The ability to conduct research is one of the core competencies needed for effective work in the field of psychology. Through the investigation of particular issues, the researchers attempt to accumulate information that may contribute to the topical problem resolving. Nowadays, two basic types of the methodology are usually used for research –qualitative and quantitative, and the application of particular research methods depends on the character of the analyzed problems and formulated questions. The purpose of this paper is the evaluation of the research design and research instruments implemented by the authors of two qualitative and quantitative studies used to analyze the psychological implications of childhood maltreatment and abuse. The evaluation of interrelations between the works’ purposes and the research methods will allow the estimation of the research design efficiency and will help to understand the researchers’ motivation for the selection of a particular methodological approach. Purpose and Contents The purpose of the qualitative study “Childhood maltreatment and psychological adjustment: A systematic review” is the investigation of childhood physical and emotional maltreatment impacts on individuals’ self-esteem and social performance (Pacheco, Irigaray, Werlang, Nunes, & Argimon, 2014, p. 815). The research paper consists of the Abstract, Introduction, Method, Results and Discussion sections. The Results and Discussion section includes the article selection flowchart and the table describing the main constructs of the reviewed studies. The paper is completed with the Final Considerations and References sections. The quantitative research paper “Child maltreatment and children’s developmental trajectories in early to middle childhood” by Font and Berger (2014) has the purpose of evaluating the interrelations between childhood maltreatment and the adverse outcomes in the cognitive and social-emotional development of individuals (p. 536). The paper is comprised of the introduction and literature review that includes the sections devoted to the description of the theoretical frameworks, physical and supervisory neglect issues, physical and emotional abuse, as well as associations between child maltreatment and child development. The following sections include Method (data, sample, measures, and analytical approach) Results, and Discussion (conclusion and limitations). The paper is supplemented with tables and schemes visualizing the results and data of the descriptive statistics. The list of references completes the work. Topic Review In the course of the human psychological, emotional, and cognitive evolving, one of the most important roles are given to the stage of early childhood development because, during the first years of life, the individuals adopt the basic skills and experience the substantial growth in terms of intellect, self-identity, and neurophysiology. Throughout the early childhood period, an individual learns to recognize emotions and develops the skills of social interactions that will later help him/her to adjust to the social norms and standards of behavior, and build relationships with peers effectively. The role of the fav