ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The role of the consult will involve   * Brainstorming as the starting point in launching a new project (Wickham & Wickham, 2008).   * Developing a new framework of processing information received from customers;   * Introducing a new training program for employees who are expected to work in team on test-projects; such an activity will allow the managers to define the level of the readiness of employees to make important decisions, their leadership skills, as well as their ability to accept changes;   * Supporting manager’s decision-making and correcting his/her actions whereas managers should be able to listen to the consultant’s advice and implement the necessary changes (Block, P., & Nowlan, 2011). In addition, the consultant should be ready to face resistance on the part of the managerial staff and personnel; The role of the manager will include   * Controlling the availability of resource and device the exact number of people and resources needed to meet customer’s concerns;   * Encouraging creativity among employees and stimulate their responsiveness to the challenges that the company face (Wickham & Wickham, 2008);   * Using Lewin’s model of change management, managers should reconsider the previous policies of HR department and introduce new communication strategies that are focused on horizontal collaboration, as well as strict distribution of responsibilities;   * Outsourcing is an efficient strategy that could be implemented within organization because it has two potential benefits. First, engaging ‘fresh blood’ into the staff can contribute to generating new ideas and improving the quality of communication with clients. Second, applying for new employees will promote a healthy competition among other members of the organization’s personnel;   * Defining dependent and independent variables. Independent variables will involve introduce training program and new employees whereas dependent variables include shifts in department organization and quality of customer services. Evaluating External and Internal Environments that Affect Business and Assessing Client Capabilities and Business Opportunities Analysis of external and internal environments is vital for any business organization because it allows managers to set the course on enhancing corporate business responsibility. At this point, Wall-Mart should be more concerned with efficient human resource strategies that can create a favorable setting for their employees belonging to one of the most important stakeholders. Therefore, before entering an international market, the company should conduct a SWOT analysis to assess its readiness to face threats and gain new opportunities for development (Wickham & Wickham, 2008). The second step of evaluating the environment will rely on analysis of economic factors, including economic wealth and distribution of customer groups. Flexibility of currency in the country is also an important threat coming from the external environment and, therefore, currency control should be a priorit
The inability to eliminate preventable medical errors is a major healthcare issue that undermines the nation’s health and does not allow medical facilities to provide effective and quality services. Therefore, it is essential to finally address the issue of medical errors and find a way to educate medical workers about how to prevent them. According to researchers, in 2019, preventable medical errors were “responsible for 250,000 to 440,000 deaths a year in the United States, making them the third leading cause of death after heart disease and cancer” (Luciano, 2019, para. 2). Their financial cost is also extremely high, which has adverse effects on the county’s economy. These are the reasons why the support of the legislator is essential:   * to increase people’s awareness of the severity of the problem;   * to make sure that the necessary steps aimed at preventing medical errors are taken (Luciano, 2019);   * to find more legislators who are ready to help address the issue. Solving the problem and reducing the number of preventable medical errors has many implications for the nursing profession and patients. For example, it can reduce mortality and improve patient safety because the staff will know exactly what to do in order not to make a mistake (Rodziewicz et al., 2021). Further, the elimination of errors can strengthen teamwork and collaboration in hospitals (Luciano, 2019). Finally, patients will begin to trust the professionals and their treatment plans, which will ensure that they follow them and avoid self-medication. It is desirable to see two recommendations happen related to the discussed issue. First, there needs to be a special program that provides ongoing training for medical workers and educates them on how to avoid an error or what to do after a mistake is made. Second, it is vital to propose proprietary names for medications to eliminate confusion among drugs (U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2019).
Introduction Humanistic therapy is a technique that therapist has adopted in order to clearly understand the client’s subjective, personal consciousness and experiences. The central idea is the current experiences of the client. The main type of humanistic psychoanalysis is person-centered therapy which encompasses certain philosophies and various methods and goals. Due to disparity in views and opinions from different pioneers about human therapy, no specific theory or philosophy has been adopted to explain this. The main driving idea is the present of the consistent themes that characterized all the material and explanations put forward by these pioneers (Gerrig & Zimbardo, 2004). One main thread or philosophy that runs through humanistic therapy is the emphasis on the whole person. This thread is common among all the material put forward by these different pioneers. A whole person in this case entirely means existence of human being on the very five levels- the body, feelings that a person possesses, the intellect of an individual, transpersonal self and spirit. More important is the justification of all the levels in order to realize the potential of human being. The fact that for one to be self, he or she should be in all the five levels is the driving theme in all the materials put forward to explain the humanistic therapy (Jeffrey & Nevid, 2006). Another philosophy that runs through humanistic therapy is the emphasis on change and development. Human beings are never static but are undergoing process of development which is considered to be natural and of great importance. Substantial changes are realized when one is undergoing several stages i.e. from infancy, childhood to adolescence. Basic attitudes and the way we view ourselves is incorporated in all these stages. In the adult stage, people are viewed as complete, more evolved and more of themselves. The humanistic psychology postulates that human being could continue to grow if there is no limit for this (Gerrig & Zimbardo, 2004). The third important philosophy of humanistic therapy is abundance motivation. Human actions are driven by deficiency i.e. lack of something. These may be food, safety, sense of belonging or company and the
Executive summary Gap Inc is one of the best-known brands in the world. The company gives very much important for delivering better shopping experience for the customers. “At Gap Inc., we never stop moving. It takes thousands of passionate, dedicated, and talented employees around the world to deliver the merchandise and shopping experience our customers expect and deserve.” (Man on a mission, 2005). The company has very good strategies that have helped them to achieve their mission and are helping them to achieve it. The company gives very much importance to the appearance of its outlet designs. It creates its durable products through the tie-up with the best factories all over the world. Introduction Gap Inc has given due importance to all its activities in order to enhance the market share. Building a very good brand image was one of the strategies of Gap Inc., the company, in order to build a better brand image, enhanced its all activities. The company gave due importance to the appearance of its retail outlet. For this, they designed the outlets in the most modern way so that the appearance remains in the minds of the people who shop in their outlet. Literature review In this, the various strategies that are formed by former CEO Paul Pressler are being discussed. Paul Pressler formulated many strategies for Gap Inc, but he was not successful in bringing the expected results from those strategies. Strategic choices Gap Inc. made during CEO Pressler’s tenure Mr. Pressler was the chairman of Disney before he joined Gap Inc. one of his strategies in Gap Inc was to go for a vast expansion plan. He hired many of his former colleagues in Disney for building
Contrasting civilizations can have similar worldview concerning the political powers. Although Montesquieu and Jahangir were people of opposing origins and upbringing, their ideas were similar in their core: they both cared for their people. However, the ideas of how to apply the care were different for each philosopher. While Montesquieu pleaded in favor of constitutional system of government, Jahangir wanted a monarchy with the pursuit of pleasure at its core. The main pursuit of Jahangir was in pleasures, which is why he appeared as a weak ruler. He sought alcohol, developed arts, invested in religion, and overall dreamt of conquest. Although his father was a great ruler to the lands, Jahangir did not grow to become similar. Instead, he was referred to as ‘weak’ by other people. However, he tried to benefit his country from the diplomatic missions. Moreover, he had some success in the warfare, ending some of the hardest battles in the history of his country. On the contrast, Montesquieu, a man less noble than Jahangir, was more interested in politics. In particular, his main idea revolved around the concept of separation of powers. Moreover, he wanted to present civil liberties, law, and end slavery, which was shocking for the people of his time. In his work The Spirit of Laws, Montesquieu defines particular political systems such as republican, monarchial, and despotic. Furthermore, he wished to achieve liberty for the people, which was a revolutionary idea for the time, where people owned slaves and considered it normal. He wanted to create proper criminal laws to protect the citizens of his country as well. The concept of ending slavery would have been weird for someone lik
Location and Landscape Miami City sits on Biscayne Bay, an offshoot of the Atlantic Sea; around 60 kilometers from the shore’s southern end and occupies around 93 square kilometers (How stuff works, 2013). The city, located at the source of Miami River, lies on a wide plain amid the Florida Everglades on the west and Biscayne Bay on the eastern side and generally has a flat terrain with average heights rarely crossing the forty feet mark (Miami Living, 2013). Miami city is home to Biscayne artesian basin, a natural subterranean origin of fresh water, which stretches from the southern Palm Beach County up to Florida Bay and has its peak in the cities of Miami Springs and Hialeah (Miami Living, 2013). A tributary of Ohio River, Miami River, flows through the city of Miami, as does Oleta River, in Biscayne Bay (Miami Living, 2013). Miami area has a unique landscape in the form of both manmade and natural barrier islands in their hundreds (Miami Living, 2013). The Atmosphere Miami has a tropical monsoon climate characterized by hot and dumps summers and balmy winters, which have dry seasons and mean monthly temperatures of around 64.4 degrees Fahrenheit (Miami Living, 2013). The city is hot between October and March with most of the year being balmy and humid while it’s summers closely resemble those of the Caribbean tropics (Miami Living, 2013). The wet periods start from May and end in October giving way to dry periods characterized by average temperatures (Miami Living, 2013). The city receives enough precipitation and rates highly in terms of precipitation amidst big cities in the United States (Miami Living, 2013). Long rains take place from mid-May up to October and contribute to the yearly rainfall of around 60 inches (Miami Living, 2013). Its Hurricane period starts officially from 1st June to 30th November and its most probable time to experience the hurricane’s devastation is during the climax of Cape Verde period that starts mid way August to September (Miami Living, 2013). The city has never experienced a three-digit degree climate. The highest ever-recorded temperature was at 98 degrees Fahrenheit and the lowest was at around 30 degrees Fahrenheit (Miami Living, 2013). Its location between the two water masses makes it rank as the most susceptible big city in the world to the risk of a hurricane but fortunately, the city has not experienced another direct hurricane after Hurricane Cleo in 1964 though it has indirectly suffered from various hurricanes including Hurricane Katrina (Miami Living, 2013). It is positioned together with two other cities that are most susceptible to hurricanes arising from its locality and the fact that it has the ocean around it (Miami Living, 2013). The Biosphere Miami has different types of vegetation, which fall into seven types depending on the area in the city. The plains host open forests containing sixty species of flowers while the scrublands are home to small sand pines (MiamiHabitat.com, 2013). The American lotus,
Introduction The Healthcare industry is the dimension in which people frequently face moral challenges with which they have to deal within short periods of time. Quite often, doctors do not have an opportunity to wait for the patient’s decisions on his or her health situation. In other cases, a patient may be unconscious, and the resolution lies on the healthcare workers’ shoulders. Sometimes, the opinions expressed by patients are considered by doctors as wrong, and they prefer not to fulfill the will of their customers. In each of these cases, different ethical theories may be employed. Whatever decision healthcare workers make, they should think about their patient’s life in the first place. However, there are cases when people disagree with their doctors’ choices and decide to prove that the situation could have been resolved in a different way. The case of Rinat Dray, who is suing the Staten Island University Hospital of New York, is a demonstration of such a dispute. Identification of the Ethical Issue The issue that aggravates Dray occurred in 2011, but she has not yet received a final answer to her questions. The woman says that a doctor at the Staten Island University Hospital (SIUH) made her undergo a C-section against her will (Redden). It was Dray’s third pregnancy, and the first two times, she had been given a C-section, so she wanted to deliver the third baby vaginally. However, she claims that she was not deprived of such an opportunity. The internal policy of the hospital gives detailed instructions to doctors that explain how to perform surgeries and other procedures without the patient’s consent. According to the policy, in some cases, a doctor can do surgery without a pregnant woman’s permission if he or she has not been able to obtain the patient’s consent. Such cases include situations when several doctors recognize the risk of vaginal delivery and consider that a C-section will benefit the fetus as well as will eliminate the risk for the woman (Redden). When there is a threat to the fetus, doctors become even more empowered to make decisions without the woman’s consent. On such occasions, the doctor is allowed to neglect the woman’s decision and not consult other specialists. This policy is contradictory to ethical recommendations issued by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) that disapprove of performing any procedures without obtaining the mother’s consent for the advantage of her fetus (Redden). According to the guidelines issued by the ACOG’s ethics committee, pregnancy is not an exception to the regulation that a “decisional capable” patient can deny treatment, even the one that is necessary to maintain life (Redden). The ACOG and the AAP made a statement that even the most substantial evidence for the benefit of a fetus could not be considered as an ethical presumption to neglect the decision of a pregnant woman. The SIUH manual of administrative policies and procedures states the following:   * every possible attempt should be made in order to adhere to the woman’s rights and decisions, but also to secure t
Introduction The first part of this essay will deal with question one and the second part is the long answer questions. Question one asks about the reasons why the bank’s financial systems in Canada and Australia are successful and what has made them remain instability amid the global financial crises. The following are the major reasons, which have stabilized the banking industry in Canada and Australia. Part one The first reason for this stability is that banks in Canada are more robust and strong in comparison to those, which are in the United States of America. This robustness in terms of being in all states of the country as well as having a wide capital and assets base is the reason that has ensured stability in both Australia and Canada. This strong asset base and capitalization experienced by banks in Canada are because of historical differences in regulations that began as early as the nineteenth century. The banks in the United States on the other hand are weak. They do not have a strong financial and asset base to withstand the shocks and risks involved in the banking industry such as declining macroeconomic factors. This fragmentation has seen a decline in the capabilities of those banks to withstand financial crises in the market (Bordo & Redish 1987). The differences in regulations that have brought about major differences are attributable to regulations. In Canada, the federal government regulated the banks whereas in the United States it was the state government. This led the banks in the United States to be limited in their expansion because some states did not allow banks that were not from their state to
Standardization is an essential tool for the evaluation of public health status through comparing morbidity and mortality of two or more populations. It is beneficial for comparing mortality rates concerning the structure of both communities. While researchers can compare crude rates, they may be misleading due to being uninformative about the characteristics of the group under study (“Standardization,” n.d.). Age and sex are the two most common variables that call for standardized rates. For instance, if Population A has a higher crude mortality rate from prostate cancer than Population B, one can conclude that Population A is more exposed to prostate cancer. However, this can be untrue, as Population A may consist mainly of males, while Population B could include mostly females. Therefore, obtaining standardized rates is crucial for receiving adequate epidemiology data. There two primary methods of standardization that are applied under different circumstances depending on the set of available data. The direct method is useful for acquiring highly-precise epidemiological data for large groups of people when the rates are relatively stable (Martcheva, 2015). The approach can be used only when the characteristic-specific rates “for all populations being studied are available and that a standard population is defined” (“Standardization,” n.d., para. 27). The indirect method is appropriate for small numbers, as it is less accurate due to the unavailability of characteristic-specific rates of a population (Martcheva, 2015). For instance, if the age-specific mortality rate of Population B cannot be obtained, the approach allows calculating how many deaths would be expected if it had the same age-specific mortality rates as Population A. In conclusion, both methods of standardization are essential instruments for acquiring precise epidemiological data.
Introduction Cell adhesion occurs on the substrate and requires cell adhesion molecules. Some of the essential cell adhesion molecules are cadherins, selectins, immunoglobulin and integrins (Humphries, Adam and Martin 3901). Types of cell junctions are anchoring junctions, occluding junctions, channel forming junctions and, signal relaying junction (Gumbiner 346). Inflammation illustrates cell adhesion. The cell adhesion molecules guide leukocytes to the injured area. Failure of cell adhesion may create diseases, allow the cell to travel through the body, and metastasis (Gumbiner 347). Some of diseases that occur due to failure of cell adhesion are Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (LAD), Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (LNS), and Maple Syrup Urine Disease (Gumbiner 347). Numerous cell adhesion assays employ microscopic observation and labelling of cells with a fluorescent dye for quantification (Spessotto, Katia, Pier, Eliana, Martina, and Roberto 227). It is essential to culture cells in the laboratory under sterile conditions in order to conduct in vitro studies (Hallab and Moses 211). Cellular adhesion experiments are crucial in determining the success or failure of implanted material on a biomaterial surface (Gumbiner 348). Cell adhesion follows a recognizable sequence, hence making it easy to monitor through the use of fluorescent dye (Humphries, Adam and Martin 3902; Gallo, Masood, Jianjian, Reuben, Lei, Jennifer, Jianyun, and Randy 1690). Cells should be attached to the substrate for efficiency in signal transduction. Signal transduction and elongation of cytoskeleton depends on the suitability of the material for cell adhesion. Attached cells undergo internal structural rearrangement and create internal tension (Hallab and Moses 215; Gumbiner 346). Actin get visualized using the protein phalloidin that binds strongly onto the actin filaments (Gumbiner 349). Adhered cells get stained with a fluorescent marker, phalloidin Rhodamine, in order to assess the extent of cell adhesion on surfaces, and examination of internal cell structure (Chazotte 6). In order to monitor the mechanism of cellular adhesion, disruption of some stages in cellular adhesion is efficient through the application of Cytochalasin D. Cytochalasin D is an inhibitor of actin polymerization through binding to F-actin polymer. Actin filaments play a role in cell shape, motility and dynamics of the cell. Actin filaments are proteins, and have a function in mobility of the cell and its organelles. Cytochalasin D is a perfect inhibitor of mobility of cell organelles such as Golgi bodies. Fixing the cell with 4% Paraformaldehyde helps in reducing the intensity of interaction with Cytochalasin. According to Glenn and Heptinstall (228), Cytochalasin D retards the incorporation of actin, myosin, and a 66 K protein into the cytoskeleton. F-actin contains more binding sites than G-actin that have affinity for cytochalasin D. Cytochalasin D inhibit actin filament elongati