ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
PICOT Question: “In Traumatic brain injuries on returning soldiers how effective is EEG Biofeedback medication of Traumatic Brain Injuries compared to computer medication in improving memory during the pretreatment to post-treatment time?”‘ P=Patient / Population and Problem Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is an injury in cognitive functioning. TBI is a disruption of the brain functions as a result of sudden trauma to the head. Traumatic Brain Injury is caused by blast waves resulting from explosions in wars as well as direct impacts that result in severe head injuries. It is observed that TBI causes secondary injuries such as increased pressure within the skull as well as changes in cerebral blood flow that worsen the initial brain injuries that are caused by blast waves. TBI is known to cause a lot of physical, behavioral as well as emotional problems that are not easily detectable. Research indicates that TBI is associated with causing accelerated hormone deficiency that triggers physiological, psychological and physical manifestations that are expressed in form of memory loss, anxiety, depression, anger, high blood pressure, loss of libido among others (Levine, Cabeza, McIntosh, Black, Grady& Stuss, 2002). It is noted that those patients who suffer from TBI are mainly dependent on that part of the brain that is damaged. Soldiers have a high prevalence of being affected by TBI. Many soldiers are diagnosed with TBI after returning home from war as a result of being exposed to blast waves that originate from explosives that are used during the war. Many US military officers who were deployed in Iraq and Afghanistan showed signs of traumatic brain injury in a number of months or days after returning home from the war. This has shown that there might be long-term effects to this condition that may affect the returning soldiers over a long period of time. The research established that most US military personnel who returned home from the Golf War in Iraq showed some symptoms of traumatic brain injury. Some of the symptoms noted included: concussion which is a condition that entails a brief loss of consciousness. Irritability which is the tendency of being easily annoyed by things that a normal person who is not exposed to brain damage cannot mind about. Many soldiers were noted to have
The Norton Simon Museum is one of the most outstanding private art collection in the world. More than five hundred years of European art collection dating from the eighteenth century to the twentieth century are on permanent display. The Museum also features renowned performers as well as twentieth-century works by Vasily Kandinsky, Pablo Picasso and Jean Fragonard. Besides, Norton Simon Museum has one of the outstanding collections from Asia spanning a period of two millennium. When I visited the Norton Simon Museum, I was concerned with how the artists of the twentieth century have used different elements and principles of art. While artists such as Pablo Picasso have used line and color, artists such as Fragonard have focused on movement and space. Vasily Kandinsky is credited with using geometrical shapes, one of the most influential visual art of the early twentieth century. In his architectural design, Vasily Kandinsky broke down objects into simplified shapes. The pictorial space is shallow, and there is very little indication of depth. Instead of developing an illusion of a three-dimensional space, Vasily Kandinsky chose to focus on other formal elements such as shape and pattern (lines, dots and square) by tipping the tabletop on its side and simplifying and integrating the objects on its surface. Vasily Kandinsky has worked as the head of the Bauhaus Art and Design School’s mural workshop. Specifically, this explains his interest in architectural design, a style that has developed with his artistic and theoretical activities. Jean-Honore Fragonard’s painting, Happy Lovers , is a narrative about love and trust of the wealth while brimming with joy. In Jean-Honore Fragonard’s painting, two lovebirds have gotten way from the constraint of the courtyard to unknown date in provincial sanctuary. They adore each other. They wonder whether their love is entangled. This scene is made more authentic with the luxurious weave of leaves, branches, and blossoms from the characters in the painting. Themes of movement and color encapsulate the decorative style of Fragonard’s painting. Colors shine in the front area and the background vanishes in a shady cloudiness. The smiles and happiness of two lovebirds show Fragonard’s connection to the previous Baroque era which depended on a solid curve that portrayed the painting. The angle and shape of the legs and arms have been stressed by the landscape which leads the viewers to see the confinement in the hand of the young lady. My favorite work from the European Early Modern collection was the drawing by Pablo Picasso, a 130.5 by a 97.8-centimeter painting of a woman with a book in 1932. The pose of Pablo’s woman with a book is based on a traditional portrait now found at the National Gallery in London, Madame Moitessier, painted by Jean-Auguste-Domonique Ingress in 1856, and yet there is very little that is conventional about the painting. Picasso reinvented the class
A priori and a posteriori are related concepts of scientific and philosophical discourse, denoting, respectively, the knowledge that precedes and is independent of experience and knowledge obtained from and conditioned by experience. A priori forms of sensuality and thinking organize, give coherence and order to chaotic knowledge acquired from experience with the help of the senses. On the other hand, a posteriori knowledge obtained with the help of sensory perception is accidental and untrue. It is based on experience and does not exclude the possibility of acquiring a new experience in the future that does not coincide with the old one. Therefore, in my opinion, of these two methods, the best means of obtaining knowledge is a priori. In Plato’s teaching about recollection or anamnesis and innate ideas, the idea of the independence of reliable knowledge from experience is consistently carried out. Plato draws attention to the knowledge of the essence of a thing, which is unchangeable and is revealed in the concept of this thing (Lawhead, 2015). To know for sure what this thing is, it is necessary to know it even before getting to know it, that is, in advance. Thus, to learn, from his point of view, means to restore the knowledge that already belongs to someone which is the first argument in favor of a priori. Kant considered a priori form of the organization of knowledge, which is filled with a posteriori content, ensuring the universality and necessity of scientific knowledge. The philosopher referred to the a priori spatial-temporal characteristics of objective knowledge and pure rational concepts – categories, and pure rational principles – ideas (Lawhead, 2015). Kant’s apriorism played an essential role in overcoming one-sided empiricism, pointing out the necessary presupposition of knowledge, the relationship between experience conditions, and its results. Based on the example of Immanuel Kant’s worldview, it can be concluded that a priori is a more reliable means of obtaining knowledge. What is obtained from a posteriori is accidental and temporary; after all, experience is constantly changing, and it often happens that the new one entirely refutes the previous experience. A posteriori knowledge acquires universality only by relying on a priori knowledge; otherwise, it does not have any lasting meaning. For such knowledge to become universal and necessary, it should be brought under a priori forms of knowledge. Therefore, a priori is a better means of obtaining knowledge than a posteriori. Reference Lawhead, W. F. (2015). The voyage of discovery: A historical introduction to philosophy. In S. Milewski (Ed.), Epistemology, metaphysics and John Locke (pp. 223-224). USA, Stamford: Cengage Learning.
Introduction The concepts of sex, gender and sexuality are wide in terms of meaning and applications (Bianca & Heather 2015). These concepts account for most of the behaviors that are common among human beings nowadays. In addition, Uzzell and Horne (2006) pointed out that gender and sexual orientation play a significant role in the decisions that different people take. For example, a lot of studies have pointed out that men and women respond differently to issues such as depression. Additionally, more men than women are likely to commit successful suicide. These are examples of cases to show the importance of understanding sex, gender, and sexuality to effectively combat issues arising from these concepts. This paper provides an overview of various aspects of psychology including the effects of sex, gender and sexuality on counseling psychology and the concept of hegemonic masculinity and its role in explaining gender variation in suicide rates and the diagnosis of depression. Secondly, the paper provides a critical analysis of the role of psychology in creating and maintaining ideas about sex, gender and sexuality and an evaluation of several alternatives to mainstream psychology, and the different characterizations they present of sex and gender. In addition, the paper covers an interrogation of the relationship between evidence, theory and practice in psychology with relation to gender and sexuality, and evaluation of the psychological theory with relation to gender and sexuality, as well as a reflection on the need for multiple theoretical perspectives to understand complex phenomena. Effect of issues arising from sex, gender and sexu
Introduction According to the Word Bank, about 1.35 billion people in the world today live below the international poverty line, which is set at $1.25 per day. In addition, it is estimated that the recent global financial and economic recession increased this number by 64 million people. What this means is that a significant number of people in the world today live under extreme poverty (Raman 103). As a result of this, it is important to encourage investment in the private sector. Investment in the private sector is important considering the fact that the ability of governments to foster development and provide aid is limited. Right now, the government is under a lot of pressure to provide the citizens with basic infrastructure using the meager resources. The resources are overstretched, meaning that the government needs help from the private sector. Investors in the private sector will provide the citizens with, among others, employment and infrastructure. For more than three decades, private corporations around the world have emerged as essential pillars as far as economic development is concerned. The private corporations have created job opportunities and other benefits in the society, contributing significantly to the reduction of poverty in the world (Walsh and Dowding 106). There are debates revolving around the impact of private investors on the global economy. Analysts are especially concerned with the impacts of these organizations on the economy of the developing countries. The debates notwithstanding, it is important to note that private corporations have significantly improved the economy as far as the developing nations are concerned. The organizations have improved the business environment in these countries, in addition to providing the citizens with employment and other social amenities. Private organizations are aware of their impacts on the economy of the developing nations. They are aware of the fact that their operations affect the life of individuals in the community within which they are operating. As a result of this, the organizations recognize that their success or failure impacts on the community they are operating from. It is as a result of this realization that such companies have taken the initiative to transfer skills and knowledge from the developed world to the third world economies (Stanford 54). The current paper is written against this backdrop. In this paper, the author focuses on the operations of a multinational company with significant impacts on the regional and global economy. The companies selected for this analysis are Coca Cola and SABMiller. In this report, the author focuses on the business policy adopted by the Coca Cola Company and SABMiller. In addition, the author critically analyzes how the two companies have assisted the government in reducing levels of poverty in the countr
It is interesting to note that this composition was actually in the trash because Strayhorn thought it sounded too much like Fletcher Henderson. (It does have echoes of Henderson.) In those days, radio was all live, and ASCAP had ruled that Duke Ellington could no longer play his theme on radio, due to some copyright or publishing issues. So Ellington asked Strayhorn and his own son, Mercer, to write a whole new batch of songs to be registered with BMI, the competing artists’ licensing group. (Gladstone 2009) The title references the train which goes from Brooklyn to Harlem in New York. After Ellington had hired Strayhorn he had written direction for him to get to Ellington’s house in Harlem, and they began with “Take the A Train”. Billy got to think9ing about doing something like Henderson did with horns and Take the A Train was the result. The lyrics were added later by a vocalist, Joya Sherrill, whom Duke hired for her voice and poise. Throughout his career, Ellington was always sophisticated even with Jazz. It was never low-brow noise, but always complex music for musicians. “Take the A Train” combines the easy rhythm of the 1940s swing era and the jazz of the 1950s. It has been played and sung by many major recording groups and artists, including Jo Stafford and Ella Fitzgerald. It became the signature tune of Duke Ellington and is still recognized as his theme. The social context of this music was the upper-class black of Harlem on Sugar Hill. It is a timeless jazz piece and a favorite of bands everywhere. Mostly it is simply a lot of fun to play, from what musician friends tell me. It is easy to modulate into different keys for different solo instruments and lends itself to scatting by jazz vocalists. For me, this piece is symbolic of great jazz. Much of today’s jazz seems repetitive and sad. “Take the A Train” somehow lends itself to endless variation and never seems repetitive. Perhaps I have only heard it done by experts, so I may be mistaken on this point. Swing is really great to dance to and energizing, yet it creates a warm background for any party. I like to put it on when I study, because its complexity may actually help me learn. At least that is my excuse. I have heard this performed by several live bands, but never the caliber of Ellington. I hope to attend a Jazz Festival in Newport News or maybe Montreal, Vancouver, or New Orleans. I used to think that live music was just accompaniment for partying or dancing, but now I go to listen. I knew I really liked this music the first time I listened to it, but analyzing it has made me appreciate the music and musicians much more. I really had no idea how complex it was, since I only listened. Now I have started to hear much more in all the music I listen to and my taste has changed. I am no longer cont
The crash of Colgan Air Flight 3407 in 2009 involved certain changes in policies adopted nationwide. The company as well as other airlines revisited their procedures and policies to ensure the safety of flight. The flight from Newark (NJ) to Buffalo (NY) ended in a crash, in which 50 people died (including 45 passengers, four members of the crew and one person on the ground) (Stark and Khan par. 2). It is necessary to note that all the aircraft’s systems were operating properly. More so, the errors the pilot made is regarded as “amateurish” (Garrison par.1). Therefore, the discussion of the accident led to a specific attention paid to policies and company’s adherence to these policies and regulations. According to the resu
Abstract The Proposition is one of the famous films in the contemporary history of Australia. It speaks and depicts various important factors related to the history and the colonialism. It is a marvelous movie for its cinematography, dialogue, screen play and music. This essay includes an analysis on this movie and the relevance of the movie in the contemporary time. Introduction “The Preposition” is an Australian movie directed by John Hillcoat and it was released in 2005 which won a dozen of awards for best in the screenplay, cinematography, costume design, original music score, and production design and also it got an award for best movie and best supporting actor. There are four producers for this movie and the screenplay is written by Nick Cave. The presentation and depiction of the indigenous culture of Australia is the main attraction of the film and this is the reason behind the selection of this particular movie for this assignment. Various elements in the movie like dialogues, cinematography, screenplay, music, and historical context take the movie to another realm. Therefore, it is one of the best movies in the contemporary history of Australia. Arguments The plot of the movie The gist of the movie can be summarized as “A lawman apprehends a notorious outlaw and gives him 9 days to kill his older brother, or else they’ll execute his younger brother.” ( The proposition , 2010). The background of the movie is in the 1880s which is depicted in the indigenous culture of Australia. The film starts with a fight between the police and a gang following the i
Nursing is a profession that encompasses the natural attributes of care. Nurses have to take care of the patient professionally while enhancing the personal responsibility of care. It is part of the human nature that one cannot abdicate to anyone else. The two-year-old Native American girl had sustained a large second degree burn on her right leg. As part of the follow-up process, the public health nurse had to pay a visit to the family to take care of the wound (Boykin & Schoenhofer, 2001). The treatment consisted of applying the ointment and bandaging the wound. The child’s mother thought that it was also her responsibility to ensure that the wound healed fast (Smith, Turkel & Wolf, 2013). She used to remove the bandage to air the wound. It was because she thought that by covering the wound, the nurse was causing it to gain a lot of heat which would delay the healing process. But the nurse was trying to prevent an infection due to the prevailing circumstances in the house (Boykin & Schoenhofer, 2001). All of them were applying their caring roles for the girl, and yet in different ways; one as a profession, and the other as a responsibility and care as a parent (Reed, Shearer & Nicoll, 2004). Anne Boykin and Savina Schoenhofer – Nursing as Caring Nursing as Caring theory is a wide theory with very many aspects that cover care (Boykin & Schoenhofer, 2001). There are a few assumptions that Anne Boykin and Savina Schoenhofer considered as very important in accommodation of this theory. One is that persons are caring by virtue of their humanness. It is in the human nature to be a caring person (Masters, 2012). Persons live their caring from moment to moment. The mother to the Native give would always ensure that she did her best according to the knowledge she had to care for the girl. Persons are whole or complete at the moment of care (Alligood & Marriner-Tomey, 2010). One can only reach fulfillment in life when he or she cares for others. Personhood is living the life grounded in caring (Smith, Turkel & Wolf, 2013). One can enhance personhood through participating in nurturing relationships with caring for others. Apart from that people understand and think about nursing as a discipline and profession (Boykin & Schoenhofer, 2001). Caring for human beings is innate. One, therefore, needs to develop the full potential of caring as an ideal and lifelong process (Boykin & Schoenhofer, 2001). The theory promotes the basic requirements of nursing and advances principles that make it a standalone theory. However, it can also work with other theories to promote diversity (Boykin & Schoenhofer, 2001). Nursing promotes nurturing caring that is essential for the wholeness of a person. Caring is also a process that everyone grows through and ends up practicing in life (Alligood & Marriner-Tomey, 2010). Madeleine Leininger- Culture Care: Diversity and Universality Theory Madeleine was a nurse who, through experience, learned the importance of caring in nursing. She discovered that it was central to the development of the profession (Leininger & McFarland, 2006). Wh
Is it appropriate for corporations and businesses to eliminate the many ranks and salary grades that classify employees according to their expertise and experience? Is it true that an organization with a lattice structure stands a better chance of success as compared to its ranked counterparts? A flat organizational structure is characterized by few or no levels of intervening administration between managers and the workforce. In this arrangement, the workforce is believed to be more industrious since they are directly involved in decision-making because the many layers of management have been eliminated (Francis 2). This paper will disagree with the elimination of ranks and salary grades that distinguish workers in an organization. Importance of management in an organization Decisions made from a stratified organization are likely to be more reliable as compared to the lattice structure. This is evidenced by the accountability nature of a stratified organization. In a lattice structure, accountability is greatly compromised. This may lead to poor decision-making because each person feels that a given situation does not fall in their compartments. Take for instance, should a member of staff make a critical decision without informing his superiors, he stands the chance of sabotaging the company. Employees lack interest in furthering studies If the salary remained constant regardless of the level of education, employees will not be interested in acquiring more knowledge that would be of benefit to them and the company. In most organizations, the salary scale and chances of promotion directly relate to one’s level of education. This acts as a motivating factor to the employees making them consider furthering their studies. An increase in the level of education benefits not only the individual but the organization as a whole. When the employees study, they bring the knowledge they acquired to the company bringing positive competition in the workplace. Employees tend to be lazy Constance in salary might act as a demotivating factor. Some employees may refuse to take an extra step because of the lack of reflection in the salary. This may negatively affect the company because an individual’s effort put into work will be minimal as a result of a lack of effort recognition. In some worse cases, very few employees will be meeting the company targets due to a lack of motivation when it comes to salaries. Lack of positive competition If a manager was to be paid the same as a cleaner and yet they do not have the same education, it would make no sense. These will demoralize the manager and he/ she may not work to the standards that are required because they will see no point in benefiting the company. Expenditure of education funds It is obvious for a manager to have higher education than a cleaner making them spend more on education than the cle