Development in the human population is dependent on the ability of human beings to reproduce. Commentators on human population in the past have voiced concern about a possible population explosion due to increasing fertility levels among humans. Yet recent developments have raised concerns that are the exact reverse of these old concerns. Human population increases have been on the decline and, while female infertility has had its share contribution to this, male infertility has been identified as a major contributor to this state of affairs. While many factors contribute to male infertility to what extent do modern lifestyles, which are marked by consumption of nutritionally deficient food, contribute to the problem? Infertility defined Infertility is defined as the failure of a couple to become pregnant after one year of unprotected sexual intercourse (Tarkan 2009). Infertility, according to Tarkan (2009), has been given many names including barrenness and the inability to conceive. While traditional stereotypes have tended to place the burden of inability to conceive on the woman, recent developments have shown that men, increasingly, have their fair share of contribution to problems of conception. When a couple has had unprotected sex for a period of one year and pregnancy is not achieved, this could be indicative of infertility “on one or both sexual partners” (“Male Infertility”, 2008). That men are significant contributors to the crisis of infertility is indicated by the fact that 40% of such cases are the result of problems with the male semen (“Male Infertility”, 2008). Causes of male infertility Male infertility is caused by several factors. At the outset, it is important to point out that the causes of this condition, many as they are, have not been conclusively studied and research on the definite causes of male infertility is ongoing. This, however, does not mean that doctors’ opinions on the causes of male infertility are mere speculation. On the contrary, much data has been collected on this condition so that doctors are able to address the problem of male infertility with a fair degree of confidence. To understand male infertility, it would be prudent to compare it with male fertility. Mason (1993) offers a guideline on male fertility that makes the understanding of infertility easier. “A broad definition of male fertility includes sperm production, sperm quality and transport mechanisms” (Mason 1993). Those three factors contribute immensely to cases of male infertility. Sperm production For a man to impregnate a woman there must be sexual activity and the production of sperm. Performance of the sexual act regularly is not only necessary for production of sperm but also aids in the enhancement of the movement of sperm. According to Mason (1993) therefore, regular sex improves chances of conception for the child-seeking couple than abstinence. Tied to this is the fact that regular ejaculation improves sperm production and therefore increases the chances of conception. For this reason, lack of regular sex should be considered a possible cause of male infertility. Not only should the man be able to produce sperm, he should be ab