ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Romanticism The evolution witnessed in the realm of literature provides us with a broad perspective regarding what the world is up to. Through diverse aspects the evolution in literary works reflects the changes anticipated in the society. Hence, the development of such dynamics as romanticism, modernism and postmodernism, these dynamics are well illuminated in Charles Bronte’s classic, Jane Eyre. Exploring the significance of the theme as well as the motifs of this piece, it becomes essential to understand that the era of modernism injected individualism in the literary works. Hence, looking at the nature and the content of the book we find that the author has attacked the book from a biblical perspective (Gardner 70). This is testified by the manner imagination is tied to idolatrous anticipation as well as eschatological desires. In essence, the novel arouses imaginations, which are seen to be informed by the forces of extreme romanticism, images of quest as well as incidents of fire and feelings. The creative energy thus exploits the excesses of romantic imagination molded by evangelical theology. In essence, Bronte’s biblical engagement does not only touch on simple imagination, but also demonstrates its potential obligation in shaping the future. And this entails defining and explaining the space attained by women during the Victorian era. These aspects are thus presented as the core factors that drive Jane Eyre (West 59). Therefore, the author dwells on diverse aspect which holds biblical comprehension of what is perceived to be imagination, its direction and nature which are two aspects tied to the heart. Hence, the novel seems to dwell on the platform of rejecting idolatry while relying on the structural context of accepting imagination. The approach gives the novel a profound distinction considering that Bronte assumes romantic imagination and appreciates the eschatological dispensation which is founded on the biblical theology. As is exported by the pundits of romanticism and modernism this novel greatly touches on the broads scope of both romanticism and modernism. This can be attributed to the fact that the author employed the distinct approach of moving away from the traditional concepts. By exploring the concept of idolatry we are presented with a suggestion that the conventional approach can no longer sustain the desires of the greater community. Therefore, looking at the authors attempt to examine the theme of idolatry which she achieves by exploring the narrative of the theme biblically. The dispensation is thus employed to investigate the positive role of passion and imagination as core features of desire. From such a stance we are thus given an opportunity to see Jane imagining and subsequently following a distinct path not defined by poverty, pain or the circumstances of her childhood. Therefore, the central images explored touches on the scope of God and man. While on th
Introduction Sex work is a term that describes the engagement in sexual activity for money (Cusick & Hickman, 2005). Sex work encompasses different areas such as coming into actual physical contact with a customer who will pay for sex services, the creation of sex related videos, and participation in sex shows among others. The views regarding sex work vary sharply divided between people who see the practice as just another career, and those who see it as a form of exploitation. There is however consensus that when one is forced into sex work then it automatically becomes exploitative. There are different sources that describe sex addiction as an underlying factor in both the client and those who involve themselves in the trade. Findings also indicate that many of the people are involved in sex work are drug addicts (Cusick & Hickman, 2005). Some cultural practices such as discrimination against women have been seen promote sex work in certain countries. For instance, the Indian caste system leaves women with no other career choice. The legality of sex work differs from one country to another. Some countries regard it as a punishable crime while others treat it as a regulated profession (Cusick & Hickman, 2005). The global sex work industry generates more than 100 US dollars every year. This paper seeks to analyze three research articles that provide different perspectives on sex work. Sex work has been chosen for this analysis because it’s a very controversial topic on which there is so much debate. Sex work is particularly interesting as it varies greatly from one society to another, and even takes a cultural dimension in some of them. The papers used in this analysis have been carefully chosen to reflect the different faucets of sex work. The analysis will include a critical annotation of the research articles, a critical reflection on the information revealed in the articles and a description of the direction of future research. Annotation and critical analysis of research articles Cusick, L., & Hickman, M. (2005). Trapping in drug use and sex work careers. Drugs: education, prevetion and policy , 12 (5): 369-379 This paper has evaluated the association between drug abuse and involvement in sex work and the reinforcing factors. The researchers categorized sex settings as outdoor, drift, indoor associated or indoor emotional (Cusick & Hickman, 2005). The categorization to into account: the associated environmental risk factors, management of the setting and means of contact with clients (Cusick & Hickman, 2005). The sample consisted of 92 participants who had experienced sex work and drug abuse. Three quarters of the subjects investigated agreed to have used
Neurons are essential cells involved in the transmission of messages in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The transmission of the messages is accomplished by networks of neurons forming biological communication networks. Neurotoxins affect neurons, leading to their death or injury. Transected neurons are severed cells with altered chemical and structural ability to transmit impulses along the CNS or the PNS. They lack functional extensions like the axons and dendrites, and the myelin sheaths. It has been demonstrated that most neurotoxins affect the cell bodies of neurons in both the PNS and the CNS. However, some neurotoxins act on the axons of neurons, severing the myelin sheaths surrounding the extensions, but leaving cell bodies intact. In such cases, the neurotoxin leads to chemical transection of the axons. Such axons become biologically isolated from the cell body of the neuron. Research demonstrates that chemically transected axons of the PNS can regenerate while those of the CNS cannot regenerate. Different chemicals have different modes through which chemical transection of neurons is initiated. DDT is an organochloride neurotoxin that alters the rate at which potassium ions get into neurons. It also affects the active transport of sodium ions out neurons when they are repolarized. The organochloride inhibits Na + , K + and Ca 2+ ATPase when neurons are repolarized. These actions of the neurotoxin result in prolonged negative phase in the action of the stimuli. The repetitive stimulation in the PNS is further amplified in the CNS, resulting in continuous tremor in the poisoned individual. Organophosphorous pesticide effects are produced by inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which hydrolyzes acetylcholine. When the enzyme is inhibited, there is prolonged stimulation in cholinergic nerves by the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Prolonged stimulation of the muscarinic nerve endings leads to hyperactivity of multiple responses in the parasympathetic nervous system. Prolonged action of acetylcholine also causes neurons within the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system to be depolarized. Organophosphates have been implicated in delayed neuropathy resulting several days after the initial exposure. The delayed neuropathy has been attributed to demyelination of axons and phosphorylation of esterase in neurons. However, acetylcholinesterase and paraoxon do not produce delayed neuropathy. Carbon disulfide induces axonopathies by interfering with transport of chemicals along ax
Introduction In 2002 the Global Fund to Fight AIDs, (1) Tuberculosis and Malaria was implemented in order to tackle the catastrophe caused by the world three killer diseases that had their most adverse effect in developing countries, notably sub-Saharan Africa. Combined these three killer diseases are responsible for the deaths of more than 11,500 persons in a given day which translates to more than 42 million persons annually. (2,3) In any given year for more than decades now 300 million cases of malaria are diagnosed worldwide majority of this cases occurring in developing countries; (3) 1 million of the persons infected with malaria eventually dies, 90% (2) of the time happening in Africa mainly among children aged below ten years. On 25 th April, 2010 the Africa Malaria Day celebrated its 10 th anniversary since the Abuja declaration (3) was brought into force which aimed to reduce the number of malaria mortality rates by half by the end of this year. Globally the epidemiological distribution of Malaria and Tuberculosis disease worldwide is greatly skewed with majority of the cases occurring in Africa; 90% (2) of all malaria related deaths for instance take place in Africa which is the home to a third of all tuberculosis diagnosed cases. Tuberculosis is the number one cause of death for persons infected with HIV AIDs; (4) in Sub-Saharan Africa, tuberculosis related complications are the cause for 30% deaths among the 25 million peoples infected with HIV. (4, 2) In 2008, tuberculosis related deaths were responsible for approximately 1.8 million deaths worldwide which translates to 5,000 persons in a day (4); another 2 billion (2) people are estimated to be infected by the WHO, making it by far the worst public health crisis that had ever affected humanity. However, this high prevalence rate for persons affected by tuberculosis emanates from the nature of the vaccine that is given to children at an early age which is usually injected when it is live attenuated. (2) Both malaria and tuberculosis prevalence are strongly linked to the HIV AIDs disease since they are the most common opportunistic infections that eventually cause mortality to HIV infected persons. (5) The purpose of this paper is to discuss the disparity of malaria and tuberculosis infections, risk factors as well as intervention strategies in two different regions; Africa and Middle East. Malaria Prevalence, Risk Factors and Disparity: Africa & Middle East Malaria is a disease caused by plasmodium; a protozoa that is categorized into four species; p.falcipurum, p. ovale, p.malarae and p. vivax. (2) Among all these four species, p. falcipurum is the most deadly of all and accounts for the highest proportional of the deaths. (2) The disease is transmitted by the female mosquitoes, anopheles which acts as the vector that incubates the plasmodium
The ‘varieties of capitalism’ approach is an institutional theory that can also be discussed as a firm-centred theory. According to Soskice and Hall (2001), this theory is actor-centred; actors include not only firms but also stakeholders who are involved in relations in the sphere of the political economy. Firms develop in certain economic and political environments that can be viewed as coordinated market economies and liberal market economies, depending on the aspect of coordination and relationships of the companies with other actors in the system (Prevezer 2017; Soskice & Hall 2001). One more category from the varieties of capitalism is identified by researchers: an emerging market economy or a transitional economy (Prevezer 2017). China is among those countries that are on the path to capitalism, and currently, it is an emerging market economy (Mohan 2013). The purpose of this paper is to analyse Huawei’s strategies and policies in the context of China as an emerging market economy with reference to the specifics of the varieties of capitalism as an institutional theory. Th
Historically, the USA is a multicultural state where the representatives of many different nationalities live. There is hardly a state in the world with such a great plexus of different ethnic groups and cultures. All the history of the USA is a great example of the interethnic conflicts, starting from the European colonization and ending with our times. In the modern, humanistic society racial conflict is not a rarity. Proclaiming the tolerance principle, people forget that words are nothing without the actions. They still adhere to racial bias, totally ignoring the equality of all races and ethnic groups. The article “White Off-Duty St Louis Police Officer Shoots Dead Black Teenager” from The Guardian demonstrates us the great actuality and strain in the ethnic relations in the USA. The article tells us about an accident which triggered the great wave of mass demonstrations and aggravation of the race question, “A white off-duty police officer in the US city of St Louis has shot killed a black teenager who fired on him, police said” (Tran para. 1). We can see the drama from the first lines of the article. It underlines the ethnicity of the participants showing us that the co
The DuPont analysis is a method of evaluating the effect of three components of the return on equity (ROE) on a single equation. It allows a financial analyst to assess the effect of the net profit margin, total asset turnover, and capital formation on ROE (Weil, Schipper, & Francis, 2014). Gadge, Deora, & Katsure (2013) explain that it is a way of decomposing ROE into its three components. The three parts include profit margin, asset turnover, and financial leverage. (Net income/ net sales) x (net sales/ total assets) = return on investment (ROI) (Weil et al., 2014). ROI x financial leverage = ROE Financial leverage = total assets/ stockholders’ equity (Thorp, 2012). ROE = (net income/ net sales) x (net sales/ total assets) x (total assets/ total equity) (Gadge et al., 2013). In the DuPont analysis, ROE is the focus of financial analysts because it is the main interest of shareholders. It shows the rate at which their wealth is increasing. Gadge et al. (2013) discuss that the firm’s primary goal is to make profits for its shareholders. When a firm’s ROE rises, it increases the ability of the firm to generate additional profits. The ability increases without raising additional capital from shareholders and the financial market (Thorp, 2012). The asset turnover ratio indicates how successful the firm has been in utilizing assets to generate sales (Weil et al., 2014). A firm should be able to increase sales when it increases assets. A firm improving its efficiency is expected to increase sales using the same level of assets. Gadge et al. (2013) explain that asset turnover measures operating efficiency. The profit margin shows the firm’s ability to control expenses and the cost of other inputs. Weil et al. (2014) suggest that it shows the effectiveness of the firm in controlling expenses relative to sales. A firm will increase its profit margin if it can reduce its expenses relative to sales. It can also increase its revenue relative to expenses. Thorp (2012) explains that there are industries with a low profit margin because of intense rivalry among firms. Other industries have a high profit margin because a few firms are able to charge a premium price for their products. However, the main purpose of the DuPont analysis is to assess the improvement of the profit margin component in increasing the ROE. Financial leverage shows the combination of the sources of capital that the firm uses to generate income for shareholders. Shareholders will be satisfied when the size of their equity increases without providing additional capital. Thorp (2012) explains that there is a share dilution when a firm decides to issue more shares to raise additional capital. Additional capital increases ability to generate revenues. Raising capital from debts reduces the net income through interest expense. The more a firm borrows, the higher the
Captain America is an imaginary superhero performing in the comic books in the United States of America and produced by Marvel Comics. Captain America currently belongs to the Marvel, and he was created by Joe Simon and Jack Kirby, he made his first appearance in “Captain America Comics #1” in March of 1941. Captain America was intended to be a loyal super soldier who clashed the Axis influences during the World War II over and over again and appeared to be the most prevalent character for the duration of the time of war. The admiration of the fictional soldier served as an inspiration for the brave soldiers that were defending their country and maintained their morale (Howell 802). Captain America dresses in clothing that stands for the American flag theme, and is equipped with an almost indestructible armor that he tosses at his enemies. The character is frequently portrayed as the doppelgänger for Steve Rogers, a fragile undeveloped human being heightened to the highest of human excellence by an investigational serum in order to assist the United States administration’s forthcoming exertions during the war (Morrison 76). In the case of Captain America, the philosophy and determination of this innovative character was unpretentious: to gather the sustenance for the World War II by generating an American super-soldier that youngsters could follow. Nonetheless, nowadays he appears to be a hero for all people and inspires the individuals of all ages (Jowett and O’Donnell 123). In 1941, World War II battlegrounds in Europe had expanded far through the Atlantic to the United States, but it was not the war yet. Nonetheless, the internal anti-fascist campaigns have developed to be tougher. After having fully embodied the war situation, and given the militaries the main inducement, Captain America became the American spirit figure. Everything in America was dedicated to maintaining, extenuating, or contributing to the war (Murray 81). The character of Captain America was not dissimilar to any other kind of mass media, which all aided to maintain the combat determination. Obviously, Captain America’s robust guidance and willpower was destined to represent the insolence that the United States had when they arrived to the combat (Cord 326). Captain America was robust, influential, courageous, and especially faithful to his nation. This appearance of a courageous and principled forerunner, with red, white, and blue clothes, was shaped with a very straight character to be the expression of loyalty during the war. Another significant component to deliberate is that the inventors of these comic books required influencing a huge amount of populace; consequently, they possessed rather vibrant purposes to make the books eye-popping, stimulating, and interesting. I appear to be a follower of the Marvel comic books, and it means a lot that a fictional simple character was able to evolve into a symbol of an epoch, especially a difficult one. Even despite the fact that the charact
Pillsbury used several different techniques to gather data on customers’ attitudes and behaviors. What were those techniques and how could the data gathered be used to make decisions on marketing strategy? The Usage and Attitude Study This technique is both quantitative and qualitative. The usage survey was quantitative while the attitude study was qualitative. It aimed to find out how much a typical consumer used the product and why. The result would be a profile of a Canadian consumer. Unfortunately, the survey revealed that most Canadians prefer to bake from scratch rather than using frozen dough. Though they perceived frozen dough to be more convenient, 56% of households still practiced scratch baking. Parents in Canada were driven by their children to buy refrigerated cookies. This information can aid in deciding whom to target during the marketing campaigns. The parents are still rooted in scratch baking but their children are adapting to frozen foods. Therefore, a marketing campaign in this country would be more effective if focused on children. In-home Immersion Visits and Discovery Workshops The in-home visits focused on observation of the consumer’s actions when dealing with the Pillsbury products at home. It was aimed at discovering what attitudes, emotions, and environment exist during the use of the product. This qualitative survey transported the company into the consumer’s world. The discovery workshops were held at community centers with more moms focused on unveiling the deepest emotions associated with Pillsbury products. The findings indicated that baking was more about the memories and feelings it creates rather than the actual food. The emotional warmth associated with baking could be a key theme in Pillsbury’s new marketing strategy. If the company succeeds in associating the feelin
Introduction This course aims at developing the skills in understanding such crucial philosophical and political concepts as human rights, environmental stewardship, and education. The development of a sense of social responsibility is a key factor in education because it helps to connect classroom compliance and citizenship (Arnot & Dillabough 2000). In this paper, a critical reflection on social responsibility explained by Duckworth and Moore in their “Social Responsibility: Failure Mode Effects and Analysis” will be given. The authors of the first chapter “An Introduction to Social Responsibility” begin with the definition of the term “social responsibility” and introduce a number of contexts within the frames of which it is possible to comprehend the chosen term. The attention to the subjects and principles of ISO 26000 prove the correct direction chosen in the chapter and the importance of relying on a globally consistent standard that is applicable to social responsibility (Duckworth & Moore 2010). Key Points The goal of the first chapter in the book is to develop an informative introduction to social responsibility. The key points in addition to the definition include the discussion of the principles and examples which define the essence of social responsibility. These principles are accountability, ethical behavior, transparency, and respect for people’s interests, law, and human rights (Duckworth & Moore 2010). Besides, there are seven core subjects with the help of which the reader comprehends the worth of social responsibility in education and everyday life. Unethical behaviors and the importance of human rights’ recognition may influence organizational governance in different ways, and people should learn how to use these terms, guide each other, and promote organizational success. For example, environmental issues are defined as crucial for learners because they help to promote sustainability in the work and support life management (Duckworth & Moore 2010). Critical Reflection The authors do not focus on theories or real-life examples with the help of which it is possible to learn how to use the issue of social responsibility. However, there are many powerful aspects regarding the goals and intentions of the authors. For example, they develop a powerful basis that can be used for the creation of a tool to improve social responsibility performance. They do not call for action but aim at informing the reader and providing the guidelines that disclose the essence of social responsibility. There are many rules to be followed, and this chapter is the guide for the reader to rely on. It is necessary to comprehend how to start using social responsibility in everyday life and work. In this chapter, clear and simple words are used by the authors. Besides, this chapter turns out to be a good contribution to the already received knowledge on social responsibility from such educative sources as the book written by Arnot a