ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Executive summary The airline industry is an industry which is growing to greater levels. This can be attributed to the nature of economic trends plus the growing technological innovations. As an airline, EasyJet seems to be well placed in the kinds of services and products it is providing (Ahlstrom & Garry 2009). Furthermore, experts are predicting excellent growth opportunities for the low cost airline in the near future. However, given the nature of the market and the shortage of other options in Europe, competition is likely to intensify. This paper seeks to evaluate the strategies which will ensure that this company consolidates its position in the airline industry (Anderson 2011). In essence, focus remains on pricing strategy and the expansion of its route network across Europe and even other parts of the globe. In spite of the threats and risks associated with airline travel, this company should strive to accomplish its set objectives which will ensure that it thrives even amidst hostile environments (Ballesteros 2007). Company profile EasyJet is a public limited company which is located in the United Kingdom. In England, this company is registered with the number 3959649. The company’s activities are aimed at offering international air transportation. These services are on a low cost basis. This airline focuses on low cost, financial strengths and on high efficiency. Currently, the company operates in over 27 European. It has over 380 routes. In addition, this company operates on 100 airports all over Europe and carried 51.9 million passengers in 2008. During the financial year 2007/2008, this company recorded a profit of 2.3 million pounds. It is also listed in the London Stock Exchange. This airline company was the brain child of Stelios Haji – Ioannou. The concept of this airline is based on the fact that the following the loosening of the restrictions regarding the airline industry, the demand for the short routes would be on the increase. This was based on the argument that if the airline prices were reduced on these short routes, then the demand for airline travel when it came to short airline routes would also increase (Cameron & Mike 2009). Although this company undertook her first flight in 1995 and operated on two routes, ten years later the company has been able to operate on 212 routes across Europe. This implies that the company was able to launch into 644 destinations within that span or period of time (Jones 2005 ). In 2005, the company had transported over 29 million passengers. Currently, this company operates and boasts of carrying more passengers within Europe than the British Airways. ROCE This is a ration which indicates the rate of return on equity shareholders’ investment. This ration is an index of rate of return of risk takers. Numerator is obtained after meeting dues of all claimants of contractual dues. But the numer
Introduction Bias in the clinical environment is a huge social problem that poses a threat to the professional provision of quality medical services. The staff of the clinical organization, demonstrating a bias towards the patient, endangers not only their health of them but also the reputation of the provider. Taking into account the fact that in today’s world, such an attitude is unacceptable and humiliating to human dignity, it is important to discuss strategies to prevent any manifestations of bias. This essay is aimed at investigating the causes and manifestations of bias in the professional medical environment and a solution that has the potential to inhibit an undesirable phenomenon. The Danger of Bias The phenomenon of bias is an important problem in the modern clinical environment, which must be condemned and discouraged. According to Quinlan (2019), medical bias is defined as a situation in which one party — mainly a healthcare provider — is biased towards its opponent and makes decisions, not in their favor. In practice, such situations are expressed as disrespectful communication with the client, deliberate disregard for the interests of the patient or their family, or demonstrative unfriendly behavior (Agrawal & Enekwechi, 2020). The cognitive purpose of this phenomenon is to show how unpleasant the patient is to the medical staff and how prejudiced and arrogant the professional treats the patient. The situation is especially acute when the bias is manifested by a family practicing nurse, who provides daily patient care. In such terms, it should be recognized that the nurse is a source of medical knowledge for all family members, and inappropriate behavior of the employee has more risks since it is affected by several objects at once. Author’s Bias Despite the existence of a theoretically ideal model of a medical professional devoid of any form of bias, it would be wrong to assume that such behavior is widespread. On the contrary, healthcare professionals are individuals who have their prejudices, opinions, and biases, which should, nevertheless, be inhibited during work. As a family nurse practitioner, the author of this essay has encountered medical bias, whether from colleagues or their own. In particular, the examples concerned the ethnic or religious characteristics of the patient. For instance, the author remains convinced that representatives of Latin American cohorts and Muslim denominations are more likely to be problematic patients who require special care. Muslims seem to be the hardest hit on the choice of a health care provider, so whenever a patient was a member of Islam or a Latin American ethnic group, the author experienced some embarrassment and fear. This may have given rise to an inherently reflexive response to any similar patient, which is not acceptable to
Leadership is understood as the ability of a person to influence people to encourage them to work and to achieve their goals. Senior nurses are leaders who manage difficult situations daily and monitor the patient’s condition. In addition, they perform medical appointments, regulate the flows of those sent for examinations and procedures, and maintain documentation. Leadership plays an essential role in nursing, as it ensures effective teamwork, increases the efficiency of individual medical workers, and reduces the likelihood of professional burnout. This course has significantly expanded my knowledge on the topic of leadership in nursing. I learned that to perform managerial functions successfully, I need to be able to lead my subordinates. Also, this course showed that not every manager, even a technocratic professional, can become a leader. A person who aspires to become a leader should have some qualities, among which one can distinguish honesty, intelligence, self-confidence, and stability of views (Amestoy et al., 2017). Since leadership is inherent in group activities, and nurses are united in a group structure, leadership and management are mutually dependent (Amestoy et al., 2017). The leader should symbolize unity, as a mentor, and support in complex interaction with the leadership and other groups. This course has demonstrated the great importance of effective leadership among nurses. I learned that the leader is obliged to organize and adjust the activities of subordinates, motivate and inspire them, set clear goals for them, and represent the interests of their subsidiaries. As a result of my familiarization with this course, my delivery of patient care has changed for the better. My humanistic understanding of the role of the nurse in the well-being of the patient has increased. I learned to communicate even better with patients, understand their needs and unspoken problems, and perceive the patient’s life as the highest value. I understood the importance of trust between the patient and the nurse and significantly improved communication skills as an individual component of the nurse’s activity. Reference Amestoy, S. C., Trindade, L. D. L., Silva, G. T. R. D., Santos, B. P. D., Reis, V. R. D. S. S., & Ferreira, V. B. (2017). Leadership in nursing: from teaching to practice in a hospital environment . Escola Anna Nery , 21 . Web.
Human mind is a very mysterious issue many scientists want to solve. There is a lot of research where scientists try to understand the nature of human actions, what guides them and how people understand that their actions are appropriate. Reading information devoted to human brain, their behavior and morality, I came across several articles which tried to explain the ties between the mentioned issues. Human mind, decisions and actions are closely interconnected as this is the main difference people have from animals. Looking at human decisions, it also becomes obvious that all people are different and in case one action or decision seems unethical for one person it may seem ethical to another one. Why does it happen? How do people make decisions in accordance with their actions and what do they do if they understand that their behavior seems inappropriate? All these questions are going to be discussed below. Therefore, how is morality connected to human behavior and how is behavior connected to human brain? Considering the problem more attentively, it is possible to draw the following conclusions. First, Rorty assures that people are not born with principles and vision of morality, it is a society that makes them who they are. Remembering the actions of Nazi people, the author says that initially those who acted against humanity were born simple people and the information which was put into their brain affected their understanding of the surrounding world (Rorty 2). Essentially, men in Eastern countries consider women differently than men in Western ones. For many Western representatives the limitation of freedom of Eastern women is immoral. But Eastern men and women do not consider those actions as immoral ones, they were born in such society and it is natural for them. The information people learn from their childhood is kept in human mind and all the actions people do are based on that data. Obviously, the murderers who kill people do it consciously and no matter how cruel it is these people are sure that they act morally due to their personal vision of live, decisions, and actions they take. Emberton has drawn a picture in his article having an intention to illustrate how human decisions depend on their
People cross from one country to another for a number of reasons. There are two main circumstances that define the movement of people from one country to another. People will move across the different borders either voluntarily or involuntarily. When dealing with this topic – refuge movement, most of the movement here is involuntary. Involuntary movement is mainly caused by circumstances that are life threatening. In the event people in a country experiences living conditions that are life threatening, they will opt to move from their home countries to other countries where the living conditions are better. This background information is very important with regards to understanding the current situation facing China and North Korea. The main aim of this paper is to present the current issues facing the movement of people from North Korea to China in a bid to get the United States to pressurize China on the issue of deportation of North Korean refugees from China. China should not be involved in the deportation of North Koreans back to their home country. Instead, the Chinese government should focus on ways to contain the refugees while working things out with North Korea. The negative effects of the movement of people from North Korea into China will form an important part of the arguments which will seek to have China contain the North Korean refugees. It is important for China to understand that sending back the refugees to North Korea does not hold the key with regards to solving the problems that have been presented by the current regime in North Korea. It is important to understand or at least have some background information with regards to the movement of refugees from North Korea into China. This has been on going for a number of years and involves hundreds of thousands of North Koreans. This is not just any other movement, and the figures involved are enough to drop any jaw. The movement has not been happening over the course of the past five years – but since 2000. There are two main reasons that have been cited for this movement by the UNCHR. First off, people are moving from North Korea into China due to food shortages in the country. Secondly, China i
Introduction Leadership is one of the most discussed issues in the contemporary society. According to Liz & Grout leadership is the ability to hold and exercise power and control over subordinates (2011, p. 23). Authority that comes with leadership positions grants the holders a sense of dominance that accords him/her the ability to make decisions (Liz & Grout, 2011, p. 57). It is important to note that leadership applies in many situations; differently according to the context it is applicable. For instance, there is religious leadership, political leadership and corporate leadership. This paper will focus on corporate leadership with special emphasis on Sir Richard Branson’s leadership of Virgin Group and how his leadership applies to corporate America. Corporate leadership that will be the special focus of this paper gained momentum in the last three decades of the 20 th century with the growth the productivity law. Under this law outstanding employees got rewards or honor for their stellar performance. A subsequent evolution of productivity law to the management law laid emphasis on better management of people to increase productivity effectively evolving to the leadership law. Most of the leadership styles and models that exist apply across the board (Green & Cameron, 2008, p. 84). In other words, there are only slight changes in the models when applied especially to political and corporate leadership. Otherwise, the concept is more or less the same. Most scholars contend that models of leadership fall in either democratic, autocratic and laisez faire. Under these models, there exist different styles that mainly stem from the approach an overall leader takes in administering an organization. These styles include transformation leadership, participative leadership, situational leadership and charismatic leadership. Sir Richard Branson belongs to one of the above models and styles. Sir Richard Branson’s Leadership and its effectiveness Branson is the leader of virgin group that comprises of 200 companies with varying business interests. Besides his entrepreneurial spirit and huge appetite for risk, many analysts agree that the Chairman of Virgin Group has distinct and exceptional leadership qualities that clearly distinguish him from other business leaders like Bill Gates and Warren Buffet. According to Deresky, Branson believes that all people regardless of their position in the organizational structure must participate in charting direction of the business entity (2008, p. 187). Branson therefore displays qualities of a democratic leader with a firm belief that his employees are the key to his success. Though Branson controls his entire business empire and also makes most of the decisions, transformational leadership qualities come out through his appreciation of his employees input effectively inspiring them to perform better. The optimal performance of Virgin Group is thanks to Branson’ inspirational democratic leadership that makes his employees feel part of something through words and actions as well as rewards. Branson’s businesses traverse different territories including the United States. The US has traditio
Introduction The discussion of Polygamy in America has caused a great judicial debate regarding its legal status. Now, with the changing societal perceptions regarding same-sex marriages, many people question the illegality of polygamy (Irwi, 2004). 1 This chapter investigates the judicial background informing the illegality of polygamy and the circumstances that led to its prohibition, throughout all 50 states of America. To achieve this objective, this chapter proposes the contribution of the Utah wars, Morill anti-bigamy laws, Edmund Act, Edmund-tucker act, and Reynold vs. United States case as the main factors characterizing the judicial background of polygamy in America. Furthermore, this paper shows the legal position of American laws towards polygamy, and the contradiction that these laws have with religious freedoms and individual liberties (Gallagher, 2006, p. 30). 2 Judicial Background of Polygamy in America Utah War of 1857 – 1858 The Utah war was an armed conflict between the Mormon Church and the U.S government. This war lasted one year, and included civilian casualties from both side of the divide. Even though the war was protracted, it ended through a negotiated agreement between the government and the Mormon Church (Hafen, 1958). 3 The then president, James Buchanan, started this conflict by sending America troops to Mormon territories to control a rebellion in the state of Utah (against the government’s position to ban polygamy) (Hafen, 1958). 4 However, the war turned out to be a mistake by the Federal government, because it gave the Mormons a renewed drive to practice polygamy, at least without any judicial interference, or any interference from the Federal government. This happened because the government was widely criticized for its attack on Utah, especially because they had not properly ascertained accusations that the state was rebelling against the government (Danver, 2011, p. 383). 5 Observers also criticized Buchanan for failing to notify Utah’s governor about the intention of the Federal government to attack the citizens of Utah. These criticisms prompted the government to leave Mormons alone. Indeed, as will be seen from the Morill Anti-bigamy law, the Utah wars of 1857 and 1858 gave Utah a renewed judicial will to practice polygamy. Morill Anti-Bigamy Act President Abraham Lincoln signed the Morill Anti-bigamy Act after the Utah wars of 1857 and 1858 (Gallagher, 2006). 6 Here, it is critical to note that the Mormon debate, and the willingness of prospective presidents to criminalize polygamy, characterized the American presidential elections of the mid and late 1800s. Lincoln rose to power on this promise. Indeed, the failure of President Buchanan to introduce a lasting solution to polygamy gave the new president, Abraham Lincoln, the opportunity to find a lasting solution (legally) to polygamy in America. His
Elephants dance the polonaise, sea lions juggle balls, bears ride bicycles, a tiger jumps through a burning hoop – all these are attractions with four-legged performers that thrill the audience, especially the little ones. Nevertheless, animal rights activists have sounded the alarm because circus tricks are unnatural for wild creatures; they are considered mockery and torture. There should be a thoroughgoing prohibition on the exploitation of animals in circuses, as this issue is contrary to humane treatment and is a direct violation of their rights. Since the 1970s, numerous nations have been setting up laws to treat creatures and guarantee their essential protection. International agreements were concluded, recognizing that animals are sentient beings whose basic needs must be respected and protected (Marino 148). Significantly, the tricks taught to animals for the public’s entertainment have nothing familiar with their natural behavior. The only way to make them obey is to punish and deprive them of food so that the poor starving creature will do anything for a coveted bite (Arnold-Foster 146). Animals must maintain and express behavior specific to their species, and the concept of circuses contradicts this shepherd. Furthermore, the phrase “animal performers” often evokes positive emotions because acting is always associated with romance. However, unlike their human counterparts, animals never voluntarily choose the profession of actor. Circus experience means losing freedom forever, spending 95% of the time alone, in a cramped cage where animals cannot stand up to the full height and turn around (Ward 131). They suffer extensively, but there is nothing they can change because humans are more thoughtful and cunningly use force. It can be concluded that introducing restrictions on the exploitation of animals in the circus is a necessary measure in the current world. Creatures must be permitted to follow their instincts and be in their natural habitat because that is their fundamental freedom. All people must comprehend that the rights of animals must be protected and, therefore, one must refuse to visit performances that have been created through violence and cruelty. Works Cited Arnold-Forster, Tom. “Rethinking the Scopes Trial: Cultural Conflict, Media Spectacle, and Circus Politics.” Journal of American Studies, vol. 56, no.1, 2022, pp.142-166. Marino, Lori. “Commentary: A Belmont Report for Animals? Rights or Welfare?.” Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics, vol. 29, no.1, 2020, pp. 67-70. Ward, Roger. “Living with Animals: Rights, Responsibilities, and Respect by Erin McKenna.” The pluralist , vol.16, no.3, 2021, pp. 130-132.
Introduction Environmental policy includes laws plus policies that address air and water pollution, drinking water quality, oil and chemical spills, smog, land preservation plus management, as well as wildlife protection. It targets to balance environmental protection as well as the conservation of natural resources with other policy objectives, for instance, reasonably priced energy and economic growth. State and Federal rules cover water and air quality, land conservation, waste management, oil and chemical spills, and drinking water quality. Some policies control activities by private persons, organizations or companies. For instance, a company that has to discharge wastewater routinely may require acquiring a federal permit. It would be needed to adhere with rules as well as requirements within the permit in compliance with environmental regulations. The rules and regulations are different in their provisions depending on issues. A concept called oligopoly refers to when few companies control the market. Yet, no single one of them keeps the others from wielding major influence over the sector plus they all sell products a little different. Prices in such a market are average due to the availability of competition. This paper looks at how oligopoly and convention theory are different approaches to economy as well as the proofs that environmental policy has no major impact on economic growth and employment. Discussion Conventional economic theory holds an individual should at all times pay the least possible taxes and wages, charge the maximum price and rent, never give anything away it convenes some hidden potentially over compensatory individual benefit. The beliefs in this theory include sustained economic growth is the path to people’s progress and that free markets lead to the most effective as well as socially optimal distribution of resources. Other beliefs include economic globalization increases economic efficiency, lowers consumer prices, create job opportunities, spurs competition, increases economic growth, as well as consumer choice. The government is believed to have a main responsibility of providing infrastructure needed for advancement of commerce plus enforcement of the rule of law regarding property rights and contracts. The above beliefs have their basis on the assumptions ingrained in the classical economics theories. For instance, human beings are motivated by self-interest which is displayed mainly via a desire for financial gain (Pratt & Valleti, 2021). An action is most beneficial to the society if it results in the most financial return to individuals or firms (Selwyn & Leyden, 2021). Competitive behavior is more reasonable for firms or individuals than cooperative behavior which means that a society must be built based on a competitive cause. Lastl