ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Describe and define “Identity Theft”. How does this cybercrime affect individuals? Describe some types of identity theft methods and crimes Identity theft implies using someone’s account or ID for unlawful purposes and to gain particular advantages (Meulen, 2011). It could be said that this cybercrime has a negative effect on the individuals, as it might influence their social image and financial stability. As for the types, financial identity theft is one of the examples, and it associates with using someone’s ID in gaining monetary benefits (Meulen, 2011). Meanwhile, synthetic identity theft implies using several documents and IDs to generate a novel identity to use in personal interest (Meulen, 2011). Describe the crimes of cyberstalking and cyber harassment. How does cyberbullying fit into these crimes? Cyberstalking is cybercrime, which can be described as following another person’s actions, and harassment implies the inappropriate online behavior, which has a negative impact on the psychological and physical state of the victim (Eastton & Taylor, 2011). As for cyberbullyingg, this concept has a correlation with cyberbullying and cyberstalking, as it focusing on threatening the victim and having a damaging influence on his/her lifestyle and psychological state. How does civil law apply to cyber law? Give some examples of how a person can be held civilly liable for a cyber-act upon another individualor entity It remains apparent that cybercrimes are handled by civil law, as it contributes to choosing a relevant punishment (Eastton & Taylor, 2011). It could be said that one of the examples is the spread of the children pornography, as this crime is prohibited by family law (Eastton & Taylor, 2011). Another instance is the violation of the company’s rules related to the spread of the information in the social media, and it might be regarded as a primary cause of the dismissal of the employee (Eastton & Taylor, 2011). What are the hated groups and how do they affect users of the Internet? Give some examples of cyberhate groups The hate groups unite individuals, who express negative attitudes about particular events and social aspects (Barnett, 2007). It could be said that these groups tend to affect the perceptions of the individuals about the important social matters and modify their opinions in the negative directions, and one of the examples is the anti-governmental groups. Describe how fraud can be accomplished on the Internet and name various types of cybercrimes involving fraud The fraud can be easily accomplished on the Internet by using specialized software to hack personal information and use it for wrongful purposes (Whitman & Mattord, 2011). In this case, the fraud can be represented by various cyber
Introduction/ Thesis statement The gospel of Matthew is a book that alludes to the Old Testament books and other books from the New Testament, which had preached the coming and the works of Jesus Christ. Though the book has about three divisions, chapter six, verses twenty four to thirty (Matthew 6:24-34), enormously condemns worship of wealth due to greediness because such worship competes with the true worship of the sovereign Lord. According to Matthew, Jesus used parables, narratives, and miracles to pass his message to the people. Moreover, he openly condemned ungodly practices like wealth possession at the expense of the faith of an individual. Matthew chose words with precision to ensure that all Christians, even children, clearly understood the message in the sermon. With application of literary elements like symbols and similes among others, Jesus convinced people to worship God and not wealth. Although the bible has different authors, some of the stories are parallel or similar especially in the Gospels, which are the case with Matthew, John, and Luke. Though translated from Greek, the book of Matthew (Matthew 6:24-30) elaborates the themes of faith or trust, materialism (wealth, possessions and greediness) and Christianity, which ultimately separate man from God. The passage translation Originally, Matthew 6:24-30 was in Greek, which led to different translations according to personal understanding of the text or message. Therefore, the following is the personal translation from the Greek language and New International Version (NIV). ““No one can serve two masters. Either you will hate the one and love the other, or you will be devoted to the one and despise the other. You cannot serve both God and money. 25 “Therefore I tell you, do not worry about your life, what you will eat or drink; or about your body, what you will
Teachers hold a critical but significantly undervalued purpose in modern society. With the wider availability of information and developing communication technology, the perception and role of teachers are rapidly changing. There are various challenges as well as rewards that are inherent to the job. In order to grow and improve as a teacher and a person, it is essential to reflect on my personal feelings and education practices that define them as a unique instructor. Being a teacher is a lot of responsibility and accountability. Those with any experience of education realize that the job requires not only the mastery of the subject being taught but also an understanding of human psychology, necessity to maintain self-control, and upkeeping utmost organization. To be honest, it is overwhelming and exhausting at times. However, the job brings incredible satisfaction and tremendous pride in the profession. There is the excitement of planning and executing projects with your class or taking advantage of a new teaching method that a more experienced educator has shared. The most rewarding moment is seeing a student’s eyes light up after comprehending a complicated topic that they have struggled with and finally understanding how a concept works. I have had a variety of teaching experiences, ranging from working as a tutor to coaching tennis. In each position, there were nuances and learning curves in the teaching process and approach to students. However, once I became accustomed to the job, it became a passion. The famous maxim attributed to Confucius, “choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life” applies to my experience with teaching. The profession fits with my identity of helping people and giving back to the community. Good teaching is more than a simple transfer of information and skill. It is based on empowerment and support for students, as a teacher can provide the opportunity and confidence to apply their knowledge. I believe that teaching fits perfectly with my caring and supportive character that seeks to empower others to achieve their objectives. Through this course, I have been able to learn about a wide variety of practices for teaching English as a foreign language. Linguistics can be quite difficult, and it requires an approach that would maintain student interest and encourage participation. Some of the sessions in the course that focused on needs analysis and exploiting dialogue are techniques that can be tactically applied in a learning environment. They increase participation and student awareness of the practicality for their knowledge of English. The use of “do-it-yourself” grammar lessons that encourage independent thinking and utilization of learned knowledge is an effective method to support the difficult acquisition of English grammar. Furthermore, I would like to practice cert
The major overhaul that has remained controversial is the Obamacare that aims to spearhead the provision of affordable healthcare to all. Since the 1960s, the healthcare system has not received such changes, and the inception of Obamacare caused a stir-up everywhere. Headlines all over the United States have highlighted the controversies arising from the endorsed Affordable Care Act (ACA) by President Barack Obama in 2010. Despite the fact that this new law has faced uncountable challenges and strong unpopularity, it continues to achieve its objectives, largely due to the associated sanctions and penalties. People are not fully conversant with the ACA; hence, there are always emerging issues leading to unending court cases as individuals, businesses, and the marketplace try to unearth feasible implementation mechanisms of the ACA. This paper is a discussion of the controversies surrounding the ACA, and thereafter determines its efficacy in the current healthcare set-up. In accordance with Reisman (2015), this paper argues that the new Affordable Care Act is beneficial, but it is also highly controversial resulting in the dissatisfaction of the people. In addition, the influence of politics and poor publicity has taken a toll on its receivership by the people; thus, the implementation of this act has received mixed reactions. Despite the many controversies surrounding the implementation of the ACA, the underlying rationale is noble and workable if minor adjustments are made. The mandates and penalties associated with this act make it unfavorable for most employers because their profits are bound to reduce at the expense of increasing the insured rate. In addition, employers are worried about recruitment and retention of employees as the future Cadillac tax poses a threat to employers with high value health benefit plans that supersede a specific predetermined amount (Galvin 2016). This action cannot be perceived positively because the same congress advocates for payment of high premiums in order for the insurance to intervene. The ACA was meant to increase health insurance coverage by around 15% via extending the insurance service to individuals who have no access to this service; precisely, “individuals not covered by the US health programmes for the poor and the elderly and those who have not received coverage from their employers” (Why is Obamacare so controversial? 2014, par. 3). Whereas this is a good thing, the manner in which this is implemented is not succinct because some people complain of restricted access to healthcare as insurance companies insist on meeting a certain deductible before it can intervene; yet, as long as the healthcare insurance plan meets the requirements of the law, it is not clear as to why the insurance would fail to intervene under such circumstances (Jan 2015). According to Reisman (2015), the ACA has surpassed expectations by reducing the number of individuals without insurance significantly: almost 17 million more Americans have benefited from this new law. Statistics indicate that there has
The issue of relatives being next to a patient during critical medical processes never seems to stop being topical. The sphere might have changed, becoming more of an ethical dilemma, although studies always highlighted the negative effects such events may have on relatives, especially those with an unfortunate outcome. Thus, they might be allowed, but the medical staff’s responsibility is to consider the impact their presence will have. The selected article, “Psychological effects on patient’s relatives regarding their presence during resuscitation,” studies whether relatives are subject to psychological problems after being witnessing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) (Soleimanpour et al., 2017). The findings might reveal valuable data concerning the ever-relevant issue. The article’s analysis will target its objectives, methodology, and results. The study aimed to discover the effects of relatives’ presence during resuscitations and compare a group that received sufficient support to the one that did not (Soleimanpour et al., 2017). Thus, based on that, its design is a controlled clinical trial (Soleimanpour et al., 2017). The participants were divided into two groups after undergoing a rigorous selection process that excluded relatives with psychological disorders (Soleimanpour et al., 2017). The intervention group had people willing to be present during a relative’s CPR, and a person who offered support was assigned to them (Soleimanpour et al., 2017). Meanwhile, the control one included the contingent not used to attending CPRs, and its members did not receive any assistance during the procedure (Soleimanpour et al., 2017). About three months after witnessing a relative’s CPR, the participants were surveyed on anxiety and depression (Soleimanpour et al., 2017). The results reveal that the control group had higher risks of those phenomena and post-traumatic stress disorder (Soleimanpour et al., 2017). Thus, the study highlights the importance of offering support to relatives. The results present in the article might be relevant to clinical practice. They show that the issue is not allowing relatives to witness CPR but ensuring their mental support during the procedure. While it will not directly impact practice, the implications will ensure that the general goal of not harming anyone is intact. The study has a solid methodology but noticeable limitations, as it was conducted within one medical center. Future studies could expand the scope and the sample size to confirm the findings. However, the recommendations are still viable for implementation as of now. As far as relatives’ presence during resuscitation is concerned, it is interesting to analyze the patients’ demographics and discover the cases when peopl
In the context of educational research, both qualitative and quantitative research designs have different, experimental approaches (Smeyers, 2005). A qualitative research model provides for an unrestrictive structure that supports an extensive, exploratory research using philosophical theories (Creswell, 2011). In order to dig out applicable themes and patterns, this report includes a modified model of heuristic analysis. To understand the rationale of this report, an understanding must be established regarding the similarities and differences between quantitative and qualitative models. Understanding Quantitative and Qualitative models Creswell (2011) described the ending of the 20 th century as having two models to educational research: quantitative and qualitative models. Although quantitative research is a more conventional process in research methodology, qualitative research developed as a valid research design. While these two research designs in some aspects matches one another, the designs remain different. Creswell (2011) proposed, “The theoretical roots of qualitative and quantitative research are in the realistic and the positivistic approaches to science, respectively” (p.202). Besides, they argued that qualitative model is the theory-building and theory-ending, behind a researcher’s synthetical perception; while, quantitative research begins with a theory that is tested, hence more supportive of an analytical perception. In the areas of critical practicality, remaining practical and ethical will continue to exist regarding the collecting and analyzing of data concerning the social world because of the difficulty of providing philosophical concerns regarding “data accuracy or the reliability of statements that researcher makes” (Creswell, 2011). In qualitative research, for example, the emphasis is on collecting information concerning the lived experiences of the research participants. The qualitative researcher, according to Creswell, remains an anxiety regarding the authenticity of the participants’ statement and their consequences on the projected epistemic framework derived from the collected information. Similarities between Quantitative and Qualit
Introduction Masculinity is a term used to categorize human behave that uses a lot energy and force. Baker (164) explains that masculinity refers to the ‘manliness’ of a character. A female who exposes male qualities is identified as threatening to the society. Masculinity may explain the character of the forceful male or the threatening female who bears the forces of a man. In the Wuthering Heights (Bronte E. 59), Heathcliff demonstrates masculinity when he was a child. He endures pain without crying or complaining. Ellen describes that “he gave little trouble when sick” (60). This was the source of admiration to Ellen for the despised boy. Gothic is a category of art associated with creation of anxiety and shock. Heller associates Gothic with haunted old buildings, family lineages entrapped in curses, and supernatural powers among other things (Lonoff & Hasseler 68). Jane’s description about the abandoned boats forms part of Gothic portrayal (Bronte C. 8). Cottom discusses that the “institution of the family sets stage for creativity of the inhuman agencies” (1073). The narrator also expresses shock and anxiety that makes them unreliable (Lonoff & Hasseler 68). Gothic masculinity is a form of art that uses the male figure as a symbol of anxiety and shock. Cottom explains that the Gothic uses “manipulation of the thoughts, and images to the figure of a malignant demon” (1077). Gothic masculinity uses a male character to overpower the malignant demon such as in the Wuthering Heights . From these phrases, Gothic masculinity may refer to the maleness of the figure or character that creates anxiety in a story. In Jane Eyre , masculinity is expressed through the threatening female character. Female Gothic is associated with a female figure becoming the cause of anxiety (Lonoff & Hasseler 68). In the Wuthering Heights , Catherin’s childhood character is male Gothic because he behaves like a man. Her version of a ghost forms the female Gothic (Lonoff & Hasseler 67). Catherine represents the unexpected behavior of a girl or woman. Seclusion as a necessity for masculinity Seclusion refers to the separation of the main character from a comfortable place to another region where he hardens. On his return, the person demonstrates changes in opinion or form. Cottom (1069) explains that seclusion from the world is one of the characteristics of Gothic. According to Cottom, it is “a trademark motif” (1069). In the Wuthering Heights , Heathcliff is separated from his home for three years where nobody but himself knows how he survived. In his return, the narrator uses a transformation of his body to that of a ghost. Lockwood narrates that “A ray fell on his features; the cheeks were sallow, and half covered with black whiskers; the brows lowering, the eyes deep-set and
Abstract Allport describes personality as a human being’s dynamic organization, and what is determined by the psychophysical system determines. In this case it means their thoughts and behavior. This results from the environment and heredity, and it is finally separated from the person’s experiences during childhood (Schultz & Schultz, 2009). Introduction In his theory, Allport insists that on of the major things that motivate human beings is the propensity of having the need to satisfy their biological needs for survival (Maddi & Costa, 2008). This was termed as opportunistic functioning. It can be further characterized into past oriented, reactive, and biological (Maddi & Costa, 2008). However, it was not of importance in comprehending the behavior of humans. He believed that the human attributes was triggered off by an aspect, which differed from its functioning, in an expressive way. He referred to this as the propriate functioning (Carducci, 2006). This means that most of the behaviors or activities we do in life, determines who we are. Propriate functioning can be described as future oriented, psychological and proactive. Dynamic organization Allport describes a trait as being organized dynamically. This means that they can be easily recognized or determined. Some traits in an individual can take up some form to describe them according to their behavior. This is because of influences from the environment or within, which are dynamically organized (Schultz & Schultz 2009). Psychophysical systems Psycho means aspects of the mental, whereas physical means aspects that can be touched or seen. Therefore, psychophysical system is the interaction between the physical and the internal stimuli, which results into a mental state. The internal stimuli are the reaction of an individual, towards the environment (Carducci, 2006). Characteristic behavior and thought On characteristic behavior and thought, Allport’s trait theory focused on the uniqueness of an individual. Therefore, from his definition, this refers to an individual having the ability to separate his thoughts from his behavior, thus becoming an independent thinker. This kind of thought is what makes the individual unique (Carducci, 2006). Behavior could also be related to thought in that actions are because of the seed of thought in an individual’s mind. Concept of Propriate Functioning Allport’s description of the concept of propriate functioning is derived from the important concept of self. He described this concept from a functional view and a phenomological view. First, the phenomological view describes the self as experienced, things that humans see as essential, central and warm (Cloninger, 2004). The functional view grew into a theory of development itself and has seven functions that normally occur at certain periods in human lives. They include self-identity, sense of body, self-esteem, self-image, self-extension, propriate striving and rational coping (Cloninger, 2004). It is clear that the way Allport describes these developments, they are the same as stages of de