ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
There are public K-12 education issues which cannot be handled by using the standard school procedures and require judicial resolution. As opposed to the European systems, the American public school education system in s federalism with decentralized educational structure and diverse perspectives on the rules of handling the conflicts in all the fifty states. Meeting the demands of the contemporary educational system, the san school administrators need to constantly enhance their knowledge of legal issues and the innovative trends in the sphere. The interviewee, a district superintendent, has taken several pieces of training on the legal resolution of the school conflicts which were helpful for his professional practice. Still, future training is important for deepening knowledge and being in the know of the latest changes in the sphere. Because of the constant lack of time, the superintendent does not regularly receive training on legal issues through this aspect of the school administrator’s professional competence is of crucial importance for handling the situations when the law is violated which may occur at a public school. There is a wide range of high-risk situations in which the conflicts of interests and illegal behavior may take place. The teacher-related and the student-related cases are the two broad categories which require administrator’s knowledge of appropriate procedures and legislative norms for handling the problems which require the judicial resolution. Employee discrimination, educator misconduct, and the employment issues which are predetermined with the changes in the Family Medical Leave Act are the most frequently occurring teacher-related cases. The student discipline and No Child Left Behind Program Implementation are the main student-related issues which may take place in the practice of the public K-12 system and require special attention at the legal training. The interviewee said that the main difficulties with solving the conflicts at the public schools are predetermined with the federalist nature of the American public school system, the particular discrepancies in the legislation acts between the states and the ongoing processes of changes in the existing procedures. Alexander and Alexander (2005) noted that “The power of operation of the public educational system originates with a constitutional delegation to the legislature to provide for a system of education” (p. 2). It means that all the legal procedures have the con
Introduction Scientists normally derive relationships connecting parameters on the basis of “modeling” which is basically “guessing” a function and trying to fit in parameters. Hence, the essence of this experiment is to understand how scientist achieve and accomplish the same. These relationships are vital in the derivation of scientific principles. In this experiment, the aim was to derive a relationship between the mass and the diameter of clay spheres to obtain the density. Seven clay spheres of different dimensions were taken alongside their masses which were recorded for analysis. A model equation, m=a (d) ^n, was obtained courtesy of a prior knowledge of the relationship between the mass, density and volume. The value of n (density) that would linearise the equation on the GA was obtained. Another linearised graph, Ln d against Ln m, was plotted to confirm the value of n. From the experiment, the values of n for the two graphs were approximately equal to 3. The value of ‘a’ for the two graphs was approximately equal to 0.9. Hence, the relationship is connected by the formula; m=0.9d^3. There were slight discrepancies in the values of the slopes, ±0.0015 and ±0.105, for both root equation and Ln-Ln axes respectively. This has a bearing on the nature of the material of the sphere which succumbs to slight pressure and as such subject to faulty vernier reading. This can be minimized by the use of more firm materials. Otherwise the experiment achieved its objective of ‘modeling’ an equation of the relationship between m and d. Objective of the experiment The objective of this experiment is to understand the idea behind scientific “modeling” of physical effects which forms the basis for scientific pri
Abraham Lincoln was the sixteenth President of the United States and is well known for his humble beginnings as he was born in a log cabin in frontier Kentucky. He received very little formal education as a child and yet rose to the highest position in the land largely thanks to his own initiative in teaching himself everything he needed to know. He is perhaps most known as the President who successfully kept the nation together when the north and the south went to war over slavery. One of the more important events during this war was the battle at Gettysburg. This battle represented a turning point in the war in favor of the Union army as well as a turning point in the thinking of the President as revealed through his documents. President Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address was delivered at the site in Pennsylvania where four months previous, more than 50,000 soldiers from both sides of the Civil War were killed or wounded. This battle at Gettysburg took the lives of more Americans than any other in history. At Gettysburg, many thousands of decomposing bodies littered the battlefield, many of which were buried in very shallow graves. According to a witness, “body parts stuck up here and there. Hogs rooted out the bodies and devoured them” (Wills, 1992: 21). To alleviate the gruesome situation, a national cemetery was planned so that the dead could be buried properly. The dedication of the cemetery was held before all the thousands of bodies could be buried, but it was hoped that a formal and somber ceremony would serve to change the horrific scene of butchery to a place of honor and one that displayed a more peaceful ambiance. The degree to which this was hoped and achieved can be discovered by examining some of the original documents associated with Lincoln’s famous address. Lincoln’s comments in the Gettysburg Address comprised less than 300 words although the total number varies by which document consulted. The Hay copy is strongly believed to have been one of two drafts of the speech written prior to its delivery, but this remains uncertain. Though very brief, Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address is still regarded as one of the country’s most revered speeches because it eloquently spoke of subjects that went far beyond the battle or the war. The first line of Lincoln’s Address, ‘four score and seven years ago is one of, if not the most well-known line of any speech in American history. This refers to 1776, the year the country was born. The remainder of the first paragraph speaks of the equality for all men de
This study will seek to address the concept of streaming for the new economy by addressing the positive and negative effects of streaming as well as its implication on the education sector. Streaming within the field of education refers to how students are grouped or separated based on their academic ability and knowledge level skills. Streaming which is otherwise known as tracking in the United States, involves teachers and school administrators assigning various classes to the school population by examining the overall academic accomplishment of individual students in the school curriculum and categorising their achievements in terms of below average, normal and above average,. Through streaming, students with similar learning capabilities are taught within classes that foster the same learning techniques and academic ability. This type of tracking is usually done for younger students who are in middle school or junior high while the tracking done for older students is mostly based on the subjects that the students are taught within the classroom (Taylor and Krahn 103). According to Taylor and Krahn (104), students who have been placed in academically advanced streams or tracks cover subjects such as higher mathematics, foreign language studies such as French, Spanish or German classes and literary works. Students who have been placed in lower academic tracks cover the more technical aspects of learning where they acquire vocational skills such as carpentry, welding, bookkeeping or typing skills. Streaming differs from ability grouping where the scale and permanence of tracking students is of a long-term and permanent nature while that of ability grouping is often short-term in nature as it never lasts longer than a normal school year. Ability groups are usually small and informal groups set up by classroom facilitators and teachers during certain lessons so that students are able to help each other when it comes to difficult classroom assignments (Hyland 65). An example of ability groups within the classroom setting is when a Maths teacher decides to separate students into various groups based on their learning capabilities and levels. Students who did not understand the previous classroom lesson might be placed in one group while those who are ready to learn new class material might be placed in another group. The instructor might decide to take on a new ability group in the next Mathematics lesson where he/she groups students who have a higher academic capability with those who have a low capability of grasping new concepts. Advantages of Streaming/Tracking Streamed classes are beneficial for most teachers when it comes to coordinating their lessons where they are able to design lessons that will meet the specific learning abilities of every student within the class stream. Streaming ensures that students who are gifted are able to obtain positive results in their academic work especially if they are placed within streams that have been designed for gifted and talented students. Streaming also ensures that students with a higher intellectual capacity are able to learn within the same classroom environment as those
Abstract Technology is a very essential requirement in modern society and as result, things like waste production, resource exploitation; misuse and further technological research are inevitable. The major worry concerning environment conservation is release of material to the environment whose presence can be very damaging. Wastes from factories are the most feared substances that result in environmental degradation and health problems in living things. These wastes, in most cases, are hazardous to human health and the biosphere at large when improperly managed. There are campaigns all over the world to conserve the environment and prevent human beings from suffering from the effects that could emanate from inappropriate management of technology. In view of this, technological impact on the environment as well as human life has to be managed properly so that it is friendly and economical. As much as technology is hailed as having made life so easy and most of the things very convenient, it has contributed adversely on the destruction of the environment. People’s health is increasingly getting affected by environmental causes though medical services are improving so much as a result of technology. Introduction For the purpose of this study, referring to technology implies an instrument that enables better understanding of healthcare and maintaining better medical conditions through proper management of the environment and health information. Most of the people nowadays hold technology in very high regard. This is because it is here for human survival and betterment of life. However, this is not what technology seem to be achieving as it also comes with very devastating consequences that in fact threaten human life. Technology has been linked to the environment and human health for over 100 years now. The greatest occurrence being the industrial revolution which saw technology take new heights and increased disposal of waste to the environment. Human beings have been very relaxed in developing machinery that could be very critical in managing these wastes. Insomuch as technology is considered as the turning point of the society; it might as well as be the downfall of humanity if not properly managed. It also seems that there is even greater risk with the increasing advancement in technology. Not only have people fabricated new technology for healthcare, but have also constructed factories that continue to pollute the environment ranging from the air pollution, radioactive radiations, noise and water pollution Impact of Technology on Health Technology does not only refer to what is called high-tech creativity, inventiveness and computerization, but also simple crafting and transforming of some materials so that man is able to maneuver with the natural resources and satisfy his needs (Grundfest, 2005). Even as ea
Introduction Quaker Oats Company is the leading supplier of food and breakfast cereal products in the US. The company has a long history, dating back to as far as 1901. In the current competitive markets, market segmentation is one of the strategies which can ensure that the company positions itself well so that it improves its level of profitability. This paper analyzes how market segmentation can give competitive advantage to Quaker Oats Company. Quaker Oats Company Business organizations aim to make a profit and increase their share of the market by making quality goods and services and by ensuring product availability to customers. Quaker Oats Company is not an exception; making a profit, and increasing the share of the market remains the company primary objective. To make a profit, Quaker Oats Company aims to satisfy market demand by employing skilled people to make quality goods. Reference for Business (2012), states “we plan to do this by making Quaker Oats a winning company, a place where talented people have opportunities” (para. 1). It is not enough to make quality products, consumers must access products where they live and work. In addition, Quaker Oat Company must make products for which consumers desire to buy (Reference for Business, 2012, para. 1). Looking at the future, Quaker Oats Company, must define its current market, cultivate future consumers, make quality products, and carry out an aggressive campaign to market its products. Market segmentation The first step at increasing market share involves determining the market segment to target and focus resources to that market. Business Dictionary (2012) defines market segmentation as “the process of defining and subdividing a large, homogenous market into clearly identifiable segments having similar needs, wants, or demand characteristics” (para. 1). The market appears homogenous, but when studied differences emerge based on age, consumer preference, location and income. For Quaker to succeed, it must segment the market and focus at satisfying the need of the market it chooses. Segmenting a market has the advantage of enabling an organization to satisfy consumers’ needs, and a result, develop a competitive advantage. Based on the nature of products manufactured and sold by Quakers Oat Company, its management must segment the market in three ways based on income, family type, and lifestyle. Inc
Introduction Corporate culture is a significant element that constitutes the conceptual backbones of any business organization. It embraces a set of shared beliefs, traditions, and standards that represent the nature of the organization. In his book on corporate culture, John Kotter (2008) operates with the following definition of the notion: “when people talk of corporate culture, they usually mean values and practices that are shared across all groups in a form, at least within senior management” (p. 6). Thus, the author points out that corporate culture always starts with the management that establishes the rules and certain guidelines for the workers of the organization to follow. Main text Corporate culture is a complex concept that implies a wide range of notions and acts. It stretches from the business decisions that specific organizations take and the ways that they use to perform their main tasks. Naturally, all small organizations, as well as global corporations, use some standard, signature solutions that become the parts of their corporate cultures. The longer these solutions work and bring fruitful results, the more stable corporate cultures they build. For instance, if the management of the establishment decides to increase advertising expenditures for some specific revenues that lag and the results turn out to be successful, then such a standard solution becomes a part of the corporate culture of the organization (Kotter, 2008). Moreover, corporate culture implies several details. These are, for example, the elements of specific clothing, the rules of behavio
Over the years, photos have been used in advertisements. Photography is believed to have many impacts on advertising efforts. So as to discuss this topic, this paper shall: trace the development of photography on advertising; discuss the positive impacts of photography on advertising; and discuss the negative impacts of photography on advertising. A conclusion that summarizes the key points discussed shall be made in the last section of the paper. Some recommendations shall also be included in the conclusion. Development of Photography Advertising At first, consumers did not seem to have interpretative qualities of photographs, since commercial men used photography as a way of educating the consumers on the benefits of their product. However, in the early 20th century some advertising psychologists discovered that consumers were open to propositions (Stroebel and Richard 25). Consequently, these psychologists provided support for an innovative and suggestive advertising strategy. At the same time, trained photographers of the time added specialists who included: art managers, copywriters, psychologists and account managers to serve as agency workers. The Photography art managers typically drew and decorated pictures with this novel and suggestive advertising tactic. In 1920s, the advertising industry grew rapidly as a result of the vibrant economy and the national distribution of goods rose from 15 to 80 percent in 1930 (Stroebel and Richard 27). After the First World War, the advertising business professionalized swiftly, with novel art managers founding specialized organizations. Noticeably, the New York Art Directors Club which was established in the first part of the 20th century began supporting shows and magazines, thus setting a model for analogous clubs globally. The incredible bazaar for advertising photography offered chances for photographers of diverse artistic tendencies. In the late 20th century, contemporary photography advertising, specifically, bloomed as a proper representation for the insecure in terms of contemporary styles and trends. Contributions by Arthur Wesley Dow, who advocated for an autonomous model of art appreciation and urged the relevance of fine-art principles to industrial and commercial design, were magnanimous (Stroebel and Richard 27). Photographers assumed a contemporary style derived from tilted vantage points, tonal disparity, and extra geometric works of art which sharpened focus that subjugated in advertising photography (Reedy 69). Photography advertisement industry grew with a lot of clients who dealt with beauty products, packaged foods, cars, jewelry, soaps, and so on (Reedy 70). By the end of the 20th century virtually all visual advertising was photographed (Ingledew 28). Since then, photographers have worked closely with art directors, who aid in suggesting photographic interpretations, so as to deliver the right message to the audience. Currently, in th
Introduction To develop a committed, highly qualified workforce that would contribute to the organization, it is essential to use evidence-based talent recruitment strategies. Fortunately, research in talent sourcing and recruitment provides numerous recommendations to companies based on scholarly evidence. The present report focuses on the case of Marks and Spencer, a large UK-based retailer. The nature of the company’s business creates a constant need for highly qualified and experienced staff on all corporate levels. Thus, it is essential for the company to use a variety of evidence-based talent recruitment strategies to fulfill its organizational goals. The report aims to support good recruitment practices in Marks and Spencer. To fulfill this goal, good practice in talent recruitment and the current approaches in place in Marks and Spencer will be analyzed, and recommendations for improvement will be provided based on results. Review of Good Practice Some of the most crucial concerns in the current literature on talent recruitment are person-organization fit and person-job fit. According to the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD, 2015, p. 7), attracting the right people to the organization is essential for building a strong workforce. As a result, activities such as job crafting, workforce characteristics analysis, and vision clarification are part of contemporary good practice in talent recruitment (Chapman and Mayers, 2015, p. 28; CIPD, 2015, pp. 7-8; Tims, Derks and Bakker, 2016, pp. 45-46). Through these activities, companies aim to define the characteristics of people who would fit into the position and the organization as a whole and narrow down recruitment strategies to attract these individuals. The focus on person-organization and person-job fit is justified by the potential benefits of these concepts for organizational performance. Research shows that person-organization fit is an important predictor of in-role performance of employees (Hamstra, Van Vianen, and Koen, 2018). Additionally, higher person-organization fit has been shown to reduce turnover and improve satisfaction (Boon and Biron, 2016, p. 2177; Chen, Sparrow, and
The United States taxicabs operate under a well constructed and developed framework. Most cities in the country adhere to a licensing system which limits the number of taxicabs permitted to operate within the confines of the city. These permits are often referred to as medallions or CPNC (“ Certificate of Public Necessity and Convenience” ). (Calver, 308) Issues related market entry for taxi business is controlled by the taxi regulatory authorities based on city dependent predetermined guidelines. A key decision that such regulatory bodies are required to make relates to the number of taxi registrations allowed at a particular point of time. If too few taxicabs are allowed to operate, the ensuing shortage of service facilities may lead to long waits for cab service and at times may fail to access the service by any means. On the other hand, a saturate condition of the industry may induce service difficulties like old and madly maintained vehicles and high turnover of poorly paid
This is an infection that cuts the blood supply to the testicles and the entire scrotum region due to the twisting of the spermatic cord. Notably, the spermatic cord plays essential roles in the lower abdomen; for instance, it allows sperm into the urethra and transports blood to the testicles. Therefore, a disturbance in this connection like loose attachment of the spermatic cord to the scrotum will result into the above complications. When the cord twists, it causes pain and swelling of the testicles. The pain is often severe that the testicles reduce in size and even die if no attended to in not more than six hours ( Urology Care Foundation – Urology A-Z – Testicular Torsion , 2011). Testicular torsion occurs in individuals whose testes can swing freely in the scrotum thus twisting easily. Affected individuals feels nauseated and vomit frequently. In addition, patients notice the high position of the testicle and abnormal cremasteric reflex. Its occurrence is common during physical activities like sports; however, it can occur at any time mostly in ages between 12 and 16. Additionally, this defect can result due to a person’s family history on testicular torsions and an individual’s past history on testicular torsions; for example, if one had experienced such pain without treatment, there are high chances of re-occurrence (Rupp, 2011). When this torsion occurs, an immediate medical surgery is necessary to be conducted within the shortest time possible; that is, no