ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The contribution of religion to the animosity that subsisted between the Spaniards and the Indians in the 1540’s was massive. The Spaniards were mostly Catholics led by a Catholic King while the Indians were Christians who upheld strict religious practices. It has been severally argued that the religious practices built the values of the Indians and increased their vulnerability to slavery. The religious differences between these to groups led to unfairness in the slavery market. This, in turn, led to a lot of mistreatment of Indian slaves and it too led to war between the Indians and the Spaniards. The Spaniards had more superior weapons than the Indians and although they faced major drawbacks, they eventually won the war. On the other hand, the animosity brought about by the slave trade and the resultant war had a tremendous effect on religion. Many regions were depleted of their populations by the war and fellowship and administration of compliance to religious laws was compromised. Therefore religious growth was indubitably affected by the war and the slave trade. Although Bernal Diaz del Castillo and Bartolome were handling the same issue, their evidence about the religious aspects of these happenings was very different (Casas, 1992, p. 12). According to Bernal Diaz del Castillo, in the Conquest of New Spain . the issue about the heroism of Spaniards is unanimous. He argues that with superior weapons and problems of gun powder, their heroism was not guaranteed but they had to sweat for it. Bernal was among the people who discovered and conquered New Spain and a governor. AT the time in which Bernal watched this war, there were catholic kings who helped in the administration of the country. He argues that most of the conflict was occurred due to the slave trade. The slave trade brought about a lot of animosity between the Spaniards and Indians that led to counter measures by the Indians. The Catholic religious rules also affected the relationship between the Spaniards and the Indians. In fact it was the existence of religious infrastructure that led to the start of the slave trade. Even in his book, Bernal gives some credit to God for the successes that they saw. He says, “… let praise be to God, all things prospered with us” (Castillo, 1963, p. 27). In his story, there is also evidence of superstitious beliefs from the way the soldiers behaved. At one point Bernal’s captain kissed the earth and perfumed the others. This is a sign that these people were deeply religious (Castillo, 1963, p. 33). Bartolome de las Casas wrote this account after witnessing the animosity that was directed towards Indians by the Spanish. His work was a meant for the King to show him the way diplomats abroad had lost focus on the objectives that were laid down for them. This period of colonization that was marked by these genocides was characterized with evangelism arguably brought about by the cruelties of
Amazon.com, Inc. remains one of the top online retailers throughout the world, with active international operations in the majority of countries. The company’s ability to process up to 400 orders per second largely depends on the effectiveness of its international supply chain management (Ovenden, n.d.). The purpose of this paper is to analyze Amazon’s supply chain with the focus on possible risks, advantages, and disadvantages of operating globally. Amazon’s Supply Chain Amazon’s supply chain involves producers of goods or suppliers, warehouses and storage areas, distribution centers, a support team and managers to work with orders, distributors, and customers. This supply chain is considered to be simple, and the company’s success depends on locating warehouses and distribution centers close to large metropolitan areas (Ovenden, n.d.). Furthermore, the company uses the services of its distributors to guarantee the delivery of products within the shortest period of time, including same-day delivery. This process involves the cooperation of thousands of employees worldwide. Amazon works not only as a retailer but also as a logistics company to process its operations, and key steps of the process include placing an order, contacting the closest warehouse, bringing the order to a distribution center, sorting products by their bar codes, packaging, and shipping orders (Crandall, Crandall, & Chen, 2014; Ovenden, n.d.). Risks, Advantages and Disadvantages of International Operations Despite Amazon’s efforts in delivering goods within 1-7 days internationally, there are risks of delays for customers because of mistakes in the process of ordering and distributing the order. However, warehouses and distribution centers work most effectively in the United States, when the distribution of goods internationally depends on the work of shipping companies and post services (Crandall et al., 2014). If customers do not receive the product within the set time period, they are dissatisfied and can give negative reviews and feedback that influence other customers’ opinions. Amazon follows a consumer-centric approach to address its consumers’ needs. Advantages of international operations include Amazon’s ability to reach as many customers as possible and improve annual profits. The number of goods sold by Amazon grows regularly, leading the company to a prominent p
Introduction The themes of hunting, death, and free will are, in some ways, the core of the movie filmed by the Coen brothers. The movie is oftentimes called a “cat-and-mouse” thriller, and the reviewers point out that the hunter becomes the hunted (Foundas par. 3). A literal hunt, such as when a man hunts an animal, is shown to the viewer before the beginning of the main plot. The famous scene where Llewelyn hunts pronghorns in the vast Texas desert is a clear allusion to what is going to happen next, i.e., the start of the hunting of the main antagonist Anton Chigurh. From the beginning, the directors of the film warn the viewer that the movie is about at least two things: hunting and death (which are entwined, most of the time). Another hint toward the following massacre is Llewelyn’s “fight” with the dog that follows him into the stream; the character shoots the dog as it is jumping toward him. It seemed to me that the animals displayed in the movie were often pictured as subordinates or those who rely on a man’s decisions about their life. However, animal hunters are not the only ones in this film who freely decide who is going to live and who is going to die. Therefore, I believe that the subordinate position of the animals here only reflects the position of other men who will face another type of hunter using the hunter’s phrase, “Hold still,” just as Llewelyn does while he is hunting at the beginning of the movie ( No Country for Old Men). Figurative Hunting Using the dramatic pentad, one can get a closer look at the movie’s meaning. What is happening? A man stumbles upon what is, obviously, an outcome of a clash during a drug exchange operation. There are several dead people around and a car with a large amount of heroin. The man investigates the scene and can find the person who took the money from the scene – he is lying dead nearby with the case with two million dollars in it. The hunter takes the money, and from this moment on transforms into the hunted game. This situation could be likened to the typical hunting scenario where the unsuspecting animal takes the bait. The only difference is that the protagonist could hardly be regarded as unsuspecting as he is well aware of the kind of scene he has stumbled upon and that the money he has taken will be sought after. Who are the agents? Moss – the taker of the money, Sheriff Bell – the person in charge of the local police department, and Chigurh – the hitman hired by the drug lords to find the stolen money, are all involved in the hunt. When or where do the events take place? The story takes place in a desolate county in Texas. How does the hunt happen? It is bloody and gory and resembles a massacre more than a hunt. It is not as much a rapid chase, but a coldblooded and slow pursuit. In this aspect, the hunt among people can be juxtaposed to that of animals because the latter is based majorly on the physical abilities of the
Executive Summary Workplace shortages have become a common problem in Australia. Because of the upgraded demands towards employees and the unwillingness of the latter to train their professional skills on their own, the Australian public companies and private entrepreneurships have developed a strategy of mentoring, which has already been launched in several companies, yet its aftereffects still remain unexplored. By considering the opportunities that the mentoring approach can offer, as well as evaluating the threats that it poses, one can possibly decide whether approving mentoring in public and private companies is truly worth it. Introduction: Where Workplace Shortages Stem from Australian companies are facing a crisis. The lack of qualified workforce is having its toll on the companies’ performance (Fang, 2009). Although reasons might vary according to the chosen field, a number of companies in Australia suffer from the same problem, which is the inability of adopting the recent changes and innovations fast and efficiently (Jaworski, 2010). Therefore, the factors that cause workplace shortage are:   * Problems with tracking recent innovations (Kilpatrick, Johns, Millar, Le & Routley, 2007);   * High community expectations (Beth, 2012);   * High workforce expectations (Lindsay, Hanson, Taylor & NcBurney, 2008);   * Absence of cohesive organizational behavior principles (Iacono, 2010);   * Absence of clearly established corporate values, company mission and vision (Cummings & Patel, 2009). The Consequences of Workplace Shortages As one might have expected, workplace shortages will most likely lead to the most deplorable results in the nearest future. Finally, the lack of qualified workforce will probably lead to such phenomenon as migrant workforce. Therefore, the work quality will drop even lower, while the unemployment rates will sharply increase. Concerning the existing Alternatives: Workplace Mentoring and More A number of strategies have been provided to solve the above-mentioned problem. However, only three of them seem viable enough. Of these three, mentoring might be considered the most costly and time-consuming, yet it clearly has fewer drawbacks and will lead to better results. The Potential of Workplace Mentoring Naturally, mentoring has a number of advantages compared to other strategies suggested as an alternative for the Australian entrepreneurships to adopt. For example, raising the retirement age seems a rather unjust move, while mentoring is, on the contrary, a very reasonable suggestion. Among the key benefits, the following must be mentioned:   * Upgrading the employees’ skills (Rayburn, 2010);   * Using an individual approach (Holding, 2012);   * Learning the employees to adopt a different (optimistic) approach towards working and learning (Burgess & Dyer, 2009);   * Promoting the idea of lifelong (self-motivated) learning (Morrison, 2004). It is also crucial that the chosen workplace mentor should have a set of specific qualities that will help the given mentor train the employees in the most efficient way possible. The given issu
While the doctor is correct in identifying B-cells’ contribution to fighting the infection, he does not tell the entire story. The B-cells belong to the so-called third line of defense, which activates when the previous ones could not contain an infection (Cowan, 2017). However, the role of T-cells is equally relevant during that stage (Cowan, 2017). The two types have different developmental cycles, challenges, and responses, with B-cell triggering the secretion of immunoglobulins and T-cells leading to cell-mediated immunity, but both are extremely important for fighting infections (Cowan, 2017). B-cells are also responsible for maintaining T-cells and suppressing the expansion of the pathogenic types, potentially caused by cytotoxic cells, which could explain why the doctor emphasized B-cells’ importance (Rosser & Mauri, 2015). However, the potential of various T-cell subcategories should not be underestimated, as some also stimulate B-cells activities and facilitate natural immunity, which will make Bruce eventually recover (Cowan, 2017). Overall, the doctor could have highlighted B-cells’ role in fighting the diseases and regulating T-cells, but both are important, and the latter might be more potent in fighting Bruce’s infection than expected.
In ancient times people thought that whatever is buried with an individual would belong to him in the afterlife. Although further in history, people have moved from this idea, the question of whether a person should be buried alone or with personal belongings is up to everyone to decide for themselves. This essay will cover the topic of how I would design a tomb for the afterlife and what objects I would have wanted to be buried with me. As some nations perceived the burial ritual as a starting point of the soul’s journey to heaven, the tomb was supposed to be the soul’s vehicle. The burial even included solid and liquid offerings as a suggested provision for the deceased person’s last journey (Murphy, 2020). If I was given a chance to accommodate a tomb for my soul’s journey, I would decorate it in a way that would not let me forget about the life I have spent. First, I would make sure to put up portraits and photos of family members and close friends. Next, I would place objects of my achievements, big and small, that were important to me to show my life values. Lastly, I would have placed objects to represent my hobbies and favorite activities. I do not have preferences for the coffin design as I regard it as just a container for the body; I only need it to be sturdy and not fall apart. In terms of painting the tomb walls, I would have wanted them to remind me of my home or my favorite place. The wall design could feature a painting or a photo of my family from outside the family house window. In conclusion, I think that anyone would design their tombs for the afterlife differently based on their life priorities and their life journey. Mine happens to focus on the people surrounding me, the memories we have made together, and my life journey. If the tomb is a vehicle that takes the soul and transports it to another destination, I would want my soul to remember these things about me. Reference Murphy, J. (2020). Death in late Bronze Age Greece: Variations on a theme. Oxford University Press.
Advance Medical Directives An advance medical directive (AMD) is a legitimate manuscript used to highlight particular prospect clinical care resolutions only when a patient is not healthy physically or mentally to make medical care decisions. The form authorizes a health care representative or an attorney to make treatment and other medical selections for a person in a critical health state. Similarly, the directive can be a will written by a patient with the direction and discussion of a physician on their end-of-life wishes (Butts & Rich, 2019). The AMD is strictly employed at a critical time when an individual is incurably sick or is permanently unconscious. According to Carr and Luth (2017), the living will state the medicinal management kinds the person would either like or not to obtain in these circumstances. The document defines under which situations an effort to prolong life should be executed or denied. The above-stated might include dialysis, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG), and life support equipment, among other services. This paper discusses the tube feeding part of an advance medical directive at St. John’s hospital in Oklahoma. Christian Healthcare Organization and Rights of Patients It would be assumed that all hospitals and healthcare facilities will follow the latter patient’s end-of-life wishes as directed by the state jurisdictions in which the health institution operates. However, some Christian-based hospitals like St. John’s medical center might have policies and moral obligations that sometimes conflict with clients’ AMD. The St. John’s hospital is entrenched in the devoted ministry of Jesus Christ as the true healer. The facility commits itself to help all individuals with particular consideration for the underprivileged and defenseless. The health care system offers spiritually centered, holistic care that sustains and advances persons and society’s health. The institution advocates for compassionate and just humanity through information and engagements. It is situated in the midtown center and has about seven hundred physicians with additional branches throughout Oklahoma. St. John’s Hospital Policy on PEG The hospital policy states that every patient that cannot feed normally has to be put on PEG. Second, the di
Introduction The article that was selected was one which recorded the events of Tuesday, June 7, 2011. The article itself was titled, The New Generation of Microbe Hunters. An epidemic had been reported to have occurred and it was an outbreak of food-borne bacteria (Kolata 1). The deadly bacteria had claimed the lives of several dozens of people in Germany and caused several other hundreds to fall seriously sick. Five doctors, who were apparently taking dinner, were recorded to have had a long discussion about the matter at hand. The greatest fear of the doctors was the fear that the same thing could happen in their area (Houston) and they would not be able to help the patients since the strain of the bacteria had not been determined. One of the doctors was the chairman of pathology at a certain hospital. The victims who succumbed to the disease were said to have shown signs similar to those of a victim of inhalation anthrax. Another fear was the possibility of the strain to have been genetically modified by some terrorists. Relation of the article to studies in microbiology The article relates to studies in a microbiology class where we study on microorganisms such as the bacteria. In class, information on the existence of both good and bad bacteria was acquired. This meant that some bacteria could be useful to humans while others could be very deadly. The bacteria could be said to be bad when it causes diseases which are, in most cases, very deadly. The microbiology class therefore helped me to understand the article very well since I could identify the type of diseases that microorganisms such as bacteria could cause. In microbiology, there is a subject on genome sequencing and this subject was useful to the scientists as shown in the article since the investigators used the newly available technology to determine the whole gene sequence of the bacteria that was causing the disease. This was the method used in the identification of the strain of the bacteria so as to be in a position to deal with the problem (Kolata 1). Immunology was also mentioned in the article and it is the study of the immune system. The microorganism may interact with the body of the host and escape the wrath of the immune system and therefore survive in the body of the host rendering him or her helpless. I found the article very interesting since I was able to learn a lot on the diversity of the strains of bacteria that are in existence. Researchers have identified 1,554 full bacteria sequences and are still anticipating some 4,800 more. Another thing that captured my interest was the fact that bacteria could be used as a lethal weapon by terrorists. The article was also informative on the methods of preventing future incidents of such outbreaks. One of the methods identified was the development of disease weather maps. This is generally the mapping of the presence of bacteria
Friedman (2005) argues that technology adoption is resulting in the transformation of geo-economics and lives of individuals. Indeed, there are different angles in which the technology has transformed the lives of people, ranging from deployment of technology in production to the revolution in information technology. The tone of the argument presented in the article shows concern over the pace at which technology is taking shape in the contemporary world. Friedman notes that technology has grown at a pace that has left many people unable to comprehend. One thing that is pointed out in the article is that a technological revolution took place immediately after September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks in the United States. It was hard for people to realize the revolution in technology as they had diverted a lot of time and focus on analyzing and assessing the September 11 incidence. Arguing that the concentration on the September 11 attacks impeded people from realizing a revolution in technology, especially information technology is not up to the point. Contrary to this argument, it is argued that the September 11 attack in the United States is a factor that sparked the use of technology to enhance safety and security of people. Sporadic communication was witnessed after the attack as people sought to ensure that other people were safe (Azari, 2003). Another perspective of technology as presented in the article is that the dot com burst and Enron could be viewed as an end to globalization. However, that was the beginning of globalization and the realization of a more compact world, enabled by availability of technology. This is notable in the way the author explains his visit to India. The realization by the author about the possibility of making multiple transactions at the same place led him to realize the tremendous development in the field of technology (Friedman 2005). Technology had attained a high level of transformation with the ability to engage different stakeholders from different regions on a single information technology platform in one destination. Therefore, ability to transact makes the world smaller and more compact, thereby enhancing business. In the article, Friedman notes that the development and deployment of technology in the world accelerated in the bubble era. The bubble era was marked by a revolution in information and communication technology as a result of the spread of internet technology and the development of the World Wide Web, which saw a lot of people use the World Wide Web in enhan