ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Discussion In her article, Semrud-Clikeman (n.d.) explains the importance of understanding the differences in children’s brain development. The author emphasizes that if a teacher underestimates these divergences, they will never succeed in providing their students with the most efficient instruction. As a result, learners will not reach the proper level of understanding and knowledge. Semrad-Clikeman (n.d.) notes that instructions below and above the maturity level of a child’s brain development can produce equal negative outcomes. The adverse effect of the failure to understand the brain maturity of each student can lead to misbehavior. Semrad-Clikeman (n.d.) remarks that brain functions develop at a different pace for each person. Thus, the scholar advises that teachers should be aware of developmental disparities among learners. Also, educators should understand that their students’ development can be affected by such issues as illnesses, hospitalizations, or family disruptions. Children experiencing these circumstances should sit at the front of the class and receive encouragement from the teacher to help them accommodate. Semrad-Clikeman (n.d.) notes that children with chronic diseases should be suggested to engage in alternate activities, and the teacher should explain the reason for such changes to other students. The author also draws attention to the fact that there should be a variety of materials and ideas to promote children’s brain maturation. Semrad-Clikeman (n.d.) mentions that learners’ skills can be enhanced through games, puzzles, and other activities. Additionally, the scholar warns teachers not to expect that all brain systems of a child will develop at the same rate. Thus, Semrud-Clikeman (n.d.) emphasizes that teachers should not employ a one-size-fits-all approach or base the division of learners into groups only on age characteristics. Semrad-Clikeman (n.d.) remarks that while brain maturation is a crucial aspect for teachers to consider, it is far from being the only one. Other important issues include genetics, age, environment, temperament, and the level of development. Brain maturation starts before birth when different neurons travel to their appropriate locations within the brain (Semrud-Clikeman, n.d.). If some nerve cells do not find their place, they are destroyed, and the baby will have some disorders in the development. After birth, the baby already has the auditory and visual systems that continue to evolve as the brain accommodates the environment. The scholar remarks that the development of brain systems is different for each baby. The motor and sensory systems of healthy infants keep developing during toddlerhood and preschool time. However, it is necessary to keep in mind that inputs from the environment, which are different
Aging can be described as a continuous and unavoidable process in which the cells of the body grow and develop as they attain maturity. It is influenced by factors such as one’s genes, the type of environment they are exposed to and also their lifestyle. One has a choice to decide whether they want to age healthy or unhealthy. Aging healthy means that one gets old with the mind, body and spirit being in perfect condition. Unhealthy aging means one grows old with all these three aspects of health not having a perfect balance. This paper discusses healthy and unhealthy aging, its applicable career and retirement issues and the benefits of healthy aging. Poor nutrition, drug abuse, alcoholism, stress and lack of exercise are the major causes of unhealthy aging. This causes the body to be malnourished, tired and has low activity. It has an effect on the lifespan of a person and general health which in turn determines their career and work. It also has an effect on their retirement age Bjorklund (2010). Your health is your wealth. It is wise to choose a healthy lifestyle to enjoy the goodness that life has to offer. A healthy lifestyle results to healthy aging because you are what you eat. The price for healthy aging is; having a good diet that is balanced, going slow on drugs and alcohol, exercise and a sane mental state. A healthy lifestyle promotes good health and long life. One is able to concentrate on their career and be able to plan for retirement. According to Bjorklund (2010), people choose their careers depending on their gender, family influence and genetics. Older people are more satisfied with their careers as opposed to the youth. Women start planning for their retirement earlier than men and it is affected by their age. I agree with her opinion because this is what happens in the society most cases. For example, a youth of middle age will keep shifting his career until he settles for what his heart pleases. By the time he is content, he is grown and finds satisfaction in the career that he is doing and sticks to it. He then thinks of retirement much later in his life. As one ages, there is need to plan for the future since there are very many changes that take place. “Growing Old in a New Age” suggest that one should be prepared for changes such as in love and the sources one derives love from, to embrace their sexuality and create time for intimacy in the way one loves best. One should be able to cope up with loses such as of a jo
Introduction Since the beginning of humanity, women have never been able to enjoy equal status in society. The suppression of the female gender has always been present throughout the world, and its utmost presence in the global south has made many developments that could have been made in this field come to a standstill. The cultural and religious practices in the global south come with the expense of female liberty. Even though with many advancements in women studies and with the efforts of the human rights activist, women are now able to get recognized in the social, economic, and political circle of the world, however in the global south the women lack basic social, economic and legal rights. The level of these disadvantages the women face in these countries range from low to high depending on the urban and rural situations. Women face more hardships in the rural areas than in the urban areas (Chant, 3-5, 2007). The subordinate role of females in the global south enables minimal maintenance of their urban structure. They help in raising the children where there are no nurseries, they help in cleaning the homes and do all sorts of housekeeping chores where there are no servants available, they help in repairing homes and unpaid transportation of goods and materials and most of all they are there to raise the family as a whole and bring a cultured group of people in the society (Castells, 1978:177-8). Even though, as mentioned above, women do most of the household work and are responsible for producing more than half of the food in many countries in the global south, they still lack basic necessities of life. In this essay, it will be shown how women in the global south are deprived of their right, their right to even live. With various points put forward in defense of the main questions, which is “ Is development necessary to improve the situation of women in the global south ?” the paper will identify the need to make necessary improvements in these areas. It is definitely true that certain measures have to be taken in the global south in order to improve the condition of the women in these countries and therefore this study will put forward ideas which can be implemented to improve the situation. The situation of women in the developing nations The role of women in any society is considered as an important one as long as the developing nations are considered. The situation of the relatively weaker gender is quite strong in these countries, unlike the situation in the underdeveloped or the nations of the global south. Many NGOs and even the government is taking a keen interest in the research and development of women’s issues in these countries. As women play a very important role in the development of a family structure, which in turn is the basis of a civilized nation, therefore many international organizations are playing a very important role in developed nations to bring forward the changes required in order to give women equa
In the article “A function of the Social Settlement,” Addams (1899), argues that a group of people has stood out not to help solve problems facing society but rather to establish the extent of using the knowledge they possess. The group being discussed in the article refers to themselves as settlement. While this article has attributed social problems faced by the society having these settlements, the author has been limited to consider how they have aided in societal development. Addams further points out and defends this by figuring out how actions/deeds give possible and practical results than the idea contained in the theoretical aspect. However, the author fails to grasp the sequence of events involved in transforming knowledge into actions. A settlement belief is cited from the society’s norms and doctrines. Without having an idea of assembling the required tools to resolve a particular problem, even in possession of knowledge would be unhelpful and insightful. For instance, a lecture on astronomy would benefit the audience when presented in colorful slides to pass on the idea of our solar system compared to the analytical approach it (Adams, 1899). Knowledge is purely based on ideas, and the two are inseparable. The author claims that the settlement is susceptible to dangers of downfall due to their approach and stand on knowledge. However, in a broader sense, failure is quite unlikely to occur because of the integration of knowledge they have and the ideas they apply. The article has covered various social challenges modern society is faced with while dealing with the settlement. These challenges have resulted in the existence of different classes of people separated by their ideologies. However, the presence of this settlement, driven by an urge of deeds, has resulted in the birth of several research centers and education facilities. Future generation need to consider assimilating them to obtain skills meant for society’s development. Reference Addams, J. (1899). A function of the social settlement. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science , 13 (3), 33-55.
Abstract This study focuses on understanding the problem of local language communication in a multinational company management. The cultural context in which the subsidiary firms of multinational companies operate will help in understanding how local languages affect the business relations in MNCs. In this study, local language will be considered to be part of cultural aspects that affect subsidiary company management. The local language effect will further be narrowed to the customer communication and general relations in management of subsidiaries. This study will be a qualitative study on foreign multinational companies operating in Saudi Arabia. Probability sampling will be the major sampling method with questionnaires being the major tools of collecting data. These research methods and tools have been picked upon because they reduce chances of biases in research. Introduction Multinationals Corporations have increased in number and are projected to increase as business organizations continue to take advantage of globalization in enhancing trade. One of the major problems facing the management of expatriate firms in Saudi Arabia is the influence of local language in communication by multinationals. Therefore, the main objective of the study centers on assessing the influence and impact of local language in the administration of expatriate firms in Saudi Arabia. Arabic is the national language of Saudi Arabia, and research has proved that it takes a minimum of one year for a non-Arab speaker to learn and effectively communicate in Arabic language. The main question in this research is: How does local language affect the communicative relationship between staffs of subsidiary firms and the local population or customers of the company? The language vacuum between the expatriates and the local population can be a hindrance in furthering trade goals by multinational companies. They have dwelt significantly on factors that directly relate to business establishment. Literature review will help open up into the real challenges of local language communication by multinationals. It will also help in gaining a deeper understanding and exploration of the following questions:   * What is the effect of local language in management of subsidiary companies of multinational corporations?   * How do Multinational corporations deal with the local language barriers?   * How does the local language in Saudi Arabia influence the management of multinationals that originate from outside the region?   * What role does local language communication play in promoting business in Saudi Arabia?   * What challenges do expatriate staffs face when communicating with the local customers? Research Interes
This paper deals with the impact of wireless vulnerabilities on businesses and organizations which require its use for their daily jobs. Many companies use wireless to carry out their chores and which takes up a large part of their business. It is indeed important to secure the company’s databases and all other important data from illegal access by their contemporaries. The number of wireless users has significantly increased from a few million to around 40 million in recent years. The paper will enlist the various impacts faced by the companies which use wireless communications. Today’s markets have witnessed a huge augmentation in the usage of wireless networks. These networks have an ever-increasing demand in the market since they provide one of the best means to transfer data for commercial and other business purposes. The number of users of wireless has increased from a few million to a staggering 40 million. And are yet to increase, even more, looking at the amount of the ever-increasing demands of the upcoming firms. Wireless communication is even preferred to the wired systems, which are also widely used. But, wired networks are not always secured. It is very difficult to attain complete security in the case of wired systems. Not only that, even some wireless networks don’t guarantee full security against external threats. There are instances where the firms or companies suffer in their businesses due to the interference of some undesired sources. In the case of LANs, security is prevalent only when the distance is small enough to provide certain security and efficiency. Not only this, in the case of wireless networks, it is still a problem of assigning a separate and unique identity to all the users of the network. Every user must have an authentic identity. Also, it is a challenge regarding the use of wireless networks. The perimeter covered by the radio waves is a question. The coverage given by the radio waves cannot be determined easily. Not only this, the coverage is attenuated by the way the building is designed. The beams, heavily coated walls, and other structures stop the radio waves from entering the building, thus hampering the use of wireless technology and reducing efficiency. A very dangerous tendency of wireless LANs is that it sometimes propagates the data in outer space, as a result of which, the important information and data travel into space which can be intercepted by illegal users. This information can
Introduction This paper is aimed at examining the relations between sustainability and childhood obesity. In particular, it is necessary to show how childhood obesity can affect the community; for instance, much attention should be paid to its impact on the physical and mental health of many people as well as the functioning of various medical organizations. Overall, one can argue that childhood obesity is one of the main major threats to the sustainability of society because it can endanger the welfare of many people, at least in the long term; moreover, parents, educators, and medical workers should join their efforts in order to address this problem by changing children’s lifestyles and attitudes. This is the main thesis that should be discussed in greater detail. Discussion Overview It should be noted that in many cases, researchers and policy-makers focus on the problem of obesity while examining the experiences of people who are adversely affected by the effects of overweight. As a rule, one can speak about adults who may suffer from diabetes or cardiovascular disease; however, this problem takes its origins in childhood. This is why it is important to examine the long-lasting implications of childhood obesity since it can produce catastrophic effects on society. The critical issue is that the effects of childhood obesity do not manifest themselves immediately, but they can become tangible in the long term. Furthermore, one should pay close attention to the underlying causes of this problem. This information can be of great use to many stakeholders such as parents and educators who need to make children more knowledgeable about the risk of overweight. These are the main aspects that should be taken into consideration. The relevance of the topic The relevance of this topic can be partly explained by the fact that it affects millions of people in the United States and other countries as well. Therefore, the scale of this problem is one of the reasons why this issue should not be overlooked. Moreover, various problems caused by childhood obesity can significantly increase healthcare expenditures. Apart from that, childhood obesity can significantly impair the wellbeing of a person because it can lead to danger
Your Analysis Of The Negotiation While writing about the negotiation, there is a need to cite Ramundo (1994, p. 9) who points out that, ‘It is clear that the manager who applies negotiation concepts and techniques in the performance of his managerial tasks enjoys a competitive, career-enhancing advantage over his colleagues.’ The negotiation is taking place so that the theater WCT Company can strike a deal with POP Production Company involved in staging live entertainment to stage a comedy, Oceania that appeals to all ages. The deal is to structure that would be profitable to the theater company compared to its best alternative the ‘Five and Dime’ a product of UPSTAGE Production Company that only appeals to older audiences whose profit to WCT is estimated to be $100,000. It is worth noting that the deal will be co-production meaning that the theater company, WCT and POP Production will have to share the costs of the show as well as the ticket revenue. However additional prom catering will be taken by WCT while sell of merchandise such as T-shirts, Caps will go to the coffers of POP production.  1. List the items to be negotiated. If appropriate, feel free to go beyond those specified in the documents you received. (3 points)     There are a number of items that need to be addressed before the deal is structured and agreed upon.      1. How to share profit from the show      2. Lodging and meals issues while the crew is in town      3. Crew salary      4. Time the play will be staged (Number of stage play)  2. List the PERIPHERAL elements (other than positions and interests) which may have an impact on the negotiation and explain why. These may include (but are not limited to) emotions, feelings, relationships, cultural variables, etc. (3 points) While speaking about cultural negotiating behavior, I would like to draw your attention to Hendon’s affirmation (1996, p. 9) that, ‘The greater the cultural differences, the more likely barriers to communication and misunderstandings become.’ So, for this reason, one important element that might have an impact on the negotiation is cultural differences or variables. It is no doubt that each party in the negotiation comes from different cultural settings. As a manager for WCT, I understand that we exhibit an entrepreneurial culture which fully emphasizes on innovation as well as taking risk. However our counterpart on the other hand is characterized with maintaining loyalty, tradition as well as internal maintenance. This culture is consensual in nature. For this rea
Introduction The article looks at the relationship between the implementation of enterprise risk management, commonly referred to as ERM, and credit default swaps (CDS). The authors’ conclusion gave insight into how financial institutions can reduce the perils associated with the non-remittance of premiums. The introduction takes the reader through the article’s topic, elaborating on the significance of studying the relationship between administration and repayments. According to Lundqvist and Vilhelmsson (2018), ERM has proven to be a framework for reducing risks in management, not only in a holistic approach but also through an integrated one. The authors argue that an integral part of ERM is the improvement it brings to internal control and efficient governing in any given risk management system. The above assertions are realized when relevant stakeholders are forced to embrace better governance in addressing corporate failings and reported financial crises. Efficient organizations realize better revenues and profits compared to companies with incoherent leadership. According to Lundqvist and Vilhelmsson (2018), better governance is best realized through ERM advancement, as recorded in other research studies. The underlying argument is that ERM should create room for long-run competitive advantages by practicing best practices in administration. However, this is only realized through a holistic approach to measuring and managing a given institution’s risk. Additionally, for managers to own and implement the new procedures, organizations should provide lucrative incentives, necessary updates, and adequate information. Indeed, there is no doubt that motivated and prepared executives yield better results. The article established that ERM follows the principles of traditional risk management care systems. For instance, the ERM framework incorporates the necessary levels of perils identification alongside hedging. It further incorporates risk governance in management which has three elements: organization, structure, and monitoring (Lundqvist & Vilhelmsson, 2018). Furthermore, the article acknowledges the need to have a competent Chief Risk Officer. In that line, the article’s objective entailed uncovering the presence of the relationship between default risk and the level of extent of ERM implementation in any given organization. Addressing the above objective saw the article complemented in empirical scholarly works previously done on the effects of ERM implementation in a firm. However, it is worth noting that previous studies have paid attention to the total value effect that ERM implementation has on Tobin’s Q. The article asserts that previous studies have proved that a well-implemented system will greatly reduce the overall cost of capital. However, as for the current research, Lundqvist and Vilhelmsson (2018) shifted their focus towards a specific channel impacting value: minimized default risk. Indeed, this was a noble course when it comes to comprehending the process by which ERM creates value. M