Introduction One of the most common forms of pathology of the nervous system is neuroses. The term neurosis is used to refer to functional disorders of the nervous system. Neuroses are associated with “diseases of civilization” and associate their widespread prevalence with the growing urbanization of the population, information overloads, reducing the impact on human life, affecting both social factors and psycho-traumatic factors. It must be emphasized that the experiments cannot be carried out with the use of mice if there are other replacement methods for obtaining relevant results. It is ethically correct to strive to improve the conditions of experimental animals in a vivarium. Laboratory Rodents The neurosis studies were chosen due to the fact that they mainly use rodent model organisms, such as mice due to their mammalian feature. In addition, the symptoms of neurosis are highly similar to human ones, thus, laboratory rodents serve as an outstanding template for laboratory studies (Varela et al. 17). Neurosis is among the most prevalent diseases of the nervous systems, where pathological features are present across all mammals (Castellano et al. 491). In addition, the mice and rats possess short life spans and gestational periods compared to other mammalians. Their larger litter size is another key advantage of conducting experiments in the mice (Castellano et al. 490). Thus, rodents serve as a highly useful model organism due to their genealogical closeness to humans and shorter life spans. 3R’s Concept The concept of 3R’s is an essential idea, which helps to significantly increase the productivity of the experimental procedures. The principle of reduction is aimed at reducing the number of animals involved in the experiment. It is possible with a careful preliminary study of the “design” of the research, including taking into account the preliminary results of in vitro experiments and computer modeling. The refinement principle possesses an optimal minimum required for a specific study of animals is established by statistical analysis (Konger et al. 687). Thus, the variability of individuals within a species as a basic problem of a biological experiment can be solved by using genetically identical animals. The principle of replacement involves conducting an experiment using scientific technology without using animals in all possible cases. For example, insulin testing can be carried out not by a biological method on animals, but by laboratory chromatographic analysis. Complete replacement of animals in the experiment is unlikely, so the idea of developing alternative models is bioethically attractive. Therefore, reduction, refinement, and replacement allow to easily navigate and structure the research data and its variables, which make a significant impact on the accuracy and precision of the experimental studies in neurosis (Konger et al. 690). In addition, the study flow becomes more fast-paced due to the orderliness of the research tasks. Neurosis studies Neurosis studies in mice determine the key underlying changes occurring in the body. Epidemiological studies of neurosis are due not only to the great medical but also to the socio-economic significance of this problem: the incidence of the symptom is the central part. Therefore, the development and preclinical evaluation of the effectiveness of new anti-neurotic agents (Leung et al. 2). Pathogenetic aspects of the forma