What is Soil? Soil is the sediment, surface layer of land produced as a result of transformations in rock materials that occurred under the influence of both living and dead organisms including plants, animals, and bacteria; solar heat, and atmospheric precipitation. Soil is a natural formation with a unique physical structure, chemical composition, and properties. Fertility, i.e., the ability to provide conditions for the growth and development of plants, is the most essential of its qualities. To be fertile, the soil should comprise a sufficient level of nutrients and water needed for the nourishment of vegetation, micro-, and macrofauna (Wall & Bardgett, 2013). This property distinguishes soil from other natural bodies, such as barren stone, which cannot contain two major factors required for sustaining life – water and mineral elements. Soil is the most important component of every terrestrial biocenosis (i.e., animal, plant, fungi, and microorganism aggregate united by their environment and inhabiting a particular land or water area) (Wall & Bardgett, 2013). It is also a vital element of the Earth’s biosphere as a whole – the soil cover allows the maintenance of multiple ecological links among all organisms living across different terrestrial layers including the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere. Soil plays a significant role in various human economic activities such as agriculture and household. For this reason, we should be aware of soil properties, as well as the factors contributing to its formation or deterioration, because the given information is essential to resolving multiple healthcare, ecological, and urban planning issues. Factors Contributing to Soil Erosion Soil erosion is the process of destruction of the surface land layers which are characterized by the highest degree of fertility (Toy, Foster, & Renard, 2013). Soil erosion can be either natural or accelerated, i.e., anthropogenic. When occurs naturally, erosion proceeds at a very slow pace and usually does not result in a significant decrease in soil fertility. The accelerated type of erosion implies an irrational use of land and is associated with activation and amplification of natural erosive processes. The irrational use of land includes such activities as inadequate soil treatment and irrigation, the excess input of fertilizers, grazing, deforestation, swamp drying, and so on. Two major natural factors that determine soil erosion are wind and water. Wind erosion, also known as aeolian processes, is defined by researchers as “the emission, transport, and deposition of sand and dust by the wind” (Kok, Parteli, Michaels, & Karam, 2012, p. 4). The strongest and the most enduring winds turn into dust storms which can take off a large part of the nutrient-rich surface soil layer in a relatively short period of time. The important impacts of dust emission are the reduction of soil fertility and the consequent contribution to the desertification and reduced agricultural productivity (Kok et al., 2012). Additionally, wind erosion changes the composition of the troposphere and, in this way, negatively affects the health of individuals who frequently inhale dust aerosols. Water erosion implies the destruction and flushing of the surface land layers under the influence of water flows. The ecological impact of water erosion is large – it leads to the formation of gullies and