Introduction The emergence of the state of Communist China in 1949 was one of the most significant events of the 20th century and the Communist Revolution which led to its emergence is hailed as one of the most successful popular uprisings in recent world history. The Revolution ended with the declaration of the founding of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) by Mao on October 1, 1949. Sharma (1989) hails China’s 1949 revolution as one of the most authentic revolutions of the 20th century. This thought is confirmed by Meisner (1999) who asserts that few events in world history have had as positive an impact on the lives of people than the Maoist victory of 1949. Considering this huge significance of the revolution, this paper will set out to discuss the reasons behind the success of the Communist Revolution in China. Historical Overview Modern China traces its roots to the Manchu Revolution of 1911 which resulted in the fall of the rule of the Manchu dynasty. Following this, China became a republic and the leader of the revolution, Dr. Sun Yat Sen was appointed the president of China. Sun Yat’s party, the Kuomintang (KMT) formed the government which ruled over the next 2 decades. The Communist Party was established in China in 1921 with Mao Zedong as one of the founding members. At the onset, the relationship between the KMT and the Communists was cordial and the two worked together towards building the new Chinese Republic. In the lifetime of Sun Yat, the communist part of China and the KMT party worked in harmony and presented a united front. This United front came to an end following the death of Sun Yat in 1925. He was succeeded by Chiang Kai Shek who viewed the Communists as a threat. As a result of this perceived threat, Chiang Kai Shek’s regime threw the Communists out of the government and proceeded to imprison or exile the Communist leaders. The KMT party then banned the Communist Party from China and membership to it was criminalized. Following this dismissal from the KMT party which was beginning to become authoritarian, the Communist Party set out to regain power and restore China. The aim of the Party was to fight against the KMT so as to bring a communist Revolution in the Country. Reasons for the Success of the Communists Party The battle strategies employed by the communists also contributed to their success. When the communists under the leadership of Mao began to wage their campaigns against the KMT government forces, they were greatly disadvantaged. The KMT forces were larger and had better weapons and munitions (Raghunath, 1989). The communists employed guerilla warfare in their war against the better organized Guomindang forces. Following the defeat of Mao’s small peasant army in Hunan during the Autumn Harvest Uprising, Mao retreated to the mountainous region of Jianxi where he recruited troops from the peasant ranks and developed guerrilla warfare tactics. This tactics were highly effective since they drew the enemy forces into hostile countryside where they were destroyed by the peasant forces. The Communist Party set out to win the support of the peasants by promoting their interests and hence create a popular mass uprising. The rural