ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract Panera Group is an organization that is involved with the bakery and delivery of fresh dough products. The company also runs restaurants that sell fresh products to its clients. Since its establishment, the company provides high quality fresh products. Due to its competitive advantage in quality and freshness of the products, the company charges high prices leading to its revenue growth. The growth in revenue enabled the company to increase its operation in other regions by establishing new units. This study examines the strategic options for the company to grow and expand after analyzing its strengths and weaknesses. Synopsis Every organization usually aims at profit maximization and cost minimization. Panera Bread Corporation also has similar objectives in addition to providing high quality fresh dough products to its clients. The company realized increased profit consecutively since 1997. Due to increased revenue, the company diversified by establishing new manufacturing and distribution units in the year 2000. Due to the legal and policy uncertainties in the year 2000 following political environment, the diversification of the company took longer than thought. However, the long diversification process led to a reduction in the revenue earned by the company with the company realizing only 9.1% and 12% growth in annualized unit volumes and sales revenue in the year 2003. The analysis of the company reveals that it operates in a highly competitive industry. The company strength of fresh high quality products has enabled the company effectively compete with its competitors. The company sells its products in outlets including restaurants. However, there is an opportunity for the company to reduce operating costs by using e-commerce and door-to-door deliveries. This approach can enable the company venture into low and middle-income regions. Such strategy will reduce its threats and further improve its gradually reducing revenue. Company overview Panera Bread is a Bread company that is based in Missouri. Ken Resenthal established it in 1987 under the name Saint Louis Bakery. The company began trading its shares publicly in 1993 while in 1998 it changed its name to Panera Bread. Apart from bread, the company also bakes other fine bakery products using fine and high quality and pure ingredients. “Neighborhood bakery” concept is utilized by Panera Bread to measure the level of freshness of bread by the hour. The company is dedicated to high quality production that indicted by high quality baked products. The company participates in corporate social responsibility to the community by giving to the needy the unsold products. Current Situation A current Performance The current position of the bank is not good due to its reducing sales revenue that arises from the low demand of the company’s products. Despite the expansion of the company’s new units, the firm has realized reduced growth in annualized growth volumes and sales when compared to other years. For instance,
Introduction Repetitive patterns characterize the society we live in, and one is almost sure how the other will behave in a given situation. We grow accustomed to each other; that is why once a person changes their pattern of behavior, we can see it immediately. There are expectations that society demands from us that guide our behavior; thus, people notice and treat us differently when we go out of them. The rules that guide our everyday behavior are neither written nor spoken and referred to as norms, according to Macionis (69). Many things expected of us that include speech, dress, or actions define normative behavior, according to Shepard (66). People’s culture broadly defines their norms, although many of these cultures are frowned upon due to a difference in perception. For example, the fashion sense of women in the west that borders on nudity is frowned upon in conservative cultures in continents, such as Africa and Asia. The same is true for Arabian women, who are usually covered from head to toe as their culture and religion demand. Freedom of speech enjoyed in America is not the same in many parts of the world. This paper is aimed at gauging the reaction of people to the violation of norms. For the research to be conclusive, there is a need to break the model in an area where people are familiar with me. Additionally, the study will require enlisting a few people who will monitor persons’ reactions to my violation of the norm. My action will involve leaving my home’s comfort and posing as a homeless person in my locality. If some people are familiar with me, I expect a preliminary observation that they will be skeptical about my action and might even point out a mental breakdown. I will enlist the help of two of my colleagues who are going to monitor the facial expressions of passersby and, if possible, attempt to initiate conversations with the people who are going to witness my violation to get their opinions. The research I did not just decide to be a homeless person, and in my everyday life, I had never put much thought into the plight of homeless people. I knew that they usually spent their days on the street and went into a homeless shelter at night, but that was as much as I thought about it. The other day, however, I saw a person I was familiar with who had been kicked out of his house for being late on his rent payments. He looked lost and desperate, and people had seen him smartly dressed and well-spoken before they just assumed he had a psychological breakdown. When I was given this assignment on breaking social norms, I came up with the idea that I could go into the street and act like a homeless pers
Abstract Deregulation policies are applied in a row of areas connected to the rules of quality and price control in the airport. Its consequences for airports and cargo planes are significantly important as deregulation is one of the economical mechanisms by means of which the government is able to control the developments in the industry of air transporting, and to do so providing the main role for the market mechanisms. In addition, the customers may receive a better service, and do so at a much better price (Winston 2010). It became evident that after the first adoption of deregulation policies in the area of air transportation, the situation in this field improved significantly as it started to be regulated by the market mechanisms, and not by the measures from the government (Cilberto 2010). Thus, the consequences of deregulation policies implementation both for passenger and entrepreneurs are mainly positive and especially evident from the point of view of economic efficiency along with the level of service quality (Winston 2010). Deregulation and its Consequence During the relatively recent period, the problem of the necessity to exercise efficient economical management in the area of air transportation has become especially significant especially if to take into consideration some of the negative developments in this area which occurred after the last economic crisis. With regards to the growing problems in the sector of air transportations, the government developed and implemented new deregulation policies directed to growing of competing in this sphere which appeared to be critical for the development of a better set of prices in the industry along with better quality of services. Speaking about deregulation and its positive developments for the sphere of air transportation, it should be stated that the policies implemented in the airports by the government including passenger and cargo planes appeared to be rather successful for determining service quality along with reasonable and appropriate level of prices. As a result of these policies implementation, there appeared a situation in the area of air transportation when the companies were put into equal conditions by the government which significantly improved the effects of such important mechanisms as competition and the other related market mechanisms (Cilberto 2010). In addition, the representatives from the industry and the other related industries also received their great benefits from deregulation policies as they saw ways of solving those problems which government failed to solve by political measures as a result of the implementation of market measures (Winston 2010). Discussing the matters related to the history of deregulation policies implementation, the first and the most important date to be mentioned is October 24, 1978. This is the date when the Airline Deregulation Act was approved by the Congress (Cilberto 2010
The contractors’ recruitment provides flexibility to the employers and gives them complete control over any business management changes; it is a great opportunity for the executives to adapt to market changes under the pressure of time and workload. Nevertheless, to hire a contractor, it is necessary to follow some important tips, such as, have a team within the organization to specialize in the contractor’s project; reviewing the contractor’s agreement in case of long term cooperation concerning all the running schedule points; and document all the meetings and deals made by the contractor. The issues identified above should have been the key elements in Aker’s recruitment activities. The immediate termination of the agency can put his business under the threat of bearing responsibility for all Potter’s operations with 200 customers. (Osten, M. and Kanter, 2006) The termination of the agency is to be correctly fulfilled for the employer to protect his liability from the customers and employees; the termination process covers the following steps: mutual agreement – the parties are to agree to terminate the agency relationship; achieved purpose – in case the workers being hired for definite tasks fulfilled them, the termination of relationships is done automatically; time-lapse – the period of agent’s tasks fulfillment is set in the contract; events occurrence – in case of bankruptcy, death or insanity, the termination is automatic. (Emerson, 2003) Agency termination is considered to be a complicated process; in case of its mistakes, the employer sticks to employment law and breach of contract. It is necessary to underline the fact that after the contractual relationship and agency termination, the commercial representative has the right to claim against compensation if he loses his commission claim in case of transaction continuation with canvassed customers. Potter is to follow all the terms of proper termination of the agency not to bear responsibility for Aker’s operations with the customers and their contractual relationship. In case of contracts or agreement absence, the employment and agency termination can take place by Employment at Will Doctrine. The process of repossession is to cover the strict following of regulations under the agency law; the case study under analysis touched property repossession by the employee; it is necessary to evaluate his potential liability of this operation. Al Agent is to check the contract before the repossession commitment for him to avoid legal troubles; the document must cover all the points of mutual agreement, in the case of terms breakage, the parties bear responsibility by agency law. This case is to be analyzed through the principal’s liability for the agent’s torts. It should be stressed that the principle is to authorize the commission being tortfeasor liable. In case the agent demonstrates no actions for the principle, then he is to present them personally. The principle is liable for the agent’s torts being committed within the au
Body Cavities and Water Compartments Lab Question # 1 Explain by giving one example of why it is important to understand the relationship between the extracellular compartments and the intracellular compartment. Intracellular compartments comprise at least 40% of body fluids that make 2/3 of the total body’s water. Its primary constituents are proteins, potassium, and organic anions. Cellular metabolism determines the inner constituents and cell membranes control the flow of ions and other constitutes into and out of the cell. Every different cell of the body might have a different ionic constitution depending upon the location, tissue, and functioning of the cell. It also depends on the extracellular fluid that surrounds the cell in a particular location of the body. ECF is only 20% of the body weight that makes up 1/3 of body fluids. It is primarily composed of NaCl and NaHCO3 ions. These fluids in ICF and ECF are highly balanced. Their importance and relation to each other are determined when fluid disturbances in ICF and consequently in ECF (vice versa) result in different clinical conditions. ECF and ICF are in osmotic equilibrium. In ECF hypo-osmotic condition ECF volume is increased hence the osmolality is reduced. It is called hypo-osmotic expansion. In another condition, hyposmotic contraction occurs due to excessive salt wastage from the kidney due to some kidney disease. This also decreases osmolality and also reduces ECF fluids. Identifying Tissue Types Lab Mitosis is a body process in which a cell separates chromosomes in its cell nucleus, into two identical daughter cells. It is usually followed by Cytokinesis. Morphology in biology is termed as the shape, structure of organs. Q #1: Give two examples of how the morphology of the tissue type gave an advantage to the function of the organ Ans #1: Morphology of tissue type plays a vital role in the functioning of a human organ, For Example, in women’s Shukra tissue use for the reproductive system, and if its size and structure get disturbed it causes infertility in women. Tissues help a lot in keeping women’s reproductive system effective. Human skin has also many tissues which reconstruct themselves, skin tissues recover human skin if it gets heal or cut. With the help of the morphology of tissue, skin is always able to regrow. Phases of Mitosis Q # 1 What does the percent of each phase suggest in terms of time spent by the cell in each stage? Ans # 1: Around 70% of each phase suggests that the cell spends most time in interph
Summary In this Opinion piece, Berlins criticises moves in the recent past by University administrators to impose stringent codes of conduct on students. To the author, this is objectionable on the grounds that such a regimen infringes on the freedom of young adults and that there is much to learn outside the classroom that is invaluable later in life. Analysis The author objects to the newly authoritarian contracts of behaviour that administrators foist on students because they are restrictive of personal growth and prevent the student from exploring many other intellectual avenues. It seems faintly ridiculous, in the opinion of Berlins, to “turn back the clock” and cast the emergent young adult back to the rigid discipline of school and family. Why he asks, cannot the youth be set free to stretch their wings and explore the many joys of college life away from the disapproving glare of tutors and parents? Should not college be a foretaste of adult pleasures? Are not the sheltered groves of academe a safe venue to explore dating, sex, drugs and alcohol? Berlin eschews efforts of university authorities to enforce a regimented lifestyle on students: arrive at class on time and ‘study diligently or else face expulsion. The author is convinced that this is wrong. Tutors should live up to their social contract to show up on time, teach reasonably well, mark essays and examinations in a timely fashion. But students should not have to live up to the minimum requirement to attend arrive on time or even attend class belatedly if they had hung one on the evening before. If in so doing, they fall into the many traps for pleasure before studies are strewn along their path, surely making mistakes is part of growing up? This is where the logic of Berlin’s argument starts to unravel. For the sake of legitimacy, he must admit on one hand that university is necessary in order to learn something useful and earn a degree. On the other hand, he insists on the right of young adul
This article discusses the difficulties of finding the Return on Investment for hospitals that install Electronic Medical Records Systems. The author does an excellent job of critiquing the common mistakes in justifying the purchase of such systems based upon what he sees as flawed estimates of the ROI. While his points are valid, he misses several very important differences among hospitals in restricting his article to only statistics of costs and saving for “for-profit” hospitals. So his model only works for US hospitals and hospitals where profit is a motive, even though he uses studies from many different hospitals, some in countries where the hospitals are not for profit and do not issue charges to patients. One other major cost he overlooks is the cost of insurance and the cost of potential loss of paper-based records. However, overall, his article contributes value to the field. At the beginning of the article, the author lists the five main points he covers: “There are five common pitfalls in using clinical studies to calculate the ROI of electronic medical records (EMRs):   * Imputing value to minutes of time saved when staffing is not reduced   * Imputing or estimating cost savings that can’t be measured   * Ignoring the revenue impact of reduced resource utilization   * Ignoring baseline performance in extrapolating benefits   * Using fixed costs in financial savings analyses.” The author justifies each of these points well, even pointing out alternatives to these mistakes in order to avoid them. However, these are all based upon the assumption that the hospitals are in business for profit. Point number three, which deals with the lower utilization of billable resources, does not work for not-for-profit hospitals. The author does not mention the possibility of lower insurance costs for the hospital and its staff, especially as concerns the very costly malpractice insurance for doctors. Just as insurance companies can lower the insurance costs for homes with security systems, because the security system prevents loss, they could be pressured to lower the costs of malpractice insurance if it can be shown that accurate record-keeping lowers the possibility of some kinds of loss in the hospitals. Recent disasters have shown us the frailty of paper-based records. Many companies and government agencies, including the New Orleans Port Authority, lost important paper-based records in Katrina. These are gone forever. Other companies with digital records had
Ballads in Generating a Sense of Community Introduction Ballads are forms of poetry or narrative songs that define the oral tradition of a given people. A ballad was made up of the community itself, but individuals only contributed in composing and performing the songs. The performances, posters, sculptures and poetic narrations represented the whole community. It is an unlettered homogeneous practice that developed ties to bind the members of a community. They provided avenues for people to express themselves or their opinions about the current situations and experiences. Ballads revolved around the deeds of the community, description and ridicule or appreciation of the daily activities that occupied their lives. Ballads did not have musical instruments and relied mostly on emotions to create subjects (Gummere, 1970). A community, in this context, refers to a homogeneous group of individuals who share common political, cultural and social activities. In the past communities were small groups of social organizations that had similar ways of life. For instance, they could be belonging to the same neighbourhood, clans, towns or even ethnic tribes. The major bond between these individuals was the locality. Today, a community is viewed as a place where individuals face challenges in solidarity. It is a place where members draw strength to approach various issues in life as a united people. They are bound by the experiences and activities that they carry out together. Therefore, unlike the traditional setting where it was all about locality, a community is formed by structures that give people a sense of belonging and identity. This is irrespective of the different locations that they may be situated (Gummerce 1970). It is a setting where members are accountable and concerned with the well being of each other. They carry out every day activities together, and share most of the life experiences. Achievements and success are shared among these groups in the form of celebrations or rewards (Block, 2008). A community requires that people are united and concerned about the welfare of each other. Ballads serve to express this unity and the sense of belonging that defines a community (Delanty, 2003). They bring people together to work towards a common goal. This paper will discuss on how b
The ultimate aim of any healthcare system is to ensure that the targeted beneficiaries receive high-quality and timely medical services. Stakeholders need to examine all available indicators and trends to implement evidence-based clinical guidelines and care delivery systems. This paper describes how external initiatives have the potential to assist healthcare institutions to implement quality-based strategies that can improve clinical outcomes. External Initiatives The American government designs and supports various initiatives that can support the introduction and implementation of superior strategies to improve the country’s health. For instance, the Healthy People is a model that identified specific objectives that are founded on scientific objectives to engage different partners and implement appropriate improvement strategies (McGowan et al., 2020). The external initiatives guide stakeholders to learn more about the health challenges many people encounter. The strategy outlines some of the leading causes of disparities and presents evidence-based to address them. The established health care delivery systems can focus on the leading indicators of health to implement appropriate practices, engage key stakeholders, and guide local agencies to identify the intended health outcomes. Policymakers need to remain involved and present incentives that will improve the level of care delivery. Such initiatives can make it possible for different agencies to identify existing gaps and consider new ways to address them (Pahigiannis et al., 2019). The emerging policies, practices, quality-based practices, and initiatives will eventually ensure that more citizens receive personalized medical services. Selected Initiative for 2000 to 2010 Period Progress The Healthy 2000 strategy was intended to increase people’s quality and length of life and eliminate health disparities. The selected priority area for this discussion was the need to sensitize more people about fitness and the best initiatives to prevent opportunistic and communicable diseases (McGowan et al., 2020). Within the ten-year period, the country managed to reduce the number of infections and incidences for various illnesses, such as HIV/AIDS, diabetes, and obesity. The relevant agencies also collaborated to address the existing disparities and create superior care delivery models. SWOT Analysis Strengths                                                                                                    Weaknesses                                                                     * The initiative was founded on existing medical challenges and health disparities.                          * The initiative focused on many areas.