ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Cardiac output refers to the volume of blood that is pumped by the heart over a span of one minute. Cardiac output is determined by the stroke volume and the heart rate. Considering the heart rate, this refers to beats per minute. On the other hand, the stroke volume refers to millimeters that are ejected per beat. Any of these parameters can bring influence cardiac output. Under normal circumstances, the stroke volume varies from 60 millimeters to a hundred millimeters for each beat. Considering the heart rate, under normal conditions, this ranges from 60 beats per minute to a hundred beats per minute. The heart’s function is to pump blood so that it can effectively and efficiently reach the appropriate points. The blood supplies oxygen as well as nutrients and other important body chemicals to the cells to ensure that these cells survive and function in a proper manner. Blood movement in the body also facilitates the elimination of the waste products that may be harmful to the body by taking them to the elimination sites. Cardiac output is of clinical use in that it gives an indication of how well the heart is carrying out its function. Basically, the regulation of cardiac output is carried out by the demand for oxygen by the body cells (Velmahos, et al, 2000). When an individual carries out some exercise, the level of metabolism, as well as the requirement for oxygen, goes up. This gives an implication that there has to be an increase in the blood flow to the active tissues. In turn, the increase in the blood flow is brought about by an increase in cardiac output. At a time the tissue is not active, th
Modern healthcare services have incorporated expertise in their operations. Technological medical advancements have enabled patient health conditions to be investigated graphically. Detailed descriptions of the human anatomy were generated in the imaging equipments for analysis purposes. Healthcare professionals have employed the services of imaging machines for decades. The generated image process has been referred to as radiology. The desired imagery results were in the form of an investigated patient’s medical status data. The analyzed outcome might have been in the form of figures or images. Imaging technology has been applied in numerous medical procedures for examination purposes. In addition, imaging practices were, equally, applied on body tissues and parts analysis. However, body parts analysis was referred to as pathology. Medical imaging was developed for medical practice to assist in diagnosis without mutilating the human body. The process has encountered several management challenges. Administration of medical imaging procedures has been complicated by increased demand for the services. Nonetheless, technological advancements have permitted medical personnel to have a sustained imaging services provision. Wellbeing provision radiology has experienced speedy transformation over the decades. Factors that influenced the health imaging industry included employee’s duty arrangements, staff administration, and labor accumulation among other issues. Personnel work schedules and work buildup had a negative impact on most medical imaging departments. Nevertheless, an escalated response to an invaluable healthcare and wellbeing imaging was noted (Lau, 2007). Despite the various challenges, healthcare imaging operations have increased in recognition and demand among populations. Health imaging reputation trends can be attributed to beneficial prospects of the procedure. Medical care provision professionals have been challenged by operations in health imaging services. Administrators in most wellbeing organizations had to cope with enormous employee management challenges. Healthcare tasks arranged for staff members posed great difficulties for managers. Managers had to consider numerous employee variables prior to scheduling the work load. Scheduling irregularities often appeared in programmed tasks. Employee suitability and preference to a task were repeatedly collided in the work schedules. Quantities of employee inconsistencies that required consideration complicated duty arrangements programs. Fortunately, highly developed employee follow up tools were invented for managers to utilize. The employee follow up tool was capable of sorting out workers in its database (Congdon, 2009). Health care imaging administrators were equipped with a computerized system for managing worker schedules. Management was equipped to monitor an employee’s assigned task effectively. The scheduling software simplified the complex management tasks of duty arrangements. Major medical imaging departments fitted with scheduling software had better employee tracking results. Healthcare imaging departments have vast amoun
The situation with a psychotherapist Kiara and her client is ambiguous: while she eventually provided the informed consent form, she did it only after three months of therapy. Initially, she only briefly mentioned confidentiality and the client’s rights, stating that everything said in her office will remain there. When Kiara visited the conference where the malpractice in confidentiality was discussed, she realized that she had forgotten about the consent form and presented it to the client, who was confused by that (Corey, 2015). By that time, the trust between the client and Kiara had already been established, but it began to fade after that situation. Eventually, the customer left the therapy and never returned. To understand the situation with Kiara, one should analyze the ethical code and client’s rights and then understand which of them were followed and not followed. While she explicitly stated the confidentiality right and the therapy’s process description, she forgot to mention the limitations of confidentiality and other sides of the practice, such as financial considerations (Corey, 2015). In addition, she only said those descriptions verbally, without making a written agreement or consent form. As her colleague, I would advise Kiara to ensure that a client will fill out the informed consent form next time. If she did not make it, I think it will not be good to mention it: she only must ensure that the client’s personal information will not be shared. In my opinion, it was an excellent alternative to her action: it would save the trust between her and the client. It would be ethical, as Kiara would not actually compromise the customer and, thus, should ensure that they will not stop trusting her. Reference Corey, G. (2015). Chapter 5: Client rights and counselor responsibilities. In Issues and Ethics in the Helping Professions (9th ed., pp. 152–162). Cengage Learning.
The Left Hand of Darkness by Ursula Le Guin was written in 1969 and is one of the finest examples of feminist science fiction writings. The events in the book take place in the imaginary universe of Hainish. The main character – Genly Ai – is a representative of the galactic federation of worlds; he strives to introduce the world of Gethen into that galactic community. The book describes Genly’s enchanting journey in the pursuit to fulfill his aspiration. One of the main themes in the book is the fantasy about genderless society, where genders are not labeled with specific roles that they have to perform, and everybody can choose which gender they want to be for several days out of a month (Attebery, 1980). The emotions and feelings, however, such as love, jealousy, hate, aggression, etc. of the peculiar to other worlds still exist. The implications of the genderless society put forward by Ursula Le Guin are quite interesting: she claims that without gender, gender-specific roles, and stereotypical behavior, the world would not experience any wars whatsoever. The Gethenians – inhabitants of the gender-neutral society – possess no notion of nationalism, or superiority over other nations (Cadden, 2004). They do, however, establish a certain image of hostility towards neighbors, but at the same time, there is no serious intention to conquer or attack anyone. Nations exist within this world, and so do the differences between representatives of different nations, but the geographical separation is vague (Roberts, 2000). The only type of conflict developing the Gethenian society is the type of conflict experienced mainly by homogenous groups: they compete for the position in the society, or prestige that they call shifgrethor. The rivalry for shifgrethor is subtle and is not expressed, and representatives of different camps move easily from one to another. Like many other pieces of science fiction The Left Hand of Darkness explores the unknown world of future of technological process. In the book, Gethenians are not simply androgynes due to the natural evolution. They are androgynies due to the scientific experiments performed long ago in order to create people who could survive in the harsh realm of glaciers of their country (Roberts, 2000). Thus, gender neutrality is also a way of survival and preserving the nation since any Gethenian can be both male and female depending on the previous agreement with the partner they are interested in. O
Introduction The monumental importance of the product/service development process in the world today has been a fundamental concern not only for business personnel; but also for a wide range of organizations whose ultimate success greatly depends on it. Notably, over the recent past, there has been an increasing popularity of this process based on the inherent need and pressure for organizations to constantly innovate new products and services. This is vitally necessary for them to stay relevant to their clients while having an advantage in today’s globally competitive market. The product/service development process is a highly intricate and involving process that requires several factors to be keenly observed. However, Vonderembse (2010) authoritatively opines that amongst all the fundamental factors, customer involvement in the product development process is the most essential one since it significantly determines the acceptance or rejection of a particular product or service in its targeted markets. Preliminarily, any product development process should ensure that it utilizes price friendly materials while ensuring the creation of a good product or service with exceptional functionality, high quality, market appeal and importantly; cost effectiveness. More business (2006) however interestingly notes that “Price can be a business killer to compete on, because someone’s always able to do it cheaper than you” and consequently; it is vital for organizations to nurture an environment that allows for adequate customer involvement in the design process. This will in turn open a vista of opportunities for the organization to know how to exactly tailor their products in a way that appeals to their clients. According to Ciccantelli and Magidson (2006), the most common ways of customer involvement include the use of product-design focus groups, questionnaires and surveys; which have reportedly been able to offer a good number of benefits and a few losses (depending on organizational implementation) as discussed below. Discussion (Dissertation) In spite of the amassed immense values of involving customers in the design process; some business experts and analysts have been in strong opposition to this. To them, this involvement offers more demerits than merits thus should be avoided at all costs. According to Ciccantelli and Magidson (2006), effectiveness is measured by the ability of a product to provide what the consumers want, rather than just doing away with what they do not want. So the imperative question to ask at this point is; is it effective to involve consumers in the design process? Well, the answer here can go either ways; both yes and no—depending on how one looks at it. Starting with the yes, it is inherent to primarily note that new products/service development and the involvement of customers is not just practiced in the UK and USA alone; it is also extensively in other parts of the world with lots of benefits realized throug
The goal of a movie producer is to produce a film that will not only entertain but also make a great deal of money at the box office. The goal of a movie producer of comedy is not only to achieve all of the above but also to make people laugh and thus score a success not only as a movie that audience would love to watch with their family and friends but also to spread the word that it is a great film. In this regard, there is no better example of a highly successful comedy movie than Beverly Hills Cop starring Eddie Murphy as a Detroit cop who went beyond his jurisdiction to capture the killer and mastermind of the murder of his friend. Although the movie was entertaining enough to gross more than a hundred million dollars, there is another side to the comedy, which is a satirical view of the ,lives of the rich. It is difficult to describe the huge success of Beverly Hills Cop without going through some details such as the fact that in i,ts first week alone the movie brought in $14.4 million and that was in the decade o,f the 80s, surely that was a major hit (Batchelor & Stoddart, p. 152). It was an overwhelming success that sequels were made, two of them. And it was not only the viewing public who had a taste of the impact of Beverly Hills Cop; it turned out that even music lovers also appreciated the music tracks in the movie and as a result, the soundtrack became number one (Batchelor & Stoddart, p. 152). It was a huge hit, and for those who are interested in creating the same commercially successful movie must take a closer look into this movie. Reasons for Success One of the primary reasons why this film was successful is because the producers chose Eddie Murphy to play the lead role. He was just perfect for the movie because he was young, street-smart, and black (Palmer, p. 293). The second reason why it worked so well is the perfectly assembled cast. And finally, the third reason why it was a major draw is because of the plot. It was fresh, not like the ordinary Hollywood fare that was served at that time. Consider for instance, the novelty of story wherein a young black cop from Detroit who went to Beverly Hills. He was way beyond his jurisdiction, but he went nevertheless because of his desperation to solve the murder of a friend. Axel a Foley’s physical appearance and the mannerisms of a street-hardened police officer that makes one think that he spent a great deal of time as an undercover cop contrasted heavily with the sophisticated surroundings of one of the most affluent communities in the United States. The name Beverly Hills was synonymous to high-end products such as Gucci, Prada, and Italian-made cars, clothes, and leather. However, it can be argued that there is another reason why the film grossed beyond the one-hundred-million-mark. The fourth and final reason why audiences around the world responded well to th;is movie is because of the use of satire. Satire One commentator provided a good definition of satire and he said that satire is: “A text or performance that uses irony, derision, or wit to expose or atta
For many years, rape has been described in survey reports using different perspectives. The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey , released in 2015 by the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, is the latest summary report about rape victimization that provides a clear description of this kind of crime. The findings from this survey report conformed to what I believed earlier because it describes rape as an action done through physical force (Smith et al., 2018). This is said to be demonstrated through violence, being held, or pinned down. This essay explores my perspective about rape and how it relates to the discussions provided in the 2015 sexual violence survey report. My earlier belief about rape was that it involved a forcible anal, oral, or vaginal penetration similar to the definition provided in the summary report. However, this information is not entirely right, according to the textbook, because some cases do not involve the exertion of physical force (Alvarez & Bachman, 2019). For instance, when an underage girl is asked for sexual favors by someone who helped her and she subsequently agrees, it will be considered a rape. The person, in this case, will not have to use force but rather manipulation or blackmailing. Giving consent towards a sexual contact does not imply that it will not be considered an abuse. As much as the report supports my view, it further contradicts it by explaining that rape is a forceful penetration without consent (Smith et al., 2018). I believe consent must not apply in this case because it changes the whole meaning. To sum up, most of the report’s findings conform to my earlier beliefs, including the one described above. Nevertheless, some claims are quite different from my earlier opinion about rape. Therefore, it is evident that this type of crime is an issue that still needs further research and modification of its definition to fit all the aspects surrounding it. It should also be described in terms of the age of the victim involved.
Dominant Approaches to Ethical Reasoning Before starting the comparison, it is essential to list the schools of ethics being compared. Dominant theories are deontology and consequentialism, Kantianism, and utilitarian perspective. Alternative ones are legalistic moralism, Social Justice Theory and, Hinduism ethics. In order to compare the dominant and alternative approaches to ethical reasoning, they were divided according to the perspectives of these theories on the priority of the means of achievement and the goal. In dominant theories, deontology and Kantian ethics consider means of achievement or action as critical aspects of ethics. Mandal et al. (2016) state that “deontology is ethics of duty where the morality of an action depends on the nature of the action” (p. 5). In Kantian ethics, a person, guided by a universal rule, is obliged to do the right deed, even if the result will be wrong or harmful. Conversely, the goal or desired outcome determines the morality of the actions performed in consequentialism and utilitarianism. Researchers note that “consequentialism is an ethical theory that judges whether or not something is right by what its consequences are” (“Consequentialism,” 2020, para. 1). According to Mandal et al. (2016), “in the utilitarian approach, decisions are chosen based on the greatest amount of benefit obtained for the greatest number of individuals” (p. 5). These ethical theories are considered to be related to each other in academic philosophy. Alternative Approaches to Ethical Reasoning Modern and religious theories of ethical reasoning also have differing views on the importance of action and purpose. Legal moralism focuses on the aspects of action and pays little attention to the desired outcome concept. Moral wrongdoing should be criminalized appropriately and reasonably in this ethical theory (Moore, 2017). Hindu ethics has several instructions, which are dharma, kama, artha, and moksha, on how a person should act to achieve well-being in this and the next life (“Hindu beliefs,” 2020). Therefore, the means of achievement determine the result that a person will achieve, although a universal desired outcome is also pre-established. Social Justice ethics proponents see social justice as an objective good for all (Investopedia Staff, 2020). Here, all societal actions should be aimed at achieving it and taken following its principles.
Introduction The word cult has been known to refer to a group of individuals who believe in an abnormal practice. The members of a cult are said to perform ritual practices which in most cases are regarded as dangerous or mind controlling to a normal person (Burns 2). Just like any movement, cult members have a charismatic cult leader to guide them in their practices. They possess a powerful control over the members to ensure that they adhere to the set out rules and practices of the cult (Streissguth 14). Research that has been conducted indicates that not any person can qualify to be a cult leader. Cult leaders possess unique characteristics which automatically qualifies one to earn the respect of members. Cult leaders exhibit abnormal characteristics like those of psychopaths hence distinguishing them from morally upright people, and for this reason, they should be done away with completely. Types of Cult Leaders Many people believe that cult’s movements are those that conduct strange activities mostly at night and whose members have been brainwashed and believe in the devil. An example of such strange activities was explained in an interview by a cult victim from Arizona. He narrated his horrifying ordeal where they were accosted by hooded masked people who were believed to belong to a certain cult that related to human sacrifice as they were driving through a desert. He however took notice of an outstanding scary figure with a skull mask who he believed was the leader. However, they managed to get away and call the police but on arrival at the scene, they could not find them and there was no single footstep or evidence that there was somebody (Osman 2011). Osman was of the opinion that the leader just wanted to scare them out of sheer pleasure, a tactic that worked. This is a normal characteristic of cult leaders who satisfy themselves by seeing their victims at vulnerable conditions. Cults fall into four different categories; Religious, Political, Commercial and self help cults (Streissguth 20). Each cult has its own beliefs and practices as will be explained below, and they do not have to necessarily believe in the devil, as it has been perceived. Religious cults base their belief in a supreme being and derive their religion from a popular one, for example Christianity, Hindu or Islam. The leaders of these cults use similar teachings and doctrines of the original religion making the teachings appear almost the same. The leaders of these cults however have a strong character that involve psychologically playing with the emotions of their followers and introduce bizarre activities that separate them from the original religion. The victims of this type of class have been known to be the emotional type and those who have lost hope in life. Th