ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Los Angeles Police Department is the police department for the city of Los Angeles. It aims at providing services of law enforcement at high standards. The objectives focus on reduction of traffic collisions and crime. The main aim of the department is improvement of the lives of the people. This presentation focuses on this department in terms of its creation, organizational design chart, history, current resources, current issues, future challenges and the conclusion. Mission Statement It is the mission of the Los Angeles Police Department to safeguard the lives and property of the people we serve, to reduce the incidence and fear of crime, and to enhance public safety while working with the diverse communities to improve their quality of life. Our mandate is to do so with honor and integrity, while at all times conducting ourselves with the highest ethical standards to maintain public confidence (LAPD, 2010). Creation   * Los Angeles police department is a governmental agency formed in 1869.   * Its motto is to protect and serve.   * It is governed by the city council of Los Angeles. It is engaged of local civilian police who deal with law enforcement.   * It has six bureaus and 21 divisions.   * It has a police commissioners’ board that checks the management and operations of the department while being involved in setting the policies of the department.   * The bureaus include: west, south, valley, central, special operations and detective.   * The divisions are: traffic, field services, narcotics, juvenile, detective support, jail, scientific investigations, commercial crimes, homicides, emergency services, major crimes, special operations, air support, metropolitan among others (LAPD, 2010).   * The west bureau has operations in the Los Angeles well known areas such as Venice, Hollywood, UCLA campus and Hollywood hills. It does not cover Beverly Hills & Santa Monica.   * The detective bureau investigates crime while reporting directly to the chief of police (Corwin, 2004).   * The special operations bureau provides resources that are specialized to support occurrences that are unusual, operations of daily activities and during terrorism and disturbances.   * The central bureau is the most densely populated and is responsible for the east and downtown Los Angeles. It has traffic division that deals with accident investigation & issues of citations and tickets, and patrol divisions (LAPD, 2010).   * The south bureau with exceptions of Compton & Inglewood, oversees the south area of Los Angeles with a traffic and four patrol divisions.   * The valley bureau being the largest, has operations in the San Fernando valley. Organizational Design Chart History   * The police fo
Introduction Beowulf epitomized the persona of an epic hero. An epic hero is one with attributes that others do not possess. Some of these traits are; selflessness, wisdom and physical strength. Wisdom in Beowulf’s life is evident in his journey to Denmark and his reign over the Geats. His physical strength is apparent in the way he battles Grendel’s mother as well as mythical creatures. Selflessness was manifested in the way he interacted with his countrymen. Beowulf has these three traits of wisdom, selflessness, and strength, which help him lead his people and fight battles with monsters. Evidence That Supports Beowulf as a Hero This character’s physical prowess was undisputed as he possessed enough physical strength to fight with mystical creatures and be victorious. Beowulf prepared for battle with Grendel after arriving in Denmark and traveling to Herot. While in Herot, he managed to instantly seize Grendel; this was a thing that no man had ever accomplished (307). Beowulf’s bravery is portrayed in events where he performed things that no other man would dare to do. Beowulf believed that God was in control, so this made him brave and allowed him to draw courage from God. He could face battles without fear or hesitation because he believed he had no control over his death. In one scene, while fighting with Grendel, he lay down patiently so that he could wait for his adversary; he proved his bravery by seizing him (295 & 296). Also, Beowulf jumped into the lake and sunk in pursuit of Grendel’s mother. At this time, all he had in his mind were the battles he was going to engage in and win (307 & 308). While fighting the dragon, Wiglaf and Beowulf were left by their allies but that did not make Beowulf retreat as he continued with the battle. Wisdom is another trait that he possesses. He was a wise man because he chose to become a boat captain when sailing to Denmark. Beowulf leads his fellow Geats on this long journey, and they safely arrive in Denmark. While fighting with Grandel, Beowulf is seen to have powerful fighting ability and strategy for combat. He pretended to be asleep so that he could apply an element of surprise against Grendel; a move that gave him an upper hand in the fight. There is also an instance where Beowulf is dragged into the she-witch lair. Here, he was smart enough to realize that the weapons he had were not effective and therefore, he had to think quickly. He saw a giant’s sword hanging on the wall and picked it. He used this sword to chop off Grandel’s mother’s head and automatically won the battle. The fights that Beowulf encountered gave him the wisdom to lead his people efficiently as the ruler of Geatland. Beowulf is considered an epic hero because he is brave, wise and selfless. Beowulf shows all thes
I would like to thank my descendants that my work is not forgotten. This story of eternal love is probably relevant in your days, so there are many film adaptations and versions of ‘Romeo and Juliet’. The new adaptation of my play generally made a controversial impression: the actors look suitable for their roles, but the internal theme of the play seems to be not so profoundly got. Carlo Carlea’s ‘Romeo and Juliet’ (2013) was filmed on medieval sites and villas in various Italian cities with a minimum of historical inaccuracies. The play of some characters is good: Hayley Steinfeld reminds us that Juliet was a child by modern standards, not yet a woman. Some of the scenes have been reworked to understand the story by the younger public better. The details have been changed, and the lines have been cut to maintain the frantic emotional level that modern audiences demand. As soon as the film opens, it becomes obvious that the prologue has been transformed. Romeo does not exude an ounce of passion or romance, although he is slightly more masculine in terms of manner, voice, and fighting than in previous incarnations. I wonder if the director and producers understood the play’s timeless themes. They made a film that, I think, includes humanity’s greatest weaknesses and strengths when it comes to both love and lust. However, once the characters begin to behave radically differently, with dialogue thoughtlessly thrown in and topics ignored or trampled upon, it ceases to be an adaptation and instead becomes a parody. The adaptation seems to fall short of the problems posed in the original play. Work Cited “ Romeo Juliet, Shakespeare Play, Romeo Juliet Movie ” YouTube , uploaded by E TV, 2020. Web.
Currently, sexual orientation is difficult to explain, as researchers are not certain what factors cause homosexuality or heterosexuality. According to Garrett and Hough (2018), sexual orientation is usually explained by environmental factors, such as exposure and socialization preferences. However, there are some studies that focus on the biological basis for sexual orientation that found limited success in explaining the phenomenon by different abnormalities in human development. The present paper aims to describe the biological causes of homosexuality and develop an educational program for teenagers about the aspect. Biologists tried to explain homosexuality by genetics and abnormalities in the brain structure. One of the studies in the 1990s revealed that 64% of the pairs of gay brothers identical genetic material at one end of the X chromosome in the Xq28 region (Garrett, & Hough, 2018). In 2005, a whole-genome study showed a stretch of DNA on chromosome 7 in the 7q36 region (Garrett, & Hough, 2018). In 2015, researchers identified a pattern of methylation in five DNA regions that could predict homosexuality with 70% accuracy (Garrett, & Hough, 2018). However, further research is required to confirm the findings. Early researchers tried to explain homosexuality with atypical sex hormone levels. However, rigorous studies failed to confirm the hypothesis, and today, it is no longer viewed as a viable explanation (Garrett, & Hough, 2018). Later research revealed differences in the brain structure of gays and lesbians. First, cerebral hemispheres in gay males and straight women were of equal size, while the lesbian females and heterosexual men had a larger right hemisphere (Garrett, & Hough, 2018). Gay men were also found to have female-sized INAH3 and suprachiasmatic nucleus (Garrett, & Hough, 2018). However, all the findings were inconsistent, and additional confirmation is required. Recent research demonstrated that sexual orientation could be determined using facial expressions. A study by González-Álvarez (2017) aimed at testing the seven multivariate predictors of homosexuality in the facial structure. Previous research by Skorska, Geniole, Vrysen, McCormick, and Bogaert determined that some facial features are more common in gay and lesbians, while others are more common for straight people (as cited by González-Álvarez, 2017). A large cohort study confirmed this idea, which supports the notion that there are correlations between the physical characteristics of a human body and sexual orientation. Therefore, the study provides limited support to the idea of the biological basis of sexual orientation.
Currently, obesity is one of the biggest issues in the United States. It is a result of lack of balance between consumption of food and physical activities and is amplified by many other factors (National Heart, Lung, & Blood Institute [NHLBI], 2012). It can be very dangerous because it increases the risks associated with certain medical conditions. There are some significant differences from normal physiology that can be noted (Via & Mechanik, 2014). The number of obese Americans is actually worrying, and some studies indicate that close to one-third of the adult population is affected (Ogden, Carroll, Kit, & Flegal, 2014). The issue is that more than half of adults in the United States are obese or slightly overweight. It is an enormous health problem because it affects the life expectancy and wellbeing of the population However, it should be said that some of the statistics may not be correct because many individuals take medications, and other imperative factors may influence the results (Kaiser, 2009). The predominance of overweight people has been increasing in every single state over the last few years (Graves, 2010). Oliver (2006) has studied how obesity became so prevalent among Americans in his book Fat Politics: the Real Story behind America’s Obesity Epidemic, and he claims that “until the late 1990s, America’s growing weight received little notice from the media” (p. 36). This means that this condition used to be viewed as non-problematic some time ago. Also, he discusses how it began to spread over the years. What is interesting is that he believes that it is not a medical condition and does not cause any harm itself (Oliver, 38). However, many scientists disagree with him and state that it is a critical risk factor that may lead to severe consequences (Via & Mechanik, 2014). Ogden et al. (2014) have studied the disparities by demographic variables. Results of the research indicate that this condition mostly affects non-Hispanic white individuals over 20, and it is close to 38% (Ogden et al., 2014). Also, it is more prevalent among males according to the statistics. However, females aged 40-60 suffer from obesity much more often (Ogden et al., 2014). This is happening because males generally have a smaller life expectancy. Non-Hispanic Asian and Hispanic individuals are least likely to be obese (Ogden et al., 2014). It should be noted that there are enormous dissimilarities in the numbers for ethnic groups that can be seen. Bodea and Popa (2015) have researched the risks that are associated with obesity, and the conclusions are worrying because it increases the probability of cancer and metabolic issues (p. 67). High blood pressure is one of the biggest problems, and it is extremely hard to control most of the time, and the medicines have some serio
Introduction In our day more and more people resort to alternative or, so-called, natural medicine. Many people often have to admit that conventional medicine does not “always” work (Buchhaus 24). Natural medicine has gained its popularity due to the assumption that people have failed to create the necessary cure, but nature has the necessary healing capacity. There are different definitions of “natural” medicine, but the main concept is that natural cure is not contaminated by people’s activity. Nevertheless, it is difficult to define nowadays “natural” medicine as truly natural since human activity has intervened in almost all natural processes. The goal of natural medicine Admittedly, the popularity of natural medicine has increased. Numerous books and articles on natural medicine have appeared recently. Scientists, scholars, doctors and journalists reveal advantages and possible downsides of this newly discovered ancient type of medicine. Buchhaus, considering existing literature on natural medicine, suggests a general, accepted concept of natural medicine stating that it is based on the assumption that every individual has “an innate healing capacity” (23). The goal of natural medicine is “to restore” this capacity “through the use of a variety of natural treatments, ranging from massage to the use of herbs and water” (Buchhaus 23). Therefore, natural medicine presupposes treatment with natural materials like herbs, water, air. Leon Kass provides a more specific definition to “natural” in his book: natural is “true to life as found and lived” (qtd. in Guinan 121). Thus, natural medicine exploits natural materials for healing: herbs, for instance. Natural materials are opposed to human-made materials, drugs and chemicals. In fact, Kass’s definition is more appropriate for the modern natural medicine. It is important to state that Kass cautiously claims that it is necessary to move toward “a more natural science” (Guinan 121). It is quite difficult to establish natural medicine at once, but it is possible to gradually move towards it. Admittedly, “the mastery of man ove
Imagination and art are the frosting on human lives and the sources of human experiences. Rollo May helps his readers to find answers to life’s most crucial questions. He offers new and creative ideas for human achievements and possibilities in extracting the maximum from life. Indeed Dr. May is a celebrated therapist and in drawing upon his personal experiences of life has shown in his book The Courage to Create, how one can find creative impulses in liberating oneself and creating a new life. Rollo May in his book “The Courage to Create” conveys that society is in the process of change and change makes us experience a sense of being alienated and without purpose. Under the circumstances there are very limited choices and one has to either panic and withdraw or instil the courage in creating better standards for the society. In making the second choice one has to display genuine creativity and courage. Courage implies moving ahead even if doing so appears to be hopeless initially. Courage must be present inherently since it pertains to our convictions in being the underlying force for different values and virtues. It is not possible to renovate ourselves or society unless we have courage. May has said about courage that “courage is not the absence of despair; it is, rather, the capacity to move ahead in spite of despair” (Rollo May, 1994). According to May there are four kinds of courage. Physical courage does not concern the strength of the physical state of the body but the body’s capability in taming sympathy and empathy. Moral courage implies standing against violent practices whether they are psychological, spiritual, moral or physical. According to May, a person is a coward if he makes statements such as, “I did not want to become involved” (Rollo May, 1994). Social courage requires a person to have the wisdom to cultivate meaningful and intimate relationships by investing energy, emotions and time. Creative courage includes the ability to discover and appreciate new symbols, patterns, ideas and forms by reaching beyond death by way of being engaged in creative acts. May is clear in saying that creativity does not mean that one should engage in creating pretty and decorative things. The real artist is one who creates new and original realities. He demonstrates what he believes for and is able to convincingly express the meaning of human awareness and perceptions. The methods of using creativity are not of much importance; what counts is that creativity lies in actions, not necessarily in the person. Such artistic people are
Trade is one of the activities among humans that have led to the development of better qualities of life because people can access different commodities that make life simpler. Trade in its traditional form involved a barter system, where people would exchange commodities in rations that justified the exchange for each commodity (Young 265). The introduction of money in trade was an innovative way to give a common value to products, and to use currency as a quantifier of the value of various commodities. Since the introduction of money, the concept of purchasing power emerged. Purchasing power refers to the ability of an individual to possess a given quantity of commodities, based on the amount of money that they have in cash. Money has been given value based on the number of items that a unit of a currency can purchase. However, money in itself does not solve the trading needs of the people in the contemporary world. It is apparent that an increase in international trade activities has led to the development of the need to reduce the use of money in cash. This is primarily because money does not offer a viable way to trade because it is bulky. For instance, if one needs to buy a shipment worth of product from China to the United States, they would be compelled to carry a lot of money in cash, probably in several bags. This is not a feasible way to trade; hence, there has been the introduction of checks and bank notes that have the same value as the money that would be used to facilitate an exchange of a commodity. The main advantage of using the alternatives to money is that a blank check can be given any value that an individual wants to use (Young 268). Checks and other options eliminate the need to carry bulky luggage of money when making a big trade. They also eliminate the risk of losing money because the exchange of money takes place through the bank accounts of the associated traders. Additionally, it is apparent that the individuals making payments can delay the time that the money will be wired to the seller, which makes it possible to receive the goods and services and evaluate them before the payment is made. The maturity period of the alternatives to money gives the buyer a guarantee that they can halt the payment if the seller fails to deliver the products. This is particularly important when trading with unknown sellers. As the world shifts from using paper money, the rise of a digital payment era will lead to the developmen
The subject of Rwandan slaughter that happened in 1994 and took the lives of hundreds of thousands of Rwandan people has been brought up by a number of authors and film makers. One such film is Hotel Rwanda produced by Terry George. Hotel Rwanda focuses on the theme of presence of the West in the course of the civil war in Rwanda and the price of the Western silence which resulted in the fact that the massacre of hundreds of thousands Rwandan citizens went unnoticed by the West even though it happened in the era of television and telecommunication when the news ran round the clock. The film depicts the merciless slaughter of Tutsies in Rwanda featuring one main protagonist Paul Rusesabagina who struggles to protect his family, neighbors and friends hiding them in a four star hotel where he works as a manager. Paul is a Hutu and technically he would not be harmed by the Hutu army, but most of his close people are Tutsies, so Paul does everything possible –lies, pretends, wins time, and even bribes the soldiers – to save the lives of his loved ones and hundreds of other threatened people hiding in the hotel. The theme of the reaction of the West, namely the United States and Europe is ever-present throughout the film. One of the best phrases reflecting the true attitude of the West was said by a representative of the United Nations forces, he said: “We are the peace keepers, not peace makers” (Hotel Rwanda). In the film it is showed that there was no one to protect the interests of innocent Tutsies during the massacre, there were no political or military powers to direct troops to guard simple citizens, helpless men, women and children who were slaughtered right in the streets together with their families. Representatives of the West are present in Rwanda in the very beginning – they are tourists, Red Cross workers, press, United Nations forces, and priests. Yet, all of the non-Rwandans are evacuated by their countries as soon as the war begins. As for Rwandan people – no one is there to take care of them. The main protagonist who has faith in the West and expects its intervention is shocked when he finds out that Rwanda is not significant enough for the western community to take any action and stop the violence. Realizing that Paul suggests the refugees to “shame the West into action” (Hotel Rwanda). The film is a reflection of the power balance in the world demonstrating that being right inside of the situation Rwandans cannot do anything to help themselves, but their friends from the West are able to reach out and save their lives from the outside, without even being a part of the conflict. Symbolically, Rwandan money is useless during the conflict. Paul is unable to pay for supplies or protection with it, only the western currencies are valued. This is another sign of how powerful the Western silent presence is in Rwanda. The passive reaction of the West shows its consumerist attitude also present in Stassen’s Deogratias: A Tale of Rwanda when the Frenchman comments on the war saying “What a waste!” referring to all the killed young wo