ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract Marketing is an extensive process that involves quite a lot of activities. In this diverse field, one is required to do a lot of research on the destined market, sell some products or perform some services to clients, promote their products and services through different means like advertising which at the end of the day helps in the promotion of the sales activities. In the field of marketing, strategies have to be developed which aid in communication, technique improvement, and for the eventual development of the business. In this conglomeration of activities which form the field of marketing, the company creates a face which it uses to keep in good relationship with the most essential part of the business, the customer. This paper seeks to dwell into the field of marketing with a lot of weight behind creation and management of products as one of the essential tools for effective marketing. The paper will first introduce the concept of marketing theoretically looking into the main models of this field and then establish the extensiveness of this concept to the impact it has on the customer. The paper will conclude with a simple study sample of how the values learnt in the body of the paper can be established in a real life situation. Introduction In marketing, one is supposed to keep value on the customer in various ways, identity of the right person, satisfaction to the customer, and maintenance of the customer. In order for any business venture to stay profitable in whatever it is engaging in, they have to then shift they focus from mainly production to the needs of the customers. In this manner, this paper seems to imply that the production sector should not be halted but should be oriented towards the needs of the people to whom that production is aimed at. The concept of marketing has it that in order to achieve the goals and needs of any organization, one has to know what the target customer base or the target market requires such that he/she or the company is able to deliver the required product in accordance to the needs of that customer at any one time in order to satisfy the customers. On the same concept, for the company to be able to meets its targets as they might have been outlined in the mission and objectives, it should mostly consider the needs of the customer more than it would look into the competitive market. If the company was to focus on the above discussed criteria then the question at hand gets answered; an understanding of creating and managing products is indeed essential for effective marketing 1 . There are many models and approaches today that are applied by
Psycholinguists have over the years developed theories that shed more light with regard to various aspects of language acquisition in early childhood. According to Whitehead (2004), most of the theories about language acquisition have roots in theories developed in the field of psychology. The theories explaining language acqusition in early childhood are behaviorist, nativist, cognitive and social interactionist. The paper will outline a curriculum content with regard to these theories and how they promote language development during early childhood. Behaviorist The behaviorist theory is concerned with language acquisition during early childhood. The theory outlines that children acquire language from adults with respect to how adults take the opportunity to reward or reprimand the children in the process of learning a particular language (Whitehead, 2004). As children learn new words, phrases and expressions in a language, it is important for an adult to reward positive progress and make corrections in instances where the child makes mistakes. The activity in this section will be of children re
Introduction Project management can be defined as a field in which various activities such as “planning, organizing, managing, leading, securing, and controlling resources are carried out in order to achieve a specific goal” (Phillips, 2003, p. 5). A project management office (PMO) is described as a department within an organization that is responsible for defining and maintaining standards in project management activities within the organization (Copeland, 2008). In common practice, PMOs aim at providing standardized project management and execution practices by providing the required documentation, guidance and metrics (Dinsmore, 2005). PMOs can achieve success or incur losses depending on leadership and other organizational factors. This paper seeks to review the story of A.G. Edwards PMO and provide the following: provide overview explaining the project management office, its functions and values; and detail the steps that were taken by A.G. Edwards and the results that were achieved (Copeland, 2008). Description of project management office as shown in the article Case summary and Analysis John Parker joined A.G. Edwards as the Chief Technology officer (CTO) in 2001 (Levinson, 2006). His responsibilities were clearly outlined by the management, and he was expected to change the dwindling fortunes of the Company’s IT department. The Company had previously incurred massive losses due to delayed or poorly completed IT projects. Upon joining, Parker recognized the scope of work that awaited him. He found that most of the earlier done projects were late and priced higher than the budgetary allocations (Huffman, 2008). Indeed, most projects “cost 54% more and took 54% longer” to be completed (Levinson, 2006). From 2002 to 2006, the success rates of projects completed by the Company had increased from 54% to 88%. Improvement in project management activities had positively impacted on the company’s financial position. The net profit had more than doubled, jumping from “$71 million in 2002 to $186 in 2005” (Levinson, 2006). This success was attributed to the changes that were effected by Parker on the operations of the IT department. There was a complete overhaul the department’s structure and how it interacted with business. Several strategies and tactics were used to achieve success. He began by involving the Company’s top managers to identify the projects that needed to be prioritized. He then provided IT managers with training in leadership skills so as to positively impact on their credibility with the business. A project management expert (ED Pilewski) was brought on board in order to inject professionalism and discipline into the entire process. Pilewski avoided the traditional route to project management, and instead worked on a more acceptable standard framework that measures, monitors, an
Introduction A family is a group of related individuals by hereditary. This may include parents, children and siblings. The term marriage viewed from a broad perspective includes those related by marriage and other who have been incorporated to live in the same household especially those emotionally involved and their interaction is quite often. A family wholesomeness is determined by their constant sharing in growth and development of all the individuals of the group. A family is debatably a society’s main and very important institution. It is the center of major socialization of individuals to the society. They offer the individuals a sense of belonging, support and guidance. Family is described in sociology as a social structure or group and is also a well established institution. This is more so defined by set norms and rules that govern it enriched by the statuses and roles organized to fulfill specified for the society. The set regulations are set to direct issues that revolve around social relations and sexual activities within the sexual unions (Eshleman 2000). A family’s genesis is a social union which is referred to as a marriage. A marriage is a union or a contract between people which builds up a kinship. The relationships that are formed by marriage are interpersonal which are intimate and sexual. They are accepted differently depending on the diversity of the cultures. The formalization of the marriage is a wedding ceremony. Similarities of the American and Asian marriage cultures The marital paths are of different kinds which can be termed as ideologies that differ. Traditional the typically accepted marital path was the nuclear family. This was built on the foundation of steadiness and commitment which was fully accepted by the society. Currently the paths have diversified and over the time different societies are accepting and absorbing them. (Young 2002). A wedding in both cultures is used as a stepping stone to marriage. It is an event that is used by both the parents and the families to offer their blessings to their children as they cross over the bridge. The weddings are specially prepared with the parents and the religious group’s consent. The American men seeking for women to give them a hand in marriage tend to follow the already set paths by their elders. They therefore have adopted the nuclear marriages. The Asian likewise follow the example and the models set by their elders. In both the American and the Asian cultures big parties crown the wedding days. This goes along with big feasts, dancing and mingling among friends. The two families mingle together and interact well in foods, drinks and even dances. The reception in both cultures is the major interest in planning for a wedding they plan it for fun. This also brings the friends to the families to
In the article titled “Study Links Honeybee Deaths to Fungus, Insect Virus All Things Considered (NPR)” which is an October 2010 publication in NRP by Robert Siegel, Siegel argues that scientists have through numerous studies linked a fungus and an insect virus to the collapse of honeybee colonies. A study was conducted after colonies of bees with approximately millions of bees disappeared mysteriously. Dave Hackenberg, a Pennsylvania based commercial beekeeper, reported in 2004 that he went to check on the bees one morning at about 7 A.M. He estimated that there were about 5000 bees in the hive, and at about 2 o’clock all the bees had totally disappeared. Scientists refer to this disappearing phenomenon as “Colony Collapse Disorder” (CCD) and it is believed to account for forty to sixty percent loss of bees from beehives in the past six years. Some postulate this disappearance is because of something that affects the immune system of the bees and entirely overwhelms the bees. Various studies point at different viruses as the possible reasons for colony disappearance. The most recent study has established that a certain insect virus initially noticed in Asian honeybees is collaborating with a fungus. The disappearance of bees from beehives is correlated to the occurrence of both the virus and the fungus at the same time thus the interaction of these two pathogens play a crucial role (Siegel, 2010). This and other studies indicate that bees get extremely sick while their susceptibility to pathogens has not been clearly identified. Honey bees have been known to survive from various types of diseases; this raises questions about the current vulnerability given that as a species, the bees have thrived for centuries. The honey bee is able to adapt to adverse climatic conditions and in this regard it is considered as among the most successful insects in the animal kingdom (Hepburn and Radloff, 1998). The susceptibility of bees to diseases has been mainly linked to loss of biological biodiversity due to mainly habitat loss, pollution, and environmental factors. In the process of pollination bees are exposed to different types of chemicals. Scientists believe that correlation between various pathogens and biological diversity are the key factors to “Colony Collapse Disorder” (Siegel, 2010). The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) approximates that in about 100 plant species, 90 percent of which are food producers, 71 out of these 100 are bee pollinated. 84 percent out of the 264 crop species in the whole of Europe are animal pollinated and most of the 4000 vegetable types exist primarily due to the pollination of bees. FAO further states that the production value in a ton of a crop that is pollinator-dependent is estimated to be five times greater than that of a crop that is pollinator-independent
Introduction The human papillomavirus belongs to the group of the most widespread type of sexually transmitted infections. It is a viral infection that targets specific sections of the body, which include the mucosal regions and the entire skin. Primarily, these regions are covered by epithelial cells, and they include the sex organs; the vagina and penis, mouth, vulva, anus, tonsils, and the throat. In some cases, the tongue is also inclusive; the fact that medics attribute to its role during “sucking.” In nature, there exist more than hundred known species of this type of virus, which have many associated medical complications, whereby forty species have many associated cervical health complications and fifteen species have a close correlation to cancer; more so the genitals. The primary mode of transmission of this viral infection is through any skin contact; specifically genital area contacts, which include any form of sex, whether anal or oral. It is important, to note that, in rare cases do condoms prevent the transmission of this viral infection; a fact that many types of research attribute on its inability to coat the entire genital region. In some cases, the transmission mode can be a mother to child; something that mostly occurs during childbirth hence, resulting in a health complication in children called Juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JORPP). On the other hand, it is also crucial to note that, chances of contracting this infection multiplies with the number of sexual associates hence, the need for multi-partnered individuals to take precaution (Center for Diseases Control and Prevention: CDC p.1, Castle Para. 6-9). Screening, Signs, and Symptoms The infection has no exact form of manifestation, a fact that medics attribute to the ability of the body’s immune system to eliminate the virus from the body in a period of two years. Also, in case of signs appear, their physical manifestation takes a long time to be visible, whereby such manifestations are in the form of warts; some form of bumps on the skin that are itchy and painful. Other manifestations of the infection occur in the form of other infections, which include some certain types of cancer primarily cervical, and throat infections (Healt
Introducing alternative therapies into palliative care is a practice that facilitates the delivery of effective and patient-centered care to the target population. According to Aldridge et al. (2016), one of the challenges associated with the nurse’s role in providing these therapies is the lack of academic background and training. Due to a stereotypical attitude towards palliative care as end-of-life support, employees of these departments do not seek to improve their skills and implement productive approaches to interaction with patients. As a result, the quality of care decreases, which affects the overall level of healthcare negatively and creates additional inconvenience for the target audience. While introducing alternative therapies in palliative care, nursing staff can apply Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) approaches. Zeng et al. (2018) state that these practices include supportive procedures aimed to reduce patients’ burden and facilitate their stay in the hospital environment. In palliative care, nurses can integrate CAM approaches through group therapies, massage procedures, and music entertainment sessions. Nevertheless, some ethical nuances may appear, for instance, patients’ reluctance to participate in such programs for cultural, religious, or other reasons. As the key elements of a teaching plan for nurses introducing CAM into palliative care, courses in massage, breathing exercises, and psychosocial support training should be introduced. These measures can help relieve patients’ both physical and emotional stress. When developing care plans in palliative departments, the overall role of the nurse and patient is to build productive interactions. Aldridge et al. (2016) note that in a hospital environment, creating conditions for communication between medical personnel and patients and their families is a crucial measure that allows addressing the needs of the target audience. When all stakeholders interact productively, patients’ stay in palliative departments is less stressful and depressing, and the delivery of nursing assistance programs is more effective. Therefore, establishing communication is a task that benefits both medical staff and the target audience.
Abstract Georgia’s economy is emerging from the 2008 internal displacements and is currently being supported by the international community to improve its economy, thus, providing potential investment opportunities to investors. This document discusses investment opportunities in the tourism and agricultural sector in Georgia. Introduction Agriculture plays a significant role in Georgia’s economy, and according to FAO, Georgia and the Ministry of Agriculture, Georgia, the agriculture sector’s contribution to Georgia’s economy was 12.5% in average 2006-2009 (FAO Georgia 4). On average, the agricultural sector’s contribution to the country’s foreign exchange earnings between 2006 and 2010 was 21% (FAO Georgia 4). Georgia’s tourism sector has also been on the rise recording a 16% increase in 2009 (Georgian National Investment Agency 1). Agriculture The government acknowledges the importance of agriculture in ensuring food safety and poverty reduction and therefore is investing massive resources and engages in partnerships to promote agriculture in the country. The future of Georgia’s agricultural sector is positive given the country’s lots of fertile soils, subtropical climate, diverse agricultural species (National Investment Agency 2), and support from the international community such as the European Union. There are several investment opportunities in Georgia’s agricultural sector. Animal production presents a great opportunity for investment in the country. FAO (24) notes that the total meat, milk as well as egg production have declined as compared to the levels recorded in 2009. In contrast, a new slaughterhouse, IberMeat Geogia, was established in the country in 2010 (FAO Georgia 9). Besides, meat processing enterprises have been established in Kakheti, Gurjaanitwon and in Telavillage funded by the Millenium Challenge Georgia Fund (FAO Georgia 9). These present an opportunity for investing in beef cattle. Again, dairy cattle have been on the decline opening an opportunity for investment in dairy production. Georgia has also become a member of the Wine World Trade Group opening opportunities for investment in production of vine and wine manufacturing to be exported without additional barriers to the US, Canada, New Zealand, Australia and Argentina (FAO 9). Besides, many agricultural manufacturing plants have been opened or revived to open up associated agricultural activities in the country. These include Sugar plant in Agara, New Nuts Works in Zugdidi and Geoplant tea production in Guria and Samagrelo (FAO 10). Again, export opportunities for Georgi
Abstract This paper concentrates on Singha beer of Thailand and the current business climate in the country. Politics, technology, societal trends, regulation and the economy of Thailand are dealt with in the paper. The paper will especially be useful to marketers who are always positioning their brands in the market on the face of stiff competition. Introduction Singha beer is the most popular beer brand in Thailand. Before Chang was introduced, Singha was the flagship product for Boon Rawd Brewery of Thailand. The company has unsuccessfully tried to expand its operations across borders due to stiff competition and unfair business practices (Cummings, 2003). The beer brand
It is a standard practice for markets in different industries to adapt prices to different groups of buyers. This is due to the size of their purchases, the seller’s trust, the length of the transaction, and other factors. The case under consideration is an example of a similar pricing policy that changes for different consumer companies. This is the second-degree price discrimination; in other words, the buyer who purchases the most services is entitled to a price reduction (Ahuja, 2017). This allows the supplier to sell more to that company, which ultimately leads to increased revenue. In addition, other buyers receive services at higher prices, which positively affects their income level as well. In this situation, both groups of customers will be satisfied with the conditions. Those who buy goods at a lower price will have a higher level of trust in the supplier and be able to buy more. This will contribute to the development of close trust relationships between these companies. Other, smaller customers will see that the supplier is reliable and willing to cooperate on an ongoing basis. Thus, each side in this situation gains its advantages. Price discrimination, in this case, is entirely legal. It does not violate the rights of customers and does not lead to excessive competition between them. These are companies of different levels, so they are in different economic niches (Hirschey & Bentzen, 2016). In addition, the services provided are of sufficient quality, so their provision is also legitimate. Thus, in the described situation, price discrimination is a competent managerial decision. It can help increase customer confidence and a company’s revenue. These factors will have a positive impact on its future functioning.
Introduction The Virtual Tutoring Owl is a product that has come when it is most needed. The Virtual Tutoring Owl, is founded by, Educational Concepts Inc., located at 2400 Calculus Blvd, Knowledge Rock, MD. Our company has chosen the test marketing area of Prince George County, a growing affluent county in Maryland. However, despite its affluent growing population, it has a declining under achieving school system. Our in depth research shows that this is a unique situation, that has created a need for the school system to implement a tool that can drastically help improve their students performances. Introducing the Virtual Tutoring Owl, in that area will aid the school system and parents with a much needed supplement to enhance student’s academic performance. Research indicates that students learn more with online tutoring systems and intelligent systems than by using the paper and pencil format. This means that this product has been developed to fill the learning gap needed and also to supplement traditional teaching(Beins, 2004). The Virtual Tutoring Owl has been designed follow the trends of recent past of technological products. It has been constructed to mimic in design devices like the ipad or smartphones which are already familiar with the targeted clients. This will also give the product a more likely acceptance in the market place. This report will show the demand and necessity of the Virtual Tutoring Owl, based on the analysis of situational and external factors in the chosen test market area of PG County, MD school system. Purpose and Mission The purpose of this product is to introduce a supplemental educational device that will assist students in homework, hence achieving better test scores, without attending a traditional sit-in tutoring class. The product’s appeal is that it is: durable, wireless, less time consuming, user friendly, and lastly fun to use because it is voice activated and yields voice responses. The product reduces the amount of time that students would otherwise spend in going for after class tutorials. This is important as some students do not learn much from these after class tutorials as in mo