ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction There are so many ways of defining what plagiarism means. The commonly accepted definition of plagiarism is the act of using someone else’s words in order to convey a meaning without crediting the person who originally said it. However, there are also a number of other definitions for plagiarism and this paper aims to present those other definitions as well as explain why such practices should not be accepted by the academe. Main text Self plagiarism is something that is fast becoming a common practice for students these days. It is like that grade school volcano project that you used every single year only now, the students do it with their research work for say, a science experiment in physics that was originally used in chemistry. All he does is he changes the look and presentation but nothing else. This is still plagiarism because he had previously used the exact same work without telling his new teacher about it. Hence, self plagiarism. Now using the same paper but adding information to it and revising the content of the paper would not be considered self plagiarism because the paper will change in content in focus. Buying term papers off the internet is also considered to be an act of plagiarism because you would still be using someone else’s words when you submit that paper to your teacher. It is just like listening to a story and then having it told all over again. Telling the person listening to you who the source of the story is an act of properly giving credit where it is due. Just remember, if someone else said it, did it, wrote it, or even thought about it, you have to say so in the paper you are writing because the essence of what you are saying was still said by somebody else. Failure to do so is plagiarism. So now that we know why plagiarizing is bad, I need to tell you why we should never commit plagiarism either. I believe that anybody who is really taking the time to study and understand his lessons will be able to write a totally original paper filled with his own understanding of the subject matter. Any quotes that are used within the page should be properly cited in order to let the person reading the paper that actual research was done in order to complete the work, aside from providing extra information for the reader. By plagiarizing a paper, the student is practically announcing to the world that he is too lazy to study and would rather not put any effort into his grades. The temptation to plagiarize is strong specially for the hard to research and write topics. It seems easier to simply paraphrase and get things over with. However, that puts your knowledge of the subject matter into question because once you are asked to explain what it is you mean, you will get caught with a plagiarized paper. Most importantly, the penalty for plagiarism on any educational level is too severe. Various colleges have different rules regarding how to deal with a plagiarizing student but the final punishment is always the same. These punishments range from suspension to expulsion, Neither of which would look good on a future resume or student application for higher studies. So do the
Cheryl Hailstorm is a dynamic and energetic leader at Lakeland Wonders, a manufacturer of high-quality wooden ties and a legacy going back many decades. The vibrant CEO of the company has brought in many new strategies to the forefront that have been able to help the company improve its status in the market considerably. Her go-getter and aggressive style of management that strives to get out results at a fast pace can be said to have injected a growth potential within the firm. The problem at the center of the events occurring at the company and some areas of conflict among the top management revolve around the speed of the change that Cheryl wants to bring to the organization. Lakeland Wonders has been working for a considerable amount of time with its own culture. Most of its decisions makers and top-level management have been at the company for a long time and know its workings thoroughly. This has led to the creation of a specific culture at Lakeland Wonders. Things are done in the way they have been done for a long time and acceptance to change is slow. The thinking of the senior management is represented by the attitude of the senior vice president of operations Mark Dawson. He is a veteran in the company and knows all its ups and downs. When Cheryl pushed for the expansion of the company overseas into China and other cheaper areas where they could get lower costs, Mark had considerable doubts about the company’s capability to do so. He was concerned about the worst-case scenarios and the potential problems the company would have to face with the expansion of production facilities overseas at this juncture. He was wary about the firm’s union problems and others accompanying it. This typified the top-level management’s attitude towards decision-making that considered all the negative aspects and potential problems and put the potential gains to be had second. Even though Cheryl’s plans had appeared to work before, Mark was unwilling to go ahead wholeheartedly with the aggressive expansion and wanted to take things slowly and wait for calmer waters before giving his assent to such a big decision. This is not a completely new concept. Resistance to rapid change in an organization can exist at multiple levels as theoretical literature points out. The signs of resistance to change and the underlying reasons need to be separated. Employees can manifest active resistance to change by searching for drawbacks to proposed plans or through manipulation. Mark illustrates this to some extent as he is very open about the potential drawbacks o
Abstract An argument is to explain something one believes is true. Each argument has a special construction, which may be to the semantic side or to the syntactic side. The syntax is the way in which a statement is organized or arranged. Verbs play an important role in sentence meaning as they represent the action or movement. Thordardottir and Weismer, 2002, investigated verb argument structure weakness in school-age children with specific language impairment as related to age and utterance length. This work aims at giving a brief account of arguments and argument structure a critical review of the article of Thordardottir and Weismer, 2002 will follow. One of the main reasons for giving a speech or writing an article or thesis is to explain something one believes is true. In this sense, the argument is different from storytelling and is different from an everyday conversation where we make emphatic statements (as I am allergic to eggs). Emphatic statements (assertions) are based on implicit argument, as colleagues, friends, or members of the family assume, there are reasons for the conclusion. Assertions can also be conclusions of preferences (as I do not like eating eggs) (Pylkkanen, L, 2002). In this work, a brief account of argument structure will precede a review of the article Verb argument structure weakness in specific language impairment in relation to age and utterance length by Thordardottir and Weismer, 2002. Argument structure Arguments have a special construction, the simplest is composed of three parts namely; a premise, inference, and conclusion. The premise of an argument is a statement, assumed true, which one puts forward (as it is a sunny day). As not everybody may approve it makes a premise prone to challenge. There may be one or more premises in a communication. The second part is the conclusion, which is the statement one wants others to agree with. What is between premises and conclusion is inference, which are statements that take the audience or readers from premises to conclusion. Here is where logic processes work to relate the main statement with substatements (Goldberg, 2002). Argument structure has two sides; one is about the meaning or difference between meanings of words or symbols (semantic side). The other side is about the rule or patterns of the ordering and of the relationships between the words (verbs, nouns, adjectives) and other elements that construct a phrase or a sentence ( as hyphenation mark
The videos I watched on the 5th of October were three musical interpretations of the famous Erlkönig poem, written by Goethe as a part of his opera Die Fischerin. Erlkönig is usually understood as one of the most famous and influential Goethe ballads, which was laid on music by different composers, the most famous of whom was Schubert. It portrays a supernatural creature, the Erlkönig (the Elf-king), a ruler of the fairies, attacking a child and killing him. The first video was performed by Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau and accompanied by the piano. The immense range of his voice allowed him to perform almost any program, perform in almost any opera part intended for a baritone. He performed works by such different composers as Bach, Gluck, Schubert, Berg, Wolf, Schoenberg, Britten, Henze. Gerald Moore was a legendary accompanist, collaborating with various stars of his time, including Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau. The second one was performed by Jessye Norman, and Phillip Moll was accompanying her on the piano. Jesse Norman was an American singer who was considered a phenomenal musical phenomenon, the soprano of the century, and a living legend of the modern opera scene. Phillip Moll is a well-known American musician who serves as the ensemble’s concertmaster and pianist and has cooperated with various musicians, including Jessye. The third one, the most modern interpretation of the Erlkönig was performed by Philippe Sly and Maria Fuller (piano). Philip Sly is a modern French-Canadian bass-baritone known for his deep and booming voice and his charismatic stage presence. Maria Fuller is a prominent conductor, pianist, and trumpet player who has performed worldwide. She is also a renowned composer and arranger. The first video, the performance of Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau and Gerald Moore, took place in some kind of an old school concert hall, which looks more like one of the mansion’s rooms. Jessye Normans’ performance was recorded during the exhibition, where Peter Kogler, an artist from Austria, best known for his psychedelic installations
Apart from collecting donations from well-wishers and churches to feed, cloth and provide shelter for thousands of the poor people, the Union Gospel Mission of Vancouver’s program can be redesigned in such a way that it can sustain itself for a long time without relying on regular donations. To begin with, a revolving fund can be set up for the program. This fund should comprise of a large pool of donation that earns interest in a financial institution. After that, the interest value earned should be set aside for expenses. Alternatively, investment projects can be set up with the same revolving fund so that proceeds can be used to provide shelter and other basic needs to poor families. Second, it is crucial to mention that the number of poor people is continually growing. As much as the Union Gospel Mission might be willing to support the initiative, it may reach at a time when the burden can be overwhelming. Hence, it is highly advisable to establish self-help groups within the selected poor households. These groups can be formulated in the same way as community-based organizations that seek to improve the quality of life for members. Through the self-help groups, small investment projects can be set up to generate income for members. Since the concept of self-help groups relies on pooling meager resources together, it will be one way of ensuring that the Union’s mission remains sustainable both now and in the future. The feeding program must be a major undertaking for Vancouver’s Union Gospel Mission. Serving over 260,000 meals per year cannot be an easy task for a program that fully relies on donations and input from volunteers. To improve and effectively manage the feeding program, the Union can reduce its budget by initiating agricultural projects. Most of the foodstuffs consumed by the poor families originate directly from farms. Foodstuffs from farms can significantly minimize monetary demands of the feeding program. Hence, the saved funds can be redirected to other projects within the program. In regards to the challenge of homelessness, it is vital to emphasize that a permanent solution is highly welcomed. Although the Union might secure temporary homes (through rents and leases) to the poor people, a long term home development plan can be put in place. In other words, permanent homes can be constructed for the poor people with the assistance of the corporate world. Through the social-corporate responsibility initiatives that are common with business organizations and government agencies, the management at Vancouver’s Union Gospel Mission can present a formal request for support (both financially and in kind). The feeding and housing program is a noble duty being performed by the Union. Therefore, adequate support from other organizations can be sought with the aim of boosting the program. Finally, there is a direct correlation between the growing instances of addiction and poverty. Most poor households are vulnerable to both substance and drug addiction. The program can be redesigne
Introduction The European empires had common characteristics that marked colonial relationships including the importance of trade and extraction of wealth by the colonizers. The Great Britain or the British Empire conquered vast lands in Southeast Asia and the Pacific including India after which it turned to Africa beginning with Egypt, Southern Africa, and Eastern Africa. This great accomplishment meant the colonies were forced or encouraged to venture into tradable goods thus it resulted to trade for the colony and forced labor. This marked the beginning of colonization of and these countries were placed under British rule and were not allowed to choose their own political leadership. Colonization brought many good things to the colonies including education and other forms of civilization. However, the resulting social injustices, discrimination, and forced labor with low pay led to formation of liberation movements thus revolution by the colonies thus the beginning of decolonization in the period after the Second World War (Smith 92). The pressure of liberation movements and other factors led to the British Empire’s decolonization of its former colonies. Given that, the British Empire was one of the most successful in capturing colonies around the globe, various historical landmarks that were beyond the Empire’s ability to contain marked decolonization. Nevertheless, the question remains; what caused decolonization and what were the effects of the same? Well, as exposited in this paper, the Se
The works of the modern Chinese authors represent the integral part of the world literature heritage. In contrast to the past times, the modern authors tend to feel themselves free to express their thoughts. At the same time, the publication of many of their novels reflects their bold action taking into account the political conditions in the modern China. In this respect, the literary works by Mo Yan and Yu Hua deserve a special attention. The aim of this paper is to analyze the major themes and the historic background of the novels Big Breast and Wide Hips by Mo Yan and To Live by Yu Hua. Big Breast and Wide Hips is the novel by the outstanding Chinese author Mo Yan. The work is about the family relationships in China. The author gives us a broad picture of the Chinese history of the XX century by describing the major social and cultural events occurred in China up to the 1980s. Big Breast and Wide Hips is not just a family saga. It is the narration about the Chinese history. All the characters of Yan’s work are rather symbolic. At the same time, the novel is written in the genre of naturalism and, thus, is aimed at representing the reality as it factually is without any exaggerations and embellishments. This style in literature appeared in the XVIII century in Europe. “And for all its commitment to consolidating the indigenous imaginary, a national literature cannot distinguish itself till it has enacted a dialogue with the literature of other nations and traditions” (Hsia 24). It can be said that the novel by Mo Yan provides a link between the Eastern and Western literatures by reflecting the European literary traditions in the context of the Chinese culture and history. In this respect, the novel by Mo Yan is interesting as it represents the naturalism movement in the Chinese literature. At the same time, the scholars argue that “the traditional critical practice of seeking the linkage between literature and history has been reinvigorated in recent years under the slogan “always historicize”” (Hsia 28). In the novel Big Breast and Wide Hips , Mo Yan aimed at presenting the true picture of the Chinese history of the XX century by the example of the one single family. The naturalistic approach of the author is represented in his detailed and unbiased reflection of the reality. Taking into account that the naturalism was introduced in contrast to any ideology, the publication of the novel Big Breast and Wide Hips in the communist China was the bold action of its author. The literary approach of the author can be referred to the Objectification of the Subject, which reflects the idea that the human nature expresses itself in the surrounding world. This view represented a fundamental change in the literature and art symbolizing the transit from
“Memoirs of Geisha” is a famous novel which, because of its uniqueness and creatively presented wordings in the book, was made into a movie. As the book has garnered several good reviews from its readers, it is just predictable that thousands of moviegoers would flock into the movie houses and would be fascinated by the movie. And yes, there were thousands of viewers who flocked and watched the movie, but not all of them were satisfied with what they watched. It has then become apparent that the novel “Memoirs of Geisha” was downgraded and was not accurately represented when it was made into a movie. When it comes to production and costume design “Memoirs of a Geisha” is one of the most beautiful-looking films in this modern age and time. Every scene seemed to be well-researched and carefully planned. However, many considered this movie as one of the most frivolous as well. The filmmakers have taken the source material — Arthur Golden’s best-selling novel — and turned it into a glossy Hollywood production with the overripe melodrama one would expect from a television soap opera, not a supposed epic drama. First, it should be noted that the movie itself – Memoirs of Geisha – presented a different set of difficulties, in that Golden’s exhaustively researched novel is built on exposing a long-held secret, unscrambling the carefully constructed mythology of geisha. Westerners have long been thinking and mistakenly correlating that the rituals of geisha are an elaborately refined variation of prostitution wherein women were painstakingly schooled in the art of providing artistic comfort to men who could afford the undivided attention. Such a line of thinking has also become the source of fantasies and fascination for centuries. So it is very disappointing and quite unexpected that Marshall has followed in the glass-slipper footsteps of the unrelated Garry Marshall, turning “Memoirs” into a “Cinderella”- inspired variation on “Pretty Woman.” The story begins in the late 1920s, when a widowed Japanese peasant shows up at an okiya, a combination preschool, and residence where geishas are trained, with his two daughters. The younger of them, 9-year-old Chiyo (Suzuka Ohio), is deemed by the owner, called Mother (Kaori Momoi), to have potential. Her older sister has whisked away to a house of far-less repute. The frightened Chiyo rooms with another girl called Pumpkin and are treated as a slave. Chiyo comes to understand and accept that if she does as ordered, she could someday have the status that the beautiful if disagreeable Hatsumomo (Li Gong) enjoys in the household. Despite several attempts to run away and getting on the bad side of Hatsumomo, Chiyo recognizes the advantages of becoming a geisha. She’s encouraged by a kindly, refined stranger (Ken Watanabe) and the geishas who accompany him to the theater on a beautiful spring day. Her potential is recognized by Mameha (Michelle Yeoh), who rivals Hatsumomo as the most desirable geisha in 1930s Tokyo and who becomes Chiyo’s mentor and protector. Chiyo, played as a teen and a
Training is the learning process, which leads to a skilled behavior. The people, who understand the need for training, know its importance. This is not a belief, an opinion or a preference; rather, it is a fact. Most people understand the importance of training because, at one time or another, a person may be valuably trained in something. Although most people understand the importance of training, this importance has not been fully exploited to make life easier (Dugan125). Training is viewed as something that supports the work force. In the modern world and that of future, the perception that training exist as a support system is dangerously outdated. This view implies that training is important, but not necessary. Training is viewed as been ultimately optional, because of this perception. Training is no longer optional, so, this perception is outdated. In the 21st century, it is necessary for a company to train its employees for its ability to survive (Dugan127). Today, the entire workforce has become a skilled landscape, and this calls the need for continuous training in all positions. In case of a gap in the skilled workforce, due to lack of training, work becomes inefficient, and money is lost. The cost of ineffective training gaps goes beyond lost sales (Dugan130). It leads to missed profits, rework, lost market share and misallocated resources. Different workers require different training. For instance, sales team requires different training from customer service people. Successful training reflects the needs of a certain group and activity within a company (Dugan132). Most companies prefer the new customized skilled workforce training. This is because customized training can be measured more practically than generic company-wide training. Finally, the perception that training is necessary is sourced from the most dynamic labor market concept: skilled work force. Works Cited Dugan, Laird. Approaches to training and development. Chicago: Basic Books, 2005. Print.