ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The Indian market offers various opportunities and challenges to European firms that seek to penetrate it. These challenges or opportunities present themselves differently to companies depending on whether they want to engage in foreign direct investment, or they are going to the offshore destination through India as their business model. India is classified as an emerging economy and has an estimated GDP of 4.761 trillion dollars. It also had FDI inflows of 27.3 billion US dollars in 2012. Its major export partners are UAE, US, China, and Singapore respectively. Its major import partners are China, UAE, Saudi Arabia, US, and Switzerland respectively. As the second most populous country in the world, India has a lot to offer businesses from Europe seeking to expand their markets. The opportunities that India presents to European companies The Indian economy was liberalized in the 1990s, and it has continued to open up to foreign company participation. Companies seeking to make foreign direct investments in India are encouraged by a favorable regime of capital investments and trading rules. They can calculate the returns on their investments with certainty based on the fundamental business practices that are allowed in the liberalized environment. The most attractive sectors for the Indian economy are agriculture, retail, and infrastructure because they are least developed in comparison to similar sectors in advanced economies. These sectors also offer the highest potential in returns on capital invested. Besides, the sectors that support these primary investment areas are also worth considering. Notably, the logistics sector is a worthy candidate for consideration by firms from Europe. The sectors continue to grow, and they have attracted companies from all over the world. Thus, their growth offers additional opportunities for European firms that would otherwise not survive in a non-supporting environment given that they would be looking for intermediaries in their line of business. The continued participation of foreign companies in these sectors has also led to the development of the overall Indian economy. It is no longer just a recipient of FDI, but it has also become a significant player in the world economy. The country’s companies are expanding as international companies in other parts of the world. The government of India is also making headways at signing bilateral trade agreements with other countries so that Indian firms can have access to foreign markets at preferential rates. The opportunities aligned to the growth of India come in the form of mergers and acquisition of Indian companies as well as the formation of licensing and trading partnerships with them so that they serve as conduits for introducing and selling European products and technologies to the Indian market and its constituent regions. The location of India makes it an ideal center for offshore business strategies. It can serve the South Asian countries, Australia, Africa, Middle East and the Far East. In fact, during the days when In
Propaganda refers to the form of communication that is meant to influence the feelings and attitudes of individual to believe or support a certain viewpoint. The aim of the propagandist is to ensure that an individual backs his or her position by simply presenting one side of the story. Studies show that propaganda statements might be either true or false. Since the major objective is to change the minds of many people as possible, propaganda statements are often repeated and are distributed through a number of media in order to reach many individuals (Cunningham 78). In some instances, propaganda information present facts selectively in order to support a particular synthesis and in other cases, it makes use of loaded messages to incite people’s emotions instead of encouraging individuals to judge information rationally. Propaganda is used to influence people’s political, spiritual, and business-related views. Throughout the US history, it has been used effectively to support particular positions. During slavery, advocates of slavery system used it to justify their position while Douglass employed it to influence people’s minds against slavery. This paper looks at various aspects of propaganda, including its techniques, as well the way pro-slavery advocates and opponents, including Douglass, employed it. Classification of Propaganda In the modern society, propaganda is a term that no one would want to be associated with because of its wrong usage in Germany. In reality, propaganda is a neutral term that can be utilized in educating people to change their views towards a better future. In fact, propaganda messages could be employed effectively to encourage individuals to participate in community programs, engage in health improving practices, take part in important events, such as census and elections, and encourage citizens to support the law enforcing agencies as far as reporting of crimes is concerned. During slavery in the United States, advocates, such as James Henry Hammond, John Calhoun, and William Joseph Harper, utilized propaganda to justify the existence of the two classes in society since they argued that it would spur economic development. Hammond drafted a speech, commonly referred to as Mudsill Speech of 1858, which was purely a propaganda statement encouraging individuals to be contented with the existing production system. To pro-slavery advocates, the change of the production system would destabilize society, as it would cause conflicts between the upper and the lower classes. This would be a great threat to democracy, the economy, the government, and the society in general. The campaigners of slavery further observed that the lower class had always existed in history, as it served a major purpose of cushioning the ruling class. Hammond used the term mudsill in his speech to claim that the lower class was a foundation of society, as it engaged in nation building through provision of labor (Tindall and Shi 56). In his view, this would encourage the whites to mov
The cinema of Korea is a fascinating medium to understand the Hermit nation’s unique culture that developed in isolation over hundreds of years. Watching Korean cinema is an excellent learning exercise to appreciate the nuances of the country’s austere culture which in my observation, feels strangely familiar to Western sensibilities but at the same time, has a mystical allure rarely seen in these parts. To further illustrate my observations about the visual appeal of Korean cinema, I will review two sample movies, “Seopyonjae” and “Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter and Spring”. In doing so, I will explore a couple of themes common to both which I believe, represent the heart and soul of Korean visual aesthetics: melodrama and nostalgia. Taking the example of Seopyonjae, to say that it is a tear-jerker would be an understatement; the film literally haunts you with its melancholic appeal as it explores the lives of two singers who have been brought up in the Korean tradition of Pansori, a traditional musical art form. The film is staged in the period following World War II where a man named Dong-Ho and a woman named Song-Hwa grow up with a Pansori teacher Yu-Bong who forces them to undergo deep pain and suffering in order to learn the art in its true essence. Yu-Bong believes that a true Pansori singer must experience grief and sorrow in order to perfect their talent. Another facet of this film is about a decline of interest in traditional Korean values among people of South Korea, partially due to the brisk pace of Westernization that followed World War II. Clearly, for the latter half, the film harps back on nostalgic themes with the characters yearning to connect with their roots. Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter and Spring is an allegorical tale that represents the core of Buddhist metaphysics: the values represented by the wheel of life, the cycle of life and death, the continuous slipping away of time. As the titular theme suggests, each season represents a phase in the life of a Buddhist monk – ranging between childhood, teen age, adulthood, middle years and old age. The film depicts a beautiful, sentimental journey that begins with the lead character’s playful, childish innocence (Spring) where he is castigated by his Master for tormenting a snake, a frog and a fish. In his teenage years (Summer), he gives in to lust and against his Master’s wishes, decides to abandon his monastic existence to seek real pleasures of life. As he turns to his thirtees (Fall), he murders his wife which drives
Abstract Gilgamesh, the King of Uruk, was a tyrant and a leader who greatly oppressed his charges. He considered himself to be God which led to the fact that he perceived himself much superior to others. Enkidu, another man who is also depicted in the Epic of Gilgamesh as having a power in terms of how he treated his companions, meets King Gilgamesh in some of the scenes in the epic ensuing their unrivalled friendship later. The theme of love can be traced in the behavior of these two friends as well. As a sign of platonic love for his new-found friend, Gilgamesh offers Enkidu a portion of his treasures and shares his power with him. These two themes become very evident and obvious when Enkidu dies. On realizing that he can never have again his great friend by his side, the king cries in grief and embarks on a journey to achieve his immortality. The ancient Mesopotamian societies depicted love and power in many areas. Most recorded stories have shown that people in power proclaimed themselves as deities in an attempt to show superiority to others. Another notable attribute of the male rulers is their oppression of women. Women were usually given the role of doing house chores and making sure that their husbands are attended to. This form of male chauvinism shows similar traits among the rulers of the present day society and those in the Mesopotamian society. Introduction The Epic of Gilgamesh is perhaps one of the oldest epic poems that were ever recorded. It tells the story of Gilgamesh, the King of Uruk, who ruled the empire between 2750 and 2500 BCE. The epic portrays how Gilgamesh, an arrogant and oppressive leader, met and made friends with a savage called Enkidu who had in turn a tremendous impact on his life. This paper seeks to discuss how the themes of love and power permeate the poem. It also makes parallels between the Mesopotamian society and the modern one in terms of both themes under discussion. The theme of Love Love is seen as a major theme in the Epic of Gilgamesh. This theme motivates changes within the characters. An example of such a change is evident in Enkidu who was believed to be an introvert formed from clay and siliva by Aruru. At first, Enkidu is portrayed as a very wild man who was brought up by animals. He knows very little about other human beings and their way of life. Later on in the poem, he interacts with human beings and starts to get used to the new environment. There occurs a turning point in Enkudu’s life. He drew closer to civilization by interacting with human beings and this climaxed in wrestling match with Gilgamesh. This friendship with Gilgamesh makes Enkidu shun his wild character and embrace a nobler demeanor (Damrosch & Pike, 2009).
The article under analysis called “How to Mark a Book ” reproduces interesting and helpful instructions about how should read the book. While reading the article, I was specifically attracted by a great number of ideas that have been metaphorically represented. The author has provided a fascinating account of reading a book, reasons for marking a book, as well as different approaches to how a book can be read. Being an international student, the techniques represented in the article has provided me be with a new conception of how a book should be read to receive the maximum information. While reading the article, I have come across a variety of interesting comparisons and metaphors that emphasize the usefulness and importance of making notes at the margins of the book. In particular, my attention was focused on the comparisons of bookmarking with eating a beefsteak. Thus, the author writes, “…you do not own the beefsteak in the most important sense until you consume it and get it into your bloodstream” (Adler n. p.). Just like consuming food, the book should also “get it…into your bloodstream” in case you need to receive the maximum benefit from the chosen book. Such a metaphor provides me with a greater understanding of why mere reading is not enough for absorbing all the necessary information from the book. Although some of the allegorical comparisons seem to be too sophisticated for understanding, the article still provides simple examples in contrast. For instance, the author introduces persuasive and logical evidence for marking the books. Though they are quite simple and transparent, they cannot be withdrawn. Indeed, reading accompanied by marking is efficient because it activates your mind and uncovers the most striking parts of the book. Not all books should be marked, and the author agrees with it. A reader can skip note-making unless your purpose is to relax and enjoy the book. However, if you need to extract a specific idea or argument, the reading should be slow and “between the lines.” So, before you start reading, you should define first whether this book is important for you in terms of conceptual content. Aside from bookmarking, the author pays attention to the importance of physical writing. Certainly, I know that writing helps arrange ideas more consistently and logically. However, the author introduces another unconventional function of writing, stating, “the physical act of writing, with your hand, brings words and sentences more sharply before your mind and preserves them better in your memory.” Indeed, physi
The film “Four Little Girls” by Spike Lee gives those people who were most intimately connected with the four little girls who were killed by a dynamite explosion in a Baptist church in 1963 a chance to share their perspectives on the events that led up to the loss. Most of these people were the little girls’ family members, such as their parents and siblings, but school friends were also interviewed. Even after all this time, many of the people who were interviewed still had a difficult time controlling their emotions from time to time in trying to convey to the audience a sense of who these little girls were. The film isn’t exactly a history lesson, but it isn’t exactly not one either as it attempts to reveal the personalities of the girls leading up to the morning of the bombing and then rides the ripples of pain that continue to be felt in the community over their loss as it reveals what happened in the days after the bombing. It ends by exploring the ways in which their deaths impacted the Civil Rights Movement and opened the eyes of the white people in the North and the South. It is hard to look back in history deeply enough to really understand just how much racial prejudice can enable you to blind yourself to the realities occurring all around you. It was so surprising to me to hear Bull Connor talk about how he considered himself to be a friend to the black people. The blatant discrimination of segregation was actually how Bull thought things should have been and that things really were equal between the races, or as equal as they could be. There was the section where he talked about how he provided books once for the black children to keep them going to school. He didn’t talk about addressing the issues that made black families so poor that they couldn’t afford schoolbooks and he kept calling out to a black man that he had travel with him to point out how this man was his best friend. The problem I had with this is that the black man did not seem like he was a best friend. He seemed more like a trophy. He would come in view of the camera when he was called, stand just behind Bull Connor and then drift out of the scene as quickly as Bull forgot about him, which was pretty quick. The extreme racism of the South isn’t just expressed through the words of the people in the film, but are also seen in the pictures and film footage of the time. Discrimination is made present in the images that are shown of the Whites and Colored water fountains and restroom signs that are shown while the effects of this type of racism are discussed by Denise’s dad when he talks about his daughter’s reaction when she finally had to be told about the way life really was in the South. My own prejudice made me surprised at how nice the houses looked in the video. I had expected something like the slave shacks that are drawn into old picture books, but the houses that were shown in the film seemed decent eno
The article reviewed in this paper, titled Propaganda: How Not to Be Bamboozled , written by Donna Woolfolk Cross, talks about basic propaganda techniques. The article itself relies heavily on the use of Logos, with increments of Pathos and Ethos to support its claim and deliver desired messages. Pathos is utilized to showcase the effectiveness of certain propaganda techniques. Pejoratives like “two-faced liar” or words associated with virtue and goodness, like “The American Way,” are used as examples to demonstrate how words may shape the emotional connotation of what we are reading (Cross). Ethos is practically nonexistent, as there is no direct reference to authority. The majority of the article is dedicated to Logos, however, presenting logical arguments and examples. The author stipulates that Propaganda in itself is neither good nor bad, as it can promote different ideals (Cross). She offers examples of real-life rhetoric to demonstrate and allow the audience to perceive how they are being manipulated by various fallacies and demagoguery. Perhaps the most fascinating part of the article was that, despite the subject being propaganda, it also attempts to sway the reader subtly, by implementing an association fallacy. The majority of examples (excluding one with a quote from Lenin) were right-wing talking points: “The American Way,” “Constitutional rights,” “American Birthright,” “Now I’m a businessman like yourselves,” “‘Community’ and ‘Communism’ look an awful lot alike!” and others (Cross). When examples of negativity can be largely attributed only to one side, the folly occurs as follows: Subject A is generally considered negative. Group B is presented to implement subject A regularly. Group B is, therefore, painted in a negative light. While all of the examples offered were, indeed, propaganda, the lack of representation for the opposing side utilizing the same techniques makes this a politically charged article, and, ironically, a tool for propaganda. Work Cited Cross, Woodfolk Donna. “Propaganda: How Not to Be Bamboozled.” Web.
Introduction In the contemporary world, technology has become an integral part of organizations; however, it has affected the society and the environment mainly due to the changes that come about with it, which people have to adapt. Generally, it plays an important role in the field of business, since it provides tools such as internet that in this era, all companies have adopted. Simply, there are several types of technologies used in business including internet, laptops and computers, and software. Technology supports the general business functions in a number of ways. First, the use of internet has eased communicating through face book, as well aiding inter-business communication through video conferencing, e –mails and even chat rooms. In some companies, managers require employees to be in possession of devices like laptops and smart phones, which are easily portable, in order to stay connected remotely. Moreover, companies require their employees to use company cars fitted with GPRS locators, thus ensuring safety of their cars. Finally, every business needs software to operate online, and in this case, they may opt for Voice over Internet Protocol (Voip) instead of analog signal, especially when conducting online conferencing and voice calls. Nevertheless, each business should consider its goals before choosing the technology to use, since not all technologies work for any business. This paper will discuss the organizational technology plan for DirecTV, a direct broadcast satellite service based in El Segundo, California, which transmits digital satellite television and audio to households in the United States. Challenges presented to management due to managing existing technology Given that the emergence of technology brings about organizational change, managers are always faced with various challenges. One of the limitations that DirecTV will face is the high or overdependence on technology among people to solve problems, thus making them tend not to think on their own. In addition, installation of computers in an organization requires staff training on how to use such computers, thus DirecTV will have to incur high operational costs. Moreover, Gwartney et al (2008, p. 178) argues that technology leads to reorganization, such that, some employees who are familiar with a certain technology may be promoted, while those who are not may require special training or are demoted altogether. In modern labour market, employment patterns indicate that computer literate persons are more likely to be employed than their unskilled counterparts are. According to Gronlund (2002, p. 312), change process is affected by the interdependence of three dimensions including: technology, organizational context, and change model. Normally, as technology changes, DirecTV will also change its products and processes, while employees’ skills and behavior will have to be subjected to an effective change model to make them adaptive to such changes. In addition, e–recruiting has become common wit
Introduction Integrity indicates the state of being honest, morally upright, and pure in one’s actions. The concept of integrity makes one earn the respect of the society, while the opposite draws insolence and ridicule from the members of the community. Integrity is important in all aspects of human life. It is especially important in the field of journalism. Devoid of integrity, it becomes hard for a journalist to carry out their responsibilities as enshrined in the laws of the land. The professionals find it hard to monitor the government and ensure that it remains accountable to the public. Television and radio news are some of the most trustworthy and reliable sources of information in many countries around the world. Members of the public use information from the television and radio stations in making decisions that are significant to their life. In 1967, the Public Broadcasting law was amended with the major aim of protecting public broadcasting institutions from excessive control and interference in public matters in the U.S.A. With time, other countries borrowed the broadcasting amendment from the US and incorporated it in their constitutions. The amendments significantly addressed integrity in media. Integrity in news reporting is demonstrated by such activities as the production of high-quality and reliable programs, social responsibility, and giving the audience the opportunity to contribute and share views about the content relayed by the various media houses. Editorial integrity is very important in news reporting. It is formed via such activities as public debates and discussions. It is also formed by engaging media experts and staff from schools of journalism. Experts in such fields as community work and philanthropy are also consulted. The core mission and objective of a public broadcasting organization should include, among others, supporting civil society groups, providing public education, and creating awareness in society through electronic media. The current paper revolves around integrity, ethics, and media law. To this end, the author discusses the various concepts applied in media to promote integrity and trust in media houses. Integrity and Media Coverage Total Coverage Media houses earn public trust as a result of carrying out their work excellently, enhancing community inclusion, and upholding professional standards and practices. Coverage of complex and controversial matters should be carried out in a pro