ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
In The Monkey & the Monk: an Abridgment of the Journey to the West , the Monkey is one of the main protagonists of the book, as is apparent from its title. He is portrayed as a multifaceted, almost controversial figure. It seems to consist of incompatible qualities and traits of character, not easily found in one person. From his mysterious origins at the beginning of the plot to becoming Victorious Fighting Buddha at the end, the Monkey fascinates readers with his lively and rebellious nature. He is always ready for a fight, has a zeal for longevity as well as devotion and physical strength. In the book preface, Yu explains that the narration is based on historical events that influenced the Buddhist culture in China for many centuries to come (x-xi). It is worth analyzing the plot to better understand what the figure of the Monkey represents in the book and how it reflects Buddhist teachings. Everything that is connected to the Monkey is magical and divine – from his birth to his adventures to earthly transformations to his weapon, hair, and supernatural powers. It is not for nothing that the first seven chapters of the book are devoted to his life story (Yu 1-111). The Monkey comes from an immortal stone, the essences of Heaven and Earth. Upon his birth, he immediately attracts the Jade Emperor’s attention. With that, the Monkey’s epic journey through time, distance, and self-cultivation begins. It is manifested in transformations of his body to almost any object he wishes, possibly hinting at his overall ability to adjust and reform, which is essential for the plot but in a spiritual sense. As the tale of the Monkey unfolds, readers see how his mind transforms. His name changes throughout the narration symbolize the protagonist’s evolution from the stone monkey to “Handsome Monkey King to Great Sage to Pilgrim” (Wang and Humblé 506). One of his other names is Sun Wukong, given by his first teacher, Subodhi. In it, the word “Wukong” means “awakened to emptiness”, and awakening is the underlying concept of Buddhism. Thus the name suggests the Monkey’s role in the narration. In his first identity of a monstrous beast, the Monkey is depicted as wreaking havoc and causing uproar in Hell and the heavenly kingdom, constantly battling warriors and messengers of Jade Emperor. The Great Sage craves the most prestigious positions among the equals, and at the court of the Celestial Palace. He clings to his desires to rank higher in the hierarchy of immortals. Due to his vanity, the Monkey is incensed that in Heaven, he is ordered to tend to horses, rebels against guarding the Peach Garden, and is angry at not being inv
Introduction In recent years, the roles undertaken by regulatory and accreditation bodies in the United States have expanded in scope as nursing values and standards continue to shift. Research is consistent that these bodies avail the framework to enhance and secure documented nursing values in educational and practice settings (Benton, Gonzalez-Jurado, & Beneit-Montesinos, 2013). Additionally, these agencies use legitimate, appropriate and sustained means to assist in developing the identity of the nursing career through scrutinizing the behavior and actions of individual practitioners. The purpose and scope of these bodies are not limited to individual nurses. Rather, they are known to influence curriculum development and policy directions in institutions of higher learning (Scheckel, 2009). Drawing from this elucidation, the present paper investigates the purpose and role of the National Council of State Boards of Nursing and the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education in institutions of higher education. Regulatory Body The agency under investigation in this section is the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN). This entity “provides education, service, and research through collaborative leadership to promote evidence-based regulatory excellence for patient safety and public protection” ( About NCSBN , 2015, para. 2). The agency’s main purpose is to provide a framework through which boards of nursing (BON) in the United States operate and counsel collectively to avail regulatory distinction for public health, safety, and wellbeing. In a higher education setting, the body’s main objective is to ensure that faculty members have the prerequisite educational qualifications. For example, NCSBN has already recommended that nursing faculty in RN programs should have a master’s or PhD education in nursing in addition to other key competencies. Some of the required proficiencies for nursing faculty in RN programs include graduate training in the science of nursing (e.g., clinical practice) as well as graduate education in teaching and learning (e.g., curriculum design and execution). Nursing faculty in PN programs are also required by the regulatory body to have these qualifications ( Nursing Faculty Qualifications , 2008). In the context of institutions of higher learning, NCSBN is tasked with the development of NCLEX-RN and NCLEX-PN examinations. The entity’s official website acknowledges that “NCSBN is dedicated to deve
Introduction Art education is a significant factor in student development, improvement, and growth. Guns (2015) suggests considering art as a tool that can co-exist with human nature, supports its creativity, and cooperates with other disciplines in a way that promotes self-development. In the given paper, the chosen Key Learning Area (KLA), visual arts, will be discussed in the context of culturally responsive pedagogy. Lewthwaite et al. (2015) state that by integrating cultural elements into the curriculum and considering the interests of indigenous students, educators may significantly improve teaching and learning outcomes. The paper will include a critical analysis of their study. Then, the review findings will be used to design a culturally responsive classroom activity. Critical Analysis Reading In this part of their article, Lewthwaite et al. (2015) discuss the inequity in school outcomes in the Australian education system. The researchers claim that there is a significant achievement gap between indigenous and non-indigenous Australian students, and the major factor contributing to it is teachers’ cultural unresponsiveness. Consideration of students’ b
Learning involves several basic functions including storing, encoding, retrieving, and observing tiny pieces of information that enable us to learn basic functions like riding a bike or tying a shoe. With persistent practice and memorization of these elements, learning occurs and people master skills (Baddeley, 1997, p. 108). Memorization involves an integral function of the brain which is the storage of information. It often occurs over a long period. From the memorization of information, learning takes place. This study seeks to explore this unique relationship by analyzing the process of memorization as the constituents of learning. Encoding Encoding involves the dissemination of data into segmented pieces that can be stored in human memory. Storage on the other hand involves the retention of information in the brain’s memory. Extraction of information from the brain’s memory after storage then entails retrieval of information. Nonetheless, encoding information is one integral process of memorization into learning. It is essentially the beginning of learning. There are however three stages to encoding information. The first stage is structural, which involves visual messages but the second stage (phonemic level) stores information in an acoustic form. The last process is the semantic level which encodes information the way it is understood. This is the process through which information is stored in the human mind before learning begins. Storage Human storage of information is a basic function of learning. There are however levels to which memory is stored. This includes memory storage in sensory, short-term, and long-term memory. In the first stage (sensory memory storage), memory is stored for a short period in the absence of a physical stimulus. This level of memory storage is not significant in the process of learning because memory is stored for a very short period. However, short-term memory, which is the second level of memory storage, is useful in learning because information stays here for a few seconds or even longer. Information can then be translated into long-term memory storage which is the most essential when storing information. In this respect, memory is stored for long periods. Memory is believed to vary from one individual to another. In addition, the ability to maintain information in the memory depends on the lifestyle of an individual as well as the frequency of occurrence of the information to be remembered. The skills we have learned throughout life for example are stored in the long-term memory (Abadzi, 2006, pp. 29-34). Retrieval The third level of learning involving memorization incorporates retrieval of information. Humans engage this function because they either want to recall or recognize a specific piece of information for a specific need. When recalling stored information, ideas are stated and remembered, based on the ability to memorize information. However, in recognition, we can sort out information from a group of elements and identify what we need. Conclusion Memorization
Introduction Social protection of vulnerable populations is essential to reduce inequality and poverty, promote economic growth and labor productivity, and ensure community stability. In particular, health education programs aim to empower citizens and improve their physical health and mental well-being by increasing knowledge and influencing attitudes towards care. Homelessness is one of the factors aggravating people’s security which indicates the need to address this problem. According to Stanhope and Lancaster (2016), “poor health is both a cause and an outcome of homelessness” (p. 741). Hence, the purpose of this research is to explore the background of the homelessness issue in Los Angeles County, California, and provide a specific health education program for the identified vulnerable population. Main Points to be Covered To achieve the goal of this research, the following points will be covered in this presentation. To begin with, the vulnerable population, namely homeless people in Los Angeles County, will be discussed with regard to current demographics, history, and cultural background. The background of the problem will be studied, and specific concerns and risk factors will be established, as well as methods of prevention and control. In addition, the role of the public health nurse and the core functions of public health will be examined. Finally, three local agencies and facilities delivering services to homeless people in LA will be identified, along with additional resources needed in the community. Vulnerable Population The vulnerable population chosen for this research is homeless people in Los Angeles County. As defined by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) SOAR TA Center (n.d.), those experiencing homelessness are “an individual or family who lacks a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence” (para. 4). For instance, it includes people living in emergency shelters, welfare hotels, transitional housing, and places not
The movies I viewed for this paper are both really impressive, with very interesting stories. The main conflicts in both works are the same – the relationships between women and their daughters, career and love matters, and, of course, the most important issue brought up in the films – the racial self-definition. The film ended up making a significant impact on the African American community of the United States of America (Bogle). The movies suggest that there is a racial problem in America, the character expressing all the tension in that sphere is the black lady’s daughter. The girl does not look black and since her childhood becomes neurotic and aggressive, trying to pass for a white girl, she is full of hatred to her lifestyle of a black person, the treatment towards her and, as a source of all these problems, the girl hates her mother, the living indicator of her owning the “black blood”. The girl grows up ashamed of her own roots, yet the mother’s love and loyalty never change, even though the daughter refuses to admit they
“A Good Man is Hard to Find” is a story written by Flannery O’Connor, which covers various complicated moral issues and dilemmas. The feat of the book describes a holiday, which was interrupted by unexpected events. On their way to Florida, a family from Atlanta witnesses a murder committed by the criminal named “The Misfit” by the media. The offender executes the whole family and steals their car, clothes, and cat. O’Connor narrates the story from the Grandmother’s point of view. The story hubs upon two themes, which are individualism and selfishness. These issues were raised because of Grandmother’s persistence in attaining her motives, resulting in a complete family’s demise. O’Connor describes the main character, Grandmother, by role, while names indicate the other characters. Regardless of having no appellation, the Grandmother’s character discloses itself early, as she is preoccupied with occurrences, troubled with decency. O’Connor uses visual elements to provide readers with additional characteristics of characters and their life paths. He describes the Grandma dressing to confirm the misfortune she went through (O’Connor 4). In addition, it is possible to notice that O’Connor connects smaller details and actions to global ones. Grandmother deliberately fails to inform her son Bailey about the cat, which she smuggles into the car in her basket, despite forbidden to leave the motel room with the cat (O’Connor 34). Later, the entire family’s death was caused because of th
Abstract Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a growing corporate practice in most countries. Multinational corporations (MNCs) are championing its adoption. This paper shows that many companies can benefit from CSR by realising multiple bottom-line successes and an improved quality of human capital. Companies that embrace CSR enjoy these benefits within the confines of four theories – corporate citizenship, stakeholder interest theory, moral minimum theory, and the profit maximisation theory. Evidences from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) show that the multifaceted nature of the corporate citizenship theory makes it the most appropriate theory for guiding CSR practices today. Introduction CSR is a corporate self-regulation mechanism that ensures businesses abide by the law, uphold ethical values, and subscribe to international standards of operations. Schwartz (2011) says CSR emerged from the idea that “a corporation not only has economic and legal obligations, but also immense responsibilities to the society” (p. 18). Through this statement, Schwartz (2011) believes CSR articulates the effort by decision-makers to make corporate decisions that not only benefit their organisations, but the society as well. An assessment of this background shows that CSR is a continued commitment by businesses to be ethical when undertaking their economic activities. The gist of this argument therefore premises on the continued improvement of the quality of life for employees and the society, in general. This paper investigates the theories underlying CSR practices and the arguments that support and undermine the practice. To have a practical understanding of CSR, this paper also analyses the adoption of CSR practices in five UAE firms. Overall, this paper shows that most UAE companies subscribe to the corporate citizenship theory. CSR Theories Stakeholder Interest Theory The stakeholder interest theory advocates for the prioritization of stakeholder interests before any other interest in an organisation. McAleer (2003) believes this view is a straightforward approach for directing corporate affairs. Within this framework of analysis, any investment made by a company ensures it maximises stakeholder value. This theory also suggests the elimination of social costs if they have a huge impact on a company. As outlined by Garriga & Mele (2004), the concept of maximising stakeholder value aims to distinguish social objectives from economic objectives. Illustratively, Garriga & Mele (2004) say if a company invests in the welfare of a community; it should enjoy improved human capital because CSR attracts quality employees. This way, the company would also reduce its wage bill and minimise the possibility of employee fraud, or a high human capital turnover. This position advocates for a differentiation of social objectives from economic objectives. This position also underscores the importance of using shareholder value maximisation as the main framework for guiding all corporate affairs. The agency theory surfaces as the most applicable
System Objectives and Goal Human resource management implies to combine decisions concerning people with decisions on the objectives and goals that the organization aims to achieve. The most successful organizations are those that are able to integrate human resource management (HRM) into the organization’s planning strategies by laying emphasis on human resource processes that augment mission goals and create an effective bond between human resource and management. Apart from playing a key role in the achievement of the organization’s goal and objectives, the HRM alignment also contributes to accountability in the organization. Although the human resource management accountability starts with elementary legal compliance (see appendix 1), it eventually includes all levels of the pyramid, as well as an illustration of how HRM sustains the success of the agency’s goals (US Office of Personnel Management 1). Once the HRM alignment is established, it is vital to ascertain where the organization’s current position vis-à-vis its HRM alignment with strategic goal and objectives. In order to determine its position, an organization must explore several objectives: first, evaluate the effectiveness of the relationship between HR and the organization’s goal achievement; second, assess the function of human resource team vis-à-vis the organization’s strategic plan; third, find out how the HR staff relate with line supervisors to accomplish organization’s strategic goals; fourth, establish effective strategies that will align human resource management with the organization’s strategic goals (US Office of Personnel Management 3). The next section will discuss the HRM strategic processes with reference to strategic plan, strategic implementation and the strategic bond in an organization. To a number of firms, a strategic plan is vital to their business. It enables firms to find out their current status, create goals and plan how to achieve them. Strategic plans differ from one firm to another. On one hand, some firms have adopted an all-inclusive processes that involve senior managers, line managers and HR staff in the planning processes. On the other hand, a number of firms have developed a plan that is only carried out by senior managers with a minimal role from the line managers and HR staff (see appendix 2). Each office tenders in its individual goal and objectives without liaising with other offices (US Office of Personnel Management 6). The way HR staff is managed play a vital role in ascertaining how a firm will carry out its goals. Without the staff, work cannot be done. Thus, the input of HR staff in the strategic plan of the firm must be the considered if the firm intends to achieve its goals. Therefore, by including the HR in the strategic plan, the firm is able to know vital aspects of the human resour
Self-esteem has been defined differentially in the literature, but the central component in all the definitions is that it refers to an individual’s general sense of self-worth or value in oneself. The concept of self-efficacy, on the other hand, has been defined as an individual’s belief in his or her capacity to succeed in specific situations, or an individual’s conviction that he or she can successfully execute the behavior required to generate desired outcomes (Judge, 2009). In explaining the dynamics of how self-esteem affects self-efficacy, it is important to note that low sense of self-worth will incapacitate the ability of an employee to succeed in specific situations due to lack of a motivating force. It can be argued that the general sense of self-worth acts as the fulcrum upon which the employee can mold specific behaviors and motivations that can encourage or discourage the achievement of self-efficacy (Judge, 2009). In job-related contexts, mentoring and rewarding employees can help in enhancing their sense of self-worth, which in turn increases belief in their capacity to succeed by maintaining high performance and productivity levels (Baack, 2012). A major dynamic in the self-esteem concept relates to employee growth need strength, which implies that employees with a high sense of self-worth will demonstrate high growth need strength within the organization. This relates to the concept of self-efficacy in terms of employees demonstrating the capacity to succeed through a high level of internal motivation, craving to avail high-quality work, as well as satisfaction with the job (Baack, 2012; Judge, 2009). As an example, organizational change is one of the internal forces that impact my self-efficacy as an administrative supervisor, especially in terms of exhibiting a negative perception that I may be unable to perform well in change contexts. Communication and Team Building Because norms are the rules governing behaviors in a team, it is of critical importance to identify them as they enhance team cohesiveness through ensuring that members share a common set of expectations about behaviors and contribution to the team (Baack, 2012). As postulated by this author, norms not only summarize group influence processes including the rule for recruitment and maintenance of membership but also avail important organizational functions when they clarify the team’s key values and convey a sense of identity. The importance of clear and open communication during the initial team development phases cannot be understated, especially upon recognition of the fact that recognizing and defining good communication is often considered as the first step in developing a team. Clear communication is essential during team development as it pr