One of the commonly evaluated symptoms by neurologists and clinicians is cephalalgia [headaches] (Bernstein, Fox, Martin, & Lockey, 2013). The woman experiencing the recurrent headaches that mostly cause pain on the left side of the head requires a diagnosis to alleviate the condition. In this case, differential diagnosis is essential to ensure that the right treatment is administered to improve the patient’s health status. The associated disorders for the headache symptoms that include photophobia and phonophobia necessitate differential diagnosis to identify the correct treatment since there are over 300 different headache etiologies and types. The intolerance to light and loud sounds, which underscore photophobia and phonophobia, require particular differential diagnosis strategies for headache disorders. Thus, tension-type headache (TTH), cluster headaches, and migraines are the common conditions associated with the symptoms observed. This aspect implies that a differential diagnosis of the three conditions would be relevant (Bernstein et al., 2013) Since the headaches have recurred since her teenage years, chronic characteristics of TTH, cluster headaches, and migraine would be considered. In chronic TTH, mild nausea, phonophobia, or photophobia occurs. Pericranial tenderness may also develop depicting the presence of TTH. Forehead pains that are usually near the eye characterize chronic cluster headaches and movement does not intensify the condition. Besides, rhinorrhea, red eye, and face tearing are attributes of the disorder. Migraine symptoms include pounding or severe pain that affects one part of the head, nausea, or vomiting, eye pain, photophobia, and phonophobia (Bernstein et al., 2013). Additionally, asking several questions to enhance the diagnosis is essential, and it should include the following. How frequent and how long do the headaches take? What parts of the head experience the pain? Does light or sound intensity trigger the headaches? The behavior portrayed by Miranda is not normal, and thus it requires timely medical intervention to ensure the improvement of her health status and academic performance. Carrying out a differential diagnosis based on the provided clinical and behavioral manifestations is vital for the administration of the right treatment. Considering ADHD for diagnosis is strategic since the manifestations portray impulsivity, hyperactivity, and inattention. Besides, the situation affects Miranda’s academic, cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and social functioning. However, identifying the comorbid disorders that are associated with ADHD like anxiety, oppositional defiant disorder, and learning disabilities is crucial for a strategic diagnosis approach (Grauvogel‐MacAleese & Wallace, 2010). Disorders associated with developmental variations, neurological conditions, emotional and behavioral conditions and psychosocial and environmental factors would thus be considered in the differential diagnosis (Grauvogel‐MacAleese & Wallace, 2010). Therefore, considering the intellectual disability, anxiety, and substance abuse, the differential diagnosis is appropriate for Miranda’ case. The Intellectual disability aspec