ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
My Motivation My lifelong career goal is to increase my knowledge, experience, and currency of clinical skills in order to become an effective and accountable nurse practitioner-primary health care (NP-PHC). I look forward to an expanded range of roles and duties in a nursing context. In my over two years of practice as a registered nurse, I have been able to grow and consolidate skills across different practice areas, for example, critical care, burn, and emergency, by providing care to diverse patient populations. Therefore, through my previous clinical experiences, I developed an interest in disease prevention, health promotion, patient education, and community healthcare. With the delivery of comprehensive care to long-term patients as my main motivation, acquiring competencies in NP-PHC will be crucial to holistically managing chronic conditions for diverse patients of different ages, backgrounds, and needs. Therefore, rather than being restricted to geriatric or pediatric care, the NP-PHC program will expand my scope of practice to include care to clients from childhood through adulthood. I will be able to incorporate individual/community lifestyle factors, demographics, and needs into personalized diagnoses, long-term treatment plans, and counseling. I consider having a good rapport with patients as critical in improving population health, and through the NP-PHC program, I will become proficient in community-focused care. It will lead to greater knowledge about individual health history, attributes, and capacity to manage chronic conditions. I find the NP-PHC role broader than that of an NP-adult or NP-pediatrics. I will be able to focus on diverse patient conditions and broader population segments (teenagers, adults, and children), which is consistent with my diverse clinical experiences working with clients of different ages. Most patients I have cared for require health education and support. For example, those admitted to the Ross Tiley Burn Centre and Emergency Department, often need discharge teaching to improve their post-discharge outcomes. However, I have noticed that they struggle with care plans and their capacity to understand the disease process and diagnoses is limited. For this reason, I have often wondered if they can a
While the period from roughly 700 to 1500 in Europe, especially 800 to 1200, is referred to as the Dark Ages, the Muslim world at the time was prosperous. Particularly, Al-Andalus, the Muslim state in Southern Europe, in the South of Spain, was very different from the rest of Europe in terms of its technological achievements, science, medicine, and the quality of life. By the end of the Middle Ages, a wide range of inventions and products of the Muslim world had been introduced into the West. These inventions and products include cotton, paper, paper money, postage stamps, glass mirrors, street lamps, salt, pepper, cinnamon, deodorant, rose water, linen, silk, satin, fine furs, velvet, curtains, kerosene, clocks, ceramic tiles, soap, rulers, maps, globes, eyeglasses, almanacs, and encyclopedias. The modern world still benefits from what Muslims developed in the Golden Age of Islam. The achievements of the Muslim technology and science contributed to the development of the Western society and helped Europe come out of the Dark Ages. It was Al-Andalus that spread the progress throughout Europe. Cordoba, a city in Al-Andalus, was the largest city in the world at that time, with more than a million inhabitants. The streets of Cordoba were completely lit up at night because there were street lights that were unknown to the rest of Europe. Cordoba had public baths, libraries, and universities, which signified its higher level of cultural development that that of the Western countries at the time. Al-Andalus was a world-famous center of learning, and people would travel from all over the world to study in the city. The Dark Ages ended in Europe with the Renaissance, a period of humanism and flourishing arts and literature. Although Renaissance is often regarded as the Europe’s return to the ancient culture of Greece and the Roman Empire, the Muslim world contributed a lot to the period of “rebirth.” Technological, cultural, and scientific achievements were taken by European countries from Al-Andalus, which shaped the Renaissance to a large extent. One of the most prominent areas of the Renaissance, the Italian art, including fine arts, paintings, sculpture, architecture, and so on, was influenced by Spanish artisans coming from the parts of Spain influenced by Muslims. But even before the Renaissance, which started approximately in the 14th century, the Western world learned a lot from the Muslim world during the Crusades. The First Crusade began in 1095 upon the Pope’s call for all Christians to go to the Holy Land belonging to the Muslim world back then to release the main Christian sacred object, the Holy Sepulcher, from the Muslims. Over slightly more than the next hundred years, three more Crusades occurred. None of
Introduction The proposed product is an online system for animal shelters and potential pet owners. It will help people to adopt their favorite animals. This system will be developed for both smartphones and desktop computers. The main goal of this paper is to conduct market research pertinent to this project. Market Research The target market for this application is people who are looking for a pet and all the existing in the United States animal shelters. Therefore, it is difficult to determine the size of the market. However, official statistics show that approximately 85 million families in the country own a pet (“Facts + Statistics: Pet Statistics”). The animal shelter has a long history. It began in 1866 when the first animal welfare organization was established (“We Are Their Voice”). It was called the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Since then, the animal protection community has developed into a great movement that includes thousands of volunteers and animal shelters. The offered application will satisfy the needs of an enormous number of people who want to help stray animals. There are millions of individuals who are looking for a pet, but they do not know where to get the necessary information. This will be an online matching system that facilitates searching processes. Therefore, the prospective buyers of this application are people aged 15 to 60 who are active computer and smartphone users. However initially, the system will be distributed for free and will be financed by donations or fund-raisers. Therefore, the launch of this product will require substantial investments. The main motive for buyers is their sympathy and desire to help stray animals. It is a well-known fact that most animals in shelters are eventually euthanized. That is why many people are eager to help them. Also, this program will reduce expenses for shelters. It will additionally motivate them to use this product. Therefore, potential buyers are located throughout the country. However, the target customers are mostly urban. There are several ways to differentiate this business. First, it is necessary to make the service excellent. It will require creating a user-friendly interface and constantly monitoring the work of the system. Second, it is important to use different channels of distribution. A social media campaign and pop up public events where people can sign up for the application might be very helpful. In a value proposition, it will be addressed one of the most important social issues, stray animals. This system is an innovative tool that might be helpful to resolve
Introduction Britain is one of the leading democracies in the world today. However, monarchy is still a part of its political leadership structure several centuries after the Britons embraced rule by the people. According to Jones (2008), the position of the Queen as the head of state remains controversial as some people claim it is an anachronism while others argue that it is a proud tradition. Since the monarchy has lost major executive powers to the politically elected prime minister and the cabinet, many people still believe that the queen is still in power. The prime minister, as the head of government, is expected to consult the queen on important matters that concern the nation. The royal family is also symbolically seen as the head of the country’s military. Both critics and supporters of the British monarchy have strong arguments for or against its continued existence in modern society where the real power lies with the people through their democratically elected leaders. In this paper, the researcher seeks to determine if indeed monarchy is an anachronism in a democratic country such as Britain. Discussion In the United Kingdom, the monarchy has a very great history in terms of leadership. According to Brooker (2009), the royal family was once the imperial leader of the country, responsible for making an all-important decision about the state and government. However, the country has systematically embraced democracy where the prime minister has all the executive powers while the queen is still considered the head of state with some ceremonial duties. A section of the society believes that in the current democratic space in Britain, monarchy is an anachronism that should be completely abolished to save taxpayers money from unnecessary expenses. However, a great number of Britons still believe that monarchy still plays a very critical role in this country and should be allowed to continue for as long as it takes. It is important to look at these two arguments before coming up with a conclusion if indeed monarchy is an anachronism in Britain. Monarchy as a proud tradition According to Fraser (2014), monarchy is a proud tradition in Britain that cannot be easily abolished. The view of this scholar towards monarchy is supported by the majority of Britons who believe that the royal family has a special role to play in this country. These people say that those who are opposed to the existence of monarchy in the country have not taken time to understand its social, political, and economic importance. They have several factors to support their arguments in support of the monarch. The following are some of the factors that they give in support of the monarchy. Monarchy is a symbol of continuity, stability, and ethics in the country’s leadership system. Political leaders come and go, but the monarch lasts for a very long time. Since assuming her throne, Queen Elizabeth II has worked with numerous prime ministers for the last sixty years. As new political leaders come to the office, the queen offers continuity in the leadership of the countr
Introduction Today, the presence of cybercrime and related fraud represents a significant issue. The statistical data analysis can provide insights on the trends in the occurrence of the electronic crimes, the frequency of the incidents depending on the region, and help to classify the offences. It is crucial to evaluate the statistical data on one of the aspects of crime because the Criminal Justice System occupies the fourth place in terms of public expenditures (MacDonald, 2002). Hence, with the active utilisation of information technology advancements, it is possible to claim that the field of cybercrime and electronic fraud got more opportunities to spread. The use of statistical dataset in the research is more than computing and reporting numbers, but using this data to reach the conclusions about the significant aspect (Dowdy, Wearden, & Chilko, 2011). In such a way, it is critical to analyse the statistics about a particular area within the crime field because it can create a bigger picture and view the issue from different angles. The statistical data chosen for this report is the additional tables on fraud and cybercrime provided by the Office for National Statistics. The application of statistical information represents a part of learning process leading to “informed decisions and actions,” and it is beneficial for the research to implement statistics (Pfannkuch & Rubick, 2002, p. 4). Moreover, different industries conduct a statistical investigation “to learn more in the context sphere” and to synthesise new ideas, thus adopting a rational way of thinking (Pfannkuch & Rubick, 2002, p. 4). The area of crime analysis and prevention, including a broad area of cybercrime and fraud, are not the exclusions and can utilise the collected datasets for its benefit. The use of this data implies the fact that it is useful and beneficial for the research because it provides an inexpensive way of collecting the information. Besides, it gives broader opportunities to analyse and evaluate the provided numbers and come up with a conclusion within the narrow topic. The analysed dataset represents a piece of information that was officially collected from numerous processes and practices in the juridical system. Even though this data is organisational, it is still critical to consider possible variations and unaccounted incidents. Hence, one should reckon the units presented in the statistical figures because it can help to identify whether the used aggregation level can lead to prejudices in the conclusions (Rengert & Lockwood, 2008). It is vital to remember this factor because statistical analysis also serves as a prediction tool to estimate the possible number of crimes in the future. The two estimation methods include relying on the rates from several months’ data or calculating based on the nation’s s
Introduction The end of the nineteenth and the first decades of the twentieth century became a historical period of high significance for the United States because of the tremendously growing social discontent. The subsequent popularization of radical reformist ideas appealing to socially and economically disadvantaged Americans was among the key tendencies explaining the success of the Populist and Progressive movements. Despite paying close attention to different professional and social groups, Populist and Progressive reformers were similar in terms of criticizing the government’s inability to provide citizens with due protection and support in response to their contributions to economic growth. This essay argues that the Populist and Progressivist reformers were united by their strong sense of justice, promoted citizens’ cooperation and education to decrease social stratification, and emphasized citizens’ need for reciprocity, fairness, and autonomy as ethical considerations. Populism and Progressivism as the Response to Injustice The Populist activists included those dissatisfied with the government’s priorities in the distribution of wealth and the authorities’ limited attempts to relieve farmers’ poverty, whereas the Progressive reformers were predominantly well-educated middle-income citizens willing to prevent the elites from amassing wealth at the expense of different underprivileged groups. American farmers found themselves in a sticky situation as a result of industrialization, loss of lands, weather instability, monopolization of the market, devaluation of their labor, and similar challenges. The prerequisites to farmers’ organized attempts to stop the violation of ethical norms and their civil rights trace back to the geographical aspects of history and the government’s attempts to shrug off the responsibility for farmers’ poverty. Since farmers in the Southern states, such as Texas, could suffer significant financial losses because of the unpredictable weather conditions, it would be essential for the government to plan financial support measures in case of droughts.
Introduction Near Field Communication (NFC) refers to particular standards that apply to smartphones and related devices. These devices apply radio communication technologies to communicate with one another when in close range. The communication between the two devices is done either through a short wave or by a simple touch. NFC technologies include contactless transactions, data transfer and Wi-Fi set up that are facilitated by mobile handsets compatible with NFC software. One of the major functionalities of these technologies includes mobile payments services. This is facilitated by an NFC chip embedded into a store counter, a product tag or a card, and a phone empowered with NFC functionalities for a payment to be affected (Coskun et al., 2011). Discussion of the technology Implementation of NFC in a mobile phone is achieved through either complete integration into the handset, SIM card or the MicroSD. Similarly, the application of NFC in mobile phones also takes three forms. First is the card emulation mode in which the NFC devices assume the functionalities of credit cards and debit cards. This, consequently, enables the “mobile wallet”. Second is the reader mode that allows the NFC gadgets to decode the information on tags in a much similar way to the barcode technology. Lastly, the two devices could share information amongst themselves directly. NFC is a form of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) that is used for short distances of about 4 inches. It is preferred to the ordinary RFID as it enhances security. The radio waves are transmitted only across short distances and, therefore, reduce the possibility of the information being tapped by malicious people using specialised gadgets. One of the major NFC mobile technologies is the PayPass. PayPass MasterCard institution had initially come up with the PayPass credit and debit cards where payment for any transactions was effected by a tap rather than the normal swiping of the card. Recently, however, it has incorporated NFC mobile technology in mobile phones so as to assume the same contactless functionalities. Such phones are referred to as PayPass-enabled (Coskun et al., 2011). Application The Customer waives the PayPass-enabled phone in front of the detector to make the appropriate payment. The reader receives the payment details and carries out the transaction. The transaction process is similar to that of normal debit cards. (Ahson and Ilyas, 2009) Roger’s theory of diffusion innovations model Roger’s theory breaks down the diffusion process into innovation, the applicable social system, communication channels relevant to the social system concerned and the time is taken. In our case, NFC technology is the innovation; the social system refers to the users of the technology while channels include the terminals at which the technology is applicable. Time, on the other hand, denotes the period taken for the product to gain popularity in the market. The theory states that the frequency at which customers adopt a product over time follows a normal distribution curve with the cumulative frequency forming an S-shaped patter
Introduction Psychological testing is sampling an individual’s behavior with the aim of determining characteristics such as attitude, enthusiasm, interests, needs and value. Psychological tests are strictly controlled and scored according to fixed set of rules that give numeric classification. From psychological tests it is possible to establish the knowledge one has on a particular subject. Types of tests   * Mental ability test : This relies on cognitive functions such as intelligence, memory and creative thinking. It is divided into individually administered tests and group administered tests.   * Achievement test: This is aims at determining an individual’s level of knowledge in a specific subject. This test is classified into five: The batteries test, single subject test, government sponsored test and individual achievement test. Only the latter is individually done while the others are done in groups.   * Personality Test: This is measures human character or disposition. Personality tests are grouped into two, the objective personality test and projective personality test. The objective test has direct answers as the respondent only has to answer either true or false. The projective test on the other hand is ambiguous and the respondent has to answer unstructured questions.   * Interest and attitudes tests : These include the vocational interest measures which aid in searching of employment opportunities. The attitude scales measure an individual’s attitude towards issues such as capital punishment (Hogan, 2007).   * Neuropsychological Test: this is health related and yields information about brain functioning. This test is widely applied in these aforementioned tests as the brain function is a major cause of personality.   * The speed vs. power tests : This analyzes how an individual performs simple tasks in a specified amount of time. A power test involves complicated material that is delivered with no limitation on the time.   * The individual vs. group tests: An individual test is administered to one person at a given time. The response of the person is recorded and used to evaluate his or her psychology. Group tests, conversely, are discussion questions given to groups of people.   * The maximum vs. typical performance tests: Maximum performance test looks for the best the individual performs a given task. Typical tests on the other hand test for the personality of the person without them trying harder to maximize their ability.   * Norm-referenced vs. criterion-referenced tests : Norm-referenced tests use a generalized percentile. The criterion-referenced tests emphasizes on individual performance as indicated by set standards and not how the performance compares to other people who sat the test. Users and uses of tests There are four categories of uses of tests: Clinical use, educational use, personnel use and research use. In clinical use, tests are employed in clinical counseling or neuropsychology by psychological counselor or a neuropsycholog