ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The dimension of masculinity (MAS) elaborated by Hofstede refers to the level of importance of traditionally male values such as assertiveness, ambition, intention to have power, and materialism, and feminine values, including relationships and modesty. Cultures with more pronounced masculinity typically present more distinct differences between the sexes and are prone to rivalry and achievement of goals. The smaller index of the mentioned dimension means that the culture is characterized by less significant differences between the sexes and a higher value of the relationships. The case study focusing on the merger between two companies such as Upjohn and Pharmacia is a vivid example of how feminine and masculine cultures interact, and what challenges they encounter. In particular, the former is an American company, while the latter is composed of Italian and Swedes employees. The given case reveals a misunderstanding between these cultures that occurred because of different MAS index. For example, Americans have pronounced masculinity since they are quick and resolute in their decisions and have strict rules in a business area. In their turn, Italians and Swedes belong to a feminine culture, which is expressed in modesty, focus on relationships and family, and comfort at a workplace. For example, the fact that in the US, all employees should pass alcohol and drug abuse tests, while people may gather to drink at work in Italy causes confusion. At the same time, even though both Italy and Sweden demonstrate a low MAS index and belong to a feminine societal culture, they also have differences and difficulties in communication. As an example, one may note the situation with the organizational structure. If Swedes prefer to treat each other as equal at work, then Italians value hierarchy, which is largely affected by power distance in the given cultures. In particular, Sweden is characterized as a culture with low power distance, and Italy has medium indicators. In general, Hofstede’s dimensions should be considered in combination to understand relations between cultures appropriately. The second case relates to the experience of Steve Austensen in Norway as an area manager working for the United Cinema. Norway as a culture with a feminine fashion and the US culture with a high MAS index belongs to two diverse poles. The regions that are geographically isolated from other communities are psychologically-oriented to permanent norms of thinking and behavior, which generally contribute to the formation and cultivation of traditions in society at the local level manifesting in family and intergroup relations. Such communities have inherent features of autonomy and self-sufficiency, on the one hand, and feelings of social involvement in the national-corporate spirit, on the other hand. As c
Introduction ‘I can still hear your music’ is a phrase that best describes the connection that people have with good music as regards their memory recall. Human nature is a slave to good music, albeit resistance to it as a master can be pursued, it can never be achieved (O’Donell 1). Frankie Lymon is one such artist who at a very tender age sang good music that connected with his entire fans. His eventual passing on has left behind clear tunes in their minds as though his presence still subsists among them. Frankie Lymon and the Teenagers Frank Joseph ‘Frankie’ Lymon was born on the 30 th of September1942 in Harlem New York City of the United States of America. Frankie was of an African- American descent with a reputation of being the boy soprano lead singer of a group called ‘The teenagers’ (Solent communications 2). The teenagers sang Rock and Roll and R and B tunes. The Teenagers’ originally comprised of three members who were African- American (Frankie Lymon, Jimmy Merchant and Sherman Games) with two additional members of Puerto Rican Descent (Herman Santiago and Joe Negroni). Frankie Lymon and the teenagers took a very short time before wooing their fans with charm (Pan- African News Wire 4). After being a group for not less than two years, they were already recognized as one of the pioneer success cases of rock and roll music. Rogers, describes Frankie Lymon as the ‘trendsetters in the early days of rock and roll’ (1) a massive complement in the realm of music given to them would be that many young boys struggled to copy and try out their style of a boys group just so that they could gain public attention. Pegue (1) articulated that any kid-group that posses the qualities of personality and exposure as compliments to great sound and arrangement would most definitely hit the jackpot as far as guaranteed success is concerned. There is no doubt that the Frankie Lymon and the teenagers possessed these qualities. Their triumph in music sensation as a boys group was consummate. Their debut single in 1959 ‘Why do fools fall in love’ turned out top be their biggest hit due to a smatter strategy; using the services of Dj Allan Freed, whose popularity aide his introduction of Frankie and the teenagers to International audiences without much kick. Further achievement was experienced when they eventually secured corporate network deals and business connection thanks to GEE and RAMA records owned by George. As if that was not enough, the group did a hit-movie called “Rock Rock Rock”, which consequently marketed their style globally. The commencement Frankie’s father, Howard Lymon, was part of a renowned gospel music group called the Harlemaires. Thanks to his father, Frankie, together with his brothers; Louis and Howie sang with the Harlemaires. Frankie was nurtured in to becoming a musician at an early age. Later on, in 1955, a New York corner quartet group called Emines was coming through. Frankie, on developing interest in Music joined the group which changed names to Coupe de Villes, thanks to their Puerto Rico friends. Latter in the year, they became the
In the recent past, as a result of the increased autonomy of physical therapists in executing their duties, there has been an increase in the number of ethical and legal responsibilities of individuals in this profession. Unlike in the past when the duties of physical therapists were few, nowadays physical therapists are not only supposed to provide medical care to patients but also they are supposed to manage aides and other health care, professionals. Further, nowadays there exist numerous business opportunities that physical therapists can venture in, while still serving a health care institution. As a result of these changes profession, numerous legal and ethical questions arise every day as concerns the patient’s independence and delivery of quality service. Therefore, to ensure that practitioners in this field conform to the new developments by performing their duties to desired standards with integrity, there exist several legal and ethical responsibilities, which every physical therapist is supposed to respect. Without these responsibilities, the entire physical therapy practice will be in jeopardy, as there will be no criteria for differentiating right and wrong actions. This article will discuss the ethical and legal responsibilities of physical therapists ((Triesenberg, 1996, 1098-1099). The first ethical responsibility of physical therapists is that of respecting and upholding high standards of dignity when dealing with clients regardless of their age, ethnicity, nationality, gender, or health condition. Practitioners in this field are supposed to respect every individual’s rights and treat them equally without any form of biasness. The second responsibility of practitioners in this profession is dealing with patients with the utmost care while ensuring that they build the desired level of confidence in their clients. This involves acting in the best interest of patients, maintaining high standards of confidentiality of the patient’s information, and ensuring that the patients are provided with the required information that will help them to make informed decisions about their health. Practitioners in this field are also supposed to be accountable for any judgments they make about their patients; hence, they need them to make decisions that are objective, accurate, truthful, and dependable. A physical therapist can achieve this through wide consultation n and by ensuring that they conform to the set standards of their practice (Triesenberg, 1996, pp. 1102-1104). On the other hand, physical therapists must ensure that they encourage proper organizational behaviors; behaviors that should not only benefit patients, but also the entire society. This includes ensuring that no practicing practitioner receives tips or gifts from patients and overcharging of patients
Eating Disorder Prevention Programs is an article written by Eric Stice and Heather Shaw. Through the article, Stice and Shaw evaluated the current information on eating disorders based on risks and maintenance aspects rather than on a particular analysis. Based on the available data, Stice suggested that risks and maintenance factors could not be distinguished from diagnosis consequences without adequate information (Stice & Shaw, 2002) . In general, the article illustrates meta-analytic procedures, the existing intervention programs, and their effects. To understand the effects of intervention moderators, the authors assessed several eating disorder programs. Moderators were chosen on a theoretical basis. From all the programs evaluated, 53% of the intervention strategies led to a reduction on risk factors associated with eating disorders. Alternatively, 25% of intervention strategies led to a significant drop in eating disorders (Stice & Shaw, 2002). After an extensive research, Stice and Shaw discovered that some intervention strategies led to a reduction on both risk factors and eating disorders. With these findings, Stice believed that they had accomplished innovative developments in food pathology (Stice & Shaw, 2002). In my opinion, the authors’ findings were too insignificant to be regarded as developments. Correspondi
The Jewish worship service is mainly characterized with recitations which are in form of prayers repeated several times as part of offering meditation to God. The recitations are made possible with the use of a special Jewish book of prayer called siddur. Those Jews who are considered to be strict adherents of the religious faith are usually supposed to perform three prayer recitations on a daily basis. Moreover, they are expected to recite more prayers on the holy day of Sabbath alongside other momentous holidays observed by the Jews (Sagi 156). The ideal prayer method is that which involves a team of believers who are about ten in number. They are referred to as minyan and they must be adults. However, there are some instances when prayers can be undertaken by single individuals in a synagogue. In order to ensure a suitable length for prayer service and recitations in the synagogue, the Jewish place of worship has a specially employed professional who is charged with the duty of leading the recitations and singing s. Basically, the lay-professional who is also known as a hazzan ensures that the congregation is well lead through the prayer and worship session (Sagi 132). When the prayer session is on, the act of moving the body to and fro is common among most Jewish believers. This is called shokeling. However, it is not a compulsory requirement for Jewish believers to sway their bodies and in some instances, the practice has been refuted as unacceptable by a section of the Jewish clergy. One of the most important rule or requirement when prayer sessions are being conducted is the high level of concentration. There is a general belief that unless believers deeply stay focused and concentrated during prayer services, the impact of such prayers will not be felt both in flesh and also in the spiritual world. The act of concentrating is known as kavvanah. Visitors Male believers who attend prayers at the synagogue are highly recommended to put on a piece of cloth covering their heads. This head covering may be in form of a hat which is often given near the front entry of the synagogue (Sagi 75). Similarly, both the Conservative and Orthodox synagogues also have put down a rule which directs both Jews and non-Jews to have a covering on their heads. A visitor in a Jewish synagogue is also expected to perform certain rituals during the prayer sessions and on the same note, there are some practices which are largely considered to be unfit in the synagogue. There are rules which generally apply in a Jewish synagogue. Firstly, when the p
In times of emergencies and incidents where human life is in danger, services that transport the victim from the scene to the treatment unit are critical. Every state has an emergency medical service called Emergency Medical Service (EMS). Many factors determine the correct and efficient operation of EMS. When designing the infrastructure, it is crucial to consider the aspects that affect the efficient operation of the service. Modern engineers create circuits that allow for the establishment and optimisation of medical ambulance operations. The purpose of this research paper is to identify urban environmental factors that have the most significant impact on the management of the EMS transport system, as well as to analyse the essential operation of the Emergency Medical Service Unit. Before determining the main influencing factors, special attention should be paid to the evolution of EMS at different stages of human development. It is believed that the history of emergency medical service begins long before the peak of the ancient Greek and Roman epochs (Bucher and Zaidi, 2018). At that time, the service only transported wounded warriors from the endless wars of antiquity to the infirmary. Along with the development of human society, the idea underlying the medical service also changed (Kellermann et al ., 2013). Only in the last century, namely in 1972, the priority of EMS changed from transporting patients to providing primary health care. Thus, the service ceased to act as a mediator, becoming a fully-fledged paramedic. It is wrong to think that with the emergence of the role of paramedic, corpsman and emergency medical rescue service has changed everywhere. An analysis of the scientific literature shows that the work of the EMS is directly dependent on the level of income of the country where the service operates. For example, according to Mehmood et al . (2018), Emergency Medical Service has only transport competence if the country’s income level is low. As the state’s economic system grows, EMS functions increase, and may include emergency assistance on the spot. It is important to note that regardless of the country’s financial support, the EMS will aim to help those in urgent need. The tasks to be performed by the service include either on-site treatment or the organization of the transfer of the patient to the point of care. For this reason, the design of the leading vehicle, which serves as the essential tool in the professional activities of EMS staff, may vary. Generally, there are four main types of vehicles:   * vehicles that provide only transport services;   * vehicles that have a basic set of medical services;   * machines that have the equipment to perform operations;   * machines capable of providing ALS. It is noteworthy that the latter category of vehicles may include not only vehicles but also helicopters designed for a more rap
Introduction In American literary history, one greatest but unhappiest names is that of Edgar Allen Poe (1809-1849), who is a master of Gothic stories and a celebrated poet of natural human instincts. His whole life is noted for the fits of madness and depression which made him attempt suicide in 1848. This had a great influence on his writings and evidence of such fits can be traced in his short stories and poems. In this discourse two of his famous short stories, ‘‘The Tell-Tale Heart’’ and “The Cask of Amontillado” are studied in an attempt to better understand the use of symbolism, the literary tool of irony, and the theme of terror as a Gothic element in the stories. One of Poe’s most famous short stories, ‘‘The Tell-Tale Heart,’’ (1843) can be best understood as a psychological portrait of a mad narrator who kills a man and afterward hears his victim’s relentless heartbeat. It is simultaneously a horror story and psychological thriller told from a first-person perspective. In his best-known Tales of horror, “The Cask of Amontillado,” (1846) Poe suggests that pride can be a very dangerous thing. He “presents the compelling drama of two men, one who will stop at nothing to get the revenge that he deems himself and his family worthy of, and another whose pride will ultimately be the catalyst for his death.” In this analysis, we find the best study on the symbols, irony, and theme of the two masterly short stories. In the story ‘Tell-tale heart’ the protagonist kills an old man not because the old man did anything wrong to him or he did not like the person but the idea to kill comes to him naturally. He blames it on the old man’s ‘pale blue eye with a film over it’ being the reason for the murder but how much of it could be true depends on the sanity of the narrator. The narrator is not in a position to explain how the idea to kill the old man came to his mind but it started haunting him once it is conceived. With the plan hatched, he executes the murder and makes sure the old man is stone dead, and then conceals his body leaving no evidence of the crime at the scene. When the police arrive the narrator takes them to the place where he committed the crime. His faith in his ability to hide the murder is so strong that nothing seemed to bother him. However, all of a sudden, his conscience haunts him and he is made to confess the truth by the inner self. The murder, how horrifying it might be, did not haunt him as powerfully as the insanity that the narrator felt forcing to confess the crime without any external pressure. In the story “The Cask of Amontillado”, the author presents the convincing drama of two men, Fortunato and Montresor. The story tells how the latter plans to revenge the other, and the latter falls prey to the revenge of the other just because of his pride. It may be concluded that it is for the sake of h
Sara Lee is an international company that is involved in the production and manufacturing as well as marketing of consumer goods. The company was developed back in 1939. This was the time when CD Kenny Company was acquired by Kenny Company that was involved in the distribution of tea, sugars, and coffee. The company is involved in a number of product lines that includes beverages, food, household products and branded apparel. The company is involved in a highly competitive market competing with about 2000 markets across the world. Since the company is involved in marketing products whose supply is relatively very high, it is forced to put more effort on marketing in order to maintain a high level of sales. Sara Lee mission Sara Lee’s mission is to delight its customers’ everyday. The company is very much determined to maintain value to its customers by providing quality products throughout. Consequently, it is advisable for the company. Vision Sara Lee’s vision is to be the first choice to the consumers and customers from all over the world. The company is therefore determined to maintain good relationships with its customers. This has been achieved by maintaining value for its customers. Value In order to maintain a high level of performance throughout the organisation, Sara Lee Corporation is
We can see that, in the contemporary world, there are more and more instances of car accidents that lead to the injuries of a large number of people and even their deaths. However, the question is: why is it so? In order to solve this problem or at least have a beneficial influence on it, professionals have to understand the main causes of the issue and put considerable effort into preventing them. It is believed that the main reasons for the growing number of car accidents and deaths on the roads is the development of new technologies and, as a result, the irresponsible driving of individuals who are largely addicted to them. Therefore, by providing a few essential arguments and taking of the most popular practices as an example, the following speech will prove that individuals should not text while driving. As it is already mentioned, the most significant reason of why people should stop texting or using their phones overall while driving is because it can lead to serious negative consequences, such as car crashes, injuries, and deaths of a large number of people. According to statistics, “in the United States, one-third of drivers text while they are behind the wheel and distraction is the cause of 25% of all car crashes that involve injuries” (“2019 United States car accidents statistics,” 2020). This is because when you are driving and, at the same time, use phone phone at any capacity, it is impossible to keep all the needed attention on the road. This number is continually rising; therefore, something should be definitely done to stop this growth, and one of the best solutions is to educate individuals about the negative impact of cell phone usage on the road. In addition, in case you are using your phone for nay purposes while driving, you are not only putting your life at a considerable risk but also endanger you passengers. Transporting other people in a vehicle is a huge responsibility because any mistake can lead to serious consequences for their health and life. Zakhareuski (2020) also puts a specific emphasis on this point while talking about the possible influences of distracted driving. He asks his readers a question of whether they could live with the understanding that their selfish decision to check their messages or turn on a different song caused someone to die or suffer from severe health complications (Zakhareuski, 2020). Thus, for the purpose of ensuring the safety and physical well-being of yourself and all the passengers in the car it is critical to prevent yourself from texting while driving. Another consequence of using your phone while driving is a considerable increase in the likelihood of receiving a huge monetary fine or a punishment. Even