ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
It is evident that the Aids epidemic is a globally potential threat. This means that it is an epidemic of an infectious deadly disease, which threatens the lives of many people globally. In addition to this, Aids is also an epidemic of meanings or signification. This means that people often identify the epidemic with certain people, beliefs and occurrences. If medical practitioners and the public continue to see Aids as a transmissible disease only, then various meanings or signification will continually multiply (Treichler, 264). The issue of Aids as an epidemic of meanings is very crucial for its identification and management. These meanings or signification include cultural or racial difference, which is the main concern of this paper. The paper will argue that, Aids has meanings or signification in relation to cultural and racial difference. For instance, the epidemic is more prevalent in Black Americans as well as Haitians. In late 1986, the Center for Disease Control produced a list of the highly susceptible groups in relation to Aids infection. This list included the homosexuals, black immigrants and Heroin Addicts. This list revealed that being a particular kind of a person rather than practicing certain practices was a major factor in Aids infection. The implication here is that racial or cultural difference plays a significant role in susceptibility to Aids infection (Treichler, 217). Various studies have recorded that in the United States, the genetic difference between Native Americans and immigrants, especially black Americans, plays a significant role in the vulnerability of Aids infection. Some of these studies have revealed that Native Americans and other people of European origin have a tiny genetic mutation that renders their immune systems resistant to HIV infection. This then implies that people of the African origin and the Haitians are more susceptible to Aids infection since they do not have the genetic mutation. Other studies have offered the premise that the infection of Aids is not highly prevalent in females. Rather, these studies indicate that males are at higher risk of spreading the infection, especially the homosexuals. However, some exceptions are clear especially for women of African origin. Owing to their sexual practices and other internal factors, these women are highly susceptible to the Aids infection. This indicates that there is a connection between Aids infection and cultural or racial background (Treichler, 270). In addition to genetic difference and other internal factors, poverty also plays a significant role in offering significance to Aids epidemic in relation to racial differences. For instance, among African Americans and the Haitians, poverty depicts some unhealthy sexual patterns, which increase their susceptibility to Aids infection. Poverty often causes young people to lack good upbringing and quality education hence rendering them susceptible to drug abuse and unhealthy sexual behaviors. This does not however mean that young people who are not of African origin do n
Ghosn was a shrewd manager nurtured at Michelin and Renault. Notably, he had extensive proficiency in operations management. This made him the best candidate to reverse Nissan fortunes since the entity central was in operations. Consequently, Ghosn instituted measures aimed at streamlining the operations of the entity thus shielding Nissan from international fiscal risk. Ghosn began terminating the operations of certain plants. The closure of five depots reduced the entity cost extensively (Business week, 2004. This undertaking denotes the basic strategy utilized in streamlining an entity finances. This measure influenced constructively on Nissan’s stock. Investors interpreted the closure as a step towards prudent management that previously lacked. The prior management had a perception that Nissan could not fail despite the evident financial rot. Additionally, they displayed reluctance to undertake decisive action that would culminate in layoffs. Thus, the entity adopted a path that culminated in liquidity hurdles. Nonetheless, Ghosn adopted ruthless measures that barred the financial rot from spiralling to catastrophic levels. Nissan depended sizeably on the financial sector to finance considerable proportion of its core operations. As such, the entity has enormous liabilities. Debt represents one of the countless means that entities adopt in financing their operation. However, debt escalates an entity’s risk levels. Debt rendered Nissan’s stocks unattractive to investors hence, poor returns in the exchange market. Overall, Ghosn commenced a rethinking of Nissan overall financial strategy (Nissan-global, 2011). Japan automobile sector benefits from the weak yen comparative to other denominations like the Euro and the dollar. Ghosn distributes production in and out of Japan. Moreover, the entity began ordering sizeable quantity of its components from other states. This shrewd move allows the entity to utilize the cheaper option when there is instability in worth of key denominations. This means that Nissan switches to foreign production when the yen gains worth. Conversely, the entity boosts local production when the yen weaken. This represents a shrewd option of managing financial risk that fundamentally entails variation in a currency’s worth (Takahashi, 2011). Ghosn changed the product portfolio of the entity fundamentally subsequently redefining the philosophy. Nissan’s models generated minimal returns due to poor artisanship. This was unacceptable to Ghosn, an engineer and a keen logistician. Hence, Ghosn pioneered the development of model that embraced the fundamental requirements of the clientele and the environment. As such, Ghosn redefined the entity philosophy, which is the initial phase of risk management. Evidently, the entity identified the uncertainty in its revenue owing to the volatility of the legal tender. Evidently,
The issue under focus is the insufficient level of commitment of the nursing staff to the delivery of patient care services. The lack of motivation results in the perpetuating cycle of mistakes and negligence. In the best-case scenario, the clients are left unsatisfied with the quality of healthcare. In the worst case, the well-being of the patients is jeopardized, which may even result in a negative patient care outcome. The most effective way to resolve the commitment problem is to utilize the Six Sigma quality model. It is a strategic tool designed to ascertain and eliminate the causes of defects in the work process. At the core of the model lie five essential steps: define, measure, analyze, improve, and control (Chugani et al., 2017). The define phase involves identifying the needed result and the problem which prevents the achievement of the desired outcome. The measuring step encompasses the collection of critical-to-quality characteristics. Then, the root causes of the defects are analyzed. The next stage is comprised of the efforts directed at mitigating the causative factors. Finally, the control phase ensures the maintenance of the improvements. The first step in working with Six Sigma is defining the problem. When applied to nursing, the end result is patient satisfaction with nursing care. There are two primary factors that adversely affect the process – clinical incompetence and duty negligence (Karami et al., 2017). A nurse who does not have sufficient knowledge or is not able to perform their duties jeopardizes the clients’ well-being. At the same time, a nurse who neglects the clients’ perspective or does not respect their wishes is equally damaging because they harm the reputation of their healthcare organization. Both causes stem from the lack of commitment to the profession. Establishing the fact of commitment issues requires collecting data from anonymous online employee and patient questionnaires. Patients and nurses would be requested to answer a set of questions, targeting their satisfaction with job conditions, healthcare delivery, and the impression patient care makes on them. The more negative results are gathered, the stronger the argument that nursing staff has commitment issues. The second stage is the identification of critical-to-quality characteristics. As it should be evident from the previous assessment, accomplishing patient satisfaction requires competent personnel who are motivated to sharpen their skills while maintaining a welcoming and professional attitude towards the patients. Nursing competence manifests itself in the set of skills necessary for the execution of all clinical procedures (Bing-Jonsson et al., 2016). Attitude is expressed through respect for the patients’ needs and requests. Ultimately, professional enthusiasm and determination is the primary driving factor behind both these characteristics. The subsequent question is understanding why there are commitment issues among the nursing staff. The third phase is the analysis of the defects. There are three reasons for the lack of nursing commitment.
In 2018, the estimated population of the world is over seven billion people. According to the United Nations, more than half of the population resides in urban areas, making the problem of homelessness visible: cities cannot keep up with the high demand for housing, resulting in people living on the streets (United Nations, 2015). With the sustained population growth, homelessness has become an alarming issue, which could be solved only by carefully considering countless variables and options to move forward. Nelson Davidson (2017) provided a review of various ways data analysis is a critical factor in the national decision-making for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and other governmental entities. Understanding the population enabled HUD to target specific groups and help them with the best and most suitable resources available. HUD has been striving to improve its data collection and analytical methods to include more specifications in the characteristics of the homeless population to create effective projects that meet the need of each community. In the US, housing prices are relatively high and are rising faster than wages. According to the National Low Income Housing Coalition, to afford a modest one-bedroom rental home in Florida, one must work 84 hours a week on minimum wage (Out of reach 2018, 2018). As mentioned in the discussion, marginalized groups often face additional barriers to securing a place, resulting in their need for extra help and assistance. Local governments urgently need to implement new programs and financing opportunities to solve the lack of housing. The discussion and further research into the problem of homelessness as well as the increasing world population showed the complexity of the issue. Multiple agencies need to get involved to fully understand the problem and come up with the best solutions for it. With every year, the population continues to grow, so the world needs to act now.
Introduction This reflective essay is based on my progression in the past two months, where I have been undertaking a Foundation Degree in Health and Social Care. In this essay, I intend to cover many issues relating to this course. The discussion includes frequent assessments, the importance of coming together in groups, and talking about what I need to work on to improve my personal growth and development professionally. The reflection will also enable me to be a better practitioner by learning from my previous mistakes and bettering myself as a person. I will implement a consistent act in developing and growing efficiency and effectiveness within the context of what is considered a desirable practice. The concepts I have grasped will make me easily use the abilities I learned and implement the skills effectively related to my learning and training. Gibb’s Reflective Cycle has enabled me to break down the reflection with ease because of its systematic flow, which is easy to understand. The model is effective because it ensures every detail in the reflective essay is covered effectively (Adeani, Febriani, and yafryadin, 2020). Some of the areas I will reflect on include time management, assignment writing, referencing, critical thinking presentation, and module evaluation. More details on my development in specific areas are elaborated on in the sections below, as per Gibb’s Reflective Cycle throughout the paper. Description When the semester started, and I had my first module, I was buzzing and ready for the course. The introductory part was interesting, as everything seemed to be easy and encouraged me to set my mind ready for completing the next semester. This part was a great introduction to the course, as I learned that I would be handling more topics than I had expected. The professor was brilliant in all aspects. It was easy to note that he had simplified the work to enable everyone to understand the course concepts and ways of handling various topics. At some point, the professor taught about literature management, and that is when I learned the value of taking short notes as the lecture continued. I discovered that short notes are easy to go through and remember during any revisions. The lecturers/tutors provided various assignments during the course, including group work, which were very insightful. The different learning styles that the tutors have introduced are helpful, and I find them useful. Based on this knowledge, I can now choose the best approaches to studying per my learning style. Having specific learning styles is that it assists with proper time management. It is necessary to involve proper timing as I participate in group discussions and project management, and it will be proper to save time for the other aspects of my studies. The individual assignment was a bit easier than what I did to do for the group work; however, I enjoyed the group tasks even more. The group assignment made me ha acquire good presentation skills. Once one has enough knowledge on a topic, presenting it becomes
Last month I got an opportunity to attend Holy Trinity Oktoberfest that has been taking place in Georgia for several years. This annual cross-cultural event promoted by HT Lutheran Church gathered the representatives from different cultures and attracted the attention of a wide circle of the American society. The success of Holy Trinity Oktoberfest convinces of the importance of such cross-cultural events for the sharing of knowledge between people from different cultural communities. This time the activities on the Oktoberfest were out of the ordinary. I had a chance to try an authentic German food. Besides, all activities of the day were accompanied by the LIVE Polka music. Now I regret that I didn’t dare to dance in a tent. My parents, on the contrary, were brave enough to take part in the horseshoes tournament. It was my first experience of such cross-cultural event. I felt the German influence throughout the city during the whole day. Being one of the most recognized cultural events, Oktoberfest is a world-wide celebration of the German traditions within the multiply society. The tradition of its celebration began at 1810. It is obvious that through the years celebration got some additional characteristics. However, today Oktoberfest still has its own distinctive features such as German national music, dances, traditional clothes and historical uniform, food, beverages, bright parade, numerous park amusements and attractions for children. Thereby the people of all ages can take part in the celebration. If the cross-cultural event is organized well, it can provide a great chance for people from different communities to share their traditions and to learn more about the culture of other nationalities. Although it could be very informative to hear or to read about the difference between national traditions, participation in such event as Oktoberfest can give much more experience of the cooperation and cultural exchange within the multiplex American society. It is a chance to forget all prejudices and suspicions and to open your mind. It is a possibility to get new knowledge by participating in the activities. The example of Holy Trinity Oktoberfest can be used in a course work about the psychological solution of multicultural problems in the American society. The popularity of such researches indicates the understanding of importance of cross-cultural exchanges. While the government places cross-cultural programs into the school’s system, the organization of such events as Holy Trinity Oktoberfest could be much more effective for understanding of the future perspectives by children. The analysis of local culture and customs can demonstrate the perspectives and new ways of development of the American society. An understanding of cultural difference can help open new horizons. It could be useful for international business development in the prevention of cross-cultural conflicts. With the increasing of global trade the importance of cross-cultural understanding grows exceedingly fast. Such events can help reveal the problem of cultural depersonalization within the age of Gl
Businesses often need to implement new strategies to stay relevant to the ever-changing trends of markets and customers’ preferences. While creating a new plan may be easy for some managers, implementing it can become a problem. Stakeholders who do not believe that change is necessary and workers who are used to old processes and duties may create a barrier to successful change implementation. To eliminate this problem and organize the process of transition, change management usually employs two of the most popular approaches: Kotter’s eight stage process and Lewin’s change management model. Both methods are widely used by various businesses and supported by many scholars as practical and useful. This essay describes two models of change by Kotter and Lewin, compares their steps, and evaluates their impact on change resistance and implementation. Kotter’s Change Model The approach to change implementation presented by Kotter in his book Leading Change , published in 1996, suggests eight stages that can help any organization to introduce and generate change successfully (Pollack & Pollack, 2015). According to Pollack and Pollack (2015), these steps include the following actions:  1. Creating urgency – If the company is not motivated to implement changes, it will never achieve any substantial progress.  2. Finding a guiding group devoted to change – Strong leaders can make the implementation process quick and easy as they lead others forward.  3. Developing a vision and a strategic mission – The new goals should be easy to envision and measure to bring them to reality.  4. Communicating this vision to others – All participants should understand why change is required.  5. Empowering all workers to enable change – Inspiration and motivation play a significant role in the outcomes of change implementation.  6. Devising short-term goals – It can be hard to work towards achieving a distant big aim, so separating it into small steps can lead to a more rewarding experience.  7. Continuing to produce more change with persistence – Motivation should be maintained until the transition is fully finished to avoid reverting to old practices.  8. Establishing the changes as permanent parts of the culture – New processes should be anchored in the company’s practice to preserve all achievements. Lewin’s Change Model According to Cummings, Bridgman, and Brown (2016), Lewin’s approach to change consists of three steps, which follow the pattern of unfreezing, changing, and refreezing. The first step, called “unfreeze,” deals with overcoming resistanc
Introduction The modern world questions the accuracy of fingerprint identification as a method in criminology increasingly often. This doubt exists because the correctness of the data depends on many variables, including the professionalism of experts, quality of image, and the context in which they work (Dror & Cole, 2010; Vanderkolk, 2015). However, today, the fingerprint identification method is the most suitable, since various scientific studies and practical results confirm its effectiveness. Main body The public and criminologists have questions about the accuracy of the data obtained as a result of fingerprint analysis and suggest excluding this scientific method from legal proceedings. Saks and Koehler (2008) note, “No basis exists in theory or data for the core contention that every distinct object leaves its own unique set of markers that can be identified by a skilled forensic scientist” (p. 2018). Consequently, fingerprint matching may be random and imprecise. In addition, the accuracy of determining latent fingerprints is related to both the professionalism of experts and the context and motivation of his or her work; hence, the examiner cannot claim the absence of errors in the data (Dror & Cole, 2010; The United States Department of Justice, 2016). However, researches that question fingerprint identification are often refuted by other studies confirming their inaccuracy. Many studies that prove the advantages of fingerprint evidence are aimed at studying the methods of their identification. For example, Stevenage and Pitfield (2016) argue that ACE-V is reliable for the determination of accurate results. Moreover, fingerprint identification has been showing positive results for many years; otherwise, it would have been removed from practice. As noted by Kaye (2010), the zero possibility of inaccuracies is impossible for any science, but this does not make reasonable data inadmissible. In addition, fingerprint detection methods can be upgraded by modern technologies as they contribute to a more accurate and unbiased assessment of data. Thus, there is no need for the elimination of fingerprint evidence from legal proceedings, but it is necessary to improve methods of their identification. Conclusion In conclusion, the act of using fingerprint evidence in a trial is a necessary measure, since it is reliable and functioning. Although the possibility of making a mistake in this method exists, its effectiveness is confirmed by numerous uncovered crimes and arrested criminals during decades of its use. However, fingerprint identification methods should be investigated and improved more thoroughly to minimize the likelihood of errors.