ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Diversity in business, whether in service or good industry, assists a company in increasing its sales. When diversifying, it is important to analyze the new market that the company will be operating in to ensure that the diversification will be of assistance to the business. Financial consultancy is a current form of service business that is booming in most countries. When expanding, there is need to undertake an analysis of the country of venture and ensure that there is an opportunity worth to be exploited. Russia has great potential in financial consultancy services; despite this, there is need to analyze the prevailing condition of the country to evaluate whether a venture is viable or not (Solovyov, 2001). This paper gives an analysis of Russian potential in financial consultancy; it will evaluate, social, political, cultural and economic situation among other factors that can affect the business. Brief History of Russia Russia is a northern Eurasia country, which is officially referred to as Russian Federation. The country has 83 federals and runs a semi-presidential type of governance. It covers the largest land space on earth, which account to over a ninth of the total area; this makes it the largest country on earth with a surface of 17,075,400 sq kilometers (Thompson and Johnson, 1937). This large surface area also makes the country to be the recipient of the world largest non-exploited natural resources (See appendixes 2). In terms of population, according to census conducted on 2009, the country had approximately 143 million people making it the ninth populous country in the world (Zuckerman, 2005). Economic Situation The country has a capitalist system of economy with oil and petroleum gas as the most dominant products. It exports these products to different parts of the world and is the country’s largest foreign exchange earner. By GDP, it is the 12th largest country in the world and by purchasing power, it is the seventh. For the last ten years up to and including 2008, the county has had an economic growth rate of 7% per annum. According to the country’s poverty index, 13.7% of the Russian population lives below the poverty line. There is growth earning from employment where it has risen from $80 in 2000 to reach $640 in 2008 (this is the average monthly wage). The country has undergone a rapid economic development with an increase of 6% unemployment rate in 2007 from 13 in 1999. The economic growth is a major determinant in making decision on whether to make an investment in the country. Russia has highly modern developed infrastructures; these are both transport and those of communication. The systems ar
Introduction Nowadays, it is not an easy task to create a good marriage and keep it for a long period of time. Men, as well as women, get an access to a number of temptations. Sometimes, people are just not able to resist the possibilities they have and become the main begetters of their own mistakes and frustrations. Among the existing variety of mistakes and wrong decisions, infidelity is the main cause of a family disruption, divorce, and stress disorders. Infidelity is a serious issue for consideration due to the myths existing around and the inabilities to comprehend how to cope with the cases of infidelity and overcome possible stress disorders. Divorces, as well as stress disorders, may be caused by different reasons, still, the idea of infidelity is rather provocative as people themselves have a right to choose whether to cheat and break the vow like “till death do us part” or not; and the current paper discusses the aspects of infidelity, its myths, reasons, and outcomes, analyzes the impact of infidelity on the development of stress disorders, and explains how people can avoid infidelity and save their families. Definitions of Infidelity One of the strangest things about infidelity is that people may understand its essence in many different ways because of their own attitudes infidelity or because of the myths people create from time to time to try to justify their actions. For example, the Oxford Dictionaries (2015) explain infidelity as an action of being unfaithful to a spouse. In fact, this explanation seems to be too general as it provides a person with a chance to interpret the idea of faith in a family differently. Many researchers and philosophers have made the attempt to introduce their own identification of infidelity and offer their explanations. Brown (2013) indicates that infidelity is the act in which more than 55% of men and about 45% of women are involved. Stosny (2013) introduces infidelity as the act that presupposes lies, manipulations, stealing, or cheating separately or together and leads to divorce. In fact, the act of infidelity is everything that contradicts the principles of a successful marriage. Two people make a decision to spend the rest of their lives together, create their own vows, and swear to support each other under different circumstances. However, there are not many people, who can truly predict their future and be sure of the loyalty of the chosen spouse. This is why, unfortunately, the cases of infidelity are usual and understandable. Anyway, infidelity should be defined as an act of betrayal, either emotional or sexual, by one or both spouses that can or cannot be forgiven. People, who make a decision to break the vows given at the beginning of their marriages, should realize that their infidelities usually touch upon several people (parents, fellows, and even the lives
First stage: Identify the problem to be surveyed and set the target goals This aspect involves identifying the main objective that drives the need for the survey process. The problem should be realistic and related to a major discipline such as academic, business, scientific discoveries just to mention but a few. A theory concerning the stated problem is formulated. It is drawn from the reference materials available for different scholars and researchers in the discipline that the survey is being conducted (Zhang 2000). In addition, the theory formulated should provide some of the facts that are known about the problem. In this stage, some of the previous surveys are reviewed by analyzing the recorded data in order to understand the requirements and improvements to make in the current survey. When the review process is complete, research goals and possible hypotheses are formulated. The research goals enable the person conducting the survey to focus onto the main objective of the survey. Hypotheses can either be null or positive and the choice of either depends with the with the surveyor’s preference. In a survey process, a hypothesis shows the surveyors thoughts of the possible solution to the problem being surveyed. For example, in a survey case about “Engineering students and alcohol addiction”, a possible hypothesis statement can be; “Most Engineering students are alcoholic.” In the same survey, a possible goal would be to identify the possible reasons that make Most Engineering students alcoholic. Second stage: selecting survey method and the sampling technique The second step identifies the target population from where to draw the data from. A sample is taken to represent the model of a larger group. Sampling can take the form of either probabilistic or non-probabilistic. Probability sampling also referred to as random sampling entails selecting a member of a general population has a non-zero chance of selection for the survey sample. However, non-probability sampling entails drawing a person in such a way that is practically impossible to associate a probability of selection in a random method to the any of the selected member in the population. Probability sampling method is highly recommended because it contains a reduced risk of sampling error and the confidence level gained is higher than for non-probability sampling technique. In a real survey case, Pew Research Center conducted a survey on the U.S public by using telephone numbers as the criteria for selecting the population sample in a method branded as “Random digit dialling” (Borkan 2004). Borkan (2004) argued that the method ensured all modile or landline numbers had the same likelihood of inclusion in the sam
Upon considering the main characters in the short story “War” by Luigi Pirandello, I feel that I identify with the least is the mother of the boy being sent off to war. The most evident example of how I cannot really relate to this character is at the very beginning of the story with the line, “…for the war was taking away from her her only son…” (Pirandello). I am not a father, so I would not really be able to relate to having a child taken away by war, whether because of enlistment or death. The second example is another evident one being that I am not a woman. A mother’s relationship with her child is one that is different from any other kind of relationship. That child was carried around for nine months inside her body, and she gave that child life essentially. To have something that you nurtured for so long be put in danger must be very emotional. The final example is how the mother could not be satisfied with the thought that her son would be serving his country. I feel that this is a noble cause and would have little qualms about serving my country in war if it did benefit the nation. I would feel proud of it. By contrast, I can relate to the mother’s statement of “Then…is your son really dead?” (Pirandello) to the other passenger who was saying that his son served the country and the greater good of the nation. If I were a parent, I would probably be able to see more clearly her opinion that sending her only child away to a possible death was cruel to her. Justifying it by saying that he was part of something bigger does not lessen the amount of grief that she would feel as a parent losing a child. I am reminded of the adage that no child should die before their parents. I know if I were a father losing my son to a war, the pain would not be lessened by the thought that he served his country. This is happening every day with the soldiers fighting in Iraq and Afghanistan, so it is not unrealistic to think parents are suffering like this.
Introduction Though managing an organisation involves long-term thinking and careful consideration of the organisational dynamics, many corporations cannot handle untimely alterations of the business environment. This is because the global monetary crisis comes at an unprecedented time, making it difficult for some organisations to put their operations in a manner that helps them cope with such financial challenges. Despite the reality that financial challenges have hit global business operations in one way or the other, and at different times, the horizon at which the companies operate has not been so proactive (Gustavo, Michaely & Swaminathan 2002, p. 379). For instance, the corporate finance and agency problems have created monetary conflicts that exist between the management of the company and their stockholders, an issue that has really affected the decisions at the corporations (Gustavo, Michaely & Swaminathan 2002, p. 389). The conflicts are relevant to corporate finance since the managers of the company, who are meant to act for the best interest of the shareholders, often fail to do so as expected of them. These managers, who act as agents of the shareholders,
Vehicle use in the contemporary world   * Rapidly growing use of vehicles due to higher importance of transportation and communications due to complex logistics and supply chains.   * Increasing popularity of travelling as a hobby and a business necessity.   * Globalisation leading to the need for quicker results on the long distances. The factors mentioned above lead to the growth of popularity of motor vehicles for people of all classes and statuses. Besides, the average time the contemporary individuals spend driving is also increasing. As a result, the modern operators pay more careful attention to the quality of the vehicles and the level of control they are able to provide for the drivers. Vehicle quality   * Vehicle seat quality influences:       + Comfort of the driver;       + Physical fatigue (may lead to exhaustion and loss of focus);       + Safety (increases the chance of accidents and aggravates their outcomes);       + Health (may cause injuries of spine, neck, lumbar, pelvis).   * Affected individuals:       + Professional drivers (delivery workers, cabmen, transportation employees, long distance lorry drivers);       + Travelers who spend multiple hours driving;       + People with higher needs for comfort (pregnant women, elderly people, individuals with various health conditions). The effects caused by driving a vehicle with low quality seat which maintains heavy levels of vibration affect the operators that spend a lot of time driving. The longer one spends at the wheel, the worse the effects are. Negative impact of vibration while driving are often overlooked, yet, they create serious health problems for the vehicle operators causing acceleration and displacement of various body parts, aggravating fatigue from driving and leading to fast exhaustion. Appearance and effects of vibration   * The imperfections of the road interact with the car.   * The vibration of the car spreads to the driver’s seat.   * In case if the seat is not designed to damp the vibration, it affects the whole body of the vehicle operator.   * Constant vibration negatively impacts vertebra of the neck, leads to muscle tension, the need for constant body adjustment, spine deterioration. Specially designed car seat suspension:   * Will have more appropriate mass to resist vibration.   * Will respond to the vibration.   * Reduce the major portion of it.   * Will damp head acceleration.   * Allow more comfortable driving. Many contemporary drivers are used to the feeling of vibration, so it often is unnoticed, but the serious negative impacts it is able to produce on the human body are scientifically proved. This way, the contemporary drivers are in need for a new design of a se
Modern technologies are developing at an incredible speed, and this process is accelerating over time. New achievements related to information and electronics are affecting all areas of human life. For instance, they are used in everyday activities of people, business, trade, and science. In particular, the use of modern technology has a significant impact on the military sphere. Researchers state that “leaders say they are looking for a new approach to data, one that breaks down siloes while maintaining security” (Stone, 2020, p. 1). Thus, this issue is one of the vital among these people now. ISR (Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance) is one of the most important methods of data collection, and with the development of technology, the capabilities of these systems increase. Undoubtedly, this affects the quality of intelligence and tracking, allowing people to get more data and have more opportunities for their analysis (Arrigo, 2016). However, one of the main problems associated with ISRs is their diversity. Different military organizations within the same country use different ISR systems, which can lead to misunderstandings and errors (Leadership perspective: Managing intelligence, Surveillance & Reconnaissance (ISR) integration, 2020). This situation may turn out to be critical; therefore, it is necessary to understand whether it is worth developing a particular system for all these organizations and introducing it everywhere. On the one hand, it is necessary to be fully aware of the adverse effects of an excessive number of ISR systems. The main problem is that military organizations must work together within the framework of one paradigm since, for instance, in case of an emergency, they will need to exchange information. However, when using different ISR systems, data transfer will become a much more time-consuming process. There is a possibility that one of the parties will not even be able to use them due to the inappropriate format. This means that the communication process will be disrupted, and there will be no opportunity to bring it back to normal quickly. The state should not allow such difficulties in emergencies. On the other hand, functioning within the framework of a single ISR system will make the data exchange process quick and convenient. This can have a significant positive effect on the military sphere, as professionals in this field will be able to spend resources on more critical issues. Researchers state that professionals should “ensure the development of an institutional culture imbued with a deep expertise in intelligence and national security” (Richelson, 2018, p. 38). Mo
Political Stability At the present, the country’s political infrastructure can be considered relatively stable given that there have not been any significant amounts of civil unrest as seen in the case of Greece and Syria. Unfortunately there has been a growing level of discontent within the country over the increasing disparity between the rich and poor and the fact that no effective solution to jobless rate has been presented by the government. As such, this creates a potential powder keg situation within Spain that has the potential to erupt within the next few months. Economic Conditions An examination of the economic conditions of Spain reveals that the entire country is currently within a financial recession that has been brought about through a combination of the current European debt crisis which has created a region wide economic contraction as well as a recent local real estate bubble burst which has severely crippled the Spanish economy. The end result has increased the unemployment rate of Spain to 25% with little, if any, economic recovery in sight due to lackluster demand for goods locally as well as a waning global economy that has been impacted by a lack of consumer demand on the part of the U.S. as well as a slowdown in China’s manufacturing growth (Martin-Moreno, Perez, & Ruiz, 2012). What you have to understand is that if a large percentage of the population is unemployed this would also affect localized demand since fewer people have extra money to spend on what can be defined as “luxuries” (Martin-Moreno, Perez, & Ruiz, 2012). Finance Options Available One of the current finance options available within Spain for the establishment of Coca Cola within the country is the use of bank loans or various types of bank financing in order to pay for aspects related to import and storage costs, employee salaries as well as various marketing peripherals. It is rather unfortunate to note though that due to both the debt crisis and the recent real estate bubble burst, banks within the country have been reluctant to lend money to all levels of business whether it is a well established large enterprise or small to medium scale companies (Martin-Moreno, Perez, & Ruiz, 2012). While it may be true that it is always possible to find external sources of finance from other countries, the fact remains that the ability of local merchandisers to actually pay for the product must be taken into consideration. Reference Martin-Moreno, J., Perez, R., & Ruiz, J. (20
Constructit Profile Constructit Company has an approximate of 1000 workers ranging from 26 to 42 years old. Many workers in the Constructit are married, and some have extended families. Castor Collins insurance would consider offering beneficial coverage for employees’ spouses and children during its calculations of the premiums. Constructit approached Collins for health insurance with a premium payment of $4000 per person per annum. 32% of the workers are physically healthy, according to their personal profiles. 43% of the remaining workers are at risk of developing obesity and arthritis due to involvement of sedentary activities in the company. Castor is willing to offer a couple of plans to Constructit employees in order to choose a plan that will offer maximum services. The first plan is Castor Standard, which covers all health incidentals, but not any preexisting conditions. Castor Enhanced is the second plan, which covers all health incidentals including preexisting conditions. E-editor Profile E-editor is a company that has an approximate 1600 employees who will pay $4,500 annually. Comparing E-editor with Constructit Company, the workers in E-editor have a higher sedentary lifestyle than Constructit due to high usage of computers. More than 95% of the workers in this company use computers and have a high likelihood of developing eye-related illnesses. Lack or little exercise of employees in E-editor, result in developing obesity, high cholesterol levels, and stress related illnesses. Castor Collins Health Insurance Company is also willing to offer two health plans to the employees of E-editor that fit their demands. The selection method of the health plan depends on the risk factors predisposed to the employees, and premiums each employee is willing to pay. In January 2006, employees of E-editor did not have any health insurance coverage; hence they were liable to apply for Castor Standard or Castor Enhanced. Compare Plans Changes to the Castor health insurance strategy result in the development of the Castor Enhanced Minor, which is most appropriate for the E-editor employees. The workers at E-editor have low, and few predisposing risks. The Castor Enhanced Minor has an advantage of covering preexisting health conditions under low service utilization. Some E-editor employees with sedentary illnesses have a high likelihood of enrolling to Castor Enhanced, which offers a wide coverage of preexisting and current health conditions. Constructit Company has a diverse category of employees hence the two Castor health plans are applicable to the workers. The workers in the late twenties’ have an opportunity of enrolling to Castor Standard and later in the early forties’ they can enroll in Castor Enhanced that has high premium rates paid annually. Castor Standar