ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Project Summary   * Refugees self-sufficiency program is an initiative that is aimed at helping refugees at the Miami refugee center, mainly refugees from Iraq and Cuba, to learn computer skills, internet usage and improve their language skills to help them get employment.   * The project will involve setting up a refugee IT center at the Miami Refugee Center.   * The project will be spearheaded by the Association of University Students (AUS) in collaboration with the UNHCR, local NGO’s and volunteer groups. Project Background   * The UNHCR defines a refugee as “Any person who, owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality or political opinion, is outside the country of his/her nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear or for reasons other than personal convenience, is unwilling to avail himself/herself for the protection of that country.” (UNHCR, 1985)   * The U.S military invasion of Iraq and Fidel Castro’s reign in Cuba resulted in Thousands of Iraqi and Cuban refugees being resettled in the U.S.   * Due to their race, language barriers lacks adequate computer knowledge and discrimination. The refuge has been unable to secure employment and adapt to the U.S culture. Statement of the Problem   * The U.S lacks a national policy on refugee integration, limited and timely assistance is given to refugees to help them with their immediate needs. There are no policies to cater to long-term refugee integration (Dwyer, 2010).   * The refugees are usually victims of war and political discrimination. Most of them are unskilled in modern life practices and lack formal education. They face cultural adjustment problems and are unable to get formal employment due to their lack of formal education and language barriers.   * Refugees face rejection and hostilities from the Native Americ
Introduction Research data from 2011 to 2013 reveals a rather interesting trend in the past 2 years wherein consumer spending has decreased within the U.K., U.S. and Europe yet has significantly increased within China and other Asian countries. Some financial analysts have connected such an occurrence with the current popularity of Asia as an outsourcing destination thereby resulting in positive economic benefits for the local economy. Since consumer demand within Tesco’s traditional markets has been waning, it thus necessitates the debate as to whether the company should think of expanding into international markets such as those in Asia (particularly China) in order to take advantage of this market opportunity. It is based on this that this paper will explore the current problems within traditional markets for expansion such as the U.S. and will delve into the advantages found in new markets in Asia such as China. The Company Tesco is the world’s 3rd largest retailer with numerous stores located in international locations such as the U.K., Europe and Asia. It controls 30% of the U.K. grocery market and is poised to compete directly with the likes of Wal-Mart in terms of profitability and the number of stores the company has. The Macroeconomic Situation Examining Current Consumer Markets for Expansion Ever since the 2008 financial crisis, the current U.S. consumer market has stagnated even until the final month of 2012. While there are signs of recovery in some sectors, the fact remains that reliance on government aid programs is still at an all time high resulting in a market that seems far to unstable and poor in consumer demand to actually expand into (Aliber 2012, pp. 52-56). The fact is that the scaling back of operations within the U.S. combined with slow economic growth is indicative of a deterioration of consumer spending which makes establishing more Tesco locations within the country far from ideal since it is unlikely that consumers would continue to patronize the products of the company which are priced at a mid to high range as compared to local competitors such as Wal-Mart and Costco which have far cheaper brand name goods (Morris 2012, pp. 20-22). Not only that, there is a significant degree of market saturation within the U.S. wherein super stores such as Wal-Mart, Walgreens and Costco would
Introduction The representation of interests groups in the Canadian society shows how the society influences its political system and the policies it comes up with. Interest groups in Canada have evolved with time giving them immense power as representative groups for the society. However, the way interests grow and develop largely depends on the structure that exists between government and societal values. This article will examine the various ways
The emporium that Bell got and presently enjoys was due to the incentives provided by the authorities as well as the common voracious business operations. This assertion is the major issue that the author of The Invisible Empire: A History of the Telecommunications in Canada, 1846-1956 largely succeeded in elaborating through conclusive facts. After reading the book, one realizes that the author succeeds in explaining some of the issues he raises at the introduction part of the book, viz. the augmentation of currency during the Internet era. The growth of Internet connectivity to a huge industry has tagged along with how Rens had anticipated the telecom industry to develop. Rens had forecasted that the minute number of stakeholders would gulp the increase of services. Bell’s colleagues used territorial acquisition techniques to expand their market power as well as frustrate competitors and introduce various infrastructures even without benefitting from the expansion. However, these tactics failed to help Bell’s colleagues to install local connectivity, and thus increase network value because the Internet mainly used a pre-designed rule of interconnection. The telecommunication industry in Canada has undergone disparate changes in its course of evolution as underscored in the book The Invisible Empire: A History of the Telecommunications Industry in Canada, by Jean-Guy Rens, which forms the subject of this paper. Originally written in 1993, Rens’ book is often considered by telecom experts as a book that its reading is analogous to an escapade novel. Some analysts have compared the political as well as business battles to players in a volley contest. After reading the book, one can truly admit that the assertions of these analysts are utterly true. The Invisible Empire provides an evocative narrative that sums up to huge information about telecommunication progress and challenges in Canada. Over the past decades, one could allude that telecommunication researchers in Canada were not giving the country’s telecommunication background significant attention. This insinuation was factual to some extent considering the amount of energy that was being invested in researching commercial media structures in comparison to the telecom industry. Very few communication institutions saw the significance of studying telecom history. The communication scholars often focused on economic as well as political issues that affected the commercial telecom s
The main idea of this paper is to create a check list devoted to the problem of the information security in Lockheed Martin with referencing to the following problems, identifying risks and vulnerability places with the purpose to avoid or mitigate them.  1. Employing people for software engineers’ and information technology positions, one should remember about the security. Are the contracts devoted to keeping the commercial classified information signed?  2. Does the company care greatly of the information protection?  3. Being an international company, Lockheed Martin should work on implementation and following the company rules and norm in all parts of the world. Do the employees correctly understanding those norms?  4. Does the company protect its interests and information by means of not hiring former government employees?  5. The customers’ sensitive information is protected by means of the technologies applied by Lockheed Martin. The main risk the company is subjected to is the cracking of a software program and breaking authorization protection. Does the company care of the protection of customers’ sensitive information and which actions are provided?  6. People are always more vulnerable than computer programs. Thus, one of the main problems remains information leakage about the passwords and logins. Are passwords and logins properly protected?  7. The leakage of personal customers’ information is also a violation of the law that may be considered as a security risk. Does this risk exist in the company?  8. Is there a risk that some employees will use the resources of the company in improper way connected with the running a personal business and using the information for the personal benefit?  9. Sensitive information is a vulnerable place. May it be used for stock operations on the basis of the “material nonpublic information” (Setting the standard, 2008, p. 29)? 10. Lockheed Martin Cyber Security Assistanceship is a program which is aimed at providing the consultation and training for students who want to work in the company. Is there a hazard that the company will provide the students with the information and they will use in for other activities (Financial Assistance, 2010)? 11. Is the appearance of computer viruses every day a real risk for information protection? 12. May the lack of ethical and legal knowledge be harmful for the whole working process and information security? 13. Is the company unable to update software and Internet Security from viruses? 14. Has Lockheed Martin a disaster recovery plan in case if the problems occur and the company will have to protect what is left? 15. Is the Network Security provided on the appropriate level? 16. Does the company provide audits to follow the violations in the company? 17. Is the physical security in the company which deals with information security on the highest level? 18. Are there the places where the ports are not disabled? Are there the procedures in th
Introduction Alfred Hitchcock has for long been associated with the production and directorship of world-renown films- remaining one of the most influential filmmakers of the 21 st Century, more than 25 years after his demise. His movies, books, and essays elicit great admiration from readers and viewers all over the world, becoming a source of great inspiration for many as they wait for his next movie or book. His use of expressionism, as is exhibited in most of his films, depicts a clear combination of the individual characters’ aesthetic decisions as well as the specific, pre-determined resources. According to Fabe, Hitchcock maintains an experimental capacity for editing or montage to give a keen emotional, social, or political impression as he tells his narrative while paying close attention to the way photographic effects create a psychological expressiveness in the minds of the audience. In the 1948 movie, Rope , highly acclaimed as “one of the most interesting experiments ever attempted by a major director working with big box-office names,” Hitchcock uses stylistic movements to depict the thoughts and feelings of his two major protagonists through the use of both spatial and formal methods. Throughout the movie, expressionism evades its mere simple definition, creating a central impulse as it tries to depict the emotional states of its characters, a distorted society, and a deformed reality. Analysis Alfred Hitchcock is looked upon as one of the all-time great directors, mainly remembered for a well-established system of suspense that most of the upcoming directors, in different eras, have closely tried to emulate. He has held noteworthy information from his audience that has over time captured their attention and allowed them to keenly connect with the film. In the movie “Rope,” Hitchcock was able to bring together two major human characteristics that are regarded as evi
Introduction Market research is categorized into two distinct models, which are the bottom-up approach/ inductive model and the top-down approach/ the deductive model. The main difference between the two models is that deductive research, which is knowledge-driven, operates from a broader generalization to a narrow observation. On the other hand, the inductive research that is feature detective operates from narrow observations to wider generalizations. Deductive/ inductive controversy The deductive approach draws a clear-cut relationship between research and theory. The researcher formulates a hypothesis based on common knowledge about a specific domain, and of theoretical concerns about that domain. Such hypotheses are subsequently subjected to scientific or empirical examinations. The deductive approach is said to be systematic. For example, the process starts from an existing theory to hypothesis formulation, to observing, and finally to generalization (confirmation or rejection of the theory). In the inductive approach, the theory represents the outcome of the research. The induction process entails converting observations into generalized inferences. In other words, the inductive approach is the reverse of the deductive approach because it operates from observation to theory. For example, Sackmann (1992) used the inductive theory to examine the creation and existence of organizational subcultures. She argued that this approach allowed the development of empirical knowledge, which in turn generated significant information into the complexity of culture. This was through the understanding of various kinds of cultural knowledge shared by the organization members (Sackmann, 1992, p.143). She conducted open interviews among the respondents in three distinct research sites of medium-sized US corporations and compared the information to justify the existing theories. According to Sackmann, a new hypothesis emerged, which argued that cultural groupings might result based on functional differentiation. Subsequently, the interviewing members tested the hypothesis and discovered that operating subcultures circled the popularly known descriptions of events and things. Sackmann concluded that the findings or discoveries from her deductive approach might apply as a hypothesis for cultural studies. Examples of Deductive/ inductive controversy Powell (1995) carried out a study to confirm the economic value of total quality management to the company. This was to challenge the existing scientific research, which stated that total quality management is valuable. He argued that quality associations organized most of the studies or consulting firms with many interests in their products. Also, a great number of them did not follow the accepted form of methodological rigor. He later used 15 hypotheses to confirm whether the value of TQM was valuable. Some of these hypotheses were:   * firms offset non-TQM firms;   * term TQM offsets short term TQM firms;   * TQM offsets service TQM firms. He used a measurement scale that considered the organizational structure and climate of firms th
Literature is a wide area of knowledge that contributes to the discovery and propagation of new ideas in society. Through literary discourse, people generate ideas that contribute to the betterment of society and its constituents. Various fields of knowledge characterize the literary domain. Throughout the semester, I had an opportunity to study and broaden my knowledge regarding various aspects of literature. The prominence of Gothic literature was apparent in the course. Through participation in class, I learned numerous facts. Various class activities offered valuable insights into Gothic literature with emphasis on the definition, historical background, and relevance to modern literary discourse. Skills learned during the semester had a positive influence on my writing and critical thinking skills. At the beginning of the semester, I had poor writing skills and critical thinking skills. Various class activities explored avenues and styles of writing. I learned how to incorporate creativity in writing to satisfy the readers. Skills acquired in class shaped my perception of gothic literature as a noble genre that applies creativity and critical thoughts that change society. After undertaking this course, I have high regard for literary discourse that promotes positive thinking in society. I acquired a deeper understanding of Gothic literature and how it influenced various playwrights and thinkers around the world. The course has helped me improve my writing skills by imparting new knowledge. Through studying gothic literature, I got in-depth knowledge about a literary style that continues to gain popularity in contemporary society. Before joining this class, I had inadequate knowledge of the dynamics of literature. For instance, I did not know the history and founders of Gothic literature. I thought that this style is relatively new in literary discourse. However, I learned that this style has roots in the field of literature. Through this course, I made a monumental transition in my capacity as a writer and critical thinker. It has grown my ability to think creatively and outwardly. I acquired the ability to develop creativity and generate ideas that are unconventional and rare. Learning about Gothic literature changed my understanding regarding things that happen in society. I gained the ability to connect horror, hate, romance, and other thematic areas such as love. I have knowledge on diverse topics that affect society, especially those that people are afraid of confronting. I also learned about the relevance of Gothic literature and its effect on the dissemination of ideas in society. Its enthusiasts use it to explore various themes in society. By understanding the genre, I am in a better position to articulate ideas and consequently promote progress in society. The course has been successful and beneficial to me because I have learned new ideas with regard to literature. I have learned how literature promotes change in society. Literature offers an avenue for writers to highlight various areas that need improvement. Through literatu
What I found interesting in the history of German tribes and their migration was that in the process of migration they came into contact with the Romans in many ways which can be categorized into military, trade, sharing of spoils and gifts. It was also strikingly interesting that despite the fact that the Romans placed an embargo on their weapons in order not to let the German tribes access them, the German tribes still got access to the weapons through the trade routes that had been established. Different tribes of Germans had different cultural practices, had served in the Roman legion and joined the Romans in fights. Strikingly, the German Chieftains who collaborated with the Romans in the fight tried to adopt the cultural practices of the Romans. It is of great interest that the German tribes were diversified in terms of cultural practices yet they were identifying themselves with the culture of the Romans. They also got into contact with Romans through trade, gift and plunder. The German tribes attempted to identify themselves with the nobility of the Roman culture interestingly, they identification attempt was meant to gain the services of the military, the German tribes got specific products from the Roman people, unfortunately, not the weapons since the Romans had statutes governing the use of their weapons (Burdon and Haldane, 1971, p. 51). What I found controversial was the plunder of Roman items by the Germans. More controversial was the fact that the continued interaction between the German tribes and Romans, coupled with the penetration of the Roman people by the German tribes in their migration process enabled the Germans to gain Roman weapons. In the process of migrating, the German tribes must have come into contact with many other communities, however, it is interesting that they get into contact with the Romans and they are even ready to adopt their culture. This represents some form of controversy. The Romans gave the German tribes all types of items except weapons. So, it was a great controversy that many of the Roman weapons still found their ways into the hands of German tribes despite the embargo that the Romans had imposed on their weapons. But then, it was also controversial that the German tribes were ready to abandon their respective cultures and adopt that of the Romans. In this case, it may be argued that the German tribes had some hidden agenda they wanted to achieve by being close to the Romans (Newark, 1985, p.80). This could be true as confirmed by (Gilliver et al, 2005, p.42), “…to the lands of other Gallic tribes on which they intended to settle after defeating its inhabitants.” It means the tribe fought to drive inhabitants of the
Tiffany and Co: Recent Events and Their Effects on the Company The first news entry under consideration is from the Reuters website posted there 16 March 2018. It is written by the Reuters staff, and it provides a brief overview of the company’s performance as of March 16. Primarily, the article states that, according to the Tiffany and Co’s report, the company’s revenues rise 8,5 percent (Venugopal, Tiffany Quarterly Revenue Rises ). According to the news entry, this fact is strongly connected with the fact that the holiday shopping season provokes higher demand for the company’s products. However, the next news article on the same website, also written by Venugopal and posted on March 16, dwells upon more particular analysis of the company’s performance. It is stated that Tiffany and Co’s sales were declining for several quarters, and also its shares fell as much as 7.5 percent (Venugopal, Tiffany’s Misses on Same-store Sales ). The company’s insufficient outcomes are discussed since January in media, and it is possible to state that Tiffany and Co have decided to make several steps to diversify its sources of revenue. Therefore, it is evident that media coverage has a positive effect on the company efforts. The third news article is the most recent one on the topic (posted on the Zacks website 21 May 2018), and it reflects the stakeholders’ interest in the company’s further actions. The article aims to predict the results of Tiffany’s first-quarter fiscal 2018 report on May 23 ( Will Tiffany (TIF) Manage to See Higher Earnings in Q1? ). According to the authors from the Zacks website, the company is not likely to beat earnings estimates this quarter ( Will Tiffany (TIF) Manage… ). Even if this assumption will be proven to be right by the results of the report, it is possible to predict that the company will be challenged to continue its efforts on extending the revenue. Tiffany and Co: Overview of the Company This section is dedicated to the overall overview of Tiffany and Co. First of all, it is essential to provide basic information about the company. Primarily, the company is the retailer of luxurious jewelry that is the company’s most recognizable product. However, Tiffany and Co decided to introduce cheaper pieces of jewelry and interior home decorations to appeal to wider customer range (Venugopal, Tiffany’s Misses on Same-store Sales ). Nevertheless, the company is largely recognized as one of the central companies in the premium jewelry industry. The company’s profits come primarily from sales in its authorized stores that are located in various cities and countries around the world. The most famous and brand-associated locations are, of course, the stores located in Manhattan, New York and also in Paris. It is also appropriate to provide an additional historical context. As it is stated