ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
This paper intends to discuss the similarities and differences of two different styles of pieces. The first one is Jean-Auguste Dominiques Ingres’s, Grand Odalisque, and the second piece is, Henri Matisse’s, The Woman with a Hat. The discussion will show the emergence of exotic cultures’ influences, similarities and course the painters’ similarities on different eras of time [1] . Even though, there are six to seven decades in between these artists’ working eras, their styles of redirecting the art education towards new limits, are familiar. Both artists’ pieces are influenced by the near East exoticism; to be more specific, Matisse’s, The Woman with a Hat, was painted in south France, when at the time, traveling between continents started to become a more efficient possibility, resulting in increased numbers of different cultures emerging from human trade and ending up in south France. This was enough cause for Matisse to get influenced and experiment with the wild colors and exotic appeal of the idea of the East even he never left Europe to see the North Africa nor its wide palette of cultural connections made available on his time [2] . On the other hand, Ingres Grand Odalisque’s cause of birth was more politically involved under Napoleon’s leadership. With the help of the new technologies helping human kind to travel through oceans more efficiently, through the early stages of industrialism, and of course Napoleon’s unstoppable urge to walk towards the East, brought in a forbidden curiosity to the neoclassical art world’s newly trained artists to take a step beyond from what was thought to them. Napoleon’s sister, Queen Caroline Murat, commissioned the piece in 1814 for which Ingres never get paid for, because of the collapse of the Murat regime in 1815 on Ottoman ground; by the end of the Napoleon’s dynasty, he ended up in Rome (Krén 1) where he belonged because of his —. The primitive state of the East, with its savagery of women being held in Harem’s, exploited and available, was a clear sign of a fallen empire already (Krén 2). Even though, the idea of Harem was not accepted at all on Europe, it sure exhilarated the French artists, enough to start a new movement called, romanticism in its essence with sincerity and need of new exotic visual tastes. Jean-Auguste’s Odalisque caused serious amount of criticism because of the style mixes of neoclassicism with new unorthodox romantic themes (Grande Odalisque 1). Imaginary world of romantic love, freedom of thought, individualism and self-expressionism was everything the Ingres chose instead of an accepted single style of academic art thought and imposed on class teachings (Wright1). As the best student of Jacques-Louis David’s, Ingres refused the foundation of an orthodox teaching of arts at an early age. Instead, he focused his self-educatory behavior on the original Greek and Roman art [3] . The initial response towards the piece was the close and brutal examination of the women’s body’s proportions and the lack of realism on anatomical level (Grande Odalisque 2). Ingres was not aware however, that in a year, Manet’s Olympia
Media is a popular source of information to every demographic group in the United States and globally. Technology and high literacy levels have created a conducive atmosphere for media companies to grow and disseminate content. Mass media organizations and social media have become the main source of analyzing global details or facts and distributing them. Currently, an incident in one part of a community can reach most of the global population in hours. George Floyd’s death was played or announced in almost every media outlet worldwide in one day. The news became viral in hours resulting in a public outcry in several towns and cities. High media literacy levels have made it possible for Media outlets to play an important role in transmitting the information. The global literacy level was low at the beginning of the 20th century but has increased with more emphasis on education. The print media being the main source of information then, it was a challenge as a few individuals could read the information. The current level of educated people in the population has made it possible for any content to be analyzed and absorbed with ease. Media literacy is the public’s ability to access, decode, evaluate and transmit a message from media (Yildiz & Keengwe, 2016). The current society will easily understand knowledge from print, digital, television, radio or social media. The digital age has made knowledge to be available at the click of a button. Technology has created a global community where information is shared easily and efficiently. Floyd’s death revealed how the current global community is technologically connected. The victim was stopped by police and arrested for a crime he committed.
Abstract The workforce in the United States will be influenced by demographic trend in the next 10 to 15 years to come. Sound formulation of policies in regard to labor will need a concise understanding of how this force will advance and affect the magnitude and composition of labor, texture of workplace and reimbursement structures given by employers. This paper is divided into two parts; the first part identifies one trend as presented by Karoly and Panis and how this trend will shape the world of work in the next decade. The introduction of e-government has revolutionalised organizations to restructure its organizations; this has lead to emergence of public and private e-commerce. The second part of the paper compares public and private e-government/ecommerce. It further selects a state, one websites and explores how e-commerce is practiced. And finally the paper concludes by providing an overview of the paper. Demographic trend Democratic trend will be a major determining factor among other trends in affecting the labor force in the next decade (Karoly & Panis, 2004, p.1). This is due to a variety of factors: Uneven demographic patterns Shift in demographic will influence the extent and concerto of the workforce. The magnitude and composition of people in addition to labor trend involvement rate verify the figure and structure of the population who want to toil. Demographic bound has been a factor in influencing the utilization trend of the people hence blend of goods and services fashioned and the labor needed to produce these products (Karoly & Panis, 2004, p.14). These factors are continuing to evolve and moreover, perpetuating recent forces that suggest alteration from the past. Workforce Composition The effects of workforce composition will continue to alter. This will majorly reflect “demographic changes” that has been witnessed for quite some time. The United States population and workforce is affected by old age, although older population brings vigor to the labor force than younger population but to a larger extend they are not actively part of workforce and are mainly beneficiaries of programs such as Medicare and social security. The older people therefore inflict bigger support costs per working individual (Karoly & Panis, 2004, p.15). Importance of Skilled workers The need for skilled workers will be the main goal for future workforce. The skills that potential workers will encompass in a new assignment will be a necessity. The intense and rapid track of technological transformation is anticipated to thrust the need of extremely trained workers who ca
Title The title of this study, “Exploration of Clinical Nurses’ Perception of Spirituality and Spiritual Care,” clearly identifies the general idea under investigation. Although the authors gave their study a short title of just ten words, readers can easily tell what the study entails. The title also gives information identifying the qualifications of the authors of this study. The information given in the title identifies Wu Li-Fen as a Registered Nurse (RN), a PhD holder and an Associate Professor at the Department of Nursing; National Taichung Nursing College. On the other hand, the information provided recognizes Lih-Ying Li as a Registered Nurse (RN) who holds a Masters degree in Nursing and a director of the Department of Nursing at Taichung Veterans General Hospital. Abstract The abstract of this study gives the readers a clear and concise summery of the study. The abstract gives the background information, purpose of study, methods used, results and the conclusion/implications of the study. The abstract illustrates to the readers the need for this study, the problem statement, the research design, an overview of the results and the implications of the study. The abstract also included key words which can be essential for others who need to find more about the research through computerized search Problem The study does not clearly indicate the problem statement. The problem statement is however implied. The authors clearly indicate the purpose of their research, “to investigate the role played by demographic characteristics of nurses in determining perception differences of spirituality and spiritual care” (Wu & Lin, 2011).The significance of the purpose of the study can be traced from the background information. The researchers reaffirm Nightingale’s point of view. They agree with her idea that the patients’ health can be enhanced if nurses realize the psychological and spiritual needs of their patients. It also acknowledges the contribution of Chan’s study (2010) that seconds Nightingale’s call. The authors also indicate the significance of their study by showing concern regarding the limited number of studies conducted on this topic so far. The project appears to be significant because it aimed at revealing the perception of nurses’ on spiritual matters; and the significance of this issue in relation to their nursing profession. The project does not appear feasible because of the limitations inherent in the study. The authors however affirm their topic is researchable by citing several other studies. Literature Review and Theoretical framework The literature provided by the authors relied on both ancient and current sources Most of the references were secondary sources. The references are pertinent and representative of the issues under investigation. The authors util
Introduction In all aspects of social life, conflicts are bound to occur. These conflicts are normal and may, in fact, contribute to the health of the community. However, the positive contribution of conflicts greatly hinges on the conflict resolution schemes which are employed. As such, it is imperative that the people involved in the conflict resolve the issues constructively. Key to the constructive resolution of conflicts is the use of negotiation tactics and strategies in the mediation process. Stitt (2004, p.25) defines mediation as simply the act of facilitating negotiation activities so as to help the disputants overcome the various obstacles in the negotiation process and therefore get to an agreement. In this paper, a review of a conflict between a church and the neighborhood shall be made. The paper shall reinforce the claim that the skill of the mediator is crucial to the success of any mediation process. A brief description of what the negotiation and mediation process entails shall be provided. An overview of the conflict in this particular case shall then follow with the major parties involved being identified. A step by step analysis of the negotiation and mediation process shall then be provided so as to highlight the significance of the mediator’s skills in arriving at an agreement that suits parties across both sides of the divide. Mediation and Negotiation; a brief overview Negotiation and mediation are termed as procedures that are utilized in dealing with opposing preferences (Carnevale & Pruitt 1992, p.532). Negotiation involves the discussion between the opposing parties with the aim of reaching an agreement. Meditation, on the other hand, is a form of negotiation involving the presence of one or more outsiders. In the negotiation process, the parties in question may ch
Henry Moore and Krishna Reddy are the two artists who faced quite a changing era in the art industry. The intense artistic alteration that began before 1920 emancipated the work of masters of almost all movements. Many outstanding sculptors of the XX century continued to create images of people, but they were no longer afraid to distort or simplify the forms to achieve an emotional effect. Since the late 1950s, a gradual recognition of modernist sculpture, and new ideas and materials have lost their shocking novelty (Rose 90). The creation of abstract metal designs, frequently assembled from individual parts rather than whole-piece caught the attention of many art lovers. From this perspective, it was curious to investigate how the new and much freer expression of thought enabled artists to reveal their perception through technique. The Artist Project allowed analyzing the way Moore and Reddy, the two artists that shared much in common, remained unique in their ways of reflecting their worldview. Krishna Reddy dwelled upon the artworks Reclining Figure, No. 4 , and Reclining Nude . Before reflecting on his perceptions, it is essential to note that the artist studied sculpture with the author of these two artworks in England (“Krishna Reddy” par. 2). Thus, it was of particular interest to evaluate how the two individuals perceived the importance of such domains like technique, background, and material. Both of them affirmed that sculpture was their true passion and Reddy claimed that Moore’s artworks were true life and movement. Nevertheless, the two artists brought different meanings to their works. For instance, Krishna reflected on the themes that were concerned with the emotional periods of the life of his family. As he claimed in the Artist Project “if we can express ourselves genuinely, it touches: it is universal” ( Krishna Reddy on Henry Moore ). In the same manner, Moore tried to create a concept not of a single piece of art but of something that carried a deeply personal message that would be close to almost any human. Reddy believes that it is of particular interest how a sculptor treats and perceives materials. For that reason, he stressed out that Moore was capable of bringing life and movement into his sculptures. Interestingly enough, Reddy is a printmaker as well, and it has always been one of the most crucial areas of his art. In one of the interviews, Reddy was told to be among those unique artists who “treat the plate as a sculpted surface, and intaglio printing as a three-dimensional process” (Anand par. 12). In the same manner, he commented on the Reclining Figure, No. 4 indicating that the figure was not only a form but also a holistic representati
Introduction A flood of hormones. The brain store structural changes. Is this what makes adolescence exciting and exasperating? Five young men enter a waiting room in the National Institute of Health center in Bethesda. They take their seats in a classic collapsed -teenager mode, that is trailing backpacks, CD players, and laptops with computer games. It’s mid-afternoon and they should be tired but their presence changes the atmosphere of the institution. The two sets of twins Corey and Skyler Mann 16, Antony and Brandon 18, and their big brother Christopher 22 are here to have their scan. The five brothers are the latest recruits to join the giant study founded in 1991. Its goal is to study the development of the brain. Dr. Jay Giedd, chief of brain imaging in the institute, has devoted 13 years to operating 1800 kids and teenagers using Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). He creates a unique photo album for each volunteer by taking MRI snapshots every two years and builds a record as the brain grows. He started investigating the origins of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism. He discovered that little was known about how the brain is supposed to develop and impossible to figure out where things might go wrong. This project is his attempt to establish a gigantic control group. “Normal brains are interesting, but adolescents’ studies are most surprising”, he marvels. Before Geidds project, most scientists believed that the brain was a finished product by the age of twelve. It is not only fully grown in size but also in cognitive development, this is according to Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget. Giedds project proved that the brain undergoes extensive changes well past adolescence. To show that the brain of an adolescent is far from maturity. The MRI is helping researchers to figure out whether the physiological changes might affect the behavior of adolescents, which include emotional outbursts, reckless risk-taking, rule-breaking, the impassioned pursuit of sex, drugs, and rock n roll. Some experts relate the timing of mental illnesses such as schizophrenia and bipolar to these changes. These disorders contribute to high rates of teen suicide. Wild behavior is associated with two factors: raging hormones and lack of cognitive controls needed for maturity. Geidds study has shifted to twins which is why the Manns were recruited. Brain development follows a set plan which changes following pre-programmed cues. Ch
Abstract Bahkoor is a culturally important incense among the Emiratis, especially those who practice the Islamic faith. The literature review shows that when Bahkoor is burnt indoors with poor ventilation, several poisonous substances are emitted. They include carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide, formaldehyde, acetone, and acrolein, among others. These substances have varying health impact depending on the level of concentration and the time of exposure. They also have a significant effect on the environment. Introduction Background Burning of incense is a practice that has been in existence for a very long time in many parts of the world. Christians, Muslims, Buddhists, Jews, and many other religious groups have different incense, which they use on different occasions. It is a practice that has remained very popular among the Muslims as it is considered an integral part of the religion. In the United Arab Emirates, Bahkoor is one of the commonly used incense. According to Hsueh and Ko (2012), Bahkoor is considered one of the essential fragrances among the Muslim communities around the world. It is commonly used during celebrations like weddings as a sign of good luck to the newlyweds and their families. It is also used at home when there are visitors as a gesture of hospitality. Traditionally, it was believed that Bahkoor helps in fighting omen, especially in the evening just before meals (Cohen, Sexton, & Yeatts, 2013). Others believed that it has medicinal value, a fact that has made it remain popular for years. Today, many families in the United Arab Emirates still use Bahkoor for various reasons. Scientific studies have recently found that the use of Bahkoor may have significant health effects, especially in rooms, which are poorly ventilated. According to a study by Hsueh and Ko (2012), burning of Bahkoor in places with poor ventilation may lead to the production of poisonous gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur oxide (Sox), nitrogen oxide (NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), hydrocarbons, and asbestos among others (Landrigan & Etzel, 2013). These are hazardous gases, which may have significant health and environmental consequences. However, it is essential to have a scientific basis before concluding that, indeed, Bahkoor is environmentally harmful. For instance, it is common knowledge that carbon monoxide can be lethal at night if inhaled for an extended period when one is asleep. However, Buettner (2017) notes that reported cases in the country where one died of carbon monoxide intoxication caused by burning Bahkoor at home are infrequent. These conflicting scientific reports make it necessary to have a scientific study to help determine if indeed incense, particularly the use of Bahkoor, is harmful to the environment. In this study, the researcher will conduct a scientific investigation to determine if, indeed, the use of Bahkoor in the United Arab Emirates is harmful to the environment. Research Aim and Objectives When conducting research, it is vital to develop clear res
Eye physiology involves studying the parts of the eye and their adaptation to execute their various functions. Notably, visible light conversion to neural signals passes through all the parts of the eye, of which every part has a role to play. Again, in-depth analysis of how visual information is transferred to the brain for interpretation occurs. The challenges that the eye as an organ and other brain structures undergo during this process of visual interpretation are under study. In addition, the physiological abnormalities and their impact on vision are discussed in detail. Lastly, eye problems and defects, such as myopia, astigmatism, and hyperopia are vividly examined alongside the treatments available. The eye, as one of the human organs, has different features that enable it to convert light directed to it to neural activity. When visible light falls onto the eye, it first reaches the cornea. It then progresses to the pupil, where the size of the pupil varies depending on the intensity of the incoming light, a phenomenon referred to the as pupillary light response. The pupil undergoes dilation and constriction when dim and bright light enters the eye respectively. Thereafter, light bends further at the crystalline lens; this is a converging lens thus converging the light to a nodal point. At this point, the image formed is inverted. The visible light continues to the retina via the vitreous humor. At the retina, a clear focus of the image is observed. Notably, the retina has layers that help to convert visible light waves and impulses to electrical signals. The optic nerve, then, receives these signals via the visual pathway and passes them to the back of the brain, the occipital cortex. In the end, the brain interprets these electrical signals as visual images. Therefore, the above parts of the eye make it possible to convert visible light into neural activity. Categorically, these features qualify the eye as the start of the visionary process, which ends in the brain. From the above analogy, we can conclude that we see objects with our brains and not our eyes. Visual information on the retina from any visual field is processed into the visual system. The retina has two photoreceptors namely, cones and rods. The photoreceptors convert the energy received to biochemical signals. These neurons receive visual information and then pass it to the ganglion cells, which convert it to neural signals. The presence of these photoreceptors eliminates the eye’s blind spot, which can occur at the optic disc, the point where the optic nerve leaves the eye. The visual fields send signals to the visual cortex through coordination. Remarkably, the visual cortex is found at the posterior end of the brain and occupies each brain’s hemisphere. The cells in the visual cortex enable it to respond to both simple and complex input features. Therefore, the visual information on the retina is conveyed to the visual cortex via the optic nerve for interpretation hence allowing visual perception. During the above process of light movement and conversion, there are challenges that the eye goes through. For example, ultr