ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The end of major world conflicts signified new dawn for most nations that were actively involved in the World War I. This was a significant time where nations had to restructure their international relations and revamp their political and economic projects to ensure they regain their previous states. This essay examines how historical legacies have affected relationships between Japan, China, and South Korea. Historical Legacies History is the most challenging and complex part of human life due to the existence of many translations, meanings, and origins of various cultural and political systems. However, it is necessary to explain that even though there may be various reasons that explain circumstances surrounding an event, the truth is that all details provided always reflect the truth about an event or a person. Historians have explained in various ways that the relationships between China, Japan, and South Korea were based on parasitism where Japan benefited from these two nations in many ways (Brazil 2009). For instance, the origin of the Japanese language is largely associated with China and South Korea. Also, there are many occasions where historians and researchers have proved that Japan derived its language and symbols from China. This means that there was a lot of cultural exchange amongst these three countries and this promoted healthy relations amongst their citizens. Information obtained before the 18 th century shows that those nations shared a lot of social and cultural aspects that enabled them to interact freely. However, it is necessary to explain that Japan had not matured politically and was highly influenced by the decisions of its neighbors (Santiago 2013). Therefore, China and South Korea had stronger political powers and regimes compared to Japan and this made them play significant roles in determining the political and economic decisions in the Asian region. It is also beli
Introduction Today, air transportation can be viewed as the dominant method of transcontinental and intercontinental travel due to its safety, time-efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. Affordable and accessible travel is supported by a complex air transport system, which includes a wide range of airports, airlines, and works traffic control. Modern air transport networks are highly dynamic, with the timetable of departures and arrivals meticulously scheduled to ensure all runways are in use and flights do not interfere with one another (Rocha, 2017). In large hubs, even the slightest postponement due to extreme weather conditions or air carrier issues can result in congestion and subsequent delays. Therefore, many primary hubs receiving an increased number of enplanements are supported by reliever airfields. This essay will analyze the air transport system in the United States and discuss the role of relievers within it. It will also reflect on the positive and negative aspects of maintaining nonprimary airports in major metropolitan areas. General Environment in the Current Airline Industry The air transport network is the primary and most complex component of the global airline industry. It includes primary and nonprimary airports in a variety of regions and countries, flights between them, and airlines that may or may not have agreements with some of the hubs (Rocha, 2017). In the United States, there are over 20,000 airports, heliports, and seaplane bases, 5,000 of which are open to the public (Federal Aviation Administration, 2020). The vast number of hubs can be explained by the continuously growing demand for air travel. According to World Bank Open Data (2020), in 2019, over 4,397 billion people took a commercial or private flight, with 926,737.00 thousand passengers leaving from the United States’ airfields. Overall, 37,461,913.819 registered air carriers departed from various airports worldwide (World Bank Open Data, 2019). The current environment in the global airline industry requires an increase in both the number of flights and airfields able to provide access to air travel to the public. Overall, it can be argued that the present situation is driving the decisions to provide support to large primary hubs with the opening of smaller relievers. The Role of Reliever Airports in the Air Transport Network Many of the large metropolitan areas maintain additional secondary and reliever airports. The latter can be defined as airfields designated “to relieve congestion at a commercial service airport and to provide more general aviation access to the
Introduction The field of education has benefited from the thoughts and ideas of many people. Seneca and Freire are two good examples of such benefactors. Seneca, in one of the many letters through which most of his ideas came to be known, discredits the notion that liberal education per se is of any use. Education for him would only be meaningful if it contributed towards improving one’s character. For liberal education however, this does not form the goal. Freire on the other hand, feels that there should be a shift in pedagogy in order to get rid of the inequality that characterizes the student-teacher relationship. This, he asserts, could only happen if there was rupture from the narrative based content delivery to methods that were more imitative of dialogue. This essay seeks to show that while Seneca’s ideas have been invaluable to the development of the field of education, they would today be easily found obsolete. Freire’s ideas, on the other hand, remain as venerable as ever; his recommendations however borders on the impracticality of the structured contemporary education context. Seneca’s argument Seneca was a thoroughgoing stoic. Stoicism is a belief in the supremacy of reason over passion and the inherent value that is to be found in virtue (Castellano). Material possession and social standing were of little value to stoics as neither helped advance virtue (Castellano). The philosophy of stoicism was of a great influence in Seneca’s conceptualization of education and what its aims ought to be (Bilson). For this reason, Seneca felt that education should have had the edification of character as its only aim. His perception of the liberal arts, therefore, was not kind at all. He felt that liberal education turned people into “pedantic, irritating, tactless, self-satisfied bores (who) spend their life learning things they’ll never need” (Seneca). Knowing for its own sake, as the goal of liberal studies to Seneca constituted a worthless aim. For him, worthwhile education was that which helped one achieve attributes such as bravery, self-control, loyalty and wisdom (Seneca). Thus, he posited that the study of the liberal arts such as poetry, philosophy, music and geometry would be of use only if it was done as preparation for the acquisition of moral values (Seneca). That he attached little meaning to the study of liberal arts hardly means that he had a soft spot for vocational education. He felt nothing but contempt for the acquisition of skills for the sake of profiting from them (Seneca). He felt that one should engage in vocational skills for the reason that they are central to the survival of humans. To make a vocation, a lifelong pursuit was for him utterly contemptible and such an endeavor should only be undertaken if one was mentally incapable of pursuing goals of a higher nature
In every action, may it be ordinarily or non-ordinarily daily activity undertaken by human beings, there is a risk associated with the action, regardless of its magnitude. That is, in everything that we do ranging from resting to participation in rigorous bustles involving rescuing work, or warring against adversaries, a certain degree of risk is always there. Surely, this portrays that risk will forever be there in all human daily life activities, however, there are varying extremes of the risk depending on the kind of activity, or work being done. If we view resting as having its own associated health risk, it’s vivid that the most important thing for a person to understand is the kind of risks embedded within the work s/he does, after acknowledge that little can be done to bring it to extinction (Barnett, 2005). For many centuries, workplace incidents leading to work fatalities have been matters of great concern in all major industry categories; thus, over the years, efforts have been put to reduce the number of workplace injuries in most of the major industries of mining, transportation, building & construction, agriculture and food industries among others. Certainly, the graph of work related industrial incidents have shown a decreasing trend in the last few decades, and such great injury reductions has been as a result of numerous federal and state historic established policies and legislations, dating back as far as 1960s during which occupational safety and health organization (OSHA) directed them to save the lives of miners. This has however been extended to all kind of work categories, hence, meat packing industries have not been an exceptional (Anonymous, 1999) Within the meat packing industries, the labor force is exposed to a number of risks including incidents of machine cuts which may be escalated by the machine’s high speed, animal attacks or even manipulated human systems particular in the areas of management and supervision. As there is a diversity of risk sources within the meat industry, so as there are a number of strategies that have been put forward as ways of alleviating working under unsafe condition. Whereas in certain instances, reduction of machine’s high speed has been suggested as the best way of reducing the machine injury casualty rates reported in an organization, such protection reservation is subjective in one way or the other. The idea of reducing machine’s speed may empirical end-up in stopping the machine, or low speed would result into a significant reduction of production. If the machine speed is slowed down, this will generally not only be contrary to the investor’s intentions, but it will also go against the normalcy of business operatio
Access to higher education plays a significant role towards an individual’s acquaintance of skills and employment. In most occasions, it provides an individual with an opportunity of outcompeting persons that lack degrees. Most employees prefer graduates to individuals who stopped at A-level because they associate graduates with success. Graduates from higher education centres also portray good characters in diverse organisations, in which they work. Most of the graduates acquaint good characters from interacting directly with the society. For instance, majority of the graduates portray a sense of belonging; they join many groups that assist the society in meeting some set standards. This paper aims at providing detailed information about why higher education is somehow an effective means for both obtaining employment and learning the necessary skills for the workplace. Negative perception of graduates In the past, most employers preferred graduates to A-level students when deploying employees. Unfortunately, the current employers have developed negative perception towards graduates. According to them, most graduates lack some capacities. For instance, they argue that most graduates lack not only business awareness, but also self-management. Some graduates also portray their lack of skills in carrying out some organisational responsibilities. It is also evident that some of the graduates seek employment without preparing. This is evidenced by the opinion of the interviewed employers. According to the employers, over 40 percent of the graduates that apply for jobs show unpreparedness (Atfield & Purcell, 2012 p. 1). Thus, it is evident that higher education does not fully prepare students for employment that is offered in the job market. Lack of skills among graduates Reports provided by some renowned organisations also show that graduates do not get fully acquainted with skills that will enable them compete for jobs. For instance, the report provided by the CBI and Universities UK shows that most universities do not develop employability skills in their students (Atfield & Purcell, 2012 p. 25). According to these organisations, universities and businesses opt to take part significantly in developing the employability skills of all students. Selectivity of skills Some of the institutions are also selective on the skills they teach their respective students. Some of the students also believe that employers seek for respective skills when recruiting employees. According to Atfield & Purcell (2012 p.2), “most stude
Introduction It is not a secret that people spend the most part of their life at work. That is why the work environment and the relationships with colleagues are the vital aspects of any job. In the modern globalized world, we have the opportunity to work with people from different countries. However, the work in the diverse environment can be a challenge and it is a task of the management to ensure that the working atmosphere is bias-free. The Support of the Comfortable Work Environment Our job is the place where we have to communicate with different people every day. Every one of us has our own temper, strengths and weaknesses. It goes without saying, that we cannot support the comfortable and friendly work environment without the respect for each other. In managing the diverse group, you will, undoubtedly, meet with some difficulties. From my experience, I should say that the communication with the representatives of other ethnic groups requires the understanding of their manner of behavior and gestures. The cross-cultural communication is the urgent problem nowadays. In addition, it is the topic of research of many scholars. I think the establishment of the mentor relationships is one of the most important initiatives, which can be undertaken in order to support the diverse and bias-free work environment. The mentor is the person who coordinates the work of employees. They can assist in solving the problems with cross-cultural communication. Besides, I agree with the statement that the work in multicultural teams is essential for the effective cross-cultural communication. Conclusion In summary, it should be said that the support of the diverse and bias-free work environment is the actual problem nowadays. We live in a highly globalized world and have to cooperate with the representatives of other nations. The management should be responsible for establishment of the mentor relationships and the multicultural team building.
The embracement of technology in various sectors has been associated with enhanced methods of doing business, which, in turn, has led to increased productivity. The use of gadgets such as smartphones and tablets has introduced an innovative way of communication among people and organizations. However, these technologies have had their share of disadvantages due to their disruptive nature. Currently, social ties are threatened because smartphones and other Internet-enabled innovations have disrupted the need for physical interaction among people. Consequently, as this paper reveals, despite creating an avenue for people across the world to interact online and in real-time, these inventions have not only forced individuals to ignore their relationships with others but also compromised issues related to privacy and security. The contemporary technology-dominated society has been introduced to a new norm whereby people in a gathering find themselves focused on their smartphones and tablets, despite the apparent need for initiating a one-on-one dialogue with one another. According to an article by MacLean et al., young people are presented as the most affected class of technology consumers who choose to express themselves through “mobile phone texts, status updates, and chat messages via multiple social networking sites and wireless communication methods” (778) instead of taking the initiative of communicating physically to their friends, peers, and families. As a result, their extensive use of smartphones denies them the opportunity of understanding the way they relate with these groups of people. In the past, instances of relatives marrying each other were rare because many people were familiar with their extended family members because they frequently interacted physically. However, the advent of digital platforms has made it almost impossible for adolescents to recognize their close relatives such as cousins because they hardly interrelate on a face-to-face basis (Dissing et al. 3). As a result, the use of smartphones has ended up ruining family ties because it has eliminated the need for social gatherings where relatives would get a chance to physically meet and socialize with one another. Technology has also compromised the privacy and security of people and institutions. According to Bray, efforts by learning institutions to embrace technologies such as Google Apps for Education (GAFE) have been counterproductive due to claims regarding the unwarranted move to utilize students’ personal information for business gains (38). Individuals and businesses that wish to establish long-term relationships with their clients emphasize the need for ensuring the privacy and security of any information shared. However, with the onset of gadgets such as smartphones, it has been challenging to guarantee information confidentiality not only in the U.S. but also in other countries around the globe. Technology experts have gone ahead to develop software and applications that are capable of retrieving cla
An overview of sales promotions The concept of sales promotion can be best defined in terms of a strategy intended to increase the commercial appeal of a particular product to the targeted category of customers or to retailers that may be potentially interested in distributing this product. Companies most commonly consider a sales promotion as one of the foremost instruments of increasing the extent of their commercial competitiveness within a matter of comparatively short periods. According to Blythe (2003, p. 236), “Its (sales promotion’s) purpose is to create a temporary increase in sales by bringing purchasing decisions forward and adding some immediacy to the decision-making process.” The earlier provided definition suggests that sales promotions may be well considered an integral element of the free-market economy’s proper functioning, since it is namely the consumer’s ability to choose among a number of qualitatively similar but differently named products, which created objective preconditions for the concept of sales promotion to emerge, in the first place. Therefore, there is nothing odd about the fact that it now became a commonplace practice among many economists to think of the sales promotion’s actual purpose as such that is being concerned with adding emotional/perceptional value to the material value of a particular product that is being advertised. As Cummins and Mullins (2008, p. 2) noted, “Of all the marketing tools available to the marketer, sales promotion can most readily be used to give that sense of fun to the customer.” The qualitative nature of sales promotions defines the nature of techniques commonly deployed to increase the commercial appeal of a particular product to potential buyers. The most commonly deployed sales promotion’s techniques can be listed as follows: a) Price deal – buyers are being provided with the opportunity to purchase the desired product at a significantly lower price, b) Reward program – buyers are being encouraged to remain loyal to a particular brand. Most commonly, this is being accomplished by providing buyers with additional incentives to consider their brand-loyalty as such that constitutes a certain monetary value, c) Loss leader – customers are being psychologically manipulated to purchase products at the ‘spur of the moment,’ without paying much attention to the actual rationale of such their purchasing, d) Rebate – customers are being offered money-saving bonuses, in return for their willingness to provide proof of their brand-loyalty. Since the very term ‘promotion’ implies a continual presence of informational/communicational exchanges between sellers, on the one hand, and buyers, on the other, it is also fully explainable why managers in charge of promoting a particular product are being required to pay utter attention towards ensuring the interactive integrity of ongoing advertisement campaigns. In its turn, this explains why, as of today, the potential success of a particular sa
Introduction Nowadays people are living in a scraped and challenging era at an uncertain period in history. The ideologies that rule contemporary society may be going into their last, frantic stages, their “final lap” as Wolf (2007) terms it. The cultural, economic, and political policies of civilization, he claims, are unattainable, in fact, are almost collapsing. Besides Wolf, numerous visionary individuals, including among others Joanna Macy (2006), Derrick Jensen (2006), and Richard Tarnas (2007) have lately affirmed the possible end of ideology, the final lap of an era (Wolf, 2007), possibly even the ultimate end of schooling (Jensen, 2006). In fact, many writers, like Joanna Macy (2006) and Derrick Jensen (2006), have observed that people are familiarizing with one of those exceptional past periods when a basic perspective, the only principle for controlling modernity, crumples and paves the way to an emerging historical period. The key problem facing civilization, according to Wolf (2007), is that people have pushed away personal experiences from the pulses and/or cycles of humanity so as to emphasize selfish power around the globe for temporary benefits. Not only do these alienations make people existentially, mentally, and religiously bereft-troubled, traumatized, forlorn, and scared-but they unleash the horrible hostility of imperialism, majestic, and reserve conflicts. Additionally, the longing for ruling the earth is eventually pointless since nature’s reserve is limited, and people cannot ever use it and reduce it to waste. Political economy, Ideology, and Schooling While people are discussing the topic regarding the founding observers, they might identify what are possibly the most necessary features between school and society –the theory dealing with the isolation of controls. The observers tackled the prospective centralization of country power using an explicit plan-demarcating territory between the authorities that all arms of state could manipulate. Richard Tarnas, an Australian theorist suggested a framework, which integrated the “threefold” culture that likewise partitioned its roles and/or objectives to restrict the centralization of power in only one organization (Tarnas, 2007). Even though Tarnas defended his system based on his obscure religious pedagogy (which I believe is not comprehensible), I have observed that the idea concerning “threefold” rests individually as a discerning theoretical instrument for evaluating and contesting the political views of contemporary schooling. Arguing from my own experience, the three fundamental roles of the cultural sphere are the political economy, ideology, and schooling. The economic sphere, Jefferson cl