ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Clinical rotations are vital to the academic and professional development or nursing students. These provide insights into practical applications and procedures of learned material and provides the unique experience of interacting with patients with faculty supervision. This paper will focus on a personal reflection in a clinical rotation occurring in a nursing home, including an encountered case examination and influence of the experience. The clinical rotation occurred in a mid-sized nursing home with approximately 158 beds. At one point, a call was placed by a staff member that one of the patients felt lightheaded and fell, continuing to retain consciousness. The patient was a 72-year-old male, which will be referred to as MA. Upon arrival, MA was already helped by staff and was laying on his bed. At examination, the patient retained consciousness and was not injured from the fall. MA described symptoms of having a headache for several hours, along with fatigue, eventually experiencing light-headedness. Patient history revealed that the patient is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The patient had been diagnosed of what is known as adult-onset type 2 diabetes. In type 2 diabetes, the pancreas is unable to produce enough insulin, or the body does not utilize it properly. Insulin is a hormone which regulates glucose and directs it to cells to provide energy. With this condition, excessive glucose remains in the blood which can cause a range of other serious conditions such as cardiovascular issues (stroke), nerve damage, kidney damage. However, since glucose regulation is inconsistent, there may be periods of low blood sugar as well. Older individuals are a risk of type 2 diabetes, particularly with presence of obesity, lack of exercise, and family history of the disease (NIDDK, 2020). Therefore, taking higher doses of insulin and other medications, as well as not partaking enough nutrients to maintain the glucose levels, will lead to blood sugar levels to drop. This instigates hypoglycemia which is commonly characterized by symptoms seen in the patient such as fatigue and dizziness (InformedHealth.org., 2020). The primary objective of diabetes medication is to achieve glycemic control, which is inherently difficult. There are oral medications such as Metformin which decreases hepatic glucose production as well as Sulfonylureas that stimulates insulin release from beta cells in the pancreas. More severe forms of type 2 diabetes or specific cases use insulin intake directly to achieve glucose control with measured doses (Raval & Vyas, 2018). In the case of MA, the patient received an insulin dose, but also chose to take Metformin, which was recommended by his provider to have on hand in case of severe spikes of blood glucose levels. The combination resulted in hypoglycemia. The patient was provided with a glucose supplement dextrose to raise blood sugar levels as recommended for hypoglycemia. His condition, diet, and insulin intake were carefully monitored for several days
Competitor Analysis and Competitive Landscape for Pumpkin Spice Cookie Spaans Cookie Company has expanded, and sells its products not only in California, but also in other states. However, there are many Companies that compete with Spaans, which also bake and sell cookies. These companies include the Great American cookie Company that specializes with gourmet cookies. Great American Cookie is based in Atlanta, but it has other 290 stores all over the United States and thus, it is a big competitor to Spaans. Other cookie companies include Full Bloom wholesale Baking Company, which is based in California and is growing fast and Interstate Bakeries Corporation, which distributes breads and cakes all over United State
Social science focuses on the study of society. The research centers on the importance of the scientific method in generating more convincing social science perspectives. The research focuses on the natural sciences and physical sciences to support the social science research activities. The scientific method as well and the other related sciences contribute to a more effective and convincing social science research course of actions. In terms of psychology of group behavior, the social scientific question is: W hat is the effect of taste on the prospective clients’ product preference . The question is significant for analysis. The question will help identify the prospective and current client’s product preferences. The results of the research will help company’s identity which product should be prioritized. The cost of the research is minimal compared to producing lots of goods that are unsalable. The company’s huge advertising budget would go to naught when the current and prospective clients refuse to buy products that are not in line with their taste preferences. Each person has a unique taste preference. Some prefer coffee, others prefer beverages. Some prefer chocolates, others prefer mint candies. Some prefer pork food products, others prefer chicken food products. Some prefer McDonald’s hamburgers, others prefer Kentucky Fried Chicken. Some prefer office clothes, others prefer work clothes. The list can go on and on. The research will lessen the guesswork and frustration of producing products will does not fill the discriminating prospective target market’s needs, wants, and caprices (Black, 2002). How should the survey be conducted? The first sub-question shows that he survey can be conducted by letting the respondents answer questions in a survey form or oral form. Some respondents prefer the survey form because it is grounded on privacy. On the other hand, people in the vicinity can hear the respondents’ answer to orally made questions. The survey can be conducted by letting the respondents take a taste test of two competing products. The survey will indicate which product will be chosen by the respondent, according to taste. The survey can be conducted in universities, kindergarten or middle school locations. The different school groups will generate a different set of survey results. The results of the middle school respondents may differ or mimic the survey results of the university students. The survey can be conducted in grocery stores. The researcher can set up a taste test table for the grocery visitors to freely partake in the research. The action avoids getting the survey results of person who do not frequent the grocery stores. The taste test can be conducted by setting up a taste test table along a busy street corner. The people of all ages, gender, religion, race,
Introduction The notion of sustainability became widely popular during the last two decades. In a general sense, sustainability is about confirming that the quality of human life and the surrounding eco-systems will not be reduced in the short and the long terms, making sure that the capacity of the environment will not be exceeded without affecting the main human activities. Sustainability in such context is about finding ways to improve the efficiency of all human processes, e.g. ecological, economical and social, so that the environment will be preserved for the future. Thus, sustainability can be explained through different perspectives and contexts, one of which is architecture. In the context of architecture, sustainability can be seen through the way sustainable principles in building can be applied. Such ways include such aspects as new forms of contracts and declarations of intent and adopting environmental measures “via standards, regulations or financial incentives”. 1 Although sustainability in architecture gained popularity in the recent two decades, the awareness of many sustainability aspects was reached many decades earlier. Certain aspects of sustainability can be seen through modernism and modernist architecture in the 20 th century. In terms of architecture, modernism can be seen as a movement that revolves around the work of architects from the early to the middle 20 th century. As bound in the same term of modernism, modernism in architecture can be seen as the creation of something new in buildings’ design, planning, materials, and technological know how, which would be different from previous creations. There is a lot in common between sustainable and modernist architecture in terms of foundation, inspiration, and to some extent ideology. 2 The correspondence of both movements can be seen through the views of many famous architects and designers. Buckminster Fuller, a “renowned 20th century inventor and visionary”, believed that modernism would harness technology to improve the lives of the average family, an aspect that can be seen applicable to the case of sustainable architecture and falling within its goals as well. 3 Kevin Pratt, an architect from New York, was more specific in pointing out the similarities between modernist and sustainable architecture, stating that, “[g]reen design… shares with the modernist project the righteousness of a cause, [and]improving the world through reform of its material culture. 4 In the light of the aforementioned, the present research argues that even prior to the wide formulation of the principles of sustainability in architecture many of those same principles were implemented previously in the works of many modernist architects. Thus, this paper will provide an analysis of several modernity architects, outlining the main elements of sustainability that can be found in their works. Sustainable Architecture in the 20 th Century Adolf Loos The first archi
Introduction The management is the crucial aspect of the organization success. There are a lot of study materials and professional literature on this topic. The book In Search of Management: Culture, Chaos, and Control in Managerial Work by Tony J. Watson is devoted to the problems of the managerial work. The author is the British author and the professor at the Nottingham University Business School. He specializes in the research on “organizations, managerial work, strategy-making, entrepreneurship, HRM and industrial sociology” (Watson 2013, n.pag.). Professor Tony J. Watson gained his BA in London in 1968, MSc in Loughborough in 1972, and PhD in Nottingham in 1976 ( Business school n.pag.). The author published a number of reputable works on management and strategy development. His books cover the topics of his research interests including “the organization theory and the sociology of work; managerial, entrepreneurial, strategic and human resourcing behavior in organizations; organizational culture; and ethnography” ( Business school n.pag.). The works by Professor Watson are highly appreciated by the economists and managers. They are used as the study materials at the business schools as well. Tony J. Watson is the ongoing member of a number of the memberships and fellowships. In particular, he is a member of the Chartered Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CPID), the member of the editorial boards of Human Relations, Journal of Management Studies , and Personal Review ( Business school n.pag.). He is also an ongoing member of the British Academy of Management ( Business school n.pag.). Prof. Watson says that he is “especially enthusiastic about narrative forms of research reporting as means of teaching and providing insights to a range of audiences about the complexities, contradictions, pains and delights of organizational and business life” ( Business school n.pag.). In the book In Search of Management: Culture, Chaos, and Control in Managerial Work , Tony J. Watson uncovers the problems of the managerial work from the standpoint of the attitude of the middle managers to their responsibilities and the company, for which they work. The Key Points of Criticism In Search of Management presents the interesting view on the organization’s management as the author analyses the different aspects of the managerial work taking into consideration the responses of the middle class managers regarding their job. It can be stated that the book is unique as the majority of other authors have not considered the problem in this context. In should be noted that the most part of the research on management is based on
Video-based learning (VBL) has a long history of development. First attempts were made at the time of the World War II. VBL were used to train soldiers. This method was very effective and led to the significant improvement of their skills. Subsequently, VBL becomes a more popular instrument in an educational process. Such videos also improved the professional competence of educators. By the late 1980’s, the development of video technologies made it easier to incorporate VBL in an educational system (Yousef, Chatti, & Schroeder, 2014). One of the most recent advances is massive open online courses (MOOCs). These courses provide access to educational material for a wider audience. MOOCs offer not only video lessons and practice materials but also interactive forums where users can get support from teachers and other students. Although distance education benefits numerous people, it has certain drawbacks as well. The main goal of this paper is to discuss MOOCs, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. Publications on that matter have become more relevant in recent years. Various specialists discuss ways for the improvement of VBL. The most relevant question is how to increase the effectiveness of VBL methods taking into account academic achievements of students and professional skills of educators. The introduction of MOOCs has changed the course of the development of VBL. This innovation offers many options to users. MOOCs are used by educational institutions across the globe. The international community needs more educational opportunities. For example, in India, “40 million additional university places are estimated to be required by 2025” (Liyanagunawardena, Williams, & Adams, 2014, p. 38). MOOCs can help to resolve this problem. Educational specialists divided MOOCs into several categories. The first category is connectivist MOOCs. They were designed in order to enhance collaboration and information exchange. The second category is xMOOCs. This model was developed to meet growing demands of institutions. The third category is artificial intelligence Stanford like courses that are focused on the aggregation, altering, and development of resources. However, MOOCs are mostly used in North America and Europe. According to Liyanagunawardena et al. (2014), “there is very limited participation from Asia and even less from Africa” (p. 39). There are various reasons for that. First, most towns and rural areas do not have sufficient infrastructure. Another reason is the lack of digital literacy and English language skills among the global population (Nkuyubwatsi, 2014). Other factors like an ability to comprehend a substantial amount of information and the delivery environment play a crucial role as well Also, completion rates of MOOCs are quite low. Many cases of repeated re-enrolment in the same courses are reported. The retention of users is one of the major challenges for MOOCs. There is not enough research on participants who failed to complete MOOCs. One of the possible reasons for students’ giving up these cours
Statement of the purpose There is a significant difference in the proportion of cholesterol values greater than the mean of the control group between the 2-day, 4-day and 14-day heart attack patients. Background Heart attack cases have been associated with the level of cholesterol in a patient. Low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol concentration is factor that contributes to development of atherosclerosis, which causes cardiovascular diseases (Brown & Goldstein 1984). This implies that with a reduction in the level of HDL cholesterol in a patients’ blood, the higher the chance of atherosclerosis. Conversely, an increase in the concentration of this cholesterol reduces the risk of a heart attack. Conducting of a heart disease therapy can be done by increasing the level of HDL-cholesterol. Therefore, some studies have correlated cholesterol with cardiovascular diseases. Currently, heart attack therapy is associated with the understanding of cholesterol levels in a patient. Studies have demonstrated the significant differences relating to cholesterol levels in patients. The High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) has been found to be significantly low than the control groups (Valappil, Chaudhary, Praveenkumar, Gopalakrishnan & Girija, 2012). Conversely, heart attack patients have been found to have a high level concentration of LDL cholesterol. This has led to some conclusions that these two kinds of cholesterol can be associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases. However, with varying results, no studies have put it confident that the level of cholesterol is significantly different in the heart attack patients and the control groups. Study significance The study will be vital in determining the significant difference between the level of cholesterol in heart attack patients and the control group. Last, the study will determine the significant difference basing on 2-day, 4-day and 14-day patients compared to the control group. Description A comparison study conducted by Valappil et al. (2012) revealed that reduced cholesterol in intracerebral hemorrhage patients was significantly higher than that of the control group, see table 1. Averagely, the total cholesterol was significantly different between the ICH patients and the control group. The results also showed that LDH cholesterol was low in ICH patients than the control group. This difference was significant, unlike, the difference in the level of HDL, which was proved insignificant. Table 1: mean cholesterol level in ICH patients and the Control group Control group  43% ICH patients   57%  A study by Carroll et al. (2005) indicated that the level of cholesterol continues to decline. The study was conducted in the United States by comparing the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 1988 to 2000. The average cholesterol decli
Introduction Ever since the realization that global warming posed a threat to the world became apparent, leaders from all corners of the world took or initiated measures to look for alternatives sources of energy. Thus, the establishment that the use of fossil fuels adversely affects the environment is important in explaining the shift to the use of renewable energy sources. This paper looks into the development of renewable energy in order to replace non-renewable sources. The historical background, the current state and the future prospects surrounding the issue are put into perspective. In the end, the paper considers the solutions useful in redressing the situation. Studies have pointed out that the free air in the upper atmosphere of the earth roughly one thousand meters above the ground is inclined to changes in temperature. The air is controlled by a solid temperature gradient, which increases as one nears the equator. As the gradient becomes stronger, the wind currents that are generated also get stronger. However, as the temperature of the globe alternates and the cold poles experience increased temperatures, the gradient disappears at a slow rate until each part of the globe registers a steady increase in the temperature. The disappearance of the gradient occasions a decrease in the speed of wind. This leads to adverse effects on the globe. Research has proved that over the last three decades the speeds of wind have been decreasing. It is alleged that vegetation growth contributes to this state of affairs. However, the use of non-renewable energy sources greatly contributes towards this state of affairs (Aitken 3-15). The current state and projected improvements After establishing that the use of non-renewable energy sources pose problems to the globe, attempts to shift focus to the use of the renewable sources have been ranked highly on the world agenda. Currently, the use of the renewable energy sources is at a low level. This view is held since countries such as the United States currently rely on fossil fuels for around eighty-five percent of its energy requirements. Plant biomass is used in the generation of electricity, heat and liquid fuels (butanol and ethanol). However, the use of biomass accounts for only three percent of the total United States energy consumption affairs (Aitken 3-15). Despite the discouraging statistics, the use of corn-based ethanol continues to register unprecedented growth. This is important as it underscores the value and the potential of the biofuel industry. It is however unfortunate that the use of corn has negative social, economic and environmental outcomes that pose challenges to the long-term sustainability of the source. Use of renewable energy in Minnesota State Amidst the concerns surrounding the development of new energy sources to replace the non-renew
Introduction A source of energy can be described as a system from which electricity can be extracted or generated. There are a number of sources of energy that are classified into either renewable or non-renewable energy. Non-renewable energy is characterized by the fact that once it is used, it cannot be regenerated easily (Richardson, 2006, p.3). On the contrary, renewable energy or rather the green energy sources can be regenerated and are thus considered to be unlimited. Each source of energy has its advantages, disadvantages, and economic benefits that make it applicable in a certain situation. Biomass energy An example of a green energy source is biomass energy which has found its use and application in modern society because of its economic benefits. Biomass energy is a source of energy that involves the use of natural living matter such as plants and animals. The production involves the use of biodegradable materials such as municipal solid wastes to produce energy especially electricity which can be easily marketed. This is mainly done using thermal conversion, a characteristic of biosphere technology that makes it the most environmentally friendly system of generating energy. This source of energy is substantially cheap, and therefore, it can be accessed by the majority of people who mainly use it before conversion into electricity (Richardson, 2006, p.5). Biomass energy can be used to replace most non-renewable energies such as petroleum products and the natural gas used for cooking. The latter sources of energy are not renewable and get depleted after use while at the same time polluting the environment. On the other hand, biomass energy is eco-friendly and can be recycled for a long time to generate energy. In addition to this, biomass can be a good substitute for paraffin and natural gas which are mostly used for cooking since it produces the same or even energy. Advantages As stated, biomass energy is cheap and accessible to the majority of people. Production of biogas involves the use of biodegradable materials thus environmental effects from the wastes are not so intense (Perez, 2010, p. 1). The conversion of biomass to electricity is also cheap, and thus companies that engage in this activity incur fewer expenses. This is because biomass is a readily available raw material. Disadvantages Reckless use of biomass energy has environmental repercussions. The major repercussions of biomass production