ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction There has been “no definitive treatment strategy for alcohol-related intervention with homeless individuals” (Orwin, Garrison-Mogren, Jacobs, and Sonnefeld, 1999). Some of the most successful interventions or programs to help homeless individuals with alcohol and substance abuse include the following:   * Providing both mental health and substance abuse services   * Enabling ease of gaining access to helpful programs and controlling transitions   * Ensuring intensive case management   * Encouraging recreational programs   * Providing shelter and transitional housing at the end of treatment   * Retaining homeless persons in treatment programs Some of the treatment modalities include the following. Motivational interviewing This program aims to help alcohol and substance users by moving them from the stages of “pre-contemplation to contemplation, and then to determination, action, and maintenance” (NIAAA, 2005). The idea is to motivate such individuals to change. Outreach This is the initial stage of contacting homeless persons. NIAAA notes that this program requires constant contact with homeless persons under care (NIAAA, 2005). Intensive case management This program aims to reduce consumption of alcohol and other substances, enhance residential stability of the client, and improve economic or employment status of the homeless individual with alcohol and substance abuse problems. Transitional and supportive housing Care providers bring interventions to individuals in transitional or supportive housing. Stabilization Programs or Therapeutic Communities This aims at creating a safe and substance-free environment for homeless persons in emergency centers. Therapeutic community approach relies on other homeless individuals under recovery programs to provide support networks to other members. Goals The primary goals of these programs are to help homeless individuals seek and gain access to alcohol and substance abuse interventions for long-term benefits. As a result, the focus has been on the following areas.   * Understanding the extent of addiction and concentrate on intervention and treatment programs   * Understanding various treatments and interventions available that can reduce alcohol and substance dependency   * Understanding care providers, appropriate interventions and treatments for various addicts   * Creating substance-free environments by providing shelter, transitional housing, support services, and enhancing employment status   * Educating homeless individuals on the danger of alcohol and substance abuse Outcomes Outcomes of these programs depend on multiple factors. Outreach program requires constant contact with homeless individuals. A study showed that only three cases were successful from 24 participants (NIAAA, 2005). Survey results show that intensive case management works well when all required services are available. Most homeless individuals also experience challenges when making transitions from shelters to apartments. Therefore, such persons nee
Television is now playing an important role in people’s lives. At present, people can hardly imagine their lives without numerous products of the industry. However, the 1950-60s was the period that can be regarded as the dawn of television. Notably, many products created back then are still seen as exemplary. Thus, such sitcoms as The Andy Griffith Show and I Love Lucy are still popular among Americans even though they aired more than fifty years ago. It is necessary to note that the two sitcoms have lots of things in common but there are also certain differences. Interestingly, the similarities have become conventions and standards in the industry. One of characteristic features of the two sitcoms is that they have audience reaction as a background. This is still one of major peculiarities of any sitcom. Both TV series are light family comedies. This genre has been popular among people from all over the world. Viewers love watching funny episodes and laugh at good jokes. The telefilms in question are very light and help the viewer relax and forget about or even laugh at certain problems. Thus, entertaining aspect of the telefilms is one of central peculiarities of a sitcom. It is necessary to note that another similarity is some of major features of the telefilms’ characters. The characters are funny, light-hearted and witty. They find themselves in funny or awkward situations and they always try to find the best way out. Importantly, the characters are ordinary Americans who live their lives. For instance, Andy Griffith tries to do his job well and be a good father as well as a good friend (“Andy Griffith Show Pilot”). In an episode of I Love Lucy , Lucy is in a restaurant in Hollywood and she finds herself in numerous awkward situations when she sees celebrities (“I Love Lucy Season 4”). Viewers can recognize themselves in those characters and this made Lucy and Andy so popular. Another remarkable similarity between the two sitcoms, which became essential for any contemporary TV series, is the opening theme song (Mittell 207). The songs of the two sitcoms in question became well known and were associated with them. Importantly, all TV series now have a recognizable opening theme song. This contributes to the increase of a sitcom’s popularity as it becomes more recognizable. It is possible to note that the opening theme song can be regarded as a card just like central characters. As has been mentioned above, the two TV series also have certain differences. As for the filming style, the two sitcoms are characterized by different approaches. I Love Lucy is a conventional sitcom, in this respect. The vast majority of sitcoms have been single-camera telefilms. This enables the filmmakers to create a sp
Names are supposed to reflect and crystallize the most prominent qualities of generations to which they are ascribed. Yet, they can be limiting and narrow down historical understanding of a specific period. Fisher (2020) states apropos of the subject that “generational names are largely the creations of social scientists and market researchers” (7). Sometimes they are a product of pop-culture, alteration in the population, historical occurrence, or even a mere change in the calendar (Fisher 2020). Nevertheless, generational names potentially help build group identity for people born roughly during the same time. Being born at the dawn of a new millennium, the current twenty-thirty-year-old received their generational name because of this one coincidence. Although many characteristics are attributed to this generation, such as technological proficiency, autonomy, individualism, and focus on achievements, their link to the name itself seems rather feeble (Olsson et al. 2020). The rapid advancement of the technology that occurred around the beginning of two-thousandths became a prominent marker of the period, creating associations between time, the people born during, and the name. It is logical to assume that millennials might have a lot in common among themselves and less in common with baby boomers, for instance. One such example would be the rise of private transportation usage documented over the last decades and the increased need for autonomy among millennials (Olsson et al. 2020). Still, the generational name itself does not reflect these particularities – they are propagated by media discourse and become associated with the name over time. Generational names can serve as a useful tool to establish one’s identity and relate to peers based on some characteristics. Nonetheless, they are often arbitrary and cannot reflect historical, social, and economic circumstances that potentially render each generation unique. Moreover, while some names manage to capture the perceived essence of a period (The Silent Generation), others rely on the turn of a calendar (Millennials). Works Cited Fisher, Peter. “Generational Replacement and the Impending Transformation of the American Electorat.” Politics & Policy , 2020, pp. 1–31. Olsson, Lars, et al. “Travel and Life Satisfaction – From Gen Z to the Silent Generation.” Journal of Transport & Health , vol. 18, 2020, pp. 1–15.
Introduction Background to the study Investment plays a significant role in the economic growth of a particular country. This is due to the fact that it stimulates innovation and enhances competition. Amongst the areas that governments should focus in their quest to stimulate economic growth includes the small and medium enterprises (SMEs). One of the ways through which this can be achieved is by ensuring that entrepreneurs access the finances needed for investment ( Business Innovation and Skill 2012). Financing is an important element in the success of SMEs. This is due to the fact that it enables entrepreneurs to start-up businesses, develop new products and invest in human resource development. It is estimated that there were approximately 4.5 million SMEs in the UK by the end of 2011. This represents 99.9% of all the business establishments in the country. During the same year, the SMEs accounted for 50% of the total private sector turnover. This highlights the importance of the SMEs in the country’s economic growth. Despite the significance of SMEs in the UK economic growth, entrepreneurs face numerous challenges. One of the major issues faced relate to inability to raise the finance that they require to fund their investment. As a result, the SMEs ability to attain their growth potential is adversely affected. Findings of a survey conducted by Kerr and Nanda (2009) reveal that accessing adequate finance is one of the greatest hurdles that entrepreneurs face. These findings are further emphasized by a survey conducted by ICAEW. The survey shows that SMEs in the UK were not able to raise the capital that they need in 2012. However, entrepreneurs are optimistic that this trend will change in the near future. Kerr and Nanda (2009) argue that inability to raise the
Introduction A meeting of Buddhist monks and nuns from different cultures and different histories has been called to discuss and debate the ideal form of the shrine: its overall design and imagery. This paper shall present a discussion that entail detailed consideration of the design of the new Buddhist Shrine in Japan of which all stakeholders shall have an input. This will be done in a feature news story format as if I am a design and architecture magazine writer. It will include location, types of imagery, style, materials, size and scale, function, among other visual factors The News Feature Story in a Magazine In a recently held meeting of Buddhist nuns and monks for the planned new shrine to be built in one of Japan’s islands, new suggestions and considerations has been proposed as to the design, location, types of imagery, style, materials, size and scale, function, among other visual factors. Most basic of consideration has been the location which was agreed to be in the island of Kyushu, Japan. The attendees of the discussion laid down a lot of historical considerations for the new complex to be built. Foremost was that Buddhist temples are built dedicated to worshipping Buddha. It was planned that so much like every Buddhist compound with several buildings for the purpose of housing monks or nuns. History indicates that by the eight century, each compound basically consisted of seven buildings: the pagoda, main hall, lecture hall, bell tower, repository for sutras, dormitory, and dining hall. Usually surrounding the compound was a wall made from earth that had gates on each side. It has been proposed and agreed that the main hall in the compound will hold the most prominent object of worship. The lecture hall will be used by monks for study, instruction or for rituals, and will be the largest building. Two predominate tower styles include one in which canonical writings will be stored and another to be used to announce the time of religious observance every day. The pagoda will be in the middle of the compound and will hold sacred relics, the main objects of worship. The Indian monk Gandahura suggested that the stupa would be needed as a characteristic monument of Buddhism. He discussed that stupas were originally mounds covering the relics of the Buddha or his followers. Buddhist art in its early stage did not represent the Buddha directly but his presence was alluded to through symbols such as the bo tree, the wheel of law or his footprint. The stupa became a symbol of the Buddha, of his final release from the cycle of birth and rebirth — the Parinirvana or the “Final Dying,” the monk explained. However, Gandahura added that the stupa is also a cosmic symbol with its hemispherical shape represents the world. Stupas usually rest on a square pedestal and are carefully aligned with the four cardinal points of the compass, a recurrence of the symbolism of the dome whereby Earth supports Heaven and Heaven covers Earth. The axis of the world is always represented in the stupa, rising above its
Introduction The history of cultures is as old as human existence and generally involves the values of a community, society, or a group of people living or working together. People’s way of interpreting issues including verbal and non-verbal communication signals or body language, events, dressing modes, and general lifestyles lead to creation of a particular cultural pattern of a specific community or social set up. These similar attributes of a particular lifestyle to a specific community or group of people contribute to the cultural identity of that community. People with the same cultural identity interpret experiences the same, behave the same, lead a similar lifestyle, and understand the world from a similar point of view. However, cultural identities differ from one community to another and from country to the other. With little knowledge on the cultural differences, one can easily assume some conventions, notions, and taboos and interpret them differently not knowing that different values mean different things across different cultures. In cases where one culture assumes other cultures, then cultural biasness hulks which in most cases causes adverse effects including frustration even in public. Cultural differences also are of importance in the business world; for instance, during or after business negotiation, a handshake may signify different things in different cultures. In some cultures, it may mean a deal has been sealed or an agreement reached while others may interpret it as the start of serious negotiations. The secret life of bees The aspects of cultural differences remain of great importance to the peaceful coexistence of different people of the world, good business performances, healthy families and good relationships. Many films and movies together with many volumes of books seeking to exemplify the importance of upholding and acknowledging the diversity of cultural differences focus on bring out the cultural factors and dimensions of cultural patterns across different communities and societies. One of the many films of such calibre is “The secret life of bees.” This film contains a story of Lily, a fourteen-year-old girl and the setting of the story is South Carolina in 1964 directed by Gina Prince-Bythewood. The story entirely revolves around the lives of Lily, her caregiver Rosaleen, and her father T. Ray. Lily’s mother dies when Lily is just four y
Introduction Regulators, investors, tax authorities, and lenders are concerned differently with the performances of corporations. Over a period of time certain parameters have been developed that provide more or less useful and necessary information to almost all of the stated concerned sections. These generalized parameters have been used to assess the performance of ‘Johnson Matthey Plc.’, a listed company with London Stock Exchange. To pride an extra edge to the assessment figures of published accounts of ‘Teijin Ltd.’, also listed companies with LSE, have been used. JMP is a leader in catalysts for the generation of hydrogen and a strong position in other technologies. Both the companies are in the same ‘Chemical’ sectors. The performance assessment follows as under: Profitability Analysis Ratio analysis is used to analyze the Profitability performance of Johnson Matthey Plc.(JMP). The ratios used are Net Margins, Return on assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE). Net margins of JMP in 2007 have been reduced to 3.05 when compared to 3.34 in 2006. However, year 2005 witnessed as low as 2.88. The reason for decline in 2007 is the huge stride taken by JMC in revenue enhancement. Revenue increased by 34.5% when compared to 2006 and reduction in net margins for 2007 are natural effects of such increase. JMP is utilizing its assets in a very effective manner. ROA has gone up to 8.98 in 2007 from 7.05 in 2006, and this is certainly is a great achievement despite the fact that there were depletion of fixed assets to the tune of 74.9m during the year. JMP is performing very well on account of its return on equities. ROE has gone up to 19.15 in 2007 from 14.49 in 2006 and 12.31 in 2005. This is certainly a progressive approach with well planned strategy. It appears the planning is with an eye on next issue of JMP. Comparative data of another company in the industry, namely Teijin Ltd. for the year 2007 are Net margins (5.37), ROA (5.43), and ROE (10.32). This shows that even in the industry JMP is performing better than giant Teijin ltd.when comparison is made on account of total assets and total equity at the disposal of each company. On all these three counts of profitability, JMP is performing fairly well in the industry. Efficiency The ratios chosen to assess the efficiency into the working of JMP are Gross Profit, inventory turnover, and assets turnover. Gross Profits margins measures the percentage of each pound or dollar of sales remaining after the cost of goods sold. Gross profit covers other overheads and contributes towards net margins. JMP’s gross margin performance is not as bright as it should have been considering the net margins of others in the industry. The gross margin in 2007 is 7.12% of sales, whereas the other leading organization Teijin Ltd. is earning a gross profit ratio of 25.63%. Of course, no direct comparison is possible unless product line is absolutely similar i
His Excellency, Dr. Majid Al Fayyadh. Chief Executive Officer. King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre. Having opened in 1975, the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research (KFSH&RC) has been doing its best in terms of adhering to the values defined by the facility: accountability, patient-centric, safety, excellence, and collaboration. The successful integration of the educational process and research into the healthcare setting has contributed to the facility’s worldwide recognition. Moreover, the model introduced by KFSH&RC has now been serving as an example for healthcare patterns all over the world for almost a century. In a rapidly changing paradigm of healthcare digitalization, it is of crucial importance to set targets that would comply with people’s expectations of the healthcare system worldwide. All Committed to Improve became a radar able to show the ambitious, yet tangible goals professionals are to follow. As you will read in this report, some of the major modifications taken place in 2019 included introducing a revolutionary approach to diagnostics, as well as the introduction of both cost and quality-efficient tools for future integration in the healthcare optimization process. I would like to thank Dr. Mohammed Alotaibi, Deputy Chief Executive officer, Healthcare Delivery, Riyadh, and Dr. Mallawi, Chief Operating Officer-Jeddah, for their thoughtful guidance and ability to develop the culture of collaboration and innovative spirit within the team, making our 2019 ambitions a measurable achievement. I would also like to thank Ms. Nada Alharbi, Director of Quality Management-Riyadh, Ms. Shorouq Zakariya, Director of Quality Management-Jeddah, and the entire Quality Management Department for their exceptional contribution to the innovation prices and effective management of the executive team. The favorable outcome of All Committed to Improve could only be achieved through the meaningful participation of the KFSH&RC staff; their achievements are displayed in the course of the following report, and their contributions make a significant difference to the lives of the patients and families under our supervision. Seeing everything we managed to achieve as a team gives me inspiration and a firm desire to reach even higher in the nearest future. When thinking about our future accomplishments, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre should bear in mind the importance of promoting an innovative spirit both within the cooperation with fellow practitioners and patients. The residents, by all means, deserve the best possible care and treatment patterns; thus, we are to pool our efforts to maintain the standards we have set for our clients and colleagues. United, we will pursue building our reputation and excellence while creating a framework that would benefit the generations to come. Sincerely, Majid Al Fayyadh, MD, MMM Chief Executive Officer. Dr. Mohammed Alotaibi. Deputy Chief Executive officer, Healthcare Delivery- Riyadh. King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre were established by its founders to pursue the idea of constant im
Introduction Although apparently quite different in sophistication and complexity as pieces of art, the Man, Symbol of St. Matthew , from the Book of Durrow and St. Matthew from the Codex Colbertinus share a common origin in intense faith. These two images of portray the same religious figure from three hundred years apart. They reveal the same devotion to the scripture and the faith that inspired them. Both use the best techniques available to them to glorify and invest with meaning and seriousness the role a