ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Demographic Analysis From the literature review, it is noted that the increase in juvenile delinquency has resulted to the rising cases of crimes and formation of gangs in various parts of the country. This is a threat to national security and economic development implying that intervention strategies have to be designed to deal with the menace. Demographic analysis entails the methods that are often employed in measuring the several aspects and dynamics of the population. These methods are specifically utilized in the analysis of human populations, but current researchers may use them in the study of other phenomena affecting humanity. In the review of the population dynamics discussed in the literature review section, this section of the paper will utilize administrative records in the development of independent estimate of the gangs existing in the country. An estimate of any demographic analysis is considered a consistent measure for reviewing the precision of the census data obtained at any given period. In this section of the paper, demographic analysis will be used to statistically to analyze the sizes of illegal groups or gangs in the country, their composition, as well as spatial distribution (Preston, Heuveline, & Guillot, 2000). Moreover, it is evident that t
Business Strategies Employed Jenkson Pharmacies Inc. is a new chain of stores and therefore it has to apply different strategies to establish its position in the market. The company emphasizes both non-prescription and prescription products to meet its profit margin. There are several strategies employed by the company including price strategy, promotion strategy, and managerial strategies among others. All these strategies are meant to increase the sales of the company in all the regional stores as a way of increasing the profit of the company. To start with, the company employs a managerial promotional strategy where the junior staff is promoted when the vacancy arises rather than employing managers from external sources. This strategy aims to develop the management skills of the junior staff as well as rewarding hard working employees in the company. Ms. Obrien is promoted to the position of a pharmacy department manager to take the position of the dismissed manager. This makes her more responsible as well as enabling her to develop her managerial skills. Every employee would like to be promoted because of the benefits that come with promotion. As Pergamit and Veum argue, the benefits of promotion include training receipt, increased wages, and supervisory responsibilities among others, which lead to more job satisfaction (1999, p.581). These benefits will motivate staff to work hard hence increasing the profitability of the company. For instance, in this case, Jackson pharmacies Inc. is planning to take Ms. Obrien to further training to improve her managerial skills. According to Devora and Brookshire, promotion is always associated with wage increase and therefore a good strategy for motivating employees in a company (2007, p.311). The promotion of internal staff to the position of the management will also enable the company to reduce hiring costs, as the company does not need to incur costs in recruiting new departmental managers. The management of the company is committed to overseeing the staffs’ performance evaluation to ensure all the staff is performing as expected. This strategy has led to the dismissal of the former manager of the pharmacy department due to poor performance in his department. The company is also using marketing as a strategy to increase its sales volume. As noted by Verhoef and Leeflang, marketing plays an important role in determining the performance of the company (2009, p.14). This argument is supported by Varadarajan who argues that marketing strategy is very crucial to the outcome of the company (2010, p.119). The products of the company are competitively priced as a way of attracting new customers to its products. A low price strategy is also followed by heavy advertising to convince potential customers to buy their products. Pricing is one of the marketing strategies applied by different companies to increase their market share. As Elmaghraby and Keskinocak point, “marketers in many industries use pricing as a strategy to compete with rival companies” (2003, p.1289. These strategies may include offering various kinds of discounts to th
“The Frontline Surgeons” is a book written by Clifford L. Graves and is an account of the experiences of the Third Auxiliary Group during the Second World War. It is about the chronological events of the Auxiliary Surgical Group that was operating during the Second World War. The book outlines the significant roles that this group played during the war as they moved from Normandy, Sicily, and Africa and into the battle of Bulge. The book outlines the roles, duties, and functions of different auxiliary surgical teams and various hospitals as they performed surgery across Belgium, Holland, Germany, and Normandy. The author, Clifford L. Graves, sheds light on the third auxiliary surgical group who got parachuted and did the first surgery on three beachheads. This is a mind-boggling book that describes the first surgery teams that, despite hard and adverse conditions that existed during the Second World War, managed to overcome all this and emerge successfully. They researched and introduced new concepts and useful information into the field of medicine thanks to the experiences gained in the war. Clifford in this book includes exhilarating, painful and breath-taking military campaigns of the Third Auxiliary Group as they took part in campaigns across many parts of the world and how they exhaustively demonstrated the full usefulness of the mobile surgical team in Sicily then united with the rest of the auxiliary groups in England. The author, Clifford, captures the real picture by including accounts of military campaigns across Africa to Europe and wittingly illustrates to the reader using maps and illustrations how the real situation during the war was like hence putting reality into the unfolding events. The author, Clifford, who was a historian with an assignment to prepare the annual reports, got an opportunity to meet with the surgeons, and in writing this book, he tries to relive the experiences of the surgeons during the Second World War. He tries to put into account all the activities of the surgeons, the challenges and achievements, and even highlight the specific roles of the members of the “Third Auxiliary” played during the Second World War. Clifford uses the real experiences that the auxiliary surgeons went through, for instance, when the third auxiliary team was in Africa. The author records that on the 16 th of February 1943, while in North Africa, in the little village of Fluoride, the third auxiliary experienced intense war between the Germans, Americans, and the British. He captures this by using imagery to illustrate the real scenario that was there. He writes that ‘the allies did not let
Introduction: Interviewee’s Background and History Mustafa Abdul is a 78-year-old resident of the UAE and a retired archivist and newspaper editor. After several decades of working in the field of media and communications, he is able to evaluate the changes that occurred to media with the advent of the new technology and define the positive and negative effects of these changes. Changes in the UAE Communication and Media According to Mustafa, the basic change that happened to media and communication concerns the speed with which information is transferred and processed. What used to take several hours, like the process of having a film developed, takes several minutes nowadays with digital cameras. What Seems to Have Improved: New Opportunities In the course of the interview, Abdul admitted that the introduction of new media into the culture of the UAE has resulted in more opportunities for communication between the UAE residents (Appendix A). According to Abdul, the “information landscape” has changed drastically. The fact that with the help of the new media, information can be conveyed not only in a much faster, but also in a much more efficient and convincing manner, should also be viewed as a positive change, as Mustafa explained. For instance, the interviewee claimed that new media tools, such as YouTube and Facebook, as well as other social networks (Al Jenabili, 2012), were soon recognized as a powerful tool in reaching out for not only the UAE citizens, but also major companies and organizations (Appendix B). Regarding the Downsides: Obstacles to Regular Communication Unfortunately, the introduction of new media also has its downsides, the primary one being the obstacles to the traditional communication. According to the results of the interview with Mustafa Abdul, an impressive shift towards the use of social media can be observed in the UAE, which leads to the deterioration of the live communication culture of the Emirati people (Healy, 2010). Another obvious change that occurred to the UAE communication and especially media concerns the content and its underlying message. While in the past, the significance of a particular idea was valued in media and communication, nowadays, the marketability of the idea is considered the priority (Appendix C). In Search for Solutions: What Can Be Upgraded The current informational evolution is rather natural, given the fact that the current society is defined as informational one. However, it is still necessary to reinforce traditional cultural values to make sure that the national identity of the UAE citizens is not going to be lost in the process of updating the sphere of media and communication (Al-Khazraj, 2009). Seeing how the traditional values have already been shifted towards marketability, as Mustafa claims, there are reasons to consider the reinforcement of traditional cultural values (Appendix D). Conclusion: Greater Changes Are Yet to Come To sum up the results of the interview, new media in the UAE is clearly changing the current cultural landscape.
Introduction There are several theories on leadership that seek to determine how leaders behave, and why they behave in such a manner. The situational theory of leadership and the Leader-Member Exchange theory of leadership are among the two main leadership philosophies that explain the situation in detail. While situational theory of leadership explains how managers act differently in varying situations, the Leader-Member Exchange theory explains how managers develop different relations with their subordinates. This paper seeks to discuss the aspect of leadership philosophy together with the relevant profile elaborately and summarise the aspects of the theory. Equally, the paper will provide an example of a personal leadership development plan that integrates key reasoning and constructs of the theories as postulated. Situational Leadership Approach Situational theory draws its basis from the belief that behaviour theory is inadequate for the world mainly due to the complicated nature of work and society. Specific behaviours remain only suitable in certain situational contexts. Situational leadership theory, also referred to as contingency theory, defines leadership on the basis of what leaders can do under different circumstances. The main reason why this happens is due to the fact that different forces exist, both internal and external, which affect reactions of leaders. Thus, in this context, it is impossible to define what leadership is without giving due consideration to specific situational contexts. According to the situational theory, the actions of a leader are influenced by the prevailing circumstances. Equally, behaviours also have to be associated with specific environmental situations. The environmental situation which determine the manner in which a leader or a manager behaves may include the size of the organization, the level of worker maturity within the company, as a well as a combination of critical contingencies which, together, influence choice of action or behaviour. In this regard, it is prudent to point out that situational factors remain finite and differ depending on several contingencies. A particular leader, for instance, will behave effectively in certain situations but not in others (Fairholm and Fairholm 11). Among the several situational theories that have been postulated include the Path-Goal theory whose main basis is the consideration of issues that motivate individuals. The motivation to behave in a particular way is related to the expectatio
Data normally is referred to facts and figures collected from the filed in order to provide some useful information about a certain theme. The methods of data collection vary from primary methods to secondary methods of data collection. Normally after a given data has been collected the findings are supposed to be recorded and concrete analysis is made to verify whether the findings or results are valid or not. The analysis of data can either be qualitative or quantitative. Quantitative data analysis mostly explains or supports the findings by the use of some figures. The figures can represent the number of people who are affected or who were used when the survey was conducted. On the other hand qualitative analysis basically uses the theory part of it but not theory as such the finding must be supported by some tangible evidence. The data that was collected during the December 2005 on Tackling work places bullying and harassment contain various information. The theme in this paper contains the various groups who were involved during the study. In the first place the group that was to take place in the study had to be in the employment sector. This means that one cannot fall a victim of bullying circumstance in a work place if he/she is not in the working team. The other requirement that was expected of the people who were to carry the research was whether they had some knowledge about the issue being researched. The team was expected to have some prior knowledge about what bullying is in the work place. Just like in statistics. Formulation of hypothesis should be done. This provides some answers that are to be proved during the research. The other information we are getting from the team that was to carry the survey or research was that the team was not suppose to be part of the current target of bullying or harassment. This basically means that the team should not have any prejudged answers since they would give a one sided answer during the study. This data I believe was to be used by various business organizations and even the government to improve the working condition in their places of work. A one sided answer means that the result and findings will also be one sided. The team that was to carry the survey was also to volunteer in carrying out the task. Nobody was to be forced to participate in the exercise. Therefore people were to volunteer and fully commit to their work In every society or organization people are comprised of different backgrounds. The team that was to lead in the coming up with the results were also expected to come from different departments that is people with different skills in different areas. For example the volunteers were to be selected from trade union members, Human Resource and other web contact lists. The most focus group wa
Approaches to marijuana legalization Many countries across the world have prohibited the use, farming, possession, manufacture and trade of marijuana and its derivatives. However, some countries do allow limited and controlled use of marijuana for medical purposes or a limited amount for personal use often in private places. In the context of medical use, marijuana has been used in relieving some conditions associated with cancer. Such conditions include nausea, anorexia, cachexia, pain and depression. While sixteen states in the United States have legalized medical marijuana use, there are still a lot of controversies surrounding its medical use. Such controversies arise from the safety concerns surrounding the medical use of marijuana. The question of legalizing marijuana refers to the legal use of marijuana both in private and public places for medical use or otherwise. However, there are no adequate justifications on the need to legalize marijuana use. The proponents of marijuana legalization often use three approaches to advance their arguments. One approach revolves around comparing and contrasting effects of marijuana use with other legal substances that are commonly abused. The other approach revolves around the notion of personal freedom of choice in a democratic space. The third and last approach revolves on the concept that marijuana has known medical benefits. On the other hand, the opponents of marijuana legalization have developed arguments to counter the three approaches used by its proponents. One approach involves showing the health complications caused by legal but commonly abused substances that marijuana use is often compared. The opponents of marijuana use advocate for the limitation of personal freedom of choice if such freedom leads to self-injury. The opponents of marijuana use have also argued that the medical benefits derived from marijuana use can be gained through alternative conventional drugs. Substance abuse Marijuana use is often compared to substance abuse such as alcohol and tobacco use. These two substances do cause serious health complications. For example, according to the center for disease control and prevention (CDCP), tobacco use is associated with several diseases such as coronary heart diseases and stroke a
Introduction Enterprise Architecture tool is a special way of understanding the various elements that collectively make up an enterprise and how these elements are interconnected. Having important and valuable aspects of the organization’s system, a firm can document assets, processes, and network infrastructure. Enterprise Architecture tool has a number of exceptional and unique advantages necessary for the organization of effective, high-quality, and productive work at Nofsinger Consulting. Benefits of Having a Tool Sifers-Grayson needs an Enterprise Architecture tool for the following reasons. First of all, this tool is a comprehensive, broad, and in-depth approach to solving several urgent and acute problems (Gong & Janssen, 2019). The method will allow the firm to solve a fairly wide range of complex tasks based on simpler solutions and actions. Moreover, this method is a great way to improve business consistency and facilitate the operation of special systems, especially IT processes (Kotusev & Kurnia, 2021). In addition, it perfectly copes with the integration of business processes, planning and developing solutions to problems at all stages, and likely forecasting changes (Gong & Janssen, 2019). Secondly, due to the tool, the company will “stay afloat” and be competitive (Moscoso-Zea et al., 2019). Senior officials will be able to easily both maintain existing norms, rules, and standards, as well as implement new initiatives in practice (Moscoso-Zea et al., 2019). Thus, Enterprise Architecture tool is a more flexible, sophisticated, maneuverable tool that supports existing workflows and likely innovations. The benefits that follow from a good enterprise architecture tool bring important business benefits visible in the net profit or loss of the company or organization. Conclusion In conclusion, the Enterprise Architecture tool is an invaluable instrument that will allow Sifers-Grayson to conduct its internal affairs at a higher, more efficient level. It will also help maintain high-quality standards for the implementation of their work. The tool optimizes many disparate existing processes within the enterprise in an integrated environment that responds to changes and supports the established business strategy. The architecture of the enterprise contributes to the realization of the need to ensure the competitiveness and development of several systems in response to the constantly changing needs of the business environment. In addition, this method will allow Sifers-Grayson to achieve the right balance between IT efficiency and business innovation.
When organizations launch their operations, they always aim at maximizing profits in the process of meeting their customers’ tastes and preferences. Markedly, the stakeholders have to ensure that the firm attains its strategic goals and objectives. In their objectives, organizations attempt to expand their services, recruit, and retain many competent employees, as well as comply with the stipulations of company regulations of ensuring that they submit tax returns to the tax office of the country in which they operate. The Etihad Airways has been playing significant roles in the business sector of the UAE and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. The crowded Gulf region airspace has experienced stiff competitions among key players like the Emirates Airline, Qatar Airways, Jazeera Airways, and the Etihad Airways. In expanding its services across the Gulf region, the company intended to assert its presence in the airline industry. With their excellent connectivity and several weekly flights across the region, the Etihad Airways has benefited directly or indirectly the economy of the UAE as well as the GCC region ( Etihad Airways Annual Report 2013 , 2014). The report seeks to expound on the contributions of the Etihad Airline to the growth and development of the UAE and the GCC. The United Arab Emirates airline is state-owned; Etihad Airline, which is based in Abu Dhabi began operating in 2003, and, markedly, by the end of 2012/2013 fiscal year, it had carried 11.5 million travellers. From its base in Abu Dhabi, the company flies to 111 traveller and freight destinations in the Americas, Europe, Middle East, Asia, and Africa ( Competition in the skies , 2014). Apart from owning a fleet of 105 airbus and Boeing Aircraft, the company has equity investments in Jet Airways, Virgin Australia, airberlin, and Air Serbia. According to the Etihad President and CEO, James Hogan, the company is also on the verge of enacting equity investments in Swiss-based Etihad Regional and Alitalia. With all these investments, the Abu Dhabi State-Owned airline boasts of having an employee base of over 20,000, as well as serving 111 announced or existing destination in 63 nations globally. In addition to the 11.5 million passengers, Etihad Airways recorded 486,752 tons and overall revenues of $6.1 billion at the end