ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Teaching is the ability to influence and motivate students to act and think in a positive manner. The influence should be substantial and sustainable in order to make the desired impact on the life of students. Students should also be able to learn deeply from the attributes of their teachers. A teacher should always show a keen interest in their students and ensure that all students are comfortable with their learning environment. It is the role of a teacher to demonstrate that they have expertise on the subject matter and should deliver knowledge to students in an enthusiastic manner. A good teacher should go beyond textbook materials when explaining certain concepts to students. It is the responsibility of a teacher to research on the subject matter in order to convey factual information to students. A teacher should critically analyze the quality of a particular discipline and constantly look for any developments in the discipline to ensure that he or she is always admirable intellectually. An organized and efficient teacher should be a pedagogical expert who is able to set learning goals and objectives and work towards ensuring that the set goals and objectives are realized. A teacher should ensure that all the obstacles that may interfere with learning are out of the way. A teacher with pedagogical expertise grades and evaluates the performance of their students in a timely and fair manner. It is the responsibility of a teacher to encourage creativity among their students by accepting diverse opinions from students. Respect and integrity are essential qualities in a teacher’s career. It is the role of a teacher to help students discover their talents and abilities through motivational talks. Creative and critical thinking is very important for learners and this can only be enhanced by a teacher through engaging students in the learning process. A good teacher should provide feedback to his or her students on a regular basis to enable them to discover their strengths and weaknesses. It is the role of a teacher to ensure that students relate and connect well with each other by creating activities and sessions where students can socialize. A good teacher should be an excellent communicator both orally and in writing. A teacher should be well organized and at the same time be able to help students to communicate effectively. A teacher should be approachable and always available to students. A teacher should also mentor students towards achieving their goals in life by giving valuable advice and guidance to them. A teacher should connect with students easily and be able to understand the special needs of each student. Teaching students with special needs is a great challenge and it is therefore important for special education teachers to come with viable objectives that can guide them in teaching this group of students. The first and major objective of special education teachers is to meet the individual needs of each student. A special education class contains children with different types of
Introduction Strike, sometimes called labor strike or strike action, is a common strategy that labor unions use to express grievances of employees to the employers or the government. According to Özel (2015), the first strike recorded in historic books happened in ancient Egypt in 1152 BC when the royal artisans avoided going to work because of low wages. The modern-day strike organized by trade union leaders took shape during the industrial revolution in Europe where workers felt that they were always exploited and forced to work under an inhumane environment with very low wages. In modern society, trade unions are more organized and more coordinated than they were in the past. In Mexico, the labor unions have been fighting for the rights of employees across all sectors except members of the armed forces. Issues such as low wages, poor working environment, poor relationship between managers and employees, oppressive policies within working environments, and lack of safety for the employees are some of the leading causes of the strike. In this paper, the researcher will look at strikes in Mexico, determine how the country handles strikes, and compare it with the approach used in the United States. Strikes in Mexico According to Dubb (2013), Mexico is considered an emerging economy, with many of its sectors registering impressive growth over the recent past. A section of the society is very rich while others rely on daily jobs to meet the basic needs of their families. Although there is no precise current record of cases of the strike in Mexico, Gómez (2016) notes that such events are common in the country. It is true that the rate of the strike in Mexico has significantly dropped compared with what was the case in the 1990s. On
Introduction The case “The Graham Family and the Washington Post Company” describes how appropriate leadership strategies, proper decision-making processes, and combined family efforts can transform a company and make it profitable. However, the article reveals that family businesses such as the Washington Post Company might not be easy to manage. This paper gives a detailed analysis of the unique problems facing the company and goes further to offer evidence-based recommendations that can transform its business model. Problem Definition Despite such achievements and the ability to manage the Washington Post Company successfully, the new era had presented numerous challenges and obstacles that could break or make the family-owned business. The case study indicates that problems of managing a family business could be addressed when the stakeholders supported its agenda. Since this corporation was operating in the communications industry, its television segment was facing a powerful challenge from the development of the World Wide Web (Barnes 2). The emergence of the Internet was also going to interrupt the company’s business model. Additionally, more companies in the industry were focusing on cable (Barnes 2). These challenges must be addressed if the company is to continue supporting its customers’ needs. The changin
Strengths and Weaknesses of Described External Analysis There are noticeable strengths and weaknesses of the external analysis presented in the case study by Paul Walley. One is the well-identified competitive advantage of The King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH & RC). These are tertiary and quaternary care, namely oncology, genetics, and transplants (Whittington et al. , 2019). Clarity of definition of competitive advantage is driven not only by senior leaders but also by a distinctiveness of explanation of the organization’s resources, competencies, and capabilities (Whittington et al. , 2019). However, according to the PESTLE analysis framework, key factors such as political and economic were poorly evaluated ( PESTLE analysis , 2020). These are the weaknesses of the described external analysis. Alternative Analytical Tools The author of this work believes that two tools could be used to improve the external analysis described in the case study. They are the PESTLE analysis, which has already been mentioned above, and the SWOT analysis. The researchers note that PESTLE analysis considers six key external sources of influence, namely “Political, Economic, Sociological, Technological, Legal and Environmental,” to assess the situation of the organization in the industry. ( PESTLE analysis , 2020, para. 1). In contrast, SWOT analysis considers the other four affecting factors, which are “Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats” (Olyaeemanesh et al. , 2018, p. 1). There are several reasons why these particular analytic frameworks would be useful for the presented external analysis. Justification for Alternative Analytical Tools The author of this work recommends PESTLE analysis because it is specifically focused on external factors. As was noted above, it was the political and economic elements of external influence that were not considered in the external analysis described by Paul Walley (2019). Moreover, PESTLE analysis can accurately predict future business threats (Akman, 2020). SWOT analysis, in addition to external factors, would allow one to analyze in detail unaccounted internal problems, such as hiring, recruitment, and training of highly qualified specialists for tertiary and quaternary care. Reference List Akman, M. K. (2020). ‘Defence management and pestle analysis’ , Ante Portas – Security Studies , 1(14), pp. 93-102. Web. Olyaeemanesh, A. et al. (2018). ‘Iran’s health system transformation plan: A SWOT analysis’ , Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran , 32, pp. 1-9. PESTLE analysis (2020). Walley, P. (2019) ‘Strategic planning at King Faisal Hos
For the current research project, the longitudinal study seems like an appropriate design. Longitudinal studies are mainly used to assess the processes that take considerable amounts of time to have an effect. They measure certain variables through multiple surveying. A longitudinal study is one of the best designs to use when change is under research. The present study is aimed at implementing change management. Revealing possible benefits and drawbacks of this management model in the paperless environment project in General Civil Aviation Authority (GCAA) could take time. Change often has short-term and long-term effects, so there is a need to conduct several assessments in the course of the study (Bryman & Bell 2015). Longitudinal study design will allow tracking all changes that happen after the implementation of the chosen intervention. The project will focus on the three main areas: employee’s printing behaviors, automation of business processes and introducing new tools and technologies. In all those areas longitudinal study will allow to thoroughly assess the results of the planned interventions. Printing behaviors may change with time. There is also a risk that after the implementation of change management techniques the positive result will be observed, but after a certain time, the effect of the intervention may be minimized due to lack of belief in the chosen course of change. Longitudinal research design could help address this problem. Business process automation is not a trivial task and requires plenty of preparations and adjustments (Cichocki et al. 2012). Along the way, there can be some hindrances that can undermine the implementation process. The chosen study design will allow timely noticing and recording those obstructions. The same issues may occur with the implementation of new tools and technologies. It may be hard to assess the effects of change at once so multiple inquiries could help gather all-around information about the intervention. Therefore, longitudinal study design seems to be best suited for the tasks of the current research project. Experimental study design cannot be used for the current research. It involves a researcher being able to control the process of implementation and manipulate the variables in order to conduct a scientifically viable experiment (Montgomery 2017). In the environment chosen for the current study, it is deemed hard for a researcher to control anything, as it requires certain authority. This design is better suited for laboratory setting rather than for a budgetary institution. A cross-sectional design could be used for the current study, but there is also a reason for not implementing it. Similarly to the longitudinal design, it uses multiple assessment occasions but unlike it, does not necessarily imply surveying the same people. In the current research project, it is viable to ge
Introduction The essay is an in-depth examination of ethical consideration in quantitative research studies in nursing. As quoted in NIH Office of Extramural Research, 2008: 2 it is important to always remember that research studies that entail data collection and actively involved human subjects, need to maintain the very high level of ethical standards. Ethics generally refers to the manner with which steps are adequately followed to the later with regards to a given topic to uphold integrity (Polit & Beck, 2007). Ethical Issues In the scenario given, there are ethical issues that need to be addressed before the study is carried out. One major ethical issue in the design is in regards to confidentiality. It is not clear how the researcher intends to conceal the identity of his/her human subjects. Additionally, we are not told whether the researcher will adequately inform the subject concerning the study before carrying out the study. Ideally, human subjects need to provide information without any form of inducement. However, in cases where there are such things as incentives given, then there is a need to justify the same. This is in line with the provision of the NIH Office of Extramural Research, 2008: 78. In this study, the researcher clearly states that nurses who will work for 16 hours will be paid double for the extra 8 hours; the rationale behind this is not explained succinctly. Similarly, it is unethical to subject nurses to work for the stipulated amount of time as it will pose a risk to patients’ lives. According to Department of Health and Human Services 2009 subpart A 46.111 it is worth noting that the information collected while soliciting for data is to be kept confidential and opts not to be used in any other purpose apart from what was initially intended for; this is not provided in the design. IRB approval It is the responsibility of the IRB board to approve, disapprove or call for modification of a proposed study. If I were an IRB reviewer, I would not allow the study to be carried out the way it is. My reason is derived from the concept of minimal risk. As suggested by Department of Health and Human Services 2009 subpart A 46.111there is needed to ensure that the chances, as well as the degree of damage or uneasiness probable in any research study, opt not to be greater as compared to those faced ordinarily in a natural setting while executing similar examinations be they physical or psychological. On the same note, the design has not yet provided for privacy and confidentiality of the subject, there is no evidence of informed consent from each human subject, and more importantly, risks are not minimized and when the same is balanced with the anticipated benefits, the former out-weighs the later. Preventing ethical breach For the researcher to address the ethical issue raised and probably continue with the study, there is a need for a bit of modification to be done especially in study design. Instead
Introduction Technological advancements exhibited in the communication industry calls for stringent measures to ensure security of information transmitted in the distribution channels. Such information is protected by transforming the messages from their original readable text to more complicated form known as ciphertext which requires special knowledge to access. This encryption technique ensures confidentiality of information as only the transmitter and the recipient have access to the secret key needed to decrypt the message (Breton, 1999). Encryption has been successfully employed by many governments as well as militaries in enhancing the secrecy of their communication. It is currently utilized in many civilian systems to protect data both in transit as well as stored information. Data stored in computers or other storage devices such as flash discs can be protected against leakages through encryption. Encryption of data on transit is also necessary in protecting such information from interception during communication through telephone, internet among other communication systems (Breton, 1999). Applications of encryption Pretty good privacy (PGP) This is one of the encryption applications developed in early nineties by Zimmerman to enhance cryptographic security of the information transmitted. PGP is a cryptosystem encompassing both the public key as well as conventional cryptography and is meant to compress information transmitted when plaintext is encrypted with the PGP. As a result, both space and time are effectively utilized (PGP, 20
Introduction In the rise and fall of nations, peace and violence have played an integral role. Any change, be it at the personal level or a group or national level has always associated itself mostly with social turbulence. However, social change as has been demonstrated so vividly by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is possible through a principled stand and rigorous adherence to the precepts of non violence. Gandhi relied on the age old concept of Ahimsa or non-violence to push through one of the most remarkable movements in the history of mankind which lead to the Independence of India from the British yolk. This essay aims to bring out the relevance of the concept of non-violence in bringing about social change. History The inequities of British rule and their harsh treatment and exploitation of the Indian masses had brought the Indian subcontinent to a boil. Gandhi realized the danger of popular resentment erupting into violence and decided on a course of action as only a few great men can do, to try a philosophy, a concept which till now had only been written in ancient Hindu textbooks. He embarked on a policy of Non-cooperation through non-violence as a means to unify the country and make the British realize that time had come to give India its freedom. In Gandhi’s words “Violence may for a moment avail to secure a certain measure of success but it could not in the long run achieve any appreciable result.” By setting in front of the people of India a personal example and qualities of leadership which prevented the masses from taking to arms, Gandhi achieved significant social and political goals. The British, faced with non-cooperative but non-violent crowds had to change their tack. Thus by not offering resistance, Gandhi effectively ‘shaped’ the British behavior and future response to the demands for Independence. As the movement became stronger and the obvious benefits more evident to the people of India, it gained popularity thus Gandhi through non-violence ‘managed’ social perceptions. In terms of international relations, both shaping and managing the socio-political environment was made possible by adhering to the precepts of non-violence which ultimately led to the achievement of the social and political goals. In the modern context, the author’s country of origin, Lebanon offers a striking example of contrast of how violence can lead to greater violence and destruction while adherence to non violence can bring in relative peace. Lebanon as is known has been a conflict zone for differing ideologies, competing players of international geopolitics and internecine socio-religious problems between the various sections of the population. Southern Lebanon, where the author originally resided had been turned into a battlefield by the Hezbollah in its unending struggle against Israel resulting in untold destruction of South Lebanon. Syria which had always played power politics in Lebanon continued its support of the Hezbollah and its own agenda against the Israelis with Lebanon being its playground.
Abstract Family structures are changing globally, and the definition of “family” is taking an unconventional twist with personal arrangements and belief systems, forming the basis of argument and justifications. Single parenthood is on the rise due to unavoidable circumstances such as the death of a spouse and in some instances, due to alternative family arrangements or decisions by spouses. Single motherhood is common to the society compared to single fatherhood, and the former attracts mixed reactions against the society members’ subjectivity. Subjectivity, in this case, refers to biased views and perceptions about single motherhood due to beliefs and ignorance that bring divisions in the society. This paper evaluates the society’s view on single motherhood by investigating how an individual’s level of political conservatism affects his/her perceptions of single motherhood. The study will base its investigations on the feminist theory to evaluate social structure’s influence on individual perceptions. Also, the study will employ conceptual and thematic approaches to analyze principles of feminist theory and to provide a general explanation to understand the question under study. To validate the study’s objective, it will employ ethnography to evaluate existing data and research further on trends and patterns to help understand the social phenomenon. In conclusion, the study will discuss the significance of the supporting data onto the sociological theory and suggest further research on the phenomenon. Research Question How does an individual level of political conservatism affect how he/she perceives single motherhood? Description of the Research Question and purpose Political conservatism addresses social framework that emphasizes stability and continuity to promote retention of social institutions. Conservative philosophies and ideals seek to preserve the originality and authenticity of social institutions and moral behavior (Dorey, 2011). In their view, the family is the basic social institution whereby child upbringing is the role of the spouses. That is, male and female partners join their hands and efforts to bear and take care of their children, thus, forming the basis of a nuclear family. In practice, political conservatism calls for the sanctity of marriage institutions while advocates the right to life for every individual as provided by institutional behaviors. Society’s view on single motherhood depends on an individual’s beliefs, his/her level of