ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction In films, the visual representation of characters and events in the context of a specific design plays a critical role in conveying a certain message and provoking emotions in the audience. The Godfather (1972), directed by Francis Ford Coppola, can serve as a vivid example of the importance of design, composition, and colors in creating the desired meaning and effect on viewers. This visual impact can be achieved by intentionally using the elements of composition and colors, focusing on the relationships between characters and moral or philosophical issues. It is possible to state that the scenes in The Godfather are built according to the principles of a compositional frame supported by a dominant color palette selected by Coppola. The purpose of this paper is to analyze how the details of design and composition as well as colors used in The Godfather contribute to accentuating relationships between characters and emphasizing moral and philosophical dilemmas. Design The role of design in films is to express the meaning by the visual language and composition, evoking a strong emotion in the audience. In The Godfather , some key elements of design are used to complete Coppola’s goals: differences in angles shift accents on characters, and the use of colors supports the themes of family, love, dedication, and death (Block 159). In his film, Coppola is focused on contrasts that play different roles. For example, in the scene of meeting Vito Corleone and Bonasera, Corleone’s office is shadowed, as well as the figure of Vito, to put emphasis on the power and secrets of this character in contrast to Bonasera. Furthermore, in this scene, Vito has a red rose on his lapel that contrasts with the surroundings of a dark office and attracts the viewer’s attention ( The Godfather ). In the first case, the contrast allows for thinking about differences in positions of these two men. In the second case, a red rose typically associated with a love symbol can provoke thoughts about blood. Composition The detailed focus on the composition of scenes in The Godfather helps to reveal the following aspects: much attention is paid to camerawork and creating different angles and perspectives. As a result, the way of how characters are set in a scene and how they are accentuated with the help of camera movement contributes to emphasizing the relationship between them (Mercado 2). For instance, in most scenes where characters communicate with Vito, they stand or sit in front of each other in dark settings, stressing tension and a possible conflict between them because of hierarchy ( The Godfather ). Thus, dark settings typical for indoor scenes highlight the importance of conversations between the characters, the content of which should not be disclosed. On the contrary, the composition of scenes that represent family members is different, and these characters tend to sit or stand on the left or right of each other, demonstrating their closeness and attachment. Color and light schemes in these scenes are brighter in comparison to scenes portraying Vito. Colors The prevalent co
Ethical dilemma is a situation where a person is challenged by two opposing decisions. One of them may be right in two different circumstances. The ability to know what is right and what is wrong is often in conflict with the objective of ethical conduct. Ethical dilemma comes in various forms in our everyday activities. An environmental engineer who has a code of conduct in his/her career and the ethical dilemma in his/her line of work can alter either his/her moral principles or ethical conduct. For example, an environmental engineer who has the mandate to publish a report on the possible health risks associated with citing an oil refinery in a community will be at dilemma with his/her ethics and moral values. The ethical code for the environmentalist is to make sure that the welfare of the environment is safe. In addition, if he/she foresees any obstacle to that rule, he/she is to alert the public and the government. There will be a clash of interest for the engineer who has an initial goal of providing a report that will suit his/her employer. On getting to the community, the engineer who carries out series of tests and surveys may notice that the soil has potential hazards for the host community; then the question is if the project should continue. Such a situation is seen as an ethical dilemma for the engineer. If he/she chooses to act right, he/she will violate the objective for which he/she was hired by his/her employer. The risk of being laid off or replaced with a competent environmentalist is obvious. Should the one be laid off, that person will have no derived gain because of his/her good decisions. In the above example, the engineer will definitely go ahead in publishing his/her report, either for or against his/her moral principle. Ethics is challenged with moral principle. An employer may even use financial gains to satisfy the employer’s interest in the report. Such a report may not include a full evaluation of the situation as it violates his/her ethical code of conduct. In taking such a decision, a person will have to consult with various agents and minds, and take his/her decision based on some conditions prevailing at that time. If there are incentives specified for such a position, it will be easier for the engineer to take a bold stand. However, in cases where there are no such arrangements, the engineer will go against his/her ethical code. Remember that whichever decision the engineer makes, it can be right and significant in his/her final report. In completing the assignment, an in-depth assessment of the location may be covered so as not to reveal the extent of damage. This situation is termed ethical dilemma. Sometimes, it means choosing between two rights, or even two wrongs. The engineer finally finishes his/her report with possible omissions of real facts, or the careful use of words that will not create tension to the already volatile situation. “I will ensure that my customer’s satisfaction comes first in my
Sustainability is a key issue that should be considered at the initial design stages. In architecture, sustainability refers to the use and application of environmentally friendly resources and techniques in the design and construction of buildings. Sometimes, a designer meets challenges in the course of his work but these difficulties can always work out to his advantage. The use of available materials and resources to create unique and attractive pieces of architecture promotes sustainability. Example An architect designed a house with carbon neutral footprint and a lap swimming pool. He faced two limitations. These were:   * The size of the land that was to be used for putting up the house was too small and could not fit a lap swimming pool.   * Presence of a steep downward slope as one approaches the house from the entrance walkway. These two factors could not limit the architect in his design and he used his ingenuity and innovativeness to create a distinctive design. He reused bioproducts that consumed little energy to construct the house (Lewis 10). Moreover, he used the land’s structure to ensure that house overpasses the swimming pool. This ensured that the pool would help in temperature regulation by restraining the heat using passive methods such as earth berming. In this method, snow, water or earth are used to ensure heat loss. This made the houses cool always. Figures 1, 2 and 3 show the various exterior views of the house. From them, one is able to see the uniqueness of the building in the way the house is built on top of the pool. Furthermore, the pictures show how the surrounding has been integrated by the use of rocks and indigenous plants. Figure 1: Front view of the house Figure 2: The swimming pool showing the house bridging over it Figure 3: Side view of the house and swimming pool Reference Lewis, Stephanie. Green Desert Home . 2010. Web.
Introduction In recent years, environmental discrimination becomes an inevitable evil affected all geographical regions. In the real world, people strive for the national interest as they subjectively perceive it. Among policy-makers, the level of attention given to the concept of the saving national environment by the major powers has fluctuated with the degree of concern over their clarity of thinking in foreign policy. In the USA, much of society has long believed wetlands to be insect and disease-infested, barriers to movement, and deterrents to development. The redeeming features of wetlands are perceived to be their role as refuges from persecution or attack and their regulatory effects on runoff, acting like sponges to soak up floodwaters and then to release this water over the dry season. Urbanization and biomass The authors Carson and Quinn admit that with urbanization, impermeable roofs, paved roads, and sidewalks replace permeable soil areas, resulting in increased runoff and reduced groundwater recharge To compensate for this loss of recharge, recharge wells that route runoff directly down to aquifers and recharge basins that trap runoff and provide time for infiltration into groundwater have been constructed. Although recharge basins and wells are beneficial in restoring potentially lost recharge to the underlying aquifers, they can be sources of contamination. Many of these contaminants are not biodegradable and may continue to persist in groundwater at levels dangerous to health for long periods of time. Similarly, private wells, although not unique to urbanization, can be problematic in urban areas where high population densities tap into shallow aquifers. If not installed properly, these wells may serve as conduits for the flow and seepage of pollutants from surface water into groundwater. Quinn admits that wildlife extinction is real dander for more than 200 species “Those 200 species are becoming extinct because they have something we need. We need the living stuff they’re made of. We need their biomass in order to maintain our biomass” (Quinn). Effects of excessive withdrawal include declining groundwater levels and in some cases declining surface water levels and desiccation of wetlands. In coastal areas, overpumping may induce landward movement of the fresh-saltwater interface, causing saltwater intrusion of coastal freshwater wells. This problem is primarily associated with high water demand from large population centers rather than agricultural activities, and it is clear that saltwater intrusion is a potential threat when areas proximal to the sea are developed Excessive withdrawals of groundwater can also cause ground subsidence, which has resulted in damage to building structures, highways, pipelines, and tunnels. Croplands and p
Definitions of keywords Crime A crime could be defined to be a violation of civilized behaviors, as a direct result of which injury is bestowed upon public, or members of the public. It is the omission or commission of acts to do or not to do, certain work whose omission or commission causes harm to others, and as such is punishable by the due processes of law. The punishment of crimes commensurate with its nature, surroundings and circumstances, which underline the mode of its commission and behavioral patterns and psyche of its perpetrators. Felony A more serious variety of crime is called felony, which is sufficiently serious to award capital sentence, or wide ranging term sentences, upon conviction in Federal prisons. It could also be termed for sentences of less than one year, depending upon discretionary powers exercised by the judge. High crimes are often termed as felonies and often require constitutional intervention. Misdemeanor A minor kind of crimes, which results in detention in county or local jails, under the jurisdiction of local law enforcement authorities constitutes misdemeanors. “Misdemeanors typically result in imposition of such punishments as a heavier fine than what someone would pay if they committed a petty offense, or a jail sentence not exceeding a year.” (Law info: Felonies and Misdemeanors –criminal lawyers). A person or entity could be convicted in either one or a variety of crimes encompassing felony or misdemeanors. In this case, there are two aspects to be considered. Firstly, the determination of the level of crime on the Company itself, and secondly, the type of crime that could be leveled on its principal officers guilty of criminal misfeasance. Determination of crime level of the Company itself It is seen that the crime committed by M/s. Reliant Energy Services Inc. relates to criminal manipulation of energy by shutting down the power supply, creating artificial scarcity and exploiting public sentiment by hiking up energy prices for illegal profit making. This would fall under the category of public fraud and be termed as felony, since the basic intention was to defraud the public into paying higher prices. There are also enough ground to suggest Charging Conspiracy, Commodities Manipulatio
Introduction The concept of Internet Market or online marketing is very young and started less than a decade back when the World Wide Web became affordable and accessible to the public. The medium of the Internet provided an easy way for manufacturers and sellers of products and services to make potential buyers aware of their products. The net costs less than a fraction of what a print media or a TV spot would cost and the reach is more focussed and the possibility of the target market being reached directly improved very much. But the fact remains that if the Internet is easy and convenient for one company it was equally easy for the competition. Thus was created the opportunity to ‘catch the eyeballs’, ensure that your product stood out among the others and the birth of specialized Internet marketing. This paper provides an analysis of Internet Marketing and examines various features that make up the Internet. About Internet Marketing Gladding (2006) has suggested that the eCommerce marketplace has revolutionized the way in which businesses and consumers interact, by providing a medium through which one party can search, order, pay for and even receive the service or product. The World Wide Web, as its name suggests is a global marketplace, allowing anyone with access to the Internet to order products and services just as easily from a supplier on the far side of the world as from a business in the same town. In practice however, the global market is unevenly distributed with the highest concentration of Internet hosts and users in US, Europe, Australia and a few countries in Asia such as India, China, Japan and others. The growth in online access is being fuelled by several factors including changing consumer attitudes (particularly among the cash rich, time poor), mass media attention, the evolution of a computer literate population, and government initiatives. Internet Market Size Furness (2007) has suggested that global online consumer spending was valued at US $24 billion in 1999, and this figure rose to US $660 billion by 2005, as consumers transfer an increasing proportion of their expenditure to Internet-based e-tailers. The figure does not include corporate opportunities that are created as a result of Internet based queries, accessing large construction projects, aerospace projects, shop building contracts and others through the Internet. The author contends that if this market seg
Executive Summary B2B biotechnology company engaged in food production plans to expand to overseas countries in the Asia-Pacific region. The organization is resident in Australia with limited resources. A major annual trade show was chosen as a promotion tool and a mode of communication. The company is an SME, which collaborates with partners on a key business and development strategy for it. However, preparation and participation in trade shows are quite expensive, so the effectiveness of this solution needs to be investigated. Thus, this report provides information about the advantages and opportunities that trade shows provide for promoting the company’s innovative product to the foreign market. Introduction The biotechnology sector is currently developing rapidly, and the demand for innovative products in this area is growing, which is especially relevant for the countries of the Asia-Pacific region. Australia is currently a leader among other states in the region, which makes the conditions favorable for the international expansion of companies. Thus, a small and medium enterprise (SME) dealing with food production in the field of biotechnology wants to present its innovative product at one of the biotechnology trade shows. The organization has successfully applied fermentation to synthesize casein, making it possible to create nutritious milk. The product will help many countries to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases produced by cattle significantly. Thus, this product will be most useful for countries such as India, where there are currently problems with hunger and environmental degradation. The company has chosen a major annual trade show as a tool for promoting and entering the market of foreign countries. This solution is ideal as the company operates in the B2B sector and is an SME, which makes the trade show the most suitable platform for regional expansion. Biotechnology Industry Biotechnology Industry in Asia-Pacific Region For a successful launch of an innovative product using any promotion tool, it is necessary to analyze the state of the market. First of all, it is necessary to assess the existing competition both in Australia and in the target countries of the Asian Pacific region. Many Asian-Pacific countries, in particular India, are currently showing an increased interest in biotechnology in food production. For example, the share of the bio-agriculture segment in India occupies 16% of the industry ( Biotechnology , n.d). Moreover, by
Introduction Zaha Hadid is a contemporary Iraqi female architect who has been increasingly making a name for herself in the international arena in the field of architecture. Hadid’s strong point Hadid’s strong point has been her trait of personal forcefulness that has enabled her to evade weak projects and weak customers and concentrate on creating forceful architecture. She was one of many revolutionary architects graduating from the Architectural Association of London, who rejected traditional modernism and postmodernism while striving to attain the maximum level of new modernism that embodied lofty ideas of history and human identity while blending modern disarray and disjuncture. Taking a finer line, Hadid adopted the style of neo-modernist architecture of baroque modernism first introduced by classicists such as Borromini. Following this style, she began favoring dizzying spaces, shattering formal space-bound structures with walls, ceilings, and right angles, and replacing them with a new fluid relation to space involving several perspective points and fragmented geometry to simulate the disarray in modern life (Designmuseum.org). Hadid’s style of architecture Hadid’s style of architecture produces the solid apparatus to create an illusion of space as if it moves and alters shape as we move along. The flowing, open nature of her style comprises a witty reaction to the increasingly reinforced and undemocratic urban landscapes of modern times. Hadid puts forward her architectural ideas in the form of impressionistic, abstract paintings explicitly meant to convey the feel of radical, fluid spaces, posturing that traditional architectural drawings could not get across the ‘feel’ of spaces as only paintings could. Clients at first hesitated to invest money on projects based on Hadid’s peculiar style of architecture (Designmuseum.org), but gradually one project after another came her way, the pace accelerating as her success story grew. Hadid has created a large number of architectural successes. Some of them are the Architectural Foundation, London , Serpentine Pavilion, London , Transport Museum, Glasgow , Civil Courts of Justice, Madrid , Lilium Tower, Warsaw , Innovation Tower , Cable Railway Station, Nordpark , The Opus, Dubai , Performing Arts Center, Abu Dhabi , Opera House, Guangzhou , Pierre Vives Building, Montpellier (E-architect.co.uk), and the Car Park and Terminus, Strasbourg (About.com). Two of her most famous works are in the U.S – the Price Tower Arts Center and the Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art (About.com). The Price Tower Arts Center The former, begun in 2002 and yet to be completed, is meant as a Study Center with an adjacent store to accommodate increasing collections of works on paper. It covers an area of 50,000 square meters. It is not enforced on the Price Tower itself, but emanates out of the s
Social class as a determinant of religious expression Social class determines religious expression in that the adherence of a person to certain religious beliefs is correlated to his or her position in the social class he or she belongs. People in the non-working class tend to be more conservative in their religious beliefs. Sectarianism is a term that helps to describe this fact better, which refers to a form of organization of religious beliefs that is common in the lower class. Religious beliefs and doctrines of the traditional churches tend to meet the needs of people in the upper classes (Campbell & Putnam, 2010). On the other hand, evangelical churches offer a fantasy world in order to meet the needs of its working class. People with poor social-economic backgrounds tend to associate themselves with activities of sect-type religion. In Great Britain, it is also observed that the majority of poor people comprise a greater percentage of sect churches (Johnstone, 2007). In the United States of America, there is a notable difference in the involvement of religious activities among people in different social classes (Honeycutt & Sheldonand, 2011). People in the middle class are more oriented toward traditional beliefs and tend to engage in insect activities. Social class determines religious participation because high-class people tend to participate more in voluntary organizations. There is always a high correlation between membership in such organizations and religious beliefs and churches linked to particular social classes. People from the middle class tend to work at different times with many organizations, which include churches. People from these middle class also tend to join church organizations and activities voluntarily. Religious expressions vary with different social classes (Campbell & Putnam, 2010). For example, members in protestant churches in the middle class prefer formal organizations when it comes to church activities. On the other hand, people in the working class who confess protestant faith prefer expressing their religious beliefs in an emotional, spontaneous style. Members being less expressive in their religious behavior characterize main denominations in the United States of America. Extreme commitments, on the other hand, characterize membership in sect denomination where members are more involved to the extent of affecting other aspects of life. Members in sect denominations, unlike those in churches, are more psychologically involved at a personal level. Secularization through the church activities for members in the middle class has also caused a correlation of religious expressions and social class in the United States of America (Honeycutt & Sheldonand, 2011). In a society that has both privileged and underprivileged people, the common trend is that underprivileged people tend to join rel