ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
In the given paper, the outcomes of my practice as a volunteer for a charity shop called North London Hospice are discussed. After my work as a volunteer has been done, the necessity to take a look back and evaluate the lessons learned appears. Hence, the given paper summarizes the learning outcomes and suggests the possible ways of my further development as a professional. In the given report, such methods as sampling and qualitative analysis have been used to produce accurate and objective data. In the course of the analysis, it turned out that my skills as a manager have grown, as well as communication skills. An important experience in how theory is put into practice, the work in the charity shop has allowed for more options concerning my professional growth. Speaking of the charity shop and its policy, I could recommend that it should introduce the model of transactional leadership for more efficiency. When the Time to Grow into a Professional Comes: Trying out as a Volunteer in a Charity Shop. Experience and Lessons Learned Introduction: Welcome to the Charity Shop Specializing in Management, I was supposed to undergo a practical course in a specific organization. I chose a charity shop called the North London Hospice. Working there for relatively short time, I learned much about the job of a manager, which has shaped my idea of a retail manager’s functions a lot. History and background, intentions and hopes It the help of the SMART framework, the experience at the North London Hospice is going to be assessed. The SEEC framework is going to be used for evaluation. Aim and the key objectives: what management means The goal of the given paper is to evaluate the acquired experience and to draw conclusions concerning its significance. In addition, the given report considers the alternative solutions for some of the considered problems and draws the outline for further training. Methodology: creating the theoretical foil To evaluate the acquired experience, the method of qualitative analysis is applied in the given paper (Guest & MacQueen, 2008). Analyzing experience, achievements and failures at the North London Hospice, I will be able to define the course of my further professional growth. Getting Down to the Basics: The Valuable Experience Retail industry and its many faces Though the North London Hospice is doubtlessly a charity organization, which is based on completely voluntary work, it also has to face the economical and financial complexities that most organizations do. Therefore, the specifics of retail industry are no longer a closed book for me. Such retail skills as the ability to understand the market and to access it easily are crucial for me as a professional. In addition, I have mastered the specifics of till system and its application. I have also learned what knowledge and skills the process of stock preparation requires, which will, doubtlessly, help me in my future work. Job satisfaction as the key ingredient of a perfect work However, soon after I started working in the North London Hospice
A live classical music concert, which will be discussed in the paper, is the Millennium Stage by Apollo Orchestra. The orchestra joins forces with renowned opera stars and international instrumental soloists for an annual series of free concerts. The performance was held on March 5, 2020, and I attended on the same day. It brought me unforgettable memories, enough to be reflected in the corresponding essay. The performance was filled with music by many composers who contributed to the development of classical music. The concert begins with a work by Ottorino Respighi, an Italian composer who studied at the Bologna Lyceum, and then with Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov in St. Petersburg, where he was the first violist in the Opera Orchestra ( Ottorino Respighi ). His active training throughout his life endowed the composer’s works with a unique orchestral flavor. The concert ends with a piece by Ludwig van Beethoven, known to the general public for his heroic struggle with the onset of deafness when some of his most important works were written ( Ludwig van Beethoven ). The musical compositions of these authors formed the basis for a concert that touched the heart and soul of every listener in the hall. The set of instruments was typical for conducting an orchestral concert. The professional orchestra group was endow
The article in question dwells upon representation of Islam in Western media. Sairra Patel (1999) claims that Western media provide a distorted image of Islam and the role of Muslim women, which leads to Muslims’ marginalization and alienation. It is necessary to note that Patel (1999) uses a variety of tools of persuasion and provides her arguments in a concise and comprehensive manner. This makes the article a successful persuasive essay. The major idea of the article is misrepresentation of Muslims. The author uses a very strong beginning to support her point. Patel (1999) illustrates the way Muslims are depicted with reference to a reputable British source where a violent act was ascribed to Muslims (though it was conducted by a group of Christians). The author also provides a number of other examples of misrepresentation of Islam or Muslims’ life and traditions (Patel, 1999). Real life examples are regarded as some of the most effective tools of persuasion (Brock & Green, 2005). The author supports her claim with the help of real life situations, which makes her claim plausible. Importantly, the examples are very appealing as they are associated with the most burning issues concerning Islam. Thus, when writing about misrepresentation of Islam, the author mentions violent acts during a peaceful demonstration. When writing about women, Patel (1999) mentions the right to own property or the tradition to wear hijab . Apart from, specific examples, Patel (1999) extensively employs ethos and pathos. The author refer to reputable sources only, such as Qur’an, Goethe, Thomas Carlyle, BBC, Today , The Telegraph , etc. The use of ethos is another persuasion device which is very effective (Brock & Green, 2005). The author refers to reliable sources to make the reader understand that many people share her views. Admittedly, this is an effective tool as the author shows that the article is a result of a thorough research. The author appeals to the readers’ emotions by focusing on the most burning issues. Another successful device is a rhetoric question employed at the end of the article. The author forces the reader to answer the question and come to certain conclusions (the author’s conclusions). Finally, it is important to note that the article is written in a concise form. The form is one of the central components of effective persuasion (Brock & Green, 2005). Each argument is provided in a separate paragraph, which makes it easier
Introduction There are some tasks that come across our lives that seem as if they cannot be done but when they are completed that is the time we believe that they are done. These tasks normally drain all our efforts as well as time and everything else seems to have stopped. The experiences gotten from these tasks are so vivid that you cannot forget any bit of them. There are so many controversial aspects of such tasks and there are a lot of uncertainties in them. Some certain events take place in life and leave clear memories in our lives. Films whose driving force is environmental politics have become more common since 1990. These films have become an object of interest in the publication of trade like the Hollywood movies and in particular The Hollywood Reporter . Between 1991 and 1993, there was an increment from three to twelve articles. These articles then dropped down to three by 1996, then ever since that time there has been a steady increment of the number of articles that focus on environmental content. By 2004, there were fourteen articles that had been produced. Gore is one man who wrote a book concerning things that later came to pass. He has written his first book ‘Earth in the Balance’ after his son was involved in an accident. This triggered him to think about two things that he found to be very important in his live after the accident of his son. The book mainly discusses about the global warming as well as his life. The book deals mainly on the content of environment that is perceived after reading through it in an eco-critical perspective. However, there is need to examine the production as well as the content practices in relation to the environment
Introduction Ethical decision making is always a difficult task since the decisions made affect to some individuals and the society. There exist ethical dilemmas in determining the right path to follow when values are in conflict. For example, there are some instances where the requirements of the customer may disagree with the organizational goals and mission. This implies that decisions need to be made in order to establish the course of actions. Consequently, when there is difficulty in decision making, pressure always is directed to the executives who are responsible for making decisions. In this sense, a comprehensible and dependable ethical framework can enhance the decision making process and establish company initiatives that will help guarantee that the results are appropriate and maximize the available efforts in line with the decision making and the anticipated outcome. Managers often benefit form several approaches to solving ethical quandaries. These approaches include the utilitarian theory, the moral rights theory, individualism, and the justice approach. The objective of this paper is to compare and contrast the two common approaches: utilitarian approach and the moral-rights approach. The paper also expands on the ideas about the drawbacks of the utilitarian approach. The last section focuses on the role of multinational organizations in ensuring that there is a sustainable development globally. Utilitarian Approach To begin with, making ethical decisions require consideration of the facts, the subjects involved, the best approach to follow, the effect of the approach, and the examination of the whole process. The utilitarian approach to making ethical decisions was advocated by the nineteenth-century by Bentham and Mill. This approach requires that an individual should take a moral action that produces the greatest value for many people (Draft, 2010). In this strategy, a decision maker is expected to take into consideration the impacts of each decision alternative on all parties and choose the one that is of great value to a maximum number of people. Many people use this type of reasoning in making daily decisions. When requested to describe why we have a moral obligation to carry out some action, we normally consider the benefits that will result from the action or the bad effects it will avoid. Managers, doctors, and legislators weigh daily the good and bad effects of policies when deciding, for instance, when to endorse a new medicine, whether to allocate resources in a project, or whether to monitor employee use of the internet. Furthermore, as a consequentialist theory, utilitarianism has different approaches in which all of them agree on the principle of utility; which requires that in every action we must always consider good over evil. To determine if our
Introduction World transformation has been a long but intensive process affecting various persons and their activities. The issue of globalization is observed to be divided into various types, which are dependent on the activities that actually transform the human existence at a time. The initial stages of globalization dates back to the thirteenth century when it was entirely based on the globalization of countries. This is evident with persons such as Vasco da Gama who explored other countries for better opportunities after having transformed their home countries. This is referred to as globalization 1.0. Globalization 2, which followed, was based on revolution of organizations. It was experienced from the Second World War to the end of the twentieth century. During this period, the internet which led to further development was invented. Globalization 3 is mainly based on the development achieved in globalization 2.0. It mainly focused on individual revolution. In its achievement, the internet and its connectivity have been intensively used. Early this year, various revolutions were observed in the Arab spring. This was facilitated by the use of social media, a tool in globalization 3.0. This paper seeks to give an in-depth analysis of globalization 3.0 which was instrumental in the Syria and Libya revolution by the use of social media. Arab Spring The social media was very useful in sharing information in the Libya and Syria during their revolution. During this period, most of the media houses were banned from airing information. This was aimed at ensuring control of the public was easy by the administration. Despite this, the internet was easily available to the citizens through computers and cell phone which enabled them to share information. This was specifically used by the youths who had been having access to social media at their schools as well as through in cyber cafes. In my opinion, I perceive collaboration of the youths through social media to have been effective in sharing information not only to the citizens only but also to other
Introduction The successful promotion and sale of items that are the ultimate result of the production line in authors’ publishers, labels and studios are of crucial importance for the purpose of completion of these lines of production. A successful mediation between these potential producers to the final consumer is a cause of gratitude from producers to the mediator. Amazon.com has qualified for this prize by offering a simple direct and profitable way towards this goal. Amazon.com Inc. an American e-commerce company was the number one of all the companies to sell goods over the Internet. Its inception was an online bookstore, but later the range of their products online has diversified to incorporate many other products. The company relationships on selected products. (Hawkins, Best, & Coney, 1995). At the time when Jeff Bezos decided to sell books using the online mode, he first explored through a feasibility study the possibility of selling some other items through the world web. The items displayed at his disposal for possible consideration for sale included; music CDs, PC software, and hardware and magazines apart from books. At the time of his policy formulation, about 1.3 million books had already been successfully printed. This allowed the business on books sale online to offer to customers any book required and at a discounted price. In comparison, he also found that at the time only 250,000 music CDs were available at any one time as compared to about 1.5 million English titles and if accounting for all languages the figure rose to 3 million titles. This is the biggest advantage that led to successful book sales online. CDs have also successfully sold online after the struggle of the company’s establishment. These items when physically displayed for sale considering the diversity of each particular item required by the consumers are bulky. To have a physical bookstore or CDs copies to the tune of 1 million titles is bulky. When they are consolidated into a catalog the contribution of nationwide warehouse distribution centers has condensed the bulky physical stores and necessitated the great diversity of book titles and CDs at any one time. Amazon.com reserved a 4-5 years non-operational working period to build up its business. Any customer may visit any website for books and CDs but after analysis, only Amazon.com can be a seller of choice. Among the challenges it offers to other competitors include; comfortable coaches, music, and gourmet coffee for customers as they page through a book of choice prior to ‘purchasing it, savoring the crisp new pages and
Introduction There are numerous dimensions of the globalization process that are presented in various forms, processes, and interconnectedness. Such diversity, multidimensionality, and complexity become clear when considering the concept of culture (Hopper, 2007, p. 2). Indeed, the globalization process cannot stand aside cultures; rather, its formation directly relates to them. At the same time, different cultures remain immune to the affects of globalization. However, the relation between culture and globalization can become even more complicated when both aspects are involved in the international business relationship. Specific concerns with culture and internationalism are closely connected with the creation of joint ventures in Saudi Arabia, the leading producer of oil in the world. Being the dominating form of international business, the existing joint ventures in Saudi Arabia are primarily predetermined by cultural and ethical considerations from both foreign investors and the Arab business families. It should also be admitted that internationalisation process has allowed the Middle East to ascertain its position on the global arena and receive an access to Western technologies and innovations (Mababaya, 2003a, p. 157). However, the world community in its turn should find a compromise and specific cultural approaches to understanding the Saudi culture, which is essential for further fruitful cooperation. They should not omit the fact that cultural environment in Saudi Arabia is also important for other cultures because its strong economy strongly influences the world market and integration processes. Hence, the importance of integrating culture into the international business is really enormous and, therefore, multinational companies should reconcile cultural diversity and gain a tangible competitive advantage. Research background Before the discovery of oil in Saudi Arabia, the country did not have impressive levels of production and the major focus in business was made on trading (Katz, 2007). A well-developed commercial culture has a considerable effect of further business operations in the Kingdom, which influences the creation of future strategies, values, and approaches to carrying out business and to organizing joint ventures in cooperation with foreign investors (Mababaya, 2003b, p. 38). One way or another, an in-depth research on cultural implications for joint ventures in Saudi Arabia has revealed that Eastern and Western world have a number of differences in conducting business that are primarily predetermined by existing discrepancies in mentality and traditions (Moran et al., 2007; Rao, 2001; Adecolar and Sergi, 2007). Aside from cultural discrepancies, the process of internalization has led to mutual interaction of the cultures engaged into busi
Introduction Revisiting different theories and models after there has been enough time to test and appraise them achieves results that are more reliable. Appelbaum, Habashy, Malo, and Shafiq return to John Kotter’s change model, proposed in 1996, in their 2012 article, summarizing his work. While one of the fascinating things about his work remains the fact that it was bereft of sources, apart from the author’s experience in business, there are points of interest within the theory itself. Main body At first, the procedure provided by Kotter highlights eight steps to transform an organization, with the second step being to “create a guiding coalition.” At first glance, the process seems appropriate and straightforward, so criticism of the second point puts under question the reliability of the rest of the steps. The commentary focuses on the fact that coalition formation is an acute need throughout numerous stages, not just a second phase of the process. However, Kotter does not explicitly state that coalition formation is fruitless after the second step and does not discourage from it, and his steps should retain credibility in our eye. Taking into account all the provided by the article information, it should seem to us that the critique of Kotter’s system is derived from its inappropriate application. Another given criticism of the change model stemmed at the same time from both, its rigidity and lack of descriptiveness. The steps, says Kotter, absolutely have to be followed consecutively to obtain positive results, and this creates a system that should give questionable results in companies with a corporate culture different from America. This is an observation presumably hitherto unconsidered by readers, as it is often easy to forget the obvious fact that business and management involve cultural roots and different countries operate on different cultural bases. Kotter counters this argument himself, stating that the lack of achieved results when following his eight steps is determined by the inability to change people’s behavior, not a setback of his system. This is a considerable statement, since if the goal is to achieve a change, then this creates a scheme to be followed, and its failure should indicate inefficiency of either the structure or the implementer. This brings us to the subject most interesting from an academic point of view – the practical nature of the work and its basis in experience, while completely absconding proof through experimentation. To be validated scientifically and appraised intellectually, a model should require confirmation, not by the life experience of the creator, which is something untestable, but through scientific experiments. The fact that Kotter’s work is used and studied by scholars, despite its lacking proof, creates a peculiar situation where something unproved is elevated to an axiom, which is something we should find extraordinary. Conclusion Critique of Kotter’s 1996 change model is varied and, at times, appropriate, with the author himself recognizing the fact that he was not able to cover all questions in his work. Nonetheless, his work is a unique mélange of methodical recommendations based
Children’s literature plays a significant role in providing valuable insights into how individuals should parent their young ones. More importantly, it helps parents in having a better understanding of their children and how to make the best out of them. Notably, the upbringing of children appears to be among the most complicated tasks that parents encounter. Nonetheless, current scholars have written numerous works concerning children, making important contributions to the knowledge of children and their literature. Particularly, three recent articles have provided detailed arguments about raising responsible children. To begin with, Michaeleen Doucleff, a scientist and the author of “Hunt, Gather, Parent,” states that “in many cultures around the world, parents do not struggle to raise helpful, kind kids” (Doucleff, 2021). However, the writer asserts that American parents do the opposite of what these cultures do to nurture cooperative children. After conducting four-year research on how the Maya, Hadzabe, and Inuit instill helpfulness in their children, Doucleff (2021) made two important suggestions that can help American parents. First, parents should allow toddlers and young children to help with some household chores. Second, parents should be willing to request their children to perform some tasks daily. Doucleff emphasizes that children are naturally helpful and cooperative but are often denied that chance by their parents. In an interview with Rachel Martin, Doucleff reveals that her relationship with her daughter, Rosy, has since changed as she learned a lot from the study. She attests that the approach she recommended “is really about minimizing conflict and tension and maximizing cooperation” (Martin, 2021). Subsequently, Amy Morin, a psychotherapist, writes about the four forms of parenting; authoritarian, permissive, authoritative, and uninvolved. Morin insists that parents should embrace the authoritative style because it fosters a positive relationship with a child and allows one to establish authority healthily, unlike the rest of the parenting styles. The author adds that empirical findings have established that “Children raised with authoritative discipline tend to be happy and successful” (Morin, 2