ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract In every country, it is necessary to have appropriate policies governing the conduct of the production activities because people share same environment. It is therefore necessary to consider the contribution of production activities from all dimensions. This study involves the cap-and-trade system which is aimed at promoting environmental well being as well as promoting economic activities. From this discussion, the cap-and –trade system has significant economic benefits compared with the top-down regulation. Under the cap-and-trade regulation, the regulation is determined by the market. It is therefore characterized by a high level of efficiency. On the other hand, the top-down system is characterized by dictatorship from the regulators hence encouraging bureaucracy in the operations. This makes the decision making process to become more complex. Discussion Over the recent past, the issue of pollution has raised great concerns as the level of pollution continues to rise. Several strategies have been applied in an effort to find the lasting solution. The cap and trade regulation is one of the main strategies which are targeted at achieving these benefits. However, these restrictions raise some economic issues on whether the restriction will have any economic benefits. For instance, carbon emissions are as a result of production activities, which significantly contribute to economic growth. On the other hand, environmental activists will argue that such emissions are dangerous on the environment. In other words, there is need to consider the opportunity cost of each course of action. It is always necessary to estimate which course of action will contribute more economically. With the cap-and –trade system, the market is the one which automatically decides on where and when to cut emissions (Schoenbrod & Stewart, 2009). This is more efficient because the market operations control the level of emissions freely. In addition, in this method, the regulators cannot be able to dictate on the rules and therefore eliminates bureaucracy. It also promotes the speed of decision making. Since this system is market controlled, it is more likely to promote economic growth. Despite of these achievements associated with cap-and –trade system, it suffers from some shortcomings. For instance, this allocation may prove insufficient in case of the market failure. In the market, the economic allocation in certain situations may prove insufficient. In such a case, some of the people may s
Introduction According to Hull (1997), the modern working environment is challenging, and this raises a lot of questions about the dynamics in work and employment. In order to enhance the functioning of the work environment, it is critical to explore issues that surround the modern working environment. The dynamics of work and employment involve issues of gender, legal issues, skills, and the changing demands of technology among a series of other issues in the country. In this paper, It is argued that the changing needs of work and employment are factors that must be explored in order to enhance better working relations within the modern working environment. Employers and employees, as well as organizations and the labour industry must be ready to confront the realities of the complexity of work and employment. The dynamics at work and employment in the modern working environment are also explored in this paper. Modern working environment is taken to be the collective organizational expanse in the midst of the organizational dynamics of work and employment that are being witnessed in the contemporary economy. Through an exploration of literature, the paper brings out the issues that confront working and employment in the contemporary economy. Literature review Skills in work and employment There are a lot of changes in the contemporary economy. These changes need to be captured in order to better the functioning of modern organizations. It is argued that the question of skills is critical in work and employment. According to Grugulis and Lloyd (2010), the question of skills and how these skills are distributed across the labour industry determines the value of the work environment and its contribution to organizational performance. The qualification of employees change with the changing demands in different industries in the economy. This is the main challenge in the management of skills. The question of skills in the workplace in not a new issue since it is an issue that has come out in the labour theory (Payne 2000). The modern work environment requires diversity of skills in order to deal with the multiple complexities of work and employment (Junor 2010). The issue of skills at work and employment has moved away from the simple question of asking and specifying the roles of employees in the workplace to quite complex questions of whether the current nature of labourers in the modern labour industry can provide employees who are conversant with the challenges and needs of the contemporary work environment. What comes out from the findings is that there is a widening gap between the demand for skills and the rate at which the global labour industry can supply the required labour skills to meet the demands of the modern working environment (Salomon
Janet Holmes and Meredith Marra (2004) attempted to investigate the specifics of relation practice in their article “Relational practice in the workplace: Women’s talk or gendered discourse?” published in Language in Society. The authors have managed to create a well-structured and informative article by choosing an appropriate approach to presenting the information and supporting each of the claims with much evidence. The main aim of the article stated by the authors is to discover diverse ways of manifestations of relational practice at a workplace and focus on its specific instances to illustrate how it is discounted in New Zealand workplaces. The analysis provided by the authors is aimed at extending Fletcher’s research and support the researcher’s statement about the importance of relational practice, which is publicly ignored with relevant evidence. To achieve their goal, the authors have created a well-developed structure of the article. This structure helps the reader to understand the specifics of the main topic fully and explore the main claims presented by the authors and supported by evidence. The first part of the article is devoted to defining relational practice. The second one helps to explore the manifestations of relational practice at a workplace. The third part is dedicated to discovering the relation between the investigated phenomenon and gender and workplace culture. The authors define relational practice by exploring its three main components: orientation to facing the needs of others, serving to advance the primary objectives of the workplace, and being regarded as dispensable or peripheral (Holmes & Marra, 2004). Such approach to defining the phenomenon helps to inform the reader about all important aspects of the concept and present the information in a logic and well-structured way. The authors analyze each of the components in details and help the reader to understand how they influence the role of relation practice and the way it is perceived by the workers. Such analysis helps to distinguish relation practice from other “superficially similar types of workplace talk” (Holmes & Marra, 2004, p. 379). Besides, the authors explore four categories of relation practice identified by Fletcher. These categories include preserving and mutual empowerment, which are oriented to organizational goals, and self-achieving and creating a team, which are oriented to interpersonal goals (Holmes & Marra, 2004). The authors analyze each of the categories to illustrate the functions of relation practice. The second part of the article is devoted to manifestations of relation practice, including creating team, small talk and social talk, positive humor, off-record approval, damage contro
Nursing’s Legislative Proposal Letter Subject : Supporting Child Maltreatment Prevention Efforts in Community Health Centers Act of 2011. S.54.IS Dear Sir, I am writing to you regarding a legislative proposal that calls for the implementation of demonstration projects at community health centers. Its main goal is to facilitate universal access to evidence-based healthcare. In particular, it is aimed at ensuring that children can receive timely medical assistance and prevent them from being maltreated. This bill is going to be sponsored through the use of grant funds. On the whole, this legislative act can be justified; the problem is that at least 5,800,000 children can be maltreated every year (The Library of Congress, 2011). In many cases, they come from low-income families who cannot afford proper healthcare services. Furthermore, this initiative can be supported from a Biblical viewpoint, because Christianity emphasizes the idea of empathy and willingness to help those people who experience hardships. This is why this recommendation can be accepted. Nevertheless, this initiative has a certain implication. In particular, this program will put an extra strain on medical institutions that are often understaffed. It is possible to say that these demonstration projects described in this bill can prevent medical workers from other important duties. It should be noted that Christian principles oblige a person to think about the benefits and drawbacks of certain actions. This legal action can have significant implications for nurses because they will be responsible for the implementation of these demonstration projects. They will raise people’s awareness about the dangers of maltreatment, especially if one is speaking about children. The success of these initiatives will strongly depend on the skills and com
According to a study conducted by students from university of Georgia, out of every 6500 families in America one family is at risk of not finding a hot meal for a day or two. However, there is a non-governmental organization (NGO) located in Savannah, Georgia where we deal with issues concerning providing meals to homeless, needy, elderly, and hungry individual within the community. Beacon of hope (BOH) is a place where needy individuals can come, have a meal, and socialize with other individuals from all occupations. Each year, Beacon of hope provides meals to over 41,000 families spread across the state. That is, street families, needy and elderly who cannot afford a meal during hard economic times. Beacon Seeks to serve people in America today who cannot afford to feed their families for a whole year. To begin with, there are families in America today living under $15 a day. This simply means that such family can only afford two meals a day considering that these families have other bills to settle. This, suggest that there has to be a place where families can acquire meals and that is places like Beacon of Hope. Good examples of such places are the Beacon of hope and World hope where meals are offered at absolutely free of charge. Beacon of hope understands that people face financial constraints because the economy is not supportive as it used to be, people need financial assistance, without this, the American family would go hungry. Beaco
The issue of abortion has been hotly debated in many countries. The letter “Don’t punish women” by Dan Ridge focused on abortion, encouraging people to protect the born instead of advising expectant mothers not to abort. Thus, Ridge admonishes individuals to ensure that they care for children since many people are against abortion and do not emphasize the challenges of children who have already been born. Ridge offers to protect the born instead of fighting abortion as her argument. Additionally, she talks about the uniqueness of the DNA, showing that the unborn child is an completely separate individual, which is true. However, the principles in Ridge’s argument do not provide enough support for her conclusion since she does not state why unborn children should not be taken care of like the born children. Many religions, such as Christians, believe that life begins at conception. Ridge has also asked whether societies should not value humans since they are not born. Consequently, any living human should be protected, whether living or unborn. Although readers can oppose some of Ridge’s arguments, other claims should be analyzed to determine whether they are correct. For instance, the idea that individuals should care for the born children is valid since many people abandon their kids. Ridge has also revealed how people focus on prohibiting abortion while the air is bad, thus, the born children will suffer. Moreover, society is against abortion but does not support mothers and children who experience various community challenges (Donohue & Levitt, 2020). For instance, children have been forced to flee their homes and live in the streets due to life struggles in their homes. Children from low socioeconomic families encounter problems when trying to access education and health care facilities. Ridge’s claim is also valid since it demonstrates what kids experience in society. Consequently, readers should focus on the argument’s strengths and weaknesses before concluding whether Ridge is right or wrong. Reference Donohue, J. J., & Levitt, S. (2020). The impact of legalized abortion on crime over the last two decades. American Law and Economics Review , 22 (2), 241- 302. Web.
Introduction The composition of scholarly papers requires a careful selection of literature, facts, and knowledge about the principles of research. However, if the objectives and goals of the study are determined wrongly, as well as the research methods, the scientist can get incorrect results, even if the original idea was brilliant. Therefore, students should familiarize themselves with the rules and principles of writing scholarly paper before starting work on their own research. It is especially crucial in this case to understand the main points and learn the correct algorithms for formulating the goals of the study and the selection of methods for researching in practice. In addition, an important aspect is the study of the topic that relates to the student’s specialty because this choice facilitates an understanding of the works, and also deepens the knowledge necessary for mastering the course. For this reason, ten scientific papers on leadership styles will be compared and contrasted in this paper to study and understand in practice the basic principles of writing scientific research. Summary of the Articles All articles studied in this work address leadership styles from different points of view and for a different purpose, but they have on a shared topic. The authors of these works compare leadership styles, determine their dependence and influence, and also give a new direction and perspectives for researching this topic. In addition, the results of all works have practical and theoretical applications because of their novelty and relevance. The authors of the article “Reviewing leadership styles” take as their goal the study of new types of leadership and their main differences to discover the ways in which these styles overlap. The primary method of analysis is the study of the literature. As a result, Anderson and Sun (2017) conclude that many styles overlap; therefore, it is necessary to research and create a new “full range” model with unique styles for progress in this area of leadership styles and management. The authors of “The relationship between the leadership styles of school managers and organizational cynicism” intended to identify the correlation between leadership styles and organizational cynics. The main research methods were questionnaires and regression analysis. The authors found that the influence of the transformational leader aspects of organizational cynicism is significant. The results of the study can be applied to the choice of management method in educational institutions and further research on the topic. The article “Impact of leadership styles on e
Introduction The current paper presents a literature review on the publications considering the interaction of music and memory. It reviews five articles published no early than the year 2017, which allows achieving high modernity and consistency with the contemporary research mainstream. The articles included are research studies in psychology published in peer review journals. In the chosen papers, the samples of participants are quite diverse: three types of research studied students, one research had two groups – young and older adults, and another one tested older adults both from typically developed and clinical populations with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The purpose of this review is to analyze the background of the research field and to direct future investigation. It is essential to be aware of what type of memory is elicited in the experimental task processing (Nguyen & Grahn, 2017). Moreover, music as a stimulus is a vague concept, and researchers chose a particular variant of musical material that must be taken into account in interpretation (Deason, Strong, Tat, Simmons-Stern, & Budson, 2019). The current paper demonstrates that the variety of methodology in different experiments determines scattered results, hindering generalization in the field, and presents the hypothesis of the planned study. Studies on Typically Developed Young Adults Many studies aim to explain the controversy observed in the research of music and memory. Suchwise, Nguyen, and Grahn (2017) assume that the previous findings were diverse because each study tested differ
Introduction Aristophanes’ Lysistrata discloses not only social relations, reconciliation, and salvation through protest; it also represents anti-war motives achieved through woman’s remonstration as the only means to safe Greece from destructions. The action evolves around the idea to come about the salvation of Greek people that is hatched by the main heroine of the play Lysistrata who encourages all women of Greece to withhold their marriage obligations if men do not put an end to the war. Agreeing upon the plan, all women take control of Acropolis and seize the treasure gained by men during the war. Enormous efforts are made by women to take advantage of their husbands and stop enmity between the belligerents. Initiating the struggle between sexes and striking against violence and war, Lysistrata makes men agree to women’s terms to stop the fight and arrange a peace agreement. The main heroine manages to bring salvation and reconciliation while negotiating with males and representing herself as a Reconciliation’s body. She proves close connection between sexual desire and political negotiation being intertwined as the ambassadors whose tandem contributes to peace making. In this respect, Lysistrata is seen as an exceptional heroine whose intelligence, wisdom, and feministic inclination help overcome aggressiveness, violence, and injustice initiated by men. She, therefore, can be presented as a symbol of peace, pleasure, and reconciliation at the same time. Presenting Lysistrata as an Exceptional Character in Peace Making Presenting Lysistrata within Historical Context Interestingly, heroine’s name literary translates as the arms disbander, which emphasizes the scope of her mission in the war. Lysistrata’s methods cannot be called purely pacifist because not all of her deeds are subject to non-violent approaches. This creates a certain ambivalence of the anti-war characters of the play without distorting its main idea of peace-making. In this respect, the heroine’s resolute steps taken to stop the Peloponnesian War between Sparta and Athens can be regarded as nothing more but a women’s attempt to return her husband to home. As such, Lysistrata can considered as an exceptional character who manages to present the concept of peace as being closely associated with natural order of things where human
Executive Summary The following essay is about mystery shopping and ways of improving shopping experience in JC Penny stores in the United States. With increased competition among the retail service providers and the consumers scaling down their budgets to cope up with the hard economic period, it is imperative for the companies to ensure that they are well prepared in their stores for their greatly experienced customers. Many organisations are contracting mystery shoppers in order to provide feedback on their customer’s experience as well as enable them to identify ways of improving their service delivery. Mystery shopping is an imperative aspect not only for the retailer but also for the retail shopper who is able to identify ways through which the business may improve within the shortest time possible. The need for these services is on the rise in many retail stores all over the world as well as providers of other services such as banks, hotels and software providers. This report is from Zeng Management and Consultancy, a firm that deals with consultancy activities especially in evaluation of services and products offered by a given company. This report will describe its findings on investigations carried out on JC Penny retail stores. The report includes the methodology of conducting the investigations and the various aspects of the company investigated. The final part of this essay will look into how JC Penny stores can improve their customer experience by making shopping more interesting than their competitors do. The research will provide details of the areas that need improvement in provision of customer service. The need for the increased customer experience is important to the many companies that provide the service in the field of marketing to ensure that there is proper way of carrying out the business all over the world through well-integrated customer experience. With increased technology and the fact that word of mouth spreads faster than any other advertising method it is imperative for the companies seeking to improve their service delivery to contract the services of mystery shoppers. This will enable the companies to identify the areas that need improvement as well as identify their key strengths and competitive advantages in service delivery. Service delivery is an important aspect for any business irrespective of the quality of service or product it offers as most consumers look for a good shopping experience. The analysis of the JC Penny customer experience had the following methodology and findings. Methodology The methodology used in mystery shopping involved three myste