ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The idea of personal identity has been discussed by both Locke and Hume firstly on a more general sense to the general idea of identity before narrowing down specifically to the subject itself. As such before I narrow down to the idea of personal identity, it is important that I first take a look at how they present their claims with regard to this general idea of identity. Some surprising claims by Locke suggest that, identity is an impression or idea we come to arrive at when we tend to associate and one thing at a particular time with the same thing as it exists in a different time. In his essay, Concerning human understanding, he says; When we see anything to be in any place in any instant of time, we are sure, (be it what it will that it is that very thing, and not another, which at that same time exists in another place, how like undistinguishable soever it may be in all other respects: and this consists identity, when the ideas it is attributed to vary not at all from what they were that moment, wherein we consider their former existence, and to which we compare the present. (Locke, I, XVII, 5) In his conceptualization of identify, Locke brings forth the notion that something at a particular time is of the same identity in a derivative sense as one would come to think of its transitive sense being a derivative of it. He quickly brings forth as is suggested in the above quoted text the concepts of place and time in identity and diversity. He claims that not two things could be assumed or taken to have come at the same time and place and as such the identity of something in its first application comes forth taken in terms of location by time and its space. To prove his claim, Locke introduces the distinction between God, finite intelligence’s and bodies. He says that, since God is without a traceable start, perpetual, unalterable and omnipresent, his identity is of no doubt. However, concerning finite spirits that each have their particular place and time they started to exist, their likening will always be in relation to that time and place in which they started to exist as long that place remains to exist. Similarly, bodie
Introduction The major aspects to consider regarding special education are:   * Special education aims;   * Stakeholders involved;   * Programs and legislation. The primary goal of special education is to ensure equal access of all children to high-quality education. All American children’s right to access quality education is safeguarded by certain regulations including the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) of 1975 and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (Pierson, Callan, & Pierson, 2017). Schools are required to provide special education to eligible children. However,
Flannery O’Connor is an American novelist from Georgia who wrote the Southern Gothic stories in the middle of the twentieth century. The fiction genre is dedicated to revealing and ironically judging the American South’s moralities. O’Connor became one of the most famous Gothic writers with stories full of dark, violent events and personal drama, described in grotesque details. Moreover, many of O’Connor’s short stories include the Catholic context, questioning the divine force, the good, and the evil. Indeed, A Good Man Is Hard to Find has religious statements, and the main character, the grandmother, represents a typical Christian. This paper aims to identify and discuss O’Connor’s understanding of the good and the evil in the religious context, based on the A Good Man Is Hard to Find plot and characters. The story’s analysis is to proceed through the five key points outlined below. Firstly, the author’s perception of the Catholic values and religion must be studied, and examples from the other short stories are provided. Biographical factors or events that impacted O’Connor’s work on A Good Man Is Hard to Find can be included in this point as well. Secondly, the characters such as the grandmother and The Misfit will be studied based on their portrayals and phrases. Thirdly, their dialogue before the grandmother’s death needs to be discussed from the perspective of Catholic values. For example, The Misfit’s self-identification as “ain’t the worst in the world neither” provides evidence of how people perceived the evil (O’Connor 42). Fourthly, the role of the setting, the road in Florida, and the accident that made the whole family stop their journey, need to be identified with the details of nature’s description and the characters’ phrases. Lastly, the story’s plot and religious thesis can be studied through how Catholic values were treated in the Southern states in the 1950s. More about A Good Man is Hard to Find What Are the Main Characters in a Good Man Is Hard to Find? 5 178 A Good Man Is Hard to Find: What Does the Ending Mean? 5 1317 Was the Grandmother Killed in A Good Man Is Hard to Find? 5 69 Who is the protagonist in A Good Man is Hard to Find? 5 732 Why Is A Good Man Is Hard to Find Considered Southern Gothic? 4.3 1474 What Is the Time Period of A Good Man Is Hard to Find? 5 279 Reference O’Connor, Flannery. A Good Man is Hard to Find and Other Stories, edited by Lisa Alther, The Women’s Press, 1980.
Abstract Online shopping has become an integral component of today’s business world. It is one of the populous activities over the internet. Internet buying behavior is nothing else but the process and act of making use of the things gotten over the internet. Just like ordinary shopping, consumers go through various stages when purchasing goods online. This paper examines the buying process for an online product from the Kindle store. Specifically, this paper highlights the stages a customer would go through when purchasing an E-reader from Kindle store. This paper details how the customer would get to recognize their need, how they would search for information, how they would evaluate alternatives, how they would choose the product, how they would make their actual purchase and finally how they would react after the purchase decision. Introduction Many researchers have conducted surveys over the recent past in a bid to understand the stages consumers go through as they make their online purchase decisions (Liang and Lai, 2000). The studies have also concentrated on what it is quite important to know for the marketers, consumer online shopping behavior in particular. Marketers should know the way customers respond to marketing initiatives and the way they make their purchase decisions when buying products online (Foxall, 2005; Kotler and Armstrong, 2005). In today’s business environment, the business that clearly understands the way customers react to various marketing mix approaches has a great edge over its competitors. Problem recognition According to Kotler & Armstrong (2005), the buying process for an online product begins with the need of recognition. This need can be stimulated by an internal or external factor (Case et al., 2001). For instance, a consumer could have a desire to own reading tablet. This need then transforms to become a compelling drive. At this point, the marketer needs to clearly understand the customer’s unique needs and what could have triggered the needs (Foxall, 2005). Search and determination of alternatives Once a customer is convinced of their need, the customer will seek more information about the various available brands (Foxall, 2005). The source of this information is usually varied. The marketer must design a unique marketing mix to make prospective customers aware of its brands (Kotler and Armstrong, 2005). The marketer can rely on positive referrals (Cho et al, 2001). Loyal and satisfied customers would recommend Kindle products to prospective customers. Evaluation of alternatives From the gathered information, the consumer will decide on a final brand. At Kindle stores, customers can choose Kindle Paperwhite 3G, Kindle Paperwhite, Kindle or Kindle Keyboard 3G (Amazon.com, 2012). The marketer must be interested to know how the customer evaluates the various alternatives (Huang, 2000). Kotler and Armstrong (2005) have argued that the evaluation of alternatives would depend on the individual customer and the purchase environment. Sometimes, consumers rely on logic while at times they make impulse purchases. Purchase decision Kindle stores offer a variety of prices. For instance, Kindle Paperwhite 3G is
Introduction Juvenile courts have been an integral component of the American juvenile justice system due to the increasing number of adolescent offenders and associated social dynamics (Champion, Merlo, & Benekos, 2012). Although the juvenile court system was initially designed around the medical model of rehabilitation based on individualized treatment, scholars agree that this model has lately been overshadowed by a desire to punish and incapacitate juvenile offenders (Moak, 2003). The present paper uses a case example of a 15-year-old larceny offender to delineate the perspectives of police officers, the state attorney, and the judge in the juvenile court system. The perspective of Police Officers The police comprise the law enforcement agency that the juvenile first come into contact with after the commission of the larceny offense. The police are expected to interview the juvenile and other witnesses with the view to not only establishing the facts, causes, and motives for delinquency but also to document the personality, behavior, background, educational status, family relations, and associates of the offender (Feld, 2006). This documentation should be done according to existing Juvenile Law and other forms of a criminal investigation that are sensitive to the age of the offender and his constitutional liberties (Taylor & Khan, 2013). Depending on the nature and scope of the theft offense, the police might arrange for a warrant of arrest to detain the juvenile for processing and referral to a public prosecutor within 48 hours of arrest (Feld, 2006). Police can use their power of suspicion (e.g., assessing the adolescent’s prior offending record, physical appearance, and fit with known offender profiling types) and power of prosecution to make an informed decision on whether to release the juvenile or place him on a judicial processing trajectory (Taylor & Khan, 2013). The perspective of State Attorney The state attorney has jurisdiction to review the charges against the juvenile, decide on whether to charge the offender, and offer plea bargains aimed at minimizing the seriousness of the charge in exchange for a guilty plea or other types of cooperation requested by the prosecution (Pennington, 2015). Although the state attorney represents the interests of the state in the case (Champion et al., 2012), it is prudent to focus on the individualized rehabilitation of the offender rather than punishment because the accused is a first offender (Moak, 2003). To balance the interests of the wronged community and/or victims with those of the juvenile, a good suggestion would be to consider a plea agreement where the juvenile agrees to the charges for onward integration into a rehabilitation process. The attorney might request the judge to consider imposing several conditio
Introduction Among the variety of leisure activities, it is hard to define the one that is worthy of attention and recognition. Each activity has its own characteristics, strong, and weak sides and may be supported by people all over the world. In this paper, much attention will be paid to the idea of winter swimming and Polar Bear Club membership. Swimming in cold (ice) water is not available for each person because on numerous medical and even emotional aspects. “Therefore, despite the initial shock that can be painful, winter swimmers (often called “Polar Bears”) almost immediately experience an amazingly warmth from head to toe, causing the profound relaxation of the entire body” (Boutenko, 2007, p.199). Due to various attitudes to this kind of activity, there is a number of questions which have to be analyzed and answered in a proper way. In fact, the members of Polar Bear Club are characterized by burning desire to participate in other group leisure activities and abilities to communicate on more serious and deeper levels then other people who neglect this activity; by means of numerous methods like probability-based sampling method or simple random sampling method, it becomes easier and more possible to define what ethical and moral norms differ the members of Polar Bear Club from ordinary people who cannot regard this activity as something influential and significant. The purpose of this study is closely connected to the evaluation of the problem concerning Polar Bear Club membership and attitudes to life, duties, and norms. The problem and the purpose of the study are both reachable because it is possible to gather necessary information and evaluate how different people with different attitudes define the role of ice water swimming in everyday life. The significance of the study is evident: people have to be aware of the chances of how to improve their lives and use only the best opportunities available. The limitations of this study are based on the idea that it is impossible to take into consideration all opinions and effects of membership in Polar Bear Club. This is why such inability to gain full recognition of the problem and evaluate all possible perspectives may lead to mistakes or incomplete answers. However, for the chosen area and the current conditions, it seems to be enough to make use of the information gathered. In each section of the paper, the attention to every research question will be paid. The organization of the study allows focusing reader’s attention on each aspect and the reasons of why the offered decision is made. The paper has the literature review section where the discussion of the issues relevant to the hypothesis under consideration is given. There are 5 main points about membership in the Polar Bear Club which will be analyzed. And finally, the methodology section introduces the ideas of how the study is organized: the number of participants, t
Introduction SABIC (Saudi Arabia Basic Industries Corporation) is one of the world’s largest manufacturer of chemicals and industrial polymers. Founded in 1976, the company has transformed the rural regions of the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea into industrial capitals, has seen a tenfold increase in production since its inception up to the 2010s, is affiliated with 18 Saudi producers, and fathered a fully-integrated subsidiary to manufacture metals ( Enabling Tomorrow’s Solutions, 2015). Being a large-scale chemicals producer, the company is under the world’s constant surveillance as to its sustainability. The present paper is aimed at analyzing SABIC’s practices by relying on the nine principles pillaring the notion of sustainability (Epstein & Buhovac, 2014). Sustainability principles Ethics In 2015 SABIC launched an executive workshop to communicate the criticality of ethical leadership ( Enabling Tomorrow’s Solutions, 2015). The company conducts due diligence investigations prior to starting any interaction with its suppliers. Within its Fair Employment Practices policy and as a member of the United Nations Global Compact, the company complies with the local employment regulations in whichever region it operates and endorses a culture of non-discrimination. Governance SABIC has established a sustainability council consisting of 10 leaders from different departments, with the CEO as the chairperson ( Enabling Tomorrow’s Solutions, 2015). This governance structure was set in 2009, together with a steering committee that also involved chief executives from all tiers. The latter is subdivided into several teams (topic, functional, and business), each of which tackles the interests of individual shareholder groups. Transparency In 2013 SABIC joined Pearl Initiative, the Middle Eastern establishment promoting transparency as an indispensable part of business culture and a facilitator of competitive position. The company also submits its reports to the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) to communicate its climatic and environmental impact out in the open. Business relationships SABIC Marketing Ltd. (SML) was established to make extra shipping and trade options available to the customers. It has partnered with various organizations offering sustainable shipping and storage within Saudi Arabia and abroad. Financial return As of 2015 the company’s dividend payout was 55%, growing in a steady proportion to its net income ( Dividends , 2016). The information about the company’s income and the contact information is present on the company’s website for open access. Economic development SABIC’s agrinutrient solutions are targeted at increased crop bulk at a lesser amount of the solution itself, which makes crop producti
Theories and Techniques Theory of Constraints (TOC) The five processes of this theory are identification, exploitation, subordination, elevation, and repetition. In terms of the theory of constraints, first of all, it is necessary to search for system limitations. The second process implies decision regarding the potential ways to maximize the use of system constraints. According to the third phase, one should subordinate the system elements to the decisions taken. The mentioned steps allow monitoring the system and increasing its predictability and reliability. The next phase refers to the expansion of system constraints by tension relief, which is caused by these limitations. This can be achieved through the growth of production capacity, the acquisition of additional orders, and reduction of time spent on fulfilling orders (Costas, Ponte, de la Fuente, Pino, & Puche, 2015). The last phase states that if a company eliminated the constraints, it should then return to the step one and continue to look for restrictions. It is important to ensure that after the first four steps, there is no state of calm passivity. It would be advantageous to implement the above processes in the work of the Global Disaster Control Headquarters due to the nature of the company’s performance. In particular, subordination and repetition would work better with the rapidly changing natural disasters. Considering that Nissan works well with the identification of the existing constraints, yet it still fails to address them effectively, the mentioned processes are likely to enhance its ability to properly and timely react on limitations. Total Quality Management (TQM) TQM aims at a continuous provision of the high quality performance in order to meet customers’ expectations and keep them interested in a certain product. As noted by Oakland (2014), it is essential to understand the current needs of customers. In the latest line of products, the company may utilize TQM tools and principles to enhance the immediate needs after the disaster. For example, the need for cars with GPS seems to be evident in this case. The strategy of systematic implementation of TQM may be applied to use various quality management tools, thus improving the key business processes and the work of units within the company. Among the potential tools of the introduction of the above strategy, there are the use of a quality circle, statistical process control, Taguchi methods, etc. Data Analysis Cause-and-Effect Diagram Diagram 1. Causes of Partners’ Struggle with Implementing Frontier Vehicle. The Diagram 1 shows that there are several causes of the product ineffectiveness. The consultations with dealers revealed that they are rather concerned with cost and environmental issues. Taking into acc
Abstract The discussion of the concept of culture shock (Oberg, 1970) experienced by most travelers is the main aim of the current report. When people go abroad they are likely to feel excitement which is changed by aggressive behavior. As a rule, the four stages of culture shock are applied to those people that come to live in the different country which has a specific culture. Honeymoon, crisis, recovery, and adjustment are the four stages usually experienced by travelers. Introduction: Exploration of Culture Shock People that travel abroad The current report is based on secondary sources that focus on the problem of culture shock and people experiencing it. Business people, travelers, tourists, educators, and students are the most common categories of people that often travel abroad. A monoculture mode of thinking and living can damage greatly the adjustment in the alien environment. First of all, people should not accept another culture as completely different and hostile. Australia has a lot of cultural concepts that can be treated as alien by representatives of some other cultures. For example kangaroos (as seen in Figure 2) can be considered an integral part of the Australian culture, though not all people are aware of this fact. However, not all people are aware of a cow being a sacred animal in India and the cat as that of Egypt. Thus, the culture, history, and customs of Australian people can be learned from the book by Clancy (2004). Aim of the report As the main purpose of the current report is to analyze the reasons for experiencing culture shock by students that come to Australia and possible ways to overcome certain difficulties. Methodology: surveys about students and supplementary materials The data were obtained with the help of secondary sources. Though the survey (can be found in the Appendices section) can be considered the primary and more appropriate source, the current report is substantially based on secondary sources including books, journal and magazine articles that focus on the discussion of the concept of culture shock. Culture shock as an obstacle to communication and adjustment When people face difficulties, they try to find ways to solve these problems, though when people are not aware of the reasons and essence of the encountered difficulties, they may fail to indicate the most appropriate ways to overcome those. Consequently, people should know about the concept of culture shock, its stages, and ways to overcome it. Results of the Research Oberg’s phases of culture shock The first who had shaped the concept and emphasized the importance of issues within the difficulties experienced by people abroad was Dr. Kalvero Oberg. Everything alien is treated differently by different people even within the same culture because of certain cues “of which we are not consciou