ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Literature Review Situational Questionnaires While filling out the situation questionnaire, specific emphasis is placed on the analysis of situations the interviewees could face in various settings. At this point, Deinzer et al. (1995) assert that situation has a potent impact on the individual’s traits and behavior. Latent forms of expression and exposition, therefore, could be revealed by means of situational questionnaire. In addition, Isaksen et al. (2001) focuses on the role of situational outlook questionnaire in improving or hampering the creative thinking among learners. The findings have revealed that learners rely on their experience while presenting their attitude to an academic process. Behavioral Questionnaire Behavioral psychology has a long history because it allows the researchers to identify the main aspects of social cognition. Therefore, introducing behavioral questionnaires provides a greater understanding how individuals respond to certain factors (Rath et al., 2013). Introducing behavioral questionnaires to the participants of the study contributes to self-evaluation of performance and other characteristics. Analysis of spatial intelligence is also crucial for understanding which skills, experiences, and abilities could be measured by means of behavioral questionnaire (Eliot & Czarnolewski, 2007). In particular, the fact that spatial intelligence influences human behavior is obvious because it allows the researchers to measure how participants could characterize and describe various objects. Great Man Theory According to the Great Man theory of leadership, people should have innate skills that will allow them to lead and manage the personnel. At this point, Cawthon, (1996) stresses that people should be born to be leaders although there is still the probability of acquiring new skills and experiences to become a good supervisor. In addition, understanding the main aspects of charismatic leadership provides new perspectives on successful management in a business setting (Wyner, 2009). Management Transactional Theory Efficient leaders should introduce specific programs for their subordinates to motivate and develop their self-interests. At this point, Othman et al. (2013) focus on the role of transactional management in enhancing organizational commitment of employees to prove that there is a positive correlation between those. Organizational performance is also among the aspects that directly relate to transactional leadership. In particular, Hargis et al. (2011) underscore the positive influence of transactional leadership on employees’ engagement and job performance. Therefore, the potential results of the participants can also depend on the researchers’ leadership qualities. Qualitative research Credibility The credibility of the questionnaires under analysis relies on the availability and objectivity of the participants involved into the interview. Therefore, due to the fact that all the proposed questions and tasks have been accurately measured, the given study
Introduction One of the most important business discoveries in the twenty-first century is green supply chain management. This involves green business, the greening of the environment, and a reshuffle of the entire manufacturing of products in order to protect the environment and the important ecosystem. Producing a product is exploitation of the environment. This is a harsh reality that we have to accept. And it’s time we give credit to businesses and conscience-stricken businessmen for making the step of caring for the environment. Raw material for a product comes from the environment. The process of extracting raw materials requires a complicated process using technological means, and sometimes with the use of chemical and hazardous substances. Production involves processing the extracted raw material to create a product. This stage alone produces dioxin, the most poisonous substance, released to the atmosphere that will be inhaled by workers and their families, and the community population where the factory is located. Green supply chain was introduce, taking into consideration the initial stages – the planning and design, production and manufacturing, transport and delivery, until the disposal of the product. Recycling can be one of the methods of disposal, but Annie Leonard (The Story of Stuff Project) says recycling is not enough: it does not address the core element of the problem. Recycling addresses only one percent of the waste products; while 99 percent of the products become trash and are fed to incinerators and landfills. This is again one of the most dangerous parts. The problem of supply chain and environmental abuse has become complicated that a simple solution is not enough. Hypothesis The environment must be a primary concern of businesses and organizations. Green supply chain and green supply chain management are significant in reducing environmental abuse. Background Literature on green environment and green engineering tells us that global warming and climate change are two environmental phenomena that threaten the Earth’s existence. Pollutants are everywhere – dioxins, hydrocarbons, photochemical oxidants, and many other gas toxins are found in manufacturing plants and industries, power plants, and vehicles. The world’s atmosphere is a ticking time bomb. (Health and Safety Executive) Firms of the twenty-first century have realized that the environment has to be considered while the process of production is still in the planning stage. The environment is top priority. Green supply chain will make the business prosper and succeed. There were various triggers of change that required action from organizations, e.g. the industrial revolution, the rise of retailers and multinationals, consumerism, and globalization. All these focused on production of a multitude of products threatening the environment. Globalization has ma
Background In major cities across the world, Topman is unreservedly known as the retailer of choice when it comes to fashion-forward menswear brands. Topman is part of the Arcadia Group and has over 175 attractive stores worldwide that stock a whole assortment of products for men, ranging from clothing to shoes and accessories. Founded in London in 1970 and owned by Sir Philip Green and Family, Topman often corroborates with young designers such as Kim Jones and Peter Jensen to provide designs and labels that are intended to offer a new approach to menswear retailing (Balmond 4). Although the company boasts of state-of-the-art flagship stores, particularly in the United Kingdom, it recently diversified into online stores and has invested heavily to sustain its online presence. Topman’s main competitors for the heavily segregated market include River Island, H&M, and Primark. Market Segment/Bases Geographic   * Store Location: The Grove, Los Angeles, CA (United States; Zipcode 90036)   * Region: West Coast, California, Los Angeles   * Population Density: Urban, 3,850,000+   * Climate: the Mediterranean, benchmarked by cool, rainy winters interspersed with dry summers. Demographic   * Age: Topman targets young fashion-conscious customers within the age group of 18-35 years (“Arcadia Responsibility Report” 6)   * Gender: Topman exclusively serves male clientele   * Household Size: Owing to the relatively young age of Topman’s customers, the household size is pegged at 2+ as most male customers are either engaged or beginning to set up a family.   * Income: The clothing brand mostly serves high-street youthful clientele with average income levels of $50,000+   * Occupation: Most customers are either from rich family backgrounds or employed in white-collar occupations.   * Education: Most customers have acquired a college education. Sociocultural   * Culture: Although most of the store’s customers are American, the management has taken the initiative to serve customers from diverse cultures depending on the capacity of the store to satisfy the needs and expectations of these diverse customers (Gilligan & Wilson 343). More importantly, the area
The birthplace of Hitler was Braunau. This was an insignificant town found in Austria. He was born to Alois Hitler, his father and Klara Hitler, his mother who was a third wife to Alois Hitler. Adolf Hitler was a very bright student. He did very well at primary school and seemed to have secured a strong foundation for a bright academic future as he grew. At school, he had fame and pupils envied the qualities of leadership that they saw in him. Adolf was also religious to the extent that he thought and considered the possibility of him becoming a monk (Toland, 16). In the secondary school, academic competition was tough for him. When he discovered that he could not excel in classwork, he stopped trying. Adolf Hitler became stubborn. He never listened to the counsel of his seniors who encouraged him to continue with education. His father, Alois was disturbed and disappointed by his son. He had thought that Hitler would emulate him and become a member of the Austrian military once he finished school (Nicholls, 23). Everything about Hitler started changing. His fame with other students started to fade away as they started dismissing him as one of their leaders. He became bossy because he gave orders and spent most time with small pupils. He was into games that involved fighting, bullying, and harassing. He only liked Leopold Potsch among other teachers. Potsch was Hitler’s history master. His teacher liked many people who lived in Upper Austria because he was a German nationalist. The teacher taught his students about the wars won by German in early 1870s. The chancellor of the German Empire, Otto von Bismarck, was one of Adolf Hitler’s early historical heroes. The other main interest he had in school was art. His father was shocked when Hitler told him that he wanted to pursue a course in art (Waters, 135). At the age of fifteen, he was incompetent in academics, and his performance in exams was pathetic. He did not like the idea when he was told to repeat. He successfully persuaded his mother to drop out of school without a secondary education certificate. He had no vision because instead of feeling bad, he celebrated by drinking. Nonetheless, this experience was not satisfying, and he swore to refrain from drinking (Waters, 136). On receiving the inheritance from his father’
Ethics is widely defined as the knowledge of conduct. It is the assessment of human behavior while referring to their deeds thus includes the correct and wrong that occurs in their life. Ethics also captures the aspect of a tendency to do good or evil. It is essential to understand the restrictions of moral codes, principles and standard in our fields. One should also know how well to address pertinent ethical dilemmas. One comes across various issues in life that might confirm or challenge their ethical understanding and reasoning. As a practitioner, it is central to recognize the influence individual beliefs, artistic values, environment, social identity, and biases have on individual views, theoretical viewpoints, perspectives, and professional activities. For one to make well-considered pronouncement about the responsibility of moral principles in general psychology, it is indispensable to acquire knowledge in personal worldview and multicultural perspectives. This helps an individual improve on the skills already acquired in school, thus more understanding. Supplementary skills are fundamental concepts that will make an individual recognize the adjoining environment in which he is in association with. Having a better understanding of the present environment improves the relationship between individuals. There are also supplementary steps and formula to complete that will enable one to comprehend and apply sound principled reasoning to address multicultural and principled issues and dilemmas concerning broad psychology. From my personal assessment of ethics in widespread psychology, I view ethics as the moral demeanor of an individual. This includes both moral and immoral deeds of a person; this is far much a detailed perception of human life. I also assess ethics as the knowledge of proper decision and conduct. This is because an individual is judged from the demeanor and this decision must be on a moral basis. The potency of principled codes, main beliefs and standard is that they give practitioners a structure within which to work. They also proscribe certain activities that help determine if a practitioner’s conduct was adequate (Lozano, 2001). They enable the patients grasp an idea of what to anticipate or demand from the practitioner. These also do ensure practitioners have reliability in their ethical behaviors on the same professional context. The weaknesses of moral codes, principles and standard are that they might make professionals break away from community scrutiny as they are monopolistic. They might be used as synthetic public relations tool and for rationalizing of professionals. Th
Introduction Public-private cooperation is one of the most important developments that have occurred in modern history (Spackman, 2002). The policy-making of governments and the innovation capacity of the private sector create a valuable combination. There are several ways in which the public and private sectors collaborate. The ultimate goal in these endeavors is relayed to citizens and the consumers. Governments have been known to facilitate the establishment of the private sector (Gerrard, 2001). On the other hand, the private sector is a major component that finances government functions through tax. China and Australia are two of the most powerful nations in the world. The former is known as the sleeping giant that has awakened and starting to rise as a superpower. The latter is a model of consistency and founded on strong political and economic fundamentals. China and Australia, however, have contrasting government policies. Australia is more liberal and influenced by the Western form of government. China has been practicing socialism and has started opening a once closed government. The effects of policies provided by China and Australia are evident in the development of each country’s private sector. Australia has an established private sector because of the nation’s Western roots. China is different because government control is an established fact. The difference in the policies provides an interesting topic for discussion. To specify the process, the next discussions will focus on two elements: oil and education. These two aspects are valued in both countries and provided with government and private attention. Government-Private Sector Cooperation Guo and Li (2005) enumerated some of the most compelling government policies that changed the private sector. The primary action implemented by the government is related to legislation. Specific amendment to China law involves the expansion of private ownership. Owners are protected from the encroachment of private property. In provinces, local governments have started opening their economies to private developers. The initial goal of these local authorities is to improve the private sector environment. Rules on investments and other related activities have been adjusted. A working paper authored by Gwartney, Lawson, and Holcombe (1996) provided some insights as to the value of government intervention in a state. Based on some figures presented, the Australian government has increased outlays by 16% from 1960 to 1996. The Australian government has recognized the value of media in the economy. Hence, the Broadcasting Services Act of 1992 came into existence (Livingston, 1994). The policy was important because it promoted private participation. Firms that started erecting broadcast stations were accorded with privileges and other perks. Both China and Australia have valued the role of the private sector. Chinese legislations are crucial in opening the economy. But it has to be noted that China remains conservative with the government implementing various control methods. Australia has established legislation and improved focus on the role of the private sector. The lack of control, ho
Introduction The painting Jungle Fun by Sophie Harding stirs childlike emotions at first sight. If the print seems like it is out of a colorful children’s book, it is because the unique artist creates imagery that is commonly used in illustrations and decorations for that age group. Despite the painting’s superficial simplicity, there is an extraordinary depth to the creation and use of such artistic media. Harding uses Naïve Art as a creative style to portray a community of animals using simplicity form that can be easily perceived by children. Body When looking at the painting, it is vividly stimulating to the human senses. As any impressionable work of art, it profoundly absorbs the viewer into its fictional magical world. By emerging oneself into the abstract painting, it becomes easier to imagine the indescribable beauty which the artist has attempted to portray masterfully. It is like you are standing the midst of a tropical oasis on a hot day under the scorching sun. As in any jungle climate, it is overwhelmingly humid, leaving a dense moist smell in the air. Palm trees tower above, taller than the lanky giraffes, creating some shade from the piercing rays of sunshine. They can be seen thickly growing far into the rolling hills on the horizon. Flurry clouds stand out in the perfectly clear blue sky, making them look like soft floating pillows which are carried by the whirling wind. Surrounded by exotic wildlife of various species and types, one can hear the intricate sounds which give them away. There is a distant shriek of a bird or the flapping of majestic flamingos as they land on the water. Near the refreshing oasis, the baby elephant is making splashing noises while playfully spraying the mother with water. The rich texture of the oasis in the painting is realistic, showing gentle ripples radiating from every slight disturbance in the standing water. No matter where you look, there is a dazzling blend of colors from distinct pigmentation of the wildlife to sophisticated hue patterns emitting from the flowers. It is like a rainbow has been gracefully drawn through the jungle with a light stroke of an artist’s worn brush. It is important to examine the artistic style used by Harding. Naïve art is a simplistic form of illustration that is common for artists without formal training. It is straightforward, lacking sophistication. That is reflected both in its form and content. As a result, its execution can be described as childlike since it closely mimics a type of art that a child would produce. However, that does not imply a lack of mastery on behalf of the artist, but rather their intention. Some great artists such as Henri Rousseau and André Bauchant utilized this controversial style, referred to as “modern primitivism” (“Naïve Art”). Despite adhering to this artistic style, Jungle Fun is somewhat complex. There are a variety of layers that can be seen as animals are positioned behind plants or in various positions to each other. There is an extraordinary amount of detail i
The case under analysis is closely connected with the issue of employment discrimination and aspects of retaliation; the main question, being related to the study of Burlington Northern & Santa Fe Railway Company v. Sheila White, is aimed at clarification of adverse employment actions; the main purpose of the case analysis is to study the following points:   * The anti-retaliation provision of the title VII confining to activities which influence conditions and terms of employment;   * Harmful effects of the adverse employment actions. The case concerns Sheila White who was considered to be the only woman to have worked at the department of Burlington Northern & Santa Fe Railway Co. She appeared to be the victim of sexual harassment complaining about the case and making her supervisor be involved in special training. Despite this White was completely taken off her duty being reassigned to less desirable tasks and taking another position. Being unsatisfied with such a matter of facts she complained to the Commission of Equal Employment to prove the illegal side of reassignment and showing the aspects of workplace discrimination and retaliation connected with a sexual harassment complaint. The complaint made by White resulted in the woman’s 37-day insubordination suspension; the facts showed that the woman had not been insubordinate and as a result, the company gave her back pay for 37 days. White’s lawsuit against Burlington was explained by unlawful retaliation. The case was disclosed through title VII of the Civil Rights Act, 1964; White’s complaint was grounded by the position of the civil American law protecting employment rights. Applicable Legal Rules and Observations According to title VII of the Civil Rights Act, the employees are protected from employment discrimination and retaliation in case of their complaint in accordance with Federal EEOC standards. The case covered the elements of gender-based discrimination and retaliation. The Supremes analyzed the case passing the verdict in the woman’s favor and awarding her about $43,500 as damages compensation and $3,250 as medical expenses. The judgment was reversed by the Sixth Circuit panel; the decision was criticized by the Court of Appeal through inappropriate legal standards. The question concerns the issue of whether the employer can be held liable under Title VII for any change of materially adverse character considering the employment system, or for any ultimate employment decision. In accordance with the Court conclusions, adverse actions are considered to be “those actions that would have been materially adverse to a reasonable employee or job applicant” (Perritt, 2006) Taking into account the definition provided it should be noted that the employer’s action is of materially adverse character in case it is harmfully causing dissuading to a worker from support or making discrimination charge. It is important to stress that the decision of the Supreme Court in Burlington Northern implied the availability of compensatory d