ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
There can be no doubt as to the fact that people are highly social beings who do not simply think of social interaction as the mean of fighting boredom but as the essential element of their very mode of existence. This is why; it became the customary practice to discuss people within the context of their social value as individuals. However, such practice often appears to be counter-productive, as it implies that an individual’s inability to conform to the rules of social conduct associated with the particular society directly corresponds to his or her existential worthlessness. Franz Kafka’s story “The Metamorphosis” illustrates the validity of this statement. Its main character Gregor Zamza realizes that he is being turned into a giant insect after he wakes up in the morning. Despite his horrible appearance, Gregor’s mental state never changes, and he continues to consider himself being a part of the family. However, his mother, father, and his sister have a different perspective of Gregor’s “metamorphosis.” Apparently, what happened to Gregor had dehumanized him in the eyes of his relatives to such an extent that they were no longer considering themselves as being related to him. In fact, they managed to convince themselves that their desire to get rid of Gregor was absolutely moral, in its essence: “You must try to get rid of the idea that this is Gregor. The fact that we have believed this for so long is truly our real misfortune. But how can it be Gregor? If it were Gregor, he would have long ago realized that a communal life among human beings is not possible with such a creature and would have gone away voluntarily” (Kafka). Once Gregor realizes that he is no longer needed by the members of his own family, he slowly loses his will to live and dies while sincerely believing that his death is absolutely necessary to ensure the well-being of people he never stopped loving. No matter how hard he tried, Gregor was never able to embrace the identity of a “bug” as his own. We can say that Kafka’s story portrays how society’s strive to maintain its inner integrity affects people who do not quite fit for the social roles that are being prescribed to them. The same theme can be traced in William Faulkner’s story “Rose for Emily,” even though the author looks at it from a different perspective. Story’s main character Emily Grierson was raised to believe that woman’s virtuousness corresponds to her ability to get married to a man of a social standing that would be at least equal to her own. Given the fact that Emily’s parents were trying to prevent her daughter from dating men they considered as “unworthy,” Emily was gradually becoming mentally deviated, without the townsfolk being able to recognize her existential inadequateness as potentially dangerous. At the end of this Faulkner’s story, we get to learn that Emily had murdered the man she was expecting to marry her, after having realized that he did not intend to do it and that she had actually been sleeping with the corpse of this man for over twenty years as if she was married to him: “The man himself lay in the bed. For a long while, we just stood there, looking down at th
Since it is assumed that skiing is a rather traumatic sport, the company should have taken precautions for minimizing the injury risks for the skiers. However, in that particular case, the actions of the company’s workers have created risks for health damage for Mr. Craig and Mr. Alex, who were actually injured. The fact that it was April and the slopes were supposed to be closed may lessen the degree of the company’s responsibility in this particular case, but not completely. The company made a mistake letting people ski after the snowstorm though it could not have allowed people to do it. Hence, the company’s actions endangered not only the skiers but the staff as well. Though Mr. Alex’s injury was made by Mr. Craig, it is not only his responsibility in its causation. It would not have happened if Dan and Abby did not send him to the untested slope without any instructor who could have prevented Mr. Alex’s injury. Hence, the health damage was caused both by the company and by Mr. Craig unwillingly. However, it does not mean that the compensation for Mr. Alex’s injury is a part of Mr. Craig’s responsibility since his actions were the result of the actions of Dan and Abby. Thus, the company should compensate Mr. Alex’s treatment costs relying on the severity of the damage he has experienced and the length of the recovery period (Goguen, n.d.). Apart from that, the company should pay for the ski equipment that was spoiled during the accident. The fact that skiing is a traumatic sport means that Mr. Alex himself should have known the health risks he had to face when skiing after the end of the season. The fact that he decided to ski alone on a difficult slope relying on his experience, says that he understood all the possible risks. However, his actions confirm that he tried to escape the crash and acted professionally without any violations of the skiing rules and norms. It was the actions of Mr. Craig that caused the clash. Thus, it is his responsibility and the responsibility of those who sent poorly skilled skier to the untested slope. Reference Goguen, D. (n.d.). The damages and compensation formula in an injury case . AllLaw. Web.
In their speeches, Lyndon Johnson and Ronald Reagan expressed their belief that Americans can and should shape the Great Society through moral reawakening. Johnson and Reagan used similar reasoning lines, emphasized the need to realize the dream of the Founding Fathers, and used strong arguments and language mean to persuade their audiences. The different perspectives chosen by the Presidents for their speeches can be explained with the peculiarities of their target audiences. Thus, Lyndon Johnson outlined his views in a speech to students and emphasized the importance of proper education. On the other hand, Ronald Reagan discussed American morality and religious believes when speaking to the National Association of American Evangelicals. Therefore, the solutions and promises of the two Presidents were tailored to the expectations of their listeners who might become their voters. Importantly, both Johnson and Reagan discussed the role of the government in problem-solving. Whereas Johnson suggested developing new concepts of cooperation between the government and community, Reagan included some critical notes regarding the intrusion of the government into the families in the form of the well-intentioned effort to provide children with birth-control drugs and devices (Johnson 312). Therefore, Johnson and Reagan outlined their views regarding the future of the nation and the role of the government and citizens in shaping this future, selecting appropriate arguments to reach out to their target audiences. To persuade their listeners and encourage them to take certain actions, the Presidents used diverse and powerful arguments. Both Johnson and Reagan mentioned “the Founding Fathers”, appealing to the sense of national identity in their audiences. In his final remarks, Johnson reminded his listeners that those who come to the new land were searching for a new world (Johnson 254). Reagan in his turn mentioned the moment when “the Founding Fathers” passed the First Amendment to illustrate the relation between the state and the church (Johnson 312). Reagan attempted to reconsider the concept of protection of the church from the government’s interference outlined in the First Amendment and concluded that the issue of non-interference did not imply the wall of hostility between these two institutions (Johnson 312). Developing this idea, Reagan even counted how many times God was mentioned in the Declaration of Independence (no less than 4 times) to support the idea that religious beliefs were an integral element of American doctrine. Other statistical data was also used by the two Presidents as powerful evidence persuading the audience that there are problems that need to be addressed. For instance, Johnson offered the figures to illustrate the number of Americans who had not finished 5 years of school (8 million) and strengthened this argument by admitting that it is equal to the entire population of Michigan (Johnson 253). Reagan mentioned a survey, according to which 95 percent of Americans were religious (Johnson 312). The main reas
Children at a younger age have a false misconception about the world and the activities going on around them. They view the world as a safe haven where everyone has the moral obligation to be good to the neighbor. When I was young, I used to share the same thinking children have, as I believed that my parents were my major pillars in life. My parents were responsible for making crucial decisions concerning my life, and this made me to falsely believe all families were equal, and that all neighbors were good and loving people. Things however took a sudden turn when I turned 18 years. My parents allowed me to make my own decisions concerning my life. This changed my life dramatically as life was different from the one I got used to in the new places I visited. People did not care about others; there were hatred, violence, poverty, and many others vices. This came as a shock to me, as I could not believe that all those years I had lived in a world of my own. One jarring encounter that completely changed my view of the world in a negative way was when heavily armed men with the intention of robbing a bank invaded the bank that I had visited to make certain transactions. This was three years ago, and I vividly remember the events that unfolded on that fateful day. My parents had advised me to open my own bank account where I could be saving my earnings and allowances. This was aimed at molding me into a responsible person with the ability to handle finances. I woke up at dawn so that I could be one of the first customers to be served by the bankers as banks were known for long queues at the time. On arrival, I was rudely surprised to find that there were other customers who had arrived earlier. However, this did not disappoint me since the joyous feeling of getting my own account was a more interesting experience than anything. At around 9 am the bank was a beehive of activities with everyone determined to finish their transactions. A group of five masked men arrived, and this seemed to piss them off because they started shooting in the air and ordering everyone to lie flat on the ground. I had never heard sounds of gunshots and these made me tremble. “No one dare make a sound,” one of them shouted, and soon the screams of women and men died down, and the bank was silent. They asked for the bank manager, and roughed him up threatening him to open the main door or be shot dead. Sadly, two security guards who tried to save the day were sprayed with bullets, killing them instantly. I had never seen so much blood in my life, and it shocked me at how the robbers killed their fellow humans without conscience. Onlookers heard the gunshots and alerted the police as sounds of sirens could be heard from a distance. I heaved a sigh of relief, but things were not over yet. The robbers had taken money but had not finished with us; they took several hostages whom they used to blackmail the police into giving them way. Unfortunately, I was one of the hostages, and they warned us that any foolish move would get us killed. All I could think of
Introduction It will probably be safe to suggest that there are moments, in just about any person’s life, when he or she consciously prefers to believe in a certain perceptional illusion, as opposed facing the uncomfortable truth about something that this illusion is there to conceal. This especially appears to be the case in the situations when what happened to be the actual truth, simply does much of a logical sense in the concerned person’s eyes. In my opinion, this is exactly what the character of Blanche du Bois had in mind, while coming up with the statement, “I don’t tell truth, I tell what ought to be truth. And if that is sinful, then let me be damned for it!” (Williams, 1947, p. 128). There is even more to it – the above-quoted suggestion appears to reflect people’s unconscious tendency to focus on ‘what ought to be truth’, as such that fills their lives with the actual meaning. In its turn, this explains why the motif of a ‘liberating deception/’magic’’ being better than a ‘damning truth’ is quite common in the works of literature/dramaturgy. In this paper, I will explore the validity of the earlier suggestion at length, while illustrating how the mentioned motif is being presented in the plays Pygmalion by Bernard Shaw, A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen and Trifles by Susan Glaspell. Main Body One of the most philosophically deep aspects of the message, conveyed by Shaw’s play Pygmalion , is that the foremost indication of a particular person being an ‘aristocrat’ de facto , is his or existential nobleness. This particular trait of one’s psyche, however, rarely correlates with what happened to be the concerned individual’s socio-economic status within the society. Hence, the sheer plausibility of the play’s plot, which revolves around the story of Eliza’s rapid transformation from a vulgarly speaking/behaving ‘flower girl’, into nothing short of a sophisticate ‘lady of substance’. Apparently, even when she was a ‘flower girl’, Eliza never ceased being an idealistically minded person, who used to aspire to attain the state of self-actualization, as a socially prominent citizen. Allegorically speaking, the character of Eliza can well compare to a gemstone, completely covered with filth, which one day ended up discovered and cleansed of it. Therefore, there is nothing odd about the earlier mentioned transformation, on the part of Eliza – this process was not really concerned with the character’s qualitative ‘metamorphosis’ into someone else. Rather, it had to do with the fact that, after having learnt how to speak proper English and to act ‘mannerish’, Eliza was able to realize what constituted her true calling in life. This is the reason why, after having helped Professor Higgins to win his bet wi
Disparities in the education system are global issues associated with population composition and community structures. In the US, for instance, the issue of fragmented or disproportionate admissions in public schools bears significant concern in the purview of policy development and economic development. Accordingly, inequalities exist in economic classes, racial structure, and demographic systems. New York City is characterized by one of the most diverse communities entailing a rich background of races from different parts of the world. In essence, a vast section of this community comprises the Hispanic and the people of color. According to Domanico (2018) schools in this community comprise roughly 16% whites while the rests are the Hispanics and African Americans. The focus of this profile is on the disparities faced by African American community in New York City, the most populous city in the US. Ideally, the issue of diversity in the education sector is showcased beyond the public schools in NYC. According to Steensland (2006), cultural dynamics have fundamental roles in shaping the well-being of people, including their educational access. At the same time, Islam and Winkel (2017) assert that inequalities in social framework seem to have far-reaching consequences in myriads settings. Therefore, there is a need to understand the admission patterns in public schools within NYC to help navigate the principles of disparity caused by inequality and diversity values. For instance, one needs to understand why children from white community backgrounds tend to dominate private schools under chartered and district schools (Islam & Winkel, 2017). Moreover, the income disparities have been a major concern in many societies as the white afford more private schools in different locations (Owens & Candipan, 2019). The segregation and isolation of people of color in low-ranking schools tend to portray the disparity in income distributions in New York (Owens, 2018). With the prevailing circumstances of a global pandemic, there is a further challenge in handling the economic burdens of poor communities in the city.
There are numerous social consequences of tourism. For example, the rate of crime reduced as a result of tourism. It is estimated that crime was caused by idle youths who had no jobs. The scenario changed after the emergence of tourism because most young people had tourism related jobs such as tour guides and drivers. Before tourism gained steam, the rate of crime was at an all-time high. It should be noted that crime was widespread with minimal security intervention. The rationale of security intervention was to create a favorable environment for the growth and development of tourism. The new structures developed went a long way in terms of changing the landscape. The need for improving the security of the region was based on attracting more tourists in the region (Coleman, 2002). A sustainable tourism destination is described as a region which can handle tourism with the current state of resources. For example, the infrastructural development of the region is considered as the main element which determines the ability of handling tourism without overstretching resources. When resources are stretched, the ecosystem is deemed as unable to handle tourist activities. As a manager, I would embark on boosting infrastructure and human resource in order to make the region sustainable. The Hells Gate in Kenya is a tourist destination striving to enhance sustainability. This comes after the terrain of the attraction site was announced as dangerous for visitors. Since then, the management has been working tooth and nail to change this perception. The efforts applied in changing the course of things are realistic considering that safety measures have been incorporated. The main aim is to see more tourists coming along. Community based tourism has become common in recent times. This is because the latter has had numerous benefits to the community at large. The introduction of community based tourism was a great milestone in the industry considering that in the past tourism was not community based. The incorporation of community based tourism into mainstream tourism was a step in the right direction that saw the community receive immense benefits (Wearing, 2001). The economic benefit of this form of tourism was creating employment and increasing the income of people in general. In terms of the social benefits, thanks to community based tourism, the community was integrated into a single unit. This was different before community based tourism took route. Lastly, the environmental benefits of community based tourism was maintaining the ecosystem. Cultural heritage tourism can be defined as a form of tourism which is aimed at showcasing the cultural patterns of a given community or group of people. I come from Kenya where the Maasai community has long been an attraction for many people around the world. Most of the tourists who land in Kenya take time to watch and interact with Maasai community. During this time, they learn about their lifestyle and way of exp
Introduction The mandate to interview a prospective nurse places the interviewer in a human resource management position such that ethics controlling the management behavior of a human resource manager guide the practice of the interviewing registered nurse (Sullivan, 2012). In practice, ethical decisions are defined by both the legal and moral perspectives acceptable in any society (Pozgar, 2012). While a health care facility regards a registered nurse with the responsibility of hiring, it is the obligation of the registered nurse to act as an advocate of guarding the institutional values and standards being bound to ethically oversee the recruitment process. In this regard, the nurse is construed to be guided by objectivity, honesty and consistency when making decisions about the selection process (Sullivan, 2012). This short report is a case study exploring the ethical dilemma in selecting which nurse to retain as a practical nurse in an interview of three qualified registered nurses. Ethical Considerations in the Case Study While considering the provided case, the interviewing nurse is faced with an ethical dilemma of which nurse to retain because of previous knowledge of the personal behavior of one of the interviewees (Connelly, 2005). Considerations that a human resource manager, in this case, the practice nurse conducting the interview, is required to make when hiring, include being transparent with respect to the information relating to the job and the hiring institution. In addition, the interviewer should consider making judgments regarding the ability of the nurses to perform their job obligations (Sullivan, 2012). In consideration of the case, the qualifications and practical experience assist in determining whether any of the interviewees is capable of meeting the job requirements. There are several factors that facilitate in defining the considerations of which of the interviewees to retain and hire (Force, 2005). Among them include autonomy of the interviewees, hands-on experience for job placements that are essentially practical, as is the case in this study, and academic qualification. Ranking the Order of the Candidates and Justification of the Decision on Ranking Based on the ethical considerations made above, John is the leading candidate, followed by one of the other practical nurses, with who the interviewer has no past familiarity with, and then the last practical nurse with little experience. The interviewing nurse only knows John’s character through hearsay and cannot affirm his actual behavior unless they work together. In events where the interviewer has personal knowledge regarding the interviewee, it is ethically right to request assistance from other equitable personnel to one’s qualification and experience in the institution to perform the interview in order to bring fo
The beefing between the two hip-hop artists, Iggy Azalea and Azealia Banks, indicates a misapprehension existing on hip-hop’s history. According to Chang (2021), the beefing between the two artists can be related to professional jealousy. The article depicts no events of terrorism since its main focus is on the appropriation and exploitation problem in the genre culture of hip-hop music. Hip-hop began in the 1970s in the west of Bronx, New York City, and has since then grown widely in its popularity. A 2018 report indicates that the hip-hop genre has a 21.7% share of music album consumption in the United States (Saunders 2016). Due to the competitive nature of the market, artists try to survive by beefing with their competitive counterparts and outdoing them from the market, as in the case of Iggy Azalea and Azealia Banks. The beefing between Iggy Azalea and Azealia Banks rotates within black culture and being undercurrent, portraying a clear picture of racism. Therefore, the article does not display any events of terrorism but addresses racism and hip-hop’s appropriation problem. The act of being humiliated by a fellow artist can lead to terroristic actions. In an interview at New York Hot 97 by Peter Rosenberg, Azealia Banks became emotional and immediately broke into tears when trying to explain how black issues are entirely termed undercurrent (Chang, 2021). However, according to Saunders (2016), 49% of the white population agree that hip hop represents America’s modern music. Considering the article, it is wrong to say that the racism beef between Iggy Azalea and Azealia Banks, which have escalated to Twitter, can lead to terrorism acts because they argue on such issue as genre appropriation. Iggy Azalea accuses Azealia Banks of focusing on racism to gain fame instead of using Hip hop skills to be appealing to the general public. However, Saunde