ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The story of King Uruk, or Gilgamesh, is widely recognized as the first known explanation of the relationship between humans and gods. In other words, The Epic of Gilgamesh is the first mention of mythology in our world. To be more exact, the piece’s primary focus is on King Uruk’s transformation from a horrible ruler to a kind one when he is forced to face mortality. As stated, the main character of this story is the King of Uruk, who now serves as a reminder that in the early times, humans used to feel the same as we did. According to Anneberg Learner (2021), this writing is older than Bible since it is “four thousand years old in its oldest form.” Therefore, The Epic of Gilgamesh describes the life of Uruk’s ruler, above all other kings, considering that he was special, “he was two-thirds divine and one-third human” (Anneberg Learner, 2021). However, when the gods realized that they could not handle such an arrogant ruler, they sent Gilgamesh’s copy, Enkidu. Finally, the King of Uruk realized the significance of social interaction, “wonderful about being engaged with another human being” (Anneberg Learner, 2021). It is significant to note that Enkidu actually started the same way as Adam and, consequently, was humanized by the prostitute sent by the gods. Still, one fatal mistake of Enkidu and Gilgamesh leads to the first’s inevitable death, and when the King of Uruk realizes that his friend is dead, he starts seeking immortality. Overall, the story’s main idea is that the gods created immortality only for themselves, while humans will always be followed by death. Eventually, as Gilgamesh’s chance to live forever was stolen by a serpent, he finally realized his treasure, knowing the past and ability to return back to his city. At the end of the story, the town survives its ruler, which is why such a powerful message leads to the human population remembering it ever since. Reference Annenberg Learner. (2020). The Epic of Gilgamesh . Web.
The increasing global prominence of the internet is a major source of concern for law enforcers because of the increasing sophistication of fraudsters. Law enforcement agencies in many parts of the world now have cybercrime divisions that tackle the increasing challenge of high tech fraud. This paper reviews an article published by Shaik and Shaik (2014) in the International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering titled, “Cybercrime is a Global Problem: Increasingly Social and Mobile.” Article Summary The article discusses the general threats posed by the increasing incidents of cybercrime across the world. The purpose of the authors is to give internet and mobile phone users the knowledge needed to reduce the risk of becoming cybercrime victims. The first point that the authors make is that cybercrime affects individuals, organizations, and governments alike. However, the reports made to law enforcement agencies tend to come from victims who have suffered minimal losses. Victims who suffer great losses tend to shy away from reporting their losses because of reputational risks. The authors then examine different types of strategies used in high tech fraud. The main issues raised in this section include hacking, phishing, child pornography, software piracy, denial of service attacks, among others (Shaik & Shaik, 2014). The authors explain how each of these modes of cybercrime work and the vulnerabilities that make them possible. In the next section of the article, the authors examine cybercrime and fraud related to the use of mobile phones and social networks. In this regard, the authors examine different approaches used by criminals. An interesting point to note in this discussion is that the methods used by criminals to gain access to mobile phone SIM cards have legitimate uses. These methods include spoofing, SMS-spoofing, and email spoofing (Shaik & Shaik, 2014). The authors also pointed out that cybercriminals can gain remote access to webcams and use them for spying (Shaik & Shaik, 2014). In the final section of the article, the authors give detailed recommendations to technology users on how to ward off the risk of becoming high tech fraud victims. These recommendations include not sharing their financial information via email. The authors also advocate for care when visiting new websites, and they urge internet users to be wary of online acquaintances that appear too friendly. Similarities of the Article to Class Readings The article reviewed has several similarities to class readings. The five main similarities are as follows. First, the class reading and the artic
A cardiopulmonary attack happens when the heart suddenly ceases to pump blood, causing the victim to become unconscious and show no signs of blood flow and breathing. Instant death can occur if corrective steps are not implemented quickly enough. One of Australia’s leading causes of mortality and morbidity is cardiovascular arrest (Paratz et al., 2021). Each year, around 5,000 Australians under the age of 50 suffer suspected cardiovascular arrest. Ninety percent of the victims die directly as a result of the arrest (Paratz et al., 2021). Cardiac arrest can occur in anyone, regardless of age or health history, but it is more likely in people already diagnosed with heart problems (Kandasamy et al., 2019). Therefore, early defibrillation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) preserve a person’s life and decrease any lengthy neurological dysfunction. The chances of survival of a patient requiring resuscitation depend on the correct application of the CPR procedure and the immediate collaborative response of the medical teams. The video obtained from YouTube attempts to illustrate the basic steps for appropriate CPR and the use of a defibrillator (ChristianCare, 2011). According to the video, a nurse enters the room and observes no patient activity on the bed after calling the patient’s name and receiving no response. The nurse responds by calling out to her colleagues for assistance. When a patient fails to respond to tactile or verbal stimuli, it is best recommended that the n
Data is very crucial to organizations because it is the major reference tool that can be used when decisions are to be made. There are two elements of data that go hand in hand and they are namely data integration and data quality. Data integration involves merging information from various sources to make a single pile of information that can be understood by users. This is because when a user has to extract information from different sources it might be confusing to him/her hence may not be helpful. On the other hand, data quality entails accuracy and appropriateness of the information obtained from databases. This paper focuses on the differences between the two aspects of data and reviews their importance to companies. Most people think that data quality and integration is one and the same thing but this perception is only from the perspective of a lay man. The two elements of data, that is, integration and quality are different but we need them both hence we cannot ignore either of them because they are equally important to companies and individuals. In this age of electronic transactions we need to make sure that we minimize errors and also make it simple for our consumers to grasp something from the information that they get while interacting with our systems in their day to day operations. Imhoff (2005) argues that failure to emphasize on quality and integration can lead to decline in business because customers will opt to revert to old manual techniques. Most people emphasize quality more than integration. In the final end the latest developments in technology will loose its importance if the systems are not user friendly. The systems that most companies and other institutions have rolled out w
The presently analyzed article examines business practices and managerial values in the context of globalization: through a detailed literature review, he tries to understand whether cross-cultural interference is positively influenced by managerial values, how managerial values interrelate with the organizational culture as well as how the profile of business practices has changed in the course of globalization and overall integration. From the very beginning the author substantiates the choice of the topic and explains the importance of the issue being discussed: he intends to prove that the overall process of globalization observed nowadays in the world leads to the major change in managerial behavior, managerial values, and the way business is conducted. One more distinguishing feature he mentions is the overall obsession with environmental issues that also influenced the formation of the companies’ mission, vision, and corporate ethics codes (Kanungo, 2006: 23). This opinion surely makes sense as nobody will deny the fact that globalization is unstoppable, intensifying with every coming year and requiring an adequate response from the managerial staff and business administration in order to bring the actions of the global community to coherence and persistence. The environmental crisis is one of the major side effects of the industrial revolution; its dramatic influence has been recently realized hence making environmental protection one of the most aching issues of contemporary reality. Every business should include these considerations in its agenda while planning the business strategy to choose in order to succeed as companies that neglect the global environment are not favored nowadays and receive a negative reputation at once, are doomed to failure in the business arena. Extension of interrelations across cultural and geographic borders is also one of the issues brought about by globalization – it is possible to agree with the author on this point. However, the question is in the reason and consequence ties between these two notions – whether it is globalization that is the push towards multifaceted cooperation of managers and business owners, reformation of managerial values and corporate ethics to suit the changing demands. It is useful to look back to the period when FDI and MNCs were still unknown and not understood by the society, thought to be b
Maltreated Children’s Understanding of and Emotional Reactions to Dependency Court Involvement is scholarly research written by Jodi Quas, Ph.D., Allison R. Wallin, Ph.D., Briana Horwitz, M.A., Elizabeth Davis, M.A. and Thomas D. Lyon, Ph.D. and published in the 27 th issue of Behavioral Science and the Law. This comprehensive study assumes a scholarly perspective to approach the issue of children and the contemporary legal processes. This is a very important study because it uses a psychological approach to try and get to the children’s minds when involved in dependency courts. Jodi Quas and colleagues resorted to determine how children involved in legal proceedings concerning maltreatment understood the legal process. Secondly, they sought to identify whether the emotional reactions of the children during the court process had any implications on their general comprehension of the legal system. This marks the purpose of this study. To come up with their data, the researchers identified a total of 94 children who had been undergoing court proceedings for substantiated cases of maltreatment. This sample that involved children aged between 4 and 15 included a mixed gender approach which engaged 49 females of the total population. Of this sample, 40% were of Hispanic descent while African Americans accounted for 23%. To avoid information distortion, no child requiring translation was used in the study. All these children were involved in case proceedings at a juvenile court in Los Angeles. With permission and assistance from the Children’s Law Center of LA, the researchers carried out a questionnaire which was divided into two parts. The first part involved general questions concerning the understanding of legal terms. The children had to define seven of such terms. Secondly, the subjects were involved in another questionnaire which aimed at identifying the conditions in which the children were living and what they would have preferred to be their placement preference. Thirdly, the children were related to a case study from which several open and close ended questions were asked. The fourth stage involved children being shown drawings of faces showing different emotions that ranged from exaggerated smile to an exaggerated frown. The kids were asked to pick one that they felt represented their state (Quas et al, 2009m p.103). The next stage of the study came after the hearing and it involved questions about what had happened inside and how the kid felt concerning the same. The drawings of emotional range were reintroduced to the kids and they were asked to pick the one that closely represented what they felt. This represents an efficient process that does not only identify the process before trial but also follows up the whole proceeding until the end hence finding the reactions and understanding of the whole process by the child (Quas et al, 2009, p.103). With different variables pu
Executive Summary Red Star China is a major player in the shipping brokerage services. However, there are other market rivals that have proven to be a threat to the business. As a result, Howard is trying to make every attempt to develop deeper, emotional and long lasting relationship with NCC. As Howard was progressing well with his guanxi strategy, Pan was transferred to another subsidiary. If Red Star manages to ship chemical products on behalf of NCC, it will be a remarkable business success. From the case study, it is apparent that the Red Star China needs to develop more robust business contacts that have a high supply power. In order to analyze the case, both the Porter’s Five Forces theory and Diamond E-framework have been used. Identification of the problem Red Star China wants to be a business partner with NCC because it has the desire to expand its business operations. According to Howard, Red Star office may hardly succeed in the absence of the NCC business partnership because the latter is a major player in the market. If competitors like SSK capture a working relationship with NCC, Red Star China might significantly miss out a major business opportunity because it will be compelled to rely on its current customers. Red Star strategies might also be jeopardized if the NCC business does not form a working relationship with the company. As it stands now, Howard is unable to make the right decision in regards to whether to make a guanxi relationship with Hans. Another alternative is to foster a new relationship with a Chinese official who is higher in rank than Hans. Worse still, Howard is not comfortable to just abandon his earlier guanxi relationship with Pan. Industry Analysis- Porter’s Five Forces According to Porter’s Five Forces, barrier to entry is one of the most vital factors that impede the expansion of business operations in marketplace. Absolute cost advantages may also propel a business enterprise to reconsider its decision to expand into new locations. Although Red Star China has a wider access to inputs required to run its business portfolio, the inability of Howard to make a formidable guanxi contact with NCC. Th
Introduction The book The Biggest Estate on Earth: How Aborigines Made Australia by Bill Gammage represents the work on the history of the Australian Aborigines and answers the question of how they managed to survive under the extreme conditions. The author tries to explain the traditions of agriculture of the Native Australians and to link them to their way of survival. The natural conditions in Australia are described in the book in order to provide a clear insight into the environment, in which the Australian Aborigines lived. The aim of this article is to summarize and analyze the content of the book by Bill Gammage. Review The main theme of the book The Biggest Estate on Earth: How Aborigines Made Australia is the history of the Australian Aborigines and their way of life. According to Tony Stephens, the aim of the author was to refute the statement that the Australian Aborigines were simple hunter-gathers (Stephens 2011). Gammage tried to prove that the Native Australians were rather skillful in the farming and achieved the substantial level of development of the agriculture. They used the fire for the purposes of land management substantially. Bill Gammage gave his own arguments supporting the Aborigines’ skills and knowledge in farming. One of the conclusions made by him was that the Australian Aborigines had the invaluable knowledge of managing the fire. They applied their skills in the prevention of the bushfires and, thus, they managed to survive in 1788 when their land was at risk of devastation (Stephens 2011). In addition, the author said that the Aborigines’ way of life was not based on farming as it was rather their activity and not the lifeway. Nevertheless, they managed to cultivate a number of valuable crops and to provide the food supply to their communities. In particular, the Aborigines were skillful in growing the yams, fruits, and berries (Stephens 2011). Besides, it is important to note that the tribes reared the animals. It was found
Introduction In the next 20 years, fossil fuels will account for 75% of all new electric power generating capacity, and 60% of this is assumed to come in the form of gas-fired power plants. Thus, many companies in the electricity and natural gas industries are considering investments in such plants. At the same time, the restructuring of electricity and gas markets has brought price transparency in the form of easily available spot- and forward prices. This article offers an approach to analyze gas-fired power plant investments, using the information available on electricity and gas futures and forward markets. A gas-fired power plant may be interesting not only from the point of view of meeting increased power demand. Consider a company owning an undeveloped gas field at a distance to major gas demand hubs. Most of the world’s gas reserves are in such a category of “stranded gas”. Building natural gas pipelines is very costly, and the unit costs of gas transportation decrease rapidly with the capacity of the pipeline. Thus, locating a gas-fired power plant at the end of a new pipeline, near electricity demand, improves the economy of scale in the transmission of natural gas. The research question addressed here is that of an energy manager having an opportunity to build a gas-fired power plant. How high should electricity prices be compared to gas prices, before I start building the plant? Does it matter whether the plant is baseload, running whatever the level of electricity and gas prices, or peak load, running only when the electricity price is above the fuel cost? How does the opportunity to abandon the plant influence the decision to invest? How do greenhouse gas emission costs affect profitability? Whether a new power plant will be run as a baseload plant or ramped up and down according to current energy prices, depends more on the state of the local natural gas market than the technical design of the plant itself. New gas plants will often be of combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) type, which can be operated both as baseload and peak load plants. The operating flexibility is often constrained by the flexibility of the gas inflow. If there is little local storage and/or alternative uses of the natural gas, the plant operator will seldom find it profitable to ramp down the plant. The energy price process Seasonality in the supply and demand of electricity and natural gas, combined with limited storage opportunities, causes cycles and peaks in electricity and gas prices. Spark spread measures the contribution margin of a gas-fired power plant, thus it is defined as the difference between the price of electricity S e and the cost of gas used for the generation of electricity. S = S e – K h S g Where S g is the price of gas and heat rate K h is the amount of gas required t
Introduction The Healthcare system chosen for this report is Aster DM Healthcare. They are a top super-specialty Healthcare provider in United Arab Emirates, India, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and Oman with premium healthcare facilities. Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has posed a significant challenge to various Healthcare organizations and institutions. The World Health Organization determined that the goal in responding to this pandemic is for all nations to control it by slowing down the transmission and reduce the mortality rates associated with COVID-19. The WHO proposed various global strategic objectives to deal with the pandemics’ demand. Aster DM Healthcare successfully implemented these objectives and emerged as one of the organizations that helped in successfully containing this virus in the United Arab Emirates. Review of the Healthcare Strategies The WHO proposed various specific Healthcare strategies to assist nations with battling the pandemic. They were to mobilize the community to respond to the pandemic appropriately, control the sporadic cases and clusters, prevent community transmission, suppress community transmission, reduce COVID-19 related mortality rates, and develop safe and effective vaccine therapies (WHO, 2020). Aster DM Healthcare responded to this call by enhancing its political, economic, social, and technological innovation strategies to meet COVID-19 demands. Please see appendix 1, which details the strategies implemented. Political Strategies The political environment is a significant factor in the operation of the Aster DM Healthcare institutions. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Aster DM Healthcare clinics have worked with the UAE authorities in successfully tackling this crisis. It has partnered with the government and relevant healthcare stakeholders across its geographical locations to ensure enhanced and continuous support to the community and improve its healthcare system (Moopen, n. d.). Therefore, this strategy impacted the community positively, as it assisted with restraining the causes of COVID-19 from spreading. However, there are limited government regulations in India to support and enable the successful implementation of telemedicine, AI technology, and virtual healthcare management. This poses a significant threat in implementing the WHO’s recommended advanced mass testing, follow-up, and readmission. Previously, in UAE, the government did not allow complete legal ownership of foreign investment companies to non-locals. However, recently, the government has allowed 100% legal ownership to foreign businesses, which has permitted Aster to ensure they have crossed their subsidiaries’ 100% legal ownership. This situation has allowed it to be entirely responsible for its operations without significant ownership hurdles during the pandemic. Additionally, Aster ensures they regularly monitor their legal environment, renew their business licenses, and follow and comply with all government and healthcare rules and regulations of their operation geographical regions ( Aster DM healthcare , n. d