ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Immigration is a common phenomenon in the modern world, as people aim at the improvement of their economic wellbeing while expanding their possibilities for development. Nonetheless, the immigrant’s mobility is affected by various factors, which are vehemently correlated to socioeconomic statuses such as levels of the discrimination, socioeconomic status of the relatives, cultural assimilation rates, and immigration policies. It is apparent the all of these matters are critical for the immigrant’s stability in a new country, but the ranking of the difficulties has to be established. As for me, I believe that the level of discrimination and assimilation have a critical impact on the socioeconomic flexibility of the immigrants due to the ability of the society to create stereotypes while the financial stability of the previous generations and policies have less effect in the context of the presented case. In this instance, the primary goal of the paper is to determine the influence of the factors on the immigrant’s mobility while using the examples of Hispanic and Asian Americans. In the end, the conclusions are drawn to summarize the critical findings of the paper. Firstly, it is apparent that the discrimination is one of the factors, which has a high influence on the socioeconomic mobility due to its ability to define a person’s position in the society depending on his/her ethnicity. For instance, some subgroups of Hispanic immigrants experience difficulties while getting a job due to the increased level of discrimination and association with “blacks“ (Marger 221). In turn, it could be said that people tend to depict similar perceptions about the Asian-American and claim that they consider the marriage with an Asian person inappropriate while showing displeasure of the potential migration of this ethnic group to their neighborhood (Marger 271). Based on the information provided above, it is apparent that this factor defines the socioeconomic mobility, as the level of prejudice and stereotypes determine the capabilities of the immigrants while decreasing the possibility of their financial opportunities. In turn, the social phenomenon such as discrimination is highly correlated to the cultural assimilation, as the ability for integration defines the capability of the immigrant to become a regular member of the American society. Meanwhile, the underestimation of this matter can be regarded as the primary limitation of social mobility due
Introduction In today’s world, new technologies keep on coming up. The latest among these is DNA Diagnostics which has been very useful. For instance, in December 2009, a man who had been held for 18 years was set free based on DNA tests. DNA diagnostics has also been used in paternity and maternity tests and more recently in diagnosing genetic diseases that once proved to be fatal. The potential of this technology is simply amazing. This paper looks at some of the new DNA Diagnostic technologies and what impact they have had on individuals and society as a whole. Microarray Technology Microarray technology is one application of DNA Diagnostic Technology. It has enabled scientists to analyze many genes in a single experiment or reaction; a fete that was not possible using traditional methods. This has made it possible to understand the aspects concerning the development of human life as well as genetic causes of abnormalities that are seen in the human body. An array is made up of several DNA samples arranged in an orderly manner. This helps to identify the genes. Scientists conduct the tests by combining the molecule of an mRNA and the original DNA pattern, A sample contains thousands of spots known as probes. The probes are put on a solid support like a nylon membrane or glass slide for analysis. Analyzing a single DNA chip can give information on a lot of genes at the same time. (Mandana and Walker 2). Microarray technology has been instrumental in the early diagnosis of cancer among other diseases. Instead of focusing on the primary organs in which cancer develops, researchers can now be able to identify the exact type of cancer based on the changes taking place in the tumor cells concerning gene patterns. As a result, significant strides have been made in the treatment of cancer due to the development of drugs that deal with particular types of cancer. This renders them more effective (Schena 96). Microarray technology has also been useful in drug discovery and synthesis. Genes from a diseased cell and a normal cell can be analyzed and compared to identify the biochemical structure of the proteins produced by the diseased cell. This information can then be used to manufacture drugs that will combat these proteins and hence manage the disease (Mandana and Walker 4). Microarray technology is a valuable tool in the scientific study of toxins, their effects on body cells, and how they are passed on to the next generation. Using the results obtained from these studies, a relationship is established between the responses of the cells to toxicants and how the genetic patterns of these cells change. An antidote is then developed. This has led to better management of diseases in human beings, animals, and plants. (Recombinant DNA and Biotechnology”, par.2). Nanotechnology DNA Diagnostic Techniques have been used in the s
Arizona Department of Education has school report cards, which represents the state’s website comprehensive school reporting system. The individual report offers information about schools, the district or the charter and their performance. They also hold information about demographics and other criteria useful for ranking or evaluating the conditions and performances of schools individually or against each other. Overall information data There are 216 districts and 1,924 schools in the state. The number of students enrolled in the schools is 1,112,146, and there are 403 charter holders. Besides, Arizona has 525 charter schools and the total enrollment for charter schools is 157,438 (Arizona Department of Education, 2015). These data offer a glimpse of the size of the responsibility that the education department has and the number of direct stakeholders of the system. It also paints a picture of the common forms of education institutions in the state. Specific report cards are available by School, District of charter holder and they can be searched on the Arizona Department of Education website. Besides, it is possible to have report cards of the annual performance of the Department, with the latest report being the 2013-2014 State Report Cards (State of Arizona, 2014). Overall data is useful to provide a context for analyzing specific data about Arizona’s education. Performance and evaluation data Data is availed under three categories namely students, educators, and schools. Students’ data offers information about the population of students in Arizona and it captures all students in all schools. The data can be interpreted concerning the number of the beneficiary for state programs on education. Besides, when looking for the distribution of majority and minority groups in the state and their access to education, the student data will offer the demographic characteristics necessary. Primary demographics data Within the breakdown of data about students in schools, districts and charter holders, there is information about race/ethnicity. For example, latest data in this category shows that majority of the students are Hispanic/Latino or White. Demographic data in itself if descriptive and when applied to other data, it helps to contextualize findings and offer meaning so that the data is more useful in layman interpretation and policy formulation. Auxiliary demographics data There are also auxiliary demographic details such as the percentage of economically disadvantaged students, the percentage of students limited in English proficiency and the number of migrant students. An additional auxiliary demographic detail is the number of student with a disability. The use of the demograph
The classroom teacher is, by all means, the most significant figure in the context of knowledge and information perception. However, when cooperating with students, it is of paramount importance for the teacher to realize the scope of their intervention in the learning process. As far as math instruction is concerned, it should be outlined that the teacher serves both as a major provider of theoretical fundamentals and a moderator of the student’s knowledge application (Van de Walle et al., 2013). Hence, there is little doubt that classroom teachers should actively participate in all aspects of math instruction. However, it is the extent of intervention that makes a significant difference in the learning approaches. When speaking of math instruction, many educators falsely assume that the learning process is rather limited to the material introduced to the classroom. As a result, such an approach creates an impression of rigidness and lack of creativity in terms of students’ perception of math. For this reason, the teacher’s participation in the teaching aspects should have a facilitating nature, which gives the students the freedom of information processing. Such an effect may be achieved by introducing interactive classroom activities such as making snapdragons in order to respond to the questions (Hunter-Doniger, 2016). The element of play could even be directly integrated into the process of learning a new topic, giving learners the ability to define the math topic on their own (Stipek, 2017). Moreover, the educators can present an outdoor activity for the children to realize math is not limited to desks and copybooks with numbers written all over the page (Montalvo, 2017). Considering the aforementioned notions, it may be concluded that classroom teachers should definitely participate in all the aspects of math instruction while taking on the role of facilitator and leaving learners enough room for creativity. Teaching as a concept inevitably requires the skill of life-long learning and flexibility. One of the most efficient ways to expand the area of one’s competency is the experience exchange that allows educators to look at the learning process from an entirely different perspective. Moreover, working with a class presupposes a variety of challenges regarding teachers’ professional and cultural competence (Van de Walle et al., 2013). Hence, when it comes to the notion of collaboration between educators teaching the same grade level, the following benefits may be outlined:   * Co-planning enhancement. When sharing experiences, professionals have the opportunity to improve each other’s lesson plans with new approaches (Andrews-Larson et al., 2017). As a result, teachers expand their competence sphere with new observations of t
Many established companies will prefer to deal with competition presentedby business rivals whose operating strategies are familiar to them. However, this preference of fighting off competition from only established competitors, while ignoring the threat from low-cost, un-established competitors spells doom for such businesses. Businesses that use the low-cost business modelstake advantage of factors such as globalization, innovative technologies, convenient & strategic locations and deregulation, to offer their products at lower prices. Such entrants have altered the manner in which CEOs are running their businesses, as they try to counter fierce competition from their established counterparts. These factors fortunately have worked out well for them. Kumar suggests a number of strategies aimed at dealing with low-cost competitors. These includeproduct differentiation and adoption of low-cost strategies in their operations. Product differentiation is achieved through continuous innovative product designs, offering exclusive product mixes different from that of competitors and selling experiences. Kumar however warns that these strategies should not be applied in seclusion, butrather, integrated with others. Their success in countering competition lies in their ability to persuade customers to pay a premium for extra benefits offered from the use of their products. Such product differentiation strategies should ensure that there is a balance between costs and desired benefits for any business adopting them. Adopting a dual strategy in dealing with low-cost competitors is a verychallenging option and few business organizations succeed. Such strategy should be adopted whereit promises desired synergy as a result of adopting it. It also requires businesses to adopt unique brand names that are appealing to their target customers and are able to raise their expectations on the low cost model. Kumar identifies the reasons as to why a dual strategy may not succeed. They include; common ownership of a low cost business unit.This imposes cost constraints on the low-cost business unit. There is also the challenge of resource allocation between the parent company and its subsidiary. A dual strategy should not be defensive to low-cost competitors’ strategies, but rather offensive to increase revenues and/or lower costs. Another strategy that organizations can adopt is to se
Introduction The debate about experimentation on animals, though well documented in literature, is still endeavoring to free itself from past controversies and current challenges. This particular debate have attracted many advocates and critics, each advancing valid reasons as to whether it is morally, scientifically and logically right to subject animals to experimentation (Horner & Minifie 304). Experimentation on animals has indeed been very beneficial in medical fields. However, it has been observed that animals suffer a great deal in the course of these experiments. It is against this background that this essay aims to expand on the debate about experimentation on animals with an aim to come up with a well-reasoned framework that could be used to offer direction on the appropriateness or inappropriateness of these experiments in modern times. Presenting the Case One of the reasons used by those who advocate for the use of animals in experiments is that these experiments progress important scientific knowledge that will in the long-term benefit humans as well as animals (Horner & Minifie 316). Indeed, supporters have for a very long time recognized the intrinsic value of conducting medical research with animals, especially in finding solutions to medical conditions that continue to affect mankind. From a moral standpoint, advocates of using animals for biomedical research suggests that it is indeed morally wrong to permit people and animals to succumb to various forms of injuries and ailments when remedies and cures can be easily discovered through animal research (ILAR 1; Horner & Minifie 317). However, critics of experimenting with animals argue that animals are subjected to a lot of pain and suffering in the course of coming up with scientific breakthroughs which in the long run may prove futile. In this perspective, the critics argue that it is morally and spiritually wrong to cause pain and suffering for the benefit of mankind (Festing 569). In addition, the critics argue that universally acceptable benchmarks to adequately measure and control pain while subjecting animals to scientific experiments are non-existent. Another reason espoused by supporters of experimenting with animals is that humans are susceptible to many of the same disease-causing organisms that affect animals. Current literature indeed demonstrates that “…humans have 65 infectious diseases in common with dogs, 50 with cattle, 46 with sheep and goats, 42 with pigs, 35 with horses, and 26 with fowl” (ILAR 4). In addition, some communicable diseases such as rabies and malaria can be transmitted between animals and humans, not mentioning that other diseases such as hemophilia, diabetes, and epilepsy are common in both humans and animals. Animals are also vulnerable to a multiplicity of the same bacterial or viral infections as humans, such as anthrax and smallpox (ILAR 6). Indeed, current literature reveals that some of the “…medical advances that have been dependent on the use
Scenario Innovation is essential to the delivery of high-quality, professional, and adequate medical services. With the rise of opportunities for improving care due to more accurate medical equipment, as well as the devices that have opened new possibilities for addressing patients’ needs, the demand for innovative medical equipment has risen exponentially (Di Sivo & Balducci, 2019). Therefore, “HealthTech Solutions,” the target organization, which specializes in the production of virtual reality (VR) devices for medical purposes, as well as for patients’ use, will benefit from the performance measurement strategies that will allow it to thrive in the current medical device production market. The company in question produces VR tools that allow healthcare experts to train for performing invasive treatments and surgeries that require high precision. VR and augmented reality (AR) tools created by “HealthTech Solutions” will also assist outpatients in developing personal care skills that will allow them to train the skills needed to maintain proper health levels at home. Therefore, hospitals, pharmacies, and retail companies such as Walmart are the target customers of “HealthTech Solutions.” Summary During invasive operations such as surgeries, communication is crucial, yet it may be hampered by a range of multiple obstacles, space being the most common one. For instance, the support of a coaching surgeon may be unavailable to the healthcare experts performing the invasive treatment, which is why real-time telecommunication is critical for the accurate implementation of a surgery. Moreover, the use of VR and AR tools as the methods of guiding patients through the process of learning to use specific health maintenance devices and educating them about the methods of keeping their health levels consistent is also worth mentioning as an important opportunity. Therefore, the innovations linked to VR and AR have gained a high degree of importance in the healthcare field. Implementing the innovations that have allowed creating VR and AR tools and equipment has been the groundbreaking change that has opened the doors to multiple opportunities for “HealthTech Solutions” in the global healthcare market. The company will target Description The potential benefits of the innovation in question are immense. The use of VR and AR as the means of enhancing communication in the healthcare environment and encouraging better patient education with the help of a more consistent contact between a patient and the healthcare staff will cause the level of threat that outpatients experience to reduce significantly. Moreover, the quality of invasive treatment and surgeries will rise due to the improved chances for online coaching for surgeons (Frajhof, Borges, Hoffmann, Lopes, & Haddad, 2018). The chance to receive concise and accurate instruc
Introduction Child abuse can be defined as actions that cause sexual, emotional or physical harm to children. It also means an action carried out against a child or failure to do something for the child that the parent is expected to do. Most child abusive actions take place at home or in their place of residence. Some of the child abusive acts also take place in schools. Mostly, child abuse perpetrators are people who are close to children such as parents and caregivers. This paper looks at the various types of child abuse evident in the society and specifically the effects of emotional abuse on children. In this case, it expounds on the long-term and short term effects. It also gives advice to parents who have problems communicating with their children. (Chalk, pg 19) Types of child abuse Physical abuse This is one of the most common abuses inflicted upon children. It is usually characterised by inflicting physical pain or aggression on children. Physical entails actions such as hair pulling, pushing, biting, pinching and slapping. It also includes beating, burning, choking, shaking and hitting. In most cases, caregivers or parents never intend to abuse children but to correct and punish the child. Various factors such as parents’ social isolation, alcoholism, parental immaturity and domestic violence contribute to physical abuse. Physical abuse can lead to fatalities or physical harm. (Michelle, pg 112) Sexual abuse Sexual abuse may include rape, acts of sodomy or incest. There are also other forms of sexual abuse such as child pornography, spying on children when they are in the washroom etc. Other forms of sexual abuse include fondling or forcing the child to fondle an adult’s private parts. This also includes exposing a child to sexual acts, real or pictures. Sexual abuse can also include using sexually explicit language towards children. Perpetrators of sexual abuse may be strangers, teaches, fathers, clergies, neighbors, foster parents or even professionals. Children who are sexually abused show signs of fear, over-compliance and seductiveness among other signs. Sexual abuse has adverse effects on children including confusion, anxiety, low self esteem, abusive behaviour towards others and mistrust. It also leads to guilt and in the long-term affected children may not be able to have healthy intimate relationships in their adulthood. (Epstein, pg 273) Neglect This is where a parent or guardian fails to give due care to a child. In this case, the guardian or parent is usually in a position to give the expected care. There are different kinds of neglect in the society today. They include medical, emotional, educational and physical neglect. Physical neglect is usually characterized by parents’ failure to give adequate shelter, food and c
John G. Roberts, Chief Justice of the United States, was born in Buffalo, New York, on January 27, 1955 (“Current members,” n.d.). He later graduated from the Harvard Collage with the dream to become a history professor; however, he managed to build a more successful career. He enrolled in Harvard Law and worked for Supreme Court Justice William Rehnquist in 1980 (“John G. Roberts, Jr,” n.d.). It provided him with the experience and credentials needed to succeed in the given field, and he was appointed Principal Deputy Solicitor General by George Bush. Later, the President also offered Roberts as a judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals, and the Senate confirmed his nomination (“John G. Roberts, Jr,” n.d.). Being a representative of the Republican party, Roberts can be viewed as one of the supporters of its views in the court. His functioning as a Chief Justice can be considered a way to generate an advantage by the party. One of the famous cases presupposing the involvement of the given judge is Obergefell v. Hodges . It included the same-sex and debates whether it can be viewed as a constitutional right. The importance of the given case is evidenced by the fact that the Supreme Court ruled that the constitutional and fundamental right to marry should be guaranteed to all same-sex couples, and all states should recognize such marriages (“John G. Roberts, Jr,” n.d.). Roberts played a fundamental role in discussing the case and defended his position that contradicted the ideas of his actual political party. He was sure that the function of the court was to interpret existing laws but not create them, which significantly impacted the final solution of the Supreme Court (“John G. Roberts, Jr,” n.d.). The case provided equal rights to all individuals regardless of their gender in the USA.