ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Nurses always have to participate in scholarly activities to maintain and improve their degree of proficiency. As for me, I attended nursing seminars, where nurses from different fields of health care gave their presentations and introduced new technologies. The target market for such workshops are not only students but also practicing nurses. The benefits of the activity to me include getting an insight into the work of various healthcare departments and obtaining the knowledge about new medical equipment. Seminars are designed to solve the problem of updating nurses’ knowledge in the field of patient care. It is a problem for healthcare workers because, currently, nurses are required to be “both clinically competent and theoretically sound as ‘scholar-practitioners’” (Zou, Easton, Mudrick, Grzelak & Vanderlee, 2018, p. 48). It is also a problem for patients since the level of nurses’ qualifications influences the quality of patient care. By participating in seminars, nurses can deepen their knowledge and become more competent specialists. Seminars address the problem of improving nurses’ competence in several ways. First, by listening to the presentations of others, nurses learn how their colleagues cope with issues emerging in medical settings. Secondly, delivering a presentation can help to improve leadership skills in a safe environment, which will be useful for making decisions related to patient care (Zou et al., 2018). Thirdly, during a seminar, nurses can learn to operate new equipment and become familiar with innovative technologies, which is important for speeding up the process of hospital modernization. This scholarly activity meets the objectives of improving nurses’ professionalism in diverse healthcare settings and utilizing patient care technologies. Participating in seminars can help me grow as a nurse because I will obtain comprehensive knowledge in the field of medicine and learn to provide high-quality patient care. It will make me a more employable professional and will allow me to increase my earnings. Seminars address a number of program competencies that are usually included in an individual success plan. First, participating in this scholarly activity gives an understanding of nursing concepts. Secondly, it teaches nurses to communicate and cooperate with interdisciplinary healthcare professionals, which allows them to treat patients safely and effectively. Finally, seminars provide nurses with competencies in the field of patient care technologies and the application of information management systems. Reference Zou, P., Easton, L., Mudrick, E., Grzelak, S., & Vanderlee, R. (2018). Strengths-based student-led presentations in clinical reflection seminars: Narratives of learning experiences. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 8 (3), 48-55.
We can argue that the creation of a European single currency without a fiscal union is structurally flawed. Explain the readings and lectures surrounding the European sovereign debt crisis. The Eurozone has many institutional faults and that is why the creation of a European single currency without a fiscal union is unstable. In early 2010, for instance, financial markets reported that the fiscal positions of several Eurozone countries, starting with Greece, were unsustainable. Despite the urgent warning, European leaders and institutions delayed in their policy responses towards the situation. The banking sector also seemed weak and this caused fears over possible Greek default spreading to other nations such as Spain and Italy. The 1992 Maastricht Treaty laid out the criteria that nations had to meet before becoming members of the European Monetary Union (EMU). However, the treaty did not create any conditions that would allow the European Central Bank (ECB) to come in aid of Eurozone members during the economic crisis. Rather, the treaty suggested that each member must finance its deficits, a condition that is not always possible considering that some members may not have adequate resources to do so. The existence of a fiscal union would have identified and filled this gap. During the creation of the European single currency, the EMU left the fiscal policy to the individual member states. Poor execution of fiscal discipline has led to increasing public debts in states like Greece. It is hard for the exporters to cope with the devaluation of the currency and enormous debts since there are some Euro restrictions. Eurozone members that are leading in debts have had to reduce public expenditure and increase taxes to enhance their economic positions. The existence of a fiscal union would put measures in place to see that Greece complies with all conditions established by the institution, or otherwise, establish fiscal policies aimed at enabling nations with large public debts to come out of the situation. We can also argue that the establishment of the Euro made members of the Eurozone lose their potential in using fiscal policy tools during harsh economic conditions. The unavailability of monetary and exchange rate apparatus tied with a lack of a regular fiscal plan creates anxiety as Eurozone members face limitations when dealing with economic shocks. Lastly, the monetary union lacks adequate adjustment mechanisms that can bridge the gap in competitiveness between countries such as Germany, in the wealthy north, and the more spendthrift countries in the south, such as Greece. A fiscal union would establish a common fiscal policy to address these persistent economic imbalances. Since the collapse of Doha negotiations in Cancun and the ambiguity of Hong Kong, U.S, and EU protection programs for sugar, dairy, a
Introduction Organizations operating in the 21 st century face multiple challenges since they have to remain at par with technology for them to remain competitive. For technology-intensive organizations such as those operating in the electronic hardware and software industries, the challenges are even amplified since they have to pay incredible attention to innovation and creativity in the effort to ensure that they are not rendered obsolete when new technologies emerge. However, this does not imply that the approaches of other organizations’ evolution of management are not influenced by technology. The emergence of social media and other internet-based marketing platforms has affected the way product and service sector organizations place their products and services in the global markets. Through recognition of the roles of technology in influencing the manner in which organizations in the 21 st century approach their managerial practices, this paper investigates the common principles and practices used to manage the 21st-century technology-intensive organizations with reference to four main principles. These principles and practices are strategic management, human capital management, innovation and creativity, and managerial approaches such as democratic management approach and bureaucratic management plans. Human capital management Technology-intensive organizations are now investing heavily in human capital development as one of the best practices in management. This approach is opposed to the traditional approach of focusing on investment in equipments together with physical capital. Increased investment in human capital seeks to ensure that organizations develop skills and knowledge bases of their employees to guarantee their capability of meeting the emerging needs. Focus on the training of employees is important in technology-intensive organizations since technology keeps on changing (Revels & Morris, 2012, p.62). The shift from the traditional focus of investing in physical assets is driven by the changing trends of requirements to enhance organizational competitiveness. In the 21 st century technology-intensive organizations, remaining competitive requires the creation of new ideas of developing the existing technologies deployed by an organization to cut costs. This means that organizations are forced to employ people who are highly skilled to ensure that such skills are developed continuously (Ruppe, 2006, p.39). Consequently, technology-intensive organizations do not depend on their current technological state to achieve future success. Rather, they depend on the brainpower of their employees to achieve success in the long term akin to the fact that current technologies are more likely to be obsolete once their life span expires. Focusing on the management of human capital by seeking ways of developing them implies that the human capital available within
Introduction Evolution in today’s technology has transformed the world systems’ enormously. At the advent of computers until now, there has been a great leap in technology and consumer’s need for technologically oriented products (Promotion: Integrated Marketing Communication 2010; Palmer and Hartley 2008; Schieffer 2005). With processes that were perceived to initially take very long time to complete, computers and related technology has ensured such processing time is drastically reduce based on their processing speed. Technical and highly abstract algorithms have now been redefined by the using computers; this has enabled tremendous advancements in technology. The advancements have been largely defined and successfully based on a number of factors. Currently the trend is that technology would be beneficial as per its application (Capon 2009; Chan and Mauborgne 2004; De Mooji 2003). To date, computer age is perhaps the fastest evolving facet of life. This has necessitated manufacturers of computer related products to find ways of producing products that are highly technical and user friendly. Synonymously, Microsoft Corporation and Apple Incorporation are the major computer technology manufacturers who have continued to strive in gaining a sizeable market share of their products. Lately, Microsoft Corporation products have gained a substantial share of the market as opposed to Apple Incorporation’s products. However, as brand preference trends continue to change, it seems that each of these companies has its own command of commercial dominance. This research was intended to study the reasons as to why Apple’s operating system, the Mac OS X is not as popular with computer users as it’s counterpart Microsoft windows operating system. The study involved a market research meant to highlight the key factors that have led to this status. One of the ways the study was done involved the use of questionnaires (Deshpande 1993). It was necessary during this process to understand reasons why Apple Mac enthusiasts acquired Mac OS X preloaded systems, yet still went ahead to buy Microsoft windows operating system and installed o their Apple Mac hardware. It was assumed that in order to understand this trend and offer conclusive market research findings then the windows and Mac OS X operating system users were interviewed and then preference data based on the features and use of each of the operating systems gathered and analyzed (Silberschatz, Gagne and Galvin 2002). Generally, in the operating system market share, Apple Mac OS X only commands a total market share of 7%. Therefore, this market researc
Business process management (BPM) refers to a way of improving the effectiveness and efficiency of business processes in order to adapt the business or organization to the volatile and ever-changing business environment of the modern business world (Jeston &Nelis, 2010). A business process refers to activity that achieves a certain goal or objective by eliminating errors and weaknesses that a business faces. On the other hand, globalization refers to the expansion of businesses into international markets thus increasing interactions among players in various markets around the world. Globalization caused a demand for BPM because of the need for improved efficiency, effectiveness, and stability of business processes. Businesses were in need of a strategy that could help them to compete effectively in international markets and remain relevant. Globalization introduced a new dimension of doing business. One of the challenges of globalization is increased competition among businesses. As a result of the high competition that emanated from globalization, there was need for businesses to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their processes and operations. This was necessary i
Question When a family with children divorces, the visitation rights and privileges of both parents are specifically spelled out. But what about the rights of the grandparents? Should the grandparents have visitation rights to see their grandchildren? Should the grandparents be allowed to take their grandchildren to visit their home? Should the custodial parent have the right to prohibit the grandparents from seeing the grandchildren? What would you recommend in the situation where the father was abusive and is not allowed to see his children, but the grandparents want to see them? Should grandparents have the right to file for visitation rights in the court system? Explain your views. Answer The involvement of grandparents in raising grandchildren depends on each case and the traditions of different countries. For example, the phenomenon of the nuclear family is widespread in Asian culture. It implies that older generations do not interfere in the lives of their mature children, just as children are not responsible for the old age of their parents (Manalel & Antonucci, 1302). However, in European, Latin American, and other cultures, this approach is at odds with the age-old traditions. The whole family lives together, and everyone participates in the education of its youngest representatives. If we start from the second option, then we can classify cases into several groups. Firstly, the situation with the father, who abuses children, through the prism of communication with the child of grandparents is quite contradictory. The upbringing of the father, as he turned out, is partly the merit of his parents; therefore, there is also a grain of hostile attitude in them. However, this is not always the case. Mental trauma leading to such behavior can be received during life, and the guilt of the parents and the guilt of the father himself, who needs treatment, is not here (Jappens & Van Bavel, 762). On the other hand, the sincere help of the father’s parents can help the mother in a difficult situation, who, in turn, may experience mental problems and try to protect children from them. Secondly, at the legislative level in many countries, this moment has not been worked out. It is impossible to prohibit their grandparents from seeing a child since the divorce system is carefully spelled out only for immediate parents. All moral issues, except for overtly
Introduction The Pledge of Allegiance is a common tradition in most public schools in the U.S. In California, all the elementary public schools are supposed to start their day with an exercise of patriotism and the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag of America is rightfully used to fulfill the state’s requirement. Over time, the pledge of allegiance which is used as a symbol of loyalty and pride to the nation has undergone some modifications. One of the amendments was the inclusion of the word ‘under God’. This amendment has become the basis of many court contestations. It led to the case of Elk Grove Unified School District v. Newdow (Supreme Court of the United States, 2004). In the case, Newdow an atheist as opposed to his daughter’s participation in the recitation of Pledge of Allegiance due to the word ‘under God.’ His claim was that the school and the state were violating First Amendment and the Establishment Clause and that the action of reciting the Pledge of Allegiance policy was religious indoctrination. Therefore, the salient points were religious indoctrination, the constitutional provision about the U.S. is not aligned with any religion which is the key to religiosity ethics, and custodial rights. The Evolvement of the Case before Reaching Supreme Court The case was first filed in March 2000 in the U.S District Court for the Eastern District of California by complainant Newdow. Newdow listed the State of California, U.S Congress, and Elk Grove Unified School as the key respondents. The complaint was that the addition of the word ‘under God’ as declared in 1954 Act violated the ‘Establishment Clause and Free Exercise Clause of the U.S Constitution (Supreme Court of the United States, 2004). The complainant added that the state’s policy and the schools were coercion and religious indoctrination of his daughter. The court referred the case to a Magistrate Judge who counseled that the pledge did not violate the constitution. The District Court did abide by the recommendation and consequently dismissed the case. Newdow took the case to Court of Appeals that led to the reversal of the district court’s rulings. Three opinions were provided by Court of Appeals. The First opinion was that as a parent Newdow had standing and could challenge the authorities that interfered with the religious education of the girl. Also, the court held that the 1954 Act and Policy on patriotism went against the Establishment Clause as enshrined in the first amendment. In relation to Newdow’s standing’s, Sandra Banning, the mother of Newdow’s daughter filed a case to dismiss the complaint. She argued that she was the legal custodian of the girl, and thus had the sole rights to present legal interests that pertained to her daughter. Also, she pointed out that she was legally responsible for the decision that related to religion and education of the daughter. This led to the second decision in which Newdow’s standing was reconsidered though he was not deprived of being a noncustodial parent. On Feb
Development of Classical Political Economy Introduction Classical economics is considered the first modern economic school of thought. Its major proponents are Karl Marx, David Ricardo, J.S. Mill, and Adam Smith. Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations marked the beginning of this school of thought. Classical economics was prominent in the mid 19 th Century before it developed into neoclassical economics. Karl Marx used the term Classical Economics to refer to the economics of Ricardo, Mill, and their predecessors. Classical economists propagated their ideas at a time when the ideological system was shifting from feudalism to capitalism. During this time, society was fast-changing as a result of the industrial revolution that swept through Europe. It became necessary for each individual to make his/her monetary gain (Smith, p. 246). This led to the emerg
Introduction One of the most impressive features of modern society is the possibility to have different interests and follow them regardless of the already established norms and standards. Sometimes, people are not ready to comprehend each other and develop numerous discussions about the necessity or the absurdity of the decisions made. Sometimes, people are able to find support in order to try something new. The practice of slumming is one of the recent passions of modern society. Though the phenomenon of slum tourism seems to be a relatively new concept, the evaluation of the past can prove the fact that the intentions to gaze at the poverty of the Others have a long history (Steinbrink 213). One of the best examples of the slum practice is the rediscovery of Pompeii and the opportunity to visit it during the Romantic period. Dark tourism that is another name for urban poverty tourism may gain different forms and lead to a variety of outcomes, including the rising of ethical questions (Hanrahan) and the necessity to change the representation of the slum areas and its inhabitants (“Slum Tourism”). The identification of social upheavals in different periods is the possibility to understand why people want to visit other countries and observe poverty as the main sight. Dark tourism helps to cover social needs and interests, as well as makes people pay attention to economic issues, political concerns, and population challenges. In addition to the discussions of slum tourism in online journals and newspapers, much attention to this concept is paid in scholarly books and classic literature. The genesis of urban poverty tourism cannot be ignored today because its understanding helps to reveal the main characteristics and changes of the phenomenon. People want to observe something new and consider cultural and social modes. Moral aspects also matter in dark tourism because they prove the importance of this concept in a modern world and the possibility to distinguish between what is allowed and what is expected. The practice of slumming discovers a new world where not many people are aware of the challenges and requirements, and, therefore, they find such worlds interesting and opportunities worth using. In this paper, the phenomenon of slum tourism will be discussed in terms of two great literary works, Child of the Jago written by Arthur Morrison in 1896 and The People of the Abyss created by Jack London in 1903. Both novels discover the slum areas of the 19 th -century London and its East End part, in particular. Morrison’s vision of slum life in London is a unique discussion of why there are so many grimy streets, called the Jago, and horrible fascination of the real people c
Introduction The main objective of the cloud computing model is to enable a conducive environment for individuals or corporate to access a comprehensive computing resources. This technology is used to access internet based services by users who do not have necessarily had the technical knowledge on internet resource management. The various models of the cloud service are designed to suit different clientele base depending on the nature and complexity of the models. R-language Software One of the software developed by the cloud computing service is the R-language. This software is the first of its kind in offering a competitive research environment. The R-language software allows an individual to start virtual machines without necessarily having the technical knowledge of the operations and also use the machines to operate under the best computing environment. All this is achieved through a simple browser a process that could not have been achieved a few years earlier. Who is your customer? Develop a profile of your average customer? The R-language services are of great help of individuals whose work is in the IT segment specifically in the education field. This is because the software is a developed model to reduce the problems associated with web servers and connectivity. The primary customers of the software services are research centers and individual researchers. Most of the work in research centers is based on extensive research from both the internet and scholarly sources. The software is a tool for easy connectivity and bridges the gap between the internet cloud and the research tools. This enables a research environment that is both convenient and improved in terms of usability and collaborative capabilities. Other major consumers of cloud computing services are education centers. This is because students mostly in developing countries do not have access to super computers in their institutions. This means that students incur a lot of cost in the course of completing research based projects. The R-language software is cost effective in that students do not have to purchase computer hardware, rent data connectivity centers or purchase main servers or super computers in order to access services in the internet cloud. There is increased performance and efficiency in data application and other internet services as a result of cloud servers. This is because cloud servers offer low risk services hence the users are in control of the hosting services. Define how your customers learn about your product or services? The customers can get access information about the R-language software services through conferences and seminars. Due to the fact that most of the users of the software are in the IT segment, interactive conference and sem