ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Why is explaining unemployment difficult for economists? Some economists consider explaining unemployment difficult as it directly depends on the volatile economy that affects the labor market’s surpluses and shortages. In their turn, the latter is to be corrected by a pricing mechanism. According to Kling, what divides economically trained people from economically ignorant people? Kling (2008) reckons that economically trained people and economically ignorant ones are distinguished by the ability to see opportunities: where the first notice economic growth, the second pinpoint destruction of jobs. In particular, non-economists tend to argue that foreigners are stealing their jobs, while economists comprehend that better efficiency would not cost jobs. The most important thing to understand about macroeconomics, and the most important thing you could take from this class, is that increased productivity, whether from international trade or from innovation, is a good thing for an economy. Kling points out several ways and reasons that the economically uneducated (and even some educated) fear productivity gains. Explain the following:  1. Why increased productivity and trade are good things for the economy?  2. What the job loss fallacy does not understand?   * Both increased productivity and trade are regarded as beneficial for the economy due to the potential ability to move labor resources from one sector that experiences productivity exceeding demand to those that encounters prevalence of demand over productivity. This approach benefits both an employer and an employee to increase and maintain productivity and to keep his or her job, respectively.   * The fallacy is that people confound gross job losses with net job losses. This means that there is actually no job scarcity in many cases and no need to be afraid of productivity gains. Why do firms adjust by cutting jobs instead of lowering wages? (Only explain the most important reason) The organizations prefer to adjust by cutting jobs instead of lowering wages because of the inappropriateness of wage cuts caused by changing nature of the economy and limitation of opportunities to increase productivity as a result of the demoralization of workers. What does Kling recommend the government do about unemployment? The monetary policy is recommended to be implemented by the government. This action is beneficial to provide the required adjustment and enhance the existing structural imbalance through raising prices comparative to wages that, in turn, is likely to decrease unemployment rates. Why is it politically easy to bailout a failing industry but economically a bad idea? On the one hand, a bailout of a failing industry can be regarded as easy in political terms as such business is visible and well-organized. On the other hand, in the context of the economy, it is a poor idea to conduct the bailout due to its changing nature involving both human and physical capital. Government interventions impede what feature of the economy? H
Introduction The Chinese culture has a thousandth history and embodies the traditions and religious beliefs of the Chinese people. The Metropolitan Museum of Art exhibits a beautiful collection of the Chinese household items, the décor objects and other artifacts. The aim of this essay is the describe one of the objects displayed by the museum. The Main Body The Chinese collection by the Metropolitan Museum of Art consists of a number of interesting cultural artifacts. In this essay, I am going to describe one of them, a porcelain dish decorated with the traditional Chinese ornament. The dish is round shaped and it is rather deep. The size of the object is 4.8 cm in height and 23.8 cm in diameter. The design is traditional Chinese with the decorations depicting the dragon and the lotuses. The prevailing colors are blue and white. The elements are emphasized with black lines. The dish can be referred to the Jingdezhen ware. It is made of the porcelain decorated under the transparent glaze [1] . The porcelain is the traditional medium of the Chinese ware. “China is the hometown of porcelain and the invention of porcelain was China’s great contribution to the world civilization” [2] . The Chinese culture is saturated with the symbolism, which has a long history. The Ancient Chinese people believed that the symbols had the impact on the subconsciousness of people. It was considered that the system of conformances in the national symbolism indirectly influenced the behavior of people. In the Chinese culture, the dragon symbolized the wisdom, energy, and strength. It was a very positive sign and represented the nobleness and greatness. According to the legend, the dragon lived in the water but had the ability to float in the air. It is still one of the most important symbols in the Chinese culture. Lotus is another popular symbol in the country. We can also see that its flowers take the central place in the dish’s decoration as well. The lotus is the symbol of purity and beauty. Due to its natural ability to unfold with the sunrise, it is considered to be the symbol of the revival and new life. “The lotus was a rare water plant of imperial and private gardens in the past times, and in modern scenic gardens, it is even more favored and extensively planted” [3] . The dishes similar to the one described above were used as the part of the table set. The porcelain was expensive enough. Probably, the dish described in the essay belonged to the wealthy family. The object is dated to the XVI century. Conclusion In order to sum up all above mentioned, it should be said that the Chinese culture has a long history. The dish displayed by the Metropolitan Museum of Art represents the Chinese culture of the XVI century. It was made of porcelain, which was the traditional medium of the Chinese ceramics. The symbolism plays a crucial role in the national culture. The dragon is the symbol of the greatness and nobleness, whereas the lotus is considered to be the symbol of purity, beauty, and revival. Overall, the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art is rather interesting and helpful for the stud
Creating the website development strategy This stage of the process involves developing a “vision” for the website in terms of what is its specific purpose for the company (i.e. will it sell products or merely present information regarding the company itself). This stage of the process involves analyzing what must be put in, what functions must be present and to what specific category of internet users must the website appeal to. Translating the website development strategy Translating the development strategy involves the creation of an effective framework of approach regarding how the idea for the website can be implemented in reality. This comes in the form of developing the conceptual framework for the website, creating teams to implement the intended functions and information that should be present as well as outlining specific deadlines for task completion. Aligning the organization This stage of the process involves aligning the company in such a way that it incorporates the new website into its operational framework. For instance, in the case that the company is developing the website to sell its products, this involves implementing a back system that seamlessly incorporates an order with warehouse operations, delivery service as well as customer service to deliver the product to the customer. Without such a system in place, chaos ensues which shows the need for proper organization alignment for online operations. Planning operations This stage of the process involves focusing on how the entirety of the website should function; who should monitor and be responsible for it, as well as determine what teams of individuals should be in charge of online market promotions, information posting, social media and other similar tasks that are an aspect of website development. Monitoring, learning, testing and adapting new processes This stage of the process involves examining the operations of the website in real-time and determining whether adjustments need to be made here and there to manifest optimum performance in website operations Starting the Web Journey This is the end of the project life cycle and involves normal website operations. Three Levels of Planning In this particular example, the three levels of planning complement one another to create a more competitive framework for the company. For example, in the case of corporate-level strategy, this involves the vision of the company for its operations while business strategy involves tactics to gain a competitive advantage. In this case, an online website acts as a means of manifesting the company’s corporate strategy (ex: become the number 1 bed and bathroom supplier) with its business strategy of staying ahead of the competition by selling online directly to consumers. Combining this with a functional strategy in the form of online marketing and advertising campaigns shows how the different levels of planning complement one another in this strategy. Teams and Teamwork As indicated by Thanhain (2005) four characteristics are in demand within a technology-oriented enterprise (in this case an enter
The poem “Pieces” is written as a free verse to honour my mother with the focus on expressing all the sadness, frustration, hurt, and anxiety associated with her death in poem’s lines. Thus, sadness and anxiety are the main attitudes connected with the subject of the poem, but it is also important to note that I choose to hope for better because of feeling the mother’s invisible protection. Moreover, the reader can understand the attitude with references to the changes in the poem’s tone which is melancholic in the first lines and rather optimistic in the ending lines in order to represent my attempts to convince myself and to concentrate on the idea that I can cope with the loss in spite of being broken to pieces, being alone and abandoned. The poem is a free verse where rhythm and rhyme are not followed and lines are of different length to present the flow of my thought. Moreover, the stream of my consciousness is accentuated with the help of enjambment to represent my thoughts about the mother’s death as a flow. To accentuate the repetitive symbols and thoughts, I use different types of repetition. Thus, I use anadiplosis to accentuate the key moments for my recovery, “I hope to win / Win to fulfill her dreams”. Moreover, I use anaphora to add more emphasis on my feelings, “I can feel the walls around, I can feel her protection”. In addition, I am inclined to make the impression more intensive while using parallelism in constructions to discuss my mother’s loss and my loss. From this perspective, I choose to focus more on the complicated syntax of the poem in order to represent my feelings and emotions, and the form of a free verse contributes to my attempts to present my thoughts in lines as they appear in my mind and reflect my feelings. Alliteration serves me to express my feelings more vividly and to draw the readers’ attention to the crucial stages in my process of coping with the loss. Thus, at the first stage, I am in grief and Januarys are “crystal cold catastrophic”. However, now I hope to feel the protection and support of my mother because she is in “winds, whispers, waves of songs”. The obvious symbol in my poem is the cold January, and the main image is an angel. Thus, January is associated with the death and my frozen heart which is broken to pieces, and the angel is associated with my mother. From this point, I use the metaphorical simile while focusing on the “strength and wisdom of an angel” characteristic for my mother. One more point to consider is that although I use the open form, I choose to rhyme such li
In contemporary business arenas, leaders should ensure their organizations have orchestrated teams. Orchestrated teams are determined, focused, and organized to meet the needs of their organization; to develop winning teams, managers need to understand team dynamics. In the case of CheapasChips, the previous management leadership style had ignored the need to have strategic business management policies that looks into all areas of an organization (MeShane, Olekalns and Travaglione, 2020). This report discusses the risks the business is facing as well as the management/leadership approach that should be developed for a winning business. Risk management The company has a policy of selling its products at low margin and benefit from economies of scale, as far as the strategy is good and has assisted the company this far, there is risk in the event it moves to highly competitive areas where enjoyment of economies of scale will be limited. Another risk that the company has is the youthful and untrained employees, the personnel might not be effective enough to benefit the company in the long run. To mitigate against the risks, the management has the role of ensuring that instead of price cutting approach, it adopts a cost effective management approach. Secondly the management should invest in effective human resources management; effective human resources management will involve training of staffs and ensuring they have skills that can add value to the company. Leadership style The leadership skills adopted at CheapasChips takes the shape of dictatorial leadership; under the leadership appro
Introduction Corporatism, socialism and capitalism are the main economic systems in global operations today. Socialism is defined as public ownership and control of resources. On the other hand, capitalism is private ownership and control of resources. Corporatism is described as an economic system that allows private ownership and political influence. The difference between corporatism and capitalism is based on economic circulation and role of organizations in a given state. Various scholars have outlined benefits associated with corporatism, while others have criticized its economic system. Despite the fact that corporatism fosters individualism, political connection is a key to be taken into consideration. The paper will focus on reviewing existing literature concerning issue of corporatism. Acknowledgements and critics of corporatism will be reviewed. Case studies that have been presented by different scholars in regard to corporatism will be analyzed. Most scholars describe economic transition as the one started with socialism then capitalism and finally corporatism. Despite the fact that capitalism is associated with more economic benefits, corporatism is widely accepted in most states. Literature Review According to Phelps and Zoegav (2013), corporatism fosters private ownership of resources and protects interests of some people. As a result, gap between rich and poor is likely to broaden in countries that promote corporatism. Based on article written by Phelps and Zoega (2013), corruption is legalized by corporatism systems. Corruption is perceived not as an effect of corporatism, but rather as its specific feature. Since operations of corporatism allow intervention of government in management of privately owned resources, economic prosperity is enjoyed by industries with higher political connection. The scholars attribute recession and economic stagnation as common processes in most states, especially those in Europe which are governed by corporatism systems (Phelps and Zoega 2013). Concern is given to large unions and organizations, while the less powerful activities are ignored. Phelps and Zoega state (2013) that corporatism promotes innovation which is aimed at economic prosperity. There are those firms that governments favor and support, thereby giving them economic advantages over the other companies in the industry. As a result, emerging businesses that are less supported should be innovative following the basic directions set by firms that have prospered. In this regard, policies are manipulated in a way that allows unfair market competition that leads to economic crises. However, corruption is less influential than economic rigidity and inequity in corporatism system are. Huge returns and profits are enjoyed by firms, which have a connection with political governance of a state. According to Labeit (2011), innovation based on economic trends is
The Christ as the Good Shepherd is a marble statue nearly one meter (3 ¼ ft) high dating back to 300-350 AD. It is not often seen outside the Vatican Museums; however, even photographs of this statue are enough to amaze the observer’s imagination. However, the value of this statue lies not only in its beautiful appearance. The purpose of this essay is both a description and analysis of this work of art and its place in the culture of the ancient world. The statue depicts a young shepherd carrying a sheep on his shoulders. Firstly, the observer’s attention is captured by the young face of the shepherd, which is turned to the animal. The shepherd holds the animal by the legs, firmly, but carefully, and the sheep itself rests against his head, covered by long hair (“Christ as the good shepherd,” 2017). The details with which the wool of the sheep and the curly hair of the boy are filled deserve recognition. It can’t be said that they are made with photographic accuracy; however, both the hair and the wool look very soft and curly, even though they are made of cold marble. The next object that the observer’s gaze falls on is the clothing of the shepherd. It is a simple tunic, the only addition to which is the shepherd’s bag thrown over his shoulder. However, the quality with which this tunic is made deserves special attention. The creator of this statue was able to create from hard marble an image of airy and lightweight fabric that carelessly hangs from the shoulder of the young man, gathering in light folds. Following the classical traditions of plastics and proportions, the body of the young man is executed with impeccable accuracy and detail, in full accordance with all the rules of traditional art. Finally, the sculpture ends with the bare feet of the young man standing on a round platform (“Christ as the good shepherd,” 2017). Looking at the statue again, one can note its simplicity, but at the same time elegance. This sculpture is not in vain, located in the Vatican Museum, and is exhibited on rare occasions only at exhibitions in Rome. This statue was made in Rome near the end of the Roman Empire (“The Good Shepherd”, 2017). It originates from the famous theme in Christianity of comparing God’s care for people with a shepherd who cares for his sheep. In the parable of the sheep and the shepherd that Jesus tells, it says that when the shepherd found his lost sheep, he laid it on his shoulders and rejoiced. This tale served as the basis for many works of art, so we can safely assume that these lines might have served as inspiration for this statue. The theme of a shepherd and a sheep was prevalent in classical art and was widely met even in everyday life. Since there is no explicit knowledge about the origin of this sculpture, one cannot discard the option that it is merely an image of a peaceful scene from rural life (“John 10, The Good Shepherd”, 2017). A similar image also existed in the pagan culture of the ancient Greek cult. Often the symbols
It is necessary to mention that numerous approaches that would help to maintain the image of the company and avoid possible risks have been developed over the years. Fraud deterrence is particularly interesting because it is believed that an enterprise should take all the necessary measures to ensure that scam is prevented. The concept has gained popularity over the years because there have been many firms that took advantage of their clients. NerveWire has to deal with numerous difficulties, and system integration is an area that is considered problematic in this case. Moreover, it would be beneficial to apply the principles of the fraud triangle to attract more customers. The theory suggests that one of the factors that could influence the behavior of workers should be eliminated, but it would be beneficial to address all the areas to achieve the best results. One of the most significant aspects that should not be overlooked is that employees are pressured to participate in such activities because of the financial situation. It is necessary to understand that the number of workers in the company is rather small, and it would not be a hard task to monitor all the activities. On the other hand, it is nearly impossible to control all the activities. Furthermore, it is important to establish a supportive atmosphere, and well-developed policies are also crucial. Employees should be aware that they are valued by the enterprise, and they should be provided with numerous opportunities for personal development. Another aspect that needs to be highlighted is the rationalization. The problem is that some employees may think that such an approach is reasonable, and they should take advantage of the opportunity to commit fraud. However, it is paramount to focus on the education of employees and discuss severe complications that may occur. A system that accepts reports also needs to be established. The issue is that many workers may be afraid to deliver such information because they are worried that it may affect their reputation, but they should understand that it may hurt the organization. Opportunity is also present in the company, and this issue needs to be resolved. Current internal controls may not be viewed as efficient, and the enterprise may consider the development of new strategies. Some of the information may be falsified if an individual abuses his or her position within the firm. Furthermore, it would be useful to integrate a system that would keep track of all the funds and activities. Need to hire professionals in th