ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Why is local control in our schools such a failure? This question has been echoed in many quarters among Americans concerned about school management. Due to lapses in school management, some people have strongly advocated for abolishment of school boards. This paper seeks to expose the reasons why school management has largely failed. It will extensively look into the call to kill school boards and why pressures towards the same are increasing with passing time. To bid to establish if school boards should be abolished or not, the challenges faced by school boards will be dissected. Decentralization as a public institutions management policy has served America and other countries well. One of the key strengths of a decentralization policy is that it makes decision making easier. Additionally, decentralization takes management closer to the people (Reeves 2003, p. 24). The establishment of school boards resulted from a decentralization process (First1992, p. 31). However, as the case in this paper illustrates, it seems school boards are failing in their mandate. Many reformers agree that management decentralization in education has become increasingly difficult and caused many problems. Although management of schools was vested with the boards with the intention of making the function independent, it appears the boards are easily manipulated by significant forces in the education sector. Such manipulation has made the board ineffective in the way they perform their roles and responsibilities. School Boards Before understanding why school boards should be abolished or not, it is critical to know what school boards are, their composition and roles in a school setting. School boards are composed of members who are the representatives of the community in the school. Many believe that school boards have a considerable influence over the school decisions and that they prov
In his short story A&P, John Updike describes the experiences of a person who cannot fully accept the norms established in the society and conformity of other people. By depicting the behavior of a teenager named Sammy who works in the supermarket chain, the writer illustrates the way in which an individual responds to the culture dominated by consumption and rigid norms that are taken for granted. Furthermore, A&P is the symbol of this world, which does not enable a person to deviate from the existing tradition. This short story can be analyzed from different viewpoints; for instance, one can examine character development, symbolism, and the use of stylistic devices. It is possible to argue that Sammy does not accept this culture and even rebels against it; however, he almost immediately understands how naïve he is. The main character sees that his protest is not rewarded or even recognized by others. As a result, he is overwhelmed by disappointment when it becomes clear to him that conformity is quite acceptable to other people. The main problem is that people like Sammy cannot properly articulate the goals that they want to attain. These are the main aspects that should be discussed in greater detail. One can say that John Updike highlights the role of consumer culture by incorporating the names of brands into Sammy’s inner monologue. The protagonist works as a cashier in A&P, and the names of products have become almost inseparable parts of his vocabulary. For example, one can mention “Diet Delight peaches,” “Kingfish Fancy Herring Snacks,” and so forth (Updike 95). This is one of the details that can attract readers’ attention. In order to describe the environment, John Updike uses the following phrase, “the cat-and-dog-food-breakfast-cereal-macaroni-rice-raisins-seasonings-spreads-spaghetti-soft-drinks-crackers-and-cookies aisle” (Updike 94). This description is important for highlighting the world of prosperity, which is readily accessible to everyone. However, at the same time, this worl
It is hard to disagree that treating older persons is often a challenging and long process that requires attention and patience from medical personnel. Sometimes, the doctor or nurse needs to be able to find the right words and arguments to convince an older person to get treatment or take medicine (Pfeifer, 2015). In Mr. Jones’ situation, there are some factors that cause his views and reactions. Knowing them and some additional information may be useful to understand the reasons for Mr. Jones’s reluctance to be treated and assist him in improving his function and comfort level. Mr. Jones is a single 70-year-old person who has severe joint restrictions in his hips and knee due to arthritis and suffers constant joint pain because of that. He says that he does not need physical therapy, rejects the surgery recommendations, and does not use a cane for walking. There are some psychological factors that may cause this behavior. No one wants to grow old, and many people are afraid not of death but of old age, helplessness, and the fact that no one will love them anymore (Tabloski, 2014). It seems to Mr. Jones that if he agrees to the treatment, undergoes surgery, or takes a cane, he will finally recognize his own age. For him, it is worse and more stressful than joint pain. Also, he may be afraid of not surviving the surgery. It is essential to learn if he ever had unsuccessful surgeries. Probably something has happened in his past, and because of that, he is afraid to undergo many surgeries and treatments. Also, he could have had successful surgeries and treatment in his youth, so the doctor may remind him of them and say that medical intervention is not a sign of old age. To help Mr. Jones, the doctor may try to gently convince him that both children and adults do treatments and surgeries. Health and comfort are more important than age, and it is there and not age’s absence that can hinder love. Also, the doctor may say that walking with a cane is a modern fashion. A cane is an accessory, an addition to an image that will make him more intelligent in the eyes of other people. Reminding of the joy of movement and saying that the pain will only worsen is also the right decision for a doctor to persuade Mr. Jones.
The SprintMusic is an MP3 player that uses kinetic energy to operate. Product Idea The inception of the idea of the product is from a need of saving energy and finding alternative energy sources. Eco marketing and products are the latest buzz in any industry especially the electronic industry. This product is called the SprintMusic. the concept is very simple of a mp3 player that uses kinetic energy. This small mp3 player will be designed to use the kinetic energy generated when we run or dance and is converted into power to run the MP3. The MP3 is kept in the pocket and another small periphery device is attached to the pant legs. This connecting device is wireless and is connected through the mp3 via Bluetooth. This the kinetic module of the device attached to the leg of the pant. The connector would transmit energy to the MP3 and it would operate similar to any other MP3 player. The product is unique as it helps in eco-friendly product design. A sample of the design is presented in figure 1. The product is designed not only to provide music to the listener i.e. the runners but also provides the distance ran and the speed at which the distance has been covered. The sensor placed in the pant legs does not only gather energy from the legs it also monitors the movement of the legs and calculates the distance run by the jogger. It shows three things on completion of the running – (1) distance, (2) speed, and (3) calorie burnt. The MP3 will have a digital display that would show the desired information on pressing of a button just below the screen. The MP3 also allows a runner to set the desired speed or a range of speed for a running and the MP3 would provide signal when that is speed range is not achieved. Therefore, the player actually plays a soft alarm when the speed is not attained or the runner reduces her running speed. Therefore, this product has triple features – (1) it is eco-friendly as it uses a unique form of energy i.e. kinetic energy, (2) it provides the distance ran and speed, and (3) allows the user to set the desired speed range and the product would indicate when the desired speed is not attained. Figure : A sketch of SprintMusic The usability of the product lies in its unique design and power packed features. This MP3 is specially designed for athletes and sportspersons. Otherwise, this device can also be targeted to eco-conscious customers who look for eco-friendly alternatives. The easy to use product and its USP of using kinetic energy would allow the marketers to sell it to all health conscious and eco-conscious consumers. The product is unique even its feature offerings that allows the user to see the distance she ran and at the speed at which the distance had been covered. Apart from that it also allows the user to set the speed range at which she wants to run allowing him to maintain the rhythm of running. Package Design Figure : Packaging for SprintMusic Keeping in mind the product’s eco-frien
“Akhenaten’s Hymn to the Sun” is not only an important poetic piece but a glimpse at history and time of ancient civilizations. It shows how people viewed their life and God, paying their respects and making it a representation of all that exists. The cult of the Sun was a contrast to the darkness that existed among the Ancients. It was a representation of life on Earth and was thought to be the creator of all living things and a channel of life force. People of Egypt have worshipped the Sun, treating it as a part of heavens. “Akhenaten’s Hymn to the Sun” describes a God which is a key figure to the Egyptian people. It tells how the sun rises above the mountains, which enclose a valley, with the first rays hitting the Earth, touching upon the roofs of the city and playing on the white walls of cathedrals. People then become the worshippers and pay their respects to life, the Sun, and the God who has created all life. They give their sacrifices to the God and raise their hands towards the sun. The ruler of Egypt and his family are instrumental to the worship of the God and the Sun, setting an example for all people. The introduction of the poem is a key part in understanding the type of religion—Atonism. It talks about the beauty of the sun, appearing on the horizon, and the effect that it makes when it shines, bringing beauty to the world below. Because it is the source of light, it is considered the most important part of the world. When the poem states that the rays engulf the earth, which it has created, it shows how people thought about the sun. It makes it clear that Aton was considered to be a world God. It was not a God who was specific to certain people or land, but the creator of all that exists. Aton is represented as a disk of sun, but his true identity is hidden from people (Krist 17). The fact that no one can truly know or understand is that this God makes him even more mysterious and distant. The fact that he is unreachable, however, does not separate the deity from those who worship him, it only shows how ever reaching and powerful the God is. The importance of the Sun can be seen when the poem talks about its absence and the darkness that spreads: everything comes to life when the Sun appears, thus making it an all-powerful entity; when it disappears, the earth is covered by darkness and is compared to death. It becomes so dark that people cannot see each other and sleep, covering their heads, unprotected and vulnerable. An
“Sonnet 75” is a sonnet about the conflict of adoration’s never-ending nature and tedious’ power. Edmund Spenser utilizes the picture of the sand and waves to portray the certainty of death. Despite this, simultaneously, as he keeps on composing between waves, he stands up to death, trying to beat it. The writer skillfully uses imagery, simile, and alliteration to provide the right tone in different sections of his poem for readers to understand the mood of each piece. Spenser has given this work an effect that has an impact through the splendid utilization of imagery and the description of the power of nature. Since the pieces are composed to insight concerning Spenser’s affection, this poem is about the strength of his adoration for his better half. Sand is constantly connected with time since sand is utilized in hourglasses. Spenser composed the name of his better half on the sand, implying that he took a piece of time and saved it for his significant other. This impact is utilized in lines, “again I wrote it with a second hand, but came the tide, and made my pains his prey” to show the transitory idea of things” (Spencer 3-4). Anything that exists will be gone with time since nothing is everlasting. Here, torments mean his endeavors as his activities are futile, and his attempt to battle the power of time is trivial. The speaker utilizes a simile in the beginning lines, contrasting the way that the sea is washing away the dearest’s name from the shore to how that time dissolves all memory of individuals’ lives. The sonnet opens with the speaker composing his dearest’s name “upon the strand” and the waves coming and fixing the speaker’s work. The speaker’s darling, in the interim, demands that the speaker’s endeavors are useless on the grounds that she’s human and consequently ” shall like to this decay” (Spencer 7). The simile shows that the adore is examining her inevitable death and the vanishing of her name from the strand: at some point, she, similar to her composed name, will be eradicated from the world. The writer shows his commitment and excellence in the sonnet through alliteration usage. For instance, “pain” and “prey” use similar-sounding words, and those P’s sound pretty cruel. The sound echoes the unpleasant substance of the line, wherein the sea figuratively gobbles up the wife’s name as though it is prey (Spencer 4). Also, The brutal D of “devise,” “die,” and “dust” associates the words identified with death and the certainty of leaving behind the sweetheart. Nonetheless, later, the sweet W’s and L’s in the last lines of the sonnet, in the words “where,” “when,” and “love,” “live,” and “later life,” supplant the unforgiving D sound to exhibit the delight of a cheerful love to the reader (Spencer 13-14). This way, Spencer illustrates different perspectives of his feelings, from despair to hope, by applying alliteration throughout the literary piece. In conclusion, “Sonnet 75” uncovers significantly more with regard to complex ideas of affection and time. In
Historians often tend to draw parallels between Ancient Rome and the United States since these countries can be compared in terms of their geopolitical, cultural and economic importance. Moreover, their political and legal systems are often compared. This paper is aimed at examining the similarities and differences between Roman and the U.S. Senate. First of all, one should mention that the institutions have to be responsible for limiting the power of political leaders. Yet, it is necessary to keep in mind that the U.S. Senate is much more inclusive because this institution does not deny a person the right to membership on the basis of gender or income level. Moreover, the responsibilities of these organizations differ in many ways. These are the questions that should be discussed more closely. It should be kept in mind that the Founding Fathers were partly inspired by the Ancient Rome, especially its Republican Period (Meckler 146). There are some important differences that can be identified. First of all, the Roman Senate acted as the system of checks and balances that could prevent the state from taking irrational steps (Meckler 146). In particular, they had to limit the authority of consuls who could be regarded as the most important political leaders in the Ancient Rome. Similar role is played by the U.S Senate since it has to make sure that the President of the United States does not take any irrational steps. For instance, this organization has a right to start an impeachment trial provided that the President cannot meet the performance standards that are set for this post (Murphy 10). This is one of the most crucial similarities that should be taken into account. Another important issue is the ability of the Senate to control public finances. This is one of the tasks that the Roman Senate had to cope with (Meckler 146). In turn, the U.S Senate has the authority to influence the economic development of the country and governmental expenditures. Therefore, it is possible to say that in some cases these institutions perform the same functions. This is one of the reasons why historians draw parallels between these institutions. Much attention should also be paid to such an aspect as the legislative role of these institutions. The Roman Senate was responsible for passing degrees. However, these decrees did not have an immediate legal status. In other words, they could propose a change in the legislation, but this proposal had to be accepted by the Roman Assemblies (Byrd 180). This is one of the main distinctions that should be singled out. Apart from that, the Roman Senate was more responsible for interpreting the existing laws and precedents, rather than introducing new ones. This is one of the main aspects that can be identified. The functioning of the U.S. Senate also has similar aspects. In particular, the authority of this social institution can be limited by the House of Representatives. Additionally, thi
Introduction Medicine is often associated with some ethical issues that, in their turn, periodically cause a sufficiently large resonance in the society and require an integrated approach to study. One of the examples is the problem of personal responsibility for health and limitations of this sphere. The legislation, social, and moral standards have defined certain spheres of influence in this matter, and particular conclusions can be drawn from some established order. The assessment of responsibility is an important criterion for evaluating the healthcare system as a whole and helps to identify key points that deserve attention and development. Rights to Receive Medical Assistance When it is about the health problem, as a rule, the image of doctors and medical institutions is associated with illnesses. According to Hammaker and Knadig, all patients have the right to receive qualified specialist care, and the issue of health insurance is one of the controversial ones (122). Despite the fact that some people cannot afford to purchase a special document confirming their right to receive expensive medical services, it should not mean that medica
Strategic management involves the ability of a company’s top organ to use different productive approaches in order to remain competitive in the present dynamic business environment. The top management specifies the goals and targets of the firm in allocating the available resources (Strategic Management, n.d.). Therefore, a company should have a large capital base or high liquidity so that it can survive the fluctuations in the market trend. In employing strategic management in their operations, these companies formulate, implement, and evaluate various decisions in order to facilitate achievement of the set goals and objectives. Such organization has to use the available resources to meet the continuous market needs and even satisfy the expectations of its stakeholders. The level of operation involves the kind of activities that the firm should engage in while in the market. These companies have to take command or control of the functions such as managing their Working Capital (WC) and engaging in an effective cash flow forecasting. In avoiding external sources of business finance, organizations try to maintain their high liquidity. The cash flow trend enables organizations to plan into the future on how they intend to navigate various hurdles and tap existing opportunities. For instance, if an organization predicts that there are times when there will be more cash inflow than outflow, it can develop avenues in which the funds will give good returns to the business other than remaining idle. Organizations also monitor avenues where they commit their funds (Strategic Management, n.d.). This vivid follow up will enable organizations to avoid engaging in activities that were not planned for at the beginning. A properly managed WC can also enable an organization to make quick decisions in the products to continue supplying to their customers and those that should be withdrawn from the inventory. This process gives the management the opportunity to study the inventory and stock products that do not hold cash for a longtime. The Chemicals and Petrochemical industry in United Arab Emirates (UAE) highly depends on the oil industry. For instance, they obtain their raw materials like urea, ethylene, caustic soda, and ammonia from the oil industries (Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) – View All Companies, n.d.). Firms in this industry are committed in investing in the emerging UAE economy in order to realize continuous growth. They employ different innovative technologies in their operations; this approach enables them to remain solvent even during difficult times. There have been massive financial investments in technical, marketing, and managerial awareness. An example of such mother company is the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC). With the rapid increase in demand for and consumption of natural gas, this industry is seemingly going to increase their presence and market share in the next 3 to 5 years. The decrease in crops’ yield will also call for continuous use of fertilizers, which will have to be wrapped in environmentally-friendly plastic materials. All thes