ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Social and economic aspects that can bring conflicts in societies While I believe that the social aspect, entitlement, could be a source of conflict between an individual and his government, this is one aspect that any developed government would like to extend to its citizens. Such entitlements, for instance, housing and food are indicators of a government with a stable economy that is willing to alleviate its citizens from the economic burden. The essence is that the government is actually giving back to its hardworking citizens so that they shift focus on other aspects of development. Consequently, contrary to the student’s mindset, this would enhance economic growth as citizens concentrate on other aspects of development. However, conflict may emanate from an ideal situation where the government promises to provide the entire basic needs of its citizens (Giddens and Duneier 23). As such, it would breed a lazy lot of citizens, and in the long run, it would not be able to sustain these entitlements, thus creating social conflicts. Nonetheless, the feasibility of having an ideal situation is highly unlikely because even the most established economies cannot provide, entirely, all the basic needs to its entire citizens. Moreover, there are a host of secondary needs that need to be fulfilled by an individual hence; one is likely to continue working hard in order to meet them. In a nutshell, entitlement as a social aspect is unlikely to cause conflict between the citizens and the state (US) in the current setting (Rummel 8). With regards to immigration and the economic aspect, I have a feeling that a runaway situation is the one that can cause conflicts (Malesevic 2). This can only happen when the government is not keen on its economy and immigration policies. With a good economy and immigration policies, America’s situation, I believe immigrants are a blessing. They represent brain gain and create a consumer base in the US. This would further enhance development. As such, I don’t believe this can cause conflict in an economy such as the US. Political, Religious, and cultural aspects that can bring conflicts in societies Indeed, a political aspect that can result in a conflict pitting a government and an individual is war. War is one aspect that breeds animosity between the US and its citizens. Most
The United States of America currently boasts of being the number one democracy in the world. This is a feature that is imminent given the open fact that its political scene is not as murky as that of other nations globally, the country has two major political parties: the Republican Party and the Democratic Party. These are the only parties that have governed the country alternatively ever since her independence. Currently, the country is under the governance of the Democratic Party following a two-term Republican reign. The parties have to this day kept attracting varying politicians who in turn shape the policies that the parties ascribe to and governed by. Some of these policies result in politicians jumping from republican to Democratic part and vice versa alternatively and this is the trend that has characterized American politics. In the 1960s and 1970s, a majority of Americans, both political leaders and civilians moved their loyalty from the Democratic Party to the Republican Party a trend that led to the Republican Party reigning for a long time. This was this change of perception and preference was spearheaded by several pressure groups and for several reasons some of which are discussed below: For a long time America stayed a capitalist economy, the market mostly consisted of the owners and nonowners to the means of production. The owners thus amassed a lot of wealth and this consequently led to the rise of the class system of societal stratification. This type of economy resulted in increased poverty and was a trend that was likely to stall the American development dream. When the Republican party started fostering for a more liberal market, one in which the government regulated the playing field by introducing public corporations, most citizens got attracted to the party and this was followed by a massive migration from the democratic party that was largely viewed as being full of capitalists. Small and medium-sized investors formed the first group of the elite Americans to quit the New Deal coalition for the Republican Party because the type of economy that the Democratic Party propagated for would only favor the rich and the powerful who coincidentally constituted its management. The other factor that led to the massive move from the Democratic Party to the Republican Party was the appreciation of the African American community in the country. The USA’s population is composed of diverse people of sundry backgrounds, key among them is the Afr
While analyzing the scope of the terrible events of the German Holocaust, it is hard to believe that the social anti-Semitism could have progressed to such a stage within a couple of years. It is evident that it should have taken a longer period for the Germans to accept the relevant ideology and adopt the unjustified prejudices against the Jewish nation. Therefore, the question arises concerning the factors that determined such a rapid development of the anti-Semitic phenomenon in the course of the Second World War. Historians have contradictory views on the nature of the German anti-Semitism’s violence as well as on its roots. One of the common opinions supports the idea that it was the First World War that created a favorable environment for the cultivation of the anti-Semitic values. The defeat in this war prompted the German society to search for external forces guilty of their misfortunes. Under the relevant circumstances, the Jewish nation was an easy target for the government to shift the social attention from the flaws in the national policy to the external enemy. Therefore, the paper at hand is aimed at examining the role of the First World War in the development of anti-Semitism in Germany. In the framework of the relevant analysis, one makes an attempt to study the interconnection between the events of this war and the outrages of violence of the Holocaust. On the one hand, the tragic events of the First World War were particularly significant for the Jewish population as they signified the outbreak of a large-scale anti-Semitism campaign. In fact, this war served to be the catalyst for the Second World War, and, consequently, the Holocaust, the most tragic events of the twentieth century. Today, it is hard to indicate the determinants of the unprecedented cruelty that took hold of society after the First World War. In the meantime, one might assume that there is a series of factors that can explain the interconnection between this war and the future catastrophe. First and foremost, the First World War is important for understanding the development of anti-Semitism in German from a political standpoint. Thus, it was during this war that the German anti-Semitism underwent a crucial transformation. If previously it could have been regarded as a local phenomenon, in the course of the war, it turned into a national ideology. Therefore, it is logical to assume that as well as any other ideological changes, this shift was initiated by the government. The fact that the German right-wing party advanced the anti-Semitic racial ideology in the final part of the war seems to be undoubted. The party offered sustainable support for all the radical and nationalist movements that appeared during the war. Nevertheless, it must be confessed that despite the fact that German politicians overtly announced the anti-Semitic appeal, they still did not treat the Jews as their principal enemies. In other
Looker Looker is one of the companies that provide superior systems for guiding companies to benefit from the concept of Big Data. This organization introduces the technology by producing and marketing its Looker app to different customers. This is a powerful platform designed to connect customers and business entities. Companies can utilize the app to monitor their clients in a flexible and scalable way (Tunguz & Bien 2016). The system is easy to secure and capable of supporting decision-making processes. Looker’s app presents a number of changes in the manner in which companies use Big Data to meet their clients’ needs. The first one is that the system guides business leaders to make evidence-based decisions and engage in data analytics. The next one is that it provides a complete view of customers’ needs, expectations, and experiences (Tunguz & Bien 2016). Another change is that the system has a pre-built design or app that is aimed at improving organizational performance. Firms can use it to link different units or departments to deliver positive results. Many businesses embracing the use of the Looker app have managed to record a number of benefits or achievements. For instance, they have improved their decision-making procedures by getting real-time information about customers’ behaviors and expectations. The use of the technology also guides HR managers to consider the questions and issues their employees present after interacting with different clients (Tunguz & Bien 2016). The app also improves communication between departments and units. Looker’s solution has made it easier for companies to implement changes informed by customers’ changing demands. The tool maximizes collaboration, participation, a
Background The United States has been regarded as one of the models for a democratic country. People are highly involved in electoral processes in the USA, as they understand their responsibility in making their country powerful and truly democratic (Li et al., 2018). At the same time, the American electoral right is also associated with certain issues and areas of concern that are closely linked to the changes that occur globally and locally. Most Burning Issues for Voters Next Year Based on the State of the Current Electorate Right in the USA The country is heading the big midterm elections that will be characterized by some issues. One of the primary concerns is still related to health as people have to face numerous restrictions that can persist next year and can affect election campaigns and voters’ behaviors (Pew Research Center, 2020). Many people will choose to vote by mail, while this option is criticized by many voters and politicians for being less transparent. Parties can also face some financial constraints as Americans have to address multiple financial issues due to the global economic situation and local problems. Election campaigns are funded by donations, so parties try to raise as much as possible so that they could reach as many people as possible (Schmidt et al., 2018). The amount of donated money can be considerably lower as compared to previous years, which can affect the quality of the campaigns or, rather, their reach. Politicians may fail to use such instruments as TV due to the need for substantial investment. Hence, the focus on social media can become a solution for many. Social media have been widely employed and proved to be effective (Pew Research Center, 2020). However, they cover a limited number of age groups (excluding older voters, for instance, to a certain extent). Older Americans still rely on the information they receive from television when making their voting choices. Another significant aspect to consider is voter
Introduction Universal healthcare “refers to a system where the country’s government manages the healthcare network in order to make basic care available to every citizen” (Runzheimer & Larsen, 2010, p. 110). Universal healthcare is also referred to as social health protection, universal coverage, universal health coverage or universal care. The main objective of universal healthcare is to enhance the accessibility and affordability of healthcare. A majority of developed countries have implemented sound healthcare policies; however, the US lacks a well defined universal healthcare policy. This paper aims at evaluating how universal healthcare has been approached in the UK and Canada, and compares their approach with the US. Relevance of Universal healthcare: An analysis of the importance of having universal healthcare Universal healthcare offers specified health benefits that are effective, easily affordable and accessible to members of the society. Universal care is governed by the extent of coverage. That is, the cost of the cover, services covered and the people covered. In countries with healthcare systems, governments come up with committees to manage the healthcare system. Difficult but practical decisions, such as deciding how much to pay for an extra year of life, are made. Payments for procedures, surgeries and drugs are discussed and set by committees. Universal healthcare provides for equitable distribution of resources for all people. Thus, everyone is guaranteed of some level of healthcare; a feature that enhances the general life expectancy of the people covered. Most importantly, patients have access to primary care and basic health screening tools. Therefore, diseases that can be prevented or treated early are identified and managed accordingly. Historical and Present Policies and Programs Addressing the Universal Healthcare: Examples from the US, UK, and Canada Due to the high cost of medical care and low life expectancy, most countries formulated universal healthcare programs to address these issues. As indicated earlier, universal healthcare enables citizens to access basic healthcare and screening tools thus preventing the occurrence of preventable disease. Thus, universal healthcare requires adequate funding in order to manage and implement its set objectives. Most countries employ mixed models in generating funds for the healthcare plan (Bramley-Harker & Mcdonald, 2007). The majority of the funds come from general taxation. Other models include private payments either directly or via insurance agencies for services not offered in the public system scheme. A majority of universal healthcare systems in European countries like in the UK is funded through mixed models that incorporate public and private contributions. A significant amount of the non governmental funding comes from employers and employees in the form of regulated, non profit funds. Such contributions
Introduction This essay answer the question posed concerning the role of civil society in combating corruption. Corruption has been escalating at a high rate in many countries in the world. Various sectors and government agencies have embarked on the war to fight corruption. This is because of the harmful effects of corruption to individuals as well as the economy as a whole. The civil society also has not lagged behind in fighting corruption. The civil society comprises of diverse groups but all have a role in fighting corruption in one way or another. These groups include citizens, religious organization groups, NGOs among others. As stakeholders in the quality of governance and institutions mediating between the government and the public, civil society plays a key role in fighting corruption. At the country level as well as internationally, this statement is unchallenged. But what does it mean in practice? To what extent is the statement true? These are some of the question this paper addresses and go further in highlighting the nature of civil society involvement. The first part of this essay defines what corruption is and highlights few causes of corruption. The second part of this paper explains how civil society has evolved giving more focus to the third world countries. It also highlights the various roles that the civil society can take to combat corruption. Initiatives taken to empower the civil society have also been highlighted including the role of the media. In conclusion this essay acknowledges the fact that civil role has key roles to play in combating corruption and these roles should be enhanced. What is Corruption? According to Botchwey (2000), corruption is defined as the act of obtaining advantage via dubious means or means that are not legitimate immoral, and that are inconsistent with the rights of others or the duty of the perpetrator. Corruption also exists where people may apply public powers for their own or private gains. Corruption exists in our society and has always existed. The act is evil and unacceptable and has many negative consequences. Corruption is an impediment factor to economic growth and may cause economic downturn where it is severe. Most of the democratic institutions like legal institutions have suffered or suffer most where corruption is prevalent. Some of the gangrenous effects of corruption may include low supply of public goods and services, embezzlement of public funds, downgraded infrastructures among others. There factors are detrimental to economic growth and development and calls for immediate attention wherever they exist. For war against corruption to be won, efforts must move beyond a narrow response to a broader approach of addressing its underlying causes (Al – Shuaibi, n.d). Dea
In the era of modernism, poets tried to find a basis for the further existence of people in the world, and for some, such a basis was the strengthening of ties with nature. Moreover, poetry itself becomes the central value, conceived as a way to build a new world (Shoptaw). Later, during the transition to postmodernism, poetry about nature turns into ecopoetry, where authors represent nature as a system of interrelationships that have intrinsic value. The focus is on the development of moral issues of human interaction with other members of the natural community and the environment as a whole. In the ecopoets’ works, there is a shift from recognizing the significance of human individuality to admitting the value of each element of the ecosystem. Despite their power, people should not forget that their lives depend on nature, and it is worth starting to appreciate it more. Ecopoetry is an attempt to express in verse an awareness of the problems of interconnection with nature. One of the main characteristics of ecopoetry, as defined by James Engelhardt, is that it is connected to the world in a way that implies responsibility, and it is surrounded by ethical issues (as cited in McNee 14). Ecopoets raise emotions and communicate with their audience, identifying themselves with the entities that inhabit the planet: a tortured animal or uprooted tree. In this way, the Earth speaks and sends its message of anxiety or pain through poetry. Ecopoetry has certain features that distinguish it as the unique direction and allow it to emphasize nature’s importance. Ecopoets widely use metaphors – for example, a metaphor of the family to convey the relationship and interdependence of various natural system elements. At the same time, the authors avoid comparisons with the human world since nature is valuable in its intact and uniqueness. Another example of the techniques used in ecopoetry is the appeal to myths reminiscent of the past when people were closer to nature. Moreover, many creators also prefer free form for their work, emphasizing that there is no established order that could last forever in the world. Most of these elements are relevant to the poems analyzed below. Four pieces are different examples of the direction discussed and are practical for its study. Poems represent contrasting situations and aspects of the environmental problem, which attracted their authors, but they also combine similar ideas. The poem “The Bull Moose,” written by Alden Nowlan, is an indicative example of ecopoetry. The contrast between oppressed nature, personified in Bull Moose, and people
There are hardly similarities between the Islam and Buddhist perceptions on ‘the soul’. The differences are more distinct. Nonetheless, close examination reveals a small glimpse of common ground. The Soul according to Islam: Muslim philosophers have always considered the question of the ‘soul’ in relation to its existence, nature, rationality, objective, and eternity. Ibn Sina, in his piece, The Soul, asserts that the existence and manifestation of the souls can be found in the fact that there is a sense of will- an intangible entity- in human action, i.e. human bodies act in ways that are not natural to them. Sifa, therefore, attributes this aspect to an entity other than the physical body. This principle then is known as the ‘soul’. And this soul resides in all creations of Allah, including animals and plants. Notably, Sifa presents the aspect of the rational soul, which he argues does not need an extrinsic justification for its existence. It is simply aware of its existence as independent of the body, i.e. it is not concerned with the material world. But it is quite challenging to understand the Muslim understanding of the nature of the soul. As already imp
Introduction The Australian’s fair work act, 2009 began operating on July 2009. It provides a fair framework for any workplace relations that promote national economic prosperity and social Inclusion for all Australians. In addition, it provides fair workplace laws that are flexible and favorable for the country’s economic growth, productivity, and for business operations. This act ensures that net pay and wages are up to the national employment standards for the sake of employees. It also enhances flexibility, thus assisting employees to balance their work and family responsibility. According to the Australia’s Employment Act (2009), an employer should never contradict the national employment standards. The main issue that concerns the Fair Work Act, 2009 is that, it provides fair wages and conducive employment conditions, termination of employment, dispute resolution, enterprise bargaining, and industrial action. The act also requires an employer to abide by the terms and conditions of employment. For instance, an employer cannot force a fulltime employee to work for more than 38 hours in a week unless there is a reasonable reason for the extra hours. Therefore, an employee is obliged to refuse to work for extra unreasonable hours by exercising his/ her rights (National employment standards 2009). “With the introduction of the Fair Work Act (2009) the pendulum of workplace regulation in Australia has swung back towards the centre. Discuss with reference to the implications for bargaining over terms and conditions of employment.” According to Holley et al (2008 pp 243), collective bargaining is an activity that involves the union representatives and the employer and management officials, in an attempt to solve conflicting issues that affect employees, thus sustaining and boosting the work relationship. When collective bargaining is successful, it boosts relationship between the employers and employees, thus both parties begin to trust each other through transparency and honesty; indeed, the possibility of damage is reduced. According to Caisey (2007, pp 36), there are four types of collective agreements; a single –employer collective agreement, single union collective agreement, a multi-employer agreement and a multi- union and multi-employer collective agreement. Collective bargaining includes discussing pressing issues such as  1. Bargaining assistance to the low paid employees – it may involve issues such as employees designated to childcare, security, and community services;  2. Abolishment of tough rules of industrial action where it may harm the country’s economy or even interfering with the economy of