ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Management entails all processes involved in gearing an organization into achieving its set goals. This includes the management of all resources related to the business. Managers play a key role in guiding the organization towards meeting the organization’s objectives. An organization could be a learning institution, banks or any entity with an outlined leadership system. Managing people and an organization can be a tedious task. However, this can be simplified by going through procedures that would help in its effective running. Managing an organization involves the planning of its activities, organizing, leading and controlling. The planning involves setting of goals and strategies that would be used in accomplishing them. Organizing involves distribution of tasks to be done, how they are to be done and reported to whom. Leading entails motivating employees for the achievement of goals. Controlling involves correcting and measuring activities by the employees. The management of people in an organization is usually done by the Human Resource department (Hank, 2010). How the article relates to managing people and organizations The concept of hiring Hiring is the process of recruiting a new employee to an organization after going through successful steps and requirements. This process is done to have an appropriate number of work forces in the organization, which would reduce the strain felt by other employees. The hiring process has a direct impact on the management since fully equipped and skilled recruits would have a positive influence on the running and the accomplishment of goals. Most organizations go through long processes and consume too much time while looking for skilled and qualified applicants. From the article, Hank Stringer has clearly stated that for a successful recruitment of employees, a carefully planned hiring process is to be put forth by use of the right technology. Steps involved in hiring The first step is the advertisement of a vacancy in section of the organization. With the advanced technology, Hank Stringer, suggests the use of an applicant tracker system by interested applicants. This system searches for matches from resumes to vacancies available. After identifying applicants, the human resource department sends emails and a qualification questionnaire to the latter. This questionnaire enables easy short listing of applicants with no much involvement of the organization since the process is automated. The article provides an example of an automated response. The online questionnaire filled enables the hiring board to short list applicants, who in turn receive emails thanking them for the interest they have on the organization. They are also informed to be patient as they go through other steps of searching for talent. A sample of a follow-up response via email is also given in the arti
Introduction Coraline is a dark fantasy novella for children written by Neil Gaiman. The book features Coraline, a girl who moves into a new house with her parents. Coraline is unhappy with her new life because her parents are always busy, and the surroundings are not as exciting as she expected. One day, the protagonist finds a door that leads to a different world. There, she has to deal with mysterious creatures and discover her strengths and weaknesses. The setting of the book is most frightening and otherworldly, and the narrative is full of vivid descriptions of unreal places and characters the protagonist meets. Though the story describes mysterious circumstances, it covers real problems: the author touches upon different themes, such as childhood, home, trauma, and hope. These problems are represented through the images of the girl’s imprisoned parents, the witch kidnapper, the trapped souls of children, and the unreal world itself. Main body The problem of trauma is reflected in multiple challenges Coraline has to rise up to. Moving to a new house is an unpleasant experience for her; she has already explored all the surroundings and is dissatisfied with boredom and lack of her parents’ attention. Coraline deals with uncomfortable situations both in the real and the unreal world. However, the author shows that even a traumatic experience can positively influence one’s personality. As the story progresses, Coraline finds out that she can overcome every difficulty. She shows a great deal of courage and determination by saving her parents and the kidnapped children and by finding a way to deceive the Other Mother at the end of the story. In the scary world behind the mysterious door, Coraline is confronted with dangers. However, the girl turns out to have a courageous and optimistic personality. Coraline constantly tries to find hope and motivation: she tends to remind herself that she is a brave and curious explorer in this unknown world. The girl even comforts the scared cat and her ghost friends, and therefore, she is the embodiment of hope in the story. The theme of home is one of the key issues reflected in the novella. Being dissatisfied with her new life, Coraline is first amazed by the different world: her impostor parents treat her in the best way and even cook her favorite food. However, Coraline soon understands that this house and these parents are not her real family. After her scary adventures, Coraline realizes that her real parents are the most important people in her life, and her home is where her loved ones are. Coraline’s attitude changes significantly as she returns home, and starts seeing her life in a positive way. All themes considered, it is possible to say that Coraline’s childhood beliefs were connected with exploring the world and living a life full of fascinating adventures. Coraline is curious by nature, even though in many cultures adventurousness is associated with boyhood. The reader or the mediator may find Coraline an absolute fantasy if their cultural attitude to childhood is connected with dependency on adults and incapability of making decisions. Nevert
Introduction/Background on trade Trade and development relate considerably. They are able to influence the fates and providences of each other. Modern techniques of transportation, transactions, and communications have enhanced the growth of international trade. Records retrieved from GATT, WTO, OPEC, and other international trade organizations have shown tremendous relationships between trade and development (World Bank 364). This report discusses how trade can be a pro-developmental provision and the relationship between the two groups. Usually, the relationship between a country’s trade and its economic development has always been a subject of interest. For example, developing states possess strong trade relations with other countries globally. Views of Different Schools of Thought According to Adam Smith in his classical theory, free trade often leads to efficient use of a country’s resources. Contextually, it is important to agree that free trade improves economic performance by increasing competition of the concerned entities. Current prospects for a new WTO agreement are to enhance international trade by uplifting probable barriers, which the GS would like to keep. Different parts of the world will fare well while Africa will benefit through magnificent developments. Additionally, various countries should embrace the aspects of specialization and division of labor in order to enhance their output. For example, it is agreeable that trade and development are linked either positively or negatively depending on how a country establishes and utilizes its trade opportunities. Trade triggers the aspects of development since different entities can attain their respective developmental needs through it. Numerous countries have attained their developmental ideas and materials through integrated trade and other relevant provisions. It is possible for a given country to attain what it does not produce through trade (Greenaway 49). For example, these provisions have been supported by GATT/WTO, OECD, OPEC, and other prominent organizations established to promote the aspects of global trade and other concerned provisions. Different hypothesis, theories, and models Numerous theories exist in order to unveil the relationship between trade and development. Additionally, there are particular theories that explain various aspects of trade and development. These have helped in relating the two factions together and enhancing the relationships alleged between them. Additionally, hypothesis has been formulated to trigger viable research regarding the alleged relationships. It is important to enhance the aspects of trade and development in order to propel the prosperity of the concerned countries, regions, and organizations. Theoretically, trade enhances development in various organizations, regions, and countries. This is a critical concern when scrutinized critically. It is from this context that the entire business prospects and ot
The development of Islam was at its peak between the 11th and 12th centuries as it was a Golden Age that lasted from the 8th century to the 14th century. Syriac and Arabic languages were recognized as public during those times, and many documented facts and theories were translated into these languages (Al-Hasani 2). Nowadays, respect for Islam is lost, and past popularity does not exist. Islam spread very quickly, and it occupied almost half of the world, saving a great legacy. In the 11th and 12th centuries, the connection between religion and governments was stronger in Islamic countries than in Europe, and religious leaders could advise government representatives (Al-Hasani 3). Later governments started to gain more power, and religious leaders’ advice was no longer needed, but their roles stayed important only until the end of the 12th century. These days, the attitude of other faiths to Islam is very tense and radicalism is increasing, and such factors support this negativity as a huge number of planned terrorist operations created by Islamic extremists. For instance, according to Chaney and Church, the largest terroristic operations done by Islamic people are “911”, the San Bernardino attack, and the Orlando murders at a nightclub (25). A minimal part of the Islamic side lay in hatred of the faith, and the innocent people who adhere to their beliefs are suffering from negative external pressure. Moreover, stereotypes and discriminations restrict Islamic people from participating in the political life of the world. The development of Islam gained momentum and had a chance for a stable existence in the 11th-12th centuries. However, inevitable factors have changed the idea of faith in the present and improving the current position can take an enormous amount of time. Radicalism defines Islam as an ardent faith in which people are willing to do anything to maintain their importance to the world. Works cited Al-Hasani, Syed Mahbubul Alam. “Learning Instituted of Pre-Islam and Their Transformation into Formal Madrasah in 11 th Century”. Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies , vol. 3, no 2, 2019, pp. 1-9. Chaney, Cassandra & Church, Wesley T. “Islam in the 21 st century: Can the Islamic belief system and the ethics of social work be reconciled?” Journal of Religion & Spirituality in Social Work: Social Thought , vol. 36, no. 1-2, 2017, pp. 25-47.
Executive Summary The effects of globalization on Today’s business ventures continue increasing with time. All (sporting) business entities, whether private, public or non-governmental, need to establish and posses an edge that distinguishes them uniquely from their related opponents. The edge should be something that will make them more interesting and appealing to both the media and the public. It is from this perspective that the author developed this report for the London Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games (LOCOG). The report’s main aim rested on helping in the raising of LOCOG’s international profile and boosting its future targeted share of the market. In achieving the stated aim, the author incorporated the following as the key sections upon which the report was build on: To start with, the author tackled the introduction section that did present a review of important literature on the topic. This was followed by a critical analysis of the effectiveness of LOGOG’s current marketing practices. In this section, 5 concepts were discussed in detail and their application by LOCOG assessed by the author. Succeeding this section was the identification of the current 5 challenges facing or likely to face the organization in achieving its marketing objectives. Following this, the author identified 4 technology oriented opportunities that can also be maximised by the marketing team. This was followed by a discussion of recommendations that can be implemented by LOCOG’s marketing to achieve success. To sum up, the author provided a brief summary of the discussed findings in the conclusion stage. Introduction The Olympics Games are global arenas that attract forth the best world athletes and large spectator audiences. This is important since it is a recipe for cooperation and unity of different groups of people across the globe. For this reason, Olympics have won the powerful marketing function which is contrary in the ancient past when the event was considered a political platform where different ideologies were propagated. The trend in ideology ceased in the 20th century as the sporting event took an economic turn (McLoughlin & David 2010). For that matter, marketing and advertising become practices that were prioritized to enable generate considerable profit from this mega sporting event. Tellingly, the sporting activities related to Olympics have become an occupation, a lifestyle and a great source of entertainment. Based on this, marketing functions are therefore fundamental to ensure that these sporting activities generate great profits for the organizers and hosting state. Moreover, it is also imperative to acknowledge that sporting activities plays most considerable role in people’s social life around the globe hence the mass media has been forced to cover these events on large scale modes. Nonetheless, it is important to affirm that in the current times, it has become imperative that marketing function be applied smartly to assure maximum revenue turnover from events of the Olympics magnitude. As a matter of fact, each year, executives an
Introduction During the course of this research, I will be able to understand the factors that were responsible for the promotion of feminism in China and the various stages of feminism that were a result of the efforts made by the government, scholars, and various movements. During the middle of the 19 th century, when feminist activities were at their peak, several scholars and psychologists were against the idea of giving women the same rights and privileges as men. They argued whether women were basically similar to men or different from them. The main contention was on the biological differences that men and women had. The arguments heightened when several feminists favored the idea of giving women special rights such as right to take part in a ballot, purchase assets, address gatherings, and attain higher studies. The reasons given by the anti-feminists for opposing such a move were very absurd; since a woman’s brain was small, she could not attain higher studies. In China, feminism had its roots implanted during the Qing period. The worst thing that Chinese women had to go through was that they were subjected to foot-binding. But their ordeals started to diminish after the end of the Qing dynasty and the subsequent advent of the concept of globalization. The idea of feminism gathered momentum during the 20 th century when globalization and modernism were the need for achieving progress. During the ensuing years, there were several movements (such as New Culture Movement and Chinese Communist Revolution) wherein women’s liberalization was given importance. Chinese feminism in the 1990s was involved seeking more positions in political parties and overall freedom for women. Feminists also sought equality in employment opportunities. The late twentieth century was a period in which feminists tried to develop a form of feminism that was not influenced by the Communist Party’s idea of feminism. The Communist Party had supported the socio-economic feminism which started earlier in the twentieth century. The Chinese government repressed the form of feminism that had developed in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Globalization provided ideas that were useful in dealing with the repressive state. As a result of globalization (in the 20 th century), China experienced several changes in its political and social standards. Globalization can be considered to be a global assimilation of knowledge, goods, thoughts, technologies, cultures, and manpower. During this time, the Western nations were already under the impact of feminism. When, due to globalization, organizations ventured into China, they brought with them the idea of feminism. Though the idea of feminism was existent in China at that time but the advent of global companies expedited the process. Globalization brought ideas on the kind of feminism that was supposed to be developed in China. It brought great relief to Chinese women in terms of social life such as marriage, right to inheritance, and place of work. Obviously, such a move change
Gopher IT is a business owned by a family with different members of the family engaging in running of the business. It is described as a family business because it has the majority of voting power controlled by the family. It comprises one of the world’s dominant types of businesses (Davis 2001). Roles of the Family Members in the Governance of Gopher IT The owners hold more than one role in the business. They have different positions as managers and directors. There are also non-family managers who are treated equally as family managers because the company has set up good employment policies for everyone. This has made all employees to be motivated. The management of Gopher IT is strictly under family members. There is also a board of directors. Membership of board of directors is mostly reserved for the family members although it is given also to non-family members who are trusted. This ensures that most business decisions are made by the family members (Le Van, 1999). Gopher IT is owned by husband and wife. Laura Welch, who is the wife, is the general manager who oversees the running of the company (Stempler 1998). She handles all purchases, opening and closing of the office every day. Jack Welch, the husband, is the Sales and Marketing Manager. He creates promotional activities, monitors sales and distributes all marketing materials Chris Welch, their son, is the Financial Manager. He is responsible for finance, payroll, accounting taxes, billing and matters related to budgets. The non-family managers are operation manager and human resource manager. The operation manager is in charge of daily operations. The human resource manager supervises employees and his roles include hiring and firing of new applicants. There is good governance in Gopher IT so as to instill discipline, prevent conflicts, and the business may continue to grow. To achieve this, the company communicates its vision, rules and regulations and facilitates decision making and sharing of ideas among all members. The structure of Gopher IT governance has been well documented in a strategic plan. It comprises policies and values of the business. It defines the roles of the key players of the family business (Sahlman 1997) Employees are their in-laws, cousins and non family members who finished school recently. Gopher IT activities The family business offers personal services to people and it is located in the downtown of Boston. They saw that people’s schedules were demanding hence the business motive was to increase the leisure time for peop
Just like adults, children are able to develop emotional and behavioral issues that may result from various impacts. Usually, such impacts come from the environment surrounding a child on a daily basis – their family. Young children tend to spend most of their time interactive with the family members who play a critical role in shaping their views, attitudes, habits, and behaviors. That way, the presence of conflicts within a family is most likely to make an impact on a child’s psychology and cause problems that would require professional treatment and therapy. This paper explores one of the most common therapies applied to children with behavioral problems – filial therapy. First of all, the theoretical aspect of this approach will be described in detail; secondly, a case study of a child with behavioral problems will be provided; finally, the case will be analyzed from the perspective of filial therapy applicability and ways of assessing and addressing the child’s issues. Filial Therapy Overview Filial therapy is also known as play therapy; naturally, this approach is based on play and can be applied in many cases to resolve various issues in children, as well as adults. When used on children, filial therapy does not include the child alone but focuses on the relationship between a child and their parent (Landreth, 2012). For young children, play is a natural activity that serves as the source of learning and explorative experiences (Thomas, 2011). It is beneficial because it provides a child with an ability to develop such skills as creative problem-solving, practical and critical thinking, flexible decision-making, social interaction, and collaboration (VanFleet, Sywulak, & Sniscak, 2011). Most importantly, play is enjoyable for the children and ensures that all the learning and adaptation is practiced in a pleasurable and fun environment which improves the effectiveness of the activities. In filial therapy, a child is an unrestricted participant who is provided with space (a playroom) and equipment (toys and materials) necessary for play and is allowed to use them in any way desired ( Filial Therapy , 2016). An adult is the one to analyze the play, become a welcomed participant, and view the activities as a child’s way to communicate (VanFleet et al., 2011). The role of the therapist is to educate the parent and guide them through the play sessions. Case Study Parker is an 8-year old student whose teachers repetitively report his behavioral issues. According to the teachers, the child is inattentive during classes, tends to “zone out” in tense learning situations (such situations involve performing individual tasks in front of the class and completing tests with complex assignments that require focus). The teachers also notice that Parker has a habit of repeating what they call “a routine” – a series of movements and behaviors tha