ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Internet cheating can take many forms due to the advanced technology. The presence of ecommerce has increased the number of fraudulent deals in the internet. Prior to establishment and utilization of internet technology for commercial purposes, cheating on the internet involved social crime. However, with the increasing number of transactions in the internet, fraudsters are taking advantage of the situation. Liars are also establishing relationships and propagating plagiarism over the internet. These vices, which are all facilitated by the internet, fuel a debate on whether the internet is more harmful that it is useful. Plagiarism Plagiarism is the act of assuming another individual’s work without due consent. This vice has been present among people throughout history. However, the advent of the internet has worsened the situation since people, especially students, plagiarize other people’s work in the internet and present it as authentic academic work (Whittaker, 2011). Due to the complexity and the size of the internet, it is difficult to track down plagiarized documents. Furthermore, the act of plagiarism has been made easier since the web contains information in almost all disciplines. Students in academic institutions who post their genuine original work on the internet risk almost certain plagiarism by other students. Another factor that is fuelling internet plagiarism is that internet content is free for most of the websites (Smith, 2008). Some websites are offering papers for coursework at schools for money. These websites encourage plagiarism and make it seem like a normal practice. The trend of getting academic information from sites in exchange for money is slowly becoming an accepted way of doing coursework at major academic institutions. This is a worrying practice in the academic realm. Relationship Cheating Some of today’s relationships concerning couples were started using some form of internet connection. Development of numerous social sites has facilitated communication between total strangers. Through conversations and exchange of personal information, these relationships develop. Most relationships are developed in these sites without any physical meeting of the people in the relationship (Zeʼev, 2004). In most of the relationships, people present their exaggerated personalities. There is a tendency of people in internet relationships to lie about their economic or social status. In addition, people also lie about their physical attributes such as height or appearance. The misrepresentation of personal information in the internet by an individual is intended to impress the other party in the relationship (Loeser, 2009). However, arrangements for physical meetings often reveal that the other party has been lying over his or her attributes. This kind of cheating is difficult to prevent since the details of information shared between the parties in a relationship are usually private. In addition, there are no proper laws that govern the relationships established over the internet. Often, pedophiles and other criminals on the internet prey upon minors. Young people may be goaded to s
Abstract Scholars have engaged in an ongoing dialogue about the relationships among management, politics, and law in public administration. Collaborative governance presents new challenges to this dynamic. While scholars have made substantial contributions to our understanding of the design and practice of collaborative governance, others suggest that we lack theory for this emerging body of research. Law is often omitted as a variable. Scholarship generally does not explicitly include collaboration as a public value. This article addresses the dialogue on management, politics, and law about collaborative governance. It provides an overview of the current legal framework for collaborative governance in the United States at the federal, state, and local levels of government and identifies gaps. The institutional analysis and development framework provides a theory that incorporates rules and law into research design. The article concludes that future research on collaborative governance should incorporate the legal framework as an important variable and collaboration as a public value. Summary Overall, the article attempts to encompass the complex relationship between management, politics, and public administration law. An effective balance of these aspects is critical in collaborative governance, noted as a public value. Scholarly analysis of collaborative governance should maintain the legal framework as a critical variable. Collaborative governance is a term that describes processes which include federal agencies working together with the public, civil societies, and the private sector. The collaboration focuses on developing policies and programs that identify and find potential solutions to relevant public issues. Agencies are considered the fourth branch of government. It develops and enforces policies and regulations that supplement lawmakers. The other three government branches supervise agency function through management (executive), judicial review, and instruction (legislative). Law is underutilized in public administration. The reintegration of law and management is necessary for preserving accountability and building civic literacy. It limits government power and helps to focus on democratic values. Collaboration must be included as a public value, having a basis in constitutional and administrative law, as it is in the interest of the citizens and agencies responsible for creating policy. The policy continuum in collaborative governance consists of making, implementing, and enforcing the policy. The law is a set of rules that must be followed by management and political sides of collaborative governance to mold the decision-making arrangements. Public managers must negotiate across various collective organizations. There is a theoretical framework designed by Ostrom, which seeks to present the fundamental building blocks of institutions and rules to collaboration. Administrative law in the US emphasizes values of accountability, transparency, participation, effectiveness, and collaboration. Congress, resp
Pablo Picasso is regarded as one of the greatest painters in the modern day due to the variety that he offered in his paintings. He was a Spanish painter, ceramicist and sculptor. He was further regarded as the father of the 20 th century art due to the way that he formatted his paintings to suit the likes of his admirers and fellow painters as a whole. The most notable achievement for the painter perhaps is founding the cubist movements. This meant that he pioneered the invention of constructed sculpture. He also helped in the co-invention of the modern day collage that is widely used in painting and art as a whole. Amongst his greatest, works are the Guernica that portrayed the bombing of Guernica in the period of the Spanish civil war. The presentation focuses on the artist’s mastery skills mainly focusing on Les Demoiselles d’Avigno painting. Discussion Why Picasso’s work is not just inferior or unskilled art Picasso’s art is not in any way regarded as inferior because he is ranked in the level of Henri Matisse who is regarded as the father of art. He is additionally looked upon in the same breath as Marcel Duchamp and the three of them together are regarded as some of the pioneers of plastic arts. When his arts are studied keenly with a person who has a clear view of a classic art, it shows that the works of the painter are not inferior in any form. His works in printmaking and ceramics are widely used in the contemporary art world to give out a sense of direction in art. The arts of Picasso are also significantly incredible since apart from being knowledgeable he was talented in art, therefore, it was in born (MDC 2). He painted in a reasonable manner since he was a child and this is a point that proves that his work of art is not inferior. The artist is further universally acknowledged for his works of art and if he can gain global recognition then it means that his works of art are in no way substandard. Why it is a highly significant painting The Les Demoiselles d’Avigno that was originally titled the brothel in Avgnon is a significant painting first because of the way that it has stood the test of time. It was painted in the year 1907 and gained global recognition unto the recent days. The painting depicts five different women who are nude in a brothel in Barcelona. This painting is significant because every figure in the art is depicted in a disconcerting confrontational approach and yet none of them is conventionally womanly. In addition to this, the women in the painting appear to be somehow intimidated and have angular disjointed body physiques. The women are given an animalistic impression by endowing them with masks. This is a beautiful way of depicting them away from the customary way of portraying a nude woman photo (Rubin, Seckel and Cousins 45). The art also employs primitivism and does not employ the conventional two di
Introduction The purpose of this case study is to critically evaluate the statement of whether unlimited access by journalists to the battlefield is important to good war reporting. The media with particular focus on journalists have become important sources of information on the current happenings that are taking place in various parts of the world. The general reliance on the media for news and information has helped shape the perceptions of the general public and the world around us. The mass media which has continued to set the agenda for dominant news events that affect our everyday lives. The role of the mass media especially becomes important during periods of war such as the second Iraqi war where the general public requires updates on the goings on of the war. The journalist during this time carries the huge responsibility of interpreting what is going to the uninformed world, ensuring that the information presented is credible and sane (Keane 2005). The need for journalism and good reporting during times of war has begun to gain some importance over the recent past. This new line of thinking was initiated by forces such as market liberalism, the collapse of dictatorships, the decline of the public service broadcasting media and the formation of democracies that propagated poor local and foreign policies. War reporting mostly has its background from the Vietnam War where American journalists were allowed to roam around areas of conflict and report on the goings during the war. Since then, media coverage during periods of conflict and war has revolutionised to where it is today where reporters and journalists are able to use real time technology to bring real time war stories and images to the living rooms of the general audience (Keane 2005). Background on War Reporting The first instances of war time reporting were during the American Civil war where reporters and journalists relied on still photography to relay images and videos of the war. During the First and Second World War, the media around the world began to mobilize the use of the radio to gain support from the general public during the wars and also to give an accurate account of the wars. These wars also relied on print media to relay images of wounded soldiers and people as well as of enemy leaders who had instigated the wars. The invention of the radio during the 19 th century ensured that there were substantial changes to war reporting during that time. It was not until the Vietnam War that the first televised depiction of the war was beamed to many households around the world (Keane 2005). Apart from televising the conflict, the Vietnam War provided many journalists and reporters from around the world with unlimited access to the battlefront lines of the war. Th
Problem definition The YUAN Group Company is faced with the dilemma of optimizing employee output while balancing trust and efficiency. Specifically, the result-oriented feedback system introduced by Eva, the new human resource manager, has not gone well with majority of the ordinary employees. Besides, training and development policy proposed by the new human resource manager has been resisted by the traditional CEO who beliefs that training and development should only be limited to ordinary employees and not the managers. There is an urgent need to restore employee confidence and initiate a balance between results orientation and employee support. The treatise examines the urgent changes that should be made to the human resource strategies at the YUAN Company for employees to accept the labor efficiency strategies introduced by Eva. YUAN Company SWOT Strengths Majority of YUAN Company’s competitors pay lower salaries to their employees. The company can use financial incentive strategies to motivate and create a healthy work environment. Weaknesses The employee catchment area for the YUAN Company is narrow since it targets the locals only. Besides, competition from established businesses has made it difficult for YUAN Company to retain its staff since most of its competitors often poach employees who are not satisfied with the YUAN’s motivation systems. Threats The services offered by YUAN Company are very sensitive to any change in the preference of the clients. For instance, a bad report or an unfortunately incident between an employee and a client may alter the perception of its clients. This may discourage them from visiting the business in the future. Thus, the YUAN Company should create a watertight public relations system within its workforce to survive in this industry. Opportunities With a typically well organized technical skills pool, the YUAN business is geared towards increasing its market share since the beneficial interests in the workforce can be distributed across the highly competent employees. This strategy will facilitate the restructuring of effective sales and public awareness to develop employee performance knowledge. If well merged with appropriate production mix, the strategy will secure efficiency of the workforce. Justification for problem definition The success of a firm’s productivity depends on the organization of the human resource management. Reflectively, labor as a factor of production, determines the gross output, performance, and goal achievement at optimal resource use. Despite series of positive changes in the labor-management strategies at the YUAN Group Company, the human resource manager has not managed to convince the YUAN employees to embrace her proposed changes. Despite the fact that result orientation strategy was necessary, majority of the employees are uncomfortable since the element of support in accomplishing duties is undermined by Eva and her team. Organizational behavior should be aligned within
Introduction Radisson Hotel is located in a number of the developed countries across the globe. In a bid to provide guest with maximum satisfaction, the hotels experience a number of challenges, with high level of competition in the hotel industry being the major concern, especially in Dubai. This has influenced the position of Radisson Hotels in the range of the most successful hotels in the country as well as across the globe (Soltani, 2003, p. 349). This research paper seeks to investigate the challenges that affect the implementation of suitable programs that are able to facilitate customers’ support. Therefore, this research paper aims at formulating ways which will aid in the improvement of the principle of management and services at Radisson Hotels in order to be in line with the peculiarities of the region. The study will also seek to answer the following question, how does improving the principles of management and services in Radisson Hotels relate with the local peculiarities and problems experienced in Radisson Hotels in Dubai as well as across the globe? The study is an explanatory one because it explains whether employee motivation can lead to high production to the firm due to increased performance by the employees. In addition, it will explain the vital factors which can motivate employees and ensure enhanced performance. Literature review According to Kingie & Mesci (2010, p.65), motivation varys across individuals because of the different perspective they hold. In occasionally, it is the duty of the leaders to motivate those who work under them if an organization has to succeed and dominate the market. Thus, employee motivation must be emphasized (Merwe & Coetzee, 2009, p. 167; Scroll et al., 201, p. 481). On the other hand, managers need to realize that employee motivation is directly linked to job satisfaction which in turn ensures increased productivity (Lu, 1999, P.63). Maxwell and Knox (2009, p.57), argue that the main challenge has always been how to identify the most important factors which can motivate their employees and ensure good performance. One of the most basic way of motivating employees is by training them on the contemporary issues in the hotel industry. This improves their skills and in turn increases productivity. In addition, they can be offerred food vouchers and gifts because such benefits motivates them (Scroll et al., 2011, p. 481) Theoretical framework The study will emphasis on the issues raised in the literature. To begin with, it will draw a correlative investigation to analyse the relationship that exists between reward allocation and employee motivation. This implies that, if these job attitud
Thriller movie Jaws , made in 1975, opened the line of the pictures that were shot on the ocean. Obviously, the director of the movie, Steven Spielberg, faced with a number of difficulties during the process of shooting due to the complicated conditions. Since that time, the world cinematograph learned how to avoid some of those problems and how to make the process of filming easier. In the middle of 90s, three movies were shot on the ocean, such as Waterworld (1995), Cutthroat Island (1995) and Titanic (1997). As the Waterworld was “one of the most troubled productions in Hollywood history” (“The Turbulent Story of Waterworld”) and the filming of Pirates of the Caribbean (2003) was easy and quick, it possible to notice that the filmmakers got the success within the process of shooting on the ocean, learning how to avoid the difficulties and how to improve safety, making a product of high quality. Jaws , a story of a huge white sharp which kills people, opened a new page of blockbusters made in the complicated conditions on th
On May 18, 1998, Microsoft, the largest computer software manufacturer in the world was sued on a number of antitrust allegations. The allegations ranged from violation of various sections of the Sherman Antitrust Act to Microsoft illegally attempting to monopolize the internet browser market. It was also alleged that Microsoft had illegally monopolized the operating systems market for personal computers whereby it had anti-competitively bundled its windows operating system with its Internet browser, Internet Explorer. These allegations arose due to Microsoft which had monopoly power misusing the market influence it possessed in order to dominate the market. It was also alleged that Microsoft had made some anti-competitive and illegal contractual arrangements with various internet service providers and computer manufacturers and was also involved with other illegal actions and also discouraged its competitors to penetrate into the market through the utilization of application barriers hence creating a monopoly in a bid to strengthen its grip on monopolizing the market (U.S. Department of Labor n.d.). The United States department of justice petitioned the District court to find in civil contempt the Microsoft Corporation. Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson issued an injunction that stopped the putting together of windows and internet explorer. This preliminary injunction was however overruled by DC Circuit Court of Appeals on May 12, 1998 citing that the 1995 consent decree did not apply to windows 98. “The argument for this course of action was that, the limited competence of courts to evaluate high-tech product design and the high cost of error should make them wary of second-guessing the claimed benefits of a particular design decision’’ (DeCarlo, 2003). On issuing his ‘conclusions of law’ Judge Jackson on April 3, stated that Microsoft was guilty of an anti-competitive tying of Internet Explorer with windows and also liable for monopolization but also found that Microsoft did not hinder the distribution of Netscape through its contracts. Judge Jackson on June 2000 found that, Microsoft enjoys the largest and most stable market share thus having a monopoly; it also used its power as a monopoly to eliminate its competitors from accessing personal computers’ operating systems, Microsoft’s actions were also deemed to have harmed consumers. The judge also found that the antitrust market is the personal computer operating systems market for the computers that are compatible with Intel. The judge also noted that the ‘applications barrier to entry,’ is what protected Microsoft’s monopoly. Judge Jackson also observed that despite the fact that its contracts had various anti-competitive implications, Microsoft was however not guilty of any anti-competitive contracts that would hinder Netscape’s distribution (Mallor et al 2010). In my opinion, should Microsoft windows split with internet explorer, the company would be at a disadvantage since it would suffer a hefty loss which the