ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Don DeLillo in Running Dog said, “Those Nazis had a thing for movies. They put everything on film […]. Film was essential to the Nazi era. Myth, dreams, memory” (52). The phrase perfectly underlines the situation which happened in Germany during Nazi regime. Movies have become the priority for the country. Even money and income were not that attractive and important as movies. Whys did it happen? What were the reasons for the increase of the interest in the movies during the Nazi regime? All these questions are going to be answered here. There is a great value in the Nazi movies as during this era Hitler and his supporters needed to manipulate others applying to the propaganda via mass media and choosing the movies Hitler was sure to support the interest of people in this particular way of insertion of necessary ideas in the nation. It is easy to follow the increase of the movies production in the Nazi Germany with the beginning of the regime. The main reason for this is propaganda. Nazi rulers wanted to manipulate people and their thoughts, that is why the choice of the mass methods for this may be considered as the best one. People were interested in movies, there is no need to make them watch those and the propaganda ideas were really powerful there. Germans came very seriously to the movie production as the quality of the movies and ideas presented there were really important for the realization of the Hitler plan. Hitler wanted to make sure that all people in the country do not have doubts in the strength of the nation and in the possibility to win. Hitler Youth Quex (1933) is the movie about the conflict between Communist father and Hitler directed son. At the end of the movie Hitler ideology wins. Kopf Hoch, Johannes! (1941) and Triumph des Willens/Triumph of the Will (1934) were the best propaganda movies which showed that Nazi nation was the best in the world and it deserved victory and occupation in other countries. One of the main ideas
Introduction People consider trade as one among the human activities that enhanced cultural exchange during the sixteenth century. During this period, merchants embarked on trade missions that lasted months and years on either land or sea. The fact that the commodities involved in the trade were only available in some regions forced these merchants to travel or sail to different destinations in search of those commodities that were not available in their regions. Cultural values such as religious beliefs, art or aesthetic values, language, and even systems of government are among the cultural values that were exchanged during these trading missions (Sanders et al, 2006, p.69). This paper examines how trading activities during the sixteenth century enhanced the exchange of these values among people of different ethnicities who were involved in trade in the different trade routes that existed in the period. Cultural aspects exchanged through trade during the sixteenth century Religion Some of the world’s famous religions benefitted immensely from the trading activities in the sixteenth century. Merchants spread their religious beliefs and practices along the route of their trade. For instance, Christianity and Islam experienced a substantial boost in the sixteenth century as traders introduced the religions to new people they encountered along their trade routes. Arab traders from Asia who were engaged in trading activities in North Africa took advantage of the opportunity accorded to them by the trading activities to spread Islam in the region. As a result, even today most of the North African states are Islam states. Christianity and Buddhism also spread immensely to some African, European, American and Asian nations where the beliefs never existed before. Art/ aesthetic values Art and aesthetic values were also exchanged immensely during the trading activities of the sixteenth century. The medium of exchange of artistic and aesthetic values was in either written form or oral. The commodities of trade in some aspects inspired this exchange in cases where by traders sold their artifacts to others who fancied them. In most cases, people considered cultures as superior to others that benefited most from this cultural exchange (Van Tielhof, 2002, p.112). The most civilized cultures passed their aesthetic values to other cultures who considered them as superior. Language Just like the artistic and aesthetic values, languages that people considered superior to others were considerably exchanged. As a result, they spread tremendously during the trading activities of the sixteenth century. Languages such as English spread considerably during this period for a couple of reasons. For instance, most traders found the English language as the best-suited language for business purposes, which made even non-English speakers struggle and muster the language. Second is the fact that the Bible was experiencing more translations into the English language, which made more and more people who h
Online video games have already become an essential component of popular culture. A variety of technological products is actively used to train pilots and other safety occupations for better professional skills. Until recently, there was no specific knowledge or empirical evidence with regard to the effect video games may produce on users’ skills. It appears, however, that video games can become a relevant source of better practical knowledge and abilities which young users are to use in the practice. Unfortunately, there is no sufficient information that could unilaterally confirm the positive nature of video games when used by users in practical performance, but the results of recent researches suggest that video games provide unlimited opportunities for the development of better practical skills and avoiding major mistakes (Soukup 43). Video games are often linked to problems including bad grades and violent behavior of people. The idea has been accentuated in the ScienCentral News video reports. The study suggests that might make users do a better job. Confidentiality relates to information sought, obtained, or held by an organization, the disclosure of which might be detrimental to that organization or to the third party that supplied it. In many cases, it is difficult to control e-mail communication between employees and protect information security (Aarseth, 99). The paper will try to answer and research the question “Why people are addicted to online video games? How does it affect their life?” Online video games create a new reality and can be interested as a “second life” of the user. Bad communications lead to conflict. In this situation, employees cannot find a unified and single solution for the project or program competing with one another during meetings and negotiations. Also, e-mail is not an ideal form to solve current business problems, because it takes time to type an e-mail instead of “simply calling someone if the message is short” (Hartt n.d.). In some cases, employees must accept e-mails inflexibilities, and learn how to interpret the information provided to them and how to make correct deci­sions based on written short messages. On the other hand, electronic mail systems store and then deliver to electronic ‘mail boxes’ which enable the recipient to retrieve the message when convenient.. The main problems that affected e-mail communication include lack of mutual understanding, lack of openness in relations, and damaged relations, chaos situations (Bates, 45). Critics admit that: Despite this growing concern, children still seem to be spending time playing video games. A recent report released by the Kaiser Family Foundation (1999) reveals that a majority of 2- to 18-year-old children in this country have access to video game technology in their homes. (Smith 54). As such, whatever is happening in the society in According the theory of the social construction of reality, each person is undeniably a perception and interaction with others. As such, this proves that culture is a vital component that affects the formation of one’s identity. In
Executive summary This report investigates the current information technology systems being used by Fedex Corporation and evaluates the effects of the adoption of these systems on the performance of the company in terms of productivity and profitability. The investigation has been carried out through evaluating the information systems that the company has adopted over the years and the benefits that have been derived from the use of these systems. The annual expenditures of the company on IT systems have also been presented by use of a graph. The investigation reveals that the company has been using various information systems and is in fact among the industry leaders in terms of IT use. Comparisons with the industry leader i.e. UPS have been carried out and conclusions have been drawn. Introduction Fedex Corporation is a US Multinational courier services Corporation. The company was incorporated in 1997 and has its headquarters in Memphis, Tennessee. The acquisition of Caliber Systems Inc, another US company, by Federal Express in 1998 resulted in the founding of Fedex Corporation as is known today. After the acquisition of Caliber, the company introduced new business services. These were an addition to the existing express shipping line of operation. The company’s services portfolio include transportation services, business services and e-commerce services and are available to customers across the globe. The company records annual revenues in excess of $43 billion and employs more than 300,000 team members (Fedex, 2013). Use of IT in Fedex Over the years, the company has been experimenting with new information systems. For example, in 2010, the company introduced a system that sought to expand its capabilities to carry out frozen shipping activities in the life sciences sector. Using the new and improved technology makes sure that products being shipped remain in frozen conditions for a longer period of time. This is normally not the case with dry-ice shipping which, in most cases, requires re–icing of products while they are on transit. The company also carried out a complete overhaul of the online tracking system by installing an advanced system that improved the visibility of ships while on- transit using the web and computers. Another major technological advancement associated with the company is the use of a new and improved avionics system for their aircraft. This system is expected to improve the efficiency of the aircraft during takeoff and landing (Avnish, et al., 2010). Productivity in Fedex Productivity can be defined as the average measure of the production efficiency of a company (Griliches & Jorgenson, 1966). It is the ratio of the output from production to the input used in the production process (Balk, 1998). Productivity and IT services at Fedex For Fedex and the courier services industry in general, there are various attributes that can be used to measure the overall productivity of the company. These attributes may include the organization and
When Juan Gines de Sepulveda and Bartolome de Las Casas held a debate in 1550, Juan argued that the “Indians were savages and deserved to be enslaved.” Bartolome countered the argument by arguing that the Indians were fully capable of reason and that conversion to Christianity should be accomplished without force or coercion. The arguments made by Sepulveda represented the views and supported the Spanish colonists, while the argument made by las Casas represented the feelings and supported the views of the church and crown (Faragher 41). Arguments presented by Juan Gines de Sepulveda Sepulveda believed that the Spaniards had a perfect right to rule the “barbarians in the New World.” He considered the native Indians to be inferior, and compared them to apes. He based his arguments on the culture of the Indians to wage continual and ferocious wars as well as their habit of eating flesh of their enemies. He disregarded the argument that they could learn, claiming that they did not show any human cleverness, because even birds, animals, and spiders make structures that no man can competently imitate. He faulted their system of governing where nobody owned anything individually, which he could bequeath to his children. He claimed that these people had no liberty, and were not forced into the life through use of arms, but they voluntarily agreed to it. He said that this formed the basis of the “service and base soul of these barbarians.” He continued to say that, if they did not like the way they lived they would revolt and kill the king for the betterment of the society, and because they failed to do this, he saw that the Indians were “born to slavery and not to civic life and liberal life.” He used this argument to advocate enslavement of the Indians, because this would be better than their normal lives (Faragher 41). Arguments presented by Bartolome de Las Casas Las Casas presented his arguments at the court and started by first saying that, “the Indians are our brothers.” To counter Sepulveda’s arguments, he began by “humanizing” the Indians. He portrayed them not as savages, but a people that lived in cities, had kings, judges, and carried different roles in the society such as traders. He claimed that the assertions made by Sepulveda were baseless, went against Aristotle’s teachings, and were merely slanderous. He agreed with Sepulveda’s claims that the Indians were barbaric. Despite this, the Indians according to him were capable of ruling themselves and could learn about the Catholic faith without use of force or coercion. He continued to counter the claims made by Sepulveda by saying that even before the Indians had heard the word Spaniards, they lived in organized states and to a point, their system was superior to the one in Spain. He poses the question to the Spanish people, whether enslavement would be the best way to “remove barbarism from the minds of barbarians.” He concluded by saying that Christ died for everyone, and thus the Spaniards had no reason to persecute the Indians by calling them savages or enslaving them
Introduction International and national air operators usually assign their crewmembers flight duty times and rest periods as per the requirements of Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), which aim at ensuring that pilots have sufficient rest to carry out their duties effectively and contribute to the improvement of aviation safety. A longer flight period with minimal rest is one of the sources of fatigue in most crewmembers. Pilot fatigue raises major concerns in the aviation industry as it increases the risk of the pilot making mistakes that could result to an accident. While it is important that the crew exercise caution in their actions, communications, and observations to promote aviation safety, sufficient rest is a necessary requirement as it reduces fatigue. Fatigue leads to physiological and performance burnouts, which increase the risk of accidents. Adequate rest of the crewmembers reduces fatigue and ensures that the pilots remain alert during flight thus contributing to flight safety. The common fatigue risk factors such as inadequate sleep due to long flight hours and sleep disorders like insomnia reduce the level of pilot alertness; a major contributing factor to pilot error leading to flight incidents and accidents. Factors that contribute to Pilot Fatigue A high percentage of pilot fatigue, which often results in flight accidents, is mainly attributed to inadequate sleep by the crewmembers (Caldwell & Caldwell, 2003, p. 67). Good quality sleep of up to eight hours helps to avoid the risk of fatigue in crewmembers. Decline in sleep hours accumulates sleep over time, which eventually results to pilot fatigue. Night flights affect the normal sleep cycle, which reduces the level of pilot alertness and induces fatigue. In addition, daytime sleep by pilots working in night shifts presents a major problem, as it is often shorter than night sleep. Pilots required to report early are also deprived of enough sleep and are thus prone to fatigue during daytime flights. Consecutive flight duties with little or no rest periods lead to sleep debt, which contributes to fatigue. The workload assigned to the crewmembers also contributes to fatigue during duty hours. Aviation often involves taxing mental work and consequently pilots need sufficient rest to remain alert during subsequent flights. However, heavy workload assigned to crewmembers particularly short-distance flight pilots contributes to fatigue. Short-distance pilots have to perform many take-offs and landings compared to long-distance pilots, who engage in a single long distance flight in 24 hours. Consequently, short-distance pilots are more prone to fatigue than long-distance pilots are. However, the long-distance flight crewmembers also experience mental boredom due to the long continuous flight period and can likewise have fatigue. Long-haul flights pilots have prolonged duty periods, which imply they have to remain alert for a long period and thus easily fatigued. Psychological and physical factors also contribute to
Introduction The generation gap is a persistent problem that prevents the younger generation from learning and finding their way in life. Tuesdays with Morrie by Albom is an explicit example of how accepting the authority of an older person can help the younger generation to deal with their emotional issues and set their priorities. Before spending fourteen weeks with his professor, Mitch was unable to engage in his life and relationships due to the inability to deal with his emotions. At the same, communication between generations is also vital for the elderly, since it brings peace and a sense of purpose to their lives. The analysis of the plot, characters, and themes of Tuesdays with Morrie leads to the understanding that today’s society prevents younger adults from learning from the elderly. Plot Summary Tuesdays with Morrie is a novel written in the form of memoirs about the meetings of Mitch Albom and his college professor, Morrie Schwartz, who has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The action takes place in the nineties, during the O. J. Simpson trial, when Mitch accidentally finds out that his college professor, who was once very dear to him, is terminally ill. Mitch recalls that he once promised to keep in touch with his professor, but failed to do so. Albom decides to visit Morrie and finds him slowly losing control of his body due to the illness. After the first meeting, during which the professor and his student discuss the importance of love, Mitch decides to visit Morrie every Tuesday and talk about life. During the following fourteen weeks, the narrator witnesses the gradual decline of Morrie’s life while taking essential lessons from him. Every week the two characters focus on a specific topic, and Mitch records the conversation. The novel describes how Morrie teaches to deal with regrets, self-pity, and the fear of aging. The professor preaches the importance of love and family while criticizing American culture and greed. Throughout the meetings, Morrie tries to accept his fate and find a piece with his illness slowly moving to identify himself with his spirit rather than the body. Shortly after the fourteenth meeting, Morrie passes away, and Albom writes the memoir to help pay for his professor’s extensive medical bills and passing the wisdom to further generations. Analysis Characters The has two main characters, Mitch Albom, the narrator, and Morrie Schwartz, the interviewee. Mitch is a middle-aged man who has given up his dream of becoming a pianist to afford a living. He is a successful journalist who is financially prosperous but unhappy. According to Michau and Louw, Albom seeks assistance in personal life to become a successful person, since he was already successful professionally (140). He struggles from being emotionally handicapped since he does not know how to express his feelings in front of others. Even though in his articles, Albom writes about the misfortunes and hardships of others, he does not feel sympathetic and remains emotionally detached from the problems of others. The fourteen weeks spent with his mentor help Mitch learn life’s
Scope Statement The city of Madrid uses landfills as part of its waste management efforts. After landfills fill up, they require rehabilitation. This project relates to the construction of a sustainable green park in Madrid as part of a land reclamation program on a decommissioned landfill. The city council of Madrid is in charge of the preliminary processes including land stabilization, and certification of the land as fit for public use. It is also in charge of rehabilitating access roads to the site. Greenscape International Plc (GI) has won the tender to construct a sustainable green park on the site. This tender includes organic development, construction of a maintenance office, and provision of renewable lighting. The scope of the project includes laying turf, planting trees, and landscaping. It also includes the design and installation of park equipment and buildings, provision of water and sanitation facilities at the maintenance workshop, installation of the solar powered street lighting, and a mini waste collection and recycling facility. The city council of Madrid designed the park, and invited bids for its delivery. Pre Planning Project Selection Criteria For the City Council of Madrid, this project is part of larger land reclamation program, which exists to rehabilitate landfills that are out of use. Its role in selecting this project was the development of the projects objectives and its design for fulfilment by a third party. The city council needed a project that would give the city an opportunity to make good use of the land left behind by one of the recently decommissioned landfills. The council chose to include a sustainable green park as one of the projects in its land rehabilitation program. On the other hand, GI chose this project because it met three key conditions, which the company uses to determine projects to pursue. The first condition is that the project is in an urban area. GI seeks to develop sustainable green spaces in urban areas because of the unabated development of manmade structures that turn cities into concrete jungles. Secondly, the project had the support and participation of the city council of Madrid. The participation of local authorities is a critical success factor for the development of green spaces. All projects that GI engages in must fulfil this condition. The third condition is that the project must make business sense. GI calculates a favourable return on the project and sends its bid based on this price. The Madrid project met this condition. Estimation of Project Times and Costs The project will have three major phases covering a total of nine weeks. The first one is landscaping. This will involve soil excavated from fresh landfills to the new site in order to create the required topography. It will also include the development of rock formations. The plan includes various natural and artificial rock faces designed to increase the aesthetic appeal of the park. The second phase of the project will be organic development. This includes laying turf, planting of trees and planting of flowers in the park. The turf for the proje