ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The Health system that is currently in place in the emirate of Abu Dhabi has undergone several changes since 2007 for the purpose of overcoming some shortcomings and optimizing the system for better efficiency. As a result, the current health system employed in Abu Dhabi is designed and maintained carefully to preserve the effectiveness and quality of healthcare services provided in the area. Moreover, the reform of the health system that inflicted some significant changes was implemented to achieve several goals such as the improvement of service quality, the expansion of access to healthcare, and the increased affordability of the services (Koornneef, Robben, Seiari, & Al Siksek, 2012). Before the initiation of the reform, the professionals who are in charge of its implementation have carried out substantial and thorough research to provide the planned changes with a solid foundation and plan. The focus of this paper is a discussion of the effects of two elements of the ongoing health system reform with the help of specific examples of health system building blocks. Health System Reform Elements and Building Blocks The reform of the health system in Abu Dhabi is comprised of three major elements – enhanced competition between health service providers, centralized regulation, and mandatory health insurance (Koornneef et al., 2012). Using these three goals as the key elements for the improvement of the quality of health system, the Abu Dhabi health leaders aim at the establishment of a high level of excellence combined with positive patient experience, and a client-centered form of organization of service provision and allocation. At the same time, the World Health Organization (2017) outlined a list of building blocks of a successful health system. These blocks represent six core aspects that need to be properly organized for the creation of an effectively performing health system. The six building blocks named by the WHO are financing, leadership and governance, healthcare workforce, service delivery, health information systems, and access to essential medications and resources (Lazarus & France, 2014). From the list of these building blocks, it is possible to see that they represent all of the essential elements of health systems and as a result, their performance indicators can serve as a valid reflection of changes in health systems enforced with the help of reforms. Health Reform Effects in Service Delivery via Enhanced Competition The health system reform under review has created a wide range of positive impacts on the quality of care provided by healthcare service agencies and facilities in Abu Dhabi. In particular, since the initiation of the reform, the area has seen a significant increase in quantity and reach of service providing organizations. Specifically, it is reported that due to the expansion of the healthcare market the number of beds available for Abu Dhabi inpatients rose by as many as 21% within just a few years between 2009 and 20
Introduction In his theory of human motivation, Abraham Marslow (1943) classified human needs into five classes, which included physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization. In his motivation theory, he argued that the integrated wholeness of a person should always form the basis of the theory, with emphasis being on the fulfillment of one’s goals and objectives. Marslow further argued that human needs occur in hierarchical manner; meaning that the satisfaction of a particular need relies on satisfaction of another need, and new needs are created or whenever the old needs are satisfied. With man being a wanting animal, there is no time he will ever be satisfied and thus the motivation to satisfy the needs drives to behave and adopt character that can lead to conflicts with others. We can therefore argue that human needs are often described as the major factors that explain how human beings behave as well as how they interact with others. With all individuals having needs that require to be fulfilled, everybody strives towards satisfying those needs no matter the process. As a person tries to satisfy his or her needs, he or she may in the process conflict with the other and thus a need to understand how you can solve the conflict. In trying to define the source of conflict, experts have come up with theories that consider how the conflicts can be solved. One such theory is the Human Needs Theory. In his book, Deviance, Terrorism and War: The process of solving unsolved social and political problems (1979), Burton, while quoting Abraham Marslow conception of human growth through the satisfaction of the five basic human needs grouped under physiological, safety, love or belongingness, esteem and self actualization, argues that with the satisfaction of these five basic needs, conflicts would be solved very easily. According to Burton, rather than covering the five basic needs in Marslow’s concept, he reframed and modified the concept and stated that in order to solve the conflicts that continue harming humankind, the other needs most needed to be understood and be satisfied were those of identity, security, recognition, and personal development. He explained that absence of systems that emphasizes the need for an identity continues to be the primary cause of conflicts experienced everywhere in the world. The fact that conflicts will always arise as human beings try to satisfy their basic needs require a qualified resolver or negotiator to intervene. The person should be armed with high levels of communication competencies in order to solve the conflict because the ability to “complete the negotiations is a set of competencies to themselves” (Hudson, Grisham, Srinivasan& Moussa, p2, 2005). Solving a conflict through negotiation includes agreements, designs, or construction, which should tackle the problem effectively. Therefore, careful negotiation skills are always required to ensure the conflict is managed efficiently. The followi
Stig Jarle Hansen, in his article “Religion, Prestige, and Windows of Opportunity,” has raised an important question of peace-making in Qatar. Qatar is considered to be a certain conundrum, as the country does not possess a democratic system. It takes an abundant region, which has academic value; however, there are very few researchers that conduct studies about the policies of Qatar. The report indicates the necessity of studying the external and internal politics of this country on a global scale. For example, Qatar played an essential role in the expansion of the critical combats on the Middle East, including Islamic, Somali, and Afghan combats across the whole country. Moreover, the government of Qatar is attempting to negotiate in potentially dangerous areas such as Lebanon. The external policy of Qatar by diplomatic assistance was able to help in settling such conflicts as abductions in Yemen and securing the discharge of expropriated fishing vessels in Eritrea. Qatar appears to be a rather small country that has been altering its international policy towards prosperity and development. The international politics of the country is affected by its customs and traditions. Some would argue with this point of view; however; Qatar had been engaging itself in relations with Muslim countries almost exclusively. The research suggests that that phenomenon could be explained by Islam being a predominant component of Qatar’s integrity. Moreover, the paper clarifies the Qatari tribal monarchy, which is considered to be divided into four layers: rulers, movers, spacers, and tellers. The research includes several case studies, which are allowing making the experimental groundwork of the paper more coherent. They are positioned on field studies that were conducted for at least seven days in each observed country. The paper itself includes an opening to the topic of the research, one part that contains the case studies that recommend a hypothetical approach towards evaluating the international politics of Qatar, and a chapter with the case studies themselves. The primary discoveries that were conducted in the course of the study are mentioned in the conclusion part of the research. Works Cited Hansen, Stig Jarle. “Religion, Prestige and Windows of Opportunity? (Qatari Peace-Making And Foreign Policy Engagement).” Norwegian University of Life Sciences 48.1 (2013): 1-65. Print.
Theory and usefulness The skill area under consideration is listening. Theory on the subject reveals that listening may occur at various levels, starting from the least effective to the most effective. At the bottom of the pyramid is passive listening, which is a synonym for not listening. Usually, this level of listening occurs when the person feels that what the speaker has to say is unimportant. It takes no effort at all and may be detrimental to organisations with high levels of it. The next level is responsive listening, which is also called pretend listening. In such scenarios, persons will not care about what the speaker has to say but will pretend to listen in order to appease them. Usually, this process will involve nodding and the use of typical listening cues like ‘aha’ or ‘yes’. Eventually, such persons will not recall what was said. This type of listening is deceitful because it attempts to disguise a listener’s lack of interest in the conversation. Projective listening is the third worst form of listening; some experts like to call it biased listening. It is an approach in which a person already has a strong opinion about the topic under discussion and will project this opinion onto the speaker. The listener may hear what is being said but his biases may cause him to disregard the speaker’s words. This person is usually defensive and will not allow the speaker’s assertions to change his opinion about something. In close association with this type of listening is misunderstood listening. Sometimes a person may listen and even be open to suggestion. However, the listener’s interpretations could cause him or her to alter those words in order to fit into their version of the issue. Such individuals would not know that they are actually engaging in selective hearing as their mistake is not intentional. Nonetheless, it is still as dangerous as the other forms because a person would not truly understand a speaker’s feelings. Organisations with such kinds of managers will be confronted with unexpected departures or conflict since employees will feel misunderstood (Bentley, 2000). The next level is attentive listening for data alone. In this form of listening, a person concentrates only on the words that someone says and does not bother about the other aspects of communication like non verbal cues or intonation. Therefore, the person will hear what another person has to say but will fail to contextualise it. Such an approach to listening places greater emph
Abstract A budget is a tool that helps managers to ensure that the required resources are obtained and used effectively and efficiently as the organization moves towards the achievement of its objectives. A budget is stated in terms of money and is usually made for one year depending either on the prior years budget or on existing programs (Cleverly &Cameron,2007, P.1). Creating a working budget is a very difficult undertaking, and for the budget to be functional, an organization must stick to the budget very closely. No matter how closely a budget is followed, there will be variances. Organizations can expect such variances and be able to work such situations into budgetary constraints. This paper assesses certain situations in which budgeting, forecasting, and variance interact. Managing the Budget within the Forecast According to cleverly &Cameron, (2007), when management is done by very many different people, budgeting becomes so imperative. As a result, the organization needs to have a person in charge of finances who knows how to manage the money. Several strategies are very efficient in ensuring that this is achieved. The first is to forecast important budgets when a one-year budget is created, then the capacity to anticipate as operations grow or worsen allows time to react rather than acting under pressure. This tactic also drives an individual toward the establishment of effective monetary policy (Deschamps, 2004, p. 648). Good management needs policies that limit debt, govern balances, and minimum reserves. The second strategy is the budget should be able to recover many costs. This is important as a budget is a logical way through which organizations like health care industries among others a can control their costs(Cleverly &Cameron,2007). As much as a business usually has some very mandatory needs, whenever something is not so pertinent to the function of the business, this cost should be saved. In health care, the extra expense can be recovered by placing a cost on the essential services in the facility. The third strategy is that budgeting should reflect spending priority. The vital services and products that the organization or the business needs are often important to identify. These services and products should be given greater spending priority because they are a necessity (Deschamps, 2004, p. 649). The final strategy is the measure of the performance of the business output. This should be able to reflect the goals of the organization. It is important to benchmark the expenses on the services. Besides the expenses and other, fees, there should be other options that can bring in more revenue (Deschamps, 2004, p. 649). The diversity of th
Abstract Born in 1938, Robert Nozick was a great philosopher whose philosophical works gave a new face to many aspects of life and even life itself. Among the many writings of Nozick was The Examined Life , where he presents thoughts on life’s aspects like love. According to him, with its different forms and facets, love is that feeling in individuals for wanting to form a ‘we’. That is a bond that exists between different individuals. A keen study of The Examined Life reveals different forms of love as proposed by Nozick. These forms include romantic love, friendship and even sex. As a way of giving a brief preview into the dynamics of love as argued by this philosopher, it is worth mentioning that Nozick views romantic love as encompassing the ability to give up one’s autonomy and do everything for the sake of the other. This can be understood better within the premises of one lover living their life “because of the other” (Nozick, page 70). While having no problem with this argument and the general presentation of love and its facets, there are several aspects about love about life and reality that seem to have been bypassed by this great philosopher. These aspects can be unveiled upon a critical study of life, love and reality and the power vested within critical questioning. For instance, in light of autonomy that has to be given up by lovers, does reality accommodate this argument? Further, if romantic love is indeed about shared identity, from whose side does this search or desire for identity depart? As a way of providing a counterargument against the thoughts of this great philosopher on the subject of love, this essay will seek to find answers to such and other similar critical questions on this subject. Moreover, it will present thoughts about the ideal features of a minimal love candidate. Introduction The subject of love encircles the stay of man in this life and it is thus inevitable. Many writings on it have shown that it is a feeling of “oneness” and where i
Introduction Multicultural competency in nursing is a core concept when providing healthcare to patients with diverse cultures and ethnicity. It aids in the development and expansion of nurses’ roles by incorporating relevant social norms and values, particularly for a client. Because the nursing profession is versatile, caring for the sick entails not only the provision of treatment plans and care but also ensuring the ability to give the best medical competencies. This can be facilitated by demonstrating the cultural awareness of a patient using various clinical observations. In essence, it encompasses the knowledge of a client’s cultural diversity while offering treatments. Having someone in the care team who can closely relate to Alan is essential in underpinning the language and ethnic barriers, thus leading to the provision of appropriate strategies that address his needs. Role of Multicultural Competencies in Assessing and Treating Allan Multicultural competencies are necessary for a caring nurse to deliver the best health services to patients, resulting in high gratification for Alan. Notably, without cultural competencies, most healthcare systems run into losses and subsequently limit the services that they can offer to the patients. Therefore, multicultural competencies play such key roles as providing a strong background and knowledge of the culture to which a patient belongs. Without the nursing cultural competencies, there is the probability of nurses developing stereotypes toward patients who are not of their race. According to Farber et al. (2017), cultural stereotypes reduce the provision of patient-centered care. Therefore, through such competencies, the nurse can emphasize, associate more with Alan, and attend to his needs. Allan’s Needs as Related to Diversity Inpatient Rehabilitation One of the needs related to Alan in terms of diversity is providing inpatient rehabilitation with a culturally sensitive background. For instance, Alan’s substance abuse, the pain of the family financial issues, unemployment status, an
The engineering profession is an essential sector within the socio-economic structure in the operationalization of human activities. The experts uphold dynamic responsibilities based on the examination of the machinery and the safety for utilization. The specialists diagnose issues in a technological tool and practically modify them for better performance. However, the Engineering Council indicates profound initiatives that the individuals focus on while on duty. These facets include sustainability, risk, ethical principles, whistleblowing, and security (Engineering Council, 2021). Over the decades, different stakeholders integrated structures with computerizations for optimal output. Telemechanic and robotics significantly impact the living quotient among people because of the monitoring and repairing of electronics to render prime productivity. Risks in the Engineering Sector Economic growth and development intensified the business competence rendering a prominent effect on the quality of living. One of the consequences of engineering proficiency entails the advocacy for urbanization and proficient rural-urban migration. A significant percentage of the global population is relocating to cities and towns due to the accessibility of dynamic services and a decent lifestyle as a form of sustainability (Engineering Council, 2021). On the one hand, the movement fosters the necessity for transportation. On the other hand, the density of individuals within a region limits the importance of automobiles due to the ease in reachability. Distinct socio-economic values influence the consequential reserves and the exploitation marker. Technological advancement fostered the intensification in socio-economic practices across dynamic geographical zones. The transportation industry offers a proficient advantage towards the growth and development of a region, according to researchers, incorporating land use mix steered by computerization systems renders the ultimate solution relating to pollution and sustainable practices (Engineering Council, 2021). Air, land, and sea carriage vessels cause dynamic impacts on the environment that is relative to human activities. One of the aspects is the construction of the industries to manufacture the elements and the processing of fuel, such as petroleum. In this caliber, the trickle-down effect is the intensification of natural resource exploitation. Therefore, the integral ideology for developing the components facilitating traveling highly influences the value of the surroundings and the performance in the particular sector. Different stakeholders utilize the machinery for distinct roles hence boosting productivity. Apart from the construction of the industries
Introduction The Enron culture is to generate profits at all cost. The Enron officers falsified their financial statements to present a better picture of the company (Robinson 2008). This was the way Enron officers did things within the Enron premises. The profit-priority power culture literally broke the company’s corporate strategy’s ability to control and retain the company’s success condition. Based on the organisation’s underlines and its chronological financial transactions, Enron focused on making as much money as possible, by hook or by crook (Geuras 2005). The focus included violating the corporate social responsibility [greed] (Ghere 2005). The company’s profit-priority power culture caused the company’s downfall (Kotler 2008). Enron Culture The managers of Enron use the profit –priority culture to control what their line and staff personnel were thinking, valuing, and believing. Enron implemented the power culture as exemplified by Enron’s Skilling business transactions. Skilling felt that money was the prime mover (driving force and motivator) of the company’s assets, liabilities, stockholders’ equity, revenues, expenses, and profits (Williams 2008). The culture complemented the company’s rational managerial tools. Enron’s owner, Skilling, emphasized that the Enron strategic business plan is to generate financial gain, by hook or by crook (Still 1988). The tools included the of break even analysis, current ratio, quick ratio, debt to equity ratio, gross profit ratio, net profit ratio, inventory turnover, and receivables turnover on the false financial reports(Rutherford 2008). In this regard, the Enron employees must implement the profit-priority culture or resign from the Enron Company (Morgan 2003). However, there are subcultures within the major profit-priority culture. The Corporate social responsibility culture runs against the profit-priority culture because fraud is infused into the profit equations (Hughes 1998). To be successful, the company must have diverse themes or values implemented by all Enron line and staff personnel (Hartmann 2001). In the Enron Case, the line and staff adhered to only one culture –profit generation (Griffin 2009). Enron’s downfall is grounded on its fraudulent power culture. The strong leadership of Skilling was grounded on greed and fraud; the fraudulent decisions were based on political struggles and not on logical deduction (Davis 1999). Success To be successful, Enron should manage its profit-priority main culture in order to achieve organizational efficiency and effectiveness (Shaw 2008). The Enron culture was initiated by its founder, Skilling. The company hired matching employees that would embrace the fraudulent Enron culture with open arms and implement them to the letter (Helfert 2001). The Enron employees continued the ritual of falsifying financial reports (balance sheet, income statement, and statement of cash flows)