ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Strategic human resource management and the concept of fit Strategic human resource management largely deals with how human resource needs can be strategically managed in an organisation in order to improve work output. It is a rather new approach and concept towards the management of human resource in comparison to technical human resource management (Fey & Bjorkman, 2001). In addition, the basic function of strategic human resource management lies within the designation and implementation of quite a number of managerial policies within an organisation with a broad objective of ensuring that the available human resource management significantly contributes to the productivity of an organisation. When business strategy is combined with the human resource management function, strategic human resource management would reflect a relatively resilient plan of not only utilizing human resource to the optimum but also driving an organisation towards a competitive edge. Nonetheless, a thorough understanding of strategic human resource management would not be complete unless the right application of the concept of fit is correctly applied. The concept of fit is primarily the process of melding the human resource function within the strategic goals of an organisation (Wei & Lau, 2005). There are quite a number of conceptual illustrations that have demonstrated that the design and implementation of sets of strategic human resource practices may not be coherent at all owing to the fact that the concept of ‘fit’ has not been understood well. Realistically, the concept of fit and the strategic human resource management lays much emphasis in improving the capacity of a firm in responding to the external factors especially those related to the hiring and utilization of human resource. This paper attempts to explore the concept of fit and how this conceptual framework can be integrated well in strategic human resource management in a firm. To begin with, it is vital to explore the two types of fit as expounded in most strategic human resource literatures. As already mentioned, the concept of fit mainly helps in the process of utilizing human resource so that the goals and objectives of an organisation can be achieved. Indeed, this is a fundamental characteristic in strategic human resource management. This implies that an organisation may not achieve its set goals in human resource practices unless the concept of fit is not only understood well but also applied to the letter. Two major types of fit can be applied in strategic human resource practices. Firstly, the
Thermoelectric coolers abbreviated as TECs are cooling electrical systems the utilize temperature variation or gradient to generate a cooling effect using the Peltier effect. TECs are mainly made of a group of diverse semiconductor materials, which enable them to perform efficiently. A thermoelectric cooler is an assembly of diverse semi-conductor matters which facilitate their efficiency cooling drinks. We have two groups of semiconductor materials at the intersections, where one set takes in energy while the other set emits energy in the form of heat and by doing so, the temperature difference is formed. The heat is transferred from the cold side to the hot side by the use of an electric gradient. Therefore TEC is commonly used in cooling drinks. Introduction According to Anatychuk (1997, p.152), TEC’s are devices made from junctions of two semiconductors usually stacked on top of each other. They are solid-state energetic heat impelled which function by transmitting heat energy from the cold side of the device to the hot side (Vayner 1983, p.31). This is in opposition to the heat gradient and as a result, electric current is used. The electric current that is passed through the junctions makes one side of the junction absorb energy while the other sides dissipate energy in form of heat (Woodbury, Levinson, & Lewandowski 1995, p. 184). The main advantage offered by thermoelectric coolers is that they are highly reliable, are small, and light in weight, they have no moving parts that may require constant lubrication or attention, and their temperature control ranges have an error of ± 0.05 °C Methods Investigating the heat sink effect of current on temperature difference created by a TEC The TEC ‘assemblage’ used entails a thermoelectric cooler joined to a tiny heat sink, without which the thermoelectric cooler would heat up ‘dangerously’ even with minute currents.  1. Heat sink paste was used to attach copper heat sink on the TEC assembly and then temperatures of the hot surface of the heat sink and cold surface of the thermoelectric cooler were measured as a function of current, 0.0-1.0A.  2. The thermocouple was enclosed in heat sink paste first prior to pressing them to the surface of the heat sink and thermoelectric cooler.  3. Temperatures were then to reach steady values after the current was varied. Results and analysis Current (A)  T c (°C)  T h (°C)  Δ t (°C) 0.1          20.9      24.7      3.8      0.2          18        25.1      7.1      0.3          16.3      25.5      9.2      0.4          13.3      26.5      13.2     0.5          12.4      28        15.6     0.6          15.2      33.2      18       0.7          17.2      35.9      18.7     0.8          17.4      38.3      20.9      Table 1.0: Effect of current on temperature differ
Introduction Machiavelli and Aristotle’s perceptions towards virtue endure until today. The differences in their perceptions towards politics allowed the two to come up with diverse dimensions of ethics and virtues as well as their role in politics. Aristotle comes up with a clear distinction between personal virtue and civic virtue and has the conviction that the two are autonomous. Hence, “it is evident that the good citizen need not of necessity possess the virtue which makes a good man” (Aristotle “Politics” 54). According to Aristotle, civic virtue is critical to politics and it facilitates in promoting national harmony. On the other hand, Machiavelli takes a different position with respect to ethics and virtue. Unlike Aristotle, Machiavelli does not find virtue to be of great significance. Machiavelli posits, “Therefore, if a prince wants to maintain his rule, he must be prepared not to be virtuous and to make use of this or not according to need” (65). Machiavelli vs. Aristotle According to Machiavelli, “if one considers everything well, one will find something appears to be virtue, which if pursued would be one’s ruin, and something else appears to be vice, which if pursued results in one’s security and well-being” (62). Machiavelli uses an empirical approach to explain what entails virtue. He posits that an individual might have limited cognitive abilities and thus can fail to fathom why something is erroneous. On the other hand, things that were once considered virtuous can turn out to be erroneous. In a way, Machiavelli is referring to both authority and self-examination. At times, people fail to acknowledge virtue not due to flaws in their perception, but because they may have been wrongly instructed. Consequently, Machiavelli believes that when deciding on what is virtuous, people should not consider only what is ethically right or abide by custom authorities. Machiavelli comes up with a utilitarian understanding of virtue. He claims, “For something to be a virtue in the moral sense, it cannot seriously compromise our worldly well-being” (Machiavelli 69). In this way, he restricts the scope that moral virtue can cover. One wonders if he accords any significance to moral virtue. Machiavelli considers those leaders that are capable of transforming the world to meet their needs to be virtuous. In addition, he perceives outstanding political skills as virtuous. One of the limitations of Machiavelli’s idea about virtue is that he does not show what virtue really comprises and how one can cultivate it. Both Aristotle and Machiavelli believed that no virtue could come out of ignorance. Machiavelli posits that when one reflects on everything well, s/he can identify what is virtuous (Machiavelli 62). Hence, one engages in virtuous acts after a thorough deliberation and no one partakes in the acts unconsciously. On the other hand, Aristotle claims that virtues are temperaments for choice. He holds t
Introduction A nursing handover is a type of communication that occurs between nurses as a part of nursing rounds in hospitals. It is an obligatory activity with multiple goals every incoming shift has to know. It includes a report on all patients’ statuses before providing care and evaluating the conditions. Sometimes, nurses do not want to communicate with patients until they get a formal handover and read all information about recent changes. Handover communication is an important concept that has to be properly understood by every nurse. My practice shows that not all nurses are usually aware of how to carry on a handover in the emergency department. The content of handover may vary between the departments, and it is hard to develop one general plan for nurses to follow. Some nurses do not make official notes about patients, their conditions, and their families. Recent research proves that several critical incidents in health care occurred because of poor communication between nurses and the inabilities to prevent patient harm (Slade et al. 2015). A handover is a pivotal step that creates an opportunity for a nurse to know what has been happening to a patient during the last several hours or minutes when another nurse was on duty. Handover communication requires the development of critical skills and knowledge to observe what care changes occur (Riley 2015). ED handover is very different in comparison to handover in the clinical environment due to significant patient turnover and unpredictable patient flow. Communication should be fast and clear. Nurses have to divide necessary and unnecessary facts and use clear language. Effective communication between nurses is an important factor for providing safe and high-quality health care, and nursing rounds depend a lot on how well nurses can share information at handover. It is a process when information about one patient or the whole department has to be transferred. The purpose of this paper is to develop a handover communication process analysis, evaluate the worth of nursing communication in the emergency department, identify the main elements of nursing handover, and introduce possible improvements of handover communication. Description of a Communication Process A nursing handover is an activity that helps to identify and solve some patients’ problems and needs (Negarandeh, Bahabadi & Mamaghani 2014). All clinicians have to know the purpose of a handover and the information that has to be communicated. ED handover is also a high-risk activity for both a patient and a nurse. Multiple tasks may mislead and confuse nurses, promote informative gaps, and interrupt a working process. Handover communication is a crucial process because it aims at obtaining information, understanding the facts, and evaluating the general situation. In the emergency department where I have been working for the last nine years, the system of work is rather simple and clear. There are three shifts of nurses that have to work at different periods for 8 hours. Three regular nursing rounds occur at 8 am, 4 pm, and 12 am. Handovers occur at 7 am 3 pm and 11 pm. Handover communication is usually short but i
Abstract The last several years are characterized by numerous claims to legalize the use of marijuana. The example of several states that have already introduced the appropriate law provides the ground for vigorous debates about the absence of the expected deterioration of the situation and emergence of multiple problems associated with this substance’s abuse. In such a way, the given paper is devoted to the in-depth investigation of the question of marijuana’s legalization and its effect on society. The most important factors regarding this aspect are discussed. The work utilizes the existing research works devoted to the problem to formulate a theoretical background and answers the most important questions associated with the issue. At the same time, it suggests arguments to promote the legalization of marijuana because it would lessen the strain in prisons and help to alleviate chronic pain in chemotherapy and other patients with incurable diseases. Introduction The modern society faces a significant problem of drug abuse. By the statistics, there is a tendency towards the increase of addicted people, and by the end of 2020, their number will double (CDC, 2014). It means that communities, government, and the healthcare sector experience a challenge related to the monitoring of the spread, creation, and use of the prohibited substances. The complexity of this problem is evidenced by the fact that despite all efforts the number of people who have tried drugs for at least one time increases (CDC, 2014). However, there are numerous claims that some of the substances included in the list should be legalized because of the absence of negative aspects associated with their use. Marijuana has always been an ongoing issue as many people continue smoking it without the obvious negative impact on their health. Moreover, many research works prove the need for the legalization of cannabis (Caulkins, Kilmer, & Kleiman, 2
No matter what one might say about the links between different people and different nations, there can be no possible doubts that certain countries stay miles away from each other. Preserving their cultural identity, they are still linked to one another, which cannot be considered but a positive state of affairs. Despite the fact that globalization is designed to reunite people, restoring their economical, political and personal links with one another, there are certain suspicions that the effect of globalization can possibly harm the ethnicity and the cultural peculiarities of various countries, making the latter absorb the culture of the world leading states. Considering the matter closer, one can see distinctly that the fear of the globalization effect comes from the strong feeling of national identity. According to the essay under the discussion, the fears that globalization would be the merging of cultures until they fuse into a single entity are completely groundless. However, the author of the essay has sufficient arguments to back the statement with. It is quite clear that integrating into a globalized world will presuppose that certain traits of national character and identity might disappear. As the process unwinds, people will focus on the economical and political aspect of the problem, whereas the cultural one will be likely left behind. However, this is not a reason to be greatly anxious, the author of the essay claims. Moreover, the argument of the essay is backed up with significant information concerning the plausible positive effects of globalization. Like in Ben-Rafael’s book, “globalization is seen here as an effort to build a world meta-culture sui generis , not by superimposing one culture on others” (280) However, it cannot be denied that, once started, the process of globalization is bound to continue, not matter what people could think about it. Whether it is a negative or a positive “polysyllabic phenomenon” (Blanchette 71), it can be only hindered, not stopped. Like every other stage of people’s evolution, this process is irreversible. Therefore, the only thing that people can do at the current moment is to try slackening the process of globalization down. With help of reasonable approach and considerable effort, people will be able to postpone the globalization process until they feel that the mankind will handle the complicated stage of self-development. Unlike the rest of political and economical phenomena, this one embraces the entire world, which is already a reason for thorough considerations. According to the essay, the suppositions concerning the negative effect of globalization have been greatly exaggerated. Still, there are sufficient reasons that the threat of globalization was underestimated by the author of the essay. On the one hand, globalization does have its effect on the world culture, encouraging the process of fusion. Yet on the other hand, it is obvious that the effect of culture mixing can lead to deplorable effects. As soon as the cultures reach certain point of globalizing, th
There is a significant issue with the rates of emergency department visits among children with asthma that calls for the creation of an intervention plan. According to Dannefer et al. (2019), the rates of morbidity and mortality are disproportionately high in “the South Bronx, East and Central Harlem, and North and Central Brooklyn” (p. 163). It implies the need to study what factors lead to this disparity and how new healthcare initiatives can alleviate it. The population of Central Harlem will be the target of this intervention that aims to decrease the rate of children’s asthma-related ED visits. The primary causes for this health problem will be reviewed to identify the actions necessary for its resolution. This essay overviews the factors contributing to this health issue and the intervention plan that aims to alleviate it among the target population. The objective of this intervention is to reduce child asthma emergency department visits in Central Harlem. Asthma remains one of the critical issues in underrepresented communities with low income, such as the population of the chosen area, with rates of occurrence being as high as 20-30% (Louisias & Phipatanakul, 2017). To alleviate this disparity, the intervention plan will consist of increased attention to this health issue and promotion of an efficient and sustainable treatment method. The choice of intervention methods is modeled after contemporary research on reducing the effects of asthma in children. The studies show that an asthma medication regimen that consists of proper use of a long-term controller has five times lower rates of asthma ED visits (Baltrus et al., 2016). Compliance with proposed treatment that uses long-term controller medication regimens is one of the crucial sources of alleviation of this health issue (Baltrus et al., 2016). Therefore, the intervention plan will focus on the promotion of this regimen among the target population. This promotion will take place over a three months period, during which the public health campaign will connect healthcare providers with the target population. To achieve the desired effect, healthcare organizations that operate in this area, both public and private, will be included in the public health initiative that focuses on family education. Louisias and Phipatanakul (2017) state that the primary sources of improvement are “dealing with reducing/eliminating allergen or pollutant exposure, educational and empowerment support for patients, and decision support tools and resources for providers” (p. 68). A significant portion of the intervention’s desired effect will be achieved by teaching parents and their children how to recognize and eliminate the substances that can trigger asthma. Healthcare providers in the area will help with the distribution of this information via short educational courses, pamphlets, and advertisements. The particular population of Central Harlem presents a critical issue for several reasons that must be acknowledged in the intervention. There is a limitation on the scope of the intervention. The barriers to access are especially promi
Introduction There is an intense competition in the telecommunication industry in UAE (Bhattu, 2009). The taxes from this market make a huge income generator for the country. Similarly, the auction of the airwaves is a million dollar industry for the nation and international promotion firms. Wireless infrastructures have become very familiar in today’s environment. Wireless dependent hotspots are very popular in public spaces, schools, and homesteads. The devices use low- power-driven RF transmitters to interconnect with other communication devices. In spite of the very low power utilized by these technologies, several people are weary of the possibility that RF could have an impact on their health. The article below seeks to shed more light on the effects of wireless frequency on health. Exposure to wireless frequencies has been related to many argumentative health consequences, which may result in vital public health concerns. The most severe health problems that have been linked to the use of RF are leukemia complications, juvenile and adult brain tumors, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and an augmented threat of the neurodegenerative ailments. It is also alleged that exposure to RF leads to increased possibility of developing breast cancer, a risk of contracting hemotoxic effects, and increased allergic and inflammatory reactions. Persons living in areas with high exposure to RF such as cell towers have a greater danger of developing insomnia. Some works of literature link developments of temporary effects on reasoning, recollection, learning, performance, reaction time, and responsiveness to wireless frequency. The consequences of exposure to wireless frequencies are worth studying because there has been a public concern about their associated health risks. Previous studies have done little to document comprehensive effects of using the technologies. It is worrying to note that the media and the relevant authorities have been silent on health problems related to the topic. Presumably, the advertising revenues generated from this market segment have compromised media autonomy. Through this, the media and the relevant government authorities have avoided discussing on health issues associated with the use of these technologies. Through this study, possible health problems related to the utilization of wireless devices will be identified. Similarly, the research will determine what the government and relevant authorities need to do to limit exposure to these emissions. The findings obtained from this study will be used in formulating and implementing better safety regulations with respect to the use of wireless technology in the future. Th