ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
This paper explores communication strategies by looking at personal experiences of unsuccessful interaction. The aim of the study is to define the Personal Leadership Profile as well as its impact on the communication cycle. Additionally, it is necessary to analyze the situations and determine their correct application for the future. The paper includes examining Personality and Leadership Profiles to identify characteristic communication strategies and examining their application through situations from personal experience. Personal Leadership Profile Completing personality testing and preferred leadership style allows one to understand the behavior and apply this information to improve communication. According to the results of the Personality Profile Inventory, my personality type is ENFP, which stands for Extraverted Intuitive Feeling Perceiving ( ENFP , n.d). This type combines characteristics that are aimed both at completing the task and at communicating effectively with people. In particular, ENFP people strive to realize global ideas through articulating them to others and inspiring them to act. However, this type is also characterized by a strong influence of emotions, as well as a rather weak ability to concentrate. These findings are consistent with the results of the Leadership Style questionnaire. According to this test, I have 6.6 points on the People scale and 6 points on the Tasks scale ( The Blake and Mouton Managerial Grid , n.d). These points correspond to the type of Team Leader, which has a predisposition to both communication and organization of work. This leadership style is characterized by a focus on revealing the best qualities of team members and strengthening the bonds between them ( The Blake and Mouton Managerial Grid , n.d). In this case, the inconsistency lies in the inability of the ENFP to focus on one task for a long time, which would not allow such a leader to work hard on team development. Claes, Storms, and Brabanders (2020), in the study of Belgian and US physicians, note that they prefer thinking to feeling as well as judging to perceiving. However, these characteristics are not essential for the ENFP type, which relies more on empathy. However, within the framework of leadership, this person can be most effective. The researchers note that “an effective leader is a product of the ‘heart’ and includes such descriptors as being passionate, inspiring, courageous, and imaginative” (Bertsch et al., 2020, p. 33). Simic and Ristic (2017) also emphasize that extraversion is more associated with transformational leadership, which is also typical for people who “are more conscientious and open to new experience” (p. 199). In this case, ENFP acts as leaders more than managers, which can hinder their productivity in the direct execution of tasks. The communication cycle consists of several stages, at each of which you can choose different strategies. Van Ruler (2018) underlines that communication is a two-way process “with an emphasis on the internal and external arenas of meaning pre
Introduction Operational planning and management is an essential element in strategic planning. Various firms adopt different strategies in order to ensure that their operations are run in an effective and efficient manner. Different firms adopt different planning strategies in order to achieve their specific goals and objectives in the short run and in the long run (Eli, 2006). The strategy that a firm may adopt may depend on its operations, size and culture. This paper will therefore discuss strategic planning and other factors that contribute to successful planning. It shall focus on issues such as contingency planning, budgeting, employee monitoring, and performance indicators. Strategic Planning A strategic plan is a process adopted by the management of an entity to meet specific goals and objectives within a given time frame. It clearly defines the objectives of the entity and assesses the internal and external environment. Strategic planning takes place through a series of steps. Development of visions, missions, goals and objectives are but some of the critical steps that are involved in the process of planning. To attain these objectives, the entity devises several procedures. An analysis of changes occurring in both the external and internal environment is critical in ensuring that a company attains its objectives. After obtaining information from the environment scan, managers are required to match the strengths of the organization to opportunities. The process of matching the strengths with the opportunities is known as strategy formulation. This process ensures that the entity can develop a competitive advantage (Roberts and Neilson, 2003). Once a company formulates a strategy, they have to implement it. The implementation process is carried out using budgets, organizational procedures and programs. Strategic planning incorporates several aspects of the company to ensure that the company runs smoothly. Budgeting process is one of key processes that enhance the planning process. Budgets as Tools for Planning In most entities, budgeting is a key element in financial management (Roberts and Neilson, 2003). The use of a budget assists managers to plan and utilize the company resources effectively. Clear understanding of principles of budgeting ensures that managers can formulate a comprehensive financial plan. Budgeting process is a microcosm element of strategic planning (Roberts and Neilson, 2003). Therefore, after yielding information from strategic planning, managers relate this information to the actual activities of the entity. This process is recognized as the operational plan and management usually finds a need to value the plan. Companies incur operational costs when they start trading. It is these costs among other costs that appear in the budget. Budgets are usually prepared based on the plan of the organization. Organizations use budgeting to monitor the cash flow of an entity. Cash flow forecast enables
Introduction No matter how far apart from each other the songs belonging to different genres may be, the audio production process brings even the songs that have little to no features in common together. Thesis statement Despite the fact that the song Thriller by Michael Jackson and The great gig in the sky by Pink Floyd have seemingly very little in common, they share quite a few similarities in terms of their production techniques, particularly, the effects that were used in the production process in order to make their sound more distinct and unique. Form and Arrangement Elements Instrumentation When it comes to identifying the instrumental elements that make Thriller unique as not only as one of the pop songs of the 80s, but also pop songs in general, the variety of the instruments incorporated is the first thing that comes to one’s mind. Indeed, for a popular song, the array of instruments used, including different types of percussions, was more than impressive. The instrumentation of The great gig in the sky , in its turn, includes a very unusual element, which is Clare Torry’s voice. In fact, The great gig in the sky ’ instrumentation is unique in that it, in fact, includes only two basic instruments, i.e., the organ and the voice of Torry. Dynamics In the famous Loudness War that erupted in the 80s, the Thriller clearly wins as the song that has a very distinct dynamics as opposed to the vapid abuse of loud sound (Farish 2014). The song is often credited as “very dynamic” due to the active use of synthesizer and percussions; the intensity of the sound is obviously preferred to its loudness. The same, in fact, can be said about The great gig in the sky – the song can be listened to on a fairly low sound volume, as well as with the volume turned high. Though the instruments used in each case are very different, both songs have the same effect on the listener in terms of the dynamics-over-volume issue. It should be noted, though, that, while in Thriller , the loudness of every instrument is seemingly similar, in Pink Floyd’s song, the loudness of the voice is much lower than that one of the piano. Texture As far as the texture of Thriller is concerned, most critics define it as rather thick due to the use of various harmonization tools. Indeed, the texture of the song supports the latter with its thickness and adds to the overall impression of the song as an intense and packed with energy. Homophonic and at the same time original, it creates the feeling of suspense, therefore, setting the atmosphere, in which the lyrics will become even more meaningful and at the same time cryptic. The texture of The great gig in the sky can be defined as biphonic, since, as it has been stressed above, two key instruments are used in the song. As a result, the tex
Is the issue ethical? The issue about NSA powers is ethical because NSA must not inflict fear in users due to NSA privileges. The Iron law of responsibility suggests “in the long run, those who do not use power in a manner which society considers responsible will tend to lose it” (Carroll). Therefore the social and ethical responsibility of NSA suggests that professionalism and personal integrity are necessary for compliance with laws and policies and to maintain system integrity. The misuse of power shall not only endanger the job of NSA but also may be detrimental to the security of the network and in such a scenario NSA may be a threat to security. If any administrator is ever unsure … may be in breach of the law. ( University of Glasgow ) Is the issue unethical? The issue about measure (too much, too little or enough) of NSA power is not ethical because NSA has just enough powers required to execute the NSA work responsibility. If the network users are threatened by the authority of NSA or have conflict of interest then the network users must resolve the conflict with the guidance from the supervisor or the organization information security policy document. If the NSA powers are limited and obstruct execution of NSA work responsibility then NSA must resolve the issue with the supervisor. It is often noticed that NSA may attain self-assumed responsibility of policing the network users this may cause conflict with the users and raise questions about NSA powers. Administrators must not act to monitor … to which it will apply ( University of Glasgow ). Application of Ethical Theory Need for ethics Network system administrators have to deal with sensitive user and organization information, they have more authority as compared to other network users this provide them access to official and personal data stored on organization computers. They must ensure the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the data for which they have access privilege. The moral ethics are defined because NSA has to interact with all users of the network irrespective of their sex, color, caste or nationality. The need for ethics arises because:   * Awareness of other user’s confidential information must not have adverse affect.   * NSA must not use authority and privilege for unauthorized and inappropriate access of network resources.   * NSA must honor other user’s work responsibility and code of ethics while executing own work responsibility in order to avoid conflict of interest or conflict of management.   * NSA may be interrupted by the user and summoned to act on urgent network problems.   * NSA must have a “clear understanding of proper procedure and usage” (Residence Hall). Code of ethics NSA work role and responsibility requires that authority and privileged powers must be given to individuals with personal qualities such as “honesty, integrity and unquestionable work ethics” ( University of Glasgow ). The application of NSA powers within the scope of defined code of ethics is described as ( The System Administrator’s Code of Ethics) : Professionalism : NSA must not deliberately target an individual to settle their personal scores by mo
In his article “A Tale of Two Cities,” Franco Moretti analyzes a great contrast between the macroscopic and microscopic levels of London’s economic texture as it is represented on a nineteenth-century map published in Charles Booth’s Life and Labour of the People of London in 1889 (77). Moretti remarks that while Booth has presented a thorough analysis of the city based on its division into seven social groups, there are still some unclear issues as to how and in what ways criminal life in the city is represented in the works of fiction (77). Upon studying the article, it seems possible to say that the portrayal of criminal activity in London in the nineteenth century was closely associated with the division of the city into districts based on people’s financial achievements. At the same time, there is a huge contrast between the actual criminal activity and the fictional one. Thus, the paper argues that the representation of crime in nineteenth-century literature was based on disparities between the regions of the city as well as the countryside. According to Moretti, at the microscopic level, London is a “self-organizing system” with a set of “regular patterns” (77). However, at the microscopic level, it becomes clear that there is no strict division between prosperous and less fortunate streets and regions of the city (Moretti 77-78). It is not possible to say that “extreme poverty” and “great wealth” are present in some major parts of London since they are present in the neighboring streets (Moretti 77). The distance between the divergent social classes may be as little as just two hundred meters. Within this distance, one may see both “the brilliant gold” and “patches of chronic unemployment and misery” (Moretti 78). Thus, Moretti concludes that Booth’s map indicates that the city as a whole is rather ordered whereas its individual parts are predominantly random (78). Such a confusion evokes wonder and fear, and it makes London “not easy to read” (Moretti 78). One of the reasons for such a state of affairs is the psychological conditions created by large cities (Simmel 131). People are contingent on the “supplementary activities of all others,” which leads to inevitable contrasts between various parts of the city as well as between rural and city life (Simmel 130). Such an opposition posed a complicated question to nineteenth-century writers who had to come up with the most appropriate narrative mechanisms of making cities “legible” (Moretti 79). The approach favored by the authors of that time was showing only a part of London rather than the whole city. Thus, only West End used to be portrayed in novels, which was “not really a city” but “a class” (Moretti 79). Characters living in West End did not use to work but merely “lived” (Moretti 79). Several features were common in all novels: a city square, some “exclusive” gathering spots
Introduction Anxiety refers to the natural emotion that individuals develop when they are under intimidation, risk, or when frustrated among others. In addition, anxiety may develop because of certain life challenges such as terminal ailments, demise of a loved one, or marital problems. Experiencing anxiety in such situations is natural and thus it should not cause any apprehension. However, since feelings of anxiety occur frequently, it is crucial to distinguish between signs of anxiety disorder and normal anxiety. An anxiety disorder is a complicated mental ailment because it is made up of faction ailments that are characterised with a series of immense anxiety, as well as acute discomposure (Craske et al., 2009). If not treated within the right time, the disorder may have a detrimental effect to not only the victim, but also the family and society as a whole. This paper discusses the effect of anxiety disorder to the affected child, the family, and family functioning coupled with how it can be addressed using cognitive behavioural family therapy. It also addresses the challenges associated with this psychotherapy together with how to overcome them. Moreover, the paper will examine the outcomes of the psychotherapy intervention, which affirms its effectiveness. Dynamics of anxiety disorder and its impact on the family and family functioning Various psychopathologies are affected by the family variable as indicated by several theories. Similarly, there is minimal uncertainty that anxiety problem is transmitted through the family. Several researches have shown similar anxiety problems among close relatives. This analogy has been recorded among anxiety disordered adults and youngsters struggling with anxiety disorders. A recent study indicated there is a significant family similarity for various types of anxiety disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder, as well as generalised anxiety disorder (GAN) (Craske et al., 2009). The study noted that the odds of developing anxiety in a given family bracket were 4-6. Several other scholars have also made similar conclusion. For instance, a study done in Holland with a total of 20,000 subjects revealed that a person was 6.8 times likely to suffer from an anxiety that one of the close family members was suffering from (Chapman & Woodruff-Borden, 2009). The vulnerability was high irrespective of nature of the relationship, viz. parent, or sibling. Another research conducted in Sweden showed a youngster was at a huge risk of developing an anxiety problem if either of the parents was a victim of anxiety disorder. However, the risk exacerbated if both parents were struggling with a particular anxiety ailment. Most of these researches relied of data from medical diagnoses, which are often erratic and a minute number of participants who were tormented with anxiety and thus they came to seek medical attention. However, that does not dispute the credibility of these studies for their observations were similar to past researches, viz. there can be family transmissi
Introduction Popular culture is a coordinated system where society believes in some aspect of life daily. Media objects, entertainment sources, leisure activities, trending fashions, and the community’s language are common forms and pop culture elements (Fiske 114). The mass culture, which is often associated with pop culture, makes people view popular culture in the Gender Theory setup. When viewed from this perspective, popular culture represents a collection of commodities produced through the idea of capitalism and sold to the final consumers at a price. The given argumentative analysis will primarily focus on the portrayal of men and women in Baywatch (2017). The research is of paramount importance since the influence of the global entertainment industry is widespread and impactful, and the selected film is a prime example of it. The theoretical framework for the analysis and argumentation will be mainly focused on Gender Theory, which explains how the recent improvements in the industry did not affect the beauty standards depicted in Baywatch (2017) and their damaging effects. Therefore, despite the recent improvement in the industry, the area of unrealistic beauty standards worsened and became more damaging partly due to technological advancements. Beauty Standards in the Film People have always been affected by the popular culture of movies and TV at some point in their lives. The given form of media constantly exposes young people to content, graphics, and trends from various parts of the world. The media’s definition of popular culture is simply how one dresses, what they listen to, and how they look through the movies, magazines, music, billboards, and how the media portrays someone’s appearance. It is a culture that has a significantly major impact on the lives of people across the globe. Thus, it is critical to have a better understanding of how a movie, such as Baywatch (2017), can set unrealistic beauty standards and lead to insecurities among both genders. The film focuses on a team of lifeguards who solve a crime without the intervention of the police. The actor involved in the film are all can be stated as “beautiful,” with the main men actors being Zac Efron and Dwayne Johnson, and female actors including Priyanka Chopra and Alexandra Daddario (Gordon). All of these actors and actresses are highly physically fit and oversexualized through a wide range of measures. Firstly, they are professionally trained for their roles, the actors, especially females, are dressed in an eroticized manner, and visual enhancements are utilized through lighting and post-production. By depicting the main characters with the use of highly attractive and visually enhanced actors, the general population, especially young females, can develop major body image problems and insecurities, which, in some cases, can lead to depression (Levine 141). The film is a prime example of such standards since both men and women are played by hyper-sexualized and unrealistically attractive a
The author addresses the issue of the economics of media because understanding the characteristics provides pertinent insights into the behavior of this industry. In addition, the assessment of the economics of media reveals crucial information about the production, distribution, and consumption patterns of the media services and products. The other main argument of the article is that the field of media economics is interdisciplinary in nature. Therefore, future analysis should be outside the conventional approach and should incorporate political and cultural aspects. The author proposes that adopting the new approach will ensure that the field of media economics covers a wider spectrum that integrates economic, political, and cultural entities. Overall, the author focuses on the dynamics of media economics and its interdisciplinary nature. The author makes his argument by first expounding the background, evolution, and dynamics of media economics as a field. Napoli notes that unlike other areas of economics, such as political economy, the media aspect has been marginalized, but in the recent past scholars have devoted considerable attention to this field. The author then uses examples to explain the dynamics of media economics. Napoli also illustrates that how USA media content is distributed across the world, making more money in foreign markets compared to domestic sales. Therefore, there is the need to understand different political and cultural aspects. Overall, examples are extensively employed to communicate different arguments. The author states that the distinctive economic properties of the market that media industries operate in are crucial to understanding the behavioral patterns of the field. Therefore, what are some of these economic characteristics in the media field that scholars should focus on, and how should they be addressed? Works Cited Napoli, Philip M. “Media Economics and the Study of Media Industries.” Media Industries-History, Theory, and Method, edited by Teoksessa Holt, Jennifer and Alisa Perren. Wiley-Blackwell, 2009, pp.161-170.