ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction This essay deals with the analysis of Emotional Intelligence often measure as Emotional Intelligence Quotient (EQ) and its implication for contemporary theories of social psychology, organization of educational process, and other important aspects of this theory application. The analysis is subdivided into several parts. First, we address the interrelation between traditional and emotional approaches intelligences paying attention to historical evolution of emotional intelligences concepts and its main parameters. Secondly, implications for the methodology of educational assessment are discussed in the view finding effective combination and practical realization of multidimensional intelligence practices. Thirdly, implications of emotional intelligence approach are studied in terms of their application in modern learning practices. Further on, recent research on emotional intelligence is presented putting emphasis on the most interesting approaches and methodologies as well as a means for their introduction into school syllabus and curriculum. At last some brief summary of Daniel Goleman’s emotional intelligence theory is made. Emotional intelligence vs. traditional intelligence Emotional intelligence is often described as a capacity and ability, skill to assess and perceive and certain ability to manage personal emotions and emotions of others and group emotions. It is a pragmatic skill to install good communication and attain knowledge through social and educational interactions. For instance Salovey and Mayer (1990) consider emotional intelligence as “the ability to monitor one’s own and others’ feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them and to use this information to guide one’s thinking and actions”. Traditional intelligence was for a long period of time regarded as the main object that should be developed both during the process of education and socialization of children and adolescents. In traditional education the emphasis was usually put on cognitive aspects including memories and problem-solving, standard matters of assessment and doing various standardized exercises. The attention to emotional intelligence go back to Thorndike in 1920 coined the term social intelligence to discuss a skill of communication and understanding other people (Thorndike, 1920). In similar vain Gardner described the influence of non-intellectual factors on intelligent behavior and claimed that without them the education of intelligent person is impossible (Gardner, 1983). Further in the course of this theory development Gardner introduced the idea of Multiple Intelligences which included two main concepts – Interpersonal Intelligence – the ability to understand other people’s motivations, intentions and cognitive peculiarities and intrapersonal intelligence as the capacity to understand oneself. IQ test as a traditional technology for the assessment of intelligence is regarded is inadequate tool for assessment of emotional inte
In all historical periods, political leadership was one of the most important and complex issues of governance and ruling. Researchers admit that during the 20 th century, there is a personalization of leadership within the executive branch of government. Political leadership is unidentifiable in pursuit of the indefinable. Leadership is unidentifiable in the sense that it has no physical manifestation. It is not an object. It does not have substance in the same manner as the nose on one’s face (Lyall & Sell 2006). There is no material thing which we can touch or see and then unambiguously declare that we have identified ‘leadership’. Instead, ‘leadership’ is an abstraction. It is a social science concept. It is a concept whose meaning is socially constructed. Individuals may have their preferred definition of leadership. At best, there may be common agreement that one definition of leadership is better than all others. Whatever the case, ‘leadership’ is an essentially contested concept. In this sense at least, the concept of ‘leadership’ is indefinable and closely resembles other related social science concepts, such as ‘power’, ‘influence’, authority’ and ‘control’. the case of Latin American countries shows that strong leadership can be based on unique charismatic personalities of leaders and radical-charismatic authority (Fidel Castro and Hugo Chavez) as well as regeneration of ‘”vision” followed by Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama. Radical-charismatic leadership is based on symbolic elements and principles of authority. In Cuba, both Fidel Castro and Hugo Chavez were symbolic figures of social and political changes and reformation. Fidel Castro was often seen as the creator and uncontested military and political leader of the Revolution and his brother entrusted with the role of alter ego, the free-wheeling and hence normally vulnerable Fidel has been immune from the fate that befell the somewhat similarly disorganized and careless Ben Bella in Algeria. There could be no Cuban Boumediène, though there must have been times when sober members of the government, not to mention the Russians, regretted that the possibility did not exist (Lyall & Sell 2006). Critics (Lyall & Sell 2006) admit the use of unique symbols and gestures by Fidel Castro. Thus, to untangle the moods and motives that shaped Fidel’s behavior on any gi
The study of the universe and other heavenly bodies has been one of the main concerns of scientists since the ancient world. The solar system has a series of planets and Jupiter is one of them. This planet was first discovered by scientists during the ancient period and it was closely linked with religious and mythical believes of many societies. For example, the Romans called it Jupiter, a term which referred to one of their gods. Among the heavenly bodies visible in the sky at night, Jupiter is the third brightest. However, Mars can also have the same level of brightness at certain intervals in its orbit. Jupiter has an oblate spheroid shape because it rotates very fast. It is mainly composed of gaseous and liquid substances. In terms of size, it is the largest of all the planets and it is number five from the sun. “The diameter of Jupiter is 142984 kilometers and its density is 1.326 g/cm 3 ” (Bova 125). The upper atmosphere of this planet is mainly made up of hydrogen which occupies ninety percent and helium nine percent. The remaining one percent is occupied by small quantities of other gases like ammonia and water vapor. Silicon based compounds can also be found in the atmosphere. “Based on spectroscopy , Saturn is thought to be similar in composition to Jupiter, but the other gas giants Uranus and Neptune have relatively much less hydrogen and helium” (Bova 127). The mass of Jupiter is two and a half times greater than the combined mass of all the remaining planets. The density of this planet is low despite its large size. “Jupiter’s volume is equal to 1,321 Earths, yet the planet is only 318 times as massive” (Cattermole 81). According to theoretical models, Jupiter would shrink if it had a greater mass than it has at present. The heat generated
Introduction According to Deborah King, collaborative adult learning is important to help institutions in designing and implementing professional development procedures to support learning and progress of the administrators. She says that the principles and supers of the institutions have realized a need for developing a wider knowledge base of the curriculum to achieve their goals. Their instructional leadership capabilities need to be developed and professional learning groups must be encouraged. For the improvement of institutions, the leaders have to develop skills for collecting and using data from various sources. As she mentions, “ Instructional leaders make creative use of all resources – people, time, and money – to support school improvements. ” (King, 2002) According to Ben Bissell, educational institutions must create an environment so that continual changes are viewed as a positive step for creating success and improving learning among the students. He says that a distinctive character of our successful leaders will be their capabilities of managing change on the educational front. Until and unless these educational leaders expose themselves to the changes that are going on, they will ultimately become irrelevant. Bissell says that the speed of change is a relatively new thing for us and we no longer have enough time to think before a certain new change requires our attention. He says, “ First, it is vital to realize that change is not new. The world has always been changing. What’s new is the speed of change .” (Bissell, 2002) If the leaders are reluctant and display lack of enthusiasm to present changes it will take away success achieved by the students through their formal education. Bissell also says that there is always a resistance to a new change as they produce unexpected and unknown fear among the people. One way of overcoming this is that the leaders need to properly hear out and understand the staff members and also listen to them. Which is better The resistance change is better since it realizes that there is nothing new about changes and only those people who can accept change will be the ultimate winner. It emphasizes that other than the things that are taught in the schools, there is also the need to understand how change can be managed and form guidelines for the success of its students and staff members. According to this theory, change is better if it is exercised and accepted slowly and gradually. It is also better since it is consistent with the changing ways of our present millennium. This is a better model since unlike the older models, which believed that if people had to know something they would be informed about it. According to this model, the people in the organization should be responsible for their needs. This model also does not expect the staff to do according t
The emergence of modern technologies has revolutionized the way celebrities, Internet users, and marketers pursue their objectives. Within the past decade, several social media platforms have emerged that make it possible for people to share ideas with others, communicate, and engage in personal branding. The proliferation of such platforms means that more individuals will identify new trends in an attempt to achieve their career goals. Unfortunately, these innovations have specific drawbacks that might make them unreliable sources of information or data. The purpose of this essay is to describe how editors and designers choose what to bring to the foreground or hide in the background in an effort to create the most appropriate self-representations with the realm of self-branding on social media. Background Information Branding has remained a core concept in the world of business since companies and marketers rely on it to showcase the superiorities of their services and brands. Professionals who embrace such an approach effectively tend to have increased chances of recording positive results. Celebrities, editors, and designers go further to rely on the same idea to engage in a practice called personal branding. Hogan (2010) defines “personal branding” as a strategy through which firms and agencies promote people’s careers as unique brands. Most of the stakeholders in this field consider some of the best initiatives to maintain or retain a desirable impression or reputation. This field is attracting more people who want to succeed as music producers, artists, scholars, journalists, or celebrities. This trend has expanded to include the majority of individuals who want to share ideas, their images, photographs, and skills with their respective followers. This development is what has resulted in the massive use of different platforms as a way of overcoming the level of competition (Boyd & Ellison, 2008). Many users have mastered the art of ensuring that their public images reflect their unique values, principles, achievements, and reputation. However, sociologists and marketing theorists have managed to present divergent views regarding what happens behind the scenes to ensure that the intended personal brand is realized and maintained. Discussion and Critical Analysis The attributes of social media have made it likable and reliable to many people in different parts of the world. Faleatua (2018) uses the concept of authentic self-branding to describe the manner in which artists and users of the Internet disclose their real or true selves as a form of personal branding. Using the example o
Formal teaching is also known as classroom based teaching. Formal teaching is practiced by trained teachers who have the necessary skills required to teach. Informal teaching on the other hand, can be described as teaching that normally happens outside the classroom and does not require the assistance of a trained teacher. Informal teaching comprises of after-school programs and home-based teaching programs. What are the main differences between the two forms of teaching? In formal teaching, teachers have to meet set standards that have been put in place by the government. The government does this by developing a curriculum that is suitable for learners. However, informal teaching has more flexibility as there is usually no curriculum to be followed while teaching. A classroom will normally have the same number of students and teachers. The attendance is usually consistent. However, in the case of home-based teaching, attendance is usually inconsistent as the programs offered do not usually require the learners to attend classes on a daily basis. Formal teaching usually lasts for several weeks or months. This is in accordance with the curriculum provided. A teacher is usually given enough time to cover the syllabus. Informal teaching on the other hand, takes a day to complete an activity since a different group of learners might be expected the following day. Teachers are highly trained. The training offered to teachers is usually standardized. Home-based teachers have different qualifications and experience. Formal teaching is aimed at providing leaners with skills that they need to pursue a profession or further education. After the learner has completed a certain level, he or she is usually awarded a certificate as evidence of completion. Informal education does not usually award certificates. The teaching offered is supposed to make an individual a better person in life through making proper decisions. The human services field is tasked with the objective of improving service delivery, improving accountability, coordination and accessibility among the various stakeholders in the service delivery industry. This makes the human services field unique. It is important to find teachers who have the necessary qualifications, experience and wide knowledge on the field to teach students who want to join this field. The teachers in this field have to be trained in accordance with the requirements of the curriculum that has been put in place. To be a teacher in this field, it is important to have a passion in service delivery. This will have an impact on the students one will come across. To be a teacher in this field, one needs to be ready to serve as a role model to the learners. To become a learner in this field, one must have time. A learner has to have time to attend all lectures, time for private studies and time to comp
Introduction Under the foster care system, many children and teenagers in the United States have been adopted and have been successful in gaining a permanent home. However, this process is not as smooth as it might sound since there are children who live with several families before finally getting a permanent home. Consequently, due to different backgrounds, lifestyles, and culture, some of these children find it difficult to cope with their new families. As a result, they experience physical and psychological stress that might result in the development of adverse behaviors that affect them and the individuals around them. To overcome this problem, psychiatrists have been using psychiatric drugs to suppress and cure disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. This has greatly increased the use of psychiatric drugs on children and adolescents since the 1990s (Vitielo and Jensen, 1997). Safety of Psychiatric Drugs According to Eig (2012), medication is an effective measure of treating psychiatric problems in children and teenagers. However, there are parents who are worried about the long-term effects that psychiatric drugs have on their. Under normal circumstances, only qualified physicians have the mandate to of prescribing antipsychotic. Moreover, such physicians should have the experience of dealing with mental illness in children and adolescents. Administration of these drugs should only be done after precise diagnosis have been made. This enables psychiatrists to determine the type of treatment that a patient might require. As a result, a psychiatrist will be in a position of developing a comprehensive treatment plan for the patient. At this point, a psychiatrist might decide to administer antipsychotic drugs to control and cure the condition that a patient is suffering from. It is the duty of psychiatrists to explain why they have administered antipsychotic drugs to their patients. Consequently, psychiatrists should inform their patients about the possible effects that the drugs might have on them. Different medications have different side effects. Some of these side effects are mild while others are severe. Therefore, to ensure that the administration of antipsychotic drugs achieves the desired goals, psychiatrists should always be in close contact with their patients. Consequently, parents should avoid switching from one psychiatrist to another. If antipsychotic drugs are administered in th
This paper reflects upon how I believe the application of psychoanalysis can become an integral part of Christian counseling. The foremost idea that is being explored throughout the paper is that, even though the theory of psychoanalysis appears to contradict a number of Biblical conventions; it nevertheless correlates with the overall spirit of Christianity, as a thoroughly humanistic religion. The legitimacy of this suggestion is being illustrated with discursively appropriate references to Bible. The counseling approach that I will discuss in this paper is based upon the theory of Freudian psychoanalysis. The reason I choose this particular theory is that, despite the fact that a psychoanalytical approach to counseling is being commonly assumed inconsistent with Bible, it nevertheless does adhere to the overall spirit of Christianity, as a religion that stresses out the foremost cause of people’s emotional suffering, as a result of their souls lacking ‘wholesomeness’. Throughout the paper’s consequential parts, I will aim to explore the validity of this thesis at length. The psychoanalysis’s key concepts can be outlined as follows:  1. The observable subtleties of people’s positioning in life reflect their ability to exercise a rational control over the workings of their unconscious.  2. The cause of people’s mental anxieties is the fact that their ego (rationale-based reasoning) often proves incapable of addressing an incompatibility between the unconscious drives of id (primeval urges) and superego (cognitively absorbed and necessarily restrictive moral standards of a particular society).  3. The formation of one’s personality is being reflective of how the specifics of his or her upbringing caused the concerned individual to choose in favor of a particular manner of suppressing its socially inappropriate (sexual) unconscious urges (Jones & Butman, 1991).  4. The psychoanalysis-based therapy’s foremost goal is to uncover the essence of patients’ deep-seated irrational anxieties/urges, which in turn is supposed to empower them, within the context of how they go about attaining the sensation of an emotional comfortableness with their sense of self-identity. Even though that from a Christian point of view, there is indeed a number of discursive controversies to the theory of psychoanalysis, there can be little doubt as to the fact that it was specifically the process of people becoming ever more self-knowledgeable (wise), which predetermined the psychoanalysis’s emergence, in the first place (Hoffman, 2007). And, according to Bible, there is nothing ‘sinful’ about people’s strive to acquire wisdom. In fact, Bible endorses such people’s endeavor, “Get wisdom, get understanding…Wisdom [is] the principal thing; [therefore] get wisdom: and with all thy getting get understanding” (Proverbs, 4: 5-7, King James Version). Therefore, the psychoanalysis-ba
Although not exclusively about culture, diversity includes the study of different cultural orientations. Understanding diversity is critical to understanding society because the fundamental patterns of social change and social structure are increasingly influenced by diverse group experiences (Andersen & Taylor, 2007). In an increasingly globalized world, different people, languages, ideas, cultural practices, and material goods can be found far from their traditional homes. As a matter of fact, many places in the world now have relatively low percentages of indigenous populations. In the United States, this multiplicity of people and languages has spread from countries all over the world, leading to multifaceted diversity. Today, the United States is comprised of people from all nations and races. In the early days, one person out of eight Americans was not White. Today, racial and ethnic minority groups, including African Americans, constitute one-quarter of the US population and that proportion is growing. These broad categories themselves are internally diverse, including those with long term roots in the United States. There is a lot of information available in the United States regarding the wrong conclusions that people have made about certain races. A lot of things that have been said about the fastest expanding minority Hispanics, for example, are quite deceiving. This makes anyone without prior encounter with the Hispanics to pass judgment and make very bad conclusions about them. Although many people have been made to believe that Hispanics are new to the United States, it turns out that the Hispanics have been in the United States for a very long time and have taken part in revolutionary, civil, and even world wars. The environment we grow up plays a big role in shaping the way we relate with other people. The realization that what people say about others may not necessarily be true, has taught me to take nothing at face value. While my community condones rumor mongering, I now fully understand that it is very devastating to simply accept what others may say without seeking clarification. In my community, the number of immigrants is much less compared to the population of the indigenous people. On the other hand, every ethnic group is fairly represented. With regard to gender, there are more males in my community as compared to females. With time, it is presumed that the population of the United States will continue to grow older. Those currently aged 65 years are expected to reach about 20% by the year 2050. A number of sources indicate that on average, the population of those between 15 and 64 years old will eventually rise to 42 percent. This can be based on the fact that as the population of the baby boomers in the United States continues to grow, the growth of the youthful population will be even higher (Kotkin, 2010). I specifically think that this can be attributed to the fact that besides the population of natives growing, immigrants will also continue to flock into the United States. In the United States, the political, social, and psychological conflicts surro