ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Beauty Salon   * Vision: Sugar Beauty Salon aims to create a dulcet and lucrative salon climate with separate service areas for men and women where a variety of beauty services is served and area for beauty products sales.   * Mission: help the community people realize their potential by supporting the desire for glamorous looks and build business that is inspired by passion for wellness, health, technology, and art.   * Goals: to offer professional beauty services for urban people in an urban environment.   * Markets served: the local community market; the city market; and the city satellites market.   * Services: cosmetology, spa, hair service, nail service, eye-lash service, tattoo and permanent makeup service, stylist’s consultation, cosmetology school, consultations by beauty specialists including dieting, sports loads, and health condition, and retail of quality beauty products.   * Business strategy: begin small, grow the city and more. Value Proposition The project offers unique value to customers by providing high-quality beauty service “turn-key ready”. This means that any person’s beauty needs can be satisfied by our professionals beginning from a mere hair-cut and ending with developing the whole new style for a business person who would like to present oneself in the new light to partners or clients, etc. Customer Segments   * Urban men with the passion for self-realization and ambition.   * Urban women with the passion for self-realization and ambition.   * Urban families with the passion for wellness, healthy lifestyle, and good looks. Customer Relationships   * Customer relationships is the key factor of success for the project.   * Customer satisfaction is the primary objective for every professional employed.   * Customer loyalty is the main target of the project’s marketing model. Channels   * Direct:       + Sales force.       + Web marketing.       + The salon premise located in a favorable area in the city center next to the major highways.   * Indirect:       + Partner web resources.       + Partner facilities. Key Activities   * Production:       + The key activities aiming at producing the service: employee training; employee motivation.   * Problem solving:       + Knowledge management, legislation monitoring.   * Platform:       + Company website management; company web marketing facilities management including social networks and blogging. Key Resources   * Human resources – employees. The top performing professionals in their areas are the key success factor for the project since the customers seek for the best performing specialists to satisfy their needs.   * Physical resources – materials, equipment, beauty products, salon premises, salon decoration, salon furniture. Key Partners   * Strategic alliances:       + Investors.       + Fashion weeks managing companies and similar market players who need partnership with the beauty professionals to realize their projects.   * Buyer-supplier relations:       + Partnership with the beauty products
Abstract Over the recent past, the concept of using wireless sensor networks has gained popularity in the world of technology, because of the numerous applications and systems, which are dependent on it. Although this is the case, just like any other technological idea, this technology has its own challenges, which in most cases result, because of insufficiency of energy and scarcity of non-renewable resources. However, to curb these challenges, numerous developments, for example, the convergence of computing and communications and the coming up of low-power VLSI, has made this innovation a reality. This paper will discuss what the technology of wireless sensor networks entails and its common topologies and applications. Introduction The wireless sensor network is primarily composed of spatially circulated independent sensors whose main function is to ascertain the level of physical quantities, for, example pressure, sound vibrations, the level of hotness or coldness, movements, and sometimes the amount of pollutants in the air (Stankovic, 2006, pp. 1-2). Recently, it has established its way into a wider variety of applications and systems with infinitely varying requirements and distinctiveness. Wireless sensor networks primarily came into existence, because of the need of the armed forces to have systems that could help to know when an enemy is in their territories. Later on, this technology stated to be used in a number of industrial and consumer applications such as industrial processing, monitoring and controlling of machines, and in hospitals as a mechanism of monitoring and controlling machines (Raghavendra, 2006, p. 17). Wireless sensor networks are primarily comprised of numerous nodes, which in most cases depend on the size of the system. Every node is connected to one or more sensors (Raghavendra, 2006, p. 30-33). These sensors are primarily a form of network node with a microcontroller, radio transceiver, and a sensor node. As a result of its importance, this technological innovation has become a real commodity in the present world; hence, the nature of significance it is given in the world today (Akyildiz, Melodia, & Chowdhury, 2009, p. 7). Wireless Sensor Network Topologies Point To Point Topology This type of a topology is the simplest of all the topologies. It is a permanent link between two points. Every single sensor node under this system must have a different bent and protected couple of wire connection. Pr
Introduction Hofstede’s analysis generally presupposes four stable parameters, according to which the state is analyzed. These parameters include the following:   * Individuality-Collectivity   * Distance from the governing spheres   * Masculinity – Femininity   * Uncertainty avoidance (the grade of people’s readiness for uncertainty) Colombia, one of the state that had been analyzed according to this methodology, and moreover it is in the epicenter of the world community as probable participant of the approaching war. The journalists of the newspapers and services have directed their views to this country, and attentively follow the unfold of the occasions. First of all it would be necessary to give the results of Hofstede’s analysis on Colombia. According to this Colombia is:   * High level of collectivity   * Huge power distance   * Comparatively high uncertainty avoidance   * Comparatively high masculinity level All these parameters may be observed in the actions of the government, and forecast probable reaction of the citizens. News analysis WorldPoliticsReview informs that Venezuela mobilizes its troops for the military actions on the boundary with Colombia. The specter of war looming over Colombia and Venezuela following the recent killing of a Colombian rebel leader comes amid an ongoing and significant increase in Venezuela’s military spending in recent years. Venezuela’s military buildup and continuing concerns about its government’s ties to left-wing rebels provide a worrying context for Venezuela’s recent troop mobilization, though most analysts still believe the chances are slim that the current crisis will spark a military conflict. (Gentile, 2008) The conflict has aroused after Colombia defeated Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) on the territory of Ecuador (March 1, 2008). After that Ecuador broke the diplomatic relations with Colombia, and Hugo Chaves repatriated Colombian diplomats. The given information can not give the full imagination on Hosfede’s analysis, but to analyze the following events, this piece of information is essential. Colombian government had already announced that it is not intending to lead war against Venezuela and Ecuador even inspite of the fact that Colombian troops are larger (250 thousand) than Venezuelan and Ecuadorian together (172 thousand). Additionally, the USA had already offered the help to solve the conflict. The United States has provided Colombia with billions of dollars in military equipment and training over the last several years, with the aim of taking on FARC and other guerilla groups, who traffic in drugs and carry out kidnappings to fund their army . (Gentile, 2008) This characterizes Colombia as the state of individuality, as it is fully determined to solve the conflict peacefully by diplomatic channels. It gives an opportunity to estimate masculinity – femininity para
The concept of face in Chinese cultural background complicates intercultural communication. Face is described as the personal pride or honor that an individual attaches to himself or herself. The Chinese value self- respect, and the concept of face is highly emphasized in their cultural background, where a good reputation, not only for oneself, but also for ones’ family gives someone an advantage in society. It is a positive social value, which is a person’s defense which he or she can claim from others. It gives a person a social front or standing. Authors have described it as a ‘face’ that can be ‘lost’, ‘granted’, ‘gained’ or even ‘presented as a gift’. Even though the concept of face is of Chinese origin it is also incorporated in many languages and societies thereof. This is evidenced by the frequent use of the words honor, reputation and family prestige in different cultural backgrounds in the world. There is the quantifiable or rather measurable concept (mianzi), which is social reputation achieved through ostentation and success in life, and the unquantifiable (lian) , which is the confidence of the society in a person in regard to his or her moral standing. For the Chinese making public mistakes is, by far, the worst humiliation they can ever suffer. This is evidenced by their reluctance to admit failure or wrong doing in public even though it might be minute. The concept of face in western cultural backgrounds is used as a narcissistic defense strategy to protect personal accountability, while for the collectivist Asian cultural backgrounds emphasis is placed on saving collective identity, e.g. family image or reputation of the community. An example is given where a person from a poor background may not be willing to accept financial assistance which he may desperately need. This may be perceived as a confirmation of his or her family’s poverty, hence lack of ways and means of bringing poverty in the family. Chinese communities are designed towards preserving and strengthening social relationships in what is referred to as face giving. The concept of face in Chinese culture takes various perspectives in regard to different study such as semantics, social linguistics and other aspects. These are both science and art criteria in which face in Chinese culture has been illustrated. What is face then to the Chinese, face according to Coggin and Coggin, (2001) is the sum total of an individual emotion, self-respect and confidence. Face is seen as a somewhat key towards the Chinese spirit in addition
Introduction Pre-planned lessons and the whole course in general help a teacher from wasting time unnecessarily. It also ensures that the teacher knows exactly what he is going to teach in class and therefore able to prepare himself thoroughly before class. It will be used as a way of ensuring that the teacher is on schedule and if not to look for extra time to complete on the syllabus. With the help of the template for teaching guide, (Web Institute for Teachers guide, 2000), this paper is a curriculum design of a science course for a teacher of an eighth grade. It outlines the audience of the teaching guide, the necessary skills of such a student and the contents to be covered by the course. Audience This teaching guide is designed for eighth-grade students. Hence, the core curricula should be designed to cater for the adolescent. “Middle school students are undergoing extensive psychological, physiological and social changes, which makes them curious, energetic and egocentric,” (State Board of Education 1985, P.79). This course, therefore, provides opportunities to further and cater to the concerns and wellbeing of adolescents and exposes them to topics of higher interests. The student must have, however, finished all the other levels of study (North Carolina Community College, 2010). It is designed to help them see a connection between classwork theory and their daily activities in and outside the classroom arena. The investigations are conducted to help students realize who they are and they are motivated by the world. They not only learn about themselves but also about their surroundings, including the communities they live in, and the future career opportunities open to them. Prerequisites Science as a discipline relies heavily on the ability to reason logically and a student’s creativity. “A parallel reliance on scientific habits of mind such as intellectual honesty, tolerance of ambiguity, skepticism, and openness to new ideas is crucial to the advancement of science and technology,” (State Board of Education 1985, P. 80). The students at this level should understand that though scientific ideas are supposed to be constant and unchanging, it is at the same time very probabilistic, uncertain, and replicable. The student should have a solid conceptual base on the nature of science and the fundamental principles underlying it. To successfully go through this course, students should be able to investigate scientific facts and principles to test their practicability. They should also be able to hypothetically come up with questions and proceed to answer those questions through scientific methods. They should think logically and critically to be able to distinguish facts from myths. They should use science to gather, arrange and provide data as well as derive explanations from that data. They should analyze experimental procedures and communicate them and their results to the teacher. A student shoul
XBRL is an open standard for business information reporting and regulating the exchange of financial information through XML language. The specification of this language is supported and published by an international non-profit organization XBRL International. XBRL contains metadata that forms taxonomies describing both individual reporting parameters and the relationships between them and other taxonomy elements. Thus, XBRL is a universal digital language for financial and business reporting. One of the main features of XBRL is the presence of precise and authoritative definitions . Taxonomies are definitions that are entirely consistent with reporting terms and items. They are developed by government authorities and, therefore, fully comply with the requirements of laws and regulations. In addition, XBRL supports the ability to establish testable business rules that regulate the transmission of accounting information. This allows for better control over the quality of information sent to regulatory authorities and third parties, as well as to identify questionable information. Moreover, XBRL supports an unlimited number of languages and a broad spectrum of software. The primary users of the XBRL framework are companies and regulators . Typically, different regulators require data in different forms, although the facts contained therein may be the same. Reporting companies thus have to fill in identical data in separate reports. XBRL allows unifying this system by filling in business information once and then generating any reports based on this data. It defines an electronic format for reporting that allows computers to create, validate, and process reports automatically. Determining a unified semantic meaning of facts ensures that each recipient of the report interprets the facts in the same way. Regulators, such as stock exchanges and securities regulators , also benefit from XBRL. First, they are given the opportunity to evaluate the compliance and performance of listed corporations and securities in a universal format. Moreover, regulators can provide the relevant data in this format for other market participants in order to ensure its disclosure and accessibility. Inline XBRL The Inline XBRL (iXBRL) specification allows for embedding XBRL document tags into an HTML page. The main goal of HTML format is the presentation of data in an easy to understand and straightforward way. In other words, HTML documents have become a framework for displaying XBRL data. iXBRL framework is used by both regulators and companies across the globe to customize business reports and financial statements in both human-readable and machine-readable formats. The benefit of iXBRL is that it provides structured and clear information to regulators and analysts. At the same time, it allows reporting entities to maintain complete control over the type and presentation of the
Affordable Care Act was developed as the important statute to reform and regulate the healthcare system of the United States. The statute was signed in 2010, and its principles provoked many debates and discussions because of the policymakers’ intentions to reform the whole approach to the U.S. health insurance system (Shaffer, 2013, p. 969). To discuss the problem of reforming the healthcare system in detail, it is necessary to formulate the specific research question to address the issue of Affordable Care Act and conduct the literature review on the topic. Research Questions The research question associated with the issue of Affordable Care Act is the following one: How can Affordable Care Act contribute to improving the approach to patient protection and to reforming the insurance system in the United States? The sub-questions are the following ones: What are the documented and potential advantages of Affordable Care Act? Is it possible to overcome the limitations of the policy in short terms? Literature Review Affordable Care Act was designed and implemented as the important response to the weaknesses of the U.S. health care system. In spite of the fact that today there are many critics of the accomplishments of Affordable Care Act, it is almost impossible to avoid noticing the obvious advantages of the act to contribute to the patient protection. In his research, Ghosh chooses to focus on positive effects of Affordable Care Act on patients and physicians. Ghosh’s article is the presentation of the final points on the question of Affordable Care Act’s advantages. The strength of Ghosh’s research is in providing
The mass media are important and influential aspects of the modern social life in all the developed countries. The number of publications, newspapers, television channels, and the Internet news resources is constantly increasing. In spite of the fact that a lot of mass media are privately owned, the role of the governments in the development of the countries’ media is significant. Information remains to be one of the most important products in the everyday social life. As a result, it is possible to speak about the interdependence of the mass media and politics or states’ control. Publications and broadcasting materials affect the social vision and discussions of the political events, and governments, in their turn, can control and regulate the mass media significantly. That is why, the question of regulation and control is the key one regarding the mass media system in any country. To understand the specific features of the media control and regulation in the Asian countries, it is important to compare the approaches to the process in Japan and South Korea, paying much attention to the possible similarities and differences in realising the necessary regulation. Although the media control and regulation policies in Japan and South Korea are based on certain cultural and political aspects which contribute to determining similarities between these two countries, the level of the governmental involvement into the process is different. The mass media control and regulation is realised with the help of certain laws, procedures, and rules which are developed by the governments or special administrations in order to guide the mass media and protect the state and public interests. Regulation measures are usually used toward press, television media, radio, and Internet to promote the definite market situation and avoid or support the expansion of the foreign media into the internal market of the certain country (Morris & Waisbord, 2001). Control and regulation can be presented in the form of censorship, providing the definite limits for broadcasting and for owning mass media companies (Bertrand, 2003). Although regulation and control procedures can be discussed as restricting the freedoms of speech in the democratic societies, these measures are considered as necessary to protect the public interests and form the effective information society in a certain country. On the contrary, regulations and rules support the necessary diversity and can contribute to preventing the concentration of the media control in the hands of the authorities pursuing only political interests (Hoffman-Riem, 1996). Thus, the question of the media control regarding the relations between the mass media and politics as well as society is rather controversial, and all the above-mentioned issues are also associated with the situations in Japan and South Korea. Today, the most influential mass media in Japan are newspapers, governmental and commercial television channels, and the Internet. Furtherm
Introduction The construction industry adopted specialized technologies in the design and management of projects. Activities in a building are established after the modelling stage, in which prototypes imitating real objects to be made in the project are created and assessed. This is done through Building Information Modelling (BIM), which integrates the entire life cycle of a project (Rui 83). In building, sculpting serves as a reference mostly because systems and processes are highly linked up. The demonstration is done through various software, which will be discussed later in the paper. Using BIM in engineering projects reduces cost, improves teamwork, and lessens risks and expenses. Application of software is relevant in simulation and visualization of project scope, schemes projection, and monitoring of changes in plan in terms of cost and design. However, despite the numerous benefits related to BIM, they are associated with a couple of risks due to human errors, inefficient communication, and prototype setting techniques. Project managers should avoid relying on software models and consider deficiencies that could exist in the process (Patil et al. 2775-2780). Moreover, decision-making in firms that apply software design is complex due to diverse opinions from many parties. Different models have unique functionalities, and therefore, project managers can integrate them to increase construction efficiency. This report will be focusing on the five-modeling software and construction of the Kosciusko bridge in New York and will finally compare two projects in the USA. 2D Modelling Software The 2D model is the most basic demonstration used in construction; it is applied in cutting shapes, especially in sheet materials. It involves vector art programs that utilize mathematic equations and geometrics, that is, points, shapes, and lines (Liu et al. 4). Programs in 2D are used in engraving through digital fabricatio