ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Executive Summary International human resource management is complex and requires business firms to use appropriate strategies to enable them to achieve positive results from their operations. Business firms that operate in different countries need to attain a higher level of operational excellence to ensure their daily functions are aligned with their long term strategic goals. Managerial functions need to be taken seriously in a firm to enable it to attain its long term goals in a particular industry. This essay focuses on specific cultural and national factors which may affect Nestlé’s operations in India’s non-alcoholic food and beverages sector. It also proposes different human resource practices which the firm needs to institute to strengthen its operations in the industry. Introduction India’s non-alcoholic beverages sector has experienced good performance in the last five years. In addition, the country has experienced a lot of changes in the last ten years which have encouraged more multinational corporations to set up operations in different economic sectors. The non- alcoholic beverage sector has experienced positive growth because more firms have set up operations in the country to take advantage of different opportunities that exist. India is known for its favourable government policies, highly skilled labour, and low cost raw materials and these favourable conditions have encouraged more business firms to invest in different sectors. In addition, the country’s economy benefits from a strong work ethic because many Indians have positive attitudes towards career development. The number of people who will be consuming food and non- alcoholic beverages in the next three years is expected to rise by 16-19% (Budhwar & Varmas 2011, p. 79). This shows the sector has a lot of growth opportunities for firms that seek to establish their operations in the country. Business Environment of India Nestle Foods and the Pestle model will be used to analyse different factors in the country which impact on the overall business environment. Political Factors: India is the largest democracy in the world. Its government formulates fiscal policies which affect investments in different economic sectors. However, different business regulations which are enforced by the government are likely to have a significant impact on the firm’s local operations. Deregulation allows commercial enterprises to conduct their operations with minimum government interference (Budhwar & Varmas 2011, p. 83). Lastly, India enjoys relative political stability which allows different economic activities to proceed without unnecessary disruptions. Economic Factors: Factors that need to be looked at are; economic growth rates, foreign exchange rates, levels of inflation, interest rates and the cost of doing business. The government’s decision to allow companies to obtain capital from foreign sources has increased foreign direct investment and this has led to positive economic growth rates, which were estimated at 6% in 2009. The country also experiences low rates of inflation, low interest rates and stable foreign exchange rates. As a result, the
Introduction The civilization of Maya and its origins has interested historians and scientists for a long time due to the fast rise and fall of this civilization. The Popol Vuh is one of the sources that contain the original information about how this civilization viewed the process of their creation. This book is more like a gathering of myths that explain how the Mayan people were created. This essay analyzes one chapter of the aforementioned book from the perspective of the creation and the themes that are mentioned. In addition, the essay is providing a parallel between the view on the creation mentioned in the Popol Vuh and the general religious view in the contemporary world. Analysis The first theme that could be mentioned is the theme of Food worship. Many nations gave importance to food but the myth in the Popol Vuh has put the Maize or the white and yellow corn as the main ingredient for the creation of the human. Therefore the creation of the human was similar to raising maize, as it needs soil and water, similarly, the white and yellow corn became the flesh, the grease became the human fat and the water became the blood. In general, the main theme that could be established is the relation of man to nature which is sensed through the process of creation and even in the names that were given to the first created men. The similarity to the world religion (here the three religions mean: Christianity, Judaism, and Islam) where the first human creation was a man. The second theme that could be considered is the imperfection of the human, where the first creations were given knowledge and powers similar to gods, then there were limited to the qualities that they have now “They were blinded as the face of a mirror is breathed upon. Their eyes were weakened. Now it was only when they looked nearby that things were clear.” Then the creation of the women showed the importance of the family, and if analyzing the names that were given to the first women (Celebrated Sea-house, Prawn House, Hummingbird House, and Macaw House) it could be acknowledged that the roles given to women are being the mother, the support of the family and their place for rest to which they will always return no matter where they go. Another theme is the importance of the origins “Jaguar Quitze was the grandfather and father of the nine great houses of the Caucus.” where it is apparent that each Quiché has pride in the lineage that he came from, recalling who his ancestors and from what line he came. This fact outlines the importance of one’s origins and family that never weakens with time passing by. The single-origin is another theme that could be discussed where it is shown that despite the language differences that occurred later they acknowledge that they were similar to each other and has one god “There is just one name for their god”. If paralleling to the world religions the single origin is also mentioned t
Looking for new perspectives on improving my leadership skills, I found a great motivational book Eat That Frog! by the Canadian personal development speaker Brian Tracy. This book is a set of simple methods which can help arrange one’s work. Eat That Frog! is a perfect example of how to stop procrastinating and start getting positive results. The practical value of this book for our program consists of a simple presentation of the key aspects which motivate us to achieve better results. First of all, this book tells us that goals are the fuel in the furnace of success (Eat That Frog! 2002, p. 68). The key aspect: you just have to go ahead and do your work. Just eat that frog. Don’t try to find the reasons explaining why you don’t want or don’t have to work. Just go and do this work. And soon you will get amazing results. You have to identify your goal and go ahead. The second important key to success is the ability to concentrate on the most important part of the task, to do it right, and to complete your job. From time to time, it is complicated work to choose the main part among all the components. The worst waste of time is doing something good and understanding that you didn’t have to do it at all. However, when you realize it you start turning your life from a waste of time to victory. Thirdly, you always have to continue learning. It is the major requirement for success in any field of your activity. By doing your homework, you will get the new possibility of a quick achievement (Eat That Frog! 2002, p. 52). That means you should be prepared for the future result. Productivity is impossible without learning and preparation. Besides, you always should remember that difficulties come not to obstruct, but to instruct (“Fight or Flight”). Let your problems and doubts feed your desire to achieve success. Release your fears. The l
Christopher Columbus unwittingly began one of the most thoughtful revolutions into the history of the world when he discovered America in 1492. This discovery was a milestone into the greatest transformation that has continued to puzzle the world to date. Among the historical transformation of America is the commonly known Spanish conquest of America- the New World and its rise and establishment of a lasting empire. This was after a series of battles with the Indians and the Aztecs for dominance and hegemony in the New World. One of the fiercest battles the Spanish fought before colonizing the wider areas of the Americas was that which involved the Aztecs and in which they won despite the size of their army. They established an empire historically regarded as one of the largest-larger than even the ancient Roman Empire 1 .The ability to conquer Aztec has continuously remained a mystery for scholars who wonder how it became possible for a small army to conquer a multitude of forces. This paper seeks to point out the single most important factor in allowing the Spanish to defeat the Atzec Empire and the reason as to why this happened. The Spanish Cortez was able to conquer the Aztec Empire due to a number of reasons. This victory was possible despite the fact that the Spanish army was few numbering about 508 compared to the large Aztec forces. The Cortex’s historical military dominance helped them conquer Mexico. Since it was known for the large-scale production of steel, cavalry, and firearms, they had an advantage against the Aztec who had never seen powerful machines and cannons. In their possessions were spikes, Toledo steel, and swords that were durable and sharper than those of their combatants. This frightened the Aztec. To add to their advantage was the system of routine fighting in which they approached the Aztecs as a common enemy and with diverse backups, unlike the Aztecs who employed old systems like the Iberian. These regimented fighting techniques made them less vulnerable to sustaining fatal injuries as they also used armors to protect themselves against Aztec’s dangerous swords. Decades later at the beginning of the American Revolution, Americans began to realize a sense of unity and identity as a new nation. However, the ideal colonial unity was far from the reality due to many factors. For instance, there was strong growth of resentment among the American colonists. However, everything took center stage when the colonies began to realize the importance of unity in order to fight for sovereignty from Britain. Colon
Introduction Competitiveness refers to the productivity of a nation‘s resources. This productivity arises from a combination of domestic and foreign firms. Through competition, an organization creates wealth and jobs; offering the most productive environment for businesses in any nation. The public and private sector plays a great role in creating a productive economy. Microeconomic competitiveness is determined by the quality of the national business environment, the state of the cluster development and the complexities of a company’s operations and strategy. Therefore, productivity ultimately depends on improving the microeconomic value of the aforementioned concepts to improve the microeconomic capability of the economy. Body National macroeconomic competitiveness has been a Key focus point of the national policy debates over a long period of time. For example, Laureate Paul Krugman challenged the concept competitiveness arguing that nations usually do not compete with one another in a zero–sum game, but rather they benefit from each other’s successes through mutual beneficial trade. Other alternative approaches put forward by other authors focus on the measure of a nation’s competitiveness. Competition elsewhere has been defined as the nation’s ability to produce, distribute and service goods in the international economy in comparison to the other products produced in other countries (Hasset 2). It was not until recently that Michael Porter, a prominent advocate of competitiveness concept, related the welfare of a nation to the microeconomic factors which determine the competitiveness of a firm. According to Porter, competitive advantage implies that a firm is more productive than the rival firms. The model explains that competition at the national level is extended due to the interconnection of micro reforms in the marketplace. The competitive interests have resulted to a number of indexes consistent with Porter’s view. The two most important are the Global Competitiveness Report of the World Economic Forum (WEF) and the report by the International Institute of Management Development IMD in the World Competitiveness Year book. Additionally, various institutions have developed their own ranking and evaluation systems. According to the Global competitiveness report, competitiveness refers to an institution’s policies and factors that determine the level of productivity of an organization or a country. They agree with Porters’ view that the role of firms is to remain productive whilst the role of the government is to establish the environment for productivity (Hasset 3). Evidently, much discussion of competitiveness and economic development has focused on the macroeconomic, political, legal and social circumstances underpinning success in a nation’s economy. It is well established that sound fiscal and monetary policies accompanied by a trusted and effi
Analysis and Critique of the Rhoda Report Bill Rhoda relies on several methods to determine whether it is necessary to construct a multi-purpose events center in Prescott Valley. In particular, one should speak about the analysis of demographic data in the area (Rhoda 1). Much attention is paid to the age structure of the population because younger people are more likely to attend this events center. Furthermore, the researcher focuses on the data about the median income in this community since it is another independent variable that can influence the financial performance of a venue. In turn, the author’s projections are partly based on the study of events centers located in other areas that are similar to Prescott Valley in terms of demographic and economic characteristics (Rhoda 1). In particular, the author concentrates on the financial performance of these venues to estimate the validity of revenue expectations that are set for the future arena in Prescott Valley. On the whole, his major argument is that income expectation is largely exaggerated. Thus, the return on investment can be much lower. These are the main findings that should be considered. The author tested the validity of his findings by referring to the results of feasibility studies carried out in similar settings. Nevertheless, it is important to mention that these studies were completed in the early or mid-2000s, while the chosen research was completed in 2012 (Rhoda 6). One should keep in mind that the lifestyles of people can change significantly within six or seven years. This is one of the limitations that should be taken into account. Still, this limitation has to be accepted because the researcher had to focus on medium-sized venues located in areas comparable to Prescott Valley. Therefore, the author could choose from a limited number of projects. As it has been said before, the researcher examines the performance of similar venues. This comparison can be justified because in this way one can estimate the performance of events centers that can be constructed in such communities. It should be kept in mind the researcher does not tell the readers if he used any statistical ways of analyzing data. This information is necessary for confirming the validity of the estimations made by the researcher. This argument is particularly relevant if one speaks about the projections about the financial performance of the venue that may be located in Prescott Valley. Additionally, the author does not tell how he determined the size of the sample. In other words, the resea
Executive Summary Industrial marketing is the practice where commercial entities facilitate the trade of their goods and services to other businesses that use them as production components or to support their functions.Industrial marketing is fairly different from consumer marketing in that its channel of distribution is relatively shorter and the contacts tend to be more personal. Industrial marketing can be enhanced when both parties work together to come up with a strategy that will satisfy all of them. These interactions increase the parties’ willingness to manage and share risks and reward that result from the transactions. The long-term and short-term partnership between companies and their clients is what is known as industrial seller-buyer relationship. The methodological approach to this study follows a company case analysis. The host company is Emirates Metals Company. The study describes and analyses the company-client relationship in accordance to the existing models. The case study explores Emirates Metal’s situation in relation to its clients and how its relationship with this client is developed and handled. The case study also provides an insight and relevant illustrations of the marketing problems facing this company. The primary data sources in the case study comprised of questionnaires, interviews, texts and documents. Informal adaptations can improve the long standing relationship between the company and its clients. In addition, institutionalization of company-client relationship should not be confined to the relationship alone but to all other aspects of the company’s operation and transactions with other clients. Introduction Definition of B2B Marketing Business marketing is the practice where commercial entities or organizations (private or public) facilitate the trade of their goods and services to other businesses or organizations that use them as production components or to support their functions. Business to business marketing is also known as industrial marketing or B2B marketing (Dwyer and John 4). Industrial marketing in most cases is a derived demand, i.e., demand in industrial markets in most cases exists because of demand in other markets. For instance, demand for nuclear technology in a country can be as a result of high electricity demand from the populace (Dwyer and John 5). Even though on the surface the distinction between B2B marketing and consumer marketing appear to be obvious, there are additional understated distinction between the two with considerable implications. According to Dwyer and John the channel of distribution for B2B marketing is generally shorter and more direct (6). Business transactions or negations in B2B marketing tend to be more personal as compared to consumer marketing which targets a large number of people at once. Most B2B marketers usually commit only a small portion of their budget to promotional activities. The most preferred promotional tools in B2B marketing are direct mail efforts and business jour
“Where is Deaf Identity in an Aural Society?” is a TED talk presented by a guest speaker, Lauren Stevens, published on 16 th November 2017. The main message that the video is conveying is the absence of understanding and awareness of hearing impairment as its own culture, particularly in a world where the spoken word is familiar to most people. Lauren Stevens educates the audience, informing them that “we can make communication accessible to those who do not communicate aurally and by doing so it would break down language barriers and open doors for deaf culture awareness,” as stated in summary below the video. Ms. Stevens introduces herself as profoundly deaf, meaning that she cannot hear at all. She explains how she has practiced talking and hearing in order to communicate effectively with the hearing society. Ms. Stevens pops a question to the audience “when you encounter a deaf person, how do you initially perceive them?”. She asks the audience whether they perceive deaf people as members of a particular culture, normal members of society, or less able. The speaker was diagnosed with profound hearing loss at ten weeks, and is the only family member with a hearing problem. She goes ahead to state that she has encountered all the perceptions that society has over deaf people. Speaker Lauren Stevens goes ahead and explains the dilemma that her parents faced of either raising her with New Zealand sign language or enrolling her into early intervention programs. The parents met two opposing views; the deaf community informed them that if she did not learn the sign language, they would deny her rights as a deaf child, hence, stripping away her deaf identity. On the other hand, the hearing world argued that
Introduction The recent bankruptcy of Toys’R’Us has affected its suppliers significantly. To address the critical situation in which the manufacturing organization for Toys’R’Us has found itself, a recovery plan has to include the change in the company’s model and the redesign in its production strategies. As a result, significant expenses linked to procurement and supply chain management (SCM), in general, will be avoided. Company Model The company model will have to undergo significant alterations in order to adjust to the results of Toys’R’Us bankruptcy. By downsizing it, one will reduce the number of expenses and, thus the threat of incurring significant financial losses. The risks associated with the company’s debts will be lowered, which will help the firm to adjust to a new setting and economic factors. Production Cuts Concerning the SCM enhancement, the organization will have to reconsider the current manufacturing process. Particularly, the firm will need to transfer manufacturing to Malaysia due to the opportunity to use its trade-free zones and the absence of political hindrances (“Malaysia Free Zones” par. 1; Bernama par. 3). The latter is observed in the current “trade wars” between the U.S. and China (O’Grady par. 3). At the same time, production tariffs will have to be cut in China by at least 10% since the recent changes in the state’s regulations allow it (Koty par. 2-3). As a result, the quality of products will rise, which will help attract a new segment of customers and increase retail options. Moreover, the specified shift will help reduce expenses. Manufacturing Capacity Additionally, increasing the manufacturing capacity in India should be seen as a necessity since a rise in production levels will help the firm manage the current crisis. For instance, once the company attracts new customers, it will need to boost its production levels, which will require a shift in the current approach toward costs management. Furthermore, the Indian economic environment will allow renting a larger facility and hiring more workers. Therefore, the search for alternative sources of manufacturing services is warranted. The manufacturing capacities of the U.S. branch of the company, in turn, will have to be cut, while the headquarters will remain in the specified location. The decision to reduce manufacturing processes in the U.S. is justified by the high expenses that they entail for the organization. Si