ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The above named event can be termed as a festival as it is clearly reflected in the name. This means that displaying the various items will be a major undertaking, there has to be a sense of fun and festivity in the event. A number of arts and crafts from various parts of the world will be on display. Where possible, nationals from the participating countries will be invited so as to explain to viewers the cultural and artistic significance of the items that will be on display. The event will be held on the 16 th of October 2010. The Hay High school field will serve as the venue because it is big enough and therefore able to accommodate as many people as possible. Its closeness to the main road is also adds to its strength as an ideal location for this event because people will not have to struggle to access it. In order to accord the viewers sufficient time to view the items on display, the event will run from eight in the morning till six in the evening. This will be a ten hour viewing period for the viewers. The Mission of the Event Defining the mission of the event determines the level of success (Coons 1999, pp.15-17).In addition to informing the people on the huge variety of arts and crafts the company has been able to collect from various parts of the world over time, this event will be a good opportunity to educate the people on the way of life in other parts of the world. We live in a world of diversity but the commonality of human destiny is evident in the way of life led by every race or ethnic group on earth. This therefore will be a chance to clear the bias and suspicion that some members of the community may be having towards other cultures that may be different that their own. In addition to the above, this event will act as a way of extending our corporate social responsibility to the people amongst whom we do business. Since the viewers will not be asked to pay any money to view the arts and crafts, they will surely appreciate the effort of the company is organizing this event. The fact that school children from local schools will be given a chance to examine the items on display will make the event even more meaningful to the community. This will give the company a good image. Objectives The objectives of the event include the enhancement of the image of the company and the exposure of the local people to other cultures. Company enhancement will occur through the free viewership granted to the community members while the exposure of the people to other cultures will be accomplished through the utilization of arts and crafts from different parts of the world. Organization of the Event The event will be run by a team headed by a manager. These team will oversee the setting up of the display stalls, the procurement of other needed materials securing the place with the help of the local la
Abstract The 2007-2009 economic recession was mainly caused by collapse of the housing sector. It was characterized by high rates of unemployment, low interest rates, decline of the stock market, loss of payroll jobs, and decline of GDP growth. Unemployment rate rose to 10 percent, the highest since 1983. The Federal Funds rate was reduced to 0%. The government created the stimulus package to stimulate economic growth. The Fed conducted quantitative easing (QE) to counter the recession. QE1, QE2, and QE3 contained varying incentives. The GDP growth declined and the stock market declines. The Dow Average went as low as 6,594.44. Today, the economy has recovered significantly experiencing a 0.4 %GDP growth in the first quarter of 2013. Unemployment rate has dropped to 7 %, the lowest rate since 2008. Economic recovery is evident even though effects of the recession are still evident. Introduction The main objective of this report is to examine and evaluate factors that led to the 2007-2009 recession. It will present a critical evaluation of the monetary and fiscal policy measures put in place by policy makers to avert the recession’s adverse effects. Section 2 will analyze the causes of the recession. Section 3 will analyze the impact of the financial crisis on the US economy in different sectors. Section 4 will discuss monetary policy measures put in place by the Federal Reserve to alleviate the negative effects of the recession on the economy. This will be followed by section 5 that will discuss the fiscal policies established y the government in reaction to the recession. Section 6 will evaluate the effectiveness and usefulness of fiscal and monetary policies. Section 7 will evaluate the current state of the economy after the recession. Finally, section 8 will conclude the entire report by reiterating the findings. Causes of the recession The global financial crisis of 2007 largely distorted the economic landscapes of many countries leading to what has been labeled as the “great recession.” The crisis was triggered by collapse of the housing market in the US towards the end of 2007 (Moseley 35). The housing bubble originated in the 1980s. The role of Government Sponsored Enterprises increased thus expanding the secondary mortgage market (Brezina 45). This led to creation of a new type of mortgage referred to as mortgage-backed securities (MBS). For example, the Federal National Mortgage Association and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation bought mortgages from the secondary market and later sold them as mortgage-backed securities (Brezina 48). This led to issuance of mortgage to lenders without legal documentation at rates that did not match the risk involved (Grusky et. al 64). As a result, rate of mortgage lending went high. Buyers fro
Abstract Steve Wynn hotels and casinos is an enviable position. It is perceived as the leader in the gaming industry. Its aggressive expansion to China, specifically in the gaming city of Macau, encourated major players to follow Wynn’s lead and together they transformed Macau as a mirror-image of Las Vegas. However, Steve Wynn and his business associates must keep an eye on sustainability, innovation and risk management, if they want to survive and thrive in the 21 st century. Introduction Steve Wynn’s hotels and casinos, in Las Vegas and Macau, are viewed as enviable business models in the gaming industry. In the present time, the company is considered as the role model on how to operate a profitable hotel and casino enterprise. However, the company must focus on innovation, sustainability and risk management to outlast competitors in the 21 st century. The Importance of Mr. Steven Wynn? In a book entitled, Managing Reputational Risk , the author asserted that, “Investors will often pay a premium for equity in companies with a good corporate reputation and robust governance because the risk is lower. McKinsey’s global investor study found out that, around the world, 73-78% of investors are prepared to pay a premium for companies exhibiting high governance standards” (Rayner, 2004, p.29). If Steve Wynn decides to abandon the company, he will take investors’ money with him, whereever he decides to go. The company’s credit lines will dry up. In other words, the company will most likely fail, if Steve Wynn is not at the helm of the organization. Strengths and Weaknesses of Wynn’s Macau In China’s booming economy, there are millions of Chinese citizens that have acces to significant amounts of disposable income. The are atrracted to the sights and sounds of Macau. The added allure is that there is no not need to fly halfway around the world in order to have a Las Vegas experience. Nevertheless, Macau is a distant runner-up to Las Vegas, in terms of investor confidence and sustainable growth. There are plenty of potential pitfalls and there are many variables that are almost impossible to quantify. There are so many sources of problems when a US-based company invests billions of dollars in an emerging market. For example, China did not have full control of Macau until the Portuguese government handed it back in 1999. Steve Wynn and his corporate leaders are going to invest a lot of money and energy in terms of monitoring the political and economic situation around the region. In recent years, the most disruptive issue is the tension created by China’s aggressive stance when it comes to territorial disputes with neighboring countries like Vietnam, Japan, and the Philippines. One wrong move from either side of the fence can rapidly escalate into a full-blown diplomatic disaster. When this happens, tourism will be severely affected and Wynn Macau may have to close down. Sustainability, Innovation, and Risk Management Steve Wynn must simultaneously focus on sustainability, innova
Introduction The financial success and social influence of organizations are due to complex horizontal and vertical structure of work processes. I viewed the article that explains these structural principles through the relationships of participants in terms of formal and informal power. Gained knowledge gave me an understanding of what forms dependent work relationships and how informal attitude helps achieve respect among high ranks in the organization. The Essence of Work Relationship The interdependent position of employees is a natural feature of any structure. According to Mechanic (1962), “one makes others dependent upon him by controlling access to information, persons, and instrumentalities…” (p. 352). Information refers not only to specific work skills and rules but also to formal and informal data. Instrumentalities and persons imply the availability of the necessary materials and quick and direct contact with the needed cooperator. It is essential to acknowledge these components to avoid work conflicts and maintain the principles of equality in which I believe. The Strength of Informal Power Among the lower members of the organization, informal power is the primary approach to completing objectives. The article I have studied changed my perspective on how employees can influence high ranks, thereby increasing their working status. Researchers note that “in many cases, informal leaders are quite powerful because they draw from referent or expert power” (Learning, 2018). Personal friendships and knowledge of informal needs can efficiently solve the task set by the management. An informal approach makes employees a valuable resource for higher ranks, and therefore they depend on them, which help workers to move up the career ladder. Conclusion Awareness of the three principles of working relationships and informal power is useful not only for lower participants but also for management. The viewed article will help in building a team where the principles of equality and mutual respect will come first. For me, it gave a new look at how the working process and policies are developing between two radically different parties of the organization’s participants.
Introduction Terrorism involves the intentional use of violence against civilians. Terrorists are done for political purposes. In some cases, conflicts between religions cause terrorism. The global economy has been affected by terrorism in the past, and people fear terror attacks. Terrorism has affected the global economies because the emergence of globalization created the unity of different countries. When the economy of a country is affected, other countries are affected. Trade between different countries has led to the spill-over effect of terror attacks in certain countries. Therefore, a crisis affecting one country affects the other countries due to the interconnections between or among them. Terrorism has impacted the global economy negatively. Various strategies have been applied to fight terrorism, however, terrorism continues to be a substantial threat to economic development (Jackson, 2). This study shows how terrorism has impacted the global economy negatively. The paper indicates that terrorism is instrumental in causing adverse effects to economic activities. Background Terrorism has been a serious menace to global economies. Governments have united in the fight against terrorism. For about thirty five years, the incidents of terrorist have accumulated to twenty thousand. These incidents have caused the death of more than ninety thousand people. Terrorism affects the economies of countries in that it prevents foreign investors from investing in a country that has a high rate of attacks. In addition, terrorism also causes destruction of property and infrastructure (Young, 12). Terrorism and the global economies Other than the casualties and physical destruction which result of the attacks, terrorists inflict a grave harm to the modern economies globally. There are many ways in which terrorists harm economies. Some of them include; it reduces consumers, and firms’ expectations for the future, it forces private sector and governments to spend vast amounts of resources to security measures, hence reduce efficiency in vulnerable industries. This redirects the investment away from productive economic uses. Terrorism has also caused consumer businesses and investors to avoid areas which are perceived to have a high risk. The geopolitical conflict triggered by terrorist may cause further economic disruptions (Setty, 25). In reference to the data from the 2005MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Database, which has more than 20,000 incidents of terrorism, it is evident that the higher the number of terror attacks, the lower the lower the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per Capital Growth and the lower the capital formation. In addition, when the terror attacks increase, the GDP per capita declines (Phillips 182). The September 11 attacks in the US had a significant macroeconomic impact, and it seriously altered the outlook of a number of industries. With the US being the world’s largest importer, the world economy experienced reduced growth. The US fiscal situation worsened as a result of the attack (Lutz, James and Brenda 1525). It spent a
A portfolio can be defined as a collection of n evidence that is used to show or prove students’ performance. They are usually in written form. A portfolio has many definitions; it can also be defined as a tool or document that can be used as a quality measure. The value of the portfolio can only depend on the way that it is taken or the process that is used to measure the quality and it should depend on the end product instead. However, research clearly shows that various portfolios cannot be identified or cannot be identified unless a standard measure is established. There are just various standard criteria that can be applied or can be used to ensure that these portfolios are uniform. The first strategy that can be used here is the point scale. For example, the post-registration program at a UK university, was established and in fact, it has come out to be among the best criteria to be used in grading programs, this is how the criteria at the post-program at a UK university work; A ten-point was introduced whereby from point zero to three here shows or indicates that there is little or evidence, and from the point of three to the point of four indicates that the evidence of the criterion has been met in all its aspects. Nevertheless, these are essentially skewed pointers whose soundness and trustworthiness could only be judged if outfitted definitions of little or no evidence were provided. The portfolio by itself simply records the process, rather than supplying any measure of quality. The quality and standards of the portfolio can also be verified in another way. The other way that research also shows that can help or can be very effective is called the practice assessment document. Here, the sufficiency of the knowledge base can be tested through an examination. This calls for the evaluation of clinical performance and skills in practice settings should be assessed separately from the reflective aspects recorded in a portfolio. Anyway the sometimes the attempts to demonstrate the validity of portfolio scoring systems fail because of the terminologies that are always used in the definition of scores, the complexity of the scoring rubric, lack of understanding of the levels of student performance, and lack of agreement regarding characteristics most valued by the evaluators. As a result, it is not possible to show portfolio scores correlate with those on other tests such as the standardized examinations used at the state level in the US for registration as a nurse. In summary, issues of validity and reliability in the assessment of student nurse clinical competence using portfolios have been discussed widely in the literature in the UK but solutions to the problems are underdeveloped. On the other hand, parameters for portfolio evaluation in clinical academic settings can be; communication skills enhancement, here the students must be or they should show a patient-centered direction.
Arid and semi-arid lands refer to those areas which receive too low or too unreliable rainfall for cropping or sown pastures. The land and climate of arid and semi-arid areas are comparable in different parts of the world, but socio-economic factors vary. Different countries have over the years employed different strategies for development, extension, and management in the drylands. All of these strategies require the utilization of water resources which include lakes and rivers. These water sources are normally shared by more than one country considering the fact that rivers, lakes, and seas are normally used as boundaries between different countries. Therefore, this has not escaped international conflicts on the utilization of the resource. This has therefore led to many discussions where the questions like who should exercise control have been raised and to what level each country should utilize the resource. It is a fact that freshwater is a scarce resource in many regions of the world. Despite that, it is vital for human existence and for economic development. Its already limited supply is being confronted with a growing demand for this resource. As countries are increasingly exploiting international water resources, tensions and threats of violent conflicts arise. Using the example of the Nile Basin, the prospects and probabilities for peace are examined by means of considering democracy economic interdependence. The shared membership in international organizations is the factor that increases the possibility of peace. In most accounts, the major players in the Nile Basin, which are Egypt, Sudan, and Ethiopia perform rather poorly, but realist constraints on the likelihood of war, as well as recent signs of the will to co-operate on the management of the Nile waters, are more of giving positive signs. As per the quotes, ‘The next war in our region will be over the waters of the Nile.’ (Boutros Boutros-Ghali, former Egypt’s Minister of State for Foreign Affairs, 1988.1) Planet Earth is the only one that harbours life due to t
Introduction Bite Blessings will be a 60 seat fine-dining hotel & restaurant with approximately 20 seat lounges. We will mainly focus on modern Chinese and African dishes. We will be located in the booming, stable and developed city of the United Kingdom, London. It will be situated along Marylebone High Street, North of Oxford Street. Marylebone is a 10-minute walk to the high street from Bond street station, nearby Chiltern Street frequented by women shoppers. Product Concept & Situational analysis After a careful survey of the location, it was discovered that it would be favorable and quite profitable to sell beverages and various kinds of light foodstuffs. The restaurant is expected to offer the best among its immediate competitors bearing in mind that there are several restaurants nearby that offer equally competitive services. In addition, the restaurant is expected to have a state-of-the-art lounge and serene dining room with adequate furniture. The room is also expected to be spacious enough to meet the high number of visitors during the peak season. Furthermore, the contents of what will be sold in the restaurant will be chosen after careful review of customers’ tastes and preferences. The menu will be dynamic, changing according to the choice of clientele (Kendall, 1996). There will be a caution to keep the favorites. Prices will be competitive since Bite Blessings is not a standalone restaurant in the street. However, it is the desire of our restaurant to offer better and quality services than our competitors. Marketing objectives Bite Blessing’s objectives are:  1. To keep employee labor cost between 24-29% of total revenue.  2. To stay in the market and offer excellent services.  3. To average sales between £3000, 000 – £5000, 000 per year.  4. To expand our marketing and advertising in Africa and Asia at large. Strategies, financials and implementation Our anticipation is that our menu will cater to various categories of customers. A wide array of catering services will be offered. As a matter of fact, the revenue plan is such that catering sales will generate fifteen percent of the sales while the remaining 85 percent will be generated from sales made right from the main restaurant activities. On the other hand, 33 percent will cater for production costs and the remaining 67 percent will be part of gross profit. These financial projections are based on our knowledge and experience
Today’s technology is rapidly changing thus rendering existing technology and equipment obsolete quite often. This applies to electronic devices and equipment like computers, printers, copiers, scanners, keyboards and monitors. A recent study indicates that 300 million and above computers were obsolete in 2007 and the number was expected to triple by 2013. This poses a challenge on disposal of such obsolete equipment by schools (Sawyer, 2010). E-Waste contains toxic elements that may be harmful to the environment if crushed, burned or disposed at landfills. Such toxic elements may be harmful to the school’s population. Therefore, there are several recommended disposal mechanisms. Computer and equipment purchase done in a life cycle. Computers and equipment purchased by the school should be done in a life cycle. This means at the time of purchase the school makes an appropriation of how long the machines are to be used and disposed. The school disposes the machines in bulk which is simple. Recycling by vendors. The school can contact the vendors and suppliers of such equipment for disposal. Also, when making new purchases, ensure the vendor has a return/ recycling program. Donation to others. The school can opt to donate usable equipment to charitable organizations. This goes a long way as a way of giving back to the community. Auctioning unused equipment. The school can identify the surplus equipment and organize a local auction to dispose them off. This generates some income for the school. Use of commercial recyclers. The school can use the services of an electronic commercial recycler, county or state recycler to dispose its used computers and equipment. The school can fully adopt the above mechanisms for effective and efficient disposal off their e-waste.