ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
In this article, Barbara Wilhite, Gregory Biren, and Leslie Spencer (2012) examine the impact of a fitness intervention on people with developmental and intellectual disabilities. This intervention is described as a recreational activity. The authors pay attention to the experiences of caregivers during their participation in this program. The scholars rely on such a method as the semi-structured interview. Yet, one can also speak about the use of surveys containing multiple choice questions (Wilhite et al., 2012, p. 253). The results of this study indicate that the participants were able to derive such benefits as lower level of stress, improved muscle tone, or decreased weight (Wilhite et al., 2012, p. 257). More importantly, the participants learned to interact with people who might not be closely familiar to them (Wilhite et al., 2012, p. 260). This is one of the issues that should be singled out. Apart from that, one should speak about caregivers such as the relatives of people with disabilities. These people have to struggle with increased levels of stress (Wilhite et al., 2012). In turn, the participation of this program can help them cope with this problem. The authors acknowledge the limitations of their study. In particular, they mention that it did not have a comparison or control group (Wilhite et al., 2012, p. 263). Nevertheless, they believe that physical activity can be a good recreational opportunity for people with disabilities. These are the main issues that the scholars discuss in this research article. This article can be useful for discussing the topic of this paper. First of all, the scholars show that one should consider the needs of people with disabilities and their caregivers since these individuals closely interact with one another. In many cases, caregivers require some respite in order to cope with their duties more effectively. This is one of the issues that should be considered. Furthermore, it is vital to take into account the health risks to which people with disabilities can be exposed. As a rule, they represent a physically inactive group. One should pay attention to such characteristics of a person as cardiovascular endurance or muscular strength (Wilhite et al., 2012, p. 250). This information is important for the development of physical exercises that can best suit the needs of these individuals. Additionally, recreational activities of people with disabilities should help them
Introduction The problem of reincarnation remains a rather controversial one in American society. Reincarnation implies a doctrine or a metaphysical belief in the rebirth of a living being or of some parts of this living being in a new body. Voltaire once said: “It is no more surprising to be born twice than it is to be born once” (Hales 275). Whether this statement is based on concrete facts and findings, or is it a mere author’s assumption the scientists try to find out. Main text According to Gallup poll investigation, nearly one in four Americans believed in reincarnation (1982), in 1980 London Times argued that “29 percent of the British population surveyed expressed a belief in reincarnation” (Hales 276). Though the emerging popularity is not yet a sign of the reincarnation existence, it encourages the scientists to study this problem. As it often happens, the more researches are conducted the more debatable questions appear. The same thing is with the problem under consideration. In the present work we will study the two approaches to it, namely, Robert Almeder’s reincarnation theory and Steven D. Hales’ approach to the same problem. Although both professors of philosophy aim at revealing the truth about reincarnation, their views on the problem are quite different and contradict one another. A specialist in the theory of knowledge and the philosophy of science, Almeder argues that one should believe in reincarnation on the scientific grounds rather than on religious ones. The author claims that reincarnation is the best way to explain scientifically certain forms of human behavior which cannot be understood in terms of one of the existing theories of human personalities. Almeder’s argument is based on the study of the cases presented by Ian Stevenson. Aldemer agrees with a Canadian-American psychiatrist in his assumption that as reincarnation serves as a sufficient explanation of certain patterns of human behavior, the fact of its existence is not doubtful anymore. The author explores a large body of data that did not acquire specific investigation before. The cases concern the people who have memories of things they shouldn’t know. These facts have the following common features:   * The person who claims to have lived the life of someone else is usually a young one;   * The description of
Introduction The quality of the TV series has significantly improved over the last two decades. The viewers can find anything, from cozy romantic comedies to in-depth documentaries. This paper focuses on the Ozark criminal drama by Netflix. This series reflects the modern film-production patterns and allows the viewers to empathize with the main hero despite the law-breaking activities. It also shows the potential psychological changes in the characters in stressful situations. Ozark is an example of a criminal series that is dramatic enough to cause a range of intense emotions when watching and includes the situations familiar to the public. Episodes One and Two The main character is Martyn “Marty” Byrde, a financial consultant in Chicago with a wife and two children. He and his partner have been laundering the money for a Mexican drug cartel. An unexpected armed conflict over the missing $8 led to several deaths and forced Marty and his family to move to Ozark lake in Missouri to start or renovate a business (Ozark ep. 1 00:47:08-00:47:55). Several criminal activities are presented in the series, including money laundering, drug selling, and murders. Roy Pete from the FBI, particularly interested in the investigation, d
Abstract Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious metabolic disease that manifests with chronic conditions such as hypertension, nephropathy, and adverse cardiovascular events. This case report analyzes a patient presenting with T2DM at the ED with the major symptoms being abdominal pain, polydipsia, polyurea, and lightheadedness. The significant vital signs were tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, hyperglycemia (550mmol/dL), subnormal bicarbonate and BUN levels, high creatinine level, and anion gap, consistent with the diagnosis of microvascular and macrovascular complications related to T2DM. The primary etiologies linked to the patient’s T2DM condition include morbid obesity (350lbs) and family history. The treatments considered, including insulin drips, further pharmacological interventions, and diet/weight management plan for the patient are discussed. Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders that manifests clinically as long-term hyperglycemia (PG ≥ 8.0mmol/l) due to impaired insulin production or resistance in the liver and skeletal muscles (Wu, Ping, Tanaka, & Zhang, 2014). Its two major variants include type 1 DM (insulin-dependent) and type 2 DM (non-insulin-dependent). Type 2 DM or T2DM is a major global health problem that affects 90-95% of diabetics worldwide, causing significant implications for health spending (Wu et al., 2014). The primary effect of inadequate insulin or repressed insulin sensitivity is impaired glucose uptake and metabolism, resulting in hyperglycemia. T2DM is a complex disease whose etiology is linked to a host of genetic and environmental factors and their interactions. The genetic factors implicated in T2DM pathogenesis relate to a family history of the disease. Genetic polymorphisms involving insulin receptor genes expressed in the pancreatic β cells, e.g., PPRAG and IRS receptors, have been associated with T2DM pathogenesis (Zhang et al., 2016). The mutations cause pancreatic β cell dysfunction, resulting in impaired insulin secretion or resistance. Mutations in other genes involved in the insulin transduction pathway, i.e., glucokinase and mitochondrial genes, also lead to the pathophysiological T2DM progression (Wu et al., 2014). Due to repressed postprandial insulin secretion reduced insulin sensitivity the pancreatic β cells are overworked, resulting in their apoptosis. The apoptotic progression reduces the pancreatic β cell mass, resulting to lower basal insulin release. With regard to environmental/lifestyle risk factors, obesity (BMI>25) due to physical inactivity and high fat intake is associated with a fivefold risk of developing T2DM (Pulgaron & Delamater, 2015). Other risk factors include aging, alcohol abuse, and smoking. Because it manifests with chronic hyper
What are the key features of Buddhist thought and practice? The most important teaching of Buddha is anchored on the universal characteristic of existence. This is where the doctrinal contents of wisdom are propped. Buddhists believe in impermanence, suffering, and non-self. These three characteristics are always connected with existence as they tend to illuminate the nature of existence as well as helping the faithful to have knowledge of what to do with existence. Upon developing a deeper understanding of impermanence, suffering, and non-self, one gets to appreciate that existence of these three elements. With these three characteristics, one gets to disconnect the link between himself and existence. The disconnection of the link enables one to gain threshold of Nirvana . The severing of attachment is attained by removal of delusions that sways someone into believing that existence is permanent, pleasant, and has got much to do with self. This is what makes the deeper understanding of impermanence, suffering, and non-self an integral part of contents of wisdom in Buddhism. The characteristic of impermanence makes part of Buddhist philosophy. It implies that things keep on changing and are transient in nature. The Buddhist scriptures say that the three worlds are impermanent like autumn clouds. The three worlds are known as Dhatus. The scriptures talk of birth and death to be like a dance. Human life is compared to flash of lightning or a waterfall. These are all used to imply impermanence and help the faithful appreciate that things are characterized by impermanence. Human bodies are subject to changes. This underscores the impermanence in human life. People are born; they grow old and begin graying until their hair starts falling off. This is also true with the human person mental capability. For once, somebody is happy and in the subsequent minute he/she is sad. The constant changes that we undergo take place with or without people’s notice. It is pertinent that a Buddhist understands impermanence not only for the practice of Dharma but also to deeply understand their daily lives. How is Buddhism an innovation to indigenous Indian Religion? Buddhism is an innovation to the indigenous Indian religion especially with regards to the explanation of the third universal characteristic of existence, non-self. The development of philosophy and religion in India was characterized with some Hindu schools adopting the teachings of Buddha in the way they meditated and mainstream philosophical ideas. Compare and contrast Buddhism and Hinduism Both religions believe in the concept of karma, i.e. bringing oneself either good or bad destiny as a result of their deeds either in this life or in the afterlife, and the reincarnation of t
NATO means the North Atlantic Treaty Organization; it is an Intergovernmental military alliance based on North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on April 4 th 1948. It comprises of 28 nations, and its headquarter is in Brussels in Belgium (Marco, 2009). It is the world largest military alliance, and its member states agreed to offer a joint defense in reaction to any external attack by any external enemy. Example of interventions, where NATO has been involved include: Kosovo Intervention 1999, Afghanistan war, Iraq training Mission on August 2004, Gulf of Aden anti-piracy on August 2009 and Libyan Conflict 2011 (Peter, 2000). Libyan conflict started on 12 th and 13 th 2011 where violence broke out between protesters and the government under Colonel Muamar Gadaffi who came into power in 1969.The Libyan revolt quickly developed into an insurgency and then into civil war (Itamar, 2012). On 17 th March 2011, United Nations Security Resolution of 1973 was enacted, and it authorized a cease fire and military action to protect civilians. Consequently NATO forces enforced no fly-zone and enforced an arms embargo against Libya. A leader of a member country of NATO would consider the following before participating in the Libyan conflict. There are some risks involved, since it is vital for the leader to evaluate the risks that would affect his nation negatively before deciding to participate or not in the Libyan conflict. For example, loss of a significant relationship with other countries and the cost involved (Peter, 2000). Revenge is also a factor to be considered. Here, a nation would consider past damages caused by Libya against its interests. In addition, an evaluation would be carried out to determine the need of the revenge (Marco, 2009). Trade relations between Libya and the nation would also be a weighty factor to deliberate on before deciding whether or not to participate in the conflict. For example, if the country is dependent on Libyan products such as oil, hydrocarbon which is of high quality and extraction is easy and profitable the leader could decide to participate in the war to safeguard the imports and exports (Itamar, 2012). Another factor is the vulnerability to terrorism. The conflict would lead to a fallen state and terrorist would take advantage of the conflict to spread terrorism propaganda and recruit more people to join their group. This would in turn be a threat to the international peace (Itamar, 2012). The stability of the government is also a crucial factor. Here, a leader would consider the stability of government back home, for example, threats from opposition parties as it would be better to solve internal problems first (Peter, 2000). A leader is that person who inspires people to achieve a particular objective. A leader in addition must have a dream, obligation and energy to ensure that the dream is achieved. Leadership skills are tools, capabilities and conducts that a person requires to be successful in motivating and directing others (John, 2010). The following leader
Technology innovation has improved public service delivery in both developed and developing nations. Specifically, the USA has transformed its healthcare operations through the objective integration of inventions in medical facilities organizations (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2017). Working at Miami Valley Hospital has exposed me to various adoption rates of general technology trends from Epic Systems. The administration has ensured the tactical implementation of management policies that improve interaction among stakeholders (Rao-Gupta et al., 2018). Specifically, healthcare technology at the institution aims at improving patient care through coordinated care. The innovation allows remote communication for enhancing medical services to public members in under-developed regions (Dykes et al., 2017). Most importantly, general healthcare technology trends in Electronic Health Records (EHR) are useful in ensuring equal access to quality medical care irrespective of racial or socioeconomic background. My experience with Epic EHR Systems indicates several potential challenges inherent with healthcare innovation applications. It is worth noting the systems are cloud-based, and therefore, users need to have a stable internet connection (The Office of the National Coordinator, 2018). For instance, as a follow-up after surgery, an effective consultation procedure requires patients in remote regions to ensure uninterrupted video calls via the EHR telehealth interface (Rao-Gupta et al., 2018). Sufficient and reliable bandwidth is a potential challenge to individuals in underdeveloped regions implying unequal access to public healthcare services (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2017). In addition, the rising cost of handheld devices might render the innovations obsolete and irrelevant since the technology requires gadgets such as smartphones, tablets, and smart watchers (Skiba, 2017). Most critically, these potential challenges have negative outcomes if neglected or overlooked by healthcare organizations. However, general healthcare technology inventions from Epic Systems have imminent benefits in improving patient care. The remote connection between medical practitioners and individuals in need of medical attention is a significant achievement for the U.S. medical sector (The Office of the National Coordinator, 2018). The innovations result in healthy public members responsible for the positive growth of the economy. Similarly, there exist potential risks associated with EHR applications, as evidenced at Miami Valley Hospital (Skiba, 2017). For instance, cyber-crime presents a fundamental threat to the effective collection, storage, and retrieval of patient data (Dykes et al., 2017). Data breaches are a risk that can affect the personal status of individuals to the public. The details acquired unlawfully contribute to related cyber-crimes on online credit car
Problem Identification Today’s rapidly developing technology sets new challenges and opportunities in the field of education. In terms of innovative education, there are various suggestions and improvements, which aim at providing more cost- and time-effective solutions to the process of studying. Among the most important needs, one may note such a point as the idea of developing and moving along with the global technologic advancements regarding education (Shavinina, 2013). Another problem is associated with the growing pace of the modern world that dictates its own rules, thus making people perform multiple tasks every day. Currently, students have to visit their Universities and schools as well as the ministry of education to receive official copies of their high schools or master’s degrees. The same problem occurs in case if a document was lost or damaged. Such a process takes a lot of time and effort, making it evident that a new innovative solution should be suggested and implemented to resolve the mentioned problems. Proposed Solution The solution that can be suggested for the above problem is the implementation of machines allowing printing certificates and other documents. Specifically to Abu Dhabi, the UAE, it is possible to mention the practice accepted by the local police. If a person has a fine for a driving offense or wants to renew his or her license, there is an opportunity to go to a machine, insert the emirate’s ID, and receive a printed document. In other words, there is no need to visit a police station or any other organization to address the problem. The alternative that can be regarded as a part of the solution refers to the use of a special website. It seems to be a great idea if students would have an opportunity to receive their official copies via the Internet. Consistent with the views expressed by Shavinina (2013), it goes without saying that some security measures should be introduced to protect students from unauthorized use of their documents. However, the solution is likely to benefit both students and educational organizations. While the first ones will save their time and energy, the latter will unload staff from printing the originals and working with graduates wanting to receive their diploma. Project Implementation The process of the introduction of the solution regarding machines may take several stages. First, it is significant to develop a plan, which would incorporate several organizations consented to participate in the project and the approval of the government or the emirate. Second, it is critical to outline the timeline and budget of the project to identify the key milestones and specify sources of funding. Third, the next stage of product implementation is a testing period that may be verified through one organization to addr
Objectives It is important for people to embrace good eating habits and exercise to reduce the chances of developing chronic health complications. Therefore, the aims and objectives are as follows:   * Devise a personal health promotion program which can empower people to choose an effective and fitness behavior.   * Reduce the risks of people developing chronic diseases and other-related morbidities.   * Enable people to increase control over their wellbeing by embracing different eating and exercise formulas. Factors Influencing Good Health in the Individual Education is the first factor that influences the good health of a person. According to Murimi et al. (2017, p. 143), through excellent education levels, individuals become aware of the diverse approaches and styles that they can embrace to increase their fitness levels. For instance, through education, one comprehends the different foods to ensure body wellbeing. In other words, education imparts the necessary skills which a person can adapt to enhance their health. Housing is the second factor that dictates the health of an individual. Understandably, the fitness a person can embrace is conditioned by a place where they live (Familydoctor.org., 2020, p. 1). Individuals who reside in densely populated areas have high chances of developing diseases such as obesity because they have less room for exercise and poor ventilation. Therefore, it is worth noting that the housing system determines the healthy lifestyle of a person. Income is the third factor which influences good health in the individual. Arguably, the amount of money a person makes has a critical effect on people (Familydoctor.org., 2020, p. 1). People with high income and economic stability tend to be healthier. For instance, good financial status allows a person to buy a gym system which assures them of having good health. People who have less income tend to consider one variety of cheap foods, leading to malnutrition due to one nourishment component being high in the body. Thus, a person’s income highly determines their nutritional status and lifestyle, which they can embrace. How Health can be Improved Health among individuals can be improved when one decides to quit eating and drinking sugary foods and considering eateries which sell nutritive foods. Individuals should abstain from eating chuck foods and drinking soda, fruit juices, granola, chocolate milk, and yogurt (Simkin et al., 2016, p. 81). As a result, a person will lead a healthy lifestyle, which has zero chances of developing other chronic conditions, including obesity and arthritis. Another way that people’s health can be i