ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Personnel are one of the most critical components of any organization, and having sufficient and adequate human resources is paramount for a company if it is to be successful (Marchington, Wilkinson, Donnelly, & Kynighou, 2016). The current paper discusses some issues pertaining to hiring staff and providing adequate human resources for an expanding technology company that has recently won a contract to provide remote surveillance cameras for government agencies. If the company fulfils the orders adequately, it is expected that the contract will soon be expanded to supplying similar agencies outside the home state. Staffing Models A number of different staffing models may be utilized in the said organization. One of such models is contract staffing (Banfield, Kay, & Royles, 2018). In contract staffing, a business makes an arrangement with a third party, such as a recruiting firm, to provide workers for specific roles for the duration of the contract. Using such a model may allow for quickly filling in the vacancies so as to start producing the necessary remote surveillance cameras to complete the order. This may be acceptable for hiring assembly technicians, providing that their type of work does not require much creativity and training. This model may be especially useful as a short-term solution. Another model that can be used is recruiting of permanent employees. Doing so may take more time than using the contract staffing model, but it might be cheaper (for even if the organization provides workers’ benefits, it will not have to pay the recruiting firm for providing contract employees, and the latter might be a serious expense), and it is more reliable if the organization is looking for a long-term staffing solution (Marchington et al., 2016). Using this model may be especially useful when filling in positions that involve having knowledge and expertise and, therefore, also require additional training (for instance, a Certified Quality Control Engineer probably might need such training). All in all, it might be recommended to use the permanent staffing model if the firm expects that the contract on building cameras will be expanded so as to fill orders from agencies located in other states. Potential Legal Issues When Establishing Equal Employment Opportunities and Diversity Within the Workplace Generally speaking, discrimination pertaining to providing equal employment opportunities in the U.S. is forbidden on the grounds of such characteristics as religion, race, national origins, age, gender, as well as disability (U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, n.d.). Therefore, it is possible that the company in question might have to deal with legal issues if it refuses to provide employment for applicants who have a characteristic that might place them in a vulnerable population with respect to the said categories. For instance, it may happen that an individual who is a Thelemite (a follower of the religion of Thelema) may claim that they were turned
Introduction Among the blessings that have been bestowed upon man, are some elements that are left unrealized, because they form an automatic pattern in our lives. Color is one such element of art that is contained within all objects and is left unnoticed at times. Using colors the right way can make great changes in the lives of individuals. Colors and the way they are used with each other can alter the mood of people and the environment surrounding them. Colors can be used to energize or calm the atmosphere of a locality, and the wise use of colors is important to portray elegance, and warmth to the overall image of any object, or location (Basic Color Schemes, 2008). What is Color? Color is an essential element of art, along with design and form, and affects the overall portrayal of visual arts. It has been used since prehistoric times, to give a certain outlook, as desired, to various forms of architecture (Ahmad, G., 1998). Buildings and people are all full of varying colors, and with the advent of science and technology, colors are beginning to hold more significance. Basic colors are collectively associated with the ‘color wheel’, which was invented by Sir Isaac Newton in the year 1666. White sunlight was split into a range of colors, red, orange, blue, etc. After a century, the psychology of colors began to evolve, with Johann Goethe showing the warm effect of yellow, and the cool effect of blue. An amendment had been made in the color wheel, with warm colors on one side and cool colors on the opposite side. The color theory which is currently in execution is based on the color wheel developed by the Swiss theorist Johannes Itten, who showed the colors red, blue, and yellow to be the primary triad, among the other twelve hues. It can be named a ‘visual representation of the color theory’ (Color Theory Basics, 2008). The Color Wheel The color wheel consists of primary, secondary, and tertiary colors. The primary colors are red, blue, and yellow. It is not possible to make these colors with a combination of any other color. Instead, these colors are combined to form the other colors present on the color wheel. The secondary colors are formed by the combination of the primary colors, red and blue make purple, blue and yellow make green, and yellow and red make orange. The tertiary colors are formed by combining the secondary colors (Ryan, F., 2007). Harmony and Color Theory Color theory is the study of color and the various ways in which it is placed, keeping in view the reactions that will be produced after doing so. The combination of colors produces varying psychological effects, which can be altered upon replacing and regrouping, to get desired results. It is the method of placing colors together in a way, to produce a harmonious effect. Harmony is attained when something placed together is neither too much in unison, no
Introduction Companies’ operational activity depends mainly on their structure because this component affects relationships within an organisation. It defines its ability to achieve objectives by outlining the specific actions that should be performed. The company in question did not alter its structure in over 20 years, and this factor influences the effectiveness of work. It is necessary to revise it to ensure that the mission, vision and goals of the business are met. This report aims to explore essential components to consider when altering the structure and evaluate the implications for management and development. Key Factors The first factor that should be considered is the size of the organisation, which undoubtedly affects the relationship between management and employees. According to Harper (2016), it is believed that with an increase in size a company becomes less centralised. This data presents an understanding that executives may have difficulties with managing big companies; therefore, a need for delegation arises. Thus, the analysis of the size and management techniques that can be applied to ensure that tasks are accomplished is necessary to create an appropriate structure. The next component that influences the structure is a particular product or service that a company develops. According to Porter and Heppelmann (2015, p. 4), “the core functions — product development, IT, manufacturing, logistics, marketing, sales, and after-sale service — are being redefined, and the intensity of coordination among them is increasing.” This is especially important for this company because its structure has not been revised in twenty years. Therefore, while approaches to product development have changed, the actual operations remained, which provides a competitive advantage to rival companies that adjusted their structure. The structure in which companies choose to focus on products and services is referred to as the divisional model. In this scenario, it is necessary to select a category by which employee teams would be divided; for instance, business clients and individuals (‘Business organisational structure’ n.d.). Products affect the structure as the focus on them provides an opportunity to diversify the production because adding another division is relatively easy. Thus, in case the company in question should expand the product or service range, the focus on the divisional structure will allow the executives to ensure quick growth. Additionally, the responsibilities for each department are clearly defined following a specific development. It can be concluded that products and services influence the organisational structure because a foc
Frantz Fanon has become an influential figure in existentialism, critical thought, and post-colonial studies, as he primarily addressed the issues of anti-black racism and social perception of race. Discussing the role of race in social and historical interactions and the position of people of African descent in the Western world, Fanon developed a comprehensive theoretical model that largely relied on French existentialism. He made a major contribution to Africana critical thought and philosophy, also referred to by some researchers as “black existentialism,” and became an inspiration for many participants of social rights and liberation movements in various parts of the world (Gordon, 2015). Fanon particularly examined the experience of black people from the existentialist perspective to establish how they handle discrimination and oppression and how they can achieve political and personal liberation—or rather, how social change should be promoted where such liberation will be achieved by common efforts. To examine Fanon’s philosophy, three major themes of Africana critical thought can be explored in his works: existentialism, decolonization, and empowerment. First of all, the existential component of Fanon’s philosophy was expressed in the attempt to analyze the essential aspects of existence from the perspective of human beings as not only thinking subjects but also subjects of feelings and will with the opportunity for making decisions and taking action (Wyrick, 2014). Famous existentialists, although quite different in terms of their worldviews, shared the emphasis on human experience in their explorations. Fanon focused on the experiences of black people and stated that they are widely refused the right to have their own lifestyles and even dreams because they continue to be seen as inferior to white people (Fanon 2004). In a study of Fanon’s philosophy, Gordon (2015) reveals the concept of “subordinated theoretical identity” (p. 5) which is observed in limited opportunities of researchers and intellectuals of African descent for forming their own judgment that would be seen as independent and potentially influential. In addressing these issues, Fanon not only stresses the importance of social change toward extensive acknowledgment of the rights and identities of black people but also argues that black people themselves should engage in existential practices of self-cognition with the purpose to move toward political liberation. One of the mo
Introduction It is not quite strange to see many schoolchildren and students eager to learn. However, many of these learners require or anticipate their teachers to hearten, challenge, and stimulate them to learn. In the contemporary learning environments, many distracters prevent the learners from effective learning both inside and outside classroom. Thus, the ability of schoolchildren and students to learn effectively depends on the teacher’s capability to preserve the enthusiasm, which brought learners to their learning environment. It does not matter the level of motivation the learners bring into the classroom because the occurrences within the classroom affects motivation of learners, positively or negatively. Regrettably, there is no solitary modus operandi of motivating learners. Among the very many factors that affect the motivation of learners, include interest in a given area,
Although it is considered that adolescents’ responsibilities are somewhat smaller in scope and significance than those which adults have, the challenges they encounter throughout every single day of their lives may be unbearable. Excess public expectations, parental and peer criticism, necessary to comply with various social roles are just a few reasons contributing to various teenage psychological difficulties. In particularly challenging situations, positive and trustful communication with peers and adults serves as the primary source of support. Thus, its role in the promotion of adolescents’ well-being is critical. Based on this, we will analyze the roles and self-perceptions of teenagers, as well as adults’ perceptions of adolescents, and the parent-child communication styles that are prevalent in the society to understand what communication patterns and contexts of support have greater potential to stimulate the development of sound identities and welfare in teenagers. Social Pressure and Roles of Adolescents In “The Triple Bind,” Hinshaw and Kranz examine how average teenagers are perceived in the modern culture and how various social expectations, mediated via parental, peer, and teachers’ criticism, affect children’s behaviors and overall psychological conditions. The authors state that nowadays teenagers are expected to be ambitious and successful in every area of life, and in the case of failure or even a little mistake they start feeling guilty and unhappy because of the criticism and unacceptance by others. When trying to enrich their academic, personal, and athletic lives, children frequently encounter unmanageable levels of pressure which, at some point, may result in a psychological burnout. Moreover, it is observed that in many cases girls are exposed to greater public pressure and contradictory expectations. They should show excellent results in education and career and, at the same time, fulfill their traditional social roles of wives and mothers, and reveal their innate feminine beauty and qualities in all possible ways 1 . The perceived contradictions and unconformity between social expectation and personal interests is detrimental to individual health and feeling of psychological security. Parents represent the primary category of caregivers. However, frequently they fail to provide sufficient psychological and emotional support to their children a
Introduction Management is a profession as well as an art that has developed for a long period. Management has a long history that can be traced back to over a hundred years ago. It is important for any manager to understand the history of management to be able to steer an organization forward. Managers need to understand where management started and how it has developed to reach where it is today. It is said that a country should have a memory; otherwise such a country is better referred to as ‘a nation of mad people’. Applying this to the management profession, it can be said that management that does not have memories is a management for ‘mad people’ (Smith, 2007). Not many scholars are interested in history. Most students are just interested in knowing how to manage, with only a few being interested in knowing where management came from and how it developed. This creates managers who do not have deep knowledge in management (Daft & Marcic, 2013). In addition, most training institutions today do not give much emphasis on the history of management. It is still important to understand the origin of management, despite the fact that management is not a new term. The purpose of this essay is to explain why managers and management students should understand the history of management. Managers and management students need to study the history of management critically so that they can know where the profession is headed to in the future. Importance of studying history of management One of the major challenges that trainers face in teaching their managements students is taking them through the journey of the past management practices. Modern students seem not to understand much beyond their timeframe. It, therefore, becomes a mountain task for managers to explain anything that is outside what students have come to know as reality (Waddell, Jones & George, 2011). As a result, too much of the context that management students require to understand the art of management is non-existent. Students fail to understand the contemporary importance of past theory and practice. It is important to note that the current theory has evolved from past theories. Therefore, managers and students might not understand the real context of theories and their applications if they have no idea of how the theories evolved. Understanding past theories would enable managers to compare the current practices in the organization with past theories. This would make managers and management students understand where they go wrong and when they go wrong. The past theories have been constantly improved as the economic environment changes to make them remain relevant. Therefore, if managers understand these theories they are able to avoid practices that are contrary to the theories. As a result, managers are in a position to execute their duties in a manner that would take the organization forward (Wren, 1987). According to Smith (2007), understanding the history of management has the ability to add value to the curriculum of management. If management trainers and students s
Introduction Various religious architectural structures were developed as early 1400 BC; in which various religions have been associated with them for a long period up to date. In this paper, a critical appraisal of various architectures in Buddhism, Christianity and Islamic religions and their significance will be presented. Perhaps, these religious architectural structures have great significance in the religions associated with them; as they portray some untold beliefs and ideas that constitute such religious organizations. More specifically, each religious architectural structure can be described to be having a number of explanations concerning the beliefs and rituals of such religions. Among the many religious organizations in the world, each of one of them has its architectural designs and buildings associated with it; in which their ways of living are associated with (Behrens 100 – 127). The Architectural Structures in Buddhism Religion In Buddhism religion, various architectural structures like Stupas which are oldest in Buddhism and Pagodas which are major form of architectural structures in Buddhism have been used for long time up to date. An example of a Pagoda An example of Stupas In Buddhist religion, various architectural structures have been developed and associated with the religion for more than 700 years; where the structures depicted the uniqueness of Buddhists. Initially, Buddhism originated from Indian culture; where Buddha teachings were strongly emphasized. In this regard, there are two basic architectural structures associated with Buddhism which include the Stupas and the Pagodas. As Buddhism is an old religion, the architectural structures associated with it have developed sequentially from one era to another; indicating various beliefs and values of that religion. In this regard therefore, the followers of Buddhism have been associating themselves with these architectural structural which represented better, their way of spiritual life up to date (Ajanta 143 – 155). In this case, Stupas are among the oldest architectural structures in Buddhism; whose main function was to safeguard the historical object of Buddha, the founder of Buddhist religion. As depicted by the structural appearance of Stupas, the relics displayed represent a religion whose belief in their gods was endless and relishing. In this regard, the symbolic representation of these architectural structures meant an endless reliance on their gods; whom they believed never let them down. One of the most significant features of Stupas is that, they were conical in shape and had broad base indicating the massive strength of their gods. In this case an example of a Stupa is Jetavanaramaya which is a brick-clad in Sri Lanka (Ajanta 143 – 155). On the other hand, Pagodas formed the major form of Buddhism architectural structures; where they were modified structures and incorporated specific symbols in Buddhist religion. Perhaps, Pagodas
Introduction The Anti-noise movement in Germany led to the curtailing of the night flights at Frankfurt airport resulting is economic and operational issues. Banning of nightly flights from the airport adversely hit the freight cargo movement that occurs mostly at night. In this light, the present paper traces the legal and social developments that led to such an obstruction by airlines. This brings forth the development and hindering factors for environmental mediation in Germany. This paper essentially studies the anti-noise campaign against Frankfurt airport and the legal battle that preceded the closure of the airport at night-time. This paper is a case study of Frankfurt airport that faced the recent obstacle of closing down its night-time operations that would hamper its revenue. Strikes occurring to stop the noise pollution caused by airlines were considered to have cost the airport 40 million euro (Bryan, 2012). This loss accrued only due to a two-day strike. There the ultimate legal battle that followed, actually resulted in a permanent closure of the airport at night. This too supposedly has an adverse effect on the financial performance of the airport. This paper aims to present the chronological events that resulted in the closure of the airport in 2011 from 2300 hrs to 0500 hrs. The lawsuits and the ultimate law that resulted in such closure will be discussed in the paper. The paper is a case study of the Frankfurt airport and the effect of the nightly closure order passed by the courts in Germany that was effect from 21 October 2011. The night-time ban on the operation of flights in Frankfurt airport was effective in 2012. The German court upheld this decision to ban night flights from Frankfurt airport in order uphold the demands of anti-noise campaigners. The ban was upheld in an administrative court in Leipzig (AFP, 2012). The immediate effect of the ban was that 17 flights from the airport were affected. This ban was just provisional as further review was to occur on the 133 flights operating at 2200 hrs t0 2300 hrs and 0500 to 0600 hrs in the morning. In terms of loses this ban is supposed to cost €40 million for Lufthansa Cargo, a freight division of Lufthansa Airline every year. This ban also reduced the share prices of the airport operator Fraport by 2.15 percent and that of Lufthansa fell by 4.41 percent. Economists believe that not only the airfreight industry but also the tourist and passenger industry is likely to be hit by the nightly ban. Therefore, the economic effect of the ban of the night flights in Frankfurt airport was huge. This ban of the night operations at the airport will affect air freight industry to a great e