ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Name of the Information System Creating a data set that allows for access to the essential information about airlines is crucial as it will help increase the rates of customer satisfaction, provide passengers with more opportunities, and define the key companies in the designated market (Stair & Reynolds, 2015). Herein lies the necessity to introduce an information system incorporating a range of characteristics of airlines. The name of the IS in question, therefore, is “Airlines: Everything a User Needs to Know.” General Purpose of the Information System The purpose of the IS is to shed light on the target market and show what the company can be deemed as the most credible. There are several data sets that help identify the current leaders in the airline business based on several parameters. However, these lists are typically aimed at identifying the economic aspects of the firms. The lack of focus on the data that a customer needs to choose the appropriate company, therefore, has prompted the creation of the IS. Information System Components Hardware To run the IS in question, one will have to use the hardware similar to the one required for MS Office 2013: Computer and processor   * 1 gigahertz (GHz) or faster x86- or x64-bit processor with SSE2 instruction set   * Memory (RAM);   * 1 gigabyte (GB) RAM (32-bit); 2 gigabytes (GB) RAM (64-bit);   * Hard Disk:   * 3.0 gigabytes (GB) available; Display Graphics hardware acceleration requires a DirectX10 gr
Introduction It is paramount for entrepreneurs to develop an effective business plan prior to venturing into any project. According to Zacharakis, Spenelli, and Timmons (2011, p.4), business planning safeguards entrepreneurs from incurring losses that might be associated with a particular project. This arises from the fact that the business plan enables entrepreneurs to anticipate the obstacles that he or she might face upon launching the business. A business plan articulates how a business idea will be exploited. This means that it serves as a roadmap that outlines how the entrepreneur intends to accomplish a particular business idea within a specific timeframe (Zacharakis, Spenelli & Timmons, 2011, p.4). The business plan is composed of various elements, such as evaluation of the feasibility of the business idea. A well-developed business plan can enable an entrepreneur to source funds externally, such as loans from financial institutions. In developing the business plan, entrepreneurs should focus on the long term rather than in the short term. Idea generation During the business planning process, idea generation forms the first step. According to Weiss and Legrand (2011, p.125), idea generation entails a thorough process which may involve combining unconnected or existing facts so as to develop a solution to a particular problem or to exploit an opportunity. For entrepreneurs to be effective in generating business ideas, it is paramount that they adopt an innovative thinking process. An example of an innovative thinking process that entrepreneurs can adopt is illustrated below. Figure 1. Source: (Weiss & Legrand, 2011, p.125). An idea may be generated from the external business environment. This may entail the identification of a need within a market or a gap that has not been exploited by other firms in the market. This means that the entrepreneur is required to conduct a thorough environmental scan (Kuratko, 2008, p. 128). Alternatively, the entrepreneur may generate a business idea through brainstorming. Weiss and Legrand (2011, p.126) assert that idea generation is a group activity. Generating ideas through brainstorming in a group is very effective. This arises from the fact that brainstorming encourages lateral thinking. Additionally, the group members have diverse knowledge and experience compared to an individual (Weiss & Legrand, 2011, p. 125). An entrepreneur can also generate ideas individually based on his or her skills and experience. To achieve this, the entrepreneur must be very creative. The diagram below illustrates a creative problem-solving process. Figure 2. Creative problem-solving process. Source 🙁 Arnold, 2010, para. 4) After successful generation of ideas, entrepreneurs should screen them so as to dete
Introduction Directorial behaviour is the study that investigates the blow on persons and groups behaviour in companies undergoing change. This is very important because the resulting knowledge is used to improve the effectiveness of an organization during change (Martin, 2010). Organizational change on the other hand, is the modification in the ranks in an organization. Change is inevitable since organizations operate on open systems which interacting with the dynamic external environment. In the following paragraphs, the themes and statements in the “Eight Stages” in Kotter’s book “Leading Change” will be compared and contrasted with specific concepts discussed in the Ivancevich textbook. Stage 1: Establishing a Sense of Urgency Kotter speculates that for change to occur, 76% of a company’s population needs to embrace change for it to happen. If the whole company is convinced about the need for change, the easier it will be to implement it (Kotter, 1996). One way of creating a sense of agency, is having an honest and convincing dialogues; especially on the market trends and competition activities. The big idea here is that if many employees are involved in the change, the urgency to implement will be fuelled by the employees themselves. Likewise, Ivancevich points out that motivating the employees is important to initiate change. This is because if some employees are motivated, they are bound to motivate their mates (Ivancevich, 2010). When employees talk about the impending change, they will be actually be promoting it. A proper channel should be chosen for communicating matters related to the impending change. This will make sure that all aspects of the change are understood and avoid the spread of wrong information in form of rumours. Wrong information has the potential of creating unrest and this should be avoided. Step Two: Unite a Powerful alliance In order to convince employees that change is crucial, a
Introduction Most of the successful companies have unique strategies to motivate and empower their employees. According to Caulton (2012), a company should establish the best relationship with its stakeholders and employees. Every motivated employee is an asset in an organization. Some of the factors affecting employees’ satisfaction and performance include “the leadership style, workplace, and availability of resources and remunerations” (Caulton, 2012, p. 5). Organizational leaders should also promote their employees’ motivations. This approach will ensure the company is successful. Every motivated employee tackles every challenge in order to achieve the targeted goals. This discussion explains the effects of motivation and job satisfaction on work performance. Motivation, Work Performance, and Job Satisfaction The terms motivation, job satisfaction, and performance are critical in every business organization. Business organizations should increase the level of motivation in order to mentor their employees. Motivation also results in job satisfaction and fulfillment. A satisfied employee will improve his or her work performance. Motivation in an organization determines the level of job satisfaction (Baack, 1999). This will help the business realize its goals and objectives. I have worked in different companies. My experience explains why the relationship between job satisfaction and performance is a priority in every business organization. The leadership style, work environment, job design, motivational strategies, and resources affect the level of performance. This determines the employees’ job satisfaction and performance. I have experienced various motivational problems in my life as an employee. The first motivational problem began when a new chief executive officer (CEO) took office. The CEO did not communicate effectively to the employees. The manager introduced sudden changes without discussing with the employees. The CEO changed the existing organizational culture by creating new departments and work practices. The HR department was no longer willing to address the issues affecting the employees. The new leader also slashed the employees’ salaries without giving explanations. The CEO fired every employee who presented their complaints about the issues affecting them. The situation worsened because the performance began to dwindle. This behavior explains why the rate of employee turnover will always increase before (Vries, Bakker-Pieper & Oostenveld, 2010). This explanation shows how the new CEO destroyed the organizational culture. The new leader discouraged some of the best practices and strategies existing in the organization. The employees lacked any avenue to have their issues and problems addressed. T
Zhang Yimou’s ode to life, Red Sorghum (1987), is one of the fascinating stories which acquired world recognition. Yimou managed to create a great cinematographic ‘painting’ where light, shadow, and color tessellate into a majestic mosaic. Frame 3a is a great illustration of the picturesque world created by Yimou. This frame shows the way color and light may tell a story of life. The director employs a number of tools to tell his story. For example, he makes use of aerial perspective in the frame in question. This tool helps the director to create a very specific atmosphere. The protagonist is central to the scene as well as to the entire story. Aerial perspective poses the necessary focus on the protagonist. The main character, Jiu’er, addresses the distiller workers to inspire them to continue working. The perspective used helps the director to show the way the workers look at Jiu’er. She becomes the center of the universe for them for a certain period of time. Yimou was fascinated by light, and he claimed that western painting was a great example of this art form as it was full of light (Zhen 48). Thus, the frame is also full of light. Notably, the director also uses a close-up to focus on the protagonist and her inflaming speech. This frame is made up of light as Jiu’er’s face is enlightened by natural light as well as by her inspiring speech. It is also important to note that a straight angle is used to focus on the protagonist and to show that she is talking with her workers, and they are all equal. The director also uses frontal lighting to make it clear who the most important character in the scene is. There is no obscurity, and this adds to the creation of an atmosphere of trust and cordial warmth. It is important to note that color also contributes greatly to the creation of the meaning in the frame. The director was fascinated by western painting due to its colorfulness (Zhang 308). The frame is also colorful. Pink, white, and red dominate in this frame. Yimou often employed contrast in his works (Rayns 14). This contrast is revealed in the frame as the white is contrasted to the red. The protagonist is literally lit with natural light, but red is seen in the background. This color plays a central role. Red is one of the major colors of the film, and it is a symbol of liquor, passion, blood, life, and death. Notably, the director is famous for the density of his films as they are full of color (Zhang 308). In conclusion, it is necessary to note that frame 3a is exemplary in terms of Yimou’s unique style and his techniques. The use of light, shadow, and color helps the director to tell his ode to life. The director manages to create a colorful world where light and color are essential. These tools intensify the cast’s performance. It is also remarkable that light and color (as well as shadow) are an integral part of the story. It is simply impossible to imagine the story of Jiu’er without the colorful and sometimes obscure sett
Abstract Dementia in the elderly population is the problem addressed in this study. The necessity of finding effective methods to improve the quality of their life has been explained. This researcher has discovered that some amount of work has been done in this field. His search for literature unearthed many interesting pieces which he has highlighted in the review. The material for the literature review was done by accessing 2 online libraries and extracting papers on researches conducted by exalted personalities from the associated professions including nursing. Material has been gathered from various peer-reviewed journals like the Clinical Effectiveness in Nursing, Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, The Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy, Aging, and Mental Health, Journal of Advanced Nursing, The Gerontologist, Journal of Clinical Nursing, International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Public Health Nursing. The matter has been especially accessed from more recent journals from 2000 to 2007. This researcher has adopted reminiscence therapy for the research after looking through the literature. Though it has been extolled by many as a good therapy intervention, much more research is required to finally prove it. Introduction The elderly population which is increasing rapidly due to the rise in longevity is a group that requires plenty of attention by way of therapy and interventions for their several problems of health and disability. This is recognized as a global health problem. Inadequacies intending to the geriatric group and in affording them a life of quality have been pricking the conscience of many in social, political, and medical circles. Efforts are on to obtain answers to many of the geriatric problems through widespread globally-oriented researches. Dementia happens to be just one of the many problems identified. It can be predicted to become a major problem in the near future. There are not enough carers for the disabled and demented. Time has come for the institution of effective therapies of psychosocial origin as the pharmacolog
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is the term used to identify a segment of a massive worldwide mountain range that passes through the center of the earth’s oceans like the seams on a baseball. These mid-ocean ridges mark the line of demarcation between the various tectonic plates that comprise the surface of the earth. In the case of the Mid-Atlantic ridge, the plates in question include the Eurasian plate and the African plate to one side (north to south) and the North American plate and South American plate on the other (again north to south). The Mid-Atlantic Ridge, as the name implies, runs through the relative center of the Atlantic Ocean. Beginning at the island of Iceland, the ridge makes a jagged geologic line through the Atlantic Ocean south until it rounds the south end of Africa. “The highest peaks of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge average more than 3000 m (9800 ft) above the ocean floor and, in some cases, exceed 4000 m (13,000 ft)” (Weihaupt, 1979: 78). Beginning with Plato and the legend of Atlantis to the relatively recent discovery of the black smokers and the fascinating creatures that live there, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge has been an object of interest and conjecture throughout the known history of man. The first person to suggest the idea of a Mid-Atlantic Ridge was not a sailor himself nor did he have any true scientific evidence that such a thing might exist. Instead, Plato was relating a piece of family legend in a book intended to explore the origins of various people and a means of describing the downfall of a perfect society. In 355 BC, Plato took on the character of Kritias and described the existence once of a city now (meaning in 355 BC) lost forever beneath the waves of the Atlantic in his book Timeaus. According to Plato’s character, “the capital city of Atlantis was a marvel of architecture and engineering. The city was composed of a series of concentric walls and canals. At the very center was a hill, and on top of the hill a temple to Poseidon. Inside was a gold statue of the God of the Sea showing him driving six winged horses” (Krystek 2006). However, the people eventually became corrupt and greedy and the gods decided to destroy it forever, not only by destroying the city itself, but also destroying any chance that its marvels could be duplicated. This was accomplished 9000 years before Plato’s time, by sinking the island to the bottom of the sea. The significant element of the legend is the location Plato assigned it, right at about the location of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Because of this, many have pointed to the Azores Islands, the tallest peaks along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, as the last remnants of a lost continent or large island. While this conjecture continues to gather scholarship even into the present day, new and equally fascinating information has been discovered about the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, including its very existence. “The longest single topographic feature of the earth’s solid surface was not known until the present century” (Weintraub, 1979: 77). One of the more troubling phenomena regarding thi
Vision sustainability in an educational environment is of utmost importance for the purposes of meeting the current challenges. Multiple techniques and methods could be employed to help the staff and faculty sustain the vision. Therefore, the working process is subject to certain transformations, which are based on a reevaluation of existing methods and approaches (Blewitt & Cullingford, 2013, p. 60). One of the critical aspects, which might help the staff and faculty sustain the vision, is a clear organizational structure. It is necessary to set specific goals, which would be comprehensible and justifiable. The objectives must be defined in a transparent way, with consistency and accountability determined as the primary qualities contributing to the implementation plan. The management of the institution must display the necessary characteristics it wants the staff to develop, as it would show its commitment to the issue, thereby providing motivation for the faculty members. By employing the methods mentioned above, it is possible to create a sense of a common purpose, crucial for sustaining a cultural vision at an educational institution (Northeast and Islands Regional Educational Laboratory, 2000, p. 11). The objectives determined by the management should be conveyed in a transparent way, explored from various angles so that the common purpose is communicated on a daily basis. This approach contributes to the development of a productive working environment, where the support and respect among staff members is a defining characteristic (Bolam et al., 2005, p. 5). Another essential approach includes altering the very understanding of the staff’s purpose. In certain cases, it may prove useful to modify the staff’s vision of the teaching process (Frenk, Hunter, & Lapp, 2015, p. 110). Rather than a limited activity, it should be viewed as an ongoing process, where the professor plays the role of a student’s guide. This approach leads to the reassessment of the staff’s purpose, as well as to a more comprehensive understanding of the cultural vision. It involves seeing the learning process as the foundation for the students’ further activities and estimating the impact, which the education will have on their future (Ferguson, Phillips, Rowley, & Friedlander, 2015, p. 1). The mentioned methods contribute to developing and sustaining the particular vision of an educational institution on various levels of involvement. The methods described provide a basis for introducing, developing, and sustaining the vision in an educational setting. Setting clear expectations and objectives, as well as communicating them on every level of the working process is an efficient approach towards establishing and sustaining the cultural vision of an institution. The criteria of selection of human resources provide an opportunity to engage professionals that display the necessary characteristics. Finally, the method of rewarding the behavior, which embodies the cultural vision, might prove highly effective rega
Marijuana is a drug obtained from a plant called cannabis sativa. Another name for cannabis sativa is hemp. The plant was grown in the United States of America for agricultural purposes during the colonial period up to the beginning of the 20 th century. It was used in the manufacture of birdseed, clothes, lacquer and ropes. Marijuana is the most commonly abused drug among the youths in the United States and other countries in the world, as well (Iversen, 2001). Once I get to know that my teenage child smokes marijuana, I will advise him/her on the merits of using the drug as well as the dangers associated with it for his/her life. The teenager may be smoking because of pressure exerted to them by their sisters, brothers or friends around them or because they see older people smoking. The media encourages teenagers to use marijuana. Characters in various television programs like movies smoke marijuana openly, contributing to the fact that the youth, spending most of their time in front of TVs, regards it as a normal issue. Its use is seen as a way of relieving stress and, therefore, a gateway to escaping problems arising at schools, in families and the way to solve conflicts with friends. Out of curiosity, many teenagers are tempted to smoke to know how it feels to be under the influence of drugs. Whatever the reasons, my child will have behind marijuana use, I will advise him/her to avoid it completely because of the following five reasons (Joy, 1999). Use of marijuana has been banned not only in the United States of America where its use originated but also in most other countries. This is mainly because of the effects it has been found to have on its users and the society in general. According to Iversen (2001), the use of marijuana is a health hazard. Once smoked, marijuana is absorbed in the blood stream. It lowers the pressure of the blood and at the same time, it increases the rate at which the heart beats. Pulse rate may go up to 20 to 50 times beyond the normal rate or even more if it is used in combination with other drugs. Researchers have found that low blood pressure and high pulse rate puts marijuana users at a greater risk of heart attack, which is likely to take place within the first hour of smoking than normal people. There are high chances of conducting chest illnesses like heavy coughing and lung infections. Its users may develop a stinging mouth. Studies have also shown that tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) compound contained in the drug lowers down t