ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Executive summary This report presents marketing mix that Rose Chocolatier will use in Brazil confectionery market as its target market. The company must use its marketing mix strategy with the price as the determining factor upon which other elements of marketing mix depend. Rose Chocolatier must recognise that Brazil is an emerging economy with most middle-class consumers; thus, its prices, products, and promotion strategies will appeal to such consumers. The company must also take into account factors related to potential risks and benefits when venturing into foreign markets. This means that all decisions must be of significant consequences as foreign markets are different from domestic markets. Product and target market description Rose Chocolatier has many varieties of dark chocolates made from finest organic and natural ingredients. The company has hand-dipped and moulded chocolate that are fresh and flavoured. The company has fresh chocolates daily. Some of the chocolate varieties Rose Chocolatier has include dark chocolate bark, milk chocolate bark, Pecan Toffee, Traditional Caramels, Hazelnut Gianduja, Dark Chocolate Ganache, White Chocolate with Lemon, Dark Chocolate with Scotch, and the Gift Baskets that consist of barks, toffee, peppermint bark, and truffles (Rose Chocolatier, 2012). Rose Chocolatier intends to venture into the international market with Brazil has the target market. Brazil is among the world’s emerging economies and consumptions of luxury products are on the rise. Brazil chocolate market has a wide range of consumers in which consumers below the age of 14 years accounted for 36.8 percent of confectionery consumption during the year 2008. Specifically, this age group accounts for 38.1 percent of the total chocolate consumed in the same period. Still, urban consumers are the highest consumers of chocolate products at 87.6 percent in the year 2008. Redruello notes “strong economic growth and increasing prices of export commodities have enhanced Brazilian consumers’ confidence” (Redruello, 2011). Consequently, confectionery industry has grown as demands for high added value luxuries have increased (Redruello, 2011). According to Euromonitor International, the industry experienced a growth of two percent in the retail sector in 2010. In addition, retail sales increased by seven percent from the year 2009 representing a growth of US $ 9.7 billion. Brazil mainly depends on exports to the EU zones. The trends show that the country’s export market is growing. Rose Chocolatier will find it cheap to use Brazilian sugar in its chocolate products than import from Australia. Brazil also has high birth rate. This is a factor responsible for the growth of confectionery industry. In 2010, the chocolate industr
The existence of any society depends on the efficient functioning of a number of institutions that provide the basis for the further evolution of various communities. In the course of its development, humanity has created and explored many different systems focused on the improvement of the quality of life and provision of the secure environment. In this regard, the modern society could be considered as the result of the cooperation of various institutions that limit the life of its members, care about their health, and provide some goal for the further development. Additionally, members of any society should be united around a certain ideology and moral that will differentiate them from any other community. Religion is one of the main factors that impacts the formation of this very ideology and moral. If to speak about this phenomenon, it performs a number of useful social functions. As mentioned above, religion has the great integrative power. It preserves and solidifies any society by introducing certain values and perspectives (Barkan, n.d.). People sharing the same religious interpretation could be characterized by strong interrelations and mutual supportiveness. This social cohesion is also conditioned by various rituals, institutions of worship, and customs ( Ten most important functions of Religion , n.d.). For instance, visiting Church every Sunday, community members become closer to each other and acquire the feeling of partnership and belonging to a certain social group. it the crucial function of religion as cohesion is one of the major concerns of any society. Provision of a specific system of values and beliefs is another essential function of religion. Any community should rest on several core principles that will limit its functioning and highlight the perspectives for its further evolution ( Some of the major functions of religion , n.d.). The moral is the phenomenon that impacts the formation of these principles. For this reason, religion is extremely vital as it contributes to the creation of a common ideology shared by all members of society and promotes the development of a collective identity (Campbell, n.d.). Additionally, the major goals of any society depend on the values it appreciates. That is why, creating the moral basis, religion also encourages the achievement of a certain purpose and stimulates people. Finally, this institution could also be considered the mechanism that creates strict limits aimed at the preservation of society. There are many examples from the past when church interfered the functioning of a state to punish people who acted not in accordance wit
Energy industry is evolving towards sustainability, ecological cleanliness, and resilience towards economic crises. It is slowly moving away from gas and oil as primary means of energy generation, with technology being developed to supply homes, vehicles, and factories with energy while keeping emissions and pollution to a minimum. Ohio is in a precarious position in regards to these emerging trends. On the one hand, its geographical positioning, with plenty of flatlands and sun-exposed areas makes it a perfect place for alternative energy sources, such as wind and solar energy. On the other hand, it has shale oil deposits in its vicinity. The first energy project in recent years has been announced in 2019. Keeler reports that a state-based initiative between Ohio and Shale Crescent USA will meet to develop strategies for innovation and ecological safety that would reflect better on the needs of business and local governments, rather than the overbearing federal regulations. The initiative is surmised to increase effectiveness of these efforts while creating jobs, generating tax revenue, and making things easier for Shale Crescent to operate drilling oil from shale deposits (Keeler). The initiative is promulgated by Bill Johnson, a republican senator from Marietta (Keeler). My opinion on this initiative is two-fold. On the one hand, closer cooperation with local authorities allows for faster reaction times and better oversight when compared to federal inspection, which operates in blanket terms for everyone without considering the situation on the ground. If successful, Shale Crescent project would provide of up to 70% of domestic gas demand for the US and 50% for Canada (Keeler). At the same time, shale drilling is associated with numerous ecological problems, ranging from pollution of the local
Introduction Understanding the factors that affect global finance and the issues associated with its integrity is intrinsic to any analysis of the changes that occur in the global economic environment. By scrutinizing the influence of foreign exchange volatility rates on global finance, one will be able to derive insightful and significant information about general operational trends and principles in the global economy. In ‘Measuring and managing economic exposure’, the eleventh chapter of his book Multinational Financial Management , A. C. Shapiro explains how foreign exchange volatility rates affect the analysis of global finance. Furthermore, the author explores some of the wide range of factors that determine the changes in global finance. By studying an extensive number of risks to which participants of global financial operations are exposed, Shapiro manages to create a clear and accurate portrayal of the subject matter. Aspects of Global Finance To handle the issues associated with operational exposure properly, a firm needs to assess the environment in which it operates. For instance, the key characteristics of the target market, including its saturation, the number and power of competitors, and other critical properties of the selected setting all have to be taken into account to prevent instances of financial loss (Shapiro 2014). Furthermore, the design of a viable pricing strategy is another challenging task that an organization has to complete when entering their chosen economic environment. For instance, as Shapiro notes, the levels of import competition within a particular market may have a significant impact on the latitude in pricing set by a domestic company. Therefore, an in-depth analysis of the market and its key properties has to be performed as a means of reducing financial risks. In the context of the global market, relating financial issues to other aspects of a company’s functioning is a critical step. According to Shapiro (2014), this proposed technique reduces the levels of risk. As the author explains, one factor that needs to be considered particularly closely is the extent of economic exposure to which an organization is subjected (Shapiro 2014). Thus, one will avoid a common mistake to which a large number of accountants are prone. Specifically, one needs to assess the levels of currency fluctuations and their effects on future cash flows (Shapiro 2014). This reduces the probability of risks ass
Introduction I have watched many movies in my life including those by Rainer Warner Fassbinder. However, Fassbinder’s “Fear Eats the Soul” stands out from the rest. Fassbinder has directed about 39 films, but this was his bests and most famous. This is a movie that was made in a span of four weeks. Fassbinder brilliantly uses melodrama to bring out the tensions that exist in the society, in particular, racial prejudices. The two couples in this movie are not only fighting societal prejudices, but also their own prejudices. He uses this movie to tell his audience that happiness is not only gained if the society or other people approve it, but it takes one’s responsibility to achieve it. He uses a romance that is unconventional to the Germany settings. However, just when the society is beginning to accept this romance, the two lovers start struggling to hold their romance together. This movie features Emmi, a widow in her mid years who meets and falls in love with Ali who is more than ten years her junior. Right from the start, these two are depicted as outsiders. Their love eventually culminates into marriage, a marriage that leaves Emmi’s family and friends in shock. Ali’s friends and fellow works are also shocked by the news. This therefore, presents not just an outside problem, but also an inner problem that these two lovers must address in order to save their relationship. From the surface the film looks simple, but it is not simplistic. It reveals Fassbinder’s artistic prowess which he uses to clearly bring out the social politics in the society. In a way it portrays Fassbinder’s personal life that was filled with complexities (Rothbauer 1). The film begins with a flash of the words “Happiness is not always fun”. These words show what the movie is all about, the fluctuations that accompany the pursuit and maintenance of happiness. This seems misleading to some extent because the film has a lot of fun. It has a straightforward storyline, characters who engage the viewers, and a playful visual style. These starting words also serve to show where the movies originated. They were used in 1970 movie by Fassbinder, “The American Soldier”. It is said that Fassbinder wrote the screen play of this movie after his 1973 romantic thriller. However, it is said that this movie was remade fro Sirk’s “All That Heaven Allows”. Sirk was Fassbinder’s film hero and therefore, it is not strange for these two films to share the same storyline (Fear 1). The superb performances from the film’s characters especially from Ali and Emmi, gives the film great power and appeal. Ali is portrayed as
The world has goals in different sectors, which include economic, health, transport and communication among others. The international health goals have led to gains in human life expectancy over the years; however, there are still inequalities in health considering that there is still persistence in the differences between the rich and poor. As the processes of globalization are taking place they bring effects to the health and lifestyle around the world; this is because the processes have an impact on the health and lifestyle determinants. This paper will discuss how globalization affects health and lifestyle. Health policies are among the determinants of health, both locally and internationally, and this has been realized by those in global governance. World organizations such as the World Bank and the World Health Organization influence the formulation of health related policies, according to these organizations, good health is important for economic development (Huynen, Martens, and Hilderink, 2005). Therefore, these international organizations support policies that alleviate health in low-income countries, for instance in 1999, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank came up with a policy to reduce poverty in such countries. The policy has an effect on health and lifestyle of the people; when poverty is alleviated more people eat well balanced meals, which keep away nutrition related diseases. Also, more people seek professional medical health, and this reduces death caused by diseases and conditions that can be corrected. An organization such as WTO, through its trade policies, it can influence health around the world or vulnerable areas; in 2002, WTO supported the ban on importation of products that contained asbestos (Huynen et al, 2005). Such policies affect health because the citizens in the area are protected from health risks posed by asbestos. International Economic development also has an effect on health and lifestyle; however, this depends on one’s view about global economic markets. According to optimists, global markets promote economic growth and security, and this, in turn, affects the health of the people. Optimists believe that globalization reduces the level of inequalities between and within nations; some countries or people within and between nations can be richer through globalization, but the level of absolute poverty between and within them is reduced, which affects health and lifestyle of those living in poverty in a positive way. Om the other hand, According to pessimists, economic markets exclude other nations from economic growth dynamics, and those excluded may not be successful like others, and this might affect their health and lifestyle. Global trading system and markets increase trade across the world, and those countrie
Enterprise architecture can be defined as the developed scheme for business activities and IT capabilities revealing the standardization and integration requirements of the organizational operating model (Enterprise Architecture Center, 2010). In this regard, the information system is viewed as more as a strategic exercise, rather than a technical one. It explains the roles and contributions made by IT structures (Enterprise Architecture Center, 2010). However, this vision is not consistent with existing organizational policies that increase productivity and introduce advanced levels of management. On the contrary, the main aspects of the presented model can discourage social interaction within an organization, misinterpret the role of IT in advancing company’s productivity, and create problems with the decision-making process. While evaluating social and technical gaps as presented by Enterprise Architecture Center (2010), one should note that it fails to define accurately the role of IT in carrying out business. Particularly, introducing the best technological novices cannot be considered as the most effective IT strategy. The point is that managers should strike the balance between IT advancement and training programs introductions to reconcile knowledge management and technological side. In this regard, organizational issues should be tackled equally with the technological ones, being more concerned with effect that software and automation process have on organizational behavior and development (Nobel, 2010). Similar problem is connected with organization management and role of software in knowledge management. According to Jenkins et al. (2005), the effectiveness of enterprise architecture systems relies on three pillars: content management, collaboration, and culture. The latter is missing in interpretation provided by Enterprise Architecture Center (2010), where primary emphasis is focused on advancing information-based systems rather re-shaping organizational behaviors with regard to the on-going changes. The majority of managers firmly believe that introducing changes and encouraging technology advancement can solve their organization problems, particularly the pitfalls of a decision-making process. In this respect, Nobel (2010) asserts, “[t]echnologies that make the acquisition of information easier at the lower level of the hierarchy are association with a decentralization of the decision-making process” (n. p.). Despite rapid development of communication technologies which, to some extent, promote problem-solving, technology is still evaluated within one dimension that disregards i
Introduction BSIMM (Building Security in Maturity Model) and OpenSAMM (Software Assurance Maturity Model) are the two frameworks that are designed to protect certain software and are used predominately by companies or other organizations. It is essential to differentiate the given models and understand their primary functions to implement them appropriately in various situations. The following paper is intended to discuss and determine how the adoption of either BSIMM or OpenSAMM might improve an organization’s overall security posture. OpenSAMM It is necessary to state that there is no unique model for every company. Nevertheless, OpenSAMM is designed to assist organizations of various sizes (from small to large) as its system is flexible and gives customers an opportunity to implement it at any level of development (Merkow & Raghavan, 2010). The primary resources offered by OpenSAMM aim at the points listed below:   * Evaluation of existing software security processes used by an organization (Chandra, 2008)   * The building of properly balanced and optimized security assistance programs   * Demonstrating significant improvements to the program of security assurance   * The identification of an organization’s various activities is somehow related to software security. OpenSAMM might contribute and improve an organization’s overall security posture by the fact that it can be implemented by an entire company, a separate business line, and even a minor individual project at the same moment (Chandra, 2008). Such activity gives workers the ability to perform their primary responsibilities without being concerned about the safety of their software or files. To obtain a better idea of the model’s philosophy, it would be proper to list the principles that were considered by people who contributed to its development, which are the following:   * The behavior of any organization has a tendency to change over time. Therefore, SAMM is designed to maintain software security for an extended period in unpredictable conditions.   * There is no design that would address the needs of every company (Mijnhardt, Baars, & Spruit, 2016). According to this statement, SAMM focuses on the flexibility of its services and gives users an opportunity to set their own standards or options.   * Every security activity must remain simple to use. This factor is sometimes crucial as users might spend more time on setting the model, instead of making it useful for their projects from the first seconds of using it. As it is mentioned above
Introduction William Shakespeare, the famous writer and poet referred to the world as a stage where all of us are merely players (Dimitrova, 2002). These words seemed to be sophisticated because of the difficulty in understanding what he really meant. However, as time has passed by, the words have become clearer to us. The world has become very informed. There is a smooth flow of information from one corner of the world to the other. At the same time, the boundaries that separated nations are now permeable. People travel easily from country to country. At the same time, the production of goods and services has also expanded. The world has a variety of goods and services from which a consumer can choose from to ensure that he/she can get maximum satisfaction. Lastly, the economy of the world has grown and expanded beyond the physical borders. Countries from far and wide can now trade with one another at ease. With the advancements in technology, a person in South America can strike a deal with another one in Russia without the two of them coming into physical contact. The question that comes into mind is what makes all these possible. What makes the world to operate at a global scale? Who controls it? Who sets the rules that governs it? Many people have been asking themselves these questions so that they can understand how the global economy now operates. These factors are effective at all the corners of the world; affecting every aspect of our lives. A simple word has been used to describe all this; Globalization. It is due to the effec