Tectonic Hazards Natural disasters result from natural processes that have occurred throughout the history of the Earth. Tectonic hazards arise when the Earth’s crust moves. For example, friction can cause them to get stuck when the plates are moving. Climate hazards occur when specific weather conditions exist in a region; for example, heavy rains can lead to flooding. Hazards can have economic, social, and environmental consequences. The risks or likelihood of specific implications for each hazardous event vary significantly. Difficulties to Assess Risk in Terms of Tectonic Hazards Many factors hamper short-term forecasting of mass movement events. Slope destabilization events require constant attention. Mass displacement hazards from volcanic eruptions can be predicted with the same degree of confidence as volcanic eruptions. Still, again, the threat must be recognized, and warning signs must be taken into account. Hydrological conditions: heavy precipitation can be forecast with some confidence, and warnings can be issued for areas susceptible to mass movement processes caused by such conditions (Earthquakes: tectonics, hazard and risk mitigation, 2017, p.205). However, it is difficult to say precisely which hillside out of the millions in existence will be vulnerable to an event caused by, for example, heavy rain. The Concept of Resilience Resilience is the ability to absorb or avoid damage without total failure and is the goal of designing, maintaining, and rehabilitating buildings, infrastructure, and communities. A complete definition is the ability to respond, absorb and adapt, and recover in the event of a disruptive event. It is expected that a robust structure/system/community will be able to withstand an extreme event with minimal damage and disruption of functionality during the event; after the event, it must be able to quickly restore its functionality, similar to or even better than the level before the event. The Social and Economic Impacts of Tectonic Hazards The consequences of earthquakes are hazardous. If the primary factors of destruction during earthquakes can practically be attributed only to sharp shocks and vibrations of the Earth’s surface, then the secondary characteristics are very diverse. Conventionally, they can be divided into natural and related to human activities. The consequences of human activity include damage and destruction of buildings, fires, explosions, emissions of harmful substances, transport accidents, and failure of life support systems. Floods, including catastrophic ones, are possible due to a breakthrough in hydraulic engineering and water supply structures. Injuries and deaths of people occur mainly due to damage caused by debris from destroyed buildings, structures, structures, and falling objects, as well as being in the rubble and the lack of timely assistance (Siccardi, 2013, p. 94). The annual damage from earthquakes is 7 billion dollars. Mass Movement Hazards: Slope Stability, Role of Gravity, and Role of Water The main force responsible for the movement of the mass is gravity. On a flat surface, gravity acts downward. As long as the material remains on a flat surface, it will not move und