ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Emphasis on Learning Memory is the power of the mind that enhances remembrance of facts. In the article, Artistic and Activist Memory-Work: Approaching Place-Based Practice , Karen E. Till fronts arguments expected to alter the thought process engaged in memory studies. She argues that individuals and groups need to understand their past and futures by relating to places. As opposed to limiting memories to sites-locations of historical significance, artists and activists bring to the fore poignant aspects of historical sites through photo albums, songs, stories, and an assortment of everyday objects. As such, they invite those in their immediate environment to imagine the happenings surrounding the subjects on display. Historical Sites The shortfall of this approach is that it leaves the person engaged in an indeterminate state after taking in the display image. There should be a mechanism transcending the emotions evoked. For instance, pictures depicting a war, a discourse on forgiveness and reconciliation between perpetrators and victims. The platform should not only resuscitate the painful events depicted in the pictures. It should initiate forums that discuss prevention of possible future occurrences, and assist the affected deal with their pain. There is an inclination to protect the sites that played host to the violence in societies that have experienced violence. These sites take into consideration the places of healing. Individuals pay visits to such sites to come to terms with grief, guilt and a sense of loss. They remind the society of its past and warn them of possible relapse to similar events if caution is not exercised. According to these sites that deserve respect, there is a danger of losing sight of the wrong they represent. There is a need to inform the society of the history represented by the sites and educate the masses on events leading to such occurrences. A New Dimension of Architecture Zumthor talks of finding the lost architecture. He talks of his mind drawing from past images of work and childhood. He forgets to embrace emerging forms of architecture that have a new dimension of moving away from the past. A painter can dip his brush in paint and splash a design on the wall just from the pattern of the hand to design a new dimension. The world is moving from past thinking to a more spontaneous and imaginary thinking. This aids application of a new computer technology. The trend is moving from the concrete world to a more imaginary world. It keeps people guessing on what the architect really means by a particular design. The design building bases on the truth rather than images created from nowhere. A splash of paint on a wall may create a design that may not represent any particular object or subject but shows creativity. Viewers are to fill in thoughts with all the possible answers on the design. This brings in a new d
The significance of a family as a building block of the community is enormous because it is important for each individuals to have a feeling of connection. Indeed, family shapes our attitude to morale, divorce, religion, and beliefs. It provides a deeper understanding of people’s future goals in life. While looking at the videos on family and faith, it is possible to construct the basic values that a human should pursue to become a moral and full-fledged member of society. At this point, understanding morally right beliefs and behavior should serve the basis for developing worldviews. Family relationships provide individuals with a meaning of parenting and upbringing through enhancing our religious commitment and faith. Increased awareness of the role of family’s ethnic heritage is important as well because it affects people’s attitude toward their cultural backgrounds. Finally, the ethnic and social values influence the religious responses of family members to social and cultural challenges. In the first video, much attention is given to the role of religion and faith in family life. In particular, traditional beliefs systems that family follows are premised on social environment in which it is placed. In fact, deep commitment to and faith in family’s power influences their interest in such aspects as social justice and belief systems. At this point, the majority of families realize that religious has always had a strong influence on them because members of society are regarded as future representatives of generation that should preserve family traditions. Certainly, the religion accepted in a family is likely to influence children’s future belief systems. Within this perspective, the fact that religious parents have a strong impact on their children’s choices is not always approved. However, children should not be under the pressure of parents’ preferences and stereotypes because there is greater probability that they would rebel. Imposing limitations on their choices does not contribute to children’s normal emotional and psychological development. Therefore, providing freedom in their actions is the best way for parents to control their children. The fact that ethnicity influences considerably family’s culture, values, and environment is undeniable. Therefore, such challenges as racial discrimination, inequality, and limited freedom are among the most serious ones that families from minority groups can face. In the video, there is much concern about the difficulties that African-American communities encounter due to the crisis of social and ethnical values. In fact, the historical past has a tangible imprint on black families who strive to lead a normal life. As a result of social and cultural pressure, African American communities also have problems with children’s upbringing who often lack communication skills. The majority of kids do not posses the sense of family belonging because of their ethnical ancestry. Nevertheless, the community should strive to reduce the consequenc
Each person’s behaviour and self-perceptions are significantly affected by the society he/she lives in. The positive role of the society in dictation of standards and norms is in the regulation of social relations and interactions. Nevertheless, the stereotypes imposed by society provoke contradictory outcomes. Some people may not even notice that gender and age stereotypes influence their everyday life choices and decisions. It some cases, the stereotypes and the attempts to comply with socially accepted norms interfere a person’s freedom of expression and create constraints in the achievement of professional and personal goals. Education plays one of the crucial roles in forming worldview and self-conscience of a young person. The traditional cultural artifacts implemented in the educational processes often become the means for transferring and implanting stereotypes in children’s minds. The expansion of social norms and perceptions is an up-to-date issue, and many professionals and amateurs contribute to the development of the alternative educational artifacts that are meant to reduce the gender and age-oriented approach towards education and science. The new cultural artifacts include social media resources, movies, internet video channels, magazines, blogs, etc. The object of the analysis in this research is the Tumblr blog “ The math kid ” containing the information regarding the mathematical tuition. The analytical methods will include the evaluation of the artifacts’ representation of childhood and adulthood images as well as the concepts of masculinity and femininity reflected in the blog. “ The Math Kid ” Analysis The social struggles over race, class, gender, and sexuality along with the cultural struggles are reflected in educational systems to a great extent (Apple, 2005, p.272). In many ways, education supports the stereotypical thinking regarding the issues of adulthood and childhood and gender identity. For example, the identification with a particular social status is interconnected with gender. “Society maintains a different set of normative roles for women and men, and requires of them different responsibilities and kinds of work” (Taylor, 2003, p. 300). The different normative roles in the society are also attributed to children and adults. The cultural and informational content in education is largely dependent on the students’ age and is related to the standards of behaviour and the assumed capabilities associated with childhood and maturity. The consideration of gender and age conceptions in schooling can be useful because it allows the students to un
Problem King Edgar NHS Hospitals Trust is contending with problems of financial deficit running into millions of dollars, the waiting list, congestions at the admissions ward, delayed discharges, and patient complaints. These problems have caught the attention of the media which has, in turn, relayed the situation to the public and the government. With the new national health council reform to reduce the waiting list to 3 months by 2008 and the awarding of stars to hospitals that perform well, before 2003, the King Edgar NHS Hospital was awarded one star which indicated that it was not performing well in its expected targets. With the King Edgar NHS Hospitals’ trust being cash-strapped, the trust board needs to come up with a solution to the problem if they are to meet their targets and those of the national health council. Finding a solution guarantees they receive full funding which they will be able to spend in addition to other associated advantages. Macro & Micro Level, Internal & External Factors Lack of enough resources in terms of finances, staffing and hospital equipment, wards and hospital policies are some of the internal factors that are facing the King Edgar NHS Hospitals’ trust. Lack of resources ties the hands of the board since it cannot be able to employ any more staff to help in the Accidents and emergency area, nor can they expand the hospital to allow more bed space for the waiting patients. With the restricted number of staff, working not only in the admission and discharge but also in the wards and the theater, they can only admit and discharge a limited number of patients at a given time (Olson 2001). Similarly, shortages in hospital equipment and beds mean that even after admission, the patient has to wait till there is a bed available for them. Considering that the hospital policies expect only the specialist physicians to make final decisions about discharge of patients. With the number of physicians decreasing while that of the patients in need of discharge increasing the hospital ends up hosting many patients who are in good health occupying beds because they have no one to discharge them. The case of March 2003 recorded the hospital having as many as 30% of the hospital being medically fit. According to Flash, Froehlich, Helgeson & Jensen (n.d.) the external factors include political influence, partners such as the social services, the media, and economic factors. Partners including the social services are responsible for the discharge of patients that have no family to take care of them. Their services are slow and thus increase the bed occupancy with patients that are stable medically. The tight regulations that the government has enforced through the national health services and strategic health authorities put pressure on the hospital to constantly perform. This pressure may lead to the misreporting by drafting extra physicians, nurses, and radiographers to explain how the hospital meets its targets. Health figures also showed that these targets might distort clinical priorities, where patients are sent home early just to have them rushed back to the hospital. TOWS Analysis It is a method of comparing ex
Psalm 23 and the Sermon the Mount are one of the most significant Biblical pieces known to mankind. Despite being widely known, their significance is different as their narrative comes from different perspectives at the same time with conveying different messages that have become the basis of the Christian religion. The setting of Psalm 23 takes place in two different spaces: the inner soul and the outside world. The notions that exist in the real world are the symbolical means of showing what the speaker experiences inside the soul. This is why the setting of the Psalm seems unrealistic because in some passages it goes straight to the world of symbols like the “valley of the shadow of death” and “the paths of righteousness” ( Psalm 23 , n.d., para. 1). The “valley of the shadow of death” is certainly the most significant and recognizable image in the poem. However, the last two lines offer a complete shift in the setting. The pastoral images are substituted by social images. Psalm 23 has two extended analogies: between God and a shepherd, and the speaker and a part of a flock. The point of these two metaphors is to show that God looks after his flock. Moreover, in ancient times, a profession of a shepherd was an important profession thus the metaphor was close to the audience. In the second line of Psalm 23, the “green pastures” symbolize nourishment as sheep feed themselves with grass. The “quiet waters” also refer to nourishment as well as peace. Thus, according to Psalm 23, God brings nourishment and peace to the soul of the speaker that is metaphorically compared
Introduction In America, the first case of what was later referred to as AIDS can be traced back to 1969, and since the number of people infected plus those who have already passed away has increased to more than a million. In the 80’s it was suspected to be a form of cancer that was caused by homosexuality and at that time it was referred to as gay cancer (HIV symptoms, 2011, pp1). In the whole world today, over thirty-four billion people are infected and others have already died. AIDS is believed to be an African disease this is because Africans are the leading in several infected people. Also in the Americas, African Americans are leading infected people. This is not true but the truth is that there are different types of HIV (HIV 1 and HIV2) HIV2 is most common in Africans and it is easily transmitted compared to HIV1. It also takes much more time to develop into Aids. This may be one of the reasons why Black people are the ones with the highest number of infected people. The prevention of the spread of HIV has been a great challenge since its discovery. This is because everyone is at risk of contracting the virus and there is no medicine has ever been invented that could cure it. Different methods of preventing its spread have been put into practice by different governments but all of them are limited and are usually faced with a lot of challenges, as we will see later in this article. Some of the challenges emerge from poverty, religion, ignorance, high levels of illiteracy, lack of funding overdependence on external funding, etc. This essay analyses the most effective methods of preventing the spread of HIV that several countries all over the world have put in place and succeeded. It also briefly discusses the statistical results that were recently released about the number of infected people and its trend in the US and other parts of the world. HIV/AIDS Statistics Recent statistics show that in the United States the number of people living with HIV and AIDS is higher among men than women. This is a result of the increase in gay sexuality, and bisexual men over the last ten years. Over 1.3 million Americans are infected with HIV (Including those living AIDS), men compose 74 % of these while the rest are women, (HIV Symptoms, 2011, pp 3). Approximately forty thousand people are diagnosed with HIV annually. Transmission through heterosexual sexual relations accounts for only 11% while bisexual and Gay sexuality accounts for 89%. Considering the transmission among the different American races African American top the list having 51% of the total 1.3 million, Whites (non-Hispanic) are the second accounting for 29%, followed by Latinos 18%, and the rest are from the other races including e.g. Asians (HIV Symptoms, 2011, pp 4). Infection among the young and unmarried people (youth) in the USA is lower than the old married people. This has changed with time since 15 years ago infection among the youth was higher than among the older population. This is a result
Regardless of the numerous attempts to create a humanistic society, violence still remains one of the ongoing issues that result in the emergence of multiple problems and conflicts. In his documentary, Jackson Katz also touches upon this very problem associating it with the concept of masculinity and men’s power. Evaluating racial, ethnic, and class factors, Katz comes to the conclusion that the background for the bursts of violence lies in the American culture and mentality that offer an outdated image of manhood while contemporary society is still unable to step aside and accept new ideas. (Katz, 2013). For this reason, in the majority of cases, masculinity is closely connected with aggressive actions and behaviors that are needed to demonstrate the dominant position and assert oneself. It constitutes a significant problem for contemporary society because of the deterioration of relations between genders and various social groups. In such a way, violence remains one of the critical aspects associated with men’s movement and gender stereotypes. However, Katz (2013) and Woods and Fixmer-Oraiz (2017) are sure that the problem is not only in males who adhere to the outdated stereotypes and behave in certain ways. There are also many cases of violence involving women which means that the core issue is that aggression remains one of the tools utilized in modern communities to achieve particular goals or defend a certain position. That is why a significant reduction of the level of violence can be attained via that reconsideration of the functioning of society and the elimination of stereotypes traditionally associated with masculinity and dominance. Altogether, aggressive behaviors remain one of the topical questions of the modern world as they make impossible the further development of humanistic ideas.
The intention of the study The study targeted to examine the relationship between alcohol consumption and accidents. The researchers wanted to understand the prevalence of drugs such as marijuana and alcohol in a huge sample of lethally injured drivers. The study examined how “drugged driving increases the number of grisly accidents today” (Brady and Li 104). This would support the idea of policy implementation. Was the study descriptive or inferential? This study is inferential because it begins by identifying the targeted population. The researchers targeted to examine the prevalence of drugs in a sample of drivers. The study focused on drivers involved in a fatal crash. The investigators used a statistical sample to test their hypotheses. The selected sample included fatally hurt drivers. The investigators used the inferential technique because they did not want to extend their findings to a larger population. They also used the inferential to make the best predictions about the targeted population (Brady and Li 106). What were the variables in the study? The researchers used different variables for their study. To begin with, the researchers grouped their population into two groups. The drivers were further grouped according to their race, driver type, time of the crash, level of intoxication, sex, race, gender, and age (Brady and Li 105). The other variables included the time of the crash, and fatalities reported after the accident. Other variables included the vehicle type and year of the crash. Description of the population and its characteristics The targeted population included drivers involved in fatal accidents. The population was from different backgrounds. The other unique characteristic was their involvement in a fatal road accident. The researchers performed drug testing on fatally harmed drivers (Brady and Li 106). Methods used to collect data The investigators used data from the country’s Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS). The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) collects and compiles this kind of data (Brady and Li 105). The collected data was analyzed using the best statistical methods. Statistical methods used to analyze the data (descriptive and inferential analysis techniques) The researchers used an inferential technique to analyze the collected data. The study tabulated the prevalence of drug use in injured drivers using drug class. The researchers used multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) and Poisson Regression. The scholars analyzed their data using Statistical Analysis Software, version 9.2, a
Introduction Music plays an integral role in society, owing to the positive, neutral, and negative emotions it evokes among different individuals. As such, music has the potential of evoking particular memories of experiences that are meaningful to an individual. Since memory is essential in enhancing an individual’s intellect, the integration of music technology in educational environments has the capability of enhancing the efficiency of learning experiences. Such incorporation of music in class may improve the capacity of learners to memorize what has already been taught to them. In this respect, different scholars have undertaken studies that seek to unearth the link between music and memory. The findings will help to find out whether the above claim concerning the link between music and memory holds true. This paper provides a summary of a few articles that address the influence of music on memory and learning. Sex Differences by Palmiero and Colleagues (2016) Palmiero, Nori, Rogolino, D’amico, and Piccardi (2016) authored the article “Sex differences in visuospatial and navigational working memory: The role of mood induced by background music”, which seeks to investigate the effects of music on men and women concerning their ability to remember. As such, the study purposed to test the differences in visuospatial abilities between men and women bearing in mind that the former is perceived to demonstrate greater memory capabilities compared to the latter As such, Palmiero et al. (2016) sought to base the visuospatial and navigational abilities of both genders by injecting the influence of background music. The study considered the influence of background music on the mood of both men and women. The research study considered the use of a sample population that was comprised of at least 144 participants involving an equal number of randomly sampled men and women. Palmiero et al. (2016) administered posi