ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The following is a reflection paper based on the findings from the personal inventory questionnaires. The reflection paper contains summary of the findings resulting from the questionnaire. The second aspect is a plan on how to improve negotiations based on the ten best practices and how they relate to the findings. The following paper outlines my personal negotiation styles, examples of negotiation situations as well as how I would work. The summary of the findings There is summary of the findings as per the provided questionnaire. The first finding from the questionnaire one part one concerning rating on personal behaviors is that I am sincere and honest at all times. This is because I try my level best to speak the truth and to provide correct and factual information. It concurs with my disagreement on lying, as I am unable to lie effectively. The other finding derived from the work is that I am uncomfortable with situations that are ambiguous and there are few precedents. The ambiguous situations are those situations that have few precedents or defined manner of operation. Such situations will certainly affect the manner in which I negotiate as I find it hard to bargain with people who are ambiguous and unreliable in following agreements. This enables to me to identify people with tendency to deceive. In addition, I am able to judge people’s character based on their ability to agree on certain rules and regulations. This however affects my negotiations as I tend to withdrawal from bargaining with people who I perceive are out to take advantage of me. This makes me to have the opinion that it is false that people take
Introduction No enterprise can run automatically. It needs a required number of employees who fulfill their duties and responsibilities in different workplaces which give them various not only facilities but also difficulties to do their job. If an employer wants to get better performances from his or her employees, he or she must exercise ergonomics which are the study of physical and psychological sides of work. It is discussed designing jobs and work environments that are safe, effective, productive, and efficient for jobs. It is one kind of research that is performed by ergonomists, who study human capabilities in relationship to their work demands. Information supplied by ergonomists contributes to the design and evaluation of tasks, jobs, products, environments, and systems to make them productive and efficient with the needs, abilities, and limitations of people. Ergonomic principles are used to improve the mast suitable relationship between the worker and the workplace. A practical approach to Ergonomics considers the match between the person, the equipment they use the work processes, and the work environment. There are five aspects of ergonomics such as safety, comfort, ease of use, productivity/performance, and aesthetics. It is divided into three Domains as Physical ergonomics, cognitive ergonomics, and Organizational ergonomics. Physical ergonomics is concerned with human anatomical, anthropometric, physiological, and biomechanical characteristics which are related to various physical activities such as working postures, materials handling, repetitive movements, work-related musculoskeletal disorders, workplace layout, safety, and health. Cognitive ergonomics is concerned with mental processes which influence decision-making, skilled performance, human-computer interaction, human reliability, work stress, and training as these may relate to human-system design. Organizational ergonomics is concerned with organizational structures, policies, and processes in which, communication, crew resource management, work design, design of working times, teamwork, participatory design, community ergonomics, cooperative work, new work paradigms, virtual organizations, and quality management are included. Various human factors such as health care, transportation, training, nuclear and virtual environments must be considered to make a workplace for an employee. If this study thinks about a private secretary, there must be a suitable workplace where he or she will work. There must have required elements that are necessary for her performances and these must be suitable for her performances. For example, if the private secretary of a manager is toll, his or her table and chair must be adju
Introduction Australia was one of the beautiful countries to spend your vacation in. A lot of beautiful and extravagant attractions are found in Australia If your planning to have a vacation trip in Australia most specifically in many cities there including Sydney, Melbourne, Cairns, the Gold Coast, and Ayers Rock (Uluru), then visit the said spots on a minimal amount to spend. There are beautiful beaches harbor views to shop, sight-seeing national parks, museums, and galleries in Australia that most of the tourists would like to experience. (Schneider, G., 2007) The way from New York to Australia From Montvale, New Jersey, you will be departing from one of the airports in the New York City area and will be soon flying to Sydney, Australia. You have a budget would be $10,000 US Dollars or 11,500 Australian Dollars, and you will be traveling for at least 10 days or so much more. Of course, before traveling you must reserve a booking deal a week before to save or to avail discounts from the packages you want to have. The Sydney City Package is only 425 Australian Dollars (AUD) or $ 370 US Dollars (USD) from the Internet excluding the rates of the hotel where you spend your vacation in. Availing of this package is less expensive since there are inclusions from the package. The package includes the following:   * Seat-in-coach shuttle bus transportation upon arrival and departure.   * Access Fee of the Sydney Airport   * Hotel’s accommodation for three nights (depending on the rates of the hotel)   * Meals to be served (Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner) that only specified for the itinerary   * Sydney’s Day Tour   * Goods and Service Tax (GST) of Australia (Cervero, R.B., 1998) From Montvale, New Jersey, you’ll be riding on the New Jersey’s Airlink Bus number 302 that will be traveling to Pennsylvania Station primarily in Newark Airport. This transportation fee cost USD 3.50. From that station, you’ll be catching the Amtrak train that will be going to New York. This train will be running for a day or 24 hours from New Jersey to New York. The Airlink buses departed the Newark Airport terminal every 30 minutes by the journey takes 20-30 minutes. So, you must be an hour earlier from the departure time of these buses. You’ll be spending about 4 dollars for the transportation fee on the way to New York City or the Newark Airport (Cervero, R.B., 1998). From thereon, you may have a connection flight on the way to Sydney Australia in which you will be paying $2887 US Dollars for the round trip flight fee. You will be riding Qantas Airways. The departure time from Newark is 1:15 in the afternoon and the arrival time in Kingsport Smith Sydney Airport in Australia is at 8:00 in the following morning (Cervero, R.B., 1998). Spending days in Australia As you arrived at the Sydney Kingsport Smith Airport, the Sydney Airport Service Assistants will collect your luggage and after that, you will be going to the ‘Meeting Point’ located between GATES B and C outside Customs Hall where you will look for the blue wall. There, the SYDNEY AIRPORT TRANSFER SERVICE driver will lead you to to the seat-in-coach shuttle bus going to the Sydney hotel. You are going to
Summary Cystic fibrosis is a progressive, chronic, and fatal genetic disorder that affects the body’s mucous glands. The disease causes thick and sticky mucus to form in different body organs including the lungs, pancreas, and reproductive system. Individuals with the disease get to live for an average of 37 years. The primary body systems that cystic fibrosis effects are the digestive system and reproductive system. Statistics show that about 30,000 Americans have the disorder and that there are approximately 1000 new cases every year (Hodson, Geddes, & Bush, 2012). Causes Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that occurs when a mutation in a gene results in changes to the protein responsible for the regulation of salt levels in the body cells. For cystic fibrosis to develop, a child must inherit the defective gene from their parent. Children born of two carriers have a 25 percent chance of having cystic fibrosis. They also have a 25 percent chance of not having the disorder and a 50 percent chance of being carriers (Hodson et al., 2012). The symptoms and severity of the disease vary from one person to another. This variation is due to the different mutations of the cystic fibrosis gene in every individual. Research shows that cystic fibrosis is a biochemical abnormality caused by the mutation of the gene responsible for the production of a protein called cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (Hodson et al., 2012). This protein handles the movement of chloride ions in and out of the body cells. Abnormality of the CFTR protein results in the blockage of the circulation of water and chloride ions into the cells as well as the production of abnormal mucous (Giddings, 2009). However, CFRT abnormality is only responsible for about seventy percent to eighty percent of cystic fibrosis cases. There are more than 400 other mutations that might result in cystic fibrosis. Treatment There is no known cure for cystic fibrosis. However, various treatment therapies are available. These therapies aim at controlling lung infection and inflammation. They also aim at reducing the amount of mucus in the lungs and preventing intestinal blockage. Additionally, the treatments are used to improve the flow of air in and out of the lungs and to maintain high nutritional status among the patients. The treatment therapies include the use of drugs, physical therapy, surgery and nutritional therapy. Studies show that patients have over the past years benefited from treatment regimes that utilize a blend of different treatments (Giddings, 2009). Drug therapy involves administering different classes of medicine including antibiotics, oral pancreatic enzymes, and Bronchodilators. These drugs help loosen mucus from the lungs and relax the bronchial tube muscles. The most effective drugs to treat the lung infections and inflammation associated with the disorder are antibiotics. Other drugs used include steroids, hypertonic saline, and mucolytic drugs. Physical therapy is used to dislodge a large amount of
Extensive training of workers in an organization is extremely beneficial in the reduction of costs, escalating market share, and improving the organization’s profits. Training of employees enhances suppleness and receptiveness of the organization. It enables employees to handle multiple functions besides their allocated job in case need arises (Williams, 2008). This training is relevant to diminutive businesses with minimal staff. The employer needs to give employees a time off from their regular jobs to enable them attend some training courses thus equipping them with skills such as computer acquaintance. Broad training is a fundamental component of management in many organizations. Moreover, the best-qualified workers should accustom themselves with the current expectations and practices of the business. When the businesses are trying to lower the operational costs, employers may choose to employ workers with minimal skills in order to reduce expenses. However, the employers with vastly skilled employees’ experiences an enormous return on ventures and elevated profits compared to organizations with less skilled employees (Williams, 2008). It is imperative to say that extensive training of workers aids in increasing the organizations profit. Extensive training of workers gives them a set of skills. After the process of training, the individual gets the relevant skills to handle complex projects in a more industrious and proficient manner. The training of employees gives them high levels of motivation in offering quality output and minimal errors thus resulting to lower operational costs. An organization is able to improve profitability and market share by escalating the sales output. Employers from various sectors such as finance need sales professionals with the pertinent skills. Maintenance of steady levels of better sales performance is not an easy task. Sales professionals need some training service to sustain the levels of motivation in order to increase the sales output. For employers with extremely skilled employees in the sales sector enjoy an enormous increase in sales volume and thus increasing profitability. Even though sales training is an expensive exercise, it is surely worthwhile to the employers. Well-trained employees really boost productivity, thereby aiding in increasing the organizations profits. Studies revealed that employees who obtain the needed sales training bring in more than fifty percent, in the net sales. This eventually translates to superior gross profits for the organization. Some research confirms that the highest earning companies spend nearly six percent of the payroll costs to train employees, in order to enjoy high returns (Williams, 2008). Training of employees at the start of their career results to increased profits, minimal errors, and greater efficacy. Employees with the capability of completing their work properly have a likelihood of remaining with the company, therefore, reducing the turnover and expenses related. The act of training the employees effectively proves to be a marketing tool and still a method of recruiting additional employees (Williams, 2008). Highly trained
Introduction The Great War-also referred to as the First World War occurred in the year 1914-1918. It marked the first time for the world to witness such a massive war where all nations took arms at the same time to fight one another. It was truly a gruesome experience where the world had its first experience of the chemical weapons. Many allies were formed, major and minor, at least every country or state belonged to some inclination: Russia, France and Britain took one side against the Central power: Germany, Austria-Hungary and Turkey. Several reasons have been put forward as the root cause of the so called Great War. Whether it was social turmoil or Greed of the then rulers, the answers are still vast. One thing that is certainly clear that the war broke after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand (heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne) in Sarajevo on 28 th June, 1914. The War had resulted to destruction socially, economically and politically as well as physical costs and eventually recession and depression. The Germans, Russians and the Italians, felt that the emerging political and economic structure called for a change or a diversion from the capitalism system. Thesis There was a change of attitude on how people viewed capitalism after the end of the First World War in 1917. Capitalism had been reported to have a negative take on the society. Therefore the need to shift from Capitalism was felt during the bad economic times, thanks to the change in the social structure of different institutions and competition in the business world. The history of capitalism has for long term highlighted the basis of reference on the impact of material prosperity and the overall view on the economy in the context of time and region. Impacts in Russia After many had lost their lives, it was now necessary to restore peace and find a way to survive. The situation only called for survival, not living because every aspect of human life had been disrupted. But on the contrary, many of the civilians and soldiers alike wanted to continue with the war to determine who will finally emerge victors. Several peace initiatives were proposed in 1917, but the Russians rejected them. The soldiers openly disobeyed their superiors [something which was un-heard of in the past], deserting all the military bases and got themselves involved in mass mutiny. The Old Russian Empire was torn into peaces and socialism erupted, thanks to the emerging political force that fell for the idea to change the system of governance. The Great War also led to loss in a whole generation of Men. The Russian army was near collapsed by the end of 1917. This resulted to poor performa
The Historical Context of Martin Luther King Martin Luther King is one of the historical leaders who used conventional leadership models to inspire and mobilize a large number of people during the civil rights movements. King had the leadership attributes that ranged from charisma to transformational. King portrayed the leadership attributes that were well-regarded by the historical leadership scholars such as Du Bois and Lao-tzu (Wren, 1995). The ideological commitment, articulation of the values, and the goals of the civil rights movements made King one of the leaders of all time. The Characteristics that Made Martin Luther a Good Leader One of the attributes of King was charisma. King was a charismatic figure who could instigate the path of the civil rights movements through his oratory. King could bind the believers of the civil rights movement during the southern black struggle (Gladwell, 2010). Martin Luther was revered as a decisive factor during the process of social change (Gladwell, 2010). The Leadership Actions of Martin Luther King played a critical role in organizing and coordinating the civil rights movements. Martin Luther motivated and became the central figure in the mass movement. Luther used his position to empower, collaborate, coordinate, and voice the concerns of the black minority (Gladwell, 2010). How the Leader Inspired and Developed Others Martin Luther King’s charisma inspired blacks during the mass movement through ideological commitment. The majority of the social movement held to a common ideology that challenged the status quo and attacked the deeply rooted problems (Gladwell, 2010). Besides, Martin Luther King believed remained committed and articulated the values as well as the goals of the civil rights movements. The strong-tie phenomena that King advocated contributed hugely to the success of civil rights movements (Gladwell, 2010). The Leadership Characteristics Historical and current concepts of leadership embrace the transformational and proactive leadership attributes. The leadership attributes allow leaders to act outside their demeanor to come up with decisions for the greater good of the followers (
One of the most tragic things about people, who are addicted to alcohol, is that they are rarely viewed as the victims of a disease. Moreover, the very phenomenon of alcoholism is practically never considered as a disease by most people, which is very wrong. Alcoholism is a malady, which eats at people, and denying the mere fact of its presence is most likely to lead to drastic effects. Every single case of alcoholic dependence described in the lecture is perfectly consistent with the existing model, each piece of evidence falling into its place and, therefore, allowing the audience to have an entire picture of the problem that a drinking person is trapped in. For example, the narrator mentions the issues that a school student may have with drinking. No matter how shocking such a discovery may seem to the society, people must acknowledge the fact that teenager drinking exists; the sooner parents realize the threat that their children may appear under, the more efficient the preventive measures will be. In the case described by Tack, a complete lack of motivation in studying and the following academic regression, which he was under, are quite characteristic of a typical alcoholic dependence. The family issue, which Maria brought up, is also an essential aspect of alcoholic dependence analysis. While a range of researchers agree that family background does not define one’s addiction to alcohol, it will still be unreasonable to argue that a child, having their parents as the key role models, will assume that drinking is a natural and essential part of existence. True, after growing old enough to be able to evaluate the actions of their parents critically, a child will be able to realize that drinking is, in fact, a very harmful habit and a part of self-destructive behavior. However, it is still highly doubtful that, with a family record, which includes several years of having a consistent example of drinking as a natural habit to develop, a child will refuse from engaging in drinking. After all, teenage binge drinking (TBD), which often leads to further development of alcoholism in the future, is a notorious issue among present-day young people. Ore to the point, one must also admit that addiction to alcohol may also emerge on a genetic level; in other words, with at least one family member having a drinking record, the possibility of the child to develop a similar problem in the future is dangerously high. What is even more upsetting, the feeling of being trapped, which one of the participants of the conversation refers to in order to describe her teenager experience of addiction to alcohol, is devastating; with no outside help, a teenager may reach the level of being desperate, where they may think of suicide as the only possible way out. Though a topic for a separate discussion, suicidal thoughts are very typical of the people, who suffer from alcoholism. The lack of motivation and the disbelief in one’s own ability to fight the malady lead to denying having a problem and, therefore, the further deterioration of health. Alcoholism is one of the topics that need more discussion. Unfortunately, in modern society, a