ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Mortgage servicing is a mode of business concerned with the collection of payments from borrowers and delivering the funds to investors. It involves soothing borrowers into honoring payments to the investment firms where they borrowed and keeps a record of all payments. The Nationstar Mortgage, a nondescript business venture in Dallas, made tremendous losses of about $520 within a year due to involvement in such transactions. This made most investors afraid of engaging in any form of mortgage investments. Nationstar did not shut down even after incurring such losses; they still remained in the mortgage business sector. Today, Nationstar has grown and its revenues have increased and profits shot up. The employees of Nationstar only earn bonuses after successfully processing a mortgage to a client. Although meager gains are obtained from the same, the little revenue adds up and thus, increasing the revenues of Nationstar (Fisher 2013). Nationstar attributes its success to the employment of various strategies. These are; it had to create borrower incentives by reducing the principal amount by a certain percentage, as well as, reducing the percentage repayment rates, it also saved costs that would have been incurred calling borrowers who were less than two days late by giving them a grace period. This led a rise in economies of scale and borrowers extending their repayment period, thus making their mortgage services to be in high demand. This has given Nationstar hope of a bright future as they are bound to make huge profits from increased sales (Fisher 2013). Ethics is a vital element in research; it governs the extent to which a research is carried out and the nature of the research. Ethics dictates the nature and scope of the strategy to be employed in the research, impounding the researcher on the research methods. Ethics also governs the behavior of the researcher during the research. Hence, without ethics research can be an open ended venture making it boundless and cumbersome to undertake. Ethics ensures that at any given time, the researcher concentrates on the core objectives of the research and thus, presents precise findings (McDaniel 2004). The research above brings out good customer relations as a major ethical issue in business. Nationstar managed to suppress all incumbent obstacles and prosper due to the way it treated its customers. A great effort was implored to understand the financial concerns of the borrowers and consequently come up with the strategies to recover borrowed capital. The idea of cutting down the principal capital and reducing the repayment rates encouraged more borrowers to repay their mortgages. This helped the company earn more bonuses and in the process increasing its revenue as a result of successfully negotiated repayments. In the above research, ethics played a major role in changing the perception of borrowers. Ethics made them see it as a social responsibility to honor their debts and thus, pay banks the borrowed capital. The
Introduction The Communist Manifesto, first published in February 1848, is probably the most read revolutionary tract in history. Despite this, in its early history its influence was quite modest and, indeed, for some decades in the latter half of the nineteenth century it appeared almost moribund. Nonetheless, it would become something of a bible or vade mecum for the socialist revolutionaries who eventually would have such a baleful influence on the great events of the early decades of the twentieth century. 1 The tract was authored by the German revolutionary theorist Karl Marx (1818-1883) and his life-long colleague Friedrich Engels (1820-1895). 2 Marx was the great prophet of modern socialism. In the Manifesto He combined the ideas of many of his predecessors, both socialist and capitalist, with others of his own, to form an ambitious new system of thought. This system has become the basis of a powerful movement as the years have passed, despite the flaws in his thinking and the errors which history has demonstrated in his predictions. Marx was at once a philosopher, a historian, a sociologist, an economist, and an active controversialist in the struggles which characterized his life. He outlined a framework of the future course of events on which he based prescriptions for a strategy on the part of those who wished to change the nature of society. = Background The Communist Manifesto was written in the context of a revolutionary period in European history and long precedes Marx’ later ventures into economic theory. 3 Published in early 1848 and translated into French shortly before the outbreak of the 1848 revolutions that convulsed Europe, Marx initially hoped that conditions were such that his revolutionary predictions might be on the verge of fruition. This was not to be. At the outset, the Manifesto was not conceived so much as an instrument of insurrection but rather as a scientific analysis of past events and a comparably scientific prediction of future conditions. The revolutionary impact of science – in all of its manifestations–was an essentially new phenomenon, 4 one related to the growth of cities and radical improvements in communications. 5 For intellectuals in the mid-nineteenth century, science had an almost magical allure. Its certitude rested on the acceptance of universals. In the past universals were largely restricted to mathematics and philosophy. 6 However, experiments in chemistry in the late eighteenth century, as well as developments in physics (notably electricity and physical chemistry) in the early nineteenth encouraged the belief that the sum of human existence could be explained incomparably precise terms. 7 The Industrial Revolution was a radically and rapidly changing society. New technologies were coming out all the time, and many spoke of huge, sweeping changes to come. The idea of ‘social engineering’ became popular; people believed that armed with advancing technology and an enlightened world view, they would be able to tear down the rotten and dysfunctional society that thousands of years of human civ
As humans, we are able to identify ourselves as persons. However, there is also the language, the culture, the mentality embedded in our consciousness, and thus we perceive the concept of “I” within the framework of a much more extensive and complicated concept, which is the “nation.” Postcolonial studies, which are the matter of our current interest, are the science’s attempts to explore national identity in the postcolonial world and how humans perceive it. The term “postcolonialism” implies the cessation of the Mother Country’s predominance over the colonized ones and the historical period after the colonization. In art, postcolonialism is usually described as a form antagonistic to colonialism. Anita Seppä (2010) interprets the term as a historical consequence of the colonized peoples’ negative experiences (para. 43). The author also allocates several features of postcolonial art. Postcolonialism seeks to disrupt the power of the colonists and turn their violence back unto them. There is an idea that postcolonialism is used detrimentally as a means of resetting the world into a binary model: pre- and postcolonial (McClintock, 1995, p. 11). Seppä confronts this idea by asserting that postcolonial art depicts the glory of the Western history in an inverted fashion of violence and brutality. Finally, postcolonial art, in addition to being by nature hybridist – that is, incorporating the opposite cultures and integrating them into a whole, – makes a mockery of the opposing culture. It does so by using visual power and making it look somewhat underdone (Seppä, 2010, para. 44). Thus, the postcolonial art represents the lost self in the world were the colonies are gone but the colonialist mind still lingers. It is focused around the multidimensional, amalgam model of the world and the search which is plagued by the perception of the unified rooting of all humans. One of the artists whose works are perforated with constant search and are a unique example of postcolonial art was Jean-Michel Basquiat. Jean-Michel Basquiat had Haitian to Puerto-Rican to African to African American heritage and was aware of it. He began as a spray painter vandalizing the state property with enigmatic and clever aphorisms; at the age of twenty, he exhibited his artwork publicly (Parker). His African American identity was emphasized by his reviewers to create an image familiar and recognizable in white society. However, in his masterpieces as well as in his public appearances, Basquiat eternalized the image himself. He acted in a triangular set of patterns: he was simultaneously a victim of violence, a force of power in flesh, and an entity rebellious against the binary world. He even thought of himself as an incarnation of African deities (Okpewho, Davies, and Mazrui, 2011, p. 439). As for the art, Basquiat’s self-assigned celestial nature can be traced as one of the most powerful motifs. Another one was the artist’s perception of the world as a hybrid, a culture galore where his self got inevitably lost. He was only too well aware how multisided and versatile cultural experience could be. The hybridity of the world, in his perception, consisted in the culture pa
Screw compressors are some type of gas compressors that use two interlocking screws to capture and compress gas. Screw compressors are of two types, the dry running screw compressor, and the oil-flooded screw compressor. Lubricating oil is used in the oil-flooded compressor to facilitate the screwing process. The oil also provides a hydraulic seal that passes energy between the screws. In the dry running compressor, male and the female rotors maintain a special alignment in a timely manner, such that, one screw drives the other to form a continuous rotation of the screws (Bloch and Soares 76). The interaction of the male-female thread traps air, compresses it, and converts it into energy. In both types of screw compressors, the air enters through the suction point; the rotors compress it while they rotate, and it finally gets its way out through the outlet as energy. Unlike other compressors that are somewhat noisy, screw compressors are noiseless and they compress air continuously. The first step in operating a dry running screw compressor is ensuring the power unit has a strong cooling system. Two-screw gear units inside the chambers are shaped differently, but in a manner that they interlock perfectly. While rotating, the screws suck and trap air as they rotate from one end
Clinical Manifestations Mrs. J. is a patient with an exhaustive history of cardiorespiratory issues, and the abandonment of treatment and consistent medication intake has eventually led to a significant worsening of her diagnosis. Considering the presence of chronic heart failure, the patient has been admitted to the hospital with acute decompensated heart failure manifested by dyspnea or shortness of breath. Moreover, the patient experiences premature beats, as she claims to feel her heart “running away.” Such a condition is predetermined by her chronic heart failure and excessive nicotine intake. Another significant clinical manifestation present in the patient is the emergence of flu-like symptoms and rapid muscle weakness, which indicates deterioration of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The presence of S3 heart sound, also known as ventricular gallop, is yet another manifestation of heart failure. Nursing Interventions Given the acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), the administration of furosemide as a loop diuretic is the most reasonable choice, as Lasix aims at relieving congestive symptoms in ADHF. Another important intervention to consider in ADHF treatment is ACE inhibitor, as it relieves the symptoms by preventing the narrowing of blood vessels. ACE inhibitor prescription, in this case, Vasotec (Enalapril), is also vital in combination with administering loop diuretics. However, considering the low BP present in the patient, it is of paramount importance to track the dosage and the patient’s BP in order to avoid a heart attack, shock, and kidney failure (Cautela et al., 2020). Considering the irregularity and a slight increase in the patient’s heart rate, the administration of such receptor blocker as Lopressor is also justified, as it aims at relieving chest pain and lowering heart rate (Cautela et al., 2020). Morphine, being a major painkiller, is frequently administered in acute heart failure and COPD due to severe chest pain, so nurses’ decision to prescribe this medication in a small dose is justified in this scenario. As far as breath shortness and acute COPD manifestation are concerned, the administration of inhaled bronchodilators and corticosteroids is vital. They tend to improve lung function and breathing patterns (Crisafulli et al., 2018). Finally, the delivery of oxygen is also vital for the patient’s condition. Hence, it may be concluded that the medication prescription is justified by the patient’s clinical manifestations, but it is necessary to draw attention to the medication dosage in regard to Mrs. J.’s low BP. Conditions Causing Heart Failure The occurrence of heart failure in older patients is highly correlated with coronary artery disease (CAD), which, for its part, is catalyzed by hypertension. In order to prevent hypertension, it is of paramount importance to maintain a healthy diet, be physically active, and quit hazardous habits like smoking (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2020). Another risk factor of hear
Correctional education has been a part of the criminal justice system of the USA for decades, but it still evokes a rather heated debate on the matter. The supporters of such programs claim that correctional education reduces recidivism and gives “many more options” to offenders (qtd. in Bates 225). Opponents of this practice argue that many lawful people cannot afford education while inmates receive it for free, which can hardly be seen as justice. Many more arguments are given to support their claims, but no consensus has been reached. The proponents of correctional education tend to appeal to understanding and the need to support individuals as an “obligation to society” (qtd. in Bates 224). They criticize any attempts of the government to reallocate resources and reduce the funding of such programs. They note that educating offenders is beneficial for the community as those returning from prisons will have more opportunities and will be less likely to cause harm. However, they ignore quite obvious things that unveil the flaws of their perspective, including but not confined to the essence of justice and specific results of such incentives. One of the primary arguments the advocates of correctional education provide is related to reduced recidivism. Recent research on the matter shows that the reduction of recidivism is apparent since inmates participating in such initiatives are “32% less likely to recidivate” compared to inmates who do not take part in these programs (Bozick et al. 403). At the same time, scholars also claim that more research is needed due to the involvement of diverse variables. Moreover, the outcomes linked to educational programs suggest that offenders often have quite equal chances of employment irrespective of their participation in such projects (Bozick et al. 406). The claim regarding more opportunities correctional education gives to inmates is rather weak and unsupported by empirical evidence. The overall performance of offenders and their motivation to take part in correctional initiatives has been studied as well, although no vivid data showing a high prevalence of high achievements are provided. In simple terms, inmates are often reluctant to participate while receiving educational services for free. At the same time, people who have not committed crimes need to seek opportunities and pay for their education. The cost-effectiveness and the source of funding of correctional education raise even more questions. The primary expected outcome is “the wellbeing of prisoners” and the increase in “their employment prospects” (Dobbs par. 5). Since participation in such programs has little effect on employment opportunities, the cost-effectiveness of the incentive is questionable. Apart from the pure economic calculations, it is just not fair that inmates receive educational services for free, while thousands of Americans have to manage their student loans and try to balance work, education, and personal life. The fact that t
Introduction This essay explores “A Worn Path,” one of Eudora Welty’s most anthologized stories. It provides a number of contextual readings as well as biographical information about Welty. Welty was born in 1909 in Jackson Mississippi, where she was based for most of her life. She lived in her family’s second home until her death in 2001. She grew up with her parents and two brothers and wrote from an early age. After attending the University of Wisconsin, she went to Columbia University in New York to study advertising for one year. She returned to Mississippi where she worked as a journalist reporting on Southern life. It was at this period of her life that she took most of her photographs, some of which would be published in her two collections of photography. Essay Body In 1940, she began to work with the editor Diarmuid Russell. Her stories began to appear in “The New Yorker” and “The Atlantic Monthly.” Her story “Lily Daw and the Three Ladies” appeared in “The Best American Stories of 1938.” Her first collection of short stories was published in 1941, entitled “A Curtain of Green.” Her first novel, “The Robber Bridegroom,” was published the following year. “The Wide Net,” another story collection, appeared in 1943. In 1946, Welty’s second novel, “Delta Wedding,” was published. In 1949, “The Golden Apples” appeared. This cycle of seven linked stories remains her most radical experiment with form and her favorite work of fiction. The stories are linked by the fictional setting of Morgana, a range of recurring characters, a network of mythological references and intertextual engagement with the poetry of W.B. Yeats. “The Golden Apples” enacts (in its form) Welty’s preoccupation with connection and ‘confluence,’ one of her favorite words. “The Bride of Innisfallen,”
It has been accepted that Walter Mitty should be regarded as an archetypal character. Admittedly, many people tend to try to seem better than they are. More so, most people (at least once in their lives) have fantasized about their success or their exceptional deeds. All this is done to escape from real life. Thus, if a person is not satisfied with his/her life, this individual tries to escape from this unpleasant reality. Likewise, Mitty is not satisfied with his real life. He cannot develop proper relations with people. He is not the person he would like to be. He finds the way out. He starts creating stories where he is the person he would like to be. In his daydreams, Mitty is a man of action who is adored by others. These daydreams help him to endure his real life with all its difficulties. Another example of such archetypal characteristics is revealed in the story “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge” by Ambrose Bierce. Notably, Bierce’s protagonist Farquhar also escapes reality. However, his case is an extreme one. The man is daydreaming about his rescue and his family during his execution (while falling through the bridge). Of course, this instance is an extreme case that can be regarded as an inevitable human brain reaction. Thus, the two stories reveal archetypal characters. The two stories illustrate the way people try to escape reality, which is unbearable. In the former case, Mitty thinks he cannot bear his life. Thus, he makes up different stories. When it comes to the latter story, it illustrates a specific psychological feature, i.e., people’s specific reaction to certain conditions.
Managing a classroom comprise an application of numerous classroom management strategies. Thus, management is a broad term used to imply, assisting, refereeing, administering, and disciplining of students academically. Due to different student backgrounds, their behavior varies greatly. Classroom management strategies are policies that discourage unruly students from interfering with learning processes. For example, students are not supposed to have dangerous weapons in school or class, break classrooms nor be eligible to drug abuse. The paper examines five strategies, which are beneficial in creating a smooth learning environment. (Rodriguez, (n.d), Para. 1-3). Perhaps a question to ask oneself is why students will not follow the said classroom rules and regulations. Kids will behave in a strange manner like it or not. However, teachers must stop this habit. A good teacher is the one who has the interest of students at heart. They should instruct students that their main purpose of students being in school is to learn and not to involve disruptive activities. All classroom management strategies evolve around teachers. Only teachers have an audacity of commanding sanity in classrooms. The first strategy that teachers cam use to manage classrooms effectively, is by involving students through verbal communication. This creates familiarity between students and teachers. If a teacher sees students in the laboratory or on the field playing and talks to them about the activity, they are doing, these students will have respect to the teacher both inside and outside classroom. Moreover, teachers ought to congratulate students whenever they do nice things. By doing so, students will have a positive mentality about a certain teacher’s concern and care towards them. The second strategy to apply in management a classroom is to distribute period time in doing various classroom activities. The main reason for doing this is to make the lesson move cordially. Teachers should use a teacher-student questions approach at one point while on the other hand; a teacher can make students either stand or move in front of the class near a black wall or black board as a way of discouraging boredom. (Hayden, 2009, Para. 2-11). Some student can find it boring when, a teacher lectures the whole period without any engagement. Instead, teachers should introduce hand activities in classrooms so that students do not become disruptive. Practical activities become effervescent to students who are otherwise disruptive when bored. The fourth classroom management strategy is using a mind caning strategy. When some students engage in unsettling activities like talking, moving chairs, or stabbing, the teacher should abruptly pick these students to answer a deliberate question. At times, the teacher should approach these students and stand by their side while watching their moves. They will become shy, realize their mistakes and desist from it then engage themselves effectively into learning. (Rodriguez, (n.d), Para. 7-25). Lastly, teachers can order some unruly students to match out of the classroom at least once for a while. This happens when disruptive students