ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction There is a contradiction in the mind of teenagers, which has been difficult to transcend. The issue of making the right decision on the activities they are to embark on and whose counsel to follow has been of high importance to teenagers. Teenagers in the present age find themselves in a tight situation with decision-making in that their school psychologists made them realize that being happy is based on the ability to make friends and the development of skills. Meanwhile, teachers and parents advised that happiness lies in competing and outperforming others. However, to teenagers, happiness means fame, joy, contentment, and having peace of mind. Just as Paul Brenner asserted in his book, “If life is a game, why am I not having fun”. He quoted that “Happiness is success” 1 . Looking at it from the teenagers’ perspective of happiness, play to them means happiness and happiness means success. Accordingly, there is a vast distinction between one accomplishing his goal to be happy and to accomplish happily. Opinion In the essay “Children Needs to play not compete” Jessica Statsky talked about some of the health, physical, and psychological reasons’ children should not be allowed to indulge in competitive games or sports. She appealed to the parents and coaches or game masters on the implications and dangers of organized sports, and she argued that competitive sports may harm teenagers both physically and mentally. Statsky in the book stated that sports generally are organized activity irrespective of how it’s being organized either locally or nationally or internationally. She also persuaded that both contact and non-contact sports played by kindergarten have side effects on the children either as a competitor or as a spectator; hence they should not be allowed to partake in competitive sports. He further stated that the Adult standard of sports that is imposed on teenagers by overzealous coaches and parents makes sports unproductive and unprofitable to the children hence desisting from such action of infliction. In Statsky’s essay, she made a clear opinion of her stands on the consequences involved in such games including the physical harm to growing bodies and the psychological harm of competing. She also emphasized the method of selection and the determination of parents and coaches who impose that winning is done or die affair. In light of Jessica Statsky’s book ‘Children need to play, not compete, she argued that, with the vivid increase of sporting competition lately in the United States, children have been exposed to adults hard and rigorous training by devoted parents and coaches at their tender age making a game that is supposed to are made to go through and also the belief that they must always win thereby making them lose the spirit of sportsmanship, and neither gaining satisfaction nor benefiting from them. In as much as sports are good for physical, mental, and emotional growth, they should be organized in a manner that the youths will enjoy the ga
Introduction The lab referred to as the second network infrastructure lab lays its focus on the concept of a router, and more so, on its basic configuration. This lab aims at comprehending the concepts of Ethernet ports and serial around the router. It is said to cover areas such as file sharing, which is done via File Transfer Protocol and the Trivial File Transfer Protocol, the Telnet and also the Cisco Discovery Protocol. The Registered Jack The Registered Jack – 45 (RJ-45) is the UTP Ethernet network cable that is mainly recommended to connect a personal computer with the aid of the console. Its features are telephone-like and hold up to eight wires hence making its wire connector wider than any other Ethernet connectors. This has made it the most suitable cable for connecting the PC to a local area network (LAN) because of its high speed in the connection. This cable has been recommended and favored over the other connectors due to its strong network that guarantees a strong connection to the success of the communication for the appropriate sockets. Its maintenance is also lower compared to other cables as it is smaller with sufficient power. Its connectivity is also not limited as it has both male and female connectors. The connection is said to increase when other cables have been connected resulting in voltage area and a current that is relatively low. Recent research has indicated that the RJ-45 registered jack is commonly used in telecommunications firms hence being termed as the ever-present Ethernet connector. RJ-45 is, therefore, a vital part of the Ethernet and failure to integrate it in the connection can cause some adverse consequences. It can result to failure of PCs connection due to lack of the hard-line required to make the connection complete. HyperTerminal The functionality of the terminal evaluation and communication relies on a program known as HyperTerminal. The program uses the Windows 98 version and is offered as part of Microsoft operating systems enabling the usage of resources of any other PC by creating a link between the operating systems. HyperTerminal program has been defined as an application used to connect a computer to Telnet sites, online services, servers and bulletin board systems (remote systems). The program has been configured to institute a console connection using a router. After connecting the consoler cable to the modem or router on the adjacent end of the terminal, one then connects the RJ-45 console serial cable to the terminal. Once the connection has been done, a Run option is selected from the start menu of the windows and in the run dialog box, the word hypertrm.exe is typed and click the enter button. The HyperTerminal loads and its splash screen will appear. The program uses some router modes which include the Privileged Mode, Specific Configuration Mode, the Global Configuration Mode and the User Exec Mode. Some modes require one to have a password while some don’t. The User Exec or the Privileged Mode’s passw
Introduction Alan Lomax collected and preserved folk music related to different cultures. He got his inspiration from his father- John Lomax who was also a folklorist. He carried out this work for six decades; traveling widely in the United States, Spain, the Caribbean, Great Britain, Italy, and Ireland. His contribution to the Archive of American Folk Song was great placing it among the best music resources in the world. His collection included recordings of storytellers, singers and instrumentalists. Lomax’s love for ethnomusicology was also revealed in his books on music, radio shows hosted in both CBS and the BBC and his New York concert series, The Midnight Special. He has incredibly contributed to the preservation of music, especially classic folk, and introduced a couple of artists to the music industry. His materials, in the custody of Archive of American Folk Song, are deemed one of the best cultural music collections in the whole world (Mahar 1). Alan’s folk music convictions Lomax believed that human continuity and adaptation were a result of cultural and folklore existence. Due to this end, he was determined to advocate for the use, enjoyment as well as scientific study of culture through folklore preservation. He thus established a platform for the same in the Association for Cultural Equity (ACE) that is presently under the leadership of his daughter in New York. In addition to these convictions, Alan was of the idea that folk music is a mystery outside its production context and that folk music is dynamic in order to accommodate cultural and social changes of its background (Wadey 1). Analysis A closer look at the accomplishments made by Lomax makes one doubt his conviction that music folk music is only applicable and understandable within the context of its background. If his conviction is true, then preservation does not make sense. His music was collected from several backgrounds and cultures and thus if folk music can only be understood in its cultural background
Introduction The Ganges is one of the most important rivers in the history of humanity as well as in the life of Indian people. It is the cradle of civilization, and it remains one of the sacred destinations of worship (Das and Tamminga 1648). The river accounts for a quarter of the country’s water resources (Das and Tamminga 1650). It also sustains around 40% of the Indian population. This population density, industrial development and cultural peculiarities of India have led to the significant pollution of the river. It is necessary to note that the government has undertaken numerous steps to address the issue. Nonetheless, this effort has been quite unsuccessful due to such factors as the failure to involve all the stakeholders. Steps Undertaken As for the measures to improve the situation, in 1985, the Indian government launched the Ganga Action Plan (GAP) aimed at diminishing the river’s pollution (Das and Tamminga 1655). The major focus of the program was made on the industries and sewage. Certain attention was also paid to the problem of the pollution through the exposure of improperly cremated corpse. A number of electric crematoriums were established. There were many court cases that resulted in significant penalties for many companies. The sewage system was also improved significantly. However, the problem was not resolved completely, and GPA II was developed. The new program is more holistic as it addresses such factors as religious and cultural. The History of the City of Benares It is necessary to note that the environment program failed as it did not take into account the major peculiarities of the people living along the river. The city of Benares plays an essential role in the impact of the population on the river pollution. Apart from being an important industrial location, the city is a sacred place for millions of people. The ancient name of the place is Varanasi (Davies and Mates 236). It is also known as an important cremation location and the place where “the genesis of the universe occurred” and where “the corpse of creation will burn at time’s end” (qtd. in Davies and Mates 236). Therefore, millions of pilgrims visit this site annually. Clearly, this contributes to the problem of pollution. These people come to the city to cleanse in the waters of Ganges. People also bring flowers and sweets to give their gifts to the gods. Hindu people bathe in the river to purify themselves. They also take the water in their hands and pour it back to the river as an offering to the gods as well as their ancestors (Davies and Mates 236). People also take some water with them to use in various rituals at home. The Hindu Cremation Ritual Another significant problem that leads to further pollution of the river is the Hindu cremation ritual. As has been mentioned above, Hindus believe that waters of Ganges purify, and people cleanse corpses of their close ones before cremating them (Davies and Mates 236). The ashes of cremated people are thrown into the river as it is believed that this is the way to further life cycle. Conclusion On balance, it is possible to note that the Ganges has played a central role in
There is a huge amount of private colleges offering their services to pupils who want to specialize in some sphere and upgrade their knowledge of certain subjects and receive a prestigious diploma at the same time. Parents are also concerned about what college to choose to reach all of their goals: both to pay a reasonable sum of money for the college’s services and to give their child the best possible education to ensure his or her future, career, and success. In this respect every college tries to advertise itself in the most favorable way, showing all benefits it may provide for its enrollees. According to business metrics costs for tuition would be considered as compared to the quality of education provided in that particular college. However, the Jim Collins’ scheme of greatness does not include business metrics and has to be based on some other considerations besides the economic side of the issue. Thus, in the context of discussing greatness of a college it is possible to suppose that the metrics indicators will include here the quality of education provided (i.e. the degrees and professional status of tutors), the quality of management and coordination of the college, the records about successful careers of those who graduated from this college, the quality of life in the dormitory as well as all other studying conditions that have to be at the adequate level. One more point one should not forget about is the ability to call a college good-to-great if it passed the way through at first having indicators below than average and further on upgrading them up to three times better than the average. No matter how this breakthrough would be achieved by the college, but it should officially show these results. The next step is to define the college according to the level five leadership. It becomes clear that the leaders in the college should be represented from all interest groups, starting from the administration of the college and finishing with student unions and societies. According to the opinion of Collins (2001), the level five leader should be mainly focused on the success and welfare of the organization he works for, but not on his or her own benefits. So, it is possible to say that in schools these level five leaders should fight for the success of the school, for satisfaction of students and teachers and the overall status and respectable position of the college in the overall educational space of the country and the whole world. Again following the guidance of Collins (2001), one needs to identify the level of the step five leaders have to take i
Introduction The right to own and use guns is considered one of the most important rights by many American citizens. The significance of this right can be seen from the fact that it is included in the Second Amendment and successive governments have continued to protect the right. However, this right has become controversial in recent decades due to the many incidents of gun related violence observed all over the United States. In response to the increase in gun related violence, the government has enacted a number of gun regulations. These gun control regulations are meant to reduce the ease with which civilians can obtain guns. Gun control policies are based on the premise that tighter control will reduce the prevalence of weapons. In turn, this reduction will result in the decline in the violent crime carried out using firearms. This paper will set out to ascertain the impact that gun control laws have on violent crime prevalence and the number of guns available to civilians in the US. Guns and Crime Crime is one of the most important problems affecting modern society and governments and policy makers are constantly looking for ways to reduce crime. Among the various types of crimes, violent crime is considered the most serious and its prevalence has a negative impact on the entire society. Guns are associated with violence since they are lethal weapons that can inflict deadly damage. Gun availability might encourage a weaker attacker to confront stronger victims. Guns also make it possible for an attacker, who would not have the courage to attack at close proximity to engage his victim from a distance. Due to their effectiveness, guns are the weapon of choice for most criminals. Research indicates that more than 60% of the homicides in the US are carried out using firearms (Moorhouse and Brent 106). Guns are also used to carry out non-lethal crimes such as sexual assault, robbery and simple assault. Reports by the Bureau of Justice Statistics reveal that in the non-lethal crimes where weapons were used, 40% of the offenders used firearms (Walter 5). Federal Regulations Due to the significant negative impacts of firearms, the federal government has implemented some major statutes to regulate firearms. The first major Federal statute is the National Firearms Act of 1934. This regulation was designed to limit the ability of individuals to obtain guns that were perceived to be especially lethal. The regulation controlled the types of firearms that civilians might purchase making it impossible for high caliber assault weapons to be freely traded. Walter documents that since 1934, the US government has imposed strict control on fully automatic firearms and shotguns (3). These restrictions were tightened even further when fully automatic firearms were banned from private possession since 1986. This ensures that the law enforcement officials have a monopoly on powerful automatic weapons that can be used to cause significant damage. The second major Federal statute implemented to regulate guns was the Gun Control Act of 19
Introduction Erik Erikson in his theory of psychosocial development postulates that, behavior development originates from innate characteristics of a child that sequentially develop through the eight stages of personality development under the influence of the society and culture. Erikson believes that personality development does not end at adolescence as depicted by Freud but it is a lifelong process. Each stage has an optimal time required for ego to resolve a psychosocial crisis. The resolution of the psychosocial crises at the preceding stages cumulatively determines the personality. Proper resolution of the psychosocial crisis in each stage results into a personality virtue while poor resolution of the psychosocial crisis results into mal-adaptation and malignancy. Mal-adaptation and malignancy are the anomalies of imbalanced personalities that may occur at each stage. The malignancy is due to skewed ego resolution towards negative personality while mal-adaptation is due to the skewed ego resolution towards positive personality. Therefore, the psychosocial theory postulates that the development of behavior from the innate characteristics through into the adulthood occurs due to consecutive and cumulative impacts of the society and culture. Childhood Stages During infant stage, oral-sensory is behaviour development that occurs within the first two years of an infant. The psychosocial crisis here is between the trust and mistrust that depends on the perceived quality of the maternal care by the infant. Proper resolution and balance of the trust and mistrust by the ego, results into a virtue of faith and hope that gives an infant the qualities of patience and tolerance when the needs are not satisfied in time. These virtues are important in one’s future personalities, as they help individuals “…get through disappointments in love, our careers, and many other domains of life” (Boeree, 2006, p.7). Faith and hope will make people endure the hard circumstances they encounter in the society and the work places. Improper and imbalanced resolution of trust and mistrust by the ego will result into malignant tendency of withdrawal and mal-adaptative tendency of sensory adjustment. For instance, Kennedy is a young kid depicted in the literature as a kid who only trusts family members and mistrusts stranger because he is trying to resolve psychosocial crisis of trust versus mistrust. Toddler is the second stage occurring between 2-4 years is known as anal-muscular stage. The psychosocial crisis at this stage is the autonomy versus shame that depends on the degree of the restrictions imposed on the child by the parents. The toddler needs a balance between autonomy and shame, thus the ego must resolve the psychosocial crisis by balancing the two. According t
Education plays a significant role in the life of every person. It promotes the development of intelligence, knowledge base and outlook of a person. Moreover, the process of obtaining education also has a great influence on a person. University life very often changes a student as he/she has to adapt to new conditions under which he/she is going to study. The process of study at the University always creates a great number of problems which students have to solve. Skills obtained in the process of finding the best possible decision can be very useful in the future life of a student ( Adaptation to the University Life, n.d.). From this point of view, the process of obtaining an education can be taken as the act of gaining experience in how to behave in certain situations which can happen in the life of every person. That is why studying good decisions in university life is vital. Usually, there are several main problems which need some solutions. In this assignment, we will discuss five main issues and possible decisions which are connected with them. The first obvious issue which needs good decision is the problem of adaptation. University life is absolutely different from the usual life of a student. Having entered the university, a student finds himself/herself in an absolutely new environment. New people and places can confuse anyone. Moreover, the stream of information is huge, and a student can become lost. That is why it is absolutely necessary to adapt to new conditions quickly as successes of the whole process of study depend on it. A person should devote much time to the attempts to find the best possible solution to this problem. However, there is no universal method for it. Every student has to create his own approach and make a good decision. Besides, it is obvious that experience obtained while trying to cope with this problem can become very useful in future life. There will be many situations when a person has to change his/her root, and new conditions will create another stress for him. That is why the main steps to adapt to new situation which were created at the University will be very useful. The next problem is connected with the previous one and also demands a good decision. Having entered the University, a person will become surrounded by new people. It is obvious, that this fact can be very stressful for people, especially if they have problems with communication ( How students adapt to life at University , 2013). However, there is no use denying the fact that communication plays a great role in the life of people, that is why communication skills are vital for a person. Moreover, University is the best place for their development. Students do not have great responsibility and that is why it is easier for them to organize communication if to