ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The question of social justice in mental health institution supervision is addressed by researchers from the perspectives of existing causes of discrimination against individuals with mental illness history and the strategies for solving this problem. The readings’ analysis allows for identifying a significant difference between social justice practices implementation within mental health institutions and in society and communities. Although the implementation of social justice practices seems feasible in the health care setting, it is much more challenging to pursue social justice in communities. While the concepts of leadership and supervision tend to be referenced within the clinical contend and primarily apply to the responsibilities of the professionals in mental institutions, the issues articulated in the article and chapters are more generalized and address the life of “psychiatric survivors” in society (Finkler, 2013, p. 221). Indeed, in chapter 16, Finkler (2013) refers to sanism as a discriminatory pattern that diminishes the dignity of the mentally ill. However, the author analyzes the perception of mental illness as a social identity and diagnosis, which predetermines prejudiced attitudes without indicating how these issues might be resolved. Similarly, White and Pike (2013), in chapter 17, discuss the importance of encouraging mental health literacy among Canadian citizens as a way of eliminating discrimination. However, the increased attention to the problems of the mentally ill might become an intimidation factor for increased psychological distress when socializing. Within the same perspective of a psychiatric survivor, Wipond (2013), in chapter 18, analyzes how mad individuals’ identity is associated with deviance and crime. Although the author emphasizes the necessity of eliminating the under- and mi-representation of the mentally ill in media, the practical side of finding a solution is vague. Indeed, the improvement of social justice realities associated with the life of psychiatric patients after treatment might be addressed from the perspective of community-based programs and interventions as introduced by Costa et al. (2012). However, the issues raised in the readings are social justice supervision. At the same time, the practices of shifting the perception from opposing us from them and improving mental health literacy might be effective methods of ensuring social justice in mental health institutions.
Introduction The terror attacks of September 11, 2001 in the United States, popularly known as 9/11, changed the world’s view of terrorism forever. In the aftermath of these attacks, the Bush administration declared war on terrorism, this war was aimed at capturing Osama bin Laden and smashing al-Qaeda operations around the world. These actions were taken in order to prevent future terrorism attacks and to avoid the emergence of other terrorism networks. The US received support for the right to defend itself around the world, and even by the UN Security Council Resolution 1368. Stringent measures aimed at law enforcement and fighting terrorism were implemented in the wake of these attacks, most of which had not been applied prior to the attacks. Domestic response to these attacks included the enactment of several legislation that have proved successful in curtailing terror activities. Notable legislation amendments included the creation of the Department of Homeland Security whose main aim was to combat terror. Improvements in aviation security have been successful too in the fight against terror. The response of the US government in the wake of September 11 was important and has proved to be effective in averting terror acts. It is our obligation to support the government in its attempts to fight terror, as this will make our streets, buildings, and the transport industry safe. Legislation that have been successful in Averting Terror Activities Domestic response to 9/11 led to the amendment and enactment of several legislation aimed at fighting terrorism. The President signed into law the Homeland Security Act of 2002.This created the Department of Homeland Security, which was charged with the responsibility of identifying and combating terrorism acts. Congress again passed the Patriot Act, the legislation would help perceive and fight terrorism and other offenses. The Bush administration also instigated a National Security Agency operation to “eavesdrop on telephone and e-mail communications between the United States and people overseas without a warrant” (Smith & Li Ching, Pp 58). The Patriot Act has been instrumental in the US’ fight against terrorism, however, it has received widespread condemnation from what critics term as loopholes that may lead to the abuse of human civil rights. The following portions of the law have drawn criticism:   * One section nicknamed “sneak-and-peek,” gives anti-terrorism personnel the power to search property without informing the subjects of their intentions until they have conducted the search;   * The second portion, nicknamed the “library records” legislation, allows personnel to possess business and personal records without giving reason or linking their seizure or the subject to terrorism.   * The final portion redefines domestic terrorism in a manner that Americans worry will consist of anti-abortion protesters. Provisions of the Patriot Act that have led to a Reduction in Terro
Levine’s nursing theory provides a cognitive approach that can facilitate the nursing jobs in developing and framing interventions that are widespread or comprehensive in nature for better and more effective curative objectives and results. The Conservation theory propounded by Myra E. Levine born in Chicago in the late 1960s was greatly inspired to choose nursing as her career due to her father’s ill health. The model emphasizes the adaptive nature of human beings towards their environment. Application of the conservation model provides a platform for nursing care standards. A Levine’s model is a conceptual model rather than a theory as it includes a set of relatively abstract and general concepts that reflect a common interest in the nursing discipline. It provides a distinctive structure that guides the nurses on how to observe and interpret the nursing issues it defines each meta paradigm including people, environment, health and nursing in a detailed and descriptive manner (Fawcett J, 2005). Levine’s Conservation Model was constructed to aid medical surgical nursing based on the firm belief that medical practices should be completely based on conservation principles. Such principles can be promoted by encouraging bed rest, maintaining pressure care areas, preservation of privacy. All the four principles of Conservation, energy, social, personal and structural integrity are highly compatible with the Wound Management Practices as they are testable and specific in nature. Levine’s model is popular among nursing practices as it provides a scientific approach for the implications of nursing practices and interventions. Right from the extension of clinical practices to the administration part such principles of conservation are perfectly applicable. They help in the anticipation and prediction of all related areas of nursing practices and help in the construction of an organized framework. The major utility of the model revolves around the fact that an interface between an individual and his environment is constantly maintained which can certainly be useful for rendering off contemporary nursing practices. (Martsolf and Mickley, 1998). The model is based on four main principles of conservation of energy that balances input and output energy to avoid unnecessary fatigue and stress, personal integrity helps in restoring self-confidence, integrit
Cost management is an important component of projects in the construction industry. However, the general public is largely unaware of its significance. At the same time, the profession lacks uniformity of definitions and standards. The following paper is an analysis of a literature review aimed at identifying and addressing the global issues in the area. The article is an attempt to identify and address several challenges pertinent to the professions in the cost management field. According to the author, cost engineers, quantity surveyors, and cost managers receive less recognition by society compared to more popular professions in the construction industry, such as architects or engineers. The main problem created by such lack of awareness is the fact that it undermines the value created by project cost managers. The brightest example of such a discrepancy is the current state of several widely publicized high-profile projects which, despite significant efforts, were unsuccessful in meeting the designated cost and time limits. However, it should be understood that these high-profile cases reflect an overall state of the industry, with many smaller projects facing similar difficulties. The research focuses on two broad areas of cost management. The first area is the persisting issues with cost and time overruns observed throughout the construction domain on a global scale. The second is the lack of appropriate representation of the profession by professional associations. The author utilizes a literature review for the purpose of the study. The data is obtained from research on cost management issues conducted by globally recognized organizations. The results suggest the lack of identity for the profession on the global scale due to the lack of consensus regarding the common descriptor, the scarcity of common standards, terminology, and bodies of knowledge, and the existence of major disparities in competencies and expertise in cost management practices on a global scale. The author also points to a number of region-specific issues, including the lack of professional uniformity in European countries and the gaps in education and certification practices in the Middle East. Based on the issues identified in the study, the researcher formulates several recommendations. Specifically, the author argues that the establishment of leading global authority, the settlement of a single profession title, the development, and the development of unified standards, certification bodies, and definitions would be beneficial for representing cot managers from different countries. Finally, the author provides a number of international organizations that can be approached in order to facilitate global-scale leadership in the field. The article contributes to the knowledge base in two aspects of the cost management domain. First, it systematizes the existing research on the gaps in the field and identifies similarities in concerns faced by professionals in different countries. The growing demand for resources and an incr
Jonathan Mildenhall Lecture on Creative Excellence In his lecture, Jonathan Mildenhall described Coca-Cola’s “Open Happiness” campaign as a call to action and emotions. He recognizes a profound connection between emotion and action. First of all, Mildenhall states with definitiveness that emotions drive rationality. An emotional appeal is thus more profound and more likely to change behaviors than an appeal to reasoning. Second, Mildenhall also declares that the best advertising provokes a strong emotional response. Whether the response is compassion, disgust, or laughing out loud is what constitutes a better piece of advertising than any other piece that may be skillfully designed and deliver unquestionable facts but causes no emotional reaction. The two things declared by Mildenhall comprise the two principles of emotion-based storytelling in advertising. Also, Mildenhall mentions that there are two main driving forces for humans: happiness and safety. According to him, Coca-Cola employs the themes of happiness in its advertising efforts to one of the greatest extents among all international brands. It is believed that people are more motivated to act in a certain way, such as consuming particular products if emotion-based associations with these products are built, which is to be done by advertisers and marketers. Raquel Hunter’s Speech on Digital Media Raquel Hunter’s general message was that social networking services and communities existing there not only reflect culture and society to a certain extent, which they certainly do but also shape them in the modern world. In communication studies, social media are not regarded as mere entertainment: they are instead environments where information is continuously generated, shared, and responded to, which shapes the informational reality for users, i.e., how they see the world. In marketing, it has been acknowledged that online communities represent accumulations of opinions, interests, traits, and attitudes that impact the market. That is why they need to be explored and studied to understand the needs of consumers. A way to do that is by using online analytics. With her significant experience in various industries, Hunter demonstrates that online analytics is something from which businesses in virtually every sphere today can benefit. Although there are complications with applying analytics tools to large amounts of human-generated content, these tools still demonstrate an impressing capacity for moving businesses forward by discovering demand, collecting feedback, and understanding consumers. Comparison of the Talks Not to take away from the importance and usefulness of what Hunter presented, I found more useful information in Mildenhall’s lecture. His lecture was dedicated to concepts and theory, unlike Hunter’s more practical talk, but I still felt that what Mildenhall told was more helpful. The reason is that he explained several things about how marketing and advertising are performed by one of the world’s most successful companies, and it pr
Imprisonment rates in the United States of America over the past two decades have increased at an alarming rate. According to information released by Bureau of Justice Statistics, by the end of 2001, a total of 5,618,000 adult American citizens had been imprisoned at least once in their lives (Mears, 2004). In addition, the research revealed that almost 1 person in every 37 adults in America has gone through the incarceration process. Just as the imprisonment rates have gone high, so has the number of people being released from the prisons increased too. The estimated number of offenders released from USA prisons in 1980 was 170,000 and since then, over the last twenty years, the number has tripled with almost about 592,000 prisoners being released to join the society from federal and state facilities. Currently, almost about 700,000 prisoners in the US are released from custody each year to join their communities. Research conducted over the last decade shows that transition from prison life to the outside society is often difficult for the ex-offenders, their family members, friends, and the larger community (Petersilia, 1999). A big number of incarcerated individuals lack the skills to support themselves once outside the prison walls. If ex-offenders are not guided through the reintegration process, they face a lot of challenges and as a result, many of them go back to their previous lives before imprisonment. In the U.S.A, two-thirds of the released inmates are arrested again within a period of three years after their official release. More than one million parents are arrested and as a result, leave their children without proper care. Four million men and women lose their voting rights and a big number of citizens taken to prison usually have limited education and work experience. Currently, great numbers of inmates leave prisons unprepared to face community life effectively, since the few available prison programs do not have incentives for the prisoners to learn new things. Ex-inmates confined within correctional centers are confronted with a large number of economic, personal, and social challenges that create obstacles towards living a crime-free lifestyle after imprisonment. Some of these challenges are related to the ex-offenders’ past experiences while others are directly related to the in
The world is arguably moving irreversibly towards integration. Although globalization has been defined as a process that can help developing countries better their wellbeing, it increasingly becomes clear that globalization (the current model) is actually creating many challenges for poor countries (Benuri 431). Theoretically, a liberalization of global economies is expected to empower poor countries due to sharing new technology, market accessibility and free movement of resources (Frankel 196). Unfortunately, the current process of globalization is built on a pre-existing model that has been exploiting poor countries over the last years (Castles 240). As it has been evident in the last decade, western countries will continue to guard their selfish interests against those of the developing world (Eichengreen 11). The 1999 UN report indicated that less than 20 poor countries had benefited from globalization (Kitson 233). The contribution of developing countries in the proportion of international trade decreased from 1.4% in 1970 to a mere 0.4% in 1995 (Kitson 233). Moreover, the gap in per capita earnings between poor and rich nations grew to over 70 times (Kitson 233). The main drivers of globalization have been multinational companies (Charles 230). Globalization has enabled these organizations to increase their global presence, expand their market share, and increase their earnings (Herring 180). The interest of multinational companies has primarily focused on increasing their net earnings at the lowest possible cost (Charles 230). Since small scale industries in developing countries cannot compete with powerful multinational companies that invade their markets, many small scale industries in the developing world have collapsed, thus, leading to loss of working places there (Dunning 54). Usually, multinational companies transfer a large percentage of their earnings to their home countries, hence, creating foreign reserve deficits in developing countries (Castles 240). Questions are also raised in regard to the capacity of developing nations to exploit opportunities that will result from a globalizing world (Grassman 126). The presence of an educated populace in western countries is credited with developing creative business solutions that have helped to expand their country’s economies (Dunning 54). It remains doubtful if developing countries can have talented individuals who can make business solutions that would compete against those from the developed world (Harris 80). Such reasoning is informed by the presence of low quality education in most poor countries and the lack of resources for promoting creative solutions
Definition Countertransference is a term use to describe the therapist’s emotional responses to the client, which are attributed to his or her unconscious demands and conflicts, relative to his or her conscious responses to the client’s characteristics. This experience may hinder the understanding of the patient by the therapist, so that it affects his or her therapeutic performance (Abess, n.d.). Substance abuse rehabilitation facilities Professional management for substance abuse conditions is undergoing rapid transformation. Research and assessment studies are discovering fresh techniques and devices for promoting change and recovery. Payers and the general public expectations from the professionals are increasing. At the same time, licensing and certifying organs are escalating their standards and demanding higher performance from prospects for licensure and certification. Occasionally, professionals may have to deal with clients that have co-occurring disorders and who present with intricate life conditions. A more complex disorder, translate to a more advanced and skillful treatment and supervision. To satisfy the increasing expectations the substance abuse rehabilitation institution must be in a position to; (i) to directly and objectively monitor, encourage, and assess clinical competence: (ii) guarantee commitment to evidence-based performance; and (iii) escalate treatment potency and cost-effectiveness. In the past, professional substance abuse management institutions have invested resources towards provision of direct care services while failing to provide substantial resources to the clinical supervisors. Supervision time is insufficient in majority of the rehab institutions, and the supervision practice is more administrative as oppose to clinical. Noteworthy, direct clinical supervision of councilors is seldom an agenda of an agency personnel improvement program (U.S. Department of Health and Human Service, 2007). Issues that arise from counter-transference Transference and counter-transference issues arising from the interaction between the patient and the professional can become delicate and pathological or psychosocially detrimental (U.S. Department of Health and Human Service, 2007). Majorly, addiction counselors have encountered similar issues one time or another similar to those presented by the patient to the “counselor client dyad.” This is crucial in the sense that the counselor identifies with a client because they remind them of a patient in the past a phenomenon called countertransference. This phenomenon emerges due to the professional experiences as a reaction to involvement in the counseling activity. The countertransference is actually what the professional directs to the patient including specific attitudes and emotions. Conventionally, the countertransference occurrence is best perceived as a