ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Hybrid Education Model Introduction The rapid advancements in technology have seen it find application in almost every aspect of life. The education sector has not been left behind either in the hype of technology. The internet platform has especially played a big role in changing approaches to education delivery. The internet has been utilized to provide online education to international citizens (Bonk & Graham, 2005). Online education is quickly taking root and even in many cases replacing the ordinary face-to-face education delivery. The dynamic aspect of technology has seen different applications flood the market day in and out (Ausburn, 2004). This has effectively availed more user friendly applications to the consumer at an affordable price. This paper will compare and evaluate the online education delivery models that have made it more popular among students than the traditional classroom mode. As a result of the increased online student enrollment, most universities opt for hybrid system in order to be in touch with the course of technology (Bonk & Graham, 2005). The paper brings out an analysis of the hybrid system as a model of education delivery, technological tools used and how it has helped the university to remain competitive in terms of managing student, faculty and administration. Problem Definition The hybrid system of education delivery is where a faculty integrates both in-class learning activities with online learning. The online learning in this case takes the bulk of the learning activities as the face-to-face learning activities are reduced. The recent years have seen an increase in population of students seeking higher education. The increase has been in the inverse proportion with the physical facilities and infrastructure in the university. This effectively limits the number of students that can be admitted to a given course program at an
Anemia is one of the diseases that come in a variety of forms. It may be linked to chronic iron deficiency or vitamin deficiency, be the result of a chronic disease, etc. Still, whatever its nature might be, it is one of the most common health issues in the elderly (Macedo, Dias, Camara, & Antunes, 2017). However, even though anemia is often viewed as part and parcel of aging, it does not necessarily develop in all seniors. Seeing that in older people, anemia often leads to the development of more serious conditions, one must explore the avenues for addressing the issue in a manner as efficient as possible to sustain the patient’s condition at a satisfying level. Difference Between an Elderly Patient and Other Age Groups Although there is no primary difference in which the disease manifests itself in elderly patients and young ones, senior members of the population with anemia are much more prone to developing comorbid health problems than the young ones (Macedo et al., 2017). For senior citizens, anemia is nearly inevitable, whereas, in adolescents and young adults, the problem is rather rare. It is also noteworthy that the reasons for the disease to develop are different in older and younger population in most cases. For instance, in children and infants, anemia is typically caused by iron deficiency, whereas in the elderly, the problem is triggered by the lack of Vitamin B12, although iron deficiency may also be a possible cause (Macedo et al., 2017). Pathology of Anemia in the Elderly After erythroid precursors are developed in the bone marrow, they gradually mature to the stage where they turn into erythrocytes. Without the nucleus, erythrocytes do not have a Krebs cycle and, therefore, cannot generate as a result of respiration. Therefore, the generation process depends heavily on the glycolysis processes, especially on the Embden-Meyerhof type, which is the most common one. Seeing that the production of enzymes that are necessary for the proper function of glycolytic pathways is slackened down significantly with age, elderly patients are predisposed to the development of anemia to a greater degree than young ones. One must admit, though, that, due to the slow development of the problem, the patient’s body may produce a response that will help manage anemia successfully (Oberoi & Pratap, 2015). Comorbidities Among the comorbid issues that elderly patients with anemia may have, one should mention hypotension first. The reason for the identified comorbidity to occur in patients is rather simple. Seeing that anemia implies that the production of red blood cells is hampered, the blood tension drops immediately as soon as anemia is developed. Therefore, hypotension must be addressed accordingly when managing the needs of anemia patients. Furthermore, the levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion are increased significantly. As a result, anemic patients are under the threat of having the syndrome of
Outperforming competitors are one of the central strategic objectives of any company without regard to a sector or industry of operation. To achieve this goal, firms deploy numerous strategies. One of them is referred to as a broad differentiation strategy. This approach is based on accumulating the competitive potential of a company by differentiating its products or services. The primary idea is to introduce innovations to attract the attention of a broad spectrum of consumers and satisfy a variety of needs (Thompson, Peteraf, Gamble, & Strickland, 2015). The foundation of this technique is a thorough investigation of customers’ preferences aimed at finding out what functions and options are desirable and should be added to a proposed product or service. If a broad differentiation strategy is successful, it helps to establish a premium price for a product or service, increase sales, enhance profitability, improve brand image, and gain consumer loyalty (Thompson et al., 2015). There are numerous examples of productive implementation of this strategy. This paper will focus on two companies that deploy this approach – Apple and Starbucks. Apple is known for unique and innovative products. These two features differentiate it from other companies that produce computers and smartphones. Still, the primary benefit of Apple is turning the manufacturing process into art and focusing
Somaly was not Somaly Mam’s first name. What other names can she remember having? Why does she like and keep the name Somaly? Why does she think it fits her? Page 1. How did she get her second or ‘family ‘ name Mam? Page 16-29. How does the name Mam reflect the one bright spot of kindness, care, and learning in her early life? How did this early bright spot continue to be important throughout Somaly’s life, even today? The Road of Lost Innocence is a must-read fascinating chef-d’oeuvre by Somaly Mam. As it reveals, Somaly Mam was not the author’s only name. She had other names that resulted from her temporary choices. As a small child, she had the name ‘Ya’ followed by ‘Non’, as she continued to grow. Additionally, she secured the name ‘Aya’ when the old man rescued her from the forest. The name ‘Mam’, given to her by a kind man, meant, “The necklace of flowers lost in a virgin forest” (Mam 1). Somaly likes and keeps her name because she feels it matches her true self. The name Mam reflects the one bright spot of care, kindness, and learning in her early life, as it points out or rather spots the things that she lacked as a young child. The bright spot is still relevant to her even today as she continues with her works of charity in bringing light to the dark lives of thousands of children. Somaly Mam was born into a hill tribe called Phnong by the Khmers and Chams. How did she wind up with a Cham Muslim grandfather? What brought ber out of the hills at about age nine or ten to live with low land Khmers and Chams? What shocking differences did Somaly notice between the way Khmer and also Cham Cambodians treated their children and the way her Phnong people treated children? Somaly Mam, born in a hillside tribe of Phnong, ended up with a Cham Muslim man because Taman, the man who was taking care of her, as she was an orphan, said that he came from the same place as her biological father. The Cham muslin man, addressed as ‘grandfather’, was a show of respect because he was elderly. Somaly Mam went with the Cham Muslim grandfather to the lowland Khmers and Chams to find her paternal relatives. Tamam sold her though he cheated her that he would help her locate her relatives and live with them. The Phong people are kind to their children unlike the Khamer and Cham Cambodians. The Phong lived in the remote hillside where they treated their children gently. She says, “The Phong people are loyal to their children—not like the Khamer” (Mam 6-7). The Khmers and Chams, on the other hand, were brutal and abusive to their children. They mistreated their children and sold their children to prostitution and slavery. Why did Somaly grow to hate her adoptive grandfather? How did the first bad sign show upright as they were in transit out of the hills? How did this ‘grandfather’ make money off of Somaly’s labor even before selling her sexually? Although she dreamed of killing him because of his cruelty, she never really opposed him. Why? When she finally leams of his death, how does she feel? Page 61-62 Was she any freer as a result of his death? Mam grows to hate her adoptive grandfather because he was so abusive to her. He beats, star
Introduction The Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) is a project that describes a variety of competencies for nurses that need to be followed to contribute to high-quality care in clinical settings. Even though there are six key competencies identified by the researchers in the field of nursing education, they are related to different skills and knowledge areas, and it is important to discuss the competency of safety in much detail (Kangasniemi, Vaismoradi, Jasper, & Turunen, 2013, p. 904). The main focus is on the use of safety-enhancing technologies. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to discuss the overall importance of QSEN, to describe the competency of safety and the associated statement, to explore the existing evidence-based research, and to apply the competency to clinical settings. Importance of Quality and Safety Education in Nursing The QSEN project is extremely important for nursing practice because the competencies and skill statements associated with them provide nurses with the framework of how to improve the quality of their care and contribute to patient safety. From this perspective, quality and safety education provides nurses with all the necessary knowledge and skills that can be successfully applied during their daily practice (Reid & Catchpole, 2011, p. 209). Focusing on the QSEN competencies, nurses can perceive the required knowledge skills from both the systematic and individual approaches. As a result, the nurses’ efforts in applying the quality and safety principles become more productive. Statement of the QSEN Competency Safety is one of the most important QSEN competencies. According to the definition, safety “minimizes the risk of harm to patients and providers through both system effectiveness and individual performance” ( QSEN: Pre-licensure KSAS, Safety, 2014, para. 1). In this field, one of the most critical knowledge statements is an item focusing on the description of “benefits and limitations of selected safety-enhancing technologies”, including automatic alerts and alarms ( QSEN: Pre-licensure KSAS, Safety, 2014, para. 2). These competencies and statements are important to nursing because they need to address the patient safety issues immediately, and nurses need to understand the advantages and disadvantages of safety-enhancing technologies to predict possible risks for the security of patients in clinics. Review of Articles Despite focusing on patient safety, nurses can often use alert systems and alarms wrongly, especially when these medica
Introduction The contemporary state of the US society is a matter of dispute due to the lack of universally accepted criteria for measuring the performance of societal institutions. The present paper aims at assessing how the US society serves the elderly, the youth, and the disadvantaged population. Even though the US government puts its best effort to improve the situation, at-risk populations receive an inadequate level of service in comparison with other developed countries. Main body The situation concerning the older population in the US is improving. Currently, the education level of the older population and life expectancy is rising, while the poverty rate dropped to 9%, and the life expectancy gap is narrowing (Mather, Scommegna, & Kilduff, 2019). However, it is unclear if the current tendency will linger due to an increased amount of challenges projected in the future. According to Mather et al. (2019), in 2060, they’re expected to be over 95 million people aged over 65, which will comprise around 23% of the US population. The US nation is aging, which implies that there will be more people in need of high-level services addressing the needs of the elderly population. It is unclear if the US government will be able to sustain the economic pressure considering the high cost of healthcare in the US. The efficiency of healthcare in the United States poses considerable problems with the availability of health services for at-risk populations. Mathur (2016) states that the US healthcare system is “least efficient among eleven developed, industrialized nations” (p. 1). Even though US society spends over 18% of its GDP on healthcare, it is not enough to provide a high level of service (Mathur, 2016). The common problems included unregulated drug prices and fee-for-service reimbursement structures (Mathur, 2016). In the US, pharmaceutical companies are free to put any price on their medicines, which means that the costs will continue to grow. Moreover, the fee-for-service structure motivates care providers to prescribe more costly procedures to ensure profits. The high cost of care makes it unavailable for people living beyond the poverty line, which leads to increased morbidity and mortality. The problem is especially concerning for children living in low-income families. The number of children living in families with incomes below the federal poverty line in the US is high. According to McCarty (2016), 21.1% of children in the country are financially disadvantaged, which may have a significant impact on the physical and mental health of children. The problem is associated with immigration, an increased number of divorces, and declining rates of marriages (McCarty, 2016). Even though the number of programs serving the youth is growing, they are not enough to address the need of the at-risk population (McCarty, 2016). In other
The Internet Mental Health is a medical resource that offers various kinds of literature on mental health for free, over the internet. It relays the message in form of an encyclopedia that is authored by Dr. Philip Long, who also funds the site (Long, 2009, para. 2). The site was hosted in 1995 and still operates up to date. Dr. Phillip is a Psychiatrist from Canada. Thus, very knowledgeable to assess the authenticity of information posted on the site. The site is very instrumental as the sharing of information could enable doctors in Japan to reduce the hospital admissions from four years to weeks as it was being done in Canada. This would save a lot of time and resources. The accuracy of the information on the site is highly valid because it uses accredited information that is applicable universally. For instance, stress as a mental problem is well defined with diagnosis criteria, symptoms, Intervention, or therapy that is well speculated for the condition. Stress is an anxious behavior that people experience following traumatic experiences (American Psychiatric Association, 1994, para. 2). They include experiencing events that threatened life, caused injury, or endangered the integrity of people. It occurs also when a person experiences intense fear, horror, and helplessness. The symptoms and diagnosis processes applied are the DSM-IV criteria which is a standard method in psychiatric service (American Psychiatric Association, 1994, para. 2). The idea of developing the site was borrowed from the successful Canada-Japan mental health exchange program (Long, 2009, para. 4). The exchange program that was organized by Mr. Mikio Kuraki took place in 1994. While on their visit, two doctors from Canada, named Robert Winram and Dr. Phillip, while still working in Japanese psychiatric hospitals opted to stay with patients at their homes. They discovered that on average, a patient with schizophrenia would stay in hospital for four years, however, in Canada such cases only took weeks (Long, 2009, para. 4). Definitely, this indicated that information sharing was very crucial for the recovery of these patients. This is the reason that triggered the hosting of the website to enhance freely sharing of information. The goal of the program is to improve the understanding of the processes of diagnosis and therapy of mental sickness across the world. The site offers online services for diagnosing specific mental conditions (American Psychiatric Association, 1994, para. 3). In addition, it provides a list of possible medications as treatments for a number of disorders. Its glossary has a list of definitions of common terms that relate to mental illness. Their medications are well described with critical information given in terms of the adverse effects, warnings for use and precautions to be taken. The site also contains more information on the various subject expressed in very simple language that is easy to read and understand. Stress in nursing is a serious concern and the clinical stress that is mostly observed is work-related
Introduction Strategy experience provides an experiential lab that gives students an opportunity to create and manipulate the different market situations. These situations are tackled in segments and signify the different phases of business life and cycle. In a nutshell, these cycles include the investment within a company during startup, wooing and retaining clients in their target market both locally and internationally, an analysis of their portfolio growth, the rise in share value and, looking at the factors in play to maintaining a positive growth rate through the life time of a given business. In the strategic experience lab we are exposed to real market scenarios with real market forces. Though these scenarios are pseudo, we realized by the end of it all that much as the virtual investments and business decisions were involved, and that the market dynamics came into play, our intellect cum emotions into growth and expansion played a great deal. The strategic management decisions one would have to make in order to effect growth and profitability of a company, we realized, may or may not have an immediate effect in the management of the business. Strategic choices, if properly formulated and implemented, place the company well beyond the reach of its competitors while keeping a bunch of satisfied clients and a streaming clientele. These are the mark-ups of a growing company, with an increasing share value and market capitalization courtesy of good strategic decisions. How to reach out to and assists clients globally It is no secret that the effective maneuverability of any given business venture into a different economy or a different/ foreign country is strictly reliant on various factors. The acquisition of new markets altogether signifies a unique opportunity for the company to acquire more clients; the employees would broaden their experience in the midst of a barrage of totally new and foreign market. For the business, it will have to surpass the political interference, the diplomatic wrangles and differences that may accrue and sustain through to normal operation. All these are attributed to an effective strategic decision making body. The business, in its endeavor to expand outside its borders has to go through the incubation period. This process entails but is not limited to getting assistance on how to basically transact business in their new market. They will need to market, to network with strategic partners in the foreign country and even gain more investors. Other than these, the business’ responsibilities to the new market involve creating employment opportunities for the citizens of the given country and providing assistance to governments in place without showing any political bias. These would ensure the longevity of the given business given the fact that regimes change, but the business is an establishment meant to last through regime change. Moreover, the business has corporate social responsibility to the citizens and locals in and around its location. Social responsibility in this sense would mean encouraging employees to participate in the local communal activitie
Culture and transformation are two concepts that seem to have nothing in common when discussed separately. However, they have a range of overlapping points, focusing on which people can improve their understanding of particular historical events, political and societal changes. Evans-Pritchard, Hecht, Susser, and Trouillot are well-known professionals who concentrated on different topics but included these points in their works. Even though these professionals did not cooperate while preparing their papers and had different subjects matter, they used several similar methods and had similar research goals. Evans-Pritchard, in his book, revealed some insights on the Nuer’s life and their politics (2). The professional wanted the readers to see how those natural resources affected people’s production and formed their social organization and sovereignty, as those ideas they had. He was trying to show people the transformation from a hunter-gatherer society that was peculiar to prehistoric civilizations and first tribes to a proper permanent agricultural society that represented class society. In addition to that, Evans-Pritchard paid attention to the way democratic society, with the absence of chieftainship, selected its political authority (141). A similar topic was discussed by Hecht, as the author focused on the politics related to the environment (6). She focused on the danger of nuclearity and identified the fact that the presence of Uranium on a particular territory urged the creation of nuclear workplaces, and defined the major production of the society. In addition to that, it shaped the politics of waste disposal. Evans-Pritchard’s work affects the readers with the author’s approach to gathering information. He made several visits to the area of interest and conducted several interviews to gather the most true-to-life information. As a result, he received an opportunity to include the words of other people and even some parts of their dialogues. In addition to that, the book was written from the first person, which makes it more interesting to read and easier to understand research goals. It seems that Evans-Pritchard wanted his audience to obtain as many details and examples as possible because, in this way, they have a chance to understand the way the Nuer changed with the course of time. In this way, Hecht also received an opportunity to reveal the connection between natural resources, occupation, and politics. Trouillot focused on the concept of history, as he wanted the readers to realize how some events can be hidden so that the past seems to be utopic while its reality was terrible (7). The author referred to the discussion of a case study. He speaks of Sans Souci, as of a person who was killed and as of two castles with his name. Trouillot emphasized that history consists of ruins that are gathered together that is why it often leads those details that could improve people’s knowledge and understanding (35). He underlined that influential people had