ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract When customers in a business firm are loyal, they make the organization to attain uninterrupted flow of income and relatively lower costs of production due to favorable economies of scale. The improved income is usually as a result of increase in production whereas the cost of production is cut down due to the decrease in promotional expenses. The whole process is triggered by high customer loyalty and optimal purchasing intentions which culminate into increase in the firm’s profits. It is important to note that customer loyalty does not grow by itself. As a matter of fact, it is a product of quality marketing strategies in today’s competitive markets. For a company to achieve customer loyalty, it must create an exemplary value for all its consistent and potential new customers. This dissertation proposal paper seeks to examine how consumer based value at Michelin has succeeded in marketing in addition to creating a loyal customer relations at the Chinese market. A comprehensive framework that leads to desirable results has been formulated. Based on ground findings and reliable literature reviews, the customer perceived firm value can be investigated and evaluated. This research study will conclude with solid findings which can be evaluated using specified standards rather than the common monetary scales. Underlying principle Studies reveal that customer loyalty is one of the basic elements which forms a stable foundation for business organizations to be operated successfully (Bloemer & Odekerken-Schröder 2002, p. 70). Indeed, the loyalty of customers plays a critical function in ensuring the profitability of a business. Loyal customers are always ready to give a company a true and sincere feedback, make valid recommendations to the company, go an extra mile to try every new product which is on sale by the company and also buy the company’s products in spite of variety of products and services that are being supplied by competitors (Christopher 2012, p.99). Bustillo and Lloyd (2009, p. 50) note that customer retention is a broad goal aimed at by all organizations. They add that this cannot be achieved without establishing a firm base in customer loyalty strategies (Bustillo & Lloyd 2009, p. 54). In a bid to improve customer retention, companies like Michelin have to evaluate the environment of their operational markets. In order to be able to retain all new customers without incurring extra cost, firms need to research in a thorough way the dynamics of the principle of customer intentions and loyalty. On the other hand, investment management firms have to understand the status of companies’ customer loyalty in order to
Introduction With the increasing use of technology in the classroom, many educators are exploring the use of instructional methods that would enhance their teaching and students’ learning. Educators acknowledge the fact that pedagogical practices need to embrace the learning opportunities available in the modern learning environment where learning tools such as computers, the internet, graphics, fantasy tools, and so on are available. They also acknowledge that learners’ learning behaviour has changed and therefore more learning materials have to be used in the learning process so as to boost their learning motivations and learning experiences. Consequently, many educators have embraced game-based learning with the aim of motivating learners in their learning process. A number of games have been incorporated in a range of instructional approaches for educational purposes. Psychologists argue that there is a positive relation between students’ learning and having fun (Glasser 1998). Fun is regarded as a fundamental determinant of human behaviour. According to Glasser (1998), students are delighted in what their educators ask them to do since it allows them to have fun during the learning process. Game-based learning enables students to learn by practice; hence, they get engaged in the entire learning process. Similarly, games reinforce learner motivation. The main reason why games are considered to be motivating is the fact that participants in the game are obliged to source for the relevant information that can enable them meet the challenges presented by the game (Chiong 2010). In addition, some brain researchers have noted that the inclusion of fun in the learning process boosts the memory ability of the students as the contents that they are taught stick for long in their memory (Mathews 2010). Games are seen to complement the role of the teacher in the classroom; making learning fun and enjoyable. For example, video and computer games allow students to simulate situations such as experiments, scientific, and historical events for themselves. Similarly, they motivate students, who otherwise are weak in some subject areas by allowing them to encounter ‘real problem’ and devising ways of how to solve it. Besides, the increased use of games in classrooms has contributed to students’ development in other aspects of their personal life. Hence, skills such as patience, discipline, critical thinking skills, problem solving among others, are learned with the use of games. The study therefore sought to determine the effectiveness of game-based learning in schools, its influence on students’ motivation, and other factors of motivation associated with game-based learning. Background of the study During earlier years, education was imparted mainly through blackboard and textbooks. Teachers’ knowledge was considered to be ultimate. But over the years, technology h
Mass media is a large-scale and powerful instrument of influence; therefore, the work of its employees is engaging. The mass media actively interacts with the political industry and forms particular societal views (Kleinnijenhuis et al., 2019). Its workers are creative and responsible people because they are liable for the correct presentation of information. This essay will feature an interview with a lady who is the head of news service. The employee’s name is Anna, and she has several roles in her work, such as manager, news reporter, and co-author of a cooking show. She believes that journalism is a vocation because she works with some people without specialized education, who perfectly fulfill their functions. Business days are not very similar, while reviews and decisions about news are made based on external circumstances. Anna comes to work every day at 9 in the morning and holds a meeting at which today’s broadcast is discussed. It is necessary to plan the day of the branch employees literally by the minute since there is a lot of work. The cameramen collect the video material, the editors write the text, then the presenters write down the comments, and the compiler puts everything together. Anna likes her work, she believes that the position of a leader is not the limit, and she still has a lot to learn. The girl always wanted to be a journalist, but she studied at the pedagogical faculty as a teacher. During the education, a friend called her to help in the local news studio, and Anna agreed. She liked the atmosphere and the creative people who openly discussed ideas and found the best solutions. Later, Anna decided to change the faculty and went into journalism, which allowed her to advance. For several years, the girl tried various professions in the student news studio. She worked as a traffic manager, cameraman, video editor, and copywriter, but most of all, she wanted to act on her own. Then the team decided to give Anna a chance and conduct one broadcast of local news. Later, Anna got a job in another studio as a manager and part-time news presenter, which led her to the position of head of the news service. The career advancement of the lady was facilitated primarily by internal motivation and interest in the business. Anna believes that her work benefits people; therefore, she feels like a significant person. She tried many industries in the field and finally
In the work, “Culture Industry’ Theodor Adorno discusses and analyses the problems of modern culture, its relations to society, and its construction as a separate social institution. Adorno criticizes modern culture unveiling such tendencies as the commodification, fetishization, and standardization of its products, together with the authoritarian submissiveness, irrationality, conformity, ego-weakness, and dependency behavior of its recipients. Adorno states that modern culture produces standardized goods and services for the masses who passively consume these products. For example, the theory of ‘commodity fetishism’ from a postmodernism point of view continuous with ideas about authoritarianism in a commodification context. It is possible to say that Adorno does not attempt to unify theories, to create some kind of master system that subsumes them all. That would be a betrayal of his version of the dialectical method. If we liken theoretical systems to an archipelago, then Adorno’s links are the pathways traced by the movement of his thinking as it charts its course between the separate islands. Nevertheless, his restless theoretical work in charting this course effectively develops, albeit tacitly, a unified theory of art and social formation; one that maps the ground between the structuration of social, political, and economic relations and their psychic correlates in the consciousness of individuals (Jay 43). It is possible to agree with Adorno that it is this radical disjunction between the subject and the objects that are made through him but not by him that is the key factor in the alienation of man from the world of commodities. Marx’s s depiction of alienated consciousness can be referred to Vico’s epistemological principle advanced a century earlier, which proclaimed that the only things of which one can be said to have true knowledge or understanding are those things which one has made oneself. Capitalism is portrayed by Marx as a system that progressively destroys the individual’s sense of himself as participating in ordering, shaping, and making his world. To that extent, the world is opaque to the subject. “The result for the physiognomy of the culture industry is essentially a mixture of streamlining, photographic hardness and precision on the one hand, and individualistic residues, sentimentality and an already rationally disposed and adapted romanticism on the other” (Adorno 144). What stands apart from us in our consciousness – what is ‘alien’ – appears self-possessed and sui generis and ceases, as a consequence, to be ‘historical’; it becomes a fetish object. Its qualities and powers are projected onto it by individuals who the
Introduction Research articles on assessment methods of English Students reveal that there are approximately 3.8 million students in the United States who are assessed several times in a single year. The main reasons behind the assessment programs include gauging who qualifies for the ESL program, measuring students’ academic progress, and effectively evaluating the assessment programs. Types of assessments Assessments within the ELLs are composed of two major assessment methods. These include large-scale assessments and alternate classroom assessments. Characteristics of large-scale assessments According to Genesee & Upshur (1996), “large scale assessment refers to standardized assessments that are not developed to assess achievement in a particular program of instruction and are intended to measure more general language skills or knowledge”. This type of assessment applies the same and similar standards to all the students in the grade the test is undertaken. In addition to the above, this type of assessment is widely used in the general assessment of native English-speaking students Characteristics of alternate classroom assessments “Alternate classroom assessments refer to assessments that are typically given by individual teachers in their classrooms and are intended to measure a specific skill or knowledge” (Genesee & Upshur, 1996). They are referred to as authentic assessments or performance-based assessments. In addition to the above, they are commonly used in the assessment of writing samples, journals, portfolios, individual classroom projects, and several learning activities that are aimed at enhancing the determination of a specific skill and ability from the learner. Pros and cons of the assessments methods The merits of large-scale assessments include its ability to gather information using standard procedures and this information is used to make decisions regarding the education of ELLs (Genesee & Upshur, 1996). It comes in handy when testing a large population of students in that it does not seek to determine a specific skill from a student. On contrary, it has several demerits that include several accommodation policies that must be implemented regularly to achieve the best out of this testing system. Furthermore, this testing method is compounded by the problem of accountability as opposed to other testing systems. It fails to increase the achievement of students and does not avail the necessary indicators that are critical in monitoring the performance of students. The advantage of alternate classroom assessments over large-scale assessments is its ability to enable educators and instructors t
In an evolving industry like the media industry, companies need to create and develop innovative strategies to keep abreast with the dynamic needs. Gannett has employed innovative strategies in marketing its product, USA Today , which has dominated the media industry in the United States and across the world. Thus, case analysis seeks to demonstrate how USA Today employed innovative strategies in adapting to challenges in the media industry and remaining competitive. Seized Opportunities Gannett seized numerous opportunities in the marketing environment, which boosted its competitiveness in the United States markets. To improve its competitive advantage, Gannett created and adopted innovative strategies targeting product quality, extensive promotion, and timely distribution. Gannett discovered the opportunity of product innovation in the media industry and seized it to meet unique and diverse needs of its customers. Since the mainstream media focused on soft news, Gannett decided to differentiate itself by providing news-oriented newspapers with hard news and reader-driven content (Thornton & Alvares, 2016). Besides, Gannett offered free customer care services on important matters, such as taxes, business development, financial planning, and college admissions, by allowing its customers to call hotline numbers. Gannett undertook extensive research among its customers to determine the nature of attributes and features they require in newspapers. In 2000, Gannett redesigned USA Today by adding appealing colors and reducing the size while ensuring that the contents are brief, readable, and informative. Such innovations in product bolstered the competitiveness of USA Today and USA Today.com in the United States for they have attracted and satisfied customers amply. Having reduced its promotional activities, USA Today also seized the opportunity of promotion to expand its market share not only in the United States but also globally. USA Today undertook promotion tour in 50 states in the United States to expand the local market and 30 countries to trigger global demand. Gannett launched USA Today International , which is a global newspaper present in over 60 countries in the European, North African, Asian, and Middle Eastern regions (Ferrell & Hartline, 2011). To overcome the challenge of reduced advertising, USA Today provided free space to customers who paid for six months advertising and front-page adverting to customers who signed for a year contract. Distribution innovation is another opportunity that Gannett seized when it realized that delays and lateness of newspapers gave USA Today competitive disadvantage in the local and international markets. In this case, Gannett improved timely delivery of news by doing its presses early when compared to The Wall Street Journal , opening print sites across the world, and digitalizing newspapers to boost online distribution (Ferrell & Hartline, 2011). T
Introduction This paper provides a critique of the strengths and weaknesses of the article The Disposition to Sell Winners Too Early and Ride Losers Too Long: Theory and Evidence , written by Hersh and Statman. The authors of the article put a lot of emphasis on the aspects of loss realization, with a specific focus on both theory and evidence. As such, the article provides the perspective of the topic; theoretically and evidence-based. Strengths There are several strengths and weaknesses evident in the approaches used by the authors in the article, The Disposition to Sell Winners Too Early and Ride Losers Too Long: Theory and Evidence to explain the subject of loss and gain realization and the associated features. First, the approach of the authors to base their argument both on theory and evidence gives the information provided in this article’s credibility. Hersh and Statman examine the behavior of an individual’s uncertainty to loss realization from a theoretical framework (777). According to the assertions of Chew and MacCrimmon, in most cases, the behavior of individual decision-makers contradicts the expectations of the utility theory (1065). The authors focus on the development of a positive theory with a lot of bearing on capital gains, as well as loss realization to explain the likelihood of investors selling winners too early while at the same time riding losers too long. The efficiency of such an approach is that it is used concerning the propositions of the normative theory postulated by Constantinides. The authors compare several theories that have some level of significance to the subject under consideration. For example, according to Constantinides, the disposition effect aligns with the general folklore on investing (611). However, Chew and MacCrimmon noted that it has no relationship with the neoclassical framework (1065). Also, the authors find out that it is not related to alternative theories that explain uncertainty in decision making. On the other Hersh and Statman provide evidence to their theoretical argument, with the focus on the time difference between the buying and selling of stock by an investor. Such an approach helps to ascertain the possibility that investors consider the realization of gains and losses with equal magnitude. To effectively examine this aspect, the authors use several findings from past studies. According to Feldstein and Yitzhaki, over 50% of investors were unable to sell any stock in their first year of buying (25). The same was evident in Blume and Friend’s study (67). Weaknesses Despite the strengths provided above, it is evident that the da
Introduction There is no use denying the fact that the modern age can be called the era of humanism and tolerance as people understand that human life is the greatest value. That is why nowadays great attention to conditions under which people live is given. Society tries to satisfy the needs of different groups of people for them to feel comfortable and get rid of any manifestations of discrimination. Moreover, people, who differ from the majority, are also respected, though, some problems remain. It should be said that relations between partners of the same sex are one of these problematic issues. There are many attempts to rethink this issue and researchers try to answer whether it is natural or not. Moreover, The latest investigations allowed researchers to detect the genome which is responsible for the issue of same sex attraction. Thus, it is possible to state the fact that this discovery will not change the existing state of affairs. Discovery of the genome its influence on the issue of homosexuality First of all, opponents of gay relations, who suggest the idea that people are not supposed to have intimate relations with representatives of the same gender as it is unnatural, still have their ground as this discovery does not prove that this statement is false. The discovery just gives parents the possibility to determine whether their child has homosexual inclinations or not during pregnancy. Prejudices and homosexuality Secondly, there are no signs of some change of existing situation because of a great number of different prejudices connected with the issue under investigation. For years, society has been despising scorn towards people who have another sexual preference. That is why it is useless to hope that the discovery of some genomes, which could be taken as the sign that the preferences of these people are the result of physical development, can improve the existing situation. Arguments for homosexuality Thus, another perspective could also be outlined. The latest research helped adherers of homosexuality to obtain a good argument that could be used in numerous debates with their opponents. Some people assume that homosexuality is a kind of illness that happens to common people. However, nowadays there is clear evidence that during the period of pregnancy a fetus obtains a certain set of genomes th
Abstract Sports events are undeservedly ignored as the tools for improving the process of multicultural communication despite the obvious opportunities that they can offer. A closer analysis of the recent EL PASO Marathon will reveal that the latter, in fact, has served as a boost for the process of intercultural communication to become more natural and to remove the obstacles that usually stand in the way of communication between representatives of different cultures. It is assumed that the combination of verbal and nonverbal communication elements, emotions (both positive and negative), and the emphasis on the values supported by the EL PASO Marathon (i.e., physical fitness and a healthy lifestyle) provide a strong basis for productive communication to commence. Thesis Statement Research suggests that sport events in general and the el Paso Marathon in particular should be encouraged and used as the tool for promoting multiculturalism, because the communication process, which people are involved into when watching the event, incorporates active sharing of emotions and the use of not only modern media but also traditional one, therefore, including both verbal and nonverbal elements of communication. Introduction: EL PASO Marathon The EL PASO Marathon is a sports event held annually in order to “promote health and fitness in the community, brings tourism to the region of El Paso and provides support to local and national non-profit organizations” (The EL PASO Marathon Foundation, 2015, para. 1), according to the official mission statement of the organization. Presentation Rationale The increasing pace of the globalization process leads to the necessity for accepting the concept of multiculturalism and, thus, engaging in a multicultural communication process (Beebe, Beebe & Ivy, 2015, p. 145). Despite the seeming simplicity of the task, the participants of the supposedly simple communication process have faced a range of obstacles based on misunderstandings, cultural bias, prejudices, etc. (Steers, Nardon & Sanchez-Runde, 2013, p. 217). More importantly, the differences in communication traditions, including the means of emotions delivery, the ways of getting a message across, the choice of words for rendering specific concepts, etc. pose a great impediment to the communication process among cultures. Sport, in its turn, seems to have a universal language of emotions, which most people are capable of understanding and speaking disregardin