ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Strategic management is an approach to management that deals with diverse and distinct initiatives. These initiatives are taken by the management on behalf of shareholders to ensure that resources are properly utilized. In the long run, the organization will be able to perform well in its business undertakings (Ohmae, 1982, p. 17). It is done by outlining an organizations goals, vision, mission and objectives. This develops plans and policies that will be used to achieve specific goals and objectives through effective and efficient allocation of resources. Evaluation of an organizations performance is carried out through a good and balanced score card. Stakeholders’ expectations should also be considered for sustainability. In a broad perspective, strategic management is an involving activity that sets goals and business tactics (Ohmae, 1982, p. 19). As a matter of fact, it provides the overall direction that an organization is expected to take for success. Strategic management can be used to enhance consistency in operations. This consistency will only be realized if organizational actions are executed as per the company’s expectations. In addition, strategic management will be defined by an organizations culture. This means that all stakeholders are supposed to be involved for efficiency. In this case, it should be an ongoing process that will control a given company’s operations (Juran, 1982, p. 23). Background Strategic management sets good strategies that can be used to asses various competitors. These strategies are later on reassessed to know if they have been successful as per the company’s expectations. There are various strategies that might need replacements to meet changes in the business environment (Juran, 1982, p. 28). This can be the economic and political environment, new technology and new competitors. There are various approaches to strategic management depending on a company’s culture. The basic model of strategic management is the pattern that is used in strategic management (Traverso, 2000, p. 14). Companies are therefore free to choose a model that will work out for them depending on their organizational culture. It should also be known that there is no strategic management plan that can always be perfect. This allows companies to design their own strategic planning models. This should be done by frequently choosing models and then transforming them to suit an organizations expectation. Strategic management entails a calculated process in which the management of an organization intends to realize a strategy worth of implementation. This is done as per the organizations goals and objectives (Traverso, 2000, p. 34). In this case, there are steps that are supposed to be followed. For instance, the management should look at the company’s mission and objectives. This will enable them to settle on a good situation analysis thereby formulating effective strategies (Ohmae, 1982, p.
Buying airline tickets via the Internet is beneficial for customers in terms of money and time. In order to avoid price wars and ensure high competitiveness, airline companies should offer greater flexibility and introduce more flights to different destinations. In addition, the challenge of fixed costs can be eliminated in case airlines increase the load factor and raise revenues for passengers. Finally, availability of the Internet should also be considered. For instance, the airlines can increase sales online by about 10 % to meet the competition.
Introduction The book Budha of Surbabia is a real life memoir of experiences that every human endures whenever they go to a new location and want to be expected by the aboriginal people of that particular society. The plot attests at how people undergo a sort of rite of passage in order to be accepted by society, the rite exemplifies itself as a formal admission to a certain way of life of a community in question. Nonetheless, the contemporary society has by a very great scope changed due to civilization, globalization and its cause-effects and the implications of liberal democracies. Blending of cultures is one poignant and overly delicate topic in the British society, and has been met by a lot of skepticism and political criticism. 1 The British premier Mr. David Cameron once reiterated the need for British to espouse a national identify to avert extremism. This cautious topic was directed at multiculturalism, the premier espoused the notion that different cultures to live separately as opposed to together. Multiculturalism had the impetus of having a society that bears people of different cultures, races creed and ultimately different background. Hanif Kureishi depicts it as reflects the homogeneity of the “English skin’ through a post colonial perspective. It is furthermore about the ever-changing senses of class, cultural interruption making Karim a typical protagonist stressing how culture and particular race affect class Karim depict himself as a born and bred Englishman. 2 Without a doubt, both the immigrants and the host society have their own frame of mind and personal convictions with respects to multicultural and initiation issues and for them to reinstate equality amid these two social factions, there have been many attempts of tracing, retaining and even replanting ones roots. It catches one’s attention that across all cultures, there seems to be an urge to closely guard what they define as their cultures and practices, at times going to great lengths to trace their roots of origin. Albeit, it can be often annotated that Karim’s cognizance of the ‘Englishness’ can be termed as eccentric as critics such as Helberg have asseted of his infamous detachment about his ethnic upbringing. Nevertheless it could be contended that whereas Karim distinguishes his Indian individuality as a personality advantage to be created at will, the author expresses that ethnicity is not just something which can be effortlessly
Logic and language are different although in many cases they have some relation to each other. Logic is learning about ways of reasoning and argumentation, both appropriate and inappropriate. Language entails how our language relates to our judgment. Many intellectuals believe that it is important to understand them to achieve solid interpretation, coherent judgment, and consistent communication. Logic helps an individual understand means of thinking and interpretation in various studies. It helps individuals have the power to develop their own ideas and evaluate or analyze the ideas of other people. Studying logic helps eliminate many errors that occur in arguments and ideas portrayed by others so that one can formulate their ideas well. (Fierke, 2002) Logic is defined as the study of the ideologies of accurate reasoning. Logic allows individuals to understand the guidelines overriding the validity of arguments. In this case, one tries to understand whether various deductions are a result of specified assumptions. In this case, if a deduction is true then it follows that the assumption will be true. It’s also important to note that logic is non-contingent in that it does not depend on any unintended characteristics of the globe. This can be illustrated in the example where physicists tell us that no signal moves faster than the speed of light. This means that if the laws of physics were different then this would probably have been false. This implies that the laws of physics are dependent on the fact that they could have been otherwise. However, logic results from using reasoning alone, and its validity are independent of any worldly characteristics. For instance, logically concludes that
Introduction As bullying remains one of the most important concerns in public schools, many children have problems with socializing, studying, and developing correctly. To eliminate the given issue, a number of educators initiated the creation of various bullying prevention programs. The humiliation of students is an open-ended problem all over the United States of America at the moment as stronger children who adversely impact their peers cannot always be controlled while they are in schools (Bradshaw, Koth, Bevans, Ialongo, & Leaf, 2008). Moreover, the problem is critical because many children hesitate to be active due to the fear of becoming objects of violence. The future of education posed by the identified open-ended issue might not be as effective as if it was prevented. It appears that children do not develop certain qualities in their characters important for successful study processes. Predominately, young men who have more strength and physical power than their weaker classmates dare to make them complete all the homework for them for free. Otherwise, the more powerful students might abuse their mates physically or morally. Unfortunately, teenagers might also offend other children by demonstrating and accenting their weaknesses, body or health defects, and personal qualities that make them feel uncomfortable (Bradshaw et al., 2008). If the tremendous problem of bullying will proliferate in the future, the entire educational system might lose its efficiency regarding both psychological and social work with adolescents. Some teachers and professors claim that their students cannot show their potential in their hobbies due to the limitations they experience because of bullies around them. The following paper is intended to explain, discuss, and identify how bullying prevention programs decrease the violence and abuse among students and how this factor can affect the future of education in the country. Open-Ended Problem The five aspects listed below influence the open-ended problem identified in the previous section:   * Teachers and standards. Educators in public schools do not pay much attention to relationships among their students. Unfortunately, this factor causes a plethora of misunderstandings among adolescents. Therefore, teachers are recommended not to focus only on the educational process, but support their class attendants emotionally and help them to solve their problems with peers or other unfortunate events in their everyday lives. Indeed, the majority of students do not want their teachers to pay extra attention to them as they do not like to discuss what makes them ashamed (Coloroso, 2008). Nevertheless, educators must find all possible ways to improve the friendly atmosphere among the learners. Otherwise, teenagers cannot study appropriately due to the violations of the
Edgar Allan Poe’s remarkable work “The Tell-Tale Heart” is widely known by the scholars of the literary society. The specific topic of this short story can be discussed from various points of view, but it is clear that Poe was able to create an impactful work. The main arguments towards the development of the contemporary short story will be discussed in this essay, and the similarities between these visions and the statements in “The Tell-Tale Heart” will be described. Artists’ expectations of future changes in the poetic expressions are often insightful in their nature. As such, Edgar Poe presents his understanding of the short stories’ advancements in the essay “The Tale and Its Effect” (Poe, 1842). One of the main arguments provided regards the format of these works, stating that demand has risen for the brief prose tales (Poe, 1842). Such writing is seen as more favorable for the audience, as they possess higher integrity and immersion (Poe, 1842). In my opinion, it is an exceptionally valid statement, as the conciseness of the work allows the reader to focus on the narrative entirely. Longer novels are usually intended to be read in more than one sitting, which is more troublesome and requires additional motivation. The story “The Tell-Tale Heart” is a magnificent example of Poe’s visions. The narrative of this work is clear and concise, and each action is presented in a way that is understandable but not too descriptive. The beginning of the story is short and engaging, advancing strictly to the main events (Poe, 1998). The author does not stall to provide any additional explanations on the antagonist or the old man, but the narrative is still grasping the reader’s attention. However, the author’s description of dialogue with the policemen and the main character is a little prolonged, failing to achieve the overall goal of brevity. The sound that the man hears after the officer’s arrival is discussed very thoroughly, as well as the hero’s thoughts. In conclusion, Poe’s work on “The Tell-Tale Heart” can be called exemplary. The overall sense of anxiety and curiosity captivates the reader from the very start. The writer presents the story in a quick, hurrying manner, which does not let the audience divert their attention elsewhere. The events are described masterfully, with enough detail, and the antagonist’s descent into insanity is incredibly dark and alluring.
Global Positioning System (GPS) is a new satellite-based technology used to track and reveal important information about direction, speed and location of an object in question. The GPS technology is mostly used in the law enforcement operations where it is aimed at locating criminals and enforcing the fundamental traffic rules (Leick, 2004). Types of GPS technology GPS tracking technology The technology uses a GPS tracking device that has a radio receiver, which continuously update the target’s location in real time via a communication link. For this reason, it is ideal for law enforcement activities Emergency GPS technology GPS technology is used enormously in navigation purposes by the ships and aircrafts. The emergency GPS devices have maps and other navigational features that enable reporting in the event of emergencies. GPS Navigation technology Navigation technology uses a GPS receiver and internal road database, which provides the user with a clear view of the surrounding in real time (Snow, 2007). Drivers who are not conversant with a given place can benefit from the technology. Hand-held GPS technology This is the commonly used technology, which operates on a hand-held device. It is popular with outdoor enthusiasts and hikers who often travel to remote and terrain areas. The technology enables the users to develop a virtual flags that can be used to trace back their locations whenever they are lost. Use in law enforcement The use of GPS technology in law enforcement has minimized criminal activities and enhanced the law compliance. The adoption the GPS technology eliminated petty mistakes especially in the transport industry that would go unnoticed though their occurrences were fatal (Leick, 2004). There have been cases of hate speeches and threats send through cell phones by organized gangs to intimidate their victims in order to follow their instructions though cell phone communications. These cell phones have GPS capabilities, which are helpful for the police to track and locate the gang without being noticed (Snow, 2007). Positives and negatives of technology Military Success Just like internet, GPS technology was a military creation but it has become a civilian approach to monitor activities. The U.S. forces were able to navigate through the desert during Gulf war with ease and at the same hitting the targets unnoticed. Business growth With the growing business competition,
Almost all people around the whole world dream of success in the context of their career development. They are eager to become top specialists in their field, whose opinion appears to be highly respected, and earn significant sums of money. However, this dream may appear to be a living nightmare for some individuals. Achieving high results and fulfilling audacious ambitions may not only lead a person to success, but also ruin his or her life. Some people become extremely self-confident in their abilities and skills, which prevents them from perceiving reality rationally. Their delight in themselves may result in irreversible mistakes, which may dash their achievements, and this behavior is titled hubris syndrome. An illustrative example for this thesis could be the 1920 Farrow’s bank failure. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze this case, its reasons, and its outcomes. At first glance, the success of Farrow’s Bank was overwhelming. According to Hollow (2014), “by 1913, the Bank’s nominal capital had been increased to £1,000,000, and shareholders were receiving regular dividends of upwards of 6%” (p. 6). However, during the negotiations with an investment firm Norton, Read & Co, it was revealed that the profit indicators appeared to be fraudulent (Hollow, 2014). The partner William Albert Read insisted on checking the financial situation of the company by two accountants, who found that the Bank’s reports did not match reality (Hollow, 2014). Moreover, a budget deficiency was reported and estimated approximately to £2,685,757 (Hollow, 2014). Therefore, Farrow feared breaking the image of an overwhelmingly successful company and attempted to conceal losses and failures. First of all, this behavioral pattern may be considered to be the result of managerial hubris. It should also be mentioned that deception was an integral part of the company operation, and the staff members were involved in it as well. Consequently, it is evident that Farrow’s managerial hubris was supported by his employees, who contributed to maintaining the image of a successful company. For this reason, they demonstrated a disrespectful attitude to the standards and requirements of booking practice. Hollow (2014) claims: “The most striking example in this respect was the revelation that, from 1908 until 1917, Farrow had left the job of auditing the balance sheets solely in the hands of the Bank’s own Chief Accountant, George Hart” (p. 8). It is apparent that such an attitude had a considerable impact on the business environment. As Eckhaus & Sheaffer (2018) state, Farrow had a number of qualities and behavioral patterns, which present the signs of hubris syndrome. For instance, he was inadequately concerned about his self-image, and driven by this trait, he did not consider regulations at all (Hollow, 2014; Eckhaus & Sheaffer, 2018). In addition, the company head was detached from reality to some extent (Hollow, 2014; Eckhaus & Sheaffer, 2018). These qualities shaped his decision-making process considerably, which prevented him from elaborating solutions relevant and beneficial for his business in the long run (Hollow, 2014). Furthermore, his b
Abstract Correction is a very vital component of the criminal justice system. Without a correction system, it is possible for individuals to commit crimes repeatedly with no fear of punishment. Correctional facilities are thus needed to guarantee the safety of members of the public. This paper provides a description of punishment models and alternative correction strategies. The models of punishment identified are associated with justifications for correction. The punishment models include retribution, rehabilitation, deterrence, and incapacitation. Community correction has been identified as one of the alternatives to correction by the criminal justice system. Introduction For every society to function effectively, it is imperative to have a well-managed correctional system. Time and again, people tend to go against the law. Correctional facilities are thus needed to enforce law and order. This paper presents various aspects of correction. The issues to be discussed include models of punishment and correctional alternatives as well as probation, parole, and revocation process. In addition, the paper also looks at contemporary issues in corrections. Different Models of Punishment and Correctional Alternatives Generally, punishment is used to control the behavior of individuals living in a given society. According to Muhlhausen (2010), there are four reasons to justify the need for punishment and these closely relate to the models of punishment. One of the models used by correctional facilities is deterrence. The idea behind this model of punishment is to ensure discourage members of the community from being involved in criminal activities. Incapacitation is the other model of punishment and one that focuses on lowering a person’s ability to commit a crime. To a large extent, incapacitation has to do with subjecting offenders to unbearable confinement conditions that serve as a means to prevent wrongdoing. The other model of punishment is retribution (Muhlhausen, 2010). Based on this model, the punishment given to an offender must correspond to his or her crime. Allegedly, retribution is the oldest punishment model used in the correction process. The fourth punishment model is rehabilitation. The principal role of rehabilitation is to help an offender to reform and become useful to the community he or she belongs to. Drawing from a study by Albers (2006), the increase in the number of crimina
Introduction Besides his name, Toni was a guy with a curly hair and well-sculptured body and thus, was considered to be a half-bred. During his time of birth, many children born at that time were half American. However, Toni’s parents were pure Japanese. His father, Shozaburo Takitani, was a successful jazz trombonist, but a few years before the war he was forced to flee Tokyo because of a trouble involving a woman. He went to China where he performed his trombone in Shanghai night clubs as he struggled to make the ends meet (Rubin 1). Toni’s father was a man with simple life and with no ambition at all. All he cared about was a three course meal and a few women around. He was at the same time reserved and arrogant. Though he was extremely egotistical, he treated people around him with a lot of kindness and good feeling, which is the reason why many people liked him. While in China, Shozaburo Takitani slept with many women than he could count ranging from people’s wives, prostitutes, beautiful young girls among others. His musical talent plus his sexual life made him a celebrity in Shanghai (Dargis 1). As a res
Introduction The advertising or ad campaign that will be focused on in this essay will be for Ford Motors and its ad campaign for its F Series pickup trucks. Ford Motor Company is an American multinational automaker that has its headquarters in Michigan, USA. The founder of the company, Henry Ford established Ford Motor Company in 1903 by introducing car brands such as the Ford Lincoln and the Mercury car brands. These brands catapulted the company to be the second largest car automaker in the United States and the fourth largest in the world with regards to car sales after Volkswagen in Germany. The company has focused most of its car making activities in the manufacture of trucks, sports utility vehicles and sedans. Some of the most common Ford car models include the Ford Taurus, Ford Mondeo, Ford Explorer and Ford Expedition (NY Times 2010). Ford’s advertising Campaign One advertising campaign for the company involved an investment of $100 million on its ad campaign for the Ford F-150 pickup truck which made its debut in 2003. The Ford F-150 pickup has been described by many automakers and car industry analysts to be the most popular variant of the car manufacturer’s F-Series pickup models. The F-150 was the best selling vehicle in the United States for over 24 years since the company was in operation which led financial analysts to estimate that the sale of F-Series pickup models accounted for half of Ford Motor Company’s profits. The popularity of the F-Series and especially the F-150 has been as a result of the company’s extensive marketing campaigns and advertising activities which have continued to relay the improvements of the company’s F-Series trucks to the pickup and truck market in the United States (Ford.com 2010). The $100 million was used to produce over 30 commercials and print ads to market the F-150 truck to car buyers of trucks in the American market. The extensive use of the many ads and commercials was meant to ensure that the Ford pickup remained the number one top selling full-size pickup in the American market. The company decided to divide its advertising campaign into two phases where phase I was referred to as the Tease Campaign and phase II was known as Earned the Righ