ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Kübler-Ross, Job, and Buddhist stages of grieving According to Kübler-Ross (1969), there are five phases of grieving and they include; denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. The author indicates that grieving occurs as a result of loss and it is an inevitable phase in life (Kübler-Ross, 1969). The author also recognizes the fact that the five phases of grieving do not necessarily manifest in the same order in everyone. The denial stage is temporary and characterized by doubt and shock after learning that a loved one is dead. Specifically, people try to deviate from the reality of the situation. In the ‘anger’ stage, people begin to comprehend the reality of the situation. The anger can be aimed at God, objects, family, friends, or strangers. Emotionally, the bereaved members may also be angry at the dead person for leaving them. The bargaining stage involves feelings of hopelessness and despair. Specifically, the bereaved wish that the disease could have been diagnosed sooner or better care could have been provided for their loved one when they fell ill. The depression phase can either be characterized by sadness and regret or psychological preparation to separate from a loved one after burial. Lastly, the acceptance stage encompasses preparing to move on without the presence of a loved one. In some instances, the bereaved can take years to finally accept the loss of a family or friend. The story of job is found in the old testament in the bible. Job was wise and devoted to God (Verhey, 2011). He lost his property and all his children in one day following a natural calamity. He refused to be angry at God and chose to worship and accept his loss. Based on this story, Job did not go through the bargaining phase as he understood that God had better things in store for him. In Buddhism, followers do not view death as the end of an individual’s life (Kowalski, 2005). It is believed to be the end of the physical body and beginning of a new spiritual life. The Kisa Gautami parable in Buddhism presents a good example of how the followers should deal with grief. Kisa Gautami was a wealth woman whose son died following an illness. When she went to Buddha for assistance on how to deal with the grief, Buddha told her to go borrow five mustard seeds from families that had not been affected by death in the past. However, she discovered that all the families she visited had experienced loss at some point. She then accepted death as an unavoidable part of life and stopped grieving. Therefore, she went through denial and anger before she could accept that her son was dead. Compare the relationship between job and the above grieving models and examples Most of the stages described by Kübler-Ross did not manifest in Job’s case. After the loss, Job accepted the situation as true and began lamenting over what had h
The Sackrider Museum of Handbags “is a virtual online museum dedicated to collecting, interpreting, educating, preserving, and presenting a unique and diverse history of handbags to the public” (Sackrider Museum of Handbags 1). The Sackrider Museum’s organizational model is at its infancy and the institution is in the process of seeking funds that can be used to build a ‘physical space’ for the enterprise. Consequently, it is not immediately clear if the business will adopt a purely for-profit or a non-profit organizational model in the long run. However, currently the Museum has opted to use the ‘hybrid’ model of business. Through the hybrid model, Sackrider Museum of Handbags will act as both a for-profit and non-profit organization. Furthermore, the organization plans to source capital from both private investors and charitable organizations. This paper explores Sackrider Museum of Handbags’ hybrid business model including its advantages and disadvantages. There is little to be said about the model of business that has been adopted by Sackrider Museum of Handbags at this point. According to the museum’s website, the decision to adopt the hybrid organizational model is informed by the institution’s current needs. First, the Sackrider Museum of Handbags is seeking to cater for the historical and educational needs. Therefore, it is hard to cater for these needs using the for-profit organizational model. According to Sackrider Museum of Handbags’ website, the organization seeks to provide “an educational and historical reference point about handbags to the public with regard to designers, their designs, their diverse material, style, functionality, the influence on society, general interest and entertainment” (Sackrider Museum of Handbags 1). Not all these functions can be catered for by an autonomous organizational model. For instance, the need to fulfill educational and historical functions cannot be addressed by a for-profit organizational model. On the other hand, the role of obtaining handbags from historical designers cannot be fulfilled by a non-profit organizational model. Research indicates that the hybrid organizational model can be used to solve most of the challenges that are faced by conventional businesses. According to an article that appears on the “Harvard Business Review”, a hybrid organizational model allows “the for-profit entity to develop and focus its competencies to sell and distribute products… while the nonprofit is able to focus on broader issues through training, education, and monitoring” (Chen 1). In this case, the Sackrider Museum is seeking to propagate and uphold a tradition of preserving the evolution of handbags. However, the Museum has encountered several hurdles in the process of adopting its hybrid organizational model. For example, the online museum has not been able to secure membership in the pace that was anticipated. Most prospective donors shy away from the hybrid organizational model because they fear that their donations might be used for profiteering purposes. Nevertheless, it is importan
In 1980, the Judicial Conduct and Disability Act was passed by the Congress; within the Act, judiciary discipline measures were outlined (Hall & Feldmeier, 2012). Ever since it was passed, the Act has become a point of controversy, which is the primary product of the concerns about the constitutionality of it and whether the Act can be deployed as a means of elimination of unwanted judges. The following paper addresses the Act from the perspective of its constitutionality, the measures applicable to judges caught in misconduct and the terms of judges’ removal, as well as the terms of appointment. To fully understand the nature of the controversy over the 1980 Act, it is worth determining whether the Act is constitutional or not. There are several factors that indicate the non-constitutionality of it. Firstly, under the 1980 Act, a complaint against a judge can be put forward by any individual. In addition, the Act does not have any sine qua non conditions except that the judge should be an effective court administrator. The description of prejudicial conduct also appears evasive, as well as the standards for behavior that might be deemed ethical or unethical. Also, the Act does not fall under the category of case or controversy as per Article III. In the Bergen v. Edenfield case, it was ruled that the procedures of case reassignment, sanctions, and impeachment are for the council to decide on, not the court ( Joseph B. Bergen , n.d.). Thus, the constitutional nature of this Act can be cast doubt upon. Rather, the Act consists of internal administrative procedures that facilitate more efficient regulation of the judges’ conduct. An Article II judge is the one involved in unethical behavior. Such behavior implies treason, bribery, and, possibly, crimes of political nature as well as crimes committed repeatedly, as established in Hastings v. Judicial Conference of the United States ( Hastings v. Judicial Conference of United States , n.d.). In the same case, Judge Hastings argued for the unconstitutionality of repeated reassignment of cases from ju
Introduction The world, in general, has embarked on making education available and affordable. In many world economies, government expenditure on education is among the huge budget portions. Some of the governments have opted to offer basic education for free to their citizens. The taxpayers are highly burdened for this course but the question is; is it worth going to school? Does the income of an individual increase with an increased education level? Many people go to school with different agendas. It starts with the parent who dictates to the child that he should go to school; however at a later age, the individual aims higher in the learning. One of the most stated reasons why someone will need to further their education is for economic wellness. But to what extent does the level of education influence the economic well-being of an individual? The ordinary level of education that is high school graduates is regarded as basic and thus the need for furthering is the option to more income (Blaug, 1972). This paper looks into the economic value of education; our focus will be on post-high school education and post-degree. White Color Job vs. Manual Laborer Whit color jobs are paying more than the laborers’ jobs. The works in the offices or professional works are more paying in terms of salaries and job satisfaction. The professions are characterized by doing little and earning high. The professionals are highly learned and the manual laborers are the “servants” of the learned. The higher number of youth and the middle age people in the United States are learned according to U.S. Census Bureau (July 2002). In 1975, over 63 percent of all Americans had acquired a high school diploma. In the number, 14 percent them are degree holders in varying disciplines, in the year 2000 similar statistics revealed that 84 percent of individuals (aged 25 and above) possessed diplomas from high school diploma whereas 26% of them were degree holders. With this level of learned population; there is the need for an individual to do something extra so as he can stand out among the crowd. The obvious solution is to read further, take an extra course or a professional course. An example is in accounting field; previously someone who had taken a certified public accountant certificate was considered competitive enough in the sector, then it came the Bachelors degree in Accounting which was seen as more prestigious, those who had the certified public accountant became less competitive; now for one to term himself as competitive in this sector, he is supposed to have both the Bachelors degree and the professional course. The emergence and the recognition of professional bodies in the country is another one that has made further learning a default. An example of this is the accounting sector. The employees are willing to employ those who are registered with the bodies than those who are not. The masses are encouraged to learn further. Most of the bodies negotiate for their member’s salaries and thus the effort that the person had made (Packer, 1993). On the other hand, the increased education level is seen as a
The Puerto Rico Education Project (PREP) is a specific project based on information technologies which was developed by the Puerto Rico Department of Education and the U.S. company (USCO) in order to design and implement necessary computer systems for providing the effective evaluation of the educational programs in the country. The peculiarities of the project required the location of the U.S. staff in Puerto Rico in order to work out and install the programs effectively. That is why 25 employees were sent to work in Puerto Rico for the period of three years. In spite of the USCO company’s experience in developing successful programs earlier, the implementation of IT systems in Puerto Rico can be considered as ineffective because of a range of challenges which the company experienced in the country. There are several aspects which should be determined for the company in order to avoid the difficulties with the further off-site assignments. The first aspect is the ignorance of the national and cultural peculiarities and differences in working with the local people (Baltzan, Phillips, & Detlor, 2011). The managers of USCO considered the project as the on-site one and did not focus on the cultural peculiarities in dealing with human resources. Moreover, the employees did not know Spanish which complicated their communication with the local population. Thus, it is necessary to implement the language and cultural trainings of the employees before their moving to the country in order to provide their effective adaptation. Moreover, the company did not pay attention to the fact that employees and their families would live in the country during three years. That is why the conditions of their living should be appropriate. To avoid the fact of decreasing the employees’ productivity because of the inappropriate living conditions, it is necessary to concentrate on the employees’ everyday comfort. Moreover, it is significant to address the personnel’s needs in time and have the person who will be responsible for solving the employees’ problems which are not connected with the working process. The next group of problems is connected with the inadequate controlling the working process. The detailed structure of the process was not developed according to the requirements of the situation. It is necessary to provide clear goals and benefits of the project for both parts of the contract in order to organize the work effectively (Baltzan, Phillips, & Detlor, 2011). Moreover, it is important to develop the perspectives and analyze possible advantages and disadvantages, risks and threats of the project. Thus, Puerto Rico Department of Education was not involved enough in the negotiation process, and the end goals of the proje
Sociological concepts showing lost support from objective belief and degeneration of final pre-capitalist remains, together with technical and societal differentiation in addition to specialism, that brings forth cultural disorder, are proved false by day-to-day experience. The reason for this is that, currently, culture is having the same kind of effect on everything. Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer in their book, “The Culture Industry,” prove that the media (films, radios, and newspapers) constitute systems that are reliable as complete in each and every element (Horkheimer & Adorno, 2). All subdivisions of culture are unanimous. Even the artistic expression of political opposites proclaims similar supple rhythms. For example, “the decorative industrial management buildings and exhibition centers, in authoritarian countries are much the same as anywhere else” (Horkheimer & Adorno, 2). For instance, gigantic tall buildings being constructed all over are apparent signs of the imaginative preparation of worldwide concerns, headed towards the direction where the unleashed commercial structure is already speeding up. This paper will therefore explain selected Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer’s ideas on art and culture. The “culture industry” was a phrase made up by critical philosophers Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer. The two theorists argued in the book(particularly in the last section), “The Culture Industry Dialectic of Enlightenment” that, well-liked cultures are similar to a plant making consistent cultural commodities through films, radios, and periodicals for the sole aim of manipulating the community into submissiveness. The undemanding contentment accessible through the utilization of admired culture makes individuals passive and content, regardless of the hard economic situations they might find themselves in (Horkheimer & Adorno, 273). Adorno and Horkheimer in their book stated that the idea of a mass-shaped culture is a threat to the more intricate high-arts. They said that Culture industries can promote bogus needs; by this, they meant, needs that were shaped and contented by capitalism. They further stated that factual needs, on the contrary, are lack restrictions, inventiveness, or legitimate happiness (Horkheimer & Adorno, 12). It is true that though the Western culture was once alienated to national markets, followed by high, middle, and lowbrows, the current outlook of mass-culture is that of a solitary market where the most excellent or most admired work succeeds. This shows that the merging of media corporations has integrated control in the hands of a small number of international companies now in control of manufacturing and distribution. The underlying principle of this theory was to encourage the liberation of the user from the oppression of the manufacturers by inducing the user, to subject attitudes and beliefs to questioning. The authors claim that clarification was supposed to bring about pluralism and demystification; however, the general public supposedly experienced a big fall as it is tainted by industries that are capitalists harboring expl
Introduction to Product Hierarchy Advantage Product distribution in most cases is influenced by the consumer requirements and such distribution normally takes a defined succession. Customers in most cases tend to have a higher enthusiast for some products as compared to other competitive products. Products with higher demand levels amongst consumers will always attain the top levels of the consumers’ demands thus are placed in the top positions of the hierarchy while the products with lower competitive demands are normally positioned at the lower levels. The essay will analyze the product hierarchies of Apple, Samsung, Sony, Huawei and Lenovo that deal with mobile and wearable devices in the Dubai market. The first section of the paper will briefly discuss the performance of mobile and wearable products in the Dubai market, followed by a discussion of the positions of the five companies in Dubai city. Furthermore, it will elaborate on a PEST analysis as well as create product hierarchies for the five companies then conduct an analysis of the substitute ability. In the last part of the paper, it will present a discussion of competition levels, elaborate on the BCG matrix for the companies and highlight a sequence of consumer choice. It will then conclude with the evaluation of the future of the products in the UAE. Performance of Consumer Electronics Industry in Dubai Globally, the growth of mobile and wearable technology has been in the rise especially in Australia, Canada, Asia, South Africa, the UK, and the US, where consumers are aware of such technology; have above 52% interest in fitness monitors, 46% in smartwatches, and 42% in buying Internet-connected eyeglasses among others (Arora 10). Most multinational companies have been showing interest in penetrating market conditions even in the economic crises such as those exhibited in the year 2008. Major international brands currently operate in both Abu Dhabi and Dubai markets. This is confirmed by a report by Abdelgalil and Husain (7) who indicates that Dubai is a leading market for consumer electronics, for instance, the popularity of smartphones has ensured that most consumers use them in the fields of imaging and portable, Smartphone, watch, cameras, and other household electrical appliances. According to Arora, smartphones account for about 30% of the retail volume in c
Diaspora has a varied number of definitions and meanings in the world with the Greeks believing it to be migration and colonization while Jews, Palestinians, Africans, and Americans believing it to be a collective form of oppression and foiled dreams in a host land. Axel (2002) takes the term diasporic imaginary as a component of violence in the generation of its meaning. Further, he states that the term takes the “temporality, affect and corporeality” as the main definitive (Axel, 2002). This is a difference from the widely accepted notion that place is the ultimate definitive of Diaspora. Violence in Axels’ view (2002) plays a significant role in the formation of a diasporic imagination. This study aims at expounding on diasporic imagination and its effects on the definition and thought inclination on culture, history and politics. Diasporic imagination mainly entails the illusions, real or imagined relation of a person or a group of people to a certain place, religion, culture, or affiliation with the aim of understanding one’s originality and ancestry (Abu-Lughod, 1989). This ties the subject to the identification and allegiance to a given group in terms of actions, attitudes, believes, and gives a degree of allegiance owing to shared ancestry. The diasporic communities who settle in non-birth locations have the notion of their home country engrained in their culture, language, and religion affecting their emotions and loyalty. The main ingrains of Diaspora are the ability of a community, group or state to preserve its integral values of religion, believes and ancestry. This assertion aids in the understanding of the historical context of African slavery and the Jewish persecution that is a good representation of Diaspora. The ability to withstand slavery, persecution and treatment, and the realization of dreams beyond the motherland gives a better understanding of this historical context. This is through the understanding of Diasporic imagination where they realized their affiliation of culture, common ancestral origin and the influence on their conviction (Curtin, 1984). Race being, one of the main ways of identification by Diaspora communities, makes the basis for the formation of culture and understanding of politics as well as the history. The race has defined the historical perspective of communities where it acted as a discriminatory tool mainly by whites against the blacks. It was also the main motivation of the slave trade (Marx, 1996). Policies and the ruling of the state depended on the racial inclination and identity while protests and mobilization of the communities relied on racial and ancestral