ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The YouTube video “Are You Ready to Become a Project Leader?” made me more determined to improve on my project time management skills. In this video, the CEO and president of the project management institute, Mark A Langley, highlights some of the important characteristics of those individuals who are ready to become project leaders. The video made me realize that successful project management goes beyond the knowledge gained when attending project management classes. I now know that position of a project leader requires extra knowledge in other areas as well as skills such as communication, conflict management among other ones. I believe that project management is crucial to the success of any given program. Main text Langley points out that more organizations are looking for qualified project leaders. He states that statistics show that there will be about 1.5 million project management-related jobs per annum for the next ten years. I find such statistics encouraging since it shows that I am likely to get a project management job once I do the course. However, I have to improve on some of my skills including leadership and conflict management skills. I have always been a good communicator, and through this course and other language classes I took earlier, I have been able to sharpen my communication skills. Disciplined project management and leadership require a leader who thinks critically. I believe that I am a critical thinker because I always challenge myself to dig deeper into issues that directly affect me. By reading various project management books, I have been able to conceptualize the relevant issues in project management. Langley points out that organizations are looking for project leaders who are well qualified and talented. I believe that I have what it takes to be a disciplined and successful project leader. The video challenged the ideologies and beliefs I had about project management. I always believed that for one to become a successful project leader, they had to have extensive knowledge in project management alone. Watching the video made me realize the importance of other skills and talents in project management. Additionally, the video made me ask myself whether I was on the right path to becoming a successful project leader or not. Langley’s presentation challenged my thinking and has inspired me to change my approach to project time management. The ideas about the importance of project management that were presented in the video are similar to those presented in the classroom readings and lectures. The video, as well as past readings, highlight that good project management is crucial in the timely delivery of project results. Additionally, the effective project manager should ensure that the project remains on budget. Conclusion The speaker touched on many important issues. However, I feel that he should have mentioned some of the ways through which we can improve our skills and apply our talents to become successful project leaders
Marketing is one of the core departments of an organization. In effect, this department acts as the eye and the voice of a company. Marketing communicates to potential and existing consumers about company products and undertakes the research to ascertain consumer needs. The department also handles issues that concern product research, personal selling, supply chain management, advertising, and promotions. Fundamentally, the marketing department has a major influence on other departments of an organization. The departments like human resources, finance, and procurement have to rely on information obtained from research undertaken by the marketing team. The research to ascertain consumer needs helps the human resources department to know what are the right people to recruit and the skills required. Consequently, the finance department gets insights concerning the budget required in the training and manufacturing of products that match consumer’s expectations. It is within this backdrop that the essay examines the importance of marketing and marketers in an organization. Fundamentally, business professionals play an important role in marketing an organization. Some of the most important roles that the marketers undertake include research, product promotion, advertising, and management of the supply chain. Furthermore, the marketers undertake activities that comprise extensive research on consumer needs, promotion of the company’s products, and awareness creation in the quest to increase the organization’s market share. According to Lamb, Hair, and McDaniel (2009), marketing experts can increase sales, augment consumer base, and boost the overall reputation of an organization. Therefore, by undertaking activities, which concern research, product promotion, and consumer survey, the impact of the professionals in a particular organization is considerable. Without marketing, a company may not survive. Failure to survive in the absence of marketing can be explained by the fact that the company will not have the chance to progress. Lamb, Hair, and McDaniel (2009) assert that since marketing is a tool used by an organization to communicate to existing and potential consumers, a company that does not market its products quickly exits the market. This happens because the company faces decreased sales and losses. It is important to explain that when an organization undertakes marketing, existing and potential consumers acquire more information about its products, and thus, become persuaded to purchase them. The aftermath of increased awareness is a rise in sales volumes, amplified market share, and improved consumer base. Without marketing, consumers get inadequate information about the given company and its products, and as such, the sales of the subject company eventually diminish (Lamb, Hair, & McDaniel, 2009). The future of marketing will be characterized by the use of digital platforms. The projected increase in the use of digital platforms in market
Introduction The role of ethics across today’s various industries has been on a stable increase, becoming a major point of interest for experts and researchers. Ethics guide the decision-makers, contributing the development of positive solutions that extend beyond profits and enterprise growth. Instead, today’s activities are expected to attain a new level of positive impact in a ranger of spheres. It includes such topical matters as social justice, equality, environmental protection, and others. In this regard, businesses emphasize their image component in an attempt to receive good feedback from the public. However, earning its trust is a challenging endeavor the comprise more than loud speeches and formal adherence to the principles of ethics. On the contrary, this proclaimed allegiance is to be underpinned by a strong practical foundation that will reflect the organization’s commitment to the goal. In other words, the public is to see actual evidence of the ethics’ role in the decision-making process. Today’s environment possesses numerous spheres of human activity that employ millions of people each. This paper is centered around the financial industry as one of the key driving forces of modern economy. The scope of this sector is rather broad, and its impact on societal and economic process remains undeniable. However, the reputation of the financial industry appears to have been sup-optimal in the previous years. More specifically, the activities within the sector have not been associated with ethical considerations and positive practices. Instead, the focus of attention is often said to have been on profits and economic advantages at the expense of ethics. In this regard, the recent surge of interest in ethical practices has prompted the leading experts and researchers within the financial industry to lay an additional emphasis on this aspect. Nevertheless, the coverage of the matter at hand within the contemporary body of knowledge often leaves much to be desired. The present research serves to address a certain gap that is formed in the case of the financial industry’s ethical practice in Ghana and Nigeria. In order to address this gap, the paper relies on a comprehensive review of the literature in order to obtain a theoretical framework of reference. The examination of the current body of knowledge will provide valuable insight into the origins of the ethical discussions within the financial industry, in general, as well as their evolution. Based on this foundation, further examinations will be provided, addressing the value of ethics for the organizational goals within the financial industry. Furthermore, the central issue is to be investigated in its close relation to the management practices within the sphere, underlining the nexus of ethics, organizational goals,
The financial crisis of 2008 resulted in massive layoffs and missed opportunities. As a result there were many states that experienced budget deficits on a large scale. It is therefore imperative to evaluate tax reform strategies in order to increase revenue. But there is one thorny issue that has to be resolved before taxpayers are encouraged to embrace taxation reforms. The issue concerns fairness and it is related to the realization that state tax systems placed a heavy burden on poor taxpayers but not on more affluent members of American society. In the present time almost every state in America extracts a significant share of income from middle and low-income residents. The good news is that there is growing awareness among lawmakers, media and the general public regarding this issue. The bad news is that there is no serious and long-term commitment to reduce tax burdens for the poor. At first glance there are states that appeared to be generous to the poor but in reality these states were more generous to the rich because of the tax rate reduction schemes made available to them. It can be argued that state and local government taxes were mostly regressive. This assertion is based on analysis of data pertaining to non-elderly families. This assertion includes singles and couples, with and without children. The analysis of available data revealed that the average state and local tax rate for the top 1 percent earner is 6.4 percent. On the other hand “the average state and local tax rate for residents in the middle 20 percent of the income spectrum is higher at 9.7 percent” (Davis, p.15). Furthermore, the average state and local tax rate “for the poorest 20 percent of families is highest at 10.9 percent” (Davis, p.16). At this point the observation that the U.S. tax system is unfair is true. But this is just the beginning of the problem. There is an added feature of the U.S. tax system and it is the federal government’s itemized deductions for state and local taxes. It is popularly known as the “federal offset.” Using this framework it was discovered that the rich are not compelled to pay the 6.4 percent tax rate even if it is the lowest rate among the three major groups of taxpayers. Due to the “federal offset” the 6.2 percent tax rate was reduced further to 5.2 percent. After taking a closer look at the mid-income earners and the poorest taxpayers, it was discovered that these two groups did not benefit from the “federal offset” as much as the top 1 percent top earners. In fact, the 9.7 percent tax rate for the middle-income families was reduced to a mere 9.4 percent. If one will compare it to the tax rate applied to wealthy residents, the figure was almost double the tax rate levied on the more affluent citizens of America. But more importantly the poor were compelled to pay a 10.9 percent tax rate because they did not benefit from the “federal offset.” Therefore, the U.S. tax system is regressive because state and local tax rate does not increase commensurate to the increase in income. There are ten states that are considered to be the most regressive and these are listed as foll
Introduction There were many turning points in the last century that changed the direction of world history. No political institution influenced those points as much as the institution of the presidency in the United States. The presidents in the United States were not only rulers; they were also ideologists. The role of presidents was always influential in the American society since independence, where people attached events and changes to particular presidents, rather than to administrations. In addition to the Founding Fathers, whose accomplishments cannot be questioned, each president had a certain contribution to the history of the United States. Some contributions had a large impact on American society in historical, economical, and political terms, while others were less impressive. The Cold War was one of the periods in which presidents were responsible for establishing a powerful position of the state in the world. With the Cold World being a period of competing influences, a powerful position could be achieved through economic development and foreign policies. President Dwight D. Eisenhower is a perfect example of a political figure that had an enormous positive impact on the United States during his presidency, as opposed to Lyndon Johnson, a president whose influence was also remarkable, albeit less favorable in terms of economy and foreign policy. Eisenhower in Economy The most important impact of Eisenhower’s presidency era was economic. The way Eisenhower managed the economy of the states made the era of his presidency remembered as the golden age. Eisenhower was not a charismatic leader, nor was he a social reformer, but his administration was “capitalism working at its best as it was enclosed in decent public policy” (King). Considering the role the United States played in the world, its economic strength and the prosperity of its citizen were two of the most significant indicators of having the power to play that role. Eisenhower made America a creditor, not a debtor, with an extremely low level of inflation. Eisenhower contributed to the development of free-market competition, which was one of the main goals of his economic policies. The basis of such policies was creating favorable government conditions for individual entrepreneurship, through holding back inflation, even distribution of growth, and protection from economic risks. Eisenhower’s presidency was followed by a decline, and despite various attempts to revive the economy, the economy today is nothing as strong as it was during Eisenhower’s presidency (Bischof & Ambrose). Eisenhower and Foreign Policy Foreign policy was another strong point during Eisenhower’s presidency. It was a critical time after the end of the Second World War, during which it was important to utilize the momentum to establish the power of the state in the world. Eisenhower managed to do such a mission perfectly. It was the organization of the White House that made historians positively evaluate the role of Eisenhower. Eisenhower had a great experience in the foreign affair, which he translated on
This paper focuses on the British Colonization in America. Apparently, the English colonizers entered into America to claim territories for different reasons. Evidently, most of these personalities entered into this part of the continent since it was a productive hub and was conducive for living with the Native Americans who were self governed and sustained. The spirit of organization and governance elicited an interest to settle there and do various economic activities to make wealth rather than claim the territories. However, the settlers gained the influence to grab the territories from the natives and took over the entire leadership, collecting taxes and decreeing at their dispensation. Most of the outcome was because the royal government did not support or oversee the colonizers in any way. The English colonial endeavor was extremely slow in its initiation. Notably, when the Spaniards and the Portuguese were dividing the Far East trade and America, England was gradually emerging and recuperating from a protracted fight back for dynastic powers dubbed the battle of the roses. Starting the 1530s, Britain’s Sir Walter Raleigh lost disappointingly, the colony of the Carolina coast, preceding a war with the Spaniards in the 1580 (Adler and Pouewls 310). In the 1600s, the British began entering the American colony in a more systematic way. The English colonialists operated the colonies under direct discretion from private companies and organization, just like the Dutch, but not under supervision or oversight from the royal British government. The BEIC was such an outstanding example of these kinds of affiliations that privately conducted their colonial advances, with reinforcement from their much-diversified political and commercial abilities (Adler and Pouwels 310). They also had military resources that they used for war. Principally, this paper lays succinctly, the main influences, inculcated by lack of royal discretion, control and support from the royal government. Thus, I will categorically delve into both the positive influences and negative ones in detail, basing evidence from the previous researches, primary resources and secondary resources. It is overtly clear that, during that era, the royal government did not have a particular considerable interest on the colonies as the private affiliations involved had. This must have affected the British government in diverse ways, with regard to political and militaristic aspects. The royal military did not have a say in the advances of the private affiliations that were colonizing the Americans. This did not mean that their individual actions and advances had no impact on the overall picture and profile of
The United States of America is a multicultural country, and it is often referred to as a nation of cultural contrasts and diversity (Berkin et al. 42). The development of multinational society is related to the presence of representatives of different nations in American society. For instance, English colonies in Chesapeake and New England vehemently affected American culture, religion, and social norms. Despite having a substantial contribution to the development of modern society, both English colonies had different reasons for founding their settlements, various cultural and religious dogmas, and expressed dissimilar attitudes towards Native Americans. Consequently, the primary goal of this paper is to compare and contrast English colonies located in Chesapeake (Jamestown) and New England (Plymouth). In the first place, the colonies had different reasons for their establishment in the United States. For instance, the development of the colony in Virginia pertains to the desire of the company in London to expand its operations and transfer its employees to a new continent (“Jamestown and Plymouth” par. 3). On the contrary, Pilgrims founded the colony in Plymouth, as they were seeking religious and political freedoms (“Jamestown and Plymouth” par. 3). In this case, settlements in Plymouth and Jamestown had dissimilar reasons for the formation of the colonies, as the first one occurred due to the cultural factors while the settlers of Virginia wanted to ensure the financial prosperity of their company. As for the culture, the colonists in Jamestown supported the official church in England, but Pilgrims’ wish for religious freedom determined the presence of Puritanism in their lives (“Jamestown and Plymouth” par. 3). It could be said that this difference is highly related to the reasons for the development of the settlements, as Pilgrims’ need for equality and freedom defined their change in religion. Speaking of other cultural elements, it could be said that these English colonies had an equal contribution to the celebration of Thanksgiving and the creation of American folklore. For instance, the idea of Thanksgiving was reflected in stories of both settlements (“Jamestown and Plymouth” par. 3). Lastly, one cannot underestimate the importance of relationships with Native Americans. The settlers of Jamestown experienced substantial difficulties with the native population of the American continent (“Jamestown and Plymouth” par. 3). It could be said that two nations with co
Kaplan and Garrett (2005) According to Kaplan and Garrett (2005), the most critical point of studying the evaluative practices is embedded in the general understanding of the separation between program delivery and anticipated program outcomes. Regarding the case with COVID-19 practices, the issue deals with non-delivery or severely restricted delivery. Community services significantly contribute to the provision of palliative care during COVID-19. The critical aspects of a successful response are based on regular and timely communication between policy-makers and healthcare providers, personnel training, and ongoing delivery of equipment and access to necessary support services. The service delivery and desired outcomes during COVID-19 are to a certain extent disconnected due to the rapidly increased demand for services and a considerable decrease in volunteer availability. Celik et al. (2012) The researchers explore the formative process evaluation of a diversity training program in the healthcare settings. One of the key observations implies that sufficient knowledge and training might transform individual behaviors. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered the healthcare institutions and personnel training. With the spread of the pandemic, the evaluation process of the medical personnel progress became more challenging. However, expectations regarding the role of knowledge and education in behavioral change are often misinterpreted. A well-tailored training is most effective at enhancing personal awareness and skills. In addition, the behavioral change might not always result in the structural change of the healthcare facility since the organizational alterations are linked to the general reorganization of healthcare departments and units and revising job responsibilities. Livet and Wandersman (2005) The three core areas of an organization include:   * physician integration process and leadership,   * organizational structure (resources, population, health services, indicators, and health status),   * critical functions of healthcare facility (financing, provision of health services, stewardship, and resource development). They can impact a particular program regarding the well-developed organizational structure, demonstrating ongoing and dynamic challenges for the personnel and managers that must efficiently realign the resources management and training to achieve value-based outcomes.