ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Prejudice is the main theme in the article “Causes of Prejudice” by Vincent Parrillo. According to Parrillo (Vincent 504), sociology and psychology are the main causes of prejudice. The plot of the article is divided into two main sections. The first one is prejudice in the psychology perspective, and the other one is the sociology perspective. The psychology perspective section focuses on four distinct areas, and they include self-justification, frustration, personality, and levels of prejudice (Vincent 505). The article elaborates on three levels of prejudice, which include emotional, action- orientation, and cognitive. It explains how they affect prejudiced behaviors. Vincent defines self-justification by stating that “it is denigrating a person or group to justify maltreatment of them” (Vincent 506). Vincent later addresses personality by defining it as the authoritarian development and aggression displacement as one becomes an adult. The prejudice segment is frustration, which entails scape-goating and relative deprivation. However, the sociology prejudice perspective, which makes the second part of the article, is explained in terms of economic competition and socialization. According to the author, socialization forms prejudice through culture, sub-culture, and attitudes and is transferred from one generation to another. On the other hand, economic competition brings prejudice through insecurity as a result of hostile behaviors. However, the author uses an educative tone to explain the root of prejudice in society. Racism is the main social behavior presented in Vincent’s work and is common in modern-day society (Lindsey 232). Racism is believing that some characteristics and abilities belong to people of a particular race. It, therefore, holds that some of the racial groups are superior compared to others. However, racism and discrimination form a powerful tool that promotes fear and hatred during economic downturns, issuance of services, conflict, and war. In America, civil society grouping like Blacks Lives Matter has become vocal on the issue (Falcon 218). Works Cited Falcon, Sylvanna M. “The Globalization of Ferguson: Pedagogical Matter about Racial Violence.” Feminist Studies 41.1 (2015): 218- 221. Print. Lindsey, Treva B. “Post- Ferguson: A “Herstorical” Approach to Black Violability.” Feminist Studies 41.1 (2015): 232- 237. Print. Parrillo, Vincent. “Causes of Prejudice.” Rereading America: Cultural Contexts for Critical Thinking and Writing . Ed. Colombo, Gary, Robert Cullen, and Bonnie Lisle. Boston, MA: Bedford/St. Martins, 2013. 504- 516. Print.
The part played by the culture of a medical nursing unit in increasing participation and spread the implementation of the unit’s innovation The culture of a medical nursing unit presents a complex and magnificent structure that impacts a lot in the conduct of nurses as they perform their duties. This culture increases the participation of nurses in healthcare practices. It assists much when it comes to spreading the implementation of the unit’s innovation in diverse ways. Nursing culture comprises history, rituals, routines, traditions, and stories, all underpinning various values and regulations (Berta & Baker, 2004, p. 95). The nursing profession is paramount in ensuring effective healthcare by planning, managing, coordinating, and implementing healthcare practices for all community members. Medical nursing units are responsible for providing high-quality patient care in medical institutions. When nurses understand the culture of their practices, they increase their participation in diverse activities in this profession. The developed cognitive style of decision-making aids in making quick and effective decisions in healthcare institutions. This culture also increases the willingness of nurses to report any errors that may occur while performing their duties. This leads to increased participation following the elimination of errors that result in many disruptions. Moreover, the culture of medical nursing units improves teamwork within the units that resulting in increased productivity due to active participation by all stakeholders. Through the effective organization of the culture of a medical nursing unit, nurses are able to realize their full potential by involving themselves in diverse medical activities, thus, seeking various opportunities for expansion and growth (Burns & Grove, 2009, p.34). As a result, the quality of outcomes, as well as patient care, increases. On the other hand, cultural elements such as values, beliefs, patterns, and normative practices including proper communication, developing healthy relationships, and proper coordination of health care aid in spreading the implementation of diverse innovations within the units. Empowering nurses to make all the necessary changes aids in achieving the desired outcomes through their unique innovations. How research and evidence influence the independent practice of APNs in some states Practices of ‘Advanced Practice Nursing (APNs)’ in many states face a lot of influence from works published and supported by national organizations and forums. Every year, the emergence of evidence from diverse researches conducted in the nursing field occurs influencing many policies implemented by decision-makers. Nurses involved in advanced practices are vital, as they provide specialized care to patients who have undergone highly sensitive and technical procedures (Tucker, 2003, p.6). Thus, influencing independent practices of APNs has a lot of impact in the delivery of advanced care in health institutions. Nursing research is paramou
Introduction The modern world is characterized by unprecedented levels of interaction between people of different nations and cultures. This phenomena has been promoted by globalization, which is a process typified by the immense integration of economies and cultures. As globalization has increased, the volume of international trade has risen with all nations in the world expanding their list of international trade partners. To promote fairness in international trade, various trade-governing bodies have been established to deal with trade rules among nations. One of the issues that these trade-governing bodies such as the World trade Organization (WTO) have had to deal with is subsidies. Most nations regard subsidies as important policy instruments for ensuring their economic well-being in a competitive world market. However, economists contend that subsidies lead to many negative results and adversely affect world trade. This paper will discuss the politics of subsidies and world trade so as to demonstrate that while subsidies have positive and negative impacts, pervasive subsidization is harmful to world trade. Definition of Subsidies The WTO defines a subsidy as “a financial contribution by a government or any public body within the territory of a Member” (Ryan, 2006, p. 126). Subsidies may be implemented when the government is involved in the direct transfer of such funds as grants or loans to an industry or when the government forgoes taxes that had already been accrued by an industry. Subsidization can also occur when the government provides goods or services that do are not necessary for the entire public but rather beneficial for specific industries. Ryan (2006) states that another way in which subsidies can exist is if a government reduces the price of a primary product with the aim of giving the country a greater share of the export. Whatever the form they take, subsidies represent assistance from the government to producers or distributors in specific industries. Need for Subsidies Subsidies are an important policy instrument in the international trade system. They provide individual governments with the means through which to pursue industrial development and ensure the livelihoods of their citizens. Subsidies help to prevent the decline of a
Introduction Accounting involves the study of how businesses keep track of their assets and income over a given period of time. Some of the activities that’s accountants engage themselves include financial statement, computation of efficiency gains and cost from advanced technologies, using Information systems to keep track of financial performance and active participation in strategizing acquisitions and merger. The main reason why I choose accounting as a career is the fact that I will have a greater chance of learning how businesses work. The field of accounting offer challenging and stimulating career as accountants spend most of their time scrutinizing businesses performances; hence they learn a lot about businesses. As an accountant, one stands better chances of becoming the Chief Financial Officer (CF0) given the fact that he or she has the best understanding of what bring business and profit to any given company. Nature of Work Accountants help in ensuring that business run more efficiently, taxes are paid properly and on time and that business records are kept accurately. They achieve their objective by carrying out the most fundamental task related to this field. This includes preparing, analyzing and verifying financial documents for their clients. There are four major fields of accounting; Public, management, government, and internal auditors. Public accountants serve clients ranging from corporations, NGOs, governments and the general public; performing a broad range of accounting activities like auditing, tax and consultation on important business issues. Many public Accountants are Certified Public Accountants (CPAs), having their own businesses or better still working for Public Accounting firms (Mark Hirschey). Management accountants work for specific companies, where they record and analyze financial information in addition to budgeting, cost management, evaluation of performance and asset management. Corporate Executives relies on Management accounts in making sound business decisions. Government accountants on the other hand examine and maintain records for government agencies and those businesses regulated by the government. Government accountants ensure that revenues received are used in accordance with laws and set regulations (Mark Hirschey). Working Conditions Most accountants work on typical 40 hours per week schedule, within a standard office setting. Self employed accountants generally work longer hours especially if they have many clients. Those accountants who specialize in tax return may have to work long hours during tax season. Government accountants may have to work away from their offices, especially when auditing government facilities. Accountants employed by Public Accounting firms may have to travel on a regular basis to perform their work at client’s premises. Self employed accountant may be able to do their work from the comfort of their home, given the current advance in technology. (Raphael Amit) Qualifications and Salary Most accounting positions require one to have at least a bachelor’s degree in Accounting, al
When it comes to the description of certain dishes, food history is often a neglected subject; however, historical and cultural context might provide useful insights on how and why the food is consumed at the present time. The current work is focused on coffee, one of the most prominent and popularized contemporary beverages. Throughout its history, the aforementioned drink has influenced political, cultural, social, and even religious aspects of humanity (Fregulia, 2019). The current work analyzes the historical context, explains the specifics of consumption and health implications of the beverage, and discusses how the cultural traditions of other countries have influenced the image of coffee in America. History and Cultural Significance It is essential to understand the history of the beverage to fully comprehend the cultural implications that coffee has at the present time. The origin of coffee is surrounded by a high number of myths; however, according to archeological research, the very first notices of coffee plants come from Ethiopia around the 5th century AD (Fregulia, 2019). At the time, the military kingdom of Ethiopia has invaded the territory, which is currently a part of Yemen, and has introduced coffee cultivation to the residents (Fregulia, 2019). Therefore, archeological research shows that coffee originated from the highlands of Ethiopia and Yemen; nevertheless, the beverage in its current form was first used centuries after. While some experts believe that the history of coffee as a drink commences in the late 16th century with the simultaneous introduction of coffee houses, this hypothesis is misleading. Fregulia (2019) suggests that this idea originated due to the western-centric approach to the beverage. Initially, though the exact year is unknown, coffee in its current form and coffee houses were also products of Eastern culture (Fregulia, 2019). Consequently, with the emergence of trade routes and the
Puzzles from Plato’s Work Plato’s philosophical work aims at distinguishing between observable things that appear beautiful and those that are beautiful. According to him, unified, big and equal things appear beautiful while truly beautiful things are characterized by features such as goodness, justice and unity. Plato argues that man should transform his values by understanding the forms and defects of the physical world. From his work, Plato advocates that man should recognize that the soul is different from the rest of the body and its functioning does not rely on the body. The soul is capable of controlling all forms of nature especially when not burdened with connection to physical things. From his work, we learn that the soul has the ability to remember what it once had even after being disembodied. The life that man lives is to an extent a reward or punishment resulting from choices made in the past. Although Plato’s propositions can be identified as the foundations of his philosophy, we can accurately say that few of his works can be taken in whole without question. This paper will discuss puzzles that are identifiable in Plato’s philosophical work. Discussion Plato uses dialogue to convey his message to the audience and readers. Although, this device is widely used in drama, Plato’s dialogue is quite different when compared to that of his philosophical colleagues. He uses dialogue to invoke primordial mythical realms such as the development of Euripides. His dialogues are characterized by philosophical discussions that convey his view of the world. One of his major interlocutors is Socrates and Plato uses him to justify his reasoning and view of the world. Plato, as seen in his philosophical work, never addresses his audience directly, but uses characters to convey his messages. He does this indirectly and this leads to the question of whether people can really understand Plato’s mind, since he never affirms anything that is said or done in the dialogues. It is easy to place a philosophical doctrine on his characters, but it is hard to place this on him. Questions on whether Plato really had philosophical convictions and if people can really tell what they were have arose. Research shows that if people attributed any of the philosophical views portrayed by his characters, then they would be violating his purpose of w
MoMa Ps1 Located in Long Island City, MoMa PS1 is, perhaps, the perfect place where one can get familiar with contemporary art in all of its controversial glory. Known for its propensity toward urbanization and renovation, the Long Island City is exactly where one would expect to find MoMa PS1. The local community is geared toward unceasing innovation, which is reflected in the artistic life as well. There is no place for ordinary in Long Island City; therefore, every single element must leave a mark that the audience will never forget. Kinetic Painting by Carolee Schneemann is, perhaps, the artwork that leaves the most lasting impact on its visitors. The art piece captures the very essence of motion, thus, allowing the author to blur the line between a still image and a movement. The result seems both disturbing and fascinating; it makes the viewer see human nature as a fractured entity, therefore, building the idea of the complexity thereof. Furthermore, the artist pushes the envelope of the concept of beauty, creating the image that seems both attractive and frightening, thus, leading each of the viewers into their own uncanny valley. The exhibition targets the audiences that seek an in-depth study of how the perception of a female body has changed over time and what shapes it currently takes. The specified approach toward representing the idea of beauty, in general, and the female body, in particular, seems quite legitimate seeing that Carolee Schneemann has been known as the pioneer in the study of subjectivity in art and especially in the cultural biases as the primary factors shaping the perception of women in media. Placing the viewer where the boundary between the norm and the deviation from the norm lies, Carolee Schneemann takes a rather basic image that could have been on the cover of a Cosmopolitan issue and makes it gain the tints of nearly sinister ideas. Therefore, the artwork that might seem as the representation of beauty, at first sight, turns out to contain a rather dark and brooding message within. The picture makes a rather lasting impression on the viewer by tricking them into exploring the current concept of femininity in the modern media, as well as the issues that are typically associated with gender and gender-based discrimination. The symbols used in the art piece are combined into what can be viewed as a cohesive narrative. The connotations that the picture of a shattered mirror contains are intertwined with the uncomfortably direct stare of the women in the picture, thus, creating a rather tense environment. However, at a second glance, the viewer notices that to make the art piece even more complex and creepy, the eyes reflected in the glass pieces stare in different directions as if building the suspense and creating the impression of being watched. Thus, the portrayal of the issues faced by women due to the current representation of femininity in media is performed masterfully. Making the audience linger between staring into the mesmerizing eyes of the model and turning their glance away, Carolee Schneemann managed to create the artwork that strikes with its directness and ambiguity at the
Introduction Since its inception, RONA has managed to dominate the Canadian Hardlines market by establishing a comprehensive distribution network. The stores operate under different formats and sizes. RONA focuses on nurturing a high level of flexibility and adapting its stores to the diverse customer needs. The firm witnessed remarkable growth from 2000 to 2006. One of the factors that enhanced the firm’s growth is the incorporation of a rapid expansion strategy. The firm’s sales revenue increased from $ 1,289 million to $ 4,552 million during this period, which represents a relatively high growth rate. Problem statement Despite its strong financial performance, RONA was affected adversely by the 2007 recession. First, the firm experienced a decline in the rate of growth in some of its Canadian markets such as the western region, which was occasioned by a decline in the consumers’ purchasing power. The level of consumer spending on home improvement declined considerably. Furthermore, the firm’s performance exacerbated after the decline in demand within the automobile industry. The prevailing market trends also presented a major challenge in the firm’s survival. Consumers were increasingly focusing on the service level provided rather than the store format or size. Moreover, consumers were becoming environmental conscious in an effort to minimize the occurrence of climate change. In a bid to survive in an environment characterized by a high rate of climate change, RONA was required to adjust its operations to align with the changing consumer behaviors. One of the strategies that the firm had to implement entailed integrating the concept of sustainable development. In addition to the above challenges, the industry experienced a high rate of technological change. Therefore, its ability to achieve competitive advantage amidst the challenges faced depended on the extent to which it adjusted its operational processes. Analysis Organizations are exposed to different challenges emanating from the macro and microenvironments. Examples of such challenges arise from market changes such as increase in the intensity of competition and change in consumer purchasing behavior. The challenges might affect the competitiveness of a firm adversely if effective strategies are not implemented. It is imperative for organizational leaders to develop a comprehensive understanding of the internal and external business environments. Gaining such insight forms a strong foundation in organizations’ effort to deal with external and internal changes. This can be achieved be achieved by integrating different internal and external market analysis models. Below is an analysis of RONA’s internal and external environments. External analysis The level of competition in a particular industry is subject to the changes in the competitive environment. Conducting a structural analysis of a firm’s industry is an important source of insight to organizational managers in
Summary It is puzzling that monozygotic twins who originate from a single egg and share similar appearances often grow to depict slight differences irrespective of the genes showing a considerable genetic component. The idea of epigenetics can better elucidate this conundrum. Epigenetics refers to the study of how cells regulate gene functions and activities without altering the essential sequence of DNA (Hanson & Hotaling, 2020). The model helps in understanding how variations linked to DNA control how genes are switched off or on. These modifications are anchored in DNA and do not transform the building blocks of this hereditary material. The PBS video provides insightful discussion about this perplexing notion by offering a detailed explanation of identical twins and the commencement of diseases. The documentary shows that epigenetic variations mark as consistent and natural happening but can be impacted by other elements such as environment, age, disease state, and lifestyle. Epigenetic changes often occur through cell regeneration into brain cells, liver cells, or skin cells. Through this process, the cell adjustments can result in more harmful ramifications, such as the commencement of diseases like cancer and even other conditions such as obesity (Hanson & Hotaling, 2020). The movie also reveals three common systems that are linked to gene silencing and are highly regarded in the start and sustaining of epigenetic changes. The three entail non-coding RNA, histone modification, and DNA methylation. Epigenetics Article In their article, Hanson and Hotaling (2020) clarify how epigenetic deviations are involved in regulating many processes in the human body. For example, the concept serves a role in controlling the male reproductive system. In the article, epigenetics is described as modifications to an individual’s phenotype, which emanates distinctly and separately from the fundamental DNA sequence. The two main molecular alterations within this realm of epigenetics are posttranslational histone amendment and DNA methylation. The authors further offer a vivid demonstration that explains how epigenetics partly contributes to infertility among men. For example, they highlight that different epigenetic outlines in semen that have been identified in males include low sperm count, poor movement of sperm, and abnormal semen shape. Reconfigured pathways of epigenesist, which effectively build high qualities semen, encompass lifestyle watch and environmental factors. Furthermore, epigenetics’s irregularities might have damaging consequences on semen assessment parameters, placentation, implantation, fertilization, or embryonic growth (Hanson & Hota