ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
What is Qualitative Research? The difference between qualitative and quantitative research studies is actually pretty straightforward, quantitative research focuses primarily on numerical analysis and statistics (Lipscomb, 2012). It is usually utilized as a means of examining the question “how much”. This entails attributes that can be assigned/ classified to a particular population based on the results of the research (Lipscomb, 2012). For example, quantitative research designs can examine how many instances of obesity have occurred within a particular population and how does this correlate with the general accessibility of fast food restaurants within a given area (Lipscomb, 2012). Qualitative research on the other hand is more exploratory in that it tries to examine and explain particular aspects of a scenario through a more in-depth method of examination (Bansal & Corley, 2012). While it is applicable to numerous disciplines, it is normally applied to instances which attempt to explain human behavior and the varying factors that influence and govern such behaviors into forming what they are at the present (Bansal & Corley, 2012). Thus, it can be stated that qualitative research focuses more on exploring various aspects of an issue, developing an understanding of phenomena within an appropriate context and answering questions inherent to the issue being examined (Branthwaite & Patterson, 2012). From a certain perspective, it can be stated that a qualitative research design attempts to answer the question “why” (Shuval et al., 2011). For example, instead of trying to determine the amount of obese people within a given sample, a qualitative research design would attempt to answer what particular behavioral or social attributes cause people to become obese in the first place (Shuval et al., 2011). As such, a qualitative research design attempts to be more exploratory in its approach rather than the more “black and white” nature that can be found in quantitative methods of examination (Moore, 2012). What is Self-study Research? In essence, self-study research is a methodological practice that is characterized by the way in which the role of the “self” is examined within the context of the research project. This is done in correlation with an examination of the “space” between the researcher and the practice being engaged in (Samaras, 2010). Basically, it is a means of written self-reflection from which contextual data related to particular psychological issues being examined are recorded. After which they are analyzed in order to develop an understanding regarding particular predilections and “tensions” within the researcher which are related to various contexts in biography and history (Casey, 2012). At the present, self-study research has been considered an adequate means of approaching various psychological studies due to its overall compatibility with action research and the fact that self-study research utilizes a variety of qualitative methodologies in order to explore v
Branding Strategy The developed name for the company is Memorable Moments, a full-service event planning company that provides décor, catering, and venue security services. The name Memorable Moments suggests that clients will experience memorable moments of their lives if they hire the company as a service provider for their parties. The logo for the company should be recognizable but fitting into the aesthetic of the event planning industry, which focuses on the latest trends in social media and graphic design. The suggested logo can look something like the image below: The slogan for Memorable Moments should represent what the company offers to customers as well as what it stands for as a business: “Memorable Moments: making your dreams come to life with every celebration.” Based on the fact that the company tightly cooperates with florists and flower shops to design unique centerpieces and décor for parties, the brand extension for Memorable Moments can be a flower delivery service that will employ the most creative florists to design beautiful bouquets for any occasion. Marketing Strategy The marketing strategy for Memorable Moments will be focused predominantly on capturing the attention of the online community since the company needs to reach as many people as possible, and the Internet is the most effective tool for doing so. First, the company will create a website where it will list the services it provides as well as corresponding prices to practice trust and transparency with clients. Second, Memorable Moments will create social media profiles to reach customers on the go. The company will encourage clients who already received services to leave feedback and post photos to their social media with tags so that potential customers see that Memorable Moments values its clients. Moreover, it is also important to offer discounts and promotional codes for subscribing and following; in this way, potential customers will be encouraged to buy the offered services (Keller, 2010). The appropriate timetable for the plan implementation will include the following steps: 1  Preview of the marketing plan                                                January 1st – 15th           2  Hiring personnel (graphic designers, social media and marketing specialist)  January 15th – February 15th 3  Designing of the website, logo, slogan                                       February 1st – March 1st     4  Creating social media profiles                                               February 15th – March 1st    5  Marketing processes                                                          February 15th – onward        The timetable for the marketing plan suggests
One of the most shocking videos that I have watched so far is the PBS documentary “NOVA: Inside the Megastorm.” It showcased the impact that increasingly strong hurricanes have had on the U.S. and how storms have been growing stronger over the past decade. One of my assumptions regarding the increase in strong storm weather is connected to the sheer amount of pollution that has been released into the atmosphere, which has contributed towards, making storms stronger and deadlier. It is based on this that I advocate that people should start “going green” (i.e. becoming more environmentally conscious. However, the concept of going green is based on the process of altering approaches towards the consumption and utilization of resources. If more middle to high-income workers within the USA were to use public methods of transportation, instead of their cards, the amount of carbon dioxide in America’s atmosphere could be cut by 40 percent. Such a reduction could have considerable benefits for the local population of the USA in terms of reducing the number of health-related issues connected to carbon dioxide inhalation, the smog that appears in cities such as New York and helps to prevent the adverse weather patterns brought about by carbon dioxide in the air.
After a patient with cardiorespiratory issues is discharged from the hospital, it is of paramount importance to secure a proper rehabilitation period for the patient in order to avoid recurrent cardiorespiratory challenges. For this reason, there exists a series of resources for nonacute care designed specifically for cardiac and respiratory rehabilitation at home. Thus, according to Johnson (2018), durable medical equipment is a primary resource for nonacute care, as it presupposes the presence of resources for mobility assistance such as walkers or wheelchairs and oxygen supply. Another resource is medication follow-up, as it is imperative to make sure the patients receive sufficient and continuous treatment. Transportation and living conditions are other nonacute resources vital for both cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation patients, as the patient’s access to medical facilities and their at-home inclusive conditions for mobility is crucial to one’s recovery. As for cardiac rehabilitation proper, it is necessary to establish a bridge to patient autonomy by providing them with education on the matter of self-management after the disease is presented by a team of professionals. The same applies to respiratory rehabilitation, as medical professionals are to make sure that the patients do their best to exercise their lungs in a controlled environment to promote self-management and rapid recovery (Johnson, 2018). Finally, for working patients, it is of utmost importance to make sure that they have sufficient time off for rehabilitation. If people are unable to avoid the workload for a long time, it is obligatory to modify the patterns of workload and physical activity at work during the first months of return (Johnson, 2018). Hence, taking all of the resources for nonacute care into consideration, it may be concluded that their primary reason is to secure a smooth transition into self-management with minimal risk of readmission. Reference Johnson, R. A. (2018). Cardiorespiratory complexities . In Pathophysiology clinical applications for client health (Grand Canyon University, E-book). Web.
CRISPR/Cas9 is a new technology for editing the genomes of higher organisms based on the immune system of bacteria. The basis of this system is special sections of bacterial DNA, short palindromic cluster repeats, or CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats). Between identical repeats, DNA fragments are distinguished from each other – spacers, many of which correspond to parts of the genomes of viruses that parasitize this bacterium. When a virus enters a bacterial cell, it is detected using specialized Cas proteins (CRISPR-associated sequence) associated with CRISPR RNA. If a virus fragment is recorded in the CRISPR RNA spacer, Cas proteins cut viral DNA and destroy it, protecting the cell from infection. At the beginning of 2013, several groups of scientists showed that CRISPR/Cas systems could work not only in bacterial cells but also in cells of higher organisms, which means that CRISPR / Cas systems make it possible to correct incorrect gene sequences and thus treat human hereditary diseases. Biochemistry of CRISPR/Cas9 In order to fix the problems or “wrong” gene, a very precise molecular scalpel is needed that can find the mutant nucleotide sequence and can cut it out of DNA. Cas9 is such a scalpel, and with the help of the RNA guide, the series of which coincides with the desired location, it can introduce a gap in the desired area of the genome. Recognition of the target occurs on a site with a length of 20-30 nucleotides (Katz & Pitts, 2017). On average, sequences of this length are found in the human genome once, which allows for accuracy. A cell will not die from a DNA break since it will be corrected by a healthy copy from a paired chromosome due to the natural process of DNA repair. If there is no paired chromosome, as in the case of hemophilia, a portion of the correct gene can be added to the cell simultaneously with Cas9 and the RNA guide and use as a matrix to heal the introduced gap. Using CRISPR/Cas9, a researcher can do multiplex editing of several incorrect genes at once. In order to do this, one must enter the Cas9 protein and several different RNA guides. Each of them will direct Cas9 to its own target, and together they will eliminate the genetic problem. In general, the described mechanism functions due to the principle of complementarity of double-stranded DNA (Chapman, Gillum, & Kiani, 2017). DNA double helix chains recognize each other according to the rules of complementarity. CRISPR RNA identifies its targets in double-stranded DNA in the same way, thus forming an unusual structure containing a double-stranded region of mutually complementary RNAs and one of the target DNA strands, and the other DNA strand will be extruded. Impact and Implication First of all, with the help of CRISPR/Cas9, people will be able to treat simple, monogenic genetic diseases such as hemophilia, cystic fibrosis, and leukemia. In these cases, it is clear what needs to be edited, but there are diseases with
Introduction The art of photography is probably one of the most amazing and tempting ways of expressing human feelings, thoughts, emotions, and even hopes. In comparison to other arts like painting of sculpture where people have a direct contact to what they are doing, the work of photographs seems to be separate because it is impossible to have that direct contact to a subject by means of the camera. Photography reached its popularity and necessity during the period of Modern Age when people get an opportunity to keep pictures and to remember a person, event, or date on them. With the help of photography, it becomes possible to capture special moments keep them for a long period of time. One of the possible types of photography is post-mortem that is characterized by the images of people who have recently deceased. On the one hand, it is hard to comprehend the essence and the necessity of this photography art, and on the other hand, a deep analysis proves that such images help to re-evaluate this life and discover some other important aspects. Post-mortem photography reflects considerably the way of how people comprehend the essence of this world with its beauties and shortages; the photo of a dead person has a number of functions which aim at helping people discover the truth. Social and cultural functions of post-mortem photography The point about the art of photography is that much could be done to photos, and people enjoyed the possibility to control these powerful and innovative means. There has never been another means of art that can easily substitute photography and cover the essence of a being with precise precision of a fraction and basically manifest in a physical memory of the being (Hirsch 49). Photography has many different names and explanations, but one of the most popular ones was the idea by Holmes who called it as a mirror with a human memory. The art of photography was invented by Louis Daguerre in the 18 th century; this invention promoted the representatives of the middle class family with an opportunity to memorize the events and people and not to spend so much time and many efforts to on painting. Within a short period of time, this idea gained popularity in the Europe and rapidly spread to the United State. Unfortunately, society faced a considerably amount of problems connected to human death. The reasons of mortality were difficult to define, this is why those people involved into the science of photography made an attempt to unite this challenge with photos. These attempts gave birth to the post-mortem photography (Hanno 18). The history of this form of memorial photograph or the daguerreotype as early called can be dated back to the 18 th century (Stange 144). The mourning industry as well as the sphere of photography in the 19 th -20 th century b
The 19 th century was a time of rapid technological, social, and cultural development. Few processes have transformed society as much as the Industrial Revolution with its staggering impact on the ways in which people worked and lived. These rapid economic and technological changes went hand in hand with artistic developments that explored new topics and forms of creative expression. Overall, the Industrial Revolution was crucial for the emergence of standardized mass production, urbanization, and transportation systems, as well as Romanticist and Realist art. In broad terms, one may define the Industrial Revolution as the shift to factory production signified by the use of machinery and collective organization of labor. In pre-industrial societies, the vast majority of the population was occupied in agriculture, and manufacturing of other goods was at the hands of craftsmen working in small shops in a decentralized manner (Griffin 2). Machinery – whether a watermill and a steam engine as power sources or industry-specific machines, such as spinning jenny – industrialization bound production to specific places, thus centralizing it, drawing in the workforce, and contributing to urbanization. Transporting the mass-produced goods required new means of transportation, from canals to railroads and steamboats (Mohajan 377). Thus, mechanized production launched a broad spectrum of consequences ranging from urbanization to complex labor division and transportation improvements. Early industrialization in Liverpool may serve as a textbook example of the Industrial Revolution. Britain, with its colonial empire, was well-poised to benefit from producing cotton textiles with the new machinery, and the port of Liverpool was one of the main destinations for the valuable raw materials (Mohajan 379). Neighboring Manchester became one of the earliest industrial centers in Europe, and the first intercity railroad connected Liverpool to it in 1830 (Mohajan 382). Both cities grew rapidly, and by 1900, the area represented approximately 40 percent of the world’s production of cotton textiles (Mohajan 379). As one can see, Liverpool and Manchester exemplify virtually everything about the early Industrial Revolution. Artistic developments of the 19 th century were equally swift and decisive, beginning with Romanticist art that dominated its first half. Just as the Industrial Revolution disrupted traditional ways of manufacturing goods, Romanticist artists offered “a vision unconstrained by academic practice” sanctified with the authority of Renaissance (Arnason 4). Instead, Romanticists strived for the novelty of subjective artistic expression and often focused on emotion invoked by extreme circumstances. This tendency was evident in both paintings, such as Turner’s “Burning of the Houses of Parliament,” and literature, such as Hugo’s “Notre-Dame de Paris.” As the century marched on, Romanticism gave ground to the new artistic movement called Realism. Social and economic p
Abstract The purpose of this easy was to determine the extent to which the bombing of Dresden in 1945 qualifies to be a war crime. In this regard, the paper focused on evaluating the justification for the attack. The evaluation was done with the aid of the just war theory. The question that was answered is: can it be said that the Allied bombing of Dresden in 1945 constitutes a war crime? The findings reveal that the Allied forces using aircrafts and highly explosive bombs attacked Dresden during the World War II. Consequently, the damage was enormous. In particular, the attack led to the destruction of property worth millions of dollars. Furthermore, nearly 35,000 civilians lost their lives during the attack (Taylor 2005, p. 31). The objective of the attack was to weaken Germany’s military. Dresden was a significant industrial center in which, various companies produced several weapons and military supplies. Moreover, the city had functioning transport and communication infrastructure. The Allied forces believed that these infrastructural facilities and the industrial production in Dresden supported Germany’s military operations (Addison & Crang 2006, p 88). Thus, destroying the city was inevitable. However, the analysis of the factors that led to the attack reveals that there was no significant justification to warrant the raid. The Allies did not have a just cause to attack the city. This is because their raid was based on assumed rather than imminent aggression. The consequences of the attack were also not proportionate to the military benefits. Contrary to the popular believe, the Allies did not fully achieve the objective of the attack. Their air strikes had extensive damage on non-military targets. However, they had little impact on Germany’s military capability. These findings indicate that the bombing of Dresden was essentially a war crime. Introduction The bombing of Dresden in 1945 is one of the most significant events that occurred during the World War II. Dresden was the seventh largest city in Germany, and it was located in the eastern part of the country. It was a cultural center that boasted of elegant museums and historic buildings. It was also an industrial center, which had several factories and commercial buildings (Hisper & Schurr 2011, p. 67). By 1945, a large number of the refugees who were fleeing from the Red Army had moved into the city. Between 1939 and 1944, Dresden was one of the few cities that escaped the invasion of the Allied forces. However, in February 1945 the Allies invaded the city through devastating air strikes. The American and the British military forces attacked the city with over 3,900 tons of highly explosive bombs. There were four rounds of attack on the first day. However, the Allies continued to carryout sporadic attacks for approximately two months. The attack led to the death of between 25,000 and 35,000 civi
After the first temple was destroyed in 560BCE, Israelites were taken as captives in Babylon. However, some of them were allowed to return by king Dariusafter 70 years in exile .They returned to rebuild Jerusalem and its temple.During the second temple,several upheavals took place. In the process, Jerusalem and its temple underwent several renovations, dismantling and rebuilding until its destruction in 70AD. During this period, foreignerswho took charge of Jerusalem included Ptolemic Egypt, Seleucids, Greeks, Romans and Armenians, among others. It is also during this period that factions emerged. Hardship was paramount as Roman empire imposed tough conditions on inhabitants. In fact, survival was quite difficult. This promoted growth of factions. There were five factions namely, Pharisees, Essenes, Sicarii, Sadducees and Zealots. This paper will list four main factions during the second Temple and provide thoughts of Sicarii faction in detail (Yaron 2). Thefour main factions during this period were Pharisees, Sadducees, Zealots and Sicarii. Depending on their philosophical thoughts,they could be divided into two broad categories namely religious and political sects. The latter was sometimes known as a criminal faction and composed of Zealots and Sicarii. The former included Pharisees and Sadducees. The Pharisees, also known as separatists in Hebrew, emphasized purity. To achieve this, they separated themselves from all pleasures and follies of that period. They also detached themselves from people who did not uphold ritual purity. They were led by rabbinical courts, through rabbis as well as Sanhedrin. Even though Pharisees disliked Roman rule, they opted for peace, this is mainly because they feared Roman reprisals, which could destroy the whole nation (Chabad-Lubavitch Media Center 1). The second faction (Sadducees) was mainly composed of rich priests who rejected leadership of rabbis as well as oral Torah. Their activities included corruption as they bought their way into offices. Moreover, they were closely liked to Romans. The third faction was composed of nationalists (Zealots). This group of people had broken away from the first faction( Pharisees).They did this in order to fight Roman invasion. Even though Pharisees wanted to work without Romans, they resisted the temptation of fighting themopenly, instead, they opted for peace. On the other hand, Zealots purposed to fight them at all cost (Yaron 2). The other faction(Sicarri), was initially against Roman rule. However, later on, they fought against any government. They were also known as dagger men because they used daggers to stab those they considered enemies. Their enemies were wealthy Jews seen to sympathize with Romans, Romans, as well as elites that known to have close l