ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
This paper is aimed at discussing the factors that can hinder the adoption of Electronic Health Record Systems (EHRSs). In particular, much attention should be paid to the challenges that are associated with maintenance and downtime. The key issue is that medical institutions may not ensure the effective functioning of these tools after their implementation. At first, one should speak about the annual maintenance costs that can equal approximately $85,500 (McBride par. 13). In turn, many hospitals may not afford these expenditures. This argument is particularly relevant if one speaks about small healthcare organizations in which the cost-efficiency of EHRSs is rather low. Therefore, hospital administrators may not be able to invest capital in other areas related to the improvement of patient care. Admittedly, they can derive some benefits such as improved audit functions or time efficiency (Alsosari 496; Moja, Bertizzolo, and Bonovas 12). Nevertheless, these advantages may not outweigh the costs of maintenance. Furthermore, the problems related to maintenance can arise when the users will apply various elements of EHRSs. The problem is that in many cases, nurses or physicians may lack the necessary competencies to apply EHRSs effectively (Shaker, Farooq, and Dhafar 1). As a result, they cannot fully benefit from adopting such technologies (Shaker and Farooq 173; Bah 1). This is one of the challenges that should be considered. Apart from that, difficulties can arise if there are no safeguards that protect the private data of patients. At present, the risk of security breaches has not been eliminated, and the confidential information of patients can be transferred to unauthorized third parties (Ozair 74). In turn, hospitals may have to resolve significant conflicts with clients. In some cases, these disputes can lead to lawsuits that will be very costly. This is one of the risks that one should not overlook. Additionally, maintenance can become challenging due to the lack of software that can be easily updated or modified (Aminpour, Sadoughi, and Ahamdi 57). Certainly, open-source software can be useful for modifying EHRSs, especially at a time when some technical problems have to be resolved (Aminpour, Sadoughi, and Ahamdi 57; Alsanea 117). Nevertheless, the developers of EHRSs do not always provide open-source software to medical organizations. Furthermore, it is critical to remove such a problem as downtime. This term is used to describe the period during which the system is not available to the users. This technical problem can significantly undermine the work of many medical institutions (Oral 100). In particular, healthcare professionals may not quickly get access to the data which may be critical for the treatment of patients. In many cases, such events result in the dissatisfaction of these people. In turn, the adoption of EHRSs is more likely to become more widespread provided that there are well-developed procedures for coping with such difficulties. If these procedures are absent, medical workers may no
The process of certification can erase people’s problematic behaviors and actions from the course of history and replace one’s real-life story with a list of facts that inflate one’s greatness. Loewen mentions many examples of historical figures, identifying such politicians as George Washington and Woodrow Wilson as people whose biographies were rewritten to fit the stereotype of an American hero (25). The history of George Washington mentions many positive facts about the man, calling him the father of the country and assigning many heroic qualities to him as a result. However, his failure to publicly denounce slavery and his possession of slaves until his death may get ignored in favor of his positive image. The lives of individuals not as actively engaged in politics also got affected by people’s desire to erase negative facts from one’s memory. For example, Thomas Edison’s biographies may declare him the greatest inventor of the state. Nevertheless, the facts behind the history of the creation of some devices remain unclear. The credit that Edison often receives for supposedly creating an electric light bulb is often debated as being not entirely accurate. In fact, some historians may go as far as to name other inventors who had similar ideas or presented their concepts earlier than Edison. Nevertheless, as a renowned inventor and a public figure, Edison might have used his reach and abilities to incorporate the ideas of his workers and other individuals into his final products. Motion the picture camera, also accredited to Edison, has a complicated history of creation as well, being connected to another inventor, Louis Le Prince. Edison’s entrepreneurial skills might have overshadowed his use of others’ ideas. Work Cited Loewen, James W. Lies My Teacher Told Me: Everything Your American History Textbook Got Wrong. 2nd ed., Touchstone, 2007.
Justin’s case is complex but not uncommon as it requires the assessment of all family members and the involvement of the child’s parents to ensure his health. Justin is entirely dependent on his parents and their decisions but also influences his siblings and parents as he has special needs. For this reason, the case manager must act as an educator, coordinator, nurse, and manager to help Justin and his family stay in good health. The first role that a nurse should play is the educator. Justin has a developmental disability due to hearing loss that parents need to consider to understand his needs during the first months of life and as he grows up. For this reason, the manager needs to educate parents about the different developmental characteristics that Justin may have and how to manage them. In addition, since parents do not believe in vaccinations, the manager’s task is to find the reasons for their position and educate the parents about the need for vaccinations in a household with four children. Studies show that the most common reasons for refusing vaccinations are misconceptions or lack of information, which can be overcome by talking with a qualified professional (McKee & Bohannon, 2016). If the manager can convince parents of the benefits of vaccinations, this shift will help the health of Justin and his siblings. Nevertheless, the manager needs good communication skills and knowledge in pediatrics and immunology to convey the necessary information to parents. The manager’s second role is to coordinate local social services and parents to provide the family with the resources they need, such as a development center for children with disabilities, a sign language teacher, and a support group for parents. Families with children with disabilities can receive government and health support through benefits and services. However, some services may be inaccessible, unaffordable, or limited, especially if the family lives in remote areas.The manager should also act as
Introduction Buddhism and Christianity are religions that have shaped the moral stature and beliefs of numerous individuals. Buddhism is a creed that entails beliefs and teachings that advocate for the purity of actions through restraint of pleasures. This religion stems from the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama who lived around the fifth century BCE (Hopfe & Woodward 2009). The Buddhist notion states that an individual that engages in the worldly delights is not firm enough to resist inducement by the devil. Unlike him is the individual that manages his desires and renounces worldly bliss, it emphasizes that such persons are not easy to tumble to temptation. According to Hopfe and Woodward (2009), Christianity is a religion, which its adherents believe in the existence of His son who is Jesus. They consider Jesus as the link between them and their creator who is his father. Christians acknowledge the bile as the paramount book that contains the principles by which they should conform. In furtherance of this, it is obligatory for a Christian to practice the ideals that the Bible highlights. This is the largest religion and comprises of various denominations, for example, the Roman Catholic Church and Protestantism (Ingram 2008). Similarities of Buddhism and Christianity According to Kumar (2003), Christians commonly regard themselves as the embodiment of the form of God and hence consider themselves equivalent. Buddhism shares this thought and believes that acknowledges the impartiality of the humans but attributes this equality to different reasons. Buddhism stresses that every individual is capable of attaining “Nirvana” which is the point of supreme purity, which will render everyone identical. These similarities highlight the concept that governs the religions stating that no individual is above reproach in the perspective of religion(Hopfe & Woodward 2009). The privileged persons of society such as presidents and the rich have similar chances in comparison to the destitute persons. Secondly, Christians adhere to the principles of the Ten Commandments as a instruction manual to administer their daily duties and their relations to other persons (Kumar 2003). The Buddhists embrace a similar precept that entail five chief guidelines that control the human relations consisting of refrain from terminating life, desist from taking that that is not given, refrain from adultery, desist from lying and not to engage in act that induce temptation. The factors that these guidelines propose are similar to the Ten Commandments that exist in the Christian literature. According to Ingram (2008), Christians believe that a
Chicano cinema originated in response to the Hollywood’s stereotypical depiction of Latinos. Afterwards, Chicano film had experienced three waves. The first wave lasted from 1969 to 1976 and was aimed to depict the Mexican civil rights movement ( el movimento ). The second Wave of Chicano cinema is dated from 1977 to the present day. Unlike the First Wave, the Second Wave cinema explores ways to channel its rage and frustration to more accessible forms. 1981 Zoot Suit by Luis Valdez is one of the remarkable examples of the Second Wave Chicano cinema. The plot of Zoot Suit is centered around a Sleepy Lagoon murder trial. It was a real-life case of Jose Gallardo Diaz who died in the hospital after being found with two stab wounds and a broken finger. The trial ended with incarcerating 9 young Mexican-Americans without valid evidence (Rios 57). This has resulted in Zoot Suit Riots, which started in 1943 in Los-Angeles. Although the film depicts injustice, which happened during the trial, there are no evidences of separatist ideas. In the scene, which takes place in jail when Henry Reyna talks to El Pachuco, he complains about the crimes he is accused of, but has never committed. Due to these false accusations, Henry Reyna has to even be sent to Navy to fight the World War II. However, El Pachuco responds to Reyna’s complaints that the United States do not care about him and his problems. Moreover, he should not concentrate on foreign wars because there are more important wars to fight at home. This shows that although, the Mexican-Americans were not happy in the United States, they did not have an intention to separate from it (Kamel). They understood that in general the state did not care for them and the only option was to rebel. Works Cited Kamel, Amal Ibrahim. “ Ethnic Identity between Assimilationism and Separatism: August W
Introduction Since the Israelis and Palestinians believe that they have equal rights to the land that they live in, violence keeps erupting between the two groups. This is because the Palestinians argue that the Israelis chased them from their land while the Jews argue that the land belongs to them based on historical terms (Gunderson 2004, 82). Various analysts argue that the historical perception involving the breakout of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is one of the critical factors that have made the conflict to be more severe and uncontrollable. The various historical experiences that the two states have gone through have influenced them to make claims as well as justify their own side on why they should be at war with their neighbor (Matthews 2011, 43). Though the two states have shown their desire to reach a peaceful resolution, a permanent solution has not been attained. The two states practice different cultures and their official languages also differ. This condition has made it difficult for the two states to reach a peaceful agreement (Fraser 2008, 76). Many people have written different accounts regarding the causes of the conflict between Israel and Palestine. However, most of the information that has been given out by people especially in the internet have only convinced people about the causes of the conflict rather than giving people the right information regarding the real causes of the war (Matthews 2011, 26). Since there are very many people who have written different accounts about the exact causes of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, there are those people who say that it is not possible for a single person to write a summary that details all the causes of the conflict. As a result, the various summaries that have been written regarding the causes of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict are not fully accepted by everyone who reads them. However, the various factors that have been attributed to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict include; historical encounter between the Jews and Arabs, occupation and settlements, influence of the Palestinian State, the issue of Palestine refugees, Palestinian Terror groups, repression of the Israelis, and the security of Israel (Abunimah 2007, 98). The goal of this study therefore is to conduct a detailed analysis about the various factors that started the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Thesis Statement The conflict between the Israelis and the Palestinians is att
Introduction Plato and Descartes contributed immensely to the subject of knowledge. Today, the epistemological themes derived by Descartes continue to drive the modern education. On the other hand, Plato’s thinking has influenced many modern philosophers in respect of the concept of knowledge and ignorance (Wilson 135). Plato approached the concept of ignorance with an authoritative tone. He was categorical that the only good thing is knowledge whereas the evil one is ignorance. He asserted that the characteristic element of ignorance is self-satisfaction, wherein he who upholds it is neither wise nor good and has no discerning for that which he does not have or need. Discussion In his first meditations, Rene Descartes ventures to explain his doubtfulness of the world around him. He argues that his believes have sharply deceived him before. He presupposes that perhaps he is currently dreaming or God is a deceiver. He asserted that for an individual to be knowledgeable, the subject under review must possess within itself absolute certainty (Wilson 135). He shared a common thought with Plato that there is universal and objective truth that human beings should discern. In his argument, Descartes suggested that to get the requisite sample that demonstrated absolute truth and, which results in being knowledgeable, eternal doubt is necessary. This brings in the concept of his desire for not knowing. According to him, Descartes asserts that the need to know enables him to find something free of doubt and, which constitutes knowledge (Wilson 155). This state converges to the idea f knowing through establishing absolute truth. Fundamentally, the idea of not knowing brings about a belief, which must be held in order to sustain the gap created by ignorance or confusion (Garber 58). He suggested that doubting everything paves the way for one to clear all possible beliefs. In his methodological doubt, Descartes sought to establish a single truth that could be used as the basis for testing all beliefs with a view to determine the ultimate truth. Descartes held that the more knowledgeable one is, the more he or she discerns to know extensively. Using this statement, Descartes implies that not knowing is beneficial in letting a truth-seeking individual to obtain much knowledge of the single truth (Garber 58). Therefore, in his experience, Descartes believed that confusion or absolute lack of knowledge is necessary to spearhead the search for truth about objects within the context of the world. He reflects that people are beings existing only as thinking things. This process takes place within the inner most worlds of senses and thoughts (Hall 35). The methodological doubt espoused by Descartes renders individuals to question their beliefs about their physical world. His argument has preoccupied the modern epistemological thought that yields informed inquiry into the objects and subjects within our interactive environment. Plato’s conception of the world led to his distrust of its changing nature. He argued that no one could unde
Introduction Calculators cannot be regarded as intelligent machines since they are not capable of working in the absence of human beings and cannot be taught. They are basically made to solve problems that people can readily solve. Regardless of speed and the complexity of mathematical problems that they can solve, all that they do is to accept some input and generate desired output. They may be fast but that does not mean they are intelligent since they only generate what was previously programmed and fed into them. According to Levy (2010) “the aim of Artificial Intelligence is not to regurgitate what has previously been programmed by merely solving a problem. Artificial Intelligence should instead help humans come up with entirely new and different ways of solving problems”. Unlike other disciplines that are well defined, Artificial Intelligence (AI) lacks clear details that can readily make it to be understandable. We all know how easy it is to distinguish between chemistry, physics, astronomy, biology, mathematics, languages, art, and music because all these disciplines are well defined (Russell and Norvig, 2006). There lacks clear definition of AI that can be widely accepted, in other words AI lacks clearly defined goals. Artificial Intelligent systems should be able to learn from experience with the aim of improving themselves, in other words, intelligent machines should be those that are capable of learning. History of Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence may seem to some to be one of the recent subjects of study given its close association with computer technology. On the contrary, AI has a long history which can be traced back to imagination, philosophy and fiction. Disciplines such as engineering, electronics and others that were invented long ago have had their fare share of influence on AI. Historically, people are know to have applied the use of AI in areas like learning, deduction, and knowledge representation as well as translation, associative memory, theorem translation etc. Artificial Intelligence has historically existed in the realms of theory. It all began when Homer wrote some mechanical articles about “tripods” waiting to serve the gods at dinner, thus, imaginary mechanical characters have been part of human culture from antiquity. However, it’s only after renaissance about half a century ago that the AI scientists undertook to build machines that imitated human thought and intelligent behavior with the aim of testing whether Homers theories could be put to practice. As demonstrated in
Transcultural effects in caring Translocation of refugees from war torn countries into the United States increasingly exposes nurses to transcultural experiences. For instance, while conducting a transcultural health-visiting education the literacy level of the client may determine the choice of the approach. One day while conducting health-visiting education in Cambodian resettlement residents, I used a more direct approach because a Cambodian parent was less educated. I needed to take a more cautious step; I had to know if I were familiar with the family set up, what I could say, what tone I was supposed to use, what I could emphasize, and when I could be a little harder. Less educated families did not know what to do in such a given situation; therefore, they needed specific instructions. Language barrier posed a great challenge to my delivery of health education. I was compelled to choose the tone and gestures that best fitted the situation. Indeed, the parent’s illiteracy made me use an extremely soft and polite tone against a louder harsh one in conjunction with emphatic gestures. Cultural practices  1. One example of cultural practice related to birth is the use of traditional birth attendants. This practice exposes mothers to high risk of birth complications. Moreover, in Asia, Africa, and South America, some communities subject female infants to discrimination particularly regarding feeding and care. Indeed, various reports proof that in societies practicing son preference, jeopardizes the health of the female child. Indeed, in most of Asia, infanticide of girls is rampant.  2. In Sierra Leone and Liberia, groups of girls between age 12 and 13 undergo an initiation rite performed by a senior woman, “Sowie”. The rite involves training on how to be an ideal wife or co-wife, skill on herbal medicine, and the secrets of womanhood (Fact sheet, 1979). Other initiations include circumcision.  3. The major cultural practice related to marriage is early marriage. Fact Sheet No. 23 (1979) asserts that, some ethnic groups in Asia and Africa give away girls for marriage as young as age 11, 12, and 13. This practice exposes girls to early intercourse, despite the fact that they are fully developed.  4. Islamic culture endorses that a dying patient should be oriented facing Mecca, any unclean person should leave the room, and the room should be perfumed (Lobar, Youngblat, & Brooten, 2006, p. 48). Moreover, Islamic law prohibits women from visiting the cemetery. Effect of knowledge on cultural influence Researchers have perform