ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Homosexuality refers to sexual desires among people of the same gender. In the past, psychological journals classified it as a mental disorder. However, it was removed from the journals in 1973. To date, most theorists still try to find out the exact circumstances under which individuals become homosexuals. Homosexuality is a highly condemned behaviour especially by church leaders because it is considered unethical and against God’s law of creation. The perception that homosexuality is a sin and abominable leads to ethical dilemmas about the practice. The ethical dilemmas are further heightened by individuals who believe that it is not right to discriminate against homosexuals. Individuals who oppose homosexuality argue that gay marriages should not be allowed because homosexuality is unethical while supporters of the practice argue that homosexuals should be allowed to get marred (Cahill 20). Debates about gay marriages have continued in different parts of the world. Allowing two individuals of the same gender to live together as a couple has caused varied reactions among different people. Religious groups and gay communities are among those who express strong views about gay marriages, with each side defending its convictions about the practice. Religious groups argue that gay marriages should not be allowed while gay communities support the practice. Religious groups play a major role in ensuring that gay marriages do not attain legal recognition. Both Christians and gay communities express strong convictions about homosexuality and gay marriages. All convictions are based on religious texts. Moral and ethical issues that surround gay marriages in the United States cannot be ignored because the matter has influenced the manner in which the American citizens lead their lives. Arguments against Gay Marriages Different groups have been fighting for gay rights such as the right to marriage. However, the issue of gay marriages in the United States is surrounded by numerous ethical dilemmas. Religious conservatives have been fighting for gay marriages to be legalised although it might not be possible because the Supreme Court has not issued explicit legal directives that prohibit gay marriages. Religious organisations give different reasons to justify their opposition to gay marriages in the United States. They believe that it is unnatural for individuals of the same gender to get married because the sanctity of marriage should be respected. Marriage is a union between a man and a woman with the aim of raising children. Religious organisations use biblical quotes to prove that gay marriages are morally wrong. The most familiar biblical argument that they use to argue against gay marriages is found in Leviticus 20:13, which says that it is a sin for a man to have a sexual relationship with another man (Nagile 10). Historically, marriage has played an important role in promoting human relationships. It involves the union of a man and a woman in order to support each other morally, emoti
Introduction Organizations working environment and competition are fundamental to the success of any business organization. These factors are instrumental in determining the market structure plus its forces which are very important in any result-oriented organization. This paper aims at bringing out GNLD as an organization that is characteristic of a proper business environment and competitive in its market. Recognizable objectives GNLD aims at empowering people to take responsibility for their Health, Self Improvement, and Financial Independence. To ensure that all product from the organization meets the highest level possible and meets the needs of the people throughout the world. To allow all people regardless of their experience or training to own their business. In the area of Health, we empower people with knowledge and scientifically proven products to maximize their potential for lifelong health. In the area of Self Improvement, we empower people with training, person-to-person support, and simple, time-proven tools that allow you to succeed by being yourself. In the area of Financial Independence, we empower people by providing the keys to controlling their income and quality of life. For the environment, GNLD is committed to the production of low-dose and low burden biodegradable products that are gentle to the environment. GNLD aims at supporting community programs that bring joy to the less fortunate people in society. Stakeholders in the organization The following are the main stakeholders in the business.   * Scientists   * The distributors   * The consumers The scientists The organization produces products that work backed by scientific research carried out by a team of scientists. The ability of the products to meet the needs of the consumers is based on intensive research done by scientists. The quality of the products produced is dependent on the efforts of the scientists.GNLD has a team of scientists who work towards quality products that work and meet the needs of consumers all over the world. The Distributors These are the product movers in this business. They are the ones who go out and reach for the consumers to convince and train them on how the products can transform their lives. Without the work of the distributors, the products cannot reach the consumers, especially with the adopted networ
Introduction: Into the Background Sometimes the ways of history can surprise even the most sophisticated connoisseurs. At the first glance, there can be little to no similarities between Ho Chi Minh, an early XX century political leader of Vietnam, and Deng Xiaoping, the General Secretary of China (Goodman, 1995). However, despite the gap in time and space, the two share certain similar features in their political approaches and leadership portraits. Comparing and Contrasting the Leadership Style Like most leaders, Ho Chi Minh and Deng Xiaoping share certain features of their leadership style. However, there are certain differences between the strategies which they chose, as well. Analyzing their key assets, one can possibly see the specifics of both leaders. Hence, it is clear that, unlike Ho Chi Minh, Deng Xiaoping tried to revolutionize the country and the traditional political approach, while the former put an emphasis on the traditional values. Comparing and Contrasting the Negotiation Style Analyzing the peculiarities of the negotiation style which Ho Chi Minh and Deng Xiaoping chose to rule their country, one can possibly draw certain parallels and see the similarities between the two leaders. Therefore, it can be concluded that there are little to no similarities between the ways in which Ho Chi Minh and Deng Xiaoping ruled their countries. Therefore, it is worth noting that Deng Xiaoping can be considered a milder political leader and a considerably less devoted Communist. In Search from the Machiavellian Traits: The Portrait of a Leader Despite the fact that the principles established by Machiavelli in his Prince even nowadays are considered the foundation stone of a good leader who is bound to bring the country to an ultimate success, the two Asian leaders seem to have succeeded without them. Ho Chi Minh, for instance, relied not on his iron grip, but on the patriotism cherished in the population of Vietnam, thus, relying rather on the power of patriotism than on his iron grip to keep the nation attached to the country and its interests. Therefore, it can be hardly considered that Machiavellian features were evident in this leader’s portrait. As Quinn-Judge (2003) emphasized, “Both stereotypes of Ho Chi Minh – Machiavellian apparatchik or national saint – have in my view become deadweights impending the search for the historical figure” (2). As for Deng Xiaoping, the lat
The socioeconomic profile of a country largely depends on the country’s level of economic growth. Other factors that help in accelerating a country’s economy growth include the existence of advanced technology and good infrastructure (Coppola, 2011). This paper compares and contrasts the demographic characteristics of Germany and Thailand. Germany’s population has been recording a declining trend since 2003. Currently, the population stands at 81.7 million. This trend is attributed to the increasing number of deaths compared to the number of new births. According to the Federal Statistic Office, this trend is expected to continue over the coming years. Hence, Germany’s population might reduce to about 65 million by the year 2060. It is worth to mention that the decline is likely to lead to a subsequent decline of the working population since most of the people who die are in their working ages. Due to the fact that the population is on a downward trend, the age structure is also experiencing major shifts. In the near future, the number of older persons against the total population is expected to rise. Currently, the population of young people who are below 20 years is almost the same with that of the group aged above 65 years. Each of these groups corresponds to approximately 20% of the overall population in Germany (Council of Europe, 2002). In Germany, the number of women in the working age bracket has continued to decrease over the years. The small percentage of women in employment is attributed to the continuous increase of females and other old workers and a reduction in the number of employment opportunities. The working population in Germany falls between 20 and 64 years and currently stands at 49.8 million. Out of this number, the number of women
Introduction Corporal punishment of preschoolers carries a high risk of teaching the children to use violence to resolve the crisis and it results in lasting damage to their physical and emotional development, therefore parents must seek alternate forms of disciplining their children. Despite the adoption of policies that prevent disciplining of children through corporal punishment in a number of countries like Norway, Sweden, Italy, Croatia, and Finland among others, there are indications that many children in the USA are spanked by their parents (94% of the parents) according to Straus and Stewart (1999), by the time they reach 3-4 years old. The debate has attracted controversy with some people showing its advantages and disadvantages. Whereas some professionals and psychologists argue that corporal punishment is effective, some differ from this view. Some of the indications that the activity is not effective and is harmful are according to the American Academy of Pediatrics (1998), and Straus (1994). Corporal punishment is defined by states such as Alaska, and Arizona as using reasonable force which should also be appropriate, moderate, necessary, and others such as New York and Texas view it as the use of force that is not deadly (Davidson, 1997). According to Straus (1994), it is the correcting or controlling of a child’s behavior through the use of physical force to inflict pain on the child. The differing definition may also be used to show the different conception and focus by different people for different types of analysis. According to Gershoff, laboratory research has shown positive results in making children comply immediately and on a short-term basis (Newsom, Flavell, & Rincover, 1983). The author views that most of the research in the area of immediate compliance and corporal punishment is not based on observations but on inquiry from the parents of what type of punishments used and the parents’ description on the children’s response as concerns immediate response, and then they relate the frequency of punishment to the told story (e.g., Lytton, 1977; Minton, Kagan, & Levine, 1971; Power & Chapieski, 1986). According to this author, corporal punishment that yields positive compliance in a time far from the time of punishment indicates internalization. The writer views that moral internalization can not result from corporal punishment since it does not involve communicating the effects of a child’s behavior on others, may make the child develop the disability of avoiding being caught, and doesn’t teach good-behaving in children (Hoffman, 1983; Grusec, 1983; Smetana, 1997). The writer is of the view that public policy and research be used to consider the possibility of corporal punishment resulting in physical abuse. He shows data indicating that of every 1000 children who are below 18 years of age, 13 h
Introduction It is doubtless that the success of any organization depends on a wide range of intertwined factors, which have the potential to propel an organization or make it crumble. One of these factors is leadership. In any organization, leadership is usually charged with the responsibility of giving direction and setting performance pace through formulation and execution of strategies. Through goals and objectives, leaders decide the best course for an organization to take for better results. Besides determining the performance pace, the leadership of an organization also adopts measures, which are at aimed at ensuring that the organization gains a competitive advantage within the business space. This is essential in counteracting the effect of competitors and adopting products and services that address the needs of customers and the market exhaustively. 1 There are several organizations, which have failed and declared bankrupt because of poor leadership. On the other hand, numerous companies around the world thrive because of effective leadership styles. These two phenomena determine the position on an organization. How then does the leadership of an organization determine its success or failure? Is leadership related to organizational performance? This research paper explores the role of leadership in maintaining aspects of an effective organization. To achieve this task, the research will analyze several key influences experienced, coupled with results, which are obtained based on management actions. Throughout this synthesis, Amazon.com will be considered as the reference organization in order to expound how leadership determines the success of an organization regardless of the existing conditions within the market. Authentic and up-to-date scholarly articles will be consulted as key reference materials. The paper is further divided into segments, which cover specific issues that surround the concept of effective organization and Amazon’s leadership. Organizational effectiveness and leadership Effectiveness in organizational management is essential in producing results. In most cases, effective organizations register higher market results compared to those that are ineffective in the running of their daily activities. 2 These findings have been documented around the world, with researchers concurring that organizational performance and effectiveness are highly connected. Like in any other set-up, leaders play a crucial role in determining the future of an organization. Oftentimes, the success or failure of an organization is linked to the management’s ability or inability to give necessary direction. While both men and women have the potential of leading organizations, certain traits tend to cut across the leadership sphere, making successful ones to be quite distinct. For instance, they usually have vision, good communication skills and excellent judgment. These skills are essential in overcoming leadership challenges, emanating from a wide range of factors within the busin
Chapter 1 themes are the evolution of sports chaplaincy (SC) and the global scope of SC. The chapter is significant since SC has evolved regarding the globalization of religion and sporting events. The chapter encourages me to continue in this field because of the variations in sports due to globalization. Chapter 2 , significant themes include variations of sports chaplaincy on different geographical locations and settings, main historical concepts, and evolutions. This chapter is vital in developing the impact of denominational complexities on SC. The chapter is encouraging so that I can understand how diversity plays a role in sports. Chapters 3 and 4 major themes are characteristics of chaplaincy in the US, and cultural and institutional conditions influencing sports chaplaincy. The chapters are vital in elaborating the requirements in western cultures that influence sporting chaplaincy. The chapters motivated me to continue in this field since I understand the cultural impact on sports chaplaincy. Chapters 5 and 6 capture the complexities of the theme of sports chaplaincy, modern life, and fatherlessness in sports culture. The chapters are essential in elucidating the impact of sporting chaplaincy concerning family breakdown (Parker et al., 2016). The chapters are motivating due to the family factor introduced concerning the main topic. Chapters 7 and 8 address the themes of new social reality and chaplains’ responsibilities. The chapters significantly elaborate how chaplains help people by taking them on a personal journey to shape their personalities. The chapters are motivating because spirituality is crucial when taking a personal journey towards a target. In Chapters 9 and 10 themes include the impact of personal responsibility, true love from God, and theological responsibility in shaping the users’ goals. The chapters help in the conceptualization of sports concerning Christianity and understand the gospels’ role in sports. The chapters encourage me to continue in the field to understand the connection between the gospel and sporting cultures. Chapters 11 and 12 entail the impact of media on sports, ethical mentality, and professionalization of sports chaplaincy. The chapters are crucial in identifying challenges that sportspeople face and the roles of chaplains. The chapters are essential in developing morality and personality ideas from sports chaplaincy. Chapters 13, 14, and 15 discuss the theme of sports chaplaincy and sports psychologists. The chapters open a debate on how chaplains and psychologists in sports work together to achieve set targets. The chapters are motivative in developing collaborations sporting activities. Reference Parker, A., Watson, N. J., & White, J. B. (Eds.). (2016). Sports Chaplaincy: Trends, issues and debates . Routledge.
Introduction In the modern society, religious principles have a considerable impact on the ongoing debate regarding evolution and creationism. However, few scholars and analysts give no data as regards to the influence of religion on the debate. Studies show that religious approaches support the creationist perspective whereas non-religious approaches tend to support evolutionary perspective. It should be noted that the debate is even complex as opposed to how it is usually presented in simple terms. Some scholars support evolution yet they are religious whereas some non-religious individuals are of the view that everything was created in the world. The understanding of the debate demands an in-depth analysis of issues surrounding the two theories or schools of thoughts. The main aim of this article is to establish the influence of religion on the big debate that has always raised controversies among scholars and analysts. Creationism vs. Evolutionism: The Impacts of Religion The issue under contention in the ongoing debate between creationist scholars and evolutionist scholars is whether the earth and everything in it were created or they came about as result of countless cosmic accidents. Creationists believe that God created everything. This is the official standpoint of many religions meaning that religion is the major variable in the debate. Without religion, the debate could
There has to be a preventive strategy in every intervention procedure to avoid the occurrence of a disease (Straussner, 2012). I find the course of treatment in this intervention beneficial for the creation of the needed preventive measures. I have chosen CBT as my preferred intervention in this treatment. The treatment interventions suggested include attending a 12-step program that will be scheduled three times a week. This will be done until the client registers notable improvements. The client will also be required t meet with a social worker for personalized counseling social for the next six weeks. Medication management will be monitored through a once every month scheduled meeting with the psychiatrist. The client has several strengths, including the fact that she enjoys working out and running as part of physical activity to keep fit. She also enjoys a good relationship with her four children because she loves children. She used to work as a teacher before depression overwhelmed her. She indicated that she would like to return to teaching when the depression is under control. In this Biopsychosocial work, I have achieved several things. Through this social work experience, I understood my profession’s strengths, limitations, and areas where improvement is required. This has also helped me identify my strengths and weaknesses and places where I need to improve. I have realized that smokers smoke for varied reasons, but there is one common reason for all. They all have underlying psychological issues that they intend to suppress by getting high on the drug. During this fieldwork, I hoped to accomplish other goals, but it was difficult to do so with the limited kind of approach. I wanted to prove that drugs use, especially marijuana, increases the rate of crime. It is a widespread belief that drug-users are more prone to committing suicide than those who do not use drugs. This rationale has been used repeatedly to try to scare non-smokers from engaging in the use of marijuana. However, in my work, I was proven wrong when the Pt denied being involved in any legal issues or problems with the authorities (Straussner, 2012). I was also unable to verify that drug abuse has severe implications and damaging impacts on the abuser’s relationship with his or her family. Due to these assumptions and biases, the treatment process was shaped in a way that it addresses the wrong issues. To enhance the impact of the biasness of this treatment process, one has to give it the right approach. It is essential to approach the issue as a real problem and not as a particular case, which needs exaggerated attention. As a social worker, I have realized people are reluctant to respond to strangers. As a social worker, people view you as a minor health practitioner, and most of them doubt your ability to treat. This compromises