ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Battles and wars are an inseparable part of human nature, and for as long as there have been wars, there have been great leaders and heroes that put their life on the line for fellow men and their country. One historical example of a man who had outstanding strategic and heroic qualities is Arthur Wellesley. This was the time of war between the British Empire and “Maratha princes of central India.” He was a major general in the British army and was assigned a “command of around 15,000 British soldiers and a force of 9,000 from Hyderabad” (Harvey, 2008). The great control of his troops started when he had to march 600 miles to their destination. This showed that he was able to keep his army in great shape and under the discipline that was much needed. Upon arrival, he surprised the Maratha army, which consisted of 200,000 men. Arthur Wellesley did not hesitate and began his attack. Even though he was greatly outnumbered, this did not stop him. His attack was so well organized and disciplined that the army broke the lines of the enemy, and they began to flee. His tactics included the change in the types of battle, a mix of linear tactics, bayonet attacks, and volleys. He was described as being in the middle of the battle the whole time. This shows that he was not afraid to risk his life. The fact that he was always in the harshest places, gave encouragement to his men and they were able to prevail. One of the key qualities of Arthur Wellesley is that he was very quick in judging the situation and could come up with the best strategy needed. His courage and ability to plan made him a good leader and supporter of his troops (Harvey, 2008). One of the recent examples of outstanding heroism can be seen by men and women in Afghanistan. The war began in 2001, after the attacks on the world trade centers, on September 11, 2001 (Fiscus, 2004). The bravery and leadership of Staff Sergeant Clinton L. Romesha took place on October 3, 2009. In the morning, the base camp was attacked by the enemy forces, and Staff Sergeant Romesha quickly started moving around the cam
Introduction It is considered by many critics now that Avatar is more than just a movie. It brings the movie industry to a new level. This level has a better quality, absolutely new idea, incredible effects and, of course, it is extremely hard to reach this level for other movie-makers now. The movie takes us to the spectacular new future where pulse-pounding action sets forth from a mythical planet named Pandora. Embroiled in the new world is a reluctant hero (Sam Worthington) that embarks on a journey of redemption and discovery as he leads a heroic battle to save a civilization (Manila Bulletin, 26). Avatar is not just an extremely expensive primitive story about blue-skinned creatures grown from human DNA. There are many serious ideas and issues raised in this story: the idea of war and invasion in somebody’s private life and territory, the idea of love and friendship, honesty and belief. Main body The idea of war for resources reflects the main geo-political problem of a modern world. Though the story has a happy end, the creators of the movie wanted to demonstrate how much harm a group of people can bring to the whole nation just because of some personal interests. If we look closely to what is going on in the world today, we will see the similar picture. It is not a secret for anybody today anymore that all the wars in the third millennium mean just the same as a struggle for resources. The conflict of personal interests is what happening around us today and thi
Abstract The aim of this paper is to examine the legal environment of human resource management. Here, the paper will discuss various legal issues influencing human resource, as well as the various recommendations to counter those legal issues. In addition, the paper will explore the various rules and laws that govern human resource management including employee ethics. Specifically, the paper will explore discrimination, sexual harassment, and disability as some of the legal issues that need to be considered in human resource management. Introduction Due to the globalized competition and the advancement of technology, most organizations are currently operating in an unpredictable environment. They need to put into consideration the legal environment of human resource management in order to undertake their operations within the scope of recommended legal standards. Indeed, human resource is a very important asset in any organization; therefore, every organization needs to manage it properly. Human resource refers human capital, work force, or talent, which normally includes the skills and knowledge that employees working in a given organization possess (Holton and Trott, 1996). Therefore, human resource management is the process that involves the attraction, selection, training, assessment, and proper management of employees in business enterprises or organizations. In addition, human resource management is wide in scope and includes other functions such as rewarding or compensating employees as well as offering leadership and mentorship programs to employees in accordance to employment and labor laws. This paper will assess and discuss the legal environment of human resource management including issues such as hiring and firing, sexual harassment, employee safety and security, and accommodation. The Legal Environment Human resource was born from the civil or people movements during the early years of 20 th century, where scholars started to find ways off creating business worth and value via the use of strategic management of workers. Due to technological changes, environmental difference
The question of the sense of self has been a source of studies and philosophical essays since ancient times. However, this issue seems to be unsolved even in the 21 st century despite significant technological progress. The author of the book Thrive Arianna Huffington (2017) claims that the planet faces an epidemic of stress. People work too hard to achieve imaginary and unnecessary goals. It is possible to notice the same idea in the text of Franz Kafka (2015) The Metamorphosis , where the main hero becomes an insect and cannot provide his family with financial support anymore. Huffington puts forward the thesis that humans need urgent aid to overcome challenging times. The novella of Kafka is written philosophically and abstractly, and it is not easy to task to find out the point of view of the author. The purpose of this paper is to describe how the two writers express the idea about the value of financial well-being and to analyze the plot and the style of the texts. In order to provide a precise and detailed analysis, it is necessary, to begin with, the description of the literary works. Huffington (2017) reflects on the reasons for the decreasing quality of life in current circumstances. She gives an example of her mother, who did not have any serious significant results in her career or social life. Nevertheless, she was a happy and wise woman who raised two wonderful daughters and who could find something pleasant in every moment of her being. Huffington (2017) supports the thesis that financial success cannot make people carefree. Moreover, the process of hard work affects in a negative way the quality of life and the health indicators of the human. Well-being has nothing in common with money and results in the office. The problem of the correlation between the financial level and the way of life of the person is also raised in The Metamorphosis by Kafka. The main hero of the novella Gregor Samsa once woke up being an insect. His mind was clear, but without his body, he could not get out of bed or open the door. His family was astonished by these changes; at first, his sister was kind to the young man; she fed him and took care of the brother. It is crucial to mention that Gregor Samsa was the main breadwinner of the family (Kafka, 2015). He could not earn money anymore, and his relatives had to starve and rent out a room to rude people. This situation caused a change in the relationship of the sister – she did not help her brother anymore. After a while, Samsa died, and the text ends up with the description of the walk of his happy family (Kafka, 2015). The metamorphosis of the young man made earning the income impossible, and it resulted in the fact that his relatives turned away from him. The style, the type
What liability did Alam breach? Alam as the departmental manager in Chong’s business is obliged to the business through the agency relationship. Alam in his acts did not act in good faith in his operations he, therefore, breached the duty of care and that of loyalty as demanded by the principles of agency. Agency demands that he acts for the agent and as per the agent’s orders (Johannes & Tony 2004). The breach is further witnessed when Alam accepts to take a bribe in form of money from customers as indicated in the agency case that involves him with his father-in-law; this is against Chong’s business as his principal. Punishment for breach of agreement demands that punishment do not be administered beyond what the breaching party agreed to offer hence the resulting damages against Alam ought to be within his contractual agreement with the employer Chong. Chong is therefore liable to provide damages of which Chong’s business is entitled to the damages. The companies brand and image are vastly affected which is likely to affect its operations in form of the costs that the business would incur when trying to construct the image of the business. The company, therefore, has the obligation of trying to cover up the happenings so that they don’t continue spreading like bushfire. The punishment to Alam would be administered in court since the relationship was contractual. This is because acts of bribery are against ethics codes as per jaxtra’s codes of ethics, they represent a bad image of the business’s operations with its clients. Chong himself as the principal does not have the moral obligation to administer direct punishment to Alam since he is not privy to so much information with regards to Alam’s acts and unethical conduct. What should be done to Alam? Alam and Chong by getting into a contract bound themselves according to the principles of contract (Paul & Richard 2001). According to the principles of agency this scenario presents an enforceable contract, the acts of Alam have highly constituted a breach of the contract and the plaintiff has as a result experienced damages due to the breach of the defendant, Alam. Alam as the manager of Chong’s business is obligated to act in the good faith to Chong and his business. By being disloyal Alam has breached the element of obligation which requires that he becomes loyal in act and responsibility for his principal. By accepting bribes he has gone against the element of performance that demands he takes the action of his legal responsibilities and obligations. As a result of all the above irresponsible and unethical
Charlotte Gilman’s “The Yellow Wallpaper” is an example of work designed to expose the flaws of society and criticize them. The central theme of the story is the control of men over women, which gives rise to misconceptions about their mental health and, therefore, harmful treatment methods. Gilman uses such characteristic of naturalism as a sense of doom that permeates the entire story to draw attention to the problem and express aversion to treatment methods and control of men over women. The peculiarity of naturalism is that it describes reality with an emphasis on the injustice of society and the environment. The main feature of this style is a sense of doom and often exaggeration to show the problems of ordinary people. The main character of “The Yellow Wallpaper” expresses a feeling of fear and destruction in almost every sentence, from the description of the creepy house and her room with bars to her unstable thoughts resulting from the “treatment” (Gilman, 2015). The husband had absolute control over the woman as he was also a doctor. As a result, the husband controls every movement of his wife and completely takes her freedom, which becomes the cause of her mental instability. Thus, this sense of non-freedom and doom is the central naturalistic element of the story. Gilman uses this approach and an atmosphere of hopelessness to show the problem of oppression of women and mentally ill people prevalent in society. The author had a similar treatment experience, which almost drove her mind, so she decided to show this problem to the readers (Gilman, 2015). However, the author needed to describe this painful experience in the first person accurately and sensitively to convey the feelings of oppressed people that they cannot express themselves. Only this approach was able to push doctors and people in power to look at their attitude to mental problems, especially women’s emotions, and change methods of treatment. For this reason, naturalism is the most appropriate style for writing this story. Reference Gilman, C.P. (2015). The collected works of Charlotte Perkins Gilman . Benediction Classics.
There is hardly an experience as trivial and as everyday as hearing someone knocking at the door or a doorbell ringing. However, even out of such a common thing, Metcalfe and Game manage to develop a compelling and intriguing idea. In their short story, ‘A knock at the door’, the writers manage to convey an idea that changes, whether they are for better or for worse, are a part and parcel of people’s lives, which means that being open for changes is pretty much living a full life. Taking a closer look at the passage that starts with “the doorbell prompts drama’s primal question” to “was never to be completed” 1 , one can see that there is more in the simple description of choice than meets the eye. At certain point, it might actually seem that the authors not merely hint at the tortures of making a choice, but also make a big metaphor for life as it is, with all its opportunities that come and go, and the threats which these opportunities conceal. The door becomes a gateway for a countless number of events and further options to choose from; the authors make it clear that after the door is open, the person who opened it is bound to take a great amount of responsibilities that come with another acquaintance. “The visitor could be a beggarman or a thief; it could be Archangel Gabriel, the Angel of Death or a person with good news from lottery office” 2 . Metcalfe and Game make it clear that, opening the door, one will let the whole palette of life in, thus, changing his/her own pace, which definitely takes guts. In addition, Metcalfe and Game touch upon the necessity of solitude, mentioning that, just because of one single visit, the work on Kubla Khan was interrupted to never be continued again. It seems that the authors are not only showing the mechanisms of the binary opposition logics, but are also trying to break free from its realm. Of course, they do convey the message that there are two key options, i.e. either taking the risks and going where the chance will take you, or sitting there twiddling one’s fingers and fearing the burden of responsibilities. However, it seems that Metcalfe and Game do in fact consider the third option, that is, the possibility of lingering and rethinking the choice. Even as the authors speak of the choice being made, they still make it clear that the moment of choice is another stage that leads to a certain self-development: “The door has become a curtain that will open to reveal the next stage of my life” 3 . Thus, the bottom line is that whenever hearing a
Introduction The idea of alienation was developed by Karl Marx and it can be used to analyze the nature of human interaction in the current world. Alienation is widespread today and it can barely be witnessed in almost all societies. “Marx developed his theory of alienation to reveal the human activity that lies behind the seemingly impersonal forces dominating society” (Meszaros 45). Marx contends that the modern world is a product of past human activities. He further explains that the future world will also be influenced by human activities. The materialist theory as put forward by Marx indicates that human beings were influenced by their societies. Marx believes that alienation is entrenched in materialism and not in religion or the psyche. However, Hegel and Feuerbach associated alienation with the former and not the latter. Alienation in essence meant loss of the capacity to have power over labor. Human Nature “Marx criticized the notion that humans possess a fixed nature regardless of their society” (Marx 398). He clearly explained how the myriad factors associated with the unchanging human character, vary considerably in various societies. He contended that the necessity to influence nature to fulfill human requirements was the only systematic aspect of all human cultures. Just like animals, people should work in order to stay alive. Nonetheless, human labor was differentiated from animal labor since human beings developed perception. Ernest Fischer noted that human labor is unique since people consciously work on nature, and formulate new mechanisms of getting the item
Introduction The main objectives of the New Hire Orientation-Safety Portion Training at the Helmer Scientific Company helps in educating new employees on potential safety hazards in the workplace including fire and electrical safety, emergency action plan, and Lock Out/ Tag Out among others. Based on the Gestalt theory, the program aims at addressing emergency response and intra and inters personal communication skills when passing the emergency and safety messages within the OSHA standards. This is appropriate since the training program is meant to restore the employee confidence, personal adjustment within the organization culture, and intra and inter personal interaction between employees, especially in the safety action planning. Thus, there is no need of changing this approach. Learning Objectives of the New Hire Orientation-Safety Portion Training Risk control engagement is the most efficient measure to curb the harm. Review control measures are done to ascertain that the procedures are working as required by the OHS standards. The Helmer Scientific has remained accountable to the employee safety concerns within the boundaries of the OSHA and safety act requirements, through the New Hire Orientation-Safety Portion Training. The process of learning within the Helmer Scientific’s new employee training is conducted through the New Hire Orientation-Safety Portion Training. Learning in this organization is a major prerequisite to the realization of managerial and operational changes. The four main categories of intervention strategies in organizational development highlighted in the program include strategies that are based on the human processes, structural technological orientation and techno-social orientation in relation to emergency response (Mankin, 2009). Human process based safety intervention strategies such as the new employee training program at the Helmer Scientific aim at making an improvement to the general state of relationships between the targeted individuals and within groups in the organizational set up. To attain this, a sensitive form of training is carried out to ensure the new hires remain aware of safety hazards and the need to adhere to the set rules on safe working environment. The main driving point in this particular approach is the argument that a good state of relations, information transfer, and collaboration are essential in fostering good environments for the flourishing of an organization (Mankin, 2009). From the above reflection, it is apparent that the objectives are properly stated since the content matches the objectives of Safety Management Plan (SMP) to provide the organization with strategies. These strategies permit the organization to be able to consistently identify, manage health and safety risks, and reduce the potential for ac
Introduction The number of obese teenagers in a particular community is rising at an alarming rate. Thus, there is a need to develop an intervention program that will help the community reduce the number of reported cases. The proponent of this study will attempt to deliver an education program to rectify the problem. It is important to point out that it is not practical to rely only on the delivery of information using conventional teaching models. For greater efficiency, it is imperative to utilize the principles of learning theories. In this particular exercise, the cognitive learning framework will be applied to curb the problem of obesity in the said community. Social Cognitive Theory The best approach is to use the cognitive learning framework. However, it is best to narrow it down to the social cognitive theory with an emphasis on empowering the members of the community (Boston University School of Public Health, 2016). Insights gleaned from studying the said learning framework revealed the capability of intervention teams in persuading people to change their behavior if they incorporate the socio-cultural component of the issue. In other words, it is extremely difficult to change the behavior of obese teenagers if the members of the intervention team make the mistake of ignoring the context of the community. As a result, it is imprudent to simply bring them out of the community and lead them into a formal learning environment such as a classroom or a conference room (Bandura, 2004). Therefore, the social cognitive theory considers environmental factors and uses the same to create positive change within the community. Application of the Theory The intervention teams will choose a small group of participants, and in this particular case, a church group was chosen as the sub-group of the target community. The target group is comprised of parents with at least one teenage offspring suffering from the negative impact of obesity. This particular setup facilitates not only the information dissemination process but also identifies the social factors that can hinder or encourage a behavior change. For example, the teaching component of the intervention program informs both obese teenagers and their parents that the reduction of caloric intake or a significant change in diet requires a team effort so that all the members of the family must participate. The use of the social cognitive theory also enables the intervention teams to consider the importance of providing social support. In this particular target group, the social support comes from the other members of the church. However, the members of the intervention teams are going to conduct individual interviews to find out if the said obese teenagers are struggling with a particular problem that requires the assistance of a neutral third party. The commitment to go beyond the teaching process and to look into the socio-cultural facets of the iss