ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The purpose of the research by Judge and Bono was to conduct a review of the literature which studies the correlation between self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, internal locus of control, and low neuroticism (emotional stability), on the one hand, and job performance and job satisfaction, on the other, and gather information in order to provide a quantitative evaluation of this correlation. The study found that each of the four traits had a positive, nonzero relationship to both job performance and job satisfaction (Judge and Bono 81, 82). It is also interesting that the traits have a greater influence on job satisfaction than on job performance (Judge and Bono 83). The authors state that the estimated true score correlations of self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, internal locus of control, and low neuroticism to job performance were 0.26, 0.23, 0.22, and 0.19, respectively, whereas the correlations of these traits to job satisfaction equaled 0.26, 0.45, 0.32, and 0.24, respectively. One of the most interesting findings is that the self-esteem affects both job satisfaction and job performance virtually to an equal degree, whereas the other three traits affect job satisfaction more. It would appear that e.g. low neuroticism should have more influence on job performance that high self-esteem, for emotional stability seems to be more important to do one’s work properly, but we can see that it is slightly less influential in case of job satisfaction, and has even less effect on job performance. Works Cited Judge, Timothy A., and Joyce E. Bono. “Relationship of Core Self-Evaluations Traits – Self-Esteem, Generalized Self-Efficacy, Locus of Control, and Emotional Stability – With Job Satisfaction and Job Performance: A Meta-Analysis.” Journal of Applied Psychology 86.1 (2001): 80-92. Print.
Judaism is one of the oldest religions in the world. History reveals that Judaism has existed for more than four thousand years ago. Historians point out that Judaism is the religion with the least number of followers globally. Besides Zoroastrianism, Islam, and Christianity, Judaism is among the four major monotheistic faiths present in the modern world. Monotheistic adherents have a firm conviction that God exists as one. The construction of Judaism is rooted in this assertion. Judaism has many followers on various continents. Although widely practiced by Jews, Judaism practices and beliefs have attracted other cultures across the world. It is estimated that about fourteen million of the world Jew population claim Judaism tenets of beliefs. The religion is mostly concentrated in Europe, Israel, the United States, and some parts of Asia. According to Hannabuss (16), whereas Judaism is connected with the rabbis of the second century, many historians believe that Hillel, a Pharisee, was the real founder. Hillel Immigrated to Palestine during the first century B.C.E. His immigration was sparked by King Herod’s decision to dissolve the Hasmonean priesthood (Forta, 116). Hillel influenced many followers; this made his appeal to the majority of them. Besides, he was found to possess the “holy spirit,” based on his personality attributes. He was patient, humble, loving, and peaceful. These moral attributes were exemplified in his personal precept of embracing personal responsibility and being careful to avoid endangering the well-being of the society. Hillel further illustrated these values by harmonizing himself and others in his lawful enactments , the Prosbol . The Prosbol negated the biblical decree that demanded the liberation of all debts a person had every seven years. The origin can also be traced to the region of Canaan, present-day Israel. It originated as a method of practices and beliefs of the people referred to as “Israel,” Rabbinic, or Classical (Forta, 98). However, in the earlier periods of growth, Judaism did not emerge strongly. It was until the first century when the strength of Judaism started to be felt. Judaic heritage is anchored in the covenant made between God, Abraham, and his ancestry. The covenant spelled out that; God will grant his descendants a holy land and make them sacred. For several years this covenant came true. This was illustrated in the prominent leaders of Israelite culture, such as Moses, Isaac, and Abraham himself. Judaic followers believe in God as the Supreme Being. They believe that God created the world and all therein. Judaism beliefs are entrenched in the ethical, religious,
Introduction Religion is a vital institution of society that provides spiritual growth of an individual, and thus it shapes societies. The 21 st Century has been symbolized by the shift towards secularism where liberalism is encouraged. The emergence of a pluralistic society due to cultural diversity seems to have an impact on religion as people accommodate new values, norms, and behaviors that are in line with the modern secular culture. In particular, Islam has been subjected to influences from the new trends brought about by modernity, thus posing a threat to its values in some cases. This paper will examine the harmony and incompatibility that exists between Islam and secularism. Harmony of Islam and secularism Modernization plays a central role in creating a balance and differences among various aspects of society especially on religion. Some compatibility exists between the Islamic religion and the secular society. Some aspects of pluralism and democracy seem to go in line with religious expectations, thus facilitating morality, which is a core feature of Islam. The changing nature of society necessitates the need for the abandonment of the conservativeness of some Muslims to embrace secularism (Engineer 136). Therefore, the interpretation of both religion and secularism has a bearing on the compatibility of the two given that they are dynamic in nature. In this case, compatibility between Islam and secularism is attainable if the approach is not from a rigid perspective. Embracing flexibility is called for among Muslims for the intergradation of secular values into Islamic values where applicable (Jan 322-330). In this regard, approaching both religion and secularism from a liberal perspective enhances harmony between the two. The Quran further highlights the harmony between Islam and secularism whereby it clearly asserts that groups have their law and way of worshipping God. (Engineer 139). In this case, Allah supports a pluralistic society where diversity should be respected. Consequently, accepting individuals from other cultures that might be more secularized than that of Muslims is encouraged for the sake of treating everyone equally regardless of the different socio-political backgrounds. Respect for other people’s belief systems is thus essential for a peaceful coexistence between Muslims and other pluralistic cultures since human beings were not all created as a single people, but differently for the attainment of a fully structured unit. Democracy is a core feature of modern politics. It advocates equal rights and respect for the rights of other people regardless of their socio-economic backgrounds. Therefore, democracy is a political aspect of secularism that has a bearing on Islam. Although countries dominated by Muslim citizens such as Malaysia do not exercise equal application of political rights, the Quran is against such practice since it does not advocate territorial Islamic states (Engineer 140). Therefore, human rights should be upheld and equally
Abstract The perceptions of Shakespeare’s literary work vary among different writers and actors alike. The interpretation of the actual literary themes in Shakespeare’s 19 century plays and poems is difficult without distortion; in addition, representation of these themes in the original language in films diminishes the actual quality of his works. According to Stanivukovic, in Shakespeare and Homosexuality, the conception of homosexuality in the 19 th Century was explicit based on the literary views of Shakespeare. He argues that the cultural perceptions of that time helped to shape Shakespeare’s views on homosexuality. He further argues that the opinions held by intellectuals of the time about homosexuality further contributed to Shakespeare’s homoerotic acts in his literary work. Other authors believe that producing Shakespeare’s literary work on film cannot work. Thomas Cartelli, in Doing it slant: Reconceiving Shakespeare in Shakespeare aftermath, argues that producing Shakespeare plays and poems on films makes them lose their literary value. In addition, the films produced do not provide the actual picture presented in his literary works. The original language used in Shakespeare’s work also diminishes with the production of Shakespeare’s work in films. The plot of play also diminishes with the introduction of modern literary genres into films. In Julius Caesar, the theme revolves around the struggle for power and fate over leadership in ancient Rome. Introduction Shakespeare’s play, Julius Caesar, begins with a disapproval of the mass celebrations by the Roman citizens of Caesar’s victory over his enemies. Murellus and Flavius discourage the citizens from participating in these celebrations while neglecting their work. During the celebration Brutus and Cassius, Caesar’s confidantes, express their fears over Caesar’s perceived popularity in the public domain which could enable him to become the king despite his lack of the right qualifications and they feel that this will not be good for the republic. The politicians, notably Cassius, then conspire to block Caesar’s ascendancy to power citing his lack of appropriate qualities. After much persuasion, Brutus agrees to Cassius’s proposition to assassinate Caesar. Later on Caesar visits the Senate accompanied with his conspirators despite his wi
Tayeb Salih’s novel titled Season of Migration to the North revolves around relationships between men and women, although a critical analysis of the story reveals several themes, which include, among others, death and gender violence. A review of the scene in which Jean Morris, the main female character in the story, tells Mustafa to “come with her” while she is on the verge of death gives a concise view of her role in advancing the themes of death and gender violence. In this particular scene, Mustafa narrates how he pressed down a dagger on Jean Morris’ chest “until it had all disappeared between her breasts” (Salih 136). He could feel her blood gushing from the chest but started making love to her. Strangely, Jean Morris was only shouting, “Come with me. Come with me. Don’t let me go alone” (Salih 136). Essentially, this scene could be interpreted as the embodiment of the gender violence theme in the novel, as Mustafa goes ahead to make love to a dying woman after stabbing her. The fact that Jean Morris beseeches her brutal lover to “come with her” indicates that she equally wished him death. However, this scene is a culmination of a series of incidents in which Jean Morris provokes Sa’eed to act violently, often challenging him to murder her. Jean’s utterances, as they reflect how she still dared Mustafa, in this scene teach the audience that gender violence was a precursor for death and self-destruction. Nevertheless, the narrator recounts Mustafa’s confession that he equally desired death, only that he was too afraid to commit suicide after murdering his lover. Hence, the scene featuring Jean Morris’ murder does not only contribute to gender violence and death but also serves as the epitome of these themes. Reference Salih, Tayeb. Season of Migration to the North. Translated by Denys Johnson-Davis, New York Review Books, 2009.
The importance of maritime trade for the North American economy cannot be overestimated. Billions of tons of foreign and domestic goods are transported through U.S. ports each year. 53% of all imported goods reach the United States by ports, and the remaining 25% by land, and 22% by air. If we look at the export of the U.S. goods, the port dominance is also very significant with 38% of all goods transported by sea, 33% by land, and 29% by air (U.S. Department of Commerce, 2012). Without the ports, the U.S. trade would lose more than a half of its profits. The United States trades with China, Japan, Mexico, Brazil, and many other countries predominantly with the use of ports. Ports and harbors in the U.S. are not only major trade vehicles of the U.S. economy; they are also responsible for providing employment for major cargo and transfer companies, and hundreds of thousands of workers in coastal areas working at ports or their vicinities. Taking the importance of ports into account, issues relating to organizing and managing port security become increasingly pressing nowadays. If one were to imagine for a moment that ports in the U.S. stopped functioning, it would not inflict damage only on the U.S. economy, but also on its multiple trading partners and the entire countries’ economies which are heavily dependent on maritime trade. Historically, the major security issues relating to ports security related to piracy attacks in territorial waters. However the terrorist attacks of 2001 were a paradigm-shifting event that promoted the entire maritime sector to re-consider security system at ports and vessels (Christopher, 2012). With billions of tons transported by the seas and oceans, the security staff is faced with challenging tasks of assuring that the commodities inside the multi-ton containers are safe and may safely leave the ports. Given the terrorist threats, a thorough checking of vessel’s cargo is recommended, however with tons of commodities transported in thousands of containers daily, lengthy security checks might result in cargo shipment delays and disrupt the shipping procedures. Furthermore, governments have responded to terrorist threats by enacting new security regulations and imposing new cargo inspection procedures and requirements which may also result in increased and prolonged security checks (Christopher, 2012). The new regulations and heightened security slow down businesses in their daily shipment operations. With this in mind, port security systems are faced with the challenge of enhancing and streamlining the inspection procedures, and incorporating smart technologies or sophisticated equipment which will result in quicker and more accurate inspections. The threats from terrorism do not emanate only from the explosives that may be potentially hidden in cargo inside the containers. The ports may also become targets for extremists attempting to enter the port premises carrying guns and explosives. The real danger lies in the fact that there’s a likelihood that the workers employed
Concept and Vision The daily life of the older people under medication is timely consideration for their medicines. The majority of the aged people have to take medication regularly, and due to their age, timekeeping has been a problem. Failure to keep time has made it impossible for older people to follow up on their medication on time. The scheduled time for any medication should be followed by the patient regardless of their age. For the case of aged people, it has been a challenge to adhere to their medication’s timed schedule. Mostly, it has been noticed that most of the older people have been skipping medication as scheduled due to their age factor. As they get older, some of these older people develop memory loss, and forgetting becomes a challenge. Moreover, it is difficult for these older people to follow their medical schedule daily without being reminded. Therefore, there is a need to develop an innovative technology that will help them take medication on time. The most effective technology for solving this challenge is the use of a medical watch. The medical watch would help solve the issue of aged people forgetting about their medication schedule (Medical alert system., n.d.). The watch would use artificial intelligence technology that automatically reminds the older people about their medication. The activity will make the older people unable to forget their medication as scheduled by doctor. The requirement in this watch is for the clients to key in their schedule, the name, and medicine dozes for their daily activity. Like the telehealth technology, the watch will have the ability to get doctor’s directives over time. Brief Market Analysis In this scenario, the medical watch technology is related to manufacturing smartwatches for medical use in China. China has continuously advanced its technology in the healthcare department through the application of artificial intelligence systems. China has been offering its technological innovation to the next level, capable of manufacturing medical watches. This company will therefore develop medical watches after the idea is made. The market for the medical watch has been increasing in China, with most of its clients being aged people. Brief Customers and Customer Development The medical watch product will attract customers from different places, especially aged people. Older people are more targeted in this technological product development due to their challenges. Considering the report that older people have forgotten about the majority of their medication schedule, the older people forget to take their medicines on time and thus affecting their health. The medical watch product will make these older pe
Introduction Learning is a process whereby an individual sought for the acquisition of knowledge that can be obtained through any means. Various means of sorting for materials have been identified some of which include books and electronic sources. But one would like to know which of the sources supersede the other and that, calls for the quest of this research work (Naqvi et al, 45). Books versus Electronic Media The basic objective or aim of this research work is to better position our minds about the various argument arising from which of the materials or mediums to be adopted in learning. Researchers all over the world from the various schools of thought have carried out some researches in this field under study and came up with the useful conclusion that, although in as much as books can be of great importance, the likes of electronics sources cannot be left out since the electronic learning process involves the combination of graphics, video, and audio, which are also basically an information utilization process. The main area of coverage of this study could be said to cover the whole of the environment patterning to school and one’s private life(Narayana et al,67). Others may argue that the electronics resources approach applied in learning is not only deceptive but are also not reliable (Paul,45). This is justified by the fact that the accessibility of electronic and digital materials in schools, homes and various libraries lacks consistency in availability. On the other hand, issues have also been raised by the various managements of library boards concerning the supply of books to libraries (Eqbal et al 23). They stated that the interval in which books are been supplied to libraries and the introduction of books of recent editions was rather an aspect which was not seriously considered and which was the pivot condition of making the adoption of books in the learning process relevant. Contrary to the above limitation found in the adoption of books in the learning process, the electronic and digital sources have an edge over that in that, the availability of books of various kinds and various editions at the required interval is rather not an issue to talk about since this has been dealt with, since this can be achieved through the provision or making available the electronic gadgets and most importantly, the provision of internet access to at least a reasonable number of people, or in public services centers so that it can be within the reach of everyone. Conclusion By taking a critical comparison between the above two sources of obtaining materials in learning, it can be inferred that they are interwoven, since none of the sources is completely independent of the other (Madhusudan,19). Therefore in deciding on which method to adopt in learning is based on a number of factors some of which include the availability and access of the source within the reach of the individual, school, and libraries. Works Cited Eqbal Monawwer & Khan Azhar Shah” Use of Electronic Journals by the Research Scholars of Faculty of Science
Background information about Kenya Kenya sits on 582,644 Km2 at the eastern coast of Africa with the Equator passing almost at its middle. Most of her regions stretch out in the Sudano-Sahelian belt and is a crucial channel of intercontinental maritime contact. The small percentage of moist humid or sub-humid 13% is the most productive region. The rest of the country is largely arid and semi-arid, although it is also used for agro-pastoralism and pastoralism carrying half of the total livestock population. From the 2009 census, her population stands at 37.8 million people with highly productive areas like the rift valley, central and western reporting the highest density. Only 25% of that population lives in urban areas (CBS). Kenya also benefits economically from Indian Ocean territorial waters as well as the Exclusive Economic zones where it explores, exploits, conserves, and manages marine natural resources. According to the World Bank report for the period between 2005 and 2010, she recorded $2722 (PPP). Kenya suffers frequent cyclic droughts almost every decade, while minor ones occur in 3 to 4 years (UNDP). Climatic variability leads to large and recurrent inconsistency in agricultural production; decreased crop diversity leading to market failures and huge economic losses. She heavily relies on agriculture, tourism, livestock, fishing agro-industries, hydropower and water resources for foreign exchange, subsistence, sectors, and large GDP contribution (GOK, 17). In spite of this, Kenya faces numerous environmental challenges like desertification, pollution, land degradation, and wrath of climate change in form of floods and droughts. This can be illustrated using the graph below. Table 1: Trends in Environment and Natural Resources GVA Source of data: UNEP (p.4) Depletion of wetland areas in Kenya Wetlands comprise a wide range of ecosystems, for instance water bodies’ like lakes, coral reefs and oceans as well as their catchments areas. The depletion of wetlands has been due to factors such as; destruction of catchments areas through deforestation and human settlement for instance, the Mau Complex, Aberdares, and Sondu, over fishing, inefficient sewerage system, pollution, and emission of waste and climate change. In the dominant Lake Victoria, increased eutrophication has birthed water hyacinth that threatens aquatic life and affects water levels through blockage (Odada &Olago14). This hinders the supply of clean water to the population causing loss of lives due to water borne diseases. Lake Naivasha and Lake Nakuru lie in the more productive Rift Valley region having great economic benefits in terms of fisheries and tourism. Water levels have tremendously gone down in the past five years. In the 2010 drought, Lake Nakuru almost went dry while Elmentaita totally dried up. Similarly, effluents released from the industries killed aquatic life in Lake Naivasha rendering it unattractive for tourism. Since 2011, fish prices have