ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Regulatory Agency and Professional Organization Differences Differences between Regulatory Agencies and Professional Organizations In nursing, it is important to know the essence and identify the functions of two important bodies that are regulatory agencies and professional organizations. For a long period, professional organizations and various associations in nursing care have been used as essential bodies to generate the energy of nurses, control the flow of ideas, promote trust and quality, and advocate the needs of all stakeholders (Matthews, 2012). As well as professional organizations, regulatory agencies aim at developing due care standards with the help of which the minimization of harm to patients is possible (Butts & Rich, 2015). Still, there are some functional differences between these two bodies. A regulatory body has to act in the interests of the public and promote the actual process of regulation. In its turn, a professional nursing organization has to act in the interests of the chosen profession and promote practitioners and the representatives of the profession. A Board of Nursing is the example of a regulatory agency with its body of law in the form of the Nursing Practice Act (NPA). Examples of Regulatory Agencies and Professional Organizations In California, there are two important Boards of Nursing including the Board of Vocational Nursing and Psychiatric Technicians and the California Board of Registered Nursing. The American Nurses Association (ANA) with the Code of Ethics is the example of a professional nursing organization that cannot be defined as law but can help to identify the nursing standards of professional behavior and actions. One of the main functions of the Board of Nursing is to publish the codes of conduct. The ANA, as a professional body, has to make sure that all members have access to the regulations, understand the codes, and follow them respecting all representatives of the profession. In general, the core functional differences between the Board of Nursing and the ANA include their relation to the codes, and regulations and the possibilities to represent the interests of different groups of people. A professional nursing organization focuses on the interests of its membership and the establishment of the criteria for performance evaluation, and a regulatory agency concentrate on people and the establishment of the mandates for quality and safety (Washington & Leaver, 2015). ANA Code of Ethics Provisions and Effects of Clinical Provisions on a Nursing Practice Evaluation of Provisions In the ANA Code of Ethics, nine provisions are introduced in the form of non-contextual statements concerning the obligations and rules that have to be followed by all nurses in the United States (American nurses association, 2015). Each provision is the idea that has to be understood by a nurse and accepted as the basis for nursing practice. It is hard to define which provision is more or less important because each of them helps to b
Nonviolence Martin Luther King is a renowned civil rights activist who used a nonviolence approach to achieve social change in America (King 42). King understood the predicament of the black people in America, but also understood the importance of peace for all races. Inspired by Mahatma Gandhi, King resorted to a civil right movement that protested against racial discrimination. The nonviolence approach included boycotts to social amenities and industrial strikes. King is known for his role in the infamous Montgomery bus boycott. Apparently, black people were not allowed to access the front row seats in a bus. This social injustice was a common occurrence in Montgomery, Alabama. A nonviolence boycott of this injustice led to changing of the infamous rules, and black people were able to integrate with the rest of the people in social places. King beseeched his fellow black people to integrate with white people in the pursuit for social justice. King argued that black people success was bound to that of the white people. In fact, the success of nonviolence approach led to enactment of civil and voting rights acts in 1965 and 1964 respectively. Advantages and disadvantages of nonviolence The advantage of using nonviolence is that the approach justifies the moral behavior and philosophy of its proponents. Nonviolence is usually perceived to be an integral aspect of a country’s moral foundation. Nonviolence can be used as a way of life by its proponents as it preserves
Introduction The death penalty is regarded as a capital punishment. The penalty can be executed by use of an injection that contains a concoction of legal drugs, beheading in some states, hanging or the firing squad. In the United States, the main crimes punishable by the death penalty are felony, aggravated murder, contacted killing and murder. The sentence is handed down by a judge, jury, or a plea of guilt (Uelmen and Boscia, 63). The death sentence was exercised in the United States as early as the 17th century. The crimes punishable by death included theft, witchcraft, homosexuality, and hitting one’s parents. During this time, execution was done by hanging in the public followed by the firing squad. The American capital punishment system borrows heavily from the British legal system. The first documented death penalty was of George Kendall who was a captain and was executed by a firing squad in the first decade of the 17th century (Herrmann, 37). George was sentenced for mutiny and spying. By the 18th century, the offenses for capital punishment were limited to murder and treason. Burning of the sentenced and bludgeoning were introduced, but hanging remained prevalent. By the 19th century, juries began to advise against execution in many states with Michigan being the first to put a stop to it in 1846. The burning and bludgeoning also ended at around this time. Burning and bludgeoning were replaced by electrocution with the ancient hanging and firing still being dominant. It was during the 1930s that there was rampant executions. In the period between 1950 and 1970, there were unanimous sentiments about abolishing the death penalty. It was abolished for some time only to be reinstated in 1976. However, sixteen of the states abolished it while those that practice it do so minimally and for charges of treason and murder (Singh, 33). The trend of the death penalty has been decreasing over time. Notably, “death sentences reached a record low of 78 in 2011” (Kim, para 1). A debate about whether or not capital punishment should continue to be used in the United States is based on three grounds: cost, retribution and fairness. The debate on death penalty Whether the death penalty is cost effective or not continues to be widely controversial. Those that are against the death sentence argue that
Introduction Any organization has various resources to use in achieving its objectives, technology is one of them and others include financial and human resources. Therefore the organization must consider managing technology to be one of its basic functions, whereby it develops technology strategy just as it does for other functions of marketing, finance and human resources. s a result the organization will be able to determine; the unique technological competences as well as capabilities that it needs to attain and maintain competitive advantage. It will also be able to determine the technologies it can use to put in to operation the core design concepts and the levels of investment to put in technology. Analyzing the evolution & the reasons for Corning’s technology strategy from 1850 to the late 1960’ Through the period of 1950s to 1960s Coning Inc stuck to its founder’s product concept of majoring in glass making, where it developed its technological competence and capability. By 1874 the company was already acknowledged as a producer in first quality glass, where it was producing signal glass for rail roads. In 1908 introduced a heat-resistant glass known as Nonex, in 1929 ventured in casting of giant mirrors which are used in telescopes. In 1938, embarked on fiber glass that it had left in 1920s, where it incorporated a company to effectively exploit the area. In 1947 opened a separate facility where it made TV bulbs and cathode ray tubes. In 1957, advanced in the technology of high-resistant heat glass where it introduced a line of cookware. The company’s strategy was based on innovation and pioneering in development of new technology. This was achieved through investing in long-term research that sometimes paid off, after many years or decades. A case in point is when it introduced a specialized research lab in 1904 and employed a full-time researcher. This paid off four years later by the introduction of a revolutionary type of glass that is heat resistant. Another success of research was the introduction of the revolutionary “ribbon machine” in 1926, which improved the company’s processes. On resuming research in fiber glass in 1934, sales increased from $3.7M in 1939 to $56.2M in 1944. Between 1954 and 1961 the company invested millions of dollars in color TV bulb technology and when the sales took off the company was the major supplier making sales of up to 2.7million units by 1965. The company used internal sourcing that helped it to develop sustaining technologies to continue with what it could do best- strategic action. In addition its internal R&D department was capable of assimilating external information that it used to advance its quality. For example in 1965 the company made major advances in developing the technology of heat-resistant glass whereby it came up with corning ware. This was a line of cookware that was used on stove tops. This also was a major pay-off as the company made sales worth $15million of corning ware in 1959 and $25million in 1960. The company also had a large technological depth strategy whereby it had a range of technological
Introduction The dependent variable for this study is the psychological well-being of a person while the independent variable is the generosity exercise. A t-test will be implemented to see if there are statistically significant differences in the means of control and intervention groups. The higher t-value will confirm the hypothesis that generosity does contribute to the improvement of personal well-being. Additionally, based on the T-test we will be able to determine the p-value. P-value is crucial for this study since it enables us to assess the statistical significance of the study. If the value of P will not exceed 0.05, we will reject the null hypothesis and assume that there is a significant relationship between these variables. Once a statistically significant difference is established an analysis of the variance (ANOVA) will be performed. This method will allow us to see the causes of variance not only between but also within the groups. By employing this model one can understand what other factors, apart from generosity, can affect the well-being of a person. In this case, we can speak about such factors as age, gender, income level, education, etc. The results of ANOVA will show which of these factors has the strongest effect on the dependent variable. Procedure The researcher will obtain written approval from the clinic’s President and the Southeastern University’s Internal review board before the start of data collection. The researcher will be assigned certain days to enlist participants from the mental health clinic. The researcher will provide a journal exercise packet and survey tool to all participants. The participants must complete all 5 weeks to ensure accurate data. Once the participants complete the 5-week exercise they will be debriefed. Generosity Condition Participants in the generosity group will be provided the following instruction: Generosity can help you live a more fulfilled life. Many people find satisfaction by being generous to others. Being generous to ourselves enables us to give others—partners, family, friends, or even strangers. With these exercises, we offer some activities for being generous (giving) to self and others. Each week you will be generous to a specific person or persons by giving your time, caring, love, talent, strength, support, or money freely without expecting of return. We provide some examples but please use your creativity to find the best generous acts that seem fit. You may perform as many generous actions as you would like/can but a minimum of two actions each week is encouraged. Please write down the generous acts you have done each week on the attached sheet. Week 1: be generous to yourself Most of the time you are doing things for others but this week, you will be generous to yourself. Doing something special for yourself is a good
Kliatchko (2008) asserts that the primary objective of Integrated Marketing Communications, IMC’s is “for the target audiences to receive and form in their minds a unified and integrated message” and that “if this desired goal is achieved, then integration, at this stage, may be said to be effective.” From a traditional point of view, marketing is considered to be synonymous with sales. In this case, traditionists equate effective marketing with making huge sales. However, marketing as a discipline has evolved tremendously for the last 30 years. Currently, there are distinct differences between the two terms; marketing is treated as a distinct discipline from sales. ‘Sales’, on the other hand is considered to be one a constituent of marketing. Ultimately, marketing has increasingly become vital not only for the growth of business but also its sustainability. As a result of this, several concepts in marketing such as ‘Integrated Marketing Communication’ have been developed and are thought to play key role in ensuring success of businesses in an increasingly competitive business environment (Laric and Lynagh 2010). The purpose of this essay is to evaluate Kliatchko (2008) assertions mentioned earlier in this essay. To put Kliatchko’s (2008) assertions in perspective, it is imperative to first highlight a few definitions of the term Integrated Marketing Communication, and evaluate the definitions Vis a Vis Kliatchko’s (2008) assertions. According to Clow and Baack (2007), Integrated Marketing Communication is the “coordination and integration of all marketing communication tools, avenues, functions and sources within an organization, into a seamless program that maximizes the impact on consumers and other end users at a minimal cost”. In Clow and Baack’s (2007) perspective, IMCs are aimed at integrating all the functions of marketing such as sales, advertising and PR into a single marketing program that makes communication with the customer more effective. Clow and Baack (2007) views IMCs from a structural point of view, and assert that IMCs are designed to benefit both the marketers and consumers. Nevertheless, in Clow and Baack’s (2007) definition, the effectiveness of IMCs in making marketing communication more effective to the consumer is not lost. Green (2006) adopts a holistic approach to Integrated Marketing Communication, and asserts that IMCs constitute an assortment of communication methods, “whereby diverse media and messages become integrated, stressing on one-on-one communication” with the consumer. As such, Green (2006), like Kliatchko (2008), sees IMC as customer-centered. Green (2006) further asserts that IMC capitalizes on marketing to individual consumers, and therefore ought to appeal to the consumer’s values, behaviors, interests, perceptions, practices and attitudes. As such Green (2006) sees IMCs as important to effective communication with consumers
In order to ensure that the participation of employees in the wellness program is maintained, use shall be made of participative leadership style. This is because this form of leadership style is known to bring harmony in a team (Dubrin 2011, 466). Not only is it a motivator to the participants, but it also enhances personal relationships. Participative leadership manifests the caring nature of others. This particular leadership style is especially suitable in when the commitment of other individuals is crucial. In a wellness program, the idea is to ensure that all the individual members of the team realize their goal of improving health and wellbeing. Inasmuch as one would want to ensure that the program goes on well, nonetheless, it is also important to ensure that a conflict does not arise. At the same time, the team leader needs to somewhat play an active role in making important decisions that affects members of his team. A participative leader shuns autocratic decisions and instead ensures that the rest of the team is actively involved in the activity at hand. Decisions of the wellness program are arrived at jointly by the team leader and the rest of the members. One of the techniques for motivating employees in a wellness program involves encouraging team building. Consequently, it becomes easier to enhance positive attitudes amongst the workforce. For example, when members of a wellness program take part in such a joint activity as jogging or walking to work, they are can also encourage one another and in the process, it becomes easier for individuals within the team to realize their objectives, as opposed to when they are alone. There are also a number of incentives that would be valuable in motivating employees to take part in the wellness program: Wellness dollars: participants in the different wellness activities can be awarded wellness dollars that they can in turn use to purchase workout clothing or health-related products in health stores. Contests: contests can be used as a form of motivating employees to participate in a wellness program. Some of the competitions that could be included in the contest include a jogging challenge. Members who successfully complete the challenge can then participate in a draw that would make them members of a health club. Achievement awards: offering an employee a certificate of participation in a wellness program and realizing his/her health-related goal is also a very powerful motivation technique. Time off: employees who performs exceptionally well in a given wellness program can also be given a day off for accomplishing the set goal. In order to monitor the progress of the team activity, use shall be made of a journal entry whereby members taking part in a group activity record their attendance, and the time that they took to complete such an activity. This way, it becomes easier to tell the track the progress made by individual members of a team. A member who is deteriorating in his/her performance can also be assisted by the rest of the members to get back on track. A roll call of the team members shall also be taken when members commence a given task, and a follow
Introduction Food is the intake of substances required for humans and animals to stay alive. It is eaten in two ways, cooked or uncooked. Nutrition is the process by which nutrients are taken inside the body. It is essential for maintaining the body. Diets are different kinds of food taken in by the human and animal body. It is also different eating habits like less consumption to reduce weight. Food Group              Composition                                                                      Example-1       Example-2                              Mainly carbohydrates, proteins,                                                                                 Cereals                 fats, minerals, vitamins and                                                     Oats            Whole cereals                          fibre.                                                                                                          Meat, poultry and fish  fats, proteins, minerals, and vitamins                                           Meat            Fish           Dairy products          Proteins, vitamins, minerals and                                                 Cheese          Ghee                                   fats                                                                                                            Eggs                    Proteins, minerlals, vitamins and                                                                                                       fats                                                                                                            Legumes                 Proteins, vitamins and minerals                                                  Peas            Black gram     Root vegetables         Carbohydrates, proteins                                                          Tapioca         Sweet potatoes Leafy vegetables        Carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, Vitamins, fibres, some fat and antioxidants.  Spinach         Cabbage        Fruits                  Vitamins, minerals, sugars, starch and antioxidants.                             Mango           Apple          Oil seeds               Fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals                                            Sunflowerseeds  Peanuts         Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are a class of chemical compound made up of a backbone of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms and are a main source of energy. The main aim is to have the appropriate intake of these essential nutrients. It also comprises fibre, a major nutritious factor, which plays a major role in the human body. Excess usage of carbohydrates poses serious problems, if we use more than the energy we require. The ration stands at: 1 gram of carbohydrates = 4 calories of energy. Carbohydrates exist in nature in two forms: Sugar and Starch. Rice, nuts, potatoes, bread, cereal and biscuits are rich sources
Introduction Knowing what other people go through in life is easy, because it is matter of listening, reading, watch and sometime witnessing their experiences. Although experiencing other people’s feelings is almost impossible, one can learn and understand what others are going through by trying to ‘walk in their shoes.’ There are so many activities that can bring out this feeling in one, regardless of whether you have certain special abilities or not. For instance, trying to understand how it feels to be older becomes a reality gradually one grows older, or to understand how it feels like to be a father, mother, husband, or a wife can only become real when one bears the responsibilities associated with each. The same case applies to experiencing what individuals who are disabled, for example blind feel. Although states like being blind, homeless, insane, or poor may never happen to many individuals, it is good to understand how individuals in this state feel, in order to be able to associate and treat them with respect. This essay will discuss ways in which one can learn and understand how it feels to be blind. How It Feels to Be Blind The main purpose of walking in someone else’s shoes is building empathy. It should be noted that building empathy depends on the different situations and experiences of the persons who you want to share their experiences. When an individual is blind, such an individual naturally feel a sense of detachment, curiosity, frustration and skepticism, because of the discomforts and challenges, which are associated with their situation. Hence, to be able to experience what these individuals to, it is important to have a sense of involvement and empathy. For example to experience the psychological state of being blind, individuals should try to close their eyes and assume they are blind. After assuming this, they should try to do thing as if they are blind, as this is one of the ways of experiencing the kind of difficulties that blind individuals go through as they try to execute their daily duties. Through this, many can realize that, they have no clues of so many things, more so the intangible ones that need the sense of sight. For instance, explaining to a blind person about different colors and how the sun looks like is very hard. As research studies show, most blind people have visionary experiences when they are awake and asleep, but they do not leave any reference point of perceiving them – there cannot say it looks like something. Hence, for them, they do not know whet