ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Writers usually deploy a lot of literary devices like symbolism, imagery, metaphor, and simile to communicate to their audience, apart from achieving the objective of enhancing the quality of their work. This becomes apparent in the poem, “Facing It,” by Yusef Komunyakaa, where the author effectively articulates both the literal and figurative aspects of his message through the use of rich symbolism and vivid imagery. This literary technique allows the reader to form a connection between the direct concrete meaning of the words that the writer uses to communicate his anguish and their deeper abstract meaning. The poem portrays a vivid image of the emotional rollercoaster the author is experiencing as he visits the Vietnam Veterans Memorial. “Facing It” successfully incorporates the use symbolism and imagery throughout the structure of the poem and its carefully chosen words enable the reader to analyze and interpret the poem’s psychological themes and meaning as they relate to the mental state of the protagonist. This poem is structured in one long stanza, which overflows with the nostalgic memories of a veteran soldier, who has served the American Army during the Vietnam War. The richness of the symbolism in the poem becomes amply evident right from its beginning where the author connotes to the protagonist’s ethnicity by using the words “black face” which may be an allusion to his being a Black American and having experienced discrimination at the hands of Viet Cong as well as the country he fought for. Besides, the color black itself represents a sense of gloom that encroaches the conscience of a war veteran when he visits a memorial created in the honor of those who died in the said war. Moreover, it appears that the author wants to foreshadow the essence of human tragedy by hinting to this gloom and finally connecting it to a reality, where, towards the end
Crime has been experienced in many countries where criminals have embarked on committing capital offences. Tough punishment should be imposed to those found guilty of the offence without favor. However, many people have fallen victims of conviction of crime they never committed and even imprisoned for a long period though innocent. This offender’s several attempts to make appeals in habeas corpus have failed due to impediment of cases in the current set up of state supreme courts. Innocent people have spent plenty of their life in prison with crimes they little know about. This is the reason that makes me feel that the federal courthouse be opened to ensure that justice is maintained to all. To support this, we observe that murder prisoners are only allowed to appeal against their case by filing to the immediate appellate court above the trial court. This actually cannot help much because the previous trial having been determined by almost an equal jurisdiction could result in court interference. Actually, the offender might even receive harsher punishment than the previous one (Gould, 2004). As we observe the case of Rodriguez (1973), he was a state prisoner who enjoyed good time credits for discipline. His petition for his case was dismissed by the lower court for the reason of petitioning at a later stage after confinement was staged. The US Supreme Court later overruled the ruling on the ground that the duration and the facts that made the petitioner to appeal were correct and the person was entitled to release. By this we observe how judges of these courts are ignorant and this call upon the attention of the federal house to reconsider reopening their doors to address these issues (Leo, 2005). Another reason that needs to be addressed by these courts is the issue of discrimination. We see two individuals committing the same crime but receive different judgments; one offender commits a crime of murder in one location and receives a life imprisonment; another person convicted of the same crime receives death penalty (Bedau, 2007). Judges may have disparity in sentencing the offenders when they exercise their jurisdiction power to impose different penalties on law breakers charged with similar offences, this has made the experts on law reforms to move quickly and try and solve this problem. Arkansas prison was declared unconstitutional for several reasons. The federal officials observed that there was violation of human rights th
Introduction: Smoking as an Unhealthy Habit vs. Smoking as Personal Choice There is no doubt that the age of an average smoker is gradually decreasing. To make the matter worse, smoking is being promoted to teenagers directly. One must admit that the issue of smoking propaganda is quite a two-sided sword. On the one hand, it is a matter of personal choice, and teenagers have the right to make their own decisions just as much as adults do. On the other hand, it is necessary to take into account the argument that the values that are accepted among teenagers are rarely based on concerns for health. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the key factors that induce smoking among teenagers and provide alternative propaganda that will stress the necessity of a healthy lifestyle. Teenagers and Smoking: the Key Factors for Developing the Bad Habit, or Five Basic Mistakes As it has been mentioned above, smoking is being constantly advertised to teenagers wherever they go. It would be wrong, however, to blame the mass media solely; there are a number of other sources that contribute to developing the bad habit. The example of the members of a wrong company In one of the most famous scenarios, getting under the influence of the wrong people seems the most tangible threat. In their attempt to fit into the school mini-society, teenagers often copy the behavior of the so-called leaders of the group, who, in turn, often use bad habits as the means to prove their quote-unquote “toughness” (Scales et al ., 2009). A very basic reason, peer influence still proves to be the strongest, since it addresses one of a man’s key primary instincts, i.e., being able to integrate into the community (Orosova et al ., 2008). Stricken by a panic attack: when a cigarette helps deal with fear As some researches show, teenagers often smoke to calm down. In the moments of stress, such as taking exams, arguing with parents, etc., teenagers, unable to handle their emotions, resort to tobacco to keep cool (Camp, Klesges & Relyea, 1993). Developing addiction: nicotine crawls down the veins Even though cigarettes develop rather mild addiction compared to the effect of drugs or alcohol, it is still necessary to admit that smoking causes psychological and even physical dependency on nicotine. Providing a moment of relaxation, nicotine quickly becomes an easy way to calm down or to get a hold of oneself. Modern commercials do not even hide the fact that teenagers resort to cigarettes as an alternative to having rest or a moment of relaxation: “After a long day of hard work, there is only one cigarette that saves the day” (Allen, 2012). In pursuit of adult life: cigarettes as an obvious attribute of a grown man However, researches show that the impact of mass media also affects the lifestyle of young people. Companies not only advertise their brands – they create legends behind these brands, as well as the characters that promo
Research Methodology The Rationale behind the Use of iPad in the English Education in Turkey The main goal of this research is the analysis of the effectiveness of using I-Pads in English education in Istanbul, Turkey. The research will focus on the possible benefits which can be provided for students learning English with the help of using new technologies. The hypothesis of this research can be formulated the following way: such new technologies as I-Pads can be efficiently used for the needs of English education and contribute to the increase of the effectiveness of learning. To support the hypothesis and answer the research questions, sufficient data and evidence will be collected with the help of the questionnaires. The questionnaires must be developed for the members of the teaching community and the students as the respondents of this research study. Research Questions   * Question 1 : Does this new teaching method which is associated with using I-Pads and distance learning through mobile technology perform better than such traditional classroom methods as face-to-face course-delivery formats? It is necessary to use the nominal scale for working out the question. Its two independent variables are the traditional (face-to-face course-delivery format) and modern (the usage of I-Pads and the distance learning’s principles) approach to teaching and studying. The dependent variables are the levels of effectiveness of using this or that method which are stated by the participants of the research.   * Question 2: Are there any gender differences in using iPad technology between those male and female students who are enrolled in English education in Turkey which can influence the effectiveness of their studying? To develop the answer to this question, it is necessary to consider the notion of gender as a nominal scale with two cases which are male and female. It is possible to examine the influential differences which affect the quality of studying between males and females by focusing on their responses about the level of the effectiveness of their study.   * Question 3: Are there any obvious benefits from using I-Pads for English education in Turkey and the important advantages of this method? The nominal scale is necessary for developing the answer to this question which includes such two points as mobile and non-mobile technologies which can be considered as independent variables. Possible benefits and advantages of using mobile and non-mobile technologies will be discussed as dependent variables. Method The goal of the investigation will be achieved with the help of the analysis of the information given by the respondents who are enrolled in English education in Istanbul, Turkey. The instruments for the analysis are the special questionnaires which are worked out for the students studying according to the traditional approach (face-to-face course-delivery format) and for those students who use I-Pads and mobile technologies
Question 1 What are your fears about teaching primary science and technology? Point out 5 difficult concepts and/or ideas that you think are challenging to you as a prospective teacher. Explain why you believe these concepts are difficult to teach and/or learn. Answer Although the curriculum for primary science and technology is very basic, teaching it may require facing a range of challenges, which are linked to the specifics of the school environment, children’s background, and teachers’ proficiency. My fear is failing to motivate students to learn and being unable to help them to develop scientific curiosity. Furthermore, there are several concepts that I find difficult to address in the classroom setting. Specifically, I fear that it will be quite complicated to teach students about energy transformations due to the complex nature of the potential energy. Also, the concept of atmospheric pressure is a difficult subject since students may have trouble grasping the idea. For the same reason, the phenomena of speed and electricity might be not quite easy for students to embrace. Question 2 According to you, what is science? What is technology? How do you think the two are connected? Answer I believe that science is a system of knowledge about the world built on observations and experiments, which allows one to understand the nature of a variety of objects and phenomena. Technology, in turn, incorporates an array of tools that can be used to cognize the universe, determine the connections between seemingly irrelevant factors, and perform a detailed analysis to derive new knowledge. Therefore, science and technology are linked closely together, the latter being an important tool in making observations, scientific inquiries, and experiments required to draw inferences and build scientific theories. Question 3 According to you, what are the advantages and disadvantages of using the 5Es for teaching primary science and technology? Answer The 5E instructional model has gained a sizeable amount of popularity in the modern education system, with a range of schools deploying it as the basis for teaching students. In the context of the Science and Technology class, the 5E framework provides several opportunities for improving the learning process. Specifically, with the focus on engaging and exploring, the model will motivate students to develop a scientific inquiry and analyze the outcomes of their observations. Thus, students will acquire crucial skills that will help them to think critically and develop independence in their research. As a result, learners will gain the essential knowledge of how scientific theories are built a
Every modern business area is replete with original and promising ideas. For this reason, it is now extremely hard to remain relevant in the market even if your idea is a, by all means, breakthrough. The major reason behind such competitiveness is the symbiosis of the business idea and its economic, social, and legislative aspects of implementation. The book “Perspectives on Impact” is directly aimed at showing potential companies how their impact should collaborate with the business sector in order to create a valuable asset. The idea that every kind of investment is about obtaining some material value back in return is quite relevant for today’s business community with the appearance of impact investment. While some people believe that it deals with abstract investment of ideas expansion, the investors are still willing to return their efforts in any other way. Thus, such a practical tool on how to gain an advantage in the market, especially when it comes to investing, is a must-have handbook for potential business owners and companies. Another reading, which is also invaluable in terms of educating companies that aim at finding long-term partnerships with investors, deals with practical tools on writing reports on social impact. First of all, the patterns of report creation are converted into easy to perceive graphs and schemes that explain what major components create a relevant report. Among the most influential components are the convergence tools, mechanisms for impact assessment, and social return on investment, which shows how exactly the lives of stakeholders were changed over the process. Although the information provided by the Social Value is very engaging for both companies and stakeholders, the major components are not exhaustive and require further research in order to be applied.
Introduction The short stories “The Lesson” by Toni Cade Bambara and “Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?” by Joyce Carol Oates disclose the sudden realization of facts about life by two young female characters. When people encounter incredibly horrifying or disturbing situations or face facts about their conditions, and especially when the outcomes posed by the sudden realizations are not predictable, they tend to change greatly viewing life from different perspectives. The paper compares and contrasts the epiphanies of the major characters in the two short stories giving an account of what triggers the epiphanies in each of them and further addressing the insights that the characters arrive at about themselves, human conditions and the world at large. Differences In Toni Cade Bambara’s “The Lesson”, although she does not admit it, the main character Sylvia, a young girl learns a lesson about how life really is after the trip to the Toy store sponsored by Miss Moore, the young girl’s neighbor. Earlier on in her life, the young girl is just as cheeky as other little girls are and never stops to wonder about her situation. Her experiences of the trip to Toy store where Miss Moore takes them changes her perception about the society they are living in. Her friend Sugar seems to echo her thoughts when she says, “Imagine for a minute what kind of society it is in which some people can spend on a toy what it would cost to feed a family of six or seven. What do you think?”(Bambara 5). Through this trip, that she realizes that the society is not as fair as she thinks and that something is worth doing as Miss Moore always says. This shapes her epiphany and motivation to working hard and taking Miss Moore’s advice seriously. The epiphany experienced by the main character Connie in the story “Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been” is somehow different from this in that Connie has got no way out, hence the force into giving in to the rapist Arnold Friend’s demands since her fate seems completely determined. The freedom provided to her by her parents lands her into the hands of the rapist and a potential serial killer. She reflects back on her previous and current living style and wonders whether it will ever take after the life of her dreams. She comes to the realization of declaring the shape of her as determined by the rapist. Her epiphany seems different from that of Sylvia in The “lesson” in that she resigns into her fate by herself face whatever that may happen. The epiphany of the character Sylvia in “The Lesson” comes because of the challenge that she gets when Miss Moore her neighbor takes her for window-shopping together with kid friends in the neighborhood. This challenge shapes the perception of the kids towards life since they do not put much thinking into it. Their childish nature has blocked their sight in that they do not experience things evident in the society such as class d
Introduction Research is a process that enables people to increase their knowledge through undertaking surveys and experiments that seek to answer questions in the society. Through research, scientists and other researchers have proved many phenomena, and they have found solutions to problems that the humanity face. In fact, research helps people lead good lives since it is through research that new things are discovered, old things are modified, and other things found to harm a human life disregarded. The four readings present some techniques used to devise a good research. The works have addressed the issues associated with carrying out perfect research, and they try to prove why some methods of research are better than others. Each reading gives a systematic way in which to carry out research. However, these readings have differences in their approach and they do not give the best (indubitable) research method. Critique Joanne Martin’s article, A Garbage Can Model of the Research Process, tackles research as a process of proving or disapproving a theory. In this light, the main focus of this method is finding fault with a proposed theory; people already have a notion about what the research to be carried out entails, and they just wait for the completion of the research so as to know whether the phenomenon under research is true or not. Joanne’s view of research is not appropriate since it gives people some predisposed ideas about the results. Joanne refers to this as the rational model of research (Mcgrath, 1982). In this model, Joanne says that the first thing that a researcher ought to do is to formulate a problem. Then, the researcher selects the methods with which to carry out the research. This is followed by the analysis and interpretation of the results. Ultimately, these results are used to prove or disapprove the problem formulated by the researcher at the beginning of the study. This reading advances the scope of study to a large extent. Joanne takes a careful consideration in outlining these steps. He knows that research should be systematic, and he gives this credit to the steps he outlines. Stone also advances the field of research by writing two articles that are indispensable to anyone carrying out research. Stone gives many theories of research, and he provides credible examples about some research methods that have been tried and tested. First, he gives a detailed introduction to research, and he outlines things that are essential to carrying out research. He acknowledges the contribution of various scholars in the field of research, and he seeks to integrate the findings of these people to his own research so as to make his research credible (Stone, 1981). Stone notes that some people seek to undertake research without understanding the methods of carrying out research. He goes ahead and outlines the importance of knowing research methods. He makes it known that this is the initiating stage towards a good research. He also says
As a clinical educator in the adult care unit, choosing between a virtual sitter and a tele-wound consulting amenity is complicated. The community has an average age of 64 years, and thus most members are predisposed to falls, causing the need for a virtual sitter (Piau et al., 2019). Concurrently, there is a high prevalence of chronic illnesses such as hypertension, diabetes, and chronic pulmonary obstructive disease in the selected area. Medical physicians associate these conditions with poor wound repair and therefore call for establishing a tele-wound consultative center. These two innovative medical services would be of significant benefit to the population. However, in the prevailing circumstances, the hospital has requested establishing one the state-of-the-art health amenities. Establishing a virtual sitter or wound consulting amenities requires a critical analysis of the communities needs and the impact each of the amenities would have on the community, health practitioners, and the hospital. As the clinical instructor, I will prefer a tele-wound consultation center over a virtual sitter facility. The tele-wound amenity will involve the victim taking a photo or a video of the area affected by the laceration and sending it to a wound specialist. The wound specialist offers management advice to the patient on how to take care of the damage or visit the patient at their residence. The dilemmatic case would suggest why I would prefer such service over people of this age prone to falling. Piau et al. (2019) argue that more than a third of the patients aged 65 and above fall at least once a year compared. Medical practitioners associate falls with injuries in old-aged patients. However, the population has a high prevalence of diabetes, cardiovascular illness, and chronic pulmonary disease obstructive diseases. These diseases are associated with chronic lesions which do not quickly heal (Sharma et al., 2019). The establishment of a tele-wound service would help lesion care in this area and reduce the cost of the sick face to come to hospitals. The effect diabetes, COPD, and hypertension have on wounds need greater medical attention as it claims many lives annually. Sharma et al. (2019) argue that foot disease is a significant cause of mortality in diabetic patients. Diabetes mellitus causes compromised immunity and affects the wound repair process in the elderly. These patients find it hard to walk to health centers, and thus the establishment of a tele-wound facility would help in better lesion care. COPD conditions such as emphysema and pneumonia, there is poor oxygen supply to the vital body organs (Rasch-Halvorsen et al., 2021). Oxygen assists in wound healing, and thus these patients experience a delayed laceration healing process. In many victims, diabetes occurs concurrently with hypertension, and these elderly individuals experience delayed wound healing. Building a tele-wound center would be more impactful than a virtual sitter center. Starting a tele-wound center would be impactful to both the residents and the organization. It helps the professionals pro