ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Methods and weapons used by terrorist Terrorism has recently become a worldwide challenge. This is greatly influenced by the change of tactics in carrying out these attacks. For the last 25 years, terrorists have been changing their tactics hence making it difficult to stop them. One of the most popular tactics used by a terrorist is bombing. Most of the bombs used by terrorists are homemade chemical bombs. Such bombs are easily made using readily available chemical compounds. The internet has all the information needed by terrorists to learn how to make a bomb hence the rampant terrorists’ activities globally. Suicide and Rocket/Mortar attacks Another popular tactic used y terrorists to launch an assault is suicide bombing. Suicide bombers carry out an attack with a clear motive to cause maximum destruction and willingness to lose their lives in the process. Such attacks are commonly carried out in public spaces or near an intended target. On the other hand, Rocket and mortar attacks are also very common and they were mostly used in the late 90s (Combs, 2003). The use of these explosive projectiles reduced the rampant suicide bombing attacks. Vehicle-based bombs and aircraft hijacking Vehicle-based bombs are also very popular especially in the Middle East (Combs, 2003). Using a car to launch and detonate a bomb is easier than human suicide bombing. Vehicle-based bombing is also a suicide mission. This method also kills both the target and the perpetrator although not always. Aircraft attacks and hijacking is also common tactic. The 9/11 World Trade Center attack is a perfect example of aircraft hijacking. In this attack, two planes were hijacked and flown right into the buildings causing a big crash and explosions. Biological attacks Cases of biological attacks have also been reported and the most recent attack being the Sarin gas attacks that took place in a Japanese subway in Tokyo. All these are methods and weapons that have been used to unleash terror for the last 25 years. Biological attacks are the most effective since they are carried out undetected. Such attacks can easily wipe out an entire generation in a matter of hours (Combs, 2003). Stopping a biological terrorist attack is very difficult since in most cases the effects are contagious. It is difficult to tell whether a disease outbreak is a Biological terrorist attack or a natural pandemic. This makes it very difficult to contain such an attack when it happens. Terror is however not limited to these methods. Terror threats in the state of California A terror threat is an act of threatening to commit violence against other people. With the current al-Qaida’s threats all over the world, the city of California is at risk of either a suicide bomb or a biological attack. The city is highly protected technologically and its entire infrastructure is secured with the latest available technologies. All the loopholes that the terrorists can use are sealed. It is impossible to highjack an aircraft from Californian airspace. Similarly, to smuggle a car fitted with an explosive device into any buil
The progression of thought of the authors of sacred writings can be easily traced in their perceptions of God’s teachings and, more specifically, the depiction of Jesus in them. Their emphasis ranges from the central place of particular phenomena in the narrative to the messiah’s influence on the interpretation of these messages. Therefore, this figure plays a significant role in the task of delivering the knowledge to people while being occasionally neglected or, on the contrary, highlighted. In the first set of excerpts, one can clearly see the shift from the importance of God for the poor as they are blessed and granted his grace to the notion of heaven as an all-encompassing source of his will. Alongside the fact that his name was not mentioned in the later pieces, it gives an impression of Jesus’ decreasing importance for transmitting the wisdom. In the second collection of writings, the opposite tendency can be seen as the change of the authors’ attention from the light of the person to the light of Jesus supported by the last three selections. The inconsistency of his role can be reflected by the subsequent description in the letters in the third piece, in which he is perceived as the one granting good in the beginning and then replaced with the Lord. In turn, the fourth part adds to the confusion by claiming the clarity of Jesus’ destiny as a savior, gradually turning into an ambiguous statement of his secret mission. To summarize, the varying representations of Jesus in different sources reflect his changing roles depending on the place in the narrative. Consequently, the overall perception of the writings is subject to reconsideration when new details emerge or some facts disappear. Thus, it can be concluded that the texts contribute to the creation of diverse attitudes towards God’s essential teaching concerning his impact on people’s well-being.
The Overture to a Midsummer Night’s Dream is a seminal piece composed by Felix Mendelssohn in the 19 th century. The composition is representative of the Romantic era with all its features and characteristics. Mendelssohn was one of the prominent German composers of the time and demonstrated an incredible musical talent. He was born into a wealthy family of a banker, meaning that he had a fitting, comfortable environment for the development of his musical abilities ( Biography , n.d.). Consequently, Mendelssohn’s earlier works were significantly ahead of the average expectations even from a child prodigy. His childhood pieces were characterized by exceptional depth and complexity of the melody, as well as the use of advanced instrument techniques. Surprisingly, the Overture to a Midsummer Night’s Dream also dates back to Mendelssohn’s earlier pieces. He wrote at a relatively young age of seventeen, inspired by William Shakespeare’s comedy. Interestingly, this piece is not designed as an overture to an opera but to a collection of incidental music. This term refers to a format in which the composition itself is not designed to be in the center of the audience’s attention. Instead, its purpose is to accompany a dramatic performance (Alsop). As implied by the title of Mendelssohn’s piece, it is related to the famous comedy written by William Shakespeare. Accordingly, the Overture to a Midsummer Night’s Dream can be placed in the category of program music, which refers to pieces, which carry a certain shade of extramusical meaning. In this regard, Mendelssohn’s overture is intended to reflect the theme and narration of Shakespeare’s comedy. The beginning of a performance is a phase of paramount importance, as it sets the mood and the flow of the subsequent numbers. The Overture to a Midsummer Night’s Dream successfully accomplishes this objective through the careful arrangement. The exposition opens with four powerful chords in the key of E major, which leave a lasting impression and ensure the flow of the piece. The strings suddenly shift toward E minor, marking the character’s transition to a different world of fairies (Alsop). The latter are represented by gentle woodwind fanfares, creating vivid images of fantasy throughout the second subject group and the Development. Whenever fairies are present, they dominate the musical landscape through the selection of instruments. They return once more for the closing appearance in the Coda, only to disappear like a gentle dream. Interestingly, Mendelssohn originally devised the structure of this composition to incorporate the use of the ophicleide, an archaic keyed brass instrument. However, in the modern performances of the Overture , it is usually replaced by the tuba. Strings also play a pivotal role in this piece, as their braying sound is used to represent Bottom’s transformation into a donkey. Overall, the Overture to a Midsumme
The structure of RetailMax, Inc has a hierarchical arrangement, in which executives assign responsibilities, roles, and power in a decentralized manner. The CEO holds the highest power and position although different departments exercise power according to the roles and responsibilities of their leaders. Mr. Kessel has more power than Archer as he is the Vice President of the Product Management and Marketing Department at RetailMax, Inc Company while Archer is a salesperson at the moment. According to Clegg, Courpasson, & Philips (2006), power in an organization refers to the ability of an individual to overcome issues while achieving a set of goals. The potential power shapes a structural position that the individual holds and uses through behavioral tactics. In this respect, Archer has managed to create excellent relationships both with clients and with the company, gaining trust and respect with the VP of sales. Defining power in a company refers to the ability of leaders to influence and alter their employees’ behavior. This identifies five distinct forms of power bases, such as power through coercion, power through reward, legitimate power, power through expertise, and power through reference (Clegg et al., 2006). Reward power is the ability of the manager to give rewards to employees to motivate them. People with specialized skills and knowledge possess expert power. Archer’s power is represented through her expertise as she has proved to be a valuable employee of the company by turning around the Toys N’ Stuff project that has faced significant problems. Archer graduated from a leading business school with an MBA degree and attained great expertise in dealing with clients. The power base of Mr. Kessel is legally determined whereas reward power is represented through his position as the Vice President of the Product Management and Marketing Department. Stereotyping is the habit of individual adoption of thoughts and beliefs about others. Neither Kessel nor Archer makes use of stereotypical gender roles to expose influence. When Archer decides to form a new position as Director of Product Marketing in Kessel’s department, the latter agrees with the idea, even though moving Archer into the department is foisted by the CEO of the company (Lippmann, 2007). Kessel has a strong reputation and experience in software business since he has been working for more than 20 years in the industry. He had developed his own supply chain software company that he sold to IBM. Additionally, the manager has launched new marketing strategies for several other companies. Due to the fact he has good expertise in the industry, the new CEO of RetailMax was interested in hiring him. However, the CEO has not made use of his reputation to influence Archer’s decision. Archers do not use her posi
Hotel upgrade The systems under scrutiny in course of this paper including the safety and security system, the communication, ventilation and air conditioning system, building management system, and food service equipment system. The safety and security system There are a number of changes that will take place in regards to the safety and security system in the course of the upgrade. These changes will be made to ensure that the upgrade serves its intended purpose effectively. In the upgrade, the safety and security system will be fashioned to become effective while ensuring that the important parties involved are catered for effectively. There are a number of changes that will occur to the entire hotel management system as a result of the installation of the new system. Some of the physical and most prominent changes that will take place in regards to the safety and security system will be evident from the physical setting of the building (Anderson, and Anderson, 2010). The sections of the building that will undergo changes in the safety and security system will include the basement level, the ground floor, and the first floor, up to the sixth floor. Security will be implemented from the entrance of the basement throughout the building. This will be done in conjunction with the lighting improvements. The enhancement of security in the basement area is largely dependent on the efficient installation of lights in the basement area. Major changes will take place in the round stairs and also lifts for heavy carriage in the middle of the stairs. Lights will be placed on the stairs as well as the heavy carriage system and the elevator system (Anderson, and Anderson, 2010). The lights will also be connected to the backup system to ensure that these places are well lit all the time. The cameras and surveillance system installed will ensure that the security team in the building is aware of the activities going on at the basement area at all times. The offices that will be placed in this level are HR office (Human Resources), housekeeping office separate from the laundry room and supply room, in opposite room. Due to the sensitivity of the information in this section, security will be of high standards (Bajpai, 2011). The security will not only be focused on surveillance and lighting, but also on cybercrime and unauthorized access of information. The information that is stored in this area will be protected from unauthorized access. The security to be installed will also cover the network in and around the hotel. This will ensure that the remote access of information within the hotel is restricted and under control at all times. Entertainment being provided by the hotel will also undergo scrutiny to ensure that there is nothing left t
Introduction Coming up with an idea for a popular product is relatively simple; by examining the existing demand or, for that matter, analyzing the strategies adopted by other companies, one can define the further course of actions rather easily. Developing a brand that will last for years or even decades is much more complicated, given the fact that trends change and people have tendency to forget once successful products. However, with the help of new marketing ideas and principles that have appeared comparatively recently and have proven efficient, the creation of a sustainable corporate brand is possible. Since strategic marketing allows for introducing a company’s corporate values, mission and vision to the target audience, its role in brand development is convincing the customers that the given item is going to provide them with the required services. Strategic marketing definition Before going any further, it is necessary to come up with a viable definition of strategic marketing. Thus, the elements of the latter will become more evident and, therefore, its impact on SCB development will be easier to define. According to the existing sources, strategic marketing is the type of marketing that “focuses on choosing the right products for the right growth markets at the right time” (Smith, Berry & Pulford, 1999, 72). Discussion As the definition provided above shows, there is a distinct relation between strategic marketing and planning a promotion campaign that is going to result in a long-term popularity of a specific product; in other words, strategic m
Introduction Laborers are people who earn a living from activities that require bodily strength. In most cases, they only have a basic education with no college degree and therefore are not in a position to secure white-collar jobs. Starting 18 th to the 19 th century, there were different rights awarded to laborers to ensure that they were not taken advantage of especially due to their lack of formal education and their lack of financial power to file legal suits against their employers. This research paper is going to look at the different rights that were awarded to laborers both as individuals and as groups by court rulings. Some of the rights are similar to those of other workers who are not necessarily manual laborers. Discussion It is common law that traditionally governed the United State’s employment law. From the late 18 th century to the middle of the 19 th century, most relations relating to labor-management were regulated by the courts. Rulings, therefore, varied from one case to another. During the 19 th century, several cases were brought to court by workers complaining about poor pay. This led to rulings that stipulated the minimum wage amount that people performing certain tasks were to be paid. This made sure that the workers were not taken advantage of and that they would be able to support their basic needs. Workers in the same position should receive equal pay (Ullmann 18). Laborers have the right to be compensated if they are injured in the course of duty. Before the 19 th century, this was not compulsory and workers who were injured while working would only get compensated through tort or civil law. In the 18 th century, machinery became more common in organizations leading to increased accidents at the workplace. The laws at that time supported employers therefore it was difficult for the injured to get compensated. At the beginning of the 19 th century, however, the courts made it compulsory for employees who were injured due to the negligence of their employers to receive compensation. There are three basic protections that should be given to workers who are injured while working and they include; compensation of any medical bills that may have been incurred, in case of a permanent injury, they have the right to get a settlement and the right to receive two-thirds of the average wage. Laborers should not be wrongfully terminated. There were several nineteenth-century cases regarding wrongful termination from employment and not only does an employee have a right to be informed of the reason for his termination but also a right to justify his actions. The worker has a right to receive reasonable notice on the termination of his employment as it was held in the 1960 case between Bardal and Globe & Mail. In Bramble v Medis Health and Pharmaceutical Services Inc [1999], it was held that the amount of time that
Summary of the Scandal and the Leading Facts Every business has an ethical responsibility towards its customers about prioritizing their welfare, as well as adhering to the rules of law that govern its various markets (Howard 51). An ethical business should be in a position to provide clear moral principles that justify its decision-making process. The main reason for this is the need to build a good reputation, as well as maintain a competitive advantage in the market. Volkswagen Group is Germany’s premier carmaker and one of the market leaders in the global automobile industry. The company started in 1937 by the German Labor Front, has gained a reputation for its high-quality passenger cars that industry experts describe as environmentally conscious (Ewing 29). This element has played a major role in strengthening the company’s brand in the contemporary world owing to the growing challenge of global warming. The company focuses on producing cars whose emissions do not contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer by increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. As a custom, all cars ought to undergo an emissions test before being introduced to any market, especially in Europe and the United States (Howard 70). The scandal faced by the Volkswagen group happened in 2015, after the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), made a discovery that the automaker had violated the country’s Clean Air Act that stipulates the environmental regulations that all cars should meet (Ewing 112). Since the introduction of emission control programs, the United States has demonstrated a high level of strictness and adherence. With Volkswagen having a considerable market share in the United States, everyone expected that the company would conform to the country’s regulations in a straightforward manner. A report by EPA claims that the Volkswagen group installed the cars that underwent the emissions test with a special program, which helped it to pass the air pollution test where results showed they had low emission levels. However, the cars that the company released into the market were not fitted with the said program, which was a clear act of disregard to the environmental regulations in the country (Ewing 137). Research showed that the cars that were already in use across the country were emitting harmful gases into the atmosphere way beyond the allowed limits. Following the investigations, the United States demanded a response from the automaker about the findings, to which they admitted to having cheated in the emissions test (Ewing 158). Moral Issues Raised by the Scandal Two notable moral issues the scandal has raised are the effects of autocratic leadership within an organizational setup and the disregard for corporate social responsibility (Howard 109). Business experts argue that a change of leadership at the automaker created a fertile ground for the bad decisions that led to the scandal. Martin Winterkorn took over as the company’s Chief Executive Officer with an ambitious plan of increasing the automaker’s annual sales in a bid to dis
Introduction Dentists are health specialists who deal with teeth and oral cavity problems. They also provide some check-ups of the teeth as well as the gums. The dentist helps to educate people with or without dental problems as to how to take care of their oral health. If an individual want to become a dentist, he needs to be a degree owner. The person interviewed decided to be a dentist when I was twelve years when he first got braces for himself. This was the time when he realized that being a dentist is a very satisfying job since dentists earn a lot of money that he could use in future to cater for himself. The decision was facilitated by the research I made concerning dentistry. Discovering the Calling: What It Takes to Be a Dentist The interviewee spent time in the office of orthodontist shadowing them, so he could see what they usually do. He used to spend a lot of time in the hospital and got accustomed to the hospital environment. More importantly, his skills grew, and he became increasingly more proficient in dentistry. Biology was the key subject to learn because some of the courses taken in undergraduate were the exact same courses that were suggested to the interviewee in the first year of dental school, including biochemistry, genetics and a lot of the courses that were the exact same material. He went to the University of Virginia for undergraduate, then dental school at VCU. The practical that he and his fellow students carried out during the major and also in the school has created a strong base in the practical in the dental school. The interviewee graduated from dentist school in 2002 and has been practicing for thirteen years. Job satisfaction seems to be the highest priority for the dentist; the practice itself is source of joy by making people smile. Moreover, the dentist loves working with the patient and helping creating beautiful smiles. The best part when the braces off and everybody is happy with their smiles. He feels very unsatisfied when I listen from very satisfied patients as well he loves their compliments. The least positive is that a dentist has to spend a lot of time treating patients. It is very physically devastating, and sometimes the dentist gets exhausted. The dentist also encourages his staff to continue education programs as well. As a result, everybody in the office is always learning. The continuing educational programs have enabled the interviewee to gain a lot of skills on how to help the patients. The respondent also attends seminars to learn how to relate to patients as well as to be able to work with the new technology. He loves orthodontist; the spec