ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction T.S. Eliot is a British-American poet born in 1888, known as one of the greatest poets of the 20th century and his contribution to the English Modernist literary movement. Despite a long list of accolades, including the 1948 Nobel Prize in literature, one of his famous works is the poem “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” written in 1911 when Eliot was still a college student. The poem and his other works represented a strong departure from 19th-century poetry, with the development of techniques and modern themes in forms that led to Eliot’s writing becoming landmarks of historical literature (“T.S. Eliot”). The poem “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” analyzed in this paper is a representation and examination of a modern man, who is struggling with his perception of the world; both seeking a romantic relationship but facing tremendous emotional and psychological self-depreciation as can be seen through themes of indecision, loneliness, and anxiety. Summary The poem focuses on the primary character of Prufrock. The poem does not have a concrete narrative, but it seemingly does represent the passage of time. However, it is mostly a collage of thoughts, beliefs, fears, and imagery of this one man, living in a metropolitan city. Prufrock seems to be a middle-aged man who is hoping to find a woman, attending some social events in a city to do so. Soon, the reader finds that he is very indecisive, anxious, and self-conscious – not fitting in very well in society. He thinks that others are talking behind his back and judging him. He wishes he could escape this social world of tea parties and women “talking of Michelangelo” (Eliot 36). Prufrock seems to be in love, but he never expresses it, being cowardly and focusing on other problems. During all this, there is some important philosophical question that is brought up, but Prufrock does not yet reveal what it is. There are a lot of things that Prufrock wants to accomplish, but he keeps putting them off, believing there is lots of time, using the anaphora “And indeed there will be time” (Eliot 37). Prufrock continues his thoughts, discussing how he wishes he was a crab and further demising himself, that he is not a protagonist like Prince Hamlet, but rather a background character. He reflects that he never says what he means and that he is subservient, polite, and careful; all because he is afraid that nobody will accept what he has to say. Eventually, Prufrock grows old, and his worries and priorities have changed. The poem ends back with the sea metaphor, suggesting that he and whoever he is talking to are at the bottom sea, and as soon as they awaken, they will drown. Analysis Before beginning the analysis of the poem, it is worth noting the epigraph of the poem which is a direct quotation from Dante’s Inferno in Italian. Eliot was known to have been a
Primary education for children in bilingual immigrant families can be challenging for parents. They often face problems of cultural inconsistency, that is, a lack of understanding of certain self-evident norms and traditions. For example, in the United States, it is common practice for parents to attend school, while in South Korea this behavior is considered impolite. Parents can also experience psychological discomfort when communicating with teachers due to language barriers. Therefore, family engagement is the most common approach to reduce the distance between teachers and parents and improve communication. This paper aims to discuss how family engagement and other teaching strategies address the needs of dual language learners. Dual Language Learners and Family Engagement Dual language learners (DLL) are students who are educated in a language different from the one, primarily spoken at their homes. Interestingly, these students often also face a different cultural setting. DLLs usually are US-born children of immigrants, and sometimes of US-born parents. The most populous immigrant groups in California are Spanish, Vietnamese, Korean, and Tagalog. Since the immigrant population usually presents a considerable cohort of US citizens there are widespread educational practices developed specifically for the DLLs. For instance, the strategy of family engagement was created to improve the communication between the DLL’s parents and teachers. The US educational system recognizes the importance of the family in the process of learning new knowledge. Therefore, the concept of engagement was introduced at an early stage in the scientific discussion of DLL learning strategies. The idea behind this concept is to provide broader expectations for the families of students, that is, the perception of them as a strong partner with many opportunities. In other words, the modern US educational system is based on the idea that the family has more wisdom about the education of children than the school curriculum. In this regard, one of the main goals and objectives of the system is to create the prerequisites for improved interaction between families and schools. Equally important are such generally accepted concepts in the educational system as cultural capital, social capital, and human capital, as well as the approach based on the ecological theory fundamentals. In general, the ecological theory considers the children’s developmental systems such as proximal systems and distal systems. Proximal systems are the systems common for learners like school, and home, this is a tangible system in which the students exist. At the same time, the distal system is the concept that describes the more intangible, ideological aspects of learning like culture and neighborhoods. There is also a perception that these two systems present a bi-directional interaction, which is also studied. According to the theory, the only way to establish optimal learning is to harm
The connection between environmental, social, and economic spheres of life can be demonstrated through the lens of their intersection in different fields. One of them is agriculture, and its examination from the selected perspective seems reasonable in order to reveal the interrelation of the above concepts alongside the importance of sustainability. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the link between the mentioned areas applied to the production process. The primary source of information in this situation is the study of Chinese scholars intended to show the impact of crop residue and operations for its proper treatment. According to this article, the results of the assessment of regular procedures, including collection, transportation, and the subsequent conversion, imply the presence of environmental impacts (Zhang et al., 2021). They are connected to carbon emissions, which should be decreased in order to ensure the sustainability of this activity in the long run (Zhang et al., 2021). Meanwhile, the concerns are complemented by economic considerations, such as the costs of delivering them as well as energy utilization accompanying the process. In turn, the social aspect of this issue is the response of the population to their shifting living conditions under the influence of these practices. To summarize, the performance of any operations in different fields, for instance, in agriculture, is a multi-faceted activity. It implies the intersection of economic, environmental, and social concerns while their resolution depends on the implementation of efficient policies aimed at reducing the negative impact. This outcome means that sustainability is crucial for addressing all the needs as per the above categories, and the importance of this task is complemented by the necessity to mitigate different risks. Question: How can the enterprises involved in the process of crop residue management select a method which resolves all of the challenges of a social, economic, and environmental nature? (Singh & Upadhyay, 2018).
Introduction The legal scenario, in this case, provides an example of how the law is important in regulating business practices. From the case of Leon Musk and Alto Chef, it is evident that the law of the contract was used. This can be justified from the clause indicating the amount of compensation to be paid by Alto chef in case of damages. However, one understands how the scope of liability is critical in understanding the applicability of business law. Other important issues to understand from the case analysis include marketing and human resource management issues associated with business law. Law of contract This branch of the law defines a contract as a binding agreement between parties involved in commercial activities (Adams 2004, p.64). The contract is evidence of negotiation involving sale or hiring of services as in event organization. However, there are principle elements constituting a binding contract. These elements include an offer, acceptance, consideration, and intention to create legal relations (Koffman & Macdonald 2010, p. 17). Offer: Leon Musk offers Alto Clef with a venue to host a gig. From the offer, a total of £500, 000 is indicated as compensation in case of damages. The offer includes a performance period of 5 hours from 8 pm during the night. However, the contract between Leon Musk and Alto Clef did not have proof of intention to do business or communication of the same. Perhaps, this explains why Alto Clef continued to perform even after the event had a commotion before the gig started.   * Acceptance: A contract shows acceptance of terms, and the same is communicated to the party making the offer.   * Considerations: This constitutes benefits accrued from the contract by either of both parties. Leon Musk contract with Alto Clef does not detail the beneficiary of the contract. However, Leon Musk benefits from direct gate charges.   * Intention to create legal relations: The agreement between Leon Musk and Alto Clef is commercial. In this regard, the law recognizes the legality of the contract. Case law The probable outcomes from the case imply the contract was breached. The scope of liability in terms of damages indicates that Alto Clef can only compensate Leon Musk for five hours of performers. The disruption and damages at ‘The Party Factory’ started at 5 pm a few hours before 8 pm. The queuing system, as well as the security, was handled by Leon Musk. This justifies why Alto Clef is not liable for the damages caused at the venue. However, this protection can only be determined by the courts through an exclusion clause in the contract. Remedies From the above legal scenario, fans can be refunded for damages. Refunding the funds partially or in full would be considered. This is because the case exemplifies a contract between the fans and event organizers. However, it is
The Industrial Revolution, which started in Great Britain, was one of the greatest changes that had tremendous implications for the human race. It refers to a historical era in which the invention of new machines transfigured production processes from the 18th to 19th centuries. Remarkable transformations in the making of goods and transportation systems during the industrial revolution formed the framework for modern life. Before the Industrial Revolution, products were made from local workshops in people’s homes using simple machinery and hand tools (Mantoux 12). The family played a great role in the manufacturing process and selling of the products. The way of life was relatively difficult, and people opted to produce home goods and products. However, the discovery of newfangled technologies (such as the new forms of fuels, which replaced steam engines) transformed manufacturing processes throughout Britain. The Industrial Revolution was also characterized by the movement of people from rural to urban areas in search of a better life. Powered machines improved manufacturing processes, a situation that led to the sprouting of more factories and mass production of goods (Mantoux 14). This state of affairs resulted in many benefits to society alongside a number of social problems, suffering, and societal dissonance. The paper provides insight into the way the industrial revolution changed the lives of people with a particular focus on transformers such as Adam Smith, James Watt, and Wedgwood. The agrarian society that existed before the start of the industrial revolution used windmills and water wheels to power big machineries. However, these ancient machines were quickly replaced by emerging technologies in the early 1700s. For instance, the invention and use of the first steam engine to pump water during this era was a significant move for agrarian society. A new steam engine that was developed by James Watt in 1782 was used in factories to power machines (Cunningham 22). Many new discoveries and technological innovations not only improve the economic state of Britain but also the lives of its people. For instance, the invention of alternative agricultural tools, including the wheat drill, among other farm implements, improved farming activities since they were more efficient and required relatively less human labor. Another important aspect of the Industrial Revolution was the construction of the railway, which enabled people to move from their indigenous small towns to more urbanized areas. As they continued to flock to cities, the demand for various limited facilities such as housing, sanitation,
All activities related to business involve different types of risks that should be taken into account to improve development strategies and maximize profits. The universal principles of risk assessment apply to a range of spheres of life since they focus on the prevention of any unwanted events. This essay is devoted to the use of a five-step risk assessment model in personal goals such as language learning. Risk Assessment Stages The assessment of hazards can be listed among the most effective practices ensuring the positive outcomes of work-related or personal situations. To conduct a thorough assessment of risks, an individual or a working group is required to have well-developed analytical and systematization skills and pay attention to details (Luko, 2014). In addition, given that many unwanted events can be described quantitatively, people who conduct assessments are expected to work with numbers and make reliable predictions based on statistical data. Due to the seeming complexity of risk assessment processes, such techniques are commonly used in business, whereas many people do not dare to transform them to make them applicable to personal life situations. Risk assessment cannot be called a well-developed discipline because there are many disputes around the best practices that shape the process of analyzing potential negative events. The approaches taken to fulfill this task greatly vary “depending on the position one has in an organization” and inter-industry differences (Luko, 2014, p. 382). The risk assessment choices can be different because of the peculiarities of business activities and the degrees of project complexity (Williams, 2017). There is a step-by-step approach recommended to employers, and it can be applied to conduct personal risk assessments. The aforementioned model includes the following steps: the identification of hazards, the identification of vulnerable people and the ways of how they can be harmed, and risk evaluation followed by the development of precautionary measures (SETON, 2016). The fourth and the fifth steps are presented by the documentation of findings for further implementation and the use of post-implementation reviews to define the need for updates (SETON, 2016). Risk Assessment in Language Learning I have a range of plans such as starting my own small business, becoming a good leader and learning new foreign languages. When it come
Introduction Once a research on a certain subject is completed, the researchers enter into the step of compiling their results inform of writings. This gives them an easy way of examining their findings further, if need be. They can also use the written materials for future references and studies among others. Of worth noting is that, every research paper has to meet some requisites in order to appear standard; however, regardless of the researchers’ efforts to achieve this, the paper will bear both strengths and flaws, owing to some ineluctable causes. This is where critical analysis comes in to reveal some of these weaknesses and strengths to enhance quality in future work. This revelation is based on some employed research parameters like the research content and structure, as well as methods used. Among the researchers are Maurice Taylor and Ali Abasi. The two have cooperated in producing the research, Collaborative Learning in Communities of Literacy Practice. This paper critically analyses this research. As the title hints, Taylor and Abasi seek to unravel the mystery behind the collaboration pictured by Canadian adult students in their process of learning ‘in both formal and informal adult literacy programs.’ Analysis Based on the authenticity of the research, the article is well written, as Taylor and Abasi bring out the impact of collaborative learning to the community showing clearly the components involved in enhancing adult learning. They also include neat diagrams, which enhance the quality and the validity of their work. In addition, the article is rich in sense that, the reader gets to realize the underlying reason behind its publication. “The need for action on a pan-Canadian literary strategy” (Taylor & Abasi, 2007, p. 4) turns out to be the force behind the article. This clarification makes it easy for the reader to see the sense in adult literacy, which initially is hard to realize. Following the way Taylor and Abasi base their opinions on well-documented evidence; the article is all-round interesting. The depth of the literature review of the article compels the reader to go on and on to establish what other scholars have said about this topic in the past, giving him/her the chance to modify it, if need be. The identification of the research question comes early in the paper particularly in the abstract. The reader knows early enough the problem that Taylor and Abasi are trying to address. The question under study is, “how Canadian adult students collaboratively learn with peers in both formal and non-formal adult literacy programs” (Taylor & Abasi, 2007, p. 2). From the research question, these writers provide the reader with the objectives of their study. They want to come up with brainstorms of how improvements of the current literacy programs can be realized following the adult learning and tuition strategies. Moreover, the research question stands out as the writers’ hypothesis whose validity forms the basis of the r
Throughout history, managers have been charged with the responsibility of guiding and developing employees in order to improve their individual performance and that of the organization in general. As a manager, it is important to ensure that employees are shown the need to acquire desirable qualities such as professionalism, mutual trust and respect for others. It is also important that managers offer support to employees in their desire to improve their performance. As a manager, there are various things that one can do to ensure that employees acquire these traits and become better performers. A manager can therefore come up with an employee development program designed to help develop such cultures among employees. Such a program would help educate employees on the need for such cultural values and on the need to conduct oneself in a professional manner at all times. Such a program should be incorporated in other training programs of the organization and made mandatory for all employees 1 . Management of organizations should ensure that there is a strong organization culture and that the organizational values are clearly communicated to employees. Organizational values are able to help employees identify with the organization, find meaning in their jobs and consequently align their individual goals and efforts to those of the entire organization. A manager should therefore ensure that professionalism, mutual trust and respect for others are some of the core values of the organization and that they are well communicated to all employees. Culture has been described as the theatre of life and that it is a major part of an individual. Influencing culture therefore has the ability to initiate change in the behavior of a person for the best. A manager should set high standards of such cultural values in order to ensure that employees see the need to acquire them 2 . Leaders are expected to influence their followers to perform their jobs willingly. It is therefore important for managers to focus on their roles of influencing employees to improve their performance in order to achieve organizational objectives. Leadership focus is important in helping employees to work towards the attainment of organizational goals and objectives. A focused leader will ensure that employees are well motivated and they direct all their efforts towards the attainment of the organizational goals and objectives. The international business environment is becoming increasingly competitive and therefore a leader needs to be focused on business issues such as tasks, bus
Euthanasia is Greek word that when directly translated refers to the “good death”; more specifically euthanasia is a term that is used to describe death conditions that has been undertaken deliberately for purposes of alleviating suffering of an individual usually from a terminal illness for which no recovery is expected. Hence, for euthanasia to be defined to have occurred three conditions must be met i.e. it should be deliberate, must involve taking life and should be with intention of relieving “intractable” suffering (Rawls, 1971). There are various forms of euthanasia, but which are generally categorized into two types; passive euthanasia and active euthanasia. In this paper I wish to argue that euthanasia is not a moral issue and should be legalized globally since it is justified and should therefore not be regulated. Historical Background The debate surrounding the morality and legality of euthanasia is one that has been ongoing since the 17 th century when the word euthanasia was first invented and used in the medical field (Pateman and Rawls, 1987). In modern day society the actual meaning of euthanasia has taken different forms and is usually interpreted differently in medical and legal context. However it was not until the late 1980s when scholarly articles that advocated and argued against the morality of euthanasia were first published. In her article written in 1987 titled “Euthanasia”, Battin advocated for euthanasia by expounding on the moral virtues of euthanasia and why it should be used in the medical context (Pateman and Rawls, 1987). The case of euthanasia as advocated by Battin is based on the noble idea behind euthanasia which is basically to alleviate pain. Towards this end Battin asserts that “the relief of pain of a patient is the least disputed and of the highest priority to the physician” in direct reference to sole and major reason of carrying out euthanasia, a fact that is not even contested by the proponents of the euthanasia practice (Pateman and Rawls, 1971). Arguments for and against In the following section of the paper we shall analyze the various ideologies that have been advanced in defense and against the practice of euthanasia. Generally the positions of euthanasia proponents and opponents have to do with morality, religion and legal issues. For instance, the argument advanced by proponents regarding the need to undertake euthanasia in order to relieve such patients from their physical and emotional pains assumes a moral point of view all other factors being constant. From a religion perspective the debate on euthanasia continues to be a contentious issue because of their different viewpoints. However it is in medical perspective that the practice of euthanasia is most polarized, radical and a never ending issue of contention. On one hand for example, euthanasia practice radically contradicts the principles of medicine as well as on the very tenets that the practice of medicine was found. Indeed, the fundamental p