ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The UAE market has been evolving at an accelerating pace over the past few years, having made substantial progress. However, further efforts must be made in order to embrace all opportunities available. Specifically, the UAE economic environment currently suffers from the lack of strategies for embracing issues emerging in a multidisciplinary setting (Griffin & Coelhoso, 2019). For this reason, due to the strong and efficient infrastructure of the UAE market, the integration of the tools such as multi-criteria decision-making and active interactions within multicultural teams are likely to be nearly effortless. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to study the effects of the specified approaches. Articles: Overview and Assessment Article 1: Multi‐Criteria Decision Making Problem/Purpose The authors strive to locate the model for making multi-criteria decision-making in the business context. For this purpose, an adaptive model for creative decision-making is tested with the help of the multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods. Method To perform the analysis, the authors ground their study in the quantitative research method. The proposed technique implying the application of the discrete Choquet integral is justified by the necessity to compare and contrast the results of assessments and quantify the obtained information (Čančer & Mulej, 2013). The resulting data was believed to prove the importance of using the selected model in the business context. Theory The research is based on the tenets of the Dialectical Systems theory. The selected approach toward understanding the effects of integrating the MCDM framework into the workplace environment gives a chance to scrutinize the phenomenon from a multifaceted perspective. Solution/Results According to the outcomes of the assessment performed by Čančer and Mulej, the MCDM model has proven to be quite helpful in prompting creativity in organizational decision-making. Article 2: Cultural Influences Problem/Purpose The research performed by Guesalaga, Pierce, and Scaraboto is geared toward studying cultural factors that affect customers’ expectations and demand for quality in the environment of local emerging economies. Method Since the nature of the inquiry made by the authors involves multiple perspectives, the choice of the multi-method approach is quite legitimate. The study embraces qualitative changes in customers’ attitudes, locates the sources thereof, and measures the intensity of their demand with the quantitative analysis. Theory The theoretical foundation of the research resides on the classification of cultural dimensions suggested by Hofstede. As a result, the multicultural nature of alterations in buyers’ perspectives can be analyzed. Solution/Results The results of the research indicate that the expectations of service quality in customers are quite homogenous both in local and foreign markets. Therefore, the implications of the resea
This study was to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative data collection methods that were used to inform the investigation on the inspiration from Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX). The investigation was based on secondary data from different articles with detailed information on the reasons that led Representative Michael G. Oxley (R-OH) and the U.S. Senator Paul Sarbanes to propose the act and its implications on the accuracy of corporate financial statements (Wagner and Dittmar 2006). Cunningham (2002) argues that the act obliges top managers with the oversight role to ensure accurate financial reporting are under the mandatory obligation to certify the accuracy of corporate financial statements. King and Horrocks (2010) argue that both the qualitative and quantitative methods were applied by the researcher to collect and analyze the secondary data. Qualitative data was based on sources that discussed the underlying factors that led the U.S. Senator and Representative to propose the enactment of the law. The qualitative approach provided information on the sections of the acts, which were divided into eleven titles including the obligations and responsibilities of corporate entities’ inaccurate financial reporting and the criminal penalties that corporations and individual managers could be subjected to if they violate any section of the act. That is beside the requirements outlined in the act on how organizations should implement and comply with each section of the act to adhere to the law. The qualitative paradigm provided the framework for establishing the issues covered by the act such as auditor independence, internal assessments and controls, corporate governance, and enhanced financial disclosure and the direct effects such issues could have on the implementation of SOX. An analysis of the quantitative paradigm as noted by Yin (2010) based on secondary data shows that the method provides the framework to analyze the number of corporate entities that were adversely affected by inaccurate financial reporting and the effects on the financial performance of the organizations. That was beside the number of legislators who voted in favor of the act. Typically, when the act was subjected to the vote, 8 representatives abstained, 423 voted in favor, 3 opposed. On the Senatorial vote, 1 abstained and 99 voted in favor of the act. Later, President George Bush signed the act into law and asserted that America had been transformed from the era of false profi
Introduction Malcolm X’s speech “The Ballot or the Bullet” is focused on several themes important for describing the experiences of many African Americans in the sixties. In particular, this political activist explores such topics as the struggle of black people for their rights and the strategies that they should adopt to combat racial discrimination. Malcolm X stresses the idea that African Americans should be ready and willing to take up arms if they want to become full citizens of the United States (X 83). Moreover, he argues that white people will never recognize the interests and needs of blacks voluntarily (X 83). Overall, Malcolm X is justified in saying that the members of a social group should be ready to fight for their rights; however, his rhetoric is flawed since it antagonizes black and white people. Main body Malcolm X offers several examples to support the assumption that political and economic rights cannot be asserted or defended without people’s readiness to put up active and stiff resistance to social injustice. For instance, the author discusses the American Revolutionary War. In particular, he mentions that American colonists would not have gained independence from the British Empire if they had not had the courage to be engaged in battle (X 83). Moreover, Malcolm X discusses the anti-colonial struggle of various nations that we’re able to end the rule of European countries in Asia and Africa (82). In his opinion, African Americans should adopt a similar approach to the protection of their rights. There is another important aspect of Malcolm X’s speech; in particular, he frequently emphasizes the idea that African Americans may come into direct conflict with white people. He frequently refers to the so-called “white man” who apparently represents the social institutions perpetrating various injustices against black people (X 88
The problem of uninsured people in the US has been fueled by several socio-economic factors. Some of them have been amplified over the last few years and have resulted in a further increase in the uninsured population. Economic factors affecting the uninsured The uninsured statistics are significantly affected by economic forces among many. The recent US economic downturn has caused a sharp increase in the uninsured population of the country. As reported by authors and economists, a 1% increase in the inflation rate has caused more enrollments and has caused an increase of 1.1 million people in the uninsured population. The recent economic crisis has resulted in a deadly combination of inflation, unemployment, and lower levels of income resulting in a compounding effect that has increased the number of uninsured people drastically. Studies show that people with lower income levels are most likely to lack health insurance faculties. Families with a household income of less than $30,000 were approximately 4.5 times more likely to not have health insurance as compared to the families in the household income bracket of over $60,000. Age had a slight effect as well as younger people were more likely to be uninsured, children making a significant segment (Jang, 1998). Many people in the study were also from the group who had health insurance in the past but could no longer pay its expenses due to the worsening of the economic situation. Such people had lost their jobs or laid off, experienced lower levels of income, experienced higher day-to-day costs and inflation, or a combination of any of the aforementioned (Jang, 1998). Social factors affecting the uninsured This is another major force contributing to the problem. The biggest social factor affecting the issue is the issue of race and ethnicity. Ethnic minorities make up a large portion of the uninsured. a link can be formed between language and cultural differences between the US-born and immigrants living in the US particularly in the form of barriers restricting the minorities from access to health benefits. Studies showed that Asian citizens of the US had a higher percentage of people without health insurance. Also, most of these people had an eighth-grade education or less and could not speak fluent English. This forms a communication barrier and restricts access to facilities. Other immigrants from Mexico and South American countries usually experience lower standards of living and work mediocre jobs that pay low. These issues are also faced by African-Americans. Hispanics being the major chunk of minorities who lack health insurance, are proof that ethnic differences cause barriers between the people and healthcare benefits. Recent increases in cross-border immigration have caused the uninsured population to increase as well. Environmental issues do not play a significant role in this problem. Therefore, healthcare providers need to be made aware of the issues related to language and ethnicity and the restrictions they cause in terms of access and utilization. To improve this situation, service providers need to make their facilities affordable and
The course has given a clear perspective on what such a concept as career readiness actually comprises. While the importance of being professional and respectful for finding a proper job is apparent, such factor as integrity sounds somewhat vague. The course explains that it is essential to be straightforward, loyal, and moral, which actually characterizes a person of integrity. The information of that kind is applicable at all levels, from writing a resume to communicating with colleagues, as a reputation is easy to spoil but dramatically difficult to restore. Regarding career exploration, one could hardly imagine that it requires any special skills. However, composing a winning resume is not such a primitive task as it may seem to be. Patterson, the author of an extensive textual guide on writing resumes, promises to show “how to do it as painlessly as possible” (2020). The course shows that as well but in a form of brief dos and don’ts which is considerably more readable and memorable. In addition, it enables developing the relevant practical skills that are of special importance to those who have little to no experience in job exploration. Financial literacy is a critical skill to gain before applying for any vacation. The course involves an in-depth explanation of the basic components of financial awareness. Mastering them does not purely simplify the search for the most profitable job, but contributes to personal happiness resulting from stability, says Perry (2018). Therefore, the course materials are hypothetically applicable to whatever sphere of life. Regarding the professional sphere in particular, the course makes the job seeking process substantially less challenging and terrifying due to the clarification of several issues that may look incomprehensible.
One of the propositions tied to the upcoming statewide elections in California on November 3, 2020, is a veto referendum called “California Replace Cash Bail with Risk Assessments Referendum.” In this referendum, California voters will have to decide whether the California Senate Bill 10 that requires to base pre-trial release on risk assessment rather than cash bail needs to be implemented in the state. Even though Senate Bill 10 is mostly a Democratic initiative, voters of all political preferences should support it, as the bill’s opponents mainly protect the interests of the bail industry and resort to distorting information. The major sponsor of the proposition is the American Bail Coalition that reacted to Senate Bill 10 is adopted and signed into law in 2018. The bail industry makes its income on providing bails for suspects for a certain reward – usually 10 percent of the sum (“Replace Cash Bail,” 2020). Since its profits rely on the preservation of bail as an institution, replacing it with risk assessment threatens the income of the entities involved in this business. In partisan terms, Senate Bill 10 is largely the brainchild of the Democratic Party, while the Republicans have opposed it in both chambers of the state’s legislative assembly. In the State Assembly, 42 Democrats out of 55 supported the bill, and 24 Republicans out of 25 opposed it (“Replace Cash Bail,” 2020). In the State Senate, 25 Democrats out of 26 voted “Yes” and 12 Republicans out of 14 voted “No” (“Replace Cash Bail,” 2020). Hence, the votes approving or vetoing the implementation of Senate Bill 10 will likely coincide with the Democratic and Republican political affiliations of the voters. As of now, there is no yet clear delineation of the state counties either in favor or against the proposition. In particular, it is not clear which counties are more likely to vote “Yes” and, as such, support the continuing Senate Bill 10. There is slightly more information on the opposing side – at the very least, it is known that the Orang Country displays strong opposition toward the bill (“Replace Cash Bail,” 2020). In all likelihood, only the actual referendum in November will demonstrate how California voters in the state’s different areas feel about the proposition. Regardless of the party affiliation, a responsible choice for an average voter would be voting “Yes” and supporting the continued implementation of Senate Bill 10. As mentioned above, the opposition to the measure mainly serves the profits of the bail industry rather than the average Californian. Additionally, the opponents of the bill use blatant disinformation in their campaign, as when claiming that the risk assessment procedure rests on computer algorithms (“Senate Bill 10 Halted,” 2019). However, California State Government has made it exceedingly clear that, while computer algorithms are used, the judicial officer is the actual authority and may override the decision suggested by them (“SB 10,” 2020). Other things being equal, resorting to disinformation to further one’s case should be a dow
Introduction The international economy has greatly changed over the last decades owing to the forces of globalization, liberalization of markets, and technology. The economy and operations of each nation have been integrated with those of other nations across the globe. Through globalization, it has been inevitable for countries to work without cooperation with others. The international economy is characterized by increased trade activities in the global platform. New markets and opportunities have been opened up, thus boosting trade and expansion of GDP for the countries. There has however been heated debate on the value of the international economy in serving the interests of developing nations. Research and analysis by leading economists has shown that the international economy is both advantageous and disastrous. Despite the numerous opportunities presented by the international economy, barriers in realizing national interests of developing countries have been reported. Based on research, the international economy is a force of capitalism and is only beneficial to the developed countries. This gives a clear opinion that the international economy is to a bigger extent limiting the interests of developing countries. This essay will discuss and analyze the ways in which the international economy limits developing countries’ interests. At present, few or no country has remained unaffected by the international economy. Some countries have greatly benefited from globalization, while others have fallen victims. The international economy offers great opportunities for growth and trade with countries, thus boosting national economic growth and development. This has however not been the case for many developing countries, which have grown poorer due to the international economy. The international economy has created an unstable and polarized world in the long run. This has caused protests of developing countries regarding the international economy. These protests have however been given a deaf hear by developed countries who are practically controlling the international economy. The current form of the international economy has done more harm than good in the sense that it only enhances inequality between developed and developing nations (Chua 102). A huge gap between developed and developing countries has resulted in the 21 st century due to the international economy. Through globalization of the economy, the world has been polarized between the rich and poor countries. The developing countries have been put in a compromised situation, thus crippling them to severe poverty. A point of concern is that the int
Conflict of generations and other supporting issues is really common in the modern life. Moreover, the conflict has increased with the appearance of the so-called generation Y who were brought up during the development of the innovative technologies. Therefore, being born since the early 1980s up to 2000, these people cannot live without different information devices, and technology is their mode of life. Employing such people the company manager should face a number of difficulties, however, it is important to understand that if one manages to use the advantages of the employees from the generation Y, he/she is going to succeed. There is an opinion that the employees of generation Y will negatively impact the sustainability of the Australian Hotel and Resort industry. This point of view is wrong as the inability to use the potential of the generation Y does not mean the inability of these people to work. Hiring the employees of generation Y in the Australian Hotel and Resort industry, the company will succeed in the sphere of innovation and company performance. Generation Y is the best one for searching for the innovative decisions while performing usual tasks. Using such employees for the Australian Hotel and Resort industry, the employer may succeed in many aspects connected with the accommodation of the clients and offering them specific conditions for entertainment. Innovative and fresh look at different things of the generation Y may be used for planning 1 and improving the performance of the organization. Most of the employees are working for the salary and the high offers are essential for them. Generation Y also values high salary, however, they are eager to become employed in the company where they will be offered the opportunities for management and leadership skills development with the lower salary than in the company with the high salary without any possibilities for development. 2 The Australian Hotel and Resort industry needs such people as employing those who want to develop personally and professionally, the industry is sure to develop and succeed. “A lot of employers see Generation Y as a problem. That’s not the case here. Problem? What Problem? They are an opportunity” 3 is the expression of one of the managers in the hotel industry in Sydney. This statement is supported with the research conducted by Cairncross and Buultjens. 4 This research shows that being grown up in the conditions of the development of the innovative technologies, these people are highly trained. There is no need to explain generation Y how to work with computers and other innovative technologies and programs. Modern recreation industry is based on the computer technologies and using the labor of highly trained employees is a success for many employers. About 30 percent of the hospitality workforce in Australia comprises the generation Y. The main advantage of these people is that hey highl
Today, at the height of the Covid pandemic, it is not easy to imagine these times will finally be over. Scientists develop vaccines to combat Covid, but the disease still rages on even among vaccinated people, albeit in a milder form. Wearing masks has become a typical attribute of any gathering; social distancing has turned into a habit. However, all pandemics finally end; the day will come when Covid becomes history like the plague and polio. This paper hypothesizes that along with the overload of health systems, Covid times will be remembered as a period when new lifestyles were elaborated with stress on increased digitalization in all spheres of life. With the number of patients growing, many countries declared the near-collapse of medical systems and chose to play for time, introducing lockdowns in towns and cities. Outwardly, this measure allowed governments to reorganize their medical systems so that they could embrace a steeply increasing number of hospitalizations and outpatient treatment. However, lockdowns and social distancing have led to changes in all spheres of life, and the increasing digitalization encompassed every corner of human existence. Thus, in the medical sphere, telemedicine has been introduced, where patients get online access to medical services. Now, if a person is ill, he can get an examination and consultation online, and the doctor can assess whether he needs to be taken to the hospital or not. This development is crucial for areas where no medical services can be quickly delivered due to the remoteness of these regions and the lack of medical personnel in these parts. Moreover, the technology brought about the opportunity of teleconsultations; when doctors are unsure of the diagnosis, they may consult the best specialists in this or that medical field. Technology has become a breakthrough in providing the best care to people living in remote areas. In sales, the pandemic brought about a steep increase in online trading and delivery services. Due to lockdowns, people have got used to buying online everything they need, from food and medicines to furniture and appliances. Restaurant and café businesses were transformed in such a way as to allow customers to enjoy their favorite dishes at home, relying on delivery services. Many companies, especially those where people work at a computer, had allowed their employees to work from home even when the lockdowns were over. Lately, there has been a boom in the development of computer programs catering to different business processes. These programs rely more and more on the online format, allowing companies’ employees to stay home (Algahtani et al., 2021). Many businesses have found the online format optimal since it saves space in the office and reduces working areas and expenses by renting smaller offices. Moreover, people’s private lives have undergone significant changes. Thus, while earlier, people used to gather together to have a good time, today, due to Covid’s limitations, many of us go to online chat ro