ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The process of delivering a presentation involves three phases. In broad terms, the three phases are stages when the presenter has to review the logistics, delivery when the presenter has to balance preparation and verbal and nonverbal communication, and follow-up when the presenter has to carry put evaluation and general follow-up. Thus, this reflective treatise attempts to explicitly describe the above elements of the systems approach for effective delivering presentation. Systems approach for delivering effective presentations Stage This stage basically involves reviewing the logistics such as the environmental and facility requirements. It is important for a presenter to properly prepare the meeting room in order to make the audience comfortable. For example, the seating arrangement should be welcoming in line with the theme of the presentation. Also, the tables and the lecterns should be carefully chosen. They should be within the theme of the presentation to ensure that the presenter and the audience are not distracted. It is necessary to locate the projection screen in the most strategic and visible area within the sight range of the presenter and the audience. Still under the stage, the various facilities that are needed to support the delivery should be procured and installed in time. For instance, the balancing of the lights should be directly related to the theme of the presentation. It is necessary to test and properly program the various equipments such as the computers, communication hookup, and the various players supporting the computer equipment. In fact, this element forms the primary factor of the initial reception of the message to be delivered and may be used by the audience to judge the seriousness of the presenter. Moreover, the presenter should carry out a complete test of the sound system and ensure that it will be stable throughout the presentation. It is necessary to avoid too loud or too soft sound system to minimize cases of strained audibility. Lastly, the presentation delivery building or area should be fitted with clean and adequate break areas and restrooms to enhance the comfort of the audience. Actual delivery Preparation In order to facilitate proactive delivery by a presenter, it is important to draw a comprehensive outline that accommodates the preparation strategies, delivery methods, proper response strategies for special situations, and a mind map for evaluation of the post-presentation and follow up. The above strategies act as a cushion to the presenter from technical hicc
Currently, many American cities face a significant housing crisis. In part, it can be explained by several important trends, namely the growing population and inability of many low or middle-income families to buy a house or rent an apartment. One can look at the way in which this problem is addressed such a city as Los Angeles. In particular, this paper is aimed at evaluating the housing element of the general plan developed for this city. These initiatives are supposed to increase the accessibility of housing and raise the standards of living. These steps can greatly benefit the residents of Los Angeles and to people who intend to settle in this city. It seems that this set of initiatives shows how policy-makers can address a set of problems faced by the city and how various governmental agencies can join the efforts in order to bring improvements. These are the main aspects that should be discussed. Overall, this plan pursues several important objectives. One of the most important goals is to help people preserve their homeownership status. This is why the city council intends to help low and middle income families because many of these people find it extremely difficult to repay their loans (Los Angeles Department of City Planning 65). Many of them are on the verge of foreclosure, especially at the time when unemployment rates are very high. It seems that this goal is quite justified because the increasing number of homeless people can lead only to greater expenses for the state. For instance, homeless people are more likely to be engaged in crime. They also become more vulnerable to various diseases. This is why one can fully support the initiatives advocated by city planners. This goal is important for ensuring the safety of neighborhoods in Los Angeles. Apart from that, the general plan of Los Angeles is aimed at reducing the cost of renting housing (Los Angeles Department of City Planning 65). This is why, significant investment will be made into the construction of housing that can affordable to people with various income levels. In this way, the city council tries to help people who come to Los Angeles or the individuals facing financial difficulties. This initiative can greatly benefit the residents of the city. These initiatives are the most important components of the general plan. Furthermore, the general plan of Los-Angeles is not focused only on the affordability of housing. It also emphasizes the quality of people’s lives. This is why the city council lays stress on such issues as the const
Introduction The Australian financial system is one of the economies in the developed world that had a better performance both in the wake of and after the global financial crisis. Several reasons have been fronted for the positive performance of the economy. There are sets of data that show that the economy was resilient, with a high probability of continuing to be on the right path. Some of the important indicators of economic performance include the inflation rate, unemployment rates, the Gross Domestic Product and the rate at which it is changing, the debt-to-GDP ratio of a country, and other rates such as interest rates. This essay focuses on the economic performance of the Australian economy post the global economic crisis using the above measures. It also looks at the monetary and fiscal policies that were important in this performance. Inflation Inflation is one of the factors in economics that was heavily affected by the global economic crisis. Many households were unable to acquire basic commodities because of the same. Countries try to reduce inflation to ensure that goods and services are affordable by their population. This ensures that there is also some money available for government spending in the form of tax as shown in graph 1 below. Australia is one of the nations where inflation continues to be a priority for the different administrations. The trend after the global economic crisis is not different from most other nations. Australia experienced a surge in the inflation rate after the global financial crisis, with the value standing at 0.91%, which was considerably high about the previous years. The inflation rate continued to rise throughout the year, with the highest recorded for the same year being 1.44% (“Trading Economics: Australia Inflation Rate QoQ” par. 1). Gr
According to Jones (1986), “Emile Durkheim was born on April 15, 1858 at Épinal, Vosges, in Lorraine, France” (P 1) 1 . He was an intelligent, academically astute student who received numerous awards and honors. Some of his early achievements were; baccalaureates in Letters received in 1874, baccalaureates in Sciences in 1875, and a high distinction in the Concours Général. In 1879, he joined college at the Lycée Louis-le-Grand in Paris. He enrolled as a philosophy teacher of state secondary schools in 1882 where he worked for five years. He was later appointed course Officer for Pedagogical and Social Sciences at Bordeaux in 1887. The then French Director of Higher Education Louis Liard inserted the social sciences part to fit Durkheim’s new ideas, which saw sociology debut in the French academic arena. Durkheim was a major contributor in the establishment of sociology as a science. He wrote extensively on what the subject was and how to study it. According to Brinton & Nee, (2001) Durkheim declared that sociology was a different from other subjects; it was not extension of any other. 2 He argued that sociology must have a clear and different object from philosophy as well as psychology and should have a unique study method. In the Classical and Contemporary Sociological Theory: Text and Readings, he says, “there is in every society a certain group of phenomena, which may be differentiated from those studied by the other natural sciences.” (Laura, Desfor & Edles, 2007, P. 95) 3 In addition, he established the fact that sociology’s major aim was to identify structural social facts. Durkheim is widely known as the father of sociology and his work greatly influenced structural functionalism and inspired a host of other scholars including Alfred Radcliffe-Brown and Maurice Halbwachs among others. Durkheim’s determination was to give the subject a scientific character. In his Rules of the Sociological Method (1895) he raises the issue of a sociologist’s role in research. He claims that impartiality in observations is illusive and study of social facts done in correlation to other social facts and not according to the view of the person conducting the study 4 . Durkheim received criticisms from British scholars including Sir James Frazer who claimed that he never undertook any field research and that other anthropologists collected the data for him. 5 It is not that he disregarded empirical research but rather, upheld the ideal of grouping facts into types and laws. Alongside Herbert Spencer, he revealed the existence and quality of various segments of society referring to their functionality 6 . He developed the organic analogy that he used in co
Introduction Substantial quantities of clinical data characterize the healthcare field. Therefore, frequency distributions emerge as a viable option for data in summarizing data, as it is challenging to analyze them in raw forms. Uses of a Frequency Distribution A frequency distribution is used to describe two types of measures. These include the measures of variability and central tendency (Daniel & Cross, 2018). The frequency distribution is used in a variety of situations in the hospital setting. Inpatient Census Inpatient census is defined as the proportion of inpatients present in the hospital at a given time (Daniel & Cross, 2018). Most hospitals conduct an official count of patients at midnight since the census varies during the day as admissions and discharges take place. This count is known as the Daily Inpatient Census. The Daily Inpatient Census comprises any patient admitted and discharged on the given day. Figure 1. Turnover of patients on 2nd May. Length of Stay Length of stay (LOS) is usually computed after a patient is discharged. It is described as the number of days from the day of admission to the day of discharge (Daniel & Cross, 2018). However, the day of discharge is excluded. Total LOS is obtained by summing up the LOS of all patients discharged or who died over a given duration. Figure 2. The total length of stay. Safety-Related Measures The use of frequency distribution allows for the evaluation of safety-related measures such as risk stratification and subgroup analysis (Daniel & Cross, 2018). For instance, risk stratification constitutes classifying the population at risk based on a common variable, for example, wound class. Figure 3. Different wound classes in the hospital. Normal, Positive, and Negative Skews A normal skew is a phenomenon where a frequency distribution idealizes a normal “bell” curve. On the other hand, a positive skew occurs when the frequency distribution stretches out to the right. Lastly,
The word asceticism derived from the Greek word “askesis” that means “exercise” (2016introchristianity61.pptx). In other words, this is the type of lifestyle that is meant to exercise one’s soul and spirit. Asceticism assumes that the pleasures of the body are the obstacles on a monk’s way towards spiritual development. As a result, the desires such a hunger, sex drive, and even sleep are considered unacceptable for the ascetic practitioners of religion. The ascetic lifestyle of St. Anthony began after the death of his parents as he sold or gave away all of his material valuables to embrace the life of a hermit (Athanasius 4). St. Anthony was guided by the principle mentioned in the Gospel of Matthew that says “be not anxious for the morrow” (Matthew 6:34). As an ascetic, St. Anthony was purposeful about devoting himself to religious practice only and his lifestyle was to “keep all his desire and energy for perfecting his discipline” (Athanasius 4). The flesh is the only way for the devil to reach a man. In his description of St. Anthony’s life, Athanasius mentions that seducing the young man to give in to the earthly pleasures, the devil attempted to ruin his spirit and weaken his faith, distract him from prayers and his spiritual path (5). In the work, the devil refers to himself as the “spirit of lust”, and the “friend of whoredom” (Athanasius 6). Trying to seduce St. Anthony, he employs the demons who are, by nature, the deadly sins. Lust for the material pleasures is what forces the people to give in to the devil. Therefore, to fight him, St. Anthony engages in fasting, sexual abstinence, and prayers. The ascetic activities and the withdrawal from the world of seduction help the monks to resist the devil. That way, the fight against demons in the form of physical desires is the core purpose of the ascetic lifestyle. In other words, the role of the demons is to attack the monk testing his endurance, his devotion to the chosen religious path, and his faith. As mentioned by Athanasius, the devil as able to take various shapes in order to generate more and more obstacles and crucibles for a monk. Therefore, the primary difference between a monk and an average person is that the former is passionate about his religion and strong enough to resist the seduction of the devil and to pass the trial not many can handle. Asceticism is the key to a monk’s becoming an admired hero. The heroism of St. Anthony was his ability to withstand the attacks of the devil and defeat the demons. Overcoming lust is the monk’s way to grow stronger as a believer. Weakening the influence of his body over his mind, St. Anthony managed to direct all of his power to his spirit combating the evil. As St. Anthony succeeded in his devotion to God, the devil appeared before him admitting his defeat and saying “I am he who have so often troubled you and have so often been overthrown by you” (Athanasius 6). This interaction indicated the final stage of the making
Introduction The distribution for the Chromebook computers should be based on the traditional channels. It is not an expenditure product, so customers are not likely to buy a Chromebook spontaneously. Chromebooks may require future hardware and software maintenance, which is not always easy to conduct in foreign countries. They would be best distributed through the three channels, including retail networks, distributors, and the Internet. Retail Networks Retailers are one of the most used elements of distribution channels. The Google corporation acting as a producer may reach retailers either directly, or through a distributor. Retailers would be the ones who connect directly with customers. Currently, the corporation sells its products through Amazon, Walmart, Best Buy, Staples, and Office Depot. If Google interferes with retailer networks skipping distributors, it will have a better opportunity to get customer feedback. This channel is also beneficial for the sales process. Potential customers who do not have an idea of which computer to buy may search the store and ask for a consultant’s help. They might end up with buying the Chromebook even if they did not plan on it at the beginning. However, there is a risk that consultants will not promote Chromebooks due to their personal attitude to this product. Distributors Cooperation with distributors may become beneficial regarding the market expansion. Distributors may work with dealers and retailers, who cannot afford to work with the producer directly. The distributors’ role is identified as “the ability to provide products on demand, saving or minimizing the stocking burden on the part of its customers” (Dent 26). Not all retailers have the possibility to store large amounts of computers or pay for them in advance. For instance, Google can make a deal with the Ingram Micro corporation, one of the leading distributors of computers and technologies in the world. It will be fully the responsibility of Ingram Micro to ensure the product quality to its customers. The dealer network would be the second step after the distributors. It would benefit Google by helping to promote the Chromebook computers and support the company’s image. Dealers are responsible for supporting the final customers with services like computer maintenance, warranty repair, software installing, etc. Google will benefit from the scheme since dealers can work in any part of the world and it will give an opportunity to sell Chromebooks in other countries where it finds hard to operate directly. Internet Currently, Google has an option of buying Chromebooks through its website (“Chromebooks”). The feature is available to customers located in the USA only. This channel may be useful in several ways. Firstly, the
Introduction The history of Hinduism has not been clear for many years due to various reasons. The first reason is that the religion came into existence after the modern times. The second reason is that Hinduism comprises of many different religions which are under one supreme deity. The third reason is that the exact period of time when the religion began has not been traced. Some of the doctrines that define the religion have a history dating back to thousands of years ago. Although Hinduism lays much emphasis on adopting spirituality at a personal level, the history of the religion has a close relationship with political and social developments. Some of these developments include the appearance and disappearance of various kingdoms. As a result, it is not easy to trace the history of Hinduism and the Hindus are not concerned about the specific dates when the religion might have started (Klostermaier 10). History of Hinduism Hinduism is among world religions that have been in existence for a long period of time and one that is very complicated. Its history is not clear since the religion has no particular founder or theological background. It is believed that the religion came into existence when nomads from the Aryan Indo-Europeans moved into the northern part of India and started driving Harappans away. Hinduism is derived from Indus, which refers to an ancient river in India. The Aryans started assimilating the beliefs and cultural practices of the Harappans. Eventually, the two groups adopted similar religious beliefsand started living like one group. The Aryans worshipped many gods while the Harappansbelieved that there was need to sanctify fertility(Klostermaier 15). The Aryans introduced a system of ranking the society known as the caste system. This system grouped members of the society depending on their occupations. Those who were high in the caste system received more luxuries in life than those who were lower in the system. However, the system was declared illegal in 1948 but it remains valuable to the Hindu people as a way of grouping people into different classes. Hinduism has smaller subdivisions and comprises of many organizations and religious beliefs. Some of the Hinduism beliefs have spread into other countries and form the basis of various religions such as the Buddhism. Hinduism is the most popular religion in Nepal and India. It is also found in other regions outside India and Nepal with close to one million followers making it to be among the religions that have existed in the world for the longest period of time. However, despite the long history of the religion, there is no single definition because of the many practices and beliefs that are associated with it. In addition, the religion does not have a single founder or scripture and lacks teachings that have been agreed upon by all the followers. Defining Hinduism Hinduism is believed to have emerged in the 16 th century when people used the term to segregate themselves from other existing religions such as the Muslims. During this period, there was nothing elaborate that defined Hinduism apart. The religion was only characterized by a
Introduction The paper is a report based on the book titled, “A Peacock In The Land of Penguins” written by Gallagher Hateley and Warren H. Schmidt published in 2001 by Berrett-Koehler Publishers. It is worth noting that due to the concept of globalization coupled with new technological innovation the world has turned in to a global village. Globalization is characterized by free movement of capital, goods and services capital and more importantly human workforce. Thus, it is evident that at any given organization, there is a diverse workforce on the basis of varied cultural background. Similarly, diversity comes in other forms such as age, gender, education, race, religion, marital status, social status among others. It is a fact that a number of those who have worked in an environment predominated by a certain set of employees have experienced frustration due to resistance as well as the feeling that they are not accepted. Holding varied views, opinions and values from the majority warrants such an individual to be harassed, ignored or perceived to pretend that he/she know more. Additionally, it has been noted that innovation and very creative solutions do emerge from the least expected areas as well as individuals (Gallagher & Warren, 2001). Due to the fact that employees are the most valuable resource an organization has at its disposal to aid it achieve the predetermined goals and objective, there is need for the entire persons who make up the organization come out of their “penguin suit thinking”. There are indeed very strong positive or benefits brought forth by having a diverse workforce that is not only highly motivated and satisfied but are free to put into practice what they have in mind that can provide solution to existing problems. Additionally, employees in their quest to fully exploit their capabilities for the benefit of the organization do come across serious challenges. According to Sonnenschein, 1999 time and again the management through the branch managers call for recruitment of creative and fresh blood that will revitalize the way things are done. Once these individual, their ideas seriously sought after when tried to be put into practice, they are indeed seen to be a hindrance to how things were being done. It is worth noting that since organization are always full of the desires to be a household name in future, outwit their competitors and capture new market, side from other strategies, creating and nurturing an environment in the workplace in which employees’ creativity as well as innovation can thrive need to be highly prioritized. Summery The book addresses the issues relating to a diverse workforce. The book contains four major parts (a peacock in the land of penguins, tips and tools for feathered friend, ideas and examples for teaching penguins to fly and lastly additional resources for peacocks and penguins) each tackling different but closely linked topics. By using a story which is very interesting and mind catching,