ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The Curriculum defines the way of transforming educational planning into practical implementation, through which nations are enhanced in achieving their ideological goals. Hence curriculum is the way by which a nation can achieve its aims. Michel, D. J., & Douglas. F (2006). However, the American education system is under a serious threat that undermines the philosophy of education to all. The No Child Left Out act, has not been articulated comprehensively in the educational structures of America. Bennett, D (2002). Different educational institutions and organizations should therefore be aligned to achieve their aims through a re-aligned curriculum. Although teachers, premises, resources, and facilities have their own value in the educational process, but the curriculum has the central position in the education of students. The curriculum is not only a source of fulfillment of national aims but also serves the purpose of training and educating needs of individuals. Millie, A., C (1990). Horizontal and Vertical Curriculum Alignment The combined curriculum warrants student’s high stakes testing by assuring quality education to students. Student assessment is fundamental and teachers should create tests that evaluate students learning tests for at-risk learners. Maurice. T., H (1992). Enacting a curriculum that is comprehensive, multicultural, inclusive, student-centered, and embedded improves curriculum alignment both on a vertical and horizontal scale. This curriculum improves academic progress and helps inconsistency of the curriculum. Wraga, F.N (2004). Curriculum aligned based on the diversity of society helps students to learn values of diverse cultures within schools and communication between cultures is developed. A curriculum that is inclusive at all grade stratums is crucial to all students since it offers all students with equal opportunities for learning and it also advocate for differences among students irrespective of disabilities. Moses W. (2006). Horizontal and Vertical Alignment The vertical alignment also helps to intensify of substance by imparting knowledge to teachers at different educational levels. Horizontal alignment on the other hand joins the curricular objectives transversely between subjects. This so importa
Abu Dhabi and Dubai are arguably among the most developed and fastest-growing Asian cities across the world, though little remains are known about the backdrop of their modernisation (Carter & Dunston 2006). Dubai and Abu Dhabi have a long history of civilization, though their city modernisation seems to have occurred so swiftly and in the shortest evolution period. Several decades ago, the contemporary Abu Dhabi and Dubai were initially formless, desert-like, and occupied by tumbleweed and cactuses (Hari 2009). The main occupants of the desert land were mainly the Bedouins who were nomads, anglers, and few traditional farmers. Some few small towns in the 18 th century began developing in the lower Persian Gulf region, an area that has been crucial in the history of Dubai and Abu Dhabi (Hari 2009). The Persian Gulf gradually began attracting a cosmopolitan population from the Indian sub-continent, the Persian regions and from other Arab countries, which marked the barging in of the modernised Arab world. With a great contempt against the western education which nationalists in the two cities remained suspicious about, the form of housing for both Abu Dhabi and Dubai was still in the traditional form of Shantytowns and informal settlements (Kanna 2011). The main form of housing was the traditional nomadic hut settlements historically known as the barastis, which formed the small Shantytowns across the desert. The Emirates during this moment used mud bricks, coral, dry stones, and even wood in developing their informal infrastructures (Archnet 2013). Along the Persian Coast, anglers provided coral reefs, which turned to be the prime construction material along the coastal plains. Irregular rubble blocks developed from thick mortar conventionally identified as ‘sarooj’ and thin-chopped coral slabs were useful in building the houses (Archnet 2013). Constructors obtained mangrove timber from the Eastern parts of Africa, which they used as roof beams for strengthening the walls in the form of standing poles. Mangrove beams also supported planks of palm wood in developing traditional ceilings. Growing of palm trees and fishing were two practices, which provided source of fronds and reefs that acted as major building materials. The Eastern part of Dubai that still borders Oman is hilly and the western region is relatively flat and inhabited by the coastal sandy plains. The form of housing differed between regions in these old cities. Towns that existed in the oasis region consisted of houses made of mud bricks and split-palm beams predominantly used as roofing material (Archnet 2013). The common historical practice of house construction using palm beams has remained evident in several Arabic cities. As part of strengthening their structures against wind er
Assumptions How effective people determine the qualities of the resultant service For there to be an effective organization there must be effective processes Good Customer service forms the backbone of any kind of business. This is especially crucial for Service and hospitality oriented businesses (Ward para.3). Good customer service aims at ensuring that you establish a great customer base and keep them coming back. Goods and services can be sold at any time to anyone; the method or technique employed used to deliver the product, however, determines whether or not you will be able to sell any other product to that client. Statistics show that companies with excellent customer service have an average annual growth of about 12%. Service and hospitality companies with great customer service have an average profit growth rate of about 10% per year. Body The Spa knows the value of customer satisfaction. They have invested heavily in excellent customer service both in terms of their products and people. Everything a
Actionable information is the type of information that can be performed on, leading to an achievement or accomplishment of an act. It is the information that causes things to take place, by initiating a sequence of actions and reactions. It means the availability of crucial information instantly obtainable so as to address the circumstances at hand. Typically, actionable information is a comparatively minute portion or portions of non- evident elements that can structure an original foundation point for formation of hypothesis. Actionable information is the most important aspect of constructing support. In a nut shell, actionable information is something that facilitates a decision making process and action is provoked as a consequent; thus every organization or business “need to know” (Streifer & Schumann, 2005, p.282). An example of actionable information is an example of share price in the stock market or price of a commodity to the buyer or the seller. For instance, the price of fish in the market along a certain coastline is actionable information to a fisherman, as it gears his decision on where to get his catch and how to sell his fish. Another example is in the case of an economist or a consumer who has a low income. The consumer will regard the information on prices of goods and services as actionable information since it is going to guide his consumption according to the budget constrain. The pricing policy of competitors in a certain industry can also be regarded as actionable information since it will guide the pricing policy of the whole industry and to some extend retention of customers. There are various risks that come up as a result of acting within a situation without actionable information. First, there is a risk of making irrelevant decisions that do not address the issue at hand. Without actionable information, an individual or a business is likely to use outdated information or rather use the wrong strategy which could lead to huge business losses. Secondly, lack of actionable information means the business cannot respond to information as soon as it is required. With increased technology in the market, timely delivery of decisions is of essence. The organization should not only be able to make decisions, but also, make quick and timely decisions (Anderson & Foley, 2008, p.73). Finally, there is a greater risk of giving the competitors an advantage, the firms should have and make use of actionable information to make decisions sensitive to the market and to competitors’ activities. The actionable information is also important to counter the activities of competitors in the market as well as future directions (Anderson & Foley, 2008, p.75). Actionable information is indispensable especially with the na
The written constitution has government principles found in legal documents which have been enacted as laws. The clauses in the written constitution are well planned; clearly stated and standard. Unwritten constitution is the opposite of written one; the government principles are not found in legal documents and the enactment of laws does not exist. The clauses do not follow a certain pattern, plan or standard. Written constitution is more compatible with the liberal democratic tradition. Written constitution has principles that limit or restrain parliament through a judicial review. This means that, the parliament has the authority to enact laws of the land but they must be reviewed by the judiciary of a nation. Such control of parliament’s limitless power ensures that there is no misuse of power. In addition, a balance between legislature and judiciary is created therefore reducing excess political influence on a nation. Written constitution ensures duly enacted laws serve the public welfare. As a result, the parliament is responsible towards the citizens. Moreover, the principles of the natural law are bound by morality and ethics of humanity. Hence, all laws governing the land are determined by the public good. Written constitution ensures the parliament delivers ultimate obedience to its subjects. Despite its supremacy in the land, parliament remains morally answerable to the welfare of its citizens. Written law is not easily manipulated to suit an individual’s interests. For example, if a medical practitioner runs a business without permit from the government or license, he or she can easily manipulate the unwritten law to fit his circumstance. Written constitution is precise and statements written are not controversial. In addition, all laws regarding practice and professional ethics governing different professions are enacted. Incase such scenarios arise it is efficient to quote the written law. Written constitution ensures an effective implementation of the rule of law in parliament and other government bodies. Rule of law includes judicial aspects, where the courts are charged with responsibility of protecting the interests of the public from unlawful acts. Such acts may originate from parliament and court has the responsibility of interpreting the law appropriately to
The Google’s New Privacy Policy is just an attempt to ensure high-level security of an individual’s data and improvement in the search field. For instance, the data searches on Google are linked to other websites such as You Tube. This only shows that Google is tracking people’s activities over the internet. At present, people share their contacts across Docs, Gmail, and Calendar. Since the internet has so many players, it requires an all-inclusive approach that will help in maintaining trust from the public. This policy has not violated information sharing to a third party; it simply makes the data available everywhere (Gross & Perez, 2012). In addition, the policy is trying to minimize cyber crime cases by tracking people’s activities over the internet. Organizations planning to use Google as their communication platform will experience a few challenges, that is, the policy is not meant to share the enterprise’s data with an employee’s data. Markedly, Google cannot detect the connection between a personal account and a user’s work or employment account. These two accounts remain autonomous from each other. On the other hand, organizations that use Google apps should ensure that they renew their contract with Google to avert situations of information leakage to third parties (Gross & Perez, 2012). Some of the social media services from Google that my employees can use include Google Buzz and Google+. All these products are inbuilt in Gmail. Therefore, they are easily accessible under a single click. The employees must verify their email addresses in order to ensure high-level of privacy. Under Google+, employees will be able to learn how other firms operate in achieving their objectives. The company can opt to block employees’ personal accounts during their working time or within the organization. This policy will enable employees to remain focussed on meeting their goals, as there will be less obstruction at work. Possible security risks that can emanate when using Google cloud services may prove impossible to control. For instance, the linking of people’s data to all websites will make it easier for cyber criminals or hackers to access these pieces of information at ago. Information storage in the cloud, clearly, allows hackers to delete or alter all information in a person’s accounts. A case example is Mat Honan who hackers got into his email and iCloud account. The hackers erased all back up information in the Cloud, information in his Apple phone, and even deleted his Twitter account (Fogarty, 2012). The revelation of the illicit aff
Introduction Robert Nozick’s Entitlement theory detailed in Nozick’s book “Anarchy, State, and Utopia” is a theory that pertains to distributive justice and private property. The entitlement theory attempts to illustrate the justice in holdings which essentially tries to explain the action that can be taken on individually owned property when analyzed from a principle of justice (Hailwood 112). The Entitlement Theory of Justice is intended to submit an explanation of what justice necessitates in relation to property and is divided into three doctrines which are; the principle of justice in rectification, justice in acquisition and justice in transfer. The principle of justice in acquisition stipulates the various compulsory and mutually sufficient conditions that need to be satisfied in order for an individual to be converted into a justifiable holder of any entity which has not been owned in the past by any individual. The most important objects to which this principle is predestined to take account of are the portions of the Earth’s surface, which are the areas of land which have no previous owners. The principle of justice in transfer gives details as to the necessary action needed in order for an individual to acquire holdings from another; for instance the voluntary exchange and gifts so that holdings can change ownership in a justifiable approach. The final principle which is the principle of justice in rectification also known as the principle of rectification of injustice gives explanation as to how to deal with holdings that are u
Morality finds voice through minor characters. This is observable in case of both Les Miserables and The Kite Runner . The main theme of redemption is similar in both the concert Les Miserables and the novel The Kite Runner . Morality presides through the presence of minor characters – animate or inanimate. In case of the musical and the novel, it is reflected through minor, nondescript characters. Both Les Miserables and Kite Runner narrate the process of redemption, and that is through human deed (Llosa 101; Hayes 95). In this story of redemption, there is a constant presence of two characters, which stay away from the hubbub of the main plot and remain as a constant remainder of morality or conscience. These characters almost act as guiding angels who keep the mind of the main characters on the path to redemption. These characters are Bishop Myriel in Les Miserables and Rahim Khan in The Kite Runner. This essay discusses the way these two characters
“A Doubter Gives Lessons in Faith” by Gerald M. Fagin The idea that strikes me most in this article is the idea of learning for example Doubting Thomas. Initially perceived as a kind of negative character immersed in doubt, Thomas turns out to teach significant lessons of inclusion of doubt and question in religion, as well as the acquisition of faith through community (Fagin). I strongly agree that faith, however strong it might be, is inseparable from uncertainties. The latter mostly happen to people at times of helplessness against illness or other circumstances. These uncertainties give people an opportunity to feel that their core faith is still strong, and to make their faith even stronger. What remains unclear is where we ultimately get faith from. Does it come from within ourselves? Or does the community play a greater role in establishing our faith? Or does the mere contemplation of the omnipresent Lord instruct us on our way to faith? The article bears a direct relation to my life since it answers the question of doubting people’s experience in their faith. Rather than dismissing doubting as improper, the author proclaims it to be an integral part of faith. This relieves my uncertainty as to how I should treat moments of doubt when I experience them. A Speech Delivered by Cole Higgins at the March 18th Memorial Service Honoring the Life of 9th Grader Eugene Choi The most striking idea in the speech is the unique combination of weakness and strength in Eugene Choi. His friend sensed it when carrying Eugene on his shoulder and was thus inspired for not letting down the trust Eugene showed to his friends (Higgins). Demonstrating strength in difficult situations was the precious lesson Eugene taught to his friends. The paragraph that extremely appeals to me is the part where Cole addresses Eugene’s parents. Ensuring Dr. and Mrs. Choi that they would see the amazing qualities of their son live on further in his friends sounds indeed inspiring and supporting for the parents who are grieving for their only child. As Cole dwells on how difficult it was for other students when the perfect Eugene came to school, I wonder whether the teachers and parents really changed their attitude to them. Did they really judge the other students more strictly against the perfect example of Eugene? True friendship is something that I value very highly in my life. A friend for me is a committed person to rely upon at any time. In addition, I share Cole’s idea that it is worthwhile following our friends’ good examples and becoming better by acquiring the positive characteristics we see in our friends. C. S. Lewis Quotes The most interesting idea among Lewis’ quotes is the thought that one should aim high despite the possible difficulties since aiming low would lead to nowhere (Lewis). This claim supports ambitious people and shows that even if we cannot do everything we plan, it is better to have more plans and accomplish everything than have few plans and waste the time for nothing. I strongly agree with the idea that learning from experience is the best, although the hardest way of learning. We remember our own mistakes and
Clinical Assessment It is assumed that to carry out a consistent functional behavior assessment, one can rely on identifying and describing such aspects as motivating operations, individual variables, and consequence variables (Cooper, Heron & Howard, 2007). Therefore, assuming that one is determined to carry out a direct descriptive functional behavioral assessment of a client with a low-incidence behavior, it is suggested that the clinical context is represented by the natural environment, for example, at home. First and foremost, it allows applying a wide range of methods; secondly, it is especially useful in the case of assessing low-incidence behaviors (Steege & Watson, 2009). In the natural environment, it is possible to carry out several assessments. For example, in the particular case under discussion, one can apply scatterplot and descriptive assessments. The former implies recording the exact time at which the behavioral problem occurs as well as the associated activities that might determine its appearance. The natural environment is perfect for this type of assessment as it allows registering all the minor details that might potentially serve to be the clue to the behavioral disorder. The second type of assessment implies observing the client’s behavior about various variables and indicating the interfering factors that mainly affect the behavioral change. It is also critical to consider ethical concerns. Thus, one is obliged to ensure that the performed FBA is technically sound and does not switch from its principal aim – understanding the var
Globalisation has enabled companies to diversify their operations to countries different form their country of incorporation or origin. Managing of such companies may be through a central point, head office, or/and at the foreign country level. Multinationals should manage their resources, both physical and human, effectively so that they can gain from the advantage that attracted them in the foreign country. Human resources are the driving force of an organisation, thus they need to be well managed to develop an orchestrate team and tap their intellectual knowledge effectively. In MNCs, they are some experts imported from different countries to a country of operation to assist in different function. They may come for pre-establishment preparations like engineering and legal functions or may be involved in day-to-day management of a foreign branch at different levels. When an expert is deployed on a foreign mission, there is physical relocation of the expatriate, probably his or her family, and if the expatriate has a team of operation, they may go together. To ensure that the expatriate adjust effectively and fast, there are some human resources management strategic functions that need to be undertaken (Hampden-Turner and Trompenaars, 2000). This paper analyzes human resources actions multinational corporations (MNCs) should take to facilitate expatriates adjustment. Expatriates and multinationals On top of managing human resources generally, there is need to focus on expatriates to give them conducive environment to be assets of a company. The rate at which they adjust to new environment will determine how well their intellectual knowledge will be tapped. Their failure is very costly to an organisation thus they need to be given the right tools and supports to effectively perform. Failure of an expatriate is in two levels, when he underperforms or returns home without having completed the task. On the other hand, they are paid expensively, so a company needs to utilize them effectively. Multinationals are increasingly focusing on employees foreign assignments as a strategic human resources tactic. In multinationals, there are three methods of developing a team: flexpatriates, inpatriates and expatriates. Flexpatriates are employees with specific knowledge deployed on specific area for short period of time to set a pace in the area, for example employing computer engineers in a certain branch to make the initial connections. Using inpatriates involves developing of local talent and ensuring they meet the standard of the company. They may even be given exposure in other countries to develop the needed expertise (Bamber and Lansbury, 1998). Whether the management of an MNC is multi-domestic, global, transnational or international, the intervention of human resources management in ensuring a fast expatriate adjustment cannot be ignored. There are some basic functions that should be looked in when managing expatriates, they stem from preparation to orienting an expert back to country of origin. It is important to note that the factors that are likely to affect domestic workers like their career path, family ties, and the infl