ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The article under the title “The Bureaucrat’s Indian” by Daniel Francis gives information about Canadian Indian policy. On the whole, it tackles some issues concerning official policy aimed at the “civilization” of Indians. The paragraph under analysis presents important information about the establishment of democratic self-government among Native people as one of the measures of creation of “civilized” society among the native people (Francis 205). The very formulation of the first idea of the paragraph arouses interest of a reader. Is it possible to impose democratic self-government? Probably the words “democracy” and “to impose” have the opposite meaning. If the government is imposed, it presupposes some shade of violence and oppression already. Thus, the author wants to show the futility and impropriety of the activity of the Whites towards the indigenous population. In fact, the statement about the ability to manage elected institutions that are considered to be a hallmark of a civilized society also arouses irritation. Civilization is rather a subjective notion; it may be interpreted as the state in which human rights are not oppressed and the state of society that guarantees the comfortable existence of the citizens. It should not be reduced to management of elected institutions; this point of view is too limited and too bureaucratized. Further, the paragraph suggests the idea that band members have to elect special officials who would be granted certain authority. However, this right has little in common with freedom and democracy. In fact, this limited authority over local affairs simply means that the imitation of democratic self-government was going to be created. It was something like artificial self-government that bore resemblance to a child play. Probably, this was just a means of deluding the Natives creating the impression of democracy, which was tyranny in reality. Actually, the statement about the right of the Indian Department to interfere in the activity of the band proves the above-mentioned ideas. If somebody has a right to control the activity of the government, the presence of democracy may be questioned. The paragraph under analysis also stresses the importance of the strategy adopted by the government towards Native people. The author makes use of the idiom “part and parcel”, thus drawing a reader’s attention to importance of this element of assimilation of Native people. Besides, the word “agenda” stresses the seriousness of the intentions of the government. This special attention to the issue of “democracy” is disclosed in the last sentence of the paragraph, where Francis explains the real reason why all the pains are taken by the government: federal officials simply want to destroy the existing form of government, the one they cannot control. On the whole, the paragraph presents short explanation of the oppressive tactics of the government against the Indians. Though the information given is rather concise, it initiates a reader into the situation. It becomes clear that the adoption of “de
Introduction In the modern history source book, Thomas Macauley talks about the reign of Thomas Cromwell’s during his tenure as a commissioner of the army. Macauley’s presentation is in the form of an essay in which he argues and analyses historical events that transpired when Cromwell was in power. This review circulates around the arguments and evaluates the quality of Macauley’s writing with a keen focus on the weaknesses of the story (Macauley. 1880). Summary This section is made up of Macauley’s narration on how Cromwell established and controlled his army. Macauley starts his story by stating the kind of parliaments in existence. He further describes the kind of men who are in power and the diverse moral grounds on which they base their leadership. He says that those men were in an independent religion. Macauley further describes Oliver Cromwell’s achievements. He says that Cromwell was more than forty years old when he agreed to become one of the commissioners in the parliamentary army. Cromwell is the center of attention when his party becomes powerful. This is depicted when he noticed the weaknesses and strengths of royalists and came up with strategies to counter them. He redesigned his army and recruited God fearing members for public liberty. The writer says that Cromwell’s ability came to surface in the year 1644 in Essex’s southern region where he became a victor. He managed to head an entire army and dismissed Essex from power. Moreover, Macauley terms Cromwell’s army as a different breed from Essex soldiers. Macauley further narrates that soldiers who are supposed to form army parliaments should be at liberty to make resolutions for the states. Thus, becoming the most fearful and worst force in the region. “Cromwell’s army had some level of morality and God’s fear that encompassed all the ranks,” says the writer. He continues to say that there were no visible oaths, neither drinking of alcohol, adultery nor gambling in their camps. The only observed weakness in Cromwell’s leadership was the act of restraining his army from invading pulpits owned by ministers in cathedrals. Evaluation This part is made up of an evaluation of the writer’s story. Macauley narrates about ancient leadership in Europe that revolves around Cromwell Oliver. He describes all the events that led to Cromwell’s rise and his entire reign. Moreover, the writer points out the most crucial activities that took place in during Cromwell’s leadership. Macauley is biased in his story. It is obvious that any legend that happened to lead a people must have a fall. Cromwell’s success dominates the story as the writer does not state how his reign came to an end. In addition, there are many leaders in the story other than Cromwell, but there is no point where the writer states how these leaders challenged Cromwell in wars. He only explains how Cromwell defeated them (Macauley. 1880). Finally, Macauley is too verbose and technical in writing. This makes it difficult for an average reader to comprehend. For instance, he states, “The ecclesiastical polity of the kingdom was remodeled” (p.90). This statement has a technical term thus it
Introduction August 1939 is not the most successful period for the Japanese Empire because of several reasons. First, from the end of 1938, the country observes a serious deterioration in Anglo-Japanese relations (Best 61). Besides, the relations between the Soviet Union and Japan have been spoiled considerably and resulted in a small war on the Manchurian and Mongolian border that began in May 1939 (Perez 283). Regarding these events, it is hard to neglect the fact the Japanese Empire is not in its best situation. A number of threats could be observed, and several decisions should be made to try to change the situation. In this paper, stakeholders, PESTEL, and SWOT analyses will be offered to clarify the historical trajectories of the country, evaluate the current foreign affairs, and explain what can be recommended to Japan at the moment of August 1939. Key Historical Trajectories In 1936, the Soviet Union and Mongolia signed the Protocol according to which the Soviet Union could place its army on the Mongolian territory. It was a kind of mutual help act that promoted economic and political freedoms. It seemed like the Soviet Union wanted to meet its goal and get the required territory to create a powerful opposition to Japan and its expansion in Manchuria and Inner Mongolia (Kotkin & Elleman 118). The intentions to enlarge the territories and prove its abilities made Japan begin a kind of indecisive fight in summer 1938 when the Japanese troops occupied a small territory of Lake Khasan (Stone 190). Though it was not a serious step, the territory was the border of three significant countries (Korea, China, and the Soviet Union) with the Pacific Coast. During the next two weeks, the conflict between Japan and the Soviets took place and ended with the victory of the USSR. The situation could stay as it was at that moment. Still, at the beginning of 1939
Introduction The role of leaders in healthcare service provision remains a critical factor in determining the levels of efficacy that can be attained in achieving work objectives and managing emerging trends. Researchers indicate that the fast changing demands of the society towards getting better health services are based on emerging models. There is also a clear balance between customer value, staff competency, skills, organizational objectives, strategies and technological consideration. The latter ought to be attained because it is critical in determining how effective an organization can operate (Valdmanis, Rosko & Mutter, 2008). Based on this consideration, this paper explores the role of training and technological transfers in Tufts Medical Center under the leadership of Aly Landry. Training aids in curbing the negative impacts of emerging trends by preparing and equipping staff with adequate knowledge. A brief background of Tufts Medical Center Tufts Medical Centre is a biomedical research and medical institution located at the centre of Boston Theatre District. The hospital was founded as a training institution in 1796 and has since grown into a full time adult and children hospital with a maternity service, pediatric facility and an operating trauma center (Tufts Medical Center, 2013). Besides, the institution is a major learning center for Medical students at Tufts University School of Medicine (Tufts Medical Center, 2013). It is important to note that leadership under the department of training at Tufts has been keen in offering training that meets with the current technological and patient care demands. Training and technology transfer department at Tufts Medical Centre Training is one of the best platforms that the management in this hospital has embarked on in order to generate high levels of performance and technological know-how. The training department has been playing a very essential role of producing competent workers thus linking the organization with its vision, objective and goals. Aly Landry is the manager in the helm of training of Tufts Medical Center. He has a wide experience in this field of operation. He has worked in the hospital since 2002. He started as a senior human resource coordinator whereby he handled hiring, reference assessment and candidate screening (Tufts Medical Center, 2013). He was made a training specialist in 2007 and charged with responsibilities that include administration and training for all core system users, senior management and the hospital management (Tufts Medical Center, 20
Introduction Ugaritic myths of Anat and Baal have been discussed in a number of texts, one of them being Ras Sharma, which is considered a vibrant and dynamic prehistoric Semitic divinity. In particularly, goddess Anat is of interest to many scholars wishing to explore the relationship between humanity and the supernatural world in the ancient culture. Based on this, a number of studies focus on explaining the character of the goddess, as some scholars are interested in understanding her role in the ancient society. Scholars utilize varied methodologies in comprehending the myths of Ugaritic implying that these methodologies play a critical role in the understanding of human relations in various perspectives (Gibson & Driver 2004, p. 112). Neal is one of the scholars who have engaged in extensive research to unearth the nature and functions of Anat in the ancient Canaanite religion. Neal examines the available mythological texts to establish the role of Anat and Baal in the traditional religions of Egypt. It is established that Anat occurs in a number of forms in Ugaritic, Hebrew, Akkadian, and Egyptian communities, but the meaning seems to be the same. Studies show that Anat was the goddess of productiveness, sexual adoration, hunting, and warfare. This paper specifically talks about the Ugaritic myths of Anat and Baal, with particular emphasis on the personality of Anat and her nature pertaining to the relationship with Baal. Finally, the paper discusses some of the ways through which myths that involve Anat and Baal can perhaps be interpreted (Cornelius 2004, p. 45). Character of Anat As already mentioned in the introduction section, a number of scholars, including Neal, utilize mythological texts to describe the nature of Anat and Baal. Such scholars employ a comparative analysis whereby various religious goddesses are contrasted to Anat and Baal to offer a comprehensive debate on the prehistoric concepts, particularly regarding the nature of gods and goddesses. Through this, scholars develop a hypothesis of personality that is effectively employed in developing a feminist perspective that breaks from the old system, which only favoured Goddess. One of the basic features of Anat is that she bases her origin on the tablets excavated at Ras Sharma that was centred at the ancient Ugarit society. These texts existed during the Late Bronze Age, which were later destroyed in c. 1200. Even though the texts were destroyed, they had been inscribed on the clay tablets meaning that they could not easily be damaged (Kapelrud 1969, p. 23). The languages used in the writing of the tests include syllabic cuneiform writing of Akkadian, as well as the alphabetic cuneiform writing of the native language of Ugaritic, which was an early West Semitic language. Anat is mainly known from the Para legendary, formal procedure, and sacrificial texts, particularly from the mythical texts. The Baal Cycle and the Aghat are the most known legendary texts that present Anat as the most feared goddess. Apart from being an influential figure in anc
Don Thompson is a famous economist who taught at London School of Economics and Harvard Business School. He is not a critic and frankly does not concern himself with the meaning of art. Thompson judges everything from the standpoint of economic value, which has been the ground for critique among other people. Nonetheless, in his books, he manages to answer the questions that swirl in many people’s heads, “why does a soap pad cost $3 million and who in the right state of mind buys it?” He has conducted a great study of inner mechanics of the world of modern art highlighting its key features, which is one of the strongest achievements of the author. The book under review is a continuation of The $12 Million Stuffed Shark where the author explains what modern art is by introducing the reader to the process of creating an artwork meticulously describing it from the concept stage to exhibition and sale. In The Supermodel and the Brillo Box , Thompson focuses on the crisis of 2008 that made the art market and its key players such as dealers, auction houses, and collectors change their operational strategies and the emergence of new markets around the world. He also narrates about the increase of competition among auction houses such as Christie’s’ and Sotheby’s due to the emergence of new players. Valuable Insights According to Thompson, the key attribute of creating an artwork that would yield a sizable profit is creating a solid story behind it. He also pinpoints one of the main aspects that always dominated the art market trends – the authority of key players. Basically, Thompson argues that if Gagosian or Saatchi buy a particular artist’s work, he or she is most likely to become successful. The wooden box that took a few dollars to create can be sold for $3 million because those people believe and reassure others that it costs that much. The people who buy it show the world that they are successful on the whole new level. Standard market principles that determine the price such as prime cost or added value do not work with paintings or installations, which makes the world of art dealings one of the least transparent and opaque. I generally agree with Thompson that when art becomes an item of trade, it seems to fall under the regulation of the market. The principles that rule the market are aimed at getting value out of every object, which negates the meaning of art as something that creates, rethinks, directs and contributes to culture. The recession of the art market in 2008, which the author de
Company Overview and Benchmarking Quick 2 Serve is a company that operates within the hospitality industry, and specializes in hot foodstuffs, beverages and offers lodging services. It was launched in 2008 starting its operations as a small scale restaurant in New York, but has since increased in size opening three new branches within the city. Some of the offered products and services offered by the restaurant include the following:  1. Solid foods: Noodles, rice meals, pastas, pies etc.  2. Liquid foods: Hot beverages such as tea, coffee, soups, chocolate etc.  3. Lodging services. There should be specific codes of conduct that must be followed for the business to operate without daunting problems. In this section, the author provides a critic for codes of conduct of similar companies that include McDonalds, Darden, as well as Marriot Restaurants. McDonalds Restaurant McDonald restaurant has a well defined code of conduct that covers both their suppliers and employees. For example, it specifies that all employees deserve to be handled with dignity and respect, and all parties should always be ethical, truthful and dependable when offering their services ( McDonalds, 2010). Darden Restaurant Darden’s has a well stipulated code of conduct that touches several areas such as conflict of interest, corporate opportunities, confidentiality, fair dealing, and compliance with various laws among others. It is strictly prohibited for the employees to have conflicting interest with the company, disclose confidential information about the company, or fail to adhere to the governing laws ( Darden, 2011). Marriott International Marriott international fosters its tradition of integrity that is guided by strict values of conduct. These include accuracy, honesty, and fairness; deterrence from illegal behavior; abiding by the law; realizing the repercussions of one’s actions; being trustworthy, maintaining dignity and respect, as well as working for the benefit of the community ( Marriott, 2011). In all the scenarios, employees are expected to follow the codes of conduct in order to avoid facing disciplinary actions of risk being loosing employment. Ethical Challenges and Codes of Conduct Since Quick 2 Serve provides foodstuff and offers lodging facilities, it falls under the hospitality industry; hence, there exist several ethical challenges that may affect the business. Some of these challenges include the problems associated with the implementation of a rewarding scheme, supervisor authority, as well as reporting of unethical behavior. However, the following codes of contact will be employed in order to maintain a high level of efficiency and productivity for the organization:  1. Integrity, Honesty, and Fairness: Employees should serve with integrity, honesty and fairness.  2. Conflict of Interest: Employees must deter from having conflictin
Thomas Hobbes was a philosopher in English and is today known for his political philosophical work. His most popular book which created political philosophy foundation for him in the West was Leviathan – published in the year 1651. Hobbes main perspective in the book was social contract theory. Hobbes lived from1588 to 1679 and during his lifetime created a great impact on people with his political philosophy and views. This paper mainly compares the relationship between Thomas Hobbes as an individual, faith and the society apparent in his two major works from the early 17 th century- Human Nature (1650) and Leviathan (1651). The nature of the individual Thomas Hobbes was born in a poor family with no riches, supremacy or influence. He was the son of village vicar who was disgraced by the world. Hobbes however was lucky enough to go to school by the help of his wealthy uncle who funded his education. Hobbes intellectual abilities were developed and recognized after going through systematic teaching in Latin and Greek classics. His intellectual talents managed to see him through to Oxford University and later on through the use of common sense and mature personality, Hobbes got the chance to tutor Cavendishes a young man from a noble family in England. Hobbes managed to come close to power because of his practical and intellectual abilities showing clearly the nature of person he was as an individual. We can say that he was a persistent man who never gave up easily and that is why he managed to reach far. Later on, his hard work enabled him to become a math tutor to King Charles II. This however did not make Hobbes a dominant person, it destined that he was definitely susceptible and aware of power. Hobbes managed to overcome all the political and social havocs that affected his life and which were the major things that shaped the way he was thinking. These factors did not hinder his intellectual growth. This shows how ordinary Hobbes was, he did not allow the surrounding affect his growth despite the fact that it affected his thoughts. Being a tutor shaped his writing and reading scope which finally enabled him to become the best publisher in Europe. While he was a tutor, he managed to get in contact with great and noble English intellectuals of his time like Francis Bacon. He also managed to learn a lot in France while he was in exile something he imposed after political and social havocs became great. Hobbes rising reputation as a scholar and as a scienti