ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of the Level of Violence against the Women by Their Male Partners in the Common Law Unions and the Marital Unions Cohabitation has been shown to be on the rise in many countries around the world. Issues such as unemployment, youth, and past unions, low levels of education, and violence by previous partners have been found to be the possible predisposing factors to cohabitation. One of the major outcomes of the increasing pervasiveness of cohabitation is the increasing number of cases of violence in such relationships. In the study, it was shown that between the years 1991- 2000 (Brownridge,2008), the number of intimate femicide cases in cohabitation or common-law unions was about six times that in marriages, in the United States it was about nine times in the common law relationships as in the marriages (Brownridge,2008). The study employed data collected from Canada’s Violence against Women Survey (VAWS). Some data was borrowed too from the survey done by the General Social Survey (GSS) (Brownridge, 2008). One would expect an increase in the number of violence incidences in the common law relationships due to the high rate at which such unions are being established in several communities. Amazingly, the cases of violence in such unions have been shown to decline in comparison to marital unions. VAWS in 1993 sampled about 12,300 women and carried out an extensive telephone interview on their experiences of violence since they attained the age of sixteen (Brownridge, 2008).GSS also carried similar telephone interviews of both the men and the women on the nature of the violence they had experienced from their partners since attaining the age of fifteen (Brownridge,2008). Interviewed 25,876 men and women in 1999 but in 2004 it interviewed again a total number of 23,766 men and women (Brownridge, 2008). The inertia hypothesis posits that cohabitation increases the chances of the partners finally marrying one another. This is because cohabitation tends to increase the constraints in the relationship thereby preventing the partners from ending the relationship The factors that have been associated with cohabitation are either internal for instance, the partners need to be close to one another or external when the reason for cohabitation is a constraint in the relationship such as the presence of a child. Commitment theory tries to prove this hypothesis right; the theory states that commitment can either be as a result of the need to dedicate oneself to the other or it can be as a result of a constraint in the relationship that results in the partners being forced to stay with one another (Stanley, Kline and Markman, 2005). The level of dedication is never the same and research has shown that women tend to be dedicated more to their partners even after marriag
The Healthcare Industry The health care industry refers to a business sector that involves the offering of expertise or opinion of professionals and consultants or the offering of service with regards to the safety or enhancement of the health of the community as a whole or the healing and care of people who are injured, unwell, disabled, or in some form of poor health. The provision of contemporary health care relies on a developing group of qualified professionals joining together as an interdisciplinary squad. The healthcare industry takes account of the offering of health services by a health care provider. More often than not, these services are sponsored by the patient himself or by his insurance company. However, these services can also be financed by the public administrative institutions through national health care schemes (such as the National Health Service in the United Kingdom) or may be provided for by NGOs, charities, or self-volunteers, predominantly in the poorer and third-world nations. Consuming approximately 10 percent of the gross domestic product or GDP of the majority of first-world countries, health care can be considered to play an enormous role in a nation’s economy. Health care spending on medical facilities, professionals, hospitals or nursing homes, diagnostic laboratories, drugstores, medical apparatus producers, and other elements of the health care framework, in the year 2001, for the OECD countries stood at an average of 8.4 percent of the GDP with the United States toping the lists with 13.9% and the other two of the top three nations were Switzerland and Germany recording 10.9% and 10.7% respectively. (Dawson, 2009) Scal
Introduction The emergence of the Mendelian genetics in the 19 th century and the discovery of DNA structure by James Watson and Francis Crick in the 20 th century have paved the way for the development of molecular genetics in the 20 th and 21 st centuries. The scientific protocols and advanced equipment have made it possible to extract, amplify, and sequence genetic material obtained from diverse sources. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) has revolutionized molecular biology because it allows in vitro amplification of DNA material making it available for various genetic studies [1]. Currently, PCR has become a versatile technology for it applies in diverse fields ranging from biological research to medical diagnostics. The evolution and advancement of genetic tools have made it possible to sequence genomes of different organisms for purposes of molecular genetics. Genome sequences from prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms have enhanced understanding of evolutionary relationships of organisms. From the Human Genome Project (HGP), identification and characterization of genes show that individual genome reveals their genetic lineage and evolutionary processes they have undergone with time [2]. Continued sequencing of genomes necessitated creation of genome databases such as GenBank, DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ), and European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), which store genome sequences for genetic studies. In genome sequence homology, the comparative genomic mapping is a powerful evolutionary tool that determines the degree of similarity and divergence of genome sequences between organisms [3]. Moreover, comparative genomic mapping has become the basis of identifying variable and evolutionary conserved genes that confer certain traits of interest in plants and animals. The process of selecting genes of interests constitutes marker-assisted selection (MAS), and it plays a central role in plant and animal breeding. Identification and characterization
Introduction As an organizational consultant at We Make Widgets, Inc, I will try to find an individual approach to each of the leaders who work in this organization. Although, these people face different problems, in each case it is necessary to strike a balance between professional and personal life. Without it they may not be able to do their work effectively. To some extent, each of the leaders is driven by his or her need for professional fulfillment, and this behavior often results into family problems, fatigue, or inability to relax. The main task of the leadership team is to seek outcomes that can benefit these individuals and the company in general. In order to achieve success I will rely on the assistance of my colleagues. Moreover, I will have to gain the trust of the leaders so that they could share with me their beliefs, opinions, and tell me more about their goals or values. The main goal of the team will be to offer solutions that can improve of these peoples’ lives without impairing their productivity or reducing their contribution to the successes of the company. Maria Visionaria and the necessity to ease the heavy workload The first person whom I will need to approach is Maria Visionaria. She is the Chief Executive Officer at We Make Widgets. Currently, she works six or seven days per week and this emphasis on work adversely influences her physical health and relations with other people. There are several questions that I will have to ask her. First, I will ask her whether there are people to whom she can delegate some of her duties. It is important for every leader to find a person who can support his or her ideas and carry out some of the duties that a leader performs. According to Robert Thomas, a leader must be able to find a person should have confidants, in other words people on whom he or she can rely on (2008, p. 46). Without them, it is rather difficult to achieve any success in personal or professional life. Thus, Maria should also find such confidants. In turn, other members of the leadership team will interview other employees of We Make Widgets, Inc. These people may suggest ways of how she can delegate some of her authority to her colleagues. In this way, the team will try to develop the most effective strategies for Maria Visionaria. Secondly, I would ask Maria whether she has other interests, apart from professional activities. Robert Thomas says that a wide range of interests is one of the strengths that can help a person overcome stressful situations (2008, p. 46). One should take into account that many people can become too focused on their job, and it may be difficult for them to find other interest or goals. Yet, by paying more attention to their interests or hobbies they can make their lives more fulfilling. Apart from that, if Maria Visionaria allows me, if will ask her several questions about her family. In particular, I will ask her about the amount of time that Maria spends with these people. It is quite possible that she will acknowledge the necessity to pay more attention to the needs of these people. This is how our team will try to approach this pers
Target is another name that refers to Target Corporation. This company is a retail corporation found in America. The first retail store was opened in 1902, in Minneapolis, Minnesota. During its inauguration, this store was named Dry Dayton Goods Corp. Target Corp currently operates under two distinct divisions namely the retail segment, and the credit card segment. The retail division incorporates all the integrated online businesses and the merchandizing business operations of Target Corp. The retail division in the United States enables clients to establish the stores where the products are, and buy them online. The credit card division provides credit services to eligible clients or consumers via the RED cards such as the Target Visa, and Target Corp Card. In the United States, Wal-Mart Corporation is the largest discount retail company followed by Target Corporations, which is ranked second. From the departmental stores, Target Corporation has overwhelmingly grown to make its first appearance in Canada. The merchandizes offered by this corporation have prices that are discounted. Target is now reportedly offering branded debit cards. History of Target Corporation Dayton John finished constructing a building that had 60 stories in the fiscal 1902. The successfully finished structure was situated in Minneapolis city center and was leased to Goodfellow Corporation. This corporation transferred its departmental stores to this newly built Dayton structure. John later in the fiscal 1903 had Dayton Dry Goods Corp, which took the name of the Goodfellow departmental stores (Lehman, 2002). In Minneapolis, Dayton Corp retail stores were successful, but in the fiscal 1950, John bought the departmental stores belonging to Lipmans Corp. This corporation was situated
Introduction This essay will be looking at the relationship between the aspects of materialism and religion and the ways they affect the global consumption cultures. It will be looking at the roles materiality and region play in the development of consumption. The ways it hinders and fuels the spread of global consumer culture will also be looked at. Consumers are becoming more and more sophisticated, complex and demanding. This is mainly attributed to easier access to available information and knowledge these days (Wong and Ahuvia, 1998, p. 12). This, coupled with a rising awareness of consumer rights, has placed additional demands on decision-makers to identify the relationship between religion and materialistic consumption in modern society. This is especially true when different ethnic and religious groups co-exist within the same geographical area (Anderson, 1998, p. 34). Definition of Materialism and Religion Materialism is the human belief that their welfare and wellbeing are important, this can be achieved by consuming the best and material goods while religion can be said to be the fundamental bond between mankind and the creators. Consumer behavior varies from individual to individual as well as from group to group of people. Although it has been known that income level is an important variable in determining the consumers’ behaviors, other factors such as cultures, religions and geographical locations have a strong impact on spending patterns (Schiffman, Bednall, Paladino, Ward and Kanuik, 2008, p. 44). Relationship between Materialism, Religion and Consumption The impact of a person’s level of materialism on their consumption behavior has often been examined at the cultural level. This essay suggests that the materialism defining one’s culture determines one’s behavior in purchasing products on the basis of their materialistic associations as reflected in brand names, prices and exclusivity. Materialism affects consumption, with materialists being motivated by social visibility, quality and prestige (Ger and Belk, 1996, 101). Little research, however, has taken into account the potential variation in individual materialism within these cultures and how such characteristics ultimately affect preferences for particular aspects of the product. Using a framework embedded in random utility theory, we decompose the evaluation of products in terms of a brand’s materialistic associations, and conspicuous attributes, both of which may be more pertinent for consumers to communicate and reflect their own individual level of materialism. We test this framework in two product categories, luxury cars and sunglasses. We find support for our hypotheses that materialistic individuals prefer brand names with materialistic associations. There is some confirmation that individual materialism influences the importance and preference for conspicuous attributes of the
Introduction The processes of globalization seem inevitable and ongoing, which indicates the relevance of discussions on any related topic. Below, the primary drivers of globalization, as well as their impact, will be explored. Main body There is no unified approach to the exhaustive list of globalization’s drivers. The scholarly dimension provides various and diverse opinions on the topic. However, it might be claimed that Petersen (2017) formulates the drivers that reflect the ideas and concepts created by other respectful academicians. Then, Ebert and Griffin (2018) assume that in the global context, globalization tends to affect a business to a large extent. At this point, it should be noted that this discussion investigates globalization within the economic scope and does not explore its peculiarities in the framework of culture, politics, or law. Globalization may be considered as a phenomenon that strengthens and intensifies the depth and density of transnational relations within various spheres of life – the economic one, in particular (What is globalization? 2020). Petersen (2017) provides the following drivers of this phenomenon – demography, political decisions, and technology. The justification of the latter is that because of technical progress, expenses for transportation and communication have significantly decreased nowadays. If there were no reductions, the current level of international trade, outsourcing, and global value chains would not take place. Then, the size of the population in countries is essential for the determination of endowment differences between economies. If a certain country has a vast amount of labor force but a small reserve of capital in the long term, it is poor and undeveloped. Hence, demography might be perceived as a crucial driver because the population defines the real potential of economic growth and the extent of involvement in the
Many authors have made use of narcissism as a theme of their literary stylistics. The phenomenon of narcissism refers to that state of an individual in which he or she may become the most egoistic, self-obsessed and selfish persons. There are many reasons for which authors have been using the phenomenon of narcissism in their literary undertaking. It may be due to this reason of creating moralistic concerns in the story. The book The Night in Question by Tobias Wolff includes different stories that have made use of the phenomenon of narcissism. The short stories The Chain and The Life of the Body are two short stories from the book that have depicted characters that destructed their lives themselves for being narcissist. This paper compares the two characters from the two notes short stories to understand their psyche that resulted in self-destruction. Brian Gold is a narcissist character of the short story The Chain while Wiley is another egoistically charged character from the story The Life of the Body . Brain has been depicted as a character that lived with self-obsession. He wanted to prove his heroic abilities to the world because he believed that in this way, he will be able to get the respect that a man should be earning. It is for this reason that he kept on being anguish with his wife. Also, people around him greatly pushed him to think about being a brave Jew. It shall be noted that Brain was going through the complex of living a simple life as he had no enemies. In order to prove that he was a powerful person, he expressed his anger towards everyone (Wolff). In a similar manner, Wiley the character becomes a reason behind his own destruction as he believed that everybody will stand up for him if he remains obnoxious. It shall be noted that Wiley also had a disagreement with the truth that being charming is not
Telecare and digital health are an illustration of the new reality where people and doctors can establish communication without changing the location. It is beneficial for enhancing the quality of the provided help and reallocation of human and material resources in order to aid more patients (Clemensen et al., 2017). It is necessary to point out that telemedicine changes the methodology of treatment used by doctors or nurses (David, 2020). It requires establishing trustful relationships with the patient, as there is no opportunity to conduct a survey. The human has to explain to the healthcare worker his or her complaint in an honest and detailed way. The purpose of this paper is to examine the article by Zachrison and others (2020) and evaluate the advantages of telecare on the example of the functioning of emergency departments in the USA. Emergency departments are associated with the resuscitation and hospital wards. However, it can be observed that death threats may take various forms (Zachrison et al., 2020). For example, a patient may want to commit suicide, and a rapid reaction of the psychotherapist is needed. In this case, telemedicine is the best option as it provides a chance to help a person in an immediate and efficient way without wasting time on transportation. The researchers came to the conclusion that telecare is used in the majority of emergency departments in the USA (Zachrison et al., 2020). Neurology and psychiatry are among the spheres where digital health is the most widespread method of treatment (Zachrison et al., 2020). A multivariable logistic analysis was implemented to make a detailed conclusion based on the numbers and statistics (Zachrison et al., 2020). Telecare is a perspective approach in the sphere of medicine, which is advantageous for organizing an efficient and rapid treatment process.
Introduction The government accelerator programs are aimed at creating a tie up between the government organizations and new start-ups in order to expedite the national goals. The concept is to come up with new and better ideas so that the efficiency could be enhanced. The topic is quite significant because all over the world there has been extreme focus on government accelerator programs where the government is working with the private partners in order to come up with new and better products. However the concept of TQM will play an equally significant role because of the fact that TQM is a quality tool which is aimed at enhancing and improving the functions or processes. Thus the applicability of TQM would be necessary for the projects because this will also help in making improvements in the concepts which are taken up as part of Government Accelerators as mentioned in Gulf News (2017). Key research question   * What is the Government Accelerators (GA) methodology?   * What is the impact of GA methodology on organization’s total quality management and performance?   * What are the challenges that organizations face during the Acceleration period? Aim The aim of this research is to investigate the impact of the government accelerators methodology on the total quality management and entities performance. Objective   * To critically assess the methodology of the government accelerators.   * To compare the entities performance before and after applying the government accelerators methodology.   * To make recommendation to improve the effectiveness of the methodology and increase the organizational performance. Literature review TQM plays a significant role in the business by doing continuous improvement on everything which is required to provide proper quality service to a customer. Management of an organization can understand and protect their in-house losses following TQM. As per the principles of TQM, quality of service directly deals with customer satisfaction. It reduces rework on any service by understanding customer’s requirements and marking the competition. Apart from this TQM is required to maintain efficiency of work and to increase revenue of a company.
Have you ever thought about why some children prefer dinosaurs to Barbie or, vice versa, some children like Barbie more than dinosaurs? The idea of toys’ preferences is related to human nature, nurture, and behavior and closely connected to the sex difference of children. Deborah Blum admits that gender blur is considered to be a significant issue to comprehend the differences people face day by day. People are classified by gender factors such as masculinity that is usually characterized by aggression and some kind of dominance and femininity that is characterized by its submission and frequent passivity. The hormones like estrogen and testosterone help to build a nervous system that is different due to its sexuality basics. For example, estrogen is defined as a female sex hormone that aims at diminishing or shrinking muscles as well as body movements. Which are similar to the feminine ones. Estrogen is identified as the hormone that is able to affect the human mind as a result of which mannerisms are of feminine nature. Female acts differ considerably from those of male representatives: female behavior is less aggressive and may be influenced by control. The investigations of some scientists prove that the biological characteristics of men are more violent and aggressive. Any kind of aggression is inherent not only to human beings: different animals, as well as humans of the male gender, are identified as more aggressive. It is necessary to admit that the factor of reproductive genes may also serve as a kind of advantage to aggressive human behavior. Blum (1998) points out “male chimpanzees declare war on neighboring troops, and one of their strategies