ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Erving Goffman was an important sociologist during the last century. His work mainly focused on the evident routine behavior within the social organizations. Putting different kinds of qualitative methods into use, Erving Goffman came up with categorizations of the various factors of social interaction. His approach’s hallmark was the supposition that these categorizations were heuristic, instruments of simplification for sociological investigations that did not succeed in expressing intricate past life experiences. Additionally, Goffman also held a firm pursuit in the psychology of sociopaths. This started in 1950s while he carried out a research on ethnography at a prominent hospital situated in Washington. This was the period when television media had emerged. Earlier in time, newspapers, books and radio were used to relay messages in which, with the emergence of videos and films, strengthened how information was understood by people. His rational setting was the limited psychological interests of that time as well as the wide scholarly interests of today’s epoch (Goffman, 1996). This essay aims to discuss the current contemporary issues, and in particular gender identity, and how it relates to Goffman’s concepts and theory. To begin with, Goffman’s work can be interpreted as close scrutiny of a person’s behavior within a social context. He idealistically employs this social behaviorist approach to the field of interaction order. Moreover, he describes the social rules that border action, that is, the expected values and norms by which other individuals construe and pass judgment upon the person’s behavior (Goffman, 1996, p. Preface). In his Gender Advertisements , the concept of interaction order has been well exemplified by the Codes of Gender film. In a spectacular visual detail, the film digs deep into Goffman’s key claim that gender conceptions are the outcomes of practiced ethnical performances, bringing out a singular rule of feminine and masculine behaviors. It looks outside advertisement as a form of selling products and outside studies of gender that centers on biological variances, to give a clear-sighted perspective of powerfulness and identity relations (Jhally, 2008). Jhally, in his Codes of Gender, explains that dissimilar to the ordinary expectations of sex as biologically determi
It is said that Salvador Dali, who is mostly recognized for his skills as a surrealist painter, is perhaps the most prominent and highly esteemed artist of the past century. However, few people recognize his role in cinema and photography. Influenced by his Renaissance masters, Dali’s artistic works are distinguished by elaborate draftsmanship and realistic detail, with sparkling color intensified by clear shiny finishes. Secrets of distortion and struggles of misery as well as suspicion cloud most of his pieces of work. This results in a state of suspended grace that is a recognizable scene for those who are accustomed with his paintings. Dali was highly imaginative and his eccentric manner of painting earned him worldwide attention. He was born on May 11, 1904 in the town of Figure, Spain, and the memories during his childhood and adolescent largely shaped his imaginations during his career as an artist (Ross and Dali, 5). Dali’s cordial association with members of his family played a critical role in shaping his artistic personality in future. He started participating in drawing classes early in life. At twelve years of age, he found out about modern painting while on a summer vacation and thereafter his dad arranged for a display of his charcoal pictures at their family home. Besides the memories of his early life, he was also highly affected by the works of the theorist, Sigmund Freud. For example, reading Freud’s book, Interpretation of Dreams, revealed to him the ability of art to discover subconscious desires. This made him to think that the reality of the subconscious inclinations, which normally appear exceedingly brutal to our consciousness, is another reason for those who esteem the truth to reveal it plainly without fear. From this early life of Dali, I have come to learn that our childhood plays a very crucial role in our future lives and that cordial relationship with the family members equally plays a significant role. In 1929, Dali joined the Surrealist art movement who based their works in Freud’s theories that the unconscious was a wellspring of imagination (McNeese and Dali, 53). Even when he was in this movement, Dali expressed excellent painterly skills and in the early 1930s, he came up with the Paranoic-critical method in the production of paintings and artworks. This artistic technique requires an artist to let the images to arrive at the conscience. Afterward, the artist is required to freeze them on a canvas so as to give the consciousness adequate time for grasping their full meaning. This technique of painting is what earned him worldwide recognition up to this day. I find this method of painting easy to use. However, when he brought in other aspects and called the technique the Oniric – Critical Method, it becomes a little bit difficult for me to use effectively. It is interesting to note that despite his major accomplishments, such as the renowned painting called “The Persistence of Memory,” which he completed in 1931, Dali was “excommunicated” in 1937 from the Surrealism movement since the leader of the movement, Andre
The secular governments that exist around the world today are modernized forms of ancient governments. The modern governments are an enforcement of a blend of social and political norms nurtured over centuries from the time of ancient civilization. In the process of the modernization of civilization, societies have developed beliefs, which influence the form of governance. In addition, these beliefs have led to numerous protests against unpopular authorities since the ancient civilization. Since the government structure was poorly defined in the ancient times, it was always susceptible to the influence of religion. Some of the renowned civilizations of the ancient world that had a substantially document evidence of the influence of religion existed since the dark ages through antiquity to the Middle Ages. These civilizations are the Mesopotamia, ancient Egypt and Greece, and some parts of Asia including Iran (Bulliet et al, 2008). Religion was established before any form of political government in the ancient world. For any government to be formed, the will of the people had to be considered, as they were the major composition of the government. Since people have been considerably involved in some religion or belief in the whole history of human kind, the government had to conform to the people’s beliefs and faiths. Religions formed the fundamental basis for governments. The inhabitants of the Iranian kingdom used a religion known as Zoroastrianism to portray the conquest of the kingdom by the Romans as the making of evil. This religion associated violence with evil, which helped to uphold peace in the kingdom. In addition, the expected conformity to the expected conduct by members of the society, which embraced the doctrines of the religion, helped to maintain proper conduct among the citizens of the country. The religion had a basic rule that advocated for the maintenance of social order. Moreover, Zoroastrianism advocated for the abiding of a person by his or her promises or words. Thus, the government was formed based on religion. To enforce conformity to the will of the government among the citizens of a political authority, the rulers of the ancient world had to be associated with divine power. This was evident in the Middle East where the monarchial rulers were associated with divinity to encourage the royalty of the citizens (Bulliet et al, 2008). In the ancient Egypt, the emperors of the Egyptian kingdom were considered gods. In
Sustainability is a broad concept giving learners and researchers an understanding of most aspects of the human world. It can be described as the study of how natural systems operate, retain their diversity, and produce everything required for the ecology to remain balanced (Moore et al., 2017). It has three significant pillars: economic development, social enhancement, and environmental protection (Moore et al., 2017). In general, sustainability is an essential topic in the contemporary world that constantly gains more and more attention. This paper explores some of the core aspects of sustainability. Generally, there are several distinctions between corporate social responsibility (CSR), sustainability, and ethics. The concept of CSR is focused on past events and distinguishes what a specific organization did to contribute to the good of the society it operates in, for instance, to make a positive change for the environment. At the same time, sustainability seems to be more future-oriented and strategic. Moreover, CSR endeavors’ main driving force is to safeguard the brand image of a corporation, whereas sustainability is predominantly concerned with creating new opportunities for developing markets (Ives et al., 2018). However, while these two concepts may be different, they contribute to the overall well-being of the environment. There are several differences between CSR initiatives and business ethics. For example, corporations may be committed to being socially responsible for their decisions and undertakings, but they still engage in unethical acts (Moore et al., 2017). Furthermore, both business ethics and sustainability have different dimensions in their objectives. For example, while ethics allow organizations to address issues associated with child labor and sweatshops, sustainability focuses on the effects of production processes on the environment (Ives et al., 2018). Both of these components of the business are essential for the well-being of society at large. Sustainability has several definitions apart from the one mentioned above. It can also be described as a process that creates a lively economy and a high quality of well-being while considering the need to manage natural resources and protect the surrounding (Moore et al., 2017). There are several ways in which corporations can communicate their sustainability initiatives. For example, businesses can encourage the employees to take alternatives, such as green transport rather than flying. They can also limit the need for traveling by hosting vi
Introduction Generally, firewalls offer an effective way to safeguard networked systems in an organization from network-based security threats. They also permit members of an organization to securely access the rest of the world through wide area networks and the Internet (Scarfone 28). In the contemporary world, Internet connectivity is no longer an option. For this reason, it is absolutely necessary to have a firewall in place. This paper explores publically existing marketing information on several commercially available firewalls for corporate use. It gives a description of a scenario of a company with identified threats and a review of a firewall product that matches the risks. A set of guidelines are also provided to fellow office workers to ensure that they adhere to practices that will make the firewall operationally active after it has been installed. Description of Scenario The organization in question heavily relies on the Internet to conduct business operations. It has an extensive network divided into a number of subnets that correspond to the departments in the organization. A recent network analysis indicates that there is a need to block any incoming tra
To increase parents’ readiness to be involved in children’s education, I would use personal conversations. I would explain to parents the tremendous positive influence of parental support on developing learners’ self-esteem, openness to new experiences, and self-concept when it comes to interpersonal communication (Couchenour & Chrisman, 2013). Regarding additional means of communication, I would encourage the creation of a chat room for parents to discuss upcoming events and exchange multimedia files, including photos and videos of past events. It would help me to strengthen connections between different parents and make them recognize the significant role of open events in their children’s socio-emotional development. Well-known philosophies and theories would make my communication with parents more effective. I would cite Bronfenbrenner’s theory to explain the critical role of family-school connections in the formation of the mesosystem (Psychology Notes HQ, 2016). Additionally, I would make use of Olson’s circumplex model to show links between the amount/quality of time that relatives spend together and family cohesion (Couchenour & Chrisman, 2013). I would also rely on the family systems theory to inform parents about the potential impact of their poor involvement on children’s psychological health and motivation to learn (Couchenour & Chrisman, 2013). To further illustrate my points, I would share my observations as a teacher. For instance, I have noticed that the children of poorly involved parents may feel different from the group or become more withdrawn during school events when they see that other children’s parents are present and actively support their daughters and sons. Another observation is that young learners really want to be proud of their parents, and family participation in school events often satisfies this need. The first suggestion regarding how to support children’s development refers to exposing developing learners to high-quality interactions, thus promoting the development of language skills. Instead of cursing in front of children or letting them consume any media products that they want, families should make sure that children are exposed to age-appropriate topics and constantly learn new words to express thoughts with clarity (Burger, 2015). The community can support families in working towards this goal by promoting cultural norms and the norms of communication, thus making use of milieu teaching (Burger, 2015). More than that, communities can take action to eliminate inappropriate influences on the youngest members. The second suggestion refers to families and the community’s efforts to promote healthy habits, thus supporting timely physical development. Families have to make sure that young learners live a healthy lifestyle, understand why some choices are better than the other, and see tha
Introduction Like all technology-dependent industries, the transportation sector is largely affected by technological advances, innovations in the relevant fields of knowledge, and new inventions. To keep up with the rapid developmental pace, RTA should constantly monitor the environmental changes and respond to them by modifying the internal corporate environment, strategies, and modes of conduct. Technology advancement influences affect the RTA’s productivity and performance. To cope with the environmental changes, the organization aims to plan, direct, control, and coordinate the development and implementation of technological capabilities to shape and accomplish the various operational objectives. Impacts of Change Environmental changes create challenges and opportunities for the improvement of service and business operations. The changes and strategies interact in a dynamic way. Change always drives strategy as well as strategy drives change (Burnes 306). An efficient change management strategy always aims to redirect, transform, reshape, and combine existing organizational competencies with available external resources. It means that the alignment of the external factors with the internal organizational competencies is core to the strengthening of the organizational competitive position. Factors of Change Process RTA change management strategy includes the following steps:   * Generation of urgency for change;   * Creation of vision and mission statements based on current and new corporate values;   * Integration of those values and vision within the company, communication with employees about the issues of organizational transformation;   * Implementation of the strategy in practice, focusing on staff education and motivation toward the achievement of formulated goals;   * Monitoring the ongoing business processes, as well as short-term and long-term results;   * According to the evaluation of strategic outcomes, the management makes corrections in the strategy and improves it;   * Sustaining of the positive results. Approaches to Change Management RTA change management model is similar to Kotter’s eight-step change model. The eight steps included in the given change strategy are 1) establish the sense of urgency, 2) form a guiding coalition, 3) create a vision, 4) communicate it, 5) allocate power roles, 6) formulate short-term objectives, 7) consolidate improvements through staffing techniques and launching of the new projects, and 8) institutionalize new approaches. The given approach provides a detailed plan and is effective for the creation of greater employee commitment and engagement in the change process. Lewin’s three-step model consists of such steps as 1) unfreezing, 2) changing, and 3) refreezing. At the first stage, it i
Buster Keaton and Charlie Chaplin are often compared and counterposed. The main similarity between them lies in the fact that they are legendary figures and comic actors who contributed greatly to the development of the silent film. Importantly, these two actors starred in slapstick comedies, which are characterized by exaggerated physical activity. Nonetheless, the works of Chaplin and Keaton are quite different in so that Chaplin’s movies are rich in comedic facial expressions while Keaton is famous for his “Stoneface”. His facial expression was effective as it turned his characters into stoic heroes, who could remain inscrutable in almost any setting (Da218835, 2015). This manner also allowed Keaton to use his eyes to express the feelings and emotions of his character. Apart from that, the work of the two actors and filmmakers is different in the themes and content they emphasized. Charlie Chaplin’s movies brought various social and political issues to the forefront. Meanwhile, Keaton’s films placed a particular emphasis on acrobatic performance and content that could be easily deconstructed by the viewer. The author of this paper identifies with Chaplin more than with Keaton. On the one hand, the writer was carried away by the dinner episode in “The Scarecrow”; the scene was full of action and minor but important details (Orange Cat Blues, 2013). On the other hand, Chaplin’s movies raise important social topics and provide room for speculation. The author of this writing appreciates content supported by the visual imagery, which is more characteristic of Chaplin’s movies. Keaton’s stunts in Steamboat Bill Jr. remind me of films with Jackie Chan in which the actor also showed absurd, humorous, and, at the same time, extraordinary stunts with ease. However, the main difference is that Keaton’s characters never showed any emotion.
Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci (1503–1519) Source: http://totallyhistory.com/mona-lisa/ Communication The Mona Lisa is a painting symbolizing the look of Lisa Gherardini, wife of Francesco Del Giocono. It is a portrait by da Vinci, one of the Renaissance masters, in honor of Francesco’s wife. The image puts across a message about the family of Francesco. The main message regards celebration of a new family member-the second male baby, and the completion of their home in Florence, Italy. It is worth noting with keen interest that the actual meaning of the painting remained a mystery to many people in the globe, until 2005. Techniques Da Vinci employed a “velature” technique in his work. The artist used oil paint, cotton and poplar wood to come up with the artwork. This painting is unique since it incorporates a poplar wood surface as compared to most paintings of da Vinci’s time, which used canvas. There are several colors used including brown, gray, green and blue which generate a high level of unity in the work (Boddy-Evans, 2012). He painted a different color on top of another, thereby creating a delectable form. This gives Mona Lisa a superb depth, one which would not be achieved by a mixture of colors. He used sfumato and included soft colors, as well as dark glazes on the edges of lips and eyes. The artist laid emphasis on the arms, eyes as well as the lips through a shadowing technique. This makes the painting stand out among other paintings since it depicts the picture as one of a person who is alive. Furthermore, the artist used an aerial perspective, as well as a beautiful landscape to create the background of his piece of art (Boddy-Evans, 2012). The painting has no visible brush marks of a poor artwork. Da Vinci employed a pyramid design, whereby he placed the image of the woman calmly on the poplar wood. The work depicts a sense of harmony, and the smile of the woman shows happiness. Owing to his experience in anatomy and mathematics, he established a perfect size for the portrait. The artwork is an outstanding painting in the world. It has influenced modern artists to upgrade their degree of painti
Social media is a very popular and effective tool for interacting with society. Thanks to this opportunity, people can exchange opinions on a variety of topics, break stereotypes and feel freer. Nevertheless, we cannot consider social networks to be an unequivocally positive or negative phenomenon. It is necessary to analyze, using the example of the ProCon website, what arguments are made by supporters of cyberspace and its opponents. First of all, it should be emphasized that for both points of view, the site provides more persuasive arguments. Nevertheless, the most effective in terms of the benefits of social media is the claim of reducing stigma for different individuals and social groups in general (Kendall, 2020). The fact is that, in the matter of the LGBT community or, for example, HIV-infected people, it is often necessary to face the problem of non-acceptance (ProCon.org, 2020). Representatives of the above-mentioned social groups are able to develop new visions through posts, publications, and discussions in cyberspace, thus positively affecting the credibility of members of, for example, the LGBT community. However, it is not all so clear-cut because there is a counterargument, namely the imposition of a viewpoint on children and youth. It is important to note that children’s minds and worldviews are extremely malleable, which allows them to be manipulated. In other words, if children, who are also active users of social networks, consume information, improperly processing it, then negative consequences in the form of false values or distorted worldviews are possible (Phares, 2020). However, it should be emphasized that the source of this potential problem is not so much the social networks as the uncontrollability of adolescents. Therefore, communication with parents who foster a correct worldview is primarily influential in this area (Phares, 2020). With the right psychological and educational work, social networks will not harm the child. Nevertheless, this argument can be called effective because reality shows an objectively high level of influence of the Internet on children.