ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Executive Summary Tsingtao’s entry to the Thai market requires a robust project management approach. The project scope includes construction of a beer brewery, and establishing a value chain in Thailand. The technical requirements for the project include the construction of a brewery that can produce three million bottles of liquor monthly. The systems needed for the success of the project includes a change management system, and Project Management Office (PMO), and a risk management system. The project manager is a senior vice president of Tsingtao Beer. The project management team reports directly to the board. The main risks associated with the project arise from Tsingtao’s limited understanding of the business environment in Thailand. Tsingtao Beer Project Plan The Tsingtao Beer company is in the process of expanding its overseas operations to create new markets for its products. This document examines various aspects of the project plan developed to ensure the success of the new venture. The issues covered in this plan range from the work breakdown structure to project management tools and approaches used in the project. Scale and Scope of Project This project relates to the construction of the facilities for use in beer production in Thailand. A business development team from Tsingtao’s headquarters in Beijing will handle the commercial aspects of the project. The project objectives are as follows. Project Objectives The three objectives of this project are as follows.  1. The first objective of the project is to construct an operational brewery in Thailand with the capacity to handle the demands of Thai Consumers as well as to provide products for distribution in nearby markets.  2. The second objective of the project is to make preliminary business plans for the operations of the brewery. Major Deliverables Based on these objectives the list below provides the project deliverables associated with the project.  1. A fully functional beer brewery in Bangkok  2. Signed service and maintenance contracts with suppliers  3. Product supply contracts with rice farmers  4. A marketing strategy  5. Licenses, permits and regulatory approvals necessary for brewing operations in Thailand Milestones Table 1 below presents the milestones associated with the project Milestone                                                            Indicators
In simple terms, Islamic banking is a banking system that functions according to the guidelines laid down by the Shariah (Islamic law). “Islamic banking is banking based on Islamic law (Shariah). It follows the Shariah, called fiqh muamalat (Islamic rules on transactions). The rules and practices of fiqh muamalat were incorporated from the Quran, the Sunnah and other secondary sources of Islamic law” (Banking Info par.1). There are two basic principles on which the whole Islamic banking is based on. The first one is that in a partnership firm if the partners are ready to share the profits they should be ready to share the losses as well. In Islamic terms, this principle is called Mudharabah. The second principle prohibits the account holders to either pay or receive interest (Riba) on money borrowed or lent respectively. The Islamic banks also follow these principles in their own transactions. One might think that if no interest is to be given or taken then how the Islamic banking functions. Well, for this problem there is a solution in the Islamic banking system that the borrower can pay an amount (as agreed upon by the two parties) to the lender as a benefit. Now, since the Islamic banking is based on the Shariah, all the transactions are bound to follow the Islamic moral codes of conduct. As such, there is a prohibition to investments or doing businesses engaged in intoxicating products such as alcohol, games such as gambling and foods such as pork. Historical context of islamic banking The past of Islamic banking may be better understood if it is explained in two different parts; first, when there was only the idea of an interest-free banking and second, when the idea was conceived into being by some private inventiveness is some nations and by the government initiative in some others. The earlier scholars (in 1950s) promoted the idea of interest free banking and called it the Islamic banking system. The ensuing two decades witnessed further interest among people towards this kind of banking. The advent of 1970s witnessed the participation of institutions in this sector. “Conference of the Finance Ministers of the Islamic Countries was held. The involvement of institutions and government led to the application of theory to practice and resulted in the establishment of the Islamic banks” (Hannan par. 10). Owing to the efforts of the conference attendees, Islamic Development Bank (IDB) came into being in the year 1975. ‘The Islamic Banker’ claims that, “The first model of Islamic banking system came into picture in 1963 in Egypt. Ahmad Al Najjar was the chief founder of this bank and the key features were profit sharing on the non-interest based philosophy of the Islamic Shariah” (The Islamic Banker par. 3). Also, “In 1974, the Organization of Islamic Countries (OIC) had established the first Islamic bank called the Islamic Development Bank (IDB). The basic business model of this bank was based on providing financial assistance and support on profit sharing basis” (The Islamic Banker par. 3)
The Mayo Clinic website provides the public with a lot of information on the services and research realized by representatives of the clinic as the medical research organization specializing in treating problematic cases that require the proper or additional research. The web site presents complete information on the aspects of patient care and research realized within the organization. It is possible to find the information on diseases treated in the clinic according to their symptoms and conditions. The information is classified alphabetically. Diseases and symptoms are provided with detailed descriptions about the causes, tests, and prevention therapies. The user of the website can also check his or her symptoms with the help of a Symptom Checker and find possible causes of the malaise ( Mayo Clinic , 2013). Detailed information with definitions, descriptions, and instructions is provided on drugs and supplements. The information on drugs is classified according to the type and alphabetically. For instance, having chosen Oxymetazoline as the drug of interest, it is possible to find the information on the US brand names, description of the effects, and the aspects of prescribing and using references to the possible side effects ( Mayo Clinic , 2013). Furthermore, all the associated information on drugs or biologics is presented in the articles. Thus, a person can learn which forms of Vitamin E are available and what amount is necessary for a man to follow a healthy lifestyle ( Mayo Clinic , 2013). The clinic also proposes such services as the preparation of tests and required procedures. A client has an opportunity to receive all the necessary information on the details of the service with the help of a list organized in alphabetical order according to which the information on preparations, the effectiveness of the procedure, and results can be found. The information in articles is prepared by the Mayo Clinic employees who are experienced in realizing this or that procedure. Thus, while focusing on the details of the brain deep stimulation, it is possible to learn important information about the elements of the process and its effects for treating such diseases as Parkinson’s disease or dystonia ( Mayo Clinic , 2013). The section about diseases and treatments is also significant for receiving useful information on the range of services proposed by the clinic. For instance, a client can search for add
Introduction Administrative Law is the section of law which integrate several areas of law that include procedures and regulations for government agencies and bodies, it enforces power of agencies, defines scope of agency authority mainly individual privacy. The assignment shall evaluate on whether a ruling which was done to automatically terminate licenses of commercial pilots at the age of 60 if it denied them their opportunity to be heard and the appropriate decision which the court should reach in this lawsuit. Age discrimination The ruling is discriminatory on age as it has denied the commercial pilots whose age is more than 60 years. Such control on licensing should be stipulated on the administration of pilot licensing which should specify the age limits that one is required. According to Carter & Harrington, (2009) rulemaking is the greatest inventions in modern government and it uses ruling to administer agencies and its judgment does not depend on any information generated by the parties which are contending. Therefore, any of groups or citizen is free to submit their evidence. At times the power of agencies to issue ruling has led most of the agencies to fear on legislative power which modern administration has (Davis, 2007). Politicians have as well expressed their concern on such agencies which has such legislative rulemaking authority would become much too powerful. Masur, (2007) argued that agencies do not need rulemaking limits because they act in legislative manner although fear of administrative dictatorships has been replaced by concerns about administrative ineffectiveness. Licenses termination Termination of licenses of the pilot is mainly based on age discrimination which is against the discriminatory law which stipulates that. Employees should not be discriminated in terms of age or any other differences but for the case of this case the pilots are being discriminated (Harrington & Christine, 2006). However, termination of the licenses would not deny the opportuni
Introduction Speaking about the methodology and range of sources available in the study of history, it should be mentioned that history is a living and breathing thing that is constantly developing. Historians are always in the process of rethinking and reviewing the events of the past, discovering new meanings of the events and new details of the studied material (Brundage, 2002, p.16). That is why every remnant of the past can stand the historians in good stead. These “remnants of the past” are called primary sources. So, something that was created during the time under study or is directly connected with the studied period and can make a contribution to the process of studying may be called a primary source. According to S. H. Veccia (2004), Primary sources are manuscripts, first person diaries, oral histories, letters, interviews, photographs, maps, films, sound recordings, music, song sheets – fragments of history, incomplete in themselves, but when assembled, analyzed, and researched, they can provide personal insights, human drama and deep historical understanding (p.3). Consequently, when the question is about secondary sources, they mean a source that interprets and analyzes the primary source. It can be said that these sources are removed from the actual event, but at the same time they may contain some abstracts from the primary sources, like photos, pictures, quotations etc. If we say that primary sources may be regarded to as “raw material”, then it can be said that secondary sources convert the raw material into history. Main Body The notions of primary and secondary sources The following examples of secondary sources may be set: textbooks, commentaries, critique, encyclopedias. Usually, the material of a textbook covers a certain historical period, but there are also basic textbooks covering just major events without their detailed analysis. This is also the way with encyclopedias, the main purpose of which is to give the reader brief information on the point. The range of primary and secondary sources Speaking about the range of primary sources, it should be stated that they may be divided in two vast types: written records and material objects. Though “written records tend to predominate as source materials in most fields of history, in others (particularly ancient and medieval) there is often heavy reliance on artifac
Introduction Operational management is the part of the business that engages in the improvement of the quality of goods and services by ensuring that business operations are proficient and effective. This is achieved through better management of resources and the use of better distribution forms of goods and services to customers with a view to increasing production. The major issues facing Tom and Mason include The fact that each mold had to meet exacting unique standards poses the problem of time, demand in labor, and resources. This is because the fabrication process alone requires high skills involving the design engineer and the machinists that can only start after the purchasing department has ordered the specific materials and tools. This makes the manufacture of unique molds cumbersome and time-consuming which leads to delays and low returns from production. The limited capacity of productivity of this company has led to the concentration of its sales efforts on supplying parts that were used in limited quantities for research efforts and pre-production pilot runs. The concentration of production efforts on these activities, in turn, led to the low concentration on attending to consumer orders. This in return resulted in delays in honoring orders and also compromised the quality of products the company produced. It is evident that there is a personnel shortage as the design team after a review of the design specifications gives the mold specifications to the master machinist for fabrication. The fabricating process takes only three to five days and the testing and inspection up to a few days. However, this period extends from two to four weeks depending on the workload the machinist has already scheduled to do. This, therefore, indicates the shortage of personnel in this given area if not in all other divisions. The other issue facing this company is the ordering of raw materials and special tooling that takes three to four weeks. This long process is a problem in that it pushes the time taken for an order to be met with the three to four weeks the process takes. This implies that the ordering process is cumbersome and tedious thus the need for immediate intervention to reduce the time taken to meet orders and also create enough time for the production process. This will enable the company to produce better quality items to avoid the return of faulty products that have been taking place. Another issue that is facing the company is the order of materials when orders have already been placed. This can be corrected by ordering the required materials in advance so as to be able to resume the production of ordered items as soon as the orders are placed. This will further
What is an American? Is an American defined by his skin color? His place of birth? Maybe his nationality? Some people say that being an American is defined by the way you see yourself within the context of a greater meaning. So one has to assume that the definition of what it is to be an American means different things for different people. In my opinion, I believe that none of these connotations actually define what an American is.IHow do I define what an American is? It is my personal belief that being an American is more of a state of mind than anything else. To be an American means that your knowledge of your country’s history is steeped in national history and current events. It means that you understand the heritage of our nation is based upon an inborn quest for freedom, equality, and democracy for the people of this land. Being an American to me means that I am able to stand up for those who are weak and defend those who cannot defend themselves. Some of us were lucky enough to be born in this so-called land of plenty. Others, were priveledged enough to be granted immigrant or, in some cases, citizenship status, in order to reside in this great country. Some people believe that is what defines being an American. The fact that we never seem to want for anything and that the government will always provide for even our barest of neccessities is something not all nations can be proud of. American know how to take care of their own. However, that is not all that an American is. It also means knowing how to share with those less fortunate than us. The reality is that there are those who still need and want for even the barest necessities like shoes on their feet and food on the table. An American is defined by his ability to empathize with those less fortunate. He or she has the desire and initiative to actually go and try to remedy a bad or pitiful situation to the best of their abilities. Being an American is not defined by skin color. For one thing, my skin color does not say anything about me as a person or as an American. Rather, my skin color only serves as the basis of how I am expected to conduct myself as an American. The country has never judged anybody by skin color or race. Instead it tells you to go ahead and be the best that you can be in order to define who and what an American can truly be. It is the part of me which dictates the drive and desire that I have to become the best American that I can be. An American is a term that defines many of the fantastically wonderful traits that has made this nation of ours a great and enviable member of the international community. An American is a person who understands that he is looked upon by the global community to be an exemplary leader in all fields. He is a person who belie
The language in Federico Garcia Lorca’s House of Bernarda Alba carries a criticism of Christianity alluding that the merits of Christianity have decreased to a stage where they no longer serve humankind at all. Federico García Lorca is the most commonly recognized writer of the 20 th century. In his poetry and plays, Lorca combined lyric and dramatic elements with a sense of tragedy and ritual. He mixed a feeling of popular rhythms and songs, especially those of Andalusian gypsy or flamenco origin, with childhood memories, the mysterious, the absurd, and the irrational. His poetry and drama address the tensions in themes of hate and desire, sex and motherhood, and death and revenge. The power and richness of Lorca’s works place him among the most outstanding figures of world literature. Lorca was considered to be great in experimenting with poetic and dramatic forms. He was influenced by the diversity of new creative forms that started to appear rapidly when he lived. The surrealism term is usually related to various works of Lorca which refer to a particular period of literary history. But it is also often used to illustrate a variety of techniques that seek to express the human subconscious. Lorca’s masterpiece “The House of Bernarda Alba” contains a large number of symbols due to surrealism. Lorca mentioned many aspects and objects that refer to the double meaning of their definition in both conscious and unconscious manner. The unconscious double meaning of the language words is represented by archetypes. The term was introduced by a psychologist, Carl G. Jung. The analysis of language structure and some examples will provide the understanding and reasons which will attempt to explain some of the unconscious meanings and original considerations of Federico Lorca. The research will put efforts to carry out the analysis of Lorca’s language and archetypes used in “The House of Bernarda Alba” and will find out the impact of language used on Christianity. The results of the work should also be considered important as it will try to explain the society in “The House of Bernarda Alba”, and also Lorca’s point of view. Jung stated that an archetype represents an inherited point of view about the surrounding world which originates from the experiences of the community and is a part of a person’s personality. The archetype extremely relates to the community’s subconsciousness. The play includes a lot of archetypes. For instance, some of th
Commentary on First Out of Africa In my opinion, the documentary First Out of Africa is rather provocative in terms of revealing the complex questions of the human evolution and origins, as well as the right of people to explore and disturb the isolated tribes to find answers to research questions. During thousands of years, the Andaman Islands were inhabited by the unique isolated tribes, the population of which differed significantly from the Asian and Pacific populations. I hold the view that it is the scientifically significant discovery that these people were descendants of the humans migrated from Africa about 60,000 years ago and living isolated for more than 40,000 years (“First Out of Africa”). On the one hand, it was important for the anthropologists, biochemists, historians, and sociologists to learn why the inhabitants of these islands were similar to the African people. On the other hand, the life of these islanders was disturbed because of researchers and other white people’s visits. My impression is that the research is rather important to understand the origins of the humans and discover the evidence for the early migration of Africans. From this point, the documentary provides the complete discussion of the topic. Still, I was concentrated on the idea that those unique people are at risk of vanishing. My own feeling is that the life of these people should be preserved to protect their culture and language from disappearing. The documentary is effective to represent how the people originated from the pre-agricultural Africans try to survive nowadays. I think that the Indian government should pay more attention not to contacting these people, but to preserving their unique lifestyle. Commentary on 12 Years a Slave Speaking personally, 12 Years a Slave