ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The novel “Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep” by Phillip K. Dick is a classic in the genre of science fiction. The novel covers large variety of human aspects while at the same time addressing many philosophical questions. In this article the relationships between male and female along with humanity dilemmas are covered. In the modern future world the need for emotions is expressed, and while the wealthy people have the ability to own real animals, the replicate animals become symbols for the owners and targets to express their emotions. In analogy the vision of the female androids in the novel is the view on how male see the relations between man and woman could evaluate and relate these relations to wider meanings. The lack of presence of the wife character in the novel while the main focus stays on Rachael throughout the book may show some interesting conclusions. The modeling of the female android in the book might show the fantasies of the modern man on how the women should be looking and how the man –female relations should be like. The feel of connections that is present in the novel with the three androids that the story covers. If we try to analyze the three female figures that surrounds the hero beside his wife, we find that Rachael is represented as the ‘healing woman’ who saves Deckard’s life, Luft the opera singer, and Pris as a ‘pleasure’ model android, who both pose serious threats to the hero. It can be noticed that the demands of the modern man in searching for the object of his affection, in the future might be fulfilled in the form of the constructed female robots. That gives an assumption in the novel that in the future the more mechanical way of relationships between male and female will substitute the usual human feelings and emotions. There is another main idea of portraying the humans in that modern, technological and cold world as android or replicant like species. It might be concluded from the ending of the novel that for the human to be “healed” a connection with nature should be practiced. For confirming the previous statement we can notice the focus on animals in the novel and specifically in the title. The definition of animals in the novel as distinguishing symbol for what is human and what is not is an imagery of the technological animal life. It might not be fetishism like presentation, but it certainly gives a wider meaning for the animals in the novel. It may be an idea placed by the author that Deckard and humans in general have already became android like creatures distancing themselves more and more by becoming logical, rational, calculating, though the need for animals still present. We can notice that this fictional prediction in the book might, in a way or another started to get realization in our time. We can notice the mass use of the games and programs that use simulation of real life and create a substitute for their identities and even for their pets in electronic form. Definitely the use the animal in the book was not such an absurd idea, taking in consideration that in our time people use electronic pets instead of real ones. Another import
America’s war with Spain was as a result of conflicting interested between the United States and Spain. The Americans declared war against Spain in a bit to end the Spanish rule in Cuba (Graves, 2000). The Spanish rule in Cuba had been characterized by endless atrocities against the people of Cuba. The American public was enraged by the Atrocities that were being committed by the Spanish government which prompted a revolt against Spain. William McKinley was the then American President was very reluctant to declare war Against Spain but he could not escape the immense pressure from the Angry American public. Signs of impending war between the two nations had been from 1873 but the situation got worse in 1897. What provoked the American Government most was the sinking of the American battleship by the perceived Spanish forces in Havana harbor in 1897 (Graves, 2000). This paper will highlight the Spanish-American war in details. From the beginning of the 19 th century, America was against colonization of the countries in the Caribbean region by the European governments. Since Madrid and Washington were both interested in having control over Cuba, there was no way a conflict between the two governments could be avoided (Alger, 2010). After Spain had established a colony in Cuba, the Cuban people were agitated to fight for their independence because of the atrocities that were being committed by the Spanish rule in their country. The Cuban people declared war with the Spanish colonial authorities that lasted for over a decade ranging between 1868 and 1878. The Spanish colonial authorities managed to put down the uprising but some Cuban revolutionaries such Jose Marti continued to fight for their country’s autonomy while in exile (Alger, 2010). Jose Marti and his fellow revolutionaries decided to embark on a guerilla campaign to fight the Spanish authorities in 1885 but their plan did not turn out as successful as they had expected (Dolan, 2001). The Spanish colonial authorities managed to contain the uprising by cutting down the supply of weapons and any other form of assistance by moving residents to reconcentartion camps where they could easily be monitored by the Spanish military forces. This brutal strategy by the Spanish colonial authorities received a lot of condemnation from the United States. The action by the Spanish authorities in Cuba was seen as extermination by McKinley who was the then president of the United States. The Spanish authorities later claimed that Cuba was just like a province under the Spanish empire and not necessarily a colony because the island had been under its control for over four centuries (Dolan, 2001). Spain claimed that Cu
Environmental Issues Food Insecurity The problem of food security is becoming more crucial as the Earth’s population continues to grow. According to Greenpeace, our planet can support roughly about 10 billion people if eating habits remain the same. Additionally, there appear to be issued with crop yields getting negatively affected due to climate change. According to Habel et al., particular crops are highly dependent upon the climate, and their yields are expected to go down in the drier parts of Africa (1536). Food shortage is already a significant problem in 51 countries where about 74 million people face food insecurity ( Greenpeace ). The situation is expected to deteriorate, and measures have to be introduced to prevent the possible adverse effects the problem may produce. At the same time, proposed actions have to be carefully evaluated, as addressing food insecurity may influence other environmental matters. Biodiversity Biodiversity has become a crucial problem due to a number of reasons. Due to food insecurities and people’s eating habits, more land is used for pastures and growing food for livestock ( Greenpeace ). Additionally, air and water pollution destroys the habitat of many species that play vital roles in the Earth’s health. For instance, Giant Pandas are crucial for some of the Chinese forests’ sustainability ( World Wildlife Fund ). However, the construction of new roads, railroads, and housing lead to forest fragmentation that prevents pandas from mating ( World Wildlife Fund) . Without giant pandas, the forests may be in danger, which may, in turn, lead to more air pollution and oxygen shortage. Therefore, biodiversity is an issue that has to be systematically addressed to preserve life on our planet. Environmental Groups Greenpeace Greenpeace is a worldwide envir
Location, Site and Setting Dartmoor landscapes are located within England in south Devon under the protection of Dartmoor national park (DNP) that occupies an area of 954km 2 (“National Geographic” par. 3). The national park is being directed by the DNP Authority that secures the sites and operates the business and other activities. These activities are featured by the hotels, camping sites, archaeological attraction spots, water catchment, and historic preservations (“Dartmoor B” par. 2). The area has some farming activities, especially in regard to sheep and cattle rearing. Furthermore, the location operates as a zone of shooting for military recruits within the region. The most common geographical feature of the landscape is the granite plateau that covers more than sixty-five per cent of the park’s area. It is the leading area among the other granite landscapes coalescing to form the Westcountry. Tors and bogs are also unique characteristics of Dartmoor, which are accompanied by many prehistoric attributes (Marchand par. 3). Archaeological Work There are various unique archaeological features associated with this region, which include farming during the Bronze Age (“Dartmoor” par. 1). It harbours preserved materials such as the clapper bridges and menhirs among other remains distributed within site. It is also apparent that the preservation of rail lines and other reservoirs used during the Victorian era was a vital aspect in the park. A recent archaeological discovery about the Whitehorse Hill burial with radiocarbon dating back to 1900-1500BC was determined after the support of archaeologist and funding from the national park as well as cooperation on the land community owning this land (“Home of Dartmoor National Park Authority” par. 3). The figure 1 shows a prehistoric excavation postulated to have been used by pastoralist for four hundred years after analyzing pollen. Figure 1: Dartmoor National Park. Chronology Dating of the landscapes attributes revealed various prehistoric aspects that led to the formulation of the following chronology (Jessie and Fyfe 751).   * During 3630 to 3370 cal BC, there was an implication of the Neolithic group in the initiation of heathland (Fyfe et al. 2259).   * Beginning of bronze age- decreased utilization of lands on the uplands.   * 1480 cal BC- pollen grains and spores of fungi avail the changes in grass used
Margot Adler explains life in the 1960s showing how painful and dangerous it was to fight for human rights. Her work is honored today for pointing and restoring the appropriate way of life. As a determined young woman, she was taken seriously for acting as an agent of change. She had diverse opportunities in the 1960s to influence desirable changes, including the social revolution in Cuba, civil rights in Mississippi, activism at the University of California, and antiwar protests. This paper explores the movements’ primary victory in the Long Sixties while explaining challenges that youth brought to American exceptionalism. The Free Speech Movement started shortly before the fall of 1964 when Adler arrived at Berkeley. The movement involved long-lasting and massive student protests between the 1964 and 1965 academic years. It was meant to protest against a ban on activities on the campus, limitation of free-speech rights, recruitment of volunteers, and distribution of literature. The victory included achieving the Civil Rights Movement’s goal to create disobedience on campus (Adler, 2013). It enabled students to make demands to the university administrators and improve their ability to make more vigorous protests in the future, including involvement in the Vietnam War. Moreover, the movement realized success in demanding rights for students, such as being treated as citizens. The Free Speech Movement’s primary victory included acknowledging students’ rights, lifting the ban of political activities on the campus, and improving academic freedom. The Civil Rights Movement in Mississippi made various victories, including enforcement of equality for African Americans where the Constitution guaranteed them. The movement influenced the provision of the right to use public facilities, public education, fair trial, vote, and government services. The signing of the Voting Rights Act by President Lyndon Johnson on August 6, 1965, allowed Blacks to participate in elections (Adler, 2013). The Act eliminated discrimination of voting practices after the Civil War. The Antiwar Movement was marked with protests to stop the killing and wounding of people in the Vietnam War. Anti-war activists started in 1964 and became stronger as the war intensified (Adler, 2013). Many students supported the Civil Rights Movement influencing the achievement of its objective. The primary victory of the movement was bringing political and social changes that improved sharing of resources. It opposed the war on economic and moral grounds since it affected developing and disproportionally affecting Blacks’ education. The movement influenced the government to end the Vietnam War and improve the quality of life of African Americans. American ex
Whole Foods Whole foods is one of the largest food retails in central London at 80,000 square feet. It deals with organic food. The strength of any organic food company is its capability to deliver farm fresh items to the consumers on a daily basis. The weakness of this particular business is that it is too dependent on natural processes, which are somewhat uncontrollable, and the outputs may vary. There is an increasing awareness and confidence about the integrity of preferring organic foods among the public which results in an ever-expanding market. Mass production from non-organic sources and existing competitors in the organic food segment are the main threats for the business. With respect to the strategy of Whole Foods the organization has used an array of strategies changing them every year to improve its brand value and increase its share in the marketplace. In the year 2005, Whole Foods increased the square footage of its stores and boosted the in-store advertising and point-of sale advertising of organic foods (Brand Autopsy 12). The Strategic advantages that Whole Foods possesses are its brand image and the recognition it has got in the minds of the consumers in terms of the quality the value pricing offered (Study Mraketing, 29). In addition, the organization has an additional advantage over its competitors of having a strong distribution network. Apart from this, Whole Foods appeals itself to a superior level of social responsibility. The current strategy of Whole Foods is a focused differentiation strategy. According to this kind of strategy, a firm tends to serve a specific market segment instead of catering for the entire market (ICFAI Center for Management Research 42). This segment may be a special group of customers, a specific geographic area, or a particular product or service line. The major advantage of having a focused differentiation strategy is of pricing their products at a higher price (Kotler, 122). The growth strategy The major part of the growth of Whole Foods can be attributed to the mergers and acquisitions that the company followed since the year 1986. Traditionally, the concentration of competitive players in any industry has been split through geography. However, because of many recent consolidations, the evolution of regional and national chains has started prevailing along with the decrease in the number of independent local grocery shops. This trend may, in fact, help lessen some of the price competition in the industry, which was formerly driven by small, highly fragmented players. The same trend of consolidation may also eradicate any overcapacity in the industry as the years pass. In addition, the merger and acquisition activity also has allowed many firms to extend their fixed costs over an array of output, consequently creating increased operational efficiency. Often, it is inexpensive for a firm to acquire an incumbent considering the location of their stores and access to consumers instead of raising the
The selection of the most effective product distribution channels is among the most challenging tasks for new businesses. Even if the goods are to be sold using innovative technology and have no analogs in the market, the distribution strategies should be planned thoroughly. The example of a new home tooth brushing system that does not require the use of toothpaste involves a range of potential problems linked to distribution. Most importantly, giving too much power to intermediaries and product distributors in the mentioned case are associated with the threat of new competitors or even fake products. At the same time, selling the toothbrush to clients requires the presence of effective advertising materials. It is because the brush that performs its functions without toothpaste will become popular only if consumers change their years-long habits and are fully aware of its benefits. To address the listed problems, it is possible to implement a multi-channel approach and sell the toothbrush both directly and with retailers’ help (Kotler and Armstrong, p. 308). The use of two strategies will allow appealing to different customer segments and taking younger and older clients’ characteristics into account. The combination of different ways to sell the invented toothbrush will help to maximize profits and create a strong brand image. The first strategy will involve online advertising and direct sales with the help of the producer’s official website (Kotler and Armstrong, p. 308). It is planned that this approach to distribution will help to attract young customers who value time-consuming options and are digitally literate. Older people may have negative attitudes toward buying products on the Internet or simply distrust online shops, and this is why retailers’ help is required. Collaboration with retailers will significantly increase the product’s market penetration rates and allow selling it in local household appliances shops. Alternatively, building strong partner relationships with the largest teleshopping companies will solidify the outcomes of online advertising efforts and further improve brand recognition. Work Cited Kotler, Philip, and Gary Armstrong. Principles of Marketing . 14th ed., Prentice Hall, 2011.
Prescribing pregnant women that suffer from depression with anti-depressant and mood-stabilizing medication often represents a certain challenge, due to the fact that it is quite normal for such women to experience a variety of psychological anxieties, during the course of the childbearing process. In his article “Psychiatric Medications During Pregnancy”, Piave Lake states: “Depression during pregnancy is often underdiagnosed, in part because of the overlap of symptoms with normal pregnancy-related physiologic changes” (Lake, 2009, p. 1). The same suggestion can be found in Wantana Suppaseemanont’s article “Depression in Pregnancy: Drug Safety and Nursing Management”: “Prenatal care nurses should be able to distinguish depressive disorders from pregnant-related physiologic changes and grief behaviors. Although pregnancy can cause changes in sleep, appetite, or energy, depressed pregnant women are likely to complain more about sleep deprivation and fatigue than non-depressed mothers” (Suppaseemanont, 2006, p. 13). This; however, does not mean that physicians should be prompted to adopt an ignorant attitude towards pregnant women that complain about feelings of mental inadequateness, because – if left untreated, depression is likely to negatively affect the overall wellness of an unborn child, as well. Therefore, when it comes to prescribing pharmacological treatment to pregnant women that are being positively diagnosed with depression, a well-balanced approach must be adopted – that is, the benefits of taking such medicine need to be carefully measured against the potential risks, associated with the same practice. In her article “Psychotropic Medication in Pregnancy: Ethical Aspects and Clinical Management”, Sarah Allison substantiates the validity of such our suggestion by saying: “What makes the issue of taking psychotropics in pregnancy so difficult is that sometimes the mother’s mental health treatment contradicts optimal fetal well-being. In many ways, the debate over whether women should take psychotropic medications during pregnancy is an issue of psychiatric parity, or of the physical problems of pregnancy being prioritized over the psychiatric problems of a woman who is pregnant” (Allison, 2004, p. 196). In other words, suggestions that pregnant women should simply stay away from resorting to psychotropics while dealing with depression, are equally wrong as suggestions that the medicinal treatment of such women’s depression should solely be thought of within a context of how this treatment can benefit future mothers’ mental wellness. Thus, it represents the matter of foremost importance for physicians to be able to correctly identify the physiological subtleties of pregnant women’s depression because it is namely women’s genetically predetermined susceptibility towards depression, which accounts for the major risk factor when women’s capability to give birth to a healthy offspring is concerned. In the article, from which we have already quoted, Piave Lake provides us with insight on other maj
Introduction Marketing is one of the most important processes in the lifecycle of a product created for a specific or general market. It’s a commercial process that involves promoting, selling, and distributing a product or service across its target users (Shimp, 2008). One of the main objectives of marketing is generating sales by translating a certain message into something that makes a product or service desirable. An effective marketing campaign involves a lot of crucial elements that include a slogan and a reliable sales team. Research has established that a salesperson plays a pivotal role in determining the success of a marketing campaign in terms of the way people embrace the products or services being promoted. Generally, the success of a salesperson is measured by their ability to push for the product to be accepted in the market and convince people to make a purchase (Scott, 2015). Also, a salesperson should endeavor to build a product or service into a household name that people can easily associate with at any given instance. The ability to turn a product into a household name depends a lot on the preparedness and persistence shown by the salesperson to convince people about its desirability (Hawkins & Mothersbaugh, 2009). Having a well trained and highly experienced salesperson often forms part of the requirements for a marketing program. Besides, the salesperson ought to have a strong personality, the right attitude, and persistence because clients provide different experiences that can easily dampen one’s spirit or motivation to work (Shimp, 2008). The significance of a salesperson in pushing products Studies have established that a salesperson plays a crucial role in the prospects of a marketing campaign successfully pushing a product into a market. First, a salesperson acts as an ambassador of the product to the people who might not have heard or seen it before (Belch & Belch, 2009). In most cases, prospective buyers associate the product sold to them with the image presented by the salesperson. Therefore, a salesperson has a huge ethical responsibility of ensuring that his or her image reflects the values that the product they sell offers the consumer. For example, it is unethical for a salesperson marketing a detergent to have dirty or stained clothes that give the buyer a wrong impression about its efficiency (Hawkins & Mothersbaugh, 2009). Experts argue that a salesperson should always maintain an image that can send an instant message to a customer before they even begin the process of convincing them to make a purchase (Scott, 2015). There are certain skills and competencies that an effective salesperson should have to become a good product ambassador. One of these skills is persistence. This skill is very helpful, especially to salespeople that are new to the job because they might feel ignored and irrelevant if a potential customer turns down their offer (Belch & Belch, 2009). This skill helps to increase their opportunities for s