ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction There is a range of factors that impact the quality of services and products that are provided all over the world, and employee satisfaction can be listed among them as it often defines employees’ work-related performance. Employee satisfaction or work satisfaction and the ways to improve it present one of the most important concerns for company managers and human resources specialists from different countries. The methods, helping to increase job satisfaction levels are often seen as the best way to reduce the manifestation of withdrawal behavior among specialists on different organizational levels. Due to this hypothesis, it is possible to call the interconnection between employee satisfaction and various forms of job withdrawal the key research question in the field of human resources. Discussing the importance of the stated topic, it is pivotal to note that thorough research on the relationship between employee satisfaction and the key forms of withdrawal behavior would demonstrate practical significance. Studying the topic of job withdrawal in the context of employee satisfaction, it is possible to understand which measures can be taken by managers to improve employee satisfaction in different countries of the Middle East. The United Arab Emirates is ranked among the wealthiest countries in the world, and the country’s government has introduced a lot of decisions such as the establishment of the Ministry of Happiness that is aimed at improving people’s well-being. Despite that, Emirati firms still do not have a strategy that would allow increasing average employee satisfaction levels and, possibly, reducing withdrawal behaviors. The present work summarizes the most recent findings related to the impact of employee satisfaction on various forms of withdrawal and factors that impact employee satisfaction rates in the United Arab Emirates in order to make a positive contribution to the present state of knowledge and provide recommendations that Emirati employers can use. The given work focuses on the relationship between job satisfaction and the key forms of withdrawal behavior such as unjustified absences, lateness, and the intention to quit an organization. Apart from that, it touches upon the factors that impact the average employee satisfaction levels in the United Arab Emirates. The particular aspects of the topic were chosen because these forms of withdrawal have been studied by previous researchers. Job withdrawal can be defined as a set of reactions to workplace situations that contradict norms that are accepted by the management of a company or pose a threat to the company’s social image and reputation among clients. Job withdrawal is ranked among the most popular issues related to human resources, and it can take various forms that are different in terms of the extent to wh
Art history explores the history of art from prehistoric times to modern times. This discipline challenges ones creative side and motivate him or her to discover the aesthetic appeal of manmade forms. One of the historic masterpieces of world art is the sixteenth century portrait of Mona Lisa done by the talented Italian artist, Leonardo da Vinci. The half-length portrait, set on a canvas of Poplar Wood, shows a woman seated whose identity is believed to be Lisa del Giocondo, the wife of a Florentine businessman. The woman’s smile, often described as enigmatic, is the most intriguing aspect of the painting and it is also the subject of much speculation. Although it was not signed or dated, the novel qualities of the painting has made it to be recognized as the most famous and mystifying work of art of all time. It is believed that Leonardo started working on the portrait in 1503 or 1504 in Italy. Since it was its best painting, he went with it throughout his journeys, working and reworking it for almost four years and he kept it himself for some years after, finishing it just before he died in 1525 (Karlz, 2003). Years later, the King of France purchased it for 4,000 gold crowns, supposedly through the successors of Leonardo’s assistant Salai. It has received the world’s attention since then. Following the French Revolution, Mona Lisa was taken to the Louvre. Napoleon had it transferred to the palace for adorning his bedroom and when he was banished from France, the painting yet again returned to the care of the Louvre. Historians believe that it was transferred from the Louvre to undisclosed location somewhere in the country during the Franco-Prussian War (1870-71). Currently, the famous portrait is found in the Musée du Louvre in Paris, France. Leonardo employed a pyramid design technique to position the seated female figure simply and peacefully in the space of the painting in which her folded hands represent the front corner of the pyramid. The woman’s breast, neck, and face shine in the same light that shapes her hands, and Leonardo efficiently modified the pyramid design so as to create the visual impression of distance between Mona Lisa and the viewer. The painting shows the female figure clearly sitting upright with her hands folded; only her eyes are fixed on the viewer. This depicts her reserved posture. Because her dazzlingly lit face is basically framed with a variety of much darker elements, the viewer’s attraction to this mysterious woman is increased, but has to stay at a distance as if she were not an ordinary human being. Mona Lisa is shown seated in what seems to be an open loggia and an extensive landscape receding to icy mou
Executive Summary Business leaders, planners, and directors should take financial management seriously. This happens to be the case since the practice focuses on the best approaches towards organizing, monitoring, and allocating monetary resources in a given business organization. It is also agreeable that the availability of funds is something that is capable of dictating the success of every department, product, or project. This is the main reason why every organization requires adequate finances in an attempt to compete successfully in the changing global business environment. Since companies require adequate capital, it is appropriate for them to maintain consistent profits or returns in order to complete new projects and meet the changing demands of their respective investors, customers, or stakeholders. The decision to pursue competitive or appropriate business operations and financial practices can deliver such an objective. This initiative is usually reliant on the internal operations and structures of every corporation. The research paper presented below explains why proper financial management practices tend to influence the profitability of many organizations in a positive manner. The discussion goes further to argue that leaders and managers who focus on evidence-based accounting strategies will find it easier to make informed decisions, minimize potential business risks, tackle emerging challenges, empower their workers, and eventually remain competitive in their respective industries or sectors. The major recommendation presented in the discussion below is that organizational managers and financial experts should embrace appropriate financial procedures in order to drive performance, attract investors, become competitive, and improve their business models. Such firms will also continue to operate in accordance with the existing national or international laws and eventually achieve most of their departmental and organizational goals. Introduction The global business environment is changing rapidly due to different forces such as globalization, technological developments, and revolutionizing consumer needs. Companies that want to emerge successful in these unpredictable times must put in place appropriate measures and excellent internal processes. Business firms that want to achieve their potential should pursue or embrace proper financial management practices. Efficiency is something critical since it makes it easier for firms to maximize their profits and minimize volatility. The purpose of this research paper is to examine and discuss how evidence-based financial management practices impact organizational profitability and performance. Financial Management Practices Business managers should take financial management seriously since it revolves around the major decisions aimed at improving performance and sus
Abstract Social motivation is one of the major factors that influence the level of motivation among individuals in society. It is one of the intrinsic factors that motivate people to perform certain activities and achieve their goals. The literature review indicates that people derive motivation from diverse social interactions. Social interactions among people can alleviate or aggravate mental disorders because behavioral, biological, psychological, and social factors mediate social motivation. Social motivation theory holds that behavioral, biological, and evolutionary forces influence the level of motivation among individuals. In a learning environment, social motivation is central to learning among students. Specifically, the provision of feedback and autonomy support encourages learners and promotes their confidence. Social motivation also promotes identity, motivation, social standing, and a sense of belonging. The practical implications of social motivation are in the management of autism spectrum disorders, provision of feedback, and improvement of the learning process. Moreover, social motivation is important in creating an identity, improving social standing, and enhancing a sense of belonging. Given the significance of social motivation, future research should devise diverse models and theories to elucidate the mechanisms of social motivation, determine its roles in the motivation of employees who experience occupational stress, and establish how it influences individuals in various social contexts. Introduction Motivation is an integral force that drives people to perform certain actions or leave certain activities. It comprises pull and push forces that dictate certain behaviors among people. In essence, motivation determines behaviors that people exhibit and activities that they perform in society. Motivation varies according to the sources of drives that dictate the level of motivation. According to Deckers (2014), motivation can either emanate from intrinsic or extrinsic factors. Intrinsic motivation is a form of motivation where the drives emanate from within an individual. Examples of intrinsic drives are power, honor, acceptance, curiosity, wants, needs, desires, and social factors. Extrinsic motivation is a form of motivation where drives emanate from outside an individual. Awards, bonuses, presents, wages, and wealth are some of the extrinsic drives that determine motivation among individuals (Sheldon, 2010). In this case, social motivation is an intrinsic form of motivation because it drives stem from within an individual. Given that humans are social creatures, a considerable source of their motivation is their social environment. Social motivation determines human behavior because it influences the psychological and biological predisposition of individuals to a certain social environment (Chevallier, Kohls, Troiani, Brodkin, & Schultz, 2012). Fundamentally, social motivation determines how individuals interact as th
Introduction Between the 17th and 18th centuries, Europe entered a new era that led to the emergence of revolutionary concepts and philosophies. This period, famously known as Enlightenment, would trigger numerous changes that transformed the nature of the recorded social classes. While the emerging ideas succeeded in transforming society, the subsequent revolutions would create enabling environments for additional inequalities and challenges. This paper examines some of these issues using different societies and describes how globalization has helped empower more people at the international level. The Enlightenment, Revolutions, Globalization, and Social Inequalities The Age of Enlightenment was a period characterized by philosophical and intellectual movements that transformed the nature of life on the continent. Soon it would spread to other parts of the world to influence social relations, goals, and initiatives. Some of the emerging issues included the desire to pursue advanced concepts and ideas, such as toleration, separation of the state from religion, liberty, and progression (Reilly 2018). This development would set the stage for new revolutions in the fields of sociology and science. The concepts and issues associated with Enlightenment would culminate in the French revolution, a societal upheaval that would help redefine governance and personal freedom forever. One of the recurring themes from the Enlightenment and the subsequent revolutions was the idea of equality. Before the French Revolution, there existed sharp divisions in society that affected most of the people, thus making it impossible for them to achieve their goals. For instance, economic differences and stratification existed in most of the European nations. Such social statuses were formed and accepted immediately after birth (Reilly 2018). The people were divided into these three social classes: the clergy, the common people, and the nobility (Reilly 2018). The nobles had the primary role of ruling and dictating the affairs of the common. Some groups among the ruled had some specific privileges that could be achieved depending on their statuses in their respective societies. Some citizens among the commoners were required to bargain with the leaders to achieve certain privileges. In the European setting, social differences were promoted or existed in accordance with the region’s laws. The commoners were compelled to fight or liaise with those in the nobility class to ask for favors. A person’s birth was the key determinant of any individual’s economic and social position. The existed differences gained the support of traditionalists since they believed that such a social structure was capable of promoting soci
Non-Consequential Theories of Morality Kant’s ethics and comprehension of moral is fully opposed to consequentialism. In particular, it repudiates the idea that the nature of moral order results in sentiment and emotion. On the contrary, his vision of morality consists in purity and absolutism of human actions where the main underpinning of morality is reason (Waluchow, 2003, p. 173). In addition, the philosopher objects to consequences as identifiers of morality. So, the moral order and the rightness of action are predetermined by absolute principles. However, the presented theory has certain misconceptions and contradictions, particularly when opposing it to ethics of virtues. Certainly, there are certain moral absolutes that must be observed, such as religion, faith, and cardinal virtues established in society. However, due to the fact that morality is considered to be a social product, such concepts as tradition, faith, and truth can be regarded as relative (Finnis, 1991, p 3). Due to the fact that sometime moral judgments are predetermined by ethical subjectivism, morality can involves emotional charge. In particular, moral relativism rejects the idea that all actions are purely right or wrong. Ethics of Medical Confidentiality According to Giesen (1988), “… the medical duty of secrecy corresponds with the patient’s right to see his human dignity and privacy respected by all others” (p. 406) On the one hand, the necessity to keep information in secret is aimed at protecting patients’ rights to privacy for the sake of their health. However, there are cases when the only way for saving patient’s life is to reveal the medical information to other people. However, the medical confidentiality is not welcomed when dealing with legal issue. There should be a specific law that avoids confidentiality in court because it can be decisive in accusing a criminal. In such cases, it is necessary to ask for patient’s consent to reveal the private data in order to minimize the infringement of ethical codes (McHale, 1993, p. 98). Medical confidentiality is also based on ethical reasoning and presupposes that doctor is prohibited to unveil the information until permitted by a patient. Relying on consequentialist moral theory, in case information discovery is morally justified by its good consequences than, this action can be approved. However, deontology radically objects to this action. Reference List Finnis, J. (1991). Moral absolutes: tradition, revision, and truth . US: CUA Press, 1991. Giesen, D. (1988). International medical malpractice law: a comparative law study of civil liability arising from medical care. US: BRILL. McHale, J. V. (1993). Medical Confidentiality and Legal Privilege . NJ: Routledge. Waluchow, W. J. (2003). The D
The whole topic of abortion is a very complex issue that has continued to attract a lot of attention in today’s modern society. This can be explained from both perspectives where there are certain people who are opposed to abortion while there are others who are pro-abortion. As a matter of fact, different societies have their own approach to the whole issue of abortion (McMahan 12). This is because abortion relates to life and that is why different stakeholders have been dragged in this issue. In this case, we are supposed to evaluate and look at abortion critically for long term sustainability in our society. This paper will therefore try to analyze the whole aspect of pro-abortion. In this case, there are people who are pro-abortion and they should be understood because they are right in their own making and understanding. As a matter of fact, abortion is prolife in a broad way and people should not demonize others because they are pr
Summary The study shows that Chinese mothers regarded a social theme to be a cause of their children’s negative emotions while U.S. mothers were focused on a personal theme. Unlike U.S. mothers, Chinese ones centered more on social interactions in relation to negative events as opposed to the U.S. mothers, whose focus was on autonomous preferences and opinions of their children. According to the study, mother to child conversations among Euro-American families were more elaborate, more autonomous and more evaluative and had more personal themes as compared to the relationships in Chinese families. Mother to child conversations in the latter families was described as more repetitive and having a greater emphasis on social themes and interaction as compared to those among U.S. families. Euro-American mothers used conversational turns to make the conversation interactive while the Chinese women used repetition. The children in the study adopted the cultural systems of their families because European and American children were as autonomous and elaborate as their mothers were, while the Chinese children were as social as their mothers were. Euro-American children gave more information about the emotional causes of their experiences. The Chinese children, on the contrary, indicated attributions for emotional experiences to themselves. Chinese mothers unlike Euro-American mothers provided an emotional resolution to their children. Therapeutic implications The emphasis on personal themes and autonomy can be associated with beliefs of individualism among Americans and Europeans that place the child in an autobiographical form of culture. Euro-American children are thus more interested in their own identity and not the outer society. This gives rise to capitalism and egoism because individuals focus on their own statuses and achievements. This makes Euro-Americans less social as compared to their counterparts from Asia. The Chinese emphasis is put on social themes that lead to bringing up individuals who hold great respect for society. In Chinese families, one does not place one’s interests before the others. Instead, they should always think about the rest members of the family before embarking on any activity. As a result, greater harmony is achieved among the Chinese because there is a need to examine one’s self in the context of the others. The different approaches taken by the different cultures in the study indicate that Euro-American children learn to do things and solve problems independently. A Euro-American child is able to address the causes of their negative emotional experiences in the attainment of regulation since they understand where their negative events are resulting from. On the other hand, Chinese children do not deal with the actual causes of their negative emotional experiences. Chinese children continue suffering discreetly because the way the
Among the key strengths of the current company , the following advantages can be considered:                                                                                                                                                        * Strong guarantees for the customers. Since there is a $5.00 payout, which is given to the customer as soon as the guarantee becomes valid, it can be considered that the clients will be attracted by the new company feature; Strengths        * The existence of the awareness phase and the action phase, which meant that the customers’ requests are taken into account and the services are improved according to the clients’ demands;                                                     * Trustworthy money transfer system: according to the existing system, the payouts are credited to the client’s account immediately;                                                                                                              * Attempting at entering the world market. According to the research, the Gold Service Guarantee Program was created in order to establish the bank as a valid and competitive organization in the existing market.                             Unfortunately, there are yet several weaknesses which need to be taken into account when offering a strategy for the further course of actions:                                                                                    Weaknesses       * The uncertainty concerning the bank’s capacity to provide the offered services executed on the required level;                                                                                                                                  * The fact that in case of an accident, the bank will not be able to rely on the reports to find out who is to blame for an operation which has gone wrong.                                                                                     The above-mentioned strength in the current situation create a number of opportunities for the company to use in the nearest future:                                                                                               Opportunities    * A new program has been developed to represent the company’s interests and attract more customers. Called a Gold Service Guarantee Program, it was offered to put the bank in the leading position in the market;                                * Establishment of the Gold Service Telephone Line to take notes of the customers’ feedback and improve the existing services;                                                                                                                    * With the help of the extra services for the clients, the company can possibly become more competitive and even outrun its key competitors.                                                                                                    However, it is necessary to admit that the current situation also presupposes that the company should fight numerous obstacles and face several threats to be avoided:                                                             Threats          * According to the case study, there are