Homeland security refers to collective national effort to provide protection based on threat analysis of domestic infrastructure and institutions whose vulnerability endangers both the civilian life and property. This also entails measures to reduce and minimize the damage from the aftermath of attacks if they occur. It is a strategy that has been widely adopted within the United States government agencies because of various terrorism attacks. The idea came as a result of the federal government and the U.S congress reaction due to the September 11 terrorism attacks, although measures were initiated even long before the attacks. Homeland security is still evolving and modernizing to adapt to new changes, threats, and challenges; it will continue to change in reaction to the strategies taken to minimize the impacts of known hazards while both existing and new threats are identified. For the strategy to achieve the desired goals there will be need for cooperation between the federal government, organizations, businesses, individuals and each community working together (Bullock, Haddow, and Coppola 2). Before the September 11 terrorist attack, the centralized government was concerned with cold war combat designed from the national security Act of 1947. The terror attacks on September 11 were among the organized and coordinated waves of attack on US soil made the American government to have a sense of unease and trepidation that there would be another attack. All these were at some point considered looming threats that trickled down from Clinton’s administration, although it was already known that the US was facing real time threats from the Al-Qaeda terrorist group. The exclusionary rule prohibits acquisition of evidence from terrorists through torture. Here, the court is obligated to exclude any evidence based on being acquired through unlawful means including torture (Frías and White 31). Bush administration called for the creation of an executive branch that was referred to as the Department of Homeland Security in early October 2001. This department was to be responsible for national security and defending the nation from its enemies. It would coordinate other agencies such as the coast guard, U.S border patrol, and Immigration and naturalization service, Federal Emergency Management Agency (Ball 16). On October 2001, President Bush signed the USA Patriotic Act, which covered numerous issues such as enhancing domestic security against terrorism. The Act also provided federal agencies with authority to track and acquire information through wire-tapping as well as from other means of communications in order to counter any acts that could threaten the peace of the country through such means like terrorism. Border patrol was enhanced through increased number of border patrol personnel, while the Immigration department was granted access to information records of visa applications and other applications for residents of the United States. This Act also strengthened the criminal laws against terrorism in that, it prohibited persons from harboring aliens, seizure of assets from foreign terrorist organizations. It also improved greatly the intelligence of the agency with regard