ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Executive Summary Cooley is a well-known and long-established large producer of Irish whiskey. However, with the recent emergence of new competitors, who bring with them impressive competitive advantages, Cooley has found itself to have lost its position as a world-renowned organization. Urgent rebranding is needed to develop a new competitive advantage, make the company more efficient, and, thus, regain is foothold within the industry. It is suggested that the use of the MBO tool as the primary exit strategy and the following rearrangement of the firm’s priorities will help Cooley re-establish itself as a globally renowned brand. Furthermore, it will be recommended that a strong emphasis should be placed on quality improvement processes, as well as the search for a brand image that would help develop a competitive advantage (Joseph, 2016). Finally, the focus on innovativeness and resourcefulness as the key assets of the organization are suggested as the ultimate means of bringing Cooley back into the target market. Once the identified qualities are in place and used to develop a sustainable approach to costs, management, and marketing, a significant improvement can be expected. Cooley must strive towards unceasing quality improvement and hold this as its corporate philosophy. Cooley Distillery Individual Case Cooley Distillery has been operating in the alcoholic beverage (AB) industry for a number of years, gaining impressive recognition. The focus on using traditional recipes and natural ingredients allowed for developing a particularly strong competitive advantage, which, in turn, served as the basis for establishing a strong presence in the Irish market. However, as new companies started appearing and offering innovative products of higher quality, the company started to lose its appeal to its target customers. To reverse this new negative situation, the company should consider an MBO option with the following redesign of the firm’s branding strategy and the introduction of a new model of risk management so that Cooley’s financial assets can be used efficiently. Figure 1. VRIO Framework: Assessment of Cooley. Cooley: Strengths and Weaknesses Much to its credit, Cooley has a range of advantages that could be harnessed to make the firm more competitive. In particular, one can highlight the fact that the firm has been known for its ability to take risks in the past and adopt innovative approaches to solving various problems. Furthermore, it can be seen that Cooley has been striving to use its available resources in as rational and efficient a manner as possible. As such, it is reasonable to assume that the company’s approach toward resource management is based on sustainable use and cost-efficiency. Strengths:   * Resourcefulness   * Willingness to take risks   * Innovativeness. Weaknesses:   * Poor cost management strategy   * Poor risk management strategy   * Lack of strategic thinking. As the list
Introduction The British Empire was the strongest empire between the 16 th and the 20 th centuries. Several factors accelerated its rise to prominence. This paper discusses these factors using information from a book titled the History of the British Empire . The Location of the Document I visited the Beaton Institute’s official website and clicked on the archive search option. I then typed the British Empire and it opened the Google Custom Search option. Google search opened seven other options. I clicked on the “Great Empires” and several other options were revealed. However, I realized they were not the ones I wanted. Therefore, I had use the new search space to refresh my search. So, I once again typed “the British Empire” in the search space. The new search engine, “Search CBU and Beyond” gave me ten results, and I chose a book titled “The History of the British Empire” by Julian Birkett, Basil Comely and Jeremy Paxman. Relevant Historical Context The British Empire was the biggest empire at its peak, between the end of the 16 th century and the 18 th century (Paxman, Comely & Birkett, 2012). It included the entire United Kingdom and its colonies. As such, it covered approximately 33, 700, 000 square kilometres. This was about a quarter of the world’s surface area. It had close to 460 million subjects under its leadership (Paxman, Comely & Birkett, 2012). Due to its expansive region, it was nicknamed “the Empire on Which the Sun Never Sets”-at least one of its colonies saw the sun when it was night elsewhere. Portugal and Spain were the pioneers in matters of exploration and later colonialism. They amassed massive amounts of wealth, which attracted England, Netherlands and France to the colonization of other countries in the world. Winning the series of wars that broke up between England and these two other countries and later its union with Scotland to form the Great Britain gave it an advantage over its competitors (Paxman, Comely & Birkett, 2012). Therefore, the Great Britain emerged as the greatest colonial master in the Northern America and India. However, the independence of America and other colonies in the 1700s almost destabilized the empire. Leaders had t
Marketers use persuasive messages to sell products to specific target audience. Examples of two products in the media that use persuasive messages to sell to their target audience are Molo Yoghurt and Yu Mobile. Molo Yoghurt is a unique form of yoghurt that comes from Molo farm. This farm produces fresh milk products with a great taste. Advertisement of Molo Yoghurt appears in both the television and billboards. These ads emphasize that there is a limitation in supply of this product. They target women and children since these two groups are the main consumers of this product. On the other hand, Yu Mobile is a service provider that claims to offer free call services. Advertisements of Yu Mobile also appear in television and billboards. Their target audience is normally college students and persons in the low-income bracket, who cannot afford the expensive phone call tariffs. Analysis of Social Influence Theory used by Yu Mobile The social influence theory that Yu Mobile uses in developing its message is the low-ball technique. The low-ball technique first asks clients to take part in an activity that is without charge or that is of low charge. After a client agrees to the first deal, the marketer introduces a higher deal. Low-balling occurs when a promoter entices a person to comply with a deal and then raises the compliance cost (Perloff, 2010). The low-ball technique resembles the foot-in-the-door technique (FITD), since the persuader initiates with a small deal before presenting a turgid option. However, in low-ball technique, the requested act is the desired behavior. The only change that occurs is the fee related with conducting the target activity. When it comes to FITD, the action that the persuader requests a person to undertake is a trick to
The issue of false accusations is a topical problem that needs to be managed, especially given the fact that there are vulnerable groups that are more susceptible toward false accusations than others are. In her speech, Malloy (2016) explains that young people are prone to confessing to the crimes that they did not commit due to the inconsistencies in the modern justice system and the lack of strategies and training needed to question underage people properly. According to Malloy (2016), there is a higher rate of possibility for teenagers to waive their Miranda right when being questioned, due to high psychological pressure levels combined with the profound lack of basic knowledge of the justice system. However, the most common reason for the specified age group to confess to the crimes that they never committed is the lack of techniques for questioning teenagers that can be observed in the modern legal environment. The assertion made by Malloy can be proven when considering developmental theories that delve into the psychology of adolescents. For example, the theory of cognitive development in adolescents provided by Piaget shows that the specified age group is prone to high levels of self-consciousness, which may lead to low self-esteem (McCormick & Scherer, 2018). As a result, the probability of young people resorting to a confession due to psychological pressure increases exponentially. Malloy insists that strategies for questioning young people should be introduced into the modern legal environment. In addition, the support of legal counselors and advisors should be seen as necessary for both young people who have been accused of a crime and their family members, particularly, parents or legal guardians. Launching education processes in law enforcement units along with the creation of counseling services for young people and their parents will help to reduce the threat of false convictions in adolescents.
When marketers attempt to apply the consumer decision-making (CDM) process to developing strategies, they should be aware that although the process is inherently linear, it can be complex when addressing various influencing factors. One aspect which guides the need recognition and further steps is the type of consumer, which is segmented based on characteristics. These include perfectionist, price consciousness, brand awareness, fashion-conscious, recreation, and impulsive shoppers (Rezaei, 2015). Therefore, each type of shopper has inherently unique needs to fulfill and different perspectives on the outcome of the product purchase. This should be assessed in terms of product selection, pricing, and advertising strategies. At certain times, the CDM process helps to identify an inherent gap between attitudes and consumer behaviors. A prominent example of this is environmentally friendly products. Although most consumers would identify themselves as eco-friendly, only a small portion would actively purchase products that are either produced or labeled as such, despite active marketing communication and heavy investment of producers to make these
While there is public support for making homosexual discrimination illegal, the majority of people still discriminate against homosexuals. There are several causes of homosexual discrimination. The causes of discrimination should be managed to improve acceptance of the lifestyle. This will reduce the effects of this form of discrimination in the modern world. Today’s society has changed over the years, but people still have their grievances regarding homosexuals and their position in society. Religion is one of the reasons people do not value homosexuals for what they are, human beings like everyone else. When the case is made for the authenticity of homosexuality, religious people oppose it citing three main reasons. They contend that homosexuality is contrary to nature, condemned in the scripture and that it will ruin the society (Cauthen). However, these reasons may not be valid. They usually seem relevant for a short duration. The proponents of these ideas keep changing moral standards. Religious people have been using the three concepts to explain the desires of the creator regarding humanity but no longer depend on them (Cauthen). For example, they defended the practice of denying women the right to vote citing that nature had given such rights solely to men. To the contrary, currently, they admit that women have voting rights. This shows that some religious ideologies cause unwarranted discrimination and unnecessary conflicts. Additionally, homosexual discrimination in society is stuck in the traditions of the past, where men and women are the beginners of families. Different communities have different traditional beliefs. For example, Africans believe that homosexuality is a practice that came from developed nations and should be rejected in entirety. However, it is not true that homosexuality originated from developed countries. The work of historians and archaeologists provide evidence that there is a history of homosexual practices throughout the continent (Lembembe). Communities attempt to themselves by using both real and perceived traditions. In doing so, they discriminate against homosexuals. The rejection of homosexuality by different communities portrays that people want to keep their traditions, and they consider homosexuality as a threat to their stability and survival. Homosexuality discrimination comes with a number of effects. Since homosexuals are seen as sources of sin, religious influence limits the possibility that they can form families. Friends and relatives reject homosexuals believing that they will go to hell. Religious rejection often leads the majority of these individuals to destroy their own lives (Holland). In addition, rejection drives them to engage in evils acts such as drug abuse and robbery. Homosexuals who grew up in religious families struggle to reconcile their religious faiths with their homosexual lifestyles. When choosing between faith and sexuality, they experience psychologically damaging difficulties (Holland). Additionally, homos
Infantry Battalion History from 1492-1877 Soldiers who are trained primarily to fight on foot are known as infantry. The initial settlers of Florida found an area rich in resources they required like water, firewood, and stones for making tools. With the progress of centuries, native Floridians turned into complex and intricate societies and became well established as entities that were self-sufficient before coming into contact with Europeans near the end of the 15th century. (1492-1821) Discovery & colonial period In 1513, the Spanish began exploring Florida which involved St. Augustine to the area around Tampa bay. Florida was not only to be colonized by the Spanish but others were interested too like the French who began settling from around 1562 at St John’s river through their settlement was overrun by Spanish forces. Tristan de Luna attempted to colonize Pensacola Bay but failed. In 1565, St. Augustine was established due to Spanish fear of attacks by the French. Later, Pedro Menendez changed St. Augustine to San Augustine a Spanish version of the name, and captured, expelled, and killed French who were there. He attacked other settlers as well apart from those Frenchmen who believed in Roman Catholic and the non-combatants. He captured a French fort, Fort Caroline, and changed its name to San Mateo. The English joined the Spanish in 1586 where Sir Francis Drake an English captain, looted and burnt St. Augustine village. However, Spanish control did not diminish in Florida neither were they threatened over the control of the peninsula despite the growth of more Englishmen in North America. Hostility towards Spain was on the rise by English colonists. In 1702, Carolinians who allied with Creek Indians attacked Spanish Florida led by James Moore who was a colonel. They led to the destruction of St. Augustine though they were unable to capture Castillo de San Marcos. In 1704, they led to the destruction of Spanish Missions which were between St. Augustine and Tallahassee enslaving natives and killing others. In 1733, a penal colony in Georgia was introduced by the English who were led by James Oglethorpe. In 1740, Florida was attacked by the Georgians who assaulted Castillo de Marcos & got the town and the fort in siege not less than a month (English et al, 1994). During the 1756-1763 war (7 years) called the French-Indian War in the United States of America, the British captured valuable possessions belonging to Spain known as Havana Cuba. In 1763, Havana was taken to Spain though Madrid took Florida during the compromise near the end of the war. In 1763-1783, Florida was under the rule of Great Britain & king George the 3rd. Most of the peninsula showed loyalty to Crown thus Florida wasn’t in rebellion during the revolutionary war by the Americans. Before the start of the war, ambitious plans for Florida were implemented by the British. They partitioned the land into 2 separate colonies which became East & West Florida where East was t
From a scientific point of view, there are many explanations for religion, its meaning, and its origin. According to a functionalist perspective, religion performs various functions in society that benefit or harm people. For example, religion can be used to control social norms, find emotional comfort, or explain the world. According to the conflict perspective, religion serves to maintain and justify the inequality of people. Most religions say that people should be satisfied with what God gives, which supports financial and social inequality between elites or people of power and ordinary people. One of the most famous examples of a religious ritual is the baptism of people, most often infants, by Christians. Children are submerged in holy water several times while the priest reads prayers and, usually, family friends are appointed as Godfather and Godmother to guide and protect them spiritually. This ritual means that a person belongs to the Christian religion and is protected by God. However, this ceremony is harmless and often does not matter for adults who were baptized in childhood if they choose another faith or refuse it. However, the rituals of Nacirema cannot be called harmless as they leave physical marks on the bodies of people. For example, the annual ritual of cleaning the mouth means that a holy-mouth-man partially ruins the person’s teeth undergoing the ritual and filled them with special magical mixtures (Miner). This procedure is painful and unhealthy, but it is of great importance in the culture of Nacirema because its people believe that without these rituals, their mouths will be infected with diseases, and they will not be respected in society (Miner). However, this ritual confirms the theory of conflict from a scientific perspective, since healers have a privileged status in society, and all rituals are available only after payment. Using Nacirema as an example, we can learn that the isolation of community and limited information is one of the most powerful incentives for religion. People have no other ideas about the structure and principles of the world, and a closed community does not allow them to deny and refuse traditions, even if they destroy them. Work Cited Miner, Horace. “Body Ritual among the Nacirema”. American Anthropologist , vol.58, no.3, 1956.
Introduction The America spends around 15% of its GDP on the costs of health care, and this percentage exceeds the OECD’s spending being 8.8% almost twice and the French costs, which constitute 11.2% of its GDP, in 40%. France health care spending is 11% of the national output, matched up to 15% used in America in health issues, such as infant mortality (Skinner & Garber, 2008). Health care system in the United States has received a criticism due to the absence of universal medical coverage in contrast to the universal health coverage in France. Since French insurance coverage is basically obligatory, medical expenses are more largely allocated to the whole population. Even though laws in America permit particular kinds of health care offered to the uninsured patients, they increase health expenses for the insured; and these greater health care expenses are borne by the people looking for health care instead of society in general. Exclusive of the situation of greatly communicable diseases, the treatment, which offers a huge social advantage, is debatable in regard to an extra earning or income. This paper discusses and compares France and the U.S. health care systems. Health Care System in the United States Health care system in the United States has brought about more polarizing discussion. Some critics state that the U.S. provides the best health care structure in the world due to directly accessible health care technology and high-tech facilities that have been the point of reference in medical care. Others criticize the system of health care in America as being ineffective and uneven due to the point that it spends more money on medical care than any other country, and there are still a lot of uncovered people, managerial waste, and unreliable quality. Health care providers are mainly owned and controlled by the private operators, and health coverage offered by the government in the public health care system ensures around 62% of the total, and provision is provided by programs, such as Veterans Health Administration, TRICARE, and Medicare (Himmelstein & Woolhandler, 2004). Most people under the age of 65 are covered by their employers; some purchase coverage on their own, while others are uncovered. In the United States, 49.8 million people, 16.2 percent of the population, were uncovered in 2010, which showed an increase from 16 percent in 2009. In line with WHO, the U.S. allocates more on health care per capita, being $7,145; moreover, it raised the figure on health care as ratio of its GDP became 15.1 percent that was greater than of any other country surveyed in 2009. America was ranked the fourth highest level of public medical care expenditure per capita of $3, 430, following other nations with higher level of health care spending per capital, which were Monaco, Norway, and Luxembourg. In 2009, research in five states reported that health care debt made up to
Introduction According to the Chapter III “Greetings” from Emily Post’s Etiquette In Society, in Business, in Politics and at Home , the correct formal greeting in terms of etiquette is “How do you do?” For example, of Mrs. Jones is being presented to Mrs. Wilde, Mrs. Jones should say “How do you do?” to show respect for the person she is being presented to. However, this form of greeting can be changed according to the circumstances. For example, if Mrs. Jones heard of Mrs. Wilde from her friends, neighbors or relatives when greeting Mrs. Wilde, Mrs. Jones should say, “I am very glad to meet you” or “It is a delight to meet you at last”. It is also advised not to use the expression “pleased to meet you” at any occasion when greeting somebody. Moreover, a person should not say that he or she is delighted to meet somebody unless there is definite certainty that the person you are meeting is also delighted (Post 18). Etiquette Rules on Greetings The above are the examples of formal greetings. Informal greetings are just as limited as formal, although there may be some slight deviations from the standards. For example, apart from saying “How do you do?” one may also say “Good morning” or “Good evening” with an occasional “How are you?” The greeting “Hello” is only acceptable on very informal occasions to greet a friend. Nevertheless, “Hello” should be used in a calm manner and never used except good friends who call each other by name. It is not acceptable to greet someone in the church, unless at a wedding where a person is able to speak to the friends or relatives that seat near them. If to talk about the handshakes while greeting a stranger, they can often cause irritation, attraction or liking between two people. For example, it is quite impossible to like a boneless handshake or an angry and violent one. A proper handshake is usually short, although slight strength should be felt. The same way as with bowing, one should look in the eye of the person whose hand he takes. When shaking hands with a foreigner, a married woman always relaxes her hand so that the gentleman can lift her hand and lightly kiss it. When shaking hands with the older, young women can clasp hands while giving them a slight movement before simply letting go (Post 21). In my opinion, the rules given in the Chapter III “Greetings” can be applicable only to the business environment; however, modern business ethics are much looser than they used to be in the 1920’s. On the other hand, an elderly person might be educated by the same rules laid out in the chapter, thus following them when greeting the elderly will be considered a sign of respect and politeness. Conclusion To conclude, the rules of etiquette related to greetings are useful for general knowledge and can be used loosely, especially when it comes to greetings in our day-to-day life. If a person is to follow these rules strictly, he or she may be considered old-fashioned or even p