Middle East is a term that has been used to refer to a region that covers South Western Asia although currently it includes some countries like Pakistan, North Africa and Caucasus (Brown, 2004. It is important to note that the term is also used to mean Near East and to exclude the region known as Far East. It is a major center for various affairs in the whole world contributing greatly to its popularity. For instance, it is the center for some of the major religions in the world like Islam, Judaism, Baha’i faith and Christianity. Farming is a major economic activity and although some parts are arid, there are some rivers that are used for irrigation and thus why agriculture is practiced even in such areas. In addition, some regions especially in the Gulf area are rich sources of crude oil and contribute greatly to the economy seeing that oil is an important source of energy in the whole world. There are many issues regarding Middle East but the most striking issue is the conflicts like Palestine Israeli conflict which has been in existence for a long time (Schulze, 2008). Having started quite powerfully, the region has ended up being behind in many issues while compared to other regions in the world. Therefore, in that case, the main question is what went wrong? With that background in mind, this essay critically analyses the problem of Middle East in reference to the major conflicts and other problems that characterizes its history. The current status of most countries in the Middle East clearly illustrates that there is something wrong. To begin with, it is important to mention that most countries in Middle East were marked by Islamic civilization. Initially, the civilization was far much ahead compared to other human civilizations in the view of the fact that Islamic countries were very much developed in scientific and philosophical fields. However, currently, compared to other countries where Christianity is the main religion, countries in Middle East are marked by poverty and lack of development not to mention conflicts. As the studies of Lewis (2003) indicate, it is unlikely to find successful people hailing from Middle East countries like Pakistan. To confirm the statement, Lewis explains that it is long since a scientist from such countries won a Nobel Prize or even a great singer hailed from the region (2010). Worse still, there is poverty in such countries while the largest quantity of crude oil is produced in the region. Without emphasizing further, it is true that something went amiss. The only way to understand where the problem of Middle East lies is by studying the history of the major conflicts which have been in existence. The Palestine and Israeli conflict stands out among all the other conflicts mostly due to the fact that it has been inexistence for a long time. It is multifaceted as it is a result of many factors such as control of Jerusalem, border disputes, security, freedom of movement of Palestinians, water rights and settlement of Israel, to mention just a few. The problem worsened after the Oslo peace records collapsed in September 2002. There may have been many factors that may have led to the failure of Oslo, but most s