ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Clarifying the Assignment The first agenda in the meeting between Rick and Bill should be a comprehensive clarification of the assignment. Ricky has the obligation to acquaint Bill with all the dynamics relating to the assignment to be delegated. This information should include the expected results and the possible limitations that might affect different approaches to the project (Robbins & Coulter, 2012). With the knowledge about the assignment, Bill will indicate whether he is suited to handle the assignment. During this stage of delegation, Ricky may also take the opportunity to highlight the performance level he expects from Bill, and Bill has a chance to highlight the approach he will use to meet the goals. Employee’s Range of Discretion Ricky has the obligation to clarify the range of authority that he is willing to delegate to Bill as he handles the project. It is apparent that the project will require Bill to have access to some leadership power along the way so that he can deliver the required objectives. There is a high risk that when such a project is delegated by the manager to an employee, the employee assumes that he or she has equal power with the manager. Ricky should inform Bill about the powers he can exercise in the company following his acceptance of the delegated assignment. Employee Participation It is important for the manager delegating a task to an employee to give the employee a chance to take part in the discussion on the parameters of authority he or she will require. The manager should only be concerned about the end results of the project; hence, the employee should be allowed to decide which leadership powers he or she may require based on his or her plan. Employee participation is a source of motivation and empowerment of the employee involved (Robbins & Coulter, 2012). For instance, in Ricky’s case, he should allow Bill to weigh in on the amount of authority he will require. It is also important for Ricky to look into limiting the power he grants to Bill because there is always a risk of bias on the part of the employee to whom an assignment is being delegated. Informing others about the Delegated Assignment It is important to notify the employees who will be affected by the new arrangement. Ricky should look into identifying the employees that will work closely with Bill, and he should let them know about the authority delegated to Bill. This strategy will foster their cooperation with Bill, and it will make the project run more smoothly with Bill exercising some leadership power. It is important for Ricky to contact stakeholders outside the organization, who will be contacted by Bill. Establishing Feedback Channels Feedback channels during the pro
Evaluate the effectiveness of the roles that the strategic leaders played in the formation of the performance management strategy Effective management strategy is essential for the success of a business corporation. This statement implies that leaders should be well equipped with effective leadership skills for the implementation of crucial strategies for the success of a business corporation. In Porter Novelli’s case, the formation of the performance management strategy was a complex process, which demanded competent leadership for its successful formation. There were numerous challenges brought about by huge demands by the clients, which put the corporation to the test due to its competence in the public relations sector (Fegley, 2011). In carrying out the evaluation of the strategic leadership at Porter Novelli, it is important to begin by evaluating its main objective. Its founders believed in improving the performance of non-profit making organizations in their delivery of public health and social services across the world through the application of creative and strategic marketing approaches. It is essential to look deeply into the above objective since it forms the basis of the nature of service delivery, management strategy, and nature of leadership focus at Porter Novelli. In other words, the main objective is the basis of the judgment of the performance of any corporation or institution since it forms the focal point of all efforts and management practices (Pham-Gia, 2009). The success of the Porter Novelli performance must have been achieved through the competent and skillful leadership strategies of its leaders. It is good to note that strategic leadership is realizable through effective coordination between leaders and their subordinates. In order to achieve effective coordination, leaders must ensure that the corporation has put in place effective industrial relations mechanisms (Berger & Berger, 2003). This aspect boosts the employees’ morale since they become part of the corporation’s success. In addition, it ensures that proper mechanisms for dealing with employees’ grievances are in place. Effective leaders do not believe in impossibilities and they put the clients’ needs on top of their priorities. For instance, most clients coming to Porter Novelli often have specific requirements
Introduction Organisational behaviour assesses the influence that individuals, associations, and structures have on conduct in an organisation in a bid to use such knowledge to boost efficiency in an organisation (Kopelman, Prottas & Davis 2008). Organisational behaviour further encompasses psychology, communication, sociology, and management. This paper analyses the issues arising from operations at Hawk Car Company with reference to different theories. Organisational structure and culture bear a dependent connection with each other. In a company like Hawk Car Company, management structure shapes the behaviours that give rise to work culture. Hawk Car Company was initially using hierarchical configuration and Taylorist techniques of production (Mullins 2007). In the hierarchical structure, the power of decision-making was concentrated at the top, thus revealing no freedom and independence at the lower ranks. The company later decentralised the management structure with shared power at every level using teamwork where workers could now operate in teams. This move gave rise to a more personalised and responsible autonomous culture. The manner in which a company assigns power influences the behaviour of employees. The initial hierarchical structure in Hawk Company encompassed a manager and workers and well outlined undertakings and reporting associations. The hierarchical structure normally offers apparent formal and informal parameters on the behaviour anticipated from individuals at every stage of the hierarchy (Zheng, Yang & McLean 2010), and thus members in the group unconditionally accept orders from the manager. Owing to the use of the hierarchical structure, issues arose in the Hawk Car Company. To start with, the company employees were experiencing dissatisfaction that resulted in high extents of absenteeism as well as high staff turn over. Hawk Car Company also encountered difficulties recruiting new workforce. The issues arising from the hierarchical structure come up when employees fail to identify or agree to the management structure. With employees on assembly lines at Hawk Car Company initially having little say in designing and running of the production line, some workers were aggravated since the leaders would persistently disregard their recommendations (Zheng, Yang & McLean 2010). Even minor differences pertaining to the manner in which employees perceive the hierarchical structure would hinder harmonisation and have a negative impact on performance. These hierarchical structure problems have a tendency of exacerbating as employees get to know each other. It is difficult for a manager to lead a group each day and generate new strategic plans. Taylorist methods of production used at Hawk Car Company ensured that there was a standard way of carrying out every task. In the Taylorist method, certain employees could be chos
Madness The theme of madness is the most powerful aspect of this tragedy. King Lear is portrayed as being insane throughout the play and his condition deteriorates towards the end (Archer, Turley, and Thomas 521). Two of his daughters recognize their father’s mental state and perhaps take advantage of the insanity to acquire power at the expense of their younger sister (Edmiston and McKibben 97). However, the two daughters attribute their father’s mental challenge to his old age. The insanity influences most of the King’s decisions as he banishes his loyal daughter and divides power between the two disloyal children (Woodford 77). The decision to disown and curse his daughter, viz. Cordelia, is uninformed, as it cannot be expected from a mentality sound individual. Some scholars argue that both Kent and Cordelia are aware of the King’s condition right from the beginning, which explains why they remain loyal to him even as he mistreats them (Archer, Turley, and Thomas 523). The madness is connected to the trouble that befalls the King later in his helpless state as he faces all sorts of mistreatments from the two daughters whom he gives the mandate to run the kingdom. Due to his insanity, he fails to make an informed decision regarding giving away power to the self-centered daughters. Appearance versus reality This theme stands out throughout the play as everything works against the readers’ expectations (Edmiston and McKibben 96). In the opening scenes of the play, King Lear relies on his older daughters’ faked sycophancy, and thus he rewards them with his kingdom. In addition, against the audience’s expectations, he sends away Cordelia, who is the only loyal daughter. In addition, he banishes Kent, who is one of his closest confidantes, on grounds of disloyalty. However, his two older daughters, whom he entrusts with his kingdom, are disloyal to him (Moore 181). The two daughters, whom he entrusts the kingdom, later betray him by mistreating and neglecting him in his old age. Edmond conspires to discredit Edgar, his brother in-law, to his father (Ioppolo 139). Based on the conspiracy, his father sends Edgar away and shifts his trust on Edmond. However, Edmond is a traitor and he is only driven by jealousy to have his brother evicted so that he can gain power in the kingdom (Archer, Turley, and Thomas 529). As opposed to the expectations of his father, Edmond later causes trouble in the kingdom. The loyal characters in the play are expected to hold the best positions in the kingdom; however, they are portrayed as the poorest, while the disloyal persons hold powerful positions. Therefore, disloyalty wins over loyalty in this kingdom. Blindness The theme of blindness stand out clearly in King Lear in relation to the physical blindness
Introduction In a fast-growing environment, technology has a vital role in the day to day life. Many companies use various modern technologies to provide maximum satisfaction to the customers. Compared to other industries, the hospitality industry has now become the largest industry in the world. So they have taken more care about the needs and requirements of the customers. Therefore, the hospitality field is forced to acquire new technology to provide maximum satisfaction to the customers. “High tech is required for the multi-dimensional resource planning of resources, facilities, staff, and clients.” (Kristopson, 2004, p.146). Main body High technology and high touch mean providing the best service to the customers, and interaction among the staff and customers. In today’s world, technology is growing very rapidly and for the existence of every business, they have to cope with the changing technology. The main factor needed for the existence of any business is customer satisfaction and cooperation. So, in such cases, hospitality is essential for the success of the business. The hospitality industry uses the latest technologies to boost its service for the accomplishment of business goals. So the “companies become more responsive to customer needs, more efficient in their operations and more successful in the long run – even in an economic downturn.” (Maestre, 2001, para.3). Hospitality management ensures customer service, satisfaction, and safety, etc. The hospitality industry employs well-qualified and efficient staff to fulfill the needs of the customer in a better way. “Resort and casino operators for years tracked regular customers and knew not only their preferred accommodations but also their client’s taste in décor, food and beverage favorites and support services.” (Hogan, 2009, James Durbin (retired) President, Marriott hotels, para.2). The high tech and high touch are important for every business need to keep their customers happy. The personal relationship between the customer and businessman helps in knowing the customer’s needs so that they can provide the appropriate requirements of the customer. Technologies like wireless phones, internet services, video conferencing, etc help in improving the customer and staff relationship. These help to exchange information very fast. Thus, hospitality with high technology improves the growth of the business, and also the business can exist without any risk. Therefore, several resorts and clubs are utilizing this technology to increase the number of guests. The high technology and high touch offer technology-supported services to the customers which leads to improve efficiency and thereby increase in profit. This will also help to improve the quality of service. The high technology and high touch can maintain a good relationship with the customers in the respective industries. This technology also reduces the number of staff. Some of the disadvantages of these self-service systems are “service failure and service recovery, a reduction in interpersonal contac
Abstract Making decisions on whether to end the life of terminally ill patients is shrouded in controversies and disagreements, and is seen as an unethical act. This paper attempts to make arguments in support of euthanasia as an alternative form of healthcare for terminally ill patients whose quality of life is significantly reduced due to the effects of such an illness. The paper evaluates three perspectives in support of euthanasia: patient rights and autonomy, humanistic concern for patients’ happiness and utilitarianism view on the attainment of the highest happiness. Crucial evidence is drawn from real life and hypothetical cases to justify the arguments herein. It is imperative to note that the paper calls for euthanasia for only deserving patients, based on the quality of life, the terminal illnesses, patient’s consent and patients happiness. Additionally, the role of healthcare professionals becomes significantly important as it enhances professionalism as well as in helping to determine patients that deserve to be euthanized. Introduction End of life is one of the most critical periods in a person’s life, which becomes even more critical when terminal illness mediates the end of life process. Dealing with terminal illnesses is the hallmark of controversies surrounding the end of life process. As a result, various controversial views, such as assisting terminally ill patients in ending life, have emerged. Euthanasia, as assisted death is commonly referred to, generates debate, especially on ethical permissibility. . It is imperative to note that for both the opponents and proponents of euthanasia, the quality of life is usually the focal point, even though there is no agreement on the criteria of defining quality with regards to life. Nevertheless, there are situations in which euthanasia is not only justifiable but also the only ethically permissible act in alleviating pain for terminally ill patients. The paper evaluates three basic viewpoints for euthanasia and also attempts to justify the call for euthanasia through citing various forms of evidence. Defining Euthanasia It is primarily assumed that healthcare is not only intended to eliminate human suffering but also to prolong life. Healthcare at the end of life has always been an issue of great controversy. Various treatment regimens, such as use of traditional treatment methods, seeking spiritual healing as well as science-based disease elimination methods have been developed (Buse, 2008). Suffice to state that the development of various treatment methods has also led to the emergence of legal, ethical and philosophical challenges (Munson, 1996). One such challenge is how to deal with terminal illnesses, with euthanasia increasingly becoming a preferred option. Euthanasia is shrouded in mystery and controversy. But defining it helps to address such controversies. The modern perception of euthanasia borrows from two Greek terminologies “‘eu’ implying good, and “thanasia’ implying death” (Coyle, 1992). Thus, while euthanasia refers to ‘good d
Abstract The issues of Orientalism by Edward Said and post-colonialism by Homi K. Bhabha are regarded to be the similar views o geo-politics, philosophy, history and culture of the Eastern region. The fact is that, these views represent similar ideas, however they contradict each other in some moments, that are essential for the clear interpretation and implementation of these considerations. Both emphasize the shared cultural and national identities, however the suggestions to overcome the consequences of colonial past are different in the very basis. “Orientalism” and “Nation and Narration” both touch upon the historical origin of Oriental cultures, however “Nation and Narration” by Bhabha gets much deeper in history and aims to analyze the pre-colonial period. The key concept of geo-political approaches here is in the realization of neo-Marxist view of the world structure: the states should aim to be the center, while most of them stay in the semi-periphery of the world system. Introduction To begin with, it is necessary to mention, that the studies of Orientalism and post-colonialism often differ, and contradict each other in some particular moments. Originally, Orientalism is the division of philosophical, historical, cultural and political studies, that relate the place and the role of the Eastern countries in the world politics, and the lives of the other countries all over the world. This approach mainly regards the Eastern countries as the former colonies of the European states, and argues on the matters of the contemporary Islamic culture, that plays significant role in shaping the security principles, fuel price politics and the military regulation processes. Homi K. Bhabha’s position stands for the post-colonial issues, and claims that former colonies is the homogeneous block of the states, that should unite, and act jointly. The key principle of his studies is that all the national differences of the ex-colonies are artificial, and should be eliminated. He makes the particular emphasis on the antagonism between the
Introduction My first impression came from the dirty floor, the scattered elements of medical instruments, and the general untidiness. The picture is quite disturbing; the dirty things and blood on the floor make you think about whether the person was saved or not. The lack of a couch or chair is panic-inducing; the monitors turned off, open drawers, and abandoned gowns and gloves look creepy. The picture is very unpleasant, and the only thought is about the man’s fate. Second Impression If a doctor or nurse I know sent me this photo and said something like, “we are saving your relative,” I probably would not believe it at first, and then I would be horrified. I would pay attention to the trash, to the abundance of bright blood on the floor. The incomprehensible instrumentation, the dirty robes would have been fear-mongering, and I would have tried to find signs of life in the photo. Scattered stuff is one of the alarming signs that would scare me a lot. Thrown tools and clothes in a hurry put me in a state of anxiety and made me think of unpleasant things. I would probably immediately rush to the hospital or clinic for more information. The Incident The photo was published in 2014: a man was taken to the emergency room after being hit by a train. Fired nurse Katie Duke reposted it from someone else’s Instagram – the doctor who first posted the incident photo. Kathy added a comment, and it probably caused her to be charged with insensitivity to someone else’s tragedy. The doctor who first posted the picture was not reprimanded, fined, or fired. There were no actual signs of a violation of the ethics code: there was no signature on the photo (Palacios-Gonzalez, 2015). Most likely, it was the presence of Kathy’s comment that led to her swift dismissal because it in some way indicates the identity of the victim. I do not entirely agree that her comment falls under ethical misconduct because there is no direct indication. I think the administration could have used a different restraint. If we imagine a hypothetical situation in which the photo was originally published with the signature, most likely, the doctor would have been fined or fired. The punishment would vary depending on the nature of the signature and any elements indicating a particular person. Nevertheless, it is worth realizing that physicians are the more protected group in a hospital because they provide specialized care to the injured. The priority task of nurses is to provide preventive health and sanitary care related to maintenance and supervision (Chretien & Kind, 2013). In this connection, how the hospital management treats its employees and how willing they are to advocate for their rights also plays a role. Explanation of HIPAA Violations HIPAA is a set of criteria related to the patient and their personal data that a healthcare facility and its employees must comply with. If not adhered to, a HIPAA breach occurs, leading to leaks of patient