ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Purpose The aim of this project is to give a guideline on network troubleshooting. The project attempts to illustrate how the guide will help the PC support team comprehend the basics and eliminate the work load for the network administrator, save time and money for remote campuses. In essence, the PC support technician will be able to solve several network issues with no assistance, and acts as a network technician in case the network technician is not available. Context of the situation Network troubleshooting normally occurs in learning environments. Skilled labor is hard to come by in a remote campus. The campus has just installed a new PC in the office. Everything seems fine till the next day. No teacher can send any mail and one of the fellows decide it is time to rebuild the mail server. However, the support technician realizes that the only change since yesterday is the new PC. When technician disconnects the PC from the network system, the trouble disappears. The new PC reveals a broken wire, which caused the problem affecting the mail server. Once the support technician replaces the cable, everything returns to normalcy. The trouble of having to rebuild a fine mail serve is no longer an issue. The point is network troubleshooting is not always easy to recognize and fix. More often than not, it is always difficult to know what has changed or even who has changed it. This is a case of nobody admits anything principle common in the field of IT. Sometimes the system just breaks without any human interference. The challenge is network ties everything together, and any element might be a source of trouble. The support technician should simply figure out what the trouble is, or its source is but most importantly must not blame the network. The rule is the support technician should just know a little bit about everything in order to start troubleshooting a problem, and then adapt and learn as possible in order to solve a given problem in the network systems. The current focus and justification of the study Not much of AR studies have focused on teaching and network troubleshooting in a learning environment. As teaching and instruction integrate IT systems, the teacher or the network support technician needs to learn troubleshooting in the network systems in order to handle not so complex network troubleshooting cases. The cyclic nature of AR will enable the support technician to master networking knowledge through redoing one task over and over. This knowledge will be useful in remote campus where getting skilled labor is difficult (Sleeter & Cornbleth, 2011). Literature review The initial stage in a network problem diagnosis is to collect information. Collecting information entails getting if from the users as per the nature of the problem they are experiencing and collecting data from the network. The success of resolving a problem depends on efficiency in collecting data, and the quality of data the technician collects. Therefore, network troubleshooting starts with the
Thesis Statement: Has the study of the book “Omnivores Dilemma” Impacted on the way people eat? Grass: Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Pasture This section stipulates that the grass farmer utilizes some of the oldest farming practices. It adds that the grass farmer should not just be treated as a traditional farmer but he should also be regarded as the one who has taken all the knowledge that people have acquired over the years and used it in a completely revolutionary manner. The grass farmer grows different species of crops and rears different breeds of animals then allows them to work together so that they can flourish. The grass absorbs sunlight and converts it into energy. Cows on the other hand graze on the grass and in turn fertilize it. Chickens then utilize the bugs that they get from the fertilized soil and thus eliminate pests. This study is important in that it helps people to understand how farmers utilize the different methods of crop production to produce crops and rear breeds that are of high quality (Pollan 54). This study is significant in that it has notified different farmers on how they should allow fertilization to take place naturally in order to ensure that their soil remains productive and free from pests. It is true therefore that traditional farming and rearing mechanisms are efficient in terms of maintaining the productivity of the soil. It is also important for farmers to put into consideration the issue of successful grass farming. For grass farming to be effective, a farmer should ensure that he rears different breeds of livestock to graze in the field which then put natural manure to the field. Farmers should try as much as possible to refrain from applying man-made manure into the field as this would have the long run effect of destroying the fertility of the soil (Pollan 55). The Animals: Practicing Complexity This section describes the manner in which raising of cows, chickens, Larvae, grass, and bacteria play an important role in preventing the need for fertilizers, wormers, and antibiotics. This section is significant in that it demonstrates that all animals depend on each other to achieve specified goals which are specified by farmers. For example, chickens act as the cleaning crew, while the pigs are used to spread manure in the field. This is a complex system and in order for people to catch up with it, they invented the wheel whose goal is to simplify the complex process that is used by chickens and pigs (Pollan 57). Slaughter: In a Glass Abattoir This section reflects on the Omnivores dilemma. It argues that if people do not have the ability to feed the animals that they have, then they should refrain from eating them. The secti
Background Canadian Universal Health Care (UHC) is not the most problematic one in the world. This fact is supported by recent international surveys, which prove that healthcare systems are handled with varying degrees of success in different countries (Osborn, Squires, Doty, Sarnak, & Schneider, 2016). However, many of UHC’s issues have become prominent enough to be researched. One of the most common concerns of UHC is the waiting times (WTs). In this paper, the WTs of Canadian UHC will be investigated from the perspective of economic concepts and theories to determine potential solutions to this issue; it is hypothesized that tailored efficiency interventions should help to reduce WTs. Problem The problem of WT in UHC is multifaceted and nuanced. To prove that it exists, the Canadian Institute for Health Information [CIHI] (2018) demonstrates that depending on the procedure, up to 31% of patients receive relevant care during a period that is longer than the established benchmark (in 2018). Importantly, this number has been growing; for example, in 2014, only 18% of hip replacement patients did not receive their procedure in time, but in 2018, the number went up to 25%. On the other hand, WTs are becoming shorter for hip fracture repair (HFR), bypass surgery, breast, and colorectal cancer surgery, and they are very short for radiation therapy. In general, WTs are more likely to increase for non-emergency cases (Moscelli, Siciliani, & Tonei, 2016). However, greater WTs are more likely to affect people with lower economic status and minorities (Hajizadeh, 2018; Martin et al., 2018; Socías et al., 2016). Importantly, WTs are not just inconvenient; they can be dangerous. Depending on a condition, increased WT can result in complications and readmissions, which imply worse health outcomes and increased costs (Moscelli et al., 2016; Pincus et al., 2018). As a worst-case scenario, WT can be connected to increased mortality (Bohm, Loucks, Wittmeier, Lix, & Oppenheimer, 2015; Moscelli et al., 2016). Also, the inconvenience of WT can be a cause for stress and anxiety, which are dangerous for one’s well-being (Tran et al., 2015). In the end, the goal of healthcare systems is to provide timely care (Allin, Veillard, Wang, & Grignon, 2015). Thus, time is an important factor in Canadian UHC, and WTs are a serious problem. Hypothesis An overview of relevant sources suggests that a common solution to reducing WT is improved efficiency, which is tied to resource scarcity. Here, it will be hypothesized that by identifying inefficiencies, WTs can be decreased. This process will involve equity-efficiency trade-offs and working with allocative efficiency. This way, scarce resources will be allocated in the most efficient ways, and WT in critical areas will be decreased. Analysis Theoretical Framework: Economic Models and Concepts The presented paper uses a literature review and synthesis as a basis
Information technology has contributed much to the modern appearance of the world. This is because, many people from diverse areas can effectively communicate instantly with the use of advanced information technology. Information technology constitutes various areas such as computer hardware, information systems, programming languages and computer software. Computer software differs from the hardware components of a computer because it cannot be touched. In a firm which deals with computer hardware there are more people on software programming than those in hardware design. Smaller hardware necessitates the introduction of more software applications that are required to help connect the components of the hardware. Software was initially linked to the hardware by the Original Equipment Manufacturers. This was to enable customers to buy the smallest computer in the market, and have the Original Equipment Manufacturers’ engineers install the required software. Computer software is a set of computer programs that instructs the computer on what to do and how to do it. It uses various programming languages to come up with these instructions. These instructions are in a form of a code that automates some hardware activities. By using these codes, one is able to perform several operations and reach so many people within a short period of time. These codes are executed when a user inputs something into the computer, and the result is thereof obtained (Hally, 2005). Computer software has gained wide application from the rapidly changing technology. It has many areas and sectors using it. For instance, in the business sector, it has contributed so much. It has increased business profitability by reducing costs through the use of software in processing data, invoicing and payroll. Also it is profitable in that, it has improved distribution through online stores and thus creating new market opportunities. By the use of software spreadsheet, employees are able to concentrate on value added tasks rather than the routine tasks (Blais, 2011). Computer software has hence gained popularity in the business sector. Computer software has also contributed to effective learning as various people who are not able to travel to certain regions can access lessons that are offered online. Also, students from diverse areas are able to communicate effectively with each other, thus sharing ideas and helping each other in project development. This is achieved through configuration of computers in a certain geographical area so as to share resources like databases and programs. Trainers can also offer training programs online and hence reach so many trainees without necessarily moving to where they are. This has greatly reduced costs such transport and accommodation costs. Business men are able to reach so many customers in diverse locations. They can advertise their products and also collect views from customers concerning their
Around 1730, Benjamin Franklin listed thirteen virtues which he said gave a meaningful direction for a fulfilled life. These virtues included tranquility, humility, chastity, cleanliness, moderation, justice, sincerity, industry, frugality, resolution, order, silence and temperance. Benjamin Franklin further divided these virtues into those that dealt with personal behavior and those that dealt with traits related to social character. Chastity as a social trait implied in Benjamin’s viewpoint that indulgence in or pursuit of sexual activity should aim at getting offspring and for health. In his viewpoint sexual activity should not bring about any weakness or dullness or disturb other’s reputation and peace. Society today does not attach much value to chastity as a virtue in the present times since it has now become difficult to associate chastity with the current practices of mankind except that it may sometimes relate to certain relationships with religious beliefs. In the sexualized society of today, people perceive the promotion of chastity as old fashioned and a formal kind of impractical practice. Promoting chastity and adopting it as a way of life does not gel with people’s values systems now, who think of it as quite a traditional way of life and consequently few people follow such advice. Society can improve virtue in regard to chastity by looking at it from a different view point. People should refrain from viewing sexuality as the frequency with which a man has sex or the number of women with whom he sleeps, and should focus on a man’s sexuality in relationships that prove to be meaningful in life. There is no reason to believe that sex in the present context has linkages and associations with something sacred; people must look at it with an attitude of having a special experience. By making it special, it implies that people should place certain boundaries around sex in order to make it a cherished activity, and not what one can go and purchase for pleasure. Although the extents of such boundaries do vary from person to person, stronger reasons warrant the prevention of sex beyond a certain limit. Society needs to place more value on virtue in encouraging chastity in the present-day context to enable people to understand the advantages and meaning behind what Benjamin Franklin intended to advise. Most people understand that casual sex does not prepare one for sex in an authentic and real relationship. A healthy sexual relationship essentially requires effective communication and the willingness to sacrifice one’s pleasure for the cause of the partner. On the other hand, casual sex entails no real communication between partners and becomes merely an act to satisfy each other’s sexual urge and the real pleasure of sex remains absent. If people save their sexual activity for marriage, it will lead to a more fulfilled life. While c
Introduction Bankruptcy explains a lawfully accepted failure of an entity or organizations to pay off all of its creditors. There are two types of bankruptcy i.e. involuntary bankruptcy and voluntary bankruptcy. The idea of bankruptcy is aimed at enabling the debtor avoid paying their creditors and continue with their daily business. More so, the debtor is protected from creditors who could have ill motive when demanding for their funds at the expense of the debtors business. On the other hand, the law ensures that funds are fairly and equitably allocated to the various categories of creditors. “Bankruptcy today seeks the dual purpose of benefiting the debtor as well as the creditor by finding a happy medium where the debtor can comfortably meet their monthly obligation and the creditors recoup their investment”. Analysis Concerning the formal request for involuntary bankruptcy, the court should not grant, due to provision under chapter 7 involuntary bankruptcy, that the debtor is needed to liquidate their assets to compensate or pay back their creditors. According to “Section 303(b)(3)(A): a partner does have the right to file an involuntary petition”. Similarly, the chapter requires the debtor to compensate his creditors through his own sources of earnings in cases where he is financially viable to take care of his everyday expenditures and still afford a regular compensation to his respective creditors. This is deemed possible where the debtor has
The essay “Social consequences of change in the value of money” by Keynes discusses how both inflation and deflation can cause great harm to businessmen, investors, and workers. According to Keynes, when the value of money changes it results in redistribution of wealth. He goes on to explain how it affects the investing class, the business class, and the wage earner. He also discusses the effects of change in the value of money on production. To explain the effect of inflation on investors, Keynes delves into the history of inflation through the nineteenth century and tries to explain the complacency of investors at the beginning of the First World War when a sudden devaluation of bonds resulted in many people losing their entire savings. He explains how for a hundred years in the nineteenth century, the value of currency did not change, encouraging most of the middle classes to invest their money in bonds. But after the First World War, the currency depreciated and the entire savings of many middle-class investors were wiped out. On the other hand, the devaluation of money can increase the profits of the business class in two ways. First, if they are obliged to pay the investors a fixed amount annually, this fixed amount will constitute a smaller proportion of the businessman’s turnover as a result of inflation. Second, as the prices rise on a month-to-month basis, the businessman ends up buying goods at a lower price and selling it at a higher price, thus seeing a sudden increase in its fortunes. As far as the wage earners are concerned, the wages lag behind the price rise and so inflation results in them being even worse. However, Keynes also mentions the fact that in the years following the First World War, certain classes of wage earners were able to negotiate good salaries from their businessmen employers. Thus having explained how inflation results in redistribution of wealth, Keynes goes on to discuss the effect of change in the value of money on production. He explains that since there is a considerable time before a business can make profits from production, it brings about an element of speculation to production. When prices are expected to rise, production is over-stimulated and fear of deflation inhibits the production process, resulting in job loss. Keynes concludes that both inflation and deflation have their disadvantages and should be avoided. The essay was written in the years following the First World War and Keynes used examples from the economic turmoil of the period to explain the effects of inflation and deflation on society. This focus on a particular time period is perhaps the biggest weakness of the essay. Although he uses simple terminology and layman language to explain complex economic concepts and successfully explains the various disadvantages related to the change in the value of money, he tends to stray away from the topic every now and then and seems to be confused about what he really wants to disc
Introduction to the Research Topic Higher education is becoming more available to people with intellectual disabilities (ID) as different programs start to integrate special techniques to accommodate students with various backgrounds (Neubert & Moon, 2017). Such inclusion may be encouraged by different groups of people, including university professors, students, government officials, and parents of children with ID. Nevertheless, the existence of such programs does not ensure the success of these students in the academic field of higher education as it relies on many aspects of one’s environment. For example, parents’ opinions about their child’s performance can significantly affect the situation (Martinez, Conroy, & Cerreto, 2012). The topic that is explored in the literature review is concerned with parents’ attitudes towards the academic excellence of their children with ID. This research attempts to assess the extent to which parents in Saudi Arabia believe that their children with ID can achieve success in higher education. To address this topic, some key definitions must be established and explained. First of all, this paper talks about the sphere of higher education, which includes post-secondary education programs that can be delivered by colleges, universities, or institutes (Hart, Grigal, Sax, Martinez, & Will, 2006). This type of education can be accessed by individuals who completed the previous step in learning, which usually means that they have finished high school. Second, the paper discusses people with intellectual disabilities –people with “significant cognitive and adaptive functioning deficits” who need additional help and resources to acquire knowledge and participate in the learning process (Eisenman, Farley-Ripple, Culnane, & Freedman, 2013, p. 368). In this case, people with disabilities of the autism spectrum are not represented in the paper. Finally, academic success can be characterized by one’s ability to socialize, take classes, and develop necessary skills for further use (Folk, Yamamoto, & Stodden, 2012). Rationale Many scholars study the participation of students with ID in school life. Various studies examine the success of programs and strategies that are developed to help individuals with ID to receive a college education. Furthermore, some examples of this research assess the attitude of students towards their peers with ID. For instance, according to Griffin, Summer, McMillan, Day, and Hodapp (2012), many students are ready to welcome individuals with ID and help them feel conformable in a classroom setting, although they have some concerns regarding the outcomes to such integrations. Similarly, another study notes the uncertainty of teachers and the faculty staff towards the performance of the students with ID (Gibbons, Cihak, Mynatt, & Wilhoit, 2015). However, these studies do not address another critical factor that can have a significant impact on the performance of young people with ID. The attitude of parents towards their children’s success can be very influential in both positive and negative ways. Therefore, the presented topic is necessary to investig