ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
It is understood that challenges are part of every profession. In the field of psychology, this is a norm rather than an exception. Numerous challenges present themselves in this field to the extent of threatening its integrity. There needs to be a clear understanding of one’s sphere for a successful career as a psychologist. A clear comprehension of one’s limit and the ability to admit limitations are the hallmarks that distinguish a true professional (Fisher, 2009). Competence can be viewed in legal and ethical aspects (Corey, Corey, & Callanan, 2011). From a moral perspective, it is the rules that protect the client from harm. In the position of a mental health professional, one is likely to cause unintended damage to the client, such as giving diagnostic labels that can be detrimental. According to Corey et al., the legal perspective implies that unskilled practitioners are susceptible to malpractice suits and can be accountable in a court of law (2011). They further assert that they have faith in giving justice and have high regard for their clients’ opinions (Corey et al., 2011). It is, therefore, very acceptable for a client to choose to put an end to a session. All clients have the right to receive courteous and considerate treatment from their counselors. A true professional, therefore, should not victimize their clients for their decisions (Corey et al., 2011). Referrals are a means to an end and not an end in itself. With this in mind working with an open understanding becomes more comfortable. My candidate for a referral would be a client who requires special attention that is beyond my skills. A good example is a client requesting psychiatric attention. I cannot handle such a case because I am not a medical doctor. Therefore, I would refer the client to a psychiatrist when medical intervention is necessary. I will also opt for a referral if my value system does not match that of the client. Some clients have firmly held beliefs and dogmas that I cannot interfere with as professionals. Consequently, I would opt for a referral if I feel that I am imposing my values on them, and the therapeutic relationship is strained. This, I believe, is in line with honoring my professional code of ethics since the ultimate goal is ensuring that my client realizes their full potential for better functioning. Referring to a client is quite a hard decision to make. It is a state when one’s competence hangs in the balance. This calls for the utmost care not to harm the client’s feelings. Referrals ought to be done in a calm way that does not make the client feel rejected and abandoned (Corey et al., 2011). I would take a hypothetical case of a client by the name Joe who happens to be a junior employee in the firm where I work as the company’s psychologist. Joe has several conduct issues at his workplace. He is always late for work, appears to work drunk, and seems to ha
Dear Sister, Today is a great day, and I want to congratulate you on your successful graduation from the high school. It is the beginning of a new stage in your life, and it is a remarkable event for our family. Some days ago I found the essays written by Mary Paul in 1850 and by her grandchild in 1925. They presented a retrospective on the history of our family, as well as many families in the USA during that period. These essays made me think of the peculiarities of our family’s development and the progress of the American society according to numerous changes in the urban life and technological sphere. I have analyzed the stories told by our grandfather and made some significant conclusions which I want to share with you. Our grandfather was born during the period when the American society suffered from the Great Depression’s results. If in the 1920’s Americans had the opportunity to develop their capitals, the economic crisis of the 1930’s deprived them of the opportunity even to save their houses. However, after the election of Franklin Roosevelt the situation was changed. He proposed several social and economic programs. Our great grandfather, who worked at the factory, got the opportunity to participate in the FHA and the HOLC. He was one of those who received long term loans in the HOLC and saved his house. Many Americans who lost their jobs and were at risk of losing their houses used these programs controlled by the Government. Nevertheless, many people lost their houses even participating in the program because they could not pay their credits. The next dangerous challenge for our family was World War II. After returning from the war, our great grandfather decided to use the possibilities provided by the Government according to the G.I. Bill of 1944. The house in which his family lived was in a bad condition. That is why he bought a new house using the opportunities provided by this program. However, this house was located in the suburbs. Moving to the suburbs was a tendency of that period. Today it is quite difficult for us to understand why people preferred leaving in large cities to moving to the suburbs. Nevertheless, the economic situation in cities was not advantageous for the most of the population. First, it was rather difficult to find a job. Second, those people who suffered from unemployment and GIs began building their new lives in the suburbs. Many our great grandfather’s friends, after returning from the war, also used the opportunities to get the education according to the G.I. Bill of 1944. Now, life in the suburbs required new approaches to the question of roads because it was possible to get to the suburbs only by car. Comfortable highways within the territory of such states as New York and interstate highways were required according to the needs not only of the suburban residents but also of all the population. Today it is difficult to imagine the time when getting from Boston to New York could take you more than three days. However, it was a real situation of 1850 which was depicted in Mary Paul’s essays. In the period between the 1940-1950’s,
Introduction The Tragic History of Doctor Faustus is a play by Ch. Marlowe written in 1604. In this play, Marlowe portrays Doctor Faustus as a man who of his own conscious willfulness brings tragedy and torment crashing down upon his head, the pitiful and fearful victim of his own ambitions and desires. Marlowe uses irony to portray the downfalls of his protagonist at the finest and sharpest point. His irony is based on theological concepts of sin and damnation, and dramatically expressed in two major patterns of action. Thesis The human weaknesses, like a desire to master sacred knowledge and magic, make Faustus a tragic hero who has to fight with death. Main body A desire to master the sacred knowledge is one of the main features of Faustus personality. Marlowe depicts that Faustus is dabbled in magic even before becoming a Doctor of Divinity, “being of a naughty minde & otherwise addicted.” Though “excellent perfect in the holy scriptures,” he “waxed a worldly man,” devoting himself to magic, astrology, mathematics and medicine (Marlowe 1997). In the play, Faustus is still a man and no demon. Thus, his choice, no matter how often repeated, does not become irrevocable until his death. Following Pinciss (1993): Marlowe’s Faustus is “not satisfied” with the achievements of his education” (249). It is possible to say that his own curiosity and inquisitive mind lead him to tragic outcomes. In the play, the dramatic situations are heated by moral choice and spiritual trials faced by Faustus. The pattern of moral choice leads him to the alternative of spiritual destruction. Critics (Rosner 54) underline that Doctor Faustus does not rely on the representation of physical pain and destruction for its tragic effects. It is primarily and fundamentally a tragedy of the spirit. The representation of suffering is not intense in Doctor Faustus ; in addition to the agonies of Faustus’ last hour, there are recurrent indications of his pangs of conscience; but that is the extent of human suffering involved. For instance, Mephostophilis talks of suffering and of the pains of hell, but with the exception of one spontaneous outburst, he is not shown as a suffering creature. FAUSTUS. Why, have you any pain that torture others! MEPHIST. As great as have the human souls of men. But, tell me, Faustus, shall I have thy soul? And I will be thy slave, and wait on thee (Marpowe 1997) The character of Faustus is a tragic one faced with sufferings and despair used as central themes in the play structure and meaning. Critics admit that there is a definite and integral relationship between the torments of Faustus’ death and the course of his career, just as there is between the nature of his suffering, as he comes to realize it, and the nature of the devil’s suffering as Mephostophilis explains it to him. It is the suffering of the damned that links the human and the diabolic in Doctor Faustus , not the pain of hell-fire but sp
Background The latest flood and storm disasters in Brisbane Queensland have had a destructive and far-reaching economic effect. Many companies and households are direct victims of the flood disaster. This is despite other companies feeling the indirectly effect through business relationships they have with those firms and households directly affected. These economic effects raise accounting issues that require critical and close evaluation. During December 2010 and January 2011, vast areas of Brisbane were subject to extreme flooding that resulted in extreme damage of both residential and commercial properties. The major effects that spread across Brisbane remind everyone about the destructive effects that natural disasters can cause on local communities. This results in not only significant social impact, but also a regional and national economic impact that affects business entities of all types and size. Accounting Issues Arising From Natural Disasters Like all other companies affected by the floods that hit Brisbane, Milley Ltd was a major casualty of the floods. The floods destroyed the offices and warehouses that lead to the loss of stocks held at that time and machinery. Several accounting issues arose from these destructions suffered. These include how to account for the items of inventory destroyed, and accounts receivable that relate to companies that suffered damage during the storms. The ability of Milley Ltd to meet contracts to supply books was substantially dented by the destruction of inventory, a question of how to account for lost business arises. Destroyed property, plant and machinery need an immediate replacement. Cleaning up costs that will be incurred in May 2011 and government assistance received are issues that need to be accounted for in the annual financial statements. The recognition, measurement and disclosure issues for each of the six items listed above are the subject of my subsequent discussion in detail. At the end, there are recommendations in relation to recognition, measurement and disclosure of each of the six items under review. Inventory Any spoiled inventory must be valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value in harmony with AASB 102 Inventory with any write downward recognized in profit or loss. Since the completely damaged stock is no longer in a saleable, state and must therefore be written off. On the other hand, the inventory, which was not completely damaged and is available for sale at t
The dilemma surrounding recycling has been in existence since the beginning of development. Early concerns that led to recycling as a waste disposal option were the ever increasing numbers of landfills. This generated the need for a better technique to reduce the number of landfills and the dangers associated with landfills such as toxins escaping into water and others into air causing contamination and creation of greenhouse effect. The next best alternative was to recycle the wastes such as plastics and glass where both items contributed to a great extent to the substances responsible for filling up landfills since they either took longer durations to decompose or did not decompose at all. Recycling made it easier for people to feel good about their attempts at saving the environment from toxins and the ever increasing landfills. However, they did not think critically about the whole process associated with recycling, the principle they used was that of out of sight therefore out of mind forgetting the fact that solving one issue does not help solve an issue related to this; sometimes it worsens another situation if not considered from a broader perspective. This is exactly what recycling does. It shoulders the disadvantages of landfills and try’s to compensate them by claiming that energy is saved and fewer items are deposited into landfills but looking at the broader perspective reveals that recycling has little or no changes when environmental degradation is considered. In fact there is almost no difference to effects on the environment by using recyclables and using virgin resins. For example, when recycling of plastics is well thought-out, the apparent effect is that there would be less plastics being deposited into landfills therefore less toxins emitted from landfills. Conversely, the environmental effect of converting polymers to monomers and back to polymers has negative thermodynamic influence on the environment much as landfills have a negative influence. This brings us to the conclusion that recycling is not as beneficial as it was once thought to be. Recycling is as environmental degrading as the production of non-recycled products has a negative influence on the environment. The essay intends to focus on the rationale behind those who support recycling and those who don’t and finally reaching a consensus as to what can be done in order to maximize waste disposal without inflicting negative results to the environment which acts as the incubator through which life is supported; everyone can attest to the fact that an inhabitable environment can result to death and extinction of each living organism including humans, it’s therefore up to us to ensure that the environment is fit for our survival. Recycling refers to the process of reusing materials and products that would otherwise have been thrown away in the various landfills or burnt in incinerators. Landfills are areas which have been designated to act as disposal sites where solid wastes which include substances for instance papers, disposabl
Pros of Obamacare: Preventive Care One of the key objectives set by the Affordable Care Act was the promotion and support of preventive healthcare. Today, preventive medicine is recognized as the most sustainable approach as regular checkups and timely measures avert an aggravation or a serious health emergency. Among the advantages of preventive healthcare is increasing the lifespan of citizens and helping them enjoy an active life. Extended insurance coverage means that patients can prevent an acute condition from turning into a chronic one as well as having to take care of large medical bills or bankruptcy. For those who already suffer from a chronic condition, treatment has been made easier by the promulgation of the Affordable Care Act. The National Conference of State Legislatures (2014) writes that since 2014, citizens are entitled to 63 distinct preventive services that must be covered without an additional payment on the person’s part, co-insurance, or a deductible. Some of the examples of such services include colorectal Cancer screening for adults over 50, type 2 diabetes screening for adults with hypertension, and diet counseling for adults at risk for developing a chronic condition. As seen from the examples, the ACA encourages the early diagnosis of quite serious diseases to avoid future hospitalization and increased healthcare expenses. A day in a hospital may cost from $2,000 to $20,000, and many citizens are unprepared for dealing with a bill this large. They may not be aware of exactly what is the maximum implied by their current insurance plan. If patients are unable to cover the bills, they can file bankruptcy, to which the hospital responds by declaring a loss and passing the bill to someone else. Between 2010 and 2016, Obamacare decreased the number of bankruptcy filings from 1.5 million to 780,000. Cons of Obamacare: Distribution of Resources One of the greatest issues that occur when devising a healthcare strategy is the distribution of resources. Among other goals, Obamacare sought to be a universal policy that would keep the number of uninsured citizens down and offer advantages to each demographic. Today, the Affordable Care Act is often criticized for not exactly reaching young people. As of now, millennials constitute less than 30% of all the people enrolled in Medicare and Medicaid, which, of course, is far from ideal. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services report that the total of all consumers under the age of 30-35 was 8,746,642 with an average premium of $621. Furthermore, for the last four years since its peak in 2016, the enrollment rate has been on a steady decrease. Such unpopularity of the healthcare policy with the millennials may be indicative of several problems inherent to its stipulations and realization. First and foremost, Obamacare might have still not be able to resolve one of the biggest problems with the Americ
Sharks are vibrant apex predators, which are generally important in the maritime lifecycle. However, the larger ones are worn-out quicker than they are expected to breed. In fact, this portends the dependability of aquatic ecosystem around the globe. It is zealous having sharks given that for more than forty million years, they have been necessary for the well-being of the sphere, surroundings, and have fashioned the maritime as well as oceanic lifestyles. Moreover, sharks have both natured and nurtured the continued existence of human race in the long run. Thus, it is significant for the marshals to guard and secure the naval areas to uncover the abuse and intervene to discontinue the vicious killing of sharks. Sharks continuously rambled marine from the periods when dinosaurs were known to be the most exhilarating water animals. However, their extensive reign at the zenith of the oceanic food chains might be culminating with time as the species become gradually extinct. The population of sharks for the last sixty-one years has dwindled considerably due to the inception of industrialized fishing. It is indeed imperative to save sharks from the extinction threats that make thirty percent (30.0%) of sharks and other rare species more susceptible to killing for commercial purposes. This dream can only be realized through the support of International Nature Conservation Union . The commercialization or consumption of shark fin has resulted into a tremendous
Abstract The present research is devoted to the topic of uniform policy implementation at public schools. The paper presents an insight into a question concerning school uniform and the benefits that its implementation can bring. After the analysis of the works of modern researchers on the topic, it was found out that many of them believed school uniform policy implementation to be a good way to reduce crime, decrease the gap between students with different social status, and make students feel more responsible for their academic performance. Nevertheless, there are people claiming this policy to be inefficient or even harmful. In their opinion, uniform policy implementation can be regarded as an attempt to deprive students of their freedom of self-expression, causes gender inequality, and is regarded as ineffective. In the end, arguments of the opposing side do not seem strong enough to downplay the real benefits of the policy. Introduction Implementation of school uniform policy belongs to the number of questions that are regarded as quite controversial. In fact, there is a variety of opinions concerning this particular issue, and many people tend to underestimate the positive influence that wearing the uniform produces on students. Nevertheless, there are the authors proving school uniform implementation to be quite an effective way to make students more responsible and conscious when it comes down to studying. Although some researchers are voicing an opinion about uselessness and inefficiency of school uniform implementation policy at public schools, it may definitely have positive consequences such as increasing students’ self-discipline, estranging the gap between social groups and reducing crime. Why Should Public Schools Adopt Uniform Policy? At first, school uniform implementation policy can become a tool helping to improve the level of students’ academic performance. Wearing the school uniform on a daily basis is definitely a restriction. Nevertheless, such a restriction seems to be really helpful when it comes down to the cultivation of students’ personalities. There is no doubt that such a measure can help children to realize the difference between formal and informal communication, and learn to behave themselves according to the situation. In general, this measure should be paid more attention to as many people believe it to be helpful. For instance, McDaniel (2013) supposes that uniform policy can appear to be an effective tool helping to decrease the number of students who are late for their classes. According to his research, the necessity to wear school uniform every day makes students spend less time getting ready for school in the morning. As it is clear from the research, the policy is able to maintain discipline in the class. There is another strong argument for the school uniform policy implementation, according to which this measure is able to significantly decrease bullying that occurs at schools, and create a safer space. This opinion is supported by many researchers; for example, Roman and Tailor (2013) include school uniform into the list of measures helpin
In Patriotism , author Yukio Mishima develops the theme of freedom through the use of character and characterization. The short story details a single moment of perfect, sublime freedom shared by a soldier and his wife, in the brief moments leading up to their respective ritual suicides. Death, in Patriotism , is the great liberator from an otherwise harshly proscriptive life bound by protocol, moral rigidity, and highly restrictive societal roles. Patriotism’s soldier, Lieutenant Shinji Takeyama, while waiting for his wife Reiko to witness his seppuku or ceremonial disembowelment, remarks “Was it death he was now waiting for? Or a wild ecstasy of the senses? The two seemed to overlap, almost as if the object of this bodily desire was death itself. But, however that might be, it was certain that never before had the lieutenant tasted such total freedom (Mishima 5). Once the decision to dispatch themselves is mutually reached, this quote illustrates the bliss experienced by both characters, who now have a few hours to do exactly as they please, knowing there will be no societal repercussions. In Patriotism’s early pages, Mishima describes both the lieutenant and Reiko as “frighteningly and awesomely serious” (1). Before their suicide pact, Reiko and Shinji live their lives on a “moral basis… by the Education Rescript’s injunction that ‘husband and wife should be harmonious’” (Mishima 1). They worship photos of their “Imperial Majesties,” and each offers total allegiance to their respective gods: Shinji to the army, and Reiko to Shinji (Mishima 2). However, as each character moves closer to death, their actions become imbued with a sense of freedom and adventure neither has ever known. Each character begins to take liberties with his and her gender roles, for example, previously adhered to unfailingly. Shinji offers sake to his wife, and even though “Reiko had never before tasted sake,…she accepted without hesitation and sipped timidly” (Mishima 7). Similarly, the lieutenant “who had never once before helped with the bedding, now cheerfully slid back the door of the closet, lifted the mattress across the room by himself, and stowed it away inside” (Mishima 7). The joy that