ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
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Before Toy Story 1, Pixar previously worked on commercials and individual sequences of feature films and produced such short pieces as the 1988 Oscar-winner Tin Toy, which John Lasseter took on behalf of Pixar. When it turned out that he was the one to direct Toy Story, it became a legend and revolutionized an industry. As a production director, he advanced the animation technology to produce an animation movie in a period of two years, integrating skills of more than 110 people, including 28 animators and 30 technical directors. (Robertson “A Triumph of Animation”) Animation development is done through several techniques including stop motion, computer generated imagery (CGI) and hand-rendered art, among others. Stop motion involves the use of physical objects, photographing them and creating an illusion of movement through moving the object over a series of separate photography frames and then playing these frames sequentially. Computer generated imagery involves the use of computer graphics, while hand-rendered art involves drawing scenes physically. An animation can be performed through a combination of such techniques. Exclusive production of Toy Story 1 is done by Computer Generated Imagery. Computer Generated Imagery involves three basic steps. First, it is necessary to develop a wire frame geometric model for every object of the animation. Secondly, defining surface appearances, such as textures, color and reaction to light, is needed. The last step to perform is to execute the scenes, which is done by animating objects, integrating sound and light (Mitchel “Impact of CGI on Animation”). Considering animation production of Toy Story 1, it should be noted that it is performed completely by computers, then computing power is of top priority. Pixar developed a unique computing room for Toy Story 1. The 24-hour operating room, named Sun farm after its excessive use of Sun Microsystems hardware, was created. It had 294 processors running from Sun SPARC station 20s–87 dual-processor and 30 quad-processor SPARC stations. With the use of exceptional software for modeling, creating texture and colors, animating objects, integrating sound and lighting, the production included 1700 shots. It is the running of these frame animations which creates this computer-animated film, Toy Story 1. The first step in Computer Generated Imagery animation is generating animated objects. With over 366 objects, it required a dedicated team of artists to use this proprietary shelf software. With the exception of the digitization of the clay model of dog Scud, all other objects were designed by sole use of Alias and Men V software. The latter is procedural modeling environment fourth generation Pixar software, which was used to create a five-block neighborhood with immense details, so that each house has its own driveway and landscape or even the cars and telephone poles. The software used revolutionized the way of creating animated characters, such as designing a manufactured look for Woody. In creating some objects, modelers used some parts of the objects to make other ones; this practice came into play in creating things and humans throu
Definition of Employee Engagement Despite its growing popularity, the concept of employee engagement does not have a single definition. Kahn describes it as a multifaceted phenomenon in which members of the organization attach themselves to their working roles (Dik 109). Frank et al. define it as an amount of effort exhibited by the employees as a result of the commitment to the organizational culture (14). As can be seen from these definitions, there is a common theme of psychological attachment to the working process necessary at some stage in the organization. This concept is summarized in the broad definition by Truss et al. who define employee engagement simply as a passion for work (206). Principal Dimensions Similarly to the variety of definitions, the principal components of employee engagement are different both in number and in content depending on the authors. Truss et al. describe it as comprised of the physical, emotional, and cognitive aspects (119). The emotional dimension constitutes the feelings of the employees regarding their co-workers, management, responsibilities, and environment. It was cited as the dimension responsible for the perce
Enterprise information systems (EIS) is a collective term for various technologies that are implemented in a business organization in order to manage its clients and resources, control processes, and ensure quality. As a member of the IT department, I was hired and put in charge of a project to address issues of significant concern, in an effort to improve the situation. While every EIS is different and outfitted to the needs of particular organizations, they tend to have similar issues, which need to be assessed for improvement. The first issue to concern oneself with is whether the existing EIS is meeting the business’s organizational needs. EIS is used to provide information upon which decisions are made (Shishkov, 2020). If the data provided is insufficient, is untrustworthy, or takes too much time and effort to access, then EIS is in need of improvement (Shishkov, 2020). I would first conduct an in-depth review of the employees’ work processes and opinions to learn if EIS is lacking in any of these parameters. The second issue that is prevailing in many businesses is old hardware. Companies often do not invest in technologies that ensure reliability and adaptability, instead opting for cheap and short-lived technologies, which often become obsolete before the warranty runs out (Shishkov, 2020). I would evaluate the physical and functional state of hardware utilized by EIS to see if it needs refitting or replacement. Finally, I would see to integrate new technologies into the existing EIS network. Companies are typically slow to adapt new practices and technologies, relying on what is familiar and withstood the test of time (Shishkov, 2020). While that provides stability in day-to-day operations, it does not lend itself to gaining corporate advantage. I would evaluate the available novel technologies to integrate into the existing EIS in order to improve performance. Reference Shishkov, B. (2020). Designing enterprise information systems . Springer International Publishing.
Natural disasters belong to the most unpredictable catastrophes that have a detrimental impact on people and territories. Hurricanes pose a huge threat to citizens and require lengthy repair works as well as the development of strategies aimed at overcoming the crisis. Hurricane Katrina that hit several regions of the US in 2005 caused some of the greatest losses in the history of the country (Shah, 2005). The Louisiana coastline was one of the most significantly impacted by the hurricane (Office for Coastal Management, n.d.). Breton Sound was the area in Louisiana that was most severely damaged by the storm. The greatest outcome observed was the flooding during several weeks after the hurricane (Office for Coastal Management, n.d.). As a result, a considerable area of wetlands was lost. In less than twelve months, Louisiana lost more than 150 square miles of estuarine emergent marsh. Also, more than 200 square miles of open water appeared due to the aftermath of the hurricane (Office for Coastal Management, n.d.). Since the US had prior experience of managing such disasters, some lessons could have been learned from it. According to research, the response of the government to Hurricane Katrina was not satisfactory (Shah, 2005). Many decisions taken by the officials were criticized. The President George Bush refused to accept aid from some countries based on the US leadership’s dislikes of their leaders. Because of such decisions, as well as due to the untimely arrival to the scene of disaster, the President’s trust rates fell considerably (Shah, 2005). Therefore, I would recommend several strategies that might have been employed in order to minimize the adverse impact of the hurricane on people living in Louisiana. One of the crisis plans in the country’s history the elements of which could be applied after Hurricane Katrina is the Mississippi crisis plan that was developed after the Great Flood of 1993. The first strategy I would borrow from the Mississippi experience and apply after Hurricane Katrina is the project CREST (Community Resources for Education, Support, and Training) (North & Hong, 2000). The CREST was developed to help people cope with the disastrous outcomes of the flood and make their adjustment to the new living conditions easier. The primary aim of the CREST was to expand the communities’ mental health support system through enabling community leaders to arrange an intervention on dealing with the initial crisis (North & Hong, 2000). Also, the CREST provided emotional support during post-disaster period that is the time when professional resources are not available in a sufficient amount. North and Hong (2000) outline the following key aspects of the CREST’s duties:   * people should be offered immediate support;   * the activists should seek for
Introduction Global hegemony is a term mainly used to refer to a state in world affairs in which one nation exercises authority over the others because of a concentration of various powers in the former (Atasoy, 2009). The take-over of global dominance by the United States from Britain after the end of the World War I has revealed that there is one main reason as to why a country can cede supremacy over other nations. This reason is mainly overspending by the nations in power; a phenomenon sometimes known as imperial overstretch. The United States has for a while now been the single most powerful nation in the world. However, as time progresses, other contenders are gradually emerging for the same title with China leading the pack. This paper seeks to analyze the strengths that China has which could well be used to place it in a position of global politico-economic supremacy as well as point out the weaknesses that are pulling back the country in this regard. Aside from this, a brief detailing of an International Relations theoretical framework that can be used to explain China’s ascent into global supremacy shall be provided. China’s Strengths The Chinese economy has been confirmed to have grown ten-fold in the last thirty years and that in the past decade its gross domestic product per capita has doubled. Between 50 and 60 percent of the country’s GDP is taken by the nation’s manufacturing sector and one notable example of this is the steel industry (Vogelmann, 2008). Between 1995 and 2005, China’s production of steel had grown by over 290 tones; a figure which translates to a yearly growth of 39%. Such figures genuinely show that China is well on its way to a complete industrial overhaul. However, for China to rise to the level of making a mark as far as global hegemony is concerned, the impact of its growth has to be substantially appreciated by other nations across the globe. This growth will only make an impact if it is sustainable without sparking conflict between China and other superpowers. China commands a great portion of the world marketplace meaning that it has a substantial say in most monetary issues (Vogelmann, 2008). For instance China recently declined to let its currency appreciate claiming that it wanted to keep its trade balance away from world knowledge. This clearly illustrates that China is not willing to have other nations influence the decisions it makes on financial policies. As the country grows wealthier and in a sense becoming a key player in global economics and politics, its leaders will have to find ways of fostering peaceful relations with other nations, an aspect that will force them to downplay their nationalistic sentiments (Vogelmann, 2008). Another factor that could contribute to China upsetting the United States from global dominance is the sheer size of its military capabilities (Sco
Southwest Airlines significantly differs from other companies in this field by implementing a model, which reduces the expenditures in many aspects and makes flights more affordable to the broad public. In addition, the company aims to develop and improve this strategy in the long run by attracting more passengers to travel without significant costs. Although this model sounds prospective and profitable, other airlines do not adjust their operations to this effective model and do not plan to do it. The reason for it is the fact that these other airlines are intended to serve customers of other income and values. As for Southwest Airlines , its potential clients imply people of low income or people, who are willing to save money on transporting from one point to another (Ren, 2020). Their priority is reaching their destination with the best possible price regardless of conditions, or they will be satisfied with economy class service. However, there are customers, who appreciate comfort, and it appears to be the major value for them. These people may have specific health problems and need additional attention from flight attendants or special conditions. In addition, it may involve celebrities, who adhere to privacy while traveling somewhere. These categories of customers are ready to pay more money in order to fly in comfortable conditions or receive premium service. In other words, companies have a different targeted audience, and for this reason, there is not a necessity to change business models. However, it should be mentioned that Southwest Airlines encounter some risks on the market. Positioning itself as a low-cost option, the company has to maintain an appropriate level of prices in accordance with the prices of competitors (Asahi & Murakami, 2017). Therefore, there is a risk of receiving low revenue or do not have it at all. In addition, Southwest Airlines cannot cancel a flight even though only half of the tickets are sold, which also threatens its profit. As every company during economic crises, Southwest Airlines is highly likely to lose part of its usual revenue, though it may appear to be relatively resistant. During economic hardships, the average income of the population decreases, so they will probably adhere to tickets of low prices. In case some companies attempt to copy Southwest Airlines , the business may win the competition via its authority and stable quality of service (Speta, 2016). Therefore, the company will be prosperous in the long run.
Introduction There are many disasters that occur in the cities which put a strain on the limited resources. It is the duty of every citizen to look for ways to help in the reduction and prevention of the occurrence of such disasters. Many cities make plans to create new developments and to make improvements in infrastructure that is already in existence. Setting up a system of disaster prevention is crucial for effectively dealing with the impediments. Disasters like earthquakes have become a common calamity in many parts of the world including Haiti. This paper describes the obstacles of disaster prevention in major cities, examples of recent earthquake disasters and strategies for addressing barriers. Impediments to disaster prevention There are several obstacles that make it difficult to plan before hand for disasters. Some of these obstacles include political instability, competing developmental priorities and lack of information on mitigation of earthquakes. Due to political instability, polices are not effectively formulated and implemented to have a good prevention system in place. Competing developmental priorities have had negative influence on policy establishments and their proficiency to deal with calamity risk management. Lack of adequate information on earthquakes has led to the inadequate preparedness and prevention of earthquakes . Examples of recent earthquakes Some of the recent earthquake disaster includes the one that occurred in Haiti in 2010. The earthquake killed more than 200,000 people. Casualties reported were 300,000 and over 1,000,000 people were left homeless. The earthquake’s epicenter was only 10 kilometers below the ground which contributed to its severity. In addition, the Kobe Japan earthquake that happened in 1995 destroyed almost 500,000 units of houses and caused severe damage to almost 85% of schools, hospitals and public infrastructure in the region. The facilities of the port took slightly over a year to repair and it took a long time for the highly populated city to resume its normal activities . Strategies for addressing the barriers of earthquake prevention Political instability in different cities can be addressed by establishing stable structural institutions that can formulate sound policies and ensure proper implementation so as prevent or reduce occurrence of disasters. Disaster preparedness can be achieved through proper needs analysis so that priorities are clearly outlined. This will help to set aside funds for prevention plans. Lack of adequate information on preparedness can be addressed through carrying out thorough research and training experts on disaster mitigation . Conclusion It might be difficult to control the happenings of nature especially natural disasters like earthquakes. However, measures can be put in place by governments and its citizens to help in the preparedness and prevention of earthquakes. It is important to provide funds for doing research on earthquakes in order to discover areas that are prone to the calamity. With proper knowledge of earthquake prone areas, preparations can be made to relocate people in order to prevent
Introduction One of the most famous quotes in the works of George Herbert Mead is, “Man lives in a world of meaning”. This quote features in the works of Herbert where he tries to ascertain the validity of man in the natural environment. This paper explores the quote. Of greater importance in the paper is expounding the quote as it relates to man and nature. The paper begins by giving an overview of the quote, followed by a discussion about the validity and applicability of the theory to the socialization aspects of human beings in the environment in which they dwell. Understanding the quote According to Mead, human beings live in a world of perpetual reality where they can see, sense, touch, and respond to changes in the environment. The reaction to what people see and hear is more important than just the aspect of hearing, sensing, testing, and seeing. What makes man a real being is the fact that he can mediate between his senses and make some decisions concerning that which prevails in his environment. This means that man goes far behind the physical sense of existence. Unlike other beings, man responds to the stimuli and can project the possible future changes in the physical stimuli through a thoughtful analysis of the prevailing physical conditions in the environment. Moreover, the actions of man are critical to the exploration of the physical environment to their advantage (enjoyment) or to their disadvantage (disappointment). Man has to balance between the physical realities that are brought out in science and the inner intellect to build a world that is favorable for human existence and survival (Cain 7). The socialization of human beings It is important to begin with an observation that human beings are the most rational creatures. Moreover, human beings are endowed with the capacity and ability to shape the environment around them. The attribute of socialization within the human species can be traced far back in the theories of evolution. This means that the modern man is more social. Therefore, the interaction of man to man and man with the physical environment is an important aspect of socialization. One of the most important things in the socialization of man is the issue of developing capabilities for other people and enabling them to control the physical environment for their well being. In this sense, the cognitive ability of man is put to test when he comes across other people who are incapacitated. The issue of philanthropy, thus, comes into the picture. Based on Mead’s observation, it means that the world does not have to make meaning to man, but man has to make a meaning in the world by inventing solutions to the gaps of living between different people in the society. According to Coon (43),