ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Today the businesses are aimed at expansion and globalization, so they are to examine foreign countries and their markets to select those that are likely to bring the most benefit. Companies gather lots of various information to make sure that the market segments they chose are decent targets. To do this, they consider the peculiarities of consumer, industrial and government markets (Gaspar et al., 2013). Consumer Markets Consumer markets are the markets that provide the general public with various products and services. The companies that refer to these markets often need to deal with the problems that occur due to the alterations in clients’ loyalty and the lack of certainty when anticipating what will be preferred by the customers. These markets are segmented considering the main customer groups in regard to “various demographic, psychographic, behavioristic and geographic traits” (Suttle, 2015, para. 1). These markets include fast-moving consumer goods that are not very valuable but are needed in everyday life and can be repurchased very quickly, for example, packed meals and newspapers, etc. Consumer durables are markets that present low volume goods that are relatively costly, such as refrigerators and personal computers, etc. Consumer markets usually consider a particular population and provide aggressive advertising. The companies that are operating in it are focused on innovation, as they need to attract the customer’s attention to their products when there are lots of similar to them. An example of these markets can be ready meals. Industrial Markets Industrial markets are also known as business ones. They are different from the consumer markets, as they do not provide the customers with their products directly. Industrial markets sell goods and services to other businesses that are more tightly connected to clients. That is why these markets are not targeted at the general public and have a small number of buyers. There are three types of industrial markets. The first one is focused on selling finished products. It can provide furniture or some technological systems. Another example includes such markets as the metal industry. They deal with raw materials and parts of the products. The third type of industrial market focuses on selling services to other businesses. It can be the market that provides legal services, disposes waste, etc. As a rule, industrial markets are characterized by long-term relations and large amounts of the products that are purchased (Riley, 2012). Government Market Government market also differs from the previous ones in terms of its customers. These are local, state and federal authorities. They buy the products offered by the private sector to produce and transfer them to the public sector. The variety of goods
The investor has a habit of investing in firms that are undergoing harsh economic times and by applying sound business management skills, he is able to make a profit out of such an investment. Alternatively, he may deem it necessary to sell some of the firm’s assets and inject the revenue into the business. That was what was on the investor’s mind when he decided to explore Cabinet Manufacturing Ltd. The firm was already faced with a high debt ratio and as such, it was undergoing a period of financial difficulty. As such, Cabinet Manufacturing Ltd is a classic example of the nature of investments that the investor normally targets. Before investing in any business venture, it is always prudent for a prospective investor to undertake a thorough assessment of the business they are interested in. This way, it becomes easier to reduce possible risks of a failed investment. The investor has decided to consult Harris, who is a business consultant, so that he can undertake this assessment. He in turn recommends Danzil, a consulting engineer, to undertake an assessment of the value and condition of the firm’s equipment. In this case, Danzil would also be expected to advise the investor on what actions to take so that the firm can attain profitability. The investor is satisfied with their plan, and he gives them the go-ahead. During their investigations, the consultants realize that by reducing the firm’s debt-equity ratio and by altering some of the manufacturing processes, Cabinet Manufacturing Ltd can still attain profitability. The investors introduce them to the firm’s present owners and once the business consultants realize the potential profitability of the firm, they form a corporation with the intention of purchasing the shares of the firm. The investor’s offer of $ 3 million is promptly rejected but when Harris and Danzil make a counteroffer of 3.1 $ through the corporation where they are the major shareholders, it is accepted. Possible arguments that might be raised by the plaintiff As the plaintiff, the investor could argue that Harris and Danzil had an ill motive when they decided to form a corporation with the intention of purchasing the shares of Cabinet Manufacturing Ltd. They were already representing the interests of the investor when undertaking the assessment of the firm and this is a reflection of an unethical practice. In addition, they did not inform the investor that they had also decided to pursue the business opportunity, at which point they should have stopped representing the investor to avoid conflict of interest. The investor could also accuse them of undervaluing the worth of the firm so that his bid could be rejected. Possible argument
Admittedly, studying a foreign language will be beneficial for young people as well as the entire educational system and the US society. Young Americans will be able to compete successfully in the US and world labor market. Importantly, four-year program of learning a foreign language in school will have a great positive impact on development of diversity and inclusion as young people will better understand other languages and cultures, which is essential for the highly diverse US society (see fig. 1). However, it is necessary to add that the program is associated with certain economic and structural disadvantages that have to be addressed to make the program successful. Figure 1: The US Population Is Highly Diverse (The United States of education, 2014). In the first place, the program will require additional funds and this can be a significant burden for some areas. Implementation of the policy entails the change of the curriculum, additional training of the faculty and hiring teachers of foreign languages. Clearly, not all teachers are bilingual and only a few schools have teachers of certain languages. More so, the rate of diversity among teachers is very low as more than 80% of educators are representatives of the majority (see fig. 2). Hence, schools will have to employ more teachers to meet the needs of students. The policy in question also has to be based on a comprehensive approach, as it involves bilingual and multicultural environment. Educators have to be ready to effectively work in such settings and, hence, they need extensive training. Figure 2: Diversity among US teachers (Maxwell, 2014). This all leads to the need of additional funds. The US economy is now witnessing certain growth but state budgets may be still unprepared for the additional expenditure. Admittedly, it is essential to develop a detailed plan of funds allocation and it is also important to launch a wide campaign in support of the policy to make people aware of its benefits. Another disadvantage of the policy may be structural, as any policy needs time to reveal its implications and benefits. Thus, at least, a decade will be necessary to understand benefits and possible downsides of the policy in question. The teachers should gain certain skills and experience, students have to pass the four-year program and they should graduate from college and start their working careers. The rate of successful employees will be the most relevant data to measure effectiveness of the policy. A decade can be a minimum sufficient period to trace the changes occurring in the society. However, potential benefits of the program make it worth trying as the USA needs particular policies aimed at development of diverse and democratic society. In conclusion, it is possible to note, that the four-year learning of a foreign language in the US high school can be an effective reform that will make young Americans more competitive in domestic and global labor force market. The policy will also have numerous positive effects on development of the US society as learning a foreign
Summary Inmates and freshly released convicts focus on Lending Hands, an organization committed to aiding them; it is a Christian church organization. According to Gill, “it is self-governed, so more than half the funding will be received from church members” (2010). As a result, the first budget will be pretty minimal. Depending on how generous the contributors are, volunteers and labor will earn minor compensation. Education, housing, employment, legal counsel, and spiritual direction are among the services offered. The reason the plan should be implemented depends on a range of social problems we are currently facing, namely the legal system that has often let us down. Blacks and Hispanics who come from poor backgrounds may have little to no education, housing, work, or legal counsel. In addition, the strategy will assist future generations in restoring their lives. As a result, they will feel stronger and more confident to move on and lead productive lives in society. Mission Statement Lending Hands is devoted to helping those who are dejected and alienated from society. When individuals begin on their new route, they will be guided spiritually and given the tools they need to succeed on their new journey. When developing the strategy, the needs of society and the mission of Lending Hands were taken into account. Poor living conditions have prompted many people to turn to the justice system. People who lack good resources mentally and spiritually are disadvantaged and are more likely to commit crimes. These acts can lead to imprisonment without the chance of rehabilitation. For those who have problems on the route, the community can help. Plan creation has been impacted by current trends in human service delivery. Many ideas have been sparked by organizations such as jail reform and rehabilitation. Penalized people have a hard time; in jail, criminals may seem to have a routine and little else to worry about, yet life may be complex and perplexing. Some families choose not to visit their inmates at all. On a daily basis, prisoners face risks and sufferings. Moreover, after ex-offenders are released, many people have a bias against them, making re-configuration much more difficult. Other programs aid wrongly convicted convicts and their families. Adopt an Inmate is the most popular organization. Volunteers are paired up with incarcerated individuals to establish a family-like environment. A number of other human service non-profit companies have contributed to the development of Lending Hands. According to Freebird Publishers, “Lending Hands is incredibly unique because we offer spiritual guidance and familiar programs that we know about” (2017). Because of its national expansion, the proposed strategy will change the agency’s current state. It would ultimately be able to expand its operations with the help of funders, followers, sponsors, workers, and volunteers. Traveling to other nations, the agency might visit inmates or their families. Sitting in their prison cells, many people worldwide are simply hoping and praying for a bit of help and for someone to take an interest in their stories. This place may be r
Gender issues have been discussed for many years and still they are in questions. It has been a norm people saying that “men are human beings; women are females” (Kelley 92). I am pleased to claim that those times come to an end, and even if sometimes women are not regarded equal to men, the new millennium is proving that soon male and female will be equal human beings. The world of celebrities, on the one hand, represents a reflection of the rest of society revealing the trends in society where men and women equality enhancing (women become extremely involved in the political and social life of their countries); and on the other hand, this world is a kind of guideline of activity in society, since people often follow their celebrities’ examples. Recently Stars Journal issued an article concerning pop star Shakira’s initiative to build a school in Haiti for children, Haiti’s Earthquake survivors. Reportedly the famous singer has come to Haiti to find a place for school; and immediately visited a camp for survivors where she met other stars who are involved in the charity campaign in Haiti. The article also point out that Shakira has joined other global celebrities “to raise funds for victims of the January 12”. Special attention is drawn towards Shkira’s involvement in different charity projects worldwide and especially in Latin America, such as Barefoot Foundation, ALAS foundation, We Are The World project. To my mind, the article under discussion is very interesting in terms of gender issue, and it proves my statement about the important role of women in a social life. I admit that even a decade ago women were regarded as family hearth keepers or even one of men attribute. For years men were important and active; women were helpful, beautiful and passive, waiting “for the right man” to come and safe them by marrying them (Kelley 88). According to Kelley this tendency arises from the hundreds of years when girls were taught to dream about their princes instead of trying to obtain their happiness themselves (Kelley 88). I’d like to point out that such values were cultivated in tales, books and, finally, in movies where the same scheme of glorious men and poor women were present. It is interesting that Kelley proves that the whole Cinderella tale and its 90s reincarnation Pretty Woman stress supremacy of men over a woman and her fate, and, which, to my mind, is even more remarkable, women reluctance to do more than just dirty job (Kelley 90). In the XXI century women on the contrary are very active and really helpful for society development. For instance, Shakira doesn’t wait for her prince she works and gains her high social status herself. Of course, she works really hard, and sometimes she is to make difficult decisions, but everything she has ga
Introduction This paper defines and examines the etiology of masochistic personality, its characteristics and presentation in other personalities. Masochistic personality is a disorder where a person exploits or causes suffering on others or oneself so as to achieve personal fulfillment or pleasure. It is a collection of pathological personality traits which constitutes a depressive makeup. Lack of integration of significant others results in an integrated but pathological wisdom of self. Such people choose situations which lead to regret, failure, or harm even when better options are openly available; Masochistic personalities presents with absorption of incorporated aggression into an increasingly self critical superego (Clarkin aAnd Lenzenweger,1996, p.141 ). This internal situation is expressed outwardly by perfectionism, persistent self doubt and the desire to control the environment. This predisposes the patient to self-destructing traits. Illustrations Resultant behavior to masochistic patients is reflected in markedly super ego functioning, overdependence on help, love and approval from others. Depressive masochistic personalities tend to be overly serious and exhibit caution in their work and performance. They are highly dependable, lack a sense of humor and judge themselves on extreme standards. They unsympathetically judge others in the form of righteous fury (Clarkin & Lenzenweger 1996, p. 17). These people put obstacles in their way and court suffering. Patients may be depressed about their performance and involuntarily create circumstances which perpetuate a feeling of mistreatment or humiliation. They are abnormally vulnerable to disappointment and may go out of their way to to seek sympathy and love. They have a tendency of making other people angry so that they may reject them (Rathbone, 2001, p. 79). This primitive self destructive personality is seen in persons who obtain unfocused reprieve from nervousness by self mutilation and desperate gestures. The aim of these gestures is an attempt to regain control over the environment or to make the offender feel guilty. Persistent behaviors of this trait are similar to malignant narcissism with aloofness and bizarre suicide attempts. This pathological infatuation has a preference for individuals who do not respond to love but may gain gratification through pain and humiliation (Rathbone, 2001, p. 80). Masochism is seen by some scholars as the turning of sadism to self causing interrelated aggressive self punitive components. It maintains a association, however tormenting with a damaging and necessary cause. As a defense mechanism for self survival, it may satisfy the instinctual needs of the id while insist on compensation from the superego. Even though masochism and sadism seem to be related they by no means complement each other as they seek unwilling partners. Examples of forms of masochism are the voluntary suffering by religious and political martyrs. As a perversion it presents certain traits which analytic theory referred to as voyeurism (Rathbone, 2001 p. 83).
Animal cruelty has been defined as the act of intentional and inhumane harm on animals through the act of physical abuse or maltreatment, yet it is often the case that individuals who have been found guilty of such acts, are left off with nothing more than a slap on the wrist or a fine and are never truly sentenced in the same way as if they had committed a similar act on a human being. The reason behind this is quite simple, while society and the court systems view animal cruelty as a socially irreprehensible behavior due to the supposed ethical and moral responsibilities humans have as a “superior” species, the entire human race is basically responsible for the murder of millions of animals on a daily basis. The murder is conducted by means of the vast enterprises that have been put into place to feed humanities insatiable appetite for beef, pork, lamb, venison, and fish. Since the ultimate act of animal cruelty is to kill a creature, it becomes quite evident that processes required to sustain human society and animal cruelty go hand in hand. Yet what must be understood is that not all forms of animal cruelty are a necessary act to sustain humanity’s continued survival. This is actually one of the main reasons why laws regarding animal cruelty are often vague and have such light sentences; to enforce stricter forms of “humane” treatment of animals means to delve into the “hidden” acts of animal cruelty that society condones due to is overall necessity. Some activist groups such as Green Peace and PETA have tried changing the way in which society views the necessity of killing animals for food but the fact remains that they are fighting a losing battle since it is impossible to stop society from eating a staple that has been part of the human diet for the past thousand years. It must be noted though that not all forms of animal cruelty are necessary; for example, pouring boiling water over a young puppy to discourage certain types of behavior, kicking and punching a cat for enjoyment, sitting on top of a young rabbit just to see what will happen or letting a dog starve to death are but a few examples of needless cruelty that has nothing to do with feeding humanity but is more in line with acts related to sadism and socially frowned upon behavior. These acts can be considered as precursors to socially destabilizing behavior which, if remained unchecked, could lead to even greater acts of irreprehensible behavior which, in their turn, can culminate in the ultimate action of torturing and killing a person “for the fun of it”. It is due to the fact that this paper stresses that actions related to the needless and non-progressive (doesn’t help society in any way, shape or form) act of animal cruelty should be considered a felony with the appropriate amount of incarceration put into effect. By doing so, not only does this discourage the act itself but it prevents individuals that enjoy such activities, to be closely monitored within a controlled environment in order to determine whether they
The company of choice is Glenn’s Appliances and More. The company is headquartered along 545 Hooksett Road, Maple Tree Mall, and Manchester in New Hampshire. The company’s business software is great solutions for small businesses in a simple, fast, and cheap way. The company trades in the supply of quality brands of major home appliances. The company also offers repair services. Services and goods are both sold at competitive prices that every household can afford. In choosing a supply partner from Malaysia, several factors will be considered. The first is the cost criterion. Here identification of costs relating to purchases is examined. The costs include the purchase price, transportation cost, and taxes. The other factors relate to the operational costs (Awino 33). This covers transaction-processing cost of goods returned. The company always needs the minimum price of goods to increase the sales volumes and hence increase the profit. Distribution cost contains the overall distribution channel cost, inventory cost, handling and packaging cost, damages during transportation and insurance costs. The company strives to procure at the least cost possible. The company needs suppliers with competent technical ability to give high quality products and services, and promote development efforts. In the supplier selection process, technology plays a significant role. A list of approved suppliers is stored in the data bank. Their profiles are created and therefore any information relating to them can easily be retrieved (Beamon 42). Communication channels are always indicated making it very easy as the involved parties constantly communicate. Other details stored include technical capability, organizational structure, and quality evaluation. With the use of technology, companies keep the suppliers’ information in a case structure way consisting of a number of fields representing the systems. The most sensitive numerical performance values of the corresponding methods of suppliers are well preserved. Supply management tools become easy, as this improves performance as opposed to using the traditional techniques that were manual. Synchronized selection programs increase checks and balances. The loss of quality through all the processes and functions is minimized. All the factors including the supplier’s environmental performance are handled easily with the help of technology. Glenn’s has a well-established supply chain. The chain is sustainable, easy to follow with little trepidation. In order for the goods to arrive safely from Malaysia, there are a few steps to follow to ensure there is sustained change. This is from shifting consumer-buying patterns, to the manufacturers’ production practices, and corporate culture. Glenn’s depends on multiple product streams going into multiple product lines. The process is iterative. The company does two things repeatedly. Tools that are relevant in making a priority list for the exercise