ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Observation and Description Describe the overall teaching situation, including group characteristics, seating arrangement, and any additional criteria necessary to present the learning environment The teaching situation was conducive. The host teacher, from whom I learnt a lot, was also very cooperative in helping me create a learning atmosphere favorable for the kids. The teaching was about cutting out sight words with scissors followed by learning how to play a sight word card game. This was a very interesting topic for the students and they were engaged throughout the study period. For the lesson, I came with several props that were meant to help me in showing the students what exactly they were expected to do. I divided the students into groups which were heterogeneous. This was to ensure that the students with slow learning ability could be easily assisted by those who were quick to learn the lesson in study. The sitting arrangement of the student was in a row and column format. (Slavin, 2009). Learning was organized in groups with each group having four students. As explained above, the groups were heterogeneous and the sitting arrangement was in a square format with each students being able to see all the others and observe the proceedings of the group. I taught the whole class before grouping them and answered their questions. This was meant to stimulate their thinking at a class level and also to ensure they all understood what was being taught in order to achieve the same result in all the groups. This was to confirm that the students were indeed engaged in solving the task given unto them and that all of them were contributing towards the groups’ assignment. Each of the group members had a role to play in the group assignment. Analysis, Exploration, and Reasoning Explain the reasons behind the rules you established for student behavior and participation during your lesson presentation Rules established included full participation by each of the student and no student was to sit behind another student. They were then to have a brief bonding period before beginning the lesson (Borich, 2007). This was to ensure that all the students participated fully in their roles in the assignment and co
Action Plan for Staying Motivated While Writing My Dissertation Writing a dissertation is a big academic challenge as it requires a lot of dedication in terms of time and effort (Ryan, 2008). However, there are various ways in which the researcher can sustain his or her motivation during this period. Some of the ways that I have employed to keep up motivation while writing my dissertation are discussed below: Having a Study Group When writing a dissertation, one must join a study group to obtain moral and intellectual support (Schensul, 2009). I joined such a group when I started working on my dissertation and it has helped me a lot in terms of moral support and dealing with the challenges that I encounter in the dissertation writing process. My group members also benefit from my support. Creating a Dissertation Time-table The period over which you are supposed to write your dissertation seems very long when starting but time moves very fast. To ensure that I stay focused and to avoid the last-minute rush in writing my dissertation, I have prepared a time-table allocating time to each critical part of the dissertation. I also make sure that I have followed the time-table strictly. Taking Regular Breaks It is crucial to take regular breaks while writing a dissertation to give your mind time for relaxation and to develop new ideas. Working on the research continuously is tedious and results in exhaustion and, consequently, low quality work. Thus I usually take regular breaks from my research to freshen up a
Julie Orringer is an accomplished literary genius whose themes are substantially different from those of other writers. In her short stories book, How to Breath Underwater , she explores a part of life that is ignored by many writers- childhood. She shows how young girls struggle in their childhoods trying to cope with their parents, win appreciation from boys, learn to deal with jealousy among them, learn religious matters etcetera. Religion is the thematic focal point in almost all of Orringer’s stories. In this essay, we look at the role of religion in the stories, Station of the cross and The Smoothest Way Is Full of Stones . In Stations of the Cross , Orringer portrays religious awareness in her characters. Even the young girls had a ‘religious consciousness’ that led them in their day-to-day activities. In her childhood, Lila meets her best friend, Carney whose world was filled with religious artifacts and evidence. For instance, she gave Lila a picture of Jesus carrying the cross; she even took Veronica as her middle name after Saint Veronica. She says that Carney “seemed a little awed by the fact that I had come from New Orleans, a city she’d heard to be full of sinners …” (Orringer, 2005, p. 202). Lila’s mother forbade Lila from talking ill of her Aunt Marian with the fear that they would judge her. In this non-Jewish community, everybody was Catholic. Lila felt displaced and was not supportive of the actions of her f
Executive Summary The report entails an analysis of how Absolut Vodka which operates within the spirits industry intends to succeed through creation of effective market awareness. The report illustrates the advertising plan that Absolut Vodka intends to utilize. An analysis of the external business environment is conducted using the PESTLE model. A competitive analysis is also conducted by considering the firm’s core competitors. In addition, the firm’s internal and external environment is evaluated using the SWOT analysis. The report describes the characteristic of the firm’s target market. Considering the fact that a firm operations must be guided by certain objectives, the report outlines the objectives that the firm intends to achieve through the advertising plan. In order for the advertising to be effective, the plan illustrates the message and creativity to be used in the advertising campaign. The media strategy illustrates the various mediums to be used in creating awareness. A summary of Absolut Vodka Media Strategy is illustrated. A budget of how the 2 million pounds to be used in the advertising will be allocated is also illustrated. In addition, the timeline for the various advertising mediums is also outlined. The report also illustrates the evaluation and mechanisms that will be used to determine the effectiveness of the advertising plan. Finally, a conclusion and a set of recommendations are given. Background to the study For a firm to be successful, it must be effective in its marketing practices. This arises from the fact that there has been an increment in the intensity of competition within the businesses environment. One of the marketing practices that firms should consider includes creating effective market awareness. To achieve this, firms should undertake advertising planning. Absolut Vodka brand was established in 1879. In its operation, the company specializes in the production of alcoholic spirits. Absolute Vodka is produced from natural ingredients. There are no added sugars in its production which makes it to be an exclusive drink. However, the brand faced various challenges for a number of decades. In 1979, Abslut Vodka brand was reestablished to the market. During the next few years, Absolut Vodka’s popularity increased internationally. One of the factors that contributed to increment in its market popularity is the aggressive advertising campaign which was conducted by the firm. The firm’s advertising campaign was based on the unique bottle shape. The campaign played a vital role in the marketing of Absolut Vodka. As one of the alcoholic spirits is in the world, Absolut Vodka is ranked as the fourth largest brand. Aim The report is aimed at illustrating the advertising plan to be adopted by Absolut Vodka in its marketing process. Scope The report is organized into a number of sections. The first section entails a situational analysis which is undertaken by using the PESTLE and SWOT analysis models. The second part entails a competitive analysis which illustrates the firm’s core competitors. The objectives of the firm are i
Introduction Cruise liners have in recent times become one of the most important modes of transport. It has been considered one of the safest modes of transport not only in the United States but also in the whole world. Cruise liners often docks at a port carrying a large number of passengers. It has become an important tourist activity with those on board spending days exploring marine life. Its capacity to contain many passengers at a time makes it an ideal mode of tourism for a large group of persons and the fact that everybody is contained in one ship helps in bonding the travellers. The industry has grown rapidly in the world, recording a growth rate of 8 percent between 1992 and 2002. By 2001, cruise ships’ fleets had risen to about 167 vessels. This means at one docking time, large number of vessels is expected to be at a port in one time. This calls for a well maintained port to handle this growing number of cruise ships. They also have adverse effects in the marine environment if not well handled. (Barrow, 1997) Environmental impacts of cruise liners As we have seen, cruise liners have increased the number of vessels per fleet. According to GAO (2000), the number of vessels and the number of passengers docking at a port at one time definitely may have a strain on the marine environment. They generate a lot of waste which pollutes the marine environment. It has been studied that some cruise vessels have an equivalent of small cities in terms of waste production emission. Here are some of the ways in which cruise liners cause environmental pollution. Sewage This mainly comes from vessel sewage and other water waste like from medical facilities. It has been estimated that in a cruise ship there is about five to ten gallon of sewage per person per day. It is to be understood that due to the limited fresh water availability in the sea during sea fare sewage from cruise ships is usually more concentrated. It is less diluted due to water shortage in the long journey in the sea. Perhaps this sewage discharge has the most compounding effects of the marine life and also to the human being. It can harbour bacteria and viruses which can cause disease to marine life and also to human beings who consume marine products. It makes the water unsafe for swimming, diving and boating. Sewage contains a lot of nutrients which encourage growth of plants in the water. This is specifically in the growth of algae in the process of eutrophication. Growth of algae in the marine environment leads to competition of oxygen between the marine animals and the growing algae. Growth of algae in mass leads to depletion of oxygen which can lead to death of marine life depending on oxygen for survival like fish and other animals in the marine environment. This has been one of the factors leading to extinction of some animal species in marine life in some parts of the world. Inhabitation of marine environment by algae poses a danger to the existence of marine animals. In addition cruise sewage is always treated with chemical as per Marine Sanitation Devices. Chemi
The dramatic shifts being experienced in the scope and mode of delivering oral health care and the myriad challenges facing dental practitioners demand new and sustained approaches to develop leaders with the skills and competencies required to guide oral health practice into the future (Kalenderian, Taichman, R, Skoulas, Nadershahi, & Victoroff, 2013). As such, students in dentistry and related oral health disciplines need to be prepared on how to address these changes and challenges using appropriate leadership styles and approaches. In light of this observation, the present paper compares the three approaches to leadership with the view to identifying the most appropriate approach in dental public health contexts. Available literature groups most of the existing leadership styles into three broad leadership approaches (trait, behavior, and situational), each with its own distinct characteristics and application mechanisms (Longest, 2011). The most traditional of the three is the trait leadership approach, which uses “personality, social, physical, social, physical, or intellectual traits to differentiate leaders from non-leaders” (Derue, Nahrgong, Wellman, & Humphrey, 2011, p. 8). This approach advances the perspective that leaders are born with special traits such as extraversion, conscientiousness, openness and emotional intelligence, which in turn assist them to influence subordinates or followers toward the attainment of set goals and objectives. The behavioral approach to leadership, on the contrary, denies that leaders are born and instead reinforces the perspective that specific behavioral orientations (e.g., task-oriented behaviors and people-oriented behaviors) come into play to differentiate leaders from non-leaders (Derue et al., 2011). Lastly, the situational leadership approach is different from the other two as it is embedded in situational or environmental contexts of leadership. Most situational leadership theories consider the influence of followers and other environmental variables in developing the capacity for individuals to become effective leaders (Longest, 2011). In my view, the situational leadership approach is the most sensible in dental public health contexts by virtue of its realization that environmental contexts and followers are important components in any leadership activity. Research is consistent that dental public health programs and projects must have the capacity to not only address the needs of communities but also to gain acceptance from community members (followers) and to include them in decision-making processes (Kalenderian et al., 2013). Consequently, leaders of such programs and projects must develop the capacity to lead in different situations and contexts by changing their style of leadership to fit the follower’s (community members) demands, needs and expectations as demonstrated in the cognitive resource theory. Additionally, the situational leadership approach is the most appropriate in dental public health contexts is it pr
April 16, 1865 Today, April 16, 1865, is the lamentable day for the nation that lost the greatest of her leaders. Abraham Lincoln, the Sixteenth President of the United States, breathed his last at 7:22 a.m. in the house of a Mr. Peterson across the street from the Ford theater where the vicious conspirators’ bullet shot him the night before. The assassin, a Ford actor John Booth fled from the crime scene and managed to escape. Abraham Lincoln was born in a cabin on the frontier between Kentucky and Indiana. The background the future President ascended from was humble. The Leader was self-educated, a book lover, a joker, and a laugher, a hard worker, a Black Hawk War veteran (Williams & Pederson, 2009). His family is left devastated over the loss of a loving husband and a caring father of four children. The nation mourns him as children would, for we have learned to rely on President Lincoln, who proved he is worthy of the nation’s trust. This man showed us what Unity is; he inspired us to fight for the ideals that he valued the deepest: democracy, freedom, justice, and brotherhood. He was the first to ever raise his voice and map the path to the death of slavery. What others could never reach with sword and fire, Abraham Lincoln achieved “with malice towards none” (Oates, 2009). His kindness and cold-headedness, his integrity, and clever wit, his benevolence and goodwill make this loss unbearable further still. Today, the nation is in the deepest sorrow. She will forever remember Abraham Lincoln as the greatest and the best ever since the Founding Fathers and will faithfully discharge her duties and live up to the expectations of the one who has so untimely left her. April 16, 2015 On this day a century and a half ago, at 7:22 a. m., President Abraham Lincoln passed away from a mortal wound inflicted by pro-Confederate conspirator and a theatrical actor John Booth. Lincoln had a brain wound and, upon his death, became the first President who was assassinated (Roark, Johnson, Cohen, Stage, & Hartmann, 2014). An eloquent speaker and a talented essayist, the President, clearly stated his goals which would later constitute his legacy. In his second inaugural speech, Lincoln voiced his famous directive which declared charity and goodwill. His ultimate goal was the Unity and freedom of slaves; a brilliant strategist, Abraham Lincoln led the country into a struggle for freedom. He thought the war would last less; although his expectations were not justified, he did his best to prevent outer interference into the War. Among other things, his domestic policies included the Homestead Act enabling the Eastern poor to purchase Western lands. Also, the National Banking Act stab
Polaris company Defining the stages at which Polaris achieved an impressive success in promoting its products to the target audience, one must mention the fact that the company broke new grounds in the scale of the facilities that it was going to provide. Indeed, when considering the impact that the company made on the very concept of a publicly traded company, one will have to agree that Polaris’s breaking ground “on a 77,000-square-foot plastic injection molding facility” (Stotts, Shrader & DeMarie, 2010) did set the bar for the rest of the companies quite high. As far as the companies mistakes are concerned, the competition with the Japanese motorcycles should be mentioned. It would have been better for the company to come up with a unique design that would help the audience distinguish the product among the rest of brands. One could argue, however, that these were not the scale and impressiveness of the changes made to the image of a publicly traded company that made Polaris famous, but the decisive and rather risky decision to expand into the global market ( Polaris global review , n. d.). The failure to incorporate the latest technologies into the design of the new motorcycle, in its turn, can be viewed as the next most significant defeat. Corporate Governance Mechanisms: Examples With the advent of globalization and the emergence of the global market, the need for a range of enterprises to expand has emerged. A company is capable of not only improving its production process and attracting more customers with the help of expanding its business and acquiring new companies, but also integrate a better insurance system into its financial framework, thus, creating a more reliable insurance strategy to rely on. As a result, the need for the corporate governance as the tool for supervising the work of different affiliates of the company emerges. However, the corporate governance process is fraught with a range of difficulties, the key one being finding the balance between a loose coordination of the actions taken in the affiliates and a strict supervision, which does not allow the company’s departments to have enough room for making local financial decisions. Locating the point of balance between the two extremes is very complicated, and only few companies have succeeded in this task. Among these companies, Google, Apple and General Motors must be mentioned ( Google’s stock split irks governance experts, but is t
The three chronological estates (Church, Nobility, & Peasantry) can be used analogically in the current western society. This is a critical provision when considered decisively. The first modern estate relevant in this context is the Executive Branch of most governments in the contemporary western society. In the medieval society (analogically), the church (clergy) was given power to make decisions, give credible directions, and provide viable living wits. As the top (powerful) arm of the society, it manipulated and molded the concerned society to favor its religious, governance, and societal interests. Currently, this is relevant in the executive branch of most governments in the contemporary western society. The current governments dictate how people should live, interact, eat, drive, solve disputes, own properties, and relate in the society among other provisions. This is a critical provision in the context of governance as indicated earlier. Executive arm of government has the final say in the contemporary western society. Rules (modern laws) have been set to govern most institutions and other considerable provisions relevant in this context. Considerably, this estate (in the modern setting) would form the governmental entity meant to provide operational directions in the contemporary western society. It is important to understand this provision in various analogical contexts. The description provided indicates how this group (estate) should appear in order to conform to the provisions of the first estate. The second analogical group in the contemporary western society is the legislative arm of government. Currently, the society elects politicians (legislators) and other officials to fight for their demands and enact fair distribution of national resources. This is meant to establish and ratify equity. Additionally, the legislative branch of government establishes and passes laws that will fight and help in providing the desired equality among citizens in the western community. Similar to the second estate in the medieval society (Nobility), the contemporary western society possesses the legislative arm of government as an equivalent. It is critical to understand this provision as indicated earlier. While considering how this estate would be and describing its appearance, the legislative arm of government possesses (analogically) numerous provisions. Firstly, they possess considerable powers over their respective states and subjects. Concurrently, they should continuously fight for their opinions and propose viable governmental and societal provisions for common citizens. Analogically, this group enjoys special treatment in the society based on profiles and roles subjected to them. This is evident in the realms of remuneration, security, healthcare, and retirement benefits. The third group (analogical t