ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Organizational leaders should apply appropriate styles to guide, empower, and mentor their followers. With the current wave of diversity, it appropriate for managers to consider the best approaches to address emerging differences and challenges. This paper begins by outlining and describing six global behaviors that are critical for leaders in different cultures. The next part gives a detailed analysis of the similarities and differences in leadership behaviors in these two cultural backgrounds: Anglo and Saudi Arabia. The final part describes how a manager with an Anglo employee in a Saudi Arabian culture can change his or her leadership style. Description of Outlined Terms Charismatic or value-based is a concept that describes the adoption of compelling charm or attractiveness to inspire others and encourage them to focus on the outlined values. A leader who purses this behavior will engage others and focus on the wider picture (Stephan & Pathak, 2016). Team-oriented is a model whereby a manager remains involved and willing to collaborate with his or her followers to deliver positive results. Participative leadership is an evidence-based behavior whereby managers allow workers to make timely decisions and dictate the next course of action. Human-oriented is a critical term that is applied in the field of management whereby leaders focus on the best approaches to develop sustainable relationships with their employees. Positive work culture is usually pursued by those who focus on this behavior. Autonomous is a concept whereby leaders encourage their followers to work independently and focus on the best approaches to pursue their objectives in the targeted organization (Beugelsdijk & Welzel, 2018). Self or group-protective is a notion whereby some supervisors tend to be self-protective while group-protective. The first category means that such leaders promote procedures and remain self-centered. The second one indicates that the leaders will promote group enhancement, thereby ensuring that desirable results are recorded promptly. Anglo vs. Saudi Arabia People from different regions exhibit unique leadership styles and behaviors that tend to support their goals. In the Anglo population or culture, managers pursue specific attributes and behaviors that resonate with the expectations of their respective followers. Firstly, members of this background are usually visionary and embrace the most appropriate strategies to motivate others. They consider their followers’ demands and remain less autocratic. According to Hofstede’s Six Dimensions model, the level of individualism remains low since they promote collectivism (Eringa, Caudron, Rieck, & Gerhardt, 2017). Those with an Anglo background or have an English ancestry will exhibit low power distance indexes and tend to prefer the concept of indulgence. Secondly, they are usually participative and implement charismatic leadership styles in their respective fields. These initiatives make it easier for them
The following essay is research report based on the topic jewel production. Jewel is regarded as a luxury yet its demand and value has always made jewels to be one of the most expensive products. The more expensive jewellery is the more it is demanded. This makes jewel production to be a worthwhile aspect of study because production of jewel is of interest not only to the consumers but also to the economy of a country at large. Jewel production is complex because the raw materials, which make the jewel, are usually obtained from expensive metals and precious stones most of which are not readily available. Literature Review. This part of literature review will examine various aspects of a jewel and what makes an item a jewel as well as how jewel are produced since time immemorial and what appraises the value of a particular jewel. The first aspect for examination is that of defining what a jewel is. A jewel is any item used for the purpose of adornment other than clothing. One can wear it on the face, ear, hand, legs, and other exposed parts of the body (Borel 12). Production of jewels has been in existence in any economy even in Stone Age as it is today in the digital age. This means that it is an important aspect of human life and is associated with many factors, which makes it relevant to people according to their preferences. Many people use jewellery as status symbols because of its value and the cost of purchasing it is high (Borel 17). The other part of the literature review will deal with the production e
COVID-19 prevention management and vaccine distribution have been some of the most discussed topics over the last year. The United States has been hit harder than most countries, and it is essential to provide effective countermeasures to the virus spread. From these considerations, many experts believe that the Federal government should have acquired and distributed more test kits and vaccines. At present, Biden recognizes the pandemic problem but emphasizes the States’ importance, “There is no federal solution. This gets solved at a state level” (Franck, 2021, para. 5). In other words, government involvement could only prevent further pandemic spread with the appropriate state support and cooperation from civilians. Most experts recognize the effectiveness of vaccines, particularly to relieve the symptoms of the strain (WHO, 2022). Therefore, the solution only at the Federal level would most likely have little effect, and it is vital to raise public awareness concerning the dangers of COVID-19 and the benefits of vaccination. Concerning Biden’s remark about the unexpected development of COVID-19 in late 2021, I can partially agree with the statement. The Omicron variant, which was first discovered and named on 26 November 2021, is a more contagious strain than previous mutations (WHO, 2021). Thus, Omicron caused a drastic spike in contamination cases and led to increased demand for test kits (UC Davis Health, 2022). Much research needs to be done about the Omicron variant, and this development was relatively unexpected. Nevertheless, the country is much more prepared in 2022, compared to the initial stages of the pandemic, and Biden has asserted to buy 500 million test kits (BBC News, 2021). Ultimately, the Federal government, States, and people should be cooperative and work together to prevent the further development of the Omicron variant.
When speaking about English plays, the majority of the general public immediately starts thinking of William Shakespeare. People who like his works and those who know just a little about him are definitely familiar with the story of Romeo and Juliet, and its famous lines “For never was a story of more woe. Than this of Juliet and her Romeo” (Shakespeare 46). The play was rather popular in the 16th century when it was written but a new wave of attention it received in the 20th century due to the creation of filmed versions. Even though the film directed by Baz Luhrmann is considered to be the best innovative adaptation of “Romeo and Juliet”, it implements lots of differences such as those related to the props, settings, music, and language. Just like Shakespeare, Luhrmann, showed his audience the story of two warring families. Their quarrels turn into fights with the weapon and negative consequences. The characters still have the same names, so that they can be easily differentiated and matched with one another. Those scenes and even dialogues that were written by Shakespeare can be found in the film, even those they are somehow changed to meet the requirements of the form (Lehmann 179). Preminger et al. claim that poetry is to be educative and pleasurable and both versions of “Romeo and Juliet” meet this criterion regardless of the fact that they had to appeal to the audience of a different time (133). Shakespeare implemented the jokes that were close to his contemporaries, mentioned the hierarchy that was present in society, and even added some allusions to real landmark events that took place in the 16th century. Luhrmann, in his turn, tried not to focus on those outdated ideas and resorted to the pop culture, which revealed the interests of the 20th century. As a result, both the original author and the director of the filmed adaptation pleased and entertained their audience. They attracted their attention with beautiful costumes and appealed to their ears with popular music. In addition to that, they spread those morals that were critical to society and educated the representatives of the general public in this way. The settings of the play and the film seem to be called in a similar way, but they can be found in different countries: Verona, Italy, and Verona Beach. The seaside area described in the adaptation resembles Miami, which means that the events were taken to another country. Of course, both settings reveal the environment that was peculiar to their time. In this way, people would hardly start thinking of Shakespeare’s “Romeo and Juliet” as they see a city that is full of modern cars, multistoried buildings, and even hot dog stands. Those costumes that the author and the director wanted to see on their characters differ greatly, as they represent the fashion of two centuries. While in the play, people are in suits and dresses, the adaptation shows them in Hawaiian shirts and even leather clothes. The alterations of the traditional Eli
Introduction Investors must evaluate the effectiveness of their strategies to ensure they do not waste time and resources on unnecessary expeditions. The need to develop management strategies pushes managers and other senior employees to invest in research and consultations to ensure they have the relevant knowledge about various approaches used to improve performance (David 2012). It is necessary to explain that business strategies are not static; therefore, managers should continue to develop new approaches that will ensure the operations of their companies are relevant, acceptable and reward their factors of production. This discussion presents an analysis of a case study about how LEGO Group worked with strategy to influence its performance. Company Ba
Introduction In the Criminal Justice System, crime victims have been noted to go through extremely distressing emotional feelings, associated with trauma, extremely high levels of anxiety, abuse of substance, depression, and impaired interpersonal and interpersonal, and vocational functioning (Resnick et al., 1993). Best et al (2006) states that emotional distress consequently leads to the individual victim experiencing very extreme fear, anxiety, and “aversive physiological arousal” and that these kinds of psychological problems are particularly common and intense among the victims who experience physical assault that led to the sustenance of physical harm or injury that required them hospitalized. However, the victims do not receive any form of assistance or information from the hospital that may help them to cope with this challenge nor get them an idea on how to get compensation if at all they are entitled to any, a problem aggravated by insufficient or lack of participation by the victims in the judicial process for fear of being reminded of the kind of both physical and emotional pain they experienced (Best et al., 2006). The lack of knowledge may further make matters worse in terms of how to manage their emotional problems, as has been experienced in several court cases especially when the uninformed victim is called to testify as a witness (Best et al., 2006). In fact, according to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the victims’ emotional distress is triggered more when he or she sees the items or weapons that were used to harm him/ her, therefore tries to avoid any place where the weapon may be presented like a court, a temporary measure by the victims that is likely to be short-lived. The challenges have shown the need for strategies to address the gap. As observed by Resnick et al. (1993), violence remains a rampant occurrence in the society with at least 10% f the United States residence exposed to a certain form of aggression in their lifetime, a trend confirmed by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (2001), National Crime Victimization Survey, which approximated that 60% of the victims did not report the violence to the police. However, the same data proved that this section of the affected group could easily be helped by appropriate strategies. What is to be done and what methodology? The program addresses the victims’ lack of knowledge on the process of the criminal justice system hence highlighting the benefits of full participation in the process of justice delivery. However, it mainly focuses on low cost but the high-quality method of message delivery to the people, with an aim of education to individuals rather than mass approach (Best et al., 2006). This, therefore, requires a standardized delivery methodology, with the choice of well-scripted DVD use rather than mass media, for low cos
Introduction There are a lot of different short stories which dwell upon ghosts and other specific horrors. Reading such stories people experience raise of adrenalin and different feelings connected with excitement. Therefore, when people see the title The Haunted House , they expect to read about different horrors. However, The Haunted House by Virginia Woolf is an absolutely different story, it does not horrify anyone, it tries to deliver simple joy and happiness to people. It is really strange to read a description full of soul satisfaction and significance of simple human values in the story titled The Haunted House , however, this is exactly what one is going to have while being acquainted with this story. Virginia Woolf was one of the first writers who tried to present usual things for people from another, strange angle. The Haunted House by Virginia Woolf focuses around the soul and the expression of the human feelings presented as the centers of the discussion which seem to be forgotten, but there is always someone who can remind about the priorities in this world. Signs of modernism Virginia Woolf was one of the first writers who wanted to change the vision of literature, who had a desire to change the perception of a written word as the description of the seen objects and shift to the description of the feelings and perceptions. Working in the trend of modernity, Virginia Woolf wanted to change human vision of the world literature. Reading The Haunted House , it becomes obvious that she managed to do it. A short story The Haunted House makes people interfere into the inner world of the main characters, but not to search for the reasons why people experience such feelings. Virginia Woolf writes with the purpose to remind people about the feelings which exist and how people experience those. A ghost couple in The Haunted House is a great example. It is really essential to make sure that people have not forgotten such human virtues as happiness, kindness, sympathy, guilt, responsibility, and many other ones which people experience but sometimes forget about it. Working in the modern direction, Virginia Woolf tried to show people that it is possible to think differently. The Haunted House by Virginia Woolf is such a story which makes people look another way round at simple and ordinary things. The Haunted House by Virginia Woolf is the story written in the modern trend. Feelings and emotions is the main focus of the story. Moreover, the angle from which the story is described is different as well. The ghosts in this story are not terrifying, they are full of nostalgia and memory about happy past. There are no horrifying moments in the story, the soul is shown as the main priority for mankind. Reading the story, it is possible to s
Introduction Forecasting principles are applied by companies to predict sales for a certain industry during a selected period with the focus on firms’ share in these sales depending on tendencies in the market. Dr. Pepper Snapple Group is a company that produces soft drinks, and it is one of the leaders in the beverage market of the United States. This company uses sales forecasts actively to determine production volumes for different periods and regions of the country ( Lombardo, 2018 ). The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impacts of Dr. Pepper’s sales forecasts on other forecasts, explain the role of exogenous factors in forecasting, and assess prerequisites of good forecasts in the process. Identifying the Sales Forecast In 2017, Dr. Pepper increased its net sales to $6.7 billion that indicated a 3.9% rise in comparison with the previous year. A sales forecast predicted such increases because of focusing on developing an attractive product and package mix for customers and improving an advertising campaign. The company addressed the forecasted changes in sales with the focus on the 1% rise in the sales volume and the 3% rise in the bottler case sales volume in comparison to 2016 (“Dr. Pepper’s (DPS) Q4 earnings,” 2018). To predict certain outcomes based on forecasting, the company’s leaders chose a causal model to determine the number of bottles to produce depending on market trends and changes in customers’ demands. Analyzing the Impact of the Sales Forecast on Other Forecasts For Dr. Pepper and other firms, sales forecasts directly influence setting the budget for a year. Thus, sales forecasts determine volumes or resources and materials to be ordered from suppliers and labor to be hired additionally. If sales forecasts are not appropriate, a firm can face significant losses and waste resources. Overhead costs depend on sales forecasts because different sales volumes influence expenses associated with supplies, advertising, taxes, and insurance among others (Merigo, Palacios-Marques, & Ribeiro-Navarrete, 2015). Cash receipts and disbursements also depend on sales forecasts because unachieved goals regarding sales influence the amount of cash available for a firm’s operations. Exogenous Factors and Prerequisites of a Good Sales Forecast To develop sales forecasts, managers should aware of such exogenous factors as the country’s GDP, market and industry trends, inflation and unemployment rates, and interest rates trends among others. If economic conditions in the country, which are analyzed concerning GDP, are negative, this aspect influences consumers’ buying capacity and sales. Market and industry trends accentuate consumers’ interest in the product and changes in prices. Inflation and unemployment rates are also important factors to impact consumers’ readiness to improve their purchasing of a certain product (Trapero, Kourentzes, & Fildes, 2015). Interest rates trends influence sales mostly internally. From this perspective, the prerequisites of an appropriate sales forecast include the analysis of economic conditions in the country, mark
Introduction To connect 100 users located at three geographically dispersed sites we need a Wide Area Network or WAN. A WAN mainly functions at the Physical Layer, Data Link Layer, and Network Layer of the OSI model. In this network, we have used point-to-point links instead of switched circuits or packet switching since a carrier WAN T1 connection will only provide a point-to-point link between two ends. As a result, only a single communication path will be provided between users and remote networks for the communication of data. To build WANs several devices and communication media are necessary. We need switches, modems, routers, repeaters, CSU/DSU, and access servers, and transmission coaxial cable and fiber optics. Our maximum target connection speed is T1. Main body The 100 users at each of the sites are themselves interconnected through Local Area Network or LAN. A local loop is used that connects the users at one end to their Internet Service Provider or ISP. They have fixed bandwidth and in this case, we are using T1, which gives at the most 1.536 Mbps. As physical transmission media, we have to use both coaxial cable, for connecting the internal networks, and fiber optics. The network that has been built is permanent and dedicated with fixed bandwidth and unless the ISP changes its path, data between the two remote ends will always flow through the same carrier line and path. The WAN network consists of a WAN switch, which is an internetworking device with multiple ports used for switching traffic. The routers at the ends of our WAN are connected by these WAN switches. We have also used an Access Server, which is a point that concentrates the dial-out and dial-in connections into our WAN. It is typically placed between the WAN and the various user computers. Next, we use a modem, which is an instrument for interpreting the various analog and digital signals being sent and enables the transmission of data over the physical media. At one
Organizational culture is an organization’s unique characteristics that set it apart from others in the industry. It manifests itself in values and norms, work ethics, employees’ awareness of themselves and their place in the organization, communications, and human relationships within the team and patients. The development of organizational culture requires the definition of the main overall goal of the organization – the mission, as well as the choice of a strategy for the implementation of this mission. According to Diversicare Healthcare Services (2021), their mission is to improve every life we touch by providing exceptional healthcare and exceeding expectations. To achieve its goals, the organization offers a wide range of high-quality and cost-effective services, improves the composition of qualified personnel in medical centers, and implements cluster activities on a regional basis. Organizational culture can both facilitate and hinder the implementation of strategic objectives. Correct understanding and use by employees of the organization of goals, values, and models of behavior within the boundaries of the existing organizational culture makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of using the internal resources of a medical organization and minimize costs. Harrison (2020) notes that organizational culture can be effectively used as a management tool with a good knowledge of its capabilities and characteristics. Thus, based on Diversicare’s mission, its strategic priorities are to increase the number of consumers to improve their quality of life, develop services in the country and abroad, and optimize the operational efficiency of services. Strategic initiatives are intertwined with operational ones during an organization’s activities, forming a complex management system. There are several templates for organizational strategies, and a company may use one of them or combine several mentioned in figure 19.6 (Hillestad and Berkowitz, 2018). For instance, strategic initiatives are usually necessary to ensure an organization’s long-term performance in a competitive environment. In turn, operational activities provide a process for implementing short-term plans and boil down to making decisions in the specific conditions prevailing at the moment. Moreover, these two initiatives have different goals: the operational one maintains the current position and stability, and the strategic management is for development and change. Thus, strategic management, in contrast to an operational one, is designed to ensure the survival of the organization and the achievement of its goals in the long term. The primary initial resource for the success of strategic initiatives is the staff of the medical organization. The organization’s personnel create organizational competencies and functional characteristics and forms value attitudes. Harrison (2020) affirms that only persons can initiate ideas in an organization, regardless of who they are, an ordinary employee or the organization’s head. According