ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
In her article “The enormous scale of this movement,” through the description of the demonstration in Washington D.C., Elaine Godfrey addresses one of the most actual and disturbing political and social issues related to racial inequality in the United States. The majority of American cities, towns, and villages are currently affected by massive protests and demonstrations that were triggered by the death of George Floyd (Godfrey, 2020). According to the participants of demonstrations, the inappropriate discrimination of African Americans on the basis of race, especially by the police, exists, and it should be eliminated. In general, the major policy demands of protesters include police divestment, a national prohibition on hazardous standards of arrest, and the general improvement of the quality of black people’s lives (Godfrey, 2020). The author expresses her concern related to the scale of nationwide demonstrations and states that they “could carry on for days or weeks—maybe even through November” (Godfrey, 2020, para. 3). From a personal perspective, the claims of protesters are generally reasonable, and specific actions should be taken in order to abolish racial inequality. According to Godfrey, specific legal privileges of police officers contribute to the outbreak of war against black people. As a matter of fact, this statement may be regarded as controversial. In general, the duty of the police is the protection of the community against criminal activity. It goes without saying that on the basis of the officers’ legal responsibilities, they may apply force against individuals who violate the law and constitute a danger to the public. However, the police’s activities should not be conducted by prejudice or stereotypes concerning race and ethnicity. In other words, an officer cannot arrest an individual only because he or she is African American, Latin, or Asian. From a personal perspective, all cases of inappropriate use of force by police should be investigated, and perpetrators should be punished in conformity with the law. In addition, the demand of protesters to change the procedure of arrest and to prohibit chokeholds, in particular, is reasonable as well. Punishment should be provided in terms of legislation rather than physical force. According to the article, black Americans suffer more from the consequences of the pandemic, in comparison with white citizens. This statement has actual evidence – 39% of positions held by black employees are at risk, opposite to 34% for white workers. In addition, black health care providers are overrepresented in hospitals. Consequently, they are currently at a greater risk of virus infection, and such discrimination that may lead to severe health issues and death is unacceptable and should be prohibited. In addition, demonstrations should initiate the changes not only in the governmental system but in social norms as well. According to Yolanda Fleming, “she remembers white people pelting objects at her during her walk home from school as a child” (Godfrey, 2020,
The prime mover or the protagonist in the book is Toyo, an engaging protagonist in a harsh, difficult situation. This is because in a play the protagonist controls the movement of the plot. He determines the actions of other characters and the story revolves around him. It traces the developments in the boy’s life and the changes and compromises he makes in his life. The most important thing for him is to earn the respect of his father and his teammates. After watching his father help his uncle Koji perform seppuku, he goes to school at one of the esteemed high schools in Tokyo. In the school, His hopes are tempered by the brutality and cruelty of older students in power. His father trains him in bushido. He grows in skills and self-discipline and surprisingly improves his baseball. He has an antagonistic relationship with the father at times and gets embarrassed by him at times. For example, he found his father’s dress and behavior, offending when they attended the Shinto festival together. Generally, he is hardworking and obedient. He is also friendly and patient. The antagonist is Sataro. He is the one involved with the protagonist all through the story albeit negatively. He is the father to the main character, a scholarly samurai, and a journalist. He disapproves of the new western cultures that he sees to be eroding Japan’s culture. He too has decided that he cannot live in this new Japan and decides to instruct his son in the ways of bushido, or the warrior’s code. He tells Toyo that once he has taught him the, he, too, will take his own life. He later learns to accept the situation after the son proved to him that they can live in the new Japan. He is responsible and teaches his son their dying culture. H he too is a man of honor and has chosen to die for the tribe. The most important thing to him is honor, culture, and tradition. This book is told in the third person omniscient point of view. This is because it is told by a person who witnessed everything and knows what goes on in the minds of the characters. The narrator reports to us everything as if he was taking part in the events of the book. He knows what was going on in Koji’s mind and also knows what Satara thinks about
Introduction The act of committing suicide is to terminate one’s life unnaturally through self-destructive means. It is believed that around one million people commit suicide yearly in the world, and this figure includes around 30,000 in the United States alone. (Dryden, 1996-2008). The causes for a person committing suicide may be many including failures, contracting of a painful incurable disease, depression, feeling of being fed up with life, etc. Suicide could also result due to chronic alcoholism, use of strong non-prescription drugs, and sexual failings. Marital discord, withdrawal symptoms, the feeling of loneliness, depressive feelings, and lack of strong social and family support may be contributory factors for suicide. Discussions It is seen that suicide is an unnatural and quick snuffing of life, it is the family members who are most devasted by the passing away of the loved ones through self-destruction. Most of the suicide victims would have been young people in their prime on whom their parents would have placed hopes and aspirations for the future. When school and college students commit suicide, the families become heartbroken and distraught with grief, since the victims did not care to assess the feelings of elders before taking such an extreme step. It has been found that women are more prone to attempt suicide while males actually commit it. Methods of committing suicide: The commonest forms of suicide are drowning, Electric shocks, exsanguinations, jumping from heights, inhalation of carbon monoxide, poisoning, handing, overuse of drugs, and gunshots in fatal areas. ( Top 10 methods of suicide , 2007). It is believed that the commonly used weapon fo
Abstract This paper will present a detailed report on the operations of Al Fouad Group Company that is based in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. The first section is a detailed discussion of the company with respect to its origin, activities, and position in the Saudi economy. In the second section, I will discuss my experiences as an intern in the IT department of the pharmaceuticals division. Throughout my internship, which lasted for four months, I was able to work in various sections within the IT department. This exposure allowed me to put the knowledge I had obtained in class to practice. Additionally, I gained new knowledge in areas such as online marketing and software analysis. Finally, in conclusion, I will offer a summary of my experiences and observations. Overview Al Fouad Group Company is one of the largest and most established businesses in Saudi Arabia. It operates in a vast spectrum that involves different fields such as engineering, construction, energy, and pharmaceuticals. Al Fouad plays a dynamic role in promoting the economic growth of Saudi Arabia, especially in Mecca, where it is based. It has provided employment to many Saudis and even migrant workers from neighboring countries such as Yemen. The research conducted by the company in pharmacy and energy has resulted in giant steps in solving problems in the respective fields. Particularly, research in oil has been instrumental in terms of influencing strategies and policies in the nation whose economy is driven by oil. Al Fouad was founded over thirty years ago. Its main offices are in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. It has investments in many diverse sectors of the Saudi Arabian economy, ranging from engineering to pharmaceuticals. Al Fouad has grown over the years to become one of the most influential private businesses in the kingdom. It manufactures high-quality and best-cost products that guarantee customer satisfaction. Al Fouad’s products and services are customized according to the tastes and preferences of the Saudis. One of the main reasons for the robust growth of this company during its early years after inception was the growing demand for products with local taste. Al Fouad’s partnerships with other companies have strengthened its position in the economy by promoting efficient service delivery. The company has also engaged in constructive partnerships with key local players, including the government and local communities. Al Fouad is driven by the desire to ensure that sustainable growth is attained for Saudi Arabia. The service delivery of this company is motivated by a desire to promote high standards of living for Saudis. More recently, the company has integrated an Information Technology (IT) department into its operations. This idea was conceived in the wake of the growing influence of telecommunications, particularly social media. Al Fouad is dedicated to building strong relations with its clientele. Therefore, telecommunication has offered the opportunity for effective monitoring of customer trends and reactions to their products as a primary way of improving product quality and service delivery. This department is equipped with modern parapher
Introduction In project management, the project initiation document (PID) is crucial as it outlines the project’s scope, power, and criteria to measure the project’s success. PID is also essential to the project management team as it defines the foundation of the tasks at hand. The document describes the projects and provides the basis for management and evaluation. A project is implemented to achieve a particular goal. This concept makes it necessary to develop a plan to determine if the goals for implementing the project are met. As a project management document, PID also aids in the process of measuring success. Project justification In the modern economy, technology is taking over the ancient ways of doing a thing. The need for efficiency within limited resources has also triggered the need to find new, efficient ways to conduct production. Establishing a state-of-the-art intelligent laboratory in London will help achieve the economic need for efficiency. In London, the growing population of scientists in schools, colleges, universities, and other sectors creates demand for a smart laboratory that is up to date to test new ideas efficiently. The desire for new technologies is also a motivation for the establishment of the laboratory. The main objective of constructing this lab is to encourage innovations in the various disciplines of science. Some ideas might have been essential to the economy go untested, and their potentials go untapped. The project scope An amount of £750,000 has been set aside to turn an old building into a new laboratory. The money will be used to purchase all the necessities and pay the employees. Rehashed equipment in the old building will also be collected for reuse. The main deliverable in this project is a state-of-the-art intelligent laboratory. The building will be turned into a facility with equipment for testing new ideas and developing them into realities. The features installed in the lab include; computer-controlled
One hundred years after The beginning of the twentieth century was characterized by numerous changes taking place in every country of the world. The United Stated were also transforming into a new society. Americans tried to build a truly democratic country where all people of many nations and colors could be really equal. By all means, that was quite a difficult and very long process. In fact, it is hardly possible to state that the process has changed even one hundred years after. Of course, the life of African Americans has changed dramatically. For instance, in 1900 the majority of African Americans (83%) were living in rural areas, whereas in 1994 the majority of African American population (86,3%) lives in urban areas (Steele 35). It goes without saying that this part of population has gained many freedoms and in the beginning of the twenty-first century African Americans play an important role in the society. Nevertheless, the issue of racial intolerance is still one of the most burning in the United States. Many African Americans face many injustices and have to struggle trying to prove that they worth the freedoms gained. Thus, in such a world the book by W.E.B. Du Bois Souls of Black Folks can never become less important than I was 100 hundred years ago. The book has two major values. First of all, it is a historical sketch of what was happening in the society. So, it is a great source of detailed and comprehensive information. On the other hand, this book can be a valuable didactic source. Apart from giving certain facts and figures, the book also portrays the inner world of African Americans who had to struggle for being equal to white people. Thus, while reading Souls of Black Folks many can find the solution for the long-lasting tension. The value of factual information Despite the fact that Du Bois tried to outline “the spiritual world in which ten thousand Americans live and strive” he provided a lot of particular historical information (Du Bois 4). For instance, he mentions certain dates, figures and names which were significant for the life of African Americans. Thus, in “Of the Dawn of Freedom” Du Bois traces the major stages of the slavery emancipation process. He does not merely depicts the fears and hopes of African Americans but precisely reveals the conditions which formed those feelings in that part of American society. He comments on particular steps implemented by individuals or organizations to obtain equality. Notably, Du Bois provides quite unbiased analysis of those actions. He does not judge from the individual’s viewpoint, he sees the entire picture and articulates what was good or bad for the overall community of African Americans. For instance, Du Bois articulates that Washington’s program is erroneous in several crucial points. Byerman stresses that Du Bois “countered” one of the central Was
Pricing of goods and services Pricing of goods and services is a vital part of the profit – deciding on an organization. It is because the cost of producing a unit of a commodity is deducted from the price of the commodity to earn a profit. In most organizations, the selling price is arrived at after estimating the total unit cost of producing a unit of a product. It is a markup of the total cost of producing the product. Thus, the prices of goods should be above the average per unit cost of producing the goods. Otherwise, the company will incur losses. From the analysis above, it is true that a manager who charges prices that are below the cost per unit of the commodity needs further training on pricing decisions to help mitigate losses which a company is likely to make from wrong decision making (Collier 196). Pricing of e-books by Amazon.com and Apple Corporation The fixed costs consist of expenses that are incurred in lump sum irrespective of the number of units of goods and services produced. Examples of fixed costs are the purchase of land, equipment, and machinery among others. It is often difficult to allocate the amount spend on fixed costs on the number of units of goods and services. The low marginal costs of producing a unit of e-book can be attributed to the fact that the extra cost of producing an extra unit of the book is not dependent on the fixed cost. In the event that marginal pricing technique is used to determine the prices of the goods and services, the prices of goods and services will not be affected by the high fixed cost because the profit-maximizing level of output and prices is attained at the point where marginal cost equals the marginal revenue of the product. This is often demonstrated using the short-run marginal cost and marginal revenue curves. Thus, the high fixed costs will not affect the pricing decision of the firm. The prices will be low when marginal costing is used to calculate prices. Besides, it is consistent with the concept of profit maximization. After ascertaining the selling price of goods and services, the management of the company should go ahead and estimate the break-even number of units that needs to be produced and sold. Break-even analysis will make use of the fixed cost, selling prices and variable cost per unit in determining the price per unit (Haber 89). Uninsured and insured patients The difference between uninsured and insured patients is that the medical bills of the insured patients are paid up front. Thereafter, the individual can enjoy the services free of cost. An uninsured patient pays the medical expenses upon receiving medical treatment. The insured patient often receives discounts when paying upfront. Besides, they are in a pool and thus some medical expenses are paid for as a group. The individual bears a small proportion of the burden as compared to when they are not insured. Also, the government subsidizes the medical costs when individuals are insured than when they pay for the medical costs individually because the administrative
Introduction The present essay is devoted to an investigation of the interrelationships between domestic violence (DV) and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) with a focus on the ways the latter can be used to reduce the former. In general, there is a bilateral relationship between the phenomena. As an initiative that aims to improve the quality of the life of people worldwide, MDGs are indeed capable of addressing DV indirectly through the goals that target its causes (Grose & Grabe 2014; Trinh et al. 2016). On the other hand, DV tends to hinder the achievement of MDGs (Öhman & Emmelin 2014). However, from the point of view of the future initiatives that will aim to reduce DV, the topic of the use of MDGs’ experience to reduce DV appears to be particularly important, especially in case the mistakes and restrictions of MDGs are taken into account. As a result, it can be suggested that the conclusions about the rather meager contribution of MGDs to the reduction of DV imply that future similar efforts in this direction have to include comprehensive and customized goals that are based on extensive and ongoing discussions of the global community, especially the people who are directly involved in the work with DV. Millennium Development Goals and the Reduction of Domestic Violence Domestic Violence, Its Consequences, and Causes Modern governments and international organizations, including the World Health Organization and the UN, realize that apart from the instances and consequences of DV, its causes should also be taken into account and addressed (Grose & Grabe 2014; Öhman & Emmelin 2014; Trinh et al. 2016). As a result, a review of the potential of MDGs for resolving the issue needs to analyze the contribution of the goals to the resolution of the instances, consequences, and causes of DV. Therefore, the three elements of DV need to be defined. The term “domestic violence” refers to the violence that occurs among the people who belong to one family. The notion does not have to refer to the nuclear family: for example, in Australia, DV includes the violence that occurs in extended families and between ex-family members (Senate 2015). One of the specifics of DV is its notable gender-related discrepancy: females of different ages are much more likely to experience DV, and the most common form of DV is that perpetrated against women by their male intimate partners (Öhman & Emmelin 2014, p. 2). For example, in Australia, male victims constituted one-fourth of the partner-induced DV that resulted in homicide in 2012, and other types of DV demonstrated similar patterns (Cussen & Bryant 2015). Thus, DV is a significant issue that can affect people of all ages and sexes, but female people are more likely to experience it. DV is a major social problem and one of the key health concerns of modern global society (Trinh et al. 2016). Some of the consequences of DV include issues like the deterioration of physical and mental health of the people who are involved in or witness DV, the loss of human lives, and the increased risks of homelessne
Whenever a global health threat arises, and the possibility of an epidemic or even pandemic development emerges, the government must produce an immediate response to safeguard the lives of citizens and ensure that their health remains unaffected. However, banning specific activities without due explanation often turns out to be counterproductive, as the examples of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic, the measles outbreak in 2019, and the ban on smoking and fast food in 2021 have shown (Gold, 2020; Goodman, 2019; Paybarah, 2019). The reasons for the observed initiatives to fail seem to concern the specifics of human behavior. Namely, in addition to the incentive of enjoyment that people receive from engaging in a specific activity, they will also have the thrill of participating in something that is forbidden, hence the increased motivation and the gove
The chosen article describes the influence of Nicola Adams, who is a professional boxer. Adams grew world-famous as the first female boxer to become an Olympic champion in 2012. However, she obtained the highest popularity in her career when she won the second gold medal in Rio in 2016. As of now, the athlete has taken a well-deserved vacation and does not participate in world competitions but actively fights discrimination. Adams had the experience of discrimination based on gender and race. In fact, before the appearance of the athlete, boxing was traditionally a male sport. Adams has been criticized on the grounds of gender policy, although after 2012, the sports community recognized the potential of women and their possible achievements (Woodward, 2014). Despite the challenging course, the athlete was able to prove to the male world that women, regardless of race and origin, are competent in boxing. In the current media, she is mentioned as a successful athlete and a woman with an active position on gender and race equality. It seems to me that the initial attitude towards Williams on the part of the professional sports community and the media was negative. Only after the tennis player could win, did she become considered a worthy professional, regardless of gender. Nicola Adams’ victory had the same effect, allowing her to fight for women’s rights (Woodward, 2014). Although the sports community and media were more demanding of Williams, they examined her clothing and physique. As a result of observations, they performed assumptions about the muscularity of the athlete, and people tried to find a connection physical shape her race and origin. In my opinion, it is a myth that black athletes have extraordinary strength and physique that permits them to win. In order to achieve a perfect body shape, an athlete requires to train carefully. However, the myth that only men can box should also be refuted. In fact, this sport requires strength and endurance, but women can show them. Thus, these examples show that gender and race are not the grounds for discrimination against women in their desire to do sports. Reference Woodward, K. (2014). Legacies of 2012: Putting women’s boxing into discourse. Contemporary Social Science , 9 (2), 242-252. Web.