ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Many are the times that people pose to evaluate others whom they consider as leaders. A major mistake that they (people) all make is to associate leadership with public visibility and greatness. This perception inhibits one’s capacity to develop and nurture leadership skills (Ogbonna & Harris 2000). If only people could change their perception about leadership, they could be able to identify their leadership talents and therefore work towards improving them. Daft posits, “Leadership comes in all shapes and sizes, and many true leaders are working behind the scenes. Leadership that has big outcomes often starts small” (2011, p. 6). This paper will focus on the leadership of Bernard Arnault. Arnault as a Leader Bernard Arnault is considered a leader because of his success in LVMH Company. The company deals with fashion products, which makes it one of the toughest businesses to operate. Despite the numerous changes that keep on arising in the fashion industry, Bernard is able to keep pace with the changes (Givhan 2002). Fashion business requires a leader who is able to identify what to modify or drop to enhance its performance. Arnault is one such leader who accentuates success in LVMH. Under Arnault’s enormous merchandise dexterities, LVMH has managed to rise into one of the biggest companies in the manufacture and sale of cosmetics, jewellery, and perfumes. Through his leadership, brands like Fendi, Vuitton, and Christian Dior gained popularity thus becoming the most preferred perfumes. By comparing Arnault’s background and his success in LVMH, one would not doubt that he is one the leaders that are rare to find. After graduating with an engineering degree, he assisted his father in a construction company (Givhan 2002). He always wished to trade in luxury products, a dream that led to him purchasing Boussac. Later, he sold Boussac and purchased part of LVMH. In spite of having limited knowledge in fashion industry, Arnault had leadership traits, which helped him gain control of the company gradually. His ability to manage a business and creativity are some of the factors that make him a great leader. Strengths and weaknesses Situational theories of leadership suppose, “Leaders choose the best course of action based upon situational variables” (Vecchio 1987, p. 445). Prior to making any decision, leaders evaluate the situation to determine the appropriate course to take. The same happens with Arnault. One of the Arnault’s strengths is his ability to evaluate business environment and change his operation style to cope with the prevailing situation. For instance, Arnault started with purchasing majority of the luxury brands, which helped him grow his financial base, as well as, expand his business. However, economic changes in the early 21 st century led to many people ceasing to use many luxury goods. To make sure that LVMH continues to do well in the market, Barnard embarked on a quality improvement strategy. His ability to maintain the brand quality is what has helped the company remain competitive across the globe. One of Arnault’s weaknesses is his ambition to
Discovery and Settlement of the New World Historians claim the first Americans were of Asian origin, and they started migrating to the country thirty thousand years ago using a land bridge at the Bering Strain. The main economic activities of the first population were hunting and gathering. When Europeans arrived to the New World, there were already over one hundred million Asians living there. Agricultural innovations and development led to cultural diversity in many parts of the country. As people settled to establish industries, they did away with hunting and gathering as their major economic activities. Europe and Desire for Discovery Europe witnessed major monetary and societal changes between the eleventh and the fourteenth centuries. At the time, each person had a role to play in the society, and the financial system was feudal in nature. The lords owned vast properties, while the laborers worked without compensation and were only given small pieces of land to cultivate. With time, cities were developed, which attracted many people to shift to urban areas. The founding of the New World corresponded with the rise of mercantilism as a production model (Deitch, 2007). The system was applied effectively in the 16 th and the 17 th centuries to improve the financial systems of European countries. Spanish and French Exploration The discoveries that Columbus made played a critical role in the formation of European empires in the New World. Spanish, Portuguese, and French monarchs ordered their scientists and administrators to visit the region and recommend appropriate courses of actions. Civilizations set up largely in the southern and central regions were the main targets, since they had established administrative and economic structures. European powers had to enter into various negotiations to prevent conflict of interests. Colonial Life Before the British settled in the New World, Portuguese and Spanish had already established an agricultural economy that depended on slave labor. Portuguese were the first ones to set up a production model based on slavery in the West Africa. Many locals existed as servants in their land since they had to provide the much-needed labor whenever called upon to do so. In this regard, colonial life was miserable given the fact that colonialists owned everything while the locals had nothing to offer to the economy apart from their free labor. French and Indian War Locals were tired of the conditions in which they lived, since they were growing poorer and there was no hope of change. In this regard, they decided to engage in a liberation war with the French who had ruled them for several years (Bellamy, & MacDonald, 2003). The French occupied the modern day Canada, which was referred to as New France at the time. The natives had suffered from various diseases introduced in the region by foreigners, and they thought it was the correct time to act. Imperia
Concept Statement Introduction Chronic diseases have become common nowadays, a factor that has increased the amount of money needed in the treatment and prevention of such illnesses. An example of such a challenge in the case of upper and lower back pains. Many people in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia experience problems of back pains due to their sitting position. Such problems are common nowadays and there has never been a safe means to regulate the sitting position that an individual adopts (Claus, Hides, Moseley & Hodges, 2009). For this reason, this project focuses on the development of a pad installed with four sensors designed in such a way that they have the capacity to detect whether or not an individual is sitting in the right posture. Target Market The target market for the product in Saudi Arabia, especially female and male employees who work for more than 4 hours sitting straight in their offices. In Saudi Arabia, there are high cases of people suffering from upper back and lower pains due to long hours of sitting in the wrong posture. As such, the proposed project aims at reducing the prevalence of lower and upper back pains in Saudi Arabia by encouraging the appropriate sitting position especially for people who sit for long hours. Such a product will increase the lifespan of the individuals, as well a ensure that no labor is lost in Saudi Arabia due to cases of lower and upper back pains in the country’s workforce. Benefits of the product The product will be designed and developed according to the health care requirement of safe standards of use to ensure that there are no harms caused by users of the pad. As noted earlier, wrong sitting posture is very instrumental in the development of upper back pain (also known as Dorsalgia), as well as low back pain (also known as Lumbago) among individuals who sit for long hours (Kremer, 2011). According to Drozda, Lewandowski, and Górski (2011), back pain refers to a type of musculoskeletal malady that affects nearly all people. This disorder results from wrong sitting posture and causes most cases of job-related disability’. It is for this reason that we came up with this idea to develop a suitable pad that could detect the right sitting position. Product Market Positioning Our product is quite unique since most of the existing products are only focused on relieving back pain as opposed to its prevention. For this reason, the product will be highly competitive in the market. Purpose of the project The primary aim of this project is to provide a medical solution that can be useful in t
This paper seeks to answer the given questions by analyzing the part of the book of Allison entitled “Nightwork: Sexuality, Pleasure and Corporate Masculinity in a Tokyo Hostess Club,” where the author sought to “examine some aspect of Japan that was urban, modern and an effect of cultural, political, and economic relations.” Her focus on hostess clubs, which is one aspect of the Mizu Shoba (water business) Japanese urban nightlife, provokes some questions that must be answered in this paper. The first of the questions are: In what ways does the hostess club, as a place, help to construct certain types of feminine and masculine subjectivities? In answer, it could be said that the hostess club, as depicted by Allison to be apparently an innocent, could be described or viewed as giving sexual pleasure to the Japanese men and perhaps women-hostesses as well. It could not be, however, taken as simply as a house of prostitutes where women are used unlimitedly by men. It could be rather be described as providing a good link to understanding the Japanese culture where their attitudes and expectations about work, including play and sex, as well as gender roles, identity, and money, come into the concert. The way that the author described the life inside the nightclubs tell of various descriptions of behavior and conversations inside the nightclub and bar that can enthrall a person who has the interest to find more of what are the meanings for what are these events of how Japanese as a society of people compare with other cultures. The author portrays that the Japanese stay in nightclubs is motivated by a belief of their employers that such nightlife practice is good for work productivity when they go to work the next day. A visit to the club is therefore thought of as if making play’ to be an extension of work’ that is accomplished by cutting the salarymen away from family life. The practice speaks of the belief that life is not all work and that the mind needs relaxation to be able to perform better the following working day. It is a fact that Allison subscribed from her interview of fellows hostesses since the author decided to assume the function, although she is an anthropologist, that the companies will be able to maximize the productivity of their employees by allowing these salarymen to enjoy the nightlife. By her theories, it may be an observer that Allison was already challenging the claim of the naturalness by Japanese sociologists of working late at night via playing’ at a club on the belief that Japanese consider themselves as definitely part of a group, or a workgroup. Many management writers subscribe to the idea that the Japanese talk about their work even getting out of regular hours from work. That is the reason why the Japanese were known to have been promoters for kaizen or continuous improvement. If one analysis further, it wou
Reasons for Choosing the Study The article was focused on the topic of pain management for children in Saudi Arabia. It detailed the factors that affect nurses and the potential solutions. The study was based on a review of literature from different databases. Therefore, it seeks to bring to attention the need for improvement in how nurses manage pain for children in Saudi Arabia. The Main Purpose and Methodology The main purpose of the article was to conduct a systematic review of literature on pain management in Saudi Arabia and provide advice on the need for an education program for nurses. To achieve this purpose, the study adopted a PICOS framework which assists in guiding the review of the literature. Keywords used when searching online databases were children, pediatric, postoperative, pain, self-efficacy, attitude, knowledge, belief, perception, barrier, education, and program. The search strategy involved combining the above keywords using ‘AND’ or ‘OR.’ Studies published before 2000 and mixed-method research which did not differentiate the results from other aspects of the study were excluded (AlReshidi et al., 2018). A total of 499 papers were revealed by the database search, but after a review, 15 papers were retained for the study. Results and how they can be Applied in Nursing Practice I find the presence of gaps in the evidence base concerning the effects of lack of educational programs that enhance nurses’ attitudes, knowledge, beliefs, and perceptions on children’s pain management both interesting and concerning. These results can assist me in creating better strategies when handling children experiencing pain at the hospital. This is because pain management among children is an important part of health care and the nurses play a significant role. These results can also increase the need for more evidence-based research to provide strategies that can assist in eliminating inadequate pain management for children. Overall Opinion The article tackles an important topic that poses significant questions to nurses on the issue of pain management among children. The review of the literature reveals that inadequate pain management persists in Saudi Arabia, even with the creation of evidence-based strategies. The researchers provide evidence for the results of the literature analysis, which assists readers in counterchecking their claims. Other researchers can carry out studies on the topic and come up with strategies that can change the situation in the country based on the review of the literature provided. Reference AlReshidi, N., Long, T., & Darvill, A. (2018). A systematic review of the impact of educational programs on factors that affect nurses’ post-operative pain management for children. Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing , 41 (1), 9-24. Web.
During the 1980s, the prevalent generation was known as ‘baby busters’ because the term Generation X had not been coined at the time. Just like in the present, the movie industry of the 1980s paid much attention to teen culture. According to demographic experts, half of the world’s population is made up of people who are under twenty-five years of age. Therefore, the youth demographic presents film makers with a sizable market for their wares. Nevertheless, some of these films that are meant for the youth end up influencing an entire generation. In the history of cinema, there have been several movies that have played a definitive role in the youth cultures of the time (Hanson 58). In the 1980s, the leading personality in the teen-themed movie industry was John Hughes. Hughes’ movies were top in the list of most influential youth films. Two of Hughes’ movies stand out in terms of their influence on youth culture; “The Breakfast Club” and “Ferris Bueller’s Day Off”. These two movies have had a significant influence especially on the 1980’s youth also known as Generation X. “The Breakfast Club” was released in 1985 while “Bueller’s Day Off” was in released in 1986 and both movies defined high school for the generation of the day. The two films depicted several aspects of a teenager’s life such as teen angst, relationships between teens and parents/teachers, and teen communities. This paper explores the movies “The Breakfast Club” and “Ferris Bueller’s Day Out” as the blueprints of the youth culture of Generation X. “The Breakfast Club” is written and directed by John Hughes. The film was released in 1985 and obtained both critical and box office success. The film is about five high school students who find themselves in a similar predicament of having to serve detention in a Saturday morning ( The Breakfast Club ). Even though the students have previously been acquainted, they all belong to different student cliques of Shermer High School. The students who are serving detention at the school library include Andrew Clark- a jock, John Bender- a delinquent, Allison- a confused girl, Brian- a smart student, and Claire- a spoilt princess. The school’s assistant principal, Richard Vernon was the one who had sentenced each of the five students to eight hours of detention. Moreover, the students are instructed to write a 1000 word essay on their personalities as part of their punishment. John is initially the troublemaker of the group and
Summary This article documents a research project involving academic motivation. It includes three projects: Greek, Canadian and US. It seeks to validate the Academic Motivation Scale with Greek high school students and others. It is based upon the theory of self-determination and proposes a scale with seven factors. The primary audience is other educational researchers in motivation since this changes the entire paradigm. Self-determination theory provides an integrated conception of school- and academic motivation. The theory proposes a continuum comprising three types of motivation: intrinsic motivation (IM), extrinsic motivation (EM), and amotivation (AM), characterized by seven dimensions (IM = to know, to accomplish and to experience stimulation, EM = external regulation, introjection and identification, and Amotivation). Deci and Ryan’s (1985) self-determination theory identifies the important facets of motivated behavior in humans. There are some other definitions of self-determination, but they are all similar. (Darner 39-49; Kennedy, Lewin and Syracuse University, Center on, Human Policy ) The article documents successfully that these seven factors are interactive and they affect each other and the overall motivation of the students. The descriptions of each type of motivation are extremely useful. What the study added to current literature is the description of Amotivation, which identifies factors that interact with both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and which can be counteracted. The article described several studies and identified problems with subcategories of motivations in some populations. The tridimensional character of the theory is possibly very useful. Analysis Strengths and Weaknesses This article was fascinating and so complex that criticizing it is difficult. However, I may criticize it on that basis. The theoretical basis of this study was very complex and may need more expla
MySpace is a hugely successful and popular social networking website that caters to hundreds of thousands of users on a daily basis. Most popular amongst the student population, there have been growing concerns from psychological experts and parents alike regarding the perceived problems of Myspace use among impressionable kids. The main concern revolves around the possibility of Myspace being used by sexual predators on the internet due to the lax security measures at the website. Indeed, the website can be considered to have almost nonexistent security as it encourages the users to post as much personal information as they wish through the boards and blogs, site features that are easily accessible to those with predatory instincts. The reality of the situation is that Myspace has encouraged more creativity and socialization among its users due to its innovative software usage concepts. However, just like anything done in excess, too much personal information on any MySpace account can also prove to have adverse effects. In fact, according to journalist Sue K. Ellen, one can view my space in terms of necessary medication for patients with the good results outweighing the bad. She indicates that: In the medical field, if the positive benefits outweigh the negative effects, medicine is used. Otherwise, the medicine is canceled, such as the medication known as Vioxx. Why do I mention this? Well, MySpace works the same way. It’s a great tool, but if it’s going to put you and your loved ones in danger, then the negative effects outweigh the benefits, leading to the conclusion that MySpace is a very dangerous place for children and teenagers to be dwelling in, and therefore must be approached at an appropriate, and serious manner. According to Larry D. Rosen, Ph.D. although 83% of parents are concerned with their teen’s use of MySpace exposing them to sexual predators, parents numbering about 75% were also concerned about the perceived social isolation of their child due to the virtual nature of the friendships they entered into. There is indeed something disconcerting about not having any face-to-face encounters with these people since the internet allows users to actually create believable facades that could prove to be detrimental to other parties once taken into the real world. However, these concerns do not seem to outweigh the benefits that most users derive from the social site. As it continues to help people remain in touch in an ever increasingly busy world of the 21st century, more and more social circles and families who are divided by borders and time differences will find it necessary to use the online blog to keep abreast of each other’s activities. For the youth of today, this is the best way for them to stay in touch with each other without having to share physical proximity and time
The human population in such a region as Latin America is increasing at a rapid rate than expected. Such a trend, in most cases, is highly likely to bring in some problems. In this paper, some of these problems are going to be identified, and some specific solutions are going to be suggested which may help in bringing about improvement regarding economic and social conditions in several nations in Latin America. According to Jorgensen, rapid population increase is defined as “a quick increase in population” (Jorgensen, n.d, Para 1). Various factors contribute to rapid population growth in a region or nation. One of them is regarding a situation where there are higher birth rates as compared to death rates, especially in areas where there is no birth control and particularly, in less developed countries as opposed to industrialized nations where there is birth control. Moreover, rapid population growth may be realized in a situation where the aged people do not die quickly but live for a pronged time and at the same time having no slow down in the birth rates. Several countries, especially in Latin America are realizing a rapid population growth as a result of the existence of such factors. Rapid population growth has several effects; some of them are positive ones while others are negative. Among the positive effects is that an increase in population can lead to the supply of a population that would not have been there in the absence of rapid population growth. The new population can make positive contributions such as labor supply that is diverse thus offering various talents and also may play a role in triggering more production due to increased demand. These factors serve to boost economy activity in a country. On the other hand, a rapid population can bring in problems. For instance, by the number of people increasing, this can lead to overpopulation. In a situation where a nation experiences overpopulation, many problems can come in. One of such problems is lack of land. Much pressure can be put on land thus having an impact negative on the people. For instance, the lack of enough land can lead to starvation resulting from inadequate food production. Also, the lack of land