ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Quality human resources management is a key factor that enables business organizations and economies to gain and sustain competitive advantage. Due to the emerging high global competition, various countries are striving to strengthen their economy and record efficient and effective performance. Dedicated and organized human resource management forms one of the best strategies that most economies apply to enhance their competitive advantage (Beardwell 2004). In Japan, human resource management is considered as a business system. In this system, the main focus is to manage and control people working in both public and private sectors so that they are able to improve their performance in terms of efficiency and effectiveness. This leads to ultimate contribution to the goals and objectives of the organizations under the economy. The Japanese HRM system is divided into the following four subsystems. They include systems for managing employment, working conditions, reward management and evaluation of personnel. These systems serve as some of the distinguishing features in the Japanese HRM and they enhance performance thus contributing to the general growth of the economy. As a society, Japan has experienced several HRM changes and economical challenges that have enabled it move from a feudal nation to a more developed and industrialized state with developing economy (Bratton and Gold 1999). This paper will address how the IHRM relates to the performance of the economy and identify the institutional and cultural features of Japan’s HRM. It will also address the core features of HRM practices in Japan and the multinational associations/ government influences on HRM. Finally, the paper will address the role of trade unions in Japan and the trend towards e-HRM. HRM vs. economic performance Human Resource Management has an empirical association and connection with the economic performance of firms and business organizations. “Considering the study that was carried out to determine the effect of human resource management practices on economic performance, it was found that effective Human Resource Management greatly contributes to the economic success of an organization” (Hollinshead 2009, p.51). The study involved application of the Japanese and the U.S HRM practices on steel production firm to monitor the productivity of workers. In the Japanese system of HRM, human resource practices are carried out based on common grounds. There are teams for attending to the problems of workers, orientation of workers, training and enhancing the careers of employees. There is also sharing of profits, information and rotation across the jobs. Security of the workers is hig
To begin with, let us state that the story under consideration is the short story under the title “The Management of Grief” by Bharati Mukherjee. She is and outstanding American writer who was awarded a National Book Critics Circle Award in 1988 for her book “The Middleman and Other Stories.” The stories are known for their engaging plots, well-thought structures and author’s writing style. We should admit that the story under consideration is a remarkable piece of writing that deserves our attention. It is the only story about immigrants in Canada in her collection of books. In “The Management of Grief,” Mukherjee analyzes the catastrophe that is based on the 1985 terrorist bombing of an Air India jet occupied mainly by Indian immigrants that live in Canada. “The Management of Grief” analysis essay shall define the main lesson from the story by Bharati Mukherjee. Short Story Analysis: Critical Review The story uses a first-person narrative, and it makes it moving and realistic. It is a mixture of narration and dialogue. The text abounds in specific terms, naming traditional Indian clothes and dishes. This creates a realistic atmosphere and makes the understanding of the theme easier for the reader. We feel as if we were members of their community of immigrants ourselves. So, the setting is the Indian community in Toronto struck by a heavy loss. The “The Management of Grief” theme may be observed in the title; that is why we can say that it is suggestive. “The Management of Grief” tells us there exists such grief that every person has to face sooner or later. It is the death of our near and dear people, people who represent all lovely qualities of life for us, people who are the sense of our lives. And our task is to accept and manage this grief properly, but for the “The Management of Grief” characters, this is even more complicated because they live in a foreign country with different traditions and mentality. The mes
Abstract This paper is bout business research ethics. Generally, when undertaking a business research, the researcher needs to understand that the exercise involves dealing with many other societal issues that can directly affect the final outcome of the research. This paper explores in detail various aspects of research ethics in business. Even though personal values are an important consideration in ethical decision making, they are regarded by some scholars as just one of the components that guide the decisions, actions, and policies of organizations (Carrigan, 2005). It has been noted that the burden of ethical behavior relates to an organization’s values and traditions, not just to the individuals who make the decisions and execute them. Various business research ethical issues and how they affect the world of business research are discussed. In some cases, suggestions are made on how to ensure that researchers emerge victorious despite the challenging social environment that they have to operate in. Introduction Ethics, be it in management practice, or in research, requires very strong leadership. To a large degree, ethical behavior within an organization is controlled by existing values and the culture. However, it is important to note that values and culture in an organization are just some of the components that affect the decision making process. Other components are existing competition and the operating environment, whether political or technological. As noted by John Maxwell, the level of a person’s effectiveness is, to a large extent, determined by his or her ability to lead others (Maxwell, 2007). This is an important characteristic in research and researchers must work hard to improve their leadership qualities in order to achieve a high level of effectiveness. A researcher with strong leadership skills exhibits a high level of influence and this leads to a greater impact. The ability to prioritize issues is a critical quality of any leader, manager, or researcher. According to Maxwell’s law of priorities, the fact that a researcher may be busy carrying on with his or her research does not necessarily imply that he or she is realizing the original objectives of the research. It is, therefore, extremely essential for the researcher to assess the weight of every research issue in order to determine how best to approach the whole research process without causing harm to any one (Maxwell, 2007). The Nature of Business and Management Research A misconception within the business world is that research, regardless of what it is about, is simply an academic activity meant to help the research receive his or her academic qualification. This, however, is not true. These circles also believe that researchers are not familiar with the managerial environment and the type of issues faced by managers in the bu
Groupie Phenomenon On the whole, the groupie phenomenon is a form of idolization or worshipping another person. In itself, this behavior is rather dangerous because it leads to dependence or even bondage on someone else. This fanaticism is very widespread among adolescents because their personality is not fully shaped and they desperately need to follow some role models, for instance, celebrities (Wolman, 68). Sometimes this extreme dedication often invokes a sexual desire for the idol. It seems that this social aberration must be discouraged by parents and educators. The first reason is that a groupie (either female or male) becomes practically unable to think independently. He or she dismisses everything that contradicts his or her icon. Moreover, the inability to gain the love of popular stars can drive them to severe depression or even suicide. This is why family and teachers should do their utmost to stop this pointless pursuit of a chimerical dream. Secondly, in terms of law groupies intrude into the privacy of other people. Many musicians or movie stars try to avoid them because these fans only deprive them of the possibility to work or to stay close with family and friends. It is rather difficult to say whether this behavior is peculiar to both sexes or not. In the vast majority of cases, teenage girls are most likely to act in this way. For many of them, it is a form of self-expression. In this way, they try to emphasize the fact that they have grown up. In their opinion, the attachment to an adult man is the symbol of womanhood, prestige, belonging to society, and so forth (Dicker & Piepmeier, 280). It is hardly possible to draw a distinct line between idolization of people and a pursuit of them. The problem is that they may be equally harmful. Naturally, there are individuals whom we may admire for their talent or beauty but they must never become the major drive
Kundun is the movie which portrays many themes and raises many problems. Generally speaking, Kundun is a chronological discussion of life of Dalai Lama who was the inspirer and the religious leaders of Tibet. The whole story is the episodic description of the life of this prominent person in the life of Tibet and its people. The movie starts with the discussion of Dalai Lama’s mother about his father, his family and his place in the world. However, the Tibetan leaders got to know about Dalai Lama who was considered to be the chosen, the special person even though he was born in the family of simple workers. Therefore, trying to check whether Dalai Lama deserves the attitude and position many people want to assure him with, lamas administers decide to check Dalai Lama with the test to get to know whether he is really selected or not. It should be stated that the main idea of the test was to offer Dalai Lama several things and his task was to guess the properly of the previous Dalai Lama. The boy easily passes the test and he goes to Tibet. Being too small, there are cases of fear new Dalai Lama suffers from, however, Reting tells him a story about previous Dalai Lama trying to encourage the boy. He manages and after the death of Reting Dalai Lama begins to take part in the political and religious life of the country more actively. When the Communist China tries to impact on Tibet, Dalai Lama goes to Chairman Mao Zedong to try to settle the situation. Even though that he seems to agree on the problematic issues, it appears that Dalai Lama failed to agree with the communist leader. After the consultation with oracle, Dalai Lama decides to go away believing that Tibet is going to live better without his impact as being a religious leader he could not refuse from his convictions, while Mao Zedong was sure that religion is evil. Being away from the native land Dalai Lama is sure to returns home some time. Watching this movie, I was fascinated by Tibet, its culture and traditions. I suppose that having selected Dalai Lama as a character for the movie, the director wanted to show the audience customs and traditions of such great and mysterious place as Tibet. The audience is given an opportunity to see the most impressive and sacred sides of the place. Tibet is full of mystery and customs which may never be seen by other people. However, the chance to see the hidden part of this place is the main idea of the movie. Of course, the posture of Dalai Lama is important, however, the director wanted to make sure that people would be able to understand some cultural peculiarities of Tibet through Dalai Lama. Of course, Dalai Lama is chosen not by chance. Having selected a religious leader, the director of the movie tried to show that religion plays an important part for the citizens of Tibet. Presenting the period of time since 1937 to 1959, the film creators wanted to show Tibet and the development of the idea. I suppose it is possible to notice that the attitude to religion has not changed. Thus, the message of the film was to show the audience what Tibet is and what place religion plays in life of Tibetan people. The director managed to
In the tweritieth century, pan-Arab nationalism became a powerful force in the region. How did it develop? To what extent was it successful? Why or why? Make sure to analyze specific historical examples to support your thesis. The idea of bringing the Arab nation together and promoting unity among the target population emerged in the early 19 th century. Although tracking down the actual founder of the movement is a rather complicated task, Jurji Zaydan is typically mentioned as the person that inspired pan-Arab nationalism. Among the primary factors that spurred its development, one must mention the necessity to encourage communication between the members of the Arab culture. In other words, it was necessary to transcend physical boundaries to unite the nation, the language being one of the primary tools for helping Arab people bond. In retrospect, the effects of the movement could be called ambiguous since pan-Arabism both led to bringing the nation closer and at the same time contributed to detailing the differences between its groups. Indeed, a closer look at the nature of the movement will reveal that the idea of unification was rather sensible. However, the lack of agreement about essential elements of the Arab national philosophy, such as the concept of an individual in the context of the state, triggered inevitable and numerous arguments. For instance, the conflicts within the AR, the issues regarding Egypt and Syria, etc., showed that there was a lack of a common philosophy (Cleveland, 2015). How did World War II transform the landscape of the Middle East? What remained the same? What changed? Why? Which historical processes became more important after 1945 in the region? The effects of the World War II were devastating in nearly every corner of the world. Causing millions of deaths, WWII affected every single country in the world, and the Arab states were not an exception. For example, the Jewish people that resided on the Arab territory were killed in the Holocaust. The Arab population of the Middle East also suffered significantly. Furthermore, the Suez Crisis needs to be mentioned among the primary negative effects of WWII on the Middle East. Being an essential strategic element, the Suez Canal was viewed as an important tool in managing transportation and the arrangement of troops; thus, the Middle East states were affected significantly by the actions of the WWII participants. Finally, the internal conflicts that resulted from the rearrangement of powers within the states should be mentioned as the primary effect of WWII. The conflict between Israel and Arab countries over Palestine, which resulted from the decisions made after the WWII, can be deemed as the primary effect of the latter on the Middle East. Similarly, the creation of Taliban may be interpreted as the aftereffect of WWII (McGrath & Martin, 2015). Compare and contrast the experiences of Iran and Turkey in the 1945-1990. How did each react to specific historic
Introduction Recently capital one acquired North Fork Bancorp a few months after acquiring a New Orleans-based Hibernia for a $5b deal in November last year. All the bank’s executives are at a consensus that the planned strategy will offer the bank a diversification that is very vital credit card industry. Despite the allegations by some analysts that the acquisition of North Fork Bancorp has come too soon next to the bank’s recent Hibernia acquisition, Richard Fairbank, the bank CEO argues that the acquisition delivers on the bank’s strategic agenda and it balances and diversifies the company. The North Fork was acquired for $31.38, inclusive of a nearly 23% premium on its closing value prior to acquisition. The bank also reopened some of Hibernia’s branches which were closed following the New Orleans disruption. Conduct an External Environmental Analysis, and identify key environmental forces that have immediate strategic implications for Capital One There are several factors that are likely to affect Capital One in the carrying out of its acquisition. Firstly, there is stiff competition in the credit card industry. This means the market is relatively small and the bank might not realize its strategic goals. Competitors shrink the market and this may make capital one unable to recover the cost of the acquisition of the two banks. The other factors are political factors. For instance, the criticism of Capital One may also affect its performance. There are those who argued that the acquisition was too soon for the bank. This exposes the weaknesses of the bank decision-makers and may make the customers lose confidence in the bank. The resources in the economy also affect the business. Where resources are more, the bank will perform better because its customers have money (Donald, 2008, par.16) . For Capital One, it can be riskier if there are no resources in the economy. People may not take a credit cards if they do not have money. The other factor is government regulations and policies. Since Capital One is a leading bank, it is likely to be affected by government regulations and policies. Sometimes the government will restrict lending out so that the bank lends out less than it is able to offer. The lending policies are always under government regulations. The government through the central bank may even dictate the lending rates making the bank unable to exploit the whole potential in the market. Conduct an Internal Environmental Analysis, and identify the capabilities and weaknesses within Capital One that have immediate strategic implication After the acquisition of North Fork Bank, Capital One bank will have some strengths and weaknesses
Introduction To begin with, it is necessary to emphasize that the job opportunities for women in the countries of Arab world are regarded to be essentially decreased in comparison with the opportunities for men. This inequality is generally explained by the fact that men have more opportunities to get the higher education (family traditions and social customs), consequently, they have more opportunities to find a job. Social Issues of Employment The fact is that, all the circumstances and obstacles, which create the barriers for the employment of women are mainly linked with the social issues. It should be stated that social traditions in the countries of the Arab world are closely linked with the religious background the authority of the church and other religious bodies, which are closely incorporated with the governmental structures, and regulate the social relations within the Arab society. Thus, most women complain that they do not have an opportunity to enter a university, as they often face discrimination and segregation on the basis of their sex. In spite of the fact, that UAE is aiming to refuse from the social discrimination, and put away all the religious prejudices which presuppose the treatment of women as socially lower people, Arab women have more opportunities to get an education abroad. After the graduation of the university, the opportunities are almost equal, nevertheless, there are comparatively more job offers for educated men then for women. The job offers are categorized into the following categories:   * Accounting   * Administrative   * Architecture/Design   * Automotive   * Beauty/Fashion   * Broadcast/Publishing   * Consulting   * Creative Arts/Media   * Customer Service   * Education/Training   * Engineering   * Finance/Banking   * Government/Social   * Health Care Services   * Hospitality/Travel   * HR/Recruiting   * Info Technology   * Marketing/PR   * Real Estate   * Telecommunication Some of these categories are considered to be exclusively male positions, while there are no only women positions. The origins of such division are also covered in the social cultural and religious traditions of the Orient. Thus, it is impermissible that women ruled men, moreover, the main purpose of every women is to keep the family, bear and rise children. In the light of this fact, it should be stated that all the inequalities are the reasons of serious and deep rooted prejudice. Particular group research, which is required for the thorough analysis of the issue is based on the interview of employees in several companies, located in Abu-Dhabi. It is necessary to emphasize, that all the women, which are employed in the mixed
Introduction Technological change has been an important element of the global economy and much of it has been characterized by the development of microprocessors, microcomputers, and automated production processes. Technological revolution specifically started during the industrial revolution, through the transformation of the traditional workplaces, leading to the creation of new types of work environments. The industrial revolution can be best analyzed through dramatic changes that happened in nearly all aspects of the British society (Cipolla 1994, p. 2). A significant portion of these changes was however felt in aspects such as social structures/institutions, demographics and politics but the growth of factories was the primary manifestation of the technological revolution (Cipolla 1994, p. 2). As a result, population was skewed on development grounds, with major British cities experiencing population growths of nearly 100% while the number of towns grew even more (Cipolla 1994, p. 2). For example, the cities of England and Wales only had about 20 cities in the 1800s, but by the close of the century, there were about 200 cities registered in the countries (Cipolla 1994, p. 4). Just to sample the impact technological changes had on the general demographical patterns of England and Wales, a technological invention to improve the smelting of Coke saw the shift in population growth from the South and East to the West and the North (Cipolla 1994, p. 7). Technological change can also be termed as the root of the capitalistic system of operation we witness today because the people who were in a position to control the means of production, back in the day, got very wealthy while those who did not; became subjects of the rich. Also, from the improvement of the technological landscape, the total income per household more than doubled and consequently, the national Gross domestic product (GDP)increased by a significant margin, within a ten decade period (Cipolla 1994, p. 3). This shift in wealth also brought a change on the world’s political landscape because industrial capitalists took over positions previously held by agrarian capitalists (Cipolla 1994, p. 2). However, even amid the wealth creation (brought about by the technological change), there were numerous concerns of workers’ safety in the factories because, often, there was congestion in the factories and all manner of people including children and women were allowed to work with minimal or no safety measures taken to guarantee their safety in the workplaces. At the same time, the workers were usually paid minimal wages which also brought about devastation to the people because most workers could only afford basic needs, thereby leading to the emergence of slums. This kind of “crazy” factory life became the topic of most literature writers then, because textile factories, mines and factories were marred with the worst industrial human working conditions probably seen in the history of mankind (Cipolla 1994, p. 12). However, later on, conditions improved with the passing of laws to protect workers and more especially, the women and children from adverse worki