ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited [herein referred to as Deloitte] is a private limited company that operates in the professional services industry. The firm operates as a global entity and serves over 150 countries. Deloitte specializes in the provision of different professional services such as legal, consulting, financial advisory, tax and audit services. A workforce of over 225,400 employees facilitates its operations. The company ranks amongst the leading FTSE 250 companies ( Deloitte 2015). The company has further been cited as a market leader in the consulting services sector. Its total revenue in 2015 is estimated to be the US $ 35.2 billion, which represents a 7.6% growth compared to the previous financial year ( Deloitte 2015). The company is committed to delivering service to its clients and the society through its workforce. Attaining this goal requires a firm to develop a strong workforce. In 2014, the company hired approximately 62,000 new employees to facilitate its global operations ( Deloitte 2015). The above aspects depict a strong performance in the company’s operations. Deloitte’s performance can be associated with adoption of effective strategic management practices. The firm’s strategic management practice is based on a holistic stakeholder approach. Subsequently, the firm is committed to delivering a high level of satisfaction amongst the internal and external stakeholders. To achieve this goal, the firm has recognized the value of entrenching effective leadership strategies and practices. This paper involves a critical examination of the quality of leadership strategy at Deloitte. The analysis further examines the social and cultural factors that the organization has incorporated in its leadership and organizational strategy. Analysis Leadership strategy Since its inception, Deloitte has focused on developing a strong organizational culture. One of the critical foundations of the firm’s organizational culture entails creating and executing an effective leadership strategy. The leadership strategy illustrates the degree to which an organization is focused on the future. Neal and Sonsino (2012, p. 2) posit that a ‘leadership strategy is a future-focused, long-term strategic business imperative that ensures that the organization has the right capabilities to position itself at a competitive advantage in the market it currently and intends to serve in the future’. The leadership strategy should take into account the organizational, operational and strategic dimensions. Therefore, an effectively implemented leadership strategy should be optimally aligned with the organizational, operational and strategic dimensions of the business strategy. Moreover, it should promote organizational development and culture. The leadership strategy enables an organization to address issues related to talent gaps, and the actions required strengthening its strategic leadership (Neal & Sonsino 2012). Deloitte has entrenched an effective leadership strategy, which is based on the holistic leadership approach. Accordin
The development of ethnopolitical situations usually depends on crises in political and/or economical spheres. Laurie Nathan considers violence as one of the most significant symptoms of crises, which happen within one state and may spread over the others, and admits that four structural conditions become crucial for both economical and political crises (Nathan 1). After I read the article The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, I clear up that the collaboration of structural, political, and economical forces have a certain contribution to ethnopolitical violence. First of all, such structural conditions like authoritarian rule and minorities’ exclusion from state governance may serve as a strong reason of violence and intra-state crisis. When oppressed minorities cannot accept the existed rules and conditions, they have to live under, they prefer to develop rebellions and prove their points of view by means of power and fights. Cultural identity and physical security are under a threat because of human demands and the ways, people demonstrate these demands. Laurie Nathan also underlines that weak states, which are not able to cope with and solve political and social conflicts, and the ideas of inequity and deprivation play an important role in the development of ethnopolitical violence and becomes an important cause of the crises. For many people, it turns out to be very difficult to distinguish the symptoms and the causes of political and economical crises; this is why it is better the article by Laurie Nathan is rather helpful for drawing insights about the political and economical factors of a crisis and violence. Ethnopolitical violence is one of the brightest symptoms of a crisis, and structural conditions of the state are the cause for violence and for crisis. Peter Uvin tells that human fear is based on the development of the community they live in. The vast majority of people are not ready for the imposition of foreign policy because of lack of knowledge about strategic interests, and they make numerous attempts to separate from each other and find more powers to fight against the violence that comes from the other groups (Uvin 234). In spite of the fact that both authors do not pay enough attention to gender role in the development of crises, they both admit that this point is still crucial and deserves thorough analyses in future. These two readings under consideration help to comprehend that in order to create good governance, it is crucially important to follow certain conditions and rules. It is necessary to realize that crises cannot be overcome within a short period of time and by means of warfare only. Peaceful strategies, political stability, proper analysis of causes and symptoms of state crisis and violence, and desire to achieve peace between all parts of society – these are the major points, which have to be taken into account by th
Review of changing perspectives in marketing planning Marketing planning is a critical activity for the improvement of business performance. Scholars believe that organizations should continuously review their strategies because the modern market has become very dynamic and competitive. (Lancaster, Massingham and Massingham 2). Companies should continuously develop new ways of gaining the trust of their customers; otherwise, they may lose their leading positions in the market (Shaw 3). This approach to marketing planning emphasizes the changing external environment of a company. However, at the same time, researchers note that management should be able to identify the core strengths of their products or services and constantly use these strengths. Only in this way, companies can make their brands recognizable. These are different perspectives on marketing paper. This report will show such a company as Virgin Atlantic Airways can do marketing planning. The capability of Virgin Atlantic Airways to plan for future marketing activities Since its inception, Virgin Atlantic Airways has grown and expanded into different markets. Currently, it is the second-largest airline company in the United Kingdom and manages to a variety of countries (Manning, Salter, and Tuinzing 3). The successful expansion of the company’s operations into diverse destinations indicates that this organization takes a careful approach to marketing. Techniques for organizational auditing and analysis of external factors Scholars argue that marketing planning should be based on the analysis of the internal and external environment (22). One of the techniques used for organizational auditing is STOW analysis that focuses on strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and Threats to which a company is exposed. Moreover, one can refer to such techniques as PESTAL and STEP Analysis; these are the tools that are applied to study external forces that affect the marketing activities of a company. Auditing and analysis of the external factors which affect marketing planning It is possible to demonstrate how the techniques described in the previous section can be applied to Virgin Atlantic Airways. At first, one can speak about SWOT Analysis that is important for marketing planning. Strengths 1) The brand that is recognized by the majority of people who live in Great Britain (Manning, Salter and Tuinzing 11). 2) The employees, who have
Introduction Egypt’s Nile River is on record as the world’s largest river; it spans within a total length of 6,625 km and possesses a width of 7.8 km. The river discharges to the Mediterranean Sea, which is 1,350 km from the Aswan High Dam, whose annual discharge of water is approximately 90km 3 .The catchment area of the river is said to host over 75 million people. This has played a major role in recognizing the importance of river Nile as one of the world’s largest river and the environmental assessment that comes with it. Human pressures on the Nile River have resulted to deterioration of the river, hence shifting the focus on systematic environmental assessment (Fishar & Williams Para. 3). The river Nile is perceived as the substitute of the rain that rarely falls in Egypt. The source of the river originates from the Abyssinia’s mountains and arrives in Egypt after a precipitation of seven cataracts. The secret to the overflowing waters of the Nile is linked to the five months in a year of rain experienced in Ethiopia. The overflowing waters carry with them precious sand that is rich in nutrients, thus making the lands in Egypt fertile. Causes of pollution in river Nile The pollution of the Nile River is caused by various sources of pollution. These sources include municipal sewerage, oil spills, wastewater from industries, and agricultural wastewater. Presence of heavy metal These heavy metals have their origins from agricultural and municipal wastewater. Heavy metals have a major significance in ecological effects affecting the Nile River, as they are identified by their accumulative behavior and toxicity. Some of these metals include Cu, Pb, and Cd. The main compartment used for storage of these metals in aquatic surroundings is the sediments. The concentration of metal in sediments is reliable in attaining the levels of contamination but not the levels of toxicity in aquatic life (Miller Para 2). Ecotoxicological effects of contaminated sediment will mainly be determined by the metal’s presence and the living organism’s ability to assimilate metals. According to a research study conducted, there were presence of Cu, Pb, and Cd in the waters of river Nile (Gawad Para 3). Oil spills In September 11 2010, there was a diesel oil spill on the waters of river Nile. The captain of the barge purportedly indicated that the drop in water levels was the main cause of the oil spill, as the vessel could have tilted on one side, thus spilling the oil. Such kinds of tragedies have extensive and devastating effects that include shutting of the water purification industries that could result to contamination of drinking water and deaths of aquatic life (Index to 2010 Issues of Oil Spill Intelligence Report Para 3). According to Dumont, Nile River is used for different purposes that include transportation of oil and oil products thus creating origins of oil pollution. Apart from this, a lot of factories and oil distributing centers have been established along the Nile River (Dumont 398). Industrial wastewater Industrial waste has been identified as one of the major contributor of pollu
In the modern era of democracy and equality for which all nations have been fighting for centuries, it is hard to imagine that some time ago, the situation looked in another way, and the right to rule was won not due to the overall choice of the nation but because of the person’s strength, ability to conquer and subdue others or the ability to keep the multitude in horror and obedience. Rousseau recollects the principles that used to govern ancient societies where the strongest received everything but was still unable to retain the power unless they found the way to keep the influence based on fear and intimidation long enough not to substitute it by any legal preconditions for their power. Rousseau was a profound activist who fought for freedom and equality of all people and promoted the principles of liberty in France of his times when the country’s government still remained deaf to the needs of society and existed in an isolated way. Rousseau was one of the first who recognized the necessity of giving the full set of rights to the human being because of the natural possession thereof. He thought that people should not fight for the basic rights and freedoms, as well as they should not exist under the despotism of their rulers if they do not want this – he saw “men being taken as they are and laws as they might be” in the ideal state and refused from the idea of the natural choice for the rulers (Rousseau). In the scope of the 18th century that was characterized by the beginning of the struggle for democracy in its basic understanding, Rousseau was the one to understand that the truly democratic state should be grounded on principles other than strength and physical force, but something that would guide human lives without any division for the strong and the weak should be created: “I feel that however feeble the influence my voice can have on public affairs, the right of voting on them makes it my duty to study them: and I am happy, when I reflect upon governments, to find my inquiries always furnish me with new reasons for loving that of my own country.” Together with the recognition of the necessity to create the duty and right that were to become the basics of a civil state, Rousseau called the governments of all newly built democratic states to accept all people as equal, to give them the right to speak freely and to influence the flow of affairs in the state actively. It is very interesting to see that the principles outlined by Rousseau in his Social Contract became the basis of all world’s democratic constitutions and declarations of rights, which can be evident from the French Declaration of Rights of Men and the USA Declaration of Independence. France became a real example of the state seen by Rousseau in his considerations of a civil state – in all terms, including the right to vote and to assembly, the right to property inherent in every pers
Abstract The current unilateral challenges that face the world necessitate the need for multiple relations among different nations. Some of the challenges and problems of the 21 st century include human rights, environmental issues, labor rights, and humanitarian assistance (Muldoon 62). A research on the need for multilateral diplomacy in the 21 st century is significant in enabling all nations to forge a common goal in addressing the aforementioned problems. The essence of multilateral diplomacy can be seen in the move that aimed at convincing North Korea to abandon attempts to develop nuclear weapons, as well as the recent proposal by the US to Syria on withdrawal of chemical weapons (Dayang par. 4). With high technological development, the world has become a global village, hence the need to coalesce under an international body like the United Nations. Here, challenges that confront a state are addressed from a global perspective, and not from the national level. The highly fragmented world needs to embrace multilateral approach in order to solve global concerns. Therefore, the research project will seek to explore and investigate the following:  1. The extent to which multilateral diplomacy contributes to peaceful coexistence among nations of the world  2. To identify economic gains that member states receive from multilateral engagements  3. To examine the need for multilateral diplomacy in addressing environmental problems in the 21 st century Introduction Over the years, countries have coalesced around some regional blocks in order to get solutions for common problems like international trade agreements and climatic changes. The Kyoto Protocol is an example of an international agreement among different countries to engage in environmentally friendly practices to reduce global warming. Given the dynamism in the world of technology, as well as similarity of problems facing different countries, a research on this topic is necessary to help in coming up with strategies of addressing the pertinent issues at a low cost. From a historical perspective, previous researches have shown that bilateral diplomacy presents dictatorial challenges and mostly implements interests of a powerful partner. Multilateral diplomacy is appropriate in order to address these shortcomings. A research on the essence of multilateral diplomacy will unearth benefits that such cooperation can have to society. Aim of the Research The purpose of this research is to reveal the need for multilateral diplomacy in the 21 st century albeit different ideologies and opinions that countries hold concerning international groupings. Literature Review For weak nations, a proposal to have a multilateral diplomacy will be advantageous since they will be able to push for their national interests. Notably, issues of global security are handled better at multilateral negotiations than at bilateral negotiations. Multilateral diplomacy guarantees a leveled playground to all participating states that may have different economic and political strengths. The beginning of multilateral diplomacy can be traced to the 1815 Treaty of Vienna and went on to
Organisations use different strategies in order to attract tourists. The number of tourists positively correlates with the income that comes from tourist industry. Kapferer’s brand identity prism is an effective model for improving the image of Dubai as a tourist destination. Kapferer has suggested several critical considerations in developing a brand identity, which can be applied with regard to Dubai. The seven aspects of the prism are the physique, personality, relationship, culture, reflection, self-image, and rallying cry (Kapferer 82). The model has a precise and simple explanation to develop a brand based on Dubai’s significance as a tourist centre. The approach helps create a self-understanding and shapes how people perceive Dubai with regard to tourism. Kapferer’s model supports Dubai’s positioning on the premises of its culture and the vision of economic diversification. In turn, this understanding determines the anticipated positioning and relationships, which are important to stakeholders in the tourism industry (Stephenson 2). Using the seven aspects of the prism, the physique will form the basis of the brand, which will be Dubai’s attractiveness, its use of technology and trust that tourists would enjoy. The personality aspect is important for becoming the outcome of Dubai as a major destination for tourists from different parts of the world. The focus would be on the economic diversification in the long-term, which would contribute to a stable economy. Culture is vital because it is the symbol of Dubai that is developed by its people and the way they interact with tourists and among themselves. The relationships are essential for determining the kind of experiences developed by tourists, with the focus on the case of Dubai being the promotion of safety and exceptional experience. The aspect of reflection is vital for understanding the significance of Dubai as a tourist destination and values that visitors associate with the place. Based on the level of loyalty, the self-image element is used to determine how often tourists visit the city. Improved brand recognition focuses on ensuring that the visitors develop positive feelings after a visit to Dubai due to a number of exciting destinations and perfect services (Kapferer 67). The seventh element of the prism is the rallying cry, which is used to clarify the industrial development and uniqueness of the city in terms of tourist attractions. In fact, this element helps the tourist attraction centre to create memorable and vivid experiences in tourists. Various developments in Dubai reflect Dubai’s fulfilment of the identity prism. First, the city planned and implemented several developmental and advancement projects through financial and economic modernisation. Second, developing an excellent brand, Dubai focuses on becoming a location of hyper-real experiences in many aspects through developing the best financial and tourist centres. In its identity, Dubai looks be
New technologies have impacted all sectors, including nursing in the healthcare industry. The article “Impact of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) on Nursing Care: Results of an Overview of Systematic Reviews” by Rouleau et al. (2017) evaluates various indicators and dimensions of nursing care that ICTs can influence. The authors acknowledge that ICTs are increasingly becoming an instrumental incentive for quality health care delivery among healthcare providers. Notably, technologies change the way nurses execute various responsibilities in healthcare facilities, including planning, care delivery, documentation, as well as a review of clinical care. Rouleau et al. (2017) identified for main domains of ICTs for health or eHealth, including computerized decision support systems (CDSSs), communication, information, and management systems. The authors achieved their objective by reviewing different research projects related to the technology’s effect on nursing care. The article utilizes the Nursing Care Performance Framework (NCPF), a model which shows how the interaction of nursing services and resources influences patient condition. Twenty-two articles met the eligibility criteria of the study and were published between 2002 and 2015 (Rouleau et al., 2017). Five steps, including search strategy, selection of reviews, extraction, and management of data, methodological quality assessment of eligible articles, and data synthesis, were involved in processing the results of the study. The study’s findings identify nineteen indicators of nursing care that are influenced by technology, including documentation time, nurse-patient relationship, nurse autonomy, time management, nurses’ skills and competence, information quality and access, and others. Mohmmed et al. (2017) and Krick et al. (2019) supported the findings by indicating that the use of technologies such as Electronic Health Records (EHR) has a positive influence on nursing. Indeed, technology improves planning, documentation, and other functions of nursing, enhancing patient outcomes. Rouleau et al. (2017) conclude that the planning and implementation of new ICTs in health care facilities should consider all the nursing indicators influenced by technology.