ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction It is imperative to mention that businesses have to deal with numerous issues and complications. The situation is especially problematic when modifications to the products are required, and enterprises were not ready for dramatic changes. It would be reasonable to develop a set of approaches and compare their strengths and weaknesses like in this case. Discussion The first suggested alternative is to lower the price of the offered product. The issue is that it would be much more beneficial for enterprises to purchase seven and a half hp motors than ten hp ones because it would allow them to generate $38,25 in savings per every piece bought. Furthermore, the difference is quite significant, and it is especially problematic for large enterprises. Profit margins will be reduced significantly, and it is $292,2 compared to $697,2 before the changes, and such a situation should not be viewed as acceptable (Corey 6). It will be hard to maintain previous numbers because the company would have to sell three or more additional pumps for every oil well. Variable costs could be covered depending on the situation. The second suggestion was to make modifications to the seven and a half hp motor. The cost of manufacturing is expected to be close to $790 for every piece. Fixed costs also should be considered, and it is $50,49, and the cost of production increases to $840,49 (Corey 7). However, the price needs to be the same if the company wants the product to be competitive, and it is $1200. $359,51 in profits is expected in this case for every product sold. It is much better than the first suggestion, but it is lower than the earnings that the company had while selling an original product without a modification. Moreover, the implementation of other changes may also be quite problematic and would lead to additional expenses. The third option was to develop a unique product that was based on the requirements of the market. It would have the characteristics of a motor that is rated five. However, the starting torque could be compared to the one of a ten hp product. A $75000 investment should be acknowledged. The cost of production would be $665 and $50,2 in fixed costs, and it is quite similar to a 7,5 motor (Corey 7). Profits for every unit sold are expected to be $330, and it is lower than in other cases. However, this approach has several benefits that should be highlighted. First of all, it meets all the demands of the target market, and a company may get ahead of competitors. Also, five hp motors may be discontinued. The fourth approach was to influence executives or partner companies and to provide an explanation of why such results may be misinterpreted. However, the issue is that it is likely that they would
Introduction The book of Lewis Bernard is all about the changes that Muslim land and people faced throughout the Islamic World. The changes that led Muslims to lose their empire and lagging behind the West in every field in which Muslims once were in command. Lewis Bernard is said to be linked with the study of Islamic civilization, therefore the book focuses on all the gaps that despite being acknowledged by the Muslims were unable to be filled in an attempt to bring their civilization back. Author’s main purpose behind this book is to identify all those obstructions that remain unable for the Islamic World to be alleviated and the dream of ruling once again throughout the world could not be fulfilled. The method adopted by the author to measure the depth of the Muslim analysis with their perception determines the diagnosis of the Islamic World since its advent. In this context Muslims still question and analyze what really wasn’t right that made them suffer and lag behind the Barbarians, Jews and Christians. During the peak of the Muslim Empire, there was no nation comparable to the Muslims. Therefore it was their overconfidence that led them towards the threshold of destruction. Summary Bernard Lewis reviews the Muslims’ perception while examining the characteristics that made them realize they have lost the battlefield. The book is all about the failure of Muslims’ methods adopted in order to regain their strength towards the West, and the reaction aftermath realizing the failure. After realizing the scenario, Muslim modernizers worked in different aspects: They recognized their social, cultural and economic barriers, worked towards social equality, and worked towards secularizing the civil society. The efforts on the military level bought continuous disappointments for the Muslims. Though Muslims were reluctant to explore Western thought, which was determined to walk around new fields to defeat Muslims through the confrontation of the sixteenth century, but they believed somehow that there was no political and cultural possibility for an enriching confrontation between a secular and a religious world vision: two ways of perception, thinking, acting, creating, and knowing. Because Muslims believed that there is no military power greater than them on earth, in the 1500 era Military campaigns launched by the Muslims played very early a pre-eminent role in the caliphate, the sultanate, and all later so-called Islamic forms of government. The Ottoman Empire spread and expanded through Hungary, the Adriatic Sea, Transylvania and Moldavia. This presence ceased to expand at the beginning of the twentieth century when the Ottoman Empire, after a period of deterioration, finally expired. Ottoman Sultan, Egypt and Turks were the main players of military power. Muslim armies being victorious in the battlefields acquired weapons through various means and trade exchanges. Military forces had not undergone any major structural changes till the seventeenth century, when Europe was busy in war on one side wh
Introduction This report discusses the benefits that are accrued to companies that have embraced Data Warehousing as an information management tool. The report further looks into the details of the SAP data warehousing solution. Sap is a warehousing solution that is currently in use in many prominent organizations around the world and has proved very effective and efficient. This report considers some companies that have embraced this solution, highlighting how they implemented it and some benefits they have registered so far. Data Warehousing Data warehousing involves the collection and storage of information for a given organization in a computer database (Prabhu, 2004, p.1). The information collected is stored or preserved because it can later be used in by the organization especially in planning. All stored information is related to daily happenings in an organization and has some value i.e. can be employed to the benefit of the organization (Prabhu, 2004, p.140). Benefits of Data Warehousing Many organizations have spent a lot of money instituting data warehousing for a number of reasons. Data warehousing ensures that the organization remains steadfast and focused in transforming with the changing technology needs of the time (Hammergren, 1996, p 29). Basically, data warehousing is necessitated by changes in information technology. All organizations have to respond to changes in technology to maintain a competitive edge in their operations. Data warehousing contributes towards a competitive edge by preserving and enabling easy retrieval of historical data for decision making. In data warehousing, information is stored in an organized way that allows for easy retrieval and triangulating of the data when need for planning purposes. The array of data stored in the warehouse allows the management to focus on the company as a whole instead of focusing on an organization in terms of departments (Hammergren, 1996, p. 33). Through data warehousing, organizations data from different departments is stored centrally as opposed to each department managing its own files. The second benefit of data warehousing is the centralized database. A data warehouse provides an opportunity to have a consistent large amount of information stored under a centralized database. Centralized databases facilitate easier access to all kinds of information. The information is used to solve the organization’s problems towards profit maximization. Further, a centralized data base reduces the costs of computing (Bidgoli, 2004, p.63). Data in a centralized database makes it possible and easy for management to compile reports and analyze trends towards the formulation of policy and other b
Introduction The article is about research on a computer forensic tool that was carried out by Jens Olsson and Martin Boldt at Blekinge Institute of Technology. The two scientists came up with a prototype of an existing computer forensic utility that combines the output of other forensic utilities and displays it against a given timeline. In computer forensics, timeline analysis is time-consuming because each process investigated differs from the other. Data that is not relevant in one process may be crucial in another process in forensic investigations. This is the reason for manual investigations of timeline in forensic analysis. This process is time-consuming. There is a need for the development of a forensic tool that analyzes and filters the necessary information then displays the outcome in a timeline that is easily understood. The necessity to save time in computer forensic investigations is the basis of the tool that Olssen and Boldt came up with. It is called CyberForensics TimeLab (CFTL). The tool forms a kind of directory for all evidence gathered about time. The outcome is then plotted on a graph of the timeline. In doing so, forensic investigators analyze the timeline easily and quickly as compared to the existing forensic tools. An existing tool that is similar to the CFTL is the Forensic toolkit (FTK) that was created by Access Data. It analyzes different data just like the CFTL but does not display all the timestamp data in a way that makes work easier for the investigator. Olssen and Boldt tested the CFTL by giving it to several users then comparing its functionality to FKL. The results were positive and overwhelming. 12 tests subjects used the tool CFTL and FKL to solve a hypothetical forensic case. The case was solved in 14 minutes using CFTL and in 45 minutes using FKL. Case Project Questions that the woman should be asked are time and access-related. First of all the investigator should determine the location that the files found on her computer were meant to be and who has access to it. This can help in narrowing down other possible suspects in the case. The first question the woman should be asked is about other individuals with access to her computer. She should clearly define people with regular access to her computer and specifically those who have accessed it within the last month. This information helps in relating the list of individuals with access to the main source of files to the ones with access to her computer. The investigator should then determine how the woman can benefit from accessing the files found on her computer. Are they of any importance to her? If she is fired, who benefits the most? Is it an indi
Abstract Taxes are inevitable, and since their impacts on our clients, investment, and income are adverse, our company should create awareness on the various vehicles one can use to reduce taxation. The viable tax reduction vehicles include retirement plans such as traditional IRAs and Roth IRAs, financial planning techniques, and long-term investment holding period among others. Types of Vehicles Our Clients can use to Reduce Taxation Our clients are certainly subject to different forms of taxation such as income, capital gains, and estate taxes. Taxes have adverse cumulative impacts on our clients’ income and investments such as a reduction of expected returns. Therefore, our company should consider all forms of taxation when creating wealth, land, and financial plans for our customers. Fortunately, several vehicles do exist, that our clients can use to minimize their income, capital gains, and estate taxes as explained herein. Minimizing income tax Our clients can minimize their income taxes by opening personal controlled retirement accounts like an IRA; whereby, they can be contributing annually. An Individual Retirement Account (IRA) is a self-directed retirement account comprising of “certificates of deposit, treasury bills, mutual funds, bonds, stocks and other investments for which a holder of the account contracts on his or her own” (Buckner, 2010). Any income saved in a conventional IRA benefit forms income-tax exemption until when that money is withdrawn. Here, it is pertinent to note that, these monies are usually withdrawn when a taxpayer is in the low-tax bracket. These contributions will reduce one’s present taxable income. The monies put in an IRA are deducted from a worker’s income before it is taxed. It is then allowed to grow tax-free until the worker retires. IRAs are normally subject to various government regulations and limitations. However, unlike the employer-sponsored retirement arrangements, IRA contributions, although they are kept by an annuity or a trust, are usually under the full control of an individual account holder with regard to withdrawals and selection of investments (Buckner, 2010). Furthermore, small business owners and other self-employed individuals can take part in self-directed and self-sponsored retirement accounts. Financial planning methods are also effective in reduction of tax impacts for both estate and income taxes (Alesco Advisors, 2008). Prime examples of income tax planning methods that our clients can use include those that comprise of suspending and eliminating potential capital gains in appreciated property, letting one’s wealth accumulate without present income taxation and postponing taxation. Moreover, they can consider taking returns as capital gains, eliminating or reducing taxes, and transferring the tax burden to others (Hallman & Rosbenbloom, 2003, p.281). Our company should also ensure that our clients are making appropriate use of their income regulation deductions like stude
Introduction At first glance, the connection between church and army might seem as barely noticeable one. From values to demeanor, the overall environment of the two fields seems almost incompatible. However, on further analysis, certain connections between the two will be spotted. Both sere a specific and crucial purpose of protecting those in need, and both have a rigid code of ethics and a set of strong standards to uphold. Arguably, one could say that soldiers in the military might not need the church; however, in the setting as rigid and demanding as the military, the presence of an opportunity for spiritual growth is one of the essential options for supporting the soldiers’ morale. Therefore, by offering spiritual support and opportunities for spiritual development, a Christian chaplain will be able to improve the performance of soldiers and build a strong sense of loyalty and responsibility in them, thus, giving them a purpose. How my theology (from the upload book of worship) informs my identity and how that manifests in counseling others who share different beliefs. (Critique will be on integration, not what you believe) As a Christian chaplain of the United Church of Christ, I put an exceptionally strong emphasis on the importance of union within a community, in general, and the military, in particular. The specific core belief will allow me to encourage collaboration and cohesion in the target audience. As a result, the development of mutual support and the active acceptance of the relevant values, including the traditional Christian ones, such as empathy and responsibility, will become possible. Overall, the framework that my current theology provides will be suitable for building a strong sense of unity within the army, thus creating a support system where spirituality will be sustained through support and focus on relevant rituals and traditions. Thus, soldiers will be able to accept the critical values and beliefs, integrating them, into the very fabric of their spirituality. How The Army Profession Can Guide My Development as a Professional Pastoral Counselor Be
Climate variables Climate variables are the factors that relate to the classroom environment. These variables create a suitable environment for learning. The first climate variable is the learning setting. The classroom should be arranged in a manner that promotes learning. Charts which show the learning content of the subject should be hung in the classroom. Further, the students should be informed of the daily learning objectives and assignments. Based on this variable, Tony introduces the class by stating that “I’m going to write some words on the board and I want you to observe and compare them carefully. Then we’ll see if we can find a pattern in them. Okay?” (Pearson Education, 2010). He informs the students precisely on the objectives of his class. Secondly, there is a need to have reciprocated respect between the students and the tutor. This mutual respect is evident when the students respond to the Tony’s questions. He asks nearly all the students in the class a question and they all respond. Thirdly, safe environment motivates learning. Safe environment is displayed by the students’ ability to express their ideas freely without fear of being intimidated. This can be seen in the answers provided by the students. Such as, “He continues, “Look at the words I’ve written on the chalkboard. Tell me something about them. Sonya?”, “They’re all words,” Sonya responds. “Indeed they are,” Tony smiles” (Pearson Education, 2010). The answers do not relate to the topic of discussion but Tony builds on the answers provided by the students for a better understanding. The example above also shows that Tony created a friendly environment as he smiles at the answers provided by the students and carrying on with the lesson. This shows an encouraging teacher’s behavior. Finally, Tony enhances student synergy by involving all of them in understanding the topic throughout the class. Instructional variables Instructional variables revolve around increasing concern in learning activities. The first instructional variable is the introductory focus. It entails attracting the attention of students. The second variable is linking the topic to the students’ lives. It is evident as Tony chose the words the students use in daily life such as cut, get and tip among others. Thirdly, Tony involves all class members in the discussion. He directs the questions to students to respond. For instance, “Yes, excellent, Kathy. And what did we add to each of the words? Alysia?” (Pearson Education, 2010). Such active involvement of the students increases intrinsic motivation among them. At the end of the class, there is evidence that the students understand the objectives of the
Introduction During the Second World War, a number of scholars and writers came up with various writings to express their opinions, views, and standpoints. The Night, by Ellie Wiesel, is one such book that expresses the views of the writer. Life was unbearable during the Second World War, particularly in Germany whereby concentration camps existed. Wiesel describes the state of affairs in the Nazi concentration camps at Auschwitz and Buchenwald. Many people lost their lives, including property. Families broke up because family members had to be taken to different places. Others were unable to escape and found themselves in death camps whereby they could provide cheap labor without payment. This piece of writing revisits the works of Wiesel in the book titled Night. The paper summarizes the reasoning of the writer and goes a notch higher to analyze some of the themes in order to establish the relevance of the book to the modern political environment. In other words, the paper looks at the strengths and weaknesses of the book. Synopsis The writer explains that life in the concentration camps was unbearable. He wonders where God was when such injustices were mated out to the Jews. He concluded that God might have died because he could have intervened could he be alive. To the writer, life had taken a new twist meaning that the relationship between family members had changed. The writer complained that his father had burdened him since he had to take care of him in everything. This was a great challenge to the writer given that he was only sixteen years. In the concentration camps, family relations had no meaning. This is captured in a statement where the writer complained that if he could only eliminate his father since the old man was a form of a burden to him. However, he regretted using such string words on his father. In the book, the writer shows that life had taken a new twist meaning that moral values were no more. In the concentration camps, there were no fathers, no brothers, and no friends. In 1945, the writer reveals that the US liberated Buchenwald, even though it was late for his father who had already perished in the hands of Nazi. In the introduction, the writer gives a brief description of his life (Wiesel 35) He reports that he was born in a place referred to as Sighet, which is a town situated in a hill in Hungary. Before invasion, laws had been passed aimed at suppressing the Jews. Things got worse when Adolf and his men invaded Hungary. Wiesel was separated from his family a
The chapter that should be currently addressed in the Chapter Nine “Things Fall Apart: Product Liability and Consumers” of the second edition of the book by Joanne B. Ciulla, Clancy Martin, and Robert C. Solomon called Honest Work. So, the main story to be enlarged on is the one called “How We Got into This Mess” by Stanley J. Modic. The story focuses on the principles of cooperation and mutual relations that have occurred during recent years between the tort law and the liability insurance system being one of the main reasons for public criticism. The author analyzes the reasons for changes in the liability insurance system and the shift that took place in this system year over year. Liability insurance system has certain cycles and can face some crises as any other sector of human activity. So, the author claims that crises that took place in the liability insurance system and the tort law including their mutual operation were predictable. These crises brought changes in these systems and shifted the role of a person who is in fault and the injured one. These changes made both people eligible for getting an insurance payment. Thus, the author gives an example of the industrial objects that are not likely to bear their responsibility for producing something not in accordance with established standards that should be punished in accordance with the criminal law. Moreover, it is necessary to highlight the problem that appeared in the car-building sector being the main concern for people and creating a nice ground for mass-production of low-quality cars that could be easily damaged resulting in insurance paid to parties concerned. The cost of the insurance is another important problem that arises from the combination of tort law and liability insurance system. As only people with high income rate could afford purchasing insurance at the beginning, it was impossible for poorer people to buy insurance. Moreover, the costs that were paid out to the injured party were very low at the beginning which is also the reason for poorer people to have not bought insurances. The changes in the insurance system