ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Practitioners in the nursing profession encounter several problems that are linked to law and ethics. One of the problems encountered in the nursing profession is conflict between nursing ethics and law. Conflicts between nursing ethics and law involve issues related to confidentiality, malpractice, consent, and relationships with patients (Beech, 2007). In these areas, professionals encounter obstacles that put them in positions to decide the best decisions to make. Nurses use several means to handle these conflicts. Some nurses make decisions based on ethics, others make decisions based on requirements of law, while the rest combine ethics and law. For example, professionals who facilitate assisted suicide act based on ethics. They consider what is in best interest of patients. In many cases, law prevails over ethics because ethics bases on personal values and ideals. Conflicts between law and ethics are unavoidable. Therefore, practitioners should find ways to use both approaches to make appropriate decisions. Confidentiality Confidentiality is both a legal and ethical issue in the nursing profession. Patients have the right to have their medical information kept confidential by practitioners. Revealing a patient’s information can lead to adverse effects on the patient’s autonomy and welfare in the community (Beech, 2007). The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) contains rules that govern release of patient information. The act contains provisions that determine patient information that can be revealed and information that cannot be revealed. For example, health insurance companies are not supposed to gain access to certain information regarding a patient’s health. However, nurses are compelled at certain times to defy law and release patient information. When concealment of patient information poses a threat to a second or third party, then nurses can reveal information. Information release aims to safeguard the welfare of people who are likely to be affected if the information is not released (Beech, 2007). In such cases, nurses should evaluate the situation and determine potential dangers to all parties involved in order to make the best decision. It is unethical for a health care practitioner to expose healthy people to risk of infection because of failure to divulge certain information. Consent Under nursing ethics, nurses are not supposed to treat patients without their consent. According to the Journal of Surgery, nurses encounter conflicts between law and ethics when treating adolescents. For example, a professional might assume that it is morally right and legally acceptable to inform parents about the health status of their child. However, that is contradicts law. In the state of California, a 12-year-old can legally decline medical care or treatment related to a drug or substance abuse problem (Njozing et al, 2011). On the other hand, a professional treating the child is legally bound to observe confidentiality regarding revelation of information related to the child’s problem. However, a professional may disc
Introduction A role model refers to a person who can be emulated due to the influence he or she has on others. Therefore, positive role model as a communicator is a person who is well endowed with the ability to communicate ethically and with lots of academic integrity. My role model I have identified the current US president Barrack Obama as my role model as a communicator. His speeches are usually logical and not only ethical but also laced with lots of sense and persuasion to the audience. To begin with, he always maintains constant eye contact with the audience when talking. This is a very important quality bearing in mind that the audience wants to feel that the information being passed is equally important as they are. Additionally, regular eye contact while communicating ensures that both parties remain attentive throughout the conversion. President Barrack Obama is good at this. This was evident right from the time when he was campaigning for the Senator. The ability to speak well and in a catchy manner was indeed the real asset he has during the last Presidential elections. Qualities of a good role model as a communicator Another impressive quality of a role model as a communicator is taking time and avoiding interrupting a conversation while the other party talking. When speech is interrupted, it creates a bad impression of selfishness and inability to give chance to others (Stiff & Mongeau, 2002). As one avoids this, it is also imperative to speak fluently and in sentences that are complete. A conversation with broken sentences is more likely to distort and lose meaning. A good role model as a public communicator does not usually run through the speech but rather takes time to join one word to the other to make fluent and logical sentences. Moreover, audibility is another quality of a good communicator. It is imperative to note that in a case whereby the speaker is not audible to the audience, the entire rationale behind that piece of communication will not be achieved. A good public communicator will take note of this even while attending a huge gathering. There is often an elaborate body language from the recipient of the information which can direct the speaker to adjust the volume (Callison, 2001. Additionally, the voice of the speaker should be clear as well as avoid boredom which may easily piss off the audience. To avoid boredom, a good p
School education is the key stage of learning in academic life that requires cooperation from all the members of the society. To stay in compliance with the ever changing world and achieve academic excellence there is a need to adopt innovations for some special class of students which in the present context is K-12 learners. It was reported that secondary schools are charged with preparing America’s youth for the challenge of work, further education, citizenship and leadership. For this purpose, Georgia Department of Education has taken initiatives for supporting secondary improvement efforts through pyramid of interventions organized in four tiers. As such, there is a need to consider practices that would influence K12 schools. Previously, it was reported that parternerships would enable to maintain institutional identity that benefits K-12 students, teachers and administrators (Hamos, 2006). The Health Professions Partnership Initiative (HPPI) has promoted the establishment of partnerships between academic health centers and K-12 school systems. This initiative could help in achieving outcomes impacting each partner mutually. This could be further strengthened by another report that described that partnership with a local university’s undergraduate, health professions schools, and with various community entities might require the support, assistance, and funding from the outside sources (Zuhlke, 2006). This report also emphasizes the involvement of key leaders and policymakers in the formation of these partnerships, especially those who are able to be effective in a shared-leadership environment. Therefore, it may indicate that while implementing the parternership program K-12 schools should focus on assistance from all departments. These partnership strategies may appear in agreement with the Georgia education department’s pyramid intervention tiers 1- 4 that emphasize learning through evidence based, social development domain, tailored interventions corresponding with their needs and adapted methodology. Hence, intervention programs concerned with partnership may benefit K-12 schools. Next, it may be essential for K-12 schools concentrate on different racial and ethnic minorities if they wish student achievement as per the designed pyramid intervention tiers. Earlier workers described methods of community-based participatory research (CBPR) with the objective of improving the social and academic functioning of children from racial and ethnic minority populations in a public school district (Mulvaney-Day et al., 2006). This study has indicated the need of clarity about the policy limitations to effective collaboration, and increased awareness regarding the academic needs of minority children in schools. It also suggested that CBPR approach has the potential to expand the scope of mental-health services research, particularly related to services for racial and ethnic minorities (Mulvaney-Day et al., 2006). This study has supported another earlier description that emphasized on higher education program for minority students (Slater & Iler, 1991).Its proposed objective was to increase the number of minority stu
Introduction The United States Army was founded on June 14, 1775 as a Continental Army and was responsible for the liberation of the country from the colonial rulers during the American Revolution War of 1775 (Casey, 2011). Since then, it has undergone significant changes and modernization to become one of the finest and most powerful armies in the world. During the First World War, it played a significant role that helped in giving the Allied Power victory over the Central Powers. In the Second World War, it again played a major role that made the United States one of the world’s superpowers. Since then, the United States Army has undergone major developmental changes to help it achieve its mandate in the best way possible. The army has been keen on improving its capabilities through modernization of its operations, through research, and recruitment of highly talented officers. In the 21 st century, the United States Army is considered the finest in the world in terms of capabilities and second largest after that of China in terms of active military officers serving in it. Its operations in the recent past have generally been considered successful although it has also faced fair amount of challenges along the way. In this paper, the researcher will look at the key internal factors that have implications for successful implementation of the United States Army’s strategies and goals. Key Internal Factors Affecting Implementation of US Army’s Strategies and Goals The primary goal of the United States Army is to protect the country from external aggression and to defend the country’s sovereignty at all cost. In its mission statement, the purpose of this army is defined as follows:-   * To preserve peace and security, and offer defense for the United States, the Commonwealths, and areas occupied by the United States (Grey, 2010).   * To support policies of the United States.   * To implement national objectives as may be relevant.   * To overcome any nation or power responsible for acts of aggression towards the United States that may imperil peace and security of the nation (Hanson, 2010). Achieving the above goals and objectives require unique capabilities that this army must have in order to ensure that it is successful. The leadership of the army must be prepared at all times because it cannot precisely predict when an attack against the country might occur. It must map out the potential threats and come up with a plan and resources needed to neutralize such threats. In this analysis, it is necessary to look at its core competencies that make it special when compared with other armies around the world. US Army’s core competencies According to Bacon and Staudenmeier (2003), the United States Army has been ranked the finest in the world over the past six decades not only because of its massive expenditure but also the strategies and capabilities in terms of combat and meeting the objectives stated above. War is slowly ch
Introduction When it comes to conducting interpretative analysis of a particular sociological or educational issue, it is of crucial importance to ensure that this analysis provides readers with objective insight into the issue, throughout its entirety. Therefore, while analyzing the subject matter, researchers must always strive to adjust their study to the principles of structural and semiotic appropriateness. In their article “A set of principles for conducting and evaluating interpretive field studies in information systems”, Heinz Klein and Michael Myers promote essentially the same idea: “While we agree that interpretive research does not subscribe to the idea that a pre-determined set of criteria can be applied in a mechanistic way, it does not follow that there are no standards at all by which interpretive research can be judged” (1999, p. 68). Thus, it is only when an interpretative analysis is being conducted along the lines of intellectual integrity, which provides it with academic credibility. In our paper, we will explore this thesis even further, while reviewing Gillean McCluskey’s qualitative study “Exclusion from school: What can ‘included’ pupils tell us?” and defining the degree of this study’s compatibility with seven principles of qualitative analysis, as outlined by Heinz Klein and Michael Myers. The summary of McCluskey’s study The main goal of McCluskey’s study was to define whether educators’ attitude towards the practice of disciplinary exclusion, as the ultimate tool of enforcing educational discipline, matches that of students, because it is namely the failure of Britain’s educational system to address students’ existential concerns, which author assumes to be the root of this country’s educational problems: “Indiscipline in schools in the UK continues to be the subject of fierce debate. The views of young people as pupils in these schools continue to be marginalized despite their centrality to this debate and their ability to offer a unique set of perspectives” (2006, p. 447). Such McCluskey’s hypothesis prompted her to choose in favor of conducting a qualitative analysis of students’ attitudes towards the issue of exclusion, as the author had rightly concluded that the application of the quantitative methodology in this particular case could hardly be considered fully appropriate, especially given the fact that the subject matter’s subtleties are being in the state of constant transition. It is namely the fact that educators lack the insight into students’ perception of exclusion, which the author refers to as such that contributes substantially to the rates of exclusion in Britain’s secondary schools being continuously increased: “This lack of success in bringing about effective and positive change raises a series of important and urgent questions about current approaches and understanding of the issues surrounding indiscipline an
Abstract The purpose of this report was to explore unresolved conflict at Southwest Airlines Company and provide an alternative creative solution to resolve the conflict. Southwest Airlines Company has been admired for its corporate culture, employee happiness, and customer satisfaction. In fact, it has only experienced one strike in its history. However, the recent tough contractual negotiation ending in a wider rift and a stalemate between the union and the organization shows ongoing organizational change and development at Southwest Airlines. The subsequent referral of the issue to the mediating body presents an opportunity for both parties to resolve the negotiation through a ‘Requests for Equitable Adjustment’ to ensure that the company maintains customer satisfaction and its “people before profit” philosophy. Introduction The purpose of this report is to explore unresolved conflict at Southwest Airlines Company and provide an alternative creative solution to resolve the conflict. This is a case of conflict and negotiation at the company, which is covered under organizational change and development. Course concepts and theories of organizational change and development and conflict and negotiation will be applied in this case scenario. The company being studied Southwest Airlines Company, the Dallas-based company, has been in business for the last 44 years. The company has continued to provide innovative services to differentiate itself and create a competitive advantage in the industry. Its hallmark and success factors are noted in exemplary customer service provided. It has over 47,000 employees who serve over 100 million customers every year (Southwest Airlines, 2015). The company operates “more than 3,600 flights a day, serving 94 destinations across the United States and six additional countries” (Southwest Airlines, 2015). In addition, it has focused on expanding its fleet to cover new destinations such as Mexico and Vallarta across different cities, but these will only be implemented after the governments’ approval. According to data provided by the U.S. Department of Transportation, Southwest Airlines is “the nation’s largest carrier in terms of originating domestic passengers boarded” (Southwest Airlines, 2015). It operates many large fleets of Boeing than any other airline company globally. Most of these fleets have state-of-the-art equipment, including satellite, supported Wi-Fi for connectivity nationally. One major commitment of the airline company is maximizing shareholders’ value. It has focused on increased share repurchases and dividends to achieve the goals of returning value to shareholders. The company achieved improved performance because of reducing fare and focusing on increased passenger traffic across various destinations in which it serves. Consequently, for the last 42 years, it has recorded profitability and has become one of the most celebrated companies in the world. Southwest Airlines is recognized for its triple bottom line strategy that enhances performance and productivity. In addition, it recognizes the importance of customers, communities, and focuses o
Recent studies of American literature have revealed Louisa May Alcott as a more significant figure, as her perception of the Civil War has shaped our understanding of her talents as a writer and as a philosopher. Her republished works have greatly contributed to cultural, philosophical, and literary studies. In particular, Madeleine B. Sterne’s L. M. Alcott: signature of reform is one of the aspects providing our vision of the writer. The book is a collection of experts of Alcott’s writing, both non-fiction and fiction, that discloses the novelist’s sincere commitment to the reforms introduced to America from the 1830s up to the 1880s. In our discussion, we will focus on three specific reforms, the way they are perceived by Alcott, and compare them with other writings, namely, the analysis of domestic reform, educational issues, and feministic issues. It is also worth mentioning that Alcott’s writings are saturated with gender views on the problem as well due to the rise of feministic movements. The domestic reforms of the nineteenth century presuppose the introduction of conservative spirits where the priority is given to a healthy way of style. Hence, this lifestyle is associated with nobility and decency. This epoch also introduces the principles which will “prove a safe guide to any woman of common sense…” (Beecher and Beecher p. 21). Excessive concern with health gave rise to the introduction of different scholarly articles and experiments on animals that investigated useful components the food contains. Like in the food reform, the main logo of drink reform was “total abstinence” (Beecher and Beecher 23). The same is observed in clothing that was also subjected to healthy norms so that “no stiff bone allowed to press in front, and the jacket should be so loose that a full breath can be inspired with ease” (Beecher and Beecher 25). However, Alcott has a completely different view on domestic reform thus criticizing this “total abstinence” in food, drink, and clothes. She argues that the food turns out into fashion, so that fashion dictates what should be consumed and what is forbidden. In her fictional writing on food, the novelist describes a classical picture of morning eating where the traditional course was oatmeal, since “You are not a true Scotchwoman if you don’t like the ‘Parrish” (Alcott 27). As it can be viewed, Alcott rejects everything that contradicted natural law. People should take care of righteous food consumption and demonstrate a spiritually and physically healthy way of life. In her essay, Alcott believes that women should be able to cook themselves to demonstrate their domestic skills. The purity and integrity with nature are observed in consuming different kinds of drinks so that everything that is considered unhealthy should be excluded from a daily meal. Alcott’s drink philosophy agrees with the introduced reform, as she believes that alcohol makes men “…waste their money, neglect their families, break their wives’ hearts, and set an example to their children” (Alcott 31).
Introduction Promitor Capital Management LLC became the figurant of a fraud court case due to the credentials lies published by its owner William J. Wells with an objective to defraud investors. Along with this, the firm provided the misleading information as for its trading losses and the use of new investors’ finances to make the Ponzi-like imbursements to its oldest clients, which, in fact, turned out to be the embezzlement (SEC, 2015). More than 30 investors became the victims of Wells’ fraud scheme with the total amount of loss of over $1.5 million (FBI, 2015). In the following paper, the Promitor Capital Management LLC case will be addressed in detail with an objective to identify the nature of the crime involved and the issues related to the fraud detection and fraud deterrence. The Key Issues Posted by the Case According to SEC (2015), Wells and his enterprise Promitor Capital Management LLC were suspected in questionable investment practices and concealing the poor performance with the help of the fictional financial statements. From this comment, it becomes clear that Wells engaged in the embezzlement. The details of this embezzlement are evident in the following comment regarding the operations done by Wells: (1) the company raised the estimate “$1.1 million from dozens of investors since 2009”, (2) when the scheme was discovered “the Promitor fund brokerage accounts held less than $35, with the rest dissipated by trading losses and Ponzi-like payments, or diverted into Wells’s personal bank account” (SEC, 2015, para. 2). In addition, Wells misrepresented his firm’s performance status by stating that it had been successful at the market. However, the real facts demonstrated the opposite. To support this conclusion, the following data by FBI (2015) can implement: “WELLS lied to prospective and existing investors by representing, including in fictitious account statements, that he had achieved consistently positive trading returns, when in fact, WELLS’s trading was remarkably unsuccessful and he realized trading losses every year since 2009” (para. 2). Moreover, Wells misinformed investors regarding the stocks that their funds were invested in. According to FBI (2015), Wells defrauded the investors that their funds were put into particular stocks in particular times, but in reality none of the firm’s accounts had stocks at all. Furthermore, he “created so-called sub-accounts for clients, for which WELLS purported to execute individualized trading strategies, when, in fact, no such sub-accounts were ever funded” (FBI, 2015, para. 6). To hide these unappealing information, Wells created the fully fictions documents to persuade his clients in his business effectiveness (FBI, 2015). The Promitor Capital Management LLC case therefore involves such issues as (1) the source of compensation for the victim investors; (2) corresponding enforcement measure for the fraud deterrence; and