ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Executive summary SBE Innovations Ltd. hired this consultancy firm purposely to conduct a value management and value engineering study on construction of recreation and commercial centre. Value management study will focus on the different sections of the project, in order to provide maximum usage at minimum cost. The parts of the establishments, the tools and equipment, will be examined and recommendations will be provided to attain minimum cost for the project. The first part of the study focuses on value management which includes the four stages of the workshop. There are recommendations on the budget constraints of SBE Innovations, so that the amount could be maximised while reducing unnecessary costs. The VM study determines how the functions of the construction can be simplified at the same time retaining the quality of the construction. Functional analysis in value engineering aims to reduce the cost. Value engineering is based on the following premise:  1. Problem solving techniques that can trigger one’s imagination and creative abilities on a particular project life cycle including how and what methods can be used on the structures and objects under construction;  2. Offering ways and means to provide substitute particular materials and equipment in use that can provide the maximum benefits, at low cost but not sacrificing quality. (Male and Kelly 204) The second part of the study focuses on value engineering. Although value management and value engineering are synonymous, they can mean two different things to a project engineer or to a VM study team. Value engineering focuses on the engineering aspects of the study. However, to gain maximum results, these two should go together, and cannot be separate. Introduction Providing better solutions or benefits to clients by increasing the value of a project is the foremost objective of our consultancy firm. Project participants are always concerned about project value improvement, but investment capital sometimes is not always available. The precise scope, the different stages of the study, the life cycle, essential data and key milestones in the value management study, will be formulated. The cost, the business case, and the basis for costing are also stated in the value management process. Value management will assemble a team to carry out the ‘valuing’ process. The team members should include the different stakeholders of the project, who will carry out a workshop to undertake the different steps in the process of value management. The VM study becomes a collaboration effort between the different stakeholders who will provide suggestions, including inputs from the different departments of the organisation and the client, to provide the greatest value for the project. The principle of value management involves maximising value and minimising the use of resources and reducing unnecessary costs. Value management could be similar to risk management as both involve minimising risk, and enhances the
The picture of the contemporary world is far from the previous evaluation of the main values which are so important for people. The growth of scientific and technological progress made a great impact on the cultural milieu in the United States. People are involved in a perpetual process of enculturation since new devices became important in society. Different technological inventions grew in their influence on society day by day, year by year until the critical point was achieved at the beginning of the twenty-first century. The thing is that the purity of culture and its main objectives are influenced by mass media and, what is more, a contemporary man in the United States or somewhere in developed countries does not imagine life without the informational background or support of articles, films, shows, games. The invention of the Internet brought many values to society and made life easier in gaining information, but along with profits, this source gave society drawbacks as well. The paper is strictly dedicated to the analysis of how pop culture is related to mass media and how this mutual connection is evaluated by society. Though, the medium is a sort of information delivery since the emergence of thi
Hitler is known the world over as the man responsible for killing 6 million Jews. He is also the reason why the world experienced another global war when it was believed that the First World War was the war that should have ended all wars. Hitler was able to do so because he was motivated by hate and frustration. He was angry and frustrated because of the poverty of the German people. His anger grew even more when he realized that Austrians were never considered Germans but a part of the Hapsburg Empire. Finally, he blamed the Jewish people for weakening the German race and he believed that this was the reason why the German people can never be the master of their fate even though they were destined to be the lords of the earth. Background This study is an attempt to understand Hitler’s worldview, his attitude towards race, politics and foreign policy. It will be revealed later that his actions were motivated by patriotism that reached fanatical levels because of his love for Germany. He was willing to attack and destroy whatever stands between him and the rise of a German Reich populated by a pure race – the Aryan Race. However, it is impossible to understand all of it without first attempting to analyze where all the hate and frustration came from. It is necessary to go to his early years as a boy growing up in Austria. When his father and mother died – leaving him an orphan while he was still a teenager – he was forced into a life of poverty. He was also forced to live and work in the city and it is was the cultural and social shock that he experienced as he transferred from the rural to the urban that changed the way he look at life and his nation. But first it all started with a feeling of injustice and his desire to do something about it. He decided that someday those who oppressed the people will have to pay for what they have done and he wrote: “What was – and still is – bound to happen some day, when the stream of unleashed slaves pours forth from these miserable dens to avenge themselves on their thoughtless fellow men? For thoughtless they are!” (Vol.1, II). Thus, a seed of hate was planted in his heart. When he was an adult he saw not only the poverty of the German people but also the weakness of the whole nation. He felt humiliated ever
The OKI Company: Knowledge Management Strategy Overview   * Learning by experience (Venkitachalam & Busch 2012) is the organisation’s key priority in KM (‘Corporate information’ 2015);   * OKI promotes active learning among the staff;   * Leaders motivate the staff by displaying keen interest in learning new information and acquiring new skills;   * However, the organisation does not have a strong KM strategy;   * As a result, the staff has a poor idea of their roles and responsibilities;   * Therefore, shared knowledge and CSR may enhance OKI’s performance. OKI is a company known as a global business-to-business brand. Learning by experience is the key asset of the OKI organisation. Nevertheless, OKI has bee showing rather unsatisfactory results since recently due to its outdated knowledge management approach. Shared Knowledge Enhancement through CSR Corporate Social Responsibility Effects   * Corporate values promotion;   * Strong emphasis on the company’s ethics (Asif, Searcy, Zutshi & Fisscher 2003);   * Staff’s self-importance;   * Transformative leadership approach (Zhou & Li 2012). Shared Knowledge   * Understanding of the significance of sharing information (Hau, Lee & Kim 2013);   * Staff’s successful acceptance of new roles and responsibilities with readiness and willingness (‘The environment and recycling,’ 2015). In order to promote the concept of shared knowledge among the staff members, OKI will need to deploy the principles of the Corporate Social responsibility into its framework. The approach of transformative leadership will help promote change in the workplace setting efficiently. Data Security Significance   * Cyber attacks have become increasingly threatening to most organisations over the past few years (Davies 2014);   * Hierarchical Database Management Systems must be viewed as the key means of addressing the existing loopholes in the current security management approach (Obbay 2011);   * Adoption of new encrypting techniques, which withstand cyber attacks, must take place at the OKI Company;   * The staff must be instructed on knowledge safety. Apart from improving the staff’s performance, the company will have to take a closer look at its security system. It is suggested that Hierarchical Database Management Systems should be used to create a clear layout of the organizational structure. Evaluating the KM System   * An adequate approach towards KM assessment must be introduced into the organisation’s framework;   * The effects of the shared k
One of the main differences between Buddhism and Hinduism is the fact that Theravada Buddhism has no gods, as Buddha is not a god, he is an enlightened being that has reached and realised the end of sufferings. This state of absolute liberation is called Nirvana. People that practise Buddhism are to follow the teachings of Buddha, and Hindus worship many different gods and goddesses presented in their religion. In Hinduism, one can accumulate their Karma by living the dharma within their original caste, whereas in Buddhism one can enter Nirvana following the eightfold path of right thinking, right views, right speech and right action. In the practice of Buddhism, rituals and priests are not required, but in Hinduism, they have deep meaning and high importance. Hindu name for the end of sufferings is Moksha; this state could only be achieved by the priests that are called Brahmins. In Buddhism, Nirvana is available to every pure believer, who sticks to the practice of the eightfold path. Hinduism is focused on the search of being within one’s soul and eliminating all earthly passions and distractions. In Buddhism, the final goal is the realisation that one’s soul and the Self are not the same things.
Introduction The case study is based on the British Railways and its adoption of innovative and technological change due to increased competition from the emerging airline industry. The case demonstrates a situation where the British railways introduce a new technology by replacing an older technology. The centralized research team of the railways was asked to study the areas where modernization of technology was necessary. The research team found the necessity to modernize the railways and introduce new technology removing the older versions. However, introduction of a new technology in a traditional organization leads to the problem of low level of acceptance and understanding of the new technology. Therefore, in transforming a traditional organization to a highly technology based environment met with resistance to change. Main body The case study analysis will first try to determine the current situation of British railways. This process will help to understand the requirements of the organization and the changes that are unavoidable. Second, the paper will try to determine the process of implementation of the changes that had been identified as necessary in the first part of the analysis. Here the change management will be dealt with the internal issues that a manager faces rather than the external issues. The method and concepts that is used for the analysis is described below. The first step for the analysis is to understand the project’s profile and complexity in order to ascertain the present condition of British railways and the areas where it needs to change. For this process, diamond approach to project management (Shenhar & Dvir, 2007). This will help us to understand the competitiveness of the British railways. This will help to understand the external environment and the change that are required for the organization in order to remain competitive. This analysis allows us to understand the processes that actually make the organization more competitive, and the process creates wealth and competitive advantage. Thus, policy and industry analysis can demonstrate the need of the business and to what extent these needs are necessary. In the case analysis of the British railways, this will be applied to the British railways of the 1960s and 1970s. This analysis will enable us to understand the aptness of the timing of the implementation of the new technology, the external environment, and the product complexity of the new technology. The analysis will allow the timing of the project implementation, the design of the project made by the research team, and the complexity of the new product that led to resistance to acceptance of the new technology in British railways. Therefore, the analysis will allow us to understand the complexity of the transportation industry and the effect it has on the various stakeholders. Second, the paper will present recommendations for imp
Introduction In scientific writing, manuscripts are important in providing an overview of the researcher’s field of study, target audience and significance of the work. A comprehensive knowledge of the target audience is an important requirement when writing a manuscript for publication. In this paper, an analysis of the audience for the reference article is developed. The analysis will consider the important points of the author’s audience and considerations for a manuscript submitted for the reference article. Identification of the audience for the article: The most important point when developing a manuscript In this article, Hartwig, Dunville, Kim, Levy et al (2009) aimed at addressing specific issues related to the effectiveness of health promotion programs under the “Healthy People 2010” framework. The aim was to provide a detailed description of the effectiveness of “microgrant” program offered to aid agencies and groups with funds they needed to promote public health at the local levels. As such, it is evident that the primary audience for the article consists of policy makers and leaders in the public health, especially those involved in promoting healthcare at the local levels (Cargill & O’Connor, 2012). The purpose of targeting this group of users is to ensure that they have some firsthand information from research, which enables them to determine specific strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and areas that require additional effort or focus in promoting public health. Key elements of writing for an audience Purpose of addressing the audience The purpose of the study or the article should be predetermined. In this case, the purpose of carrying out the study is significant. A study should be carried out with a purpose, which should be designed to address a current problem or issue or provide evidence that a certain issue exists (Cargill & O’Connor, 2012). In this case, the purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the programs under the “Healthy People 2010” initiative. The authors wanted to determine whether the programs had attained their goals. In addition, they wanted to show the degree of success that these programs yielded in addressing the identified health problems. What does the audience belief or know? The audience’s belief is an important aspect when preparing a manuscript for a scientific study. The target audiences vary in knowledge, belief and experience. For instance, for a large audience (such as the public), the researcher should choose an effective method of communicating the research findings to ensure that every person understands the contents (Meredith, 2011). However, most scientific studies aim at communicating the results to a specific group of individuals. In most cases, the target includes individuals with prior knowledge in the topic or field of study. Thus, scientific language is used because the target group has some
Introduction The revolutionary NikeMPx is a concept idea by the multibillion-dollar Nike PLC. This product is designed to serve a client with a myriad of benefits and can be adjusted to fit different purposes. Unlike its predecessors that were limited to one purpose, the NikeMPx can be adjusted to serve sporting and non-sporting activities. This essay undertakes a comprehensive SWOT analysis of the NikeMPx shoe. SWOT Analysis Strengths The product can be modified to serve different purposes. This means that a client purchasing the NikeMPx shoe is given the benefit of using the footwear for sporting and non-sporting activities. Specifically, the product has adjustable soles that can be changed at will to fit the activity of a user. For instance, the shoe can serve as a soccer and evening wear depending on the sole attached. The unique nature of this product promises proactive usability, irrespective of the activities of a client. It means that a client will save on buying different shoes to serve various purposes since the NikeMPx is multipurpose footwear. Lastly, NikeMPx offers the client an opportunity to save by buying just a single pair of shoes. Since the product promises comfort, its level of client acceptability is high. Weaknesses The innovative idea may not be easily acceptable to many clients since most users of Nike product prefer footwear that fit a specific sporting or non-sport activity. It would be challenging to market the product solely on the benefit of adjustable soles. Moreover, some clients might find the idea rather awkward to just own a single pair of shoes to serve different purposes. Specifically, customers purchasing the Nike brand are people of means who can afford to own different pairs of shoes. Lastly, many customers would be uncomfortable being spotted in the same pair of shoes on different occasions, even when the sole is adjusted, especially female clients. Opportunities The product can be marketed as a concept idea for 21 st -century sporting and non-sports shoe apparel. Since the NikeMPx is the first of its kind in the shoe apparel industry, the promise of multiple usages can be packaged to appeal to the first adopters to set a trend in the global market. Also, the product has the opportunity of being a fast stock among other Nike brands, especially when there is a general acceptance in the market. For instance, it would attract a lot of media attention and brand acceptance from many potential experimenters. Threats The existence of another brand promising the same benefits, such as Adidas, might reduce the market share for the NikeMPx in the local and global markets. Specifically, at present, other competing brands are developing the same concept. Another potential threat is the development of clones or fake apparel by scrupulous business entities that might compromise the quality perception in the minds of potential customers. For instance, if a fake butch is released in the market, customers might find it difficult to adjust or restore the trust they have for Nike products. Conclusion In summary,
There was a time in the history of America when life was lived simply and everyone was afforded everything in life equally. Nobody was ever too rich or too poor and social circles meant that everybody in town knew its inhabitants and were good neighbors to each other. But all of that is gone now. These days, society is well divided more by money and class distinction than anything else. Using a specific paragraph quote from the assigned reading for this class, I plan to discuss what factors influence our points of view regarding social classes, where we get our foundation for social class distinction, and how social classes are evolving in the 21st century. More importantly, I want to point out and discuss the pitfalls and drawbacks of the race to join the elite social class. All of these will be based upon my observations and points of view since I live with the great social divide every single day. In her article “This Land Is Their Land” author Barbara Ehrenreich depicts the social gap that now exists in our modern society. To quote: Of all the crimes of the rich, the aesthetic deprivation of the rest of us may seem to be the merest misdemeanor. Many of them owe their wealth to their usual tricks: squeezing their employees, overcharging their customers, and polluting any land they’re not going to need for their third or fourth homes. Once they’ve made (or inherited) their fortunes, the rich can bid up the price of goods that ordinary people also need — housing for example. Gentrification is dispersing the urban poor into overcrowded suburban ranch houses, while billionaire’s horse farms displace rural Americans into trailer homes. Similarly, the rich can easily for over annual tuition’s of $ 50,000 and up, which has helped make college education a privilege of the upper classes. (Ehrenreich 2) The paragraph quoted above speaks tremendously as to what factors determine a person’s social class in our modern society. The most common social indicators being family or personal wealth, personal income, and finally, the social status one was born in or climbed up the social ladder from. If a person meets the unspoken criteria for hobnobbing with the creme de la creme of society, he is accepted on one particular condition alone, he can keep up the Jones’. The result is a lifestyle that is dictated by the social norm of the class that he wishes to become a part of. As I read over the quoted passage again, I find myself asking “Where
Introduction Interracial marriages occur when people from different races marry. Such exogamous marriages result in interracial couples. Such couples bear children who are characterized by mixed races. In America, the High Court legalized interracial marriages in 1967 when crossbreeding rulings were adopted. Interracial laws were quickly adopted by most of the states in the US. Today, interracial marriages are legal and generally allowed across the federation. Over nine million multiracial Americans form 5.6% of the total American population. As Burton, Bonilla-Silva, Ray, Buckelew, and Freeman (2010) reveal, the most common interracial couples involve Asians and Whites, Blacks and Whites, Native Americans and Asians, Native Americans and Whites, and Native Americans and Blacks. In the US, white Americans are less likely to engage in interracial marriages. However, interracial children who result from marriages between white husbands and other races are more since whites are the majority. This paper presents the subject of interracial marriages in the US. However, it will begin by presenting several myths that people have established concerning such marriages in the US. Myths and Stereotypes on Interracial Couples/Marriages About 2.1% of white married women have husbands from other races. In the same way, 10% of black men are married to spouses from other races while 29% of Asian Americans have white spouses (McClain, 2011). The percentage of marriages between Asians and Black Americans is 19%. Hispanics who are identified with native whites are also more likely to marry Hispanic white spouses. About 14.6% of fresh matrimonial ceremonies in America are witnessed in couples from diverse ethnic backgrounds. This observation implies a probable increase in interracial children as time progresses based on the current increasing number of children from Asian and White parents, Asian and Black parents, Blacks and White parents, Native Americans and White parents, Native Americans and Black parents, and Asian and Black parents. Because of the increased interracial children in the US, it is projected that the future of this federation will witness a doubling of the number of interracial population. Various myths and stereotypes have existed over the years while others have just come up with the increase in interracial marriages, couples, and families across the world, particularly in the US. Some of the common myths about interracial marriages include: Interracial Marriages involve Blacks and Whites People presuppose that interracial unions occur between two races, namely the black and white races (Burton et al., 2010). The stereotype further implies the existence of only two races in the world where one can only be either a black or a white. Th