ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The traditional vision of marriage in the USA is based on admitting the union of a man and a woman who love each other. Love and affection are discussed as the basic reasons for marriage. As a result, the purposes or functions of marriage are reproduction, protection, affection, and provision of social status. Same-sex marriages cannot guarantee reproduction and protection because of a lot of controversies associated with the issue and the public’s attitude to the problem. Discussing the idea of same sex marriage, Diane Savino focuses on the quality of people’s relations in marriage. Savino states that the fact of marriage cannot guarantee love, affection, respect, and positive relations, and the level of divorces is too high to speak about the role of marriage as a social protector. This statement is correlated with the acknowledged idea that the public’s acceptance of divorce becomes higher. Thus, the idea of marriage is not connected with the idea of the quality of people’s relations. According to Savino, those people who have the ‘privilege of marriage’ cannot teach society to preserve the values proclaimed by the social and religious institutions because of violating them regularly. On the contrary, the decision of same-sex couples is considered and based on love and commitment to each other. The traditional vision of marriage is still actively supported in society in spite of changes in attitudes to the role of marriage. Following Savino’s ideas, it is possible to state that same-sex marriages are fairer in comparison with traditional marriages, but this vision is too provocative to be supported in society.
My Papa’s Waltz , by Theodore Roethke and Those Winter Sundays , by Robert Hayden, a personal response: These two poems honor fathers, in very different ways, although their life circumstances may have been equally constrained by economics, opportunities, personality, education, and perhaps even ethnicity. In My Papa’s Waltz , the figure of the father repels and attracts the narrator when he comes home drunk but exhilerated. In Those Winter Sundays , the father is a remote figure, whose behavior is masked by a taciturn nature and the burden of responsibility. Each is clearly loved by their child, the narrator, although this love may have come too late to be expressed to the parent. Each poem expresses regret that the relationship was as it was rather than some other way, perhaps easier, smoother, more open, more typical, perhaps. My Papa’s Waltz signals the problem right in the first line about whiskey breath. This is a father who drinks to excess from time to time, or perhaps regularly. The dirty palm suggests that this dad works with his hands, and works hard, in spite of occasional binges. These clearly cause family problems, reflected in the mother’s scowl. The mom in My Papa’s Waltz probably knows and fears what comes next, after the boisterous singing passes and the child is in bed. Is this a scene foreshadowing domestic abuse? Will the father beat the mother using the same hand with which he marks time? How can a child deal with such possibilities? This child hangs on, literally, to his dad’s clothes, and to prolong the event, hungry for whatever attention this father can offer. There is even the very subtle suggestion that this father’s attentions may be inappropriate: is it fun or sinister that the child is danced off to his bed? In any case, these are ambiguous memories for the narrator of My Papa’s Waltz , although they have been clung to, all the way into adulthood, like the dad’s shirt. These poems are clearly meant to be read as autobiographical – and whether or not they are entirely factual, they draw on powerful memories from a child’s perspective, like the intimate contact of ear and buckle. Perhaps they represent a mix of experiences with different adults at different times. The images in My Papa’s Waltz seem too real to be entirely fabricated. Such vivid mom
Introduction Today, all forms of businesses are extensively globalized, operate in increasingly competitive markets, are driven by the internet, and are conscious of speed. The new business world has created complicated challenges for managers (Wintzer 2007, p.2). These challenges are accompanied by claims of top management misconducts, ethical mistakes, and exorbitant executive compensations (Atomic Dog Publishing 2001, p.2; Morden 2007, p.4; Certo 2000, p.166). For this reason, corporate leaders are under unmatched pressure to respond to strategic challenges faster, responsibly, and with greater certainty (Atomic Dog Publishing 2001, p.2; Parthasarthy 2006, p.47). As a result, effective strategic management is critical for survival of all organizations including the well established firms. A strategy refers to plans made by the top management to develop and preserve its competitive advantage (Atomic Dog Publishing 2001, p.2; Saloner, Shepard & Podolny 2006, p.25). Strategic management is wider than a strategy; it refers to a process that entails an analysis of an organization’s environment by the top management before designing a strategy and plan for putting it into practice and controlling the strategy (Atomic Dog Publishing 2001, p.2; Griffin 2011, p.67). Strategic management involves considering what must be done before formulating a strategy by evaluating the success of an executed strategy. Resources brought by Swatch and Mercedes Benz into their partnership that came up with Smart car The process of making Smart car started in 1994 after a deal was sealed between Daimler-Benz, maker of Mercedes-Benz and Swatch, Swiss watchmaker (Hitt et al 2011, p.248; Metais & Pin 2001, p.1). A joint venture of the two companies created a firm known as Micro Compact Car AG whose headquarters were located in Biel, Switzerland. After announcing the deal, three co-directors were appointed to head the new company, which was later to be known simply as the ‘Smart’ after moving to Germany from Biel. The directors were engineer and designer Johan Tomforde and financial administrator Christopher Baubin from Daimler-Benz and swatch marketing manager Hans Jurg Schar. SMH (makers of the swatch watches) contributed 49% of the initial capital of 50 million Swiss francs while Daimler-Benz contributed the remaining 51% (Metais & Pin 2001, p.1). The company comprised of two branches namely MCC GmbH based in a suburb of Stuttgart known as Renningen charged with the responsibility of designing the car. Hayek’s SMH Auto SA, was to design electric drive system for the car, while Hayek engineering would appraise the design and manufacturing of new car (Metais & Pin 2001, p.2). Nicolas Hayek, the Swatch inventor, contributed its design philosophy while Daimler brought in the quality and engineering genius of Mercedes-Benz (Lewin 2004, p.248). Hayek had an idea of developing a new car using the same form of manufacturing strategies and personalization elements used to popularize Swatch watches (Metais & Pin 2001, p.1; Bidault & Despres 1997, p.2). He strongly believed that the automobile industry had for long overlooked an area of potential
Building a brand in a business-to-business context is different from doing so in a consumer market. The case study given about Cisco demonstrates this fact. When Cisco started its operations, its main target market was corporate bodies. It was selling its products to firms, which needed systems that could help them run more efficiently. The firm has however, grew exponentially over the last decade and it has come to appreciate the fact that consumer market can no longer be ignored. The approach taken by Cisco to build its brand when it was targeting other business units has changed following its decision to include consumer markets as part of its target markets. The approach taken to attract organizational consumers is different from the strategy taken to attract consumer markets. One of the difference comes in the way building the brand is concerned. When dealing with business-to-business market, the focus will be on the decision makers within the targeted firm. This can be the chief executive. In such cases, a firm will make an effort to ensure that the decision maker understands the brand and its superiority over other existing brands. This is because the decision maker is known (McNally & Speak, 2011). It is very different from the case where the target market is a consumer market. In consumer market, the target audience is undefined. A firm will always try to build its brand by trying to communicate to everyone in the consumer market. This is evident from the case study given about Cisco. When Cisco was targeting other corporate bodies as its target market, it would focus on the main decision makers in the companies and sell its brand to them. This changed when it focused on the consumer market. The management realized that the only way of making its brand strong in the consumer market is to ensure that the public knows it. It is also apparent from the case that when targeting consumer market with the brand, more advertising would be necessary than when dealing with business-to-business market. When Cisco targeted organizational consumers, it found it easy to visit the companies and explain to the decision makers the importance of using their system. This changed when
Although there are many countries all over the world that demanded changes in their political order at least once in their history, Bahrain is probably the one that should be spoken about as the most long-termed undemanding country. Bahrain has been an amazing place of utmost liberality within the conflicts of turbulent Persian Gulf region. However, the last month real changes have been brought to Bahrain political settings by upheaval in Egypt and Tunisia. Needless to say, disregarding the religion beliefs every parent wants the best for his children; hence people understand that democracy would be the best choice, though hardly achievable for Arabic countries. As such, the rebellions of terrorist protestors in the Kingdom of Bahrain took place in order to make difference for the country they live in and for their own lives, though in a very mean way. Many videos on the situation in Bahrain witness that one of the political leaders entered the crowd of protesters and tried to talk to people, though they do not want to hear anything about negotiations after so many people were killed and injured by police during rebels. However, there is another side of the coin. So, why are there tanks in the streets of Manama? This report is going to reveal the unknown side of the rebellions’ suppression, namely the fact that not only protesters were injured and killed as it is claimed in mass media. Also, the paper will unveil how the thirst for democracy and political changes is treated in Arabic countries, such as Bahrain, and the outcomes of undemocratic arrangements. So, since the first time the riots started being so-called disobedient to the government on Sunday, February 13 th , police tried to settle everything peacefully. However, once people blocked both sides of King Faisal Causeway police started resisting the rebel to let other people go to their works. The police was unarmed, however. All the more, the crowd of 350 protesters had knives and daggers, so fourteen policemen had sustained injuries, they were stabbed. So, it is now difficult to decide whether it was a harsh resistance of the crowd that entailed such serious outcomes on both of the sides: government and protesters, or the police acted too violently against people which resulted in their own injuries. What needs elaboration here is the actual political system in Bahrain. There is a very sharp debate of Shia against Sunni nowadays in Bahrain. Since 1971 Khalifa bin Salman al-Khalifa – the king – has been in power, so now Shias demand his resignation for the sake of democracy. The reason is that the royal family is blamed of discrimination of
Introduction The Murray River is one of the most important waterways in the entire Australian continent. The river is the lifeline of hundreds of thousands of people who live along its banks. This proposal presents the requirements for constructing a bridge to link the Riverina Highway to the Hodge Island Reserve. The Bridge will open up the Island for tourist activity, and in the process, it will improve the economy of New South Wales (NSW). The aim of the bridge construction project is to provide tourists with a means of accessing the Hodge Island Reserve for camping and for leisure activities. The project objective is to build a 100-meter bridge to serve as the access route to the Hodge Island reserve. The rationale for the construction of this bridge is as follows. First, the Hodge Island reserve is currently uninhabited and it serves as a breeding ground for various animals. The island has the potential of employing more than 5000 people directly and indirectly if the NSW government opens it up for tourism. The Island is an ideal camping ground and can serve a mooring bay for boats. The government will not construct permanent structures on the reserve. It will identify ideal camping spots and make sites for pitching tents. This will ensure that there is minimum disturbance of the environment of the island. Figure 1: Map Showing the Proposed Location of the Hodge Island Bridge Bridge Design The Hodge Island Bridge should meet the following design constraints. First, the construction process and the final structure should not lead to major disturbance of the natural environment of the Hodge Island Reserve. The reserve serves as a breeding ground for several species of animals. Extensive damage to their habitat because of bridge construction may lead to permanent loss of breeding grounds for these animals. Secondly, the bridge should avoid the riverbanks to ensure that the water way is not disturbed. Thirdly, the final design of the bridge and its access road should not disturb traffic on the Riverina Highway. The bridge should be large enough to accommodate camping trucks, and should be able to support light traffic. The bridge should also have a pedestrian walk way. Since the bridge will lead to a reserve, it will require a barrier to ensure that only authorised traffic enter the Island. The best bridge design for this project is a cable stayed suspension bridge. This will require only two supports in the waterway, and minimal works on the riverbanks. The proposed design for the is shown in Figure 2 below. Figure 2: Sketch of a Cable Stayed Suspension Bridge. The dimensions of the Proposed Bridge are as follows. The central span will be 100 meters, the deck spans will be 20 me
Introduction All societies undergo the process of social change and societies are distinguished by the rate, processes and the directions of change. A society is closely related to the individuals, organizations and social movements and this has a great impact on the socio-cultural changes sets standards for social change. There has been significant social change with the movement of population, industrialization and urbanization. The Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution has brought about great transformation. There are three main primary theories in social change. They are functionalism, conflict theories, and interpretive theories. According to the Functionalist theory the societies become more complex and mutually dependent as they develop. The emphasis is on social order rather than social change. According to Talcott Parsons the society consisted of mutually supporting parts which worked together to maintain the balance of the whole. This theory only explains the institutional change. Conflict theory focuses on the premise that radical change was inevitable in society. According to Marx and Engels the basic structures of society is a result of the social change and the relationships between social classes. The Conflict Theory explains remarkable events in history and the changing patterns of race and gender relations and also emphasizes the struggles to explain the impact of technological development on society and the changes to family organization. Symbolic Interactionism was developed as an alternative to Functionalism, which emphasized that social interaction is symbolic in nature and social reality is created by the people participating in it. Among these theories the Conflict theory is more applicable in domestic violence (Preston. 2000). Domestic vio
For several decades, oil had been the largest source of revenue for states in the Arabian Gulf. The increasing global consumption of oil has greatly boosted the economies of states in the Arabian Gulf, which thrive on the billions of dollars obtained annually through the sale of oil and oil by-products. However, the realization of the possibility of the depletion of oil wells in the Arabian Gulf has aroused debates on the ability of states with oil-based economies to survive without oil. The rate at which oil wells are drying up globally is a clear illustration that states in the Arabian Gulf will not remain cushioned from the social, economic and political upheavals that accompany the weakening of a key economic pillar. An evaluation of the total barrels of oil produced globally illustrates that the current rate of oil consumption is unsustainable in the end. States in the Arabian Gulf can only cushion themselves from the severity of oil-related crises if they adopt systems, policies, and procedures that will ensure the survival of their economies once the oil wells in the Arabian Gulf dry up. Sustainable economies require investment in fields such as healthcare, education, and research, which rely minimally on the availability of natural resources. Investing in these fields will provide the Gulf States with a platform to sustain or improve their per capita income, which currently depends on the revenue generated through oil. Although the oil wells may take time before completely drying up, the Gulf States will start experiencing economic upheavals as soon as the cost of extracting oil reduces the economies of scale associated with the mining and exportation of oil. Globalization is increasingly transforming the economies of individual countries into a concern of other nations. Counties such as the United States, which engages in various aspects of direct foreign investments, must first evaluate the economic sustainability of its activities in a country of interest. In this regard, the infrastructure and human resource must be such that it can sustain an investment. A properly developed human resource guarantees economic sustainability due to the abundance of knowledge that allows research and experimentation in diverse fields. A country’s overreliance on natural sources of revenue generation hampers the development of human resource as evident in the various Gulf States, which had largely remained uninvolved in the development of education systems and research facilities. Investment in research enables nations to identify sustainable sources of revenue and thus gives a country considerable flexibility in case some key economic pillars weaken. Also, it minimizes the reliance on natural resources whose depletion subjects a country to turmoil. To survive in an increasingly competitive world, countries with minimal natural resources have to invest in research to identify alternative means of maintaining social, economic
The case under consideration, Bostock v. Clayton County, 590 U.S., was significant for developing measures to avoid discrimination in the workplace. More specifically, it was primarily related to diversity in terms of sex and age since this combination frequently evokes the concerns of the population (King, 2021). The examination of the issue by relying on the example of Gerald Bostock was advantageous for establishing proper employment practices in this respect. In this lawsuit filed by the plaintiff, the main factor was his unjustified dismissal from the company in which he had otherwise positive reputation. This event was caused by the man’s interest in a gay softball league which he expressed while being in the workplace while neglecting the provisions of Title VII (Mallory et al., 2020). This part of the Civil Rights Act, confirming the violation, was relied on by Bostock when initiating legal action, but it was initially dismissed by the district court due to its allegedly erroneous interpretation (“Bostock v. Clayton County, 590 U.S.,” 2019). The appeal, including the claim to include sexual discrimination in consideration, was successful as Bostock managed to support his position with the opposing statements of Massachusetts law, Chapter 151B (“Bostock v. Clayton County, 590 U.S.,” 2019). In this way, the meaning of the previously used provisions regulating such cases was modified accordingly. To summarize, the examined court case based on employment law and, more specifically, discrimination against workers happened to be crucial for making adjustments. The previous evidence, as per Title VII of the Civil Rights Act did not include the particular considerations of sex and age. Hence, this gap was compensated for by this decision, and the consequent change in the legal provisions helped guarantee the equality of people in the workplace in the context of their diversity.
“It is better to be black than gay because when you are black you don’t have to tell your mother” (Barbetta 6). This is the type of attitude that has defined homosexuality for years. There have been debates on whether homosexuality is natural or learnt. Since then, there have been several developments on the issue of gay relationships. In most states, discrimination of people based on their sexual orientation has been outlawed. This paper intends to argue that legalization of homosexuality does not negatively affect the societal moral fabric or cause any imbalance in relationships. This is because homosexuality is inborn and hence cannot be reversed, it is just like any other expression of love and interest and finally, it cannot be discouraged by law. Most religious organizations have based their arguments on religious writings and argued that legalization of homosexuality has contributed to moral decay within the American society. This ethical approach has played great roles even during political campaigns where family values have over ridden the desire to legalize homosexuality especially in school boards and religious organizations. In their arguments, religious bodies argue that marriage is holy union and sacred. They therefore argue that God created man and commissioned him to fill the earth through his union with a woman and not people of the same gender (Ayers and Brown 15). Secondly, anti homosexuality lobbies argue that marriage between two people of the same gender beats logic because it lacks purpose and objective. They argue that marriage between man and woman has a principle purpose of procreation. Marriage between people of the same gender does not have this objective. In addition to procreation, same marriage can be done for the major purpose of property sharing and companionship. The anti-homosexuality groups argue that these can be achieved without having to get married. There are laws that would comfortably address the issues of property sharing and inheritance (Sherman 14). These arguments however, have not been able to convince pro-homosexuality groups. The latter have also their arguments for homosexuality. First, they argue that homosexuality is natural and inborn. While anti homosexual lobbies argue that this is a behavior learnt from the environment. Science has proved that homosexuality is an inborn affair (Garber 16). Le Vay’s 1991 study pointed out that there are structural differences within the brain of homosexual men and their heterosexual counterparts. According to the study, it was identified that interstitial nuclei situated in the anterior hypothalamus of human brain showed structural differences in the two groups of men. In homosexuals, the structure was smaller as comp