ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Press reporting has increasingly led to misrepresentation of sexuality matters. Presentation of sexual matters to the public should be done with cautiousness to ensure reliability and appropriateness. The accuracy of the press reporting is based on a concise analysis of a previous sexuality study. An overview of the press article, ‘The Eyes Have It: Sex and Sexual Orientation Differences in Pupil Dilation Patterns’, unveils that the sexuality research paper provides detailed explanation about how different pupil dilation patterns result in different sexual orientations. This essay provides a comparison of the press article and a sexuality research report with a view of assessing the article’s presentation of sexuality information to the public. Comparison between the Press Report and the Research Paper The press report provides a brief summary about the sexuality research. The report highlights the key merits of the new method of testing sexual orientation. The press article report presents the reader with the key issues and findings of the research as per the research paper. The researchers’ comments about the sexuality research findings are accurately presented in the press report. This organization has enhanced the accuracy and authenticity of the press article. Rieger, Savin-Williams, and Kemp (2012) reveal that the primary purpose of the research was to determine an alternative measure to point out sexual orientation without invasiveness. This statement shows that the press report is based on facts that have been drawn from the research paper; hence, it is reliable. The press article provides an exact piece of sexuality information as evidenced in the corresponding research paper. However, it only emphasizes on a few areas of the research article. If a detailed analysis of the research article was conducted, more information about sexuality can be provided in the press report to improve the reader’s understanding of the new study. For instance, the press report neither provides the number of participants who undertook the research study nor the methods that were used to select the participants (Bryner, 2012). Although the press report provides sexuality details as per the research paper, it does not show how different factors and conditions affect the research results. The researchers have clearly elaborated these details in the research paper. For instance, the pupil is susceptible to dilation because of other external factors other than the intended arousing stimuli. However, the press report does not provide this piece of information (Rieger & Williams, 2012
By passing the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the US government essentially revolutionized anti-discrimination laws and related practices throughout the United States (Fox and Terri 108). As a result, being involved in any form of employment discrimination based on gender or race was declared illegal. This notwithstanding, cases of gender and racial discrimination are still rampant in the United States. Apparently gender and racial disparity as witnessed in employment has its origins in a questionable education system. Apparently, it is the responsibility of the US government to have the problem effectively addressed. In doing so, it may be necessary for the government to involve other stakeholders. Evidence exists to show that African Americans and other minority citizens are frequently subjected to serious discrimination when seeking employment. Apparently, this does not stop even after they get employed. They are compelled to take up low status jobs, receive meager salaries than their white counterparts, and experience sexual harassment from malicious white colleagues who never get punished. Although the US government has made attempts to address this problem, efforts are yet to bear fruit. This paper discusses the effect of gender and racial disparity on the employment rate among African Americans and concludes by making recommendations on how best to deal with the challenge. Effects of Gender on the Employment Rate of African Americans Ordinarily, most employers tend to give very convincing explanations for whatever actions they take regarding African American men or women employees (Clayton, Mincy, and Blankenhorn 133). Research, however, indicates that these explanations are given in a biased manner and are based on gender and race discrimination. While whites or male employees who are found guilty of any offense may easily be pardoned, the same can not be said about African American or female employees in similar situations (Madden 1). In the same way, white or male employees who possess certain qualifications may move quickly up the ranks unlike female employees with the same kind of qualifications. Many African American women have complained bitterly about being sidelined in employment as well as in the housing market. Whereas whites or male employees are able to access housing more easily, it is extremely difficult for African Americans or women in general. Although o
Introduction Elecdyne is a Japanese Electronic SME, which was founded in 1990. The company uses technology licensed from various multinationals to produce a range of electronic products including TV sets and CD/DVD/MP3 players. Initially, the company had five workers but now, it has about 100 employees. However, despite its growth, the company is struggling for its place in the Japanese electronics market. Therefore, as a way of expanding its sales, the company considers internationalizing its business. This report gives an outline what world market the company should enter (part 1), how it should attain such an aim (part 2), and the products it should produce (part 3) once it decides to do so. The report will use both the SWOT and PEST analyses in finding a country which Elecdyne should consider as its new market. However, as the company decides to internationalize its business, it must consider a number of factors before doing so. The most important factor that the company should take into account is cost minimization. Here, the company will determine whether its decision on internationalizing to a particular country will reduce its costs or not. The next factor that the company should consider is access to technology and technological expertise as this will help it to avoid relying on large multinationals. The company also needs to consider access to a new market as well as mind the size of the market at which it targets. In addition, Elecdyne should also consider economic and political risk factors because being a small company, it is not in a position to take high risks. Lastly, the company should also mind socio-cultural factors as they define what conflict is generated in the organization due to the differences between the Japanese culture and that of the host country. Besides the factors mentioned above, the strength and weaknesses of the SWOT analysis under internal one also give the factors involved in choosing a country to extend its market. Analysis of Framework This report uses a framework that encompasses both the SWOT and PEST analyses’ tools. The SWOT analysis outlines the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that Elecdyne has or is likely to face in its way to internationalization. The PEST analysis tool, on the other hand, evaluates the following factors, such as political/legal, economic, social-cultural and technological. The internationalization factors mentioned earlier in this report will be divided amongst these issues and assigned various weightings based on their significance and relevance to the needs of the Elecdyne Company. In order to decide which country the company should consider as a new market, the analysis will be combined with the opportunities and the threats of the SWOT analysis tool in this report. Therefore, within an internationalization factor, any research data that is better than that the one from the Japanese market will get from one to three plus (+) symbols and that is worse than the Japanese market’s one will be assigned from one to three minus (-) symbols. However, if the data is the same, it
Introduction “Companies that enjoy success have core value and a core purpose that remains fixed while their businesses strategies and practices endlessly adapt to a changing world.” (Collins & Porras, 1996, p. 65) That axiom is true for large corporations and for small and medium business enterprises as well. In this paper we will discuss about small businesses. Many of these small businesses have been building their online pages in order to get more promotion and attract people. This is a new sector of the business world that has been developing quite rapidly in the last decade. Many people tend to think of big business as the only successful form of business. In fact they forget that small and medium enterprises are the ones that provide consumers with the majority of services around the world. Their role is indispensable. Nevertheless, one should mention that it is true that they are more vulnerable to market shocks and financial difficulties. In this essay we will discuss about one such small business company which has been developing in the city of Boroondara. Vision and culture Hawthorn Aquatic and Leisure Centre is a small business that has been gradually developing during the past five to six years. It is a community recreation facility dedicated to the promoting of a healthy life style and behaviour. The Hawthorn Aquatic and Leisure Centre is a type of ‘social and communitarian business type’. It is owned by the City of Boroondara and the initial financing was provided by public funds (“About us”, par. 2). Its vision is to strengthen the values of community health behaviour, freedom, and social responsibility. These are the core values upon which they have based their business. As it is proclaimed at their website: “The Centre offers a wide range of sports and fitness opportunities for people of all ages and abilities. Memberships are available to suit all individual needs. By investing less than a couple of dollars a day, you can improve your overall health, fitness and happiness.” (“About us”, par. 3) The management team and staff have made the above statement their company culture. Respect for individual integrity and freedom, help people improve their health and through it their overall well being. Difficulties for Alliance There are some difficulties they currently face or will have to face in the future. The Centre has began operations being financed by public funds initially but they will ahve to maintain themselves by becoming self sufficient in funding. Here they may encounter one major problem. The major source of revenue and income for them are the membership fees. As a community based centre they tend to have low fees since for them serving people has priority over profit for the business. Hawthorn Aquatic and Leisure Centre is neither supported by any large corporation nor is part of a big business. Being part of a big business company ensures the necessary financial flow o
Gentrification is a process that involves the change of residence among the middle class to areas that were occupied by the working class (Causes of Gentrification n.d). These movements lead to dislocation of the low income residents together with their business enterprises. Sociologically, people live in a society which is socially stratified. The movement of middle class to new residences leads to the development of these areas. Historically, towns have developed through displacement of low class people by the middle class. For example, the developments of urban centers like Harappa and Mohenjo Daro in the Indus valley of Mesopotamia due to agricultural activities, revealed massive displacement of the low class from the Indus valley leaving it for the middle class who could afford to live by the living standards. Therefore, gentrification changes the social status of any given region economically, culturally, and politically. The mass movement of people can cause housing and health problems to the local inhabitant who could not afford to continue staying in these places. In addition, there is a notable change in the lifestyle of various individuals. This process of relocation has various factors that support its occurrence. These causes can also be referred to as forces. A case study of the city of Oakland revealed a change in the economy of the world after World War II led to job losses among the working class. The West Oaklanders depended on this as their source of livelihood. Therefore, this occurrence made them more vulnerable to displacement by the wealthy merchants. Moreover, West Oakland residents lacked investment in transit and schools; this made them marginalized and could not access employment. The residents highly relied on automobiles; therefore, their absence made it impossible for them to access commercial centers in the developed suburbs. This inequality in development was enhanced by the wealthy group who could own automobiles. West Oakland, therefore, became open for gentrification. This was due to massive developments in the well equipped regions that had low population density. The government policies at that time also favored developing such regions. Developments in these regions led to growth of industries thus occupying vast pieces of land, which were occupied by the middle class (Causes of Gentrification n.d). This step resulted to movement to regions like West Oakland that had the poor as the majority. West Oakland had problems with controlling their economy, which was unstable; they also had cheap real estate due to inequitable development programs by the government. As a result, gentrification became an inevitable factor. Neil Smith’s theory of production asserts this phenomenon; it relates money and production. The low rental houses in the outskirts of urban centers made merchants move from inner city to these areas after World War II. Simultaneously, capital movement to these new areas became inevitable. This scenario led to increase in land value in the suburban areas and consequent decrease in land value at the inner city. This analysis revealed a larger rent-gap. Smith argues that this differenc
www.journals.lww.com, it has been relatively easy. I first discovered this website while searching for scholarly literature in various aspects of nursing online. It offers online academic write-ups in nursing and related disciplines such as biomedical science, medicine, and medical microbiology. Such papers include peer-reviewed articles, books, conference papers, theses and dissertations, preprints, abstracts, technical reports, journals, and scholarly works of literature (Sabina et al., 2021). This website appeals to me because it is easy to manipulate; it has a user-friendly interface that is uncomplicated to navigate and find the needed research papers. This website offers many benefits to my nursing research. It provides enormous information by searching through the search icon at the top of the website. There are many articles in the research area and other related areas with just a keyword and provides diversified information. Social media is potent; during this pandemic, it has helped me in various ways. First, it has made it easy to locate those in need quickly. Due to an outbreak of COVID-19, different states enacted various restrictions across the world to curb the spread. These included cessation of movement, social distancing, lockdowns, and compulsory wearing of masks. People took to social media to express their opinions, such as unemployment and lack of face masks. We donated facemasks and sanitizers to the needy most of the time. Second, it improves food accessibility to locals. Various suppliers advertised their food online, and we could get them on time. Finally, it enhances coordination in the distribution of medicines and drugs to fight infections in high-risk areas. There is quick rounding of sites and medications provided on time. This saved the lives of many vulnerable patients who could have otherwise lost their lives. These vulnerable patients had underlying illnesses such as diabetes and cancer. Reference Sabina, S., Kimberley, L., & Beth, P. (2021). Emergency nursing job satisfaction: Challenges and solutions. Nursing Management (Springhouse), 52 (3), 14-24. Web.
Abstract Strategic management is a fundamental aspect of the organization. It involves many issues especially in the contemporary society of management. Corporate governance is a key issue in modern strategic management. It involves managing a company in the most efficient way to achieve the organization’s goals. It involves accountability for all stakeholders involved. The principles of stewardship and agency theory are indispensable in strategic management and corporate governance. When an organization applies these principles, it becomes easy to minimize risks, conflict, and achieve success for the company. When applied well, the principles of corporate governance reduce failures and companies are able to deal with the ever-looming financial crises. Introduction Strategic management is a crucial field in management that all upcoming organizations should embrace in a bid to remain useful. It involves the principal initiatives that managers must take on behalf of the shareholders to ensure effective utilization of resources in achieving the firm’s goals (Chris 400). Strategic management involves determining the organization’s vision, mission, and core values and developing policies designed to achieve the vision. Strategic management is a continuous process that provides direction to an organization. It involves environmental scanning, strategy formulation, implementation, and evaluation to determine the activities of competitors and develop a competitive advantage (Gill 455). There are many contemporary issues in strategic management that organizations practice. This paper describes the corporate governance as a key contemporary issue in strategic management. Literature review As aforementioned, corporate governance is modern issue in management and most organizations are embracing it in an effort to remain competitive. It refers to a set of rules, processes, and customs that affect the conduct and administration of corporations (Doscher, and Friedl 310). Corporate governance guides internal parties such as employees and shareholders as well as external parties such as creditors, competitors, and customers. The responsibility of corporate governance is on the
Introduction The Cuban Missile Crisis was a battle that arose between the United States, Cuba and Soviet Union in 1962. United States unsuccessful efforts to overthrow Cuban regime (Operation Mongoose) prompted Soviet to furtively erect bases in Cuba to provide medium and intermediate range of airborne nuclear artilleries to prove to the world its military supremacy. The artilleries had a capability of striking continental America. The installation of missiles in Cuba was a Soviet mission done privately to facilitate surprise attack to continental America (White, 1997, p.69). The US administration of the time believed that Moscow‘s activities in Cuba were a threat to International security, hence; the ballistic missiles deployed in Cuba enhanced a major security blow to the leadership of United States. To curb potential danger caused by the situation, John F. Kennedy effected strategies which proved useful in calming the situation Managing of Cuban Missile Crisis Managing the Cuban Missile Crisis was a complex issue by John F. Kennedy administration. Perhaps, the United States intelligence was convinced that Soviet would not succeed in installing nuclear missiles in Cuba. However, this was not the case; the Soviet had gone ahead and installed the missiles without prior knowledge of United States security intelligent. To mitigate the risk, the Kennedy administration discussed various options to reduce the likelihood of a full blown crisis. Mitigation measures adopted included; military, quarantine and diplomacy among other measures The John Kennedy administration embraced using military to designate Missile sites in Cuba by using military prowess. United States Military interventions were well developed thus the Kennedy administration found it easy to order posting to strategic sites on the Atlantic Ocean. Besides, the Army, marine, and navy had a tough program if they were not engaged; they were systematically ordered to the sea (White, 1997, p.79). Concentrated air monitoring in Atlantic was instigated, tracking more than 2,000 foreign ships in the area. The government was determined in case the Soviet Union launched nuclear assault; United States military was standby to answer. Beginning 20th October, 1962, The United States’ Strategic Air Comm
Introduction Listed companies are required to prepare accurate financial reports, which investors could use to assess their performance. However, the process is often undermined by the risk of material misstatement, which could arise from different quarters. One of them is a company’s external environment, which includes industry factors and the relationship between the company and its shareholders. The risk of material misstatement may also affect a company’s internal environment and company-specific factors. The potential for material misstatements in this space could arise from the temptation by some errant officers to manipulate financial records to achieve certain monetary targets. At the same time, the potential for this type of fraud occurring may arise from the incompetence of some accounting officers to comply with accounting standards. This report is a response to a preliminary investigation, which has detected instances of accounting anomalies in your organization. It covers relevant laws, accounting procedures, and consequences associated with failing to account for inventory write-downs. Such problems pose different ethical and financial implications on the business, as highlighted below. Financial and Ethical Repercussions of not Including Inventory Write-downs in the Financial Statements The initial evaluation of the company highlighted the failure to include inventory write-downs in the financial records. One implication of SAS on this issue is that it may change what may be considered a “fraudulent process.” This implication suffices because SAS rules are often updated. Therefore, what may be considered a breach of accounting rules today may not be so tomorrow (Petrucelli, 2013). However, since the write-down has been established as an omission on the company’s accounts, it has different implications. One of them is the possible overstatement of net income. In other words, the missing inventory write-down could lead to an exaggeration of the company’s net income (Wahlen, Baginski, & Bradshaw, 2017). Another financial implication is a reduction in the owner’s equity of the business. Ethically, the financial omission would have an impact on the business by eroding investor confidence. These outcomes could negatively affect the relationship between shareholders and the business. If such an outcome suffices, typically a civil fraud penalty could be imposed. Similarly, a negative internal revenue service (IRS) statement could significantly hamper the operations of the company. One way this could happen is through the imposition of a civil fraud penalty, which is equal to 75% of all the total tax owed by the business to the government (Petrucelli, 2013). In the current case where there has been an inventory write-down by 10% in the last three years, the IRS could impose the penalty highlighted above or institute criminal proceedings on the organization. It is essential to note that the latter action could lead to the imprisonment of the concerned offi