ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract IT World witnesses a lot of developments and inventions in every day. Each development and discovery provides a new version of comfort to the human beings. Here I am trying to describe about the various methods of detecting the presence of the peripherals or devices attached with the PC at boot time or otherwise. The terms which are expressed in detail are Plug and Play, Universal Plug and Play and automatic device discovery. The data communicating media like USB, Bluetooth, etc. also came to picture that is illustrated in detail. Introduction Today the world witnesses and avails many comforts such as USB, Bluetooth, WiFi, that includes certain technologies like Plug and Play, Universal Plug and Play and other utilities for automatic device discovery. Bluetooth ensures the information exchange without any physical connectivity. The information can be anything from simple text files to complex audio/video files. All the data can move from one device to another. Bluetooth technology is the latest among this type of utilities. This technology has already replaced clumsy wires. The information transfer by this process is completely automatic without any synchronization support. Owing to its wide acceptability, speed and convenience, almost all the people across the world are enjoying this utility that is very fast and quick. Bluetooth technology In the same way USB, and other network devices functions with the help of the features like plug and play, or universal UpnP. The next section of this report desribes about the existing technology behind the functioning of USB, Bluetooth, Infrared, etc. Available Utilities and Its working Technology Plug-and-Play:- It is a common feature of today’s computer which entertains any new device or peripheral recently connected or installed. It does not require any sort of reconfiguration existing system or installation of necessary device driver. The plug-and-play may work as the traditional boot-time task of I/O addresses and interrupts to minimize the clashes and identify device drivers. It also functions as hotplug systems like USB. Universal Plug and Play(UPnP):- “UPnP architecture for transparent peer-to-peer network connectivity of personal computers and network-enabled intelligent devices or appliances. UPnP builds enables these devices to automatically connect with one another and work together to make networking possible for more people.” (UPNP) A control device within the network normally controls UPnP, which initiates data exchange between two devices. It is totally independent of any medium. Initial configuration is not required as it has unique characteristic of automatic discovery and a device itself can join a network dynamically. Using DHCP and DNS servers may be non-compulsory but their services will be utilized if they present in the network. In a UPnP environment, the client gets complete two-way P2P network due to its powerful NAT traversal solution. The two kinds of interfaces for UPnP are internal and external. The Internal UPnP environment is associated to the network in which only local clients are connected. As re
In his classical novel published in 1968 and titled True Grit , Charles Portis posits that true resolve and valor are critical factors for attaining desired goals. Justice and vengeance remain a dominant theme in the novel. Portis narrates the story of Mattie Ross, a teenage girl, who is determined to avenge Tom Chaney, her father’s murderer (Dirda Para 2). The author uses numerous literary features in order to advance the theme of justice and revenge throughout the book. The writer employs parallelism, humor, and character development in numerous accounts of narration to advance the theme of justice and revenge. Parallelism The author uses parallelism of revenge and crime in many instances in the book. Ross, the leading character in the novel, exhibits firm moral conviction and a high spirit for revenge to ensure Chaney is excruciatingly punished for slaying her father. The protagonist wishes to see him hanged or possibly execute the murderer herself. Marshal Cogburn Rooster, who Ross believes has grit and can help her locate Chaney seeks to have the gun. The action prompts Ross to reply, “It belonged to my father. I plan to kill Tom Chaney with it if the law fails to do so” (Portis 37). Her response to this request demonstrates the profound intention to get justice even if it means engaging in criminal act. Ross is a daring lady who is ready to persevere beyond limits and commits crime to do what she believes is right. The struggle between revenge and crime is endless throughout the novel. Character Development Ross is a firm-willed teenage girl who applies her determination and intelligence to prosper in society where she is constantly underrated. When Ross negotiates payment for some of her late father’s property from Colonel Stonehill, she informs him of her plan to retaliate against the assassin. Stonehill warns her of the impending difficulty in executing such tactics. Ross quickly reacts by noting that, “The good Christian does not flinch from difficulties. Neither does he rashly court them. The good Christian is not willful or presumptuous” (Portis 59). Conceivably, her action portrays that she understands justice might not come straightforwardly. Perhaps at this stage, Ross lacks the knowledge of the high price she might pay from such actions. After finally shooting Chaney and believing that she killed him, she retreats into a cavernous hole that turns into a hell-like pit where she starts to suffer the consequence. The pony, Blackie, who assists her to safety following her injuries in a ditch is bitten by a snake and later dies when rushing to seek medical attention. Ross describes the incident that “Blackie fell to the ground and died, his brave heart burst and mine broken. There never lived a nobler pony” (Portis 149). Ross did not only lose her treasured friend but also had to individually pay the price by having her arm amputated in attempt to seek justice. Another
Functional products are those staples bought by individuals in a broad range of retail outlets. They include things like groceries stores as well as gas stations. In real sense such products do not undergo major changes over time. Their demand predictability is far much stable, apart from having life cycles that are long. As a result of these properties, such functional products invite lots of competition which at the end leads to low profit margins. On the other hand, innovative products are those products which have the ability of giving clients extra reasons for buying them. However innovative products have life cycles that are short as a result of imitation by competitors, apart from having volatile demands. This means that their demand changes from time to time hence demand prediction is very difficult. Those organizations engaged in innovative products experience high profit margins as compared to those engaged in functional products. This is because; there are higher risks when dealing with innovative products than dealing with functional products. An efficient supply chain for functional products means that the primary objective of the supply chain is to supply efficient and predictable demands at the lowest costs possible. In addition the manufacturing processes should also be aiming at maintaining an average utilization rate that is very high. Nevertheless, inventory strategies should also have the ability of generating high turns, as well as minimizing inventory in the entire chain. Moreover the lead-time focus should be looking at ways of shortening lead time without increasing the operation costs. Another thing meant by efficient supply chain is selecting suppliers with the aim of reducing costs, as well as improving the product quality. Last but not least, efficient supply chain means having a product design strategy that minimizes costs, but maximizes performance. On the other hand, having a responsive supply chain for innovative products means; having a quick response to uncertain demands with the aim of minimizing stock-outs, obsolete inventories as well as forced markdowns. It also means having a manufacturing focus that deploys excess buffer capacity to ensure that products are manufactured just before demand is materialized. In addition, it means using inven
Introduction Human beings are social animals and once they have met their physiological and safety needs, they develop a great desire to meet their social needs. The reason behind this is that they develop a need to interact with others including friends who give them a sense of belonging (Maslow, 2002). This paper looks at communication as a social need and how technological inventions have addressed it over time. Notable inventions and innovations in communication The social process would never be complete without communication, which plays a fundamental role in all social interactions. It is indeed a basic need that influences the information society and has come a long way technologically to where it is now. Going back to the history of communication, it is amazing what inventions have done. The prehistoric means of communication included the use of horns and drums to pass information from one person to another. A Roman Emperor by the name of Tiberius made a debut in verbal communication by inventing a heliograph in the 37AD. This method involved the use of mirrors to deliver messages from one location to another. In 1793, Claude Chappe invented a telegraph line that could be used to deliver messages over a long distance. Charles Wheatstone invented a microphone in 1821, a gadget that could reproduce sound and it was composed of a primitive soundbox. The first-ever electric telegraph was discovered in 1831 by Joseph Henry and this was followed closely by a modification done by Samuel Morse in 1843. This electric telegraph could send telegraphic messages over a long distance. The fax machine was invented by Alexander Bain in the same year (Bellis, 1997). The Pony Express was birthed in 1861 in the US with the primary goal of delivering mail and in the same breath, Coleman Sellers invented a Kinematoscope. This machine had the capability of flashing still images on a screen. The modern typewriter saw its way into the inventions doing their rounds in communication in 1867 in America. Thomas Edison invented a mimeograph in 1876, it acted as an office copier, and around the same time, Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone. Bell was able to transmit vocal sounds from one point to another and this is what came to be widely known as the telephone. The phonograph that is a recording tool was invented in 1877 by Thomas Edison who used a wax cylinder to carry out this task. High-speed photography came to be in the same year courtesy of Edward Muybridge who was able to capture fast pictures in motion. The gramophone was invented in 1887 by Emile Berliner and its work was to record messages that would be played repeatedly. The Kodak film camera was invented in 1888 by George Eastman and in
Key Terms Plagiarism is the use of someone else’s ideas without giving credit to the author. Plagiarism education can be defined as instructional techniques which can raise students’ awareness about plagiarism. Moreover, these methods are important for avoiding unintentional plagiarism which is very widespread. Electronic detection is the use of software tools in an effort to identify plagiarized passages. Central claim/focus The authors of this study argue that the use of electronic detection tools can help students better understand the correct methods of citing sources and avoiding plagiarism.  1. Many learners do not pay much attention to plagiarism, even though they are often warned about this issue by educators.      1. Some of them believe that copying the text without citation is not a serious offence that can be easily overlooked (Barrett and Malcolm 39).      2. There are many cases of unintentional plagiarism that cannot be explained by academic dishonesty or the desire to deceive professors or teachers assistants (Barrett and Malcolm 39).  2. The use of electronic detection software can be an effective deterrent against plagiarism.      1. Learners are better able to avoid plagiarism if they see how plagiarized passages can be detected with the help of various software tools.      2. Furthermore, this approach enables learners to understand the way sources should be incorporated into their own research. Content Significance This study can be of great use to educators who need to raise students’ awareness about the dangers of plagiarism. Therefore, this research can have significant practical implications. Critical Analysis The arguments of the author can be partly expected because in many cases, learners do not understand what constitutes plagiarism and how it is detected. Nevertheless, the results of this research cannot be generalized because the authors focused only students who majored in computer science and electronics (Barrett and Malcolm 39). Overall, this article can be used as the basis for later studies. Reference Barrett, R & Malcolm, J 2005 ‘Embedding plagiarism education in the assessment process’, International Journal of Educational Integrity, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 38-45.
The foremost reason why Allan Edgar Poe’s short story The Tell-Tale Heart continues to be referred to as such that represents a high literary value is that it does contain a number of in-depth insights into how the workings of one’s unconscious define the manner in which the concerned individual goes about addressing life-challenges. As a result, those who have been exposed to this particular story by Poe, are able to gain a psychoanalytical awareness of what accounts for the link between the essence of a particular person’s subliminal anxieties, on the one hand, and the specifics of his or her existential stance in life, on the other. In this paper, I will explore the validity of the above-stated at length. The plot of Poe’s short story is rather straightforward. It revolves around the story of the anonymous narrator reflecting upon what caused him to kill the old man (presumably the narrator’s landlord or father) and on what prevented him from being able to get away with the murder. According to the narrator, the reason why he ended up murdering this person is that the latter had a visually despicable and yet strangely fascinating eye: “I loved the old man. He had never wronged me. He had never given me an insult. For his gold, I had no desire. I think it was his eye! Yes, it was this! One of his eyes resembled that of a vulture—a pale blue eye, with a film over it. Whenever it fell upon me, my blood ran cold” (Poe 3). Within the methodological framework of the theory of psychoanalysis, the narrator’s above-quoted statement can be interpreted as follows. For whatever the reason, the narrator never ceased being emotionally attached to the old man, which the narrator’s unconscious psyche could not help perceiving in terms of a fatherly figure. This, however, was simultaneously was causing the narrator to experience the so-called ‘Oedipal anxiety’ to break away with the old man’s ‘loving oppressiveness’, as such that the storyteller felt was making it impossible for him to realize his full existential potential. In other words, the provided quotation leaves only a few doubts that the story’s narrator can be best described as an ‘Oedipal individual’, who strived to suppress the unconscious longing of his id rationally. This provides us with the clue, as to the discursive significance of the old man’s eye, as one of the story’s foremost motifs. While realizing that, as time went on, he was becoming ever more resentful of the old man, the narrator could not help experiencing the sensation of emotional discomfort, because, in the eyes of the narrator’s rational mind, the earlier mentioned transformation did not make any sense, whatsoever. This explains why, throughout the story’s entirety, the narrator continues to point out to the fact that he never disliked the old man, but quite on the contrary. Yet, the narrator’s unconscious id
Type of The Study and Methods This is a qualitative directed content analysis study investigating medical services experts’ view of human minding in interprofessional groups. The coordinated substance examination is an approach that investigates a wonder of revenue utilizing a hypothesis as a guide. The motivation behind this investigation is to utilize a subjective guided substance examination to approve interprofessional colleagues’ points of view on human caring dependent on the Ten Caritas Processes (Caritas-Veritas Literacy of Watson’s Human Caring Theory) inside the Unitary Caring Science (Wei & Watson, 2019). This is the level VI in Evidence Based Practice pyramid since it is a qualitative study which focuses on the small sample of volunteering participants from an interest group (Bostwick & Linden, 2016). The investigation was set in a Children’s Hospital in the United States between November 2017 and April 2018 (Wei & Watson, 2019). Members included were the individuals who were full-time and really focusing on kids in a pediatric emergency unit moderate consideration unit where interprofessional coordinated efforts were indispensable for patients’ endurance and care. Data repetition was utilized to control the enrollment, considering which an accommodation test of 27 self-chosen medical services experts was incorporated (Wei & Watson, 2019). While the members were multi-discipline experts, there were 11 nurses and 8 physicians of 27 participants (Wei & Watson, 2019). The participants volunteered to take part in the research as the scientists called for engagement through flyers. Two types of information were gathered from members: a demographic segment review and individual meeting where they were questioned (Wei & Watson, 2019)
Technical aspects of the article The authors of the article under consideration are Gerald Delelis and Caroline Desombre, and the article under consideration is entitles as “Inter-group interactions and coping: Similar processes. A similar base”. The primary strong point of the article under analysis is the transparence of the title that creates a favorable ground for the formulation and assessment of the main argument offered by the authors of the article. As the title suggests and the introductory part of the article proves, the researchers claim that there is direct connection between emotions, emotional situations and coping with the emotions experienced by people and inter-group relations (Delelis & Desombre, 2005, p. 73). In the first place, the present article critique will tackle general requirements, purely technical demands set for the analysis of scientific article before it proceeds to analyze the argument, the manner of presentation of the material, the article’s compliance with the principle of logical presentation of the material, the topicality of the study and accuracy of the presentation of the material, etc. Thus, the primary or surface analysis of the article under study suggests that the language used in the article meets the requirements set for scientific publications: though the authors are non-native English speakers (since they are French), psychological terminology is operated by them accordingly and the presentation of ideas is logical and accurate. However, there are some purely technical shortcomings in the article like cases of tautology and wrong word order is some sentences, for instance, “DC offers numerous other advantages” (Delelis & Desombre, 2005, p. 76). Since the source the publication comes from The Swiss Journal of Psychology that is published by the Swill Psychological Society, a rightful member of the International Union of Psychological Science, the target audience of the analyzed article consists of the people dealing with different aspects of psychological science in terms of professional relation. Thus, the format of the article meets the demands of the target audience. Finally, considering technical aspects of the article, its form should be tackled. The whole text is presented in the form of short subsections that accurately follows the flow of the argument presented by the authors. Considering the article under analysis, it is necessary to state that it presents the
A wiki according to West and West (2009) is an on-line collaborative tool of writing. Therefore, it can simply be defined as a web space that is collaborative where anybody is at liberty to add new and edit content that has been published (West & West). On the other hand, Myers (2009) defines a wiki to be a web based software that enables all users of the web page to alter the content by editing it online in a browser. It therefore makes it friendly to use especially for cooperative tasks on hypertexts and texts. For that matter, a wiki has several uses in an organization. To begin with, according to Newson, Desyck and Justin (2009), it is designed to aid groups collaborate, build and share online content. This is paramount in learning institutions where by distance learning is enhanced. Therefore, wikis help to eliminate geographical distance in terms of group collaborations. Moreover, organization usually use wikis for knowledge management since it allows anybody to contribute. This serves as an excellent platform to record the know-how held by different individuals within an organization. As a result, wikis act as an arena where this information and knowledge is availed to everybody in the organization. Furthermore, according to West and West (2009), wikis are also useful in the organization such that they reduce email traffic and even to some extent, help to eliminate email uses in the organization. This is so since most of the information communicated in the organization could be communicated through wikis and not the traditional email ways. This becomes prevalent if the information needs to be communicated internally in the organization. One of the Products that Create a Wiki and the Description of How to Create It One of the robust products that help in creating a wiki is the web studio 5.0. This product helps to build different types of wikis including personal, semantic, corporate, structured and peer to peer which are some of categories that are in existence today. Nonetheless, web studio 5.0 is easy to use even to novice users since it has a tutorial tool that can teach someone on how to create a wiki in a step by step manner. On the other hand, in creating a wiki, there are some steps followed to create a good wiki. For that matter, the initial steps entail planning where the creator needs to decide on the features that the wiki needs to have. Thereafter, one is supposed to choose a license to cover the wiki content before working on the pages. After obtaining a license, one needs to concentrate on the central pages where there is need to create categories. Moreover, in the creation of pages, the creator needs to come up with community guidelines where information to visitors will be displayed to make their contributions. Reasons for Selecting Web Studio 5.0 for Creation of a Wiki Nonetheless, the