ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Mission statement MRI will be part of a medical enterprise that provides complete MRI services for the increased population as well as distance communities. The aim mission of the MRI services is to provide provider-based delivery services at affordable prices and to reduce congestion among the service providers. This will assist the local population in getting the best services within their locality. The mission statement is to provide quality and efficient services to the public and produces provider-based services to the local population. The administrator’s vision The current service provider in the local community is not portable. The administrator has visualized a portable MRI which is good for the community as it will reach the remote areas where there will be people requiring medical services but are unable to travel to the central or to the facility center. The local population is increasing drastically thus they need an extra MRI service provider to reduce congestion among the service providers. There is an increased intended market which varies from young to old requiring the services. The company that currently operates other services will be providing the MRI services. There will be a great change in the organization structure from operations in the management. The organizational structure will change drastically since a new product will be introduced. The portable MRI will require new employees to handle the portable services and this changes the structure of the organization. The organization may be at the moment be structured in a manner that provides services only to orthopedic surgery. However, the MRI service will increase the number of departments within the organization. It will also require the acquisition of new equipment as well as increasing office space for the extra staff, the parking space will also be increased within the organization. If funds are available, there will be an increase in building and construction for the project. However, the most affected structure of the organization will be the human resource structure where there will be an increase in human resources introducing a new department for handling the service. The other structure that will be affected is the capital structure, extra money will need to be injected to support the new equipment, new employees, and construction of other facilities. Organization structure as it defined how tasks and jobs will be carried out formally among groups or employees and how it is coordinated. Therefore work specialization departmentation and formalization of activities within the organization will be affected drastically. Environmental factors Many environmental factors will affect the business before they start. The environmental factors that affect the business will include competition, political, legal, employment, economic, and many others. Competition Currently, companies are operating and offering MRI services to t
Introduction In past years, the gun control issue has been debated following cases of fatal public shootings. One of the issues has been the banning of assault weapons that has led to proposals aimed at amending gun policy in America. Statistics reveal that assault weapons comprise a paltry 1.7 percent of the total number of guns in America (Carter, 2012). Reasons given for gun possession by opponents of the ban include personal safety and protection, target shooting, and hunting. Moreover, they claim that such a ban would be an infringement on the freedom of Americans. Opponents argue that assault weapons aid in improving personal and public safety (Crooker, 2003). According to experts, the role of assault weapons in the American society is indispensable. On the other hand, proponents of the ban argue that assault weapons encourage crime and misuse of weapons. Past cases of homicide include the killings at Aurora in Colorado, Fort Hood in Texas, Tucson in Arizona, and Oak Creek in Wisconsin. Assault weapons should be banned because they encourage the infringement of people’s freedom and independence, encourage crime, and perpetuates violence. Discussion Assault weapons encourage infringement of people’s freedom and privacy due to scrutiny and surveillance by law enforcement officers (Hirsch, 2012). Opponents of assault weapon’s ban argue that it will infringe on the privacy and freedom of the people. They argue that America is a democratic country and the right of the people to carry weapons is protected by the Second Amendment of the Constitution (Robinson, 2012). However, this argument carries little weight. Legalized weaponry prompts with public safety officers to monitor civilians who own assault weapons. Civilian monitoring and scrutiny is an infringement of the privacy and freedom that American citizens are supposed to enjoy. Individuals who purchase assault weapons are closely monitored to ensure that they use their weapons for the right purposes. Monitoring of civilians is critical because one of the roles of law enforcement agencies is to prevent attacks on citizens from within and outside the country (Robinson, 2012). Holders of smaller guns such as pistols and handguns are not monitored because the weapons are not as harmful as assault weapons. The damage that assault weapons can cause is much greater than the damage that less powerful guns can cause (Belevich, 2013). Therefore, banning assault weapons will allow everyone to enjoy their privacy, freedom, and independence as stipulated in the American constitution. Assault weapons have contributed largely to the prevalence of homicide and mass killings in America (Matthews, 2014). According to government reports, approximately 7 percent of reported cases of homicide involve the use of assault weapons. In past years, several cases of homicide have been reported. For instance, in 2006, Kyle Aaron Huff killed 6 people while Tyler Peterson also k
For quite some time now, the medicinal use of marijuana has become a hotly debated subject in majority of literature works. Marijuana, which is also commonly termed as cannabis, exists in different varieties, which are such as cannabis ruderalis, cannabis sativa along with cannabis indica. In addition to the aforementioned varieties, there are also various marijuana hybrids, which share diverse species’ properties. Cannabis sativa along with cannabis indica are the marijuana hybrids, which are mostly used for medicinal purposes. Given that these two marijuana hybrids are considered to bring about diverse therapeutic effects, a good number of individuals are advocating for the medicinal marijuana decriminalization within the Canadian borders. However, prior to the legalization of marijuana, it will be of great essence to evaluate the negative effects, which may end up outweighing the perceived positive effects. In the first place, it should be recognized that decriminalization of individual use of marijuana for the medicinal purposes will most definitely trigger a significant increase in its use, as well as, abuse (Joffe et al., 2004, p. 632). Even though those advocating for its legalization solely focus on adults, it is highly possible that an alteration on its legal status will definitely have impacts on the adolescents. Various studies indicate that psychoactive substances such as Alcohol along with tobacco products are the ones, which are greatly abused by the adolescents. In reference to the study undertaken within Canada in 2003, it was established that within a period of one month, 47.5 % of individuals within the 12 grade were already using alcohol. On the other side, within the same time, it was also discovered that 24.4% of this same group were involved in the illegal use of tobacco product (Furler et al., 2004, p. 217). The increase in the abuse of these drugs by the adolescents has come about despite the fact that Alcohol remains illegal for the individuals who are aged less than twenty-one years. On the other hand, persons below the age of eighteen years are not legally allowed to use tobacco products. It is therefore quite evident that even though the marijuana legalization will go hand in hand with a set minimum age within which individuals will be allowed to use it, at the long run the adolescents will end up becoming heavy users of the said drug (Joffe et al., 2004, p. 632). Moreover, bearing in mind that marijuana legalization will result in the emergence of advertisements; majority of the advertisements will only be directed toward the adolescents. Although majority of the marijuana legalization proponents will argue that, its legaliz
There are several theories in epistemology also known as the study of human knowledge and one of the theories states that sense experience is the only source of knowledge. Also known as empiricism, this theory is one of numerous contending observations that dominate various fields such as history, science, and philosophy in the study of human knowledge. The theory gives emphasis to experience and substantiation sensory participation and awareness in particular, in the development of thoughts and ideas. Empiricism however challenges the concept of innate ideas which may in unique cases be deduced from empirical reasoning for instance in hereditary bias. In addition, the philosophy of science which is a comparatively unrelated sphere of knowledge, integrates empiricism extensively by underscoring the view that that all assumptions and conjectures have to be tested against interpretations of the natural world, instead of being created only through an innate way of thinking, perception or disclosure. The theory therefore asserts that the features of scientific knowledge in particular as discovered in research, be directly correlated to the evidence and hence science is perceived as a methodologically empirical form of study. Empiricism in philosophy Empiricism is a philosophical theory that connects knowledge to experience where experience is regarded as the sensory component of perception. The theory disagrees with other theories that support the notion that knowledge in any form exists outside experience (Walter 2008, 82). Theories such as rationalism the Intuition/Deduction thesis and Innate Knowledge thesis which support the notion that there is the existence of intrinsic or instinctive knowledge or the subsistence of a
In the early nineties, American society had to struggle with political and racial tensions. In part, these conflicts manifested themselves in the Los Angeles riots that broke out in 1992. This paper is aimed at discussing the way in which riots are reflected in the play Twilight: Los Angeles, 1992, written by Anna Deavere Smith. In particular, this literary work illustrates the views of different characters on these events. One should demonstrate how the opinions of these people are affected by their social status, race, or gender. These are the main questions that should be examined more closely. It should be mentioned that these riots were sparked by the trial of Rodney King. This African-American male was arrested and beaten by police. More importantly, this video was recorded and made public. The trial of this case necessitated the change of venue. In other words, it was necessary to try this case in a different location in order to ensure the impartiality of jurors. The court decided to exonerate police officers from the charges of excessive force. The defense attorneys believed that Rodney King resisted the police officers, but these moments were not captured in the video. This decision of the court led to violent protests against racial inequality in the United States. In her play, Anna Deavere Smith attempts to illustrate various perspectives on this play. Some of these people did not want to be involved in this turmoil. For instance, one can speak about the Korean woman, Mrs. June Park. She does not understand why her husband had to “get shot” (Smith, 153). This woman stresses the idea her husband was a hard-working man; furthermore, he was always willing to donate money to various community needs. She wants to emphasize the idea that the social status of her family was achieved through hard labor. Thus, she does not know why the Korean community has to suffer from these riots. One should keep in mind that during the riots, many of the Korean stores were burned or robbed. On the whole, people like Mrs. June Park believed that their security could be threatened. So, many of them could have negative attitudes towards these protests. Additionally, one can refer to the opinions expressed by Maxine Waters, who was a congresswoman at the time when the riots took place. Admittedly, she does not support the violent actions of the protestors. Nevertheless, she believes that these events were incited by institutional racism (Smith, 167). Her perspective is influenced by such factors as race and social status. As a black person, she is keenly aware of injustice caused by racism. She notes that African-American youth could suffer from unemployment, food insecurity, and lack of educational opportunities (Smith 168). Moreover, their needs were excluded from public discourse. This person also believes that not all of the protestors were criminals. Nevertheless, as a person, who occupies a very high social status, she does not accept violence because it can only provoke other conflicts. Thus, she tries to
Daily Mail recently published a story claiming that the United States’ first lady, Melania Trump, was offering other services other than modeling. The article also had statements indicating that both Melania and Paolo Zampolli, the manager of the modeling agency, had denied the claims, but did not have evidence to support the affirmations. The article also included a prominently displayed old nude photograph of Melania seemingly posing for a photo-shoot, which covered almost the whole right-hand part of page 15 of the newspaper. In the article, there was also an allegation that Melania Trump and her husband, Donald Trump, may have met a few years prior to their actual meeting, supposedly ‘staging’ it as a ‘ruse.’ Moreover, the article was also featured by Mail Online. This information did not go well with Melania, making her sue both Mail Online and Daily Mail. The court found the two media organizations guilty of libel against Mrs. Trump and ordered them to pay a huge sum of money, estimated to be about $3 million as compensation for the damages and legal costs that she incurred as a result of the case. The first Amendment does not protect individuals and organizations proven guilty of defaming other people either through written or verbal communication from facing legal penalties. Defamation laws offer protection to individuals from false and damaging statements. Both Daily Mail and Mail Online published an article touching on the life of Melania without having proof to substantiate the allegations, making them guilty of issuing false statements about another person. The prominent display of the nude photo of Melania and statements of the claims were sufficient evidences by the plaintiff to indicate that the defamatory remarks were illegally communicated to a third party. Media personnel should borrow a leaf from this lawsuit, especially while publishing statements regarding public figures; they should only communicate the information of which they have sufficient proof. Bibliography Bowcott, Owen, and Holly Watt. “ Melania Trump Accepts Daily Mail Damages and Apology in Libel Case. ” The Guardian , 2017. Web.
Introduction First of all, it is necessary to mention, that living in central California after the adoption of the new tax policy has complicated for the entrepreneurs of small businesses. The fact is that there is completely no secret prescription that may remove a person’s tax obligations. People should be aware of anyone advertising any of these dodges. Taxpayers in California anecdotally appear to be particularly defenseless. Tax schemes can lead to troubles for both con performers and taxpayers. Tax return performers and promoters also jeopardize considerable sentences, concentration, and probable punishment. As a former small business entrepreneur, to avoid possible troubles I was obliged to retort to special methodologies: Return Preparer Fraud Unfair tax return performers can reason lots of troubles for honest taxpayers who generally suffer because of the stiffening of the struggle means. These trick performers make their money by gliding a segment of their customers’ repayments and accusing exaggerated charges of return research services. They attract new consumers by offering large repayments. Some performers encourage the filing of deceitful asserts for repayments on articles such as fuel tax recognitions to recuperate taxes paid in prior years. Taxpayers should select watchfully when hiring a tax performer, particularly one who offerings something that appears too good to be correct. Tourism Speaking about tourism matters in California, it is necessary to mention, that the tourism industry increase has been a key supplier to augmented financial activity all through the USA in general, and in California in particular. The enhancement of tourism has been outlined in the creation of thousands of jobs for the locals, and I can not miss this fact, as I am working as an administrator in one of the hotels. It is the major financial activity in lots of regions of the world. Yet, the influence of tourism on society and personal is not quite widely realized – even where tourism is growing radically and should be of the maximum attention or apprehension. Most people think of tourism in terms of economic impacts, jobs, and taxes. However, the range of impacts from tourism is broad and often influences areas beyond those commonly associated with tourism. Leaders as well as residents who understand the potential impacts of tourism can integrate this industry into their community in the most positive way. The Influence of tourism can be divided into seve
The oil industry requires planning to consider the macro business environment. There is a need to look at assumptions about the industry about the region where an oil project is taking place. Insights give priorities for the project and provide the right expectations for a company and its shareholders. The macro business environment derives its stability from the major world economies and their growth prospects. The fluctuations in demand and supply of oil depend mainly on the economic growth of the main consuming markets like the United States and China. If there is high volatility, then projects with a short period and high scalability will be viable. Besides, there is a cost of capital for short-term and long-term projects that affect the ability to keep projects on schedule. A risk that oil companies face is that their cost of capital can change midway through a project, thereby causing increases in the overall cost that can threaten the viability of a project. Political risks also increase project complexities. Oil firms usually operate in more than one country to leverage economies of scale and serve customer needs. International and local politics affect other aspects of business, such as access to production areas, interest rates, and bureaucracy, which the project execution time. Political risks mainly introduce relationship complexities in an oil business by having more stakeholders and communication partners that need to be satisfied in the course of the project execution (Jepsen & Eskerool 2009). Overall, inflation overall the cost of raw materials, the wages paid to workers, and the returns gained by a company. High inflation is risky; however, inflation can only be predicted and discounted by several financial buffers, but it remains unavoidable (Meredith & Mantel 2012). Within the organization, complexities in the planning process arise due to language problems and cultural processes. If a subsidiary located in a host country has to coordinate development efforts with the head office in another country, cultural conflicts will likely affect the communication of objectives, goals, opportunities, and priorities for dealing with any identified challenges. For example, a significant oil drilling and processing company in the United States could have oil-prospecting projects in Uganda, where it is employing local staff. Uncertainty avoidance, power distance, and aspects of individualism will play a part in the interpersonal communication of the American and Ugandan workers. When handled poorly, they can lead to mistakes in the planning process that can spread to the rest of the project. This can be an internal relationship project affecting internal stakeholders. It can cause work to stretch beyond project plans. In another example, the hiring of skilled staff is an issue that is affected by internal and external environments. A company with a clear staffing strategy still has to deal with labor market shortcomings that are only certain at the time of hiring. To remedy the problems
Introduction and Overview Organisational effectiveness is one of the key measures of the success of a business. It entails examining the business in terms of its profitability, productivity, efficiency, adaptive-ness, growth, morale, stability, and ethical conditions. For these conditions to be achieved, it is necessary that the organisation architecture, decision making process leadership and team building activities be carried out effectively. This research work evaluates the different managerial functions that must be carried out to ensure that the organisation is effectiveness. A detailed analysis of these factors is carried out to determine their importance and what managers should do to ensure that their company is effective. Organisational Architecture Organisational architecture refers to the process through which organisations guide and control the business so as to realize their principle qualities such as customer satisfaction. Figure 1 below shows the main elements of the organisation architecture. Figure 3 elements of organisational architecture Organisational Society An organisation is operated under strict guidelines and fixed rules. Furthermore, organisations have a hierarchical rank. This is referred to as bureaucracy. The main characteristics of a bureaucratic organisation are division of labour, technical competence, hierarchy to the authority, meritocracy, rules, formalization and rights of the position. For the organisation to be effective the following factors must be taken into consideration:   * operations should revolve around the process   * power must be dispersed   * the organisation must focus on the customer   * the organisation must combine both managerial and non managerial functions   * the company must invest in training and developing employees   * the company must reward employees Organisational structure The organisational structure is the hierarchical arrangement of an organisation. This structure enables effective communication and sharing of duties within the organisation. Organisation structure results to differentiation and integration. Differentiation entails the subdivision of an activity into smaller parts while integration entails to combination of many task to produce a product or service. Decision making within the organisation Decision making in an organisation is one of the key elements. Managers make crosscutting decisions that affect the company performance. Management science developed the need for appropriate decision making in an organisation. In 1950 the bounded rationality theory was introduced as alternative to the classical theory. In 1953, the Herbert Simon formalized the behavioural theory (Simon, 1979). Decision making theories Ethical decision making process will entail the use of several principles such as reality principle, value creation, justice, honesty, rational self interest