ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The debate regarding the sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) has drawn the attention of many financial regulators. Sovereign wealth funds are governments’ acquisitions of financial assets located across the world. The returns from the assets are usually more than the returns earned in markets free of risk. In the contemporary world, the popularity of sovereign funds have grown exponentially with their net worth estimated to be more than three trillion dollars. Besides, it is important to recognize that SWFs constituted high percentage of all mergers and acquisitions witnessed at the onset of 2008. They also contribute hugely to the money injected in foreign assets. The size of the funds has increased tremendously as countries seek to increase the returns from such funds. In fact, they are growing at a rate of approximately 24% annually. Although the idea of SWFs is not entirely new, their growth has sparked concerns especially among politicians and financial analysts at the helm of international financial markets. The rationale is increased lack of transparency in these funds. While politicians are using the funds to change macroeconomic perspectives of their respective countries, regulators highlight the increased need for accountability. As such, the article tends to explore the validity of the concerns raised in the context of sovereign wealth funds. There are two explicit ways in which governments are increasing returns from sovereign wealth funds. First, it happens through exportation of commodities. Countries engaging in exportation of commodities are willing to invest in SWFs owing to their increased need to cushion their markets from fluctuation. These fluctuations occur during booms and downfall of markets. As such, financial analysts have found out that the likelihood of commodity exporters to place their money in SWFs is three times more than in countries that do not export commodities. In addition, such non renewable resources as oil have forced countries to liquidate their value through the funds. Second, countries with huge fiscal and balance of trade have also increased their tendency to invest in SWFs. The countries invest in such funds to keep their exports competitive in international markets. Economists explicate that the concept of sovereign funds are effects of macroeconomic imbalances. Policy concerns To deal with these growing concerns of sovereign wealth funds,
The Second World War led to the mobilization of almost the entire population of the countries involved. Women contributed extensively to the war effort by manning the factories, communications, hospitals, support services as also in various support arms of the armed forces. Perhaps what stands out remarkable has been the contribution of Russian women to the Russian war effort, a contribution unparalleled by other countries that took part in the war. They were the only country to deploy women in large numbers in actual combat operations. Amongst the various tales of valor, the most famous has been the exploits of female Russian snipers, whose acts have been publicized heavily by the Russians and whose exploits, have attained mythical heights in present-day literature. This essay examines the factual position on the exploits of female Russian snipers during the Second World War as well as their existence in the present-day Russian Federation. Overview The word “Sniper” has its origins in hunting a small, fast bird called ‘snipe’ in 18 th century British India by the army. Since the bird is quick and small, the hunters needed to be expert marksmen. Snipe hunting was an art that required guile and patience in addition to being a good shot. All armies have trained snipers. But it is the Russians who organized snipers systematically as part and parcel of their Army in large proportions. Russians have always considered their women as combatants. Even during the First World War, women took an active part in combat operations and th
Introduction I’m a speed freak. Not surprising, considering my background. I come from a long family history of bikers. My elder brother, my dad, even my mom, they all have motorbikes. Right from when I was but a kid, we’d all getaway during the weekends, with me usually riding on either my mom’s or my brother’s bike. Soon enough though, I blew 12 candles during my birthday, and was presented with a small Benelli dirt bike. My elder brother offered to teach me how to ride it. I already had the elemental skill needed to ride a motorbike: the sense of balance. Since I was eight, I had ridden mountain bikes as a form of exercise. So basically, all I needed was to know how to work the gears and clutches of the motorbike. Or so I thought. My elder brother, Cliff, quickly convinced me that there was so much more to riding a motorbike. He told me that it’d take me at least two months to finally be considered a competent biker. The lessons We started the lessons one early morning in a certain open field near our home. Cliff started by showing me the important parts of the bike. I was soon conversant with the pillion, the hand accelerator, the signal lights, the hand and the foot brakes, the fuel reservoir, the clutch and the gears. He also described for me a major difference between Benelli motorbikes and most other bikes. While most bikes use a chain to connect the hind wheel to the engine, Benellis were known for their spinning metal rods, similar to the final drives of vehicles. Cliff then gave me a lecture on safety when riding bikes. I quickly came to learn that motorbikes required a much higher sense of responsibility than even cars. With the rider essentially being part of a bike’s outfit, a bike is basically a human being travelling at vehicle speeds, but with nothing but a visor and knee pads as protection. Any accident when on a bike hence can be fatal- and most are. A sense of maturity was hence essential. This was part the reason why my parents had waited until I was 12 before allowing me to ride. Cliff then instructed me to wear a leather jacket, knee pads, gloves and a visor. Dutifully, I put them on. Cliff could see the impatience in expression, for he soon launched into another tirade about the importance of each of those. Afterwards, he told me to sit on the pillion and hold the handlebars. At last, I thought, as I gleefully took the seat. Cliff then sat behind me on the pillion. The dirt bike didn’t need kicking to start it. A handy ignition switch was in place. Cliff told me how to kick the gear system into neutral before turning the ignition key. Then, as per his instructions, I crunched the crutch while turning the ignition. The engine roared to life. The vibrations beneath me were simply exhilarating. Cliff however reminded me that the power beneath us could either be our transport to an earthy destination or to a heavenly one. His veiled threat became a fact in the next few seconds. In my excitement, I kicked the motorbike into first gear. Then, turning the hand accelerator, I released the crunch. Cliff’s quick reaction saved our hide that day. He quickly
An Italian by birth, Columbus was born in 1435 and was originally from Genoa. His father, Dominic Columbus, was a craftsman: he had a small workshop. This craft gave the Columbus family full security in their livelihoods, and Dominic Columbus was considered a wealthy man. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the factors that have drawn the Europeans to the exploration of the New World. In the Middle Ages, the cities of Italy, thanks to the development of trade and industry, made up the wealthiest part of Europe. Wealth gave them the means to be independent of the feudal system representatives. In the interests of trade, and then of political view, the Venetians captured many islands and coastal points in the Mediterranean Sea. The Spaniards, the Portuguese and later the Dutch, paving the way for the world trade, became powerful rivals. Thus, Columbus’s conviction that land should lie beyond the Atlantic Ocean turned out to be fair. Researchers note that on the morning of October 12, 1492, the team anchored off the coast. It was easy to see that it was a small island, but its nature was so new and productive for Europeans that this piece of land made the most significant impression on travelers. However, at first, the relations between the aborigines and travelers were friendly, but this was mainly due to the influence of Columbus. He strictly forbade the Spaniards any attempt on the property of the aborigines and outrage over them. The Spaniards, who wanted to get rich at the expense of the aborigines, were very dissatisfied with this order, and the fear of punishment only constrained them. Thus, the factors that influenced the conquest and settlement of the New World were greed, thirst for war, and the acquisition of new subservient territories. Work Cited King, Stephen D. Grave New World: The End of Globalization, the Return of History . Yale University Press, 2018.
Summary This is a project which seeks to investigate the problem of adaptation to a foreign culture by expatriates in subsidiary firms. It is a full project research, and thus it has all components that should be contained in a research paper. It is divided into four main parts which are the introduction, literature review, and research methodology and data analysis. The introductory part seeks to put the topic of research into context. It has the background which elaborates on the problem being studied. The introduction also has the problem statement and its justification which gives a clear picture of the problem being studied. The research objective and limitation are also explained in this section. The literature review chapter contains a collection of view on the research problem collected from different researches and case studies done. It gives a bigger picture of the problem as it relates to the materials collected. The research methodology clearly explains how the research will be conducted. The research method and tools that will be used are clearly highlighted in this section. The techniques of sampling have also been explained in this chapter. The last chapter explains the data analysis techniques that will be used in the research. It also explains how deductions will be made from the analyzed data. Introduction Background to the research According to Chew (2004) and Treven (2006), globalization has opened opportunities for businesses across the world. Firms have realized that it is beneficial to enter new markets because there are opportunities that accrue from globalization. Therefore, many firms are entering and setting their businesses in different countries as part of diversification and the fulfillment of business growth strategies. As firms expand into new countries, the need for adaptive mechanisms of managing staffs is needed. Therefore, international human resource management has been said to help in the management of staffs in multinational companies (Du Plessis & Beaver, 2008). Most firms prefer to use expatriates at different levels. Expatriate refers to foreign workers, who are deployed to different countries to help in the management of subsidiary firms of a company. The workers are usually sent from the mother companies (Longatan, 2009; Grainger & Nankervis, 2001). Research reveals that there are many advantages as well as demerits of using expatriates by multinational corporations. Many people continue to explore the subject of expatriates and their roles in the global business. Though globalization has simplified business operations for multinational companies across the world, many challenges are still being faced by multinational firms (Grainger & Nankervis, 2001). Many companies have found it hard to adapt to
Introduction In the 21st century, there are so many issues in the economy of the United States. Inflation, unemployment, technology and other issues are increasing. This paper will present a discussion on two questions regarding the demand for skilled and unskilled workers, minimum wages, unemployment, inflation, and barter trade. Assessments, predictions and justifications will also be given. The Labor market and income Formulate two reasons why the demand for highly skilled workers has increased relative to the demand for less-skilled workers. Predict whether this type of demand will change in the next 10 years. Provide support for your response . There are so many immigrant workers who are highly skilled and the economy of America has moved into the technological age. Therefore, more high skills are required to sustain it. This demand will not change in the coming 10 years. This is so because the rate of immigration is high and it is expected to rise even more in the coming 10 years. This will increase the number of immigrant skilled workers within the United States. Also, the economy is becoming more and more technologically oriented. This is increasing the demand for skilled workers by the day as opposed to the unskilled. In the next ten years, the economy will have grown more technologically hence the higher need for highly skilled workers (Aaronson, Mazumder, & Schechter, 2010). Give your opinion on whether or not the poor benefit from increases in the minimum wage. Justify your response. The poor do not benefit from any increase in minimum wage. The employee receiving an average minimum wage does not fall among the poor. Many of those getting minimum wage increases earn over 3 times what those under the poverty line earn. If for example the minimum wage is increased to $ 7.25 per hour, only 12.7 percent of this would benefit poor families. 63 percent of these benefits would be taken up by those families with income above the poverty line by 2 times while 42 percent would benefit families with an income of 3 times above the poverty line. Average benefit for all the families is almost equal (Andereyeva, Long, & Brownell, 2010). Unemployment and Inflation Predict whether the years following the next presidential election will bring us inflation, deflation, or relatively stable prices. Provide support for your response. After the next presidential election, the inflation rates will go down. Currently the rate of unemployment is high at about 8 percent.The rates of unemployment are high because Americans are yet to choose between Obama and Romney. When one of them is voted in, there is a possibility that rates of unemployment will drop and this will bring inflation down as well (Luojia, and Toussaint-Comeau, 2010). Analyze how inflation could occur in a society that relies exclusively on barter versus money. Inflation could occur in a barter trade society when the supply of certain c
Introduction The “Canon of Scripture”, written by F.F Bruce in 1988 is a well-structured book, which pertains to historical and theological matters regarding canonicity in a rational way. As the statements he made in the introduction part of the book, Bruce lays more stress on the New Testament than the Old, mostly as his field of domain is the New Testament, but also for the reason that the concerns regarding the New Testament canon are complicated, and conceivably more arguable (Bruce 1988). Discussion The book has four sections. Bruce’s work’s introduction, which opens and seals the first part of the book, is brief and has its focus on the promulgation of terms and language pertinent to the discussion. In the second part of the book, the author deals with the matters pertaining to Old Testament canonicity, taking account of the canon that was made use of by Jesus and the apostles, and the basis of and consequences of the dominance of the Greek Old Testament in the early church. Bruce give details of the textual reasons from the New Testament and the Ante-Nicene Fathers for accepting what has come to be known as the TaNaKh to the Jews. He concludes the debate by a healthy assessment of the material; comprising much ground from the codices all the way from the writing of the great personalities of the eighteenth century (Bruce 1988). F.F Bruce also analyzes the customary historical-critical outlook of the canonization process of the Old Testament in further detail. The author defies the supposition that there existed a three-step process of canonization of the Hebrew Scriptures, one concerned to each one of the main sections in the Hebrew Bible, and the assumptions on the basis of which these were made, for instance the late date of composition of the book of Daniel. Bruce describes that a much logical analysis in view of the proof is that many of the books of the Old Testament were canonized just about instantaneously after their composition, and that the traditional threefold (or twofold) division was not a fixed custom in ancient times. He validates this with reference to primitive sources such as Josephus and the Dead Sea Scrolls (Bruce 1988). Next discussing the New Testament era, the author uses up a considerable part of his time examining the proof from the first two centuries after Christ. The era was largely influential in regards to thinking about the canon; also this was the period when much of the discrepancies in the makeup of the canon were evidenced. Regrettably, it is also deemed to be the most lacking in existing evidence (Bruce 1988). Following the review of the initial post-apostolic era, F.F Bruce spends plenty time analyzing the impact of Marcion and the reaction by the rest of the church, assessing that Marcion did not ‘create’ the New Testament canon by compelling the churc
Introduction A famed side of Samurai is captured in Twilight Samurai that is seen in rare cases. This movie is a presentation that is restrained and slow-paced. This film is set in Shonai, which is the northeastern province, in the nineteenth century. This film stars Seibei Iguchi (Hiroyuki Sanada) a low-graded and in greater debt, as a result of trying to offer a lavish burial (to his wife who succumbed to death due to TB) as was required by his in-laws. His situation is also worsened by the burden of trying to care for his two daughters and senile mother. The film portrays the way that family and duty conflict, the issues of difference in social classes, and love. Courage and honor are also brought out in this classic tale. Daily routine At the present, the are few instances of fighting in this story, so Seibei works together with other samurais in a group as clerks. At the same time, they keep track of the castle’s necessities that would prove to be important in case of a battle. Because of a lack of time to carter for himself, he has become untidy without knowing. Furthermore, he looks very messy and scruffy with his torn wears. This almost puts his superior in trouble when the Lord makes a surprise visit to the workplaces to find him in that terrible state. Seibei’s daily job (that is keeping records for the clan’s store) provides very little money that can hardly sustain his family and therefore, he further relies on crop farming and building insect cages for extra money. Due to his high demands and the inadequate money that he has, he has branded a Twilight (Tasogaro) since he has to run home right after his job and spends no time socializing with his workmates. Furthermore, Seibei’s children are reminded that their father has become a laughing stock in the clan. Austin argues that Seibei takes his time watching his two daughters grow and as a result, he is happy and not miserable. The low requirement of his job also seems enjoyable to him. Furthermore, Seibei takes time to attend to his farm as he is assured that there is a change in time and the situations of war and use of swords are coming to pass. Changing Times A tentative romance sprouts between Seibei and Tomoe Iinuma (his childhood friend who is back after divorcing her abusive and drunkard husband). However, he is worried whether he would be able to support his current financial situation to the lifestyle she is used to Rie Miyazawa. Despite the obvious feelings Seibei has towards Tomoe, he keeps away from her to try to maintain the respect he has towards the late wife. During this time that life seems to be promising to Seibei, he is sent off on a mission by his senior (in which you have to obey
Which is more likely to influence the other: Religion or economics? Why? What specific aspects of religious commitment/religion might influence a person’s economic conduct or circumstances? It can be argued that religion can influence the economy more intensely, rather than vice versa, for several reasons. For instance, in economic life, such virtues as honesty, dignity, and respect for commitments are emphasized; in its turn, religion stresses the importance of these virtues in the disciples. Furthermore, religion sometimes encourages the consumption of material objects and things, especially during the holidays. Besides, any religion ennobles work and emphasizes human labor as a vocation. For example, Protestantism exalts any work, in principle, and it is associated with an increase in productivity and income. Moreover, religion can justify and approve a specific economic system or activity. It may be noted that aspects of religion frequently urge people to do charity and to give away their material
Drawing Network Gadget Toy Company’s Network Purpose of Critical Path A critical path helps the management to identify the most crucial activity in every project. A critical path is the longest time that a project can take to be completed. At the same time, it is the shortest time that a project can take because it has no float time. Identification of the critical path helps the management in allocating resources and directing the activities in order to accomplish the project within the stipulated time schedule (Webb, 2002). The critical path shows activities whose duration can be reduced to reduce the overall production duration. Otherwise, reducing activities, which do not form part of the critical path, increases cost without reducing the overall project duration. The critical path outlines the most important sets of activities which when implemented the project goals will be realized (Webb, 2002). Tracking the project using the Critical path Critical path analysis allows management to monitor the development of the project while tracing its achievement (Webb, 2002). Through the critical path, the management can tell whether they will be able to meet their targeted goals or not. Any deviation arising are easily detected and remedial action are employed promptly to address any shortcomings. Moreover, the critical path helps the management to identify activities, which can be delayed in order to allocate limited resources to other activities without affecting the project duration. On the same note, the critical path helps the management make good judgments pertaining future changes in costs and other eventualities. To hasten project analysis, Critical path is used to develop Gantt Charts, which illustrates the sequence in which activities are implemented (Webb, 2002). Gantt charts also shows which activities should be completed first before initiating others, without the critical path the management may find it difficult to understand which activities to implement first. Ways Preventing Project delays To keep the project on track the management may decide to switch some resource from an activity with float time to a critical activity. This process helps to ensure that all the critical activities are ran smoothly while delaying other activities, which are not critical (Webb, 2002). Delaying such projects does not affect the overall project duration. From the network drawn above, the management of Gadget Company may opt to delay activity D (Deliver material) to allocate more time for installing tools (activity E). Secondly, the management may opt to hire additional labor, or provide for overtime (work on weekends) in order to reinstate the project back on track. However such as measure means requires additional allocation of money to hire more labor. The other way that a project can be kept on track is by working at night so as to make up for the lost time. The other alternative would involve increasing supply so as to hasten the rate project completion time. However, any decision to increase labor and supply means incurring extra cost, which may not be readily available. Fina