ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Fiero analyzes some issues related to modernism and tradition. In his 2011 book about Humanistic Tradition, he gives a broader definition of both the Age of Modernism and the Age of Pluralism (Fiero, 2011). According to Fiero, the age of pluralism comes before the age of modernism and falls within the period of late twentieth century to mid twenty first century. In the period, life is a little more backward as compared to modern day civilization. Man tries to understand his surroundings. With colonial rule still eminent in some parts of the universe, man is still struggling with identity issues. Conflicts that arise from the same are very rampant. Regions are still closed and the universe appears literally bigger than it actually is. Animosity still rules with people having divided opinions. This is arguably the reason as to why it is referred to as the age of pluralism. One region is Africa, another, America and so on and so forth. Other regions are identified in terms of race with whites assuming that they are superior. Studies show that they are interested in keeping their superiority forever. Later on, as the century progresses, movements from various parts of the world begin to take baby steps in opposing the status quo. This characterizes the beginning of a major transition that is bound to rock the entire universe and make the world a global village. Developments that gave birth to modern day civilization kicked off in some parts of the universe as the century concluded but the world is yet to appreciate the fact that change is in the horizon. The age of modernism is the time that herald the age of pluralism. It is characterized by major scientific inventions, with cultural changes being evident. This period brings change that its predecessor had only hinted. The period, which constitutes this age, is not known but it begins from mid twenty first century to date, with predictions of its continuity and finality still not known. Life in this period could be termed as both easy and difficult. The whole world has seamlessly turned out to be a global village just as depicted in the pluralism age. With a click of a button, one accesses various parts of the world that are millions of miles away. Harvie Christopher puts it in his 1994 book, The rise of regional Europe, that technological innovations have succeeded in unifying the whole world (Harvie, 1994). However, not all is rosy. For those who stay in the other side of the digital divide, the world is as big as it was at creation time. This applies also applies to those who believe in creation theory. Villages in major parts of Africa and Asia fall within this c
The main scope of my motor observation report was to monitor the process of teaching children the basic motor skills that were necessary for playing basketball. The method that teacher employed were premised on drilling and practicing simple skills to develop them into more sophisticated. At the very beginning of the lesson, the coach told children to dribble by controlling and coordinating ball movements. Hence, children had to dribble the ball at different levels, as well overcome the barriers. In such a way, children learnt both to control ball directions and their own travelling. Concentration and coordination were also the skills that were gained through this activity because children had to distribute their attention in order not to lose the ball and balance their movements. The second exercise involved dribbling to the music. Children had to listen to the music and control the ball movements. In such a manner, they could learn how to stabilize or speed up the ball while listening to the rhythm. It also trained children’s ability to perform two activities on the spot. The next practice focused on training object control and stabilization by exchanging balls with partners. Hence, the task of the children was to direct the ball toward his/her partner and take control of the ball addressed to him. At the very beginning, children did not succeed in focusing on the coach’s tasks because their attention was paid on coordinating their movements so that they could both control the ball and overcome the barriers. However, further practicing allowed children to listen to the coach’s advices to improve the performance. Even though some children were not able to perform at the first time, coach constantly encouraged them. In case a mistake was made, the coach strived to explain how to correct the situation and improve skills. Children were looking at coach to find any sign of approval and disapproval of their actions. In response, the coach was trying to react to each of the children’s actions and improvements to make them sure that they were making progress. At the same time, the coach told children to concentrate on the drilling and practicing of every movement rather than on constant seeking for his approval. During the practice activities, both children were trying to follow teacher’s advice, but his remarks were effective only during the actual process of practicing, but not after the instructions had been given. Probably, most of the children gained a deeper understanding of the activity through personal experience. After ten minutes of dribbling, children start improving their skills. Children successfully react to coach’
Introduction In the modern world, software plays a pivotal role in a variety of organizations. This makes the problem of software security paramount, for disruptions and hacker attacks may pose significant risks to numerous stakeholders. This paper considers the pros and cons of commercial off-the-shelf software when it comes to security risks; discusses the benefits and drawbacks of using the Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation; and offers an integrated perspective when it comes to considering the purchase of commercial off-the-shelf software via the prism of security standards. Strengths and Weaknesses of COTS Software: Security Issues Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software is software that is sold ready-made and is often offered to the wide public (Merkow & Raghavan, 2010). It can be contrasted with custom-made software, which is often utilized by organizations. On the whole, COTS software is associated with a number of serious security risks. For instance, COTS software is usually mass-produced and generic (Miller, 2013). Thus, it is often more likely to be targeted by malefactors, at least because it is usually more attractive to attack mass-used software than custom-made code, for more targets can be attacked; an organization can even be harmed as part of collateral damage (Miller, 2013). In addition, using COTS software often poses the same dangers as utilizing any untested coding; in fact, it is stated that more than half of COTS software may fail to meet acceptable degrees of security (Veracode, n.d.). In cases when there are vulnerabilities in COTS software, it is possible for an organization utilizing it to suffer from such problems as loss of the data, cross-site scripting, denial of service, invasion of privacy, or a number of other issues resulting from attacks carried out by malicious software or hackers (Veracode, n.d.). Also, COTS software producers often tend to have rather limited liability (Miller, 2013). However, COTS software offers numerous advantages, e.g., reduction in the time of development (such software can simply be purchased, there is no need to wait until it is created), or lower rates of errors due to lowered complexity (McGraw & Viega, n.d.). Because of these advantages, COTS software is often used by numerous companies. However, it is recommended to take preventive steps to ensure greater security and resiliency of COTS software if it is used by an organization (Miller, 2013). Pros and Cons of the Common Criteria, and Reasons for Existence of Alternative IT Security Evaluation Methods Nowadays, the Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation (or simply the Common Criteria) are utilized across the world as a framework for assessing the security properties of information technologies (Common Criteria, 2017; Merkow & Raghavan, 201
Introduction A common notion about the history of sexuality is largely informed by the belief that sexuality in the past was repressed, much like a taboo. However, in the eighteenth century, sexual behaviors including sexual perversion such as homosexuality and child sexuality were a prominent object of study. Priests and Kings expected confessions from individuals regarding sexual temptations or immorality. Additionally, an individual’s sexuality reflected his or her character with regard to knowledge and power. Increasingly, during this era, sexuality became an object of intense study especially with regard to its relation with power and knowledge. Scientific investigations, alongside the confessions, revealed the relationship that existed between sex and power in the eighteenth century. Foucault, in the book, ‘The history of sexuality’ points out that; sexuality holds the key to explaining human behavior particularly with regard to knowledge and power. He argues that power does not repress or restrict sexuality rather it reinforces it. He specifically identifies four focus points for the deployment of sexuality: sexuality of women, children, and married couples and “perverse” sexuality (Foucault1990, 23). These focus points facilitate the spread of power throughout the society especially during the rise of the bourgeoisie in the 18th Century. They placed tighter controls on sexuality to promote “healthy sexuality” as well as make it easier to control the population. The deployment of sexuality in the society fosters the power over life but does not imply repression over the population. Deployment of sexuality in Marie de France’s lais Bisclavret Sexuality in lais Bisclavret is reflected as a social constructs that facilitate the deployment of sexuality with respect to Foucault’s sexuality of married couples focus point. Bisclavret’s wife betrayed him after realizing that he sometimes turned a werewolf, three days each week. The wife suspected that Bisclavret could be having a lover, who he visits during his three-day absence each week (Burgess, and Bursby 1986, 69). This highlights the relationship that existed between power and sexuality in Brittany. Bisclavret was a “handsome knight” and wielded much power as the king’s favorite closest advisor (Burgess, and Bursby 1986, 70). Foucault explains that power in the 18 century was exercised to bring sex increasingly into focus, speeches and thoughts (1990, 29). It is apparent in lais Bisclavret through the wife’s allusion to Bisclavret’s immorality during his absence. This implies that sexuality was spoken about openly not under repression by power. Additionally, following his wife’s request, Bisclavret reveals his secret place where he hid his clothes when he turned into a werewolf. She implores a certain knight to take her husband’s clothes pled
Do you feel that this paper enhances the research on the ambiance you have reviewed until now? In what way? I feel that the paper by Ballantine enhances the research on ambiance which has been discussed so far. First of all, the paper takes the review of ambiance a notch higher by introducing the concept of hedonic experience. In the paper, the author provides a detailed explanation of how the ambient conditions reviewed so far help in the creation of hedonic experience. Further to that, the paper groups the ambient conditions which have been discussed into two categories namely attractive and facilitating stimuli (Ballantine, Jack & Parsons 2010). Cues that fall under the attractive stimuli category include layout, space, color, sound, and light while those which fall under the facilitating stimuli category include product display, crowding, and the employee factor. The paper further provides a deep insight into the topic of ambiance through a discussion of the research findings. The findings in the study not only expand my understanding on the topic of ambiance but they also provide a strong background on the topic and its interrelated concepts such as hedonic and utilitarian consumption (Ballantine, Jack & Parsons 2010). Do you feel that it helps to differentiate ‘hedonic consumption’ from ‘utilitarian consumption’? I feel that the paper helps to differentiate between hedonic and utilitarian consumption. For one, it defines hedonic consumption as those aspects of consumer behavior that are linked to the consumers’ emotions and fantasies. Utilitarian consumption on the other hand is defined as consumption in which consumers’ satisfaction is based on acquisition and ownership of products. The paper goes further to provide a differentiation of the two concepts through the analysis of the study findings. It is clearly indicated that hedonic consumption has everything to do with cues that make customers satisfied with the services which they get. It entails the manipulation of various cues to create a balance that can attract and retain customers. The creation of hedonic experience by retailers appears to outweigh the utilitarian approach because utilitarian oriented participants in the research felt more comfortable in hedonic setups. On the other hand, hedonic oriented participants were very uncomfortable in utilitarian setups (Demangeot & Broderick 2006). Do you think a retailer would be able to develop and manage store design using these categories? What might be the challenges in achieving successful implementation? What might be the benefits? I think retailers can develop and manage store designs of hedonic and utilitarian orientations co
Social problems are numerous in every country. They can be connected with poverty, starvation or something other. There are also social problems that do not seem to be so serious – lack of living space in urban areas or lack of parking spaces in some tensely populated urban areas. These issues do to seem to be as serious as starvation but all them are connected with money and finance, as their solution is impossible without the latter. The case to be considered in this paper was also not very serious at first sight but its development proved that such problems also must be solved. The case with the lack of parking spaces in an Italian city of Brescia happened in the year 2000 and lied in the fact that the local hospital Spedali Civili di Brescia (Brescia Civil Hospital) faced a serious lack of parking spaces for its employees, as well as for the visitors of the hospital. The problem appeared because of the new legisla
Analysing Abu Dhabi Etihad Airways Application of the Strategy, Resources, Capabilities, and Competencies Model to Etihad Airways It is a fact that Etihad is not the largest airline in Abu Dhabi and the larger Arab region. It is faced with competition from larger companies, such as Qatar Airways and Emirates. However, in spite of its size, Etihad has made some significant progress in the region’s airline industry. The strategy, resources, capabilities, and competencies model is significant to the future growth of this airline. According to Teece (2010), a business model is important to any economic undertaking. It helps the business organization to convince the clients to pay for the value supplied, leading to profits. An analysis of Abu Dhabi Etihad Airways reveals that the company is utilizing its vast resources to establish partnerships. Such partnerships are designed to enhance the capabilities and competencies of the organization. For instance, the company has entered into an “equity alliance” with other airlines across Europe, Asia, and Australia. The alliance strengthens the airline’s route networks. It leads to an increased number of passengers, which translates to more business opportunities for the firm. The model has increased market access for Etihad Airways. In addition, it has led to reduced operational expenses due to cost-sharing with the partners. The alliances are established with partners who have competent management teams, adding to the airline’s competency. According to Watson (2005), the capabilities of a firm involve the ability to conduct relevant business processes to create value. The processes are supported by the organization’s resources. Casadesus-Masanell and Ricart (2009) conceptualize a firm as a collection of resources and capabilities. Consequently, the competencies of Abu Dhabi Etihad Airways are exhibited through strategic alliances with partners. Application of Porter’s Forces to Etihad Airways An Overview of the Forces Porter’s forces model is applicable to any business in a given industry. The framework is an effective criterion used in determining market attractiveness (Porter, 1980). The various forces associated with this model can be used to analyze Etihad Airways’ business operations. Porter’s Five Forces and Eti
Bugbee (1958) ‘we stand beyond the border of knowledge, beyond, without a doubt, where we were. Only in doing so do we find ourselves where we always been, within all creation, in a true wilderness’ (4). Basho (1644-1694) ‘First snow falling on half-finished bridge’ (1) . These words are extracts from Henry Bugbee’s 1958 book of philosophy ‘The inward morning ’and Basho Matsuo’s poem ‘The Narrow Road of the interior/ haiku selection’ (Green 1). The two extracts provide the thesis for this paper where the poet Basho and the philosopher Bugbee use nature to show the difficult journeyman has to go through to realize self-awareness and development. Both pieces of literature depict the themes of journey and wilderness, and for this reason, this research shall carry out an analysis of the two genres of writing and make a comparison. ‘The inward morning’ presents the idea of wilderness through an unusual philosophical burden taken by Bugbee. The book trades on two varied senses of wilderness which are related but not identical (Hamill 10). One on hand, the writer appeals to the sense of wilderness which reverberates with the popular value of northern America’s western frontier. This presents a reader with a familiar setting they can associate with. On the other hand, the writer capitalizes on the wilderness which speaks clearly as eastern awareness and provenance (Conway 259). Therefore the use of wilderness in this manner offers the reader a reality that creates profound mystery and which calls to a life journey. This research selects Basho’s English translation of Haiku, in ‘Narrow road of the interior’. This genre of writing is very important to history for Basho’s poems offer a new style and genre to writing poems. Despite the varied translations of his poems and the different versions of ‘narrow road’ Basho’s poems still hold the theme of nature, human journey as they seek knowledge of nature and how they fit into the world. The poem or Haiku ‘narrow road’ follows his main theme where the poet makes use of natural elements like snow as an image or symbol (Green 1). For the extract taken from his haiku, the image created represents more than snow which has covered an incomplete bridge. The poet is trying to convey the message that a person who has not completed their journey of life begins to see nature and grow white hair. Both writers are seeking to use nature by guiding their hearts towards finding a balance of mind and heart. For this reason, Bugbee writes his book in the open spaces of wilderness through the utilization of figurative and literal themes (Conway 260). Meanwhile, Basho makes use of the theme of wilderness or nature by taki
Introduction The topic of the present study is the effect of video games playing on a person’s visuospatial attention performance, that is, the response time and accuracy in video game latency. In order to measure this performance, a flanker compatibility task is being used. The function of selective attention is crucial: it allows us to distinguish between relevant and irrelevant information and lets the former guide behavior while minimizing the impact of the latter (Bavelier, Achtman, Mani, & Föcker, 2012). Visuospatial selective attention is significant for a number of mundane but important tasks like driving (Green & Bavelier, 2006). It is noteworthy, though, that irrelevant information still has the chance of affecting behavior, which, in particular, results in worse selective attention performance (Wendt & Luna-Rodriguez, 2009). The ability to suppress distracting information and pay attention to the relevant one is supposed to indicate greater executive and attentional control, which is beneficial for attention performance (Bavelier et al., 2012). Nowadays, the means of measuring this performance include the flanker compatibility task (Bavelier et al., 2012), which is a choice task that allows defining accuracy and response time and presupposes the presence of a target stimulus flanked with irrelevant ones (Wendt & Luna-Rodriguez, 2009). The study of selective attention provides us with insights into its mechanisms; for example, it has been established that visuospatial performance can be trained (Sanchez, 2012), and there is evidence to the idea that video games night offer an opportunity for such training. Analysis The effects of video games on players are numerous, and they can be positive as well as negative. The fact that the visual environments of modern games include complex visual cues that “require flexible attentional resources” has captivated the thought of researchers (Latham, Patston, Westermann, Kirk, & Tippett, 2013, p. 1), and the bulk of evidence to the theory that game playing is capable of affecting the performance on visuospatial and attentional tasks has been growing (Green & Bavelier, 2006). As a result, the study of the relationship between games and visual selective attention has been developing in the past years, but even nowadays the field exhibits numerous blank spots (Bavelier et al., 2012; Gentile, 2011; Irons, Remi