ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Technology continues to evolve rapidly, especially in the digital, electronic, and mobile areas. Technological innovations have accelerated, facilitated, and optimized many aspects of people’s lives, and the most affected area has been the business sector. E-commerce is the result of applying new technologies to traditional business models, the emergence of which has resulted in many new opportunities, significant improvements, and fundamental changes in many business processes. For example, it is a proven fact that e-commerce has bettered such vital areas for any company as product quality, customer satisfaction, and operational strategy. Consequently, the author of the article, Abdulaziz T. Almaktoom, decided to explore how e-commerce affects the mechanics of the supply chain. Additional goals include better understanding the impact of technology on how companies do business nowadays and providing new perspectives on how to improve their performance. The writer goes on to describe the positive effects of involving e-commerce in the supply chain. He notes that the implementation of e-commerce significantly reduces the time at all of its stages. Moreover, e-commerce minimizes the possibility of defections. The use of e-commerce in the supply chain also provides direct access to consumers through the online space. Almaktoom concludes that e-commerce eliminates the need for retailers for companies, which reduces costs and makes transactions faster. Another thing the author notes is that the implementation of e-commerce reduces the harmful effects of uncertainties in the supply chain. Uncertainties have always been a major issue for companies in general and supply chain managers in particular. Almaktoom notes that uncertainties are harmful as they lead to unnecessary expenditures of necessary resources and u
Motivation and “127 Hours” The first type of motivation was fear: Aron was afraid that if he did not get out of the trap, he would not be able to see his family. The second type was the affiliation and social motivation, which expressed Aron’s desire to be accepted by his family as a member of their social circle. Finally, there was the expectancy theory motivation: he saw an illusion with a little boy who, he knew, was his future son. The man wanted to survive and live until the moment when the child would be born. Drive Reduction Theory of Motivation: Hunger Games Edition Drive reduction theory is the kind of motivational theory that develops from a physiological or psychological need. In this portion of the film, physiological types of motivation are demonstrated, such as the need for warmth, food, and water. Yerkes-Dodson Law In the scene, Amy is trying to evaluate Sheldon’s level of performance based on the critical anxiety level that is sufficient to get him distracted. When he pops the balloon, it is the point of decrease in performance. Minnesota Starvation Experiment The first discovery was psychological, and it revealed that cutting calorie intake in half for six months could make people psychologically unstable. The second discovery was physiological, and it showed that people gained weight faster after the diet ended. Emotional Regulation: “Inside Out” Emotional regulation is the ability to control one’s negative emotions in order not to let them drive one’s behavior. A few days ago, I had to apply for this process when I was in the library. There was a person who was eating something very loudly. I did not want to argue with that man, so I just walked out and sat at a table at the opposite end of the library reading hall. In the scene, the dynamics of Riley’s emotional regulation moves from sadness to irony to anger. Her mother’s dynamics are apprehension, anxiety, and sadness (disappointment). The father’s dynamics involve distraction, a sudden leap to anxiety (because of not being aware of the situation), and anger.
Overview of Organization The General Directorate of Residency and Foreigners Affairs Dubai (GDRFA) is a government agency within the Ministry of Interior which is primarily responsible for the regulation of the entry and exit of international travelers and residency of foreign nationals (Singarum 2015). Dubai is currently one of the top destinations for international travelers coming to the country as tourists or en route to other parts of the world. It is the responsibility of this organization to ensure that only those people with legal documents get into and out of the country. This department has the mandate to ensure that ports within the United Arab Emirates are not used by people dealing in contraband goods. It works closely with law enforcement officers to safeguard the country’s airports and sea ports from any threat that may come from individuals or groups considered dangerous to the country’s stability or safety of its people. As an autonomous entity operating under the Ministry of Interior, GDRFA has a team of highly dedicated employees and a clear organizational structure that shows the flow of command from the top leadership to the junior most employees. The figure below shows the organizational structure of this organization. Figure 1: GDRFA Organizational Chart. Source (Singarum 2015)ю As shown in the figure above, this organization is headed by Director of General Directorate of Residency and Foreigners Affairs Dubai. The director is fully responsible for all the operational activities that take place in this firm. Under the director is the deputy director who is responsible for the supervision of the departmental heads. There are eight departments within this organization. They include Naturalization Affairs, Offender Follow-up, Seaports Access, and External Services Center. Others include Airport and Border Access, Entry Permit and Residency, e-Services, and Human Resources and Financial Resources Department (Maktūm 2013). The mission of this organization is to ensure that the United Arab Emirates is safe despite the high number of foreign nationals that it receives on a regular basis. Its mission is “to work efficiently and effectively towards enhancing the quality of life in the UAE community by providing security, traffic, reform, residency services and ensuring safety of lives and properties” (Singarum 2015, p. 45). To achieve its mission, this firm needs to understand the emerging changes in the external environment. The top management must ensure that this firm responds to these external forces by aligning its internal environment with the changes taki
Executive Summary This report presents a synthetic study on ethical issues in social media. Social media is an emerging media that has revolutionized the sharing of information taking it to a different level. It is being deployed in various areas to bring unfathomable profits. One of the major areas where it has being used is in business. Executives have realized the latent of social media and are in a hurry to incorporate them in their businesses. With such massive use of social media, many ethical, legal, and social issues have emerged. These issues can be solved if all the stakeholders in the industry-users and project developers-work together towards upholding peoples’ privacy and security. This report identifies how this can be achieved under the legal and ethical use of social media. Introduction Several decades ago, anyone could be a media publisher. All they needed was a few million dollars, a team of editors and writers, a printing press able to print dozen copies per second, and of course, a distribution network that would ensure your books are in stores across the country. If all these requirements are anything to go by, the process was a little harder, not unless one wanted to venture into radio or television. The result of this complicated process meant that information came down. People were not bale to talk among themselves. They talked to writers, editors, and producer who chose the subjects and told us their thoughts. If one did not agree with them, there was always the choice of not buying the magazine or switching channels. Advertisers shied off, and all the capital the publication invested became irredeemable. Fortunately, today, things are very different. It can cost literally nothing to create content and publish it for other people to enjoy. Nevertheless, this low cost has come with a prize to pay. This is because we are no longer being talked to by professional writer and publishers. Instead, we are talking to each other. Anyone can launch a web si
The duty of a leader is to empower people as it is important for achieving some progress that employees start believing and following their leader in executing the underlying tasks. However, sometimes, this task is difficult, or even impossible, to achieve if the leader fails to empower his or her followers. There are various reasons as to why a leader may fail to empower the others. Some of these reasons may be either intentional or unintentional. According to Maxwell (2007), leaders may fail to empower their followers if they act insecure. From this perspective, the leader is never ready to relinquish his/her powers to his/her subordinates. For example, a leader does not want his/her juniors to execute their duties with freedom and authority. Empowerment of other workers by leaders may be determined by the leader’s empowerment ability. However, the lack of such ability can be seen when a leader does not provide resources and responsibilities to the others. If leaders do not portray goodwill to their subordinates, then it will be impossible to motivate other workers. For example, a leader should show commitment and always be ready to give credit, where it is due. Appreciation of other people’s achievement is significant in motivating them to always work hard. However, showing other people that they do not deserve credit and rewards for their hard work can be an example of a case that leaders lack empowerment ability. Moreover, a leader’s lack of empowerment ability may be a result of inability to have a proper influence on his/her followers. Some leaders fail to empower their followers since they are yet to build trust among their followers. The character of a leader can be an obstacle in ensuring that his/her subordinates achieve satisfaction from their work. In this case, the followers will be negatively impacted by a negative character of a leader and, as a result, show their dissatisfaction and resistance in supporting and adopting his/her ideas It is true that teaching what is right is easier and simpler than acting right in practice. It takes a lot of effort and self-improvement in order to do what is right. Of course, many leaders are burdened with the responsibility of making sure that their followers act right and perform their duties well. However, unless such actions are taken by the leaders, their followers will be the least to show any diligence in their work. An example of such leaders can be seen in Henry Ford, who was not interested in improving the company he founded. Consequently, the same was evidenced in the company executives, who never worked hard to salvage the company that nearly collapsed. On the other hard, saying what is right and then showing it on one’s own example is considered very convincing. An example of a leader who portrayed such pattern of behavior and workers’ management is Ray Kroc, the owner of McDonald’s chain of restaurants. Kroc was an effective leader, and his followers emulat
Introduction In life, we have to understand that we are the agents of change. We hold the key to a better world that we can be proud of and cherish. I have spent most of my life in the city of Doha and I came to realize that we have to deal with stereotype threats. Allingham (78) defines a stereotype threat as “A situational predicament in which people are or feel themselves to be at risk of confirming negative stereotypes about their social groups.” I realized that most of the immigrants, especially those who come as casual laborers, consider the natives to be brutes who have no concern for the less fortunate members of the family. I learned about this stereotype in a very unfortunate way. My parents and I were traveling from the city when our car broke down in a remote area several miles away from the city. It was approaching midnight. Main body A group of four men came to check what the problem was with our car. They were petrol attendants in a nearby petrol station. They were willing to offer us any form of help after realizing that we were stranded. They were driven by automatic thoughts. Automatic thinking, according to Fox (81), refers to “Non-conscious, unintentional, involuntary and effortless thoughts.” It came to the minds of these four men that we needed help, and they knew they could be of help. However, their attitude towards us changed after realizing that we were natives. One of them uttered a word in a strange language before they left us there, as helpless as they found us. After a controlled thought, they made a decision that we were not worth helping. According to Ha
Magnolia Paul Thomas Anderson has had an impressionable effect in the movie-making world of Hollywood with his novel, albeit controversial productions. Born in 1970, Paul made his Hollywood debut with the movie Boogie Nights in 1997 as a 27 year old. His fate seem to have been determined from an early age, as he was born in Studio City to Ernie Anderson, a voice actor (Rovi para 1). He grew up when the 1970s California pornography industry was thriving and his interest in the movie industry was aroused (para 2). He dropped out of New York University Film School at the age of 26 to concentrate on movie making (Modell para 1). Earlier on he had been kicked out of sixth grade for indiscipline (Rove para 1). Despite being fired by a movie director for producing a disastrous movie on prostitution on gambling, Paul went on to become a Hollywood great and has released several movies such as Boogie Nights, Magnolia among others ( Rovi para 2, 3). This papers aim is to give an introductory review to the filmmaker himself, and the film Magnolia Paul Anderson produced Magnolia in 1999, “a movie too good to be missed.” (Rovi para 4). Magnolia is a film based on the biblical notion explained in Exodus 8:2 and “examines the trials and tribulations of its ten main characters over the course of one day.” (Leong para 4; Dayu para 2). It is about some mysteriously bizarre events in the lives of the characters, which engage the audience all throughout the 3-hour movie. The main theme is that we live in a world of random and infinite possibilities (Leong para 4). The story moves to portray characters that are pushed to unimaginable limits by one uncontrollable event after another. In this story Paul highlights the “concept of fate and destiny” and that we are victims of the consequences of the actions we take (para 5). The script end in a controversial way as some of characters and story lines ends up crumbling (Leong para 9; Dayu para 2). Despite this script flow, the movie has an amazing cast
Karl Polanyi’s economic theory must be one of the most ambiguous in the history of economic thought. On the one hand, his views contradict the existence or, most likely, the advantageousness of the self-regulating market system described by Adam Smith. From this perspective, Polanyi’s economic views coincide with those of Keynes who insisted on the need for the government’s active regulation of the market growth. In the meantime, while Keynes simply rejects the potential of the invisible hand of the market, Polanyi develops this idea and comes to a conclusion that the liberalistic attempt to establish the self-regulating market system is the root of all the world’s “catastrophes” (“Episode 6”). On the face of it, such a parallel might seem to be an exaggeration. Meanwhile, a brief retrospective overview shows that the market’s self-regulation does not essentially imply positive outcomes for the society; on the contrary, it often leads to the disastrous consequences. Thus, for instance, the capital’s mobility that, while being uncontrolled, is certainly an integral part of the self-regulated basis, has already become the cause of the overall unemployment. Polanyi’s criticism of the capitalistic system appears to be aligned to that expressed by Marx. Hence, the former economist also puts an emphasis on the ethical prevalence of social needs over the profit motives (“Episode 6”). Meanwhile, his theory reminds that of Marx only at the first sight. Thence, a closer analysis reveals that Polanyi’s views are more “humanistic.” The economist is mainly focused on the examination of the human character trying to determine such forms of market structure that would be most resonant to the inborn nature of a person. This humanistic approach is illustrated by Polanyi’s numerous references to the historical background; hence, the economist tries to overview the entire scope of the humans’ experience. Despite his criticism of the free market, he is still less dogmatic in his attitude towards its mechanisms than Marx. Generally speaking, it might be concluded that Karl Polanyi generated one of the most rational and grounded economic theories. His theory avoids extremes; instead, it proclaims the reasonably balanced liberal and democratic market system. Works Cited “Episode 6.” Capitalism. , Icarus Films. Brooklyn, New York. 2014. Television.
Religious beliefs can affect the understanding of illness in various ways. First, as mentioned in the case study, religions may dictate that individuals should not interfere with God’s will and take actions to change unfavorable circumstances, such as poor medical conditions. Second, religious beliefs may cause distrust in science in general, leading to an irrational fear of being diagnosed and treated with drugs (Clobert & Saroglou, 2015). The case study shows that Cohens’ belief system affected their daughter’s therapy significantly, as they were unwilling to give her medications or hospitalize her. It is possible to say that religion had a negative effect on the girl’s health state as the family seemed to mishandle her condition, knowing that she needed professional help because the symptoms could worsen. The reason for their behavior is that some of the tenets of Hasidic Judaism include not trying to change the circumstances and trusting God’s will. The first thing students can learn about educating their peers is to consider cultural and religious factors while providing care. Like Cohens, some families may feel the need to conceal their children’s illnesses or decline help. In addition, in the case study, Judy’s mother refused to undergo genetic testing, which could be a necessary step in preventing her future child from a severe medical condition. It means that it is vital to discuss the background of patients’ decisions and their concerns, as well as provide them with information about possible outcomes of their choices. Another important issue students should educate their peers about is to respond to patients’ religious and cultural needs while also considering relevant legislation. In some cases, a medical professional can challenge parents’ decision of refusing treatment for their child if their choice is not based on the child’s best interest. Finally, the case study shows that students should educate the community that although everyone should be free to practice a religion, some religious beliefs may cause significant harm to an individual’s health state and should be considered. Reference Clobert, M., & Saroglou, V. (2015). Religion, paranormal beliefs, and distrust in science: Comparing East versus West. Archive for the Psychology of Religion , 37 (2), 185-199.
Introduction The study was done in 2015 and involved a sample of 486 students aged 18- 25 years from across 40 universities in the United Kingdom. The study aimed at investigating the predictors of young drinking behavior. The variables from the study include age, sex, alcohol, dn, int, ssimp, inj, and swl. Alcohol has been a problem among University students where some studies have shown high alcoholism rates to be as high as 85% and female students drinking as much as males (Davoren et al.). The paper will use parametric methods to infer the predictive power of the various variables to drinking intention. The first parametric method is correlation analysis followed by multiple regression. Hierarchical multiple regression is used to check the incremental power of adding specific variables at a time. Methods The participants of the study were university students from 40 different universities across the United Kingdom. The total number of participants was 486 aged between 18 and 25; the age with the highest frequency was 20 with 107 measurements, while the least was 25 with 20 observations. Out of all the students, there were 101males and 385 females. The primary variable of the study is drinking intention among the participants. The variables inj, ssimp, swl, and dn were measured on a 7-point Likert item with a Cronbach’s reliability alpha also being run. Results Descriptive Statistics Figure 1. Histogram of alcohol and normal distribution curve. From the figure above, the data is not symmetrical and is skewed to the right. The peak of the normal curve does not coincide with the distribution’s maximum frequency. The distribution of alcohol is not normal. The variable also has a minimum value of 0, a maximum value of 91, and a mean of 11.69. Figure 2. Histogram and normal distribution curve for inj. The above figure represents a histogram and a normal curve for inj. The normal curve seems to follow a normal distribution or within acceptable limits of normal distribution because the normal distribution curve’s peak coincides with the highest frequency values (Hopkins et al., 2018). The mean and median seem to also be concentrated at the center. The variable passes the eye-test for normal distribution. Figure 3. Histogram and normal distribution curve for dn. The third variable, dn, seems to have a slight skewness to the left. The mean of the sample is 5.25, which is close to the points with maximum frequency. Although the normal curve’s peak does not coincide with the peak of the histogram, the difference is not too significant to rule out a normal distribution. The variable, therefore, passes the visual test for normality. The mean for age was 20.46, while the standard deviation was 1.82. The mean for alcohol was 11.69, while the standard deviation was 12.24. The variable inj had a mean of 4.03 and a standard deviation of 1.27. On the other hand, ssimp had a mean of 4.4 and a standard deviation of 1.2; there were 9 missing values for ssimp. T