ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The major issue that Wood faces in the discussed case is the need to speed up the process of goods delivery to customer, because the current lead time that it takes to provide the customer with the goods after the order is placed is too long. To identify the elements of the order processing path that consume excessive time and thus to cut time required for completing tasks associated with those elements, it is necessary to design a PERT chart first (Langford, 2006, p. 215). Fig. 1: PERT Chart Thus, Figure 1 reveals that the critical path, i. e. the way to deliver the goods to customers that takes the largest amount of time, includes tasks A, D, G, J, and L, and amounts to 8 days in total (highlighted in red in PERT Chart). At the same time, the two remaining ways tale the least amount of time, i. e. each way requires 6.45 days to be completed. Drawing from this, to reduce the time of goods delivery it is necessary to first of all consider the chances for reducing the time required for the most time-consuming tasks. In particular, Wood should examine tasks L, J, and G before others. These tasks require the largest amounts of time in the delivery process, and reduction of this time can considerably change the total time involved in the process. Another reason to consider namely those three tasks is that they cannot be commenced until all other tasks are completed, and the company should have enough time to make them more time-effective, while other tasks are in progress. At the same time, the idea of technological advance that can reduce the time required for task H from 0.75 day to 0.03 day is worth considering. The implementation of the “Star Wars – Robotic” order picker is a rather interesting idea for Wood, as it will allow reducing the time required for one of the least time-consuming delivery ways and making it 5.73 days instead of 6.45 days. Further on, if Wood has an alternative of either increasing expenses for faster transportation or for other improvements, the former point should be considered as the better for the company. Task L, i. e. transportation, is the most-time consuming task in the process (3.5 days), and reduction of this time, if the cost of such a reduction is not in question, will improve the delivery process considerably. If at least 1 day reduction is achieved, the least time-consuming way will require only 4.73 days, which is almost twice as little as the critical path of goods delivery requires (Johnson et al., 2007, p. 196). Accordingly, Wood might want to compensate the additional transportation costs by reducing costs and increasing time consumption in other tasks. The most fitting alternatives for such reduction are tasks E, A, and C, as they currently require the least time among all tasks. The increase of their processing time distributed equally among the activities is unlikely to seriously affect the total delivery time, while the costs saved on these tasks might help reduce transportation time. So, it is obvious that the current delivery process adopted in Wood’s requires too much time to be completed, but there are logisti
Martin Luther King, Jr. was a human right activist who advocated for the rights of the Negroes in 1950s and 1960s. From a Birmingham jail, he wrote a letter in response to criticisms from his fellow clergymen. In the letter, he underscored several issues raised by his critics. He observed that the Whites had continually segregated and oppressed the Negroes despite the fact that, the latter had tried to emancipate themselves from the demeaning chains of racial prejudice and segregation that clouded the society. As a human right activist and a Christian leader, Luther dedicated his life in championing for the rights of the Negroes coupled with creating a just society that upheld human dignity. Although he acted legally and morally in his quest for equality and liberation, Luther became weary of the incessant postponement of negotiations between the Whites and the Negroes. Ultimately, Luther asserted that, since it was wrong to employ immoral means to achieve moral ends, it was equally wrong to employ moral means to preserve immoral ends of segregation and racial prejudices. Therefore, he decided to protest; an act that sent him to jail. His protests were in line with the first amendment to the United States constitution that gave the right to assembly and protest, because he held the demonstrations without a permit to protest. In jail, Luther received a considerable deal of criticism from his fellow clergymen who argued that his demonstrations were unwise and untimely, for he did not allow ample time for commencement of negotiations. In response to their criticism, Luther said that he was in jail because of injustice against the Negroes, both in Atlanta and Birmingham. He noted that injustice anywhere threatened delivery of justice everywhere. Despite the fact that the Negro leaders sought constructive negotiations with the White leaders, the agreements did not last. The Negro’s woes continued unabated, which prompte
Introduction Health is one of the major concerns of people all over the world. Individuals and governments dedicate a significant portion of resources to preventing and fighting diseases that threaten to mitigate the health and well being of a person. What if there was a way to increase the chances of achieving positive health outcome while at the same time enjoying yourself? Such a proposition is appealing to many people who wish to enjoy good health without dedicating too much time or financial resources to the project. Some of the solutions for achieving good health include sticking to diets designed to optimize health or consuming exotic products that are said to have health benefits. These solutions require a lot of effort from the individual and they may be expensive. Luckily, there is an option that promises to deliver health benefits to a person at a minimal cost and without any special effort. This solution is tea. Humans have known about the health effects of tea for thousands of years. Yongping and Fenwick reveal that as early as 3000BC, the Chinese were using tea as a medicinal drink (193). It is well established that tea contains some chemicals that give it medicinal values. The drink has an attractive aroma and a good taste making it popular all over the world. From personal experience with family and friends, I understand that regular consumption of tea can play a curative and preventative health role. Recently, many cafes and tea shops all over the country have started promoting tea as a beverage with medicinal value. However, most of the claims made by the tea promoters are unsubstantiated by research and often false. For example, there are instances where tea is promoted as a weight loss product or an alternative to conventional medicine. As a tea enthusiast, I am aware of the various health benefits and limitations of tea consumption. This is therefore an appropriate research topic for my paper because it I have a personal interest in the beverage and it is popular all over the world. In addition to this, there is an abundance of information on the topic making it easy to determine the truth of the health effects of tea. Personal Significance I have a strong interest in the topic because there is a history of cardiovascular diseases in my family. Naturally, I would like to look for ways to prevent these life threatening diseases from afflicting me or the people that I love. I am motivated to discover solutions that are not only low cost but can be easily integrated into the daily life of an individual. My research will help me better understand the effects that consumption of tea has in mitigating the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. There are many different types of tea available in the market today. Yongping and Fenwick reveal that ther
Introduction This essay presents a report of a project dedicated to the assessment of the learning needs of a group of nurses in an intensive care unit (ICU). It will offer a definition and explanation of learning needs assessment, describe the target group and predictions for the project and detail the methods used during it. After that, the results of the project will be presented, analysed and used to propose recommendations in the form of an educational program plan. Additionally, the implications of the project and associated problems will be considered and a conclusion will be made. The project demonstrates the importance of educational needs assessments and provides sufficient data for the development of an educational program for the studied ICU. Background Education Needs Assessment: An Explanation and a Rationale Education, learning and training needs assessment (ENA) can be defined as the procedure which aims to determine the areas of study that a particular group should focus on (Aw & Drury,2016,p219; Gaspard & Yang,2016,p1-2). Additionally, the ENA can consider other elements of the educational experience, for instance, the preferred teaching methods and approaches of the target group (Abyad & Banday,2016,p8-9; Fox et al.,2015,p73). ENA is typically carried out for the development of tailored educational programs (Goudreau et al.,2015,p5; Kilic et al.,2014,p3). To ensure their success, they should take into account the specific knowledge gaps and various forms of educational preferences of the targeted groups (Abyad & Banday,2016,p3; Gaspard & Yang,2016,p1-2). In other words, to make a program learner-centred, which is a requirement for the modern approach to teaching (Waltz, Jenkins, & Han, 2014,p392), ENA is necessary. Thus, the present project focused on establishing the needs of the target group before proceeding with the development of an educational program. Target Group The target group consists of the nurses of the ICU of the King Fahad Hospital (KFH) in Almadinah, Saudi Arabia. The reason for choosing this target group is the affiliation of the researcher: since the researcher is a nurse who works in the ICU of KFH, the analysis of the educational needs of the nurses of this establishment is required. Additionally, the target group defined the topics that were presented to the participants as potential options for consideration and the knowledge of the specifi
Sajjad Karim’s Position Sajjad Karim has been in the European Parliament (EP) since 2004 and is a representative of the United Kingdom. He supported the perspective of the UK Conservative Party and was appointed as the Legal Affairs Spokesperson for the Conservative Group in the EP in 2009 (and reappointed in 2014) ( About Sajjad 2019). Sajjad is a full member of the Legal Affairs Committee and is a substitute member of the Civil Liberties, Justice, and Home Affairs Committee, as well as the Industry, Research, and Energy Committee. In 2011, he became the EP rapporteur on a report that was concerned with the reduction of the legislative burden. In 2013, he worked on the empowerment of member-state legislature, giving them more power to resist unhelpful regulations or challenge inappropriate laws. Sajjad Karim firmly believes that SMEs are the backbone of the European economy, so such companies should be supported by the European Parliament ( Q&A with Sajjad Karim 2019). The member of the EP also advocates for free trade deals that can ensure the improvement of the trade relationship between the European Union and other countries such as the USA or China. Trade policies can be regarded as one of the pillars of the European Union as these regulations ensure the sustainable development of trade relationships between business and between member-states. The implementation of numerous trade policies led to the harmonization of technical standards associated with quality, packaging, and labeling in the internal EU trade. These policies boosted the growth of national economies as offered products and services became more competitive due to the improved quality of the
In the movie, God Grew Tired of us the main story revolves around a group of lost boys who were on a journey from their country Sudan which was belabored with war to the United States through the rather peaceful neighbor Kenya. The movie highlights a few cultural values and differences between the Sudanese culture and other cultures. Cultural Difference between the Sudanese and the American people One of these differences is on how roles are divided or shared in the Sudanese culture. This culture has a well-defined duty allocation system for both girls and boys which are all defined according to tradition. For example when the boys are at one refugee camp, Kakuma, they do not want to cook as they believe that this activity should only be done by women. This argument is based on what culture and tradition have taught the boys. This is a major contrast to the American culture where such activities are not allocated along gender lines. It is common to see a man in the American culture cooking just as it is common to see a woman in the army doing a role the Sudanese consider to be only for men. The cultural difference between the two communities is also seen when the boys arrive in the United States. They seem fascinated by the difference in lifestyle between the American people and their people. The difference in the types of food eaten in the United States and the different modes of dressing also come out as cultural differences between the two societies. Some of the things considered a necessity in the American culture such as clothes are a luxury in Sudanese society. The boys feel that the American culture is not all that good as some people may think of it. These boys were critical of the lack of concern that Americans seem to have for their neighbors. This is very different from what the boys see at home where everyone is concerned about how their neighbor is doing. Culture is infectious and this can be seen in the fact that after three years in the United States the boys have adopted the American culture. This can be seen in their dressing, the piercings they have, their cars, and also in that they the boys have plaited their hair. All these are activities found in the American culture and not in the Sudanese culture. Cultural inclusion and exclusion The concept of cultural exclusion can be seen in this movie where the boys feel left out from the American culture. The concept involves a person being excluded from activities being done by the rest of the society. (Wilson, 2000) However cultural inclusion takes over when these boys adopt the American lifestyle. Cultural inclusion is when a person becomes involved in the activities of the rest of the society as these boys did by piercing their ears and plaiting their hair.
Doubt is the key to knowledge, which is a Persian proverb, has its own meaning and connotation. From an individual viewpoint, doubt materializes as the state of observance amid skepticism and certainty. Often, doubt permits any apparent notion to be questioned. It invokes one to instigate an inquiry besides compelling given truths to be reviewed. These allow for improved reconsiderations, thus advancing expansions of knowledge. The process continues till individuals establish grounds that they are contented with. This paper seeks to discuss the degree at which doubt has been exhibited to be the key to knowledge. It concerns two vital knowledge areas namely history and natural sciences. Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines science as a knowledge system that covers the operations of either the general laws or general truths as acquired and confirmed via the scientific techniques and oriented to the experimental physical world phenomena. Via the historical course, science is perceived as a substantiated and confirmed way to gain knowledge by way of conducting experiments. The scientific community regards this as a decisive means of deriving facts from the unknown, thus establishing actualities. In fact, scientists strongly disapprove and doubt the ensuing ideas till sufficient evidence that supports them is provided. Should we therefore conclude that knowledge in science is provisional and consents to falsification? Certainly, any theory having adequate logics stands a chance of falsifying the standing knowledge that was hitherto held. Hence, I sincerely trust that science is actually provisional through doubt. Science primarily evolves by virtue of the abstract or perhaps the contingent unsolved postulates that scientists endeavor to establish and define their connotations. Such hypotheses are experimented by means of scientific techniques and every constructive deduction that is drawn will thereafter be established as a theory. Basically, any theory that is apprehended as scientific knowledge tends to remain in that status till they become doubtful and questioned. This occurs when new explorations and experiments is such areas opposes the questionable theory. Scientific history ascertains that knowledge descends from identical courses. Early Mesopotamian studies showed that Earth was a domed flat disk. It was till Magellan Ferdinand had a confirmation that the globe was sphere-shaped in the fifteenth century subsequen
What unique strengths does IKEA possess against other furniture/home furnishing retailers? What weaknesses does it have in contrast? Who are the primary target customers of IKEA? IKEA was founded in 1943 by Ingvar Kamprad. As the company grew, Invar Kamprad found ways to explain his unique way of doing business, always using simple language and metaphors. He has persistently insisted that the company is committed to providing a variety of home furnishings that are well designed low priced such that the majority of people can afford them. After establishing itself in Sweden, the company has managed over the last couple of decades in doing what no furniture distributor has ever tried: becoming a global player in a field that was initially considered by nature to be local. This has been necessitated by the factor that IKEA possesses distinct strengths against other furniture or home furnishings companies. As evident from its mission, one of the unique traits that make IKEA distinct from the rest of the companies in the industry is the pricing of its products. The prices are so low that the majority of people can buy them. Its products are targeted to young buyers yearning for style at a low cost. However, this does not imply that quality is compromised. The company balances customer’s requirements and producer’s needs, hence, ensuring that the products are sold at prices that are 30 to 50 percent below traditional distributors. This is the basis by which the ‘IKEA Way’ is grounded. Another strength that makes IKEA unique is a balanced focus on product range, sourcing, vertical integration, mass marketing, cost leadership, and a distinctive image. Therefore, the company is not market-driven. Instead, it tends to react rather slowly to new consumer trends, studying them to see how they can be fitted into its operating systems and what value IKEA can add within its proven framework before adopting them into the company’s range. IKEA has also established a longstanding competitive advantage in the field of strategic outsourcing. It has developed durable partnerships with furniture producers and other suppliers based on the furniture producer’s capacity to provide long runs of parts and their willingness to comply with IKEA’s quality standards. Through such partnerships, the company has integrated production into its value-added chain without the heavy investments of operating its own furniture plants. The management style of IKEA is also another strength that distinguishes it from other companies. It is described by the non-Swedish member as informal, open, and caring. There is no emphasis on hierarchy. In any ordinary store, IKEA has only three levels of responsibility between ranging from the store manager to the co-workers (as the employees are usually called). In addition, IKEA does not rely on extensive training programs and detailed rules and procedures to propagate its unique culture; instead, it prefers a softer approach through discussion and explanation where mistakes are considered a common way of ‘learning by doing.’ Despite its strengths, IKEA has its weaknesses too. The company’s markets are greatly concentrated in Europe
The assessment of personal HR skills with the help of the CPD framework is crucial for an expert willing to master new skills and excel in one’s professional development. The results of the assessment have shown that the areas of expertise that require improvement include communication, conflict management, and employee engagement. The described issues need to be addressed by training communication- and leadership-related skills. Problem-solving and talent management, in turn, seem to be the key strengths that I will need to use more actively. Personal Development Plan #            Description                                                               Timeline                               Objective 1    * Developing skills for communicating corporate philosophy;             November-December 2019 (1 month)                      * Building the relevant set of values                                                                          Objective 2    * Applying to apply conflict management strategies effectively;         November 2019-January 2020 (2 months)                 * Addressing unique needs of staff members                                                                     Objective 3    * Communicating organizational vision and values;                       November 2019- January 2019 (2 months)                * Developing empathy and emotional intelligence in employee relations.                                          Table 1. PDP Goals. Justification As the professional development map indicates, several aspects of HR management are quite well-developed, the ability to embrace the vast variety of factors affecting staff’s performance being the key one. Therefore, the identified competencies also need to be improved and enhanced to make them the major strengths allowing one to build a team of efficient and highly skilled employees. With the focus on talent management and the consistent dialogue with team members, one will attain impressive success as a project and HR manager.