ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The article enlightens the reader on how the reward system has been fouled; for instance, in schools, teachers award students high grades that they originally do not deserve in order to avoid lawsuits. Therefore, the school management pays teachers for the excellent grades that students attain other than the knowledge they acquire. Universities aim at transferring knowledge from the lecturers to the students; hence, grades should arise from the knowledge attained as a means of rewarding students and motivating them. However, grades are viewed as the key to success, whereas knowledge is completely ignored. In addition, parents sue teachers for the poor grades attained by their children in the hope that the grade will rise. Therefore, teachers have opted to issue students with high grades that they do not deserve as a means of escaping suits. In the workplace, the management misuses the reward system when the system is only aimed at benefiting the firm’s productivity other than employees. When a firm rewards attendance and punctuality instead of performance, and in return, it expects to achieve high performance, it can be ironical. In addition, psychiatrists earn a lot when they judge that one is incapacitated, as opposed to when they declare one competent. Therefore, many proceedings always end with the incapacitated verdict. Moreover, violation of rewards occurs when the reward system is corrupt; for instance, an attorney earns more when his client wins a case than when he loses. Whether their clients are guilty or not, attorneys always work tirelessly to ensure their clients win cases in order to acquire a high reward. For a reward for resulting in its intended consequences, managers must implement an effective reward system that is not hypocritical and ironical. Rewards are aimed at motivating employees. However, if the rewards are not effective, employees will be demoralized. Rewards may be misinterpreted, especially if granted for the wrong reasons other than the right ones. For instance, a reward aimed at performance should encourage employees to work hard at their workplace. Management must ensure that the intended rewards boost the morale of their employees. Therefore, in the case of performance, the highest performing employees should be regarded as a sign of boosting their colleagues’ spirit. However, to ensure that rewards are effective and have the right consequences, research on the attainment of performance should be evaluated. Good management should explore on what behavior is actually being rewarded, as unethical behaviors may result from the rewarding system in place. It is common for organizations to use rewards as motivators for their employees; however, to ens
Introduction Admittedly, the vast majority of people spend hours, days or months trying to decide what career to choose. Some of the major factors which influence the choice are salary, schedule and self-realization and the image of the career. If a person likes cooking he or she may consider culinary arts career. One of the most fascinating careers in this area is hot line. Who is a “hot line” cook? Hot line includes all cooks participating in preparing hot foods – “soups, appetizers, entrées, vegetables”, etc (Donovan 18). The term “hot line” was coined since in the majority of kitchens hot food was prepared on the stoves arranged in a single line (Donovan 18). The qualities which any hot line cook should possess are expertise in a variety of dishes, “split-second timing, excellent memory skills, and the ability to keep a variety of dishes in production at one time” (Donovan 19). These people create gorgeous dishes which are artworks. Here cooks can use their creativity and even obtain worldwide popularity. Advantages of the career In the first place, it is necessary to point out that culinary is one of the most ancient and well-developed industries. It originates from “the taverns of ancient Rome” (Mondschein and Matters xii). Nowadays it is a very profitable industry. For instance, National Restaurant Association stated that it was “$558 billion industry” and calculated that “each American eats out an average of 230 times per year” (Mondschein and Matters xii). It goes without saying that such profitable industry presupposes quite high salaries. For example, in 2006 US head chefs and cooks working in “fancy restaurants” made about $60,730. At present the salaries increased. Apart from good salaries career in culinary art can bring satisfaction. Creative people are able to realize their ideas. Reputedly, cook was always a very important profession since no place (restaurants, taverns, homes) or event (conferences, and even wars) could do without cooks. More so, among the first Europeans who set foot on American land there were cooks. At present the profession did not lose its significance and even became “glamorous” (Mondschein and Matters xiii). Thus, the career of hot food cook is very attractive for creative people. Disadvantages of the career Admittedly, this career can have drawbacks, as any other. However, it is important to state that these shortcomings are insignificant (especially in comparison with other professions). First, working at a hot line is “physically demanding” since the cook has to spend hours on his/her feet ( Career as a Chef ). However, there are many people who cannot just sit, they are very active. Thus, if a person active he/she will become a good cook. Some claim that salaries are not high, especially salaries of novice cooks. Nevertheless, t is but natural since in any sphere novice workers do not get much since they are first tried. Finally, many people claim that cooks have too l
Introduction Curiosity is one of the integral aspects of human nature. People have always tried to investigate new phenomena and obtain new information related to some important processes. The thirst for discovery was one of the main moving forces that conditioned the evolution of society and the appearance of critical thinking. One realizes the fact that to predict the further development of a certain issue, some basic knowledge about this very issue should be available. Additionally, there are several tendencies peculiar to every epoch, and they determine its further growth. Speaking about modern human society and the city, it is vital to admit the prevalence of economic affairs and the great role business plays in the life of common people. Analysis In this regard, it is possible to suggest that the evolution of the modern city will be conditioned by the blistering development of the business world and other tendencies related to the sphere of the economy. First, even nowadays we can see the giant buildings which represent various international corporations. However, their further development and growth will obviously impact the image of the city. These companies will play a crucial role in its functioning being the main sponsors of its expansion and providing funds needed to create various facilities. Moreover, the interests of these companies will condition the appearance of the annoying advertisement placed on the new buildings to emphasize the contribution of a certain corporation (Clark and Moir para. 5). The significant deterioration of the state of the environment could be considered another negative point conditioned by the emerging role of business. The fact is that the development of the business world is often followed by the rapid growth of the industry which should provide the new goods and materials needed to satisfy the increased demands (Norris para. 9). Yet, the lack of space and production needs will promote the erection of numerous plants within the city. It will obviously result in the significant alterations of its image and appearance of numerous environmental and social problems. Additionally, the appearance of the new plants and factories will introduce a great need for the working force to perform the main activities. However, the lack of living space and the deterioration of the environment will obviously result in the overpopulation of the city. Nowadays, one can admit the tendency towards the creation of numerous skyscrapers which save space and provide shelter to numerous people (“Global Cities of the future: An interactive map” para. 6). Besides, it is possible to predict the further development of the given sort
The life and dignity of the human race are one of the catholic social values. The church believes and acknowledges that God created man in his image. The church emphasizes that individuals can do nothing to attain or end their human dignity, for it is given by God and not earned. The religion believes that every life, be born or unborn is sacred and is not disposable. All catholic social teachings dictate that every individual has inherent dignity and must be respected (“Life and dignity of the human person”, 2017). This paper focuses on examining the impact of catholic social teachings on life, the human race’s dignity, workers’ well-being, patients’ rights, and nurses’ responsibilities, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. The catholic church has established a service branch known as Catholic Relief Services (CRS). The organization is an international humanitarian agency committed to the suffering and the poor in more than a hundred countries without discriminating nationalities, religions, or even races. The organization was instituted in 1943 and has reached more than eighty-five million needy families every year by providing innovative solutions to hunger, poverty, diseases, drought, and emergencies (“Life and dignity of the human person”, 2017). CRS works closely with Catholic churches worldwide and with organizations that share their commitment and dreams in attending to the needs of the poor and empowering communities. In many countries, particularly developing countries, workers are subjected to poor working conditions. This poor environment places workers at risk of contracting diseases or even getting injured, and in most cases, they do not get compensated. Employees are also paid little salaries that make it difficult for them to entirely fend for their families leave alone take care of their medical expenses. The Christian Brothers Investment Services (CBIS), which the catholic church is part of, ensures that workers’ rights are explicitly upheld during the pandemic. The CBIS is engaging in swift actions on various fronts to stem the adverse effects of the pandemic (“The dignity of work at risk | Catholic responsible investments progress report”, 2020). The organization is installing a sequence of interrelated strategies that are aimed at conserving the dignity of work. The CBIS focus on their active ownership initiative has shifted to addressing the global Covid-19 pandemic. Harassment and violence at workplaces are evident around the globe, from politicians such as heads of states facing death threats to volunteers and apprentices being subjected to verbal abuse and humiliating handling. Firm workers are subjected to sexual harassment to keep their jobs, and street vendors face aggravation from the police (Human Rights Watch, 2020). Journalists are intimidated for publishing their reports, and civil society activists are attacked. Employees across all sectors can be subjected to psychological, sexual, economic, and physical harm. This type of harassment tends to compromise the safety and dignity of work. Patients in hospitals placed in isolation due to medical reasons such as
Humans have been fighting viruses throughout the entire existence of humanity, and nowadays, this topic is as relevant as never before. It can be said that modern medicine is capable of dealing with almost any virus and infection. Policymakers are also taking action to combat disease outbreaks. Mayor Bill DeBlasio and his political decisions to tackle the measles outbreak in 2019 are a prime example (Paybarah, 2019). Fines of $1,000 and $2,000, as well as banning people with signs of illness from going to public places, was a harsh decision (McNeil, 2019). However, it was a necessary measure. In this case, disregard for the principles of individual responsibility and freedom of choice is the lesser evil that was adopted to achieve positive public health outcomes. It is politicians’ duty to preserve and enhance the well-being of society. DeBlasio’s strategy can be considered efficient but unpopular because people do not like to be penalized and ostracized. Cuomo’s actions seem logical since he relie
Introduction Working with diverse populations, police officers have to deal with at least three challenges: racism, language barrier, and cultural responsiveness. The United States of America is probably the most diverse country as it is a home for representatives of numerous cultures and ethnicities. While society benefits from diversity, police officers encounter additional challenges trying to maintain security of the neighborhoods. Challenges and Solutions Overcoming racism through training The first and the most important challenges police officers have to deal with is racism. For example, when a police officer approaches an African American teenager for a check purpose, the black young man may consider this approach as a sign of racism. While there are no research studies supporting the assumption that African Americans are more likely to be involved in criminal activities, it is hardly possible to deny that due to social factors police officers consider it necessary to check every person who may be anyhow related to criminal activities. Nevertheless, it cannot be denied that police officers may approach African Americans more frequently than representatives of other races only due to their racist attitude. One of the solutions to avoid racism among police officers is to ensure proper training on race-blind targeting of population. For example, police officers should be trained to identity and approach only those people who fit the portrait of a criminal based on factors other than race. Adequate training will improve the efficiency of regular checks and decrease the social tensions related to racism among police officers. Training on race-blind targeting should be both theoretical and practical. In other words, training should include field activities to ensure that police officers are able to apply gained skills in practice. Avoiding language barrier through language courses Language barrier is the second challenges for police officers working with diverse populations. For example, when a person convicted in criminal activity is arrested, police officer is not able to declare the rights of that person only because an arrestee will not understand them. As a result, violation of human rights protected by constitution occurs. Furthermore, language barrier contributes to the rise in criminal activity. Professor Mark Prosser conducted an investigation in Strom Lake, a city located in rural Iowa. According to his research, the arrival of Sudanese immigrants contributed to the proliferation of street gangs, ethnic groups who developed a philosophy of taking care of business in the rural community and protecting residents from newcomers (Prosser, 2007). Taking into account that the vast majority of Sudanese residents lack any knowledge of English language, police officers do not have a chance to explain the fundamental principles of personal safety. The solution to the language barrier challenge is two-sided. From one side,
The story of Ruth might seem a minor plot in the grand scheme of the Biblical narrative since it bears relatively little effect on the further events in it. However, as Samjung Kang-Hamilton explains in the story of her personal journey, the character of Ruth represents the embodiment of Christian values such as faithfulness, love, compassion, and loyalty. Therefore, the character of Ruth should be seen as one of the principal role models that represent the ideas of charity, empathy, and fidelity. Ruth’s personality might seem nearly nonexistent at first due to her humility and the lack of need to place herself in the limelight. However, as Kang-Hamilton continues to weave her narrative about Ruth, it becomes evident that Ruth’s actions define her as an extraordinarily loyal, strong-willed, and brave person. Ruth’s decision not to abandon her mother-in-law after the death of her husband but, instead, to support her was unprecedented for the time period, which implies that she was astonishingly loyal and committed. The described character trait harkens back to Kang-Hamilton’s own personal journey since the author mentions at some point that she used to be quite indecisive about her stance on faith and Christianity. Namely, Kang-Hamilton recalls the following: “My practice went off and on for a while until my father told me that I should either commit or not and not be lukewarm” (Kang-Hamilton 48). Therefore, by emphasizing the commitment and faith of Ruth, Kang-Hamilton also addresses her own development. Due to her humility, the role of Ruth in the story might seem minor at first. However, after further considerations of the effects that Ruth’s decision to stay with her mother-in-law entailed, one will have to recognize the importance of Ruth’s character in the Biblical narrative. Ruth embodies the Christian qualities and values that inspire believers and encourage them to improve and follow the word of God. Thus, the influence that Ruth produces on other characters in the story also becomes more apparent with the described considerations in mind. Namely, she turns into the role model for other characters to follow to become faithful and loyal Christians. As the author explains, “Ruth the Moabite becomes the ideal Israelite. It is not where you are born, but how you act that counts” (Kang-Hamilton 48). Ruth affects others by turning into an implicit leader, serving as a role model and a guide. However, apart from representing a strong personality, Ruth also shows a rather peculiar character arc of her own. The humble nature that she used to show at the beginning of her life journey gradually transforms into a much more assertive and decisive personality while retaining her initial humility. Ruth’s character arc culminates with her famous words: “Where you go, I will go; where you lodge, I will lodge; your people shall be my people, and your God my God. Where you die, I will die – there will I be buried” (New In
Introduction Collage is a formal art with the etiological definition borrowed from French; coller to mean glue. It includes paper clippings, ribbons, portions of other art workings, pictures, photos and any other readily available objects. The term collage is attributed to Braque and Picasso at the beginning of twentieth century. Its precedent goes back to as early as 200BC. In the 13 th to 16 th century, Collage was mainly used in the form of gold leaf panel in central places of worship and even now the culture is being maintained. Gemstones and precious metals were symbolically used in the specific design of special religious images such as gods, goddesses’, icons for special royalties and coat of arms of governments. Modernization in the twentieth century has seen the advancement of collage to a new higher level. Collage in the paintings, woods, decoupage, photomontage have all been transformed to the digital era and constitute the Visual and the audio gallery in both print and film industry. Main body “This has enabled the advancement of other disciplines as arch
Introduction Caste systems have existed since ancient times and are still present in the modern world. Those with access to resources and technologies have always used these advantages to establish a dominant position in society. Most people nowadays associate the caste system with ancient or medieval civilizations, while scholars point out that little has changed throughout the centuries. India has one of the better-known caste systems out of contemporary societies. However, the USA often referred to as “the land of the free”, can also serve as an exemplary model of a caste system in the modern world. Main body It is crucial to define the caste system to investigate how it survived all the wars and revolutions. Wilkerson (2020a) states that it is “an artificial hierarchy that helps determine standing and respect, assumptions of beauty and competence, and even who gets the benefit of the doubt and access to resources” (para. 2). Essentially, it sets specific standards that benefit a selected group of people. These standards can take the form of laws that take roots in public opinion and influence society even after being repealed. Wilkerson (2020b) characterizes it as “the subconscious code of instructions for maintaining, in our case, a 400-year-old social order” (para. 11). Racial disparities in the modern US are a prime example of issues attributed to a caste society. Racism and casteism have a lot in common; however, these terms are not entirely interchangeable. While racism is always ethnicity-based, the nature of caste-based disparities is more diverse and can include several different factors. For example, James (2017) cites research that shows discriminative attitudes among medical workers not only towards persons of color but the working class as well. The psychotherapists in the study were less inclined to offer an appointment to a working-class patient compared to a middle-class patient regardless of their race. Overall, there is more to the problem of discrimination than just racism, and the concept of the caste system addresses these issues comprehensively. Casteism ideology often finds success in the most conservative traditionalist sub societies. Shankar (2018) notes that anthropologist Gerald Berreman came to the conclusion that Indian villages and towns in the American Old South have largely similar caste societies after his Indian trip in the early 1960s. Social order in the USA has significantly changed since then, notably due to the impact of the Civil Rights Movement. However, many alt-right movements keep promoting the ideas of inequality nowadays. Shankar (2018) cites “The Bell Curve” as one of the key books inspiring these organizations. This work by Herrnstein and Murray, published in 1994, attributes lower IQ to race and financial status. Despite receiving backlash from the media and scientific community, it has been successful commercially. It supports the conclusion that despite the evolution of American society in the second part of the 20th century, the demand for the casteism ideology remains high. Many of the ideas promoted by the modern ultra-right movements have r
The agile chatter for Lobo’s restaurant contains three vital components. These are vision that is definitive of the restaurants purpose for existence, mission that states how this purpose will be achieved, and success criteria (Brown 34). The restaurants vision will aim at aiding office workers possess more time, more energy, and feel much healthier via the supply of convenient, quick, nutritionally balanced, affordable, and good tasting meals. The mission statement is to create a highly regarded and profitable Lobo’s restaurant and delivery services shop in down town London that will provide a healthy, economical, selection of nutritionally balanced sandwiches, salads, soups, and other finger licking meal fare. Lobo restaurant’s success criteria will be an opening date of June 7 th 2012, indoor sales of £3,000 and delivery sales of £2,500 for the beginning week. Its indoor sales for the first month would be £15,000, with delivery sales of £12,500. Deliveries will all be made within 30 minutes of the order reception, and all in-house customers will be served within seven minutes of them taking a seat. The