ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Radisson Hotel is located in a number of the developed countries across the globe. In a bid to provide guest with maximum satisfaction, the hotels experience a number of challenges, with high level of competition in the hotel industry being the major concern, especially in Dubai. This has influenced the position of Radisson Hotels in the range of the most successful hotels in the country as well as across the globe (Soltani, 2003, p. 349). This challenge is associated with the issues of the hotel management, as well as the implementation of suitable programs that are able to facilitate customers’ support. Therefore, the major aspects of this problem necessitate a general program of improving the principles of management and services at Radisson Hotels in order to be in line with the peculiarities of the region (Soltani, 2003, p. 352). But how does improving the principles of management and services in Radisson Hotels relate with the local peculiarities and problems experienced in Radisson Hotels in Dubai as well as across the globe? Literature Review Motivation is an aspect that is inherently held by people and it normally steers them to action. It varies from one individual to another and can also be regarded as the willingness to take action at a particular degree of effort. It appears in literature out of set objectives, values and ambitions. As motivation comes from leaders, there is need to direct and cultivate the incentive that the employees already have (Kingir & Mesci, 2010, p. 65). The success of an organization is influenced by a number of factors, one of which is employee motivation. An organization can only perform well when its employees are well motivated. This is one of the main tasks of every manager; employee motivation leads to job satisfaction, which in turn leads to enhanced productivity. The nature of employee motivation depends on the type of business and the products it offers (Lu, 1999, p. 63; Kingir & Mesci, 2010, p. 61). Radisson hotel in Dubai too is not left out in this issue of employee motivation. The managers of Radisson are out to motivate employees to work harder in the hotel. For that reason, the main challenge facing the managers is to identify the most important factors, which can motivate their workers to improve the company’s performance (Maxwell & Knox, 2009, p. 57; Kingir et al., 2010, p. 62). Motivating employees in Radisson hotel has a positive effect on the productivity of the hotel. Motivation leads to proper utilization of human resources in the hotel. Motivation enables the hotel to achieve its targets as it endeavors to build a good working relationship between employees
Introduction Long before countries came up, empires were used do define a person’s kingdom. Empires are estimated areas of land, companies or in general properties that are owned and ruled by a specific person known as either emperor or empress who has a lot of power and influence. In comparison to contemporary times, more empires existed during ancient times. There are several examples of empires that existed. They include The Roman empire, the Persian empire, Indian empire and the Parthian empire, there are also a lot of other empires that were also formed. Most of the empires were formed almost in the same way although they all had different beliefs. An emperor was mostly selected from a respectable clan because he was seen as a leader and was civilized to since the nations had to have some form of leadership and civilization. Emperors were formed out of respect from wars. If an emperor spotted a particular area that was interesting and he wanted it as part of his empire due to its richness in resources or other attractive factors, he would select some of his men and send them to investigate the area. If it was perfect then he would let the people living there know his intentions of ruling the region. Some of the people would try to oppose his intentions and this would lead to war, if the emperor conquers which he mostly did then he would take over the area and preside over it and the people there would be forced to abide by his laws. This pattern went on and on till the emperor had a really big empire in his name. Main body For an emperor to build his empire he had to face many challenges and opposition and it was not smooth process altogether. The most common challenge being resistance and opposition from different people. As mentioned earlier, a province or area had to be conquered first before it submits its people to the leadership of an emperor. Sometimes the wars were really ugly leading to the death of a lot of people all in the name of power. At other times an emperor found himself at the position of having to protect his people and property from other emperors. Having to make people follow your orders can be such a huge task because there are others who will tend to rebel. So the emperor had to really struggle to get respect from the people. The reason why there are quite few empires remaining is because most of them failed. They were not strong enough to overcome challenges that emerged. Rome for example was such a strong empire and its falling received a lot of reviews “the fall of Rome should be understood as a transforming event instead of a cataclysm ”(Streich par. 1 ). The struggle for leadership was what started to crack the empires. The normal procedure for most of the empires was succession which brought up a lot of quarrels and fighting. The people had freedom of worship and due to different beliefs, they started drifting apart as they could not agree on a lot of things thus their unity was weakened. This lead to the emerging of war and unjustly killings. “ The Romans, in spite of their official, hawkish, state religion, were surprisingly tolerant of other beliefs, as long a
Introduction Since the world has different cultures, races, and ethnicities, cultural diversity is common in cosmopolitan cities and developed countries due to immigration of people from various places in search of lucrative places where they can invest their businesses or explore their careers. In essence, cultural diversity is a great element of a society because it determines values, principles, and ethics that the society upholds in a given period (Page, 2007). Usually, the nature of cultural diversity in a given society reflects the ability of diverse cultures to coexist. In modern day, a society with the most diverse cultures has some values that make it appreciates other cultures, while the one with the least diverse cultures has some values that discourage cultural coexistence (Herring, 2009). Thus, cultural diversity can measure the extent of cultural coexistence in a certain society. Since cultural diversity has significant impact on the society, this project examines different aspects of cultural diversity in the United States such as personal experience, benefits, challenges, and the role of the media and individual in shaping it. Personal Experience The realization that cultural diversity is the strength of a nation has helped me to understand and appreciate people from diverse cultural backgrounds.From my experience, I have understood that cultural diversity is a great social asset, which the United States of America owns because it shapes social, economic, and political aspects of the Americans. A close examination of the cultural diversity in the United States reveals that it is a product of massive immigration of people from diverse cultural backgrounds (Putman, 2009). Conventionally, the United States has become a ‘melting pot’ of different cultures because it provides a home to diverse cultures and enables them to coexist peacefully. Currently, every citizen in the United States identifies more with Amer
What has happened to demand (sales) of holidays in the last five years? What has happened to prices, and the revenues of sellers? Overseas holidays take up the greater part of travel agent bookings; the year 2011 experienced a great amount of holidays overseas taken by the United Kingdom’s flat line since 2008. The demand for sales of overseas tourism in the last five years was low because of various reasons or factors. For instance, the lack of growth in the last five year was enhanced by such factors as “Eyjafjallajokull” volcano, which caused the airspace to be closed up, thus, leading to the reduction in demand sales for holidays due to the negative effects within the market. In addition, there was a downgrade in forecast of GDP growth in the Bank of England, which was noted to be approximately one percent to two percent. The decrease in the demand for overseas holidays in the last five years was also due to domestic events that happened during the peak summer period. For instance, there were Olympic Games in August and the UEFA, European Football Championship in June. It is revealed that domestic holidays declined from the year 2009 peak point remained at sixty-one percent of all holidays that were in use in 2010. Therefore, due to the decrease in demand of holidays that was experienced in the last five years, the prices were also affected, they had to be reduced in order to attract more holiday travelers. As a result, the sellers’ revenues were also influenced negatively because they declined. Research shows that the percentage of demand on holidays was a result of over protection on holidays and a small upturn in the package sector that raised agent`s share of the market. Short breaks were greatly affected by the recession that led to their abandonment by consumers. This trend caused a negative impact on independent holiday volume. The meaning of staycation and why it is popular A staycation is a special type of vacation in which individuals known as staycationers remain at home rather than travel away to have some rest. The main purpose of a staycation is to help people rest from their day-to-day activities without having to take a trip far away from home (Rees 2011, p.89). Staycations have become popular currently because they are readily affordable by every person who needs a vacation but lacks finances or sufficient time. In addition, it is the best vacation for those individuals who do not like to experience travel difficulties such as delays among other shortcomings. Staycations have become popular because it is a person’s choice where to go. In a staycation, there are no difficulties in packing and unpacking of luggage. Generally, staycations have become popular because they are good time savers. Thi
Leadership has become a subject of numerous inspirational articles, books, and psychological training. One such work is the article of Daniel Goleman named What Makes a Leader? The central idea of this outstanding paper is that the level of IQ and technical skills will not necessarily help in becoming a leader; what matters is having what the author has introduced as emotional intelligence. Goleman claims that this trait is twice as important as IQ, various skills, critical thinking, and training. It can assist in becoming a leader, improving one’s performance, and leading one’s company to success. Emotional intelligence comprises five key elements – self-awareness, self-regulation, empathy, motivation, and social skill (Goleman, 2004), and they all are of equal significance. The author provides a clear definition of the constituents of the primary character trait of leaders and draws examples of their application in everyday life, work, and their role in becoming a leader. The first constituent of emotional intelligence is self-awareness. It means that an individual is realistic about his/her emotions, weaknesses, strengths, and needs. Self-aware people never think of themselves too seriously. What this feature is beneficial for is, for example, filling the vacancy of your dream because you will easily determine your strong and weak sides and your goals that will assist in choosing the position and climbing the career ladder. The next element is self-regulation. This trait should be developed to become free of one’s feelings and emotions, especially negative ones. Such people do not panic when the change is approaching; they are open to accept it and take the maximum out of it. The ability of self-regulation cannot be underestimated when working with people because it is a perfect tool for keeping the atmos
Introduction Textile and Apparel companies all over the world have embraced technology in their day to day practices. They are using the internet to market, build value and create awareness among customers. Use of the internet has also enabled customers to access information about the new products introduced in the market. This provides customers with a good chance of comparing the prices and the quality of the products from different companies. Web sites and internets are helping in increasing efficiency and effectiveness of the companies’ practices since they can be able to reach more customers all over the world. It also provides customers with a cheap and a convenient medium of exchange. Therefore, the internet provides benefits to both the companies and the customers (Clark and Flaherty 84). Culwell and Sons Company Brief history This company was started in 1920 as a small retail store to offer pressing services for men suits. That time it was known as Vasity shop but it was changed later after W.E. Culwel who was the founder decided to expand the company. The company incorporated clothing professionals and started selling the best quality mens’ suits. The company today provides all types of men wear in Dallas. The vision of the company is to be the best in Dallas. The company required strong support from the internet in meeting their marketing strategy of reaching more customers around the world. They launched their website officially in 1997 with a purpose of creating the image if the company. One year later, customers could access information about the products of the company and they were also able to buy those products online. In 2005, the company’s online catalogue use became intense and it recorded 5% increase in sales. Benefits from the Website Advertising Through the website, the company is able to reach more customers and create value to its products. Through the website, the company is able to create awareness among the customers on the existing products or on the new products produced in the market. The internet advertising is much cheaper than the print adverts therefore; the company is able to reduce the advertising cost by doing their advertisements on the website. Many customers must be reminded of the existence of the products and persuasion is also required for them to buy the products. The adverts made on the company’s website can stay for as long as the company marketing department wishes and can only be changed by the company and not any other person (Clark and Flaherty 88). This makes the company have the freedom to choose the period that the advert will be on the website. Communication with customers is a factor that is used to create good relationship with the producers. Culwel & Son website have an email section where customers can present their views about the products and interact with the sales personnel through the
Social media has become an important tool in the current society. They provide means through which people can share information in a societal set up with the help of internet connection using such devices as phones and computers. Facebook, YouTube and Tweeter are the three most common types of social media. Facebook has attracted massive number of people from all corners of the world. With the increased sophistication in the field of technology, most phones became internet enabled just to allow users to access Facebook. Personal computers also became cheaper. Other social media such of YouTube and Tweeter also became common and very popular. Facebook has the highest number of subscribers of all the social networks. According to Mandiberg (2012), Facebook has attracted massive number of youths, especially given the fact that it allows an individual to reach out for friends or family members whose contacts could have disappeared. Facebook is estimated to have a fan base of about one billion people. To be a member, an individual will have to sign up for an account. In most of the cases, one would sign up using the e-mail address. Once an individual has an account, he will need to invite friends who already have accounts with Facebook. This results into a community where information can be shared. A user will have a ‘wall’ in the Facebook. In this wall, an individual can post information that will reach all the confirmed friends. These friends can comment on the communication made by the individual. This media allows users to send and receive messages from ‘friends’ using a specified number of characters. The fact that an individual can chat with two or more friends simultaneously has made it very popular. An individual can also send a message to the intended recipient if the recipient is not online. Tweeter is another social media that has gained fame in the last half a decade. Just like Facebook, for one to be on Tweeter, he or she will need to sign up. The individual will need to create an account with Tweeter using his or her identifications. After signing up for an account (always starting with @), the individual can invite friends. One can then be free to start tweeting with friends on this site. The messages sent through this site are called tweets. Just like in Facebook, one can only share message on Tweeter with another individual who has a tweeter account. It will therefore, require an individual to have a number of friends signed up on this account in order to make communication possible. YouTube is another very popular social media both to firms and general public. Like Facebook, YouTube allows users to share information online. The main difference between Facebook and YouTube is that through YouTube, an individual can share heavy graphics such as a video (Sterne, 2010). Facebook and Tweeter cannot support audiovisuals. However, YouTube offers its users ability to share or watch vide
The exclusionary rule that informs the suppression of evidence in a trial traces its origin in the fourth amendment. Here, the law clearly stipulates that, “…where evidence has been obtained in violation of the search and seizure protections guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution, the illegally obtained evidence cannot be used at the trial of the defendant.” Black’s Law Dictionary 564, (6th edition 1990) (Szymanski, 2007, p. 1085). Consequently, a lot of controversy arises regarding the moral or ethical effect of applying this rule. To try and settle the matter, the “good faith” exception came into play in the late nineties, specifically after the case of Arizona v Evans 115 S. Ct. 1185 (1995), rev’g 866 P.2d 869 (Ariz. 1994). This case established a standard that would limit the possibility of a defendant winning in a motion to suppress evidence, especially where the arresting officers were not at fault. The exclusionary rule is meant to act as a deterrent to unethical police conduct or any other misconduct (LaFave, 1996, p. 34). In a hypothetical case where say the defendant was arrested for speeding and the arresting officer while frisking the defendant spots a cigarette roll that reeks of marijuana. Subsequently, he searches the rest of the car where he discovers more contraband in the dashboard. This defendant shall probably bring a motion to suppress the evidence of drugs before the trial begins to determine which evidence shall appear before the jury and the court generally during the hearing. Part of the defense’s argument, may include the fact that the defendant’s rights were violated and that the rule applies to all American states because of the due process clause in the fourteenth amendment. On the other hand, the prosecution can raise any or all of a variety of reasons why the rule should not apply. This could include but would not be limited to the fact that the defendant’s rights were not violated during the search (Dripps, 2002, p. 7). There is also the possibility that the arresting officers who conducted the illegal search were acting in good faith, or on an objectively reasonable belief that they had the backing of a warrant, statute, or a court order that was later determined to be erroneous (Dripps, 2002, p. 14). It is also possible
Introduction The hike in semester fees in USA has arisen due to the absence of adequate state funding for colleges. So it could be said that it is the lawmakers who are responsible for this unexpected hike in semester fees. There is an uncovered deficit of $33 Million caused by overspending in the last fiscal and this amount has to be recovered from the students, since there is no other option in sight. (Jordan). Funding cuts Further there have been deep slashes in the State aids to college and educational. Institutions that has led to the present state of affairs. According to reliable sources, “Deep cuts in state aid – amounting to $29.6 million this year alone, or 16.4 percent, of the state’s $180 million aid package for the 2007-2008 school year “has left the authorities with no other choice but to hike the fees. (Baird). Therefore, it could be said that the main reasons for the hike has been due to the paucity of Funds from public treasury, which used to be a normal way of carrying out of functioning of the colleges, including rendering of top quality education to students, and preservation of highest standards of teaching and discipline. Another factor that impinges upon this could be seen in terms of the fact that students from other states need to pay more in order to claim admission in State universities, thus creating an artificial increase in the fees etc. Although this system may be seen in terms of alleviating situations by which the local students are denied, or suffer lower admission rights, due to presence of outside state students, it also has aspects of hiking fees indirectly. Budget deficits “From the viewpoint of many public policymakers, the judgment is clear and persuasive: quality higher education is a precious state reserve that must be secluded for the community, largely accountable for its financial support, especially in today’s environment of fiscal constraint. “ (Frost, Hearn and Marine). The colleges are faced with a deficit of nearly 4.5 Million, caused by budgetary cuts in funding, and which normally should be resolved through State funding. However, it is believed that State would not be in a position to fill this gap since the State Treasury is itself in a precious economic position with other pressing commitments. Therefore, it would not be reasonable to blame the colleges for raising the fees since they are left with no other alternatives, but to hike fees. It is seen that hiking fees are an often used and effective tool for augmenting college resources. But they fail to address the problems faced by underprivileged students who would not be able to meet these requirements without State aid. If fee hikes and aid cuts are a recurrent feature in college education, there would soon be a time when sections of students would not be able to afford college anymore. Thus, the future state itself would become uneducated and this would spell disaster for all. “Under the “worst-case scenario” — the 8-percent cut — colleges would receive $147.1 million in state aid next year, and tuition and fee