ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
If someone asks me right now what would I die for, I can easily give an answer. Obviously, everyone would say about one’s family and loved people. I completely agree about that. Nevertheless, I would like to look deeper thinking about the things that can make me have willing to die for. English essayist Joseph Addison in his tragedy Cato shows us a great example of the man who would rather die for his ideals than submit the contrary position. It is a very complicated question, indeed. Is it truly possible to compromise yourself, to neglect the own benefits or to give up a part of yourself in order to make something valuable or, vice versa, to please your boss? I believe no one can give an answer instantly. Joseph Addison describes the very interesting principles of the man’s life base on the position of the public benefits’ protection and the readiness to to sacrifice his life to the ideals. The tragedy of Addison was written in 18th century and captured the imagination of a wide range of public. The work had both historical and philosophical significance as well as the main hero Marcus Porcius Cato Uticensis (95-46 B.C.) was a real historical figure who resisted the tyranny of Caesar. The tragedy is based on his last days until the death in order to protect the ideals. Cato is an icon of republicanism and a symbol of Roman republican liberty. Through his work, Addison emphasizes the sociability and sensibility about what is worth for others and spreads the culture of politeness. A dramatic death of “the greatest soul that ever warm’d a Roman breast” shows the meaning of one’s life in the context of the whole country’s existence or perish (Addison). Syphax draws attention to Cato’s “piercing eyes” that can see the essence of things and “discerning our frauds” (Addison). Cato offers his own vision of the universal rule when “a day, an hour, of virtuous liberty is worth a whole eternity in bondage” (Addison). Cato is not afraid to stand against the powerful Caesar even if leads to his death. Isn’t it the noblest end to die for the sake of ideals? History knows many examples of such desperation and courage. However, in the nowadays reality it is difficult to find the person who would die for sure in order to protect some principles and ideas. As for me, I couldn’t stand when I see the injustice. I can’t stand the injustice in my country. I can stand seeing the thousands of unemployed. I can’t stand seeing children suffer. So, I would protect the humanity and my ideals even to the death. I am sure of the each life and voice importance and value. In Act IV, scene 4, Lucius tells Cato about the Caesar’s virtuosity in the humanity and Cato responses that “such popular humanity is treason” (Addison). For Cato, the public benefits are the most valuable issue. Therefore, he is ready to sacrifice his life to freedom’s cause. Cato’s life is an example of Stoic p
Mountains are a great part of nature that create picturesque sceneries and images. The natural formation can be both on land and sea which leads to islands. There are volcanic mountains and tectonic. Some many plants and animals live in the mountains, but some places have very little life. These are covered with snow and are rather high, in conditions that have little oxygen for living organisms to breathe. Generally, mountains are divided into three sections. The smallest mountains are below one thousand kilometers, the medium mountains have a relative height of one or 2 kilometers and up to 3, and there are the highest mountains which are greater than 2 or 3 kilometers. Mountains are formed by volcanic eruptions, and in case it is an underwater magma eruption, islands form. The on-land mountains form by the movement of the Earths’ crust. When two tectonic plates are moving towards each other, they crash into one another, and the place where they meet results in the uplift of the earth. Even though a mountain might seem unchanged, it is being worn down by erosion. Wind, heat and cold, rain and ice all influence the way a mountain looks and how high it is. Glaciers have been known to greatly change how mountains look. The mountains are enormous formations that can cause a change of climate. Because of their height and large area, they are known to block wind and cold or hot weather fronts. This leads to a mild climate that does not fluctuate about different seasons. Even though life can exist on mountains, such as wild goats and cats, the range of conditions beneficial to life is rather small. The higher the elevation, the less life there is. Trees cannot grow on mountains that have great elevation and the same is true for animals because of the impartial air consistency. People have been known to find solitude in the mountains, but the highest mountains have very poor conditions for life, especially with little protection from the UV rays due to lack of oxygen. Mountain climbing and skiing are some of the popular activities that humans engage in.
Edith Wharton wrote several books between 1900 and 1938. Wharton travelled extensively during the World War I and assisted war victims in Paris. Her novel, The Age of Innocence won the Pulitzer price. Critics and readers considered this novel to be the best literary work of Edith Wharton. The novel reflects the desire and betrayal in the old city of New York. Several works of Wharton show extensive use of dramatic irony. Her works reflect the lives of American upper class through the use of humor and empathy in describing their lives, and changes in New York towards the beginning of the 20th century. This essay shall analyze two short stories ( Roman Fever and The Other Two ) of Wharton in terms of themes and stylistic features. Feminist critics have looked at the works of Wharton in relations to prevailing social and political circumstances with regard to acceptance of women. The social aspects focused on marital duties and responsibilities of women, particular in The Other Two and Roman Fever . Wharton looks at the social prejudice against women at her times. For instance, she discusses issues of sexual gratification men derived from women, marriages for convenience, malicious divorce, and professional working relations. She sees sexual identity of women as suppressed by men, and women submissively accepted and internalized their roles in a patriarchal society as the other sex. Women believed lies of men in reference to their sexual and responsibilities in society. It is the social hegemony that creates the otherness in women. Feminists believe that men wish to control women because of their efforts for sexual dominance. Wharton addresses social challenges and advantages women derive from being wives of socially and financially advanced men. Wharton shows that women value social status rather than love. In Roman Fever , Alida Slade derives her happiness from social advantages she gets from Delphin as a wife. For instance, the author notes that “It was a big drop from being the wife of Delphin Slade to being his widow. As the wife of the famous corporation lawyer, always with an international case or two on hand, every day brought its exciting and unexpected obligation: the impromptu entertaining of eminent colleagues from abroad, the hurried dashes on legal business to London, Paris or Rome, where the entertaining was so handsomely reciprocated; the amusement of hearing in her wakes: What, that handsome woman with the good clothes and the eyes is Mrs. Slade—the Slade’s wife! Really! Generally the wives of celebrities are such frumps” (Wharton 83). On the other hand, in The Other Two , Wharton looks at the role and status of women, challenges of married women, childre
People rarely create something for no reason. Houses are built for a purpose, and a life-saving station and a house of refuge in Crane’s novel are no exception. Despite the fact that both a life-saving station and a house of refuge in Crane’s novel seemingly share common features, their distinction comes in full blue when viewed through the lens of different social strata. Even though both of the houses are referred to as the symbol of both physical and spiritual salvation, the shelter where one can survive a storm and at the same time reconcile with the foes: “At these times they were uncanny and sinister in their unblinking scrutiny, and the men hooted angrily at them, telling them to be gone” (Crane), the two houses bear a clear distinction from each other in terms of what exact ideas they embody. It is quite remarkable that the difference between the two houses comes into the limelight as the correspondent, who clearly incorporates the elements of media as the author perceived it, cunning, two-faced and at the same time all-embracing, knowledgeable and resourceful, the cook, who plays the role of a comic relief in the story, strike a conversation: “In disjointed sentences the cook and the correspondent argued as to the difference between a life-saving station and a house of refuge” (Crane). Seeing how the two opponents represent different social roles, with the correspondent obviously being one of the members of the élite, and the cook belonging to a less glorified third class, the opponents offer a very interesting method of differentiating between the two buildings, which is practically based on the structure of a society. Indeed, while for a white-collar that the correspondent is, the difference between the houses lies in the purpose of the houses, i.e., the reason that they were built for: “As I understand them, they are only places where clothes and grub are stored for the benefit of shipwrecked people” (Crane); in his turn, the cook is only able to recognize the difference according to which they are run and organized, as well as the services that they provide: “Houses of refuge don’t have crews” […] “’Oh, yes, they do,’ said the cook” (Crane). Famous Cost Guard Photos n. d. Web. Therefore, the two characters provide two different ways to compare the houses in question. From the point of view of the cook, the houses have solely one difference, which, in fact, may be questionable, seeing how the cook is not quite sure whether the food is provided in both houses or only in the house of the refugees. The given means to compare the houses can be described as a consumerist one, since these are only the services that are under consideration. The correspondent, on the other hand, offers a sociological method to compare the two houses; according to the given method, the key difference concerns the purpose of the two buildings, the Life-saving station being built to provide for people’s needs by offering them a kind of a “bed and board,” while the house of refugees clearly services only one purpose, i.e., off
The Acadians are a group of people who descended from French colonists. This group of people occupied Acadia in the 17 th century the now New France colony comprising of New Brunswick, Maine, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. Today, majority of Quebecois and Acadians speak French despite the fact that Canadians Acadia was colonized by New France which by then was administratively and physically distinct from French colony (James 198). This is the reason why Quebecois and Acadians have two different and distinct cultures and histories. After being forced out of their land by the British in 16 th century, most Acadians went and settled in Cajuns. Nevertheless, despite not occupying their original territory, the spirit of Acadia still exists among those people living in Nova Scotia and this is evident through their cultures, customs, language, music, crafts, history and food. Acadian culture in painting, dancing, handicrafts, cinema, literature, theatre and music began back in the year 1950s and 1960s. Acadians remained isolated culturally because they were sidelined by both economical and geographical factors (Faragher 118). The Acadians had little contact with the outside world. This however helped them in preserving their ancestral cultures, cuisine, speech and oral traditions such as legends, stories and songs. However things changed for this group of people in mid-20 th century. This paper mainly analyzes the major culture of Acadians in Cape Breton in Nova Scotia Canada. Music There exists an old saying stating that Acadians people are born with songs and music which is believed to be running in their veins and fingertips (Jobb 100). The Acadians who lived in the previous generations left several instruments to proof the saying. The current generation has also continued to shine in music and songs. Some of the famous and notable musicians and singers with Acadian origin and hailed from Nova Scotia include: Arthur LeBlanc, Eugene Lapierre, Benoit Poirier, Paul Saulnier, Philip d’Eon, Kenneth Saulnier, Johnny Aucoin, Elio LeBlanc Donald Deschenes, Charlotte Cormier, Laura Gaudet, Anna Malenfant and Roland Gauvin among many others. Today, young singers from Acadia have continued to compete and win many awards in both France and Quebec. Recently, Acadian parishes in Nova Scotia managed to compose and support a good church choir which presented the nation. In the past, brass band was common among earlier school boys in Nova Scotia for example among those who were in Sainte-Anne College and Saint-Joseph College. Today, singing is a key activity in schools located in Nova Scotia. There is choral for the Acadian society which has done well in recording songs. Se
Introduction The theory of cognitive development stems from the different stages under which a child develops and how he perceives the world at that stage. The person credited with one of the studies about cognitive development theories was Jean Piaget (1896 – 1980). He divided the schemes that children use to understand the world into four major stages (Huitt & Hummel, 2003):   * Sensory-motor period (children of 0- 2 years)   * Preoperational period (2 – 7 years)   * Concrete operational period (7 – 11 years)   * Formal operational period (11 years and above) In the sensorimotor period, the child’s actions are mostly reflex in nature. The reflex development actions may include sucking of objects, following objects with eyes, and even clasping the objects. After the reflex developments, a child undergoes a second stage within the sensorimotor stage. This is habitual development. In this stage, a child will develop certain habits, which are done repeatedly. This stage leads to the secondary circular stage that a child will develop the ability to coordinate his actions and the pretensions of the actions. At this stage, a child can perform certain actions repeatedly and also be able to differentiate the means of doing actions. The stage that follows is when a child develops logic to coordinate the secondary actions. This stage leads to the stage where a child tries to experiment with things i.e. the new means to which he can meet the ends. And, finally, the stage within sensorimotor is when a child develops the issue of trial and error in his actions. The preoperational period can well be determined by how a child can mentally act on objects. This period may include processes such as:   * Symbolic functioning: – in this process, a child can represent an object that is not physically present by the use of mental words, symbols, or objects.   * Centration: – this stage characterizes a stage at which a child concentrates on only one stimulus or action.   * Interactive thoughts: – a stage that a child believes in action without knowing why he/she has that belief.   * Egocentric: – this stage is when a child sees an object in his version and not any other version. For instance, a child who is left in the house alone might do a certain thing and think that no one will know since he is alone in the house.   * Inability to conserve: – In this stage, it is perceived that a child is not able to conserve mass, volume, and number after the original has changed. This can be demonstrated by what a child may perceive to be correct according to her teacher’s teaching and not otherwise what the parent says.   * Animism: – in this stage, a child plays with objects such as dolls believing that such objects have lifelike qualities and can act. The concrete operational stage characterizes a stage that a child uses logic appropriately. The stage includes processes such as:   * Seriation: – In this process, a child can analyze objects according to certain characteristics, for instance, according to certain colors or s
1. One of the policies that currently affect me is about the disclosure and treatment of my patient records, should I undergo treatment in a university hospital. As the university would not directly provide me with this type of healthcare, it would not be considered an “educational record” or “treatment record,” thus not eligible for being affected by FERPA (FERPA, n.d.). HIPAA, on the other hand, would still be applied, as it affects all medical records (HIPAA, n.d.).  2. The policy regarding the privacy of a minor’s healthcare records is subjected to FERPA and HIPAA rules as well. According to FERPA, parental consent is required to share or utilize these records, except for instances when to report child abuse and allow access to parents for inspection and review. As a minor is not treated as a full-fledged citizen, the majority of the decisions are made by parents or guardians (“FERPA, HIPAA,” n.d.).  3. Data destruction is the final stage in the data life cycle. Data is destroyed primarily to free up space for new data, to protect the customer or the patient, and upon request. In the first instance, data is not erased, enabling it to restore it within a period. In the second instance, data destruction is absolute. The conditions for the third instance vary, as data can be either destroyed or allow venues for its restoration (PTAC, n.d.).  4. Social media sites, such as Youtube, Youtube Kids, Facebook, and others, have many issues regarding data privacy. The main reason for that is the inability to destroy hardware. Data is very resilient to both mechanical and digital types of erasing (PTAC, n.d.). As such, it can be recovered, which causes issues when individuals want their data destroyed.
Introduction International environment demands unique and carefully selected strategies for MNEs in order to compete with national corporations and meet unique cultural values of a target population. McDonald’s Inc is a leading fast food chain operating in 119 countries. The restaurant business provides an example of product-market structure. The need, or interest, is eating out, where various aspects of the meal are provided for the customer, including menu selection, food preparation, and cleanup. The generic class of products available to satisfy this need is restaurants. In turn, the restaurant class is comprised of different subclasses of restaurants such as fast food, family, and atmosphere restaurants. Each restaurant subclass may, in turn, be further broken down into specific types of restaurants such as fast food hamburger, pizza, and chicken restaurants. Notice that each restaurant type is, in reality, a rather unique way to meet the underlying consumer need. That is, each restaurant type provides a unique and different combination of benefits and costs. Thus, customers must choose which benefit/cost combination is best for them. The first restaurant was opened in 1956. This year marked the emergence of fast food industry and new food services provided for millions of customers daily. In the early fifties, McDonald and his brother, Maurice (Mac), introduced the Golden Arches concept and began selling McDonald franchises. Soon after, Burger King and Kentucky Fried Chicken also opened as fast-food restaurants. Societal changes are influencing how, where, and when people eat. Perhaps the most profound change is the increased number of households that consist of two working parents, a single parent, or all working adults. As a result of these changes in family structure and lifestyle, there are increasing trends toward more meals eaten in restaurants, more foods eaten at home which have been prepared elsewhere, and a greater use of convenience items in foods prepared at home. The popularity of fast food stems from many factors: reduced time for food preparation, with more women in the work force; a greater number of people who live alone and lack the incentive to cook for themselves; less formal lifestyles; convenience of fast-food restaurants; increased amount of disposable income; and increased opportunities for recreation and travel. Additionally, there is increased awareness of fast foods due to extensive advertising, and Americans simply like fast foods, and the prices are relatively reasonable. “In 1965 McDonald’s went
While public companies are legally mandated to have an official code of conduct, it might be argued that any company that wants to operate efficiently should implement a code of ethics. Establishing norms and responsibilities of an organization is essential when creating a company culture. It is especially important in a scenario of two or more companies merging as it helps to navigate new regulations. A code of conduct serves a reference for employees on the company’s expectations and consequences for employees if they fail to meet them. Outlining rules and obligations for employees reduces the likelihood of them not being aware of certain norms. A code of conduct is also integral as an instrument for risk mitigation. From a marketing standpoint, a detailed ethical code bonds a company’s intent to operate with integrity. It creates a positive reputation and a high level of credibility, which affects the way customers and potential clients view the company. A code of conduct presented by Levi Strauss & Co. does a great job of explaining the company’s principles and values. From the start, it is stated that “obeying the law is the starting point” for the company and the way they do business (Levi Strauss & Co., 2017). Thus, the company demonstrates that customers, employees, and partners can trust and rely on its services. The company’s code focuses primarily on inner workings and operations within a corporate system discussing conflicts of interest, disciplinary actions, and insider trading. Levi Strauss & Co. takes a modern approach and focuses in detail on their values and ethical principles. For example, in order to create a safe and fair work environment for every employee, the company obliges to have zero tolerance for harassment and discrimination (Levi Strauss & Co., 2017). Specific rules and regulations are in place to protect the well-being of employees as well. According to Levi Strauss & Co., personal information of employees is highly sensitive and confidential (2017). The company’s code of conduct also incorporates their perspective on public relations and working with the media. It includes all the essential parts of an effective code of ethics and provides both employees and potential investors with the opportunity to make sure of the company’s stance on key issues regarding inner corporate operations and communications with the public. Reference Levi Strauss & Co. (2017). Worldwide code of business conduct . San Francisco, CA: Author.