ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The described fantasy organization puts a particular emphasis on the aspect of job satisfaction. Its management considers it critical to address this problem in an appropriate manner, creating a favorable environment, and ensuring the conditions essential for the employees to feel satisfied with their job. The organization management assigns a high significance to the job satisfaction issue – it assumes that the high satisfaction level determines effective performance and elevates the commitment level. At this point, it is essential to note that the organization management believes that the connection between job satisfaction and organizational commitment is very strong. This point of view is widely spread in the management community. Hence, for instance, Aamodt (2014) points out that satisfied employees show a high commitment that ensures their continuous employment for the organization (p. 360). Analysis Likewise, the management assumes that maintaining satisfaction in the employees helps to prevent absenteeism and turnover that have a negative impact on the organization’s growth. According to Aamodt (2014), dissatisfied employees are more likely to show a careless attitude to their responsibilities, and be absent from work without any reasonable excuses (p. 380). As a result, the organization constantly carries out the research that studies the key factors that determine the employees’ satisfaction level. The research is performed with the help of surveys, interviews, and observations. It helps to find out what job elements are particularly important to the employees as well as what factors make them feel unsatisfied. The organization believes that there is a series of factors that are relatively stable in their impact on job satisfaction: wages, atmosphere, growth prospects, and clearly put expectations. As a consequence, it puts a particular focus on addressing these factors. It is essential to note that Silverthorne also points out such aspects as rewards that he considers to be a powerful determinant of job satisfaction in employees (p. 171). Hence, the organization pays due regard to its reward
Introduction The US economy plunged into a recession, with the real GDP growth rate falling to -3% in 2008. The Obama administration passed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA 2009) in response to the financial crisis caused by the disappearance of the $5 trillion household wealth of the country in just 12 weeks (Carter, 2012). It was a reactionary policy that aimed to counter the effect of the Great Recession and boost output, consumer spending, and employment. It is expected to increase consumer spending and bring the economy out of the recession. However, the relationship between government spending and unemployment, which was presumed to be negative by the Obama government, was less apparent to many. Various studies have been conducted using econometric as well as modeling methods to establish a relationship between government stimulus and employment growth (Matthews, 2011). However, none of the studies has conclusively stated if the stimulus measure by the US government successfully increased employment. Economists have an opposing opinion about the success of the fiscal stimulus. This has raised many questions regarding the relationship between government spending and the unemployment rate, in general. Therefore, in this paper, I will try to establish a relationship between government spending and the unemployment rate. For this purpose, I will first study the theoretical underpinning of the relation and then assess it using US government spending and unemployment rate data from 1960 to 2014 (BLS, 2016; CBO, 2015). Multiple linear regressions are used to understand the relationship between government spending and unemployment rate and then move on to see the relationship between the two as observed from the data analysis. Theory According to Keynesian theory of effective demand, when the aggregate demand and supply do not intersect, prices change to bring them to equilibrium, creating an employment trap (Skidelsky, 2010). Effective demand theory postulates changing output and income can equilibrate aggregate demand and supply (Skidelsky, 2010). This makes the economy stuck in the underemployment equilibrium. The theory of income and employment multiplier showed that demand must increase in a depressed economy in order to increase employment. Intuitively, sales expectation of a given stock of capital creates anticipation of employment and output. In other words, these are expected returns from new capital goods. Since demand is a function of investment in dynamic economies, employment will consequently depend on long-term expectations (Skidelsky, 2010). According to Keynes, expected uncertainty about the future is the main cause of economic crisis. As the financial crisis in the US was caused due to the wrong risk assessment, the key to the elevation of the problem is better risk-management. Thus, the measure fo
By considering such a profession as a crime scene investigator, then for practical work, it is necessary to present oneself correctly. In addition to professional skills, this is facilitated by the image that an individual creates for himself (Anim-Danquah, 2018). The essence of the image phenomenon is the priority of personal qualities over everything else. This is the basis of the “personification effect. The three most important characteristics for the personal image of an investigator:   * Communication qualities and skills . More than 75% of an investigator’s work involves communicating with people, suspects, and offenders (Anim-Danquah, 2018). Therefore, communication qualities, abilities and skills, the very nature of communication, the ability to establish good contact, and benevolent relations with partners in touch are vitally important. In addition, the profession is connected with communication with criminal elements or, on the contrary, with people in stressful and affective states (Anim-Danquah, 2018). The necessary communicative qualities will contribute to building trust and a formidable, respectful appearance of the investigator in front of criminals.   * Intellectual qualities . The investigator must show himself in the eyes of colleagues and management as a person with deep, solid knowledge in his specialty, versed in all the intricacies of his field, having a professional intuition (Anim-Danquah, 2018). In other words, he should be a professional with great intellect and erudition.   * Emotional and volitional qualities . When creating an image, an investigator must make deliberate efforts, so a mechanism of voluntary regulation plays an essential role in this process. Emotional-will qualities combine such mental states as emotional stability, anxiety, empathy, and non-conflict (Anim-Danquah, 2018). It is necessary to understand that an investigator must work in harsh conditions, observing difficult and pressuring situations, which should not confuse him. In other words, in no case, a professional should not lose competence and coolness. Thus, summing up all of the above, it should be noted that image is naturally a part of a person’s image. It includes corporeality, psychology, and sociocultural factors (Anim-Danquah, 2018). In other words, the concept of image is connected both with external appearance and with the inner content, his psychological type, whose features meet the demands of time and society.
Executive Summary South Africa is the leading economy in the African continent. It gained its independence in 1994 from the Dutch who had took over power from British government in 1910. The country is the focal of Africa. It was the first African nation to host FIFA World Cup in 2010. This country has the highest number of languages considered by the government as official (eleven languages). It has varied cultural background because of the numerous tribes it has. Some of the cultural values are prohibitive to specific type trade, while others are supportive. The political environment of this country has been very stable. The political class has been very supportive of foreign investments in various fronts. This has seen many firms’ growth. The legal system is also very welcoming to foreign investment. There are a few formalities that any foreign firm may need to take. The process of getting the trade permit is simple and short. The economic structure of the country is another factor that makes this country attractive to foreign investment. Although there are a few individuals who are super rich, having amassed most of the country’s wealth, the other populace is still economically viable. The best approach to get into this market is to adopt target marketing technique. Each market segment should be determined based on their wealth and cultural values that affects their purchasing habits. Brief overview of country and main issues South Africa is the leading economy in the entire continent of Africa. It has a population of about 51 million people. According to a report by Tarp and Brixen (1996, p. 78), South Africa has a strong economy when compared to other countries in this region. This can partly be attributed to the fact that this nation gained its independence from the British rule as early as 1910. Although the Dutch remained in power, they took citizenship of this country and as such, the resources of this country were not taken away to the European countries. Another factor that has ensured that this country has a strong economy is its rich natural resources. South Africa is the world’s largest gold exporter. Gold is a very precious metal and it fetches good money in the international market. Other sectors of the economy are also equally developed. The country has the best infrastructure in Africa, especially after hosting the 2010 FIFA World Cup. The transport sector was upgraded, and so were other sectors like communication, banking and other social amenities. The country has some of the best harbors in this region (Best 2009, p. 98). Since the time the blacks took over power in 1994, the country has relatively been peaceful, sa
Introduction “A sport is defined as an organized, competitive, and skillful physical activity that requires commitment and fair play. A sport is always governed by a set of rules or customs.” (Garnet, 23) Over the years many sports have been developed as recreational and professional activities where the athletes make a living. The use of sports and the development of mass media have facilitated the growth of professionalism in sports. “This has created some friction where by the money is seen as more important than the recreational aspect.” (Sport business International ) The entertainment side of sport has seen exemplary sports men and women elevation to celebrity status. Currently, sporting events have been turned into business opportunities, some claim that the changing “of sports to make them to make them more profitable leads to the loss of certain valued traditions.” (Garnet, 30) This paper seeks to establish the business side of sports with particular reference to the National Basketball Association (NBA). Background The NBA was “launched in 1949 as a small basketball league that people had little interest in.” (NBA Business/Basketball business) The league has now grown through leaps and bounds to be one of the best sporting events in the world. The league has solely marketed basket ball as a favorite sport for many sports lovers across the globe. The league started off with 8 teams but now boasts of a 30 team strong event. “The sport has had several superstars including George Mikan, Michael Jordan and Yao Ming just to name a few.” (St Petersburg International Economic Forum)The NBA has featured several successful teams which have become household names. “Teams like, Minneapolis Lakers, Boston Celtics, Houston rockets and Chicago bulls” among others have produced great players who have been instrumental in the commercialization and development of basket ball as an entertainment magnet. (NBA Business/Basketball business) Other sporting activities have not been left behind, soccer; the world’s most popular sport has had a more or less history. The sport is adored by many fans across the globe that keenly follows the progress of various leagues that are played around the world. The most popular soccer events include the FIFA world cup, the English premier league, the Champions league, confederations cup and the African cup of nations among others. Other important sporting activities that have had a tremendous development include: track events including short distance races, long distance races, marathon among others; rugby, especially the growth of the IRB series circuit; American football; hockey; swimming and racing sports among others. NBA as a Business The near fanatical following of the sporting events across the globe has facilitated the development of the business side of sports. The rapid growth of the mass media has facilitated the live broadcasting of sporting events making them available to most fans across the globe. The development of internationa
Peplau’s interpersonal relations theory is one of the most known in nursing practice and discusses the importance of communication between a nurse and a patient. During my clinical hours in Primary Care, I had a chance to see how it works in practice since it was my task to make the patient trust me enough to communicate his problems. Striving to improve communication with my patient, I turned to Peplau’s theory to understand how I can better interact with the patient. Peplau states that interviewing skills are essential nursing tools and that nurses should show compassion and a desire to help others (Peplau 1997). Initially, the patient was reluctant to discuss with me his medical problem, that of frequent urination. It was the orientation phase, and my task here was to show that I was willing to help and listen if he felt like talking. Slowly, the patient began to have a sense of belonging and lose his earlier fears. In the next phase, orientation, the patient became more confident and able to discuss the problem after I assured him of my complete discretion. He began to trust me; discussing the medical side of the issue made him feel more confident. Then, in the exploitation phase, the patient made full use of my services. We worked together on the problem and built up the therapeutic relationship needed to make swift progress. The patient relied on me, and I did my best not to let him down. Later the patient was discharged with significant improvement. In the communication process, the patient and I formed a partnership to solve the medical problem and beneficial for both sides. The patient lost the feeling of hopelessness and became more self-confident; I was assured that I could successfully help others which gives me the greatest joy. Reference Peplau, H. E. (1997). Peplau’s theory of interpersonal relations. Nursing science quarterly , 10 (4), 162-167. Barner, C. (2012). Social media and communication . Sage.
Abstract The Cuban Missile Crisis is certainly one of the few extreme cases that have brought the world to the brink of a thermonuclear war. The true record of the actual events that transpired have for a long time been kept a secret. However, with the declassification of government documents concerning the event, it has become necessary to rewrite history. This rewrite will enable proper consolidation of information and provide a more accurate account of the Cuban Missile Crisis. Cuban Missile Crisis Study The 1962 Cuban missile incident was an event of great historical importance. It was termed the Cuban Missile Crisis, for it saw two super powers brought to the brink of war due to their differences in view of Cuba possessing nuclear weapons. The United States of America (U.S.A hereafter) and the United Social Soviets Republic (U.S.S.R hereafter) are the two nations that were at loggerheads. The crisis received extensive media coverage, and as a result, much documentation was made concerning the crisis. However, these old literature concerning the crisis have proven to be inaccurate, insufficient as well as unreliable as new information, hitherto classified is made public (Allison and Zelikow, 1991). In addition, the older publications and other newly published works that relate to this topic are biased as they were written based on the author’s political inclination. The authors base their publications on one aspect of the crisis and neglect the others. As a solution, consolidation of the previously classified information, memoirs and other documentation concerning the crisis can give invaluable information to enlighten the public. Credible sources are used to obtain data relating to the crisis and incorporated into one document which covers the entire topic. The research being proposed has many other related works. These works entail all aspects of research, with information being retrieved using all possible approaches and methodologies. Books and other related publications that have been published since the 1960s when the crisis arose up to present day documentation of the crisis. The older publications that have existed for more than two decades between 1960s and 1970s fail to analyze the crisis adequately. Literatures such as ‘Conversations with Kennedy’, ‘The Burden and Glory’ and ‘American Journey’ are samples of the very first books published on the crisis. Most of the earlier works that discuss this topic lack accuracy and the in depth analysis of the crisis. New works published that relate to the topic have had an upper hand over the older publications due to lack of declassified information. This information was recently made public and has given the old
Annie Hall is one of the most popular comedy films in Hollywood. Its popularity not only transcends from its themes but also from prestigious awards that the film has scooped from the industry. It is one of the comic films that won four major awards in Hollywood. Woody Allen used the film to highlight the issues that surround love and romance in the contemporary society. As described by the star, Annie Hall is a romantic comedy that reveals the issues, which affect intimate relationships between individuals of the opposite sex. The star of the film exhibits theme elements when he falls in love with Diane Keaton, who acts as the female costar in the film (Eagan 90). Based on this information, this study therefore seeks to analyze the contents of the film, theme, and effects of music in the film. Themes and Content One of the key themes in the film is a necessity and absurdity that are associated with love. Alvy manages to conquer Annie’s love and reveal how love can be ridiculous and fleeting but at the same time very essential in life. This point is exhibited when the star of the film subscribed to the idea that relationships may be absurd but are very important for an individual to lead a healthy life. To this end, Alvy Singer is also worried about relationships and, therefore, consults the pedestrians on the key elements of a successful relationship (Bailey 124). Alvy portrays the complications that are inherent in modern relationships when he tries to reflect on his past relationships with his two ex-wives. Despite the fact that star vowed to love the two women until death separates them, he could not understand what made him break the vows. The same case applied to his relationship with Annie when both of them decided to ignore the effects of connection between them (Eagan 92). Assessment of the content of the film reveals that the element of love has been used to highlight the transformative aspect of art. The aspect of transformation is a common feature of love in real life situation (Bailey 123). For purposes of compatibility in their relationship, both characters transform their behavior to ensure the success of the engagement. Annie exhibits the willingness to adopt new lifestyles after falling in love with Alvy. A character such as Rob also embraces transformation when he decides to move to LA and adopt a new lifestyle. The main characters in the film, Alvy and Annie fall in love. However, their relationship is short-lived, since the two separate even before the end of the fil
Abstract The paper looks at the relationship between tourism and economic development through a holistic lens. It was found that tourism leads to economic development in host nations through job creation, the multiplier effect, infrastructure development and improvement of business conditions. In certain circumstances, however, tourism may undermine economic development through tax increments, inequality, inflation pressure and environmental problems. Economic development also sustains tourism by taming foreign exchange fluctuations, enhancing the cost of living, creating a sustainable business environment and offering high quality goods and services for tourists. Since tourism and economic development are codependent, it was suggested that governments should promote tourism in order to foster economic development. Investors and government bodies should also work on their economies in order to create a sustainable business environment for tourism. Introduction Tourism contributes to the GDP of developing and developed nations tremendously. Stakeholders need to know how this occurs in order to increase its effects. On the flipside, the success of tourist activities also depends on the economic situation of a country, so governments need to work on this aspect, as well. How tourism translates into economic development Tourism increases revenues earned in a country. For instance, if a country receives approximately 1000 tourists who spend $ 100 daily, then the country could enjoy $100,000 increases in daily revenue. If the country can sustain that expenditure over 3 months, then it can enjoy approximately $9,000,000 worth of revenue over that period. Consequently, retail centers, amusement parts, hotels and other recreational industries will enjoy part of that 9 million. However, since businesses need to purchase imported supplies then perhaps 30% of those earnings would be used to offset that income. The remaining percentage remains in the country and facilitates creation of tourism jobs or profits enjoyed by entrepreneurs. Therefore, a country would develop its economy if it invested in the tourism industry (Stynes 3). Aside from direct revenues, there is multiplier effect that arises from tourism as an economic activity. After receiving the above mentioned amount of revenue, tourist employees in the concerned country will use the amount they earned from wages and salaries to purchase services and goods. As a consequence, more businesses in the nation will benefit from the tourist activities. Jobs will also be created for those ind