ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
In early 1960s, there was a lot of discrimination in the United States of America such that the blacks and the whites could not mingle in public places such as restaurants. The civil rights museum in Greensboro was established as a reminder and in honor of the four students who were pioneers in fighting for civil rights. For the people who have never experienced racial discrimination, they would understand its real meaning when they visit this museum. This paper will provide some insights about the museum. According to records of history in 1960 there were four freshmen college students who decided to go against segregations rules and decided to sit in an area designated for whites. The four students were not of the same race and their names were Franklin McCain, Joseph Mcnail, Ezell Blair and David Richmond (O.Henry Hotel 1). These four students are thought to have set the pace for a campaign dubbed the sitting in movement. Rothstein explains that the museum is inside Woolworth building in Greensboro, which is one of the oldest buildings in the city (1). The museum is usually open on all days of the week except from Mondays. The building is very spacious because it has food joints and conference facilities and as well as big rooms for people who wish to conduct training sessions from there. The building is ideal for its purpose because it represent the old days in so many ways, such as its architectural design. The museum was established in 1993 by Melvin Alston and Earl Jones. The museum has a committee of five members who are under the chairmanship of Melvin Alston. The chairman of the committee is assisted by a vice chairman, secretary, and the treasurer. The museum has a management board that is comprised of the board of the directors including the chairman. Once you enter the museum you are ushered in by the exhibition tour guides who take you through the exhibition by explaining the meaning of various artifacts found in the museum. Without these guides, visitors would not enjoy their visit because they would not understand how the artifacts were used which is crucial in understanding history. There are video recordings that explain the events that took place during the struggle against discrimination. There are photographs of the four students who pioneered the sit in movement that was shot as they were walking out of a restaurant that was designated for whites only. There is a photograph named ‘all men are equal’ that displays how racial discrimination took place in America. This photo shows four black Americans in a restaurant, perhaps one of those set aside for whites. There is also a film that features the Greensboro four, that is, the four freshmen students as they were discussing their experiences with segregation laws. This film is thought to have been an eye opener because it is said that they started their cam
Richard Holbrook best captures the events that took place in Kosovo during the Balkans war in the book ‘End a war’. This book highlights various controversial issues. In particular, the role -played by the U.S. and Nato in the peacekeeping mission are controversial and they come out in this book. Although the Kosovo war is over, many questions remain unanswered to this date. The question of who were responsible for the atrocities committed to the people and the role of America and Nato are some of the big questions that remain unanswered. The war took place between 1998 and 1999 in Kosovo, which was a province of the former Yugoslavia republic, Kosovo Balkans war, was of interest to the whole world. This is because the world had not experienced a war to such caliber since the world war two. For anyone interested in following the events that took place during this war and which resulted in the split of Yugoslavia, no other material does it better than the book ‘To end a war’ by Richard Holbrook. In his book, Holbrook described Kosovo to be the most dangerous place to be during that war in Europe during that particular time. In the book, Holbrook refers particularly the Igman route to Sarajevo as the most dangerous road in Europe. The road was literally littered with wreckage of vehicles that had been shot by Serb gunmen (Holbrooke, 1999, p. 22-24). The war had also been rated as the worst war in the European history. Working in Kosovo at the height of this war was therefore something that was unthought-of. How Holbrook decided to take his job as the chief mediator in Kosovo is still a controversy. In his book, however he gives an insight to the controversy by quoting that he had a passion for his mission. For his mission to be successful then the United States, Nato and the UN had to play their role. The U.S. Nato and the UN Since the creation of the United States of America, no single conflict in the world has ever become its business. In any conflict, America wcould play the roles of the chief peacekeeper, mediator and judge. There is nothing wrong in assuming such responsibility in order to stop a war or to stop atrocity committed to the public. However, in most cases America has assumed unnecessary responsibility. How America is able to manipulate other European powerful countries in accepting its ideologies is also of great interest. “Who is Nato?” and what role does America play in Nato? Although Nato was supposed to be a joint European military force, America has been able to manipulate and control Nato for its own interest. Although the west had the capacity to end this war, their intervention was a total failure and this is particularly noted in chapter 2 where Holbrook attempts to list five fact
Diverse ethnic roots have been known to bear a central role in determining individual and collective behavior. This follows from the fact that, human behavior though inherently rooted in ones personality, is also a product of the environment in which one is brought up (Logan, 2010, p.1). Geographic location, ethnic believes, ethnic traditions, and ethnic dispositions are some of the universal philosophies binding every ethnic group into a unique whole subset in the world. Ethnic diversity is usually accompanied with both positive and negative attributes to individual and group behavior. As such, one ethnic group may consider a certain behavioral practice as socially unethical whereas another would consider it to be ethical. For instance, whereas female genital mutilation is unheard-of in the United States of America, it is an ethically acclaimed practice in the better part of the African scenario. Geographic roots of an individual impact ones behavior in the sense that rich socio-environmental endowment would have positive correlation to the acquisition of normal behavioral patterns while the converse would apply for abnormal behavior patterns. In some situations, one may be raised in an environment where his/her ethnicity is the minority, in which case, one’s behavioral expressions are suppressed by the majority as they look down upon his/her background. Reference List Logan, J. (2010). Environmental change initiative – People. Retrieved from https://www.brown.edu/academics/institute-environment-society/?id=1132321910
Abstract Pornography is a big problem affecting all countries in the World and it cuts across all members of society. Effects of pornography are broad and the consequences are hazardous as it affects the moral fiber of the society. Members of the community exposed to pornography are at a risk of committing crimes that could destroy the lives of innocent victims. The dissemination of pornographic material has been catalyzed through the lack or little censorship by Organizations responsible. It is common to find people attending a viewing of and public staging of pornographic shows. These shows are conducted with the full knowledge of authorities (Irving 487). Unfortunately little is being done to stop this as we have reached a point where civil liberties are being used as a defense against such behaviors. At the moment society is under attack and the response from the Government has been very weak in combating pornography. We can no longer afford to hide under the veil and feign ignorance on the crimes brought about by perversion. The society should all unite against this vice. Censorship against the vice should be encouraged. Introduction Censorship is the control of communication from one person to another or from one media to another. This communication could be in the form of speech or literature. Many times this communication is suppressed by the deletion of the material to be communicated. This suppression or control is normally done by societies, Governments or even media organizations that are responsible for communication of both print and electronic media. Most of these bodies censor material that rare deemed to be harmful t the physical and mental health of the public or material that can provoke negative public sentiments. The level of censorship varies from one country to another with countries such as China and other Authoritarian regimes censoring any communication that is deemed anti Government. Freedom of speech is very limited in these countries. Censorship has affected even well-meaning individuals and great thinkers from passing on their thought and inventions. For a long time the grip of censorship against the arts and entertainment has slowly reduced but the results of such actions have only served to increase the level of crime through acts of fornication (Irving 492). As much as too much censorship is bad, we must also look at the places and societies where censorship has been eased. At the moment we are finding out that society is quickly devolving backward as the behaviors that are being perpetrated by the arts and entertainment world leave a lot to be desired. In his article, Pornography, obscenity and the case for censorship, Irving Kristol talks about the negative effects that the society could reap as a result of little censorship. He gives a good example where he talks about how the consequences of allowing the propagation of pornographic material through both print and electronic media. Today crimes such as rape have increased steadily over the years and that is why we should get a better w
This paper is covering the application of the Adlerian theory of psychoanalysis to the problems that John a patient is suffering from. The paper is focusing on describing the key issues and treatment needs of the patient in relation to the key concepts, processes, techniques, and procedures according to the theory. By doing this, it’s addressing the major issues in psychotherapy, the crisis these problems pose and the means that a therapist would use to address the problems then lastly account for the strengths and weaknesses of working under this theory. (7th Ed. Corey, 2005) According to Alder, human beings live based on socially constructed meanings which are majorly based on the undervaluation of females and overvaluation of males. According to him, human behavior is based on a final goal that pulls all activities towards the same direction and emphasizes it as the source of the creative power, freedom, and ability to choose the direction the individuals’ life takes. He takes up a humanistic view of life that contributes to the levels of cooperation, interconnectivity, self-fulfillment, self-development, contribution to the common welfare, and appreciation of what others do towards nature and other people. (Kirwan, 1984) He emphasizes the role of parenting and schooling in personality development that can either result in psychopathology or a good sense of community and interconnectedness depending on the care given by these institutions. According to this theory, a mother is a primary factor in socialization, and the father together with other caregivers are influencers to personality development. He argues that this process takes place through the level of care or neglect that a child is subjected to in the early stages of consciousness that raise feelings of insufficiency and inferiority. These feelings develop with reference to the sense of cooperation, help, significance, stimulation, and encouragement to develop courage and personal capacity from parents, another family, and community members. The final results of this personality development process are the conscious feelings of social interest, community, interdependence, personal importance, and sense of being needed. (Kirwan, 1984) From the patients’ description, the key issues that need special treatment include the problem of chronic stress, the difficulty to adjust to changes in life, and the possibility of shock from the loss of his wife and job. He also has the problem of exercising authority over others to make up for the inferiority, the problem of feeling general bore
Introduction According to the Market Line; a Data monitor business, the global soft drinks industry consists of functional drinks, bottled water, concentrates, juices and RTD with tea and coffee included. Its market value increased by 4% to reach a value of $602.1 billion in 2011. This is may increase by 24.6% to $749.9 billion by 2016. Of the global market value of soft drinks, the USA accounts for 41.5% and is home to the Coca-Cola Company; the leading indusry player generating 36.4% of the market’s share volume. (Market Line p. 1-38) The scope of this paper is to evaluate the Company in terms of its business process, involvement of information systems in its process and waysn information systems could improve its process. The Coca-Cola Company It is an international beverage corporation founded in American with headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia. It manufacturers, distributes and markets non-alcoholic beverage solvents. The company’s history dates back to the 1886 experiment-Coca cola- of John Pemberton in Col
Though the concept of propaganda does not necessarily imply negative connotations, the very concept of it is traditionally considered with a grain of salt. There are good reasons for that – unlike objective reasoning, propaganda affects people on the subconscious level, implanting specific ideas into their heads without the audience’s recognition of the process. However, in some cases, propaganda may lack subtlety and at the same time be outstandingly efficient, as the case of Sicko, a Canadian movie rendering the notorious issue of healthcare, shows in a very graphic manner. Despite using rather simplistic propaganda techniques and devices, such as Beautiful People and Flag-Waving, the movie manages to get the key idea of the major flaws at the very core of the current healthcare system in a very clear and convincing manner. Since the movie incorporates two powerful propaganda techniques, the key idea of the film is conveyed directly to the viewer and spelled out in a rather subtle manner, therefore, making a huge impact on the audience. A closer look at the propaganda techniques, which were used I the movie, will reveal that the director, in fact, did not invent anything new – the approaches chosen for displaying the problems with the healthcare system of the 21st century have been in existence since the dawn of times. To be more specific, the strategy known as the Beautiful People propaganda is used quite actively in the movie the film portrays one of its protagonists in an extraordinarily positive manner, turning the real-life person into a near cardboard character. The case of Tommy Douglas and Tony Bern is depicted in an extraordinarily favorable light for Bern’s character, which makes the argument a touch aggressive Indeed, the character is rather flat; this is the typical hero that will save the day and reinvent the society entirely, therefore, leading to a major change within. Bern even speaks in clichéd phrases that are supposed to imply more than they actually mean: “If we can find money to kill people, you can find money to help people” (Sicko 00:31:44). One must admit, though, that the given technique is rather efficient; Bern is the kind of character that the audience traditionally roots for, the wise man with intrinsic qualities of a leader and an innovator, who fights for justice and wellbeing of people. Therefore, the propaganda strategy under consideration works impeccably. Another obvious type of propaganda, which is used in Sicko, concerns the feeling of righteousness. Defined rather sharply as Flag-Waving in the existing nomenclature of propaganda strategies, the above-mentioned approach presupposes that the audience should relate to the character, who discloses a plot against humanity and, therefore, saves the humankind by displaying the truth to all those concerned. The elements of flag-waving though quite subtle ones, can be spotted in such lines as “Why, in a free country, shouldn’t he be able to have health insurance and exercise his First Amendment rig
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has one of the best environments in the world for having an e-commerce business (PYMNTS 2013). This fact is explained mostly by the popularity of the Internet among the citizens and the variety of products and services that can be bought there (Northwestern University in Quatar n.d.). The country lives by the Sharia laws, which predicates most of the ways of how people live and do business. For instance, women cannot drive cars or walk in public without male representatives, which belong to their families (Greenwood 2015). Such rule opens up many possibilities for offering products to the female audience that can be bought online (Middle East/Africa Hub 2014). The type of e-commerce business that will be covered in this paper deals with selling women’s fashion bags and accessorizes. The Internet platform will contain positions of items that represent some of the most popular models from European and American companies, as well as local brands. Services will include pre-orders and delivery, as well as a wide option of payment methods. The business statement includes the idea that such services are important in the community where females do not have many opportunities to spend time on things like offline shopping, yet they strive to be fashionable and beautiful like many other people in the world. The company’s vision is based on the idea of a community that devotes time to follow the latest trends and be an equal member of a fashion society while adapting these steps to the local traditions. To achieve this perception, several objectives must be reached. They include increasing the number of women who can make online purchases, reducing delivery time, and providing flexible payment options that would allow customers to be more secure about the operations. One of the main goals is to offer some of the most
Introduction The nursing article of Zani, Marcon, Tonete, and Parada “Communicative process in the emergency department between nursing staff and patients: social representations” is written by researchers in the field of health care. It was supported by the Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing and the Aurora de Afonso Costa Nursing School. It raises one of the essential topics in nursing, in particular, and health care, in general: the importance of patient communication with professional nurses for the quality and speed of recovery. The process and the result of social research which is provided in the article may be interesting for both healthcare professionals and ordinary people. This article was chosen for analysis because of its relevance in modern healthcare and the reliability of the sources used by the researchers in its creation. The subject of review in this paper is the research method, its result, and conclusions made by the authors of the study after the scientific discussion. Realization of Research Method According to the article, the researchers first carefully examined the hospital in Paraná, where they subsequently conducted the study. According to Zani, Marcon, Tonete, and Parada (2014), “the study included 40 subjects: 20 health professionals (nurses and nurse technicians) working in the emergency department and 20 patients admitted to the same department” (p. 141). It is noteworthy that before the study, the researchers never specified or discussed the number of participants. During the investigation, researchers conducted interviews with each participant individually. Health professionals were asked about the difficulties and benefits of communicating with patients and their families, and patients were asked about their experiences with nurses and whether communication helped them. Interviews were recorded; details were noted in a field notebook. It is interesting that the interviewers allowed the participants to check the recordings and view the notes to make adjustments and get as accurate answers as possible. Result Based on the respondents’ the scientists determined the age range of participants, found out the experience of nurses and the time of treatment of patients. According to Zani et al. (2014), the researchers divided the topics of answers into two categories: “communication between practitioner and patient/ family and the importance of the communication process with the family to the patient’s recovery” (p. 142). Patients’ and nurses’ responses were also separated by viewpoints on the subject. Opinions differed, but for the most part, both specialists and patients were positive about the communication and involvement of the family in the process, although for different reasons. Discussion Summing up the results of the study, the authors say that the problem of communication between patients and nurses is significant for both. Zani et al. (2014) claim that “communication can contribute to an