ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Considering the rapid growth of the modern technology-based society, the daily requirements of energy consumption are as well increasing. The enhanced need for energy is focused on complying with the increased human social and economic growth, as well as health and well-being. According to Owusu & Asumadu-Sarkodie (2016), the societal systems demand the power supply, as generative processes, to satisfy core human requirements, including “health, lighting, cooking, space comfort, mobility and communication” (p. 3). The dramatic climate change became one of the major concerns of twenty-first-century society. Its severe effects can be prevented by involving the efforts that aim at transforming current supply systems. Therefore, providing energy security and restraining energy impact on global warming are the two critical challenges of energy economics towards future sustainability. Renewable energy resources represent an opportunity to remove greenhouse gas emissions from fossil energy by generating and, thus, alleviating global warming. Sustainability is the evolving approach based on minimizing the damage to the natural environments received from energy consumption. As such, the core principle of sustainable energy assumes that the energy source is available for an extended period (Vasel & Ting, 2019). This report examines the smart grid technology in addressing “poor visibility, aging infrastructure, spatially and temporally variable energy generation from distributed energy sources” (Kammen & Sunter, 2016, p. 926). On a global scale, the recent national policies, approaches, as well as site plans, prioritize sustainable development. The Context of the Case Study in Chattanooga The Chattanooga Electric Power Board (EPB) got a grant in 2009 in the context of the DOE American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA). It aimed at a substantial improvement of the US electrical system by the smart grid technologies enforcement. As described by Glass, Melin, Ollis & Starke (2015), EPB applied “advanced distribution automation technologies, smart meters, and sensors interconnected on a fibre optic communications backbone” (p. 3). The improved system of power distribution involved different abilities intended to advance resiliency, lower the impact of power cuts, improve outage responsiveness, and enable customers to manage their electric power consumption. Furthermore, the case study was expected to promote future efforts to establish innovative enforcements and uses of allocated generation and storage technology. Figure 1. Smart grid by the Chattanooga EBP. Reprinted from “Smart grid paybacks: The Chattanooga example,” by D. Talbot, & M. Paz-Canales, 2017, The municipal fiber project, p. 1. Chattanooga’s EBP was focused on controlling the city’s electric grid in the 1990s, especially regarding the construction of a fibre optic network. The project was progressively evolving and eventually allowed EBP to provide enterprise broadband connections to local firms. As a result, the smart grid and broadband network were considered a great success and an exem
Introduction Codes and conventions refer to the symbolic, written, audio and visual techniques used to pass a given message in artwork (Fenich, 2008). In the movie, “10 Things I hate about you”, it is fundamental to note that the characters, Bianca and Cameron have been used to show how codes and conventions can be used to define the character and role of movie characters in a movie. Bianca Bianca is a charming, pretty young girl in college and a sister to Kate. She is used in scene development in the movie as she appears in most of the scenes in the movie. If not, she is being talked about in the different scenes. She plays a big role in the plot development because she contributes so much in the “10 Things I hate about you” as she acts as the hunted girl. In the scene acted at the courtyard, it is fair to assert that Bianca is admirable. “What is there is a snotty little princess wearing a strategically planned sundress to make guys like us realizes we can never touch her,” Michael says this in a close-up camera shot. The close-up shot is meant to show the facial expressions that Michael puts to show how pretty and admirable Bianca is. The costume that she wears in this scene is also meant to show how admirable she is. (Elliot, 1834). Bianca expresses innocence and honesty in the classroom scene during her French tuition by Cameron. The extreme close-up that zooms in Bianca and Cameron in the study room shows the innocence and honesty that is displayed on Bianca’s face when she says, “My dad just came up with a new rule. I can date when my sister does”. She says this innocently to Cameron when he puts to her that he knows that her dad does not allow his daughters to date. In this scene, the facial expressions are exposed vividly with the support of music sound effects that play alongside to show how honest and innocent she is. She is also dressed in simple attire that shows how much she does not know about dating (Bryant, 1996). Her facial expressions and tonal voice reveal her desire to start dating if only her sister dates. Bianca is also depicted as protective and supportive, this is in the fighting scene where Joey punches Cameron, Bianca helps in the fight and they beat him up with Cameron leaving him in pain. The full camera shots on them are meant to show the support and efforts that she puts in order to assist Cameron beat Joey for punching Cameron, for hurting her sister Kate and for paying Patrick to woo her sister. The aggressive sound effects in this scene are meant to show the efforts put to overpower an enemy by Bianca (Gross & ward, 2000). Cameron Cameron can be said to be keen. This is evident in the Courtyard scene where he keenly looks at Bianca. He stares at her and says, “Look…look at the way she smiles, a
The Shack by William Young is a Christian fiction masterpiece that is popular and controversial at the same time. As a book, it has both weaknesses and strengths as William Young tries to tackle pertinent issues that connect society to spirituality or Christianity per se. The weaknesses and criticisms notwithstanding, The Shack will leave the reader craving to learn more about Christianity in a friendly yet a powerful way. The story line is not that captivating as the book opens with abduction and murder of a young beautiful girl; Missy, daughter to Mackenzie Philips; a titular Christian. Among other themes, trinity, forgiveness, and salvation stand out conspicuously and this paper discuses these three themes and establishes the spirituality of the story. The issue of spirituality sets in early in this story where four years after Missy’s abduction, God supposedly sends Mackenzie a mail inviting him to a shack where Missy met her unfortunate death. Though skeptical of the invitation, Mackenzie decides to give it a trial and shows up at the shack not knowing what to expect. Fortunately, and to Mackenzie’s amazement, God shows up in the shack and what follows is a life-changing experience. Salvation On matters of salvation, Mackenzie speaks plainly and he asks Jesus the way to salvation. Jesus replies, “Its simple Mack, it’s all about relat
When a child is growing up, all those who interact with him/her need to be careful by ensuring that the environment that the child interacts with is safe. This includes removing objects that can injure the child in the classroom and the entire compound. These roles of child safety are mostly left to the teacher because he/she is the one who is with the child most often hence should be accountable incase of anything. When the child reaches the age for going to school, both the teachers and the parents should make adequate preparations to ensure that the child will have a smooth experience at school. This paper focuses on the things that teachers should take in consideration to make sure that the child with mental problems will prosper in academics like the rest of the learners. Teachers and parents should work together in promoting the wellness of a child because factors such as children’s experiences at home and school greatly influence their mental growth. The child spends most of the time with the teacher while at school, so in t
Introduction The print media has been slowly losing its popularity especially among the young generation in the recent past. The decline in its effectiveness has been greatly influenced by a number of technological developments. Many people envision a future where print media will be forgotten completely. However, others feel that it will be almost impossible to do away with the convectional print press. Whether true or false, the bottom line is that the conventional print press is facing numerous survival challenges. This is amid the development of internet and online press platforms. The print press was initially the main platform through which information was disseminated. This has however changed with the inception of online platforms. Social networks and other sites used for blogging have rapidly created a major shift in the process of disseminating information. Currently, most people spend more of their time in the internet than they do in the library or reading books. This has also been influenced by the ease of access to internet services (Busfield, 2010). This paper seeks to prove that the print media is on the verge of becoming extinct although the industry is exploring some of its available options to remain relevant. Are Digital and Networked Media Dismantling the “Publishing Industry”? Production and distribution procedures of the print publishing business are in actual fact being dismantled by digital and networked media. This is happening despite the evolution from print to online platforms. A superior prominence is placed on the quantity of news that can be produced and disseminated. This includes the momentum in which these methods can be accomplished (Busfield, 2010). Ultimately, cutting cost is a major concern in any industry. The current theme being echoed by the growing publishing world is that print publishing i
Social psychology examines how the personality, attitudes, motivations and actions of individuals are influenced by social groups. Researchers in the field have always been interested in the effects that social and environmental elements have on individuals’ perceptions and behavior. One of the most common research studies in social psychology is that conducted by Zimbardo, Haney, and Banks in the summer of 1971. This study is commonly referred to as the “Stanford Prison Experiment” or the Zimbardo experiment. The Stanford Prison Experiment of 1971 by Zimbardo proved that social context has a bigger impact on individual behavior than individual characteristics. The Stanford Prison Experiment involved a total of twenty-four male subjects who were selected to participate in the study from a sample of seventy-five male volunteers. The participants were selected based on their psychological stability determined by a series of tests. Twelve of the participants were assigned to the role of prison guards while the remaining twelve were assigned to the role of prison inmates. The mock prison was at the basement of the psychology center of Stanford University. Guarantee was given to the prisoners that even though some of their fundamental human rights would be violated, they would not be physically abused. However, they were not informed of what to expect. The guards on the other hand were informed about administrative processes but no training for their role was offered to them. They were however prohibited from physically abusing the inmates (Brady and Logsdon 705). On the first day of the experiment, the prisoners were apprehended and donned in prison attire while the guards were donned in kh
People are never prone to fatalism; even those who believe that their fate lies only in their hands, would lay the blame on their poor luck once in a while, just to keep their self-esteem up the notch. Enhanced by religion and numerous prejudice and superstitions, fatalism played an even greater role in the lives of people of the Medieval Age, and Chaucer’s Monk’s tale is a graphic example of that. Being convinced by a chain of coincidences that Fortune guides people’s lives and predetermines every single event in people’s lives, the Monk sates explicitly that the Fortune is the force that can thrown one off the top of the world into a pit of despair. Apart from the Monk, who incorporates the features of a typical fatalist, which have been blown to cosmic proportions, the Knight plays the role of a person who uses common sense to analyze the role of fate in his life, instead of following the concept of fatalism blindly. Although the knight is, in fact, interested in fortune and believes that luck is an attribute of a wanderer and an adventurer, he still does not seem to agree with the Monk’s claim of Fortune being unfair: “For, certain, when that Fortune list to flee, / There may no man the course of her wheel hold” (Chaucer, n. d.). Unlike the Monk, who sees Fortune as a series of blows, which finally strike one down and lead to one’s misery, the knight represents a more optimistic point of view. Even though the Knight’s viewpoint has not been stated clearly in the poem, it is implied that he seeks fame and hopes that he will succeed at his quest. By interrupting the Monk, the Knight shows that he is going to blaze his own trail. Another tale by Chaucer, The nun’s priest’s tale introduces the concept of allegory to the reader, with a fox in the tale clearly bearing human qualities and representing a person. The use of beasts as the symbols of particular qualities or the means to portray certain people, which Chaucer resorts to in his poem, is, in fact, not new. There are a number of other fables, some of them dating back to the ancient times, with beasts, foxes in particular, as lead characters in them. One of the most famous examples of a fox as a focus of the fable, Aesop’s The fox and the grapes might seem far too on the nose to some readers. However, it still teachers a valuable lesson and contains an interesting observation. Claiming that some people try to underrate the qualities of the unattainable, the tale makes a clever use of stereotypes, portraying a fox as a cunning and arrogant creature: “I am sure that they are sour” (Aesop, n. d.). The fox in the given fable, however, represents different qualities than the one in Chaucer’s tale, in which a fox is a symbol of deceit, as “A brant-fox, full of sly iniquity” (Chaucer, n. d.). While Chaucer’s fable is actually a cautionary tale of fatalism going too far and exposing
There are two types of research paradigms: positivism and interpretivism. While the first one is grounded in the belief that social reality is not influenced by research, the second one is quite the opposite. According to interpretivism, the investigation has a great impact on social reality (Collis & Hussey 2013). The two articles under analysis employ the interpretive paradigm since they both admit the influence made on social reality by the investigation. Saini and Budhwar (2008) analyze the issues of people management, and Şendoğdu, Kocabacak, and Güven (2013) investigate the connection between human resource management and organizational commitment. The methodology used in Saini’s and Budhwar’s (2008) study is a case study. This method has several benefits. First of all, it allows researchers to perform a thorough investigation of the chosen issue. Also, case studies may promote new research. Finally, this method suggests new insight into the analyzed phenomena (Kin 2013). However, case studies also have some limitations. The major disadvantage of case studies is that they cannot be repeated. Thus, there is no possibility to compare results at different points. Another problem that may occur is researcher bias. Also, case studies do not present the opportunity to create a classification since their sample size is usually too small (Kin 2013). The method employed in the article by Şendoğdu, Kocabacak, and Güven (2013) is a questionnaire. The strengths of such a method are numerous. Questionnaires are practical because they allow researchers to collect much data from many participants within a short time. Also, the questionnaires are not expensive. Another benefit is that the analysis of data gathered with the help of this method is relatively easy and inexpensive (Ang 2014). It is a good idea to use questionnaires because once the results have been analyzed, they may be compared and contrasted with the findings of other studies to assess the divergences. Finally, data obtained through questionnaires may be employed to build new theories and methods (Ang 2014). However, along with numerous advantages, questionnaires have some serious limitations. The most serious one is that such a method does not provide enough validity. Also, there is no possibility to check whether the participants are being honest while answering the questions. Another problem is
A social position of woman in Indian society has always been one of the issues of concern. The attitude to women can be describes as discrimination. Such an attitude was caused by religious and social development of the country. It was never so widely paraded and criticized until the film “Water” was produced by Deepa Mehta. We got used to Indian films which show positive sides of this culture. However, the film by Deepa Mehta can be considered a film of new generation that attracts attention of modern society to the problem of social relations, in particular, social role of women in India. The society made a great step forward in last decades, but still, in some villages, the traditions described in the film are still preserved. The film is not only a depiction of social relations and old traditions, it is the author’s perception and interpretation of social beliefs and religious practices in India. In order to convey his idea, the film author makes use of symbols and different technical things. So, in this essay, I am going to analyze the rupture between social beliefs and religious practices in Indian culture using the film by Deepa Mehta “Water” as the best example. The film is the last part of the Metha’s Elemental Trilogy: “Fire”, “Earth” and “Water”. As the author says: “the trilogy is about elements on one level that nurture and destroy us. They are very tangible elements. Fire is about the politics of sexuality, Earth is about the politics of nationalism and Water is about the politics of religion”. “Water” is the most controversial film that describes one of the aspects of Indian social life that is greatly affected by the religious beliefs. The director focuses attention on the widows’ fate through the story of a seven-year old Indian girl who became a widow the next day she married. The girl is taken to ashram where widows should live. Through the eyes of this girl, Deepa Mehta analyzes many themes: the theme of love, friendship, religious beliefs and use of religion to justify actions of upper classes. The director analyses such issues as dharma, liberation and religious geography. The main concern of the film director is a social role of woman, “wives must play their appropriate roles” (Markham and Lohr 2009, 56). Through the description of life of one person (the girl named Chuyia) and people surrounding her, we found out about cruel traditions that defined the rules women had to obey. Woman in Indian society had no social rights. There were many things that she could not do and rules she had to obey. For example, Jauhar, wife should
Introduction The launching of Apple’s Ipad led to a rush by the personal and the business users to have the gadget. Although the personal user wants the Ipad for surfing the internet especially for leisure and social reasons there are advanced options that make the Ipad a must-have for every professional in the business environment. The product has been receiving impressive reviews and this is a pointer to the fact that it is a preferred option for many professionals. I will compare Ipad to two of its most important competitors, JooJoo and Android. Ipad The Ipad is a versatile tool for a sales presentation. The Ipad makes it possible to produce flashy and attractive presentations and /or sales videos without having to invest too much time in the process. An important feature to consider is the robustness of the Ipad. Not only does it have a battery life of up to 10 hours, but it is conveniently slim and carried around in a slim case which would make it very desirable for a business. Research is one of the important factors that make the Ipad desirable. For starters, the Ipad is a very powerful web surfer whether one is using wireless connectivity or 3G. With a few more bucks, the Ipad will make it possible for one to access volumes of books from a variety of libraries right on this Ipad. There are also downloadable magazines, periodicals, and newspapers (Nilay). A recent survey of the Ipad developers revealed that Ipad is more of a business gadget due to its productivity orientation capabilities as opposed to the iPhone. Notably the,y see a potential in Ipad that is even greater than what lies in games or even in social networking. The developers cited that education, medicine, and finance had the highest potential. It appears that the impact that the Ipad will have is nothing in comparison to the impact of the iPhone (Nilay). Android Google’s Android is built on an open-source platform and is available to all mobile phone operators. It can be safely assumed that Android will indeed continue to carry the day at the expense of Apple. The biggest challenge for Apple is that while Google’s Android is available to any and all cell phone carriers. Apple is available only through ATT& T. At present, over 50,000 applications have already been developed on the open source platform of android (Russakovskii). While this coupled with the fact that it is probably the cheapest option with prices as low as $35.00 (Nilay), it still won’t be convenient for the business environment as one would be lost in the sea of the application trying to figure out which one to use. This markets theiPhonee much more desirable. JooJoo This is another chief competitor of the Ipad. It was launched d in 2009 and was built on the Linux system. One of its greatest selling points is the fact that it has the fastest access speed in the world as it can connect to the internet in a record nine seconds. The virtual keyboard it has was designed to make it easy for the user to type with one hand. One of the biggest and most important differences that apple’s Ipad has is the fact that Joo Joo has a battery life of five hours while the Ipad has a d