ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction: Tying in the Loose Ends of the Legend The story of Gilgamesh is one of the best examples of glorifying the memory of a real person to the point where it has nothing to do with real life. However, despite its unrealistic details and it’s being an obvious attempt at re-writing the history, The Epic of Gilgamesh is worth taking a look at, mostly due to the striking resemblance that it bears to another significant contribution to deciphering the portrayal of the ancient world, the Bible and the Ancient Greek mythology. Connecting the Story to the Bible: Where the Narrations Cross Being listed among the earliest specimen of the ancient literature, The epic of Gilgamesh bears a certain resemblance to another ancient book, which is the Hebrew Bible. While the two books were written in completely different epochs by completely different nations and for completely different reasons, they still share a considerable range of details. The afterlife: welcome to Tilmun The concept of the hereafter is developed in a very detailed manner in the epic due to the specifics of the plot. While the author of the narration uses completely different names to denote the idea of good and evil, the concepts remain the same as the Bible explains them. What is called Eden in the Old Testament becomes Tilmun, or Mount Mashu, in Gilgamesh , yet the concept of the mysterious hereafter remains similar to the Biblical one ( The epic of Gilgamesh , n. d.). The Flood and t
Customer Value The company produces Lipitor which when compared to other medicines, has the power to lower the level of cholesterol in the body. The firm sells Lipitor at comparatively lower prices compared to other drugs of the same category. Lipitor is also a prescription for reducing the level of triglycerides in the body, this makes it ideal drug to be used by a range of patients. The drug also contributes to lowering the mortality rate linked to heart diseases. The use of the drug is not as complicated as other statin; it gives physicians easy time with their patients since the prescription involved in administering Lipitor is easy and readily understood (Leafstedt et al 356-369). Implementation The firm needs the approval of FDA in order to start carrying out the normal sales of Lipitor to the medical industry. The firm had to carry out clinical trials through the marketers on every person to establish the level of relevance of other drugs already in the market. This was designed so as to enable the firm to show the customers that their product was superior compared to others. The firm established a research organization which was to operate under the modern pharmaceutical development providing a strong base for future expansion. It works with an experienced management team and at times hires talents to provide the required knowledge. The processes of regulations and clinical research were incorporated to form part of research and development; this assisted in improving the results submitted to FDA (Leafstedt et al 356-369). The firm’s markete
Introduction Macroeconomic indicators are very crucial in the progress of a particular country. The crucial nature of the indicators emanates from their focus, which entails the country’s economy. Interest rates, gross domestic product (GDP), balance of payment, employment rates, and fiscal policies are among the key macroeconomic indicators that influence the performance of a given country. Fundamentally, interest rates relate to the level of interest that the country imposes on its citizens as well as goods that investors and businesspeople import. Interest also encloses levies that other countries charge on imports from the respective country. As such, interest rates play a momentous role in the economy of a country. On the other hand, gross domestic product is an indicator that concerns the purchasing power and buying abilities of citizens living in a given country. It is imperative to explain that poor purchasing power and low ownership of property demonstrates a low economic state of a nation. Balance of payment represents management of debts and other forms of payment that a country receives from lenders. Furthermore, employment rates indicate the number of individuals employed directly, indirectly, or as self-employed in various public and private enterprises. Fiscal and monetary policies are roles that the government and the central bank can undertake in an attempt to minimize the expenditure and maximize the level of returns. Therefore, the purpose of this report is to identify and analyze macroeconomic indicators and their impact on the economy of Greece. Research Methodology To effectively identify and analyze macroeconomic indicators and their impact on the economy of Greece, the report undertook a research and collected information using a range of primary and secondary sources. The research sampled 150 respondents out of which 50 were females and 100 comprised of male respondents. In addition, the report used closed and open-ended questionnaires and interviews on the respondents. For efficient data collection and analysis, the questionnaires developed questions, which were simple, easy to understand, and answer. Moreover, the questions focused on the macroeconomic indicators and their effectiveness on the economy of Greece. The respondents had the liberty to answer the questions according to their perspectives, and as such, the amount of data collected was substantial and realistic. Consequently, closed questionnaire
The operationalization of variables is a fundamental step in any research process. This step entails the development of procedures that will result in the required measurements of dependent and independent variables. Extraneous and moderating variables must also be operationalized. According to Babbie & Mouton (2001), the operationalization of variables generally entails the construction of definite, tangible measurement procedures that will inarguably represent the concepts of interest. The sample study has three dependent variables – turnover, morale, and job satisfaction – and several independent variables. According to the hypothesis and research questions, service satisfaction and the desire to quit service forms the dependent variables, while payment levels and tenure conditions form the independent variables. The above variables can be measured by nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio measures. Nominal measures are good at reflecting the categories of soldiers in relation to marital status – married or single. Ordinal measures will greatly assist in operationalizing variables such as service satisfaction and tenure conditions as these particular measures are able to logically rank the desired attributes. For instance, you can use an ordinal measure of ‘very satisfied, fairly satisfied, neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, fairly dissatisfied, and very dissatisfied’ to rank the service satisfaction levels and tenure conditions. Interval measures can be effective in operationalizing variables such as payment levels and desire to quit service as they attach a meaning on the intervals between various attributes of interest. For instance, a soldier who receives less pay package as reflected on the interval measure is more likely to leave service than one who receives more pay. Lastly, ratio measures can be used to quantitatively study disparities between attributes as it bears a true zero point (Babbie & Mouton, 2001). In this study, demographic variables such as age, marital status, gender, level of education, family size if married, base locations and current pay package must be measured as they directly relate to the variables under study. These demographic variables are fundamental in segmenting the reasons that soldiers consider most when making important decisions such as quitting employment, payment considerations, and service satisfaction (Kaliyamoorthy & Prem, 2007). For instance, a soldier will tie his pay requirements to his or her educational status, marital status, and size of the family. In respect of this, demographic characteristics form a critical component of any research process. On most oc
It is necessary to stress that the quality of life depends on diverse aspects that can vary based on people’s backgrounds and characteristics. The major domain that has a tremendous effect on the quality of life in a city is commerce or the economic and social aspect. Being a resident of a big city, I understand the benefits of such a life. Individuals can realize themselves and achieve their professional goals or creative inclinations. My city has large businesses and small home-owned enterprises, schools and universities, museums and art galleries, scientific centers and laboratories, and so on. Any person can find a place in this abundance of roles and activities. This range of opportunities is associated with access to resources and opportunities to obtain the necessary commodities. People can land a job to realize their potential and (with exceptions, of course) have the necessary funds to satisfy their diverse needs. The satisfaction of basic needs (food, shelter, health) is only the first domain. In big cities, such as mine, people can find good dwellings and access high-quality healthcare or educational services, which can be a problem in a small town or rural area. Of course, having the appropriate infrastructure with an abundance of recreational zones is a must for a modern city such as New York or any other large city (Montgomery, 2013). I am lucky to live in a city where public spaces are sufficient for the population of the city holds. I do not feel crowded in our city parks, although the traffic is crazy. For me, the quality of life in a city is defined by the availability of infrastructure needed for meeting a person’s needs. I am not alone in having such an attitude as lots of my friends coming from rural areas appreciate the features of life in a big city mentioned above. Reference Montgomery, C. (2013). The secrets of the world’s happiest cities. The Guardian . Web.
The aim of this report is to analyze a case study of the Quay International Convention Centre (QICC), which is a successful hospitality organization that has recently been experiencing a substantial downturn in the motivation and performance of its employees. The report will describe an intervention implemented by an experienced OD practitioner, which is aimed at the elimination of structural, personal, and interpersonal inefficiencies that have resulted in the diminished productivity of the center. It will be argued that an underlying problem within the operations department of the company is the lack of effective leadership, which manifests in a variety of other issues such as a stultifying hierarchy, poor communication skills of the workforce, and insufficient employee development. The paper will outline the organizational development theory, which will be used to understand the change and manage the change process. All activities related to the OD project will be described. The report will also discuss effective strategies for overcoming resistance to change. Organizational Development Theory Organizational Development and Change Management For many years, scholars have tried to come up with a comprehensive definition of OD. However, their attempts have resulted in a variety of explanations for the concept, each of which emphasizes a different aspect of OD. Beckhard has highlighted the importance of applying behavioral science to OD and argued that it is a planned, top-down effort that increases the effectiveness and health of an organization (as cited in Aziz, 2013). Burke has recognized that the concept is inevitably linked with change and implies knowledge transfer from psychology and sociology (as cited in Burnes & Cooke, 2012). However, probably the aptest definition of OD has been recently suggested by Cummings and Worley (2014), who argue that it is an organization-wide application and transfer of knowledge from behavioral sciences “to the planned development, improvement, and reinforcement of the strategies, structures, and processes that lead to organizational effectiveness” (p. 2). It is clear that although these definitions imply change, they are inextricably linked with change management. It has to do with the fact that change is a continuing process that occurs without planning. A case in point is non-adherence to Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) in QICC. Change management, on the other hand, is a planned and highly organized occurrence that requires a commitment to change and is not possible without transformational leadership (Hechanova & Cementina-Olpoc, 2013; Schachter, 2017). Lewin’s Theory of Planned Change Lewin’s theory of planned change (TPC) is widely recognized as the scholar’s main contribution to change management. The theory states that every successful change project presuppos
Dear Sir, I am writing to you about the short story that might be published in the upcoming issue. In particular, I would like to speak about William Faulkner’s A Rose for Emily since it can appeal to many well-educated readers who buy our magazine. It has been selected among others for several reasons. First of all, the author enables the readers to feel the atmosphere of the American South after the end of the Civil War. By describing a fictional Yoknapatawpha County, William Faulkner recreates various aspects of American life. The time of the action is not specified by the author, but one can deduce that people live at the end of the nineteenth century. This is one of the details that can be singled out. William Faulkner examines the.tensions between Southerners and Northerners by showing the people’s prejudices against Homer Barron. In my view, the readers may be willing to learn more about this issue. So, this short story can be important for understanding the culture of the United States as well as possible tensions within the society. Moreover, it is important to mention that the writer creates a very interesting plot. For instance, the author creates a non-linear narrative which portrays the life of the main character Emily Grierson during different periods. In this way, the writer shows how the personality of Emily Grierson evolves. The writer subtly describes the events and factors which could have shaped her behavior. This approach to writing can appeal to many readers. Moreover, William Faulkner adds a shocking ending to his short story, and it will produce a profound impression on the readers. To some degree, this short story has the elements of a thriller, and the plot is very engaging. This is another reason why this literary work can be published in the upcoming issue of our magazine. This short story is also interesting because it portrays the struggles of a person who does not to accept the changes in external environment. For instance, he does not want to admit that she no longer lives in the antebellum South. William Faulkner gives a powerful psychological portrayal of this individual and seamlessly incorporates it into the plot. In my view, this goal cannot be easily achieved by many writers. This is one of the main details that can be identified. I was astounded with the way in which the writer characterizes the main characters by using only several phrases. In my opinion, other readers may also find this writing style very enjoyable since it prompts a person to use his/her imagination while thinking about the protagonist or secondary characters. Additionally, the author’s work can be viewed as a great example of Southern Gothic. William Faulkner relies on grotesque images that enhance the sense of mystery. For instance, the readers do not know what is hidden in the house of Emily Grierson. Moreover, the personality of the protagonist remains unknown to the reader unt
The trend of examining the chromosomal background of the diseases was set within the progressive studies of DNA structure. It was a part of the scientific advances at the time and seemed like a rational track of development. The importance of chromosomal analysis for cancer treatment and monitoring nowadays can hardly be underestimated, yet there are both theoretical and practical dimensions of this disease that remain understudied. In this paper, the chromosomal analysis of breast cancer will be assessed, and the causes of the disorder will be detailed. Apart from that, we will address the issue of a single gene and complex inheritance, as well as the gene mutation, how it occurs, and if the disease can be acquired or inherited. Chromosomal analysis Chromosomal analysis is considered to be an essential part of modern clinical medicine. This procedure allows identifying the abnormalities that are recognized in many forms of cancer nowadays (Vance, 2020). For breast cancer, it has even greater importance, as the experiments show that none of the breast tumors are cytogenetically normal, and most of them have abnormal karyotypes or clonal marker chromosomes (Vance, 2020). Besides, this procedure is applied in the course of treatment in order to monitor patients’ progress (Nussbaum et al., 2016). The process usually involves short-term cell culture, hypotonic treatment, division in metaphase, and cell suspension (Vance, 2020). The chromosome complement is identified by microscopic analysis, and malignant growth is determined, depending on the cells’ origin (Vance, 2020). Detection of a certain chromosome count allows making a prognosis, while the detection of an abnormality helps classify the type of cancer and develop the course of its treatment (Vance, 2020). While there still is a gap between cytogenetic analysis and molecular diagnosis, more techniques emerge in between, helping bridge it and invoke progress in cancer treatment (Vance, 2020). Thus, the opportunities given by chromosomal analysis are multiplying, increasing its importance for the field. Causes of the disorder As breast cancer represents a group of diseases, its types and causes also vary. It is known that breasts are made of a variety of tissues, and those include lobes, ducts, glands, lobules, lymph nodes and fatty tissue (“Cancer Treatment Centers of America,” n.d.). Cancer develops when cells mutate and start growing abnormally, leading to the formation of the tumor (“Cancer Treatment Centers of America,” n.d.). With breast cancer, most of the tumors form in milk ducts and about 10% – in the lobes or glands (“Cancer Treatment Centers of America,” n.d.). There are five clusters of risk factors for breast cancer development. General risks include aging – women over 60 are most likely to be diagnose
Introduction Design and Craft are terms which are commonly used interchangeably although they differ in meaning. Craft is technique believed to have evolved many years ago, and it is still in existence. The oxford dictionary defines craft as a capability to generate and organize items by the use of intellectual power, force, strength, ingenuity and inventiveness. However, Craft involves cunning, guile and magic. Differences between Craft and design The difference between design and craft spans back to over several centuries. With the development of French, Italian and English Design academies, the idea of distinguishing between design and craft emerged (Forty, 46). The following differences therefore, can be noticed between the two aspects. A. The word craft is associated with a noun whereas design is associated with a verb. B. Craft is a term which is commonly used to refer to objects which are made from non-art materials. The word craft is only used when describing a set of objects and it’s often confused and used interchangeably with the words art and design. Craft can also be defined as a precise and accurate form of creating items, that is, an approach to manufacturing. According to Forty (76), the term craft is used to refer to two things at the same time, that is, it is used to describe how different things look, (for instance, we always say that I love that design) combined with the steps involved in achieving the final product of a good (for instance, we often say the tailor is designing my dress). Forty (63) argues that the word design is very tricky to determine since the logic of the word in the design sector does not comprise of words. He continues to elaborate that the explanation can only be established through the creation of artifacts and acquisition of key framework for analysis. Therefore, his interpretation is based on the standard definition which defines design as, the process of transformation of something from its existing state to a preferred state. C. Craft is an intangible act, and it’s not made but applied. A craft work involves the use of imagination, knowledge and skills to the characteristics of different items such as paintings, clothing, furniture, ornaments and vessels whereas Design includes how things are made, their external appearance and how they are marketed. Design has the ability to change the culture of a place as people tend to embrace new designs with the changing times. According to Forty (33), Design also reflects on the culture of a given place as one is able to deduce the values of a given place through the existing design patterns. D. Craft work typically involves the use of hand whereas most of the design processes involves the use of computerized technologies such as the 3D software for the production stage to be completed. E. Crafting is applied to processes such as producing films, writing poetry and making paints and breads whereas the design process is creative and involves a lot of analytical processes such as testing, pro
Romanesque art is a period in the European direction, which is based on the flow of ancient art after the early Christian period. The era of Romanesque art dates back to the 12th century before the emergence of the Gothic style. Moreover, Romanesque art was also influenced by other different trends. Thus, Byzantium and its architecture had a key influence on the development of this direction. In particular, this concerned iconography and mosaics, which, to a large extent, were inspired by famous buildings in Byzantium. Moreover, church officials, referring to the example of Byzantium, revived sculptures made of stone. There were many reasons for this, such as the fire resistance of the stone, the strength of this material, and the large capacity. Romanesque churches are characterized by the presence of semicircular arches, doors, and arcades, while the buildings have massive pillars and walls with several windows. During the invasions, monasteries remained the only refuge of civilization, and so large Romanesque churches were erected under the cover and for the needs of the monasteries (Charles et al., 2016). They were built during the wars, the chronicles of which are full of references to the fires of the old basilicas. By reconstructing them, church officials tried to protect the buildings from this kind of disaster and at the same time adapted them to the needs of the monastery. Thus, for reasons of fire resistance, wooden buildings were replaced with stone churches. In this way, it becomes clear why the wood was replaced with stone. Throughout the Romanesque period, the cities were engulfed in bloody wars. The villages, along with their inhabitants, were forced to seek shelter, which was served by churches. Since stone is considered a fairly strong material that is difficult to destroy, people hid in churches, in fortresses. Moreover, during the wars, the opponents burned many settlements. Wood is a highly flammable material that allows the fire to spread at a high rate. Thus, replacing wood with stone significantly reduced the number of deaths in the fire. Reference Charles, V., & Carl, K. (2016). Romanesque art . Parkstone International.