ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction One of the biggest problems in the domain of American journalism has to do with the journalists’ weakening ability to identify properly the cause-effect subtleties of a particular social issue that they expound upon. As a result, it is only on rare occasions that the journalistic pieces in question contain any practical suggestions as to how the concerned issue should be dealt with. The 2019 article It’s Time for Black Athletes to Leave White Colleges (by Jemele Hill) stands out as a perfect example in this regard. After all, despite having succeeded at outlining the problem with the ongoing exploitation of Black athletes by the predominantly White colleges and universities, the author has failed at identifying the phenomenon’s discursive significance. In its turn, this goes to undermine the actual workability of the suggested solutions to addressing the problem on the author’s part. This critical essay will explore the validity of the above-stated at length. Critical review The main idea that it is being promoted throughout the article’s entirety is that the country’s White-Protestant elites continue to take practical advantage of the Black people’s socially underprivileged status. Specifically, the predominantly White college and universities make a point in providing different enrollment incentives to only those Black applicants who have what it takes to prove an asset to the on-campus football or basketball teams. When assessed from the analytical perspective, such a situation will indeed appear suggestive of the ongoing commercial exploitation of the most physically talented Black students in this country. As Hill aptly noted: “Black athletes have attracted money and attention to the predominantly white universities that showcase them” (5). According to the author, this raises a certain doubt about the full appropriateness of the currently enacted educational policies in the US. Hill goes to illustrate her argumentative stance with respect to Kayvon Thibodeaux: one of the most famed high-school football players in the US. Even though Kayvon initially considered enrolling in Florida A&M University (listed as a “Historically Black College and/or University,” HBCU), he nevertheless ended up choosing in favor of the University of Oregon, known for the disproportionally small number of Black students that study there. The reason behind his decision, in this regard, was purely practical: while affiliated with the University
Establishing the factors that drive teenagers to engage in risky behaviors, such as smoking, is crucial in bolstering public health. People who start smoking early in life are unlikely to quit the habit later, increasing the likelihood of experiencing adverse side effects (Robalino & Macy, 2018). In the United States, cigarette smoking accounts for about 480,000 deaths every year, making it crucial for society and the government to develop approaches to address the menace (Robalino & Macy, 2018). A significant percentage of the existing literature on adolescent smoking indicates that many believe the activity improves their status within their group. Quantitative research will be done in this case to empirically examine the effect of social rank on the uptake of cigarette smoking among teenagers (Robalino & Macy, 2018). The quantitative methodology will allow for the collection of data on smokers and habit development. Collecting firsthand information is crucial in developing an in-depth understanding of the menace since it will influence a solution’s development. The methodology used to address the smoking menace among teenagers is a structured questionnaire that will collect data on smoking habits and influence. The research exercise targeted 100 respondents who were given a questionnaire in the form of a checklist. The purpose of the administered questions was to analyze how smoking has affected their social life and whether peer pressure has contributed to lifestyle uptake (Joo et al., 2020). The test subjects’ age bracket was 13-18 years, with the male participants being 60 and the females 40. The average mean was used to establish the similarity in responses given by the test subjects. The study results indicate that teenagers understand the health and social implications of smoking, but peer pressure contributes to the activity’s uptake (Joo et al., 2020). Therefore, preventive measures should limit peer influence and ensure that the adolescents’ self-esteem is bolstered. For instance, experimental interventions like counseling can ensure the smokers understand the impact of the behavior and work towards cessation.
While the development of novelties in science is crucial, it is necessary to understand the application of this innovation within the biotech industry as well. Biotechnology allows scientists to use their knowledge about organisms and apply it to developing new models and processes of manufacturing. The question of commercialization is vital because this component is what allows the general public to benefit from the discoveries made by researchers. This paper aims to discuss the article “Enzymatic Assembly of Carbon-Carbon Bonds via Iron-Catalysed sp3 C–H Functionalization ” and its prospective customers, markets, and approaches to using this concept in the biotechnology industry. Prospects of Commercialisation This section of the paper will focus on developing the model of business that will utilize new C-H bonds. The aim is to test the hypothesis regarding the applicability of this new method in biotechnology and manufacturing. The carbon-hydrogen bonds are considered to be challenging in regards to replication within the context of a laboratory, even though they can be observed in organic molecules (Zhang et al. 2018). Iron-based catalysts can help overcome the issues and limitations of the current technology. This model is more advanced than those that are currently used because, firstly, it involves iron and inexpensive metals and provides prospects for abiological alterations that are possible with this technology. This presents implications for further research and the development of new technologies based on this model. According to Zhang et al. (2018, p. 67), “the use of the native iron-haem cofactor of these enzymes to mediate sp3 C–H alkylation suggests that diverse haem proteins could serve as potential catalysts for this abiological transformation.” Both chemistry and synthetic biology, which are the primary industries that will be discussed in this paper, can benefit from this development. For instanc
Abstract Rectification is a process in which an AC signal (that is, a time-varying voltage where the polarity, or sign, of the voltage, is alternating with time) is converted into a DC signal (where the polarity does not change). There are various circuit diagrams that are used to achieve this process. In addition, the rectified waveforms are usually full of ripples that cause disturbance or interference. As such, a number of components like capacitors and inductors are incorporated in the final sections of the rectification circuit so as to result in a smoother output waveform. Therefore, this report will comprehensively outline the various circuit diagrams that can be used to achieve the rectification process as well as waveform smoothing. Finally, the author of the report will carry out a detailed analysis and comparison of the various rectification algorithms used. That is a half-wave, full-wave bridge, and full-wave center-tapped processes. Introduction (Theoretical Outline) Most of the electronic components and/or devices function only when powered using a DC signal (Bird, 2014). However, power is generated and transmitted in form of AC. Therefore, to have such DC components functioning, the generated AC power must be converted to DC. This is known as the rectification process and the circuit configuration that achieves this process as a rectifier (Bird, 2014). Half-wave rectifier circuit As far as the electronics discourse is concerned, a diode only permits current flow in one direction.. This occurs whenever the device is forward biased (that is, its positive end connected to the positive terminal of a voltage source). Thus, in the case of half-wave rectification, only one half-cycle that forward biases the diode will be permitted to pass. Also, this rectif
The realities of post-modern living prompt more and more governmental institutions and commercial organizations to pay closer attention to the physical well-being of their employees, as a way of increasing their professional adequacy and as a method of reducing operational costs. The report “State Employee Wellness Initiatives”, available on the website of NGA Center for Best Practices, provides us with the insight on the fact that the rapid pace of deterioration of people’s physical condition in Western countries, can no longer be ignored: “According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in 2001, 21 percent of adults in the United States were obese, a 5.6 percent increase since 2000 and a 74 percent increase since 1991… Twenty-six percent of adults were classified as physically inactive—they reported no leisure time activities that cause increases in heart rate or breathing.4 In addition, more than 22 percent of adults smoke every day or a few days a week” (NGACBP, 2005). This, of course, has direct social implications. Apart from the fact that people with health problems, induced by their physical inactivity, contribute to the process of this nation losing its biological vitality, their very existence can often be discussed in terms of social burden. The reason for this is simple – employees who continuously whine about their poor physical condition, for Worker’s Compensation Board to make their employers pay them for nothing, rarely stay employed for a continuous period, because no organization wants to have employees who think of exposing “organization’s inadequate treatment of workers” as their foremost priority, while at work. Thus, it is only natural for the corporate sector to strive to encourage employees to choose in favor of a healthy lifestyle. This, however, is often met with resistance, on the part of those who think that the corporate practice of making office employees get away from their computers, every once in a while, and do some physical workouts, represents a transgression against the dogma of political correctness. Liberal wackos now seriously discussing the elimination of health education classes in school, because they think that the practice of forcing obese kids to indulge in physical activities is “intolerant”. The more physically inadequate every particular employee is, the more he or she is being considered capable of “celebrating diversity”, as its professional priority. While understanding perfectly well the sheer insanity of the Liberal approach to employment practices, organizations cannot criticize it openly, because it will automatically result in these organizations being labeled as “sexist”, “racist” and “fascist”. At the same time, companies cannot afford to have utterly useless workers employed on a permanent basis. The realization of this fact, on the part of management, often prompts organizations to seek ways to encourage employees to lead a healthy lifestyle, without giving them an excuse to accuse these organizations with attempts to undermine workers’ “freedom of expression”. It is needless to say that, despite politically correct rhetoric, o
Introduction The current report will focus on the environmental, health, and safety legislation that should govern a furniture restoration business operating in the United Kingdom. The business involves the use of potential pollutants and activities harmful to the environment, such as upholstery, varnishing, lacquering, and spray painting. The activities are carried out within the business premises. The business has two vans used for the delivery of materials and furniture. In addition, the business has an industrial unit, which is run by five employees. There are five key branches of legislation that this business is expected to comply with within the course of carrying out its operations. The legislations include four pieces of environmental protection laws governing hazardous waste. The other legislations the company is required to adhere to include those touching on general environment protection, fire safety, noise and nuisance, and, lastly, those touching on health and personal safety. The environmental legislation is discussed under the sub-headings below. The sub-headings enumerate the five pieces of legislation that will inform the operations of the company: Hazardous Waste Regulations (England and Wales) Act 2005 Environmental Protection Act 1990 Noise And Statutory Nuisance Act 1993 The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 The Provision And Use Of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 The furniture industry, in the course of production, poses danger to the environment as a result of the emission of fumes and gases into the atmosphere. The industry also produces hazardous waste that is harmful to the environment. In addition, there the furniture restoration business is associated with loud noises that create are a nuisance to the neighboring communities. The high levels of noise are consistently transmitted to the surrounding environment. The business is also associated with accidents, which include fires. The machines specific to this industry can cause harm to the employees when handling and operating them (Benz & English 1999). The danger is pronounced when the machines are operated incorrectly or employees operate them without the proper protective gear. As a result of this, the furniture industry, like many other industries, is covered by the acts and laws mentioned above. Hazardous Waste Regulations (England and Wales) 2005 Under this act, hazardous waste is defined as that which can harm humans, the environment, plants, and other living organisms in an ecosystem. It calls for the disposal of waste in a way that does not pose danger to the health of people by using methods that are harmless to the environment. Disposal methods adopted should ensure that water, air, soil, plants, and animals are not put at risk. The disposal methods adopted should reduce disturbances brought about by noise or odors. The management should ensure that the disposal or recovery process does not affect the environment or places that are of special interest, such as the count
Introduction Synchronous media brings together three historic trends that have broadened the reach of education in the United States. The first, in point of qualitative impact, was the arrival of educational television in the classroom in the 1960s. Second was the impetus and desire for distance learning, serviced by ordinary mail for more than 120 years now (Holden and Westfall, 2006). Third and most recent is, of course, the gradual widening of Internet access by households starting in the mid-1990s. When broadband access to the Worldwide Web became a reality for educational institutions, the result was a tremendous increase in online learning throughout higher education and down to the K-12 levels. Since around 2002, another explosion in “Web 2.0” technologies commenced and this resulted in an embarrassment of riches in instructional media choice. While it is beyond the scope of this very short review to extensively profile the media available, suffice it to say that these embrace stand-alone information channels and systems that combine one or more media (hence, the term “multi-media” so beloved of education technologists). In any case, the single components include Internet relay chat, email, file sharing, voice-over-Internet Protocol telephony (VoIP, the best-known stand-alone example being Skype), Internet Messaging (IM), sharing facilities (calendars, pictures and assignment files), and mobile phones that have gained access to the Web (Kawachi, 2007). There is also the combination of audio and static or streaming video popularly known as “webinar” (for Web-based seminar). The wide spectrum of choices simply reinforces the central role of media selection in the Instructional Systems Design process. The first and foremost criterion, Holden and Westfall (op. cit.) suggest, is that the channel or medium chosen for distributed/distance instruction should enable the desired learning. It is in this light that we evaluate one of the available choices, the Elluminate Learning Suite package. Details of the Elluminate Program The Elluminate LS packages four of the company offerings so that schools may offer both teachers and students a comprehensive solution (Elluminate Inc., 2009). These components are:  1. For the course content planning stage – The Elluminate Plan!™ component enables the organization, scripting, and assembly of lesson content and activities. Even at this stage, teachers can already automate many routine tasks that take place during the live session.  2. During online classes – The Elluminate Live!® part enables synchronous (real-time) interaction and collaboration between instructors and students. An example is the Webinar setup shown overleaf.  3. Post-class Synthesis and Asynchronous Learning – The Elluminate Publish!™ program is for producing standalone recordings, audio podcasts, or HD video broadcasts from Live! class recordings. A
Introduction Rothschild has been one of the leading players in the world of finance for many years especially in Europe. According to Rothschild website (2009), the institution is one of the largest privately-owned banks in the world and controls portfolios such as investment banking, corporate banking, and private banking. Founded in the 1760s by Mayer Rothschild, the bank has grown from a small outlet that dealt with trading in rare coins to its current status of a financial powerhouse. Over the years, the bank has revolved around the family circle who have all the time shown commitment, vitality, and enterprising influence to ensure its unprecedented growth – it is a rare case to find a family business growing to such a level amid the ever-changing economic, political, social and technological climate. The success of the bank may be based on its motto of unity, integrity, and industry as well as its connection to the high and mighty in the major European countries. However, as Vallely (2004) points out, the bank has been involved in all sorts of moneymaking deals including gambling (use of tricks and propaganda to enrich itself), financing of the Waterloo Battle, financing of the Napoleonic wars, financing of the Austro-Prussian war and engaging in speculative business in the stock market. Two Rothschilds, Mayer, and son Nathan have been the key figures behind the immense growth of the financial dynasty, with Nathan specializing in underwriting and speculating during the Battle of Waterloo and Mayer (his father) creating a culture of secrecy through his specialization in accounting. Mayer, Rothschild was a very clever man and would never allow an opportunity to pass by without utilizing it. During the rise of capitalism and the era of revolution of international trade, the Rothschilds were quick to take the opportunity and spread across major cities of Europe including London, Paris, Vienna, and Naples, with the London base becoming the pillar of the business and the Paris unit gaining a competitive edge in philanthropy and winemaking – France was the leader in wine production. Rothschild’s current status tends to portray a picture of dedication in financial solutions to its clients for over two hundred years and taking a leading role in transforming the lives of people through its community activities that involve supporting education, healthcare, research and development, housing, and boosting the cultural growth among others (Rothschild Web, 2009). The bank has invested heavily in creating a unique corporate culture that fosters growth, creating intelligence solutions, and enabling a proactive approach that ensures that the bank is always ahead of other players in terms of communication, technology, new market information, and new industry approaches. In the succeeding discussion, this paper will focus on pertinent information and the operation of the Rothschild business empire.
Introduction Considered the second largest retailer in the world, Carrefour’s supply chain management is vast and contains thousands of suppliers (Basu & Wright 2016). Founded in 1958, Carrefour operates more than 1,200 supermarkets and 3,245 convenience stores (Basu & Wright 2016). Its global operations span several continents, including Africa, Europe, Asia, and South America. Currently, the company employs more than 500,000 people and has annual sales in excess of €86.3 million (Basu & Wright 2016). Based on the extent of its operations and changing market dynamics, Carrefour needs to review the efficiency of its supply chain management process to make sure it responds to the needs of the organization, market, customers, and suppliers. This paper seeks to review the operations of the French-based multinational and the role that supply chain management plays in making its operations successful. This research paper is divided into two tasks. The first one highlights the role of supply chain management and logistics, the link between the company’s structure and its supply chain functions, as well as ways to provide supply chain intelligence. The second task explores the role of supply chain relationships in the management of procurement functions and the role of technology in influencing this relationship. Why Carrefour Needs Supply Chain Management and Logistics As Basu and Wright (2016) observe, the supply chain functions of large multinationals, such as Carrefour, are often complex and sensitive to changing market dynamics. Therefore, the need for an efficient supply chain management is paramount. Carrefour Supermarket needs an efficient supply chain and logistics management to satisfy the demand for its goods and services. Implementing seamless logistics in the company’s operations could benefit the organization by increasing its response to its customers’ needs (Xu, Xu & Liu 2014). It could also reduce the time spent by the supermarket chain to move goods from one point to another. These advantages could increase the competitive advantage of Carrefour supermarket. Effective supply chain management and logistics could also improve the quality standards of Carrefour because it gives managers an opportunity to determine what products they sell to their customers and the quality specifications they should have (Xu, Xu & Liu 2014). For example, the supermarket has a product line of Carrefour-branded products (Xu, Xu & Liu 2014). To safeguard its quality standards, the company makes sure that all suppliers who were approved to provide products within this business segment