ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Online success depends on many factors that contribute towards attracting customers and investors. Three steps are necessary for achievement of success. They include achieving fame, finding investors, and developing astute plans for future. Facebook has attained online success by following the three steps. Its success is attributed to fame, focused and dedicated investors, and prudent plans. Currently, it is one of the most successful online companies. Therefore, achieving fame, finding investors, and planning for future are key aspects of achieving success. Online success does not necessarily require making large amounts of money. However, attaining fame is an important aspect that should be considered. A famous website is considered successful even though it does not generate revenue. Success means that it attracts many visitors seeking information and different services. Success of an online system is evaluated based on number of visitors (Gangemi par3). Few visitors imply that the system is unsuccessful while many visitors imply that the system is successful. Furthermore, generation of revenue depends on number of people that visit a system. Therefore, if a system is famous, many people will use it because they find it helpful, reliable, and effective in providing information and other services. Critics argue that systems that do not generate revenue are unsuccessful because the main objective of starting an online venture is to generate revenue. They further argue that the success of an online venture is determined by revenue generation. However, their argument is flawed and baseless. Reasons for starting an online venture include sensitization of people, advertisement of goods and services, and establishment of a forum for special groups such as drug addicts and alcohol abusers (Gangemi par3). Success of these ventures depends on number of people that use them. In order for an online company to generate revenue, it must have adequate capital (ischool par3). In order for a company to obtain capital, it must search for investors. Investors are financially stable individuals who give money to companies with hope that they will get it back with a certain percentage as interest. Obtaining capital is one of the ways companies use to generate revenue (ischool par5). Critics argue that there are other ways of obtaining capital other than finding investors such as peer-to-peer lending, crowdfunding, microloans, internet-based lending, and business invoice factoring (Harrison par4). However, these capital sources are not as effective as investor funding, which is the fastest method of obtaining adequate capital. A company must have a good plan for future in order to sustain growth, attract investors, and achieve success. A good plan enables a company invest money obtained from investors in prudent ventures that increase revenue. Planning increases efficiency, reduces risks, motivates employees and other stakeholders, makes decision-making processes efficient, and gives the company direction (Harrison par5). Critics argue that a plan is not necessary because onlin
Abstract Ethical issues are at the heart of the counseling process and practice. This paper discusses the issue of ethics with close consideration of professional practice of counseling and therapy. The paper narrows down to the complexity of ethical issues that counselors face in group settings in comparison to individual therapy. It further discusses the issue of leadership and leadership challenges in group therapy. The paper concludes by shedding light on the reason behind preference of group counseling to individual counseling by counselors. Ethical issues in Counseling Ethics can be defined in various ways depending on one’s profession and context. It refers to the code of conduct that is supposed to be followed by a person or a group of persons especially in regards to their duties. Ethics demands the observance of high levels of moral values. According to Hill (2004, p. 131), in counseling, the issue of legal principles is considered depending on the impacts of the counseling case being handled. In addition, Pan et al. (2012, p. 349) add that the cultural norms of the society from which the victim comes are also considered in the process. Freeman et al. (2004, p. 163) also reveal that the codes of conduct in counseling are closely intertwined with the values that counselors have to follow. Ethics guides the counselor and the client on the ‘do’s and don’ts’ that they have to abide by throughout the counseling process. It enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of therapy sessions. In addition, the ethical code of conduct in counseling enables the counselor to gain trust from the client. However, counselors differ in their levels of commitment to the ethical conduct and moral values. In fact, Freeman et al. (2004, p. 163) argue that some counselors underrate the actual intensity of the moral values in counseling. It is not enough to abide by the set standards in the counseling process. However, the beliefs and relationships that one has gained in life should enable him or her to make a sound interpretation of the case. It is therefore important for the counselor to strike a balance in all the cases that he or she handles. According to Crespi (2009, p. 273), it is important for the counselor and learners to learn the legal principles that guide the process of counseling by governing the standards to be observed by the counselor and the client. Moreover, Hill (2004, p. 131) affirms that legal principles also set up the punishments to be followed by the offenders in a counseling case. They also stipulate the consequences of violating the counseling conduct by either the client or the therapist. Legal doc
Introduction Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) analysis is an important tool in profit determination through the application of cost and pricing strategies. It helps management to explore the profit returns for management actions. CVP plays an important role in several other decision-making areas; for instance, it helps in the determination of efficiency in resource allocation for non-profit organizations. Without CVP, companies would be running into losses without the realization of the management; therefore, CVP is a crucial tool in management for it gives a clear picture of how a company is performing. CVP Assumptions In CVP analysis and calculations, there are key assumptions that are employed. Horngren, Foster, and Srikant (1997) present these key assumptions as follows:  1. The price per unit is constant  2. The variable cost is constant  3. The total fixed costs remain constant  4. Only activity changes can affect the costs  5. Where a company sells more that one product, the product means remain the same (p.62). In CVP analysis, there are key calculations that are required for proper CVP determination. The calculations include Contribution Margin (CM), Contribution Margin Ratio (CMR), and The Break-Even Point (BEP). The contribution margin is the amount of income after the fixed costs have been met. Caldwell and Welch (1989) describe CM as the amount of income that the company realizes less the fixed costs (p.7). BEP, on the other hand, refers to the level of sales that equals the total variable and fixed costs incurred; the net income equals Zero. ABC Company’s contribution margin ratio and break-even point Income statement for the recent month Sales (13,500 chips at $20 per unit)  $270,000 Variable expenses                     189,000  Contribution Margin                   81,000   Fixed expenses                        90,000   Net operating loss                    $(9,000)  Contribution margin ratio Break-Even Point Increase in advertisement budget and net operating income If management increases the advertisement budget by $8,000, followed by intensive marketing by the sales staff, this is expected to increase the total sales by $70,000. Ensuing is CVP analysis of the effects of these management actions. If the management increases the advertisement and sales efforts to achieve an increase in sales of $70,000 monthly, the effects shall be net monthly profits of $6,000. Conclusion It is important to note that CVP is an integral tool in management regardless of the nature of business the firm is engaging in. Hanna, Newman, and Sridharan (1993), say that, even though CVP is majorly employed in manufacturing firms, it is also an important tool for other firms (p.200). Weygandt, Kieso, and Kimmel (2005) further emphasize the opinion that CVP can be effective in the banking industry, real estates, and non-profit organizations (69). In the banks, CVP can help in the pricing of bank products and services, while in real estate it would readily provide crucial i
Vital Statistics The Chimera is a bronze statue created in the late 5 th or early 6 th century BC (Davies 120). The height of the bronze is 80 cm and it is now a part of the collection of Museo Archeologico in Florence (Davies 120). There is no information about the author of the piece, but it is known that Benvenito Cellini found and restored it in the Renaissance (Dunstan 16). Firs, the tail was missing and it was thought that it was a depiction of a lion, in spite of a goat’s head growing from its back (Cohen 1). Soon, the tail was discovered and the piece obtained its complete form. The sculpture is seen as a conventional example of Etruscan Art. The Subject Matter of the Piece The Chimera is a depiction of an ancient Greek monster born by the horrible Typhon. The creature has a body and a head of a lion, a goat’s head (growing out of the monster’s back) and a snake for the tail. The monster was defeated by the Greek hero Bellerophon (Gardner & Kleiner 151). This creature was seen as a manifestation of horror and evil. The monster is depicted as if it is about to attack. The heads are all looking in the same direction. The lion is roaring and is about to jump to attack the enemy. Though the Chimera is depicted as a wounded monster with blood springing from the wounds, the creature is ferocious and it is not going to be easily defeated. The hair of the mane is bristling up and every muscle is seen under the skin. The sculpture is believed to be a part of a larger ensemble and it can be a depiction of the fight between the creature and the Greek hero (Cohen 1). Nonetheless, other parts of the ensemble were never found and it is still unclear whether there were other parts. The Chimera as a Manifestation of the principles of Etruscan Art The Etruscans were famous for their sculpture. Sculptors worked with terracotta and bronze. The Chimera is made by casting process which was typical of the Etruscans. Dunstan also emphasizes that the Chimera is an example of the “power of Etruscan metalwork” as the surface of the sculpture is patterned and the muscles are depicted with great precision (16). Notably, bronze is soft material unlike stone. This softness enabled the Etruscans to create remarkable postures and characters in motion. The casting process also helped achieve realistic depiction of details. Importantly, this process was later adopted by Roman sculptors who resorted to casting process as well. However, it is necessary to note that the process of creation is less important than the
Abstract The purpose of this paper is to identify the theoretical and practical implications of the use of Total Quality Management in healthcare. An example of a situation that requires changes is provided, and the framework is employed to provide recommendations. TQM and the Donabedian model are described and applied to the topic, and suggestions are provided. They include patient satisfaction and safety, along with communication and general improvements. In particular, the benefits of critical practice guidelines and the choice of a treatment philosophy are discussed. Overall, the proposed changes should contribute to the performance of the Bright Road Health Care system significantly without incurring prohibitive costs in their implementation. Introduction The urgent care unit of Bright Road, Health Care System, is experiencing difficulties with regard to customer satisfaction. The situation was uncovered during the patient care survey result analysis, and the Chief Executive Officer of the organization wants to improve them. The responsibility lies with the System’s Director of Quality Improvement, who has hired me, a Change and Process Management Consultant. My role consisted of identifying the structure, process, and outcomes of the current urgent care system. Afterward, I would compile and analyze the results to identify issues and provide recommendations. Overall, the system appears to be experiencing problems with medical errors, inefficient information handling, and lack of space, as well as understaffing. Total Quality Management Total Quality Management (TQM) is an approach to improvement that first appeared in manufacturing companies but proved itself suitable for other applications. According to Wickramasinghe (2016), its central idea is the creation of an environment where continuous and efficient development happens. TQM assumes that people are motivated and want to perform at their full capacity. As such, the creation of a productive context would provide them with opportunities to make improvements, which they would take. The paradigm can be applied to most areas of medical treatment, helping advance care, optimize organization, and conduct research. Practitioners can identify issues in their practice, and TQM assists them in the elimination of such concerns. Management Role As with most large-scale initiatives, a source of leadership and orientation is required for the successful implementation of TQM. Wickramasinghe (2016) describes the commitment of senior management as one of the foremost predictors of success for the approach. Lea
Certain health conditions pose a greater risk of readmission than others. Heart failure and mental health patients are more likely to be readmitted than other patients. Readmission is sometimes influenced by disease diagnosis and its severity at the time of admission. To compare the rates of readmission across services fairly, Hermann, ROLLINS, & CHAN (2007) suggested that risk adjusting should be performed to cater for the disparities between the populations that use particular services. Psychiatric patients who return to their homes after discharge are less likely to be readmitted than those who are homeless (those who are discharged to boarding houses); providing these people with permanent housing facilities would reduce their risk of readmission. (Martinez and Burt, 2006). Forchuk et al, (2007) in their study found out that a well-planned discharge plan like those implemented in Canada and Scotland would go a long way in reducing the number of readmissions. Business rules and governance, identifying the purpose of admission and/or readmission, and effective communication between patient and caregiver also play a major role in reducing the readmission rate. To be able to plan a discharge properly, various strategies can be implemented. Individual case multidisciplinary review where social workers particularly were not left out was the first step. Defining the roles and responsibilities of service providers and communicating the expected outcome is another strategy that can help in discharge planning. There is no sufficient literature linking the length of stay to the risk of readmission, but some scholars believe that the longer they stay the higher the chances of readmission and others look at it on the contrary that if the stay is short one is more likely to be readmitted.
Introduction According to the 2012 population estimates, Cook County had a population of 5,194, 675 people. This figure makes it the most populous county in the state of Illinois, which has a population of 12,880,580 (Public Health, 2012). Among the health challenges that the population faces, Diabetes is a major disease in this county. It is indeed one of the major causes of death. To gain a better understanding of health problems that a specific population faces, epidemiological studies offer crucial insights that relate to the health problems. Such insights assist policymakers and stakeholders of population health to establish the correct measures to address the problem. In this paper, the focus is on the evaluation of diabetes in Cook County in the State of Illinois. Background and Significance of the Disease Diabetes can be defined as a chronic and progressive condition, which indicates the lack of or deficiency of insulin or reduced ability of the body to digest insulin (Estrada, Danielson, Drum, & Lipton, 2009). In case of diabetes is not controlled, glucose and fats (lipids), which the body fails to absorb, remain in the bloodstream. These substances not only damage vital body organs but also lead to heart disease, vision loss, stroke, nerve damage, and kidney disease. Diabetes appears in three categories, which include type-1, type-2, and -gestational diabetes. Type-1 diabetes, which is also referred to as insulin reliant, infantile inception diabetes, or immune-mediated diabetes, is responsible for 10% of all diabetes cases in Cook County. In this diabetes category, the immunity system attacks and kills the pancreas’ beta cells that are responsible for producing insulin, which cuts down or eradicates the production of insulin in the body (Saudek et al., 2013). While individuals of any age can suffer from type 1 diabetes, the ailment is common in teenagers and kids. For survival, patients must receive a daily injection of insulin to control their blood sugar (glucose). On the other hand, type-2 diabetes is the most widespread category that is responsible for up to 93% of all instances that are reported in any population. This type of diabetes is also referred to as non-insulin-reliant diabetes or adult-onset diabetes. It is common in people who are above 40 years, although it can also occur earlier. In this diabetes, the main characteristics include insulin confrontation and comparative insulin insufficiency. The last type of diabetes is gestational diabetes , which is also referred to as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). It primarily occurs during pregnancy (Public Health, 2012). It is a transitory condition of heightened blood levels in a mother during late pregnancy. However, i
Introduction This chapter presents the background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study and research questions. It also presents the significance of the study, limitations and conceptual framework of the study. Background of the study An overview of the construction industry In a global context, construction industry constitutes one of the largest sectors of any given economy. Within European Union, construction industry accounts for over 7 percent of the total employment among the industrial employers (European Union 2001). The industry is arguably the largest employer among industrial employers in Europe. In the year 1999, the industry accounted for over 10 percent of European Union’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This phenomenon is not isolated to the European Union. The construction industry constituted over 9 percent of the United States of America’s GDP in the year 2004 (Building Futures Commission (BFC) 2005). BFC estimated the value of construction work within 2004 at over $1 trillion (BFC 2005). The United Arab Emirates (UAE) construction industry is a robust industry that competes favourably with the construction industry in different geographical entities. UAE’s construction industry valued at over $700 billion in 2010, accounts for a fifth of the construction industry in the Arab world (Malty &Dillon 2007; RNCOS 2011; Gulf News 2011).It is also the second largest contributor to UAE’s GDP (Gulf News 2011) Despite the relatively positive outlook on the construction industry, disputes have the potential to derail any gains made in the industry. According to the American Bar Association (ABA) (n.d), litigation expenditure in the US construction industry amounts to over $5 billion annually. This expenditure has been growing at the rate of 10 percent on a yearly basis (ABA n.d). The construction industry in the UAE has also seen an increase in the construction disputes. The growing demand for lawyers versed with construction disputes attests to the increasing construction disputes within UAE (Arabian Business 2011). Causes of disputes within UAE construction industry There are several causes of disputes within UAE’s construction industry. These are classified into three broad categories. The three categories include economic factors, legal factors and the human factors. Economic factors as a cause of disputes within construction industry can be analysed within the context of the wider global economic crisis. Recent economic crisis resulted in cash strapped developers (Haddad 2009). The developers had limited cash liquidity to settle their debts from lenders and to pay their contractors, sub contractors and employees resulting into disputes. Human factors can be understood from the three dimensions; disputes attributed to contractor, disputes attributed to clients and finally disputes attributed to the designer (Motsa 2006). These are construction disputes that can be directly associated with a given party’s failure to accomplish its part of the agreement. Such failure may be for example inadequate des
Introduction Since the early beginnings, the church has sought to remain faithful to the gospel teachings and the traditions set by the early fathers. In response to changing times, the church has always sought to make self-relevant to the needs of the people as per the signs of the times. There have been challenges and crisis in the church. Some crisis have been doctrinal and others social-cultural. However, over time, through relying on tradition, the gospel revelations and tested logic, the church has often promulgated teachings, doctrines and even dogmas aimed at the spiritual good of all among its members. This paper looks into developments in the church of the past, today and the likely developments in the future. The aim of the paper is to understand the self-reflecting church and how it responds to the world. This paper will establish that despite the dichotomy between conformance and reformation, the church has been, is and will remain a vibrant institution through which many are able to find rest in life. This paper first looks into the definition of church and the early development of the church. The aim of looking into the past is to understand how the church dealt with issues that affected it. The second aspect of this paper looks into the traditional church and the challenges it faces in the present. There are myriad challenges and crises in the church today. Consequently, considering the present i.e. the sociopolitical context in which the church of today operates, it is clear that the church needs some renewing. The renewal notwithstanding, conformance to the world and its desires should not be the route of the church. There is something romantic and authentic about the traditional church. As this paper establishes, the future church is likely to rely on compromises between postulates of the traditional and emergent church. General Concerns of the Church Ecclesiology seeks to define the church in all its dimensions. Basically, the church is a body of believers or followers of Christ 1 . However, the church can also be looked at as a corporation i.e. the earthly society, well organized under the different denominational leaders. Over time, people have found a reason to join and find nourishment in the church as a corporation or union of believers. This is because, in the church, the faith mysteries are broken down and shared through liturgical practices. Membership in the church is defined by a number of measures. The basic measure is that one has to prophesy the creed i.e. believe in the teachings of the church 2 . Secondly, once one has accepted the fai