ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
To think the media in Western countries believe their weekly programs can give a general overview on countries found in the African continent. This will be absurd even if they inject a small bit of good news on the African continent because the news cannot change the way the world sees the African continent. “Neither does the use of African presenters by the western media houses to report on the African continent in a way that it’s unable to fend for itself and the only solution is to get help from already developed Western countries”( Straubhaar, p. 15). “In the Western countries, Africa is seen as a continent which its inhabitants dying of hunger, war and HIV/AIDS which spreads like bush fire” (Katz, p. 12). The Western media have every right to highlight the problems that affect the African continent to the rest of the world, however there reporting on the African continent tend to be unbalanced and most of the coverage about Africa tend to be on the negative side, giving little or no coverage of notable progress and achievement that is occurring in African countries. Most of these media houses in the Western countries continue to gain at Africa’s expense; they are doing a disservice to Africans who have started riding on the wheels of change in their respective countries. “These Western media are undermining Africa history, their rich culture and the overall historical contribution they have made to the world affairs” (Fourie, p. 45). “All the efforts should be taken by the reporters and government in the western world and the people in general to uphold the professional ethics that calls for the highest level of balance in their reporting” (Rampa, p. 56), even if they are operating in a competitive media world. African governments and another private sectors should not depend on western reporters in terms of what is reported in the African press in their respective countries. The nations in Africa are high time to find the need of establishing an alternative media so that can be used to counter the western media reporting negatively on African continents. The Western views should be first being exposed to first-hand information to the Africa continent and with that, they will reduce their dependency on Discovery channels or Animal Planet to inform their view of the African continent. Many Americans when they visit the Africa continent get shocked about the reality that is there in the Africa continent. Most of these visitors from America get shocked when they discover that Africa is not a land of unrelenting disasters that is portrayed in the American media. Most of these reporters use the Africa continent as a springboard to fame their stall careers or in other i.e. they use Africa to breathe life into their flagging career. There
This presentation is devoted to a project proposal that examines the introduction of depression management guidelines developed by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence [NICE] (2016a) into the practice of the nurses of the VEGA medical center with the aim of improving the quality of care for elderly patients with depression. This topic is of importance for VEGA because the center does not employ any specific depression management guidelines. However, depression is a common condition in VEGA’s patients, and the majority of the patients are elderly. As a result, the center is interested in facilitating this project. Introduction   * Objectives:       + Project review (PICOT, settings, evaluation and dissemination plans, etc.).       + Recommendations.       + Discussion (Q&A). The presentation pursues the following objectives. First, it will present you with a review of the project. Then, it will suggest a couple of recommendations to be used during the project and, possibly, other similar projects. Finally, the discussion of the project will be welcomed. Let us begin with the first objective. Project Purpose   * Depression: signifi
Introduction Traumatic events such as abuse, domestic violence, sexual abuse, and combat trauma can have long-term psychological and physical effects. According to Butler et al. (2019), trauma negatively affects ordinary coping systems that give people control and meaning in their life, rendering them helpless. Healthcare organizations which provide services to individuals who have experienced trauma need to comply with trauma informed care (TIC) principles. The Hudson Valley Health care system (HVHCS) provides care to elderly veterans with mental conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and dementia (“Post-traumatic stress disorder,” 2015). Other healthcare services offered at the health center include twenty-four-hour care services in home settings, reproductive treatment related to military sexual violence, providing home caregivers to elderly veterans, telehealth, hospice and palliative care, family support, and patient education. The target patient population is veterans between the age of 50 and 97. PTSD patients experience distressing thoughts, flashbacks, and intrusive reminders of their experiences with adverse events. Given that veterans are the target population in HVHCS, they are likely to have witnessed terrorist acts, war/combat, or death threats that can be debilitating to their mental health. These events (warfare, political and personal violence, and oppressive social conditions) most often involve grave human rights violations that cause human suffering. Trauma-informed care (TIC) can create approaches to intervene in human suffering. Social work at the organization involves identifying patients’ psychosocial, mental, and emotional needs and helping them access appropriate care. Trauma Training Despite TIC’s value being appreciated by the healthcare system, it has not been widely implemented because of healthcare practitioners’ unfamiliarity with its principles. According to a report by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), many healthcare providers lack understanding of individual actions needed to support effective trauma care (Menschner & Maul, 2016) Additionally, traditional treatments are inconsistent with contemporary TIC principles, increasing the need for training. Therefore, training is a prerequisite for the effective adoption of TIC principles. However, HVHCS does not train staff, including new employees, on trauma-informed care. Without training, healthcare providers may not have the required skills to effectively address patients’ needs. All clients have unique experiences and challenging behaviors and their elimination represents the cornerstone of mental health treatment. However, a significant variation exists between trauma-informed care and trauma-focused therapy. TIC involves creating a safe environment that enables collaboration, trust, choice, and empowerment in healthcare settings. On the contrary, trauma-focused therapy concentrates on provi
Abstract Kamal works with NDC, which is a subsidiary of the ADNOC group of companies. He is tasked with the responsibility of coming up with a program that can reduce accidents on rig sites, and thus he creates the Green Hats Program before becoming the head of the Training Center at NDC. Kamal and Saleh are at loggerheads, which causes unnecessary conflict in the workplace. Ultimately, Kamal resigns to take care of his family. This paper is a case analysis of the issues surrounding NDC and especially the conflict between Kamal and Saleh. The paper starts with a summary of the pertinent facts of the case before giving an appraisal of the situation and assessment of plausible alternative strategies. It then gives a personal choice of action and strategy and concludes with an analysis of generalizations of what can be learned from the case study. A summary of the pertinent facts of the case The Green Hats Program is established as a response to the growing number of accidents on rig sites. Such accidents have caused death and the destruction of property. It is established that accidents occur due to the unpreparedness and inexperience of workers concerning drilling activities. Kamal comes up with the Green Hats Program, which requires all new recruits to put on green helmets as a way of distinguishing them from the experienced workforce. All workers wearing green hats are then exempted from executing duties involving critical or hazardous exercises. Besides, the program requires all new workers to work in the company of an experienced counterpart for safety and orientation purposes. The program lasts for six weeks. The International Association of Drilling Contractors (IADC) award allows NDC to be an accredi
The PEEEL framework has enabled me to enhance the multidisciplinary approach that is required in policy and advocacy initiatives. I have noted that the framework is a vital component of a much wide-ranging public health policy backdrop (Anholt, Stephen & Copes, 2012). In my work experience, I have been involved in the communal policy intermediations and prevention of childhood obesity. During this experience, I was able to apply two of the PEEL disciplines. They are politics and economics. I learned that politics has to permit such policies to be effective. During my approach, I was able to implement several government policies and programs with respect to obesity. For instance, we assisted patients to adhere to nutritional rules recommended by national clinical guidelines. My initiatives were successful because we received political support from both the federal and the national government. With respect to economics, I was able to come up with an evidenced-based research that indicated that obesity among children was related to the parents’ socioeconomic status (Hardy, Bohan & Trotter, 2013). For instance, child obesity was prevalent among lower-income families in the United States. From the above experience, I learned a lot of information about how politics and economics affected communal policy intermediations and prevention of childhood obesity. As such, I noted that government, medical service providers, and the public must work together to find and implement appropriate measures to end the consequences of obesity among the children. I learned that the government could play a huge role in preventing child obesity. For instance, Congress can pass laws that oversee nutrition classification on packed foods, advocacy, and calorie tagging on hotel menus. I also learned that economic decisions influenced food choices among American communities. In this respect, the government should bridge the gap that exists between social classes to enable all citizens to have access to foods that enhance healthy living. I will apply this knowledge in the future by encouraging all the stakeholders to formulate and implement laws that increase access to garden-fresh fruits and green vegetables. In my advocacy related experience, I was also able to apply ethics and epidemiology. I participated in public campaigns sensitizing the public about the effects of child obesity. During these advocacy-related experience ethics issues arose. The concerns involved the forms of health policies that are allowed in
“The Prince” is one of the most famous historical and political works. It was written in 1513 Florence, Italy, but published only in 1532. This book can be understood as the first modern text of political theory in the West because it sets down a pattern of conduct and policy which a “wise” sovereign should follow if he desires success in winning and maintaining a kingdom, and as the most important it separates statecraft and politics from ethics and personal gain often mixed by Renaissance writers. The humanists who had written books about princes had written in the idealistic and scholastic medieval tradition; they were ridden by theology and metaphysics. Machiavelli rejected metaphysics, theology, and idealism typical for other works of his time. The whole direction of his work is toward a political realism, unknown to the formal writing of Renaissance (Cunningham and Reich, 2005). In this work, Machiavelli gives insights into social organization as the basis of politics. In contrast to other wr
The Sunday evenings at St George Square are very energetic with weekend crowds of individuals, families, and group tour operators fill up the place. The special Sunday sermons, wind instrument performance by the team of disadvantaged and tour trips around the town in the age-old trams are the major attractions here. The place is experienced hectic construction-related development activities in order to accommodate the needs of a growing population. The Church ground located in the heart of the town is an ideal location for a resting place enjoying the cool breeze even though the rising commotion during a certain period of time could cause a bit of unpleasantness. Sitting there and assessing the soundscape of the region was a long-term objective that I had in my mind as part of my academic curiosity. A wide range of amplitudes at irregular rhythms and varying times of occurrences along with a few clearly distinct continuous types and also pleasant melodious tunes depict the general picture of the acoustic spectrum prevalent in this place. All these reasons make this place an ideal one for such an exercise. To classify the sounds generated here into finer levels is a difficult exercise. The major share in this spectrum is man-made or generated from machine operations. The sound of vehicular traffic especially road trams, the noise of vibrators and excavators from the construction sites, and periodic church bell chimes are predominant. The only natural one was those chirruping of sparrows that have flocked for the bits of nuts spread in the bird feeding point in the churchyard. The predominant human sound was the gentle, feeble but melodious flute tunes and the broken parts of speech that occasionally flowed out the church with the help of the prevalent wind pattern. The closer analysis was done on three important parameters – the level of decibel which represented the amplitude as it was the only way i
Introduction Utilitarianism is one of the most debated concepts in normative ethics. The theory revolves around the argument that any action is considered desirable or ethical when it brings about maximum happiness or good. According to the developers of utilitarianism, actions are best justified by looking at the potential of those actions to reduce suffering and maximize happiness. However, utilitarianism has been subjected to criticisms from several moral philosophers who capitalize on the weakness of the theory as far as the establishment of moral grounds in the society is concerned. Moral philosophers who have subjected utilitarianism to criticism include Bernard Williams and Philip Pettit (Danaher para. 1). The argument by Williams is that utilitarianism cannot pass the integrity test that should be the foundation of any moral philosophy. This paper presents the criticisms of utilitarianism as opined by Williams and the counter criticism of Williams’ criticism by Pettit. Williams’ objection of utilitarianism Williams indicates that any moral theory has to stand and pass the integrity theory. The moral obligations of the doors of any actions are to ensure that the action is acceptable and not just because the action maximizes happiness. Williams opines that utilitarianism compromises morality in society. Williams argues against the concept of maximum utility as opined by developers of the utilitarian theory by arguing that it can be used to justify immoral acts in society. According to Williams, utilitarianism encourages negative responsibility by focusing on certain actions and ignoring other probable actions that can be taken by the doer of an action (Danaher para. 2). Williams opines that responsibility entails what one allows to happen, as well as what one fails to prevent from happening. Williams observed that utilitarian rejects the universal principle that a person is responsible for what he or she does rather than the course that is pursued by other people. According to the concept of morality, as opined by Williams, failure of an individual to take action is an action itself. As far as the action satisfies that individual, its moral basis is assessed not basing only on what the person does and what he does not do (Ashford 423). Williams noted that the effects of an action that result from the failure of a person to take action could also lay on the person who fails to take action. An action of a person can prevent another immoral action from taking effect in the society, indicating the broadness of the concept of moral responsibility that is overlooked by the proponents of utilitarianism. In an ut
Theological Basis for Missions Missions work is the reason for the global presence of Christianity. Without missions, Christian believers in the 1st century A.D. had no compelling reason to venture out the beyond the boundaries of Israel. Before going any further, it is important to clarify the meaning of missions. This particular concept is a Christian jargon that has gone through various interpretations. Thus, the said term can be used in different ways. It must be made clear that missions work is not the same as medical missions and other related activities. A missionary is not someone who sets up a foundation to help the less fortunate. Global missionaries are not ordinary Christian workers. The primary goal of global missions is to reach out to a group of people characterized by a difference in language and culture. 1 It also makes sure that every nationality, tribe, and clan are represented in heaven. Missionaries work in partnership with the Lord, so that the whole world learns how to worship the one true God. Evidence from the Old Testament Abraham is known as the Father of faith. It can be argued that Abraham had to play a major role in God’s plan to save mankind. Abraham was the grandfather of Jacob, and Jacob was the father of the twelve tribes of Israel. Therefore, God’s words regarding Abraham’s destiny plays an important part in the preaching of the Gospel. Take a closer look at the first major encounter between God and Abraham, and carefully scrutinize the words that were spoken that day. In the context of missions work, the key phrase is the following: “And in you all the families of the Earth shall be blessed.” 2 There are two insights that leads to the assertion that “global missions” is not just about preaching the Gospel to neighbors and countrymen. God’s words to Abraham clarifies the claim, that missionaries are supposed to reach out to people that are different from them in terms of language and culture. The first key insight is the use of the word nations or families. The concept of a geopolitical nation is a new invention. Before the concept of geopolitical countries was invented, people were identified under the authority of a king, feudal lord, and tribal leader. Thus, the word “nation” must be interpreted in a different way. It must be interpreted as God’s desire to reach out to different ethnic groups, tribes, or clans. This is the reason why in other versions the word “nation” was replaced with the word family. The second key insight is the use of a global reference. God told Abraham that all the families of the Earth must receive the blessing from the Almighty. The blessing that God was referring to was the blessing that he gave to Abraham. In other words, Abraham’s descendants are not only expected to talk about God, they were expected to help other people experience the same type of blessing that they received from God. Evidence from the New Testament In the Gospel according to Matthew, one can find the following: “Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son and the of the Holy Spirit.” 3 In the
Introduction The chapter, Personal pronouns by Shulamuth Chiat discusses the acquisition of personal pronouns in children. A pronoun is often described as a word that is used in the place of a noun. Personal pronouns are, thus, words that are used to replace the noun referring to a particular person. The chapter critically analyzes how children gain the skill to use personal pronouns effectively. Additionally, Chiat looks into the role of pragmatics, semantics, syntax and morphology in the acquisition of personal pronouns. Evidence of the arguments proposed is efficiently provided throughout the chapter making it a very good read. In proving her arguments, Chiat argues that pronoun development is a very complex process. Additionally, the evidence provided proves that there are very many factors that affect the development of pronouns in a child that will also affect the use of the same pronouns later on in life. Summary Chiat starts the chapter by lining pronouns are speech roles. She states clearly that speech roles denote the purpose of a word as used in the sentence. For example, in saying “I went to church yesterday” a person has already denoted several roles. The “I” in the sentence is the subject. The same “I” refers to someone whose name has not been given presumably because that person is already known and is the person sending the message (speaking). If the person was unknown to the receiver of the message, and was not the person speaking or sending the message, then the sentences would be “Mary Jane went to church yesterday”. Thus the “I” in the first sentence refers to “Mary Jane” making it a pronoun, a personal pronoun. In the same breath, Chiat investigates other forms of the personal pronoun. Apart from ‘I” other personal pronouns include: she, you, he and the plural personal pronoun “they”. “He” and “She” also refer to a particular person. For example, “Mary went to school”. In this instance, “Mary” is the subject