ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
In the article “Street art confronts the pandemic,” Suri (2020) addressed the appearance of a great number of murals around the world dedicated to the COVID-19 pandemic in authors’ interpretation. The most distinguishable and peculiar works from Norway, Denver, Charlotte, Berlin, and Milwaukee were chosen and described with comments of their creators on how the ideas of images had come to them. In general, almost all subjects are related to well-known attributes of the pandemic – masks, hand sanitizers, toilet paper. At the same time, a considerable number of murals are dedicated to health care workers in order to commemorate and appreciate their work and contribution to lives’ saving. The article may be found here: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/01/travel/coronavirus-street-art.html In general, the article reflects multiple aspects of the connection of anthropology with art, especially in Western societies. First of all, the author directly, though straightly, identify street work as art, even if considering placement is a common way of art’s distinguishing along with aesthetic value (Kottak, 2018). However, in the present day, the boundary between art and other humans’ works and activities that cannot be regarded as art is not sharp, and the majority of contemporary artists try to convert everyday life into art (Kottak, 2018). This tendency may be observed in already mentioned street murals as they reflect realities of the pandemic that are common for almost every person in the world. In comparison with non-Western societies that value collective activities, Western art traditionally emphasizes the individuality of artistic production when an artist is known and mentioned in relation to a piece of art. According to Haapala, artists and their art become inseparable, and “by creating works of art a person creates an artistic identity for himself. He creates himself quite literally into the pieces he puts into his art. He exists in the works he has created” (Kottak, 2018, p. 442). This individuality may be traced in street art as well – almost all muralists leave their signatures in the same way as artists whose works are placed in museums do (Suri, 2020). In addition, they freely leave comments or write about their works, how the idea to create them came, and what they wanted to say by these murals. The anthropologist Jacques Maquet stated that “an artwork is something that stimulates and sustains contemplation” (Kottak, 2018, p. 440). In this case, being “the ultimate visual source of social commentary,” street murals should be definitely regarded as art as they bring several highly essential messages for people (Suri, 2020, para. 1). First of all, they show that regardless of the pandemic, life doe
Circumstances under which businesses would consider opening up coal mines and exploiting the resources Over the years, the world governing bodies have closed down many coal-mining companies due to the increased pressure on the mining companies from the environmental conservation bodies, seeking to have the mining companies minimize the number of wastes releasing into the atmosphere. Additionally, the emerging trends in the world prevailing weather conditions, such as global warming, only serve to increase the pressure. The emergence of cleaner sources of energy, which are environmentally friendly, has also contributed to the need of limiting the use of coal energy. The cost of producing this energy type is considerably higher as compared to other sources of power. As a result, coal energy is available in the market at a considerably high price. The emergence of other cheap alternatives has led to a decrease in the sales of coal. This prompted a shift to alternative power sources. Equally, there has been a decrease in the demand for coal energy due to the production of new machines using other kinds of energy. Despite all the changes in the production of coal energy, there still exist a lot of coal reservoirs across Europe. A business enterprise would set up a mining company dealing in the extraction of coal only if the legal constraints that govern the mining industry are abolished. Currently, a high tax is levied on the mining companies that produce unclean energy. Additionally, a firm would engage itself in the mining of coal in the circumstances that it enjoys a higher return from sales in comparison to the cost that it incurs in the mining process. Such an increase in the demand for coal energy may entice a business company. The relevance of marginal concepts to the destruction of the rain forest The concept of marginal cost is therefore applicable in the extraction of natural resources. This concept establishes a first consideration of the readily available resources before rooting for the marginal resources. In particular, if there is a demand and the market for the marginal commodity exist, business firms usually take the risk of venturing into the business to take advantage of the opportunity. In case, there is an acute shortage in the supply of energy, a government would authorize a given business enterprise to clear the rainforest if it is established that there exists a mineral reservoir in the area where the rainforest is grown. Additionally, if the country, which originally relied on imports for the supply of timber, suddenly experiences a sharp decline in the supply of the same commodity, it might authorize the clearance of the rainforest to replenish the stock or rather maintain the supply of the commodity. Although, clearing the rainforest is associated with major environmental drawbacks, sometimes the need for exercise is very vital. Marginal concepts as used in the conservation of natural resources The understanding of the marginal concept is helpful especially when there is a need to weigh positive and negative effects that come with carrying out an exercise. The greater part of the application of
The most significant technological advancement witnessed in the 20th century was the expansion of World Wide Web in the 1990s. This resulted in the interconnectedness of millions of computers and other pages of information worldwide (Masrek et al. 199). Additionally, it was very cheap to share information across the globe. The introduction of laptops and other portable devices that replaced the desktop computer indicated that there was an influx of mobile wireless connections across the globe (Masrek et al. 199). With time the mobile phones and palmtops were included in the list of easy to move around and accessible networks. The wireless developments in the society have in addition greatly improved from the advent of these technologies. The 21st century has witnessed a wide range of usage of wireless devices especially due to portability. This is attributed to the fact that the design of wireless devices does not emphasize on heavy computation and overly secure communication but it is often treated as add-ons (Peng & Sushil 45). Additional limitations such as shared medium have attracted a large number of users to wireless networks. Security procedures such as the jamming attack are difficult to detect and yet very easy to initiate (Peng & Sushil 45). Smith and Caputi (265) note that wireless networks are very cheap and thus are getting used in many modalities currently. Their uses range from the wireless local area networks to mesh and other sensor networks. As such, their range is wide making the provision of security and trustworthiness a critical issue. Generally, wireless networks are open in nature and are constructed on shared mediums, thus the provision of secure networks is very difficult in such instances (Peng & Sushil 45). An outsider can for instance interrupt a communication from taking place. This can be done by sending constant and other bogus messages that are periodically sent for collision purposes in the network. The bogus messages later lead to increased back off at the node level and other multiple transmissions of data. A jammer for instance can be referred to as a wireless device that produces radio interference attacks on a wireless network (Peng & Sushil 48). The main idea behind a jammer is to block wireless connections and keep the medium solely for itself or deform a valid communication that is going on (Peng & Sushil 48). This goal can be successfully accomplished by warding off the traffic source of information from sending out packet data or by thwarting the reception of legitimate data packages. This process, just like hacking, is meant to retrieve information from an authorized user to unauthorized users. There are many jamming approaches and stra
Introduction Environmental issues started playing a significant role in business a few decades ago. At present, ‘green’ marketing can be regarded as “mainstream” (Ottman 2011, 3). Now people are ready to pay more for products which have little negative impact on the environment, or which are said to have little impact. It is necessary to note that ‘green’ marketing has quite a few standards and regulations. However, ‘green’ businesses have certain peculiarities which make them differ from the conventional businesses. These peculiarities enable ‘green’ companies to successfully compete with conventional businesses. Major peculiarities of the ‘green’ marketing are its focus on sustainability, progress, and responsibility. Thus, ‘green’ products are also characterized by these values and differ from conventional products to certain extent. The Difference Between ‘Green’ and Conventional Businesses First, it is possible to define ‘green’ marketing as the way to do business without causing a lot of harm to the planet and environment (Cronin et al. 2011, 159). It is necessary to define the difference between the two types of businesses to understand major peculiarities of ‘green’ products. ‘Green’ marketing is different from the conventional form of marketing as environmental issues are brought to the fore. ‘Green’ businesses stress that their products have little negative impact on environment (Ottman 2011, 12). These companies often emphasize their involvement in innovative programs and incentives aimed at addressing certain environmental issues. Development, innovations and research aimed at creating new environmentally friendly products are brought to the fore. It is also important to note that people consuming ‘green’ products are seen as responsible individuals. In other words, it is considered to be generally accepted and even expected to buy ‘green’ products (Cronin et al. 2011, 159). These are values promoted by ‘green’ companies. These values differ from those associated with conventional marketing. ‘Green’ businesses focus on their being eco-friendly. There is one more significant difference between the two forms of marketing. Conventional businesses are regulated by the government and there are a variety of norms to comply with. At the same time, green companies have almost no regulations to comply with. More so, there are hardly some standards in this sphere (Ottman 2011, 161). This adds certain confusion and even violations as some companies only proclaim their being sustainable and eco-friendly (Cronin et al. 2011, 159). The lack of control is another difference between ‘green’ and conventional marketing. However, there are some similarities between the two forms of marketing. Contemporary ‘green’ companies also try to meet customers’ expectations (Ottman, Stafford, and Hartman 2006
Background: Impaired Healthcare Workers in the United States Recognizing the presence of impairments in the workforce is an essential step for the American state authorities to provide the target population with the services of the required quality and create the environment in which they can work successfully without facing any of the impediments to which they are typically exposed. According to the 2017 American Nursing Association (ANA) report, at least 10% of nurses are impaired, substance abuse is the key factor behind the development of the health problem (American Nursing Association, 2017). Considering the issue specifically in the environment of the Texas healthcare environment, one must also mention that the needs of impaired healthcare employees are guarded by the Texas Department of Insurance (2017). Impaired Healthcare Workers in Texas: Challenges and Opportunities As stressed above, the current focus on providing nurses with compensations and other financial opportunities must be recognized as an important step in the right direction. However, other initiatives geared toward the enhancement of the communication process between the target population and the rest of the healthcare members should also be mentioned. Particularly, the programs promoting support and dialogue between healthcare members with impairments and other healthcare employees’ needs mentioning. Apart from the extensive opportunities for receiving compensation impaired healthcare employees in Texas may use peer assistance programs designed to provide them with a chance to fulfill themselves and attain high success in their career development. The concept of peer support in the healthcare environment implies the assistance provided to impaired healthcare professionals by their colleagues. According to numerous testimonies, the identified approach helps impaired healthcare service members significantly since it allows them to receive the assistance of the healthcare community in an unobtrusive and efficient way. As a result, healthcare practitioners with impairments, particularly, the members of the healthcare system that have developed an addiction to substances, can receive substantial support while also excelling in their skills and acquiring new knowledge actively. It should be noted, though, that the current system lacks the emphasis on the promotion of cross-cultural communication. While the importance of cooperation is not to be underrated in the nursing environment, one must also keep in mind that the significance of diversity is growing increasingly more important in the context of the global community. Thus, to reach out to all target groups, especially including vulnerable populations, one must keep the emphasis on identifying culture-specific needs and challenges associated with establishing a conversation with impaired healthcare workers. The identified technique is bound to lead to a massive improvement in the further management of impaired healthcare workers’ needs, at the same time offe
The essay compares the two stories, in a manner that shows that both authors have certain similarities. Both authors clearly show the influence of parenting, in inspiring their children into autonomous and independent thought. The authors emphasize on the role of fathers in the family and especially, in the building of character in their children. The authors also show that men are sexist and stubborn. “The story A & P” from the Pigeon Feathers and other stories by John Updike The story involves a young boy of thirteen years of age and his family. They move from their previous home and begin a new life in a town called Firetown. The young man experiences trouble, in trying to fit into the new environment and the new life. After a fortnight in the new town, David spots interest in a book while in the process of rearranging the books. The book was H. G. Wells’s “The Outline of History.” He got interested in the manner in which the book portrays the life of Jesus from a secular point of view. The reason as to why the family moved to the farmhouse in Firetown is later shown. It was his mothers wish that the children grow up in a farmhouse, just as she did when she was growing up. Evidently, his father does not enjoy the environment and often drives off to town. This reason, amongst other reasons, cased David’s two parents to argue often. One day, when they were arguing about organic farming, David hid in the outhouse to avoid the shouting. While in there, he experienced a feeling of regret for his existence. After that, he returned to the main house to find them still arguing. He then
The report covers the developments, challenges, and strategies that Dell Corporation has adopted to maintain its top status in the U.S. computer industry. The authors provide an analysis of how Dell Company enlarged its supply chains, cut down costs, and engaged a team of competent management to outperform its main competitors in the technology industry for a long period. In the report, the authors have clearly described the problem facing Dell, which concerns the company’s abrupt loss of customers and market share to its competitors. The loss of market share has been associated with the competitors copying Dell’s cost reduction strategies and supply chains. The solution to this problem will not only enable Dell to win more customers but also revive its energies and regain its original top position in the PC industry. The report examines how Dell Company’s success resulted from its ability to reach both the low income and high-income customers by expanding its outlets and making computers affordable and less technical to use. Dell had a policy of always seeking measures to reduce its production costs and listen to customers in order to understand their needs and obtain considerable market information. Dell’s mantra states that the current company’s technology is its future commodity. Dell operates at considerably low costs and manages to hold low volumes of stock besides selling its products directly to consumers. The high-profit margins in Dell’s market segments give the company a competitive edge over its competitors. Dell sells its products to governments and big companies in large quantities and at high prices; an aspect that places the company a step ahead of its competitors due to the high-profit margins and economies of scales. The authors have also stated the prioritization of customers’ needs, customization of products, and the expansion of service portfolios as the recent company’s resolve to tackle the emerging threats. The report is clearly presented and provides an informative analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the company. However, the report does not indicate the methodologies and techniques that the authors employed in coming up with the historical analysis of Dell Corporation. The industrial surveys referred to by the report are also not referenced or quoted in the report. The report must be commended for its comprehensive analysis of the company’s marketing strategies and its recommendations. The recommendations provided by the report include expanding the company’s product line, charging competitive and affordable prices, enhancing marketing to reach the youth market, and opening a retail outlet stall. These recommendations are adequate to restore the company to its original status, with the recommendation of raising prices to an affordable level being more successful than the option of lowering prices to outshine its competitors. Competitive prices act as an indication of quality to consumers and augment companies’ revenue margin. Therefore, the new recommended marketing strategy is more effe
To comprehend better the problems people have to face and their reasons, it is necessary to rely on real-life examples and human experience. In the article under discussion, the author introduces an episode from the life of an ordinary family in a poor village and describes how the activities of its member, Shahid Quraishi, become influential for the community she lives in. People are not afraid to risk their own financial savings, their investments, and even life’s safety to help the chosen community and improve the conditions this community has to live under. What the chosen activity expects is to achieve positive results and introduce successful outcomes on the social level (Banjo, 2010). It is not enough to implement some ideas concerning the way of how people should live but important to persuade them to pay attention to such types of activities and prove their necessity. Mutual help is a key to a successful life, and people should try to support each other, make improvements to the health care system, and take care of themselves as well. Reference List Banjo, S. (2010). Couple Aims to Fight Poverty, One Village at a Time. The Wall Street Journal . Web. Brown, D. (2010). Britain May Reduce Aid if Gay Men Are not Set Free in Malawi. TimesOnline . Web. Murray, C., King, G., Lopez, D., Tomijima, N., Krug, E.G. (2002). Armed Conflict as a Public Health Problem . Web.
Decision-Making Activities   * Determining funding and legal structure of the business:       + Limited liability corporation (LLC);       + Use credit lines to expand operations and open another location;   * Operational decisions       + Maintain use of fresh ingredients or switch to much cheaper suppliers;       + Use of delivery services for distribution;   * Strategic and marketing objectives       + Demographic to target via marketing;       + Joint venture with a brewery next to the restaurant;       + Attempt to expand and franchise;   * Employment decisions and personnel recruitment;   * Evaluation criteria and quality control. These are some of the most critical decisions that a small-business owner will have to face. Funding and legal structure are essential to determine how the business operates and who is legally liable. Small businesses usually choose to identify as an LLC since they have a flexible and straightforward structure without any liability to personal assets of the owner in case of bankruptcy. Many of the other decisions have long-term impacts on the restaurant performance as a business since they impact customer satisfaction and service, which reflect on revenue (Marquez-Oldham, 2017). Key Participants and Decision-Makers   * Restaurant Owner – strategic management, critical decisions;   * General Manager – day to day operations, staff hiring and management, inventory, marketing;   * Financial Manager – payroll, revenue, accounting duties;   * Community Stakeholders – investors interested in the success of the restaurant. Offer input on any major decisions;   * City of Montgomery – regulatory controls of the restaurant (particularly sanitation and business license). Offers tax incentives for local businesses. Even in a small business such as a restaurant, there are a number of key decision-makers. Each maintains their own input and responsibilities. The restaurant owner will have the final say on any major decision; the managers are faced with implementing any strategic decisions while maintaining stable operations of every facet of the business. Meanwhile, stakeholders or the government may also impact the business through respective roles, which should be respected despite their indirect involvement in operations. Key Performance Indicator (KPI)   * Desired Outcome: Increase visitation traffic by 30%. Modest revenue gains of 15%.   * Purpose: Establish the restaurant as a regional dining attraction which can serve tourists and local families on a continuous basis.   * Measuring Progress: Visitation traffic will be accounted for by people dining at the restaurant. Revenue measured in dollars spent on produc