ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The excerpts from the works written on the aftermath of George Frideric Handel’s death in 1759 in London are a commemoration of his life and art. The authors are generous in their appraisal of Handel’s unsurpassed skills and abilities and do not hesitate to put a special emphasis on his significance for English culture. Agreeing on the composer’s mastery and ingenuity, however, these authors seem to regard his influence from diversifying perspectives, which implies that they refer to different aspects of his life and work. Both opinions depict the reception of Handel’s works in the 18th-century England where the composer spent most of his life and died 1 . The ultimate message of these commemorations – and many other works written on the subject of Handel’s career in England – is that the composer’s contribution to the country’s culture was inestimable 2 . The first one, for example, refers to Handel’s move to England which conveys an impression of a Messiah’s arrival and may be a reference to the composer’s success with the opera “Rinaldo” – the one that was written almost in haste but brought him fame with the British all the same 3 . From that, one can concede that the arrival of Handel is regarded as a critical point in the English history that took English music to a new level. The other work echoes that viewpoint stating that it was Handel who demonstrated the full potential of an organ with his art. Thus, both works agree upon the composer’s unicity and his paramount significance to the culture of England in particular as the composer’s unique approach and the unprecedented talent he demonstrated in creating and performing his pieces touched a chord in the public consciousness. The aspect of disagreement here, and the most interesting implication in each of the quotations, is exactly what in Handel’s art had the most value to that public. The differentiation of opinions becomes evident when one considers how these viewpoints are phrased. The patriotic inclinations of the 18th-century England are implied in the first quotation starting from the very first sentence where the author points out Handel was not a native Englishman. From that, the reader can get an impression that nationality had something to do with the composer’s success – moreover, that the success happened in spite of his nationality. This subject, however, is not pressed further, although the position of England versus the rest of the world is stated clearly. With regard to that, the author speaks of the composer’s manner being congenial to that of the English people – a “manly” race, which give
One of the most significant steps in any person’s life is getting own education. In order to provide each person with proper education, it is very important to any teacher to choose the best educative models and methods and help students to enlarge own level of knowledge and practical and communicative skills. Teacher training programs are considered to be a good start for understanding that linguistics and its diversity are important issues to discuss. The book Relevant Linguistics: An Introduction to the Structure and Use of English for Teachers is a good source of information that provides teachers with strong background linguistic knowledge and with an opportunity to train their professional skills in order to cope with any linguistic situation that may happen during classes. The ways of how descriptivism and prescriptivism are applied to English reading and writing, the dialects of English, which are inherent to the chosen community, and the examples of dominants dialects will be discussed in this paper. For many reading and writing teachers, the value of learning linguistics is regarded to be considerable, because this course not only presents necessary information about language but also gives a kind of insight into one of the most significant aspects of human behavior. The ideas of descriptivism and prescriptivism turn out to be crucial for those, who teach reading and writing English: some teachers still believe that it is important to prescribe how to speak English, and some teachers use another technology, describing how to speak English. Many people find it very difficult to study grammar as it is a set of strict rules, which have to be followed any way by those, who want to speak correctly (Justice, 2004). For a long period of time, educators use the prescribing approach in order to study their students what rules have to be followed, what it means to speak correctly, and why numerous exercises and practices should be used. In fact, teachers do not want to concentrate on describing how it is to speak correctly, because they assure that following the already established rules is the only activity that has to be used. This prescriptive approach proves that the value of reading and wiring English is closely connected to past studies and has certain grounds, which cannot be removed or neglected. Another important issue that may raise the value of learning linguistics among reading and writing teachers is the presence of numerous dialects within one community. English Language Learners (ELL) face too many challenges while reading and writing; the variety of dialects disturb students, and teachers have to be ready to support their students and improve the situations to teach and correct mistakes, which are made because of lack of p
On August 28, 1963, Dr. Martin Luther King delivered a speech “I Have a Dream” to over 200, 000 civil rights supporters in Washington following a protest march for freedom and jobs. In his speech that lasted 17 minutes, Luther called for racial equality and halt to all manner discrimination. The speech came at a time when black people in America were facing serious challenges that stretched from racial segregation to slavery to bigotry. At this time, the civil-rights movement in America was expanding rapidly and it came to pas that the speech meant to galvanize the movement. The speech left an indelible imprint in the hearts of many Americans who wanted justice to be their shield and defender. In fact, as days went by, the speech “I Have a Dream” by Martin Luther has become one of the most high-ranking and rousing pieces of oratory in American history. Amazingly, when Luther reached midway reading the scripted text, he posed and then abandoned it. Instead, Luther improvised the sections of the speech leading to its making it decipherable—the itinerary through which the words “I have a dream” fervently replicate. This essay will examine and analyze Martin Luther’s speech “I have a dream” with am emphasis on speech for voice and rhetoric. Notably, it is imperative to note that Luther argued and supported his clause. Thus, it is also imperative to make out the language he used and the directed audience (Doug 1). To start with, Luther starts by saying that all men irrespective of their color, race, age or sex are equal. In his speech, Luther repeatedly mentioned the mistreatment of black Americans over a long period. For instance, Luther starts by saying, “One hundred year later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination” (The Junto Society 1). He goes on repeatedly calling for equality among all American citizens. Luther goes ahead to state how he visions his four children living in a nation devoid of racism, and the one in which the content of character of a person matters. In his speech, Luther finds historical documents so imperative in defending his argument. For example, the Emancipation Proclamation set the pace to end slavery in America. The document, which was an executive order and fully enjoying the support of President Lincoln, earmarked a new era in United States by advocating the freeing of slaves in the accomplice states. In other words, this was the beginning of a new chapter in America, the chapter of equality for African-American. The second historical document stated
Annotated bibliography Lawes-Wickwar et al. “A Rapid Systematic Review of Public Responses to Health Messages Encouraging Vaccination against Infectious Diseases in a Pandemic or Epidemic.” Vaccines, vol. 9, no. 72, 2021, pp. 1-28. ProQuest. Web . The question as to whether one should take the covid-19 vaccine or not is shown to be influenced by various internal factors, as indicated in this article. The article is imperative in contributing to this debatable question because it discusses the reasons for vaccine use by highlighting the associated advantages. There are segments of the world population who are hesitant about taking the covid-19 vaccine due to psychological factors, which include not being educated, beliefs, and a reduction in risk perception of the pandemic. The reference is a publication of a systematic review study that aimed at presenting the results regarding effective messaging in addressing the hesitancy to the covid-19 vaccine. Lawes-Wickwar et al. (18-24) have discussed the strategies that can be considered when promoting the acceptance of a covid-19 vaccine, which is safe and approved by the relevant bodies. It is important for healthcare providers to understand the barriers to taking the covid vaccine with the aim of developing clear and factual messages that can help to counter false perceptions about the vaccine. The article upholds the importance of understanding the needs of the targeted population to develop messages that are relevant in personal and social contexts to increase intentions and willingness for the covid-19 vaccine uptake. Lawes-Wickwar et al.’s article presents information that could be used in handling resistance by the public to taking the covid-19 vaccine. Fitzgerald, Daniel S. “Prescriber Hesitancy on Covid Vaccines: Data Suggests Physicians Just as Hesitant as Patients, but Recent Successes Could Turn the Tide.” Pharmaceutical Executive, vol. 41, no. 1, p. 39. EBSCOhost. n.d. Web . Fitzgerald (39) also indicates the hesitancy in taking the covid-19 vaccine, but unlike in Lawes-Wickwar et al. ‘s who focused on patients as discussed above, his attention is on physicians. Fitzgerald asserts the essence of having a well-orchestrated public program through which the public gains access to accurate and relevant information on the safety and efficacy of the covid vaccine. The prescriber is an important ambassador for health; hence, if they are not convinced of the benefits of the covid vaccines, it becomes difficult for them to convince the public. The authors advocate for the provision of data to show the efficacy and safety of the covid vaccine. Moreover, they assert the importance of addressing the psychological factors resulting in hesitancy; thereby, taking the covid vaccine becomes important to validate the extant positive phase III data on the effects of the covid vaccine. The article presents the position of health specialists in the United States regarding the covid vaccine as influenced by the lack of convincing data. However, preliminary vaccine trials have been positive and
Development among children is an issue of nature against nurture, that is, it depends on the environment as well as the hereditary factors the child gets from the parents. The genes are some of the heredity factors that affect the human development. Gotten from both parents, they define the physical features. The gene that a child gets from the parents depends on the most dominant gene among the parents. For example, if one of the parents had black hair and the other one brown, the child will take the hair colour of the parent with the dominant gene. Environmental factors also affect human physical development; the environmental climate the child is exposed to affects his/her growth. A parent who smokes and subjects the children to such pollutants is likely to have children who are poorly developed physically (Leo, 2006). Cognitive development among children is focused on the brain development: the brain development among children is affected by many factors. Among them are the following: education is one of the physical factors that affect the cognitive development; qualities like the esteem and self-confidence of the children are developed through getting involved in other children and socializing with them (Leo, 2006). The minds of the children are also stimulated through some activities like jigsaws and book reading to achieve a high level of development. The culture the child is subjected to also pose an effect on the way the brain develops. A child who is brought out in an environment wher
Abstract In the following work different ethical dilemmas that nonprofit and for-profit organizations face in their work are described. Moreover, an analysis of the steps made by these organizations to solve this problem is given. Different ethical theories that can be applied to the activity of different companies are taken into account and investigated. Cogitations about the ethical principles of for-profit and nonprofit companies are shown. Introduction Throughout all history, humanity recognized children to be the future of the planet. That is why people tried to create better conditions for their living. However, in some regions, it is very difficult to do it because of a set of problems. In such cases, the United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF) tries to help children in these areas and guarantee their living under good conditions. The organization was created in 1946 as a part of the United Nations and now it is one of the members of the United Nations Development Group. The main duty of the organization is to protect children’s rights and life throughout the world, guaranteeing education and health protection for them. It appreciates the life of a child and his mother most of all. The greater part of the money which is used by this fund to help children comes from unsolicited contributions of different organizations and persons who want to support the activity of this Fund. The headquarter of the organization is situated in New York. However, there is a great number of different offices all over the world which regulate the activity of the company and promote its prompt response to any need. Nowadays, UNICEF is one of the most widespread organizations which has its representatives in the great number of different countries all over the world. There are regional offices in, Panama City, Geneva, Bangkok, Nairobi, Amman, Kathmandu and Dakar ( Millennium Development goals , n.d.). Great number of offices in main regions of the world underlines organisations power and influence. UNICEF exempt from tax under section 501(
Introduction The American marketing association defines marketing as ‘the activities, set of institutions and processes for creating communicating delivering and exchanging offering that have value to its customers, partners and the society at large’ (Marketingpower.com, 2007). Marketing is the process through which companies create, communicate and deliver value to actual and potential customers in order to increase revenues (Stanton, Etzel and Walker, 2007). Kotler defines marketing as “the science and art of exploring, creating, and delivering value to satisfy the needs of a target market at a profit” (Kotler, 2000). Thus it is the process through which companies establish and sustain mutually beneficial long term relationship between the organization and its customers. In highly competitive markets such as the mobile phones market which is characterized by countless products, rapid technological changes, short product life cycle, pressure to reduce prices due to high competition among others, companies have always resorted to creatively and rapidly developing marketing strategies in order to compete effectively (Constance and Gower, 2001). The level of competition in this industry is quite high and frequently companies that were previously leading in market share and profitability are quickly finding themselves being edged out of the market. A good example is Motorola which a few years ago occupied the top three positions in the global mobile phone industry (Wirelessandmobilenews.com. 2010). The challenge is more critical when a product is new and is entering a mature market which has well established and respected brands that are clearly defined in market share. Whereas the new product is unknown, the established players on the other hand have the experience and the resources to defend their market share and positions. This is the situation that Apple found itself in when it introduced the iPhone into the market some few years do. At the time the corporate mobile phone market had successful established itself with global Companies such as Research in Motion, Palm Nokia and Erikson having acquired significant market share that targeted all segments of the market including low-end and high-end. Despite this, iPhone Company has managed to enter this industry where it targets the high-end market segment and has overall been successful; as a result the company has been able to add a m
Key Case Information In the case under consideration, a 76-year-old patient presents to a healthcare facility with the chief complaint of hard skin on the balls of his feet and a burning sensation. Primary assessment helps to reveal a number of serious social and medical issues that may play a role in further clinical neurovascular evaluation. Among the offered variety of diseases and symptoms, attention has to be paid to the fact that the patient was diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes (that does not require using insulin) eight years ago. The patient faces certain challenges in treating this disease because he does not find it necessary to monitor the level of blood glucose regularly. In addition, he smokes more than 20 cigarettes per day. Individually, this bad habit and diabetes enhance the risks of cerebrovascular and neurological disorders (Prasad & Cucullo, 2015). His past medical history also shows that the patient has osteoarthritis, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and myocardial infarction. There are certain changes in foot condition, including the absence of hair on legs, telangiectasia, haemosiderin deposits, and anhidrotic skin. All these problems can be defined as serious diabetes- and hypertension-related complications. In the list of the above-mentioned signs and complaints, a burning sensation at night and the ankle-brachial pressure index turn out to be the two points that may indicate the neurovascular status. According to Tavee and Zhou (as cited in Volmer-Thole & Lobmann, 2016), diabetic neuropathy of the lower extremities is characterized by a high sensation of pain and the “burning feet syndrome” that usually arises at night. Another important issue is the ankle-brachial index (ABI) or the ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) within normal limits (1.3 in the right leg and 1.27 in the left leg). Singer, Tassiopoulos, and Kirsner (2017) state that “falsely normal or even elevated ABIs may be seen in patients with non-compressible vessels, in patients with diabetes that is caused by glycation of blood vessels, and in elderly patients with vessel calcification” (p. 1562). New diagnostic tools are required to clarify the diagnosis and define the neurovascular status. Assessment Selection This diabetic patient with the
Introduction This report is about the Satara team, under the leadership of their team leader Gary Pinto is in a race against time in an effort to develop a very small and light imaging system that can operate from a satellite in space to digitally document environmental threats such as a dramatic increase in water and air pollution as well as coastal erosion. The team is made up of Gary Pinto who is the team leader, David Benett and Ira Lovas who are senior mechanical engineers, Steve Rowling as the senior electrical engineer, Jean Mahoney as the electrical engineer, Katherine Baxter as the mechanical engineer and Derek Delaney who is the assistant mechanical engineer. There was generally very little communication among the team members. Some of the key team members were constantly in conflict with each other and were largely responsible for the lack of cohesion among all team members. The main characters who are responsible for most of the team’s woes were their senior mechanical engineers. By virtue of their wealth of experience in the field of mechanical engineering, they had been charged by the team leader with sharing leadership effort of designing the mechanical aspects of the imaging system that the team was developing. Ira Lovas’ approach to design was conservative as well as methodical which contrasted that of David Benett which was not only unorthodox but came together with his adamant style of presenting ideas. Ira resented David for all second-guessing his decisions and abilities while David on the other hand felt that his ideas were far more superior to Ira’s. The inability of these two fellows to see eye to eye is the genesis of the woes that Satera team finds itself in. The bad blood between two key team members meant that no team member wanted to be dragged into their seemingly endless egoistic battles. In this report, we are going to try and get to the bottom of Satera’s woes. We will have to find out why there is an abundance of conflict, lack of cohesion, and little communication in Satera. We are also going to explore the different ways of addressing all these emergent issues. Finally, we will recommend the best way possible to solve these issues. Body The crux of all the problems that Satera team i
Introduction Leadership is a process that is typified by social influence, which is used to support personnel in an organisation to accomplish common tasks (Clawson 2011). Thus, a leader can be explained as a person who can be followed by other persons with the aim of directing them to achieve certain goals. It has also been argued that leaders are persons in a company that are critical to organise others. In the contemporary business world that is characterised by relatively high levels of competition, it is prudent for management teams of business establishments to apply excellent leadership qualities that can help them to attain objectives. There is no doubt that leaders need to adopt mission and vision statements that are significant to direct personnel towards accomplishing everyday jobs. When the management applies effective methods of attaining performance, then it is almost guaranteed that unique outcomes would be realised (Clawson 2011). Cohen (2008) shows that effective CEOs are key to achieve unique business outcomes. A debate has been going on in relation to whether performances of firms are correlated with leadership styles. The Business Review Weekly Magazines is one of the leading publications that rank companies based on their performances. This paper focuses on discussing the extent to which leadership impacts market performances. It seeks to challenge the notion that business outcomes are independent of leadership attributes. Specifically, the paper discusses the following firms: Schnitz, Drilltechniques and Fossil Energy Services Pty Ltd. Discussion It is vital to note that the three companies operate in three different industries, which are accommodation, manufacturing and construction. Among the firms that were ranked the Fast 100 in 2013, the three firms were among the top five (Fairfax Media Publications 2013). Another common feature to note about the firms is that they have operated for less than 6 years. Thus, it would be interesting to know the leadership attributes that the management teams of the companies used so that they could be at the top of the market growth chart. Collingwood (2009) contends that one important aspect in relation to achieving the best growth patterns is the extent to which leaders in an organisation they relate to their stakeholders, who could be employees, the public, consumers, investors, and the media (Hornibrook, Fearne & Lazzarin 2009). A leadership that concentrates on rewarding workers who produce unique results increases the chances of attaining unrivalled outcomes (Collingwood 2009). In fact, workers require directions of those in leadership so that they would focus on achieving good outcomes. Products and serv