ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction According to a report by PEW, the Internet has become increasingly used in teaching and the learning environment. The report surveyed 754 teenagers and found that about 94% of them use the Internet for help with their homework and to complete assignments. About 71% have admitted to using content from the web to complete their school projects. However, the study reported that teachers spend very little effort in directing teens in the correct way of using the Internet and very few of them spare any effort to develop a program for utilization of the Internet for classes (Lenhart, 2007). This paper provides a design of a unit of instruction that makes use of the Internet in a variety of ways. The paper has presented a number of plans for using the Internet for learning. Lessons plans for using the internet for education Several ideas for developing Internet learning are provided in this section. The main intention in framing lesson plans is to teach students about writing effectively, how to perform research on different themes and how to use the information to write in their language (intute, 2008). Starting a discussion form with Yahoo Groups Yahoo groups are a very effective manner in which students can be taught to use discussion forums. At some point in time in the future, as the children grow up, they would be joining some type of group or the other. The good thing about Yahoo groups is that it allows the teacher or the moderator to allow only people they want, to join the group. In this way, the group would have restricted access and outsiders would not be allowed. Many leading professionals such as engineers, doctors, IT professionals, and others have formed special interest groups on Yahoo (Yahoo, 2008). Formation of the group on Yahoo can be the starting point for Internet learning. The teacher can serve as a moderator initially. Email Ids of all students should be first collected and if they do not have yahoo Ids, they must be asked to create one. A group can then be formed and invitations should be sent to all the students so that they can subscribe to the groups. Certain ground rules should be formed and acts such as spamming, flaming, and other such antisocial acts should not be allowed. Using email effectively The idea here is to use email as an effective writing tool. In this lesson, an attempt would be made to teach students to write effective emails. The Yahoo group is already created and ready for use. To start with, the teacher can first think of asking the students to send a mail to the group based on any current topic. The students should be told that they could only send one email and replying to the mail is not allowed. The children should be told about the importance of the subject line, how to introduce the subject, and so on till the final mail is completed and checked with a w
Overview In the area of education, much attention should be paid to the development of statistical reasoning in teachers. Scheaffer and Jacobbe (2014) and Utts (2015) state that the use of statistical data with the focus on its further analysis and interpretation is often a challenge for educators, and they need to concentrate on developing skills in working with statistical methods. In their article “Hold My Calls: An Activity for Introducing the Statistical Process,” Abel and Poling (2015) described the specific statistical activity that can be used in the teaching-learning process at the secondary level to explain the principles of the statistical process. The article was published in Teaching Statistics , and this descriptive research aimed to discuss aspects of the statistical process with the focus on data analysis and interpretation. Description of the Research Problem The statistical process is based on a set of concrete phases that should be performed in a series. The data analysis and interpretation are usually regarded as the most challenging stages of this process (Slootmaeckers, Kerremans, & Adriaensen, 2014). Students’ skills need to be improved regarding the use of statistical methods to conduct studies and analyze the data (Dierker, Cooper, Alexander, Selya, & Rose, 2015). The problem is in the fact that many teachers also do not have enough skills to apply and explain statistical methods appropriately (Ben-Zvi, 2014; Fotache & Strimbei, 2015). Thus, Abel and Poling (2015) focused on describing the particular statistical activity aimed at providing students and educators with clear information regarding the stages of the statistical process. Research Methodology: Design, Approach, and Structure The article by Abel and Poling (2015) presents the description of the results of implementing the GAISE framework for the statistical process. The researchers recruited practicing teachers to participate in the study and use the four-step GAISE model to examine how the use of mobile phones can influence the person’s reactions on roads. Four groups of participants were formed, and the practical sessions were held for two days. The structure of the article depends on the number of components in the GAISE framework. Thus, the article includes the following sections: Abstract, Introduction, Context, Statistical Process and Activity, including such tasks as to formulate questions, collect data, analyze data, and interpret results, Discussion, and Conclusion. Data and Research Conclusions Abel and Poling (2015) focused on collecting the narrative data regarding the results of the activity to conclude about the successes related to implementing the GAISE framework. It was found that all groups of teachers discussed the activity as important to be implemented in the classroom settings because the framework allowed for understanding the nature of stages in the statistical process. The particip
Introduction The 20 th century is characterised by a lot of political activities that led to democratization of many societies. People have gained significant access to certain rights and privileges. One of the most important rights that people enjoy today is the access to information, which is essential because it enables people to identify and demand for other rights. Although the advocates of the right to information insist that everyone should be well informed, some people have claimed that such rights can cause serious challenges if not regulated (Edwardson, 2008). For this reason, several governments have put in place measures to ensure that rights are enjoyed in a manner that protects other aspects of life. This paper discusses the functions, composition, scope of operation, financing and source of authority of the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) (Edwardson, 2008). Establishment of CRTC CRTC was created in 1976 after the parliament of Canada enacted the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission Act (1976). Before CRTC came into being, its functions were performed by the Canadian Radio-Television Commission established in 1968 to take over from the Board of Broadcast Governors. CRTC is answerable to the Minister for Heritage who in turn reports to parliament (Dunbar & Leblanc, 2007). Purpose of CRTC The overall role of CRTC is to facilitate fairness and quality in the country’s communication sector (Edge, 2013). These functions are clearly spelt out in the Broadcasting Act (1991). In addition, some functions are outlined in the National Transportation Act (1996) as well as the Railway Safety Act (1985). One of the main functions of the CRTC is to ensure that
The main topic of the letter is the discussion of the issue of justice and injustice. Dr. King set forth a few examples of fair and unjust laws. The author had a clear definition of the first domain. He wrote: “Any law that uplifts human personality is just” (King 3). In regards to the second concept, he explained that an unjust law is “any law that degrades human personality” (King 3). He was convinced that it was the obligation of any person to fight against injustice. Therefore, a just law was a power that protected people. Meanwhile, an unjust law degraded individuals, and it caused inequality. Importantly, Dr. King expanded his discussion through the analysis of segregation. The opponents of the activist stressed that segregation was a legal action. Dr. King refuted their claim and noted that “legal” was not the same as “morally right” (King 5). It should be noted that he believed that everyone should disobey injustice. Dr. King also put forward the idea that people were guaranteed specific rights by the constitution. Therefore, the discussion went beyond the moral code of action (Buford 55). Martin Luther King Jr. had a more nuanced position based on legal, moral, and spiritual perspectives. In the discussion of just and unjust laws, Dr. King touched upon the issue of equality. He explicated that the exclusion of some cultural groups was discriminatory. He wondered: “Can any law set up in such a state be considered democratically structured?” (King 3). He implied that there were discriminatory voting rights in the country (Velasquez 623). He reinforced his discussion of just and unjust laws and protests against injustice through further examples. There were instances of civil disobedience to law exhibited by the Christians and Socrates. Thus, through these multiple examples, Dr. King vividly explained the difference between just and unjust laws and proved that refusal to obey was a justified act. Works Cited Buford, Maurice A. Bold Followership: A Biblical Cure for Organizational Toxicity . Springer, 2018. King, Martin Luther, Jr. Letter from Birmingham Jail . 1963. Web. Velasquez, Manuel . Philosophy: A Text with Readings . 13th ed., Cengage Learning, 2015.
In this chapter, Joseph Slaughter attempts to develop a method of humanitarian reading that emphasizes both respect and empathy for people who can be affected by war, poverty or other social calamities. The author strongly relies on the memoirs A Souvenir from Solferino written by Henry Durant who was a witness to the famous battle between Austrian and Sardinian troops. Moreover, Joseph Slaughter critiques the imaginative models of sentimental reading advocated by Martha Nussbaum. His main premise is that humanitarian reading can highlight the” continuity between one part of humanity and another” (Slaughter 93). It should be kept in mind that Joseph Slaughter’s idea of indifference should not be perceived as callousness or cynicism. Instead, this notion implies that the readers and observes treat other people as equals. This approach prevents a person from adopting a patronizing attitude toward people who suffer some misfortunes. For this author, the idea of cosmopolitanism implies that people can be regarded as the members of the global community. These are the main issues that should be distinguished. They are critical for understanding the nature of humanitarian activities. Overall, Slaughter defines a humanitarian ideal as the displacement of war by peace (Slaughter 312). This scholar attaches importance to the role of literature that should promote cosmopolitan principles among readers. As it has been said before, Joseph Slaughter regards Henry Durant’s book as an eloquent example of humanitarian reading. Slaughter claims that Dunant is a master of naturalistic writing; in particular, this author uses a special grammar of dehumanization that is mostly intended to awaken the sense of common humanity and transnational empathy for all victims of war. This is the main technique that this writer adopts. This aspect should be singled out because it is critical for showi
What is the Formula for Life and Good Health? The formula for life and good health depends on a person’s environment. Such factors as clean water, fresh air, nutritious and natural food, appropriate climate, and some other things that people consume daily make them healthy, active, and energetic. Also, it is essential to do some sports and to have a good night rests to make the body fit and strong. What Does the Environment Have to Do with the Equation? Usually, people travel to work, stay home, go on vacations, and so on. Therefore, a person’s environment changes all the time. The equation is the amount of time spent at a particular place compared to another location that a certain individual has to deal with daily. The equation is intended to identify all regions that a person inhabits and regularly attends to evaluate these areas’ ecological factors. Where Do You Spend the Majority of Your Time? What Have You Been Breathing in? I spend most of my time in front of the computer at my house because I have to do all the assigned homework and work online. My house is situated on the outskirts of the city, which means that the air is fresh in this location. Also, I have been breathing some sea air. Unfortunately, I inhale exhaust gases that vent out of other people’s cars while driving. Why Is It Important to “Know Your Neighbors” from a Health Standpoint? Every person has to be aware of his or her neighbors’ lifestyles. Some people who live in neighborhoods might be using toxic chemicals in their gardens and leave their yards unclean. Although these factors do not seem to be very important, they make an adverse impact on other people’s environment. Unfortunately, some individuals pollute areas they inhabit and cause harm to their neighbors. What Question
Although research on the dietary patterns of school-aged children in the UK and NI is rather extensive, certain gaps are yet to be addressed. One of the major limitations to the recent research on the matter is the lack of longitudinal studies regarding the outcomes of school-based projects that persist in participants’ adulthood (Øvrebø et al., 2019). Therefore, it is essential to conduct a series of longitudinal studies that will evaluate the effectiveness of school-based interventions and trace the changes in people’s dietary preferences (if any). Socioeconomic issues have proved to be influential in terms of the development of dietary habits in children. It has been found that children’s engagement in food cooking and food-related decision-making leads to students’ (and their families’) adherence to a healthier diet (Ensaff et al., 2015; Scherr et al., 2017). However, the results are often short-lived, so it is necessary to enhance the existing interventions with the educational component. Children should be trained to make wise food choices and should be aware of the ways to access affordable and healthy foods. The cultural aspect of the issue has a considerable influence on children’s intake, and existing interventions fail to address it effectively (Fernández-Alvira et al., 2015). It is important to identify the cultural peculiarities of diverse groups residing in the country in order to introduce the corresponding school food policies. Demographic data will be instrumental in identifying the prevailing group
Nowadays, the computer has become an integral part of modern life. Being used in business, in science, at home, etc., it is virtually ubiquitous. But it is also interesting to study the history of this device. In this paper, we will consider two models of the computer that have influenced the creation of this piece of technology, and make a comparison between them. The hypothetical future piece of equipment that Bush (n.d.) describes in his article originally published in 1967, the “memex,” was to serve as a personal device used in order to store vast amounts of information, process it quickly, and retrieve it in the shortest terms. It was to work as an “enlarged intimate supplement to his [a man’s, i.e. a person’s] memory” (Bush, n.d., p. 86). The device was also to be able to tie “items together to form trails in the heart of the matter” (Bush, n.d., p. 87). Interestingly, it appears that, according to the author, the user of the “memex” was to insert all the information into the device on their own, or perhaps much of the data could be inserted into in the process of production. In other words, no idea of “pre-Internet” is apparent in the engineer’s description of the “memex.” It is also noteworthy that Bush believes that a different type of machine than the tape-based “memex” must be used for some mathematical operations, such as “statistical analysis, evaluating correlation coefficients and the like, and for solving integral equations” (Bush, n.d., p. 89). On the other hand, Kay and Goldberg (1977) describe a hypothetical device they call “Dynabook.” It was to be used as an instrument for programming and solving problems; for storing and processing information while allowing interactive access to it; for use as a text editor; and for painting, drawing, and writing music (Kay & Goldberg, 1977, p. 393). The digital device was to be maximally small and portable, and was to be able to receive information, as well as to give it to the user in “quantities approaching that of human sensory systems” (Kay & Goldberg, 1977, p. 394). It was
The Civil War of America lasted between the years 1861-1865. The cause of the war was the decision that President Abraham Lincoln had made to abolish slavery in the whole of America more especially the South (Mcpherson, 90). Even before the war, the South or the confederates had wanted to secede from the Union or the United States of America. The essay is an analysis of the Letters from the soldiers who were at war and the historical context that the content reveals. Before America went into the Civil war, the South was very different from the North. The South had huge plantations which were owned by very rich landowners and the main crop they grew was cotton (Mcpherson, 270). They used slavery as a means to accomplish their economical succes something that the Northerners were against. The farming south depended on the industrialized north for manufactured goods, banking and loans for development (Eicher, 20). The families of the soldiers were tortured by the warfare and any letter served as a connection between them and their loved ones. As a result of this, warfare led to development of a postal system to quench mixed feelings. When they did not receive any news or letters for long, they believed by default that a son, father or husband was dead (Eicher, 55). According to the letter of James Munnerlyn which is dated 9 th October 1862, it shows the state of things at the time. Munnerlyn was a confederate soldier who strongly supported slavery. They fought the war, slowly advancing from the south to the north. The letter is hand-sent to Munnerlyn from his sister. She gave the letter to a passing soldier. This shows the economic conditions of the time. The sister could not afford or was not in a positon to buy a postage stamp. She chose to give it to a soldier irrespective of the fact that it may not be delivered. During the period of Civil war, the Confederacy had given a currency whose value was based on cotton because they gambled at being victorious. At the same time, the north printed the Confederate currency and circulated it in the south (McPherson, 300). The result was mega inflation which led to the use of barter trade in the south or the black market rather than using money as a medium of exchange. The North had also blocked ports and systems of transport for the south which led to the downfall of their economy (Eicher, 172). This letter fits into the historical event of the loss of confidence in currency at the time of war in the South. Although stamps and paper coins of value were issued, they were scarce because the Congress had diverted the use of metals towards the war (Eicher, 176). This letter also shows the development in the transport and comunication sector. The postage system,
Ethics are moral standards code of conduct that a person or a company uphold. Codes of ethics are not international but vary between individuals and companies. People, who uphold ethical reasoning in their actions, do not fail into transgression. People who uphold high respect for their ethics not only do the right thing and have peace of mind; but also are also able to transform episodes of temptations to their benefit. They are also able to influence other people to an acceptable behaviour (Weiss, 2008). Organisations code of ethics defines how an organisation responds to internal or external stimulus. In most organizations, they are in blue prints and an internal policy. They form part of organisational training needs. Organisations that uphold high respects for their code of ethics maintain good internal and external relations with their stakeholders (Lee, 2005). This paper is divided into two parts, where the first part will discuss my personal ethics and the second part is a case study of Toyota Motor Limited code of ethics. Personal code of ethics When going on with life, I ensure that I uphold ethical behaviour. I ensure that I am accountable for all my actions. My inner feelings guide my ethics, when I do something’s against what I believe or against my moral code of conduct, I feel guilty and ashamed of myself. On the other hand, when I do something that is in line with my ethical code, I feel happy and proud of myself. As I grew up, there were some believes that I held from the society that I was brought up in through socialization process. My peers have shaped some ethical conducts, whereas I have developed other by myself. To ensure that I keep to my code of ethics, I have them in heart and I have a blue print that I carry always in my wallet. My Personal values   * Integrity and honesty   * Trustworthiness   * Professionalism   * Creativity and innovativeness and   * Self-respect and Respect for others Personal vision statement To live a life with peace of mind and transform other people’s lives for the better. My ethical codes are in five major areas they are; Integrity Being honest in all my action is a wish my heart. Honesty is a virtual learned and internally developed by the person concern; it is a choice that I have made to talk the truth and do the right thing. In my career, integrity will assist me when managing different sections. I will be accountable and can be relied on my supervisors or top management. Respect