ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Weight Discrimination and Organizational Policymakers Despite the efforts of WHO and the numerous health-related campaigns, a significant part of the population remains overweight. According to the official statistical data provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2016), in 2013-2014, 37.9% of people over 20 years old were obese, whereas, together with overweight members of the U.S. population, the target demographic made 70.7% (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016). Obesity and weight-related issues are typically viewed as health concerns, yet a range of organizations prefer looking at the subject matter solely from the perspective of aesthetic, making the policies that create a leeway for workplace discrimination against people with excessive weight (Bell, 2011). Numerous prejudices that are linked with the image of an overweight person, such as the idea that people with weight-related health issues are “lazy and unmotivated” (Bell, 2011, p. 485). Therefore, it is crucial to manage weight-related discrimination so that the vulnerable population should not be affected by it and could be judged solely on the merits of their skills. Therefore, it is crucial that organizations should reconsider their approach toward HRM, particularly, recruiting the staff by selecting the candidates based on their looks. It should be noted, though, that the identified change in the corporate policy will also require a change in the social standards, as well as the perception of people with weight issue in the society. Thus, active promotion of corporate philosophy based on an ethical approach to decision-making in the HRM department should be viewed as a crucial step (Bell, 2011). Beauty Prejudice in Personal and Professional Life Though not as notorious as racism and sexism, beauty prejudice also has a tangible effect on the way in which relationships between the key stakeholders are shaped. As a result, people with good looks receive the opportunities of which the demographics will less than stellar appearance is deprived. Therefore, beauty prejudices should be viewed just as harmful as any other form of discrimination that exists in the contemporary society. In the workplace, beauty prejudices often define the chances of being hired. In case an RH person is incapable of drawing a line between personal impressions and the assessment of the candidate’s skills, the applicant that can be defined as more physically attractive than the rest of the contestants for the job position is likely to get it. Even though the specified phenomenon is more likely to become a significant impediment for women in the workplace, it also affects men to a considerable extent. According to a study conducted by Turner, Willman, and Wright (2016), handsome men have greater opportunities for being hired than the men that do not meet the existing standards of beauty and attractiveness (Turner et al., 2016). Therefore, beauty prejudices affect people significantly in the environment of their workplace. Similarly, the subject matter defines people’s per
Brief history Barclays bank PLC was founded in 1690 in the City of London, which has remained its headquarters to date (Berclays Bank PLC). From a meager start, the company has gradually but steadily grown to become a key player in the banking industry. Through its parent company and a host of other subsidiary companies, the firm has diversified its services to investment and corporate banking, retail banking, credit cards, and wealth management. Currently, the bank’s reputation is universally acclaimed, with a customer base of forty eight million customers in fifty countries. In 1902, the bank made a significant stride towards success when it became listed in the London securities exchange. The journey to the top has been long fought, but staying on top against the prevailing market competition is the company’s primary objective. Current problem The ever-increasing competition in the bank’s traditional markets has let its management exploit other investment opportunities to ensure that the firm remains competitive. The bank’s management is considering investing in the Middle East market. Even though all the top managers support this decision, the option to pursue has proven hard to choose. Investing in the Middle East market is suggested to take either direct foreign investment or mergers. Making a choice between the two options is not easy. As such, it is prudent to carry out a complete company analysis to see its ability to pursue either of the two options. The bank’s long-term objectives The population in the Middle East is approximately 246 million people (Kublin). The bank plans to hold at least 10% of this population in 10 years. By doing so, the bank also plans to develop savings culture among its clients. It will also extend loan services to women groups to empower women in the region as a part of cooperate responsibility. The Middle East region has hit media headlines frequently for gender imbalance and male chauvinism. Other objectives the bank intends to pursue includes  1. Outreach: To reach many disadvantages people, especially women, who may find it hard securing loans through formal financial services.  2. Impact: To provide add-on services such as investment awareness campaigns and entrepreneurial training.  3. Inclusion: To provide tailored services which are accessible to the marginalized groups to ensure their financial security The bank’s Investment options With little resources yet so many strategies to implement, evaluation is essential to ensure that only the most viable strategy is selected. In fact, evaluation of strategy options is the most important and complex part in the strategy process. This process focuses on the future of the firm, not the past. In view of the challenges Barclays is facing and the desire for a better future, the company considers implementing either or all of the following strategic options.  1. Exploit the Mid
Photosynthesis is one of the primary sources of energy for living organisms. The fossilized photosynthetic fuels account for almost 90% of the energy in the world (Johnson, 2016). Cellular respiration is a process that takes place in the living organism and converts nutrients into energy. This essay will examine photosynthesis and cellular respiration separately and identify similarities, differences, and interconnectedness between two processes. Two processes are similar in that they both deals with energy, but they are different because one process involves catabolic reactions and another anabolic one. The purpose of photosynthesis is to convert atmospheric carbon dioxide into carbohydrates using light energy. The light splits one of the reactants, water in the mesophyll of the leaf into oxygen, electrons, and protons during the light-dependent phase (Johnson, 2016). Then carbon dioxide enters the mesophyll of the leaf through openings, stomata, during the light-independent phase. These two reactions differ in light utilization and molecules production. The first reaction products are oxygen, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) that are used as energy storages, while by the end of the second reaction, the carbohydrate is obtained, and molecules mentioned above are used (Flügge et al., 2016). Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast with the light-dependent reaction taking place in the thylakoid membrane, and light-independent reaction in the stroma. The energy produced in the light reaction is used to fix carbon dioxide and produce carbohydrates while oxygen is released outside. According to the following equation of the photosynthesis, C → O2 + 2H20 + photons (CH2O)n + electrons + O2 carbon monoxide and water are transferred into carbohydrates under the light with the release of atmospheric oxygen. The purpose of cellular respiration is to convert nutrients into energy. The reactants of the respiration are glucose circulating in the blood and oxygen obtained from breathing, while the product is ATP. Cellular respiration starts from glycolysis in the mitochondria’s stroma, where the glucose is broken down into pyruvate (Bentley & Connaughton, 2017). Then it continues with the citric acid cycle that generates ATP, NADH, and FADH2. In the final stage, the electron transport chain uses these molecules to generate more ATP. The energy produced is then used for metabolic processes in the organism, while carbon dioxide is released with breathing (BBC Bitesize, n.d.). According to the following equation of the cellular respiration, C → 6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O the glucose is broken down into carbon dioxide and water with the presence of oxygen. There are two main differences between
Introduction Notwithstanding the fact that Ray Charles Robinson was blind, he left a legacy that very few people without disabilities can hand down. This essay seeks to provide a biography of this musician in light of his achievements. The biography starts at his birth and then develops logically to his death. Moreover, a section is dedicated to critically analyzing the factors that made the musician succeed as well as the impact of his success on society. For these purposes, a number of academic sources are consulted to provide the background information from which the discussion arouses. Biography Birth and childhood Ray Charles Robinson was born on September 23, 1930, in Albany, Georgia, in a poor family. His parents, Aretha and Bailey Robinson, were struggling to make both ends meet. Aretha was a peasant farmer, and Bailey worked as a railway repairman. Soon after his birth, the family relocated from Albany to Greenville, a poor black neighborhood in West Greenville, Florida. As a child, Ray was interested in mechanics and spent a lot of time watching the men around him work on vehicles and other farm machinery. In the neighborhood, there was a man named Mr. Wiley Pit, who operated a restaurant called Red Wing Café. From time to time, Pit helped Aretha take care of Ray’s younger brother, George, and it was at Pit’s place that Ray first showed interest in music, playing an upright piano that was at the café. George later drowned in his mother’s laundry tub. And that was the accident that was haunting Ray all his life as he had been to take care of his little brother. At five years, Ray had developed glaucoma, which was unfortunately not treated and rapidly progressed. It resulted in complete blindness by the time he was seven. Because of his condition, Ray could not attend regular school, so he was enrolled at the Florida School for the Deaf and Blind between 1937 and 1945 (Sloate 87-89). During this period, Ray suffered another blow as he lost both his parents – his father died in 1941 and his mother pass way in 1946. At school, Ray’s musical talent flourished, and even though the curriculum was focused on classical music, he developed an interest in jazz and blues (“The soul of Ray Charles” 99-100). At the end of the week, Ray performed at gatherings held by the South Campus Literary Society. During Halloween and Washington’s Birthday, Ray played at assemblies organized by the Colored Department at the institution, and during those events, Ray had first been introduced to RC Robinson and the Shop Boys, a band that later played his jazz and blues compositions. After the death of his mother, Ray left school at the age of 15 and relocated to Jacksonville, where he was put up by a family friend. “Having friends of the family living in Jacksonville made it easier for Ray to leave Greenville and the State School for the blind” (Beyer 28). He stayed there for over a year, playing the piano at the Ritz Theatre. He earned $4 per night, which was not a bad amount by the standards of that time. Later, he had shifted to Tampa where he joined a band called
Carl Menger was an Austrian economist who lived in the 19th and early 20th centuries. He is considered the founder of the Austrian school of economics, one of the major movements in the discipline. Menger contributed significantly to the theory of marginalism, which opposed the classic ideas established by Adam Smith and his contemporaries. The Austrian school has achieved significant recognition, although its views have been unpopular throughout most of the 20th century. This essay analyzes his theory and influence from the viewpoints of a variety of analysts, such as Friedrich A. von Hayek, George Stigler, and others, as well as Menger’s works. Principles of Economics The theoretician believed that the value of a good depends on the relationship between the supply and demand of it. According to Menger, the difference between economic and non-economic goods lies in the awareness that the former, unlike the latter, are not available in sufficient amounts to satisfy the needs of every human (115). As such, the value of a product is not inherent but depends on the necessity people attribute to the satisfaction of specific needs. Menger provides the example of the man in the forest who uses two varieties of trees, one of which produces fruit while the other is used for timber (117). The massive numbers of the latter kind render the loss of a thousand uninteresting to the man, but the loss of even one of the ten fruit trees leads him to starve, and he is protective of them as a result. The economist makes a distinction between the concepts of value and utility. In Menger’s perception, “utility is the capacity of a thing to serve for the satisfaction of human needs” (119). The possession of this quality, along with the recognition of the trait by people, is required for the object to become good. Economic and non-economic items are further separated by the necessity for their availability for the satisfaction of human needs (Menger 119). If a resource, product, or another object that can be sold fills some niche in a person’s well-being, but the person in question is assured of its abundance or can be content without it, the good does not have value in Menger’s theory. The theorist opposed conventional notions of deriving the value of a good from the costs of the products used to create it. He stated that the approach did not explain the cost of natural resources, which did not have to be purchased, the price of labor, or the influence of the capital (Menger 149). Menger proposed the opposite approach, where the value of higher-order goods would be determined from that of the products that could be created from them (150). The cost of a final item would form based on the principles the economist outlined earlier, and the prices of its constituents, as w
Nowadays, diplomats maintain a lot of various roles in order to promote their countries’ interests abroad. Being well-educated, they receive an opportunity to cope with the majority of tasks related to their duties. Nevertheless, the representatives of the human resource management department prefer hiring experienced professionals as they have more practice. If apprentice diplomats want to reach the level of their colleagues, they need to follow the advice of those professionals who have already achieved success in this field. A lot of interesting and useful information can be received from H.E. Lady Catherine Ashton’s lectures. One of them was focused on the ten major aspects of diplomacy, the implementation of which has a positive influence on career development. Topics connected with the engagement and understanding of the issue seem to be the most relevant and helpful for an apprentice diplomat. H.E. Lady Catherine emphasizes the fact that it is vital for every diplomat to understand both the country and the nation it represents. In order to reach this goal, a professional is to be aware of the issues they have. However, one should also realize that it is not enough just to list some problematic points and schemes on them. To understand the issue, a diplomat should search for its core and track the way it altered with the course of time. In this way, even an apprentice employee will be able to make the right decision. Background information provides a diplomat with an opportunity to find solutions, even for the most difficult problems. That is why enormous attention should be paid to both education and knowledge. As a result, they become able to provide the most appropriate solutions to any issues faced. Professionals are to be engaged in diplomacy. H.E. Lady Catherine and H.E. Bernardino Leon agree that this principle is one of the most critical ones in addition to the understanding of the issue. In this way, novice employees should always be able to represent their country, nation, and organization. What is more, they are expected to build positive relations with the representatives of other parties. Such relationships ensure the possibility to develop decent negotiations and reach the main goal. In addition to the points mentioned above, apprentice diplomats should be good orators. They need to learn to provide answers to any questions without exception. Of course, this skill can be trained only while practicing. Thus, it is vital to use everything learned in class in other environments. It is important to be aware of the peculiarities of the communication as well. Diplomats need to understand what they say, when, and to whom. Those who want to be engaged should be ready to accept different ideas. In order to make the right decision, they must consider various points of view and gather all the important information. Thus, to become a successful diplomat, one should develop both communication and decision-making skills in order to take appropriate actions in difficult situations. In addition to that, apprentice diploma
Introduction A child is a human being meaning that if there are rights set a side to protect human beings, children should therefore have their own rights. If children are not protected, they are likely to fall victims of exploitation and abuse of different kinds. This simply explains the reason why the United States have formed an organization known as the United Nations Conventions on the Rights of Children whose role is to protect children against abuse and exploitation. The purpose of this study is to answer two questions related to children rights. Discussion How does cultural variation around sex and sexuality fit with United Nations Convention on the rights of the child? What are the challenges faced by UNCRC? Are there principles, or limits to the conditions for psychological intervention or programs of change? Cultural variation portrayed by different nations in the world play a key role in protecting children against sex and sexual abuse. The implication is that cultural variation a round sex and sexuality can be integrated into the United Nations conventions on the rights of a child by the introduction of universal sexuality education to all nations. This sexuality education should focus on all aspect of child abuse. For instance, it has been noted that sexuality education differ from one nation to another meaning that in some nations sexuality education focus on abstinence only while in others it focus on reproduction. In addition, others nations consider school as being responsible for sexuality education with parents playing just a mere role. However, in others nations, parents play major role in sexuality education among their children. Since the United Nations convention on the rights of a child protect all children against sexual abuse and exploitation, universal sexuality education system should be established to fight cultural variations with an aim of protecting rights of children effectively. As mentioned within the context of the study, the United Nations convention on rights of a child is faced by challenges associated with cultural variations (Montgomery 84). The other challenge facing UNCRC is that in some nation rights of children are practiced differently. For instance, sexuality education is perceived different in many nations thus creating environment in which children could not understood their rights hence being prone to abuse of various kinds. Family relations can be considered as causing both psychological and physical health to the children and should therefore be integrated into de
What information do we learn about the backstory of the film in the Prologue? In the background of the film, the galaxy was in a state of war because the starship that belonged to Princess Leia of the Imperial state was intercepted by a massive imperial star destroyer. Leia is captured, but she manages to hide two Droids that have secret documents, which should be delivered to Obi-Wan. The Droids are captured by traders who sell them to Moisture farmers. Missions of revenge so as to dominate the space are identified in the film, which shows the killing of Luke’s aunt and uncle. This death makes Luke join the war and fight Darth Vader. What do you think is Luke’s “Call to Adventure” in the film? The call of adventure for Luke in the film is shown when Obi-Wan requests him to accompany him and acquire ways of the force. Luke fails to meet his father, but when he gets the message from the Droids that they have information linked to Obi, he decides to go and deliver it. This indicates a call for adventure because it was during this encounter that he learned of his father’s death. Therefore, delivering formation from Leia to Obi can be considered a call of adventure. Secondly, when Obi asks Luke to join him in war, he is reluctant and goes back home. However, when he arrives and discovers that the stormtroopers have destroyed his home and killed his uncle and aunt, it becomes a call of adventure. How do you know when Luke has crossed over into the Special World? Luke is shown as a naive youth dreaming of adventure and escapes from the remote places he found himself. He gets the opportunity to travel through Ben so as to assist the rebel alliance fight the evil empire. This enables Luke to feel close to the father he never knew and at the same time achieve a military experience. This indicates a difference in his lifestyle, which portrays him as an immature boy. This change of identity indicates that Luke has moved into a distinct world. He learns to be a man of his own and decides to move away from the shadows of his family, which enables him to have a deep insight into his feelings. It is in this world that Luke is able to examine and judge the desire for glory that had motivated him to devote others. Therefore, the film shows a naive youth on the farm, who is changed into a true man who refuses to follow the path of anger and hatred. Explain your understanding of “the Force” in the film? The force described by Obi to Luke in the film indicates the superiority of nature against technology. This is perceived to be a highly trained military that has been assigned to protect the land and her people. Gojira is a film that describes a force of high power that symbolized the nuclear bomb that destroyed Japan during World War II. It is used t