ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The issue of global terrorism concerns every community in the world. Over the last decades, there have been numerous attacks across the globe that took thousands of lives and left even more people injured. A topical issue, such as terrorism threat, requires an adequate and professional response on all levels, from police departments to foreign intelligence and military forces. Nevertheless, it is local counter-terrorism units that form the first line of communities’ defense. The purpose of this paper is to examine counter-terrorism units in terms of their structure and duties. L.A. County Sheriff’s Department Counter-Terrorism Training Review Preparedness of counter-terrorism units requires continuous training and frequent drills that simulate possible crises, which may emerge in the area. In the case of the L.A. County Sheriff’s department, a group of terrorists launched a coordinated attack on the city’s subway system. According to the drill scenario, there are several targets in the subway, as well as hostages and injured citizens. Moreover, there are reports concerning a device, which contains a chemical agent and may pose additional threats to the community (“Intense Counterterrorism Training,” 2016.) The officers are aware of the presence of at least two suspects and a potentially lethal device. Upon entering the subway, counter-terrorism officers managed to locate the perpetrator, but the latter refuses to comply and set off the device, contaminating the area. The squad has to act quickly, so they take down the suspect and evacuate the hostage exposed to deadly chemicals. Having cleared the site, the officers return to the ground level, where they go through decontamination procedures (“Intense Counterterrorism Training,” 2016). This drill demonstrated the importance of a fast and adequate response, as any kind of attack in a crowded, confined space might entail a large number of casualties. This simulation scenario reflects actual risks, as an attack, such as the one in question, is possible in the present-day situation. The drill represents a variety of life-threatening situations
A common mistake among students is that they mistake cause and effect essays for evaluation essays. The two essays cannot be further from each other in terms of content and writing style. While an evaluation essay is written from the writer’s perspective, a cause and effect essay is written using a causal relationship that is not based upon the writer’s point of view. While a cause-effect essay shows more outcome-based research, the evaluation essay tends to be argumentative at times. This is why the evaluation essay is most often used when writing about observations pertaining to movies, books, or work methods. Evaluation essay writers tend to present themselves as authorities on certain topics so that the readers will be more receptive to what they have to say. However, presenting the information in this manner forces the reader to evaluate further the information presented within the evaluation essay in order to develop their own opinion of certain matters. There are only two writing tones within an evaluation essay. The first is a partial tone that is often seen within movie and book reviews. It is authoritative in form and somewhat forces the reader to accept his point of view as the best one. The other is the impartial tone which is most often reserved for business-related data and brainstorming when it is necessary to evaluate the status of a company or the effectiveness of employees in the workplace. With all of that said, an evaluation essay writer must never forget that his essay is still based upon the most rudimentary foundation of all the essays known to man. In fact, of all the essays known to man, the evaluation essay is the one that must adhere to the strictest organizational pattern in order to present his case coherently.
The management of the organization in the modern business environment prescribes building of strong brand image in the market. Whether in a competitive environment or not, profitability depends on the presentation of the organization and its products as brands that coincide with customer expectations. In driving the demand for products in the market, competition for customers must form the conceptualized strategy in driving performance. In a competitive market, strategy in edging out competitors must always gain a competitive advantage. Whereas ethical considerations restrict business activities to fair strategies, managers must always aim at increasing competitiveness. Among the most influential competitive strategies adopted by managers, branding the organization and related product lines facilitates creating customer appeal and sustenance. The brand value associated with a successful branding strategy elevates the productive potential of the organization. A unique presentation of the product may require research and development in the sustenance of a favorable competitive advantage in the market. The uniqueness of a product within the framework of constant information infusion in the market exposes the organization to the inevitable embrace of technology. Innovativeness as a competitive strategy implies that resources employed in research and development keep with the pace of market suspense for better products. Improvement in technology ensures that organizational management adopts highly efficient operations, with less wastage and costs. Profits must equally hit projected growth in order to facilitate operations in a highly competitive environment.
Do GMOs Cause Allergies? The entrance of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) into the food industry has raised many concerns over the years. One of them is the potential of GMOs to cause allergies. According to the latest research, however, this danger seems to be unlikely. In contrast, the benefits of continuing GMO crop studies and experiments can lead to the improvement of allergy-inducing foods. To increase the safety of GMOs and eliminate the risk of allergies, the food industry can take several precautions during production and packaging. It is necessary to look at evidence that refutes the claims against GMO foods. Porterfield notes that the rate of food allergies has increased in the last 30 years. However, this number is not connected to GMOs by scientists, who introduce different hypotheses instead. First of all, foods that cause the majority of allergies do not have a genetically modified version. These include peanuts, milk, and eggs – only a small number of studies aim to modify these foods to make them less allergic (Porterfield). Other products are wheat, soy, and tree nuts; these crops can be genetically modified. Nonetheless, experiments with GMOs show that the allergy source in such foods comes from incorrectly transferred protein that possesses allergic properties (Porterfield). All known trials involving negative results were stopped, and their products did not reach shelves. Second, one should mention that GMO foods have the potential of lowering the number of allergies since researchers can try to remove allergy-causing elements from these products. Xu provides an example of gluten-free wheat, modified for people with a gluten allergy. In this case, the version of wheat that was not genetically modified is inferior to a GMO in its safety and accessibility. Thus, currently available evidence does not support the claim of GMOs, causing an increase in allergies. Discussion While the danger of GMOs affecting natural biodiversity should not be dismissed, genetic modification can also provide a solution to this problem. As Landry points out, the primary adverse outcome of GMOs lowering the survivability of GMO crops is their identical gene combination. Thus, if one attempts to overcome this issue in producing GMO foods, the future of biodiversity may change without the need to stop GMO research. Some scientists are focusing on ways to curb the impact of GMO crops on species living in the natural environment. Making some organisms infertile is an option that may stop crossbreeding and ensure that modified genes are not entering the genetic pool (Landry). Nevertheless, this approach also complicates the production of foods since it eliminates the option of using the same crops several times. Therefore, while it ma
The paper identifies four fundamental stages of the product life cycle and provides examples of products that may be found in the respective stages today. The methods of object differentiation include input-output techniques, the tiered analysis, etc. (Sangwon and Huppes 688). The evaluation is based on the processes of retrofitting, maintenance, and user training (Aurich, Fuchs, and Wagenknecht 1482). The modern glasses with an in-built computer mark the introduction stage. Currently, the product receives much attention from wealthy customers, who tend to experiment using innovative high-tech devices. The LCD displays of the glasses reflect the whole world through a single microscopic point (Balowin par. 2). The stage of growth reveals the tendencies of gradual enhancement of product usage. The example of such trading material is a selfie stick, which is often considered to be the miracle of the photography domain. The device assists the users in taking pictures of oneself from afar. It is claimed that the tool has already managed to take over the world. However, the marketing of the product is still successful only with some particular groups of marketing (Sheridan par. 1). The maturing dimension includes the products that have gained some extensive recognition. Today, however, the materials’ popularity is declining for multiple reasons such as competitive strategies or decent substitutions. The instance of such a product is Apple devices. Despite the brand accounts for the high correspondence to customers’ demands, it is acknowledged that Apple sales outcomes show the lower rates in recent years (DeMers par. 2). Finally, the stage of decline concerns such products as personal computers. During the last two years, the world faced the absolute dominance of compact mobile tools over computer devices (Davey par.1). Works Cited Alba, Davey. The Death of the PC Has not Been Greatly Exaggerated. 2015. Web. Aurich, Jason, Craig Fuchs, and Charles Wagenknecht. “Life-Cycle Oriented Design of Technical Product-Service Systems.” Journal of Cleaner Production 14.17 (2006): 1480-1494. Print. Balowin, Roberto. 6 Glasses with Integrated Displays that You Can Buy Today . 2012. Web. DeMers, Jayson. Here’s the Simple Secret to Apple’s Marketing Success. 2014. Web. Sheridan, Marcus. Mad Marketing 47: Selfie Sticks, SEO Tips, and Getting Sued for Content Marketing. 2015. Web. Suh, Sangwon and Gjalt Huppes. “Methods for Life Cycle Inventory of a Product.” Journal of Cleaner Production 13.7 (2005): 687-697. Print.
Introduction The field of genetics and genomic medicine is a new one that carries hope to manage many disorders effectively including genetic metabolic disorders (Levy, p. 1968). The aim of this essay is to briefly discuss the causes and characteristics of phenylketonuria, galactosemia, and Tay-Sachs disease and explain the link among them. Main text Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a congenital metabolic disorder caused by mutation of the gene responsible for making the enzyme needed to breakdown phenylalanine amino acid. It is an autosomal recessive inherited trait. The newly born infant does not show manifestations; however, in few months it develops some or all the following symptoms. The infant may show repeated vomiting, seizures, tremors or arms and or legs jerky movements, eczematous skin rash, and a characteristic musty odor of the infant’s breath, urine, or sweat because of too much phenylalanine. The affected child has blue eyes and fair skin as phenylalanine is not transformed to melanin, as the child grows, it shows stunted growth, microcephaly, mental retardation, and behavioral problems. In severe forms (classic PKU), mental retardation and behavioral problems are obvious by the end of the first year. Unattended PKU cases may suffer an irreversible brain damage that may cause the child to be destructive and irritable in addition. The disease has no definitive treatment and the only management is dietary restriction of phenylalanine (found in protein rich food) (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2007). Galactosemia is a congenital metabolic disorder affecting carbohydrate metabolism. Lactose is the main milk sugar, which is digested in the intestine to galactose and glucose. The cause of galactosemia (high blood galactose level) is a defect in the galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase enzyme responsible for conversion of galactose into glucose. It is an autosomal recessive inherited trait. The main pathology is damage of the liver cells, eyes, and brain because of the building up galactose level. The infant may appear normal at birth, but in few days it may develop jaundice and hypoglycemia because of liver cell damage. Vomiting and diarrhea are symptoms of poor feeding, seizures, irritability, and mental retardation are neurological manifestations. In an unattended child, cataract, live cirrhosis, and Fanconi syndrome (kidney malfunction with excessive water and electrolyte especially calcium, potassium, and magnesium loss) develop. Galactosemia can cause death if unattended. There is no definitive treatment and the only management is diet restriction of lactose and galactose, even with dietary management, the child is at risk of
Introduction This paper will deliberate on position held by both structuralism and monetarism as movements in the field of social sciences. From the monetarist point of view, causes of inflation and policy framework are worth discussing with reference to various economies i.e. China, Argentina, and USA. Consequences of inflation both to an individual consumer and to various investors merit noting in the paper. The role played by money supply, (MV=PT), in inflation and economic growth will be clearly demonstrated with the use of endogenous variables and graphical representations. Inflation This economic term refers to an incessant swell in the price level of goods and services in an economy. CPI and GDP deflator indicates the economic inflation. Any government mandates a central body like the Federal Reserve Bank to regulate on the rates of inflation by influencing the interest rates of the banks. With reference to January 2007, the price index of the consumer was slightly above 200 while at the beginning of 2008 registered an index of 211. On calculating the inflation there is an increase by approximately 4.5 %. These are some of the indicators of inflation. ‘‘Beginning the 2 nd half of the 15 th century, Western Europe went through price revolution which lasted till the 1 st half of the 17 th century’’ (Seers, 1983, P 103). This was termed by economist as one of the major inflationary circle to happen in six fold for approximately 150 years. In a research to find out the cause of the inflation, findings showed a flood of precious metals (gold, silver) from the so called new world. Consequently, the wealth of Habsburg Spain rose to a higher level. In the same vein, silver which had been spent found their way into Europe leading to further inflation. ‘‘Another factor which contributed to widespread of inflation was growth in demographic factor after Black Death pandemic’’ (Seers, 1983, P104). Private notes during the American civil war also caused inflation. Hyperinflation is commonly stated as inflation that is beyond control by a man. One of the features of this kind of inflation is a rapid rise in the price level with the currency loosing its value. If inflation goes beyond 50% in a month then this is referred to as Hyperinflation. Most economist defines hyperinflation as ‘‘an inflationary succession lacking any predisposition in the direction of equilibrium’’ (Killick, 1984, P54). To substantiate this definition, hyperinflation generates a fierce circle where intense inflation manifests with each circle. This kind of inflation is usually correlated with war, crimes against humanity, depression of an economy and social- political disorder. One of the countries where hyperinflation has manifested itself is Zimbabwe following crime against humanity and uncalled for violation of the constitution. Structuralisms This is an approach used by analyst to study topics in social sciences such as inflation. It featured in the academic field during the 20 th century and has continuously gained recognition by researchers in various fie
Online buying can be intriguing, especially to those who do not have the necessary experience. This is because numerous companies sell complementary products online, which often confuse buyers in selecting the seller to buy from. This is no different when buying a camera. Some of the sites where one can buy a digital camera include www.circuitcity.com and www.bestbuy.com. While the two sites portray a lot in common, there are notable feature differences. Upon thorough analysis, www.circuitcity.com seems the best option to buy the digital camera from. Buying a digital camera can be a tricky experience as there are numerous sites from which a buyer has to choose. The two sites www.circuitcity.com and www.bestbuy.com, are some of the online electronics marketing tools easily available. In terms of appearance, www.circuitcity.com is more attractive and appealing than www.bestbuy.com. www.circuitcity.com’s home page has attractive colors. It is also the page where the company displays its products. Upon logging in, the buyer is automatically directed to this page. Furthermore, the products displayed are systematically arranged into various categories, such as laptops, notebooks, cameras, and TVs. The prices, as well as discounts, are juxtaposed next to each item. On the contrary, www.bestbuy.com’s homepage conceals a lot about what the website is all about. The only feature on the homepage that indicates e-commerce activity is a tag labeled ‘Best Buy.’ The buyer is connected to the next page, where only the deal of the day is displayed. Cameras take limited space, and for a buyer to have a glimpse of the various types of cameras on offer, they have to connect to yet another page. Unlike for www.circuitcity.com, where products are displayed on the first page when you login, for www.bestbuy.com, buyers have to go through three l
The following paragraph describes the work of Wang, Chen, and Wu (2015), which discusses the role of videoconferencing technologies in multiple educational organizations and societies. Therefore, the aforementioned authors accent on the high importance of educational video materials performance during certain classes. The authors support their thoughts with a statement that such videoconferencing technologies influence the audience’s attention and make people more interested and involved in a particular topic (Wang et al., 2015). Moreover, some video material also presents audio tracks, which also show a better impact on the audience’s memory and let people obtain more information than during a regular lecture. Instructional Contribution This paragraph is to review scholarly work by Denis (2016), which evaluates videoconferencing technology’s instructional contribution. The author stresses that various videoconferencing systems are building the future education and that a wide range of educational video material is more interesting for any audience to get acquainted with. According to Denis (2016), the most valuable factor is that any visual information can be learned and examined multiple times, whereas a verbal lecture’s material may be explored only once. This factor makes it possible for students with weak memorizing abilities to grasp and follow particular recommendations of the given material properly. Moreover, Denis (2016) claims that this modern videoconferencing technology reduces time wastes, which is an essential factor in such spheres as education, business, politics, and so on. Another advantage of videoconferencing technology’s instructional contribution is the cooperation among members of a particular organization or society to work, regardless of one another’s a physical location. Learning Support Technology The following paragraph is to review scholarly work by Kivunja (2015), which describes and discusses some innovative applications of videoconferencing learning support technologies. The author outlines that the aforementioned methodology is one of the most developing technologies in the education system nowadays because various professors and other scientific collaborations imply such opportunities for their students as using video or social media credible material as primary sources for their projects and works. This methodology gives people who use video conferencing advantages for their knowledge benefits and abilities of searching, evaluating, and recognizing required material on their own. Besides, particular videoconferencing innovations make teachers’, mentors’, and professors’ work much easier, informative, and efficient due to the improving demonstration quality and lecture material presen
Was Willa Cather a feminist? How does she Portray Women in Her Novel ‘My Antonia’? Willa Cather is the feminist author A feminist can be regarded as a person who supports the equality of women. Willa Cather can be classified under the feminist authors through her literature work works. Various analysts of her work bring out the different aspects of feminism that are clear in her works. For example, critics such as Granville Hicks say, “Cather failed to conform to the contemporary life as it is” (O’Brien 464). This inconformity was mainly attributed to the fact that Cather would always dress in a masculine way. In fact, another analyst named Lewis says that during her life in college, “Cather looked like a young man” (Lewis 38). This dressing is seen as a purposeful step in challenging the social construct of the masculine gender. In addition, a photograph of Willa Cather in the archives of the University of Nebraska portrays her wearing a shingled hair during a period that women wore their hair fashionably long. The shingled hair is also seen as a masculinity symbol since it was gendered to be for men. It shows Cather’s fight for equality between men and women during her time. Another factor that brings out the aspect of feminism in Cather is the fact she always surrounds herself with female friends in all her life. For example, in college, she had female friends such as Louise Pound and Isabelle McClung. It is also interesting that she moved in with these women in Toronto after college. This aspect showed her approval of the relevance of females since she did not live with a man at any one time of her life. It is also seen as a proof that a woman can live without necessarily depending on her male counterpart. This observation confirms why her sexual identity is still a big question to date. Cather’s life was that of a total nonconformist with the societal standards of gender. For example, from her masculine tone in various narratives to using male narrators in her writings, Cather indicates has assumption of masculinity as a woman. The fact that she dressed like a man and wore a hair like that of men is also an indication of her struggle against the social construct of masculinity. She used her personal life to illustrate that gender roles were literary assigned by the society and that they could be contravened. Feminism is also deeply engraved in the masculine tone of Willa Cather’s work. For example, Woodress says, “Cather so completely… embraced masculine values that when she wrote about women writers, she sounded like a patronizing man” (Woodress par.10). This observation is an indication of the deeper search for a balance of the two genders that the society constructs. Cather was stern