ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction We live in a society that is characterized by rapid social, economic, technological and cultural changes. As such, we find that we have to adapt to the change occurring around us in order to survive through different situations. Rubin (2000) defines a society as a social group in which members coexist, endure and cooperate by developing interactive relationships with each other. In America, the different roles played by members define our society. In most cases, these roles are gender based. However, over the past fewdecades, gender roles in the American society have undergone rapid and significant changes. With these considerations, this paper shall set out to explore how gender roles affect a woman’s professional and personal life in America today. This shall be done by performing a gender analysis and a personal reflection on the topic. A brief look at the roles played by women in previous centuries shall be provided as a basis for comparison. A historical overview of women’s roles in America In most historical accounts, women have been portrayed as the “weaker sex”. As such, their roles in society were limited to household duties such as cleaning, shopping, bearing and nurturing children and farming. It was not until the colonial period when women roles in society experienced a major change. During the colonial period, America had a serious labor deficit. This led to a situation where the contribution of women was pivotal to the survival of their families and nation. As a result, women were no longer restricted to household chores and they had an opportunity to venture out,and try different approaches to life. Consequently, women in today’s society have diverse roles, which include both the traditional and non-traditional roles. As such, women in today’s society can be categorized as entrepreneurs, working class and housewives. Each category has different roles that impact how the women behave personally and professionally. However, due to hard economic times, the prevalence of women in these categories has changed significantly. More women are getting higher education and joining the American workforce, while fewer women settle for being housewives (Carter, Corra & Carter, 2009). Gender Roles of W
Introduction The quality of one’s future after retirement primarily depends on the amount of savings or wealth they accumulated during their early working days. Therefore, because of the unpredictability of the economy, proper planning for retirement is one of the primary things that every American citizen should endeavor to do, because failure to do this can be very detrimental to one’s quality of life after retirement. As compared to the past when it was simple to approximate the amount of funds that were necessary to sustain individuals throughout their old age, currently, the instability of the economy has made this task almost impossible, as result of the ever-changing cost of living. Over the recent past, prices of essential commodities, transportation, health and primary care has risen drastically, and because likelihoods of this trend persisting to the future is high, it becomes important for individuals to adopt better saving options for their retirement. Although there are many schemes of saving for retirement, most Americans have put their entire hopes on social security as their primary way of saving, with little consideration of its shortcomings. The stability of social security scheme has been one of the most debated issues by the elite class, because of its deficits in meeting all its clients’ retirement needs. For example, as research studies show, social security only caters for approximately 60% of an elderly person’ needs; hence, heavy reliance on this program can greatly jeopardize one’s quality life after retirement, if they solely depend on only this program’s funds (Pond, 2010, p.1). Considering this, it is important for workers to reformulate their retirement saving plans, by starting to save early and adopting new and better saving plans, which will give them an opportunity of accumulating real wealth that is enough to cater for their retirement needs. Why Save for Retirement starting from Now In formulating retirement plans, most individuals primarily target particular retirement ages, with little consideration of the fact that, likelihoods of uncertainties occurring, which may force them to retire early are high. In addition, with the current economic situation, regardless of the reliability of the method used to approximate the amount of savings that individual will need for their life after retirement, most of these methods never account for the numerous economic changes that may alter the an individuals spending habits, amount of expenses, and general lifestyle. In any economic situation, because inflation is inevitable, failing to cater for economic uncertainties that are likely to occur in the future, hence save enough funds to cater for them, can greatly jeopardize a retiree’s life. This makes it necessary, for individuals to start saving immediately after they start working, it being one of the primary methods of ensuring they would have saved enough for retirement, incase they are weak or not able to work during their late adulthood ages. By 2003, as indicated by research studies, approximately two out
Introduction This paper is about an interview conducted with a potential employee for a job in an organization which core business is to serve children and families. The interview was conducted by two people, namely the human resource supervisor at the company, and another person who would act as an external reviewer for the process. The aim was to check how relevant the individual was to the organization. Since the organization deals with children and family, the main focus is to be on the individual’s personality and how he or she carries out him or herself. The two interviewers would then share their notes on the same. The interview was carried out by the external assessor, while the human resource supervisor was also charged with making observations. Patterns that have been noted by the human service supervisor There was one thing that stood out, particularly the way that both the interviewer and the interviewee introduced themselves to one another. It was appropriate since it showed that the staff has the etiquette desirable for this kind of job. In as much as the interviewer was not all that confident, the interviewee also had a problem with the same thing. This can however be excused for people who had not done this sort of things before, or had not done many of these things enough to overcome their nervousness. Something that is encouraging for this case is how both parties, the interviewer and the interviewee, did not come out as being too aggressive. The interviewer and the interviewee gave one another time to articulate their issues and no one did interrupt the other during the interview process. Finally, the body language of the interviewer even though, can be classified as sufficient, needs a little improvement to instill the desired level of respect from the potential staff interviewee. Among the verbal responses that can be said to form a pattern is the claim by every interviewee that they did some voluntary work during their high school and college days. The kind of research that was done by both the interviewer and interviewee for the process was above board. Another pattern is the desire of the interviewees to become administrators in the long term in their careers. Patterns of response noted by guest –reviewers in the interview The interviewee had no questions to ask the interviews during the interview. For both interviewers’, the interviewee appeared to be a good listener to whatever was asked and did not in any instance asked for any of the questions to be repeated. It is critical to note that the interviewee was able to maintain his level of calmness even under the level of the pressure that he was subjected to during the process of interview. He was not overly aggressive when criticized about certain things, but instead sought to make the necessary corrections in case misunderstanding occurred during the process, which is a good
Pollock’s painting Blue Poles , also known as Number 11, 1952 , glorified its author as an abstract expressionist. It is written on canvas with enamel and aluminum paint with glass (Pollock, 1952). The artist introduced a radically new style and surprised people. This style is still incomprehensible to part of the audience and is perceived critically. Moreover, the painting has a controversial history of creation but paved the way for bold and innovative actions in art (National Gallery of Australia (NGA), 2018). Even though the canvas seems careless, its elements are carefully thought out. Blue poles , at first glance, may seem like a work of no value, like inked canvas. However, a detailed study of the picture showed fractal nature in patterns, thereby proving the painting’s value (Alvarez-Ramirez et al., 2019; Messham-Muir, 2015). Thoughtful and accurate patterns, their complexity in composition also indicates that Pollock entirely painted the picture despite suspicions of other artists’ involvement (NGA, 2018). According to Wolfe (n.d.), the formation of such a drip-style of the artist was influenced by World War II events. Unable to reflect on all the horrors of the war or facing a creative impasse after the horrible events, artists could not engage in fine art. Pollock, in turn, came up with “action painting,” which gave him freedom in expression (Wolfe, AD). The technique became popular, revealing a new art page. Blue poles are also a reflection of the artist’s internal state. According to Messham-Muir (2015), the picture is a psychological manifestation, while the artist suffered from depression at that time. I would like to share the approach of Messham-Muir (2015), not asking typical questions about whether everyone can do such a thing but considering the context and what the artist puts into his work. Although these connections do not relate to my life, I believe that events like those that influenced Pollock are essential. War, or other traumatic circumstances such as terrorism, are reflected in the internal state of people. As a result, the artist suffered from depression, and in other people, such confusion can cause similar disorders. The picture simultaneously reflects the entanglement of life, trauma, consciousness, and chaos. This work was not censored by the government, as its controversy is manifested in style and not in the image. Censorship is a rather matter of dispute as it may limit creativity and its manifestations, and for this reason, its application to art, I consider unjustified. However, the role in this issue is also played by the division of what is an art and what is not. For example, the use of artists and their works for propaganda and manipulation can be limited through censorship. Thus, the Blue Poles created by Jackson Pollock demonstrate his unique style, his invention of “ac
Introduction Cuero limited, is a company that is involved in the manufacture of shoes and has 3 factories for manufacture that include Catesby factory, Kilsby factory and the Buckhorn Weston factory. The company is also involved in retailing, distribution of shoes materials and the operations of a mail order business. The purchasing and supply performance of any company has a tremendous impact on the general performance and returns of the business. This is because it determines the effectiveness, cost of sales and the overheads incurred by the business. Cuero Limited Taking a look at the performance of the purchasing and supply performance of Cuero ltd, it can be said that it is not efficient, cost effective and convenient. To begin with, the many retail chains (60) lead to the high cost of delivering goods to the shops. There is also delay of supply of the products to the shops at some time and this leads to shortages where demand is instantaneous. Further, the many retail shops incur high operations costs compared to the income they derive making them non profitable. It is therefore necessary for Cuero ltd to review their retailing duty by either outsourcing retailing to other firms. This would relieve the company the burden of distribution and as well make it possible to concentrate only in production. Supply chain of Cuero limited The supply of raw materials e.g. skin and nails has been favorable for the company’s needs. This is due to the fact that the company gets its supply from the nearby factories. The supply of solvents from Indonesia on the other hand will entail high cost implications as it will involve high transportation and importation costs which will deflate the company’s earnings. It would be thus recommended that the company should only get involved in the purchase of skin and nails which are from nearby factories while the purchase of solvents should be entirely tendered to other autonomous firms in order to reduce the purchase costs. In addition, Cuero ltd needs to tender its distribution centre (Balcombe) to get rid of the costs of distribution to its shops. The cost of maintenance of the Lorries proved to be high making the company incur high costs. Lorries were also at times making late deliveries resulting into a clash between the drivers and gate security staff. Again, it is worth noting that the scheduled was on an inflexible plan. Moreover, it led to a mismatch in the supply and demand. The location of the deport thirty miles away from the nearest motorway would also be inconvenient for fast deliveries. To mitigate the losses, Cuero ltd should ensure that the Lorries are in a proper state and that the supply is matched with the demand. The company should also consider the idea of outsourcing the service to avoid the cost of maintaining
Introduction Leadership is an important process in team management. It is always important to understand the characteristic of self and that of team members in order to offer effective leadership. By understanding the personal characteristics and of the other team members, a leader will be able to understand the strengths and weaknesses in order to find a way of achieving success in addressing the specific duties. In this learning group, there are four members; they include Elizabeth, Jason, Rachel, and I. Each one of us has unique characteristics which make us diversified in our capabilities. Where one of us has weaknesses, the others may have strengths, and this makes it possible to address various challenges as a team. As a leader, I need to analyze these characteristics in order to determine how we can address different tasks, and how we can help one another overcome some of the personal challenges that may affect our career (Rughani, Franklin & Dixon, 2003). In this assignment, I seek to develop a plan that will address the characteristics of the group and me as the leader of the learning team. Combined DISC Chart of the Learning Team Members The group members have taken their time to generate their DISC profile based on the specific questions that were set for them. The following is a combined DISC chart of my Learning Team members. Figure 1: Combined DISC Chart The characteristics of the team The chart above shows the characteristics of the team. It is clear that the four team members have different traits that make each one unique. When describing the characteristics of the team, it would be important to look at the composition of the personality and behavior of the different members. The chart shows that this team has the right composition that it needs in order to succeed. Each of the four members do not share the personality trait as given by DISC assessment. In each of the four personality traits described in the D
Introduction History The Costa Coffee is a UK based firm that has spread its wings worldwide. It is a fully owned subsidiary of a company known as Whitbread, which it fully controls. Costa Coffee is rated highly among other coffeehouses globally, where it follows Starbucks in size. However, it is the market leader in the UK. The coffeehouse was set up in 1971 by the Costa brothers, Sergio and Bruno. Initially, Costa Coffee started as a wholesale supplier of roasted coffee. It used to supply to Italian coffee shops, as well as other caterers. The company was acquired by Whitbread in the year 1995. It has grown tremendously since its inception and today it owns over 2800 stores that are spread over 30 countries globally. In the United Kingdom, Costa Coffee owns about 1750 restaurants and approximately 3500 Costa Express. In addition, it owns about 1100 outlets in the overseas countries (Costa, 2013). After starting as a distributor of roasted coffee, Costa Coffee started retailing coffee in the year 1978. Its first store was located in Vauxhall Bridge Road in London. Its 1000 th store was opened in Cardiff in the year 2009. It also went on to acquire Coffee Heaven for a reported amount of £36 million and then added about 79 outlets around Europe. Generally, Costa Coffee is a big company and has been highly successful in its operation, a feat that can be attributed to its excellent management and leadership (Costa, 2013). Industry Costa Coffee operates in an industry that is highly competitive. The restaurant industry, despite being one of the busiest in the markets, is also one of the most competitive. The industry’s growth was fueled by the lifestyle changes that were created by the Italian living. The food industry is a big industry in the United Kingdom, which is ranked 5 th among the best and most profitable industries (Costa, 2013). The major factor why the food industry is big in the United Kingdom is because it is easy to enter. This also happens to be the major factor why Costa Coffee has been able to thrive in Europe. Location The location of a business is very essential for its success. For instance, a company that is allocated in a well-populated area is likely to do better than one that is located in a scarcely populated area because the former has access to more potential customers. The location of Costa Coffee has been a favorable factor towards its success. First, it operates over 1750 outlets in the United Kingdom. In the international market, the company is operating in over 30 countries and has about 1100 stores. Most of its stores are found in the busy streets of the countries in which it is operating. The company has also set up shop in retail stores like Tesco, cinemas like the Odeon, as well as hotels like the Marriott Hotels, among other strategic locations that experience a high traffic of people. In addition, the company has stores in some hospitals (Costa, 2013). These locations have played a key role in the success of Costa Coffee because they enable it to be accessible to many people. Competition As mentioned earlier, Costa Coffee operates in an in
Much of modern research is dedicated to studying factors that influence the health and neurodevelopment of children. Preterm birth, defined as birth before 37 completed weeks of gestation, has been discerned as a global epidemic with significant psychosocial, economic and physical effects. The 2019 study “Poverty, Toxic Stress, and Education in Children Born Preterm” aims to determine the statistical relationship between premature births and developmental issues. The study is an interesting basis for further research but is ultimately undermined by its inefficient design. Research problem The problem statement is easily located with a simple read-through of the introduction. Kelly and Li (2019) are concerned with the lack of research about poverty and toxic stress affecting the neurodevelopment of preterm children. There is clear significance to the question, given that an estimated 15 million babies are born preterm every year, and the number is expected to increase (Wallani, 2020). In case of a definite correlation between preterm births and developmental delays, adequa
Introduction A neurotransmitter receptor can be defined as a receptor membrane made of protein. A neurotransmitter receptor gets activated when a neurotransmitter binds to it. In a normal case, a lipid layer enclosing a cell interacts with the membrane protein. Further, an interaction takes place between a neurotransmitter and a chemical found in the external environment of a cell (Webster, 2001). Neurotransmitter receptors found in glial and neuronal cells enable communication between cells via chemical signals. A neurotransmitter is a chemical that enables signal transmission from neurons to target cells through a synapse. Neurotransmitters are packed in synaptic vesicles which are found in clusters below the neurotransmitter receptor on the side of the presynaptic side. From the presynaptic side, the neurotransmitters cross the synaptic cleft to the postsynaptic membrane. The process involved in the synthesis and degradation of
Introduction: The Sociology of Religion as a New Interpretation of Theological Issues Weirdly enough, the idea of studying human race in general and the phenomenon of society in particular is rather recent. Having appeared in the XIX century, however, it has become one of the major fields of social sciences. Indeed, researches on the subject of the factors that predetermine people’s behavior, shape their character and serve as the causes of people’s actions is rather intriguing. However, after studying the key elements that have the greatest impact on society, the humankind has come up to a peculiar conclusion that religion takes a very important part of an individual’s life in society. Even atheists have pondered religious issues once before deciding not to be converted to any of the major religions. Moreover, the attitudes towards religion in a specific society can shape the life of an individual greatly. Hence, the need in the sociology of religion appears to study the impact that religion has on society and its members. Sociology of Religion: Definition and Examples. Pinning Down the Essence of the Phenomenon There are many ways to define the phenomenon of sociology of religion. However, it is important to mention that the search for the right definition is rather hard in the given case, mostly because the issue in question embraces two extremely broad notions, i.e., sociology and religion. Hence, to define the phenomenon under discussion, it is required to denote the two above-mentioned terms. According to the popular definition, sociology is the social science that focuses on the development of society and the processes that take place in society, as well as the relationships between its members. In its turn, religion can be defined as a social phenomenon that incorporates a system of beliefs and relates to spirituality. It is essential to mention that religion often provides a set of moral value and norms for its adepts to follow. With that in mind, one can come up with a proper definition for the sociology of religion. Offering a completely objective evaluation of the impact of any religion on any society, sociology of religion presupposes the study of the effects that religion has on a particular society, the way it shapes the behavior of the members of the given society and how religion helps create certain moral values within the given society. In a very basic way, sociology of religion is the study of how religion shapes the communication between the members of a specific society. The Significance of the Subject: When Religion Must Be Considered from a Social Standpoint As it can be deduced from the definition offered above, religion plays quite an important role in an average society. It affects people, their lives, the way they behave, communi