ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Works of art are subject to discussions about the meaning the artists put in them. However, old artifacts present an additional side for analysis as they provide insight into how people lived in that period of time. When it comes to discussing what the life of a woman consisted of in the prehistoric era, the most commonly consulted artworks are the Venus figurines of the upper Paleolithic period. These statuettes are “the oldest known representations of the human female form” as they were created circa 35,000–21,000 BCE (Dixson & Dixson, 2011, p. 1). Due to the limited knowledge of this time, there are many interpretations of what the Venus figurines represent. The purpose of this paper is to analyze these theories, particularly in relation to the Venus of Willendorf, which is the most frequently mentioned out of the statuettes. Information on the Venus of Willendorf The Venus of Willendorf is a statuette that is 4.5 inches tall and made out of limestone. It was found in modern Austria, at an excavation site near the city of Willendorf, and is currently displayed in the Museum of Natural History in Vienne. It is believed to have been created circa 28,000–25,000 BCE. The form of the Venus of Willendorf is consistent with that of other Venus figurines as the portrayed woman has an exaggerated figure with wide hips, bordering on obesity. Additionally, the statuettes have a small head and no face, feet, or arms. The Significance of the Venus Figurines to European Cultures Due to the fact that the exact purpose of the Venus figurines alludes to scientists, it is not clear what their definite significance was to European Paleolithic culture. However, due to the particularities of their forms, the large area where they were found, and the sheer number of existing copies, they provide insight into what life looked like in the prehistoric era. The following subsections discuss the possible roles the figurines played in European Paleolithic culture and what significance they had for it. Fertility Talismans The Venus figurines predate the mythological figure for which they are named. However, the reason behind this connection is the fact that one of the functions of this Roman goddess is fertility. Many researchers have proposed that the exaggeration of the statuettes’ forms was used as a talisman for reproductive purposes. Additionally, this could explain the lack of feet that would allow this symbol to be pegged into the ground. However, it is notable to note that while most Venus figurines are female, historians have discovered ones that were either androgynous or decidedly male (Beck, 2000, p. 203). While this can put the validity of this theory into question, it can imply that men’s health was considered equally important for reproductive purposes. Self-Portraits of Women Another possible interpretation of the forms represented by the Venus figurines is relatively straightforward. Several researchers have proposed that women of that time looked this way. Alternatively, the form shared by the Venus figurines could have been considered the ideal female
Introduction Several years ago many people argued that business and design do not go hand in hand. For instance, Richard Sapper, German designer, stated that in many firms “design decisions are in the hands of people without the slightest knowledge of the subject”. [1] Nowadays corporations address professionals to make their spaces profitable. It is not only about stores or restaurants. The heads of corporations understand that people working in an appropriate environment can do and do more. Thus, when McKinsey & Company decided to occupy the top floor of the famous Piano’s Nemo Museum of Science, they addressed professionals who managed to turn the museum space into a working place. [2] The company who made this design miracle is Veldhoen + Company. [3] The company has carried out a project for Marsh, “insurance brokers and risk consultants”. [4] They created a new concept for the company’s work place. It is important to note that Veldhoen + Company focus on technology, so it was not that difficult for them to reshape Piano’s space. Piano “established technology as a starting point for his designs”. [5] Thus, McKinsey & Company office is realization of two major ideas: the use of technology and working inspiration. Historical Introduction McKinsey & Company needed an office where employees would be creative and hardworking [6] . They addressed Veldhoen + Company that had enough experience to complete the project. Moreover, the vision of the two companies coincide: both of them understand that creative working place is favorable for the working environment [7] . It is necessary to point out that both companies shared their views and ideas which enabled Veldhoen + Company accomplish the project which met all requirements and longings of McKinsey & Company [8] . Spatial organization and planning As far as spatial organization is concerned it is necessary to point out that Veldhoen + Company were to create a brand new project. The building’s “unusual form, which includes rounded shapes, slanting walls and ceilings 15 metres high” [9] . The office occupied the entire top floor of the Nemo Science Museum. Piano paid much attention to every detail and he realized a major idea rather than constructed a building. [10] Piano once said: It’s not because I believe that technology is more important than everything else, I just believe that there is a poetry of making things. And beauty also comes from the well-crafted bearing of a building. [11] Piano realized the idea of a ship, so Veldhoen + Company should create a space within a ship. They had a large space (900 square meters) shaped like a ship to create an office (pic.1). [12] The architects have divided the space into numerous working spaces: multi-functu
The COVID-19 pandemic has created a fertile ground for financial crime to thrive. As the number of infections continues to increase, most governments have tightened labor mobility restrictions in a bid to contain the virus. However, this policy response has caused economic uncertainty and massive stock-market drop, making firms and individuals more vulnerable to fraud. Assessing key forms of financial crime prevalent during this unique economic situation can inform due diligence measures to reduce the risk. Cybercrime Increased COVID-19 cybercrime risks require that firms enhance customer due diligence procedures to guard against identity theft and data loss. With banking institutions moving monetary transactions online and employees and students working or learning remotely, the risk of cyber-attacks and identity theft has increased (Galvao et al., 2020). Virtual private networks (VPNs) have become important to organizations and schools. As a result, VPNs are now the target of phishing and denial of service attacks (Deloitte, 2020a). Cybercriminals send malicious spams and ransomware disguised as legitimate brands to deceive employees and clients. End users downloading applications meant to combat the pandemic are also at risk of such attacks. Sensitizing staff to be more cautious when clicking on hyperlinks or emails with COVID-19 content and enhancing the security of VPN services would ensure the security of data and reduce this threat. Supply Chain Fraud The supply chain (SC) disruption occasioned by the COVID-19 pandemic has compelled firms to look for different suppliers urgently. Engaging new third parties without proper scrutiny poses the risk of contracting disreputable organizations (Deloitte, 2020b). Further, working with different suppliers with a lower capacity to supply the volume needed can affect inventory levels. One emerging SC fraud includes fraudsters receiving payment and failing to deliver the goods (Deloitte, 2020b). Organizations have been defrauded this way when purchasing products presently in high demand, such as alcohol gels and facemasks. Identifying genuine suppliers has been a problem. For this reason, some UAE firms have adopted the blockchain technology to address vulnerabilities in the supply chains. For example, Saudi Aramco has used the Blockchain Deployment Toolkit to manage suppliers and verify their credentials (Lacina, 2020). The technology has enhanced efficiency, decreased verification time, and helped reduce supply chain fraud. Investment Scams While various industries are grappling with challenges of reduced operations, closure, and revenue decline, the healthcare sector has received more investment to bolster efforts to combat the p
Introduction There are many differences between the vicarious liabilities a corporate criminal liability. Vicarious liability arises when one person commits torts and the principal is held liable. The wrong doer is reliable to the injured person but the other person possibly the principal jointly becomes liable to compensate the injured party. It is upon the injured party to choose to sue the tortfeasors. If the other party was acting on behalf of a known principle it will be advisable for third party to sue them jointly rather suing one. The concept of vicarious liability is based on the rule that employees usually do not have the capacity to incur damages therefore it is in order for the injured party to sue both parties the employee and the employer if the employee committed the tort while in the cause of employment. In the hospital if a nurse commits a tort the hospital will be liable for the torts committed by a nurse or a doctor in the course of employment. Take for example; there was a case that was covered in the CNN where a doctor negligently forgot a surgical blade in the stomach of a patient in one of the African countries. The hospital was held liable for negligence of the doctor. The other example is where a nurse negligently, injected a patient in the wrong vein. It caused the patients hand to be amputated. In this case the hospital was held liable. In a case, of Lester Vs Ramford Ice and cold storage co. ltd, 1957. (Hussein A, 69) L, a lorry-driver employed by the company reversed his lorry negligently and knocked down his own father who was also employed by the same company. The father recovered damages from the company for the negligent act of its employee, the company however succeeded in recovering damages from L because L had broken his obligation to the company to
According to Daniel Pink in his book A Whole New Mind, both the left brain and the right brain need to be put into action for a business or an individual to be successful. The right brain is represents the creative side while the left brain is the analytical, sequential and intellectual side. Design is a combination of utility (has to work) and significance (has some other kind of attribute). Utility means that the product has to perform the task which it’s meant to perform while significance implies that it has to have some other kind of relevant attribute. The following are some examples of brilliant and terrible designs. Brilliant designs Michael Graves’ toilet brush The toilet brush and other toilet cleaning tools designed by Michael Graves are examples of brilliant designs. Not only do they perform the task that they are meant to perform, they also have significance in their design. This is evident in their cool shade of colors and the nifty handles which enable them to be linked with other kinds of housewares. Toshiba USB Retractable Mini Mouse This Toshiba USB optical mouse has a design that’s a combination of both utility and significance. It meets its objective as a pointing device and also has a few additional attributes. Its small size and light weight enhance portability while its retractable cord reduces cable clutter on the surface which the mouse is placed on. Terrible designs Staples’ packaging of scissors The design used in packaging Tonic Studios’ pair of scissors at Staples office stores also fails to meet both aspects of utility and significance. The packaging is sleek and attractive. However, to remove the scissors, one needs another pair of scissors to cut the edge of the package. The assumption is the person who bought this pair of scissors had no extra pair. Apple’s Mighty Mouse The design of Apple’s Mighty Mouse fails to meet the combination of utility and significance. In terms of usability, the design looks nice and the side buttons are helpful. However, the right click button fails to work after a short period of use. In addition, the scroll wheel gets clogged up with dirt after a while and needs to be serviced frequently for one to continue using it effectively.
Newark Beth Israel Medical Center (NBIMC), established in 1901, is a teaching hospital offering comprehensive healthcare services for the city of Newark, New Jersey (“Welcome to Newark Beth Israel Medical Center,” n.d.). The facility is considered an innovator in the healthcare of the state as it is home to numerous transplant programs, robotic surgery facilities, as well as the first hospital in NJ to develop an accredited center for sleep disorders. NBIMC is known for its work on comprehensive preventive programs that promote health and wellness in the state. Being a part of RWJBarnabas Health, which is the most extensive state-wide system of health care delivery, NBIMC has access to a variety of medical specialists and advanced technologies. The Behavioral Health Services offered at NBIMC are available to patients 24/7, including emergency screening services for both children and adults in need of a psychiatric evaluation or outpatient and inpatient behavioral services. The services that the facility offers in terms of behavioral health include the Psychiatric Crisis Hotline, programs for drug detox, school-based counseling programs, outpatient counseling for families, groups, and individuals, inpatient and partial care programs, and child crisis interventions. According to the vision of NBIMC in terms of providing behavioral health care, the organization believes that “successful outcomes are measured by the ability to withstand the test of time” (“The behavioral health network,” n.d., para. 4). With the focus on the high quality and cost-effectiveness of behavioral health programs, the facility intends not only to solve psychiatric problems that patients face but also to help them thrive and maintain well-being on the long-term basis. Currently, NBIMC manages such challenges as anxiety disorders, depression, bipolar and other mood disorders, addiction, eating and panic disorders, PTSD, suicide, postpartum depression, and geriatric psychology. The vast range of behavioral health issues covered by the organization suggests that the potential for the professional development of specialists in the field that would work at the organization. The all-encompassing nature of behavioral health care services shows that the organization pays attention to the behavioral well-being of New Jersey’s population. Whether through the range of inpatient programs or structured outpatient care, the needs of NBIMC patients are expected to be fully realized and met. Overall, the institution represents excellent opportunities for further work, training, and education. Being a teaching hospital, NBIMC will be engaging in terms of empowering
Introduction Internet marketing has played a major role in expanding the market shares for companies across the globe. Customers use internet-based online purchasing to acquire the commodities in the market. They use it as a means of saving time and to get a wide range of options for goods and prices for the goods. Through the internet, the customers are able to explore the different products and company brands that are available in the market as well as their prices and therefore have the opportunity to make choices that suit their preferences and their financial capabilities. Although companies have many marketing and distribution channels to market and sell their brands, internet-based online distribution channels are growing at a fast rate considering that today, we are in a globalized market. Companies employ internet-based online marketing to achieve market segmentation and positioning to target specific market areas so as to increase their market shares and therefore optimize profit. The internet-based online marketing has significantly changed the role of customers in the service industry. They have taken an active role in determining value creation. Services industries therefore have to balance trade-offs to achieve benefits while making sacrifices that favour their customers. The airline industry is among the services industries that have applied internet-based online marketing strategy in the United Arab Emirates to achieve their marketing goals. One such airline company that applies internet-online based is Continental Airlines. Its airline industry data shows that online marketing has penetrated the leisure travel market as well as the low-fare market (Brunger 66). Although the company’s internet distribution channels yield lower revenue as compared to its revenues from traditional travel agencies by a significant percentage, the data available shows that internet distribution channels are fast catching up in the market. Purpose and Scope The aim of this study is to analyse Continental’s organizational effectiveness in implementing internet-based online marketing strategy. The paper examines the effect of the internet on the company’s marketing and the company’s ability to effectively explore the internet in the evolving role of marketing. The paper examines how the company uses the internet for pricing management as well as for product management. It explores Continental Airlines ability to apply internet-based online marketing to achieve market segmentation and positioning as well as market targeting. It discusses the company’s market research and analysis through the use of the characteristics of its online travel agency and traditional agency customers to expand its
One of the reviewed projects is about the intention of Saudi Arabia to build an entertainment city. The project has all characteristic features. First of all, it has a stated timeline. The project is to begin in 2018 and is going to finish in 2022. Secondly, the desired outcome is outlined. Thus, it is expected that this city will become a notable cultural sight and contribute to various needs of the kingdom and its citizens. Finally, its unique character includes plans for building a safari and a theme park. Moreover, it is going to be one of the biggest similar facilities. The second project involves the launch of the Dubai Bellevue Towers residential project in Dubai. The features that make it a project are as follows. The estimated time of completion is 2019. The desired outcome includes the exact number of one, two, and three-bedroom apartments together with penthouses. Its unique character is in a big area that will be occupied (67,000 square meters) with a children’s playground and pool. The following part presents the scope management of the entertainment city project in Saudi Arabia. Project Objective The project objective includes building an entertainment city with an area of 334 square kilometers not far from Riyadh, the capital city. The place will provide facilities for recreation, culture, and sport. Moreover, it will include a safari and Six Flag theme park. Major Deliverables  1. A business plan with clearly stated finance part.  2. A transportation scheme should be developed since the facilities will be located outside the city.  3. The implementation timeline for every part of the project should be designed. Significant Milestones The project is a part of Vision 2030 provided by the Kingdom. The project will provide not only entertainment as the majority of similar parks do. It will facilitate sports and recreation activities, thus contributing to the general well-being of the citizens. The project is going to reduce the dependence of Saudi Arabia on oil and become another source of income for the country. The entertainment sector is not well developed in the country and thus provides broad perspectives. Such facilities will provide new jobs for citizens. Limits or Exclusions to the Scope  1. Previously theme parks such as Six Flags were mainly aimed at children. Thus such a big facility can lack visitors.  2. Since the country is an Islamic kingdom with strict gender segregation and social code, the possible interest of the adult population in the theme park should be carefully assessed.  3. A religious component should be considered. In a conservative religious country such as Saudi Arabia, an entertainment park cannot be accepted by the religious population. Major Stakeholder A major stakeholder on this project is going to be the kingdom’s Public Investment Fund. The Fund is planning to invest in the project together with other local and foreign investors. Concerns that Stakeholders Might Discuss in a Scope Review Meeting The concerns to discuss at the Scope Review Meeting include the following. First of all, the potential o
Introduction Peace is a broad subject that has been a course for concern throughout the history of mankind. All civilizations have had peace as one of their topmost agendas in their quest for a better quality of life. The subject of peace has been addressed across religions, nationalities, and cultures. Also, some of the most popular icons throughout the history of humankind have tried to preach peace including Jesus, Buddha, Gandhi, and Martin Luther. Most cultures’ “commitment to faith in God and the religious experience is inextricably linked to the centrality of peace to most, if not all, major religions” (Johnson 2007, p. 20). In modern times, the quest for peaceful co-existence among human beings has been encompassed into a discipline namely ‘Peace Studies’. Peace studies aim to formulate ‘ideas, better solutions, and vital answers’ that have the capacity of bringing harmony among the populous. In modern times, militarism stands in contrast to peace. On most occasions, a people’s commitment to a path of peaceful co-existence is usually guaranteed by societal militarism. However, most areas of studies within the subject of peace provide solutions to the current prominence of societal militarism. This essay explains how peace studies have proposed to deal with the problem of societal militarism. The paper begins with an exploration of the concept of societal militarism and then shows how peace studies can counter this social problem. Militarism Militarism lacks a universal definition but its explorers have come up with the common characteristics that apply to the concept. Consequently, militarism has mostly been associated with statehood and politics. One scholar makes a distinction between ‘the military way’ and militarism whereas the former “is simply a focused effort to win a particular war with the least amount of bloodshed while the latter signifies a ra