ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The aim of this paper was to analyze the economic performance of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). In particular, the paper focused on the effect of the decline in economic growth rate in 2012 and the fiscal policy that can be implemented to boost economic growth. The IMF predicted a reduction in economic growth of the country from 4.9% in 2011 to 2.3% in 2012. The country’s limited capacity to increase oil production is one of the factors that were expected to cause the decline in economic growth. The findings of this paper indicate that the reduction of economic growth rate would reduce the country’s real output and increase unemployment in the long-run. Consequently, the government should implement an expansionary fiscal policy in order to stimulate economic growth. Moreover, the government should focus on controlling the inflation and the crowding-out effect associated with expansionary fiscal policy. Summary of the Article According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the expansion rate of the economy of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) was expected to reduce from 4.9% in 2011 to 2.3% in 2012. The reduction was attributed to the country’s inability to increase its oil production. Nonetheless, the economy was expected to maintain its recovery. The 2009-2010 Dubai debt crisis adversely affected the country’s property industry. Consequently, Dubai World, which is a state-owned corporation, had to restructure its debts that were worth twenty five billion dollars. Nonetheless, the country was able to survive the crisis due to favorable oil prices and improved trade with Asia. According to the IMF, the uncertainty of the performance of the world economy was a threat to UAE’s forecasted growth. Concisely, continued decline in the performance of the world economy would limit the ability of UAE’s state-owned corporations to replace their maturing debts with new ones. Despite the efforts made to restructure the debts, most state-owned corporations still required high refinancing. The IMF also believed that the government’s decision to consolidate fiscal policy was right. Explanation of the Article based on AD-AS Model The economy of the UAE as described in the article can be explained in the framework of the aggregate demand (AD) and aggregate supply (AS) model. The model is made of up of three curves namely, the “aggregate demand curve (AD), the short run aggregate supply curve (SAS) and the long run supply curve (LAS)” (Rossana 81). Figure 1 shows the short run equilibrium of the economy of the UAE. Aggregate demand includes consumption by private economic entities, investments, government expenditure, and net exports (Chamberlin, Linda and Yueh 241). In this regard, the factors that will cause a shift in the AD curve
Abstract Jameson owners opened the shop some three years ago along Bethsalem road in Accompong Town. Their contacts included a telephone number (+1876) 948 45 06 and postal address indicated as Jameson and Sons Designer Shop 7450, Accompong Town, Jamaica. The business had suffered losses in its operations because of lacking proper marketing plans. They needed to lay down important objectives for street, online and commercial radio awareness campaign. The interview they conducted helped them to discover the weaknesses they had. It also helped them to see some of the things they had ignored and yet were very crucial aspects of business growth. The management had started the business with the idea that clothes business sells itself. They had to create awareness in the area of operation and beyond. They also realized that the location of the enterprise was essential for its growth. In order to expand the awareness campaign, they needed to employ more sales teams and Information Technology (IT) experts to deal with online activities. The consequences of intensive outreach resulted in the increased customer inflow. They then had to seek to turn the inquiries into sales. The team also needed to find a better place to operate their business. Main Body The company was registered and started in August the year 2012. Despite the challenges, it has never changed its operations in the clothes industry for all those years. Due to the problems in its promotional activities, it had to find a working formula for its stability. The problem statement of this case study is that Jameson and Sons Designer Shop Lacks Proper Promotional Strategy. The sales have kept on decreasing. The business can no longer sustain itself. It has had to get overdrafts from the banks to pay for its costs rather than do expansions. Majority of its customers have shifted their allegiance to other shop designers. The Marketing executive department contacted a marketing research agency for help. They conducted an interview. The questions contributed towards knowing if people knew about Jameson and Sons if they had ever seen it or heard of it. It emerged that only an eighth of the population knew about Jameson. One out of ten people who knew about Jameson had purchased their products. Eighty percent of those who bought their products said that they liked their products. The adverse impacts include the lack of promotion and promotional activities that led to the loss of some customers. The overdrafts only helped to stock the business, but there were very minimal sales. They retrenched some s
Rwandan Hutus When speaking about Rwanda and ethnic disparities and conflicts, many people think about the horrible period in Rwandan history. The genocide that took place in the early 1990s can be regarded as an illustration of possible effects of ethnic tensions as well as a misrepresentation of some conflicts and ethnic groups in the world media, which often leads to deaths of thousands and even millions of innocent people. The conflict in Rwanda involved two ethnic groups, Tutsis (the minority) and Hutus (the majority). Many people see the core of the conflict in the period of European colonization of Africa and especially the first part of the 20 th century, when European nationalism (as well as racism) spread all over the world (Spector 30). Of course, the ethnic conflict could be due to the course of the development of the Rwandan society. In a nutshell, Hutus who obtained signif
Introduction Behavioral health programs have in the recent past experienced changes at a fast rate (Sabin & Daniels, 2001). Health organizations either affiliate, multiply, merge or buy one another with the competing trend of the market economy. It has been argued that there is a need for the managed health care organizations to be accountable by proving that their programs and policies are geared towards promoting the necessary patient care despite the existing constraints due to inadequate resources (Sabin & Daniels, 1998). This paper will find out what issues have to lead to these changes and secondly, find what challenges are experienced when trying to find the data for measuring the outcomes of a behavioral health care organization. Issues contributing to behavioral healthcare organizations realize the growing need to reorganize, merge, network, or affiliate Organized mission and financial solutions Behavioral he
Introduction In the United States, the 19th century was marked by numerous social changes, the rise of the labor movement being one of the essential characteristics thereof. While the tension in the interracial relationships in the United States was increasing rapidly, the resurgence of the labor movement occurred, with the socialist principles serving as its foundation (Nichols and Unger 370; Eidlin 155). However, when dissecting the phenomenon of the massive labor movement observed in the United States in the 19th century, one should attribute it to the sharp increase in the rates of industrialization on the national level. Main body Being a direct response to the force that jeopardized people’s chances to retain their jobs, the labor movement was far from quiet in the U.S. Starting with major unrest, the movement continued challenging the changing perspective of the American social environment with the following farmer revolt in the 1890s (Foner 651; Knock 89). Therefore, one may posit that not only technological changes but also the inability of the government to transfer to the new type of economy without affecting the working class was among the main reasons for the movement to emerge and have a lasting effect on the American industrial environment. Furthermore, the increasing opportunities for introducing people to the political system of the United States and participating in it actively in accordance with the newly established democratic principles also played their role in spurring “the era’s greatest political insurgency” (Foner 652). The creation of the People’s Party in the early 1890s signified that a huge leap was made in society as the American population was provided with a chance to shape the political system and the economic environment (Foner 652). Conclusion Due to the introduction of industrialization into American society, the premises for the labor movement to originate and gain traction in the United States were built. While American society had not been established yet, and its values were very pliable, the foundation for the labor movement as the voice of ordinary citizens was laid. Despite the challenges that America had yet to overcome, including political, social, and economic concerns, U.S. society was evolving at a fast pace. Works Cited Eidlin, Barry. Labor and the Class Idea in the United States and Canada . Cambridge University Press, 2018. Foner, Eric. Give Me Liberty! 3rd ed., W. W. Norton & Company, 2016. Knock, Thomas J. The Rise of a Prairie Statesman: The Life and Times of George McGovern . Vol. 121, Princeton University Press, 2
How did Homer’s writings shape the Greek culture, especially the male? Homer was a great Greek poet who contributed immensely to the Greek culture. To a great extent, Homer was considered a great Greek teacher who contributed immensely to the Greek dialect (Powell, 2007). Homer’s contribution to the Greek culture was therefore based on his contribution to the Greek language. Since most of Homer’s works were in the form of speeches, the Greek culture borrowed from his works to develop its unique identity of persuasive speaking. In the same manner, Homer’s works also shaped Greek writing. This was evident in the immense contribution of Homer’s works in Greek papyrus findings (Powell, 2007). How has that translated into our own culture? How has it changed? Support your answers Homer’s influence in literature was not only confined to Greece. His works were seen as the culmination of Greek culture, and it represented the perception of other parts of the world about Greece. Homer’s works have been translated into western literature and studied in many schools across the US and Europe. In Western culture, Homer’s works have influenced the musical forms of literature (Powell, 2007). Many authors have tried to maintain the authentic content of the literature, and therefore, not much has changed from the original content. Describe the ancient Greek kouros. How is it both similar and different than Egyptian sculpture? What was its purpose? The similarities between Ancient Greek Kouros and Egyptian sculptures are superficial because there is a difference in the manner the two types of arts were created. Contrary to popular belief, Greek Kouros was designed to explain the mortal human body and not representative forms of the human self, such as politicians (Powell, 2007, p. 4). Its purpose was to explain the nature of the human form and its relationship with the natural environment. However, the two forms of arts (Greek and Egyptian) share some similarities in the sense that the ancient Greek Kouros traces their origin from the Egyptian sculptures. Early forms of Greek Kouros resembled Egyptian art (in the form) because ancient Greeks retained many aspects of Egyptian sculptures in their works. However, the difference between the two forms of art is evident from the tools used. The Greeks used iron chisels as opposed to the copper chisels used by the Egyptians (Powell, 2007). They were, therefore, able to create excellent marble carvings, which were different from the rough stones made by the Egyptians. Describe the Kritian boy.and explain how is it different than the kouros The Kritian boy is unique because it was used to discover the human body as a complete system. The statute is designed to support most of its weight on the left leg, while the right leg commands a relaxed pose, with a little bend on the knee. The pelvis of the sculpture is pushed diagonally upwards, and its spine takes an “S” form (which differentiates the sculpture from the Kouro because the Kouro was commemorative and votive in nature) (Powe
World Bank and IMF are monetary institutions that cannot be differentiated. This is evident by the difficulty which the founding father John Maynard Keynes admitting the confusion by names during an inaugural meeting held for the IMF. They are collectively known as Bretton Woods Institutions that act as twin intergovernmental pillars that focus on supporting the structure of the financial and economic order of the world. In the two organizations there creation was due to a need to ensure the division of labor (Harrigan 112). Both the bank as well as IMF are directed and owned by member nations’ governments. Besides, both institutions are concerned with the world economic issues; this is established through strengthening and broadening the economies of countries that are members of the institutions. Moreover, the two institutions normally hold annual meetings that are joined with extensive media coverage. In addition to this point, they jointly have their headquarters in Washington, D. C, and as such, they have access to similar facilities which include a library. The institutions further exchange economic data regularly, they in most cases present seminars that are joined, more often they hold informal meetings, and even sometimes send out occasionally joint missions to nations that are members. Regardless of these similarities, the World Bank and International Monetary Fund remain distinct (Johnson 84). The main difference is that World Bank functions primarily as a development institution, and on the other hand, International Monetary Fund functions as a cooperative institution whose main purpose is to ensure that member nations maintain a payment and receipt system that is orderly (Prince and Porter 92). Each institution has a distinct structure, a different purpose, gets its funding from varying sources, offer assistance to varying categories of members, and finally, they endeavor to achieve different targets and goals via methods odd to itself. Work Cited Prince, Danforth and Porter, Darwin. (2010). Frommer’s Spain . New York: John Wiley & Sons Harrigan, James. (2003). Handbook of International Trade . New York: John Wiley & Sons. reprint Johnson, E. Omotunde. (2000). Financial risks, stability, and globalization . USA: International Monetary Fund.
It article focuses on steps taken in translating the theory of evidence-based health informatics to practice. In this article, Rigby et al. (2016) want to demonstrate and promote the benefits for the application of the scientific process in the design and implementation of health IT. They used global experts’ reviews to achieve their study’s objective. The experts are linked to the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA). Important topics discussed in this article include detection and mitigation of health informatics’ safety issues, health technology assessment (HTA), and indicators of e-health progress. Patients’ harm prevention requires health care providers to translate evidence into practice and policy. Although health informatics have numerous benefits, they can disrupt healthcare delivery, risking patient safety (Rigby et al., 2016). Therefore, it is essential to address safety issues associated with the technology. The strategies proposed in this article to mitigate the safety issues include installation of safety management systems, setting standards, provision of guidelines and regulations, certification, and use of emergency safety issues’ surveillance. Safety management systems can help identify and alleviate risks throughout health informatics’ life cycle. Operational standards using the technologies can allow the management of clinical risks related to the design and implementation of health IT. Guidelines are important because they direct healthcare providers on how to use health informatics without jeopardizing patients’ safety. Equally, it is essential to have government agencies that regulate and certify technologies used in healthcare delivery. Also, facilities using health informatics should have a mechanism for monitoring and reporting incidences linked to the technologies to promote patient safety. HTA involves the evaluation of health technology’s features and effects to address its direct and unintended impacts. Additionally, the process helps address indirect and unplanned consequences of health technology, facilitating informed decision-making. Sedig et al. (2017) indicate that health informatics provide high-quality information needed in decision-making for evidence-based healthcare delivery. The common indicators of e-health progress identified in this research article include the healthcare system’s efficiency, improvement and care quality, as well as the equity of access to services. These indicators are important because they determine whether the evidence-based application of health informatics has positive impacts on the delivery of healthcare or not. The authors conclude that the use of scientifically valid evidence in the implementation of health informatics is vital because it can help know actual benefits, risks, as well as effects.
Introduction Australia is the smallest continent in the world. It lies in the South East of Asia and was discovered by James Cook. Originally Australia was inhibited by a people of a particular ethnic group called the Aborigines. Later, England claimed ownership of the country soon after the English people and many other immigrants from all over the world and from different cultural origins started moving into the continent. It is from this point that Australia’s culture started growing to one of the most diverse cultures of the world- from a single ethnic group Aborigines, to a mixed population with different cultures. Though the western culture is cropping up, Australia is now more westernized in the people’s way of dressing, foods taken/prepared and their general day to day lifestyle. Many people have been streaming into Australia since 1945 some running from poverty warring countries-to settle in peaceful regions- and in the process worked quite hard to fight poverty and live in harmony. These migrants have in turn enriched Australia in all their life aspects -cooking, comedy, science, business, art. Right, and sports (Harden, 2009, p23). The culture of making regional towns One of the cultures that have been developed in the regional towns is art. Art is a visual language of expression through which an artist communicates to the general public. The people of Sydney have made art their culture for it’s enjoyable and have thus worked to perfect it. Art and Culture give people an opportunity to explore their identity and also a sense of belonging as they can identify themselves with a certain community culture. Also provides a chance for national and international recognition to the creative outcomes. Above all the economic benefits are enjoyed by the people of the major towns in Australia. Australia’s large regional towns Melbourne and Sydney happen to be two among other large regional towns in Australia. These two regions among a few others are a ground to holding most of Australia’s festivities. Some of the cultures practiced in these two regions include; royal shows, boxing days, Jazz festivals, and food and wine festivals among other annual cultural celebrations. For instance Melbourne has at one time been ranked the world’s most lovable city basing on the rich culture, a favorable and conducive climate, average and affordable cost of living, very low crime rates and health care (Rawlings, 2010, p56). Sydney gets its name from a cave -
Introduction In order to survive in this era of globalization, various organizations are re-examining their management systems in order to attain competitive capacities to survive and remain relevant in their areas of operations. Organization Learning since its inception at the beginning of 1990s has received overwhelming attention as managers realize that they need to promote organizational change that is more suitable for the ever changing business environment that has become turbulent and complex (Cook & Yanow 1993). Garvin, Edmondson, and Gino (2008) argue that it is vital that companies should become learning organizations due the tougher competition, and shifting customer preferences. Globalization and competitive pressures (Cook & Yanow 1993) have compelled many organizations to promote learning at all levels; individual, team and organizational. According to Assmann (1995) interactions in organizations takes place between members and the physical surrounding as well. Differences between Cognitive and Cultural theories of Organizational Learning The argument in cultural perspective is based on the premise that organization learning is done by key individuals in the organization whose actions then influence the organisational change. On the hand, cultural perspective is based on the foundation that organizations learn because they have the capabilities just like those those human posses that allow them to learn. Therefore, cognitive perspective to organizational learning is viewed by Cook and Yanow (2005) as a compliment to the cultural perspective. They argue that the cognitive perspective treats organizational learning unequivocally as learning at the individual level while the cultural perspective on the other hand focuses on learning on a collective level, that is, the whole organization. Furthermore, cultural perspective is closely linked to those epistemological approaches that support collective learning. Shortcomings of the theories According to Cook and Yanow (2005), the basic problem that arises from the application of the cognitive theory is the fact that it is not possible to see cognition occurring in the organization. The Cognitive perspective of Organizational Learning is based on the assumption that “all deliberate actions had a cognitive basis, that it reflected the norms, strategies and assumptions as models of the world which had claims to general validity and that human action and learning could be placed in the larger context of knowing” (Argyris & Schon 1996, p.10). Consequently, people assume that cognition has been attained when they notice changes in the organization’s pattern of activities that result from actions of organization’s key individuals (Cook & Yanow 2005). From cultural perspectives Organizational Learning is not possible unless some learning first takes place in the executive subculture. Alternative approaches The approaches offered by the authors are to split the cognitive perspective into two approaches. The first approach that treats organizational learning as learning t