ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The main character of Frankenstein by Mary Shelley was sure regarding his uniqueness: “A new species would bless me as its creator and source; many happy and excellent natures would owe their being to me” (42). The reason is that Viktor Frankenstein was a young scientist obsessed with the idea of creating a unique living creature by referring to science and alchemy. Still, he cannot love this monstrous human being, and this fact leads to disastrous consequences (Cengage Learning 7; Seal 84-86). This novel represents the key characteristics of Romanticism through accentuating isolation from society, the focus on exploring nature, and the freedom of desires and feelings (Chase 165-166; Varner 137-138). Viktor, a Romantic character, chooses alienation as his path in the world that leads him to misery, and he develops as an irresponsible scientist who does not realize his duty. Alienation in Shelley’s Novel In Frankenstein, alienation is discussed through the perspective of sorrow and despair for the main characters. Although Viktor was brought up by loving parents, he always wanted to isolate himself from other people to focus on science (Gottlieb 127-129). Viktor states: “I must absent myself from all I loved while thus employed” (Shelley 117). These words accentuate Viktor’s focus on himself and his desires that later determine his path, leading to more obsession with science and creating a new living being, as well as to more alienation while being locked in his laboratory and conducting experiments. Viktor’s alienation further leads him to despair because of creating the monster, but Frankenstein’s creature also suffers from isolation because he cannot be opened to society and accepted by it (Nesvet 348). More about Frankenstein In Frankenstein, Who Cares for Victor When He Is Stricken with a Fever? 5 526 Which of the Conflicts in Frankenstein Drives the Story Forward? 5 1307 Why Did Frankenstein Create the Monster? 5 2314 How does Frankenstein End? 4.6 6342 Why Did Victor Decide to Become a Monster Girl Maker? 5 66 What Is the House of Frankenstein? 5 56 His first experience of interacting with people is described the following way: “The whole village was roused; some fled, some attacked me” (Shelley 83). The creature that wants to be loved faces the cruelty of the world that makes him become even more alienated and concentrated on revenge. Responsibility in Frankenstein In addition to making him and his creature be isolated, Viktor does not accept the idea of duty and responsibility for his actions because of his inability to understand what it means to be responsible for the creation. Being focused on a scientific aspect of creating, Viktor ignores his duty as a creator and a “father” (Bloom 22; Halpern et al. 50; Nair 78). As a result, the creature is forced to ask: “How dare you sport thus with life? Do your duty towards me, and I will do mine towards you and the rest of mankind” (Shelley 78). In this context, Viktor understands his duty only after hi
Introduction This is a report about Mali. It focuses on a range of issues, challenges, and controversies that Mali faces as a developing nation. It also highlights how actors and interests affect the country’s development. Mali is a West African landlocked country. Over the last 20 years, Mali has strived to develop a stable democracy after the coup that toppled Moussa Traoré. Amadou Toumani Touré (ATT) ruled the country in a way many observers claimed was stable. However, in 2012, Mali has experienced a coup twice. This situation has made the country unstable for investments. According to the African Report of 2011, Mali has over 13.3 million people (African Report 1). About 33 percent of people live in urban areas. The country’s GDP (gross domestic product) was approximately US$ 10.98 billion in 2011 (see fig. 1). Figure 1: Mali Profile, 2012 from the African Report, 2012 Before the general election of 2012, many citizens and professionals believed that the new president would bring stability to the country. They presumed that the new president would tackle the issue of neglected policies and act tough on elements of Al Qaeda that reside in the Maghreb in the northern part of the country. This group is responsible for several attacks on government establishments. Also, there are also Tuareg militias in northern Mali. These groups present serious threats to the security of the country. Recent Developments The African Economic Outlook report notes that the real GDP grew by 1.1 percent. The primary sector recorded a growth of 5.8 percent. The secondary sector had a growth of 8.3 percent while the tertiary sector recorded a growth of 3.8 percent. A forecast had predicted a growth of 6.9 percent based on good yields from agricultural sector rising prices of gold (Reuters 1) in the international markets. However, the unstable political environment has negatively affected these gains (African Economic Outlook 1). The growth in population has increased consumption. Consumption increased by 2.8 percent during the year 2011. This was due to pay rise among civil servants and increased employment in other areas of the public sector. In the last five years, the government of Mali has endeavored to improve the northern part of the country through road construction. It has spent over “$1.4 billion on road projects, which covers 227 kilometers from Bamako to Ségou” (African Report 1). The aim of this project is to reduce the marginalization of northern Mali. The Chinese contractors are also working on an airport at Kayes. This will supplement the main airport at Bamako. There are also developments in power supply in which the government aims to supply power to iron-ore and gold mining areas. These power projects will provide additional 84MW to the national grid upon their completion. The dams shall also supply agricultural water to nearby farms. Prices of commo
The company is well prepared to establish, ratify, and embrace change. Besides, a considerable percentage of employees have already accepted the need for change. This is a critical step when scrutinized critically. It is important to adopt viable change mechanisms to ensure that an organization meets it periodic goals. For a company to achieve positive changes, acceptance is the first provision demanded in the change ratification processes. Every stakeholder must accept the need for change as demonstrated in the case. This is a crucial provision when considered comprehensively. Those who are against the current situation (acceptance) hardly succeed in their fight for change. This occurs due to inadequate dynamism, readiness, and well-orchestrated change provisions. It is important to establish credible dreams for the desired change. Many challenges are faced by those who are trying to bring change in an organization. Through the mentioned change acceptance, the studied company will open up by experiencing the need for some credible changes. Consequently, the company will continue to expand in the realms of operations and other considerable developmental provisions. Agreeably, employees of the concerned company have proved that they have some considerable approaches towards change. That is why many have embraced it. Statistics also indicate that many employees in the organization have made the first move towards change. From the graph, there is high level of production. The company has managed this through cutting costs. This was achieved by getting rid of some unessential activities. Additionally, they have also managed to do away with some operational costs. However, the change in the company is impressive because there is improved rate of processing and increased reliability. In the nonproductio
The Franklin Fan Company experiences significant problems with finding an effective forecasting technique. This issue is essential because it makes it impossible for the business to meet the customers’ needs. It often results in the fact that long-time clients complain of late shipments. This information demonstrates that a practical option is to consider using an alternative forecasting technique. The given business brief will comment on the existing forecasting system being used by the Franklin Fan Company, suggest some improvement to the approach, and offer a new forecast for each month of the next year. The case study under analysis shows that the Franklin Fan Company uses ineffective planning. It is so because the Production and Purchasing Managers report that they tend to reduce the demand figures that the Marketing Manager gives to them by 10% to generate their production schedule. Simultaneously, it is worth noting that the predicted demand also fails to reflect the real state of affairs in the market. The Marketing Manager, Ron Adams, explains that higher figures are used to prepare for an upcoming demand increase that is likely to occur in a month. Thus, it is reasonable to mention that Adams consults external managers and uses past data to forecast the demand. According to Rheude (2020), this approach can be called the Delphi technique that focuses on expert opinions. Even though the given method can result in some advantages, the Franklin Fan Company does not meet any benefits because the forecast data are challenging, and the company fails to follow them. The information above demonstrates that the company requires some improvements. Firstly, it is reasonable to ensure that a forecasting technique focuses on customers. Since the company has many long-lasting clients, it is appropriate to organize a survey to contact them and identify their planned demand (Sardarni, n.d.). Secondly, it is also necessary to focus on previous information regarding the company’s performance. It refers to the fact that the Production and Purchasing Managers decreased the proposed demand by 10%, and they typically coped with meeting the demand except for the end of the year. This information means that the Marketing Manager’s actions to prepare for the increased demand are only justified for the last months of the year. Thus, it is possible to use these data to offer a forecast for window fans for 2015, and Appendix A mentions the predicted demand. The first nine months’ figures are reduced by approximately 10% to avoid excessive inventory, while the final three indicators remain unchanged to ensure that the company can meet
Due to the economic development of modernity and globalization current world population is highly urbanized, concentrated, and has increased capability in terms of geographical mobility. Current demographic condition facilitates the outbreak of diseases and contributes to their fast and global dissemination. Consequently, the case of COVID19 demonstrated to what extent such developments may affect the realities of the contemporary world. The pandemic in the shape of COVID19 revealed extensive vulnerabilities within the healthcare, economic, and social sectors. Numerous businesses were forced to stop their production cycles, conventional working, and educational practices were replaced with digital alternatives. The pandemic caused worldwide economic depression, demonstrated adverse effects on aggregate demand for commodities, and raised new discourse on account of human rights and social justice. On the accounts of social justice, the pandemic contributed to the negative perception of older adults, which manifested itself in the form of ageism. Ageism refers to the discrimination, stereotypical prejudice towards people based on their age (Fraser et al., 2020). This form of discrimination is part of the current western realities, where the perception of older people is often mixed with false beliefs (Fraser et al., 2020). The pandemic has fortified the exclusion and prejudice directed towards older adults, especially with the introduction of the vulgar hashtag #BoomerRemover (Fraser et al., 2020). Consequently, the attitudes formed along this phenomenon include the perception of high mortality rates among older generations as the normal and inevitable outcome (Fraser et al., 2020). It is evident that the value of older people and their lives to society is questioned. This could be considered as the negative and vulgar development of human society. The pandemic also raised the question of human liberty due to the introduction of restrictive measures enforced by the government. It is well-known that excessive liberty may threaten the stability of society and economic welfare. Therefore, the determination of the appropriate extent of personal liberty is the task that needs to be addressed by the government, especially during a pandemic. Some restrictions during COVID19, such as mask-wearing in crowded areas, are relatively low cost and provide considerable social benefits (Tisdell, 2020). On the other hand, lockdowns which restrict the available geographic mobility are difficult to justify (Tisdell, 2020). Moreover, these restrictio
The gladiator (2000) is a movie whose setting occurs in the 180 A.D. It instigated with General Maximus leading the fight with the Germans where they emerged victorious. The ruler of the empire named Marcus Aurelius who was ailing in turn offered him the position of a Caesar. The patriarch was well aware of Maximus kind and fair character as well as the ability to restore authority in the Senate. In fact, Maximus was known for eradicating corruption in the kingdom. Conversely, Commodus his son possessed qualities exactly opposite to those of Maximus and would easily lead the empire astray. Aurelius intended to hand over the empire to Maximus against the traditions as the throne was perceived to be hereditary. Commodus got wind of this and despite the utter rage kills of his father, he ordered for the execution of Maximus. However, Maximus was a trained fighter and as a result managed to fight off his intended assassins but arrived home too late to save his family. He is later secured as a slave and compelled to fight as a gladiator where he eventually became a force to reckon with. Using his political advantage, he arranged for Commodus overthrowing in a fight which served as the movie climax. Although gladiator is a wonderful entertainment source of action for movie lovers, it is meant to shed light on the Roman Empire as it existed in 180 A.D. In this bold attempt it has accurately conveyed some aspects while others have been exaggerated. For instance, much of the general perceptions made such as the existence of gladiators and a hereditary empire were actually true. However, the Roman Empire began as a monarchy before transforming into a republic. As portrayed in the movie, Emperor Marcus Aurelius was indeed the patriarch in 180 A.D and had a son named Commodus. There was no particular General known as Maximus although the possibility of the existence of such a character cannot be totally disputed. The movie asserts that Commodus killed his father but in reality the emperor materialized to have died of plague that befell the empire during that time. While the emperor was not a friend of the Germans, there was no such great battle as depicted by the opining scene of the movie. In fact, the battle for the German conquest had been forfeited almost two centuries before the date implied in the movie. Some of the equipment used in this battle like the Onager helped in bringing down large buildings and not necessarily in the open fields as depicted in the movie. Thus, they might have been incorporated to create the loud explosions characterized by modern day movies. This was intended to attract more clients and increase returns. Though Commodus had ill traits as depicted in the movie, he did not secure the throne forcefully from his father. As a matter of fact, Aurelius had named him Caesar when he was a small boy and proceeded to name him heir of the Roman throne while still a teenager. Commodus occasionally fought in the gladiators’ arena but was never slain in it. It is believed that he was strangled by Narcissus while bathing. Even though Senator Gracchus purported the
Introduction Transmission of compressed data over power line channels has attracted considerable interests in the research community. Recent trends in communication have seen strong needs for high data transmission, where there is significant increase in the transmission of image data. Typically, various errors have been recorded during the transmission process, and this is because image data require large amount of information to be transmitted, and high energy communication requirements. These constraints in transmission normally lead to multi path fading, high bit error rates, and a degradation in the qualities of data received. Due to various problems of transmission of data that pose significant constraints on the communication system, various channel coding have been proposed (Athanasiadis, Lin, Hussain). Previous works have revealed that data compression can provide effective data transmission over power line channel. This paper extends this line of research by examining the effectiveness of compressed technology in transmission of data over power line channels. Compression technology in the transmission of mage data has been in the heart of modern communication products, and compression algorithms have enhanced key compression technologies such as JPEG2000, and MPEG, and this strategy have enhanced transmission in order to suit various techniques in communication parameters. (Athanasiadis, Lin, Hussain). Studies reveal that compressed data transmission over power line is quicker and is an effective method on image transmission, where it takes lesser space than uncompressed data. Data from the source minimize the number of bits transmitted in the power channel, and transmissions by compressed data offers security across networks. (Schroeder, Ackerman). Data compression is the process of encoding information into fewer bits to enhance effective use of space in data transmission. Typically, transmitting compressed data through power line involves two encoding schemes sender and receiver, where compressed data is effective when receiver understands the decoding data. The compressed data is effective for transmitting data than encoding scheme because of efficient faster methods of trans
Introduction The poem Ozymandias, by Percy Bysshe Shelly, is a fascinating examination of a decaying statue that resonates a central principle: history marches forward and no man can stop it. It is through various literary techniques that Shelly’s belief — art and language outlast politics — shines through. As the poem creates the mysterious sculpture found in “an antique land” and subsequently destroys it, the reader experiences a sense of ironic loss that almost hedges into hopelessness. Shelly’s poem Ozymandias effectively communicates that political power is not everlasting and even the most feared of leaders cannot halt the passage of time through its use of irony, alliteration, and metaphor. Main body Shelly’s main literary device in Ozymandias is his use of irony to emphasize the decay of political power at the hands of time. Ironically, Ozymandias’ statue bears a “wrinkled lip” and “sneer of cold command”, features that indicate a powerful and foreboding king, but the statue itself is falling apart. Even the inscription declaring that people should “look on my works, ye mighty, and despair!” is ironic; the reign would no longer strike fear in anyone for it had crumbled many years ago. Shelly examines the statue, constructing an image of the king and his rule only to rip it apart in the latter half of the poem by pointing out that there was very little left of even the statue, just as there is nothing left of Ozymandias’ reign. This sense of irony, that a king who was so feared that his people suffered by “the hand that mocked them…” lost his kingdom and life to the sands of history, which eventually overtake all men, runs deeply in Shelly’s Ozymandias. Shelly uses alliteration frequently in Ozymandias to draw attention to certain images throughout the poem. The use of alliteration gives the poem a rhythm and flow in addition to illuminating the importance of certain lines. The letter ‘s’ in particular is repeated on three separate alliterative occasions. At the beginning of the poem, Shelly describes where the traveler found the statue, “…on the sand, [h]alf sunk, a shattered…”. This draws the reader’s attention to the hidden, already destroyed image of the statue; it is not proudly displayed anymore, it is buried and hidden and alone. The ‘s’ alliteration continues as Shelly describes the sneer and “cold command” that “…yet survive, stamped on…” the statue’s pedestal. This particular point is alliterated not once but twice because it is, simply, the entire point of the poem. Shelly uses “sneer”, “survive”, and “stamped” to reiterate the ‘s’ sound as well as “cold command” within the same sentence to emphasize that art lives on, the sculptor’s work survived, even though Ozymandias is long dead and his period of rule long since over. Finally, Shelly says that “the lone and level sands stretch far away” at the end of the poem, giving the illusion of never-ending space that stretches forever; history goes forever, no one can stop it. Through the use of alliteration, Shelly c
Introduction Tobacco is a product of a species of plant that has nicotine content. Harvested as leaves of that particular plant, tobacco can be used to control pests or even as medicine. It is however widely used as a drug through smoking, snuffing, chewing among others. This paper seeks to support the banning of the use of tobacco. The paper will give reasons in support of the opinion. Why the use of Tobacco should be Banned Tobacco and cardiovascular diseases Tobacco like many other drugs has varied side effects that call for the control of its use. These negative impacts are manifested in individuals and ends up costing lives in the long run. One of the reasons why tobacco should be banned is its danger in relation to cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular diseases are complications that are associated with the heart and blood vessels in the body such as arteries which carry blood to body parts. Once a cardiovascular disease is induced in a person, it manifests in different ways causing threats to a person’s health and thus life. A significant percentage of heart complications related deaths have, for example, been associated with tobacco smoking with reports ranging this value at about thirty percent. One of the contents of tobacco, carbon monoxide, has for example been identified to have an impact on the oxygen carrying capacity of blood. Consequently, a person who is under the influence of tobacco will suffer from insufficient supply of oxygen to vital body parts that include the “heart, lungs, brain and other vital body organs” (Wvdhhr 1). The nicotine content of tobacco also induces increased “heart beat rate and blood pressure” (Wvdhhr 1) as a result, the blood circulatory system is over worked and exposed to risks of being damaged. This in the long run results in cases such as “heart attacks, high blood pressure, blood clots, strokes, hemorrhages” (Wvdhhr 1) among other disorders. A person who smokes is thus endangered by a number of complications that will negatively hinder the person’s operations and subsequently his or her life due to malfunctioning body parts. These effects can be easily transferred to aspects such as economic instability of the tobacco victim and immediate family members if the victim was the sole bread winner and is put down by such cardiovascular complications. A government’s responsibility over the welfare of its citizens therefore calls for a step to control such cardiovascular complications and subsequent impacts and one of the primary ways to do this is by banning the consumption of tobacco. Tobacco and cancers Another reason why tobacco should be banned is because of its effect in causing a number of cancers in the body. Cancer is characterized by an induced growth of ma