ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction A share is a unit of ownership that is normally used by public companies as a means to generate capital. A debenture on the other hand is a document that either creates or acknowledges a debt. A company that has its shares in the market would opt to introduce debentures as a way of carrying out social investing. Shareholders are therefore owners of the company. They own a section of the company because money that they used to purchase the shares was directly invested in the company as a means of production. Trading in shares by listing them in security market is a way that companies ensure that they constantly get capital on a regenerative basis. Trading in shares is regenerative in that once a company is listed in the stock market and made an entrance through an IPO-initial public offer, the shares would stay in the market circulating for as long as the investors would deem necessary. The buying price is normally lower than the selling price (Donaldson 2007). The variation in the two prices results into profit for the firm whose shares are in concern. Main body On any day, the price of the share would be as follows: selling price- US$ 16.45 Buying price- 14.4. This implies that the market buys the shares from the holders at US$ 14.4 and sells the same to interested shareholders at US$ 16.4. The difference of US$2 is the one that tells the strength of the company and is indicated by a gain or loses. It is also the capital generated from the transactions that the company gains from. Therefore, with such a profit margin and the company trades two million shares, then it shall have generated a profit of four million US dollars. This is an amount that the company makes without involving any means of productions thereby making it very lucrative. However, for a company to be listed in the stock market it has to meet certain conditions. Firstly, a company would be listed when it is at the brink of liquidity and therefore needs the money to find its footing back in business. It must however convince the market that an investment in its shares would not result to a loss for investors. The government has a responsibility of protecting its citizens from incurring unnecessary loses through the above regulations (Barry & Jamie 2008). Such lucrative undertakings however come with risks for both buyers of the shares and the company. The shares can be introduced through an initial public offer with an exorbitant price with the hopes that the firm would maintain the market position it currently holds but then after introduction the trends change and the shares are not favored this would result into total loss for all those who took part in the IPO, the company would not raise the intended capital while the public would never sell back the shares at a profit either (Barlett & Ghoshal1992). Some of the trends that would lead into such a drop in the price of a share include the appreciation of a local currency. When a currency gains value against the international currencies such as the American dollar or the euro, most products in that country drop their prizes, one of the commodities that would do the same
Introduction Australia is gradually moving towards decreasing the amount of litter around the country. However, articles demonstrate that WA has one of the worst situations regarding this issue (“2018 rubbish report – Western Australia,” 2018). Moreover, some locations even increased item counts over the preceding year. According to studies, littering occurs due to a combination of behavioral, social, and administrative factors (Hansmann & Steimer, 2017). Appendix 1 contains the Fishbone Diagram revealing some of its main elements. Thus, people tend to blame the infrastructure for not having facilities for rubbish disposal or simply do not know the significance of littering for nature. Some individuals demonstrate indifference or knowingly break the law since there is not enough control from the police. One of the most dangerous types of litter to the environment is single-use plastic. News reports claim that the coasts of WA are covered with bottles, food packaging remains wrappers, and other items (Barry, 2018). Plastic pollutes land and oceans, hurting animals that inhabit the affected territories. Different types of litter also represent a danger to both humans and animals. Cigarette butts contaminate soil for many years ahead, and people may be hurt by stepping on a broken bottle of glass. Littering is an issue occurring mainly in cities, so even young children are aware of it. Students may see it on the streets as they travel to attend classes or other places in their neighborhood. Research suggests that primary school children are partially aware of environmental issues, and their knowledge tends to grow with age (Muldoon, Shelford, Holland, & Hryciw, 2019). Moreover, they recognize the harm caused to nature by littering and engage in actions to prevent it (Hartley, Thompson, & Pahl, 2015). Besides, further education stimulates a growing concern about nature among children. Sustainability Action Process (SAP) Make the Case Activities The initial stage will include the following activities in school:   * The students will travel around the school premises guided by a teacher and try to detect any litter on the territory. They will be carrying notepads to record their findings along the way.   * After returning to the classroom, students will receive the SUEZ worksheets (see Appendix 2). It should help them to differentiate between various types of litter there were able to find on the school territory. The next step will be to categorize the items according to the worksheet’s system, which includes recycling, rubbish, clean paper and cardboard, and dirty paper and food scraps.   * The teacher will use a computer and a projector to show the media files in class about the extent of the rubbish issue. The information will b
Marketing channels A marketing channel is a system of distribution that allows the customer to choose the product and buy it. The creation of an efficient marketing channel is essential for the overall success of the marketing strategy of the company. Samsung is a global corporation, and it has numerous marketing channels. There are such marketing channels as: Samsung manufacturing unit –> C&F agent –>distributor –> small retailer –> customer. Also there is another one: Samsung manufacturing unit –> C&F agent –>franchised outlets –> digital plaza –> customer. However, Samsung does not have any direct marketing channels just like other multinational companies that produce customer electronics. Marketing channels are expected to provide numerous choices for the customers (Rosenbloom 6). Current marketing channels of the company were precisely planned, and current channel strategy is extremely effective. Marketing channel strategy Samsung uses all three types of the distribution for different electronic products. This corporation is extremely transparent with their marketing channel strategies. A company heavily relies on the intensive distribution. Products of the company can be seen in almost all of the electronics stores. Samsung opts for selective distribution when it comes to some models of the product. When such strategy is chosen, the company tries to focus on a particular demographics rather than overwhelming the customers with a number of products. The corporation often signs international exclusive distribution contracts that are often relatively short-term but provide benefits to both parties. E-marketing can now be called a part of the marketing channel strategy (Tamilarasan 5). Samsung is also extremely active when it comes to sales on the Internet. This company is able to utilize the advantages of all of the types of distribution to their full potential. Value chain The value chain is a series of processes that are performed to make sure that the product of high value is provided to the customers. Presutti, Jr. and Mawhinney state that “with the development of the concept of supply chain management over the decade, procurement, now more descriptively called supply management, is much more than a support activity” (149). This means that supply management is necessary for the success of marketing strategy. Samsung manufacturing unit is the most important part of the supply chain because it produces valuable electronic products that hold the most value for the customer. C&F agent sends the stored products upon request of distributors that offer a set of important services, help with promotion and deliver the product to retail stores. Retailers bring value to the customers by making special offers and discounts on the products. Pricing strategy Samsung currently uses the High-Value Strategy for flat-screen TVs. The quality of the products is extremely high, and they are not overpriced. Some competitors offer similar products that are much cheaper. However, those products do not possess the qualities that make Samsung products unique. The corporation also practices Superb Value Strategy with some models of
The book Already Gone: Why Your Kids Will Quit Church and What You Can Do To Stop It is written by Ken Ham and Britt Beemer. It arouses feelings of dread and concern in parents and ministers who wish to see young children and youths walking in Jesus Christ. The statistics presented depict a worrying trend where the church constantly loses its young generation. The book seeks to provide reasons for the mass exodus and proposes measures that can be implemented to remedy the situation. 1 The survey is conducted by a renowned researcher Britt Beemer whose influence is evident in the high standards by which the research is conducted. Todd Hillard’s finesse as a writer is evident as he makes his contribution to the flow of the text. This paper is a critical analysis of the findings detailed in the book, the proposed solutions and the how the book will impact my ministry. The problem The report is about a survey in which one thousand youths aged between twenty and twenty-nine years are interviewed. The researchers discover some startling statistics about youth exodus from the church. The survey finds that, contrary to popular opinion that youths develop skepticism towards Christian principles while in college, almost half of the current young generation leave the church by the time they are in high school. According to the study, approximately forty percent of children begin to have doubts about Christian doctrines and the importance of attending church services while in middle school. 2 I believe in the philosophy of shaping the attitudes of children while they are still young. The revelation by Ham’s survey serves to strengthen my resolve to participate in shaping the way youths view the Christian faith and church attendance. While young, children have many questions about many issues. If these questions are not addressed properly within the context of the church, the children may seek advice and solutions elsewhere. The advice may not necessarily be Christian. It is important to address the issues raised by children properly using the scripture and to refer them to church leaders or Christian advisers if the parents cannot address the issues raised. Another baffling revelation that comes out of the survey is the finding that youths who attend Sunday school as children are more likely to develop skepticism towards the Bible and its authority. The study also reveals that children who attend Sunday school are likely to possess unscriptural positions regarding controversial issues such as abortion, contraception and homosexuality. 3 Sunday school-going children are likely to see church attendance as irrelevant and the church as hypocritical. This revelation indicates that Sunday school does more harm than good in building children’s Christian foundation. If this is true, then the way Sunday school is taught is a contributing factor to the mass exodus from the church by the young generation. The reaso
Comedians frequently incorporate the humorous aspect of unjustified or, sometimes even, robust violence in their performances. While some sketches mirror the fast-changing trends of modern society, others humorously portray the fundamental values of humanity, saving their actuality for many years. This discussion will focus on the role of overt violence in two of the examined videos, “Theodoric of York, Medieval Barber” and “Living Colour – Jim Carey-Karate Instructor,” exploring the essence of their topicality for the contemporary audience. From first sight, the overt depiction of violence in “Karate Instructor” appears humorous, with Carey’s awkward moves and inflated intonation contributing to the comic atmosphere. However, the gender bias present in the sketch does not allow the audience to relate to the action entirely. Now, when faced with adultery, the woman rarely considers martial arts as a valid response for the offense, choosing divorce over the physical attack. Furthermore, with new strict rules for weapon usage during the self-defense classes, the improvised knife attack, portrayed in the video, seems aged and distant. Unlike in “Karate Instructor,” the usage of violence in “Theodoric of York, Medieval Barber” is justifiable due to the historical context behind the sk
Initially, a fire was common in Western woodlands, especially in wet areas like the Pacific Northwest and British Columbia. Lightning and Indigenous fires produced patchworks of grasslands, shrublands, and recovering woods. Previous fires affect how and what future fires leave behind. By reducing the quantity and connectivity of fuels that cause enormous, catastrophic wildfires, indigenous burning methods improve cultural resources and animal habitats (Sidder, 2021). This paper discusses the occurrences, causes, and impacts of wildfires in 2021 across the globe. It further goes ahead to propose solutions to the stated problem. Several nations have had record wildfire seasons in 2021. Most are related to the severe heat and drought-ravaged much of the area in recent years. June was the second-hottest month ever recorded in Europe. This week, temperatures in Greece are predicted to reach 47 degrees Centigrade (117 degrees Fahrenheit) (Pausas & Keeley, 2021). Greece and Turkey have been experiencing a heatwave that may be the worst in three decades, bringing up memories of the horrific 1987 wildfires that killed over 1500 lives in Greece alone. Since July, wildfires have ravaged the northern hemisphere, destroying vast swathes of land and cities in Europe, North America, and Russia. While many of these nations are accustomed to summertime fire seasons, global warming increases the frequency and intensity of these circumstances. A summer of severe heat waves has come in areas of the western US after a poor rainy season and a two-year drought. In mid-July, flames erupted in Oregon and California, burning about 2.5 million hectares, part of a yearly toll of over 1 million hectares. According to Siegel, C. (2020), Wildfires burn unabated in northern Russia’s Sakha Republic, commonly known as Yakutia. Despite the season’s partial completion, the EU’s Copernicus satellite monitoring unit said these fires had “generated a record quantity of carbon emissions. According to Pinkerton & Rom (2021), wildfires frequently result in massive land loss due to Russia’s vastness, which will be confirmed in 2021. As of September 9, there were 155 fires in Siberia, impacting almost three million acres. Since the start of the wildfires in May, nearly 15 million acres have burnt down. The smoke has been so thick that it reaches the North Pole for the first time. The storm forced hundreds of people from their homes. On September 1, tourists in Pescara, on the eastern coast of Italy, fled a beach as a neighboring wood caught fire. In the isolated Kalajoki River valley, about 2,000 kilometers north of the Eastern Mediterranean, 400 hectares of forest were destroyed in the final week of July, the country’s biggest wildfire since 1971. Some of the most severe climate change-related fires occurred in the Yakutia region of Siberia, thousands of kilometers east of Finland. Scientists worry the fires damage wetlands and melt permafrost, releasing vast quantities of methane, a potent greenhouse gas (Rodríguez Vásquez et al., 2021). On August 4, the EU
African-American presence in American sports has been increasing for decades, generating a commonly accepted belief that racism is no longer present in the sports industry. The pattern of African-Americans constituting at least half of the number of players on the field, regardless of the game, leads many to a conclusion that modern professional sport is free of discrimination. However, this is not true for all sides of the sports business. As it concerns occupying management roles, racial minorities still make up a fragment of the workforce. This tendency of lack of certain ethnic groups in coaching leads to sports industries actively seeking diverse professionals for administrative jobs. Thus, the growing demand for African-Americans in coaching positions due to the underrepresentation of racial diversity in sports and the cultural incompetence of current coaches can have a positive effect by reinforcing strict policies of inclusion. Firstly, the extent of the underrepresentation of racial diversity in American sports is one of the most predominant reasons for the industry to seek more African-American coaches. As it concerns the players themselves, Savage and Seebruck (2016) claimed that “57.2 percent of the student-athletes in NCAA DI basketball are black whereas only 29.4 percent are white” (p. 3). This statistic might indicate that racism is no longer an issue. However, when it comes to the coaching positions in sports, the racial dynamic changes to the opposite, with Black coaches sustaining less than a quarter of all the jobs in American sports overall (Rankin-Wright et al., 2016). This drastic discrepancy in the representation of certain ethnic groups calls for a change in a democratic society. The hiring procedure might be the hidden reason for this to happen. Rankin-Wright et al. (2016) stated that recruitment in sports is deficient in the transparency that ensures the fair and race-blind selection procedure. Therefore, many sports associations want to eliminate racial preference in the hiring process to guarantee both equal job opportunities and the absence of discrimination. Secondly, one of the reasons why African-American coaches are the needed resource in the modern sports industry is to compensate for the cultural incompetence of the white coaches. Given that many racial minorities, particularly African-Americans, enter the field as players, the majority of White coaches fail to support them due to their lack of cultural expertise. Thompson (2018) explored the dynamic between the over-represented Black players in professional sports and similarly predominant White coaches in the managerial roles throughout the industry. He claimed that “without awareness of environmental factors that develop a racial identity, a white intercollegiate coach can further become a function of institutional and environmental discrimination toward students of color on college campuses” (Thom
Jenny Holzer was born in Ohio in 1950 and embarked on a lifetime of learning, primarily within the design and artistic fields. It was her Truism series that brought her fame as she took her art out of the context of the lengthy text, image, and interior spaces and into the streets in bold, clear, concise statements. “The ‘Truism’ dramatized a depersonalized and amoral information landscape throughout juxtapositions. Holzer has since produced a variety of texts with points of view ranging from inflammatory manifesto to feminist or parental concern to bleak resignation. In all of her work, she links ideological statements with the forms and meanings of architecture” (Stuart Collection, 1992). Although she lives and works in New York, her work is known throughout the country for its biting reflections on political issues of the day, coupled with her blatant attempt to involve the average consumer in the interaction. Holzer attempts to defamiliarize reality from within accepted symbolic systems. Rather than presenting images as truth, Holzer works to present words as truth by resorting to culturally adapted slogans through her abbreviated Truisms (Kukje Gallery, 2005), an exhibition she started in 1977 and which continued to be displayed as late as 1990. In the below image, the Guggenheim Museum takes on special tri-color LED displays in 1990 to display Holzer’s slogans. Holzer displays these works in the public sphere, often in locations typically occupied by commercial advertising rather than within the halls of a museum. In this respect, she challenges the idea that art must be preserved within enclosed spaces for a select few before she’s even said a word. By using many cliché-type slogans in her digitized electronic sign display, Holzer visually challenges her audience to ‘hear’ these culturally accepted sayings that have been thrown about since childhood but largely ignored. What isn’t explicitly written out, but is understood, is that one is expected to think about what these slogans mean, introducing one level of the sublime into the public sphere in which she displays her work. This can be taken a level or two deeper by introducing the idea that perhaps not all of these slogans are considered cliché. Because she uses occasional statements such as “Extreme self-consciousness leads to perversity” (“Jenny Holzer,” n.d.) that aren’t necessarily an accepted societal view but more an individual view, Holzer also introduces the idea that although we might think we all originate from a single background, the fact is that even siblings do not live their lives with the same assumptions regarding the topics Holzer addresses. After challenging the notion that all words in the public sphere are meaningless and that the clichés of childhood have ceased to carry wisdom, Holzer adds the idea that we are not all culturally identical and that wisdom can also be found in the words of others. However, the only words ever printed are the slogans themselves in as minimalist a form as possible with only slight changes invoice based on the limited range of the electronic board and the font styles available.
Even in the modern world, when social networks and media have become a part of everyday life for most people, their marketing potential is not fully revealed. In this regard, many organizations need to become more open to participate in the online space and build their online presence. This aspect is the most significant point, in my opinion. I find it extremely interesting how social networks and media are associated with something personal and unprofessional. For example, people trust the official website of the company more and prefer to use email or phone to contact representatives. However, it’s important to highlight how central participation in the community and building more informal relationships with customers can be. It seems to me that this idea is relevant for the modern world when people and companies have the opportunity to interact on equal terms. I think that society at the moment needs to weaken the boundaries between commercial and social spheres, which can be facilitated by social media. One important takeaway that I can apply to my social media account is that I can use it to declare my professional interests. I do not need to have Instagram or Facebook, which would show my personal life or hobbies exclusively. I can use social media as a means of finding opportunities, and a statement of my abilities and competencies is the best way to find the right projects and partners. Another main takeaway for me is that I could use the skills and knowledge I already have to acquire a certain reputation in the online space. Companies can create Wikipedia pages with their expertise or provide advice to people on the web who have questions in specific areas. I can also use my accounts to help other people if I am competent enough to do so. This approach will allow me to establish myself as the owner of certain skills and knowledge, which will give me access to new opportunities.