ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Peter Ferdinand Drucker was an American social scientist and thinker who dedicated his studies to the investigation of the nature of effective leadership and management. He made a significant contribution to the development of the theory of management. In his books, Drucker studied the factors which make management effective and outlined several ideas and principles of business and leadership. Despite the fact that he worked in the twentieth century and analyzed the processes in business at that time, his findings remain relevant now and are widely discussed in both the business community and academia. The goal of this paper is to discuss the application of Ducker’s practice to team-building activities in medical institutes. The principles Duckers outlined in his writing can be applied to improve the quality of management in medicine. In his work, Ducker emphasized the importance of taking responsibility and promoting appropriate risk-taking at lower levels in the organization. Research has shown that new nurses who are engaged in a team-building activity involving responsibility, and that requires them to take decisions show much higher results in their work (Currey, Eustace, Oldland, Glanville, & Story, 2015). This form of team-based activity has a positive impact on their communicational skills, critical thinking, knowledge, confidence, and satisfaction with their working experience (Currey et al., 2015). Thus, the practice of team-building activities that promote decision-making contributes to the professionalism of nurses and safe patient care. Main body Another major factor discussed by Peter Drucker in his books is the importance of cultural and ethical principles behind the working process. The critical role of respect for workers is one of them. The scholar points out that employees who feel that their efforts are valued and respected are much more likely to stay motivated and take their role seriously and responsibly. Educating new medical personnel about the importance of their job is essential to develop a sense of responsibility among them. It is vital for all nurses to understand that the life and well-being of the patients depend not only on doctors but on them as well and that their role in treatment is valued. Another point made by Ducker is that profit is not the primary goal of an organization and that company, first of all, should serve the customer. This idea is especially relevant in medicine, where personal work with people whose health depends on them. Excessive commercialization of the medical system poses a big danger to the community, creating an environment for injustice and discrimination. Thus, it is especially important to promote a high level of awareness and ethical standards among all employees working at a hospital. The role of self-control ineffective management is a major theme in Ducker’s writing. There are certain features inherent to the application of different forms of self-control in medicine. Research has shown that due to a high level of responsibility associ
The strategic managers at Kohl had to deal with certain external trends. These trends included the location of its stores and the poor shopping experience by customers in other retail shopping malls. In addition, it had to deal with the increasing intensity of competition. According to the case, the buyer’s bargaining power also increased and required the attention of Kohl stores. It should also differentiate its products in order to gain customer loyalty, which will, in turn, ensure increased and continuous sales (Koenig and Fredrix 34). Other important areas include serving different needs of customers, both with lower and higher incomes, and better customer service. Such actions should continuously be improved to keep track of changes in the market. As a result, the company will be capable of achieving a competitive advantage in the marketplace. As a strategic decision-maker at Kohl, external information for decision making required includes political, social, financial, economic, and physical environmental factors (Merrick 11). These factors influence the market and hence the success of the business. For example, the legal-political environments affect the business policies adopted. Favorable business policies facilitate trading activities, which further lead to better performance. On the other hand, unfavorable policies hinder the success of the business. All other environmental factors also affect the business in different ways. As a store manager, I would want to know about the technological environment. The use of technology facilitates
Inventory control can be viewed as the process in which an organization manages and locates objects or materials. In the contemporary business world, the market is characterized by a very high level of competition. For any organization to succeed in such an environment, it must have effective inventory management systems. This ensures that the business is organized and that the customers are not faced with any shortage. As already noted, inventory control plays a pivotal role in determining the success of any business. The most successful businesses are usually characterized by an effective inventory control practices. This makes the business to be more organized hence promoting efficiency in business operations. One of the main advantages of inventory control in an organization is to ensure that there is an adequate inventory level, which maximizes the level of consumer satisfaction. Through inventory, an organization can avoid any shortages that may arise from inadequate inventory levels. Improved customer satisfaction leads to increased profitability in a business. In other words, inventory plays a pivotal role in determining the level of profits in an organization. This is because it significantly determines customer service levels in an organization. Through inventory control, it is easier for the management in making critical decisions. For instance, the long term inventory records will help the management in making some critical decisions in the areas of business expansion. The ABC inventory control system enables organizations to give individual stock keeping units differen
Abstract True leadership is a virtue that many people desire. Questions have been raised on whether true leadership is inherent or can be made. Several thinkers have shared their thoughts on this matter. One particular interesting book, namely Wooden on Leadership: How to Create a Winning Organization by John Wooden, has a satisfying answer on what constitutes true leadership. The book promotes various ideas that helped John Wooden, the former UCLA Bruins coach, to lead his team through ten national championship victories. The discussion in this paper seeks to explain some of the main themes in Wooden’s book. The paper shows how they can be put in practical life. It construes that, indeed, Wooden’s leadership ideas are essential for an organization’s manager, especially in today’s competitive industries. Introduction If one were allowed to describe John Wooden, he would grant him several titles. He is a proficient coach, a true leader, a role model, and a transfixing author whose books are admired around the world. One of his most compelling books is Wooden on Leadership: How to Create a Winning Organization. In this book, he presents what most people perceive to be inherent based on his true leadership. He champions excellent leadership concepts that can make a leader establish a successful organization if he or she puts them into practice. Unlike most leadership books that are highly studious, Wooden is more of a teacher who helps the reader to understand the concepts through the eyes of a coach. He picks almost every leadership style in the contemporary world and strives to compare it with daily coaching experiences. He then proceeds to explain how his coaching experiences relate to real-life organizational and personal issues. Thus, readers can easily learn the techniques of
Introduction In the Captivity Narrative, Mary Rowlandson detailed her experiences and recounted her spiritual struggles during her ordeal as well as the realities of her psychological state. The Narrative relates one woman’s courage under horrendous conditions, its depiction of the people as savages and monsters typical of Puritan representations of a race that they never acknowledged as equals. Redemption of faith is a core theme in Rowlandson’s Captivity Narrative reflecting Puritan religion values and traditions, and a social conflict between Indian population and new comers. Main body In the Captivity Narrative Mary Rowlandson portrays various elements of religious life and the Puritan order of redemption. From the very beginning, Rowlandson depicts that throughout the nineteenth century, accounts depicting American Indians as savage barbarians were becoming a well-developed art. These chronicles of brutal treatment inflicted upon white captives by Indians at once appealed to and reinforced the anti-native prejudices. The Captivity Narrative clearly manifested the fear and hatred of colonists toward the native peoples of North America. In the Captivity Narrative Rowlandson described her captors as “murderous wretches” and a “barbarous enemy” (Rowlandson). Mary Rowlandson depicts that Puritan divines put forth many elaborations of the order of redemption, all greatly resembling one another. Such consensus was possible because all writers drew from the biblical pattern of bondage and redemption, wilderness and promised land, death and resurrection. The pattern was, in fact, as old as Christianity, mediated by centuries of devotional tradition. “Penance and mortification” first freed the person from sin, making possible the awakening of the soul and advancement toward union with God. Almost every version of the regenerative experience included a dynamic two-part cycle of emptying and filling. Mary Rowlandson summarizes that ttis cycle was ubiquitous in Puritan spirituality. It was the rhythm dominating first conversion, the pattern of devotional activity after conversion, the preaching of the ministers, and the tenor of public ritual. The cycle played a formative role in the life of every man and woman in New England. The psychological stages of the pilgrimage of conversion and of progression in the spiritual life were described in detail by Mary Rowlandson, two of the greatest New England preachers of the first generation. In the writings of these men the order of redemption set forth is the same, both in general thrust and in most details. That preparation within the conversion experience was understood as preparation of and not by the sinner is clea
Changing Concepts of Supervision Supervision is one of the important processes in the criminal justice system. It involves overseeing the performance of criminals on probation. Over the years, the concept of supervision has been used by law enforcement agencies to achieve various goals geared toward improving the quality of delivery systems in the criminal justice system (Alarid, 2016). One of the concepts of supervision that have changed a lot over the years is the manner of its application. Before the turn of the century, supervision was often done through physical visits to correctional centers and having one-on-one talk with the criminals with regard to their progress. However, due to technological advancements, supervision in the contemporary world is done through surveillance cameras (Morgan & Maguire, 2012). This has increased the efficiency of the process because it helps in saving time and giving the supervisors a chance to observe everyone in their absence. Unlike in the past, when supervision was merely done as a formality, the concept has changed a lot in the recent past in terms of it involving community members and embracing the need to improve security (Morgan & Maguire, 2012). Community policing is a concept that developed from the changes made to the element of supervision, whereby people are involved in monitoring and reporting about the progress of criminals on parole. In addition, the criminals get a chance to show their respective communities that they can be resourceful individuals if given a chance or opportunity to do so. These changes have been influenced by factors such as the increasing demand for higher security, the high cost of operations, technological advancements, and globalization (Alarid, 2016). The Classification Process and Effectiveness of Probation The criminal justice system is a network that involves many individuals that play various roles geared towards reducing the rates of crime and the welfare of criminals in various facilities. Classification often happens after criminals have been sentenced to time in prison (Mair, 2013). The main aim of carrying out this activity is for the ea
Applicable level of the organizational change Change management is a structured approach which aims at translating/shifting an organization, functional teams, or individuals from current/past state to a desired future state. The applicable level of change that should take place at Kudler Fine Foods Virtual is infrastructure layer. At this layer focus is on how the organization can improve its current business infrastructures and leadership skills so that it can attain high productivity. The company should change the mode of human, physical and information resources management and focus on making the processes more efficient. Kudler Fine Foods Virtual management team should start to appreciate the role played by its personnel and enact policies that can nurture talents, tap intellectualism, and motivate human capital (Yukl, 2010). Business management scholars have agreed that there is always a room for improvement in an organization despite how well its operations seem to be: there are different approaches leading an organization to improve performance, most of the approaches depend on the skills and knowledge of human capital in an organization. They have suggested that companies should have continuous performance management and evaluation and make interventions when required to do so; this can happen when there is good leadership in the organization. In current competitive business environment, Kudler Fine Foods Virtual is likely to suffer from the challenge of retaining its effective and quality managers as they are job-hopping in search for better employers with wages as the main motivator for the job-hopping. The process of change starts by systematic diagnosis of the situation to transform and gauging the capability to change; the process involves all stakeholders at different levels. When making business change decisions, Kudler Fine Foods Virtual leaders should analyze both external and internal factors that are likely to affect the business. In modern changing business environment, companies need to have strategic policies to enable them remain competitive and profitable; they are affected by external and internal operating environments, thus making the right interventions via change is crucial. Globalization and international trade has opened massive opportunities that companies can venture into; when operating in the global scenes, decisions and policies developed should be responsive to the needs of the particular business environment that the company aims at venturing. When enacting the changes, the company should understand that subordinate staff plays a crucial role in the process; they should be involved right from the start. The major changes that will occur for the applicable levels The change level likely to occur at Kudler Fine Foods Virtual is infrastructure layer; the change is likely to be felt in three main areas as: Reward structure Workers engage their mind, time, expertise, and intellectualism in their works; they expect to be compensated through wages,
Introduction Municipal wastewater is water that has been already used and now contains various chemical compounds that are harmful to people’s health. The collection and treatment of sewage ensure the security of people’s health, cleaning water and providing citizens with it (“Municipal wastewater,” 2016). Therefore, it seems to be clear that there is a necessity for organizations to implement an appropriate system of sewage cleaning and to cooperate with those firms that provide such services. The issue of municipal wastewater can be discussed in detail when focusing on a particular case. For instance, there is an ABC Company that is known for its cooperation with synthetic textile manufacturing. It operates successfully in several UK cities and thinks of opening a new plant near the North Sea. Taking into consideration the fact that Aberdeen is one of the most populous built-up areas and one of the largest seaports in Scotland that has a tradition of the textile industry, the organization is willing to start operating within its location. Such a decision is likely to give it not only an opportunity to develop and reach new locations but also to enhance its competitiveness. However, the overall success of the organization also depends on the way it will be met by the population. That is why, it is vital for ABC Company to develop a detailed plan for the municipal wastewater treatment process aligned with both national and local legislation, paying enormous attention to the societal effects and consequences faced by stakeholders. Municipal Wastewater Treatment Process According to Aziz and Mojiri (2014), ABC Company should ensure the accomplishment of the six main stages of the wastewater treatment process. It should start with wastewater collection and its separation, ending with disinfecting and return of clean water to the environment or its reuse. Of course, it can maintain all of them without external assistance. However, it is critical to consider whether it will be profitable for the company, as there is also an opportunity to get in contact with other organizations and collaborate instead of spending money on additional equipment. As the population of Aberdeen is engaged in different industries but is also willing to have clear water, it has several firms that are focused on wastewater treatment. If ABC Company cooperates with one of them, it will appeal to the representatives of the general public due to its determination to preserve nature and support local companies, providing citizens with the opportunity to be employed and paid for their services. Social and Environmental Significance of Wastewater Treatment The quality of water is critical for society and the environment because the amount of clean water is limited, especially in arid and semi-arid regions (Garcia & Pargament, 2015). Thus, it is vital to ensure that the desire of the ABC Company to build a plant near the North Sea will not have an adverse influence on people’s health and wellbein
Introduction Evanston, IL, is a city close to Chicago with a population of over 75,000 people. It is a small and quite young city as the median age of the people living there was 34.3 years in 2009 ( Eplan 2011-2016 , 2011). People are living in favorable conditions with strong communities and lots of recreational areas and have quite active lifestyles. However, irrespective of the median age and favorable living conditions, mortality of the city is almost 1%. It is noteworthy that cardiovascular disorders account for 41% of all deaths in the city ( Eplan 2011-2016 , 2011). This paper will highlight the necessity to focus on this health problem in the city. Community In the city in question, almost 70% of people are adults between 18 and 65 ( State , 2014). 12% of people are older than 65 years. The community is diverse in terms of ethnicity though more than half of the population (65%) is white people, 18% are Africans, 9% are Hispanic and 9% are Asians ( State , 2014). The average income per capita is higher than in the state though more than 10% of people are below poverty ( State , 2014). It is also necessary to add that high school graduates (or those having higher education) constitute 93,9% of those who are over 25 years ( State , 2014). As has been mentioned above, the city is characterized by strong communities as people join different societies and groups. People also try to have active lifestyles. Demographic and Epidemiological Data The city of Evanston has quite young population as only 12% of people are over 65 years ( State , 2014). Mortality in the city is 0.74% and it is estimated that 41% of deaths resulted from cardiovascular disorders ( Eplan 2011-2016 , 2011). It is noteworthy that the demographic data are quite similar in Evanston and the state. Thus, in Illinois, 12,5% of people are over 65 years ( State , 2014). At that, mortality rate is very similar to the one in Evanston (0.79%) and cardiovascular disorders account for 45% of deaths ( Eplan 2011-2016 , 2011). This data suggest that people in Evanston and the entire state are in risk of developing heart disorders when they get older. It is noteworthy that 22% of all deaths (including 4% of premature (younger than 65) cases) were caused by chronic heart disorders in Evanston ( Eplan 2011-2016 , 2011). Windshield Survey It is necessary to note that the rate of cardiovascular disorders is rather high for a city with such young population. More so, it is clear that people living in the city pay significant attention to their health and they can afford high-quality healthcare services. There are healthcare units which can provide people with all the necessary services. More so, people have active lifestyles and spend significant time doing exercise (walking, jogging, and so on). There are no big industrial areas and plants and
Health Condition Public health is a concept of “promoting health, preventing disease, and prolonging life through the organized efforts of society” (Karrar n.d., p. 3). It is the goal of most health promotions to improve public health since it affects the entire population over a prolonged period of time. In order for a public health promotion to have the maximum efficiency and outreach, it should follow a proper structure and socio-behavioral model. These theories target an aspect of society that requires change and the organizations developing a health promotion campaign can determine the best approach. The social-ecological model is used in public health promotion programs to address cardiovascular disease which is prevalent in the UAE. Public health supports the use of an ecological model for chronic disease prevention. Programs using this approach target specific levels of the model as a method to promote an active lifestyle which helps to prevent chronic disease. However, the ecological model has not been evaluated in regard to intervention at the community-based level. The article by Cargo et al. assesses the use of the ecological model in Aboriginal community level interventions to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type-2 diabetes (2011). Chronic cardiovascular diseases present a major risk to society. Despite many challenges, the socio-ecological framework is most effective in public health interventions at the community and population level translating into policy. The UAE has experienced a rapid increase of CVD and associated medical causes. The drivers contributing to the risk factors of chronic diseases include the prevalence of obesity (67% of adults, 43% children) as well as diabetes (18% of adults). These statistics greatly exceed the norms established by the World Health Organization and are the greatest contributors to early mortality and poor life quality in the UAE (Hajat, Harrison & Shather 2012). The Weqaya program was developed as a high impact public health promotion campaign using primary care to target the population through education, screening, and levels of preve