ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
People often try to find their place in the society. Some feel comfortable when they achieve this and some tend to escape from people and live out of the society (or maybe beyond). People may have different reasons to avoid or long for the society. Some tend to live in the orderly manner with specific rules that help them be successful. Others may try to escape from rules and conventions as they are against such limitations of individual freedoms. It has been acknowledged that literary works are reflection of the reality. Therefore, it can be interesting to consider three famous literary characters, Frankenstein, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, who had quite specific views on the society, and who can be seen as some archetypes that also exist in the real world. It is possible to start the analysis with Dr. Jekyll who pertained to the first group, the group of those who are eager to adhere to societal norms. The doctor had numerous friends, he was “their familiar guest and entertainer” and “he had always been known for charities” (Stevenson 22). Clearly, the doctor strived for being a part of the society. He paid specific attention to his “honour” as he did not want to expose his secret (Stevenson 36). He shared values of people he lived with. He was an exemplary citizen who earned respect and even admiration. Remarkably, his desire to fit in made him carry out an experiment that made him an outlaw. He “stood already committed to a profound duplicity of life” and he decided to remove all the veils from his character so that he was a perfect member of the perfect society (Stevenson 42). In other words, he truly shared values of the society he lived in and tried to conform to conventions based on the values. At the same time, some part of his personality was against certain rules and deemed they were unnatural. The doctor found the way to divide his personality but the result was unexpected and, instead of a perfectly moral citizen, he created an immoral outlaw. Mr. Hyde, who was the newly created member of the society, seemed to be against all possible rules and found specific pleasure in breaking them in the most vicious manner. This character is described as a person, who “alone in the ranks of mankind, was pure evil” (Stevenson 45). Mr. Hyde was not eager to become a part of the community and he tended to avoid communication with members of the society he lived in. More about Frankenstein Who Was the Youngest Alphonse Frankenstein’s Son? 5 185 How Many Frankenstein Plays Exist? 5 161 What Was Victor Frankenstein’s Laboratory Like? 4.7 2791 How is Foreshadowing Used in Frankenstein? 5 146 What Major Event Occurs in Frankenstein’s Life when He Is 17 Years Old? 4.2 1153 Why is Henry Clerval’s Death important in Frankenstein? 5 2326 He wanted to be a part of the other world where societ
Introduction The heroism which some individuals demonstrate in the face of critical social situations continues to amaze people from every social and economic background. Nowadays, the actions associated with empathy and altruism confuse many researchers in the fields of the social studies and biology, and they thus now regard this phenomenon as a “persistent puzzle” (Simpson & Willer, 2008). In other words, prosocial behaviour (PB) is not consistent with the traditional evolutionary theoretical framework scientific and the evidence accumulated in the previous investigation of human nature and the behaviour of biological organisms. PB contradicts the well-known theory of biological evolution, which is grounded in the idea that only the strongest and the most ruthless survives in the highly competitive and dangerous environment. The phenomenon of PB began to draw the attention of social psychologists in 1660’s when the murder of Kitty Genovese took place in New York in 1964. The researchers became interested in the fact that the murder was witnessed by thirty-seven people, but nobody had called the police or made any effort to help the young woman (Griggs, 2015). The lack of witnesses’ response to the situation was called the bystander effect or the Genovese syndrome. The experts explained the passivity of the woman’s neighbours by introducing the concepts of urban citizens’ alienation and lack of common identity. And since then, the psychologists began to investigate the conscious and unconscious motives of individuals that stimulate them to help others in more or less risky situations. The concept of PB includes a spectrum of individual’s actions varying from small-scale acts, such as the assistance for an elderly person in crossing the street, and the large-scale acts, such as the attempts to rescue another person’s life at the expense of own welfare or safety. The researchers make significant efforts to explore the major constituents of PB, and it is considered that empathic and altruistic concerns support the individuals’ PB formation and motivate them for helping others (Penner, Dovidio, Piliavin, & Schroeder, 2005). There is no doubt that the expressed empathy and altruism have multiple favourable effects on the well-being of both parties, the helping one and the one that is being helped. It is also possible to say that PB motivated by empathic concerns contributes to the increase in the social cohesion and overall quality of social performance within the community. Therefore, the further investigation of PB, empathy, and altruism is of significant importance because the future findings will help to identify the stimuli of PB and will support the promotion of the favourable behaviour in the society. The purpose of the paper is the evaluation of the role of empathy a
Chicago is the third most-populous city in the U.S. At the advent of the 20 th century major cities throughout the United States, like Chicago, New York, Detroit, and Philadelphia to name a few, received a large influx of African Americans migrating from the South as well. African Americans comprise 36.77 % of Chicago’s 2.8 million plus population with African American male constituting 13%. Race and racism has and to this day remains an indicative dynamic through which African American community; in particular the male, must be examined. Examining various status indicators throughout the last decades, the current state of African Americans should be mentioned. As of 2006 the poverty rates for African Americans are shown to be of 28%, where for wage disparities, “Full-time, year-round African American males earn 72 cents on the dollar of full-time, year-round white non-Hispanic males. As for school education, “African Americans account for over half of CPS students; they make up only 29 percent of those in competitive schools, down from 37 percent in 1995.”(DGAP, 2008). Assessing the average income of Black population in general, it can be seen that there is slight increase through the last three decades, where it was $25,642 in 1985, $28,485 in 1995 and $31,969 in 2006 (“Distribution of Household Income by Race,” 2006). Concerning the comparison in education, based on African-American Initiative executive summary, “at no other time in American history has there been more African Americans graduating from college, earning middle class and upper middle-class incomes and owning their own businesses.”(United Way, 2005). However, the statistics are still showing a wide gap, especially concerning the subject of this paper, where 62% of Chicago’s African American males drop out of high school, 50% of African American males between the ages of 16 and 22 are out of work and not in school, and 87 % of juvenile parolees are African-American males (United Way, 2005). Assessing the black population in general, the statistics are showing a great need of further examination, where The level of violence and incarceration in the eighties has witnessed a large increase by a ‘staggering’ 39 percent where the levels of homicide in cities such as Chicago showed increase in excess of 20 percent. (Booker, 2000, p. 209) “In 1960, there were 149 Black men per 100,000 population incarcerated–by 2006, this number had increased more than fourfold to 825” (Stevans, 2007). In 1999, 57% of 21,022 persons arrested were Black men. 60% were under the age of 30. According to the Chicago Department of Public Health “Black males accounted for the largest number of diagnosed HIV infections and have the highest HIV infection rate of any race/ethnicity group”. The comparison shows that despite a slight increase in the area of education and income, the statistics are still low. In the subject of violence and incarceration the situation is also unfavorable. The social prot
People who break the law are considered to have deviated from the social norms. Law breakers are those people who have committed various crimes against an individual or the society as a whole. To avoid repetition of crimes committed by the law breakers, these people should receive punishments which are related to the crimes they have committed and which bear the same weight as to the crime. More serious crimes should receive more severe punishments than those who commit crimes that create little impact to the offended. The punishments should be aimed at ensuring that people learn the lesson as well as change the offender into becoming a better person. Should all the offenders get treated the same? Even though all the criminals are the same in that they are all human beings, they should not be treated in the same manner when dealing with different crimes. There should be different ways of dealing with the offenders who have committed different crimes. For example, the drug offenders should be dealt with in such a way that they would be helped on how to do away with drug taking through a rehabilitation process. Most of the drug offenders are also drug addicts and therefore saving their lives from the addiction would be the best solution for them. The non-violent property offenders should be less fined. They should also be punished through a short period of imprisonment in order to discourage them from repeating the same mistake and also to discourage others who would have thought of committing the same crime in future. The solution to the white collar offenders would be a short period imprisonment in order to discourage the same mistake from being repeated, and also through probation. For those offenders who commit violent crimes like murder and sexual harassment, the best solution would be either to execute them or send them to long period imprisonment so that they are denied access to the society in which they are likely to cause more harm especially to those whom they suspect to have reported them to the authority. The society would also keep away from such crimes as they would have fear to go through the same. This would help to minimize the violent crimes in the society. Punishment goals for different types of offenders The punishment goal should be different for various types of crimes and offenders. This is because the crimes committed were different both in condition and reason and therefore the punishment goals should also be different for those different types’ of offenders. For example, a punishment for the same crime must take consideration of the age of the offender and prevalence for crime. A juvenile offender should be punished less severely and with the aim of correction rather than retribution or making them “pay” for their crimes. On the other hand, a mature person may be punished severely depending on the weight of the crime. A frequent offender may need to be jailed on incapacitated to avoid him repeating his actions. Different punishments: A focus on crimes Retribution as a punishment goal should focus on those crimes which are intended to “make a criminal pay”.
Definitions of intercultural interaction and its relations to history It is communications and relations between people of different cultural backgrounds that makes is an important element to human co- existence in this planet. Therefore, there is need for people between diverse cultures to interact physically economically as well as linguistically. Intercultural relations has shaped the way in which people cope when change occurs , how messages are delivered across nations as well as cultures. As Beitz (1979), intercultural interaction is more like communication amongst as well as across cultures. The difference is that, these cultures get to interact at different levels socially, politically and economically (p.1). How intercultural interactions is not a course in history However, it is true that intercultural relations to a small extent is not a course in history. As Yeh (2009) explains, this is mainly due to the reason that the intercultural interactions in history were minimal compared to the 21 st century which is reason enough for the course not to be a part of history. In addition to this, intercultural communication is currently becoming intense due to the current globalization trends that have led to intense global interconnectedness and interdependence. This has been experienced in various major sectors such as the political, social and economic sense. Economically as Brislin (2002) mentions, the number of international businesses in the form of multicultural corporations is increasing (p.34). Such corporations include the coca cola company whose main headquarters are in the United States. There are also the General motors and the wu – yi corporations which have headquarters in the United States and China as well. These multinational corporations have largely increased intercultural interactions as they establish their branches in various parts of the world including sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, this calls for the employment of good diversity of cultures including the ones of the home country. Therefore, many management schools have gone a step ahead to include cross- cultural management as a course in its curriculum. Furthermore, given the current trend in globalization, so many social factors are more accountable to the events that happened in history. For instance religion and religious culture played a big role in manipulating the religious conflicts that have been and happened in history. Evidently the historical religious conflicts between the Muslim in Pakistan and India were as a result of religious intolerance between them. This therefore clearly signifies that intercultural relations between nations are not the only element that can be used to explain the various issues that have affected history. Therefore other subjects can be used in place of intercultural relations. Intercultural relation according to Stanford (2010) is not a course in history because there are very many important events that took place in the past. Therefore, intercultur
Introduction Globally, it is known that fashion shows are ways of introducing clothing lines, which are exposed to the general public or the community at large. Basically, it is also the best way of triggering an interest among buyers by just placing the clothing line in boutiques or beauty shops. An organizing manager planning for a fashion show event must always pay attention to the details that are involved. In addition, he must have a general knowledge and understanding of the fashion show whereabouts and the fashion the community in that specific area prefers. How to organize for a fashion show event Set date for the show This is the first thing an organizing manager must always consider when planning for a fashion show event. The best way to do this is by choosing up to a maximum of three potential dates that appear convenient for audience to turn out in large numbers. Considerably, when selecting the date, the manager must ensure that there is enough time left before the show date. As a manager, it is important to design a working budget which is composed of all necessary requirements to be used during the show. The manager must also select the venue where the occasion will take place early enough to be granted permission to access the venue at any time. It is always advisable that when selecting the venue, the organizing manager books at least two different venues. This is because, incase the access to one bounces, there should be an alternative venue precisely to guarantee the success of the show (Braniac 2011). The organizing manager also has the duty of recruiting a team to ensure th
Abstract   * The prevalence of type 2 diabetes has continued to increase among children suffering from obesity.   * Most of these cases progress from prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Numerous factors contribute to the development of Type 2 diabetes.   * Children with T2DM may experience some macrovascular and microvascular complications.   * Healthcare practitioners must do proper screening for children facing the danger of developing T2DM.   * Early screening will enable the practitioners to develop a rigorous management program for the disease. Background   * There has been a significant increase in the number of children suffering from T2DM.   * Research indicates that the majority of the children suffering from T2DM are also obese (Barnett & Kumar, 2009).   * The pathogenesis of this disease is complex and it may include an interaction between environmental and genetic factors (Sheehan & Ulchaker, 2012).   * Children with T2DM may experience some macrovascular and microvascular complications.   * The relationship that subsists between obesity and the development of T2DM prompts research that aims to study the relationship between the two. Problem Statement and Purpose of Study Problem Statement The sharp rise in the number of obese children suffering from T2DM is rising and might hit epidemic levels if not properly addressed. Hypothesis That there is a direct correlation between T2DM and childhood obesity. Purpose of Study   * To present viable strategies for the screening of T2DM in children suffering from Obesity   * To explain the relationship that subsists glucose metabolism and adiposity Background counts   * The research was conducted on children aged 10-14 years.   * The population affected by this condition of obesity and T2DM is mainly the Caucasians in the US.   * Children suffering from microvascular and macrovascular conditions face complications that include retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy, which are all life-threatening conditions   * Parental consent was obtained prior to conducting the research. About IFG and IGT   * Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are both considered intermediates states that mediate between normal and diabetic homeostasis.   * These two conditions are precursors to the development of Diabetes Mellitus   * The diagnosis and treatment of Diabetes Mellitus depend on the type of the precursor. Significance of the Study   * The research study could provide crucial information on the issues surrounding the development of T2DM in obese children.   * Further, this study would review the steps taken by healthcare practitioners to prevent the disease from becoming an epidemic.   * Furthermore, the study would show the need for early screening among children with a risk of developing T2DM.   * To future researchers, the study can offer baseline information on the current status of T2DM in obese children. Research Question and Theoretical Perspective Research Question: How effectively can the development of T2DM be prevented in Obese Children? Theoretical Fra
Today, medical institutions and healthcare organizations face a plethora of challenges that pertain to changes in legislation and the introduction of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA). To deal with these issues, the management heavily relies on the continuous risk assessment and environmental analysis, as they are effective strategic instruments that assist in depicting both critical external and internal threats (Ofungwu, 2014). Thus, one of the hospitals is highly affected by decreasing reimbursements from insurance providers and escalating demands for medical services. I as the administrator of this hospital will conduct the environmental analysis, and in the context of this paper, I will define the most powerful external and internal forces and their impact on the competitive edge of the hospitals and propose a relevant method to support the implementation of the strategic plan. External Forces with Utmost Impact The first step of the environmental analysis is to determine key external forces that have a vehement influence on the organizational competitive edge and financial performance. One of the major aspects pertains to changes in legislation such as development and continuous revision of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). It is widely known that the ACA triggered higher demand for healthcare services due to the expansion of Medicaid coverage (Spetz, 2014). When referring to the laws of supply and demand, the ACA contributes to a dramatic growth of the demand side of the market while supply tends to shrink. It creates a shortage of qualified professionals due to the lack of available education and continuously escalating burnout rates (Spetz, 2014). Meanwhile, the situation will continue to worsen since 26% growth in demand for registered nurses is projected by 2020 (Spetz, 2014). Along with that, the ACA and related initiatives restrict requirements for competences that nurses are obliged to have while creating penalties for poor performance (Spetz, 2014). These matters have to be considered of paramount importance at my workplace since the management cherishes its employees as the most important assets while the ACA has a direct effect on their know-how, working conditions, attitudes, and well-being. Thus, another matter is linked to economic forces that define tendencies in the healthcare market. For example, one of the most influential factors is a decline in reimbursement rates and an overall transition to a flat reimbursement rate model. This change also has a direct linkage to the ACA and governmental re-budgeting initiatives since reducing rates is a critical part of Medicaid insurance plans now while the percentage of the covered population continues to expand (Hall & Lord, 2014). It has a direct impact on organizational revenues and financial solvency. For instance, it negatively affects the values ROE, ROA, and current and acid ratios while having an adverse influenc