ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Background William Edwards Deming is the author of fourteen key management principles or points that form the foundation of his economic theory. The third of the fourteen points describes how quality can be achieved and maintained in a business setting. At this point, Deming argues that businesses should not rely on quality checks to achieve consistent levels of quality. The economist implies that inspections are not the most efficient way to achieve quality. Deming claims that quality can be built into the product, thus eliminating the need for massive quality checks. This point highlights the need to consider improving manufacturing processes to achieve quality, rather than simply sorting the output. Using inspections to achieve quality is, obviously, less desirable from the economical standpoint, since it increases waste and requires additional financial and human resources. At the same time, once manufacturing processes are perfected, there is no need to allocate large amounts of financial and human resources for quality checks. This fact is the result of the fact that products are built with quality in mind. If Deming’s point is interpreted more broadly, it can be applied virtually to any kind of business activity. For example, integrating quality policies into customer service will reduce the need to gather customer feedback to achieve quality service. It can be interpreted as the need to consider organizational factors and their influence on the quality of product or service. Current Condition Costco Wholesale Corporation is a membership-only warehouse chain that sells a variety of goods to its club members and their guests. It can be argued that Dr. Deming’s point was not fully adopted by the company’s management. Costco does employ a variety of quality control efforts to ensure that Costco products are of high quality. However, these efforts are mainly focused on quality checks, such as checking measurements, product-to-product ratio, etc. For safety reasons, quality inspection cannot be fully excluded in the case of Costco since Costco stores sell food in addition to other merchandise. However, there are reports online which suggest that Costco relies on massive inspections to achieve quality in non-food consumer goods. For example, experts note that Costco quality inspections of its number one selling product, toilet paper, are so extensive they seem obsessive. Target Condition The Costco should focus on finding responsible suppliers who provide high-quality goods, rather than rely on massive inspections to sort out low-quality merchandise. For those products which are ma
Business overview, entrepreneur’s background and characteristics Local House business was started by James Brown and his friends in Dubai in 2004. James Brown had good catering skills since he had specialized in preparing foreign foods. He started as a sole proprietor, and his main reason that allowed him to venture into this business was his good cooking skills that he wanted to exploit. His friends and relatives always enjoyed a foreign meal prepared by him and had previously encouraged him to try running a restaurant that would have specialized in foreign foods. James used his good social relations to build a positive image of the restaurant in order to attract customers. His friends and relatives also helped him place adverts in the media which increased the popularity of the restaurant. He began by cooking and selling Mendi, a common foreign food, enjoyed by both the Dubai residents and the tourists. James later introduced more foreign foods as his customers wanted to try something new, every time they visited the restaurant. He started with a capital of 80,000 Dirhams raised from his savings and donations from friends. James used the capital to pay rent and buy the necessary kitchen utensils. He decided to hire one person who was to help him serve the food while he was cooking. The remaining amount was used to obtain the supplies for cooking Mendi. His friends later joined him and contributed more capital to the business development, which enabled them to expand the restaurant. They also opened more branches in other towns that most tourists visited. James had developed good relations with his suppliers which allowed him to get supplies on credit with long grace periods. He also treated his employees with professionalism and further encouraged his partners to treat the new workers who were stationed at their branches with professional ethics. This contributed to good relationships between the stakeholders and the workers as they were ready to work for more hours and give good services to the clients. This is one of the reasons the business had a wide market share and thus attracted customer loyalty. The business also received funding from financial institutions due to its good reputation and great performance. The loans advanced to the business were of low interest rates and allowable long payback periods. This boosted the business further as the funds were used to incorporate more foreign foods in their menu and increase the workers’ wages. Entrepreneurial process James had gone through the four stages outlined and explained below before his friends joined him. Identify and evaluate the opportunity James Brown is innovative and goal-oriented since he realizes most of the opportunities that come on his way and is able to focus on them. His major aim in life is to exploit his catering skills and make a fortune out of it. Whenever his friends and relatives visited him, he cooked foreign foods for the
Executive Summary In current competitive service industry, companies are facing a challenge developing, managing, and retaining quality effective managers. The competitiveness that has been enjoyed by SUNNY in Chinese market can be attributed by its effective human resources management as well as favorable working condition; however, the industry in general is facing an increased job-hopping by effective managers. To solve the challenge, SUNNY Optical need to enact effective talent management strategies that will enable the company nurture, develop, tap, and utilize their human resources talents and intellectual property. For an effective strategy, there is need for collaboration between the top management, line managers, and junior staffs. Case background Business management scholars have agreed that there is always a room for improvement in an organization despite how well its operations seem to be: there are different approaches leading an organization to improve performance, most of the approaches depend on the skills and knowledge of human capital in an organization. SUNNY as an international optical retailing company is doing well in the global scenes; it has high value for its employees and spends substantial amounts of its income to motivate, develop, and retain its human resources. However, in current competitive business environment, the company is facing a challenge retaining its effective and quality managers as they are job-hopping in search for better employers with wages as the main motivator for the job-hopping. The new life employment policy has also added some pain to the company as it’s a challenge to develop, maintain, poach, and retain quality managers. Despite the challenges SUNNY leaders have some strategic management approaches that it can adopt to ensure that the company remains competitive amidst the challenges it is facing as well as reduce the rate of influence of the challenges (Farrell and Grant, 2005). This paper analyses the problem facing SUNNY Optical in China and give recommendations on strategies that John Wu, the company’s president, would pioneer for a competitive business. Problem analysis The problem facing SUNNY Optical is not unique to the company however, it is experienced across the service industry; the main cause of the problem is deficiency in quality service managers and poaching as well as job-hopping among the existing quality managers. The development of new life employment policy has impacted the industry as it has the likelihood of reducing motivation and individual efforts among employees of a certain employer. The main issue that John Wu is wondering about is how the company will be able to have new strategies that will guarantee that in the future, the company will have quality manager and leaders; he is wondering this despite there being a number of qualified graduates with some working experience how
Claude McKay was a poet of Jamaican descent who took one of the leading roles in the Harlem Renaissance. The author of The Harlem dancer delves into the character of a nightclub dancer, focusing on the girl’s feelings. The poet characterizes the performer’s face as “falsely-smiling” in the final lines and claims that “her self was not in that strange place” (McKay, 1922b, line 13). Thus, this indicates that the dancer wanted to be somewhere else and that her performance is just her work. The last part of The lynching McKay portrays the morning following the execution when “mixed crowds” arrive to see the murder scene (McKay, 1922a, line 9). McKay concludes by depicting the children, describing them as fiendish, implying that the act serves as an initiation process that would assure the continuation of hanging for generations to follow. As for the comparison of Claude McKay with other poets, Langston Hughes is by far McKay’s opposite. The difference between the two poets is not only the writing style but also the messages both convey. Claude McKay’s sonnets are confused about one’s identity and aggression towards societal issues. For example, it can be seen from the above-mentioned poems. On the other hand, Langston Hughes, in his verse The Negro speaks of rivers , encompasses the essence of his race, its nature, stating that his “soul ha
Conventionally, beauty is a phrase, which the society associates with femininity, age and tenderness. In the American culture, the ideal beauty relates with youthfulness, physical appearance and delicacy. Almost everybody struggles to appear young. In her masterpiece, the cute factor, Natalie anger identifies features or qualities of cuteness versus beauty. She associates beauty with tender age, life success, victory, and public admiration. However, the perception on cuteness lies in the human mind. On the other hand, the culture relates cuteness with complementation, youthfulness and attractiveness, a tradition with which the Americans struggle to keep in pace. People equate beauty to body elegance and perfection while cuteness relates to clothing, styles and personal presentation. Angier also describes beauty and cuteness in relation to the American society. Natalie gives a distinction of beauty and cuteness through description of elegant features of young ones in the animal kingdom. According to Angier, the presentation of cuteness is always uniform, common and prone to alteration or change. It is natural for the human mind to note or describe somebody or something as cute. Authentically, anything that is appellant to the eyes qualifies as cute. However, as a complement, it can be either positive or negative. Scientists relate cuteness to enhancement in survival rate especially when it comes to young ones. Naturally, if the babies could be ugly, then their parents could automatically desert them. Thus, the reason why cuteness is a definition related to a baby, puppy or cub among others. However, a cute person, child or young one may not necessarily be beautiful. Beauty is permanent. However, it is rare to find because of the distinct process it entails. Something might appear cute. Nevertheless, on the contrary, it is ugly. Angier correlates beauty with personality rather than elegance and physical attributes. People struggle to become cute, fashion industries in the contemporary times make items that can make women cute and attractive to boost their business. While cuteness is prone to deformation by nature and the surrounding environment, beauty remains permanent. More over, beauty is maturity, tough and economical. On the contrary, cuteness is soft, immaturity, extravagant and impulsive in nature. For instance, a person may spend a lot of money to undergo cosmetic surgery. Some buy cosmetic products like facial powders, creams or fashionable clothes at high prices. However, due to the contentment of a beautiful person he or she may never invest her money in beauty products. Personally, I agree with Natalie’s description of beauty as a natural being without much transformation but have a high level of admiration. In the contemporary society, a cute person pass as sexually attractive because of the body accessories an individual may wear. They lack contentment and thus, the reason why they seek public opinion on their
The death penalty is synonymously known as capital punishment or execution. This two word phrase deals with the killing of a person due to his/her criminal record, where we believe tit for tat. This is the best solution for a person to realize what he has done to the other person. This is the best way to give lessons to others so that they don’t commit such crimes. The greatest fear is the fear of death for all humans on earth. Criminals perform such acts for the greed of money, for their desires and desperations. They should learn a lesson: everything on earth has a result, if they do good they will get good and if they do not perform according to the law they will be punished accordingly. This paper will make a clear understanding of what I believe and why there is a need for such punishments. We will first start with what the others claim against this particular act. Then we will be into actions with my point of arguments for your crystal clear understanding. Many of the people who are not in favor of such an act believe that hanging a person till death is not the only solution, so I say question them “what could be the other solution then?” They answered that; there are many others like; life imprisonment; which is a life time torture and pain for the criminal. This could be more disastrous if the judiciary does not allow him to meet his family and friends. I believe that life imprisonment will never work for such a criminal who has no feelings for the person he murdered; life imprisonment along with torture will leave some sort of satisfaction with the criminal that he is still save in the prison. The fear of death plays with the psychology of the criminal in such a way that he becomes mindful before performing such a hazardous act and thinks twice. There is a possibility that many potential criminals may stop themselves when they actually realize the after effects of their deaths. (Haag, 1986) The other argument is the “Utilitarian Rule” which means the greatest number is good for the greatest number of people. We can apply this rule in this situation in such a way that, keeping a criminal alive can also act as a catalyst for the other criminals, this can prove to be more dangerous and highly aggressive results could come in the future. We should not keep such a dangerous person alive in order to spread the crime, many or the people who disagree say, that there are people who feel guilty and sorry for the mistake they have made and we should forgive them and give them a chance to live. Well, my fellow friends, it’s only about how you take a certain thing, live and death is not a joke, nobody is that immature (except an insane person) who would kill somebody and then say that it was just a joke and I had no idea that he will die, and now I am guilty. Killing somebody, murderers are strictly prohibited in most of the religions. (Young, 1992) Deuteronomy has mentioned eye for eye, hand for hand, nose for nose and similarly life for life. Islam has also shed its similar teachings to all the Muslims
Introduction There were more than 1 100 000 adults with the diagnosis of HIV/AIDS at the end of 2015. The virus has been spreading among homosexuals within the past four decades. The following paper is intended to develop a group policy regarding the issue of HIV/AIDS transmission. Problems Involved in the HIV/AIDS Issue Area Unfortunately, the human immunodeficiency virus has been spreading among American citizens rapidly within the last forty years (Reif et al., 2013). This infection is essential to address and discuss because it has to be treated immediately to prevent such unfortunate outcomes as lethality and possible damages to people’s immune systems. The primary issues related to HIV transmission are the following:   * A high risk of infection   * Limited access to treatment   * The virus’s rapid growth and transmission   * A tremendous number of people born with the virus   * Lack of awareness of infection. Magnitudes of the Problems It would be proper to mention that homosexuals and people who maintain unsafe sexuality remain at the highest risk of being infected with HIV/AIDS (Caldwell & Mathews, 2016). Fortunately, the number of annually infected people in the USA decreases (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017). Hence, 18 160 patients were diagnosed with AIDS in 2016. Nowadays, there are approximately 1 230 000 individuals living with the discussed virus (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017). As the government provides American citizens with free medicaments intended to lower the risk of lethality, the virus’s impact on people’s lives is not as adverse as several decades ago. Nowadays, infected patients might live for more than 60 years. Solutions to the Problem The list below is a plan that is intended to enumerate and consider possible solutions to the problem of HIV/AIDS rapid transmission:   * Offer people to undergo an HIV/AIDS test every six months (the virus’s incubation period) (Rayment et al., 2013).   * Provide immediate treatment to the patients with positive HIV test results. This might reduce the risk of the virus’s transmission in one’s blood.   * Provide psychological help to individuals who might be at risk of being infected. Policy Objectives A sound policy objective to prevent the spreading of HIV/AIDS among adults implies the provision of free condoms to homosexuals. Also, it would be proper to popularize official statistics of infected patients among children for them to assess the problem wisely. The political viability of these suggestions requires financial support. However, the means that the country might spend on these measures are not as expensive as medicaments provided to infected people. Potential unintended consequences of the objectives mentioned above include the society’s neglect of contraception means. Questions for Reflection The most difficult part of this exercise was to think of various solutions as many scholars have already done everything possible to prevent the discussed issues. The most helpful criteria in considering my policy objectives were the possible outcomes that patients might meet due to the problem of HIV/AIDS transmission. The
Introduction Terrorism is an old evil that dates back to when human beings started to live in communities. The vice has however increased over the last century and especially over the last few decades. Countries and individuals at risk have instituted counterterrorism measures, with the various security organs being involved in massive projects to prevent terrorism both internationally and locally. With the United States and its citizens being the prime targets of terrorist bodies and outfits, the federal government has invested heavily on counterterrorism measures through the strengthening of its security bodies. The use of technology has kept the war on terror going, with various technological installations being used to predict and fight terrorism before it occurs. Some of the organizations mandated with ensuring the security for the American citizens and interests abroad include the National Security Agency (NSA) and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). These bodies have put various technological measures in place. In this paper, a comparison of the two security organizations is made based on their respective utilization of technology in the war on terror. War on Terrorism Terrorism has led to the death of many civilians. It constitutes one of the greatest risks to security after the end of the cold war. Several countries have experienced terrorist activities, with the United States being hit hard in 2001 after terrorists used hijacked planes to carry out suicide attacks on the pentagon and the twin towers (Kramer, 2009). The United States has responded by instituting measures that are aimed at preventing such attacks, with one of these being the use of security agencies in places such as the CIA and the NSA (Latham, 2003). However, some measures allow terrorists to be ahead of the security agencies including the technologically improved communication. The CIA and the NSA have had a significant success in the fight against terrorism, with some of the acts of terror being thwarted before they occur. The United States’ federal government has engaged in war with several countries such as Iraq and Afghanistan, with the main aim being to smoke out the remaining terrorists and/or close their operating bases (Kramer, 2009). Currently, the war is being fought on the internet and other technological fronts, with the terrorists, also being equipped for this battle. Has the CIA failed to counter-terrorism and lagged in the use of technology to fight terrorism? Is the NSA technologically equipped to use technology in the war on terrorism? Which of the two organizations has had more success in the utilization of technology in the war on terrorism? These comprise the questions that this paper will answer. The Central Intelligence Agency The Central Intelligence Agency was created with the mandate of providing intelligence to the federal government on foreign governments. It was also mandated with the analysis of this gathered intelligence. With authorization from the federal government, the carryin
Introduction Public health is the basis of a nation’s sustainable development. It was indicated by the World Health Organization (WHO) which believed “health promotion is a key investment” (1997). It is a significant resource to have good health, which enables individuals for social, personal, and economic development (WHO, 1986). Healthy People initiative sets 10-year country-wide objectives for enhancing the health of all Americans and to address the current challenges in public health and provide support on various matters in the context of health issues, (Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 2014). It is a national priority to assure a healthy living for all citizens. Healthy People 2020 Healthy People has been functioning for over three decades now. It has been measuring progress to encourage and educate individuals to make right health decisions, motivate communities and sectors to collaborate, and assess the benefits of prevention activities (Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 2014). Healthy People 2020 is the continuation of this tradition of 10-year goals. It started in 2010, with attempts to set national priorities on health improvement, provide sufficient information on the determinants of health, diseases, and disabilities, and unite separate sectors to promote relevant policies. Healthy People initiative has an official website, healthypeople.gov, with an abundance of resources on current issues, current objectives, and future vision. It is a Federal Government website and is managed by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) (HHS, 2018). This resource is updated regularly to reflect the progress and to provide information on future objectives that are going to be part of Healthy People 2030. Leading Health Indicators Leading Health Indicators (LHIs) is a smaller, yet with highest priorities, set of objectives of Healthy People 2020. LHIs co