ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The author introduces the reader to Mrs. Evergreen, who immigrated to Canada with her parents about 16 years earlier. She immediately took up two jobs as a caregiver. She soon met her future husband and started living together. They had their first child in 2011 and got married in 2014. She became pregnant again and had their second daughter in 2015. Mrs. Evergreen decides to go back to school to pursue another career, but her husband remains reluctant, seeing they only married a year before. However, the husband relented when a family friend agreed to babysit while in school. She becomes a brilliant student and acquires experience by rendering free services in the community. Upon graduation, she gets employed in a beauty care group, where she quickly rises through the ranks to the manager position. However, the entire staff becomes laid off due to COVID-19 government regulations. While at home, she decides to start her venture. Thus, she opens The Beauty Shop . Her former employee hears of her move and goes to court, citing a non-competition agreement Mrs. Evergreen signed with her. Mrs. Evergreen hires a lawyer to represent her, but they lose the case as the court orders closure of her new business. Mrs. Evergreen becomes deeply traumatized and humiliated since the business was rising with customers flowing in steadily before the closure. The retention fees for the lawyers become unbearable, and she must continue to pay her weekly rent. The lawyers ask her to relocate the business, but she declines. At the same time, her two children become infected with COVID-19 as her depression peaks, and she even contemplates suicide. Evergreen starts taking anti-depressant medication. Evergreen’s lawyers countersue Stella (her former employee) for misusing her during her time at their facility. Stella asks to meet Evergreen, but she agrees, though initially reluctant. Stella sees her errors, and both agree to terminate the court cases. Evergreen remains happily married and appreciates the support of family and friends throughout the ordeal. The business boasts over a thousand clients and about 150 five-star reviews two years later. Reminiscing on the trials, Mrs. Evergreen calls for self-assertion and resiliency in tests and calls for readers never to give up since all successful stories begin with challenges.
In this academic critical essay, the article Investigating the Sustainability of a Sustained 360 Process by Frank Shipper will be discussed and evaluated. In 2009, Frank Shipper makes a wonderful attempt to analyze past investigations, where 360-degree feedback is concerned, and to clear up the reasons of managerial effectiveness that is usually caused by the 360 process. The author underlines the crucial importance of this research because of the fact that only a single feedback intervention served as a major ground for many past studies, and the process under consideration has not considered the extremely important need of follow up assistance. A meta-analysis and other composite studies cannot describe the significance of improvements, and a sustained 360 process has been investigated at all (Shipper, 2009, p. 1). I shall agree with Frank Shipper concerning the necessity to continue investigations on the field of 360-degree feedback and admit that the chosen by the author way is rather helpful and interesting: the use of past researches and the ideas of sophisticated people makes this article stronger; and his personal judgment of the situation proves his confidence in own steps and suggestions. Investigating the Sustainability of a Sustained 360 Process is divided into several logical parts, which give clear information about the essence of a sustained 360 process, its development during a certain period of time, its effectiveness, and its influence on other spheres of work. Introduction aims at describing past investigations of 360 process effectiveness; Method explains the choice of a middle-level management development program; Results, Discussion , and Limitations inform about the facts, which have been obtained as a result of author’s personal investigation on this field and the limitations, which have been used in this investigation; and Conclusions is a perfectly arranged part of the article that proves how valuable a sustained 360 process may be for any business practice. The article under discussion will be much useful for managers and other employees, who are eager to improve the arrangement of their work and managerial effectiveness that comes from a single intervention of feedback. One of the first steps, which have been taken by the author, is the evaluation of past investigations, conducted by various sophisticated writers. Mr. Shipper uses the works of the 1990s and the 2000s and analyses the ideas and suggestions, which were offered at 1995, and their implementations at the beginning of the 2000s. Torrington et al (2005, p. 63) explain that “there is a process of continuous feedback between the different stages of human resource planning activities, as they are all interdependent”. It turns out to be crucially important to develop such a system that could be responsible for improvement of the results at any working place, communication between the employers and between the employees, and proper self-organization that may lead to success. One of the best performance management models emphasizes the presence of 360-degree feedback every six months in order to develop
Introduction Many will agree that Claude Debussy (1862-1918), was very instrumental in shaping the development of the present day string quartet; either directly through his composition, or through the influence he had on composers after him. According to Haylock, “Debussy is one of the two most prominent composers in the Impressionism era” (Haylock 2013, 100). The other honor goes to the composer, Maurice Ravel. The uniqueness of Debussy can be attributed to his harmonic progression, personal composition method, the form of piece, as well as how he created various nuances and colors from the instruments. The success and prominence of Debussy is attributed to his unique style, which apparently was a major influence to future great composers such as Stravinsky. In addition, other composers such as Ravel “even took the form of Debussy’s string quartet and used it as a model in his own compositions” (McFarland 2000, 83). Debussy’s Compositions The composition of Debussy’s String Quartet began in 1892 and went as far as 1893 in August. Apart from being an excellent composer, Debussy apparently was gifted in this endeavor, since he did not even face many difficulties in his compositions. For instance, one of his greatest pieces of work is the String Quartet in G minor Op.10, which although intended to be first of two, never got to, since he abandoned the second string quartet. Regarding composition of this great piece of work, Shibatani postulates Debussy’s admission that, “I think I can finally show you the last movement of the quartet, which has made me really miserable” (21). Debussy string quartet was dominantly influenced by the style of Cesar Franck. DeVoto postulates regarding Debussy’s influence from Franck: It is known that Debussy came to a few of Franck’s classes at the Conservatoire, but, for whatever reasons did not stay in them and did not become his pupil. Nevertheless Debussy admired Franck’s music, praising the D-minor Symphony on several occasions, and would hardly have been unaware of Franc’s abundant reliance on cyclic thematic structure. Debussy’s String Quartet of 1893, close as it is to Franck’s in overall form, perhaps shows the greatest kinship to the classical chamber-music tradition among Debussy’s major works (DeVoto 2004, 7-8). Debussy’s String Quartet apparently comprises of the trad
Japan’s Development Into a Superpower First, I’d like to point out that for a long time Japan has been in the same row as developing countries for instance, in the late XIX and early XX centuries, it was still struggling with feudalism and its impacts (Emmerson & Holland, 1988, p.37-39). But the Second World War changed everything, bringing American capital and American major principles to Japan (Emmerson & Holland, 1988, p.67). Another positive stimulus for Japanese economy development was The Korean War (1950-1953), which “provided a sharp spurt to Japan’s economy, as American procurement for the war could be most efficiently and economically accomplished in Japan” (Emmerson & Holland, 1988, p.67). In the subsequent years, Japan’s economy and society not only stopped moving forward but seemed to double the forces. One of the major factors which made Japan so successful is its exclusive attention to technology development. Japanese government managing the economy very strictly and quite successfully, foreseen that technology is the world’s future, and paid very much attention to this very area of the economy. Now we can see the results, using Japanese high-technology items. Thus, Japan and the USA relationship helped the former not only overcome the consequence of the Second World War but helped Japan to learn the major western principles of success. Admittedly western thinks are not the only makers of Japanese success since Japanese culture and philosophy contributed a great deal to the development of such great power. As Masaoka stated Japan is standing “at a point where the Eastern and Western civilization meet,” taking the best from these two civilizations (Masaoka, 2009, p.4). Thus, Japanese policymakers took the best from the western business rules, and Japanese people worked hard using Japanese efficiency, preciseness, and perfectionism, these two factors made it possible for Japan to achieve those great results. It is a well-known fact that Japanese culture and philosophy praise labor and seek perfection, this makes Japanese people work hard and be very precise in this work, they can’t allow their work wasn’t fulfilled imperfectly, they don’t accept defects in their work. It is necessary to admit that though Japan and the USA have had such a long and close relationship there are a lot of people who blame the other for some reason from both countries. For instance, sometimes in media Japanese contemplate the negative impact of the American culture on the Japanese economy and culture, expressing the fears about the negative impact of American economic decline on the Japanese economy; and vice versa, some Americans are likely to accuse Japan as one of the factors which caused an economic decline in the American economy. Nevertheless, relations between these two countries have been still developed, and the two nations only benefit from this correlation. People understand that two superpowers should continue cooperation in diff
A large share of the market for goods as well as services is accredited to organisational buyers as opposed to individual consumers. Organisational buyers include wholesalers, retailers, producers and institutions. They play key role in stimulating demand in the production chain (Palmer, 1999). However, organistional buyers who are charged with the responsibility of making buying decisions for their organisations, tend to be a bit sophisticated as compared to ordinary consumers. They risk taking on a new, probably better supplier in terms of quality and prices, whose product or services has not been proven and could turn out to be risky (Palmer, 1999). The fear of running at a loss is what makes them more complicated as the risk could be greater compared to the possible benefits. They have to make decisions on what and whether to buy, as well as, the specifications to buy. They also have to decide the quantity to buy and from which vendor or producer. Therefore, knowledge of the dynamics of organisational buyers is essential in identifying potential profitable market segments, as well as, locating buying influences which are very important in developing marketing strategies. These are important for reaching organisational buyers effectively through offering response to their needs. Organisational buying process begins with problem identification. At this stage, managers recognize the need to buy a (new) product or to adopt a new technology to support the operations of the firm. General description of the need then follows. Department managers work closely with the purchasing manager to establish the characteristics of the product or service needed in the organisation. An experienced manager/staff or the technical team helps the department manager undertake product specification by developing a detailed description of the required product or service. The purchasing manager, department manager or both then identify several alternative suppliers who can provide the defined standards. In some cases, this would involve advertisement for tender or internet search for the available alternatives. In effect, alternative suppliers or proposals are reviewed and evaluated by the purchasing manager and other members of the decision-making unit. The team identifies the most appropriate supplier in terms of quality and cost-effectiveness, as well as, other bene
Baumgart (2012) found “Ulcerative Colitis and Crohns disease are the two most common types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)” (p.3). While the root of IBD is anonymous, it seems to be an effect of interruption in the typical operation of the immune system. The immune system is the natural system that protects the human body from harm and operates by protecting the body against foreign substances that could potentially lead to viruses, bacteria, or even cancer. In Ulcerative Colitis and Crohns disease, the immune system, attacks the gastrointestinal system, which is the digestive tract or tube in the body that extends from the mouth to the anus (Potter, 2003, p.10). Consequently, in both diseases the intestines develop into chronically inflamed-red, raw, and swollen. This disease is frequently associated with intestinal ulcers (Giddens and Giddens , 2003, p.7). This continuous inflammation can cause a range of symptoms, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, feverish condition, and loss of weight. To discuss the differences between Ulcerative Colitis and Crohns disease, this essay will analyze the patient’s and physician’s opinion concerning the disease. Crohn’s disease varies from ulcerative colitis in that the inflammatory changes are transmural (rather than superficial) and can engage any part of the alimentary tract, from mouth to the anus. Additionally, the two diseases include a wide range of severity. Some Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s disease patients become very sick and debilitated, while, others experience symptoms that are mild and easier to manage (Potter, 2003, p.8). Besides, from the patient’s point of view, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis appears with very comparable symptoms. Individuals with both diseases may feel abdominal cramps, diarrhea, weight loss, intestinal bleeding, nausea, fatigue, and generalized malaise. To physicians, on the other hand, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are relatively different. Although both diseases can create chronic and often enduring intestinal inflammation with related symptoms, unique characteristics differentiates them (see table 1). Table 1 Characteristic Features of Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease Characteristic                Ulcerative Colitis                    Crohn’s Disease              Site of Involvement           Colon and Rectum                      Any portion of the GI tract  Pattern of Involvement        Continuous disease                    Skip disease                 Level of bowel wall involved  Mucosa (inside lining of bowel wall)  Full thickness of bowel wall Granuloma cell type           Not present                           Present                      Fistula
Provisions of Constitution That Allow for Healthcare Policy Regulation The issue of the federal government being able to create, regulate, and mandate health care policies have been discussed in detail over the last decade. The main problem comes from the lack of any provisions of healthcare by the Constitution. However, the first article of the Constitution gives all the legislative power to the Senate and the House of Representatives. Currently, the federal government can perform various manipulations with the healthcare policy according to decisions of the Senate (Tushnet 15). This often creates issues as the definition of constitutional and non-constitutional policies may differ between the representatives of different parties. The largest issue that was encountered in the past decade concerned the Affordable Care Act as it was considered both constitutional and non-constitutional by various members of the Senate, which caused a variety of changes to be implemented into the finished policy. The controversial nature of the policy also caused a future attempt to repeal it by the following president of the United States. The issue of healthcare policy is likely to remain controversial as long as the Constitution does not feature it as one of its provisions in the form of the amendment (Lanford and Quadagno 619). Example From Recent News An article by Steven Porter from February 12 can be used to showcase a recent example of the federal government affecting health care policy. The story revolves around the decision of the federal government to repeal an Alaskan law related to health care competition in the region. The article describes that the certificate-of-need laws that the federal government wants to repeal were originally enacted due to the implementation of the previous change to healthcare legislation. The original laws were supposed to reduce healthcare spending and increase access to care. However, the Federal Trade Commission now states that these goals were not achieved. Moreover, its representatives claim that these laws may harm the policy they were supposed to support. The state of Alaska is unique and has needs that other states do not. It is the largest state in the country, but its population is very low due to the harsh climate and complex geography. People who oppose the repeal of these laws state that the presented research does not apply to the realities of the Alaskan market. In response to this point of view, the Federal Trade Commission points out that there are other states, with a large portion of their population living in the rural areas, that were examined during the research on this issue, and they benefited from similar laws being repealed. The article concludes with a message that a vote on the bill has not yet occurred (Porter). Conclusion
Introduction Everybody in the globe at one point finds him or herself in situations that give them either nice or terrible experience. Experiences change an individual’s future based on the thoughts a person says to him or herself; the thoughts people hold to themselves, which is also known as the belief system which can change someone’s life either positively or negatively (Neenan, p. 180). Positive thinkers always grow out of every experience, believing that everything happens for their advantage, and they always keep searching for the good side of every terrible situation around them. When two individuals are subjected to the same situation, they come out differently due to their personality differences, such as their level of self-development (Neenan, p. 182). Experience is one of the resilience components that creates a greater impact in somebody’s life, which will make the person more or less resilient. Experience is important in several ways; experience aids in building resilience through self-control, adaptability to chall
Introduction Historically emerging from a few local television networks, the international media has recently transformed into a vast community full of resources and workforce, with the Western media nearly spread across the world (McChesney 190. Despite proving significant in spreading important news to citizens across the continents, media globalisation has resulted to serious discourses on what analysts now refer to as media imperialism. People have not taken lightly the dominance of the Western media, especially the protrusion of the American media into the developing countries, where the media infrastructure and expertise is still immature. Such perceptions concerning the ascendancy of the Westerners over the global media has attracted controversial debates from media scholars and professionals. Using different opinionated arguments and facts, several pieces of literature have emerged to contribute to the growing discourse about media imperialism (Jenkins 37). This essay discusses the major issues concerning the media imperialism debate, presents major arguments and approaches, discusses evidences that support different views, and analyses some theoretical assumptions available. Major Issues at Stake in the Media Imperialism Debate Whereas media forms an important global tool for universal communication, where important aspects of leadership, culture, environment, and economy are in regular discussion, media imperialism is creating global controversies. Jenkins states that the earliest notion towards internationalising media based on the idea of improving economy through corporate globalisation, international competition, state decentralisation, and trade liberalisation (36). With the United States and the United Kingdom as the economic giants behind these agendas, the Western media quickly proliferated into the developing nations. After years of tremendous growth, media imperialism under the influence of the Westerners seems to attract controversies on the important issues surrounding the globalised economies (Jenkins 39). The main debatable issues involving media imperialism include economic unfairness, trade, cultural manipulations, and political intolerances. Jan states that most underprivileged nations eyeing for globalisation have an inner fear about the economic and political supremacy of the Westerners and their alleged global influence on the most important international issues of development (72). International Trade and Media Imperialism A commonly argued issue concerning the behaviours of the Westerners and their media imperialism practices is the takeover on the media business by the giant economies, especially the United St