ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Response to Case Presentation Firstly, it is necessary to monitor PT’s reaction to medication due to the aggressive pharmacological intervention. According to Lao, He, Wong, Besag, Chan (2016), cariprazine, which is the primary component of Vraylar has undergone a small number of clinical trials, which implies that PT should be monitored closely throughout his treatment. The author’s assessment provides an understanding of possible extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), which are typically short-term and present no danger to an individual. Additionally, Lao et al. (2016) found that body mass may increase while using Vraylar; however, the drug presents no danger for the cardiovascular system. It is necessary to ensure that these drugs provide essential help for dealing with anxiety and bipolar, or change the medication. Because PT complained of having depression and suicidal thoughts in the past, it is also crucial to ensure that this patient can deal with his anxiety through medication and therapy. By assessing his mental state and response to drugs periodically, one would be able to ensure PT’s safety. The case of PT is interesting because this patient requires aggressive pharmacological treatment because previous attempts to medicate him were ineffective. Thus, it is critical to evaluate the risks and compare them with the outcomes of the decision to adhere to the previous intervention plan. Firstly, PT did not respond to the prescribed dosage of Vraylar displaying irritability and bipolar disorder symptoms. He has a prior history of aggression and suicidal attempts, which present danger for both this patient and others. Moreover, Bobo (2017) states that the condition is life-threatening, displaying an understanding that treatment through various approaches is necessary. Based on this assessment it can be concluded that the decision to increase dosing and add additional medication corresponds with the potential dangers of adhering to the previous treatment plan.
History, Development and Growth David Margolese, born in Canada, is the pioneer of satellite radio enterprises (Jones and Hill, 2010). At the age of around twenty years, Margolese discontinued his studies and started a paging company. David would later turn his concentration to cellular phone enterprise but failed to obtain funding from venture capitalists who failed to see any chance of growth in the cellular phone business (Jones and Hill, 2010). According to them, the cellular phones would remain a preserve of the rich, especially the Chief Executive Officers of large corporations and ambassadors. Margolese fought on until 1980 when his efforts bore fruits. He brought in Ameritech who agreed to invest funds in Cantel, a company owned by Margolese. Later on, he joined hands with among others, Ted Rodgers of Rodgers Communications to start Rogers Wireless, the biggest telephony firm by 2001 in Canada. Margolese became a venture capitalist at the age of 31 when he traded his interest for $2 billion (Jones and Hill, 2010). As a venture capitalist, Margolese met Robert Briskman, a former technician with NASA and the chief of operations at a fallen satellite-messaging firm called Geostar. Briskman and some of his former workmates at Geostar had started a company, Satellite Radio CD, but were short of funds required to commercialize the invention (Jones and Hill, 2010). Initially, Margolese invested a paltry one million US dollars before making up his mind that his future lay in the satellite radio enterprise. He changed its name to CD Radio. As much as he liked the idea of satellite radio, he had to overcome several hardships. It would be costly to set up a profitable radio enterprise, the Federal Communications Commission had to be persuaded to grant airwaves to satellite radio and it would be costly to purchase special receivers and the difficulty of converting potential clients to buy satellite radios yet they has the terrestrial radios. Advertising would be costly and risky too (Jones and Hill, 2010). As earlier envisaged, it took long for the Federal Communications Commission to accede to CD Radio’s request. The delay resulted from the opposition from National Association of Broadcasters (NAB), which viewed satellite radio as a potential killer to local radio services. Overall, Federal Communications Commission agreed to auc
The Neo-Vygotskian approach to child development is positive stratagems of education, which are resource-oriented and presents the society with the view of the child as an empowered individual with a will, apparent ability, and unique skills, as opposed to the traditional implication of weaknesses or deviations associable to early childhood development (Karpov, 2005). According to Karpov (2005), the theory emphasizes on the development of knowledge that occurs socially during communication. Knowledge is what people possess by working together because as people communicate, they are constructing a reality over claims, which is the required or anticipated acquaintance. The Neo-Vygotskian approach over development indicates that children are not in a position to build high mental functions independently; therefore, adults mediate the functions to them during interactive social activities. 1. What are the determinants of the development of toddlers’ ability to perform at the symbolic level? In the development of children, the adult needs to develop a learning environment with tasks, context, and identifiers. Symbolic level means that the child develops habits that relate to objects. A good example is a reaction by repeating an action to achieve pleasurable results (Flick, 2006). The key determinants of development at this developmental stage are the coordination between apprehension, vision, and coordination. The toddler can respond with amusement to the interaction with friends and family members. There is a distinction between means and ends. 2. What are the major accomplishments that accompany the successful formation of leading activity in toddlerhood? Neo-Vygotskian approach observes social situations over development. This has currently changed terms to “leading activity,” which plays a major role during toddlerhood as an essential aspect for successfully forming leading activity (Karpov, 2005). During this age, there are distinct but interconnected types of regular plays such as the social-dramatic plays by the leader, a play based on the social setting, play at the quantitative level of development as well as the rule-based play. All the types of plays provide a social transformation of the child for actual fundamental development. These social aspects of development mean a continual change over the toddlers’ activities. During the stage
The Earth is the largest of the four terrestrial planets, orbiting the Sun and possessing the only satellite, the Moon. Unlike other worlds, liquid water may be found on Earth, giving life to everything on it. The Earth’s core has two layers, the inner core and the outer one. The inner core consists of heavy elements like nickel and iron, which sank to the planet’s center during its formation. The pressure is extremely high, allowing iron to say solid. The outer core consists of the same elements found in a liquid state, constantly flowing because the pressure is lower. The mantle is located above the core. Its consistency changes from solid to liquid throughout geologic periods. Above the veil, there is a layer of rock called the crust. It is divided into two types: Oceanic and continental crusts. They are broken into massive moving plates. The movement happens because the core heats the mantle, causing convection and pressuring the rocks above. The flow pushes the plates, sliding them apart or together, changing the surface geography. Volcanoes are formed when magma makes its way through some weaker parts of the crust, erupting on the surface. They, in turn, may create new islands or materials. The produced gas during an eruption adds to the atmosphere. The heat in the core is leftover from the formation, caused by the collision of rocks and space junk. After the growth, the Earth began to contract under its gravity, adding more heat. Another reason is the decay of radioactive elements like uranium. The outer core conducts electricity, generates a magnetic field with the help of the planet’s rotation, and creates north and south poles. The geomagnetic field surrounds the Earth, deflecting charged particles from the solar wind or channeling some of them down in the atmosphere, energizing air molecules and creating the aurora effect. Most of the surface is covered with water which flows down the continental crust into large basins, left from the formation or asteroid impacts. The atmosphere above the surface is a gas layer consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, argon, and trace gases. The lowest part, which is the warmest one, holds off water vapor, creating convection. It also results in winds and air currents forming the weather. The carbon dioxide layer traps infrared light, creating a greenhouse effect and not letting the planet cool as efficiently.
The paradigm of the US health care system, while having no centralized organization pattern, varies greatly in terms of approaches to financing, management, and delivery of health care across the state. Thus, when talking of the delivery system, it is vital to define that there are two major system participants: governmental and private sectors. The former dwells on the federal and social laws and regulations that control the generally accepted principles of health care access and organization. The private sector, in its turn, places major emphasis on the notions of financing and delivery of health care. If previously, the very aspect of delivery has been previously specified by the high inpatient to outpatient treatment ratio, the modern technology-based delivery approach outlines outpatient treatment as a system’s priority. This shift was predetermined by the introduction of hospitalists or physicians who specifically treat patients when they are hospitalized. When speaking of the financing aspect of US health care, it should be outlined that there is no unified system of providing financial aid to the national health care. According to the most relevant indicators, the financing may be divided into three major types: individuals who pay for their health expenses, governmental grants and insurance systems for elderly people or military, and private insurance programs (National Health Institute [HIN], 2017). Such a system is not effective due to a lack of centralized financial apparatus and the creation of a severe gap in terms of various social layers’ access to health care. Another important aspect of US health care is the notion of management, as it
Introduction The presented YouTube Video shows conclusively that Case Management (CM) is a powerful philosophy that benefits many people in the healthcare setting (Phillips, Han, Petterson, Makaroff, & Liaw, 2014). The ultimate goal of CM is “to ensure the targeted patient reaches the option level of functional capability and wellness” (Mullahy, 2014, p. 18). That being the case, CM should be implemented as a collaborative process aimed at planning and evaluating the available services to address the health needs of more patients. This goal can be achieved through provision of resources and positive communication. This discussion addresses the major issues associated with the CM philosophy. Case Management: Reducing Costs or Improving Quality of Care? Many health institutions have implemented a wide range of quality assurance (QA) programs in order to support the diverse needs of their patients. Case Management happens to be one of these QA programs. This fact explains clearly that CM plays a critical role towards improving the quality of care available to different patients. This concept is implemented to achieve client autonomy and wellness (Phillips et al., 2014). This goal can only be realized through effective communication, provision of resources, education, and advocacy. Healthcare institutions create the position of a case manager in order to support the diverse needs of the targeted patients. The role of the case manager is to liaise with different workers and facilities throughout the healthcare delivery process. This process is executed throughout the care process (Moreo, Moreo, Urbano, Weeks, & Greene, 2014). The manager goes further to identify and avail the best resources in order to treat more patients. This practice is used to ensure the resources are utilized in a cost-effective and timely manner. Direct communication between the client and case manager is encouraged to maximize health results. The process of CM is undertaken using six steps. These steps are considered in order to ensure every admitted patient benefits from the services available at the health institution. After admission, appropriate measures are considered in an attempt to deliver quality services. Case managers identify the existing gaps in service delivery and pro
Coca-Cola is a multinational corporation that is considered to be one of the most profitable businesses in the entire world. As people live in a consumerist society and the age of globalization, various companies try to expand their marketing strategies in the territories of the world’s largest states to attract new clients. At the end of the twentieth century, the Coca-Cola transnational corporation was established in India and faced a plethora of issues regarding the local organizational and cultural standards. What Aspects of U.S. Culture and of Indian Culture May Have Been Causes of Coke’s difficulties in India? The first difficulty that the representatives of the Coca-Cola Company happened to face due to their campaign in the territory of India was caused by the concerns of the local government. The politicians from the Indian Ministry of Health requested the corporation’s managers and employees to disclose their products’ formulae and secret technologies that were used in the manufacturing process (Berglund and Helander 296). It would be proper to mention that the government of India did not welcome other businesses at that moment. However, the local politicians managed to detect that the soft drinks produced by Coca-Cola contained a tremendous amount of chemicals and pesticides. Therefore, the Minister of Health did want to allow the corporation’s expansion in the territory of India (Henrik 339). Moreover, different restrictions and fees were imposed on the Coca-Cola Company when regular citizens of the country faced the problem of water pollution caused by the factory’s manufacturing processes. How Might Coca-Cola Have Responded Differently When This Situation First Occurred, Especially in Terms of Responding to Negative Perceptions Among Indians of Coke and other MNC? The representatives of Coca-Cola in India should have considered responding to the requirements of the local government and residents quicker than they did in reality. It would be proper to ensure safety to the local c
Brief description of the company The second-largest car manufacture Ford Motor started its journey with only one car but in 2000, it manufactured more than 7.20 million vehicles worldwide with lots of successful brands especially Ford, Lincoln, Mercury, and Volvo (Ford Motor, 2000). According to the annual report, the US multinational company Ford has more than 164,000 employees and about 70 plants in the world, and in 2010, the net profit of this company was $6.6 billion, which is the maximum net profit in more than 10 years (Ford Motor, 2010, p.3-5). The entire market share of Ford Motor in the world’s automotive sector is not available in the secondary sources but the annual report provides market share for a different region. Figure 1: Market share of Ford in a different zone. Source: Ford Motor (2010, p.35). The sustainability report of Ford is concentrated on creating a strong business by manufacturing products with outstanding features, so, it has already introduced few models like with alternative fuels and eco-friendly technologies that can run by using alternative fuels, for instance, bio-diesel and ethanol blends (Ford Motor, 2010, p.22). However, Ford Motor (2008, p.6) reported that this company will contribute to building a better world by implementing its near term, midterm, and long term project those specially designed to reduce CO 2 emissions, for example, near term goal of Ford is to introduce more hybrid and diesel vehicles and to save fuel by 10% to 20%. The author Seth Leitman stated that Ford has reduced its global water consumption by 16.6% each year by implementing its projects, which also help to decrease water costs (Leitman, 2010). Figure 2: key sustainable features of Ford. Source: Ford Motor (2008, p.6). Paradigm Shift and Techno Centric Deutsche Bank (2008) reported that the consumer behavior has changed from 2005 while they purchased crossover vehicles and cars of different companies instead of traditional Trucks, and it has a great influence on the US Automobiles and Ford experienced sales reduction by $2.20 billion from Sport Utility Vehicles due to this paradigm shift. Professor of North Carolina State University Elizabethan O’Sullivan (1985) stated that managing information is a challenge in the present internet and technology-based world, therefore, Ford Motor has been using many information management systems and decision support systems (DSS) since 1967 to ensure the protection of information with full of confidence. PEST analysis Political factor
Agricultural Geography Agricultural geography is a subdivision of geography that focuses on cultivated areas and the impact of farming on the physical landscape (Grigg 4). To be precise, it is a branch of economic geography that deals with the territorial distribution of cultivated lands and the factors that influence the distribution (Husain 3). The distinct territorial distribution of cultivated land is based on the relationship between agriculture and the natural environment. The locations spread of areas of cultivated land adheres to several legislations characteristics of the socioeconomic structures of the locality (Grigg 5). The impact of the disparity in the natural environment which causes variable conditions in different geographical areas is reflected in the productivity, production cost and efficiency of production (Husain 9). However, the relationship of these indicators in different regions cannot be regarded as a mere manifestation of the disparity in the natural conditions. This is because the crop development may be considerably altered through land reclamation and cropping method used (Morris, Trisalyn, and Aleck, 4). Therefore, the disparity in environmental conditions calls for different methods of farming. The most significant elements of agricultural geography entail mapping and modelling of various types of land use and organization of land used by different enterprises (Morris, Trisalyn, and Aleck, 4). The aim of this study is to explore agricultural geography and the production and consumption of food in British Columbia. Agricultural Geography in British Columbia British Columbia is a province in western Canada. It is home to a number of the most inventive and advanced food policy in North America (Morrison 4). British Columbia is the second largest province in terms of land area. The province is characterized by high mountains and plateaus. More than half of its land is 1000m above sea level and almost a quarter is rocky and covered with Ice. The nature of the physical landscape of British Columbia has led to the scarcity of agricultural land. Less than 3 percent of the province is agriculturally viable (Curran. 8) However, the 2008 agricultural census indicates the high quality of the agricultural land and intensity of land use in British Columbia. The province accounted for more than ten percent of the Ca
Introduction Mammography is a diagnostic procedure for examining women’s breasts to detect cancer and associated disorders. Mammography uses a low dose of X-ray radiations that create images during the process of screening in which radiologists analyze for any anomalous changes in the breasts. Mammogram is a very sensitive diagnostic and screening tool that detects early development of benign and malignant tumors thus enhancing treatment of the breast cancer in women. Increasing incidences of breast cancer in women has prompted medical experts to carry out massive education of women concerning the need of routine breast examination and early diagnosis of breast cancer. According to American Cancer Society (2005), early diagnosis and detection of breast cancer in women is very important in prevention and treatment of malignant tumors, which cause loss of unnecessary lives (p. 4). Thus, early diagnosis of breast cancer and associated disorders has saved many lives that occur due to the breast conditions. Usually, breast cancer and associated disorders affect older women of 40 years and above, but due to nature of diagnosis, many critics have reservations concerning the need to diagnose younger women. However, despite the importance of mammography in diagnosis of breast cancer and associated disorders, it has negative impacts on women. Uncomfortable Procedure Mammography procedure is very uncomfortable. This makes many women reluctant to seek the diagnosis. A woman has to prepare herself before undergoing mammography. The preparation involves seeking appointment with the doctor who ascertains varied clinical conditions that warrant examination. The doctor cross-examines the patient’s medical history, use of hormonal drugs, family history, and any current surgical procedure. Although this information is very critical for proper mammography examination according to medical experts, patients feel intimidated and coerced to reveal their secret information and therefore feel uncomfortable. Thompson (2009) argues that the long process of interrogating patients before undergoing mammography is very discouraging as it makes many patients to shy away (p. 5). Statistics have revealed that although about 70% of women are willing to undergo mammography procedure, about 30% are unwilling to proceed because they feel uncomfortable due to the nature of interrogation they receive from physicians. Although medical experts assert that cross-examination of the patients is very critical in establishing the course of diagnosis and subsequent treatment, it does not help in meeting the health care objecti