ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Technological innovations have influenced the manner in which people operate from roads to their offices. The rapid growth of technology seems to influence even the automotive and transport industry (Akhilesh 2013). Whereas several businesses and innovative ventures are emerging each day in the modern world, uniqueness and exclusivity are becoming an important factor in the growth and development of modern businesses (Osterwalder & Pigneur 2013). Innovators regularly come up with new ideas, but their innovations rarely capture the market and consumers, and hence, they slowly plummet, because they fail to receive the expected adoption. With the changing trends in consumer preferences, competent businesses are emerging with tantalizing business models and products, and thus new technologies have found it uneasy to penetrate the already explored markets (Louise 2013). A starting technology meets many challenges and fears among financiers over the emerging technological businesses, as they are normally unsure of its future commencement. Fundamental to such notions, this research provides a professional analysis of a start-up tech venture known as Lyft. Description of the Venture Lyft is a modern and privately owned tech venture that emerged through innovations in the cab transportation company, and it is currently gaining extensive support and fame across the American roads ( Lyft 2014). Initiated during the summer of 2012, two innovators John Zimmer and Logan Green began the transport business and named it Zimride to offer passengers peer-to-peer ride sharing experiences ( Lyft 2014). Zimmer and Green developed the Lyft transport system with a dream of enabling passengers save money, avoid congested city traffic, and bring communities together through rideshare transport program ( Lyft 2014). The cabs form a system of transport network with the company affording to connect and match drivers with passengers, who have requested for a cab ride through the Lyft Android and iPhone mobile applications. Lyft promotes the venture by encouraging passengers to influence their friend to sign up and reward them with $25 on the subsequent ride. Using Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) and background checks, Lyft screens drivers to assess their credibility and driving record standards in a stricter manner than the traditional taxis ( Lyft 2014). Lyft taxis are unique because they receive voluntary donations from passengers, unlike traditional taxis that rely on cash payments. Deposited weekly into their bank accounts, these community drivers receive approximately 80% of the total donations that passengers voluntarily produce ( Lyft 2014). Independent community drivers must have personal cars in good working condition and must possess Android phones or iPhone connected to passengers via the mobile applications. Business Model Canvas for the Venture In undertaking the professional analysis of Lyft as a new venture in America, this research paper uses the business model canvas to carry out the business analysis proc
Technology has been an indispensable progressive process in human life. It can be best understood when pursued from the historical background from the evolution of early human beings characterized by the use of simple tools to the complex enormous networks in the contemporary man’s world. Nevertheless, technological developments in the ancient civilizations were compelled by some factors that either led to the formation of new technologies or improvements of the existent ones. Human population increase contributed to technological advancements during ancient civilizations. With their increasing numbers, humans noticed that reliance on hunting alone could not satisfy their food consumption needs, and they resorted to a cultural shift from nomadic hunting and gathering activities to crop growing. Around 7,000 B.C, some groups were doing experiments on intentional cultivation of plants which later led to farming (Scarre and Fagan 376). The agriculturalists inhabited the Fertile Crescent that consisted of the fertile banks of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers (Scarre and Fagan 63). The soil on these fertile hillsides encouraged tillage and other agricultural practices. By 5,000 B.C., agronomy had developed to various parts of the world and new technologies such as the use of primitive plow and harvesting tools came into existent (Scarre and Fagan 100). As evident, the growth in human population kindled agricultural developments which were featured by the use of new farm tools. Besides populace increase, trade that existed between the prehistoric communities led to technological advancements. Business dealings produced demand for certain commercial items in the market therefore, industries had to be established. To supply the flourishing copper industry with structured mineral transportation, a two-wheeled cart was invented (Scarre and Fagan 33). Nonetheless, the first means of transport which emerged in Egypt and Mesopotamia were sailing boats which came into use before 3500 B.C (Scarre and Fagan 98). As well, trade enabled different individuals to meet and exchange ideas and that is why manufacturing was more prevalent in the New Stone Age period. Notably, techniques such as grinding corn and baking clay became part of human economic activities. Also, the early metal workers began to acquire the new skills of extracting and working the soft metals such as gold, copper, and tin (Scarre and Fagan 34). Therefore, the need to acquire a trade item that one was lacking shaped the skills of the early man in a way that led to the development of industries. Moreover, the availability of stones and copper ores was a major contributing factor to the development of technology during prehistoric periods. Of all the materials that the early man is suspected to have used in his activities, stone has survived many years. During prehistoric times, Oldowan tools were stones that were deliberately shaped for specific purposes (Scarre and Fagan 9).
An Evaluation of Current and Potential Future Application of Value and Risk Management into Construction Project Management Professional Services in the Construction Sector in the UAE Abstract: The UAE had an unprecedented boom in its construction sector between 2004 and 2008. This ended during the international financial crisis of 2008. As a result, the UAE Prime Minister issued a decree requiring all contractors to use green principles in construction projects. The high-end construction market responded by adopting stronger VRM practices. The state of VRM in the UAE is that it is growing in prominence. However, the professionals in the area are very few. In many cases, external consultants provide VRM services. The future of VRM in the UAE requires better training for undergraduate engineers, to supplement the efforts of the existing postgraduate VRM professionals. General Structure of the Paper This paper has two main sections. The paper includes a literature review covering the essential background of both value management and risk management, and the result of the combination of the two, into value and risk management. The paper also presents the findings of a survey conducted to determine the VRM awareness levels of professionals in the construction sector in the UAE. The paper concludes by presenting the conclusions obtained in answer to the problem statement. Introduction The UAE is a regional leader in the application of VRM principles. This paper seeks to examine the issues that have an impact on VRM practices in the UAE and the implications of these issues for the future. The period between 2004 and 2008 will remain etched in the memory of the UAE as the heyday of the construction industry. In that time, value management did not command much respect because investors in the construction s
Introduction In an era when number of people leaving the universities is increasing tremendously, only people with the best techniques will land a place of their dream career. The number of jobs created by different sectors of the economy is not enough to absolve all the graduates that are leaving institutions of higher learning. Having the relevant degree certificate only is not enough as there are many people with the same academic qualifications; and who would want to do the same job that one is looking for, if they were given a chance. The competition is very high and the demand is rising and as the laws of economics have it, the price of getting a job is becoming higher everyday. According to (Orville 4), it is the special skills that the job seeker must have and is willing to share at the opportune time that will enable him/her to have competitive advantage against others in the same field. To horn these skills it is necessary to use the appropriate techniques. Having the correct academic papers is not in itself enough in securing a job. However, without good papers most of the applicants are disqualified before a chance for interview is accorded. So the first step for living the dream of your life in that career is taking a relevant course in a recognized institution. After attaining the required grades the journey to hunt for a job would now start in earnest. Looking for job is a skill that everybody should have. It is therefore necessary to know how to write a catching resume, have the right contacts and how to present yourself during the interview. These are the tools of marketing for every person who is looking for a job. Networking and establishing contacts with people that would help in getting to know people inside the job career, becomes a vital step in getting the dream job. According to Krueger (p. 12), every person has a right job lying in wait, but not every job we come across is actually the right job for all us. A career that gives your friend a lot satisfaction may not necessarily provide you with the anticipated comfort. There is therefore need for career choice advice from experts. Career guidance is a service offered to job seekers to identify their strong areas and therefore focus their efforts. Job selection should be done with specialty in mind as extensivity has no place in the era of specialization. Job searching techniques When searching for a job different techniques must be used ranging from websites that advertise jobs, social networks and the newspapers. Also be in contact with people working in the area that you may be wishing to work in. There are different techniques that people can use to select a job. While these techniques are general, the focus should be how best a job seeker can convince their interviewers that he/she is the best and will give best value for their money. This requires writing techniques, oratory prowess with communication skills and strict
Introduction Sudan has experienced many internal problems for a very long time. Since the country attained its independence in 1956, there has been no political stability in the entire country. The North and the South have been continuously fighting for various reasons. This problem resulted from an improperly executed transition from the colonial government to self- governance. Studies have also blamed this problem on several specific factors. These factors include traditional authority, poor governance, and marginalisation of some parts of the nation’s population. Other factors include religious differences and the scramble for natural resources. Each of these factors has contributed to the political problems Sudan has been experiencing since its independence. These factors led to disagreements between different groups of citizens and the eventual civil conflicts and war. In general terms, poor representation, deprivation of political powers and impunity among leaders were the biggest problems in the politics of Sudan. This paper describes these problems and how they led to the current ailing state of the Sudanese politics through analysing various literature materials about the history of Sudan. The Question This Paper Answers Describe the analytical factors, including traditional authority, which affected the politics of Sudan. Relevance of the Term Paper This research seeks to establish the origin of the problems that affect Sudan even today. Sudan experienced a serious civil war from 1983 to 2005. The war led to the declaration of Southern Sudan’s independence from North Sudan. Ironically, the citizens of Southern Sudan began fighting against each other only two years after their independence in 2011. A few years later, the International Criminal’s Court signed an arrest warrant for the Sudanese president. The court accused him of participating in the civil war. Hence, this paper is very relevant to the problems both Southern Sudan and Sudan experience today. Research Process The research involved an analysis of information from several written materials. Precisely, written texts provided the information used in this research. Interpretation of Literature According to Curles and Rodt, the traditional authority has greatly affected the politics of Sudan (101). Immediately after independence, leaders of the independent Sudan decided to develop a strong government from the natives of Sudan. Hence, the national government had to integrate the traditional authority into its administrative structures (Curless and Rodt 102). The role of this authority was to help the government in managing both the citizens and resources at the local level. However, instead of strengthening the government as the leaders had purposed, the traditional authority radically weakened t
The art of cinema is comparatively new to the mankind, its history dating back to the twentieth century. Despite cinema’s obvious youth, the pace at which it is developing is truly amazing. With its specific ability to speak to the audience directly, it has the most efficient influence on the people, in contrast to literature and the rest of the arts. However, the issues suggested by filmmakers can be contradicting and suggesting the ideas which are hard to chew from the start. Such is the series called Torchwood, with the ideas which they speak about very inspiring, yet suggesting quite hard food fro thoughts. In one of its episodes, Children of Earth, the filmmakers exercise the ideas of egoism and altruism as an integral part of human’s character, adding the issue of deontology to the range of the qualities of a man, as the only possible compromise between the two contesting notions. The Aspect of Altruism: Putting Your Shirt on It Whenever one talks about altruism, it is presumed that the notion is taken as the most positive pattern for all people to follow and adhere to. With the interpretation which the movie suggests, altruism obtains another shade of meaning, which features people’s responsiveness for what is happening, altruism being the highest grade of admitting one’s fault or duty. In the traditions of the Marvel comic strips, the movie features the hero who is willing to become a martyr in order to save the Earth from the danger of being consumed by an alien race. Rather childish and naïve, the story touches the deepest of the audience’s soul, rendering the heartstrings long forgotten by the adult public, and making people feel that there is still something virtuous about the human nature. Understanding that the qualities of a man’s character which are the three pillars of the world and justice are still there in the secret shelter of their hearts, people start perceiving the film as one more reminder of the best of a man. They are given the picture of the savior who is about to come to the rescue without fearing to perish in the fight, with his long odds which do not leave him the chance to stay alive in the struggle. Next to the image of a hero, three is the world of people shown in the most despiteful way, the remainders of the past peaceful life scattered across the ruins: “We are shown a bleak, ugly world where there is no hope and savior. Therefore we carve one.” (Ireland 20) An Egoist’s Point of View: Mine, Mine, Mine! However, the most touching scenes of he episode also unlock the ideas which lead to the understanding of the nature of egoism. The episode shows the heroes as the only saviors of the world, which adds certain drama and pathos to the movie, yet creates the grounds on whic
Introduction Management is an essential function in organisations. Depending on how it is carried out, it has the power to transform organisations into success or failure cases. It therefore requires proper training of individuals who also need to be dedicated to the organisation by having its interests at heart. Several theories of management exist to define the working examples and types of managers that organisations can have. In this case study, focus is made on some of the things that may go wrong in organisations because of poor and inefficient management based on personal experiences in one of the companies. Working as a human resource manager in one of the companies in Hong Kong, some administrative and managerial problems were evident during the short experience. One of the problems was in the recruitment of employees for the company, which was not professionally done. It resulted in poorly experienced employees in the company. The other problem in the organisation was the poor communication culture that existed within the management between the employees themselves and employees and management. The employees were not motivated at the work place. They would end up taking unnecessary leaves or even provide false excuses to skip the working environment. Some of them were found out and sacked. The turnover rate of staff was as high as 25% for a single year. The benefits provided to the staff were also not attractive thus contributing to the low motivation and high turnover rate. In addition, the organisation did not have an elaborate training scheme or an opportunity for the career development of employees. New employees were also not oriented on the functioning of the organisation, and what they could expect from it or what was expected of them. Decision-making in the organisation was also slow with management having little if any innovation. The organisation’s recruitment strategy was mainly for other citizens as a way of ensuring cheap labour. It also had little impact on the society in which it was located. These problems were considered because they represent a typical example of poor management and failure in the management strategies. The organisation that is discussed is a leading Japanese company involved in tunnel work with the MTR in Hong Kong. The organisation is medium sized with around 300 members of staff involved in the project. The culture is mainly made up of a number of ethnic groups from all over the world. The organisational culture is therefore diverse from the different employees. The culture in the organisation is more of means-oriented, which is a departure from the more efficient goal-oriented culture (Drucker, & Maciariello, 2008, p. 19). This case study reviews literature that is appropriate to the organisation under study. Besides, it attempts to explain the shortfalls evident the organisation in an attempt to formulate appropriate conclusions with
There is no use denying the fact that such issues as leadership and management are extremely vital for our society because they serve as the basis that helps to organize the functioning of various people and coordinate their actions. It should also be said that these two notions are closely connected and interdependent. However, analyzing such situations as leadership without management and management without leadership it is possible to say that the first variant seems to be more acceptable and productive than the second one. The thing is that a leader does not have to manage people. Very often the image of a leader serves as the thing that inspires people and gives them some stimulus for their development. Thus, if a manager is not a leader, he/she will not be able to perform his/her duties in the right way. Being superior because of the vacancy that he obtains, a manager can give orders to workers and control their functioning. However, having no leadership qualities, he/she will not be respected by the collective and his/her authority will be formal but not real. That is why, it is possible to say that in the coherent society managers, especially those who obtain some senior positions, have to posses leadership qualities in order to manage workers efficiently because a great progress could hardly be achieved by a bad leader Analyzing the situation from the Islamic standpoint, it is possible to say that traditionally the issue of leadership has been of a great importance for this philosophy. The thing is that according to this religion a leader should take care of his/her people and protect them from various threats. With this in mind, it becomes obvious that a leader is given a great authority and significance because the life of people depends on it. That is why, resting on these assumptions, it is possible to say that for the Islamic philosophy a good leader is almost always a good manager. However, it also means that a good manager has to obtain good leadership qualities in order to inspire people and make them follow him/her. Due to this fact, one can conclude that the idea of management without leadership could be taken as inappropriate for the Islamic law and society. Additionally, it should also be said that the Islamic Law and Shariah play a great role in the functioning of a state and some governance issues. The question of leadership is given a great attention and a ruler of a state, as the leader of people who reside there, should obviously be a good leader who will be able to manage people,
Introduction Throughout the history of humanity, Native American cultures have proved to be highly resilient and showed the ability to sustain in the same environment during centuries, even though their population-level could decrease. Currently, twenty-two Native Indian tribes and communities reside on the territory of Arizona. The presence of the ethnic-cultural minority population in the state largely contributes to its multicultural diversification and enrichment as even new generations prefer to live up to the unique values and worldviews passed to them by ancestors. Along with this, the high density of their representation in the state − 5-6% of the total population − may also have a favorable impact on the ecological situation because, in accordance with tribal traditions, local indigenous people practice rituals that have both spiritual meaning and environmental connotations. This paper researches the implications of American Indians’ cultural and “environmental” activities, discusses the problems associated with them, and outlines possible effects on the ecology in the state. Analysis Nowadays all twenty-two Native American reservations located in Arizona hold the territory of millions of acres. The largest communities include the Hualapai Tribe spreading over 1 million acres and comprised of 1.532 people, the San Carlos Apache Tribe − 1.83 million acres, and 9.000 people, the White Mountain Apache Tribe − 1.6 million acres and 12.000 people, and so on. Some of the communities, such as the Navajo Nation, can be so big that they spread around several states and 16 million acres (Sheridan 305). The smallest ones include the Cocopah Indian Reservation in which 816 people live on the territory of 6.500 acres, and the Havasupai Tribe consisted of 639 people and covering 518 acres of the land. In Native Indian reservations, one may find a great variety of natural formations, touristic destinations, and sights such as Black Mountains, San Carlos Lake, Canyon de Chelly, Colorado River, fountains, mineral water pools, and many more (“American Indian Tribes and Communities in Arizona”). The establishment of all indigenous people’s reservations “proceeded sporadically and haphazardly over 119 years” (Sheridan 305). However, the historical development of Natives in Arizona goes hundreds of years back. Before their first encounter with the western explorer