ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Brief About the Firm Meraas Holdings Profile Meraas Holdings is one of the leading real estate companies in the United Arab Emirates. Based in the capital, Dubai, the company was founded in 2007 as a way of enhancing the potential and prestige of the city of Dubai (Meraas 2019). For this reason, the company has partnered with other leading global stakeholders in the real estate field to transform Dubai into the modern city that it is today. This is notwithstanding the fact that Meeras entered an industry that had giant incumbents like Emaar who had already established themselves in the sector with the intention of being number one in the field. Products and Services Meraas deals in real estate development, sales, and marketing. The real estate products include residential houses, offices, hotels, and restaurants. In the recent past, however, the company has diversified its operations into other sectors such as healthcare, destinations, hospitality, ventures, leisure, and dining (Meraas 2019). These sectors complement the company’s ventures in the real estate industry. Challenges that Face the Real Estate Industry in the UAE Like any other field, the real estate sector is not free of challenges that make it vulnerable to economic hick-ups both within the region and on the global stage. The five major challenges the sector faces include changes in oil prices, fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, forces of demand and supply, mortgage rates, and rent revenues (Gulf 2019). These factors are likely poised to negatively affect the profits that accrue from the sector. Particularly, experts project that the increase in mortgage and US interest rates are likely to make leading real estate stock markets such as Emaar Properties and Meraas Holdings to record negative results until the end of this year (Gulf 2019). The possible consequence of these downward trends in rent revenues is the closure of properties by real estate developers. Such an outcome would destabilize the real estate industry in the United Arab Emirates adversely. Brief about the Industry Main Players Indeed, it is correct to infer that the real estate sector in the UAE is booming. Many people are migrating to the urban areas in search for greener pastures and better standards of living. As a result, the demand for real estate infrastructure is increasing. Accordingly, more developers are venturing into the sector to try and tap onto the vast market. Therefore, there are thousands of real estate companies that are registered in the country (Gulf 2019). Even so, the industry is dominated by nine major companies, most of which were established within the last three decades and are in the two major cities – Dubai and Abu Dhabi. Moreover, since these companies have a big share of the real estate market, the government has shares in their ownership, hence, regulates their operations in the sector. This is not to say that the activities of the other companies are not regulated. All real estate transactions are controlled by the Ministry of Lands and the Real Estate Regulatory Agency (RERA). The top players in the field include Emaar Pr
Introduction The research will relate to Dubai Trade in the private sector. People will be asked of their involvement and knowledge of the workplace, as well as behavior and attitude patterns, will be established to come to specific results. As it is much involved in international business, people of different ages and backgrounds will come together in the process. The study will outline any similarities and common themes that are predominant in the Dubai Trade. The method used for the research will be in the form of a survey. People will be presented a questionnaire with questions related to their workplace. There will be details such as income, the reasons why someone chose to work in the private sector, the interdependence between working in the private sector, and the resolving of issues. Also, questions about the working relationships will be asked, about interaction with others, their gender, and the freedom of the communication. Subjects will rate the quality and easiness of interaction with other colleagues and the availability of responses. Data The subjects of the study were both female and male. Ages varied from 20 years old to 42 years of age. Two people had salaries that were the lowest, which is 5,000 to 10,000. Almost half had salaries in the range of 11,000 to 20,000, and the other half was above 21,000. The reasons for choosing to work in the private sector were described as having better benefits at work, more opportunities in the advancement of the career and the working hours. All people who participated in the study answered “Yes” to the question “Does working in the private sector give you the freedom to resolve your working issues?” Out of all participants, four people rated their freedom of interaction with the opposite gender at number 3. The other half of people chose 4 and 5. The easiness of communication between employees was rated at three by five people, and the rest were 4 and 5. When asked about the kan knowledge of others’ names, five people somewhat knew the names of their colleagues and the rest were pretty good with names. Eleven people answered that they participated in the employees’ social gatherings at work, eight people got involved some of the time, and one persona answered “No.” Analysis The survey showed that people were very much participating and interacting with others on a level that is high and desired. People felt comfortable discussing issues, and the fact that they were willing to be included in the social gatherings shows that the work community is very well established. The work environment is shown to have an equal understanding of the work issues and the interaction b
Ethical Dilemma The perception of moral responsibility and the correctness of a choice often depend not only on individual ideas but also on generally accepted norms of behavior. An opportunity to address the classic train dilemma by assessing the consequences and explaining specific solutions is a convenient tool to discuss the drivers that affect specific motives. At the same time, the nuances of this dilemma require assessing various factors, and in some cases, an individual vision of the problem is the only explanation for a certain reaction. Decisions that entail actions determine the degree of responsibility and reflect real intentions, but moral norms and values ​​are constraints that complicate the decision-making process. Basic Dilemma Analysis The original train dilemma suggests choosing how many children can be doomed to certain death – five or one. In the context of this condition, inaction is unacceptable since it is tantamount to action. To assess this situation, one can apply the theories of utilitarianism and deontology discussed by Gawronski and Beer (2017) in relation to the train dilemma. According to the authors, the first approach presupposes actions whose moral status depends on outcomes, while the deontological theory explains specific decisions in terms of moral norms (Gawronski & Beer, 2017). For the dilemma in question, the concept of moral standards is unacceptable because at least one death is inevitable. Consequently, the utilitarian approach is more appropriate, and throwing the switch to allow one child to die is a more objective solution. This practical position is due to lesser consequences since the lives of five people are objectively more valuable than that of one, despite the fact that they are children. Therefore, the utilitarian approach simplifies the assessment of this dilemma and allows making a choice in favor of fewer victims. Train Dilemma: An Elderly Man’s Role One of the main fears that the proposed circumstances of the dilemma carry are a personal responsibility for the death of at least one person. In case the participation of an elderly person is included in the condition, this changes perception slightly. Inaction is still tantamount to action, and it is impossible to avoid responsibility. This means that the aforementioned concept of utilitarianism is relevant to this scenario. The death of an elderly person is viewed in a less tragic context than the death of one or more children. Therefore, when taking into account universal human values, stopping a train by pushing will have less severe implications and be justified from the utilitarian perspective. Train Dilemma: One’s Child The role of one child as one’s own makes resolving the presented ethical dilemma as difficult as possible. As Bostyn et al. (2018) argue, fears of such tasks determine the differences between
Air pollution is a mixture of natural and manmade substances released into the atmosphere that causes damage to both living organisms and structures. Naturally, the air near the earth surface consists of 99.97 percent of four leading gases, that is Carbon (IV) Oxide (0.04 percent), molecular nitrogen (78 percent), argon (0.93 percent), and oxygen (20.94 percent) (Pack et al., 2018, p.2). Most of the gases that make the air are quite stable under the atmospheric pressure and temperature except for Carbon Dioxide, one of the major air pollutants that have been increasing by about 0.03 percent since the onset of the industrial revolution (Valler, 2016, p.1216). Therefore, the gradual increase of carbon dioxide gas in air composition makes it toxic for inhalation. Air pollution can be categorized into two groups, indoor and outdoor pollution. The exposure to harmful particles released by burning fossils such as petroleum products and coal, toxic gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and chemical vapor as well as ground-level ozone outside an enclosed building is known as outdoor air pollution. On the other hand, indoor pollution involves exposure to harmful particles such as dust, pollen, and household chemicals as well as other toxic gases such as carbon dioxide, within an enclosed building. The rate of air pollution in the world has increased gradually since the advent of the industrial revolution in the early 1800s. As the number of automobiles and petroleum-based machines continues to grow, the rate of emissions in the atmosphere continues to rise exponentially. According to the World Health Organization (2016b), more than 80 percent of people living in urban centers are exposed to air pollutants. More than 95 percent of cities in low and medium-income countries in the world do not meet the air quality standards set by WHO (World Health Organization, 2016a). Because of these worrying statistics, the World Health Organizations categorises air pollution as the largest environmental health risk and one of the greatest global health hazards. Air pollution poses the most significant environmental health risk to humans and other living organisms. According to the World Health Organization (2016a), air pollution is responsible for more than seven million deaths annually. In other words, out of eight premature deaths, one is caused by the effects of air pollution. The impact of air pollution is far-reaching and cuts across all regions as well as social and economic groups. However, some areas and individuals are likely to be affected more by the effects of air pollution than others. According to Schraufnagel et al. (2019), people
The Bible is not just one book, but rather is a collection of many books that are historical, prayer, poems, epistles, prophecies and other kinds of books which were written by different authors. All these books are interrelated and they are compiled together to form the Bible which has one principal message of redemption of the human race. Skeptics, agnostics and atheists have for a long time challenged the reliability of the Bible while trying to undermine its message and Christianity in general. Over time however, there has been the emergence of numerous apologists who have defended the bible’s reliability against the objections presented by these skeptics, agnostics and atheists. This paper seeks to explain the reliability of the Bible based on the questions raised by those challenging its reliability. Among the questions raised are: The reliability of the oral tradition on the basis of which the New Testament was written The ancient Jews had their customs, teachings and practices handed down from generation to generation by oral traditions and great emphasis was placed on accuracy and reliability. Jewish children would be introduced to oral material at an early age which would then be perfected all their lives hence ensuring accuracy and attention to detail. Those challenging the Bible argue that individuals were prone to forgetting and bias that would have distorted the original information 2 . However, the same information was taught to the community in general hence safeguarding it against faulty transfer to subsequent generations, as it is highly unlikely that the entire community would forget or exhibit the same bias. The authors of the Bible were also inspired by God and though they were allowed to write on their own personalities and view of events, they were guided by their belief and the Holy Spirit rather than their own perceptions on the validity of the information. Their personalities in this case w
Introduction and Background Historical Development of Business Intelligence (BI) and Data Warehousing (DW). The need for advanced and improved BI and DW increased in the early 1990s during which businesses witnessed technological advances. During this moment, market completion increased because of globalization and electronic commerce. The introduction of the internet was spread all over the world, and companies were in a rush to incorporate e-business in their regular operations with a goal to cut on stuffing costs while offering a 24-hour customer service. Organizations applied numerous systems in which back-end application tools emerged. Although advances in technology have solved business problems, data solutions have been inconsistent with the changing business needs. This scenario has greatly affected the operations of businesses on a larger scale. As businesses increased their needs due to changing market demands, database-stuffing costs increased considerably. Throughout this period, IT firms introduced many techniques of data handling with an objective to solve the challenges of increased data volumes (Data Warehouse par 1-5). However, system applications could not enable decision makers to make rapid organizational strategic decisions. Factors Influencing the Development of BI and DW Data warehousing concerns with analytical and management aspects of data in firms, and not storage of bulk information. Today, increasing data pushes many organizations toward spending huge funds ion creating efficiency in their databases. The purpose of a data warehouse is mainly to integrate a set of organizational data designed from internal and external environments. In contrast to the ordinary notion, a data warehouse does not host the entire set of data for an organization. Its main role is to offer fundamental measures needed for key decision making on data management. During decision-making process, decision makers in an organization do not directly access data warehouse, but it is done through front mechanisms facilitated by data marts. A typical data Warehousing Environment In the modern business world, the concept of data warehousing continue to meet numerous challenging ranging from ever increasing volumes of data. Additionally, there is a growing need for data warehouses with low latency (Data Warehouse par 2). Following this combination of challenges, traditional approaches and technology tools have failed and, as such, users of data warehouses are consistently searching for infrastructures that will facilitate their operations by addressing the dynamic conditions of business and information technology. Ankorion noted that one of fundamental challenges facing modern users of IT in data warehouses is the inability to migrate relevant and voluminous data within a specified period. For example, if a firm needed to move a given amount of data within thirty minutes of business operation, it would be difficult for a traditional batching process to accomplish this task within the demanded time. Besides taking a relatively longer time that required, traditional batching technology creates ne
Introduction The intense competition in the global market has made all the world-leading organizations to restructure their marketing strategies as well as streamline their management. All these deliberate attempts are done with the aim of positioning the firms strategically to be able to compete with its competitors. It is for this reason that the Schneider Electric (China) has adopted some pricing and distribution strategies. Since the firm is an international venture, the organization management is vigilant to ensure that it is competing with other global firms for the scanty market opportunities. Despite its vast production superiority, Schneider Electric is facing some strategic marketing challenges that are limiting it from exploiting its full potential. Therefore, this report endeavors to highlight some of the challenges that the firm is facing and provide redial measures to solve them. To achieve this, a thorough evaluation of some economical theories and concepts will be examined to generate a cohesive and a well-integrated report. The secret behind all prosperous organizations are dependent on the strategies, which they formulate specifically to steer the firm’s production capacity to greater heights. Scholars have revealed that strategic planning is only successful when implemented by a well-informed management organ. The management is not only expected to posses the right management skills and competencies but also it is support to carry out regular research to adjust their management accordingly. Furthermore, an international organization like Schneider electric requires an up to date state-of-of-the-art to predict the future changes in global prizes and demand. Such timely warning systems play a vital role in influencing the decisions of the management. Objectives of the report This report aims at exploring the following issues;  1. Investigate the Schneider Electric (China) pricing and distribution
How Drugs Get into the Brain Essentially, drugs constitute of chemicals (Brick & Erickson, 1999). When an individual takes drugs, the body absorbs the chemical substance of the drugs into the bloodstream. In the bloodstream, the circulating blood takes the chemical component of the drugs into the brain where they exert their effect. The effect of a drug therefore depends on the amount of active ingredient of the drug that is absorbed into the bloodstream and reaches the brain (Brick & Erickson, 1999). In consequence, the amount of drug that an individual takes determines the effect. For instance, at a very low dose the effects of a drug may not be realized. Once a certain level of concentration of drugs in the bloodstream is reached, the effect is realized. The point at which a drug starts to have effect on the body is known as its threshold. Beyond the threshold, the effect of a drug increases with increase in active ingredient of the drug in the bloodstream. The effect however does not increase infinitely but reach a maximum point. At very high doses however, the effects of drugs can be extreme or even fatal. As aforementioned, drugs reach the brain through the bloodstream. The amount and the rate at which drugs get into the bloodstream therefore impact on their effects. Besides the dose, the effect of a drug in depended on how it gets into the body. The common ways in which people take drugs include smoking (inhalation), snorting, injection and orally (Brick & Erickson, 1999). The effects of drugs that are inhaled or injected into the body are realized quickly. When inhaled, the lungs absorb the active ingredient of a drug and take it directly to the heart. Once in the heart, a drug then gets into the bloodstream and travels to the brain. Similarly, drugs that are injected intravenously get directly into the bloodstream and their effects can be realized in a short time. On the other hand, drugs that are taken by snorting and oral ingestion are absorbed through the mucous membranes, and the stomach and intestine, respectively. As a result, drugs that are inhaled or taken orally get into the bloodstream slowly and their effects are a bit slow. Effect of Drugs on Brain Chemistry Once in the body, drugs interfere with how the brain normally works. Almost all drugs of abuse such as Cocaine and Marijuana target the reward system of the brain (Brick & Erickson, 1999). Drugs bring abou
Introduction Identified on most occasions as the flu, influenza is a highly contagious viral disease, which mostly affects the respiratory system. Most people presume that the flu only causes the extreme cold. In actual sense, the acute conditions might result in death. The disease is spread through the body fluids released while sneezing or through body contact with the fluids. The flu virus has the ability to change its physical structure. Thus, those with stronger immunity systems might not withstand the different types of viruses circulating in every season. To counter the effect on the vulnerable people, various State Health Agencies, and international communities that deal with health-related issues conduct immunization programs annually to boost the immunity system. Moreover, influenza occurs within the eight weeks of every winter and spring. Existing Types of Influenza Viruses Globally, there are only three types of influenza viruses. They include Influenza viruses A, B, and C. Virus type A is mainly hosted by the aquatic birds, and their transmission might result in devastating epidemics among the poultry, thus increasing the vulnerability of the people to the infection (Sherk par. 4). In addition, it causes dangerous symptoms among humans besides being the major infectious human bacteria. Conversely, Virus type B mainly infects human beings. Unfortunately, some domesticated and sea organisms, such as ferret and seal, respectively, are prone to contamination of the virus (Occupational Safety and Health par. 7). The rate of mutation of type B is slower than that of A and does not exhibit variation in the structure. Its immunity occurs only at older ages. Finally, type C of the flu viruses infects the mammals, including humans and pigs. The Economic Impacts and Rates of Influenza Transmission With much time taken at workplaces, there is no surprise that they harbor infectious bacteria and viruses. According to the Centre for Disease Control an