ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
At the beginning of the first chapter, Ooka’s main protagonist Private Tamura calls his forceful departure from his unit a “fatal sentence” (3). The author makes it clear to the reader that morality and perceptions of war are very different to those of civilian society: A man who had spent many days being a soldier does not think of his everyday life as a fatal sentence where he could die at any minute. Tamura’s fatal sentence is becoming sick, weak, and useless as a soldier in an area stricken with a severe shortage of food. Thus, the protagonist is facing the unknown in total solitude because the society around him is in survival mode, at the point of desperation, making each individual and group extremely pragmatic: All stop caring about the wellbeing of others, viewing the weak as a waste of resources. Moreover, Tamura notices the inadequacy in the exchange that he and his country are making; he thinks, “Six small potatoes—to this extent and no further was my country prepared to guarantee my survival: this country of mine to which I was offering my life” (Ooka 7). This illustrates the way that pragmatic morality is not only a characteristic of desperate people exhausted by the war, but also by the entire country of Japan, shocked by the devastating impacts this global armed conflict had produced. The longer Tamura spends alone, isolated from other people, in an alien country, unable to find help or any way to survive, the more he loses his connection with reality and the world around him. As a result, the habitual moral norms that are enforced and stimulated only within social groups gradually start to fade away as Tamura continues to exist torn away
The data in the table allows for concluding that the drug typically leads to an increased number of offspring a mother mouse has. The conclusion above can be figured out by comparing the litters of drug and control groups based on their arithmetical values. For this, it is necessary to sum up the babies in the litter and divide the obtained number by the number of the litters. On average, an ordinary mouse has five babies in the offspring, while the quantity increases to 6.9 babies when the drug is used. Cow Growth Rates The graph on Excel reveals that the experimental feed slowed Bessie’s weight gain. The conclusion above is justified because Bessie gained 40 lbs. fewer than Bertha the next month of using the experimental feed. It is important that the experiment used twin cows because this condition minimized the chances that any external factors contributed to the different weight gain results. According to the graph, Forks grew the fastest because it had the most dramatic increase in population. Cloverfield is the only town in the graph that declined in population. Mystic had the slightest change in population because it only increased by less than 200 individuals. The graph reveals that the population of Forks is 3,800 people in 2010. According to the pie chart, the Insects group has the most number of species, which is 50%. All invertebrates account for 75% because insects are also included in this group. As for vertebrates, the pie chart makes it challenging to state their exact percentage, but it is possible to assume that they constitute approximately 5%.
Introduction Studies such as those by Heffetz (2012) explain that in the case of the 45-65 age demographic, buying decisions on food are oriented more towards long term healthy food choices and, as such, they are willing to spend considerable amounts on food that they know is healthy (Heffetz, 801-818). Evidence of this can be seen in the creation of several companies that produce products specifically targeted at this demographic, such as high fiber cereals, vitamin enriched bread, various types of multi-vitamins and a variety of other products (Heffetz, 801-818). Not only that, the study “Disparities in the Frequency Of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption by Socio-Demographic and Lifestyle Characteristics in Canada” (2011) which examined consumer trends in healthy eating revealed that as consumers age they tend to take into consideration the type of food they eat given their susceptibility to illnesses due to their advanced age (Disparities in The Frequency of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption, 118-125). As a result, they are willing to spend more to get better high quality food that is rich in vitamins, fiber and other nutritious elements. From these studies, it is evident that consumer buying behavior for the 45-65 demographic is oriented more towards healthy food choices wherein they first consider the health benefits of what they consume as opposed to its affordability or popularity.
In every generation young people get attacked by more mature and experienced individuals. The accusations vary and focus on such traits as laziness, lack of knowledge, bad education, being too spoiled or too childish and unwilling to deal with responsibilities. The current young generation did not become an exception. In the world of nowadays, young people are widely criticized for various behaviors and features. Sociologists and psychologists research the special traits of the modern youth also known as the Milennials, Generation Y and the Facebook Generation, writers and philosophers theorize about the differences between the modern youth and the young people of the past. The society is divided into the individuals that oppose young generation and its special traits and the people that support the youth and try to justify and explain their behavioral patterns. Among some of the main viewpoints used to describe the contemporary young generation there is the young people’s attachment towards their digital devices and computers. The Facebook Generation is widely attacked for being dependant on the internet and various social platforms, for taking pictures of themselves looking in the mirrors and perceiving all the social interactions through the online chatting, blogs and social networks. This truly is a new phenomenon for the human society, yet it does not mean that this behavior is bad. When telephone and mail were invented and the society started to use them widely, no one saw them as harmful influences. The young people’s eagerness to study technologies and widely apply them should be seen as a useful and modern desire to adjust to the social changes and embrace the influences that are going to prevail in the future. Another important trait pointed out by the researchers studying the Milennials is their narcissism. According to the research, the young people of nowadays are three times more narcissistic than their predecessors (Reeve, par. 5). The scholars conducting such researches collect their data properly, yet they tend to compare younger generations to the older ones without taking into consideration the age factor. Basically, young people tend to be more self –absorbed, but they grow out of this stage and evolve emotionally, so this accusation is groundless. Young people of all generations hear criticism from their parents and older people stating that the youth is useless, light-minded, inconsiderate and selfish. This phenomenon is referred to as “juvenoia”, or the anxiety about the impacts social changes have on children (Thierer, par. 2). The current young generation is also widely called the laziest and the dumbest generation due to the easy life they live because of all the technologies making everything ten times simpler and more accessible (Rampell, par. 4). Young people themselves admit that the levels of ethics and morality used to be higher in the times of their parents and grandparents. The life truly changed, and the society has been influenced by the proces
Technological development has provided the commercial sector with a variety of opportunities. China is one of the most versatile producers of innovative products. Some of these products are the Illuminated sign blackboard LED ( Shenzhen Suocai Electronic Technology Co. 2015). Gupta (2013) stresses that environmental analysis is central to strategic planning as it enables companies to take into account all opportunities and possible hazards. To implement the environmental analysis, it is possible to employ PESTEL model. This framework allows to assess major factors that can affect the development of the product, service as well as the entire company (Barrows & Neely 2012). The model involves the analysis of political, economic, socio-cultural, technological, environmental and legal aspects. As for the political factors affecting the product in question, it is possible to note that LED blackboards have many opportunities. The contemporary society is concerned with efficiency and environmental protection. Hence, many political forces try to focus on these issues as well. The new products are associated with small energy consumption, which is closely related to eco-friendly practices. More so, developed countries are characterized by rather strict law enforcement concerning the commercial use of lighting (Parsons 2015). Therefore, the new product can be successfully marketed in developed countries. As far as economic factors are concerned, it is necessary to take into account such aspects as population income, real spending as well as the development of the commercial market. When it comes to the Chinese market, the population’s income have been steadily growing, and people have started spending more on entertainment. Irrespective of certain financial constraints, people living in developed countries spend the significant amount of money on entertainment as well as buying consumer goods. Companies providing services associated with entertainment have willingly utilized the product that have attracted customers (Nair & Dhoble 2015). When it comes to socio-cultural factors, it is possible to identify such trends as the focus on environmental issues, efficiency, and innovation. As has been mentioned above, the contemporary society is concerned with environmental protection and energy-efficient technologies. Clearly, customers prefer products that are energy-efficient and eco-friendly at the same time (Zehner 2011). Furthermore, modern consumers are accustomed to novelties and seek for constant innovation. Admittedly, LED signs in bars, restaurants, shops will attract customers due to their novelty and efficiency. Technological concerns may have a significant impact on the development of the industry as well as the future of the product. Stafford (2010) stresses that the LED technology will continue developing, and new standards of efficiency will come into existence. The development of the components used in manufacturing LED technologies is likely to lead to the reduction of costs, which is also beneficial for the future of the product (Stafford 2010). The overall popularity of the technology creates a favorable environment for the produ
Entrepreneurs are frequently regarded as innovators due to current competitive conditions that force them to be creative. Due to globalization, people in business introduce new products, services, and methods of production (Eurich, Weiblen, & Breitenmoser, 2014). They search for new sources of supply and re-organize the whole industries to be commercially viable. Entrepreneurs collect new ideas, they are motivated by arising problems and look for innovative solutions (Tynnhammar, 2019). They borrow existent ideas and update them to create new services and goods. The process of innovation has six steps of problem-solving – problem observation, problem definition, idea generation, idea synthesis, idea evaluation, and solution implementation. This work describes the process of the innovation idea development by the author, who searches for a product that will solve the problem with organization and people’s self-discipline. Problem Observation The process of innovation and problem solving is impossible without the definition of a problem. This process requires the direct and indirect observation of consumers and production processes. Entrepreneurs analyze people’s demands, wishes, complaints, and even dreams concerning the products that may enhance the quality of life and solve specific problems (Euchner & Ganguly, 2015). The investigation of production processes identifies their strong and
The 1700s were a time of enormous change all over Europe, and in North America as well. The restored appreciation of Classical, pre-Christian achievements, which had begun and flowered in the Renaissance, continued to influence all parts of life and culture. The European world had, in a matter of a few generations, dramatically expanded. It had expanded outward geographically through the discovery and colonization of a heretofore unknown (to them) continent bursting with resources and potential for the creation of wealth and opportunity for free exercise of religious conscience. It had also expanded inwardly, turning the focus of philosophers onto individual autonomy and on rationality rather than depending unquestioningly on religious authority and superstition. The 18 th century was, not unexpectedly, the first to christen itself with a special name: the Enlightenment, Aufklarung, and the time of the Illuminati. Kant articulated for his contemporaries the spirit of the time: “For Kant, enlightenment signified knowledge, specifically self-knowledge. Knowledge implied an understanding of human nature as well as the uses to which that knowledge can be put” (Kreis). The countries of Europe were reaching out to gain and consolidate control of far distant places and people, and the riches they could send back. They were in contact, even if only by proxy, with a wider variety of cultures than at any time in their own history; interacting (not always civilly) with indigenous peoples from Central and South America, India, Southeast Asia, Africa, and so forth. This global trade and governance demanded far more sophistication in financial instruments and institutions, ships and navigation [1] (Gasciogne). Science was becoming a its own legitimate area of study, rather than merely a sub-category of religion, with dramatic advances as a result. [2] The wealth that was accruing to the privileged classes was spent on an ever growing elaboration of dress, household appurtenances, and decorative objects for the glory of God, and largely by noblemen. Art and ornamentation was now being displayed outside church and chapel, with subject matter well beyond the sacred. It was also increasingly within financial reach of more than solely the Medici. This was at least in part because labor saving innovations made craft items more affordable. Accordingly, a wide range of wealthy folk newly entered the market as consumers of fine and decorative arts. The appreciation of beauty and the exercise of discernment in taste became goals in and of themselves, rather than being sidebars to the glorification of God and the church. The discernment of beauty became yet another science, an area of rational inquiry and discussion (Hume, Treatise on Human Nature, Volume 2, as quoted 66-67) (W. Hogarth 75-78) (Shaftesbury 63) Like swordsmanship, or a foreign language, “judgement” was presented as a skill that could be learned (Hume, Four Dissertations, as quoted 66-67), and which would improve from being tutored and from being exercised (Burke 67-68). Even the portr
Introduction Access to quality health care services is crucial in most countries across the world. However, most people tend to concentrate on physical health and forget the psychological side of it. An individual’s health status is an aggregate of physical and mental health, hence the need to focus on the two components. With approximately half of the world’s population experiencing the effects of mental illnesses, different countries have implemented a variety of strategies in response to psychological health. In the United States, both the federal and state governments have implemented a variety of measures aimed at eliminating mental illnesses. The primary objective of this paper is to evaluate how the society has responded to the issue of mental disorders and mental health. Social Policy In a bid to promote psychological health, the federal government implemented a criminal justice system that supports psychological health. In the United States, significant proportions of the incarcerated persons depict mental disorders with female inmates taking the lead. Nevertheless, researchers have documented an increment in the rate of mental disorders among inmates as opposed to the members of the general population (Bouchard 2004). With the prevailing condition in prisons and among members of the public, the federal government implemented various models to guide the police in responding to incidents involving people with psychological disorders. The programs work in conjunction with the country’s system of criminal justice to promote justice even amongst individuals with mental challenges. First, police officers are required to report the problem at a crisis centre, on realising that the person in question depicts mental disorders. The policy that authorises the operations of such centres focuses on the case of people that do not deny or resist police arrests. Although it is a crucial move towards the administration of justice, one should question what happens to those who resist arrests, yet they depict signs of mental disorders (Steadman et al. 2000). Considering the view that the police have the power to coerce these people into accepting their accusations (Bouchard 2004), it is vital to extend assistance to those that resist arrests. Police-based diversion programs are implemented before or after booking. For pre-booking programs, the police avoid direct arrests and refer culprits to community programs. Furthermore, police officers use innovative practices and training to ensure free access for people requiring mental health services coupled with subjecting them to community service for easy access to relevant rehabilitation. Alternatively, the police can drop such persons in triage centres from where they are referred for appropriate treatment (Steadman et al. 2000). Apart from promoting mental health in correctional facilities, the federal government has implemented a social policy that promotes its responsibility towards caring for the mental health of its citizens. The social policy is so comprehensive that it covers a variety of areas ranging from providing appropriate environmental conditions to conducting national awareness c
The Alcatraz Proclamation has great significance to American history because it highlights the experiences of the American Indians as a marginalized group in the United States during the 20th century. Before the Alcatraz Proclamation, the American Indians underwent through a period of discrimination and marginalization in that the American government bought their native land very cheaply and made it a federal land. Basing on the Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868), which gives the native people the power to reclaim any form of land that is out-of-use, abandoned, or retired so long as it is their native land, the American Indians made a solemn proclamation to reclaim Alcatraz Island (Danver 1031). However, the federal government opposed the reclamation of Alcatraz Island because it wanted the American Indians to assimilate into the American culture and adopt a civilized way of life. Therefore, this essay aims to discuss and describe the qualities and aspects of the Alcatraz Proclamation concerning American civilization history. Given that the American Indians belong to the minority groups in the United States, they experienced racial discrimination and marginalization. Fundamentally, socioeconomic conditions of the American Indians were so poor in that Danver asserts that families survived on income that is “a quarter of the national average and had a life expectancy of 21 years shorter than the national average” (1031). The Alcatraz Proclamation captures the conditions of American Indians by noting that Alcatraz Island was better than their reservations because it had no essential utilities and facilities such as communication infrastructure, freshwater, appropriate sanitation facilities, healthcare facilities, and educational facilities. Moreover, the Alcatraz Proclamation notes that Alcatraz Island lacked industries, and the land was unproductive, and thus, the American Indians lived in abject poverty characterized by high unemployment rates. Hence, the Alcatraz Proclamation is very significant because it depicts the socioeconomic conditions of the American Indians concerning their culture. Analysis of the socio-economic conditions of the American Indians indicates that their culture and reservations contributed to their depraved lifestyles. To empower the American Indians, the federal government displaced them in their ancestral land and relocated them to urban centers so that they could keep in tandem with the civilized world (Danver 1033). The federal government reasoned that if the American Indians continued to stay in remote areas like Alcatraz Island, they would cherish their retrogressive cultural norms and traditions, which prevent them from attaining the civilized status of the contemporary American society. The reasoning made the federal government decline the reclamation request of the American Indians in contrast to the Treaty of Fort Laramie (1