ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The game plan will basically involve the following phases. Preparation Phase The Ministry shall be known as Sheepfold Ministries. Before setting up this ministry, there are things that have to be done putting into consideration that it is God directed. After deciding the name that I am going to use, I will pray about it so as to know God’s will as the word of God tells us that people are normally destroyed because of lack of knowledge and vision. It is therefore important to have vision, education and training as some ministry opportunity takes even months. Legal Considerations is an integral part in any ministry and will be considered seriously. This will include articles of incorporation that will give me a legal entity from which I will work from. State license is also important and it will to be applied for. This phase involves assessment and building of support teams. Assessment basically deals with assessing the areas of need in terms of evangelism, preaching and teaching. This will involve visiting different parts of the country while meeting different people who are already serving God in these capacities. Just like any organization, paper is very important and in order to be on the right side of the laws of the state, then all legal documents that are required will be processed at this stage. The ministry’s goals and objectives and how to best achieve these goals and objectives will be determined. I will get in touch with Christian youth leaders, pastors, Christian women leaders, bishops and other relevant men of God who will be instrumental in the development of this ministry. Building a Support Team is important in order for the ministry to be stable, effective and efficient. The team should have God fearing people who are devoted in prayer. This is a step that takes time to build and fulfill and the larger the number of intercessors, the larger the ministry will be. This is where the battle begins and where spiritual war fare is done (Pikele, & Metuele, 2008 and Ogwelole, 2005). Planning Phase This phase will involve putting into place the assets and capital for the ministry. The organizational structure will be established just as in the Old and New Testament where there was structures of leadership. The planning phase of the ministry will mainly involve funding, testing of the ministry and communication. Funding forms integral part of any ministry and therefore it is a concern to all that will be serving in the ministry. Funding will therefore form one of the prayer items so as to seek God’s intervention. Testing the Ministry is important because God’s timing is different from our own timing and sometimes we may think that it is the right time yet it is not. God’s opportunity does not always remain open and this lives us with the option of prayers so that god can direct us on when to roll out the ministry. It is therefore important to test this ministry just as Paul wro
Introduction Critical thinking originated back during the times of great Greek philosophers like Socrates and Clausewitz. Socrates used logic in his quest for reason and wisdom while Clausewitz viewed critical thinking as the strength of the mind. Currently, various definitions has led to misconceptions of what really constitutes critical thinking. According to Guillot, critical thinking is “the ability to logically assess the quality of one’s thinking and the thinking of others to consistently arrive at greater understanding and achieve wise judgments” (2004). Basing on this definition, critical thinking is simply a logical assessment of internal and external dimensions of our thinking. This essay is going to apply the elements of critical thinking to the report of September 11, 2001 concerning the attacks on the United States. The purpose The purpose is one of the elements of critical thinking which assesses our thinking and actions in a given situation. Assessment of the purpose is very important to a critical thinker to avoid self-deception on thoughts or actions (Guillot, 2004).The purpose of the 9/11 commission report is to explore terrorists’ threats and give out the appropriate recommendations to the United States government to be implemented. Then report has both the right and the false purposes in trying to address the problem of terrorism. The right purpose of the report is to explore humane ways of addressing terrorism threats world wide like preventing the continued of Islamist terrorism, protecting against and preparing for any terrorists attacks (The 9/11 Commission Report, 2005). The false purpose is of attacking terrorists and their organizations because critically thinking demands that the government should not be a terrorist in order to fight terrorism. If the government can prevent and prepare for any terrorist attacks, there will be no threat of terrorism to the United States Government and its citizens. The question There are three ways of looking at critical questions depending on their continual use, the need to ask and answer at the right time and their interrelationships in the identification of the real problem. The main objective of critical thinkers is to institute whether the point in question is about addressing the right issue or not. Three types of critical questions exist; questions about facts, preferences, and judgment. Questions of facts have definite answers while questions of preference have indefinite answers. The questions of judgment are complex to answer and require critical thinking (Guill
Multinational corporations (MNCs) are an essential component of modern business environment. However, despite widespread adoption and numerous economic benefits, MNCs have raised many concerns in the recent decades. The current paper outlines the evolution of multinational corporations, identifies their main positive and negative effects on world economy, and outlines the main arguments in favor of their regulation by the international community. Evolution of Multinational Corporations Multinational corporations, also referred to as multinational enterprise, are organizations that conduct their operations on a global scale by owning or controlling the production in one or more foreign countries. Thus, the main principle behind MNCs is the ability to maximize profitability of a corporate entity by leveraging economies of scale. According to this simplified definition, it is possible to assert that at least some of the events in early history of humanity can be considered examples of MNCs in their most primitive form. However, the majority of scholars agree that imperialist ventures that emerged in Western Europe in the sixteenth century are more appropriate examples since they share several important characteristics, such as a corporate origin, reliance on international trade, and use of regional characteristics to leverage profitability. The most evident examples of these early MNCs are British East India Company and Hudson’s Bay Company, organizations created to facilitate trade and colonization. It is worth noting that at the time, these ventures’ main purpose was to expand the territories of their home countries through land acquisition, which essentially made them the main instrument of colonization in the era. Interestingly, the cultural and socioeconomic effects of these activities were acknowledged and prioritized, leading to the perspective where overseas expeditions were viewed as agents of civilization. Most historians agree that overseas trade in the colonization era had profound effects on economic, social, political, and cultural development of host countries which can be observed even today (Cawthorne). The onset of industrial capitalism in nineteenth century was another major milestone in the development of international organizations. Technological advancements in the domains of manufacturing, the shift towards factory-based production, and the improvements in the fields of communication and transportation provided the stakeholders with additional opportunities for profit generation. At this point, foreign direct investment, the practice of issuing control over manufacturing process in host countries, has become a mainstay of MNC framework at this point. The development of effective and inexpensive communication systems strengthened the control over the activities in host countries, thus solidifying the concept of MNC in its current form. By the end of the nineteenth century, it became apparent that the scope and scale of MNC activities became unprecedented, with certain industries displaying concentration of transactions in international trade. In the U.S., the
There is a widely held opinion among many art historians, theologians, and cinema critics that the film “Chocolate” has presented a rather unorthodox or even distorted image of Christianity and Jesus. This movie has aroused a storm of protest among people, who belie that this film does not reflect the main principles of the Christian faith. Moreover, it misinterprets the very concept of good, established in the Christian tradition. Perhaps, it would be better for us to present scientific views as to this issue. In addition to that, we must present theological views as to Christianity, its conception of God, and of course Jesus Christ. For instance, we may take such work as “A Brief Introduction to the New Testament” by Bart Erhman. The author believes that the New Testament allows various views as to Jesus Christ. We may perceive him as the authoritative son of God, the vindicated son of God, and even the misunderstood son of God. Moreover, even, the concept of God may have various interpretations; he may be seen as a judge or compassionate father (Ehrman, 222). Amy Levine in her book “The Misunderstood Jew” also argues that many of Jesus Christ’s ideas were misinterpreted (Levine). Our main task is to show how these ideas are reflected in the film “Chocolate”, comparing the views of the main characters, Vianne Rocher and Comte De Reynaud. Perhaps, it would be better for us to give some background information as to this movie. The plot of this film mostly concentrates on the life of a young woman Vianne Rocher, who arrives at a small village in France with her little daughter and opens a small chocolate shop. Her arrival drastically changes the life of the village. However, the main character is viewed by some people (Comte De Reynaud) in the village as a highly immoral person. Analyzing the relationships between these two characters, we should mention that De Reynaud is described by the narrator as the person who “through good times and bad, famine and feast… held fast to their traditions’” It does not occur to him that some of his principles may not be correct. This character represents rather conventional views as to Christianity and Christ. He is indignant at newcomer Vianne because he believes that some aspects of her behavior are highly immoral. The main reason for it is that her confectionary enterprise contains some erotic elements. For instance, this woman helps other villagers to awake or probably reawake some relationships with one another. The main problem is that Comte De Reynaud views them only from the sexual point of view; he fails to see that they also involve spirituality. In his view God, God is some kind of omnipotent judge, who will eventually punish every sinner during the Day of Doom. Certainly, we cannot say that his view is entirely wrong, but he can see only this aspect of Gods nature. As regards the image of God, we can say that the makers of the movie try to show him as compassionate, omniscient, and loving. “Chocolate” emphasizes the main idea of Christianity, that
The discussion provided by Mihir A. Desai entitled “The Decentering of the Global Firm” is a rational approach toward the contemporary flow of companies in the worldwide strategy of globalization. The work is structurally well-composed with points on the argumentative base of the theme outlined. Moreover, the ability of the author to use direct examples according to each peculiarity in the provision of worldwide policy by major players in the world arena is colored with the assumption of his thorough observation of how business is promoted in the present time in contrast with the previous times. All in all the flow of the author’s thoughts is built in a rather comprehensive key so that to identify the main reasons for “decentering of a global firm” with peculiar actions provided by its administration. The paper briefly reviews the work by Desai in terms of whether a multinational firm with a particular national identity and a corporate headquarters fixed in one country is obsolete today, and what factors should be taken into account while arguing this issue. With regards to the active use of information systems and high technologies, the implementation of strategic management with its risks and advantages seems in the article one of the main prospects for decentering of large companies. There are several reasons which state the necessity of global transformation in a firm with a national identity. Among them are: taxation conditions in different countries, labor costs, proved reputation of a country according to financial activities, close location to financial, transportation and other hubs or centers, etc. It is vital to define what reasons drive the corporate structures of the major companies in their spread of headquarters and subsidiaries? There is a need for a strategic management departmen
Introduction Entering new markets is a challenging process for many multinational companies. Much attention should be paid to specific cultural environments typical of a target country to develop effective partnerships and selling procedures (Jobber 537-538). The purpose of this report is to discuss how such culture-related concepts as Guanxi, the avoidance of loss of face, and self-reference criteria can influence the process of selling in China. Synopsis Multinational companies are interested in entering the Chinese market, but they can potentially face a range of challenges. Firstly, there is a wide gap between different social classes in the country, and the situation of an overall social unease is observed. Corruption is also typical of business relations in the Chinese context. Secondly, bureaucracy and the level of governmental involvement in business activities are high, influencing companies’ operations in the country. Thirdly, China is characterized by a high level of diversity of its population, used dialects, climate zones, as well as the social and economic status of citizens. Also, business relations in the country develop according to cultural norms and principles that are unfamiliar to Westerners, but these particular aspects should be taken into account. Thus, business dealings are usually regulated according to the principles of developing Guanxi networks as a system of personal contacts used by the Chinese for promoting their business (Jobber 542-543). Furthermore, Chinese people usually avoid the loss of face, and they spend much time collecting data regarding the issues to discuss when developing business relations. Analysis Implications of Guanxi Networks for Doing Business in China The success of doing business and selling in China depends on the development of wide Guanxi networks that represent personal connections allowing an individual to resolve business issues and organize deals. Therefore, those Chinese business persons who have wider Guanxi networks have more opportunities to succeed in the market because of receiving support from their Guanxi (Jobber 542-543; Wang and Hsung 22). To organize effective Guanxi networks, Chinese people are expected to exchange gifts and favors to promote and support their specific relationships. As a result, if a foreign company wants to enter the Chinese market, there is a risk that it will be not as successful as its local competitors because of the lack of Guanxi networks. It is a prolonged and complex process to develop Guanxi, and before selling in China, the managers of a certain company need to build strong relationships with partners and other stakeholders in the country in the form of Guanxi (Wang and Hsung 34). Thus, multinational corporations need to develop Guanxi at different levels, including the governmental, industry, and market ones to make sure they will receive the support of the local community and succeed in resolving legal and economic issues. The Avoidance of Loss of Face When focusing on selling in China, it is also important to emphasize the significance of the “face” concept in this culture. Chinese p
Audience for Terrorist Propaganda Terrorism is considered a global common in the sense that it affects both state and non-state actors in the current international system. A number of non-actors prefer the use of terrorism in trying to force the government to provide what they want. In this case, terrorism is a communication tool that is effectively employed in fighting for the rights and freedoms of the minorities. Ivory (2007) noted that terrorism is radical in nature and its actions are mainly unlawful, as the perpetrators often attempt to settle political crises through violence as witnessed in the Middle East and East Europe after the Second World War. The aim of any terrorist action is simply to notify the government and other actors of their capabilities, as well as passing an important message to the people. Terrorist organizations vary in their demands, scope, and membership since some are huge organizations that operate globally while others are locally owned. Whichever the case, terrorist messages are targeted towards their followers with an aim of ensuring compliance and enforcing loyalty. For instance, religious extremism, which is mainly targeted at youths, is aimed at intoxicating the younger generation with certain information that would probably change their ways of reasoning given the fact the young people are easily manipulated. Audience for Government Propaganda Any government is charged with the responsibility of ensuring its citizens enjoy their freedoms and rights effectively. In this regard, it has to update members of the public in case of a disaster such as terrorism. The government has to offer adequate security to citizens because this is its main role and whenever terrorists strike, the government officials have to update them on the steps taken to improve the situation. In other words, the government has to spread propaganda to neutralize the powers of terrorist who pose a serious threat to state sovereignty. State and non-state propaganda The aim of terrorists, especially those concerned with religious extremism, is to attract the attention of the state and other members of the public. Through this, Hill (2003) observed that the aim of terrorists is to influence the views and opinions of the public. On the other hand, the government circulates propaganda mainly t
A hero in the society can be defined as an individual who is admired and emulated by everyone because of his superior virtues and character that the culture or the society has. A Hero has virtues and attributes that are adored, valued and desired by many. The ideals of a given culture are determined by the social –cultural conditions of a society or can also be greatly influenced by the views and the perceptions of the author. The motivations and the actions of a hero greatly determine the society view towards them. The Iliad is one of the ancient literatures that date between 900 and 750 B.C. The events took place in the ancient Greek Bronze Age. During the time, the Greek region was filled with strife and there was need for strong men to provide defense to the community. One of the heroic acts was to become a great warrior who feared nothing. In the Greek Dark Age, most of the rulers were the warrior class and they had to show the ability to defend the land and its populace. In the Iliad, the two main heroic characters were Achilles and Hector. These two were drawn from the two main armies, that is, the Greek army and the Trojan army. These two warriors share some commonalities as well as differences (Samuel 5). The two heroes share some common features that distinguish them as heroes. Both were great warriors from both sides. The two warriors were strong and had high confidence in themselves. During the duel between the two warriors, they were confident that they would beat each other. The two warriors were also men of honor and had pride. Hector refused to retreat when ordered by his father Priam while Achilles decided to avenge the death of Patroclus . Both warriors also wanted glory and everyone to respect them. Another similarity is that both warriors are faithful to their family and friends. Achilles decides to forget his differences with the Agamemnon so as to avenge the death of his friend. He also wept bitterly for the loss of his friend Patroclus (Samuel 25). The Ilaid also shows a number of differences between the two warriors. Prince hector is viewed as an epitome of the humane warrior and a fierce fighter. He is courageous and even fights the Greek giant Ajax. He is humane and is portrayed as been a father and a loving son to his aging parents. He also loves to his wife Andromache. On the other hand, Achilles is depicted as a rough cruel and unmerciful warrior. He only has her mother and Patroclus his friend. Even though hector pleads with Achilles to allow him get a decent burial, Achilles kills hectors and drags his body on his chariot as a sign of dishonouring and disrespecting him. Achilles is mostly portrayed as a man of rage and furious. His anger towards the Agamemnon made Achilles to stop fighting for the Greeks and decided to fall back (McKenzie, 6) Unlike hector, Achilles fights for the glory and honour of his name. He has excessive pride and has no regard or love for his countrymen. This
Introduction Since the origin of the universe man has always existed as a community due to various reasons. It is always said that no man is an island. People have a tendency of forming groups or communities that range from small group such as the family set up to a large one such as a country or a religious group. Different communities arise due to different reasons such as common interests or common challenges that they face in life. I have been an international student for more than two years and I have interacted with other international students as a community. This paper explores the international student as a community. International students as a community International students that come from all over the world to study in the United States have very many challenges. These challenges are usually the origin of the international student as a community. We have similar challenges such as adapting to the culture of the host country, language barrier, religious conflicts, and constitutional rights among others. One of the things that bring us get together as a community is culture conflict. We live in a community where culture is totally different from our homeland in terms of dressing, meals, language and even religious beliefs. This often demands that international students from the same country come together to form a community. We usually have arrangements to meet with other student from different colleges who come from the same country and get to share about our challenges, experiences and even fantasies about our lives in foreign land. These are usually the happiest times when one feels at home with people who you share common origin. International student community is best felt when the international students from the same country meet during cultural shows that are usually organized from time to time. An example is the wonderful Chinese culture night that happens once in a while in different parts of the country. International students from China are always present to remind themselves of their beautiful culture and also to meet with other Chinese people. When we meet we usually have a very wonderful time dancing to Chinese music and also sharing traditional delicacies with other Chinese students. International student community can be seen in the college set up wher