ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The analytical report attempts to review the strategic issues in the differentiated financial regulation within the international banking sector and the likely future effectiveness of these approaches taken. The report also examines the existing gaps from the financial regulation scope as related to a series of financial activities, with a focus on lightly regulated or unregulated entities. Therefore, the paper will centre on the prudential regulation and supervision of banking institutions at present and their probable effectiveness in the foreseeable future. Prudential Regulation and Supervision of International Banking Institutions Background In 2008, the leaders of G-20 agreed to review the differentiated scope and nature of prudential regulations within the banking sector. In the following year, a report entitled Enhancing Sound Regulation and Strengthening Transparency identified the financial instrumentation and institutionalisation of regulations as prerequisites for leveraging off international banking institutional bodies. These regulations were then institutionalised and adopted by the G-20 members (Williams & Conley, 2014). Banking institutions across the globe have networks of structures and legal entities that offer a myriad of services across different multiple jurisdictions and interdependencies. The 2008-2009 financial crises showed the contribution of these banking institutions towards stabilisation of the local and global economies. As a result of their extensive economic reach and integration of a mix of unregulated and regulated entities, banking institutions have the capacity to bridge the gap among sectors (Zimmermann, 2013). Among the notable prudential regulations activated in 2009 by the G-20 include similarity in regulation and supervision of similar markets, products and activities of the banking institutions and integration of consistent regulations at minimal legislative variances. The supervision regulations were organised to integrate potential risks, especially of systematic nature, arising in large banking instructions or through interconnectedness and interactions among financial institutions of different sizes (Selmier, 2016). In addition, the international standards implementation guidelines were merged to guarantee consistency and avoid regulatory arbitrage or competitive issues. Current Issues and Gaps in Prudential Regulation and Supervision of Banking Institutions and Future Likely Effectiveness Banking institutions have a significant economic function but might threaten the stability of the financial markets at global and local levels. Over the years, supervisory authorities, governments and central banks have attempted t
Background This paper starts with a prime question: how has FDI contributed to economic success of the Asian countries? FDI is a form of market entry that allows foreign companies to invest independently or acquire an existing company in a foreign country (Sinha and Sanchari 62). Over the years, FDI has undergone many developments. Most of these developments seek to establish effective ways of adapting to foreign countries. These developments have not only provided foreign companies with competitiveness, but they have also affected the economy of host countries. However, given the differences in environmental factors surrounding diverse countries, this study proposes a research that seeks to establish the extent to which the Asian countries have benefited from FDI from Western companies. Aim and Objectives The main aim of this proposal is to establish how FDI has influenced the economy of the Asian countries. To achieve this aim, this study will adopt the following objectives:   * To evaluate and criticize the academic literature on FDI   * To achieve a higher understanding and knowledge of the most critical factors affecting FDI in Asian countries   * To determine whether it is possible to generalize the benefits emanating from FDI between diverse countries in Asia Literature Review Traditionally, acquisition of direct benefits emanating from FDI has always been premised on neoclassical theories. These theories, according to Johnson and Turner (223), consider FDI as a capital flow from the rich economies to the poor economies. While capital flow is considered as the direct benefit emanating from FDI, the indirect benefits are normally based on acquisition of technological, improved skills, competitiveness, and market expansion (Jensen 32). However, while some studies indicate that FDI helps improve economic growth of the host countries, others are opposed to this viewpoint. The presence of this gap within the literature necessitates a research that would help shed light on this issue. But according to Hutzschenreuter, Kleindienst, and Bieberstein (341), a country can only benefit from FDI when it meets a certain threshold in a number of areas. These areas include financial development, trade flows, infrastructure, and macro environmental factors. Research Method To answer the research question, this study will adopt qualitative designs. The sampling of the secondary sources will be carried systematically, as this will ensure that the study acquires the right information concerning the relationship between FDI and GDP, as well as the relationship between FDI and income per capita of the sampled Asian countries. In this regard, the study will adopt Financial Times, Asian Wall Street Journal, and Far East Economic Review, among other articles. In addition to this, the study will adopt academic journal and articles that will help establish the casual relationship between FDI and economic growth. Limitation and Future Research Since searching the correct data from secondary sources is time consuming, the study will only focus on benefits of FDI in
Introduction The Olympic Games have become the biggest sporting event in the world attracting thousands of athletes from nations all over the world for competition every four years. Nations and individual athletes take great pride in their participation in the event, and each Olympic victory is a source of pride for the country. However, these games have come under immense criticism over the last decades. There is a feeling among many people that the Olympics no longer perpetuate the traditional ideals of peace and universal goodwill that they originally embodied. Rather, the renowned world event has numerous adverse impacts on both the host countries and the athletes. This debate will argue that the Olympics mostly result in negative outcomes for the host country and athletes and this reason, this sporting event should be discontinued. Arguments against Olympics The Olympic events act as a security threat by offering a good target for terrorists. The initial intention of the Olympic Games was to promote peace and integration of the world’s nations. However, the games have taken a different turn that is now threatening the very peace that it initially promoted. Due to the large crowd that the event attracts, it has become an easy target for terrorist if the recent bombing in the Boston marathon is anything to go by. Such attacks might breed antagonism among nations, and this could hamper good relations hence affecting the harmonious co-existence of humanity. On the one hand, the Olympic Games wasted a variety of environmental resources and destroyed the environment, like trees, air, and atmosphere. To organize an Olympic event requires enough space to accommodate the expected spectators from all over the world. To achieve this, the host ends up cutting down trees and clearing bushes around to create enough room to put up a stadium. These actions lead to changes in the climatic conditions and have adverse impacts in the long run. In addition to that, air pollution is a major challenge and synonymous of the Olympic events (Wilson, 2012). Due to the increased transportation activities during the Olympics, air pollution caused by fossil fuels is proliferated. The increased amounts of litter due to packaging foodstuffs sold in the event is adding an environmental strain to the host (Wilson, 2012). The Olympics also a major health challenge to participants. Because of the pressure, participating athletes put in more efforts doing everything they can to win the games. The pressure that comes along for athletes to win in the Olympics causes them to go beyond the limit in preparations. Sang Lan a Chinese gymnast, for instance, is a good example of athletes who suffer from health complications as a result of the Olympic Games. In 1998 while doing her warm-up for the vault event final at the goodwill games in New York sang fell and could barely raise herself (Bernard, 2012). Taken to the hospital, she was found to have fractured her C6 and C7 vertebrae, and her spinal cord was injured which led to her paralysis (Wilson, 2012). Athletes subject their musculoskeletal systems to extreme physical activities due to the pressure of the Olymp
Personal information technology consulting refer to the field that aims at giving advice as regards estimation, management, implementation, deployment and administration of IT systems on the behalf of businesses (Kathy, 2005). It is also called outsourcing. This paper is a description of personal IT consulting activities and a framework for successful customer interaction and in doing this, the paper will discuss phased consulting activities and use communication and business models to illustrate how the process will be done. The industry of IT Consulting is wide given the integral part that ICT has now become in the modern world. To flourish in this industry therefore, it is appropriate to understand its key areas of opportunities which have been postulated by Kathy (2005) to be four: that is professional service providers (which are large firms with highly professional workforces with high charging rates), staffing firms (which offer personnel for other businesses in IT areas on temporal basis in times of shortages in such companies), independent consultants (who are self-employed personnel who offer IT services on freelance basis) and information security consultants (who offer IT services specifically in the area of security and protection of systems) (Kathy, 2005). These areas make the industry a four-tier industry with innumerable opportunities especially since its practitioners may work in any area with a lot of ease. Having identified the areas where IT consultancy is offered, it is now easier to distinguish an area that my expertise for which I would use my consultancy prowess to operate lies. In this case, I feel competent in offering advisory and consultancy services as an independent consultant and to properly offer these services, there are a number of competencies and skills that are imperative. First of all, there are five key principles that should inform my approach in offering these services (Western, 2010). These are:   * Clarity of focus on relationship – this is key as it brings clarity of mind as regards the client’s personality, expectations, their organizational structure and vision and other stakeholders that have to be incorporated in the services that are offered.   * Clarity of the role – this requires that I have clearly defined responsibilities and roles for the client, my consulting team, stakeholders and other relevant
Sustainability Initiatives as an Integral Part of the Contemporary Economic Environment The principle of sustainability is far from being new; however, it has firmly cemented itself in the context of the 21 st -century economy and gained new shades of meaning. Departing from the traditional interpretation of sustainability is addressing purely environmental concerns, the contemporary notion thereof in the realm of the global economy typically implies managing the risks associated with financial and social factors as well (McGullough, 2014). Creating a foil for more reasonable use of resources by attempting at changing people’s values and their perception of corporate assets, the sustainability framework can be viewed as outstandingly useful in the wake of the global economy era, where the cultural and social issues are equally important to the financial and economic ones in the business realm. However, it would be wrong to assume that the principles of sustainability, especially in its narrow environmentalist interpretation, factor into the contemporary economic environment flawlessly. Quite on the contrary, since the philosophy of sustainability and the business-related objectives often serve to meet different goals, they turn out to be not quite compatible. As a result, the regulatory requirements set in the global market play the role of restrictions of environmentally dangerous activities and are supposed to boost environmentalism-geared initiatives. However, despite the positive intent on which these initiatives are based, their aggressive promotion may backfire since people’s attitude toward the problem must be changed first. Therefore, the reinforcement of responsibility among the stakeholders and the focus on factoring the essential principles of sustainability in the framework Current Sustainability Initiatives: What Can Be Done to Improve the Situation According to the Saudi Arabian Vision 2030, the focus on preserving the biodiversity of the state intact and creating prerequisites for significant improvement in the environment of the state, including the restoration of green areas, must be deemed as the basis for the choice of business strategies (Albanawi, 2015). The state authorities are geared toward creating the environment in which more sustainable use of the available resources is a possibility, and in which pollution rates are bound to their minimum levels. Even though a range of objectives set in the said programs seems very hard to attain, with a due effort, the programs can be completed. The Green Economy for Sustainable Development initiative is currently one of the most commonly known projects geared toward the redesign of the contemporary business landscape and making the corporate strategies more environmentally-friendly. By definition, the program aligns with the Vision-2021, which concerns encompassing the opportunities for preserving the natural resources and using them wisely. What makes the project stand out of the rest of similar ones, however, is its focus on building the global community in which change will become a possibility: His Highness Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, the Vice-President
The native populations The estimates are that the current people who report to belong to the American Indians are 2.5 million. Compared to the whole of the American population, the number is significantly small. Moreover, this is just an estimate. The predictions are that the number might even be smaller. Given the small number, the American Indians are considered to be among the minority groups in the American society. The Native American Indians are exceptionally diverse group of people consisting of over 560 sub-tribes spread in almost all states. However, majority are living in Alaskan native villages. Due to their spread and small number, their tribes or bands are used distinguish them from the mainstream Americans. However, the federal governments, majorly for political reasons, do not recognize most of them (Kemnitzer, 2008). Tribes currently recognized by the federal governments are located in distinct cultural settings and in most cases speaking their native languages. The mostly stereotyped native Indian Americans are residing in the remote villages, far removed from the mainstream Americans. In most cases, they practice their own cultures. However, the practices have been undermined and discriminated against by the authorities. As modernization and urbanization continues to take its tall in America, most the natives have moved into towns. Currently, about 33% of the Indian natives reside in urban centers. However, quit larger population still live in tribal trust lands and reservations (Kemnitzer, 2008). According to the US Census Bureau, the Indian American population consists of the younger generation. The estimates are that 34% of the total population is below the age of eighteen. Compared to the American population the median age is 35 years and 26% are below eighteen years old. Only ten thousand Indian American children are attending school. The number is far much less than any other American minority group (Gutierres et al., 2004). The federal government has been attempting to assimilate the natives into the American mainstream. However, the efforts have been futile (Gutierres et al., 2004). The only way through which these groups of people can be assimilated is through schooling. According to the US Census Bureau, only 3% of the adult natives are literate. Most studies indicate that the Indian natives have undergone intergenerational historical traumas causing the low literally levels. Over the centuries, the native Indians have been discriminated against (Kemnitzer, 2008). To some extent, most of the tribes were exterminated in a bid to wipe them out. Even over the last century, the governments attempted to wipe out the cultural aspects of the Indian Americans. Even thou
It is of great importance to undertake market research for every organization. Kudler Fine Foods is not an exception in undertaking market research; they have taken this initiative to help in its growth. To start with, the importance of market research is lays emphasis on ensuring that there is minimal risk and the owners get value for their money for the business they are undertaking. The risk comes when the consumers are dissatisfied with the products that the organization is offering in the market. A market research strategy provides a benchmark on the way the organization progresses. It is through measuring of the progress that the organization gets to know of its performance in the market. The best way to ensure that consumers’ needs are met is ensuring that there is existence of communication between the consumers and the producers in this case Kudler Fine Foods. Establishing a communication that is aimed at finding out the satisfaction of the consumers’ shows the organization is caring about their consumers. Market research is important to Kudler Fine Food’s because it help them to venture in different areas as well as in the several fields. Opening of the various branches was as a result of market research. The same can be said of their products as they resulted from research carried on the most desirable products to their consumers (Armstrong and Kotler 2009). Market research for Kudler Fine Foods is also important to them in determining the available gaps in the market that they can venture into and benefit from. Through knowledge of the existing gaps, the organization well get to learn the best strategies to venture in these fields that have gaps in existence. Carrying out market research would be of importance to Kudler Fine Food’s when it comes to the uncertainties that exist in the market due to the market variables. Without the knowledge gained from marketing research marketing programs that the organization uses may fail. It is therefore the knowledge gained from marketing research that a proper decision is arrived at as well as enhancement of the decision reached by the managers. Among the ways that an organization may be able to maintain it competitiveness in the market is its ability to have a link between the environment and the consumers. Such information can be got from carrying out a market research. Kudler Fine Food’s would benefit from such information especially when it comes to development of their marketing strategy since they get to learn the best way to link up the main two variables in the market and come up with the best combination that would bring around success(Armstrong and Kotler 2009). However, though the organization has taken much initiative in marketing research Kudler Fine Foods can even benefit more from other areas of marketing research. The four Ps of marketing should be greatly emphasized when the market research is carried out. The way of promotion should be extensive
Introduction With the continued use of internet, the future of e-marketing no doubt looks like a bright one. Over the years, this prediction has sparked a series of debates about the prospects of e-marketing in the future. Some future happenings are pretty easy to predict. Such include the use of search engines and the consequent search engine optimization techniques. Others however are not as straightforward; For example, with reduced marketing efficiency of email marketing and banner advertisement, just what else will the e-marketers do in order to market their products and services efficiently to their target markets? Other marketing strategies like pay-per-click advertising may be in wide use today, but the future of such is not clear especially considering the possibility of click fraud. Though no one can correctly predict what the future really holds, this study seeks to identify the most prominent marketing strategies that will most likely form the future of e-marketing. Specifically, the study will look at search engine optimization, pay-per-click (PPC) advertising and content articles as the three prominent platforms that will most likely characterize e-marketing in future. Approach This is a literature review based study. The researcher will collect qualitative data from different published sources. Mostly, the study will use statistics and evidence published in reliable internet sources as well as scholarly journals. From the evidence gathered during the research, an analysis will be made on the most probable future characteristics of e-marketing. Since the future can be anything from now to eternity, this research paper recognizes that making predictions for such a length of time would be futile. As such, the term ‘future’ in this study is used to refer to 10 years from now. The researcher acknowledges that 10 years in the electronic age is still too much of a time to make predictions especially in view of the ever chang
‘All quiet on the Western Front’ is Remarque’s recount of his experiences in World War 1. Unlike other war stories that glorify war and depict the soldiers as heroes, Remarque tells the story from a soldier’s point of view, highlighting the negativity of the war especially on the soldiers. Through out the war, the soldiers get dehumanized and according to Paul, disconnecting themselves from their own humanity was the only way to survive the conditions in the war. He says that to the soldiers, a blast is “like a blow from the paw of a raging beast of prey” (Remarque 3). Amidst all the dehumanization that the soldiers had to go through, there were some instances during the war that the harsh conditions compelled the soldiers to revert to humanity. The brutality of war Erich Maria Remarque displays the effects of war on the soldiers through the characters, particularly Paul Baumer. Paul is introduced to the reader as an innocent young soldier who gradually gets dehumanized in the course of the war. Paul explains that they realized how horrible the war was. “We reach the zone where the front begins and become on the instant human animals” (Remarque 56). Paul tries to explain how the soldiers had to disconnect from their human side just to be able to cope with the war. The effects of the war were too harsh for the soldiers to cope therefore, in an effort to preserve their humanity