ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The debate that tax cuts may increase disposable income or reduce burden and boost economic growth is controversial and unsettled. Some believe increasing tax burden on corporate inversely affect the social welfare of the economy while others argue that they enhance growth. Those who are not satisfied with the tax-cut arguments believe that the revenue earned from increased taxes can be directly invested in developmental activities. This essay discusses some of the arguments for and against reduction of corporate taxes and the way it may affect the social welfare of the economy. One of the arguments presented in support of tax-cut is that taxes have an overbearing burden on firms. The tax burden argument suggests that taxes already are overbearing burden on the organizations that pay them. These taxes are believed to directly affect the business revenue and/or increase the cost to the companies. More directly, taxes have a negative effect on the profit of the businesses. When profits are lowered, it reduces the capability of firms to expand their business, employ new people, or invest in newer avenues. Further, the supporters of this argument believe that as different states different tax burden, the businesses tend to move to states that keep the tax burden lower. In other words, the supporters of the tax-burden argument believe that with higher tax rates, the profit of firms are reduced therefore, reducing the capacity of companies to expand business. However, the tax-burden argument has certain flaws. Critics believe that state and local taxes on businesses have a relatively small burden operating costs and therefore have little effect on firm’s profit. These after-tax profits are also lower as these figures do not capture the real tax cut as the “tax incidence” (i.e. people who actually pays the taxes) are not considered while making these accounting calculations. Further, after-tax profits of the firms do not vary significantly after the state taxes are applied to their profits. This is so because the federal taxes have a leveling effect on the state and local taxes deductions. Further, taxes provide support to the public, which in a way is aimed to reduce costs of businesses. Therefore, taxes are not essentially burden to the firms. Therefore, understanding the pros and cons of the tax-cut arguments shows that state and local taxes have a small burden on the businesses and are unlikely to affect their operating costs. Another prevalent argument for tax-cut is supply side argument. It is argued that tax cuts allow firms to increase their profit and therefore their savings, which is directly invested towards economic growth. Individual tax cuts also enhance the propensity of people to save more and therefore increases their desire to earn more. In case of businesses, applying similar argument, it can be intuitively deduced that lower taxes would increase profit, and therefore, higher liquidity to invest in different areas of business. Some of the problems with the supply side argument are that research demonstrates that the positive effect of tax cut as an incen
The history of mankind is impossible to forget. Archives, historical notes, and other writings save the reminding about the periods how people live, about the political and economical situations in the world. The appearance of cinematography allowed people not only to read about the past times but also to see what was happening. Documental and entertaining films give people an understanding of people’s lives, which keeps our memory and imagination work. The film “The Grapes of Wrath” is one of the examples when the historical events and politico-economical conditions are taken as the basis. The film “The Grapes of Wrath” was directed by John Ford. The film was based on John Steinbeck’s novel “The Grapes of Wrath”, but to the word, the ends of the film and of the book are different. The film tells about the times of the Great Depression in America in the 1930s. Being turned out by the crisis, ruined farmers from Oklahoma are searching for a better life in California. But their hopes were vain and they do not get happiness and calmness in the new place. The Great Depression follows them, ruining more and more people’s lives on its way, and reaches these farmers again. The film is concentrated on Tom Joad, who was released from prison and went back home with the hope to start a new and happy life. But it did not appear to happen. Coming home he sees all that disaster and poverty, where his family appeared. Watching the picture of his return, it is greatly understood the condition of the whole society. Even if the local preacher had lost his faith, there is nothing to tell about other people whose level of belief was on the lower level. Believing in a better life in other regions, people go to California. The journey was difficult and as they did not receive the satisfaction and desirable result from it also appears
Merging and acquisitions are tricky investments in a business market. The benefits can be estimated, with 50% accuracy. Nevertheless, the value of such transactions must be better before the merger. This can only be achieved with good business strategy, policy change and management. We would review policies that would enhance the productivity of DaimlerChrysler merger (Bradsher, 1999). Mergers issues can be transformed to the company’s advantage when it implements IT security policies listed here. Each Policy Review and Recommendations Presentation Would Address the Following   * Name of Policy   * Rationale for recommendations   * Organizational Issues   * Training Issues and Communication Issues Confidentiality Policy The employees must abide by the policy. Confidentiality policy would protect the integrity of DaimlerChrysler Corporation, protect the rights of clients, protect the rights of each staff, protect the information collected from other organizations and moderate the quality of information in the organization. Rationale for Recommendations Confidentiality policy helps to protect the information of each employee and clients. The list of the sacked workers is kept secret until the next board meeting. Information regarding an employee would be released with the individual’s knowledge except in extreme cases. Client’s information should not be released to a third party. Disclosure of information relating business transaction must flow due procedures from management. Business transactions with clients and organizations should be kept safe and confidential. Organizational Issues The policy may affect the communication process in the organization. Dissatisfied workers would see management as secretive with a hidden agenda. Training and Communication Issue Training must be mandatory to train each member of the management team and the employees on the implications of policy. It is difficult to implement because of rumours and access to secret files. Disgruntled staff would s
Immigrant communities play a significant role in the analysis of an urban environment. First and foremost, it should be pointed out that immigrant flows are, as a rule, unequally spread throughout the country. In other words, immigrants tend to prefer big cities to small communities. The relevant phenomenon might be explained by a series of factors. One of the principle reasons to prefer such large cities as Los Angeles and New York resides in the fact that they open up more opportunities for immigrant groups to strengthen their positions in the social and political life. Thus, immigrants have more chances to unite on the common basis and receive more instruments to achieve their aims (Nicholls 9). In addition, big cities enable immigrant communities to lead a reserved life in case they choose to. In other words, those groups that do not search for efficient assimilation or fail to fulfill this aim, have a chance to create their own
Quitting smoking requires setting up goals that can be attained in accordance with the commitment one has towards the achievement of the established goals. The most challenging task during the program was to manage the withdrawal symptoms associated with quitting smoking. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of the contemporary lifestyle management plan that was developed to assist in quitting smoking. While setting up the goals for evaluation and reflection on a lifestyle management plan, one sets given rules to guide his/her goals to enable the realization of the progress. Some goals may seem easy to be attained while setting them up. But in real-life conditions, they could turn out very difficult to be achieved. Realistically, not all of the set goals can be achieved; this is due to laxity in implementing them and the associated difficulty in letting go of the past lifestyle (Anderson, 31). The idea of compromising with goals is common when no pressure of punishment is put on you in case you break the set goals. This is because lifestyle management is an individual person idea/principle that does not incur obvious punishment, therefore, the aspect of compromising and laxity in implementation becomes a hindering factor in achieving positive results. To some extent, personal behavior changes in every environment and it depends on the factor that influences it. Due to life dynamics, one is prone to change either in behavior thus influencing positively or negatively on the set goals. Theoretically, one wishes to accomplish all that is set, although under normal circumstances not all is done. Therefore, this fact becomes a barrier to achieving one’s goal. On the contrary, some environments may be of great help in achieving the set goals. For instance, the colleagues, I hang out with, influence the achievement of my set goals. If you share your goals with people who consider them positively, these people could help you to achieve your goals and vice versa. “The environment you will be in becomes a determining factor on compliance with your plan” (Anderson, 49). To make sure that all the set goals are achieved, it is important to seal all the loopholes through setting up achievable goals. This helps to concentrate fully on what you believe can be attained. The use of smoking aids entails the use of stop smoking aids, such as nicotine inhalers and stop smoking pills, which made it easy to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked during one week. Initially, I had planned to reduce the smoking rates to half a packet; however, the smoking aids made the process easy and I readjusted my goal of five cigarettes during the first week. The nicotine replacement therapy also contributed significantly to the easy realization of this goal (Borland, 237). A
Weber and Web Talent represent internet marketing agencies with different approaches to clients and their specialty. As per Weber, it appears to have an understandable and intelligible website that aims at attracting customers with a wide array of services. While it persuades a target customer by giving an abundance of testimonials and successful projects, it might lack the professional tone that the other agency has. As it concerns Web Talent, its website design is more minimalistic (“Web Talent,” n.d.). The website’s strength is the detailed descriptions of the Internet marketing services they provide, but the weakness would be a lack of engagement with the customer. I think that Weber is more attractive for customers since it presents information in a comprehensive and accessible way and leaves no room for vagueness by giving explicit detail of their specialization (“Weber,” n.d.). It also allows potential clients to see their specific scope of work, a wide variety of completed projects, and their clients’ current success. While the other website evokes an impression of being professional, it is harder for potential clients to see why this particular service is better than the competitors. Although no company can be proficient in every aspect of marketing, Weber seems to have an extensive set of tools and opportunities for both traditional and Internet marketing. I would focus on Weber for both aspects since I believe that this approach will lead to the best results in terms of the cohesiveness of the marketing campaign. Given that the same company will
Introduction Recently, the author of this paper had a practicum at Cobb and Douglass County Public Health Department in Atlanta, Georgia, participating in the programs related to tobacco use prevention (Cobb & Douglas Public Health n.pag.). Thus, the author’s activities were related to smoking, tobacco prevention, and tobacco quitting. In this paper, the experience that the author obtained will be described, and the changes in her competencies will be discussed; it will also be explained how the participation in the program has assisted the author in supporting her ASPH MPH competencies, and how her knowledge gained during the coursework was implemented throughout the practicum. The Practicum Experience During the practicum, the author of this paper accomplished several tasks on smoking and tobacco prevention. In particular, a PowerPoint presentation explaining the nature, risks, and benefits of electronic cigarettes was created; the presentation proved useful in meetings and various events dedicated to tobacco prevention. The author also designed flyers on the Georgia tobacco quitline. These flyers were then given to people; this activity was aimed at permitting them to gather information about the use of tobacco more efficiently, as well as to find out better how they can stop smoking, and receive assistance while doing so. Also, several youth tobacco prevention meetings and coalition meetings and health fairs were participated in. Participation in these events allowed the author to carry out several practical activities that involved direct communication with individuals to whom the information about the adverse consequences of tobacco smoking and the ways of quitting smoking could be helpful. Such experiences will be of use in the author’s future career as a public health specialist. Changes in the Author’s Competency The practicum at Cobb and Douglass County Public Health Department was rather fruitful for this paper’s author. While doing the practicum, she was able to obtain a large amount of experience, which will undoubtedly help her future professional activities. The significant
In the article, the author identifies the issue of language extinction as an urgent matter that must be addressed. Over the recent centuries, over 6,500 languages have gone extinct and most linguists estimate that even more will cease to exist by the end of this century. In accordance with a recent article by Times News Service (2019), Muscat, an Omani specialist, calls for support from the natives in keeping the Omani languages alive. Like many other languages today, the Omani dialects are almost becoming extinct as many of their native speakers are barely cognizant of them. Although I agree that there is a need to save the Omani languages from extinction, I disagree with the approach proposed by the author. The author argues that language preservation can only be achieved by proactively engaging indigenous speakers. Such an argument is rather a biased point of view as it disregards the contribution of non-native group. In the article Harsusi, Safia admitted that she was willing to pass it to her children but not teach anyone else the language (Times News Service, 2019). Evidently partial, she said her intent is that the language should remain exclusively for Harsusi members. People must come together as the speakers of a particular language and make a joint effort to preserve language. This is because language is not only a social phenomenon, but also the national heritage of the people. It is the basis of the foundations of spiritual culture and is closely connected with national psychology, the identity of the people. Mastering a language is inseparable from understanding the national character of its speakers and their values, which are the result of cultural and historical development. According to the article, Dr. AI Jahdhami, while speaking solely to Times of Oman says it is upon the speakers of the dying languages to see to it that they do not dissipate by upholding them (Times News Service, 2019). Lawati echoes the same idea by stating that competent authorities should set up institutions for preserving imperiled tongues that are on the verge of extinction. Languages usually reach the point of crisis after being displaced by a socially, politically, and economic dominant one. Consequently, there is a need to put collective efforts to promot
Introduction Nowadays, the problem of the ecological situation is an important area in many studies. The state of human health directly depends on the environment, and therefore, people should be aware of the situations around them. In this case, the informants are magazine and newspaper articles, as well as news on television and the Internet. The articles Forget Shorter Shower” and “Waste Not, Want Not have” represent a set of knowledge and ideas about current issues and how to respond to them. It should be emphasized that the two vital texts have a common narrative structure, message, ideas, and explanations about the proper interaction of man and nature. Main body First of all, it is worth noting that the articles by Jensen and McKibben have several similarities and coincidences. The texts relate to a specific style of speech and narration – in this case, journalistic. In addition, in the works of the two authors, there are such characteristic artistic techniques as irony and notes of sarcasm. The writers use such a literary technique as the deliberate repetition of words or phrases to find a response from the reader and create a symbolic understanding of the world. Jensen sets out in a short and precise form the problems of the effectiveness of specific measures. Whereas McKibben talks about the types of waste that violate the natural cycles of life in nature and have negative consequences for humans. Moreover, they clearly follow the logic and structure of mental activity, see the whole picture, and identify problems and ways to eradicate existing environmental “ailments.” They touch on those aspects of public life, which previously, even if they paid attention to, but did not speak out, did not cover these pressing problems for everyone to see and understand. Jensen’s statements subtly and satirically address historical moments and interpret them in the spectrum of modern realities. There, the author asks several questions about the root causes of blatant injustice in relation to the environment and the consequences that have occurred. The author points to the inaction, lack of initiative of the people to influence the state of the entire planet, and unwillingness to respond to current difficulties and radically change the future of the next generations. Thus, he gives readers food for thought, a starting point for independent ideas. Jensen teaches them to think and not just to contemplate what is happening in the world. Together with his audience, the writer attempts to find intelligible answers to the questions posed in his arguments. McKibben states in his article that the natural heritage is increasingly threatened by destruction due not only to natural events but also by the actions of the public. These impacts can further aggravate the situation, causing dangerous, harmful, and destructive environmental phenomena. It al
People have different reasons for migrating to other places. During this process, they experience diverse challenges and impacts upon settling in foreign countries. Women, in this case, have some reasons for their migrations. At first, women face diverse challenges in securing visas in order to move to their countries of choice. In comparison, the females undergo several problems than the benefits while in the foreign land. From this point of view, women have more things to lose as an alien than men do. Notably, if a female wants to migrate, she experiences more difficulties in securing travelling documents like clearance forms at the immigration department and obtaining a visa than the male counterpart does. For example, some countries have extremely strict policies on women migration to foreign nations than men. Evidently, these scenarios affect the women psychologically, as these are gender-based forms of discrimination that needs to be addressed worldwide. These inequality acts can cause low self-esteem in women; thereby, lowering their work productivity. When these migration rules seem tough for women, they ensure that they reach their destinations by opting for other illegal means. An example of these options is human smuggling. At the same time, smugglers exploit these women sexually and criminally. At present, most of these women have contracted HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. These acts do not only cut short their dreams but also shorten their life span. This vulnerability makes women lose more than men do. In line with this, women secure low paying jobs such as caregivers, sex workers, domestic house workers, and mail-order brides. Although they receive cash in return for their services, their economic status remains incomparable to the native women in the foreign country. Moreover, they are exposed to harsh working conditions; for example, no job breaks, no rewards for overtime work, and even verbal abuses. From the onset, these jobs are exploitative and are always meant for those people who are at the lower end of the socio-economic status. Sadly, the change in earning level sways most women, especially mail-order brides, into abusive marriages. As a result, the women lose their dignity, self-esteem, and worth. These women can also incur physical injuries, hence leaving a stressful life. This is contrary to men, who do skilled jobs and are accorded automatic job protection cum benefits. Additionally, most women migrate in order to unite with their families. From the economic point of view, these women do not add substantial values to their husbands’ incomes. Apart from the family unification, these women mostly deals with household chores and to some extent, settle for low paying jobs since they have no skills. From another point of view, if a woman migrates to seek employment in the diaspora, the husband leaves all the family responsibilities to her. Culturally, most men do not feel comfortable if their wives earn more money th