ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction E-commerce also known as e-business is the act of acquiring and putting up for sale, products and services on the Internet (International-Business, 2008). In light of increasing Internet usage, many companies and retailers are embracing the use of Internet in their business. E-commerce not only improves the usefulness and competence of a business but also creates an avenue for interacting with customers and partners resulting in good business relations (International-Business, 2008). One may think that E-commerce exclusively means setting up a storefront on the Internet; however, this is not true since it involves complex processes. Resources needed by an international Internet retailer If the retail business entails selling products, then it is important for the retail enterprise to acquire a warehouse or store (Coyle, 2002). This will ensure that the products are secured and kept in good condition. In addition, it will facilitate maintenance of records that eventually reduces irregularities and inconsistencies. Managing computers requires programmers, operating a warehouse needs employees, shipping products require shipping clerks. This implies that, Internet retail business needs to employ personnel for the efficient and effective management. Programmers will maintain computers by ensuring that they are in fine working condition consequently coming up with the best way to advertise products via Internet (Stair, Reynold & George, 2009). A warehouse requires a manager for the overall management of the warehouse activities. The manager works with other employees who perform activities such as transportation, cleaning and repairing. Activities involved in running a global retail business require fiscal support. This means that inadequate or absence of financial resource leads to stagnation of the business. Shipment of goods, maintenance and acquisition of a warehouse are some of the important actions that cannot be attained without fiscal resources. Internet vs. traditional retail resources In my view, the same warehouse capacity, administration buildings and some other physical resources are requisites of both retails. The difference is evident when technology is incorporated on the retail business costing a fortune i.e. acquisition of computers and creating products sites (Perseus, 2002). In addition, a room for facilitating the use of the computer must be purchased or rented. This implies that more physical resources are required in forming Internet retail as compared to traditional retail. In terms of fiscal requirements, there will be extra expenditure on Internet retailer’s purchase of computer and imbursement of Internet services. In addition, acquiring programmers and rooms for computer usage/storage will be expensive (Gottlieb, 2008). On the other hand, traditional companies will incur extra cost in marketing products intern
Introduction A migrant, in a general view, is an individual who moves and never settles at a particular place. The United States Public Health Service discovered that there were 3.5 million migrants, seasonal workers and frame workers in the U.S. In most cases, migrants are immigrants who lack enough skills and employment opportunities. They travel with their families but return to their homes during winter. Most of them live in Mexico and Puerto Rico where they have established homes. 2% of migrant frame workers are African American while the rest are Asian and Caribbean. As result of this movement, their children are often forced to change schools so often. Importance of the topic This topic is important because migrant health issues have been raised by various non-governmental organizations and agencies. The situations that they face are of great concern hence they need to be quickly addressed. Human rights activists also often blame governments whenever migrants suffer from poor health. Various nursing innovative interventions have been created but they do not solve the essential issues that affect migrants’ health. Therefore, there is need to understand what they go through in order to come up with solutions. Community health nursing practices require nurses to offer follow-up programs to individuals. It is important to note that this is rare among the migrants. In most migrant camps, AIDS victims often suffer rejection because there is no one to counsel and encourage them. Due to poor health facilities, most migrant even prescribe their own drugs whenever they feel sick. This is very dangerous and can lead to severe disorders. It is important to understand migrants’ health issues so as to provide health care to them. Nurses who come up with community outreach programs need to have in mind their working environment and prepare adequately before reaching out to migrants. The staff also lacks communication skills because they do not understand the languages of migrants. The nurses can involve the community in their outreach programs because they seem to understand their problems better. The services are often offered during working hours thereby denying migrants the health benefits. Such challenges, including transportation services, can be handled by first understanding a migrant’s heath issues. Analysis of the articles Migrants face a lot of problems in their homes and places of work. Their living standards are poor hence they hardly afford all basic needs as expected (National Organisation for Public Health Nursing, 2009). There are laws made by states that also deny them the benefits of public funds thereby leading to few insurance cover among them. The condition at their places of work is also not good despite pleas from various lobby groups. Some of them die from diseases that can be treated because they lack health fertilities. Their occupation too is considered hazardous. At work, they inhale and ingest pesticides which contain toxic chemicals that can damage their body system. Every year, almost 300 children lose their lives and 2400 are injured in farm-work. Housing regulations have been set
The article With Gas Prices Less of a Worry, Buyers Pass Hybrid Cards By by Ulrich (2015) was selected for the analysis since it offered new insights of U.S. economy and companies operating in the electric automotive industry. Consequently, the primary goal of this paper is to highlight key economic ideas displayed in the article, determine the impact of elasticity on them, and underline its effect on the economy of the United States of America. In the end, conclusions are drawn to summarize my attitudes and provide reasons to support my decision. Four Key Points of the Article Perceived Value of the Firm’s Product Considering the perceived value of the product is of paramount importance to companies, as with the help of this approach, management can understand expectations of existent and potential clients. It covers product’s outlook, characteristics, features, benefits, and drawbacks. In this case, the companies that take into account these ideas have a tendency to be more responsive to the fluctuations of the economic environment and aggregate demand. In the context of the selected article, hybrid and electric cars catered the needs of supporters of green policies while each brand was also associated with particular characteristics of a vehicle such as being eco-friendly, convenient, or cost-efficient (Ulrich, 2015). Product Development Cost Paying attention to product development cost is also vital, as it plays a defining role in the development of the final price, and it refers to financial resources required to create a particular product (Hill, Hult, & Wickramasekera, Liesch, & Mackenzie, 2016). Manufacturers try to keep them as low as possible since it helps increase market share, encourage consumer retention, and remain competitive in the intensified rivalry. Thus, it is rational to invest in different innovative projects to create new markets and become a frontrunner of the industry. In the context of the article, companies like General Motors seek opportunities to reduce costs while making electrified cars attractive to the potential users (Ulrich, 2015). Economic Trend In turn, economic trend is another aspect to consider when making strategically critical decisions. This concept defines the overall direction of the economy and determines the most frequent consumer behavioral patterns (Valaskova & Kliestik, 2015). For example, during the economic recession, customers have a tendency to evaluate their everyday purchases and their alternatives carefully and pay substantial attention to planning (Valaskova & Kliestik, 2015). In the context of the article, the economic trend may be referred to as a continuous downward shift in gasoline prices for the subse
What do we mean when we say that MRP is based on dependent demand? MRP determines the requirements of producing a product in terms of the components or materials required. Therefore, it is based on dependent demand because the demand for one product determines the demand for another product or component, or material (Jacobs and Chase 556). Discuss the importance of the master production schedule in an MRP system MRP is a schedule essential for planning and controlling the manufacturing process. It is useful to plan product requirements in terms of materials required and delivery time. It also helps in forecasting the demand for a particular product depending upon the expected number of sale units. Therefore, it could be stated that it is important for ensuring that the company fulfills its commitments and delivers its product within the specified period. Explain the need for time fences in the master production schedule Time fences are needed in the master production schedule to assist with the planning of resources required for production. It involves the determination of the lead time for the ordering of materials, which is not possible if MPS is allowed to change and deliveries would be late. What are the sources of demand in an MRP system? Are these dependent or independent, and how are they used as inputs to the system? There are two sources of demand in an MRP system which include customers and aggregate production plants. Customers place their orders for a particular product which has to be completed by the delivery date. Customers are regarded as dependent demand, which is not part of forecasting, and it is used as the sum of total orders placed for a particular product. Aggregate production represents the company’s strategy to meet the future demand for its product. The company’s strategy is implemented through MPS by using this information in an MRP system. Therefore, it is used for forecasting and is considered as an independent demand. Discuss the meaning of MRP terms such as planned order release and scheduled order receipts Planned order release is the order that is in the planning phase of release. It can be changed according to the change in the demand for a particular product. On the other hand, scheduled order receipts are related to orders already released. The receipt indicates the estimated date of arrival, which is not definite because of possible delays or variations. Many practitioners currently update MRP weekly or biweekly. Would it be more valuable if it were updated daily? Discuss The reason for updating MRP weekly or biweekly is to smooth out the variations that could be observed daily. The firm’s operations may vary significantly due to high variations daily. Therefore, it is not suitable to update MRP every day as it would create an exception report in which normal variations are reported as abnormal variations. The weekly or biweekly update averages the firm’s daily performance,
Introduction Most chronic illnesses occur in older adults and as the average age of the population goes up, the prevalence of chronic illnesses also goes up; indeed, current statistics shows that many older people aged 60 are becoming vulnerable and most affected by these chronic illness (Chronic Illness, n.d). Cancer is seen as one of the chronic illnesses which can be said to be an abnormal condition that currently is accounting for almost 13 per cent of all deaths in the world (The Cancer Cure Foundation, 2002). Lung cancer constitutes the most prevalent form and leading cause of cancer in both women and men especially in USA and other parts of the world (Medicinehealth, n.d). Of all people on whom diagnosis has been carried out, only 2 per cent of those with lung cancer manage to live five years after the diagnosis. The aim of this essay is to discuss three pertinent questions that are of benefit to healthcare providers and in a way have the capability to increase the awareness of the professionals about the life experience of lung cancer patients, the strategies employed to cope up with the chronic disease and lastly, the means healthcare system could be improved to effectively manage the situation of lung cancer patients using three qualitative research paradigms. Further qualitative interpretive and critical methodologies will be applied to the research question. Literature review Lung cancer is a prevalent and a major cause of death for both women and men; and smokers of all type are the ones at highest risk of getting the disease (MERCK, n.d). The issue of cancer in older people is becoming a great concern especially when one considers the aging population (Edelman and Marlene, 2007). The authors suggest that elderly patients with lung cancer need not to be under -treated or over -treated and that those giving care to patients with lung cancer need not to forget that lung cancer is largely an extraordinarily symptomatic disease (ScienceDaily, 2008). Haas (2010) observes that management of fatigue among elderly lung cancer patients can be facilitated efficiently when all symptoms are assessed and managed effectively. Further, numerous suggested interventions for the management of fatigue are usually drawn from the NCCN Practice guidelines for cancer-related fatigue. There exists barriers to cancer management and despite the existence of numerous guidelines on how effective cancer can be managed, under- treatment of pain remains a significant problem (Sun, Borneman, Ferrell, Piper and Koczywas, 2007). According to
The Russian labor market demonstrates a high degree of segregation based on gender. Many women work in low-paying occupations. This segregation is attributed to differences in educational backgrounds and individual productivity features throughout the country’s labor market. This is likely to have contributed to the ongoing discrimination witnessed in Russian work places. Part of the task for this paper is to explain why there are varying gender gaps in Russian workplaces and whether any intervention measures are helping to ease the difference. Since the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, the Russian labor market has embraced free market dynamics. However, historical influences still play a part in the allocation of labor. Integration of women at work has always been an ideology in Russia (Zavyalova and Kosheleva 342). Klimova (648) shows that there is a significant correlation between gender and the type of job assigned to a person. The researcher also concludes that there is no influencing factor caused by marital status on occupational allocation. After looking at historical data, the researcher also explains that over time, the difference in the regional characteristics of female occupation allocations diminished. However, female job allocations still depended on the nature of the job. Job allocation is the process of assigning certain work positions to an employee, based on the socially perceived capabilities of the employee. Many women took non-geographical dependent jobs in comparison to their studied male counterparts. Authors are able to bring out the existing effects of gender discrimination on female job occupations by subjecting the conditions that women face to male participants. Alternatively, they can eliminate the challenges that females face and then observe whether the females are able to make choices similar to males. If that were the case, then the removed factor would be considered as the cause of the gendered variation in occupation. When it comes to choosing suitable work, the Russian female workforce is not as empowered as the Russian male workforce. In the Soviet era, women were seen as an important factor in the industrialization of the country and they were allocated education and work opportunity by Russia’s socialist government (Zavyalova and Kosheleva 341). Work was determined and managed by state authorities, thus it was predictable for women to work in certain jobs. In addition, women received adequate time off work to cater for family needs, such as raising children and attending to their maternity leaves. The contribution of females remained high during the Soviet years and their numbers in the workplace matched those of males. Despite the equality in number, the nature of jobs that most females ended up having was very different from what men actually got (Klimova 649). Allocation by state ensured that gender roles represented by ideology featured in actual workplaces. Both men and women understood
The King Edgar Hospital’s National Health Service (NHS) Trust has failed to meet the set national targets. Among the approaches identified as key strategies which may be reducing inefficiencies is the implementation of the nurse lead (NLD) discharge scheme. This scheme’s aim is to reduce the time taken to vacate beds in use by already discharged patients hence making them available for new patients in the emergency or on waiting lists. In the process of implementing this scheme several factors will be put into consideration. The environment and its influences will be considered, the change process will also be analysed involving both the plan and its implementation and finally leadership will be considered. The Environment In any environment where change is needed, there is always likelihood that there are initiating factors. A sociologist once noted that changes are only manifested and implemented where the forces of change are stronger than the restraining forces (Lewin, 1951). Thus, the failure to meet set targets or objectives is a significant factor in change. PESTLE Analysis Looking at the current position of the trust using a PEST analysis will increase the understanding of the position of the trust and give context to the changes. Political Influences King Edgar Hospital Trust is a part of the National Health Service which is a universal healthcare system. The NHS is subject to a high level of political influence which begins with the way in which the NHS was set up. It was first formed by Beaven in 1948 in a cross party imitative. In undertaking this, there was a link between politics and health care established in a very direct manner. This link has continued ever since, because trusts such as King Edgar have undertaken many more commercial practices including the development of a contract culture, which arguably should reduce the political pressure felt. However, it may be argued that this constant changing and need for cutting costs has lead to the existence of King Edgar Hospital trust. it was as a result of political pressure for health care services to be improved that the three hospitals merged in order to form the King Edgar Hospitals Trust. Funding by the trust is directly linked to performance of the healthcare. Where a healthcare trust attains its goals they have a degree of latitude in the way the budget is spent with a low level of political interference. King Edgar Healthcare Trust has attained a moderate fail, achieving only one star out of three, resulting in intense pressure in various targets. Economic Influences Each and every health authority is faced with economic influences. As a public body there are high levels of accountability regarding the use of public funds (Nellis and Parker, 2006). There is always public pressure to reduce the expenditure on public services which is almost impossible. They require that the health care provides all types of quality service but at the lowest possible cost in order to reduce on taxation bills. Cost and patient care will often appear to be in conflict
Abstract Breastfeeding is the process of feeding babies with breast milk, be it through natural suckling of the breast or bottle-feeding. Breastfeeding is an essential part of child growth because of its role in immunity and intellectual development. This script is entirely meant to teach new mothers how to ensure their children benefit fully from breastfeeding. The script includes a teaching plan which will be our guide in the presentation. The plan indicates the topics of discussion, time allocation, and teaching modules. Throughout the session, the script focuses on explaining the details of breastfeeding, including a detailed explanation of breast milk production, breast hygiene, and the benefits of breastfeeding. Through the session, clients will learn the breastfeeding techniques, including breastfeeding positions and patterns as well child health and wellbeing. The presentation will be through discussions, questions and answers and demonstrations. Goal This teaching project aims to educate first-time mothers on the ideal practical breastfeeding techniques and train them for the motherly role. Specific objectives  1. At the end of the session, the mothers should have mastered the breastfeeding techniques.  2. Each client should be able to demonstrate various breastfeeding positions, burping, and latching-on techniques.  3. It is expected that each client does not develop any complications during breastfeeding.  4. Each mother will be able to breastfeed their children for the recommended six months period successfully.  5. To ensure the baby attains optimum breastfeeding health benefits. Teaching plan Objective           Time          Content                                                       Teaching style             Teaching Aids                                    1. Self-introduction                                                                                  introduction        Five minutes   2. Introducing the brochure and images                       Lecture                                                                     3. Explaining the importance of the session                                                                                              1. The anatomy of the breast                                                                          The breast          Nine minutes   2. Breast hygiene                                            Lecture and images         projection                                       3. Breast infections                                                                                  Lactation           Nine minutes   1. The physiology of lactation                               lecture                    projection    The baby            Nine minutes   1. Baby reflexes