ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The most distinct feature that the songs “People Get Ready” by Curtis Mayfield and Bob Marley’s One Love”, is the message that they are trying to communicate to the audience. Bob Marley talks about one love and one heart for all mankind. He preaches for love and peace between everyone irrespective of the differences we may have. Curtis Mayfield’s song on the other hand is talking of people going to a better place where there is peace and serenity without any baggage from their lives. It talks of a train where people get in without any tickets i.e. discrimination of any sort as it also picks passengers from coast to coast (every race). The connection that exists between these two songs is the motivation for their composition. Curtis Mayfield and Bob Marley are both Jamaicans and they lived in Kingston at a time when the biggest percentage of the population lived in the slums. Apart from being bogged down by unemployment, the people were also divided and there were rampant gang wars between them. (BobMarley.com,2008). There was a need for hope for the poor hopeless and the warring factions needed to live in peace with one another. The two artists also composed the songs in a place where Rastafarianism had taken root. This was a big influence on the kinds of songs that they produced, mainly addressing social issues. Marley’s song does not exactly come across as a copy of Mayfield’s song. The Lyrics are worlds apart, though there may be a connection in the message they are passing across. Apart from that, the influences that may have made them compose the songs are common and can only be attributed to Mayfield. Sampling is the act of “electronically copying bits of sound from another artist’s recordings” (Sheila Rule, 1992). Brandon describes it as
The decision to stop the production line and make the changeover is not appropriate for the company because the production process is almost finished, and only one week is needed to complete the standard run (Munter, 2009). If the changeover is realized, this specific switch can affect the whole process, and there are no guarantees that the line will work effectively. Instead, there are risks that the employees, who have not performed the changeover for six months, can experience significant difficulties while working with the custom order and returning to the standard run. As a result, it is possible to expect increases in production costs, delays, and customers’ dissatisfaction. In order to redesign the production line, the company can need more resources and more time than it is predicted; therefore, risks are rather high, and they should be taken into account. Those customers who will not receive their orders on time can choose another company to complete the work because the main principle of this firm is the on-time provision of good services at low costs. Dialectical Inquiry On the one hand, it is possible to agree that the company should focus on completing the standard run in order to address the needs of regular customers. The advantages of such an approach are stability, customers’ loyalty, and the high quality of the produced items. Still, it is also important to pay attention to the fact that this position has disadvantages. The reason is that the company ignores the opportunity to attract new customers and improve the production process with the focus on optimization. Therefore, on the other hand, it is possible to discuss the positive aspects of accepting the order from the large customer because this experience is important to attract larger clients, modernize the production line, and receive more profits. Moreover, premiums for providing the customized services are higher than premiums for standard orders (Munter, 2009). Furthermore, it is important to note that the required changeover can be made easily, and the company will receive a good chance to improve its procedures. Individual Decision In order to make a reasonable decision, it is necessary to analyze the situation with reference to possible strengths and weaknesses of two options. First, it is important to refer to the previous experience associated with making the changeover and analyze what resources are necessary to perform it effectively (Munter, 2009). Second, the focus should be on assessing positive and negative outcomes of accepting the large customer’s order. The question to ask at this stage is whether it is possible to complete standard and custom orders simultaneously and satisfy the needs of all clients, as well as to contribute to increasing profits. From this point, the proposed decision is the adjustment and organization of the production process with the focus on completing both tasks without delays. As a result, the other questions to ask are the following ones: (a) How can the standard production line be improved to reduce the time necessary for completing orders for mid-sized customers? (b) What resources are necessar
Introduction The “World Wide Web”, also (WWW), resulted from a defence project in the US that aimed at facilitating data sharing and sustaining communiqué in event of a nuclear attack.NSF “National Science Foundation” received mandate to oversee the project, named internet. The later oversaw the development of this project that evolved into internet that the public can utilize upon granting of permission (Grant & Meadows, 2006). No person is individually responsible for development of WWW; the idea to connect computers and disseminate information was natured over a lengthy period. The WWW offers different computers to share information. For data conveyance there is a protocol in place that enables the transfer of data without a snag. “Hyper text transfer protocol” (HTTP) is the foundation of data conveyance on web. The route defines the format used to put across data. Http belongs to no nation and is object oriented. WWW, also web, was initially utilised to link computers and share information using hypertext (Ceruzzi, 2003). Consequently, the web became internet’s most admired application. The internet served as a fort of information and in petite time, it completely modified the business world. Internet altered the traditional business norms, resulting in emergence of new commerce practises. The revolution linked to use of internet made most organization realise that it was worthwhile investing in technology. The rapid development of internet coupled with its acceptance has resulted in the utilisation of web applications known as “Web-Enabled Technology” WET. “Electronic data interchange” (EDI) EDI refers to the “exchange of information between computers given a specific format”. Transportation of configured data is through telecommunication means or a storage gadget. Electronic data swap is a distinct WET as data can only be receivable on a computer. Telegraphic communication was the pioneer in e-data transfer. The data format was very crucial as it enable sharing of data among incompatible telecommunication devices. By allowing computer to share data, EDI has transformed various business procedures. The most significant transformation due to EDI has been the simplification of the tedious and lengthy business procedures. This has not only simplified organization procedure but also reduced greatly the time required to execute a transaction. Overall, the greatest effects of EDI have occurred in the business world. Sales and purchase departments have witnessed far- reaching transformation as all the transactions became paperless. EDI implements three things; it facilitates the speedy accomplishment of a transaction efficiently. Second was formatting the data to the etiquette’s requirements. The final step encompasses conveying the information to a receiving computer. The above steps managed to transformed business transaction to “paperless trading”. EDI has resulted in expansion of businesses, it is therefore imperative that standards are set to ensure common ground exist for data communication.
Introduction The ancient pyramids are part of the Seven Wonders of the World. The pyramids are huge and really wonderful to look at. The greatness of these huge structures does not just lie in their size but also in the architectural exactness with which they were constructed. It is a wonder that over time the modern man has found some of the most amazing geometry relationships in the dimensions of these great structures. This essay will make an attempt to bring into light some of the greatest wonders of the great pyramids including its geometry as depicted in the Great Pyramid. Background Information Simply defined a pyramid has a rectangular base and four triangular sides which are joined together to form a trapezoidal. In detail, it is “a monumental structure constructed of or faced with stone or brick and having a rectangular base and four sloping triangular (or sometimes trapezoidal) sides meeting at an apex (or truncated to form a platform)” (Pyramid 1). There are pyramids all over the world but this essay concentrates on those found in Egypt. In ancient Egypt, pyramids were used as funeral edifices. It has been reported that they were built over a period of approximately 2, 700 years from the beginning of the “old kingdom to the close of the Ptolemaic period” (Pyramid 1). It has been pointed out that the climax of the pyramid construction was at the beginning of the third dynasty up to the sixth dynasty (Pyramid 1). Elsewhere, it has been pointed out that at the beginning of the third dynasty the pyramid was constructed with the sides being of several steps. During the fourth dynasty, the true pyramids were constructed. The true pyramids were an improvement of the several steps pyramid. The true pyramids did not have steps on their sides but rather were smooth. It has been pointed out that the pyramids have displayed sharp depictions of Pi. It is not yet understood how the Egyptians came up with this knowledge only that it is assumed they must have used drums to enable them to make some calculations (Tour Egypt 1). Construction of the Pyramids It has been reported that the construction of a pyramid was a huge work. Physical orientation and layout were only carried out after extensive planning had been done. Before construction would start there had to be plans drawn by some specialists. It is believed that models of the pyramids were made to aid in the construction process. It is said that when construction started it had to be initiated with a foundation ritual (Winston 1). Plans for the Pyramids Proper construction of the pyramids is said to have demanded strict cardinal point orientation. It is not properly understood how the pyramid alignment took place. A primary theory that has been proposed on the construction of the pyramid proposes that the pyramid construction heavily relied on stellar construction. This is explained as: This involved building a small, circular wall of perhaps mudbrick that had to be perfectly level at the top. Within the circle, a man would stand and through
The 1960s were an era of the movement for installing freedom and eradicating prejudice in the American Society, which unified people of all cultural and racial backgrounds around championing the cause of social justice. The political leaders and organizations such as Martin Luther King Jr. and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference are evidence of how powerful that united front was. The struggle of these people yielded significant results for the advancement of African Americans and laid the foundation for further expansion of the rights of black people. Yet, in the 1970s, the political climate began to change and drift towards the conservative side, which ultimately resulted in the presidency of Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush in the following decades. The conservatives’ disregard of the African Americans’ needs made Black politicians of the period assume the role of the only defenders of their community. As it was mentioned earlier, the civil rights movement was a success and, as a consequence, led to the adoption of major laws which guaranteed freedom and equality to all black people. Moreover, the government and individual states initiated a variety of programs targeted at improving the social and economic conditions of African Americans, namely in the form of affirmative action and welfare support. Yet, over the years of their active existence, these policies were not well-received by the conservative segment of the population, among whom there were not only whites. Famous black economist Thomas Sowell was the most notable voice of the libertarian approach and a relentless critic of government programs, which, according to him, created a culture of poverty (“Chapter Twenty,” slide 4). Such claims further promoted the shift towards the conservative paradigm, which had to be opposed by African American politicians of the period. Among the most noteworthy examples of such political leaders was Jesse Jackson, who participated in both the 1984 and 1988 presidential races and managed to accumulate many supporters of different backgrounds. During his first attempt, he attracted a lot of attention for his proposals to increase funding for social programs, limit the budget of the Department of Defense, and pay reparations. One of his policies’ main points of focus was an education on which, he claimed, depended on the future of the country (“1984 Democratic Presidential Debate”). Another important part of his campaign concerned the issue of apartheid in South Africa, which, with the help of the Free South Africa Movement, was eventually addressed by the government. Jesse Jackson’s career as a prominent politician ended when he was accused of expressing an anti-Semitic stance (“Chapter Twenty,” slide 9). Thus, the conservative period did not produce black leaders who could seriously challenge the establishm
The coffee industry in the UAE can be viewed as highly competitive because of the popularity of coffee among Emiratis, and Nestlé Nespresso is a leader in the market. Nespresso was formed as a separate division of Nestlé Group in 1986 to focus on the production of coffee machines that can be used in coffee houses and at home. Currently, the brand dominates the premium coffee market with its presence in 70 countries and the employment base in more than 13,500 employees (“Our company,” n.d.). The coffee industry in the UAE develops actively, and more customers become interested in using coffee capsules and machines for preparing high-quality drinks (“Coffee in United Arab Emirates,” 2019). Thus, the purpose of this marketing report is to present an efficient plan for Nespresso’s further promotion in the UAE market, addressing influential macro-environmental and micro-environmental factors. Macro-Environmental Analysis The macro-environmental analysis is important to determine what factors can influence the effectiveness of marketing strategies applied by Nestlé Nespresso in the UAE. This analysis allows for identifying potential threats to and opportunities for the company’s development in the local market (Kotler, Keller, Brady, Goodman, & Hansen, 2019). Factors that need to be discussed in this context include demographic, social, cultural, political, technological, and natural ones. Demographic Factors The population of the UAE as a federation of seven emirates is 9.77 million people, according to the data for 2019. The demographic profile of the UAE is characterized by the high percentage of immigrants and expatriates (more than 90%), and nearly 85% of the country’s population lives in the largest emirates: Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, and Dubai. The population tends to grow annually because of active migration processes in the UAE, and the annual change rate is about 1.5% (“United Arab Emirates population 2019,” 2019). It is also important to note that the population of the country is diverse in terms of ethnicities as immigrants usually come from other Arab and Middle Eastern countries, Asian countries, and Western countries. People in the UAE mostly speak Arabic and English, along with other languages of different ethnic groups. Other important factors that can influence marketing trends in the country are the median age of Emiratis, which is about 30 years, and the unequal number of females and males in the country with a focus on the fact that men represent about 70% of the overall population (“United Arab Emirates population 2019,” 2019). These aspects have an impact on forming a target audience for different categories of products. Social and Cultural Factors The marketing of Nespresso products in the UAE highly depends on certain social and cultural factors, which include the age of customers, income, education, lifestyle, and traditions. In the UAE, the practice of drinking coffee is widely spread, and Emiratis are famous for a range of recipes for making this drink using the best types of coffee beans (“United Arab Emirates population 2019,” 2019). The quality of coffee beans and the technique are very important for Emiratis, an
Harrison Bergeron, a short story by Kurt Vonnegut, highlights the perils of governmental control, coupled with people’s ignorance. Vonnegut goes ahead to predict the results of such a move. The most prominent theme of Harrison Bergeron is the lack of freedom in American society. Vonnegut also explains how the loss of civil rights is catching with Americans. What is the result of all these? There is a high probability that America will end up in a dystopia. In summary, the loss of freedom and civil rights would lead to America’s dystopia are the main messages of Harrison Bergeron. The essay briefly discusses the topics of the story and the questions raised by the author. Some of them are illustrated by the quotes from the text to demonstrate its tone and the literary devices used in the story. Central Idea of Harrison Bergeron As aforementioned, Americans love freedom, and Harrison’s actions evidence this; he escapes from prison, goes ahead to remove his handicaps, and finally tries to influence those around him. “Why don’t you stretch out on the sofa, so that you can rest your handicap bag…?” (Vonnegut Page 216). The government chained this handicap bag around George’s neck; however, Harrison is telling George to ‘rest’ it, as a sign of rebellion and push for freedom. Nevertheless, in Harrison’s world, this freedom is no more, and people cannot make choices because they are above average in everything, and as a result, they are disabled. For instance, the dancers are cloaked to ensure that “nobody would feel like something the cat drug in” (Vonnegut Page 216). The fact that all people are above average in everything takes away the freedom of choice and hampers everyone in the new dystopia America. The plot unfolds around the main theme of Harrison Bergeron. The main idea of neglect of freedom of choice is also expressed in the article of Clark. The author argues that “Uninformed citizens are left vulnerable to the political exploitation of special-interests” (Clark, 1). That proves that, though Americans love freedom, their freedom of choice is restricted by lack of information. The loss of civil rights is another contributing factor to this dystopia in America. Everyone is equal “due to the 211th, 212th, and 213th Amendments to the Constitution…the unceasing vigilance of agents of the United States Handicapper General” (Vonnegut Page 218). In this state, the ‘Handicapper General’ ensures everyone is equal, and he or she has no right, including the right to life. No one in the nowadays society is truly free, as it will be shown in the next paragraphs of the essay. Harrison Bergeron’s character George says, “Two years in prison and two thousand dollars fine for every ball I took out” (Vonnegut Page 216). George here talks of the consequences of removing the ‘handicap’ that the government has placed around his neck, evidence of loss of civil rights. George even watches her daughter die on television,
The given literature review will primarily focus on the theoretical and empirical aspects of the relationship between single-parent households and poverty, as well as the implications of the latter on mental health issues, such as addiction. It is important to note that there is a strong degree of connection between health and family dynamics, which impacts both children and adults. Evidence suggests that “parental SES and family structure are highly correlated, yet each has distinctive consequences for child health” (Carr & Springer, 2010, p. 747). In other words, poverty can directly impact the well-being of family members, especially children. Since a single-parent household is reliant on one parent’s capability to earn an income, the possibility of falling under the poverty line is higher. The latter effect translates into worse health outcomes among family members. It should also be noted that poverty impacts several generations. It is stated that “poverty among the grandparents predicted younger childbearing among the parents, which was associated with harsh parenting and thus problematic grandchild behaviors” (Carr & Springer, 2010, p. 747). Therefore, single-parent families are more vulnerable to poverty and low socioeconomic status, which directly impacts their well-being. Moreover, single-parent families are as such primarily due to divorce, separation, or death of a second parent. It is stated that “the death of one’s spouse was associated with an elevated risk of mortality, functional limitations, and depressive symptoms” (Carr & Springer, 2010, p. 753). In other words, events that lead to single parenthood directly influence a parent’s health. Both widowed men and women are likely to experience “erratic sleep, compromised diet, and poor compliance with medication regimens, and selection” (Carr & Springer, 2010, p. 753). Therefore, the health impacts can be both short-term and long-term. Furthermore, it is important to point out that there is a strong correlational relationship between poverty and mental illness regardless of single parenthood factors. It is stated that individuals with diagnosed mental illnesses are more likely to fall under the poverty line, be treated as second-class citizens, have poorer physical health, and lead shorter lives (Ewart et al., 2017). In other words, one’s mental health is a highly multifaceted determinant, which diminishes his or her well-being as well as the quality of life factor by a significant margin. The severity of stress imposed upon people with mental issues is also substantial. For instance, study participants on the subject reported that they underwent “a very stressful experience of uncertainty regarding continuation of the disability support pension” (Ewart et al., 2017, p. 988). Such examples are prevalent in many other areas of life, which include living costs, basic power, and water utilities, medication affordability, and accessibility, and negative social attitudes (Ewart et al., 2017). Therefore, individuals with mental health problems lead lifestyl