ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
A King in New York (1957) is directed by and starring Charles Chaplin in his last leading role. The film was not officially released in America until the early 1970s. This happened because the film appeared to be brilliant satire of political and social aspects of the United States’ development in the fifties. That time America suffered from McCarthyism ideas: the country was in the throes of anti-communist suspicion. The fear of the spread of communist ideas throughout the United States caused the accusation of thousands of American communists or communist sympathizers. Government employees (especially in entertainment industry), union activists, educators and people of other professions were subjected to aggressive investigations that resulted in loss of jobs, ruination of their careers and imprisonment. Chaplin was one of those accused of anti-American activities. Being hunted by powerful reactionary groups, he left America in 1952 and returned to it in 1972 to receive an Honorary Oscar. A King in New York focuses on McCarthyism witch hunts and violations of civil liberties (paraphrasing Rupert Macabee, an average American was sick and tired of asking whether he is this, if he is that), American commercialism, wide-screen movies, television, the atomic bomb, plastic surgery (the moment when Chaplin tries not to laugh to save his plastic surgery cannot but fascinate the viewer), and pop music. In general, every scene of the film shows that the director/actor felt stabbed in his heart for what the American government had done to him. I believe Chaplin’s criticism can be applicable to the modern America because of at least one reason: the witch hunt did not stop, it has just slightly transformed now – the “communists” have been replaced by the “terrorists”. Until this “terrorist” hunt persists with all ensuing violations of human liberties Chaplin’s movie will not lose its popularity among the viewers.
Market Overview TAM and SAM analysis The total available market (TAM) for the sporting facility was based on the number of sporting events that could be hosted within the facility per day. In this context, TAM was defined on the basis of the maximum number of sporting events that could be hosted within the complex per year. On a single day, the facility could support two outdoor events such as soccer and rugby and four indoor events concurrently. The total available market was, therefore, evaluated by this formula (Number of sporting events that can be supported within the facility per day*365) (Brett and Schmitz 73). Currently, the facility can support a total of six sporting events. In the second year, this number will be expected to increase to eight because two new sporting facilities will be ready for use. It is important to note that TAM estimation was based on the assumption that we can serve clients from all over the country as long as they visit Miami, where the facility is located. The saved available market (SAM) was estimated on a narrow assumption that the markets that will be served are sporting teams based within Miami and its environs. Based on the information available on the State of Florida Website, we were able to identify the maximum number of teams that could use our facilities per day. It was noted that there are two teams that could use our outdoor facilities for a maximum of four times a week and several teams that could use our indoor facilities five times a week. The formula used in determining the SAM based on this information was (Number of games per week*numbe
Introduction My school of observation was Melchi elementary school, Los Angeles, which has an intervention center for children whose performance is below average with reference to age and grade. The educator instructs the general classroom after meeting with the special needs students with delayed learning. The content taught is the same, but students who are slow to learn are given special attention to help them catch up with the rest of the students in the general classroom and at the same grade level. In addition to the usual learning with other students in the general classroom, the selected students with learning difficulties are given extra attention prior to the general classroom to enhance their understanding of content. I learned from the educator during an interview with her that these students were identified during the quarterly performance assessment. Main body During my visit to the school, I arbitrarily selected grade four students, and on this particular day, they were doing “Reading Skills.” I observed that the educator decoded information within the text to be read as a way of preparing students in advance to aid in understanding content. In addition, the educator used a multi-instructional approach and differentiated instructional approach in teaching the general classroom. For instance, visual aids were used to reinforce verbal instructions, concepts, and vocabulary. Along the way, students were engaged in cooperative learning, which entailed forming groups of five students and discussing a concept according to the instructions given by the educator. There was also the use of role-playing within the teams to enhance hands-on skills (Broderick, Heeral & Kim 195). Evidence-based supplemental instructions were used for the intervention group. The first forty minutes of this intervention class were spent on individualized instruction. During this time, the teacher specialized in the weak areas of each student, for example phonetic, vocabulary development, spelling, or reading (Vaughn para 5-8). Later on, the students were given the chance to read aloud after the teacher agreed with them that each student would read his/her own passage aloud. During the reading out loud session, the teacher developed graphic organizers and presented them to the students later when she explained the concepts derived from the content they had read. The pre-extended special class allows students to have ample time to practice reading aloud because the students have difficulty reading when placed in a general class. The teacher told me that all the special students had been assigned “reading buddies” to help them improve their reading and comm
Introduction Canada’s financial system emerged almost 20 years ago. What happened? Majority of Canadians would give much recognition to the remarkable change on the shortfall in the last 5 years. Canada finally started living within their means; created room for tax reduction; and began relying more on industrialists and less on administrators. People who track economic concerns more closely would in addition give credit to the Canadian bank’s fight against inflation, concluding with the “purging” inflation of the late1980s. Credit would in addition be granted to the extensive relaxation of commerce after adoption of the United States-Canada Free-trade Treaty in 1990, and afterwards the N. American Free-trade Treaty (Nicholson 4). Those unwilling to associate economic performance with policy would just say that rising tides lift all ships. Those rising tides comprised remarkably positive international macroeconomic events; the investment rise elicited (illogically or not) through the promising information systems; and the unusual enthusiasm of the U.S, from which Canada profits in excess of all other nations. All focused on making positive Canadian expansion unavoidable. But most of the Canadians in the association of progressed economy – particularly the affiliate nations of the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) – have not done quite good. And focusing on various aspects that are likely to be main drivers of stable financial development – for example, investment in both natural and mankind assets; novelty; the condition of local rivalry; success of money markets; elasticity of labor structures; industrial performance – people see that Canada has turn into, in most opinions, well-placed for maintaining the pace developed in the early 1990s. This report focuses on outlining the case for this assertion. The viewpoint is policy-based, as opposed to academic. While I draw on numerous references – most of which have been peer reviewed – the basic source is the OECD’s Economic Performance Plan developed at the interest of affiliate states in 1998. The report presents economic performance of Canada for the last 10 to 20 years based on the findings of the OECD’s inclusive study of the main drivers of stable economic development. This global evaluation is complemented utilizing a broad variety of Canada-based information, objectively selected as an indication of what Canadians have been performing correct (or incorrect). Generally the report is based on the domestic data and not on any particular indicator. Growth of Canada: A Historical View All through the past-war era until the beginning of the 1990s, Canada experienced a continued era of huge expansion in per capita production, bigger on average compared to that of the US. It was an era when per capita development in Canada, W. Europe, and in particular Japan, moved toward that of the U.S and joblessness levels were comparatively small. This cheerful moment came to a stop during the “energy calamity” in the late 1980s creating room for weakening development and increasing financial crisis – an international stagnation. Indications of a continued recuperatio
Education Needs Assessment Ever since the establishment of modern medicine, it has become clear that nursing education is not only vital to the effective implementation of medicinal care but also the continuous advancement of medicine as a whole (Boctor, 2013; Keating, 2014; Martel et al., 2014). In recent years, the advancement of medical technology, nursing techniques, and theories have put additional focus on nursing training. While it may seem that a new technology or technique would only improve the working environment of the hospitals by reducing negative patient outcomes and excessive paperwork, the reality might prove to be different if proper training needs are not assessed. Proper training programs should always be considered when a new element is introduced into the workflow of the hospital, not only to effectively utilize the element but also to prevent any errors that might occur from lack of training. A great number of studies have been done on the topic of nurse training, and this paper will utilize this information
Neurotransmitters are chemical substances that allow the transmission of information from the brain to the body through neurons (Carlson, 2010). In most cases, neurotransmitters are found at the axon of the neurons. According to evidence derived from empirical research, it is apparent that the human body contains millions of neurotransmitters that link the brain to the body. This chemical substance affects the physiological and physical occurrences of the body, such as mood, anxiety, sleep, appetite, aggression, and fear (Carlson, 2010). Additionally, neurotransmitters are of different kinds and thus have different effects on the postsynaptic membranes. Examples of such chemicals include epinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin. In some cases, the degeneration of neurons affects the way information is transmitted in the body. This paper explores a condition that arises due to a neurological disorder in the body. An example of a disease that results from neurological disorder is Parkinson’s disease (Carlson, 2010). This is a condition where the central nervous system degenerates, thereby leading to movement disorder. It is imperative to note that individuals affected by the disease depict several symptoms. Such symptoms include limb stiffness, trembling, impaired balance, and slowed movement. Research done indicates that the symptoms persist and worsen, thus become more pronounced in the patient’s anatomical features (Carlson, 2010). In this case, patients experience difficulties when walking, talking, and simple performing chores. There are other minor symptoms accompanied by the illness. Examples include memory loss, slow thinking, depression, speech disorder, urinary complications, and constipation. Evidence has shown that Parkinson’s disease is hereditary (Carlson, 2010). Sporadic cases reported have confirmed that the disease can occur through genetic mutation. However, out of a controversy held by scholars, it is perceived that the disease occurs due to the effect of both nature and nurture factors. Apparently, there are possible risks associated with failure to identify the cause of the disease to be neurological disorders. According to research done, ignoring the fact that Parkinson’s disease is caused by neurotransmitters disorder has put more people at risk (Carlson, 2010). Families associated with Parkinson’s cases incline on avoiding environmental toxins and ignore the genetic susceptibility. Additionally, medical practitioners are likely to provide patients with the wrong diagnosis, especially when they ignore neurological examination (Carlson, 2010). Moreover, medication given might cause a serious side effect on patients. This is due to the fact that certain medications might prolong the degeneration of the nerve cell rather than creating a remedy for the condition. In some cases, the condition migh
Introduction The Environmental Protection Agency is a body given the responsibility of coming up with legislation and procedures whose sole purpose is to protect the environment and human health. The policies target reversal of already dilapidated localities and preserving existing natural environment. All policies in place ensure that there’s Environmental sustainability i.e. the current generation uses the available environmental resources without compromising the requirements of the future generations (Vezzoli & Manzini, 2008). The agency in conjunction with partners from governmental and nongovernmental organization periodically conducts environmental assessment, research on environmental preservation, and education of the general public on the importance of environmental conservation. Mathematical concepts including, but not limited to algebra are used to design models, calculate and estimate changes in factors that that may degrade or regenerate vital components of the environment. Objective To demonstrate the use of algebraic functions- linear, constant and midpoint function- in environmental applications. Algebraic Function A function is an equation that describes a relationship between two variables – an independent and independent variable (Research and Education Association, 2004). The variables themselves represent environmental variables Linear functions Linear equations are used to obtain environmental solutions by plotting and analyzing lines representing environmental data. Thus knowing the model is sufficient to find the missing values and predict a trend or pattern. They have straight line graphs and take the form y = f(x) = a + bx; where ‘x’ in the independent variable, ’y’ dependent variable and ‘a’ and ‘b’ are constants. The notation f(x) is used to clarify which function depends on the other. Example In a nuclear radiation process, if the frequency of the outgoing radiation is known the energy of the radiation can be calculated and hence safe distance for locating radiation experimentation facilities can be determined. This follows the linear relation E= E 0 + hf where h is constant f frequency of radiation E 0 is energy due to natural radiation. The equation below is used in determining if urban drainage designs are up to standard to prevent spillage and pollution that may result from a given amount of rainfall. The runoff coefficient accounts for infiltration and other forms of rainfall losses that may occur. Q = kCiA Where: Q – peak flow m 3 /s., k – conversion factor equal to 1.008, C – dimensionless runoff coefficient, i – rainfall intensity mm/hr, A – catchment area in acres or ha. Constant function Constant functions don’t change i.e. they are fixed. They take the form of y= k; where k is a constant
Introduction People are always searching for jobs to acquire money to facilitate basic needs and other wants. This eases the employers’ ability to get employees to work in their firms. The main problem that the employers have is maintaining the morale of their employees throughout their working period. The employees need a motivating factor such as social programs and incentives that includes bonuses to the best employees. A favourable working environment is important as well. The employees require a controlled environment in which they can express their feelings of frustration, success and open-mindedness. Individual firms need an action plan that appreciates the efforts made by employees as they run the institution’s errands. Employees determine the level of success that a given firm will achieve. They deal with the customers directly and provide all services to clients on behalf of the employer. The employee links the employer with his desired goal since the employer cannot conduct all activities that will make a firm successful. Motivation means achieving self-drive to perform a given task and willingly performing it without any external force. The employee is paramount to business success or failure, thus motivating this employee should be a priority case for any management. Employers should evaluate their institutional framework and while governing i is done by the employees. A peer recognition program is essential since it allows employees to familiarize with each other. The employees learn the strengths and weaknesses of their colleagues and are able to assist one another to achieve the desired output. They also appreciate the hardworking employees by congratulating them and learning from how they achieve their success. This promotes teamwork and active employees as they compete to be the best in their field. The recognition programs should be of affordable expense to the company, and should not drift employees away from performing their duties. It should provide for systems that satisfy both the employer and employee. The employees need to have a working environment that brings them personal satisfaction and pride (Clifton, Edward and Laurie 56). Concept The employer needs to create a tranquil working environment for duty performance that will entice the employees to improve their working efforts. Well-organized businesses motivate their employees since they have clear objectives and terms of expectations. The employer’s behaviour set a pace on the way his employees behave. Dictatorship management does not allow employees to enjoy the working environment. It inhibits them from bringing out their full potential, mostly just to earn their wages. Motivation to employees occurs by attempting to solve their unrealized needs through creating a strategy that assures them of gaining. The managerial team should observe the be
The foremost aim of Steve Jobs’ speech How to Live before you Die , delivered before Stanford University’s graduates in 2005, was to motivate audience’s members to never cease exploring the full extent of their lives’ potential. As a person, who embodies the validity of an idea that a particular individual’s endowment with a strongly defined sense of ingenuity is the foremost precondition for him or her to be able to attain a social prominence, Jobs had a natural right to speak on the subject matter. This, however, was not only the reason why, judging from students’ reactions to how Jobs proceeded with making an argumentative point, his speech turned out to be a complete success. Another reason had to do with the fact that, in this particular speech, Jobs proved himself an utterly effective orator. In my paper, I will aim to substantiate the validity of this suggestion at length. One of the reasons why, throughout the course of Jobs speech’s entirety, the audience’s members never ceased paying a close attention to what he was saying, is that at the very beginning of his speech, Jobs was able to establish a strong emotional contact with the audience by proving himself a humble, easy-going and humorous individual: “Truth be told, I never graduated from college, and this is the closest I’ve ever gotten to a college graduation” (00.00.46). This, of course, points out to Jobs’ awareness of what accounts for the one of main principles of increasing the perceptional appeal of publically delivered speeches. While understanding perfectly well that the last thing he needed to do, in order to make sure that graduates would take his words seriously, was presenting himself as an authority figure of some sort, Jobs made a point in simply telling the audience three stories about his life ( Connecting the Dots, Love and Loss, About Death ), which are being self-illustrative of his argumentation’s legitimacy. In its turn, this substantially contributed to increasing the extent of Jobs speech’s intellectual appeal, because by having adopted an intellectually honest attitude towards the audience, he proved his willingness to refer to graduates as to what their graduation had turned them into – intellectually advanced and socially responsible adults. In the first part of his speech, Jobs told the story of how his life’s experiences started to mak
Introduction The Italian neorealism in cinematography is claimed to have influenced greatly the New Wave movement in French cinematography. “What seems to me most astonishing about the Italian cinema is that it appears to feel it should escape from the aesthetic impasse to which neorealism is said to have led” (Bazin 47). It is natural that the world saw changes after World War and the changes influenced every area of human life and activities. The importance of the historical impact of international conflicts can scarcely be overestimated because of the global scale of such events as wars and epidemics. The Italian neorealism and the French New Wave can be considered contemporary movements with specific techniques. The techniques of Italian neorealism can be traced to the movie Bicycle Thief (1948) directed by Vittorio De Sica. As stated in the study guide by Gareth Hedges, the movement had peculiar features: “1942-52, post-war film movement in Italy; rejects the polished Fascist aesthetic & Hollywood; classical style; open-ended ambiguity; themes: social realism, working-class, poverty; aesthetics: long-takes, documentary verisimilitude; location shooting; natural light; use of non-actors; post-dubbing (all dialogue & sound)” (Hedges 4). The same features can be found in the postwar movies directed by the brightest representatives of the French New Wave movement, suchlike Jean-Luc Godard. Comparison of Two Movies The most appropriate for comparison are two movies; the representative of the Italian neorealism is the Thief (1948) directed by Vittorio De Sica and the second one is the work of the French New Wave director Jean-Luc Godard, Breathless (1960). “The New Wave was first and foremost a cultural phenomenon, resulting from economic, political, aesthetic, and social trends that developed in the 1950s” (Neupert 3) Though the changes have touched upon every sphere of life including cinematography, this area produced a specific way to show the changes and its attitude towards the events in the world. Bicycle Thief (1948) directed by Vittorio De Sica seems to possess all distinctive features of Italian neorealism, while the Breathless (1960) by Jean-Luc Godard differs from neorealism in its Italian perspective. The latter movie can be characterized only with some features of Italian neorealism because a decade separates these two films and affects changes in the movement. The audience could see the life of the ordinary worker and his position in the society; “the choice of a