The American civil war is the most deadly event that ever happened in the country’s history because it led to the death of more than half a million people and left a million of others physically or mentally injured. The war was triggered by the southern states rebellion when they declared that they were no longer apart of the United States of America and instead they formed their own separate union, the confederate states of America led by Jefferson davits. The source of this conflict was the fact that republicans had campaigned against slavery and wanted abolition of slavery expansion in areas that did not have slaves. The Republican party won the 1861 elections and before they had taken office the southern states declared the rebellion which Abraham Lincoln the elected president rejected. The southern states forces started attacking the other states and this made Lincoln to declare war against the rebellion and also abolished slavery in the south .The war took four years after which the northern states won and that meant end of slavery end of the confederacy and the beginning of a functional federal government in the United States. The slaves were freed under the emancipation proclamation through which president Lincoln gave orders that all salves in the confederate states would be freed if the states did not return to the union. Although the slaves were freed, they needed legal protection from the whites who did not support the abolition hence amendments were made in the constitution so as to completely declare them free American citizens. The proclamation led to the freedom of most slaves though it was a war weapon which did not make slavery illegal so Lincoln decided that it would be appropriate if it was passed as a law and this led to the thirteenth amendment of the American constitution. The law was passed by congress in 1865 and it declared that “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude…shall exist within the United States.”Slavery was defined as any harm or threat made to a person that they would suffer if they did not offer forced free labor while involuntary servitude was holding a person hostage by force or trough threats of legal coercion so as to perform labor against self will. The amendments protected the blacks but still there was need for more legislation in regard to their discrimination and hence the origin of the fourteenth amendment which was titled citizen rights and was passed in 1868. After the abolition of slavery a newspaper in the north was had an editorial titled “Slavery is dead, the Negro is not, and there is the misfortune ‘’. The fate of the slaves after gaining freedom was not stipulated at Lincoln’s death and hence there was a lot of confusion. There were discussions whether they were to receive economic rights of the whites under the PI principles of property and contract and unrestricted pursuit of economic gain, putting them on the same status as the white men and also no one knew if the freed slaves would receive political rights such as voting and ability to serve in public office, free speech and free expression. The blacks owned nothing, no land, houses and also they were not allowed to attend school. The northerners did not want their presence in their states since they considered them