ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Overview of the Commercial The commercial for Garnier Fructis found in Cosmopolitan magazine promotes the new shampoo line dubbed growing strong hair, treatments, and conditioner. The main purpose of the advert is to make women insecure about themselves and believe that they can only attain beauty by using the product. The commercial contains a young and attractive couple happily together (Moral, 2018). The principal element of the commercial is portrayed by the man making the focal point of the page. The primary thoughts created in the viewer’s mind are the happiness and attractiveness of the girl while caressing and roving her fingers through her hair. More so, the girl is portrayed with wavy, shiny, and long hair while caressing the man’s head. Moreover, the characters in the advertisement are wearing executive and classy clothes for parties portraying the element of societal acceptance and power. The advert aims at adult females in the range of 18 to 40 years. The females may be single or married, given the romantic theme, fashion, and beauty depicted as it attracts many readers. The magazine contains articles concerning dating, feminine celebrities, sex, and weight loss. The magazine provides women with up-to-date information concerning the aspects of fashion and beauty. The advert is inductive as it focuses highly on making the women believe that they have to appear like the model portrayed in the advert to look beautiful and that the product is fused with the health element to make them gain belief in it. The Fructis advertisement takes women as its main target audience through handling issues about fashion and beauty, specifically concerning hair for ladies. Women’s hair is regarded in society of Americans as a symbol of feminism and respect. More so, women are always looking for products and services that can assist them in shaping their brand-new style of hair. This advertisement directly aims at exploiting the women’s insecurities as a lady can feel about their hair to give her a product that can transform their beauty and confidence. Thus, implicit messages in the advertisement regard the promise of all ladies’ strength, confidence, and beauty. Fallacies in the Commercial The chief attention of the advertisement is the longhaired and beautiful model visualized on the front page. Like all models portrayed in beauty product advertisements, the model inclines to symbolize the features that numerous women attempt to have. The model is created with flawless skin, an oval and thin, faultlessly balanced face, long hair, long and thin body. The model is portrayed looking straight into the reader’s eyes with a furtive, fascinating stare. The model resembles several women depicted in advertisements, television shows, and films. She is the type of woman readers will assume to be desired by most men. Therefore, she seems to suit the standard which is defined as beautiful by the general society and most readers are used to such amazing women in the movies and music videos when they are greatly cherished by fans and imaginary male suitors. The
Discussion Question Please choose three works of art, architecture, music, literature, or philosophy from the Age of the Baroque. Then, explain how these works are influenced by either the Protestant Reformation or the Catholic Counter-Reformation. Initial Response (At least 3-4 sentences that directly answer the question) In fine art, the term Baroque (from Portuguese “Barocco” – a pearl or stone of irregular shape) referred to a complex artistic movement that took origins in Rome, Italy, and dominated the European art from circa 1590 through 1720. The Catholic Church of Rome was not happy with what the Protestant Reformation brought about and desired to reassert its power and dominance. The language of art was understood by many, and the Catholic church used paintings, sculptures, and buildings as media for spreading its views on Christianity. Peter Paul Rubens was one of the key figures of the Baroque and the Catholic Counter-Reformation. He was a renowned expert at creating so-called chiaroscuro – a painting technique characterized by employing a striking contrast in lighting – and expressing the melodrama and mystery of Catholic faith (Sauerlander 45). The Descent from the Cross by Rubens takes up the center panel of a triptych that he painted for the Cathedral of Our Lady, Antwerp. Over the 16th century, Antwerp had seen many conflicts on the grounds of religion (De la Torre 185). In the early 16th century, Antwerp switched from Catholicism to Calvinism and prohibited religious visuals from churches (De la Torre 185). By 1585, the rule had been repelled, and among other events, the installation of The Descent from the Cross contributed to the rise of Catholicism. Jesus Christ is the central character of The Descent from the Cross and draws the viewer’s attention from the first glance. The other characters include St. John the Evangelist, Joseph of Arimathea, Nicodemus, and the three Marys – the Virgin Mary, Mary of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene (Sauerlander 156). The most prominent characteristics of the Catholic Counter-Reformation art are found in the Descent from the Cross: overlapping figures, vivid colors, and a large scale. This particular painting was supposed to let the viewers imagine themselves being part of the scene and also repent their sins when contemplating the reformed Mary Magdalene holding Christ’s hand. Caravaggio was one of the most prominent artists of his time who was best known for his strikingly realistic painting style. He masterfully combined the embellishment and exaggeration of the Baroque with elements of classicism and revitalized large scale religious art in Italy (Benay 69). His artistic idiom was both admired and criticized: the most conservative Catholics found the realism too vulgar for showing Christian scenes while art collectors appreciate
The COVID-19 outbreak has brought the entire world to a standstill in a matter of mere months. The new virus has negatively affected the major economic sectors. Those of them that rely on travel and gatherings of people such as tourism are arguably hurt the most. Tourism felt the ramifications of the looming pandemic even before the World Health Organization (WHO) gave the outbreak that status. Customers were growing concerned, fearful, and discouraged from traveling, hearing the news, and learning about the speed with which the virus was swaying the planet. Once the WHO announced the pandemic, country governments proceeded with putting legal hurdles to travel, further straining the tourism sector. Healing and recovering the tourism industry now largely relies on its ability to evaluate and implement risk reduction strategies. This paper argues that the existing approaches toward risk reduction might not work amid the COVID-19 pandemic or at least, will be severely challenged by the unprecedented nature of the current events. The State of the Tourism Industry During the Pandemic Since the very onset of the outbreak, the United Nations’ World Tourism Organization has been communicating that alongside the transport sector, the tourism sector will be one of the most affected. Tourism is a sector that largely relies on person-to-person interactions, which makes it vulnerable when it comes to crises that go beyond the borders of one country. So far, the COVID outbreak has caused lockdowns of entire cities and countries and travel restrictions at the national level. The sector has been halted starting from the largest players employing thousands of workers to small independent businesses with just a staff of just a few people. Before the crisis, tourism has maintained the livelihood of not only people directly employed by the sector but also their families and third-party suppliers. Besides, tourism has long been a source of income for many vulnerable social groups such as women and youth in developing countries. The industries that are closely related to tourism such as agriculture, construction, food retail, and finance are also suffering from the consequences of the virus spread. Prior to COVID-19 outbreak, tourism statistics were indicative of a steady growth and optimistic future prospects even though the previous financial crisis was just twelve years ago. The United Nations’ World Tourism Organization (2020) reports that between 2010 and 2018, global employment across all economic sectors had increased by 11%. The tourism sector, on the other hand, had enjoyed a spurt of growth as big as 35%. By 2019, the sector had come to represent one-third of the world’s exports of services whose revenue had amounted to a whopping US$1.5 trillion. In developing countries, the share was even larger: 45% of the total export of services. Graph 1. International tourist arrivals, 2019 and Q1 2020 (% change) (The World Tourism Organization, 2020) To say that the COVID-19 outbreak has had a negative impact on the tourism industry would be an understatement. As seen from Graph 1, the first quartile of
The act of driving is an issue of life and death, both of which have an equal chance of happening. However, since none wishes to die, it suffices to declare anything that might result to death out of bounds. Communicating over the phone comes in as an experience that all people, both young and old, enjoy. Although all have the right to utilize the technology to the maximum, the situation or the environment that one is in significantly determines whether he/she has the right to use it. Drivers of automobiles for instance have every reason to use cellular phones. However, restrictions are equally important when put in place to check their use and to ensure that they use it appropriately. Many of the accidents and road carnages reported over the world result from reckless driving brought about by cellular phone use by drives when driving. The technology, which seeks to quicken and enhance the communication process, has deprived many innocent people of their lives. It is all about cellular phones. Whether drivers should use cellular phones or not still rages with majority suggesting the prohibition of their use of the phones while driving. Based on the working evidence that the paper tables, I too strongly support the prohibition of using cellular phones by the automobiles drivers. Use of cellular among drivers has been cited as one of the leading causes of accidents and highway carnages. Many drivers and commuters have succumbed to their lives because of cellular phones misuse by drivers. For instance, a schoolwork conducted by the University of South Carolina on the effects of chatting and listening on cell phones showing how it interferes with the visual tasks like driving provides a good insight to understanding the dangers that drivers risk when they drive and use cellular phones simultaneously. Dr. Amit, the researcher, found out that speaking and planning to speak requires some concentration and therefore demands more brains resources to listen (University of South Carolina Para.3). These experiments clearly suggest that the driver may be distracted and even lose control of the vehicle since the brain, and hence the eyes, will not be concentrating on the act of driving. Reports of the national highway traffic and safety administration also indicate that around 25 per cent of the accidents caused on the roads are because of distractions. This statistics clearly speak for itself. Use of cellular phones is one of the c
Abstract The evaluation of the process of economic ruin incurred by Marco’s restaurant, and the suggestion of remedies thereof is the key objective of this report. An elaborate analysis was done with a specific focus on how the current organization of the restaurant has led to continue to occasion losses and dismal performance. The process includes Operational Costs, Declining Profits, Staffing, and Promotion as the main areas that would determine the analysis and rescue process. Generalized recommendations were made with certain specifications that centered on the need of improving the staff morale, the need to bolster competition in the local industry, and the need to launch aggressive promotion campaigns that would ensure a return of profitability and systematic growth of the clientele. Secondary sources were cited to give force to some of the opinions that are represented in this report. Introduction Marco’s Restaurant on High Street in Birmingham is in the grips of imminent collapse unless drastic rescue measures are carried out in good time. For the last seven years since 1994, the restaurant has witnessed a steady decline in profits and is now encumbered by a series of increasing losses. The almost dysfunctional situation has arisen mainly because of administrative oversights. The owners of the facility have been reluctant to introduce operational systems that would adjust the restaurant to the commercial realities of the current economic dynamics. Consequently, the restaurant is now faced with bankruptcy as it is practically insolvent due to the heavy losses it has incurred. This scenario usually results from unchecked overheads against returns. The objective of this report is to point out the fundamental weaknesses that have stifled the growth of Marco’s restaurant leading to its current dismal performance. Operational Costs One major reason why Marco’s restaurant has stayed on the path of losses is the heavy costs of operation. Marco’s restaurant relies on a menu of expensive ingredients that cost lots of money. The problem is that the continued making of these expensive foods is without regard to consumer preferences. Most of the food prepared goes to waste since customers have revised their tastes from the times the restaurant began. For instance, the restaurant offers 15 pasta dishes and 25 types of pizza per day. The facility also offers about 12 deserts and all prepared from the restaurant. One major weakness of this restaurant is that in order for the restaurant to sustain its exotic menu the budgetary allocation of ingredients must come up to 657 pounds a week. However, about 365 pounds, about half the weekly budget goes to waste because of the shifting trends in food consumption at the restaurant. Most of these foods go to waste as the restaurant does not attract sufficient clientele during the breakfast and lunchtime hours. Despite this reality, the owner has stuck to the same routine for the sake of preserving the Italian
Abstract This document will describe the level of hand hygiene awareness depicted by nursing students from Saudi Arabia. The sample for the study will be from the five educational hospitals situated in different provinces of Saudi Arabia. The sample size utilized will be 500, and will be from each of the educational centers. A simple random sampling is the most appropriate method to apply. The study utilizes a quantitative research design for its data collection. The participants of the study will have to answer the structured questions in the questionnaire. The findings of this study will be useful in making decisions that will help enhance hand hygiene among nursing students around the world thus the reduced disease transmission. Background Studies conducted by scientists from diverse locations around have shown hand hygiene to be significant in and endeavor to control the transmission of the disease-causing pathogens among patients. It is apparent that some health care professionals have failed to maintain hand hygiene thus the spread of diseases. Reports have depicted direct contact to be amongst the basic causes of transmission of the disease-causing pathogens in a health care setting (Alston & Bowles, 2003). Researchers have indicated handwashing to be a principal intervention that would help curb the rising disease transmission cases in the hospital units. However, the noncompliance depicted by some health care professionals has acted as an obstacle towards formulating strategies for controlling infections. Although sources have depicted the availability of other approaches to monitoring a nurse’s hand hygiene, there exists no appropriate measure of conducting such an activity effectively. Therefore, this study aims to describe the hand hygiene awareness among nurses’ students of Saudi Arabia from five dissimilar hospitals located in assorted regions. The main reason for conducting this research is to help identify the main reasons behind the rising rate of transmission reported at dissimilar health care settings. The literature review This document reviews its literature from numerous currently published articles, discussing the issue of hand hygiene awareness by nurse students from different hospitals situated in diverse regions. In accessing these articles, the study has utilized two databases, which are CINAHL Plus and Ovid MEDLINE. In many countries around the globe, researchers have devoted their efforts towards understanding how poor hand hygiene has significantly contributed to the escalating transmission of diseases amongst patients. The central reason for the transmission is the negligence depicted by many healthcare professionals, who work with patients on a daily basis. Numerous articles have explained some studies undertaken by researchers possessing an enormous desire to understand how serious the health care professionals have perceived this issue. The knowledge depicted by different nursing students on hand hygiene A survey conducted by Gail (2007) aimed to understand th
Introduction Colombia is one of the countries of the developing world that is located in the continent of South America. It is a free market economy with major economic relations with the United States. The economy of the Republic of Colombia could be described as considerably steady up till the year 1997. Subsequently, GDP growth slowed to a mere 0.6% after which the country experienced depression at 4.5% per year (Martin 2008). Unemployment rose to around 20% which required major reform to bring it back on track. This led to a depreciation in the value of the Colombian Peso in the international markets, eventually prompting the country to draw on emergency funds from the IMF which was accompanied by enforcement of strict disciplinary measures. This aided recovery to a great extent however as the growth rate climbed to a healthy 3.1% by the year 2000 and international reserves reached above the $8 billion mark. Following the election of a new government in 2002, economic reforms were introduced again aimed at reducing the public-sector deficit (Dow Jones-Irwin 2006). This led to Colombia rising high among the developing nations of Latin America, reaching a considerable growth rate of nearly 8% according to nominal estimates by the year 2007. Rules and Regulations The legal and regulatory requirement in Colombia, accompanied with the requirement of the International Accounting Standards has led to issuing conflicting standards. The legal requirements on accounting are primarily expressed in the Code of Commerce which provides a guideline for the general accounting needs that companies must adhere to in terms of keeping books and creating financial statements. This is supplemented by the 1990 Law 43 that gives a more general legal framework that authorizes the Colombian government to issue Colombian auditing and accounting standards and to perform regulation of the profession in the country (Accounting Standards Update by Jurisdiction 2007). Lastly, the “Decree 2649” gives way to the Colombian generally accepted accounting principles. In addition, accounting and other rules regarding financial statement representation are also issued and overseen by the Superintendent of Corporations (corporate regulator), the Superintendent of Securities (securities market regulator), and the Superintendent of Banking (Colombia: Financial Statement Requirements In Colombia 1997). Table 1. Exchange Listing (Global Reports 2009) Exchange: Colombia – Bogota Stock Exchange – Companies  Company Name                                             Country        Primary                                                                                                    Exchange                           Admin Small                                              Banking        Col
Meaning of emotion words This research method was based on the meaning derived from words describing emotional experiences people experienced. These emotionally descriptive words target specific emotional feelings. Different emotional words convey distinctly different emotional feelings from a specific audience and situation. A word like love for example could convey a unique sense of belonging and satisfaction. The research approach led to the invention of specific words for specific situations. According to this method, a specific word could convey subjective feelings that led to the creation of categories of emotions. Analytically, semantics was the basis of five categories of emotions. The meaning of words approach was characterized by the basic elements of happiness, sadness, anger, fear, and disgust. Based on the meaning of words approach, a survey conducted on people received diverse responses on their perception and categorization of emotion in their own minds. The survey involved administering several cards on people to fill in emotional words and the cards sorted were sorted into various categories based on one’s best judgment. According to Tomkins (1981, 87) the results indicated a degree of agreement on the positive and negative emotions. Words like contentment and desire could be placed in the positive category while words like fury and worry could be placed on the negative side of the category. Further research and statistical analysis concluded with six categories as the most appropriate classification for the meaning of words research approach (Tomkins 1981, 100). The method consists of six categories with sub-categories that led to a universal classification of words for the meaning of words research method. The meaning of words theory Facial Expression This research method was based on the fact that facial expressions corresponded to specific emotions. Emotional expressions were internal and in every human being. An individual is able to differentiate between pleasant and those emotions that were unpleasant. Despite all these, the face could not provide information that could be graded on a scale of the intensity of emotions. In addition to that, cultural and biological factors were significant factors in determining facial expressions. Thus, when a facial expression was not experienced, there was thought to be no underlying emotional feelings (Steiner 1973, 5). Research findings based on this method revealed the relationship between facial expressions and the intensity of an emotion. Higher or intense emotional feelings caused intense facial expressions and vice versa. Illustrated in the theory were emotional feelings such as that of happiness and sadness on specific categories. Steiner (1973) argues that this method identified human beings as being unique in exhibiting facial expressions and their ability to express their emotional feelings such as laughs, coughs, etc. Human beings, according to this resear