ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
When designing any security framework for a device, safety enterprise concepts have to be considered. These standards are updated to establish a safe framework that avoids security bugs and unauthorized system access. Safekeeping plan principles are different and guide the design and implementation of other systems. There is no established principle available for designing and executing illegal operations in an organization, amid many information security efforts. Since no solution exists, it is essential to provide a set of design principles governing the design security techniques. The paper aims to compare and contrast between layering and encapsulation security design in an organization. Layering is a construction theory that uses various safety methods to secure employees, business personnel, and other facets of an organization’s activities. The concept behind the layer is to provide multiple security tiers to protect the organization from exposure to these failures (Alexander, 2020). There is a new network protection coat with layering that delivers security for each sheet, making it difficult to access the network. Rather than relying on one safety line alone, the principle is solid and difficult to penetrate by various security designs such as access cards and two-stage authentication. Encapsulation is object-oriented isolation. A security plan in this design theory is accomplished by securing an item array in a particular domain. An individual has only a sequence of procedures present in the sub-system used for verification (Pearce, 2020). The processes are not named at random points within the system but only at specific points of entry. In encapsulation theory, messages, records, and files are forwarded via the internet using one or more transport mechanisms or protocols like TCP or IP in a format of data packets. Without tunneling a data packet, encapsulation rules only c
Carl Sandburg (1878 – 1967), the famous American poet, historian, political organizer, novelist, and folklorist, is rightly recognized as ‘the singing bard’. An Important characteristic feature of his work has been that he gave expression to the people with the least power through his writings. Significantly, Sandburg played a central role in the ‘Chicago Renaissance’ and has been crucial in the progress of poetry in the first two decades of the last century. The international recognition that he was able to enjoy may be seen as the result of the quality of his literary endeavors and the style and effectiveness of his writing along with the universality and inevitability of the topics he dealt with. In this paper, the poetic genius of the writer in relation to the different styles of the poet has been investigated. Carl Sandburg the internationally recognized literary figure was born in Galesburg Illinois on January 6, 1878, as the son of poor Swedish immigrant parents. He always recognized himself as an idealist. Sandburg was awarded the Levinson Prize in 1914 which made hem as an important new voice in literature. His first major collection of poems was Chicago Poems which “included the famous ‘Chicago’ and ‘Fog.’ “Hog Butcher for the World, / Tool Maker, Stacker of Wheat, / Player with Railroads and the Nation’s Freight Handler; Stormy, husky, brawling, City of the Big Shoulders…/” (from ‘Chicago’).” (Carl Sandburg 1878 – 1967). In Cornhuskers (1918) is the book in which Sandburg wrote his war experiences. Sandburg became active in the Socialist movement in the 1930s. His interest in American folksongs resulted in productions such as The American Songbag 1927 and New American Songbag (1950). His most popular single book The People, Yes came out in 1936. Sandburg’s single novel Remembrance Rock , an epic saga of America, came out in 1948 and the autobiographical works Always the Young Strangers and Ever the Winds of Change in 1953 and 1983 respectively. He received several literary awards. He died on July 22, 1967. One of the styles of Sandburg, the free verse, has been noted for replicating industrial America. It also gained wide popularity during the Depression years, although his use of everyday language at first shocked readers. “It was said in the 1920s that if you still didn’t like free verse, you would, once you heard Sandburg. He was considered the master interpreter of his own poetry.” (Sandburg, 76). “Home Thoughts” is an example of this style of writing. The eighth line of the “hours empty as a beggar’s tin cup on a rainy day” uses simile and the next one “Empty as a soldier’s sleeve with an arm lost” also refers to the same idea. “It
Introduction The performance of the stock market affects the national economy directly and influences key decisions by the government and corporations. The stock market is thus a fundamental economic pointer to financial analysts and investors, both local and international. Conventionally, the stock market is supposed to operate under the economic model of demand and supply, in a perfect economy. However, the stock market experiences shocks and strains that affect its performance. It is, therefore, prudent and imperative for the government to come in and stabilize the markets. The objective of government interventions is to optimize allocation of resources and remove bottlenecks. This paper focuses on the government intervention to the Taiwan stock market. Taiwan Stock Market Taiwan is an island in East Asia that is dependent on international trade. Taiwan’s financial market is comprised of stock market, forex market, and bond market. Taiwan Stock Exchange is the national stock exchange and is found in Taipei. Taiwan’s stock exchange is also known as Taiwan Stock Exchange Corporation, and was established in 1961 and commenced operations in 1962. Since its inception, Taiwan stock exchange renders a variety of information concerning the market trends. The Taiwan stock exchange offers a wide range of products securities, market surveillance, settlements, trading of securities and investment services. The Taiwan market is heavily influenced by the Taiwan politics. This has exposed them to a myriad of systemic non-economical stresses (Dent 114). For instance, in 1996, the first democratic elections were held in Taiwan. Unfortunately, the elections stimulated a plunge of the stock market to unprecedented lows. The government intervened by establishing a Stock Stabilization Fund to cushion against the instability of the stock market. Moreover, in the year 2000, Taiwan experienced the first political transition to the opposition (Schneider and Barbieri 135). This political development triggered uncertainty causing the stock market to destabilize. The government intervened by using an enhanced stock stabilization fund. The government further utilized the National Financial Stabilization Fund more than twice, in the year 2000, to mitigate imminent market collapse, and investor confidence. International financial markets strained excessively in 2011, partly due to the debt crisis in a majority of European countries. Europe and the United States of America pose integral influence in international trade. The slow and frustrating economic outlook in the US and Europe has hampered many investors worldwide (Kim 70). This trend climaxed in August when the stock market declined immensely. According to Taiwan stock Market, Taiwan Exchange (TAIEX) fell by about 219 points in September 2011. There was wide spread protests from stakeholders urging the government to intervene and stabilize Taiwan Stock Exchange market. Government intervention was meant to support share prices. The government of Taiwan intervened in the eq
The United States is concerned about Mr. Peter Manning, the undersecretary of state for Latin American and Caribbean Affairs. Mr. Peter Manning’s kidnapping happened in Jamaica while he was attending a diplomatic mission to promote the president’s development initiative in the Caribbean. The government is focused and dedicated to discouraging attacks on American officials and citizens by terrorist groups, including the Toussaint L’Ouverture Brigade, the group responsible for this particular kidnapping. According to a classified cable from Kingston, Manning was kidnapped at 1000 hours between Montego Bay and the Appleton Distillery while travelling on the Governor’s Coach Tour train with five U.S. businessmen. The location where Manning, thirty Canadian tourists and the five U.S businessmen are being is in Ipswich Caves. A Memorandum from the director of the Central Intelligence Agency provide a more detailed account of the location where hostages are being held, the number of kidnappers (fifteen Haitians), kidnappers’ armory and Jamaican government approval for U.S to take initiative. In the “Communiqué from the Toussaint L’ouverture Brigade,” kidnappers have made several demands against the U.S., Haitian and Cuban governments. It is necessary to note that the kidnappers have given a 24-hour timeframe in which the involved parties should meet their demands. The National Security Council has also given a briefing on the situation with the concerns and potential contributions by the Canadian government, Haitian official, and Fidel Castro and current Cuban leaders. Based on the underlying circumstances of the crisis, it is important that an immediate hostage rescue operation takes place to avoid further complexity and incidents of collatera
Introduction The last several decades could be characterized by the increased attention given to the sphere of education and establishments that provide students and pupils with knowledge. The fact is that the increased complexity and speed of modern society demands strong background knowledge from a person for him/her to be able to attain success and become appreciated in a certain community. For this reason, the level of interest in the sphere of education increases. At the moment, there are numerous attempts to enhance its functioning by the improved comprehending of the main factors that might impact pupils and educators. School culture and school climate are some of these aspects. Climate and Culture Besides, school culture could be determined as collective beliefs and values that impact the functioning of a school and precondition its development (Whitaker, 2012). In other words, it is a set of traditions and nuances that differentiate this very educational establishment from others and uniquely contribute to its functioning. Formation of school culture is a long-term process that might take decades and even last forever as the appearance of new factors affects some traditional approaches and alters their character. The creation of unique school culture is the prior task of a school principal as it is the ground for the further rise. Nevertheless, the term school climate has another meaning though it sometimes could be confused with the previous one. The climate of a school means the collective mood, morale, or attitudes of a group of people who are united by the same educational establishment (Whitaker, 2012). The formation of the school climate is also a complex process; however, it is subjected to the influence of various factors starting from the mood of a certain individual and ending with the situation in the world. Therefore, it becomes obvious that these two phenomena are similar to each other. They both impact the efficiency of teachers and the whole process. Moreover, they might determine the way individuals function and the way they make some decisions. Additionally, both school culture and school climate are considered nowadays factors that should be given attention to improve the outcomes and guarantee that both specialists and pupils will be satisfied with their state. At the same time, some nuances help to distinguish these two notions. First of all, school culture is a long term phenomenon, and its alterations might take years; however, school climate could change immediately. A conflict between the members of the collective, low wages, problems at home, etc. might have a great negative impact on a certain educator and make him/his act in an unusual way and deteriorate the climate. Furthermore, the culture dictates the manner of behavior and approaches that could be explored to achieve goals in a certain setting when climate just impacts the attitude t
Introduction The paper seeks to discuss the three primary theories of justice related to the murder of Jabrill Mara by Charncey Daniels. The three theories of justice are retributive, utilitarian, parallel, and restorative. The theories of justice are important since they are applied to solve controversial social issues in society (Wexler et la., 2019). First, the retributive theory is a mode of punishment for an offender who breaks the law, and justice requires that a guilty person suffers for the crime they commit with a punishment that is proportional to the offense committed. The retributive theory will be essential for this paper to assess the crime to ascertain the kind of punishment that should be given if an offender is found guilty. Secondly, the utilitarian theory’s goal is to punish people and discourage future wrongdoings. According to the theory, laws and regulations in society should be used to maximize happiness among people. Thirdly, the parallel theory responds to crime using two separate paths (Wexler et la., 2019). One path is for the offender, while the other is for the victim. A victims’ safety in society is restored and the system helps them heal from trauma caused by crime and regain full control of their lives. Finally, the restorative theory focuses on both parties. Victims and offenders are given a platform to communicate within a controlled environment to discuss the caused harm and find strategies for repairing it. Restorative justice’s primary concept is that crime causes harm, and justice should focus on repairing it. Some of the strategies used in restorative justice are conferencing, mediation, victim assistance, DMI reduction, community service, and real restitution. The four theories of punishment are critical in comprehending justice regarding respecting human beings as free and rational creatures. The purpose of applying the theories to the crime is to maintain order in society (Wexler et la., 2019). Different justice theories are used since each crime is different, and offenders cannot receive the same punishment. The retributive, utilitarian, parallel, and restorative justice models can be used to solve a hypothetical murder case. Crime Description The police arrested Charncey L. Daniels on 3rd January in Springfield for the murder of a twenty-year-old Mara. Mara, a father of two, was found by the police on 27 th December as he staggered along the Nutley Street ramp to Interstate 66 (LaFleur, 2011). Police found Mara with his face and clothes covered in blood (Newmark, 2020). It is because he was critically wounded (“Jabrill Mara murder,” 2011). Mara had two bullet wounds on his head. Moreover, according to the Court of Appeals of Virginia (2013), “…Mara suffered abrasions to his nose, abdomen, knees, and left leg, as well as a contusion on the right side of his chest” (para. 4). Mara died two days later in Fairfax Inova Hospital (Virginia State Police, 2011). According to the court records, Daniels was arrested since he left the crime scene on the day Mara was shot. Mara’s family could not come into terms with the incident since they knew the two were going out together,
Introduction Prometheus Bound is an ancient Greek play usually attributed to Aeschylus. It tells the story behind why the Titan Prometheus was chained to a rock. Rather than being a series of actions that depict the events leading up to Prometheus being punished by Zeus, the play starts at the point where Prometheus is brought to the rock upon which he’ll remain chained for the next 13 generations of man. Once he has been chained, a number of other gods and goddesses come by to talk with him, feeling sorry for him and making suggestions as to what he should do or seeking advice for their own future actions. Through these various discussions, a great deal can be learned about the character of Prometheus, but perhaps more can be learned about the character of Zeus. Zeus, the ‘father’ of the gods, is most often portrayed as a somewhat selfish and lustful kind of god, spending much of his time chasing after the pretty younger goddesses and fathering a great number of half-humans/half-god or godly offspring. Although selfish and often absent, he is not usually characterized as overtly tyrannical or unjust. However, in this play, Zeus emerges as a vicious, dishonorable, tyrannical usurper as his actions and attitudes are discussed by those with reason to be resentful or fearful of his newfound power. Main body As the play opens, the reaction of Hephaestus begins to suggest that the punishment decreed for Prometheus is beyond what should be expected or what was just. He describes the punishment Prometheus is to suffer in all its stark horrors: “the sun-blaze shall roast / Thy flesh; thy hue, flower-fair, shall suffer change; / Welcome will Night be when with spangled robe / She hides the light of day; welcome
Introduction A renowned classic music composer, soloist and director, Benjamin Britten was born in England, on November 22, 1913. Even in his childhood, he was actively involved in music, composing his first works at the tender age of five. From then on he progressed in creativity and composition even though he had no form of technical training in music. However, his mother was a part time singer and she aided his growth in approach and musical content. “The Royal Family” is one of his well known compositions in his early childhood, which was about the death of the fifth son of George V in 1919. Educational background Frank Bridge, who was a well known music composer, became interested in Britten while he was still very young. Frank had a passion for developing innovative styles of music which led him to see the unique qualities of Britten’s work [1]. Frank was therefore in a sense responsible for mentoring Bitten, providing him with the technical understanding that Bitten needed to create quality compositions. The only well known institution that Britten enrolled into was the Royal College of Music in 1930 with a goal of studying musical composition and the piano under the tutorship of Arthur Benjamin, John Ireland and Harold Samuel [2]. It was here that his work begun receiving acclaim, for he went on to receive numerous awards for compositions like a “Boy was Born”, in 1933. Musical career From April 1935, Britten adopted music as a profession when he took on the job of creating music for documentary films produced by the General Post Office (GPO). It was here that he met W.H. Auden in July 1935, and they went on to work on several projects together while at GPO, including the films Coal Face, Night Mail and the song series “Our Hunting Fathers”. Auden was a brilliant poet who went on to influence much of Britten’s 1942 composition; “Hymn to St. Cecilia” [3]. It is while still working at GPO when Britten met Peter Pears in 1937, who later became his musical collaborator and a source for musical inspiration. It was in that same year that he composed “Variations on a Theme of Frank Bridge” for string orchestra, one of his most remarkable works. Move to America The primary reason that made Britten move to America in 1939 was that at the time, Auden had immigrated to America. Another reason is that he was disgruntled by the cold reception that his work “A Pacifist March” had received, after he had composed it for the Peace Pledge Union [4]. Along with his friend Peter Pears, they set off for the U
Just last month, a panel of community leaders and scholars gathered in Michigan to discuss the origin of racism. One of the panelists noted: “It’s really important that we talk the personal out of it and that that’s why I focus on the structure nature, there are many people who have no explicit racist intent, but we’ve embedded in systems that create advantage foe some based on race and disadvantage for other”. The essay depicts the system of slavery and people trade. It existed from roughly the 16 th to the 19 th century and can help the reader to understand the origins of racism. Europeans were better able to tolerate the brutal exploitation of Africans by imagining that they were an inferior race or, better still, not even human. Lasting far longer than the slave trade itself, a race that denigrated people of African descent served to justify the later colonial takeover of African and structured social life in African colonies. It found its fullest expression in the apartheid system of South African, which attempted to separate blacks and whites in every conceived way while exploiting black labor in the economic. In the Americas, the abolition of slavery in the 1800s, far from ending racism, probably made it worse, for now the former slaves could exercise, at least potentially, a certain amount of economic and political influence. In the United States, the outcome was a racially inspired segregation, pervasive discrimination, and publicly sanctioned outbursts of violence against African Americans, poisoning the social life of the country into the twenty-first century. Many slaves in Africa during the 14 th and 15 th centuries were neglected by their owners, still, some of the chattels, who were more hard-working or qualified, were the object of respect. [Reilly,270]. Africa was a part of the larger trans-Atlantic network of trade that was developed after the 1500s. When you view different parts of the map of Africa, a lot of activity was going on inside the continent. One map shows that there were inter trade network it also shows that there were many different types of peoples