ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The third chapter of No-No Boy by John Okada starts with the main character Ichiro, the Japanese American released from prison, leaving Freddie’s (his friend, presumably Japanese American as well) and walking the streets of the city. The man was sentenced to prison since, after already being at the internment camp, he refused to join the American army in World War II. He was released after the war was over. At the beginning of the third chapter, the man thinks of both his past and future and wonders if he can ever be accepted into American society again and if he can ever be happy in it. He takes the bus he used to take to get to the university and decides to see his professor. Although the professor invites Ichiro to continue his education, the conversation is awkward, and Ichiro realizes that the last several years have changed him too much. The sentence that better of all has helped me to understand the context of the story and what the author is writing about is the following one: “Being American is a terribly incomplete thing if one’s face is not white and one’s parents are Japanese of the country Japan which attacked America” (Okada 49). It helps to realize that the excerpt is about the events after World War II since the phrase “the country Japan which attacked America” presumably refers to the attack on Pearl Harbor (Okada 49). Additionally, the passage describes relations between the native-born Americans and Japanese Americans during that period. At the end of the nineteenth century, unskilled Japanese began to immigrate to America to find some jobs. By the beginning of the twentieth century, their number significantly increased, which is why the US was concerned about it and practically prohibited their immigration with The Immigration Act of 1924. Thus, all young Japanese who lived in America in the 1940s were already born there and considered themselves as Americans. However, after the attack on Pearl Harbor, the American government decided to send Japanese Americans to internment camps, after which, in case they refused to join the American army, they were sentenced to prison. When the war was over, Japanese Americans were released with excuses. The novel No-No Boy by John Okada describes these events. Works Cited Okada, John. No-No Boy . Seattle, Washington: University of Washington Press, 2014. Print.
The anticipation by Marks & Spenser to expand internationally beyond the UK has been an uneventful venture. It has been regarded as a graveyard venture for the organization (Burt, Mellahi, Jackson & Sparks 2002, p.191). Although the organization had ambitions to expand globally (Burt et al. 2002, p.214), its global strategy was not well planned hence the failure. This according to Lassare (2008, p.33) the organization lacked a special component of global strategy which is global ambition. Globalization of M&S in the 1990s was a major arrived after it become satisfied that the home market was fully covered. Based on the M&S operations, the organization lacked almost the major attributes of global strategy suggested by Lassare (2008, p.33). For instance, its global business strategy was poor as the organization bought assets in US at high prices with the hope that the market would expand (Burt et al. 2002, p. 214). Consequently, in 2001, the retail chain store withdrew and sold most of its major stores in foreign countries such as the U.S and Japan and franchised its Hong Kong based operations (Steve 2002). Nonetheless, M & S has not been thwarted off by its failures as it is now seeking a way to refocus and expand its business operations internationally. This would minimize the pressure being experienced in the UK market (Davey 2008). The essay seeks to assess the current efforts by M&S to rebuild its international strategy based on its past internationalization record. Locational disadvantage, entry mode, and adaptability are regarded as the major cultural causes of internationalization failures (Burt et al. 2002, p193). Although past failures are not regarded as much as the success stories of internationalization, they form a basis for an organization to retrace its footsteps. An organization like M & S would evaluate its past failure and regard it for its comeback. Before the decline of Marks & Spencer, the retailer was among “the most successful British retailing companies” (Burt et al. 2002, p.200). However, the organization lacked a well formulated internalization strategy which led to duplication. Conversely, the current move by the organization to start up internationalization in Asia and Europe is well planned. According to Tu (2008), M & S is prepared for the new venture as the company believes there is an increase in demand for its products in the China’s mainland. It can therefore be argued that M&S is adopting a fully pledged global strategy perspective which according to Mellahi et al. (2006, p.14) allows global strategic management. Despite past failures by the organization, M & S has been on the verge of re-internationalization. It has been focusing on venturing into the emerging markets in Asia especially those of India and China (Marian 2011; Trotman 2011& Finch 2008).
Causes This infection is caused by bacteria known as Salmonella. These bacteria stay in the intestines of animals. The bacteria are passed over to human beings through eating food that has been contaminated by the feces of animals. Every year, reports are given of having more than forty thousand cases of people who have been infected with this disease in the United States of America. However, the true number of the infections may not be well-known and may even be more than twenty times greater for the reason that there is no reporting of the cases that may be mild. According to Minnesota Department of Health, taking the case in Minnesota, about 650 cases of this infection are reported every year (Para 2). Signs and symptoms The symptoms for this disease include fever, diarrhea and abdominal pains and cramps. The symptoms in most cases commence within a period of between 12 hours and 72 hours after one has been exposed to the bacteria. However, there are still cases where symptoms can be exhibited after a period of one week after exposure. The duration for the salmonella infections in most cases is five days to one week. Transmission The bacteria causing this disease are carried in foodstuffs. The foodstuffs that have been infected with the bacteria are mostly of animal source like beef and milk among other animal products. On the other hand, other foodstuffs such as vegetables May also not be clean but thoroughly cooking these foods can help in killing the bacteria. Contamination of the foods can be done by the touching the food using unwashed hands by a person who is infected. These organisms can as well be traced in the stools of pets and if individuals don’t wash their hands after touching these animals, they can catch the disease Ducklings as well as reptiles have high chances of harboring the salmonella bacteria and therefore if people get in contact with these animals, they are supposed to wash their hands immediately. People should make sure that whenever the children get in contact with reptiles, they should thoroughly wash their hands. Treatment Treatment of this disease, in most cases, is carried out by rehydration and this is done by using intravenous fluids. In the cases where there are severe infections, there can be administering of antibiotics. Usually, the infections that result from this disease lasts for only about seven days and therefore sometimes there is no need to have thorough treatment in order to control the disease. Diarrhea in the infected people may be entirely treated but it may take some time before the bowels come back to normal. On the other hand, there must be seeking for medical as
Way back in the late 1970s, noticing that the insurance issue left much to be desired in the U.S., Gary Raymond Boesh decided that he could try applying his business, management and leadership skills in order to create a company that would provide the residents of the USA with the kind of insurance that they need. Much to Boesch’s credit, he succeeded – in 1971, AmeriLife was all ready to make the life of the American population safer. At some point, Boesch and his partner Timothy North decided that AmeriLife must expand; thus, the period of consistent growth started, spawned by a surge in the number of AmeriLife clients. As a result, nowadays, AmeriLife includes over a hundred of independent agencies (InsideView, 2013). When it comes to specifying the defining features of AmeriLife, one is most likely to make it clear that the company is striving for not only dominating the U.S. market, which, in fact, it already does, but also entering the world market and, therefore, expanding even further to try new opportunities and check how far its capabilities can stretch. Needless to say, the given step can be considered rather risky, especially in the light of the fact that, starting from the mid-90s, the company has been facing a pretty stiff competition in the U.S. market. Thus, it can be assumed that, in the world market, the AmeriLife Company will face even denser competition and will probably be forced to retreat. However, it is quite remarkable that the AmeriLife Company does not fear the risks and relies on its system of production processes coordination. Therefore, one of the basic problems of the company concern not the way in which it deals with its clients – though, quite honestly, the given issue also leaves much to be desired – but the manner in which it addresses the needs of its employees – or, to be more exact, the way it ignores these needs. Traditionally described by any person who has ever crossed the threshold of the company’s staff room as a captive outfit, the head of the AmeriLife Company should clearly adopt a more reasonable leadership approach to coordinate the work of his employees. In addition to the aforementioned issue, another related concern should be mentioned. It is important to understand that the lack of understanding between the employees, the management department and the clients does not come out of nowhere – quite on the contrary, there is always a bunch of factors, whether the internal or external ones, that contribute to the development of the issue and its further evolution. In AmeriLife, the key factor that has led to the drastic events that can be observed a present and, therefore, the basic agency problem concerns information management. Indeed, according to the evidence acquired from
Introduction A recent article by Chad Frischmann (2019) titled “The Young Minds Solving Climate Change” is aimed at describing the role of younger generations in addressing the climate change issue. According to Frischmann (2019), today there are many evidence-based tools and resources available to address the problem of global warming and climate change, but the focus on practical actions is required. Thus, the author has developed an idea that all possible effective solutions to climate change were proposed in the past, and now it is necessary to act. However, the problem is in the lack of working technologies to apply and the lack of leadership and support from authorities. Therefore, young activists, like Greta Thunberg, try to attract the public’s attention to the problem and organize movements to change their daily living to address the environmental problem (Frischmann, 2019). The author of the article concludes that young individuals interested in protecting the environment and preventing climate change need to be mentored by experienced leaders on how to make a practical change to address the issue. Analysis In this article, the author is mainly interested in persuading the reader to take action to resolve the climate change problem concerning the contribution of younger generations in this process. Frischmann (2019) is oriented toward attracting a wide audience of readers interested in environment-related topics, activists, teenagers, as well as policymakers, scientists, and environmentalists to accentuate their role in changing the future. The author’s development of the discussion in the article is effectively structured to make the reader involved in Frischmann’s (2019) argument. Thus, he accentuates several times that today it is important to take action and solve the problem of climate change with the help of real tools. Frischmann’s (2019) reference to the role of teenagers and other young activists in the environmental movement helps to understand the necessity of serious activities and the contribution of everyone. To persuade the audience to pay attention to the problem of climate change and altering younger generations’ views regarding their relationships with the environment, the author lists a variety of approaches to decreasing people’s negative impact on nature. Even though Frischmann (2019) refers only to his personal views regarding the topic and real-life examples without supporting them by research and statistics, his conclusions seem to be convincing. The reason is that the author provides actual recommendations and steps to take to achieve positive results in overcoming the climate change problem. Relevance/Applicability The author’s conclusion in the discussed article is that older generations need to refer to the example of motivated younger generations to overcome the climate change issue with the help of methods available to everyone. This conclusion is effective and convincing because it is based on the author’s argument represented in the article. It is possible to agree with Frischmann’s (2019) ideas beca
Introduction Benjamin Franklin is considered the founding father of the United States. He was a renowned author, one of the first printers, one of the finest scientists and inventors among great scientists, and also a great politician and diplomat in the time he worked for the United States. His work in science was exemplary he will forever be remembered for his discoveries and contributions in electricity. He invented various appliances like the lighting rod and the unique glass ‘armonica’. He also initiated a public lending library; the first in America alongside a pioneer fire department that was in Pennsylvania. He had a brilliant mind that somehow revolutionized the world. Analysis The purpose of the analysis in this study is to give a brief overview of Benjamin Franklin’s life which will help to answer various questions about his character. A brief autobiography On 6 th January 1706, the lastborn son of Josiah Franklin was born. He was named Benjamin Franklin. He had sixteen other siblings. Benjamin briefly attended school only until he was ten years old. When he was twelve, he got interested in his brother’s James work who was a printer working for New England Courant. Benjamin progressed well becoming a contributor at some point and later a nominal editor. His progress was not accepted well by his brother who had introduced him to the trade and Benjamin decided to run away due to the constant quarreling. He first seeked refuge in New York, but later came to move to Philadelphia in 1723 (Foner, 12). He was employed as a printer for a while then Governor Keith persuaded him to go to England. Governor Keith’s promise felt to meet his expectations and he got to work as a compositor until Denman a merchant facilitated his way back to Philadelphia. He was offered a position in Denman’s business where he worked until the demise of Denman. The death of Denman made him go back to his previous trade but this time he opened up his own printing house where he used to print The Pennsylvania Gazette which was a platform for raising local issues that needed reform (Foner, 32). In 1732, he stated distributing Poor Richard’s Almanac which made him quite popular as a writer. He quit his work as a writer for Almanac in the late 1750’s and printed a sermon called Father Abraham’s which was definitely one of the most successful literature works in colonial America. During this time, Franklin got involved gradually with public affairs and he even set up an academy which would later develop into the University of Pennsylvania. He also founded the American Philosophical Society for the
Background of the study Many companies are not concerned with customer complaints. However, a customer’s complaint is an important tool in the success or failure of a firm (Butelli, p. 2). The firm’s management team should formulate strategies aimed at handling customer complaints more effectively. When customer complaints are well handled, it results in the development of customer loyalty in addition to reducing customer turnover. Customers’ perception towards the product, quality of services offered by a certain company determines the future of a particular company. Therefore many businesses should focus on their customers to develop a high level of customer satisfaction. Reeher (para.1) asserts that customer complaint acts as a measure of customer dissatisfaction with a company’s services, quality, or quantity of product. The complaint can be fair, unfair, true, untrue, or painful but whatever the case the management should respond to the complaint logically and critically. Compensation in the market leads researchers to the inquiry of the consumers’ satisfaction or dissatisfaction (Johnston, p. 45). However, in most cases, the consumers do not voice out their complaints to the seller or the receptionist but rather they spread their dissatisfaction to other consumers and this affects the company. Complaints should be taken to the relevant staff of the company so that they can be handled appropriately. However, most consumers do not do that. According to Johnston (p. 45), the consumer is satisfied when the experience they attain get overcomes the expectation while dissatisfaction arises when the expectation is not fulfilled by the experience. Before a consumer decides to complain at first they value the benefits they are getting from the offered good or service with the cost incurred to get that product. However, the cost and benefit are psychological as well as economical. In addition, consumers complain believing that the complaint will be acted upon immediately due to their action (Johnston para.10). Most consumers complain to the seller or the relevant staff of the company in various ways. For example, if a company has a suggestion box, the consumer may express their dissatisfaction through writing and then dropping it in the suggestion box. This helps the staff member who handles consumer complaints as well as the management to realize the consumer’s dissatisfaction. According to (Hausknecht, p. 2), customer dissatisfaction or complaints can be noticed when the consumer complains directly to the seller. For example, when the consumer is purchasing the product or the
Abstract Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Epicondylitis are some of the most pronounced workplace injuries that limit the efficiency of workers. This paper offers a consummate discourse regarding the concept of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Epicondylitis at the workplace. It addresses the prevalence of the conditions at the workplace and their management as a way of enhancing efficiency at the workplace. The paper finds that the disastrous effects of the two injuries can be greatly reduced through application of ergonomic principles. Introduction Achieving Workplace Efficiency through the Practice of Ergonomics Effectiveness of the human resource in an organization is a factor of the organizational success. Healthy personnel in an organization contribute immensely to the success of an organization. Moreover, health of the employees is a subset of the work conditions of the workers. Health defines the quality and the quantity of the work input by the workers. In this regard, an organization’s primary obligation is to institute measures of ensuring workers are at their optimal health. Therefore, principles of ergonomics in the workplace should be invariably observed (Konz, 2011). Literature Review Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Carpal Tunnel Syndrome hinders the efficiency at the workplace. The condition affects the palm area of the hand leading to numbness. The defect impairs the coordination of the muscle movement in the palm of the hand thereby causing intense pain. Because of the vitiated coordination in the palm region, grasping of objects becomes a grueling affair. Poor muscle coordination also leads to impaired movement of the hands. The fact that the hand achieves 99% of the workplace chores makes the condition a severe affair that must be controlled (Karwowski & Salvendy, 2011). Epico
Introduction Although this not necessarily is apparent at first sight, patient advocacy is an essential component of nursing. The American Nurses Association (n.d.) actually insists that medical practitioners support their patients “instinctively” (para. 1). The umbrella term of advocacy comprises a range of actions and practices, among which, according to Abbasinia et al (2019), are the following: safeguarding, apprising, valuing, mediating, and championing social justice. Each of these involves particular behavioral patterns, which also can differ from situation to situation; therefore, it is possible to state that several types of advocacy exist. The presentation seeks to identify what these are. The other questions to answer regard the appropriate behavioral patterns of an advocating nurse as well as his or her responsibilities. Safeguarding and Apprising Safeguarding means focusing on patient safety. The primary measure to improve it is tracking medical errors (Abbasinia et al., 2019). It is critical for nurses to minimize the frequency of mistakes they make as well as protect their patients from incompetent coworkers. To enable this, all staff members need to realize that people’s well-being is their core responsibility, and advocacy is essential for maintaining it. Apprising is providing the necessary information about the diagnosis, the treatment measures, and the prognosis. It is critical to remain patient-centered, which means discussing the treatment options with them and respecting their decisions. Potter et al. (2020) mention this approach among the fundamentals of nursing; it helps not only build a relationship of trust with patients, but also improve public health on a long-term perspective. Valuing An essential component of advocacy is valuing; without it, the other will be impossible. It stands for the manner in which nurses are to speak with patients as well as about them (Abbasinia et al., 2019). Notably, the patients’ preferences, beliefs, and needs should frame communication, giving them sufficient privacy and freedom to make decisions. From practitioners, such behavior requires perfect self-control, but this is not the only critical point. The American Nurses Association (n.d.) highlights that nurses should support their patients not only at workplace, but also at the community level to avoid stigmatization and discrimination of those. Mediating Another component, mediating, specifies one of the most important functions of junior medical personnel. Specifically, nurses are to link patients, their families, and healthcare professionals, enabling productive teamwork (Abbasinia et al., 2019). As Potter et al. (2020) insist, such behavior helps cement the healthcare system, integrating its components on the way t