ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
About artist/artworks The artistic picture I have chosen for analyzing and judgment is ‘The lady justice’ who is taking revenge on the cruel dragon. The picture shown for the viewers is the end of one good story. A woman has been projected in the picture. She resembles two types of actions one is of motherhood and the other is of god-like actions in which she is ready to take some actions. There is no bewilderment in saying that the work is a creative one. General description of the art The picture has got its own beauty and it is eye-catching. I like this artwork very much as this resembles beauty, meaning, and style. The picture has got a very good story in it that has been taken place a long time ago. The story is like this. There lived a beautiful girl in the village. She is so beautiful that her beauty can be described as a moon present in the sky without any clouds or just as the sun comes up on a rainy day. Also, she could find the truth in everyone’s eyes. The girl was underage and her beauty is so attractive for everyone and everyone living in the village wants her to be their own wife. But there lived a dragon in the village that needs to destroy everything. Twice this dragon presented in front of the beautiful girl. Dragon made beautiful girl blind by becoming angry without knowing she is the daughter of the greatest goddess. The goddess told her daughter to take revenge on the dragon, which made her blind. Its beauty Telling about this picture, this work of art or painting has got its own beauty whose beauty never ends in explaining. The girl presented in the picture is aged in her early twenties. She is very tall in a standing position. Her waist presented in the picture is slightly tilted to the right side. Her left legs are positioned on the top of the Chinese dragon. Her skin is shown as in normal brown color. Part of her skin is covered with protective metal, which is of silver color, which can be called armor. The bust of armor protects her breast and armor is presented to her waist. An angelic being is sleeping in the middle of her armor, which gives some extra beauty to her armor. A chemise which is of silky silver has been shown underneath the armor. This chemise covers her shoulders also. It seems to be a ribbon presented on top of the shoulders. Her legs are covered with a long skirt, which is of silver color. But her left leg is shown as exposed which is placed on the Chinese dragon. She has got long curly hair. In the middle of her forehead, curly bangs are presented which adds extra beauty to the picture. Another feature of this picture is her eyes are covered with a bronze blindfold. Her facial expression is shown as very peaceful full and she smiles very slightly. Two weighing scales are carried own her right which is of perfectly balanced. At the same time, she carries sword in her left hand. The tip of sword is pointed downwards. The sword, which is carried in left hand, is made up of bronze. Other than sword and scales no other
Nurses’ nutrition competence Detailed assessment and treatment of malnutrition in patients are the dieticians’ areas of clinical expertise. Although nurses are more likely to meet the patients first, that ensures their opportunity to perform the nutritional screening. However, despite the complexity of the problem prevailing in many hospitals, the nurses seem to lack training in identifying malnutrition (Duerksen et al., 2014). Challenges impeding nurses in conducting regular nutritional screening include lack of time and insufficient training. The medical professionals often emphasize the importance of the nutritional screening, but it can be sometimes overlooked in the daily practice. According to Green and James (2013), in some hospitals, nurses overlooked the routine screening for malnutrition. The reasons for this include both the lack of education and training in nurses leading to them underestimating the issue of malnutrition. The other barrier is that guidelines prescribe nurses to conduct the nutritional screening for each patient admitted to their care. However, it can be quite challenging on the daily basis on the par with the other tasks (Green & James, 2013). Education and training Education and training can facilitate the routine of the nutritional screening for the nurses. The awareness of causes and dangers of malnutrition will enhance the willingness to perform the nutritional screening. The training aspect should include teaching nurses how to use screening tools and how to recognize that the patient is malnourished (Green & James, 2013). Whether the nurses’ nutrition competence is impeded or encouraged depends on screening tools in use. If the tools are complicated, the nurses are not always confident in using it, regardless of the training. When speaking of screening tools, it is hard to address the issue on the generalized level. Different tools are used in different hospitals, which is why the hospitals’ management needs a consistent policy of regulating the issue at the local level. Nevertheless, nurses appear to be more responsive to the importance of nutritional screening when there is an opportunity for training and support (Green & James, 2013). The results of the implementation of the nutritional guidelines to the practice in different hospitals’ universities in Norway discovered that nutritional screening is one of the most time-consuming procedures. Therefore, nurses who are not competent about all the dangers of malnutrition and do not have skills to perform the screening faster, sometimes prefer to neglect it. Another reason is the lack of qualified dieticians, which means that the results of screenings cannot always be transferred for the further analysis (Tangvik et al., 2012). Therefore, the task is to teach nurses the guidelines that can be followed on the daily basis. Nurses’ training in nutritional screening is essential since they are the first to meet the patient, they check on the patient more regularly. It allows them to monitor the patient’s diet and indicators of the nutritional screening
Kuala Lumpur is a region in Malaysia, which is a good example of urban dynamics. The population growth of the Kuala Lumpur region varies from the core of the city to the suburbs. The population growth in the core of the city is extremely high and is approximated to have doubled between 1980 census and 2000 census. By the year 2010, the increase in population had tripled that of the year 1980. There is a great difference in percentage growth in the suburbs and in the core of the city. As much as there is a high population growth in the core, the growth of the population in the suburbs has been more rapid, nearly six times that of the city. At the current growth rate of the region, the population could approach 10 million by 2025 (Bindloss & Brash, 2008). The Kuala Lumpur area is vast and experiences continuous development. According to Dorai (2007), it ranks as the 49 th largest urban area in the world. With a population of 6.6million (estimate) on 750 square miles, the population density of the urban area is 8,800 per square mile. Its population density is higher in the city than in the suburbs, but as a whole, the region’s density lies in the same class as the Western European urban areas. Economically, Kuala Lumpur is an affluent region according to the developing world standards. Based on the purchasing power, it has a high gross domestic product per capita annually, which is higher than most Latin America metropolitan economies. Employment in the region is concentrated in exterior region of the central business district and according to King and Australia (2008), there is an expectation in percentage increase as that of the central business district deteriorates. The region’s transportation has developed greatly as the region’s basic mode of transportation is personal means, cars and motorcycles. This has not inhibited the development of mass means of transport. The development of metro lines, a monorail and commuter rail line is clear in the region. Its transit system is a reflection of the high income it earns. However, Kuala Lumpur is highly dependent on transit as compared to most US metropolitan areas. The transport system is extensively networked with expressways that include tunnels. For example, there is the SMART tunnel that functions for both vehicles and storm water in case of flooding. They close the tunnel to vehicles when a serious flood occurs (Dorai, 2007). This greatly demonstrates that the level of growth the region of Kuala Lumpur has increased. Unlike many regions that destroy their environments so as to pave way for urbanization, this region has remained green despite its high level of urbanization. The retained green areas of the region are clearer in the residential area where the houses are not very c
Executive Summary Freelancer House is a business idea that needs to be implemented in the city of Dubai. The United Arab Emirates’ business community is embracing the concept of outsourcing human capital instead of having numerous employees hired on a permanent basis. Under this context, it becomes necessary for these companies to have reliable platforms where they can get qualified individuals to fill various vacancies or to help in undertaking given projects. Freelancer House will be an online-based firm that will bring together job seekers and companies. The firm will charge both job seekers and companies some fee. It will also boost its income by allowing companies to advertise in its website. Industry, Target Customer, and Competitor Analysis The freelance industry in the United Arab Emirates has experienced massive growth over the years due to emergence of freelance companies such as Elance o-Desk. The number of companies offering freelance services is still relatively few because the concept of freelancing is yet to become popular in the country. However, many firms are now finding it easy and relatively cheap to hire employees who work as freelancers instead of having permanent employees. According to Shelton, freelancing has become very popular in the Western countries, and it is spreading very fast to the other parts of the world (78). This industry has three primary groups of target customers. The first group of target customers has the companies looking for people to work for them. Companies are willing to pay the freelance company some fee for enabling them to get highly qualified workforce who can undertake various complex tasks. The second group of target customers has the employees themselves. They are always expected to pay some commission every time they are successfully linked to a company that needs their services. The third group of target customers has the advertisers. In 2007 alone, companies in the United Arab Emirates spent over $ 1.3 billion on advertisement (Covello and Hazelgren 56). Companies in this industry have a share of this advertisement money because firms will be using their websites to advertise their products. Currently, the main competitor in this market is o-Desk and Nabbesh which have been able to attract a considerable market share in this region. These two firms have also developed trust with job seekers, companies looking for employees, and advertisers. Other top freelance companies which have just made an entry into this industry include Toptal, Freelancer, Craiglist, Guru, and Freelance Writing Gigs (McKeever 85). Currently, the industry rivalry rate is relatively low. However, this may change in a near future due to entrance of many other freelance companies into the local market. Company Description Freelancer House is a new company that is yet to start its operations.
Introduction The modern business world is characterized by a focus on innovation and internalization. The major advantages of this approach include enhancing the visibility of the product, increasing sales, becoming less prone to local trends, and obtaining knowledge and experience that can be used to innovate (Boehe 2016; Narula et al. 2019). Some of the primary challenges linked to internalization are local political and social environments, currency fluctuations, and peculiarities of markets, among others (Verbeke & Kano 2016; Buckley & Casson 2018). Uber can be regarded as an illustration of the failure of a multinational’s entrance into a specific market. This report includes a detailed analysis of the flaws in Uber’s operations in the Chinese market in terms of network/social capital, digital internationalization, and institutional perspectives. Brief Summary of Uber The company entered the French market in 2011, and by 2016, Uber operated in 445 cities of over 60 countries across the globe (Wade et al. 2016). With its 750 million residents of urban areas commuting on a daily basis (compared to 150 million American commuters), the Chinese commuter market seemed attractive (Tybout 2017). Ride sourcing was also rather popular in the country, so Uber and similar companies offered services that were appreciated (Nie 2017). Uber entered the Chinese market in 2013 when it started its operations in Shanghai. The company developed partnerships with Baidu (a local GPS and map searching engine) and Alipay (a Chinese mobile payment platform) (Wade et al., 2016). First, the American multinational focused on collaboration with Chinese car rental companies as the most effective way to avoid possible legal risks (Wirtz & Lovelock 2016). Later, individual drivers were involved and encouraged to use the application. A serious challenge associated with this approach was the Chinese government’s restrictions regarding entities that could conduct road transportation (Wade et al., 2016). The government’s restrictions did not cover private services, so Uber,
Phyllis Kritek from firsthand experience explores instances where conflict resolution happen in situations where neither party is equal. One party has an advantage over the other party, therefore, influence the outcome of the disputes. She explains various ways one can manage to negotiate and solve a conflict despite being at a disadvantage. This study aims at showing that negotiating at a disadvantaged table is possible through the phrase I can live in the real world. Generally, there are injustices and negotiations tables are never fair, but we can make it through and get fair outcomes and solve disputes amicably. This can be done in a number of ways which this study aims to exemplify. The real world is filled with uneven tendencies making the negotiation table disadvantaged to others. The main reasons are weaknesses in each person in the world, the need for power and the urge to preserve the status quo. This makes powerful people ensure the powerless remain as they are and decisions made are to the preservation of the situation as they be making the world a disadvantage. The first way of negotiating in a disadvantaged table and manage to survive in the real world is by taking responsibility. If each and every person took responsibility for conflict resolution, living in the real world would be much easier. The other way is avoiding the focus and over attention on dominance of power. Dominance of power creates a systematic imbalance, excludes others from the negotiating table and alienates other dimensions of interest in the conflict. Avoiding bias in conflict resolution is another way to solve conflicts amicably. This reduces the chances of withdrawals, use of assumptions and increases the likelihood of honesty and true conflict resolution in the world. Biases also increase defensiveness and feigning agreement which triumph over the need for honest consideration of the realities in a given conflict. Avoiding manipulation of the members of the negotiation table can also aid in fair conflict resolution. This is because it increases chances of fairness and gives each member a leeway to provide an honest evaluation of the conflict leading to fair conflict resolution. Further, avoiding myths on the dominance of power in conflict resolution helps live in the real world. The myths serve to distort the realization of dominance of power, hence reduce the chances of reaching an amicable solution. These myths enhance maneuvering from the conflict consequently reducing the probability of resolving conflicts in a disadvantaged negotiation table. The need to avoid myths helps all the members of the negotiation table, especially the disadvantaged, aware of the need to avoid compromise and feigning agreement and aim at true resolution of conflicts. To add on,
Introduction As a global social phenomenon, sport strives for excellence, fair play, solidarity, and universal respect. Based on this, it should strive to promote gender equality and pursue gender-equitable policies in all its areas. The recent case of retirement by Naomi Osaka is a prime example of how gender roles and racism in sports can affect even the best athletes making sports an important discussion in the context of social activism. Racism in Sports It should be pointed out that the challenges faced by Naomi Osaka are also reflective of the issue of racism in sports since the athlete is a biracial individual. Racism is the belief that different races possess distinct characteristics, abilities, or qualities, especially so as to distinguish them as inferior or superior to one another (Pedersen & Thibault, 2019). Racism is a pervasive phenomenon that is present in a wide range of forms and manifestations ranging from subtle to explicit in sports and other areas. One should be aware that the issue is not a sole problem of professional tennis, such as in the case of Naomi Osaka, but it can be observed in all major sports. For example, it is stated that “racism has long been found in European sports, and is intensified when players of color are put in the spotlight during major international competitions. A tweet in response to the harassment captures this phenomenon: “When you score, you’re English. When you miss, you’re an immigrant” (Gillett, 2021, para. 2). In other words, minority groups are always put under the unique set of hostile judgment and pressure from the society, where their flaws are highlighted more prominently, and strengths are attributed as victories of the majority, exposing the sinister selectivity bias in sports. Gender Roles One of the most evident elements of sports is the problem of gender roles, which negatively impact women the most, and Naomi Osaka’s case is reflective of this problem. It should be noted that the term gender role is defined as “a set of perceived behavioral norms associated particularly with males and fe
Introduction The late 19 th Century heralded an unprecedented wave of oppression for the Black Americans and thus they had to come up with ways of countering it, albeit silently. They could not voice their concerns honestly or without fear, and thus they had to mask their feelings and pretend that they were all right. In the poem, We wear the mask, Paul Dunbar explores how the black community in the United States survived the oppression that it faced in the late 19 th century and this paper explores these issues. The Poem We wear the mask by Paul Dunbar The poem is a classical piece of the hurt and anguish that black Americans experienced towards the start of the 20 th century. However, Lawrence does not discuss the issue of oppression with emotions; on the contrary, he steps back to give the survival techniques that the victims used as they waited patiently for their emancipation. The poem opens with a proclamation that the victims put on masks and even though they appear to be smiling, the grinning is a lie. At the time, the best that the victims could do was to tolerate the subjugation and pretend that nothing wrong or inhuman was happening. However, after highlighting the masks that the black Americans wore, the poet goes further to note that all the smiles were fake disguises of untold pain. The politeness that defined these individuals was phony because deep down, immeasurable pain was killing them from the inside, but they had to wear a mask as a survival strategy. The black Americans would not let the oppressor see their weakness by frowning and appearing weak from the outside. Therefore, even with lacerated and bleeding hearts, they managed to smile. The poet posits, “With torn and bleeding hearts we smile” (Dunbar 123). The smile would break the oppressors because they thought that by victimizing the black Americans they would break their spirits. However, the victims were strong and they could afford a smile in the midst of all the storms, which were occasioned by reasons beyond their control as the skin of their color or place of origin. If only they could change these things, they could have done it long ago, but now that they could not, they devised a survival mechanism, viz. smiling their problems away. The back Americans understood a core principle that while the oppressor can control the external environment, the internal atmosphere is a personal responsibility. Therefore, in a bid to feed and fuel their spirits, they cried to their maker. Dunbar notes, “We smile, but, O great Christ, our cries to thee from tortured souls arise” (123). Their comfort could only come from their maker, and the oppressor could not take this aspect away. Conc
Introduction The growing use of computer technology has increased an interest in adaptive testing when it comes to tutoring and testing systems. Computer adaptive testing (CAT) is a form of educational measurement that has been designed to adapt the examination of proficiency in testing activities. It is a computer based test that adapts to the examinee’s ability level which makes it more of a tailor made test. Computer adaptive testing is slowly replacing the traditional methods of testing commonly referred to as the paper and pencil tests. The increasing developments and innovations in computer technology have began to render the paper and pencil mode of testing obsolete as more educational institutions and training facilities incorporate the use of computers in their examination testing activities (Setchi, 2010). Computer adaptive testing has been seen to be a theoretically sound and efficient method of testing large scale programs. It has also become more feasible in educational research and practice. The recent developments in e-learning technology have enabled educational institutions to start incorporating online instructions and online testing to their examination programs. The continued computer and technology developments will move paper and pencil testing towards a more computer based testing scenario. Computer adaptive testing is mostly carried out in large educational institutions, or in the certified and licensed examination centers (Tao et al, 2008). History of Computer Adaptive Testing The concept of adaptive testing can be traced back to over a century ago. The first adaptive test developed in the early 1900s was considered to be the individually administered Binet-Simon intelligence test that was developed by Alfred Binet. This test involved administering various subtests based on the examinee’s current ability level. If the examinee passed all of the subtests in the Binet-Simon intelligence test then a higher ability of subtests was administered to the examinee. If the examinee failed all of the subtests at any given level of ability, then the test was terminated. This made the Binet test to be referred to as an adaptive test because of the different subtests that measured an individual’s ability and knowledge level. After the Binet test, two more testing methods were developed in the 1940s. These were the staircase method and the sequential analysis system (Ayala, 2009). The staircase method of testing involved the adjustment of ability levels to meet those of the examinee. This method was mostly used by psychophysicists and experimental psychologists in examining their patients. The sequential analysis system was similar to the Binet test where examinees were given tests based on the current level of ability. In 1951, Hick designed an adaptive testing approach that would be used as a foundation for adaptive testing today. He developed an adaptive test based on the concept that an i