ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
A city is a highly populated area that contains the necessary components to make it an attractive destination for workers, families and investors. Cities provide opportunities for residents and it is the main reason why people from the rural areas migrated to these urban centers. Residents believe that they can achieve greater success and happiness if they live in cities as opposed to small towns and rural areas. It is therefore important for the local officials to continually shape cities as attractive destinations for investors and productive members of society. The presence of investors as well as the timely infusion of government funding can enhance the economic and social development of the city. However, a rapid urbanization of cities may create a negative effect and forces residents to relocate. It must be made clear that the combined factors of high population growth, industrialization, breakthroughs in healthcare, and technological developments enable mankind to dominate this planet. The capabilities of men to manipulate natural resources and develop practical solutions to a particular need have made human beings the undisputed ruler of the Earth. Unfortunately, humans find it difficult to reverse the impact of their actions. In the meantime mankind continues to build cities. Centers of commerce act as powerful magnet to draw more inhabitants in an already densely populated area. Rapid urbanization is a sure sign of progress but the degradation of the environment has forced many to flee to suburbs and rural areas to achieve a better quality of life. It is time to reconsider the long term effects of these trends. An Attractive City There are different types of policies that city officials can use to manage their respective cities. One of the most important is developmental policies. According to one commentary “Developmental policies are those local programs which enhance the economic position of a community in its competition with others” (Peterson 41). Developmental policies is a type of policy that can be enacted by city officials in order to strengthen the local economy, improve on the revenue generating base of the city as well as enhance the community’s welfare. This is the popular type of policy that can be ratified by the local law-making body. At first glance it is highly favored by the local residents because it seems that the cost to the community is minimal as compared to the benefits that such type of policies can bring to the city. The first thing to consider is the cost that is brought about by the increase in taxes in order to finance a project. But in other application of developmental policies the cost is linked to the environment. However, in most cases, residents of the city weigh the pros and cons of such projects that come with developmental policies and they find that the short-term as well as long-term impact of the said policies are in their favor (Peterson 41). Consider for a fact the following benefits: new employ
The tenth chapter of Bhagavad Gita is referred to as manifestation of the absolute. In this chapter, the main theme is an attempt by the Supreme Lord to explain his identity which is not known to most people. He says that the Devas and the great sages do not know his origin because he is in fact their origin. This implies that unless the Supreme Lord clearly explains his origin, nobody would be able to understand anything about him. Many people live in bondage under Karma and it is only the acknowledgement that the Supreme Lord is in control of the whole universe that would liberate them. There are many qualities that human beings possess and although they might not be aware of the origin of the qualities, they all emanate from the Supreme Lord. As a result, everybody is supposed to respect and acknowledge him as the source of every good thing and all powers. It is important to understand the manifestations of the Supreme Lord because it is only after this understanding that one can worship him with full devotion. The Supreme Lord liberates those who worship him with devotion and makes them delighted. Arjuna acknowledges that the Supreme Lord is the origin of everything and has immense powers. However, it is difficult for him to understand all his manifestations. This calls for a detailed explanation in order for him to understand the glory and yogic powers of the Supreme Lord. In a bid to make Arjuna understand his different manifestations, the Supreme Lord systematically explains his divine manifestations. The explanation shows how difficult it is to understand him and how he manifests himself to all human beings. He is the beginning, middle and the end of all human beings and abides in the hearts of all of them. All human beings are controlled by an invisible power that helps them to act rationally and make sense of things that happen around them. This is evidently a manifestation of the Supreme Lord in the form of Atma (Prasad, 4). Arjuna is clearly not able to understand the manifestations of the Supreme Lord and that is why he requests him to explain his manifestations in detail. This apparently implies that the Supreme Lord is not explicitly manifested. The most important thing that Arjuna should realize is that the Supreme Lord is manifested in everything that exists. As a result, every time Arjuna tries to look for manifestation of the Supreme Lord, he should expect to see it everywhere. For instance, the Supreme Lord is manifested in animals, trees, alphabetical letters, the armies and bodies of water. In addition, he is manifested in the power of death and procreators. These are just but a few of the divine manifestations of the Supreme Lord. The most import
There is no use denying the fact that psychologist is a specialist who can guarantee normal functioning of an individual and help him/her to get rid of various disorders. Realizing the great importance of the specialist of this sort, a great number of young people decide to choose this sphere as their main occupation and build their career as a psychologist. However, very often their vision of this profession is far from reality. That is why, one of the main tasks of practitioners, who give lectures for a would-be colleague, is to explain all peculiarities of the chosen path and demonstrate the real state of affairs. With this in mind, it is possible to say that the recently obtained information influenced the image of this sphere greatly and introduced some information connected with psychological disorders. Practitioners, who presented the information, spoke mainly about sleep disorders and comorbidity. The information turned out to be very important for young specialists. First of all, it is possible to say that the recognition that being a psychologist means to have a special sort of mind comes. The practitioner stated the fact that he started his investigations in the sphere of sleep since the very beginning of his career and had never stopped since that time. It means that really good specialists had to work during all their life in order to remain competent and be able to help people. Moreover, in order to be able to determine some disorder and follow its development, a specialist has to demonstrate good skills of a researcher and should investigate the issue for a long time. It should also be said that the practitioner managed to provide some information which was unknown earlier. First of all, the idea of a great importance of conferences for specialists, who want to achieve the academic level, was obtained. He stated that it was rather challenging to work sixty hours a week and had some life outside the work. Thus, during the lecture the recognition that collaboration between specialists and patients is necessary as it helps to understand what questions should be asked in order to help people and determine their problems. Additionally, the practitioner outlined the importance of the dimensional approach, which means that the issue should be investigated from various dimensions that could help to understand it better. Moreover, the very important fact is that culture changes the character of disorders. This fact leads to the recognition of the importance of all-round development of a specialist for him/her to be able to understand the main peculiarities of the culture of a patient and create a special approach. With this in mind, having analyzed the main ideas obtained from the given course, it is possible to make a certain conclusion. It should be
Introduction Foreign groups and organizations that are determined by the Secretary of State in the USA (in accordance with section 219 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) as amended), are termed Foreign Terrorist Organizations. Labeling and analyzing identified FTOs is crucial to anticipating, managing, and resolving terrorist activities. Designation of a group as an FTO can curb their ability to function effectively, a form of national “peer pressure”. One such FTO is the Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group (GICM), or as pronounced in Moroccan, Groupe Islamique Combattant Morrocain (GICM). Group ideology The founding philosophy appears to have a two-pronged approach; commitment to the creation of an Islamic State in Morocco; and subjugating the west. This Moroccan organization emerged in the 1990s from the split of another domestic FTO: Shabiba Islamiya. The exact date of establishment of the organization is unknown. Most members appear to be mujahadin who had fought in the Soviet-Afghan war. Targeting Members tend to target Moroccan and Spanish citizens. Dense, urban, central areas, such as Madrid (2007 attack) and Casablanca (2003 attack), are target characteristics. Hence, public places and public transport are primary target locations. Tactics Suicide bombing appears to be the preferred modus operandi . Working with other extremist groups in North Africa, GICM also traffic in weapons and trafficking of falsified documents. Capability Claims have been made of GICM sleeper cells in Britain, Belgium, France, Italy, and Canada (Keating, 2004). Ultimately, their strength is unknown (Federation of American Scientists [FAS], 2007). Bases of operation in Afghanistan; Belgium; Denmark; Egypt; France; Morocco; Spain; Turkey; and the United Kingdom are linked to al-Qaeda as allies and the two groups share members (MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base, 2007). Overall goals G
Introduction The acquisition of capital is a challenge faced by businesses. However, business enterprises can obtain startup funds from venture capital firms. Venture capital focuses mainly on high-risk startup businesses. Often, entrepreneurs seek venture capital once their businesses are operational and need expansion. Venture capitalists, however, prefer to finance high-risk businesses that promise high financial returns (Bart & Mlambo 2008, pp. 33). Nevertheless, venture capital firms usually perform evaluation of new investment opportunities before they decide to invest in a new venture. They use both qualitative and quantitative data in evaluation processes. Nonetheless, their evaluation processes do not yield dependable results. Notably, new ventures do not have relevant revenue and financial performance information that can be used in evaluation processes. Moreover, venture capital firms usually have lean staff. However, they have to evaluate numerous proposals to determine appropriate ones. This affects the productivity of venture capitalists’ staff. This paper presents literature on decision assembly and business evaluation considerations that venture capital firms consider before they finance a project. Literature Review Venture Capital Many entrepreneurs have business ideas but lack the required funds to start business operations. Banks and other debt finance providers can fund business projects that entrepreneurs have. However, these organizations do not fund high-risk businesses. Moreover, they require much information that startup businesses do not have. Hence, entrepreneurs turn to venture capitalists since they focus on high-risk businesses that have high financial rewards. However, the problem that venture capital firms and entrepreneurs face is the determination of the financial viability of an enterprise to be financed. Additionally, there is little academic guidance on the determination of financial viability of an enterprise (Wong 2009, pp. 62). The inadequacy of information on new ventures and the ineffectiveness of venture capital market creates theoretical and economic challenges in valuation of new businesses. Valuation approaches of businesses rely on accounting information. However, new ventures do not have such information. Hence, venture capitalists can use nonfinancial methods to determine whether to invest in a new venture or not. The arrangement of investment markets facilitates the existence of venture capital. Venture capital assists entrepreneurs who do not have adequate capital. The return on capital that they use to finance entrepreneurs is high. The high returns sustain venture capital firms. Additionally, venture capital exists since it attracts entrepreneurs who have business ideas that can be transformed into profitable ventures. Venture capital industry has four main participants. These include entrepreneurs, investors, investment bankers and venture capitalists (Bishop & Ni
Introduction The educational system of a society is fundamental to the development and ultimate advancement of the community. Educators and governments all over the world have acknowledged that the educational structure and practices adopted can have a significant effect on the education of the population. This can lead to significant impact on economic and social outcomes for their citizens. An educational system which yields high results is therefore seen as being essential for a nation’s well being. In a bid to provide effective education, most countries have developed unique educational systems which are as a result of the various cultural backgrounds or even religious orientations of the particular nations. The significance of the culture of the minority to education has in some cases being ignored with negative effects. Johnson and Chhetri assert that multicultural countries have a tendency to implement mass education which results in establishment of the culture of the dominant language uniformly, at the expense of minority culture (142). The Tibetan people of the Tibet Autonomous Region and the Maori of New Zealand are two minority tribes who have had education systems that are not culturally relevant imposed on them. This paper shall set out to compare and contrast the education system of these two tribes starting from 1945. The paper shall begin by giving a brief historical overview so as to put the current situation in context. The progress as well as the struggles that the two tribes face today with regard to education shall also be articulated. Historical Background of the Maori The Maori who were the original inhabitants of New Zealand encountered British settlers through the missionaries who first settled in the country from 1814. The Maori welcomed the missionary settlers since they did not perceive them to be the advance guard of a cultural and economic invasion (May 68). However, the missionaries served to clear the way for a mass immigration of Britons from the English Mainland. The Maori Chiefs relinquished their power to the British through the Treaty of Waitangi [1] which was signed in 1840. This treaty gave Britain property rights and the British rule of law was to apply throughout New Zealand. This event was followed by colonization which was characterized by a policy of assimilation. Speedy assimilation of the Maori was seen as the means by which the natives could be turned into a civilized people. The end product that British hoped to achieve was the assimilation of the natives into normative Britons. Education was to play a central role in the colonial administration’s policy of assimilation. Schools were therefore used as the principle agent of the assimilative process. May reveals that while missionaries initially held a monopoly on the provision of schooling for Maori, the 1847 Education Ordinance encouraged the establishment of industrial boarding schools (70). These schools could be used to exert even greater infl
Telehealth is indeed an excellent solution with the potential of addressing issues such as the shortages of work staff, low accessibility of certain places of residence, and uneven distribution of medical cadres in the United States. The present technology has also proven to be invaluable during an unprecedented time that is the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the administrative challenges described in the discussion posts are not the only issues with telehealth. Indeed, the questions of reimbursement and compensation of telehealth programs are relevant. However, what should not be left out of the discussion is the insufficient evidence base for telehealth’s effectiveness. For instance, Fraiche et al. (2015) show that studies on the subject matter use different strategies, and the findings are sometimes conflicting, which makes developing a common framework challenging. Besides, there is also a psychological aspect of using telehealth technologies. As pointed out by Bull et al. (2016), mistrust is common among users, and it is often a good rapport between the patient and the provider that helps with treatment compliance. Electronic health records (EHR) indeed have the potential to revolutionize health care. The topic starter made excellent points, mentioning the speed and convenience with which data are gathered, stored, and exchanged at a medical facility that uses EHR. Safety stops are also a valuable contribution as they allow for safer medicine administration. Those are not the only benefits of using electronic health records, as recent research has focused on more medical data processing applications. For instance, Goldstein et al. (2016) an opportunity to use data for EHR-based risk prediction. Specific metrics could be selected to determine a patient’s risk for diseases, which would allow care providers to be proactive and address issues before they manifest themselves. Jin et al. (2016) mention a more specific application of health data analysis. They show the ef
Introduction Sexuality involves sexual intercourse in all its forms and includes different social activities. According to Strong, DeVault and Sayad, sexuality is diversified in contemporary America (2005, p. 31). There are various forms of sex which include male and female intercourse, female to female intercourse (lesbians) and male to male intercourse (homosexuals).The most common and accepted sexual behavior is the intercourse between a man and a woman. However, the concept of sexuality varies from one social institution to the other. These institutions may include religion, educational systems and culture. Formal education about sexuality is very important although not everyone gets the chance of being educated. This paper aims to address sexuality education and includes values, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors associated with sex. My Sexuality Education I am a 29 year old lady who is taking a sex and sexuality class. I was eight years old when I first learned about sex and sexual behavior. At that time, my aunt had just delivered a baby boy and I had gone to visit her in the hospital. I was so naïve during those days although I was always inquisitive. I kept on wondering where babies came from and no-one ever told me the truth. Whenever I asked my mother, she would tell me that babies were a gift from the hospital though I was never contented with her answers. I decided to ask my aunt about this mystery that had been bothering me. To my satisfaction, she told me that babies are not gifts but come about through the process of delivery. She explained to me that there has to be an intercourse between a man and a woman before a baby is formed. She was so open with me that she did not mind about my age. As I was growing up, my mother taught me about cultural values, beliefs and attitudes associated with sexuality. I remember I learnt that a respectable lady should not have sexual intercourse with a man before marriage. In as much as a lady interacts with people of the opposite sex, she should avoid any sexual contact with them. I also leant that a lady should behave in a respectable manner whenever she is with people of the opposite sex. This includes how she dresses and handles herself. My aunt always told me to take care of myself because there are men who can ruin my life. I got scared of men because I knew my life would be destroyed if I associated with them. I developed a negative attitude towards men although this was short lived as I realized I was wrong. I realized that of the opposite sex are also our brothers, fathers, uncles, cousins and even friends. The fundamental factor is how a lady behaves in their presence. With the knowledge that my aunt told me about babies, I always knew that sexual behavior is bad because I
Introduction The hunger games was a book written by Suzanne Collins and has been acknowledged and criticized. The play is based on the period when North America government was reduced to Panem country. The disintegration resulted to twelve districts which were controlled by Capitol. The hunger games were held in Capitol annually. Two tributes from both genders were drawn from the twelve districts and engaged in a fight to death. The essay will focus in answering questions that arise in an attempt to review the book. Themes of poverty, social inequality and love are well featured in the book. Further, the essay will relate some of occurrences to the situation in United States. Discussion Theme of inequality runs throughout the book. Capitol controls twelve districts and influences their lives. Katniss lives in a place nicknamed Seam because it harbors poor coal miners. The twelve districts must comply by selecting two tributes to participate in the game. Once a tribute is chosen he or she must go to Capitol. Career tributes come from the rich families and are favored. Career tributes are trained intensively since they come from rich families. Career tributes compete with other tributes from poor families who are not trained. The uncompromised fight to death shows inequality between the authority and subjects. Capitol manipulates wasps and wolves mutants as a way of frustrating tributes from poor families. The change of rules during game shows how Capitol can influence the outcome (Collins 79). Panem is a meritocratic system where success is based on ability and performance. The career tributes yearn for the hunger games since they will be rewarded for their skills. The intense training depicts the importance of reward to the tributes. Katniss and Peeta tell Haymitch to be dedicated in his work so as to ensure they get rewards and sponsorship at the end of the game. Further, tributes are dedicated in killing each other so as to emerge as winners. After Peeta and Katniss are declared winners they are overjoyed because of the rewar