ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The joy of every investor is to see the initial capital invested in the business grow according to the business plan outlined. This evaluation monitors growth in terms of profit realized by the firm, the human resource base and market penetration of the company’s products and services. However, due to inevitable conditions it is quite tricky to realize these dreams. This leaves the investor with endless nightmares on ways through which the business can improve. The following are factors that may contribute to inefficiency in introducing change that boosts the operations of a company. The world has become extremely competitive, and this necessitates the need for organizations to restructure their management and leadership styles. Most firms have a centralized way of managing various issues. This does not reflect team work and leadership styles that are vital for efficient running of any firm. It is necessary to consider the presence of skills, experience and qualifications of other workers as tools for better performance. However, the existence of a “pin point” leadership style is a stumbling block to realize the benefits related with delegation of executive and leadership roles (Kotter 1996). Competitions among firms necessitate the need to explore all values, skills, experience and abilities of all workers in order to have higher chances of competing effectively with other workers. The best way through which this can be attained is by transfer of roles in any company to enable all employees have better grounds of contributing towards the general growth of any company. Present investments are experiencing challenges ranging from inflation to insecurity posed by unpredictable changes in the world. The economic crisis is affecting all sectors of the economy, and this does not leave investors with easier options than to adopt to the changes that occur. This makes investment impractical since investors fear to engage in their daily activities without feeling the pinch of recession and inflation. This means that even if a company is not directly faced with the problem of recession, it is automatically exposed to the effects of inflation by default. Terrorism and uncontrolled population increase contribute to limited investment chances as nations face a financial crisis in budgetary allocations to development and employment creation opportunities. However, trying to decentralize the operations of any company poses a substantial risk to the initiator of this project due to the fact most managers have deep root to the traditional systems and modes of management where all decisions are made by a single body that runs the company. The intended purpose of this program was to ensure that all employees actively take part in the daily running of their companies operations. However, this does not mean that there is the need to establish more departments and offices for this program to be effective. The program’s main agenda was to identify employees who have potential to perform beyond the ordinary and utilize these a
Problem The issue that has to be answered in the case is what the college students, as target customers for online dating service, ideally would like to be offered. So the problem is whether Biff should start the business or not. Objective Online dating services that are offered do not satisfy many customers and thus require more accurate search response for partners. Thus, an online dating service targeted only to college/university students. Opinion An online dating service itself is an innovation for itself. So far, the dating facilities and options provided by the usual service providers like Yahoo do not cater to areas of interest or location or college or university. A student studying in a particular college would ideally like someone from his or her campus or someone from the subject background. These are specific interests of a student and therefore targeting the students is a good idea. Therefore two criteria, which can make the business a success, are:   * The niche target, which encompasses a large segment of single population.   * Provision of value added services like “Biff’s Bash” or chaperone or background check. Areas of Strength The internal strength of the business idea that has been presented in the case is present. Online dating business has become a success, with 31 percent Americans using online dating sites in 2009 (Angel). According to the U.S. Department of Education, in 2007 there were 13,782,702 students enrolled for full time and part time courses in the US colleges and universities and is expected to increase 10 percent by 2017 (National Center for Education Statistics). Further, the total population within the age group of 18 to 24 years is 29,435,332 (US Census Bureau). Moreover, there are 47% single men and 53% single women in the US according US Census data (Dating Sites Review). Therefore, there is a large market if the target is to be done towards college students in the US. The market is expected to grow as the online dating industry has grown even during recession (Dating Sites Review). There are various niche target-dating services operating in the US and they are all relevant to people as they find the general dating services inadequate to meet their demand. There are no targeted online dating services for college or university students where these factors are taken into account. Further, this will increase the credibility of the site and its operations as background checks will be easier for people who are enrolled in some king of university course. The other ideas, which will enhance the innovativeness of the service offering, are the bashes for couples and background checks. This will help ease the fear of online dating frauds. Areas of Concern The areas, which cause concern for the business, are first related to recession. With the number of revenue avenues declining for online businesses, there will be fewer revenue generation from advertisement (Dating Sites Review). Thus, the business will solely have to depend on subscriptions. Further, how can the dating service check if the person i
The identified project is the development of new packaging options for Tetra Pak. The project is critical at this time because a majority of the packaging developed by Tetra Pak does not adhere to environment-conservation policies. The company, through its Corporate Social Responsibility, has been trying to lower the chances of its products polluting the environment in one way or another. However, whereas there can be mitigations to ensure that Tetra Pak products are not littered in the environment, the company must manufacture products that can be recycled easily. Some of the materials that Tetra Pak is using currently include plastic and carton. The suggested product is a recyclable and environment-friendly packaging solution that can be customized based on the size of the produce. Arguably, the packaging is one of the most affected elements of manufacturing due to global warming and other concerns regarding environmental safety (Magnier and Schoormans, 2017). Plastics have been used since early industrialization to package food items yet are identified as the number one pollutant of both land and sea. Indeed, a significant number of companies currently do not use any form of plastic for their packaging needs (Esmailpour and Rajabi, 2017). However, the world is still to agree to the use of alternative and more natural occurring forms of packaging. This shows the importance and need of this suggested project by Tetra Pak. It is better for the company to slowly transition from their plastic packaging materials to ones that can be recycled and degenerate to protect the environment before drastic measures are put in place that will force the company to do the same. Project Plan Several elements have to be discussed to ensure a successful project plan. The first element is the human resources plan. Because the proposed project is to be conducted within Tetra Pak, there is no need for extra human resources. Sanchez and Haas (2018) argue that human resource is a critical part of any task as they are the people who deliver on the project. Part of the human resources plan, however, should include the training of the staff involved on the alternative ways of packaging that the company can use. Additionally, more training will be nee
Introduction The Civil Rights Movement did not represent a true desire to accept a British identity on the part of Catholics, nor did its eruption cut across a sustained development in that direction. It is possible to say that Catholics held themselves to be Irish but with a special relationship to Britain by virtue, certainly, of the economic benefits, but also of recognition of unionist rights and their own sense of affinity with British culture. However, Irishness was prone to slide into articulation through uncomplicated all-Ireland nationalism particularly as more subtle concepts such as joint sovereignty remained much under-developed. Thesis Religious differences and political instability led to the emergence of the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Movement association in 1967. Main text Militant nationalism became increasingly attractive as the boundaries of catholic identity were threatened first by O’Neill’s ambitions to assimilate all citizens into a unionist consensus, then by the breakdown of established patterns of unionist ‘oppression’ in favor of Westminster-led amelioration (Mulholland, 2000).Sectarian discord seemed to be dissipating in the early 1960s. In Northern Ireland, as in the Republic, there was a broad ‘reaction against the political in favour of the socio-economic’. The increasingly liberal broadcast media from the 1950s strove to blur religious differences, while remaining obsequious to the state. A little later the editorial columns and letter pages of Northern Ireland’s profuse press took up this conciliationist. O’Neill was prone to grand theorizing on the ills of western society. He believed could contribute to British society in the late twentieth century. He suggested that the concept of civic weeks might be transplanted to Britain as a means to securing ‘a greater involvement in national aims throughout the community’ There was a regrettable tendency for individuals to abdicate responsibility to the state. Locally based, self-help activities could overcome this sense of anomie and revitalize civil society. The Northern Ireland Civil Rights association (NICRA) threatened to urge the minority to withdraw from civic week events (Mulholland, 2000). The failure of the IRA border campaign, called off in 1962, served only to emphasize the lack of militancy amongst northern Catholics. In this space politics developed to weaken the protestant/catholic differences. The Second Vatican Council, which ran from 1962 to 1965, modernized the Roman Catholic Church and watered down its objections to liberal democracy. This “facilitated… a re-evaluation by the catholic community of its re
Introduction So long as human beings grow, they will not help aging. Aging will only be overcome when scientists come up with a way to keep cells from losing their youthful strength. This is why the care extended to aged people is of great concern. There is an ever rising need to take good care of people who have made sacrifices for the country for a good part of their lives (Morris1996, pp.27-29). The different ethnicities reflected in the country are also of interest as far as the care given to the aged people of color is concerned. This is the basis on which the interview on which this report is based was conducted. The program director of Visiting Nurse Services in Indiana, Mr. John Pipes, is the official I interviewed. Other issues that affect the care given to old people that are covered in this interview report include cultural and environmental factors, family and community attitudes and perceptions as well as economic issues. This report ends with a simple conclusion that gives a recap if the main ideas discussed in the report. Caring For Old People According to the Visiting Nurse Services program director whom I interviewed, caring for old people is a challenge. The reasons he gave for this position are as follows:  1. Minimal resources  2. The high level of care needed due to vulnerability of the old  3. Diversity considerations (Cultural issues based on ethnic diversity)  4. Limited support from the families Minimal Resources The opinion of the director regarding the amount of money that
Introduction Scarcely celebrated outside Asia before the turn of the twentieth century, nowadays Buddhism became one of the world religions. In fact, numerous people from the most different parts of the world are astonished to see Buddhism attracting more and more adherents in their lands. One of the reasons for such unexpected thriving of Buddhism is in the international refugee movement which established sizable Asian communities along with their religious traditions in North America, Australia, Western Europe, and many more other lands. However, religion quickly became popular among the native people in those lands as it is very appealing for the reason of its practical teachings. In the following paper, the history of this religion along with its basics will be examined. In addition, the world’s view of Buddhism will be also considered. Evaluating the general information about this religion, it appears that Buddhism is seen as one of the most popular and widespread religions on the earth the reason of its pragmatic and attractive philosophies which are so appealing for people of the most diversified backgrounds and ways of thinking. Main body First of all, speaking about Buddhism, the history of its origin is to be discussed. The originator of this religion is Siddhattha Gotama, the son of King Suddhodana ruling in the territory which is now known as Nepal in the seventh century B.C. E. As a result of his search for the sense of life and deep meditations, this outstanding person who was later called Buddha managed to create a new way of thinking and popular philosophy which eventually became one of the most popular religions on the earth. Further, the most important teachings of Buddhism including the concept of life beginning and the creation of humans are to be discussed. With regards to life origin, Buddhists believe
Introduction Smith & White Incorporated and Makatume International have different market positions, advantages and future threats. Compared to Able Corporation they are in far better shape and status. By analyzing their actual strength and weaknesses, their future opportunities and threats, we can learn how to better manage the situation of Able Corporation. It is through the performance of a SWOT analysis that we would be able to understand thoroughly any company’s (like in our case Smith & White and Makatume) actual position along with their future (Hill, T. & R. Westbrook, 1997, p. 46). Smith & White Incorporated Smith & White has the advantage of being a multi-national conglomerate. This situation has given to the company the possibility of having dominant market positioning. The fact of having large shares in all the markets in which operates is a major strength factor for Smith & White. Another strength factor lies in the unified marketing strategy that the company pursues all its product lines, power tool, and non-power tool. There has also been an ongoing effort in creating and maintaining positive brand name recognition through massive advertising campaigns through the national media. This has led to a “demand formation” strategy in which the company has influenced the market to generate demand for different products it offered. Up until the present moment, this has been a strong factor that has led the company to keep higher prices than the market price. Also, it has helped the company with retailers who have ordered large stock quantities from its products and have given high profile shelf space due to the high-end consumer demands. But this can turn into a negative effect of which we will discuss below. The fact of being s
Culture is a key factor in socialization that regulates various areas of human connection, from daily conversation to the functioning of the global marketplace. Music, fashion, technology, and values are all cultural products. It is necessary to compare the concepts of culture from two main theoretical perspectives: functionalism and critical sociology. Functionalists observe community as a system in which all parts work or function together to create society as a whole. Thus, society needs a culture to exist and develop positively. Cultural norms serve to support the smooth functioning of society, and cultural values guide people in their choices. Really as members of the community work together to meet the needs of society, culture exists to satisfy the fundamental requirements of its members. Functionalists also study culture in terms of values. Education is an essential concept in the United States because it is valued (Robbins 134). The culture of education – including material culture, such as classrooms, textbooks, libraries, dormitories – supports the value of educating society members. Critical sociology views the civil structure as inherently uneven, based on differences in power related to issues such as class, gender, race, and age. Culture is marked as strengthening ‘privilege’ for special groups based on nationality, gender, and race for critical sociology. Similarly, women strive for equal rights with men and eradicate discrimination. Older people are fighting to protect their rights, health care, and independence from legislators’ younger generation. There are inequalities in the system of cultural values (Robbins 210). Therefore, the cultural norms of society benefit some people but harm others. Some rules, formal and informal, are practiced at the expense of others. In some states, gay and lesbian couples have been denied marriage. Racialism and prejudice are very extremely alive today. Although cultural diversity is supposedly valued in the United States, many people are still troubled with interracial marriages. Same-sex marriage is banned in most states, and polygamy, common in some cultures, is unthinkable for most Americans (Damien and Saad-Filho 611). The theory is based on the influence of economic production and materialism. That is well-developed access to technology and e
Introduction Environmental concerns have taken the centre stage in economic debates since the late 1960. In many cases, the economic debates focus on productive and exhaustible resources. Moreover, the current debates touch on natural resources, and try to determine the economic benefits of the environment and impacts of its overuse, pollution, and degradation. Environment, quality of life, and economic activities are interdependent. To lead a quality life and to engage in productive economic activities, we need to have a sustainable environment. One of the economic activities that depend on the environment is tourism. Natural resources like lakes, mountains, beaches, rivers, and cities are the main sources of tourism attraction. Any exhaustion of these assets might slow down the development of tourism business. Tourism exerts pressure to natural and synthetic resources and poses a threat to the environment. Cooper et al. posit, “In view of the fact that tourists have to visit the place of production in order to consume the output, it is inevitable that tourism activity is associated with environmental impacts” (1998, p. 149). Apart from exerting pressure on the natural environment, tourism also exerts pressure on the cultural environment leading to ruin of cultural practices and values of the communities living in the developing countries. Because of scarce financial and knowledge resources, developing countries are unable to meet the required environmental standards. Given the modern level of environmental concerns, tourism in the developing world is unsustainable. This paper will focus on some of the environmental issues that make tourism in developing countries unsustainable. Sustainable tourism The world Tourism Organization (WTO) describes sustainable tourism as “Tourism which leads to management of all resources in such a way that economic, social and aesthetic needs can be filled while maintaining cultural integrity, essential ecological processes, biological diversity and life support systems” (2002, p. 7). Since natural resources make up the main source of tourist attraction, states should factor in sustainability when developing their tourism industries. In addition, as many residents and tourists become aware of the importance of sustainable tourism, they are forcing the government and tourism firms to engage in activities that guarantee sustainability. Currently, countries and tourism firms are adopting the idea of ‘viable tourism’ to enhance sustainability. The main snag that is affecting tourism in developing countries is environmental depletion. Government and tourism firms are working hard to see that they come up with environmentally friendly tourism activities (Williams & Shaw 2003). Today, developing countries have established environmental regulations that the tourism industry ought to follow. Nevertheless, complexity and fragmentation of the tourism industry make it hard for countries to enforce the regulations. How environmental concerns affect tourism Indisputably, tourism is a leading source of revenue and employment, particularly i
Research questions  1. What is the effect of classroom climate on the development of interracial and intergroup relationships among students?  2. What are the effects of cultural diversity in the classroom on academic performance?  3. What are the effects of diversity in undergraduate institutions in influencing student outcomes?  4. What can Cafeteria seating patterns tell us about intergroup relationships in students?  5. How does racial discrimination affect African – American adolescents in schools?  6. How can diversity courses influence student attitudes towards racial discrimination? Abstract Racial discrimination is a challenge that affects several individuals all over the world. To minimize the problem, schools need to develop a classroom climate, which facilitates high interaction and establishment of interracial and intergroup relationships among students. Furthermore, countries need to embrace and utilize the concept of racial and cultural diversity since it offers positive results and productive ideas. Diversity is also very important in undergraduate institutions as it provides a platform where students can exchange ideas and attain academic excellence. Some of the initiatives that are useful in curbing racial discrimination include engagement in diversity courses. Classroom Climates and Students’ Intergroup Behavior In relation to findings from past research, students, who study in informal classroom climates, have good intergroup and interracial relationships as opposed to those, who study in formal classrooms. The article focuses on the importance of employing a classroom climate that provides great interaction opportunities for the students. Evidently, the article is very practical in coining the aspect of an informal classroom climate as an important setting that augments the level of interaction among students (Serow & Solomon, 1979). The article argues that formal classroom climates are teacher dominated, and thus, minimize interactions among students. Remarkably, the article explains that amplified student interaction helps develop go