ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Verbal and visual communication abilities, skills, and techniques are highly important in the media because they determine how the presented material will be perceived and interpreted by the readers. This paper offers an overview of different articles from seven sources. HAARETZ The article titled “Abbas: Ready to Meet Netanyahu under Trump’s Patronage in Washington” found on HAARETZ has a clear title and contains a large image depicting the meeting of Abbas (the president of Palestine) and Greenblatt (peace process envoy from the US) (Ravid et al.). The title communicates the position of Abbas about an audience with Netanyahu; further, in the article, the important statements are highlighted for the readers’ convenience and clarity. Overall, the text is comprehensive and the facts are presented objectively. Alice Walker Blog Right after the article title “Blessed Unhingedness and the Struggle to Free Palestine”, Walker added a picture of Martin Luther King writing something at his home. The article begins with the reference to Martin Luther King’s Letter from Birmingham Jail as Walker reviews a piece of writing by another author promoting peace and equality (Walker). The main subject is the relationship between Israel and Palestine. The author uses to appeal to emotion making her text descriptive and filled with feelings and sentiment. In addition to heart-felt emotions, the author refers to many historic situations supporting her argument and validating her position. RAWA “RAWA Commemorates the 29th Martyrdom Anniversary of Meena in Kabul” is the article whose title is very telling of its contents. It is supported with a banner image. Further, a brief and concise description of the event is followed by several pictures demonstrating some of its significant moments that are accompanied by elaborations on what is depicted. The article is documentation of an event serving to inform the public about its significance and meaning and paying respect to the content of the event in a culturally-sensitive manner. Qatar Digital Library The article titled “Robots, Musicians and Monsters: The World’s Most Fantastic Clocks” presents an explorative and educational piece of writing with multiple illustrations of the discussed objects (Hallum). The text is divided into many subtopics and supported the descriptions of clock mechanisms with dates to add reliability to the communicated information. Alexandria Library The article “Arab Culture: Fundamentals of an Uncertain Future” Conference Inauguration” is another documentation of an event; it contains a small
Rethinking the historical events is one of those tasks that inevitably bring people to realizing their past mistakes and drawing experiences so that these mistakes would not be made further on in the future. On Conrad’ Heart of Darkness, the lead character, Marlow, at first considers the reasons behind the Europeans who were heading to the wilderness of Central Africa as “civilized” and rather noble; however, further on, Marlow becomes disappointed about these reasons. After re-evaluating the ambitions of the people exploring the African continent in such an impudent manner, Marlow realizes that the true reasons behind the Europeans’ travel were far more egotistic than he could ever imagine. Indeed, the goals of the people, heading for the terra incognita of the distant and savage lands are not quite clear; wisely enough, Conrad does not disclose the aims of the travelers from the very first page – eh only hints at the possible aims which the travelers might pursue: “But these chaps were not much account, really.
Asking the question of what critical thinking is, if not referring to scholarly literature, the answers will be sufficiently diverse. Finding common sense, objective judgment, logical connection, and the ability to abandon own assumptions are a few of the typical answers that might be received for such questions. Although the definitions might vary, the previous answers are partly correct, while all of them mostly acknowledge two important aspects, i.e. the existence of certain skills and abilities, and the disposition to use them in a thoughtful manner. (Sternberg, Roediger and Halpern 5). The importance of such a subject can be related to that in this era, where people have access to an excessive amount of information and the decisions made either personal or as members of society have a particular weight affecting the future generations. In that regard, it can be said that the ability to think critically is an important requirement. Accordingly, this paper analyzes the concept of critical thinking in terms of the skills, techniques, practices as well as common obstacles that usually hinder people from being critical thinkers. Critical Thinking Overview As previously stated, the definition of critical thinking might differ in its terminology, but nevertheless, it is consistent in its contest. In that regard, a definition that covers all the concepts of critical thinking might be considered as follows: Critical thinking is the use of those cognitive skills or strategies that increase the probability of a desirable outcome. It is used to describe thinking that is purposeful, reasoned, and well directed – the kind of thinking involved in solving problems, formulating inferences, calculating likelihoods, and making decisions, when the thinker is using skills that are thoughtful and effective for the particular context and type of thinking task. (Sternberg, Roediger and Halpern 6) . A good method proposed in identifying the skills and the strategies mentioned above is taking an example of a particular role model. In that case, examples of people who were commonly known as good critical thinkers will have several mutual aspects that distinguish them from the others. Basically, it is “a list of mental abilities and attitudes or habits, [which] the experts, when faced with the same problem… refer to their lists as including cognitive skills and dispositions.” (Facione 4). The Characteristics The characteristics that are common to critical thinkers differ in their statements and priorities, but they are equally important. One set of characteristics discussed in the class’ workshop include the following:   * Open-Mindedness – The ability to listen to other’s arguments.   * Healthy Skepticism – The ability to criticize and question other’s arguments when relying on proofs and facts.   * Intellectual Humility – The ability to change own mind when being logically convinced.   * Free Thinking – The ability to eliminate presumptions and stereotypes when fo
In this paper, the operations strategy (OS) of Gloucestershire Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust is studied. As a healthcare professional, I am familiar with the settings, and the NHS trusts are large public companies that publish their business plans. Therefore, these plans can be used without disclosing any confidential information, and the analysis is of relevance to my experience. OS Design Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS [GHNHS] (2015, pp. 9, 13) trust explicitly states that its OS is based on the currently active strategic plan, which is continuously adjusted to the socioeconomic context of Gloucestershire and England. Moreover, the strategy is designed to correspond to the values, mission, and vision of the trust. The values of GHNHS (2015, p. 5) are patient-centric. Thus, it appears that GHNHS (2015) works to make its operations management (OM) strategically aligned (Bamford & Forrester 2010). OS Implementation GHNHS (2015, p. 13) tends to implement its strategies with the help of programs. Within the programs, GHNHS (2015) uses a variety of tools, including rules and guidelines, staff training and management, managerial activities, and others. Also, GHNHS (2015, p. 14) has the Gloucestershire Safety & Quality Improvement Academy that provides continuous training. Moreover, monitoring programs are used to check out the implementation of the strategy (GHNHS 2015, p. 13), which is essential for successful operation (Bamford & Forrester 2010). OM Scope A major part of GHNHS (2015) OM is healthcare service, which includes the quality of care, the safety of patients, and patient experience. Also, GHNHS (2015) mentions its financial, managerial, supply, and IT operations. Finally, human resource operations (especially education) are of greatest importance to GHNHS (2015, p. 14). CSFs and CCs Critical success factors can be defined as the necessary requirements for a company’s success while core competencies are the skills, resources, and their combinations that ensure competitive advantage of a company (Duarte, Goodson & Dougherty 2013). The CSFs of GHNHS (2015) include high-quality care, patient safety, NHS trust reputation, and the national public coverage. The primary CC of GHNHS (2015) is its skilled workforce; also, the trust is dedicated to IT adoption, which has already become its CC due to its “Smartcare” program. It is apparent that the OS of the trust takes its CSFs and CCs into account. Meeting the Needs of Customers Patients are central to the majority of GHNHS (2015, p. 5) activities, and its programs are typically aimed at the continuous improvement of patient safety and experience. This focus on customers is a wise strategy (Goodson 2002; Lewis & Brown 2012). Also, GHNHS (2015) investigates the environment to meet the needs of customers. Competitiveness As a part of NHS, GH has a noticeable competitive advantage. It is funded by taxation, and it has earned a positive reputation (GHNHS, 2015). However, the healthcare se
Introduction Despite representing a large portion of the U.S. population, children of incarcerated parents are often overlooked in the general community’s understanding of their needs. While the incarceration effects on these children are not universal, many of them would benefit from proper community support (Austin, 2013). The sources of their hardships extend to social, economic, and emotional levels, and it is up to the community to recognize that and affect change by advocating for appropriate programs, policies, and practices. Main body To support the children of incarcerated parents on a social level, people need to advocate raising standards in the criminal justice system. Police conduct and arrest protocols need to account for the psychological trauma experienced by a child witnessing their parent’s arrest (Austin, 2013). Moreover, a proper caregiving arrangement for a child needs to be implemented in the event of incarceration. It is equally important to provide parents with in-prison vocational and educational programs and substance abuse treatments to ensure their rehabilitation. One such program, Parenting from Prison, emphasizes reuniting with children after incarceration and aims to strengthen family relationships, ensuring children’s mental well-being (Turney & Goodsell, 2018). Protecting the children from the financial instability resulting from the loss of an incarcerated parent’s income requires compensation for their caregivers and raising awareness about the public services available. Options such as TANF, food stamps, and Medicaid can significantly contribute to the children’s sense of economic security (Austin, 2013). Another option is Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), which is reported to positively affect a child’s education and sense of stability (Turney & Goodsell, 2018). Finally, it is essential to support the children of prisoners on an emotional level. The general community needs to understand that parental incarceration has a traumatic
Physical capital refers to machinery, buildings, equipment and other tangible facilities used in the transformation processes. Production process utilizes inputs and converts them into outputs. Ideally, physical capital cannot convert inputs into outputs without additional supporting factors of production. Economically as noted by Gwartney et al., production process entails conversion of inputs such as labor, capital and raw materials into valuable products (54). According to Anon, physical capital is subjected to non-economic version of measurement (3). Essentially, the optimal point of physical capital is production of goods and services. Studies indicate that United States’ long run economic growth is largely contributed by the human capital, technology and the physical capital. Industries in the contemporary production depend on physical capital and technologies to increase production. Construction industry is one of key development initiatives that physical capital through machinery and technologies has impacted. Through research, economic application of the physical capital to the production processes in most vital industries provide a conclusion as to why some states are richer than others, and the significant sources of economic development (Anon, 5). Ruiz Construction Company is an example of a real company where physical capital has dominated the production process. Ruiz Construction Company Ruiz Construction Company is a family owned company and a recognized corporation of producing high quality services and products. It is a general building construction and has wide experience and expertise in engineering related works as well as estate development. The company specializes in structural construction, repairs, tunnel construction, installation of infrastructure, and general estate building. Investment in an economy is essentially the process of creating a free market system. Typically, investment can indicate the level of current capital stock, and capital stock in future. Construction companies result to physical development of the real estates in the United States. Modern construction companies are investing in physical capital since it is efficient and an effective way of producing quality products. Traditional methods of construction were labor intensive. Present technologies and innovativeness have encouraged utilization of physical capital resources in production (Anon, 10). The corporation growth is accelerated by the investment in technology and capital goods. A large percentage of corporation activities are capital intensive yielding to its efficiency and quality of products. Usually, aggregate inputs are subjected to capital intensity production process. Interestingly, the construction industry in United States is growing h
Major cultural and ethnic groups represented in my community are Mexican, Hispanics, Latinos, Asian Americans, and other smaller populations. There is a great diversity of ethnic and racial groups that comprise the neighborhood and sites across the area. Looking at these groups, I decided to choose Mexican immigrants to investigate their health issues and how these are addressed. While Mexicans are the biggest group of immigrants in the United States, they have the lowest naturalization rate in the country (Budiman, 2020). According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Minority Health (2019), Mexican Americans have the leading heart disease rates, cancer, diabetes, and unintentional injuries (accidents). Among other health issues is obesity which has more than 40% of the Mexican population, and causes health deterioration (National Center for Health Statistics, 2021). Considering heart disease as one of the leading causes of mortality among Mexican Americans, this issue is not addressed comprehensively and specifically, according to researchers. Among existing interventions, there is the Promotores de Salud program that involves community health workers, speaking Spanish, who educate Mexican and Hispanic communities on heart-related problems and solutions, which proved to have a positive impact on heart disease prevention and management (Soto Mas, 2018). Some unique programs address the cancer disease, such as a cervical cancer prevention education campaign that is effective and is created for Mexican Americans specifically (Moore-Monroy, 2013). Overall, it should be stated that, still, researchers claim that Mexican American immigrants lack tailor-made interventions that would consider the background and cultural peculiarities of this group. Therefore, prioritizing the Mexican population’s unique health programs is a crucial action that authorities should take to improve the nation’s health status and well-being.
Free trade is built on the principle of competition, which forces most industries to develop new ways to attract buyers and generate profits. However, the pharmaceutical industry should be the exception to this rule as people always need medicines, and their costs can impede treatment. The pharmaceutical industry is difficult to perceive as ethical as its pricing policy, medication approval, and promotion methods can often harm consumers. The pharmaceutical industry has a duty to protect consumers, but it traps them. First, the prices of most medicines, especially in the US, are too high for most people due to patent law, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality (Thomas, 2017). For example, insulin, which is necessary for people with diabetes, costs several times more in the US than in Canada. Second, companies often do not disclose information about drug testing results and may hide details, which in some cases can lead to dangerous health consequences (Thomas, 2017). Finally, pharmaceutical companies often use a gift-giving approach to stimulate healthcare professionals to offer patients particular medication and increase sales (Marmat et al., 2020). Thus, the buyers are practically powerless because they are forced to buy prescribed medication, the cost of which they cannot influence and which can potentially harm their health. However, companies cannot cater to their interests and the interests of consumers. First, the operating costs make it unprofitable for companies to abandon the medicine, even if it has significant side effects as it would cause them losses. Second, government incentives provide them with a monopoly, which dictates high prices (Thomas, 2017). Third, market competition and high operational costs force companies to use unethical promotion methods to make a profit. Consequently, companies will be able to change their approach only after changing the government system affecting trade in the industry. In conclusion, consumers’ bias towards the pharmaceutical industry is fair as companies virtually deprive them of their choice and the ability to influence products. At the same time, pharmaceutical companies are active in this way because of policies that create disadvantageous conditions to promote customers’ interests. Consequently, consumers have reasons to perceive pharmaceutical companies negatively, even if their actions are dependent mainly on external conditions.
Introduction Gender inter-sectionality refers to the inter-play within social categories and power. It mainly focuses on differences such as class, sexuality, race and age. Inter-sectionality has brought out factors such as in-equality, racism, sexism and many others. These include categories such as gender, race, class and ability (Nestle, Riki and Howell 89). Gender diversity refers to the various sociological concepts of structure, culture and self-identity of people in the society. It entails understanding gender and sexuality and how they are dealt with in life (Jackson s). Some of the issues and concepts of the aspect of gender diversity include social change, social identities, modern trends social divisions and social conflicts that have resulted from the differences. Gender inter-sectionality in sexuality In April 2005, there was a demonstration in support of the passage of the gay rights bill through state legislature of Maine, USA. In the balcony present were approximately 50 gay rights activists. In comparison to these gay supporters who gathered for the meeting, there were four of five times more people who demonstrated them and rejected their proposed bill. Those who were opposed to this bill were mainly the religious and Christ
Introduction This paper explores the relationship between the built environment and community health outcomes. It explores how homeownership, community sidewalks, and clean parks improve health outcomes in different communities. Similarly, using a case-study approach of the Tennessee community, this paper shows that age and income levels are important social factors that could improve the relationship between the built environment and community health. How the Information presented in the Video relates to Health and Well-being Adelman (2008) says that “place” influence public health outcomes because “place factors” affect people’s mental health through exposures to harmful, or beneficial, environmental factors. In the same spectrum of analysis, Adelman (2008) says “place” affects community well-being because it determines whether a person gains access to healthy foods, or lives a longer life by avoiding violence. How Physical features of Tennessee Affect Health Outcomes As shown above, the built environment affects people’s health outcomes in different ways. In Tennessee, the built environment has a positive effect on community health because its sidewalks and crosswalks encourage people to walk and remain active. How Affordable, Quality, and Safe Housing Conditions Promote Health Dunn, Hayes, Hulchanski, Hwang, and Potvin (2006) say housing affects people’s health outcomes. Adelman (2008) supports this assertion by saying the lack of affordable, or safe housing, creates fear and stress, which affect human health. For example, Adelman (2008) interviewed one Asian couple that attempted to leave their low-income neighborhood, for a better one, but had to come back, 11 months later, because they were unable to pay their bills. This fact stressed them, thereby increasing their vulnerability to health complications. Overall, access to quality and safe housing improves health outcomes. How Home Ownership Affects Health Conditions in Tennessee Home ownership has a direct effect on health outcomes in Tennessee because it influences community health outcomes through positive health trade-offs. For example, it affects people’s access to healthcare and emergency services. Gaining access to prescription medication also depends on home ownership. Physical Features That Can Have a Positive and Negative Impact on Health Outcomes Healthy food outlets and clean parks are examples of physical features that could have a positive, or negative, effect on a community’s health. Adelman (2008) explored this fact when he analyzed two neighborhoods in West Seattle. He said clean parks encouraged people to leave the house and be more active. Access to healthy food outlets also improves community health outcomes in the same manner (Lovasi, Neckerman, Quinn, Weiss, & Rundle, 2009). For example, if neighborhoods lack such facilities, and, instead, have fast food outlets, people are bound to buy “junk foods,” and increase their vulnerability to health conditions, such as obesity (Berke, Koepsell, Moudon, Hoskins, and Larson, 2007). Overall, healthy food outlets and clean parks affect community health. Use
The landscape consciousness of the America of the 19th century was distinguished by the desire to contemplate nature in its totality. People admired not individual elements, for example, a lake, a tree, or a mountain but a holistic picture. Those views on the beauty that were promoted at that time were based on simpler aesthetic principles. As a result, elementarism inherent in the objects of art became a characteristic feature of many works where authors deliberately combined different colors and did not focus on individual composite components. This approach changed over time, but for the 19th century, details were not typical.