ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The concept of archetypes is one of the core theories in developmental psychology. The formation of archetypes and the effects they produce have been discussed by multiple psychologists. One of the first professionals to explore and expand the theory was Carl Jung. In psychology, the mother archetype has become the foundation of what psychologists call mother-complex (Stromer 3). Stromer maintains that “mothers will always play a critical role in disturbing or reshaping infantile neuroses” (5). The Great Mother Archetype is widely used to portray the most appropriate values and behaviors that participate in the restoration of a feminine ego. In literature, the characters depicting mother figures reflect the mother archetype and function as guidelines for the issues of the spectrum. This paper discusses three literary works to determine how the authors employ the Jungian mother archetype to develop the personalities of the leading protagonists. The books “Charlotte’s Web”, “The Root Cellar”, and “The Secret Garden” explore how the restoration of the loss of the feminine ego can have nourishing implications on the lives of the affected individuals. However, the appearance of new hope has the potential to restore this feminine ego and eventually promote happiness. Mother Archetype and Its Meaning for the Children The behaviors and actions of different mothers can split the psyche of the children thus resulting in neurosis associated with hatred and antagonism. The examination of the mechanisms of the mother archetype and its effect on children helps the professionals to identify the tendency that demonstrates “how resistance to a mother can arise due to the parent’s inhibition of specific feminine aspects or because of increased societal supremacy” (McCarthy 6). The Jungian approach argues that the instincts of small children tend to be disturbed during their early years. The disturbance of this nature usually constellates new archetypes that define the relationships between children and their mothers. For instance, Young children whose mothers are overanxious tend to link them with witchcraft or hatred. Additionally, some children might have dreams portraying their mothers as terrifying animals. As a result, a neurosis that splits the psyche of the children may form at the early stages of children’s development. Mother Archetype in Charlotte’s Web In the book Charlotte’s Web , the author uses the archetype of a mother to develop the personality of the main protagonist. Despite being an ordinary spider, Charlotte plays the role of a mother figure to the pig named Wilbur. It is noteworthy that initially, the image of a spider is not traditionally associated with care and love. On the contrary, a spider may be viewed as a symbol of a sinister character or a trickster archetype. The relationship b
Introduction One of the great accomplishments of the 20 th century is improvement in life expectancy. For instance, demographic figures indicate that life expectancy in America has increased from 45 years in the early 1900s to 75.6 in the year 2004 (Feldstein 23). Nevertheless, improved life expectancy joint with decreasing birth rates is becoming a major concern in today’s society. Across the globe, the population is ageing. The situation is being experienced at a time when the number of people required in the workforce is increasing raising fears over its impacts to the society (Firth 56). As such, diverse age groups have dissimilar desires and productive capabilities. Therefore, countries’ social, economic, political, and environmental features will vary as their population ages. Social Positive effects                                                                                                                                                                         Negative effects                                                                                                                                                                                                   * Ageing people contribute positively to society through their services (Harper 4). Compared to the younger generation, the elderly participate more in community voluntary services.    * Ageing population strains medical services. Unlike the younger generation, the elderly are prone to terminal illnesses, which require comprehensive medical services and care.                                 * Aging population leads to a lower crime rate.                                                                                                                                          * Older people have specific needs like declining mobility. The above imply that they are more dependent on other persons. A country with increased aging persons is straining its present population numbers.   * Older people participate in supporting and sustaining social network enhancing family and community setups.                                                                            * Ageing population will strain resources in elderly homes.                                                                                                                                                     Economic Positive effects                                                                                                    Negative effects                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       * Aging population leads to shortage of workers leading to increased wages (Jones 20). Through this, the economic growth of a country will be impaired.                          * An increased aging population will lead
Introduction The history of health care in the USA has been closely tied to the political sphere for many years. In 1935, a massive government-led program was formed into the Social Security Act which included some major changes for American society (Altman & Kingson, 2015). In the first drafts of this major document, a health care reform was proposed as a way to change the insurance policies and provide people with more opportunities to get access to healthcare. However, the Roosevelt administration, in hopes to approve the Act quickly, removed this part of the document. It can be assumed that this decision was based on various facts; no strong support was voiced to include health insurance policies, and some opposition arose to the government’s intrusion into people’s private matters. If revised health insurance policies were included in the Social Security Act, Americans’ economic situation would have changed drastically, since the cost of mediation and procedures would not be dictated by the industry. Health Insurance Provision The impact of the choice made by the administration during the enactment of the Social Security Act is most visible in disadvantaged populations. According to Dickman, Himmelstein, and Woolhandler (2017), a significant part of a low- and middle-income households have to give away a major share of their income to have health insurance, thus losing any opportunities to save money or plan for the future. To balance their spendings, many Americans are neglecting their health, choosing to stop purchasing medications, or agreeing to procedures due to their high costs (Dickman et al., 2017). Moreover, one may also see that life expectancy, wage growth, living quality, and other similar indicators have been showing that the gap between the rich and the poor is growing. This problem is also strongly related to racial inequality, with many African-American communities having high rates of uninsured persons (Dickman et al., 2017). Thus, the effect of exclusion is apparent – the lack of help has been increasing the divide between the incomes of different socioeconomic groups, taking away people’s change to purchase insurance, or afford health care. As Sommers, Kenney, and Epstein (2014) find, the later introduced Affordable Healthcare Act (ACA) has produced an impact that could be made in 1935, expanding people’s opportunities to receive care. The authors note that enrollment into the program raised an overall number of people with health insurance and argue that more people could be eligible for this program with time. Dickman et al. (2017) state that private insurance does not work for many Americans, raising prices without giving more access to care. Thus, one may suggest that a structure such as single-payer healthcare may help the populations to balance their needs and opportunities and gain access to health care that they currently cannot afford. In this system, the taxes would include payment for some essential healthcare practices, hospital visits, and emergency care. These services would be similar to the active Medicare or the Veterans Health Administration but would include all residen
Case Study Susan is a single girl aged 25 years. Since the account of the incidence, almost a month, she lost interest in work and concentration on activities relating to work at her place of work. She likes staying home since; home environment provides her with the comfort and security she needs. She viewed that if she continued to work, the same incident will happen in her life again, even though she believed it was impossible. Susan does not like watching TV during her free time, but she likes working in her garden and hanging on the internet to pass time alone. Consequently, Susan has been experiencing hardship in sleeping for several weeks, and when she does sleep, she encounters horrible dream, which makes her wake up sweating. Support for Susan has been facilitated by her supportive parents; however, she has secluded herself from her friends making her spend most of her time “in the house”. Consequently, Susan’s mood differs, sometimes she can feel dead inside, feels not hurting her and she does not need much to eat. Post-traumatic Stress disorder Symptoms, PTSD People often experience PTSD after a traumatic event that leaves them with fear and helplessness. It affects individuals who personally experience the catastrophe. The traumatic events that hint to post-traumatic stress disorder are compelling and frightening. When person nous of safety and hope are exhausted, it is common for such kind of person to feel detached, traumatized, in other occasions, a person may feel crazy. Moreover, it is also common to experience horrible dreams for a prolonged time after trauma. The abnormal reactions to fear triggering events eventually fade with time depending on the magnitude of the trauma. Re-experiencing Symptoms Susan, experiences; horrible dreams, which makes her wake up while sweating, frightening thoughts, and flashbacks. These symptoms deny her sleep besides influencing her daily life. Weaver et al. referred to these kinds of symptoms as re-experiencing, which causes a problem in an individual every-day (2007). The re-examining symptoms cause problems to an individual affecting his or daily life, hence, objects, situations or words act as reminders triggering these symptoms According to Weaver et al. (2007), in a post- traumatic experience, an individual life tends to return to normal. Hence experiences such as feeling frightened, anxious, sad and detached begin to get stabilized in an individual life. However, with time, the upsets subsides and a person starts to recognize the importance of life. Weaver et al. explores that, in some occasions, the trauma a person experiences can be overwhelming, thus restricting flexibility of a person (2007). Such a person keeps remembering the painful memories that resulted from the event that instilled the fear. Susan’s experience can be connected to the aforementioned discussion. Since the incident occurred in her life, she did not have interest going to work. Though, she knew that the event is unlikely to recur. Thus, to ensure her comfo
Introduction The origin of silkworms’ products such as silk is believed to have emanated from China as this was the first established niche for silkworms by way of introduction of the mulberry tree. Silk is a natural fibre that is generated by silkworms in their quest to build a cocoon. It occurs in single long strands that are released by the worms and can measure up to several hundred metres. After the discovery of silk in china, this product was endemic to the Chinese communities but later it received global acceptance and thus the increasing demand for the silk products. Particular, the Asian market was very fond of silk garments thus, leading to the emergence of a trend that saw the popularization of silk products as trendy and luxurious because of silk’s high quality natural fibre. Further, the increasing interest in silk made garments and the luxury attached to the silk products made the silk products popular than gold thus leading to the emergence of silk trade. This particular trade involved the exchange of products such as silver and gold for the luxuries silk fibre. This trade was majorly between the Westward and the East leading to the emergence of what was referred to as the silk route. Hangzhou is China’s hometown of silk and silk industry and quite famous for its long history. It has long established itself as the home of silk production. It has approximately 300 silk production enterprises at present, leading the country in terms of the number of factories. In the long course of historical development, it created a brilliant performance, and there were the golden era of prosperity；It produced a wealth of material products as well as valuable experience in production technology derived from a large number of spiritual wealth as well as cultural content. Industry Background The background of the silk industry can be traced back to the Romans who discovered the relevance of this fabric from their colonies. After the Romans discovered silk, the market and demand for silk made products in Rome escalated thus contributing to a scarce in silk. Due to the value attached to the silk products, the Romans were adamant in trying to find out the source of silk or how it was produced thus necessitating the need to track down the silk traders in all the towns and the villages. Unfortunately, the traders were not aware of the silk source as they were majorly merchants rather than the producers. Therefore, the traders were in no position to disclose details as it appertains to the production of silk. Due to the Romans dire quest to find the source of the silk, Roman soldiers were sent for a mission of tracking down the silk sources and the people involved in the production of the same by following the silk route. However, this mission was faced by a few setbacks as, some of the soldiers did not see throug
In order to formulate novel and effective marketing strategies for certain firms, it is essential to first analyze their current approaches to advertising and factors that are and are not efficient. Turkish Airlines is a successful air travel company that had continued to thrive even after the introduction of deregulation in Turkey when international firms were able to offer domestic flights where only one company provided them prior. Turkish Airlines are able to maintain a profitable state due to high ticket sales, international presence, low prices, and prevalent marketing (Aydoğan, 2017). Turkish Airlines currently utilizes several mediums for advertising, including printed media, television, sales of branded products, and more. The strategy employed by Turkish Airlines can be summarized as being geographically localized and standardized, which offers both strengths and weaknesses. While this method of marketing is well-researched and reliable, it is not inherently adaptable to changes in technology and culture. For instance, with the rise of social media, the entire landscape of marketing has shifted, with engagement with advertisements being much higher through networking platforms. A recent public relations campaign included the potential to win tickets when posting a selfie (Ott, 2018). While the advertisement was a success, the company has not used its online presence to its full potential. As such, the recommended additions to the current marketing strategies of Turkish Airlines include increasing their prevalence and engagement on social media. This can be done through a number of methods. First, competitions for free winnings, tickets, or other products are always effective in gathering exposure. The recurring provision of discount codes or notifications of sales is also a productive strategy. Turkish Airlines may also employ its platform to address and impact causes or matters that its customers care about. While these are the primary and most effective approaches, expansion on their social media platforms is likely to garner better exposure than more traditional marketing.
The history of the United States gives many examples showing that people representing various ethnic or racial groups could be treated in different ways by the government of the country. This paper is aimed at discussing the Chinese Exclusion Act adopted in 1882. It is possible to say that this legal act was signed for two reasons. First of all, the policy-makers of that period could have a great number of racial prejudices, and Chinese people were perceived as representatives of a non-white race. Secondly, policy-makers attempted to respond to the concerns about the job security of American workers. In turn, the abolition of this law can be attributed to the decreasing importance of racial ideology and political motives such as the need to show that America is a progressive country that does not condone any form of discrimination. Moreover, the repeal of the Chinese Exclusion Act can be partly explained by the growing influence of the civil rights movements in the country. These are the most important factors that should be discussed. On the whole, it is possible to say that the discussion of this legal act can throw light on the political and social transformation of the United States. It should be noted that the Chinese immigrations to the United States began in the first half of the nineteenth century. In part, it can be explained by the California Gold Rush which was perceived as an opportunity for many people to achieve success (Gyory 1998, p. 6). At that time, policy-makers did not object to presence of Chinese immigrants because the country required inexpensive labor force and immigrants were of great use to entrepreneurs of the country (Gyory 1998, p. 6). However, the situation changed dramatically several decades later when American workers began to view immigrants as a threat to their job security and economic wellbeing of their families (Gyory 1998, p. 6). Therefore, it was necessary to limit the inflow of foreigners in the United States. Nevertheless, widespread concern about immigration was not the only reason for the adoption of Chinese Exclusion Act because similar anti-immigration policies were not applied to people of other nationalities who could come from Germany, Italy, or Ireland. Close attention should be paid to the anti-Asian beliefs widespread among many people, even among legislators. For example, one can speak about such a term as Yellow Peril that was used to describe Chinese and Japanese people. The very existence of this phrase implies that these immigrants were perceived as a threat to American identity and the welfare of local workers. Additionally, one should not forget that at that time, racial prejudices and biases that existed before the adoption of this law. At that moment, many political activists of the country such as Benjamin Hill were firmly convinced that white people were greatly superior to other races (Skowronek 2006, p. 390). Similarly, Chinese immigrants were also perceived as non-white people who could not the same civil rights. Moreover, one s
Significance of research Biomimetic strategies have paved the way for synthesis of complex organic molecules from simple precursors. Though much progress has been seen in this field, developing synthetic equivalents from naturally occurring substances is still a challenge (Enders, 2008, p. 46). Biomineralisation is a process which produces synthetic minerals or their precursors under moderate conditions of supersaturation in contrast to colloidal or solution processing techniques normally used. The ‘engineered substrate’ surface would influence the ‘morphology, location, orientation and crystallographic phase’ (Leonor et al, 2004, p. 123). Most of the biological model systems are complex. The microenvironment and the relationship between the organic matrix and the precursors of mineral formations decide the kind of product obtained. Complex architectural products are formed measuring from nanometres to millimeters in the form of minerals, structural biological polymers of proteins and polysaccharides, lipids and cells and at minimum energy costs. The biomineralisation pathway has the added advantage of being environmental friendly. (Liu and Lim, 2003). The resultant tissue has multifunctions many times more than its precursor and minimizing the amount of material used. Biological materials have the ‘self-repairing ability’. Technologies like ‘electronics, biotechnology, biosensors, material’s fabrication such as ceramics, nanocomposites, coatings use enzymes, proteins, peptides, functional groups, anchoring units and growth modifiers’ for inorganic compound synthesis (Leonor et al, 2004, p. 143). These methods are also useful in developing material for biomedical applications. Multifunctional biomolecules could be manufactured through recombinant proteins, genetic engineering site-directed mutagenesis to obtain peptides that bind specifically to inorganic surfaces (Shiba et al, 2003). The enormous number of enzymes in Nature enhances the possibility of designing new multifunctional synthetic products using natural techniques. The experience of the natural world can be effectively used for making great advances in materials research and a huge contribution to society (Leonor et al, 2004, p.144). New polypropionate metabolites have been isolated from terrestrial and marine ecological systems from phylogenetically diverse structures as sponge and bacteria (Moses, 2003, p. 3670). Many of the isolated compounds like erythromycin, monensin, methymycin, tylosin and nonactic acid are biologically important. Their functions range from imm