ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Title Relevance The title is accurate enough since it describes the diagnostic area of focus, the stage at which patients are, and the fact that the study means to be no more than descriptive. Researcher Qualifications As a diabetes nurse specialist with the metabolic unit of University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust/Holbrooks Health Centre, Coventry Primary Care Trust, Anne Phillips is not only a medical-care practitioner but also a specialist in diabetes. UHC Warwickshire is a new, very large (1,250 bed) hospital with facilities not to be found outside London. Being an NHS facility with 27 operating rooms and, at last count, 250 specialists (NHS, 2008), UHW specialists like Phillips presumably work to high standards of peer review. Methodology The author employed the qualitative approach of phenomenology, one of the more rudimentary techniques available for first-time research into a subject area. It is fairly straightforward and easy to learn because it involves merely collecting feedback in unstructured depth interviews and reflecting on the same through the lens of medical praxis. One inspects the phenomena from different perspectives – in this case, the feedback of patients who have just started on insulin administration – and essentially lets the information take us where it might. There is no working hypothesis as we know it other than the determination to discover as many elements of the condition as one can. Like every other qualitative technique, phenomenology trades scientific ri
Introduction A number of challenges, ranging from economic, political to social, characterize the 21 st century. The main problems that confront all states in the global system are the preservation of sovereignty and promotion of national interests. In fact, states are concerned more with the promotion of national security. Research shows that states would do everything within their power to protect their national borders. The emergence of global problems is indeed the main issue that threatens human life. The security of many states is at stake due to terrorism and the spread of weapons of mass destruction. Powerful states are threatened just as the weak states because terrorism does not spare any state. Moreover, there is always tension between the developed and the developing countries because of issues surrounding resource distribution.This article looks at some of the factors that have contributed to the prevalence of problems in the 21 st century. The article invokes a number of theories and incorporates the views of international relations scholars. Terrorism In the current international system, terrorism is the major threat facing all states. Countries are faced with both internal and external threats, but terrorism remains the major threat. Terrorism is a problem that cannot be resolved unless states delve into its origins. Terrorists use violence to frustrate governments, irrespective of whether the country is developed or poor. In other words, no country or individual is spared by the heinous acts of terrorists. In the modern international system, there are various categories of terrorists, each with its own mode of operation. Some terrorists threaten to use weapons of mass destruction while others resort to suicide bombing 1 . Scholars argue that terrorism is a result of depression, melancholy, hopelessness, helplessness, and defeat. Before the Cold War era, terrorism was not a big issue in the international system because extremist organizations were under the control of the US and the Soviet Union. The hostilities between the US and the Soviet Union could not give room to terrorism. In fact, countries that were suspected to support terrorism were constantly frustrated. It should be noted that there is no Leviathan in the international system, which is compared to the centralized government. This gives state and non-state actors an opportunity to act in a manner that is beneficial to them. Moreover, there are weak and powerful states in the international system. Powerful states are well off in terms of military technology and development. In this regard, weak states feel threatened, which inspires them to develop some of the sophisticated weapons to counter the influence of powerful states. Weapon
Importance of studying behavior of people at work Introduction Behavior is any action or reaction depicted by a person under different settings. Therefore, the actions or reactions of people at the work must be of immense importance to the manager. The manager should study employee behaviors in order to determine their strengths and weaknesses and knowing their personalities. This essay is going to delve into the relevance of peoples’ actions and reactions in relation to working in an organization. (Champoux 2011, p. 428) Strengths and weaknesses In any organization, understanding employees is essential in achieving targeted or set goals and objectives. Therefore, when a manager learns the behaviors of workers or workforces, he can note the strong and weak qualities of a worker (Kleynhans et al. 2009, p.303). The significance of noting the strength of a worker will enable the manager to add him more responsibilities so that his productivity is enhanced. He can also decide to reward the worker and offer him a promotion to increase his morale in serving the company. On the other hand, observing the weaknesses of an employee enables a manager to note which departments in a company are behind in terms of production. This allows early corrective measures to boost production. Identifying work conflicts Another reason for learning people’s behavior is to identify the conflicts in the organization. This can be between employees, employees and management or employees and clients. The manager can then see on what effective action to take on time. This reduces unnecessary wastage of time and resources in the organization. Additionally, studying people enables the manager to avoid stereotypic acts, which are often based on race, tribe and nationality (Bruce 2006, p.37). Understanding the behavior of workforces empowers a manager with the ability to judge employees based on the content of their character. Assumption of similar characteristics Studying employee behaviors enables a manager to avoid assumptions at the workplace. In most cases, people assume their personalities are parallel to those they befriend (Champoux 2011, p. 428). Studying behavior, therefore, aids the manager in judging an individual on his own personality without any biasness. Additionally, by observing the behavior of people, a manager is able to determine whether an action is influenced by interior or exterior factors. An interior factor is within the command of the person, whereas, exterior issues are caused by situations beyond the influence of a person. Improved communication In addition to helping a manager avoid stereotyping and similar character problems, learning about people also helps managers in improving communication between workers and management. Therefore, the manager can easily determine the feelings, actions and thoughts of the workers in the company. This brings us to something called halo effect. The manager dispels these notions by learning the behavior of the workers and helping in determining their individual personalities (Bruce 2006, p
A Significant Incident We have often observed or read about stereotypical bosses who go around the corridors and shouting commands at their employees. To me, this is a pure case of a lack of communication skills, which lead to failure to communicate effectively. I noted that failure to communicate effectively could contribute to the occurrence of unintended negative events. The subject of cross-cultural communication became of interest to me after reading an article that referred to the danger of failure to communicate effectively about patients’ condition due to their diverse cultural backgrounds. In order to understand how failure to communicate effectively presented risky situations to patients, I realised that communication breakdown was the main cause of communication challenges between patients, nurses, and physicians. Upon further inquiry in that area, I noted that there were specific issues that led to communication breakdown. Culture differences led to a failure in communication between patients and nurses. I noted that the major challenge that many patients and physicians faced was a challenge of interpretation. Given these difficulties in interpretation, I realised how globalisation had necessitated the need to understand various languages and cultures. I noted that the health care sector had made significant strides in improving the quality of care. However, there are certain critical areas that the health care sector has not yet addressed. I noted that language interpretation in health care facilities has remained primitive despite its relevancy in communication between patients and their care providers. After a careful review of the article, I noted that failure to communicate effectively due to cultural differences could have serious outcomes. I believe that health care facilities should implement effective methods of translation as they continue to receive patients from different cultures. Upon my reflection of the situation, I noted that culture, especially language, has a significant effect on the provision of health care services (Misra-Hebert, 2003). In such cases, the barrier that exists may result in poor communication, and patients and physicians may totally end up not understanding each other. This leads to failure to communicate effectively, and it may contribute to cases of health disparities. I realised that cultural bias could be a major contributor to effective communication between people of different cultural backgrounds. Hence, we should look for solutions to poor communications
Sourceseating International is an American Company that manufactures and sells office seats. As part of their retail structure, the company set up the website sourceseating.com , which displays the different categories of seats the company produces on the homepage. Under each category, there is a listing of the different designs, with each link directing visitors to a page that has the photographs of these different designs. In order to make the website friendlier to customers, the first change I would implement is the price listing. From the current arrangement, the price list is provided as a PDF attachment, which the customer has to download for comparison with the clear product photos on the website. If all the specifications of the different seats must be listed on the website, then I w
Abstract It is important to note the fact that the left-right political spectrum model is a reflective system, which encompasses a diverse range of views on many political aspects of social life. Such a popular dichotomy of perspectives inevitably leads to the notion that there are contradictions and conflicts of view within an individual political group since the categorization is highly limited to two polarized ends of the spectrum. On the one hand, right political ideologies are said to espouse authority, hierarchy, market deregulation, and a generally pessimistic view of human nature (Goodhart, 2017). On the other hand, left political ideologies value liberty, equality, progress, and social regulation of the economy (Richards, 2017). Despite its popularity, there is a strong degree of criticism in regards to such a dichotomy, which might be propagated to promote some underlying agenda for specific economic and political objectives (Heywood, 2019). Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to conduct a thorough analysis of various levels to which the division of political positions into left, right, or center could be applied to real-world politics and views that individuals and groups hold. The given writing will argue that such a dichotomy is false because of the numerous contradictions it has, which makes the distinctions moot and inaccurate. Introduction The main issue is centered around the problematic aspects of the left-right dichotomy in regards to political views and perspectives on a wide range of social, political, economic, and environmental concerns. It is important to note that left ideologies are more prominent for prioritizing progress, equality, liberty, and social regulation of the economy (Richards, 2017). Whereas right ideologies promote and advocate for market deregulation, hierarchy, authority, and a pessimistic perspective on human nature (Goodhart, 2017). One can easily see that putting such a diverse set of subjects and topics into two categories will result in an evident problem when it comes to addressing certain issues individually. The reason why this subject needs to be addressed in the paper is that both ideologies are forced to take an opposing stance on a specific problem, and it is usually a predetermined one, which means that such a dichotomy can result in in-group conflicts. T
Decision-making is sometimes a complicated process where the best knowledge and understanding of all important factors is considered. The more informed a decision is, the better outcome will result. Picking one decision over another is related to the most benefit that a person wants to get. A random act of indecision is based on a principle that someone else, sometimes a stranger, decides for you. The best way to accomplish this is to consult someone who has a certain amount of knowledge in the subject. As a social experiment, I decided to ask a computer store worker to choose a program for me, which best deals with my needs. My only preference rested on the kind of program, which related to my field of work. The general requirement was that it must be a program used for writing articles and short stories. The store worker asked me if it had to be a program for a PC, notebook, or IPad. I own a notebook, so I answered which devise I have. He then started offering programs, which differed in layout and functions. I explained to the man that he is the one who has to pick a certain program and I will be satisfied by his own opinion and understanding of what is best. He was somewhat surprised, as people often say what they need specifically. After about 5 minutes of browsing through several programs, he selected one tha
Introduction The task of dividing the property of relatives after their death is complicated by the collision of interests of all people involved in the process. However, the majority of issues in this respect can be easily avoided if they follow a set of recommendations developed by specialists. For this, the affected persons should be aware of what means for resolving the challenges available to them. Therefore, it is critical to understand the root causes of conflict in this situation and how they can be efficiently addressed to meet everyone’s needs. Summary of the Articles The four articles examined for the above objectives narrate the ways to settle an estate. The first source written by Morris (n.d.) speaks about three rules corresponding to performing this task peacefully and provides details on their practical implementation. The second publication prepared by Jio (2008) emphasizes the importance of feelings over the value of objects in the matter and suggests appropriate interventions. The third source presented by Clayman (2015) tells how to avoid problems in the absence of estate plans using six different methods. Finally, the fourth article by Weltman (2021) is about tips for siblings to manage their relationships after their parent’s death. In this way, these resources effectively underpin one another in clarifying the coping techniques. Root Causes for Conflict The mentioned articles describe varying root causes for conflict emerging in the process of settling an estate between relatives. Thus, Morris (n.d.) claims that they include people’s inability to listen to one another and effectively communicate. Jio (2008) writes that the reason individuals cannot find common ground is the fact that one’s feelings are inevitably hurt in the process. Clayman (2015) specifies that the issue stems purely from the presence of financial interests, and Weltman (2021) states that it is connected to the combination of money and emotions. Hence, the varying needs of people involved in the conflicts serve as its basis. Suggestions to Reduce Conflict The articles also contain several useful suggestions on how to eliminate the problems when settling an estate. According to Morris (n.d.), the solution is to involve only the immediate heirs, avoid removing property without discussing actions with others and refer to psychologi
Brazil has been experiencing environmental problems since 1980s (Singh &Harvey 1). These environmental challenges are largely due to contrasting environmental policies. Nevertheless, Brazil has emerged as the largest producer of ethanol and biodiesel in the world. Hence, the government tried to safeguard its rainforests and maximize bio-fuel production at the same time (Singh &Harvey 13). This resulted into national and international concern primarily due to deforestation. These two “green issues” are in conflict that is attracting attention from all spheres. It is ironical that bio-fuels are meant to reduce hazards resulting from fossil fuels yet they unbalance the equation on one side (Singh &Harvey 5). Certainly, alternative source of fuel from plants claims more land to ensure sustainable supply of energy. In this case, Brazil’s old forests, rangeland and wetlands are at risk of being reclaimed to produce bio-fuel (Corlett & Richard 54). This has posed risk to environment by reducing food supply where large portions of land are used to grow biodiesel plants. Additionally, excess production of bio-fuels increases green-house gases into the atmosphere causing global warming. However, proper environmental standards might help in reducing the risks. Moreover, European Union attempted to limit Brazil’s exports of bio-fuel until it meets required environmental standards (Singh &Harvey 33). Bio-fuel was adopted as an alternative source of energy in order to cut down use of fossil fuel that has resulted in air pollution. Therefore, Brazil preferred use of ethanol from sugar cane in the production of biodiesel to minimize use of fossil fuels (Singh &Harvey 4). Lack of set goals to develop an integral strategy on how to maintain sustainable growth of bio-fuel plants was offset by deforestation (Corlett & Richard 7). Expansive growth of soy beans and sugar canes to produce biodiesel and ethanol claimed vast land for farming. Moreover, the government’s aggressive targets to maximize production of fuel never accounted for secondary impacts toward the rainforests (Singh &Harvey 2). Radical production of bio-fuels triggered reclamation of range lands and forests (Corlett & Richard 2). According to environmentalists, increased production of sugar canes resulted into inbuilt pressure on land reserved for livestock thereby pushing animals into forest zones. Meanwhile, Brazil has setup a strategy to minimize deforestation and maximize its benefits by expanding production of more renewable bio-fuel crops (Corlett & Richard 27). Land use changes must be adopted in order to incorporate the model formulated for agricultural economy. In line with this, a recommendation was made by the European Union for Brazil. They insisted on the use of renewable sources of energy that have less harm to environment. Besides, interest groups urged the country to grow alternative crops that will not affect rangelands such as oil palm plants (Singh &Harvey 17). Palm oil plant produces more renewable fuel that has fewer risks of green-house emissions. Moreover, they argue that there should be laws that limit the density of animal
When one is presented with a significant amount of money, an immediate question emerges: where to invest it or how to spend it to benefit from it as much as possible? More important is the fact that most people would probably disagree to use their money – wherever they came from – to support a greater cause. Still, for those who would choose other’s well-being over their own, there are ways to invest money in charity with high effectiveness. Million Dollar Problem One million US dollars is a very considerable sum, and it is only logical to consider investing it into something that would result in more money as a profit. Probably, nobody’s first thought would be donating it to charity. After all, everybody wants to have a better life for them and their loved ones, and this is in our nature. Moreover, there are much more possibilities of investing money to gain personal benefit than to support any charity. Nevertheless, various organisations provide customers with an opportunity to make charitable donations without personal gains. Nevertheless, there are also some institutions and funds that allow one to invest money while paying an annual fee that will be donated to various causes. Whatever the choice may be, it is still a personal matter of every person that comes across such predicament. To give money away or to use them to personal advantage is a decision that nobody must be forced to make. Ways of Investment
According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, esteem and self-actualization are very important for an employee. Amanda Shank, an HR professional, notes that there are some companies where these basic needs are not met. The HR professional notes that it is crucial for owners to be involved in the process. Shank believes top management and owners should respect employees and make them feel valued and appreciated. She stresses that she used to work at companies where employees were taken for granted and not appreciated. Amanda Shank emphasizes that employees are not motivated and they just remain in the company but they are reluctant to work harder. Finally, she notes that it is important for an employee to be able to express him/herself and to have a certain scope for creativity. Admittedly, employees work for salaries. Better salaries make employees motivated as higher salaries increase their quality of life. It is very important for people to have money to pay the rent and be able to pay for things (or recreation) they need. However, it is not the most important factor in making employees motivated. Employees want to be respected and valued. For instance, Amanda Shank stresses that it is important for her to feel she has a say in the company. The HR professional needs to feel a certain connection. She states that if she is disrespected or feels underappreciated in a company, she will try to find a better place. Shank also claims the company she is working for is a place where she feels connected, valued and, hence, motivated. At the same time, it is important to add that even a favorable atmosphere is not the most important factor. There should be a combination of both factors. People are ready to be paid slightly less but feel a part of the growth. However, if the salary is too low, people will be unable to pay the bills and will be forced to look for higher salaries. Emily Griffin, assistant store leader, states that she has always thought retail is often something temporary for many people. Thus, people come to this sphere and soon go to other companies. Griffin says she never thought she could pursue her career in that sphere. One of the reasons why she is staying is that there is the opportunity to build her career and grow. The assistant store leader also notes that there are lots of things to do and she likes that diverse challenge. Clearly, she is also motivated to stay as she feels connected and valued in the company. Emily stresses that the company is a team where employees feel connected. These factors make her stay in the company and work hard. I would prefer to work at a global company as