ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Ethics is one of the pillars of healthcare, especially in terms of monetizing outcomes. It is important to note “health care ethics (a.k.a “medical ethics”) is the application of the core principles of bioethics (autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice) to medical and health care decisions” (“Medical Ethics,” n.d., para. 1). This paper explores the ethical issues that outcomes monetization implies, as well as two methods to prevent the failure of implementation. Ethical Issues Involved in Outcomes Monetization One of the ethical issues is the paradox that the evaluator of the program participants’ contribution is also assessed whether he or she is ethically worthy of performing the evaluation. Also, several federal authorities, such as OHRP, require evaluators to comply with ethical regulations in healthcare to receive financing (Issel & Wells, 2018). As a result, these problems contribute to creating a situation in which the ideal monetization of outcomes is impossible, and the specialist has to sacrifice something to achieve the desired output. Techniques to Avoid the Failure of Interventions One of the possible methods to avoid failure during the interventions in healthcare is the performing of logic models. The lack of logic models leads to the inability to build complex planning structures and, during the intervention itself, to an ineffective collaboration and interplay of various organization coalitions (Issel & Wells, 2018). Another preventive technique that contributes to the success of the intervention’s implementation is business plans. Not using such documents may lead to multiple minor costs that can gain critical mass and drive to the global failure of the intervention (Issel & Wells, 2018). Also, the lack of business planning cuts off the necessary investments. Conclusion This paper examined the ethical aspect of monetizing outcomes in the healthcare industry. Ethical aspects are divided into the internal organizational issue, which is the ethical paradox, and the external organizational problem, such as the intervention of government departments. Two techniques were also presented to avoid critical errors in implementing the intervention, which are logic modeling and business planning. The relevance of these methods was determined in terms of the various ways that interventions can fail.
I am sure that I was not alone in having a traditional view of the role of the nurse in the healthcare sector at the beginning of the semester; while the role of the nurse as the primary caregiver in the hospital is still relevant, the overall docket of the nurse has continued to expand over the years. At the beginning of the semester, in my mind, the nurse worked primary and was restricted to the day to day operations of the health sector; however, over time I have come to appreciate that healthcare involves more than just caring for the sick in the hospital; indeed, a lot of what happens in the hospital is dictated by events happening outside the precincts. For example, even the list of the patients to who the nurse is attending on a particular day is determined by several issues inside and outside the healthcare sector including the socioeconomic status of the community and their purchasing power. If the hospital is for example a for-profit firm, then it would have no choice but to turn away any person without health insurance. Being part of the first line of defense in regards to the health of the country, the nurse holds a major stake in the industry; and is intimately affected by any events that might affect the sector. Right now, the economic downturn is affecting every sector in the country, and indeed the world. As people lose their jobs and their home, more and more people are losing their ability to afford medical care. As an individual, I have learned that I have a role in mitigating this condition. As mentioned before, the nurse forms the face of any medical facility and is a major point of interaction between the public and the medical profession. The best way to mitigate a scenario where people cannot afford healthcare is to prevent people from getting sick in the first place; the nurse can play a central role in this effort by educating as many people as possible about healthy living. Today among the factors that are weighing down the healthcare sector with rapidly expanding costs is that of preventable and non-infectious diseases such as obesity (and its co-morbidities like diabetes mellitus and heart disease) and drug use. A concerted effort in the nursing fraternity to dispense as much information as possible to all the patients about the prevention of these diseases I believe can reduce significantly the load that our healthcare sector is currently carrying. If the nursing fraternity formulated a comprehensive policy to educate the populace that would involve not only counseling patients coming to the healthcare facility but also g
Introduction The new workforce is difficult to image without innovative technologies and solutions. Technology makes communication easier and faster, it goes beyond geographical boundaries and national borders. New technology brings to the new workplace the speed and accuracy. Technology is easy in use incorporating the ways in which social cues may be achieved when communicating. Thesis: Technology brings a lot of benefits to modern workforce including speed, easy access and invisible boundaries, thus it hides many dangers for people – lack of personal communication and interaction. Main body The main advantages of technology for new workforce are speed and easy access. Since advantages may differ among hierarchical levels, technology designers need to tailor the presentation of advantages to the level of the potential user. This shared knowledge is mediated by mutual trust and influence. This implies that organizations need to be sensitive to opportunities for social interaction to enable the development of trust (Norman 20). Technology may be to facilitate the distribution of information, to monitor organizational units, or to enable the generation of ideas within a group. From a management perspective, communication technology should primarily serve the intended goals. The fundamental question arising is concerned with the relationship between this external parameter and the agents – knowledge workers – of the organization. Herndon underlines (1997): “technology is designed to enhance or augment human skills, rather than merely to replicate them. As a result, human needs, skills, and decisions are foregrounded, with technology serving as a resource or support” (93). As technology is introduced, workers have to make media choices that translate into alternative ways of processing information. These media choices are made in the context of having to achieve an expected level of individual performance (Weil and Rosen 72). The second advantage is that technology makes business work boundless. It eliminates possible geographical destinations and opens the world for a common worker. “Since technology is a strategic enabler of one of the most basic tasks within organizations, namely information processing, it has to be viewed as a unique technological tool for organizations” (Norman 43). This uniqueness implies that communication technology not only has an impact on organizations, but transcends all organizational activities. Although the technological impact p
Tony Takitani is a film that captures the melancholy of Murakami’s short story of the same name. Tony, the main character, a mechanical illustrator by profession, is a son of two Japanese parents. He grew up alone with a caretaker in his tender age since his mother had died a few days after he was born. His father, a jazz musician, was never at home since he travelled a lot with his jazz band. This paper seeks to provide a critical analysis and comparison of the film and the novel Tony Takitani. The paper also highlights the film techniques that have been employed by the movie. Tony, who becomes a successful draughtsman, lives alone in his spacious apartment, a solitude environment that captures the audience attention. In his apartment, the director Ichikawa Jun captures a spacious apartment with a huge doorway and a window emphasizing unutilized space. This gives the audience a clear picture of a visible world that characterized Tony’s isolation (Murakami 2002). Tony’s loneliness begins in his childhood, growing up without a mother who died shortly after he was born. He also grew up without his father, a much travelled jazz musician who was always out for his music performance. In school, his different name isolates him from his peers since it sounds American. His only consolation is his ability to produce drawings, unique in nature and with unbelievable accuracy. This talent seems to compensate his loneliness, a life he had no ability to control. He later owes his success to this talent, in college and later in his career (Ichikawa 2004). Though Tony’s emptiness lingers throughout the movie, he appears unaware of his emptiness. At the beginning of the movie, the audience witness him say that he never thought he was especially lonely. Tony’s lack of awareness is presented clearly in the film, and makes his loneliness to be especially poignant. Later when he meets Eiko, who becomes his wife, he begins to understand and fear his inner solitude. Eiko, a young beautiful lady, is a “shopaholic” who spends much of her time shopping for expensive clothes. She has a strange inclination to expensive designer clothes that even a spare room is converted into a wardrobe to accommodate her collections. At the beginning, Tony is mysteriousl
Family social workers often assess difficulties before making any recommendations regarding potential solutions to family problems. The professionals often utilize various frameworks and instruments for assessment. One of such tools is Family Categories Schema, which features eight areas of family functioning (Collins, Jordan, & Coleman, 2013). Analyzing each one of these areas allows social workers to determine issues and how problems are interrelated with each other. Because family prosperity and family strengths are closely related, the specialists may use Family Categories Schema in order to identify and cultivate the advantages of the family. They, in turn, will serve as a critical contributor to positive family results. This paper covers two elements of the schema and discusses some of the potential strengths related to each area. Such information will be valuable because it will help identify common strengths without spending additional time on careful examination. Problem Solving Physical and emotional problems are common in almost all families. The family health is not determined by how few issues the family has, but by how these challenges are faced and resolved. Therefore, problem-solving is one of the most critical areas in the Family Categories Schema (Collins et al., 2013). Potential strengths that allow families to cope with the threats are an ability to recognize the problem, effective communication in regard to the challenge, a collaborative approach to brainstorming potential solutions, successfully acting upon the issue, consistent monitoring of efforts, and adequately evaluating success. Fundamentally, the strengths resemble a successful implementation of each step of the effective problem-solving process (Collins et al., 2013). Identifying some of these strengths will allow the social worker to determine which parts of the process are not working correctly and provide the family with appropriate interventions. Communication Proper communication is a vital factor that determines the health of the family. The research suggests that happy families feature an exceptional level of communication and mutual understanding (Duncan & McLane, 2018). However, the notion of communication is complex because it serves two functions – delivering messages and defining the nature of the relationship between a speaker and a listener (Collins et al., 2013). Potential strengths regarding the quality of communication are clear and consistent messaging, trustworthiness and truthfulness, mutual empathy, absence of blaming, and positive interactions, including humor. Such conditions facilitate problem-solving, and conflict resolution, because mutual understanding and adequate information exchange are the primary factors behind collaborative problem-solving. Communicational strengths are able to complement other shortcomings of the family because they allow the family to approach a problem collectively, stay united, promote fairness,
The research on the Identification of the Mental Health Patient as a Culturally Unique Population in the Post-Anaesthesia Care Unit by Tomes Montei and Dawn Woten (2013) was approved by the relevant institutional review board. The researchers obtained informed consent from all participants of the study, but no information was provided regarding anonymity or confidentiality. The vulnerability of the subjects was factored in the research design, and this affected the approach to this research. However, despite this fact, there was no coercion on the part of the researchers (Broyles, 2006). The subjects had no opportunity to ask questions irrespective of the fact that they were informed on the importance of the study and could obtain the research findings. The research problem was clearly identified with a succinct problem statement. The study variables were clearly defined, and it was clear from the design of the research that this was qualitative research. Empirical data was also used, and the study’s approach indicates that it was an ethical study. On the same note, a feasibility study was not conducted. A concise literature review is evident, but it was not comprehensive. The sources used were relevant to the study, and they were critically appraised in addition to having a logical flow. Furthermore, the author used current resources with little use of direct quotes from them. They could be easily identified as primary or secondary sources and were cited correctly on the reference page . There was a clear identification of a nursing theory framework that was appropriate. The concepts were exhaustively defined, with the relationships between them clearly explained, and the research question was supported by a hypothesis that was clearly stated. Moreover, the study findings were adequately related to the study framework, and they served to actually help the framework (Nieswiadomy, 2012). The hypothesis was stated through the use of a declarative statement. The idea and study problem went hand in hand. It is also worth pointing out that two variables were used in the population. The nature of the hypothesis could be empirically tested, and it was a unidirectional hypothesis. The study design was elaborated clearly, and the research question can be answered without necessarily having to test the hypothesis. In addition to that, the research sets a cause and effect relationship between the research variables. Moreover, the study employs the use of a non-experimental design. However, the most appropriate approach to be employed would be an experimental design. The control of extraneous variables in this design approach draws the researchers to use descriptive methods to control various aspects, such as subject characteristics. The phenomenon being studied can only be addressed most appropriately through the use of a qualitative design strategy (Tomes,
Introduction The structure of governance has continued to change as society continues to adapt to varying social, political, and economic vagrancies. Today, we have political systems that are completely different from the ones that were prevalent a century ago. It is imperative to note that today’s forms of governments, power structures, and how individual freedoms are guaranteed still depend heavily on scholarly works of ancient political philosophers. This essay serves to compare and contrast the government’s extent of power in the modern and ancient society while drawing heavily on the works of some of the great philosophers. Main body At the earliest stages of civilization, as well as at the latest, in the absence of democracy, the state can be represented as undeveloped political formation. In that regard, the state can be said to be developing, in accordance with the requirements of the civilization. Accordingly, the question of power can be considered as central to the studies on the essence and the role of the state, since the ancient times and until these days. The representation of the predestination and the role of the government in the society were covered at first, in the religious and philosophic writings, and then gradually, the political conscious started to have an independent nature, although keeping the connection to the initial roots. One of the major thinkers of the ancient world and the student of Socrates –Plato, devoted many works to questions related to the just formed state in ancient Greece. In Plato’s The Republic , the division of power was a proposed method of eradicating and/or minimizing corruption. Plato believed that an ideal state is a state with a division of the competencies and authorities of state structure (Monoson 127). The teachings of Plato on the necessity of dividing power found the most suitable and ideal form in the workings of Aristotle. Similar to Plato, the most important factor in the state processes is assigned to the division of tasks. Additionally, Aristotle outlined three forms of government, which are tyranny, oligarchy and democracy, and accordingly, he pointed out to that a certain form of government might meet the needs better than the other, where the example can be seen through the appropriateness of oligarchy or tyranny to fight the corruption better than democracy. Explaining such notion, Plato’s The Republic does a better job, where it does not “exhibit any interest in specifically democratic strategies or securing responsible rule” (Monoson 127). The differences in Plato’s and Aristotle’s doctrines can be seen in that Plato emphasized the power to the elites, with the separation of institutions, such as the economic, private and political, being used to prevent abuse. Aristotle, n the other hand, emphasized an assembly composed of all citizens as the most powerful body, having the less power than the whole body of the Aristotelian citizens (Aristotle and Jowett). The medieval epoch was characterized by the domin
Populations which face the most risk The majority of household cleaning products such as disinfectants put up the warning “Keep out of Reach of Children” in heavy type on their markers. As buyers, we presume that if children are prevented from swallowing these products, they will be kept from harm. However, the most widespread means of exposure occur by means of the skin and respiratory tract. Children are habitually in contact with the deposits which housecleaning goods issue by crawling on the floor, lying down, and taking a seat on the sparkling floorboards. Children, in particular babies and toddlers, often stick their fingers on their orifice and in their noses, escalating the dangers of exposure. When a child eats his food, it is very likely that the foodstuff is put directly on a chair tray that has been freshly cleaned with a household cleaner or dish detergent. Thus toxic chemicals go into his body through his digestive route. Another issue here is that children’s exposure probability is superior to that of adults’ for the reason that even though the number of hazardous chemicals in any product is constant, the body of a child is smaller in size, which in effect increases the concentration of the toxic chemicals. Further, their immune systems are not completely developed. As a consequence, children, in all probability, face the gravest danger of chemical exposures by means of disinfecting products. In addition, populations with a definite threat are breast cancer sufferers, elderly
Introduction The war against drugs has taken different shapes over the past century. Governments and jurisdictions rely on emerging ideas and criminal issues to implement superior policies that are intended to protect the lives and experiences of citizens. The possession, use, and trafficking of drugs are some of the practices that are linked to reduced security and increased criminal activities. However, the criminal justice systems and procedures put in place reveal that there is a need for drug decriminalization. This essay examines the nature of this issue from an affirmative point of view. Drug Decriminalization The idea of drug decriminalization is an evidence-based approach aimed at addressing the challenges of illicit substances. Different states in the United States have introduced new policies aimed at legalizing the possession, use, and transport of small quantities of various substances, such as bhang. A good example of such efforts is the Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion (LEAD) whose aim is to guide and support drug users through personalized treatment (Brennan, 2017). This model ensures that the individuals are to be booked or arrested for specific drug offenses. Some of them include low-level marketing and possession of certain substances. From this analysis, it is evident that drug decriminalization is an initiative intended to eliminate the penalties for minor crimes associated with various substances. Some of these offenses include drug possession, abuse, and marketing (Virani & Haines-Saah, 2020). Another malpractice the relevant agencies address using the established legal systems includes the possession of various equipment individuals use to inject drugs into their blood systems, such as syringes and needles. In the United States, the government is proposing several measures to take the war on illicit drugs to the next level. A good example is the targeted Drug Policy Reform Act that has remained controversial. Many stakeholders have, therefore, been focusing on new approaches to help abusers instead of victimizing them. Supporting Drug Decriminalization Drug decriminalization has emerged as an evidence-based strategy that is capable of delivering various benefits. First, the model is capable of the federal funds or costs incurred in the country’s prison system. For instance, Virani and Haines-Saah (2020) revealed that around 1.6 million citizens were arrested in 2018 for drug-related offenses. Around 86 percent of such individuals were guilty of possessing, distributing, or selling small quantities of various drugs. These numbers overwhelmed the established criminal justice system. The consideration of the proposed initiative will address these challenges and make it possible for the targeted individuals to transform their lives. Second, the government will be in a position to free up most of the available resources and systems. This achievement means that the relevant stakeholders will use such opportunities to address the needs recorded in other fields, such as healthcare, transportation, and homeland security (Gallagher, 2015). The decriminalization of such drugs will present additional o