ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Summary of Hidden Figures Events depicted in the movie Hidden Figures (2016, directed by Theodore Melfi) are set in the time when the United States competed with Russia to put a man in space. When working on this task, NASA unexpectedly found talented scientists among the group of African-American women-mathematicians who helped the entire organization succeed in reaching its goals. The movie follows the real-life stories of three brilliant and talented women, Katherine Goble, Mary Jackson, and Dorothy Vaughan. Because of her skills in analytic geometry, Katherine was assigned to assist the Space Task Group under the supervision of Al Harrison; the woman immediately felt the pressure of her predominantly male white colleagues to perform her tasks quickly and efficiently without attracting too much attention to her persona. Katherine was the first black woman that worked on the team of male engineers in the environment that was quite dismissive of African-American women. Meanwhile, Dorothy was informed that she was not going to get a raise due to her being a representative of the colored group. Mary was able to brilliantly identify a problem in an experimental capsule’s heat shields. During their work, women had to deal with numerous instances of unfair treatment towards female employees of color, which can be considered the key theme of the movie. Despite this, Katherine managed to get along with her colleagues, who ultimately recognized and praised her for the contributed. Mary convinced the court to allow her to pursue a degree in engineering while Dorothy became a supervisor of the Programming Department. The movie’s epilogue revealed that Katherine Goble was the one who calculated Apollo 11 and Space Shuttle trajectories and later awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2015, the same year when NASA called the Computational Building at the Langley Research Center in honor of Katherine Johnson. Analysis: Intersectionality of Race and Gender The literary element of Hidden Figures’ analysis will be focused on the specific theme: the intersectionality of race and gender. The three women depicted in the movie broke racial and gender barriers to meet their professional and personal goals (“Hidden Figures – At the Intersection of Race, Gender and Technology”). In the movie, racial barriers were more evident, like, for example, in the scene with segregated bathrooms. When assigned to help with calculations on the launch of Space Task Group, Katherine had to work on the east campus (Silman). There was a scene when she asked her only female (and white) colleague where the restroom was. The woman repli
Introduction My love for anything photographic, along with my great passion to enjoy natural scenery through photography, informed my decision to enroll in this course. These qualities were formed during my childhood when I used to sneak into my parents’ bedroom and “steal” their Olympus 35MM camera for a few moments of pleasure. Upon reflection, I can boldly say that the shots I took with the old camera left a deep desire in me to pursue a course in photography once an opportunity presented itself. By sheer luck, the opportunity came knocking when I learned from the college website that it offers customized short courses in photography. This is the story of “how” I enrolled in the photography course. As to “why” I enrolled, it is plausible to mention that I wanted to develop and nurture professional skills in photography. Upon reflecting on all the pictures I took in my childhood, along with other captivating pictures I see daily in newspapers, magazines, and other forms of media, I have come to realize that photography is not just about taking photographs. Indeed, photographs should not only be able to communicate stories and ideas to the audience, but also elicit emotions and catapult the audience into acting in a particular manner. This is all that professionalism in photography is all about. Undeniably, therefore, I enrolled in the course to attain professional status and also be able to use imagery to communicate ideas and concepts to the audience. Photographers Olive Cotton Regarded as one of the greatest photographers the world has ever known and also one of the pioneers of Australian modernist photography, Olive Cotton (1911-2003) brought into the fore unique photographic works that underlined the gentleness and tranquillity of objects in the environment, rather than the boldness and dramatic compositions that were characteristic of other modernist photographers. In a career spanning over six decades, Olive utilized unique skills to bring her message to the audience, such as excellent utilization of light and form, critically devoted observation skills as well as unbiased treatment of subject matter (Australian Government 2008). Most of Cotton’s photographs were devoted to the exploration of the serenity and beauty in the natural world, as can be seen in the photographs below. The photograph on the left was taken in 1937 to demonstrate the natural beauty of Shasta daisies in the Australian landscape, while the photograph on the right was taken in 1955 to show how the Agapanthus trees changed the environment. It is important to note that “Cotton’s work was included in various exhibitions during the 1930s but her first solo exhibition was not until 1985” (Australian Government 2008, para. 5). Some of her most famous photog
Introduction The film the Kingdom of Heaven tried to show the events with historical accuracy. For instance, while telling a story about the Hattin battle, which is widely regarded as a one-sided battle, the movie also shows a hero in Balian who helped bring the two parties to an agreement. The historical, contextual, and significant events like the Hattin struggle are depicted justly (Al-Khalili 119). The film explains well Jerusalem’s fall and does not hide anything about the warfare that happened at that time. Main body In addition, the film presents a realistic portrayal of Saladin, who was a mighty Muslim leader during this period. Despite all the depictions that were true in actual life, there are occurrences like Balian inheriting his father’s position among the Crusaders and a fictional castle that makes the story compelling. The film is an excellent vehicle for interpreting the events of history between the two most dominant religions at that time. This work explores how the film achieved historical accuracy by accurately depicting the relationship between Christians and Muslims in the past. The director of the movie followed Jerusalem’s fall closely in the film. The Christian soldiers and knights responsible for building the kingdom had vowed to capture back holy sites in Jerusalem or the sacred land, which refers to modern-day Israel. The kingdom had experienced continued attacks from the Muslims as well as Arabs (Akmal 338). The city of Jerusalem is of equal importanc
As statistics by the U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration show, workplace substance abuse is one of the primary problems that has greatly affected the productivity and spending of most organizations. Of the estimated more than 17.2 million substance abusers in 2005, more than 74.8 % were individuals belonging to the working class, a figure that keeps on increasing annually. The increasing number of accidents caused by substance abusers has made the scenario worse, because of the nature of monetary losses associated with compensating accident victims, hiring of new employees, and reduction in the general productivity of an organization. As research findings show, almost 20% of workplace accidents are caused by substance abusers, as most substance abusers are more susceptible to occupational injuries. In any working scenario, maintenance of accuracy and alertness is one of the factors that determines the success of any endeavors hence, the necessity of ensuring workplaces are free from substance abuse. Of all the abused drugs in workplaces, alcohol is one of the most common abused substances, because of its legality. Alcohol abuse is one of the most prevalent problem that posses many challenges to the success of most organizations, in the present cooperate world. As research studies show, annually, U.S. organizations loose more than $ 100 billion in form of compensations to alcohol other substance abuse related accident cases hence, leading to increased insurance premiums, and loosing of productive labor. The cost is even worse, when organizations add the costs incurred in diverting of organizational resources to functions that are not beneficial to the wellbeing of an organization. In addition to economic loses, alcohol costs organizations other expenses that are hard to evaluate in monetary terms, for example, reduction in employee’s levels of motivation (U.S. Department of Labor, 2010, p.1). Considering this, it is very crucial for organizations’ management teams to formulate workable methodologies of dealing with the problem, it being the only way of ensuring such organizations remain competent, increase productivity, and protects its workers from effects of substance abuse. Of the approximated 17.2 million working substance abusers, approxim
Tom Chong has two dilemmas that he needs to resolve. One of these issues concerns a discussion with the mayor of Klang related to expansion of Jextra retail stores which are based in Hong Kong. This is because Chong has observed Klang as a potential area for investments. The other issue concerns ArifAlam’s performance. The following provides an elaborate discussion on the role of the codes of conduct of Jextra Retail Stores in the process of resolving the mentioned issues. In the first instance, it is clear that ArifAlam is remarkably successful in procurement. However, his success is behind some suspected uncouth practices that are against the established codes of conduct at Jextra. ArifAlam is perceived to be receiving gifts from suppliers in order to win them. This is against the expectations of the retail store which results in violation of the principle of utmost good faith. It is stipulated in the company’s codes of ethical conduct that issuance of any gifts; entertainment or any other form of benefits should be in line with the company’s policy. Therefore, it can be deduced that in case the move of Arif Alarm to give gifts to the suppliers is not appropriate, then Tom Chong will have an upper hand in winning an investigation over him. Secondly, the mayor wants Tom Chong to provide assistance in the development of a new school in order to allow land zoning to be carried out quickly in Klang. However, he later learns that a sister to the mayor is in the school’s board thus can influence the decision to solicit for help from Jextra Retail Stores in order to construct the new primary school. Chong later found out that there were earlier plans to put up a flyover even before they had shown interest in investing, an act motivated by selfish interests. Under Jextra’s codes of conduct, it is clear that no benefits should be derived by third parties in the course of executing their employment obligations. Therefore, Tom Chong is extremely cautious not to fund the construction of the flyover since the established codes of conduct bar him from such ventures. Conflict of interest is one of the ethical issues raised by the code of conduct of Jextra. Like in many other organizations, associates at Jextra are expected to ensure that they desist from activities that might result in conflict of interest. Since Chong had a clue that Alam and his father in-law had a scheme that was against the interests of Jextra, use of the codes of ethical conduct could warrant demotion of Alam. Moreover, Alam is the category manager of vegetables and fruits. I
Zora Neale Hurston’s short story “The Gilded Six-Bits” begins on a note of innocent childlike happiness. Happiness is depicted as a characteristic of the place—“there was something happy about the place”(1011). The happiness of the house is actually a reflection of the innocent joy of the two childlike adults living in what was then their paradise. The pleasure they both take in their ritual transactions of “joyful mischief”(1011) is quite obvious. A tempter from the city stifles the joy of the couple and it seems as if their Paradise has been irrevocably lost. However, at the end of the story, the husband and the wife seem to at least anticipate a paradise regained—although they are somewhat older, sadder, and wiser than at the beginning. In the innocent beginning, just the sound of the nine dollars thrown on the wooden door by her yet unseen husband makes Missie May “grin…with delight”(1011) anticipating the picking up of the money, the mock fight leading to the emptying of her husband’s pockets to reveal the trinkets and the candy kisses he had bought for her and the subsequent visit to an ice cream parlor or a
Introduction According to the US Bureau of labor statistics, (2004) the employee turnover is simply a fact of life in the business world. The days when employees would stay and grow with a bank for the duration of their working life are gone. Studies reveal that individuals stay with their current employer for a maximum of five years before moving on. While 0% turnover is simply unrealistic, increased turnover in the banks indicates a serious problem in the working environment. According to Ball, (2000) the US bank is one of the biggest financial institutions in the US. In addition to its employee’s competitive salary scale and good incentive avenues, the bank offers a comprehensive and competitive package of benefits to both full-time and part-time employees. Due to these competitive salary scales and other benefits the bank has experienced employee high turnover rates. Main text The US Bureau of labor statistics, (2004) asserted that there are multiple causes behind the problem the US bank is experiencing with a high employee turnover rate. One primary cause of high turnover rates is lack of an adequate hiring process. The current hiring process is focused on filling open positions and not on hiring qualified individuals to replace the vacant positions. While the US bank has standards for hiring new employees, the standards are not high enough to ensure that only qualified candidates obtain the open positions. To make the matter worse the hiring process overlooks the necessity of defining and analyzing candidates’ personalities during the hiring process. The bank cannot control the factors that makeup individuals’ personalities such as hereditary forces, family relationship forces, social class and other group membership forces and cultural forces but it can find candidates whose personalities will better mesh
Albinism is one of the genetic conditions affecting numerous people throughout the world. It is commonly defined as a “rare, non-contagious genetically inherited disorder”, which can occur in various individuals “regardless of ethnicity or gender” (Reimer-Kirkham et al., 2019, p. 748). Diagnosing albinism typically requires a visual examination, upon which such signs as lack of color in the skin, eyelashes, and hair, or abnormalities in the eyes can be observed. To specify the type of albinism, genetic testing might be conducted (Reimer-Kirkham et al., 2019). As this condition is caused by defects in particular genes, genetic testing allows establishing which genes are damaged and how severe the occurrence of albinism is. In the majority of albinos, the lack of melanin leads to such symptoms as the absence of pigmentation in skin and hair. As such, people with albinism usually have very brightly colored skin, translucent irises, and blond or white eyelashes and eyebrows (Liu et al., 2021). Furthermore, the limited production of melanin also results in eye disorders, for example, crossed eyes, sensitivity to light, astigmatism, or involuntary eye movements (Liu et al., 2021). In some cases, the person’s vision might become severely impaired, even leading to blindness. As albinism is inherited genetically, it can only be acquired if an individual’s parents possess malfunctioning genes. For a person to develop this condition, both parents must have albinism or carry the relevant gene (Liu et al., 2021). As a result, this disorder cannot be fully treated, but some methods can alleviate the severity of the symptoms. Although some strategies have shown great promise in eliminating gene malfunctions, their further efficiency for the broad population is yet to be proven (Liu et al., 2021). Therefore, diagnosed individuals primarily rely on sunglasses and sunscreen to protect themselves from the ultraviolet rays and might also receive surgery to reduce involuntary eye movements.
The twenty-two-year-old client has polysubstance use disorder which started back in high school. The client has used multiple drugs that include alcohol, ecstasy, and marijuana, with no preference for one particular substance. The client often reports cases of restlessness, hyperactivity, and in some cases anxiety and uses substances to calm down. Although the client was never diagnosed with any mental disease, it is likely that the client has attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a disorder that is quite common in adolescents and in some cases goes undetected. In addition, ADHD is considered a risk factor for substance abuse in adults (Wilens, 2004, p. 38). The client needs to be examined for ADHD to determine whether it is a primary contributor to his current drug reliance. The patient relied on crank and marijuana to get him to think clearly while conducting multiple tasks at a time. The client tried to stop using substances but found out that it was difficult for him to pay attention in class. This symptom is common in ADHD as the individuals who suffer from ADHD are unable to concentrate on a single task for long. Wolraich (2006) notes that hyperactivity and impulsivity are usually considered primary signs of ADHD and the client experienced both back in high school (p. 87). The client is impulsive and opts to use drugs to calm himself down. Consequently, he may present a threat to himself. If ADHD is confirmed after examination, the treatment should be started immediately. The goal of the treatment is to reduce or eliminate ADHD symptoms and stabilize the substance abuse disorder. Recent studies showed that behavioral therapy and pharmacologic treatment are effective in both managing ADHD and in reducing the risk of substance abuse in patients who suffer from ADHD (Wilens, 2004, p. 38). Therefore, the treatment should involve prescribing the appropriate medication that will lower the level of hyperactivity in the client, enabling him to think clearly and focus without relying on substances. The medication should also lower his level of impulsivity and enable him to focus, work and above all learn which is his ultimate desire once he leaves the facility. Since the client has a history of substance abuse, it is essential to constantly monitor the client to ensure that he doesn’t abuse the medication especially with his history of substance abuse (Verdejo-García et al., 2008, p. 808). If necessary, the clinician can progress to stimulants, which are among the most effective drugs used for individuals with ADHD and could be effective for the client. The stimulant is a viable solution because based on the client’s history of being unable to concentrate
You managed to reveal the concept of a woman’s brave behavior in your post. For example, in the family of Ernest Hemingway, his fourth wife Mary did not dare to leave her husband, and she was with him until his last day of life even though he treated her negatively and beat her. In your letter, you clearly outlined the reasons for the separation and explained why you think your sister is courageous. I do not think that you have managed to reveal the theme of your sister’s bravery and courage. With a diagnosis that warns that complications leading to death are possible, it is impossible to give birth to a child. My colleague received information that she had a particular disease that can be transmitted to a child. Despite this, she decided to give birth to a child, but it was not possible to avoid this disease will not be transferred to him. In your letter, you described the problem, actions, and consequences in detail. I agree that dividing students into groups according to their reading level will help both groups develop. From the point of view of child psychology, this topic can be classified as a difference in children’s speed of mental development. My friend works as a teacher at a school, and they also divide children into more successful ones and give them more complex tasks. In your letter, you did not indicate how you feel about the division of students according to their level of training. I agree with your post because a division of children by reading level is correct. In psychology, there is a classification for children according to their level of development. My colleague had a problem with her parents. They believed that their child was well developed and could be more advanced than he was identified. Based on the conducted testing, she showed that this was not the case, and the parents set themselves the goal of helping the child develop faster. In your post, you did not provide enough information about the methods of dividing students by levels, and also did not indicate your attitude toward this.
Sigmund Freud Freud’s most popular theories are related to the unconscious mind and defense mechanisms. The Id, the Ego, and the Superego are considered to be the levels of consciousness a person’s brain functions on the basis of. According to an Austrian neurologist, the basic motivational energy of human life is considered to be sexual desire. Irrational and self-destructive behaviors are caused by unconscious desires. The role of instincts is superior as compared with external forces, because instincts can energize the mind (Thornton, 2010). Anna Freud The daughter of a well-known neurologist supports most of the ideas developed by her father. However, she recognizes the supremacy of the ego and rejects the extremely important role of unconscious drives. Unlike her father Anna minimizes the import of the Oedipus Complex. She accepts the importance of social and environmental effects on a person’s behavior. The psychiatrist also emphasizes the importance of a variety of defensive mechanisms, which humans seek to escape or reduce anxiety. Karen Horney Karen Horney agrees with some ideas developed by Freud; although she is of the opinion that Freud overestimates the role of the biology. Thus, Karen does not reject the importance of the unconscious mind and sexual desire, but she points out that there are social and cultural conditions, which form personality. Both, Freud and Horney state that the riddle of femininity cannot be revealed. According to Horney, a person’s mental well-being depends upon the styles of social interaction. These involve moving toward people, moving against people, and moving away from people (“Psychoanalytic Social Theory – Karen Horney,” n.d.). Melanie Klein A psychoanalyst highlights the importance of interpersonal relationships. Her comprehension of the Oedipus Complex differs from Freud’s understanding of the issue. Thus, she defines the phenomenon as “a struggle between wishes for opposite-sex parent” (Goodman, n.d.). Furthermore, Melanie mostly stresses the importance of the pre-oedipal period. Klein emphasizes the role of female breasts as opposite to Freud’s penis envy. She does not support Freud’s neglect of mother. A psychoanalyst shares some Freudian viewpoints on unconscious ideas and wishes, and considers them as a starting point of a child’s mental development. Alfred Adler According to Adler, a person’s basic motivation is self-perfection. It is necessary to distinguish between human beings and animals and machines. As far as persons have certain purposes, values, and free will, they cannot be similar to other objects, items, etc. This approach differs from Freud’s opinion. Adler emphasizes the role o