ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Media undoubtedly plays one of the most important roles in formation of the public opinion on all social matters. The war does not leave any person indifferent. When nations are at war with each other, the tension is unavoidable. From one side, the role of the media is to present reliable and trustworthy information about the military activities. From the other side, journalists may not avoid personal opinion in comments. Public discourses on war are not deprived of personal, most likely, national bias. Every nation wants to believe that the other party of the conflict is guilty in the deaths of people. Journalists contribute to the creation of public opinion and, more important, may shape the attitude toward the enemy. Journalism mediates the war through propaganda, censorship, and ideology of objectivity. Dower’s Propaganda Propaganda is a tool used not only by journalists but also interested parties to shape the opinion of the public sector on war discourses. Why is it important to shape the opinion of people on war? The answer to this question is rather simple – public support for war is an essential element of political campaigns. The government needs to know that people support military intervention or armed conflicts. The will be no funding without public support, at least in democratic governments. Moreover, people should be confident that the decision to start or enter the war is a necessity. It is hardly possible to convince people in necessity of war without propaganda. John Dower in his book “War Without Mercy: Race and Power in the Pacific War” argues that propaganda is a widely used tool to shape the beliefs and attitudes of people toward the enemy. In the second chapter of the book, Dower provides an example of the documentaries titled Why We Fight , several films created with the aim to orient new soldiers on enemies (Japanese). Notably, one of the movies has not been released until late 1940s only because the government was not satisfied with the sympathetic attitude it gave to the Japanese people. In other words, the film did not pass the governmental censorship. The American government did not want its people to think of the Japanese enemies as “free thinking” (Dower, p. 19). Propaganda is always one-sided. Government uses media to present only one side of the argument, only one truth which is not always truth in essence. Moreover, propaganda is always actively exploited by both parties of the conflict. For example, Dower argues that Japanese used racial propaganda as well. According to Japanese propaganda, Americans were demonized. The special emphasis has been made on the historical oppression of African Americans and Natives. Thus, Japanese emphasized the bad moments of American history while Americans focused on the wrongdoings of the Japanese government.
Zoe Beloff can be discussed as both an artist and a filmmaker. Beloff’s Beyond (1995-1997) is an example of the interactive work in which the principle of using the moving images is combined with the idea of creating the virtual space where people can travel and explore new horizons ( Zoe Beloff: Beyond , n.d.). In this essay, it is important to discuss how Beyond utilizes integration, interactivity, immersion, narrativity, and hypermedia because Beloff unites several artistic forms in her work; she allows the involvement of the viewer in the process of selecting the scenario; the viewer becomes the part of the panoramic environment; the narrativity is achieved through different sources; hypermedia is used to produce the final result and effects. Hypermedia and integration can be viewed as the main features of multimedia when artists choose several tools in order to create their art object. In Beyond, Beloff focuses on combining photographs, moving pictures, speakers’ words, recordings, panoramic pictures, and videos in order to create the interactive environment in which a viewer can be involved as a participant or a traveler in the virtual reality, uniting the past and present times (Beloff, 2002, p. 290). While allowing a viewer to manipulate the space with the help of clicking the options presented as images and choosing routes, Beloff intensifies the experienced level of integration, and the unity of media can be felt more clearly. The level of the person’s involvement in the process also increases. Thus, in addition to hypermedia and interaction, Beloff also applies the ideas of interactivity and immersion in the work. Interactivity is accentuated in Beyond because Beloff discusses her work as an interactive film. The space created by Beloff provides a viewer with a lot of opportunities to act in it while transforming the path from the present to the past times. In its turn, the immersion is also achieved when a viewer can choose his own paths in the 360-degree space. Thus, Beloff creates not only the immersive environments but also the participatory spaces, as it is explained by Packer and Jordan (2002). According to Packer and Jordan (2002), integration, interactivity, immersion, narrativity, and hypermedia are closely connected; therefore, narrativity in the work is used to promote the integration, and it is achieved with the help of supporting the pictures with audio recordings that explain the evolution of the technological world (p. xxii). While combining the approaches and tools, Beloff achieves the unique effect on the viewer who feels the part of the dark, horrific, and intriguing space of Beyond . When the viewer watches Beyond, he can feel like wandering through many possible routes, uniting the present time with the past periods. Starting his journey, a viewer can choose any path to follow in order to explore the virtual world of Beyond. The panoramic pictures create the feeling of the full immersion. The music and sound effects create the atmosphere o
As it is known, each community might influence the healthcare industry in a certain way, according to the history, values, and resources of its people. The reason why this occurs in this certain way is that the culture of a community evolves into the achievements of its members, which are expressed in the material progress. Hence, such factors as the mindset of the population formed through its history are important. In the current essay, the community of Boston is viewed and assessed through multiple aspects, and guidelines for a strategy are analyzed. Before all, it is significant to analyze the resources in Boston at a local level. For example, in Greater Boston local community, there are such communal resources as assistance in housing, immigration, and legal services, childcare, mental health resources. Moreover, there are multiple private educational organizations and health facilities (Cambridge College, 2021). The political institutions influence these resources; precisely, the democratic party presides over them, as well as the economy of the city has its impact on the environment (Shade, n.d.). These facilities demonstrate the high development of the local communities since they prove that they can be almost entirely self-serving. Next, the resources on the local level can be compared to the resources on the regional level. Namely, the resources of Massachusetts (the region where Boston is situated) include financial, housing, and nutrition assistance, as well legal emergency childcare and mental health facilities (William James College, 2021). The regional resources are richer than the local ones due to the influence of the government, which tends to centralize the resources in the regional center. Thus, the city or economically advantageous neighborhoods can have more communal facilities than local communities. The healthcare policy of the state influences both the local resource of healthcare and regional ones. In the case of Massachusetts and Boston in particular, the Commission of Healthcare emphasizes the importance of innovation in the medical sphere. For example, digitalizing is considered a valuable strategy in the region (Massachusetts Technology Collaborative, 2018). As a result, this policy makes healthcare facilities more technologically equipped and suitable for the needs of society. The situation in the local community of Boston shows a rather ambiguous, but on closer examination, unpleasant picture. Most healthcare facilities are concentrated around just a few neighborhoods, which have a wealthier population than the rest of the city. For example, a study of the number of hospitals in the community during the COVID pandemic states that in the neighborhoods with high-income population contain more healthcare facilities. The rest of the community is forced to have a small number of hospitals (Boston University, 2020). This situation suggests that the healthcare resources in this community are differ
This article presents a significant research process with essential findings concerning the consistent prevalence of heroin among Puerto Ricans. The qualitative study integrates focus groups as the main procedure for gathering information. This research process reveals that Puerto Ricans suffering from substance abuse depict close similarities in their social backgrounds (Senreich, 2018). Aspects such as unemployment, discrimination, and denial of opportunities in public institutions result in persistently high rates of heroin use. The findings obtained from the focus groups can be helpful in evidence-based practice (EBP) among social workers (Cano, 2020). For instance, the knowledge acquired can help implement practical solutions against the vice among identified victims. In this case, social workers’ knowledge concerning diagnosis and treatment improves, indicating competence among social workers (Senreich, 2018). Most importantly, the article’s integration in EBP is critical for controlling negative social attributes that contribute to the high prevalence of substance abuse among Puerto Ricans. Several benefits exist from using the qualitative method identified in the article. The researcher’s purpose was to identify the causes of the prevalent use of heroin among a selected group of participants. The researchers save costs and time by implementing effective data gathering approaches (Senreich, 2018). In this case, the article integrated focus groups, including Puerto Ricans engaging in substance abuse and counselors. Participants and research officials engaged informal meetings aimed at identifying inherent reasons supporting substance abuse among minority populations (Cano, 2020). A qualitative method is also beneficial as it is flexible and open-ended. It implies that the procedure used to collect, analyze, and interpret data can present significant findings not expected (Senreich, 2018). In this case, the data gathering process allowed the researchers to integrate attitudes and behavioral attributes contributing to substance abuse among Puerto Ricans. An objective research study integrates both qualitative and quantitative methods for accurate and relevant findings. In this article, a quantitative approach would have complemented the qualitative method used in identifying high rates of heroin use among Puerto Ricans. For instance, identifying the affected category of the population using the drugs would help develop practical conclusions and recommendations (Senreich, 2018). The article notes that most substance abusers are dropout teenagers and young adults facing unemployment, discrimination, and systemic marginalization. Additionally, qualitative data regarding the total number of individuals engaging in heroin use would help develop social solutions to immoral practices (Cano, 2020). For instance, educational initiatives intended to improve access to academic institutions by minorities would require numerical statistics (Senreich, 2018). Most importantly, the quantitative approach
Executive Summary ARAMCO has been known as a very successful company operating in the oil industry for quite long. The company has been exploring new opportunities in obtaining crude oil that will help reduce the negative impact on the environment and at the same time, allow using the resources available to the maximum capacity. ARAMCO has been putting a very strong emphasis on the significance of its innovations as the primary tool for promoting the further growth of the organisation. The emphasis on innovation as the corporate philosophy and the key principle that the firm’s operations and decisions are based on has created premises for progress in the identified organizational setting. As a result, the creative thought of its members has been encouraged extensively, which has led to a string of discoveries and innovative solutions in the designated realm. The firm should be credited for maintaining the pace of its innovation process high. Delivering outstanding performance, ARAMCO has been engaging in the promotion of innovations across the company. The blend of innovation and ethics that the firm has been promoting as the current tendency in its operations should be viewed as the primary course of its further evolution. When evaluating the significance of innovation as the foundation for the company’s choices, including the operational processes and the overall development, one must mention resbots as the crowning achievement of the firm. The design of resbots is the pivotal point in the company’s progress, showcasing the company’s ability to produce innovative solutions. To date, the use of nano-agents as the means of exploring the properties of oil deposits and locating the means of obtaining oil from there remains the most efficient tool. More importantly, the creation of the nano-agents mentioned above has prompted a range of other solutions including nanotechnology that will help improve the overall quality of the end product and at the same time maintain the firm’s integrity by reducing the harm done to nature and people living in the vicinity. Introduction Saudi Arabia ARAMCO not only tops the charts of Saudi Arabia’s leading organizations in the oil industry but also is one of the world’s top successful companies. The organization has been operating in the environment of the global market since 1933 and has gained a reputation of the company that promotes technological innovation as the foundational tool for attaining high-quality rates (ARAMCO, 2016a). With a very tight focus on the search for innovative solutions, ARAMCO has been credited as one of the leading organizations in the oil industry. Its research has made it possible for the company to identify the engineering choices that allow meeting the needs of all stakeholders involved, including its customers, shareholders, the general audience, the state government, environmentalists, etc. Therefore, by focusing on the nature of the firm’s innovations, in general, and its engineering breakthrough, in particular, one will be able to identify the pattern of its progress. The outcomes of the analysis will inform one about the means of staying
Quality Representatives What is meant by “Responsibilities and authorities”? The term responsibilities refer to a set of well-defined tasks assigned to individuals within an organization. In every organization, the roles for each individual must be clearly defined in order to ensure transparency and effectiveness in the organizational functions. The term authorities refer to individuals within an organization, charged with administrative responsibilities and have the power to direct and run the organizational activities (Tricker, 2005). In many organizations, leaders are given responsibility for specific tasks and are expected to deliver certain results. The manager may delegate a particular responsibility to the supervisor. This means that a portion of the manger’s work may be performed by the supervisor while the manager maintains the ultimate responsibility for the delegated tasks. When employees take over jobs, they are given authority to carry out their responsibilities. Should there be a representative for quality in the business? Every business requires quality control representative. The representative oversees quality control procedures and ensures maximum performance in the quality control department. This ensures that the organization remains highly competitive and maintains the highest product and service standards that satisfy customer requirements with minimum operational expenditure. It is the duty of the quality representative to inform the organization about the quality specifications, achievements and quality procedures. The total quality control management is a complete approach to employee participation in the production process. It emphasizes on significant efforts to orient all the organizational operations in order to reliably deliver quality products and services that satisfy and exceed customer demands. Involving the employees in the efforts toward ensuring quality production increases the probability of sustaining quality results (Tricker, 2005). What is a management review? Management review is the process by which the top organizational administration evaluates the efficiency of a given system and analyses the organizational performance with the aim of facilitating improvements within the organization. Management review is one of the essential aspects of the organizational management system. The review analyzes the informati
Strategic communication possesses certain interests for the researchers as an understanding of the models applied by successful companies and individuals helps to better study the factors making the exchange of information more effective (Coombs, 2015). In their study, Waters and Lemanski (2011) discuss preferred styles of communication applied by creators of websites of non-profit organizations and corporations working in the United States. The experiment conducted by the authors was aimed at comparing the ways of communication used by randomly chosen companies. Although the research is consistent and its results are credible, the authors do not explain the reasons why companies prefer using a one-way communication model. To begin with, the use of the findings reported by other researchers is extremely important for the study as inappropriate sources can decrease the credibility of its results and make it inconsequent (Lin, Horng, & Anderson, 2014). Speaking about the review of literature conducted by the authors of the discussed article, it is necessary to say that they seem to have taken into consideration the most important information connected to the nature of web communication. Using previous findings, they reveal the key components of communication on the Internet, the nature of interactivity, a variety of modern approaches to studying online communication and public relations. In the end, their review seems to be useful not only as a part of the research but also as a self-consistent source for future researchers. Furthermore, it is important to define whether the study conducted by the authors was designed in an effective way of helping to make an important conclusion. Within the frame of the research, the authors have analyzed more than three hundred websites to find out which communication models were used by organizations more often. After a thorough content analysis and a series of calculations that seem to be quite accurate, the authors concluded that a one-way communication model was applied more often and many companies were not using the specific elements helping to make the site interactive. Although the results are quite consistent, the authors cannot clearly define the reasons why this very model has turned out to be more popular and it may be regarded as one of the possible weaknesses of the research. To continue, evaluating the article, it is essential to consider the question of practical relevance and further development of the research as it remains the primary factor allowing to extend the current knowledge in the field (Toffel, 2016). Speaking about future studies that may be conducted with the use of their research, the authors claim that it can be important to analyze the information connected to communication strategies used by other types of organizations such as universities and compare it to the data reported in the discussed article. In their opinion,
The rhetorical situations in the Experiences and Goals Letter Writing and communication are two different distinctions. Writing for most part is intended to communicate a meaning. As such a person has to be aware that the goal of writing a text is to communicate and not to merely write thereby choosing the appropriate writing skills. Flowers and Hayes argue that writing has to have the right diction, sentences structure as well as grammatical design (3). The purpose of writing to persuade, influence, inform and therefore appropriate diction has to be used (3). Furthermore the choices made in the style as well as the diction are well determined by a writer’s relationship with the speaker, the content subject and also the intended audience. Writing is for the purpose of communication and thus becomes a deliberate act of making linguistic choices (4). This means that writer must be aware of the rhetorical situations that do exist in writing. This includes determining the purpose of writing as well as the intended readers. Another rhetorical situations that there are some people, who may want to read a document even though it was not intended for them to read these too become part of the audience. Traditional workplace writing involved learning the template and format and thus reproducing that front when required to write. However modern writing requires that that the writer acknowledges the communicative aspect of the content thus writing in such a clear way for the audience and the readers to understand (5). The writer must be aware what kind of a reader is the writing expected to be addressed to as well as the other unintended audience who may read that paper. Therefore goal setting in writing becomes a prerequisite to this activity. The write must have in mind the information the reader is expected to find in that piece of writing, how the reader relates to that information and how well that information is presented. Thus the written document has to be formatted in a very simple design easy to follow, with clear page numbers and/or headers and footers. The documents undertandability is reinforced buy the inclusion of an appendix. In my writing of a memo of transmittal I had a problems understanding the rhetorical awareness of such piece of writing. I made the usual common mistakes that most memo writers make: summarising the content. Furthermore I did not take time to analyse the kind of audience my memo was intended to and as such didn’t take time to choose the most effective way to write this document so as to clearly communicate what I intended to. In writing this memo I also assumed what I learned in class as important for this kind of writing. These rhetorical assumptions were also replicated in writing cover letters for position