ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? The Sonnet 18 by William Shakespeare is one the most known Shakespeare’s sonnets. Want to learn more about the themes, tone, and imagery in Sonnet 18? Read the literary analysis below! Sonnet 18: Introduction This essay analyzes Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18. The sonnet is a captivating love story of a young man fascinated by the beauty of his mistress and affectionately comparing her to nature. The first stanza, ‘Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?’ opens the poem with an indication of a young man deeply in love (Shakespeare 1). He envisions her as a beautiful creature and even wonders whether one can compare her beauty to any summer season. This love sonnet falls under the lyric genre, with the author expressing deep emotional feelings for his mistress throughout the poem. The first stanza gives an assumption to the reader that the poet is not sure of what is more beautiful, a beautiful summer day, or his mistress. However, the air is cleared in the preceding stanzas that see the poet overcome by flamboyant feelings and admits that his lover is even lovelier than the summer itself (Shakespeare 2). The poem embeds an image of an undying and eternal kind of beauty as visualized by the poet. Sonnet 18 Analysis: Literary Devices The poet adopts a thematic structure technique to express to his lover’s beauty. Line-by-line analysis of Sonnet 18 shows that the first stanza acts as an eye-opener of the poet’s attempt to compare his lover with summer. He goes on to state why his lover is better. Stanzas 1-6 give a solid reason as to why one can not compare his lover to summer. Though summer appears to be beautiful, it is not constant and can be very disappointing if solely relied upon. It also does not last as long as his lover’s beauty would. The stanzas give detailed answers to his rhetorical question posed at the beginning of the poem. The poet’s praises and awe are well expressed in these stanzas by revealing all the beautiful qualities seized by his mistress. Her beauty is constant and can neither be shaken by strong winds, nor can it become unpredictable like the hot sun. It doesn’t waiver in the eyes of the beholder like the clouds swallow the summer hence losing its beauty. Stanzas 7-14 indicates the everlasting beauty to which he says cannot be claimed by anything, not even a natural calamity such as death. In the conclusion of the Sonnet 18, W.Shakespeare admits that ‘Every fair from fair sometime decline,’ he makes his mistress’s beauty an exception by claiming that her youthful nature will never fade (Shakespeare 7). Interestingly, the
Introduction The study shows the effect of Barbie dolls on the body image that 5 to 8 years old girls develop. The author believes that Barbie is a social and cultural icon of female beauty. But Barbie’s physical statistics are “unattainable and unhealthy” with too thin and long legs which may be deemed as disproportionate to body weight. The ultra-thin female beauty Barbie endorses has led to negative body images and unhealthy diet patterns among girls and women. Based on the literature review two hypotheses were drawn: first, exposure to Barbie doll stimuli affected the girls’ body image negatively as compared to the Emma dolls or the pictures of average US women, and second, was this effect of Barbie dolls on body image will make the girls want to be thinner. Description of the study The authors conducted an experimental study on girls aged 5 to 8 years to ascertain if Barbie’s body image caused unhappiness with their bodies and their desire to be thinner. 162 girls were considered in the sample. They were exposed to Barbie and Emme dolls and a story through images that had six pictures. The girls’ body esteem was collected through nine brief questions and body shape dissatisfaction was measured by subtracting the girls’ actual body size from what they thought was ideal. And then the girls were shown seven adult women pictures and the girls were asked to color the figure they would like to look like as a grown-up. The responses were analyzed by using a three-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), including trend analysis. The results showed that older girls wanted a thinner body than younger girls. The study of the pictures showed that the girls desired a thinner body shape as an ideal body of an adult. The girls’ exposure to Barbie dolls and their dissatisfaction with their body image but their negative image is not noticed once the exposure is to the average US woman. This proves the first hypothesis, which stated that Barbie dolls will create a negative body image, more than that created by Emme dolls or pictures of US women. The second hypothesis was tested and found to be true. Thus Barbie dolls made girls want to be thinner. Further, it was found that this was more among girls of age 5.5 to 7.5 years of age and not in girls who are 3 years old or are between 7.5 to 8.5 years. The primary finding of the study shows that the dissatisfaction with body image among young girls is more in the case of their exposure to Barbie dolls and not so much due to their exposure to Emme dolls. This is due to the highly distorted representation of the body statistics of the dolls which are unrealistic. This detrimental effect was evident m
Introduction The involvement of travel and tourism to industrialize and also the developing countries has been so intense and great such that it has become an issue that deserves care and preciseness with no room for possible downturns allowed. If this industry gets affected in any way, very many industries which are in line with it get consequently affected. Such industries are like hotels, airlines, suppliers, travel organizations and such. Apart from these industries more other industries get affected and at the end of the day affect the economy in general (Waldrop, 1992). When there happens to be some downturns in the economy, governments are compelled to outline policies that can help to offset the imbalances. At such a circumstance policies should range from various modes like disaster management and mitigation measures (Burton, Kates, & White, 1978). This paper looks into the problem of disaster management in the industry and a subsequent discussion of a model which can be applied to manage disasters. The paper also goes through the framework for disaster management as developed by Faulkner and discusses the ways and means which have been used in the framework to assist in disaster management. Crisis management Crisis management is the process of identifying threats to stakeholders and management of a certain organization. Due to the fact that it is so difficult to foretell potential problems that are bound to happen in future in both the human-based realm and natural causes, it is important that people stay prepared to tackle such problems in case they arise (Lehrman, 1986, 20). The management must have a ready plan which should come into effect once a disaster happens such that the business does not go down. Crisis management calls for decisions to be implemented within a limited time span. Crisis management is a way in which the company prepares for possible disasters and measures that should be taken if the disaster strikes. This should include preventive and mitigation measures as well as recovery measures after the disaster has been put in control. International tourism is a major source of revenue to many countries in the world today. When a disaster strikes, it affects a vast part of the economy. This calls for the involved governments to have plans which should quickly act to minimize the effects of the disaster. The biggest obstacle that happens to affect most economies is boosting of the arrival rates to normal rates shortly after the disaster has hit. Disasters have had the profound effects of tarnishing popular destinations to the ground. Case disaster
Introduction Over the years, the dramatic shift of the development of merchant ships as well as large carriers has significantly affected the development of ports. Notably, apart from general-purpose ports, new specialized marine facilities have been constructed to serve large ships that transport huge volumes of raw materials, petroleum, and other bulk cargo. One specialized marine facility that serves large ships is dry bulk terminals. Dry bulk terminals “are typically designed and built in the form of piers or loading/unloading platform in combination with breasting and mooring dolphins” (Tsinker, 2014, p. 122). Notably, the design and layout of dry bulk terminals have undergone evolution; that is, from using manpower to full automation. Specifically, belt conveyors and rail mounted shiploaders that function independently but as interconnected systems characterize dry bulk terminals. Some of the widely known dry bulk terminals are Qinhuangdao (China), Port Hedland (Australia), and South Louisiana (US) (Sorgenfrei, 2013). This research paper reviews benefits of dry bulk terminal technology as well as security and safety precautions that an individual should take while inside a dry bulk terminal. Benefits of Dry Bulk Terminal Technology Dry bulk terminals facilitate vast quantities of goods by handling large vessels. According to Branch (1997), many dry bulk terminals can handle large ships. For instance, Port of Cigading in Cilegon handles ships of about 150,000 dead weight tons (DWT) (Cribb & Ford, 2009). Thus, they act as a buffer between inflow and outflow of bulk materials. According to van Vianen, Mooijman, Ottjes, Negenborn, and Lodewijks (2012), these terminals transship large quantities of dry bulk materials such as iron ore and coal. In this regard, the primary objective of dry bulk terminals is to store temporary the bulk materials for clients such as steel factories and core-fired power plants. Efficient operations characterize most of the dry bulk terminals. The use of technology enhances the efficiency of operations in dry bulk terminals. Notably, the use of high capacity belt conveyors, reclaimers, stackers, and rail-mounted shiploaders have reduced delays at significant levels (Tsinker, 2014). Again, “the stockpiles at the terminals enable transport facilities with different times and rates of operation to function independently of each other, and hence, to avoid
Introduction The fashion industry is always under high attention and the vehement discussion due to its changing and unpredictable nature and sometimes-scandalous outfits. Moreover, fashion has a high influence on the various aspects of everyday life such as the cities’ development (Pandolfi 2015). Furthermore, fashion is often associated with luxury, underlines one’s social status, and emphasizes the particular lifestyle (Calefato 2014). Nonetheless, the fashion industry is also related to the mass-market production and such phenomenon as the fast-fashion industry. In this case, the couture designs are adapted to the public and rapidly released for sales (Shaw & Koumbis 2014). This fact implies the fast flow of trends and short product life cycle. In the end, high attention is usually paid to the luxury brands, as they define the flow of the fashion trends in the world. However, the role of fast fashion cannot be underestimated, as it delivers clothes to mass market. Nonetheless, it could be assumed that clothes and other fashion attributes have a strong influence on the perceptions of personal identity and social status among the individuals. In this case, the paper will focus on fast-fashion and interrelation between the fashion industry and psychology, as setting the simple research question will limit the research to the particular emphasis and area of the fashion industry. In the end, the primary goal of the paper is to propose the suitable methodology and analysis of the information to find the relevant answer to the research question. Consequently, the literature review is conducted to determine the necessity of the research in this field and underline the rationale for the problem. Lastly, the sufficient methodology for the research and data analysis is proposed to find the response to the research question. Literature Review The primary goal of the literature review is to analyse the influence of the various fashion attributes on the social status and personal identity. In this instance, only high-quality articles from reliable sources are used to acquire information about this matter. The literature review determines whether the problem exists. Firstly, the article Reading Fashion as Age – Teenage girls’ and Grown Women’s Accounts of Clothing as Body and Social Status by Klepp and Storm-Mathisen underlines that women have a tendency to pay more attention to fashion as a determinant of their social status and personal identity due to the association of their social roles with reproduction and sexuality (Klepp and Storm-Mathinsen 2005). The article covers the main topic of the paper, but it does not provide particular details of fast fashion market and the interrelation between fashion and psychology
Introduction Thomas Stearns Eliot is a famous American-British writer who represents modernism. His poem The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock is considered to be a masterpiece by the majority of the critics. Still, some of them did not see anything worthy in the writing and believed Prufrock to have nothing common with poetry. Due to such contradictions, this work was chosen as the one that should be analyzed. Even though the poem seems to puzzle the readers and looks like a mixture of incomprehensible thoughts, Eliot showed in it how a person perceives the world, referring to the stream of consciousness and focusing on the most actual issues. Analysis When considering a piece of writing, it is important to pay attention to the very title, as it carries the message, which the author wants to deliver to the readers. The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock presupposes that a narrator is a man, whose name is J. Alfred Prufrock. The text is supposed to be his love song, which occurs to be really so, as it has repetitions, rhyme, and rhythm. A song is a flow of emotions that a person experiences, they are gathered and turned into words so that the author gains an opportunity to share them with others. Thus, it can be concluded that the poem expresses Prufrock’s feelings and emotions related to the relationships with the opposite sex. Being written before the blossom of modernism, the poem occurs to be its great representative, written in a stream of consciousness, which became rather popular in the 20 th century. This narrative mode allowed Eliot to reveal the mind of a person and present the thoughts Prufrock has directly, without any adaptations. Whereas, on the one hand, such kind of narration is highly sincere and straight-forward, on the other hand, the readers can’t help feeling they lack the relevant background for the complete understanding of the described events. Thus, the narrator makes a series of implications that are supposed to be clear to him and his beloved – the women that speak about Michelangelo; the dinner table served with tea and marmalade. Due to these signs, the readers feel they become unintentional observers of the very intimate and private scenes, they peep into the most secure corners of the narrator’s mind. As any poem written in “the stream of consciousness” style, The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock primarily influences the readers’ emotions rather than their minds. It seems that Elliot does not provide all the details of this story because he is sure that all the necessary facts can be perceived empirically with the help of the powerful metaphors and other stylistic devices. One of the most frequently used stylistic devices is, certainly, the repetition. Thus, one is likely to come across the word “yellow” almost in every quatrain. Nevertheless, it is not the bright and cheerful color one might initially image – here, this adjective is applied to rather gloomy
Australian Telecommunications Company has continued to expand to address the demands of the market. It has remained a key player in the country’s economic growth, having generated close to $37 billion in 2008 and $98 billion revenue in 2009. The industry has over five hundred thousand employees across the country, working in various capacities (IBISWorld, 2011). It has arguably been considered as a stimulant for employment in almost every sector of Australian economy. It has local and international companies which contribute to this tremendous global recognition. Among these are Optus and Vodafone which are considered as key players in the market. This paper gives a critique of the performance of these companies based on their weaknesses and threats with reference to the entire telecommunications industry in Australia. Vodafone is a UK-owned company and the leading telecommunications company around the world operating in more than twenty five countries including Australia. Vodafone Australia is the third largest Telecommunications Company in Australia, behind the giants Telstra and Optus. The company runs a GSM mobile network which is approximated to cover 92% of Australian market (Vodafone, 2011). It also boasts of a Globalster satellite which enables it to cover the entire population. Even as the company continues to thrive in an ever-expanding economy and market, it has had its fair share of weaknesses and threats triggered by intertwined factors in the telecommunications market. Vodafone Australia has experienced one of the worst network problems in the Australian market. Towards the end of 2010, the company registered pitiable quality in its calls, data speed, SMS reliability and voicemail services. It was faced with a class action suit for demonstrating incompetence in serving Australian people. To maintain its business reputation, the company responded by blaming customers for using faulty software on their handsets and use of Smartphones (Vodafone, 2011). Although Vodafone CEO offered an apology, the interruption saw several customers terminate their contracts with the company to seek better services. Additionally, expansion of the company has been achieved by direct regulation of its operations. Through mergers and acquisitions, the company has not realized organic growth. As a result, the company has a stable customer base at the expense of proper management of its subsidiaries (Vodafone, 2011). With its operational structure centered in UK, Vodafone Australia has failed to address needs of the market allowing effective competition from smaller companies. Moreover, Vodafone Australia continues to experience several threats as permitted by market trends and its ability to effectively serve Australians. Competition from major players and upcoming companies is seen as a
The article by Irena Katane called “Evaluation of Support and Promotion System Model for Development of Staff Competitiveness in Modern Enterprise as Learning Organization” focuses on a concept of learning organization as one promoting internal competitiveness and performance improvement. The author outlines 3 main spheres where a specialist could develop their competitiveness. They include activity sphere, interaction with the environment and personality and self-development sphere (Katane, 2014). The author views an enterprise as a learning organization that has multiple layers such as self-management, educational environment, promotion and professional support. The study finds that organizational learning is composed of all the employees as individuals, requires career counseling and mentoring to facilitate a knowledge society (Katane, 2014). In my opinion, the article fully reflects the components needed to create organizational learning except for knowledge acquisition. I believe that the inflow of knowledge has to come from both inside and outside of an organization, which is not reflected in the article. The article by Cox and Blake called “Managing cultural diversity: implications for organizational competitiveness” views diverse workforce demographics as a competitive advantage. The authors find that failure to manage diverse workfor
The Catholic Encyclopedia notes that the aim of Lent is to make people ready for the celebration of the death and resurrection of Christ. Thus, Lent should help people achieve purification by removing selfishness and sin through engaging in prayers and self-denial. Lent should make people strive to do God’s will and make people receive God’s kingdom in their hearts. Christ and his apostles did not observe Lent. Christ also did not command his followers to observe Lent. However, Christ commanded his disciples to observe Passover and the period of the unleavened bread (The Restored Church of God 1). According to the Restored Church of God, Good Friday and Easter Sunday are ancient traditions that the mainstream Christianity introduced (The Restored Church of God 1). It claims that these rituals aimed at replacing the Passover season. Christ observed Passover, but not Good Friday and Easter Sunday. Fasting is not necessary because through the shedding of Christ’s blood, we became pure before God. Thus, fasting, self-denial, and restraints from pleasure cannot make us pure. The carnal mind of man can never submit to God because it seeks to do things of the flesh. Therefore, man must possess “a converted mind that has the Holy Spirit in order to do God’s will and good pleasure” (Phil. 2:13). The Restored Church of God claims that Christianity teaches a false tradition by claiming that His kingdom shall come first through people’s hearts” (The Restored Church of God 1). Such teachings do not exist in the Bible. It also claims that God does not put His kingdom in people’s hearts. The churches of the earlier period did not perform Lent (The Restored Church of God 1). Lent first appeared in Rome through an address to the church by the Council of Nicea in AD 325. In AD 360, the Council of Laodicea order for an official recognition of Lent. Lent has its roots from the Anglo-Saxon word that meant spring, and it was a part of the ancient Babylonian mystery religion. Therefore, Lent was a pagan holiday that found itself in Christian practices. This happened because Rome wanted to get both pagans and Christians together by combining these festivals. It changed the calendar to accommodate such new combinations of pagans and religion. Explain the history and importance of the Stations of the Cross Lent is a period of penitential in readiness for Easter. On the other hand, the Stations of the Cross celebrations are popular devotion after the ruling of Pontius, and it follows the path of Christ from the praetor to the tomb. This was the official Via Dolorosa, Sorrowful Way, or Stations of the Cross. These are devotions of the Catholic to Christ. They honor the death and passion of Christ through Stations of the Cross. The ceremony has 14 stations, which reflect events that transpired before the death of Jesus. The