ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Project financing is one of the ways that nations and companies can come together to initiate an enormous project with huge capital intensive. The Eurotunnel project was a very expensive transport project that would connect Britain and France. The infrastructure required so much capital that it attracted so many banks and private investors. In 1984, the Eurotunnel project started with much anticipation to complete the task (Merna and Njiru 360). The time to complete the project was scheduled to be in 1993. At around the same time, there were plans in the European region to ratify important laws that would enhance a united economic growth. The project planning encouraged the private sector to own the entire work on the rail system. They were to finance and manage the infrastructure according to the signed agreements. The kind of initiative was still new with no previous references even in the world capital markets (Merna and Njiru 360). The two governments worked together to get a report for the sanctioning of the project. It recommended the construction of a rail link between France and Britain (Merna and Njiru 360). Several banks, together with the Arranging Banks came up with a report that the project’s financing would be purely private capital (Thumann and Woodroof 270). The Arranging Banks also joined with the leading construction companies in both countries to form the Channel Tunnel Group in the UK and France-Manche S.A. in France. It would later become the CTG-FM Eurotunnel system (Merna and Njiru 360). The consortium provided £50 million as the star
Introduction A genogram is a representation of different relationships and medical conditions within a particular family. Therefore, a genogram uses symbols and different colors to aid users in visualizing different family relationships, social relationships, emotional relationships, and the hereditary patterns within a given family (Santrock, 2010, p. 7). In addition, a genogram shows the psychological factors that influence relationships in various families. As a result, a genogram assesses the hereditary and behavioral patterns, which are usually repetitive within lineages. Conversely, a genogram is useful in genealogy, psychology, family therapy, psychiatry, and education because it helps different practitioners in these fields to explain various family dynamics and medical conditions concerning their clients. Therefore, a genogram helps psychologists to obtain information concerning clients and their families so that they can address various issues involving their clients from the perspective of the prevailing emotional relationships, family relationships, hereditary patterns, and marital relationships (Santrock, 2010). This essay presents a summary and analysis of my family’s genogram by assessing the interaction and the impact of environmental factors, genetics, and heredity on my family and me. A Summary of my Family Genogram My family has several strengths particularly in education, which can be traced back to my paternal grandparents and my mother who is an educationist to date. Therefore, education was held with high esteem in my family, and getting educated was very crucial to us. As a result, my sibling and I attended college whereby we obtained a good education. On the other hand, my father served in the Army, and from that environment and experience, I also served in the Army for more than two decades. Additionally, I inherited some physical features from my parents and grandparents such as my round-shaped head and dimples in my cheeks, which can be traced back to my grandmother and mother respectively. Moreover, I am five feet and nine inches tall and I think that I took the height from my father who is six feet and three inches tall. Furthermore, my family has a strong foundation in religious belief because the bible and praying are essential tools in our day-to-day life, which can also be traced back to both sides of my grandparents. Therefore, the tradition of attending church, having faith in God, and praying characterizes all three generations of my family. On the other hand, my family will always remember God during family crises and this culture has kept the family close for decades. It then follows that my family depends on education and religion to improve its wellbeing and status in society. Analysis of the Genog
Introduction The health care sector is a field that many people are unable to venture into because of varied reasons. Involvement in medical courses sometimes requires high grades in lower levels of learning which cuts out a significant lot whose interest could have been in medical health. However, some people have no interest in this field due to the nature of tasks and responsibilities of doctors, nurses, and laboratory technicians in a hospital setting. My growing interest in medical microbiology has taken quite a period to get to where it is now. When I was at the age of five, I wondered why people caught a cold, especially during the cold season. I needed to know where this “cold” came from and why it made people cough, sneeze, or get running noses. My inquisitiveness was of little help. The answers I got just prompted me to question further. I could not understand how this infection could be passed on from one person to the other. I needed to find answers to all my questions and this significantly built my interest in becoming a medical microbiologist. My high school life was so engrossed in health-related issues whenever they cropped up in class. I wanted to find an answer to questions that had piled in my mind. During my third year in high school, I had a chance to work as a community social worker under a program that was initiated to engage students in community work. I went to work in a local health center, entering data, and helping in other minor chores. It was during this time that I had a chance to visit a typical microbiology laboratory. I was introduced to some techniques that medical microbiologists use in disease diagnosis. By then, everything seemed so vague in my mind. I cannot even remember whether anything made sense to me by then. Qualities of medical microbiologist A microbiologist needs to be intelligent so that he or she can make logical decisions. This is important in a hospital environment. Microbiologists may need to decide which method or technique to apply in diagnosing diseases. This may be because of factors such as urgency. Some techniques applied in medical microbiology may take considerably long periods of time and the patient may not have time to wait depending on the nature of his or her disease condition. It is therefore vital that microbiologists take reasonable decisions applicable in such times. A microbiologist should also be able to work accurately and efficiently. Results generated from the lab are used by physicians to treat patients. If a wrong or erroneous diagnosis is made, definitely the disease treated will be wrong and the patient may end up dying. Therefore microbiologists must generate as genuine and accurate reports as possible. Patience and persistency is also an important characteristic that microbiologists should have. This will enhance good communication with workmates and patients independently. These are qualities
Introduction According to Engel (12), “ holocaust is a Greek word meaning to sacrifice by fire ”. Many Germans believed strongly that they were superior compared to every other race. The Germans also viewed the Jews as inferior. The Germans were against these Jews because they appeared to threaten their community. This “fear and enmity resulted in the bureaucratic, systematic, and state-sponsored persecution of over six million Jews” (Engel 49). The Nazi regime and its partners became the pioneers of the Holocaust. During this period, the Nazis targeted every inferior race in Europe. Some of these inferior groups “included the Gypsies, homosexuals, the disabled members of the society” (Hitchcock 21). The Nazis killed these individuals because they appeared to threaten their socio-political ambitions. This research paper offers a succinct analysis of the issues surrounding the Holocaust. Origin of the Holocaust The “German society had promoted various ideas such as anti-Semitism for very many years” (Hildebrand 19). Austria and Germany emerged as superior nations during the third quarter of the 19 th century. The famous Volkisch Movement encouraged more Germans to treat the Jews as inferior. The Aryan Race (the Germans) embraced new ideas in order to dominate the world. According to the Aryans, “the Jews formed a race and not a religion” (Engel 25). Anti-Semitism became an acceptable idea in every part of Germany. The educated members of the society also promoted the idea of inequality. Many “many Germans supported their race because they wanted to become superior” (Hildebrand 37). Many medical professionals embraced “euthanisation of disabled and mentally-ill patients” (Engel 93). Adolf Hitler’s Nazi Party became powerful in 1933. Adolf was against the empowerment of the Jews. His “ambition was to drive the Jews from the country” (Hungerford 29). Hitler’s party identified three key enemies. These enemies “included different racial groups, political opponents, and immoral individuals” (Davies 94). The major political opponents “included Christians, Marxists, and Liberals” (Hungerford 59). Hitler passed new laws to prevent the Jews from interacting with his people. Some of these “policies included the Law for the Prevention of Hereditary Dise
Introduction SWOT analysis can be used for strategic planning for almost any kind of companies (Simerson, 2011). In this paper, it is going to be applied to the current situation of the Toyota Company that is still recovering from the major crisis that began in 2007. Although SWOT analysis cannot be used to provide a detailed description of the company’s expected strategies, it can offer a generalized interpretation of the current situation along with the possible opportunities for future business growth. Toyota: Main Information History The Toyota Motor Company (Toyota) was established in 1933 when it used to create trucks for military purposes (Heller & Darling, 2012, p. 157). Since the end of WWII, Toyota started to produce non-military cars, both cheap and elite versions. It entered the world market in the mid-1950s and by the end of the 1960s it possessed manufacturing facilities in the USA, Brazil, South Africa, Thailand, and Malaysia (Heller & Darling, 2012, p. 157). Apart from that Toyota started to acquire car manufacturing companies back in Japan (for example, Hino) as it expanded rapidly. The key points of Toyota’s international marketing included adapting its products to suit the needs of the local customers and paying particular attention to the suppliers. It was the chain of suppliers and its effective management that allowed the rapid growth of the company. Still, in the end it was the mismanagement of the chain that led to the i
Friendship refers to reciprocity and obligation between unrelated individuals. Friendship varies from casual to deep relations. Adults form friendships that reflect on class variations. Graham urges that friendships in working places have kin links though workmates and neighbours are also featured. Middle classes are more concerned with personal interactions and are conscious of the people they choose as friends (1989). Friendship involves a concern for your friends. There are no set criteria for what qualifies one to be a friend or not (Graham 1996). Friendships though said to be voluntary and personal they are controlled by class, age, ethnicity, gender and geography (Graham 1989). Even with the flexibility in personal life there is still a cultural boundary between friendships and family (Graham 2008). People in social relations are associated with more positive feeling and happiness while those not in social relations are generally considered unhappy (Derek 1967). In friendships friends depend on each other for personal identity and support. They also recognize that they need space to form other relations and thorough this there is growth and maturity (Pahl 2000). Stereotype is also experienced in friendship. For example Brazilians studying in Europe and United States were met with the stereotypes that Brazilians are warm people and are easy to establish friendships. They are also said to have “greater emotionality” (Rezende 1993). This notion reinforces ones nationality and this affects negotiations between two people. In some societies close friendship between people of the same sex is looked at skeptically. In fact relationships of the same sex relationships are condemned in many societies. In other societies same sex relationships are recognized. The usage of words such as homosexuals, lesbians is used with a lot of care so as to be politically correct. People involved in same sex relationships defend themselves that what they have is love the only difference is that they feel it towards a person of the same sex. Some have even tried to have children and people in heterosexual relations say this is wrong. These kinds of relationships are a controversial issue and a lot of debate is going on about legalizing same sex marriages (Weeks et al. 2001). Young people at one point in their lives live with non
Introduction Vodafone is the largest wireless company in the United Kingdom. The company became the largest wireless company after merging with Mannesmann AG. Apart from being the largest mobile phone in the United Kingdom, it is also considered as the leading mobile company worldwide in the market share as well as in the production of cellular phones. Vodafone started in 1980s as a joint enterprise between Racal Electronics Ltd that was a modest successful electronic firm based in the United Kingdom and the U.S. communication firm. In 1985, Vodafone was given a license for producing mobile phones in the United Kingdom. The company performed extemporary well as a result of the great adoption of mobile telecommunication within the United Kingdom as well as in other parts of the world. Vodafone was the second company in the United Kingdom engaged in the production and sale of cellular networks in unregulated market. The company was only competing with Cellnet Company in this new industry until the 1990s. The company created most of its technology as well as dominated in the sale of cellular networks in the 1980s. Its duopoly in this new venture enabled the company to enjoy most of the profits generated from the sale of wireless phones as it continued to expand its operations within as well as outside the United Kingdom. In 1991, Racal Company which was a partner of the joint venture separated from the merger and the mother company adopted the name Vodafone since then. Despite the separation, Vodafone remained the leading company in the sale of mobile phones in the United Kingdom. The launching of Mercury’s Personal Communications Network in the 1990s resulted in a stiff competition in the cellular networks within the United Kingdom. The new company competed on its rivals on prices. Though Cellnet and Vodafone Companies were well established in the cellular market, they faced a stiff competition from Mercury’s Personal Communications Network that focused its advertisements on lower costs. The company offered lower costs for its customers as well as free-off peak calls to its clients. This forced Vodafone to lower its costs and mainly for business clients who used their phones more often. In 1994, Vodafone had the largest cellular network with over one million subscribers. The company had also a high international profile that enabled it potentially powerful of extending its local as well as international market. By 1997, Vodafone had greatly expanded its operations and acquired various companies, such as Talkland, Vodacom, VODAC, Astec, Vodacall, as well as People’s Phone. Vodafone merged with Mannesmann AG in Febr
Introduction Laws are put in place to protect people from injustice, to encourage fairness in society and to prevent anomie in a society. In Melton McLaurin’s book Celia, A Slave , the case failed to provide her with the fairness of which it advocates with the selective application of the law regarding rape. It also disregards her right to defend herself as seen in its refusal to allow a black girl to take the stand and give her testimony. This paper will therefore analyze the history of the story based on McLaurin’s book, give the moral anxieties it springs up, the reactions of various characters in the book and finally extrapolates on the inadequacies of the law in providing justice for the slave society. It also looks at Missourian Law and how it expressed a rift between how it regarded slave. Were they property or human beings? Main body The story tells of a young slave named Celia who was sold to a widower called Robert Newsom. She became his sexual slave at the age of 14 while on the trip home to Calloway County. This went on for sometime until she fell in love with a fellow slave named George who coerced her into ending her relationship with Newsom. Later that same day, Newsom came into the cabin he had built for her close to his house and sought her for the usual but she decided to defend herself with a large stick. She struck him twice and he fell dead. In realizing this she got rid of the evidence. Later George implicated her in his disappearance and she was forced to confess. This constituted probable cause and she was sent to jail. Due to the zeitgeist of the time, slavery was a hot-button issue that was proving to divide the US into North and South. In Missouri most of the residents were pro-slavery and therefore had very little regard for a slave’s basic human right. In the end, Celia was hanged by the neck until dead fro a murder she committed in self defense and unintentionally. Even after the death of Celia, the existing Missourian Laws were not extended to protect slaves until after the civil war in the USA. This story of an insignificant little slave girl is an important part of history. McLaurin illustrates that such stories, “often better illustrate certain aspects of the major issues of a particular period than do the lives of those who… achieve national prominence” (McLaurin ix). McLaurin delineates in his book that, “The life of Celia demonstrates how slavery placed individuals, black and white, in specific situations that forced them to make and to act upon personal decisions of a fundamentally moral nature” (McLaurin xi). Hi
Creativity has always assisted man in his survival. Man has encountered numerous life challenges since time in memorial. Human ingenuity has been increased over the generations. Environmental transformation has forced man to develop and exercise an inventive mind. Originality can be a criterion for persons continued life existence. In a group of eleven people, creativity was applied as a requirement for their survival. Established on an inventiveness criterion, four candidates were chosen to survive. Mary Evans, Mr. Blake, Mrs. Clark, and Father Frans were regarded as qualified to live on. Mary Evans was chosen first based on her probable imaginative ability. Mary might perhaps utilize the skill in a successful future life. Mary’s background in trade school education might be fundamental in survival. It is reasonable to assume that Mary had qualification in business operations. The ability might be advantageous to her survival. Further survival proof may be fulfilled by her artistic abilities. However, creativity might not be an assurance for Mary’s survival; conversely, the qualities, probably, will aid her continued existence. Mary’s sustained existence might be supported by her acquired training in trade. Mary Evans perhaps had inventiveness training; therefore, she might qualify in the criterion. Man having facts coupled with familiarity has probably increased over past centuries. Human ingenuity and awareness has benefits required by world trade industries. The world has increased in its dynamism hence, innovativeness and inspiration is necessary (Stromeyer 2009, p. 1). Creativity in the modern world can be considered as a vital component for survival. Mr. Blake was selected as a second candidate to survive. It was assumed that Mr. Blake had handiness capabilities. A possibility of creativeness could be attributed to Mr. Blake assuming his characteristics. Perhaps Mr. Blake’s B.Sc. mechanics qualifications may possibly assist him in creativity. It may be practical to assume that Mr. Blake’s outdoors gratitude could guarantee his creativity. Coupled with a possible building knowledge, Mr. Blake can probably survive if selected. Mr. Blake’s promising qualifications might be suited for an ability to live on. Mrs. Clark was considered as the third nominee for continued existence. Mrs. Clark’s electronics academic qualification could be assumed as a prerequisite to assist her survival. Possibly, Mrs. Clark’s electronics skills might develop into a handy means of life survival. Some individuals may argue that electronics might not have a guaranteed future. There is a possibility in the reasoning. However, there may perhaps be a requirement for electronics application in future. Mrs. Clark’s ostensible engineering qualifications could be utilized in adapting survival tactics. An engineer is assumed to have an inventive mind. Mrs. Clark probably possesses an ingenious mind based on her all
Underachievement is a term that has an ambiguous meaning and has often remained unexplained in the general sense. It could thus be restricted to a particular area of application and be defined though not with precision. In a school setting, underachievement refers to the inability of a learner to meet standards of performance that are set in the relevant level of study, which they have been established to have the ability to achieve. It could also refer to a school not meeting the national standards (Smith, 2005, p.1). In the past, it had been noted that female students were performing poorly in schools; perhaps this could be attributed to the traditions in some communities where girls were not given equal access to education. In the recent past, it has emerged that boys are underachieving in academic standards. Therefore, improving academic standards has been of concern to various governments in recent years (West & Pennell, 2003, p.3). However, a better way of understanding the issue is not to relate the performance of girls to the performance of boys; instead, the performance of every student should be evaluated by standards that have been set. Evidence of underachievement As has been stated, underachievement should not be considered as a relation of the performance of a particular class to the performance of another class. Each category should be considered based on their performance about the standards set. Indeed, it is evident that the performance of female students in the mathematics subject is, on average, far below the standards. Quite a similar case has been witnessed among students who learn English as a Second Language. The cultural factors that can result in the difference in the performance of boys and girls Some of the factors that can cause a difference in the performance of pupils in schools are related to the culture of the society from which the underachieving pupil comes. Some religious beliefs and teachings can also influence the performance of a particular class of pupils if teachings are carried forward to a learning environment. The solutions to the problems will be through the co-operation of teachers, students, parents, and national governments. Firstly, some communities did not consider educating females and often embarked on educating their male counterparts. As a result, very few females who make it to learning institutions find it hard coping up with the required standards as they are subjected to different learning conditions. Besides, the types of duties that parents will assign to their sons and daughters often influence the performance of the children. Quite often, female students are subject to daily domestic chores like co