ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
It is quite impossible to provide a universally accepted definition as to what does it mean being a college student. The reason for this is simple – there are as many points of view, in this respect, as there are students. Nevertheless, it is possible to reflect upon how I believe college students should be positioning themselves in life, which in turn would allow them to live up to the title. In this essay, I will aim to do just that. First, I think that being a college student means being a responsible individual, who believes that the studying represents its foremost priority. Therefore, under no circumstances may college students neglect taking care of academic assignments, provided by their teachers. Moreover, in order for just about any college student to be able to succeed academically, he or she must never cease striving to expand its intellectual horizons. Unfortunately, many students adopt a rather light approach towards pursuing a degree, which in turn undermines their chances of obtaining a diploma. In its turn, this also implies that, in order for college students to excel in their studies, they must be willing to act in a thoroughly self-disciplined manner. Second, being a college student suggests one’s willingness to not only memorize the taught material but to reflect upon it critically. What it means is that, every time when teachers present students with their own views on the significance of what they teach, students should be able to challenge these views. Being the representatives of younger generations, college students have all the right to have their opinions heard. After all, it will be up to them to define the ways of the future. Therefore, ever since their early years, young people who expect to become college students should strive to form their own opinions about the actual meaning of life. Third, even though that, in order for people to qualify to become college students, they must be thoroughly comfortable with the notion of responsibility, this however does not imply that they should only be concerned with the studying. Quite on the contrary – trying to have fun, whenever is possible, is the important part of students’ life.
Having a concussion is a common event. Statistics show that 128 people out of every 100,000 in the United States are affected by it. It should be noted that this figure is drawn from the official data calculated by the number of instances of requiring professional medical aid in hospitals and, in real life, it is even higher (Ropper & Gorson, 2007). Concussions have a wide range of psychological effects that will be investigated in this paper. First of all, it is necessary to determine the nature of the problem and its symptoms. Concussion, in general, is referred to as a loss of consciousness followed by a brief period of amnesia resulting from trauma caused by any blow to a head (Ropper & Gorson, 2007). It can take a variety of forms from the slightest feeling of a daze to the most severe outcomes such as memory disturbance, amnesia, and posttraumatic nervous instability characterized by hysteria, anxiety, and depression. Because the primary reason for concussions is head trauma, it is common for sportsmen and kids to lead active lifestyles. However, there are many instances of having one accidentally. What is dangerous about them is that sometimes concussions remain unnoticed, especially in the cases where there were no symptoms or they lasted for just a couple of hours. That said, they can lead to the further development of mental health problems. As of the most common symptoms of concussion, they are usually disabling and include dizziness, clumsiness, mild headache, trouble concentrating, irritability, and weakness. However, in the most severe cases, concussions might also cause vomiting and fluid flowing from ears or nose similar to cerebrospinal fluid (Ropper & Gorson, 2007). Their duration varies from a couple of hours to weeks and even months. The psychological effects of concussions depend on the severity of trauma and its symptoms. However, it should be highlighted that they might evolve if not detected at the right time and treated properly. The first and most common psychological effect of concussions is what is referred to as mood swings. It is characterized by the inability to control one’s emotions with a quick shift from apathy to irritability and impatience, from lack of initiative to vigilance and back to unresponsiveness to arousal, etc. (Nelson, Janecek, & Mccrea, 2013). The primary determinant here is that there is no apparent reason for such alteration. What can also be related to mood swings is the change in personality, i.e. starting behaving unusually without any obvious cause. Mood swings and change in personality are the foundations of other psychological implications of concussions. Furthermore, concussions can lead to higher levels of stress. Because sometimes trauma has no severe symptoms but is characterized only by a mi
The book written by Lily Cho consists of a detailed research into the culture of the Chinese and its integration with that of the Canadians. The author concentrates on the menus that are offered in small Chinese restaurants in Canada. In addition, Cho emphasizes that the Chinese menus have undergone major changes and modifications so as to integrate with the Canadian food culture. The book delves into the role played by the restaurants in the cultural setting of the Canadian community. It looks into the ability of the restaurants to improve relationships by reducing discrimination and improving cross-cultural tolerance (Travis 1). The writer also notes that the expansion of the Chinese Restaurants was accelerated in later years of the 20 th century. This is due to the fact that the restaurant managers were allowed to include items that reflected their culture in terms of menus as well as signs close to the end of the century. The author views the proprietors of the restaurants as major agents of cultural integration in the community. These have been noted to create opportunities for people to interact and relate for other reasons that are beyond the profit motive (Cho 126). Moreover, the book concedes that the menus in the Chinese restaurants are open to changes in accordance to the preferences of the public. The writer utilizes various illustrations to bring out aspects of culture in the Diaspora. This is achieved through the exploration of the different food habits that characterize culture as portrayed by proprietors, cooks and waiters. Further, the writer argues that the increased presence of Chinese restaurants allowed for social transformation. This was particularly crucial as it was needed for immigrants to be embraced in the community. The enactment of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1947 is viewed as an important milestone in the growth of the Chinese restaurant menus (Cho 72). The menus are however regarded as westernized due to the influence of the Canadian culture. The book emphasizes further that despite the debate on whether the foods are traditional, the menus have had a great impact in the restaurant scene. The w
Information about the author Andrew X. Pham is a Vietnamese-American writer. His family moved to the United State when the Vietnamese Conflict was in its prime. When Andrew X. Pham was a child, he dreamt to become a painter, or somebody else connected with art, still, the necessity to earn money and strict upbringing methods of the father made the write choose another path. When Pham graduated from school in the US, he entered the UCLA. “At last, I abandoned my studies, and, saddled with debts, I tried my hand at writing for a living” (Bio). After he changed many jobs, he became a writer: “In a way, I have become a painter of sort. Medium: words on paper. Subject: life as I see it” (Bio). The plot of the story One of the most famous books by Andrew X. Pham is the Catfish and Mandala. It is a semi-biographical story, which depicts the author’s life. The story is the description of the journey, the author takes through the United States and Japan to Vietnam. The only vehicle Pham uses on the way through the states of America is the bicycle. He comes to Japan of a board, and goes to Vietnam. There he spends about a year in Vietnam, and then, comes back to the United States. Analysis of the story The story of the man reflects the search of truth. T
Introduction Social work competency is a complex concept that comprises theoretical knowledge and practical skills obtained during the learning process and continuous practice. According to Weerman and Abma (2018), “experiential knowledge of professional social workers can be integrated with social work curricula and offer a valuable contribution to the mission of social work” (p. 15). That is why HWC courses are built utilizing a hybrid model of learning that consists of two main scopes – authentic in-class learning, and student-oriented out-of-class experience. The learning process that is based on this principle provides a dynamic experience that can be applied to real-world practice. A combination of in-class discussions and out-of-class activities allows students to involve in real-life social work and analyze it from an academic perspective. Fox (2016) emphasizes the value of learning source variety that facilitates “academic knowledge, practice, and experiential wisdom” (p. 960). The main benefit of this learning strategy is that it is closely related to reality, which is vital for such a practical field as social work. The dynamic experience of active engagement in real-life social activities that consist of in-class and outside class assignments aids the growth of critical thinking ability, critical awareness, and skill development. Reflection on Instructor-Directed Activity: Role-play Special Interest Group Special interest groups (SIGs) are an essential part of communities that represent publicly significant positions and ideas. Such groups often consist of social workers, volunteers, and activists that use their channels of influence to promote policymaking procedures. Understanding the ways how these groups develop and lobby their initiatives is vital for future social workers. As the classes are designed to match real-life activities, the role-play of a particular interest group is an efficient method to learn about the implementation of the knowledge in practice. Role-play consists of presentation and justification of the SIG’s position, policy development, and discussion of lobbying strategies. Moreover, this task gives an idea of communication and work in a team necessary to achieve common goals. The experience of participation in this task gave me an understanding of the powers behind the policymaking process. Special interest groups rarely have an extensive political influence to promote their ideas, and their impact on choices of policies and outcomes is often limited. That is why the main instrument on which they rely is informative lobbying, which means advertising their position to convince political representatives to support it. Role-play activity in class helped to model the situation where the social workers have to develop a conception and advertise it. Such experience enhances policy-development skills and communication competencies, as well as an understanding of stakeholder roles. Analysis Out-of-C
Introduction Experiment to determine the number of infective phage particles in a sample using viral titration. Methods/Procedure Figure 1. Conceptual scheme of virus suspension dilution. The peculiarities of bacteriophage reproduction are related to their intensive expansion during cultivation, so a procedure of sequential tenfold dilution was used (Figure 1): a total of nine test tubes with molten tryptone-soft agar. A 200 mL aliquot of E.coli was added to each of the tubes, and after thorough mixing in a water bath, the samples were transferred to prelabeled plates. Figure 2. Example of three of nine prepared plates with bacteriophage suspensions. Results Since the basis of the experiment was to measure the number of plaques on previously prepared plates, the only direct measurement was to count the number of such spots on the entire plate, and only the minimum final concentrations were used to ensure reliability. The second column of Table 1 below reflects the counted quantities, with the third column giving the relative plaque content per unit volume (mL). Dilution of bacteriophage  Plague number  PFU/ml      10 -6                      22             2.2 x10 -5  10 -7                      16             1.6 x10 -6  10 -8                      11             1.1 x 10 -7 10 -9                      14             1.4 x 10 -8 10 -10                     3              3 x 10 -10   Table 1. Results of absolute and relative plaque counts. Discussion/Conclusion The purpose of the present study was to use a plaque quantification protocol to determine the active bacteriophage units in the samples. Bacteriophages are typical viruses whose mechanism of infection is directed purely at bacteria, which means that bacteria are directly targeted by bacteriophages (Hill, 2019). The release of cellular material by bacteriophages occurs through a complex procedure of lysis of the bacterial cell wall, injection of genetic material, and subsequent stages of transcription and translation of recombinant proteins (Principi et al., 2019). All this is not aimed at destroying the bacterial cell but at creating another farm for autonomous viral reproduction. There are a vast number of bacteria in the human body, many of which are symbionts. One of these is E. coli, a symbiotic bacterium of the intestinal system that helps process complex carbohydrates (E. coli, 2018). Obviously, E. coli can be suscept
Introduction All workers face a great challenge trying to harmonize their lives, thus balancing between their works and families. In such a situation, families end up being affected. Some parents would like produce more children but the cost of them stopping to work seems too high. Other couples are contented with the size of their families but want to work more (Di Cieri, Holmes, Abbott, & Pettit, 2002 p. 2). There is need for managers to encourage their workers to feel free to request for flexible working hours. Poor communication and cultural perceptions are the major obstacles to work-life balance for employees. Managers should change the cultural perceptions in their organizations to make sure those workers who need work-life balance are not seen as noncommittal to their work obligations. Benefits of work-life balance for employees If couples are forced to decide between bringing up their children and working, this will lead to very few children and very little employment. Having a good balance between work and life is a crucial issue for the well being of children because a child who is brought up working parents is thrice less likely to experience poverty compared to children with one working parent (Di Cieri, Holmes, Abbott, & Pettit, 2002 p. 1). A good balance between work and family also reduces stress of the parents leading to more benefits to the relationship between children and parents as well as the relationship between both parents. Approximately 66% of mothers in OECD seek employment after their child is old enough to go to school. This shows that families are capable of balancing their careers and families successfully. The number of hours an individual spends at work is also a significant factor of the balance between work and life. Research has indicated that long hours at work are likely to increase personal stress, endanger personal safety, and harm personal health. Besides, the more a person works the less likely will he/she be able to have time for other activities (Halbert & Ingulli, 2008 p. 10). In the OECD, an average individual works 1739 hours each year and spends about 64% of their day for leisure and personal care (Bradford, 2011, par. 5). The balance of work and life does not necessarily mean an equal balance. Managers play a very crucial role in helping their workers to attain the correct work-life balance. When managers promote a working environment that makes it easy for their employees to realize a good balance between their work and life, the organization will have motivated, healthier, more contented workers. The employees who have a better work-life balance are more satisfied with their jobs and eventually become more productive which is a benefit for the entire organization. Managers can help their workforce to attain a work and life balance by: implementing flexible working schedules and work arrangements that meet the needs of employees, being respectful and thoughtful of employee personal responsibilities, creating time for employees to pursue career development and opportunities to serve the community, and by promoting a constructive work setting by providing
Executive Summary The main objective of Rocky Mountain Valley Hospital is to introduce a new product, Orthopedic Service Line, into the market. The marketing plan aims to apply the evidence-based approach in creating a comprehensive way of analyzing key performance indicators, designing care pathways that diminish undesirable differences in care delivery, and increasing patients’ outcomes and satisfaction. Subsequently, the plan would reduce healthcare costs by increasing the effectiveness of healthcare delivery, reducing readmission rates, decreasing the duration of hospital stay, and checking complications. The attainment of the objective would enable WHS to improve its status and take part in Bundled Payments and Accountable Care Organizations (ACO). Moreover, the plan would enable patients with high-deductible insurance plans to access orthopedic services offered by WHS. Essentially, the marketing plan of the new Orthopedic Service Line aims to:  1. Improve patient outcomes and satisfaction through the delivery of patient-centered quality services and collaborative relationships.  2. Streamline and synchronize processes and operations for nurses, physicians, and orthopedic teams to provide optimal orthopedic services to patients.  3. Reduce the cost of providing quality healthcare services to patients.  4. Augment brand awareness and expand the market share of the new service line of WHS. In streamlining the process of service delivery, the service line categorizes similar services and products for the orthopedic team to synchronize operations and get optimal patient outcomes. The streamlined process and synchronized operations enable WHS to provide quality orthopedic services and boost patient satisfaction. As orthopedics need services from surgical, nursing, physiotherapy, and rehabilitation departments, the service line focuses on developing a comprehensive healthcare product to provide care before, during, and after the provision of orthopedic services to facilitate patients to benefit from the entire treatment cycle. Essentially, the service line is beneficial because its goals are to establish leadership in orthopedic service delivery through the adoption of quality care and increase patient inflow and market share. In the aspect of actionable programs, WHS ought to satisfy the marketplace by employing adequate healthcare providers, establishing a robust communication system, and expanding the scope of the service line. Another program is the exploitation of competitive advantage by ensuring the expansion of the facility to accommodate an increasing number of patients. Additionally, WHS would reduce costs of supplies by comparing vendors and identifying one that offers affordable rates. Background As a famous hosp
As a ground-breaking advancement in the field of strategic management, Porter’s Five Forces model is a natural pick for evaluating an industry’s strategic perspectives. The basic premise of the theory is that competitiveness within a given industry is the defining factor for strategic planning, and there are five forces influencing it. These forces are the bargaining power of suppliers, the bargaining power of buyers, competitive rivalry, the threat of substitutes, and the threat of new entrants (Porter 2008, pp. 80-85). While the longevity and popularity of the Five Forces model testify for its applicability, there are still some limitations to it. Porter’s theory interprets competitive strategy exclusively in terms of the external operating environment, focuses on the competition within the firmly set existing markets, and might be less suitable for emerging markets. The first critique of Porter’s Five Forces model that came up in the group’s discussion of its case was the fact that it concentrates solely on the external competitive environment. It aims to evaluate the competitiveness of the industry as a whole or a large segment of it and, by doing so, concentrates on the external operating environment. As a result, if the firm uses the Five Forces model in its strategic planning, its analysis concentrates solely on the factors external to the firm’s own performance (Davis 2017, p. 4). Such an approach tends to reduce the firm’s internal resources, such as the employees, to a mostly inconsequential factor. Admittedly, this criticism does not undermine the value of Porter’s Five Forces model for assessing the external environment a firm operates in. Still, one should be aware that it does not account for the internal factors just as well, which means other theoretical tools should be used for this purpose. As the group continued its work, another criticism of potential weakness in the Five Forces model came up: Porter’s theory tends to evaluate competition in terms of firmly set existing markets. The essence of this criticism is that many companies aim to beat their competitors in an existing market space with the already known players and pro