ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The growth of the worldwide population provides a need for sufficient food production for the satisfaction of the nutritional needs of humanity. The topic of this research is based on the issue of human-induced pollution or another environmental impact that affect the Earth and dietary approaches that can improve the situation. More specifically, an article by Carrington points out that that cattle breeding and milk production do not contribute significantly to the nutritional needs of people. However, these industries impact the air, emissions rates, and wildlife. Therefore, the background of the problem that is investigated in this report is the adverse effect that contemporary nutrition habits have on the planet and approaches to improving them through strategies such as vegetarianism. The topic is worth investigating because everyone can experience the impact of pollution and greenhouse emissions, and only a significant change in consumption habits of people will help mitigate this issue. The audience that may benefit from this research is people concerned with environmental issues, both students and other readers will be able to expand their knowledge of the topic and adopt new approaches. The tone of information provision is informer because the research strives to provide an outline of various studies and statistics regarding this problem. This paper aims to provide evidence that human impact on the environment can be reduced by altering food habits and applying plant-based diets. Statement of the Argument The primary argument guiding this research is that individuals can replace foods such as beef, fish, and milk with plant-based meals. This approach is necessary because it ensures that the industries responsible for production do not contaminate the environment with harmful substances. Unarguably, the growth of the overall population on Earth leads to enlargement of the food production properties. However, the approaches that these companies use provide unnecessary damage to the air and atmosphere while providing little nutritional benefit. One way that consumers can affect this situation is by being informed and choosing meals that contain essential fats, proteins, minerals, and other components. One example of the adverse environmental impact that this study examines is the beef industry, which contributes to the greenhouse emotions and pollutes the air through production facilities. Gidon et al. argue that people can receive nutrients, similar to those in this meat from plant-based foods (8164). The question that arises is the necessity for the proposed alterations. This information provides an understanding of the fact that alternatives to the current food habits exist, which result in minor damages to nature. One of the options is sustainable production of vegetables, which does not result in harm to Earth (Carrington). Due to this reason, the argument of this report requires additional exploration. Another example is the footprint of animal breeding that is facilitated by the meat industry and its impact on nature. Carrington states that almost 83% of the farmlands acro
Overview Airline transits have evolved into a preferred mode of transportation by travelers (Doganis, 2001). Airlines provide faster traveling options and safe transfers from one destination to another. In Saudi Arabia, traveling is considered a major activity for Saudis. There are several reasons that can be attributed to the increase in air travel in the country. Several business executives travel to attend company events and dealings. Students are also on the traveling bandwagon, as education becomes a priority in some regions. It is evident that Saudi Arabia has become a major destination for workers from other countries and tourists. Saudi Arabia has a huge labor demand and millions of foreign workers come in and out of the country. On a more important note, Saudi Arabia has emerged as a tourist destination. The country’s rich history and tradition attract several tourists. In addition, Saudi Arabia continues to improve in terms of peace and order. These reasons are sufficient to push the demand for air transportation upward. Company Background The operations of Saudi Airlines started in the mid 1940s. During the firm’s maiden years, the operations are primarily concentrated on domestic flights. The Company gradually expanded the flights to cater to foreign demand. Initially, Saudi Airlines existed as a state-owned firm. In 200, however, the government has decided to open the study for future privatization. The company has been active in improving services by obtaining ISO certification and constantly changing the service provided to customers (Saudi Airlines, 2008). At present, Saudi Airlines has the biggest fleet in the country. The recent modernization activities have introduced new airplanes to the company Saudi Airlines has spend $6 billion to upgrade the fleet by adding 61 new aircraft. Aside from the usual air transportation, Saudi Airlines also caters to individuals and firms that require cargo transportation. The company has a reliable cargo system that ensures commodity transfer without delays and damages. In addition, the company is also involved in catering services. The Hajj In the Muslim world, the Hajj is considered the grandest event. The Hajj is a pilgrimage to Mecca and part of the pillar of Islam. Muslims are required to undergo this process and the event attracts millions of believers worldwide. The event happens during the 8th to 12th day of the Dhu Al-Hijjah, which is the 12th Islamic month (Shariati, 2005). Although the Greg
Introduction India is a diverse nation geographically located in Southern Asia. It was a British colony and earned its independence in 1947. However, even with the independence in 1947, the colonialists did not leave the country until 1950. This is the main reason why the nation considers itself as having become independent in 1950. As a country, India did not originally have any sense of identity (identity in this context meaning clear-cut knowledge of its culture, traditions and way of governance). Instead, it was a diverse country, with different rulers in different regions of the land. It should be noted that all these different regions had their ways of doing things and even had some differences in language, but distantly shared their religious cultures. Thus, it should be understood that Hinduism was part of the earliest India and has been with it even though the era of reformation and the shaping of the Indian cultures and traditions. This had a great influence on the reforms that had set in as earlier as 1800. Thus, this paper seeks an analysis of the reforms that have taken place in India, since 1800. Body As a nation, India’s historical background is very important in explaining the reforms that have taken place within its systems over the years. Many symbols in the country deeply explain its reform journey and one of them is its flag. India’s flag has a “spinning wheel” at its center, symbolic of the Mahatma Gandhi’s approaches and forces against the colonial forces. This, further, is symbolic of its “aggressive” approach towards development, following a long period of economic regression and suppression by the British colonialists. However, even with such great figures as Mahatma Gandhi, India, before the dawn of the 19 th Century that is regarded as the “era” of reforms, had experienced some dynasties that were perceived as “great empires”. One of such dynasties was the Mogul Empire (Robb, 1993). The history of the Mogul Empire is always sought, especially when explaining major events in the development of India. This Empire was founded in the early 1400 and stretched from the Eastern part of India towards the Central region. Closely associated with this great empire was the East India Company which spread its powers over time to the extent that it commanded a majority region in India. As early as the 17 th century, this company had been given the authority and power to collect revenues in the whole country on the behalf of the Emperor of the Mogul Empire. It is interesting to note that the company, established in the province of Bengal, had very negative effects on the economic status of the people of Bengal. Instead of the people (natives) reaping benefits from it, the company sapped the resources they had and left them poor, a move that led to the 1969-1970 famine that “struck” India. The company acted on its own interests, overlooking the needs of the people among which it had been established, but instead sought to satisfy the British rulers from whom it got the powers to spread. Besides, with the rise of Lord Dalhousie to power in the 1840s, the people of India could not with
Introduction Domestic abuse is one of the central challenges faced by the social justice system. Therefore, there is a need for reviewing the most common issues related to it and reacting to the discovered problems by creating laws that would regulate this area of social relations. That is why it is essential to monitor changes in legislation. For this reason, the central objective of the paper at hand is to identify federal and state laws that were adopted as a response to domestic abuse and investigate their influence on the problem under consideration. Identifying a Federal Law One of the central federal laws created to address the problem of domestic violence in the 1994 Violence Against Women Act or simply VAWA. It was adopted in response to ignoring the existence of domestic violence. To prove this statement, it is essential to review the nationwide figures of forcible rate against women. It increased from 36.8 to 41.2% between 1980 and 1990 (Dematteis, 2016). In fact, this law is a landmark pointing to the recognition of the concept of domestic violence at the legal level and acknowledging that it is a key problem of the society (Agtuca, 2014). The main purpose of this law is to protect women against violent crimes and set the foundation for creating state laws for coping with this problem. The law was reauthorized in 2000, 2005, and 2013 that points that it is constantly reviewed and updated in order to comply with the emerging social issues. Determining a State Law As mentioned above, VAWA is the foundation of state laws. However, in some cases, state laws are passed before federal. One of such examples is Domestic Abuse Act of Minnesota. It was adopted long before VAWA – in 1979. Its main purpose was to reform the state legal system and police operations in order to protect women against violence. Special attention was paid to domestic violence cases that were treated in the most scrupulous manner. This law has been revised and reauthorized almost each year since its adoption in 1979, and the latest reauthorization was in 2016. The specificity of the law is the focus on determining the concept of domestic violence, identifying court jurisdiction and forms necessary for documenting a violence-related case, and determining fees applicable to violent crimes ( 518B.01 Minnesota Abuse Act, 2016). Reviewing the Influence of Laws on the Problem of Domestic Violence The overall influence of VAWA of addressing the problem of domestic violence is positive. It is associated with the decreased rape rate from 41.2% in 1990 to around 18% in 2014. Such a change is impressing. It can be explained by the comprehensiveness of the law and its focus on different aspects of the problem. Therefore, there are such provisions as funding of rape kits and violence combating local communities, special training for revi
Introduction Transformational leadership or level 3 leadership has been popular for the last two decades and continues to attract attention in the practitioner and research field. It is noted as a leadership style that managers can use to create positive effects of motivation, alignment, performance, and satisfaction of staff members (Osula & Ng, 2014). The theory of this kind of leadership shows that there is a mutual benefits relation between leaders and their followers. Nevertheless, the relationships are still not elaborated, and there is a need for further development to understand relationships and additional insights into the transformational leadership theory. This study seeks to explore the topic further by looking at its relationship with other organisational staff member attributes that determine staff loyalty. It looks at the use of level 3 leadership in the hotel industry. Background of the problem In the hospitality industry, especially the hotel industry, leadership faces a challenge of maintaining team unity, establishing open communication policies, protocols and managing information. The industry also suffers from insufficient support from executives and shareholders of the hotels, who sometimes have to work with poor integration and oversight of new technology. These challenges cut across sectors in the hotel industry. Nevertheless, the management of hotels is reviewed according to the productivity and effectiveness of employee and overall outcomes of human relations management. It comes in light of employees being the biggest assets of service-based companies like hotels. The ability of level three leaders to sustain employee organisational behaviour comes in handy at defining success for hotels. A leadership gap should be understood in the hotel industry to support the effective management of human resources. Statement of the problem The level 3 leadership in the hotel industry has been associated with positive effects on organisational commitment and performance and this is presented in detail in the literature review section of this paper. However, studies that have been conducted have examined the general field of management or general businesses, with only a few researchers focusing on the hotel industry regarding the level 3 leadership (Schriesheim, Castro, Zhou, & DeChurch, 2006). It is important to look into the same research in a specific context to test the validity of the statement and contribute additional literature to the subject. While research managed to produce positive evidence of transformational leadership as explored in the literature review section of this study, the linkage of using level three leadership in the hotel industry and its outcomes remains vague and in need of research, that clarifies the relationship between various variables at play. While transformational leadership is about bringing about performance beyond expectations, it is worthy to note that without a clear definition and review of the expectation, it would be impossible to determine the success of the level three leadership usage. Thus, a way forward is to explore
The need for everyday design, construction and application of sustainability aspects in all areas of engineering and environment urged the need for construction of a training hub. This hub would integrate theoretical and practical knowledge in achieving sustainability as a mainstream skill. The CIT training hub is a form of sustainable architecture built to provide practical skills for students. It was designed by Collard Clarke Jackson architects. It incorporates passive environmental technologies and up-and-coming technologies. Project engineers, architects, planners, landscape designers and clients developed and built a sustainable hub both, in terms of carbon dioxide emissions reduction and education. The use of recyclable materials such as bricks and steel reduced the construction costs of the building. The architects used several environmentally friendly and sustainable resources and materials in the design and building of the hub (CCJ Architects 4). These included:   * Use of solar panels for power generation and solar water heating. The solar panels generate enough electricity to power the hub and export to the grid (Canberra Institute of Technology 8).   * Use of micro turbines for collecting waste are primarily used for heating and cooling the building   * Installation of grey and black waste water recycling plant   * Use of dry spray cooling systems and geothermal heat rejection systems   * Installation of light control and sensing devices for switching lights on and off after sensing movement During its construction, students participated by monitoring temperature, power production from the solar panels, power usage and water consumption (Canberra Institute of Technology 2). The construction of this hub helps demonstrate how easy it is to achieve sustainability through employing efficient methods and recycling resources. Figure 1: The use of solar panels for power generation Figur
Introduction The Internet has become an indispensable part of our lives, gradually entering all the possible spheres and shaping the way we run our errands, communicate with people, and analyze the world around us. It changes our attitudes to work processes, leisure, and even interpersonal relations with the help of algorithms, simple solutions, and easy accessibility. Millions of services, goods, possibilities and infinite terabytes of all kinds of information have become available for a tap on the screen. In theory, all of these things seem to be convenient, progressive, and helpful, but the reality proves them to be also harmful to the well-being of people. Main body Some of the most relevant problems of today can already foreshadow the challenges we will most probably face in the not distant future. In the article “Our Machine Master” David Brooks predicts two ways for humanity equipped with artificial intelligence (AI). Contrary to many beliefs it will not give rise to humanoids, but it will be integrated into cars, headphones, watches, and other ordinary things that most people use on a daily basis. Such a close coexistence cannot but influence our habits and behavior, and in the end, such non-stop assistance and “external brain” might render people helpless and vulnerable in the face of all the dangers the real world holds. Despite all the scientific and technical progress, our planet poses many dangers to humanity, some of them are still not thoroughly studied, some remain unknown. Moreover, even our bodies might become the victims of these technologies because less and less physical activities stay difficult enough to be performed by humans only. It is possible to suggest that we will have more free time and it will give a quality change to our lifestyle, but so far the experience of using technologies shows that they become addictive. Another threat that lies in digital technologies is related to big data and control, which corporations acquire through online services. Such digital giants as Google and Amazon have access to all the personal and behavioral information that we share on the net, and though they claim to use for our benefit, the algorithms of the Internet also misuse in subtle and invisible ways. Searching tools can show us results they think should interest us judging by our previous clicks and views. It is a powerful mechanism, but some people do not even notice that they are shown a distorted reality or only the part which the code deemed relevant for them. What started as endless freedoms and accessibility of all the information turns out to be pseudo equality and tyranny, in a way. I think that the article “Our Machine Master” by Brookes best argues with statistics and critical thinking, though all the rest also have relevant figures and examples, so none of them is weak. Today digital m
Many organizations prefer to have employees who are well trained in corporate matters in order to meet the modern expectations in the business world. A university that has got a corporate structure specifically provides job-specific training for both corporate and managerial personnel of a particular company (Brown, 1998). Many companies across the world have adopted this mode of training hat has got a limited scope compared to the traditional training at universities. This kind of training ensures that the personnel of a particular company are well equipped with specialized skills needed in the corporate world (Brown, 1998). Many organizations are considering the idea of corporate training in their training structures for them to produce complete employees. This paper will highlight the corporate training models in university structures and why many organizations prefer the corporate training system. There are quite a number of training models used by organizations to train their employees in corporate matters. To begin with, the campaign approach has been proven to instill a sense of innovation. It is important for a corporate training model to retain and maintain the value of the organization. The campaign model fosters blended learning that is essential for corporate interaction and collaboration. This type of corporate training model borrows its idea from marketing (Brown, 1998). When marketing a particular product or idea, marketing executives tend to use all the available avenues to ensure maximum outreach. In order to retain organizational value, the campaign approach is normally used. This model of corporate training ensures that the trainees are assertive enough when dealing with multiple modalities. Organizational initiatives can only be successful if the management personnel have this type of training. Technology has continued to play a major role in facilitating training. The blended approach incorporates technology training for effective learning delivery. The internet and other multimedia tools are example of technological tools used in corporate training models. Apart from providing technological tools, there must be a strict sense of commitment to ensure full implementation of the technological tools in order to improve learning capabilities of trainees (Paton, 2005). The human resource department has the responsibility of ensuring that the technological tools available are utilized in the best way possible. The blended model of corporate training includes incremental training in innovation which enables employees to come up with new ideas that can benefit their parent organizations (Paton, 2005). Corporate training fosters practical innovations that can completely revolutionalize how business is done. The technological model enables the trainees to form business groups that are very important in the business world. Innovation training goes beyond the classroom in order to inject some enthusiasm in the training. His model of training has the main objective of giving the employees some form of personal fulfillment as well as bringing business success. Corporate training is very dema