ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Summary The motor vehicle industry mainly concerns itself with manufacturing and selling of motor vehicles and all the related parts to users. Motor vehicles have gradually continued to grow in their usefulness, influencing demand from the markets as users seek to gain from the additional features and technology that manufacturers introduce in their numerous designs and models. At present, motor vehicles come with many added features that seek to address different areas of concern, including safety, security, and efficiency. The trend, however, has been reduced costs for acquisition of such improved vehicles as the industry targets to improve profits while maintaining lean costs. However, the industry experiences numerous challenges that threaten to derail the gains that have been achieved over the years. Motor vehicles mainly depend on oil for their running, which is a challenge for the industry because global crude oil prices have been increasing almost on a daily basis (TheCapitol.Net 183). This makes it expensive to own and run a vehicle. The global financial crisis has further reduced the demand levels as more potential buyers and users have been electing to invest their money on other assets rather than buying vehicles. Changing customer tastes and preferences have equally been putting manufacturers on continuous strategy development and improvisation as efforts are pursued to beat competition and maintain profit levels. This case write-up seeks to illustrate some solutions that manufacturers have adopted in addressing the problems that afflict the industry. Firstly, the paper will explore on the changes in manufacturing strategy currently being witnessed, which includes the shift towards the developing economies in as far as locating manufacturing plants is located. Secondly, the paper will explore on the new changes in production systems that mainly aim at achieving efficiency and eliminating over dependence on oil. Lastly, the paper provides recommendations that vehicle manufacturer can adopt as a perfect way of tackling the challenges that they encounter in their activities. Strategic Analysis SWOT Analysis of the Industry Strengths The industry boasts of an expansive product line. Different manufacturers are dealing in varied brands, which enable the companies to spread their risks. Thus, poor p
English is the simplest form of communication available between people from different parts of the world. It remains an indisputable fact that most people continue to speak with an accent even after many years of learning the language. This fact generates a vast wave of discrimination, especially from native speakers. The truth is that even they begin to twist their language to achieve a certain uniqueness and dissimilarity, especially in the creative sphere. The accent, which is so difficult to get rid of when speaking another language, is that our ear gets used to filtering out frequencies from childhood that are not needed to understand native speakers. It is essential to realize that speaking with an accent is normal, that this is not a reason to discriminate against a person. Still, on the contrary, it is an excellent opportunity to help them improve their language. The policy of multiculturalism, which is the parallel coexistence of different cultures, is adjacent to the social movement “The English only movement.” The latter actively advocates establishing uniform norms of the American literary language for whites and African Americans (Park Hong). Various political and socio-economic measures designed to rid the country of racist prejudices have not yet been crowned with success. In modern sociolinguistics, a special place is given to language as a social practice that establishes power relations between representatives of various racial and class groups. The feeling of their alienness, “otherness” in a largely still segregated American society generates tensions between immigrants and the indigenous population. The color of the skin, the size of the eyes or nose remain an unbreakable barrier separating the world of immigrants from the rest of Americans. Although in recent decades, there has been a significant improvement in the material and social situation (Park Hong). The Asian experience is not the only one that shows that language discrimination is still intense, although its boundaries are significantly blurred (Kim 4). Immigrants from Russia, Latin America, and the Middle East constantly face discrimination. It is mainly due to the complexity of their native language, which is not so easy to master perfectly (Ingham). The English language will be perceived very poorly in such conditions, even with many years of study experience. Linguistic appropriation as one of the forms of cultural appropriation is perceived in the USA as a continuation of the privilege of the white population. White America does not correctly refer to primary sources, ignores the historical context, and perpetuates stereotypes about immigrants. The language of immigrants becomes the object of constant criticism from the public and the basis for linguistic discrimination (Kim 7). This language is associated not with a marker of ethnicity and a means of self-identification of its speakers but w
The War on Drugs The existence of the problem of racial disparity can be linked to several major federal cases and decisions that happened during US history. According to Hetey and Eberhardt, the prison population in the United States rapidly increased due to several changes in punitive policies (1949). First of all, this increase can be linked to the War on Drugs mentioned above. This particular campaign was intended to reduce citizens’ involvement in the illegal drug trade and discourage the consumption and production of cocaine and other drugs. The presence of racial disparities in this situation was connected to people’s economic and living environments as it created a vast difference between sentencing traffickers of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (Bailey et al. 1459). As the production of crack cocaine was cheaper than its powder version, the black population of the country was using it more frequently due to lower incomes and more limited financial capabilities (Bailey et al. 1459). The difference between sentencing guidelines deemed the process of crack cocaine trafficking to be a much more serious crime and, thus, exposed the black community to penalties and convictions “100 times harsher” and longer than those received by white people (Bailey et al. 1459). This process influenced the black community immensely and led to the rise in incarcerations and more extended sentencing periods. Although official regulations did not target the black community openly, the ideology of differentiating between two types of one drug and creating two distinct kinds of sentences exposed more impoverished communities to harsher penalties. Thus, it is possible to believe that such guidelines for punishments were based on racism and discrimination of people with lower incomes and poorer living conditions. However, the black population was not the only one affected by such regulations because other minority groups also suffered as a result of discrimination. The situation in minority communities that were affected by inadequate living conditions, limited working opportunities, and racial pressures raised the probability of drug abuse among their members. Thus, the percentages of minorities being arrested and convicted for cheap drug trafficking and consumption were much higher than those of white people. The main difference in these processes was based on the fact that individuals who were using the cheaper version of crack cocaine were judged much harsher and were possibly exposed to sentences that damaged their lives and families. Although the black population was the primary target of these regulations, the Hispanic community also suffered as a result (Clair and Winter 346). While the War on Drugs does not currently exist as an official initiative, its guidelines still affect the minority populations of the country. According to Rocque, one can outline many possible reasons for black people to be incarcerated more frequently than white people (292). For example, the problem of differential treatment so clearly defined during the years of aggressive drug p
Introduction Companies have several denominators that determine the success of their performance. These denominators are a great prerequisite for gaining significant profit margins and a solid reputation. Then, each organization is to choose an approach according to which it will operate – whether the open or closed system one. In this paper, the denominators of firms, as well as open and closed systems, will be discussed. Main body It should be claimed that four primary denominators are a characteristic of any organization. First, it is ensuring the labor division, which means that employees do their work by their skills and qualification. An example is the division of a firm into several departments where personnel is working according to their education. Second, it is working for a common objective – all staff should follow a unified business aim so that a company’s performance would be coherent and profitable. If each team member pursues the goal of completing projects substantially earlier than the deadline to enhance the company’s reputation, customers will be satisfied and retained. Third, it is ensuring hierarchy; employees should realize their place in a firm so that the business process would be consistent. For instance, engineers are accountable to managers, and the latter are accountable to directors. Fourth, it is coordinating efforts; a company is to create a set of rules and act following and in the framework of these provisions. For instance, a firm might issue a unified code of business ethics that can be obligatory to follow for all employees. It seems rational to claim that within the scope of interaction with an external environment, a system can be whether open or closed. An open system is when a company trades internationally and imports all necessary facilities. A closed system is when a firm does not tend to import any items but rather produce them within its business operations (Kortmann and Piller, 2016). Moreover, departments in such companies do not exchange information on their activities and function independently. Conclusion To conclude, four denominators of organizations were identified and analyzed. It might seem that these denominators demonstrate a great extent of interdependence, and the more they are intersected and implemented, the more significant a firm’s performance is. Finally, the primary difference between open and closed systems is that the latter does not seem to cooperate with and gain benefits from an external environment, while the first ones do.
Immigrant or American? Although epidemiological research into the establishment of nation-states demonstrates that America was built by immigrants, particularly the British immigrants, those who have been to the ‘land of opportunity’ would readily attest to the fact that it is one thing to become a U.S. citizen, and it is a totally different thing to achieve the ‘American’ status. It has always been thought that the United States, by virtue of its pluralistic nature, would readily ‘Americanize’ thousands of immigrants, who each year goes through the formal immigration processes to become U.S. citizens. Interestingly, this is not usually the case, suggesting that there is more for an immigrant of any descent to become an American than what meets the eye. Various conceptions have been advanced from several quarters in a spirited attempt to explain the above disparity. The conceptions notwithstanding, it is clear that the process of cultural assimilation plays an important role in not only Americanizing the immigrants, but also ensuring that the larger society accepts them as truly American. This implies that it is not enough for the immigrants to fill out some forms declaring that they’ve become U.S. citizens; on the contrary, they must begin a process of getting to be entirely assimilated into the American culture and the American way of life. Consequently, scholars have over time underlined the need for immigrants to shed off their individual and collective perceptions and instead replace them with the perceptions and orientations of the mainstream American society if they actually expect to be identified as truly American. Such a process, it is believed, may take years to complete. It therefore follows that immigrants must, in broad yet decisive way, be ready to peel off their localized cultures and open up their ‘cultural vaults’ so as to be assimilated into the values, beliefs, mores, and expectations of the American society. It is only by doing so that this group of people will cease to be identified as immigrants and instead be identified as Americans. Tolerating Alien Practices Being a pluralistic society, the U.S. is a melting pot for tens – perhaps hundreds – of cultural orientations, some of which are totally alien to the dominant American society. Aware of this fact, the framers of the U.S. Constitution put extra
My medical practice area is that of a privately owned clinic. This clinic will be located in the State of Florida in the United States. The customer type for my clinic will be patients and those people who need medical consultation. My stakeholders will be the local government, the ministry of public health, other clinicians and my customers or clients. My strategic partners will include the major hospitals, labor unions and pharmaceuticals. The mission of my clinic will be to heal where others try while the vision will be to become the most reliable and trusted clinic in the State of Florida. The corporate status of my clinic will be a profit based organization. The core values of the organization will be honesty, professionalism, diligence, hard work, respect of human dignity and conservation of our environment. Human resources are arguably the most important of all resources in an organization, be it a public or private sector organization. Human resources comprise of people, who are trained or have acquired certain skills, knowledge and expertise in various fields. Some people may have one type of skill while others may have multiple skills. Human resources are what drive organizations in the sense that they operationalize organizations. Human resources may include staff, employees, technicians and various specialists. Human resource management is therefore the art of managing people in order for them to be productive (Savage & Fottler, 2010). In the healthcare sector, human resources comprise of doctors, nurses, administrators and various specialists like dentists, gynecologists among others. The management of human resources in the healthcare sector plays a very crucial role in ensuring that the sector meets the expectations of the public. The role of the healthcare sector is to prevent diseases and cure or treat people while the role of the people is to give the nurses and doctors the necessary support. However, the relationship between the healthcare providers and the public is not of much importance. This is because it is determined by the manner in which the human resources are managed within the sector. If properly managed, the sector relationship with the public would be excellent while if poorly managed, it would be very poor. In the healthcare sector, management of human resources may comprise various things. One of them is the motivation of healthcare staff. This may comprise improvement of the work environment, proper remuneration of staff, and the on-the-job training of staff for them to enhance their knowledge in their respective fields. In order for the healthcare staff to function optimally, there is need to provide them with the proper equipments and materials. They need to have enough drugs as well as other materials for their work. They also need to be housed properly as well as be provided with regular leaves so as to avoid instances of being overworked. This is because many healthcare organization
Defined as a set of “context-specific organizational actions and policies that take into account stakeholders’ expectations and the triple bottom line of economic, social, and environmental performance” (Aguinis and Glavas 933), CSR is a crucial element of any organization’s framework in the global economy. Therefore, making sure that the companies operating in the Qatar environment comply with the basic principles of the concept in question is essential for the economic wellbeing thereof. Since a recent report points to the need to integrate the principles of sustainable use of resources into the framework of the local entrepreneurship (“CSR Qatar 2015” par. 1); operation, the criteria such as the necessity to promote sustainability and a reasonable allocation of resources can be deemed as the basic for the CSR strategies assessment. The necessity to consider the sustainability rates of the projects suggested by the concerned organizations lies in the very definition of CSR. Since the latter involves the promotion of responsibility, in general, including the responsible use of the resources that an organization has at its disposal, CSR can be interpreted as the means of fostering a well-balanced approach to the use of resources in general (“Sustainability Report 2014” par. 1). Apart from the above-mentioned factor, the concept of the Islamic discourse should be viewed as the tool for evaluating the projects that various companies may pitch to the organization to promote the further development of CSR in the area. For the SCR practices used by organ
It is essential to do what is beneficial to health and wellbeing, including supporting fitness and positive development. However, many factors hinder people from engaging in advantageous activities resulting in various detrimental issues. Useful activities usually necessitate short-term sacrifices to achieve long-term benefits and long-term rewards (Lee). The most powerful part of the brain and evolutionary history suggests that people tend to like activities associated with short-term rewards. This paper intends to explain why people resist doing what is good for them but instead engage in activities that cause problems. People tend to resist beneficial activities because they are usually tricky and hard to accomplish. For instance, students are expected to complete their assignments and work hard to pass their exams. However, many tend to relax and ignore provided guidelines despite having an understanding of their benefits. The outcome is that they fail their exams and ruin their career and subsequent quality of life (Lee). On the other hand, achieving physical fitness requires one to engage in regular activities that are not only difficult but also time-consuming—the inputs required to achieve what is right hinder many from doing what is beneficial to them. Similar to the gravitational theory, where objects at a height find it better or easier to fall on the surface, people also feel comfortable when avoiding the necessary small effort to do what is advantageous to them. Beneficial activities come with a sacrifice that everyone must make to attain and enjoy them. Although everyone would like to receive the rewards, only a few make an effort to facilitate their achievement. Everything comes at a cost, which must be met to realize desirable results. This implies that any student wishing to pass exams must work hard and manage time appropriately. Moreover, individuals willing to spend their time and energy in regular exercises achieve physical fitness. Reference Lee Brian. We Do What We Know Is Bad for Us, Why? Lifehack. 2021. Web.
General Information Overview The Commonwealth of Australia is situated in Oceania and is “the world’s sixth-largest country” (“Our Country” par. 10). Colonized in the 19th century, Australia has become a developed and wealthy country with a mature agricultural economy sector. Nowadays, this is one of the 20 largest world economies. The regions of the country include New South Wales (commonly abbreviated as NSW), Victoria (Vic.), Queensland (Qld), South Australia (SA), Western Australia (WA), Tasmania (Tas.), Northern Territory (NT), and Australian Capital Territory (ACT) (Australian Bureau of Statistics par. 1). The largest cities are the capitals of the states of New South Wales and Victoria, that is, Sydney and Melbourne (“Our country” par. 5). Canberra is the capital of the Commonwealth. The current population of the country is estimated to be 23.2 million (2015 Index of Economic Freedom par. 4). Most of it is situated in the coastal regions while the center of the continent is not very densely populated. Culture, History, and Nature Australian culture is very diverse as the country is multiracial, which is reflected in all the aspects of people’s life: from food to religion. This is at least partially the result of the historical development of the country. The aboriginal people of Australia had supposedly migrated to Australia from Asia about 50,000. Even though the first Europeans to visit Australia were the Dutch (it happened in the 17th century), it is Captain James Cook who is commonly credited with this discovery. The first European settlement to appear in Australia in 1788 was a penal colony. However, in the following years, free settlers were attracted by the land, and soon the status was abolished (“Our Country” par. 2-5). The climate in Australia is temperate, sub-zero temperatures being a rare occurrence. However, due to the mountain snow, in certain states of Australia (New South Wales, for example) ski resorts are functioning (“Our country” par. 7-9). At the same time, it has been stated that “Australia is the world’s driest inhabited continent with the largest variability in rainfall” (Hochman et al. 110). The latter fact poses particular difficulties for the agricultural development of the country. Politics and Economy The gross domestic product (GDP) of Australia amounts to $999.6 billion, with 2.5% 5-year compound annual growth (see fig. 1). The government of Australia has put an emphasis on developing a free economy since the 1980s, and it appears to still regard this factor as a priority nowadays. For example, in 2014, the government stopped controlling the price of electricity (2015 Index of Economic Freedom par. 7). The political environment of the country has been described as stable, the property rules as secure, judicial system as independent and unb