ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Benefits and Downsides of RFID There are a number of benefits that accrue from the use of RFID chips in the fashion retail industry. First, fashion retailers are now able to track their supplies and restock their clothing racks more quickly and effortlessly due to the chips’ capacity to provide great stock visibility. Consequently, retailers in the fashion industry are able to know exactly where each garment is located and what needs to be replenished in real time. Second, the successful application of the technology has resulted in a marked reduction in the number of employees used to take inventory. This brings substantial costs savings for firms within the industry due to the tags capacity to decrease the dependence on a large team of employees in inventory taking. Third, fashion retailers within the industry are now able to manage their inventory in record time and hence benefit from the competitive advantage resulting from the firms’ capacity to ensure customer needs and expectations are met in time. Lastly, in the fashion retail industry, the RFID chips can be reused after removal from the items at checkpoint, hence enabling firms to save on costs while achieving the benefits related to effective inventory management. Although the article fails to expressly state the downsides that may accrue in using the RFID chips in the fashion retail industry, it is evident that RFID systems are undeniably expensive due to their immense reliance on hardware, software, evolving architecture and intense management. This means that the chips may be expensive to deploy in the short-term, but their return on investment (ROI) may indeed be substantial in the long-term due to the noted benefits. The second downside relates to the rapid shifts in technology. Here, firms often make immense investments in a particular RFID syste
New Jersey Assembly Bill A1206: “Requires restaurants to maintain supply of epinephrine and permit trained employees to administer epinephrine on-site to persons suffering from anaphylaxis” was introduced in 2018. It is sponsored by the Democrat Representatives Arthur Barclay and Benjie Wimberly. The bill aims to ensure that restaurants maintain a supply of epinephrine to be administered in case allergic patients suffer from anaphylaxis. This research paper will examine the bill, the ethical and advocacy issues related to the policy, perform a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis on it, and finally, suggest ways in which it can be improved. Summary The bill explains that restaurants carry a high risk of causing life-threatening anaphylactic attacks. Since a variety of allergens can be present in the food offered, whether due to a chosen dish’s ingredients themselves, or cross-contamination due to a large number of things being cooked in the kitchen, a customer might unknowingly ingest something to which they are allergic (NJ A1206). This is a life-threatening situation that can be easily resolved by an injection of epinephrine, commonly available in the form of auto-injection devices. Therefore, it posits that keeping a supply of this medicine and providing employees with training in its use is prudent. Examination A1206 aims to serve people with food allergies, particularly mentioning those who are unaware of said allergies. A survey by Gupta et al. (2019) claims that 10.8% of the US adult population suffer from such conditions. Furthermore, a study by Baloh, Winger, Shankar, Fajt, and Green (2016) points to only 62% of adults and 86% of children with food allergies carrying epinephrine. Radke et al. point out that “nearly half of reported fatal food allergy reactions over a 13-year period were caused by food from a restaurant or other food service establishment” (2017, p.1). Finally, according to statistics, “the estimated incidence of fatal food anaphylaxis for an individual with [a] food allergy is low and adds little to overall mortality risk” (Turner et al., 2017, p. 1172). Nonetheless, when discussing possibilities to avoid fatalities, even low chances are not to be ignored. Therefore, there is a significant likelihood that one might not have the medicine available, and a supply maintained by the restaurant can resolve the emergency situation. Another benefit is relieving emergency services workload, since the restaurant’s authorized employees can administer epinephrine before an ambulance arrives. However, since emergency procedures for anaphylaxis still require the patient to be delivered to an emergency room, this will not necessarily cause a significant reduction in the number of calls. Overall, A1206’s benefits are obvious, but they can prove to be minor and inefficient when considering the cost of implementation. The bill is weakened by the fact that, in its current form, it does not clarify the source of funding for restaurants’ policies. Therefore, one can assume that it will incur additional expenses on the business owners
Article 1 The first article to be reviewed is titled “Impact of clinical registries on quality of patient care and health outcomes: Protocol for a systematic review”. In the article, Hoquem et al. (2016) examine the impact of national and regional clinical quality registries (CQRs) on patient outcomes and healthcare efficiency. The authors use such methods as PRISMA-P, checklist, and inclusion/ exclusion principle to support their findings and conclusions. The aim of the research is to respond to the need for a cost-effective system that is able to enhance the quality of care and improve patient outcomes. Thus, CQR is viewed as an effective information technology tool for a clinical setting. The register is defined as “the file of data concerning all cases of a particular disease or other health-relevant condition in a defined population such that the cases can be related to a population base” (Hoquem et al., 2016, p. 1). The registry, in its turn, is described as “the system of ongoing registration to the register” (Hoquem et al., 2016, p.1). Clinical registries are used to collect and systemize medical data from patients observed at or admitted to a healthcare facility. The article provides adequate evidence to prove the effectiveness of CQRs. For instance, the study conducted by Stey et al. in 2015 demonstrated the increase in the quality of surgical care after the implementation of clinical registries (as cited in Hoquem et al., 2016, p. 2). Additionally, the application of the Registry for Ulcer Treatment (RUT) in Sweden resulted in a decrease in unnecessary antibiotic treatment from 71% to 29% (Hoquem et al., 2016, p. 2). Overall, the study concludes that clinical registries might supply valuable performance feedback and positive outcomes, ensure the quality and efficiency of care, and decrease the treatment costs. Article 2 Another article concerned with the impact of clinical systems on outcomes and efficiencies is “The digitization of patient care: A review of the effects of electronic health records on health care quality and utilization”. The scholars investigate the effects of the adoption of electronic health records (EHRs), its benefits for medical care, and financial implications. The article defines the EHR as a “digitized medical chart” used to “gather, manage, and share digital information” (Atasoy et al., 2019, p. 488). The adoption of EHRs facilitates the search and access to patient data by healthcare professionals, helps to avoid medical errors, and increases performance transparency. The study offers sufficient evidence to support the positive impact of EHRs on patient care efficiency and outcomes. The work provides an “interdisciplinary overview and synthesis of literature, drawing on work in public and population health, informatics, medicine, management information systems, and economics” (Atasoy et al., 2019, p. 487). For example, the research by Buntin et al. conducted between 2007 and 2010 demonstrated that 62% of studies mentioned positive consequences of EHR adoption, while 30% reported “mixed results with positive overall findings” (as cited in Atasoy et al., 2019, p. 490). Moreover, according to
George Orwell’s Homage to Catalonia is devoted to the events of the Spanish Civil War which began in July 1936 and finished in April 1937. This was a complicated political and military confrontation between the opposite camps. During the time of the Second Spanish Republic, a huge group of people rebelled against the elected government and started a military struggle; two big opposing forces, Republicans and Nationalists, were formed. Francisco Franco, supported by Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, and Portugal, overthrew the Republic and captured the power. The plot of the work represents a narrator as a journalist which comes to Spain to observe the military events of the Civil War but is nevertheless involved in the struggle. This corresponds to the real events which took place in George Orwell’s life. The narrator feels the overall spirit of revolution dominating in Spain and enters a militia unit of POUM (Partido Obrero de Unificaciun Marxista) which fights against
Sales department Optus Company, being an electronic products seller ought to have an efficient sales department that can meet sales targets. This is taken into consideration bearing in mind the industry in which this company operates that depends on how a company is able to adapt to the changing environment and win customer satisfaction. The sales department is structured in a way that, everything concerning sales can be done through online procedure (Yes OPTUS 2). This is a strategy to reach all mobile user customers on a global scale. The sales department has developed a special website for any one willing to purchase a headset from the company to access it. The procedures are clearly displayed on the web page for customers to follow from the initial ‘sales’ button to the end until the product is purchased (Paul Budde 4). The payment mode together with the delivery process is accomplished. Therefore, the department can be said to be more of a decentralized structure than a centralized one since customers are able to access the company’s products from everywhere in the world. The department targets both internal and external customers. The products are sold to the customers with allowances attached to them to reduce the sales price in order to generate more sales for the company. Internal customers can easily access the products without using online procedures while external customers are recommended to use online mode (Renai 6). This has reduced customer traffic in the company’s main outlets and operating costs involved. Some of the mobile products offered by the company include Black berry, Samsung, LG and other mobile phone accessories. Marketing departme
Introduction Discrimination is an evil that has been affecting nations and organisations for years. It can be defined as an act that denies some people the right to enjoy some privileges and participation in particular social activities. In other words, a particular class of people is treated in a way that is not acceptable due to their country of origin, religion, disability, or sex, among other reasons (Vandenhole, 2005). Discrimination affects the victims to the extent that they are not able to participate fully in a group, or they are not able to behave the way they should in the group. In most cases, the groups of people who are discriminated are the minority in the society. This article will focus on discrimination in the United States of America and the policies that have been passed in a bid to end discrimination. It should be noted that the United States of America is among the countries that have had the most cases of discrimination. For instance, the black Americans were not treated equally compared to the other Americans during and after the slave trade era. Basis of discrimination The black Americans were discriminated by being denied a number of rights. For instance, they were denied the right to education and religion, as well as the freedom of speech. They were discriminated on the basis of their skin colour. Having originated from Africa, the black Americas were viewed by the white Americans as slaves and people who were not supposed to access any rights. The black Americans found their way to America during the time of the slave trade when Africans were taken to America to work as slaves. The African Americans have been treated as minorities in the society since then (Goldman & Corrada, 2011). The main reason for being discriminated is the colour of their skin. They are associated with apes; therefore, they are seen as if they are not complete humans. The black Americans have been fighting for their rights since the 16 th century. Formation of movements to fight for the rights of black Americans has characterised the struggle against discrimination. One of the well-known movements is the American Civil Rights Movements, whose genesis can be traced back to the year 1783. The movement was in the front line in fighting for the rights of the African Americans. The movement lobbies for the social, economic, and civil rights of the African Americans. The role of African Americans in the military has also been debated in the fight against discrimination. The Civil War was a turning point for the Afri
Although globalization has advantages, it has been associated with negative impacts. Globalization has led to many problems such as terrorism and the financial crisis, among others. People can now move from one country to another easily. The world has become a global village. Therefore, communication has improved because people can communicate easily from distant places. These advantages have led to the emergence of many crimes. Terrorism is a major crime that has been facilitated by globalization. In this paper, I have provided a case of my friend who died during the September 11th terrorist attack in the US. In 2001, the country experienced the worst terrorist attack from the Al-Qaeda group. The terrorists moved from their home countries, and they planned the attack successfully because globalization allows people to travel easily. The 19 attackers were believed to relate to Al-Qaeda suicide bombers. The Al-Qaeda Group was led by Osama bin Laden. The movement of the attackers was enhanced by globalization. Globalization has encouraged people to communicate even from distant places. Therefore, the attackers could coordinate the attack from different countries. I lost my friend during the 2001 terrorist attack. It was a sad event because many people died. I had a conversation with my friend just a few hours before the event, and he sounded well. Everyone was frightened when the news about the terror attack spread. The information about the attack was shocking, and many people responded to help the victims. I called my friend later to confirm if he was safe. The phone was switched off, and I became scared. Later on, it was revealed that my friend was among the people who had died during the attack. This was the saddest moment in my life. I lost my friend, with whom we had spent many years together. It was a bitter experience, and I felt helpless. After the incident, I bl
Introduction “Country Lovers” and “What It’s like to be a Black Girl” are literature pieces, which focus on social issues within the society. These issues include racism, slavery, social struggles, prejudice, gender, and freedom from social injustices, which result from inequalities within the society. This paper will give a detailed evaluation of the poem, “What It’s like to be a Black Girl,” by Patricia, and the short story, “Country Lovers,” by Nadine. The paper will examine the form, content and style applied by the authors of these works. The two masterpieces act as a clear indication that every society struggles with its identity. This is illustrated by the experiences of the characters featured in these works. The members of the society seek to identify with what they see in a person. This gives an account of why the two authors take time in their work, to address the issue of race and culture. It is clear that racism is an ideology that is based on the complexities that face every society fighting with acceptance, and social differences that exist among its members (Clugston, 2010). A comparison and a Contrast in “Country Lovers” and “What It’s like to be a Black Girl” The “Country Lovers” is a short story, which critically examines love that is threatened by racism in a colonial society. Here, we find a society that is fighting with the challenge of managing the difference among its races; that is, the whites and the blacks. It is mysterious to see how the story manages to bring out the issue of racism among its characters. Each race struggles with superiority problems, but it is clear that the differences did not exist from the onset. This is demonstrated from the quote that, “ ….farm children played together when they are small; but once the white children go away to school, they soon didn’t play together anymore.” This even raises the question as to whether it is the school that induces the concept of social hierarchy. It is clear from the story that racial segregation is within the education system, because the white children go to different schools from the African children. It is also clear that the schools for the Africans, who are regarded as blacks, do not offer quality education because the black children have a childish vocabulary, while that of their white counterparts is described as superfluous (Shaffer & O’Donnell, 2011). “What it’s like to be a Black Girl,” is a poem that brings out the issue of racism in America. It takes the form of a narrative, and the author shares the tale of a young black girl; specifically on what she goes through as she tr
JP Phentar case presents a complex construction initiative that presupposes a plethora of various nuances. Due to the unique nature of the project, there is a need for the establishment of an effective managerial framework. In this paper, the most effective information-gathering and analytic tools will be chosen and discussed in relation to JP Phentar’s case. Project Activities for Monitoring The complexity of the project is based on several factors that dictate the choice of tools for their management and monitoring. One of the most crucial aspects of the construction project is the quality of work. In this case, it could be logical to assume that Peter is an expert in construction projects and saw a multitude of similar works being done. Therefore, with a high degree of certainty, he possesses the required knowledge to define quality. However, the technical details that might be elusive to all but highly specialized professionals would likely require a tailored managerial approach. Another issue that requires control is the timing. As mentioned before, the project is rather complex, and delays that might arise due to construction issues could offset the deadlines. Another problem could concern the rising costs of construction. The project could take many months to complete, and the prices for materials may change. Therefore, the estimation needs to be managed with the utmost care. In addition to that, the Phentar’s house project presents a combination of different jobs ranging from design to construction and furnishing, which presupposes a range of different contractor firms whose schedules and the task might overlap and offset one another (Wilson, 2014). Thus, this complex house project requires effective information-gathering and analytical tools. Information-Gathering Tools Team meetings are one of the most widespread and popular managerial tools for gathering information about the project. The essence of this method is in assigning specific dates on which teams that are responsible for assigned tasks gather and present information about the results of their activities (Marchewka, 2014). The tool is rather versatile and can be fine-tuned for every project that involves teamwork. Weekly team meetings are a two-way process that helps managers receive relevant information but also allows the
Introduction Organisational behaviour refers to the study of various persons working within an organisation together with their behaviour within the context of the operations of an organisation. Organisational culture refers to the values and norms that define the personality of a particular organisation. There are different forms of organisational culture. Organisational culture of some organisations encourages bureaucratic and hierarchical forms of management while encouraging democratic forms of management in other businesses. The different approaches have merits and demerits. This paper does not only focus on discussing organisation and behaviour from the context of the approaches of organisational management style. It also presents the two aspects from the context of the relationship between organisational structure and culture, approaches to management and leadership, ways of using motivational theories in organisations, and the mechanisms for developing effective teamwork in organisations. Relationship between organisational structure and culture Organisations are made of diverse people in terms of cultural affiliations. These differences may influence the success of an organisation in that they may create different organisational cultures, which are not consistent with the goals, objectives, and missions of the organisation employing them (Jacobides 456). This challenge calls for managers to look for mechanisms of creating an organisation culture that appreciates the cultural diversities of all people through the development of an organisational structure that provides equal opportunities for all people working in an organisation amid their diversity affiliations. Such culture is organised around the common organisational objective. In this effort, the top-down and bottom-up structure of organisational communication is imperative. With regard to Griffin and Moorhead, managers utilise about 75 to 80 percent of their total time in communication (15). In the context of the need to organise people in an organisation around a common culture, this finding is imperative since a lot of communication is required in the process of creation of a common culture. Organisational culture is developed to ensure that an organisation achieves certain preset goals. One of the most important goals is gaining competitive advantage through fostering creativity and innovation. Gaining competitive advantage through innovation and creativity requires an organisation to give a room for the incorporation of employees in decision-making processes together with their involvement in design phases. This requires the adoption of a democratic structure of organisation. It is based on the realisation that organisations such as Hawk Car Company (a Swedish car manufacturing company) considered changing their organisational structure to foster organisational culture to provide a room for creativity and innovation through knowledge and information sharing. Before the implementation of change, organisational culture of Hawk Car Company encouraged bureaucrati