ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
A toaster is a term for a small piece of equipment that is intended to crisp various kinds of bread foods. There are two types of this appliance: pop-up and oven toasters. The subject of the draft is a pop-up toaster, which can perform its purpose from one to three minutes with the help of the heating elements. “A timing mechanism for an automatic bread toaster is provided with a regulating knob and a bimetallic element that is mounted on an adjustable calibrating spindle” ( Bimetallic timing mechanism , 2015, para. 1). When the piece of the appliance is triggered by the insertion of the piece of bread foods, the electrical stream increases the temperature of the bimetallic element; the element is in this manner refracted to a mark where it absorbs a furrow in a control slide and turns off its particular heating stream as well. The control slide is stirred by the bimetallic component as it lowers the temperature until the release of a latching pawl from a stint with the piece of bread on the support bar, thus letting the piece of toast return to its elevated place on the support bar. Figure 1. A toaster (Brain, 2014). Heating Elements A heating element in the given appliance is frequently composed of a dense nichrome wire, which manages the electric flow. The nichrome wire is not able to transport electricity as well as others types of wire; as a result, some of the electric energy is used to increase the temperature of the wire and produce heat. Therefore, the wire in the heating component of the toaster increases the temperature of the piece of equipment and the toast itself. It is rational to undertake that most people constantly prefer the same or similar type of bread foods, cut in an analogous fashion, so their bread will mostly like to need about the same amount of time to toast to the brown color. Heat-Level Adjustment and the Thermostat A thermostat is an automated, electrical, or electric tool, which turns an electrical stream on or off in order to keep the piece of bread at an equally continuous temperature and cause the toaster to switch itself off when the toast is ready ( Toaster buying guide , 2015). For example, a bimetal-strip thermostat, which consists of the two dissimilar metals fused together, is applied in the toaster. If the thermostat is situated nest to a heating component of the appliance, it will eventually transform into a bend. This occurrence is a result of the thermostat increasing its temperature as the toast heats and its metals expanding by dissimilar volumes. When the exactly needed level of heat is attained, the thermostat will curve sufficiently to straighten and turn off the heating component of the appliance. Moreover, in this type of toaster, increasing the control on the heat-level adjustment regulates the range by which the metal plate has to curve in order to turn off the heating element. Support Bar and the Spring The toasters most probable apply either a timing device or a thermostat in order to turn the mechanism off when the toast is ready, but several refined proto
Effective communication is a vital aspect of healthcare. According to Namrata Palta (2006), effective communication in healthcare provides practical ways of enhancing communication between health professionals and patients. Swayne et al. (2012) argues that healthcare organisations are adapting to structures that provide the design of both the functional structure and lateral structure. According to Swayne et al. (2012), organisations should implement a model that facilitates cross-unit communication, coordination, and collaboration. Communication between medical staffs and patients must be precise and effective in order to ensure the mutual benefits for all parties as well as for patients (Swayne et al., 2012). This paper examines the organisation models that best describes my healthcare organisation. This paper will also examine the workplace communication techniques used within the healthcare organisation. Which organisational model best describes your organisation? Our clinic is an extremely complex organisation that is composed of different Departments including CEO, Clinical Department, Marketing Department, Human Resource Department, Legal Department, Information system Department, and Finance and Accounting Department. The components within clinical Department include Medicine, Surgery, Obstetrics, paediatrics and Clinical Services. Therefore, the organization model that best describes our clinic is the matrix structure. While creating this model, the main objective of the clinic was to hold the work task assigned to practitioners together. The model was also created to facilitate the implementation of strategies that are necessary for achieving the mission and goals of the clinic. According to Palta (2006), the matrix structure is one of the most effective models because it enables decentralisation of decision making in an organisation. Swayne et al. (2006) argues that the matrix model increases organisations’ ability to respond effectively. Palta (2006) argues that matrix organisation structure encourages more interaction, information sharing, communication and collective problem solving in an organisation. The matrix structure involves viewing the entire organisation and what demand are being made of it from within and outside the organisation. The most effective techniques for sharing information within this model include monthly meeting, campaigns, and telephones. The clinic often initiate monthly meeting to address issues concerning the organisations welfare. Monthly meetings among practitioners and collaborators provide wide representation for key decisions and facilitate communication of the organisation’s direction and strategy implementation. Techniques such as campaigns and telephones have enabled effective sharing of information between staff members. Members of the staff are able to evaluate how information as constructed provides a set of satisfyin
Abstract This paper compares/contrasts the novels A Friend of the Earth and The Terranauts by Tom Coraghessan Boyle. The main idea promoted throughout the paper’s entirety is that both literary works should be deemed reflective of the main inconsistencies of environmentalism/eco-radicalism, as we know it. Specific emphasis is placed on discussing the psychological and socioeconomic preconditions for the environmentalist movement to be deemed indicative of the ongoing decline of the West. In this regard, the deployed line of argumentation stresses the irrational/obsessive essence of one’s strong commitment to the cause of environmentalism, while exposing that there are a number of the clear fetishist subtleties to it. The paper also argues that, as it can be inferred from both novels, the very principles of the capitalist society’s functioning presuppose that such a society can never be environmentally sustainable, by definition. In the end, there are listed three main conclusions that derive from the conducted semiotic analysis of both novels. Introduction Nowadays, it became quite trendy among many contemporary American writers to explore the theme of the environmentally sustainable existence in their works of fiction. Among the most prominent of such writers are Edward Abbey, Karen Joy Fowler, Barbara Kingsolver, and Ann Pancake, as well as T.C. Boyle himself. One of the reasons behind the rising popularity of the “eco-fiction” genre has to do with the fact that the philosophy of environmentalism has now been firmly incorporated in the discourse of post-modernity, which nowadays exerts a powerful influence on the functioning of the public domain in the West. For example, it would now prove quite impossible to describe the political landscape in just about any Western country without mentioning the role played by so-called “green parties” in defining the socio-political realities on the locale. Evidently enough, the theme of environmental preservation appeals to the widest range of unconscious anxieties in the targeted audience – hence, increasing the likelihood for the “environmentalist” literary pieces (the ones that have this theme integrated into the plot) to prove commercially successful. Even though the actual plots in eco-novels vary rather substantially, it is still possible to define the discursive axis around which they revolve. As a rule, the authors of these novels strive to instil readers with the idea that the cause of protecting the natural environment is incompatible with the continuation of socioeconomic/scientific progress on this planet. Another clue that the audience commonly derives from being exposed to the literary works in question is that the continual deterioration of the natural environment is intrinsically linked to the “problem of overpopulation”. This naturally causes many readers to assume that the most effective approach to
The second half of the 20th century was characterized by numerous military conflicts in different parts of the world. Traditionally, they are considered as consequences of the Cold War and the struggle for domination between two superstates and their allies. The Korean War, numerous military operations in the Middle East, and the Vietnam War were preconditioned by the clash of ideologies and parties unwillingness to make a compromise. Moreover, regions which experienced these conflicts had been suffering from their aftermath for an extended period of time. For instance, Vietnam was involved in several wars with mighty opponents starting from the USA and ending with China. The first conflict is sadly remembered by its consequences and great attention it attracted. At the same time, the opposition between China and Vietnam, or the Third Vietnam War, is often disregarded. Thus, Kissinger in his book delves into the issue and provides the most important aspects related to the conflict. The formal cause of the war was Chinas desire to respond to the Vietnamese expansion to Cambodia. In a broader sense, it was the war for domination in the region and the right to follow the outlined course. Kissinger says that “the invasion served its fundamental objective: when the Soviet Union failed to respond it demonstrated the limitations of its strategic reach” (344). It means that China wanted to demonstrate its readiness to act independently. At the same time, Vietnams primary goal was to preserve its national identity, security, and resist invaders. For this reason, at the very beginning of this
The culture of an organization is one of the fundamental factors in the modern business environment. It evolves regarding the core values, mission, and goals of a particular brand, and serves as the aspect that differentiates firms. Moreover, the importance of the given phenomenon is evidenced by the fact that organizational culture can be viewed as a vital component of the competitive advantage needed for companies to continue their growth. There are multiple cases when skillful and experienced employees are attracted by the beneficial climate within an organization and start cooperating with it. Clients and potential partners can also be influenced by the organizational culture and accept specific decisions to engage in partnership with a certain firm. In such a way, this element should be viewed as the basis for the creation of companies and the formation of their unique identity, patterns for cooperation with communities, and new projects. The given report delves into the organizational cultures of Twitter and LinkedIn and their comparison with the primary goal to demonstrate the critical significance of this factor and improve understanding of its role in the modern business environment. Justification of Choice Several factors justify the choice of organizations for the comparison. First of all, both Twitter and LinkedIn represent the most innovative trends in the modern world. These companies rely on the use of digital technologies and offer clients multiple ways to cooperate by using social media, which is one of the distinctive features of contemporary society. The second factor is the critical importance of organizational culture for these two firms. They were created as small organizations by enthusiasts interested in specific technologies and emerging trends. However, due to the unusual vision of the brand’s future and distinct organizational culture, the companies managed to evolve and transform into giant multinational corporations with the stable income and the ability to impact the modern world, functioning of different companies, and provide people with opportunities to launch their own projects. For this reason, the analysis of these two firms can contribute to the improved vision of the scope of the analyzed issue and its contribution to the evolution of brands. Moreover, the paper focuses on text instead of images on the report as images of indexes, companies’ statistics, and sizes are not relevant for discussing the aspect of culture. LinkedIn LinkedIn is one of the modern famous online platforms for communication, cooperation, and information exchange. It is a business and employment-oriented online service that operates via websites and mobile apps (“About us,” n.d.)
International trade always raises different issues and has to consider international laws and regulations carefully to perform legally and efficiently. It is essential for the parties involved in cross-nation commerce to examine all of the trade conditions and requirements and investigate the laws concerning the productions that they aim to sell. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the specific case of tobacco exports to Taiquat and analyze the legal and ethical environment of the business operations related to the case. It is essential to remember that each tobacco company aiming to export tobacco to other nations has to comply with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration standards. The authorities have established two major criteria for the manufacturing of tobacco, and it is integral for the businesses to follow them (The U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2015). The company that wants to bring American tobacco to the Taiquat population has faced a situation where the government representatives require the payout. Later it turned out that those officials do not have any salaries, and it is the only way of earning their living. One can argue that initially, the money asked by the official figures of Taiquat represented the bribe and seemed to be an act of corruption. Consequently, in this situation, it is required to turn to the guide to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act issued by the Department of Justice and Securities and Exchange Commission. Firstly, one should understand what corruption is and how to determine whether a specific action would be considered corrupt or not. The FCPA was issued in 1977 because the spread of commerce to the international levels has increased the number of bribes accepted by foreign officials from American companies (The Criminal Division, 2012). One of the options for this tobacco company is to consider the demands of Taiquat officials as corporate bribery and not to accept the terms. It will result in the inability to bring American tobacco products to that area. According to the FCPA, the bribery of foreign representatives “affects the very stability of overseas business” (The Criminal Division, 2012, p. 1). Keeping that in mind, paying the money to a foreign official can be considered as a corruption ac
Several historical and social factors contributed to the development of the new Hollywood cinema. The filmmaking industry has gone through numerous changes. The changes have led to the emergence of new business models in the industry. As such, modern filmmaking has emerged from the upgrading of earlier platforms. The location of the major filmmaking companies in New York City remains a historical fact, which led to the development of Hollywood cinema. New York acted as the headquarters and financial base for the filmmakers. The earliest filmmaking took place in the late 19 th century at Wall Street, New York (Allen 2003, p.4). During the time, Hollywood majorly relied on the finances from the Wall Street. However, it was disadvantaged that the production facilities were located 3000 miles away on the West Coast (Allen 2003, p.5). It caused tension and disagreements during many occasions. Notably, the West Coast was responsible for major studio operations, integration of the company’s economy, and translation of fiscal policy in the filmmaking industry. Therefore, it was necessary for the West Coast to work together with New York City counterparts during the mid 20 th century. By working together, new Hollywood emerged. Another historical change that led to the development of the new Hollywood cinema is its major films. The major Hollywood film owners, which include Warner Bros, RKO, Paramount, Twentieth Century-Fox, and MGM, sold about 40-60 million films annually (Allen 2003, p.6). The above sales constituted 50% of the film industry in America. The above major film owners controlled 3000 of the total 23000 cinemas opened in the United States before World War II. Their shares accounted for a small percentage, but it was the best portion and formed a premiere cinema. With time, the owners of the major films imposed terms that forced the smaller cinemas to accept their decisions. The terms they imposed were prohibitive. The terms involved grouping the least attractive and most attractive films in what was known as a block booking. Another historical change that was witnessed in the US filmmaking industry is the technological changes. Over several decades, the filmmaking has experienced technological changes, which include a change in the screen shape, format, and the audio quality (Allen 2003, p.3). Actually, such technological changes required a huge amount of money to keep the cinema industry entertaining and attractive. Further, the industry observed the development of new media platforms, which included dig
Presidential elections in the 21 st century are associated with the red, and blue state divide represented on political maps were the states with the majority to vote for Republicans are colored in red, and the states where citizens prefer to vote for Democrats are colored in blue. The reference to the modern red-blue map became popular in 2000 because this variant of the map was promoted in the media to demonstrate the preferences of the US voters. However, the red-blue map can serve only as of the demonstration tool because it cannot be used to explain the aspects of the political geography and reasons for red states to vote for Republicans and blue states to vote for Democrats. Nevertheless, the red and blue state divide is discussed as the effective representative tool to demonstrate the differences in the US voters’ visions because it usually illustrates the support for Republicans in the West and South of the country and the support for Democrats in the Northeast and on the West Coast. There are no historic explanations to the use of the colors to divide the states because, during different historical stages, various colors were used to mark the states. The association of red states with Republicans and blue states with Democrats is traditionally explained in different ways, focusing on the connection between revolutionary ideas and the red color and democratic ideas and the blue color. There is also the association of Republicans and the red color based on the words’ first letter.
A bill S.1132, or the Registered Nurse Safe Staffing Act of 2015, was introduced in Senate on April 29, 2015, by Oregonian Senator Jeff Merkley of the Democratic Party. The draft law proposes to introduce a mechanism aimed at optimizing the number of nurses working in hospitals. The bill is currently in progress; it awaits being passed by the Senate (“S.1132,” 2015). The bill consists of three sections (“Text – S.1132,” 2015). The first one provides the title for the bill. The second section elaborates the findings made by the Congress related to the issue of nurse staffing. The bill refers to a number of studies; according to the research, the patient safety in health care institutions such as hospitals is directly proportionate to the quantity of registered nurses (RNs) employed in that institution; that suboptimal RN staffing results in higher numbers of patient mortality in hospitals; approximately 74% of nurses suffer from acute or chronic stress due to overworking; nurse burnout leads to much worse patient outcomes, which results in additional cases of infection among patients; according to a 2009 study, “sufficient staffing of critical care nurses can prevent adverse patient events, which can cost anywhere from $2,200,200 to $13,200,000,” whereas “nurse staffing costs in the study time period were only $1,360,000” (“Text – S.1132,” 2015). Thus, it is summarized in the bill that adequate nurse staffing is crucial for better patient outcomes, can save much money that would otherwise be spent on curing avoidable conditions, and betters the nurses’ working conditions. Section 3 provides instructions to be carried out in order to establish sufficient nurse staffing level in Medicare participating hospitals. These hospitals are to develop and implement a nurse staffing plan for the whole institution. For this goal, hospitals are to create nurse staffing committees; they are to consist of non-managing RNs that supply direct patient care by at least 55%, as well as
Company Overview and Current Mission ENOC Group (2013) reported that the Emirates National Oil Company (ENOC) started its journey in 1973 owned and operated by the Government of Dubai under Investment Corporation of Dubai and was incorporated as a limited liability company in 1993 headquartered in Dubai, UAE along with twenty subsidiaries. The business operation of the ENOC covered oil and gas processing, supply, and trading; terminal operations for petrochemical storage, marketing of aviation fuel and lubricants including industrial chemicals, retail fuel stations, along with oil and gas exploration, as a reliable development partner of the national economy the company extended its services in the global market with iconic image. The vision of the company clearly states that it has aimed to turn into the regional leader in the integrated oil and gas market with highly profitable performance upholding its corporate social responsibility pointing to the communities, environment, and the employees. The Mission Statement of the ENOC strongly argued that it has been working to attain sustainable development along with extremely rising profit growth and to serving the energy requirements of Dubai by engaging the top talent employees and integrating advanced technology, superior quality and services to the customers with much more environmental awareness and employees health and safety. Under the chairmanship of the UAE Minister of Finance Sheikh Hamdan and his dynamic leadership turned the ENOC into a company USD 10 Billion turnover along with 7000 multicultural working force while its strategic viewpoints explored as follows: Figure 1: Strategic Goals of ENOC Group. Source: ENOC Group (2013). Current financial condition Gross profit margin ENOC Group                      2008 (In 000 AED)        2009 (In 000 AED)                  Gross profit margin =           3,132,754 / 5,846,772 =  4,013,528 / 7,911,000 = 50.7335103 Revenues – Cost of good sold /  53.5809161 = 53.59%      = 50.74%                           Sales revenues                                                                              Gross profit                    3,132,754                4,013,528                          Sales revenues                  5,846,772                7,911,000                           Table 1: Gross profit margin of ENOC Group. Source: Self generated. It is clear from the chart above that there has been a gradual decrease in gross profit margin ratio of ENOC from 2008 to 2009; this is indeed very negative factor for the company as an increase in the GPM ratio indicates that the company could build practical yields on sales; however, here the company has failed to attain this. It is quite disappointing that there has been