ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
More people give up smoking tobacco in favor of electronic cigarettes among other vaping products. They are also called vape-pens, e-hookahs, e-pipes, JUUL. Those are small-scale devices that emit vaporized nicotine or even non-nicotine solutions that users inhale without burning tobacco. They were originally designed for people to quit smoking cigarettes. Not everyone is willing to try nicotine replacement therapy or non-nicotine medication, so they turn to e-cigarettes instead. However, many consumers do not use it as an aid anymore: vaping has turned into another bad habit, and there is enough data to prove that. Numerous hospitals in the US receive patients with lung illnesses that are potentially connected to vaping, and several people have already lost the battle with the disease. As Wilson-Glover (2019) claims, the first death that was linked to the massive vaping outburst was announced in New Jersey in October, 2019. According to Ortiz (2019), “there have been 14 confirmed and probable cases of serious lung disease in the state” (par.3). This is in New Jersey alone, but there are many similar cases in other states. In addition, Ortiz (2019) claims, that thirty-two other reports of serious lung illnesses are being currently investigated, are already potentially connected to vaping. It is important to note that “there have been more than 800 confirmed and probable cases of serious illness from vaping products in forty-six states and the Virgin Islands” (Ortiz, 2019, para. 5). That is a number big enough for several states to ban flavored vape products and the devices, which was supported by President Trump (Ortiz, 2019). These statistics only emphasize the possible dangers connected with the new habit. What concerns people more is the fact that electronic cigarettes nowadays have become extremely popular with young people; that includes high school students as well (Mcgreevy, 2020). What was made primarily created as a “cure” for smokers, eventually became a substitution that may be causing more harm than good. According to Ortiz (2019), the use of those devices has increased significantly over the last few years, and parents all across the States have become concerned with this problem. It is important to note that, “sixty deaths have been confirmed in 27 states and the District of Columbia” (“Outbreak of Lung Injury Associated with the Use of E-Cigarette, or Vaping Products”, 2020). It was noted that the components of vaping liquids that are directly linked to this outburst are vitamin E acetate and THC or tetrahydrocannabinol, found in marijuana (Barchenger, 2020). Nonetheless, according to Nedelman (2019), “A specific cause of the nationwide outbreak remains unknown” (para, 9). The research needs to go deeper for the scientists to f
Introduction The purpose of this proposal is to highlight the importance of strategic workforce planning, in the context of Kudler Fine Foods. The objectives of the proposal include the following. First, the purpose of workforce planning at Kudler Fine Foods will be highlighted. Second, the use of workforce planning in addressing international employee demand and supply issues will be discussed. Finally, the importance of workforce planning in succession planning will be discussed. The Purpose of Strategic Workforce Planning Strategic workforce planning is the process through which an organization ensures that it has access to suitable talent to enhance its future success. The expected loss of knowledge through staff exists, as well as, the knowledge required to sustain the organization must be taken into account during workforce planning. The knowledge required to sustain a business or an organization include technology, workforce intelligence, as well as, new skills. Hence, the purposes of workforce planning include the following. First, workforce planning integrates human resource planning into the business’s strategic planning. Thus, the human resource management objectives will be aligned to the firm’s strategic goals, as well as, priorities. Second, workforce planning will enable Kathy to understand how the functions of her organization will change over time, and how such changes will impact job requirements. Third, workforce planning provides a framework for analyzing and understanding changes in the workforce in terms of performance, skills, as well as, demographics. Fourth, it will enable Kathy to assess the ability of her workforce to respond to future job requirements. The assessment will help in identifying gaps in the workforce in terms of skill requirement. Finally, workforce planning helps in formulating strategies for addressing staffing needs. In this context, the strategies should be based on the gaps identified in the workforce. International Employee Supply and Demand Workforce planning will help in addressing international employee supply and demand issues through supply analysis and demand analysis. Supply analysis is the process through which the current workforce is profiled and future workforce composition is predicted. Supply analysis involves analyzing the current workforce’s attributes, reviewing trend data, as well as, forecasting future workforce supply. Profiling the workforce helps in identifying existing jobs, the number of employees executing each job, and the importance of each job. Additionally, it helps in determining the jobs or tasks that are no longer necessary in the organization. Supply analysis will also enable Kathy to determine the existing number of employees and positions, as well as, existing performance and competency levels. Trend data gives a picture of past occurrences such as the past hiring patterns, turnover and retirement. Thus, supply analysis will help
With the advent of digital technology, interpersonal communication has changed drastically. I believe that the use of mobile devices as the tools for obtaining quick data has both simplified and complicated interpersonal communication due to the introduction of a mediator into people’s conversations. Specifically, with the shifting of the focus from the participants of communication to mobile devices that facilitate it, the realm of interpersonal communication has received improved information management tools yet lost a substantial portion of live interactions. The opportunity to access information instantly with the help of mobile devices appears to be the leading factor in their popularity. While friends and team partners may be unavailable, a mobile device provides immediate access to a plethora of information that one might need. Another reason for people to shift toward appreciating mobile devices over communication appears to concern the opportunities for receiving new information that the specified devices provide. Sue to the high level of data processing speed, mobile devices offer a much greater range of information than direct communication offers (Subramanian 73). Thus, taking communication at its surface value, people tend to prefer their mobile devices to an actual dialogue. Finally, one should mention the addictive nature of mobile tools. Having developed a habit of checking updates and the related news with the help of a mobile device, one is unlikely to abandon the specified ritual. As a result, the development of dependency occurs, costing one a significant portion of personal life and communication with others. In conclusion, the environment of interpersonal communication has been changed drastically as people’s attention shifted from their communication partners to the devices that facilitate the dialogue. As a result, information has become the priced item to be pursued as opposed to the emotional gratification received as a result of communication. Thus, mobile devices have distorted personal relationships significantly. Work Cited Subramanian, Kalpathy Ramaiyer. “Influence of Social Media in Interpersonal Communication.” International Journal of Scientific Progress and Research , vol. 38, no. 2, 2017, pp. 70-75.
Holistic perception of the world and man as an integral element of nature is deeply inherent in world culture and finds its origins in the early stages of development of traditional societies, including the Indian people, Navajo. Navajo stories describe the process of creating the world through the use of images and elements of nature. These legends say that people came out of nature and are an integral part of it throughout life. Respect for nature, spirit, animals, and the environment is a vital trait of these people. Navajo’s view of nature is neither theoretical nor practical; it is sympathetic, it does not ascribe to itself a unique and privileged place in the natural hierarchy. The concept of the kinship of all forms of life is the oldest sense of spirituality in Navajo. Since the legends show the primary forms of human connection with nature, they interpret natural phenomena and the origin of animals and humans. According to The Sun, Moon and Stars (n.d.), the First Man and First Woman created the sun, moon, and stars to give light to the First People. The way they tried to help people, listening carefully to all their requests, symbolizes compassion for others and the whole natural world. The First Man and First Woman worked with particular trepidation on the stone discs representing the sun and moon. When these attempts failed, they did not waste quartz and used it to light up the night sky by creating stars. This episode shows Navajo’s rational attitude towards natural resources and an irresistible desire to make the world around him better. A special place in the legends of Navajo is occupied by the Coyote, who is a kind of balancer. While Coyote often creates chaos, it also provides harmony and balance more broadly. For example, although Coyote confused two identical stars (Gemini), he made the Milky Way. Furthermore, from this story, the reader will learn about the special relationship of Navajo to the stars, the constellations of which provide the life principles and values of the people. For example, a constellation in the form of two rabbit tracks, one following the other, regulated hunting, another constellation associated with planting and harvesting, and the North Star symbolized the central fire in the house, providing warmth and stability, and safety. Thus, the people were subject to the forces of nature, which were a priority for the Navajo. The myths described in Changing Woman [Asdzaa nádleehé] are about creation and reproduction. According to Changing Woman [Asdzaa nádleehé (n.d.), the heroine created humanity from her epidermis and subsequently supported the Earth with her generosity. Moreover, she has bestowed several things on humanity, for example, certain ceremonies that will protect society from evil forces. She grants blessings on them through rituals and gives them immunity from various dangerous things and protection from malicious creatures. Thus, her gentle benevolence is considered an example for all women to strive for. No less symbolic history of the Navajo people is At The Rainbow’s End . Welker (201
The article describes the effects of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), which is transferred through bird species, such as ducks. As a result of mutations, avian influenza viruses sharply change their biological properties and acquire the ability to overcome the host barrier with direct infection of people bypassing the intermediate host. In addition, they can cause extremely severe clinical forms of the disease, a significant portion of which is fatal. This movement may also affect humans because the virus may not be species-specific. This determines the need for greater surveillance and control of the infection. The Avian Influenza virus spreads unusually quickly, and this process may not be controlled by traditional methods, such as isolation of patients, quarantine measures, and recommendations for traveling people. The study analyzes the movement patterns of live ducks, which plays a major role in epidemic prevention approaches. It is stated that developing correct models of the proximity networks of animal movement behaviors can allow epidemiologists to precisely predict the danger zones and the sources of infection (Guinat et al., 2020). The live-duck movements were the main cause of the H5N8 influenza outbreak, which took place in France during 2016 and 2017 (Guinat et al., 2020). Currently, the
Introduction In today’s business environment, effective management of primary processes is fundamentally critical for organizations to achieve the desired competitive advantage. More often than not, most primary processes within the organizational framework are directly related to the flow of goods and services (Lewis & Slack 2003, p. 13). Organizations have been wound up due to problems emanating from this area, especially in the delivery of finished products and materials to end-user customers. Other organizations have survived to tell the story of how this particular segment is of immense importance in operations management. It is the purpose of this essay to describe a delivery problem that rocked Cessna Aircraft Company at the turn of the millennium and evaluate how best it could have been solved using the relevant operations theory and techniques. Headquartered in Wichita, Kansas, Cessna is the largest manufacturer of small piston-powered single-engine aircrafts and business jets. Presently, the company employs over 16,000 employees, and commands a 50% share of the business jet market worldwide (Avery 2003, p.8). From its inception in 1927, Cessna Aircraft has manufactured over 191, 000 aircrafts, making it the leading general aviation aircraft manufacturer in the world (Cessna Chooses 2007). The company has manufactured over 5,400 Cessna Citation business jets, making it the largest manufacturer of business jets in the world. According to its official website, Cessna is committed to its customers and offers the best customer service backup with its 10 organization-owned Citation Service Centres that are fully equipped to meet the inspection, maintenance and service needs of its customers. In addition, the company has strategically positioned over 400 Authorized Service Stations in 18 countries around the world to offer outstanding propeller aircraft maintenance support. The company practices an integrated supply chain management, revolving around an interrelated series of organizations, resources and processes that are concerned with the “creation and delivery of value in the form of both finished products and services to end customers and shareholders” (Purchasing.com 2000, para. 3). In this type of supply chain, all decisions that influence the design and flow of raw materials into and through an organization to achieve the desired end products are integrated. Before the integration, the organization’s major business strategies were based on traditional approaches. Problem Identification and its Relationship to Operations Practice In 2000, Cessna aircraft was experiencing delivery problems due to its traditional structure in the supply, purchasing, assembly, and sourcing departments. The customer satisfaction r
Background of Costco, its Founder, and CEO Costco started as a store in California in 1976 and made enormous losses during its initial years in operation. However, the company grew significantly developing in five states by 1984. Nowadays, Costco has grown to be one of the largest and profitable stores in the U.S. It is known for the provision of regional and national brands that are of high quality at remarkably low prices compared to other wholesale and retail outlets in the United States of America. Much of Costco’s success is attributable to its founder and former CEO Jim Sinegal, its current CEO Craig Jelinek, as well as the company’s top executives. Jim Sinegal has been successful as the CEO of Costco by ensuring that the company has competitive advantage over other outlets based on its sale of merchandise at low prices (Edmans 621). In addition, Sinegal has been focused on ensuring that the employees are treated with dignity. Craig Jelinek follows the footsteps of Sinegal by ensuring that the company’s overhead is as low as possible, keeping the employees happy, as well as ensuring the rotation of products. On the other hand, the company’s top executives have been instrumental in the success of Costco in that they ensure effective training and development of the employees and address any issues that might affect the productivity of the employees. Motivation Theories Applied in Costco Costco has been ranked as one of the most successful, cheap and well-paying outlets in the U.S. However, the company’s success has been attributed to a number of strategic approaches adopted by its executive including several motivation theories (Cascio 27). For example, Costco makes the use of Maslow’s motivational theory that focuses on the hierarchy of needs. According to this theory, the behaviors of various individuals in an organization is influenced by their physiological needs, safety needs, belongingness needs, esteem needs, as well as the self-actualization need. As evident in Costco, the company focuses on the welfare of the employees and hence, ensures high retention rate and low turnover. Secondly, the company applies the dual-factor theory where the content of the job plays a significant role in the motivation of the employees. Based on the postulates of this theory, improving the nature of the job is very instrumental in the stimulation of motivation among employees within any organization (Dhiman and Marques 816). In the case of Costco, a lot of focus is given on the enrichment of the job by ensuring that the operations and activities within the company have a great depth and scope in terms of employees’ control, responsibility, as
The article “Are you hiring high performers” focuses on the way new employees are hired at Baptist Medical Center Jacksonville. Its author, Matthew Weinstock, claims that annual nurse turnover reduces when efficient personnel is employed, and patients become more satisfied with the care they receive. The hospital president and CEO emphasize the squishy stuff as the secret sauce that allows them to find right people. In this perspective, it is critical for the employee to be able to connect one’s head and heart. The first impression, the way the worker treats the patients, his/her attitudes and behavior are said to be tightly connected with the professional performance and should be considered when hiring personnel to bring on the best. Then a shared vision and mission should be implemented for the employees to have the same standards (Weinstock para. 11). The HR initiative that is related to this article is the HR Business Initiative: Customer Service Improvements. It underlines the necessity of making business customer centered and focuses on customer feedback as a performance measurement tool. According to this initiative, the way employees interact with the clients is critical when providing efficient services. Being highly involved and listening closely to the clients’ needs, the employees will be able to deliver an excellent customer service and manage their career at the same workplace. The implementation of this initiative in my organization will be beneficial because with its help only the best staff that values the work a
Introduction Ginzburg’s The Cheese and the Worms and McKenzie’s “The Sociology of a Text” both focus on discussing written text as representative of a certain culture and its historical path. A written text is understood as a way to reach a target audience that, in turn, should acquire knowledge of its creation and transmission. However, the effects and consequences of a written text may vary, depending on the context, culture, and epoch. While Ginzburg presents the history of Menocchio and his non-traditional views on Christianity, McKenzie aims at a larger identification of the implications of a written text found in the traditions of New Zealand. This paper attempts to discuss both literary works and addresses the second prompt, exploring the consequences and effects of written material on oral traditions and values. Examining the Effects of Printed Materials on Oral Traditions The book The Cheese and the Worms depicts the amazing history of Domenico Scandella, a miller in Menocchio, an Italian province, who suggested a unique vision regarding the process involved in the creation of the world. At first, in his account, everything was chaos, and it all came together in one bundle like cheese in milk. Then, worms arose in it, and these worms were angels. God was also among the angels; he became the Lord, and he had four captains: Lucifer, Michael, Gabriel, and Raphael. Because of his pride, God drove Lucifer and others out of heaven and then created Adam and Eve and many other people to fill the places of the exiled angels. Menocchio’s version of the creation story was so atypical and surprising to the inquisitors that they felt they had no choice but to condemn the miller on the grounds of medieval heresies created many centuries ago. Menocchio’s views were largely based on the literature he had read; Ginzburg briefly analyzes the books that influenced their formation. 1 In books, Menocchio noticed small and seemingly insignificant details that strongly resonated in his memory. It is possible to assume that since priests told people about biblical miracles over the years, these stories became routine, even mundane, and miracles were perceived as habitual happenings that did not require special reverence. Random details, in contrast, aroused interest. Ginzburg states that Menocchio was aware of the biblical account: in a letter to the inquisitors, he asks for an indulgence, comparing his life with that of Joseph, who was sold by his brothers to Egypt. 2 The phenomenon of his case lies in the fact that in a culture where intellectuals, philosophers, and scientists ruled all others, a commoner suddenly appeared to offer his own worldview, which frightened