ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Army Knowledge Online (AKO) is the U. S. Army web-based information service and the world’s largest intranet which is used for recruiting and provides the public information about the different organizations and documents. An AKO Army site provides the information of three components such as group, Page and Files (AKO Army). For instance, there can be found the information about such programs as 9/11 GI Bill, Montgomery GI Bill, Army Personal Testing, Education Counseling, etc. All documents are organized and can be shared with a group and open to the public. Besides, a File Community helps store and share the various documents and images. All the U. S. soldiers are required to register a full account on AKO and other people can get a guest account. After getting a full registration, the following information is available: Active Army, Army Reserve, Army Retired, Future Soldiers, US Air Force, US Navy, Medical Retired, National Guard, etc. For those people who want to get a guest account it is necessary to provide an Army sponsor with an authorized account, and following information is available: Army Volunteer, Federal Civilian Agencies, Local Nation Employee, Medical Discharge, Military Transition, etc. Following DoD security policy, AKO needs a strong password or the use of combination of a Common Access Card and personal ID. Besides, it is necessary to answer 3 personal questions before the system will open the access. Such protection measure helps avoiding a number of problems; however, it is not a perfect solution. The main function of AKO is providing the e-mail and collaboration facilities. Using the modern technologies, AKO organizes the development of the Business Process Management programs. For instance, “Wounded Warrior” program provides a wide support for the soldiers wounded in the military conflicts. Another example is AKO’s Training function which provides the possibilities to the soldiers and civilians to access Army educational programs online. Those programs are free of charge and help people connected with Army to promote their points and to share the ideas. The financial function of this system helps soldiers to find and learnt the financial records. The medical function provides the same access to the medical records, including the various exams and training results. Moreover, AKO has a number of other functions that help soldiers to get the information about forms, references, legacy, etc. However, on the other hand, there are a number of critique points about AKO. Thus, according to the article GIs, officials disagree on effectiveness of AKO , the users have a lot of complains and the most common of them are the frustratingly slow working process, a cluttered interface
The article titled “ Leadership and National Culture in the UAE ” argues that national culture breeds ‘organizational culture’, which shapes leadership behavior in organizations. National culture is embodied in shared values and practices specific to a particular group or society. In the UAE, organizations are cross-cultural entities comprising of workers drawn from diverse cultural backgrounds, including expatriates. In this view, appropriate leadership styles are required to create cohesiveness among diverse cultural viewpoints. The article hypothesizes that “national culture influences leadership behavior of managers in the UAE” (Suliman & Moradkhan, 2013, p. 414). The hypothesis is affirmed by the study’s results, which indicate that cultural differences account for up to 16 percent of leadership styles observed in UAE organizations. This means that people’s beliefs and values about leadership define how they perceive and respond to realities in organizations. Research on organizational culture has shown that team setup defines leadership behavior and cohesiveness (Amundsen & Martinsen, 2014). The article points out that because organizational culture influences workplace behavior, modifying it can transform the behavior of the managers. Every aspect of the UAE’s national culture that affects leadership behavior is explored in the article. We understand that different components of the national culture define leadership styles in organizations. According to the article, a leader’s score on a combination of cultural factors, including power distance, in-group collectivism, gender egalitarianism, and future orientation, determines his or her leadership style. In particular, two aspects of UAE’s national culture, namely, gender egalitarianism and in-group collectivism, influence leadership behavior. This finding resonates well with the collectivist orientation common in Asian cultures. The authors argue that “effective” leaders worldwide use the charismatic leadership style. They rely on one cross-cultural study to make this conclusion. We know that, in practice,
There has been a lot of active research in the area communication. In fact, communication is a multidisciplinary field with scholars from both social and technical sciences concentrating on different aspects. The role of this paper is to examine the application of selected communication theories at Ped’s Kafe to appreciate the role that theories play in the conduct of business. This paper will concentrate on theories with a greater significance in social sciences. There are an extremely high number of theories applicable to the study of communication. A casual search for theories relevant to communication brought up in excess of seventy theories from different disciplines. Some of them go back to the early nineteenth century when scholars wanted to determine the factors that drove communication during the peak of the industrial age. Others are very recent, such as the network theory that explores the communication trends in the twenty first century against the backdrop of rapid globalization and unparalleled technological advancement. 1 The most relevant theories to this inquiry are the Information Theory developed by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver, the Attribution Theory of Fritz Heider, the Groupthink Theory developed by Irving Janis, the Information Integration Theory, and the Uncertainty Reduction Theory. The Information Theory was the result of applying a technical perspective of communication to social science. Shannon was an engineer with the Bell Telephone Company. Shannon’s primary interest was in the transmission of clear signals free from noise to make it possible for Bell’s Clients to have clearer calls with minimum distortion and interference. However, Weaver, a social scientist, thought that the theory that Shannon had used to solve technical problems applied equally as well to social sciences. It was Weaver’s opinion that all communication undergoes distortion and hence Shannon’s theory was valid across the whole disciplines. 2 The implication of this theory is that there is need to indentify and reduce “noise” within any communication process caused by the transducers used in the process. Noise refers to anything that interferes with the quality of the original signal. The Attribution Theory, developed by Fritz Heider concentrated on the way people had a tendency of drawing inferences about a person’s character based on how they communicated. Heider observed that, “we see a person act and immediately reach conclusions that go beyond mere sensory info
Introduction Martin and Nancy are motivational writers who base their writing on gender equality within the judicial system. Their book, “Doing Justice, Doing Gender: Women in Legal and Criminal Justice Occupations,” is a unique judicial book. The book addresses gender, sex, and race issues using a number of subtopics, which are outlined below in turn. The CJs Mission Process and Workflow The authors get controversial in this chapter, claiming that the criminal justice system is faced with a discrepancy that emanates from a lack of coordination between the there arms, thus creating work overlap. The issue of class and gender forms the center stage while evaluating the efficacy of the criminal justice system. In a bid to evaluate the financial goal of the criminal justice system, the authors take careful consideration of the ongoing cost incurred in 2001. Historical Context of Women in the Criminal Justice System The authors share great information on how women were distributed in the criminal justice system. Martin and Nancy (3) advise the readers on the challenges the criminal justice workers come across while controlling criminal offenses. The job descriptions for the women, however, changed because of diverse feminist movements advocating for equality with regard to gender, class, race, as well as a sexual orientation in the criminal justice system. Organizational Changes The authors highlight the changes experienced in the criminal justice system over the years. Essentially, this forms the core of this chapter. The authors’ main idea is to emphasize on the importance of equality within the workplace environment. The authors highlight the key ingredient that makes the criminal justice system successful: equality in employment opportunity, sexual harassment law, and pregnancy leave. Reforms and Women’ Justice Occupation Martin and Nancy (4) inform the readers of unvarnished truth about what makes a criminal justice system successful by highlighting that success highly depends on underlining position and work appointment on the basis of gender equality. Despite the barriers faced with gender equality in the criminal justice system, this chapter contains elements explaining that the women’s role in the criminal justice system has been facilitated by the social movements, shifts in the economic sphere, legal activism, and the degree of changes experienced in the criminal justice system. Reflection One aspect in the Martin and Nancy work that I totally agree with is taking responsibility for controlling one’s morals and principles by respecting other people regardless of their gender, race, or sexual orientation. No justification would appear logical for ignoring such virtues. Hence, one’s uprightness is one’s accountability. I am in accord with the message brought forth by the authors: that an employee who demonstrates racism, inequality, or sexism
The Mill on the Floss 1 The Mill on the Floss tells the story of Maggie Tulliver, the daughter of a miller in Victorian England, and reflects the values of society. This was a male-dominated society (though ruled by a woman, Queen Victoria) where women were treated as second-class citizens, expected to marry and remain at home unless they chose a respectable profession such as teaching. Sexual relations before or outside marriage were taboo, and women would more than likely be forced to leave their family home if such relations were discovered rather than bring shame on the family. As Mr. Stelling, the schoolteacher, proclaims, “ Girls can be quite clever, but their cleverness is shallow. They will never understand anything that needs really careful thought ” (David, 2000). Maggie’s first attempt at heroism is an attempt to secure the heroic independence and leadership possessed by her brother Tom. She does so through a rejection of femininity, which is also a failed attempt to own the status granted to masculine Tom. Eliot sets up Maggie’s early childhood as the juxtaposition of the experience of Maggie with that of her brother. Maggie looks up to Tom; this is evident in her frequent expressions of love for her older sibling. Tom’s responses to her unconstrained protestations of love are often cold and standoffish. Therefore, Maggie yearns for Tom’s respect. That she gives this respect such great importance betrays her desire to become Tom’s equal. The Mill on the Floss 2 Maggie wants to be an economic contender like Tom but is disallowed this form of achievement because of prejudice against women and the economic structure of society, which influence her father’s actions in regards to her education. Mr. Tulliver’s dual support of Maggie’s symbolic masculinity and of her cleverness, however, is incomplete. He doesn’t believe that she should be educated. He recognizes her potential but ultimately rejects it as inappropriate because she is a girl. He reasons that an educated woman is an economic liability and therefore does not allow her to cultivate her heroic potential as an intellectual. Mr. Tulliver’s opinion on the matter is partly justified by economic considerations. He feels that educating Tom will make his son more successful, while an over-cute woman’s no better nor a long-tailed sheep –she’ll fetch none the higher price for that. Eliot subtly reveals the fact that women are evidently absent from history.
Introduction The killing of unborn babies because of genetic disability can never be justified. People who procure abortion because their unborn children have body defects should elucidate the motive behind going for genetic screening. The negative outcome of genetic screening also indicate that either of the parents had a recessive gene for disability. In that case, a parent should think deeply before making a decision to murder an unborn child. This paper avoids discussions about the legality or illegality of abortion. The author is opposed to abortion on the grounds of genetic disability because parents sometimes make illegitimate decisions. The proponents and opponents of abortion have strong discussion points. The compelling views in support of the termination of developing foetus on the grounds of genetic disability are unimportant and the author takes a stance that the action is unjustifiable because people with disability enjoy human rights and that disability does not connote i
Introduction Background Yachts Australia operates a small fleet of charter yachts in Australia. The business operates in the Great Barrier Reef on the coast of Queensland, with eleven members of staff. It has several sailing boats with varying number of Berths. The business employs temporary employees and backpackers to handle consumer demand during peak seasons and to deal with excess capacity requirements. A number of problems with the existing business systems are stifling expansion prospects. In addition to the primary business of charter yachts, the business also refurbishes yachts and sailboats for resale, and issues franchise agreements to people interested in the yacht charter business across Australia’s waters. This report relates to the exploration of the feasibility of a new system that should handle the challenges of Yacht Australia. Current Problems The main challenges that Yachts Australia needs to deal with come from the rapid growth that the company has seen in the last few years. It has been expanding operations without expanding the systems supporting the expansion. These problems include information security, human resource management, managing reservations currently characterised by double booking, and managing the commercial aspects of franchises. The problem with information security is that the only computers used to store information do not have secure passwords. Both permanent and temporary employees have access to the information stored there. On the human resource side, the main challenge that the business faces is the high numb
Introduction Cheating is a common phenomenon among students at all levels of education. It happens in high schools, colleges, and universities. In addition, it occurs in both traditional and online settings of learning. Students have sufficient time and resources that give them the opportunity to work hard and pass their exams through personal effort (Davis et al. 35). This begs the question: why do students cheat? Research has revealed that several reasons and factors are responsible for cheating in schools. A study conducted to find out the prevalence of cheating in colleges found out that approximately 75 percent of college students cheat at one time in the course of their stay at school (Davis et al. 36). There is need to find a lasting solution because cheating does not reflect the real potential of students. Effects of cheating are reflected in students’ performance at workplaces. Students cheat because many schools define excellence through grades, lack of self-confidence with one’s ability, pressure from parents and teachers to do well, and poor teaching methods that do not fulfill the goals of learning (McCabe et al. 51). Discussion Students cheat because many institutions of learning value grades more than attainment of knowledge (Davis et al. 36). Many school systems have placed more value on performing well in tests and examination than on the process of learning. When assessment tests and examinations play a key role in determining the future of a student, cheating becomes an appropriate channel to perform well (McCabe et al. 51). Few institutions encourage mastery of learning materials rather than tests. In such institutions, students develop a positive atti
The humankind may be not alone in the universe, and the Earth may be not the only planet with complex organisms inhabiting it, the recent data provided by Hubble says. According to the recent shots taken by Hubble from Europa’s surface, the Jupiter’s moon emits jets of the substance that may possibly be water. However, unless the aforementioned substance is viewed closer, it will be technically impossible to define whether the substance in question is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen, or whether hydrogen is mixed with other types of gas in the compound released from Europa’s surface. The secrets of Europa are not new – since the Galileo mission, Jupiter’s mysterious moon has been turning the eyes of hundreds of scientists all over the world. However, the attempts that have been undertaken so far shave shown little progress. Up until the famous shots of Europa’s geysers, the hypothesis regarding water stored under the satellite’s surface was hardly plausible. After a more detailed research, which the Clipper Project is going to be launched for, it will be possible to know for sure whether the geysers are the signs that Europa has undersurface water. However, to provide the Clipper Project with better chances for success, it will be required to study the frequency and the pattern of Europa’s geyser activity. Insofar, it has only been stated that Europa’s surface emits gas that may possibly contain vapors of H 2 O; however, launching Clipper into the unknown hoping that the Atlas V will miraculously happen to land into the center of the jet-like eruption to collect the data regarding its components is absurd. Therefore, it will be necessary to study the patterns of Europa’s geyser eruptions in order to forecast the ones that will take place once the Atlas V reaches the surface of Europa and, thus, plan the trajectory of Atlas V flight so that the launch system should pass one of the geysers when landing onto the surface of the planet. Seeing how Europa’s geysers have been discovered because of the ultraviolet radiation emitted from the planet’s surface and then interpreted with the help of one of the numerous technologies implanted in Hubble, it will be reasonable to suggest that the telescope for studying Europa’s geysers should be ultraviolet. More to the point, it should be constructed as a space telescope. Though Keck I and II have proven to be perfect in monitoring the satellite, they have a number of limitations, which will prevent from obtaining precise results. The project will cost $ 4,000,000 at the very least. The telescope for monitoring Europa’s geyser activity must have the following properties:   * Helium-cooling system;   * Aperture of 50 m (the largest one attainable at present (Dong and Han para. 1));   * Sensitivity: from mid-infrared to long-wavelength visible (Mignone and Barnes para. 2);   * 0.5 m 2 detector illuminated at fl 1.25;   * 180° field of view (apparent);   * 0.2° field of view (true);   * Calculated magnification of 900;   * 56 mm focal field (Meade – Super Plossl);   * 10–20 ηm infrared radiation detection;   * 1.5 ton;   * Sp
The ‘American Horror Story’ (AHS) is a horror anthology that was launched in 2011 to shatter the modern limits of what is acceptable. ‘Depraved’, as they claim, AHS brought along the classical horror themes (mental disorders, physical deformity, extreme violence) in the quantities that, according to reviewers, have ‘completely destroyed any remaining limitations that television censorship has placed on the horror genre’ (Hale 2015, para. 1-6; Hoppenstand 2012, p. 1; Joyrich 2014). So far, the anthology consists of five seasons, and it has no intent of stopping. The episodes of every season are united by a theme, a plot, and a number of characters (played by a cast that tends to migrate from one season to another).In the season one, for example, all the stories are connected to the Murder House that is owned by the Harmon family. The Briarcliff Sanitarium, an asylum for criminally insane, is the scenery for the second season; the third, the ‘Coven,’ develops the topic of witchcraft. The fourth, ‘Freak Show,’ exploits the imagery of physical deformity, and a mysterious Hotel appears in the fifth season (Sevenich 2013). Apart from that, the genre of anthology offers a marvellous opportunity to expand the range of the terrifying topics. For example, you will learn that in AHS, the past affects the present and repeats itself, leaving no chance for the characters to avoid their grim fate. The second episode of the ‘Murder House’ could serve as an illustration for this topic: when a group of murder fans attempts to repeat a crime that took place in the House several decades ago, the resident spirit demonstrates them, that the House does not need accomplices but is always interested in expanding its collection of lost souls… It is difficult not to notice that many of the series’ themes are classical and recognisable. AHS interprets real stories (like that of Black Dahlia) and refers to the works of fantasy that true horror fans will undoubtedly recognise (Carman 2012; Vink 2014; Farrimond 2013). ‘The Shining’ and ‘The Amityville Horror’ have definitely been the inspiration for the first season, along with ‘Rosemary’s Baby’, even though AHS has significantly revised the idea of a diabolical child. Similarly, in the ‘Coven,’ Delphine LaLaurie learns what ‘The Premature Burial’ feels like, but she survives for decades due to her (bad) luck and the curse of immortality. When citing familiar themes, the anthology does not hesitate to change or, rather, twist them to create something that is definitely in tune with AHS