ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Nowadays, we live in the globalized world, and almost every day we meet people representing various nations and confessions. Living in a society means communicating with each other. To increase the effectiveness of cross-cultural communication, we need to understand each other better. The visit to the other culture religious communities helps us to be aware of people mentality and the appropriate model of behavior. Religious beliefs inspire people to adjust their behavior by the dogmas and ethical norms of the religion influencing people’s way of thinking and decision-making (Wakimoto, 1990). “A person’s religious view is one of the elements that strongly influences his or her guiding principle in daily communication” (Hara, 2003, p.81). Last week my close friends and I visited the Shinto religious community. It was an amazing experience which is worth to share with. Shinto is the Japanese religious belief originated in ancient times. The tradition of Shinto supports the belief in kami, which explains the background of the people’s way of life, the attitude to nature and philosophical principles (Hirai, 2001). “The overall aims of Shinto ethics are to promote harmony and purity in all spheres of life. Purity is not just spiritual purity but moral purity: having a pure and sincere heart” ( Ethics in Shinto, 2009, p.4). We can state without any doubt that these conceptions influence how people interact in the Shinto temples. When entering the temple, we went the path on which the symbolic ritual of harai takes place. It is the ritual of spiritual sublimation. The believers go to the symbolic wood box throwing the coin into it. We noticed th
Through the Dimensions of Person, Environment, and Time Attempting to gain a deeper understanding of human behavior, scientists have developed a multidimensional approach that includes observation of such influential factors of human life as person, environment and time. Although in reality those factors are inseparable from each other, it is possible to focus on them separately, and later on superpose them in a well-ordered image of one’s behavior. An ideal case to analyze using multidimensional approach is the story of Sina (as presented in Hutchinson 2007), a woman who survived through the changing conditions of the time and the environment owing to her excellent personal characteristics. From the dimension of person, Sina appears to possess an ideal combination of qualities to go through the hardships of her life. Biologically, her body is fit enough to survive the challenges of bearing five children in the extreme conditions of famine, hard toil, infectious diseases, and the stress of escape. Despite all that, Sina still has enough milk to feed her children and enough energy to run through the jungle. Her psychological qualities also contribute to her success: being able to control emotions, Sina directs her mental efforts at finding the optimal way-out from the seemingly hopeless situation. Using her persuasive leadership skills she convinces the whole family of the necessity to risk the escape; and once being in the USA, she uses her quick cognitive abilities to learn the language and adapt to the new reality (Hutchinson 2007). The latter could not be possible without her determined yet flexible spiritual self: together with possessing a strong inner pivot and feeling of justice that did not allow Sina to put up with her misery, she is adaptable enough to integrate into the US society and accept its language, educational and even values. Environment is the factor that continuously puts Sina to the test. For one thing, her physical environment constantly changes: from the comfort of her suburban life she is moved to the middle of nowhere to work in the rice fields; then she flees through the jungle and lives in a UN camp, to gain final comfort in the US suburban house (Hutchinson 2007). The social institution of family is a strong supporting factor for Sina: surrounded at first by a large group of extended family, she loses many of her relatives during the hardship times, but the ones who survive maintain close contact and provide emotional support to each other. It appears that due to personal characteristics of both, Sina and her husband have changed social roles: while Sina acts as a strong determined head of the family, her submissive partner is on the verge of a nervous breakdown ever since action was taken to resist the unfavorable life conditions. Social relations also alter, as Sina gains more support from the state social services in the US and even receives financial help from a sponsor. US environment lets Sina develop herself in the spheres of education and work and reveal her leadership skills in practice.
The debate between Thomas Friedman and Robert Kaplan can throw light on various aspects of globalization, especially its effects on individuals and societies. In particular, one should focus on the role of different states and governments or the factors that increase the integration of different markets, technologies, and finance. Moreover, the authors pay attention to such an issue as personal rights and freedoms in the globalized world. These are the main questions that should be discussed more closely. On the whole, this debate is both interesting and thought-provoking because it can enable readers to understand how different communities can evolve in the environment when people from countries can easily interact with one another. Certainly, one cannot tell that the arguments of Thomas Friedman and Robert Kaplan are always substantiated with empirical data. This is one of the limitations that should be taken into account. However, this shortcoming does not undermine the value of this discussion since Thomas Friedman and Robert Kaplan illustrate different pathways of globalization. First of all, Thomas Friedman is quite right in pointing out that the process of globalization is driven by the development of technologies, rather than political changes within various communities. For instance, information and communication technologies make the world more interconnected. They create many opportunities for entrepreneurs. Therefore, one should not suppose that the efforts of different states can stop the process of the integration of markets. Such efforts are not likely to be effective because modern people can communicate with one another through a great number of channels. This is one of the main arguments that can be put forward. It seems that this comment is important for understanding the reasons why economic and cultural relations between various countries intensify. Still, one should not forget about availability of natural resources, since this factor affects the patterns of immigration. The availability of natural resources is vital for explaining the origins of conflicts between states. It is possible to argue that the scholars underline the complexities of globalization. This is one of the details that can be important for understanding the changes in the international relations. One of the central questions examined by Thomas Friedman and Robert Kaplan is the role of governments in the world in which the borders become more blurred. On the one hand, the process of globalization is possible when the government decreases its interference into the lives of citizens. Furthermore, this institution does not erect any barriers for businesses. So, one can say that the role of the state
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of social work supervision. It will focus on why I would supervise an intern and how the experience would influence my style of supervision. The challenges that I am likely to experience and future development goals will also be discussed. I would supervise a social work intern to improve my effectiveness as a social worker. Interns bring new perspectives and ideas to the profession. Thus, I am likely to learn from them. I would also supervise an intern in order to improve my supervisory skills. Undoubtedly, interacting with interns provides invaluable opportunities for developing practical skills in areas such as giving instructions, coaching, counseling, and assessing performance (Cousins, 2004). I would also supervise interns as a way of giving back to the profession. Supervision would allow me to develop the profession by participating in the training of future social workers. My experience with an intern would have a profound influence on my s
Executive summary Comparisons of Yahoo Inc and other web based search engine companies have been made. Yahoo Inc has times been accused of sleeping on the job by failing to utilize the booming of internet technology. As a result, the performance of the company has been wanting over the last five years until it adopted a new business direction as indicated by a new company vision statement. These kinds of strategies demonstrate what is expected of companies competing on the edge. They have to contend with unpredictability in the market usually defined as a borderline between order and chaos. Introduction This is definitely one f the most common brand names in the World Wide Web. Since its inception in 1995, the company has registered very impressive growth both in terms of revenue and profits and in company portfolio and product range. In my fulfillment of my module, MGMT20112, I am required to carry out a study of Yahoo Inc about the corporate strategies that the company employs. The company is analyzed from a perspective of competing on the edge. Much of these strategies have been studied in theory in class and therefore this report discusses the corporate strategies in practice at Yahoo Inc and aligns them to the studied corporate strategy models. In this context, we take Lagnevik (2003) definition of strategy as the business direction adopted by the management in achieving its long and short term objectives as stated in the company’s mission and vision statement. Industry overview Internet based companies have increased over the last decade as facilitated by the invention of the World Wide Web and the internet. Companies such as yahoo and Google have become synonymous with the web. Their strong brand names have made it hard to alienate the World Wide Web searching industry from the two main players in the industry. Revenue in this field in predominantly obtained from online advertising due to the wide reach of the web. Technologic growth and product innovativeness in the industry has been the core driver of this industry relying heavily on advertisement for their revenue generation. As of 2008, the global market search engine market was as shown below U.S. Core Search Engines by Search Share, July 2008                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Core Search Entity                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        June 2008 (%)  July 2008 (%)  Point Change   Total core search
Health information exchange (HIE) is created to mobilize the health care data in electronic format. HIE strives to gather and unite medical information across healthcare organizations in towns, cities, and regions. Health information exchange enables hospital systems to move and exchange clinical data with each other. This way, clinical agencies can quickly receive and send data to facilitate effective work. It is essential to look at the sustainability of this system and examine the advantages and disadvantages of health information exchange for medical organizations and their patients. First of all, it is vital to determine the importance of the HIE system. For instance, the case with Memorial Hospital of Manchester speaks about failed information exchange due to conventional methods. Paper documents are transferred hard and for a long time, which undermines the effectiveness of the treatment of the patient. In addition, medical workers can lose these documents or confuse them, so it becomes hard to identify the patient and the disease history. These conventional ways of transferring information can be challenging to convert to electronic format to establish a compelling work of HIE systems. However, many clinical organizations strive to shift to a health information exchange system because it is more convenient than usual paperwork. Health information exchange would facilitate the organization in clinical agencies due to its legerity. There are multiple policies and procedures, communication models, and stakeholders’ diversity (Rhodes, 2006). HIE allows medical workers to access essential medical information quickly because of an electronic format. It also has many advantages, such as availability, facility, and efficiency (Zhuang et al., 2020). This system enables clinical organizations to improve public health monitoring, creates a potential opportunity for receiving feedback between medical agencies, and reduces costs for unnecessary paperwork. However, there are some doubts about health information exchange in practice. HIE structures deal with confidential information and security issues. Initially, this system was described as an ambiguous and obscure definition that deals with many problems, duties, and rights (Rhodes, 2006). To some extent, this can be true because those that are responsible for implementing HIE into medical systems should be able to handle multiple human rights laws, regulations, and stakeholders. Moreover, it is known that various networks can be hacked, and the breakout of private information might happen. It is also important to note that web systems can crash; the data will not be transmitted if the connection is not available. Participants of any medical organization with an implemented health information exchange network should acquire and follow a particular set of rules (Lenert & McSwain, 2020). For instance, all participants of the HIE structure should stick to one policy and create standard practices for the efficient work of this system. It should
Introduction Walter Lee is the only protagonist and antagonist at the same time in A Raising in the Sun. As the play opens, Walter comes out conspicuously due to his ideologies concerning the money the Youngers are about to receive from an insurance firm as life insurance policy for the deceased Mr. Youngers. Every person in the Youngers family has a different idea on how they should spend the money. Mama, the mother of the house wants to buy a house for the family. Beneatha, Youngers’ daughter wants to pay for her school tuition using part of the money. Ruth, Walter’s wife, supports the idea of buying a house for the family because this would mean better future life for her son Travis. On the other hand, Walter seems to have a dream for the family. He wants to invest the money in a joint liquor store and co-own it with his acquaintances. This notion of investing for the sake of the family paints Walter as a responsible person; however, his undertakings are poor, exposing his immaturity and gullibility. Nevertheless, with time, he beats all these challenges to become the foundation of this family. Walter Lee Younger Character Analysis As aforementioned, Walter is the most outstanding character in this play. He is Travis’ cherishing dad, Ruth’s noncompliant hubby, Mama’s boy, and Beneatha’s combatant brother. As the play opens, he fights with nearly every one around him. In Act one, Travis is asking for fifty cents required in school; however, as Ruth tries to explain to Travis how they do not have it, Walter comes from nowhere and gives Travis one dollar. This shows Walters blatant immaturity. A dollar is a lot of money compared to the required fifty cents. Moreover, disapproving Ruth in front of Travis is contemptuous and immature. He then confronts Beneatha and tells her that she should just forget her medicine course for it would cut into the cheque from the insurance firm. It emerges that the one dollar that Walter had given Travis was meant for his transport. The fact that he gives his transport money knowing that he has to travel to work echoes his immaturity. Act one scene II, opens with Walter fighting Beneatha for no reason. He promises Willy; his friend and imminent business collaborate that he will take money to him immediately. This promise is immature; Walter knows very well that getting the money to invest in his business remains a point of contention, yet he promises Willy that he would take the money. That evening when he comes home, Walter is only interested in talking about his business contrives. Ruth wants to talk about her pregnancy; however, this does not bother Walter. He is so engrossed in his business plans that he does not care whether Ruth aborts or not. As a mature responsible father and husband, Walter should address this issue but he chooses to overlook everything, this is immaturity. After Mama announces that she has paid down payment on the family house, Walter cannot believe it and he accuses his mother of betraying him and t
Introduction During the 15th century, various schools of art have evolved independently from one another, due to distances, religious separation, political reasons, and historical circumstances. While numerous subjects and themes in the art of different European regions and countries were found, the purpose behind them was often different. This tendency is highlighted when comparing Italian and Netherlands’ paintings, as the regions have had very little influence and contact with one another during the early and High Renaissance period. If we compare the art and techniques of Masaccio – an early Renaissance artist famous for his fresco, The Holy Trinity, with the work of Jan van Eyck and his most famous work – a triptych titled The Dresden Triptych, it is possible to note that Italian Renaissance-period art is aimed to revive antiquity, whereas Netherlands’ art is a direct evolution from medieval paintings. Analysis Masaccio was an Early Renaissance artist famous for pioneering the one-point linear perspective, which is a technique that uses vertical and diagonal lines in order to converge on the viewer and give an impression of depth and dimension to a flat painting (Raynaud 2016). This technique was later implemented in many other Italian masterpieces, the most famous one being The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci (Raynaud 2016). Masaccio’s frescos were drawn on stone and had an emphasis on realism in accordance with the traditions of Renaissance, which sought the rebirth of art as it were in antiquity, particularly during the times of the Roman Empire. The purpose of using the one-point linear perspective was to create an illusion that the fresco was actually an installation at the Chapel, in order to increase the viewer’s immersion. The effect is very realistic, especially when the viewer is standing at the point of convergence of all the lines, which is at the base of the Cross, on which Jesus is crucified (Raynaud 2016). Jan van Eyck’s art, on the other hand, has much in common with medieva
Bexson, L 2011, The ultimate betrayal female child sex offenders: An exploration of theories, media representations and the role of the internet in relations to female perpetrators of child sexual abuse , Bachelor Thesis, Nottingham Trent University. The purpose of Laura Besxon’s dissertation is to examine the motives that prompted some females to perpetrate child abuse. Additionally, the author examines how journalists tend to portray these women. The author argues that the representatives of mass media pay more attachment to sexual offenses committed by women (Bexson 2011, p. 20). This argument is relevant to my research which is also supposed to examine the media portrayal of sex offenders. This situation can be explained by the gender stereotypes according to which women are “innately protective and caring toward children” (Bexson 2011, p. 2). The author believes that gender stereotypes play an important role because similar crimes committed by men do not attract the same attention and hostility. The scholar relies on library-based research, namely content analysis. This technique is suitable when it is necessary to study a series of publications on a certain topic. She examines a wide range of journals, textbooks, websites, newspapers, and other publications (Bexson 2011, p. 20). Laura Besxon ensures objective evaluation of media reports by selecting articles from various newspapers (Bexson 2011). Therefore, this dissertation is reliable enough to be used in a research paper. The main strength of this source is that the writer combines valid theoretical models with a detailed study of primary sources. Yet, the scholar does not provide any quantitative evidence to substantiate her hypothesis. This is the main limitation of this dissertation. However, this source can be used as one of the starting points for the research, especially the theoretical discussion of gender stereotypes. Chiotti, J 2009, The “elusive” female sex offender: A quantitative content analysis of media exposure , PhD Thesis, Washington State University, Web. The main goal of Jennifer Chiotti’s dissertation is to determine whether the sexual crimes committed by women attract more attention from the mass media. Furthermore, the author attempts to understand whether the media portrayal of female sex offenders can be explained by the stenotypes about gender roles. These two questions are important for explaining journalists’ hostility toward female sex offenders. The topic of this dissertation is similar to the questions that I want to discuss. Jennifer Chiotti demonstrates that the media descriptions of female sex offenders can shape the policies related to such crimes. The scholar argu
Even though judges’ function is to hear cases and decide who is guilty, they can misbehave by themselves. It refers to those situations when these officials fail to follow the highest standards of professional conduct, leading to specific issues. In such cases, sanctions should be applied to judges, but many experts state that this practice is underutilized. Thus, the paper will explain that the necessity to sanction a judge depends on the type of their misconduct and describe how these measures should be implemented. It is possible to find different types of judges’ misconduct. Hartley et al. (2017) state that these wrongful practices include exhibiting prejudice in evidentiary rulings, aggravating or mitigating sentences, and accepting bribes. Simultaneously, it is reasonable to consider less impactful examples such as inexperience, harmful errors, court delays, and disparate sentences (Hartley et al., 2017). There is no doubt that these types of misconduct can imply different consequences, meaning that they should invoke appropriate sanctions. I believe that sanctions should be imposed in those cases when judges’ behavior affects decisions. For example, it refers to accepting bribes, modifying sentences, and expressing prejudice. It seems that establishing discipline commissions is an optimal strategy to punish judges because these bodies can monitor their activity and determine whether misconduct is present. Such commissions can also be effective in identifying whether sanctions are required for minor issues. In conclusion, sanctions are necessary when judges’ misconduct leads to severe consequences implying, for example, that a guilty individual can escape punishment. In this case, discipline commissions are suitable to oversee judges’ professional activity and implement sanctions. Furthermore, such bodies are helpful since they can draw attention to minor mistakes and determine whether they d