ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Athletic directors typically oversee all aspects of the sports program, including hiring coaches, planning, budget and facilities management. In addition, the athletic director has to mediate any disputes between athletes and coaches or personally between coaches. The responsibility to resolve conflicts both outside and within the ward college athletic team is one of the primary responsibilities, yet it may also cause a wide range of problems. A College of Saint Rose athletic director, Sean Baker, has been in this position for six years, and he has faced some problems. Since the athletic director is in charge of budget planning, he also allocates money for sports equipment and pays for the sports team’s participation in competitions (Mulcahy & Stewart, 2020). It is important to note that the members of the sports team can directly influence the sports director’s decisions (Gurney et al., 2017). The budget planning challenge faced by this director was that he planned to spend the team’s monthly budget on buying new equipment, and the team members wanted to spend the money on participating in competitions. To solve this problem, the director gathered the team together and held a meeting. At this meeting, he explained to the athletes that it could lead to injuries if new equipment were not purchased. After hearing the convincing arguments, the team agreed to his decision. I would have done the same in this situation, considering the director’s decision to be rational. My moral values influence the perception of the situation, and this particular decision is consistent not only with my moral values, which is why I agree with him but also with the principles of building trusted communication.
Introduction Communication is an important part of human life because it enables people to share information and express their opinions. Health care providers must have good communication skills to ensure their patients understand them properly. Patients must possess excellent communication abilities to ensure they inform health care providers about their conditions (Apker 2010). This means that effective communication is indispensable when it comes to the provision of quality health care services. This essay examines effective communication strategies in health care facilities to ensure physicians and patients understand each other. Basic Elements of Communication Message The basic elements of communication are sender, message, channel, receiver and feedback and there cannot be effective communication if any of these factors is not functioning (Allen and Brock 2012). The diagram below shows how these elements are related and their functions in promoting effective communication. The diagram shows that the sender prepares a message through a process called coding. This involves the use of verbal and nonverbal messages that are prepared by the sender. The message is put in a form that makes sense so that the receiver understands what is communicated. The receiver gets the message through a channel that may be electronic, print or oral. Communication channels are chosen depending on their availability, nature of messages, urgency and recipient (Allen and Brock 2012). The recipient decodes the message and prepares feedback. This may be answering an email, going for a medical checkup or preparing for a meeting with a physician. The feedback is sent using a channel, and the choice of this is determined by various factors. The receiver gets and decodes the message and takes appropriate action. Differences between Basic Elements of Communication and Basic Rules of HealthCare Communication Communication in the health care sector is unique because of the regulations that guide members of this profession. Health practitioners must not expose patient’s information to third parties unless under special circumstances. This means that sharing information is not permitted in health care communication. Urgency is a key issue in healthcare communication because it helps nurses to offer services on time and avoid delays (Apker 2010). Basic elements of communication do not define the objectives of messages, but the rules of health care conversations specify the intention of messages. Health care communication requires patience, compassion, diligence and precision, but this should not jeopardise the relationship between physicians and clients (Allen and Brock 2012). How Health Practitioners Can Improve Consumers’ Communication Health practitioners face challenges when seeking information from reluctant patients. This means that they cannot perform any medical operation because they do not have adequate information required to do so. However, they can overcome this by asking the right questions that will help patients to realise they are being assisted. In addition, physicians should be polite an
Introduction Metal is a category of music that developed in the late 60s. It originated from the rock and blues music (Kahn-Harris, 2007). This music is identified by fast and powerful rhythms. It also uses electric and often distorted guitar, which is regarded as an important driving force. Many styles and sub genres of metal music have emerged over the last fifty years. The metal music is still regarded as music. However, due to its bellicose sound and ‘darker’ themes such as black T-shirt and the fashion style adored by fans, head banging, the lyrical themes, and the general aloofness to popularity, the music has come to be largely considered as an evil culture. This is the case especially in conservative and authoritarian societies such as the Middle East and North Africa. Most of the musicians when interviewed defend the Heavy Metal music by saying all music is a culture. Therefore, the debate has been on which between content or theme is more salient. It is necessary to note that Metal is quite broad as a style of music, with a variety of topics being addressed in the music. Issues surrounding the culture of Heavy Metal culture Some bands are solely interested in fantasy. Other new bands that ha
The book The Age of Empire: 1875-1914 by Eric Hobsbawm gives a detailed analysis of the late 19 th century history. During the time, there were rapid changes towards the idea of imperialism. In the text, the author describes the period as important because it led to the establishment of new empires and political structures. The book also describes some of the roles played by historians and great thinkers at the time. Hobsbawm identifies two groups of historians during this period. We have some historians who looked forward for ideas and explanations in order to understand much about the present and the future (Hobsbawm 23). The other group of historians looked backward with great nostalgia. The author considers them as less optimistic and only looks backward with nostalgia. These historians only consider the events that have taken place in the past. The other group looks forward in order to foretell the events that might take place in our world. This group also examines certain thoughts such as those of religion, imperialism and capitalism thereby understanding what might take place in the coming days. These historians want to be prepared and address any issue as faced in the future (Hobsbawm 87). However, it is agreeable that the two groups of historians helped a lot towards shaping the world as it is today. Those who looked backwards with nostalgia helped conserve some ideas relating to religion, culture and traditions. I personally argue that Hobsbawm belongs to the group that is anxious about the present and the future. The author has examined the present situation as faced in the 19 th century and offered possible explanations about what would happen in the future. He examines the progression and optimism of some nations about the future. Hobsbawm belongs to the group that wants to remain prepared in the event of war and conflict. This gives the author an upper hand to understand how future political foundations might look like (Hobsbawm 78). This includes how to promote the idea of capitalism in the future days. The other important discussion is that of liberal bourgeois capitalism. In the 19 th century, capitalism became a strong force and thereby it led to the establishment of aristocracy in Europe and the West. As the aristocrats considered themselves powerful, the author addresses the issue of the bourgeois class. This class was becoming powerful day by day. They benefited from the industrial revolution and cheap labor from the peasants. As a result, the class became powerful and eventually resulted in revolutions. The liberal class overthrew the aristocrats from power through massive revolutions (Hobsbawm 98). The wave of capitalism would become stronger than ever before. The countries were now ready to become powerful than ever before. It is also acknowledgeable that the author has presented a convincing argument about the foundation of tradition. At the time when the idea o
Usefulness of mobile-based applications Geolocation is a technique that uses information obtained from mobile devices to show an individual’s physical position. This technique has become more common in social networking where people can locate the position of their friends. The other importance of mobile-based applications is that individuals can locate common places that are near their physical location. Before the introduction of mobile-based applications, several people used Google maps to locate positions. The current mobile devices have their users’ locations automatically connect (Rodger, 2012). Consequently, if an individual changes his position, the appropriate information sent or obtained will also change. The automatic changes are made possible by the presence of an inbuilt GPS chip. Through acquiring satellite data, GSP can be used to locate various areas. In areas with limited networks, the chips can also apply data from mobile phone towers to estimate the position of a mobile device. Therefore, the effectiveness of these mobile-based applications has to depend on the service available. Network availability can be affected by heavy downpours and thick cloud cover. Therefore, this prevents GPS chips from acquiring satellite signals. Mobile-based applications are more effective on a clear day or when the user is in an open area. The most important thing to consider before using the mobile-based application is their capabilities. For instance, applications that are more complicated and have huge databases are considered to be more perfect. This type of application also has its own setbacks. By giving out personal location details on social networks, an individual might be at risk of being robbed. To solve this problem, mobile-application developers have provided privacy preferences. By using these preferences, an individual is still able to acknowledge the benefits of mobile-based applications. Importance of using mobile-based application to obtain data Data has become movable, manageable, and directly obtainable with the advancement of cloud computing. Additionally, people’s lives have also been made moveable with the introduction of mobile technology. Mobile-based applications provide an individual with portable working practices. Customers can make payments through their mobile phones hence it helps save time. Organizations using these applications can provide quality services to their customers. Therefore, this does not only improve their efficiency but also supports decision making. Using mobile phones, clients can access their payment centers and make various transactions at their comfort (Al-Hakim, 2007). Moreover, they can evaluate their transactions, share pictures, and check emails using their cell phones. The possibilities do not have any limit. Senior managers can still carry out their duties while on a trip. The other importance of using mobile-based application to obtain data is that it is cost-effective. For instan
Introduction Culture basically refers to people ways of life. Culture is made up of beliefs, values, attitudes, norms and cognitive mapping which guide people’s life. Various beliefs make up a belief system which forms the basis of religion in a society. Religion in general helps us understand phenomena’s and issues that are beyond our human comprehension. It gives us a path for communicating with the supernatural world. Religion is a critical part of the complex whole and it should be treated with utmost respect because if it fails, the society suffers a lot. Since culture is dynamic it is bound to change in order to enhance the survival of the society. Religion of the people has also to change in tandem with the changes that are taking place in the larger culture. These changes in New England around 1650 brought about a rise of Puritan culture which denotes a religious movement. A Puritan is a member of a religious group who is advocating for purity in religious matter. In addition, Puritan is derived from the word ‘purity’ meaning that the aspect of pollution is categorically removed. Puritan calls for purity during worship as well as strict adherence to the doctrine. Thus this essay is going to look at young men daily activities in New England around 1650 which revolves around the religious teachings. Various religious teachings will also be highlighted in the discussion in order to bring out the bigger picture of the Puritan’s culture. Discussion As I have indicated earlier on Puritans are very religious and since they are Christian their life is dependent on the teachings contained in the bible. Thus it would be in place to point out that the basic premise of Puritanism is that God is supreme and is in control of all human affairs, especially in the church and this control and power is outlined in the bible. Therefore all members of the community must adhere to the teachings of God as they are depicted in the wholly book. (“Context”, 2008, para.9) confirms this by asserting that ‘knowledge of the scriptures and divinity, for the Puritans, was essential. This was a strong attitude that characterized the Puritans’ entry into New England from Europe. The scriptures dictated Puritan cultural values and norms therefore defining the roles that men and women were supposed to carry out in the society. Since young men have not yet established their families they are supposed to adhere to their parents command. Thus they are mostly engaged in duties which are assigned to them by parents. Family commitment is very vital among the Puritan making it crucial for the parents as well as young men to work hard in the fields as well as in formal employment in order to raise enough resources which enhances the well being of the family at large. On Sundays young men are expected to be in church worshiping as well as participating in other activities that are taking place in the church. This is in line with the biblical teaching on the Sabbath day. The bible teaches that the Sabbath day should be honored and respected and people should not work on this day. Instead people are expected to go to ch
The question of where adolescents belong is somehow complex given that they have outgrown the need for continuous parental care, while on the other hand, they are not yet ready for sharing adult responsibilities. In addition, they don’t want to be dependent on their parents, but they are unable to take part in the interdependent system of adulthood. They rebel against childhood dependence; but before they reach interdependence, they crave independence and tend to be rebellious. Generally, the change from childhood to adulthood tends to be not smooth and is always a disharmonious process of biological maturation that is usually influenced by socio-cultural factors (Wolman, 1998, p. 5). Adolescence is one of the most profound biological and social transitions in the lifespan. Usually, it begins with subtle changes in brain-neuroendocrine processes, hormone concentrations, and physical morphological characteristics and culminates in reproductive maturity (Lerner and Steinberg, 2004, p.15). Adolescence as a social construction is more complex as a concept and entails definitional vagueness regarding the beginning and the ending of adolescence, for example, social-role passages into new reference groups, perceptions of the body, self and sexual image; and expectations for independent and mature behavior. Adolescence as an integrated biological and social construction has intrigued scholars, artists, parents, and adolescents alike for centuries and cultures have ritualized adolescence to varying degrees. The biological changes of adolescence are universal, but the timing and social significance of these changes vary across historical times and cultures. All adolescents undergo biological and psychological changes determined by the glands of inner secretion and other factors, but not all adolescents undergo the same physical and mental changes (Lerner and Steinberg, 2004, p.15). Universally, adolescence is seen as a period of storm and stress, than at other ages. Adolescents are prone to greater extremes of mood and more frequent changes in mood than younger or older individuals. Generally, in many cultures around the world, adolescence is characterized by a tendency of conflicts with parents to increase in frequency and intensity and also rates of risk behaviors, such as drinking, smoking, and sexual activities increasing (Micucci, 2009, p. 12). Therefore, adolescence can be seen to be characterized by emotional upheavals and extensive stress and turmoil: exaggerated emotional swings from being exuberant and euphoric to suddenly becoming indifferent or melancholy. Universally, adolescence is characterized by biological changes that include endocrinological changes, physical growth, increase in body weight, which all adolescence across cultures share. According to Levine (2004, p. 1), we should not focus on our mortality and how to
Introduction Saudi Arabia is the world’s largest crude exporter with several million barrels of oil being sold on a yearly basis to a variety of international clients through a mostly government controlled oil sector. As a result, it is considered one of the richest countries in the world with an estimated $400 billion coming into the country from the oil industry alone. Yet, despite such wealth nearly 60% of the country’s population lives below the poverty line based on the latest statistics. Despite having a reputation for extravagance as evidenced by its numerous upscale malls, massive high rises and a proliferation of luxury cars, the fact remains that there has been little head way by the government in helping worker class citizens elevate the quality of life that they are currently experiencing. The main problem as stated by studies such as KAYED & HASSAN, (2010) is that access to capital for business ventures is increasingly being isolated to a few select groups within the urban elite and, as such, this has in effect excluded the poor resulting in them being unable to raise themselves up from poverty through entrepreneurship (KAYED & HASSAN, 2010). It is based on this that what will be analyzed are the various methods of capital access available to the urban poor within Saudi Arabia and the inherent difficulties associated with the process of obtaining sufficient funds to start a profitable business venture. It is expected that through the various facts and arguments presented in this paper. the reason behind the high poverty rate within Saudi Arabia despite its oil wealth as compared to its neighbors will become clear and should act as the basis behind an assessment that would create effective suggestions as to how the government within the country can best respond to the financial opportunities that need to be put in place in order to help the urban and rural poor within Saudi Arabia. Background of the Study Within the study of KAYED & HASSAN (2010), it was explained that in most market economies small to medium scale enterprises (SMEs) ma
The debates on the topic of the existence of free will have been held by people for centuries. Yet, nowadays, there is still a lack of unity among philosophers, who usually tend to support one of three main ideas, hard determinism, soft determinism, and libertarianism. The first one constitutes a belief that there is no free will in nature and that all of the actions are already predetermined. In other words, there is always only one possible scenario for the future which will occur in reality. The second approach, soft determinism, attempts to reconcile the ideas of determinism and free will, which at first glance seem completely different. According to this perspective, a person can have multiple options for actions, but all of them are predetermined by the past (Huemer, 2016). Moreover, despite the fact that the person can do any of the actions, the past events eventually influence his decision to choose only one of the options. Finally, the libertarian view on free will implies that the latter exists and it excludes the possibility of determinism. I think that this approach is most relevant and ultimately the true one because it clearly articulates the idea that reality can change depending on a particular choice made by people. It postulates that every moment when a person has to make a choice, they become aware of their freedom since they realize that they control the situation at hand. Libertarianism disproves the view of hard determinism since the latter does not have any evidence of the fact that all events are predetermined and simply rests on the idea that free will is an illusion. Thus, it makes it possible to adhere to libertarianism since it offers a sense of freedom of choice as its evidence. Similarly, soft determinism contradicts libertarianism because it assumes that actions can be both free and caused, which is incompatible with the idea of the sense of freedom of choice. Reference Huemer, M. (2016). Free will and determinism in the world of minority report. In S. Schneider (Ed.), Science fiction and philosophy: From time travel to superintelligence (2 nd ed.) (pp. 104–113). John Wiley & Sons.