ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction It is undeniable that technology has revolutionized the way modern society interacts with information. Moreover, there have been more types of media are on the rise recently. Certainly, this undermines the Copyright Law since modern media content can easily be modified, used, or transferred across media platforms. In order to protect intellectual property in modern media, stringent measures need to be considered. This paper discusses the necessity of a stronger copyright law on modern media. Internet Internet consists of many applications such as file sharing, blogging, video and file sharing, tagging, video logs, YouTube, digital libraries among others. It also offers a platform in which trade for media content takes place. All these technologies present loopholes in which the existing copyright laws are infringed. It thus becomes necessary to have stronger and more stringent copyright law to protect authors from misuse of their intellectual property. This also goes hand in hand with digitizing the law to ensure that it takes into account possible breach (Bailey 2006). Television Television has become an integral part of the modern society. Modern television is characterized by wide variety of intellectual properties pertaining to movies, news, music, adverts, and documentaries, among others. In addition, video sharing technology has changed the way information is passed on through television. For instance, it is possible to present an interview of several people through web conferencing. Intellectual property relating to graphics, illustrations, content among others need to be protected from this digital revolution (Verbauwhede, 2005). Strong copyright law is essential in guarding any intellectual property presented through television. This may include strong copyright law on consumer profiles, means of advertisements, adverts slogans, persona, and product endorsements among others. Films Film industry has not been left behind by the technological advancement. Shooting, recording, development, distribution, and sale of film products solely depend on modern technology. The filming process uses technology such as video editing that can make it possible to use parts or sections of other person’s film or literary work. For instance, there are many movies done from themes in novel. Original authors of such works need to be adequately covered from copyright infringement. On the other hand, the film industry needs to be covered from unauthorized sharing, distribution, sharing, and sale of their work (Overbeck & Belmas, 2010). Warez bb, Pirates Bay and other content sharing sites are good examples of why there is need to have strong copyright law. Free membership to these sites guarantees you free access to almost any entertainment or software application content including recent release movies and music. The only way to cushion property owners is by enacting stronger copyright law that would ensure that each person having access to such property holds a degree of responsibility pertaining to the copyright law. As efforts to cushion property owners from challenges of modern media are applied, it is essential to reevaluate the definit
Introduction This Request for Proposal (RFP) offers the classification of the venture, as well as describes the precise conditions and compulsions of the winning purchaser chosen to carry out the performs defined herein. This paper also comprises a typical reply arrangement and an elucidation of how each consumer and the individual suggestion will be estimated. General Motors, Inc. (hereinafter referred to as “Buyer”) hereby demands that all salespersons admit the receiving of this RFP enclose by advising the Buyer’s delegate of their intention to bid, or not to bid. Salespersons choosing not to bid in reply to this RFP are asked to converse their result by returning the RFP package, with correspondence of clarification, to the Buyer’s spokesperson within five commerce days of the reception of this enclosed. This RFP and all narrated private data is regarded proprietary to the consumer, and is proposed only for the aim of begging a retort from probable salespersons, and is a matter to any Private Data Non-discovery Arrangement formerly implemented by the parties to the agreement. Buyer supposes no contractual responsibility, nor is any proposed, by issuing this RFP. Current RFP does not require or compel a responsibility on Buyer to compensate any seller or any of its subordinates or representatives for any costs incurred in the compliance of a suggestion or creation essential researches or intends for the training thereof, nor does it entrust Buyer to acquire or deal for the services or objects offered therein. Forthcoming salesperson rejoinder to this RFP should be arranged merely and inexpensively, offering a basic, short explanation of vendor’s abilities to please the obligations of this demand. Importance should be imposed on the wholeness and lucidity of content. Buyer reserves the right to refuse any proposal responses or to make manifold or limited honors under this demand. Award of an indenture, if any, will be accordingly with the Buyer’s Purchase Order concord that defines the rights and accountabilities of both sides and is executed between each side. This RFP, and retort to this RFP, may, at Buyer’s alternative, happen to part of the performed agreement. News discharges or declarations viewing this RFP, or probable resulting agreement, do not consent and may not be publicized by a Seller without the articulately written permission of Buyer. Seller may not use the Buyer’s name, or any of its brand names in any announcement or press release without the preceding written permission of Buyer. Purpose Buyer is getting suggestions from amusement, manufacture, recruitment, and manufactures corporations to lease, build, or provide manufactures and repairs comprising, but not limited to: leasing tools, pyrotechnics, building substances, event plan and production, graphics design and production, labor for installation and disassembling, show organization, and supplementary overhauls such as theme enhancement, video manufacture, and so on. Experienced merchants must counter in writing by Noon on the Submi
Biographical Section A Biographical Sketch of the Author Justo L. Gonzalez is a notable church historiographer and a theologian who specializes in Hispanic theology. He was born in Cuba in 1937. He went to United Seminary in Havana for his first theological training. Later, he joined Yale University for his M.A. and doctoral studies in historical theology. He first had an eight-year stint at the Puerto Rican Evangelical Seminary as a bible teacher before moving to the US. He worked as an adjunct professor at Emory University and taught at theological seminaries in Georgia. Gonzalez is a cofounder of Apuntes , a journal that carries publications on Latino theology. Gonzalez also founded the Association for Hispanic Theological Education and the Hispanic Theological Initiative. Further, he has received various recognitions and awards for his ecumenical work aimed at promoting interdenominational unity. He is a prolific author whose books are useful seminary texts. Among his popular works is the two-volume book, The Story of Christianity, which traces the history of the church from its infancy up until the dawn of the Protestant Reformation. Summary of the Contents of the Book The textbook, The Story of Christianity, Volume 1 , gives a detailed account of church history, including the dominant historical figures and events, such as the Protestant Reformation, and the European socioeconomic forces that affected the spread of Christianity in the first 15 centuries. The book is organized around four sections. In the introduction, the author explains why it is important for a believer to study church history. The main reason given is that studying the history of Christianity helps believers understand the Christian faith and the forces that have shaped, i.e., “the past that colors our vision” and threatens to make individual interpretations absolute. 1 In the first section, The Early Church , Gonzalez examines the beginnings of the early church. He explores the Jewish and Greco-Roman cultures that surrounded the early church in its outward expansion from Jerusalem. The section covers the fall of the Second Temple and the theological differences between early Christians and the Pharisees. The Pharisees practiced legalism and advocated for the application of the Law in all situations. 2 In contrast, the lives of the Sadducees, who were the aristocratic class of the Jewish society, were centered on the Temple. Due to the theological differences, the two groups differed strongly with the teachings of Jesus and His followers regarding salvation. Another aspect covered in the first section is Paul’s missions as well as those made by church leaders to minister to the Diaspora Jews and Gentiles. 3 To support the missionary work, the scriptures were translated from Hebrew to Aramaic and Greek languages that were widely spoken around the Mediterranean region. 4 These efforts culminated in the authorship of the Alexandrian bible version, the Septuagint, which played a critical role in spreading the gospel to the Gentiles. Later
The most distinctive features of post WWII period could be enumerated from the point of view of several social and economic factors like secularization, decontextualization, totalitarianism, mechanization, democratization and centralization. Along with that there were advent of individualism, linear progression, homogenization, diversification, hybridization, unification, industrial society, reductionism, universalism, subjectivism, alienation, rationalization, and bureaucracy making the Modernism a complex and intricate civilization and the WWII accelerated the basic norms of this society and developed concepts that could well be termed as cultural revolution. Thus, a drift from the old society was already in action when the Second World War took place. The Second World War ended in a period of history that was a time when the world was going through a difficult phase after the horrors of the war. It could be mentioned in the initial stages that it was degeneration time. Imperialism had taken its tolls on the world, which was grilling on the last fires of the WWII. The losses were too heavy, and the shocks, almost unbearable. People just lived through a test of the extent-organized cruelty and purposeful ruthlessness could reach. As far as the future was concerned, the initial tremors of what would lead to a massive cross across the globe were being felt. In this context, it would be relevant to mention that the generation was not finding their existence worthwhile or in other words, they wanted more out of their life for they hardly knew what to believe. They were not able to keep complete faith in religion and neither could they abandon it completely. Thus, while assessing the consumerist essence of the period Spigel notes, “ it is in the activities concerned with the home and religion that the automobile occasions the greatest emotional conflicts . (Spigel, p. 25). It was also a regeneration time. Ideological conflicts and military interests were shaking civilization right up to its foundations. The doubts, dilemmas and confusions were gradually, quite slowly indeed, giving way to a new and unique cultural revolution. It was happening all across the Western world. People suddenly seemed to realize that there was enough political warfare to disgrace humanity. The prevailing standards suddenly seemed to be meaningless, and the insurgent youths wanted something different to happen. However, it should also be mentioned that the aspects of modernism were already on their way from the time of the industrial revolution and the birth of capitalism with the assistance of better education and communication means. These aspects were influencing the society and its culture and modernism was on their way but the circumstances of the Second World War changed the acceleration of this change and formulated a rapid, and revolutionize transfiguration. This entire formulation gave rise to a whole new generation that was induced by the market economy and shaped by consumerism. It is already established that the media holds enormous power to influence the mass. Hannigan notes, “ The media were especially concerned with the issue of crowd order and cont
Air Arabia is a cheap priced flight airline headquartered in Sharjah. The airline has been in existence since the year 2003. Currently, the airline serves more than 89 destinations in Asia, Africa, and Europe, enabling millions of passengers to enjoy its low-cost services. The airline offers relaxed, dependable and value for money travel services. With the purpose of making your cash more expedient and enhance its services, Air Arabia has introduced more offers for its customers. Presently, their clients are able to assess online bookings, city checks-ins, and shuttle bus services. Through this, Air Arabia has become the air carrier of preference to most clients. In this speech, I am going to focus on quality management of Air Arabia. In the recent past, I have noted that there are a number of challenges faced by most airlines in meeting the terms set by the regulatory bodies. As such, a number of airlines do not possess the appropriate tools to have inclusive and feasible maintenance and quality plan. Air Arabia acknowledges that quality management of aviation is very vital in the industry. In this regard, the airliner has put in place measures to enhance its risk management, its internal control, and its compliance with the national and international regulatory bodies. With respect to meeting the customer’s satisfaction, the airline has ensured that it surpasses the travellers’ expectations. Its services are readily available and cheaper compared to the competitors’ prices. Through this, travellers who could not afford or access airline travel services in the past can now enjoy the opportunities. Notably, the company has been able to gain a competitive advantage over its rivals without compromising on the required aviation safety and standards. The momentous growth in the travellers’ records is proof that the airline is meeting its quality management strategies. Over the last two years, the airline has launched nine more destinations from its central hub in Sharjah. On the other hand, the company has increased the number of trips to existing destinations. Based on these illustrations, it is apparent that the airline is continuously improving year by year. Out of the airline’s commitment to meeting quality assurance, it has been able to win a number of awards. The awards are Airbus Operational Excellence awards, Low-Cost Carrier of the Year by CAPA, and CAPA Award for Best Low Fare Airline. Similarly, in the year 2011, the company’s Information Technology department got an SO/IEC 20000-1: 2011 certificate. The credential was awarded in acknowledgement for the airlines hard work in putting into a practice world-class IT services. Based on the above-mentioned achievements, it is clear that Air Arabia’s is dedicated to instituting a culture of persistent development and learning in its Information Technology department. Additionally, the ISO certification illustrates the Air Arabia’s elevated levels of competence in service delivery and the capability to advance the delivery of IT services in accordance with the growth in the IT industry a
The footprint calculator (Global Footprint Network, n.d.) allowed the assessment of personal lifestyles’ global impact. Thus, if everyone had my lifestyle, we would need 3.7 Planet Earths to supply the necessary resources. To provide for my living, 16.4 global acres of the Earth’s fruitful land will be needed. Most of this area will be necessary for energy land; much less belongs to crop and forest land. The distribution of categories that influence my ecological footprint is as follows. More than half (54 percent) belong to services. Shelter and food take less, 17, and 14 percent accordingly. The least significant categories for my footprint are goods and mobility with 10 and 6 percent. It is evident that some steps should be taken to reduce the harmful influence people have on the planet. After the analysis of my footprint, I can try consuming fewer animal products. In the global context, it could reduce the number of global acres by almost six and a half million. Another way to save resources is to buy products with minimum packaging or packed in recycled materials. This step would cut down the necessary area by more than five hundred global acres. One more aspect to consider is the spread of renewable energy resources. For example, it is possible to use solar panels to supply electricity to houses. If every citizen did so, the planet would save another three hundred global acres. The energy efficiency of home appliances should also be one of the primary concerns together with more attention to going by public transport instead of driving a car. Finally, recycling should become the responsibility of citizens. It will not only reduce the volume of waste but will also save natural resources and energy.
Abstract Plenty of people consider it sometimes quite difficult to understand others’ motives, intentions, and behaviors that lead to misunderstanding. The theory of the fundamental attribution asserts that in social situations, the following sequence is noted: a person observes the behavior of another person, makes a logical conclusion about the intentions of this person based on perceived actions and then assigns to him or her some hidden motives that are consistent with this behavior. This paper proposes the study of the attribution theory in relation to suicide, focusing on the qualitative research method and young people as the target population. The random sampling method will be used to ensure that every respondent will have an equal opportunity to be involved in the study. NVivo version 10 will be applied to analyze the collected data. Introduction The fundamental attribution theory considers the effects of perception, through which people assess the behaviors of others. Behavior may be related to either internal causes or external ones, and it is not always clear which motives may drive a person’s actions and reactions. For example, a person may feel sick, and as a result, he or she may behave aggressively in a way that reflects the external cause. In the case where the person’s character lends itself to aggressive behavior, it is an internal cause. This paper will propose the importance of exploring the fundamental attribution theory with regard to suicide, providing a review of key concepts, a literature review, and a methodology for a future study. Literature Review Essentials of Fundamental Attribution Theory The behavior of others and the inability to properly understand and adequately respond can often cause serious psychological problems. Lankford (2013) stated that internal causes are called dispositional attribution, while external ones compose situational attribution. Most often, people attribute the reasons for the behavior of other people to internal traits. The search for the causes of others’ failures and bad behavior is usually attributed to features of their personality. If people are attractive and lucky, the reasons for their success are typically attributed to the favorable circumstances of the external environment (Funder, 2014). This is a fundamental attribution error (FAE). On the other hand, if a person experiences failure, he or she is inclined to align it with circumstances. If a person succeeds, he or she tends to consider it as a merit of his or her personality. This is the motivational error of attribution. Bandura pays attention to the fact that people can also learn in the absence of external reinforcement yet as a result of observation, reading, or receiving information about the behavior of other people (the cognitive component) (Funder, 2014). As noted by Clinkenbeard (2012), the fundamental attribution theory assumes that “people judge situations through making attri
The film Citizen Kane (1941) is regarded as the best movie of our times. The creators of this movie used very innovative techniques for that time. First of all, the narrative technique of the film was very innovative: the whole film is made by a number of flashbacks as if it was made by the short newsreels. The movie begins with the death of the main character, and then the audience is shown the retrospective of his life, from his childhood up to his last days. This not-linear structure makes the audience more attentive and interested in events because it is like a puzzle, which is gathered together in a single and complex picture. The audience is not just listening or watching a life story. They are getting to know interesting and the most memorable moments of the main hero’s life. One of the interesting techniques here is that in the very beginning of the movie, the reporter has an aim: to find out what the last word of this man means. And at the end of the film, we understand the meaning and guess a riddle. Speaking about the filmmaking techniques, there are two of them, the most impressive. First of all, it is the use of the so-called low-angle shots when the ceiling appears in the shot. It was quite unexpected for me because I can’t remember a lot of examples of such a thing. The other technique that impressed me is the use of so-called “deep focus,” when everything, the foreground, and background, is equally seen, i.e., in a sharp focus. I didn’t notice it at once; I can’t actually remember the precise episode when I became aware of the fact that everything is seen untypically well. And it is very interesting, for we are used to the foreground in the sharp focus and background is uncertain, or vice versa; and in this film, we see all the details distinctly. Another
Non-enzymic browning The development of color and aroma was due to the formation of new compounds. A chemical reaction (Maillard reaction) took place between the carbonyl group of glucose and the amino group of the amino acids (1). As sucrose does not contain a free carbonyl group, the Maillard reaction did not take place, and no significant change was observed in the appearance and odor of the mixture. However, when sucrose is hydrolyzed, fructose and glucose are obtained. These in turn react with amino acids and proteins to give colored products. When the concentration of glucose was high, the color and odor of the reaction mixture were darker and more intense, respectively, due to a larger amount of products formed. Glycine, leucine, and methionine formed different products that obviously had different colors and aromas. This is how food technologists develop a combination of aromas and color for the food industry. Effect of processing, packaging and storage on chocolate Due to a sugar re-crystallisation process, the appearance and physical property of the chocolate was slightly altered. The packaging prevented the chocolate from getting in direct contact with humidity. However, when the unwrapped chocolate was exposed to a humid environment, it absorbed water, and some sugar molecules got dissolved in the water. Upon the evaporation of the absorbed water at a lower humidity level, the sugar molecules formed larger crystals and left a dusty rough layer. Making sweets The table below gives a list of products that can be made at the indicated temperatures (2). Temperature (°C)  Class        Confectionery products        106               Crystalline  syrup                         110               Crystalline  syrup, delicate sugar candies 113