ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The findings of Gomez (2009) in his article: The failure of corporate social responsibility shall be presented in this paper. The relevance of this article for businesses people in the 21 st century is by its demonstration on the abuse of corporate social responsibility that forms an important aspect of Multinational Corporations. The author’s thesis of this article is the “study of nine countries – India, the Philippines, Peru, Bolivia, Australia, Canada, Nigeria, Chad and Cameroon – institutional capture manifests itself in a number of ways, most of which can contribute to practices that would otherwise be severely criticized.” My initial reaction towards the article was that of astonishment and surprise upon reading the article. This is because I had not imagined how far these multinational corporation may abdicate their social responsibilities in preference of mischievous games of exploiting the indigenous people without any sense of concern and sensitivity. Summary Gomez, in this explorative study argues that failure of corporate social responsibility by multinational corporations has been precipitated by the abdication of these firms’ duties in the provision of key social services to the indigenous people. The debate is about the consequence of indiscriminate resource extraction without due consideration of the key social demands of indigenous people. Through a comparative analysis, the author has provided boardroom decisions that manage major multinational corporations. In addition to the above, Gomez illustrates the mutual benefits these corporations stand to reap from appropriate and relevant social responsibility initiatives. Critique The authors have settled on an appropriate topic that immediately makes it clear what issues are to be discussed in the paper. The abstract presented is an accurate and comprehensive summarization of the entire thesis. The methodology (explorative research) used is also appropriate for the research as it follows a clear synthesis of the major findings as presented by various authors on the topic under discussion, based on empirical as well as theoretical research. The discussion presented is detailed, comprehensive and informative in evaluative language that helps business managers align their corporate social responsibilities within the key social demands of the indigenous people. Conclusion In the exploration of The failure of corporate social responsibility in India, the Philippines, Peru, Bolivia, Australia, Canada, Nigeria, Chad and Cameroon, Gomez effectively support the thesis by pointing out factors that contribute to this failure in the individual countries. The article opens a rich area within MCNs that is an interesting topic for further studies. Introduction The second article; Weaving Social Responsibility with Business Strategy: A Case Study of South India Paper Mills by Kanchan (2010) explores how South India Paper Mills has effectively responded to the critical social demands of the indigenous people through the entrenchment of strong cultu
Introduction The text ‘A Border Passage’ is one of the most recent works by Leila Ahmed. The central themes include Islam religion, women and the west. Ahmed uses a personal narrative to bring out these themes into the center of discussion. The themes are illustrated when Ahmed explains her previous life, especially as she struggles against issues of identity because of her extensive interaction with numerous cultures. Ahmed intertwines her personal experiences with social and political issues, which surrounded her as an individual and her entire family during the emergence of the Egyptian revolution and Nasser’s ascent on power. This paper provides the discussion and analysis of the Ahmed’s point of view on revolution. It shall also bring the attention to personal factors that will help us understand her interpretation of the political upheavals of the Nasser period. Additionally, how, if at all, her opinions shift over time and in relation to the main transitions in her life will be discussed. All these issues will be discussed in relation to the core issue in the book, which is, ‘the process by which our identities are constructed’. Personal factors that help us understand Leila’s interpretation of the political upheavals of the Nasser period Leila’s interpretation of the political upheavals of the Nasser period is depicted mostly through her father. Her father works as the chairman of Hydro-Electric Power Corporation because his expertise as a civil engineer. However, his misfortunes in life start when he decides to oppose Nasser, who is the prime minister. Nasser has planned to construct the Aswan High Dam. According to Nasser, it is important for this dam to be constructed on ecologically clear ground. Construction of this dam is also something that will earn the Nasser regime fame and recognition. Therefore, anyone who opposes the project is seen as an enemy of the regime and has to suffer the consequences of their opposition. The building of the dam is also believed to be very beneficial to the country because it will enable Egypt to undertake many modernization projects as well as help Egypt break ties with countries such as France and England. Ahmed’s father is one person who suffers a lot in the hand’s of Nasser’s regime for choosing to oppose the building of the Aswan High Dam. He sticks so firm to his decision that he even publishes a book with the same message of opposition against this project. The books are destroyed by the government. The government takes further stern measures against him for rebelling against the project. His finances and other personal affairs, including his family life, are interfered with and things become very difficult for him and his family. Ahmed’s education is also another factor that helps one understand her interpretation of the political upheavals during the Nasser regime. This is because her desire to pursue education overseas is almost cut short by this regime due to her father’s opposition to the Aswan High Dam project. She is also reads a lot of western literature as she is young. Therefore, she develops an intrinsic desire to study in Cambridge. When pursuin
Carl Wittmann’s Refugees from Amerika: A Gay Manifesto , written in 1969 and published in 1970, represents a milestone in the history of the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Movement (LGBT). The document stemmed from a particular social and cultural background where aspirations toward equality and justice were constantly clashing with discrimination, marginalization, and harassment. This paper focuses on the historical context, through analyzing the coeval American society, highlighting the leading role played by the city of San Francisco and commenting on some of the key events that marked that epoch. Traditionally, San Francisco has always been at the forefront in contrasting the culturally approved norms of gender and sexuality. Episodes of cross-dressing, for example, were common already in the nineteenth century (Sears, 2015). In the 1950s, the West Coast became one of the pulsing centers of the counterculture, heralded in San Francisco by exponents of the Beat generation, including Lawrence Ferlinghetti and Allen Ginsberg, the latter openly gay. During these years, gays began to develop social awareness and started to view themselves as a minority (Alwood, 2015). In 1950, the Mattachine Society was founded to promote the advancement of gay and lesbian people. At the turn of the decade, the whole country was undergoing a profound social change. The Civil Rights Movement led to the enactment of laws aimed at promoting equal rights among whites, blacks, and other minorities. However, tolerance at a social level was not that evident and queer people lacked civil rights (McGraw, 2019). They could hardly find a job and could be fired at any time; they had no access to health care, could not marry or adopt children. The mainstream looked at them suspiciously; the law enforcement targets them with timely intolerance. It does not surprise those gays, lesbians, and transgender found themselves trapped within an endemic loop of poverty, incarceration, and victimization (Brady, 2015). Within this scenario, even San Francisco did not represent a safe harbor for the gay community. It was a sort of refugee camp for homosexuals because the outer was worst (Wittmann, 1970). In 1966, the community reacted to the umpteenth abuse by the police at Compton’s Cafeteria in the Tenderloin neighborhood. The riot started the season of gay activism in San Francisco, and the ideas of gay liberation thrived (Pasulka, 2015). Wittmann’s Manifesto mirrors this climate of tension and the aspirations of the gay community. Wittmann offers a sharp criticism of the patriarchal and intrinsically intolerant society. He describes the oppression and the condition in the ghetto where they live, where mafia and corrupted law enforcement exploit gays and lesbians (Wittmann, 1970). The author discloses concepts about homosexuality, analyses the conditions of women, and opens new perspectives on how to live sexuality. Perhaps, the most
World war one also known as the Great War took place between 1915 and 1918. It involved the major powers of Europe of that time (Henig, 2002). Its causes were as varied as the nations involved in the war. But it is widely believed that it was a battle for supremacy. The Germans wanted to exert their authority in Europe but the British resisted them (Henig, 2002). The war had a major impact on what is known today as the western culture. It introduced a new perspective of war into Europe. War was widely regarded afterwards as undesirable. One of the most prominent lessons for humanity from the war was that war always wins (Fusell, 1975). The magnitude of destruction that this war left behind was enormous. To begin with, millions of soldiers were involved in this war. Several hundred thousands died in the war and other large numbers of soldiers were maimed. It has been argued that the lifespan of a British fighter pilot at the time was reduced to a couple of days (Chikering, Forster, Greiner, 2005). Civilians were not spared either. Many people who did not directly take part in the war often found themselves in the middle of heavy fighting. Empires collapsed and others almost collapsed. The war left a trail of destruction in Europe (Chikering, Forster, Greiner, 2005). There was no clear winner amongst humankind. It seemed like war had won because in more ways than one war had retained its destructive nature. The Great War turned out to be more expensive than earlier anticipated. The realization that war was causing more harm than good might have prompted the warring sides to seek peace. After the war, attempts to nurture long lasting peace were made. For instance, the League of Nations, a precursor of the current day United Nations was formed. This was a reaction to the realization that future wars would be more expensive and more destructive. The Great War also clearly brought out the irony of war (Fusell, 1975). War is a punishment for a wrong committed against a nation or a country yet it is also a wrong in itself. The nations which took part in this war wanted to punish their enemies. A country would invade another country because it failed to sign a peace treaty with them or was friendly to an enemy state. A lot of innocent lives were lost during these invasions. Therefore, war became a punishment for a crime and a crime by and in itself. World war one was a dividing line between ideals of the warring nations. This war demonstrated the sadism and brutality of humankind. W
Customer relationship management (CRM) is regarded as one of the most important areas to focus on in the modern business world. Health care used to be the sector of the economy that paid limited attention to this matter, but recently an increasing number of health organizations acknowledge the critical role of CRM for their development (Mohiuddin, 2019). The primary elements of CRM, or patient retention management (PRM) as some scholars refer to it, include proper reporting and data analytics, efficient communication channels with customers and organizations, using different platforms (computers, smartphones, and tablets), and a personalized approach (Poku, Behkami, & Bates, 2017). Atrium Health has CRM practices that have proved to be beneficial for its growth, but the organization should introduce new strategies to attract new customers and retain existing ones. As far as the effective CRM practices at Atrium are concerned, Proactive Health can be regarded as a comprehensive project that can become the basis for their future CRM. The organization provides wellnesses services that imply an integrated approach to the delivery of personalized care (Atrium Health, 2019). Patients receive reports and reminders, as well as recommendations based on the data the healthcare professionals receive via mobile devices. However, this kind of personalized relationship is available for a limited group of patients (who pay for the program participation). One of the practices to improve the CRM of Atrium Health is to introduce different communication channels based on patients’ practices (Poku et al., 2017). Although computer- and mobile-based communication channels are common, people tend to prefer different platforms, so it is pivotal to use the preferred type of communication. It is essential to ensure the use of a sophisticated information systems that could store data provided by customers, analyze this information, and assist in making the most appropriate decisions. These systems should be compatible with the existing software and processes (Fibuch & Ahmed, 2015). The use of advanced information systems is critical for health organizations’ competitiveness as they need to use a vast bulk of data, which guarantees the delivery of high-quality care. Finally, in order to remain competitive in the nearest future, healthcare organizations should ensure the provision of personalized relationships where customers address a team of professionals throughout the patient lifecycle. The team members should not change (the team can be only expanded), which will contribute to the development of trusting patient-doctor relationships (Poku et al., 2017). This approach is necessary for the establishment of effective patient-doctor relationships that lead to care improvement and increased patient satisfaction as modern people seek personalized services. In order to improve
Further Questions for the patient Seborrheic keratosis   * When did the mole appear? Or when was it first noticed on the body?   * Are the examinations of your body organized by your wife systematic or occasional? If systematic, what are the reasons for them?   * How much time do you spend under the sun?   * Does the mole itch from time to time?   * Are there any other unusual moles on your body? Malignant melanoma of the skin   * Does your family have a cancer history?   * Have you ever been treated for cancer? What were the results?   * What is the period of mole growth?   * Do you observe other changes in your health or mood?   * Do you have some skin burns or other changes that are caused by the sun?   * Could it happen that your immune system has been weakened recently? Melanocytic nevi   * Have you ever noticed the appearance of new moles?   * Do you feel pain or discomfort with the growth of the mole?   * Has the color of the mole been changed during the last several days? Differential Diagnoses Other seborrheic keratoses (L82.1): is one of the common skin benign tumors that usually affect older males more than 50 years of age (Hiraishi et al., 2013, p. 93). Though chest, face, and shoulders are the most frequent places where this kind of mole could be observed, they could also be found on backs and legs (Longo et al., 2014, p. 121). It is a tan to dark brown neoplasm with a number of clinical appearances that could be caused because of sun exposure (Chang, Wang, Kisner, & Federman, 2012, p. 603). The patient admits that his wife observed a new mole that was different in comparison to all other moles on his back. Besides, it is evident that Jimmy’s skin color is deeply tanned. Sun exposure should be taken into consideration as one of the possible factors that contribute to the development of seborrheic keratosis. Malignant melanoma of the skin, unspecified (C43.9): is a type of lesion that could be developed in melanocytes (the cells that produce melanin) and introduced as a new pigment that could be different in color (Flaherty, Hodi, & Fisher, 2012, p. 349). In this disease, age turns out to play an important role because a number of unfavorable prognostic variables could be predetermined in older people with the diminished immune system, poor abilities to repair DNA after sun damage, and inabilities to cope with changes in host immune biology (Bartos & Kullova, 2015, p. 143). Jimmy’s main complaint is the inability to understand the nature of a new mole that continue
Jane Austen is one of the most famous English writers whose works became really popular in the twentieth century. It is but natural that these works have been interpreted differently at different times. It can be interesting to trace differences and similarities between the author’s novels written in terms of values of the nineteenth century and modern film versions which reveal modern interpretation of the ideas articulated by the famous author. Therefore, it is possible to analyze Emma (1815) and two versions of the film: the free version of the novel Clueless (1995) and another version which is closely based on the novel Emma (1996). It is possible to focus on one of the most important extracts of the novel, i.e. the time when Emma understands her true feelings towards Mr. Knightley. The two film versions reveal this part quite differently. Admittedly, it is always rather difficult to depict character’s feelings and reasoning in a film. However, the films in questions reveal Emma’s doubts and commitment quite well, though Clueless (1995) is still more precise. Apart from this, the two versions confirm that when it comes to people’s romantic relationships nothing has changed since the nineteenth century as only settings change whereas people always remain unchanged. Admittedly, one of the most important extracts of the novel is the one when Emma understands that she does love Mr. Knightley. This is a very important passage for the novel as the author “punishes” her heroine for being so self-confident. Austen articulates a very important idea: no one can try to make people attached to each other as this mystery of God can never be revealed. The author also stipulates that those who still try to intervene in such a mysterious affairs will be punished. Interestingly, Austen devotes only few passages to describe Emma’s feelings and her reasoning on the matter. The author reveals her particular thoughts: The rest of the day, the following night, were hardly enough for her thoughts. She was bewildered amidst the confusion of all that had rushed on her within the last few hours… How to understand the deceptions she had… living under! The blunders, the blindness of her own head and heart! (Austen Chapter 47) Austen describes Emma’s unrest and her disappointment. Emma understands her mistakes and reconciles to God’s mysterious ways. This reconciliation leads to Emma’s happiness. It is necessary to note that this passage can be rather difficult to reveal in a film. There are many ways to do it: voice over, a dialogue, heroine’s monologue, etc. However, these
Introduction The United States National Counterterrorism Center is the successor to the Terrorist Threat Integration Center in the country’s efforts to combat national and international terrorism. The center was created after the 9/11 attack, when the US government was reforming the nation’s Intelligence community so as to make it more effective in protecting the American citizens from such incidents ( How We Work , n.d.). The center’s main functions include threat analysis, information sharing, national intelligence management, identity management, and strategic operation planning ( How We Work , n.d.). The center is based in McLean, Virginia, and has over 1000 people working for it in various parts of the United States. The National Counterterrorism Center’s structure is comprised of four Directorates that correspond to its functions listed above, as well as several offices with more narrow roles. NCTC uses its resources and access to various information channels to analyze massive amounts of data and identify potential threats to national security. The center uses pattern recognition and other advanced technologies to efficiently convert surveillance data into information that can be acted upon by the FBI or other authorities. Another crucial responsibility of NCTC is ensuring that the valuable intelligence acquired by it, or other agencies, is shared with other organizations, including law enforcement. This component is vital to improve the effectiveness of any operations carried out by members of LE or the intelligence community. IC and LE Integration History The integration of various security agencies in the US usually takes the form of information sharing. This section of the memo will cover the failures and achievements from the history of LE integration with the intelligence community. Before the 9/11 attacks, there was no official form of intelligence sharing in the United States. At the time, agencies such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Central Intelligence Agency were concerned with protecting their data and were not prioritizing cooperation with other institutions. When the Department of Homeland Security was created in an effort to increase cooperation between intelligence agencies, it marked the first step in formalizing intelligence sharing. The DHS incorporates 15 intelligence agencies and encourages communication between them. One of the methods of intelligence sharing employed in the United States involves the use of liaisons working in fusion centers. These facilities tend to be located in separate buildings and house people from different local government organizations that could benefit from cooperation. Although the fusion center system is aimed at promoting intelligence sharing, some agencies in the intelligence community are sometimes unwilling to share their information with other organizations. The city of Philadelphia has employed several programs to facilitate the process and ensure that the information remains secure and is only given on a need-to-know basis. Unfortunately, the outcomes of these programs hav