ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Magazine publishing research industry The UK magazine publishing industry has had tremendous growth in the recent past. Numerous magazines are available covering on different sectors of the industry. Magazines are read far and wide in the UK with some even being available to online users. They have been used for advertising on various commercial products and services, for job advertisement and also for lost and found properties and people. According to Periodical Publishers Association (PPA) (2009), the term magazine describes a “branded, edited content often supported by advertising or sponsorship and delivered in print or other forms.” Magazines contain various articles from different authors and are enriched by many advertisements. Many magazines are financed by the price paid for its purchase, the various advertisements they contain or subscriptions by various readers who pay before delivery (Frank, 2002, p.10). Magazines have published either weekly, monthly, semi quarterly or others which are regular. The production of magazines dates back to 1731 with the edition of The Gentleman’s Magazine by Edward Cave (Johnson &Prijatel, 2006, p. 2). According to PPA, in the UK, over 3000 consumer titles and 5000 business tittles are available for circulation with publishers selling an average of 40 million magazines annually to countries other than the UK. Furthermore, there is a launch of over 200 new magazine tittles annually with this industry employing more than 114,000 workers across the UK. On the amount spent on consumer magazines, the UK is the third spender in the whole of Europe. As this statistics indicate the magazine industry has gained much popularity in the 21 st industry due to its major benefits. Magazines have been used to tackle various global issues affecting us like the emission of green house gases and issues of recycling to help protect and conserve the environment (Frost, 2003, p.24). However, this industry has also caused carbon dioxide emissions and noticeable loss of natural habitat due to production of paper from trees (ecofx.org, 2009). These essay analyses key market sectors of the UK magazine publishing industry identifying the relevant and key issues relating to each of the sector. Magazine industry in the UK As noted above the media industry has had tremendous improvements and changes aimed at increasing the readership of the various magazines published. There is competition among different publishers trying to out do each other on coverage around the UK. This has led to major developments like electronic access of various magazines through websites and several links after payment of a subscription fee. Various magazines can now be ac
Evidence based healthcare (EBHC) is acquiring great deal of significance in recent times and increasingly, doctors and nurses are depending on EBHC to improve decision making and patient outcomes (Jahn, 2004). “The American Dental Hygienists’ Association (ADHA) and the American Dental Association (ADA) have policy statements on EBHC” (Jahn, 2004, p. 1). Evidence based health care involves the integration of “best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values” (Jahn, 2004, p. 1). Evidence based periodontal care is an approach in which the dental professionals and the patients make decisions about periodontal care based on best available information (Nield-Gehrig and Willman, 2006). Browsing the internet for scientific information is a great way to get evidence regarding possible treatment outcomes (Andrews, 2006). In the EBHC method, healthcare providers are encourage to look for and make sense of scientific evidence in the treatment process for periodontal care. The scientific information about treatments, drugs and devices is shared with the patients so that they are also involved in making informed decisions about their periodontal care (Nield-Gehrig and Willman, 226). “Assisted periodontal therapy: a new dental hygiene paradigm” by Lynne Slim and Cynthia Chillock (2008) declares that periodontal therapy whether surgical or nonsurgical needs to be based on research evidence and clinical results. They point to the fact that “periodontal diseases are now being increasingly linked to systemic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, and cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases” (Slim and Chillock, 2008, p. 1). This underlines the importance for patients to be well informed about their health status so that they can become more involved in the treatment process. Michael P. Rethman (2009) in his article titled “Where we go from here” says that new information has confirmed that “what appears to be the same disease from site to site or patient to patient may be quite different at tissue, cell, and molecular levels” (Rethman, 2009, p. 1). Rethman says as a result of these differences, duration between treatments may differ from one patient to another. While one particular patient may benefit from biweekly dental appointments, others may be able to go 2-3 years between appointments. He concludes that “optimal periodontal treatment and maintenance” is based on “knowledge-based and insightful interpretations and re-interpretations of site-specific information collected over time” (Rethman, 2009, p.1). In other words, Rethman agrees that EBHC is the best way to find out the optimal periodontal treatment and maintenance for a particular patient. In the article titled “Evidence-based health care” Carol Jahn (2004) says that evidence is most effectively implemented via clinical expe
Specific problems The specific problems I am seeking to overcome are caused by the present systems and procedures failing to cope with the increase in activities and transactions. As such, the homegrown systems, which have been in operation since the inception of the corporation, are no longer working as required. Similarly, the corporation needs to address the rising numbers of complaints launched by the suppliers and the customers. The present systems and the stopgap procedures, which the company heavily relied on, have impeded production. Also, these procedures and systems have resulted in unintentional penalties, which are both unproductive and not easy to rectify. The new expansion plans Since its inception, the company has been expanding rapidly. Currently, the company has more than three thousand five hundred employees. The company’s operations are situated in eight states in America and England, France, and Germany. In the next coming years, the company plans to expand its operations to Spain and Australia. The expansion plans will be made possible by the ERB system from SAP. SAP’s system is necessary for New Wave Corporation because it will aid it in addressing the challenges that have prevented it from becoming an integrated corporation. As such, the ERP system will ensure that the corporation attains a structural and architectural base before it plans to implement its expansion plans in the next four years. When a company is planning to expand its operations, it will need additional employees to collect and stock up merchandise, manage the operations, and come up with effective business (Compare Business Products 4). Contrastingly, an expanding company, will require a few individuals to undertake financial reconciliation and data entry tasks. Thus, New Wave Corporation will greatly benefit from an ERP system during the expansion phase. As such, the system can complete the above tasks with accuracy for the reason that it utilizes data in its database (Laudon 45). The objectives and strengths of an ERP System for a company To meet the objectives of our assignment, our team has conducted research focused on the primary suppliers of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. During the research, the team chose the SAP Company as the best provider of a comprehensive ERP System that would effectively achieve our objectives regarding the implementation of an enterprise-wide MIS system for the New Wave Corporation. Our objectives were to incorporate the internal and external data flows utilized by the company using a solitary and inclusive solution. Another major objective was to enhance the flow of data between every interior business function at the same time, supervise the connections to external stakeholders. Usually,
Annual report is a very important part of work of each company or corporation. It is a document which describes a companys activity throughout the whole year. It is made and published for customers to see what important processes occur in the company and to decide whether to continue commanding its services. That is why, companies are interested in creating bright and informative annual reports for people to chose them. Taking it into account, it is possible to analyze annual reports of the 3i Group plc and 888 Holdings plc and to compare the main ways of its organizing and methods to draw readers attention. At the first gaze, it becomes obvious that the report of the 888 Holding is brighter and, as a result, more attractive for a common reader. First pages are made in a very provocative manner, with a lot of colors and images. That is why, it is possible to say that this annual report is richer in visuals, than the report of the 3i Group , though there are also a lot of images in it but they are not so bright and striking. Both these reports are filled with information. However, it is presented in a simple manner, with a lot of graphs, diagrams and tables for a reader to see it more distinct. The report of the 3i Group contains more graphs and diagrams than the second report, however, each portion of the information presented with their help is explained and a clear summary is given (3i Group plc, 2013). That is why, statistics is clear and understandable there. Moreover, one more fact should be mentioned. Both reports are easy to understand. The language is simple and friendly. The main purpose of these reports is to engage a reader to use services of the company, that is why simplicity of language is one of the main remedies for a customer to understand the message of the report. It should also be mentioned, that some unpleasant moments are presented in the way which can confuse a reader and make him consider these phenomena to be positive. 888 Holdings is the most popular online gaming entertaining company that is why, it is obvious that there are some risks of losing money while using its services. However, the report presents this fact like one of the main advantages of this company, stating the fact that money can be lost only while playing, but not because of some drawbacks in the work of the company (888 Holdings plc, 2013). Both reports being rather clear, it should be said, however, that the report of the 888 Holdings is easier to understand. It is mainly due to the character of se
The corporation’s life cycle is a path that a company undertakes during its period of existence. This path consists of several steps, which are birth, growth, maturity, decline, and death, each consequently changing another. However, some businesses demonstrate that the life cycle is not so uniform, as the stages of decline and growth may occur in the maturity stage (Foster, 2010, p. 132). Sometimes companies even go straight from growth to decline and death. There are several means of extending the corporation’s life cycle, the most used of which are diversification and acquisitions. Moreover, the implementation of new strategies must be helpful if it is successful. Diversification is beneficial during the time of a changing economy (Verweire & Berghe, 2005, p. 74). Companies never know whether particular products or services will have growing sales in the future. Making additional offerings will ensure the business does not die during an economic crisis. The acquisitions of other businesses may help to survive the hard times when there is a low demand for the primary products of a corporation. The acquired business may keep high results, thus balancing the total revenues. Strategy implementation is a set of steps taken by the company to turn a designed plan into action. It is exercised after the formulation of a strategy. There are three steps, which are programs, budgets, and procedures. Programs are defined by the actions that are required for reaching the goals set by the strategic plan. Budgeting considers the finances that should be spent on the whole project. Finally, the procedures are the actual step-by-step guide for making changes. Three questions need to be addressed when dealing with strategy implementation. Firstly, there should be the identification of people who will handle the whole implementation process. Secondly, the actions must be defined that would change the existing operations of a company in agreement with the plan. Finally, there should be an understanding of how all the people would cooperate to reach the defined goals. It is usually considered that the amount of people required to implement a strategy is larger compared to its planning stage. Workers of each level should be part of the strategy implementation. The performance appraisal system is one of
During his career as a writer, William Faulkner created a series of interesting fictional characters, including Abner Snopes. Barn Burning is his short story about the Snopes family, followed by three larger novels. In it, the author covers Abner’s life in the post-war period and controversial methods of coping with unfavorable economic circumstances. Abner’s personality traits support him in pushing his agenda, which could promote his family’s well-being if used appropriately. He is a violent and aggressive man of impulse that requires ultimate loyalty from those related to him in any way (Faulkner 2). Also, he is a materialistic person and can turn to crime for his profit (Faulkner 3). Abner Snopes addresses the challenging economic situation with mixed success. Despite being a poor white farmer, Abner still has some livestock and a contract with a landowner, which helps his family to survive. However, constant conflicts with Mr. Harris, the landowner, undermine this fragile balance. After the landowner complains about Abner’s hog and attempts to impose fines, Abner asks a black servant to tell Mr. Harris that “wood and hay kin burn” and sets his barn on fire (Faulkner 1). Due to the lack of direct evidence against him, Abner does not get punished, and the family finds another landowner, Mr. De Spain, but Abner’s aggressiveness causes further obstacles to his family’s well-being. The narrator discusses Abner’s self-identity and the desire to be independent to create a well-developed antagonist that does not fit in society and whose bull-headedness puts his loved ones in danger. The events of his past, including being shot in a heel for theft, making him “walk a little stiffly,” imply that he has always been malevolent and prone to crime (Faulkner 3). In the present, if he does not have an opportunity to hurt someone through illegal methods, Abner never misses a chance to demonstrate his contempt and unwillingness to follow the rules. When his children finally hope that they have found a good landowner, Abner steps in horse droppings intentionally, makes the landowner’s rug dirty, and concludes that the house is “pretty and white” (Faulkner 8). These descriptions support the creation of an antagonist that harms others deliberately and with delight. Work cited Faulkner, William. Barn Burning . 1938.
Introduction Animal farm is a book that was written by George Orwell. This is a major piece of literature whose meaning, even if subject to interpretations among scholars, is clearly related to what the Russian revolution turned out to be. This paper is going to consider issues in this book under several sub-headings. Transformations that explain the change from the seven commandments to one commandment Several transformations did take place on the animal farm beginning from the overthrow of Jones. Initially the animals came up with seven commandments that had to be followed in order to have a harmonious living in the farm. When Napoleon takes over power, he starts to twist the commandments in order for them to suit his interests through the propagandist, Squealer. In this novel, step by step, these commandments are eroded up to the time the conclusion is made that “All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others” (133). Here what has started in an indirect manner is that all animals are not equal. This enables the pigs, or the ruling class, to behave like the human beings and engage in things carried out by human beings and other animals are exploited. Therefore the changing of the commandments serves to favor the ruling class. How Snowball and Napoleon think of political power Both Snowball and Napoleon are seen to be the animals that are the most intelligent. Each of them makes a choice of different tactics in the cause of the fight in which Napoleon emerges a winner. Snowball tends to have an interest that is genuine in regard to bringing improvement in the welfare of the animals on the farm. Snowball is idealistic and he has a strong believe in the seven commandments that have been set up. His greatest objective is to carry out the spreading of the revolution and to bring in the improvement of the general welfare of all the animals on the farm. In regard to politics in the actual sense, what Snowball is doing is attempting to win the animals’ interests as well as their loyalty. On the other hand, considering Napoleon’s style, this is seen to be the direct opposite of what Snowball stands for. He is ready to take his time carrying out a debate on Snowball, and in general terms he comes with ideas or opinions that are not in line with those of Snowball and in engaging in doing this, he brings about a conflict. The objective he has in mind is to strengthen his power over Animal Farm and makes sure he realizes its protection. He sees ahead and takes an initiative to secretly train young dogs and wins the loyalty of these dogs. This is an indication that he took the best option to be the “Coup”. Napoleon was ready to employ a democratic process to a particular lev
Introduction Why do football players cost so much? Why do players transferred from one club to another get so very high price of £82,500,000 while another players a sum of £21,000,000? What determines these prices and are they determined? All these questions poses a potent reason for a demand supply analysis of football players. This paper analyses the reason why players are given higher transfer rates and the economic theory that lies behind this transfer. The players that we choose for this analysis are Nacho Monreal from Arsenal and Jack Butland from Stoke City. Supply Demand Theory While discussing the price that footballers receive from the clubs are astronomically high. Some players receive very high transfer prices while others do not receive such high wages. The transfer costs are actually, in economic sense, the price, or the wages that is determined through the interaction of supply and demand. The footballers who have a very high degree of skill and have a proven past record are priced very high. The supply curve of a commodity as we know in economics is a positively sloping line, whereas in case of football players is a vertical line indicating a fixed supply. This is because, the service that the footballers have to offer is their skill sets as a player which cannot rise or fall with the price. It remains same at any price, showing a highly inelastic supply curve. However, the demand curve of the footballers is highly elastic that varies with the prices. When there is an interaction between the supply and the demand curves, and the price at which they interact, becomes the equilibrium price at which the player is transferred. This price is the transfer cost that clubs pay. Figure 1: Demand and supply curve of a footballer In figure 1 the supply curve is shown as a perfectly inelastic curve and the downward sloping demand curve shows that with an increase in the price of the player shows that the demand for the player would reduce. Skill Sets In case of Nacho Monreal from Arsenal and Jack Butland a comparison has to be made in terms of their skills. A comparison of their past performances shows that Nacho was a defender who had 2 goals to his credit, he had assisted in making 8 goals, in 35 matches he had played. On the other hand, Jack a goalkeeper, had conceded 69 goals and missed 13 goals in the 49 matches he had played. This shows that if a performance ratio is considered, Nacho’s performance was far better than that of Jack. Hence, it may be concluded that the higher price that was offered to nacho was due to the better performance he had shown in the previous matches he had played. The theory of marginal revenue product of the players demonstrates that the price of a product or marginal revenue of a product depends on the price of the last good that was sold and on the productivity of the good. In case of a football player, the marginal revenue i.e. the price the clubs are willing to pay for a player. This price also includes the ability of the player to draw sponsors and advertisements money. In a way, this is directl
In this scenario, the exporter sells commodities in Europe and all the payments are received in Euros. Therefore, a drop in the value of the Euro will be quite distressing to the exporter from a financial point of view. Despite the negative effects, the risks that are associated with a drop in the value of any currency can be controlled and alleviated in an efficient way. First, the exporter needs to monitor the trend of the exchange rate over a fixed duration. This can be achieved by observing the movements in the exchange rate. The outcome of this observation exercise will guide the exporter when making forward contracts that have fixed values (irrespective of the exchange rate). When traders anticipate that the value of the Euro will drop, then they can avoid entering into forward contract that have fixed values. Thus, when the value of the Euro decreases in value, the exporter will not be under contractual obligation to sell at a constant price. Instead, the exporter will be paid higher prices to compensate for a decrease in the value of the Euro. This strategy is quite useful to the exporter when they engage in large transactions that are sus