ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Wealthy countries contribute greatly towards international development through giving financial aid to least-industrialized states. Underdeveloped and developing countries use financial aid from wealthy countries to build infrastructures that grow their economies through development of important sectors such as education and health (Chatrna 1). In addition, international aid helps alleviate poverty, improve social cohesion and international relations, advance global economy, and promote realization of human rights (Lancaster 35). However, controversy exists as to whether aid should be limited to countries that uphold and protect human rights. Proponents argue that aid should be given to countries that protect and uphold human rights. On the other hand, opponents argue that aid should be given to any needy country regardless of poor records of human rights in that country. Countries with poor human rights should receive aid because denying it will increase suffering and misery, and will direct focus to records of donor countries that support oppressive regimes. International aid plays pivotal role in development of poor countries around the globe. It promotes political, social, economic, environmental, and political development in recipient countries. However, research has shown that international aid presents several limitations to recipient countries. For example, China and the United Sates expect recipient countries to use a large portion of financial aid to purchase products and professional services from them (Lancaster 38). This promotes relations and trade between countries. International aid helps many developing countries improve their poor infrastructures (Chatrna 5). However, donor countries are the beneficiaries of contracts that involve development of infrastructure in impoverished countries. International aid also alleviates poverty. In 2002, presidents of rich countries participated in the United Nations Conference for Financing and Development that focused on welfare of poor countries. At the conference, more than fifty heads of state agreed to eradicate poverty, promote global economic growth, and support development in impoverished countries. In addition, they agreed that wealthy nations would donate 0.7% of their Gross National Product to poor countries to fulfill the goals of the conference. One form of international aid is the official development assistance (ODA). It plays an important role because it enhances development of countries that lack ability to attract international investors. As of 2009, only 5 rich countries had managed to donate 0.7% of their GDP to poor countries. In 2005, Jeffrey Sachs argued that international aid could alleviate poverty in Africa if it was doubled. Sachs argued that poor countries could alleviate poverty by using international aid to invest in health, technology, education, and infrastructure (Lancaster 43). This would increase worker productivity and as a result attract more foreign aid and create additional wealth. He further argued that this would create a cycle of p
Biblical leadership is very essential in our church and community today. This implies that we should be leaders like no other with Jesus Christ as our perfect example. Godly leadership requires us to influence other people positively as Jesus was the greatest leader and he made most followers. On the other hand, Godly leadership requires us to follow those who are stronger than ourselves in all aspects. In the bible, God calls leaders who love being under authority this is proven through the leader’s ability to submit to God and follow his commands. God’s plan demands that leaders realize their greatest duty is following another and this will make a great difference in every area of our lives. With Jesus our perfect example leaders are servants thus they have the servanthood heart and they put the needs of other people before their very own. This also comes with a lot of humility and selflessness. In the book Biblical leadership and ministry it is evident that for us to make a difference in our society, churches, and ministry we ought to be vigilant ministers acting genuinely to meet the needs of those who are around us. Biblical leaders are sacrificial and they do not dictate other people with their procedures and beliefs. In other words for them to make a difference in other people’s lives then they themselves must be different. Leaders in the church should not take their leadership roles for power and recognition or even for popularity amongst their subjects but they should seek to follow Christ’s example. It is also important for leaders in the church and ministry to use God’s word as their ultimate authority in decision-making. Similarly, the church leadership requires a leader who has the mind of Christ and who ministers to other people wholeheartedly with a lot of compassion irrespective of race religion gender economic status, and geographical barriers. For the church to be more effective in fulfilling the commands in God’s word the leaders should have a spirit that is sensitive and satisfied. They should portray love to one another that is kind, not self-seeking, patient, not boastful, not easily provoked and it does not think evil. The church leadership should seek to please God in all aspects by making the right decisions and challenging other people’s choices in the biblical context. Similarly, it is the duty of the church leaders to instruct the younger people in the ways that please God. Christian leaders should at only on God’s word and not on the basis of their personal reasoning or even their past experiences. Biblical leadership requires that the leaders portray integrity and Godly character since other people look up to them as well as follow what the leaders do. This requires the leaders to also have the right attitudes and the mind of Christ as they serve other people. Biblical leadership plays a very important role in our churches and ministries as it draws more people to God.
Direct Impact of Marketing in Mayo Clinic Mayo Clinic is one the leading healthcare providers in the state of Minnesota. Presently, the clinic has more than 3,000 physicians and a number of employees, who deliver services to those in need of care and treatment. With its rich history that dates back to about 1864, Mayo Clinic has evolved and become one of the best in provision of healthcare services (Mayo Clinic, 2012). The growth has seen the clinic receive several individuals from the United States. Moreover, due to the growth, the clinic has had to increase the amount of its campuses in the United States. Arizona, Iowa, and Wisconsin are some of the states that Mayo Clinic has opened its campuses. Established and operated by William Worrall Mayo, a doctor, who settled with his family in Rochester, the clinic is a nonprofit hospital and focuses on patient requirements and advanced care. Direct Impacts of Marketing Some of the notable direct impacts of marketing in Mayo Clinic include increased number of patients in the hospital owing to the increased awareness and expanded scope of operation. Due to increased marketing, Mayo Clinic has received several patients from various states of United States. According to the information provided by Mayo Clinic (2016), the number of patients in Mayo Clinic has increased and led to recruitment of over 3,300 employees to address the increasing consumer demands. Imperatively, when the clinic undertook intensive marketing and highlighted the quality of its services, the level of awareness among individuals in Minnesota and the United States augmented. The rise initiated an eventual increase in the number of patients in need of services from the clinic. It is important to explain that the clinic also enjoys word of mouth marketing from past consumers of its services. Several consumers, who have gone through the clinic, refer their colleagues and relatives to the hospital because of the quality of services that the clinic provides. Another direct impact that marketing has initiated in Mayo Clinic is an increase in the scope of operation. Apparently, marketing focuses on increasing the number of individuals, who have awareness on a given product or service (Carrigan & Attalla, 2001). Therefore, by marketing its products using various media such as the social media, the clinic experienced amplification in the number of individuals in need of its services. The increased need for its services compelled the hospital to build new campuses in various states of the United States. Some of the states include Florida, Arizona, Iowa, and Wisconsin. Additionally, increased awareness of its services compelled the hospital to develop new campuses owing to the
Michael Budman and Don Green are the co-founders of Roots Canada Ltd., a business retailer selling clothing, footwear, and luggage, which was founded in Canada in 1973. Budman and Green have a customer-oriented leadership style as a foundation of their business. This can be attributed to the values that their firm is based on, which are the principles of comfort, practicability, and simplicity of design, which all work for the customer’s benefit. Another leadership style exhibited by Budman and Green is that of team participation and bottom-up management. This is evident from their involvement in broad-based participation of different design teams to develop various designs. Still, approval of any new product lies at the discretion of Budman and Green. Budman and Green are not leaders of integrity because the firm previously acknowledged that all of its Olympic branded products were made in Canada, which was not the case, and the fact why the firm was criticized by various labor organizations for not meeting international labor standards as an indicator of lack of integrity in their leadership. It turns out that both Budman and Green are not effective leaders because they have not been successful in most of their new ventures and continue venturing into new business risks. This is an indication of an ineffective leader who has not done proper research and planning. Budman and Green need to learn the skills of risk-taking in business and become more patient in any business they are going to undertake in the future. The major challenge that Budman and Green will experience in the future is that of financing their social causes.
Written by Paolo and Ottavia in 2004, “The Impact of Interpersonal Relationships on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty to the Service Provider” highlights the main goal of the modern world customer-business relationships in relationship marketing. Currently, the literature on interpersonal relationships is widely researched. Previously, there was no exhaustive information that explicitly explained the factors that helped to develop customer loyalty from these relationships. It is pertinent to note that human beings are social beings and therefore, they communicate and interact in a refined manner to develop networks, friendships and acquaintances. In business, especially in service provision industry; customer loyalty is deemed to develop in this manner and it is a particularly crucial factor for marketers to retain clients (Paolo & Ottavia, 2004, p. 369). Marketers are able to retain more customers because of the loyalty that develops. Given the importance of human social interaction and communication between customers and the service providers or those running the businesses, relationship marketing is a unique field of study. This nature of marketing is built on the concept that, it is easy to retain and strengthen the relationship that exists between the business and current customers rather than seeking new clients. This approach has a principal goal of building customer loyalty (Paolo & Ottavia, 2004, p. 367). As a result, understanding the way this goal is achieved and the reason why customer loyalty is developed is critical in business management. Paolo and Ottavia cite the relevant researches that address the nature of the relationship between clients and the front-line employees, particularly in the service industry can enhance loyalty. Therefore, the professional dimension of interaction, as well as the social dimension, significantly impact on the client’s first impression and therefore, the perception of the quality of services or goods offered. Even for the business-to-business interactions, effective interpersonal commitments are particularly vital for holding individuals involved in business networks together rather than the businesses themselves (Paolo & Ottavia, 2004, p. 374). Businesses are hence places for ‘social bonding’, and they, either directly or indirectly, bring out relational outputs, which market a firm hence, developing customer commitment and trust, as well as co-operation. Significance of the Article The article is an indispensable work of the nature of communication and interaction of people. In the modern world, where businesses are aggressively marketing themselves and inventing ways to develop customer loyalty, it is necessary to understand how loya
Introduction “An inspector calls” is one of the plays produced immediately after the end of the Second World War in 1946. During this period, most scholars and human activists were majorly concerned with the welfare of the less privileged individuals within society (Priestly et al., 1992). The poor individuals in the United Kingdom did not have people who could fight and address their grievances, leading to most leaving a low-quality life. Priestly wanted to address the issue of classism and how poor individuals can be empowered to climb up the social ladder. He advocates for successful individuals to help poor individuals to live a quality life in the community (Priestly et al., 1992). Priestly also encourages that it is an individual’s responsibility to ensure that those close to them are safe and always available for each other when need be. This paper strives to highlight how Priestly has portrayed the theme of responsibility in different scenarios within the play. Main body Good neighborliness is when one cares about the well-being of those who are around them when things seem not to be okay on their side. One of the major points where Priestly portrays the theme of social responsibility is whereby Sheila feels a sense of duty when she realizes that she has a role to play in the death of Eva Smith. She tells Gerald to stop looking at her angrily since he also has once been involved in circumstances that are shameful (Priestly et al., 1992). Sheila finally admits and agrees to be held culpable for her actions and talks out the truth. However, Gerald is also blaming her for various faults while he has declined to take responsibility for his actions that also contributed to the demise of Eva Smith (Priestly et al., 1992) . The target audience can learn the importance of taking responsibility for various aspects and how their actions may impact the well-being of other individuals. When one lives a responsible lifestyle, members of the community will not be worried much about them compared to those who are careless with their lives. Priestley also explores the theme of social duty when Mr. Birling fails to take responsibility for various actions that led to Eva Smith’s death. His sentiments suggest that everyone should be held responsible for their own life and well-being (Priestly et al., 1992). Individuals who take the responsibility of taking care of others mostly land into awkward situations in case an unlikely event with a devastating effect occurs to the individuals. Dr. Priestley strives to encourage the target audience to ensure utmost s
Germinal Literature The existing scholarly literature contains numerous studies that establish the connection between parental involvement and the academic achievement of students. However, the findings of researchers are usually incompatible due to the different definitions of parental involvement and, as a result, the use of different metrics for evaluation. Next, the studies mostly come from developed countries, which limits the socioeconomic background of the sample. Finally, most of the researchers focus on the urban setting or, more commonly, aggregate the data to produce the unified result, which does not allow for the identification of possible important differences. Most importantly, there is a considerable disparity among the findings of different authors. For instance, a study by Keith, Reimers, Fehrmann, Pottebaum, and Aubey (1986) evaluated the influence of several factors, including parental involvement, on the academic performance of students. The study concluded that parental involvement had no direct effect on academic performance, although, importantly, a link was established between parental involvement and the amount of time the students dedicated to homework (Keith et al., 1986). Since the latter was directly tied to academic performance in the same study, an indirect link could be implied between the two. Another early attempt to determine the impact of parental involvement evaluated the influence of various performance standards on the academic achievement of students from 20 public schools (Natriello & McDill, 1986). The study established a relationship between the parents’ standards and the time spent by students on homework. At the same time, a negative relation was identified between the former and the resulting performance (Natriello & McDill, 1986). Since the establishment of performance standards can be considered a form of parental involvement, this result illustrates an obviously undesirable effect. These findings were later corroborated by the research of the effects of intervention for children at risk (Reynolds, 1994). Parental involvement was included in the list of factors that were expected to influence the outcome. While it was identified as one of the predictors of the duration of intervention and the children’s adjustment, no statistically significant correlation was observed between it and the student performance (Reynolds, 1994). Nevertheless, it should be acknowledged that the absence of positive relation is characteristic for only a fraction of the literature on the matter. One of the earliest studies that provided the initial evidence of the positive effect of parental involvement included it as one of several family factors that were thought to influence student achievement.
Introduction This dissertation revolves around the issues based on the literacy of women in Europe and Middle East and the way advanced technology has contributed to this factor. Women’s leadership and women in the telecommunication businesses are some of the points that need to be put into consideration and women’s contribution to the economic opportunities that may affect each and every one of us in one way or another. There is the need to fully understand women, gender and the telecommunication sector. Economy growth made by women may never be noticed or appreciated unless there are policies put into place for all mainstreaming efforts that take gender into consideration. Some of the factors that mainly affect the ratio of women to men are as follows: Background of the studies Illiteracy has always acted as a hindrance to success for women; it is estimated that two thirds of the world’s illiterate are women. According to statistics, women’s place has always been in the kitchen as considered by many cultures, therefore, denying an access to proper or formal education for women (Christina & De Bellaigue, 2007). Women need the same level of education as men for a country to proper develop. However, some of the contents and designs used on the internet or the advanced technologies in telecommunication today have not been made easy for some women (Huyer & Sophia, 2005). These technologies may not be in the language that women and even men may understand. If this issue could be addressed, the women could largely fill the demand for skilled labor for economic growth as well as the workforce. Rationale of the research When it comes to leadership, women have the least percentage in both the developing and the developed communities. This has a major if not significant impact on the economic growth. Statistics show that companies with more women in their boards outperformed companies with the least by 53 percent. In most cases you will find women in the lowest paid and least secure jobs because the men have dominated the higher paid jobs in the telecommunication management fields (Jolly et al, 2004). Developing countries may find their performance outcome different from other companies hence they should set standards and integrate women into the top offices but not necessarily just because they are women but because they cannot afford to ignore their best and brightest minds that also include women. It is very unfortunate that even today, the potential of women continues to be underesti
One of the necessary prerequisite for the successful functioning of any business are control mechanisms. They are created to ensure that the company develops according to a preestablished plan and achieves its goals by directing and managing the work of the company’s employees (Bateman & Snell, 2008). In the modern practice of management, researchers single out three types of management control: bureaucratic, market, and clan control. The characteristics of bureaucratic control include application of formal rules and standards in a hierarchical structure based on authority (Bateman & Snell, 2008). Market control features prices, competition, and profit as its basis, and establishes market relationships between business parties (Bateman & Snell, 2008). Lastly, clan control differs from the aforementioned two types of control in the fact that rather than basing on authoritative tradition, it employs the relationships of cooperation between parties who share common values, beliefs, and culture, and express deep trust in each other (Bateman & Snell, 2008). The Boeing Company is an example of a business that opts for employing a whole system of different control types that help balancing the company’s activities. On the one hand, the Boeing Company employs bureaucratic control mechanisms embodied in The Boeing Company Code of Basic Working Conditions and Human Rights (The Boeing Company, 2010). The Code stipulates the key standards of attitudes to employees and recognizes their role in developing the Boeing business. In this respect, the Boeing Company demonstrates utilization of clan control principles as well, since it expresses deep trust in its employees. Clan control principles become obvious in the Boeing Company statement on culture (The Boeing Company, 2010). The principles of clan control reveal themselves, inter alia, in values such as cooperative effort encouraging the Boeing diverse team to involve actively in the constant process of innovation (The Boeing Company, 2010). Diversity and inclusion signify the Boeing Company tendency to employ marketing control principles as well. The Executive Commitment to Diversity exemplifies the company’s striving to creativity and innovation as the core objectives of its activities (The Boeing Company, 2010). In addition, marketing control principles reveal themselves in the activities of Boeing Capital Corporation that provides financial solutions to the company, and in the creation of Global Corporate Citizenship that promotes cooperation among various branches of Boeing industries for mutual benefit (The Boeing Company, 2010). When evaluating the effectiveness of the aforementioned control mechanisms, it becomes obvious that the key to the Boeing Company success on the market lies in the interrelation and combination of all the three types of control mechanisms. On the one hand, bureaucratic mechanisms allow for preserving a certain authoritative basis that unites a whole set of separate organizations and provides the employees with rigid standards of behavior. On the other hand, the employees are highly motivated to demonstrate their constant individual input in the