ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The development of the child’s personality and the formation of basic communication, social, cognitive, and other skills occur in childhood. From birth, people constantly gain new experience and learn to perceive the world according to how they see it. The first years of life play an essential role in this process. Initial skills are acquired and assimilated in this period, and necessary experience is gained. In order to analyze the characteristics of children’s development in the earliest period, it is possible to use a scholarly book by Robinson or rather use one of her book’s chapters. The basis of this research paper will be the chapter describing the origins and features of child development in the first year of life. The evaluation of information will help to highlight the main ideas proposed by the author and assess the importance of the study from the point of view of everyday life and the upbringing of children by parents. Main Ideas of the Chapter The chapter is devoted to studying the features of children’s development in the first year of their life and considering those skills that they can and should master during this period. Also, some ideas are given about what factors influence the formation of the baby. According to Robinson, imitation is considered one of the basic features inherent in children (91). The chapter provides a system that reflects the child’s skills in a certain month of the first ye
Marriage is a central institution that contributes to the development of the society and creates the basis for its further evolution. For this reason, its role in peoples lives could hardly be overestimated. However, in the last several decades the tendency towards the increase in the number of divorces could be observed (Warren). Sociologists are concerned about this issue because of its pernicious impact on communities and peoples relations. Therefore, the investigation conducted by researchers outline three most common causes for divorce which are leading at the moment: laziness, failed expectations, and financial difficulties (Meyer). In the majority of couples, these aspects result in the deterioration of relations and decreased attractiveness of partners. The fact is that people do not realize that marriage is a hard work and spouses should do their best to support each other and develop their relations. However, there is a misbelief that marriage will make people happy just because of its nature (Meyer). That is why men look for women who will care for them, and women look for men who will maintain a family and satisfy all their needs. Thus, husbands and wives are not ready to work on themselves and relations gradually deteriorate. This disillusionment becomes a hard challenge for spouses as their stereotypes become dismantled and they experience the failure of their expectations that becomes another cause for divorce. Indeed, disappointment related to high expectations along with the inability to achieve desired goals is among the three most popular reasons that make couples divorce. As stated above, every spouse has his or her vision of marriage and perspectives on male or female roles in relations. If these ideas are far from reality or too romanticized, individuals will face harsh life and suffer from the cognitive dissonance complicated by depression and other psychological problems (Warren). Furthermore, these issues might also result in the lack of motivation to work and earn money to maintain a marriage. As a result, households might experience significant financial troubles which, in their turn, become another popular cause for divorce. In fact, almost all young spouses face financial problems. Partners just start their long journey and do not have a stable income. That is why it becomes a severe trial for just-married couples. In case they both are ready to
The importance of jihad stems from the Quran’s instructions to the believers of Islam to struggle for the way of God and the example set by Prophet Muhammad and his followers. The general concept of jihad refers to the responsibility of all Muslims to obey God’s will. Jihad is one of the pillars of Islam 1 whose concept of struggle on the way to God can be traced back to the prophet and his men in the early days of Islam. According to this practice, all Muslims have an obligation to follow and fulfil God’s will, i.e. to live with virtues taught in the Quran and to spread the tenets and doctrine of Islam by way of preaching, educating, writing, and other ways to effectively spread the word. Jihad also means to fight against injustice and cruelty, to spread and defend the Islamic doctrine, and create a fair and just society. This can be done through preaching and teaching, by peaceful means or through armed resistance. Ever since Islam was founded, Muslims have rallied to defend their religion. (Esposito, 2010) There are two other meanings of Islam which can be violent or non-violent. It has been told through tradition that once when Muhammad and his men arrived from battle, he told them about the lesser and the greater jihad. The greater jihad is the nonviolent one which is about fighting one’s ego, selfish desires, greed and covetousness and above all evil. The greater jihad is the fight against the enemy inside; it is an ‘internal struggle’ (Kelsay, 1993). Contrary to beliefs of those who don’t really know and haven’t studied Islam, jihad is not the same as “holy war”. Some Muslim rulers use it, with the connivance of religious scholars, in legitimising expansion of empire. Terrorists and extremist groups use the concept of jihad to mislead people and their followers to legitimize terroristic acts, rebellion and killing. In the present times, terrorists use jihad as a way of God’s tolerance to terminate lives and opponents of Islam. False Islam preachers promote jihad to help them establish a global Islamic government. The earliest years of the Muslim tradition on the concept of jihad referred to the time when Muhammad and his people crossed from Mecca to Medina to escape persecution. Muhammad and the early Muslims had to defend themselves from aggressors. 2 Even in the actual conduct of war, there are guidelines for jihad. The Quran specifies who must fight and who are exempt from fighting, when the fighting has already stopped, and how to treat prisoners of war. Criteria for the “Lesser Jihad” Jihad is not just fighting for the spread of Islam. It must be justified and that it is for the defense of Islam. Some guidelines about jihad include: jihad cannot be promoted for material and personal gain; the rights of jihadists must be respected by all; the rights of the minority and vulnerable, such as women, children, a
Adolescents in the Media Despite a large variety of people who actively use social media as a platform for self-expression, some images and characters are ingrained, and certain ideas are formed about them. One of such categories, which is often described by using specific standardized tricks, is adolescents. When considering their type, it is possible to distinguish several varieties of teenager characters who are often displayed in the media and are easily identified by the regular users of the Internet and television. For instance, the image of a troubled adolescent who is unwilling to learn and prefers friends’ company to his family is often presented in various sitcoms and TV shows. In advertisements, on the contrary, it is possible to observe neat and educated teenagers who have fun with their parents. Regarding the Internet, there are different types; however, according to Koutamanis et al., a negative opinion prevails over a positive one, and numerous aggressive comments left by adolescents on social networks prove this argument (486). These images are known to the general public; therefore, most of them are probably realistic. Nevertheless, hyperbolization is certainly present to enhance the effect on the audience. Presented characters can correspond to real adolescents since the images are hardly taken from nowhere. The differences observed in these teenagers explain various temperaments and interests and based on the analysis of review in the media, it is possible to notice the orientation of images towards certain categories of viewers. For the youth audience, the image of a recalcitrant and stubborn teenager with bad manners is the norm, which is age-appropriate for adolescents. At the same time, a good upbringing and politeness are those features that adults appreciate, and such characters are designed to influence the older generation. On the whole, the typicality of images exists, and specific groups can be distinguished. Interview and Observation Discussion The interview and observation were a good experience for me, and I will be able to use this practice in the future as a basis for analyzing behavioral factors. As the subjects of evaluation, I chose a 7-year-old boy from a good family and a 14-year-old teenager who had some difficulties in communicating with his parents and was in his puberty. The easiest thing to do was to analyze the physical skills of the respondents, and the patterns of normative growth proposed by Steinberg et al. were the convenient means of assessment (182). The cognitive and emotional characteristics of the two subjects’ development required a deeper study; however, this process was entertaining since both participants were different and demonstrated distinctive skills. Regarding social factors, it was obvious that the adolescent experienced more serious difficulties than the 7-year-old boy, which was due to not only psychological but also physical nuances, for instance, hormonal disruption. When evaluating the experience of my peers, I can note that all the observations are accurate and interesting enough, which allows taking a fresh look at the process of i
Introduction to the Issue Domestic violence is now regarded as a dangerous epidemic deteriorating the development of communities and can have a negative effect on the progress of US society. It has been estimated that one in four American women has experienced domestic violence (Ragavan et al., 2018). At that, women are not the only victims of domestic violence as men, children, adolescents, and the elderly are often victimized (Costa et al., 2015). The predictors of domestic violence include unemployment, immigrant status, ethnicity, as well as family history (Ragavan et al., 2018). Although some programs and policies have been introduced, the issue is still rather burning, and effective solutions are yet to be developed. The outcomes of domestic violence are manifold and have adverse effects on the development of society. Children exposed to domestic violence often develop certain behavioral patterns and become victims or perpetrators (Fantuzzo, Mohr, & Noone, 2018). Domestic violence is related to some of the most serious public health concerns as people are injured or even killed, and they also develop various mental health conditions that have a negative impact on their social and personal life. One of the most significant issues related to domestic violence is the level of under-reporting, as many victims remain invisible (Fantuzzo et al., 2018). Cultural norms and psychological peculiarities of victims often make them conceal their victimization. Research Importance Therefore, it is essential to pay sufficient attention to the problem and implement continuous research exploring various aspects of the problem. It is necessary to address such spheres as economic, social, health-related, and educational among others. The prevalence of domestic violence in different states, cities, and neighborhoods should be continuously monitored. It is critical to make sure that the voices of all victims are heard (Fantuzzo et al., 2018). Although there is a substantial bulk of literature on factors contributing to the incidence of domestic violence, it is important to research the matter in terms of specific contexts and populations. Research is also instrumental in developing and evaluating programs and interventions aimed at reducing the incidence of domestic violence, helping victims, and preventing this public concern. Notably, the scientific method should guide the research as it will ensure the reliability of data and the development of effective preventive measures. Apart from the exploration of the problem, the development of correcting measures, the scientific method is applied to evaluate the effectiveness of created interventions. Every policy and program should be evaluated carefully to make sure that taxpayers’ money is allocated properly (Vedung, 2017). The implementation of sound research can help in addressing the problem and decreasing the incidence of domestic violence, which will contribute to the development of American society. Overview of the Scientific Method When implementing research, it is important to
The United Arab Emirates gained its independence in 1971, and since that time, this country has transformed into a diverse and cosmopolitan society, which is open to many cultural influences. To some degree, this outcome can be attributed to rapid economic development of the UAE and the influx of people who may represent diverse ethnic, religious, and cultural groups. Moreover, much attention should be paid to the willingness of the government to make the country attractive to foreigners, especially tourists and expatriates. These are the main details that should be examined more closely. Nowadays, the UAE is described as a country, which is “brimming over with modern skyscrapers and unique architecture” (Romano, 2004, p. 59). Nevertheless, during the colonial era, this country was inhabited by people who were engaged primarily in camel herding, pearling, and farming. It was inconceivable to many people that this region could turn into one of the largest tourist and economic centers in the world (Romano, 2004). Furthermore, there were not many foreigners in the country. Thus, the country was not very attractive to outsiders. These are some of the main issues that can be identified. Nevertheless, the development of oil industry changed the social, cultural, and demographic landscape of the UAE. Currently, this country attracts thousands of expatriates who may come from the United States, Europe, India, Southeast Asia, and many other regions of the world (Romano, 2004, p. 59). Additionally, the UAE appeals to many tourists. Overall, this cosmopolitanism manifests itself in various areas. For instance, tourists coming to the country can taste meals representing various cuisines (King, 2008, p. 129). In many cases, the landscape of UAE cities is similar to that one of American or European metropolises. Moreover, a person, who comes to the country, can hear people speaking English, German, French, and many other languages. Fifty years ago, this diversity could hardly be imagined. These are some of the major distinctions that can be identified. It is possible to say that the government of the country accepted new cultural trends because this policy was important for the sustainability of the society. This is one of the reasons why the UAE is a popular destination for tourists and expatriates who usually have very diverse backgrounds. However, one should keep in mind that people living in the UAE have been able to retain their unique identity. For example, it is necessary to mention that religious customs continue to play an important role in the life of the society. Furthermore, people’s clothing styles were not transformed even despite various foreign influences. Overall, the culture of the UAE is aimed at “creating a pleasing mixture of the old and the new” (King, 2008, p. 104). One can say that this tendency is very likely to persist in the future since in this way, the UAE can retain the status of an economic and tourist center. On the whole, this discussion suggests that the UAE exemplifies dramatic cultural and social
Through the planning of the strategic plan, various parties were involved, and the management of the hospital gave the go-ahead in compiling this strategy. The long-term employees at the hospital provided information on the development of the facility since its establishment. The researcher questioned the Patients to give the diseases they have had in their history and the most pertinent one that had to lead them to their admission to the facility. Records in the archives provided critical information in forecasting the bed required in the future to meet the need of those who come to the nursing home. The researcher surveyed the emerging trends in the environment to help formulate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that may influence the unit. Organization/ Unit Vision Statement The vision of the nursing home unit is to be a preference for customers who require high-quality health care in the most elaborate of ways. The Team also seeks to work in unity with the patients and the community as large to ensure that in the next three years the nursing home unit has expanded considerably to cater to more needs of senior citizens. Organization/ Unit Mission Statement The mission of the nursing home is to provide health care to the senior citizens in the community through offering admission beds in twelve days. The core values are to ensure that a team of the highest quality and honesty in delivering services attends to all. Organization Core Values It will be possible to accomplish the mission of the unit through the keen concentration and commitment of the facility management, the supervisor in the nursing home unit, and the staff at large in a caring environment that will bring the following fundamental values into focus:   * Providing an accurate moral compass   * Honesty in delivering health services and care   * Quality in the nursing services provided   * Embracing the diversity of individuals by providing nursing services to all Overview of the Organization The Medical facility has an estimated patient population of 300,000 visits. The facility is on 28 acres with an attached nursing home and was opened in 1970 to provide general medical-surgical and psychiatric services. It serves as an AIDS/HIV center, a
Introduction Security is said to be a controversial concept and is often defined with political overtones and it is seen that the political leaders opt to define security in whatever suits their motives. After the Cold war where there were changes in various spheres and the concept of security was also changed and it was beginning to be defined in terms of ‘non-military challenges. Moreover, the issue of encountering and fulfilling the ‘basic needs and aspirations of the African people is also of central concern when it comes to the discussion of human security and health in Africa. Despite the new concern granted in favor of the African people the country has been ignored owing to the ‘traditional imperatives of state interests, power, military force, and geopolitical instability and the notion of security has not achieved the interpretation of humanity and developmental features. Research Objective This paper seeks to use the broadening and deepening of security parameters as defined by discourses on human security to demonstrate the impact of child and maternal health of Sub-Saharan Africans on human security as it has direct implications in terms of quantity and quality. This paper will lay the groundwork for discussing health, examining the definition of human security and how health in Sub-Saharan Africa is a human security issue. Moreover, the role of the communities, governments, and the developing world is analyzed. The researcher employs field research for the provision of the context for human security in Africa. Research Questions   * How the human security is related to health in Sub-Saharan Africa?   * What are the factors that weaken the relationship? Research Methodology The research makes use of secondary sources to explore the impact of child and maternal health of the Sub-Saharan Africans on human security. The secondary sources include books, journal articles, etc. Moreover, the researcher uses the field research done on Ethiopia to interpret the relationship between health and human security in Africa clear. Research Analysis Aim and objective of Human Security Human security aims to help people against threats or illnesses. As soon as the Sub-Saharan African countries gained independence they engaged in multifarious conflicts which also asserted profound impact on ‘maternal and child health’ and the ratio of demise as a consequence of ‘malnutrition’ has increased to a perilous extent. Although one of the African leaders, Kwame Nkrumah, ushered, in 1954, for his aim to make the Gold Coast a paradise once they obtain independence but he, along with the others narrowed the notion of paradise to take the legal matters of the country in one’s hands only while he ignored the health perspective. The most important of all tasks, that of building a ‘prosperous society’ was utterly ignored. The shift of interest towards Health Care
This post is an excellent example of a properly balanced and informative text. To begin with, the author clearly states the benefits they received after completing the last class of their BSN journey. They mention both the advantages and struggles of their studies, which identifies them as an honest person who is not afraid to admit that school has been grueling at times. At the same time, the student states that they have become more personally and professionally developed and explains how exactly. Instead of being more task-oriented like AND nurses, the author now has the needed set of BSN skills and can focus on a patient in a bigger picture (“Earning a bachelor of science in nursing,” 2020). What I also like about this post is that the student provides clear facts and relevant references for them. For example, when arguing the necessity and importance of having a bachelor of science in nursing and being a lifelong learner, which is also the post’s major strength, the author provides statistics that demonstrate a specific correlation between nurses’ education level and patient mortality (Aiken et al., 2014). Finally, this post’s good word choice takes this text to a higher level and makes it much more comfortable to read. However, the disadvantage of this post is the structure of most sentences. When reading, I personally found it rather difficult to stay focused because the sentences were unnecessarily long, and many of them should have been split into two or three. However, it may be completely appropriate and understandable for some people; that is why this drawback does not lower the significance and professionalism of this post. The author of this post starts their discussion with a clear distinction between Ph.D- and DNP-prepared nurses, mentioning the difference between their focus. In other words, the former is aimed at discovering new knowledge, while the latter see their goal in its successful application (Gaines, 2019). Precisely stating this difference is the main advantage of this post, allowing the author to explain how they choose between these equally essential Doctoral Degrees. As for the choice itself, it is also great that the student admits that either of the selected degrees will make a significant difference for the person in the nursing profession, as well families, patients, and communities. Further, the student explains their own choice in favor of DNP and provides several reasons for that. To begin with, the author wants to have a more robust and closer connection with the patients, which is the feature of DNP nurses (Hazell, n.d.). As for me, I find it rather essential that the student mentions their desire to care about people, give them hope, and develop both personal and family approaches. I believe that it is such people who make healthcare more supportive. The