ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Evolution of technology and multimedia has contributed to the rapid changes in the advertisement industry. Every organization around the globe is seeking new media opportunities as an easier and effective way of reaching customers. New media advertisement is enabled by the radical changes registered in the information and communication technologies. New media advertisers use computer technology and other appliances to reach customers anytime, anywhere, and on diversified digital platforms such as mobile phones and Internet. The decline in effectiveness of radio, TV and print ads has prompted sales personnel’s to devise interactive advertisement methods. This essay demonstrates the effectiveness of new media advertisement in comparison to the traditional advertisement methods. It will as look at the interactive effect of the new media advert, limitation and the future possibilities in New Media advertisement. Evolution of New Media New media advertisement resulted from the internet-based revolution in communication. As people took to internet use, diversified platforms such as Blogs, video blogs, audio newscasts and social networks such as face book and twitter have emerged. Due to emergency of mentioned platforms, majority of people especially the youth spend most of their time in cyber space; the virtual world. Consequently, to attract such groups of customers, placing advertisements in the cyber space has become the order of the day. Adverts placed on social networks continue to be more effective in igniting discussions among peers (Tuten 52). As Tuten (77) points out, the significance of using virtual worlds such as My Space for reaching out to the youths and the kids increases every day. The adverts in new media are attractive because they allow interaction with and among the users as opposed to static adverts placed on TV and other traditional media forms. For Tuten (63), the virtual world plays an integral role in developing a unified world i.e. it is a major agent of globalization. New Media and the Global Market The ability of virtual communities to transcend geographical boundaries expands the scope of market reached by the new media advertisement. Since most organizations have international links or are multinationals, adopting new media advertisements break the regional barr
Introduction The history of art has evolved through the year with notable differences and classification of literature work. Though the times and society has changed and more the traditions and technology, it is amazing how works of the roman empire periods could bear same characteristics as works written our today’s post modernity era. It seems history is here with us as today’s artists draw inspirations from works of the 3 rd and 5 th century and use the same inspirations to address the ironies and follies of today’s life. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the extent to which writers can/ has drawn inspiration from historic writers given the evolvement of the society and technology. This historic comparison will major on a recent play by Grossmont College production ( Tata Twins) and the works by famous writers Plautus and Terrence especially The Menaechm brothers by Plautus. Similarities The plot of both works is based on a family breakup that makes two similar young children separate. Because of the family breakup, each of the children grow up with different personalities and character based on the surrounding in which they grow. Meanwhile, one of the guardians passes away and one of the twins is left with the responsibility of finding the other (Harris 1). Going to the location where the other twin resides, the errand twin causes commotion and confusion because of their likeness. No one can know who is who until the end of the play where the two appear on stage and people get to distinguish them. Evident from the plot is the similarity of the themes shared in these two pieces of literature. Though the two works are in different periods in literature, they have found a common ground to share themes. The very first motive that keeps reappearing is family. In both the family of the twins breaks for some reason causing the children to grow in different localities and under different guardians. One of the children’s life is shaped by the biological parent while the other seemingly by the society. Another similar theme is that of nature and physical pursuits. Macy and Menaechmus are presented as people who love to pursue fame. They both love fashion and are portrayed as lovers of clothes (Hodgman 98). Each of them presents himself to the public in the perfection on a classified appearance. The other aspect is that of their pursuit of natural affection. In Tata twins , Macy has a husband whom she cheats on while Menaechmus has a mistress. The writers use this to highlight the social situation of the successful in financial terms an aspect that has lead to the ruin of their sexual lives. This aspect is highlighted when we observe the behavior of Stefani and Soscicles. Thirdly, both pieces highlight the theme of social conflict (Hough 49). When Stefani travels to search for her sister, she finds herself being thought to be Macy. When people responded to her as they would to Macy, (they asked her in surprise “what are you wearing?”), she kept t
Introduction Globalization and technology have increased the pace of foreign direct investment (FDI) across the world. This paper will discuss FDI. Specifically, the paper will discuss the various forms of FDI and it will compare FDI and other forms of penetrating foreign markets such as exporting and licensing. Definition FDI is a scenario where a firm in a given country invests directly in an overseas country. Under FDI, a firm can set up a new entity in the overseas country, market its products there or engage in a merger or acquisition with an existing company in the foreign country. FDI may also take the form of lending money to an overseas company (Froot 15). Reasons why firms choose acquisition over Greenfield investments Greenfield investment is a scenario where a firm set-ups a new business in a foreign country while acquisition involves purchasing interest in an existing business in the foreign country. There are several reasons why firms choose acquisition over Greenfield investment. First, acquisitions are easier and faster to execute than Greenfield. The process of setting up a new production plant until it starts operations may take a long time. Besides, the firm may need to comply with a number of regulations. These difficulties make an acquisition a favorable option. Secondly, there are several risks that arise from Greenfield investment (Moran 38). For instance, the risk of project delay or collapse is higher under Greenfield investment than acquisition. Thirdly, improving the efficiency (by providing skills and capital) of an existing business is better than setting up a new business because an existing business is already several steps ahead of a new business. Finally, under acquisition a firm will acquire the customers of an existing business. This will enable the firm to start operations at a better level than under Greenfield investment where the company will need to attract new customers. Reasons why FDI occurs instead of exporting or licensing Despite the decline in the number of trade barriers over the years, FDI is still more popular than exporting or licensing. First, firms have reservations about protectionist laws that are likely to hinder export business. Secondly, implementation of democratic leadership by most countries creates a favorable environment for FDI rather than for the international trade. Thirdly, the governments of various countries have entered into bilateral investment agreements. Such agreements aim at encouraging and shielding investment between the countries. This promotes FDI as opposed to exporting or licensing. Finally, most companies strive to increase their presence in countries across the world. This can be achieved through FDI and not exporting or licensing. Reasons why FDIs are more profitable than the exporting or licensing Transportation costs and trade barriers are the major drawbacks of exporting. The transport cost increases the cost of production and reduces profitability while trade barriers limit the volume and
On the evening of March 25 th , 1911, many workers at the Triangle Waist Factory were preparing to end their working day when suddenly a fire began on the upper floors of the factory (ILR School Kheel Center). Because of inadequate fire escapes and locked doors, 146 factory workers, mostly young women and girls, perished in the blaze (ILR School Kheel Center). Left behind from this horrible event are a vast quantity of first hand accounts of the events that took place during and after the fire. There are many advantages and disadvantages to using primary sources as a means of accurately recounting historical events. The primary sources that provide the best means, however, of understanding the facts of an event are newspaper articles and photographs. There are a few advantages to having primary sources when it comes to understanding the impact of a historical event. One of these advantages comes from personal accounts of the event. For example, in anticipation of the fifty year anniversary of the fire, Leon Stein began interviewing women who had survived the fire and after one interview notes: “Mrs. Dworetz learned in this interview for the first time that there was a fire escape” (Leon Stein Interviews). He also interviewed another woman who stated in her interview that, “The Washington and Greene St. doors were always closed” (Leon Stein Interviews). From some of these testimonials, one can imagine the panic the women must have felt to be essentially trapped in a burning building. Without these interviews, it would be difficult for someone to imagine what went on inside the buildings. Another advantage of primary sources comes from the photographs taken during the fire and of the aftermath. There were several photographs taken of the factory after the fire and it is clear that the path for the women and other workers was blocked (ILR School Kheel Center). Also, photographs add a very human element to historical tragedies, as some of the photographs taken are of women who had jumped from the buildings in hopes of avoiding being burnt (ILR School Kheel Center). Newspaper articles should be the best source of primary information. For example, upon reading the articles printed the day of the fire, one can get a very clear picture of and the chaos that surrounded the events. The articles also point out flaws in the fire department equipment and the factory construction that lead to many more deaths (ILR School Kheel Center). While there are advantages to primary sources, it should be noted that there are also disadvantages to using them solely to understand historical events. While Stein interviewed survivors, he did so fifty years after the event had taken place. It is possible that, due to the event being so tragic, the survivors did remember exactly what had taken place, but it cannot be fully trusted as an accurate account of the event. It should not be assumed, however, that all these accounts are false or full of misinformation. Photographs can often also provide one with misinformation. They only capture a particular moment in time
Company Profile Warby Parker, founded in 2010, is an American based firm that deals in eyeglasses and sunglasses. Neil Blumenthal, Andrew Hunt, David Gilboa, and Jeffrey Raider founded the company and decided to have the company’s headquarters in New York (Warby Parker, 2013). The company sells its products through the internet and has a unique feature of a single physical store in the United States of America. As such, the company sells its products at relatively low prices compared to other companies dealing in the same products. This is possible due to the absence of overhead costs incurred through office rental fees. The choice of company name arose from a magazine produced by Beat Generation and authored by Jack Kerouac (Warby Parker, 2013). The four founders studied in Wharton business school and it is in Wharton that Warby Parker started through the Venture Inception Program sponsored by the school. The four partners got 2,500 US dollars from the program, which enabled them to launch the company in February 2010. Warby Parker appeared in Vogue.com and in GQ magazine in the same year. The company managed to solicit for funding to an excess of 2.5 million US dollars in May 2010 (Warby Parker, 2013). Later on, Warby Parker launched Series A and Series B through which the company netted a total of 49.5 million US dollars and received more finance of 4 million US dollars in February 2013 from American Express and Mickey Drexler. The company hopes to launch its first physical store in 2013 (Warby Parker, 2013). Warby Parker’s Charity Program and Products The company gives free eyeglasses to the needy through a program dubbed ‘buy a pair, give a pair’. This involves collaborating with and funding Vision Spring, a non-governmental organization that in turn sells to clients or organi
Bobsville’s municipal areas continue to be unsafe from a civilian standpoint, despite increased law enforcement efforts by local police officers. Burglaries, civil disturbances, vandalism, and traffic accidents continue to be the top threats to civic safety in Bobsville. The frequency of such incidents is several times a year, which is relatively high for a quiet city of no more than 9,500 people. The problem is particularly acute during local festivals and sporting events, during which natural civic chaos is created, and Bobsville’s instant population is temporarily increased by tourist influxes (Taylor et al., 2018). Accordingly, there is a need to develop a contingency plan in case employees encounter acts of theft or spontaneous popular uprising, as well as when caught in a traffic accident. Once threats to civil security occur, one of the functions of communication platforms becomes the dissemination and collection of quality information, allowing users to become self-aware of the extent of threats and to take specific preventive actions. A key message describing the threat to the user can then be disseminated through the website. This can be a pop-up box that immediately appears when the user visits the website. This box includes the date and time of the incident, what happened, and 1-2 suggestions on what individuals are recommended to do to ensure personal safety. Preventive messages should be distributed through social media platforms in advance of the most likely incident. For example, if a large number of thefts or a spontaneous fan uprising and mass brawl are expected at a sports festival, a social media posting would warn users to be vigilant, watch their belongings, and not be in places of maximum public gathering. In addition, if an incident has already occurred, critical messages through social media help follow safety protocols and guide users. Finally, it is also possible to broadcast key crisis information through traditional media channels. However, it should be understood that radio, TV, or newspapers are not as mobile as the smartphone, so it is more likely that the user will not use traditional media as a matter of routine. For those employees who do use these channels, key messages should include rules of preventive action to prevent incidents — a list of prohibited actions — and quick instructions in case an event occurs. For example, if a crowd of angry sports fans left the stadium and headed out to loot stores and use violence, key messages through traditional media include advice to avoid specific locations in the city. Thus, the following wording is used for different platforms: Website            “Warning. There is a popular uprising taking place in Bobsville on January 30. For personal safety, avoid downtown square and the stadium”; “Serious traffic accident occurred on the south side of the city. Check the casualty list.” Social Media       “To have the best experience attending the event, familiarize yourself with some personal safety rules…”; “A mass brawl is happening at the festival right now — if you find yourself there, follow the evacuation exit immediately.”   Tr
According to Schaffer (1993), the world’s soundscape is changing rapidly. The rationale is that human activities have brought in new sounds in the world’s soundscape. This implies that the acoustic environment has expanded. The contemporary world’s soundscape is characterized by new sounds that differ in terms of quality and tone from the past acoustic environment. Acoustic designers and ecologists emphasize that noise emanates from our tendency to ignore specific sounds (Traux, 2001). Sounds that people opt not to listen to have led to a global problem of noise pollution. Noise pollution is among many impacts that societies experience due to frequent interaction with their acoustic ecology. Schaffer (1993) argues that noise pollution predisposes global society to a risk of deafness unless governments and communities curb and control the problem. Although experts have embarked on studies that target specific aspects of world soundscape, new sounds affect communities in many ways. Schafer (1977) says that it is essential for people to understand various features of the soundscape, their effects on social welfare, and other aspects of acoustic design to device means of minimizing noise pollution. A major concern of soundscape analysts is the study of acoustic environment and design. Natural sounds, music, and other sounds produced by the environment constitute acoustic design. Schaffer (1993) articulates that background sounds that are present in an acoustic ecology reflect keynotes. This is a major feature of any acoustic ecology. In other words, Schaffer (1993) compares musical keynotes to background sounds in an acoustic environment. The rationale is that keynotes introduce and identify vital tonality of specific sound composition. According to soundscape analysts, a keynote is the reference point that every sound takes on its specific meaning (Truax, 2001). It is important to highlight that background sounds in an acoustic ecology do not nece
Introduction There is no doubt that the UAE’s suffers from an acute demographic imbalance given the evidence that statistics indicates that the locals have been outnumbered by foreigners. Statistics indicates that foreigners make up over 90% of the population, a trend projected to keep going up by time 1 . Consequently, this has raised several questions, such as security, culture, and identity globalization. This paper focuses on analyzing the implications of the United Arabs Emirates’ demographic imbalance on national security and national identity 2 . It has been argued that nationals suffer identity inferiority due to the imbalance. In addition, it has been acknowledged that foreigners play a leading role in developing the economy, providing workforce, and expertise, which are instrumental in the facilitation of region’s phenomenal infrastructural growth 3 . Nevertheless, an extreme dependency on foreign labor and migrant workers has resulted into a situation where the local minorities find themselves faced with criminal trends from a foreign lower class. Some of the threats to the state’s security today were nearly non-existent before the UAE, the oil rich nation as it is today. It is evident that there is existence of crime gangs that perpetuate murders and illegal white and blue collar deals every year. It is the richest in the Arab world because of the presence of natural resources, which is characterized by economic diversification projects and strategic approaches as demonstrated in the appendices. Typified by many natural resources, many people prefer to live in the UAE than other GCC countries. Moreover, the country is becoming a hub for drug smugglers and various imported criminal activities that jeopardize the nation’s security. Notably, the big population of foreign workers implies that they have considerable power in numbers. This results in an increase in insecurity. For instance, in 2006, there was a strike that had been organized by foreign taxi drivers, which turned into violent for the reason that they did not wish to pay penalties for traffic offenses 4 . Foreign constructors also staged violent demonstrations that caused a lot of destruction. The fact that they do not have loyalty to the host country makes the situation dangerous. Such actions have social and economic implications because the UAE is forced to conform to the laws and regulations of other countries. It is imperative to note that some of the immigrant workers forced the UAE government to provide them with conditions similar to those of their home country even when they are not recognized by local laws. Many researchers have argued that the best practical solution for government would be capitulating to the demands of foreign workers since it does not wish to lose its main source of labor. Despite the damages that are caused by the westerners, the government
Introduction The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANYNJ) is located between the New York harbor and the Hudson River and was established in 1921 to administer common harbor interests of both New York and New Jersey (Info Please para. 4). It covers almost 1500 square miles of both states with New York as the centre. PANYNY is mandated with the responsibility of undertaking any project that aims at promoting commerce, trade, and public good. The sources of revenue for PANYNJ include issuance of bonds, charging user fees and also rent collections. The services and infrastructure provided include: George Washington Bridge : This is a suspension bridge that connects Fort Lee, New Jersey and the northern part of Manhattan. It was initially known as Hudson River Bridge and can handle 106 million vehicles in a year, making it one of the busiest in the world. Holland tunnel : this tunnel was opened in 1927 and it has nine toll lanes that handle nearly 17 million vehicles. Holland tunnel connects Manhattan’s Canal and the 12 th and 14 th street found in Jersey. It was Clifford Holland who constructed the tunnel. Bayonne Bridge : This is the link between the Island of Staten and New Jersey. This bridge is unique in that it is built over ferry route connecting Port Richmond, New York and Bayonne, New Jersey. The city planners did think of Bayonne Bridge saving commuters from automobile traffic. The commuters came from the state Island-communities and used to work in Lower Manhattan. The bedroom communities came about with the construction of the Bridge. Goethals Bridge : this bridge was built to accommodate traffic of automobiles after the First World War. The bridge is among the bridges that join the New Jersey and New York. As a result of being easily accessible, it is the main connector of New York’s and Brooklyn’s dwellers. Lincoln Tunnel : This tunnel was built after Port Authority of New York and New Jersey had acquired Holland tunnels in 1930. Construction of this tunnel consumed massive quantities of iron and other materials. The port authority of New York and New Jersey is still maintaining and operating this tunnel while looking for ways to deal with congestion. Outer bridge crossing : This was opened to traffic in 1928 and is under the maintenance of Port Authority of NY and NJ. JFK International Airport : this particular airport is ranked first in terms of the capacity of its cargo center. Due to its expansion, the airport has close to four million squares of feet occupied with offices and warehouse. The space is set aside for cargo operating in New York and Jersey. This international airport is based on the Jamaican Bay along the Queens areas in the city of New York. JFK international airport accommodates long-haul international traffic. At least one thousand cargo companies are based at this airport. JFK international airport became the first international airport to use computerized cargo clearing