ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Employment law refers to regulations, managerial rulings and standards that address the legal privileges and restraints on workers and their organizations. It connects many aspects of association between employers and their employees. Employment law comprises of a wide range of issues that may occur from relationships between the employer and the employee. Examples of these issues include discrimination, Wage- Hour law, Income safety, collective bargaining and worker health and safety. This paper will discuss worker health and safety as an employment law issue. Worker health and safety deals with protecting the security, health and welfare of workers. It may entail relations among many fields such as medicine, sanitation, safety and communal health. It has developed so much when compared to its beginning in the business industry. The basis for selecting this issue is the fact that worker health and safety has not been given enough attention in the business industry. Impact on the Work Place Worker health and safety creates a safe environment for workers. It protects co-workers, clients, merchants, relatives, managers and neighboring communities. It has an effect on every employee in every work environment. Those held responsible for health and safety management now have more duties added to their collection. Worker health and safety enhances and maintains physical, psychological and social heath of workers in all jobs to the highest degree. It protects workers from departures as a result of health risks in their working environments. It also protects employees in their employment from dangers resulting from adverse health factors. It places and maintains the employee in an occupational surrounding adapted to his physical and mental needs. How the employer manages Worker Health and Safety The employer enhances health and safety practices in an organization. He identifies hazards and determines the health and safety risks involved. He sets appropriate safety controls and gives advices on how to avoid accidents to the employees. The employer also offers training on health and safety. This minimizes the number of harms and deaths. It also reduces property destruction, legal liability, sicknesses, workers compensation alleges and absenteeism. Classes of security teaching assist in the establishment of a security culture in which employees help in developing appropriate safety procedures in the workplace. The employer should ensure that new employees are properly trained. He should embrace th
Any advertisement is aimed at attracting consumers’ attention and making them buy the product. The advertisement under consideration advertises the men’s fragrance Curve. In the first place it is necessary to point out that the visual language of the ad is explicit. The background is black and the major message is revealed in a few words printed in yellow letters. Thus, the black background makes the perfect contrast for the message and the image depicted. Moreover, the black background itself attracts people’s attention. The use of yellow color for the words of the advertisement is also favorable since it harmonizes with the black color and attracts the necessary attention. Remarkably, the major message is printed in different fonts. The main words which are to attract men’s attention (girls, cars and Bla! Bla! Bla! which stands for “whatever you might dream of”) are printed using the largest font. Thus, the code words (girls, cars) are the objects which attract attention. Interestingly, the name of the fragrance and the motto are printed in italicized words using white color. The name of the product is printed using large font, but it seems transparent just like the scent. The effect of transparence is achieved by the use of white lines and black color fill. Apart from the printed words, there is a central image which also reveals the same message. The major space of the advertisement is occupied by an image of a beautiful sexy girl in a negligee. She touches her flowing hair with her beautiful hand. Her mouth is open and her eyes are full of pine for love of men watching at her. It is important to state that the girl is also depicted against a black background, so nothing distracts consumers’ attention from the central image (apart from a message which is a sort of a hint how to get a girl like the one portrayed on the ad). This image is a kind of personification of a man’s dream. Basically, the advertisement shows what men can achieve with the help of the fragrance Curve . There is another important object depicted on the advertisement: the product itself. As many other fragrances its color is yellow. On the ad the product has the same color as the major message (girls, cars). The image of the product plays quite an important role since it is an explicit message what men should buy. The fragrance is depicted under the image of the gorgeous woman, so when a men sees the fragrance, he recollects the beautiful image. Besides, men (potential consumers) will know the product so they will not confuse it with another fragrance with resembling name. Interestingly, there is a box with quite specific information depicted near the image of the product. The color fill of the box is white and the letters in the box (and the lines of the box) are black. This box also attracts consumers’ attention. More so, it is a link to the product web site where more pictures of attractive women can be found (according to the inscription). In conclusion, it is possible to state that the advertisement in question reaches its major aim to attract consumers’ attention. The m
Introduction Ethics involve the morals that govern the conduct of individuals. It is a question of what is right or wrong. Business ethics involve the components of good or bad in the character of the employees or a business. Businesses have ethical policies that govern the relationship among the various business associates. For instance, if it is right or wrong for a cashier to fail to refund balances to customers (Shaw, 2008). Another business ethical issue is if it is right or wrong for a business person to defraud a customer. The aim of this paper is to analyze the ethical situations in Wal-Mart Incorporation using three ethical theories. Consequentialist theory states that the morality of an action depends on its results. If the results are good, then the action is right and if the results are bad, then the action is wrong. Consequentialists determine the right action by weighing the ratio of good to bad outcome that an act will create. There are two consequentialist theories. These are egoism and utilitarianism. Egoism advocates for self interest as its rule. It considers the effects of an action on an individual. On the other hand, utilitarianism advocates that a person must consider the effects of an action on other people. Both egoism and utilitarianism use facts and data to determine the morality of a situation. They do not rely on logic or reason to analyze an outcome. Nonconsequentialist (deontological) theory states that the morality of an act is determined by more than just the consequences of an action. They believe that other factors are important in analyzing an action. On the other hand, Immanuel Kant’s theory does not rely on contingencies and defines actions as right or wrong other than a particular situation. He advocated that moral principles can be as a result of plain reason and cannot be reliant on plain observation. Kant believed that only reason can result to morality. According to him, an ideal moral truth has to be logically reliable or consistent and without any deliberate contradiction (Shaw, 2008). Ethical issues in Wal-Mart’s stores Wal-Mart makes use of the RFID technology. This helps in management of its inventory. It ensures that products can be tracked easily and accurate information about the levels of stock can be obtained. RFID technology does not need any person to operate it. The device scans the products as they roll through its reader portal (“Legal and Ethical Issues Concerning RFID”, 2007). Therefore, this technology can assist Wal-Mart to know when there the stocks are insufficient and can help save up to $I billion of the firm’s costs. As a result, the cost of labor is minimized. This means that employment is reduced and retrenchment is very possible to occur. This is unethical because employees risk losing their source of income. Immanuel Kant would view such an act as logically right. This is because it is reasonabl
This study recognized that the education of patients in various rural areas varies widely and it was due to several reasons affecting the nurses who were to impart this information. There are factors that impacted the education of patients in those numerous rural areas. It is important to study this so as to prevent and to stop the current discrepancies in rural areas. The main purpose of the study was to explore the matter that there are variations of patient knowledge in terms of their healthcare in different rural areas. It establishes what might be the possible causes of these differences based on nurses and which factors arise in the patient education concerning nurses’ academic preparation, years of experience and job roles of the nurses influenced their attitudes and comfort on the matter. Do registered nurses’ attitudes and degrees of comfort affect the patient education in a rural area? This study tries to tackle this research question and uses hypotheses to lead it: Is there a variance in patient education in various rural areas? Are nurses involved in imparting patient education? Does the academic preparation, years of experience and job roles of the nurses all affect education of the patients? Dependent variables are those that rely on another factor. They cannot exist on their own and come up only after the establishment of the independent variable. An independent variable is one that does not need the existence of another factor for it to occur. Nurses’ attitudes and degree of comfort are the dependent variables while years of experience, academic preparation and job roles, are the independent ones. The theoretical framework is expressed through various statements in the body of the study and is based more on a scientific theory. The scientific theory is whereby a certain aspect is based on knowledge that was gathered from information collected. The study illustrates clearly that the concepts of interest are years of experience, job roles and academic education progression of the nurses. It also demonstrates how the concepts of interest come together to define the kind of relationship between them. The framework is related to the body of nursing because it describes in detail how the various factors that affect nurses, end up affecting patient education, a part of nursing. The articles described in the study are very much relevant to previous theories and studies. The independent variables are illustrated through various theories and studies like Kinnaird’s Model of Dynamics of Nurse Participation in Patient Education, the 5 levels of proficiency in the acquisition and the development
Introduction Over the years, commercial real estate investment has developed into a fully-fledged industry that continues to attract more investors. This observable fact has been necessitated by the fact that buying and selling property has proven to work as a financial investment option through which people can supplement their income (Ling & Archer, 2017). Besides, benefits such as appreciation of properties, a favorable reward profile, low liquidity, cash flow, and tax benefits have also played a pivotal role in the high rate of growth experienced in the industry since the turn of the century. However, experts argue that investing in commercial real estate has its risks that every investor has to put into consideration to make informed and intelligent decisions (Rodgers & McFarlin, 2016). This mainly entails conducting a thorough market and property analysis before making any investment. Studies have shown that the importance of conducting the analysis is that it helps an investor to establish whether he or she will enjoy good profit margins and growth from an investment (Coppola, 2014). Real estate is a complex investment that requires an investor to have a good comprehension of the most significant aspects that often influence one’s ability to make decisions that are well informed and intelligent enough. Discussion According to experts in commercial real estate, investment decisions are often influenced by several aspects. One of the most significant aspects is the location of a property (Ling & Archer, 2017). To have a commercial real estate property that has the potential for a high return on investment, it is important to ensure that it is located close to social amenities such as schools, hospitals, shopping centers, major highways, and religious centers. Also, investors need to choose tax-exempt and peaceful areas for their properties. The main reason for this is the fact that these elements make commercial properties more affordable and attractive to their clients (Coppola, 2014). Experts also argue the location of commercial properties is important in ensuring that the needs of the targeted clients are met in terms of scenic views and neighborhood status. Choosing the right location for commercial real estate investment constitutes informed and intelligent decisions because property valuations are often based on their proximity to essential amenities such as markets, warehouses, and transport hubs all of which are integral elements in the daily activities of the clients (Rodgers & McFarlin, 2016). To make the right decisions, experts advise that an investor should make an effort of checking the ownership and intended use of all the free land in the locality to ensure that their future usage will not compromise the profitability of their investment (Ling & Archer, 2017). Adherence to zoning regulations helps one in choosing the right location for commercial real estate investment. Another significant aspect of real estate investment decisions is the horizon and purpose of investm
Introduction In the face of competition, this report presents Vodafone’s strategy aimed at having a competitive advantage over its current and future competitors by adopting several measures aimed at giving consumers greater value for their money. Michael Porter (2004) put forward two fundamental forms of competitive advantage: cost advantage and product differentiation advantage. In cost differentiation, a company lowers its product costs than the prevailing market costs for similar or related products. However, in product differentiation, based on a market analysis, the company chooses a strategy that will give it a unique position among competitors and enable it to have an advantage over competitors. Differentiation frequently entails delivering benefits that surpass those of the competitors, and enables it to create superior value for its customers and establish itself in the market. In this case study, Vodafone seeks to adopt strategies for enabling a competitive advantage over its competitors but contemplates whether it should build its own network to provide the required services or provide them through partnerships and/or acquisitions. Summary This case study on Vodafone, the world’s largest mobile telephone operator by revenue, presents the company’s strategy in its attempts to emerge out of competition from companies offering similar products in the UK home market in 2009. During the said year, Vodafone faced competition from a number of companies in the rapidly expanding market for high-speed internet services in the home market. The increasing demand for these products had attracted not only Vodafone’s traditional competitors such as British Telecom (BT), O 2 , and Orange, but had also drawn attention from other communication firms such as Virgin Mobile and Sky Broadcasting. New competition also arose from arose from Carphone Warehouse and suppliers such as Nokia and Apple. Other firms were also contemplating moving into the high-speed internet services market. Besides changes in competition, Vodafone and other providers faced challenges from rapid changes in technology and regulatory changes in the UK communications sector. Consequently, many operators adopted their own strategies around the consumer’s need for ‘converged services’, meaning that companies could provide two or more services making up the ‘quad play ’ offered by Virgin Media (fixed line telephony, mobile telephony, television, and broadband internet). While most of the competitors offered a combination of the services, Vodafone focused mainly on mobile services and this caused concern to both shareholders and the management. The challenge was to decide if they should provide any of the other services, and if so, should they build their own networks or through partnerships or acquisitions. Analysis of the Major Facts PESTEL Analysis In order to determine the best strategy that should be adopted it is imperative that we determine the roots of the intense competition in the high-speed internet services. A PESTEL analysis shows that the source of competition in the communications sector originated from a number of macro-environm
Sickle cell anaemia is a hereditary disease passed down from parents to their children. The red blood cells, which are typically disc-shaped, take an abnormal shape and form a crescent or sickle form. The disease shortens the lifespan of the people infected by weakening the body’s immunity system thereby making one vulnerable to diseases. Sickle cell anaemia has a high prevalence among people of African descent as well as those in the Mediterranean. In America, African Americans have a high prevalence rate (National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, 2010). The disease has increased in Europe in recent years (Roberts and Montalembert, 2007). The symptoms of the disease start showing after a baby reaches four months. Nearly, all the patients suffering from sickle cell experience painful crises, which vary in length. Sickle cell anaemia leads to two kinds of pains -acute and chronic. Acute pain is very common and lasts for hours or days. The chronic pain is severe and can last for months. It is difficult to bear and limits one’s functionality. The symptoms related to pain or crises are a pain in the bones, chest and joints. The crises occur because the sickle-shaped red blood cells clog becoming sticky and prevents blood from flowing smoothly in the blood vessels. The restriction of blood flow causes pain and eventually leads to the damage of organs, for instance, the spleen. Other symptoms are associated with anaemia. It means that some people exhibit mild symptoms while others exhibit severe symptoms. The commonest symptom of sickle cell anaemia is fatigue where patients generally feel very weak and tired. Other signs and symptoms are dizziness, running out of breath, paleness, headaches, fever and cold feet and hands. Sickle cell anaemia leads to health problems such as eye problems, gallstones, priapism in males or unwanted erections, ulcers that appear on the legs, stunted growth in children and strokes (Vorvick, 2010). The red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen. They contain hemoglobin- a protein that helps to carry oxygen. The red color of the blood comes from hemoglobin. However, in a person with sickle cell anaemia there is an abnormality caused by an abnormal type of protein known as hemoglobin S. The hemoglobin distorts the figure of the red blood cells giving them a sickle cell form due to low exposure to oxygen (Vorvick, 2010). The sickle-shaped cells are fragile and carry less oxygen. The abnormal Sickle cells clog very easily forming clumps and disintegrating into pieces thus interfering with the normal blood flow. Normally, the red blood cells, which have the shape of a disc, move easily through the blood cells transporting oxygen to the rest of the body through the blood vessels but the sickle cells become sticky and stiff hence cannot move easily through the blood vessels as shown in appendix 1 (Lab Tests Online, 2010). The mode of sickle cell inheritance is X-linked and is carried on chromosomes. Thus, a person can be a carrier of a genetic diseases trait without even being aware and passing it to their children. Sickle cell anaemia is passed down to generations when they inherit two defectiv
Introduction As the public relations officer at the Sunrise Real Estate Development Co., the key role of my office is to provide, practice, and manage the flow of information between Sunrise Ltd and its public. The public population includes the clients, the press, the community, and external authorities (Ury, 2000). What direction a firm should deal with in the PR process, using Porter’s “five forces driving industry competition.” In the area of the possible threats of new market entrants, Sunrise is at a good standpoint. This is the case, considering that the major real estate development players in Riyadh, were affected by the Chemco Ltd. crisis. These other players include Royal Garden and the Lake View real estate development companies. Citing that the three companies are the only actors, who have earned customer loyalty, therefore the major brands at the Riyadh real estate market, it is conclusive that new entrants into the sector cannot threaten the success of Sunrise Ltd. is also not threatened by the possible entry of new companies, as they have managed to earn the confidence of their customers. This is partly as a result of the Inter alia warranty, offered by Sunrise Ltd. From the indebtedness of the key players in the Riyadh market, it is evident that the fixed costs of operating real estate development in Riyadh are high. These fixed costs include the procurement of supplies from companies like Chemco, and this will serve to restrict the entry of new investors. In the area of flooring systems, Chemco Ltd. is the only actor, which shows that there is a scarcity of Real estate development establishments. As a result, this will limit the entry of new investors into the real estate development industry. Therefore, all these serve to show that Sunrise, which is among the three key players within the industry, is safe from the threat of new entrants (Gilley & Rasheed, 2000). One major industrial threat facing Sunrise Ltd is the power of the major supplier of flooring system, Chemco Ltd, which has been pressurizing for the payment of the procured flooring systems. The high power of Chemco Ltd. may be attributed to the fact that there are no other suppliers of flooring systems at that part of the Saudi Arabian construction industry. At the moment, there are not many substitute flooring systems within the industry, therefore, this serves to place more power and control in the hands of Chemco Ltd. From the case, the three companies, including Sunrise Ltd, have had difficulties in meeting their financial obligations to Chemco, which clearly shows that switching to alternative suppliers is a major challenge. The vital nature of the flooring systems supplied by Chemco also contributes to the power of Evergreen. This is a threat to the success of Sunrise. This is the case, as customers cannot accept houses without flooring systems. From the discussed power of Chemco, thus the control of the three companies; it is clear that Sunrise