ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Research is an imperative activity aiming to guide nursing practice in providing evidence-based care (Reviriego et al., 2014). Research helps to enhance the quality and efficiency in healthcare, but developing a critical eye for valid research is equally paramount. Critical appraisal of research studies is a determinant factor of decision-making in evidence-based nursing practice. Critical appraisal of research articles is meant to help nurses apply credible knowledge to practice. The critical appraisal process seeks to determine the validity and representativeness of results. Thereby, the discussion herein takes one through the steps of critically appraising the journal article: “Impact of a Fast-Track Esophagectomy Protocol on Esophageal Cancer Patients and Hospital Charges” by Jitesh B. Shewale and others published in the 2015 Annals of Surgery. The appraisal process utilizes a critical appraisal tool from the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) (2013). Literature Review Shewale’s et al. (2015) article does not have a literature review section and an associated theoretical or conceptual framework. The incorporation of empirical literature occurs in the discussion section, as the authors discuss the results. Purpose of the Study The study’s objective is clear by merely looking at the title. The title states the population under study, the intervention of focus, and outcomes of interest. On a different note, the title does not meet the requirements if a PICOT question. The title does not indicate a comparator and the duration of the study/intervention. In order to improve surgery outcomes, the study indicates the effectiveness of an FTEP by having a comprehensive look at pertinent outcome measures. The need for the study is apparent; usually, lengthy hospital stays and high hospital costs are a typical phenomenon after patients undergo esophagectomy and get admitted to the ICU. The FTP entails a modification in the care of esophagectomy patients after surgery. Instead of admission to the ICU after surgery, the new protocol (FTEP) advocates for the transfer of esophagectomy patients to the telemetry unit directly. In addition, the FTEP encourages the inclusion of family and friends in the care of the patient a few hours after esophagectomy. The new protocol yields benefits because of the associated alleviation of both physiological and psychological stress. The study is not intrusive because there is no direct contact with the participants, but the benefits are irrefutable. Shewale’s et al. (2015) study’s results are a reflection of a cancer medical center; thereby, the results are relevant to similar institutions and population. The results inform practice in cancer departments performing esophagectomy to individuals confirmed with adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma es
Breast Self-Exams In any profession, research plays an integral role in the collection of data that contribute to the overall knowledge that guides the profession. Of all disciplines, the field of health relies heavily on research to keep up with changes in disease detection mechanisms and efficiency of new treatment regimens. Studies in this field need to keep up with validity and transferability requirements for the results of the studies to be authentic and applicable. Any good research conducted has its strengths and weaknesses. This paper is a critical evaluation of a study that was conducted on the effect of breast self-exams on curbing breast cancer mortality. Strengths of the Study The fact that the study was conducted by qualified medical doctors authenticated the process of the study since the researchers had good knowledge of breast cancer. The study was also conducted in two separate countries, which widened the scope of the study, thereby increasing the applicability in terms of geography. The results of the study were consistent with the findings of other studies of the same nature on the effectiveness of breast self-examinat
Abstract Tornado causes tremendous environmental destruction, loss of lives, and disability. It is described as a fast revolving column of air that spins around a trivial space of extremely low atmospheric pressure with a rotation that touches the ground. Tornadoes being part of the worst occurrences that are always witnessed within the country, the paper explored one of the worst tornadoes to hit the majority regions of the United States on December 16-17, 2019. Emphasis was on the occasions and the destructions caused and the numerous advancements of the tornado. The December 2019 tornado outbreak established the availability of several risk factors within the United States by analyzing the Enhanced Fujita Scale, the atmospheric layers, and the atmospheric variables on those layers. The preliminary severe weather report database demonstrated how useful it is in integrating the atmospheric maps to analyze the events through a synoptic scale. Besides, Obs and Mesoanalysis were used to derive and compare multiple maps with one main variable but this variable has sub-variables such as vorticity and Conservative available of potential energy (CAPE). Based on the analysis done, the synoptic variables indicated their favorability in creating the tornado outbreak in December 2019. Introduction Globally, tornadoes are devastating and hazardous as they are capable of causing massive damages. They are associated with adverse weather conditions which result in loss of lives, vegetation, and properties. Despite their occurrence worldwide, the US experiences more tornadoes than any other country (Doswell III et al., 2012). In the US, the economic damages caused by the tornadoes in 2019 were nearly 3.1 billion U.S. dollars (Duffin, 2020). This was the third major economic loss emanating from the effects of tornadoes in the US since the tornadoes of 2011 and 2013 (Duffin, 2020). An updated and insightful analysis is essential in understanding the events around the December 16-17, 2019 outbreak. An evaluation of meteorological synopsis, tornado maps of the various atmospheric layers reveals varied patterns of the wind and its speed, temperature, and jet streams. Besides, the Enhanced Fujita Scale (EF-Scale) is used to describe the intensity of tornadoes by reflecting better investigations of tornado destruction surveys. In this case, the provision of a clear understanding of the omega question and its associated maps is critical in developing future tornado markers and predictor scales. The tornado occurrence of December 16–17, 2019 was a noteworthy devastating weather activity, which damaged most parts of the US. Distinct supercells formed in the morning hours of December 16 and progressed towards the northeastern parts of the Southern US, producing several robust, long-tracked tornadoes that ended up coagulating into an eastward-stirring storm line. The regions most affected included Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Tennessee, Florida, Virginia, and Georgia. A total of 40 tornadoes were confirmed with the maximum EF rating of EF3. The highest wind speed recorded was 158mph w
Executive Summary There are so many people, who prefer flights. Besides, there are many people, who prefer comfort during flight. That is why Emirates Airlines is the international carrier that has already changed the essence of the public aviation industry. The company puts the interest of consumers in the first place and uses the idea of an open global economy as a possibility of the economic growth, appropriate employment, and fair trade ( Our company 2015). The current marketing plan is developed to support a project offered to the company. It is suggested to introduce a new product, a label kennel for transportation pets together with their owners. There are many airlines that offer their passengers the possibility to transfer animals in a specially developed zone. However, there are many cases when consumers are eager to be as close to their pets as possible. Emirates Airlines is a powerful company with a number of abilities to provide their consumers with. That is why it is offered to think about the introduction of special kennels that can be used by people in their private cabins. Such flights may become more comfortable and interesting for the customers. Emirates Airlines should create a new standard according to which all services can be improved. This paper aims at developing a marketing plan for the introduction of a new product that can encourage the development of a new service if it is approved and launched properly. The introduction of kennels for transportation pets is based on the SWOT and PEST analyses, the evaluation of the company’s history and missions, and the identification of other factors that can help to improve the project. This project is not only an attempt to impress consumers. It is a chance for Emirates Airline to prove its qualification and readiness to meet the needs of its consumers. Introduction Planning plays one of the most important roles in management (Westwood 2013). A good manager has to know how to behave when to promote change, and why to hire specialists in different departments. For example, it is very important for a company to have a prominent marketing analyst, who is able to create a captivating and effective marketing plan to help the organisation to increase revenues. In the current marketing report, Emirates Airlines is the company chosen for consideration. Emirates Airlines is a well-known organisation with a number of exclusive services for its customers. The company takes care of the quality of every service offered. Though the prices are high, they correspond to the premium quality offered. However, sometimes, the success of the company and the possibility of benefits depend on some small details that do not cost a lot, still, can mean a lot to ordinary people. The current project is an attempt to make of such
Introduction Senator Barack Obama told Planned Parenthood Tuesday that sex education for kindergartens as long as it is “age-appropriate” is “the right thing to do”. He has further stated that teaching kindergartens about “inappropriate touching “should act as potential weapons against crimes on children in America. (Sex Ed for Kindergarteners ‘Right Thing to Do’ Says Obama, 2007). Though the child’s first lessons on sex should begin from home it would be effective if school teachers join hands in imparting sex education to children as a child spends a considerable time with his teachers who are his second parents. Hence, sex education as an internal part of elementary school, should function to provide awareness on the atrocities committed on the innocent. Main text Conservatives and Liberals in America have always debated whether schools should teach sex education or not. It is indeed sad that every time a child becomes a potential prey, the political leaders have to sit back at a round table thinking about the inclusion of the subject and arguing with each other. A rather dismal picture appears before us when we hear reports of attacks against children. Teachers can definitely contribute a lot where the importance of imparting the necessary and appropriate is concerned. Every moment a child becomes a potential customer to a maniac. Schools should assign separate hours wherein the basic lessons are highlighted. Their natural curiosity about their body parts, the changes that can be expected in them, the onset of puberty and their physical and emotional changes should be answered as true as possible. I believe every child takes his teacher’s words to be true. So the teacher could be the best guide to any child. The child spends a considerable amount of time amongst his friends and teachers. This could be his first contact with society. It could also foster relationships with different people. The teacher is the right person who could drive home the points on sex education comfortably as many parents generally avoid talking on the subject as they get embarrassed. Eventually the child becomes a stranger to his physique and in turn a helpless victim
Introduction The Goldman Sachs is a leading brand in the financial services sector. It has the same marketing message throughout its global markets although the ingredients used and the price is determined by a country’s economic condition and culture. The brand management always considers the two before introducing it to the markets because of a strong relationship between the brand and culture though they are separate disciplines. They have also tried to reflect the meaning of brand in terms of cross-cultural and cross-national perspectives and have hypothesized that the religion, culture and other socio-cultural factors have some direct influence on the brand strategic management. In order to address modern challenges that the organizations like Goldman Sachs are facing today, various scholars and researchers have suggested some interventional strategies. Which mainly focuses on the interaction level between the employees and targeted customers in the context of their cultural affiliations because it can be enhanced through developing synchronization between their cultures (Ruffino,49). Goldman Sachs Performance Analysis During the fiscal year of 2010, Goldman Sachs faced a number challenges. Still, the company revived its trust among the consumers by adopting diversity and offering services. Goldman Sachs reduced absenteeism and increased performance through this approach. In order to revive performance and win back customers, the company started a scheme of bonuses for all employees if they achieved the benchmark levels of performance set by management. This policy showed significant changes in behavior and returned the company to profitability. The second kind of behavior learning is through negative reinforcement. Punctuality is a persistent issue at almost every firm in the world. In order to reinforce a desirable behavior by removing the negative reinforce, the likelihood of repeating the negative behavior is diminished. Not until employees were pressurized and threatened that unless their punch cards were punched with the times, the employees would not be paid. After a few reminders, the employees were using the time clock. Here, the possibility and threat of not getting paid served as a negative reinforce to get a desirable outcome of getting punched cards. Punishment serves to reduce the occurrence of the undesirable behavior. In extinction, the undesirable behavior is completely eliminated from being repeated by the individual. Effectively Managing Diversity at Goldman Sachs Diversity plays a significant role when it comes to efficiency of management and workers throughout the organization. It helps companies retain employees by encouraging them to work together to identify, discuss, and solve a variety of issues and welcome constructive conflict to solve their problems. This approach has helped Goldman Sachs helped to solve a variety of customer problems as well and increase customer satisfaction. Every person has a different style of thinking and utilizing his or her cognitive abilities. Some people are more inclined towards arts and some towards sciences and
Abstract This paper focuses on a case study of the staffing problems at British Airways (BA) as an illustration of a service-oriented company that faces modern-day problems of employee opposition to downsizing. The paper uses online questionnaires as the main data collection tool to sample the views of ten company employees who work in British Airways (BA). Comprehensively, this paper acknowledges that BA has maintained a good relationship with most of its stakeholders, except for its employees. Therefore, this paper proposes that BA should adopt an open communication strategy to improve its relationship with its employees. Similarly, this paper recommends that BA should uphold stakeholder engagement as the main solutions to the periodic industrial actions it faces. This way, the company can improve its competitiveness in service provision and maintain its leadership in the aviation sector. Introduction British Airways (BA) Company is the national flight carrier of the United Kingdom (UK). BA operates under the banner of the One World Alliance and under its parent company – International Airlines group (Cole, 2003). The parent company lists in the London Stock exchange (Cole, 2003). So far, BA flies to more than 160 destinations around the world (Melville, 2011). Its presence manifests in Europe, Asia, North America, Africa, and other parts of the world (however, its main hub is in London) (Melville, 2011). Based on its fleet size, BA is among the largest airline companies in the world. Moreover, besides Easy Jet Company, BA is the largest airline company in the UK, in terms of its passenger numbers (Cole, 2003). BA offers a variety of services including engineering and cargo transportation. However, passenger service is its main business focus. Since its privatization, BA has been a phenomenal success in the provision of passenger services. The company’s privatization helped the organization to move from a loss-making entity to a profitable enterprise. An increase in the organization’s turnover, operating profits, and earnings per share characterized the swift transition of the company into a profit-making entity. The volumes of passengers have also more than quadrupled in the past decade (Melville, 2011). Nonetheless, underlying BA’s success is a growing dispute between the company’s management and its workers. The fiercely competitive aviation sector also threatens the sustainability of the company’s service. Indeed, low-cost airlines considerably erode BA’s market share through effective pricing and the provision of quality services. On one hand, BA’s has been forced to improve its customer services by nurturing long-term relationships with its customers, but this move has been undermined by several factors. Staffing problems and a demoralized workforce highlights some of the problems that affect the company’s goal of maintaining its industry leadership. Defining the Problem For most parts of the years 2010 and 2011, British Airways experienced several industrial actions from its workers (Werdigier, 2010). The workers demanded higher pa
Introduction As a Christian institution, Pepperdine University strives to instill the highest academic standards and Christian values by ensuring that all students and faculty members observe and practice strong lives of purpose, leadership qualities, and community service. Accordingly, I strongly believe that I am well prepared to be part of this institution considering that over the years, I have been an active member of my church back in my home town. Through my strong devotion to follow Christ and my upbringing in a strong Christian faith, I have developed the tendency of involving God in every aspect of my life including my academic life through prayers and reading the bible. Therefore, I am ready to continue professing my Christian faith and follow the values and principles expressed through the Pepperdine University’s Christian tradition. Main Body On the other hand, being a student majoring in communication and public relations, I believe that I am prepared to acquire the necessary communication and interpersonal skills, which will allow me to contribute to the institution’s community of faith. Here, I am looking forward to becoming an active member of the University family that works in collaboration with the Crest Advisory Board. Given this opportunity, I intend to participate in all forums organized by the board with the aim of encouraging information exchange and educating the University family and the surrounding communities on topical issues affecting them. I am also interested in participating in athletic, academic, and cultural activities organized by the board to learn more about the cultural practices of other communities besides exposing them to the cultural attributes of my own culture and community. Furthermore, by becoming an active member of the Pepperdine University’s Christian community, I am looking forward to contributing to the institution’s learning processes through participating in the annual bible lectures. Through such lectures, which feature various aspects of Christianity including performances, bible classes, theme lectures, and spiritual exploration, I am looking forward to sharing with other members of the university family my understanding of biblical teachings. Besides, I believe that the bible lectures will give me the opportunity to develop excellent presentation and communication skills, which are vital components in my career as a public relations person. Conversely, I am also well prepared to take the Convocation series as part of the University’s learning processes aimed at strengthening the student’s Christian faith, values, and ethical/moral standards. Conclusion But most importantly, I am very much committed to community service because it is one of my hobbies. As a result, I believe that I stand a better chance of becoming an active member of the unive
Chapter 15 is written by Sharon L. Coudle and titled “Qualitative Data Analysis”. The beginning of the chapter emphasizes the importance of this type of analysis, the way of collecting materials from all possible sources and working with them. The first stage of qualitative data analysis is pre-analysis (advantage of which is the flexibility of its process), the major elements of which are: “research design and data targeting, data collection and documentation, a data organization system, and analyst skills and knowledge” (Coudle, p. 418). Further on the definition of qualitative analysis is given, together with the basic practices and examples that have to be considered thoroughly in the process of conducting analysis: coding (attaching a certain set of labels to received data to ease its operation and processing; is conducted by either inventing pre-codes or deriving codes from the program being evaluated), memos and remarks (any additional information attached to primary data that may influence data perception and analysis), and data displays (the analytically powerful format of data representation). Objectivity and validity elements are also included in the description of the analytical process – there is a set of threats that the analyst team may encounter in the process of data collection and its further interpretation. They include inaccurate or incomplete data (missing some facts or considering them irrelevant); misinterpreting the data’s meaning or meanings (personal bias); discounting data (considering it irrelevant or excessive); failure to sufficiently document the chain of evidence (deep and responsible approach to the process) (Coudle, pp. 427-428). The chapter further gives out a set of possible actions that the analyst team should make to avoid or prevent these threats (Coudle, pp. 429-430). Interpreting data and presenting the findings constitutes the main part of the qualitative data analysis process. Interpreting data results in the representation of interim findings that are the backbone of the process and serve the purpose of deriving the final results. Presenting final findings is a complex process including many elements: setting and adhering to the milestones (sticking to the homogeneity of the analysis and fitting its beginning with its end); determining the audience needs (all set of audiences taken into consideration); organizing the analytical products (make access to information easier); outlining and sequencing the report presentation (accommodating data to the particular chosen mode of representation); composing and tightening the findings (choosing relevant information and way of its presentation); identifying what objectivity and validity tests will involve the draft findings (to ensure the accuracy and relevance of data) (Coudle, pp. 431-435). Coming to emphasizing the peculiarities of the qualitative data analysis, the author underlines the fact that the best approach to be chosen in the present context is rigorous and comprehensive (Coudle, p. 436). He adds that to achieve good results it is necessary to develop analytical knowledge, obs