ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract Gifted children and design of their built environment have not been provided extensive focus before. While children with disabilities as well as normal children have been extensively addressed with regards to their learning factors, there has been a limited research on the gifted children’s home design and built environment. This paper will try to discover through qualitative research interviews about the preferences of a gifted child for her home or activity space. It will connect various existing literature and studies dealing with the gifted children and the built environment through his home and activity space. It will try to establish a need to adjust physical design of home and activity space to facilitate a better and more positive experience for the gifted child. It will gather studies about gifted children and their home and activity space experience where literature and studies may be available. Introduction For a long time now, the environment for children, specifically the gifted, has been neglected specifically in their most immediate space: the home. With the careful observation and analysis of Montessori about preschool children with learning difficulties, normal, and gifted children, it was found that the activity space can be maneuvered in order to enhance experience of the gifted child. The built environment has been deplored for its consideration of basic human interaction, socialization, as well as utter disregard for the natural environment. For many, it has become impersonal, empty spaces that encouraged indifference, accidents, and tragedy to fast-urbanizing centers of economic, social and political activities. There are certain effects of a built environment specifically the activity space. It is the reason why there are interior designers, and new breed of eco-designers, environmental designers, among others today that address not only the requirement of the occupant but also a social responsibility that conforms to expectations, such as today’s advocacy to a cleaner and safer environment, and in this context, to address the gifted child. In considering that gifted children are either quite easy to deal with or the opposite, it is also a wonder on how they may perceive as well as be affected by their built environment. This paper will try to find out their preference for built environment, starting with their own homeroom and activity space in particular. It will focus on what could be the preference of gifted children for their environment design as well as the built environment’s impact on the gifted child or children. Purpose of the Study In providing evidence for the need to design a physical environment specifically the home and activity space for gifted children, the study aims to influence further research as well as inspire designs to cater to this special children group’s requirement to maximize their potentials. It will also try to delineate the effects of environm
Introduction Investors are interested in the post-IPO performance of companies, and they consider various factors when making a pre-IPO judgment about investing in new stocks. When IPO is finished, firms may encounter a situation referred to as underpricing, which means that the stock price of the issuing firm declines after the first-day closing. The board structure is one of the determinants of post-IPO performance. The characteristics of the firm’s board include the number of board members, independent directors, experience, presence of woman directors, and others. In the current study, the number of board directors is considered and its effects on IPO underpricing are investigated. There have been many types of research, as discussed in the literature review, which gives conflicting results regarding the impact of board size on IPO underpricing that is also explored in this study. The research question set for this study is: does board size affect IPO underpricing? Literature Review Initial Public Offering (IPO) is the first-time launch of a firm’s stocks on an exchange to institutional and retail investors. The IPO is underwritten by a financial instituti
Summary In My Life as a Muslim in the West’s ‘Gray Zone,’ Lalami (2015) discusses the concept of a ‘Gray Zone’ and its place in the life of Muslims of the West. “The ‘Gray Zone’ is the space inhabited by any Muslim who has not joined the ranks of either ISIS or the crusaders” (Lalami, par. 4). Lalami’s main point is that it is essential to maintain the ‘Gray Zone,’ as it is how millions of people around the world live in times of military conflicts, and it implies the peaceful co-existence of religions. On the contrary, the elimination of ‘Gray Zone’ – the situation when all Muslims have to choose sides due to external pressure – will strengthen such terrorist organizations as ISIS. The author demonstrates the struggles of Muslims in Western societies through stories that include the Paris attack of November 13, various oppression attempts, and hate crimes against Muslims in the USA (Lalami, 2015). Lalami demonstrates that each case of terrorist attack negatively affects Muslim communities as they become subjects of suspicion and are expected to condemn terrorism repeatedly (Lalami, 2015). This constant pressure from civilians, politicians, and media diminishes the ‘Gray Zone,’ therefore bolstering ISIS. Lalami also discusses the impacts of constant questioning and suspicion towards Muslims on the lives of current Muslim children who have the ambition to take part in various aspects of the life of their state. The attitudes and even hatred of various stakeholders towards Muslims can potentially narrow these Muslims’ choices and freedoms. Analysis Regarding Lalami’s support for her argument, she uses the information about ISIS’s goals from its magazine and her interpretation of events in the US, such as the President’s speech, as well as governors’ and senators’ statements. While the author’s logic about the effects of polarization in society is clear, she does not demonstrate evidence to support her claims. Moreover, the argument that societal pressure leads to the strengthening of ISIS is based on the claims of ISIS itself. There may be a considerable distance between radicalization of a Muslim person in Western society due to a spike of hate and direct support of ISIS later. Regarding the organization of the text, Lalami establishes the goals of ISIS; then, she demonstrates how some figures in the West push people in the direction of these goals. The author primarily uses informal diction, as she portrays the picture that directly reflects the surrounding reality. Regarding specific words, Lalami extensively uses the terms created by ISIS – ‘Gray Zone’ and its derivatives. The author’s simple, but at some poi
Mergers and Acquisitions The global recession that peaked in the year 2008 had a great effect to the entire economies world over. Multinational companies were forced to close down, while others adapted various strategies that allowed them to minimize their operation cost to enable them survive the recession. In the United States, multinational manufacturing companies like General Motors and Chrysler were declared bankrupt on the eve of the recession. The government had to come up with drastic measures like the bail out plan to save these companies from imminent collapse. This essay will illuminate the aspects of mergers and acquisitions prompted by business failures due to the 2008 economic. Circumstances surrounding General Motors Bankruptcy The manager of GM failed to file for bankruptcy early enough despite having witnessed souring labor costs, excess dealers, and the debts that the company had incurred as early as the year 2005. The manager argued that filing for bankruptcy would impact negatively on the buyers, the workers and the shareholders. The management seemed to be ill-prepared for the desperate moments in the economy. The September eleventh attack of the US by the terrorists added to the woes of GM by driving its incentives to the ground. This was occasioned by the response of GM to the victims when they offered zero percent financing on loans for a period of five years. This prompted financial implications associated with cash-back deals and low-rate financing. The business failure that GM has undergone can be traced back to those days when they recalled the EV1 car model from the market. GM lost the market niche they had occupied in electric car manufacturing that was later occupied by Toyotas hybrid Prius. GM did err when they decided to sell their 51 percent holding in GMAC to Cerberus due the financial crunch it was going through. The failure of GM are partly due to their failure to heed Jerome York’s advice to develop a clean sheet of paper approach to business and the essence of time in the profitability of a business venture. Years after GM had acquired a 20 percent shareholding of FIAT an Italian auto company, the CEO of the company died. GM was never interested in buying FIAT and therefore unwittingly decided to pay FIAT to get out of the deal. This mistake has haunted GM to date. Other cause of GM failure is attributed to overreacting to the track boom. Circumstances surrounding Chryslers Bankruptcy Chrysler has over the years engaged in cost cutting decisions that seem to impact negatively on the cars. The huge amounts of money that were paid as consulting fee to Mercedes engineers and massive royalties paid by Chrysler on ite
The development of psychology as a separate branch of medicine is largely due to the contributions made by well-known psychoanalysts and theorists who have developed various concepts and approaches. One of such outstanding figures as Sigmund Freud, who is the author of many concepts and hypotheses concerning human psychology. In particular, his theory of psychoanalysis regarding patients with schizophrenia syndrome has become one of the most fundamental. In this paper, the author’s approaches to this ailment are considered, and the ways of applying the specific observations of human behavior are discussed. The Main Idea of Freud’s Schizoaffective Psychoanalysis The work of Sigmund Freud is based on attracting the inner motives of people to assess their psychological state. According to Aiello and Ahmad (2014), the renowned psychoanalyst could not help all patients without exception since he believed that some challenges were severe obstacles complicating the treatment process. In particular, Freud found it difficult to care for those who suffered from severe forms of psychosis “because of their lack of transference and narcissistic withdrawal” (Aiello & Ahmad, 2014, p. 328). However, regarding such a mental illness as schizophrenia, the psychoanalyst achieved significant success and used his own approaches to interacting with patients. Various theorists consider schizophrenia one of the mental disorders that strongly influence behavioral factors and imply changes in consciousness, and Freud “struggled to find recognition for his new concepts in academic psychiatry” (Maatz, Hoff, & Angst, 2015, p. 44). His work was aimed at finding techniques that could return an unhealthy person to normal life through a search for motives rather than eliminating symptoms. As Maatz et al. (2015) argue, this psychoanalytic theory was first met with skepticism. However, in the future, Freud’s approaches arouse interest among the medical community, and today, many of the scientist’s developments are taken into account when diagnosing schizophrenia. One of the psychoanalyst’s main ideas is that this ailment is not a brain disorder but a disease in the unconscious state caused by unresolved homosexual feelings. However, he acknowledged that psychoanalysis was not recommended for work with patients who had this diagnosis because they ignored psychotherapists’ insights and resisted treatment. These principles are the basis of Freud’s schizoaffective psychoanalysis and his approaches to working on this disease. Freud’s Theory Application to the Observations of Human Behavior The considered theory may be used as a method of observing human behavior both in the conditions of healthcare facilities and at home. If a person shows too harsh and even aggressive a
Elie Wiesel was a devout Jew during his childhood, just before the Holocaust wounded his soul. He survived the events of the Holocaust, but in his waiting for the Lord’s intervention, just like it was in the bible, his doubts in God and his mercy began to develop. The book ‘Night’ tells us of the journey that Wiesel took in his dilemma whether to forgive God’s cruelty towards his people or to define his own fate. He finds it difficult to understand the role of God in the world, and poses many questions to try and understand why God would stand by and watch the horrors of the Holocaust. When the Jews of Sighet first heard of the crimes of the Nazis, they strengthened their faith in God, and believed that God would provide them with security from such horrifying things, as Wiesel stated, “And we, the Jews of Sighet, were waiting for better days, which would not be long in coming now” (5). The Jews, Wiesel included, believed that God had greater plans for everyone, and everything that happened was for their benefit, since God was both their defender and righter of wrongs. The faith that Wiesel had in God was enormous, in spite of the increasing abuse and hatred that the Nazis had for the Jews (Wiesel 5). Just like the other believers, he believed that their suffering was a punishment from god for their evil deeds, and therefore they did not resist or fight back. God was supposed to present himself at the last moment and show his glory for their perseverance, but this did not happen. “God is testing us. He wants to find out whether we can dominate our base instincts and kill the (Wiesel 42) within us. We have no right to despair. And if he punishes us relentlessly, it’s a sign that he loves us all the more” (Wiesel 42). Eventually, Wiesel got to a point where he did not want to praise and thank God anymore. His fellow men were suffering and dying, yet God was still not manifesting his power. `For the first time I felt revolt rise in me. Why should I bless His name? The Eternal, Lord of the Universe, the All-Powerful and Terrible, was silent. What had I to thank Him for?” (Wiesel 31). The Jews had lost faith in God, and despair crept in, since they wondered who would save them. By this point, Wiesel was already feeling betrayed, and at the hanging of the angel-faced pipel, he declared that God was dead to him, bringing an end to his long lived faith in God (Wiesel 62). The events of the Holocaust brought a lot of anger to Wiesel, which he directed to both God and men, for their cruelty. He could not understand the numerous killings, and it appeared that the lack of intervention f
In her article, Visard (2020) discusses the current position of McDonald’s in the international fast food market and the food chain’s most recent attempts to adapt its resource spending and product positioning strategies during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The company is willing to increase expenditures on marketing activities. McDonald’s is going to focus on promoting the existing core menu items rather than introducing new products. It will also emphasize services for customers that increase safety and convenience, including digital and online ordering and order delivery. In the second half of 2020, the corporation is planning to spend an extra $200,000,000 on advertising activities in the United States and international markets. The main points of the article referring to the plans of McDonald’s on how to accelerate its recovery from COVID-19 shed light on multiple international marketing issues. For instance, in terms of product positioning, the ongoing pandemic and the resulting decreases in sales have encouraged McDonald’s to critically analyze its previous priority-setting practices. Particularly, due to its financial capabilities and the current situation in the international market, McDonald’s reports the need to shift the target audience’s attention from the constantly updated menu and regularly appearing innovative products. Instead, as it follows from its money spending plans, McDonald’s is going to position the brand as the provider of the well-known fast-food menu items that everybody knows and enjoys. By emphasizing its digital services, McDonald’s will also become more recognized as a business that puts the absence of health risks for customers and customer service speed at the heart of its business activities all over the world. Moreover, the company’s rather substantial investments in advertising in the United States and abroad will probably improve its international market targeting strategies due to new opportunities to identify and address customers’ nation-specific needs. Reference Visard, S. (2020). McDonald’s prepares to spen
Architecture has had a myriad of uses throughout history. This history validates the projects for contemporary designers. The architects must contend with this history whether they agree with it or not since they must address the fundamental demands from people outside the profession. These people derive inspiration from historical architecture and demand that it be represented in contemporary architecture (Le, Corbusier 23). Therefore, history plays an important role in contemporary architecture regardless of the appreciation or significance of history. The relationship between traditional architecture and contemporary architecture has always been fraught with criticism. Nevertheless, it is important to explore the issues arising from this criticism and engage them as patent tools of contemporary design. Architecture is both fine art and civic art. The fine art of architecture pleases those who appreciate it and bestow fame to the designer of a building, while as a civic art it endows architecture with honor at the same time serving the people of society (José 2). Fine art sparks dynamism in the culture of cities while civic culture is largely concerned with building the cities (Mumford 13-17). Architecture as a fine and civic art combined, spurns tradition while at the same time embedding architecture within tradition. In fine art architecture, the architect builds for the present while in civic art; the architect reaches into the past and future. In this light, this essay seeks to explore the impact of historical trajectories of architecture in the contemporary design while evaluating contemporary work through the historical perspective of ancient Greek architecture. To support this argument, the Seattle central library by OMA will be compared with Parthenon. Many perceive contemporary architecture as futuristic and concerned with doing things differently. However, that is not entirely true since contemporary architects are more concerned with making new designs while using the old designs while incorporating some elements of environmental preservation in the designs. Some contemporary architects argue that there is really nothing new left in architecture to invent; hence an architect can only improve a past design to fit current and future requirements (Le Corbusier 13-16). Modernism has been bringing fashion to architecture. However, modernist designs have remained just that- fashionable but not popular (George and Richard 12-13). The Seattle library design has sparked criticism s well as praise from both architects and the general public. On the other hand the Parthenon is a legendary design that will continue drawing amazement at its simplicity while at the same time antiquity (Neils 10). Contemporary architects design cultural buildings which are as audacious as the Seattle library intending to
Outback steakhouse is a restaurant in the United States and deals basically in casual dining. This restaurant has ventured in various markets such as Asia, Australia and Europe. Due to its capacity as restaurant dealing with numerous customers Outback steakhouse come up with various selection methods of its employees. The most used technique by Outback in the selection of its employees is employee referral. This is a recruitment process where organizations cross check potential candidates for employment within their existing and current social networks (Stewart & Brown, 2008). This process helps the employees within the company to select and choose suitable employment from their preferred friends and social networks. If an employee is satisfied with the choice of a skilled and qualified candidate he or she is given a referral bonus. This type of recruitment is cost effective and efficient, since it can be done on employment of all sizes and in all industries. This process is essential to Outback steakhouse because the best candidates are selected through this process thus enabling the company to stay ahead of competition. The process is also of benefit to the restaurant since it reduces expenditure in the recruitment process (Stewart & Brown, 2008). Outback also considers recruitment consultancies for the selection of its candidates. Consultancies normally have links with candidates who are passive and active and that makes them easier for them to locate these potential employees.Recruitment consultancies handle all the selection procedures on behalf of the company thus making it cost effective in terms of time consumption. Therefore, this means that the consultancy company does role profiling, response management, probationary management and candidate selection (Stewart & Brown, 2008).This method of selecting candidates through consultancy normally give Ouback a competitive advantage because the choice of the employees is the best thus bringing a positive input to the company. Job advertisements are other forms of recruiting and selecting candidates for employment where candidates are supposed to fill application forms either online or through news papers and other advertisement agencies. Although this process of filling application forms is rather cumbersome but it works well for Ouback. Job advertisements are good because they give candidates various options in the choice of the