ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Concentration of highly skilled personnel and specialized equipment, as well as cost effectiveness, is among the driving forces when several hospitals consider combining their work at a central, off site laboratory (Vonderschmitt 1999, p. 89). Improved communication of results via laboratory and hospital information systems lessens the negative impact on turn around time usually feared by clinicians. A close working relationship between the centralized and local laboratories is mandatory for centralization to be successful. Flexibility in the centralization or decentralization equation may prevent or even at least improve the feeling of loss of control that may accompany centralization. According to some scholars, a centralized system is needed to provide a mechanism for managing the huge volumes of data that are now being generated by laboratory technologists as a result of advancements in technology (Zhu 2005, p. iv). According to Cowan (2005, p. 7), the laboratory is both a light industry and an office workplace. It is no longer feasible to administer a busy laboratory without the aid of electronic data processing. Generally, “laboratory informatics comprises the theoretical and practical aspects of information processing and communication, based on knowledge and experience derived from processes in the laboratory and employing the methods and technology of computer systems” (Van Bemmel, 1984, p175). In this application, informatics focuses mainly on deployment, planning, and policy development. In addition, utilization review, computer consultation, rules based expert systems, and decision support are growing areas of attention. Laboratory informatics, reflecting the laboratory’s status as a technology center, is more technology oriented than general medical informatics. As pointed out by Zhu (2005, p. iv), it is the large amount of data resulting from research laboratories together with statutory requirements that have prompted companies to turn to the use of laboratory information management systems. Among other benefits, LIMS improves the tracking
The video fragment in question is highly peculiar in the context of the psychological process behind sustainable health behavior. In this clip, Bob, the instructor, attempts to motivate Joelle to run full thirty seconds on a treadmill through a rather aggressive approach (NBCTheBiggestLoser, 2009). From the standpoint, of the social behavior theory, this situation represents the formation of this motivation through a set of primary factors. According to Baranowski et al. (2008), social cognitive theory focuses on both “the psychological dynamics influencing health behavior and methods for promoting behavioral change” (165). More specifically, Bob creates an environment, in which Joelle is pushed to work to the full capacity in order to accomplish the task he has set for her. The external pressure serves as the primary environmental factor that prompts the woman to reach her goal. This approach is possible through the development of self-efficacy that becomes one of the key components of behavioral change as per the social cognitive theory. The notion of self-efficacy implies that a person’s perception of his or her ability to accomplish the task determines the level of effort and dedication (Bandura, 1977). In the video fragment, Bob engaged Joelle’s self-efficacy through aggressive yelling and managed to convince her that she, indeed, can run full thirty seconds of the treadmill. However, while the objective was attained, the methods remain questionable to an extent. In fact, Bob attempted to develop Joelle’s self-efficacy by creating a hostile environment, even turning other participants against her. The authors behind the self-determination t
Introduction Data stored in computers need to be secured to prevent its leakage to unauthorised people. Firms, both public and private, must develop policies to prevent privacy intrusion as a way of securing their customers and employees’ data. This paper examines the privacy policies that are applied by IT firms to guarantee data privacy for their clientele and workforce. Privacy Policies in IT Firms Establishment of Firewalls and Passwords More IT firms today are using computers to store customers and employees’ details. The storage of data in computers increases the risk of unofficial access by criminals. It is important to note that computers are also prone to attacks by malware if proper policies are not in place. Notwithstanding, the law requires public and private IT organisations to protect their stakeholders’ data at all cost (Bhadauria et al. 2011). To secure the data from unauthorised access, most IT firms maintain full-time employees who ensure that the Local and Wide Area Networks are safe. The IT departments work in line with the security policies served to them by the company. One of the tactics used to protect the network and computers from attacks is by creating a firewall. The firewall bars intruders from accessing data stored in computers. Any attempt by an intruder to use the company’s network is repelled to the extent that only the permissible individuals have the privilege of accessing other persons’ credentials. Besides, computers are protected from unauthorised access using authenticated passwords, which are only known to authorised individuals. Physical Inventory Protection In addition to the protection of the firms’ network, the IT firms must maintain the physical security of the computers. Physical security is important since it helps to protect the privacy of the data stored in the computers. Additionally, physical protection ensures that important data regarding the firm remains inaccessible by intruders. To guarantee physical security, most IT organisations store computers containing sensitive information under lock and key where only the authorised staffs have access to them. The authorised staffs must follow the security procedures outlined by the company to combat insecurity of any data stored in the devices. IT firms install CCTV cameras inside the rooms in which the gadgets are stored, as well as their surroundings, to track the entry of unauthorised individuals (Bhasin 2007). A security team is usually in place on a full-time basis to repel any attempt by unauthorised individuals to access the site. Malware Prevention Mechanisms Another measure that IT firms employ to enhance cybersecurity is malware prevention, which is achieved by installing antivirus software on its system. In most IT firms, the malware prevention policy entails installing detectors on the entire systems. Such malware detectors often notice any form of cyber threat and warn the IT security team of an imminent danger (Ertaul, Singhal & Saldamli 2010). In some firms such as Google Inc., malware detectors are designed in a way that they
Teen parenting is associated with numerous challenges, which can affect the future of both parents and children. While adolescent pregnancy prevention programs in the US have been largely successful in the last decades, the number of teen parents remains relatively high. This paper aims to evaluate the risks associated with teen parenting to determine whether they have a significant impact on the quality of life of parents and children. Teen parents often face socioeconomic challenges, which can significantly impact their career opportunities. Assini-Meytin and Green (2015) analyzed the data from the African-American community in Chicago to establish whether teen parenting could be a predictive factor of educational and economic outcomes. The sample data for the study was collected between 1966-1967 when participants entered the first grade, and 2002-2003, when they turned 42 (Assini-Meytin & Green, 2015). Assini-Meytin and Green (2015) compared the economic and educational outcomes for teen and non-teen parents at the later stages of the research. They found that teen mothers had a lower income and considerably higher school dropout and unemployment rates (Assini-Meytin & Green, 2015). Teen fathers were less affected because the lack of child protection laws in the 1970s de facto released them of any responsibility if a child was born out of wedlock (Assini-Meytin & Green, 2015). Overall, the study shows that teen parenting can have a significant negative impact on one’s educational and economic outcomes. Several studies have found age to be a predictive factor in parental behaviors. Lewin et al. (2013) have studied the data collected for 9, 250 children born in 2001 to determine the behavioral differences in the teen (15-19 years old), young (19-25 years old), and adult (over 25 years old) parents. The researchers interviewed parents, assessed children directly, and studied videotaped interactions between them (Lewin et al., 2013). They found that teen mothers were the least supportive and sensitive out of all groups (Lewin et al., 2013). Moreover, they used physical punishment more often than adult mothers (Lewin et al., 2013). The results of the study prove that younger mothers are more likely to display negative parenting behaviors. The last study examines the impact of teen parenting on children’s intellectual abilities. Loyola Briceno et al. (2013) tested the cognitive and language skills of 3, 013 Latino children from low-income families, who were 3-4 years old at the time. The data was collected using the standard Learning Accomplishment Profile-Diagnostic (LAP-D) tool with the
Abstract Subtle information regarding the multiple intelligence and the available learning styles stand out as crucial to every person. Such knowledge permits an individual to put more focus on one’s strengths, curtailing concerns on personal weaknesses. Since the development of the theory of multiple intelligence over two decades ago, it has proved vital in fostering sound learning since through exploration of the various existing ways through which people learn, a particular methodology, which is effective for a particular person can be deployed in teaching. This is incredibly important since people learn in different ways. Many scholars are of the opinion that no single general teaching approach works out universally among all people generally. This essay peruses through the authors’ most effective intelligence, how the styles affect the authors’ communication style and effectiveness. It further shows how one can apply the intelligence styles in a business setting to ensure better communication. Finally, considering the identified communication strengths, it introspects how the author may adapt to communicate with someone with a different intelligence style to ensure effective communication takes place. What were your top three “Intelligence” styles? Howard gardener proposed various types of intelligence in 1983, which included musical, interpersonal, linguistic, spatial-visual, bodily-kinesthetic, logical-mathematical, and intrapersonal. Other additional types of intelligence such as moral, naturalistic, and existential have found their way into the original seven. Although all are vital, linguistic, bodily-kinesthetic, and logical-mathematical are my top three intelligence styles. While not negating the subtle effective communication, class learning borrows largely from these three intelligence styles. One can easily inculcate these learning styles by adopting and practicing easy-to-articulate learning styles. Recognizing how one learns well has a noble benefit in that those endowed with visual learning abilities will take proactive steps to ensure
Introduction Liberia is a country which is in the western side of the coast of Africa. Liberia is a country that had its independence early in the 18th century in 1847 and is considered as one of the oldest countries in Africa in the acquiring of independence. Most of the inhabitants in Liberia are settlers and descendants of the region. The region is comprised of about sixteen ethnic linguistic groups which are usually referred to as the Niger-Congo family (Ayodeji, p64). There is the Mela group which is compromised of the Kissi and Gola and they are considered the oldest in the region. Other groups include the Mande group who are comprised of the Vai, Gbandi, kpelle, Lorna, Mende, mano and gio. From the time of colonization there lacked a difference between the colonized and the colonizers especially when the indigenous groups started adopting the behavior of the colonizers. There was great integration between the colonizers and the indigenous people and this gave rise to the American-Liberian generation. This group has since dominated the structure of the government and also the activities of the economy in Liberia. Main body The most common spoken language among the Liberians is English. Most of the National symbols are reflective of the American culture. This includes the national flag, the language among other activities within the economy. Most of the indigenous people have adopted the culture of the Americans and this has been passed over from generation to generation. This led to most indigenous people to forget about their tribes of origin and incorporate their lives into the western culture. Even though most individuals speak English, the society is basically bilingual and the ethnic groups will speak other languages including French. Other tribes such as the Bassa and the Vai tribes had developed their own vowels, alphabets and had come up with written language before the white came to settle in the region. They were actually among the first black communities to develop their own language (Carrie, p35). The society is divided into social classes. There is the minority class which is comprised of the American settlers and the indigenous majority. The settlers comprise of both the rich and the poor people. The indigenous people have been in existence since the 19 th century and they are divided into the civilized and the natives. These disparities have been brought up due to the differences in education. Education in the region mainly originated from the missionaries in Liberia who introduced the mission educati
Wal-Mart is one of the largest multinational retailing corporations operating in North America and globally. The company was founded by Sam Walton in 1962. Today, the company’s headquarters are located in Bentonville, Arkansas. The corporation developed from a small chain of stores in Arkansas, and now Wal-Mart operates more than 7,000 stores which are located round the world (Ingram, Yue, and Rao 55; “Walmart”). Wal-Mart’s operations are organized in a specific way to cover the needs of such divisions as the US stores, Wal-Mart Sam’s Club, and international stores located globally (“Walmart”). Wal-Mart stores propose a variety of food products, drugs, and general goods. To analyze the corporation’s retailing strategy and to state the perspectives for the corporation’s future development, it is necessary to focus on examining the Wal-Mart strategy’s strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities. The Analysis of the Industry and Wal-Mart’s Strategy The retailing industry in the United States is highly competitive, and Wal-Mart has to compete with such rivals as Kmart, Target, Meijer, and Safeway directly. The most challenging competition is observed in the sphere of general retailing where supermarkets compete in proposing a range of goods, stating low prices, and developing discounting strategies for customers. However, Wal-Mart also competes with Costco in the sphere of warehouse club activities (Pradhan 567). To compete within the industry effectively, Wal-Mart developed a successful retailing strategy which should be discussed with references to the concepts of target market and retail positioning (Levy and Weitz 110). Wal-Mart’s target customers are diverse in their needs and interests that is why the company orients to satisfy the demands of the different population’s categories, including women, elder persons, and children. Wal-Mart’s retail positioning depends on the ways of how the company can be differentiated from the other retailers within the industry. Wal-Mart chooses to attract different customers while proposing them a variety of products and innovative approaches to researching and analyzing their preferences (“Walmart”). To provide customers with the products which are interesting for them while following the low-cost strategy, Wal-Mart also develops the strong relations with suppliers, and these relations are beneficial for both the retailer and customers. This approach should be discussed with references to the company’s retailing mix which includes the focus on product, price, place, and promotion. Wal-Mart establishes strong relations with suppliers to provide customers with a variety of products satisfying their de
Rookery Building (1888) The Rookery, a historic building in the heart of Chicago’s downtown Financial District, mixes the charm of a bygone age with cutting-edge building systems and technology. The Rookery, designed by legendary architectural partners Burnham and Root, was finished in 1888. The Rookery is a transitional structure in the history of American architecture, using both masonry and metal construction technologies. It was built in the 1871 post-fire Chicago climate of technological innovation (Chicago Architecture Center, n.d.). The exterior walls are supported by masonry piers, while the interior structure is made of steel and iron. Root designed a revolutionary “floating foundation,” a system of iron rails and structural beams covered in cement that sustains the building’s weight, in order to establish such a large structure on Chicago’s soft clay soil. Many other characteristics of the building, such as passenger elevators and electricity, signaled the entrance of the modern era. Wrigley Building (1924) The Wrigley Building, situated in the heart of the Magnificent Mile and just minutes from the Michigan Avenue Bridge, has been a part of Chicago’s landscape since 1920. Architects Graham, Anderson, Probst & White designed a notable structure for such a prime spot (Chicago Architecture Center, 2012). The Wrigley Building was inspired by the Giralda tower of Seville Cathedral, which was mixed with French Renaissance elements. The complex
Thesis statement: A hurricane can be the most terrifying storm, people as well as the land can ever experience. The devastation caused by hurricanes is immense and the effects are felt for a long time after it is over. Hurricanes have brought destruction, loss of many lives and will remain etched in the minds of everyone who will have been affected by it, by the time it ends. Introduction A hurricane’s ability to cause immense damage to everything it comes across leaves people all over the world in awe, even those who do not expect to have to go through the effects of such a storm ever in their lives. Reports of Hurricane Katrina and the devastation it caused in New Orleans, the coast of Louisiana, parts of Mississippi and Alabama, in 2005, reflected just how much destruction both people and land could face in a hurricane (Leatherman & Williams 56). This was because they lacked some form of caution and preparation in handling an attack of a storm having been given warning of its coming. This hurricane showed everyone just how powerful hurricanes usually are. Hurricanes might not really be the main storms on the earth, but their mixture of size and strength make them fatal and the most disparaging storms on earth. Eye of the Hurricane ‘ The eye of the hurricane’ is a round area, which has lighter winds in the middle of tropical cyclone. This is at the axis, where precipitation is often lower as compared to the surroundings. It has less surface pressure with warmer temperatures as compared to the surroundings. They differ in size although they allegedly have a diameter of thirty to sixty kilometers. It is outlined by an ‘eye wall, ‘which has intense convection while the sunken air results to compression and warming in the eye. The eye occurs in the midst of wild tropical storm and is characterized by clear sky, calm air and warmer breeze. As hurricane gains its strength, the winds swirl wildly and an eye is created, which is circular and ra
Most forms of electronic news media supply their users with information on expected weather changes. Consequently, several individuals often rely on this kind of information to equip themselves with umbrellas, snow boots, and other weather-specific apparels. Weather forecasting refers to a wide array of scientific and technological applications that are used to predict future atmospheric conditions. Throughout history, mankind has attempted to forecast weather using several methods. Most of the weather forecasts that were performed before the nineteenth century were largely informal. However, modern weather forecasting involves scientific observations, historical data, and computer models. This paper explores the subject of weather forecasting and its impact on day-to-day human activities. The concept of weather forecasting has been around for several centuries. One ancient civilization that utilized weather forecasting is the Babylonian-civilization. In ancient Babylon, people forecasted the weather using features such as cloud patterns or the moon’s position. Furthermore, ancient philosophers and scholars recognized the need for putting together weather forecasting models. For instance, the famous Greek Philosopher Aristotle compiled a book that was titled “Meteorologica” and it illustrated lengthy weather patterns. In addition, as early as 300 BC the Chinese had a detailed weather prediction tradition. Ancient weather forecasting methods included observation of the lunar patterns, wind movements, and cloud positions. In ancient times, weather lore was passed down from one generation to another through the word of mouth. Nevertheless, most ancient weather forecasting methods have been nullified by modern statistical techniques. Modern weather forecasting took shape in the early 1800s when the electric telegraph was invented. The telegraph made it possible for weather observations to be relayed over long distances. Before the invention of the electronic telegraph, weather forecasts could only be relayed over distances of less than 100km per day. The telegraph enabled forecasters to learn about weather conditions that were happening upwind or downwind. The work of pioneer weather forecasters was greatly ridiculed because most ordinary people compared forecasting with ‘magic’. However, over time the work of early forecasters such as British naval officers Francis Beaufort and Robert FitzRoy formed the basis of modern forecasting. Some of these initial forecasting methods include the use of tide tables and wind-force scales. Another weather forecasting benchmark was the use of numeric predictions. Numerical weather prediction was pioneered by Fry Richardson. Richardson’s method involved a large number of forecasters passing their collected information to other stakeholders. Numerical prediction later became computer-enabled weather forecasting. Numerical prediction is thought to have started in 1955 when the use of electronic computers became widespread. One of the most prominent features of weather forecasting is broadcasts. Broadcasts have enabled weather forecasts to be relayed o