ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination are still part of the modern world. These phenomena generate hatred and deprive many people of opportunities and their rights. Moreover, they become the reason for such issues as low self-esteem, anxiousness, and other emotional problems for discriminated people (Thijs and Pisco 167). Sexism and racism are different types of discrimination, first by sex, second by race, that affects people’s lives (“Types of Discrimination”). They spread violence, moral and physical, among both oppressors and oppressed. Women suffer from sexism, people of color are affected by racism, and women of color are victims of both phenomena. Tony Morrison, in her book The Bluest Eye, shows not just the consequences of racism and sexism, but also their combination. Despite the fact that discrimination already unjustly divides people, some of them can be harassed even more, for example, an African-American girl. The Bluest Eye is filled with controversial themes and complex characters who live in Ohio after the Great Depression. The main character named Pecola is a black girl who, like everyone else around, believes in “white” beauty standards and therefore dreams of blue eyes. Pecola’s neighbors are seeking to withdraw themselves: “learned from her husband all that was worth learning – to separate herself in body, mind, and spirit from all that suggested Africa” (Morrison 167). The division of races is closely intertwined with class inequality and morality – whiteness involves wealth, innocence, and opportunity. Dark skin color, on the contrary, implies poverty, lack of education, and even ugliness. This injustice is men and women’s constant companion and it becomes the reason for envy, the sensation of negligibility, and anger to others. Nevertheless, one should not forget that Pecola is not just an African-American – she is a girl. Black men, experiencing discrimination, could compensate for their humiliation at the expense of weaker women. A vivid example of violence generated by violence is Pecola’s father Cholly: “Never did he once consider directing his hatred toward the hunters. Such an emotion would have destroyed him. They were big, white, armed men. He was small, black, helpless “(Morrison 150). As a result, he disrespects women, neglects his family, and commits a terrible act with his daughter. Most other male characters are also unpleasant, and girls are innocent victims. No one can protect them from unpleasant views, hints, and encroachments, since everyone around them feels insignificant, powerless, and also needs protection. Both racism and sexism have a detrimental effect on the characters in The Bluest Eye. They make people strive for unattainable ideals, underestimate their own dignity, and contribute to the emergence of mental problems (Czopp 210). They are equally dangerous to children as they bring violence. The main character of the book suffered both mentally and physically because of the chain of e
The mission of Command Spanish is to provide high quality occupational Spanish language and cross-cultural training and training programs to English-speakers throughout the Grand Valley. Command Spanish offers a service that will equip businesses with desperately needed job-related Spanish-language training which will allow the businesses to better understand its Spanish speaking customers. The current marketing goal of Command Spanish is to increase communication among businesses and its Spanish speaking customers. Increased communication will allow companies to provide better customer service and improve safety for Spanish speaking people. Current marketing objectives are to spread awareness of its occupational Spanish classes and convey the need the business community has for this service because of the increasing Spanish speaking population of the Grand Valley. These goals and objectives are consistent with the mission of Command Spanish and the increasing demographic shift of Hispanics has created a stronger need for occupational Spanish classes in the Grand Valley. Command Spanish is relatively new to the Grand Valley and little marketing has been done; advertising has mostly consisted of word of mouth promotion. Review of current marketing strategy and performance Command Spanish has a strong product to offer the Grand Valley as many businesses have noticed its customer base expanding in Spanish speaking people. The marketing strategy has not yet been carried out, and therefore, this is little awareness of Command Spanish in the community. There are few direct competitors and the quality of service offered by Command Spanish creates an advantage over competitors in the market. The customers have confidence with the service they are provided due to the constant communication between the instructor and client. Channels of distribution for the occupational Spanish classes are one-on-one or group classroom settings or through the Internet. The instructor uses various resources including aid books and audio CDs to enhance the service delivery and to benefit clients. Current and anticipated organizational resources The most important resource that Command Spanish has is the experience and knowledge that the instructor possesses of the Spanish language. The instructor is nationally certified as a Command Spanish Certified Instructor and has taught the Spanish language for over 15 years. Command Spanish also invest financial resources in research and design to develop new courses to meet demands for customers in many different industries. Currently Command Spanish has around twenty different courses and new ones are constantly being added. Moreover, Command Spani
Introduction For military to be successful in their endeavors, military service needs leaders who are not only agile in their analysis, but also innovative in the development of new solutions to the complex challenges. As such, military leaders should be academically qualified to lead such significant and racial diverse institution (Richardson 2005, 36). Effective military leadership skills can help the military solve racial inequalities within its departments. As asserted by the activists, the top US military organizations do not only depict racial disparity, but also gender disparity. The current military programs, in the US, emphasize on the need to improve their efficiency and enhance their leadership skills. As such, the military program focuses narrowly on ending the rampant racial and gender inequality in its top leadership. Based on its diversity, US military leaders should be able to fight the alleged racism with swift. Similarly, the current warfare requires military soldiers with innovative and responsive skills to understand and tackle the ever- increasing applications of technology in the warfare by the terrorist and enemies (Richardson 2005, 34). This paper seeks to identify the characteristics of great military leaders, chooses a specific leader, and assesses the persona of a specific leader. Characteristics of a good military leader Based on the current military standards, most of the great military leaders in the history of the US military would be considered as racists. Despite their military success and outstanding leadership skills, some of these military leaders owned and abused slaves. In spite of owning slaves, Gorge Washington became one of the greatest military leaders in the history of the US military. In the 1940s, activists called for more prewar efforts in the US military. The activists accused the US military for their selective services. Until the mid 1950s, the activists accused the US military for the rampant racism in their departments. Since then more efforts have been put in place to enable recruitment of all persons regardless of their race, color, and gender in the military. To lead an institution confronted with enormous challenges such as racism, a military leader has to rise above traditional tactics and demonstrate control and stability. Similarly, current military leadership entails more than just organizing followers, but also motivating them to confront reality. Through this, efficient military leaders should change values, habits, practices, and priorities in their juniors to be in line with the current racial diversified military services (Serry 2001, 3). To achieve this, military leaders should create a vision, and motivate individuals through appropriate approaches. Through education and experience, an individual develops and learns leadership skills. This implies that learning and applying leadership skills takes some time. For an individual to be an effective military leader, he or she is required to put in conscious and consistent attention of aspiring and proven leaders. Effective military leaders have made deliberate choices to improve their leadership skills
Introduction All over the world water (H 2 O) is viewed as the source of life, it is articulated that it is the most profuse multifaceted in the earth surface. It is estimated that water covers up 70% of the earth surface. Water is a vibrant symmetry which requires an average pressure and temperature state of gas and liquid which is composed of oxygen and hydrogen. Water is usually characterized in three states liquid, solid (ice) and invisible water (vapor). Water is acclaimed to be the source of life for all living things (Petraccia, 2002). The human body is accounted to hold about 55-78% of water. However, this accountability depends on the size of the body that is in subject. To avoid dehydration the body system of a healthy human being requires about 2-7 liters of water on a daily basis. Also to account for the exact amount that the body requires is determined by other natural activities such as sickness, temperature and humidity. Although there is no set record of how much water should be drunk by a healthy person, doctors articulate that about 6-8 glasses of water daily which are equivalent to one liter of water should be drunk daily. Nowadays, companies have formed and merged in carbonizing, adding sweeteners and many other stuff to water, this water is packed in bottles and are sold a price relatively higher that the tap water (Kem Et al. 2001). However, some of water are processed through various means like reverse osmosis or distillation while others are carbonated, most of the bottled water are generally tap water or ground water. Globally it is evaluated that bottled water is evaluated at $1.6 billion with an increment of 61% from the year 2006 when it is gained momentum. There is basically no added value to the bottled water only that it is considered economical because one can carry around. However, there are many risk factors associated with bottled water although the same applies to tap water. This assignment is going to evaluate the popularity of bottled water over the tap water. Abstract Water is essential and it supports life, however whether taken in a bottle or straight from the tap makes no big of an issue. However, due to the advancement in technology and the trends adapted by human being that bottled water is safe and due to fashion incentives that carrying a bottle of drinking water is considered fashionable (Debenedetti & Stanley 2001). The acquisition that was carried out in the university to evaluate why college student prefer bottled water over tap water. The hypothesis revealed that the majority of the student all acclaimed that the issue of concern underlies in the safety of the drinking water, the contamination issue become the order of the day. Another issue that not many actually acknowledged though it was analyzed through observation is the fashion issue this is because there has been creation o
Introduction The book narrates the happenings of Congo in the 1890s during the reign of King Leopold II. He II was the ruler of the Congo Free State and during his time, more than half of the total population died because of the injustices caused by his government. The book provides a vivid account of what took place in the 23 years of Leopold’s reign. It informs the reader of the various crimes perpetuated by Leopold by referring to the African and European histories of the same period (Hochschild). Book Review King Leopold II managed to put Congo under the colonial empire of Belgium through a process that was full of mischief and sleaze. Throughout the book, we see Leopold’s action depicting his thoughts of entitlement to the fate of the people, such that he treats them like his personal possessions, sometimes valueless. Although Congo was a colony of Belgium, King Leopold II acted with impunity concerning the resources of the state. He forced many Africans, in Congo, to work as slaves as he amassed resources from the colony, for personal gains. These included minerals and rubber. Other than vilifying the protagonist, the book also depicts Leopold as very smart. To cover his ill doings, he pretended to be the ally of one European power and used that as a defense against his accusers, who were other European countries. After sometime, he would change allies and play them against each other again. Back in the colony, Leopold used fear to put his subjects in line. For example, he allowed the cutting of hands, from people who disobeyed his rules, to serve as an example to the rest of his subjects. Within the book, the reader learns of a few individuals, who held various interests against King Leopold II. There is Edmund Dere Morel who told the world about the wrong things, done by Leopold. A black journalist named George Washington Williams decided to write an open letter to the king to express his disagreement with the type of leadership and the crimes against humanity perpetuated by the king’s government. Others like Casement did not confront Leopold directly but decided to inform his home country of the crimes, by sending numerous letters. While on one hand the resistance was informing the rest of the world of Leopold’s crimes, the king worked towards concealing his atrocities from everyone by exactly making the state records turn to ash. In his final remark of release, Leopold said that he was not intimidated with the act of handing over the colony; however, he clarified that none of his actions would get into history books. To provide a vivid account of the atrocities of Leopold, the writer relies on other witnesses who published various materials, which give, details of most of the events portrayed in the book. The author only gives a single version of the whole story, em
Ethical integrity in marketing research has remained a widely challenging aspect in marketing. According to Carrigan, Marinova, and Szmigin (2005), marketing research involves the processes in which a business collects, analyze, and interpret data about competitors, customers, and factors in the business environment in order to enhance efficiency in marketing. Ethics, on the other hand, has diverse definitions depending on the field in which it is applied. From a universal perspective, ethics encompasses well-established standards of wrong and right acts that human beings should avoid or do. The standards include instances of honesty, societal benefits, fairness, and particular virtues. Moreover, ethics revolves around the development of the aforementioned standards in ensuring that institutions study their own ethical criterions. Ethics is a philosophical division that touches on human conducts that are in line with the goodness and badness of their actions, motives, and results of such actions. Marketing research ethics involves practices or moral principles that guide the conducts of market operators (Carrigan et al., 2005). Different theories have different ways of classifying actions as good or bad. For instance, from utilitarianism point of view, an action is ethical if the consequence is beneficial to a given group of people even if the method applied harmed others. This ethical theory holds that the end justifies the means no matter the repercussions that result from the actions. Ethical practices are not limited to the laws and social norms. For that reason, a lawful act may not be ethical (Shaw, 2003). Ethics is applicable in several fields and it has the historical, modern, and postmodern theoretical perspectives. This branch of philosophy encourages honesty, accountability, respectfulness, integrity in all fields. Marketing research ethics offers guidelines and rights that suppliers, customers, field service, and respondents are entitled to in the process of carrying out marketing research. The approaches used in the research should not harm the relationship that exists between researcher and client, researcher and research subject, and the researcher and the marketing research industry. Upholding marketing research ethics comes with honesty, transparency, fairness, and respect and responsibility to acknowledge the basic human dignity of all stakeholders. Businesses that maintain high ethical standards when conducting market research report increased customer trust, thus developing solid reputation with other stakeholders (Covey & Merrill, 2006). In addition, such businesses certainly gain competitive advantage over their competitors in the marketing field. In improving the working relationship among participants in the research field, ethics forms a core com
Medical morphine is one of the most potent analgesics used in modern medicine to relieve pain. It is also prescribed for various shock conditions, such as edematous syndrome, when the lungs and brain suffer, and severe hypertensive crisis. Contraindications: respiratory depression, acute liver diseases, pregnancy (Some Drugs and Herbal Products). Morphine harms almost all systems and organs of the human body, causing: confusion, muscle twitching, and hyperhidrosis. Bisoprolol Bisoprolol is a drug widely used in cardiological practice, as it is prescribed for arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, and cardiac arrhythmia. Contraindications: cardiogenic shock, sinoatrial blockade, severe forms of bronchial asthma (Some Drugs and Herbal Products). Side effects: headaches, loss of consciousness, hearing impairment. Digoxin Digoxin has a pronounced cardiotonic effect, due to which it increases the shock volume of blood and minute volume and reduces the oxygen demand of myocardial cells. Contraindications: signs of glycoside intoxication, hypersensitivity to digoxin, atrioventricular blockade of the second degree (Some Drugs and Herbal Products). Side effects include slowing of atrioventricular conduction, slowing of the rhythm, the appearance of heterotropic foci of myocardial excitation. Amlodipine Amlodipine is a blocker of “slow” calcium channels, and it has antihypertensive and antianginal effects. This medicine blocks the “slow” calcium channels and reduces the transmembrane transfer of calcium ions into the cell. Contraindications to amlodipine include severe arterial hypotension, obstruction of the left ventricle’s outflow tract, and shock (Some Drugs and Herbal Products). Amlodipine can cause allergic reactions, anxiety, and fatigue. Flucloxacillin Flucloxacillin is effective against gram-positive and gram-negative cocci and some gram-negative bacilli, such as klebsiella, shigella, salmonella, and E. coli. Flucloxacillin has a number of contraindications, including, for example, hypersensitivity, severe renal and hepatic insufficiency (Some Drugs and Herbal Products). This drug can cause nausea, vomiting, cholestatic hepatitis. Rivaroxaban Rivaroxaban is used to treat deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and prevent the formation of blood clots during atrial fibrillation and after hip or knee surgery. Contraindications: hereditary lactose or galactose intolerance, breastfeeding (Some Drugs and Herbal Products). Side effects tachycardia, allergic dermatitis, intracerebral and intracranial hemorrhages. Diazepam Diazepam is used for neurosis-like and neurotic conditions accompanied by fear and anxiety. It is applied for premedication before surgical intervention and introduction
Introduction The Internet is a worldwide electronic library with virtually any kind of information hence it is the greatest and most convenient source of information at the click of a button. Of all the diverse information available in the internet, some explicit information such as pornography, racism, ethnicity, crime and war are considered unethical and against strong virtues of the society. The negative impacts of internet have raised many concerns over freedom of access and publishing of information, leading to the need to censor internet. Although censoring of internet can help in protecting virtues and culture, it is technically impossible, prohibits propagation of knowledge and against civil rights freedom of speech and press. Against Civil Rights Internet censorship is against freedom of expression. The United States government attempted to control internet in 1996 when they passed Communication Decency Act but the Supreme Court made a landmark ruling that it is a violation of the First and Fifth Amendment of the Supreme Court (Valdes Cortes Para. 7). According to the American Civil Liberties Union, the internet freedom deserves much protection as books, newspapers, magazines and even as a nude statue in a museum (Para. 1). Therefore, it is unconstitutional to censor internet because people have the inalienable rights of freedom of speech and press so long as the civil rights are protected for the interest of justice. Ignorance and Misinformation Since internet is the greatest source of knowledge, the censorship of internet denies people access to vital information required in order to acquire knowledge. Insufficient information in the current society will led to misinformation or ignorance that is quite unrealistic (Yee Para 4). Misinformation and ignorance completely outweigh the negative consequences of the free internet; it is better to have options and choice on the kind of information than be ignorant and misinformed. Modern society is fighting to eliminate ignorance and misinformation that are key democratic aspects of an open society, free of deception and secrecy. Internet censorship is a way of controlling the minds of people as they say knowledge is power hence, leaders who are in power wants to control and regulate information access by their subjects so that they can continue gain more power while the subjects become more ignorant on pertinent issues that affects their lives (Yee Para 6). Internet has made it hard for leaders to guard selfishly the knowledge to be within their own reach thus they are making futile attempts to control the flow of information worldwide. Free access of information from the internet have significantly enabled people to gain more and more knowledge making them have informed decisions in the kind of information and challenges they face because ignorance is no longer an excuse of not making the right decision in life.. Technically Impossible Internet information is so vast and d
Introduction VivaColombia Airlines is a Colombia low-cost carrier that operates in South, Central, and North America. A team of top executives from the leading global airline companies was interested in developing a unique business model. They included William Show, a former chief executive officer of British Airways and Juan Emilio Pasads who was also a former chief executive officer of Avianca (Rivera 2019). Fred Jacobsen from Tampa Cargo and Gabriel Migowski from Brazilian Airways joined them. The four brought together their experience in the aviation sector to start a company that would dominate the domestic and regional market. The management of the company realized that the low-cost market had a huge potential, as many people were willing to use air transport but could not afford. They believed that by eliminating unnecessary luxuries, maximizing on the space, and taking advantage of economies of scale, they could lower the overall cost of operation and lower their prices. When it started its operations in 2012, the firm was able to experience rapid market expansion, introducing new routes to Peru, Ecuador, Panama, and the United States. The management is currently facing a dilemma of whether to con