ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Generally, domestic violence is critical global concern. Even though women are the most affected group, this vice causes overwhelming problems to most families and social institution. In some cases, children have also been victimized by domestic violence. Most institutions are faced with serious challenges in responding to this issue within communities. Usually, the impacts of domestic violence can be easily recognized among the victims (Faramarzi, Esmailzadeh, & Mosavi, 2005). This is a considerable provision in the context of family cohesion and viable coexistence. Domestic violence takes place in all ethnic communities, races, ages, and even within different religious groupings. It is not only a social issue but also an economic and health distress. Thus, different communities and institutions (through the help of social institutions) are advancing policies/strategies that will avert the provisions of domestic violence. According to Malik and Lindahl (1998), domestic violence is defined as an array of forced and assaultive actions. It involves physical, sexual, and oral attacks against a partner or a member of the family. In addition, mental as well as financial attacks are also classified as domestic violence. Thus, the vice is not categorically restricted to physical violence. However, it is a persistent and systematic use of manipulation, extortion, fear, and physical harms. The perpetrators apply certain approach or a combination of various methods to impart pressure and dominance over their spouses. However, according to sociologists, proper knowledge of dominance and “power plays” in relationships can help perpetrators to stop domestic violence. This essay seeks to find out how an individual can apply awareness of dominance as well as “power plays” in relations to end domestic violence. How to use the knowledge of dominance and “power plays” in relationships to end domestic violence Domestic violence creates disparities between men and women. In addition, it tries to propagate the relegation of women in the society. To be able to effectively deal with this problem, institutions, and organizations against domestic should first understand its background. Then, they should provide support to the victims by applying both preventive and legal practices. All nations should try as much as possible to fight discrimination against women in every aspect of life, and to offer them assurance of same prospects enjoyed by men. The subject of domestic violence has developed a critical concern within the European countries and beyond. Currently, these nations are undergoing through decisive social-economic reforms. Evidently, loss of employment, part-time jobs, indiscretion in making payments, and social misfits ar
Introduction Architecture can be seen as an art than as any other practical matter. This is because it abridges the meaning of an item and its being through the concepts of historical and current symbolism and realism while bringing out the in-depth socio-cultural aspects of the work. It acts more as an index of the creator’s mind whose interpretation is solely dependent on the viewer. Such elements as smoke signifying presence of fire, clouds meaning rain are all architectural impressions historically and currently used in designs and works of art. The various creations can therefore be considered as symbolic as well as realistic architecture. Elements of Architecture Conveyance of Meaning The function of a work can be revealed to the viewer rather than be inferred through symbolism. This is a case in which something can be said to look like another that is obviously known (Goodman, 1985). For example, a structure can be made to look like a dungeon, a hotel or as a school. It can be said that the structure tends to ‘speak’ to the observer (Valery, 1957). Expression of Meaning In this case a structure reveals a certain mood through its appearance. The expressed qualities can be those of gloom, royalty, lightness or even heaviness. Relational Element The relationship of a structure can also gives its meaning in which case, the surrounding and its relationship with it such as the decoration and its stylistic features gives the functional meaning of the structure and a sense of order as observed by Donougho (1987). Symbolic Element This is the use of
Amazon.com Inc, commonly denoted as (AMZN) is a leading global electronic commercial company and the most visited internet retail shopping destination internationally. The main headquarters of the company is in Seattle, Washington. Commercial icon, Jeff Bezos founded the company in the early 90s as Cadabra and later renamed it as Amazon.com. Amazon sells a variety of products, such as books, video, consumer electronics, music, household products and clothing (Mennen, 2010). The following is a detailed SWOT analysis of the company. Strengths Amazon.com, the U.S. largest internet retailer, commands three times the revenue of its close rival, the Staples Inc. It sells educating and entertaining media products. Amazon has had enormous acquisitions that resulted in the growth and faster delivery of purchased products. In the recent past, Amazon.com boasts on its strategy of rebuilding and investing in Research and Development, establishment of technology and innovative research centers. Seven years ago, it invested $700 million to establish offices for customer services, fulfillment and software development centers majorly in America, Europe and Asia. Moreover, the viewers’ assessments and comments provide feedback for any adjustment aimed at increasing revenue (Bangs, 2002). Weaknesses For the past four years since 2006, Amazon’s profits were negative implying that they are not able to cover operational costs. Outsource delivery firms contribute to low earnings and Amazon Associates, their marketers, receives 40% of revenue for marketing efforts. There have been reports of price bias within the Amazon marketing strategies. For example, DVD prices are different on some buyers. This posed as a competitive and a divisive barrier in on-line trading. In 2008, it received a lot of critics for inhibiting publishers from directly selling at a compromise from their websites. The reason behind was that Amazon does not prioritize on those customers with heavy purchasing power. It has also reduced most of its services to major customers. Recently, it attracted negative publicity due frequent tax avoidance in Britain and U.S. Amazon is also under criticism for poor warehouse environment for staff, price discrimination and anti-competitive actions. Amazon sells products at zero margins to reap the market and do away with the competition. Though it is a tactical strategy in the short term, it reduces the profits in the long run (Madura, 2007). Competitors, on the other hand, will adapt by undertaking a differentiation strategy, thus losing customers. Opportunities There are plenty of opportunities fo
Over the decades, many education experts have explored the impact parental involvement has student achievement, but the conclusions arrived at have often been contradictory and controversial, with a clear lack of understanding of what parental involvement actually means and what it implies in the educational context. Parental involvement largely encompasses a variety of behaviors representative of parents and family members normally channeled towards the betterment of student learning (either in or out of the school context) (Net Industries, 2010, p.1). Nonetheless, parental involvement varies from family to family and student to student, thereby causing variable levels of effectiveness on student development. Considering the ambiguity of parental involvement analysis and the varied levels of effectiveness on student development, it becomes increasingly important to understand the dynamics related to the concept. This study seeks to answer this question by first highlighting the views and definitions of the concept, then later, exploring the variable impacts parental influence has on single-parent families, two-parent families and where parental involvement lacks in totality. Views and Definition of the Concept Over the years, a majority of research studies done to evaluate the impact parental involvement has on student outcomes have consistently shown a positive relationship between the two (Chen, 2010, p. 1). These studies have been undertaken with specific parameters such as school drop out and truancy rates in mind because they constitute some of the most notable effects of a lack of parental involvement in student achievement (Congress, 2010, p. 17154). These factors withstanding, many researchers have now shifted their focus to probe the underlying factors prompting parents to be concerned with their children’s development and why others don’t bother at all (Net Industries, 2010, p.2). The emphasis has also shifted to the outcome of these two scenarios as well as the kind of parental involvement applied to childhood development; considering many children hail from various types of families (including single-parent families, intact families and the likes). Comprehensively, three frameworks have been identified as the precursors and effects to these types of variables and each framework has been widely used to highlight the different aspects of the dynamics existing when parental involvement is undertaken in and out of the school context (Tutwiler, 2005, p. 109). Researchers such as Wendy S. Grolnick (and her partners) (cited in Net Industries, 2010, p.2), in articles published from 1994 -1997 came up with three dimensions encompassing parental involvement and their effects on children
Introduction Driving is a life skill that every person should acquire. Proper driving reflects on the overall approach to life. Driving is a fundamental aspect of life; it influences the overall behavior of the person. Learning car control techniques and tips apply to how an individual can have a broad outlook on life. Driving encompasses lessons which one has to learn, to drive safely (Green Life). It is important to acknowledge that driving is a skill that once you have acquired, you will use it for the rest of your life. Therefore, it is crucial to choose the right instructor and allow sufficient time to take the instructor‘s advice. Traffic offenses’ amount not only to the violation of traffic laws, but also a violation to other people’s rights and when an individual drives carefully it means being a law-abiding citizen and shows his or her belief to protect lives (Crabtree). In driving a personal car, it is less stressful and comfortable as it avoids synchronization of the various means of public transport. To overcome the obstacle of reckless driving, other aspects of life have to be attained and taught as well, which has a positive effect to not only the person but the entire community in general. Careful driving enables individuals to exercise their rights and become role models in society. Private driving is convenient for; it is not organized on predetermined programs. Parents also use the time they take in a while driving to connect with their children due to their busy schedules (Ellaway et al.). Given these key factors, it is clear that driving a personal car is beneficial compared to public transport. Discussion Flexibility and Convenience Driving a personal car is convenient and flexible for the user. It reduces the use of public transport systems, which is designed to work according to schedules or timetables. Sometimes, these plans can be canceled or be delayed, thereby distracting prior arranged activities of a person. Similarly, it saves time that could have been spent walking to the bus stop or train station or waiting at bus stops. With new residential areas and employment opportunities emerging away from the major cities, most people have resorted to driving because public systems do not extend beyond defined city boundaries (Crabtree). Additionally, workers who may be required to work late hours to meet deadlines can only do so if they can drive themselves around. Eases the Demand for Coordination Personal driving eases the effort of planning how to move from one destination to another, especially if there is heavy luggage to be transported. When driving public vehicles, a lot of coordination and planning is mandatory if a person is required to use mo
A collaborative learning approach combines both inquiry-based and learner-centered initiatives. Educators embracing this theory place students in groups and guide them to solve problems. Lecturers can also use teacher-centered methods to address learners’ needs. The first part is a syllabus for a continuing education course for expatriate nurses based on the collaborative learning model. A detailed discussion to support this relationship is also presented. The second part provides an educational program for CAPD home maintenance. Continuing Education Course Syllabus: The Future of Nursing Practice Vision, Mission, and Goals Vision Leadership, professionalism, and excellence in nursing Mission To empower expatriate nurses by equipping them with futuristic concepts and ideas that can guide them to meet the changing needs of many patients from different religious, cultural, ethnic, and regional backgrounds. Goals   * To introduce expatriate nurses to emerging concepts and ideas in nursing practice (Hooper, 2016).   * To encourage the idea of continuous learning among expatriate nurses.   * To improve nurses’ competencies in research, health education, and care delivery.   * To create awareness and promote desirable principles for meeting emerging patients’ needs.   * To empower expatriate nurses and guide them to become pioneers in the field of nursing. Ethical Principles These are the targeted ethical principles for this course:   * Nurses should respect each other.   * Nurses should focus on the course’s objectives and goals.   * Nurses should promote altruism, justice, empathy, and nonmaleficence.   * Nurses should put patients’ health needs first. Topics and Programs Program Day 1 Topic: Professional Nursing. Objectives Discuss nursing as a science and an art Describe emerging trends in this field Explore the role of nursing education Analyze the contributions of theory to nursing practice Content Aspects of professional nursing Scope of practice Ethics and principles of nursing Required Activities Form groups of 4-5 members Discuss the identified objectives and make notes Complete group exercises and assignments Program Day 2 Topic: Emerging Trends in Nursing. Objectives Analyse and discuss emerging issues in nursing Describe the potential future of nursing Analyze possible developments and ideas that might transform nursing practice in the future (Bastable, 2003). Content The importance of cultural competence Lifelong learning Nursing theorists and theories Required Activities Engage in group activities Work together to achieve the outlined objectives Attend a lecture for one hour Engage in class discussions Complete assigned group assignment Program Day 3 Topic: Critical Thinking. Content Critical thinking skills Attitudes for critical thinking: confidence, integrity, intellectual humility, fair-mindedness, curiosity, and independence of thought Strategies for developing proper critical thinking concepts Objectives Discuss and analyze the required attitudes and skills of critical thinking Analyze the relationship between critical thinking and problem-solving (Hooper, 2016). Required Activities Groups to define and
Diversity in management means having a character of acceptance and a sense of respect for others. A manager who has such a character can understand that people are unique and can recognize their individual differences. This enables the manager to deal with employees and clients who belong to different sexual orientations, races, and gender, and even ethnicity. He can handle employees and clients of different economic statuses, religions, ages, different political divides, and even those with different physical abilities. Such a manager can explore all these differences in a safe and nurturing environment. a manager who is under the influence of diversity understands every stakeholder and moves beyond tolerance that many people would expect and embrace rich dimensions contained in each individual. (Gentle, 1998 pp29-31) The common challenge to all the managers is to see that diversity is maximized in every workforce. This offers the managers a greater opportunity and a wide choice of ideas and better solutions. A manager who embraces diversity first becomes the role model and also welcomes representatives from other levels of the organization. He or she supports such representatives by organizing training programs to instill a diverse culture in every employee. The manager requires assessing past practices and determining their present value or liability before building the culture of diversity in his or her organization. In this way, the manager affirms those practices that contribute to business objectives positively and identifies those barriers compromising performance in the organization. Sense of diversity helps the manager to integrate its value in all leadership aspects and training programs of employees without segregating that value to only some special programs. The manager requires doing this with caution especially when determining exercises to be undertaken during training because research has shown that, some exercises used in past have caused stress instead of being appreciated and learning taking place. (Lawson, 2001 pp43-44) (Lawson, 2001 pp40-42) argues that, Diversity is fairly challenging to most managers, the managers must incorporate external resources to assist them in understanding its influence on the goals of the business. Such external resources help the managers to determine their strategies and goals in coming up with their own diversity. It is therefore recommended with emphasis that external instructors for such training be experienced before conducting any diversity program. The initiative has to communicate to the managers about their roles and must assist them to tap various benefits of his diverse workforce as well as his customer base.
Abstract Traffic has been experiencing a major boom in the recent past. This is because as economies progress, more and more people become rich and wealthy. Therefore as the populations make more wealth, they are able to buy luxurious goods and services. Automobiles are an example of the luxuries accompanied by wealth accumulation. Traffic irregularities have been on the rise especially in developing countries. This is partly because systems and policies have not been able to accommodate the increase. The number of accidents and traffic jams recorded in developing countries exceed by far those recorded in the Western world which is considered to have developed (Chitere, P & Kibua, T 2004).. This reports studies the characteristics measures and methods that can be put in place so that these situations are minimized. The report involves considerations based on past studies which reveal certain characteristics of intersections. Roundabouts and signalized intersections are studied according to particular parameters. The results are tabulated and used to infer particular phenomena. The report mainly analyses roads in the developed world. It tries to study how two-way intersections vary in particular attributes when compared with roundabouts. Safety is a major factor which must be considered in the transport sectors. In many countries, departments dealing with transport have been able to come up with policies which aim at ensuring safety of motorists, pedestrians and bicyclists. That is why major intersections which are signalized are being quickly transformed to roundabouts (Welter, 2010). Acknowledgement I would like to acknowledge Professor (insert name) for her guidance and support throughout the preparation of this technical paper. I would also like to thank (insert name) who provided the resources to assist me with data gathering. Introduction The world has been experiencing an increased rate of motor vehicle manufacturing in the last few decades. Countries which manufacture motor vehicles have been increasing their sales. On the other hand, countries that do not manufacture machinery have experienced a high demand of the same. Thus, due to the increase in output of automobiles, traffic has been experiencing an increasing trend. All large cities in the world have been experiencing traffic jams. The situation may arise due to an accident involving aut
Technology influenced the process of study drastically, particularly in the medical field. Students now have an opportunity to access a more significant amount of information and research than ever, which can be extremely valuable for the educational process. Technology provides learners with VR and AR simulations that help practice real-life situations without performing on alive people (Staff, 2020). This is an excellent opportunity for students to practice hands-on-skill competencies with zero risk of harming the patient. Due to the realistic visualization, students can improve and deepen their knowledge in a shorter period. Another positive change in the learning environment is the learner’s ability to have more control over the study process. Implementation of computer-assisted learning in educational institutions, according to the Staff (2020), “helps their students develop a more nuanced understanding of healthcare topics, medical procedures, and more.” Textbooks and video materials are fundamental sources for studying, but with advanced technologies, students can try different formats that are more comfortable and efficient. Innovative technology, in addition, let the students emphasize more on practice. In the medical sphere, practice is as important as theory, for the health and lives of people strongly depend on the skill of the medical worker. Robotics serves as a great practice tool that can recreate different professional scenarios (Staff, 2020). The most significant advantage is that students can repeat it as much as possible and train different methods and approaches for their study. However, along with all the benefits of technology, there are some challenges in the study process. One of the most significant issues is that all the necessary equipment is high-costly. Not all educational institutions can afford to buy new pieces of technology. Therefore, some students cannot access the innovative tools, but those who have can face the problem of simplification. Despite all the opportunities for study and practice, technologies at the same time can deprive the student of the problems and tasks that they should overcome and deal with themselves. Without the proper control, technological devices might not also help but cause damage simultaneously. Reference Staff, E. (2020). How Technology is Changing Healthcare Education. Edumed. Web.