ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Background Merchants have to decide whether to detain a suspected shoplifter for some period to investigate or let him or her go. Either way, the storeowner would risk losing their merchandise or being held liable for unlawful detention. In such circumstances, only the actual commission of a crime would absolve a storeowner of tortious liability related to wrongful arrest (McInnes & Simpson, 2018). Therefore, even when a merchant has reasonable suspicion of shoplifting, an unlawfully detained shopper can file a lawsuit for false detention. The current case revolves around claims of false arrest and holding of a suspected shoplifter. Ms. Patricia Holguin entered the Sally Beauty Supply store with a reusable canvas shopping bag. The retailer had not displayed signs prohibiting the use of such totes (“Holguin v. Sally Beauty Supply,” 2011). Patricia picked up a bottle of hair mousse, placed it in her shopping bag, and approached the counter to inquire more about the item from the cashier. However, the store’s assistant manager motioned Patricia to stop, accusing her of theft. He explained to her that once she placed the mousse in her bag, she was stealing. Consequently, she was detained until the police came, and on declining to sign a ‘no trespass’ card and confess being guilty of shoplifting, she was arrested. Ms. Patricia was never charged for shoplifting or the charges were later withdrawn. Nonetheless, she sued the store on a personal injury claim at the district court. The charges were false imprisonment for allegations of shoplifting and malicious trial (“Holguin v. Sally Beauty Supply,” 2011). The judge dismissed the lawsuit; he held that t
Importance of Influencing the Lives of Young Children and their Families An interview is an exceptional tool for researching situations that require substantial details about the point of view of the participants. This interview was carried out on four parents to find out information on selected ten elements that were necessary for a child to achieve a good start in life. The factors identified in this paper are play, music, reading, touch, care, self-esteem, safety, interaction, communication, and relationships. These items formed the theme of the interviews. Therefore, the questions for the interview revolved around the ten factors. The answers to the interview questions were recorded in the form of notes. Audiotapes were also used to facilitate note-taking. The following issues formed the introductory protocol. Only authorized people had access to the data collected. This was a requirement since the data collected was treated as confidential. The involvement of the parents was voluntarily, thus, no one was compelled to answer the questions. Furthermore, the respondents might stop answering the questions any time they wished if they felt that they had given sufficient information or the questions we’re getting too personal. Lastly, the interviewer and the questions on the questionnaire were not meant to inflict any form of harm to the respondents. The period for the interview was 12 hours with the time to be spent by one interviewee being a maximum of two hours. The questions were presented to the interviewees and they were allowed to answer them within the given period. The interviewer reserved the right to interrupt the respondent whenever it was necessary to save time. Before answering the questions, the respondents were informed on why they had been selected for this particular interview. For one to be called a parent, he/she should have brought up a child and therefore, the individual was the most appropriate person to answer the questions. This was then followed by the reasons for the study that indicated what exactly the research was trying to achieve. The reason for this research was to identify the factors that needed to be available for a child to grow up well. The respondents were also informed of the intended use of the information that was collected. It was also necessary to collect information on the background of the interviewee before the main questions. This included the current position held by the interviewee at the workplace. The respondent also gave their highest level of education attained. Additionally, they were asked to state the number of children they had, the current situation (growth stages) of the children, and what plans they had for the children. The questions for the interview were mainly revolved on their experience on what children required to grow up well. They were allowed to focus on the ten factors or they might give their account of what they found out as necessary. They responded to their own experience of what children
Interactive Online Game: A Response What seemed to be quite a simple quest set in the context of nursing turned out a challenging task with several quests to undergo and social strategies to think over. Even though I tried the game two times, the maximum result returned was 6 people (the minimum being 2). Although the communication issues, which played a great role in the first attempt at attracting more people to the idea of a training program, in accordance with the existing sources (Schmidt & Brown, 2012), were finally resolved, due to careful speculations regarding the people who could actually have an impact on the process of program promotion. Perhaps, one of the major mistakes that have been made in the course of recruiting the followers of the idea for the given program to be put to practice concerns the fact that they need to expand was underestimated greatly. Instead of adding more people to the list of newly made friends, I spent much time talking to the principal, which returned in a considerable loss of time and points. In addition, without having other people interested in that I had to offer, a number of activities, such as Presentation, Training Workshops or Demonstration, were blocked from use for me. Finally, the significance of mass media was also underestimated, which affected the results greatly. The given experiment teaches that, when it comes to a health program promotion, it is crucial to appreciate every new member and try to attract as many newcomers as possible. By expanding social relationships, one can gain enough support to change the current state of public healthcare system (Cronquist & Spector, 2011). Response to the Post I: Better than Expected With an impressive score of ten to eleven adopters of the idea of introducing a new training program, the post written by Janet Tatoo deserves paying attention to. When analyzing the mistakes that she made in the course of the game, Janet specified communication issues among the key stumbling blocks on her way to winning the people in the game over. Another issue that Janet mentioned concerns getting priorities straight. Similar to my problem, the given issue concerns the choice of people who can possibly assist in attracting larger audience to the presentation, the further program establishment and the program itself. However, it seems that Janet did pretty well, since she employed an efficient method by incorporating media in order to convince the public. Response to the Post II: When Failure Is Growth The second post that I read was much closer to the results that I acquired in the process of the game, which, quite honestly, made me feel much better about myself and my performance. According to the details of the post, the communication issue seems to have played a major role
Introduction Musicians make use of words and instruments to convey certain messages through their songs. The listener is made to develop certain feelings about the situation that the song is addressing. Personally, I enjoy a variety of music from various artists. Three of my favorite songs are Fast Car by Tracy Chapman, Where is the Love by Black Eyed Peas, and People Help the People by Birdy. In this paper, I shall analyze these songs to determine how effective the artists are in communicating their messages through their respective songs. Use of Lyrics in my Favorite Songs The lyrics to the three songs talk about relationships of different kinds. In “Fast Car”, Tracy Chapman talks about the relationship among family members as well as between a man and a woman. She reveals that the relationship among family members is full of sacrifices as she herself is forced to sacrifice going to school so that she can provide for her father. Chapman also observes how relationships between men and women are based on assisting each other in some way. The Black Eyed Peas talk about the relationship between human beings in general. They lament how people do not express love in their actions and treatment of one another. Instead of showing love, the world is full of violence and deceitfulness as people destroy and exploit each other. Birdy’s song states that relationships among human beings should be characterized by assisting each other. She asserts that people should lend a helping hand to the ones who are in need. The artists in the three songs make use of certain words to express emotions. Corbin and Dawn (2009) observe that these emotive words help the communicating parties to convey emotions and evoke certain feelings in the listener. Chapman uses the words such as belonging, and wrapped to convey the feelings of love and care that she felt. By using these words, the listener is able to gain a better understanding of the events that Chapman describes in her song. The Black Eyed Peas make use of emotive words such as irate, animosity, and colder to communicate emotions. These words help demonstrate how the world is devoid of love and how people have become selfish. The feeling of desolation that the artists are trying to convey is properly brought out to the listener through these words. Birdy makes use of words such as homesick, cold as a stone, and loneliness to express a number of emotional states and maintain powerful emotional states in the listener. The words are able to communicate the self-centeredness of some people in the world. How Issues are Addressed in the Songs My favorite songs address a number of issues that are of social significanc
Introduction Child labor can be defined as a set of inappropriate activities for the age of a child. This labor negatively influences children’s health, harms their physical and mental development, and distracts them from school learning and regular children’s spare time activities. International Labor Organization defines this term as a work that subtracts children from their childhood and their dignity and normal growth (International Labor Organization, 2020). However, not all work that children produce can be named child labor and is harmful to their health and emotional stability. It is essential to examine the border between safe and dangerous labor and compare arguments for and against the prohibition of all forms of child labor in manufacturing. Safe Labor Several types of labor refer to children’s activities. For example, children may participate in work that does not harm their development and wellness and does not affect their schooling (International Labor Organization, 2020). These can be such activities as helping parents and relatives to clean the house, helping in maintaining a family business, and other activities. In addition, the child can earn their own pocket money outside the house during his weekends or holidays. These activities facilitate the child’s mental and physical development as well as contribute to his well-being. They might give essential life skills and prepare children for their future. Therefore, this type of child labor is safe and facilitates development, as well as provides experience. The boundary is very obscure because the usage of the term “child labor” depends on the child’s age, type of work, durability, and the conditions where the work is performed. The Worst Forms of Child Labor These forms suggest a harmful influence of work on a child’s organism, physical appearance, and mental health. These sorts of work include children’s enslavement, separation from their parents, and is subject to serious illnesses up to death. Children that participate in this labor are often abandoned and left in the streets of cities and countries in which they were taken (International Labor Organization, 2020). Moreover, kids who managed to escape have no opportunity to return home without money, and they have to become vagabonds. The worst forms of child labor include slavery practices and all sorts of slavery, for example, sale and trafficking (International Labor Organization, 2020). Children may be taken for various purposes, including forced labor and participation in armed conflic
Introduction United Arab Emirates’ natural environment is characterized by animals, which have adapted to harsh climatic conditions like insufficient water in the country. When people think of this environment, it is possible to visualize the life of these animals with regard to their survival techniques in a habitat that is full of natural challenges. Despite the fact that the country is covered with a large desert, its water is home to numerous species of animals, distinct from those found on the mainland ( UAE Interact 2012). This report analyses the marine life in the UAE, covering detailed information about the various species of animals found in the region and their adaptation to the unique environment. To achieve this task, the report is divided into segments, including but not limited a summary, detailed analysis and conclusion. Summary UAE enjoys rare treasure originating from the Oman Gulf. This attracts diverse, especially in the Musandam region, extending to the Straits of Hormuz. Despite the fact that the country has a rich marine, only a few people who reside along the UAE’s coastline get to experience the value and beauty of sea life naturally. However, the majority of people enjoy seal life through meals prepared from sea animals. It is worth noting that marine life in UAE has continued to suffer and experience a myriad of challenges emanating from human activities ( Marine Life of the UAE 1999). Since most people in the country do not interact with sea animals in their natural habitats, there is poor management and care given to these helpless animals. For instance, pollution of water and careless dumping leave UAE water unfit for marine life. Additionally, overfishing and continuous dependence on these resources have stretched marine ecosystems beyond their ability to support human life (George & John 2005). It is equally important to mention that divers and environmentalists have played a major role in saving the UAE’s marine life. Having highlighted the danger facing sea life in the country, the government has moved to protect the marine environment from human encroachment, pollution and exploitation ( Marine Life of the UAE 1999). In addition, sharks have remained a major threat to sea life in the Gulf and in other parts of the world, posing the greatest fear to man. Besides its adaptive features and beauty, hunting threatens the existence of this species. Due to the fear and the gap between man and sharks, tones of sharks are shipped to the Far East from Fujairah. It is estimated that a single businessman in Sharjah is able to ship several tones in a year with most of the sharks being obtained from UAE’s water. Apart from sharks, UAE water is home to reptiles, fish and several sea animals. The following segments of the report cover different marine animals found in the UAE ( Marine Life of the UAE 1999). Fish Pelagic Fish The distribution of this type of fish is influenced by the Straits of Hormuz’s heavy currents. For example, smaller fish like tuna are common in the Arabian Gulf, whereas larger ones weighing up to 65 kilograms are found towards the eastern side of the UAE. Add
The traditional AIS was designed on the paper-based accounting information with the goal of the improved processing of paper-based accounting data. Online financial reports serve to translate the written financial content into the electronic form, satisfying the stakeholders’ demand for saving space and time. The introduction of cloud computing brought significant changes in a way the financial information is gathered, processed, and communicated. It is defined as “a network-based, configurable sharing computing resource and also a convenient model for access per demand,” offering the advantages of low-cost and strong sharing capability (Wang & Zhou, 2017, p. 534). The financial specialists using cloud computing are not tied to the location and have the freedom to use the dynamic cloud data resource pool to communicate and share information with clients, which makes the accounting process more cost-effective and time-saving compared to the traditional accounting. The demand for employees with skills in both accounting and IT is relatively high, and there is a vast amount of career opportunities to choose from. The profession of systems consultant, for instance, involves the design of new systems, selection of computer software, and optimization of business processes. (Simkin, Worell, & Savage, 2017). AIS students skilled in both accounting and IT become effective systems consultants since they understand how data functions in accounting systems. Another option for AIS students with accounting and IT background is the profession of an information technology (IT) auditor, which involves the analysis of the risks associated with computer-based information systems. I agree with the following statement, “When we computerize an AIS, we merely change how the data is processed; we do not change what tasks are performed,” because it underlines the idea that an AIS doesn’t change the accounting tasks, but instead, modifies the accounting cycle. The tasks that accountants used to do manually, such as making journal entries and preparing balance sheets, are now performed with the help of an AIS, which saves time and effort while increasing the accuracy of the work. Therefore, the way accountants process data has seen the positive change and improvement, but the tasks remain unchanged in the Age of IT. All in all, the accounting profession is constantly changing and requires its specialists to adapt to the changes by acquiring, for example, the skills in IT.
Introduction The question of to which extent the government should be able to interfere with the market is always relevant to the United States and the whole world. Opinions on this matter differ significantly, each of them being based not only on the market’s abilities but on the nature of people as well. For example, Ivan Pongracic argues that people cannot be fully trusted to act selflessly, especially if they possess great power. 1 Thus, a governmental institution, which consists of people in power, should not be able to make all decisions for the rest of society. However, some government actions are found permissible by scholars, who review the necessity of welfare. This paper looks at the instances of government intervention as well as people’s needs and control measures for preventing bad policy. Government Intervention Conditions Scholars have debated the level of government intervention in the market since the early ages of capitalism. According to von Mises, in a perfect world, the government would protect the borders and act as a channel for international communications, leaving all other decisions to the people. 2 Thus, this point of view does not see any benefit in government intervention in the market. However, there exist some instances where the government may be helpful to the market. During a crisis, the government can provide some stability, reducing the risk of market failure. 3 Moreover, antimonopoly laws have the ability to fight against inequality and promote fairness. Public Goods The provision of public goods depends on the government because it is difficult for the market to see the fiscal incentive in these services and items. As most of these goods are free for people to use, the profit that could be gained from maintaining access to them is insufficient for private organizations. 4 Therefore, there exists a risk of the market disengaging with the public good, which leads to people not having an essential part of their lives. Nevertheless, it is challenging to understand how much of each public good people need. There exist several calculations (such as the Samuelson condition) that help the government to approach this issue while maximizing social benefit and reducing cost. 5 Control As noted above, the government is an entity that is guided by people who possess their personal needs and goals. Therefore, it is vital to acknowledge that the absolute power of the government is detrim
Executive Summary Within the framework of this report, several important organizational and leadership challenges are addressed. The case of the restaurant called The Cut is evaluated and several relevant changes are proposed based on the existing information. The author of this report validates the proposed change process using an extensive array of literature on organizational development, management, and leadership. The ideas that are developed throughout the report revolve around the idea that there is a critical need to transform the approach to leadership and change the way of how the members of the team interact with each other. The author of the report judgmentally considered the weaknesses of the current setup and used Lewin’s change model to support change at The Cut. Several obstacles and the ways of overcoming them were also discussed within the framework of this report. In the end, a readiness to change and communication were identified as the core contributors to the successful implementation of transformative change. Introduction Organizational Development Theory Nowadays, the economy and organizations are becoming more complex. To increase competitiveness as an organizational perspective or improve the workers’ quality of work-life, there is a need to be able to attract and motivate them from their employee perspective (Sullivan, Rothwell, & Balasi, 2013). An organization would need to have organizational development. It is a professional field of social action, and scientific inquiry intended to impact the entire system, which can enhance the effectiveness of the organization by implementing behavioral science knowledge within the framework of developing strategies. It also requires transferring the knowledge and skills which are necessary for monitoring change and reaching the target. Moreover, the role of organization development officers has become increasingly important lately. In any given organization, their role is to determine themselves to keep track of whether the company is operating towards its core objective. At the same time, managers and workers also have the roles that are designed to help them to improve their values and thoughts that dictate their behaviors. Hence, they can implement change to improve the effectiveness of the organization (Roland, William, & Mary, 2013). Organizational change is always planned theoretically by the OD practitioner and members of the team. There are three main theories of planned change. One of the theories will be Lewin’s change model. It is a change from the result of driving forces and restraining forces. Driving forces are members who force and take the initiative to change. While a restraining force is represented by the members who stay in the current state and refuse to change. In this situation, the organization