ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Executive Summary The Chinese logistics industry has gained immense importance due to the increasing importance of the country as a manufacturing hub for multinational companies. However, distribution and logistics have been found to be a problem in China due to lack of development, inadequate technology adoption, bad warehousing facilities, etc. This paper looks into the logistics industry in China, and the only solution to the problem found are a heavy investment in the betterment of infrastructures such as railways and roads and advanced technology adoption to increase transparency in the supply chain. Introduction China has emerged as a global economic centre due to its high growth rate. The economic growth has stimulated the country’s development as the hub for world manufacturing, logistics and supply chain has gained greater importance and demand (Kam et al., 2010). In 2005, the Chinese logistics market grew by 24 per cent (Datamonitor, 2006). With the increase in trade relation of the US and Europe with China, the recurring problems of manufacturing and supply chain problems in China have become more evident. In the 1970s, China transformed itself from 500 years of a closed economy to a trade-oriented economy. This reversal in economic and political system led to an increase in Chinese trade. China experienced unprecedented economic growth and an increase in trade, which many believe, had a negative impact on the international supply chain (Kumar & Sosnoski, 2009). The supply chain and logistics sector in China is also at its infancy and therefore cause a lot of problem to international manufacturers. Many believe due to the recent appreciation of Renminbi (RMB) and removal of tax benefits for Chinese based exporters, there evolved the need to revamp the supply chain and logistics in the country (Ganster, 2009). Transparency in the supply chain is believed to be imperative for successful operation (Ganster, 2009). Therefore, it becomes important to have a great deal of visibility and control over the operational processes. This paper aims to understand the effect of nascent logistics and operational facilities in China and its evolution. The paper discusses the issues related to the Chinese logistics industry and the challenges and benefits they pose. Apart from this, the unique features of the Chinese logistics industry are discussed. Chinese Trade Relations After the progressive economic reform of China in 1978, there has been an in the spurt in the GDP growth rate of the country from 6 per cent in pre-1978 era to 9 per cent in post-1978 era (Hu & Khan, 1997). The per capita income of the economy quadrupled in-between 1980 and 1995 (Hu & Khan, 1997). From 2003-2007, the average growth rate of the economy was 11 per cent (World Bank, 2011). The Chinese economy experienced a growth rate of 10.3 per cent in 2010 (World Bank, 2011). The data demonstrates that the Chinese economy has been growing at a st
Edgar Allan Poe uses addition and omission techniques in his storytelling in order to create a suspense genre instead of horror. The latter form of storytelling focuses on causing the emotion of fear among the readers or viewers, whereas suspense builds a certain amount of anticipation and full engagement in the story. Poe uses omission, where he purposefully dismisses some essential information in order to generate a gap in knowledge. By not explaining the motive of the murder, he allows his readers to have the freedom to contemplate and speculate the reasons for themselves. For example, Poe writes, “A moment more, and I had fettered him to the granite” (Poe). Most of his writing simply describes the details of the events occurring in the surrounding environment, whereas the writer omits critical information on the explanation of motives and reasons behind the given circumstances. In addition, Poe uses addition techniques, where he adds vital details in the storyline, which increases the number of questions asked by the readers. For example, the author writes, “It was now midnight, and my task was drawing to a close” (Poe). It is one of the many examples of addition used in the story. The given form of technique enriches the storytelling process by adding seemingly unnecessary but describing details. In both cases, the writer creates an atmosphere of fear. In the first case, this arises from the mystery of the locus and the sensation of unknowingness and uncertainty of the hero in the world. In the second case, fear emerges from the understanding of the fragility of reality and the human body and mind. Therefore, it is critical to adhere to omission and addition techniques in order to create a horror story with a great deal of suspense. Work Cited Poe, Edgar A. “ The Cask of Amontillado. ” ThePoeMuseum , 1847. Web.
Summary The purpose of the article is to investigate the structural changes in the human brain caused by a learning environment. The study took place in London, where taxi drivers, judged as average people with average Intelligent Quotients (IQs), took part. From the results of the study, the researchers identified that the human brain takes certain structural changes if a learning experience proves successful. However, for people that fail to go through a learning experience successfully, there are no structural changes to the brain. Methods The study used a longitudinal research approach to collect data to make final conclusions and suggestions. In the study, 79 male taxi drivers participated. The investigation started after their initial registration to start the training and after they graduated to become fully qualified taxi drivers. According to previous research studies, in the process of learning about the streets of London, taxi drivers documented a higher growth in the Gray Matter (GM) compared to other individuals. As a result, this particular study was to check if the previous findings were true and to what extent. The test showed that more than 50% of the taxi driver trainees failed to qualify. Not all the 79 subjects investigated at the start of the training went on to pass eligibility. Instead, 39 qualified while the rest dropped out at some point of the training. MRI Scanning and Cognitive tests were applied to make sure that all the participants were in perfect health. In addition, the scans were put in store for future reference to identify the difference between the scans at the end of the learning process. Results and Findings According to the study results, it was identified that trainees that failed to go through the training successfully did not experience brain structural changes. For example, the hippocampal plasticity changes in the brain were observed in the drivers after three to fo
Introduction The preparedness plan is meant to be used by the school in case of any of the disasters listed. According to Hulnick (2004), being well prepared for emergencies and anticipating threats helps to achieve deal with emergencies in a better way. All parents should have a copy of the plan and make themselves familiar with it. The school will ensure that students are aware of the preparedness plan and that they practice the plan for efficiency. Staff members of the school shall be responsible for assisting the students to put the plan in place in case of an emergency. Fire emergency The school is vulnerable to fires due to the use of chemicals, electrical appliances and due to the vast wiring of electricity to all corners of the school. According to Model School (2010), although fire is unlikely if proper caution is followed, there is a threat of fire if the students are not careful and their actions are not properly supervised. In a school fire is one of the emergencies that can occur and for which the school should be prepared. Preventative measures  1. Fire drills should be conducted regularly and their importance explained to the students. This should preferably be done beginning the new school year. Hold fire drills on a regular basis. Have the initial fire drill for the school year in early September. All employees should be assigned appropriate responsibilities to assist the students.  2. The students and staff members should be taught how to operate the fire extinguishers and alarms. Fire extinguishers and fire alarms should be properly marked so that all people can access them. Laboratory  1. Flammable materials should be supervised and stored in appropriate containers. The school will store laboratory chemicals with caution to avoid accidental spills.  2. Incompatible chemicals should be stored away from each other to avoid accidental mixing which could cause a fire.  3. Any expired chemicals should be appropriately discarded. Broken containers should be replaced.  4. Minimal supplies should be kept to avoid risk of chemicals serving as fuel for the fire. Spills should be cleaned immediately.  5. All experiments will be conducted with necessary supervision. Dangerous material shall be stored and supplies made available only to concerned supervisors or teachers.  6. Students shall not be allowed to operate dangerous appliances without supervision. In addition, gas will be turned off when not in use. Classroom  1. Rubbish should be taken out as soon as possible. Paper waste should not be left lying around.  2. Power outlets should not be overloaded. Wires should be well covered and all electrical hazards removed.  3. Movable heaters should be avoided in addition to candles. In order to protect the students from a fire, the following should be observed as a prevention measure. Gymnasium  1. Emergency lighting shou
Introduction Transnational organized crime is a big business in the current international system. It takes place when individuals engage in the sale of goods without acquiring necessary documentation. This affects the operations of the state because individuals conduct business without paying taxes to the state. For instance, they import goods that are of low quality, which offer unnecessary competition to local industries. Billions of dollars are generated each year through illegal trade yet such money is never captured in the GDP. In fact, studies show that organized crime has the capability of destabilizing countries and even regions if preventive measures are not put in place 1 . Development is usually affected when groups engage in illegal business that cannot be included in calculating the country’s economic growth. Studies show that transnational organized criminals tend to interfere with local peace and stability because they fund local terrorist groups, as well as other criminals. This leads to augmented rates of bribery, extortion, clamoring, and organized bloodshed. Since transnational organized crime results to violence, it would be difficult for investors to operate in major cities. Studies show that organized crime affects both developing and developed countries. Money laundering affects the banking system globally because it takes place through financial institutions. Many people are victims of identity theft in the current international system mainly because of transnational organized crime. Women and children are kidnapped to be exploited sexually whereby they are recruited as prostitutes while young children are forced to beg in the streets. Carjacking is on the increase because of the availability of markets abroad. The health of individuals is also at risk because substandard medicine has gotten its way into the market through transnational organized crime. It is approximated that each country suffers from the problem of counterfeit goods, which are produced and distributed with the help of transnational organized criminals 2 . This hurts the investors who engage in legal business, as well as the government because it cannot collect taxes. This article explores the effects of transnational organized crime to economies of many countries in the world. The paper conducts a brief literature review by analyzing two articles that are related to the topic. In the subsequent section, the paper suggests a method that would be utilized in understanding the effects of organized crime on the economic policies of states. The paper utilizes a quantitative data collection method. The major data collection instrument would be the questionnaire, which will be delivered to the sample population on-line. Finally, the paper suggests a data analysis method whereby the research hypothesis would either be rejected or upheld. Problem Statement Transnational organized crime is responsible for the increased public spending, particularly in security and policing because such crimes demand advanced technological skills and eq
Introduction The main focus of the project is to analyse the phonological, structural and lexical features of the American dialect. This project enables one to identify the distinct features of the English language by using American English as a case study. Data collection The paper relies upon the use of secondary resources. It employs books, peer reviewed journals and reputable websites that focus on the American dialect. Since it was necessary to place the stated information in context, the group also used recorded videos to understand the implications of these variations in speech. The references selected are listed in the ‘Works Cited’ section of this report. Findings American English is one of the most heterogeneous English dialects in the world. Different regions have their own phonological, lexical and structural peculiarities. Nonetheless, some common elements exist in most of these dialects. Furthermore, one particular form of American English that has gained general acceptance in the public is the General American sub dialect (GA). Numerous linguistics prefer using this form because it is devoid off the many distinct features that people regard as regional ones, such as the Southern or North Eastern features (Wolfram & Ward 96). Therefore, for purposes of a scholarly analysis on the paper, this report will dwell on GA. This form of English became popular owing to its popularity of use in the mass media. Several newscasters, film stars and commercial advertisers speak General American English. Therefore, because most people look up to these news, anchors and other media personalities as language role models, then this has become the conventional American dialect. A number of people who try to learn the English language as a second language will use GA as a reference. However, the dialect is distinct to certain regions of the country, such as the suburban Midwest. Some of the areas that speak it include Omaha, Lincoln, Iowa, Chicago, Peoria and other parts of Western Illinois (Buffet 3). A number of stereotypes have emerged concerning this mode of the English language such as GA being an accent less dialect. However, linguistic analysts know that there is no such term; all dialects are unique in their own right and do not need to be regarded as offshoots of ‘standard’ English (Roach 240). In terms of the phonological distinctness of General American English, the group found out that the phonetic realisations associated with the phonemes were the thing that set this dialect apart. General American English lacks the short form of the vowel ‘o’. Furthermore, it tends to centre its diphthongs. In this regard, many speakers of this dialect can turn two vowels into one as defined in the ‘cot – caught’ merger. When pronouncing the word ‘caught’, GA speakers will turn the two vowels in the middle into one sound that will closely resemble ‘ah’. In this regard, ‘caught’ and ‘cot’ are transformed into homophones by these speakers. This dialect does not use the
In her The Space between the notes, Sheila Whiteley provides a very thoughtful analysis of the most famous musical groups of the 1960s and their influence on the counterculture. Whiteley gives numerous examples of an impact of socio-cultural aspects on a creative work of such famous music bands as Pink Floyd, the Rolling Stones and the Beatles. Special attention is given to such a notion as psychedelic rock. Speaking about the Beatles the author states that the creative art of this group externalizes the whole period of its creation. The author begins her analysis with the famous album Sgt. Pepper , which is considered by many critics as the most powerful album in the history of the rock music. Whiteley states that Sgt. Pepper has been a decisive moment, which has made a revolution in the history of the world music. The year of the album creation was also revolutionary for the western civilization. It was a period of time, which is characterized by a struggle between the liberalization and repressions. This year the debates concerning the legalization of marijuana took place. The same year the Youth International Party was founded and the pirate radio was suppressed. It was the year of the killing of Chee Guevara. Under such circumstances, Sgt. Pepper was associated with the manifestation of optimism, liveliness and sweets of life. This mood of optimism runs like a golden thread through the whole album beginning from the opening track. The album was revolutionary in terms of the usage of the conceptually new approach to the music creation. It is characterized by distorted guitar sounds, repetitions of rhythmical strains, combinations of bass guitars syncopations and sharp chords accompanied with soft melodic lines. The author resorts to the detailed analysis of the songs of the album. For instance, Sheila analyzes such famous song written by Lennon together with McCartney as With a Little Help from my Friends. This song is a typical example of the optimism, which is characteristic for the whole album. It has a strong repetitive rhythmical line and a distinct chorus accompaniment, which sounds rather contrastive to the singer. Whiteley emphasizes the specific meaning of the context of this song from the point of view of the psychedelic coding. She tries to connect the meaning of With a Little Help from my Friends with the next song of the album, which is Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds that revels the demands in freedom and love of a lonely person. At the same time, resorting to the deep analysis of the context of these songs, Whiteley underlines the influence of drugs, in particular LSD, on their music. It must be mentioned that Whiteley finds such examples practically in every song of the album. To Whiteleys opinion the images which can be observed in Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds, such as the trip on a boat, a girl with kaleidoscope eyes, cellophane flowers have been effected by a hallucinatory experience. Whiteley emphasizes the fact the album Sgt. Pepper has been inspired
Introduction Research has been used in various fields, including marketing. Managers have realised that making decisions backed by relevant data is critical for the survival of their organisations. Since the inception of computers and the internet, the field of business and marketing has experienced a paradigm shift towards using the internet as a platform to carry out business and related transactions (Malhotra, Hall, Shaw & Oppenheim, 2008). However, despite its various advantages such as reducing the cost of doing business, increasing reliability and convenience, among others. There are some disadvantages such as security and privacy issues, compatibility, losing human interaction in doing business, among others which have proved to be a hindrance to some potential customers from adopting this new technology (Mathews, 2010). As a result of this and other issues concerning online or e-commerce, there is a need for firms to carry out research so that they can be able to make rational decisions that will, in the long run, help them fully utilise online business as a competitive advantage (Eisingerich & Kretschmer, 2008). In this paper, SPSS software has been used to analyse a questionnaire administered to 5000 people who visited the Auto Online website. It is worth noting that out of the targeted respondents, some bought their cars online while others bought their new car through leadership. To accomplish this task, the essay will determine the level of measurement of all the questions in the questionnaires, carryout suitable descriptive statistics of all the 19 questions. Lastly, cross-tabulation will be carried out to establish if there is a relationship between gender and respondents purchasing a new car from the company’s website and the relationship between gender and the frequency of visiting the website. The culmination of the task is to bring to light the marketing implications of the findings. Level of measurement It is worth noting that in any research, the data collected falls in one of the four levels or scales of measurement; nominal, order, interval or ratio scale. Variables falling under nominal scale have value but with no mathematical interpretation and have a difference in quality but not quantity. The major characteristic of this level of measurement is naming or labelling attributes. Data can only be put into groups and counted by frequency (Burns & Bush, 2010). Data are falling under ordinal exhibit certain order or ranking from the lowest to the largest or vice versa. The order is indicated
Introduction The Milkmaid is a painting by the Dutch artist Jan Vermeer, painted around 1658-1661. One of the most famous works of the master, it is now kept in the Rijksmuseum. In this picture, a gentle maid with downcast eyes carefully pours milk from a jug into an earthen bowl. The arrangement of details, the still life, and the light from the window reveal the artist’s skill and a fresh look at the everyday life scenes of that time. Design Principles De Hooch and Terborch were the pioneers of depicting urban dwellers in their everyday life, but Vermeer created a unique work. The picture attracts viewers with its compositional simplicity. At first glance, it seems that there are very few details on it. However, upon close examination, one can see masterful work with light. Daylight from the window illuminates the maid, standing in partial shade. However, a white line runs along the contour of her back, which creates volume and shimmer. In her monumentality, the milkmaid looks like the embodiment of virtue and care for others, as supported by the cupid symbol on the wall below. Her sleeves are rolled up to reveal crisp white hands and darkened by hard work palms. However, the pin shadow on the wall does not come from daylight from the window, creating the impression of an additional light source in the room. X-rays of the painting showed that, at first, the artist wanted to depict a rectangular object on the wall and a laundry basket instead of a foot stove. Reducing the number of details helped Vermeer to focus all viewers’ attention on the woman’s figure. Stale bread, broken into sloppy pieces, vividly rendered with masterful textures. Moreover, the effect of sunlight is conveyed by the technique of pointillism using small strokes and dots ( The Milkmaid – Google Arts & Culture ). For example, a glazed blue jug, on which a small ray of sun falls from a window, creates the effect of shimmer and shine. It echoes in color with the tablecloth and skirt of the maid, but at the same time contrasts with the rest elements of the still life. The artist’s attention to detail allowed him to fill the picture with life. One gets the impression that the room is filled with cool dampness and the sound of pouring milk. The woman’s lowered gaze, carefully observing the stream of milk, emphasize her neatness. In the literature and painting of European artists of the time, maids were depicted as symbols of male lust, and this symbolism was often highlighted in paintings. However, Vermeer was one of the first to portray the servant with sensitivity and dignity. Vermeer emphasized the figure of a woman in the foreground, showing her direct responsibility – taking care of the house ( The Milkmaid – Google Arts & Culture ). However, the maid is not devoid of mystery. The expression on her face is an open question, what are her thoughts doing at this moment. Conclusion Vermeer romanticizes not the woman as an object of desire but her persistent, titanic work to pre