ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
When one sees the bright and charming colors of the tourist shops, restaurants, museums, and vintage streetcars at Fisherman’s Wharf, it is hard to believe that this site was once home to immigrant fishermen who had to work hard and fight the sea and the weather to earn their money. Under the baking sun or in misty fogs, the fishermen, mostly of Italian origin, caught and sold fish, sometimes right from their boats. Italian names are nothing unusual for this area: Many locals are great-grandsons and daughters of the first Italian immigrants, and some of the restaurants and squares still bear Italian names (e.g.,Alioto’s Restaurant, Ghirardelli Square). The row of neat blue-, red-, or white-painted boats immediately strikes the eye. The colors chosen by owners are not always random: Blue and white are the colors of the fishermen’s patron, La Madonna del Lume. The Memorial Ceremony at Sea is held every year in honor of all the living and fallen fishermen. Originally it was a Sicilian tradition, butnow it has become an annual event atFisherman’s Wharf. Although the Wharf has become much more glamorous and exquisite than it was at the beginning of its history, it is still a home for thousands of fishermen whose workhas not changed much since the nineteenth century. However, there is something more important than the traces of the history of the local fishermen. The SS Jeremiah O’Brien, the Liberty ship, is a great contrast to small and light fishing boats. She played a very important role in the history of the United States: The ship took part in the D-Day invasion and carried “beans, bullets, and black oil” to all the men and women fighting the war, as stated on the information plaque. She is not the only one of the Liberty ships that survived; the name of the other is the SS John W. Brown, and she resides in Maryland. Both of the ships were answers to the German U-Boats and were built extremely fast, in only 60 days. Their design—simple, but stern—originated in Britain. They were constructed of identical parts that were mass produced in American factories all over the country. The Jeremiah O’Brienhas made seven voyages, and crossed the English Channel eleven times. Knowing this, it is even more stunning to understand that the ship is still operational. Her service during World War II ended in 1946, and she entered the Reserve Fleet in Suisun Bay, California. The ship was brought back to life in 1979, when Merchant Marine veterans steamed her under her own power. The restoration was sponsored by many donations from a variety of individuals, firms, and companies. In 1994, the shipparticipated in the 50th anniversary of Operation Overlord in France, and then returned to the United States. The journey took six months, and during it the ship visited its hometown in South Portland, Maine. The ship is crewed entirely by volunteers who also took part in her restoration and maneuvering on the memorial voyage to Normandy. The ship is now named the National Liberty Ship Memorial, and everyone i
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill is one of the most prominent British Prime Ministers to have served majorly because of his role in leading the Great Britain through the Second World War. He is a renowned diplomat and politician who served in the British Army during the Boer War in South Africa and the war in Sudan (Mather, Para. 5). Further, Churchill was a writer, artist or/and painter, historian and a wonderful orator. His speeches moved the audience’s ear and appealed to populations across the world courtesy of his oratory skills. The most famous speech is the speech read on 4 June 1940 in the House of Commons at the early days of World War II, which inspired the British population greatly and the entire world (James, Para. 2). However, his oratory skills were not always perfect and at some point in his life, he had to contend with speech impediment that he overcame to become the perfect orator. As aforementioned, Winston Churchill had a speech impediment; actually, at some point he confessed the same. He was recorded saying that his impediment was no hindrance to him implying that he actually had an impediment in the first place (“Personal Life”, Para.50). However, different authors and organizations like the Churchill Center have never agreed as to what type of a speech impediment Churchill had to overcome. While some indicate that Churchill stuttered, others argue that it was just a lisp or a clutter. Stutterers have problems with their pronunciation although their thoughts are very clear and orderly as compared to lispers who can put their thoughts into words although their speech becomes disorganized at some point. Someone with a lisp is not able to organize his/her words very well and the impediment is in his/her language. Nevertheless, whether Churchill had a lisp or a stutter, the main point is that, he worked very hard to overcome his shortcomings and emerged as a fluent orator. When Churchill came home for leave in 1897, he sought medical help concerning his speech problem because he pronounced “s” as “sh” (Reynoldson, 2002, p.34). This marked the beginning of his efforts to overcome speech impediment to become a great orator. The physician he consulted confirmed that there was no organic defect and the only recommendation was to continue practicing. Speech practice would greatly help to improve his pronunciation of most of the words he had problem pronouncing. Churchill further consulted an American masseuse who observed that a ligament restrained his tongue and according to Churchill, this offered good explanation of his speaking through the nose (Reynoldson, 2002, p.35). This observation also coincided with the explanation of Churchill by the Boers when he escaped from prison in South Africa; they said he made rattling noise in his throat. However, when he consulted with his doctor on cutting the ligament, the doctor declined. Therefore, the only option was to contin
Introduction There is no doubt that GIS is an integral part of the modern technical basis for Earth exploration. If one looks at the study of Burrough and McDonnel (1998), one can see that the authors understand GIS as a tool for creating, storing, and exploring information. Thus, the field of science and technology in which this tool finds application includes an environmental study of territories, their mapping, and reliable assessment (Longley et al., 2005). However, it is fair to admit that GIS technologies have undergone fundamental changes in recent decades, making it possible to use them in other areas as well. In particular, hydrological research is a promising area of practical application (Chow et al., 1988; Clark, 1998). For thousands of years, floods have been known to be a severe environmental problem that threatens not only human industry but also natural terrestrial ecosystems. This situation necessitates the prediction of potential flooding sources, for which Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are appropriate. Specifically, such models make it possible to evaluate complex geographical forms of catchments by studying river systems, stream headings, and basin-specific land use, soil, and climate information (Siart et al., 2009). This means that, according to Wang et al. (2011), GIS is widely used for analytical work on the quantitative and subjective effects of floods and runoff. Moreover, the use of spatial models addresses the challenges of predicting and investigating sources of coastal flooding (Sarker and Sivertun, 2011; Zerger and Wealands, 2004). Finally, in addition, it should be recognized that the combination of traditional GIS forms with LiDAR technologies can modify practical approaches and improve procedures for obtaining and processing results (Merwade et al., 2008; Gallegos et al., 2009). Hydrologic Models Technical solutions are essential to critically assess the potential for inundation, especially in coastal areas. Until recently, the range of technologies used was limited to hydrological models, such as the reproductive model. This model has been particularly relevant in the context of the effects of c
The 2017 tax reform ended up in the first significant changes in the field since the Tax Reform Act of 1986. In general, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) of 2017 decreased the corporate income tax rate by 15% (from 35 to 21%). Analysts expected that this headline change would drive the conversion of flow-through entities and partnerships into C corporations (Klinzing, 2019). Nevertheless, the trend of three consecutive years shows that it has not occurred. Although TCJA lowered the federal corporate tax rate for enterprises with a C Corporation structure, the distributions’ taxation (dividends) remain at the same level. For instance, noncorporate shareholders should pay 23.8% federal income tax on dividends. After adding the state’s income tax, the number grows to 39.8%, making C Corporations unattractive. The initial goal of reform was to increase profits of multinational corporations spurring capital investments. In practice, such businesses opted to buy back shares of their own stock seeking short-term profits. On the contrary, a flow-through entity avoids double taxation as it itself is not subject to taxation. Nevertheless, its owners and investors should pay income tax that dropped by 2%. Noncorporate taxpayers that own proprietorships, partnerships, or S Corporations enjoy a 20% deduction resulting in 29.6% of the effective federal tax rate (Klinzing, 2019). The sufficient income tax of pass-through entities depends on employment taxes, self-employment, and the net investment income tax. In general, there is no ideal entity consideration for businesses, as everything depends on their int
Introduction Christianity is the most widely practiced religion in the world. This philosophy finds its followers in every country and every layer of society. Through its teachings, millions of people worldwide get a chance to see their purpose, identity, freedom, and morality. Moreover, it helps human beings in the most terrible life circumstances, fills their hearts with love and respect towards the surrounding world, and encourages them to live hopefully. Individuals say that adoption and an international spread of Christian thought are among the most successful spiritual achievements in human history. On the other hand, Christianity can also be described as a complex subject that consists of many elements and practices with preaching being the central one. While the concept of proclamation is mentioned several times throughout the Bible, its function and meaning remain unclear. Some researchers even claim that “the standard of preaching in the modern world is deplorable”. Therefore, the following paper will discuss personal convictions about Christian preaching by identifying its meaning, present, and future methods, and mentioning areas of development. Rationale for Preaching Preaching is a crucial concept that should be practiced regularly because it is a vital means of communicating with God and delivering His knowledge to the population. Words have always been an essential way the Lord spoke to the people, revealed his teachings, and showed His endless love for the world. In the beginning, God corresponded with the help of prophets; next, He spoke in the Son and through the Spirit. It is God’s speech that makes people’s words meaningful and necessary. Consequently, preachers need to distribute the same information as God did, and
Robert Frost and Langston Hughes are American poets, but their poetic style and themes are quite different. Frost is known for his realistic portrayal of the rural life of New England. Hughes is normally associated with the Black Power movement of the sixties in America. Both are prolific writers. Frost’s poems reflect the complexity of social life, often turning into philosophical discussions. He writes in simple and colloquial style. Langston Hughes tries to establish racial friendship and brotherhood through his poems. A critical appreciation of “Out, Out” by Frost and “The Weary Blues” by Hughes to highlight their similarities and differences in their approaches to death is the focus of this paper. Frost, like Macbeth, looks at the short duration of life, and how callously the society takes it. He knows that human life is only like that of the brief life of a candle. Still man is not able to realize the value of it. Death brings no tears in modern life. This is the essence of his poem, “Out, Out”. The poem is based on the death of the son of the poet’s friend and neighbor. The boy’s hand was cut while he was working with a buzz-saw: “The buzz saw snarled and rattled” (Frost). The poet takes this tragic event to show how insignificant is human life for some people in this modern world. In this industrialized world the focus is only on money. The boy is put to hard work, denying him freedom and the joy of growing up. The poem also shows how, like a slave, a boy is treated in this society. The time is twilight and the boy is still working with his saw, “Doing a man’s work, though a child at heart”, says the poet (Frost). There is no mention of his parents showing any concern for him in the poem. It is his sister who comes to call him for the supper. Frost personalizes the saw and says that it knows the supper better than the hands of the boy: “As if it meant to prove saws know what supper meant” (Frost). The life of the boy has become mechanical. His hands move automatically, even though he has lost the sensations due to overwork. When his sister calls him, the hand failed to stop the work. The result is that the saw “Leaped out at the boy’s hand” and thus the hand is lost (Frost). He requests his sister to see that his hand will not be amputated. However, the doctor is not able to save his life. The entire poem, presented through a narrator, concentrates on the misery of the boy. The irony is that though he dies, the speaker says that “And they, since they / Were not the one dead, turned to their affairs” (Frost). The work should go on; one cannot remain lamenting for the loss of a life. Frost is very modern in his attitude to life. Langston Hughe’s poem, “The Weary Blues”, similarly depicts the end of a black man, though it is not made very explicit in the poem. Jazz and Blues are original to Afro-American life and tradition. In the poem the speake
This paper presents an integrative review of articles regarding the aspects of psychiatric nursing in Canada. It studies the issues new registered nurses should consider before starting their practice and discusses the challenges associated with working in mental health units. The paper also addresses specialty training for psychiatric nurses in Canada and suggests the communication strategies and capacities caregivers should develop to provide high-quality care and reduce the risk of acute psychotic episodes in patients. Issues New Registered Nurses Should Consider New registered nurses should be aware of challenging working conditions they may encounter in acute inpatient psychiatry units. The research by Stevenson, Jack, O’Mara, and LeGris (2015) that involved twelve Canadian registered nurses proves that working in psychiatric care units can include exposure to violent behaviors. The study suggests that almost one-third of registered nurses report a physician-directed assault and around a half of them experiences emotional abuse (Stevenson et al., 2015). It can cause high levels of staff turnover, a hostile working environment for caregivers, increased frequency of malpractice, and reduced quality of care. Novice registered nurses should consider these aspects and improve their communication skills to develop the practitioner-patient relationships based on collaboration, sensitivity, and respect (Gudde, Olsø, Whittington, & Vatne, 2015). Moreover, new caregivers should be aware of possible emotional effects of working in mental health care units, which can involve anxiety, anger, fear, depression, and sleep disturbance (Iozzino, Ferrari, Large, Nielssen, & De Girolamo, 2015). It is crucial for nurses to develop risk-management techniques before they start working with patients having acute psychotic episodes (Slemon, Jenkins, & Bungay, 2017). Berring, Pedersen, & Buus (2016) point out that it is necessary for nurses to eliminate the stereotypical perception of patients as unpredictable, divergent, and dangerous. The study that involved 41 participants from five psychiatric mental health units shows that patients aspire to achieve non-confrontational social relationships while being engaged in threatening situations (Berring et al., 2016). The study by Lamothe, Rondeau, Malboeuf-Hurtubise, Duval, & Sultan (2016) suggests that new registered nurses can avoid adverse issues of care by developing emotional competencies, including acceptance, nonjudgmental attitude, and empathy to the patients. Working in a psychiatric unit may be challenging, so it is necessary for new caregivers to consider the difficulties associated with their work before starting their practice. Novice care providers should develop stress-management strategies and study the risk factors that can contribute to the violent behavior of patients. For example, the investigation by Van Wijk, Traut, and Julie (2014) underlines the significance of a positive hospital environment for individuals, as the rigid attitude of medical professionals can result in patients’ aggressive behavior. Canadian researchers suggest that the use of residency programs
Cohen (2005) in Chapter 1 “What is a Theatre”, has analyzed the concept of theatre, its history, and what it has come to represent. The author has provided some information about the development of theatre in ancient Greece where ancient dramatists perfected the art of narrating a story by using human actors. Cohen describes the theatre as a fount of creativity where different genres of plays are enacted in front of an audience. To the author, the theatre is not just a static building with stages, props, and other objects but it is a living art form that symbolizes the highest level of expression. Again Cohen gives importance to the play and the expression of the actors and he has suggested that whether a play is enacted in a huge auditorium or the streets, it is essentially a theatre form. Calling a theatre as a test of expression and will over the body, Cohen calls theatre as an opportunity for artistic expression even when teams must stretch financial resources and physical facilities creatively to meet the needs of the text. According to toe Cohen, the theatre presents the perfect medium and setting for people to exhibit their artistic skills and power of expression. He speaks of the Theatre Team that has playwrights, Producers, Directors, Designers, and Actors. Each of the team members forms a close-knit integrated team and while there are lead actors, the responsibility of making a play successful depends to a large part on how effectively the team can cooperate. Cohen uses the term theatre to suggest that it is a participative effort on the part of not only the team members but also the audience that has to appreciate, criticize and applaud as the play is enacted. Speaking of different genres of plays, Cohen speaks of the opportunities that the theatre provides and he speaks of different drama genres that make up the theatre, such as tragedies, comedies, musicals, Shakespearean, and other dramas. Cohen has suggested that each drama form and genre forms an essential part of the Kaleidoscope that makes up the theatre. The play, the interaction of the actors, the playwright, and the Director create a culturally rich fabric where freedom of expression is not curtailed but controlled. Cohen has also suggested that while a theatre has clearly defined roles and entities, many symbiotic activities act cohesively to make the theatre full of life. The theatre teams in the 1940s and 1950s demonstrated particularly disparate p
Introduction Laboratory accreditation is an efficient way to ensure the quality of laboratory services as well as their unceasing improvement. The system of accreditation is required for acceptance of test results on the national and global scale. It allows achieving an efficient health-care system by providing laboratory support to all medical services. However, laboratory accreditation is not yet implemented in a number of countries (especially of South-East Asia) (Aziz et al., 2014). Analysis Accreditation of health laboratories is a complex process of assessing the quality system and competence of a laboratory on the basis of the nationally accepted standards. This task is usually performed by an independent and authorized accreditation agency (Plebani, Sciacovelli, Aita, Padoan, & Chiozza, 2014). The process requires (Nkengasong & Birx, 2016):   * identifying an authoritative institution;   * developing and adopting a set of standards;   * agreeing upon the mechanism of assessment that would be used to ensure that the laboratory complies with the standards. The most important stage of accreditation is preparation. It typically includes the following steps (Howanitz, Darcy, Meier, & Bashleben, 2015). Measuring the performance indicators and doing benchmarking For this purpose, Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are used. They are aimed to help laboratories by providing evidence
Introduction Technological advances have emerged as the most significant drivers of economic and social growth in the modern world. Innovations in science and technology over the past two decades have stimulated great socioeconomic developments all over the world. One fairly recent development in information and communication technology is the Internet of Things (IoT). This technology essentially allows disparate physical objects to communicate through the internet, share data, and process their data. Per and Lars-Gunnar declare that the IoT is the next major step in the evolution of ICT industries and infrastructures (89). IoT presents an advancement of the traditional internet as connections move to power not only computing devices but also billions of consumer devices. The healthcare industry is one of the sectors that can benefit from using this technology. The CME BioMedical Technology Design Inc. should look into how it can utilize the technology to increase its profitability. This report will present findings of an investigation on the IoT. It will discuss how the technology could affect CME BioMedical Technology Design Inc. Current Reality of the IoT The IoT is made up of a wide array of gadgets and everyday items that have the capability to communicate. The communication capabilities are possible because of the short-range mobile transceivers embedded in individual devices. The devices are therefore able to communicate with people and with other devices. The various things in the network can be uniquely identified and they are able to communicate and exchange information with each other without the need for human intervention. Fleisch reveals that while the IoT idea is not new, it has only recently become relevant to the practical world (128). The progress made in hardware development over the last decade has contributed to the feasibility of this technology. The decline of cost, size, and energy consumption of computer components has made it possible to manufacture extremely small and inexpensive low-end computers. On the other hand, the reduction in the cost of internet access and the increase in available bandwidth has made the mass adoption of the tiny-networked computers that make up the IoT possible. The ICT industry has recognized the potential of the IoT technology. This technology has been hailed as one of the most significant disruptive innovations in recent times. To enhance its effectiveness, efforts have been made to standardize the IoT. Rajkumar and Chatrapathi document that a number of communications standards such as Wi-Fi and ZigBee have been developed to enable interoperability between devices from different vendors (20)