ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Defense planning is one of the critical parts of the United States’ future strategy as it assists in preventing attacks and minimizing their consequences. Nevertheless, as shown by Gray, the nature of threats is changing, making it difficult to prepare a successful defense strategy (5). Anticipating new and emerging threats can thus help to improve the United States’ readiness for war. The present paper will seek to argue that attacks on military cyberspace are an emerging technology that will change the character of war and that the United States can deter the threat by improving the security and stability of its military cyberspaces. The development of technology allows other countries to perform cyber attacks on the U.S. cyberspace, which could affect military function in the context of war (Jabbour and Ratazzi 38). However, there are viable strategies that the United States could employ in order to secure its military cyberspace. For example, reducing potential vulnerabilities and improving resilience would contribute to the deterrence and mitigation of cyber attacks in the future (Kern 90-91). Building a comprehensive strategy for securing cyberspace should thus be among the key steps taken by the United States to prepare for the threat. Cyber attacks are becoming a concern for the U.S. defense strategy, as other countries develop their potential in the field of cyber technologies and gain the capacity to attack the U.S. cyberspace. Haney states that both Russia and China have been exploring and using new technologies to exploit vulnerabilities in the cyber domain (5). Cyber attacks pose a threat to many industries and can also be used to damage the country’s defense mechanisms. As explained by Jabbour and Ratazzi, cyberspace is “a foundational domain that enables US military superiority and secondarily as another warfighting domain in its own right, where specific effects can be achieved through cyberspace operations” (38). Ricks also describes the technique of cyber-siege, stating that one of the core vulnerabilities of the United States is its reliance on cyber technologies in military operations. Therefore, by performing attacks on the U.S. cyberspace, hostile forces can influence the country’s response to threats, thus affecting the outcomes of the war. Nevertheless, there is a potential for the United States to deter the attacks on its military cyberspace, thus preventing the damage to the defense strategy. Jabbour and Ratazzi argue that a strategy for securing cyberspace could be effective in preventing attacks (38). However, it is critical to ensure that the strategy is comprehensive and takes into account the various properties of cyberspace, including rapid changes to technology, global impact, and jurisdictional complexity (Jabbour and Ratazzi 41). Developing such strategy would require significant knowledge and understanding of
Amazon intends to enter the global market. According to the expert’s point of view, the company takes small steps for the accomplishment of the goal. A couple of years earlier, the company introduced the idea of creating a global logistic network, however, only now it takes steps towards the fulfillment of the aims. The primary purpose of the paper is to evaluate how the proposed plan relates to the actions of Amazon and examine the IS strategy of the company. Amazon’s Plan The pivotal objective of Amazon is to extend the borders of the market and to ease the product flow during peak periods in a year, such as Christmas. In 2013, the company introduced the expansion strategy (Soper, 2016). Amazon aimed to cooperate with China and India to create a global delivery network. According to the aggressive plan, the company wanted to become a rival to Alibaba and FedEx. It worth stating that Amazon, as well as Alibaba, are the companies that aim to take the dominant position in the commerce market (Soper, 2016). The Amazon plan suggests an increase in the number of shoppers by 2020. The organization highlights that its aim is to serve more than 900 million customers in countries worldwide (Soper, 2016). In accordance with the report, sellers will do not need to use FedEx or DHL, as Amazon can do it instead. The organization uses the third-party carriers to create the international network, and after Amazon reaches the needed level of the development and confidence in the global market, the company will be ready to compete on the market without the carriers (Hecht, 2011). For the company to meet the objectives, the organization shifts the attention towards the cloud service. With small steps towards the accomplishment of the goal, the company implemented the changes and approaches into the working process successfully, and it makes Amazon one of the most profitable and advanced organizations in the commerce sector. Porter’s Model To get a better understanding of the success of the Amazon strategy plan, the company’s objectives should be analyzed through Porter’s model. The company offers a broad range of products from books to technical devices. Amazon has control over the suppliers and can affect them on the questions reg
Introduction David Count’s “Too Many Bananas, Not Enough Pineapples, and No Watermelon at All: Three Object Lessons in Living with Reciprocity” interweaves the experiences of the author and his family while they were living in the Kandoka Village located on the island of New Britain in Papua New Guinea. The article is divided into three stories which were, incidentally, sparked by the involvement of the three fruits mentioned in its title. Since the culture in the Kandoka Village was somewhat like a barter trade, people exchange fruits when you give or receive favors from them. Since everyone in that small village espouses a society where people have few possessions, reciprocity is ingrained in their culture. As the author and his family were living with them for 15 years as guests in the village, they had no choice but to abide by the cultural norms and traditions of the Kandoka people. Bananas, pineapples, and watermelon Since three different incidents were related to fruits, the author mentioned three important facts that supported his article. First, he learned that “when a society where food is shared or gifted as part of social life, you may not buy it with money”. He learned this lesson when he bought a watermelon from an outsider woman using money. This brought the ire of the Kandoka leader because they do not want his guests in his village to “buy” food. The leader said if they wanted watermelons, or anything else, the guests should only let them know. The leader revealed that it was all right for them to give little gifts to people who brought food, but no one should sell food for the money. Second, the author learned to “never refuse a gift, and never fail to return a gift. If you cannot use it, you can always give it away to someone else—there is no such thing as too much”. The author related this incident when they had too many bananas already – that some are already over-ripening in their veranda. And yet, a woman is bringing in more bananas for them, and naturally, the author’s family refused because they had no more use for more bananas. The Kandoka leader again explained to them that they should never refuse gifts because the giver would be ashamed of her good deed. What the right thing to do in their culture is to give away what they had received as gifts when there are too many bananas already. Lastly, the author learned that “where reciprocity is the rule and gifts are the idioms, you cannot demand a gift, just as you cannot refuse a request”. An incident happened when they mentioned to an old woman to give them back anything of what she is asking for – like pineapples. What this old woman did was steal a pineapple from others for her to give back to them as a gift. Reflection on the article I found the article interesting and funny because it echoed the experiences of a foreigner living in a village that simply existed
Case Study Background An extensive reorganization became noticeable at Tucker Corporation in the fiscal year 1993. This made the Corporation to be divided into three key product segments namely utility turbines, military engines and the commercial jet engines. Each segment was to be governed by a vice president directly reporting to Mr. Harnett, the corporation president. For independent operations, each segment had its own accounting, manufacturing, engineering and other departments. The segments often found it indispensable to use other departments or segment services in order to avoid incurring additional facilities and staffing costs. For instance, laboratory happened to be a commonly shared department. The laboratory manager had to report directly to the military jet engines segment manager (Samson & Daft, 2011). Thus, from the organizational chart underneath, it is apparent that the laboratory subdivision had to be situated in the segment of military jet engines for the reason that the administrator had to be openly answerable to the military jets engines director. Tucker Corporation Divisional organizational structure Conflicts between Mr. Franklin and Miss Hodge Modest interdepartmental conflicts became well known before the retirement of the laboratory manager, Mr. Garfield in the fiscal 1999. Nonetheless, subsequent to assuming Mister Garfield position, Miss Hodge impatiently sought to attain the interest of Tucker Corporation’s administration. She barely spearheaded Tucker Corporation interests but almost exclusively advanced private affairs. In not more than half a year Miss Hodge had been an employee of Tucker Corporation; there was a range of inter-departmental clashes. The production unit for instance, was formerly utilizing the lab department to investigate the preferred resources constituents. Miss Hodge however had the sensation that the lab ought to integrate assorted actions that is; choosing supplies, assessing tentative statistics and crafting experimentation. Despite offering to have consultation with Miss Hodge, Mr. Franklin affirmed that his department will make the ultimate selection decision. This disagreement allowed other results implementation conflicts to arise. Franklin averred that the spot held by Hodge in the testing lab made her inept to understand the wide-ranging plan reflections disturbing the eventual material assortment judgments. On the other hand, she assumed that, like most metallurgists, she had resources knowledge which Mister Franklin was short of. Thus, when compared to Mister Garfield’s administration, Mister Franklin realized that any de
Many philosophers, such for instance, Plato or Descartes believed that reality exists only in our consciousness, which means that we mostly base our judgment on what we can perceive by means of the five senses: vision, hearing, taste, smell, and touch. The question arises whether these guides are reliable. Many experiments, which have recently been conducted by psychologists, prove that under certain circumstances our senses may delude us. The main reason for is that a human being often predefined what he or she wants to see or hear, and pays no attention to the information the senses give. Thus, it is necessary to understand when we should trust our senses and to what extent. The five common senses are used by the consciousness to understand different aspects of our environment. Through this interaction between the senses, we are able to derive an integrated picture of our environment, which we then proceed to call reality. Yet, it should be pointed out that a human being usually gives preference only to one of the five senses, particularly, to vision, while the information received by other sensors is often disregarded. As a result, the picture that we perceive may be distorted or even entirely wrong. Overall, we seldom ask ourselves whether our senses are telling us the truth. However, we experience something, which may question the validity of the data, obtained by the five senses. This may happen when we perceive something counterintuitive- something against our expectations. The question then becomes one of determining whether to trust our senses completely or not, or just to trust them partially. I will draw several examples from my experiences to clarify it. Some time ago, I was conducting a biology experiment in the laboratory. It was supposed to determine the relative amount of vitamin c concentrate in a homogenate. This particular experiment involved adding approximately 1 ml of vitamin c solution to a test tube. In the meantime, four replicate test tubes, each containing 1 ml of vitamin c, were set up. Through various lab processes, the vitamin C concentration was supposed to influence the number of iodine drops b changing the color to black of the homogenate solution. In essence, the change of color is an indication of the hydrolysis of starch. The presence of star
Passage 1: This passage is taken from first treatise on “Good and evil”, “good and bad”. This treatise looks at the judgment given in the deriving of values (Nietzsche et al. 10). That is it looks at how the values are formed and how they can be judged to be real values of humanity or not. This poses the question of how values really come to humanity and if they are representative of all people and of equal value to those who are required to uphold them. The quote describes the distance that has come between those who are rankled high and the masses who are ranked lowly (Nietzsche et al. 10). There is an indifference towards the masses and the transformation model that Nietzsche’s offers demands the pathos of distance. The distance can change with the slave revolt to morality if the human image is overcome. Humanity has become embedded I nihilism. This leaves it vulnerable to spiritualization and looking to the external to indicate its morality. However if humanity’s self image is broken and the spirit set free it can work with the intellectual to find greater and otherwise unknown comprehension of the human nature. The right to create values was taken by those in high ranks who became the ones to judge what is good based on their own experience (Nietzsche et al. 10). They based their perception of what is good on what they received and deemed good while the masses were obliged to accept that as common and if common then as the norm of the values. Usefulness itself would refer to the utility of the values. If those who are ranked highly give a value that is not of use to humanity or disregards those considered lowly then it has no value and it is useless to have such a value. This passage presents the philosophical arguments on values. Passage 2: This passage is located in the preface. It is the starting point of Nietzsche’s discourse. It sets the stage for Nietzsche’s philosophical thoughts. By beginning to consider the human person in relation to the self, the thoughts about humanity can be better understood since humanity is made up of the sum of the individuals. The ‘we knowers’ in the passage refers to those who think and feel that they are in the know based on their knowledge, education and experiences. They regard themselves as rather less ignorant that the other people and believe they know it all as philosophers (Nietzsche et al. 1). Nietzsche introduces some reasons as to why we are unknown to ourselves. It would seem that we are unknown to ourselves being that we do not look for ourselves. It would be hard to find that which we are not concerned with. There is no attention to the self and as such self awareness escapes us. The main concern seems to be with able to find and bring something (Nietzsche et al. 1). The attention is outside ourselves and there is little room for inward glance. The second reason is that experiences do not form part of what is taken seriously understood and treasured (Nietzsche et al. 1). There is no concern to internalize the experiences. They just keep adding up in life without being meaningfully utilized because there is little time to pay attention to them. Life is rushed abo
Introduction A person can either purchase or rent a house. However, these options will present numerous cons and pros. People should consider these issues before making their final decisions. To begin with, renting a house can be a major financial commitment. The expenses of renting a house can be extremely shocking. On the other hand, the cost of owning (or purchasing) a home can be manageable. Every person should be prepared before purchasing a house. This argumentative essay examines the issues associated with renting and owning a house. Pros and Cons of Owning a House House buyers cannot complete the transaction without having a proper insurance. The cost is between $50 and $100 per month. The property owner will have to pay monthly taxes of between $80 and $150. House owners should also cater for association fees . Such owners will incur extra costs for utilities and maintenance. They should also replace various appliances, roofs, and bathrooms within a period of 20 years. These costs are inevitable after purchasing a house. That being the case, individuals should analyze these costs before purchasing a home. The individual will incur some initial costs for purchasing the house. Sometimes a person can use hire purchase to acquire a home. Someone who plans to stay in a region for more than 10 years can purchase a house. The initial costs will be extremely high. However, the costs will reduce significantly in the coming years. The property will also appreciate within the specified period. The decision to purchase a home will reduce the actual monthly costs. This fact explains why a large number of people prefer to purchase a house. Pros and Cons of Renting a House Individuals who rent a house will not pay property taxes. The lease also presents some “terms and conditions”. Such terms indicate the costs to be incurred by the tenant. The tenant will also incur some costs for internet, phone cable, electricity, and gas. Some landlords expect their tenants to pay for house maintenance. However, such costs are not always common. Maintenance is usually provided thus reducing the costs incurred by the tenant. Some individuals will be required to incur some insurance costs. Such costs will be between $30 and $40 per month. The person renting a house will be required to pay a specified amount every month. The individual may also incur some insurance costs. After the end of the targeted period, the person will get his or her “security deposit”. This “security deposit” is refunded at the end of the lease period. Many people will use these issues and facts whenever making their decisions. Every person should analyze the financial issues associated with renting and purchasing a home. Conclusion The above analysis explains why every person should make the best decision before getting a house. The decision to rent a house will result in minimum costs. However, such expenses will increase after a very long time. However, a person who intends to stay in a specific region for a short time should not purchase a house. This strategy
Introduction This paper is aimed at creating a leadership development training program for such a company as Maersk Group. In particular, one should focus on the needs of the employees who will occupy the top 120 positions in this organization. This group is called “mission critical” by the management (Groysberg & Abbott, 2013, p. 6). The program will be based on the model that is known as ADDIE. It includes such tasks as assessment, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (Labin, 2012, p. 4). This framework is useful for understanding the HR problems encountered by this organization (Werner & DeSimone, 2011, p. 6). Moreover, this model is helpful for examining the strengths and weaknesses of the training offered to workers (Labin, 2012, p. 4). Assessment The purpose of this evaluation is to identify the primary needs of this corporation. Much attention should be paid to those workers who occupy leading positions in various divisions of Maersk Group. At first, it is necessary to use quantitative measurements that can highlight potential inefficiencies in HR practices of this company and its training programs. For instance, one should estimate the amount of time that a new hire spends to reach the positions of leadership. Managers should also focus on the turnover rates in this company. Furthermore, they may apply in-depth interviews that can cast a light on the opinions of workers. It should be mentioned that new workers need at least 12 years to become the members of the executive group (Groysberg & Abbott, 2013, p. 9). As a rule, they can do it within 15 years. These data suggest that some of the existing HR practices are not efficient because competent workers can display their leadership qualities at the early stages of their career. Furthermore, only 20 percent of new hires choose to stay in Maersk Group for more than five years (Groysberg & Abbott, 2013, p. 8). Thus, one can suppose that the strategic development of this business can be imp
Introduction Modern children can hardly imagine the world without computer technology and often do not believe that phones were tied with cords to one place a few decades ago. Many infants learn to find favorite cartoons on their parents’ smartphones even before they can speak well. Children study, play educational games, interact with peers, watch movies, read books, and listen to music using a variety of gadgets. However, despite the many positive effects of digital space, many parents, teachers, and pediatricians are concerned about the increasing screen time and wonder if children will become over-dependent on technology. The Availability of Digital Technologies in the Life of a Child Such gadgets as computers, laptops, tablets, smartphones, and e-books surround many children at home. The young generation watches their parents use tools and does so too, learning digital space incredibly quickly. Having collected data from 537 kindergarten babies and their parents, Konca concluded that televisions, smartphones, and tablets were the most available devices for 3-6-year-olds (4). It was found that 93.1% of the participants had access to a television, 68% could use at least one smartphone of their parents, and 56.3% could take a tablet (Konca 6). The favorite tool of most young users is the tablet due to its versatility and ease to use (Chaudron et al. 17). Thus, many gadgets allow children to be involved in the digital space from the first years. The number of families who have a computer with Internet access is increasing every year. According to the National Statistical Institute data, families with children are more likely to have the Internet at home than families without kids (Chaudron et al. 100). A lot of parents taking into account the digitalization of the modern world are confident that their kids need to be aware of the Internet space. Moreover, in the pandemic period, when many schools are forced to choose distance studying, pupils use computers to do homework and attend online lessons. Konca also revealed that 49.66% of participants used digital devices alone, 34.58% used the devices under the supervision of an adult, and 15.76% used them with another kid (6). Hence, most children have access to online technology, considering media a natural part of their lives. Screen Time: Doctor’s Recommendations and Reality Not all parents keep track of the amount of time their children spend on the Internet. Many boys choose to play online games instead of playing football outside, while girls prefer to wear virtual dolls instead of real ones. About 75% of parents say that “they are satisfied with the amount and quality of the educational media available to their children” (Rideout and Robb 6). However, 40% find it challenging to make the kids turn off the computer or laptop, which can be evidence of dependence (Rideout and Robb 6). The amount of time spent with various gadgets grows with an infant. Wh