ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
I have visited Holy Trinity Orthodox Cathedral in San Francisco. The building stands out of the neighborhood houses, as it has complex architecture and utilizes blue and white as primary colors. It reminds of a traditional orthodox cathedral, as it follows all characteristics. Holy Trinity Orthodox Cathedral majorly support the principles of Orthodox religion (“Holy Trinity Cathedral” par. 1). However, as for the religion of the site, it has to be mentioned that Vedanta Community is an element of Hinduism tradition. In turn, Hinduism is an Indian religion, which focuses on worshipping various Gods, as Vishnu appears in different forms (Chander 111). According to Vedas, all Gods are diverse manifestations of Brahman, who is the creator and present in various shapes (Ellwood and Alles 200). Karma plays a vital role, as it is believed to affect a future rebirth (Ellwood and Alles 200). Speaking of how Vedanta Society manifests Hinduism, the main goal of this community was to establish a Universal Religion in the United States of America, and it emphasizes and supports individual decisions in following his/her way to divine (Bruteau et al. 1). It could be said that Vedanta Society supports a principle of unity of all religions. It is the primary reason for having strong ties with Christianity and attracting Christian believers, who are not satisfied with the order in the religion institution. As for the sight’s architecture, symbols, images, and form of worship, all of these elements convey its unique religious charm. The pictures of Swami Vivekananda, Jesus, Buddha, Ramakrishna, and Ramakrishna’s wife Sarada Devi are present on the altar and the walls of the cathedral. The images try to express and show the mission and meaning of life. It could be said that pictures imply that one should encourage the development of divine nature in our minds. A follower by looking at and exploring the inner understanding of the images can develop his inner sanctity and unity with Brahma. Since Brahma is t
Introduction The theme for the exhibition is ‘Nature, Life Man and Abstract’ on how various artists have attempted to depict nature, life, man in the abstract form. The exhibition would feature works of six artists and would display selected works that show an abstraction of how these artists have shown nature and life, as it relates to human. Man is an integral part of nature and the everyday objects assume a different form when abstracted with the human mind. The displays are unique and have served as the starting of a new genre in modern art. The artists are from different countries and from different backgrounds, all united by the common theme of creativity and abstract modern art. Ranging from installations, to paintings and sculpture, the exhibits would attempt to highlight how these artists from different backgrounds interpret art. Some of the subjects handled range from animals, to objects and human misery and suffering and excesses. The exhibition is designed to show the diversity that makes up the world of artists. Floor plan The floor plan is illustrated in the followi
Timber is a building material that is easy to obtain and cheap. Moreover, it is renewable, recyclable, environment friendly and its manufacturing methods are simple. Forests can be used as carbon sinks by harvesting wood and using it for various purposes while replanting new trees. This process is termed ‘carbon sequestration’ (APP Timber 1). The director of FSC, Fraser Steele, states that Timber, correctly managed, has the potential to be one of, if not the most, environmentally friendly building material available. It was important to me that if we were to choose from the many chain of custody schemes available, it must be the scheme with the highest credentials (FSC Australia 3). Proper management of forests and natural habitat is important in ensuring continuous supply of wood for construction purposes. Forest management in the various countries safeguard the woodlands. Geoff Henley states: Wood is the ultimate material for the age of sustainability which is now upon us. The environmental credentials of forests and wood are excellent, and wood has a vital role to play in the tansition of the world’s economies to greater sustainability (APP Timber 3). Many programs and bodies have been set up to ensure strict adherence to environmental standards when supplying wood for different purposes. The Forest Stewardship Council, set up in 1993, gives Forest Management, Chain of Custody and Controlled Wood certifications (Dispenza 4). Despite its positive impacts on the environment, the use of wood as a main construction material in Australia is yet to cement. This can be attributed to lack of proper management of forests that can lead to sustainable forests. The Australian Forest Certification Scheme is a body in Australia that promotes sustainable management and safeguarding of forests (APP Timber 2). In 2009, the Forest Stewardship Council Australia decided not to certify indigenous forests or products obtained from indigenous forests due to non compliance with the required minimum standards. Its report stated “Comments in a news release by Tasmanian Senator Richard Colbeck today as inaccurate, misleading and unhelpful to the Tasmanian forests and forest products industry” (Spencer 1). However, Australia was recertified in 2011, and this will go a long way in heartening forest sustainability. Figure 1: A house made from wood Figure 2: Tree house restaurant in New Zealand Figure 3: A forest
The predominant religious beliefs amongst the people of the British Isles during the early modern period were based on Christianity. Conventionally, the culture was largely monotheistic with Christianity as the key religion. However, the society was divided between Catholicism, which was introduced by the Roman Empire, and Protestantism, which underscored a sect that had defied Roman Catholicism. Christianity was very popular amongst the natives of the British Isles (Monod 4). By 1547, Protestantism had gained popularity and it was threatening to dislodge Catholicism as the widely accepted Christian faith. The majority of people had started defying and questioning the place and role of Catholic rituals based on the Reformation spirit that human beings did not need other human beings in a bid to access God’s salvation and mercy. This assertion underscores how Catholicism lost its popularity during this time. Roman Catholicism was replete with rituals of confessions and communion, but the Protestants were against such practices, and thus they revolved. Roman Catholicism was the officially recognized Christian religion during this time even though Protestants were fighting for their place in the country. Edward VI promoted Protestantism, but after he died in 1553, Mary I promoted Roman Catholicism, thus thwarting any efforts to advance the Protestants’ religious concerns. Elizabeth I endeavored to reconcile the two warring sides by endorsing the Elizabethan settlement of the Church, which was based on parliamentary acts and injunctions (Monod 10). However, the Protestants opposed this move, as they believed in predestination with God as the sole being who could decide on the people’s salvation. The different religious practices amongst the Roman Catholics and Protestants kept p
Richard Feynman is an American theoretical physicist who is considered to be one of the brightest personalities in the physical science of the 20th century (McKie). He was born in 1918 in New York in a family of Russian and Polish Jews. He got interested in science already as a child and this interest was encouraged by his parents. Thus, his father bought him encyclopedias and took him to museums (Gribbin and Gribbin 6). Due to his father, Feynman learned the difference “between knowing the name of something and knowing something” (Gribbin and Gribbin 7). On the whole, he had warm relations with his parents, and they contributed much to him becoming an outstanding personality and a scientist. Figure 1. Richard P. Feynman (Gleick). Feynman was producing original ideas in science at a rather young age. Thus, being a physics student at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, he suggested an unusual approach to calculating forces in molecules as a part of his undergraduate thesis in 1939 (Gleik). Three years later, in 1942, he received a doctorate at Princeton University. Under the guidance of his university adviser, Feynman created a new approach to quantum mechanics with the use of the principle of least action. At the time of the Second World War, a young scientist became a staff member in the United States atomic bomb project developed at Princeton University during 1941-1942 (Gleik). Later, in 1943-1945, he was recruited to work at the secret laboratory at Los Alamos, where he headed a group in the theoretical division involved in the Manhattan Project. By the end of the war, he got a position of an associate professor at Cornell University where he worked until 1950 (Gleik). Thus, he received an opportunity to continue his research on the fundamental concept of quantum electrodynamics. Feynman was a fascinated fan of his subject. An introduction to the book Quantum Man: Richard Feynman’s Life in Science begins with citing Feynman’s words about physics: “I find physics is a wonderful subject. We know so very much and then subsume it into so very few equations that we can say we know very little” (Krauss 1). Apart from quantum electrodynamics, Feynman made a valuable contribution to physical science presenting the basic concepts of the field, which is now known as nanotechnology (“Richard Feynman Introduces the World to Nanotechnology”). In 1959, he presented a talk “There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom,” which was the reflection of his vision about “controlling matter at the nanoscale, including controlling individual atoms” (Toumey). This talk also explained a technique providing an opportunity to use the beam of an electron microscope for text generation, with further creation of silicon molds of this writing, thus allowing the production of text
It is natural for human beings to subscribe to particular moral ideologies and to apply them in their day-to-day lives. Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill have formulated frameworks upon which moral considerations can be made. This paper uses the moral theories of Mill and Kant in solving an ethical dilemma. Mill’s Utilitarianism John Stuart Mill begins his ethical theorization by asserting that ethical statements are neither scientifically nor mathematically provable. Mill’s utilitarianism is the moral standpoint that views actions as right or wrong in proportion to how they maximize happiness to the most significant number of people possible (Mill 121). Mill urges moral actors to consider the quality of the expected happiness rather than just focusing on the quantity of pleasure. To distinguish between primal desires experienced by animals and those of rational human beings, Mill distinguishes between higher and lower pleasures (Mill 117). He proposes experienced judges to differentiate between different pleasure categories. Utilitarianism can, therefore, be seen as a form of social hedonism where the best action is that which generates the most enormous amount of happiness to the most significant number of people (Mill 119). This highest pleasure principle applies irrespective of whether the action makes th
Introduction The poem “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” is a piece in which the plot is supported by Christian morality underpinning the chivalry of the characters and their occasional failure to comply with this notion. In the story, the religious guidance provided to the knights is shown by the description of ideals, the events taking place on specific holidays, prayers, locations, and, consequently, their behavior. These elements are complemented by the contrast between men’s laws and Christian mercy which are included at the end of the poem when the knight talks to Bertilak, who forgives his lies (Gardner 192). From this perspective, religion is one of the major themes of the story, and it is transmitted through the adoption of various literary devices. Hence, the author uses a particular pattern of speech representation alongside numerous symbols, juxtaposition, irony, metaphors, and allegories to claim the importance of Christianity for the narrative as well as its outcome. Christian Ideals and Chivalry The principal aspect of the poem is the need to connect Christian ideals and chivalry transmitted through symbolism in people and objects. For example, the green sash given to Gawain by Bertilak’s wife demonstrates the contrast between dishonesty and a strong moral compass implied by religion and the knights’ code (Burrow 105). The gift “marked of gleaming gold” was meant for the hero to remember the woman while also referring to the weakness of his character (Gardner 166). His dishonest conduct in refusing to give the sash in exchange for “this foul-smelling fox” indicates his improper attitude toward Gawain, violating the above principles (Gardner 170). This allegory is complemented by the symbolic interpretation of the color as Bertilak is also known as the Green Knight. The man’s name is related to the power of nature over people’s imperfections. However, the moral significance of the story is not portrayed from the beginning, as the readers are not supposed to know who this character is (Pons-Sanz 211). In the continuation, the truth is revealed, and one can easily recognize the emphasis on the necessity to coordinate religious concepts and chivalry. Christian Holidays and Significant Events Another characteristic of the narrative allowing to highlight the importance of Christianity in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” is attributing major events to Christian holidays and significant dates. For instance, in the beginning, the story starts “at Camelot over Christmas” when the knights of the Round
Research How did your research and secondary sources influence your project, and where can your reader see the result of this research and learning? Offer specific examples from your project that demonstrate the use or relevance of secondary sources you included in your analysis/proposal. The creation of the project about Carroll’s Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and the puzzles the main character has to face with and collect is predetermined by a number of factors: an independent investigation about the writer’s life, a variety of secondary sources, personal attitudes to the primary source. The research helps to comprehend the true nature of the author’s intentions and the conditions under which the story was created. It was interesting to learn that Lewis Carroll was known due to his unwillingness to follow certain rules and orders. This fact was mentioned in the project. The secondary sources included in the analysis presented the information about the author and how it was possible to analyze the novel and comprehend its main themes and motifs. The attention to a personal evaluation of Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland also helps to make the project unique and unusual. Writing/Production Choices Your project should be as close of a match as realistically possible to the style, format, and conventions of a real-world type of writing. How does your work match the three examples you used to understand the expectations and characteristics of the kind of writing you chose? Note specific examples of your choices in terms of tone/style, content, argument/analysis strategies, citation, layout/format, etc., and explain how these mimic or interact with the three specific texts you used as models for your work. The project under consideration is a good example of how the style, format, and conventions should be organized in a real-world type of writing. First, the use of secondary sources and the ideas of real people about the novel serve as a solid basis of research. Second, the cases of comparison prove that in the project, there are no intentions to hide the truth about the nonsensical elements of the novel. Finally, the presence of counterarguments makes the project more realistic and open to discussions. For example, the citations used in the text turn out to be the most powerful explanations of the ideas offered. It is hard to neglect the information given, still, the tone of writing provides the reader with a chance to share his/her own positions and understanding of Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. Interpretation/Digging Deeper What parts of your project demonstrate that you are offering unique insight, original idea, or innovative approach to a particular topic? When/where does your project comment on implicit ideologies, analysis of authorial choices, or patterns across texts? Note specific examples from your project that demonstrate original thought or new, innovative ideas. The project demonstrates a unique insight into a particular topic due to the usage of counterarguments and the attention to the fact that not all people are eager to define Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland as a bright examp
Abstract The perception of objects is reported to involve wide range of deciding factors such as light shape, color, location and motion. These factors are considered interdependent and influential in capturing the attention of objects as new or old and subsequently enable a feeling of sudden-onsets. But it is still unclear whether the changes of objects are perceived due to spatial allocation as low level or being represented at higher level as new things. So, the main objective of this article was to distinguish between these two levels of cognitive perceptions and support the findings with the previous theories and data. For this purpose, we have undertaken a study comprising of 360 subjects with no cognitive and visual defects. They were told to locate the letters ‘E’ and ‘H’ assigned as the main target items by looking on the display screens and giving responses with the key board. A total of 260 trials were included with no movement and movement as the main trials with respect to the display of shapes as random, square, and row. We compared the results obtained in milliseconds, noted the differences and considered p value less than 0.05 as statistically significant. We found that the differences between the target sudden -onset and distractor sudden -onset of no movement trial are statistically significant compared to that of the movement trial. The results may indicate that the allocation of objects in much filled blank space might have enabled their capture as new objects without any interference of distractors in the case of no movement trial. Whereas the movement trial has enabled the interference of distractors that lead to an increase in the responding time. Therefore, it was inferred that the results of both the trials seem to agree with the earlier proposed hypotheses and findings that have emphasized their description that new objects presented in diverse forms could capture the attention. Introduction Human beings are presented with the gift of perceiving the world through the interaction between cognitive and visual functions. It is the brain that executes these important environmentally adapted roles. The perception levels rely on capturing the information either directly or indirectly which in turn is connected to the attentive state of the mind. Various theories have been put forward in this context. It is well known that human eye is susceptible to distinguishing the shades of bright or light colors, their direction and magnitude of illumination, stationary or motile objects in a given space. This range of factors may play vital role in perceiving the captured images whether they are relevant or irrelevant. Some times the attention may seem to perceive things as a whole but not as single unit. According to Gestalt theory, if a person looks at a tree he may perceive the image as a whole unit but not as distinct entity consisting of branches, leaves and the flowers or fruits. This would mean that parts identified are given secondary importance though they may have attractive features. However, this aspect of looking at objects and their perception may change when some other things capture our attent
Description Bardet-Bield syndrome (BBS) is one of the world’s most rare autosomal recessive disorders which is accompanied by both clinical and genetic heterogeneity (Ghr.nlm.nih.com. 2011). This disorder is also associated with clinical variability, precisely observed within families; BBS syndrome sometimes can affect the brains resulting to multiple physical disorders, including deterioration of the intellect and neurological dysfunction (Ghr.nlm.nih.com. 2011). Nevertheless, the syndrome can also proceed further and affect the eyesight (the rod-cone dystrophy) by eating the light sensitive cells called the retina (Ghr.nlm.nih.com. 2011). Extra toe or fingers (polydactyl disorder), mental retardation, obesity, hypogornadism and renal abnormalities are also some of the associated abnormalities that accompany BBS (Ghr.nlm.nih.com. 2011). Etiology The etiology of BBS is considered to be a recessive inherited disorder; in some cases, the parents may never exhibit the symptoms of the syndrome despite carrying the recessive genes which eventually transmits the disease to their offspring’s (Ghr.nlm.nih.com. 2011). Considerably, the reason as to why the syndrome is rare is because this recessive gene is approximately carried by 1 out of 179 people who are unlikely to conceive a child with another person who also possesses the same recessive gene (Beales & Waters, 2010). This means the odd of having both parents with this particular causative gene is extremely hard. Incidence Not surprising then, in northern America and Europe the prevalence and the incidence of the disease range from 1 in 140,000 to 1 in 160,000 newborns as is also the case in the island of Newfoundland (Canada), where it affects an estimate of 1 in 17,000 newborns (Beales & Waters, 2010). But depending with regions, this prevalence also varies and might be high or low. Pathological Process The biochemical mechanism which leads to BBS involves twelve genes that are responsible for the syndrome when mutated; these genes are; “BBS1, BBS2, BBS4, BBS5, BBS7, TTC8/BBS8, BBS9, BBS6, BBS10, BBS12, ARL6/BBS3 and TRIM32/BBS11” (Beales & Waters, 2010). The BBS proteins located at the basal body and cilia of the cell are the one involved in a process called intraflagella transport (IFT) within the cilia and also within the ciliary shaft (Beales & Waters, 2010). Eventually, the BBS proteins become’s assembled into a complex multiple proteins that are collectively referred as Bbsome (Beales & Waters, 2010). It is this BBsome protein that is responsible for transportation of intracellular vesicles to the base of the cilia and any abnormalities of these cilia will automatically result to BBS. It’s now accepted globally that mutated BBS gene has capabilities of affecting normal cilia function resulting to BBS (Beales & Waters, 2010). S