ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Executive summary Waste materials produced in the workplace pose various challenges to both organisations and the environments in which the refuse is disposed. This paper presents a discussion of the intensity of the seriousness of these problems with reference to a case study of waste management in Jones Cafe 5 and the Ronler Acres Cafe 3 workplaces. The two workplaces are cafés owned by the Intel Corporation. They are located in Hillsboro in the State of Oregon, in the United States. Currently, the two dining facilities use pre-consumption waste management techniques, which involve measuring the pre-consumed waste in a bid to look for mechanisms of reducing the refuse. The facilities have been successful in this effort by reducing this type of garbage by 47 % between 2009 and 2010. This reduction translates to saving of $132,000 for every $1,000,000 worth of foods produced at the workplaces. This paper proposes a plan for increasing the savings by an additional $80,000 for every $ 1,000,000 worth of foods produced in the facilities through the adoption of post-consumption waste saving strategies such as recycling, minimisation of packaging, and conversion of refuse into inputs. These strategies are implementable within one year. However, the strategies will use the Intel Corporation’s financial resources for the future reduction of costs associated with refuse. Introduction The world population is rapidly growing, thus leading to the emergence of more urban centres. As urban centres become more populated, municipal solid waste (MSW), which is one of the critical by-products of lifestyles associated with urbanisation, also increases. According to the World Bank (2013, par. 1), ‘ten years ago there were 2.9 billion urban residents who generated about 0.64 kg of MSW per person per day (0.68 billion tons per year)’. While this population has currently grown, the waste production capacity per person has also grown. This growth is due to increased consumption of manufactured food products and other goods. The World Bank (2013, par. 2) estimates that the world urban population currently stands at ‘about 3 billion residents generating 1.2 kg per person per day (1.3 billion tons per year)’. It also estimates that by 2025, the population will grow to 4.3 billion people generating waste amounting to 1.42 kg per individual in a day, which amounts to 2.2 billion tons of solid waste annually. Waste management is an important issue facing various municipal councils across the globe. Gandy (1999, p.21) notes that waste management refers to ‘the collection, transportation, processing and/or disposal, managing, and monitoring of waste materials’. The word ‘waste’ covers all material emanating from people’s activities. The aim of waste management is to mitigate the effects of the waste on the environment and people’s health (Price 2001). Considering the estimates of the Word Bank (2013) as stated above, building of municipal waste landfills emanates from individual consumers
Introduction Soil erosion is a natural process through which water and wind caries soil slowly down the slope. Despite its steady nature, human activities can accelerate erosion, leading to massive changes in the landscape. When left unchecked, the above mechanism will result in substantial environmental harm. Consequently, this paper attempts to investigate how human activities can enhance the rate of soil erosion. Deforestation Deforestation refers to the indiscriminative act of cutting down trees without replacement. The activity destroys the plant’s roots in most situations, thereby exposing the topsoil to different erosion agents such as water and wind. Deforestation increases the area’s soil erosion rate over a comparatively prolonged period (Katra, 2020). Therefore, the action should be avoided further to minimize the chances of degradation in the land. Mining Activities such as mining contribute significantly to soil erosion which is experienced in most parts of the globe. The soil is likely to be exposed during the process, thus making them readily available to agents for the operation of erosion (Borrelli et al., 2017). Vast amounts of soil are typically pushed by individuals as they continue to mine. Most businesses also leave derelict land which is highly vulnerable to soil erosion long after the mining is complete. Agricultural Activities Different farming practices, such as monoculture, have a long-lasting effect on soil erosion. Monoculture allows the soil to lose its structure, thus making it more vulnerable to degradation (Karamage et al., 2016). On the other hand, a direct cause of environmental degradation is the inability to provide cover crops during plantations. Lastly, the absence of crop rotation lowers the nutrient retention rate and increases the depletion rate in the area. Conclusion Based on the parable of the sower and the seeds in Matthew 13: 1-23, it is clear that soil plays an important part in human growth. It is through the soil that people are capable of cultivating variety of plants and animals. Therefore, activities such as deforestation, logging, and various harmful agricultural practices destroy not only the soil but also human potential. Farmers should, therefore, try to understand these behaviors and avoid them to reduce soil erosion. The establishment of vital initiatives would minimize land degradation and encourage environmental protection as a whole.
EBOS Healthcare: Basic Information EBOS Healthcare was founded in Australia in 1922 and has been providing Australian and New Zealand healthcare organizations with the products that allowed improving the quality of healthcare services to a considerable degree (EBOS Healthcare para. 1). Starting as a B2B organization operating in the healthcare environment, EBOS has gradually grown to become “the largest diversified marketer, wholesaler, and distributor of healthcare” (EBOS Healthcare para. 3). Despite the recent increase in competition levels in the target market due to the enhancement of the globalization processes and the emergence of new market entries, the firm has been enjoying impressive popularity among New Zealand customers due to the high quality of the equipment and devices produced. At present, the organization should seek new means of improving its competitive advantage; particularly, a heavy emphasis must be placed on the rebranding process and the opportunities for product quality improvement (i.e., reduction of waste levels and percentage of defects per produced item). As a result, rapid economic growth in the context of the New Zealand market can be expected, with a consistent increase in the number of customers and their loyalty levels. EBOS’s Competitive Advantage The diversity of services and products offered by the organization can be viewed as its primary competitive advantage. Indeed, according to the official statement of the company, EBOS specializes in not only producing the goods that allow for a significant improvement of the quality of healthcare in Australia and New Zealand but also distributing them and, most importantly, conducting all-embracing research regarding the latest health issues (EBOS Healthcare para. 3). Indeed, the R&D Department of the firm has been exploring the most efficient methods of managing the needs of a diverse population for a significant amount of time. As a result, the quality of the products is extraordinarily high, and the premises for a consistent improvement are created (Pyzdek and Keller 57). The emphasis on innovation as the basis for not only conducting research but also communicating with the key stakeholders, designing and managing its supply chain, exploring the existing marketing options, etc., should also be considered as a crucial part of EBOS’s competitive advantage. It is remarkable that the company strives to meet the needs of all parties involved, including its customers, suppliers, shareholders, etc. EBOS versus Fisher and Paykel: Comparison Even though EBOS has advanced greatly in the designated area, one must admit that its main competitor, Fisher, and Paykel, also has a lot to offer to its target customers. Much like EBOS, Fisher and Paykel have been around for quite a while, which means that it has established a strong presence in the Australian and New Zealand markets. Consequently, designing the brand image that could help stand out and become
Advancement in technology has facilitated the growth of mobile and telecommunication industry. The sector is dominated by leading world producers who depend on their operational management decision to remain afloat in the competitive industry; some of international companies in the industry include Samsung, Nokia, Sony-Ericson, Apples, and Google Android-powered phones. Nokia has been a leader in the industry in innovation, sales, and market share, however the increased competition has triggered for strategic decisions to be made by the company. Decisions are the driving force in any organization. The quality of decision that managers make give their organization direction and focus. The growth and competitiveness of an organization is influenced by the quality as well as acceptability of decisions made by managers at all levels (Zi-Lin, Kwanghui and Pho-Kam, 2006). This paper analysis the strategic direction taken by Nokia Phone Company, will also undertake a strength and weakness analysis of the company. Brief history of the company Nokia is an international phone company, with its headquarters in Finland; according to the company’s website, the company currently enjoys a market share of about 37% and aims at increasing the market share to over 40% by the end of 2011. It has a strong brand all over the world, the companies positioning statement is “technology connecting people”. The company’s headquarters are located in Keilaniemi, Espoo. Currently it has a total number of employees over 123,000 distributed in various countries. It has it presence as a selling point of full branch in over 120 countries. In the year 2009, the company was able to make a profit of €1.2 billion this was over 10% than what it had recorded the previous year. The idea of the company was started in 1865 however; it became a telecommunication company in 1960’s (Nokia Official website, 2010). Nokia Vision, Mission, Purpose and value of its marketing materials Nokia is one international company that has a simple and straightforward mission statement as “Connecting People”. Its vision statement is “Our strategic intent is to build great mobile products” (Nokia Official website, 2010), this vision statement has more focus on the phone section of the company as the main business segment that the company has. The main purpose of the company is “Our job is to enable billions of people everywhere to get more of life’s opportunities through mobile” (Nokia Official website, 2010). To ensure that the company fulfils its vision, mission and purpose, it operates under marketing values and principles; they include inn
Introduction Structuralism is a way of thinking that involves the perception of everything as consisting of smaller entities that can further be divided into smaller basic forms. These entities are what control the thoughts of humans and their surroundings. Structuralism suggests that no activity is influenced by superficial components, as it may seem, but a deeper functioning of an internal system (Linnebo, 2008). Roland Barthes is among the greatest structuralists that have ever walked on the surface of the earth. This essay will discuss various factors that point to the fact that Roland Barthes was a structuralist. Reason Why Roland Barthes Was A Structuralist According to Carter (2005), Roland Barthes was one of the early pioneers of structuralism. Of the seventeen books, he wrote in his lifetime, more than half of them were based on structuralism. He also wrote articles in scholarly journals and scientific publications in a bid to make clear the concept of structuralism. His literary work was especially crucial at a time when a number of scientists misunderstood structuralism and strived to poke holes into the concept (Griffiths, 1996). Although Barthes had not contemplated anything of the sort, his efforts and the efforts of others led to the establishment of the structuralism movement in the 1950s and the 1960s. Influence Of Roland Barthes On Structuralism Barthes also stood for structuralism in scientific debates and discussions. He found structuralism as the most appropriate agent to formalize various fields such as literature. His book “Introduction to the Structural Analysis of Narratives” is a show of the capability of structuralism to revolutionize major subjects in life (Belsey, 2002). As a matter of fact, Barthes wrote all his books, majorly in psychology and anthropology, in a structural manner. Conclusion From the foregoing, it is evident that Roland Barthes was a staunch structuralist. His activities in the field of science and his literary works are concrete proof of this reality. His efforts to advocate for structuralism also led to the widespread acknowledgement of structuralism in the second half of the twentieth century. Reference List Belsey, C. (2002) Post-Structuralism: A Very Short Introduction . London, Oxford University Press. Carter, J. (2005) Individuation of Objects – a Problem for Structuralism? Synthese , 143 (3). 4. Griffiths, P. E. (1996) Darwinism, Process Structuralism, and Natural Kinds. Philosophy of Science , 63 (3). 9. Linnebo, Q. (2008) Structuralism and the Notion of Dependence. Philosophical Quarterly, 58 (230).59.
The contrast between the sensual artistic style of Rubens’s Abduction of the Daughters of Leucippus and strict religious ideology of that time raises the question of gender relations and social attitudes towards women in society. The gender symbolism is represented by the masculine figures of Castor and Pollux and feminine figures of Phoebe and Hilaeira. The women’s bodies are depicted as soft, fleshy, and voluptuous, which allows for assuming that these qualities were considered to be attractive and intrinsically feminine. In turn, the men’s bodies are depicted as muscular and darker skinned. The theme of men dominance burdens the central figures on the painting, and the female nude is an indication of patriarchal society, male power, and suppression. Irrespective of a woman’s class and marital status, she was helpless. Speaking of gender behavior, men were considered to have privilege over women’s bodies, whereas women were vulnerable, emotional, and relied on society to protect their virtue. Contrary to men, women were confined to the domestic setting and experienced social constraints, which is expressed by the female nude. The Swing by Fragonard depicts inequality between the old man who could be the husband and the carefree lady and her lover. Contrary to the old man who is busy pushing the lady, the other two parties seem to be happy. It can be assumed that women were considered to be playful and unfaithful. Men, in turn, were considered to be either ignorant husbands or desperate lovers. The frivolity of the picture is represented by the lover peeking inside the lady’s skirt. Unconcealed sexuality of the lady expressed by her shoe flying around poses a striking contrast to the refined manner in which women of that time had to behave. It can be said that though belonging to high-class society, the lady is portrayed as a thoughtless object of desire and admiration of the man of her class. The lover’s sexuality is depicted through his subtle and romantic features and a powdered wig.
Introduction Corporate governance is an essential phenomenon in the modern world because it has a direct connection to the sustainability of various firms and companies. In general, the given term stands for a set of rules and practices that are used to govern and control the performance of companies. If one wants to understand what this phenomenon is, it is reasonable to consider a hypothetical example. When a firm emerges, it is relatively small, and its founder fully owns it. However, as it grows, it becomes impossible for the owner to control everything in their business. In this case, it seems suitable to consider delegating some ownership rights to professional specialists. This fact results in the separation of ownership and control, which, in turn, creates corporate governance systems that consist of two distinct groups. The first of them includes shareholders or principals, while the second one comprises managers or agents. The two groups should cooperate to achieve the best outcomes, and Owolabi (2019, p. 2) supports this idea by stating that corporate governance is holding the balance “between individual and communal goals”. When it comes to such separation, one should emphasize the possible issues that can manifest themselves in several ways. Firstly, principals and agents can have different interests, which is the basis for conflicts between them. Secondly, an agent has a degree of autonomy, which denotes that they cannot consult with a principal before making every decision. This potential scenario means that specific governance procedures are necessary to solve the issues above. According to the information above, it is impossible to overestimate the significance of corporate governance for individual businesses, and multiple pieces of research prove it. Firstly, Hussain, Rigoni, and Orij (2018, p. 411) have analyzed reports of numerous US-based firms and identified that strict corporate governance has a positive impact on companies’ sustainability. Secondly, Owolabi (2019, p. 1) also mentions that the effectiveness of corporate governance depends on many phenomena, including control mechanisms, compliance with relevant regulations, reliability of financial reports, and others. The information above denotes that firms should invest in developing their governance structures and procedures. However, the data of publicly traded US firms have shown that more robust corporate governance significantly decreases companies’ innovation abilities and reduces job security (Markus and Swift, 2019, p. 91). It means that effective corporate governance should be moderate to both control business operations and provide managers with appropriate freedom of action. Since the phenomenon under consideration is complex, it is not a surprise that various approaches exist to explain relationships within it, and agency theory is traditional among them. Even though it is a popular theory, it has faced much criticism in recent decades. Thus, the main task of the given coursework is to explain
Introduction The transition from school to work can be a very challenging task for a person. In particular, it may be difficult for this individual to adjust to the new schedule or the requirements set by the employer. Furthermore, he/she may not be accustomed to working overtime. In many cases, these people should change their lifestyles. Overall, one can offer several recommendations that can help college and university graduates. Main body At first, they need to learn as much as possible about the requirements that are set for people who apply for a particular position (Sweeney, 2014). For instance, they should read detailed job descriptions that specify the duties and responsibilities of employees. Additionally, they can read various articles that describe the experiences of new hires as well as the common mistakes that these people tend to make. In this way, they can better anticipate potential problems. Additionally, they should pay more attention to their schedule and time management. For instance, they should ensure that they have good sleep; otherwise, their performance can be impaired considerably. Additionally, they need to set aside their activities on various social networks because they can prevent them from doing their workplace tasks. Furthermore, young people should be aware of such a problem as information overload. It occurs when people need to memorize a great number of details within a very short time (Buhler, 2002). For instance, new hires may learn about workplace procedures, electronic passwords, performance standards, documentation, and so forth. Therefore, they should write everything down, at least, during the first few days of their work. Additionally, some problems can occur when young people try to show that they can cope with every task without relying on the assistance of their co-workers. In this way, they want to highlight their self-sufficiency. Unfortunately, in some cases, they can make costly mistakes. Therefore, they should consult their managers or mentors. In this way, young employees can find more efficient solutions to the problems that they can face at the beginning of their career. Moreover, young people should become accustomed to teamwork that is one of the prerequisites for their success. Furthermore, college graduates should bear in mind that modern companies can be run by people who have different attitudes, values, and behavioral norms (Parry, 2014). In particular, they should not overlook the importance of generational differences. For example, older may not approve of the casual clothing style favored by young employees. Furthermore, they do not expect new hires to discuss the work on social networks. In fact, this behavior can sometimes violate the confidentiality rules adopted by companies. So college graduates should learn more about behavioral norms established in the organization. There is another risk that should not be overlooked. Employers can set very high-performance standards for new hires. So, they often need to work overtime. In some cases, they may not maintain regular contact with their friends or relatives. Nevertheless, young people should remember
The main idea of the job questionnaire is to understand the nature of a particular job and all features associated with it. For this reason, the section General Purpose placed at the start of the document is vital for the improved understanding of the position and the following description. It provides a short outline of the primary purpose of the job and why it is needed today. The next section is Essential Duties and Responsibilities, and it is extremely important for a better understanding of the character of the selected job. This part explains the scope of the chosen occupation, how often a specialist (administrative assistant) has to perform various duties, what indicators show that an individual succeeds in the selected field, and what are the consequences of an error if it occurs. This section is one of the most important ones as it explains how a specialist works and what major tasks he/she accomplishes. The part Peripheral Duties and Responsibilities is less important; however, it is also demanded to review the scope of the job and realize that every specialist has a list of secondary goals, which should also be given attention to ensure that different aspects and issues are provided with the demanded level of attention and are solved in time. The existence of peripheral duties also shows the level of multitasking. The Independence of Action session improves the understanding of the job and demonstrates the degree of responsibility peculiar to a particular position. For instance, administrative assistants are usually given general instructions, and they are free to organize their working day on their own. It introduces a high degree of independence, but it also means that they should possess good organizational skills to plan their activities effectively (Harris & Rottinghaus, 2017). The supervisory Duties and Responsibilities section improves the understanding of the scope of the job as it demonstrates that departments or specialists should be supervised by the given occupation. For the administrative assistant, the job does not presuppose supervisory functions. The Physical Demands part is critical for a better vision of the chosen job as it helps to understand whether a certain individual can perform various functions. The frequency of movements, walking, talking, or hearing might impact the complexity of the occupation, for this reason, this factor should be taken into account while analyzing it (Thorsen et al., 2017). It might also mean that additional physical training is needed to su