ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
There are a number of issues that needs to be addressed in the workplace. There are issues that sometimes only the top management can handle, and there are issues that are managed by employees of the same ranks. But whatever kind of issue may arise, there is always one common denominator when it comes to solving it – and that is the fact that effective management of the people and good leadership style will never fail to manage whatever workplace issue there is. Indeed, the success of a company or of a business depends highly on the leaders and managers who run it – strong leadership, that is. Model leaders are oftentimes impacting the lives and future of everyone. Leadership is defined as a process where individual influences a certain number of people to reach the top level of success and to reach the common goal (Bolden 2004). On the other hand, management is a managerial process of forming a strategic vision, setting objectives, crafting a strategy and then implementing and executing the strategy. It focuses both from short term to long term perspective. Reh (2006)
Introduction   * Hallmark events are beneficial to different communities.   * Individuals find new opportunities, such as emerging ideas and skills.   * They also attract local and foreign tourists.   * Proper management is essential to support their success.   * The Peace & Love music event is a good example for studying hallmark events.   * This presentation discusses the issues surrounding this hallmark event. Governments and community leaders need to support hallmark events since they have the potential to deliver positive benefits. Specifically, they allow local citizens to seek entertainment and acquire new ideas for pursuing their goals. They also attract tourists, thereby adding value to the local economy. The issues and challenges surrounding the failure of the Peace & Love music festival forms the basis for learning more about the future of Hallmark events in Sweden and other regions. Purpose and Methodology   * The 2013 Peace and Love festival was intended to repeat a culture practiced for decades.   * However, organizers chose to cancel the festival.   * Bankruptcy emerged as the primary reason for such decision.   * The purpose of the study “Understanding a Hallmark Event failure: A Case Study of a Swedish Music Festival” was to identify and understand the factors that led to this festival failure.   * The researchers relied on data sources from event organizers and members of the public.   * Secondary data focusing on the industry was analyzed. The purpose of the selected study was to identify, describe, and discuss some of the gaps that led to the failure of the Peace & Love festival set for 2013. The scholars relied on a powerful methodology to get the required evidence (Nordvall & Heldt, 2017). They used responses from former event organizers, insights from industry trends, and social media comments. Findings   * The completed research study presented useful findings.   * The selected event was already in a vulnerable position.   * The country has witnessed the entry of a new competitor.   * The festival market was becoming uncertain.   * Some of the visitors were incapable of finding the best event.   * These forces led to its eventual demise. The completed study revealed that several factors were responsible for the outcomes of this event. Specifically, the organization had already found itself in a vulnerable position due to the changing market dynamics. The industry had also witnessed the entry of a new competitor and provider of similar entertainment opportunities. Most of the visitors were facing different challenges while t
Current Problem Agricultural practices that entail keeping of pigs, horses, poultry, and horses predispose people to respiratory diseases such as asthma due to the plethora of particles and gases they produce. These particles, inorganic and organic particles, comprise allergens, irritants, and toxins, which are responsible for respiratory diseases. Inorganic particles emanate from minerals in the equine stable environment. Organic particles are the most dominant particles because they emanate from manure, fur, fungi, bacteria, and other microbes that are present in the equine stable environment. Daily, a considerable number of people in Sweden interact with horses in an equine stable environment, where they expose themselves to organic dust, microbes, and microbial products such as endotoxins and β-glycan. According to Walinder et al., stables contain 1-3-β-glycan and endotoxins, which are organic particles that inflame the respiratory system, cause asthma, and reduce pulmonary functions (265). Specifically, poorly ventilated stables have increased levels of organic and inorganic particles, hence, posing great risks to humans and horses. In this view, an equine stable environment has harmful organic particles, which predispose people to respiratory diseases such as asthma. Given that the equine industry is huge, it implies that a significant number of people are at risk of developing respiratory diseases owing to their exposure to organic and inorganic particles in an equine stable environment. Ventilation of stables is essential to improve the living conditions of horses and protect them from microbial infections. In the stables, microbial contamination is a major challenge because fungi, bacteria, viruses, and their respective toxins cause respiratory diseases among horses. Essentially, microbial contamination of air induces allergy, causes pulmonary inflammation, and initiates infections. Witkowska et al. state that horses in poorly ventilated stables develop a recurrent airway obstruction, which is a respiratory disease that emanates from microbial contamination (1060). In this view, poor ventilation of an equine stable environment causes microbes to accumulate and cause recurrent airway obstruction. Caretakers and fans of horses are at risk of microbial infections because they spend a great deal of their time in an equine stable environment. Witkowska et al. confirm that microbial contamination causes bronchial obstruction among humans who have exposed themselves to an equine stable environment (1061). Profoundly, the degree of microbial contamination is subject to the age of horses, population density, ventilation system, and microclimatic conditions. Therefore, microbial contamination is a major issue that the husbandry of horses faces because it predisposes both humans and horses to diseases. Possible Solutions Improving ventilation of stables is an effective intervention because it p
Introduction Education of young children plays an important role in family wellbeing and social development. It is not enough to provide some opportunities for students but to make sure they are engaged in a learning process and contribute to their cultural and personal growth. Many pedagogic approaches are applied in classrooms, but the same theoretical framework, cognitive development, to be followed. There are two explanations of this process: development usually precedes learning (Piaget) and learning should always go before development (Vygotsky) (Crain, 2014). In this investigative report, I plan to analyse my learning experiences and lesson observations, define and explain the key insights of student learning and focus on the impact of diversity in a classroom through the prism of Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s theories. Setting Overview To improve my understanding of student learning, I was placed in a special setting and participated in several classroom activities. It was a local long day care centre for young children. Although it was small and old, its history had a positive impact on the staff and their approaches. The teachers tried to do their best to provide their students with the necessary knowledge and experience. However, such shortages as limited resources, an unhygienic environment, and disrespectful behaviour management cannot be ignored. There were situations when teachers chose between what they wanted to do and what they actually had. As a result, instead of focusing on the latest technological achievements, true needs of students, and recent academic achievements in early childhood education, teachers had to recycle materials to give students enough space and opportunities to play and learn. Experience Summary My practice lasted 15 days, and this time was enough to observe how young children are introduced to a new topic and develop their abilities according to the instructions and recommendations given by their teachers. The major theme for these two weeks was transportation, and students were involved in a number of activities. I witnessed how the teacher explained different kinds of transportation and their major distinctive features. Students built trucks with the help of cardboard, which developed their cognitive, observational, and analytical skills. One of the strongest aspects of my experience was an opportunity to observe how a teacher combined play with education when children counted transportation means and types, thus contributing to the development of their mathematical knowledge. Students were asked to build special tracks for a train, which allowed promoting their collaboration, evaluation, and assessmen
Introduction Over the past decades, the use of audios and videos as evidence to solving a crime has increased exponentially. Audio and video evidence are used to provide a real-time account of a crime to an investigator to hear or watch was transpired at crime scenes (Maher, 2018). For instance, CCTVs can capture crime in progress and undercover an operation. In any examination procedure, evidence is carefully examined to ensure that it represents the crime scene accurately. For most crimes whereby high-quality audio or video is not available, forensic investigators can enhance the recordings to get finer details of what has occurred using enhancement software programs. Video Enhancement Techniques Video enhancement is the process of clarifying images, including CCTV systems, dashcam videos, and mobile phone recordings. Video enhancement includes file authentication, resolution and clarity improvement, image origin analysis, and videogrammetry. Techniques of enhancing a video include sharpening, video stabilization, masking, interlacing, and demultiplexing (Rani & Samson, 2019). Sharpening makes the edges of the images clear and distinct. Video stabilization reduces movement and produces a smooth playback. Masking is used to cover areas that protect the victim or witness for anonymity. Interlacing, on the other hand, is combining two television fields to produce a full-frame video. Demultiplexing technique allows for the separation of cameras to retrieve information. Is This Realistic? Can Something Far Away Be Zoomed in And Read? In any forensic analysis, video or image analysis is vital. A video or image can be manipulated through synthetic zooming using varying scale factors. Magnifying the footage or image enhances it and displays a result with a higher resolution. However, zooming into an image can damage the quality of the pixels. An image contains small boxes of color that together for the picture referred to as pixels (Rani & Samson, 2019). When an image is zoomed in, the pixels are expanded, and thus the quality of the image is compromised. Can Audio Become Crystal Clear? Audio enhancement improves speech intelligibility and the audibility of low-level sounds. Audio can be enhanced to become clear by removing unwanted hums and static noise using noise reduction software. Audio forensic experts can sometimes apply several filters to get the desired outcome. Audio recording faces the limitation of interfering sounds, noise, and distortion, challenging
Introduction Multicultural communication is critical for an atmosphere involving people from different cultures. It focuses on the characteristics of communication across different cultures (American Management Association, 2005). In a university situation with a mix of people from different cultures, methods should be devised to ensure efficient communication is attained. Campuses with both international staff and students should put the following to practice to achieve acceptable interaction at any one time. University Obligations The University as a body should support multicultural communication by implementing methods that will help achieve effective interactions between the staff and students from different cultures. Such methods include: Creating an International Services Office (ISO) The creation of an International Services Office (ISO) will ensure that all international staff and students are served in the most convenient manner (The George Washington University). The ISO will help in solving their concerns by giving advice on; personal issues, finances, academics and living conditions in the new environment. Here, necessary information regarding studying, living and working in Ireland should be given through orientation programs. Creating a Multicultural Student Services Center (MSSC) A Multicultural Student Services Center (MSSC) will assist in multicultural communication, and community building in the following ways:   * It will create a university atmosphere that accepts all cultural, ethnic and intellectual diversity.   * Uphold good character, academics, social and professional growth.   * It will also encourage increased participation of students from all cultural backgrounds. Lecture-room Situation In a classroom situation, the lecturer should try and use multi-cultural techniques to pass on critical information or questions as explained below. Developing Questions When framing certain questions, the lecturer should use ways that are friendly and understandable across all cultures. For example, answering a question may differ across cultures. A question like “Isn’t the book there?” may receive different answers to mean the same thing to different people. English speakers would reply negatively by saying “No, the book is not there.” On the contrary, the Chinese would answer “Yes, the book is not there.” Both answers have the same meaning, but with different replies, something that should be noted to avoid minor misu
Mental Integration: Head and Heart and Emergent Church The role of the Western church decreased in the last decades, which is caused by the low interest of people and socio-cultural shifts. Consumerism and scientific discoveries may be noted among the key issues that affected society. The emergent church and Christianity appeared as a result of the mentioned shifts. Therefore, it is critical to comprehend the core of the changes so that ministers may adjust their work accordingly. Mental Integration: Head and Heart The question of the head and the heart unity remains critical concerning Christianity and the role of the 21st-century church. In his review of Wesley’s work, Clapper (2014) discusses the notion of affections caused by the spiritual senses that allow a person to understand the word of God and follow Christian postulates. The incontrovertible connection between the heart and the head may be found in the Bible: “through the hardness of their hearts – Callous and senseless. And where there is no sense, there can be no life” (Ephesians 4:18, NIV). The author also points to another excerpt that shows that without senses, life cannot be full (Mark 6:52, NIV). One can understand the affections of the heart only through the experimental way. For example, Clapper (2014) provides such examples as “hearing ye will hear, but in no wise understand” (Matthew 13:14, NIV) and focuses on the simile between a lack of spiritual senses and the closed eyes (Philippians 1:9–10, NIV). Personally, it seems that the argument of Clapper (2014) is rational as the heart and the head in religion cannot be separated. In case a person uses only his or her mind to practice Christianity, the heart remains cold and irresponsive, which is not correct. Since the spiritual senses and affections possess their cognitive component, it means that both the head and the heart are already integrated, and there is no need for a distinct stage for their connection (Shepherd, 2016). This topic is relevant to the modern church as people need to be taught that they should open their hearts towards religion and its benefits. It is sometimes rather important to use one’s heart to understand love, friendship, divine peace, and other issues, which can be achieved through the ministry. Emergent Church: Quite Spiritual but not Religious Nowadays, people tend to behave differently driven by the changing social and cultural values. In her book, Tickle (2012) examines the emergent Christianity, claiming that it responds to these modern shifts by adjusting discipleship and evangelistic methods. The utilization of min
Introduction It is known from common law and UCC that even oral contracts can be enforceable if certain conditions apply. The Statute of Frauds, which originated in Great Britain in the 17th century, requires that some agreements must be in written form to be binding (Knapp, Crystal, & Prince, 2019). Main Objectives There are six categories of contracts that must be reduced to a written form to be deemed enforceable (Knapp, Crystal, & Prince, 2019). These categories are the sale of an interest in land, purchase of goods that cost 500 dollars or more, suretyship, marriage, services that cannot be performed within one year, and an agreement that estate debts will be paid by estate executor (Knapp, Crystal, & Prince, 2019). If a contract involves one of the mentioned items, it is considered to be within the Statute. Because the categories include items that relate to both the sale of goods and real estate, the Statute of Frauds can be applied both to common law and the UCC. There is no specific format the writing should be in to be acceptable. However, it is critical that the paper contains the main terms of the contract and information on who the parties are. Also, the parties must sign the contract – if any of the contracting parties does not sign the paper, they will not be held liable (Knapp, Crystal, & Prince, 2019). From the brief summary of Stan’s case, it is not clear whether the paper was explicitly signed by both of the parties. The word “Accepted” indicates that the parties agreed on the terms, but the contract must be signed to be enforceable. It is clear, however, that the contract involves the sale of both the cabin and the land – the written terms explicitly indicate this fact. Also, there is evidence that the down payment was made, which makes the contract enforceable – offeree induced performance, and the offeror accepted it. In this context, the move-in date is not as relevant as the fact that the land was sold to a third-party. This action of the offeror severely violates the contract’s terms. Regarding the evidence that can be used in court, the parol evidence rule dictates that, upon reducing the agreement to a final written form, no supplementary oral agreements that were made prior to forming the written contract can be used as evidence (Knapp, Crystal, & Prince, 2019). The written contract in the hands of Stan explicitly indicates that 72000 was the cost of the land, including the cabin. Stan may not be able to use previous emails and oral discussions as evidence. The same applies to Peter – even if there were a verbal agreement that 72000 was only the cost of the cabin, it
Medical errors are increasing in hospitals and normally considered as a result of human fault. Poor interface design which is because of poor human factor engineering (HFE) is the main factor which causes medical errors. Lack of usability testing of medical instruments is another factor which results in medical mistakes. Poor human factor engineering arises problems, such as poorly designed indicator lights inside ambulances and siren speakers on ambulances. Most indicator lights in ambulances are not properly designed to maintain a proper operation process during the day and night and may cause unnecessary considerations affecting driver’s visibility. On the other hand, siren speakers may produce a lot of noise which will interfere emergency workers inside the ambulance to perform their work, and this may cause errors (Carl, Aaron & Elefterios, 2011) Poor HFE leads to designing of machines which do not alert the user in time when they are in various modes. In addition, similar button, which controls systems on medical instruments, may confuse users, and this may result in medical errors. Gadgets like infusion pumps used in hospitals to automate drip rates are prone to make mistake. Drip chambers and IV tubing for preparation of medication may be reused leading to overdose of patients. On the other hand, lack of usability testing may cause difficulties during operation of various machines causing errors (Fairbanks & Caplan, 2004). The following interventions may be employed to reduce medical errors. First, indicator lights in ambulances should be properly designed for various environments. Secondly, sound produced by siren speakers on ambulance should not interfere with communication of emergency works. Similar control buttons should be placed on machines to avoid confusion. Control buttons should be grouped in terms of usage frequency and relatedness. Labelling control buttons and varying their sizes can eliminate confusion and consequently reduce occurrence of medical errors. Medical equipments should be designed to effectively alert the user in time when they are in various modes. They should have a standard operating procedure attached to them and users should be trained on how to use new medical equipments. Equipping machines with audible alerts is very essential and eliminates the chances of using a machine in wrong mode. New and standardized machines should be used as they reduce the chances of medical practitioners from making errors during their practice (Kaye & Crowley, 2000). On the other hand, IV tubing and drip chambers which are considered human machine interfaces used in the preparation of medications are common sources of errors and should be color coded to indicate their current states of use. In a nutshell, human factor engineers should be incorporated during the process of designing medical equipments and machines to ensure that user friendly, safe and efficient machines are available in th