ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Effective problem solving training offered at the workplace help employees to develop problem-solving techniques. When employees develop these skills, they will operate more actively and effectively. Techniques allow employees to identify and analyze problems in the working fraternity. It allows them to evaluate the impact and severity of unconventional solutions to the underlying problem with the stakeholders, clients, and allies. The employees, upon training, will know how to utilize the available possessions to perform tasks properly. They will also learn to achieve organizational goals by solving problems as a team and not as individuals. Training programs include preparing employees for organization problems, and vast business orientation. Objective finding Objective finding is the segment of identifying goals, challenges, and wishes upon which a supervisor or manger wants to work upon. Specialized proficiency training programs are created and proposed to help employees adopt problem solving ideas and methods. The employees should be coached and presented with materials that will help them learn how to identify a predicament. In an organization, the supervisor divides the employees into groups and allocates pertinent tasks for them to tackle. The employees will try to solve the situations such as ineffective communication between management and stakeholders, client issues, and vendor-manager relations. Profound training skills will help employees to identify some possible causes of the ongoing state of affairs. The training program will help employees to set aside and segregate the facts. When they find the cause of the problem, they will be able to know the reasons and therefore, will come up with a strategy on how to avoid future occurrences. Fact-finding Fact- finding is where relevant data is gathered. The situation and background should be established. This segment also incorporates feelings, data, questions, and figures. After putting down all the appropriate information about a setback, the employees or in this case participants will have the facts required to state solutions required to curb the situation. Training seminars help employees to learn more about their experienced members. The training programs motivate employees and help them learn innovative and creative techniques required to solve internal setbacks. The employees put down the setback resolution methods, and the merits and demerits linked with the techniques. Problem finding The actual problem to be focused on should be clarified and established. Problem solving techniques supervisor instructs the employees to evaluate alternatives appropriately. When the employees learn to propagate decisions prof
Introduction The third aspect of the PEN-3 Model looks at the cultural issues and health beliefs. Planners use this model to create a health education system that is sensitive to the culture of ethnic minority. The PEN-3 Model factors under cultural appropriateness include positive, exotic and negative factors. This essay shall relate these factors to the case study A Day in the Sleep Clinic . The paper shall highlight differences in involvement of Dr. Williams’ with the three families, and effects of involvements on health outcomes. Positive Positive factors in the PEN-3 Model are perceptions, enablers, and nurturers that make a person, family, or community involve themselves in health practices that enhance and improve their health status. Therefore, planners must encourage such factors (Campbell, 1995). This is because positive factors in health practices are necessary in improving health status of individuals, families and communities, for instance, encouraging people to engage in physical activities. From the case study, Dr. Williams’ interactions with the Reese family have some positive factors that will improve Johnny’s health. It is obvious that the Dr. William and the Reese family could be of the same cultural background. They even have same interests particularly in horses. The doctor encourages the family to use CPAP and mask in order to enhance the patient’s sleeping habits. It is also crucial to note that the doctor does this because the family can afford it because they have “ a good insurance ”. Exotic Exotic factors are strange practices and do not have any harmful health consequences. Therefore, there is no need of changing exotic factors. Health planners should address what exist within different cultures, rather than considering what ought to be in the culture. For instance, both Sudanese and Vietnamese have different cultures from those of the US. These cultural orientations may not necessarily affect the health outcomes of patients. However, taking them into account is crucial for doctors since patients highly value them. For instance, the Sudanese family belief in superstition may not affect the health outcome in the hands of the doctor. Culturally, the family believes that someone cast an evil eye on the daughter. There is nothing Dr. Williams can do about these beliefs. However, the Dr. Williams’ interactions and decisions can severely affect the outcomes of the patient. On the other hand, Vietnamese culture restricts addressing women when men are present. The doctor’s assumptio
In a world where economies go digital, and development strategies are knowledge-based, it is time for Saudi Arabia to make a power move. Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud has the second most influential position in the country and has already put forward several ambitious project blueprints. Some of his ideas, and namely, modernization and diversification of the economy, won him public appraisal. Some, however, were met with apprehension and criticism, for instance, his intention to offer Aramco’s shares to foreign investors. The essay will provide a brief historical overview, explain the need for a change, outline the country’s position in the context of post-colonialism and international relations, and offer solutions. Saudi Arabia’s Economy: An Overview As of now the economy of Saudi Arabia is part of the top twenty economies of the world (G20) (Wynbrandt 2014). The Middle Eastern country has come a long way to achieve such outstanding results. Up until the early 1930s, Saudi Arabia was a subsistence economy characterized by self-reliance and self-provision by the community. The decade has proven to be a game-changer for the entire nation: after an unsuccessful attempt at a concession to a British oil company in 1923, in 1933, the country signed an agreement with a California-based Standard Oil. Oil was discovered as early as 1938; however, World War II curtailed all operations. It was not up until 1945 that the country saw the first refinery that triggered a massive expansion of the oil industry (Wynbrandt 2014). A close, fruitful collaboration between Saudi Arabia and the United States led to the discovery of the first offshore field in the Middle East. Thanks to the efforts of the Arabian-American Oil Company (Aramco), Saudi oil production rose exponentially and allowed for exporting the product to the other countries in the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean. These events attracted large numbers of Arab and non-Arab migrants to the kingdom. Easily deportable and often living off low wages, they invaded the workforce but were unable to settle down, which made them an unreliable resource for the Saudi economy. All in all, the growth of the petroleum industry shaped the future outlook of the country’s economy for the decades to come. In 1961, Saudi Arabia became one of the founding members of the newly founded OPEC. The 1973 oil crisis benefitted the country’s economy as the price of oil skyrocketed from $3 per barrel to almost $12. This wa
Executive Summary The state of the economy is a vital aspect in a business sector since it contributes to the progress of an entity. Currently, the economy is stable and will expand marginally. This will be good for our business which has a contract to import raw materials from China. This deal will not be affected owing to the manner in which it was drafted as well as the prevailing economic conditions. Economic state The economy has been improving marginally after the recession. There are various factors that are contributing to this fact, such as interest rates, inflation and policies, adopted by nations globally to shield their economies (Itō 24). Nations have adopted policies which aim at cushioning their economy against stagnant international trade and the high cost of credit, making it challenging for businesses. Business is triggered by consumption, however, consumption has contracted owing to the high credit cost. Credit is the key driver of consumption. Subsequently, high credit cost limits lending which reduces consumption. Owing to these factors, the international business being a key component of the economy is stagnating. Thus, the economy will improve marginally that will be characterized by a drop in unemployment, inflation rate and interest rates. The above developments will characterize shor
In his article published in Race Ethnicity and Education in 2014, Cabrera explores the way in which white male college students claim being victims of reverse racism, thus minimizing the impact of white supremacy and trauma of those affected by it. The literature reviewed supports the notion of social structuring of whiteness as a majority and norm placing the minorities in the lower social strata; the research was grounded in Critical Race Theory. The paper focuses on the way the subjects explain and experience racial inequalities, and how the resulting narratives affect white supremacy. In the field of education, white males are overrepresented, especially in the positions of power, and there is inadequate advocacy of racial difference in the curriculum. As to the human resource frame, the fraternities system enables exclusion of minorities, disempowering them, and perpetuates stereotyping and hate crimes. Cabrera (2014) addresses the linguistics of racism and the “sincere fictions” concept as well. The interview results show that viewing racism as a product of individual agency, rather than the systemic issue, the respondents minimize white privilege and perceive the politics of minority empowerment as reverse discrimination. Only one participant showed a change of racial views, perpetuated by increased exposure to different ethnicities. To sum up, the findings show that lack of cross-cultural contact and ignorance as to racial issues leads to perpetuating white supremacy. White male college students are not sufficiently educated on diversity, and thus do not see racism as a systemic problem, but a minority issue, denying personal responsibility. As to the structural frame, universities are unprepared and unwilling to tackle the problems. Within the political frame, advocacy of white victimization serves to support white hegemony. Reference Cabrera, N. L. (2014). Exposing whiteness in higher education: White male college students minimizing racism, claiming victimization, and recreating white supremacy. Race Ethnicity and Education , 17(1) , 30-55.
One method of research that can be implemented is surveys, which is a quantitative type of research, in which primary data are gathered from participants. An example of such methods can be seen through the awareness survey, the results of which were demonstrated in the case. Being a descriptive research, such methods imply gathering quantitative data, e.g. recognition of FairTrade products, willingness to purchase such products, and the socio-demographic descriptions of the participants. Another research method can be seen through conducting an exploratory qualitative research. An example of such research is personal interviews. Such interviews might be used to identify themes and variables that can be further measured in quantitative studies. The themes explored might include the perceptions of the public about FairTrade, Reasons for purchase, personal significance for purchase, etc. Such data would be gathered, which transcripts will be analyzed in terms of common themes and patterns. The results of such research can be utilized to shift the public opinion about FairTrade and make the trademark more recognizable. The identified socio-demographic trends can be seen in slight favourability of females over males in the tendency to buy FairTrade products, in which the age group is between 35 and 44, and belong to skilled working class and the lower middle class. Such trends suggest that middle age and middle to lower class workers are more likely to appreciate the initiative of FairTrade and are more willing to purchase the FairTrade products. Accordingly, the opportunity for FairTrade can be seen through targeting new consumers, which include the other social classes and age groups. The utilization of such opportunity can be seen through increasing the marketing efforts targeted to these specific groups as well as the inclusion of other categories of goods. Accordingly, a threat might exist for the majority of consumers from lower classes to switch to cheaper products, where it can be assumed that for such group the price difference is of significance. Thus, aggressive pricing from competitors might allure such group into buying their cheaper products. The goals of FairTrade focus on three types of stake holders, which are the producers of goods in the developing countries, UK consumers, and UK companies. The producers include farmers, workers, their communities and association in their respective countries. The companies, on the other hand, include retailers, selling FairTrade products as well as the towns and cities hosting them. The importance of these stakeholders can be prioritized in such order: consumers, companies, and producers. The absence of a demand for such products, and accordingly eliminate any economic rationale for companies to participate in such initiative. Both of the aforementioned have bargaining power, unlike producers, for whom FairTrade initiative has no alternatives. The relationship between the stakeholders can be developed through thorough management. In this case, the management can be seen through such
Generation Z refers to the youngest generation and it entails individuals aged between 6 and 24 years. They were born when negative impacts of climate were being felt across the globe. These changes are becoming a matter of urgency since they are affecting many people. The need for more stringent measures is on the rise as the number and intensity of natural disasters such as floods, wildlife, hurricanes, and earthquakes continue to rise (Crichton et al ., 2009). These issues have attracted the attention of the generation who they have identified climate change as the most challenging problem the world is facing today. This paper explains that climate change is the greatest issue affecting Generation Z and needs to be addressed. Climate change is a major issue of concern to people born after 1997 since they cannot recall a time when the problem did not exist. They were born when measures to address global warming were the main agenda in regional meetings encouraging them to become part of the solution. The generation understands that the problem can affect their future implying that it is necessary to establish effective corrective measures (Nordhaus, 2019). Moreover, it is affecting their career choices since climate change has impacted many sectors of the economy negatively. Since everyone would like to study a marketable course, many young people are considering areas that are not directly affected by climate change. For instance, many are avoiding agriculture because it is one of the highly affected areas. Most people in generation Z understand that climate change is
Labour demand and supply The companies that sell products to end users based on the laws of supply and demand in the market become the purchasers in the labor market since they require employees to design products and do other sorts of things to ensure that the finished products meet the requirements of the end-users. Since no employee can render a free service, companies are compelled to go into the labor market so as to purchase labor according to their considerations. Virgin Blue Airline determines the number of workers it demands based on some considerations. These are the costs it will incur on the labour (based on the Australian market wage), and the number of workers it needs to meet the current and predicted demands for doing business. The supply of labour in the Australian airline industry is determined by the amount of wages, salaries, as well as other benefits provided by the potential employers, and skilled workers tend to move from one employer to the other based on these influences. To make the conditions of work attractive, Virgin Blue Airline offers competitive pay, performance based rewards, travel allowances, study assistance, and many other benefits to potential employees (Virgin Blue Airlines, 2010). Labour requirements for Virgin Blue Airline increased growth Virgin Blue Airline, with a current market share of about twenty-eight percent in Australia’s airline industry, is increasingly growing to serve other routes around the world. For example, in the past one year, it has carried about 18.4 million international passengers (PPS Publications Ltd, 2010). This increased growth implies that it will need additional employees to serve the increasing number of its customers. In this regard, the company will need to hire culturally diverse employees for it to succeed in doing global business. This will make it possible for the diverse workforce to bring different points of view in tackling issues in the airline company, which are invaluable for its success internationally. More so, since the success of a modern organization requires different inputs from people with diverse skills and experiences, recruiting such people will ensure that Virgin Blue Airline benefits from the different range of experiences that they will be bringing along for its eventual success in the international market. Since doing international business normally encounter several restrictions, for example, acceptance of the airline by the customers in another locality and customer-handling issues, Virgin Blue Airline will need to surmount these obstacles by hiring employees who are up to the task. In addition, another associated labour requirements in this new market is to hire employees who can speak fluently other languages, apart from English. This will ensure that the company confronts the language barrier problem that can make it lose its customers if not
In the play “The Crucible”, Artur Miller raises the topic of Salem witch accusations taking place in Massachusetts during the end of the seventeenth century. The story observes individuals from various social statuses, their sins, and the dark sides of the personalia. In “The Crucible”, the author raises such essential issues as deception, goodness, guilt, hysteria, reputation, social status, judgment, and many others. One can call Miller a predictor as all these topics remain the significant issues of human lives. People still choose between lie and truth, kindness and evil; care about their social position and reputation; judge others, and do not want to be judged. It is hard to debate that all human beings act in terms of self-benefit and wellbeing by their nature. However, society does not let them drown in egoism and their needs. Living in a community puts obligations on all individuals to care about the other one, choose a decent action among many possible. The theme of goodness stands out between all the topics raised in the play and stays one of the majors throughout it. Miller, in his work, shows a typical theocratic society in which the church and religious obligations control the government. Because of that, for this society, moral laws are equal to state laws. Hence, shortcomings and proper actions made by a human is a subject of public concern. Consequently, any deviation from social rules brings harm to society and means disrespect of God. According to Miller, “repressions of the order were heavier than seemed warranted by the dangers against which the order was organized” (48). In Salem, one belongs to God or the devil, and no other variants are accepted. Nearly every character in the book is concerned with the idea of being good as their beliefs and religion teach them to face God as a decent person after they die. Some people’s concern for goodness reflects what they are in other peoples’ eyes. As for Parris, he is guided by neighbors’ views which are brightly shown in the play’s opening. Parris is more worried about what the visitors will think about him than the health of his daughter. It is especially felt in his words to Abigail: “I have fought here three long years to bend these stiff-necked people to me, and now when some good respect is rising for me in the parish, you compromise my very character” (Miller 54). Parris’s concerns to be and stay good in other peoples’ minds show a wrong perception of what “being good” truly means. Focusing on the outside, the preacher forgets about the importance of the inside. Being a decent example of kindness and honor, one should always start from the soul, clear mind, and proper actions. Parris, however, shows the attitude to other people by characterizing them as “stiff-necked”. Some people in the book also use the lie to stay decent from other people’s perspectives. Abigail follows the example of Tituba by deceptively admitting witchery, and she does that to persuade the Salem residents that she is a good person.