ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Regardless of the propagation and persistence of requests concerning the process of serving customers, the relationships between the public and the organizations that provide services are impacted by the performance expectations and public priorities (Jos & Tompkins, 2009). For the majority of organizations, the key goals are to mitigate the existence of ineffective merchandise strategies and get rid of the liabilities inherent in the customer segment. Consequently, these public relationships are designed in a way that allows distinguishing between the watchdogs and subjects (experts and customers) and all the other roles that they may take (Jos & Tompkins, 2009). Therefore, it is important to preserve public service values and realize the complexity of relationships among numerous organizational actors within the legal and organizational contexts. Article Critique The authors of the article provided extensive evidence regarding the relationship between an organization and the public. On a bigger scale, Jos and Tompkins (2009) acknowledge that these particular interactions are affected by the government and subsequent policies developed by the executives. The authors discuss the importance of market transactions for the seller-buyer relationship and provide several features that are characteristic of successful organizations. Jos and Tompkins (2009) conducted an extensive literature review and synthesized the findings into a consistent overview of the existing market and the implications that are inherent in it. It is safe to say that the authors of the article performed an in-depth analysis of the consequences of the organization-customer relationships. Further, Jos and Tompkins (2009) actively elaborated on the topic of public transactions and their impact on the basics of customer service. Another pivotal section of the paper includes different types of transactions that are characteristic of public service. The authors of the article outline the key similarities and differences and discuss the problems that may transpire during the transactions. In addition to the comparison of different types of transactions, Jos and Tompkins (2009) accurately evaluated the availability of opportunities and strategies that could be helpful when dealing with public service values. It is important to mention that the authors of the article were able to assess the issue from both the client’s and organization’s perspectives. This is a definite sign of a judgmental approach to the valuation of the existing system and its components. Jos and Tompkins (2009) managed to point out deficit areas and emphasized the importance of a collaborative approach when it comes to preserving customer (public service) values. One of the key findings of the study is that the differences between private and public administration should be distinguished a
Introduction The present and potential future effect of climatic change on malaria is one of the key interests as far as public health is concerned. “The spatial limits of Plasmodium falciparum coupled with its endemicity compared with different historic maps give strange insights into the dynamic global malaria epidemiology over the last century” (Maslin, 2004, p. 31). There will be a comparison of the intensity of the changes to the magnitude of the impacts on malaria endemicity proposed within the future scenarios of the climate. This is related with broadly utilized interventions of public health. The findings were mainly two and to some extend ignored the impacts in relation to malaria and climate change. First and foremost, the broad claims, which state that, the increasing average temperatures have already caused an increase in the global morbidity of malaria and mortality. These two are widely at odds with the decreasing global trends observed in its geographic extent and endemicity. Secondly, the future impacts anticipated of the increasing temperatures on endemicity are to some small extent lesser than the changes seen two centuries ago (Molineaux, 1988). Significance of the Problem There is the likelihood of climate change affecting the transmission of various vector-borne diseases like malaria. In addition, the dynamics of malaria transmission is multi-factorial. It is normally enhanced by different agricultural activities, urbanization, socioeconomic conditions, migration, water availability and measures of intervention and projections founded on the basis of different climatic parameters. All these factors should have been observed with a lot of certainty. Instead, they have been utilized as preparedness guidelines within the susceptible areas to enhance health infrastructures, efficient education in health and the utilization of the perfect present intervention instruments to come with the climate change threat. Purpose of the Study The paper was defining a framework to be used in examining the impact of global warming on malaria. The framework is essential for the sector of public health to establish the risk of malaria within distinct geographic regions and demographics. The disease brings about the concept of third world countries against the developed world on the basis of the variations in the abilities to deal with epidemics originating from climatic change (World Health Organization, 2008). Historical Background of Global Climate Change/Global Warming Approximately 90 percent of malaria cases occur in Africa. Within the past ten years, the malaria incidence has been rising at a tremendous rate. Global warming is likely to result into many impacts on health plus alterations in the seasonal transmission and distribution of vector-borne diseases like malaria. On the contrary, the lev
In the overwhelming majority of cases, the term “crime” is defined as the violation of the rules, established in the society or as the breach of existing legislation. At first, glance, such a definition seems to be quite appropriate. However, it disregards a very important aspect, the cause of crime. It is worth mentioning, that there exists a slightly different view on this issue, we can even say an unorthodox one. Some sociologists and criminologist believe that in 80 percent of all crimes is the normal reaction of the human being to the abnormal conditions of life. This idea seems to be a dom
Introduction Globalization and its impacts on the financial market have drawn a lot of attention over the past few years. Apparently, investing in the global market brings with it both rewards and challenges. It is faced with the issues, such as the need for developed market diversification and the exploration of the emerging markets. In order to effectively address these challenges, it is necessary to take preventive measures, such as the covariance and correlations for different investing styles and venture sectors (Evanoff, Hoelscher, & Kaufman, 2009, p. 72). Discussion Despite the likely risks involved, globalization has proved to have various potential benefits, as seen in many countries across the world. In this respect, it also brings several fresh challenges for policymakers. These difficulties occur in terms of management of financial globalization, so as to fully benefit from the generated opportunities while ensuring the reduction of the implied risks. This is an important factor for consideration, given the fact that the ever-increasing potential benefits of financial globalization are likely to grow over time. Increased level of globalization has also ensured deeper integration of nations leaving governments with limited policy instruments. Therefore, this calls for the need to establish first-class international financial cooperation (Evanoff, Hoelscher, & Kaufman, 2009, p. 183). Diversification is a financial practice through which organizations participate in a wide variety of asset investments with the aim of reducing risks. It depends on the absence of a tight positive relationship between the returns of the asset. It works smoothly if the correlations are close to zero or slightly positive. Due to globalization, several multinational companies have engaged themselves in the diversification of their businesses. In this regard, they have established a number of ways to protect themselves against risks in their host countries. Some of these threats include political turmoil, inflation, and low stock exchanges (Evanoff, Hoelscher, & Kaufman, 2009, p. 241). Diversification has ensured the expansion of remote areas by companies and multinational organizations, which, as a result, helps a lot in spreading the risks further. However, diversification is controlled by market forces and its needs, while its dissatisfaction and inability to meet the trade requirements are associated with the business and greatly affect the last. Most of the multinational companies have a huge asset base, and in order to protect themselves against the risks, they normally insure themselves. Some of them are too huge, actually bigger than most insurance companies (Evanoff, Hoelscher, & Kaufman, 2009, p. 279). Navigating political risks requires a multinational company to assess the information according to which the host country rates its sovereign debt. This is an assumption that is based on the pretext that a threat in a given sphere of business operation cannot make the whole business collapse. The use of financial mar
Understanding Semiotics Semiotics is the study of signs. Just like in linguistics, semiotics study signs, metaphors, analogy, and symbolism. Like linguistics, semiotics has been applied for anthropological purposes. Different signs are associated with specific cultural groups. For example, Meggs identifies Italian and German signs among others. Semiotics has been used in signs that have cultural meaning and sense. For instance, Saussureans’ semioticians were charged with looking beyond text specifications or functional practices. Their goals were to developed relations in signs such as: paradigmatic and syntagmatic, distinctions, artistic rules employed, and connotations. The figure below shows Ratdolt’s Calendarium (Record Book) 1 . It was the first complete book with the title page. Additionally, the book illustrates 60 pictures of eclipses. Both solar and lunar eclipses in the book are in yellow and black prints. During this period, scientists were trying to dispel the fear of nature by creating an understanding of natural phenomena. Eclipses were exposed as part of nature rather than depictions of black magic. The book also shows elements of Ratdolt’s interest in astronomy and Mathematics. Illustrations of Calendarium 2 Push Pin Studios Push Pin Studios came from Push Pin Style. It was developed by hired designers and illustrators under the management of Schwast and Glaser. Part of their marketing strategies was the employment of freelance techniques to capture their market. It was a technique with limited visual relays or “a unity of visual techniques or images, then its attitude about visual communication, openness about trying forms and techniques as well as reinterpreting works from earlier periods” 3 . Their goal was to integrate images and words into a wholesome decoration. Pushpin later found its way across the world under different management bodies. Further inventions made their designs more appropriate during this period. Modernism Period The break from historical or traditional painting; which also can be understood as a rejection of traditional methods, is the start of modernism. Modernism can be defined as the time painters started using definite shapes in the artwork. Cubism technique developed during this period. Modernism started when flat geometric shapes came into existence. Before this period, came the New Art ( Art Nouveau ). Artists were getting inspired more by the natural world. Art Nouveau changed applied art, graphic work, architectural presentations, and illustrations. This art was symbolized by whiplash and sinuous lines. It met
Summary Organizational leaders raise their company’s competitiveness by overseeing monetary execution and setting moral standards in the work environment. Moral leaders impact their workers’ mental strengthening through social learning measures. Moreover, it is crucial to promote societal norms and ethical learning to ensure the workers’ mental well-being and the satisfaction of the clients (Dust, Resick, Margolis, Mawritz, & Greenbaum, 2018). A moral initiative can forestall organization outrages, moral quandaries, and ethical issues in the long perspective. It can likewise help associations acquire organizations and clients, prompting more cash by the end of the day. Steadfast workers are a pivotal component of long-term accomplishment for a business. The given scenario illustrates how one company’s ethics can be questioned from the point of different philosophical theories. A Nonfictional Leader with Exemplary Ethical Conduct Gary Hirshberg’s management as CEO of Stonyfield Farm, the world’s largest natural yogurt maker, poses a remarkable example of a great leader with ethical principles at work. Stonyfield Farm became known as an ally of the ecologically friendly planet mission under his administration (Saha, Shashi, Cerchione, Singh, & Dahiya, 2019). He led the company to sustainability and set an example for other dairy-producing organizations. The sides which make him an ethical leader are his intention to serve the public with honesty and integrity and a fair attitude towards his workers. Hirshberg’s actions and managing strategy are always open to the public and are ethically correct. He treats people equally, which is a fundamental moral duty component (Saha et al., 2019). Ethical leaders will regard everybody, from their bosses to their workers, similarly. Not demonstrating appreciation for the effort of the individuals can rapidly establish a hostile or threatening workplace. This way, it is possible to lose trust and make issues inside the association. Not indicating a similar degree of regard can make individuals believe they are being treated unreasonably and can cause difficulties in the work environment. Hirshberg knows how to lead the correspondence to ensure their association is in a position of trust and trustworthiness. Without equality, issues can go undetected for quite a while. This can make antagonism and doubt in my association. Leaders who have moral conduct have a remarkable resemblance that is straightforward and open with everyone in their association. This is seen through no synthetics and feasible cultivating (Saha et al., 2019). The CEO ensured that Stonyfield Farm items are natural, and they center around the strength of the cows, the workers, and their clients. The Deontological and Consequentialist Approach to The Scenario The two ethics measurement theories, consequentialist, and deontologist would assess the situation from distinct points which could cause contrary results. The consequentialist view would look a
Multitasking stands for a person’s attempt to focus on several activities at the same time. Most commonly, multitasking is practiced for the purpose of saving time because it creates an impression that the tasks are completed faster when they are worked on simultaneously. However, many scientists, researchers, and psychologists agree that multitasking is not beneficial for the doer and instead of speeding up the completion of the tasks makes the multitasker lose focus and work slower than if they were working on just one activity. In that way, even though multitasking makes the working process appear faster, it can lead to the loss of focus because none of the tasks receive full attention, the level of stress of the doer is elevated due to constant switching between activities, and the atmosphere of rush that diminishes the doer’s productivity. One of the main features of multitasking is the need to divide one’s attention between several activities. As a result of this dynamic, none of the tasks on which the multitasker works tend to receive his or her full attention. In turn, working on several activities simultaneously impairs the doer’s attention and makes him or her miss details of their tasks. Some of such details overlooked due to multitasking can turn out to be very important for the overall success of the task and the quality of its result. This is why single-tasking could be more beneficial in terms of quality. Moreover, multitasking contributes to the elevation of the level of stress experienced by the multitasker. This tendency occurs due to the ongoing switching between several different activities causing the doer to change their thought process, concentration, and pace of working. In addition to these adjustments, the multitasker also has to adapt to a new task with every switch, thus forcing his or her brain to get used to new types of information and activities again and again (Tugend 728). As a result of this pattern, the doer becomes stressed out much faster than they would be while working on a single task. While working on several tasks at the same time, an individual loses their productivity along with the time spent on the switching. In particular, the switch may only take a couple seconds, but as multitasking goes on, the time will add up resulting in a lengthy period lost just to the shift of activities (Tugend 727). In that way, by the end of the day, a multitasker tends to lose a lot of time doing practically nothing which could be spent in a much more efficient manner. Some may notice that while multitasking, people tend to work faster than they would while doing a single task. This tendency is true and was noticed by researchers (Tugend 727-728). Trying to fit the completion of several tasks in a short period of time, one would work quicker. Additionally, multitasking can create a perceived atmosphere of rush making the multitasker believe that they are more productive. This is why multitasking can be a preferred option for many individuals. Multitasking is a common practice that includes focu
The article “Disney’s Dolls” by Kathi Maio is, perhaps, the brightest example of evaluation of the art created for children if the reader were to hold a suffragist point of view. The author evaluates cartoons, animated by Disney studio, from her own, subjective point of view. Touching upon the question of chauvinism to females on the screen, Kathi chose to express her views on the matter through criticism of movies sacred for a young watcher. Keeping in mind that contemporary civilized society considers it rather fashionable to sympathize with feminists, I would like to take a neutral position when evaluating Kathi Maio’s creativity. The following text is not meant to offend somebody’s feelings or to encourage gender discrimination. In 1937, Walt himself and his magnificent coworkers at the Disney studios in Burbank, California, brought into being Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, the first full-length animated movie. The film was of a rare success that left a charming public longing for more. And more is what they got. After a thrilling story of Snow White, the stories of Pinocchio (1940) and Dumbo (1941) followed. They were the films that kids and adults could enjoy, but whose innocent and always wholesome messages were directed towards children. From Pinocchio came Jiminy Cricket’s immortal: “When you wish upon a star as dreamers do, your dreams come true.” In the same movie, children heard Pinocchio being told that the greatest virtues were to be “brave, truthful, and unselfish.” (Giroux, 1999). All this teaches children to follow characters’ best deeds and never repeat their mistakes. But let us get back to female characters. The popularity of the image of a heroine in Disney cartoons, ice shows, and Walt Disney World theme parks makes them the most recognizable fairy tale characters. This study of the Disney heroine looks at her in terms of her position in the kingdom she lives in (or a village, as for example Beauty), her relations to witches, parents, and negative characters (villains), and her acting in a genre largely shaped by film music and the tale itself (Do Rozario, 2004). The princess (or any other female image) is a fairytale staple of a kind girl, who never does any harm to people and animals surrounding her. In spite of wars, revolutions, processes of cultural globalization, this image has remained unique and exceptional. Some folk researchers have intended to reveal her beautiful appearance as a stereotype, her good-natured sole as submissiveness, but still, she stays the same princess (Snowhite, Cinderella, Beauty, and Mermaid) whom we got used to admiring since our childhood. Walt Disney collected different heroine images in the animations by his studio, and, as a matter of fact, it should be said, that this image could be rated as “The Princess of Princesses”. The fact is that kids have their own ties based on emotional memories
Introduction The assessment activity was performed at the educational facility; Social Context of Health and Ageing was chosen for the reflection. It consisted of a critical analysis of the information available from academic texts followed by a focused inquiry on a topic of interest and mandatory forums. Combined, the activities’ worth was 100% of marks. Was the assessment sustainable? Norcini et al. (2011) point out that there are seven criteria for a good assessment. The assessment is coherent and valid, but its reproducibility might be too complicated for those organisations unfamiliar with its design or not experienced in it. I believe that there are no equivalents to the assessment, and its feasibility, therefore, can be compromised. Its feasibility and educational effect are not satisfactory because they do not contain enough tasks for effective training of test takers. It is worth noting that participation in the forums supported reflective learning. Did the assessment assist you to develop informed judgement? Only partially. The assessment encouraged using critical skills or evaluating information as it was based on the analysis of academic literature. However, no guidelines were available for the evaluation of the reliability of the sources or the applicability of the obtained information in the forums. In general, these assignments did not help me create informed judgement because they had contained information that I did not find necessary for critical thinking. Did the assessment construct reflexive learners? The forums provided the ability to construct reflexive learners because they prompted the discussion and, by extension, reflection among the participants. However, if the instructor could emphasise the importance of our attitude towards information and give us several tasks that would capitalize reflection, the assessment would be more effective. In addition, we experienced disruptions in the learning process, and the forums themselves did not require deep consideration aside from the ability to present the findings. Did the assessment form you as the becoming practitioner? It appeared to me that there were no particular goals in the assessment that focused on my development as a becoming practitioner. Theoretically, the literature review and forums were helpful because they gave me information and insights. However, practically they were unable to reflect the values of the lecturer that they might want to pass to their students (Bearman et al. 2014). It also appeared to me that the units did not have a common topic or theme that could indicate their relation to each other. I think the assessment lacked practicality, and that was the reason why it could not form me as a becoming practitioner. What could be done to modify the task to better achieve these criteria/principles? The task should focus on the following changes:  1. It needs more practicality. It would be better for the tasks to refer to specific problems and cases we are expected to face in the future. However, the analysis would benefit