ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The findings by Katz that the three skills possessed by effective leaders are interpersonal skills, technical skills and conceptual skills, hold true for the most part. Looking at them as a whole presents a formidable formula for effective leadership. However, when taken apart one by one, some deficiencies creep in. In my view, interpersonal skills hold the most sway in an individual’s leadership capacity. All leadership is about people rallying around a person to pursue a vision. The ability to win and sustain the support of people speaks volumes of the leadership capacity of any person. This is the bare minimum in as far as leadership development goes. On this count, Katz was right. We cannot say the same for the second quality identified by Katz. Technical skills play an important role in the development of a leader, but they are not essential in making the leader effective. The argument here is that it is not humanly possible to possess all the technical skills that accomplishing a particular vision will require. The prominence of technical skills diminishes as a person climbs through the ranks until they do not matter anymore. For instance, a general in an army will have foot soldiers and cavalry, and in a modern army setting, an air force. While military prowess will influence promotion along the ranks, it ceases to be significant when he is in charge of the whole army. It is impossible to have been a first rate foot soldier, an accomplished member of the cavalry and a decorated fighter pilot at the same time. In fact, a general does not think as an individual soldier, but thinks strategically. His technical skills as a soldier only inform his thinking and decision making as much as his advisors do. We conclude that the demands of top-level leadership hinge more on interpersonal relationships and conceptual abilities, than on technical skill, unless it is in the lower ranks of leadership. Conceptual skills are indeed crucial for a leader. What attracts people to follow someone is the vision that person present to them. The ability to define direction and to present it to others in a manner that they find it compelling speaks of a great beginning of a leader. While conceptual skills are very crucial at the beginning, a leader must keep on motivating people and keeping them on course towards the attainment of the vision. Leaders constantly analyze their environment to determine the impact of changes in it in order to find ways of meeting emerging challenges and taking advantage of unforeseen opportunities. In conclusion, I agree with Katz on the most part about the necessity of the three skills but they require qualification. The possession of these skills on their own predisposes someone to effective leadership, but is not a guarantee of ending up as an effective leader. There are other skills necessary to be an effective leader. Future leaders will deal with global issues on a more regular basis that the current crop of leaders. The process of globalization has blurred the distinction between local issues and international ones. More uncertainty attends to the cond
In his short story The Hajji Ahmed Essop explores the destructive impact of the apartheid policies on individuals and families. This literary work shows that at the time of social upheavals, a person may either decide to go into exile or be forced into exile by others. Very often such a decision can undermine the ethical integrity of a person. In many cases, people can become alienated or even hostile to one another. This is the main problem that should be discussed in this paper. The author examines this problem by looking at the relations of two brothers Hajji and Karim who have long been separated from each other. Ahmed Essop succeeds in demonstrating that forced exile inevitably harms the emotional life of a person. On the one hand, he/she can be humiliated by others. This person can also become detached from his family and community. More importantly, people, who are separated by the state, can blame each other for betrayal. These are the main issues that are explored in this novella. Overall, Ahmed Essop’s short story is worth attention because it reflects the experiences of many people who lived in South Africa at the time of apartheid and who were affected by this policy. The author attracts the readers’ attention to the point that Hajji and Karim no longer maintain meaningful relations with each other. Hajji does not know much about the life of his brother, and he does not wish to see him. It should be noted that Karim was able to “cross the color line”; in other words, he was able to settle in the area in which only white people were allowed to live (Essop 190). The thing is that he had a lighter skin and he was not viewed as non-white by governmental officials. Thus, he was placed in a more advantageous position by the state. Furthermore, one can even tell that Karim chose to leave the community and family to which he belonged. To some degree, he chose to go into exile, but it is difficult to blame him for this decision, because this character only tried to achieve prosperity. Such a desire is quite understandable. In his turn, Hajji believes that in this way, his brother “severed his family ties” (Essop 190). This is why he did not want to see his brother. One should also speak about Hajjiand his emotional life. It should first be noted that he was forced to live in those areas where only black people were allowed to settle. The author describes the humiliation experienced by this person. In particular, the writer focuses on his encounter with white people in Hillbrow who treat him as inferior. This is why Hajji asks a question, “Was there anything so vile in him that the youths found it necessary to maul that recess of self-respect wit
To open a restaurant in my town, I need to go through the following steps of the strategic retail planning process. First, I have to define the mission of my restaurant, i.e. to develop a statement, which describes the function and advantages of my organization, such as the following. In my restaurant, a customer will be offered high-quality food products prepared in a short period of time with professional staff in a comfortable place with good music. Second, I need to perform the situation audit. This step will include market attractiveness analysis, which is the analysis of my possibilities to receive profit in this market. I have to assess the number of people, who may be interested in visiting my restaurant and the popularity of the restaurants of such kind (with a certain menu, interior design, and music) in this region. On the same step, I should fulfill the competitor analysis, which is the examination of all the restaurant businesses that may be my rivals, their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, the self-analysis is needed: I have to evaluate my personal abilities as a manager and a leader. Next, I should identify the strategic opportunities of my future business, i.e. to find the ways to attract people to my particular type of restaurant. Then, I have to evaluate the strategic alternatives, which requires choosing the ways to secure my restaurant business from severe losses. Since my business is new, I will focus on price to make my restaurant more competitive. Then, I need to establish precise objectives, such as 1) open the restaurant, 2) attract customers, 3) hire professional staff, and allocate resources for these objectives. Finally, I will develop a marketing mix to make my restaurant successful. For the mix, I will introduce the products that are popular within my target market, choose a convenient place for my restaurant to ensure the high number of visits, establish attractive prices, and develop and appropriate advertising policy, making stress on good prices and comfortable atmosphere (Levy et al. 107). Works Cited Levy, Michael, Barton Weitz and Dea Watson. Retailing Management . 4th ed. 2014. Toronto, Canada: McGraw-Hill Ryerson. Print.
In 2012, George Zimmerman fatally shot an African-American student; however, this case quickly gained controversy because of many circumstances. During interrogation at the Sanford Police Station, Zimmerman stated that Martin had attacked him and that is why he had to shoot him in self-defence. In other words, the gunman used the “State Your Ground” law. However, the victim was unarmed, which created a number of heated discussions relating to police brutality. This issue is deeply connected with racist stereotypes and biases that are still present in police work. For instance, this case can be related to the Broken Windows theory because Zimmerman was a policeman who claimed that the victim was dangerous to him. According to the researchers, “at the community level, disorder and crime are usually inextricably linked, in a kind of developmental sequence” (Wilson & Kelling, 1982, p. 2). In other words, in a neighborhood where a broken window has not been repaired, all windows will be broken soon. Therefore, the overall crime rate will grow very quickly. At the sight of even the slightest violation of generally accepted norms, people cease to behave in a civilized manner and also tend to violate rules. It is possible that the factor about the victim’s skin color as well as his gender was “a broken window” for Zimmerman because he chose to harm without any reasonable explanation. As for other controversial police practices, “Stop, Question and Frisk” also relates to this case. Even if a citizen abides the law, in the case where he or she falls under the suspicion of an officer, the citizen will be stopped, interrogated and searched. This law allows the police to conduct such acts without any warrants, witnesses, and even without providing an intelligible explanation. It can be safely assumed that the feeling of impunity that this practice provides also tempted Zimmerman to commit his crime. Reference Wilson, J. Q., & Kelling, G. L. (1982). Broken Windows: The police and neighborhood safety . The Atlantic . Web.
Businesses are among other economic units that ensure sustainability goals are achieved. Scholars define natural capital as “the natural resources and ecosystem services that make all economic activities possible.” Businesses are the major cause of environmental, social and economic problems in the society. Most people perceive businesses to be units that strive to achieve maximum profit at the expense of the society. The central aim of most businesses is profit maximization. However, they forget that their customers have needs that must be addressed. This paper tries to determine whether businesses should be concerned with satisfaction of customers’ needs or profit maximization. Companies should ensure that they cohabitate with the society that host their businesses. With the aim of maximizing profit, firms end up depleting the available natural resources. Almost all businesses have embraced corporate social responsibility as a way of ensuring that they remain competitive in the market. Several businesses that adopt social responsibilities still fail. The best solution to problems facing firms is creation of economic values by applying the shared value approach. The creation of economic value ensures society values are stimulated through proper address of challenges and needs. Growing companies such as Google, IBM and Wal-Mart apply the shared value principles in their business operations. Managers should acquire new knowledge and skills to cope with the principle of shared value. Leaders in the organization should appreciate that the societal needs, improved productivity and profit maximization are the main objectives of a firm. Capitalism is a means of efficiency improvement, job creation, and wealth creation. However, part of capitalism has prevented businesses from concentrating on societal needs. Society needs increase each day as employees and customers expect businesses come to their aid. In the future, businesses should consider adopting value capitalism. A distinction between short-term and long-term goals of a firm is the key to success. This is because to shareholders, wealth maximization is the long-term goal. Managers can only achieve this if they focus on factors such as consumers, suppliers and the public. Implementations of the shared value principle in the organization would ensure that innovation and productivity growth are efficient. A social responsibility action such as hiring a disabled employee initiates a constraint to the firm in the shareholder’s perspective. This is because such a project increases costs and reduces profit of the organization. Firms should aim for minimizing their costs. In this case, social costs such as pollution can be avoided. Policies penalizing firms that exercise pollution of the environment should be adopted. Social and environmental problems are relevant considerations that firms must address. Governments and non-profit making organizations are the major solvers of social problems. Many businesses take up social responsibility pro
I believe that the movie My Own Private Idaho has a controversial potential. On the one hand, it could transform the viewer’s political sensibilities if the person is critical and open to the democratic views. On the other hand, it is capable of provoking the negative feelings solely; thus, contributing to social stigma and homophobic perceptions. The film raises the acute issue of discrimination. One of the main heroes, Mike, faced oppression for his intention to secure the rights of homosexual people politically. He met a strong prejudice due to his sexuality even though it could not affect the capability of a person to function effectively. Generation X has a different culture that could not be accepted by a convinced conservative. Consequently, it would be difficult for a person who has an inflexible mind and attitude to accept and understand the implications of this era or culture. However, in order to comprehend the raised ideas better, it is essential to find more background information about it in the Democracy and Difference because it is a complex movie and the director’s techniques were sometimes hard to follow. It is evident that the film dwells upon the link between person’s sexuality and identity and such associated consequences like common social perceptions. As in the case of Scott, sometimes this paradigm might lead to the creation of a false identity that is, in fact, alien to the person. In addition, the way the movie portrayed the main characters including Bob and the situations it put them through revealed that the subculture could allow them to gain insights into their true nature and identity, which was yet unknown to them; however, each of them lived without being able to find the core. Neverthe
Abstract Coffees from Starbucks Corporation and vehicles offered by Nissan provide every reason why client servicing is essential. These organizations offer perfect and innovative products and services to the global markets. For instance, while coffees tendered are a bit more dear than anticipated, Starbucks coffees are famous for quenching the client thirst with their appealing, rich scent and flavor. Through innovation, creativity and design, Starbucks has managed to add different aromas to its coffees, additional foodstuffs to its menu besides becoming the first in offering internet capabilities in its retail stores. Conversely, Nissan has managed to offer innovative, creative and well-designed autos to the global clients. Thus, the organization meets all the clients’ demands at low cost. Nissan: Manufacturing Organization Nissan was founded by opulent different groups of people. When reflecting on the company’s leadership and the variety of corporate social responsibilities the company undertakes, it is clear that the company is successful from the time it begun. The founder, Nippon Sangyo produced the first Datsun in 1914. In 1935, the company exported the initial vehicles to Australia. After the WWII, the c
Miguel de Unamuno y Jugo was one of the first Spanish writers of the 20 th century, who concentrated on the perspective of a man with his passion, desires, and hope and the world itself. This writer tried to analyze the idea of faith in the society. One of his last works was San Manuel Bueno, Mártir, a novel that represented Unamuno’s thoughts and beliefs. This story is about a parish priest, Don Manuel Bueno, who suddenly loses his faith because of immoral modern world, and the Carballinos, a Spanish family. Angela and Lázaro Carballino, and their mother are attracted by Manuel’s ideas about faith, Christianity, and the life after death. San Manuel Bueno, Mártir may be considered as a kind of tool used by Unamuno to reproduce his own philosophical ideas. The narrator of this story is Angela Carballino. She gets her education outside the village, where her mother lives. The mother is a catholic woman, who tries to teach her daughter about the faith and love to people. In this small village with its lake and magnificent mountains, there is one priest, Don Manuel, who aims at helping people and making them happier and free. By some reasons, Angela is attracted by the village, the priest, and his ideas. One day, her brother, Lázaro, returns to the village. Lázaro is characterized by strong unbelieving in God, faith, and any religion in general. The only purpose of his arrival to the village is to take his mother and sister to the larger, progressive city. However, all his dreams are broke down after his mother’s death. There is one promise that she asks her son to do – to pray for her. Lázaro cannot but keep his promise, that makes him contact with Don Manuel. In a short period of time, Lázaro realizes that Don Manuel does not resemble any other priest he have met before. The idea that there is no life after death is not inherent to priests, this is what makes Don Manuel interesting to Lázaro. The main idea that Don Manuel wants to explain to Lázaro is the following: there is no life after death. However, people should not know this t
National Parks like any other public land offer great opportunities to enjoy outdoor activities and nature by the public. With a rich diversity of animals, ecosystems, plants, caves, archaeological remains, Canyons, and other physical features, the national park usually serves as a great recreational venue where people can experience the natural habitat and challenge themselves. Managing National parks is quite a tedious balancing act. Access to wild and remote places calls for use of specialized off-road vehicles like snowmobiles, Jets skis, four-wheelers, and other off-road vehicles which are used for amusement and recreation. Unfortunately, the use of this type of vehicle has been pointed out as a major cause of wilderness degradation, threatened visitors’ safety, noise and air pollution, and disturbance to natural quietness. There has been a call to stop the use of the off-road vehicle in the National Park to reduce the impacts. While those campaigning against the use of Off-road vehicles may have valid points, the uses of Off-Road Vehicles in the National park have greater benefits that can not be overlooked. Some of the places within Major National have historically been remote environments without any viable means to access them, a good example being the Big Cypress Swamp in Florida, the United States, which for many years has been inaccessible to the general public. Today, thanks to custom-built vehicles like airboats and swamp buggies, recreationists and licensed hunters have been able to transverse with ease the flooded forest and swamps making good use of this land which had been considered wasteland in the past. Even as environmental advocacy groups like Florida Diversity Projects raise concerns about the management of this great reserve, they should not overlook the benefits that innovations by the use of off-road vehicles have brought to this park. Banning the use of off-road vehicles will lender the place inaccessible like in the past, making the place of no or fewer benefits to the residents of Florida. The thrill associated with the use of Off-Road Vehicle like dirt bikes in the National park is a major attraction to many children. Lack of exposure to such experience makes many children get hooked up to Videos and computer games which involve limited mental and physical activities. The rise in childhood obesity and reduced life expectancy has been attributed by scientists to a lack of physical exercise. Changing children’s lifestyles by exposing them to adventurous experiences in the national park through the use of Off-Road Vehicles can greatly reduce obesity cases in many households as they will derive mental and physical benefits. At the same time, the children connect to their environment and learn the need to conserve the ecosystem. Off road, vehicles have been blamed on the pollution in the national park. The solution to pollution may not be found by banning Off-Road Vehicles in the National Park but by finding viable solutions to address the specific aspects of pollution by all stakeholders. Manufacturers of off-road vehicles should work ha
HPI and Comorbid Conditions The patient is a 38 year old female who has MDD (Major Depressive Disorder). The issues that encouraged her to seek help included hypoactivity, sadness for no obvious reason, and auditory hallucinations that used to vary from mild to moderate (Papakostas, 2014). The diagnosis is supported by these signs. Following a thorough examination, the patient was diagnosed with MDD. The patient’s diagnosis was determined two months ago, and her mental condition has improved due to medications and therapy. The patient highlights that she does not have hallucinations anymore; nevertheless, she still has mood swings from time to time (primarily in stressful situations). Comorbid conditions include mood instability, irritability, and headaches. Psychosocial Assessment Being a Latin American woman, the patient belongs to a vulnerable group. In terms of her language identity, the patient speaks both English and Spanish. She is married to an African American man and acknowledges that their interpersonal problems have contributed to her condition. The patient has a master’s degree in education, and she claims to be stressed on a daily basis since she works with troubled children. She denies using alcohol and illegal drugs. However, she had problems with alcohol in her early twenties, but she managed to sign off drinking without professional help. The patient was born in a poor family, which explains her strong motivation to receive a degree. Another stress factor is her son’s health issues. As for the spiritual needs, the woman identifies herself as a Christian but neglects common religious practices. Psychiatric Treatment History and Medications Prior to being diagnosed with MDD, the patient did not have significant mental health issues and never needed professional help. In March, the client was examined by mental health specialists from our agency, and she was provided with treatment recommendations. In order to improve her performance at the workplace, pharmaceutical treatment was required. Given the character of her symptoms, the prescribed medications included antidepressants with stimulant qualities such as Bupropion and Fluoxetine. The patient was not prescribed antipsychotic drugs since the core reason for her hallucinations was sleep deprivation due to overtime working (Waters, Blom, Jardri, Hugdahl, & Sommer, 2018). The woman is still taking the above-mentioned antidepressants. As for nonprescription drugs, the client uses Ibuprofen and Naproxen to manage dysmenorrhea. Mental Status Examination and Risk Assessment The client looks anxious and seems to have a low BMI. She demonstrates rapport and answers all questions in a detailed manner. No significant abnormalities of activity. There are signs of affective flattening, and the patient has certain difficulties in describing her mood. The speech is loud and instable in tempo, whereas thoughts are clear and logical. The client’s perception is normal; there are no hallucinations. She is well-oriented and