ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The subject of the case study under consideration is a 17-year-old Latina girl, Mary S, who is delivered to a hospital unconscious with a head bleeding freely as a result of an unsuccessful pool jump from the second floor. She is given PET scans that help to define a number of injuries and the necessity to be placed on precautionary life support. The level of TBI has to be defined by means of the analysis of the results of three types of tests: the Glasgow Coma Scale, the duration of post-traumatic amnesia, and the duration of the unconscious state (Lezak, Howieson, Bigler, & Tranel, 2012). As she follows the orders of a neurologist, opens her eyes briefly, moves her fingers, but is not able to speak just moan incoherently, the Glasgow Coma Scale demonstrates the results such as: E3, V2, and M6. The loss of consciousness lasts for about 3 hours. Amnesia is hard to observe as the girl does not respond verbally for about a day. The next day, she recognizes her parents. The interpretation of these elements proves that Mary has the moderate type of brain injury. The moderate brain injury usually causes brain swelling and bleeding as a result of which a person spends much time sleeping. At the same time, a person is not in comma and can be aroused (still, it is not recommended) (Brain Trauma Foundation, n.d.). Taking into account all information got and the evaluation of the DSM-V standards, the following diagnosis may be given: traumatic brain injury with the consequences like adjustment disorder with mixed anxiety and depressed mood (309.28 DSM code), posttraumatic stress disorder (309.81 DSM code), and disorder of written expression (315.2). A Pre-Morbid Estimation The estimation of pre-morbid functioning is one of the crucial steps that have to be done as when a TBI case takes place. As a rule, special tests like the NAART or WTAR are used to determine a person’s pre-morbid level of intellectual functioning along with the use of existing records (Strauss, Sherman, & Spreen, 2006). In the case study under analysis, it is stated that Mary has not passed through full-scale IQ tests, this is why the results of the tests are definite in regards to a particular situation. The WTAR (Wechsler Test of Adult Reading) on the basis of No-Child Left Behind Testing records is may be used with Mary as she meets its age ranges (16-89 years), speaks English perfectly, and can demonstrate her abilities to pronounce irregular verbs with a clear understanding of what they are all about (Strauss, Sherman, & Spreen, 2006). The test lasts about 10 minutes during which an examiner presents 50 word cards one by one and gives prompts to a patient on how to pronounce a word. Each correct answer is 1 score for the patient. In case 12 incorrect answers take place, the test has to be stopped. The peculiar feature of the test is the possibility to compare predicted and actual functioning considering the general intellectual status and the condition of memory. As soon as all 50 cards are shown, the results are evaluated in regards to the age of a patient. Mary is a 17-year-old girl with a high
Chapters 41-58 of “Seven Pillars of Wisdom” are about Thomas Lawrence’s approach to Damascus on his way to Akaba. He was in the company of Auda Abu Tayi, Nasri and a group of Arab tribesmen with whom he intended to take control of the port town of Akaba from the Turks (Lawrence). This expedition was part of the Arab Revolt whose goal was to liberate Syria from the Turks. The Arab Revolt was orchestrated by the British, during The First World War, after Turkey entered the fray of the war on the side of Germans. The events described in this paper are useful in comprehending the course of that war, its outcome and the legacy it left in the Middle East. It would also be important to understand how Lawrence meant for “Seven Pillars of Wisdom” to be read. In the book’s preface, Lawrence writes that it would be wrong to perceive the book as an objective account of the Arab Revolt. Rather, he asserts, it should be considered the subjective record of how he saw and felt about the happenings related to the revolt at the time. It was written after the actual events had taken place, and is as such to a large extent the product of his memory. Discussion There are two reasons behind Britain’s instigation of the Arab Revolt. The first is that the British were aware that there was a possibility of a call of Jihad against the Allies by the warlike Arab tribes who were on the side of Germany and Turkey (Glubb, 58). The sheriff of Mecca had however inquired about Britain’s willingness to come to his aid against the Turks. Having the custodians of Mecca at war with the British as allies would definitely have worked against a united jihad against the Allies (Glubb, 58). Secondly, the British being well aware of the resentment of the Arabs towards the Turks, decided to exploit their eagerness to revolt against the Turks in order for Britain to engage the Turkish army towards the Arabs while she herself engaged with Germany (Lawrence). Promises had been made to the Arabs by the Britons to the effect that Syria would be declared independent and that an Arab state would be established in the Arabian Peninsula after the Turks had been defeated. It was however no intention of the British to fulfill this promise in view of her knowledge of France’s interest in Syria (Lawrence, Glubb, 108). It is with this awareness that Lawrence led the Auda, Nasri and the tribesmen towards Damascus through Wadi Fejr, Houl, the Kaseim of Arfaja, Ghutti, Ageila and eventually Nebk (Lawrence). On arrival at Nebk, Nesib, one of the tribesmen with whom they were riding with proposed that they should attack Damascus instead since
Describe the characteristics of Hotel Monaco. What is its target market? How does Hotel Monaco Chicago differentiate itself in that market? The particular area in which Hotel Monaco tries to excel is impeccable customer service. There are three key characteristics that define the hotel and help the staff provide services of the highest quality: the tasks to be done, the treatment of the customers, and tangibles including the core, design, and comfort of the hotel. The staff supports the personal needs of the hotel’s customers and pays special attention to their comfort. Hotel Monaco is a 4-star hotel that provides personalized services for business travelers; therefore, business travelers are the hotel’s target market. Another important characteristic of the hotel is that it is located near shopping and entertainment areas. With this location, the administration of the hotel is able to please not only business but leisure travelers as well. Nonetheless, the most significant feature of Hotel Monaco is the service design as it is the most effective instrument used by the hotel to differentiate itself in the market. How does Hotel Monaco’s small size support its strategy? Could a larger hotel do the same thing? The small size of the hotel fully supports its strategy. One of the ways it supports the strategy is the use of a custom-developed application that informs the front desk about customer arrivals. The key feature of this application is that it also informs staff about returning guests and lists their preferences (if there are any). The hotel’s strategy is to captivate clients and exceed their expectations, a great representation of how the strategy of the hotel is in full compliance with its small size. Hotel Monaco does everything to satisfy customer needs and offers numerous extras to its visitors. Indeed, it is safe to say that a larger hotel would not be able to replicate the success of Hotel Monaco because the services at this hotel are incredibly personalized and aimed at returning customers. Larger hotels would not be able to provide the same level of personalized service due to the resources required to support this strategy. What has Hotel Monaco Chicago done to meet business travelers’ needs? How does Hotel Monaco differentiate its treatment of weekend travelers from its treatment of business travelers? To meet the needs of business travelers, Hotel Monaco Chicago goes beyond their expectations. The hotel staff members do little things to satisfy their customers and show that they appreciate the personality of each of their clients. The hotel provides excellent room service and maintains a high level of responsiveness. The key characteristic that differentiates weekend leisure travelers from business travelers is the price. In other words, the rates schedule varies depending on the type of customer and the purpose of their visit. Business travelers have access to discounts that are only available to companies, while leisure travelers
In a globalized world, the ability to cohabit and the need to respect one another seems to be more prominent than ever. Nevertheless, the lack of understanding or willingness to reasonably accommodate an individual’s religious beliefs – if they do not threaten others’ safety and freedoms – is an issue that frequently arises. In the case of Ms. Djarra, who used to work at a fast-food restaurant, the necessity to wear a headscarf during Ramadan led to disagreements with her manager, Mr. Johnson, and ultimately dismissal. Given that Ms. Djarra occupied a customer-facing position, the headscarf provoked several instances of patrons addressing pejorative and discriminative words to the employee. The plaintiff claims that the headscarf did not hinder her work performance. In contrast, Mr. Johnson’s position stems from the idea that the piece of clothing contradicted company policies and put the employee at risk. Therefore, the case concerns freedom of religious expression at a workplace and the extent to which an organization should accommodate it. Primarily, the case can be addressed using the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The document became a cornerstone for labor rights since it prohibits discrimination at a workplace based on religion, ethnicity, sex, et cetera (Langvardt, 2019). Title VII of the Civil Rights Act centers specifically on the issue and is valid in the private sector as well. It applies to an array of work‑related moves and activities such as recruitment, job assignment, dismissals, and pay (Langvardt, 2019). Under the act, no person can be discriminated against because of the characteristics mentioned earlier. Employees have the right to wear pieces of clothing of religious nature and groom themselves according to their spiritual beliefs if it does not directly interfere with the work by diminishing performance or compromising safety. EEOC enforces the title; still, it is used in private claims in many instances, which applies to Ms. Djarra’s case (Langvardt, 2019). Therefore, Title VII is the foundation on which the case rests and in line with which should be resolved. In order to determine whether Mr. Johnson discriminated against Ms. Djarra based on religion, it should be established whether his reasons to prohibit wearing the headscarf were mealy pretexts. According to Title VII, the employee could not have been expected to abstain from practicing her religion (Langvardt, 2019). Even though the plaintiff clarified the need to wear the item during Ramadan, the defendant did not yield. Mr. Johnson declared that the garment frequently caused aggression towards the employee, potentially jeopardizing her well-being. Nonetheless, Ms. Djarra claims that the remarks were mostly innocuous, did not present a danger, and she is used to dealing with negativity caused by expressions of her religious beliefs. The dimensions of the security issue are contradictory, and the efforts to eliminate it were not made. Furthermore, other staff members were allowed to wear, for example, Christian symbols under their uniform, whereas the plain
In his article “Identity and Jewish Education”, Cohen (2008) postulates that sociologists determine Jewish identity according to the three B’s components: “Belief, Behavior, and Belonging” (p.75). I was born in a secular family of four children. However, my father used to attend synagogue only on major holidays, to be part of our Jewish community or so I think; or as Cohen describes it, to feel a sense of belonging. In regard to Jewish behavior, I strongly remember a powerful memory of a Jewish ritual that happened twenty nine years ago. I was just ten years old when my dad’s mother died. The picture I had in my sad sobbing eyes will stay with me forever. I remembered my father sitting on the floor and crying; the top part of his shirt was torn in the middle. Both my mother and my sister were sitting on the bed with red puffy eyes. As soon as my mom noticed my presence, she got closer to me and hugged me. She told me that my dad’s mother “turned to be a butterfly and that she is flying towards her freedom now.” Only later I knew that my dad’s torn shirt was a symbol of a Jewish tradition ‘mourner custom’ for the death of a first close relation. Nevertheless, my beliefs, in regard to Judaism, have changed dramatically throughout my life span. When I was fifteen years old, my parents made a decision, which set me into deep thinking for the next few years. They embraced the Jewish culture with such devotion that I could clearly tell they had strongly decided to keep a distinct boundary between the Jewish laws and the outside world. The death of my brother’s father in-law prompted my older
What Is So Interesting About Pinterest? Being a comparatively new social media website, Pinterest can boast many users and a wide range of options to offer to them. With this platform, one can look for and share images arranged in groups by interests. This media is like an online pinboard, and it is a fantastic opportunity for organizing the items. The interaction between users is realized through commenting, liking, and repinning items. Opportunities to Diversify Your Search Results with Pinterest As Pardes remarks, the website’s attempts to diversify were initiated in 2016, when Candice Morgan became Pinterest’s head of diversity and inclusion. Morgan realized the drawbacks of the platform’s work and offered effective solutions. In particular, she paid attention to the fact that search engines had problems with “who gets represented” (Pardes). Being a Black woman, Morgan noticed that most search findings related to beauty recommendations and fashion showed white women. Although the results on Pinterest were “less inflammatory,” the platform still required the use of specific keywords to search for makeup and hairstyles for non-white females. On some occasions, the specification level led to the impossibility of a user to find what he or she needed (Pardes). Thus, the adjustment of diversification options is aimed at attracting more users by offering them more choices. “Beauty Tips” (Pinterest). Pinterest’s Attempts to Adjust the App for Blind People Last week, Pinterest announced its decision to make some updates to the application to become more “inclusive” (Connellan). Among the innovations, there are some designed specifically for people who have low vision or are blind. The first major change concerns color sensitivity that will be increased in the updated version. The new color palette is more readable for individuals with bright color sensitivity as well as for low-vision users (Connellan). Moreover, it is more convenient to read the text against certain color backgrounds. “Pinterest’s New Accessible Colour Palette” (Pinterest). Another change is the introduction of spoken feedback, which will enable people with poor vision to browse and save pins much easier (Connellan). Also, the support for dynamic font sizes is now allowed, so the information is more legible. A particularly positive innovation is the feature offering clearer focus indicators. Low-vision users will now navigate Pinterest more conveniently due to bolder colors and easier location of the focus. “Pinterest Is Finally Making Accessibility a Priority” (Pinterest). Pintere
Introduction Communication assumptions serve as significant channels employed to comprehend human behavior. Therefore, human communication is essential feature of our daily-today activities. Thus, professional, group, personal, and public communication determines individual or collective perceptions. There are diverse communication theories which are exploited in our conventional societies. For instance, Online news sites do employ diverse approaches in regard to the manner they present their news. The objective behind this rationale is to provide balanced and all inclusive news items. Therefore, looking at the manner such a news site as Al jazeera website is designed. It would be instrumental to assert that the website is designed in consideration with such features as gender equality. Communication theories One of the foremost communication theory exploited in this website regards the theory of mass communication (Pierce, 2009). The hypothesis posits that people are certainly hesitant to show their standpoint where individual opinion is in unpopular. In regard to that conjecture the Al jazeera website seems to have thus combined the aspects of theory of organizational communication with the dynamics of theory of mass communication. The core objectives of the site are to cultivate strong presentation of their views without bias, hate, prejudice or racism. Looking at the nature of the news items found in the website it is evident that proximity, human interest as well as intensity of the information is given a profound consideration. Thus, the organization concept is well correlated to the interests of their anticipated audience as well as the organizations interests. Therefore, examining the site from the organizational communication theory, the website relies on the continuous development of its contents which includes diverse news items, features, editorials as well as regional and international news analysis (Pierce, 2009). In essence, the information is thus presented in a way that the audience is allowed to participate in forming a greater scion of the opinion rather than depend entirely on the sites own interpretations. Al jazeera Website Generally, human communication takes place when either one or more individual send or equally receive information. Concerning the manner the information is presented the website considers such communication dynamics as sources, content, channels including both noise and effects. By doing so they have managed to capture and retain the originality of their news items. More so, the quality of th
The quest to transform an organization is very daunting. The difficulty in transforming organizations comes from various sources. First, each organization has a unique culture. This refers to how the members of that organization relate. Secondly, the organization has stakeholders and partners who have certain expectations on how the organization should conduct its business. These factors, among others, complicate the efforts needed to change the trajectory of an organization. Stephen Elop joined Nokia in 2010 as its president and CEO. Elop was the first non-Finnish CEO of the company. The Nokia Board felt that the company needed someone from outside to lead it. Their rationale was that someone with fresh eyes would have a better chance of bringing strategic change to the organization compared to someone brought up within Nokia. This paper examines the challenges that Stephen Elop faced when he joined Nokia. In addition, it examines how he developed and implemented a transformational strategy at Nokia. Strategic Challenges at Nokia in 2010 Each company deals with several strategic challenges at any time. The difference between companies that survive and those that collapse depends on how they respond to strategic threats. A review of literature regarding the strategic challenges that Nokia was facing in the period surrounding Elop’s appointment as the head of the company revealed seven main challenges. The seven challenges were weaknesses in strategic planning, competitive pressure, weak innovation management, poor ope
Overview Backwell is a family group company established in the year 2007 by the charismatic owner Ken Backwell. Ken Backwell started the company as an assembly unit for phones. It has been successful as an assembly unit with an ever widening market over the years. Backwell IXL worked with big phone manufacturing companies in the past, including Nokia and Samsung. The company is now able to manufacture phone parts like earphones and charger for the above mentioned phone companies. This is a task that has placed the company in a very critical position in this industry of phone manufacturing. Therefore, Backwell IXL is trying to position itself to be a future phone manufacture of its own. Organisational Structure Backwell is organised in a manner that allows reducing employee load on the company’s revenue. It comprises of a President of the company which since it is a family company is a position occupied by Ken Backwell himself. He is assisted by departmental managers who ensure the goals of the company are reached and the policies of the company are implemented. The departmental managers are only two: manufacturing manager and marketing manager. The manufacturing department of the company is responsible for the production of the phone parts while the marketing department is responsible for marketing the company’s products. Below these managers are the staff members who are responsible for implementing departmental policies. This kind of an organisational structure has enabled the company to promote competition between the two departments since there are only two of them. Each of the departments hires, fires and promotes their own staff members to ensure a stiff competition between the departments. Company Strategy The company has a strategy of becoming a complete phone manufacturing company by the end of 2016. The strategy employed by the company includes ensuring a consistency in the manufacture of the phone parts and producing their own brand by the year 2014. Producing their own brand of phone parts will put them at a critical point when achieving their goal. It is also important to note that Backwell IXL currently partners with big and successful phone manufacturing companies. Nokia and Samsung are known as the two best manufacturing companies and as such they are likely to play a big role in shaping Backwell to be a phone manufacturer on their own. This strategy may succeed if it is followed up properly, as well as focused solely on the manufacturing of phone parts. Product Development Development of the products by Backwell is often a closely followed process bearing that the company is producing phone parts for phones, that is not a manufacturing process. This means that design of the products is dictated by the phone manufacturers, in this case, Samsung and Nok