ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Executive summary This report subjects NSW health and the operations which it undertakes into scrutiny. It analyses the issue of safety and quality of health car services which the system offers. It focuses mainly on the corrective measures which have been put into the system to improve service delivery in reference to safety and quality. Generally the report discusses performance measures which NSW health has used as benchmarks to the quest to improve service delivery to the community. The method which these performance measurements have been employed also feature in the report. Introduction Performance measurement can be explained as the complement to process execution. In health care, it can be said to be the assessment of delivery (Smith et al 2005). It aims at providing information that can be used to improve the delivery of services. Performance measurement tries to define the parameters under which programs reach target results. The fundamental rationale behind performance measurement can always be identified as improvement of performance (Smith et al 2005). This report identifies safety and quality of healthcare services as one of the publicized failures to the NSW health. The report further aims to establish the use of performance measurement can be of help in improving the safety and quality healthcare services. The government of New South Wales established this public health care system to offer quality health care to the citizens of NSW. The system faces many problems in the quality of patient care. This report highlight majority of those issues and the response NSW health have put to try and improve service delivery. The criticisms leveled upon NSW health have given the organization an incentive to improve. There are numerous methods that can be employed to improve the safety and quality of heath care services (Smith et al 2005). The methods which integrate the use of performance measurements are discussed. Safety and quality Safety and Quality from the benchmark at which people gauge the effectiveness of a health care system. Safety of healthcare services has become a critical issue in recent years. The rising numbers of high profile incidences which have occurred have made it a major concern (NSW IPART, 2008). Reducing these incidences can go along way into enhancing improved quality and safety of the services. Quality of healthcare forms an important part of the entire system. It helps to improve safety as well as leading to better outcomes. Better outcomes translate to patient satisfaction with the health care services offered. In the NSW system, these aspects have been identified as critical issues for review. A special commission has even been set up to define whether there exist any issues which impact the delivery of acute services in the system. The commission looks at the performance of the system in regard to safety and quality. A good number of entities have been set up to enhance performance standards in an effort to improve safety and
Introduction The botanical garden is one of the most interesting places among the remarkable sights in almost every city. Last month I was lucky to visit the New York Botanical Garden presenting the vast diversity of plants from the different parts of our planet. The aim of this essay is to tell you about my visit describing the collection of the botanical garden as well as the organization of its functioning. The Principles of Organization and Educational Value The characteristic of the principles of organization of the New York Botanical Garden should be started from the statement of its mission which is expressed as “being an advocate for the plant kingdom” (“Mission and History,” par. 1). The realization of the mission is accomplished by achieving the Garden goals. “The Garden pursues its mission through its role as a museum of living plant collections arranged in gardens and landscapes across its National Historic Landmark site; through its comprehensive education programs in horticulture and plant science; and through the wide-ranging research programs of the International Plant Science Center” (“Mission and History”, par. 1). The garden occupies a space of 250 acres, and it is divided into 50 distinct parts, each of which is devoted to the certain species collection. Besides the exhibited collections, there is a research laboratory which represents a scientific center of the Botany study. There is also a specialized library serving the needs of researchers and students. The maintenance of the garden is fulfilled in the frameworks of the overall program of sustainability promoted by the Botanical Garden. Certainly, the New York Botanical Garden has an educational value as it gives an excellent opportunity to see the rare species of the plant kingdom, to know more about the plants healing properties and the utility of some species in the industry. Moreover, the Garden periodically issues the reports summarizing the results of the scientific research on the problem of global warming, thus, contributing to the environment protection. The Exhibited Species and Areas of Interest At the time of my visit to the New York Botanical Garden, there were several ongoing exhibitions. I decided to go to the one presenting the healing plants from all over the world. The exhibition took place in one of the gardens reconstructed in the style of the Italian Renaissance. Among the species seen, the following ones were especially interesting for me: the foxglove, a beautiful bloomy plant the extract from which is used to treat heart diseases due to its content of certain poisonous substances, saw palmetto, which is broadly used
Introduction The mid-fifteens and late seventeen periods were comprised of numerous inventions and that is the reason why the period is referred to as the age of discovery. It is during this period that the European scientist drafted the universe sketch, which has currently been adopted. There is also a great connection between the mathematicians, astronomers, and physicians of then and those of the current times. Most of the discoveries have been improving as technology changes. By 1522, the Europeans had managed to go round the world through the waters. The first trans-Atlantic voyage was undertaken by the Portuguese who went around the Cape of Good Hope and later advanced to China. The significance of the age of discovery can be linked to the maritime exploration of the ocean through a single system of navigation. Indeed, the exploration enhanced the growth of European geographical knowledge and consequently led to the rapid expansion of European trade and territorial control. This paper seeks to keenly analyze the origins and motives in the age of discovery. The intellectual temper of the sixteenth century Among the intellectual tempers of the sixteenth century include the conservative and loyalty notion among the people. People had the respect of authority to an extent that they never questioned it. This greatly affected the students of science who were less concerned with the research program but rather attempted to establish a neat and consistent phenomenon explanation. Most of the research done around this period was based on a mixture of intuition and reasoning and very little observation hypothesis. It is as a result of this intellectual temper that the scientists found themselves disapproving a fact that was earlier considered and proven to be true (Parry, 2). Relationship between science and technology There was a close relationship between pure science and technology in not only learning the geographical knowledge but also in the establishment of modern western civilization. Most of the boundaries established then are still in use even in the modern world (Parry, 1). Inventions were undertaken during this period as the scientist’s sort to attain better and accurate research findings to back their theories, for instance, a telescope was invented to make it possible to measure and observe features at relative distances. There was significant importance which sort to connect technology with science in order to make it practical. The technological attitude also changed positively and became the principal characteristic for science applications. Moreover, the latter played a big role in western civilization. In addition, the reconnaissance between technology and science led to the rapid growth of Europe, and consequently the worldwide conquest (Parry, 16). The reconnaissance period The fifteenth century was termed as the reconnaissance period since it marked the beginning of European explorations. During this period, the theories and information obtained were said to be more reliable in the modern world as they were characterized by intensive and extensive stud
Introduction Environmental issues have been on the global agenda for a while (Clay & Fong 2011). The issue in question has been addressed in a variety of ways, from reducing the number of fumes exhausted by car and industry owners to the reinforcement of the concept of sustainability (Gupta & Tuochy 2012). The use of alternative energy is viewed as one of the ways of managing environmental problems (Maltitz & Stafford 2011). Definition The use of biofuel can be viewed as one of the safest and the cleanest ways of improving the current environmental issues and promoting the concept of sustainability as the foundation for the change on a global scale. Biofuel is defined as the biomass that was converted into fuel. Among the key components, organic waste needs to be mentioned (Pandey 2012). By incorporating organic waste into the process of biofuel creation, one makes sure that the process of its consumption will not trigger any side effects that will cause harm to the environment, such as the emission of CO2, etc. Key Argument Biofuel has a range of advantages compared to other types of fuel. First and most obvious, the amount of greenhouse gas that the identified type of fuel produces is much lower than the one exhausted by cars run on other fuel types (Borowitzka & Moheimani 2013). The opportunities for economic growth that the usage of biofuel opens for developing countries should also be mentioned as one of the greatest advantages thereof. Finally, biofuel is sustainable, which means that it provides a flexible approach to the use of resources. In other words, biofuel helps reduce waste greatly (Marshall 2014). Counterargument It should be borne in mind, though, that, when produced incorrectly, biofuel can also emit CO2 and, therefore, cause even greater environmental issues. Therefore, when investing in the production and the further consumption of biofuel, one must bear in mind that the specified phenomenon is not a silver bullet but, instead, a complex tool for reducing the harm done to the environment. While not harmful, it may be mi
Greed or “avarice” in Christian morality has always been a blameworthy vice, one of the seven deadly sins. Buddhists believe that strong desires, lust and craving lead humans away from the path of Enlightment. Hinduism also claims that covetousness is the root of all evil. The public opinion has been unequivocal as well: the greed deserves the scorn; it is unacceptable in the context of the social propriety. Still, what do we actually know about greed? What do we know about the concept of greed and psychological mechanisms of its occurrence? Would it be possible to assume that greed could be transformed from a vice into a socially useful feature, a potential agent for change? This paper focuses on the study of the concept and psychology of greed and attempts to prove that greed can be useful for society, using several historically significant humanities and social science works to prove this thesis. First of all, it is important to contemplate the idea of greed and its perception. It is also important to differentiate the concept of greed from similar concepts and, essentially, from misconceptions. According to various psychological researches, greed is the feeling rooted in insecurity and fear, which emerges in early childhood when a person is deprived of his basic needs. If greed becomes a dominant character trait, it is capable of completely ruining a life of an individual; however, intrinsically greed is an echo of an ancient survival instinct that dictates a human to compete and gain success at all costs. It is a very consistent motivation, and when viewed impartially, it is a driving force behind many successful initiatives, political systems, and societies. While the feeling of greed can be directed at various subjects, material and abstract, real or conceptual, this is where the differentiation begins. Numerous emotions and intentions can be driven by greed, or otherwise, can be mistaken for it. For example, a well-known aphorism by Walter Savage Landor says: “Ambition is but Avarice on stilts and masked” (21). However, in modern society the ambition is not a vice, quite the opposite, it has become a welcome and cultivated feature. A person can crave for power and wealth, and such lust can be destructive for the individual as well as those around him or her, but one can also aspire after a specific status or attention, or strive for knowledge. It would be a fair assumption to say that not every manifestation of greed can be viewed and judged in the same way. Moreover, modern psychology has come to a conclusion, that when subjected to constant displacement, greed can lead to the emergence of a socially acceptable “persona”, a substitute for personality, which will be manifested in denying such trait in oneself and intolerance and constant criticism of it in others. A. F. Robertson in his book “Greed” states the following: “Moral notions like greed develop within us and, because human development is necessarily social, within the communities in which we live. Greed is doubly interesting because it is both an a
Introduction Design is a form of universal communication. Like art, it can serve to convey various ideas and values. Thus, disparate cultures and individuals can interpret design differently. This paper will focus on the analysis of Oxoye chair designed by Dzmitry Samal. This unique piece of furniture is developed in line with retro-futurism aesthetics. People interested in this cultural/artistic trend may be more capable of reading a complex of meanings implied in the chair’s design. However, it still can be appealing to a wider population. To show this, the analysis of distinct design elements and meanings will be provided. As a result, it will be possible to see why Oxoye design transcends cultural boundaries. Design Analysis The design of Oxoye chair is well-balanced in terms of aesthetics and functionality. It is constructed of wood, metallic, and foam parts, which together create an elegant silhouette. It is produced in three different color combinations: black and white, black, and yellow. Thus, one may purchase a chair that they find most visually appealing and suitable for their interior. Although Oxoye is original and unusual, there are no perceived barriers to interaction with it. It means that, by applying their sensory apparatus, a person can easily understand what the object affords (Norman, 2013). At first glance, Oxoye suggests that it can be utilized for sitting and other purposes associated with any standard chair. Along with this, it affords meeting owners’ psycho-emotional and aesthetic needs. UX Analysis The interaction with Oxoye is non-complicated and pleasant. Aesthetics play the main role in the quality of user experience in the case of this chair. Its design was intended to provide strong emotional ties between a user and the object. The emotional connection is developed through the combination of such aspects as sentimental significance, reliability, usability, and timelessness (Ivanović et al., 2017). Therefore, Oxoye’s functional and aesthetic properties aim to maximize enjoyment. According to Norman (2013), such an outcome is a primary goal of high-quality experience design. Overall, it is difficult to find any aspect of Oxoye that can lead to frustration. Everything starting from the material selection and ending with the chair ergonomics indicates that designers were thinking about users when developing the product. Design and Meaning Analysis Any object can be designed following certain cultural values and ideas. For example, Nyström and Lundström (1978) describe how urban areas in Stockholm were arranged to meet the “needs of retail:” ensure easy access for delivery of goods and constant inflow of consumers to shops (p. 36). Similarly, Oxoye is created to meet the particular interests of certain cultural groups. The retro-futuristic aesthetics may con
Introduction The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has quickly risen from a state of poverty to become one of the wealthiest states in the Gulf Cooperation Council. Before the discovery of oil, the living standards of the biggest population in this country were way below average. However, since the discovery of oil in the 1950s, this situation has drastically improved (Ridge, 2014). Other than improving the economic status of both the population and the country, oil has helped the country to invest massively in education. The government has always set aside enough money for sustainable education whenever it carries out budgetary allocations. Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the various causes of the huge improvement in the state of education in Saudi Arabia. The study is also meant to analyze the general impact of this improvement of the socio-economic advancement of the Saudi Arabian population. This topic is worth studying since it helps highlight the implications of the economic development of a country to the quality of education its citizens get. Similarly, it indicates the effect of the quality of education on the economic and social development of a country.
Art has a long history of being involved in the achievement of political goals; consider the monumental imperial advertisement of power and control of resources represented by the huge Colossus of Rome [1] . In the early 20 th century, what was termed realism was not the direction that popular art movements were taking. However, what was termed realism seemed to serve the aims of totalitarian movements at the time [2] , despite the fact that no art is truly realistic and all art represents a set of choices from all the visual detail available. Nevertheless, the objections of the Nazi regime to all the non-realist artists is understandable in light of the Third Reich’s goals and methods of achieving them. They were trying to influence people to do things that were difficult and morally ambiguous, if not downright horrible. To accomplish this, they needed powerfully effective images that everyone could understand without laborious or inconvenient verbal explanation. The artists that the Nazi regime disapproved of had the opposite aim in creating art. They were seeking to create art that was a vehicle for personal expression. Given this attitude, it is no wonder that non-realistic artists were suppressed. Useful examples of these two divergent approaches are found in the art of Fritz Erler and Otto Dix. The term ‘realism’ has meant different things over time. It meant something different in the 1800s than what it suggests today. Before the early 1800s, most painting tried consciously to show everything in as beautiful, serene, classically pure a fashion as posssible, even if this meant deliberately changing things around in the picture, as, for example, advised by an accepted authority of the time, Roger de Piles [3] . Starting with the Romantic movement in art, there was a gradual reaction away from a classical idealization of the subject, whether a person, a scene, or a landscape. The gritty reality of the world became more acceptable and desirable in art. An example is the often gory work of Théodore Géricault, a proponent of Romanticism, such as his Raft of the Medusa [4] . This work, and by extension, much of the effort of the Romantic movement, was described as an,” extended, no-holds-barred quest for truthfulness and intensity” [5] . However, up until the period of the Impressionists in the mid to late 1800s, there was a generally shared goal of depicting the world as most people could recognize it. For example, a person had two eyes symmetrically laid out, sky was more or less blue, and trees were more or less green. With Impressionism, Cubism, and their successor art movements, this all changed, dramatically. The depiction of objects in the rea
Selection of Training Program Criteria for the selected program In the contemporary world, organizations face many upheavals as they aspire to achieve their objectives the main one being to maximize profits and revenues. Therefore, all aspects of the organization should be in harmony with this objective. Among the most outstanding aspect that impairs organizations from making these strides is effective organizational communication. The rationale is that organizations interact with many other organizations, customers, suppliers, employees and other stakeholders while at the same time there are innumerable human interactions within the organization such as employer-employee to mention but one. Failure to have effective communication channels may lead to the inability of the organization to achieve its goals and poses a major challenge. Justification of the selected program Communication skills are therefore important to enhance the success of an organization and helpful in propelling the organization to improved productivity and ultimately, increased profits (Manning, 2002). With that in mind, a needs assessment in many organizations indicate that lack of effective communication strategies could lead to impaired decisions and policies which in turn could result to poor performance. As such, in this training program the choice of organizational communication skills as the main topic comes about due to the realization that communication is the standpoint in all organizations without which no organization can achieve it desired performance. It is worth recognizing that other aspects of the organization such as leadership and management are important, there is no feasible leadership without effective communication. Thus, this training program seeks to conduct a needs assessment on communication, develop a design for the training, implement the training and evaluate the outcomes of the project. After the training on organizational communication skills, it is important to comprehend that an organization will boosts its chances of becoming competitive and improve the motivation and job satisfaction of the employees. Besides, it will lead to improved public perception of the organization since the customers will receive improved communication. Overall thoughts on the training On overall, the training of all stakeholders on the appropriate communication skills within the context of the organization will be an important exercise that will not only boost the competitiveness of the also provide the employees, managers and other stakeholders with the requisite skills imperative for improved organizational performance. Needs Assessment Being the transfer of thoughts and messages communication is vital for every organization. In particular, it enhances smooth flow of information among all stakeholders. One of the most outstanding needs in communication skills is to enhance the movement of messages across the entire organization. Witkin & Altschuld (1995) assert that interpersonal sk