ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The challenges which Hamlet faces during his story seem truly harsh and brutal to endure without them affecting at least slightly his mental condition and developing obsessional grief. Therefore, it is unmistakable that the main character may experience difficulties withstanding all the issues during his life. By and whole, it appears that Hamlet’s complicated relationships with his relatives, along with their actions, are the reasons for him becoming uncertain about him continuing to live his life. To begin with, it is evident to the reader that the main character is overwhelmed by the grief and mourning of his father. As a matter of fact, his father was killed by his uncle, Claudius, who then became his step-father (Shakespeare, 2016). Undoubtedly, such a situation is likely to negatively impact anyone’s health, considering that the deaths of loved ones seem challenging to withstand at any time. Indeed, Hamlet is no exception as he experiences a vicious cycle of mania replacing depression, which affects his moods, leading to him obsessing over his father’s death and seeking his revenge. Furthermore, Hamlet experiences difficulties in explaining his grief to his mother, Gertrude. It seems that the fact that they do not share the same opinion about his father’s death complicates Hamlet’s grief even more. Therefore, the character recognizes this loss as something more profound in his soul that never lets him just be. That is why when Hamlet meets his father’s ghost, he experiences a feeling of importance, meaning that he has to do something to not only make himself feel better but to avenge his dear parent. To be more exact, he starts planning his vengeance thoroughly, but it appears that after the “For Hecuba” part, he loses his rush and becomes more cautious about his aim (Shakespeare, 2016, p. 25). Overall, his focus on vengeance shifts to inaction, which is slowly killing him from inside and making him feel guilty, but his evident depression and grief take the best of him, so he continues doing nothing. In fact, Hamlet also faces numerous difficulties in his relationship with Ophelia, his love interest, which only develops his obsession and uncertainty. Hamlet’s attempts to avenge his father definitely border on him losing his sanity, so Ophelia becomes especially worried about his mental state. Moreover, it seems that it is actually Hamlet’s goal to prove to everyone that he is genuinely insane and is losing his mind so that he can continue working on his plan of vendetta without any interference from others. Even though his aforementioned mental issues indeed cloud his judgments, including his goal of striking his uncle for Claudius to pay for Hamlet’s father’s death, the main character still believes in his deep connection and love to Ophelia (Shakespeare, 2016). Nevertheless, his manic episodes become even more intense when he experiences one more death of his dear Ophelia. As a matter of fact, it seems that this loss has even more impact on his condition as Hamlet desires to be buried with her just so that no one can separate them ever (Shakespeare, 2016). Hamlet shows the character’s s
Chief Complaint M. is a 22-year-old African American male patient, who has developed bipolar disorder and GAD. The patient complained about frequent mood swings and increased inattention and excessive worrying, as well as increased muscle tension. Past Psychiatric History The patient used to have mild depression caused by bullying at school. However, after several months of therapy, the problem disappeared. Since then, the patient has not expressed major concerns about his psychological health. Substance Use History The patient smokes about 0.5 packs of cigarettes per day, which he admits to being a bad habit. M. started smoking at the age of 18, yet his use of it has varied depending on his mood swings and stress factors. Past Medical History M. has experienced hypertension caused by stress. Family History The patient does not communicate with his family members often, although there are no conflicts between them. Past Surgical History M. has not undergone any surgeries. Social and Environmental History M. is currently studying for a Bachelor’s degree in Aviation. The patient has been in relationships for two years, yet he prefers to live separately from his partner in a 1-room apartment. M. does not have any legal issues. The patient seems to be dependent on social media since he checks his status regularly and is easily distracted from other activities due to the unceasing monitoring of social media activities. Furthermore, the patient should restore his connection to his family members since the specified issue contributes to the problem significantly. Developmental History During the first crisis according to Eriksson’s theory, the patient has experienced abandonment from his parents resulting in mistrust. The specified issue has shaped the patient’s further life, causing him to develop anxiety out of fear of being abandoned. Trauma History The patient denies having had any physical traumas in the past. Allergies The patient is allergic to peanuts, which makes him check his food for possible allergens regularly. Review of System General: No fever observed HEENT: Nasal issues, chest pain, or respiratory issue shave been noticed CV: No edema, chest pain, or murmur GI: Neither diarrhea nor constipation has been detected GU: Neither frequency nor urgency has been noticed Skin: No rash or abscess has been observed Hematology: No bleeding or bruises noticed Endocrine: no issues concerning intolerance toward heat or cold noticed Neurologic: no weakness or headache noticed Immunologic: the patient is allergic to peanuts; no asthma or asthma-related issues Musculoskeletal: No pain in joints or back Psychiatric: anxiety and depression as the key signs of GAD and bipolar disord
Hardwood Wood is the oldest construction material known to humanity. Before man had made advances enabling him to use brick and mortar, wood presented the viable stating place because of its relative abundance and ease of working. Almost all cultures have a history of working with wood for various applications. In ancient times, the Chinese stand out as experts on wood technology. However, all civilizations claim equal stake in developing wood applications in their localities. Hardwood grows naturally in different parts of the world. It is the main raw material for hardwood flooring. Woodcutters obtain the wood from forests and saw it into planks for use as a flooring material. Natural properties of wood limit the size of each plank because wood naturally expands and contracts when there are variations in temperature and humidity. Wood grows naturally in most parts of the world. Different climatic conditions favor different species of wood. Therefore, each continent has certain species unique to it, classified as either hardwood or softwood. In general, hardwood provides a more durable material because of its density and best fits as a material for wooden floors. It take longer to mature thereby making its sustainable management more difficult compared to softwood. Wood is a renewable resource. Hardwood trees take much longer than softwood trees to mature. This makes their sustainability more difficult to establish compared softwood trees. Nevertheless, with good management, hardwood stocks are a sustainable resource that can last for many generations. In the world, America has the best sustainability practices for its hardwood stocks (American Hardwood Export Council). Wood is sustainable because it is possible to grow them afresh after harvesting. “The U.S. hardwood sawmilling and processing industry, the largest in the world, depends upon the hardwood forests of the United States for the widest range of temperate hardwood species in the world” (American Hardwood Export Council). Hardwood forests constitute forty percent of all forest cover in the United States. The forests provide raw materials for different applications including flooring. The species used for making hardwood-flooring boards include, oak, walnut, pine, cherry, teak, and maple. The possible applications for any type of wood depend on its density and its physical appearance. Denser woods provide an ideal material for heavy uses such as flooring on high traffic areas, construction of external doors and durable furniture among others. Softwood trees on the other hand lend themselves for use as materials for lighter uses. While softwood timber is useable for flooring, it wears out faster making it is less attractive as a flooring material. The installation of a wooden floor is a skilled job. They key pre-installation advice is, “store flooring where it will be installed” (Peterson & Engel 15). This ensures that the wood adapts to the humidity in its surroundings. Otherwise, the floor may buckle if the wood has lesser humidity during installation, or it may develop gaps if it has at a higher humidity. Asphalt felt, put b
Every business needs to plan its activities. Cash has become the main item that keeps organisations running. Therefore, a budget is necessary for its forecasted expenditure and financing. A budget is also needed to ascertain the extent to which the organisation utilised its income and expenses efficiently. Value of Budgeting I do not agree with the statement that running a personal business does not require budgeting. Budgeting is a process that enables any business to keep track of its records. The records can be strategic for the long term or just for a short period (Atrill & McLaney 2013). A business person uses them to forecast the need for the company in future and to gauge the actual past performance. Large corporations have some of the unique methods of budgeting. They have to accommodate all the stakeholders and ensure that the report is satisfactory to their needs. In such organisations, the shareholders need a financial report to know how their investment is faring on and to know the needs of the company (Wiseman, 2010). They are investors. Therefore, they would like to know if the business can pay them dividends. The non-profit organisations will use the budgets to know how they can assist the firm to grow. The fundraisers and financiers will also need to know if the responsible persons put previous funds into fair use. Small and medium businesses need to make records for their activities to establish their growth pattern. Budgets help the enterprises to analyse their performance and set the pace for future developments. They also help the organisations to manage their resources effectively (Keillor, 2011). For instance, a business that does not budget may never accurately know if it is making profit or losses. Therefore, budgets are necessary for planning to provide direction to the firm. They also assist the organisation to establish control mechanisms to measure performance. It also enhances communication between departments. Characteristics of a Budgeting System The budget making process can be detailed or simplified depending on the organisational requirements. A detailed budget is critical because it caters for all areas of the departments in the organisation. It consists of the sales targets, staffing plans, production levels, cash investment and borrowing, and capital expenditure (Keillor, 2011). After forecasting, actual budgets are also suitable for analysing performance. The top-down budgeting process requires that the top leadership makes the budget and then passes it to lower departments for comment, negotiation, and agreement. The bottom-up approach involves setting up key targets and direction and then allowing the lower level managers to complete the fi
The history of the Volkswagen car company stretches back to 1931 when Ferdinand and Zundapp designed and developed the “Auto fur Jederman” meaning, the car for everybody. Later on, Adolf Hitler submitted sketches to Ferdinand Porsche, christening it “the peoples car” having the capacity to carry two adults and three children, and the ability to do 100 km/ h. However, Porsche reformulated Hitler’s sketches. Therefore, there is lucidity in the thought that the Volkswagen car company started out by making economic family cars (Mahoney, Mahoney, Vallance 2003). Initially, people held reservations towards the Volkswagen cars citing their seemingly rough ride, low engine and noisiness. However, with the accentuation of time, all these misgivings have been proved baseless with the Volkswagen car company scooping the fourth awards after Ford Model T, the Mini and the DS Citroen in the International Poll for the World’s Most Influential Cars of the 20 th Century. In the same wavelength, the Volkswagen company has remained as the US top seller even after the renovation of of the hind wheels’ traditional sub compacts and their replacement with the front wheel drive make. Further traces of development has been clearly demonstrated by the recent scooping of the first prize of the Celebrations of the Motor Trader National Awards which was held at Grosvenor House and Hotel in London. In this event that was held on the 13 th July 2007, the Volkswagen car company was rated as having become the the most improved business in the face of stiff national competition. The criteria that were used to arrive at these merits were the financial performance, customer and affiliate satisfaction, business investment, and the overall entrepreneurial turnaround which had scaled upwards by 53%. According to the director of the New Groups Finance, Nigel White, the company had increased the new and reconditioned cars use volumes by 41% and its after sales services by 26%. In addition to this, Nigel continues that the Volkswagen company had a positive margin movement of 4.82% (Malachowski 2004). These above accruals that were received by the Volkswagen car company were attributed to the observation of business ethics and values. On the other hand, business ethics and values are concepts that touch on the obligations of the employee, the employer and the clientèle in the field of business. The dominant issue here is the concept of right or wrong in the course of business transaction. Business ethics and values is multifaceted since the matters that touch on business transactions are diverse, ranging from accounts, human relations, sales and marketing, to production and globalisation among other things (Macfarlane, Ottewill 2001). Ethics of accounts and auditing relate to the responsibility towards matters that touch on record keeping in relation to a company’s cash flow. It is a highly regarded norm by the Volkswagen car company that proper records of accounts are kept by the mother company in Germany and the rest of the subsidiaries world wide. However, copies of the subsidiaries are sent to the mother compa
Liberalism seeks political freedom against the absolute monarchy. It involves freedom, free elections, and liberal democracy. Liberalism embraces freedom both politically as well as economically. It states that the social-economic way of life of people should not be interfered as well as their rights. Economical freedom maybe reflected when someone’s private properties are protected. Liberalism has different forms. Classical liberalism is one of them and requires freedom of social relationships. A state is seen as a failure if in any way it interferes with the freedom of social relationships. A person has the freedom to be in business according to the classical liberalism. Liberalism in Europe began as early as from the 17th century. There was French liberalism and English liberalism. French liberalism tried to do away with authoritative political structures while English liberalism promoted democratic values. The conservatives observed the adherence of laws contrast to liberals. Conservatives stress submission to the law. The liberalism is connected to enlightenment in that the liberalists are enlightened people who always wanted freedom in all spheres of life. They wanted democracy, free elections and were not subjective. The conservatives’ ideas and beliefs did conflict. Liberalists questioned the subject of powers while conservatives did not. The conservatives had Platonic sentiments; they liked being subjects of a government that was established. Therefore, they didn’t get their satisfaction from seeking freedom but from an established government. The Conservatives believed in traditional life, and were mostly from the upper class. Liberalists were mostly from the middle class. Effects of Industrial Revolution in Europe The industrial revolution changed the social structures. It changed the way people lived. People were mostly found on very small village before there was revolution. They either worked as either skilled craftsmen or in fields. They did not use machines, only by hand and worked mostly in families. Most people in Britain came from countryside and only relied on farming. After the revolution, all this changed. The revolution introduced laws for enclosure which required everyone to fence their grounds. Many farmers were left unemployed and sought work in factories that were opened regularly. This made them to migrate to towns so as to be near their working places. This resulted to urbanization and a higher cost of living. Others worked for less money, and many working hours. Everyone worked, both women and children due t
Introduction Investment bankers are considered dynamic professionals. These individuals thrive in environments that are susceptible to changes. The most important role that an investment banker plays is providing a high level of advice to various clients (Casparie, 2007). The job involves massive financial analysis; therefore, a strong foundation in finance and economics is necessary. Investment bankers are also known as a strategist and have the modicum capacity to produce future events. In addition, investment bankers do planning especially in allocating investment for various investment portfolios. Unlike other professionals, an investment banker is unique and covers different markets which are exclusive to the financial world. Main body It is common for investment bankers to cover a wide array of tasks. Specifically, investment bankers act as underwriters and agents for corporations and municipalities that issue securities. Moreover, investment bankers maintain both broker and dealer responsibilities. As mentioned earlier, investment bankers provide in-depth analysis of economic and market events and issue valuable advisory reports. Investment bankers perform as a facilitator during corporate events such as mergers, acquisitions, and buyouts. Further, investment bankers aid companies in doing financial restructuring and provide different options to maintain robust operations. Constant learning is vital to individuals who plan to be involved with investment banking. The entry-level position serves as an orientation that will allow investment bankers to be merged with processes. Investment bankers normally start as analysts or at times associates. Analysts are required to provide financial proposals and familiarize the financial markets. Some companies provide options to analysts to acquire post-graduate education usually in the field of finance and management. Investment banking provides a wide range of opportunities for its employees. One of the segments that investment bankers can work on is corporate finance. It allows investment bankers to help firms in raising their capital for projects and operations. Investment bankers are tasked to determine the capital requirement of companies. Capital necessities are usually sourced out through stocks, bonds, and retained earnings. Another job option that investment bankers can venture into is facilitating mergers and acquisitions. The role of investment bankers in these situations stretches to the normal advisory service (Beatty and Ritter, 1986). Investment bankers are asked to participate in biddings and negotiations and until the deal is finalized. It is also possible for investment bankers to work in project finance. This segment is considered the most promising part of investment banking. Project finance involves the pooling of funds from companies and governments to pursue long-term capital projects such as oil exploration. Investment bankers check the viability of projects and the capacity of involved parties to make financial commitments. Structured finance is also another area that expands the career options of
Every person’s life can be represented as a summary of all solutions and actions made by an individual in particular situations. For this reason, I believe it is vital to have specific topics that should be avoided to guarantee that you will not regret some actions or solutions. These themes should also be linked to your moral and ethical code as they are vital factors affecting the behavior of every person. For instance, one type of thing I usually try to avoid is politics. In most cases, it remains a highly subjective sphere, and every person might have his/her vision of particular events, their relevance, importance, and correctness. Discussion of such topics can result in the development of a conflict and critical deterioration of relations between individuals. For this reason, I prefer to avoid touching upon politics to taking part in it. Religion is another topic I usually try to avoid because of several factors. I think it is a fundamental aspect of the life of every person, and it can play a critical role in the functioning of communities. Every person has the right to believe in things he/she finds meaningful and sacred for him/her. At the same time, faith remains one of the most common sources of conflicts as people try to protect their sets of values and worldview, ensure others that there is only one right religion, and make them accept it. For me, such behavior is unacceptable as the freedom to worship is one of the basic human rights, meaning that every individual can have his/her ideas. For this reason, I try to avoid political and religious topics as they can be offensive or lead to the development of a conflict.