ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The chosen leaflet increases the audience’s awareness regarding the measures that can be implemented in order to lessen the risks of being affected by diabetes. It can be evaluated as rather effective because it is accomplished in such a way that it is easy to understand for common people. In addition, it features bright illustrations with helpful comments that add to its readability. The leaflet targets all the gender and age groups, but it makes an emphasis on people in the gender and age groups that are especially affected by diabetes. Using the Flesh formula, it can be concluded that the leaflet has a good level of readability, but it can be improved in case it is shorter because a few sections of it are better to be united and reduced so that they would make only one section. The organization that wrote the leaflet is a commercial medical organization, titled “Sanon-aventis Gulf Office”, from Dubai Health Care City. Although the specific of the organization’s work is gaining profits, the leaflet does not feature any type of bias in its writing style. The overall discern rating for this leaflet is good. Approaching the leaflet from the point of view of the theory of planned behaviour, a few major areas using components of this psychological theory can be identified. The theory is using a social cognition model, which assumes that society affects individuals’ behaviour. In the leaflet, it is possible to see a number of cases of this model implementation (“Theory of Planned Behaviour”, 2012). For example, page 2 says people should make exercises because it will not only improve their health condition, but will also assist them in having better looks. Besides, page 3 indicates that exercising with a friend or with family members will be more effective because it is fun and it is useful for everyone; thus, it is possible to see how the authors appeal to people’s behavioural tendencies in regards to the theory of planned behaviour. Generally, the way the authors have accomplished this leaflet indicates that they are aware of physiological peculiarities of people’s behaviour, and its sociological implications, in particular (“Theory of Planned Behaviour”, 2012). In addition, the leaflet invokes positive emotional responses due to its mood which is definitely a good idea as people are better motivated to act in a particular way if they have a positive vision of the matter. Besides, the language used in this brochure is easy to understand and nonintrusive, which adds to its effectiveness. With regards to the PIL improvements, is important to note that much can be done to help this leaflet have a better impact on the audience. First of all, based on the theory of planned behaviour, the readers should be motivated to form a certain way of thinking regarding the importance of particular way of acting so that they would be motivated to have a special kind of behaviour (“Theory of Planned Behaviour”, 2012). To improve this point in the leaflet, it can be offered to add statistics data that pr
Scope and Goals The primary goal of the public engagement initiative is to come up with practical solutions to the challenges facing the adoption of GMOs in Canadian agriculture. The engagement activities will entail consistent interactive deliberations between specialists and non-specialists to establish conditions for sharing information about GMOs (Moore para. 5). The project will inform and consult the citizens to enhance their comprehension the complexity of the GMO issue. In particular, it will focus on the risks and benefits of GM crops to the Canadian agriculture. The project will run for six months beginning in April through September 2016. Why Engage the Public Anti-GMO proponents often feed consumers with misinformation, which creates concerns over the safety of GMOs. Therefore, proper communication is required to educate the public and support informed decisions by the Canadian policy makers. The engagement initiative will define the complexity of the GMO issue, build consensus, and promote the understanding of the risks and benefits of GM crops. The anticipated roles of the public include:  1. Inform – educate the citizens about GMOs, issues being addressed, and areas that require their opinions.  2. Consult – collect information and views from the public.  3. Collaborate – work with stakeholders to develop and adopt identified solutions. Who are the Stakeholders? This public engagement will seek to capture the perspectives and sentiments of stakeholders from diverse groups, including the public (consumers), academia, anti-GMO proponents, Agri-biotech firms, local authorities, and farmers. Each stakeholder category has distinct interests in the issue. Public Engagement Tools This project will use a multi-faceted public engagement approach to engage the public. The rationale for the choice of an integrated approach is to use a variety of media that support collaboration between stakeholders to develop a consensus on the GMO issue. As the OMSSA notes, public engagement is a collaborative exercise that provides participation opportunities to all citizens (12). A multidisciplinary approach will support the public’s roles in the project, i.e., inform, consult, and collaborate. Rowe and Frewer state that educating the citizens empowers them to participate effectively in a two-way communication (252). Therefore, the tools selected will promote the public’s understanding of the technical details underlying the GMO technology and provide a platform for information exchanges. They include: Public meetings The aim is to involve stakeholders from industry, academia, and health care to inform the public about GMOs and how they are prod
FDF Company is interested in increasing its production capacity of cakes and muffins, which would be sold to airlines. In fact, the envisaged project is expected to be supported by an extra line that would be important in significantly increasing the production capacity of the business establishment. The project will deal with three new flex stages, which are mixing, depositing, and baking processes. The stages would be essential in producing muffins and mini cakes in the UK. It would be important to choose a company that would supply the equipment for the production of the planned goods. It would be expected that the food products would be of high quality so that they can be characterised by excellent sales in the markets. Brook Food Company would be selected as the preferred supplier of the equipment to be used in the production because they are convenient and meet all the standards in muffin and cake making. This paper aims at discussing the background and capacities of the selected organisation. In addition, it focuses on analysing the backgrounds and capacities of competitors of the selected firm. The following are the specifications of the new line products:   * Moisture content in muffin bar: 25% approx.   * Bake Time Required: 45 Minutes   * Bake Temperature: 370F The attributes of the muffins would ensure that they would be of excellent quality that would lead to significant sales in both local and foreign markets. The specifications of depositors, mixers and ovens are shown below: Depositor:   * To produce 4400 muffins / per hour   * Cupcake size (10 – 100gr approx.)   * 6-8 heads Mixer:   * Ability to mix 400 kg   * To produce 4,400 muffins / per hour Oven:   * Four trolley racks either in 1×4 or 2×2 format convectional pass through an oven   * To bake 4,800 muffins / per hour Thus, the equipment of the firm would be selected for the project. The firm has the largest market of for second hand machines in the UK and in foreign markets. In addition, it is characterised by good equipment for mixing, depositing and baking stages. Backgrounds & Capacities of manufacturers (Depositors, Mixers and ovens) Brook Food Processing Equipment Company This firm is involved in supplying new, refurbished and used machines that are utilised in making bakery products in the UK. The sale of used and refurbished products is one of the company’s strategic marketing tools because the sale of second hand goods is a good idea to the customers with relatively small investments that cannot be used in purchasing new baking machines. As the UK’s largest supplier of bakery equipment, the organisation has aligned its policies and strategies in a manner that enables the it to be respond to customer tastes and preferences in different segments of the market. As a result, it has been able to pride itself as being very responsive to client needs, enabling it to retain a large number of loyal customers who have in turn enabled it to enjoy a large market share in this highly competitive market. According to the management, the company aims at placin
Introduction As life continues becoming more challenging, more workers are getting frustrated. Hence, they tend to develop negative attitudes towards their workplace and colleagues. This often leads to poor performance of the employees and the entire company. Admittedly, this is unacceptable and top management should be aware of a variety of strategies to improve relations with employees as well as among employees. This paper focuses on how managers should avert negativity, promote positive attitude, and motivate underperformers in their workplace. Avoiding Negativity and Conflicts Handling negativity requires high expertise to prevent rebellion of the workers. To effectively prevent development of negativity in the workplace, managers should understand various beliefs or attitudes that different workers uphold (Von Hoffman 34). For instance, if there is a need in extending working hours, the manager should take into account probable negative reaction of some employees. Instead of simply declaring the need to work more, the manager can develop a strategy to avoid probable negative attitude. The manager can introduce certain monetary awards to those who work long hours. This move will motivate the workers to invest their time more willingly. The manager will be able to avoid negativity as extended working hours will be voluntary. Workers will accept the new schedule as an opportunity to earn more, rather than the company’s attempt to steal their time. Therefore, the conflict situation will be avoided. Another way to avoid negativity is to avoid unproductive criticism. Admittedly, there are challenging tasks and some employees can have difficulties with some projects. The situation when an employee has made a lot of mistakes is rather common. The manager should not simply criticize the struggling employee. People tend to have negative attitude towards any type of criticism. They often try to defend themselves and this can be the beginning of a conflict situation. However, if the manager tries to understand what is going wrong, the employee will not form negative attitudes. The manager should discuss the problems with the employee. Clearly, it is necessary to work out certain solution. Thus, the task can be out of the employee’s competence and this task should be given to another employee.
Aristocracy It is especially interesting to look at the role of women in politics throughout history. In many societies of old, the woman’s role was strictly related to her ability to bear children, form marriages, and continue the ancestral line of her family. To a much bigger degree than men, women were by the virtue of their birth to fulfill a role-specific to their biological makeup. This peculiarity not only limited the available career choices for a woman but also shaped societal expectations of what a successful woman should be. Women of all walks of life were largely expected to devote themselves to nurturing and supporting others instead of actively discovering their ambitions or initiating important historic events. The political influence of female figures of power was mostly restricted to making negotiation and allegiance easier, having been regarded as a bargaining chip to some degree. Although an ability to participate in a political process is undoubtedly invaluable and beneficial, the fact that the available range options for women were limited by their lineage and ability to raise children is concerning. Tribal Politics Much like in later times, the roles of women were in a major way dictated by their biological abilities and differences from men. Curiously, even today, many individuals inform their understanding of femininity by referring to tribal times. The notion of women acting on the sidelines, while occasionally being given an ability to meaningfully contribute to larger societal structures is still appealing to many conservative individuals. Although many of the structural mechanisms of tribal societies were reviewed and changed throughout the years, a woman’s role somehow manages to rigidly persist. It is notable, however, that women were more influential in local politics before the overwhelming influence of euro-centrism. It can be speculated that without the violent colonization effort of the past, many of the modern society’s views on women might have been drastically different. Women and Politics in the Twentieth Century In the twentieth century, a woman’s political role has changed drastically. In both societal management and the war effort, women were a necessary asset to every community. While the male population was largely fighting on the front lines, women were responsible for helping countries operate through hard labor, childrearing, and other types of support. The workforce was greatly expanded by using women, and many of them managed to prove as capable as men in their positions. Both the responsibilities and the opportunities for women greatly expanded, allowing many to participate in the political pro
Introduction Media can be analysed using various approaches, including the Gramscianism approach. This method creates a link between the media and society by examining the factors that make the media what people know it. In discussing the Gramscianism approach, the keywords are race, media and culture. This paper looks at the Gramscianism approach to media. It also discusses the role of the media and how this role affects the society. Lastly, the paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the approach. The paper aims to prove that the Gramscianism approach is the best approach to analysing the media and how it affects the society. The Gramscianism Approach to Media The Gramscianism approach to media states that there are racial representations in the media (Hardy 17). The statement can refer to two things. The first is that the media supports racism; therefore, it favours some races over others. The second meaning could be that the media promotes racism among the viewers. This section of the essay will look at both angles. A lot of controversies come up when discussing the relationship between the media and the society. Hardy (6) explains that the controversies arise because of both the positive and negative impacts of the media. This section of the essay will look at the relationship between the media and the society, based on the Gramscianism approach. As mentioned, the approach states that there are racial representations in the media. Gramsci explains the economic determinants that affect the influence that the media has (Alexander 13). For example, the advertisement of a young, rich white woman shopping in a store will encourage more people to buy things from that store than that of a young, rich black woman. This can be attributed to the aspect of the class. The issue of race did not start the other day; white people have been perceived as the superior race not only by themselves, but also by other races. Thus, people feel that they will get the class of a wealthy, young white woman if they use the same stores she is using. However, many people will not have the same perception if it was a black woman. It can be argued that the media supports racism by encouraging one type of race to participate in matters concerning the media. For the longest time, people in the media were white. Black television presenters were rarely given the opportunity to present news in the major television stations. If they were given the chance to become show hosts, then the shows would either be about gossip or require very little interaction with the people. However, it is crucial to note that the black community became very prominent in the media due to the comical shows in the mid-1960s to late 1970s. Unfortunately, this confirmed the stereotypes that black people are only good for comical effect, but not serious things. Looking at stand-up comedies, many of the most successful comedians in the world are black people. However, this
Case Analysis The case analysis under discussion focuses on the opening of the first IKEA store in Russia. After the fall of the Iron Curtain, IKEA decided to enter Russian market and grab the attention of its newly emerged middle class. This decision was caused by the need of Russian people to have new, properly designed, and affordable furniture instead of the existing cumbersome cupboards and handmade items. However, the company encountered corruption and misunderstanding in Russia. Problems The first problem is associated with the improperly designed ad campaign that was perceived as immoral due to the fact that despite the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the local population preserved its mentality related to the taboo around sex. The second problem refers directly to corruption. In particular, several obstacles were created by Moscow officials to resist the store opening without paying a special service fee. For example, following its business model, IKEA was forced to build a new mall outside Moscow, namely in Khimki that is located three miles from the city. Furthermore, the construction of the special overpass that was expected to improve access to the store was blocked by Moscow, thus making the issue of traffic irresolvable. Finally, Russian representatives made an ultimatum, threatening to turn electricity off in case a service fee will not be paid. Solutions From the above observations, it becomes evident that the core question of this case is whether to pay a fee or cancel the opening. It seems that the best strategy to resolve the identified problems is to continue expansion to the market with certain adjustments. First of all, it is necessary to change ad campaign calling people to share benefits of IKEA. This can be achieved through an in-depth exploration of Russian culture and mentality and subsequent conclusion. As for the ultimatum regarding electricity, it can be useful to implement diesel generators that are not dependant on it. The mentioned solution will eliminate one problem, yet it may give an opportunity to Russian officials to come up with another idea and also require paying the so-called service fee. In this connection, it is of great importance to resist local corruption on a global scale. In other words, it will be useful to apply for both national and global communities, attracting their attention to the problems. For instance, Anti-Corruption Agency identifies and controls corruption and bribery cases. Besides, it also seems to be important for IKEA to show Moscow the mutual benefits of their collaboration so that the latter can understand perspective opportunities. Recommendations The suggested solutions can be regarded as rather strong and relevant, especially the one that implies global collaboration in regards to corruption. A range of surveys initiated by international authorities can explore this case and identify potential threats as well. Speaki
Pricing strategy Pricing strategy is an approach to pricing that every marketer is expected to use in relation to the company’s products. Pricing decisions should be critically approached because they play an important role on consumer demand and the competitiveness of a company’s product (Kotler and Armstrong, 2010, p. 32). Prices should be effectively determined to maintain a good balance between profits and production. In most occasions, pricing strategy has been based on the costs of production (Kotler and Armstrong, 2010, p. 48). Apart from the costs of production, other external and internal factors should also be considered when coming up with a price. As a matter of fact, pricing strategy plays a critical role in product positioning. In addition, it also affects other elements that make up a marketing mix. This means that there are various ways that can be used to determine the price of a given product. Pricing can be either competition based, cost plus, loss leader, market oriented, price leadership, limit, target, absorption, marginal, predatory, price discrimination or psychological pricing (Mohan, 2005, p. 26). A unique thinking cap will therefore apply the best pricing strategy for sustainability. This is because it has a lot of products that need a different approach to pricing. Penetration pricing strategy is mostly used to get a foothol
Introduction The initial wireless networks were developed before the industrialization era. These systems transmitted information using rudimentary signals over a short distance. A highly structured set of signal combination was developed to pass across complex massages. Observations stations were located on higher grounds and along the roads to convey these massages. These early communication networks were substituted originally by telegraph networks and later on by telephones. In the late 19 th century, radio transmission was discovered and radio communication was invented. Radio technology had a very limited capacity and this prompted the development of cellular systems. Therefore, wireless networks have undergone considerable evolution to its current state. Currently, wireless connectivity in use includes, infrared, cellular, and Wi-Fi, and the emerging ones such as 4G and blue tooth. The promise of global wireless networks considerably increases the usefulness of the hand-held internet-capable devices (Goldsmith, 2005, p. 3; Akyildiz& Stuntebeck, 2006, p. 669; Sanchez & Daeyoung, 2008, p. 2). Wireless communication has become the fastest growing sector of the telecommunication industry (Haykin & Moher, 2005, p. 8). As a result, it has captured the attention of the media and the minds of the general public. The use of mobile wireless gadgets like the mobile phones has grown exponentially over the last decade and presently the number of users of these gadgets is estimated to be over 2 billion. As a matter of fact, cellular phones have become part of everyday life and a significant business tool, are swiftly displacing the old wireless systems in many countries. In addition, wireless local area networks at present supplements or substitute wired networks at home, businesses, and learning institution. Numerous new applications, including wireless sensor networks, automated traffic systems, smart homes and machines, and remote telemedicine, are coming out from research ideas to tangible systems (Stallings, 2005, p. 6; Haykin & Moher, 2005, p. 9-10). The volatile growth of wireless systems together with the proliferation of laptop and miniature computers points out a brighter future for wireless networks, both as independent systems and as part of the wider networking infrastructure. However, numerous technological challenges remain in designing vigorous wireless networks that deliver essential to support new applications (Goldsmith, 2005, p. 4; Haykin & Moher, 2005, p. 8). This study aims at exploring the current wireless systems along with the emerging systems and standards. The study will also discuss the wireless vision. The gap between the present and emerging systems and the vision of future wireless applications mean more work must be done to reach there. Vision of Wireless Technology Wireless technology aims at supporting information exchange between people or devices at the present and in the future. The vision targets multimedia communication around the globe using handheld devices or laptops. Wirel