ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Syria is a place of residence to one of the oldest known cultures, with a thriving creative and cultural legacy. The development of writing occurred in southwestern Mesopotamia, maybe about 3000 BCE, with the alphabet becoming an original pictorial character that evolved subsequently into Sumerian (Shoup). From its ancient origins to current political turmoil and the Syrian Civil War, the nation has a complicated and, at times, violent past. Syria, a country in history on the Mediterranean Sea’s coast, is one of the most anciently populated areas on the planet. Syria was colonized and governed by various empires throughout history. Syria was a location mentioned frequently in the Bible. Syria has a traditional culture with a lengthy history. Family, religion, schooling, consciousness, and tolerance are all valued. In and around the ancient city of Ebla, archaeologists have uncovered significant inscriptions and indications of a society rivalling those of Iraq and Egypt. Economics The Syrian economy has subsequently been reshaped by massive damage and geographical fragmentation as a result of the country’s loss of state sovereignty in various places. This dispersion has resulted in the formation of multiple war economies,’ with a variety of local and international entities engaging in their processes. The primary industrial goods are oil, fabrics, food manufacturing, drinks, cigarettes, rock phosphate extraction, concrete, oil crops processing, and vehicle assembling. The government-dominated Syria’s industrial base until the 1990s, when market policies allowed for more participation by local and international private enterprises (Donat
Introduction Different scholars seek to determine why governments and private investors engage in a complete overhaul of a city. Breitenoder (2009, p. 104) argues that like a product, a city requires branding, rebranding, and marketing. It requires a strategic plan, and an effective communications plan to achieve the city objectives. Prior to the development of a branding strategy, it is important to come up with a consumer oriented research proposal. A research-oriented proposal understands that the recipient of the product is very important throughout the phases of product development. Different theories of making including sales, production, marketing company, and other models apply differently. According to Kanna (2011, p. 75), the marketing analyst, branding is an all-encompassing aspect of product launch, which influences long-term consumer perception in relation to the product or service. He further reinforces that the most important elements for a marketer include consumers and the capital requisite for launching a successful Ad campaign. The intention of any marketer is to transform the unique selling proposition into tangible consumer benefits. In order to achieve this, it is significant to understand and change consumer attitudes and behaviour through excellent branding techniques. People brand products to increase their aesthetic value to the customers. During city branding, important features to incorporate are elements of city planning that deter investors from associating with the metropolis. City branding Attwood (2014), a marketing professional and a columnist with Arabian business suggests that sometimes countries have to take major risks in order to create a city brand that will have long-term impacts on the population. Before branding a city, the government, the investors, and the citizens play different roles. As suggested by the name, branding refers to an appraisal and upgrading process of an existing product. Attwood (2014) establishes that upgrading a product, service, or city increases consumer appeal on the commodity. There are different reasons that make branding important for different commodities. Giesen (2014) complements the study by mentioning that one of the most hectic tasks is the successful branding of a city. Unlike a product, the face value of a city lies in the eyes of the investors and the citizens. The government only responds to the calls of improvement because it can provide oversight of procurement and expenditure for the exchequer. (Attwood 2014) mentions that Saudi took an equally bold step in investing in its King Abdullah Economic City in order to increase access to the U.A.E and the rest of Europe. Business interests influence the decisions made towards upgrading cities. Besides commercial interests, there is an ardent need for countries to ensure that their cities are sustainable, tourist-friendly, and accessible to different regions across the world. Targeting and segmen
Introduction Working with certain groups of the population referring to the categories of marginalized is a relevant and rather difficult task. Medical specialists make many efforts to help people in difficult life circumstances and develop special support programs. However, patients are often forced to undergo scrutiny from the public. This work is aimed at describing the problems faced by women with HIV, an extremely dangerous disease that affects lifestyle significantly. Also, with the help of relevant scholarly resources, action plans will be reviewed and analyzed, and recommendations will be made regarding potentially effective interventions. Women with HIV are a vulnerable social group, and appropriate support may be a valuable tool in combating the disease and helping this population. Background and Significance of the Marginalized Group For the United States as a whole, the problem of HIV is relevant and important since the percentage of the population infected with this disease is quite high, which is particularly true for some individual regions. Lopez-Quintero, Rojas, Dillon, Varga, and De La Rosa (2016) pay attention to Latina women with this diagnosis and argue that, for instance, in Miami (FL), the prevalence rate is “613.0 per 100,000“ females (p. 137). At the same time, the national average level is “167.5 per 100,000” (Lopez-Quintero et al., 2016, p. 137). Also, the spread of HIV among the female population is fraught with not only increased mortality but also other related problems. During pregnancy, the risk of transmitting the virus to a fetus is high; therefore helping women with this diagnosis is the urgent task of modern medicine and the way of protecting the country’s gene pool. Also, HIV among women is associated with some other issues. As McMahon et al. (2015) note, patients with the disease in question are often prone to indiscriminate drug use, which is also one of the ways of transmitting the illness. Also, the danger of contracting sexual partners increases health risks. Effective interventions are the essential task of modern medicine since accompanying problems are a serious threat to the well-being of not only the carriers of the virus themselves but also the people around them. Therefore, this health issue should be discussed in the context of the ongoing search for relevant measures to help women with HIV. Socio-Economic Aspects of the Marginalized Group The marginalized group under consideration is forced to face some social problems that make life difficult for women with HIV and create additional challenges. Lopez-Quintero et al. (2016) state that older females are under threat due to “poor risk perception and knowledge of HIV transmission” (p.
Introduction Mission Statement Our mission is to establish FlaBlaster, as the most effective topical solution available to free the body of fat and cellulite instantly in the stomach, legs, arms, and buttocks of potential customers across the globe. In clinical trials, the product has been tested and proven to be safe and effective for users of all ages. Our manufacturer, Johnson & Johnson, has over 125 years in the same business environment, and strong business ethics (Our Company n.d.). We intend to use ethical manufacturing practices along with robust distribution channels to bring FlaBlaster to market. Product Description: Features, Size, Shape & Design Features FlaBlaster cream is a product that targets people who are looking for a quick and safe way to reshape and tone their bodies without undergoing dangerous and costly procedures. Our product provides the quickest and safest way of toning and reshaping bodies because it is a topical cream: non-invasive and have no toxins or chemical side effects. This cream is unlike any other cream on the market; customers will experience instant visible results within one use. It is the most cost-effective non-invasive method to reduce fat in the body and is comparable to liposuction because it reduces the amounts of lipids in the adipose tissue. As soon as it is applied to the affecting area, a warming effect is experienced, which signals it’s immediately processing of emulsifying fat. Customers, who utilize the cream, will visibly see a reduction in cellulite and fat within 30- 45 minutes after application. Size The original 32 ounce cream is packaged in a jar with a round open lid. The trial size will come in a pump jar. The common sizes are convenient for shelving and handling. The cream is available in two sizes, 32 ounces and 24 ounces during the trial stage. A package of 24 ounces is for a week’s supply, while a package of 32 ounces is for a month’s supply. Shape The cream is package
Stereotypes are preconceived notions of other people based on the color of their skin, their gender, their age, or any number of other factors. They are based on general characteristics of a particular group of people such as ‘all Jews are stingy’ or ‘all women belong in the home.’ In short stories, authors frequently exploit these stereotypical concepts to illustrate a point. This can be seen in Susan Glaspell’s short story “Trifles” as the women are overlooked despite the fact that they have solved the mystery of Mr. Wright’s murder. As Mrs. Peters and Mrs. Hale set to work gathering a few things for Mrs. Wright’s comfort in prison as she awaits investigation and trial following her husband’s death, in bed by strangulation with a noose around his neck, they begin to piece together the puzzle of this mysterious murder. The men laugh about the ‘trifles’ that the women are concerned with – Mrs. Wright at the prison worried about her preserves breaking in the cold and the two women in the kitchen noticing the quilt work Mrs. Wright had been working on – however, it is these trifles that tell the story of what happened. Because they are women, the men automatically assume that they are incapable of understanding the gravity of what has occurred just as the men have apparently ignored the possibility that it was Mrs. Wright who killed her husband. While the men search for a motive, the women find Mrs. Wright’s quilting blocks and discover all the evidence the men need, not that they’re willing to point it out: “Here, this is the one she was working on, and look at the sewing! All the rest of it has been so nice and even. And look at this! It’s all over the place! Why it looks as if she didn’t know what she was about!” Tucked deep inside the basket is a fancy box intended for scissors, but instead holds the body of a small canary with its head twisted around backward. As the women discuss the clues, they realize “Wright wouldn’t like the bird – a thing
Teamwork is a very important element of teaching. Through this process, educators are able to show their flexibility, their compassion toward the capabilities and fallibilities of both the students and the teachers. Respect toward not only the achievement of new skills but the existence of the drive to learn and achieve those skills would be a necessary component of teaching in all forms. Regardless of ethnicity, every student has the capacity to learn if they are to apply themselves and it would be up to the student and the professor to form a team effort toward this achievement. Yet a team is nothing without outside support from the parents and it would be vital to the success of any educational pursuit to have a full understanding of the methods taught by the professors and the abilities of the students to learn them. Having an open mind is of vital importance in first gaining achievement and then surpassing the goal that was set. This precise point is dealt with in the three selected articles by three different authors. Paula Jorde Bloom brings interesting considerations to light in regard to teamwork for early childhood education in her article ‘ How Do We Define Director Competence?’ published in the 2000 issue of Childcare Information Exchange . Her primary goal is to define competence from the perspective of educators based on leadership and teamwork among educators. Conceptualizing competence in this author’s eyes would involve three components of knowledge competency, skill competency, and attitude competency in the context of teamwork. The descriptions of each denote the most effective components of teamwork. The model presented offers this information and includes general education, early childhood/school-age knowledge and skills, experience, management knowledge and skills, and professional contributions. This series of components develop a view of competency, which Illinois policymakers utilize for the Illinois Director Credential. Professional contributions by Illinois standards should contain the following components: service within a professional organization in a teamwork role, training and presentations, advocacy, writing and publication, program improvement and research, and grants writing. Ms. Bloom’s work continues with a table that involves a listing of management knowledge and skill areas. These areas include ten divisions, technology, teamwork and advocacy, marketing and public relations, oral and written communication, program operations and facilities management, family support, educational programming, legal and fiscal management, staff management and human relations, and personal and professional self-awareness. Divisions contain specific guidelines that would be essential in the pursuit of teamwork for educati
People have always been experiencing the problems of understanding even in their own language. The language issues will probably never be solved, even if the mankind will finally come to speaking one and the same language. In spite of the evident similarity between the American English and the Black English, people still experience certain problems in understanding the Black American dialect. Although this version of American English is widespread enough to be considered a dialect of its own, there are certain doubts if this version of American English can be considered a viable language. In his gripping and incredibly insightful book, Keith Gilyard considers the Black American dialect, coming to the conclusion that what used to be a shape of the English language has finally come to be a self-sufficient language with the rules and the peculiarities of its own. After all, as the author claims, it is clear that as long as people speak a dialect, one has to admit its existence and its necessity (Gilyard). With help of logically structured arguments and historical facts about the Black American English, the author drives the reader to the idea that the Black American English is as important and viable as the rest of the world languages, which means that the Black American English is not to be underestimated. Black English: The Voices That Come from Within Unfortunately, the acknowledgement of Black English has been quite a problem since the time the vernacular language emerged. Despite the numerous researches conducted on the topic, it still presents quite a doubtful issue for linguists. Though there was a research admitting that the vernacular English does have the right to exist as a language of its own, as Gilyard claims (27), the debates building around the issue are growing increasingly long. Despite the controversy and the complicacy of the problem raised, it is evident that Keith does have a point in his attempts to convince the reader in the necessity to acknowledge Black English. What makes the greatest impression in Gilyard’s chain of interferences is the idea that as long as there are people who speak certain dialect, the latter exists whatever linguists might think. Thus, considering the idea that the Black English cannot exis
Introduction Multiple theories have been developed to eradicate randomness in the financial markets. Therefore, the markets should be studied like any other natural system. Predicting the behavior of the volatile financial market is a challenge because there has been much chaos in the market. A new capital market theory has been developed to inculcate chaos. The traditional, quantitative methods and the fractal concept are adopted to speculate and predict the market trends. A fractal is an irregular and complex trend that is not easily foreseeable into the future (Peters, 1996). Fractal Market Fractal market is also referred to as investment horizon theory. This is defined through various hypothetical statements. Some hypothesis statements purport that the market is liquid when there are a large number of investors with different time horizons. It is also important for investors to maintain their time zones irrespective of any information. The available information may not be reflected on the market price on a real time basis. The market trends reflect the changes in expected earnings. However, if the fractal structure is not maintained, the market loses stability (Michael, 1985). Markets are like a system of energy and money flow. Therefore, the study of the predictability of the market trends is critical. Some scholars have discussed fractal concept as a pattern used in the technical analysis to predict a repeat in the real time market trend (Landini, 2011). However, as a market indicator, the fractal concept is useful when used with other indicators such as moving averages. For the fractal concept to be applicable, the investors should have the real time information. This implies that for the investor to make the required decision current information has to be reflected on the market indices promptly. The market has different time horizons leading to the different class of investors. According to the fractal concept, the market remains stable as long as the difference in time horizon is maintained. In instances of time synchrony, the market loses stability because this implies that all investors are trading at the same time (Brams, et al, 2009). The fractal market concept enables investors to extrapolate a detailed map of the future price action. Therefore, this facilitates the market players to be aware of most waypoints. The fractal method as a market indicator has five bars that facilitate its application as well as entry and exit points. The fractal pattern has five bars in its application to predict the price movements. For instance, when the lower bar is located in the middle of the trend pattern surrounded by two bars with successively higher lows, a shift from the down-up trend usually
Introduction Marine environment refers to: the physical, chemical, geological and biological components, conditions and factors which interact and determine the productivity of, state, condition and quality of the marine ecosystem, the waters of the seas and oceans and the airspace above those waters, as well as the seabed and ocean floor and subsoil thereof. 1 Marine pollution is the name given to the damage which is caused by hazardous chemicals or other substances when they enter the ocean. This has a number of harmful effects, one of which is that since plankton and benthos animals depend on tiny particles for sustenance, when these potentially toxic chemicals adhere to these particles, it sets off a dangerous ripple effect: fish meal and fish oil content is an essential part of most animal feeds, and therefore, these toxins are often found in meat, eggs, milk, butter, margarine and other food items which have livestock and animal husbandry as their source. This is just one example of the dangers that marine pollution poses. 2 These contaminants usually enter the sea via rivers. For instance, rivers such as the Hudson and the Raritan in the American states of New York and New Jersey respectively, which empty into ends of Staten Island, are sources of mercury contamination of organisms present in the open ocean. Many particles mix to form a chemical combination which depletes oxygen from the water, causing hypoxia, and threatening the biological life there. The ecology of the marine environment is significantly harmed by crude/fuel oil (caused for example by natural submarine seepage, shore-based industrial and transport activities, offshore drilling, wrecked oil tankers and other ships, and discharges from ships which pump out cargo and ballast tanks with sea water), chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides – including DDT, dieldrin and endrin – (through water run-off from agricultural areas and from the atmosphere), polychlorinated biphenyls, domestic and industrial waste discharged from coasts (such as domestic sewage, wastes from food-processing, detergents, and run-off from agricultural areas, heavy metals, radioactive nuclides, inorganic chemicals and heated water) and waste dumped from vessels (usually containing highly toxic materials) into international waters. 3 Marine pollution has since a couple of years assumed global proportions as it has an impact on the health of oceans in all parts of the world, on all countries whether they are developed or developing and the problem is not caused by one country or some countries. In fact, all countries contribute to the problem in some way or the other. Even if the problems are restricted to a particular country or region, its implications are international in nature. Also, it can not be thoug
Introduction The book “Everything’s an Argument with Readings” was edited for the forth time by Keith Waters and published in December 2006. The authors of this rhetoric book are Andrea Lunsford, John Ruszkiewicz and Keith Walters. The main idea brought out to students in this book is that there must be an argument about everything. The arguments arise as a result of different ways of viewing things by different individuals. As the saying goes, “ones man’s meat is another man’s poison” so people have different views (Inness, 52). In evaluating an essay, a website or any other work, there are some things that must be considered. The author or authors and publisher of the work must be considered. We have to know whether the writer is qualified to do the writing in that field. We also look at the theme of the work and how evidence has been used in the source. It is also important to look at the relevance of the work to the study that has been conducted. In evaluating a work, we look at the timeliness and the credibility of the work (Inness, 68). This book is very useful to students as it helps them to know that their environment is full of arguments and thus they ought to make their own arguments. The aim of this discussion is to evaluate the essay, “Evictions at Sorority Raise Issue of Bias” by Sam Dillon (Lunsford, Ruszkiewicz and Walters 135). Discussion The essay “Evictions at Sorority Raise Issue of Bias” by Sam Dillon is written in a simple language and in the correct procedure that makes it a suitable source of information regarding the topic. The writer also uses evidence in his writing making the book a well-researched source of information. The writer also brings out both opposing and proposing points that make the argument progress. The essay is relevant to the topic and the purpose of the essay is br