ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The number of hospitalists is on the rise. Such professionals are presenting the best health care to many patients. According to Kripalani, Jackson, Schnipper, and Coleman (2007, p. 316), “a hospitalist is a caregiver who takes care of patients in different healthcare facilities”. Such caregivers provide their services in different healthcare facilities. These hospitalists can provide evidence-based support to their patients. Many hospitalists make sure their patients receive the best medical support. Hospitalists should also communicate effectively with different physicians. This practice will improve the quality of care. The “ultimate goal of every hospitalist is to improve the quality of inpatient care” (Kripalani et al., 2007, p. 318). These practitioners can produce positive results in different healthcare settings. Many “hospitalists ensure their patients are admitted for a short period” (Sultz & Young, 2011, p. 14). The practice has the potential to reduce the medical costs incurred by different patients. The duties of a hospitalist can improve the nature of medical care. Many hospitalists are currently providing effective patient care. They also encourage their workmates to promote the best healthcare practices. They also promote the concept of nursing leadership . Many hospitalists liaise with their patients in order to achieve the best medical outcomes. They also offer quality care to their patients (Kripalani et al., 2007). Many hospitalists use proper leadership ideas in order to improve the quality of care. This practice “has increased the level of satisfaction and efficiency” (Kripalani et al., 2007, p. 319). Some Trends in this Profession The term “hospitalist” emerged in 1996. However, the number of hospitalists has increased to over 15,000. Such individuals are embracing new roles in order to take care of their patients. Such hospitalists make it easier for many physicians to offer the best care. These “hospitalists promote new skills in order to shorten the period of stay” ( Hospitalists Shorten Hospital Stays and Improve Patient Care, 2014, para 6). They have also introduced new ideas that can improve the level of patient satisfaction. Some new trends are also notable in this profession. For instance, many hospitalists are currently working in different health departments. Hospitalists “do not have office responsibilities ” (Sultz & Young, 2011, p. 14). The professionals focus on the best patient outcomes. These practitioners “are also collaborating with different physicians in order to co-manage their patients” (Kripalani et al., 2007, p. 321). These professionals are also improving their competencies in order to offer the best care. The current economic patterns are encouraging more practitioners to join this profession. More caregivers are widening their skills in order to become competent hospitalists. Such practices will eventually improve the quality of nursing care. Are Hospitalists Having A Positi
A journey map usually shows the process which an individual goes through in order to meet his/her goals and aspirations. This paper is aimed to create a journey map for average student that regularly has to come to school in the morning. Despite being quite simple, this process also has some deficiencies that should be addressed. The simple journey map can highlight the main barriers, challenges, and doubts individuals experience during their trip to school. Following the interviews with colleagues, some similar patterns were identified. Nevertheless, many students have their own experience of getting to school with unique demands and barriers. Assuming that the actor is Jamie, who lives in 25 minutes of transit from his educational institution, while his goal is to arrive in time and in a good mood. The first phase of the map is Awakening, which usually takes place one hour before the departure (See Fig. 1). The problem is that current high school students disrupt their natural sleeping patterns because the school’s starting time is 8:00. The student has a choice to get up immediately following the alarm or nap for some time. It is followed by the Preparation phase during which Jamie takes a shower, brushes his teeth, has breakfast, packs all necessary things, and gets dressed. Students often seriously think about clothes they want to put on themselves and waste the limited time. Next, the main phase Trip occurs following the earlier made decision to travel by own car or by public transport. Jamie has a driver’s license, so he travels by car, and it takes 12 minutes instead of 25 minutes by bus. The last phase will be named Short Walk that encompasses the parking process, a short stroll to the school’s entrance, and time spent for socializing. This simple journey map of an average student who lives not so far from the institution is also able to highlight its main issues. First of all, students go to bed not earlier than 11:00 pm but have to wake up at 6:00 am. Six or fewer hours’ sleep is not enough and leads to exhaustion in the long-run. In Jamie’s case, it makes his car drive more dangerous due to his physical conditions. Another issue is a waste of time regarding choice over what to wear. From a pragmatic perspective, the main opportunities here are to change the sleeping pattern, introduce later starts in schools, and consider special dress code. Work Cited Pinsker, Joe. “ The Curse of America’s Illogical School-Day Schedule. ” The Atlantic , 2018. Web.
Introduction There have been complaints about the side effect resulting from the use of some antiretroviral drugs by HIV positive patients. An anecdotal observation shows that, after some patients stopped using the speculated drugs, the patients viral count dropped thus improving life expectancy. This has compelled the healthcare experts to test the anecdotal observations. This essay explains the concerns that the team needs to consider while structuring their research protocol. This is meant to ensure the safety of the participants during the research. Concerns to be included in the research The project must put into consideration the informed consent practices. Informed consent practices will ensure that the patients understand the aim and objective of the research. The researchers should explain to patients the importance of the research, the aim of research, and the procedure that will be used in carrying out the research. Individuals should not be pressured so as to take part in the research. However, they should be encouraged to do it voluntarily. The researcher should explain to the patients the importance of volunteering in such research. It is ethical to respect the cultural traditions of the community in which the research will be done. This makes consultation with community members before carrying out the actual research vital (Marshall, 2). The research should be a double blind trial The profession needs to consider if the experiment will be free from bias. A health care research should be double blind so as to avoid a biased outcome. The outcome of the research should not be carried so as to benefit the individuals, but the entire community. The procedure to be used during the research should be designed in a way that will lead to minimal or no harm to the volunteers (Ashcroft, 6). Factors to consider for the result to be definitive There are various aspects that should be put into consideration for the outcome of the research to be definitive. For instance, the patient should participate voluntarily for this aspect to be realized. When people are forced to participate in such research, they may end up using other drugs instead of the drugs in question. This can lead to distorted information concerning the drug in question. In addition, the company that is involved in the manufacture of the drug should not participate in the research for it to be considered definitive. Participation of such companies can lead to the manipulation of the results to suit their own interest and not the interest of the society. In case of wrong conclusion being made about the drug, people will c
Introduction Tourism is a major economic activity for many countries across the globe. A country such as New Zealand has relied on tourism industry for economic growth. The concept of sustainable tourism development has expanded in the last 40 years following the increasing public awareness of environmental issues. Bhatia (2007), in his study suggested that sustainable tourism development refers to any form of tourist activity which is economically and socially equitable and acceptable, respects the environment and conserves cultural and natural resources. According to World Tourism Organization, sustainable tourism development is aimed at meeting the needs of visitors and the host countries and cities and at the same time furthering the future prospects (Smith, 2010, P. 2). Thus, sustainable tourism development should be economically viable and also protect the tourist resources i.e. cultural, historical and natural resources (Curtin, 2003, P. 2). Importance of adopting a Sustainable Tourism Planning Approach The following are the benefits of adopting a sustainable tourism planning approach. First, a tourism plan provides the criteria for measuring new tourism projects. With this regards, a tourism plan aims at defining the objectives, implementation procedures and policies for developing new tourism projects. A research that was done by Pearce & Butler (2002) suggested that a tourism plan plays an important role of developing new prospects within a planned framework. A tourism plan facilitates the development of new policy measures of supporting tourism organizations and improving their competitiveness. A tourism plan clearly explains the strategic themes and priorities for a country’s engagement in tourism. A tourism plan provides the tourism stakeholders such as tourists, companies, environment and the community with a sense of involvement and ownership. The stakeholders participate in the planning process because most of the decisions have implications on them (Hall & Kearsley, 2001, P. 273-294). Towards creating a sustainable tourism development Achieving a sustainable tourism development calls for an interactive process. It is important for tourism managers to assess the developments on a current basis in order to mark any significant changes. Indicators of Sustainable Tourism supply the tourism management team with required information for making decisions for sustainable tourism development (Fennell, 2008, P. 10). Indicators enable tourism management team to find out whether sustainable tourism has been achieved or not. They function as an early warning system to monitor economical and social changes over time thus preventing negative effects (Weaver& Oppermann, 2000, P. 354). The World Tourism Organization has proposed several Indicators of Sustainable Development that can be used by tourism management team in decision making. The indicators include site protection, stress and use intensity, social impact and development control, waste management, plan
It is crucial that all errors and omissions are addressed in accounting records; therefore, a special procedure exists to correct potential problematic entries. First of all, it is necessary to revise the financial statement from the previous period in order to determine that there was indeed an error. Next, it is crucial to analyze the impact of the error on the carrying assets amounts and liabilities of the company. Then, there can be two ways to address the existing error. The accountant can reverse the wrong entry, and they introduce a second entry containing the correct transaction (Weygandt et al., 2020). At the same time, the accountant also can make a journal entry which will fix the existing error if combined with the incorrect entry. For instance, a purchase of $20-wroth supplies can be credited as accounts receivable instead of accounts payable. In this case, the error can be rectified by crediting accounts payable for $20 and debiting accounts receivable for $20 in a single entry.
Introduction Al Qaeda ideological origins mainly take their root in the Sunnistic views. The key principle of these views state that the Muslim people should constantly struggle for their welfare, and be ready to die for the Muslim ideals and principles. The factors that forced Osama Bin Laden to attack the pride and dignity of the USA also take their origins in the Muslim visions of the world, and the fact, that the USA had self-appointed itself as the world policeman and aims to spread democracy by the means of the weapons. Al Qaeda This organization was created in Afghanistan, and was led by Osama bin Laden. Its main aim was to defend the Islamic ideals and principles, and not to permit the violation of the freedom of the Islamic nations. Nowadays, it is considered, that Al Qaeda is not a simple terroristic organization, but the whole ideology, that makes it much more dangerous. Currently, the structure, that was created in Afghanistan is destroyed. Bin Laden and his followers are dwelling in different countries, and some of them are arrested or killed. The Islamic extremism does not have the core, but the view, formed by Al Qaeda is spreading, and is getting stronger. This radical international ideology, supported by anti-American, anti-Zionist and anti-Semite views, is popular among people and groups, who do not have contacts with Osama bin Laden currently. They just follow his concept, models and methods. They act in the style of Al Qaeda, but they are not the members of this organization. The fact is that, the ideology of Al Qaeda is similar to the ideology of Jihad, consequently it is close to most Muslims, and supported by the widest stratums of Islamic population (Wright, p. 25). Aspects Actually, the principles and the ideological origins of Al Qaeda partly include the reasons that forced Osama bin laden to attack the USA. There are three aspects, that are generally emphasized when explaining the reasons of the attack. The first and the most essential is the wish to get rid of the political, cultural and economic influence of the United States. The origin of this aspect is clear, as Islamic region, previously highly developed culturally, economically and scientifically experiences significant western influence, as the USA aims to dictate to the whole world the American principles of life. Islamists, with Osama bin Laden are not going to bear it, and the 9/11 attack was planned to weaken the American potential, and violate the pride and dignity of the United States. Another aspect is the devotion to the Islamic traditions, that state: the offender should be punished. The conflict between the Islamic and Western civilizations was escalating since the XII century, but the peak was reached in the XX. The procla
Introduction Artificial intelligence basically refers to the intelligence that is created in the softwares or machines by mankind. Over the last three decades, the field of research on robots and softwares has resulted in an explosion of artificially intelligent machines. For instance, across the globe, there are machines that can think, read, and react within the confines of programs installed in them. The artificial intelligence is becoming a threat to the existence of humanity since these machines are slowly but steadily replacing the roles of mankind in all spheres of life (Sarriera 31). This analytical treatise attempts to explicitly review the negative effects that artificial intelligence brings to humanity. The analysis is based on the documentary called the Transcendent Man and other relevant academic sources. Scope of artificial intelligence The term attributed to artificially intelligent machine is a cyborg, or a contraction of a “cybernetic organism” with the original function of incorporating machines into human processes to gather, store, and transfer activities to make the functions more efficient and fast. In order to make the machines more effective in their functions, which include supplementing or augmenting human capabilities, whether physical or mental, such machines have “self-regulating system” called the artificial intelligence (Clark 21). Despite the numerous benefits to humanity, the overall threat supersedes these merits. Proponent of artificial intelligence In the documentary, Transcendent Man , the threats to humanity by an artificial intelligence is clearly presented. The main protagonist of artificial intelligence called Raymond Kurzweil, who is a transcendent computer scientist and engineer, is afraid of death, and wants to introduce artificial intelligence as a possible solution to his worries. Kurzweil confesses that “I don’t accept death” ( Transcendent Man, scene 2). It is basically the nature of mankind to avoid death by all means possible, even if it means using other forms of life protection (Toffoletti 22). Kurzweil, who is referred to as the “the rightful heir to Thomas Edison”, has tremendous and admirable achievements, especially his invention of reading machine for blind people. Most importantly, this documentary aims to introduce is his idea of singularity. Through this idea, Kurzweilportrays many fancy possibilities. For instance, he believes that the technology grows exponentially, so that “we are going to be a hybrid of biological and non-biological intelligence” and “there won’t be a clear between humans and machines” in the near future ( Transcendent Man, scene 3). Artificial intelligence will give us super intelligence and help human stop aging to become immortal. Across the documentary, Kurzweil is busy doing related researches and experiments
Introduction Presser & and Sandberg (2015) notes that interviews are data collection techniques widely used in criminology to collect both quantities and qualitative data. Usually, interviews are held on a one-on-one setting between the interviewer and the interviewee. In criminology, interviews are used as part of a qualitative research paradigm which is classified into three parts. The three classes’ broad category includes structured, semi-structured, and unstructured interviews constitute the broad category of interviews. Structured interviews are often administered verbally as questionnaires by writing down predetermined questions that are administered on the respondent. However, structured interviews do not possess the follow-up quality and further elaborations for the respondent. Structured interviews are often applied in criminology to clarify an issue from a respondent with low literacy skills. On the other hand, unstructured interviews are time-consuming data collection techniques that can be used to conduct an in-depth probe of the perceptions, feelings, and experiences of the respondent. Unstructured interviews lack the systematic component of observation on the respondent. Semi-structured interviews provide the interviewer with the flexibility to alter some questions to pursue a matter with the desired in-depth understanding. Numerous benefits such as the existence of positive rapport between the interviewer and the interviewee have been observed. This is because a respondent can express personal feelings, emotions, and attitudes towards an issue being interviewed on. It is easy to clarify issues and complex questions. However, the time-consuming technique is less reliable because it is difficult to trace exact questions besides being difficult to ensure the validity of data collected in this way. Hypothesis testing in a criminal case According to Vito and Maahs (2015), the second data collection technique is the questionnaire. Often used for collecting survey data, questionnaires can either be designed with closed-ended or open-ended questions. It is easy to code the questions, hand out, and use questionnaires for data collection and analysis. Typically, the frequency with which answers to questions occur can be analyzed to establish if an emerging trend can be observed. Besides, questionnaires need not be answered immediately, which enables the respondent
Introduction The current situation within the medical field experiences high expectations from the health practitioners on the use and utilization of information systems and technology within healthcare delivery. The field of nursing is experiencing demand on the use and application of informatics competencies which could enable nurses to perform their responsibilities and standards for their work. The application of informatics implies the incorporation of information technology in the process of direct healthcare provision, establishment of efficient administrative systems, management and education delivery as well as supporting nursing research (Murray & Maag, 2007). Informatics competencies within nursing vary depending on the level of practitioners. Beginning stage comprises of information management and computer literacy skills which includes the use of basic computer packages. Advanced nursing informatics on the other hand comprises of proficiency in information management and communication focusing on an individual’s area of specialization, this relates well to professional performance. There are several strategies which could be applied for on-line nursing education enabling network capability for nursing research and modern internet applications enabling rapid communication and transfer of services to broader internet community. The introduction of new technology has enabled healthcare students to think innovatively and creatively in the process of undertaking their duties on preparation of clinical records and assignments. Nursing informatics has also played important role in arming healthcare educators with a lot of information, since they learn from sophisticated millennial generation concerning social networking tools which holds lots of potential on learning (Sarassohn-Kahn, 2007). YouTube and Health 2.0 application The application of the device within nursing has brought a new way of handling health related issues. It has been proved to be less expensive, easily applicable and very reliable means for preparing educational materials for healthcare educators, nurses and physicians. The use of this device provides evidences on utilization of advanced technology amongst nurses for the purposes of effective communication, management of vital information as well as collaboration internationally. The use of health 2.0 also known as Web 2.0 provides educational and research tools potentially required for health and biomedical informatics (Sarassohn-Kahn, 2007). Web 2.0 applications comprise the use of blogs, podcasts, wikis, social networks as well as overall search engines.