ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Agitators have existed in the society from time immemorial in one form or the other. Some of the major objectives of these individuals include upsetting the status quo prevailing in the society (Bowers, Ochs, Jensen & Schulz, 2009). The motivation for such actions may be, among others, political, social, or economic. Agitators usually use other people to achieve their desired results of social alteration in the society. The Islamic State (IS) is an example of an agitator operating in the modern global arena. The group is also known as the Islamic State of Iraq and Levant/Syria (ISIS/ISIL). It has emerged as one of the most prominent agitating organization in 2014. The entity is a Sunni Islamist terrorist and insurgent group. It has operations in various nations around the world (Wood, 2014). It is believed that ISIS controls a number of regions in northeastern Syria and northwestern Iraq. The areas have been under the group since 2013. The current paper is written against this background of agitator groups in contemporary society. The agitator in this case is the ISIS. In the paper, the author analyzes how the organization is opposed to the U.S, which is regarded as the establishment for the purposes of this study. The various elements revolving around this conflict will be reviewed in detail. The ISIS as Agitator and the U.S as the Establishment ISIS has become a major threat to the security of both Syria and Iraq. The apparent socio-political risk has attracted a lot of attention from the international community. The terrorist group has its strongholds in the remote civil war torn provinces of Syria and the disaffected Sunni Muslim-residing regions of Iraq (Katzman et al., 2014). ISIS tactics in have attracted the ire and anger of the international community, especially the United States of America. The U.S as an establishment has apparently been a global leader in combating terrorism globally. ISIS is considered as a direct threat to the interests of the U.S. in Middle East (Katzman et al., 2014). ISIS level or significance of direct threat to the U.S. homeland security however remains currently unclear. Matthew Olsen, the National Counterterrorism Center Director in September 2014 advanced that ISIS poses a significant and direct threat to Syrian and Iraq civilians, as well as Americans at home (Harvey & Pregent, 2014). The chief argument for the potential threat posed by ISIS to the U.S. is related to the strategic goal of the group to establish an Islamic Caliphate. Wood (2014) argues that ISIS major objective is to establish the Caliphate through an armed conflict, especially with governments
Abstract The current literature review dwells on the success of Etihad Airways and assesses the current situation. The author provides evidence concerning the critical acclaim of the company. This literature review focuses on the factors that majorly contributed to the accomplishments of Etihad Airways. The paper emphasizes the importance of the marketing strategy chosen by the company and its tactical approach to providing excellent customer experience and high-class services. This literature review discusses the reasons that are implicitly related to Etihad Airways’ accomplishments and provides relevant examples from different areas of practice to support the hypotheses. The author pays close attention to the important peculiarities of the aviation business and compares the business models of other companies to the business model of Etihad Airways. The main objective of the current literature review is to analyze the background of the carrier business, logically associate Etihad Airways with its competitors, and realize the limitations of the current strategy of the company that might be revised in order to extend the company’s customer base and income level. Introduction The economic background of the United Arab Emirates is characterized by constant growth and improvement. Throughout several decades, the country was able to get to the top positions of various lists. The UAE became one of the most popular tourist destinations. This allowed the country to develop its financial state, and its major success is mainly caused by the correctness and adequacy of the chosen strategy. As a tourist destination, the United Arab Emirates had to take into account the presence of airlines that would provide users with quality service. The current literature review concentrates on Etihad Airways, its economic and marketing strategy, customers’ response to their approach, and overall success of the company. It also comprehensively answers the question of whether the company is economically stable and complies with the customers’ wishes and needs. The main objective of this literature review is to assess the current condition of Eti
An effective integration process meets managers’ objectives. What were these? Regional commercial banks merged and acquired to remain independent in an industry increasingly dominated by large players. The erosion of regulatory restrictions on pricing, products, and geographic expansion in this region. To survive in this ‘bank eat bank’ world, institutions found they had to grow and remain relatively efficient to position themselves to be the buyers rather than they bought. Therefore, regional banks integrated the information systems of merged and acquired institutions to gain economies, leverage standard product lines across an expanding distribution network, and bring their disparate parts under control. The institution under analysis is Wells Fargo & Companies. In the case of bank mergers, such as that of Wells Fargo & Company’s acquisition of Crocker National Bank, or the Bank of New York’s acquisition of Irving Bank Corporation, asset preservation and keeping key personnel and customers is crucial to their strategy. But cutting overhead and integrating operations is equally high in importance to keep costs down and improve profit margins (Bank of New York’s 2008). This is especially critical since banks tend to have similar assets, resources, and product areas. Thus, many areas needed to be consolidated, such as closing down overlapping offices, integrating the back-office systems, and merging similar operations. These performance objectives are not unrealistic per se (Carr, 2004). The nation’s largest banks are, on average, slightly less profitable than mid-sized institutions, but some large banks earn considerably better returns than the average. It is intended to provide savings in its own right and is an essential precursor to operational cost improvements. Some managers also recognize its dominant influence in creating administrative coherence–in digesting a merged or acquired firm (Baschab et al 2007). Bankers described two ideal processes they use for accomplishing integration-one for acquisitions and another for mergers. Acquisitions often involve a large, experienced firm integrating a smaller bank. Managers outline a cooperative process in which one partner dominates the other and assert that its information systems and operating procedures be adopted by its junior partner. The acquired firm accepts this directive because the other firm’s managers are ‘in charge. The integration effort us implementation- rather than design-intensive as the smaller bank adjusted its practices to conform with its new parent, eliminated jobs, and consolidated options. Ideally, the acquiring bank’s systems are technically and functionally superior to those of the acquired institution. If the latter have systems that were unique or innovative, these are adopted for the entire firm. New systems development, however, is avoided during the integration period to minimize technology-related risk. New technology from the viewpoint of users and s
What are the general principles for the management of Prescribed Industrial Waste? Some of the core and general principles include the following:   * Automobiles should only be allowed to operate after obtaining an EPA permit unless exemptions are given out.   * It should be mandatory to use the EPA transport certificates.   * Only licensed sites should be permitted for use when it comes to waste disposal that belongs to either category B or C.   * Landfills should not be used to dispose of wastes that belong to category A. When should something be considered a waste product? According to the Environmental Protection Act of 1993, the following classifications of products are considered wastes.   * Any disposed of, unwanted, ignored, rejected, or excess matter.   * It does not matter whether the above products are meant to be sold, recycled, reprocessed, reused, or purified by an independent operation. Typical types of wastes include:   * Commercial and industrial wastes are obtained from large-scale industrial operations as well as demolition and construction wastes.   * Municipal wastes gathered from residential settings and kerbside collection points organized by local councils. What are three impediments to establishing effective recycling schemes and how could these be overcome? To begin with, the situation barrier is one of the impediments. In this case, containers used for gathering and recycling wastes are largely inappropriate. There should be adequate recycling cans that accommodate a large variety of waste products. In addition, insufficient space might lead to a lack of enough containers for recycling. This challenge can be solved by making sure that waste products are collected more frequently. Second, behavioral and knowledge barriers can also impede the process. Individuals seem to be too occupied to an extent that they have little knowledge of what is supposed to be recycled. Hence, councils should establish local recycling schemes. Local populations should be taught the importance and technicality of recycling waste products. For instance, educational pamphlets can be sent out to them. Third, attitude can be a major barrier bearing in mind that some people hardly appreciate the importance of recycling because no awards are given out. Such a negative attitude towards recycling can be overcome by simple and plain information on the long-term benefits of recycling. Moreover, people should be encouraged by demonstrating the pragmatic effects of r
One of the challenges that the United States face is a growing risk of terrorism activities. In the United States, terrorism did not begin with the 9/11 attack; such an act only highlighted its devastating effects. In the United States, multiple strategies and responses have been developed to counter-terrorism. The military, as well as various public sector entities, are tasked with preparedness, planning, and development of responses to terrorist attacks in the United States. This paper presents the role of the military and public sector entities in responding to terrorist attacks in New York, with a particular focus on preparedness, planning, and development. Following 9/11, the New York City Police Department (NYPD) was the first major city police division to have a substantial operational in-house counterterrorism infrastructure. The system adequately covered the entire city and beyond and offered reliable means of sharing intelligence and developing strategies for combating the threat of terrorism (Committee on Homeland Security, 2019). The single significant element of the system that enhanced its success is the heightened collaboration and collective problem-solving. Terrorism activities are not limited by borders and, thus, entities that are working together include federal, state, and local agencies. These agencies include the Fire Department, Port Authority, and Metropolitan Transport Authority (MTA), in addition to other entities that serve as solid support to NYPD’s efforts in fighting terrorism in the state. The Joint Terrorism Task Forces (JTTF) are at the forefront of safeguarding the country from domestic and international terrorist attacks. The first JTTF was formed in New York City in 1980 and was constituted by Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) agents as well as other police departments in the state (Committee on Homeland Security, 2019). Currently, the units consist of highly trained investigators, special agents, analysts, as well as intelligence agencies. JTTF brings together multiple law enforcement partners around the United States. In New York, the unit helps to identify any suspicious transactions that may be associated with terrorism activities or plots. One of the sub-units under the collaboration is the NYPD Shield which is one of the umbrella counterterrorism initiatives in New York. The program encompasses a series of both current and future policy efforts that are associated with the private sector security as well as counterterrorism in the state. The public-private cooperation under NYPD Shield is built on offering the best-proven practices as well as lessons gathered, opportunities for counte
Whoever studies at college quickly learns that, in addition to the main subjects, there are a lot of additional ones. The latter seem to have been invented only to make life harder. Most students tend to think that the additional subjects are unnecessary, since they have nothing to do with the chosen subject area. However, most teachers still consider that learning additional subjects is necessary. Thus, it can be suggested that students can choose the subjects to study on their own. Before proceeding with the analysis of the opponents’ opinions, it is necessary to take a closer look at what defines the students’ choice. There are number of factors which impact peoples’ decision on what major or additional subject to choose, yet there are certain paradigms among the common choices. Learning more about these patterns, one can assess the students’ ability to choose their subjects more accurately. According to what Porter and Umbach claim, the students’ choice depends mostly on the following factors:  1. Social ones: “Social capital and cultural capital, largely represented by parental influence , have a significant impact on major choice” (Porter and Umbach 434);  2. The parents’ opinion: “Some research has linked the attention a mother pays to a student’s academic work to selection of a public service major” (Porter and Umbach 435);  3. Self-efficacy: “a large body of literature points to self- efficacy as an important factor of student major choice” (Porter and Umbach 439). Therefore, personal choice takes the third place, which means that students’ convictions about their future profession and what they are going to need to have it might not be formed yet as they enter college. However, according to the USA higher education principles, students are already informed enough to choose the college courses which will help them progress in their major. Consequently, students should be allowed to pick the subjects which they
Introduction As a ubiquitous abstract concept, integrity should not be reduced to superficial honesty. This essay provides and explains an extended definition of the term. In it, integrity is defined as an individual’s ability to stay honest, apply one’s core philosophical and moral beliefs thoughtfully and consistently, and find the balance between personal ethical ideals and job-related moral requirements. Integrity as the Consistency of Beliefs Integrity affects an individual’s decision-making in situations that require moral choices. Unlike professional and political contexts where ethical standards are in place, personal decisions do not necessarily require a person to be sincere, consistent, and not superficially honest. In certain contexts, the integrity of a person’s beliefs is accepted as a measure of mental health and adequacy (Příhodová et al. 24). At the personality level, integrity is the opposite of hypocrisy and refers to the wholeness and consistent benevolent application of one’s beliefs. For instance, if a person does not eat meat and accepts the philosophy of vegetarianism, which involves opposing animal suffering, refusing to wear natural fur or purchase non-cruelty-free products will be essential to retain integrity. In this sense, integrity is consistency and the unwillingness to “betray” one’s core beliefs and their direct consequences even if doing so would bring more personal profit. Integrity as Honesty with Others From my perspective, the key everyday manifestation of integrity is being honest with oneself and other individuals. Specifically, possessing the virtue of integrity involves the ability to adhere to the social norm of honesty and demonstrate this adherence consistently if a person expects others to do the same. In this context, from my observations, an individual’s integrity finds reflection in multiple seemingly insignificant efforts that tell a lot about moral levels. For instance, informing cashiers that they have given extra change instead of taking it, informing strangers that they have dropped something, and avoiding lying for personal profit can be some examples of moral wholeness. Therefore, honesty in interpersonal interactions forms the basis of my understanding of integrity. Professional Integrity Apart from its personality-level meanings, integrity can be related to moral and ethical standards peculiar to diverse professional fields. In psychology studies, professional integrity is defined as “wholeness, inviolability, and integrity of all personality structures and functions” applied to a person’s workplace activities (Příhodová et al. 24). Specifically, it involves coping with the “routine moral burden” of the profession and relieving tensions between the role-related expectations and the employee’s personal moral values (Příhodová et al. 25). Professional integrity is brightly manifested in aca
The behaviors of stress-strain curves vary in steel owing to the degree of carbon concentration in the compound. As such, they portray ductility or brittleness. The former behavior is typical of low carbon steel materials with concentrations less than 0.25% while the later behavior is exhibited by high carbon steel materials (>0.25%). Thus, the first sample with 0.1% carbon concentration assumes a ductile stress-straintrend (Fig. 1) characterized by a well-defined yield point preceded by brief yielding and a linear stress-strain relationship (an elastic region) respectively. The yield point is defined by upper and lower yield points with the later happening when the stress decreases with material elongation. Beyond this point, the material undergoes plastic deformation significantly with increasing stress to the ‘neck’ (point ‘D’). Beyond this point there is a significant decrease in cross-sectional area with decreasing stress ultimately snapping (at ‘E’). As such, while the recorded is shown by solid line, the one which is the true stress is indicated by the dotted ones (Giancoli 13). As opposed to the first sample, the second sample with 0.8% carbon exhibits a brittle stress-strain trend (Fig. 2) characterized by undefined yield point and, snaps unnoticed prior to a significant change in elongation. Young’s Modulus of elasticity (E) = ∆ in Stress/∆ in strain Thus, from the graphs below, ‘E’ can be obtained from the gradient of the linear sections of the graphs. Therefore, for the low carbon steel: E = (324-0)/ (1.90/100-0) =17.05Gpa Similarly, for high carbon steel: E = (905-0)/ (12.89/100-0) = 7.02 Gpa Both values obtained for Young’s Modulus are way below the expected. This is so because for low carbon steel a figure of approximately 205.9 Gpais expected, while for high carbon steel a figure of 199 Gpa is expected under normal temperature conditions. The discrepancy could be owed to systemic errors or, experimental errors e.g. unstable temperature conditions. However, as expected, the former’s ‘E’ is greater than the later hence it requires a relatively greater tensile stress to fracture. Graphs of the trends of behavior for the two samples. Graph 1: of stress vs. strain for sample 1 Graph 2: of stress vs. strain for sample 2 Sketch and classify the fracture of sample. Like it has been stated before, the two samples, with different carbon concentrations will portray different curve behaviors with the one with the least concentration (less than 2.5%) exhibiting a ductility behavior as opposed to brittle behavior reserved for high carbon ste
One of the institutes which has been given great attention in present times is the school which forms the core of the modern day educational system. This emphasis on schools has resulted in the formulation of laws which have made school attendance mandatory for children. Schools have been advertized as being the key to a high paying job and as such a brighter future. Such assertions have completely ignored the fact that one can have a bright future as well as a high paying occupation without the school system. In addition to this, the emphasis on schools fails to consider the fact that schools have many detrimental effects on children. This paper shall argue that schools are unnecessary to children since they result in the acquisition of vices and also result in a waste of time which would have been used in a more constructive manner. To reinforce this assertion, this paper shall demonstrate the negative effects that schools have on children so as to demonstrate that schools are unnecessary for children. Argument against Schools School teaches children a lot of negative values which are detrimental to the well being of the society. Holt (1969, p.2) declares that in school, the child learns to be lazy, how to devise ploys for deceiving others into thinking that he/she is doing something useful while he is not, and how to cheat. This vices that the child acquires are as a direct result of school since the vices are developed as a coping mechanism to the educational institute. As the child tries to come up with the best ways to deal with the school system, these ills present the best means for coping with school which is mostly boring. While it would be of little concern if the child left his ills in school, this is not the case. The child continues practicing this vices through his/her adult life therefore making him less productive to the society. It is a fact that most children are not interested in school, as they do not see its relevance in their lives. These children only attend school since they are forced to do so by their parents or other authority figures in the society. Insisting that such children attend school through the compulsory school attendance laws leads to resentment by such students. Rustigan (2010) asserts that when students do not see the relevance of education, they engage in truancy and other vices and eventually drop out of school altogether. This is an assertion that is corroborated by Holt (1969, p.3) who claims that students even turn to drugs as a means of shielding themselves from the cold and boring environment to which they are exposed at school. School therefore leads to the creation of children who will later on be troublesome to the society. The productive life of an individual is greatly inhibited by schools. This is because schools lead to a situation whereby a person has to wait for many years before they can do anything productive for the society. This is because the schooling system is structured such that students have to spend a certain number of years; through kindergarten,