ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The United States has positioned itself as the global super power following the end of the Second War and Cold War. By 1950, the United States remained as the only nation capable of acting as a mediating party as a result of the disintegration of the Soviet Union. This changing geopolitical environment gave the United States the role in supporting emerging nations in search of democratic constitutions, focus their attention towards neutral regions, took pivotal roles in international peace initiatives and treaties and supported nations ruined by the Second World War to build infrastructure and gain economic stability. In the current global political and economic setup, United States has played a critical role in the promotion of free trade, deterrence in the development of nuclear weapons and enhancement of international security. The promotion of free trade has been precipitated the emergence of China as a global power. According to Stanley Foundation (1) “the United States and the People’s Republic of China are eyeing each other somewhat uneasily across the Pacific, each unsure of the other’s ultimate regional and global aspirations and the implications for national security.” The decades of peace in the world has ignited the reaction of the United States to respond with renewed push for missile defense and military modernization. The role of the United States has thus shifted to rely on unilateral decisions to international disputes. These have defined the new challenges that the United States has had to confront in the current geopolitical nature of the world.
Introduction Healthcare fraud has become a menace to most enforcement entities in the US. In an attempt to shield wasteful spending of taxpayer money, enforcement of the healthcare law has become a priority. Task forces have been set up to curb this menace. Culprits of healthcare rackets include practitioners in the medical field and owners of healthcare firms. Our feature case is “US government vs. US Occupational Healthcare Corp” (FBI par 35). Description of the organization “US Occupational Healthcare Corp” is a United States healthcare firm. Its main premises are located at 205 West Randolph Street, Suite 720, Chicago, and Illinois (FBI par 36). This healthcare firm performs medical examinations. The tests conducted incorporate x-rays, pulmonary processes, and electrocardiography checks. Medical entities with appropriate specialists carry out analyses on the results. Charges filed The US government, represented by Rick Young filed charges against “US Occupational Health”. The charges alleged that the firm had deliberately deceived Chicago City into believing that they forwarded test results to a credible medical body for analysis. Chicago city authority had fallen prey to the Healthcare firm’s deception and believed the deal was being conducted accordingly. In reality, “US Occupational health” had illegally stamped their test results with signatures obtained from credible medical entities with a relevant specialist to perform the needed analysis. The deal to conduct detailed tests on Police and Fire department worker was awarded to US Occupational Health. Testing of employees was to begin in September 1999 and was to last for two years. The agreement only permits three one-year extensions. Despite the deal coming to a
Introduction Marketing is one of the most important managerial functions in every business. It helps companies to communicate their value propositions to the existing and potential customers. In the contemporary business environment, customer relationship management (CRM) has emerged as one of the most essential marketing roles. As competition intensifies in most industries, businesses are increasingly finding it difficult to attract and retain new customers. Consequently, the focus has shifted to retaining the existing customers. Loyalty is fundamental in retaining existing customers. Hence, most companies are adopting loyalty programs. Implementing these programs involves rewarding customers for making repeat purchases or shopping from the same firm. The rewards include prizes, discounts, cash and reward points among others. Traditionally, loyalty programs were implemented through point-based systems in which customers earned redeemable points for their purchases. However, the emergence of e-commerce has prompted a shift to internet-based loyalty programs. In this case, companies use their websites to run the programs. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the application of internet-based loyalty programs in the context of the hospitality industry. The components of loyalty programs, as well as, their use in CRM and marketing will be highlighted. Practical Application How Loyalty Programs Add Value and Fit into CRM Empirical studies indicate that the hospitality industry is leading in the use of loyalty programs in the US. This trend is attributed to the intense competition that characterizes the industry. Besides, some segments of the industry such as hotels, normally, depend on seasonal demand. Hence, the need to implement loyalty programs becomes apparent. In this context, loyalty programs create value in the following ways. To begin with, the programs help in increasing the frequency of purchases. The main objective of loyalty programs is to ensure that customers buy from the same company as frequent as possible. Customers tend to feel appreciated when they are rewarded for their purchases. Besides, rewards such as discounts have real economic benefits to the customers. Thus, a loyalty program that offers real benefits is likely to increase sales and revenue. For instance, fast-food restaurants often reward their frequent patrons with free meals in order to ensure loyalty and high sales. Loyalty programs play a fundamental role in building a comprehensive database that contains accurate and relevant information about purchasing behavior. The programs capture
Introduction in Essay One of Junot Díaz’s works is the essay The Dreamer , which tells the reader about the story of his mother. The essay is written in such a way as to show the unusual, difficult and stubborn life of a person who tries his best to realize his dreams. It is necessary to analyze this essay from the point of view of identifying the protagonist in order to understand what artistic tools Diaz uses to represent the protagonist’s personality. The Protagonists’ Characteristics The protagonist of the work is the author’s mother, whose actions, in turn, are analyzed by the writer. The girl tries to fight the hardships of life, going towards her dream of becoming a nurse. The seven-year-old heroine herself, due to her age, does not perceive herself as a person going through great hardships and having a very determined character (Diaz, 2012). She has a dream, which she wants to fulfill so much that she is not ready to leave in the face of possible difficulties. Representation of Culture As for the culture of the heroine, she is presented in the book as oppressed. This is well illustrated by the author herself, showing the long and many attempts to learn English, which failed. As an innocent little child, she found the strength to “kneel beside a stagnant puddle of water, put her mouth in it and drink deeply” and call the police, who “handcuffed her [mother]” in order to be free to do what she wanted (Diaz, 2012). This description indicates that the heroine had to cope not only with hardship, but also with neglect and mistrust from society, as well as a certain amount of oppression. The heroine became free, but she was not born. In addition, the sad ending is that the girl never reached her dream, despite her best efforts. This, again, shows that the heroine’s right to do what she wants to do, to get the profession she needs. This is not shown in a straightforward way, but through indirect descriptions. Writing Language Díaz’s writing language is extraordinary, the meaning is hidden between the lines. In other words, the writer is not trying to tell a moral or to express a thought through text. The main theme of the work is how Junot Diaz’s character and his mother’s story influenced him, made him become strong and not give up on what he wanted. In other words, the central message of the essay is the idea that nothing in the world is impossible, but there are many people who give up or do not believe in themselves. The author emphasizes that he kept trying and succeeded, as did his mother, so others can do it too. Epithets and speech patterns are another important way to convey the message and atmosphere of the story. Through colorful descriptions of emotion, feelings, and the world around him, the reader can experience a happy or a cruel moment. Díaz is skillful in the choice of words, for example, when describing the girl’s attempts to learn English, not only recounting the process, but also characterizing the mental state of the heroine. Conclusion In conclusion, it should be noted that the structure of the book is confusing because it includes commentary by the author. Together with these
Africans in the north and the south reacted to colonialism with a lot of resistance. For this reason, they started their struggle for independence. The lives of the Africans were affected by the aftermath of the war of independence. The Africans had been enslaved in their own countries. The colonialists had deceived the Africans that colonialism would put an end to slavery although it was not the case. Quite a number of activities and events occurred during the period of their search for independence. Those people who supported colonialism for the Africans had reported that Africans were ready to be colonized. To some extent, this strategy worked. When they were colonized, it marked the end of the war between the Africans in the south and those from the north. Several wars were fought by the Africans before they gained their independence and freedom (Higginbotham 84). The colonists had conquered the Africans’ efforts of trying to resist colonization. By the end of the First World War; all Africans were under colonial rule. During this period of time, the Africans remained at peace with the colonists before the struggle started again. They had a number of grievances that they wanted the colonists to address urgently. For instance, the Africans were not happy with the prejudice and bias that they received from the white colonial masters. This resistance came mostly from the Africans who were educated since they had better understanding of the effects of colonialism to Africans (Conway 76). When the Africans obtained their freedom, several things changed in their favor. The slaves were now given equal opportunity in their countries. They were also no longer treated inhumanely and discrimination cases were taken as criminal offences. The slaves were free at last. They formed organizations and unions that fought for their rights. South African National Congress and the West African National Congress were some of the organizations that ensured that the rights of the Africans were observed to the letter. The slaves also enjoyed their freedom of worship and practiced any type of religion of their choice. African priests and clergy wanted religious discrimination to be stopped. Hence, it became a reality
The legal system has been developing under the influence of various sciences. The role of psychology should not be underestimated in this respect. Psychology focuses on studying and analyzing human behavior. It investigates essential motives for crime commitments. Knowing human nature makes it possible to understand the reasons for crimes, fairly judge, and prevent them. The process of jury selection has always been a controversial issue. Although some of the methods used by psychologists are regarded as unethical, they comprise an integral part of the jury selection process as far as they represent different psychological concepts for a reasonable choice of jurors. The trial by jury exemplifies the way citizens of the country or state take part in the judicial system. Such a system represents the democratic approach to the legal system where people handle verdicts. Some scholars argue that trial by jury is not the right method of law proceedings. People can be biased, prejudiced, or mere emotionally predisposed to make wrong decisions (Greene & Heilbrun, 2013). Many kinds of research have been conducted to explore the truth concerning the jury’s decision-making. This legal tradition is already deep-rooted. Thus, the problem of the jury’s choice arose. Psychologists often serve as consultants in this process. They employ various concepts to find the most appropriate representatives. The community survey is one of the concepts used by psychologists to choose jurors. Very often, courts apply to forensic psychologists asking them to conduct an investigation of the possible jury. According to Fulero and Wrightsman (2008), a community survey is aimed at defining whether the person has some prejudices concerning the guilt of the defendant. Usually, the court offers a considerable payment for the community study. Thus, the consultant investigates two different communities — the target one, and the other community from the distant region and compares their levels of bias and knowledge. One more survey is known as voir dire. It is one of the most well-known approaches. Psychologists use their knowledge to analyze the voir dire concept from another perspective. During t
Introduction A foreign influx in workplaces is increasing at an alarming rate. This influx has led to a cultural mix in workplaces around the world. Additionally, the influx has led to an enhanced focus on cross-cultural communication. Consequently, the business environment has encompassed numerous cultures around the globe. However, understanding appropriate behavior before individuals from different cultures has been challenging for businesses. Because of cultural diversity, people use different means to reach a common goal. However, the means used sometimes infringe on other people’s cultural beliefs. This paper will take two quizzes, which are aimed at improving cultural understanding. The paper will also examine the significance of cultural awareness to managers (Burman, 2010). Quizzes are taken and results/reaction I took two quizzes intending to assess my cultural awareness. The first quiz was on general issues of cultural awareness. The quiz on general awareness emphasized ISO language codes. The quiz contained 10 questions that asked about ISO language codes of different countries. Results were astounding because I had not paid close attention to the specific countries in regards to codes for languages. The score was 9 out of 10. The wrong answer was on ISO language code (ar) whose correct answer was Arabic. I also took another quiz on cross-cultural interactions. The second quiz contained 7 questions, which were based on different cultures around the world. I scored 6 out of 7 on the second quiz. However, it is necessary to note that my answers were accommodative to cultural tolerance. In essence, my decision to advocate for cultural tolerance was essential in enabling me to pass these quizzes (Kwintessential (2013). My strengths in intercultural awareness My strength in passing the quizzes was based mainly on my decision to advocate for cultural tolerance. For instance, the second quiz explored cultural differences in many countries. Visitors or new employees from foreign countries experienced most of the issues on cultural differences. Cultural tolerance was influential in most of my decisions to choose the answers given. This is evident in the question of an Argentinean employee who was to present to executives upon arrival in a foreign country. However, the executives decided that he should be given more time to rest before he presents to them. Conversely, he insisted on doing the presentation even after the executives pleaded with him to wait. In the end, it was realized that the executives were not interested in his presentation. Cultural tolerance would have deemed it fit to relax and prepare well for the presentation even if he felt prepared. My weaknesses in intercultural
According to Lidwell, Holden and Butler (2003, p.76), the resultant effect of every action is an equivalent and opposite reaction. This means that effecting change one factor affects another factor which in turn affects the first factor. This culminates into creation of a feedback loop. Lidwell, Holden and Butler (2003, p.77) asserts that all systems in the real world are made up of numerous interacting feedback loops. Feedback loops are categorized into positive and negative loops. Lidwell, Holden and Butler (2003, p. 78) further assert that positive feedback loop are important in the firms’ process of implementing change. However, positive feedback loops can result into negative effects if not restrained by negative loops. On the other hand, negative feedback loops in a given system resist change from occurring. Both the positive and negative loops are important in the firm’s process of operation. This arises from the fact that they aid in maintaining equilibrium. Considering the interdependence between the positive and negative feedback loops, firm’s management team realize that they must consider all the elements in an organization when implementing change. Balancing loops Desire to develop high quality products According to Denton (2002), a balancing loop refers to any action which is aimed at moving a firm from its current states to a particular desired stated. Balancing loop is considered to be one of the fundamental components of organizational structures and systems (Bellinger, 2004, para. 1). In its operation, there are a number of balancing loops which can be identified at Palm Inc. An example of such a balancing loop relates to the firm’s objectives. In its operation, Palm’s goal is to improve the quality of its mobile device products. In order to achieve this, the firm intends to develop a mobile device brand which is characterized by a high degree of innovation and also which is intuitive. In order to achieve this, the firm’s management team has integrated various learning activities. One of the ways through which this is attained arises from the collaboration of individuals at various levels such as the organizational level, group level and individual level. This enhances creation of knowledge within the organization. For example, in the process of developing new product, the concept of group dynamic is integrated. The new product development team is composed of individuals from different departments. In addition, learning opportunity is also attained through training at various levels. For example, the firm trains its wireless carriers on various characteristics of its products. This ensures that the consumers are conversant on how to use the products (Rubinstein & Jeffries, 2009, p. 8). In its domestic market, the firm’s brands have atta
Introduction The Creation of Adam is a painting that belongs to the renaissance era. This work is Michelangelo’s fresco Sistine chapel ceiling, which is circa done in the year1508-1512. The work was done in the Sistine Chapel of Vatican in Rome (Hartt 56). This painting was selected because of the way it expresses the relationship between God and man, through the first man. A lot of interest lies in the gap that exists between the fingers of God and those of Adam, which are reaching one another for a kind of inspirations. The Creation of Adam painting is the most notable as can be seen in the frescoes of the Sistine chapel (Pietrangeli et al. 286). This painting places God at an iconic position as can be seen in the hands reaching each other. The painting is an illustration of biblical creation as can be found in the book of genesis. This painting was the fourth among the ones that traced the episodes on creation at the beginning, which were present in the ceiling of Sistine. Monalisa by Leornado da Vinci is the only painting that rivals the Creation of Adam by Michelangelo (Hartt 59).The image portrayed touching hands of Adam and God, and has led to countless parodies and imitations. The languid Adam of Michelangelo was modeled in the form of the Door of Paradise by Ghiberti where he was trying to portray the creation of Eve. Michelangelo has heavily borrowed from the version of Jacopo della Quercia found in the portal of San Petronio, Bologna. Michelangelo uses the enlarged figure of Adam and God in this painting so as to show the points of focus to the viewers. In the Creation of Adam , a white bearded man depicts God, who is wrapped in a cloak and Adam is at the lower left. God outstretches his right arm to give life from his finger into the first man. Adam on the other hand stretches his left arm and poses to mirror God. This is to remind men that they are created in the likeness and image of God (Gen 1:26, NIV). The painting also creates suspense when the fingers of God and man are not in contact although they are close to each other. This implies that God who is the giver of life is reaching out to man and man is receiving in return. There is a person protected by the left arm of God and according to my own analysis it is a feminine figure in appearance. The feminine person could be a female angel. The painting generally depicts how God created man in his own image and Michelangelo might have been inspired by a medieval hymn by the name veni creator spiritus, which asks the faithful speech to be given by the finger of the right hand of the father. In the Creation of Adam , 1508-1512, there is a short distance between Adam and God. This short distance makes the work dynamic and impressive. The space between fingers and not fingers is the focal point of the painting according to my analysis. Michelangelo used this gas meticulously in the renowned fresco. In the Creation of Ad
Introduction As humans face their day to day life experiences, several mental health issues or behavioral problems are bound to incessantly occur. Quite a number of children are victims of family violence and this causes them to be at a risk of social complications and mental disarrays including anger, suicidal intentions, depressions and awareness dearth hyperactivity disorders (ADHD). Other cases include drug addiction, eating disorders, learning disabilities or work related complications that may befall adults. Equine Assisted Psychotherapy also known as EAP is a form of psychotherapy which cartels horses and psychotherapy to help restore self-esteem, trust, personal confidence as well as group-cohesion in people with the above issues (Schultz et al., 2007). This yearns to gauge what EAP entails, its correlation with other forms of equine therapies, how it is done and its use in assisting people with various difficulties. Definition EAP is the teaming up of human certified therapists and horses with the common goal of helping people who have succumbed to mental health problems, relationship complications, lack of life skills, grievance, loss, ADHD or short temper. EAP is also used to aid those who desire to focus on their own professional development (Jaleh, 2010). In fact, horses are used because of their prey-animal instincts that allow them make quick and precise assessment of their surroundings thus responding appropriately. They have incredible insight in comprehending