There is no use denying the fact that religion is an integral part of human society. It has appeared with the first signs of civilization when people were not able to explain some phenomena and attributed them some divine nature. It was made in order to help them to understand this world better and, at the same time, to reduce the fear of the unknown. Attributing divine qualities to some objects, people protected themselves as faith was a powerful remedy which could also help society to develop. That is why, religion has been evolving along with society, obtaining new features and becoming more and more complicated. Finally, humanity managed to come to the idea of monotheism which replaced the pagandom and became the leading one. Since that time blistering development of various monotheist religions have started. Christianity was among them. It has appeared in the I century in Palestine as the evolution of Old Testament Judaism. However, at its beginning it was not more than a local religion acknowledged by a low number of people. However, it developed and even during the rule of Nero it was known in a great number of Roman provinces (Lunn-Rockliffe para. 7). However, it was just the beginning of its spread and in several decades religions influence became so significant that Roman Emperors, who tried to destroy it at the beginning of its development, had to accept Christianity as the national religion. This step meant that the greater part of the population of Empire, which sized all civilized world, acknowledged this religion. Since that time, Christianity had passed a long way to become one of the most powerful world religions. However, having a great number of people who considered Christianity to be their religion, the church, which appeared as the religious community of people who believed in Jesus Christ, had to create a certain infrastructure in order to rule and coordinate all these people and show them the way in which they should serve God. Moreover, it was obvious that like any organization, it had to have some people who would be able to manage its development and choose directions in which to move. According to the Catholic Churchs teachings, Jesus Christ personally appointed apostle Peter as the leader of the Church, who had to protect it and manage its functioning and development (“History of the Papacy” para. 5). The thing is that Peter was the head of apostles, and, according to this pattern, bishops, who were taken as their successors, should be headed by the Pope, who was taken as Peters successor. This way of the organization of the church became the basis for its further development. Nowadays, the Pope is the head of the Church (“The Pope’s Role in the Church” para. 5). However, no one appoints him, as it is chosen among all bishops by their collective decision. Besides, having created its structure, Christian Church managed to become very efficient and promote its further development. It should be said that at various periods of time the role of the Church varied and it is possible to analyze this very process. It is obvious, that during the Roman period the Church, and the Pope as its head, did not have great influence on the social life and were not able to interfere in the policy which the governor of the empire performed. However, with the development of religion and society, more and more power became concentrated in the hands of Popes. It should be said that a