Background To remain efficient and financially lucrative in the contemporary global economy setting, an organization needs to adopt the accounting system that will align with a firm’s managerial principles and production strategies (Narayanaswamy, 2017). The need to make an accounting system compatible with the framework used for manufacturing is especially important given the fact that the cost-efficient approaches used in manufacturing have a direct effect on the outcomes of decision-making in resource management and the use of corporate assets, especially financial ones. At this point, the notions of the Just-in-Time (JIT) and activity-based costing (ABC) frameworks come into sharp focus as possible options for managing both production- and accounting-related issues (Al-Qudah & Al-Hroot, 2017). Despite the fact that both approaches allow for a significant improvement in the management of costs and the financial strategies used by an organization, they cannot be combined in a single framework due to the difference in values, the discrepancies regarding the interpretation of cost management and corporate efficiency, and a different interpretation of the connection between costs and improvement. JIT System: Key Characteristics Ensuring that close attention is paid to the rearrangement of the entire system of a firm’s functioning, JIT requires a radical change in the use of corporate resources. The very concept of JIT implies that the materials required for the completion of a particular process are delivered at the exact time to the exact place where they are needed. As a result, a massive drop in the number of expenses and losses that may be taken in the process is expected (Vogel, 2014). While seemingly simple, the model requires a redesign of a company’s production processes, Supply Chain Management (SCM), information processing and transfer, etc. One must admit, though, that, due to a massive change in the corporate values accepted in a particular company. For instance, the JIT framework also requires significant alterations in the waste management techniques, the Supply Chain Management (SCM) processes, and the manufacturing processes (Christopher, 2016). ABC System: Key Characteristics Focusing primarily on the financial aspect of a firm’s functioning, the ABC system provides a simpler way of arranging accounting processes and managing costs. Particularly, it provides the foundation for management decisions based on the costs analysis and essential changes to a company’s financial strategy to avoid excessive expenses. Helping identify a connection between expenses taken by an organization, its performance strategies, and the products or services that it delivers, ABC can be viewed as a means of introducing a more careful resource planning strategy for an organization (Faraji, Maghari, & Mirsepasi, 2015). JIT and ABC as Incompatible Systems: Reasoning A well-defined system with each component being in its place and contributing to the enhancement of a company’s productivity with the subsequent reduction of costs and increase in profit margins is crucial. The existence of the frameworks such as JIT and ABC makes it possible for firms to retain their competitiveness and introduce the idea of sustainability and lean management into their design. However, because of their limitations, neither JIT, nor ABC provides a complete protection against all possible risks in the context of t