ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The emergence of industrialization, brought about many products seeking to satisfy the same consumer needs and this brought about competition (Klaus, 2002). As such, Many marketing gurus have come up with different research findings on different marketing strategies. This essay discusses the Aaker’s brand relationship strategy model for Coca-cola company. It also discusses the PCDL model for brand building for Coca-cola. The company Coca-cola is the world’s leading soft drink distributor courtesy of its vigorous efforts to promote its product as a house hold brand. This has ensured that it remains a market leader in its industry and though it faces numerous challenges both from the remote and internal environment, it has managed to wade off the challenges and remains an all time favorite among many soft drink consumers. Ensuing is a discussion of the Aaker’s model of brand architecture as used by Coca-cola company to foster its brand positioning among the consumers. Aaker’s brand relationship strategy model David A. Aaker is a professor of marketing at the university of California. His scholarly work in marketing research brought about the Aaker’s brand relationship strategy model (Knapp, 2000). Dr. Aaker posits that in order for a brand to undergo successful management, the marketers must first develop the brand identity. This entails dividing the product into two distinct element i.e. core and extended brand identity (Cant, 2006). According to Dr. Aaker, a brand can be divided into four associations. These perspectives are important in brand identity strategy. Prof. Aaker posits that the brand ought to be viewed as a product, and organization, a person, and a symbol (Lusser, 2010). These perspectives offer a more detailed brand identity that ultimately connect with consumers at various levels of need and also help in expanding the identity of a brand through extending the brand identity (Upshaw, 1995). An integration of all these models in developing a product’s identity is crucial in determining the uptake of the product by the target consumers and the ability of the product to command loyalty among the consumers (Keaveney, 1995). Coca-cola Company has successfully employed this four-fold brand identity perspective and out of this, it has managed to catapult the various brands it produces to become the most consumed beverage globally. Brand as a product This is the core aspect of any brand. It serves the primary role linking the brand to the consumers. Its main components are scope of the product, quality of the product, the users, and the uses of the product. The product perspective is one that seek
Introduction The insurance industry is one of the most vibrant sectors of the US economy. Health is one of the largest insurance sectors. The importance of health insurance to the health status of Americans necessitated the formulation of various laws to control the industry. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) are some of the laws that regulate the industry. The laws have improved the transparency of the industry and increased the affordability of insurance. The laws help in determining the legality of various actions of insurance companies. Can an insurance company require insurance recipients to pay a different premium for the same coverage? Is this legal? If yes, what law or statues take precedence? If no, which law or statue takes precedence? Insurance companies should not charge insurance recipients different premiums for the same coverage. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) prohibits insurance companies from charging different premiums to insurance recipients due to a pre-existing condition or gender. PPACA strives to reduce the number of Americans who do not have insurance. Charging uniform rates makes it easy for people to access insurance. This is because in most instances the exorbitant charges of most insurance companies are the major factor that prohibits people from seeking health insurance (Atlas, 2010). However, insurance companies may still charge different premiums depending on the risk factors of the insured. These include age and occupation. Can the insurance company require the insurance recipient to undergo required tests? What if the insurance recipient refuses to comply with the testing requirement? Insurance companies use various actuarial techniques to calculate the premiums that the insured should pay. The calculations take into consideration the risks that the insured faces. Therefore, it is vital for insurance compani
Introduction The modern day work environment is faced by numerous challenges that emanate from different quarters both internal and external. Internal factors such as organizational culture, structure and so on present challenges that the management ought to address extensively so as to ensure the company remains on course to achieving its goals and objectives. External factors such as legal and others such as technological compel the management of organizations to work round the clock to ensure the organization fits into the presented environment and remain on course (Tan & Nasurdin, 2011). This paper discusses some tips that the modern day management ought to adopt in order to address the employment issues such as sexual harassment, employment issues, and diversity that may cost the company costly lawsuits. Employment issues in Europe It is a regulation in Europe that any person who gets a job in Europe to be recruited at the same employment conditions as the nationals of that particular country. This means that an individual looking for a job is not required to meet any extra conditions in form of qualification that the natives of a particular country do not have in order to secure an employment. This means that a qualification attained in a particular country in Europe is equal and accepted in any other country in Europe. Employers should therefore be aware of this recognition of qualification. This will go a long way in ensuring that the potential employees do not result into a lawsuit due to the inability to secure a job. When a potential employee is denied an opportunity to work in a particular company in Europe due to specific qualifications, the company may bear a bad image in the public if the reason for denying the job is lack of a qualification on the part of the employee who is has equal qualifications from another country. This can also lead to a lawsuit that may cost the company a huge sum of money in terms of legal fees and potential damages rewarded should the lawsuit succeed. Issues of diversity This has become a huge concern among many organizations over the recent past. The emergence and growth in globalization has enabled individuals from different walks of life to seek and get a job anywhere in the world (Lusser, 2010). This has come with myriad of challenges that the management need to address. One of the issues that come up with the diversi
Abstract Ebola, as well as other health epidemics have always been put under control through the use of technology. In West Africa, information communication technology (ICT) played a significant role in the prevention and control of the virus. However, this technology was not fully utilized given the potential that it has. This paper will therefore expound on how ICT can be used in West Africa and the whole world in general to control future outbreaks of Ebola and other diseases by using approaches such as mapping and geomapping, digital training and data collection, wireless communication, and social media. Introduction Developing nations face a number of health challenges, including failure to control preventable diseases that result in premature deaths. In West Africa, for instance, the eruption of the Ebola virus resulted in the death of thousands of people before it could be put under control (Chetley, 2006). This high level of casualty is a result of inequality in the access to health care services, poor service delivery in the health care industry due to underfinancing, poor allocation of health care resources that tend to be scarce in these regions and the lack of proper coordination among key stakeholders in the process of identifying and controlling preventable diseases (Chetley, 2006). Application of ICT in Health Care The 20 th century saw the introduction of ICT. However, it is in the 21 st century, this technology has grown through innovative and creative advances. Technologies such as mobile communications, computing and broadband internet have made it possible to devise various epidemic and response strategies (Chetley, 2006). As asserted earlier, the health care industry has highly relied on technology to control and prevent health predicaments. However, the recent outbreak of Ebola in Western Africa showed the potential that ICT has in controlling and preventing predicaments. As asserted by Chetley (2006), the application of ICT cannot curb the spread or cure diseases, however, if it can be used effectively to educate, warn, and empower individuals regarding a specific disease, hence significantly reducing its spread and overall impact in a given society. This paper will cover five areas in which ICT can be used to achieve the above goals. Mapping and Geolocation The main challenge in previous health outbreaks has been the process of identifying patient zero, the places where infected individuals have visited and the individuals they have been in contact with. This was the case with the recent Ebola outbreak in West Africa. This is where geographical information systems techniques can be effectively applied. Through the use of mapping and geolocation, it is possible to get data with regards to the places and individuals whom infected individuals have been in contact with. This information is important in isolating individuals to safe environments, hence controlling the spread of an infectious disease (Luege, 2014). Digital Training and Data Collection In the process of collecting relevant information on a given health epidemic, it is important to conduct interviews. In the case of the Ebola o
Introduction China, which is a rising market, has shocked the whole world in terms of its pace of monetary development. There is a high probability of the country continuing to characterise the manner in which its globalisation efforts open up in the 21 st century. For this reason, as DG Trade confirms, the speedy growth of the Chinese financial system has the implications of resulting in a worldwide feel of trade affairs and contracts between China and different nations or local areas of international commerce such as the European Union (EU) 1 . China is undergoing immense number of changes, including social, economic, and political modifications that are deemed pivotal in enhancing its integration in the global trade. Some of the changes such as the increased industrial activity in China produce some impacts on the environment. Thus, it is likely that the trade agreements and collaboration treaties, which are made with China, will take different dimensions compared to accords that the US has with other nations. The liberalisation of doing business and its subsequent impacts will demand an analysis to be conducted with particular focus on China, Europe, and the US. The three countries outline a large team of expenditure bazaars. They also hold enormous manufacturers. This effort is perhaps well exemplified by the instigation of the European Union and China’s PCA consultations, which reflect the intention of the two trade partners to intensify and/or broaden their commercial links 2 . Nevertheless, as it will be revealed in this dissertation, regardless of the fact that profound investments in mutual business associations between China and the US create myriads of opportunities, the affiliat
Introduction In most societies, religion plays an integral role in the spiritual growth and development of individuals. In times of tribulations, people tend to seek spiritual intervention for the alleviation of the problems inhibiting their progress in different endeavors. In this regard, religious leaders like those in Christian ministries have been on the forefront in fostering the application of religious perspectives in dealing with spiritual, social, and economic challenges. Dr. Neil T. Anderson, the founder of the Emeritus of Freedom in Christ Ministries (FICM), authored a masterpiece book, viz. “The bondage breaker: overcoming negative thoughts, irrational feelings, and habitual sins”, in a bid to make valid contributions to the alleviation of human suffering. This paper will provide a summary of Anderson’s book before an evaluation and critique are done to determine its application in the mitigation of human suffering from bondage. Summary Anderson wrote the book with the intention of providing readers with a perspective of seeking freedom from the religious point of view based on Christian teachings. He convinces the readers that everyone is entitled to the right to be free from any shackles that may inhibit his/her progress. In this light, behaviors that may be causing one’s tribulations require mitigation through spiritual intervention for the attainment of freedom. According to the author, Christians must challenge demonic powers in a confrontational manner in a bid to break the shackles that bind them. Additionally, the author affirms that Christians can break from their negative thought arrays by combating the temptations that derail them from conforming to the Christian values and expectations. Winning spiritual battles entails the affirmation of one’s identification with Christ, which fosters the escape from the bondage of sinful behavior (Anderson 2006, 140). Therefore, Anderson outlays a theoretical framework for overpowering irrational feelings, negative thoughts, and habitual sins. The author explains human behavior by diverging from the old biological and psychological explanations. Christians are faced with slavery, which has been characterized by the emergence of occults and different forms of Satanism (Ande
Introduction A combination of varying factors is usually required to ensure the success of workplace. Case studies are often used to analyze and confirm various assumptions and theories. A case study was conducted on an Australian Government firm to give first hand information on how the implementation of an integrated model of strategic Human resource management impacts the work place. This paper seeks use the case study and identify whether Compton’s argument really support the two key aspects of a successful workplace namely: human capital; and fiscal profit. Integrative SHRM The integrative model of SHRM that was applied in the firms SHRM was designed to incorporate the two main models of the HR strategy (Rosilah 2004). One of the strategies defines the core logic that informs managerial control, the second strategy that primarily focuses on the compensation-effort swap. This kind of model is chiefly characterized by activities such as acquiring and developing human capital from within as opposed to recruiting them from external environment. The other important aspect of the integrated model is the focus on employ assessment in order to ensure that the employees comply with the process-based standards rather the development of a psychological atmosphere that enables them to get used to the social relationships, encouraging mutual trust and respect, and hence controlling the focus on the outcomes (Rosilah 2004). Case Summary In the current case, a Government owned Australian Energy Company was gearing up for privatization, and thus the management decided to put in place a new HRM strategy. The strategy was intended to double up as a precursor for the workers to adapt to the conditions of a privatized industry and also to develop a highly competent leadership team that can turn around the firm’s fortunes (Mackeena 2008). The integrated SHRM approach was used to engage different managerial levels to ensure that a new set of leaders with the desired competencies were developed take the organization to the next level. Case Analysis In this section, an analysis is to done to identify whether the argument advanced by Compton relates to human capital and fiscal profit as two most important aspects of a successful workplace. This is a question that can be answered following a logical analysis of the cascade of activities that may follow the integrated SHRM that has been implemented at the Australian Energy firm. If this is correctly benchmarked to theory while reflecting on the organization goals t
Introduction Despite its dented public image, public transport remains a better option in the long run. To begin with, public transport helps in environmental conservation through efficiency in energy consumption, reduction in air pollution as well as traffic congestion. Moreover, public transport is cost effective given the efficiency in land use, reduced payments on repairs and insurance of vehicles as well as enhancing safety of the passengers. On the other hand, private transport has been cited as a means of transport for the middle class due to its expensive nature. Besides, private transport contributes to increased pollution as a result of high consumption of energy and burning of most of world’s fuel. It also increases traffic congestion as well as consuming a lot of space on the streets as well as parking areas. Finally, private transport is cited as unsafe compared to public means. According to the National Safety Council public transport is about hundred and seventy times safer than private means. However, private transport has been preferred by many people lately due to its reliability, comfort as well as speed and only those who can not afford to buy private cars use public transport. It therefore calls for investment in the public transport to enhance its competitiveness due to the aforementioned long-term benefits. Some of the investment funds should be sourced from taxation of the private transport. Public transport has proven beneficial to the general public in the long-term compared to the use of private cars in many instances. At the outset, public transport is generally environmentally friendly. The fuel consumption by the public transport is lower hence helps in energy conservation. Consequently, reduction in the world’s petroleum burnt minimizes air pollution. On the other hand, noise levels as well as congestion on the roads are highly reduced. The latter is attributed to the fact that many people can use fewer buses compared to the many cars needed to transport similar number of passengers. Besides, public transport is more economical compared to the private means. Firstly, it is cost-effective in terms of the auto-maintenance, parkin
Introduction: The Key Concepts of the Refugees Research Area The study explores the controversies of immigrants’ settlement in Australia. The research questions evolved as a consequence of numerous claims, according to which the minorities face much pressure and accommodation problems in the country. The research area targets a correlation between gender social integration tendencies and just world beliefs. Literature Critique: Discussing the Outcomes of Previous Studies The research paper compares the findings of an investigation that was based on Pearson correlation as well as summarizes the core outcomes of the previous studies that were aimed at different groups of refugees’ integration. The “Reactions to refugees: Do stronger believers in a just world compensate, dehumanize, and perceive refugees as more responsible for their status?” article was used to back up the belief, according to which weaker just believers tend to provide stronger support for refugees than the conformists do (DeVaul-Fetters & Esses, 2014). The primary motives for refugees suppression are discussed through the review of “Belief in a just world: Research progress over the past decade” (Furnham, 2002). A three-dimensional scale of attitude measurement was discussed on the basis of “Attitudes toward illegal aliens: The reliability and validity of a Likert-type scale” (Ommundsen & Larsen, 1997). The findings of survey-based immigration studies were verified on the basis of “Attitudes toward illegal immigration: A cross-national methodological comparison” study (Ommundsen, Mörch, Hak, Larsen, & Van Der Veer, 2002). The article “Attitudes towards refugees: The dark side of prejudice in Australia” was reviewed so that to disclose the emotional grounds for ethnic prejudices (Schweitzer, Perkoulidis, Krome, Ludlow, & Ryan, 2005). Moreover, the research study analysis some nation-s
The theory of structural functionalism define social institutions to be a collective whole necessary to fulfill the various needs of individuals and centers on the means by which these institutions meet their social needs. Structural functionalism says that for societies to survive they have to be stable and cohesive and this comes from solidarity. However, the conflict theory believes that a society runs on competition rather than solidarity and social harmony. It views society to be full of inequalities, which creates change and conflicts among all. Structural functionalism emphasizes more on social order instead of social change unlike the conflict theory, which believes that fundamental changes and conflicts are unavoidable in a society. Structural functionalism believed that an individual is simply an occupant of his social role and are thus, not significant as only themselves but just because of their social roles and status. Thus, while structural functionalism believes that social inequality and oppression may be necessary for the stability, integration and functioning of a society, the conflict theory holds exploitation by dominant groups to be the main reason for social problems. Although both these theories have dissimilar value orientations, they have the same perception about inequality, which is that the dominant groups profit from discrimination. Structural functionalism says that discrimination fits perfectly in a society since it yields positive results but the conflict theory says that social changes are inevitable and will take place continuously and rapidly since the various social groups are striving to take, each other’s place in our societal hierarchy. (Fararo, 2001) Structural functionalism says that when a society becomes complex differentiation takes place and integration takes place among the new institutions. Thus, even though changes occur structures inside a society emerge to compensate for the change. These new integrated structures guarantee the smooth running of our society and thus, it argues that the members are responsible for its stability and order. However, the conflict theory says that the probability of change is embedded in the basic structures and relations among the classes of our society. Therefore, when we reach a point where further growth of society is not possible, crisis takes place, which transforms the society. Consequently, change is a continuous process until it reaches crisis point where transformation takes place. (Brinkerhoff, 1999) Structural functionalism intently focuses on equilibrium of a society and says that it consists of mutually dependent parts working together to maintain that equilibrium. It also tries to describe our social institutions mainly by its effects and thus, is unable to explain the reasons for the effects. The conflict theory was actually developed for demonstrating the shortcomings of structural functionalism. While