ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Fashion is never static; it embodies popular trends that keep on changing depending on consumer tastes and preferences. Globalisation has had a big impact on the European fashion industry, as firms seek to expand to overseas markets in China, the US, and Japan, among others. Thus, competition in the fashion industry is intense, and companies have to implement effective business models, designs, and marketing strategies in order to remain competitive on the global stage. Unlike other fashion companies, Zara’s target market is wide. Its business strategy is unparalleled in the industry. Zara handles up to 40% of its production, which means that only a few operations are contracted out. This allows it to maintain a flexible inventory system and exercise effective control of its supply chains. The company regulates its production through sequence control, which allows it to create an ‘unsatisfied’ demand for its fashion products. It uses a vertical integration strategy to manage scarcity and production of its fashion items. It allows the firm to save time and reduce operating costs by minimising its distribution channels. Thus, compared to its competitors, Zara’s production and supply chains are shorter and more efficient (Gustafson, Schmiesing-Korff, and Ng Para. 4). As aforementioned, the firm produces and sells its items in small batches because of the vertical integration strategy. This allows it to adjust its production and supply chains to suit the current trends and tastes in a fast and efficient manner. The strategy also enables the company to manage its logistics, product design (style), and distribution. Thus, Zara’s competitiveness is attributable to its sequence control strategy. This study will focus on how Zara uses the sequence control strategy to manage its supply chains. Background of the Research Problem While Zara’s ‘unique’ shops used to be in Italy, nowadays, the firm has shops located in major cities in Europe, the Centre Eastern, and Japan. The organisation launched its first store in the Russian Federation on Aug 28, 2013. In 2012, Inditex reported complete product sales of € 15.9 Billion ($20.7 Billion dollars) (Loeb Para. 5). In comparison, in the same year, Zara recorded a 66% of the rise incomplete product sales, which translated to €10.5 Billion ($13.6 Billion dollars), and 120 shops worldwide (Loeb). Other, more compact, sections include Take & Keep, Massimo Dutti, Bershka, Stradivarius, Oysho, Zara Home, and Uterque. Zara targets particular groups of developers and product supervisors. They manage the style by seeking and manufacturing a specific catego
Introduction Creativity is an essential part of innovation. To put it more precisely, innovation often begins with creativity, and the lack of either will almost certainly lead to stagnation and poor performance (Serrat 2017). In the case of Grundfos, both creativity and innovation are supported by the working processes and implementations that are used in it. For example, the company uses the FISH suggestion scheme that supports the development and integration of innovative ideas provided by the company’s employees. All individual objectives are aligned with larger, more complex organizational objectives, which are supported by the strategic plan ( Case study Grundfos Pumps Ltd n.d). At the same time, the company’s strategic plan outlines all skills and competencies necessary for goal achievement, and employee training ensures that these are acquired by new employees during the learning process. Main body The presence of project improvement teams also indicates that Grundfos highly values innovation and creativity. Using these teams, employees can share their ideas with each other or provide them to the management, which does not only result in a more creative and innovation-based working process but also improves communication between leaders and followers ( Case study Grundfos Pumps Ltd n.d). FISH Suggestion scheme is yet another implementation that allows employees to contribute their ideas. All ideas are reviewed and either accepted or declined; if the idea is approved, the employee who shared it becomes the Project Leader of the Project Team ( Case study Grundfos Pumps Ltd n.d). Knowledge sharing also leads to improvement in interpersonal trust and implementation of knowledge management practices (Vij & Farooq 2014). The use of various technologies in different organizational processes (product development, stock management improvement, etc.) also results in more solid support for innovation and creativity in the organization. Leading with Vision, Inspiration, and Integrity As Vacar and Dumitrașcu (2012) state, leadership is a process of influencing employees’ activities in such a way that they can lead the organisation toward goal achievement. Effective leadership that places value on people, processes and technologies can be observed in Grundfos, where the organisational purpose of becoming a global player is supported both by leaders and their followers. At Grundfos, leaders are not only role models but also supporters of innovation integration, ethical approach, and knowledge sharing ( Case study Grundfos Pumps Ltd n.d). Before new Grundfos Values were integrated, organisational leaders reviewed GPL values every three years. Grundfos’ intranet INSITE is used to communicate these values. A strategic map developed by the company’s leaders and KPIs is used to track the progress toward established goals and objectives. Conclusion There is a talent development program in the G
Introduction This work seeks to provide a working report on the enunciation of a start-up car showroom with servicing and repair facilities in the country. There are many aspects, financial and non financial, to be considered and also to ensure that all activities are bound by the WBS in terms of cost and time frames. Description of the project The project deals with the report on the setting up of a car showroom; which is not a complex task, but the task that requires essential planning and extensive research before the setting of the showroom and after the idea generation about the showroom. The project report consists of the use of Microsoft project 2007, due to the extensive benefits provided by them in the car industry. The automobile industry is one of the most attractive and profit reaping industries in the current scenario, where there are much possibilities for growth. The project description in the setting up of the car showroom includes the scope in the setting of the showroom, the extensive reason for selecting such an industry, the benefits of the project by the setting up of the industry and the key benefits of the project by using the Microsoft tools. It also deals with the numerous deliverables in the showroom and how they have a positive effect in the business, the risks associated with the project and the various methods of analysis like event analysis, the diagrams that need to be incorporated for the allocation of the resources and the risk analysis which needs to be conducted. Introduction to the project: The car showrooms Any car is an expensive product that deals with the comfort of a family. Automobile industry is an increasing segment where they need a large range of the customers with diverse preferences. The car purchase has much effect on the sales environment and has many positive driven results in the society; the car showroom can be a well flourished one in the market when they have a wide range of customer services and customer relationships. Scope of the project As the start-up company, the scope has to relate much to the location, investment, infrastructure, brands and the quality in the customer services.” Car showrooms need to be located on highly visible sites with good access to main transport routes and an eye-catching frontage. Display of the car range is paramount and the layout and orientation of sites and display areas will have a major impact on sales” (Langdon). Various other attractions that make the car industry a success are, the cars have a very prominent role in the
Introduction A dream job can be defined as the desired occupation which responds to the requirements regarding the person’s career expectations. Those persons who change their jobs frequently are inclined to focus on finding the dream job where conditions and responsibilities can satisfy the person’s expectations in relation to the ideal or dream job. There are many aspects which are often discussed as influential to affect the person’s choice of this or that job. A dream job is often discussed as the perfect variant because a person receives the possibilities to have an appropriate compensation and benefits package, comfortable conditions for working with references to the positive working environment, and to refer to the relevant performance appraisal program which requirements are correlated with the job’s duties and expected outcomes of the work. The position of a human resource department manager at university can be considered as a dream job if the definite requirements to the compensation and benefits package and performance appraisal program are realized and followed by the administration. A Human Resource Department Manager at University: Job Description and Specifications My career interests and goals are closely associated with the spheres of management and education. From this perspective, a dream job should include the elements of both the spheres in order to provide me with the opportunity to develop my skills and abilities. A position of a human resource manager at university can be discussed as the most appropriate variant to respond to my interests and career expectations at this stage of the professional growth. A human resource manager in the education sector is responsible not only for performing the traditional duties of recruitment, managing employees, and developing training programs but also for completing the administrative tasks associated with the official education programs and policies because of the specifics of the industry (Baker & Doran, 2002). Thus, a human resource manager working in the definite department at university is expected to realize the selection process and recruitment of administrative workers and academic staff according to the principles of open or internal recruitment depending on the job position. The specifics of working with the employees are based on the necessity to provide the pre-service training, to rely on forecasting abilities according to changes in the sphere of education, to balance between tradition and modernization while developing programs for the staff and focusing on cooperation, to respond to the ethical principles and pay attention to the demographic questions while recruiting the staff (Price, 2007). It is important to state that a human resource manager at university performs with references to the management principles along with meeting the trends of the developed and reformed educational sector in
Introduction The past several years have seen human activity transform the world into a complex array of state-of-the-art cities. These cities serve as hubs in which many vital services are centralised to facilitate the conduction of business and other important human engagements, which are necessary for the overall welfare development. Currently, the population distribution in Australia is such that over 60% of the Australian population live in the five largest cities, viz. Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, and Adelaide (Betts 2010). This aspect implies that the pressure on resources is immense in these cities and the concerned authorities have to work round the clock to ensure that the Australian populace is provided with all fundamental services and amenities. For instance, in Melbourne, there has been a stinging need for a road network expansion in the past decade to ease the flow of traffic to and from the city’s hinterland. Several recently completed projects such as the CityLink, the Peninsula Link, and the EastLink have served well to abate this state of affairs, but there is still a need for a final link connecting the Eastern Freeway to the Western suburbs of Melbourne (Eddington 2008). This need necessitated the commissioning of the East West Link Project, which on top of linking the Eastern freeway to the Western suburbs of Melbourne, is aimed at easing the flow of traffic on West Gate Bridge (Eddington 2008). The East West Link project is currently in the planning stage and the construction of its initial phase, dubbed ‘Stage One’ is expected to commence in late 2014 (AAP 2013). This report explores the
Body image is a critical issue in the contemporary world, which has become particularly prominent due to the popularization of visual mass media. Online blogs, television, and films all provide examples of perfect female and male bodies. When real people compare themselves to these ideals, they experience dissatisfaction with their body that results in body image issues. Although women are perceived to be the primary victims of body image issues, men often suffer from them to the same degree. The ideals that trigger these issues are different for men and women. A perfect female body today is considered to be fit, with low body fat and a thin waist. To achieve this ideal, many women use unhealthy diets or fasting, as well as exhausting exercises. For men, the perfect body is just as difficult to achieve. Woods (2017) notes that the ideal male body image is inherently connected to society’s ideas of masculinity. Thus, men are expected to be muscular and have sharp facial features. Attempts to gain muscle lead some men to engage in exhausting training that damages their health, as well as use anabolic drugs to improve how their body looks. Body image issues are dangerous not only for physical well-being but for mental health, too. A study by Jones (2001) showed that body dissatisfaction leads to eating disorders, depression, and poor self-esteem, thus impacting other areas of a person’s life. Although my self-esteem is normal, comparing my body and face to those considered ideal by society causes unpleasant thoughts and makes me want to change the way I look. Contemporary movements, such as body positivity, aim to improve the diversity of images in mass media. This will likely result in the rejection of modern body ideals, preventing body dissatisfaction and improving people’s well-being.
According to Carnicelli, the main forces behind various landscapes are weathering, erosion, and deposition. The movement of soil, rocks, and mineral particles from one place to another is referred to as erosion (Carnicelli). Additionally, erosion is mainly influenced by environmental factors (Toy, Foster, and Renard, 25). On the other hand, deposition takes place when transported substances settle on the surface (Carnicelli). A deposition is mainly influenced by the characteristics of sediments and the velocity of transporting agents (Carnicelli). This paper describes the processes of erosion and deposition, and factors influencing these processes. Toy, Foster, and Renard reiterate that the most popular geomorphic process on the earth’s surface is erosion (25). Erosion occurs after rocks are broken down into smaller particles through a process called weathering (Carnicelli). Unlike weathering, erosion is characterized by the movement of rock particles.
Introduction Health Care Economics (HCE) is a branch of economic science focused on studying economic relations and laws, and their impact on meeting the population’s demand for health preservation and promotion. In particular, HCE is concerned with the cost-effectiveness of the production and use of healthcare services. Getzen (2013) believes that practitioners and patients can make better decisions on appropriate interventions by evaluating the inputs (costs) and outputs (sequences or outcomes). The healthcare economy’s goal is to meet the population’s need for medical care while achieving maximum effect at the lowest cost. Principles of HCE The healthcare economy is based on certain fundamental principles. For example, Listl et al. (2019) distinguish such as scarcity, choice, and opportunity cost. The scarcity implies that the resources available are insufficient to meet the needs of the population. For example, the number of physicians and their time per patient is limited for effective service delivery. For these reasons, it is necessary to choose ways and means of using resources. Opportunity cost, in this case, becomes an additional economic argument in favor of making a particular decision on the allocation of resources. There is a different view of the principles of health economics. Getzen (2013) describes these principles more broadly, including supply and demand, cost (benefits and cost-effectiveness analysis), and choices. At the same time, economic choices cover scarcity (limited goods or services), opportunity costs (value of other choice made), and willingness to pay. Willingness-to-pay (WTP) is the valuation of health benefits in monetary terms so that this can be used in a cost-benefit analysis. Why Do We Need HCE? Modern doctors should consider their work not only from a professional but also from an economic point of view, understand the financing of medicine, pricing issues, and other crucial aspects. Knowledge of economic laws in practical doctors’ work is needed, since, in market relations, they are sellers of medical services, choosing rational schemes for the examination and treatment of patients. Doctors should be able to assess the cost-effectiveness of their activities (Chen et al., 2016). Therefore, they must know the concepts of health economics and the need to train specialists in this field. When choices are made in alternative usages of resources, ethical decision-making is mandatory. Practitioners should include a budget in their decision-making process and decide if it is worthwhile spending extra money on a minor improvement in individual treatments, rather than spending on health benefits for the whole community. The overall costs of medical care are high and produce significant burdens for societies and governments. HCE does not necessarily entail cost reduction but rather is concerned with using resources more effectively (Machalaba et al., 2017). It also contributes to capacity development and more successful investment in the future. All of these factors can improve the delivery of
Introduction Honeybees being such small insects exhibit an astonishing level of intelligence. They are simple but their brains can learn and remember complex tasks (Zhang, Bock, Si, Tautz, & Srinivasan, 2005). They have a sharp memory to recall the previous locations of food, the scent, and the color where they can get the best nectar and pollen. Honeybees can even detect the time of day when they can get the best nectar or pollen. It has been found that these bees are quick to learn and remember complex tasks such as finding their way in a maze or learning how to group different types of visual objects (Wise, 2003). Honeybees can keep the memory of scents Honeybees can learn to discriminate between different scents and keep the memory of the correct scent for a long time. To do this they use the two antennae on their heads. The right antenna can recognize the correct scent after being exposed for a short time, say after an hour. The left antenna gives a significantly higher correct response after being exposed for a long time say a day (Anon, 2008). Honeybees can be able to sense the flower that provides the best nectar or pollen. For the foragers, the first three seconds on arrival to a flower are vital for memory formation. First, the flower color enters the short-term memory, and later it is converted to long-term memory. This long-term memory can be stored for more than six months but if the short-term memory is disturbed before it is converted to long-term memory, then that memory will not be retained (Reinhard, Srinivasan, Guez, & Zhang, 2004). Honeybees can locate food sources Honeybees can learn visual signs to direct them to a food source. Research has found that if honeybees are trained to a feeder with one scent at a given place, then they can be able to find their way back there if that scent is blown into the hive. If they are trained on two feeders with two different scents in different locations, when only one scent is blown to the hive then they can follow it to the feeder corresponding to that scent and not the other one. But it could be difficult for them to locate any of the feeders if a different scent is blown to the hive. This shows that the taste and scent of nectar help the honeybees navigate their way to that food source (Reinhard, et al 2004). Ability to find their way in a complex maze From research, it has been found that honeybees can learn difficult tasks such as learning to find their way through a maze. Honeybees have the capability of flying even in a complex maze by the use of a trail of dots that are colored. They are first trained to follow the colored dots on a part of the maze and afterward, they can use that cue to fly to the rest of the maze. Even after removing these dots, the honeybees can still find their way all around the maze (Zhang, Lehrer, & Srinivasan, 1999). Ability to learn Dance language Honeybees are capable of learning a language. Although the dance language is one of the most difficult languages in existence, honeybees are capable of learning it w