ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
A Beautiful Mind (2001) portrays the real-life drama of John Nash, an outstanding mathematician, covering the years of his life when he was diagnosed with schizophrenia and describing how he dealt with his illness. Apart from being a brilliant piece of art, the film is particularly attractive to scientists in the areas of mathematics and medicine. Nash suffers from schizophrenia—a serious mental disorder characterized by “hallucinations, delusions, reduced social drive, apathy, and cognitive impairment” (Mueser & Duva, 2014, p. 476). This disease affects 2% of the world’s population (Cuesta, Ugarte, Goicoa, Eraso, & Peralta, 2007). Schizophrenia combines obsessive and psychotic compulsive syndromes (Guillem, Satterthwaite, Pampoulova, & Stip, 2009). John Nash has hallucinations of three people: his roommate Charles, the U.S. government agent Parcher, and Charles’ niece Marcee. Nash develops symptoms of paranoia as he thinks that Parcher is trying to kill him. When people become aware of Nash’s mental problems, they are supportive and sympathetic but scared at the same time. Nash’s wife Alicia is especially devoted to her husband, although she admits that his condition is troublesome. His former Princeton colleague Martin Hansen, now the dean of the mathematics department, allows Nash to work in the library. When John has hallucinations again, Hansen supports him and does not make him leave. Such a reaction gives Nash the strength to fight his illness. The portrayal of the main hero and his relationships seems realistic. Nash’s character illustrates typical schizophrenia symptoms: He cannot distinguish reality from delusion and he has difficulties communicating and sustaining relationships with people. The actor’s performance is convincing. While John received excellent emotional treatment from his wife, his medical therapy could have been stricter. Nobody controlled his pill consumption, and he hid the pills instead of taking them. Such behavior led to new complications, which could have been prevented if he had been kept in the hospital. In that way, he could have been cured earlier and would have had the possibility to live a normal life and make a bigger contribution to science. The filmmaker’s show scenes depicting Nash’s treatment in the hospital to make a significant impact on the viewers and to demonstrate how serious the illness is and how painful the methods of treatment are. Insulin shock therapy is one of the established treatments for schizophrenic patients (Doroshow, 2007; Shorter & Healy, 2007). Insulin coma, as well as electroconvulsive treatment, is considered dangerous because of its side effects (Shorter & Healy, 2007). However, it has a positive effect on patients suffering from schizophrenia and has even been called “a key moment in the development of American psychiatry” (Doroshow, 2007, p. 213). To lead a successful lif
Introduction Literature is one of the many ways through which we synthesize information about different elements of human nature. Interestingly, most works of literature reflect the lives, aspirations and dreams of authors. One such literary work belongs to Annecy Baez, who is a poetic and short story writer. This paper presents a literary critique of the short story namely Aura in relation to Baez biography. Main Theme Versus Annecy Baez’ life Baez has written many stories in the book “My daughter’s eyes: and other stories”. However, Aura came out as one of the strongest of them all in presenting reality of life as it was in times of the writer. The story tells of a woman called Aura who was an ardent traditional spiritual healer of her times. It is believed that she had no concrete family background and that her past was like a book without previous chapters. This by itself is surprising since there is hardly any information known about the author, Baez. All is known in most of her biographies is that she was born in Dominican republic, brought up in Bronx and now lives in Irving. Her literature work overshadows her biography. Aura was a spiritual woman who could heal virtually any spiritually related problems. She could exercise spiritual cleansing using concoctions, rituals and magic. It can be argued that this represents the same scenario in which the author herself grew in. this is true bearing in mind that Baez grew up in Bronx, a region which was poverty ridden during her early times. Aura depicts the way poor societies dealt with their societal issues. People sought spiritual intervention for problems such as sexual violence, poverty, restlessness and family issues. It is surprising that Boaz grew up in similar societal settings and this could have inspired her to write this piece of literature. Aura is represented as a mysterious woman with a history nobody could understand. The author used her to expound on theme of the literature. Aura’s character impeccably develops the theme of “society and spirituality”. The author represented her as a mystery which no one could understand. The way the character is represented is a perfect mirror of the real situation the author experienced. This is because she lived in the same society setting that we live in, a society where no one knows the real concise origin of religion and spirituality. Different societies have different spiritual beliefs but the source of such beliefs has no definite proof. One spiritual aspect that comes out clearly from the story is the conflict between different spiritual beliefs. The story depicts Aura as a spiritual r
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is a system that works helps in planning and managing an organization’s resources in an efficient, productive, and profitable manner. It allows an organization to run a synchronized configuration that strategically connects all aspects of the business (Barker and Frolick 43). A successfully deployed ERP system can “increase customer satisfaction, reduce expenditure, strengthen sales, and reduce inventory turnaround times and enhance employee productivity and satisfaction” (Barker and Frolick 43). However, poor planning and organization during the installation of the system are likely to lead to failure. The following are relevant reasons why an ERP installation fails. According to Barker and Frolick, one of the reasons ERP fail is lack of consultation to determine the expectation of the client, capabilities of the product, and overall commitment of the client to the implementation of the project (44). Two examples to explain this phenomenon involves two corporations, Hershey and Whirlpool, who had a problem implementing their ERP system. In the year 1999, Hershey’s ERP system failed to serve it’s intended of the purpose of filling and shipping orders due to some issues that were not addressed well before full implementation; a similar case was witnessed at Whirlpool. The solution to this problem would require a full commitment from the organization, including ensuring that all employees understand and accept technology changes to be implemented. Employees should be made aware of the benefits to be realized from ETP implementation in order to change their perception and make them fully committed (Barker and Frolick 44). A project of an ERP magnitude requires frequent evaluation of employees’ commitment and dedication. Incompetence and lack of expertise in ERP implementation, especially by project managers, maybe a catalyst to the failure of the system. Michael Krigsman, a recognized international analyst, gives an example of a failed ERP implementation in relation to the above (par. 1). Marin County in California had hired a consulting company Deloitte for their SAP implementation but later sued Deloitte for alleged fraud against them. Marin County alleged that the SP ERP software installed by Deloitte failed in its implementation for four years after its initial commencement of usage. Marin County sued Deloitte for withholding information about critical risks for the project, and claiming that their defective SAP public skills resulted in a defective SAP system. Another example is that of San Diego and Axon where the former failed to understand the whole project while the latter supplied inadequate resources and improper governance, causing the system to fail (Krigsman par. 14). In order to avoid this failure, Methodology and a refined governance model would be effective in enhancing decision-making in relation to ERP implementation. Communication is also vital, especially between the company and service provider; this would ensure that the software fulfills functionality, capability, and sustainability status before being implemented. In addition, proper planning would help in eliminating
John Dewey was an exclusively important American thinker who greatly contributed to the philosophical ideas of the twentieth century. His educational and psychological theories and experiments had a global search and noticeable impact on these fields’ development. Besides, this intellectual’s systematic and extensive views in philosophy of religion, aesthetics, metaphysics, logic, epistemology, and ethics were unique (Hildebrand, 2018). Among other significant philosophers, Dewey also explored the concepts of aesthetics and art and their experiences in particular. The philosopher discussed his thoughts in his major book titled Art as Experience . According to Dewey, art is “the greatest intellectual achievement in the history of humanity,” while “aesthetics is central to philosophy’s proper mission: to render everyday experience more fulfilling and meaningful” (Hildebrand, 2018, para. 8). In his book, he also mentions four main objectives of aesthetics. First, to explicate art’s ontology and specify criticism and interpretation functions. Second, to examine its role in projecting, presenting, and reimagining human identity (Hildebrand, 2018). Third, to analyze art’s communicative functions; and fourth, to describe the meaning of its expression as experience. What is more, Dewey tried to emphasize the importance of preventing art’s reduction to short-term pleasant excitements and mere entertainment. At the same time, the museum’s conception of art is also opposed to Dewey’s position (Hildebrand, 2018). Works of art are not only for being observed; humans need to be engaged and feel the specific experience with them. There are two core ideas expressed by Dewey in his book that I can agree with. To begin with, art is indeed the most outstanding achievement of humans. It is unimaginable how people managed to learn to express their feelings, worries, fears, happiness, and the whole range of emotions in any form of art so that other persons can perceive the emotional message of their work. Second, it is necessary to avoid perceiving art as a short-term or everyday pleasure as it is a way for people to lose its value. Reference Hildebrand, D. (2018). John Dewey . Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Introduction Health service accreditation programs are critical for the sphere of healthcare because they prove that facilities ensure patient quality and safety. In order to obtain accreditation, hospitals need to pass regular assessments that are meant to identify whether they operate rigorously and consistently. Unfortunately, the connection between accreditation and patient safety has not received sufficient attention yet. The proposed research will fill this gap, making professionals realise how they can benefit their clients. Background Information In the USA, healthcare facilities usually choose between two organisations that have a right to accredit them: The Joint Commission (TJC) and Det Norske Veritas (DNV). In the majority of cases, they prefer TJC because it started operating in the previous century and has already proved is authoritativeness. In fact, it serves more than 4,000 hospitals currently (Nussman, 2014). DNV, on the other hand, was created only a decade ago. It represents a little bit more than 350 facilities (Nussman, 2014). Joint Commission International (JCI) accreditation provides hospitals with numerous benefits. The most critical one is that JCI emphasises their ability to provide high-quality care and contributes to client satisfaction (“Benefits of JCI,” 2017). Patients become confident that the facility is on its path to reach excellence in performance, so they can obtain the required support. Accreditation also provides an opportunity to reduce risks and costs in healthcare. In order to obtain it, hospitals face the necessity to improve their performance and ensure that all their operations are effective and efficient (Smith, Supachutikul, & Mate, 2014). Thus, it is significant for facilities to identify possible risks and to make changes that provide an opportunity to minimalize them. For instance, by implementing strategies needed to deal with the risk of patient falls, hospitals will contribute to their clients’ safety as well. With the improvement of the quality of services, facilities obtain a chance to reduce costs significantly (Brubakk, Vist, Bukholm, Barach, & Tjomsland, 2015). If professionals identify health issues timely and provide appropriate treatment, they can avoid the use of additional tests and drugs which allows saving money for both hospitals and patients. In this way, it is also important to develop appropriate health service planning, which cannot be achieved without efficient cooperation between healthcare professionals (Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, 2017). Obviously, the attention should be paid to patients as well. Thus, the process of information sharing will enhance, and an opportunity to streamline the process of healing will be obtained (LOGIQC, 2016). Hypothesis and Objectives The proposed research study will aim at the discussion of the impact of accreditation and quality tools on patient safety. The research question may be: while a
Facts This paper analyses a case involving property dispute. In the case, Fred bought a house worth $120,000. He used $20,000 from his savings and a bank loan of $100,000. In addition, he also spent $30,000 to fix some items in the house including a bathroom with power showers and a kitchen with built-in units. The house was valued at $160,000 after the fixing. However, Fred delayed to repay the loan and the bank decided to repossess the property. He wishes to remove the items that were not part of the house when he took it but the bank wants to take everything. The Issue The issue in this case is to determine whether the items that were fixed in the house are part of the house or not (Mossman & Flanagan, 2004). The Rule The Property Act states that any item attached to land is part of the land unless there is an agreement that states otherwise (Sinclair & McCallum, 2005). There are two elements used to determine cases related to fixtures and fittings. The first element is the extent of annexation that means the difficulty with which the item can be separated from the land. Items that are firmly fixed are treated as part of the land. The second element is the reason for annexation (Sinclair & McCallum, 2005). Items that are fixed with the aim of improving the land are fixtures. In this regard, an item is part of land if its removal damages the land to a reasonable extent. These laws were developed to protect property owners against loses related to damage. In addition, the laws were designed to discourage people from mishandling properties not fully owned or breaching contracts (Sinclair & McCallum, 2005). In this case, the property value is expected to remain the same. The outcome of the case facing Fred can be predicted by analysing similar cases determined in the past. One such case is Holland – v – Hodgson [1872] LR 7 CP 382 in which a milling machine attached to the floor with the help of nails was declared part of the land. Judge Blackburn claimed that although the machine could be easily detached, it was attached to improve the usefulness of the land. This finding indicates that the purpose of annexation is enough for an item to be treated as a fixture. In another case, Vaudiville Electric Cinema – v – Muriset [1923] 2 Ch 274, chairs that were attached to the ground using bolts in a cinema hall were declared part of the land. According to the judges, an item that is attached to improve the land is a fixture even though it is not firmly fixed to the land. In a similar case, Lyons – v – London City and Midland Bank [1903], chairs in a cinema hall were declared not part of the land. Justice Joyce claimed that hired chairs were not meant to permanently improve the land. In addition, she also asserted that the chairs were easily detachable. In the above three cases, much consideration was given to the purpose rather than extent of annexation. In the case Berkley – v – Poulett [1976] 242 EG 39, a statue placed on a plinth was declared a chattel but the plinth its
Sampling and analysis are the main constituents of the environmental condition assessment. The processes help the chemists and environmentalist to obtain the necessary indicators of the ecological response to the multiple disturbing factors and establish the relationships between them. Although it may seem doesn’t play an important role and doesn’t largely influence the results, the findings in the multiple research provide a sufficient number of facts saying against this opinion. First of all, sampling is responsible for the validity and relevance of data as much as analysis. Every environmental project is concerned with the quality of the results. And since each project intends to find answers to the specific and distinct questions, the use of appropriate sample and sampling methods is critical. Sampling helps to collect data that make it possible to find whether the hazardous conditions take place at s site and whether they jeopardize the human and environmental well-being (Aarnio, Mattila, Tornroos & Bondsdorff 2011). Environmental sample collection can be regarded a core of any environmental project collection, and there is a set of requirements that are needed for the correct sampling implementation. The sampling course in the environmental curriculum is thus shouldn’t be neglected. During the course, the students obtain the opportunity to find out about the multiple factors affecting the sampling collection and consequently the project’s final results. “Like a living organism, an environmental sample has a finite life span and is as sensitive as living matter” (Popek 2003). The chemicals that are comprised in the sample are exposed to changes and transformation in different conditions and variations of temperatures or pressure. All the members of the environmental project team must be aware of this and many other factors that may result in the invalidity and irrelevance of the collected data. Therefore, sampling methods, techniques, and tools should be investigated and comprehended to avoid sample errors. Laboratory analysis plays an important role in the data collection process as well. The main purpose of the analysis is the conversion of sample into the chemical data. The analysis is a complex process that involves many proceeding methods and requires the specialized knowledge. Although the majority of the environmental projects’ team members will n
Introduction: Effectiveness of the United Nations in dealing with international problems The effectiveness of the UN in tackling international concerns can be evaluated by the growing demands that suggest and require collective intervention from the UN along with the hope and confidence that is declining day by day. This decline in confidence over international level is due to many reasons. On one hand on a global context, it has been established that UN financial support is keeping on diminishing for its activities are limited to lead by some industrialized countries, where it is propelled by the challenge of humanitarian intervention. On the other hand UN has remained unable to maintain a level of peacekeeping within and across country borders and boundaries (Thakur & Schnabel, 2001, p. 3). This research would highlight upon the main issues for which UN is proving itself responsible for lacking credibility in solving international issues. Apart from the human rights and third world development problems, conflicts like Iraq war concerns, UN’s lack of interest in resolving the Iraq issue and the dearth of fulfilling global expectations in maintaining peacemaking are the present concerns from which UN is trouncing. The Iraq Issue: Literature Review Global peace and security have always remained among the UN’s core missions and that even in a manner that UN’s foundation in 1945 was laid upon the building blocks of high hopes and dedicated serving of the UN as a global high command to keep the peace in a post-colonial, post-fascist world. With the closing of the ideological gap between East and West many look to the peace-keeping app
We Shall Remain: After the Mayflower In this episode, it involves the Wampanoag who are local Native American and their political leaders of the other local tribes. Actually, these are the major cohorts used in the entire play which appears to have been directed to the audience to give some in-depth insights and understanding of the political stand and relationships of the locals with their leaders, besides highlighting the kind of social interactions of the people from the society. It is revealed from the commencement of the play that this episode tries to expand the relations of Native American and English men in the agreements that they signed starting with the 1 st treaty which took place between Massasoit leader and King Philips (Bennet 35). The Massachusetts Bay colony platform seems to be more difficult and hard to understand and more challenging to the Christian pacifists. His final decision to form a political coalition with Pilgrims was driven by personal and political gain to form allies against rival tribes (Moore and Bruder 237). Although the Massachusets had welcomed the colonial in a friendly mood, the colonists continued to grew in number; they became less reliant on the Wampanoag and got more interested in their land. Due to high immigration of the Europeans from England, Wampanoag land becomes more squeezed resulting in their resettlement. In early 1660, Europeans introduced praying towns which were used to offer safety to natives as they were changed to Christianity and making their traditions useless hence condemning any traditional practices. It is clear that After Mayflower Wampanoag is not seen as a dormant victim but as an active victim. This is openly stipulated by the decisions that Massasoit and King Philips made of loving their enemies and welcoming them. We Shall Remain: Tecumseh’s Vision This is the second part of the episode and it features on religious beliefs where a young prophet (Tenskwatawa) emerges to claim to have been sent by God to review that Indians have been in terrible straits for adapting western culture and omitting traditional spiritual ways. As the Tenskwatawa went on prophesying against the whites, his brother was organizing and forming military forces from the hostile community to stop and defend the spread of the white people. In this episode, Tecumseh dies as an Indian warrior and a hero in his nation for devotedly fighting for the independence (Moore and Bruder 241). We Shall Remain: Trail of Tears From this episode, it brings the memories of 1838 when Cherokees were relocated from their ancestral land to Indian Territory in Oklahoma. It was a long journey which claimed a good number of the Cherokees in the wilderness. The group was lead by their leaders John Ross and major Ridge who disagreed with the oppressive rules and vowed to serve the interest of their people till the end. Although, more than four thousa