ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Timber, as a construction material, is relatively eco-friendly. One analyses the environmental feasibility of a material on the basis of the effect it has on the environment during manufacture, construction of the facility and energy use after constructing the house. This refers to the green house gases released by the product as well as the total amount of energy required during the lifecycle of the material. Some materials may consume plenty of energy during construction but may lead to energy savings during occupation of the facility. Timber in floor construction Timber manufacture results in minimal by-products and even the relatively small amounts that do come about can be recycled. For instance, they can make mulch or generate heat in kilns (Hanson 2000). Members of the population are concerned about native plantations as well as forests. Not only do these areas act as habitats for biological species like plants and wildlife, they are also important sources of recreation and stabilize soil properties in those settings. Forests serve a host of other functions in the country’s ecology. Therefore, when architects choose the material, they may disturb these natural settings and the organisms that rely on them. Nonetheless, proper planning for their use can mitigate the problem. Plantation forests are an environmentally sustainable method of sourcing for timber. These areas are well managed as pre-planned building sites that have been created specifically for manmade uses. Manufacturers would need to liaise with timber associations in charge of these areas to source the materials (National Timber and Development Council Australia 2001). Energy requirements for preparing timber for construction are relatively lower than the ones used by other construction materials. The only process that consumes a lot of energy is drying. This stage accounts for three-quarter of the energy consumption. In a mill, workers often rely on wood cuttings from the same timber to provide heat energy. Only minimal gas and electricity is needed for this material. Usually, the latter sources account for 15% of the energy used. It is possible to rely on kilns that consume solar energy as described by the Department of Conservation and Land Management. Timber in the form of clad can consume 31,020 MJ for construction and will need 24,750 MJ for a forty-year maintenance period. Brick veneer timber requires 92,565 MJ for construction and 0 MJ for maintenance. Double-brick needs 141,900 MJ for construction and O MJ for maintenance. Aerated concrete consumes 76,560 MJ for construction and 24, 750 MJ of energy for maintenance. Finally, steel takes up 75,900 MJ in production and 24,750 for a forty-year maintenance period (University of Tasmania 2013). In comparison to the other materials, veneer timber is the most favourable because it has low energy needs. Steel may require much less energy than timber but it is not practical for floors. In the manufacture of buildin
God is the highest judge who evaluates people according to their actions fairly; if people pray and believe in him, he heals and provides what he desires. At the same time, atheists maintain that God does not exist because there are still wars and acts of terrorism in which innocent victims are murdered (Krause & Ironson, 2019). This is not consistent with what can be found in the scriptures and the Bible. It can be argued that the Lord is the supervisor; once there is doubt about the existence of this guard, a man who is a potential malefactor is capable of anything. Although, God’s tribunal is not the only tribunal before which a person can hold accountable. Hence, if God did not exist, people would still be restrained by other factors, but in combination, heavenly and earthly potential punishments act as restraining forces against omnipotent conduct. It is essential to mention Polytheism and the Christian religion, where the concepts of good and evil are different. For example, magic is forbidden by the Lord, but permitted in pagan rituals (Krause & Ironson, 2019). At the same time, Christianity creates the single fair rules for everyone, but Polytheism is the privilege of certain individuals and donned by the forces of the gods, which is not equitable. It is valid to reference national and religious differences, specifically the various rules in Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Muslimism. Therefore, religions have separate regulations depending on their nationality, but they all agree on the standard view that God is the supreme power, independent of his name (Krause & Ironson, 2019). Believers from an ethical choir need to respect the religious considerations in different nations because they ultimately glorify the Lord. Furthermore, there is no one controlling authority that verifies whether a person has sinned today; it all depends exclusively on the conscience of the individual (Krause & Ironson, 2019). At the same time, many philosophers doubt the concept of conscience because they consider that a person is incapable of maintaining a high standard of behavior. Reference Krause, N., & Ironson, G. (2019). Religious involvement, God images, and life satisfaction. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 22 (1), 41-55.
Local 190 is in an awkward position as a result of the proposal and implementation of the wage reduction strategy in 1983 by the Deloitte plant of Adam Baxter Company. This is due to the poor economic situation of the industry in which the firm is operating. Since the late 1970s and early 1980s, rival firms in the same industry have experienced losses with some reducing the wages of their employees and others winding down. Despite these trends, the Deloitte plant operations within the industry are phenomenal as a result of its increased production, sales, and profitability. It is as a result of this fact that Local 190 believes that the firm should actually be looking into the possibility of raising and not reducing the wages of its employees. Given the prevailing relationship between the company, the trade union, and the employees, there are several factors that might determine the outcome of this negotiation for better or for worse. First, the firm can give in to the trade union’s demands of raising basic wages earned, introduce an incentive program to boost the morale of employees, reduce the production rate by 80% as a means of reducing injury at the workplace, and most importantly, improve the overall training offered to employees before commencing and during their work tenure at the firm. These considerations will not only improve the productivity of the employees but will also reduce the firm’s operational costs, which will, in turn, enhance the profitability and sustainability of the firm in the short and long term. On the other hand, the firm can choose not to meet the demands of the trade union. In this respect, they will have the option of firing and replacing all the employees after the expiration of the contract. However, this move will trigger a strike from the current employees. This will negatively affect the operations of the firm. Secondly, this approach will also increase the operating costs of the firm since it will have to incur additional expenses in the process of advertising, hiring, and recruiting new employees. Finally, the productivity of the firm will be reduced since new employees will require time to adjust to new working conditions to meet the current production targets. Mistakes Made and Best Moves by Each Side Adam Baxter and Local 190 have both made several mistakes in the course of these negotiations. The biggest mistake made by Adam Baxter was to totally ignore the grievances raised by its employees that have been presented to them through their trade union with regards to the wage reduction proposal in 1983. It thus became clear that the firm had no intentions of raising the wages of its employees, especially after critically analyzing its move of encouraging veteran employees to retire and, in the process, hire rookie employees who are not covered by the escrow account, hence reducing the firm’s expenditure on wages. Furthermore, the firm has also threatened to terminate the contract if no
Introduction Nonverbal communication is conditioned by subconscious impulses of the human psyche (Argyle 86). This form of interaction between people is often truthful and allows determining the attitude of one person to another. The purpose of this paper is to decompose the nonverbal communication in a supervisor-employee relationship at the author’s previous workplace. Description According to Peck Richmond et al., the relationship between employer and employees is often “characterized by the dominant-submissive continuum” (232). The interaction under analysis has a similar character. The employer (Jack) was a good friend of mine; therefore, our communication was strongly positive. When I started working for Jack’s company, our relationship has altered and has become more formal. Role For the chosen type of relationship, nonverbal communication is of paramount importance. Since supervisor-employee interaction is quite formalized, nonverbal language assists greatly in decomposing the attitude of the other person (Burgoon et al. 102). In the case of the author, this form of interaction was indeed exponential. In particular, when I first encountered my friend at the workplace, he was a bit alienated but had a mild smile, which allowed me to assume that I had to observe subordination. Nevertheless, he showed a friendly attitude to me, which enabled concluding that the other person did not try to exhibit his status. Differences During the encounters, the supervisor and I had dissimilar behavior. For instance, his physical appearance was up to the mark. Nonetheless, he was wearing jeans and a polo while I was wearing a formal suit in accordance with the dress code. In addition, I tried to use gestures and body movements in moderation while Jack was more relaxed and waved his hand to the colleagues when they were passing by the meeting room (Chandra 7). In regards to face and eyebrow behavior, the employer maintained proper eye contact, as well as I did, to show that we were listening to each other carefully. Interestingly, the supervisor was always one tone higher than I was. It can be assumed that he has employed this strategy to establish an encouraging and productive atmosphere. In terms of personal space and touch, the employer was quite distant and avoided any physical contact with me (Knapp et al. 11). In the same manner, the author of this paper also maintained proper distance and did not touch the other person anyhow. Notably, the scent in the room was remarkable. It did not make the meeting room more comfortable but emphasized that the area was created for official meetings. In terms of time, Jack allowed me to talk more since I was to report my findings and suggestions. He took some time only when he wanted to provide mentorship. Comparison The identified differences fully confirm the explanation found in the book. For instance, the authors state, “eye contact is often the first stage in the initial-encounter phase of a relationship” (Peck Richmond et al. 92). In the same manner, the supervisor established proper conta
Nowadays, the development of information technologies is closely connected with business and plays an important role in the company’s organizational structure. Internet services and different types of Media Services function as an effective means for data storage and data streaming. Since the role of the internet has increased, there observe a growing number of cyber cafes and clubs. Hence, Club IT is on the night venues whose organizational structure implies the information systems applications. Lisa Tejada and Ruben Keys who both obtained degrees in Business Administration head a downtown music nightclub, Club IT. This is a perfect place for people to enjoy their time in an atmosphere of fun and energy and listen to cool music. The owners hire different live rock bands and DJs. Hence, the main goal of the nightclub is to encourage people to visit their club and enjoy the renewed interior of the café. For the successful development of the business, the owners run the office and carry out all the financial records. Lisa and Ruben spent a big amount of money on the remodeling of the nightclub design and on the creation of the atmosphere that will dispose to the open communication. However, due to the rapid development of the IT technologies Club, IT’s major objective is to create an internet community of regular Club IT goers. To do that, they decided to work out an IT strategy to make their business more beneficial. As a result, Club IT has its own members’ website where the IT clubbers have the possibility to share the information concerning the events that are to place in the club or in order to organize the party. The website also contains information about IT staff, their purchases, and even the music calendar (Wiley Higher Education unpaged). The introduction of the IT system into Club IT organizational management has contributed greatly to the promotion of the business. First of all, it is one of the most effective instruments of inviting a wider range of clients so that they can be always informed about Club IT’s recent events and operations, and communicate with web IT members In addition, the owners can gain competitive information from their customers and communicate with them as well. Hence, the Club IT managers have a greater opportunity to meet the clients’ requirements (Rainer, Kelly and Turban E. 6). Secondly, as Lisa and Ruben try to expand the membership website, they provide rewarding programs for the clients to participate in the organization’s improvement more actively. It means that the customers are involved in the setting of the main strategies of the organization. Thirdly, like all business organizations, Club IT managers undergo difficulties and financial problems and, therefore, the introduction of the IT system helped to overcome exigencies and become more competitive. Moreover, it assists in identifying the pressures and working out the plans for their elimination (Rainer, Kelly and Turban E 12). Finally, the new technological approach allowed Lisa and Ruben to employ the workers via the Internet by providing some assignments and tests. T
Introduction Today the technological advancement is forcing most companies to consider implementation of strong specifications to remain competitive. It is not wise for a new enterprising company to continue producing slow cranes of limited capacities while the competitors keep high standard overhead cranes. The cranes manufacturing industries are under the strain to produce more sophisticated, and cranes that can restrain higher stresses due to the advancement over the building structures. The new overhead designs of the cranes, such as boosted load capacity, remain to be the best policies over the high maintenance costs and excessive performance time. Every buyer wants a machine that performs on increased capacities and at higher frequencies compared to earlier designs or structures. Modernization of the structures today calls for technological advancement for the cranes. The structures utilize the track-mounted cranes, which work concurrently in as first as possible sequence without fluctuating on the tracks. One real-world combinatorial problem entails the procedure of planning for the crane to follow the manufacturing schedule. Some companies have advanced designing structures that allow quick and synchronized manufacture but they still face the challenge of assigning tasks and ordering the tasks to avoid interference. The smaller companies face the problem of scheduling the tasks to overcome constrains and minimize the completion time. The crane factory also faces many human resource issues. Like other high-standard companies, to meet up the challenge of having high quality standard prospective employees, some web-based technology such as timesheet management software or time-off systems are important programs to adopt. (“Tips,” 2006, 7). These are important new programs for reducing the waste and cost. Similar new companies have implemented the web-based research technologies to recruit applicants, offer online human resource deliveries, support collection process that is more efficient in distribution and exchange of data. Most companies face the challenge of meeting demand. They fail to meet customers’ requirements because of poor marketing procedures. The recent marketing trends of globalization and outsourced production require the business especially new ones to hire marketing experts to manage the complexity involved between buyers and sellers, navigate various cultural differences and travel to find orders and ensure deliveries. (Monczka et al, 2008, 111) In the address of the general challenges facing the manufacturing industries, the main areas requiring immediate redress include the lack of proper focus by the governments in ensuring global competitiveness. A good governing system enables
Introduction In Module 3, we broadly explored the concept on “developing the leadership.” This was an informative topic that indeed boosted by raw knowledge and technical understanding of leadership skills, competences and traits. I am compelled to affirm that my basic knowledge on leadership was extremely expanded after attending the module. Besides, the program positively reshaped some of my earlier habits alongside assisting me to establish key tenets of developing my professional plan. Needless to say, the module has played an integral role in widening my understanding of the term ‘leadership’. Besides, it has significantly extended my knowledge. Therefore, I can confidently define leadership as the ability to attain certain goals and objectives that other people fear to take due to the risks associated with the processes. The latter is accomplished through a number of styles and skills that are executed in line with the existing circumstances. The core learning outcomes from the module are highlighted in this essay. Other vital areas covered include reading outcomes as well as the professional and personal challenges. Each of the mentioned topics will equally address the desired changes required in my traits in order to improve my current leadership style. To sum it up, it is expected to focus on the ultimate plan that will augment my overall leadership development skills. Class Learning Outcomes Positive treatment of responses from other people is the main learning outcome that I acquired during the module. For instance, it is highly recommended to listen to feedback from other people and also give a positive response. Being attentive to feedback from other independent-minded persons is often beneficial regardless of the applicability of the advice (Lombardo and Eichinger 87). If a functional piece of advice is received, there is no harm at all because it can be put into use altogether. In the event that a given piece of advice is not applicable, then it should be a vivid reminder to me that I ought to improve in that domain. It is also interesting to mention that the results of the assessments that were done prior to the module were indeed useful. The latter enlightened me further on certain crucial considerations. The first assessment Leadership Versatility Index (
For a smooth running of a business, an effective and efficient supply chain management is required. An efficient supply chain management (SCM) ensures that a firm has adequate material for all its processes at the right quantity, quality and price. When well managed, it is one of the strongest competitive advantages of a business. Briefly, SCM focuses on inwards logistics, outwards logistics and reverse logistics (Larson & Halldorsson, 2004). According to Fortune 500 reports, 2002 to 2010, Wal-mart is the world’s largest retail outlet in volume and capacity. The company maintains a strong supply chain system. It has an in-house developed supply chain. It sells to local and international customers, thus it operates a local and global supply chain system. This paper discusses the supply chain management employed by Wal-mart. Brief history of Wal-mart Wal-mart stores have been in operation since 1962, with the first branch at Rogers, Ark, in United State of America. In a span of ten years, the company had diversified to major cities in United States and had 11 branches. According to Fortune 500, 2002 to 2010, the company is the leading retail outlet in the world. It specialises in different merchandise from electronic to toys. The profits made by the company rose from $219.81 billion in 2002 to $405 billion in 2010 despite the world’s economic situation. The number of employees in the same period rose from 1.29 to 2.1 million. The company has over 8,747 retail units situated in 15 countries and operating under 55 different banners. The quality of managerial decisions has led to the company’s success. It adopts strategic management systems in all its operations. One of such strategic managed areas is supply chain management. The company have 40 Regional Distribution Centres, which each covers an area of over one million square feet’s, inside the distribution centres, there are five conveyer belts that move over 9,000 merchandise, they operate 24 hours, seven days a weeks (Walmart Corporate Website, 2010). Wal-mart supply chain management Parties in supply chain and functions The companies supply chain takes two forms, from the manufacturer to the company’s stores, and from the stores to the customer. The parties to Wal-mart’s supply chain are: Suppliers : they are manufactures who make different products that the company stocks. They are supposed to honour an order and deliver products of the right quality and quantity. Customers : Wal-mart supplies goods to customers who buy certain volume using their trucks and when they are international customers they look for the best means to deliver them, this includes sea and air transport. Wal-mart’s procurement department : the department is composed of heads of different sections whom advice the head of procurement on their section’s demand, both for inward and outwards logistics. Freight section: this is transport/truck management section. The section is mandated with the task of ensuring right numbers of trucks are maintained in the company, they are operating well and allocates the right number