ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The essence of corporate social responsibility programs or CSR activities can be found in the concept of giving back whether it may be to the people or to the environment. Each business is expected to have a certain CSR program which determines the ethical direction of the company. Over the years CSR programs have been heavily supported and promoted by top companies such as Starbucks Coffee, Marriott Hotels and the like but the problem is only a select few are actively involved in these activities (Hazarika). Small to medium sized companies struggle to be part of CSR programs. Companies’ logic of CSR programs can be view as another venue to generate expenses more than income. They lose more money than gain when they participate in such programs. Given such situation this paper aims to present a case which demonstrates common CSR problems encountered by a given company, how such problems were provided solutions and how such were applied and adopted. The case is will have a post modernist point of view which is in line with the author’s point of view. The goal of this paper is to present a case analysis of real problems encountered by a company in terms of CSR execution as this paper is based on the author’s experience. Case Study Brief Termaoil Inc. is an established petroleum distributor. The company is one of the leading oil products providers of the industry as it caters to the industrial sectors such as supplying to manufacturing firms, construction firms and shipping companies. They have been famous for their swift delivers and good account credits with the bank from both vendor and client sides. Termaoil supplies products such as fuels, lubricants and asphalts. The company has its own in-house logistical team to help deliver the needed orders to the customers right away. They have their own warehouse and storage areas where they keep lubricant products and asphalt drums. As for storing fuels the company has three (3) tank depots within the said area. These depots are located on the north, south and east sides of the area. Everything in terms of operations and finance has been set up accordingly and the said departments function efficiently the problem of the company lies within its corporate social responsibility sector. The company wishes to be certified by the ISO. In order for them to achieve such goal they must be able to be involved with corporate social responsibility activities ( Oil Industry’s Increasing Focus on CSR 2010 ) . Under estimating such program as just being part of charity, the company gave the tasks of creating CSR programs to the human resource manager. It may not make sense why such was assigned to the person but as the company believes in multi-tasking they offered the said tasks to the HR officer. Corporate Social Responsibility Problems Proposals were made and dry runs were conducted but the company lost about $300,000 on its first failed attempt. The company conducted an event where it donate
The book Killer Angels by Michael Shaara is about the famous Battle of Gettysburg during the American Civil War. The book has been written from the viewpoint of the people who fought and shared their feelings and thoughts about the battle as it proceeded. The battle commenced with victory being achieved by the Confederacy (South), but during the peak of the story, there is a dramatic narration of how a frantic South made a charge that ultimately resulted in a slaughter. This battle signified a turning point in the Civil War. In his introduction as given in the book, the author has clarified that no facts have been changed and that primary sources and documentary evidence have been used in bringing to light this aspect of American history. The story commences on June 29, 1863, whereby a spy informs the Confederate army about the maneuvers and location of the Union army. General Longstreet and General Lee are at first doubtful about the information but later act upon it in moving their troops towards Gettysburg. The battle began on June 30 in the morning between a small group of infantry belonging to the Confederate and a group of cavalry soldiers of the Union army. This was the third summer after the outbreak of the Civil War and the fight would come to be known as the Battle of Gettysburg as also the bloodiest and fiercest battle fought in America. Col Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain is in command of the 120 men who were highly disgruntled because of having been made to sign a three year term to serve the army instead of the normal two years agreement signed by other soldiers. These men were forced to serve in difficult battle torn conditions while the other men were allowed to return home. These 120 men were made to starve and were punished in being handed over to Chamberlain who said he would have them penalized if they refused to fight. Col Chamberlain was a professor in a college before he joined the war efforts. His background explained his different approach, because he listened to his men and also understood that it was improper to force his men to fight. He handled his men with kindness and promised to resolve their grievances after the battle was over. He was also able to instill in them the confidence that if this battle was won, it would grant freedom to the entire country. General Robert Lee demonstrates a lot of flexibility in his attitude. He changes strategies quickly when things do not move as per plans and takes other lines of action. General Lee is however not a strong decision taker since there is no surety whether his orders will be carried out. He is considered to be a man of honor since he does not indulge in gambling, drinking or cursing. For him reputation and honor are more central than his own life and he believes that a battle should be fought openly instead of being fought
Human beings develop behavior in the process of socialization; sometimes what begins as a habit ends up in being an anti-social behavior and/or addiction. Some antisocial behaviors that are developed from socialization and peer pressure include smoking, alcoholism, and substance abuse. I was born and brought up in a God fearing family, where my parents were strict to instill discipline and good behavior in their children. However , when adolescent, I was influences by my high school peers and began smoking despite it was unacceptable in my family. In the first months I ensured that none of my family member knew my new behavior as it would have caused havoc in my life. After two years of smoking, I had become an addict; although I hated my behavior, I never got the courage to stop it. This paper illustrates a personal quitting smoking strategy that I have adopted during the last month. I was introduced to smoking by my friend when was in my level two secondary school, previously I had observed people in my neighborhood smoking and I always condemned them. My first cigarette smoking occasion happened at a party with my friends who were smokers, as they shared around of smoke ( “a round of smoke according to the friends was sharing one cigarette as a group”), I was booed when I was about to let the smoke past me. With the booing, I felt as if I might not be accepted by the peers again, thus I smoked for the first time. As time went by and we continued to engage in social activities with the smoking friends, I became used to the act to a point I would buy the cigarettes and give them. By the time I was finishing my secondary diploma, I was a chain smoker and never feared who saw me smoking. I have been arrested for smoking in public/forbidden places three times. When smoking, someone feels a change in his mind; nicotine has the ability to get into the brain and create a plea
Introduction In 1898, American-born British author published a short novel, a novella, which is still causing a great deal of academic debate today. A Turn of the Screw is essentially a simple ghost story. It begins at a fireside among a group of friends who are sharing ghost stories with each other. One man introduces his story, but drags out the suspense by indicating that he has to send away for the written statements of a woman he once knew and who had died some years before with no explanation as to what caused her death. The story that he tells is supposedly her story from a time when she was employed as a governess to care for an orphaned boy and girl at her employer’s country estate without ever bothering the employer, their uncle, at all. The children are Miles, a ten-year-old boy who has been expelled from his boarding school for bad behavior just as the governess begins to take up her new duties, and Flora, an eight-year-old girl who is simply presented as a heavenly child. As soon as the governess arrives, she makes close friends with the housekeeper, Mrs. Grose, who is a simple country woman and hesitates to correct her betters in any way. Although both children seem angelic, the governess begins to see two additional people on the property that she quickly identifies as the master’s old valet Peter Quint and the children’s previous governess Ms. Jessel. These people are suggested to have been very wicked people who spent most of their time with the children before they each died strange and mysterious deaths. As she learns more of the story, the current governess begins to think the children are in league with the ghosts, but no one else in the story ever directly acknowledges that they see apparitions even when the governess is directing their gaze. In the end, the governess sends the ill Flora away from the house in the company of Mrs. Grose as she attempts to confront Miles about the ghosts. As the story comes to a climax and Miles seems on the verge of finally confirming or denying his knowledge of the ghosts, he dies
Introduction Political and social events and processes that take place in the world are very interesting and, at the same time, challenging topics for writing. On the one hand, every educated person who wants to be a rightful member of the human society must be interested in the geopolitical processes that are going on in the surrounding world. This is necessary for everyone in order to control one’s own life and regulate it in accordance with the things taking place in the world. But, on the other hand, this is a rather difficult topic for communicating and discussion, which can be explained by the following facts. Firstly, it is not an easy matter to follow all the social and political events that are present in this or that country. It needs considerable effort and time together with certain devotion to the task. And secondly, discussion of politics presupposes having a large amount of the respective knowledge by the person dealing with the questions of politics. This policy brief is dedicated to a specific problem, namely the problem of the Latino migration, or, to be more exact, to the issue of the Mexican – US immigration and the US border policies towards the illegal immigrants (Gonzalez, 2002). What is the problem? The problem of immigration has always been very important for every nation. Some peoples are concerned here as “the victims” of immigration, i. e. native inhabitants of this or that country who are oppressed in regard to their employment and education opportunities because of the increasing number of aliens who take working places and vacations in colleges and universities. Others are direct participants of what is called immigration. This people can not afford high enough living standard in their native countries and look for better lives abroad. The issue of immigration concerns many countries around the world. Highly – developed countries of the world suffer from this process most of all, because they offer higher standards of living for people from young and developing countries who look for ways to feed their families. For example, Germany, France and Great Britain now experience a harsh problem of the Eastern European immigration. This problem was burning through all the history of these countries interrelations but recent events have given it much more importance. European Union has spread over the Eastern European countries, such as Romania, Hungary, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, and this increased the workers’ immigration drastically. As the members of the European Union, citizens of these countries do not have to undergo any form of special border control and can freely change countries. Due to the fact that their salary expectations are much low
The performance under discussion took place in 2013, London, Royal Albert Hall (“BBC Proms 2013”). To emphasize the importance of the event, its meaningfulness, and create a holiday atmosphere, the organizers used specific decorations. The backstage was colored by using various lights, while the orchestra was sitting in the middle of the hall surrounded by viewers and listeners who came to admire multiple masterpieces performed by the players (“BBC Proms 2013”). The design is innovative but with classical elements to link the modern age with the music of the past. The hall is full of spectators, which means that such events are extremely popular with the audience. Looking at the video, it is possible to remember ancient amphitheaters with the stage in the center surrounded by people. This effect helps to become emotionally close to people and performers. The video gives little attention to the audience as the orchestra is the main factor of interest. However, sometimes the camera shows people who came to the hall. Many people are dressed in accordance with the code presupposing suits and dresses. However, many visitors wear casual closes, which shows that the theater and such performances become closer to people, and they can feel relaxed when visiting such shows. The audience also represents various social statuses as there are people from the higher and middle class, which can also be determined by looking at their closes. Because of the peculiarities of the orchestra, listeners are of different ages as there are young, middle-aged, and elderly persons who came to listen to the masterpiece recognized by the world. The diversity in the audience shows that music attracts different people and inspires them. Speaking about performers, several details should be admitted. They are all dressed officially following the specific code (“BBC Proms 2013”). There are suits with white shirts and dresses. The observation of the given style helps to view the orchestra as a single unit that acts together. There is also a strict hierarchy as the conductor, Philippe Jordan, is the main person on the stage. His movements and signs manage the orchestra and make them sound unique. At the same time, there is a certain hierarchy between performers as some of them sit closer or farther to the conductor. They look at the music text and at the leader at the same time to watch the changes in the mood and follow his directions strictly. They form a semicircle following the classic patterns peculiar to orchestras of the past. The choice of the instruments is typical for the performers playing the classic musing. The camera focuses on various parts of the orchestra showing individuals with violins, cellos, drums, harps, trombones, flutes, and pianos. The given ensemble sounds aligned and coordinated, which is achieved by multiple repetitions and by the conductor’s work. The music is presented in a way that helps listeners to feel the progression. The sounds become more emotional and passionate when the orchestra moves from one part to another. The presented themes are supported by the explanat
A Street- Level bureaucrat is public service personnel who directly interact with the citizens during execution of his or her activities. He or she must be discreet in doing the duties. The Street- Level bureaucrats may include the law enforcing personnel like the police officers, the teachers, social workers, judges, and other court officers like the public lawyers and health workers among others. In general, Street- level bureaucrat entails all the public employees in the government programs who provide services to the public. They tend to have a similar analytical work condition (Lipsky, 2010). The general work characteristics of a typical Street- Level bureaucrat (SLB) include delivering sanctions and benefit structures; they delimit citizen’s opportunities and lives (Lipsky, 2010). In addition, being public order keepers and benefits providers, SLB is a centre of political controversies. The service recipient’s demands of improved responsiveness and effectiveness continuously tear them down. The citizen’s demand for effective and efficient government services is also another point of stress on the SLB. In addition, they have consolidated and expanded their bargaining strength through the formation of unions. They are, therefore, an independent entity when it comes to resolving position and status controversy. The work I do is similar to the SLB since it entails the issuance of sanctions and benefits structures to the public. It is also a centre of political controversy since it entails dealing with the citizens. The struggle to keep up with the people’s demands is, therefore, a mutual point of concern. My work is also represented by a union and, therefore, it is a consolidated representation. The union acts as an independent entity to ensure that our needs are met (Lipsky, 2010). My work as an SLB causes controversy since the citizens are not ready to take excuses but obtain the services they expect. Failure to which, they blame the person on the ground instead of the authority. For instance, blames on insufficient health services issued to the public goes to the person on the ground level and not the administration. In addition, the work also attracts citizen’s attention since they see me as their link to the government. They channel their complaints through me to the administration (Lipsky, 2010). The steps within the policy process that present the greatest challenges includes the Agenda setting, budgeting, and implementation. In agenda setting, it is often not easy to develop objectives that address the needs of the citizens on the ground. The data that is collected during the problem identification is not used in the formation of the agenda. The agenda, therefore, ends up addressing what the main actors think is right but not the problem. The budgeting problem usually develops with the government underestimating some issues. The limited r
Description of the sources According to Tuerkheimer (1989), the federal government passed the rape shield laws in order to control the cross-examination about a witness’s sexual past. These laws have been passed in 48 states, and are divided into four classes namely: Michign, California, Arkansas and Federal approaches. Tuerkheimer xamines the problems posed by shield laws, such as reputation evidence, rebuttal proof and constitutionality issues. As a result, the author suggests the endorsement of concession based on the proof of prior sxual conduct by a witness in a case involving rape, in the event that the defendant’s constitutional rights were at a risk. The author further examines the reluctance with which prosecutors tackle rape cases that are not violent, and the cross-examnation process that requires inquiries to be made on past consensual sexual activities of the complaining witness. A process that leads to publication of the private aspect of the witness, which in turn results in the reluctance of rape victims reporting the crimes. Casarino (1996) examines the possibilities for litigating acquaintance rape cases in the civil courts as a measure to prevent under-reporting of such cases. The civil courts are aimed at encouraging rape victims to speak out. Their reluctance could be attributed to exposure of personal life in criminal courts due to shortcomings in the shield laws. The author also examines the process of civil suits, and the procedural merits and limitations of such suits in rape cases. In his note, Anderson (2001) examines the conditioning of rape victims’ vindiction on sexual virtue, whereby the rape defendant can provide evidence that the witness was unchaste, prior to the assault, with the view to discrediting her testimony. Rape shield law preventing the defendant from admitting complainant’s sexual history was passed in the 1980s, though Anderson identifies the shield as having loopholes, which are used in cases where the witness is seen as promscuous. According to Anderson (2001), the loopholes in the shield relay sexual history evidence in instances when the witness has had prior sexual encounters with the defendant, when the defendant asserts that he assumed that the complainant has given her consent, or when the complainant has in the past involved herself in prostitution, or other promiscuity. He suggests that the rape victims should be protected from the harmful legal procedures that dig into their previous sexual lives. In the journal article “Regulating Consensual Sex with Minors:
As the RECE, I would apply an integrated approach to the case presented. Children have to join different communities from their childhood to become more responsible and independent (Pinsof, 2018). However, they can be afraid of leaving their parents and staying with unfamiliar people on their own. Thus, my responsibility as the RECE would be to let Ly Ly feel part of the school community. I would speak to the child in a friendly manner and show her that she can trust teachers and other pupils. The conversation would encourage interaction and build a relationship between Ly Ly and her classmates. At the same time, I would try to build trust and respect between the teacher and Ly Ly. I would try to interest the child in studies and accept their ideas for learning. I would also create the learning program according to Ly Ly and her classmates’ abilities and interests. I would tell her parents that she can develop self-sufficiency and communication skills only if she starts talking to different people without her mother’s presence. This approach would enable me to create close relationships with Ly Ly. As the RECE, I would talk to Ly Ly and demonstrate that she is as precious as the others in the class are; this would make her positive self-esteem (Pinsof, 2018). I would foster interaction between children in the classroom and learning together. I would treat all the children in the class equally regardless of their culture, habits, and type of family. Using smiles and asking questions would assist me in this task. The lessons would be preplanned to anticipate the consequences of the children’s feelings.