ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Garbology represents a new branch of science focusing on the study of garbage. It is closely connected with Anthropology as it uses garbage as the source of information about people’s way of life. The investigation of refuse can provide an insight into the economic status, habits, and hobbies of people. The aim of this essay is to characterize my own way of life on the basis of the records of everything thrown away by me during a week. The Investigation of the Refuses Record The recording of the things by the frequency they were thrown away during the week allowed concluding that the waste of food products took the first place in the list. It goes without saying that the food refuses to describe my preferences and tastes. In addition, they characterize my income and economic status. So, my food refuses to serve as evidence of my frequent consumption of milk products, including creams, sour creams, and yogurts. Besides, my food consumption included cereals, vegetables, fruits, chicken, and a lot of sea products. I think it describes my preferences in food and my intention to live a healthy way of life. A lot of instant coffee pods were thrown away to prove my intense workload and the absence of free time. Probably, it also tells about the expensiveness of a coffee machine for me. A lot of wasted packages of snacks can also be found in my garbage bin. It is not surprising, as I like to spend a couple of hours in the evening watching my favorite TV show and eating snacks. In addition, you can see wasted packages of the fodder for puppies because I have recently bought a puppy. The household chemical and personal hygiene products take second place on my list. The absence of packages of the scented soap makes it clear that I do not like the strong aroma. Moreover, some of the scented soaps cause allergies. The packages of the traditional face soap or the soap of natural ingredients prevailed in the week refuses of the household chemical and personal hygiene products. The remaining part of the garbage consisted of wasted newspapers and magazines. These items in my garbage bin prove that reading is my favorite hobby. In addition, they make it clear that I like reading The New York Times and The Independent . In addition, I like People and Entertainment Weekly . Usually, I do not keep old magazines and throw them away, as soon as I have read the articles interesting for me. The wasted newspapers and magazines indicate my educational level and interest in the world’s political and economic news. Besides, they make obvious the fact that I like different kinds of entertainment too. Conclusion The results of my garbage investigation showed that I am an employed person with a very intense workload, sometimes requiring working at nights; I adhere to t
Introduction Effect of religion on the economic growth of any country is one of the dilemmas which are facing the religious sects in the word history. Consequently the religious groups have tried to regard the poverty status as the virtue of the society. At the same time many churches have treated the poverty as a virtue. For instance the bible which is considered as a holy book states clearly that “those who are poor are likely to gain a lot of blessings and at the same time they are likely to inherit the kingdom of God”. On the other hand the Buddhism group recommends that the monks are supposed to abstain from any economic activities so as to gain the kingdom of God. Moreover it can be established that these religious groups are interested on gaining money by recommending the payments of tithes from their followers (Giddens, Athony, 50-53). This is critically seen as one way of involving in the economic activities. Most of the contributions are made by the richest individuals who regard this way as one method of gaining glory from the lord. Never the less those who become rich while participating in the religious matters they are fully accommodated. This paper tries to bring out the effect of religion in the economic growth. At the same time it tries to establish whether the problem of the economy is brought by modernity in the society. Discussion Religious organizations have constantly affected the growth of the economies of some nation. For instance some of the religious in the Middle East, have influenced the politics of the east which has led to a lot of uprisings and serious wars in the name of religious salvation which has greatly influenced the decline of the economic status of such countries. This habit whereby the religious sects are actively participating in the economic activities have nowadays led to the formation of many religious sects who are interested in making money other evangelizing the word of the lord. So many sects have been formed due to the separation from the main groups. Many people who are socially and economically disadvantaged individuals have opted for the participation in the religious activities as a way of getting salvation. Those religious groups who have the low economic status usually refer the wealthy
According to Taylor Cox, managing diversity is “planning and implementing organizational systems and practices to manage people so that the potential advantages of diversity are maximized while its potential disadvantages are minimized” (Cox, 1993). The modern global organizations have shifted the approach to human resource management and the way in which current employees’ management takes place. The increase in global corporations also creates a diverse workforce in terms of ethnicity, race, age, gender, religion, and sexual orientations among others. These issues are forcing organizations to review issues which they have traditionally ignored in their practices. Most successful outcomes of managing diversity usually have their roots from recruitment, hiring, placement, and retention of the best workforce in an organization. This indicates that organizations, which have strategies of managing their workforce diversities, must create a working environment that enhances satisfaction, commitment, and motivation of different people. Diversity management in the workforce also enhances firms’ performance and quality in terms of improving creativity, skills, flexibility, conflict management and problem-solving skills (Cascio, 2010). What is the most challenging aspect of diversity in your organization? What would be some strategies to alleviate these issues? Studies by Hayes showed that organizations can succeed at achieving effective management in diversity if the top executives have commitment and fully support the initiative (Hayes, 1999). In the current changing workforce compositions, the organization adopt the concept of equal opportunity in order manage its diverse workforce. Organizations concentrate in business areas, such as compensation, hiring, transfers, promotions, and terminations with regard to its human resource management. Firms have introduced affirmative action and equal opportunity for any employees and potential employees. The firms do this through conducting special programs solely for minorities, women, people with disabilities, and people with special disabilities mainly war veterans. The HR policies ensure equal chances for career growth and compensations. Firms consider effective management of their employees using diversity policies as strategic business objectives. This is what most companies expect every line manager to promote. Training in diversity and other programs have ensured that different workers from different races and ethnicity interact openly, frequently, and working effectively in enhancing organization’s growth. These are positive consequenc
Two main art styles that dominated the Middle Ages are the Romanesque and Gothic styles. Both styles apply mostly to architecture. The former style began in the 9 th century and lasted until the 12 th century. It was succeeded by the latter style that began in the 12 th century and lasted until the 15 th century. Saint-Sernin Basilica Amiens Cathedral Outstanding examples of both styles are Saint-Sernin Basilica in Toulouse, France that represents the Romanesque style, and Amiens Cathedral in Saleux, France that is representative of the Gothic style (Rice University). The first similarity between the two styles is their origin and structure-location. Both originated in Europe and the structures resulting from both styles of art lie within the same continent. The second similarity is their religious orientation. Both styles have their basis in Christianity; both styles constructed structures that are identifiable with the Christian religion. The third similarity relates to certain features of architecture which both styles treat similarly. These are interior general view, interior aisles, interior choir/transept, and aisle vaults (Rice University). Among the many differences in both styles, the most prominent one relates to the Arches and Vaults, diagrams of which are depicted below (Athena Review): Roman tradition In continuation of Roman tradition, Romanesque arches are semicircular in shape. Following the Islamic architecture of the Near East during the 8 th century, Gothic arches are pointed (Athena Review). Using local brick laced with limestone, the Romanesque style features barrel vaults with transverse arches over them, while the galleries and side aisles have quadrant and groin vaults over them respectively. Using prefabricated limestone, the Gothic style features ogival or ribbed vaults; these are superior to barrel vaults because while the latter spreads the weight and thrust along the wall equally, the former aims the thrust at areas where the ribs meet the wall in clerestory level masonry, whose weight is borne by the flying buttresses on the exterior of the structure (Rice University). The second difference between the two styles is the Exterior General View. The Romanesque style has characteristic readability involving all the architectural elements as well delineated units that are added one to another to form a pyramid-shaped building comprising distinct geometrical forms. The Gothic style locates all the architectural components on the outside of the structure to form a radial armature that bears the weight of big stained glass walls. The third difference is the Exterior Windows. While the Romanesque style has few windows spaces with simple lancets, the Gothic style has a larger number of windows with many lancets characterized by ‘sticks of stone’ collected together under an oculus. The fourth difference is the Interior Elevation. The Romanesque style has a two-story elevation including arcade and vaulted gallery bearing the weight of a longitudinal barrel vault strengthened by transverse arches. The Gothic style has a three-story elevation including arcade , triforium with pathway and clerestory window (Rice Universit
Problem Identification Oakwood Lawns has difficulties with the development and adoption of effective policies for labor remuneration. The annual salary of Oakwood’s CEO is close to $1 million while an average worker in the enterprise is paid merely $28.000. Currently, the organization faces the threat of employees’ demotivation and dissatisfaction due to the public disclosure of these numbers, and disagreement with the excess CEO’s pay. Previously, the employees were told that the company comes through financial difficulties, and the annual payment increase will not be offered. Thus, the problem’s publicity jeopardizes internal sustainability and organizational reputation. Analysis The effective labor remuneration strategies include methods for material and non-material stimulation of employees for the achievement of organizational goals (Yermoshenko & Goryacheva, 2014). Payment is the major element of the organizational motivation model, and it is observed that monetary stimulation can significantly increase working performance and work value that would lead to the improvement of organizational productivity and profitability. In the development of payment strategies, Oakwood Lawn did not comply with the transparency principles and the sudden leak of information provoked the turmoil among the employees and other stakeholders. As a result, the serious damage to the organizational culture and reputation is made. Employees are the major organizational stakeholders, and it is observed that the consideration of stakeholders’ interests positively affects organizational performance (Kakabadse, Kakabadse, & Kouzmin, 2004). Therefore, it is important to take measures for the improvement of the situation. Options The payment policy is used to regulate the financial relationships between employers and subordinates. In case the Oakwood ‘s management prefers to do nothing, the company will likely encounter significant challenges in the recruitment of new employees. Moreover, there will be a decrease in working motivation and productivity. The leaders may undertake measures for the change of payment strategy – evaluate current levels of pay, adopt transparency policies, and integrate values into the corporate culture. In this way, it will be possible to develop employees’ trust and minimize the potential risk of organizational culture deterioration. And the third alternative is the implementation of leadership strategies that would ensure the executives’ compliance with the ethical principles and consideration of stakeholders’ interests. The effective leadership strategy includes the appropriate and fair remuneration of directors, and it helps to improve corporate social performance (Kakabadse et al., 2004). Recommendations The target audience includes the members of the executive offices and the director of the HR department who will be responsible for the adoption of new modes of internal conduct and implementation of new strategies in practice. The case demonstrates that Oakwood ‘s CEO doesn’t pay significant attention
Introduction Ethics refers to moral behavior that is acceptable to a particular society. Seglin defines ethics as a set of moral issues that are regarded to be righteous (4). Given a narrower perspective, ethics can be considered as an act of doing what the society expects at the right time and in the right manner. However, ethics can be viewed from a wider perspective. In this regard, it can be viewed as a meta-ethics, normative ethics, applied ethics, moral psychology and descriptive ethics. Whichever way one views ethics from, this is the morality in actions of an individuals or a group of individuals. The current society is very sensitive on issues that pertain to morals. Many organizations consider ethics as a basic requirement that its members must consider when conducting their daily duties. It is a requisite for any institution that hopes to achieve its set objectives within a set time line. Ethics in Law and Religion Ethics cuts across different institutions, each with its own specifications of what it takes to be considered ethical. Law and ethics may not go hand in hand in most of the cases. What the law may demand of an individual may be considered as unethical to the society. Law may demand that an individual make a confession against a friend or family member, act in line with some demands that may force one to hit back, or such other actions that may result in one being viewed as not considerate to others plight. In law, ethics is viewed as practices that are in line with legislation of a given country or state. Professionals such as lawyers, doctors, marketers, engineers among others have a code of conduct that is expected of them. This is called professional or legal ethics. As a representative to his or her clients, a lawyer is expected to respect the privacy that may be due to the client. He or she should be a representative who is trustworthy either financially or otherwise. Ethics in law is of benefit to the professionals and their clients. A lawyer who maintains ethics is likely to attract more clients to his or her firm. The clients will be assured of a standard service, without the fear of fraud from the service provider. However, ethics may not work well in some cases. One may fail to deliver justice if ethics is considered. There may be a case that demands for a punishment that the society considers unethical, but one which delivers justice. Therefore, one may be forced to sacrifice justice for ethics. Religion refers to a set of beliefs of a given group of people. Ethics in religion may be defined as acting according to the beliefs and practices of a given religion (Badaracco 51). The world is characterized by a variety of religious groups, each with different doctrines. The Muslim religion has a very strict code of conduct expected of the followers of both gender. This is in regard to dress code and other behavioral factors.
Introduction A computer is a type of information system that enables users to process data into information. Computers are defined by the applications they support, and businesses are turning into such programs to easily manage organizational data. A spreadsheet is an application that performs functions similar to an accounting worksheet. Excel is an example of spreadsheet software supplied by Microsoft, thus enabling individuals and organizations to manage their data through financial calculations. Therefore, this paper provides a description of the Excel spreadsheet tool and the relevant applications of spreadsheets in finance, marketing, and accounting activities. Description of Excel Spreadsheet Excel is spreadsheet software that enables users to perform calculations in rows and columns. It also contains graphing tools, charts, and a programming language known as VB for Applications . The application is a component of Microsoft Office. The present releases are Excel 2010 for Windows and Excel 2011 for Mac. Excel enables users to design tables and financial statements by supplying data and functions into rows and columns. One application of Excel is the management of finances. This is because Excel contains in-built functions and various mathematical formulas (FunctionX par.3). Microsoft excel has the fundamental characteristics of all spreadsheets. It has rows and columns and in-built functions supplied to deal with statistical, financial, and business requirements. In addition, the graph tool presente
Introduction There are many interesting places to be visited in Berlin. Each site has its history and impact on the country. Unfortunately, several tourists pay their attention to the places that are defined by their guides and neglect the beauty and importance of small places or the places with a little historical significance. The story of Pariser Platz is rich and profound, but it is usually confused or combined with the history of the Brandenburg Gate located left of the square’s center. This paper aims at discussing the architectural peculiarities of Pariser Platz, the square in the center of Berlin that was created at the beginning of the 1730s, destroyed during the years of the World War II with the only structure left, and rebuilt with time to become the symbol of separation and unification of the people of Berlin. Historical Context The history of Pariser Platz began in 1732. At the beginning and during almost the next century, the place was known as an ordinary square with its goal to symbolize the external borders of the city. It did not have a name. Regarding the expansion of the city, the location of the square was changed. After several years of expansion, the square turned out to be the center of the city. In 1814, it finally got its name in honor of Napoleon’s defeat and the occupation of Paris by the existed anti-Napoleon allies. 1 It was not the center of the city only. At that moment, it was the symbol of the power of the country and the unity of its people. Pariser Platz attracted the attention of many people and created the need to develop as many buildings as possible at the square to underline their importance and roles for people. For example, at the square, embassies of America and France were located. Besides, it was the location of one of the most beautiful and impressive hotels in Berlin. Finally, there was the Academy of the Arts. The form of the place was effective indeed and made the location of many offices and buildings possible without considerable changes. However, the outcomes of the World War II were tragic for Pariser Platz because air forces of the enemies destroyed all buildings: 2 Fig. 1 Pariser Platz The only things that left were the form of the square and the Brandenburg Gate. With time, the Berlin War was built next to Pariser Platz, and the square was abandoned for years. It was isolated. In 1990, Berlin was reunited, and the Wall was destroyed. In a moment, Pariser Platz turned out to be the place where people from different parts of the city could meet each other and share their experiences. The historical overview proves that Pariser Platz could be defined as the symbol of hope and a union of the people of Berlin. Ladd’s Evaluation In the book chosen for the analysis, not much attention is paid to Pariser Platz. Ladd did not find it necessary to say a lot about the chosen site. Such a decision could be explained by the recognition of the Brandenburg Gate as the main sight of the city. Pariser Platz is not a building or a sculpture to be discovered. It is the place where a lot of events occurred, and many significant buildings were created. Th
Introduction It is possible to shape people’s opinions on sensitive issues using the media. My teammates and I set to prove this hypothesis by conducting several simple interviews. The interviews targeted fourteen randomly selected individuals. All the interviews sought to unravel how the media affects the interviewees’ decision-making abilities. Two questions were used for the interview. The first question was whether any interviewee had ever received any information concerning harm reduction initiatives from the media. The media that was referenced in this case included radio, television, the internet, and newspapers among others. If an interviewee answered yes to this first question, he/she was supposed to give examples. The second question required individuals to express their opinions about harm reduction services. The interviewees were supposed to reveal whether they do or do not support the aforementioned services. The results that were acquired from the interviews were classified into three categories including types of media, media bias, and harm reduction services. Types of Media The interviewees revealed that their most common sources of information concerning harm reduction services included but were not limited to online publications, print media, television, and radio. When it came to harm reduction services, the interviewees claimed that the newspaper was the most prominent type of media in this regard. Some of the interviewees alleged that newspaper articles constantly highlighted detrimental social trends. Consequently, the readers’ outlook of their society was mostly negative. The results of the interview also revealed that some types of media are closely connected to bias than others. For instance, most interviewees associated newspapers with an alleviated level of harm reduction services. Media Bias The interviewees revealed that they have encountered media-based bias on several occasions. According to one interviewee, information on harm reduction has been distorted by media reporting. This sentiment is echoed by other interviewees who claim that newspaper articles are responsible for misreporting news on harm reduction. Another factor that was found to affect harm reduction is the unreliable nature of news that is relayed over the internet. Information that is transmitted over the internet is subject to edits from non-professionals. Consequently, people who do not have the necessary skills of handling information end up influencing harm reduction. Most of the individuals who were interviewed cited print media as being a great contributor to bias. Several interviewees considered newspapers to be the most unreliable sources of information. Media Support towards HR Services The results of this research indicated that the interviewees were in full support of harm reduction. The interviewees’ support of harm reduction service was backe