ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abortion-rights movements advocate legal permission for abortion. The problem of abortion is quite complex and multifaceted in today’s world. There are many issues related to religion, discrimination, and medical indications that prohibit abortion. Liberalization makes it possible for modern society to discuss abortions, investigate their causes, and find overall solutions. Author of the article ‘Tough questions — and answers — on ‘late-term’ abortions, the law and the women who get them,’ Ariana Eunjung Cha as an ordinary woman, is also interested in the topic of late abortion. She is a competent journalist on reproductive health and abortion. Since she often writes articles about infertility treatment, maintaining men’s health, and donating a woman’s eggs. Accordingly, the author has a holistic view of the health care system related to pregnancy and often communicates with women about the problems that concern them. Therefore, the choice of the topic of late abortion is justified because of the importance and need to cover this issue. The lack of a sufficient point of view on the authorization and humanity of late abortions has affected women. All this has led to adverse consequences, from abortion tourism to the harassment and condemnation of women who have had abortions. Proponents of abortion argue that early pregnancy, violence and rape, medical contraindications, and physical or mental defects in the unborn child are the reasons for abortion. Accordingly, opponents reject those arguments that justify abortion and say that abortion is the killing of a child, according to religious and traditional beliefs (Ariana Eunjung Cha The Washington Post). The views of both parties were equally crucial throughout the discussion and remain relevant today. The situation of permitting abortions has been complicated by a misunderstanding of what can be considered a late abortion. Investigating the arguments and persuasiveness of the author’s position will highlight the admissibility or inadmissibility of late abortion. The article’s reasoning is significant in the present, as federal bans on abortion continue to be imposed, taking away women’s ability to express themselves. The author’s main argument is that all women have inalienable rights, so the government cannot outlaw them. Every woman has the power to control her own body, life, and health regardless of specific circumstances. Additional thoughts relate to that late-term abortions should not be permitted or prohibited solely based on medical necessity. There are many other reasons why it is necessary to perform the procedure. For example, there are numerous cases when a woman does not recognize a pregnancy at th
Introduction The film industry comprises many types of film products, which are commonly known as ‘movie genres’. A movie genre is conventionally a class under which a movie falls with regard to its characteristics, nature of the storyline, and theme. As different types of audiences have different interests that make them to prefer different movie genres, so do the filmmakers, which explains why there are numerous genres in the film industry. In other words, genres are defined in a bid to please a certain audience whose interests are satisfied and relay particular information in the best possible way to the audience (Acher and Pincus 56). Science Fiction Dystopia Genre Science fiction dystopia is one of the most fascinating movie genres of the twenty first century. In the contemporary world, people have made a great deal of progress as far as the issue of technology and science is concerned. Therefore, there is great anxiety as to where the technological development is taking the world. To the advantage of the filmmakers, the existence of anxiety enables them to create movies that display the usage of technology in the future and its harmful replications that would crop up concerning the relationship between humans and scientific developments. However, science fiction dystopia is almost the same as the horror movie genre. The difference lies in the former’s minimal role of human beings directly involved in causing harm to human life and products of scientific progress taking different roles in the movies as opposed to the horror movies. In addition, it is possible for more than one film genres to be incorporated into a movie in order to produce a hybrid-genre film work. A good example is the case where war films incorporate modernized weapons that are products of fiction science as it has been the case in a majority of the twenty first century movies. Although science fiction dystopia is one of the strongest movie genres, it is often very hard to apply it singly in a film without having to incorporate other genres. Science and technology are useful elements to hum
Introduction Illegal immigration is one of the most problematic issues with which modern-day communities’ leaderships have to deal. Therefore, this problem requires immediate intervention and – as much importantly – proper research and discussion. Numerous factors have to be addressed to achieve adequate coverage and understanding of the topic; for example, surveillance techniques, crime mapping, and staffing needs. This paper will cover the subject of surveillance techniques used to detect illegal immigration-related crimes and track individuals suspected of involvement in corresponding activities. First, this essay will address possible research options and approaches that may contribute to gathering related information and analyzing it. Second, two research designs that present the most opportunities for dealing with the specified topic will be compared to determine which will serve the purpose better. Third, some of the possible data sources addressing the topic will be provided and evaluated to achieve greater coverage. Finally, the paper will cover possible ethical, cultural, or other considerations involved in resolving the problem. Research Approaches Naturally, the best option for Chef would be to gather as much information as possible covering existing surveillance techniques. Additionally, the Chef might call for expert opinions regarding each technique separately or their work in conjunctions. However, there are some restrictions to this approach. For example, one of the biggest of them would be the necessity to analyze all the gathered information. This requirement may pose a great challenge to the successful conclusion of this research. However, the results would be significant as well. Decent research of the problem ensures at the very least that the most efficient and affordable technique or a combination of them is selected and implemented. Another option would require gathering information as well. However, this resolution would call for the creation of an innovative technique that is based on one or more of the existing procedures. This approach would allow the Chef to take the peculiarities of the location he governs into consideration. Essentially, this would also enable the Chef to adopt each decisive factor presented by various techniques while negating possible shortcomings. Either way, each of these approaches requires a significant amount of information to be processed and discussed. The outcome would greatly depend on the gathered information and the level at which it is analyzed. Needless to say, this would also require a lot of time spent on research-related procedures. All in all, if managed correctly, information gathering would allow the Chef to achieve great results and possibly reduce illegal immigration to a level of almost complete absence. Research Designs Comparison To gather related information, two research designs would present the most significant set of opportunities. These designs are the field and longitudinal researches. Since the precise nature of research requires
Introduction Economy is the basis for the development of the modern human society. However, it is at the same time one of the most complicated spheres of knowledge. Thus, to be able to see the implications that this or that economic activity or phenomenon has, or will have, it is necessary to operate properly with the major terms and definitions and be able to apply the respective theoretical knowledge in practice. Drawing from these considerations, the proposed paper will focus on such an important aspect of the modern economy as illiquid markets, pricing policies observed in such markets, and portfolio choices that are often conditioned by illiquidity. What makes some assets illiquid? Is illiquidity of markets dangerous? How is pricing affected by illiquidity levels? These are some of the questions that the proposed paper will make an attempt to answer. Literature Review General Notions Thus, the major topic of the proposed paper is the analysis of pricing policies observed in the illiquid markets in the contexts of portfolio choices and overall economic conditions. The analysis of this topic becomes especially relevant in the light of the current global economic recession, during which major companies consider the alternatives of turning their illiquid and non-marketable assets into the liquid ones (Longstaff, 2009, p. 1120). Accordingly, the illiquid market, and all phenomena associated with it, is perceived by scholars as a rather dangerous environment. In such a market, trading becomes more time-consuming and marketability of the major assets is rather doubtful, which makes pricing policies in the illiquid market considerably cautious (Schönbucher and Wilmott, 2000, pp. 232 – 233; Brenner et al., 2001, pp. 789 – 790). Needless to say, give the crucial importance of the topic of illiquid markets and their pricing policies, this topic has been heavily discussed by various scholars. The major ideas examined range from such seemingly minor issues as the speed of transactions and infrequent adjustment in illiquid markets (Garleanu, 2008, pp. 535 – 536; Capozza et al., 2003, pp. 8 – 9) to such drastically important aspects as asset market functioning in the context of illiquidity and pricing policies developed in respect of the portfolio choices often observed in illiquid markets (Longstaff, 2009, pp. 1123 – 1124; Frey et al., 2002, pp. 3 – 4). In addition, scholarly attention in the works concerning illiquid markets, their prices and portfolio choices made often touch upon the issues of hedging (Frey et al., 2002, p. 2), various risks associated with liquidity, or illiquidity, levels (Janosi et al., 2002, pp. 4 – 5), and asset pricing (Chan and Faff, 2002, p. 20). Major Theories Naturally, scholarly discussions of illiquid markets and phenomena associated with them come from generalized ideas to more specific notions, theories, and models that allow better illustrating the func
Introduction James M. McPherson is a historian who wrote several fundamental works on the topic of the American Civil War. In his book Drawn with the Sword: Reflections on the American Civil War , he examines the lost-cause myth and provides evidence to validate his argument in regards to it. The purpose of this paper is to review the second and fifth essay chapters critically and analyze how they relate to the overall concept of the narration. Background The reviewed book consists of essays that have been published in the scientific press for several years, and they were compiled to reflect the broadest topics connected to the American Civil War. 1 In particular, the writing disproves old myths and questions new conclusions about the causes of the war. It also deconstructs assumptions made about the battles that took place and the consequences of the war for the United States and the world in general. Discussion The second chapter, “The War and American Society,” offers an interesting perspective on the war on the home front. Importantly, it destroys aspects of the lost-cause myth and provides insights into the anti-war movement in the Union. As the author puts it, “democratic leaders had been telling their Irish-American constituents that the wicked Black Republicans were waging war to free the slaves who would come north and take away the jobs of Irish workers.” 2 Through the use of such instances, the author illustrates the way the Irish become susceptible to accepting demagogic rhetoric. Interestingly, the author provides a thorough analysis of the literature in which he discusses the reasons for the defeat of the Confederates. The historian examines the conclusions drawn by other scientists and identifies errors and inaccuracies made by them. Particular emphasis is made on such factors as the advantage of the northerners in armaments and their ability to demoralize the will of the opposing party. 3 It is crucial that the actions taken by the leaders of the Confederate are regarded as a less important factor. The essay also considers the spectrum of different causes of the civil war that were not mentioned earlier and discussed such important aspects as who freed the slaves and what role slavery had played in the initiation of war. The last section of the book, “What’s the Matter with History,” is also of particular interest to the reader. In this part of the writing, the author mentions another historian who published an essay on the same topic in 1939. Based on this discussion, the author criticizes colleagues for not responding actively to film production, in which the prehistory and history of the civil war were distorted openly. 4 The writer believes that professional scientists emphasize the insignificant aspects of history and ignore important details. Moreover, the author expresses a critical opinion that most movies are made according to scenarios written by amateur historians, which leads to a distortion of facts and misconceptions spread among society members. However, it should be noted that the book lacks accurat
The three main benefits offered by Grammarly and Turnitin used for text editing purposes are significant amounts of time saved on proofreading, simplified writing process through recommendations and help in maintaining tone through the paper. Moreover, as a form of text editing tool, Turnitin and Grammarly utilize elaborated AI and machine learning processes that offer more text editing opportunities. For example, once the app detects that the text features listing elements, it will automatically provide the user with an option to make a list of these items for more comfortable reading. According to Wang (2020), AI presents a vital part in Turnitin, and its work within the app focuses on improving the quality of students’ writing. On the other hand, mistakes can always occur with text editing applications, as speech recognition algorithms can fail to detect specific sentence structures. While proofreading papers using Grammarly and Turnitin saves a significant amount of time, one should carefully approach the task without overly relying on the apps. In writing responses to assignments and personal correspondence, the apps will help by automatically detecting any grammar or punctuation mistakes and ensuring the use of tone suitable for conversation purposes. When the user confuses different words for formal and informal tones, the app will correct the text and help choose the right sentence structure. Moreover, the use of such applications could become essential for non-native English speakers and their career progression. Many companies are now starting to implement remote job principles in their work, which means more room for misunderstandings in communication. Using applications like Grammarly and Turnitin for academic or business teamwork will help to maintain productive collabo
Introduction Abigail Adams was a public figure in America in the late eighteenth century and the early nineteenth century. Among the outstanding stories written on her name is the fact that she was a wife to an American president and later a mother to an American president, a legacy shared with only one other woman in America. This paper seeks to discuss Abigail Adams as a famous woman in her American times and whether or not her fame was due to her husband’s legacy or due to her own making. The paper will look at the life history of Abigail, her achievements as a woman and her husband’s influence over her outstanding status. Life History of Abigail Adams Abigail Adams was born to William Smith on November eleventh in the year 1744. Her father was a religious leader and it is noted that her mother descended from lineage of highly regarded personalities in church among them, Quincy Elizabeth. Her family lived in Weymouth, Massachusetts among the Puritan settlers. Abigail who was Smith’s second daughter did not have the opportunity to attend school. An excuse is given to her health which is claimed to have been unstable. She was however keen and learned a lot of things through observations. She also did some home reading, a fact that to an extent might have enlightened her. Abigail got married to John Adams in the year 1764 and once again devoted her life to domestic life. The revolutionary war marked an empathetic emotion in her life as she felt the pain and suffering that people especially women went through in the event of war (American Revolution 1). According to Gale, it was not Abigail alone who never went to school in the area at that period of time. It was common that women only had basic education and their primary focus according to the then traditions was to marriage. She however possessed outstanding personal qualities that made her adorable. Adams, who was later to become her husband, described her as “prudent, modest, delicate, soft sensible, obliging and active” (Gale 1). In her marriage, she was active in the domestic chores taking care of the servant’s supervision, dealing with accounts records besides the household duties. She interestingly managed to have five children wit
Introduction SWOT analysis is a strategic planning method that is often applied in product marketing. According to Gürel and Tat (2017), it is used to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the internal environment, as well as opportunities and threats of the external environment influencing the businesses. Scientists also emphasize that “strategic management is the process of creating, implementing and evaluating decisions that enable an organization to achieve its objectives” (Gürel & Tat, 2017, p. 994). This paper aims to develop a strategic plan based on a SWOT analysis for the H&M apparel company, providing examples of growth strategies that will help it to reach out to online-sales markets. Background The proliferation of online shopping has changed the clothing store businesses significantly. Clothing stores are massively moving to online-sector to maintain a high level of sales and production. Strategic business planning is used while developing growth strategies for market penetration, market development, product development, and related diversification to make this move even more beneficial. When speaking of H&M’s market penetration strategy, one should consider that currently, H&M sells online only on the brand website, localized for several countries. The effective market penetration strategy is highly beneficial for the competitive advantage of a company. Chandola and Fu (2017) note that “new international strategies involve product innovation and adaptation, pricing tactics along with Integrated Market Communications to target market different from one’s home market” (p. 10). It may require certain efforts and costs for the business, but with the competent use of efforts, they will pay off handsomely. SWOT Analysis The external opportunities and threats should be considered when applying the SWOT analysis. Nowadays, the most extensive opportunities for direct sales are provided by social networks – Instagram, Facebook, with their new simplified payment method Libra, and Twitter. The principal and only potential threat to the company is non-entry into this market. Whereas, the company’s great strength regarding the internal environment is that it already has its pages on social networks. Wherein its weakness is that it is impossible to order or buy goods there. It also makes sense to create brand pages within the local social media in countries where the number of people who use social media exceeds 500 thousand subscribers. Besides, the social media pages should be localized, and presented in the maximum number of languages, just like the company’s brand websites. At the moment, H&M stores can be found in shopping centers in Europe and North America. Yet, there is an opportunity that online demand for its products will be much higher. Besides, H&M should consider online markets of fara
Introduction Changing people’s health-related behavior could have a great impact on some of the frequent causes of death and diseases amongst the communities. There is a need for the utilization of preventive measures as well as primary care services that provide solutions relating to people’s health. It is highly noted by medical practitioners that good health requires tremendous changes in behaviors based on social, economic, and environmental contexts. An individual’s behavior plays an important role in overall health since different patterns of behavior are associated with people’s social environment and cultural influence (Davidson et al, 2003). Socio-behavioral Intervention Several interventions have been initiated to change individual, family, community, or group behaviors. This is because discoveries made on such interventions show that they have great potential for altering disease patterns. There are some patterns which at times prove difficult to alter like genetic predisposition to diseases. However, people’s behaviors seem easy to change when all the right processes, theories, and principles are taken into account. The principles of health intervention should be based on good planning, delivery, and evaluation processes (Davidson et al, 2003). Policy and legislation could be used to influence behavior change; this could work through the creation of awareness, law enforcement, and provision of legislative directives concerning people’s decisions on their behaviors. The legislation forms a simple powerful tool that could be used effectively at individual, family, and community levels. Disadvantages associated with policy and legislative intervention include criminalization, compensation as well as lack of enough support from the public (WHO, 2005). In addition, several forms could be used at different levels to promote behavior change, these include; the use of technologies, resources, and education. Training on psychological needs is one of the intervention methods which is based on generic competencies and skills and not on specific models. The psychological models should show the relationship between knowledge, attitude as well as behaviors. Such form of intervention falls under education which encompasses individual advice, group teachings, and to some extent campaigns based on media. Another intervention involves the use of technologies such as child-proof containers used for toxic products and breathalyzers. Then there is the use of resources such as free therapy, leisure centers as well as distribution of protective devices. Limitations Limitations on these health intervention attempts are that they have not always led to mass improvements on the level of health required within the targeted population. This is because different groups of people based on gender, age or ethnicity have different responses towards the prescribed intervention method (Backett a