ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
In the ever-growing postindustrial service sector and FSMG market nowadays many influential companies changed their orientations and focus on maintaining their existing customers and improving the quality of their mutual relations. It is proved more expensive to attract and search for new customers than to keep already existing (East et al., 2008). Various techniques are applied to retain existing customers such as price promotion, distribution channels, advertising. Besides this many companies realize different customer loyalty programs in such industries as hotels, banks, airlines, retail fuel, departments stores, supermarkets, etc. One of the main objectives of these customer loyalty programs – to increase profits by increasing sales revenues on the part of the company’s customers and increasing their loyalty. The importance of customer policies and viable procedures is increasingly rising. As cost-efficiency depends on demand which can be now produced by supply and marketing companies are becoming more and more aware of the importance of customer loyalty programs which increasingly become a widespread norm in the majority of industries including retail fuel, supermarkets, banks, airlines industry, etc. Uncles et al. claims that the main purpose of customer loyalty programs is to increase the company’s profits and guarantee customer’s stable adherence to a given product of the firm (Uncles et al. 2003). In terms of the company’s profits ensuring the growth of customer loyalty is one of the most crucial sources of a company’s efficiency. As the findings of Reichheld and Sasser show, that even 5% of loyal customers are maintained by the company, its profits are likely to rise by 100 percent. In addition, it should be emphasized that The Customer Loyalty report in 1997 shows that a supermarket’s most loyal and stable customers are more than 1000 times profitable for it than the least loyal. This situation is quite understandable and provides clear evidence for dealing with customer loyalty as one of the primary directions of marketing policies and development. Consumer loyalty can be defined as the positive attitude of the buyer to this or that product, mark, shop, service, etc. which though is a consequence of significant factors for the buyer, lays more likely in the emotional sphere. It is necessary to understand, that the retail seller cannot affect the degree of loyalty of the consumer to the trademark of the goods. Notwithstanding the fact that exist one customer loyalty, there are various explanations of its nature postulates by many modern scholars. Several definitions may come in handy for understanding the scope and importance of this problem. For instance, Oliver (1997: 392) defines puts forward an interesting definition in which customer loyalty is “A deeply held commitment to rebuy or patronize a preferred product/service consistently in the future, thereby causing repetitive same-brand or same brand-set purchasing despite situational influences and marketing eff
Correlation, on its own, cannot completely account for the relationship between a cause and an effect. It can only explain the observed associations in the attributes or variations involving two variables. In contrast, causation, both in ideographic and nomothetic models, gives a causal explanation for a particular effect. This difference shows that an association does not necessarily mean that there is a cause/effect relationship between variables. Correlation is one criterion for achieving causality, meaning that a variable must cause an effect in another for them to be considered correlated. Thus, a causal relationship always involves a correlation between two variables. Additionally, the cause must come before the effect to make a causal explanation logical. The third condition is that the cause/effect relationship must be non-spurious. This means that one must be able to explain the correlation between the two variables without involving an extraneous factor. One can make causal inferences if the two variables meet the conditions stated above. Assuming I intend to study the causes of poor grades in middle school, I will use ideographic and nomothetic approaches to give a causal explanation for this observation. The ideographic model explains the personal idiosyncrasies and experiences that account for the differences in the respondents’ views while the nomothetic approach explains the general patterns observed in the cases. This will require quantitative data to determine the correlation between the two variables. A positive or negative association between the variables will suggest a causal relationship. For one to make legitimate causal inferences, the cause must be sufficient and necessary. In this view, I will focus on a single ideographic condition, which must occur for a middle school student to perform poorly. Thus, I will need to conduct a case study of a specific middle school to determine the relationships among different variables. The units of analysis that the study will focus on will include middle school students. The ideographic analysis of this group will reveal the ‘sufficient’ cause of poor performance. On the other hand, a nomothetic analysis will allow the researcher to generalize the findings to other contexts.
Introduction Construction firms have many reasons to rejoice if they implement risk management in their construction projects. They can help in the global programme on climate change, promote health for their workers and prevent accidents in construction sites. However, there is strong evidence that this is not what is happening in the UK construction industry. In Britain alone, the construction industry has a poor record of promoting health and safety. Practices of issuing bonuses can be dangerous to workers because they tend ‘to cut corners’. Workers in constructions are also at greater risk than the people in the community of sicknesses like cancer. (Pritchard 172) The United Kingdom has experienced a long period of industrialization. Sites have already been damaged, and there are unstable grounds and the presence of hazardous substances, creating poor working conditions on the present industrial workers. (Institution of Civil Engineers 4) The UK construction industry is one of the most risk-related sectors. Risks are associated with environmental problems as a result of the generated wastes in construction sites. The health and safety of the workers are not properly addressed to. Reports of accidents are among the highest with fatalities ranked the third of all industries. (Pritchard 172) A study on the attitudes of workers in construction sites by Dedobbeleer and German, revealed a remarkable relation between attitudes of employees to safety to attitudes and behaviours of management; this is with respect to on-site or off-site. The researchers concluded that management have a vital role to play in promoting the health of workers in construction sites. The study also found that workers in the construction industry in Britain were perceived unhealthy by the participants who were students. (Pritchard 173) Construction activities produce construction and demolition wastes (C&DW), pollutants from the air, solid waste, and water, and other hazardous material. The construction industry is a major generator of waste, and accounts for 50% of the waste deposited in a typical landfill. (Institution of Civil Engineers 1) The Environmental Agency Online reports that the UK produces waste to around 330 million tonnes annually. Most construction firms follow the ‘find and eradicate’ strategy for risk management; meaning they do not have definite method of risk management. Construction firms first identify risks and then find some effective and efficient methods to reduce the potential for loss. For any construction company, risk identification and risk management are the keys towards successful implementation of any commercial strategic plan. (Thompson & Perry, qtd. in Ahmed, Ahmad, and de Saram 225) Risk management in the UK construction Saied suggests that managing risks involves taking care of the safety and security of individuals or organizations (46). In the UK, ninety percent of demolition waste is recycled, and the UK uses the ‘3Rs’ which is recla
Abstract Both the U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) and the European Central Bank seem to be geared toward a common goal, producing money. However, the tools that the specified institutions have chosen to reach their objectives are quite different. While the Fed relies on its dual policy, the European Central Bank focuses on maintaining inflation rates at a two-percent threshold. Introduction The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) and the European Central Bank have been recognized as some of the largest financial institutions in the world. Producing money to support state governments, organizations have a significant effect on the fiscal policies chosen by the respective states (Eitemann, Stonehill, & Moffett, 2013). Financing the state governments that are at the helm of the specified organizations can be viewed as part and parcel of their routine. In other words, the United States and the countries of the European Union owe their economic and financial wellbeing, as well as the creation of new job opportunities and the associated improvements in the state economy to the respective organizations. Even though the missions of the institutions are very similar, the approaches they choose to meet the set objectives are quite different. The U.S. Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank At first glance, both the U.S. Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank are aimed at the same goal—producing money. However, after closer scrutiny of the institutions, one must admit that the paths chosen by the organizations to attain the identified goals are very different. The U.S. Federal Reserve deploys a dual policy as an essential means of meeting key objectives. Specifically, the organization offers reserve and clearing balances accounts for depository institutions, whereas for governmental agencies, the bank provides the services of a fiscal agent (Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 2016a). The European Bank, in its turn, focuses on reducing the rate of inflation to two percent (European Central Bank, 2016). Furthermore, it is the priority of the institution to maintain the levels of the financial development of the states, as well as their economic growth at a high rate. Consequently, it would be reasonable to assume that the creation of job prospects for the people living in the target countries, as well as a reduction in unemployment rates, should be listed among the top priorities of the organization. A closer look at the framework used by the European Central Bank will show that the organization follows an approach known as the produce-money-and-lend (PML) strategy (Eitemann et al., 2013). The name of the tool is self-explanatory; the organization produces financial assets and lends them to the corresponding fin
Introduction Superior Energy Services is an oil and gas corporation that operates in different countries, backed by its engineering experts that map and devise resolutions for clients. The company has a record of setting up particularized tools and expertise with the purpose of satisfying the requirements of its customers. During the initial times of operation, Superior Energy Services established the application of rigless plugging, in addition to desertion services (Dinger & Schell, 2014). From its establishment in 1980, the company has retained a leading position in numerous developments that profit oil and gas customers and producers. As a consultant in Human Resource consulting firm, Superior Energy Services has hired our firm to carry out a Human Resource Management analysis and give recommendations to improve its alignment of Human Resource practices to the major business projects of the company. Despite its leading position, Superior Energy Services encounters a number of Human Resource Management issues that it requires addressing to ensure that it upholds success and boosts performance. History The remarkable development of Superior Energy Services was attained in a comparatively short period and could be attributed to hard work, tactical possessions, and a concentration on satisfying customer anticipations. Superior Energy Services began its operations in 1980 (Dinger & Schell, 2014). From its inception, Superior Energy Services has developed from 125 workers and 12 million dollars in profits to a publicly traded corporation that has more than 4.5 billion of profits per year and about 14,000 workers across the globe. At around 1995, Superior Energy Services provided a comprehensive inventory of particularized instruments for boring, production, and well workover actions. To fund enhanced development in its operations, the company started an initial public offering (IPO) of stock in mid-1990s. After the IPO, the company developed rapidly through acquisition of over ten small and medium-sized companies in a period of 3 years. Before the end of 1999, the company had combined with Cardinal Services, the market leader in the Gulf of Mexico and the biggest holder and user of liftboats in the area. By around 2005, the marketplace in the Gulf of Mexico was alive with congestion and encountering low product prices. To boost asset exploitation, the company turned global. In 2006, the company extended its onshore activities in Northern America via acquiring of Warrior Energy Services, which made Superior Energy Services the best Northern America production improvement company. In 2008, the expansion of Superior Energy Services intensified with its progression in the offshore market ( Superior Energy Services , 2015). With the constant expansion of the capabilities of Superior Energy Services, its reach similarly expanded and it was ranked position fifteen by FORTUNE Magazine in the list of the highest growing 100 companies. In early 2010, the company declared David Dunlap its new Chief Executive Officer. Strategy The winning
Introduction This paper evaluates the significance of spiritual, magical, and religious beliefs on the psychological and physical health of an individual. The effect of magic, prayer ceremonies, and rituals will be closely investigated. True scientific empirical methods will be used to find out the actual influence of individuals’ personal, as well as societal beliefs in the supernatural substance and its influence over the material universe (Bdolak, 2010). In the recent past, it has been illustrated that prayers are heard and answered. Prayer can refer to the transfer of an individual from one psychological state to the other. A stingier look at the personality traits of the non-physical beings will be investigated. Romberg (2009) argued that an individual could increase the pace of healing their own physical and mental injuries by using their feelings and thoughts. Some of the key themes addressed by this paper include the use of personal subconscious powers to cure and heal, which has been practiced for centuries by peoples from various cultures. Religion has been the fundamental concept in transforming the individual’s state of mind. The other theme covered by this paper is the use of musical sounds, musical instruments, and songs in the search and application of the curing power. It is known that individuals are not to enter into a deep trance and are capable of gaining access to vast resources for their individual bodies and the great power that comes with the supernatural. This paper will closely investigate the shamans and the magical techniques they employ. There are practical techniques used in such ways, as illustrated in Shermers’s works in pseudoscience. The fundamental concept in the use of such power is the energy that an individual possesses. Tribal leaders have been known to make use of natural toxins or substances to obtain these powers of the Tantric state (Shermer, 2002). Problem statement How do religious, spiritual, and magical beliefs contribute to the healing process? Do they have a central role, or are they random and incoherent concepts playing only a symbolic rather than a real medical role? Literature review Magic According to Bdolak (2010), magic is the process of turning, shifting, or twisting nature. She also argued that it is also the process of enhancing life for oneself and all individuals around a person. The universe of the seen and unseen converge when individuals practice healing by magic. This is an astounding gift that all humans innately develop as these are factual arts of nature found within and around individuals. Most individuals do not realize that they possess healing powers that can be used to heal themselves. Human beings tend to devalue themselves and their abilities. For decades, people have been healing themselves by essentially moving energy. As the world progressed into the modern era, some basic but powerful dominion of e
Over the past decades, there has been a steady increase in the workload of employees. In the multi-tasking world of the 21st century, Every person is expected to be some sort of super being who can manage to function on very little to no sleep in order to perform in the global community. Somehow, we have been able to find a way to function in such a manner; combining our work, social, home life, and other duties within a 24-hour time frame. This is well and good for most people and I applaud the people who can do this. However, such accomplishments come at a great price to most people. The price that these people pay? In exchange for using the human body in a manner that we would use say a gym treadmill, our physical health and fitness status suffers a tremendous blow. The human body is like a car that we use every day. It requires daily maintenance and checkups in order to continue serving the purpose that we use it for. By neglecting to keep ourselves physically fit and healthy, we neglect our body maintenance and pay the price once we get sick. As mentioned above, the world now relies on 24 hours of activities in order to keep our lives running. This leads to a stressful condition for the mind and body. Our physical and mental health is directly affected by the stress that exists in our daily lives. Having said that, it is important to note that such constant pressure on the body and mind will create a negative impact on our bodies health-wise. This is why medical professionals suggest daily exercise routines in order to help us find a balance of stress and release in our daily lives. Having acknowledged this problem, we now see an influx of personal fitness-based stress management techniques that transitions the negative effect of stress in our lives into a positive one. This positive effect is achieved by encouraging the body to produce and release endorphins, adrenaline, and dopamine during the exercise process. It has been scientifically proven that these “sense of well-being” chemicals within the body are released during significant amounts of exercise periods. In a way, these chemicals help the mind to relax. Of course, everyone knows that a relaxed mind is a stress-free mind and leads to more effective performance in the workplace. But these chemical reactions do not reach all the way into the physical aspect of our body, the muscles. Therefore, physical exercise, specifically cardiovascular regimens encourages our muscles to relax and release tension. There are also times when people who have irregular sleeping patterns report that exercising
Company Analysis Moonpig.com is a UK-based e-retailer and pioneer in the online greeting cards market. The industry leader with a 60% market share sells personalized cards, gifts, mugs, and t-shirts (Moonpig Group, 2021). In recent years, it has diversified into flowers and augmented reality segments with video cards. Moonpig’s core markets are the UK, Netherlands, US, and Australia. Data from IBISWorld (2020) show that Moonpig’s sales rose by 156%, and app downloads tripled in the April-June 2020 period. Its business comprises two categories: greeting cards and gifts (card-connected and standalone). Moonpig has a large selection of over 10,000 designs for greeting cards, accounting for 56% of its sales revenue (Moonpig Group, 2021). It is a development-driven firm with a strong focus on improving digital experiences through personalization. Recently, Moonpig listed on the London Stock Exchange with an estimated stock value of £1.2 billion (Nazir, 2021). Thus, a strong brand positioning based on personal touch, a digital print technology, and a broad product range is a key growth driver. External Analysis: PESTEL Analysis Political Without a post-Brexit trade deal with the EU, barriers to capital and labor flows are likely to increase. Moonpig’s license to operate in the EU and access to skilled staff will be limited, affecting its marketing, new investments, and R&D activities (Moschieri & Blake, 2019). Raising taxes to cover budget deficits due to the pandemic effects would reduce consumer spending. A depreciating
Introduction This paper will discuss conflict management as discussed by two authors namely; Cahn Dudley and Abigail Ruth in their book ‘Managing Conflict through Communication. These authors have insisted that communication is the best way that individuals should use to settle their disputes. People should not engage in fights or become enemies because of conflicts. There are better ways that can handle conflicts and they will be discussed in this paper. Main body Conflict can be described as the actual opposition of interests and needs. Conflicts can occur between different individuals or within an individual. “The concept of conflict can be used to explain many social aspects of life like fights that occur between people, conflicts of interest and social disagreement.” (Cahn and Abigail, 2010). Conflict can also be used as a reference for wars and revolution in the political arena. When there is a no proper mechanism to resolve the conflict, there is a possibility of the development of stress and tensions within the people involved. When there is a conflict of interest, actions and values, the possibility of conflict is very high. There are several ways that can help to avoid or quell conflict. The first one is accommodation. This means to surrender or forego a person’s needs or his wishes in order to accommodate the needs of the other people. The second way to avoid conflict is avoidance. It is possible for individuals to avoid conflict by ignoring the subject of conflict or by simply changing the topic. Although this is not a permanent measure, it helps individuals to buy time.In circumstances that the conflict is intense, an individual can decide to leave the place or cutting off ties with the conflicting parties. Collaboration is also another effective way of managing a conflict. Individuals can choose to work together towards a solution that will be beneficial to both parties. This is the only situation that both parties emerge as winners. This form of conflict management requires that there be enough communication and trust within the individuals involved. Compromise also helps in conflict management. “This involves reaching an agreement which is the ultimate aim of resolving a conflict.”(Cahn and Abigail, 2010). Another form of conflict management is competition. This involves an individual being assertive and being able to outweigh the ideas of other people. These ideas have helped me in life since I have been able to use some of them to mange my own conflicts. The authors have said that it is good for an individual to learn to compromise his or her own ideas and listen to those of others. I have been able to use this form of conflict management in my life many times. I once entered into an argument with my friends over who would be the leader of our choir group. I really wanted to have this post since I was the one who had formed it. However, my friend wanted the post too. A conflict ensued and our choir group was at the verge of a split. We decided to sit to negotiate the stand off since matters were getting out of