ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
About S-OIL In the first place, it is essential to discover some general details about the company and its operations. In this case, S-OIL is a Korean enterprise that operates in oil segment and specializes in manufacturing products such as petrochemical, petroleum, lubricant, and polysilicon. With its headquarters in Seoul, it can be discovered as one of the most profitable companies in the country that functions in the energy sector. It has almost $17,9 trillion in sales. At the same time, it exports 60% of its products worldwide. History S-OIL was founded in 1976, and it was highly focused on gaining leading positions in the oil industry. Effective managerial practices led to the fact that the company became one of the market frontrunners in petroleum, lubricant, and polysilicon production while emphasizing the importance of safety and environment at the same time. In 1990, Bucker-C Cracking Center was established, and this facility helped modernize and improve the products that were vulnerable to changes in the business environment. It made the company one of the leaders in oil refinery segment and allowed it to reduce waste and become eco-friendly. In 2001-2005, S-OIL started to export its products such as ultra-low sulfur oil to Japan, Hong-Kong, Asia, the USA, and Oceania. Thus, in 2011, the company decided to expand its facilities and develop a new complex to gain recognition in the petrochemical industry. Today, it continues to grow and works on a new project to enter the petrochemical market successfully. S-OIL and Its Values In turn, the company’s philosophy and values are reflected in its mission and vision. In this case, the enterprise not only wants to focus on production of high-quality products but also has a desire to support the development of society and protect the environment. In this instance, the company operates under the principle “executing systematic social contribution activity”. In this case, this approach complies with the concepts of sustainability, since S-OIL has outstanding financial performance ($17,9 trillion in sales), produces ecologically-friendly products, and pays vehement attention to the satisfaction of community needs by relying on “Sunshine Sharing” campaign. S-OIL Values and Sustainability As it was mentioned earlier, the company focuses on the principles of sustainability. In this instance, to support “Sunshine Sharing” campaign and underline the value of love and ‘sunshine’ in the society, the company organizes different activities. For example, it established funds
In management, motivation is one of the main drivers of success. Planning in business includes goal setting, which works best with the employment of motivation of the workers. Motivation serves to encourage the employees to take more effort to achieve the final goal. There are a number of ways to practice motivation. An employer may motivate the workers using force, fear, or intimidation. In this case, the stimuli serving to motivate the employees are mainly negative; they create a tense environment at the workplace and are likely to become the reasons of low job satisfaction, turnover, employee shortage and loss of skillful and high performing people. To successfully and effectively motivate the workers the employers use monetary rewards. The compensation professionals work out complex systems designed to predict and satisfy various needs of the employees. Compensation and benefits may include monetary bonuses assigned for exceptional p
Introduction Advancement in technology has paved way to what many people consider as web communication. Web communication in real sense is a complex term that is defined different by different individuals in the world. For better understanding of web communication, different scholars have broken down the term into three critical areas that include the social media, web based content and analytic (Geest, 2001). Social media simply refers to that people use to create or develop an engaged community of users. For instance, social media entails things such as the wikis, social networks and blogs among others. These things are of much important because they act as critical tools in communication (Lipson & Day, 2005). They are simply formed based on communication among individuals in the society. About wed based content, web communication can be considered more than creation of social media content. Website content is regarded useful in people lives in the world. With emails and other outdoor campaigns, web communication has become vital aspects based on the context of people interactions in modern society. In web communication, analytics are important since they enable individuals to tack themselves on other people’s existing jobs description. Analytics are considered vital since they enable individuals to evaluate themselves in what they might be doing hence proving their value in being able to overcome their tasks (Mattingly, 2011). Discussion To explore the concept of web communication, this study examines some interesting areas that are considered viable in web communication field. Such areas include web 2.0, blogging, internet footprint and digital shadow. Web 2.0 Web 2.0 is quite a contradictory term that left people with different meaning of the term. Many people perceive web 2.0 as updated or current version of web which in real sense it is not. Websites developers and designers consider web 2.0 as a platform and a democracy kind of website that has emerged due to drastically growth in technology. Web 2.0 can be defined as website that brings democracy in the use of internet. It encompasses web applications that encourage people participatory in things such as sharing information, airing views or opinions and World Wide Web collaborations. Web 2.0 is an important website because it gives people the opportunity to interact freely with one another. It allows different individuals to collaborate with each other without limitations. Through the emergent of web, 2.0 people have been able to view contents that they have created without any limitations (Shuen, 2008). There are different forms of web 2.0 that are in use today. Such web 2.0 types include video sharing site, blogs, hosted services, networking sites, web applications, folk sonomies and mashups among others. Web 2.0 is a term that is closely associated with Tim O’Reilly due a web 2.0 conference held by O’Reilly in the year 2004. It is a critical wed version that offers fertile grounds through which different individuals
A Question to Answer In his film Raise the Red Lantern , Zhang Yimou explores various issues which have existed in the Chinese society. The film dwells upon social and political peculiarities of the Chinese society of the 1920s. It also focuses on gender roles and the roles played by women. It is possible to raise a variety of questions concerning ethics and morality, spirituality and sexuality. However, it can be also interesting to look into female behavioral patterns in certain circumstances. Admittedly, women in the courtyard have to endure loads of constraints. They are locked in the small area where they have to confront each other. They are forced to play a game with really cruel rules. The five female characters develop different behavioral patterns, i.e. alienation, rebel and acceptance. The Setting In the first place, it is important to consider the circumstances that shape the females’ behavior. The Chinese society is based on the principles of ethics and morality. Thus, the family is the core of the Chinese society as it has been stipulated that a good family is the basis of a strong society (Neo 3). Notably, it was believed that females were to be protected from the hardships of the world within their families in the 1920s (Neo 3). Therefore, women were shut in courtyards to be protected from the cruel world. The courtyard depicted by Yimou appears to be much more dangerous. It is also necessary to pay some attention to the concept of masculinity in the society of the first part of the twentieth century. Neo stresses that men were seen as masters of the courtyard and their masculinity was often ‘measured’ by the number of their mistresses (4). Hence, the more mistresses a men had, the more masculine he was seen. Admittedly, women were rather objects than human beings. Therefore, women could be treated as objects, i.e. they could be sold, they could be punished and they could be even killed. Obviously, the society like that was shaping females’ behavior. Behavioral Patterns The First Type of Alienation The first behavioral pattern to be discussed is alienation. Yuru is the first mistress of Master Chen. She is as old as her husband and she has a child. She has spent too much time shut in the courtyard and she seems completely alienated. She is almost unseen in the film and she does not participate in the struggle for the Master’s attention. She pertains to the past. It seems she simply stopped fighting a long time ago. The reason why she develops such a behavioral pattern is unclear. Though, at the end of the film, it becomes apparent that immorality and vice which have always reigned in the courtyard made Yuru distance herself from the reality. Yuru seems calm as if she accepts her being neglected. More so, she is likely to be grateful for this neglect as she can enjoy peace and certain happiness. This is her way to escape from the doom of the courtyard. Acceptance Another behavioral pattern is acceptance of the rules and development of skills to play the ‘game’ properly. The second
Introduction The American Chinese Exclusion Act was signed in 1882; according to it, Chinese immigrants were prohibited from entering the territory of the United States for work and living. Despite the time, these measures caused by economic and cultural confrontation have an impact on modern society as well. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the American Chinese Exclusion Act through the lenses of history, humanities, natural and applied sciences, and social sciences. Main body The restriction of Asian immigration was originated from increased competition between native-born Americans and Chinese immigrants. Between 1850 and 1860, approximately 50.000 Chinese entered the United States for jobs in railroad and mining industries; over several decades, the Chinese population was significantly extending (Young, 2017). The first reason for native resentment was derived from the belief that Chinese immigrants were an “unassimilable, even subversive group” due to differences in physical characteristics, traditional appearance, language, and preserved native culture (Young, 2017, p. 220). Economic confrontation played a significant role as well since immigrants were prepared to serve in various capacities for lower compensation in contrast with native workers. Labor issues and nativist resentment resulted in the development of political campaigns against Chinese residents. The Americans’ demands of immigration restriction and limitation of rights for the Chinese led to the Chinese Exclusion Act, signed in 1882 (Young, 2017). It suspended immigration from China and existed until 1943 when China became the ally of the US in World War II (Howling Pixel, n.d.). Chinese laborers who stayed in America were obliged to perform eligibility certificates for legal work and living. The Chinese Exclusion Act exerted a significant influence on the further development of the country and modern society. It can be regarded through the four general education lenses: history, humanities, natural and applied sciences, and social sciences. The reinforcement of immigration policy in America started at the end of the 19th century has a relevant connection to the lens of history. It resulted not only in the reduction of the Chinese population in the United States but in the development of the nativist movement that c
Introduction Before becoming the powerful economic and geopolitical force at the turn of the 21st century that China is known for today, it experienced an increasingly challenging and tumultuous history. Starting with the latter 19th century, as the world entered into the modern and globally interconnected era, China was forced out of its highly isolationist and traditionalist worldview. As a result, for more than a century, China struggled to find its identity both politically and socially, facing a series of crises and upheavals that offered little stability and greatly impacted its struggling people. In order to explore these transitions, the paper is broken down into four key time periods that will examine the distinct events and impacts of the era on Chinese sociopolitical history. 19 th Century Turmoil Through the 18 th century and into the 19 th century, China maintained an imperial system under the Qing dynasty. China was participating in the world economy trading goods but maintained an isolationist position. By the mid-19 th century, the country was experiencing significant internal strains combined with imperial pressures of Western countries. Internal pressures included rapidly increasingly population which grew by 150 million in the 19th century alone, and lack of food supply. This led to a series of rebellions, the most well known of which are the Taiping Rebellion (1851-1864) and the Boxer Rebellion (1898-1901). The Taiping Rebellion was started by a Christian-based religious group with nationalist agenda which became known as the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. The rebellious group gained significant support, and occupied large territories across the Yangtze valley for a decade. The rebellion turned into a full-fledged civil war which became one of the bloodiest wars in history with anywhere between 20 and 70 million dead. Eventually the Qing dynasty and its allies prevailed in their defeat of rebels but resulted in draconic suppression and control over rebellious regions. 1 Since the early 19th century, the West was experiencing a strong imbalance in trade with China, resulting in the outflow of money and silver to the country. Europe had few commodities, so the European nations, led particularly by the British Empire brought opium to China. Quickly realizing the addictive and destructive nature of opium for its population, China attempts to ban opium. This resulted in the Opium Wars of 1839 and 1856 in which China was defeated and forced into ‘open-port’ treaties where foreign countries essentially controlled trade in port cities in China as well as losing territory such as Hong Kong
The current stage in the development of human civilization is closely related to the use of technology. There are hardly any industries today that have not yet found the use of technology to automate, optimize, or simplify professional tasks. Such widespread use of such tools could not help but cause philosophical and historical studies to determine the relationship between technology, state, and human. Thus, one of the primary ideological authors who studied the technocratic foundations is considered to be the American writer Neil Postman. The fundamental thesis of his writings is that technology contributes to the development of human communities but that it is so fleeting and rapid that many of the irreversible changes go unnoticed. This essay describes the fundamental principles of technocracy according to Neil Postman’s teachings. The primary tool of humans was not technology as it is known. Instead of smartphones and computers, individuals of antiquity used stones, sticks, and ropes to create. According to Postman (2011), cultures that used tools were characterized by two functional features. On the one hand, such societies could use tools for applied tasks, whether calculating windmills or obtaining hydropower. Technology also had an applied meaning on a less extensive level: kitchen utensils, tools for hunting, and other manual labor also served the function of solving concrete, urgent tasks. On the other hand, the use of implements may have been symbolic of addressing issues related to philosophy, religion, politics, or art. It is noteworthy that the development of technology can be associated with declining a community’s cultural traditions. More specifically, the emergence of technological solutions to simplify tasks eventually leads to losing the phenomena and processes they replaced. For example, oral speech becomes less critical with the advent of writing, and writing by hand ceases to be relevant with the proliferation of typewriters. Similar metamorphosis occurs with cultural sovereignty: the beginning of unified tools erases cultural differences and changes the profile of the community (Postman, 2011; Anderson & Rainie, 2018). At the same time, new cultural formations emerge and develop, which means that civilization inevitably changes over time. Such changes are especially evident in the religion-technology paradigm, where society’s religious and moral foundations decline due to scientific progress. According to Postman, religion and faith begin to be perceived as weak and inhibitors of the progressive movement stimulated by technology (Postman, 2011). The more factories, factories, and engineering plants opened, the more discoveries humans made about the universe, and the weaker faith became. Consequently, technology was seriously damaging the moral and religious tradit
The Vampire Diaries is one of the most successful TV series worldwide. This is a story of a teenage girl who falls in love with a vampire and has to struggle against evil creatures that haunt the fictional town of Mystic Falls. The intended audience of the TV series is teenagers and young adults, especially females. The TV series is a kind of modern fairy tale about a beautiful princess and her prince charming fighting with dragons. Admittedly, there is certain fascination with vampires among female teenagers and young adults. Vampires are often romanticized and regarded as a symbol of eternal youth and aristocratic charm. Stephan is a strong and decisive ‘young’ man who is ready to do anything for his beloved, Elena ( The Vampire Diaries ). Remarkably, it is one of girls’ universal dreams to be loved by all men in the world or, at least, two men. Love triangles have been popular for decades and centuries. Therefore, this story could be no exception and Damon makes the story appeal to the TV series’ fans. Importantly, the TV series meets its fans’ needs and the story is full of love, hatred, revenge and action. Apart from the love story, the TV series includes numerous flashbacks, which are always interesting to see. Viewers can see the life as it was one or two centuries ago. Clearly, people are not looking for historical accuracy in the TV series, but for teenagers and young adults it is still exciting to see the way people lived and loved in the nineteenth century. It is necessary to add that the story unveils in a small town and teenagers are involved. Thus, the world of teenagers with its major features is described. Fans of the TV series can recognize themselves and associate themselves with the protagonists as they watch scenes of parties, schools, houses and everyday life of ordinary people. At the same time, there is another side of the world, the mystic one. Special effects of the TV series contribute to creation of the mystic world of the fictional haunted town. Again, contemporary viewers are accustomed to high-quality special effects and it is rather hard to surprise them. Almost each episode of the TV series contains special effects and action. Supernatural forces and different creatures interact, which makes the TV series very spectacular. The TV show appeared in 2009 a year after the worldwide success of the film Twilight . It is possible to note that the success of a vampire story encouraged filmmakers to create more works concerning vampires. Though, now The Vampire Diaries is one of the iconic TV series of the late 2000s. The TV series can be regarded as an example of a successful TV product that meets people’s expectations. There are interesting plot twists and nice special effects. The development of the characters is also remarkable. However, it is possible to add some new touches to the TV series. Thus, the TV series makers can consider moving to other locations. It is rea
Executive summary Mahatma Gandhi is perhaps the greatest leader of the millennium. His leadership pioneered peaceful and non-violent civil disobedience and set the stage for the development of human rights. Ghandi used transformative, people-centred, charismatic and servant leadership to lobby for India’s independence from the British. He was particularly a good power manager and never rose above his followers. He voluntarily decided to be poor, fasted for days as a way of passing his disapproval and even dressed in the same way as his followers. Gandhi set a legacy that has been instrumental in the fight for freedom. This report discusses Gandhi’s leadership style and behaviour, and his power management skills. Introduction Mahatma Gandhi was a great leader. When one reads his many famous quotes, there is no doubt that they were informed by an in-depth understanding of leadership (Nath 2010). Gandhi is no doubt among the greatest political personalities who lived during the twentieth century. His influence is far-reaching and he is credited to be the inspiration behind the leaders of the American Civil Rights Movement. “Gandhi was born in Gujarat on October 2 nd 1869, and was assassinated on January 30 th 1948” (Yates 2013, p. 1). Mahatma was a charismatic leader, who was analytical and deliberate in his behaviour. A product of the colonial era Gandhi was interestingly inspired by the Bhagavad-Gita, which had been written many years before he was born. He was an orator, a politician, an intellectual and a writer. He was indubitably a quite complex human being, one who believed in voluntary subordination and simplicity and yet had a strong stand about his vision for a free society. This report is an analysis of the behaviour and leadership style of Ghandi, the transactional and transformative aspects of his leadership and the way he used the power he had to help India gain Independence. Gandhi’s leadership style and behaviour According to Dalglish and Miller (2010, p. 94), “A people-centred leader stresses concern for people”. Gandhi was such a leader. His people-minded leadership is confirmed by his ahimsa principle. Gandhi used this principle to urge his followers to love all humans regardless of whether they are their friends or enemies. The ahimsa principle was informed by his belief in non-violence ( Gandhis Non-violence n.d.). Gandhi not only urged his followers to refrain from physically harming their opponents (the British) but he also urged them to avoid developing ill-will and hatred towards them. Therefore, non-violence was not all about avoiding physically harming the British. Mahatma believed that the colonialists in India needed to be convinced of their injustice and not to be punished ( Gandhis Non-violence n.d.). It can therefore be argued that Gandhi was focussed on having a virtuous following while protesting against the injustices of the British colonialists. This proves the fact that he was a people-centred leader. The Satyagraha principle, that was basically an extension of ahimsa principle, was also instrumental in the fight against colonialism by the British. It means ‘soul-force’ and i