ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction What do you think a life without a computer would look like? Technology is a fundamental aspect of our society and therefore it is hard to imagine existing without it. Read “A World without Computers” essay below to find out more. Since the development of the first computer, technology experienced an exponential growth that has led to the concept of globalization and the enhancement of the quality of life for people across the world. It is apparent that the computer technology fostered many positive changes in the society, and computers are an indispensable part of the modern society because they have enhanced the survival of humans. Communication One of the major contributions of the computer technology in the world has been the enhancement of the quality of communication. The computer technology alongside the discovery of the internet has eliminated the slow communication platforms that were used in the past (Boothroyd 2011). For instance, without the computer technology, people would have to communicate with their distance relatives through letters. It would be extremely slow to share information with relatives from different parts of the world, and it would be especially difficult to be updated on different global developments (Olsen 2012). Computers facilitated instant messaging and access to information from the mass media companies across the world. Additionally, the growth of the social media platforms has made the world a global village where people from different parts of the world can share information easily. Living without the computer technology would be characterized by slow and limited access to information. Health Care Living without the computer technology would also be characterized by a high mortality rate because the quality of the health care services would be very low compared to the status in the modern world. It is apparent that computers have facilitated the development of technologies that have enhanced preventive health care in the world, as well as the development of medications for various illnesses. Computers are used to analyze different specimens in laboratories to detect illnesses and their potential remedies (Hawkin 2012). Without computers, health care providers would only rely on the knowledge of symptoms to treat patients. This would result in many deaths because illnesses like cancer would not be easily detected without the use of the computer technology. Human Skills The computer technology has become an indispensable aspect of the modern world. Scientists have overly concentrated on the enhancement of the capabilities of the computers instead of investing in the enhancement of human skills (Baldry 2012). It is apparent that computers have taken over different jobs and made human skills obsolete (Ford 2016). The world without computers would compel the authorities to invest in human skills and knowledge, and this would result in a society that is highly specialized in different doctrines. Th
Ideas About Society in the Ancient World Society becomes an object of analysis even before the personality itself. After all, in the primitive state, the personality almost does not distinguish itself from the genus, although the person begins to reflect and evaluate. In the middle of the first millennium BC, the awareness of the inevitability of social inequality resulted in a conceptual justification of its necessity. In the East, a critical rethinking of the social attitudes embedded in the mythological consciousness was carried out in the teachings of Buddha, Confucius, and Zarathustra. Their teachings became a rational justification and then religious and ethical support that supports social stability in society. The first direction is represented by the teaching of Plato, who considers this idea in the famous work “The State.” He believed that in an ideal state, social inequality is a means of maintaining social stability but by no means obtaining benefits for the upper strata. The second direction was developed by Epicurus and Aristotle and defended the priority of individual interests and protecting the individual’s right to indivi
The merger between HP and Compaq elicited several issues. Indicatively, there are critical lessons about corporate strategy that can be learnt from this merger. The acquisition was unique from other dominant mergers that have occurred in the recent past. The stock market played a crucial role in the acquisition process. This strategy enabled HP to develop a potential stepping-stone towards a remarkable global performance. The corporate strategy applied also enabled HP to acquire the largest share, (64 percent) of the total value. The next strategy involved the absorption of Compaq employees in HP. This integration also included the senior board members of the company. The strategy was vital since it enabled the protection of key interests of Compaq. Particularly, this is critical in the process of decision-making and policy formulation. The acquisition involved the establishment and analysis of product plans. This important observation enabled HP to continue dealing in the Compaq products. However, the product brand changed and combined both the companies. The strategy has enabled a successful process of marketing and product promotion during the period of merger. The two companies also rationalized the product lines. Apart from this, they engaged in the harmonization of branding and outlook. This initiative enabled Compaq to continue with its client base and market orientation. Hp decided to operate within four major frontlines and divisions. In the acquisition deal, the IT infrastructure division was slotted for Compaq’s leadership. The president of the Compaq was to provide the critical leadership in this special division. Operating within four divisions managed at a focal point was a transformational and unique corporate strategy. The fundamental objective was to enable Compaq to exhaust all its products and attain its projected level of efficiency. HP chipped in to augment the low level of organic development evident in Compaq. Another significant strategy for the merger process was the development of a uniform business model. This strategy entailed the engagement of expert advice and assistance. Key partners from the two companies tested the operational structure. The testing process provided a chance for identification and classification of expected challenges. A remarkable length of time was used for rationalization. During this period, several operations were undertaken. These included the closure of several manufacturing plants. The merger also made specific improvements on different joint operations. These included improvements on product brands, manufacturing and delivery systems. Observably, the acquisition process applied diverse strategies that are crucial for effective learning and development. The Advantages and Disadvantages Associated With the Strategies Followed By Dell and HP The corporate strategy applied by the two companies during the process of acquisition has notable disadvantages and advantages. For instance, the strategy enabled a smooth and suc
One of the key conditions from Carl Rogers’s humanistic theory is congruence; the other two are unconditional positive regard and empathic understanding. Congruence is the act of being real or genuine, and it helps in making therapists more empathic towards their clients (Mearns & Thorne, 2007, p. 119). This involves the therapist coming down to the level of the client by dropping titles such as doctor, professor, psychoanalyst and psychotherapist. The fear that clients have for the titles, coupled with the way some therapists present themselves with authority, create a barrier that in most cases intimidates them, making them unable to open up (Irving & Dickson, 2006, p. 184). For a genuine conversation to take place, the client must be treated as an equal partner, failure to which he tailors the answers to match what he perceives as the therapist’s expectations. Clients should act as catalysts to the healing process as each person with a psychological condition has a significant role to play in his or her recovery (Rogers, 1951, p. 60). By realising one’s abilities, one can find solutions to the troubles that disturb him or her. Consequently, the therapist should only act as a medium for communication but should not provide solutions to the client (Rogers, 1951, p. 71). The counsellor’s role is to offer structure and guidance with the intention of enabling the client to discover the solution to his problem by himself. The importance of congruence is that it helps the counsellor to come into a direct contact with the client; as a result, the client’s feelings can be communicated without any barriers. The orientation and mind-set of the counsellor are instrumental in the decisions made by the client (Rogers, 1951, p. 64). For instance, when one visits a show room, it is possible to know that the salesperson’s smile is not real and is only generously being offered since he is after a sale. Congruence also dissolves the strangeness of the counsellor; inscrutability evokes the misapprehension of power while openness dissolves it (Mearns & Thorne, 2007, p. 124). However, authority dynamics are important forces in the friendly one-to-one associations, which can be abused or misinterpreted. Another importance of congruence occurs when the counsellor is willing to disclose his own weaknesses. The therapist can become powerless, confused, mistaken and sometimes apologetic as a result of his congruent reaction towards the client (Mearns & Thorne, 2007, p. 125). This therapist’s openness on his weaknesses can bring about self-acceptance in a client who spends his life in fright of his flaws (Mearns & Thorne, 2007, p. 125). The other important factor relates to the key objective of counselling where the client is willing to be congruent himself. Every client looks forward to represent his or her feelings in an accurate and straightforward way rather than disguising or hiding them (Mearns & Thorne, 2007, p. 125). Consequently, the therapist cannot display something that contradicts the required therapeutic outcome; it would be both perverse and inappropriate for the
From a normative perspective, hooks’ thesis is that feminism is open to all willing to struggle against a system of intersecting oppressions, including men. On the other hand, there is a historically, politically, and economically determined point of intersection between parts of the feminist movement and the conservative media. This point is precisely the question of men’s participation in the feminist movement. I agree with hooks’ position that the feminist movement could not have been discredited as anti-male if it had paid more attention to finding more emancipatory perspectives on masculinity analysis. She argues that sexism, racism, and homophobia are linked and that all forms of oppression must be addressed in order to defeat them (hooks, 2021). It is also impossible to disagree with this position of the writer. The anti-male stance of some feminists coincides with the interest of conservatives in portraying feminism as a misogynist movement. On the other hand, male socialization may indeed present a problem from a feminist perspective. However, in traditional society, not only women’s but also men’s status is framed by a set of clichés. If gender equality were to become a reality, men, too, would gain freedom of choice and self-expression. A key challenge for today’s media is to promote gender sensitivity in journalists, which means being able to see any social problem from a gendered perspective. As long as journalists do not see a social problem, they do not talk about it; therefore, they do not raise it in their stories. Journalists’ knowledge of a problem is the first step toward making it relevant because what the media report on is socially significant. This focus on excluding and exaggerating differences does not lead to reinforcing gender stereotypes. Rather, it can be considered as a new way of looking at the pressing issues of ethnicity, identity, and sexuality. Indeed, all media not only reflect but also construct reality. Here, it should be noted that modern journalists cannot do without a clear methodology for creating texts that take gender into account. Language is first and foremost a reproduction of power relations, and discursive practices have their footing in intersubjective communication. Consequently, it can be said that changes in language through feminist literary criticism have served as a means of shaping a feminist paradigm of profound societal change. certainly, men and women still perceive and interpret the world differently, which is due to differences in their life experiences. The latter, in turn, is caused by biological factors and the historically established division of labor, but there is no need to absolutize this fact. There are similarities between women and men because they are representatives of the same species; they are, first of all, human beings who tend to think similarly. bell hooks says that the representation of African-Americans in pop culture takes place in the context of white supremacy and the normalization, the acceptance of that supremacy. The images of movie characters are closely tied t
Leonardo Da Vinci’s ‘The Last Supper’ One of the main aspects of Renaissance paintings is the fact that most of them can be defined as perceptually realistic. That is, by being exposed to these paintings, observes recognize the three-dimensionality of depicted objects. The validity of this suggestion may be well illustrated in regards to Leonardo Da Vinci’s painting The Last Supper , which depicts Jesus Christ having a supper with his apostles, while knowing that he will be crucified the next day. What accounts for the earlier mentioned qualitative subtlety of this particular painting is that, while working on it, Da Vinci took a practical advantage of the artistic technique of a linear perspective, which in turn explains the apparent realism of the actual image in question (Sayre 275). For example, the left and right walls in the room are represented in such a manner, as if spatially extended; they would ‘converge’ at the horizon. This, of course, strengthens the painting’s illusion of a three-dimensional ‘in-depthness’ – hence, contributing to Da Vinci artwork’s life-likeness. The same can be said about the rectangularly shaped carpets (?) that hang on these walls. The further they are situated from the observer’s viewpoint, the smaller they appear in size. Moreover, the fact that, just as it is being the case with walls, these carpets also seem to be visually receding towards the ‘vanishing point’, also emphasizes the concerned painting’s perceptual integrity. The painting’s realness is accentuated even further by the fact that the elements of a landscape, seen through the window, also appear thoroughly consistent with the principle of a linear perspective, which stresses out that people always perceive remotely located objects, as being much smaller than the equally sized ones, located in the immediate vicinity (Grossberg 470). Nevertheless, it would be inappropriate to suggest that the manner, in which Da Vinci went about deploying the earlier mentioned artistic technique, was solely concerned with the artist’s intention to make his painting representationally realistic. This is because; the aspects of this painting’s three-dimensionality also appear to convey a certain semantic message. For example, it is not a pure coincidence that in the painting, Jesus is situated directly in front of the ‘vanishing point’. Apparently, Da Vinci wanted to make sure that, while exposed to The Last Supper , observers would be subtly prompted to think that, allegorically speaking, ‘all roads lead to Jesus’. This also explains why Da Vinci made a deliberate point in using the image of a blue sky (seen through the window) as a background for the painting’s main character – by doing it, the artist strived to promote the idea that it is specifically the ‘kingdom of heaven, where Jesus truly belong. Claude Monet’s ‘Waterlillies’ Even though that the deployment of a linear perspective is commonly justified in the realist/classical paintings that depict action (such as the one, analyzed earlier), the same cannot be said about the paintings that reflec
Well-developed logistics system has strategic importance in terms of efficient product distribution and supply chain management. However, although mass merchandizing technique allows ATB Manufacturing company to stand the fast-growing competition, it creates challenges for developing appropriate logistics system and inventory control. Within a broader network of a supply chain management, logistics is a multi-stage process that involves a number of such important operations as warehousing, transportation, materials handling, inventory, and packaging that are integrated under unified production process. Therefore, it requires a great amount of resources, including recruiting more staff and developing new human resources strategies (Shapiro 314). In addition, advances in technology can also eliminate the communication problem between the logistics warehouses and delivery destination points so that each unit will be able to share all necessary information in the most efficient and timely manner. The ATB Manufacturing company is a bright example illustrating what challenges it should face while developing mass merchandising strategy through development high quality inventory control (Aliawadi and Singh 184). In this respect, there should be an integrated logistics department that could coordinate all deliveries irrespective of destination and schedule. With the above-described logistics challenges, the mass merchandising strategy should be reconsidered to decide what should be made to improve logistics process, including warehouse storage and delivery terms. In this respect, the criteria for the decision-making process should correlate with both mass trading and logistics to adjust to high competition. In this respect, the ATB Manufacturing company should be more concerned with efficient supply chain management principle that can introduce a harmonized system of logistics, serving the basis for mass merchandising. As soon as the company learns the main aspects of logistics, the managers will be able to meet the highest requirements of customers, as well as take control of the costs (Gattorna 567). Logistics creativity is also critical for enhancing communication between various supply chains of production and points of mass merchandising (Fernie 88). The existence of diverse consumer sectors testifies to the diversity of demand for goods and services. Mass customization constitutes strong evidence of movement toward shifts in terms of large marketing segments with a high variety of services. The decision-making process should be interrelated with logistics department and mass distribution of products. The rapid growth of competition introduces the ne
Introduction and background Best Buy is considered to be the largest US technology and entertainment retailer. Company’s vision statement is “Making Life Fun & Easy” (Walden, 2006, p. 34). The company has managed to achieve this goal and make everything possible to satisfy its clients. The company has come through a number of conditions which have led it to where it is at the moment. The company was established in 1966 as a single music store and due to the successful practices, like leveraging competencies, implementing low prices, building “a hybrid strategy of low end and top end product offerings” (Why Best Buy has always had the best strategy, 2008, p. 22), introducing new digital products, blending of “building new skills to keep pace with technological change and acquiring new stores in new territories, along with leveraging retailing skills” (Why Best Buy has always had the best strategy, 2008, p. 22), and forcing current customer-centered strategy, it has become a leader at the American market among the entertainment retailers. Customer-Centricity and the Management Ideas for Achieving Set Goals Therefore, the company has put a goal, to become a customer-centered company by means of achieving the following human resource philosophies, (1) recognizing employees’ talents, (2) developing HR capabilities for employees’ personalization, (3) focusing on strategic differentiation, and (4) applying leadership in the business, and directing those at achieving a set aim (Walden, 2006, p. 35). To achieve the set goal, it is important to implement managerial practices and use adequate decisions. Management Science Theory The company should implement management science theory in order to make decisions maximum effective and profitable. The use of quantitative techniques in making decisions helps mangers implement necessary tools which perfectly fit the situation (Jones & George, 2011, p. 62). Leverage and building along with Hamel and Prahalad matrix helps the company achieve the goals it has. Living in the modern world, management should use all the possible sources of decision making. Programmed and Non-Programmed Decisions Best Buy should use both programmed decision making and non-programmed ones. The main idea of programmed decision making is to use the practices and strategies which were successful for other companies and can be implemented by Best Buy. Non-programmed decisions should also be covered as these decisions are unique and directed only at the specifics of the company functioning (Jones & George, 2011, p. 214). Planning and Strategy The contemporary world is changing fast, however, it is impossible to implement desired customer-centered approach without careful planning and constant revision of those strategies. The main idea of planning is identification and selection of appropriate goal, while strategy is a “cluster of decisions about what goals to pursue, what actions to take, and how to use resources to achieve goals” (Jones