ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The nature of declarative memory and the possibility of its use in parallel distributed processing (PDP) regarding formation affects the perception of this complex and potentially threatening scene in a number of ways. The following analysis will help in understanding the scenario whereby a person sees a barely visible human as he/she is approaching an isolated ranch house at twilight. Declarative memory is often referred to as the conscious memory. It has two main components, namely the semantic and episodic memory (Goldstein, 2005). The episodic memory is concerned with those memories that an individual had once experienced in his/her lifetime. Such events could be traumatizing in nature and at times leading to poor perception and memory loss, especially when someone is engaged in deep thinking for a long time. The mental stress associated with such deep thinking would lead to memory lapse and poor vision. Precisely, episodic memories are focused on specific events, place and time (Banich, 2004). On the other hand, semantic memory has little to do with specific events since its knowledge is not linked to any personal experience. Though, semantic memory concerns mainly the concepts, numbers, facts, and vocabulary, it can as well find its relevance in this case. It is the semantic memory that has scripts that enable an individual to visualize what happens in a given situation. Semantic memory also shares a close link with the parallel distributed processing (PDS) in the brain. The PDS in the brain is a concept that is correlated with the semantic networks and motor neurons, which are photosensitive and can help in visualizing pictures (Antonio, 2005). Failure to enhance these parallel distributed activities would prevent someone from creating mental images and visualizing pictures. It is through the help of parallel distributed processing in the brain that vision is enhanced via the spreading activation mechanism. This is facilitated through the PDP because image processing occurs along parallel lines. Consequently, the distribution of the processed images for visual output occurs in many units, which require a proper psychomotor coordination of the whole process (Dominowski & Dallob, 2005). The parallel distributed processes (PDP) augment memory can aide natural memory in evaluating the potential risk in this and other potentially threatening situations in a number of ways as highlighted in the discussion that follows. The PDP in the brain is very essential in representing knowledge (Robert & Frank, 2001). It is through the PDP system that individuals are able to make visual generalizations and create similar patterns that aide the visualization process. As an aide to the natural memory, the parallel distributed processing in the brain is capable of recognizing and visualizing similar images and patterns. After having the knowledge of one image, the PDP system is capable of predicting how the consequent images and patterns would look like. The system has proved to be quite reliable and can help the natural memory since it is highly protected and cannot totally breakdown. Single w
Key features of the program   * Aerobic fitness or cardiovascular endurance, which is the ability of the lungs and the heart to coordinate effectively in supplying all body parts with sufficient oxygen.   * Muscle strength or strength training, which refer places emphasis on the fitness of muscles and the amount of power exerted by muscles in one effort.   * Muscular endurance training, which determines the amount of muscle activity before fatigue develops.   * The program focused on the flexibility and stretching, which refer to the extent of expression by all body joints.   * Body composition, which covers organs, bones as well as the fat and lead muscle content.   * Core exercises for other core muscles such as in the pelvis, abdomen, and lower back, which coordinate upper and lower body movements and protect the back.   * Balance training Why these key features were emphasized Aerobic fitness or cardiovascular endurance is a major feature of the program because the exercise supports deep and faster breathing, which is the best way of increasing the supply of oxygen to the body. Muscle strength or strength training more than twice in a week improves muscle fitness and increases bone strength in addition to maintenance of the muscle mass in programs for losing weight. Muscle endurance training helps in the development of muscle able to perform much activity without fatiguing. Body composition in the program helps in understanding the fat and muscle ratios as well as organs and bones, which helps in the design of effective approaches for individuals. Core exercises are key aspects in making the program well-rounded in addition to helping the individual coordinate well between the upper and lower body parts. Flexibility and stretching go together, and they help in the performance of exercises such as dancing and they also improve the extent of joint motion and developing a better posture. Balance training is important to avoid falls and fractures, especially for older adults. Benefits of strength training Other than looking good and feeling great, strength training comes with several benefits for individuals, including strengthening immunity and slowing the aging process. The training reduces the chances of developing heart diseases and diabetes, including the symptom of diseases. Strength training enhances lung, and heart efficiency helps in the circulation of oxygenated blood to the body. Through strength training, individuals lower resting blood pressure. The training improves balance, increases bone density, and reduces the chances of developing colon cancer. Strength training improves energy levels and helps in burning calories, which may be harmful to the body. Other benefits include “prevention of lower back pain, eases the pain of arthritis, improves flexibility, eases the performance of physical tasks, relieves stress, improves self-esteem, guards against injury and improves the quality of life” (Christian, 2011, p. 140). Benefits of flexibility training Flexibility training is at the core of
Abstract Most small business owners start and operate their businesses without paying any attention to the importance or necessity of a business plan. They, however, realise the need for it at a later stage in the business especially when they require financial assistance such as a loan from a bank and other financial institutions. A business plan is a detailed outline of the structure of the business and vital activities that go into the operation of the business for its success. It answers questions such as what are the products of the business. What is the target market of the business? What is the competitive advantage of the business? What costs are incurred to start up the business? What are the strategies of the business in order to remain competitive? What is the structure of management? Who owns the business? (Small Business Administration, 2011). This paper seeks answers for the above questions with special regard to the business of Chad and Kyle. The Benefits of a Business Plan It is critical for any business that wishes to survive to have a detailed and updated business plan. This is because a business plan is used to analyze and measure the potential of the business, for instance, by potential investors before investing their money into the business. Since it outlines all the areas of the business, one can use it to analyse the viability of the business by checking the target market. Hence, this helps in determining the likely market share for the business. The strategies of the business could also imply the direction towards which the business heads (Small Business Administration, 2011). Secondly, a business plan is a tool for internal business analysis in that it allows the management of the business to set objectives; acts as a reminder of both the objectives and the position of the business. In short, the plan lists the business strategies and ways to achieve them effectively. Therefore, it acts as a map for the management to follow in their quest for success (Harvard Business School, 2011). Thirdly, a business plan acts as tool for communication. The entrepreneur may have a vision of the business in future. However, the employees and other external stakeholders may not necessarily be in tune with the entrepreneur. Therefore, the business plan is a means for the entrepreneur to communicate the vision or the idea to the employees and the external stakeholders such as the investors (Harvard Business School, 2011). Fourthly, a business plan is the fundamental tool in forming future or present relationships in the world of business. For instance, the business may want to merge with other businesses and the business plan is vital in explaining the position of the business and its structures, strategies, competitive advantage and its ownership. This factors influence the nature of the relationship the entrepreneur seeks. For example, in a merger the owners of both businesses must agree on who owns what stake/ percentage of the business. The business plans of the two businesses will enab
Introduction Sociopathic offenders are a class of criminals who display a chronic tendency for continually committing crime. His type of offenders report committing a series of crimes and have a very outstanding characteristic in society; politically commanding a lot of attention because of the excessive number of crimes they commit; and psychologically because of the type of fascination they create as most people cannot comprehend the detached and very cold manner in which these offenders repeatedly manipulate and harm others. Sociopathic offenders are therefore individuals who get involved in criminal behavior largely because of a severe character defect that makes the offenders lack any form of compassion and subsequently commit self-destructive behavior. Such individuals are said to be suffering from some character disorder that makes them lack any coherent or appropriate discretionary ability to practice moral and compassionate behavior irrespective of the fact that they may be in a position to differentiate right from wrong (Yablonky, p. 58). Sociopathic Offenders These chronically antisocial persons always seem to be in trouble; do not maintain any real loyalties to other person, groups or codes, and appear not to benefit anything from previous experience or punishment. Sociopathic offenders are frequently riotous and hardhearted, display high levels of immaturity, irresponsibility, lack of judgment, and inability to provide reasonable explanation about their negative behavior. A sociopath does not experience any form of guilt due to the lack of a controlling superego and automatic self-punishment is non-existent even after committing unethical and immoral acts. These types of offenders are insecure, untruthful, and antisocial and also behave very irresponsibly. Any expressions of remorse after committing a crime is merely a mouthful of words intended to help them escape punishment but holds no sincerity at all. Sociopathic offenders or criminals are pathological liars and their statements are dented towards benefiting their self-centered and egoistic personalities. Gangsters for example are sociopathic offenders who normally develop sills sufficient to carry out their criminal lifestyle. They are also rarely remorseful about their violent behavior (Yablonky, p. 59). Sociopathic gang behavior includes dehumanization of others especially when dealing with enemy gangs or conducting violent acts such as burglary, robbery, carjacking, distribution and use of deadly drugs, and murder of innoce
Contextual Introduction Contemporary corporate leaders acknowledge the effects of specific strategies on their organizational performance. Nonetheless, these managers fail to articulate the critical parts of their strategy. For instance, executives might adopt new innovative processes and operating strategies aimed at attaining breakthroughs in their performance but continue using the same short-lived financial indicators that have been in place for decades. These measures may include operating incomes, sales growth, and returns on investment among others (Cooper et al., 2017). The caliber of business executives fails in their attempts to introduce novel measures for monitoring new processes and goals and to question whether the existing old strategies are critical for the execution of new tactics. Notably, effective measurements should be an integral component of a business’s management process. The Balanced Score Card (BSC) offers corporate leaders a holistic framework for translating their firms’ strategic goals into coherent performance metrics. The BSC is not a mere assessment exercise; rather, it refers to a management methodology, which could spur breakthrough improvements in different fundamental organizational areas, including market development, customer, processes, and product development. This report analyzes Apple Inc.’s strategic management using the BSC model. Notably, the document analyzes and describes the primary facts and issues the company manages using its BSC methodology, the strategic objectives pursued using the tactic and assesses the suitability of the adopted strategy. Description and Examination of Key Facts and Important Issues Senior management at Apple Inc., one of the leading global brands in the electronics industry, decided to concentrate on a strategy, which would aid in improving the company’s return on capital and gross margin. The company developed a BSC intended to address four categories of its operations, each with different key performance indicators developed to improve the respective categories (Akhtar & Sushil, 2018). As the cited study indicates, the company (Apple Inc.) did not initially focus on its consumers because most attention was directed toward its products and technologies. Nonetheless, the organization realized the need to re-strategize, considering the growing importance of customer satisfaction, which has since become the corporation’s leading tenet. According to Terziev et al. (2017), the business realized the need to have an independent market survey and break away from the tendency to outsource such metrics, which is common across its industry. The move is considered one of the most strategic ever achieved by the corporation in its extensive history since it helped revolutionize its relationships with customers, a core component in driving sustainable financial operations. Apple Inc. also focused on revolutionizing its core competencies. Shen et al. suggest the business executives at Apple envisioned an employee te
Maiden Castle as a monument of antiquity Maiden Castle is one of the biggest and most famous hill forts in Britain. It is called the ‘masterpiece of the Iron Age’. The area of the hillfort covers approximately 17 hectares. The earliest documentary evidence of human occupation dates back to the Neolithic period. The history of the ruins of this hill fort that stretches over 3 km in Dorchester starts in IV BC and reaches the Iron Age. The remains of walls, which resemble huge waves, previously encircled a big settlement. These walls date back to the 1st century AD. It is thought that occupation began in the Iron Age with the construction of a hill fort. During the next centuries, a permanent settlement was “linked by surfaced trackways” (Kipfer 2000, p.328). During the time of Roman conquest, the hill fort mocked the Roman enemy, “the fort was sacked by Vespasian’s legion (AD 43-44), and the slain defenders were buried in a cemetery near the gate” (Kipfer 2000, p.328). After that, the hill fort had been derelict until 4 century AD, “when a Romano-Celtic temple was built there” (Kipfer 2000, p.328). The Maiden Castle was excavated in the period between 1934 and 1937 by Mortimer Wheeler: ‘During the summers of 1934 to 1937, he and Tessa developed the art of archeological excavation to heights never achieved before, using a combination of vertical and horizontal excavation. They excavated deep trenches through Maiden Castle’s serried earthen ramparts. They investigated broad areas of the interior with area trenches. An entire generation of young archeologists worked at maiden Castle, many of whom major contributions to the field after World War II’ (Maschner and Chippindale 2005, p.55). Dorchester and its places of interest Maiden Castle is not the only landmark in Dorchester. This town has its own colorful and fascinating history. It was founded by Romans in 70 AD, and it should be pointed out that they called this town ‘Durnovaria’. The ruins of the town wall, as well as, Roman Villa, amphitheater, baths, military roads provide evidence of their presence. For instance, in the year 1841: a beautiful piece of Roman tessellated pavement was discovered in a garden; and numerous other specimens, as well as bronze figures, and coins of Antonius, Vespasian, Constantine, Julian, Theodosius, Marcus Aurelius, and Valerian, have been discovered ( The land we live in, a pictorial and literary sketch-book of the British Empire, British Isles 1856, p.356). Unfortunately, a number of monuments of antiquity were destroyed by fire. Researcher James Savage (1837, p.117) in his book “History of Dorchester,…” wrote that “On Friday, the 6th of August, 1613, this town was consumed by an accidental fire; in which 300 houses and the Churches of the Holy Trinity and All saints were burnt”. The ancient Roman walls surround the town, “being planted with lime, chestnut, and sycamore trees, they have most of the beauty of park avenues” ( The land we live in, a pictorial and lit
Feminism is a term that refers to a range of ideologies and movements aimed at reducing inequalities between the sexes in different aspects of life. In the past, the feminist movement’s victories often led to the recognition of new characteristics impacting women’s life. This essay compares and contrasts four forms of the movement, such as liberal feminism, black feminism, radical feminism, and lesbian feminism. Liberal feminism utilized the achievements of the civil rights movement to improve the position of all-female citizens. That form of feminism was aimed at making women more protected legally and solving the problems of inequality by adopting laws that would ban any discrimination in education, at work, and in political life. 1 Concerning the proposed methods to eliminate the problem, liberal feminists of the twentieth century were close to labor movement activists. 2 In the 1960s and the 1970s, liberal feminism focused on working women’s issues and the impact of experiences that females of any race could have. 3 It included the consequences of pregnancy and the need to keep the work-life balance. The extent of discrimination remained dependent on race in many aspects of life. For instance, race differences existed in women’s access to abortions. 4 Minority women often felt that their problems were not discussed in an adequate manner, and their growing discontent led to the emergence of black feminism even though women of color actively participated in liberal activism. 5 Unlike the representatives of other movements, black feminists relied on the combination of being a woman and belonging to racial minorities as the key predictor of facing discrimination. 6 The issue of race was critical in this form of feminism, and black activists could refuse to collaborate with white groups that did not stress that problem. 7 Black feminism was close to other
Background Netflix is an online company with corporate headquarters in Los Gatos, California. Netflix was founded by Hastings who is also the CEO of the company. Netflix’s key business is online rental services in the software industry. Netflix’s software business services span various software products and services. Among these are DVD movies and several other software products. Despite disappointing results on its performance at the beginning, the innovative entrepreneur continued to tailor the company while identifying and exploiting new opportunities that presented themselves. That was when the company designed and developed a website that saw it host millions of subscribers making it rake in huge profits. That was in 2006. Netflix was founded at a time when the video industry was largely populated by small retail outlets which were characterized by long product delivery time. The market was dominated by the then giant Blockbuster Inc. Blockbuster had no real marketing strategy and customer royalty was based on impulsive buying. It enjoyed booming sales with almost 100 percent success when Netflix joined the market. Upon its entry into the market in 1997, Netflix realized that the market that was dominated by the brick and motor marketing methods. The launch of this company was at the time of the beginning of internet retailing. Online selling was gaining an upper hand to brick and motor methods. This compelled Netflix’s to launch its own website in 1998 that specialized in the use of cross platform technologies in service delivery. At this time, different pricing models were tested to increase sales volume. Netflix was also adept at countering new entrants and developments in the market. One of this was the development of a video provision services on line. Porter’s Generic Strategy According to Porter (1974), successful business organizations incorporate one or more of the generic strategy options to propel it to success. Among these strategies are cost leadership, focus, and group differentiation. A critical analysis and evaluation of the cases study reveals that Netflix had to various extents incorpo
Anatomy of the lower urinary tract The bladder is a tubular tract that is majorly composed of smooth muscles that intertwine against each other in a rather disorganized fashion. The muscles give it the flexibility that characterizes this, thus accommodates the urine that fills up the bladder. The base of the track is firmer compared to the rest of the surface and hosts the urine entrance and exit points. The makeup of the base of this tract is basically twofold; the trigone and bladder neck. In both male and female, the differences between the organs are quite notable, although the external urethral sphincter features in both serve as the section of prime continence. The location of “the external urethral sphincter appears at the periphery of the urethra; it’s composed of skeletal muscles” (Blok 2002). In both sexes, the muscles originating from the floor of the pelvis dictate the movement and actions of the sphincter. The general structure of organ in the male and female is also distinct; in essence, the male urethra happens to be longer and has four regions namely “prostatic urethra, membranous urethra, bulbar urethra and pendulous/penile urethra” (Blok 2002). For men, the major zone of continence stems from the urethra, which is in this case saturated with membranes. On females, the urethra is shorter and is merged with the frontal walls of the vagina. Continence, in this case, is attributed to the reactions of the external sphincter, supported by the walls of the vagina and the reluctance of both the frontal and subsequent linings of the interior of the urethra. Whatever maintains the continence is an incessant force that is born of the standing posture of humans together with the abdominal pressure “generated by the striated muscle activity that combines to exert continuous force on the outflow tract, and thus a continuous occlusive force is sustained” (Blok 2002). This is achieved by “dynamic forces in both the smooth and striated muscles of the urethral which are actively involved” (Blok 2002). This is aided by the presence of a multifaceted network of the nervous system that includes several motor nerves. The sonographic appearance of the normal urinary bla