ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The disclosure of the State’s nature, rules and guardians is considered to be centralized in Plato’s theory reflected in the work Republic. It is necessary to underline the fact that the thinker strived to clarify common features of his Divided Line and the allegory of the Cave; the analysis of his philosophy gives an opportunity to realize and investigate Plato’s vision of the path experienced by human beings on their way to knowledge and truth realization; the thinker managed to underline the unity of Divided Line and the allegory of the Cave on the basis of ‘education place’ reflected through the Good perception. In accordance with Plato’s divided line, the world consists of two parts, intellectual and the one of visible objects. The Good is considered to be at the top of everything; it illuminates and sustains the res. Plato’s tried to demonstrate the idea that the objects’ forms help human beings to obtain ideal understanding, intelligence and knowledge. The lowest level is based on reason and thought reflected through axioms; this aspect is presented on the basis of various mathematical principles. So, Plato’s idea was to show that seeing the objects is followed by information perception about these objects, leading to the formation of certain beliefs on the basis of sound, sights, etc. As a result formed beliefs get people from one place to another being supported by axiomatic thought and reasoning. Plato’s stated that one more element was concentrated on imagination presented through reflections and dreams, and stimulating our creativity. The theory of divided line is closely connected with Plato’s Allegory of the Cave, through which the thinker managed to underline the fact, that humans cross the line from ignorance cave, to reach the steep path leading to the light, allowing us seeing the shadows of the objects, and the objects themselves. One addresses the top, that is the Good, reasoning about it and making certain conclusions, resulting in realization that the Good is the true cause of everything in the world. ‘When we turn our eyes to things whose colors are no longer in the light of day but in the gloom of night, the eyes are dimmed and seem nearly blind, as if clear vision were no longer in them, yet when one turns them on things illuminated by the sun, they see clearly and vision appears in those same eyes.” (Plato, VI, 508) The person trying to avoid the cave limitations, is on the way to true reality realization, being able gasping the forms. Plato stated that visible objects were only shadows of the truth; it is necessary to stress that the philosopher’s theory is based on the principles of getting knowledge about the objects on the basis of personal learning focus. The analogy of Plato’s Allegory of the Cave and Divided Line can be characterized by realities and shadows of education. (Plato, VII, 518) In accordance with Plato’s beliefs, the invisible truths really exist and are covered by things which can grasp. It is necessary to stress that the divided line can be interpreted as the descending path from beliefs to imagination. The Good allow
When it comes to health, many people think about genetic and environmental factors as those that affect the quality of life, whereas cultural aspects of the healthy lifestyle are often forgotten. Nevertheless, culture plays an important role in supporting good physical shape and mental condition. For instance, certain health problems directly result from destructive cultural practices. Moreover, culture-specific traditions might prevent people from receiving modern medical help. This essay will discuss the relationship between health and cultural background and analyze the consequences of culture loss as depicted in the clip A Fossiled Life . Nowadays, researchers generally agree that culture is closely connected to fitness and psychological welfare. According to the research on American Indian historical trauma, indigenous health providers associate the forced change of culture experienced by their ancestors with increased poverty, violence, and substance abuse (Hartmann & Gone, 2016). Moreover, the loss of culture is thought to result in the displacement of protective traditions and excessive stress among American Indians, leading to such diseases as diabetes and cancer (Hartmann & Gone, 2016). What is more, culture can affect other social determinants of health, like access to healthcare. For example, Rowlands, Shaw, Jaswal, Smith, and Harpham (2015) report that people rely on their culture to guide their search for specific health information and assess it in terms of its significance. Furthermore, immigrant cultures are typically correlated with lower income and educational levels, which means that immigrants might have poorer access to the healthcare system. Finally, some traditions prompt people to seek healing from their local practitioners who can provide ineffective or potentially dangerous treatment. The short clip A Fossiled Life was shot in 2007 as a reminder of the importance of cultural heritage. The video focuses on a man who mourns the loss of the indigenous culture of the Tlingit. It is noticeable that Matthew feels disorientated, and I believe that his inner sense of culture loss has a profound effect on his psychological well-being as the man cannot remember his family or navigate his daily life. He regrets not knowing about the traditions of his ancestors, which leads him to experience disconnection from the rest of the world. I found it interesting that Matthew appears to be the only person to notice how the indigenous culture is becoming extinct, suggesting that his personal history made him particularly sensitive to his cultural inheritance. Furt
Introduction Aggression can be defined as the tendency of man to perform destructive actions intended to harm others or self-destruction. A destructive form of aggression may lead to violence in man and this may lead to the performing acts of violence against other people with an intention to injure them or even destroy property (Buss, 1999, p12). Accidental injury of a person by another person cannot be referred to as violence since it is not intended. Violence and aggression in men have been a topic of controversy since the 19th century with many scholars trying to find the origin of aggression and violence in men. Various studies by different scholars have come up with different theories trying to explain the origin of aggression in man. This includes theories such as biological theories, evolution theories, and anthropological theories among others. Some of the scholars who have greatly contributed to the topic have come up with various theses trying to solve the mystery. These include the Rousseauean thesis, Malthusian thesis, Hobbesian thesis, and the Spencerian thesis. Today we live in a world that is full of violence with wars against nations, societies, and communities besides domestic violence. The debate on the causes of violence and aggression still continues to be argued amongst various scholars. The paper will view the various factors that have been brought forward as the main causes of aggression in man and make a conclusion on whether violence in man is som
Bourque, L. B. (1989). Defining rape . Durham: Duke University Press. Dr. Bourque teaches courses in research methodology with particular emphasis on the design, administration, data processing and analysis of data collected by questionnaires and interviews in community surveys. She is the Associate Director of the Center for Public Health and Disasters, and the Associate Director of the Southern California Injury Prevention Research Center, both located in the UCLA School of Public Health. Her current work delves into the legal as well as social angles of the way rape is perceived and defined in legal circles. Burger, W. E., & McConville, S. (1985). Our crowded prisons . The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, v. 478. Beverly Hills, Calif: Sage Publications. The National Institute of Corrections (NIC) is an agency within the U.S. Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Prisons. It also helps continuous research in the field of social and criminal spheres. It provides training, technical assistance, information services, and policy/program development assistance to federal, state, and local corrections agencies. Burgess, A. W. (1985). Rape and sexual assault: A research handbook . New York: Garland Pub. Burgess discussed the changing laws governing handling the cases related to rape and sexual assault. This discussion notes the new system responses that included standardized forensic examinations by trained health care professionals. The work also discusses the fallouts of the developments whereby the laws, rape crisis centers, funded by federal, state and local dollars, have become more readily available to victims Groth, A. N., & Birnbaum, H. J. (1979). Men who rape: The psychology of the offender . New York: Plenum Press. The research in the field of sex offender behavior acknowledges that the offender types can be identified. Such types include power, anger, and sadistic assailants. Even though such classifications can be observed; classifications, limited empirical or anecdotal efforts have undertaken the task of exploring the personality features of each rapist type. Groth and Birnbaum in this article try to fill this gap in the literature. Analytical framework combined with the case study methodology, noted crimes of Gilbert Escobedo (power type), Paul Bernardo (anger type), and Jeffrey Dahmer (sadistic type) are reviewed. Given the study and findings, the article concludes with a ser
Total quality management is a very important concept in the success of any organization. Managers and supervisors need to ensure that they employ the concept in every aspect of the organization and involve all the employees in the process of implementing it. Imperatively, the mood and tone that the managers and supervisors set regarding total quality management is very critical in determining success or failure of a subject organization. The high dependency that is associated with the concept is because employees get the motivation and drive to work hard or relax from the tone that their leaders set using the concept. Therefore, the study examines a scenario that took place in a hotel and explains the solutions used to address the situation and the importance of using total quality management to set the tone of an organization. My involvement in an effort that was half-hearted occurred in a hotel where our manager was not very enthusiastic about the operations undertaken in the establishment. From our observation, it was evident that the manager paid attention to other factors and did not care to check on the progress of the hotel. The main concern of the manager was on other businesses that concerned his personal engagements. According to Kaynak and Rogers (2013), leaders should determine the mood of an organization. As a result, the mood of the establishment became relaxed and employees no longer worked hard to achieve the best. Instead, majority of the employees started engaging in unproductive discussions and ventures that had very little impact on the development and success of the hotel. Although, I tried to work hard and deliver the best, my efforts diminished, since other employees did not support the initiatives. As a result, I became discouraged because the mood of the establishment was not rewarding. What happened after the tone of the hotel became relaxed and employees no longer delivered the best was substandard quality of service and increased complaints from consumers. The high number of employees, who engaged in unproductive discussions and reluctance from the manager in charge, led to a drastic reduction of service quality and a simultaneous decline in the number of consumers. Ashley (2008) asserts that poor supervision and encouragement from managers leads to reduced drive and low performance from employees in a company. In essence, the effects occasioned because the manager had set the tone of the hotel after expressing lack of enthusiasm in his operations and total quality management. The solution transpired after the managing director discovered the problem and dismissed th
Mars is one of the planets that make up the solar system. It is the fourth planet from the sun and borrows its name from the teachings of Roman mythology. Pritchard posits, “Its name denotes a Roman deity associated with war and conflicts” (1). The association of planet Mars with a Roman deity denotes the significance of the planet among residents of Earth. Planet Mars is at times referred to as the red planet due to the Iron Oxide ring, which makes it appear red when observed from a distance. Pritchard alleges, “Mars is a sublunary planet with various features that have similarity to those on the surface of Earth” (3). Its surface has features like volcanoes and craters, majority of which are recurrent and common phenomena on Earth’s surface. One of the features that distinguish planet Mars from other planets is Olympus Mons (a supercilious mountainous element in the solar system). Besides, the planet has “Valles Marineris, which is among the most expensive canyons within the solar system” (Pritchard 13). The bigger portion of the planet is covered with Borealis Basin that is one of the remarkable features on the surface of Mars. Additionally, the planet has Deimos and Phobos, which are nebulous and miniature moon features. The two features resemble Trojans and asteroids (Barlow 24). There were conjectures and suppositions that there is water on the surface of planet Mars prior to its exploration. Telescopic observation revealed the presence of dark and light patches on the plane of the planet leading to scientists claiming that the lesions comprised of water. Nonetheless, further observations proved that many of these patches were imaginary and illusion (Mallama 52-55). Geological experts and independent researchers allege that expansive and enormous water bodies once occupied the planet (Kipp 24). In 2005, “observations depicted a huge presence of icy water bodies at the polar extremities of the planet. Subsequent studies in 2008 showed high presence of water in samples of soil from the surface of the planet” (Kipp 28). Mars is small relative to planet Earth. Hence, the planet does not have significant gravitational influence on Earth. Despite the size of the planet and its distance from the Earth, Mars is said to cause, “Martian water tides on the earth, which is small relative to the lunar tides caused by the moon” (Crossley 15). However, some scientists assert that the Martian tides are too small to detect. Scientific exploration of Mars is having significant influence on cultural beliefs of varied societies. “The cult of Nergal associated the planet with the war-god Nergal, Prior to its exploration” (Cochrane 35). The cult used to give sacrifices to the war-god to appease him. However, exploration of Mars is making the cult to change its perceptions about the planet. The cult no longer associates the planet with bad omen. Since scientists learnt about the planet, it has had significant influence on planet Earth. Planet Mars has led to increase in exploration activities. Ever since the scientists learnt that there were traces of water on the surface of Mars, they i
During the Nanjing Decade the nationalist leader of the Chinese Government was experiencing a threat from two different sides. It was the time of Japanese aggression, so Japanese military forces were on their way to invade Chinese territory. At the same time, inside of the country the Government was facing a threat from the Communist protesters. Chiang Kai Shek, the leader of the Nationalist Government of China found his country drowning in the boiling conflicts and had to decide which of the two big threats to fight first. He called these threats “the disease of the heart” and “the disease of the skin”. Japanese invaders were labeled as “the disease of the skin” because of several reasons. First of all, skin diseases are happening outside, on the surface of the skin, just like Japanese invasion that was coming from the outside. Besides, the Japanese were ideologically convinced that they were a better nation than the Chinese, they believed that being born Japanese (in Japanese skin) gave them rights to kill and torture Chinese people. Communists were labeled as the “heart disease” because they were coming from the inside, from the heart of the country and were trying to destroy it, and destroy the Chinese soul with their official atheism propaganda. Chiang Kai Shek logically decided that inner threat was more dangerous for the country, and started multiple annihilation campaigns against the Communists. However, when in 1937 the Japanese invasion started, and the outer threat became very serious, the two fighting parties of China united; Chiang Kai Shek signed a temporary peace agreement with the communists to protect his country from the mutual enemy.
Introduction Comus is most likely going to face some ethical issues if it goes ahead to execute the outsourcing plan. It is worth noting that outsourcing and off shoring of tasks has become a common practice among US based companies. Tasks are mostly outsourced to developing countries where labour is cheaply available. Most companies in an attempt to reduce the cost of production outsource some of the tasks to offshore labour force. Outsourcing of tasks automatically leads to downsizing in companies that outsources their tasks. Weather this practice is ethical or not is highly debatable and heavily dependent on individual cases. Comus Being a controversial issue and one which will definitely affect one party irrespective of the decision made, there is need to weigh the benefits against the damages which are likely to result from outsourcing of tasks. Is it necessary for Comus to outsource its tasks? Comus Company at the present time faces an increasing competition and there is a need for to find ways to survive in the market. Comus is already “hugely popular” and there is need for it to sustain its market share which it has already acquired. In the face of competition especially from similar products, price reduction becomes almost the sole solution to maintaining the loyalty of customers. In order to reduce the cost of production, outsourcing is mandatory for Comus. It is fair that the Comus outsource its tasks in order to survive the market place competition but again it might be seen to be very unethical to exchange employees who have helped the company grow to those who have not made any contribution towards stabilizing the company. This can be a source of bitter exchanges between the employees and the management team. Weber (1994) insists that downsizing should be carried out as the last resort. There is a need therefore to carry out the downsizing exercise in an appropriate way (Weber, 1994; Outsourcing, 2006). I suggest that the company should strike a balance between the maximum number of employees that can be maintained and the minimum amount of tasks that the company can outsource. It is not advisable for the company to undertake large scale outsourcing as this may lead to technical disruption in the production process (Ashley, 2008; Barrar and Gervais, 2006). Comus should take downsizing as the very last option. The company should try to negotiate the salary package of its employees with an aim of spending less on wages. The management should make it clear to the employees that by withdrawing some of the work related benefits, it will be possible for the company to survive and avoid outsourcing their jobs overseas. I believe that a job with reduced monetary gains is better than none at all. On the side of the employees, they will likely use this as a grace period to find better means of livelihood. I feel that the company should find a way of appreciating the employees who will be laid of
Introduction and claim Federal Emergency Management Agency is a unit that is responsible for the management of emergencies, especially the calamities that have devastating effects on the citizens. This agency has been very active in various incidents within the united state. However, it has come over a number of criticisms in the recent past. The main criticism of this agency was its response to the Hurricane Katrina disaster (Binney 76). The agency was one of those agencies that were expected to have a quick response to this disaster. However, they responded to this disaster much later when the damage was already done (Federal Emergency Management Agency 28). Other incidents clearly demonstrated that this agency is malfunctioning. Either it responds slowly to disaster, or their actions do not pass as an agency that is ready to face the challenges that this task comes with. Because of this, there have been calls from various quarters to have the agency disbanded and in its place be an agency that has the capacity to respond to the disaster and other cases of emergency efficiently and effectively. There are others, however, who believe that this firm is very effective and should not be disbanded. They believe that with proper coordination, this agency can be very effective. In fact, this agency has proven that it is effective, following its response to a number of calamities. During the September 11, 2001 attack at the World Trade Center, this agency was very active in the rescue process. The employees of this agency worked round the clock in order to ensure that those who could be rescued were moved away from the rabbles. This article aims at affirming the fact that FEMA is an agency that has the capacity to meet the emergency needs if all the stakeholders can give it necessary material and moral support when undertaking its duties. Discussion FEMA is generally considered a failed agency within the nation. In the face of a prosperous nation, this agency has failed a number of times to deliver its duties in an expected manner. The incident in which this agency overstated the damage caused by Hurricane Frances that hit South Florida in May 2004 was the onset of a series of criticisms. This agency recommended compensation to people, some of whom were not casualties of this incident (Jenkins 48). This was a sign of a malfunctioning unit. The following year, in 2006 August, Hurricane Katrina controversy again hit the firm. Buffalo