ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Poetry is the result of inspiration which the writers receive from the events that take place in their life or from people who surround them, the inspiration which makes them express their thoughts and perpetuate their ideas in words. Some poets use different stylistic devices to make their works more expressive and keep to a definite type of writing to stand out, whereas the others neglect all the rules of writing verses and rely on chance, expressing those ideas which are on their minds in the moment of writing. This is often referred to as aleatory writing. The most distinctive feature of aleatory writing is randomness and certain mysteriousness which are absent from the poems of regular style. This type of writing has been often criticized and even rejected (especially by the French literature), though there still were poets who remained loyal to it. Aleatory writing was not equally beneficial for the poets; judging from the works of such poets as Erin Moure, M. Nourbese Philip, and Susan Holbrook, aleatory writing in the experimental Canadian women’s poetry was empowering to some poets and disabling for the other ones. What should be mentioned above all is that for Erin Moure aleatory writing was without any doubts empowering. Moure saw the sense of this writing far behind the literary one. For instance, she states: “One of the things that is important to me always in poetry is just how beautiful the words are on the page. Even if someone doesn’t speak a language or understand the words, they can see how beautiful they are” (Moure 218). Moure has become interested in this type of writing when she worked as a translator and, together with a number of other factors being present in the translation process, had to deal with something aleatory in this process. Thus, though some may not find any sense in the line “The tremendum of thoracic light yellow a tree / Laughter” (Moure 226), they were valuable for the poetess for they reflected her emotional state at the moment of writing. Aleatory style of writing was empowering for Moure because she saw its value in the exposure of language which, though it had no semantic meaning, was still beautiful. In addition, aleatory writing was no less empowering for Susan Holbrook for who the unexpectedness of aleatory poetry is the most valuable. Holbrook has chosen this type of writing due to its being different from all the others; she believes that aleatory writing adds uniqueness to her works, the uniqueness that cannot be achieved otherwise. Surprise is the most important when it comes to poems. There is no surprise in ordinary poems for everything can be predicted from their structure: “Surprise in poetic language is something else, something uncont
People have always tried to find meaning in everything, especially in life itself. There are different standpoints on the matter. I also used to think of that but could not find the necessary answer. However, now I understand that life is a human’s struggle for happiness. Noteworthy, the battle does not necessarily mean fights, pain, suffering, etc. (though sometimes people have to experience these things as well). The struggle is more about trying to enjoy life as it is, to live life to the fullest. My uncle’s life and even his death are the best illustrations of this kind of struggle. His experiences made me understand how to look at obstacles and how to overcome them. Uncle Ali was a bright and inspiring student. He was full of energy and always knew what exactly he wanted. We all believed he would become a successful man whatever career he chose. He was a model for me as he understood the importance of education and development. I shared his viewpoints on lots of issues. Irrespective of the age difference, we were quite close to my uncle. It was my last year at high school, and it was his last year at the university when he found out about his health problem. Of course, it was a horrible blow to everyone when Ali was diagnosed with cancer. He did not expect that, and he did not even know how to react. He could not believe it was happening. He made several tests to make sure there was no mistake. Unfortunately, the diagnosis was correct. Ali was devastated. It seemed no one could comfort him, and he would go into his shell. However, this period lasted a few days. Soon, he became the Ali we had known before the diagnosis. However, he would not talk about his health and diagnosis. He did not want to talk about it, and we did not dare start the conversation concerning his condition. He was a bit different, but he was still a hardworking student and a caring member of our family. There was one evening when we all got together for a meal. Ali started talking about his health and his future plans. He said he had been thinking for a long time about his life. He understood that there was little hope to recover, but he was determined to continue his studies. He said he was eager to get his degree and live his life to the fullest. He also told us about his struggle with himself. He said that first, he decided to continue living his normal life. Meanwhile, he wanted to find the answer to his questions. After a while, Ali understood that the answer to his question was life. In other words, he preferred living and achieving his goals rather than giving up and thinking of his disease and his fate. Once he understood that, he became confident and even happy. Admittedly, Ali had many really horrible days when his pain was intolerable. He also suffered a lot, but he never complained. He kept studying and spending time with his friends and relatives. We did not talk much about Ali’s health. However, he told me once that the disease made him cherish every moment of his life. He graduated from university, and he got his degree. He was happy, and we were really proud of
The hypothesis of this journal article states that internet marketing communication strategies are targeting consumers personally rather than mass interaction with consumers. Online marketing communication was established more than a decade ago and there have been changes in the methods of communication between marketers and consumers. Traditionally, marketers used mass online communication strategies when interacting with consumers. The scenario today is different since marketers are focusing on interacting personally with individual consumers. Social networking online channels are also being focused by marketers to interact with customers personally (Owen, n.d.). As competition increases in the global markets, marketers are seeking better strategies of communicating with consumers and improving product image. Technological advancements have been experienced in the recent past such that marketers can reach as many consumers as possible. However, there has been concern about effectiveness of online communication marketing strategies when using mass communication or individual interaction with consumers. With emergence of global markets competition has increased and online channels have been found to be very effective in reaching a large number of consumers. The use of online communication with consumers has been said to be on the increase and many organizations have used this strategy to improve their relationship with consumers. Personal interactions between marketers and consumers have reduced with establishment of online communication marketing and there is need to improve the link between the two parties. Marketers need to know specific needs of their consumers in order to deliver products in the best way possible. Personal communication with consumers provides a better understanding and improves consumer confidence. Consumers become loyal to marketers who are able to reach them personally instead of using mass communication strategies (Owen, n.d.). Internet communication channels are increasingly being invented and more systems are predicted to evolve in the future. Online communication infrastructures are developed at all levels to achieve competitive edge to marketers. For example, online communication marketing is being used at social, political, business and other levels. Changes in online marketing communication have been experienced at the political arena and there is a direct link between political success and personal online communication. Political candidates who use mass online communication have been found to fail in their attempts to carry out their campaigns (Owen, n.d.). Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) has emerged such that marketers are focusing on
Introduction Meditation is a yoga practice utilized for achieving control over the mind and emotions by focusing on a particular object. Usually, an individual is advised to focus on one’s breath, but it is also possible to concentrate on repeating a prayer or imagining some shape or color. It is a general opinion that meditation helps to calm down and improve health, as well as achieve happiness and relaxation. Main body To practice meditation, I decided that it is better to use my room. I locked the door to guarantee that no one interrupts me in the middle of the session. I also tried to use headphones to listen to some sounds of nature during meditation. Although it was difficult for me to find some free time, I found it beneficial to dedicate ten minutes to relaxation in the evening. The first experience of meditation felt rather strange and awkward, especially when I tried to sit in a lotus posture. This posture proved to be too complicated to master. Still, yoga provides some variations, which are easier for a beginner. Once I selected a comfortable posture, there came another complication because it was almost impossible to concentrate on something without thinking. When I tried to focus on my breathing, thoughts kept appearing in my mind no matter how hard I tried not to think about anything. Soon I found that my mind is distracted from the meditation by the reflections of past events and future tasks. Moreover, I realized that the time for meditation was out. My second experience of meditation was more pleasant. I was sitting in the selected posture and knew what difficulties to expect during the meditation session. Surprisingly, it was easier to concentrate on breathing. I noticed that the harder I tried, the fewer thoughts appeared in my head. It is possible to say that this practice helps to relax and slow down the mind to some extent. It is impossible to relax if you keep thinking about something. In fact, you will not be able even to sleep. I realized that if I were tired after a hectic day full of events, the meditation would help me to normalize emotional and mental activity. I felt relaxed after the meditation even though it lasted only ten minutes. I was looking forward to the third session of meditation as it had to be a relaxation after the difficult day. It was the first time when I noticed that meditation became a hab
Introduction Pablo Picasso’s painting Guernica is a masterpiece of the world’s art. But beside its artistic qualities it is significant for its role in the struggle against Fascism. This picture became an icon of the twentieth century and encouraged the world community to combat with the crimes against the humanity depicted in it. Gijs Van Hensbergen describes the story of this masterpiece in his book Guernica: The Biography of a Twentieth-Century Icon, connecting the world’s history with destiny of the work of art. The author shows that Guernica receives new meanings in new contexts, different from the initial purpose of the painter, watching various periods in the mural’s history. Main body Gijs Van Hensbergen states that Picasso wanted his picture to be an instrument of war. The first chapter of the book is entitled The Nightmare Made Real and depicts the tragedy of the country and the Picasso’s interpretation of this event on his canvas. Initially Pablo has been working on other ideas when he gets to know about bombardment of Guernica. His intentions do not include the illuminations of the political issues. One of the versions is that in order to find inspiration for his picture Picasso is offered to imagine “a bull in a china shop, run amok” (Hensbergen 26). Pablo is fond of corrida at this period, and this hypothesis seems to be plausible. The author does not provide any evidence, making the readers share his conviction. On the final version of the picture the contours of the bull can be found mixed with the elements of the horse, crying woman and faces separated from bodies. When the artist agrees to paint the bombarded Guernica, he works quickly. It is amazing that he manages to fill about 30 square yards of the picture within six weeks. Hensbergen describes the process of creating the masterpiece in details. The readers may follow every artists step in painting the picture since the first its sketch till the moment of its first exhibition. Hensbergen demonstrates that the mural appears to be the mixture of the historical events, personal experience of Picasso and implementation of the contemporary art techniques. Depicting the national drama, Picasso’s purpose is to show that “a painting is a sum of its destructions”. The painter’s unique interpretation of the events is mirrored in the picture. The mixed elements of people and animal bodies reflect the chaos remained by the aggressors on the bombarded land. Notwithstanding the fact that the largest part of the picture was finished within six weeks, the painter paid attention to every slightest detail making it meaningful and symbolic. With the purpose to make his picture an anti-war propaganda, the painter rules the destiny of this work of art. Expressing his attitude towards the role of his painting in the world’s history, Picasso says: “No, painting is not done to decorate apartments. It’s an instrument of war for attack and defense against the enemy” (Hensbergen 18). Hensbergen’s book demonstrates that being exhibited in many countries, Guernica by Pablo Picasso corresponds to the initial artist’s intention and encourages people for t
Abstract The development and socialization of the child begin at an early age, and the initial stage is the admission to an early childhood center. Habits, surroundings, and the regime of the day have a significant impact on the adaptation of children in the society, and the role of teachers and parents is essential. In order to assess the degree of the child’s socialization in an early childhood setting, it is significant to consider the factors that influence this process. Some sources of scientific literature will be useful for analyzing the issue and drawing up a general picture of the topic. As the basic factors that are considered the criteria affecting the socialization of children in an early childhood center, the environment, interactions, curriculum, and parent engagement are discussed. Introduction During the early childhood, the development of the child depends solely on the social conditions of his or her residence. An early childhood center is the first step in the socialization of the child, the beginning of his or her relationships with peers and familiarity with the new environment. Admission to such a center is accompanied by a change in not only the circle of communication but also the regime of the day, nutrition, and the system of behavioral reactions. It, in its turn, leads to the need to establish social ties and adapt to new living conditions. Socialization begins at an early age, and in the future, this process becomes more complex, versatile, and connected with certain difficulties. Therefore, it is essential to determine what factors influence the development of the child’s personality in such a center of early childhood, and also to prove that all these criteria can have a significant role in the process of adaptation in the society. The Influence of an Early Childhood Center’s Environment Due to the fact that the child begins to spend much time not only with adults but also with peers, the environment plays an important role in the process of personality formation. According to McLeod et al. (2017), those principles of communication that are typical children help them to better understand certain features of interpersonal interaction. For example, in a peer group, the child involuntarily adopts the habits and manners of other children in an early childhood center, and it has an effect on his or her future behavior. Moreover, the fixed regime of the day allows forming the responsibility and strengthening the sense
Tughril, a valiant warrior, was the head of the Genghis Khan hordes that appeared in Europe and later vanished. They eventually settled on the borders of the Rum Empire. They were a few people hence the settlement in this new region went almost unnoticed. One day, Ertughrul noticed a cloud of dust from the horizon, which was as a result of a battle near Eskic involving the Seljuk and Mongol. Ertughrul made a very historic decision, which brought about unexpected consequences. He helped the losing side to win and because of his assistance, he played a very great role in saving the Rum Empire. As a sign of gratitude, the Seljuk Sultan Kaihusrev II (Kaikosrau) gave a strip of land encircling the battlefield to Ertughrul (Karalahana Karadeniz Forum, 2006). This strip of land ran from Eskic along Sakarya and was commensurate with the Roman province of Bithynia that had been captured by the Seljuks from the Byzantines almost a century earlier. It was here that Osman I established a small empire known as the “Memalik Osmanya”/ “The Principality of Osman” as indicated in Karalahana Karadeniz Forum, 2006. He later made Bursa the capital city in 1305. He captured Gemlik in 1326 and this enabled him to establish the Ottoman Empire (Karalahana Karadeniz Forum, 2006). Bursa grew and flourished very fat while the Rum Empire on the other hand declined gradually. The Rum Empire eventually became part of the Ottoman Empire alongside the tomb of the Seljuks, which was transformed to become the cradle of the Ottomans. The Ottoman’s expansion continued to prevail. They occupied the whole Mediterranean coast of Asia Minor and Sultan Orhan (1326-1359), son of Osman ensured the achievement of the goal set to conquer the Balkans and capture Constantinople (Karalahana Karadeniz Forum, 2006). Orhan strengthened his army and expanded his territories just as earlier Ottomans had done. However, it was during the reign of Orhan that coins were used for the first time. Murad I (1359-1389) succeeded him after his death. Murad, I benefited from the reforms set in place by his father. He also captured new lands and used them to expand and strengthen the Ottoman Empire. The conquest of Serbia in the battle of Kosovo in 1989 has a great significance with regard to the Ottoman Empire because it was this battle that saw the death of Murad. Bayazid later succeeded his father Murad. Bayazid conquered several regions especially in Anatolia but his greatest achievement was his defeat against the Hungarian army in 1396. Unfortunately, he did not live long to enjoy his victory because he was later defeated in 1402 at Ankara by Timur, a Mongol. During the period 1402-1413, the empire created by Osman was shaken off. In 1413 however, Mehmed I (1413-21), reconstructed the Ottoman state and by the end of his son’s (Murad II) reign (1421-1451), eastern and central Anatolia, as well as southern and eastern Balkans was under the Ottoman’s control (Karalahana Karadeniz Forum, 2006). The Ottoman rule at the time was less oppressive than the one which superseded it. The earlier Ottoman rule comprised of feudal dues imposed labor, and p
Currently, many organizations have adopted technology as a means of improving efficiency and service execution. In so doing, they have adopted information technology system software which is meant to do the same. The procedure involves having urgency by updating the hospital’s physicians with technological developments. A taskforce is appointed by the organization to be at the forefront of the system. This includes the administration, medical staff, non medical staff, technical staff and physicians. Experienced and competent personnel promote the use of their intellectual capacity in designing and implementing the technology parts. Then develop a strategy to implement the technology and communicate correctly to the stake holders. It calls for acquiring resources and pilot-testing the technology by giving it to staff to use (Stevens & McGowan, 1985). It is also important to seek approval by medical staff so that coordination and implementation becomes efficient. Then one can now educate their physicians and develop a continuous process for improvement of technology with set timeline (Sathe, 1983). The organization through the procurement has the role of purchasing the system to be installed. This involves advice from the organization’s Information Technology experts. Therefore, it is necessary for the organization to be orderly by clearly highlighting the extent and expectations of the technology, develop and institute the project’s blue print. These helps in reducing delays and costs incurred as well as preventing sabotage of the system. Many organizations, however, fail to make full use and benefit of such a technology system let alone successful implementation. Failure by management to train the end users, who are physicians, leads to failure. Having a poor rapport between the top administration and those who work on implementation bars the efficient deployment and execution. This is clearly manifested by poor communication which when well used would otherwise lead to successful coordination of the various activities during implementation process. Good oral and written communication skills help in coordination and regula