ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Wily Odysseus emerged as a hero in the poem, “Odysseus Strings His Bow”. He fought in many battles that cost him separation from his family. He did not give up until he was re-united with his family. At first, he was the king of Ithaca, an implication that he possessed excellent leadership skills. In the course of his life at one time Odysseus fell in love with Helen’s cousin Penelope. Penelope bore him a son whom they named Telemachus. He was afraid that this would be known and to cover for the same he pretended to be insane. His scheme was discovered by Palamedes who placed his child (Palamedes’) to find out if really Odysseus was insane. It was expected that he (Odysseus), being insane, could harm the child but he did not. This led to a conclusion by the others that he was not insane (Historylink 1). Odysseus was also a brave and clever warrior. He formulated the trick of the great wooden horse to give victory to the Greeks. This idea brought an end to the war of Trojans and Greeks which had taken a period of ten years (Historylink 1). Odysseus had left his wife Penelope who had faithfully waited for him till he came back. She had made promises to him that she would wait for him. Penelope had made all efforts to avoid marrying another man. At the time of his return, many people believed that Odysseus was dead (McIlvain 1). He was a hero because he had for himself a very faithful wife. The long away stay of Odysseus made people think that he was dead. A group of men took over his palace and had even tried to date his wife. One of the suitors, Antinous wanted to kill Odysseus’s son who was meant to be the next prince. Telemachus had made efforts to get these people out of the palace but they overpowered him (Notes 1). On his way home, Odysseus encountered many gods on the way. Some of the gods such as Poseidon had issues with Odysseus. Athena was the one who pleaded with Poseidon to let him go to his home Ithaca. Odysseus was famous even to the gods who had heard of his victories: “When he identifies himself as Odysseus, his hosts, who have heard of his exploits at Troy are stunned” (Notes 1). Odysseus finally made it to his home. Surprisingly, not even his wife could recognize him, apart from his nurse, Eurycleia. Odysseus was angered by the condition of his palace. Maids went to sleep with suitors at night. Athena a god asked him to stop his anger and appreciate what he had: wife Penelope, son Telemachus and the palace (McIlvain 20). Odysseus made a long conversation with his wife Penelope who could not recognize him. She told him of how much she missed her husband. This was where the nurse recognized him as he cleaned his feet. The nurse recognized a scar that was on his feet but Odysseus’ look stopped her from telling Penelope (McIlvain 19). He was a hero because he made it to have a long conversation with his wife ensuring that she did not recognize him. Penelope then decided to put up a contest. She said that the man who would be able to string Odysseus’ great bow and fire it through a row of twelve axes would become his husband. She chose this contest because only hi
In his article “I Feel Your Pain: How and why the Academic and Professional Communities Must Work More Closely Together,” McEntire (2012) focuses on the exploration of two groups, namely, educators and practitioners, in emergency situations to understand how they act to resolve common issues. The author applies the comparative method to reveal the problems experienced by each of the groups, including a lack of awareness, improper organizational location, fluctuating policies, etc. Harnessing a researcher’s enthusiasm, McEntire (2012) clearly outlines the problems and hypothesizes on the ways they may be addressed. For example, the problem of awareness caused by the incorrect comprehension of emergency management by both scholars and practitioners leads to insufficient support. The problem of fractured identity is presented by the author as the multidisciplinary nature of emergency management programs along with plenty of organizations and agencies operating in the given field, thereby leading to failure to ensure shared responsibility. Various locations of both academic and professional communities result in constrained aspirations. Another problem of fluctuating policies aligns with the ambiguous definition of emergency management. The above issues refer to changing policies and standards as well as evolving federal mandates that ultimately lead to dubious policies and practices and intermittent progress. McEntire (2012) elaborates on the idea of activism by discussing the problem of apathy, which can be comprehended as the deficiency of attention given to emergency management as a legitimate discipline. The cash-cow mentality is expressed in the intention of the scholarly community to bring in new resources and the one of the professional community to focus solely on homeland security grants. The limited budget also makes an inevitable imprint on the approach to emergency management, thus causing significant difficulties in meeting potential and demand (McEntire, 2012). Last but not least, there are the problems of staff shortage and overwhelming workload. In particular, faculty members, as well as personnel working in emergency departments, are frequently insufficient to perform all the responsibilities, which may contain teaching and course preparation for scholars along with training and disaster planning for practitioners. The author declares a broad call for the acceptance and mutual support of both groups, greater attention to training and education, the implementation of knowledge, skills, and abilities-based professional development (KSAs), as well as enhanced leadership and management. With this aforementioned information in mind, it becomes apparent that McEntire (2012) attempted to understand the difficulties faced by practitioners and scholars, and succeeded. The article presents a rather elaborate approach to the comprehension and analysis supported with relevant strategies to address the mentioned challenges. Much of this discussion takes place under the umbrella of the current state of emergency management and its
Abstract The purpose of this essay was to propose how human factors could be incorporated in innovative design systems. Hemodialysis devices were chosen for the essay because of the rising number of patients with kidney failures and complexity of such devices and treatment environments. Conventional designs did not focus on human factors in designs. Instead, they utilized technology to appeal to their markets. However, later hemodialysis devices focused on incorporating human factors in design. They have continued to account for both patient and physicians’ needs. It is expected that the innovative designs will enhance usability and user experiences, reduce human actions, errors and costs of medical interventions. Introduction Hemodialysis is a complex renal replacement intervention used when kidneys can no longer function effectively. Today, the number of patients with kidney failures has increased and such patients need a higher level of care and more specialized, individualized treatment and management. A study conducted by Lameire, Biesen and Vanholder (2009) showed that for the last 20 years, “impressive technological innovations have been introduced in the field of hemodialysis, but the major technological advances in dialysis have not yet been translated into longer patient survival” (p. S30). These technological advances perhaps have not accounted for human factors in design. This essay shows that innovative designs for hemodialysis, which incorporate human factors, could enhance patient outcomes and improve quality of care. Background Information and Relevance of the Topic The number of patients who require hemodialysis has continued to rise alongside costs of treatment. The dialysis industry has been critical in introducing innovative devices to assist with treatment and patient management. The complexity of the interventions could lead to human errors. Hence, it is imperative to incorporate human factors in the system design so that a device can account for both human capabilities and limitations while enhancing ease of use, safety and patient outcomes. Yen and Woolley (2003) have observed that treatments should be directly linked to patient needs. However, the traditional models have been physician-centered (Yen & Woolley, 2003). This could affect patient care and outcomes. There is a shift toward patient-centered approaches in the healthcare sector with a specific focus on meeting unique, diverse needs and expectation of patients. Therefore, healthcare equipment designs have responded to such needs and expectations by incorporating elements of human factors in system designs (Wiklund, 1995). Hemodialysis devices are relevant for th
Democratic leadership would be an effective approach to leading others in the workplace because members of a group are allowed to offer their ideas that are applied to solve problems. When everyone gets a chance to participate in decision-making, leaders encourage their followers to exchange their ideas on a freeway, increasing the extent to which equality and creativity are demonstrated in a group. Situations that are typified by issues that require the input of all members of a group are the appropriate scenarios to exercise democratic leadership (Hofstede, 1980). In a real-life example, in the United States of America, people are allowed to vote to express their democratic rights (Anderson & Sun, 2017). Democratic leadership may not be effective when an action plan is required urgently since this style allows members to engage in lengthy debates that hardly generate consensus (Kesting, Ulhøi, Song, & Niu, 2016). For example, when a country needs to change the law, the process is lengthy and may result in a referendum. Leadership theories in other parts of the world are also characterized by merits and demerits; they are most effective in some scenarios, while in some cases they are not productive. For example, contingency leadership theories hold that every scenario is different; thus, no leadership style can be effective in all situations. Situational theories propose that those leading others should analyze variables in a situation to arrive at the most effective course of action. These theories are different from the democratic leadership style that allows members of a group to offer their opinions on issues affecting the workplace. Management theories partially contradict the key elements in democratic leadership. Notably, while management theories suggest rewards and punishment, democratic leadership does not propose that employees should be punished to be productive in the workplace (Nawaz & Khan, 2016).
Pocket Monster (Pokemon), started modestly as a boy’s game in Japan but soon after it became the most popular kid game in the global market place. The spread of the Pokemon phenomenon had such a great impact on children that it would hardly be surprising to see them delighted at the sight of their popular icon, Pikachu. More remarkable is the fact that an airline industry, the business which is usually prone to promoting seriousness of its service to adults, would willingly turn itself into an advertisement and carrier for children’s pop character. One more interesting fact is that it ended up provoking a huge interest in the United States, an area previously only impacted by innovations of Disney or Hollywood but not from Japan. Positive Arguments about Pokemon Children were excited seeing a familiar pop figure transformed to a new and unexpected one, namely, a passenger plane. For those traveling inside the carrier, they encounter much more than an internal cover up. In reality, it defined the entire flight experience. Attendants would dress in Pokemon adorned aprons, and passengers would be surrounded by images
Federalism at the moment is one of the most important political principles, being the foundation of any federation. Almost all the largest countries in the world are built on this system, which is why this concept deserves attention. At its core, federalism is most often displayed in the unification of several elements into a single state, as was observed, for example, in the United States. However, federalism can be expressed in two models: dual and cooperative federalism, each of which has its advantages and disadvantages. The purpose of this essay is to examine the concept of cooperative federalism and to identify its role and significance for the US political system. Dual and Cooperative Federalism A vivid example of the implementation of the concept of dual federalism is the United States of America in the form in which they were initially formed. The main distinguishing features of this theory is the internal sovereignty of objects, independence from each other and relative freedom in their organization. For politics, this means that state and federal governments have power over specific individuals, but this power is limited and cannot be taken away by another government (Smith). The positions consistent with dual federalism were even enshrined in the Constitution. In the text of this document, there is a clear separation of powers between the federal government and the state government. The theory of dual federalism has long been the main one for interpreting the provisions of the Constitution (Smith). However, this interpretation began to lose its relevance at the beginning of the 20th century, along with the upcoming Industrial Revolution, and gradually gave way to the theory of cooperative federalism. Cooperative federalism is much more liberal, aimed not at the separation of powers, but at communication between subjects. As the name suggests, this concept includes the active cooperation, as well as the duplication of functions of different governments (Morris). Dual and cooperative federalism is often compared to different types of pies. While the first is a kind of layer cake, the layers of which do not intersect, the second is more like a marble cake, the layers of which are mixed. This analogy reflects the intersection and overlap of various segments of power of different political structures. Although directly in the United States, the principle of cooperative federalism began to be actively introduced into the political structure of the state only starting from the 1930s, its roots are much more profound. As in the case of dual federalism, in the US Constitution can be found acts dating back to the 19th century that refer to the cooperation of various levels of government (Morris). However, the idea was most actively implemented in the mid-20th ce
Introduction Saleh preferred engineering as his major course over other disciplines due to the existence of a wide variety of engineering industries in which a graduate professional could work. Engineering could also be linked to social and economic aspects (Hitt, 2010). His decision was voluntary because his main aim was to serve the country in its construction and development projects. His decision to enroll in the Higher Colleges of Technology (HTC) as an engineer was an appropriate one because the colleges had a rich background of excellence and provided competitive courses. Students in HTC used modern technology and skills in their studies. UAE as a developing country required many engineers to help in its development; therefore engineering was a prestigious career in this country. The hardship of this discipline “paid off” morally and financially because the graduates acquired highly paying jobs and could fulfil their familial and state responsibilities (Nuseibeh, 2009). One can be more creative and innovative in this discipline than in others because the major actively involves the incorporation of technology. Technology changes rapidly. Certain majors like Law and Business Administration may not need sophisticated technology. Engineering, unlike other majors also deals with the practical aspects of life. It incorporates both theory and practice. Once an engineer creates a new machine theoretically, he must develop the device into reality. Presentation of the position of the arguments According to Ruiz (2013), the Arab Emirates Society of Engineers contributes to UAE’s development by manufacturing equipments and machines that contribute to the enhancement of the economic standards of the country. UAE requires engineering professionals because they contribute to the growth of the sectors of technology, construction, mining excavation, and road construction (Ruiz, 2013). In the UAE, engineering professionals are usually in high demand because they provide technical and intellectual solutions to companies that manufacture machines used for road construction and oil excavation. Construction engineers contributed to the production of the machines and technologies that helped in the construction of the tallest building in the world which is located in Dubai, the capital city of the United Arab Emirates. The architectural engineers formulated the design of the building and were present throughout its construction offering their knowledge and skills. The government of UAE usually involves engineers in other sectors of the economy in addition to the construction and oil domains. An engineer within the UAE can pursue other fields like medicine, law, commu
Introduction Homeland security technology forms one of the most effective methods of addressing terrorism and other types of human rights violation in the United States and the globe at large. It sets a clear platform for data access, analysis and prompt reaction needed to deter terror-related activities. The September 11 commission report brought out intelligence sharing through technology as an environment that brings stakeholders into active participation by facilitating rapid and more effective connection of differentiated indicators that are well orchestrated for terror (Benthasahel, 2006). Though most authors appear to be in agreement that technology has always remained the ultimate tool for defeating terror, quite a significant number of the same authors are sounding warning on the various issues that affect its optimum application. Owing to the immense threat of terrorism that faces the United States as well as the current issue of ineffectiveness in the Department of Homeland Security’s (DHS) fusion center in sharing information, this study provides an intrinsic evaluation of the challenges associated with intelligence sharing efforts that are regularly articulated by the United States’ Homeland Security. In particular, the case study critically examines efforts that are being employed by the DHS as well as the effectiveness of the same inputs. Statement of the Purpose An understanding of a nation’s security operational environment has been noted by security strategists as a key requirement in developing technological systems that are relevant to the goals that are being sought. The role played by technology in the current security environment makes it an important operational variable bearing in mind that there are several nations which have been intending
Overview of Project The topic of machine learning and its role in the entire concept of managers’ work is essential today due to technological development. Various factories, manufacturers, and other businesses implement different innovations in their working processes to make them more accurate, fast, and productive (Choi, Jung & Noh 2015, p. 50). Nowadays, the profession of a manager is not as popular as it was several decades ago because machines and robots demonstrate better working results. The innovation outlined in the proposal will be examined at the meso-organizational level as the significant changes in managers’ occupations might be adopted by global companies that employ thousands of managers at the present moment. The method of using machine educational techniques is beneficial for many businesses that cannot afford to train their employees due to the possibility of a significant profit loss. The problem of the proposed research is that some companies do not know whether it is better to invest their finances in informational technologies or it would be more advantageous to spend the same amount of money on their employees’ education. The purpose of the given study is to identify the role of information technologies and applications in modern production processes. Theory and Hypothesis The theoretical perspectives that will be used in the proposed study will discuss the question of information technologies’ impact on the management of professional activities and the world in general. The scholarly literature necessary for developing appropriate statements and thoughts for the given research will be taken only from reliable journals and books published and released by people who study the same topic for an extended period. Unfortunately, there are not many studies done in the area of machine learning in management as this approach to production processes is new, and still needs improvement (Jaiswal 2015, p. 74). One of the most important study questions is to determine whether managers might be deprived of their professional activities because of new technologies. The hypothesis is to evaluate whether new technologies and applications can replace people at the positions of managers. Research Methodology The primary research sampling will include approximately one thousand participants employed by an organization that requires particular management activities to be applied in the working process. The sample will be divided into two groups (five hundred people will work with applications, and other employees will be given recommendati