ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Required information This paper is a research proposal aimed at drafting the information about the purpose of the research, the strategies, and techniques used for the research. The research is aimed at considering the nosocomial infections transmitted by all staff within the Skilled Nursing Facility with the help of quantitative research after the consideration of the medical journals and some sources on the Internet. Appropriateness of approach The research is important, and it should be conducted as nosocomial infections are easily transmitted and may be a cause of a serious epidemic if the specific measures are not considered in detail. This research aims to check two specific ways of how to combat the disease in case it is already spread in one particular environment. The research is appropriate as it corresponds to the requirements of the course, and all the necessary procedures are followed, including the literature review, the methodology, the results, and the discussion of the research results. Nosocomial infections are considered a serious problem for hospitals, which requires more financial support and more time of hospitalization (Baghaei, Mikaili, Nourani, & Khalkhali, 2011). Purpose of the research proposal The research is aimed at considering the measures which may be taken when the nosocomial infections are transmitted by all staff within the Skilled Nursing Facility. Particularly, the research is directed at checking whether the implementation of the preventive alert and pause system is effective in the situation. The purpose of the research is based on measuring the number of the occurred cases and considering how many cases were treated by means of the mentioned techniques. Researcher The main role of the researcher is to create the sample for the research, to describe in detail the methodology and the research procedure, and to observe the research by noting all the results. Having quantitative research as the method used in this case, the researcher should gather all the data, systemize it, and after a detailed consideration to structure the results to make those easy for consideration. The role of the researcher, in this case, bears practical importance along with the theoretical participant who is responsible for the research procedure and results in analysis. Sampling techniques Quantitative research is based on the number of occurrences of the cases of nosocomial infections, and the strategies for decreasing the number of cases are going to be considered. Appropriateness of sampling techniques This type of research is the most appropriate as being aimed at considering the most effective strategy for dealing with nosocomial infections; the number of cases should be explored
Gender bias refers to the situation whereby people of one gender are indiscriminately treated differently from the other gender. In the traditional ways of doing research, male respondents were being given more attention compared to their female counterparts. Feminist research methodologies were however, developed over the years to ensure that even women get the chance to participate in the research activities. One of the factors that promote gender biases in research includes lack of sufficient research on the positions held by men and women in society. The other factor is the kind of the research whereby the most of these psychological researches are based on stereotypes rather than the real differences between man and women. Finally, is the differences in behaviors between men and women in that women have a lot of strange behaviors brought about by changes in their hormonal balance such as during the PMS and PMT stages. Gender bias has been a factor in research for many years. The most affected research area by this factor is medicine owing to the stereotype that most of the health disorders affect either males or females and rarely can you find ailments that affect both genders with equal magnitude. A good example of this is when research is being conducted on cardiac disorders. These are largely believed to be common in men; hence such researches are done on male samples. The assumption made in such cases is that the female population affected by these disorders is trivial hence insignificant in the research (Brannon 231). The result of this is that cures and control mechanisms are developed for men, and it is assumed that this will work for women too. This however could not be the case because it has been discovered that women react differently to medications compared to men. In some cases however, gender bias in research is valid, a good example being the case of research on the condition of women during pregnancy. This will never affect men and hence using female samples to collect the data is warranted. According to Brannon, “women had always been excluded from research activities that led to the validation of most clinical drugs owing to what was referred to as safety reasons. However, this prohibition did not have clear information on the effects of clinical drugs drugs on women” (234). This finding sent most of the drugs to the laboratory also owing to the fact that women were being affected adversely by these. Psychological research was also generally conducted on men as the original respondents then women came in second as secondary respondents. This changed after it was discovered that most people with psychologica
Toni Morrison’s ‘Beloved’ is a story told against the backdrop of slavery in America. An African-American herself, Morrison weaves a powerful tale that reveals the real ugly psychological and historical truth about slavery. Most of the characters in the novel, including the protagonist Sethe, have been victimized by slavery in differing ways. Just as all human beings have been born with the gift of fighting against odds in life , these characters too resist by developing their own series of responses to the various adversities that confront them. Sethe, a black woman, endures a series of horrific adversities. She responds positively several times while her seventh response is negative. Her first response, when she is molested by the nephews of a schoolteacher, is to report the misbehavior to Mrs. Garner in the hope that the perpetrators would be severely reprimanded. Her protest falls on deaf ears as and instead gains her a merciless whipping despite being pregnant. Seeing the futility of her action, her next response is to flee into the forest. From there, with the help of Amy Denver and Stamp Pad, she manages to reach the safety of Baby Suggs’s home. Sethe’s next adversity comes when the schoolteacher finds her and attempts to forcibly make her children and her return to Sweet Home. Her response to his is to run away with her children to the woodshed, where desperate at having no solution in sight, she exercises ‘rough choice,’ namely, opting to kill her children rather than let them return to the horrors of slavery that she experienced {“and split to the woodshed to kill her children” (Morrison 158)}. She succeeds in killing one of them – her elder daughter – with a handsaw. Sethe’s next faces adversity comes in the form of shamefully waiting in line for food with the rest of the black community in Cincinnati. She responds by thinking of herself as superior to the rest of the blacks, shunning the free food and instead of robbing food from the restaurant {“I pick up a little extra from the restaurant is all” (Morrison 67)}. Adversity next comes in the form of Beloved, who she is certain is the incarnation of the daughter she killed. Her response is to try her best to make up for her crime by satisfying each and every demand of Beloved to the extent of literally enslaving herself to the girl. Her nex
Viruses and worms are harmful computer programs that infect computers, often causing them to malfunction. Although worms and viruses both infect computers and cause some sort of damage or data loss, there is a difference between the two. A virus is a program that attaches itself to any computer file, usually an exe file, or program and spreads across with the help of data transfer from computer to computer. (How Do Computer Viruses Spread?) A worm, on the other hand, does not need files to attach to and spread like viruses. They make use of the already present file transfer systems to spread from one place to another (Vangie, n.d). With the advent of internet technology and a globally integrated network, viruses are spreading online more rapidly than any other means. One of the most common ways online viruses spread is through spam email. These are unwanted and often infected emails that clutter your inbox, offering fake product offers and attractions. Viruses not only spread through spam mail but also through regular emails from known sources. These viruses come with email attachments. Another very common channel for viruses is through websites. Many websites leave cookies for later identification but many plant viruses as well. One of the most common forms of online virus spread is through downloading. Downloading files off the internet from unreliable and unverified sources can harbor virus infections. Many peer-to-peer networks such as LimeWire, Kazaa, and Bearshare have virus-infected files in search results that are disguised as actual search result files. Another common way of virus spread is through removable media such as USB flash drives and on computer networks through file sharing and network drives as well. Many popular viruses and worms spreading online, these days, are through automatically generated disguised links on Windows Live Messenger and Facebook. These links appear to be sent by the users themselves and attract friends by offering them to explore provocative and interesting content. An example of such a link would be, “Hey! I found your picture online! (Tamiflu spams spread online). To prevent the spread of viruses and worms, there are certain precautionary measures that can be taken. First, use a good virus scanner or anti-virus software to scan computers regularly. Also, make sure that the software and scanners are up to date so that the latest virus definitions are supported. Another measure that can be taken is to scan all files before transfer and scan all removable media before use and transfer. Firewalls can also be implemented over computer networks to restrict harmful activities. Another feature on computer networks can be to block harmful website content and not allow access to those websites. Now, certain websites like Google offer page ranking facilities that warn users about harmful website
Introduction This is an article critique paper on the concept of costs of production in the short run. This paper will carefully analyze an article which was posted in the New York Times; the article briefly discussed the cost of production of grains. In this analysis, an attempt is made to expound on the concept of “costs of production in the short run” by using the example of grain production given in the article. A summary of the article is outlined, the concept of production in the short run explained and a detailed discussion carried out on how the article explains the cost of production in the short run. Some of the factors left out by the author of the article are brought to light, and a conclusion is then drawn. Summary of the Article The article is authored by Justin Gillis and is titled Tracking the Global Food Situation. Gillis (2011) discussed the issue of global food supply and outlined the changes in the price of grains from the previous year (2010). In his analysis, he constantly referred to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations’ report . The report showed that there was a continuous increase in the price of food from the previous year to the extent that the prices had increased by 36 per cent compare to the previous year (2010). The report claimed that the producers were trying all they could to respond positively to the skyrocketing prices by increasing their outputs, but the weather conditions and demand were two of the factors which significantly negated their efforts. To best analyze this article in the context of cost of production in the short run, it is necessary that an overview of the concept of cost of production in the short run is given. The Concept of Costs of Production in the Short Run Generally, short run in the context of economic, and specifically, when applied in the sphere of production, refers to a time range of a production activity when at least one factor of production remains constant or fixed. In most cases, the factor of production which remains constant is the capital which can either be the machinery used in the process of production or the plant/factory through which production is carried out. In the short run, therefore, there are some factors, which can be changed while others cannot be changed. The factors which can be changed over this period are commonly referred to as the variable factors of production while those which cannot be changed are referred to as the fixed factors of production. The size of a firm or a farm, for the case of farming, is a fixed factor of production while the other inputs are variable factors of production, and they include resources such as labor and raw materials. As it will be shown in the discussion section below, primary production can be made to increase output in the sho
Introduction North East Wessex District Council is the organization which deals with providing government services to the citizens of southern England. The company employs about 300 people. Age, gender and other characteristics are absolutely different as well as the time employees have spend with the organization. The company has decided to merge with North West Wessex District Council with the purpose to reduce some money by means of outsourcing some services provided by North West Wessex District Council. It becomes obvious that human resources play crucial part in company functioning. Perfectly organized Human Resource Management may be really helpful for the company and may increase its profit and labor productivity. The main purpose of this report is to consider some ways and strategies which may be directed at the company with the purpose to organize the human resources in such a way that it could be possible to improve cost effectiveness of the company. Here is the list of actions the company should provide to improve its efficiency. ‘Glass Ceiling’ Elimination It was considered that the ‘glass ceiling’ exists in the company. It is extremely inconvenient and out of fashion now. The world has understood that women may be rather efficient in work and they may improve the work of the whole organization. One of the main reasons for setting ‘glass ceiling’ is that women should balance work and family which makes them distract from their responsibilities too often. Still, it has already been proven that women may cope with their responsibilities both at the workplace and at home successfully. Thus, being guided by the experience of such companies as AFLAC, Quaker Oats Company, IBM, KPMG, etc. it may be concluded that such organizations have succeed by using special programs which are really helpful. Thus, IBM and KPMG say that those programs helped to increase the number of women specialists in their companies (Bohlander & Snell 2009, p. 224). It is impossible to imagine that women can become successful in aviation industry, but a number of stories show that it is possible to fly above the glass ceiling and become successful in aviation industry (Anderson 2009). Training and Retirement Morrison and Spink (2010) having conducted an analysis of some companies and the actions they have provided offer to provide consultations to the staff on all levels, to increase staff motivation and training programs, the flexible working and job share arrangements also positively influenced the working process. Moreover, considering the techniques used by the Blackpool Fylde and Wyre hospitals Foundation Trust, it may be concluded that the reduction of the overtime costs by means of hiring new employees who became responsible for more tasks is also an effective strategy (Morrison & Spink 2010, p. 15). It is necessary to mention that there are 114 employees who are either 50 or more years old. This means that these people are going to retire soon. It is important to become involved into preretirement programs which may be helpful both for the company and for the employees as well (Bohlander & Snell 2009, p
One of the great disciples of Socrates, in Athens was Plato, he articulates the Athenian jury system and reveals the inadequacy of the arbitration. Whenever in ancient or modern period obedience of authority is a significant substance. While his defense Socrates says that “let the event be as God wills: in obedience to the law I make my defense” (Plato). The great philosopher Socrates, about twenty-four centuries ago recognized the truth that obedience is a major element to express his censure of the wrong jurisdiction and accusers. In his defense, Socrates stated his arguments to prove that he led the Athenian citizens on the way of wisdom, not atheism. Socrates teaches us that obedience is the recognition of the social system without it one can not succeed in his intention. He had the opportunity to save his life but Socrates enquired the answer to his questions. Accusers charged him as an atheist against Athenian gods at the same time; his questions were influential towards the youths. His words and opinions argued that authority continues old believes and those are orthodox. Another important lesson given by Socrates is that wisdom is not living with philosophers it lies in the experience of human beings. Socrates recognizes that his teachings were an attempt towards an eternal truth so he presents wisdom before the jury and the citizens of Athens. Socrates tells that he speaks the words of paranormal power so he is not able to explain it. Plato reveals in his commentary as Socrates words that, “I am not angry with my accusers, or my condemners; they have done me no harm, although neither of them meant to do me any good; and for this, I may gently blame them” (Plato). He recognized as he is a wise man but inform the presence of the existing truth. The accusers charged Socrates as the teacher of atheism because according to them his words about the strange knowledge. Generally, the words of Socrates could not understand by his contemporary jurists because of his ironical explanations. Socrates employs psychological approach to the success of his stand and proved it is
Elizabeth had experienced both bad and good times in business over a relatively short time. The initial stages in her business were never promising but eventually they did. Her business started to skyrocket after she got loyal customers who used to place regular orders. This led to the facility being small for the business. The fact that Biddy’s bakery outgrew its initial facility at a very fast speed made Elizabeth assumed that the case would be continuous. She assumed that the business would continue growing thus going for a bigger facility. On moving to the new facility, she increased her production significantly. Before expanding her business, Elizabeth did not consider her market i.e. the number of loyal customers in relation to her production. The challenge was due to the unpredictability of the customers. Elizabeth should have analyzed the system before adopting her new strategy. This would have helped her in making informed decisions as far as the expansion of the business is concerned. The aspect of facility design would have helped her in a big way because she would have known the capacity that would enable her to produce sufficient goods for the available customers irrespective of the season-high or low. Elizabeth should also have considered the economies of scale, which determines whether the demand is large enough to call for mass production or if the demand is unsteady, like in her case, that it cannot support a dedicated production facility. All these considerations are based on the availability of customers for her products. The team of business students proposed that Biddy should start producing McDoogle pies in large volumes with major sales going to a local grocery store. Initially, she used to produce McDoogle pies as a specialty as well as other baked goods including cakes. Her main market of the pies was the local restaurants and the general populace. The proposal was solely based on a specific grocery store that was meant to take much of the pies. This was wrong because in case of demolition or termination of the grocery business then Elizabeth would lose a large proportion of her market. The pies were also meant to occupy the remaining space with a misconception that they would all be bought. This would make her not to produce any other pies for her many customers that already knew about her and loved her products. They too did not put into consideration the production cost for the bakery’s mass production as well as the impact on her old-fashioned style and taste of the baked goods. By accepting the proposal, her traditional operations would be null and irrelevant for she cannot achieve the production without the purchase of other new facilities to meet curb the production needs as well as her entire way of working including the products. The business would be different too because she would be part of a chain supply system termed as “all the steps and processes involved in delivering the product or service to the end customer “(Mabert & Venkataramanan, 1998, p.