ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
CEO Dennis Gordon recognized the need for change in 2005. I was at that time on industrial attachment in Broca Inc., a company in the software sales field. He summoned his management team and explained to them how each morning he had to deal with endless queues of customers which formed outside his office. He attributed that to the prevalent top-down hierarchical organizational structure. According to him, the only way out of the problem, which resulted in poor performance, was to decentralize decision-making to improve customer service and marketing: their core business. The urgent change required flattening the chain of command resulting in a result-oriented boundaryless design. In the new design, employees would collaborate and with customers seamlessly after abolishing external and internal limits that acted as barriers. The change was conceptualized by top management and involved all employees as far as a change of trends and expectations were concerned. Most people were enthusiastic about the idea of change but, as is common with most drastic changes, some individuals resisted, albeit passively. I noted that some were for instance reluctant to relinquish the ‘big’ titles that they had. In my view, they felt that doing away with company titles would water down their influence in the new dispensation. One middle-level manager went as far as tendering his resignation after which he sought a job in another firm. Such feelings of uncertainty are not uncommon during such change. In my view, most of those who resisted the change passively did so due to a legitimate fear of what would have happened next; most feared losing jobs which never happened anyway. With a lot of encouragement in terms of communication from top management, the idea of change was adopted quickly. The overall design of office space was altered to facilitate teamwork. All employees shared glass-walled offices that resembled each other, titles in offices were pulled down and a culture of fast decision making was introduced. Remarkably, even the CEO could be easily reached as he took the new look, accessible, and small office. In the new design, customers’ problems would be dealt with at once, without handing them over to a higher office as had been the norm earlier. The change was successful largely due to the leadership that Gordon offered. He seemed to have anticipated some resistance as he had devised a mechanism of involving resistors and potential resistors in the implementation of the transformation. He encouraged employees to form small teams of eight and come up with solutions to the problems that had been encountered for a long time. The CEO recognized those who contributed magnificent quality improvement suggestions at plenary sessions, which changed the hearts and minds of those who were contemplating resistance. It had another effect of getting all employees to own and embrace the change. The level of resistance to the change would have been higher had the management decided to force it down the throat of everyone withou
Abstract This paper provides a detailed discussion of Domain Name System (DNS) and DNS tunneling including the DNS tunneling framework, and DNS encoding mechanisms. Furthermore, works on the evaluation of DNS tunneling tools, and tunneling through Wi-Fi are discussed in detail. Finally,clear presentations of negative and positive aspects on DNS tunneling are detailed in the paper. Introduction This section explains the effective roles of DNS tunnelling in providing network security. For example, email protocol SMTP provides security to emails and updates the user on the presence of malicious code patterns. Owing to its nature, SMTP is able to “forge From”, “Return-Path” and “reply” to fields in the header. As a result, several problems associated with this nature are evident. For instance, phishing and spoofing of proposed systems normally validate the identity of an email sender (authentication of emails), including DKIM and SPF. These two protocols used DNS modelling as a method of adding security policy layer to the SMTP protocol (Bianco 6). Moreover, it is used in other aspects that aim at updating malicious code patterns. Sender policy framework (SPF) SPF classic was created by Meng Wong as an extension to SMTPT to solve the security weakness associated with SMPT. For instance, the current SMTP-based email system does not have the capacity to provide verification of the sender’s identity [3] [4] [5]. Previously, this protocol was known as the Sender Permitted from (SPF) but was later changed to Sender Policy Framework (SPF). It uses DNS to store its protocol policy. The domain published a TXT or SPF record in the DNS. Noteworthy, the records are just arbitrary texts developed into the DNS record. In addition, the network administrator, rather than the system itself, insert the texts (Fry 79). SPF classic created by Wong is useful in the identification of the servers from which an email is coming from. These remote servers are permitted to send mails on a specific domain of internet. For instance, the @domain.com is added as a TXT record into the DNS info (Zelkowitz 56). The SPF record acts by identifying the IPs that are allowed to send outgoing email from a given domain. On the other side, the destination MTA receives the email and completes a process of checking the client’s IP address. In this case, a number of outcomes are possible. For a mail coming from the authorized users, it should be safe. Secondly, for emails coming from the unauthorized server, it is possible to be forged. For instance, “cs.nctu.edu.tw”, “cs.nctu.edu.tw” and “csmailer” are the authorized servers. As evident by the example, they proceed in this pattern- “csmaile, csmailgate, csmail” and are the authorized m
In literature as in life, there is often a conflict between individual expression and the perceptions of the community. Sometimes these differences are sufficient to force the individual to completely suppress their identity rather than face the wrath of the community. This was often the case with women as they struggled to overcome the role definitions of the 18 th and 19 th centuries. However, this wasn’t the exclusive domain of women; men who did not fit within the socially prescribed roles also often had difficulties. This is the case in Sherwood Andersen’s short story “Hands.” The conflict between individualism and community in “Hands” shows that communities like Biddlebaums’ Pensylwania community use violence only against individuals who pose a threat to their stability. The main character in the story is Wing Biddlebaum, who was originally called Adolph Myers and whose personality in his older years in Winesburg, Ohio is significantly different from his personality in Pennsylvania as a result of the violence done to him in the eastern town. Far from the recluse of Winesburg, Myers was a man who was much involved with others when he worked as a teacher in the Pennsylvania town. “Adolph Myers was meant by nature to be a teacher of youth. He was one of those rare, little-understood men who rule by a power so gentle that it passes as a lovable weakness.” As the story reveals, his individuality was expressed not only in his quiet manner and dreamlike view of life but also by the expressive hands that helped him formulate his thoughts. “Here and there went his hands, caressing the shoulders of the boys, playing about the tousled heads … In a way, the voice and the hands, the stroking of the shoulders and the touching of the hair were a part of the schoolmaster’s effort to carry a dream into the young minds. By the caress that was in his fingers, he expressed himself.” By itself, this was seen as a harmless trait and Myers was well-respected as being inspirational among the boys. However, when one boy misconstrued the touches to be something more than they were and then started to spread lies about them, the community reacted immediately and violently. “Hidden shadowy doubts that had been in men’s minds concerning Adolph Myers were galvanized into beliefs. One afternoon a man of the town … began to beat him [Myers] with his fists.” The one answer Myers received as to the sudden change of heart regarding his status in the town was the repeated message that he should ‘keep his hands to himself.’ “Adolph Myers was driven from the Pennsylvania town in the night.” Although the town had intended to hang him for his disturbing and disruptive alleged activities, hi
Introduction Afghan handmade rugs are traditional textiles for covering a floor that is produced on looms with the use of natural dyes. The carpet industry in Afghanistan employs more than one million people from the country’s rural areas (BACCI, n.d.). The aim of this paper is to develop a brief of a core international strategy for the production of handmade Afghan rugs. Business Definition The company will focus on the design and production of Afghan hand weaved rugs for both domestic and international markets. The company plans to shift from targeting private customers to corporate customers as soon as it acquires international brand recognition. Customer Needs to be Addressed The business will meet the demand for Afghan handmade floor coverings that have skyrocketed over the last few years. While in 2005 handmade rugs accounted for 23 percent of the U.S. rug imports, in 2011 the shipments from Afghanistan amounted to almost 50 percent of the total number (Leahy, 2012). The existing customer demand allows us to increase the export of Afghan hand weaved and hand-knotted carpets by five times up to $40 million annually (Leahy, 2012). Technologies Used Carpet looms of various sizes, carpet scraping and drying machines, miscellaneous hand tools (Chaudhary & Saha, n.d.). Customer Segments Served The business will cater to the demands of three customer segments: hotels, corporate offices, and private individuals. Products Offered The business will offer several types of products: felted wool carpets, fabric woven carpets, and knotted carpets. Geographic Scope The company’s manufacturing facilities will be located in Afghanistan with the United States and Canada being the countries where the products will be sold. Strategic Thrust The company identifies supply chain management as a strategic thrust that has to be addressed over the medium term (3 years) in order to gain a competitive foothold in the market. In order to streamline the chain management process and gain more control over inventory, it will use the aid of modern technologies and software such as FlashView. The program will allow reducing operational costs by providing supply managers with the ability to digitally organize inventory as well as manage and track shipping data with ease (FlashGlobal, n.d.). Direction The company intends upon growing the size of its business as well as the scope of its operations. Rate In the first year, it will open one facility in rural areas of Afghanistan, adding one to two new locations during the next three years. Performance Priorities 1 st : Market share 2 nd : Revenues 3 rd : Profitability Financial Targets 1 st Increase market share to 5 percent of the total number by utilizing strategic thrust and smart hiring practices during the first year of operation. 2 nd Increase revenue of the business to $10 million by extending the geographic market area and entering into profitable sales agreements with corporate clients such as hotels and corporate offices during the thi
Admittedly, many high school student-athletes strive to enter a college or a university to pursue their athletic career (Sanders et al. 23). Many of these students dream of a professional career. Some see their athletic achievements as the way to obtain higher education. However, it is important to note that often college years fall short of student-athletes’ expectations. One of the greatest issues concerning student-athletes’ education is that this group of students is often isolated. Another problem concerning student-athletes is that they as well as educators often pay little attention to these students’ academic performance. Thus, student-athletes turn out to be unprepared to become successful members of society as they lack the necessary knowledge and skills while their past athletic achievements are not taken into account any more. Fortunately, educators have acknowledged the major issues in this sphere and many steps have been made to solve the problem. Thus, many schools implement policies aimed at involvement of student-athletes into the mainstream of students. Apart from this, specific educational programs and approaches are being designed to improve student-athletes’ academic performance (Schellhase 18). Therefore, student-athletes can be sure that even if they do not pursue athletic career, they will be prepared to find their place in the contemporary world. Some people believe that athletes can succeed in their sport careers only. Likewise, student-athletes are still often regarded as those who should defend the school’s honor and who are not required to achieve some academic goals. There is still a kind of classification of students where successful students and successful athletes are in different camps. Nonetheless, this classification leads to unfavorable outcomes especially when it comes to student-athletes. In the first place, student-athletes are often alienated from the rest of the students. Many student-athletes focus on their athletic performance and often try to succeed in their athletic career at the expense of their academic performance. These students set limits and this becomes quite a difficult problem to solve in their after college life. Some may argue that student-athletes should only blame themselves as they fail to study properly. However, the problem is much deeper than that. It is necessary to admit that student-athletes often lag behind their fellow students. Nevertheless, it is not about their being too lazy or narrow-minded. Athlete students often have to endure a lot of tension on the part of their coaches. These young people also face such challenges as “time constraints” and “career choices”, “physical and emotional fatigue”, “institutional policies, discrimination; marginalization” (Simiyu 16). Reportedly, graduation rates “are on increase” nowadays (Simiyu 16). Ho
Introduction Networking involves the interconnection of computers, other devices, and communication channels to enable the sharing of resources, such as printers, and scanners, and at the same time, ensures effective communication between different elements across any network. The elements that are required for the networking are as follows; servers or workstation, network cards and cables, network operating system (Windows-NT, 2000, 2003, XP, and 2008 ), among others. There are various classifications of computer networks; these depend on the size, distance covered, and the architecture of the network involved. Such include Local area networks (LAN) covering a small region, like in an office or company connecting two or more computers and other resources; Metropolitan Area networks (MAN), spanning across a metropolitan or city, and connecting computers and resources of two or more locations within one city. Others include Wide Area Networks (WAN), connecting two or more LANs, and spanning over a large geographical area, using modern networking technology and architecture to enable communication and sharing of resources (Singh, 2007). For this case, the company should adopt a LAN because of the small geographical area. LAN technologies are recommended for the apartment building because of the following reasons. First, the organization is small, meaning that there are not so many activities and people involved, and the services provided by adopting LAN technology will ensure efficient and reliable sharing of resources, communication, and eventual productivity of the company. The cost of acquiring and installing the LAN technology is minimal compared to adoption of other technologies. In terns of costs, the network cards and cables are cheaper. Maintenance costs are also low because the technology uses less sophisticated elements in networking. The technology ensures that all the elements within the network are monitored easily and efficiently, especially with the adoption of the star, or ring topology. In this case, the star topology is preferred because of lower cost of installation and low maintenance costs involved. The LAN technology will ensure faster transfer of data and information, especially through the use of fast Ethernet, and hence reduce traffic across the entire network. The devices required for the entire networking process are less and cheap within the market; for example, network cables and cards are relatively acquired at low or favorable price. There will be minimal attenuation of signals because of the small size of the company, which will ensure maximum and efficient usage of bandwidth acquired from the Internet service providers (ISPs). The technology allows addition of more computing resources without necessarily affecting the entire company; hence, there are minimal chances of reduced productivity. Because of the small size of the company, LAN technologies are flexible in case of future expansion plans within the company; in addition, changes will be made more easily on the n
Introduction No one can negate the fact that medical research is in deed very important in the field of medicine. It generally represents various types of researches like applied, transactional or basic research that are usually carried out with a main aim of supporting knowledge present in the field of medicine. Conducting medical research may involve use of animals, simulations on computers and experiments conducted with cells as well as other organs and tissues. However, the most common type of research involves use of animals since they have been used for many years. This is due to the fact that some animals are similar to human beings in several ways and therefore they can be used effectively to conduct some of the necessary steps and procedures in medicine. However, the practice has raised considerable debate about the correctness of using animals for medical research due to moral and ethical implications of the same. Some people feel that use of animals should be banned while others feel that the practice ought to continue. Therefore, this paper shall critically analyze the question whether animals should be used for medical research. Thesis As much as it is a controversial topic, there are many reasons that support the use of animals in medical research. To begin with, benefits that the human fraternity has benefited with due to use of animals in research need no further emphasis. The research has accomplished much in the scientific field since scientists have been using animals to test their theories and alter the same in accordance to the results obtained. No one can actually stand and declare that they have not benefited from animal research and if not so, people closely related to them may have reaped a lot of benefits from the same. A lot of the vaccines and the antibiotics that are being used currently have resulted from the animal research. The practice can be termed as a life saver because many lives are saved every day by the practice. Scientists use animals to test new medications as well as new treatment procedures like surgery since many animals are almost like human beings and respond to medicine and other forms treatments in similar ways. It is therefore possible to use animals while testing the dangers and the toxicity of new drugs and by so doing; it is possible to protect human beings from the dangers that can emanate from the use of such drugs. Anyone who can figure out the dangers of using medicine without testing the reaction of the same cannot possibly oppose the use of animals in medical research. The main reason of the practice is to ensure the safety of human beings in all circumstances which is equally important as preserving life. Human life is very important and should be preserved at all costs. Medical research not only allows treatment procedures to be carried out, but it also enables researchers to come up with vaccines that are used for prevention purposes. Disease prevention is very im
Introduction It is only after seeing the company’s brand identification that consumers will get the temptation to buy products in the firm. Therefore, the common aim of developing a good brand to all business organizations is creating new and loyal customers. In the past, in order to offer customer loyalty, business organizations employed classical techniques such as pricing or placing techniques based on products or services. De Pelsmacker.et.al (2006). However, this has shifted to brand identity, brand positioning and integrated marketing communication (IMC) in the modern world. This report seeks to examine the relevance of brand identity in the context IMC, discuss issues contributing to successful brand positioning in the UK market and develops a well designed IMC strategy with a keen interest to helping Burt’s Bees achieve communication objectives for market penetration in the UK. De Pelsmacker.et.al (2006). Brand Identity Integrated marketing communication (IMC) has been broadly accepted, thus becoming an essential part of brand strategy that requires broad brand improvement activities within the company before the start of any external brand communications efforts. Brand development and management should be used for instigating and sustaining continued dialogue with clients as well as promoting relationships amongst them. De Pelsmacker.et.al (2006). Therefore, strategically oriented integrated brand communication will help Burt Bees to progress in this competitive world of business. Even though various factors influence customer-based brand identity, including price, product, and distribution, in this paper, I will focus on the influence of IMC on brand equity. De Pelsmacker.et.al (2006). Brand Identity Strategy and IMC Creating and sustaining a brand identity is viewed as the first step towards developing strong brands. Three years ago Pickton and Broderick (2004) claimed that the study on the management, development and significance of brand identity is necessary to keep the importance of academic brand development research to the marketing practice. While brand identity assists in establishing a relationship between the customer and the brand through generating value proposition that involves emotional, functional, or self-expressive benefits, it becomes very difficult for brand identity to perfectly match with brand image following the intricate nature of the existing communications system. Fiske (1994), observes that, brand image is one of the input and should be an integral part of strategic brand analysis where brand strategists carefully evaluate their existing brand image as well as those of competitors to assist them in establishing their own brand identity. After creating a brand identity the business organization should consider how suitable the intended positioning is against the brand’s identity i.e. after developing a unified brand, the organization should come up with the ways in which the identity will be communicated to all agents