ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX) is an examination administered by the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) to graduate nurses in the United States before they can obtain a practicing license. An NCLEX test blueprint is a document produced by NCSBN, which contains a summation of what is assessed in the NCLEX examination as well as the core values of nursing practice. The blueprint serves as a guide for aspiring nurses and student nurses who need to learn the basic requirements of nursing and nursing examination. The blueprint is valuable in exam preparation and as a study guide. Client Needs in the NCLEX Test Blueprint In an NCLEX blueprint, client needs are the actions and expectations of the nursing practice in a patient-centered approach (National Council of State Boards of Nursing, 2013). The core of nursing revolves around a scientific nursing approach backed by clinical reasoning, respect and care for clients and persistent quest for knowledge. Client needs categories in an NCLEX test blueprint refer to the four main groups in which the blueprint is organized. Two of the four categories are further divided into smaller sub-categories. Safe and Effective Care Environment This category is concerned with matters of safety when caring for patients whether in the hospital or in the home environment. In nursing, emphasis is placed on the maintenance of an environment in which compassion and care for patient wellbeing is maintained (National Council of State Boards of Nursing, 2013). This category talks about protecting patients and healthcare providers from injuries, and advocating for the rights of patients and other nurses. It includes the giving out of medicine to clients, safe usage of medical apparatus, safety precautions to avert harm and infection, isolation measures, and ethical considerations. There are two sub-categories under safety and effective care management, which include administration of care and safety and infection management. Health Promotion and Maintenance This category includes measures for birth control, communicable diseases, pregnancy and childbirth, and general growth and development. It is vital for the nurse to understand all aspects of human growth and development such as nutrition and pregnancy complications in order to be prepared for any situation. Psychosocial Integrity This category deals with caring for the psychological, social and emotional health of the client. Examples of areas under this category that nurses ought to pay attention to include stress management, support systems and therapeutic communication. Physiological Integrity This category deals with the physical wellbeing of the client through care and is made up of four subcategories. Examples under this category include non-pharmacological comfort interventions, pharmacological pain management and therapeutic procedures. Reference National Council of State Boards of Nursing. (2013). 2013 NCLEX-RN Detailed Test Plan: Candidate Version. Retrieved from https://www.ncsbn.org/index.htm
Types of employment statuses and the importance of identifying an individual’s employment status Three types of employment statuses include the worker, the employee and the self-employed. A worker is a person who fulfils daily duty requirements, hired either on a daily basis or for a fixed term to help in the production system. The worker’s contribution to the company is significant because the worker helps reduce the workload so that the organization can achieve its goals and objectives. An employee is a person who has a regular term of reference in the company, thus able to enjoy the full benefits of the employment contract. The employee contributes to the improvement of the production system without leaving a vacuum. A self-employed person is the individual carrying out his or her business without being subjected to another person’s rules. Self-employment increases specialization and the desire to succeed in advancing the quality of service offered in a company. In addition, it promotes the employment status of a person. Three reasons can be cited for the importance of identifying an individual’s employment status. First, it helps to determine the role that the individual is supposed to play in an organization. Secondly, the status helps to determine the obligations of the employer towards the individual, and the rights of the individual. For example, only employees may present claims of unfair dismissal by an employer and the employer is liable for the actions of the employee and not the self-employed. Thirdly, determination of employment status helps an organization to determine the benefits that the individual is entitled to. For example, the remuneration of an employee is the net amount because of tax deductions. In contrast, the remuneration of a self-employed individual is the gross amount without deductions. Individuals in the three statuses enjoy different benefits and perform different roles. In addition, employers have different obligations to individuals in each of the three statuses. Employment status determines the employer-employee relationship, which determines the control that an employer has over the employee. In addition, it determine
QI: A Brief Overview Launched in 2003, QI is an intellectual panel game which was hosted by a national celebrity, Steven Fry, for over ten years. Nowadays, Fry is replaced by Sandi Toksvig – “the first female host of a mainstream comedy panel show on British television” (“Stephen Fry Steps Down as QI host” par. 1) who is accompanied by a “regular team captain,” Alan Davies (Raeside par. 2). The programme can be distinguished from some other panel games by the hardness of questions proposed to game participants – famous comedians who love to laugh and who know how to do it. The major objective of QI guests is not to provide answers accurately but to answer in an effective and funny way and provoke a positive emotional response in the audience. Since the guests are not expected to answer the questions correctly, the points are given to them according to to the hosts’ evaluation. QI is grounded in the philosophy that “everything in the world is quite interesting, provided that you look at in the right way” (“QI” par. 1). In consistency with this worldview, the programme’s series each time cover new subjects from the animal world to social studies and religion (“QI: Quite Interesting”). Other QI principles state that “we all know less than we think we know,” new connections between phenomena and concepts can be found everywhere, and it is not needed to use specialised language or study manuscripts to discover interesting things (“QI” par. 3). To implement these vision in practice, QI research team strives to find the interesting facts which an average person does not usually know or on which one may have wrong perspectives. It is possible to say that the major QI’s mission is the elimination of misperceptions and filling the gaps in knowledge along with entertaining. In this way, QI panel game settles at the junction of educational television and comedy genres. Show Production: Evaluation of Industrial Environment The programme’s creator is John Lloyd who also produces such shows as Spitting Image and The News Quiz (“QI” par. 2). Since 2003, the show is broadcasted at BBC – one of the biggest phenomena in British and international television industry. The television corporation has a strong influence across the globe, and it manages to maintain a leading position among competitors due to its technical advancement, credibility, and popularity. BBC has wide broadcasting scopes, and its large audience share is characterised by stability. And although the company is the global mass media giant, the programmes broadcasted at BBC are not of great interest to advertisers and are not sponsored by state budgets (Barnett and Seaton 327). The scope and success of the British corporation development were defined primarily by the high-quality management, unique content, technology which cont
Introduction Importantly, self-knowledge is formed gradually for as long as a person cognizes the world around themselves and different sides of their identity. For this reason, it is a slow and uninterrupted process during which anyone can make a mistake, which leads to the rethinking and refinement of values and goals. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the different areas that make up my self-knowledge. View of Myself The psychological method of introspection has helped me a lot in comprehending my personality. I have learned that I am an individual who is too concentrated on controlling all events in my life including those that are out of my control (Cassam 57). This assumption allowed me to understand that I was stressed so much because I was holding myself accountable for every occurrence that happened, which was counterproductive as many things were beyond my power. Instead, I should better focus on letting go of the fear that something may go wrong (Cassam 57). I have learned it through meditations, which helped me to detect the triggers that were causing agitation in me. Introspection has allowed me to go deeper inside my personality to understand which particular thoughts induced fear and why they emerged in the first place. Curiously, I have both interdependent and independent views of myself depending on the setting and people around me (Cassam 64). This has pushed me to an understanding that I cannot define what my culture is because I tend to adapt to the situation I am in. The absence of a specific culture has contributed greatly to the view of myself because it has allowed me to conclude that I needed to continue exploring the aspects of my identity further. It should be stressed that this view influences my behavior and beliefs strongly (Cassam 64). I feel especially proud when my independent self-view allows me to avoid the beaten track in my career choice. However, it sometimes makes me feel embarrassed when I cannot explain to older people, who have an interdependent self-view, the reasoning behind my actions. In such situations, they almost always know which behavior should be employed while I prefer to come up with some creative ways that often lead to failure. Nevertheless, the combination of interdependent and independent self-views assists me in interacting with various people. I can adapt to their worldview with due respect, which helps me to avoid a possible argument caused by differences in perceptions. Social Comparison Theory and Self-Justification As a student, I often employ social comparis
Introduction Capital punishment refers to death sentences that are accorded to individual offenders by judicial institutions. The sentence has raised controversies especially due to the fact that innocent individuals may be victims of such sentences in inefficient judicial processes. Political influence has also been raising controversies over the sentence. This paper seeks to discuss the political view of capital punishment. The paper will look into political parties’ views over the punishment, its related policies in different countries and related forces towards its abolition. Trend in abolition of the Death Penalty Death penalty can be viewed as a traditional exercise in many territorial jurisdictions as it was widely practiced in many countries. The move for its abolition however started in the nineteenth century with Venezuela in the year 1863. The abolition trend was then spread to other countries across the globe even though it started slowly with a gradual growth. Costa Rica and San Marino joined Venezuela in the nineteenth century to the abolition with only a few more countries in the first half of the twentieth century. By the end of the first half of the twentieth century, only about ten countries had abolished the penalty. The trend however picked up in the second half of the century (Neumayer, 2007). Political Perspective of Capital Punishment Though a number of factors may be attributed to the abolition of Capital punishment by a number of countries, political factors have played a significant role in the trend. This is because quiet a number of the abolitions have been associated with democratic developments in political systems of the countries that have abolished the penalties. This argument is consistent with the fact that all countries that still practices the penalties, in high numbers, apart from the United States are still under dictatorships. Most of the countries that realized transitions into the abolition also did so following political transformations into democracies. Such political impacts have also been associated with alignments in political views. Conservatives and liberals are for example associated with varying views regarding the abolition of the considered harsh penalty along political lines. These views are for instance significant in both politician and even the electorate (Neumayer, 2007). The conservatives are for example identified with the opinion that capital penalty establishes responsibility of the offenders over their crimes. They hold the opinion that the practice is moral as it has a biblical basis. They also believe that by having the penalty, a significant accountability for crimes by individuals will be held and others will be deterred from committing such crimes. The liberals on the other hand are opposed to the capital penalty which they identify to be harsh to human life. They hold the opinion that the approach is not effective in curbing crimes besides putting innocent lives at risk (Americ
Gerontological nurses are expected to cater for an age group that forms the greater number of patients in the hospitals. For example, those with 65 years and older represent about 38% of those admitted in hospitals. In addition, many may be found with complexities of illnesses they have been treated more than once (DeFrances & Hall, 2007; (Mezey, Quinlan, Fairchild, & Vezina, 2006; cited in Certification Tool Kit). It is therefore needful that there be a code of practice and conduct in their care by the gerontological nurses. The ICN code of ethics for example requires nurses be guided by four principles which are included in four elements namely; nurses and people which requires that during practice, the nurses to respect and consider the individual’s religious beliefs, family and community. In addition, the patient should ensure that the individual is furnished with information that would guide him in deciding on the care to receive, refusal or acceptance. Nurses and people; nurses are expected to conduct themselves in a manner that reflect the profession and does not lead to poor pu
Should police officers be compared to warriors? Policemen are often compared to warriors. Both fight enemies and both risk their lives. However, because of the differences in their intent, they are not quite comparable, which the difference in the rationale of a warrior and a policeman shows graphically. The goals and responsibilities of police do cross with the ones of warriors at some points. Much like warriors, policemen are supposed to protect innocent people from harm and make sure that civilians should not be under attack by those who cross the law. However, when going into details concerning the goals and responsibilities of police, one must admit that policemen and warriors aim at different objectives. The first and the most obvious difference concerns the treatment of criminals. While warriors are supposed to eliminate the enemy or, at the very least, capture him/her, the duty of the police is restricted to solely apprehending criminals. It should also be mentioned that, much like warriors, police officers get rewards for successful completion of particular operations, years of service, etc. In most cases, Peak explains, these rewards are not monetary, which can be related to the way in which warriors are honored. However, the reasons for police to be compared with warriors should stretch beyond the mere comparison of the way in which police and army are organized; instead, it will be more reasonable to focus on the functions that each of them performs in society, as well as the features that are typically associated with each of the professions in question. For instance, the policeman – criminal relations are different from the warrior – enemy ones. While a warrior is usually supposed to kill his adversary, a policeman should do everything possible in order to apprehend a criminal alive. The given detail defines the difference between a policeman and a warrior – while the former represents justice and does everything possible so that the accused should be given up to the court and undergo a trial, the latter is justice. Unlike a COPPS representative, a warrior does not have any doubts regarding not only the guiltiness of his/her opponent but also about conducting the trial and execution at the exact same time. One must mention that a warrior being the judge and the executioner at the same time is absurd in the realm of the everyday world, yet works strangely well on the battlefield. Hence, it is wrong to compare a warrior and a policeman not only because their goals and rationales are different, but also because the environments in which they exist are not the same. Therefore, the legitimacy of the comparison of police to warriors depends on the concept that the person making the comparison has of a warrior. As long as a warrior is interpreted as a crusader for justice, the comparison has the right to exist. However, as soon as the concept of a warrior emerges with the principle of merciless and blind extermination of the enemy, the comparison becomes groundless and, therefore, wrong. Unlike warriors, who are forced to do justice and must envision their enemies as targets that are yet to be killed in a fight, po
Introduction Recently, China has experienced rapid industrialization, and its GDP has increased considerably. However, the industrialization phase materializes at the expense of the environment. There is insufficient consideration of the environmental resources, the overall environmental quality, and the health considerations in China 1 . This paper will take a stringent environmental analysis of Jiangsu province, China. Essentially, Jiangsu province is advanced economically, and it is one of the provinces with the highest economic growth rate in China. A PEST analysis will focus on the political, economic, social, and technological factors with regard to the environment. A SWOT analysis will address the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to the environment. Finally, a scrutiny of the nature of rivalry, demand for the products and services from Jiangsu, and an assessment of global industries related to those in Jiangsu will determine the competitive situation of the province. Jiangsu SWOT analysis Strengths Jiangsu province is an economically empowered province with advanced industries. The province has automobile industries, machinery industries, electronic industries, and chemical industries among others. Most of the industries were formed in the 1980s, and the entrepreneurs have great experience in the manufacturing industry. The high demand for China’s products enables the large manufacturers to produce many items. This enables the firms to have reduced productivity cost associated with the large economies of scale. Weaknesses Jiangsu is an overpopulated region with majority of its residents living in densely populated urban regions 2 . The high population is associated with environmental and health risks to the residents. Jiangsu has about 38,000 chemical enterprises, which are major environmental risky enterprises. A great part of the region barely has land for natural plantations. In fact, the road capacity is inefficient, and the combined weaknesses have a potentiality of bringing all the activities in the town to a standstill. The pressures from the economic development sector leads to the desire to produce more chemicals for sale at the expense of the environment. Essentially, the main weakness of the policy makers is the lack of understanding of precise information on how to handle the environmental risks. Opportunities Chemical products, cheap electronic products, and cheap machineries are highly demande
Introduction Corporate Social Responsibility is the involvement of corporate bodies in the social aspects of life of people in the community in which the corporate exists. This practice holds the principle that the corporations are like public citizens responsible for the society and the environment. The environment in this case is the people and the general stakeholders surrounding the business. This responsibility may not be of economic benefit to the company but enhances the image as well as perception, which the public has on the company. This social responsibility is nowadays popular in the United Arab Emirates. Many of the corporations have strategies and policies on how to handle the CSR activities through resources allocated for corporate social responsibilities (Habisch 20). Research Objective. The objective of this research is to identify the differences between the male and females in awareness as well as support of Corporate Social Responsibility in UAE. Literature Review. Corporate Social Responsibility is an important aspect in the recent years as corporate bodies attempt to improve their public image. The need to hold the corporate bodies accountable to the society in which they live in made many companies play their roles as public citizens. The social responsibilities that the corporate bodies have adopted proved that they are part of the society and their existence in a country does not only benefit the employees or the customers but also the communities in which they live (Griffin 12). Corporate Social responsibility is of importance to the customers in the sense that it assists the companies to associate with the surrounding communities in a friendly manner. Before the introduction of corporate social responsibility initiatives, local people used see companies operating in their vicinity as predators of their resources and this did not augur well with companies as they sought lawsuits frequently from pressure groups and civil societies (Griffin 21). The corporate social responsibility is an important concept because it has assisted in the preservation of the environment. Many companies engaged in activities of exploring natural resources look for ways to reinvigorate the natural resources through carbon trading initiatives where the companies fund countries for organizations involved in preservation of the environment (Griffin 27). The other factor of importance in social corporate responsibility is that they provide a platform for companies to create positive public image. Other than creating a positive corporate image, CSR offers marketing opportunities to the companies engaged in CSR as the sponsorships. Activities by the corporate provide an opportunity to create awareness about the company products and reach out to potential customers (Griffin 32). In United Arab Emirates, the latest entrants in the field of Social Corporate Responsibility are the oil mining companies. Most of the oil companies are multinationals and they therefore take the profits earned to their mother countries. The feeling that the compan