ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The acts of different individuals or governments can have far-reaching outcomes or impacts on a wide range of areas, such as health, politics, and culture. Such an outcome resonates with the concept of the law of unintended consequences. This essay describes how Martin Luther’s heroic actions resulted in the formation of many religions and churches. Martin Luther’s Actions and the Law of Unintended Consequences Martin Luther’s ideas had numerous implications for different aspects of Western culture and religious practices. He did so by encouraging human beings to start thinking outside the box and pursuing the concept of individualism (“From the Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius Loyola”). He presented a new opportunity for the people to start pursuing their liberties. Several Christian churches emerged after Martin Luther’s actions. Some of the leading ones included Lutheranism in the wider European region and the Anglican Church in England. In Switzerland, Presbyterianism became the new Christian ideology of people. Other notable religions included the Evangelical Revival, Methodism, Anglican, and the Church of England (Zhophy 139). Several ideas continue to connect these religions. For instance, followers believe in God and use the Holy Bible as the primary religious text. They follow God’s 10 commandments and consider Jesus Christ’s teachings. The unique difference is that each group has its way of conducting the Holy Communion. Some churches worship on Saturday while others on Sunday. Specific groups have unique devotions and rituals that are identified as the best ways of being religious. Moral codes will also differ significantly from one church to another. Conclusion The above discussion has described how Martin Luther’s act changed the world. His opposition to the Catholic Church triggered numerous notions that continue to guide human beings today. Most of the above religious groups are attributable to this hero’s decision. Works Cited “ From the Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius Loyola ”. Source Books. Web. Zhophy, Jonathan W. A Short History of Renaissance and Reformation Europe . 4th ed. , Pearson, 2008.
Each neuron receives an impulse, which it has to pass on to the next, ensuring that the sequence does not break (BBC, 2014). Dendrites get an impulse through a chemical sequence; this impulse is then transmitted through the axon to reach the next neuron. CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord; PNS is composed of the somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system. The difference in function between CNS and PNS is that CNS deals with involuntary information while PNS deals with the voluntary one. Based on the symptoms, the patient’s most probable diagnosis is narcolepsy. Hypothalamus is the part of the brain that is affected by the condition; with the lack of hypocretins deteriorating alertness and preventing rapid eye movement sleep from occurring at the right time. The EEG for the condition will likely show lower alpha power, higher theta and delta power during wakefulness, and higher alpha and beta power during REM sleep (Sasai-Sakuma & Inoue, 2015). For treating and managing the symptoms of narcolepsy, chemical treatment may include Ritalin (alertness improvement), Provigil (reduction of excessive daytime sleepiness), antidepressants (e.g. Prozac for reducing the incidence of cataplexy), and Xyrem (for narcolepsy treatment if the previously mentioned medications fail) (“Sleep disorders: Treatments for narcolepsy,” 2015). Regarding physical treatment, the patient is advised to take short scheduled naps, sleep at least 7.5 hours at night, do exercises, avoid driving and operating heavy machinery, wearing protective equipment when in water (Nallu, 2017). Also, the patient should get emotional support and career counseling to avoid the adverse effects of the condition on daily activities. It is also beneficial to assist the patient with documentation regarding disability inquiries and insurance.
Brief Company Description Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited is a multinational corporation providing financial and risk advisory services as well as management consulting, audit, tax, and legal support for various business ventures. The headquarters of the company is located in London, UK, with numerous offices around the world (Omondi, 2019). The main objective of Deloitte is to “make an impact that matters” and help their clients and personnel excel (“About Deloitte,” 2021, para. 1). As a company working within the financial services industry, Deloitte offers audit and assurance and consulting services to public and private companies. The company provides services to over 90% of businesses on the Fortune 500 list and thousands of other private organizations (“About Deloitte,” 2021). In addition, it currently employs over 345,000 specialists in management consulting, financial services, and legal aid (“About Deloitte,” 2021). Thus, Deloitte is one of the largest professional services companies in the world. Governance Model The Deloitte Global Board of Directors is an example of a governing board. The governing board model incorporates the supervisory and management functions of the board of directors (“Governance model in the world,” 2021). In addition, such models make provisions for t
Insel, Paul, and Walton Roth. Core concepts in Health, Brief . 12 ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. Print. This book by Paul Insel and Walton Roth is one of the best health textbooks around. It mainly focuses on the theme of personal responsibility (Insel and Roth 23). This is meant to motivate and educate students about health issues and wellness. This edition of the book has been equipped with the current information on health topics. There is the use of scientific research in order to ensure that the information is scientifically proven. Therefore, the information in the book may be said to be very accurate. The accuracy of the information is also ensured because of their educational backgrounds. They are both professors at different institutions and have a long experience in the field of medicine. This book is useful for every student who is concerned about his or her health and wellness. Cottrell, Russell, James Girvan, and James McKenzie. Principles and foundations of health promotion and education. 3 rd ed. CA: Pearson Benjamin Cummings, 2009. Print. This book provides an introduction to the health education. It provides its readers with su
Case summary and current issues Cooks and Kitchens Unlimited (Ltd), is a family business established by Alfred Montague in 1960s. After his retirement, his son and daughter are looking after the business. The company offers quality products in the market for cheaper rates with a view to attract and retain the customers by providing high value for lesser price. They offer both kitchen and catering services to boost wholesale business. The company also produces its own kitchen and associated equipment and, in some cases import is also done from overseas including UK. There are five departments within the company. Current issues in the case   * The financial results show a decreasing trend in the retail sales, retail gross profit, wholesale sales and wholesale gross profit, and from 4 million in 1997 it has dropped to 3.2 million in 1999.   * The company decides to expand its business, mainly to open 20 retail outlets in order to increase the sales volume and to improve profits as the overall business objective.   * The company does not have any loan, but its main source of funding envisages on overdraft of about £200,000.   * The company spends large amounts on advertising and offers discounting for sales promotion. The ad is given only in the print media like local papers and retail magazines highlighting the special offers and products in a less attractive platform of black and white.   * Even though the retail shops had initial success, today their upkeep has become expensive. Cutting the staff and wage levels have helped to a certain extent in reducing overheads. The company also decides to accept switch and delta cards from the customers who opened accounts with them.   * The company holds a high level of stock. Recommendations From the analysis of current situation of the ‘Cooks and Kitchens Unlimited (Ltd.), the following recommendations can be considered for improving its performance. The sales figures show a decreasing trend and gross profit of the both wholesale and retail business have slumped. For improving this, the company should make some changes in the advertisement system being followed by them. This policy should focus on reducing costs while achieving higher customer attraction. Mouth to mouth advertisement of the existing satisfied customers is the best and most effective method. Therefore, the company must make sure that all the customers are satisfied by way of improving the quality of its products and services. This can enhance their reputation thereby increasing the sales and profit. Another recommendation is that, the company can put a restriction on the importing of goods from other countries and instead they have to manufacture using own manufacturing facility or by setting up additional facility. The different divisions of the company like depot and warehousing, retail shops, manufacturing, kitchen and hospitality design, finance and sales and marketing are to be linked to each other so that the staffs of each division can interact with each other. In addition, the two joint managing directors need to take all necessary steps to improve the company’s business. Learning application The case study o
Introduction Stimulus learning involves a comparatively form of changed behaviours or a form of repertoire that occurs due to continual practice or experience. It is not easy to discern between the acquired knowledge and skills stored in the mind, but transformation of behaviour is used to show the objective changes that occur during learning. Learning therefore has to illustrate acquisition of new skills or knowledge gain. Learning presents a comparatively permanent form of behavioural adjustments that enables one to eliminate exhaustions, and builds a form of enthusiasm towards habitual, which is a simple form of learning or a complex habitual form of knowledge acquisition. Concept of Habituation Some forms of stimuli also promote learning because of ability to manipulate behaviour. One of the simplest form of learning is habituation, where there is a tendency to cultivate a behaviour due to influence by a stimulus. A good example of habituation is the ability to familiarize with a given situation for instance, if a person transfers to a new location next to a rail way station, where frequent noises or rapid locomotive movements detain the mind. The noise and movements motivates habits and moulds a constant habit in the mind such that the noise is not a nuisance with time. During the first few days, the mind becomes unfocused but eventually the mind becomes accustomed to the situation and the orienting responses fade off. Human surrounding is full of noise and destructions such that focusing the mind to these destructive aspects causes dissipation of any of the illogical measures since one would need to focus attention to each of these stimuli. The theory of habituation allows human beings to pay little or no attention to repetitive nuisance (Reason, 2010). Factors affecting perceptual learning Perceptual learning is one’s ability to gain knowledge of something and be aware of previous stimuli that have ever caused an effect. In this case, the primary purpose of this form of learning is to establish the ability to recognize, identify and categorize various circumstances or entities that were concern with the stimulus. According to Reason, capacity to recognize the stimuli depends on the changes that occur in the sensory and nervous system of a human being (2010). Perceptual learning is therefore the ability to recognize occurrences and not trying to find out the actions to take when there are stimuli within a situation. The simple perceptual learning is the ability to recognize some stimuli that occur in certain regions of visual sensory systems such as the cortex. Perceptual form of learning therefore allows learners to cater for several well-identified aspects of learning, learning styles and theories that synthesize essential characteristics toward a different form of learning that has a basis on behaviors and different actions perceivable from the classroom point of
The representation of women in the novel serves as a significant contribution to the description of social context, in which Juan and Marcela tried to live their way through humiliation and struggle. Indeed, the novel itself presents women through the prism of hearthside and sanity among alien and surreal existence. For example, when forced to go to the mita, Marcela does not reflect on her future, as she is rather preoccupied with her husband’s well-being once he is left on his own. Thus, it may be noticed throughout the novel that men tend to categorize women as mysterious creatures they should mate rather than solid and independent, and mentally strong human beings. Another good example is one of the novel’s characters, Don Gaspar, refers to women as witches, implying that “the best of it is that we men, all of us, let ourselves be bewitched by them, eyes and ears” (Matto de Turner, 1904, p. 168). Thus, instead of being bewildered by women’s minds, he appeals to the man’s feminine beauty and attribution. However, despite the presence of such women’s categorization, the novel obtains a feminist side narrated by the story of Marcela. When seeking help from Lucia Marin, a woman who may not fully realize the scopes of her experience, Marcela symbolizes the women’s community’s strength in pursuit of respect and recognition. Another example of solidarity manifestation is Lucia’s decision to raise Marcela’s children after the fatal injury. The identification of gender roles, where women are responsible for emotional support and men are trying to do their best in terms of provision, serves as a vivid representation of the survival of the indigenous. Reference Matto de Turner, C. (1904). Birds without a nest: A story of Indian life and priestly oppression in Peru . Transl. by J. G. H. Charles J. Thynne.
Tradition plays a crucial role in the current world of high fashion, and the time-honored designers and styles will always remain popular, as they actually dictate all global trends associated with appearance and outfit. Giorgio Armani, one of the most conservative designers belongs to the narrow aristocratic circle of the fashion industry given his adherence to the eternal classics of black and white as well as other natural colors. The present paper addresses Armani’s development as a style creator as well as his recent works and ideas. Giorgio Armani was born in 1934 in the city of Piacenza, Italy, and spent his child obsessed by a dream of becoming a physician. Later, however, he developed a keen interest in photography and thus gave up his medical university following the new dream. However, in 1957, the young man was compelled to join the military service as a medical assistant (Combray, 2001, p. 19). Upon release, he moved to Milan, where quote “he gained experience as a window dresser and in the style office. And he got to know fashion buyers. From there he moved on to an experimental in-store boutique, where he tested new clothes for the store. Eventually he became acquainted with Nino Cerruti, who was looking for assistance in creating new menswear” unquote (Combray, 2001, p. 25). As a result, Armani dedicated eight years to the work for Cerruti’s reputation, but suddenly met Sergio Galeotti, an architect who convinced the designer to establish a new fashion business. The enterprise was born in 1974 (White, 2000, p. 55) and first focused on the generation of new ideas for men, predominantly middle-age top managers. However, this marketing segment had already been occupied by other Italian designers such as Valentino, Zegna and Erreuno, so the collections were at first relatively unpopular (White, 2000, p. 55). However, by the beginning of the 1980s, Armani and Galeotti invented a new concept of “office look”, which implied a more relaxed style of perfectly tailored jackets. As Combray writes, quote “his sartorial style exhibited a decidedly relaxed, even rumpled look. The designer softened these new jackets by pulling out the padding and lining and leaving out stiffeners of any kind. He combined thinner lapels with baggier pockets and longer jackets” unquote (Combrey, 2001, p. 38). In 1980, he acquired fame in Europe and America by creating Richard Gere’s image in the film entitled “American Gigolo” (image #1). As one can assume, Armani’s style is unstructured, given the straight lines on the trousers and the baggy and long jacket (blazer) made of soft wool. Furthermore, the widened lapel and extended shoulders, known as Armani’s signature trends, are intended to underline masculinity and independence (Celant and Coda, 2006, p. 118). The same referred to females, as the domination of the unsex style inspired Armani to cover female body with narrow skirts and loose jackets
Introduction With the current trends in globalization and trade liberalization, organizations can nowadays afford practically every asset that is needed for optimal production. Due to this fact, employees have remained the most valuable assets that an organization can use in order to build a comparative advantage over rival firms in which ever sector the organization invests in. People or employees in an organization are usually associated with the skills they possess; the only asset rivals cannot copy. As a result this has made the human resource management and their practices to be accepted as one of the major strategic levers to ensure that there is continued success within organizations (Smith, 2006). Training of company employees has received much accreditation from the management by designing training programs that seek to address the specifics of the organization, which then helps in ensuring that the services or the output is received in a way that the company reaps the maximum benefits. In designing these programs, the human resource department works very hard by assessing the needs for the training where the training is all that necessary or not. Training Needs Analysis In order to assess the training needs, the Human Resource (HR) department can decide to conduct an organizational analysis. It is preferred by many organizations since it takes into consideration the organization’s traditions, strategies and the general environment and how the training is likely to improve the business situation. The human resource can also perform the job or task analysis where training is usually done depending on the needs of that job. In order to improve the
Introduction The following case represents a case for the reasons why men are regarded superior or otherwise better than women. Men have been regarded as better than women in ancient times. Men are regarded as superior to women due to the following reasons; women are usually dictated by their emotions, they tends to be irrational, they are inferior with regards to biological aspect, they undergoes through menstrual cycles making them to act the same way as animals, and also they are physically weaker as compared to males. Reasons as to why men are superior Men are not dictated by their emotions as compared to women. Usually, men are guided by honor, reality as well as sense which are not the case in women. Women on the other hand acts in accordance with their feelings. This explains the reason as to why females tends to be socialists whereas men tends to be capitalists. Socialism is usually associated with non-productivity whereas capitalism enables individual achievement. Men usually stick to their words unlike women who are usually true as far as their feelings are concerned. Women by virtual of being true with regards to their feelings causes troubles in the society e.g. they votes for those people who are socialists and who counters productivity. Women cannot be trusted with power as they tend to misuse it as a result of their feelings. Women are also known to ruin the social relationships as a result of their feelings. As a result of their feelings, women are mostly affected depressions as well as anxiety as compared to men. Women usually express their feelings even when they are having a conversation whereas men focus on their words. Also, women’s blood flow rises to the brains’ language as well as emotional center once they are hurt whereas the males blood flow only rises to the interpretive area once they are angered .This means that the brains of men and women are different due to the fact that men’s emotional centre is not affected as that of the women. This thus makes women to be inferior as compared to men because their brains are stronger than that of women (Kolb 87). The other reason that makes men to be superior to women is the fact that men are naturally rational. Women are usually intellectually deficient in the sense that they are not able to reason well. A woman usually allows themselves to be diverted from accomplishing their objectives by the emotions a
The patient is a 75-year-old male widower and lives alone. The patient has chronic Lung Adenocarcinoma of the left lung with metastasis to the brain, spleen, and liver. Mr. Jones has a medical history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, atrial complication, hypertension, and a tobacco smoker for the past 55 years. According to Alberg, Brock, and Samet (2005), patient history complications have a likelihood of contributing to chronic Lung Adenocarcinoma. Spira and Ettinger The article by Spira and Ettinger (2004) gives the best evidence for the intervention strategies to the patient. Mr. Jones has A&Ox3 alertness and orientation. The diagnostic intervention helps to determine the mental status of the patient, whereby A&Ox3 means the patient can identify a person, place, and time (Shah & Kelly, 2003). The nail beds and lips are cyanotic due to a lack of oxygen in the blood. The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of Mr. Jones could have contributed to cyanosis (Marchevsky & Wick, 2011). Heart failure and reduced airflow in the lungs would be the likely cause of low respiratory rate and shortness of breath (Spira & Ettinger, 2004). Mr. Jones received Morphine when hospitalized for close monitoring since overdose or misuse of the narcotic would lead to addiction or death. On the other hand, the patient got Percocet for pain management at home because the drug is non-narcotic and can be taken orally (Spira & Ettinger, 2004). The patient received the intervention of gas exchange to eliminate carbon dioxide at the lung alveolar and increase oxygenation through a nasal cannula. The patient needs comfort measures since the alveoli airways may not automatically expand with each breath. Lack of patient comfort leads to respiratory distress and pain (Spira & Ettinger, 2004). Mr. Jones has used narcotics for a long period for pain management. Narcotics have a side effect of the development of narcotic bowel syndrome. The narcotic bowel syndrome is characterized by a partial abdominal obstruction, hence the need for elimination. The patient receives an intervention in impaired home management related to the chronic cancer pain majorly due to his outward expression and inadequate support system at his home. Mr. Jones got a prescription for Duragesic in the management of his severe chronic pain due to chronic lung adenocarcinoma (Spira & Ettinger, 2004). The patient got a referral to a multidisciplinary team comprising of medical doctors, counselors, volunteers, and home health aides. The team ensured an improved life and decreased hospital admissions for the patient (Marchevsky & Wick, 2011). Huber and Stratakis The article by Huber and Stratakis (2004) gives the best evide