ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction In order to become an effective leader in the field of healthcare, a person has to understand and follow codes of moral and legal principles. It is essential for nursing leaders, in particular, as they may face many ethical dilemmas every day (Oh & Gastmans, 2015). The profession of a nurse is defined by a variety of standards that assist healthcare professionals to fulfill their responsibilities and duties. While legal guidelines are often transparent and impartial, ethical problem management is much more obscure and individual (Marquis & Huston, 2017). Therefore, it is necessary for a nurse to learn how to separate such issues. The concept of legal standards deals with people’s basic needs and rights. It is narrow in its focus and usually recognizes a set list of concerns. Morality is the idea of correctness and rightness that is constructed on people’s experiences and applied to the life of society (Marquis & Huston, 2017). The law and morality do not always correspond – sometimes, one needs to be breached to support the other. Finally, ethics is the conceptual framework that explores the notions of right and wrong which people define according to their own values (Marquis & Huston, 2017). Nurses utilize all of these codes in their practice, as their work deals with other people’s safety and well-being. The purpose of this paper is to analyze an ethical dilemma from past experiences and consider actions that could have been taken by a nursing leader to resolve it. Dilemma While nursing managers are expected to be skilled and empathetic leaders, they do not always possess these qualities. On the other hand, sometimes the position of a manager is taken by a person who does not treat his/her subordinates and peers equally and fairly. In my experience, one of such healthcare professionals had a strained relationship with another nurse, a man who had recently entered the team. The actual reasons for the conflict were unclear to the staff, as the young man appeared to be working hard and connecting with patients and other nurses reasonably well. However, the nurse manager often pointed out some mistakes in his activities and noted that he was not prepared to work in the hospital alongside other professionals. As the manager did not openly say anything that would constitute harassment or discriminatio
Introduction Sound recruitment and selection systems are more important than reward systems. The presence of qualified staff in business enterprises has a lot of benefits, with regard to increasing market share and growth, as well as maximizing on profits by organizations. Innovation is a key factor to success for any businesses. It is essential that the human resource departments of all organizations pay close attention to the strategies that enhance innovation (Cohen, 2009, p. 8). This paper discusses reasons why sound recruitment and selection systems are more significant compared to reward systems. Recruitment and selection systems vs. reward systems Effective recruitment and selection of employees are instrumental to success of organizations, particularly in meeting their visions, missions, goals, and objectives (Wylie & Jolly, 2013, p. 10). This can be achieved by integrating recruitment and selection systems. Poor recruitment and selection of workers can lead to increased costs (Gilmore & Williams, 2012, p. 89). These costs include increasing labor turnover and lowering morale of the existing employees among other costs (Linz, 2004, p. 261). Hiring the right people for the right jobs can be a significant challenge without recruitment and selection systems (Carless, 2007, p. 155). Reward systems are not necessities in organizations, considering that there is no need of rewarding employees particularly when they perform poorly. For instance, the findings of survey data on recruitment and selection systems in the USA confirms that most established companies depend on these systems for improved performance or productivity (Piotrowski & Armstrong, 2006, p. 489). Through interviewing HR managers of these companies, the researchers found that over 90% of 1000 organizations in the US integrate recruitment and selection systems. Most of them preferred having recruitment and selection systems over other systems including reward systems. Their simplicity also enables the management to monitor and adopt them easily through a continuous practice and experience (Gregory, Meade & Thompson, 2013, p. 1950). In other words, employees must improve their workplace performance in order to be rewarded. To increase the rate of performance, human resource managers ensure that employees get trained and assigned jobs that they are good at, within their respective organizations (Hart, 2006, p. 263). As aforementioned, efficient recruitment and selection of employees helps organizations meet their strategic goals and objectives. Rewarding employees does not contribute to this achievement. The practice is an additional cost that organizations incur (Stern, 2011, p. 11). For instance, Bruce (2013) reports on Starbucks’ plan for its employees and customers during holidays. The company’s strategy of rewarding employees and customers frequently and making holiday gifts cheaper can be pleasing to them, but it affects the company in one way or the other. It is like an additional cost that the company will incur. According to Howard Schultz (Star
Introduction Misconception is considered as “any unfounded belief that does not embody the element of fear, good luck, faith, or supernatural interventions” (Hancock, 1940, p. 208). This can be also misunderstandings, misleading or misinterpretating ideas and facts (Barrass, 1984). This particular essay aims at explaining some of the misconceptions that kindergarten students have concerning the behavior of the sun. The conceptual frameworks of all the kindergarten students are developed from their day to day experiences, and as they mature up, they get new perspectives about life and things around them. Nevertheless, children’s understanding of the world and everything that surrounds them runs counter to many scientific explanations. For instance, a lot of kindergarten students have numerous misconceptions about the sun. Misconception Some pupils after being asked “Where does the sun go at night?” argue that it disappears, runs away from the moon, goes behind the moon, is covered by the cloud up or goes to sleep. This type of answers shows how the pupils relate the behavior of the sun to what they normally see around. Other students when they are asked about what the sun is argue that it is a ball of fire, something that reflects light, a kind of a foil or something that is shiny (Sweetland’s, 2011). Children have always thought their way in trying to explain or analyze the occurrences of nature. So, there are many misconceptions of the sun, there are correct answers to some assumptions or incorrect statements that children make trying to explain the behavior of the sun. Correct scientific explanations The sun moves from east to west across the sky Answers: The sun actually appears to be moving from east to west across the sky. This is due to the clockwise rotation of the earth; the sun moves behind a cloud. The clouds are actually the ones that move across the sky between the sun and earth, so the sun does not come up on stormy days. The sun is still in the same place in the sky, but the thickness of the clouds prevent the light from getting through them. When the sun goes down the moon comes up. The orbits of the sun and that of the moon do not depend on each other. Sometimes the moon comes out during the day, but the brightness of the sun makes it invisible. The above mentioned are the main truths about our sun. A kindergarten child should be given detailed information for him/her to grasp the facts of earth science. The correct explanation of where the sun goes during the night is that the earth is always in a constant clockwise motion when the sun is in the place when we seeit, we call this period daytime. As the day goes by, the earth slowly turns on its own axis (Kagan, 2011). Finally, when the sun is in the position when we do not see it, this is called night time. Therefore, the sun does not hide from the moon or go to sleep or disappear. Another correct answer is on what is the sun. The sun is not a ball of fire, or a shiny object, or something that reflects the ligh
Essential Characteristics Hotel des Bergues Geneva, located in the city by the same name, is part of the Four Seasons luxury hotel chain. As with all Four Seasons hotels, it is owned by a private entity, and the company provides its brand and management expertise for a portion of the profits (Watts & Parks, 2018). It is a high-end hotel, featuring a range of spacious and attractive accommodations as well as extensive services. Four Seasons Hotel des Bergues (n.d.) lists attractions such as a rooftop spa and a Michelin Star-awarded Italian restaurant and positioning benefits such as an excellent view of the Alps, the lake after which it is named, and the Old Town of Geneva. The hotel adheres to Four Seasons’ principle of offering luxury and comfort to travelers throughout the world. It does so not through the usage of overly expensive design but rather through tasteful applications of style and an emphasis on friendly and outstanding personnel interactions. Brand Identity Visual Representations Four Seasons tends not to emphasize its brand, putting its name above the entrance but preferring to let the quality of its services speak for itself. To that end, every part of the hotel is designed to convey style and luxury without appearing gaudy or overbearing. The shared corridors and rooms of the location are maintained in a classical manner, albeit with some modern modifications. However, while exhibiting a similar aesthetic in individual furniture designs, the private guest rooms are carefully crafted to be comfortable and match the contemporary traveler’s needs. Promise and Persona Analysis The promise of Four Seasons in general, and Hotel des Bergues Geneva in particular, is one of a perfectly comfortable stay where all of one’s needs are taken care of without excessive invasions of privacy. As mentioned above, the location emphasizes staff quality over expensive furnishings to achieve this purpose, hiring the best workers and training them to serve the guests in the most excellent manner possible. Kopelman (2019) lists notions such as a shared database of regular customer preferences and describes several scenarios where the workers went above the call of duty to ensure that the guests’ problems were resolved. In one case, an employee found a tuxedo for a guest who needed it on short notice, while in the other, a receptionist helped a guest via the phone for half an hour to ensure that they would arrive at a meeting on time. Brookes, Mariussen, Bowie
Introduction David Potter, in his book, “ The Impending Crisis ,” analyzed in detail issues, events, and personalities that occurred in American history between 1848 and 1861. The author explored the genesis and impacts of the conflict between the South and the North. Potter argued that although the Northerners and Southerners had common ideals that tied them together as a nation, social, economic, and racial factors deeply divided American society. Potter showed how these factors divided the American society into two different societies with incompatible ideologies, values, and institutions. A conflict between the South and the North later arose and compelled the South to agitate for secession. Potter argued convincingly that language, politics, the legal system, religion, and an interdependent economy served to unite the American society for a common nationhood. While the South valued a rural, agriculture-based social structure, the Northern society had advanced to commercial, industrial, and urbanized system and regarded itself as a free society (p. 371). Therefore, the book review asserts that, despite sectional differences, the commonalities allowed the U.S. to overcome challenges during the antebellum period and ultimately emerge as a superpower in global politics. Summation of Chapter 11-20 In chapter 11, Potter described economic and political development in the South and examined the impact of South’s institutions on the lifestyles of people. It was during the slavery period that the economic and political divisions between the North and the South became clear. While the South’s economy had an agricultural basis, industrialization was the ba
Fundamental elements of culture, including locus of control and power distance, are influenced by a variety of factors, such as historical and socioeconomic changes that impact the development of culture. These influences justify the major geographical differences between cultures and their elements. Comparing the United States and India in terms of locus of control and power distance can offer a valuable insight into the differences evident between the two cultures. In my opinion, the locus of control in India varies greatly depending on the person’s socioeconomic circumstances, as well as demographic factors, such as age, gender, and level of education. For example, a study by Gajendran and Nagle showed that male youth tend to have an internal locus of control, whereas, in females, the locus of control is usually external (145). Indeed, Indian culture has a significant degree of gender inequality, despite women’s rights efforts evident in recent years. The variation in the locus of control across the society can also be driven by age, level of education, and socioeconomic factors. First of all, in Indian culture, older people are respected and are perceived to be wiser and more independent. Younger people, on the other hand, might experience more pressure from society and their families to make certain decisions, which leads to a higher degree of external locus of control in youth as opposed to older generations. The level of education and socioeconomic position are tightly linked in Indian society. People with higher education and above tend to have greater career prospects, which gives them more control over their lives (Shifter and Sutton 575). This is also true for Indian culture. In terms of power distance, I believe that India ranks higher than many other countries due to the inequality of wealth and power in society. There are many disadvantaged groups in India, and there are also wealthy families that are at the top of the social hierarchy. Although India is widely perceived to be the world’s largest democracy, the social hierarchy is perceived to be important, and the caste system is relatively stable, thus leading to a higher power distance within the culture. My opinion on this matter was also supported by research on the topic, which showed that India has a power distance of 77, which is high compared to the global average of 55 (Juhasz 41). However, the research also indicates that Indian culture is undergoing a significant change, which will positively impact this dimension of culture in the future. In the United States, both the power distance and the locus of control are different. For instance, I believe that there is less variation in the locus of control based on age and gender in American culture. Although the elders are respected, they do not have more power than the younger generations; similarly, the impact of gender on the decision-making power is lower, which allows females to have the same locus of control as males. However, there
A coach partaking in a team prayer led by team captains is a demonstration of the unconstitutionality of an organized prayer at public educational institutions. It is stated that “organized prayer in the public school setting, whether in the classroom or at a school-sponsored event, is unconstitutional. The only type of prayer that is constitutionally permissible is private, voluntary student prayer that does not interfere with the school’s educational mission” (ADL, 2021). In other words, a coach being an educator and trainer for students in a public educational facility is not allowed to engage in an organized prayer since the activity also involves team captains. A public school, being a part of the government, must not establish a religion under the mandates of the Establishment Clause (ADL, 2021). In other words, teachers, including the coach, must not “pray with or in the presence of students in school or in their capacities as teachers or representatives of the school” since doing otherwise will promote religious establishment (ADL, 2021). It is important to point out the fact that coaches and educators play a unique role in the Establishment Clause since they are authorities for an audience comprised of individuals in their highly impressionable and vulnerable stages. In other words, it is imperative for the governmental bodies, such as public schools and their subsequent professionals, to be involved in the establishment process of religion. Therefore, prayers are categorized as a legal violation and unconstitutional. However, in accordance with the First Amendment, educators are allowed to practice their religion through private means with no any form of impact on the students. Reference ADL. (2021). Prayer in public schools. Anti-Defamation League.
Residential properties give higher returns than commercial property. Residential properties had total returns of about 9%. The retail sector had 8%, office sector 6%, and industrial sector 7% between 2002 and 2011 (Morrison 2012, p. 19). Residential property gave total returns of 11.3%, 8.2% capital growth, and 2.9% income returns in 2011. Residential property also reported 98% occupancy rate for rental property that charged between £250 and £3,000 per week (Morrison 2012, p. 20). Residential properties provide a better opportunity compared to commercial property (see exhibit 1). South West London and Central London have been chosen because they represent areas with the highest capital growth rates (Savills World Research 2013, p. 1). The regions are likely to have high capital gains (see exhibit 3 and 4). South East and North London are chosen to be used for comparison. Aldsgate and Beckenham are chosen because they are areas with a high turnover rate. Aldsgate has 12.5% turnover rate, and Beckenham 15.5% (Property values in East Central London 2013). Reselling property in these areas may be easier than other regions in London. The market prices of property in Central and South East London are considered to be higher than the real income growth. It poses the risk of prices collapsing after the housing boom. Workers within these areas may find it favorable to move out of these regions and seek employment elsewhere. However, the house prices in these regions are expected to rise for a decade (Cost of homes forcing buyers out of London and the south east, research suggests 2013). Many workers yearn to purchase houses before the prices rise further. The prices are driven by demand from foreign investors. Foreign investors accounted for 60% of sales between 2010 and 2011 (Heywood 2012, p. 30). Investors from the Far East represent a big proportion of the investors. Most of the investors are from “Hong Kong followed by China, and then China” (Heywood 2012, p. 31). Foreign investors from Asia have a high demand for newly-built houses. Housing associations and the local government built 44% of the new houses in London in the year 2011/2012. It is much higher compared to an average of 25% for England in general (Heywood 2012, p. 18). These houses are built to increase affordability. 71% of the houses built in London are classified as affordable compared to 51% in England. Resale of property may be much easier in London than other parts of England. The median income in 2012 was £643 per week and house rent was £275 per week for a 2 bed house (Heywood 2012, p. 21). It makes about 43% of weekly income which may be considered affordable for a person earning the median income. Most houses in London are flats which need a surveyor to check their interior condition. They are valued on a per square foot basis (Hobson 2012, p. 17). The cost per square foot in Bayswater W2 is about £1,000 for a flat that has not been refurbished. The price is about £1,500 per square foot in Kensington W8 (Mo
The Tempest is a very theatrical play as it contains many elements of theatre. The elements such as action, diction, special effects, music, storms and dancing makes it an interesting play for dramatic performance. The play operates on illusion to bring out dramatic effect. Theatre is an illusion in itself and for this reason; Shakespeare creates an imaginary Island to heighten the illusion. The fact that Prospero’s magic is not effective just anywhere, but in a special place adds more illusion to the tragicomedy. The element of language as a theatrical device is used to heighten the drama. To quote one of the many incidences where language enhances drama is Act 1; scene ii. In these scene characters creates jokes about language. Ferdinand having met a goddess-like creature is amazed the creature could speak his tongue “My language Heavens! (Vaughan & Vaughan 42) Another element that makes The tempest an interesting piece for dramatic performance is the presence of a sorcerer, Ariel. Most people detest the idea of consulting a sorcerer and having one in the tempest creates a controversy. However, the presence of Ariel in the play is important since it enhances the powerful character of Prospero. The latter uses magic to control everyone and everything under his jurisdiction. Ariel has turned out to be his savior in the most desperate situation as evident from the beginning of the play where Ariel rescues him from an island (Vaughan & Vaughan 26). The appearance of Ariel at every scene creates a dramatic irony as the other characters except Prospero are not aware of what is happening. The realization that it was Ariel who had created the tempest is very dramatic as all along even the audience has been in darkness. Ariel is important as he creates the motion of the play and further heightens the conflict between the characters. Conflict builds tension which is an important element in a theatrical presentation. Like Ariel, Prospero’s books are also magical and give him immense power. The magical power of the books heightens the drama especially when Caliban sends Stephano and Trinculo to seize them. He instructs them “Remember / First to possess his books, for without them / He’s but a sot” (Vaughan & Vaughan 102). The act creates anticipation in the audience as they eagerly wait to see how Prospero will progress without his magic. The main aim of drama is to invoke the audience to think along the lines of the issues raised in the play. Prospero’s attachment to his books is what alienates him from reality, and almost causes his downfall. He perceives his duty as the duke of Milan as interference to his reading habit, and he delegates the role to his brother. The habit is what made him to raise Miranda in isolation, hence the anticipation to see what would befall him even he is isolated from the two magic. The ending of the play is extremely theatrical as it brings the audience back to reality from the illusionary world created in the play. Prospero realizes he has to surrender his magic power as he cannot continue living in the world of illusion. Though illusionary world can be delightful and educative, human beings must be t