ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction This is a marketing communication brief for ‘Marcomms Suppliers/Service Providers’ on a brand new product that aims at competing with the market leaders in the world of bathing soaps and detergents. Apart from highlighting the benefits that are certain to be realized through every bit of this strategic intervention, the brief is based on establishing the most relevant communications that will definitely help the product achieve the intended corporate objectives in the market. In this communication brief, objectives have been implemented through strategic focus and planning only to be strengthened and brought forward through the best perceived communication strategies. Marketing communication plays a critical role in brand development and a briefing which has been made to reach all major contacts in business are most likely to bear the right message on any product in the market (Brown and Hayes 2008). All the basic fundamentals of a perfect communication strategy are applied in this brief to achieve the right strategic message of the new brand to the desired target audiences. This being a ground-up brand development project would aim at establishing a strong starting point that involves all marketing strategies in the book, to make it easy for relevant players in the business channel to take the brand across-the-board. The 8 credos discussed in Morgan’s book, ‘Eating the Big Fish’ are applied in this brief as profound ideas to give the new product the qualities of a challenger brand, thus helping to establish an emotional relationship between the product’s manufacturers and the consumers. Executive Summary Description of the Product This is a communication brief aimed at marketing a new brand by the cosmetics giant, Sizzling International Ltd, widely reputed for their exclusive body and health care products. The Monalisa Soap, which is the latest release of the company, was launched towards the end of last year and it is yet to make a venture in the market. The main aim of this intervention is to establish the right communication strategy that would help in publicity of the product. The main target audiences for this intervention would be the core links that exist between the producer and the end-users. This intervention also aims in motivating the target users to make use of the new soap product and try to convince them into accepting the brand as the preferred choice as far as their body hygiene is concerned. What makes Monalisa soap exclusive compared to other rival products is the fact that, it comes at a fair cost regardless of it containing nearly all qualities associated with the best bathing soaps that have ever been produced anywhere in this world. Product’s Market Position Sizzling International Ltd is a household name when it comes to Cosmetic Products and this gives the new product a strong marketing platform among its competitors. The main target market for this product would include the shareholders in the business, marketers of the product across all commercial segments and the overall cons
The study of objects that people regularly throw away can be of some interest to sociologists, historians, and even archeologists who may study the life of a certain community. In this way, one can better understand the lifestyles of people, their socioeconomic status, and their values. The goal of this paper is to show how this information can be derived and what kind of assumptions can be made. On the whole, it is possible to say that this approach can help researchers to make some conjectures about the life of the community and separate individuals. Nevertheless, these conjectures should be verified with the help of other research techniques, and they cannot be taken for granted. These are the main aspects that be singled out. First of all, by studying the refuse, researchers can better understand the purchasing power of separate individuals and households. It should be noted that relatively similar products may have different prices, and they can be designed for people who represent different social classes. This argument is relevant if one speaks about clothing, food, alcoholic beverages, and many other items that can vary in prices. This is why by looking at the packaging that a person can dispose of, one can make predictions about his/her socioeconomic status. Furthermore, this approach is useful for determining the lifestyles of people. For example, if the refuse contains many bottles of alcoholic beverages, one can say that this individual does not lead a healthy lifestyle. Nevertheless, this is only an assumption that required additional verification. The problem is that one cannot always determine whether the litter belongs to the same individual or not. This is one of the limitations that should be considered. There are cases when one can determine whether the refuse was disposed of by a family, including several individuals or by a single household. For instance, one can sometimes detect the bottles of baby food in the refuse. Thus, it is possible to assume that a household includes a child and a parent or a legal guardian. However, in most cases, one cannot accurately estimate the number of people within a household judging only from the refuse. Such assumptions can be very far-fetched. This is one of the details that should not be overlooked. Additionally, the study of litter can give people a better idea about the political and economic system developed in a particular country. For instance, a researcher can detect that similar products can be sold by different manufacturers. As a rule, this information can be derived through the examination of bottles and packaging. Thus, one can make a conjecture that economic competit
Getting a deeper insight in the sphere of finance and accounting in healthcare organizations I have found out much new, interesting and important that will help me become a qualified specialist in the sphere. All central concepts are basically essential for understanding the comprehensive picture of how financial and managerial accounting takes place in healthcare organizations, how financial data is processed and utilized and what way it passes in order to be utilized. However, the concept that became centrally important for me and caught my precise attention became the one of benchmarking. Benchmarks are commonly recognized as: “An organization’s ratios can be compared to ratios for the same organization from prior years and to ratios of a specific competitor and to ratios for the entire industry” (Finkler and Ward, 2003). As one can see from the definition, it is clear that the process of benchmarking helps the medical institution keep track with the newest achievements of the whole medical field, observe the best practices in other hospitals and take some improvements into practice in the continuous effort of improving quality of rendering medical services on a multi-level basis. There should be specifically trained professionals in every hospital that should conduct benchmarking activities and submit reports with relevant financial, manufacturing, accounting and other data that may help upgrade the certification level of the hospital, attract more investors and satisfy stakeholders. Benchmarking is widely recognized as a progressive means of an industry’s assessment that is likely to show the sectors needing improvement, weak and strong sides of an institution as well as to outline the ways to eliminate drawbacks and raise the competitive advantage of the medical institution in the field. In general, the process of benchmarking involves gathering information on certain chosen spheres of the hospital’s functioning for further comparison of received indicators. Appointed representatives come to an institution on receiving the preliminary agreement from the partner they want to benchmark and make observations for further analysis (in some cases there may be no direct contact but the benchmarking specialists may receive increased access to relevant data about the hospital and conduct purely theoretical research). However, in this sphere one should keep an eye open for personal bias as this is the main enemy of high quality benchmarking results: “True benchmarking requires keeping an open mind as well as working hard to minimize defensive thinking. In far too many cases, supported benchmarking trips result only in ‘feel good’ exercises where a team returns convinced of its own superiority. It is clearly faulty”
Going Inc. is known for its slogan, “ Nothing comes close to Going ” (MyCampus 2010). Since Going Inc. launched itself three years ago, it has become a favorite for those who want to avail of a ‘branded’ premier, private and customized airplane provider. The planes were developed with a specific niche audience as target as the planes have been built with a first class look and a luxurious interior and exterior, like Lexus, Eddie Bauer and Sony has been designed by the manufacturing division. The manufacturing division has been rolling out 15 planes a month, which are small and exclusive, meant for private use and with the best in power and speed in its class. However, certain problems have arisen with the skyrocketing demand for these ‘niche’ planes, which had not been anticipated by the company (Yasin 2007). The current requirement for the Bezna model of Going Inc. is about a 100 planes a month whereas the company’s production capacity is a mere 15 planes a month. Let us study the production planning and capacity of the management division of Going Inc. The company needs to produce high quality Bezna models with a high flexibility rating with a lead- time of 11 weeks instead of the 16 weeks that is now being offered to customers for providing planes that provide medium levels of quality and flexibility. The overhead cost of manufacture also needs to be lesser that it is now. If we study the production statistics per month, we find that the least number of planes made in each month is 10 in 2004, as opposed to a mere 4-8 units in 2002 and the maximum number of planes produced are 14, that too, only in the months of July and October, 2004. Considering it with the sales orders, we find that the demand of units was 5-10 in 2002 but it has drastically increased in 2003-2004, with the demand shooting up to 16 units in 2003 and 18-21 units per month in 2004, thus causing a deficit of 6-11 units per month in production capacity especially in the months of August, October, November and December, when the demand is the highest and the productions comparatively low. The current backlog of total production yearly is at a 100 planes. Going Inc. basically designs planes that have a 1000mile range and that has three base models, to be customized on request. The production deficit can be lessened by strategic production planning. The targets have to be made at least 15-20 planes per month and more skilled workers should be brought in, especially in high- demand holiday seasons, like October to December. The company has a history of labor problems and conflicts. A convincing HR manager to talk to the unions should be hired, the salaries of the employees should be increased according to efficiency and more up-to- date training programs and workshops should be organized for them so that they should learn more about speed and efficiency techniques in the production of Bezna’s. If possible, an assembly line production service can also be used to increase the number of units produced. This will also help in lowering the overhead cost of production for each unit and also ensure faster production. The company’s production has also been slow due
Introduction Chorafas (2001) notes “Internal Control is a dynamic system covering all types of risk, addressing fraud, assuring transparency, and making possible reliable financial reporting. Beyond risks, internal control goals are the preservation of assets, account reconciliation, and compliance.” Limitations of ABC Co.’s Internal Control System The internal control system is designed to identify and avert fraud, material misstatements and errors and omissions. However it can only offer reasonable guarantee that there isn’t material misstatement in the financial statements. No internal control system, however elaborate, can be by itself guarantee efficient administration and completeness and accuracy of the records nor can it be proof against fraudulent collusion, especially on the part of those holding positions of authority and trust. This is mainly due to the following inherent limitations of an internal control system: (a) Management has to ensure that the benefits expected from an internal control system outweigh the costs. As a result certain important controls might not be put in place due to the costs involved. E.g. a small entity might not have the resources to employ sufficient staff to ensure proper segregation of duties. (Spencer & Pickett, 2010). (b) Most internal controls tend to be directed towards routine transactions rather than non-routine transactions. This leaves gaps that can be exploited. (c) Human error due to carelessness, distraction, mistakes of judgment and misunderstanding instructions could undermine the internal control system. 2 examples of Internal Control Procedures and their implem
The Introduction Healthcare ethics involves making well-researched and considerate decisions about medical treatments, while taking into consideration a patient’s beliefs and wishes regarding all aspects of their health. The healthcare industry, above any other, has a high regard for the issues surrounding the welfare of their patients. This power over a patient’s wellbeing creates a mandatory need for all healthcare organizations to develop an ethics committee. The committee’s goal is to establish a written code of ethics that details policies and procedures that determine proper conduct for all employees. There are many ethical issues, which may arise in regards to a patient’s healthcare. Treating patients with certain religious beliefs pose important ethical issues in the field of healthcare. Religion is a practical way of expressing a person’s spirituality in the practice of beliefs and rules by following rituals and religious practices. It is important for healthcare workers who must be aware of different beliefs and practices of different religions. In addition, a care worker should be aware that within a religion there may be several separate schools of thought and belief, for example, within Buddhism there are seven different schools of teaching. Within Christianity, there are a number of different churches such as Catholic, Church of England, Pentecostal, and Jehovah Witness. Religious beliefs can affect a patient’s views on healthcare, how they wish these to be respected and what medical interventions and treatments which they would or would not prefer. Religious factors in relation to diet, prayer and worship routines need to be considered while caring for the whole individual. Healthcare providers must also ensure that individual patients can carry out any rituals or religious practices, including praying, anointing with oils, periods of fasting of self-denial, and special diets among others. As faith is an individual matter, it is important to demonstrate respect for patients’ beliefs. For instance, physicians must understand specific convictions on blood transfusion that guide Jehovah’s Witnesses’ treatment. This paper will describe an ethical health care issue concerning refusal of care, such as a blood transfusion. It will cover the four ethical principles as they apply to healthcare providers and patients’ rights. In what follows, it is argued that it is important that health care workers should have a rudimentary understanding of Jehovah’s Witnesses philosophy regarding blood transfusion to be proactive in their care management . The Exposition In all areas of practice, physicians encounter Jehovah’s Witnesses and their refusal to accept blood transfusion, even when it means saving their lives. Jehovah Witness believes that there is only one True God called Jehovah, the one True God, corresponds only to the father, denying that Jesus is God, and the Holy spirit is a person. They also do not believe in the Trinity, Fath
Critique of Press Release A researched press release about the outbreak of botulism is a rather vivid example of a journalist’s article that is not successful enough. The process of describing the situation and the methods that the author used when writing this news is quite controversial, which is caused by some factors. A more detailed analysis of this article will help to assess the critical mistakes made in the process of the study also contribute to the compilation of another press release on a similar topic but compiled in accordance with the rules of risk communication. Main Mistakes Made by the Author According to the norms of writing articles that are relevant to risk communication, it is necessary not only to interest the reader but also to do it correctly. Thus, one of the rules of this work is that news should not harm or cause panic among the population (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2002). While looking at the press release about botulism in Buenos Aires, it can be noted that the journalist did not try to present the news neutrally. An overly explicit emphasis on anxiety caused by an outbreak of two people’s disease can entail panic among the population and lead to massive outrage. Also, the article gives the exact address of these people’s workplace. Perhaps, this detail was superfluous as the management of the organization would have to listen to a large number of complaints and threats from the public and answer continually coming questions. Evidently, people should be aware of a possible risk. However, the fact that the author of the article entirely disclosed all the details might lead to widespread discontent. As Miller et al. (2017) note, the collection and dissemination of relevant information should be accompanied by a competent submission of data; otherwise, news can be perceived biased. Therefore, it would be correct to change the structure of the press release to the extent that the article does not contain a call for actions. Building Trust with the Target Audience Another condition that should have been observed when writing the press release about botulism in Buenos Aires refers to the need for building trust with the target audience. It is essential for the public not only to realize the importance of this or that news but also to be sure of
Cultural issues have become more significant in the business world due to the increasing wave of globalization. The operations of organizations that have international operations are affected by many factors, among them being the cultural differences in the different countries of operation. Culture is said to be dynamic and evolving continually. 1 The increased development and integration of global and regional economies have a significant influence on the evolution of culture. Moreover, different nations have different cultures. For instance, the culture of the United States of America is different from that of other European and South American nations. People in the United States, Germany, and the UK believe in individuality more than teamwork. On the contrary, workers in India and Mexico believe in operating in teams than individuals. 2 In the US, Germany, and the UK, people work to protect their own interests, as opposed to safeguarding the interests of their employers. Workers have more personal freedom and autonomy in the US, Germany and the UK, unlike in other nations. Therefore, innovation is high in the three countries. Workers are highly responsive to hierarchy in India and Mexico, as opposed to the US, Germany and the UK. Performance measurement in the US, Germany, and the UK is individualistic, as opposed to Mexico and India, where performance is measured based on groups. 3 The approach to workers should be cross-vergence in the UK and Germany. This is where the leader balances between globalization and localization. In Mexico and India, the approach should be divergent because these nations are relatively more conservative. In the United States, the approach should be convergence because the US is a more globalized nation comprised of many cultures. According to the case, most of the problems that Jim is facing are as a result of the different culture in Mexico compared to the culture of the United States. Jim being an American is used to the American culture, thus he is finding it difficult to understand the Mexican employees. First, bureaucracies are not many in the United States, while there are complex bureaucracies in Mexico. 4 The power distance in the United States is less compared to the power distance in Mexico. 5 Consequently, employees in Mexico are not comfortable discussing issues in the presence of Jim. Jim, on the other hand, is not following the right procedures in conducting the employee meetings. In Mexico, the manager is expected to tell the employees what needs to be done. In the United States, on the other hand, the employees discuss what needs to be done. The other cultural dimension is based on the individualistic and collectiveness index. 6 In the US, workers are more individualistic compared to Mexico, where workers believe more in collectiveness. This could be the reason for Jim’s problem with Carlos. J
Introduction United Arab Emirates (UAE) is located in the Gulf of Oman coast in the Middle East. UAE is a member state of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). GCC is an economic cum political organization founded by Arabs countries that border the Persian Gulf. According to the 2012 GCC economic report, UAE was the second largest economy among the member states. The association further ranked UAE as the third largest economy in the Middle East. In the world ranking, UAE is rated as the 30 th largest economy. UAE is said to be one of the fastest growing economy in the world. Tourism industry is the largest source of foreign exchange in the UAE. Export of natural gas and petroleum products plays a significant role in the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Plans are underway to diversify UAE’s economy beyond tourism, energy and service industry (International Monetary Fund 2013). Germany is located in the central region of Western Europe. Germany is among the 17 countries that constitute the European Union (EU) member states. Just like GCC, EU is a Europe regional organization that facilitates political and economic interest of the region (Thompson 2013, p. 228). According the international monetary fund (IMF), German economy is the largest national economy in the entire Europe. In addition, German nominal GDP ranked fourth in the world ranking after United States (US), China, and Japan. The country further ranked fifth in terms of the GDP purchasing power parity (PPP) in 2012 (International Monetary Fund 2013). Germany earns largest foreign exchange from exports. The exports include automobiles, chemicals, and machinery. However, the country imports a third of its power from other countries. German and UAE economies benefit largely from EU and GCC inter-regional trade. GCC and EU organizations have facilitated the trade by signed several economic agreements since (Braun 2012, p. 2005). Economic variables UAE and Germany economies can be well compared through macroeconomic variables and theories. Research asserts that macroeconomics provides the best analysis of country’s economy. Macroeconomics is best analyzed using the Output-Expenditure identity, Y=C+I+G+(X-M). Y is the GDP representing the total value of service and goods that a country produces annually. C is the consumer expenditure which represents the total value of services and goods customers buy annually. I represent the total business investment value. Finally, G represents the government spending. X represents the total export while M