ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Amylin is a San Diego-based company that has been experiencing problems for the last 18 years, with little progress. However, the company has been experiencing changing fortunes. The company has recently started dealing in food and drugs research seeking to advance the available drugs especially those administered to persons suffering from diabetes. Surprisingly, this has been the most successful project the company had ever done. It is the breakthrough of the past 18 years. This has brought triumph to its image and status under the leadership of Ginger Graham (Gareth & Jennifer, 2008). Ginger Graham’s personality Personality is the observable traits in a person that are consistent throughout her/ his life, it is inborn. The person will always behave in a consistent manner when put in the same situation over and over again. In this case we consider the personality of Ginger Graham’s (Littauer, 2003). According to how she manages her responsibilities over time, she comes out as a responsible person. From time to time, she can be seen to carry out her duty no matter what it takes, for example, she pricks herself every day in order to show solidarity to people with diabetes. Through her investment in research, she has managed to come up with a superior drug called Byetta; this has improved the life of diabetics (Littauer, 2003). She can be described as an assertive person. This comes up in the article from the way she is constantly pricking herself on a daily basis. Most of the people cannot manage to do it consistently. It can be seen in the way she controls and manages the company for over five years. Although things don’t look up so good for the company in the beginning she puts up with the situation until she was victorious (Littauer, 2003). When her company is faced with financial challenges to nearly closing down, she displays a high sense of loyalty by aggressively strategizing on its come back. When all the employees resign and give up on the company due to financial challenges, she still has hope that the company will go through it all with success (Gareth & Jennifer, 2008). Graham also comes out as a performer; from the article, she is able to lead the company from oblivion to performance and victory. She combines her motivational and organizational skills to bring out the best of the firm. She stands out as a focused leader, who is able to strategize and implement well formulated projects. For example she makes use of research to save diabetics form their problems and at the same time save her company from collapsing (Gareth & Jennifer, 2008). As it turns out, from the article, Graham is displayed as someone with very admirable personal values. (Littauer, 2003). She turns out as the icon of good attitude, as she stands out as the only person who remains positive when everyone was derailed with their fait
In the modern world, there is a vast number of cultures, ethnic groups, societies, tribes, states, religions, beliefs, foundations, and traditions. An outside spectator can discover an even wider variety of approaches to life in the past of humanity. However, all cultures have an equal right to claim the truth and correctness of their ethics and worldview. Some traditions may be notable for their cruelty, others could be incomprehensible, and some may seem unacceptable from an aesthetic point of view. The scientific world has developed a distinctive approach to the perception of all this diversity. This approach is called “cultural relativism,” allowing one to prescind from the norms and ethics of the native culture and to perceive the world as it is. It also helps in making decisions regarding morality or immorality more consciously and maturely. In this paper, the torture practice “bloody eagle,” which is an integral part of the Viking culture, will be examined while using the cultural relativism approach. The “bloody eagle” torture practice could be subjected to an enemy or a traitor. The man was put on his knees with bound limbs, and the executioner made incisions on his back to separate the skin and flesh that hide the ribs (Lipińska 13). Then the executioner took a special ritual ax, and with its help, he broke out the ribs, revealing the lungs of a man who should have been conscious all this time. Then he pulled out the lungs and laid them on the shoulders of the traitor so that from the side, the man looked like an eagle spreading its wings in flight. Then the man was left alone to bleed until he died. It should be noted that the Vikings had a strict system of laws and regulations, according to which all members of the community lived. The use of specific types of punishments, clearly spelled out in this system of laws, was dictated by the need to ensure the safety of the community and its peaceful existence (Hardwick and Lister 184). The main occupancy of the Vikings was the war with the neighboring states. It was reflected in their beliefs and perception of the world. They worshiped Odin, Freya, Frigg, Idun, Siff, Loki, Thor, Baldr, Heimdall, Bragi, Ull, and other Gods and Goddesses. The Vikings did not doubt the presence of a soul in every human and the posthumous being’s existence. If the Viking died on the battlefield, the Valkyries immediately took his soul to Valhalla (Puchalska 96). Viking beliefs and de
Introduction Animal cloning is the generation of one or more animals from body cells of another animal without involving sexual aspects of reproduction (Fairbanks 27). The members of each clone have similar genetic patterns to the donor cell from which they are derived. Since the cloning of the first animal, animal cloning has emerged as an important topic in the society and it forms a major discourse in ethical and moral discussions. Studies into animal cloning have diversified and have been extended into various fields, with major breakthroughs being reported in the biotechnology, pharmaceutical and agricultural fields (Fairbanks 33). Through cloning, transgenic animals have been created that have the potential to produce novel human therapeutic molecules, thus helping in treating some diseases that previously were incurable (McLaren 1775). Animal cloning promises to revolutionize food production, with the potential of producing cattle, sheep, pigs, and other animals with superior quality and more resistant to diseases. This is bound to increase food availability (Polejaeva et al. 87). Animal cloning proponents are of the opinion that cloning of animals will see an increase in food production globally. Moreover, the quality of food produced will increase and novel cures for diseases will result from pursuance of animal cloning. This is meant to prolong human life. Further, animal cloning is considered as significant in enhancing the comprehension of human beings and nature; therefore, it is crucial to the advancement of scientific goals (Hare 271). In spite of the potential benefits, cloning of animals raises issues that are wide in scope, extending beyond the question of food safety to include ethical and moral qualms (Deane-Drummond 25). This essay seeks to explore the benefits and controversies of animal cloning. The essay will also emphasize on my position that animal cloning should not be allowed due to the fact that it is not natural. Furthermore, it goes against all of my religious beliefs. No matter what the benefits are, cloning animals will only lead to further experimentation and probably lead to cloning humans someday. I will also propose a new piece of legislation making it mandatory to label all products that come from cloned animals, such as meat and dairy. Furthermore the legislation should dictate rules and regulations for quality control and testing of cloned animal products. Cloning Technology The process of cloning involves isolation of a single body cell from a donor organism, and then transferring its nucleus into an unfertilized egg that does not have a nucleus using a special needle. The “nucleus of the body cell substitutes for the normal combination of egg and spermatozoon, thus allowing the egg cytoplasm containing the transplanted nucleus to develop into the same kind of organism as that from which the donor nucleus w
Medieval heroes in early English literature had to be valiant, chivalrous, and strong. As the periods rotated, the ideas put in the concept of a warrior changed as well. From Beowulf’s bravery and dedication to Sir Gawain’s code of chivalry and gallantry. The epic poems of the Anglo-Saxon period praised feats of brave knights, their battles with evil monsters, and their valiant spirit. One of the most known works of those times is the oldest epic poem of the “barbarian” peoples of Europe, Beowulf. In more than 3,000 lines, Beowulf relates the tale of a heroic warrior who fought beasts and dragons (“The Anglo-Saxon and Medieval Periods” 27). The influence of Christianity in Beowulf, although superficial, is palpable. When Beowulf immerses himself into the water to fight Grendel, it refers to the Christian rite of baptism in which the water purifies and cleanses a person of evil (“Christianity in the Anglo-Saxon Period and in Beowulf” 4). The poem glorifies pagan virtues – fearlessness in battle, loyalty to the tribe and the leader, merciless revenge on enemies. Meanwhile, Medieval romances and adventurous novels praised honor, heroism, nobility, and chivalry. About 1375, an anonymous English poet wrote Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, recounting the marvelous adventures of a knight of Arthur’s court who faces a series of extraordinary challenges (“The Anglo-Saxon and Medieval Periods” 33). The main qualities of a warrior in medieval novels were valor and courage. Just as the periods replaced each other, the concept of the warrior depicted in the works of those times changed as well. The image of a fearless and desperate warrior, always fighting evil in Anglo-Saxon literature, was replaced by a valiant and gallant knight from medieval novels. However, what remained timeless is that the image of the hero has always embodied the moral ideals of his time. Works Cited Barquero, Pablo. “Christianity in the Anglo-Saxon Period and in Beowulf.” “The Anglo-Saxon and Medieval Periods.” Historical Essay , 2018, pp. 20–33. herefordhslibrary , herefordhslibrary.pbworks.com.
The Preservation Green Lab report makes a strong argument for the reuse of buildings over new construction. What would your approach be (material selection, buildings to target first, etc.) if Boston were to focus on retrofitting existing buildings over new constructions? Nowadays, many organizations and different community representatives prefer to focus on the advantages of retrofitting and reusing existing buildings instead of replacing any or all of them. The main reason for such a decision may be explained by the inability to predict climate change and prevent all possible problems. Therefore, to minimize damage, reduce costs, and provide safety for the citizens of Boston, it is suggested to focus on retrofitting such buildings as those with a high level of energy performance, considering characteristics such as design, typology, and survivability, as well as those with a long history that is repairable although their condition may be questionable (Preservation Green Lab 18). Though it may appear to be easier to remove a building and create a new one in order to meet all necessary standards and requirements, retrofitting has its own value. Therefore, in Boston, one of the main approaches in support of retrofitting existing buildings can be the identification of the first targets and soliciting the opinions of the population about the importance of the chosen buildings. Sometimes, people are prepared to remove a building and accept a new one instead of preservation and retrofitting. At other times, people do not want to lose a building because the building is a part of their history and the past. In such a case, new materials, reports, and research are required to clarify the strategy that can be more effective for a region. In The Greenest Building reading, one of the study’s findings was that it takes 10 to 80 years for a new building that is 30% more efficient than an average-performing existing building to overcome, through operations, the negative climate change impacts related to the construction process. How can this finding be used to update building codes and regulations, building owner decision-making, and design and construction practices and processes? The impact of climate change cannot be ignored in the building industry because almost every decision must be made in the light of the environmental outcomes of the chosen construction, as well as consideration of the factors that may influence the durability of this construction. The developers of the Greenest Building report underline that special care and steps have to be taken by the government to minimize environmental impacts and select appropriate projects (Preservation Green Lab 84). This finding can be used to improve the existing codes and regulations by keeping designs simple, controlling energy, and reducing carbon products. Imp
Introduction The application of leadership theories and insights in real-life situations is very helpful and could draw the thin line between effective leadership and poor leadership. Leadership theories are very rich with guidelines for effective leadership and insights which could be very motivational to people aspiring to be leaders. Additionally, these theories can be helpful to people who are already in leadership positions since the success of organizations depends largely on the kind of leaders that they have. The more effective their leaders are, the more successful they tend to be. Leaders should, therefore, ensure that they effectively and appropriately apply theories and guidelines of leadership to ensure that they make positive impacts in the organizations they represent. This paper is an exploration of the possible applications of leadership theories in pragmatic leadership. Role of ethics in leadership Ethics is very central to leadership. Leaders can be viewed to be the representatives of organizations and thus the ethical values they uphold while undertaking their functions are taken to be a snapshot of the ethical values that the organization they represent keeps. This means that, if a certain leader lacks courtesy, this could be seen as an indication that the organization he/she represents is, kind of, disorganized (Ciulla 2004, p. 31). Additionally, if a given leader is corrupt, this could is a strong indication that the organization that he/she represents is also corrupt. Leaders should therefore try to preserve the image of their organizations by upholding ethical values since these values are a prerequisite in leadership. This, therefore, shows that to be a leader one has to be ethical in language, character etc. Any decision to be made by the leader has to be ethical in the way it is imposed to the subordinates of the organization (Cornett, 1995, p. 1). Decisions made should be in such a way that they do not oppress the subordinates. When solving organizational problems ethics comes in by coordinating the ways to solve the problem and the means to achieve the solution. One has to decide on the choice to make from several alternatives, the standards and values required as well as the guiding principles. In this case, therefore, the most productive option that also has firm ethical backgrounds should be chosen (Ciulla, 2004, p. 51). The way one communicates to his/her followers is also an important ethical value.
There is no use denying the fact that some peoples who have their unique history can teach us a lot and be rather interesting for investigation. The Haudenosaunee belongs to these peoples. They reside in the lake region and Mohawk Valley of northern New York state in America. The climate of the area where they live is temperate, with four seasons. Mild winter and long and warm summer suggest ideal conditions for growing crops. There is a great number of different plants here. “Forests of pine, spruce, hemlock, cedar, ash, elm, maple, oak, chestnut, and hickory clothe the hills and fertile valleys” (Murdock 1934:1). Moreover, there are many animals like “bear, deer, moose, wolf, fox, cougar, lynx, raccoon, otter, porcupine, opossum, beaver, skunk, badger, hare, rabbit, and squirrel” (Murdock 1934:1). which promotes the development of hunting. That is why it is possible to say that hunting and fishing are the main sources of food for them. Moreover, they gather and eat mushrooms In autumn they collect different nuts and add them to their ration. Additionally, they eat grapes and various eggs. Additionally, they use different tools like bone hooks and bows. However, the main source for their survival is the cultivation of plants. They use primitive wooden hoe with a sharpened tortoises shell. They also use chipped stone tools. Moreover, they carry all things on their backs. Using the burden strap across their forehead they carry different things. It should also be said that they live in large communal houses which are rather long to provide shelter for many people. Besides, the Haudenosaunee do not make clothes, they just use skins of animals. It should also be mentioned that they have a certain distributional pattern for labor. Representatives of every gender and age group are given a certain task. Men are hunters while women cultivate the land and cook. However, the property is communal and if some family is in need, it will be helped by another one, that is why their society could be called a stratified one. Their family structure is also interesting. The Haudenosaunee live in families where a husband and wife have the same rig
Yvain , or the Knight with the Lion, is written in the genre of ancient European literature. The author of this work and the founder of courtly literature is Chrétien de Troyes. At the heart of courtly literature are the knights’ behavior, the estate’s value system, and attitude to love affairs. Yvain raises the critical questions of adventure, chivalry, and pilgrimage, making the reader wonder about the conflict of love and chivalry. The heroes’ behavior and the author’s adventures in the novel fully correspond to ancient literature strategy. The story was written between 1176-1181 AD in Medieval France. The author’s writing manner was worthy of the Middle Ages; he became famous for King Arthur and Lancelot’s stories, but Yvain is closer to the modern novel. The date accuracy problem is standard in those days, as the text survived in 7 manuscripts with different dates. Yvain falls in love with Laudine but is fond of experiences, so they break the agreement to return in a year, and the wife is furious about the fact. Yvain , unlike similar works of the author, raises the topic of knightly adventures and wrestling more than love. Chivalry is a kind of foundation for medieval society’s life that is clea
The finance department of any firm or institution plays a significant purpose in any decision making, operations and the running of a firm. Its major duties are to give financial advice to the CEO, other managers and customers. The advice helps them in making healthy decisions in their businesses. The sector ascertains any decisions made by a firm leads to the profitability of the firm and growth of the company. As a division manager of the athletic team, the finance department will give information on the previous sales and provide a detailed report on how the products in the sale were fairing in any of the markets. This information is useful in guiding the division manager in the decision of making on new opportunities (Vengel 45). This information through data mining skills in the information system would help assess the opportunities presented by the different markets. From the information gained the marketing department can tell which product will require sales promotion or product awareness campaign. The data on sales and revenue presented by the accountants will assist in calculating the net profit made from the sales. Information on the profits will guide in allocating a given amount of money to each sector of the company through effective budgeting. The accountants will give relevant information on the expected expenditure and the expected gain from all the investments made by the company in all fields. The finance department will assist in evaluating the business opportunities by carrying out an economic evaluation. This will consist of profit statements, cash flows and income statements evaluation guided by the business plan provided. The business plan will show the product/service to be provided, a list of suppliers expected to provide the materials and the method used for acquisition. The market targeted and the business operation will also be discussed by the board of shareholders of the company. Ethical issues from any finance department of an industry affect all the shareholders of the business. Many people think that the finance sector is the most unethical sector of any industry. This could be true considering that crucial decisions in most firms are made by the finance department. One of the ethical responsibilities of the finance department is to protect its clients by ensuring that they comply with the various tax laws. This helps clients to adhere to the state laws and rules by the finance maintaining their independence in making proper ethical decisions. The finance department should not equate legal behavior or decisions with moral behaviors. Most decisions may be legal but that does not make them ethical. To the employees, the business should not make profits while exploiting their employees. This