ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The art of painting has undergone massive evolution in its history, which spans many centuries. In its evolution process, many styles have developed thus expanding any painter’s repertoire notably. Among the many styles that have developed over time is popular art or simply ‘pop art’, which became widespread in the second half of the 20 th century. Andy Warhol emerged as the most illustrious among other pop artists. This essay seeks to examine Andy Warhol and his painting career with a focus on his style, its tenets, and his overall contribution to the art of painting. Andy Warhol in Perspective From a moral perspective, Warhol’s paintings do not seem to breach any norms, yet they still spurred heated discussions. However, the fact that his paintings were so intriguing to such a wide range of people is of particular interest. In addition, the reason behind his being named the “prince of pop art” is also of interest. Andy Warhol was born in 1928 and was raised in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, by his parents who were both Czech emigrants (The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, 2013). His mother, being artistic, encouraged his interest in art with presents for accomplishing some minor art tasks. In childhood, he was in and out of school most of the time due a chorea attack, which adversely affected his acceptance by other students and consequently his self-esteem. Warhol started art classes at high school level and went on to study art at the Carnegie Institute of Technology (The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, 2013). As an artist, his career was hardly influenced by other artists, but his work widely influenced others. He discovered a technique he called the “blotted-line technique” while in high school and went on to use it at the dawn of his career. The technique earned him some recognition, but he later abandoned it and started painting on canvas. The use of canvas led him to discover silk-screening, which he used for the rest of his career. His most remembered painting is that of Campbell’s soup cans. He died in 1987 aged 58 years after successfully surviving a surgery (The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts). The nature of Warhol’s paintings pitches him as a spontaneous artist whose dominant theme is quite elusive to pinpoint. His paintings depict a wide range of themes ranging from love-related issues in his Love and In the Bottom of My Garden to moral issues in Late Paintings (Danto, 2009.). His style has been described as being so full of life that the paintings seem to ‘pop’ out of the canvas (Guiles, 1989). Pop art, which Warhol practiced, emerged first in the Great Britain where it was used to criticize the British lifestyle in the 1950s (Watson, 2003). In the US, it came as a departure from convention so that artists could paint anything that was part of popular culture. In Britain, pop art was initiated and propagated by the Independent Group while in the US, the movement behind pop art was simply known as the Pop Art Movement (Watson, 2003). While other artists espoused the idea of a
Introduction In their study, Rosenthal and Jacobson (1966) relied on the results of experiments involving animal subjects. Their findings showed that the expectations of the researchers and their perception of the intellectual capacity of the subjects determine the performance of the latter. As a result, the objective of the present research was to test this theory in the schools using teachers as the source of expectations and the younger school children as subjects. Method Participants The participants were elementary school children who undertook a test. Overall, there were 18 classrooms of participants. The children were divided into two main groups – those with “unusual potential” (as perceived by the teachers), and the control group. About 20% of students in each of the participating classrooms were reported by their teachers to possess unusual learning potential and a tendency for greater IQ gains. Apparatus The tool used for the evaluation of the children’s learning capacities and the IQ gains was TOGA, Test of General Ability, developed by Flanagan in 1960 and specialized in such skills as writing, arithmetic, and reading. The test included two main domains for evaluation – reasoning and verbal. The latter was designed to measure the children’s vocabulary, concept knowledge, and information, and the former item targeted such ability as concept formation based on the drawing of abstract lines. TOGA was specifically developed by its author in order to provide the researchers with an opportunity to evaluate the intellectual capacities of the individuals; even those whose learning was not based on the standard educational curriculum. Procedure During the research, Flanagan’s test was held in each of the participating classrooms masked as an assessment designed to determine academic success and intellectual capacity of the students. In every class, the children were divided into groups based on their levels of performance – above average, average, and below average. Further, 20% of the children were selected as recognized for their high scores. In reality, the performance and scores of the children were not taken into consideration, but their names were chosen randomly and given to the teachers for the latter to believe that these students possessed some outstanding learning abilities. In eight months, the performance and IQ gains of the students was reassessed with the same test in order to determine the changes. Results After systematizing the results and evaluating the changes, the researchers noticed that the performance of the 20% of the children (those who were named as the most capable ones) was significantly better than their results from the past evaluation. To be more precise, the students from the experimental group have gained on average 24.8 IQ points. In contrast, the children from the control group showed a gain of 16.2 IQ points only. Discussion
Ann Johnson is an overweight woman of 35 who has never exercised properly and lived off sweets and fast food. Being overweight has not bothered the woman until her husband left her. Ann turned to me because she wishes to get in good shape, get rid of cellulite and become more beautiful. The purpose of this paper is to develop and design a nutrition and coaching plan for the client. Ann Johnson does not lack motivation for working out for she is insulted by her husband’s betrayal and wants to show everyone that she can change her body. However, the woman might experience difficulties during the training process for she will have to break her habits which might be not easy. At my initial consultation, I would explain to Ann that I will need at least 1-month commitment from her to ensure her switching to a healthier lifestyle. Moreover, after this period of working out, she might see some results which will encourage her to train harder. I would classify this client as a beginner and design a workout plan and a diet accordingly. The choice of this level is explained by the fact that Ann’s physical activity has been low and the client has never followed healthy eating recommendations. Her organism is not used to regular muscle loading and strenuous activity. Speaking about the limiting factors, they might include the power of unhealthy habits and her age. In fact, when females turn 35 their bodies experience a slowdown in metabolism; besides, due to a decrease in estrogen levels, it becomes more difficult to monitor blood sugar levels (Berardi et al. 85). That is why behavior goals for the client are getting used to a healthier lifestyle and acquiring a habit of training regularly. It is very important for Ann to understand that her figure will start to change slowly. Achieving the outcome goals that are losing weight and eliminating the signs of cellulite might take up to one year. During our first appointment, I will record the following assessments: circumference, body weight, and body fat percentage measurements. They are necessary for tracking progress and assessing the results of our work. As for the nutrition and supplement plan that I would recommend, first of all, it includes cutting out sugar, soda, fast food, sweets, and white bread and taking L-Carnitine for a better result. However, with our short-term goal being Ann’s getting used to a healthier lifestyle, there would be not so many restrictions for the first month. For Ann, I would choose a light diet of 1,750 calories per day with a cheat meal once a weak. Nevertheless, before starting, she should have a medical examination and discuss the plan with the doctor to avoid a negative impact on her health. As for the appointment scheduling and workout plan, Ann would be supposed to visit the gym three times a week. On Monday, she will work on her hands, Wednesday will be a leg day, and on Friday, Ann will strengthen her press muscles. Each time we will discuss t
Introduction The success and future survival of organisations is greatly dependent on the strength of its human capital. Employee recruitment forms the first step of developing a strong workforce. Nurturing a strong workforce is one of the factors that can contribute towards the creation of a high competitive advantage (Cooper & Burke 2011). Upon selecting and inducting the best job candidates, firms’ management teams have to ensure that they retain such workers within the organisation for as long as possible. Consequently, it is essential for firms’ management teams to ensure that they incorporate effective human resource management practices. One of these practices touches on retention management. Employee retention is one of the aspects that HR managers should focus on in their operations. Employee retention refers to voluntary efforts undertaken by organisations with the objective of creating a working environment that keeps employees for a long term. Additionally, employee retention also focuses at reducing voluntary employee turnover. Employee retention can significantly contribute towards improvement of firms’ performance. Firms that are not in a position to retain their employees experience a problem in their effort to capitalise on their human resource (Shiekh, Qamar, & Iqbal 2008). Currently, organisations are facing a major challenge emanating from increased employee turnover (Cooper & Burke 2011). Managing and retaining top talent is a prime consideration for most organisations especially in the 21 st century. The importance of ensuring employee retention has improved in the wake of the high rate of liberalisation and globalisation being experienced in the business environment. Consequently, employees can easily shift their workplaces. Organisations characterised by a low rate of employee turnover compared to the respective industry average tend to have a high competitive advantage. In light of the above insights, this paper evaluates how human resource management can improve employee retention coupled with building and sustaining competitive advantage. Human Resource Management and employee retention In the 21 st century, organisations are facing a major challenge emanating from increased employee turnover. Some of the reasons that explain the high rate of employee turnover during the 21 st century include shortage of skills, workforce diversity, changes in expectations of new employees, and increased competition in the labour market. The labour market ha
The social advancement in society over the past years will help me predict social patterns over the coming years. Understanding these trends enables me to conceptualize how my roles and responsibilities as a nurse would significantly change to meet the increasing demand for caregiving. From the demographic statistics provided in chapter 25, there has been population increase, and infant mortality decrease in the 20 th century as compared to the 19 th century (Macionis, 2021). This note indicates a significant increase in demand for nursing services. Additionally, the change in consumption patterns and lifestyles has increased the prevalence of cancer and other chronic diseases, prompting intensive scientific research and sophistication in medical technologies (Macionis, 2021). This advancement necessitates that I familiarize myself with the latest medical equipment and diagnosis methods that I would utilize in my profession. Moreover, the adoption and use of the internet and mass media platforms have made it easy to share medical information, resulting in health awareness amongst people; therefore, professional ethics relating to nursing would be essential in practice. Although science and technology have solved
Introduction The Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) is the potential radical terrorist organization operating in the Palestinian arena. The Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) is a vicious creature among Palestine’s extremist groups like that of Hamas. Islamic Jihad launched suicide attacks against Israeli targets with a view to establish an independent Palestinian state. The PIJ nourished the ideology of jihad in its spontaneous endeavors to liberate considered as a holy struggle. Palestine from the yoke of Israel. The PIJ was little more than a shapeless collection of factions like that of Hamas in the mid 1970. The group maintains nexus to the Muslim brotherhood in Palestine and Egypt. The PIJ received spontaneous enthusiasm from the Jihad movement in Egypt which dreamt to install the secular government in Cairo as an Islamic alternative force. The Jihad movements abnegated the political ideology that was prevalent in the Middle East. It is a unification of the Islamic world as a pre condition for the salvation of Palestine. Palestinian nationalist’s optimist that the struggle against the “Zionist entity” would forge broad based unity among Arab states. Group Ideology Czwarno, M., (2006) addressed that the Islamic Jihad holds the view that it is in the precursor of a pan-Islamic revolution that instigated the revolution in Iran. In spite of Shia orientation, the Iranian revolution provided insight a potential prototype for the PIJ. The PIJ opposes moderate secular Arab administration. 1 Two demagogues have played vital roles in the PIJ’s history. Fathi Shaqaqi was despaired by the moderation of the Muslim Brotherhood. Egyptian administration expelled Shaqaqi from Egypt after the assassination of President Anwar Sadat in 1981. He repatriated to the Gaza Strip to form the Palestinian Islamic Jihad. Subsequently, Israeli authorities expelled Shaqaqi to Lebanon in 1988. During his stay in Lebanon, he maintained political nexus with Syria and Iran, as well as Hezbollah. 2 The group received training and armaments from the Iranian Revolutionary Guards. The PIJ returned to Lebanon in support of Hezbollah. Shaqiqi was assassinated by Israeli intelligence agents in Malta in 1995. Arquilla, J., and Ronfeldt, D. (2001) mentioned that Dr. Ramadan Abdallah Shalah, a close associate of Fathi Shaqaqi took over the responsibility of PIJ after Shaqaqi’s demise. At the onset of the first Intifada, there are as many as 250 militants in PIJ. The PIJ introduced the use of suicide bombers following their contact with Hezbollah. The group is liable for dozens of attacks at Israeli targets on the anniversary of Fathi Shaqaqi’s demise. Harakat al-Jihad al-Islami al-Filastini is known as Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ). It was established in 1979 by Islamic fundamentalist Fathi Shaqaqi. The 1979 Islamic revolution in Iran influenced the group’s founder Shaqaqi influenced Iran Islamic revolution in 1979. The PIJ is committed to create of an independent Islamic Palestinian state and the devastation of Israel through a jihad.
Apple Inc. is a US multinational company that has its headquarters in California and designs, manufactures, and sells electronics, online services, and software. It was founded in early 1976 by Steve Wozniak, Ronald Wayne, and Steve Jobs and mainly dealt with the development and sale of personal computers (Kane, 2015). The company became incorporated in 1977 when it changed its name to Apple Computer, Inc., a process that gave it considerable momentum and increased profitability. Some of its hardware products are personal computers, smartphones, tablet computers, and media players (Kanagal, 2015). The corporation’s software includes iTunes media player, iOS and macOS operating systems, and the Safari web browser, while its online services encompass iCloud and App Store. Nevertheless, the high cost of its products coupled with the struggle for power between executive directors caused problems for the corporation. Because of the arising challenges, Steve jobs decided to resign and start his company referred to as NeXT. With the expansion of the computer market, Apple experienced decreased sales attributable to low-priced products from its competitors, especially Microsoft. Job shuffles followed to the point that its CEO in 1997 chose to buy NeXT as a way of bringing back Steve Jobs to the corporation (Kao, 2018). After regaining the CEO position, Steve Jobs began the process of rebuilding Apple’s reputation, which he succeeded in realizing until 2011 when he resigned as the Chief Executive Officer because of health problems. Apple is currently the largest information technology corporation across the globe with respect to revenue and the second-biggest cellphone manufacturer after Samsung. In 2015, Apple was the first American company to be valued at more than 700 billion US dollars. It employs over 120,000 full-time workers and runs about 500 retail stores in about 22 nations.
Introduction The idea of the left-right spectrum in politics is a form of governance that makes a classification of the political positions. The right-wing ideologies include the following ; order hierarchy, tradition, reaction, authority, nationalism, and duty. All these are policies based on the state of national cooperation and unity they are focused on national development and tradition over the aspect of individual well-being. The left-wing ideologies differ from these in that they are based on individual well-being and fair life practices they include; equality, freedom, progress, fraternity, internationalism, reform, and rights. The scale, therefore, works in a manner to classify the political ideologies. The classification model works in a way that allows for left-wing ideologies (Richards, 2017). These types value; individualism, liberty, progress, social intervention, and equality among all state individuals, at least not those limited by the correctional bodies (March 2017). At the same time, the right ideologies look into a more controlled form of ruling. It espouses hierarchy, market deregulation, pessimism, and authority. The theory at hand, however, ignores numerous policies and confines theories. Therefore, the approach can be said to have logical flaws. The paper shall argue this out. Basis of the Left-Right Spectrum The consideration of political ideas and policies depicted by views such as the left-right spectrum can easily be regarded as a failing spectrum. The main reason for the opinion held is that the aspect of leftist or rightist ideologies is all subjective the aspects of equality and other policies such as fairness and the freedoms availed are all relative to the people experiencing the policies. The inability to formulate a standard measurement for new policies may damage the measure of left or right policies and who has trusted them, and what that means. All the same, the idea of looking into the collectivist policies held by specific ideologies and the freedom proposed can be respected as the basis of the subjective political scaling these include the ideologies of conservatism, monarchism, Nazism, and Fascism. These policies all practiced in the past are right-wing policies all increasing in intensity and most are impossible to practice in the current political environment. Historical Relevance The history of the policies is, however, based on the French revolution. The ideas of left- and right-wing ideologies, opinions, and approaches all stemmed from the parliamentary sitting concerning the monarch. At the point of the French revolution, the division in the monarch is a radical split between liberalism and authority (Richards, 2017). The liberalist French were pushing for a more Aristocratic monarch. At the same time, the
Introduction A mid-sized company that is based in South Carolina is now preparing for its Initial Public Offer (IPO). Upon joining the organization as the COO (Chief Operating Officer), I discovered multiple personnel challenges in the organization, which can deteriorate investor confidence and cause poor reception of the organization’s IPO. John placed an angry outburst on his Facebook wall, where he condemned the organization’s most vital client. One of the division overseers demands the consent of the COO to let off his escritoire for noncompliance. However, upon asking her to come to the administrative center, I found out that she had declined to set up a fake outflow statement for her manager. Anna’s manager also declined to endorse her day-off appeal to attend to another panel task. Currently, the supervisor is planning to terminate her contract for her being out of work with no consent. Although personnel-related challenges take different forms, this paper discusses how I can address these challenges in the context of the employment-at-will doctrine. Summary of the Employment-at-will Doctrine Employment contracts in all parts of the US apart from Montana are guided by the employment-at-will doctrine. In other nations, employment dismissals are based on the cause. States that have retained the at-will presumption assert that the law is important in terms of respecting contract freedoms and ensuring employer reverence. Instead of job security, most employers and employees prefer presumption. In summary, the employment-at-will doctrine holds that employers have the right and freedom of terminating employee pact at any particular time for whatever reason they deem necessary apart from an illegal reason and when an organization does not incur any liability (Roehling, 2003). The doctrine also allows employees to quit their jobs any time without giving any reason or having to issue a notification. By so doing, they should not face any legal consequences. The at-will presumption gives employers the freedom to alter employment terms without giving prior notice or attracting any official upshot. This claim means that employers can change wages and salaries and withdraw certain benefits without any legal liability. In the absence of any modification, the laws open employees to the vulnerability of sudden or arbitrary dismissals. They can be called for work without following any schedule to meet the needs of their employers (Roehling, 2003). However, in many states, including South Carolina, default employment-at-will doctrine is modifiable by terms of a contract. For instance, employers and employees can enter into a contract where they provide for termination in the event of a cause. In South Carolina and other states, apart from Montana, negotiations for contractual employment terms are mainly done with top-ran