ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Definition and Overview Cultural appropriation is one of the most commonly discussed topics and in many cases, it results in heated arguments about what should and what should not be considered as an act of cultural appropriation. As defined by Oxford Reference, cultural appropriation is defined as “taking over of creative or artistic forms, themes, or practices by one cultural group from another. It is in general used to describe Western appropriations of non‐Western or non‐white forms and carries connotations of exploitation and dominance” (par. 1). However, this definition is rather general and creates an illusion that nothing created by one culture should be used or borrowed by the representatives of another culture. Jenni Avins narrows down this definition saying that cultural appropriation is only the case when the source culture is mocked or diminished in a certain way (par. 10). In other words, when the borrowed cultural attributes are worn so that they shape a stereotypical image offensive to the culture they come from – this is the act of cultural appropriation. Example of Cultural Appropriation One of the recent music videos by Katy Perry could be considered as cultural appropriation. The song is called “Dark Horse” and the video is done in ancient Egypt-style where all the actors and dancers and Perry herself are wearing very stereotypical costumes and makeup; the setting and the scenes are arranged accordingly and depict ancient Egyptian gods parodying royalty of that time. The entire video is a collection of commonly recognized stereotypes of the Egyptian culture, and needless to say that the vast majority of people in it are not Egyptian. This example should be considered as cultural appropriation because it presents a section of cultural stereotypes used mockingly by the representatives of other cultures. Acceptable Use of Cultural Symbols In my opinion, one good example of the acceptable use of cultural symbols is that of the film Serenity by Joss Whedon. Made in the early 2000s, the film depicts a distant future, and among many new features of the world centuries from now, there is the fusion of cultures. In particular, Whedon’s idea was to demonstrate the domination of Asian cultures as a result of the mixture. That is why the movie portrays the cities that look similar to the modern metropolises in Japan, hair, and dress styles with elements of kimonos and traditional Chinese and Japanese hairdos. The dancers at a bar perform dances with fans similar to those that can be found in many Asian cultures. The elements and attributes of various Asian cultures are borrowed for the depiction of Whedon’s fictional universe, but they are used in a non-stereotypical manner and are mainly applied to create a fusion image but not assemble a stereotype of a “typical Asian”. I believe that this a
Introduction Recruitment is a managerial function which requires analysis of the type of the job available in order to determine the skills and qualifications of the individuals. The selected people must be suitably qualified and proficient to perform the specific job involved. In this case, organizations may either recruit the employees by themselves, or hire professional recruitment bodies to do it for them. In both cases, the criteria applied on the process of recruiting the employees are the same. The employees being recruited are screened on whether they are suitably qualified for the job, in order to enhance efficiency and effectiveness in their positions in the organization (Xander, 2010). Screening of Online Applications Sheppard (2010) observes that many organizational managers are resorting to online screening of their candidates before hiring the applicants on the basis of the information contained in their resumes and CVs. This has been made possible by the availability of on line recruitment agencies that have databases for resumes and CVs. More importantly, the rise of social online sites such as face book and blogs has brought significant change in recruitment processes among employers. As it has been revealed, information about individuals can be accessed at free will from these sites. In a survey commissioned by Microsoft, surveyed US managers revealed that; more than 80% recruitments done in US use online screening of job application documents. In addition, 75% of US employments are reported to have been following their company formal policies which require candidates to have their information be available on online sites. However, ethical issues have been raised concerning this act of providing private information on online sites. Specifically, some online data may be personal and beyond professionalism; which may lead to the disqualification of proficient and competent candidates in some companies and organizations. More over, recruitment professionals differ in what information they consider. In the next five years, Sheppard (2010) observes that online reputation data and its use will increase significantly in recruitment. Challenges Facing Recruiters Consequently, applicants will be faced by a new challenge; where not just the professional qualifications will be considered but also their social lives using free and voluntarily displayed information on their social site accounts profiles. Even though there are no specific laws forbidding recruiters from using such information to disqualify candidates, it is expected that; recruitment professionals may find themselves at losses of facing lawsuits to explain the disqualification criteria used. It is generally agreed that it would be unethical to disqualify a candidate on his/her social life grounds if he she is adequately qualified to hold the position applied for (Cottell, 2010). On this basis, recruitment professional may have to be faced by the daunting task of explaining ho such social traits as may be gotten from social sites will negatively affect the duties of the job vacancy. As it has been observed by Cottell (2010), social networks are private and are not gate
Universal design for learning is focused on a central idea that all students should be able to interact with the environments effectively. Applying this idea to the contemporary education, we can conclude that it is aimed at providing all students, including those with disabilities, to be able to get a quality education. In recent years, the use of technology and AT devices to support the learning needs of students with disabilities has received great attention, “as stated in 300.308, each school district is required to insure that assistive technology devices and services are provided if needed” (Reed & Lahm, 2004). Technology is used to support learners with disabilities and improve their functional capabilities. A special need learner, Jamie, needs assistive technology (AT) to become more successful in his education and become more creative and independent. In this paper, we will provide an evaluation of Jamie’s abilities and needs for the AT using the checklist available from the Wisconsin Assistive Technology Initiative and determine recommendations to improve his performance. An evaluation of the special needs learner According to Beard, Carpenter & Johnston (2011), “AT devises must be a consideration for the transition plan and must be provided if the IEP team considers it necessary and appropriate for the student’s success as a learner.”. To consider Jamie’s need for assistive technology, we should evaluate the potential of assistive technology. Thus, we must define what assistive technology must be useful for the learner and whether he needs this particular technology. In the checklist, the AT categories are arranged from in a hierarchy from the simplest to more difficult. Considering the fact of Jamie’s disability and that it has no severe form, we can choose from less difficult AT devices. Thus, “SEATING, POSITIONING, AND MOBILITY: tools are not needed as Jamie’s disability is related to the brain disorder called dyslexia. Thus, we have to choose from the AT that can help overcome difficulties related to the phonological challenges. Word processing software and Use of pictures/symbols with text and pen scanner might be useful. To overcome the problem to recognize long numbers, a Talking calculator can be used. Recommendation The recommendations that we are going to provide are based on methods and potential barriers and missed opportunities related to the learning goal and standard. Thus, AS soon as an AT is successfully integrated into Jamie’s curriculum, he can be more successful and independent in his pe
November 10th, 1923 Yesterday, our attempt to seize the power in Germany failed. Beer Hall Putsch that we organized was supposed to proclaim the beginning of a national revolution in the country. Together with more than six hundred people supporting me, I tried to explain my opinion on further development o the country to ones from our government. Even though we were armed our attempt was not successful – common people were not ready to support us. January 30th, 1933 Today is a great day as I have found the road to real power. Now, everyone knows that ideas that my people support deserve attention, and this is why everything is going to change. Today, I became the Chancellor of Germany and it means that I am going to change the way other people see our country. Germany will no longer be in ruin. June 30th, 1934 The acme of power involves making important but difficult decisions. Today, we are going to conduct Operation Hummingbird to estrange those who do not want us to be the primary political power. Rohm and his supporters must be planning to drive us from office but all betrayers will be punished (Wilcox 217). November 10th, 1938 Ernst vom Rath was killed in Paris by one of the Jewish people yesterday, and such an act will not be forgiven. I feel that there is a need to show them what happens when they dare to do something like that. Today, I gave a command to start Kristallnacht that Jews will remember for a long time (Dean 385). April 30th, 1945 Today is one of the most disappointing days in my life – there is no hope that something will change for the better. The war is lost and Red Army is already in Berlin. If I was supposed to summarize everything that has happened recently, I would say that my dreams about the new world order were not destined to come true. Ones who deserve my trust should understand that there is only one way out for me and Eva. Goodbye, Germany! Works Cited Dean, Martin. “Kreutzmuller, Christoph. Final Sale in Berlin: The Destruction of Jewish Commercial Activity, 1930-1945.” The German Quarterly , vol. 89, no. 3, 2016, pp. 385-387. Wilcox, Clifton. The Rise of the Nazi SS. Xlibris Corporation, 2015.
Introduction The Black-Scholes pricing model was established by Black and Scholes for estimating the option value. It is used by stock traders to determine the value of the options in the market. These options can either be calls or puts. This paper will explore the six inputs in the Black-Scholes pricing model, describe the important concepts of Delta, Gamma, and Vega and give an analysis of how the six inputs affect the call and put options. The Six Inputs The Black-Scholes option-pricing model was introduced in 1973 by Black and Scholes. This model values European call options on non-dividend-paying stocks. It gives an illustration of the pricing of an option. In the past option, prices were determined randomly but with the introduction of the Black-Scholes pricing model, option prices can be determined rationally. This model has been modified to fit options on bonds, dividend-paying stocks, indexes, commodities among other optionable instruments. The option pricing models used today have different means but realize the same result. Six inputs are considered in the Black-Scholes pricing model to generate a theoretical value: strike price, interest rate, dividends, expiration time, stock price, and volatility (Daigler, 1994). In a free market, option price is determined by forces of demand and supply which affect the values of the six inputs. Five of these inputs are dynamic and one is constant (strike price). The five inputs determine the variation in the option price. They are independent of each other but can change harmoniously resulting in an increasing or net effect on the value of the option. Options traders have to understand the relationship that exists between these variable inputs such as interest, price, and time. Delta According to Shaw (2002), options traders use five figures which are represented by Greek letters: delta, gamma, theta, vega, rho, and delta. These figures are called option Greeks although some of them are not from the Greek alphabet for example Vega. The figures are one of the products of option pricing model and each symbolizes a precise sensitivity that influences the option value. Delta can be defined as the rate of change of the value of an option in respect to changes in the stock price. It can also be defined as the estimate of the possibility of the expiration of an option or the derivative of the graph of an option value about the stock price. In simple terms, delta can be said to be the rate of change in the value of an option as a result of a change in the security price and is expressed as a percentage (Kolb, 2003). An option with 60 deltas implies that if the stock price changes, the valu
Lesson Plan Introduction: The topic of the lesson in Biology is “What Evidence Shows that Different Species Are Related?”. It is designed to support teachers and students through an educational process by providing clear instructions, objectives, material, and activities that can help 14-15-year-old students learn better the world of Biology and the variety of species that exist around. Key Concepts: Evolution, a variety of species, differences and similarities, the relationship between species, fossils. Objectives: Students should demonstrate their communicative skills and abilities to comprehend how different species can be related; students learn more about the evidence for evolution and discuss the material that has to observe; students try to share their opinions and compare them before and after new material is offered; students compare their predictions and analyze the results got. Material: a video presentation is taken from youtube.com (11min, 21 sec); a table with a list of evidence for the connection between species; several books that are required for reading, the cards with the evidence for evolution list. Activities, Instructions, and Expectations : The following table introduces the activities that can be offered to students. Activities                                                                                     Instructions                                                                                                                                                  Expectations                                                                                                                       Welcome to Evolution: Students are introduced with a topic                                     Students share their thoughts about evidence for evolution, what they know about evolution, which species they can identify.                                  Students develop their creative skills and clarify what they know and what they want to know.                                      Differences of Species: A teacher identifies the main aspects of the topic                     Students listen to the teacher and make notes about evolution and a variety of species.                                                                       Students underline the main issues that can be discussed.                                                                          Evidence for Evolution: Part I: Students watch a video (“What Is the Evidence for Evolution”)  Students should make some notes to remember the main points in the list of evidence for evolution                                                             Students listen to the information carefully and learn new simple facts about evolution.                                           Evidence for Evolution: Part II: Students discuss a video                                      Students share their opinions about the video watched and answer simple teacher’s questions.                                                                  Students demonstrate their analytical skills and their abilities to analyze new material in groups.
Walmart is one of the largest multinational corporations, which uses its public relations (PR) in order to establish its brand and influence public opinion regarding the company. As many other big corporations, Walmart faces constant challenges in form of labor unions, who aggressively criticize the company for lower wages and poor working conditions. Therefore, Walmart is eager to utilize all available tools in order to advance its public perception in a positive light. Social media usage is another critical aspect of the company’s public relations strategy that needs to be considered. Walmart is also in tight competition with its major competitors, such as Target. However, the company is a for-profit organization, which uses its PR to enhance its overall brand image in the market. The latter approach is different in the case of non-profit organizations, which primarily uses its public relations to spread the message and advance its social purpose. Thus, in the case of Walmart, the company uses its public relations team to defend its brand identity from numerous attacks of its competitors and unions where social media is becoming more necessary. Walmart is one of the well-known and distinct companies of corporate America, which means that the company is always at the center of attention. It already possesses a strong brand identity allowing it to be a leader among retail sector units. Therefore, Walmart is in front of advancing and preserving its reputation and influencing public opinion. One of the key approaches used in Walmart is a strategic charitable giving, which not only improves its public relations in the local area but also countrywide (Qian, 2015). The company is a proponent of using social media to be more reciprocal with the public, which also preserves its brand image. Being a top company in its sector, Walmart needs to be innovative with its public relations methods. It is stated that social media can greatly enhance a company’s public relations (Valentini, 2015). Walmart is currently present in all social media platforms, where the main goal is to have access to a wide range of groups. It is stated that social media role might be used in conjunction with public relations campaigns (Golan, 2019). Walmart uses major platforms, such as Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, and Google+, to not only advance its public relations but also improve its marketing. Nevertheless, Walmart is always faced with various challenges originating from a number of source
In Casino resort hotels the main objective of the business is to support the gambling related activities in the creation of a luxurious environment. These hotels are commonly located in unique places such as the mountain areas, islands, and in exotic locations away from the cities. Besides the hotel services and gambling, they also make money through recreational facilities and sceneries including luxurious games such as golf, tennis, sailing, skiing, and swimming just to mention but a few. The guest visiting Casino Resort Hotel places always come out with newly created memorable experiences that make them make a repeat to the hotels on any other occasion. On the other hand, business hotels are primarily focused on the hotel business services which exempt some of the luxurious activities provided by the Casino Resort Hotels as mentioned above. Business hotels are in most cases situated in downtown or business districts with the purpose of attending to travelers. However, some other groups such as individual tourists, people willing to carry out some conference etc are also prone to business hotels. The management of this class of hotels makes it interesting to their clients by offering newspapers, morning coffee, free local telephoning, and breakfast. The fact that businesses hotels mainly accommodate business clients, it managements in most cases provide them with facilities to access business centre such as personal computers, Wi-Fi and fax machines. This is unlike the Casino Resort Hotels where the clients are in most cases are either out for vacations, enjoying a humble time with their loved ones or friends, or simply killing time by attending to their desired hobbies. For this reason Casino Resort Hotels are preferably located outside towns unlike the Business Hotels which are mainly located within the central business districts. Their placement however enables their clients to enjoy a humble time free from a busy environment and traffic jams thus giving clients enough space to enjoy themselves and even hold their family or business meetings or parties freely as it may be required with them. This is unlike the placement of Business Hotels which primarily allows their clients to have an easy task accessing transportation and information to carry out their business mandates. Living in the surroundings of the town also makes it possible for their customers to book in their business partners on a more formal business environment. Moreover, Business Hotels may have targeted clients depending on the type of business category the hotel is being run. For instance the suit business hotels are business hotel types whereby the main focus of the business is the guest rooms with a furnished living and a bedroom. This focus makes the management of these kinds of business disinterested in the creation of public areas for their guests since they already have more than enough space in their rooms to for recreation. This is bearing in mind that most of the clients in this business are professionals such as