ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Even though modern society tends to think that all people are equal and free today, the situation in some regions, like Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside, Canada, proves the worst things. The Canadian government has already made several attempts to improve the status of Aboriginal women, but discrimination is still a problem in the country. As a result, multiple disappearances of indigenous women from the Downtown Eastside had no formal investigation and were explained as the outcomes of the chosen risky lifestyle. The inability to investigate disappearance cases is not only a legal problem but a social one, rooted in prejudiced blames and gender-related inequalities in Canada. Main body One of the main questions that bother many people around the whole world is the identification of the conditions under which the citizens of the Downtown Eastside disappeared. No formal investigations were conducted because of several reasons, including the absence of a definite suspect and the characteristics of victims (indigenous women in the sex trade). In my opinion, the Canadian police, as well as the major part of Canadians, did not find it necessary to break the already established norms and attitudes and build their opinions. Gender discrimination has deeply rooted in the style of life of the region under analysis, and people are not bothered with the necessity to change something and discover some new perspectives of the case. The styles of life and the choices made by indigenous women are defined as excuses for their missing. Instead of providing new opportunities to improve the quality of life, the government and the police neglect evident problems and misunderstand their roles in society. I consider such an attitude as one of the worst examples of how power can be used. The years of discrimination have negatively shaped social and political spheres, which resulted in low education opportunities, childhood labor increase, and the promotion of high-risk lifestyles. Indigenous women become involved in the sex trade, not because of their desire, weakness, or mistakes. This decision turns out to be the only option for them to survive and earn a miserable living. Taking into consideration the fact that disappearances still emerge in the Downtown Eastside, the problem of discrimination and gender inequality remains open. To improve the status of no formal investigation, it is not enough to find enough evidence on a victim and choose a suspect. I believe that significant social and political changes are required. It is critical for the police to stay unbiased and evaluate every missing person not as a woman but as a citizen of the country with his or her rights to justice and protection. It is easy to blame women for their misfortune and explain their disappearance and deaths due to drug overdose, disp
Buying Decision Influences on the buying decision can be described as factors that have a persuasive ability on the consumer behavior, they include environmental, organizational, interpersonal, and individual. These factors play a key role on whether a customer buys what one is selling or not. Consumer behavior is a study that focuses on the factors that persuade people to buy certain goods and support particular brands. Marketers’ main role is to increase the sales of a business through attracting new customers and retaining those they already have. This is achieved through monitoring, evaluating, and controlling consumer behavior. Marketer and Non-marketer Influence Marketers influence buying decisions by creating advertisements on a regular basis, engaging with customers on an emotional level, trendsetting and shaping the contexts. Thus, regularly held advertisements have a significant impact on consumers’ buying decisions. Customers pick one brand over others just because they saw the first one’s advertisement more frequently. For example, customers tend to have trust in some brands more compared to others simply because they may have better blog posts, more visually appealing material, and employ influencers who help customers associate the brand favorably. An example on engaging with customers on an emotional level is that people may fail to recall when or where they came across a specific certain advertisement, but whenever they are in a store and see an item on the shelves, they are instantly overwhelmed with a certain emotion, such as comfort, delight, or confidence. Buying decision is also influenced by factors that come from non-marketer sources. Factors like cultural factors, social factors, and personal behavior. One of the major variables affecting a customer’s purchasing decisions is culture. These variables refer to a specific community’s set of principles, preferences, beliefs, and ideology. Buyers acquire the ability to identify appropriate actions and decisions when making purchases at a young age. For instance, some purchasing trends are simple to comprehend because of cultural restrictions on the use of goods like alcohol or beef, or because of cultural expectations for particular dress styles. Culture also affects who purchases specific goods and in what quantities, such as family size, an example on social factors is family, a family has a big influence on how people behave when they go shopping. Thus, a person forms preferences as a child by observing their family members purchase goods, and they maintain those choices as they get older. Finally, consumers’ personal factor has an impact on what they buy. These individual characteristics range from individual to individual, leading to diverse views and buying decision. For example, what a child buys, is not the same
We all know people who have some sort of inferiority complex or another that holds them back and prevents them from openly socializing with people. Anonymous socialization was not possible and the people who lacked the self confidence to present themselves to others for all sorts of judgment in the name of friendship and social relationships. This would often be a painful experience for the likes of these people and often drove them into an almost recluse like state. The advent of the internet changed the dynamics of the way people present themselves to the public. People could now socialize without worrying about being judged because of their appearances, handicaps, or emotional short comings because they could sweep what they believe to be the negative aspects of their personality under the rug and simply highlight what they deem to be their positive and admirable traits. Internet based communication seems to allow people a different sense of freedom to express themselves and be accepted for their viewpoints more than anything else. Maybe it is because people tend to take a sense of security from the knowledge that they cannot be easily traced by the people they are talking to, or that they can easily create identities far removed from their real personalities in order to deal with the various people that populate the world wide web. One might be able to accurately compare the effects of internet socialization with that of an alcoholic beverage with a kick. If it takes only a few shots of Tequila for one normally reserved and analytical person to lose all his inhibitions, it takes only a few taps on the keyboard for a person who is usually reserved to begin sharing his feelings online without fear of repercussions. Internet deception is not the proper term to use when explaining how and why people present themselves on the internet in a certain manner. People who use the internet do not set out with the intention of deceiving those whom they meet on the internet. If anything, what they actually do is embellish on their strong points, and limit the exposure of what some people might deem to be their negative aspects. Don’t we do the very same thing in real life? We all wish we could hide some of our perceived shortcomings in life but at unable to do so in person because we can only try to hide those shortcomings for so long. But on the internet, we have the power to prevent that side of our personality from coming out because we have the time to analyze our words,
Introduction Gattaca is an American science fiction movie that was produced in 1997, focusing on eugenics where reproduction is done by customization of genes in order to produce offsprings with the most favorable characteristics or traits derived from their parents. The movie is directed by Andrew Niccoland the theme revolves around Ethan Hawke who is born with genetic disorders and struggles to overcome genetic discrimination so that he can realize his dream of flying to space (Pope and McRoberts, 2003). This paper will discuss social issues illustrated in the movie including family violence, social class, socialization, and societal conflict. Family Violence Family violence is witnessed between two brothers, Vincent and Anton, who were born with different genetic makeup. In the movie, for example, rivalry emerges between the two brothers when playing their favorite game “chicken” where Anton would always emerge as the winner. The reason for this violence is that Vincent was born with natural genetic makeup, where it showed that he possessed high chances of acquiring several disorders and his lifespan would be 30 years. On the other hand, Anton had superior genetic makeup and would always emerge as the favorite in most activities.This kind of violence is a result of differences in performance in various activities, which always result in jealous and bitterness. It always lowers the self-esteem of an individual for he sees himself as inferior (Hughes 2004). In the movie, another family rivalry is witnessed in the case where Vincent was the main suspect in the killing of an administrator; and when Anton offered to help, Vincent asked him to stay away from his issues. This was due to different achievements in life between the two brothers, where Vincent felt he was more superior to his brother, therefore disregarding his support. Due to the persistent struggle that Vincent underwent to reach where he was, he felt anger that his brother had not undergone the same process but had achieved a lot in life too. Social Class Different social classes are witnessed in the movie where a genetic registry database was used to classify people into two groups; those people conceived through natural means and were volatile to genetic disorders, and those conceived through genetic alternation. Here, people who were conceived through genetic alteration performed better than the ones conceived through natural means. In addition, the former were given better jobs and were viewed as professionals unlike their counterparts who were viewed as unable to perform. The disparities in social classes cause people never to realize their dream jobs in life, which causes social vices such as murder, rape, theft and other evil deeds. Others will go any ex
Introduction Arguments for and against the existence of God have been offered by philosophers, theologians, and others. In philosophical expressions, “existence-of-God” arguments relate schools of thought on the epistemology of the ontology of God. Some claim that a suitable a priori confirmation is obtainable; others reject this totally; while some others claim an approach of compromise or impartiality. This dissimilarity, it should be examined, applies only to the matter of proving God’s real existence; for, His self-existence being disclosed, it is significant to apply a priori or deductive conjecture in order to appear at a knowledge of His origin and features, and as it is unfeasible to expand the arguments for His existence without some working concept of His origin, it is essential to some extent to expect the deductive phase and join the a priori with the a posteriori methodology. But no severely a priori termination need be more than theoretically presumed. The argument relating the existence of God touches upon lots of philosophical matters. A basic matter is that there is no generally taken definition of God. Some descriptions of God’s existence are so non-detailed that it is convinced that something exists that meets the description; in stark contrast, there are submissions that other descriptions are self-ambiguous. Arguments for the existence of God generally entail metaphysical, practical, and personal categories. Arguments “against” generally entail empirical, deductive, and inductive kinds. Nevertheless once taken as a non-issue in much of western academic world, the issue of the existence of God is now focusing to lively argument both in philosophy and in up-to-date culture. Discussion. The matter of evil First of all it is necessary to mention, that the key notion which atheists antithesize to the existence of God is the matter of Evil. All the supporters of God’s existence claim, that God is almighty, omnipresent and merciful. But let us imagine that a house catches on fire, and a six months old child dies, burned to death. If the God is almighty, loves all the people, and merciful, what are the adequate reasons of this death? Why have not He prevented this painful death, and let the child suffer? The question is not if this child would get into heaven, but if it was necessary to subject this child to suffer before the inevitable death. The parents of this baby, even if they were believers, would inevitably reject the existence of God, as it would be absolutely impossible to reconcile with this loss. Thus, it entails lots of doubts: is God Really almighty, is He merciful and good. The power of the logical argument from evil is given much weight upon one main assumption: the incidence of goodness logically eliminates the probability of the existence of evil. In lots of ways this appears to make sense. For instance, the existence of light eliminates the probability that there is the existence of darkness at the same time. In this section it is necessary to retort to the Epicurean / Humean argument against God’s existence from the viewpoint that God and evil are someway rationally irreconcilable. The first principle offering
Scientific topics are usually contentious issues that have spurred debates for several decades. One of the main topics that have triggered the discussion is the issue of taxonomy. Scientists developed a way of naming animals and plants through classification into groups based on the different characters that they portray. Although many people agree that certain groups of animals and plants belong to a given species, the way they are grouped into that class raises issues. For instance, wolves, domestic dogs, and dingoes belong to the same species, candid. Interestingly, even these domestic dogs that are seen as belonging to the same species cannot interbreed as in the case of interbreeding Chihuahua and a Great Dane (Van Eeden, 2019). Naturally, this spurs confusion and debate around the issue of species. Still, people can draw the line of what a species is based not only on the capability to breed but also on similar characters they portray. Generally, animals belonging to the same species are regarded as animals that can freely breed and produce a fertile officing. However, this is only possible in theory. Practically there is much that is involved than just breeding. Genetic variations play a much bigger role in breeding than just mere belonging to the same species. Gene variation does not define the population in totality but is specific to a family or individual animal (Zachos, 2016). For hybridization of animals’ genes plays a huge role. Therefore, species that can freely breed and have fertile offspring must belong to an adjacent animal sharing similar genes. In the case of wolves, dingoes, and domesticated animals, there is no compelling justification to separate them from the same species; other than that, some domestic dogs can never interbreed to produce fertile offspring. This, therefore, means that similar character traits can determine species of organisms, and interbreeding can be one of the characters but not a major trait.
The usage of CO2 laser technology, also known as carbon dioxide laser, has significantly advanced since its introduction in the mid-1960s. The leading field in the usage of CO2 laser technology is medical; other areas such as metal industries are also using the technology in several activities. Generally, laser technology has been incorporated in many areas because of its multiple applications in many aspects of everyday life. In the medical industry, various medical activities implement CO2 lasers from skin treatments to surgery. The CO2 laser technology has proven to be the safest laser technology when handled with care, making it suitable in most therapies. History of CO2 laser The history of carbon dioxide laser is dated back to the introduction of the theory of laser in physics by Albert Einstein in 1917. He described molecular and atomic interaction with electromagnetic energy based on spontaneous energy emission and absorption [5]. Einstein marked his research by concluding on the possibility of stimulated energy emissions. Based on the concept explained by Einstein, Drs Schawlow and Townes developed the first microwave amplification instrument in 1959 [3]. The instrument was identified as microwave amplification through the stimulated emission of radiation (MASER). In 1960, Theodore Maimon came up with the first laser device that used ruby crystals. This was a significant achievement, and most of the clinical research based on laser technology began during this time [2]. The development of laser technology was at its peak during this period, and in 1961, the helium-neon laser was designed, followed by argon laser in 1962. In 1964, the CO2 laser was developed by Kumar Patel [1]. The laser is among the best lasers that are still in existence to date. This is because the laser makes use of powerful continuous laser waves that are available. However, the CO2 laser had limitations on the energy parameters, which resulted in frequent scarring and injuries. Anderson brought about selective photo thermolysis (SPTL), and it was successful in developing lasers that are specifically tailored for medical purposes [3]. The device was label
Introduction Mechanical engineering is one of the most fascinating careers. Mechanical engineers design different machines. They also install and operate machines used in various industries. As a field of study, mechanical engineering has evolved to encompass the study of sophisticated machinery of the twenty-first century. It dates back to the period of Industrial Revolution in Europe. During the Industrial Revolution, several machines were invented in order to facilitate the production of industrial goods. In the last five decades, mechanical engineers have made several inventions. Consequently, this has led to the production of efficient machines. This paper discusses how mechanical engineering has evolved overtime as a field of study. A Description of Mechanical Engineering My academic field is mechanical engineering. It is a broad field of study that covers diverse topics. Mechanical engineering entails designing, manufacturing and operating varied mechanical systems. For instance, it involves the manufacture of automotives, spacecrafts, computers, engines and prosthetic devices. It also involves the study of motion, energy and force. A mechanical engineer requires a wide range of skills in order to develop and produce different types of machines. He or she must have a clear understanding about the thermal environment of a given machine. Similarly, a mechanical engineer should have knowledge about the various forces that affect how machines operate. Mechanical engineering has different subdivisions. For example, some of the major areas of specialization in mechanical engineering include biomechanics, micro power generation, fracture mechanics, cartilage tissue engineering, combustion and vibrations. Thus, a course in mechanical engineering provides students with a variety of career options. It also equips students with analytical and creative skills necessary for designing and producing various mechanical systems. I am interested in mechanical engineering because of several reasons. First, I am passionate about machines. Through this course, I will be able to learn how to design and operate various machines. Second, I have a solid foundation in science subjects that are critical to undertaking a course in mechanical engineering. For instance, I am good at mathematics, physics and chemistry. Additionally, I have excellent oral and written communication skills. Third, I am aspiring to utilize the knowledge that I will acquire to devise efficient and effective automotive devices. History of Mechanical Engineering Mechanical engineering is one of the first branches of engineering. During pre-history, man developed different tools in order to perform different functions. In the nineteenth century, more sophisticated machines and tools were developed due to the Industrial Revolution. One of the major inventions made during the Industrial Revolution was the steam engine. This invention led to the development of mechanical engineering as a
The Way the People See It: The Main Problems and the Things to Tackle Since the environmental problem is the most topical on the agenda of a range of countries in the modern society, the growing popularity of tourism cannot but concern the modern research teams (Scott 2003), institutes and individual researchers. In spite of the fact that the tourism seems to have a most harmful effect on the environment and the wildlife of the planet, it does not end, but, on the contrary, takes its effect to ever greater scale. Because of the factors of humans’ lives and the effect which they have on the nature, the climate change which is happening at the moment has a harmful effect on the wildlife and on the mankind. In spite of the fact tat the situation seems impossible to tackle, the scientists have already suggested a range of decisions which will help to reduce the harmful effect of human’s activity in general and tourism in particular. One of those methods, called the asset-based community development, or ABCD, is one of the most perspective ways to solve the brewing problem which might result in serious changes in the wildlife and in people’s existence. Moreover, taking into the consideration that the climate change can drive to different species of plants and animals vanishing from the face of the Earth, it becomes clear that the suggestion given by the ABCD needs immediate consideration. Explaining the issue of the ABCD concern, Wisansing notes that it must take active part in the tourism industry. Emphasizing the importance of people being involved into the issues of the environmental protection and economics, he claims that together, the community can manage the industry no worse than the corresponding authorities: What characterizes first and foremost this approach is a quest for community inputs through their active participation in the tourism development process. (49) First of all, it is necessary to take account of the dangers which the climate change poses to the society and to the wildlife. It is quite understood that in the process of technological and industrial development, people did not pay the necessary attention to the wildlife and everything t