ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Quantas Airline is an Australian aviation carrier operating the market for over 95 years. Currently, Quantas operates two large subsidiaries, Jetstar and Frequent Flyer (Morton, 2012). The company is one of the few airlines that managed to go through the global economic crisis of 2008 without considerable losses. It started as a modest domestic player working only within the Australian market. Nowadays, Quantas controls over 65% of domestic market and over 25% of the international one. The company experienced the crisis during the recent fiscal years being unable to control the expenditures and keep the profits at the satisfactory level. The rising costs of operation are another factor that has its negative impact on the company profits. Alan Joyce’s Strategy Alan Joyce is Quantas Airline’s CEO since 2008. He headed the company at a quite turbulent moment in its history and managed to achieve considerable success improving its performance. Joyce is aware that the airline industry worldwide continues to be subject to multiple issues and endpoints and therefore, he continues to develop the new strategies and introduce new measures to keep the company performance at the desirable level. In the twenty-fifteen fiscal year, the airline financial performance was relatively poor. The main cause of the profit margin decrease in the last fiscal year was the economic problems in Europe (Quantas, 2015). At the international market, the situation was quite stable since the company operates the high-end business class and first class flights and this segment did not experience significant losses (Quantas, 2015 ) . In 2015, Joyce has expressed his concerns that poor company fleet management is the major company performance issue. Maintenance costs for the company in 2014 exceeded the point of $2.5 million (Quantas, 2015). In response to this finding, the CEO resolved to reduce operational costs by $0.5 million in order to prevent the exceeding of gross gain. In addition, Joyce adopted the decision to purchase the newer models of planes to decrease the costs of maintenance because they have the new technologies enabling to optimize the repairing process. Besides, the new models allow carrying more passengers and use fuel more productively. This decision is justified from the point of view of the information learnt in class and the finding made by Heizer and Render (2011) who argue that the first step towards sustainability of business is cutting the unnecessary disbursements (Harvard Business Review Press, 2011). Another decision adopted by Joyce after the year 2014 was to pay more attention to subsidiaries management. He focused on Jetstar performance and was able to achieve considerable results having better operational results both at the local and international levels than the main company Quantas itself. In 2015, Jetstar continued to be the leader subsidiary of Quantas because of the wise choices made by Joyce in the area of targeted customer segments and served lines. Joyce also focused on the premium segment customers being
The Devil Wears Prada is a film based on Laurens Weinberger’s novel by the same name. The film came out in 2006 and it falls in the genre of comedy-drama. The film takes us inside the fashion industry. A young fresh graduate Andrea Sachs ‘Andy’ finds work as a personal assistant for a female dominating boss Miranda Priestly the editor of Runway magazine. The fashion industry proves very challenging for Andy who has no experience in the fashion world. Her boss does not make it easy for her and soon she has to change to fit into the fashion world. There are many conflicts that arise in the workplace and some arise as work intersects with the characters’ personal lives because everyone wants to get to the top. Andy joins the fashion world and her boss is very domineering. Her boss is very demanding and says that all her personal assistants have been a big disappointment. Andy has to cater for every whim of her boss who shows little consideration to her juniors. She spends a lot of time at work and lacks an opportunity to be with her boyfriend Nate and her friend Lily. She even fails to attend his birthday as she had to attend to her boss. She bows down to her boss because she wants to get ahead in her career and is at her service day and night. She has no one to talk to about the mistreatment she is receiving from her boss because everyone is used to the boss’ cruelty. Her friends who support her eventually run out of patience because she puts them at the back and her job takes all her time. Furthermore, they tell her she got herself in her present predicament. She has no one to rescue her from the conflict she finds herself in her workplace because everyone is intimidated by Miranda ( The Devil Wears Prada ). Her work situation affects her personal life. Nate tells her she has become just like the people she once loathed in the job place. Moreover, Miranda’s tyrannical ways lead to a conflict between Andy and Emily. Emily planned to embarrass Miranda, but Andy prevented her from going through with the plan. Consequently, Miranda awards her with a trip to Paris at the expense of Emily. Andy does not want to take Emily’s place in Paris, but she faces a threat of losing her job if she declines. Therefore, she accepts to go because she fears Miranda may actually dismiss her. She informs Emily she will take her place in Paris. A conflict arises between Emily and Andy. Emily, the senior personal assistant mistreats Andy. Emily had also endured abuses from Miranda because she wanted to go to Paris. Therefore, the conflict between Miranda and Andy spreads to other employees in the organization. Each employee is forced to act selfishly at the expense of a colleague to keep their job secure. The conflict in the Runway organisation spreads from the top to the bottom. Miranda the boss abuses Andy. She is plainly disrespectful by calling her fat. She intimidates her employees because she wants to maintain her position at the top. She causes conflict because she believes
Abstract Telecommunications principles are continually varying as technology progresses and the public’s desire for more content brought to their convenient plans faster is a driving force for this development. There are many companies working on creating 4G technologies. The principles of the telecommunication engineering are continuously sprouting. 4G is a fourth generation technology. Introduction 4G is an evolution from 3G. The major plan of 4G technology is to ensure that users can access and have a faster and more reliable internet access on their mobile phones and the mobile broadband services and combine all other networks. The speeds in 3G range from 3.6mbps to 7.2 mbps whereas in 4G the minimum will be 100 mbps [2]. 4G is an ultra-high-speed broadband wireless system. The next generation expertise has two ideas: – Linear 4G idea plus simultaneous 4G idea [3]. The previous vision centers on the cellular scheme with extremely elevated information rates exceeding 100 Mbps, while the latter centers on the flawless expertise provisioning over all the wireless systems and delivering the finest services. Currently some companies are working on the creation of the 4 th generation technology for mobile systems. This will ensure there is a connection that will always be on and this will ensure reliable voice calls, better access to internet and putting the media on its toes. In china, some speeds of up to 100mbps have been detected when downloading even when moving or even when driving. This means that when one is in a stationary point the speed can get to even a gigabyte per second. This may seem very strange and it is an enormous development because of the download pace, thus this will continue to modernize our way in to the internet [1]. The cost of the internet and voice calls will also reduce drastically because less bandwidth will be in use. 4G is set to offer its clients with a bigger and wider increase in statistics transmission by up to 4 times [2]. 4G is intended for data access by use of mobile phones rather than voice. Advantages of 4G The 4 th generation technology will provide an advanced data rate accessible with broadband wireless expertise. For instance, audio, graphics, video talks and games online will be better and faster and like all other wireless services, it will be very convenient and cheap. 4G also allows one to watch live TV shows with better image quality and clarity one can ever anticipate from any satellite dealer [3]. This is because there is no cost of cable setup and the service is set up everywhere. The speed provided by the 4G technology is tremendous. This ensures a quality and reliable signal. In this perspective, downloading a full series movie can take a few minutes rather than the usual hours. 4G has a bigger and wider increase in information broadcast by up to 4 times, meaning internet will be more reliable. It will modify the way internet is used for the better and allow experience of its full potential. With so many clear benefits, it is also safer than the
I believe that the phrasing ‘hey guys’ should not be discontinued unless there are highly specific circumstances for it. I agree with the author of the article that ‘guys’ has become a gender-neutral greeting that does not commonly hold any specific connotation regarding male-dominant culture (Pinsker). While some concerns may be valid such as a transgender woman feeling uncomfortable, these are rare circumstances and should be voiced so others can understand and respect them. The point being, ‘hey guys’ would typically be used in less formal settings or ones where a person is familiar with others, so any potential issues will probably be known. Furthermore, it is inherently a friendly greeting, one which is known to refer to a general group of people. Currently, there are no good alternatives, with y’all having associations with either Southern culture or a comic and satiric manner, generally considered to
Introduction Every state has a systematic way of collecting taxes from its citizens. The tax system in the United States has undergone various transformations to respond to the needs of citizens in the evolving world (Rupert, Pope, & Anderson, 2014). Indeed, daily expenses are overburdening citizens in the contemporary world, and the citizens are in desperate need of a state that would relieve them from some tax burdens. Fortunately, the United States has a tax system that considers taxpayers who have encountered certain losses that have reduced their taxable income. Taxpayers who incur losses during sudden and unexpected events are entitled to tax deductions for all the losses incurred during the taxable year. It is noteworthy that losses that have insurance covers do not qualify for tax deductions. This paper will give an outlay of the manner in which tax-deductible losses came to be part of the U.S. tax code. It will also discuss a significant tax-deductible and non-deductible loss, and it will give an outline of the IRS audit activities. Origin of tax-deductible losses During colonial times, the United States obtained its tax revenues from excise taxes, customs duties, and tariffs. Since the government had a limited need for revenue, citizens did not have to pay taxes directly to the government. However, the post-revolutionary era acted as a revelation, and the federal government realized that there was a need to raise taxes to pay debts, develop the nation, and offer defense for the citizens. That revolutionary era marked the beginning of taxation, and within no time, taxation was imposed on all legal documents. The federal government began imposing direct taxes on the owners of land and property. The situation became worse when the federal government had to finance the civil war. The government obligated the employers to withhold the income taxes of their employees to enable timely collection of taxes. Fortunately, the income tax law of 1862 was reformed to cater to the taxpayers who lost their property in unexpected events. After the end of the civil war, the need for federal revenue declined considerably, and the government officials thought that abolishing the income taxes would be a fair approach to relieve the citizens. However, later on, the first an
Rotavirus is a diarrhoea illness that is very common in children under five years. Studies conducted on the disease show that almost every child has been infected with rotavirus at a certain stage of growth. After infection, the body of a child develops the immunity to counter the subsequent infections of the disease. The disease rarely infects adults. According to Roalkvam (2013, p. 112), this disease is believed to cause death of several children and infants in the world, especially in the developing nations. Indonesia is one of the nations that have greatly been affected by the disease. A study was carried out in 2008 in Indonesia to check the levels of infection amongst the infants. This study indicated that about 99 children aged below five years were hospitalized and were diagnosed with diarrhoea. Out of the 99 cases of diarrhoea, 66 patients tested positive with rotavirus. This resulted to 67%. Most children affected were those aged between 23 months and below. In addition, all children were affected, irrespective of sex. The strains of the virus discovered were varying ranging from G1 to G9 (Schuller 2010, p. 18). These results clearly show that the rotavirus disease adversely affects Indonesia and there is a need to ensure that effective mechanisms are put in place to curb the effect of the rotavirus in this nation. However, most of studies done from 1979 onwards in Indonesia show that the rotavirus infection level has significantly reduced over the past 20 years. Description of the Rotavirus (Primary Prevention/Control Strategy) The pattern of rotavirus infection in Indonesia cannot be monitored due to the unavailability of the infection records. The nation has not kept the records, which makes monitoring a bit challenging, even though it faces the challenge of rotavirus infection. Although rotavirus is known to be the common cause of diarrhoea among infants in this nation, the statistics show that its rate of infection is reducing greatly (Remington 2011, p. 98). This is due to the sanitation and hygienic improvements championed by humanitarian organizations and governmental agencies in charge of public health. The availability of antibiotics to counter the rotavirus infection has contributed to control the disease. These are the primary prevention measures as far as prevention of this disease in Indonesia is concerned. However, these measures have not helped in controlling the disease effectively. Most nations, such as the United States, are applying various strategies to control the disease. Some nations use vaccines and other strategies, such as awareness creation. In Indonesia, things are a bit different since different measures are applied, which are sometimes ineffective (Siswanto et al. 2009, p.62). This nation has not been able to apply comprehensive strategies to mitigate this challenge because of lack of rotavirus data. This makes it complex for the nation to apply the relevant strategies to control the disease. In spite of this challenge, many studies have been conducted to introduce the use of vaccine as a strategy to c
Introduction Economics refer to the study of how people make decisions on how to utilize their resources. This is important because in the society we are living today; our needs and wants are more than our ability and capacity to meet them, as resources are so limited. This leads to meeting some needs and foregoing others (Smith 38). Often, people use the resources they have for the improvement of their well-being, which can include satisfaction people get after using some goods and spending time in work. Economics generally is the study of labour, physical resources like land and buildings and investments. In most cases, for people to meet their needs they have to work. Labour provides the standard measurement of amount of work done, whose compensation is in terms of wages. In this paper, I am going to examine the different reasons that make the people get different wages. I will discuss these reasons next. Reasons as to why people get different wages In economic terms wages are payment given to a worker because of offering some services or because of toiling or working hard. Workers often get different wages. There are a number of factors, which cause these wage differences. I will discuss each of this as a separate identity. Education In most cases, a person with higher level of education earns more money, as compared to a person with low level of education. For instance, an O level graduate working as a port cleaner will earn less money than a bachelor’s degree holder will. In the same way, a banker with an MBA in finance for example, is in a higher income bracket in comparison with his counterparts who are degree holders. Although investing in education is, expensive both in terms of money spent and in terms of time used, nonetheless, the reward comes in the form of income one is able to realise. Therefore, accumulating education is a foregone opportunity and there is the need to compensate the individual according to the time and resources used in education (Chu 41). The differences in level of education are caused by different factors which include level of incomes of parents, ethnic groups and motivation from parents among others.However,it is worth to note that people with the same level of education may also earn different wages due to other reasons as will be shown later in the discussion. Skills Skill is the ability and capacity to carry out activities or jobs functions using less time or energy. Acquisition of these abilities and capacity is through sustained effort deliberately and systematically
Abstract This paper aims to explore an innovative approach for corporate leadership development training by considering how engaging horses as partners in leadership training may lead to more effective leadership development. Equine-assisted learning (EAL) is an experience-oriented approach targeted at the development of life skills for achieving professional, educational, and personal goals by introducing equine-assisted activities. According to available researches, EAL has been proposed as one of the innovative training approaches that develops long-lasting behavioural changes regarding participant’s leadership ability. Horses, as prey animals, are attuned to the external world; the perception of their environment is a very honest and immediate expression that these animals provide participants genuine opportunities to engage with others in the present moment and obtain honest feedback regarding the congruence between what they say and what they do as leaders. Thus, this research is focused on exploring the available literature regarding the practical implications of equine-assisted programs; as well as how they integrate with the development of leadership skills. While it has been hypothesized that horses can teach humans about leadership a lot, the study found that the approach was effective, although not standardized enough due to the adjustment of each program to the needs of specific groups. Purpose of the Project The main aim of this project is to find innovative ways of delivering leadership development training for the workforce of Mongolia. As a country that has a small yet young population and a growing economy, it is essential to invest in our employees’ training and development to make them better leaders for tomorrow. With an intent to introduce creative approaches for delivering leadership programs for Mongolian workforce, I came across Equine-assisted learning while conducting my research. As a nomadic country, horses play an important role in a daily life on the Mongols. Even the nation holds more than three million horses which outnumbers the human population of the country. Therefore, it would be fascinating to determine whether Equine-assisted learning is an effective approach for leadership training through empirical studies that has been done
Introduction This paper is aimed at discussing three cases, representing different situations that can arise in school or college almost on a daily basis. The analysis focuses on legal and employment implications of teachers conduct, decision-making, his rights and responsibilities. These scenarios exemplify the duties of the instructors and the principles which they should follow in the course of their work. Case 1 The first case illustrates teachers irresponsible behavior that eventually results in the heavy injury of a student. This person is fully aware that one of them is not wearing goggles during practical classes in chemistry. However, he connives at this violation of safety norms and permits her to
Summary of the Article The article “Social Impairment in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder” identifies the major challenges facing many people with autism. The authors wanted to examine the social problems and difficulties encountered by individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The level of “social impairment for individuals with ASD varies significantly from one person to another” (Poliakova & Palkhivala, 2008, p. 50). This fact explains why educators should address the challenges affecting different learners with ASD. The “major social impairments associated with ASD include limited imitation of people’s behaviors, delayed movements, problems interpreting verbal communication skills, and difficulty whenever associating with others” (Heward, 2012, p. 64). Individuals with ASD find it hard to make new friends. They do not care about the feelings and reactions of others. They also take long before reacting to other people’s actions. Children with ASD do not interact with others effectively. Such children will also encounter numerous problems whenever associating with others (Poliakova & Palkhivala, 2008). Scholars should examine the problems affecting many individuals with autism. Teachers should also use the best practices to support every child with autism. This knowledge encourages the authors to identify appropriate methods that can foster socialization. For instance, parents should “embrace the concept of peer interaction” (Heward, 2012, p. 36). This practice should be promoted at the age of three. Teachers and parents should use personalized toys and equipment to improve the level of interaction. Educators should also guide their learners in order to achieve the best outcomes. This strategy is relevant because “social interactions can support the cognitive needs of many children” (Heward, 2012, p. 37). Background of the Authors and Targeted Audience The authors of this article understand most of the issues associated with autism. The researchers have been working with the Early Childhood Learning Knowledge Centre of Canada. Natalia Poliakova and Alison Palkhivala have used their knowledge to analyze the social problems encountered by children with autism. This background explains why the researchers have produced a professional article. The article targets parents and teachers who support children with ASD. Many scholars and researchers can also acquire useful ideas from this article. This approach will present new ideas that can support the needs of children with autism (Heward, 2012). Every educator should read the above article in order to understand how autism affects a person’s social skills. Comparison With Another Article According to Scheeren, Koot, and Begeer (2012