ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The Problem Nurse Olivia Witte is faced with a communication flow problem in managing the disciplinary team. While the team is supposed to be the center of decision-making and directing information, other organs and teams at Sunrise Hospital are making independent decisions without due consultation with the interdisciplinary team. The information received by the caretakers at the home care is varying depending on the source of information. The pattern of communication was dialogical, where; decision-making is slow and mostly inaccurate. For example, the Joint Commission (TJC) had not communicated their intention to visit, hence hasty in moving the ventilator-dependent patients. In group communication in the nursing profession, the start pattern form of communication is most suited. Huber (2013) writes that the star pattern has one leader recognized. Messages are centralized, hence a clear flow of information. Compared to the circle pattern communication, the information flow in the star pattern communication is quick and accurate. In the case study, the communicators were multiple. The information was not centralized, creating confusion in decision-making by the implementers of the program. Problem Bearer The bearer of the communication problem is the top management of Sunrise Hospital. The hospital did not create an effective environment for communication within the hospital. The interdisciplinary team led by Nurse Olivia Witte was in charge of the program of moving patients to home care. However, this information was not communicated to other organs that the sole decision-making organ is the interdisciplinary team. For example, the physicians flatly refused to follow designed programs by the nurse while the nurses were making independent decisions for pathway maintenance. The top management of the hospital failed to give clear directions of communication in implementing the program. Solution for Nurse Olivia Witte Nurse Olivia Witte has to provide communication leadership. Communication leadership helps in shaping an organization’s insightful communication culture devoid of confusion (Nagelkerk, 2005). Nurse Managers have to offer coordination in communication, especially in error-prone situations. Nurse Olivia Witte was faced with a communication crisis, where; information was not flowing in an organized direction. The physicians, the nurses, the dietary coordinators, and the Joint Commission were not giving coordinated information. Nurse Olivia Witte ought to d
Current essay is a literary attempt to assess modern moral conditions through the prism of prevailing sins of our Western civilization. Following the outstanding example of Dante we will fight with demons embedded in human souls using strict and effective contrapassi that is by finding the types of punishment they deserve and finally putting them into adequate niche in inferno. As civilization developed traditional sins became ridiculous to it. To kill, to rob and plunder, to betray: these sins are banal, aren’t they? They are so wide-spread that God ultimately understood that it is useless to oppose devilish human nature and social conditions that nurtured it. If something is normal (remember etymology of the word ‘norm’) then it should be welcomed. This covenant of Devil and all conformists should be learned well by Saints. Indeed, Devil is a conformist or may be a HR manager since he exploits those segments of human nature that are helpful in his struggles with God. Generating and developing sins is his well-designed strategy of creating human capital in modern society which is in its own right may be described as under-Moon reincarnation of Inferno. The hell is not the other world: it is our world in which paradise became its another name. Sinners are no longer placed in inferno: they have created their own paradise: everything has mingled – what a devilish grimace! In modern world sins became innocuous: instead of being something that is punished they are extensively sanctioned by society. Calvinist God said: ‘Be individualist, your fate is predetermined – if you become rich and respected it is a sign of your being blessed by me’. Judaist God said: ‘Banks should work on Saturday: it is necessary to maintain economy viable’; Pope said: ‘Folks, freedom is a great evil, Christ was a conservative, human history didn’t see uglier interpretation than those heretics made by saying that ‘The last will be the first’ – is a call for revolution’. All gods became demagogues and populists or better say – ideologists – it was really a great progress of our civilization. Honestly saying, we, the new sinners, are puzzled by how to classify our sins. First of all, what are they? The first great sin produced by modern civilization is apathy, depression, hypochondria, spleen – any other words for the same thing? It makes people indifferent to what happens in their life, to other people and what is more important to their company. To punish these sinners we encloister them into the walls of modern corporation. You would probably ask: whether they are not there already? Yes! What an insightful person you are! They are already in hell and will stay there fore
Executive Summary The issue of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) spread and infections is an international concern with nations across the globe endeavouring to provide a long-term sustainable solution in combating this pandemic. The HIV issue has been a constant problem that has elicited national debates and called for serious interventions to secure the world’s population against HIV-related fatalities. Within Sub-Saharan Africa, Swaziland is one of the most rigorously HIV-affected nations with approximately one out of three adults infected by HIV. By 2005, the HIV prevalence rates among expectant women were estimated to be 43% and approximately 75-80% of TB patients co-infected with the HIV. Despite interventions showing a significant reduction in prevalence rates, the HIV infection is continually becoming a constant problem in Swaziland. This paper thus provides a five-year strategic plan for HIV prevention and health promotion to provide long-term sustainable HIV response. The strategic plan entails procedural, steady, and successive approaches towards establishing the prevalence rates and levels of HIV infection coupled with providing a long-term sustainable response plan that also involves strengthening the connection between health care systems and HIV intervention plans. Strategy Development For years, HIV/AIDS infections have been part of the global healthcare discussions, as nations across the world endeavour to find potential strategies to avert this impediment to public health. Mermin (2011) notes that with the looming danger imposed by the growing cases of HIV/AIDS infections across the world, HIV forms one of the international calamities as one of the issues that should get considerable attention within the health care sector. According to World Health Organisation (WHO) (2005), Swaziland is currently one of the most severely HIV-affected nations, with the first case in this country reported in 1987. In Swaziland, by 2005, more than one individual in three grown persons suffered from this infection, with the HIV prevalence rates in expectant women estimated to approximately 43% (WHO 2005). Therefore, further infection would probably be detrimental to Swaziland’s health care sector. Central to avoiding further spread, this five-year strategic plan for HIV prevention and health promotion will provide a long-term sustainable HIV response. Health refers to the degree of wellness in human or a state of mental, physical, or social fitness (Whitehead 2001). Health promotion is the process that enables persons to enhance control, management, and/or eradication of an infection by increasing control on the determinants of health (McQueen 2000). Health promotion is doubtlessly the most fundamental efficient, ethical, sustainable, and effective approach towards attaining good health. Health promotion strategies notably engage families and communities in preventing ailments, optimising care, and holding accountable healthcare providers (Delaney 1994; McQueen 2000). The majority of the health promotion theories normally develop from the behavioural and societal sciences where the relationship amongst knowledge, behaviou
Introduction Christoph Willibald Gluck’s “Dedication for Alceste ” is a preface to the printed score of Alceste (1768) written in 1769 to provide the composer’s explanation of those modifications that he made in relation to the concept of opera. From this point, “Dedication for Alceste ” presents the main principles of Gluck’s ‘reform opera’ with detailed interpretations. Main body The first main point discussed by Gluck is his rejection of principles of the conventional Italian opera. Gluck stated in his work: “When I undertook to write the music for Alceste , I resolved to divest it entirely of all those abuses … which have so long disfigured Italian opera” (199). These words explain why the composer avoided focusing on a singer and accentuated the role of music and drama in opera. As a result, vocal parts in Alceste are non-virtuosic, and melismas are reduced. Gluck accentuated in the preface: “I have striven to restrict music to its true office of serving poetry by means of expression” (199). Thus, the story expressed by means of music became the focus of opera. The key principle that guides Gluck’s vision of a ‘reform opera’ is a simplicity principle. Gluck emphasized this idea several times in his preface: “Simplicity, truth, and naturalness are the great principles of beauty in all artistic manifestations” (200). These principles explain why Gluck’s new opera was based on clarity, the lack of vocal improvisation, and the accentuation of the drama. The intention of writing the preface was to explain why the composer chose to avoid focusing on a singer and changed it with emphasis on music and drama. This approach was revolutionary for the 18 th century as the opera utilized Italian standards. Gluck’s reforms were unpredictable and impressive. The composer noted: “I was well aware of all the risk run in combating such firmly and profoundly rooted prejudices” (200). The risk was in the fact that it was a challenge for the opera world to propose such reforms as were presented in both Orfeo ed Euridice (1762) and Alceste (1768). Conclusion “Dedication for Alceste ” is an important document to be preserved and consulted for understanding how approaches to opera were reformed in the 18 th century, and what role in the process was played by Gluck. The preface provides unique information on the specific changes in opera from the composer’s perspective. This fact allows evaluating how these ideas were revolutionary for that period. Works Cited Gluck, Christoph Willibald. “Dedication for Alceste (1769).” Source Readings in Music History, Volume 5: The Late Eighteenth Century . Ed. Leo Treitler. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1998. 198-200. Print.
Company’s governance structure The Board of Directors oversees the operations of Rio Tinto. They delegate the daily management roles to the Executive Committee and the company’s chief executive. The shareholders may nominate an Executive Director to the Board of Directors or the Nominee Committee may pick an Executive Director to join the Board. The institution also consists of the Sustainability, Audit, Remuneration, Nominations, and the Chairman’s Committees. The Management plays an administrative role and entails; the Investment, Procedures and Disclosure, and the Executive Committees (Rio Tinto, 2013). Strategies aligning stakeholders’ interests A capital of about $5.2 billion is required from investors into the venture and thus a share issue is inevitable. The company plans to maximize output by investing in low-cost mines as well as commitment to optimize available capital by directing resources into projects with highest returns. Re-opening the Panguna Mine Rio Tinto considered the balance between the ore’s size estimates versus the amount of capital required to restart the project. Feasibility study has pointed towards approximately 16 million ounces of gold and 4.6 million tons of copper. Another consideration is how investors will channel $5.2 billion into the venture. Additionally, the management considers the reception they expect to get in the region considering the uprising that led to a loss of estimated 20,000 lives in 1989. The management also seeks to follow government policy therefore will need an approval from relevant authorities to start its operations. Type of Management Decision and Financial technique The type of decision-making involved in the business is non-programmed and strategic. The decision is complex and crucial and important to the business, hence non-programmed. Strategic decisions have a long-term implication for the business and involve enormous sum investment into the business, mainly to expand the business focus. The decision-making process is th
Introduction In this case study, you will take the role of Steven, who is the newly-appointed General Manager of Longxiang Building Material Co. As its name suggests, Longxiang produces building materials for the Chinese market. It is located in Linfen City, Shanxi Province, China. As a general manager, Steven will have to deal with all kinds of problems and challenges that plague the Longxiang Building Material company, and the greatest challenge he has to face is the HR problem. The company is held back by high turnover rates, the disconnection between junior and senior managerial staff, and lack of qualified personnel to replace the ones that left due to reasons caused by numerous flaws within the company’s structure. It is up to Steven to come up with strategic decisions to remedy these problems and help bolster the company to a new level of operational effectiveness. These issues are not unique to Longxiang alone – Chinese companies, in general, have problems with high turnover rates due to the abundance of the low-quality workforce and not enough qualified personnel to occupy management positions. High turnover rate, in turn, causes a disconnection between different levels of the managerial ladder – junior managers do not stay for long due to long probation periods at half-wages. The HR problem is connected to the previous two – it is unlikely for qualified personnel to stay in Longxiang due to these conditions. Together, these issues reduce the company’s overall efficiency. Teams filled with unqualified and unmotivated personnel along with conflicting managerial staff cannot handle large projects without setbacks and delays, which are detrimental to business. While these factors may not be prevalent in China, where every company suffers from these problems, which makes it an equal playing field, they may become a problem, should the company try to reach out to markets outside of China. Longxiang is planning to expand into Russian, Indian, and Middle-eastern markets, with the potential of going global and reaching towards Europe and the Americas, in the next 5 years. By that time, organizational and HR problems of the company must be resolved. Background Information The company “Longxiang Building Material Co., Ltd” was established in 1990 in Linfen City, Shanxi province, China. It works in the construction market segment for over 26 years. The company is a family-owned business in China, with a great reputation in the building materials industry. The company’s goal is to provide the best service, superior values, and quality materials to the customer. The products include wood, brick, n
Abstract The holistic development and mental wellbeing of a child depend on the stability of the family in which one grows. Children from stable families and supporting parents tend to become responsible citizens and successful adults. On the other hand, children from dysfunctional families where violence and crime are common activities learn to embrace such antisocial practices. In this paper, the researcher explains societal views on refugees and the effects of migration and integration on children’s holistic development and mental wellbeing. The study shows that refugees have often received the support of the international community as they try to protect their lives away from their countries. However, the increasing cases of extremist attacks and violent crimes committed by some asylum seekers are changing the perception. There are fear and resentment that many currently have towards refugees. The instability that refugee children suffer significantly affects their development and mental wellbeing. They are most likely to become engaged in crime as they become youths. Refugee Definition, Background, and Societal Views Definition of Refugees The term refugee has received different definitions from various organizations, but they all bring out the same meaning. Taken from the word refuge, which means protection or shelter from distress or danger, this term has been defined in various ways by different organizations and scholars. Goularas, İpek and Önel (2020) define it as “a person who has been forced to leave their country to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster.” This definition emphasizes the fact that a refugee is forced to seek asylum in a foreign country because of persecution, internal conflicts, or natural disasters. They feel that if they do not leave their homes, they may be exposed to grave danger. According to the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR), a refugee is a person “who has fled war, violence, conflict or persecution and has crossed an international border to find safety in another country.” This definition excludes internally displaced persons who are expected to get the protection and care of their governments. When an individual crosses the international border because of the reasons given above, they will be considered refugees based on the definition of UNHCR. The Organization of African Unity (OAU), currently the African Union (AU), defined a refugee as an individual “who, owing to external aggression, occupation, foreign domination or events seriously disturbing public order in either part or the whole of his country of origin or nationality, is compelled to leave his place of habitual residence to seek refuge in another place outside his country of origin or nationality” (Abouarab 2019, p. 56). This definition broadens the scope of factors that can force an individual to become a refugee. External aggression, occupation, and foreign domination are fact
Real-Life Case Study In February 2003, at Duke University Medical Center, Jessica Santillan who was 17 died after undergoing heart-lung transplantation because of a simple mistake. The circumstances of this case were particularly poignant. Her family and the wider community had gone to extraordinary lengths to make her operation possible. Jessica had been brought to the United States by her father, a truck driver from Guadalajara, Mexico to seek treatment for her condition. She suffered from a severe congenital heart problem and was disabled to the extent that she fainted on any exertion. The only treatment for her condition was a heart-lung transplant. Her family begged in the streets to raise funds for Jessica’s procedure until a North Carolina businessman adopted her cause. Money was then raised by a grass-roots foundation by building houses with donated materials and selling them. On the evening preceding the operation, there were considerable logistical difficulties in obtaining the organs. They were eventually implanted, but, after a short time, it became apparent that they were not functioning well. The transplant coordinator then called to inform the team that the transplanted organs were incompatible: Jessica’s blood type was O and the donor was A. Jessica spent two weeks in intensive care, critically ill. She underwent a second heart-lung transplant, but to no avail. On February 22 she was pronounced brain dead, and life-support was withdrawn. During this period there was full disclosure of the facts by Duke Medical
Organizations in various domains ranging from global business spheres up to public administration have always been faced with extenuating challenges with regards to the critical matter of ethics. From the contentious contributions in the definitions of ethics and morality, the pervading point of confluence is that these relate to that which governs the widely accepted and widely expected good human conduct and behavior. It is in this conceptual and theoretical precinct that the paper explores the behaviors and conduct of sex education institutions in the US to illuminate the organizations’ perceived unethical conduct. The study has taken a thrust at the sex education curricula articulated by the state-funded institutions and presents areas in which the entities have functioned unethically. The paper culminates in providing recommendations of recourse drawing from contributions of various scholars and theorists who have offered feasible insights for organizational ethical reform and orientation. Moral choice is deemed to be crucial for honorable administrators. It normally consists of three equally important criterions such as being 1) disciplined people, 2) active participants in their organizations and 3) independent judges. Given the benefits incurred to both individuals and organizations, administrators in every single organization should employ—besides technical skills—”moral choice” to effectually lead the organization, as well as resolve any problem in such an organization. Upon the basis of the declared outline, the paper will present arguments over the public administrative policies regards the prevention of unwanted pregnancies and the contraction of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Organizations particularly in public administration are bound to lead people in morally acceptable ways by charting and adhering to ethical manners of getting core goals and objectives accomplished. Such organizations have to place their key policy and ideology on the succor of values and morals governing normal human conduct and behavior. Values in this conceptual precinct are perceived as those ideas regarded as worthy, estimable, and important. By extension, values can be viewed as those concepts that govern human behaviors like freedom, equality, education, etc. Ethics are thus held as objective since these set the basis for a pattern of universality in the manner in which human conduct can be classified as either ethical or unethical, moral or immoral. The advocation for the principles of abstinence from sexual activity for the youth and the adolescents has been hailed by most Americans. Nonetheless, the thrust constitutes various elements that are arguable unethical. The teaching of abstinence is a commendable approach to the aims of curtailing contemporary predicaments of STIs and HIV/AIDS and unwanted teenage and youth pregnancies. The sticking point arises at the abstinence-only-until-marriage teaching that is being fed into the mentalities of the youths and the teenagers by various sex education institutions in the U