ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Camus Views on Aesthetics Aesthetics deals with the expression and nature of beauty. It is related to the laws of perception. Aesthetics is also described as a response to art and beauty experiences and artistically pleasing or beautiful appearance. The traditional aesthetics assumed the existence of timeless and universal criteria of artistic value. Aesthetics is concerned with the nature of art as well as with the judgment related to beauty- a theme of what is artistically beautiful or valid. For Camus, the existence of beauty provides sufficient ground for hope. He is a proponent of hope specifically oriented and tilted towards the present. Camus addressed the issue of literacy commitment and promise in terms of his hopes for social change. He believed that violence is acceptable only in the context of revolution if rebels, not only are prepared to be condemned but also face their deaths. He is against the theme that everything should be reduced to history and man and wonders about the place of love- of music- of nature- of art. His exclusive, affluent aesthetic sensitivity ultimately led Camus to recognize and perceive beauty regarding soil to develop a just civilization. It is firmly believed by Camus that the eventual basis for sane behavior is not only present in unruly cities but also in the hills, in the sea, in the evening meditations, and in deliberations upon natural beauty. However, the value, to some extent, resides particularly in the natural sequence of things and indicates the priority existence of limits and boundaries that Camus hopes will motivate men to behave fairly and justly. However, the problem related to this claim is that it also contradicts the statements of Camus on what is included in ‘nature’ apart specifically from man. Camus thinks that realistic art is not successful because it does not reject enough of reality. However, formal art rejects too much and seeks to remove all reality to reach a ‘subjective’ abstraction. He believes that if realism relinquishes the creative feature of the mind, formalism eventually loses sight specifically of the value related to temporal existence. The description of art as the attempt to acclaim beauty, to some extent, in nature and not to enslave man to just imitation is, in fact, the aesthetic equivalent for Camus t
Toni Morrison’s sweetness follows the early life of Lula Ann through her mother’s eyes and focuses on themes of race and motherhood. The characters are defined distinctly by the narrating mother according to the darkness of their skin. She refers to herself, her mother, and others in her family as “passing for” white in social circles. Meanwhile, her daughter is distinctly dark, which in the mother’s eyes is a burden. The mother and daughter are both characterized by prejudice and hardships of the time. Sweetness, what the mother wants her daughter to call her instead of ‘mama’, is conforming and observant of the injustices around her (Morrison 2015). She treats her daughter in a controlling manner such as braiding her hair, crossing streets to avoid white boys who are bullies and telling her to not talk back in school. The mother believes that her treatment of the daughter is right due to the circumstances but often hides her guilt by stating that the cruelties are not her fault. Lula Ann is very different from her mother, she begins to rebel at a young age and as she grows up, the only contact she offers is sending her mother financial support. The spectrum of skin color in the story reflects privilege and the behavior of the characters towards each other. Louis, the husband of Sweetness and Lula Ann’s father is also repulsed by Lula Ann’s appearance and abandons her (Morrison 2015). This is also a prevalent theme, as cutting contacts runs through the family starting with Sweetness’s grandmother. As the narration comes to an end, it is revealed that Lula Ann is about to have a child and experience motherhood. Here Morrison suggests that being a parent can affect the way one interacts with injustices of the world. Sweetness repeats this by saying that she did her best under the circumstances. The narrative Morrison presents moves as a recollection. It is a story told from Sweetness’s perspective about something occurring over a long period of time. Although the focus is on one family and one perspective, the narrative allows the reader to observe the life of Lula Ann and many other Black Americans who were unfairly subjected to such torment and cruelty. Reference Morrison, T. (2015). Sweetness . The New Yorker. Web.
Business continuity management enables the business to respond to crisis situations effectively as well as protect the business interests. The specific BCM strategies are demonstrated in the following table:     Specific Strategy              Description                                                                                   Desired Outcome                                                                                                 Costs                                                                                                                Risks                                                                                1   Insurance                      Protection against financial losses.                                                          It is covering the costs that will go towards repairs or other emergency-connected situations.                  High. The company may not have an emergency.                                                                         The insurance companies become selective, thus, some emergencies may not be covered. 2   Distributive Warehousing       Warehousing of finished products in locations other than manufacturing.                       Making sure that some products are available if the manufacturing stops.                                        The costs that will go towards the lease of additional warehousing sights.                                           Idle asset insufficiencies in times of normal operations.                            3   Working from Homes or Hotels   The remote use of laptops, air-cards, cellular phones, and other technological advances.      It is able to access data through the Internet in critical situations.                                          Low. The costs go only towards the organization, not transportation, security, etc.                                  Ineffective in a community-wide crisis.                                              4   Alternative Suppliers          We are ensuring a continuous supply of raw materials.
Introduction Moral relativism is a theory that morality is relative and different people hold different truths. There are two forms of moral relativism: cultural relativism and ethical subjectivism. According to cultural relativism, morality depends upon culture. According to ethical subjectivism, morality depends upon individuals. Moral relativism denies the universal existence of truth or morality. Thus, there is no definition of good and bad; there is no goodness and badness; there can be good and bad only within a specific context. From the standpoint of moral relativism, the specific activity can be good for one person but be bad for another. If to assume that moral relativism is true, then it is impossible to discuss good and bad outside the specific situation. Main text Utilitarian moral theory, on the contrary, provides clear distinction between good and bad. According to the utilitarian moral theory, an action is right only if it produces the highest good. From this perspective, an action is considered to be morally right only when it results in the greatest amount of pleasure and the least amount of pain. Jeremy Bentham argued that the consequences of the human actions could be counted in order to evaluate their merit. Pleasure or happiness can be measured by considering how long the pleasure lasts, how intensively it is felt, how quickly it follows the action (Kemerling, para.1). From this perspective, the principle of utility defines good and bad by reference to the greatest happiness of the greatest number of people affected by or involved in the action. Argument from disagreement points out that different individuals and cultures have different moral beliefs ( Is Morality Relative.., para.6). Morality is a product of culture and personal opinion. Moreover, there are always exceptions to every moral rule. Sometimes, stealing and lying can be morally justified because there are no moral absolutes. In addition, moral relativism is supported with the argument from tolerance according to which people should be tolerant with whom they disagree. From this perspective, it is morally wrong to think of one culture being morally better than any other. However, while moral relativism is highly personal, utilitarian moral theory can be applied universally. Utilitarian theory aims at defining goodness as the best for the largest number of people. As John Stuart Mill wrote, “Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness” (Kemerling, para.6). While moral relativism motivates individual approach to every situation, utilitarian theory provides ample guidance for
Examining the Claims The first claim that has to be examined is the idea that salespeople do not have access to marketing resources that could be helpful in promoting the watches. It directly relates to the notion of hasty generalization because the organization did not perform any in-depth analyses of its sales or marketing efforts (Boss, 2017). Therefore, the team might have mistakenly hypothesized that the market is slowing down because of several reports prepared by other companies. The team should look into its own data instead and ensure that all data sets are considered. The second claim eligible for examination is the lack of positive interaction between the marketing department and the financial manager. It is a rather vivid example of a red herring fallacy because one of the parties accuses the other one in a possible attempt to cover up its own faults. The problem with this logical fallacy is that there were no audits performed to be certain of the fact that any of the given units tend to conceal information or share invalid data with their colleagues (Boss, 2017). Eventually, the team might find out that its claims were erroneous, but it would be too late to introduce any changes. The third claim to be examined is the assertion that salespeople are not doing a great job and, therefore, have to be kicked out from the organization in order to help the management improve sales. This is an example of the post hoc ergo propter hoc logical fallacy because there is no proven association between the salespeople being completely responsible for the state of affairs in the market and target audience behaviors (Boss, 2017). Accordingly, the established sales goals could be merely inadequate and have nothing to do with the professional attitude and skills of the company’s salespeople. Identifying Potential Fallacies Creative thinking could be inhibited by hasty generalization because this logical fallacy creates a situation where employees do not have enough courage or interest to explore new possibilities. Accordingly, a single report regarding the ineffectiveness of the salespeople’s actions could lead to irrational decisions and potentially negative outcomes for the organization (Larsson, 2018). Wrong conclusions are synonymous with the lack of creativity because they avert the responsible individuals from thinking that
Summar Caffeine is a commonly used drug that is present in many beverages such as coffee, tea, and energy drinks (Cappelletti et al. 2015). The wide availability of caffeinated products has triggered immense research on their effects on wellbeing, cognitive rejoinders, and bodily performance (Seifert et al. 2011; Pesta et al. 2013; Trexler et al. 2015). For example, one study has shown that the intake of substances containing caffeine changes the functioning of the cardiovascular system, with positive inotropic and chronotropic consequences (Cappelletti et al. 2015). Caffeine also possesses locomotor-action-stimulating and anxiogenic effects, which affect the central nervous system. Even though these effects are generally beneficial, excessive caffeine intake leads to dependence and intoxication, which can have life-threatening implications. On the other hand, a different study has demonstrated that caffeine enhances the performance of trained athletes when taken in regulated doses (Goldstein et al. 2010). The bodily effect of caffeine, known by its chemical name of 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine, is thought to be related to the production of energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is necessary for the operation of life-sustaining reactions and is produced through cellular respiration, which may be aerobic or anaerobic. Exercise forces the aerobic energy system to produce ATP, which necessitates extra oxygen to be conveyed to the muscles. As a result, the heart works faster to propel more oxygen-containing blood to the tissues, which increases the heart rate. Physical activity also raises the ventilation rate of the lungs to satisfy the elevated oxygen demands and eliminate the carbon dioxide gas produced from cellular respiration. These processes lead to an increased respiration rate. The aim of this experiment is to determine the effect of caffeine on the pulse and respiratory rates. Changes in pulse and respiratory rates from rest to post-exercise will be measured as a marker of overall aerobic performance. These findings will determine whether caffeine provides benefits in physical exertion. The study will use a physical test that is a modification of the Harvard step-up test, a reliable test that has been used to study physical fitness, oxygen intake, and cardiac efficacy (Leung et al. 2013; Kesavachandra & Reddy 2015; Bennett et al. 2015). This study will answer the question, “What is the effect of caffeine on respiratory and pulse rates?” It is predicted that caffeine intake will augment pulse and respiratory rates. The first null hypothesis is that caffeine does not have a substantial impact on the respiration rate. The second null hypothesis is that caffeine does not have a substantial effect on the pulse rate. Methods Experimental Design The hypotheses were tested using two test drinks in two experimental grou
Advantages over Other Casinos   * The Palm Tree Resort and Casino is the largest resort in the state of California with its area of 188,000 sq ft and more than 3000 slot machines.   * Its annual profit is more than 33 million dollars (Valley, 2003).   * Having 10 departments, the casino boasts of the best managed financial department by Julie Wiseman – Chief Financial Officer.(Weiswasser, 2011). Challenging Gaming Environment Requires Best Staff With the development of Internet gaming and other entertainment, casinos find themselves in a very competitive environment. This requires lots of efforts to be taken to attract gamers:   * Employment and promotion of talented casino operators who will support the organization’s strategic aspirations.   * Continue to encourage the customers through incentives after measuring and aligning the staff’s skills and talents with the casino’s strategic purposes.   * Reorganization of some of the departments in order to meet ultimate goals via succession planning and career management strategies for talented personnel. Interventions The Palm Tree Casino will observe its workforce striving for better results when new horizons are outlined in terms of career prospects. This, however, will interfere with other departments:   * Those casino operators, promoted to the management role, will face computer and reporting responsibilities.   * Matching customers’ needs, the casino will reorganize the financial department in order to fit in newcomers from the casino floor and make financial management and strategic planning more expanded.   * Needless to say, administrative orders will change significantly in this case. Expected Outcomes   * The Palm Tree Resort and Casino will have its financial department extend the staff or workers in order to work on the customers’ freebies, incentives, and special offers separately   * The a
“The New Pearl Harbor” is how the terrorist attack of September 11 th , 2001 is called in the United States. This horrifying act of terror claimed more than 3 thousand lives. On September 11 th , 2001, suicide bombers of the Al-Qaeda terrorist organization hijacked four passenger planes in the United States. Terrorists aimed two of the planes at the business symbol of New York – the World Trade Center towers, and the other two – at the Pentagon and, presumably, the White House or the Capitol. All planes, except the last one, reached their targets. The fourth hijacked plane crashed in a field near Shanksville, Pennsylvania. This terrorist attack became not only the largest in the history of the U.S., but also the first “live catastrophe” in the world history: millions of people around the world watched the events unfold live. History has changed, and September 11 th became the starting point, from which serious lines of transformation of modern society and modern politics began. The documentary 9/11: Inside the President’s War Room tells the story of the day that changed America from the perspective of President George W. Bush. The events that occurred in the twelve hours that followed the attack portray the hardships of making decisions during such a precedent. It is worth noting that the President and his Cabinet reacted almost disbelievingly to what had happened – their confusion is almost visible in the film. At the time that the attack was unfolding, the President was attending a primary school, and it is clear that he did not react very well to the news about it. Perhaps one could call it a failure of public relations management of the government, as they did not have a reliable plan for such occasion, and this is, indeed, a lesson to be learned. Another interesting lesson lies in the way the public relations with other concerned countries were managed – for example, how Condoleezza Rice took time to brief the Russian President Putin on the issue. Moreover, the film makes a brilliant PR move, as it gives a quite sad narrative of how the beloved wife of the U. S. Attorney General died, being on one of the planes. The documentary portrays President Bush and his subordinates in a way that speaks of an aspect people often forget – that they are all human, and their reactions are valid, too. Additionally, the interviews with Condoleezza Rice, Colin Powell, Ted Olson, and other staff also show just the extent of pressure they were put under in the short span of twelve hours. I think that, from the view of public relations, this is a crucial point that gives valuable conclusions: when talking of such crises, it is important to be honest with people. The PR narrative the film gives provides a feeling of empathy and takes one’s understanding of the events and the Presidential staff’s role in them to a new level. When a state is implementing a long-term program of countering terrorism, special services, power structures, and institutions of ci
Price ceiling Under price pricing, the government puts a maximum price level that should not be exceeded. It is often set below the market equilibrium. This price control technique affects the stability in the market because it creates a situation of excess demand. An example of a price ceiling is rent control. In some cities, the local governments often impose a price ceiling on housing to make housing reasonably priced for low-income households (James, 2012). Graphically, the price ceiling is illustrated below. Chart 1: Illustration of price control. The price ceiling is set below the market equilibrium. In the graph above, the equilibrium price and quantity are PPe and Qe respectively. If the price ceiling is set at PP (below the equilibrium price PPe), then there will be a shortage in quantity supplied. The shortage is equivalent to the difference between Q2 and Q1. It can be observed that at PP1, the market is not in equilibrium. One key advantage of this price control technique is that it deters suppliers from charging outrageously high prices for scarce commodities and services. This prevents the exploitation of consumers. Secondly, the price ceiling helps the government to make the cost of living inexpensive, especially when an economy is going through a phase of high inflation. When a country is experiencing upward inflationary pressure, the prices of commodities tend to rise faster than income. Thus, the price ceiling will help maintain the purchasing power of the currency. On the other hand, the pricing ceiling has a number of shortcomings. The first drawback is that it discourages the suppliers from producing. This is due to the fact that the forces of demand and supply are not allowed to function freely. The temporary shortage that is caused by the price ceiling will make the suppliers cut production and the quantity that is offered for sale because they lack the financial incentive to produce more. This will in turn cause prices to fall. Also, the price ceiling may encourage the growth of black market due to shortages and other vices such as hoarding in the economy. Law of Demand – Art Museum The law of demand outlines that there is an inverse relationship between price and quantity, ceteris paribus . This implies that when the price of a commodi
After careful reading of this post, several mini themes were highlighted, which were touched by the author of the text. Despite the general emphasis on the effect of coronavirus infection, COVID-19, the writer turns to five rather specific features of the pandemic — a shift of emphasis for nurses, the lack of interest employers in APRN employing, the development of telemedicine, the deteriorating situation in Florida and the prevention of future outbreaks of pandemics. This response provides an analysis of the original post and the author’s thoughts on what was written. First and foremost, it highlights the topic of telemedicine development. It should be admitted that this incredible direction always seemed to be a distant future, but the crisis was able to implement distant medicine in 2020. Indeed, this direction is incredibly promising, and such an approach, implemented not only within the framework of this pandemic but also extended to other diseases, guarantees that each patient will be able to receive effective assistance from medical specialists. The fragment on the deteriorating situation in Florida seems pretty true, which causes some pessimism. The author of the post writes that the state’s health indicators rapidly demonstrate a negative situation, which is justified by the authorities’ slowdown in prevention. Speck & Castro (2020) confirms this information, revealing significant Florida health problems. Moreover, the reading of a fragment devoted to negative employment trends in APRNs gives an unpleasant impression. It may seem daunting to see the lack of interest among employers — in a sense, there seems to be a paradox. If coronavirus infection has demonstrated a severe public health crisis, it should be so that as many professionals as possible are employed. This would ensure the smooth running of local clinics. In practice, much more advanced factors are likely responsible for this phenomenon. Finally, an essential problem with COVID-19 is the shift of emphasis and attention from the nurses themselves. In the context of the pandemic, the daily lives of health workers must remain the same, so increased working hours and occupational stress do not seem fair. Nurses must continue to enjoy life, interact with children, churches, and partners as they used to. Otherwise, this situation is a health problem that needs to be addressed. This is a priority in preparing for future outbreaks of pandemics.