ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction At the time of independence in 1776, the U.S was primarily an agrarian society, with farmers and artisans tilling land and conducting their businesses from home or small local shops. However, the industrial revolution brought tremendous and everlasting changes to the U.S economy and society; with major changes taking place in the agricultural, industrial as well as communication sectors. These changes have continued to take place within the U.S society over the centuries, giving rise to an information revolution that has helped to bring tremendous change to the way American people think and conduct their businesses (Brezina 8-9). How the industrial revolution changed the U.S economy In the years following the American Civil War, industries and modern businesses grew enormously. The U.S was among other global economies that were transformed from agrarian societies into modern economies driven by industry and the manufacture of goods. Machinery replaced manual and animal labor in agriculture and other sectors and various innovations produced better methods of manufacturing goods from the vast wealth of natural resources. From the setting up of America’s first factory in 1790 to the production of the first average American’s car by Henry Ford in 1908, the U.S.A had experienced tremendous changes which transformed the country from a very sparsely populated agrarian society into a highly industrialized and urbanized nation (Hillstrom 37-38; Brezina 5-6). The new industrialized society saw a tremendous growth in the number of factories and industries which in turn attracted jobless artisans and farmers into the new industrial centers to provide much needed labor. Massive movement of people from rural areas led to urbanization as existing urban centers expanded to a
Introduction This paper will provide a detailed business plan for establishing an agribusiness company. The company will focus on production of organic foodstuffs in the United Arab Emirates. The business plan will shed light on the business idea, the value proposition, and the technology that will be required to operate the business. A detailed marketing plan that highlights the target customers and the marketing mix will also be discussed. In addition, the business plan will highlight the governance and management structure, as well as, the company’s financial projections. The Business Idea The business idea is to establish an agribusiness company that focuses on organic agriculture. Organic agriculture refers to “a production system that sustains the health of soils, ecosystems, and people”. 1 It focuses on the use of farming techniques that promote sustainability by minimizing negative environmental effects. The company will focus on producing organic vegetables and fruits in Abu Dhabi, UAE. The vegetables that will be produced include tomatoes, onions, cucumbers, and capsicum. The fruits will include mangoes, oranges, and strawberries. The choice of Abu Dhabi is based on the fact that it has the largest population in the UAE. Thus, it is likely to have a high demand for organic foodstuffs. In addition, leasing land for farming in Abu Dhabi is cheaper than in other emirates. Value Proposition Production of organic fruits and vegetables is important due to the following reasons. First, organic fruits and vegetables will improve the health status of the residents of Abu Dhabi and the entire UAE. Lifestyle related diseases such as obesity and cancer are major health problems in the UAE. In 2013, the rate of obesity in Abu Dhabi was 33%, whereas 13% of the deaths were caused by cancer. 2 The high prevalence of obesity and cancer is partly attributed to consumption of processed and inorganic foodstuffs. Thus, the residents of the UAE are likely to consume organic fruits and vegetables because they have high nutritional value and insignificant pesticide residue. Moreover, organic vegetables such as tomatoes have high antioxidant capacities, which help in preventing cancer, coronary diseases, and rapid aging. Second, “organic fruits and vegetables taste better than their inorganic counterparts”. 3 Third, producing organic fruits and vegetables in Abu Dhabi will reduce the UAE’s reliance on imported foodstuffs. Imported fruits and vegetables often have negative health effects since the government has little control over their production. Furthermore, they are often exposed to contamination during transportation. Fourth, establishing an organic farm in Abu Dhabi will reduce the price of fruits and vegetables. The prices will reduce due to the short distance to the target market, which will minimize operating costs. Finally, production of organic fruits and vegetables will promote sustainable agriculture in the UAE. The company will avoid using synthetic fertilizers and pesticides that often reduce soil quality. Technical Model Technology The farm will use greenhouse and
It is important to understand that the primary goal of day treatment reporting programs is to provide to support to a juvenile offender after an adjudication to ensure that behavior is corrected, and similar issues will not occur in the future. Moreover, it is paramount to note that legal systems have been looking for various ways to use such initiatives because they are viewed as incredibly efficient. One of the core aspects that should not be disregarded is that such programs may be used as a particular assessment tool that would help to identify needs of a juvenile, and this approach may lead to numerous discussions. The issue is that it may be viewed as a particular form of punishment before a due process. However, the need to review strengths and weaknesses of this approach should not be disregarded. The biggest benefit of such initiatives is that they have access to enormous amounts of resources, and trained professionals would be capable of providing juveniles with services of highest possible quality. Moreover, the assessment would be reasonable and adequate. The problem is that an enormous percentage of young offenders that are forwarded to such centers are mentally ill, and they require a unique treatment. The age of a person is also vital most of the time and affects the decision-making process in such situations. Furthermore, other types of punishment may not be viewed as reasonable. Another aspect that is worth noting is that this approach would help to ensure that individuals are provided with help much earlier, and prompt treatment may be vital in some cases. It is imperative to understand that the identification of factors related to predisposition is critical most of the time, and would help to ensure that issues that a juvenile has to deal with are addressed. Moreover, a day treatment center may be viewed as a primary sanction against juveniles that are not violent (Siegel & Welsh, 2014). Moreover, it is imperative to understand that many young offenders are punished only with a verbal warning because they are not dangerous, and their offenses are relatively minor. On the other hand, some vital information may be obtained during such assessments, and it can be viewed as a particular contradiction. Also, it is necessary to understand that the difference between juvenile and adult legal systems is significant, and a young individual may not have an understanding of his or her rights. It is imperative to mention that preventive aspect needs to be taken into account, and a group theory that is common in such centers may be incredibly useful in some situations (Shoemaker, 2013). However, the problem that is currently present is that a consensus on particular aspects of risk assessment has not been reached, and it may be viewed as a complication mos
The first fundamental is introductory problem. Introduction of multidisciplinary or interdisciplinary team of professionals under the aspects of Management principals can be defined as the art of creating industrial relations of any kind. This is between people engaged in the industry, such as relation between employers and employees, relation between individuals entering into commercial contracts, relation between investors and debtors etc, in order to maintain true cooperation of all concerned along with motivating the entire deal into a positive favor. Efficiency of the introduction of multidisciplinary or interdisciplinary team of professionals lies in not only making the employees to work, but to make them work willingly, sincerely and consciously, by employing new knowledge, new methods, new designs, new machines and novel techniques of production and by allaying mistrust and antagonism. The introduction purpose takes account of a several activities, and the most important among them is making a decision what staffing requirements one have and whether to use autonomous contractors or take into service employees to meet these needs. These are appointing and training the most excellent employees, making sure that they are better performers, handling performance related problems, and ensuring that the human resources and administrational practices do the accepted thing to various set of laws. (Ruggiero, 2003) Thus, with that healthy relations between the management and the employees only can bring prosperity to the company. Thus, the leadership system or the Leadership of multidisciplinary or interdisciplinary team of professionals is not simply about trade unions and industrial relations between managements and employees. In fact, it is a definition, which portrays the projection and maintenance of understanding, togetherness, and essential values and ethics
The following is a research paper on exploring the dynamics of the Macau gaming industry situated in China in an attempt to establish the profitability and attractiveness of the industry through the application of the conceptual and theoretical tenets of Porter’s Foive forces Model. Porter details that an attractive industry is one in which the five forces work together to drive up the profitability and hence the attractiveness of an industry. He states that an unattractive industry on the other end is one in which the five forces drive down the profitability and hence the attractiveness of the industry. The paper takes both qualitative and quantitative research thrusts to tap both primary and secondary data requisite to fulfill the scope and objectives of the paper. Evaluation of gathered data shows that Macau is become more popular and somewhat more profitable that its USA based arch rival Las Vegas. The paper also entails the application of the PESTEL theoretical framework to characterise the environment within which Macau functions taking into cognisance the importance and direct bearing the environment has on the performance of the industry and individual firms in the gaming district of Macau. The paper also entails a thrust at some marketing models and thrust adopted in the gaming industry as way of weathering both vertical and horizontal forces advanced in Porter’s model. The outline culminate in presentation of possible research focuses for further probes related to the scope and objectives of this research endeavor. Introduction Strategising is the one key component of management and organisational leadership. The component is inalienable for all forms of business establishments in various global markets. This aspect of management is critical for the growth, survival, competitiveness of business entities particularly in the gaming industry In Macau premised in a complex and volatile business milieu. The component is even more critical for the gaming industry in Macau China which faces stern challenges that come with plying volatile and characteristically different global business marke
Introduction Minute-made orange juice has a pH of 2.80. The acidity will have a negative effect on the germination of the seeds. Sour conditions decrease the germination rate of seeds. The length of roots in a germinating seed is reduced by the acidic conditions, which, in its turn, affects the rate of germination of seeds (Lee 435). The seed membrane is permeable to water. Water is necessary for a seed to germinate. Hydrolysis of polysaccharides in seeds to simple sugars for the germination process is crucial. The permeable seed membrane allows water to enter the seed. Acidic conditions affect the permeability of seed membrane, thereby, reducing the chances of germination process (Lee 435). It has been acknowledged that legume type of plants are more sensitive to acidic conditions (Ahmad 5). Mung seeds are from legume type of plants, and that explains why their germination is significantly affected by orange juice acidity. A number of factors can affect seeds germination. Warmth, catalysts, and inhibitors can affect germination. Low and high temperatures cannot support germination. Temperature of 37 degrees Celsius is enough because it cannot
Introduction Ireland is a country among European countries that have been sexually repressed from the 1900s to late 1990s. Ireland was found to be more liberal when it came to issues of sex and cohabitation before marriage. Sexual revolution in Ireland was a social movement that posed a great challenge to the traditional ethics related to sexuality and associations between people in the entire continent. This happened back in the 1950s to 1980s. Most of the sexual practices that did not portray any ethical standards in Ireland were liberalized. These practices reduced ethical standards because they almost drained the Irish culture leaving the state under the western culture. Some of these legalized practices include abortion practices, contraception and pills, sex outside marriage, homosexuality, high sexual acceptance outside traditional heterosexual, nakedness in public without no fear, and monogamous relationships (Wilson and Donnan, p. 43). Although the sexual revolution gained its stability after 1950s, its roots in Ireland can be traced back as far as 1866. This was as a result of the age of reasoning due to enlightening of most people. This was meant for intellectuals and mobilized the power of reason in order to reform the society within Ireland. It also led to enhanced and advanced technological and social knowledge. This age of enlightening among people enhanced promotion of science and intellectual interchange and opposition of traditional practices like superstition, intolerance and abuses in church and the entire state. The liberation of sexual practices was also a result of the era of Queen Victoria. This was a period of peace, prosperity, and self confidence nationally (Wilson and Donnan, p. 45). Evolution and development of sexual liberation in Ireland Sexual revolution in Ireland came as a development of the modern world but led to a great loss power of virtues and moral values especially in the Christian religion. Modernity in Ireland came as a result of the western culture that was introduced after nullifying the tradition and culture in Ireland. This was due the advanced technology from the education and familiarization of manufacture of products that were used to enhance the sexual revolution. This led to rise of permissive societies in Ireland that accepted sexual freedom and experimenting of the sexual practices. This made sexual acts be liberalized and become rampant in the whole world. This was well portrayed in matters that were meant to separate the state from sexual matters and cause rejection to such practices like marriage, control of birth practices, as well as adultery (Wilson and Donnan, p. 21). Most of sexual practices spread due to the increased technology in the media services like the discovery of television in the 1950s which promoted means of communication in the entire state. Therefore, it was easy to pass information and convey new ideas to many people within a short period. This was also enhanced by the development of other mass media
Peterson Fan is majorly dealing with an employee attitude problem. Employee attitude problems have a very negative impact on an organization and especially on the bottom line performance. Most often, employee attitude is attributed to poor work conditions, employee inadequacy and a lack of employee appreciation programs. In this regard, employees at Peterson Fan are not coordinated and often show up to work late. These are clear signs of an attitude problem among employees. This is the main problem Peterson Fan faces and drastic measures need to be taken to ensure the organization doesn’t further slow down in performance and experience low profits. Firm’s Strategic Options The first option management has is to get commitment from the employees through a consultative approach. Management therefore has the duty to explain its concerns to the employees so they may understand why it needs to change the status quo. The ideal situation in this kind of strategy would be that employees are supposed to exert some form of self-control and improve performance in the long run. This approach is better than blindly carrying out an order which the employees wouldn’t understand why its been employed. However, this strategy requires mature employees in order for it to work. In a more ideal situation, the employees should see themselves as part of the managerial hierarchy and also be positively motivated for the strategy to work. Though all these factors are not present at Peterson’s Fan, management should use this strategy because it is better than the autocratic approach of giving orders to fire all poorly behaving employees. The implication of this approach is improved employee performance in the long run. This approach is supported by social studies done by Douglas McGregor which emphasize that controls or punishment are not viable methods of solving employee problems. The second approach the management could have undertaken was motivating employees into good work performance. Motivation should however be done through many structures such as improving the work environment, increasing the pay among other methods. Management can also review its company policies to ensure they are flexible enough for the employees to feel motivated enough to work. They also need to equally review supervisory practices and hygienic conditions in addition to improving employee appreciation programs and increasing their willingness to promote them. In this manner, employees will feel there is room for growth. The implications of this strategy may involve an internal restructuring of the company; especially if management is willing to consider employees as part of its management hierarchical structure. The strategy may also force the company to introduce new programs aimed at improving the motivational level of employees. Additionally, this may involve a change in leadership styles and management attitude. This strategy is also supported by the two factor theory that identifies hygiene and the need to motivate employees as some of the most important elements in im
Introduction Research shows that majority of population in Japan embraces health conscious and awareness dietary habits as one of the important factors promoting healthy living. Majority of the population within the country eat healthy food for the purposes of maintaining slimmer figures. Their concerns could be linked to most of the developed countries which include maintenance of weight balance and preventing chronic illnesses such as diabetes, obesity and heart diseases. The rate of obesity cases have increased for the last couple of years to an estimation of 3% of the population. This has made them to be more sensible and selective to what they eat. Most Japanese living in urban centers obtain their food from restaurants and some from fast-food centers. However, older generation living in rural areas depend mostly on traditional diet, they prefer local food to foreign dishes. The young generation on the other hand is adopting the western kind of diets at a very high rate, this present rich market for fast-food restaurants like Wendy International Inc. (Euromonitor International, 2009). Consumer Patterns in the use of food products Japanese consumers are mostly interested in sports nutrition products, these posses a challenge to food manufacturers who are required to have unique nutritional complex and thrilling profile for the purposes of attracting customers. According to research statistics an average Japanese diet is composed of 15% protein, the level of carbohydrates should be averagely 60% and 25% fat content (International Markets Bureau, 2010). Japanese households focus on eating averagely three meals per day; they consider meal times as social occasions where each enjoys eating with others. Japanese enjoy eating fast-foods at lunch hours where they prefer eating outside home. Dinner is usually consumed back home with common foods like meat, rice and fish. Research has revealed that the influence of western culture is leading the population towards consumption of snacks. The consumers have great sensitivity to pricing, this is evident from the level of sales experienced within the stores that indulge in selling of heavily discounted food comprising of those damaged in the process of packing and food that are out of season including those nearing expiry date. This means that for success to be realized, Wendy has to be very reasonable with their pricing strategies. The following table from the National statistical offices shows the average consumer spending on food within the year 2006 and 2007 (International Markets Bureau, 2010). Table 1: Consumer expenditure on food ¥ Billion                2006      2007     Bread and cereals        3,840.1   3,811.6  Meat                     3,636.9   3,637.6  Fish and seafood         4,410.6   4,342.5  Milk, cheese and eggs    1,994.9   2,000.4  Oil and fats             1,877.3   1,899.0  Fruit                    1,874.6   1,869.9  Vegetables               4,981.7   4,976.7  Sugar and confectionery  3,627.6   3,653.0  Other food               12,795.8