ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
POS software Overview Point of sale software is a finance tool (Stahlberg & Mailla, 2010). It is used in the acquisition of solutions as well as services and products. POS procedural approach does not correspond to the actual nature of proceedings but the end, i.e. the service is all the same. This type of financial transaction is more efficient in terms of the works involved and this places it a notch higher concerning other cash registrations (Stahlberg & Mailla, 2010). In every business transaction, there must be prior activities resulting in a buy. Such includes the service consumer making an order, which must be processed. He must do the actual buy and his card he is using to make purchases must be verified. After the purchase, the service render must administer the stock Stahlberg & Mailla, 2010). With POS, this makes work easier. For instance, when customers purchase items and present them at the payment counter, the POS underlying procedural system will be executed (Tyson, Wempen & Prague, 2007). This happens due to the presence of aspects of product expenses that lead to aggregate pricing. When this has been executed, a fiscal receipt from the POS device is issued. This receipt will comprehensively show the prices of the products bought as well as the expenses resulting from the sale of that product. This will be in terms of taxes charged on the product, and the discounts incorporated (Stahlberg & Mailla, 2010). History of POS software IBM was the pioneer of store systems. This followed as they announced the 3660 store system in the year 1973. During this particular year, there was the introduction of cash registers whose functionality was computer dependent. These included the IBM Sore System and NCR 2150, which was particularly designed to suit a controlling store system, and this would control 128 IBM 3653 as well as 3663 POS registers. As such, it was the very beginning of business-related usage of internetworking (Tyson, Wempen & Prague, 2007). It was still during this year that a barcode reader was innovated and it was known as UPC. In the year 1974 around July, an IBM store system (3653) was incorporated at Pathmark stores and Dillard Department Stores, which were located in New Jersey (Tyson, Wempen & Prague, 2007). This IBM product was programmable and hence retailers became more innovative. It was Old Canal Café, which was situated in Syracuse in New York that pioneered in using the POS software (Tyson, Wempen & Prague, 2007). That was in the year 1979. Retailers to obtain customer orders upon entering the restaurant and a comprehensive were using this software in Apple II and preparation was printed in the restraints kitchen. The food would then be taken to the eating tables even before the customers reached the tables. This was made possible due to the incorporation of real labor and detailed reports on the food prices. (Tyson, Wempen & Prague, 2007) IBM produced another version called IBM 4683. This was an opportunity as the POS system was integrated into that system. From there, it became a computer technology-base
Introduction Available criminology scholarship demonstrates that La Cosa Nostra (LCN), also referred to as the mafia, the mob, the outfit, the office, and the family, was by any standards the most prominent criminal organization in the United States from the 1920s to 1990s (Finkenauer, 2007; Mallory, 2007). Although law enforcement agencies have in the recent past registered marked success in infiltrating LCN due to its organizational structure, it remains an influential organized criminal enterprise not only in the United States but also globally (Layman & Potter, 2007). This paper provides an assessment of LCN, explicitly focusing on the group’s historical orientation, national and multinational structure, operating techniques about the drugs business, as well as its business-related interests over time. Historical Analysis of LCN A historical examination of LCN shows that the organized criminal outfit was initiated by Sicilian immigrants in the United States in the early 1920s, with available documentary evidence demonstrating that most of these immigrants were Sicilian Mafioso who entered the country illegally. Charles “Lucky” Luciano is one of the notable Italian organized crime figures who came to the United States during this era and helped in structuring the LCN after the Sicilian Mafia (Mallory, 2007). However, it is essential to note that other Sicilian Mafioso, including Giuseppe Esposito, had successfully entered the United States during the late 1800s. American Mafia operations were heralded into the limelight with the October 15, 1890 murder of New Orleans Police Superintendent David Hennessey, though the criminal outfits continued to operate independently and evolved over the years under different names including Black Hand gangs, the Five Points Gang and the Al Capone’s Syndicate. By the end of the 1920s, two primary organized crime factions had emerged, leading to a war of organized criminal activities in major cities across the United States and subsequent murder of faction leader Joseph Masseria (Italian Organized Crime, 2014; Mallory, 2007). The violent killing of the faction leader in the 1920s brought an end to hostilities between the two groups and even facilitated they’re coming together to form a more lethal organized criminal group now popularly referred to as LCN. National & Multinational Structure About the Drug Business At the national level, the group is structured around the so-called families, each with a boss who controls the family makes executive decisions, maintains order, and maximizes profits for the family. Drawing on the hierarchical organizational structure, the underboss is the second in command and functions to collect information for the boss and ensure that
There is no doubt that high fashion, realized through luxury brands, gives customers not only a high-quality product that will keep its appearance for a long time but also a subtle sense of superiority and elegance. Thus, the consumer who buys clothes from luxury companies, as a rule, has a higher standard of living and stands out among the crowd qualitatively. The customer’s conviction of the uniqueness of the tailoring, created in their own hand in the best European workshops, is the driving force behind such emotions. However, even in the luxury class, many companies move their production to China, Vietnam, or India in order to save and optimize (Radu, 2019). Thus, the question of this study is an attempt to examine Hermès’ production technology. A French luxury goods manufacturer, Hermès is a globally recognizable brand with a unique history. In particular, the company began its existence as a supplier of goods for carriages and horseback riding (Roll, 2020). However, maintaining the tradition of producing high-quality leather goods, Hermès later began to focus on the sale of clothing, accessories, and expensive perfumes, attracting a large number of satisfied customers. Unlike competitors in the industry market, the company is not a conglomerate and did not own sub-brands, but instead, Hermès focuses on improving the quality and detailing of its products (Roll, 2020). The European luxury store’s current catalog is mostly leather goods and saddlery, but a not-insignificant portion of its revenue also comes from ready-to-wear, accessories, perfumes, textiles, and silks, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. Sections of the Hermès online catalog (“Whirlwind of color,” 2021). Brand recognition is guaranteed not only by the product itself but also by the method of packaging. For example, studies have shown that the box for the sold product is not only an essential component of transportation and storage of the material in order to preserve it carefully but also an effective marketing method to attract attention (“ The importance ,” 2020). It is not difficult to notice this when analyzing the current market: ma
Introduction A recent case study investigating worker performance in more than 1500 organizations showed that disorganized work practices accounted for close to 50% of an organization’s inefficiency (Business Case Studies, 2012, p. 1). This case study also revealed that in a year, an employee wasted about 98 working days because of inefficient organizational practices. Nationally, the case study also revealed that the United Kingdom (UK) reported the highest level of inefficiencies in their organizations. Employees also reported efficient performance in only 48% of their time. They wasted about 52% of their time in organizational inefficiencies (Business Case Studies, 2012, p. 1). The strongest reason identified for this inefficiency was the lack of proper systems for managing information and communication. The need to have an efficient platform for managing information and communication births the need to have an effective integrated information system (Lee, 2004). An integrated information system platform mainly aims to improve the level of organization within different companies. This platform also aims to help organizations achieve their key objectives. Since integrating information systems are ICT-centered, they handle larger quantities of information, have a high accuracy level, reduce the cost of organizational processes, and improve the quality of services offered to customers (Lee, 2004). Different organizations and institutions can therefore reap the benefits of adopting integrated information system technologies by controlling their operating costs and using multifunctional devices in an integrated manner (Ranjan, 2011). Broadly, societies also gain from embracing integrated information systems because they help people to be effective members of the society. This paper seeks to explain the dynamics surrounding the implementation of integrated information systems for different organizational processes. The paper also explores case studies where the adoption of integrated information systems occurred to show how this development improved their productivity and organizational efficiencies. Comprehensively, this paper shows that integrated information systems provide a holistic conceptualization of organizational activities to not only provide a generic and well-documented approach for undertaking business processes, but also to provide a powerful tool for effective business process modeling. Literature Review The increasingly competitive landscape of the business environment has forced many organizations to reconsider the best ways for improving their competitive edges. Naumann (2002) explains that an important strategy of improving an organization’s competitive edge is the adoption of integrated inform
Democracy has been variously described as the government of the people by the people. This is system of government governed through the contribution of the citizens directly or indirectly by political representation as opposed to a dictatorship or monarchial system which is governed singularly by an individual. In the classical theme of ancient Athenian society, it is the representation of the ‘will of the people’ and had to include the views of all citizens in the decision making matters. Democracy is therefore characterized by representation of the people or constituents in representative political form. John Adams a former United States president quipped that, ‘the only cure for democracy is more democracy’. However, there have been claims that contemporary political representation in modern democracies is eschewed and subject to manipulations hence diverting from the true tenets of democracy. This argument has led to participants and observers to comments that democracy is not the most effective way of ensuring political representation. Political participation is regarded as one of the pillars of democracy as it legitimizes the political leaders’ right to govern over the constituents. The main form of political representation is through political parties which prospective leaders join and use as a forum to entering the legislative assembly. This evolved from the initial ‘market-place’ democracies of ancient Greek as it became impossible to accommodate the whole population in debates due to the logistics involved and hence evolved to encompass representatives who were to stand for the wishes of the larger population. The representatives were assumed to be superior in judgment, knowledge and skill as compared to their more mundane constituents. John Stuart Mill termed this arrangement as, ‘‘the only government which can fully satisfy all the exigencies of the social state, is the one in which the whole population participate… But since all cannot in a community exceeding a small town participate personally in any but very minor portions of the public business, it follows that the ideal type of perfect government must be representative’’ (Dyson 350). The representative is elected by the people through secret ballots or in earlier methods acclamation whereby the person with a majority of votes is declared the winner and a legitimate representative. The elected officials converge in the constituent assembly and decide on policy also through voting of the proposed bills or laws that will govern the state or city. The elected officials of the political party with a majority of the officials form the governing party while the minority party or parties constitute an opposition to keep a check on any excesses by the government. This system of representation has led to the debate over whether constituent democracy is true democracy. The proponents of proportional representation which has been adopted over the last century, point out to it as the most democratic representative government. This is a representation which is dependent on the population of the actual electoral district hence election officials are a percentage of
Introduction A government’s attempt to resuscitate an ailing economy by pumping in money is usually described as an economic stimulus plan. The strategy can take various forms. For example, it could be through taxation cuts, reduction of the rates of interest on loans, and so on. This is the strategy whereby money not in use by business owners and consumers is utilized through the stimulus plan. A stimulus package usually targets placing a blockade under the recession. This opens the way for growing profits. On many occasions, economists have regarded cutting down interest rates charged by the Federal Reserve as the most efficient way of stimulating development and especially investments. Nonetheless, the economy could still witness a downfall despite efforts by the government to resuscitate it. This was the case in 2008 when the Federal Reserve was charging zero rates on loans. Likely success of the plan It is almost impossible if not impracticable to try a detailed analysis of a bill that is 1,041 pages and only a part of it has been made public. However, in broken strokes, the bills led to the approval of $787 billion for the stimulus package. 287 billion was set to cover for tax cuts, unemployment compensation, and possibly Medicaid got 191 billion and 311 billion dollars are to be spent on discretional effects like infrastructure which will include roads and health facilities (Turner 45). The income tax has been scaled down though. If the plan results in increased job opportunities then the plan will be
The name of the Proposed Business is the United Kingdom Sports Tour Operator, its activities and research would be identified and monitored through the analysis done in the following paper. Background A well-known fact is a relationship between Tourism and Sports in the United Kingdom. From having more than 80 world cups and providing a perfect location for low-budget tours, this region has become increasingly one of the most attractive tourists sites for any sporting event. The economic value of the event can be measured from the $1.5 billion per year economic earnings. The industry growth can be identified from the numerous tour operators’ and Tourism information centers which have opened up around the UK, about promoting and fostering sports and related events. If one was to further study the future opportunities, it can be seen that the Olympics which would be held in London would bring a suitable amount of revenue for this region and this industry. The fact that one of the largest sporting events would be held in London is an indication of the promise that this region has in terms of its facilities and sporting potential. The training places, sports stadiums, centers, grounds all hint at the attraction that this location has for the development of sports tourism in this region. Koreans are sports enthusiasts and Korea has been recently recognized as a region of budding athletes Korea has had the honor of becoming the first Asian nation to succeed in the FIFA world cup seven times; by opening its operations in London it would be able to capture some of a market that is steadily increasing in size and has great potential. The competitors can be regions such as the USA, Russia, and even China which all boast of excellent sporting facilities. Korea’s operators would directly face competition from other sports operators who would be operating and the main competition would come from the local and any international tour operators in the region. The major competition includes Burleigh travels, and Sports Options who all manage and organize major sporting events. The local operators would have firsthand knowledge about the local events taking place but the edge that the Korean operators would have been the common language factor, the ability to reach out more effectively to locals, etc. The marketing and selling options would include targeting the younger generation who are more focused on sporting events rather than on sightseeing and recreational activities. In order to have a successful marketing strategy, it would be important for them to target effectively and efficiently the right target population. The selling options would include accommodation, traveling, recreational services provision and lastly access to any training grounds. The above services would need to be created by analyzing the demand group, age group amongst some of the areas to focus on. Research has been done so far and information gathered The information that was gathered was done so after following extensive research regarding the different areas of the tourism, sports industry, and sport
Executive summary A Level 5 leader is described by their will to pursue greatness for their company and humility to give credit to others. A Level 5 leader has the ability of the initial levels of leadership. Will is described as the ability to make major decisions without wavering. Humility has been described as pursuing a company’s greater rather than individual greatness. Smith’s will is elaborated by his decision-making when Kimberly-Clark sold its paper mills. Smith meant that Kimberly-Clark had to beat rivalry in the consumer paper business. AutoZone and Apple are two companies whose CEOs assisted them to outperform the market during their tenure. A Level 5 leader builds the organization’s brand quietly through quality products, work standards, and profitability. Humility may not be acquired through learning but through personal experiences. Introduction A Level 5 leader is distinguished from the rest by their personal humility and unwavering resolution. A Level 5 leader has the ability to give credit to others for good performance and take the blame for poor performance. The strong will of a Level 5 leader can be seen through the difficult decisions they make when faced with a dilemma. They have the ability to make choices that will last for decades without the need for restructuring. In the story of Darwin Smith, he decided that Kimberly-Clark should sell its mills. It appeared shocking to most of the people at the moment. People were curious to know how a paper milling company would survive without its mills. Charles Cork Walgreen III moved his company out of the foodservice business at a time when they had 500 restaurants. The CEOs demonstrated unwavering will. William C. Rhodes III was appointed as the new CEO of AutoZone on March 14, 2005. AutoZone stock outperformed the market performance by 3.8: 1 between 2005 and 20
Introduction Migration is the movement of people from one place to another in search of education, jobs, investments, leisure or curiosity. State security refers to all issues that relate to human welfare and which can be affected by an increase in the number of foreign immigrants (Bryans 2009). This essay explores the relationship between migration and national security. Literature Review Immigration’s Impact on U.S. National Security and Foreign Policy by Kenneth J. Franzblau (U.S Commission on Immigration Reform). This paper explores the ways the state interacts with immigrants and evaluates their impacts on the citizens and welfare of a country. The paper notes that immigrants affect the state in terms of national security, foreign policy and immigration. It was produced by the U.S. Commission on Immigration and presented to the state for actions to be taken to amend or establish any policies that will ensure there are effective ways of handling immigrants. The author has noted that there is a close relationship between immigrants and these issues and this call for the need to evaluate the application of these policies in controlling the activities of immigrants in the United States. He notes that national security does not have a specific meaning due to the complexities involved in defining and grouping all issues that form this policy. He uses the theory advanced by Hans J.Morgentha to explain that state security is defined by logic and variables that determine the existence of peaceful, democratic and legal social, economic and political activities within a state. Even though, initial definitions of national security revolved around military interventions to restore law and order this has changed to include social, political and economic logistics that affect the activities of a country. This paper acknowledges the failure by many states to identify national security threats posed by immigrants since they have amplified security variables to necessities. This means that most immigrants have been unfairly treated due to the presumption that they are threats to national security. In addition, the author notes that the United States has contravened its constitution in many occasions since it has repeatedly failed to respect the provision that it should not trade or compromise the primary interest of the state. Even though, this author claims that the United States has failed to apply logic in its immigration and refugee policies it is important to explain that sometimes logic depends on variables to attain its legitimacy. For instance, immigration has social, political and economic issues that should be solved regardless of whether the policy concerned follows logic or variables. First, the American culture must always be respected, preserved and supported by foreigners and natives. However, an increase in immigrants means that this culture will be diluted regardless of the steps taken to promote it. Secondly, immigrants look for all kinds of jobs to allow them to survive the harsh economy in America. Therefore, they will sacrifice and do any work regardless of the amount they earn. This mean