ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Overview Surgical technician is a part of the team in operating room, which consists of surgeons, circulating nurse, and anesthesiologist. Surgical technicians are also known as scrubs, and they assist in surgical procedures. They work under the authority and supervision of the operating room surgeon, unless the state law or healthcare facility states otherwise (American Dental Education Association 1). Roles   * Prepare surgical rooms for surgical procedures   * Equipment sterilization   * Ensure adequate supplies for surgery   * Prepare patients for operation   * Assist surgeons during surgical procedures After the surgical procedure, surgical technicians may assist with bandages, dressing of incision areas, transfer patients to recovery rooms, and provide supplies after the operation. The roles are generally hands-on and direct (Bureau of Labor Statistics 1). Working Conditions They typically work in healthcare facilities. In some instances, surgical technicians may work in outpatient departments or in surgeons’ office for outpatient surgery. The work is physically demanding, and it involves long hours of standing. Surgical technicians move patients and provide trays of medical supplies for procedures. The operating room exposes surgical technicians to hospital related infections, odors and unpleasant sights. The job can also be stressing (Xu 1). The job is full time. Besides, there are also night shifts, weekend and holiday jobs, as well as longer working hours than the standard eight hours. Academic Requirements Training can be acquired from various institutions, including colleges, universities, vocational schools, military and hospitals. A certificate program requires 12 months while 24 months are required for an associate degree. High school education or prerequisite courses on basic science and medical terminologies are required for entry. These courses mainly cover concepts in biology, medical terminology and pharmacology among other related disciplines. Surgical technicians also undergo training in patient care, sterilization methods, equipment use and infection control. Hands-on experience is attained through practical lessons in clinical settings. Regulations may differ from one state to another. There are “500 surgical technologist training programs accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs (CAAHEP) and the Accrediting Bureau of Health Education Schools (ABHES)” (Bureau of Labor Statistics 1). On-the-job training may also be available before graduating to first surgical technician assistant. Important Qualities Preferred individuals for the career should possess the following qualities: detail oriented, dexterity, integrity, physical stamina and stress management skills. Licenses, Certifications, and Registrations Certification is imperative for getting a job in the industry as a surgical technician. Certification is earned through three main credentialing bodies. First,
In this essay, we will determine what media design is, give the definition to multimedia, establish the fundamental premises of the terms and present the examples of interactive and non-interactive multimedia design. Moreover, we will observe the areas of utilizing the multimedia design and producing and developing multimedia type products. Moreover, we will think about the assets of multimedia design in the United Arab Emirates and present the examples of multimedia design products. The basics of multimedia design Media design appears to be a creation of a fundamentally new medium of communication. The media environment is multi-disciplinary and variable by the means of its promotion. As a result, the profile of media design includes web design, art design, land design and television design. The flexibility of the current media space provides an opportunity for applying the most recent approaches and mechanisms for the formation of renewed media of communication and cooperation, which can create reverberation among the population. Current media industry consists of various conventional components. Its channels include television, radio, newspapers, magazines, books, movies, and music. However, with the advancement of new technologies, the Commerce has extended and now also contains the Internet, video and computer games, mobile devices, and smartphones. The media design is distinguished by a great degree of interactivity. Specialists in the area of media design are able to devise and advance design in any aspect: the development of concepts for the creation of media design; organization befitting for this communication medium; creation of image effects when dealing with advertising; working with the media, audio, visual and printed products. Multimedia design is the craft of combining diversified models of media. Most frequently, it finds application in video games, web pages, CD-ROM and various others applications, usually in the interactive pattern. However, sometimes the multimedia design is used in the non-interactive form, such as by the multimedia specialists in the TV and World Wide Web. A lot of disparate assortments of media and its methods are involved in manufacturing. Multimedia specialists are proficient in handling pictures and materials that are taken from a wide range of origins, such as audio, video, pictures, animated images, documents, wordings, music and even automated materials by the means of utilizing assorted abacus applications and other relevant audio and video modes that are connected to multimedia design. Interactive and non-interactive multimedia designs could be compared by several criteria that will be listed below. Interactive multimedia design “includes work on kio
The discussion of the Sub-Saharan African economies remains to be underrepresented in the financial literature because of the lack of research in the field. In their article “Foreign Exchange Risk Exposure of Listed Companies in Ghana”, Salifu, Osei, and Adjasi attempted to cover the gap in the research area and found that firms in Ghana demonstrated significant exposure to foreign exchange risks with the focus on the US dollar and the UK pound sterling exchange rates (Salifu, Osei, and Adjasi 380). Although the researchers provided an effective and supported discussion of the situation in the financial sector of Ghana, more attention should be paid to stating how it is possible to shore up the researchers’ findings and conclusions with further study in the field. The situation in the Sub-Saharan African countries is actively discussed because of wide investment opportunities, and it is necessary to examine all possible risks significant for the financial sector and markets in these countries. Salifu, Osei, and Adjasi focus on changes in the exchange rates as important for managing firms in Africa. Still, the additional study of effective techniques to overcome the risks in the developing African economies is necessary because even the researchers note that the methods used in developed countries cannot be effectively implemented in the African countries (Salifu, Osei, and Adjasi 390). The researchers focused only on a limited number of firms, and it is impossible to receive a broad discussion of the role of foreign exchange risks in the African countries and analyse certain exposure minimisation techniques and methods used by companies. Thus, more research in the field is important to discuss the African firms’ successes in overcoming exchange rate movements in the context of macroeconomic influences. Works Cited Salifu, Zubeiru, Kofi Osei, and Charles Adjasi. “Foreign Exchange Risk Exposure of Listed Companies in Ghana”. The Journal of Risk Finance 8.4 (2007): 380-393. Print.
It goes without saying that multiple factors determine health through grocery purchasing. Among them, income and lifestyle were identified – both of them impact the quality of purchased products. Thus, families with low-income prefer cheaper canned vegetables instead of fresh ones due to limited budget. In addition, people who live a healthy lifestyle or training for particular sports achievement are forced to choose more organic, thus, more expensive products. As a matter of fact, there is a group of factors that may additionally impact purchasing behavior and the consumption of food that determine physical well-being. According to U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, social determinants of health include economic stability, education, health care access, environment, and community context (Healthy People 2030, n.d.). On the basis of this list, it is possible to assume that the level of education may also influence grocery purchasing. For instance, a person who has knowledge related to nutrition and is aware of the negative impact of snacks, sugar, and canned food on health, will undertake all efforts to avoid these products regardless of his socioeconomic status. In addition, racial inequities and discrimination also impact grocery shopping. According to experts, Black Americans has limited to access to supermarkets due to its concentration in white neighborhood supported by racial segregation (Meyersohn, 2020). Moreover, healthy products are less available for them as well, however, there are other factors involved in this situation. For instance, due to structural racism, Blacks have less opportunities to receive good education and good job with good income – as a result, their financial state cannot afford the purchasing of organic products. Finally, individual habits also play a role in consumer behavior – in other words, people make their choice in favor or against healthy food on the basis of preferences that are not determined by external factors.
Biological Theories Jeremy’s presenting symptoms that meet the DSM-V criteria for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) (Slee et al., 2019). According to its etiology, higher DNA methylation of corticotropin-releasing factor increases GAD risk and severity as do reduced “resting-state functional connectivity between the amygdala and prefrontal cortex” and overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system due to stimuli (Slee et al., 2019, p. 771). Thus, epigenetic mechanisms, limbic structures, and hypervigilance cause GAD. Best Theory The evidence from genetics, neurobiology, and psychophysiology implicates neurobiological factors in GAD development. Affected serotonin neurotransmission is associated with heightened feelings of worry and fear even in the absence of a threat (Slee et al., 2019). Thus, the neurobiological theory offers the best explanation for GAD etiology. The physiological states and behavioral components seen in GAD patients result from neurological differences between anxious and non-anxious cohorts. Pharmacological Treatments Antidepressants from different classes are indicated as first-line therapy for GAD. According to Slee et al. (2019), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as Lexapro, are effective medications for treating anxiety. Another class of anti-anxiety drugs, benzodiazepines, are used in GAD treatment when administered orally or parenterally. However, the risk of dependency is high with these medications; hence, they are not used as a first-line treatment. Mechanism of Action SSRIs target serotonergic neurons that occur in cortical and limbic areas. Their binding to the serotonin transporter (receptors) prevents the reuptake of neurotransmitters by the presynaptic neuron (Slee et al., 2019). Therefore, serotonin is not reabsorbed sooner but rather accumulates, inducing anxiolytic effects. In contrast, benzodiazepines target gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors that are excited in an anxious state to induce anti-anxiety effects in GAD patients. Possible Side Effects Jitteriness, nausea, and migraines are common adverse effects of SSRIs. Patients treated with these drugs may also experience restlessness, low energy, poor appetite, and sexual dysfunction (Slee et al., 2019). They may manifest many behavioral symptoms such as confusion and agitation, drowsiness, and hallucinations. On the other hand, the adverse effects associated with benzodiazepine treatment include fatigue, vertigo, slow reaction time, and impaired cognitive functioning. Interactions and Contraindications SSRIs interact with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) and blood thinners, reducing their effectiveness. Their interaction also increases the risk of bleeding in users. SSRIs are contraindicated in bipolar disorder, hemophilia, diabetes, and epilepsy (Slee et al., 2019). On the other hand, benzodiazepines are not suitable for patients with sleep apnea, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and bronchitis. These medications mostly interact with phenothiazines, antidepressants, and barbiturates.
Introduction Proportions and probabilities are instrumental approaches in the analysis of statistics generated from criminal justice and criminology practice. During this evaluation process, probabilities are applied in scenarios of uncertainty, whereas proportions are used in situations where the outcome is certain (Gau, 2018). Empirical values and theoretical predictions play a critical role in the interpretation of criminology-related statistics. For instance, empirical values arise from known and observable events or features, whereas theoretical predictions are generated from logical conclusions about a particular event’s outcome (Gau, 2018). Binomial presentation of data is a strategic approach in statistical criminology whereby the probability analysis regarding two possible sets of effects is performed (Gau, 2018). Normal distribution of data in crime-based statics refers to the presentation of data based on the inclination to the given distribution’s mean value. Major Arguments The author posits that the element of probability originates from the possibility that a given event shall happen in the stated circumstance (inferential-statistical approach). Gau (2018) further argues that the sum of a probability results in the value of 1.0. For instance, if a coin is tossed in the air, the probability of a tail result is (1/2), and that of a head result is (1/2); hence the summation is 1.0 (Gau, 2018). Another fundamental argument made by Gau (20180 is that there are two principal forms of data distribution in criminology statistics: standard (normal) and binomial. Binomial presentation applies to dichotomous (binary) variables that bear two probable outcomes. On the other hand, the standard (normal) distribution method is suitable for continuous data sets that obey the normal curve pattern- associated with the z-scores (Gau, 2018). The author also contends that in the normal and binary patterns, the fundamental element is the theoretical- premises for mathematical and logical assumptions (Gau, 2018). Ultimately, he asserts that empirical distributions assume the abstract form; they can be analyzed and manipulated and are tangible. Critique The author should have considered sharing some in-depth information regarding the underlying relationship between the subject’s background and criminal justice and criminology. The citation of practical examples (based on sta
While the main theme of a science-fiction story Bloodchild by Octavia Butler is frequently interpreted as slavery, the author insists that the main theme of this story is the obligation to pay the rent. However, the interpretations of slavery and obligation to pay the rent are not mutually exclusive, because the obligation to pay the rent forces humans to become slaves and have to provide their bodies for incubating the Tlics’ eggs. Though the events depicted in this dystopian story unfold on an alien planet inhabited by insect hosts, the reality depicted by Butler has a partial resemblance to modern life. Aside from the sci-fi elements of the plot, including the male humans incubating the eggs, huge insects with numerous limbs ruling the planet, and others, the relationships between the characters, their daily problems, values, and lifestyles are similar to those of modern people. In that regard, the pattern of narration chosen by the author can be defined as a symbolic representation of present-day society. For example, a mother sacrifices her portion of eggs (which are used as drugs and medicine) so that her children could have more. The mother asks the main protagonist to treat the governmental official honorably which is common in the real world. One more important symbol is the representation of political life on the dystopian planet. Political parties are attempting to violate or protect the rights of humans. At the same time, even the most powerful insects have to take into consideration the positions of people because Tlics depend upon humans depend upon the human race in terms of survival of their species. The same goes for real-life politicians who depend upon their potential voters and can use citizens’ interests for planning their manipulations. Despite this mutual dependence, humans have to pay the rent for living on the alien planet. Surely, the obligation to give one of the children for incubating the eggs is an extreme form of payment, but it symbolically represents the state of affairs inside the housing sector. Those citizens, who pay the rent monthly, can be compared to slaves because they are afraid of changing anything in their lives. The author’s interpretation of the main theme of Bloodchild as an obligation to pay the rent can be explained with the specifics of social realities in the modern world. Whereas slavery was abolished at the end of the nineteenth century, humanity invented a variety of modern alternatives that bear different names but have similar outcomes. Notably, Tlics choose male humans for incubating their eggs because they want females to give birth to human babies. However, this decision has nothing in common with caring for the human race because Tlics care only for the future of their species and view humans as instruments for achieving their own goals. Thus, the modern illusion of freedom and the situation depicted in the story under analysis are explained with the need to pay the rent but have much in common with the traditional understanding of the concept of slavery. Octavia Butler who interprets the main theme of her science-fiction story Bloodchild as the need to pay the rent
Introduction There has been a continuous rise in the global fuel prices and especially at this times when there is unrest in oil producing countries. Fuel is arguably one of the prime movers of economy of any country and as such its price always has an impact on the way we live in the society. Fuel price increase affects us in many different ways either directly or indirectly. I will discuss some observations I have made on increased fuel prices on our local community. Effects of rising fuel prices on our local community One of the most significant effects of fuel price is the increased transport cost as Enzo reports on effects of fuel price. I have noticed that this has really discouraged travel and businesses in out community that heavily depends on transportation due to the rising transport costs. We have to accumulate issues that necessitate movement and move when it is absolutely necessary. My neighbor used to operate a fleet of taxi cabs but he shifted to other businesses claiming that due to high fuel prices taxi fares increase forcing many potential customers to use the cheaper public means alternative (Enzo, 2007). I agree with a report by Enzo that due to inflation which is usually attributed to rise in fuel prices job opportunities decreases as industries cut on costs, cost of living has sky rocketed and I believe this could be the reason why we have many idle youths in our neighborhood some who involve in criminal activities. As companies and industries try to cut on fuel costs employee privileges such as company transport are usually withdrawn. The bus belonging to a freight Company used to be a common site every morning as we boarded our school bus but I never see it any more and the employees usually use personal commuting means (Enzo, 2007). As people strive to cut on fuel usage life privileges such as driving personal cars is usually foregone. It’s a common phenomenon to walk on the streets of residential areas and find so many homes with cars that are rarely used. I have observed that cars are usually used on weekends but people prefer using public means during weekdays. Fuel guzzlers have now been preserved for the few rich. Those in the middle class level have to buy cars which are believed to be fuel efficient to save on fuel. Due to high fuel prices people often result to cheaper alternatives of energy. It is hard to walk in the neighborhood without noticing the rising number of businesses dealing with alternative energy fuel such as charcoal. Such alternatives are usually not the best since they are either at the e
The provision of healthcare services for people with obesity is a critical task, and its performance should be based on the considerations of one’s culture, which can potentially affect the outcomes of interventions. In the case of the suggested practices, which are patient education, lifestyle modifications, and adherence to medications, the need for meeting cultural needs correlates with the requirement of paying attention to their personal characteristics. For example, from this perspective, planning care for children will not be similar to the initiatives developed for adults (Messiah et al., 2017). This fact should be considered in the first place, while the considerations of age should be complemented by patients’ backgrounds. The intention of healthcare providers to eliminate the risks of cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes, and cancer in patients with obesity should be guided by cultural specificities since they determine the results. For instance, the neglect of social connectedness, holistic health, spiritual beliefs, historical trauma, and eating patterns of indigenous populations will indicate the impossibility of increasing these people’s awareness regarding medical needs (Bell et al., 2017). In this case, their education will be complicated, and lifestyle modifications will not be accepted. In turn, the absence of culturally relevant interventions for Hispanic patients with obesity might lead to non-adherence to medications. It means that the interests of individuals significantly depend on their culture and should be addressed accordingly (Tamayo et al., 2021). However, to successfully introduce any kind of change in this respect, a health practitioner should possess specific strengths and eliminate weaknesses. In my case, the former is reflected by the willingness to learn about cultures, whereas the latter is the stress from the need to apply an individualized approach, which is time-consuming and, therefore, frequently neglected. Thus, the identified gaps in skills should be addressed to ensure compliance with the cultural needs of patients.