ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Summary The report is based on a case study on the tree planting project along the Bloor Avenue in Bloor-Yorkville. It covers the aspects of rezoning this area so as to ensure that it has residential areas as well instead of the usual office apartments and retail stores. This has necessitated the planting of trees in the area. The rezoning of the area is also meant to eliminate throughway passages across the residential areas. The report analyses the zoning of the area and looks into the appropriate amendments made on the zoning bylaws. There has been need to amend the Toronto zoning by-laws so as to allow the restructuring of Bloor Avenue. This is supposed to affect the construction of new structures, readjusting the packing zone as well as ensure order in the development of the area. Background With the constructions of multipurpose storey buildings that have offices, commercial and residential units, there has been a move to amend the zoning laws so as to ensure that trees are planted on Bloor Avenue. Efforts have been made to allow for larger parking spaces meant to serve the office/commercial units as well as the residential units and increase the size of the pedestrians’ sidewalks. The Site and the Surroundings Bloor-Yorkville is between Church Street and Avenue Road. The area has been divided various section which include; institutional areas, open space areas, apartment neighborhoods and residential neighborhoods, like the Yorkville Triangle. To maintain the forest cover and keep a healthy ecosystem, especially at the residential areas, there has been a push to plant trees on Bloor Avenue. This has particularly been taken up by non-profit making organizations, individuals and the city council. Discussion Bloor Avenue Transformation Project Bloor-Yorkville is among the best shopping and entertainment districts in Canada. This was particularly one of the reasons for the Bloor Avenue transformation project. The project was aimed at ensuring that the center has beautiful plane trees in sustainable soil cell systems. This is meant to ensure optimal growth for the trees. The project was also aimed at ensuring wider pedestrian sub-ways and maintaining beautiful seasonal flowerbeds as well as attractive lighting for the trees. The transformation has made Bloor Avenue a preferred shopping center for the local and international tourists. This project might have taken more time but the efforts were worth. In the 1990’s, for instance, there was an advic
To say that “All conflict in literature is, in its simplest form, a struggle between good and evil” is to describe a specific type of literature such as fairy tales, but in the short story genre the real conflict is actually a struggle between the writer and ambiguity. This is shown clearly in Anton Chekhov’s “The Lady with the Pet Dog,” and Raymond Carver’s “What We Talk About When We Talk About Love.” “Pet Dog” is a story in which there are no particularly good or evil characters and, although it centers on adultery, there is no sense of the author judging his characters. Rather, he depicts them as fairly normal people who stumble into a situation that is far more complicated than they realize. The male character, Dmitry Dmitrich Gurov starts an affair out of boredom with Anna Sergeyevna, a young, recently married woman also holidaying at Yalta and not only bored but dissatisfied. Anna’s expectations are not clear but Gurov, a man of the world with a low opinion of women, whom he calls “the inferior race” (Chekhov 289), believes the affair will start and finish at Yalta. To his surprise he finds, a month after returning to Moscow, that he has fallen in love with Anna. Gurov, once a cynical man, now finds that “almost against his will and against his belief, his sexual worldliness turns into the honesty and difficulty of belated love” (Welty 1312). Both he and Anna are in a terrible moral dilemma. He cannot leave his wife and children and she cannot divorce her “flunkey” husband, nor can they stop seeing each other. These two people, so different, yet complement each other perfectly, loving each other “like man and wife, like tender friends,” and they are bewildered at having to live in separate cages. The image Chekhov uses here vividly shows the anguish of the two newly freed spirits who yet find themselves trapped in marriage at a time before divorce became an option. Anna has religious scruples about her actions, or at least she did in Yalta. Once Gurov has come to her hometown to declare his love, she accepts that this is more important to her than morality or religion, even more important than her happiness. While at Yalta Gurov and Anna went through an experience while sitting on a bench early in the morning at Oreanda, overlooking the Black Sea. It is here that Gurov (Anna’s thoughts remain unknown) understands a fundamental truth about life: that individuals do not matter to nature but that we may well be “part of unceasing movement towards perfection” (Chekhov 293). This epiphany can be interpreted in many ways and yet its essence is clear to Gurov and to Anna: their love makes everything more beautiful because it manifests “the higher aims of life and our own human dignity.” Once he has been reminded of that, he can no longer settle for his old life which now seems “futile, dull and senseless” (Nabokov 1474). It is a story, as Nabokov observes, that has no definite full-stop but continues “with the natural motion of life” (1476). In such stories the reader should not look for a moral at the end because t
The choice of foods determines one’s nutrition. An individual’s nutritional habits significantly influence his or her bodily functions because different foods have varying nutritional levels. The knowledge of foods, which provide various nutrients, facilitates the planning of meals and preparation of safe and nutritious foods. Excellent nutritional habits enhance people’s performance in their day-to-day activities because the body has a sufficient supply of the relevant nutrients. On the other hand, improper nutritional habits have detrimental effects on body functions and increase people’s susceptibility to diseases. Nutrition plays a primary role in the performance of athletes. The active lifestyle of athletes demands that they eat a variety of nutrients to enable their bodies to function optimally. Athletes require a sufficient supply of carbohydrates, proteins, fluids, vitamins, and minerals such as iron, calcium, and magnesium. Although health professionals recommend the same kind of foods for a healthy lifestyle, the appropriate nutrient intake for athletes varies depending on factors such as the type of sport and intensity and length of training. Carbohydrates Carbohydrates offer a reliable source of energy, which enables athletes to exercise efficiently. An athlete should ingest carbohydrates before exercising, during exercise, and after exercise. Carbohydrates provide about half of the calories used in an exercise and are vital for athletes who exercise for long durations. Carbohydrates have a significantly high output of energy. An athlete’s ability to exercise for a prolonged period will depend on the initial level of glucose stored in his or her muscles. Nutritionists recommend the intake of foods such as rice and pasta, which contain complex carbohydrates, before exercise (Campbell 75). Simple sugars such as soft drinks, which contain high levels of calories, are appropriate during exercise. An athlete should eat carbohydrates after exercise to restore the body’s energy. Athletes who exercise for prolonged periods should consume high amounts of carbohydrates to prevent the body from breaking down proteins. Proteins Proteins enable the formation and growth of muscles, bones, tendons, and skin. Proteins facilitate the repair of tissues, which wear out during vigorous exercises. Proteins help to sustain the required energy levels in the body when the level of carbohydrates and fats declines. The number of proteins that an athlete consumes should depend on th
Privacy can be defined in many ways depending on the perspective of the context that is being covered. Generally, privacy refers to the state of freedom from scrutiny from knowing the secrets or confidential information shared (Cox, 2019). Privacy can be extended to the situation of being free from public attention or illegal interruption. When privacy is defined by Information Technology (IT), it refers to the aspect of a firm being able to determine what data and information in a system can be shared with other parties (Ghiglieri & Waidner, 2016). In IT, privacy aims to protect the resources of a given firm from unwanted exposure to third parties and, therefore, serves as a mitigation measure towards manipulating data and information. In legal terms, privacy refers to the right to make an important decision that concerns personal issues free from state compulsion, pressure, and regulation. Therefore, privacy is related to the welfare of autonomy, self-determination, and self-respect. However, under the common law, privacy means the right to be alone and have the liberty to conceal things from other parties (Cox, 2019). Privacy is a fundamental right responsible for underpinning human dignity and liberty to communicate in the public domain. There are differences in the perceptions of privacy by the average person and that of law where they all have an impact on risk assessment for privacy protection. The variation in the ideas makes privacy a contradictory subject since both the average person and the law take privacy as an all-inclusive matter instead of dealing with a specific instance (Ghiglieri & Waidner, 2016). Therefore, the outcome may be affected if the terms used in risk assessment fail to concretely analyze the circumstances. The best practices for protecting the privacy of information handled can be achieved in various ways. The US federal government can conform to this by having in place privacy risk management and compliance documentation (Jamieson & Salinas, 2018). It means the government can leverage the existing resources to identify programs that are privacy compliant. For example, the Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA) and Certification and Accreditation (CA) are the resources that can be used. When FISMA and CA are applied, the federal government plays a vital role by acting as a subject body to identify privacy-conforming matters (Cox, 2019). The two tools are key in spotting programs for assessing risks and implementing privacy in the systems and programs available. The other practice that can be applied when essential information has been collected and retained by the federal government is information security. The security responsibilities include the need to have the collected information safeguarded from access by unwanted parties through various metrics (Seigneur Nininahazwe, 2018). First, records containing sensitive data and information should be maintained by approved retention and disposition from the parties involved in the process (Jamieson & Salinas, 2018). Suppose the data that the federal government collects and maintains is approved. In that case, there should be compre
Marketing is an important tool for retailers as it provides them with a medium through which to communicate with customers (Boone, 2007). It is vital for producers to use the right marketing strategy as it has a direct impact on the sales of their products. Consumers are not the same and can be divided into different categories depending on their age, preferences, and financial status. The main advantage of categorizing consumers is that retailers can use different marketing strategies to target them in different categories to maximize sales. Retailers face competition from other retailers. For this reason, producers must take into consideration consumer behavior when marketing their products. Analysis of consumer behavior by producers is important as it provides reasons as to why consumers buy a particular product (Solomon, 2013). Tiffany & Company is an American luxury jewelry company that retails in many parts of the world. In 2016, it launched the Crown Key Necklace to the global market. Brand Recognition Tiffany & Company’s brand deals with luxury and expensive items. The company perfected its marketing skills to create a recognizable and respected global brand (Loring, 2008). One of its most important brand attributes is the blue box in which the company packages its jewelry. Twenty-first-century cultures through movies, music videos, and television series have made Tiffany’s blue box an iconic product. Studies indicate that Tiffany & Company brand is considered as one of the most prestigious jewelry lines by consumers (Loring, 2008). The Crown Key Necklace The Crown Key Necklace is a solid sterling silver necklace with a key pendant. The product targets females between fifteen and forty-seven years of age, but any individual can purchase and wear the necklace. The necklace features a simple, classy design and is set to r
Introduction Just as it is being the case with providing a definition to just about anything, the qualitative essence of the way in which researchers define the phenomenon of psi (clairvoyance, telepathy, precognition, psycho-kinesis) largely depend onto the subtleties of researchers’ personal worldview. In its turn, this explains why as of today, there is no universally accepted definition as to what the phenomenon of psi actually stands for. For example, according to Radin (2006), psi experience is something that “… lies beyond the range of phenomena presently accepted by most scientists” (p. 10). It is needless to mention, of course, that such definition implies psi’s potential objectiveness. In their book, Zusne and Jones (1989) provide us with more methodologically appropriate definition of psi. According to the authors, psi is essentially the assumption that: “…one’s thought, words, or actions can achieve specific physical effects in a manner not governed by the principles of ordinary transmission of energy or information” (p. 13). Nevertheless, it is namely Irwin’s (2009) definition of psi, which appears to be the most insightful, as it promotes perfectly scientific outlook onto phenomenon: “Paranormal belief (psi) is defined on a working basis as a proposition that has not been empirically attested to the satisfaction of the scientific establishment but is generated within the nonscientific community…” (p. 17). While keeping Irwin’s definition in mind, we would like to provide readers with even more logically substantiated explanation of psi as psychological and socio-political phenomenon. Apparently, the very existence of psi-related discourse, serves as an undeniable indication of the fact that ordinary people, who believe in psi, and parapsychologists that promote psi as something rather objectively defined, are simply not being aware of the most fundamental laws of nature – pure and simple. In our paper, we will aim to promote the validity of such our thesis even further by outlining hypothesises/theories that refer to psi experiences as the by-product of people’s unconsciousness, on one hand, and the hypothesises/theories that treat psi as the proof of people conscious thoughts’ ‘materialness’, on another. We will also seek to add an additional soundness to the legitimacy of our thesis-related argumentation by reflecting upon the insights that we expect to gain, while conducting this research. Unconscious-psi theories In the same book from which we have already quoted, Irwin had made a perfectly good point while stating that among scientists that deal with the iss
Introduction The advances in technology have presented human beings with possibilities that were unfathomable a few years ago. The pursuit of new means of achieving efficiencies and solutions to problems that have plagued the human race for millennia is never-ending. Today, it can be argued that health and well-being is one area where ultimate solutions are yet to be found. For instance, the current Covid-19 pandemic has helped to illustrate the extent to which people are vulnerable to illnesses. Therefore, it can be argued that the field of medicine should be allowed to utilize new technologies to find solutions. The development of genetic editing has become a controversial subject with critical ethical concerns. The main question asked is whether people should be allowed to design babies. The opinion presented in this paper is that if designing babies help to achieve the overall wellbeing of the children then they should be allowed to do so. The Need to Design Babies The need to design babies stems from the fact that people remain extremely vulnerable to diseases and disorders that can ruin their lives and overall well-being. However, much of the current commentary regarding this issue majorly expresses skepticism and fails to appreciate the possibilities and the potentially positive use of gene editing and related technological advances. For instance, the news of the Chinese scientist who claimed to have created the first gene-edited babies with natural immunity to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was not well-received globally (Li et al. 32; Normile 978). Some believe it was too early and irresponsible to start editing genes, and others started to explore what is currently wrong and what could go wrong (Ma et al. 2; Wang and Yang 1). From this response, it can be argued that society is generally appalled by the idea that humans can be created with better resistance to diseases that have caused massive deaths and suffering. One can easily understand the dangers of designing babies, including the creation of rogue humans, which could risk the lives of others. Other disadvantages may include unethical applications, including developing immortal beings or war machines for selfish gains. However, these negatives should not stand in the way of the potential benefits to the human race when babies are designed to resist diseases and plagues. The most critical observation of the opposing commentaries is that they largely emanate from scientific scholars and experts, which makes it even more interesting to explore the opposition to the practice. The criticism against the Chinese scientist and his breakthrough is not
Introduction The subject of philosophy of religion is complex but exciting because of the possibility of discovering a variety of opinions. A number of ideas were introduced in the 19th century, and such authors as William Kingdom Clifford and William James remain the brightest contributors to the field. In both words, the philosophers discovered the same subject that is the significance of faith and beliefs through the prism of evidence. In his essay “The Ethics of Belief”, Clifford discussed the importance of formulating human beliefs in regard to available evidence. Despite situations, knowledge, and past experiences, it is an obligation for a person to use sufficient evidence in order to introduce and protect a belief. 1 Compared to such a radical thesis of Clifford, James’s approach allows the possibility to combine knowledge and passions that may influence society in different settings. The role of sentiments is lawful, and it is normal to leave questions open to enhance passionate discussion on it. 2 Both ideas make sense, and the goal of this review is to compare the opinions of James and Clifford to strengthen an understanding of the connection between beliefs, evidence, and sentiments. Summary The chosen articles aim to discuss the conditions under which a reasonable belief must be formulated. However, the role of evidence may be differently discovered, and the analyses offered by Clifford and James serve as strong examples of how the representatives of the same epoch could view the same topic. In general, Clifford performed the role of a defender of sufficient evidence, and James supported sentiments in decision-making. Clifford began his discussion with a story of a shipowner who knew about defects of the ship but allowed sailing. The man “put his trust in Providence” without even trying to gather enough facts and check a factual condition of a ship. 3 As a result, the ship and people in it sank, having no opportunity to be saved. Clifford concluded that “he had no right to believe on such evidence”, and it was a mistake to acquire “his beliefs not by honestly earning it in patient investigation, but by stifling his doubts”. 4 In this essay, the author wanted to find a connection between human beliefs and actions. The example of a shipowner proved that as soon as a belief is built and fixed, there is a tendency to behave in a certain way. Insufficient or the lack of evidence results in poorly developed judgments, and a wrong solution made by one person could change the lives of millions of people. Therefore, it is expected to gather as much sufficient evidence as possible and use it carefully. The article written by James as a par
Counseling of any type always requires a profound ability to not only employ various psychological methodologies but also to be able to guide your patient where an ethical issue is involved. For its members, American Counseling Association has devised several principles which to follow when faced with an ethical challenge. Similarly, the principles were developed for those who practice counseling in the religious framework. Both ACA and Christian ethical principles are based on the requirements for non malfeasance, acting for the best benefit of the client, keeping confidentiality, and acting within the boundaries of one’s competence. It is clear, however, that the ACA principles advocate a higher degree of autonomy while Christian counseling suggests that the counselor should suffer from the client, not just feel for them. This presupposes a higher degree of association with the client’s problems that also requires the counselor to be very strong emotionally and psychologically. One of the major differences is also the attitude that a counselor should adopt towards his or her clients. ACA does not recommend treating all the patience as equals, though Christian principles in this respect support the view that the counselor should treat his clients as people who are equal, if not better than him. These ideas are rooted in the traditions of the Bible and reflect the kind of counseling services that a religious believer would expect to get from a religious counselor. At the same time, the ACA principles are more neutral and suggested for the people who interact in the business environment, and thus reflect contemporary business-oriented client relationships.
The ancient tribes and communities present very interesting traditions about the past. For instance, in Peru, there are very many artifacts that represent the culture of the people. The Bronze Tumi is one crucial item in Peru. The Bronze Tumi measures 10.5” tall and 4.25” wide. The use of bronze in making the idol is evident. In the past, the Inca tribe could also use the silver, gold, and copper. The back of the artifact has a hook for hanging on the wall (Masterson 325). The handle is rectangular in shape. It joins the semicircular blade to the image of the god at the top. The designers used some mosaic patterns to decorate the artifact. They polished it and cut it to size to make it look beautiful. There are crucial things joined to make up the Bronze Tumi. The deity has a head gear with hands held together at the chest holding something (Baud and Ypeij 250). The dress or robe indicates that perhaps the person in the artifact is a male representation of a god. It has a good amount of polish on it. The semi-circular blade that was useful to the Inca and pre-Inca cultures in the Peruvian Coastal Region is a dagger (Baud and Ypeij 250). The Tumi god dagger is an ancient tool that was famous for the unique ceremony of the god Sun. There is an Andean story that indicates that the Sun created the three tribes in Peru. The Inca tribe was one of them. It was a requirement of them to worship the god with an important ceremony annually (Bierhorst 285). They held a Thanksgiving Festival after the potato and maize harvest and had the opportunity to ask