ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction According to Robert et al. (1027), the quest for a cleaner and sustainable environment is ongoing. The reason for the growth of environmental activism is that the resources that are vital for the sustenance of human life, like water, have been declining at a quick pace. Taking an example from the issue of climate change, it is noted that one of the impacts of the degradation of the environment is growing desertification. This denotes a decline in the supply of water to the population in areas that are affected by desertification. The rate at which clean water sources are declining is quite high, leaving populations exposed to waterborne ailments. Cases of waterborne diseases are often reported in the developing world. The severity of the case of water scarcity can be best explained by the inclusion of the problem of water as one of the main goals of one of the greatest development frameworks in the world- the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The issue of access to safe drinking water occupies goal seven in the millennium development goals (UNICEF and World Health Organization 5). According to Third World Academy of Sciences (6), approximately 75 percent of all diseases in the developing world emanate from the consumption of unclean water. According to the United Nations Report of issue of sanitation and safe drinking water, there is still a large gap between the demand and the supply of safe drinking water. While the efforts of meeting the demand for clean drinking water are ongoing, the report revealed that approximately 780 million people in the world do not have access to safe drinking water (UNICEF and World Health Organization 5). This denotes an improvement on the research that was conducted by Basani, Isham and Reilly (953) in the year 2008, which showed that over a billion people across the world did not have access to safe drinking water. This implies that there is still a need to speed the efforts of assuring the global population of the supply of clean and safe water. The implication of the observation that was made by the UNICEF and WHO is that most people in the world still use contaminated water for drinking and accomplishing a series of other domestic chores, irrespective of the risks of using that water. It should be noted that these people use contaminated water out of desperation. They cannot access clean and hygienic water, while at the same time they cannot do without this basic necessity. By extension, this means that people are caught in desperate situations, implying a smouldering crisis. In this paper, it is argued that the demand for clean water far much surpasses the ability of governments to offer clean water to their citizens, leading to the struggle for access to clean water. The continued contamination and the subsequent usage of clean water are likely to comp
Christian View The Christian philosophy has a very rigid stance on abortion, mainly due to the meaning with which it imbues the concept of human life. From the perspective of the Christian philosophy, a person is a product and manifestation of the love of God, hence the sanctity of any human life (Fleming & Robb, 2019). In addition, although every human being is born into the world with the inherent original sin according to the Biblical perspective, the Christian theory also implies that redemption and future salvation are possible since Christ introduced a thread of hope for salvation for the humankind (Fleming & Robb, 2019). Therefore, the Christian perception of human beings is most compatible with the Divine Command Theory and, by extension, the Virtue Ethics. The Christian philosophy supports the idea of the intrinsic human dignity and value, with which it justifies its stance on abortion. Theories The case in question features several different theories applied to scrutinize the ethical dilemma of following the Christian ethics by giving birth to a child that is going to be impaired for the rest of his life and having an abortion. The perspective of Jessica can be interpreted as highly religious since she is hesitant mostly due to her conviction that all life is sacred. Dr. Wilson provides the exact opposite viewpoint, which can be considered as rooted in the Utilitarianism principles. Namely, he grounds his decisions based on the outcomes that he deduces to be the most favorable for all those involved, which implies the necessity to perform an abortion in the case in point (Smyth & Lane, 2016). The specified position is justified from the Utilitarianism perspective since it suggests that the infant will be spared the suffering of living as a severely impaired individual. In contrast, Jessica will avoid possible complications associated with the birthing process. In addition, the current socioeconomic status of the couple adds to the argument that the doctor makes. Finally, Marco’s position aligns with the tenets of the Cultural Relativism Theory. Specifically, he appears to be hesitant and is willing to consider the available options, yet he needs further contemplations to take a side in the specified argument. Although the reasonability of the specified approach could be questioned given the urgency of the situation, Marco’s supportive approach appears to be the pivoting point in Jessica’s further decision. Theories and Recommendations Even when presented with the fact that the child will experience severe suffering
Purpose To seek approval of the new strategic move within the organisation operations, it is necessary for the board members to understand the importance of the move and give their verdict on the same. Due to the changes in the organisation business environment, customer relations, marketing, strategies, responsibilities and market research strategies must be approved by the board for the managing classes to realize the organisation goals and objectives (Birkinshaw, 2010, p. 71). All these subject areas need adequate changes or should be streamlined with the current business environment for the organisation to remain competitive and relevant to the targeted customers. Background Previously, the board had considered helping the management attain the organisation goals and objectives with all means possible. It is with this objective that management forwarded various recommendations to the board. Due to the increasing competition in the financial market in Australia and outside, reserve bank must be willing and able to streamline its operations and keep them in line with the global market requirements. All financial institutions around the world are working as a single unit where effects and challenge elements are being transmitted directly from one institution to the other. On the same note, the introduction of the ICT in the banking market has also completely changed the environment whereby marketing strategies, services and customers’ relationship have also been changed significantly. It is the role of the organisation to place itself in an appropriate position where it remains connected to the people or targeted customers (Kotler, 2010, p. 12). To survive the bank must be able to provide changes in this named area. Market research and social responsibility programs are expensive for the company and in most cases have no direct relationship to the company profit. It is with this notion that most financial organisations do not undertake the programs. It is wise and economically relevant for the bank to rule out programs that cover these areas. This will ensure a good future of the company because they are relevant forms of marketing and they serve well to the community hence associating with the organisation (Kotler, 2010, p. 22). Discussion Adding customer value to the organisation for competitive advantage Customers are very important stakeholders to the organisation. It is important to add value to them as a way of motivating them to add value to the organisation. To improve this situation, the bank must consider all areas that add value to the customers, such as defining values expected from the customers and meeting customer’s expectations, tastes and preferences among others. Customer value-adding is the act of adding customer motivating programs, as well as improving services given to the customers. This will help increase the bank customer base of all products offered by the bank. By expanding the customer base in all products offered, the b
What was described in the proposed video material reflects the urgent need for the intellectualization of automatic unmanned devices, namely the ability to independently build a route map depending on the obstacles encountered on the way. An ocean environment is a primary place where this mathematical tool for control is needed since the water column contains a number of barriers: flocks of fish, coral reefs, islands, contaminated layers, or any other obstacle to the free movement of AUVs (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012). Nevertheless, such a model of energy minimization combined with optimization of travel time is also fair for any other vehicle: from the highway to outer space. More than eight years have passed since this video was released, and during this time, humankind has made significant progress in automated technologies. Elon Mask’s drones, which have become commonplace, demonstrate the unique ability to bypass barriers on the road and in emergency areas, as is typical for AUVs. However, the machine cannot use the features of the air environment as it does submersible with currents and whirlpools. Then it is appropriate to shift attention to drones and automatic aircraft that can cut through air currents and use cyclone winds as a natural accelerator on the road. On the other hand, if drones travel in any of the geometric formations, modifying the distance between them may be an ap
Introduction Jazz music has been and remains one of the most common genres and is valued among the public due to its charming and vivid variations. According to Kamien (2018), this style originated as early as the beginning of the 20th century, but in the period under review since 1945, significant changes occurred. For instance, such a sub-genre of jazz as bebop became popular at this particular time, and its “sophisticated harmonies and unpredictable rhythms” were the beginning of the emergence of a new trend (Kamien, 2018, p. 395). In addition to bebop, such types of jazz as cool jazz, free jazz, jazz-rock, and some other branches appeared. Frequently, bands mixed different styles since improvisation was a characteristic feature of this genre. Therefore, musicians’ ability to play expressive melodies spontaneously speaks of their high skills. Main body The history of jazz includes many outstanding performers who made a significant contribution to the development of this music style and influenced its promotion among the audience. One of them was Dizzy Gillespie, the trumpeter who was a unique improviser. Gillespie’s style was different from that represented by other musicians with his ability to combine different melodies, creating solid compositions. As a result, the artist’s name is known today, and many jazz bands use his typical techniques. Another outstanding jazz musician of the second half of the 20th century was Miles Davis who was also a trumpeter. Kamien (2018) notes Davis’ skill to move smoothly from one pitch to another, thereby creating the effect of a continuous change of melody and mood. This artist also made a significant contribution to the development of the genre, in particular, jazz-rock not only due to his charisma but also outstanding skills. Reference Kamien, R. (2018). Music: An appreciation (9th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.
The production of the Influenza vaccine involves three stages. First, an influenza virus that has a different genome from the circulating influenza virus is identified (Rappuoli and Giudice, 2010, p.63). After identification, it is adapted for use in vaccines by growing it together with another virus strain to form a hybrid. The hybrid contains the outer components of the influenza virus and inner components of the other virus strain. Secondly, the influenza virus is grown in hen’s eggs (Rappuoli and Giudice, 2010, p.63). Eggs are preferred because of their availability and nutritive value. Thirdly, the virus is purified to make it safe. Fourthly, the virus is killed completely using toxic chemicals such as formaldehyde. The vaccine can include either live or killed influenza viruses. For example, FluMist is an influenza vaccine that contains weakened influenza viruses, and is administered as a nasal spray (Rappuoli and Giudice, 2010, p.65). The vaccine protects vaccinated people against influenza infection, and is recommended for people between the ages of 2 and 49. Most influenza vaccines that are administered through injections contain killed influenza viruses. Other vaccines are administered into the skin instead of the muscles, and contain live viruses. New vaccines are produced every year because the influenza virus is always mutating, thus forming new strains (Rappuoli and Giudice, 2010, p.66). The eight RNA strands that make up the genetic material of the virus undergo continuous mutations through the processes of antigenic drift and antigenic shift (Rappuoli and Giudice, 2010, p.67). These processes cause gradual evolution of the virus. Another reason for production of vaccines every year is due to the steady weakening of antibodies. Antibodies produced against the virus by the host’s body weaken over time and become unable to eliminate the virus. New vaccines have to be produced to eradicate the viruses that are continually changing their genomes through mutations. If new vaccines were not produced, disease control would be difficult because of the evolving nature of viruses. Vaccines play an important role in disease prevention. First, they augment the body’s immune system, thus helping it resist diseases effectively (Naff, 2004, p.34). When a vaccine is injected into the body, the body responds by producing antibodies against the antigens contained in the vaccine. If the actual disease appears after a person has been vaccinated, the antibodies produced when that person got vaccinated eradicate the disease. Secondly, vaccines prevent the prevalence of diseases in the population (Naff, 2004, p.34). Some diseases have been eradicated completely using vaccines. These diseases include Measles and Polio. Vaccines help keep these diseases away from people, and help protect non-vaccinated people from contracting them because many diseases are contracted through person-to-person infection. The possible effects of not being vaccinated for influenza and other diseases include poor health, reduc
Introduction Every company is formed with objectives and goals that it lives to achieve. The mission and vision of an organization guide its activities throughout its lifetime. The two statements are of so much importance to an organization that they give the organization a purpose for living today and an aspiration to achieve tomorrow. The organization might not even exist without the two, or it might only exist without any motive. It is important to conduct a company analysis in order to understand the current position of a company and whether its activities are in line with its mission and vision. This is where an analysis of the company’s financial strength is conducted. Its strengths, weaknesses, as well as threats and opportunities are also established. The Abu Dhabi Distribution Company (ADDC) will be analyzed in this essay. The company operates in the Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. ADDC deals in the distribution of electricity and water in the country. A brief description of the company will be given before discussing its mission. The company’s objectives and strategies that it applies to achieve its vision will then be discussed. Financial ratios and other financial statements will be used to carry out the company’s financial status in the bid to understand the company’s financial position. Relevant and appropriate models will be applied to analyze ADDC’s weaknesses and threats, as well as opportunities and strengths. This analysis will be important since it will give a direction on whether the current mission needs to be revised or should be left the way it is. In addition, it will be easy to develop effective strategies that can be adopted to achieve the company’s objectives. Finally, a discussion of the actions that should be taken in order to implement the recommended strategies will be given. Brief Company Description Abu Dhabi Distribution Company (ADDC) was established in the year 1998 in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Its main operations involve distribution of electricity and water services in the country. It is a public company that is owned by the Abu Dhabi Water and Electricity Authority. ADDC is mainly involved in construction business, provision of electricity services, as well as distribution of water to Abu Dhabi residents. Its operations are divided into three major sections: the Island of Abu Dhabi, the Western region which includes Liwa and its communities, and finally the Eastern Region comprised of Mussafah and Bani. The company is said to have about 300,000 subscribers, thus the ADDC caters for over one million users across the Emirates of Abu Dhabi. The company ensures cost effective measures in meeting its customer needs and expectations. ADDC is committed to offering services that are reliable to all its customers. Mission The mission of the Abu Distribution Company (ADDC) is: “To develop, maintain and operate a safe, efficient, and economical water and electricity distribution system in Abu Dhabi” (Abu Dhabi Government, para 3). This is the mission that guides the company’s operations. The company’s activities are geared toward ensuring that
Nature of research The research is qualitative since the aspect under research cannot be quantified. A student’s attitude cannot be measured; it can only be categorized into a particular category. For instance, a student’s attitude can be classified as arrogant or humble. Depending of the value allocated to each respondent, each of these quantities can be assigned a particular number which is used in the statistical analysis. Such categorization is referred to as coding Frequency graph Scatter plot Correlation between Q4 and Q10 There is negative correlation between Q4 and Q10. This is because the line of best fit is loping from the left to the right, that is, the gradient is negative. Nature of research This kind of research is qualitative since the responses from the respondents cannot be quantified. There is no definite answer that is expected as a response to any of the questions. Yield of survey results Survey results yield nature of relationship between different aspects. Analysis of open-ended questions To analyze open ended questions, a code system that helps classify different responses is developed. The codes are the used in the analysis process. Child tantrums versus self-control Since the more the tantrums the less the self-control, the plot is as below. This relationship is negative since an increase is the child’s tantrums indicates less self-control. Moreover, the gradient of the equation linking the two quantities is positive Correlation between study time and grade Since more study time results is a better grade, the plot is as indicated below. This relationship is positive since an increase in the study time results in better performance. Both quantities progress in the same direction. The gradient of the equation linking the two quantities is positive. Use of deception in research Every research activity is conducted to ascertain a particular hypothesis. Such researches seek to use the actual data that is collected from the field to reach certain conclusions. The results of the research are then used in the formulation of decision by the party concerned. Therefore, for reliable and accurate decisions to be made, it is vital to ensure the results of the research reflect the actual data in the field. A false conclusion can cause a lot of damage to companies or non –profit organizations. For instance, if a research is conducted to establish the relationship between advertisement costs and the units sold in a particular company, and the research indicate a negative relationship; the company is bound to cease advertising and seek another alternative to boost their sales. If research findings were deceptive, the company is bound to incur losses in the subsequent period. It is, therefore, wrong for one to use deception in research. In instances where the findings seem to contradict the null hypothesis, the conclusions of the research should still be conveyed as they are. Resear
Introduction Honesty, courtesy, trust, respect, humility, and compassion are some of the features that characterize modern working environments. An ideal employee is required to possess some of the aforementioned values as evident from some of the questions that potential job candidates are asked during employee recruiting processes. Research has revealed another phenomenon that goes contrary to the popular belief that successful employees should possess the aforementioned values. Sometimes, people who are disrespectful, overconfident, rude, inconsiderate, and dishonest are more successful than their counterparts who posses positive values (Di Salvo par4). This phenomenon begs the question why being a jerk in the workplace could pay off? Psychologists have given several reasons that answer the questions. Jerks are over confident, risk takers, less agreeable, bold, domineering, tough, and highly driven (White par3). These traits are responsible for their success. Benefits of being a workplace jerk Jerks are usually bold, risk takers, and are very independent minded (White par3). They do not follow instructions blindly if they are disagreeable to them. In the modern world of innovation and technological advancements, taking risks is an important aspect of organizational success. Jerks embody this trait that enables them to undertake projects and activities that modest employees shun. This risk-taking attitude contributes towards their success. Jerks do not follow conventional methods of doing things and in doing so, discover other approaches to solving problems and implementing strategies that are more effective (Zaslow par4). This boldness is usually rewarded by additional remuneration or job promotion. Another benefit of their attitude is that it makes them charming and domineering among their colleagues (White par5). In many cases, their attitudes are a source of irritation that results in disagreements with their colleagues (Zaslow par5). However, their willingness to dive into matters that other employees are afraid of diving into endears them to other employees. According to career coach Alan Kearns, these attitudes make their colleagues interpret their behavior as signs of superior intelligence and therefore accord them more respect (Di Salvo par6). In addition, employees are more likely to listen to people who exhibit higher intelligence than those who do not. Jerks win by taking control of workplaces with their irritating attitudes and behaviors that are usually considered inappropriate (Shea par4). They rarely care about what oth