, face possible distress, including deep fear and expressive numbing, loss of self-control, and the shattering of their faith and their credence in their capability to make sound decisions regarding the people and the surrounding environment. The price of this possible loss is immeasurable. They further note that they undertook a study following the increasing cases of sexual assault at campus premises. Congress passed a bill in 1990 requiring that all Title IV eligible institutions of higher learning disclose critical crime information to facilitate the formulation of policies and regulations aimed at curbing the vice. In 1992, the law was amended. In 1998, the same law was further amended to provide strict penalties for those caught engaging in crime. However, things did not get better, forcing the state to come up with the Clery Act. The scholars conducted systematic research by employing effective data collection methods and designs. They utilized multiple forms of data to analyze the issue in detail. For instance, the major method was content analysis, which entails the review of materials talking about sexual assault on campuses. Apart from content analysis, the researchers utilized interviews, which were conducted among college administrators. The sample used was also within the recommended size implying that it facilitated validity and reliability. The findings of the study noted that
It is difficult to argue about the importance of technical elements for the impression that a certain movie leaves the audience with. One of the remarkable examples to prove the close connection between the variety of technical methods applied by films directors and the impact that a film produces is Coens’ film “No Country for Old Men” based on Cormac McCarthy’s 2005 novel by the same title. As a result of the exemplary director mastership (the film won the Best Director Oscar in 2007), Coens’ interpretation of McCarthy’s novel renders the depth of the book’s philosophic meaning and does even more in encouraging the audience to think over the concepts of determinism shown in our modern society. The analytical scene from the movie that shows the climax of the film’s plot is a great example of the director’s art. It depicts the events related to Moss’ death and Bell’s coming to the place of his death. Everything in the way the scene is made is remarkable including the art of acting by Tommy Lee Jones who plays the sheriff (his eloquent gestures and facial expression), the shot technology, the lightning, the use of colors, the use of the soundtrack, and the way the scene’s parts work dramatically. Analyzing the cinematography of the analytical scene, it should be stated that it is one of the central methods that helps the film’s directors to have such a strong impact on the audience. In this scene, everything adds to the tragicalness of the film’s plot: the way the camera moves, the angle of shooting, constant and abrupt shifts to different objects shown in the cadre, and even the use of color and light (although the film does not use bright colors and intensive light in general, in this scene the color of blood is shown as scarlet one which aims to make an emphasis on the tragic sadness of the e
Introduction Saudi Arabia is a premier business location in the Middle East. Arabs first inhabited the Arabian Peninsula centuries ago. The communities that settled at the place gave rise to the present counties that form he Middle East including Saudi Arabia. Recorded history indicates that Saudi Arabia at the time of its inhabitation was one of the largest trading centers in the world. Historians say that the Saudi market attracted people from as far as Mesopotamia and Nile River for business. These people congregated in Saudi Arabia to sell commodities mainly agricultural products such as dates, plums, spices, as well as aromatic commodities like myrrh and frankincense (Shoult 45). The history of the country also covers the introduction Islam the main in the year 610 and the formation of the first Saudi state in the eighteenth century. A second state of the Saudi Arabia was set up in 1824 and the capital shifted to Riyadh. In 1932, King Abdulaziz set up the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The King recognized the importance of business to the development of the county. He immediately rolled out programs aimed at building the infrastructure that was crucial for the development of business and transforming the Kingdom to a modern state. The trading center that Saudi Arabia was marked the beginning of business in the Kingdom that has been transformed over time. A long history is linked to doing business in Saudi Arabia. It is important to note that like in the past, most businesses in Saudi Arabia were and are still owned by families through companies that have been in existence for along time. This paper will have a general look at the development of business in Saudi Arabia as well as the transformation of Saudi Arabia as an economic powerhouse in the Middle East. Over time, conducting business in the kingdom has become sophisticated especially with the vibrant oil industry as well as friendly government policies. In 1926, the country set up its first commercial court. This was meant to help in the interpretation of business law and in solving of cases that involved business. However, the influence and use of the courts waned and it was abolished. However, the influence of modern trends and the increasingly complicated business world necessitated the formation of the court again. After its formation 1932, the Saudi government pledged to work with foreign developers to build the infrastructure of the country in order to raise the living standards of the people. The machinery that enabled the development was masterminded by complicated government structures that cautiously observed the ideals of Islamic Law. When comparing business then and now, the collaboration of Saudi government with partners especially foreign com
After the Second World War, there was a long period of tension between the democracies of the Western World and the communists’ countries of Eastern Europe, which is called The Cold War. It was a division between Russia and the United States and its allies, like Britain. The Cold War led many people to suffer great misfortunes. The United States and Russia continually provoked each other through political maneuvering, military conditions, and propaganda. Throughout the Cold War, communist and capitalist nations tried to outdo each other, competing to develop the best technologies and weapons. The war resulted in losses and destruction of property and massive killings. Latin America Latin American nation’s relationship with the United States considerably changed during the Cold War due to the spread of communism and capitalism. Fulgencio Batista, a Cuban dictator, allied with the United States to hinder the spread of communism in Latin America (Week 11). In 1959, the Cuban revolution led by Fidel Castro forced out Batista and his government (Week 11). Castro nationalized American-owned properties and allied himself with the Communists party by signing military and economic agreements with the Soviet Union. After Castro proclaimed to be a communist and became friendly with America’s s Cold War enemy, the Soviet Union, the United States enacted a trade and travel embargo and severe diplomatic and economic ties with Cuba (Week 11). Considering Latin America was no longer beneficial at the end of the Cold
Introduction   * Information technology is a key to remaining competitive;   * Modern interactive tools present various opportunities;   * Modernization of the consulting process;   * Clients value innovation and creativity;   * Presentation will offer four valuable interactive tools. In this modern day and age, it is important to remain competitive. Information technology and interactive tools are some methods which one can improve the online consulting process. The web-based resources and applications presented in this presentation will give the travel agency an opportunity to showcase its creativity and innovation while also connecting with clients through engaging or informational elements during the consultation. It is important realize the full potential and list of features that the interactive tools can offer in regard to creating presentations, gathering information and client feedback, or simply making a sales pitch. Playposit   * Interactive and dynamic video creation software.   * Used by many corporations in creating instructional videos.   * Can be effective and creative as a presentation tool.   * Engages the viewer or client through interaction.   * Provides data analytics for tracking and accountability. Playposit is a multimedia platform which allows to create interactive and dynamic videos. Its accessibility, ease of use, and creative capabilities make it a popular tool among various companies and educational institutions. It can be used for educational or presentational purposes. The final product has a value of being engaging for the viewer and the interactive content allows to surprise or challenge individuals, capturing attention. Furthermore, the platform offers a wide variety of data analytics capabilities for tracking views and interaction, contributing to the use of this tool in business. Features   * Use and modify pre-existing clips online.   * Offer a variety of interactions to the audience.   * Questions of various types to simulate response.   * Inserting other material or links in the video.   * A variety of sharing options among other platforms.   * Easily view results and answers to the questions. This interactive tool offers a great range of features and capabilities. Its primary focus is on modifying videos to add interactive questions or messages. It has seamless integration with popular video platforms such as YouTube as can be seen in the first
It is virtually impossible to name any type of human activity, where the principle of leadership does not play an important role, as the main organizing factor. Therefore, it is crucial for just about anyone who strives to attain social prominence, to understand what prompts people to refer to a particular individual as leader, because this understanding might come in particularly handy in such a person’s career. In this paper we will aim at analyzing leadership qualities of Genghis Khan, as someone who had united Mongolian warring tribes into one nation, who managed to build the vastest empire that world has ever known, and whose personality continues to inspire ambitious individuals even today. Before we move on to analyze Genghis Khan’s style of leadership, we will need to provide readers with a brief retrospective onto his biography. The exact year of Khan’s birth remains unknown, but most historians agree that he was born around 1165 -1167 A.D. to the family of the leader of one of Mongolian tribes’ Yesugei, who named his son Temüjin. By the time Temüjin had reached the age of 10, his father was being poisoned by Tatars, which immediately resulted in Temüjin’s numerous relatives beginning to mistreat him and his mother, while eventually intending to put an end to his life, as Yesugei’s rightful heir. Nevertheless, it is not only that during the course of his formative years young Temüjin was able to survive impossible odds, but he also managed to acquire a fame of a ferocious fighter, who was nevertheless very appreciative of his friends’ loyalty. In its turn, this continued to win Temüjin more and more followers, as time went by. By endlessly participating in skirmishes with neighboring Merkites, Tatars and Naimans, Temüjin’s clan kept on becoming ever-more powerful, which eventually led to Temüjin being proclaimed a Genghis Khan (The Supreme Ruler) in 1206. By this time, Khan’s army accounted for approximately 100.000 strong, which has led Genghis Khan to believe that was in a position to begin conquering neighboring countries. As we all know today, such Khan’s beliefs were being fully substantiated by rational considerations, on his part. After having imposed his authority over Mongols, Genghis Khan created preconditions for Mongolian army to remain undefeatable for the next century to come: 1) He decreed that no man could be exempted from military service, 2) He introduced the principle of specialized functionality in the army and had divided it on highly autonomous units, under supervision of his closest associates, 3) He insured that his only close friends could be appointed as army’s commanders. In its turn, this allowed Genghis Khan to proceed with conquering Northern China, Khwarezmian Empire, Persia, Siberia, Georgia and the Eastern principalities of Kievan Rus with such a quickness that even contemporary historians often have a hard tim
Introduction Civilization is an important aspect that has led to the domination of the West in the years that have passed. According to Ian Morris, human destiny is said to be formed through the use of natural features. Most important is the effort that people put so that they can deal with natural occurrences of the world such as diseases, changes in climate, and failure by the states. History is also said to play a major role in the acceleration of change because social advancement is said to have varied across societies and sometimes remained stagnant for as long as a millennium. Geography led to the creation of societies. Geography has also shaped the division and development of power. Discussion Ian Morris measures social advancement through the use of the social development index. This method used numbers, which were applied in changes that resulted from the agricultural sectors to the revolution of industries. This method is well integrated with civilization because it also brings into corporation the works of Biology, sociology, Geography, and to a large extent Information Technology( Morris, 141). It was important to have a good rainfall and temperatures as well as landscape in the earlier days for agriculture to thrive but with civilization all that changed due to the inventions that were being carried out. Cities grew from villages and some of the facts that were credited to Geography became of less importance which included living near rivers such as the river Nile that enabled irrigation of food crops. We also find that, as civilization continued seas became preferred for rivers due to the convenience of transportation, for example, the Mediterranean Sea fueled change. The social advancement of the West receded between 1200 and 1000 BCE because political changes in the East found a way of transforming Geography into better use. The West was not able to control migration and hence the empires fell into pieces and thus giving the East an advantage because they were able to create an empire that was unified while the West was not in a position to do so. China at that time became more incentive, rich, and very strong. The East was caught up with the West down to 1000 BCE through the use of ships that crossed oceans and also the invention of weapons that had the power to shoot persons located opposite the ocean. These innovations made the West lose their influence, but with time they were able to learn of the modernize what that the East had (Morris, 192). This made them ta
Operations Management Theory Operations management deals with all the operations inside an association like UIC. The organization includes a broad range of acts and involves; excellence manage, logistic, assessment, organization purchases, list control, product design and manufacture manage. Operations organization is defined as the organization scheme or processes that make good and /or provide repair. It implements the policies and tasks wanted to meet an organization customers, workers, and organization. In order for an association to be winning it must focus on the result, depending on the repair provided and the manufactured goods, it can mainly vary. In healthcare, for instance the product is the enduring, making this repair available in the marketplace should be reasonably priced and with high excellence and high principles, this determination wins in excess of patients. Primarily the association is supposed to work towards scheming the armed forces they will provide based on the insist in the group of people. Producing amazing that is by now there or provided by a near hospital is usually not going to create a winning hospital. The objective would be to diagram for a suitable position where the need is there and high excellence care and principles will be achieved (Watson, T (N.D.), 2006). Healthcare operation managers engage in leisure one of the most vital and important roles in the release systems, the criterion for their achievement (or failure) may face evils. The dangerous role of the operation boss has been taken flippantly in its growth. The skills and individuality of health care operation manager are defined. An effectual operations director must follow these distinct functions in all scientific areas. Operations managers bring to medical doctor and all others who bring care the tools essential to deliver that mind. Without persons tools, very little physical condition mind can be deliver. Types of cover Organizations The two most ordinary types of cover companies are: 1. Stock company: – it sells store to stockholders to raise the cash necessary to function the business. Stockholders are not of necessity insured by the corporation, and insure ones’ do not necessarily own store in the company. The corporation is in the business of advertising insurance. Profits credited to the process of the corporation are returned as dividends to the stockholders, not the insured ones. Nothing prohibits stockholders from trade insurance from their own corporation or insured ones from business shares of supply issued by their insurer. However, possession of the company is wholly independent as of any contractual relations the corporation has by means of policyholders as a supplier of cover. 2. Mutual insurance Company: – functions in a different way than a stock corporation. In a mutual corporation, there are no stockholders and the policyholders together are the owners of the corporation. As owners, they can take part in an election to choose by ballot the organization of the corporation. Profits are return to the insured ones in t