ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Despite the high frequency of cheating at schools and students’ perception of this act as ‘victimless,’ there are multiple serious consequences of academic dishonesty. In the workplace, a person cannot apply the skills that they have not learned in the first place, which leads to occupational incompetence (Cascio, 2018). Cheating also leads to corrupted morals since students begin to cheat more frequently and try to rationalize their dishonesty. Another long-term effect of cheating is the student’s inability to move forward academically. Disciplinary records are often transferred together with the grades, and instances of cheating may serve as a discredit for students applying for a graduate degree or a faculty position. Academic dishonesty also affects personal relationships since friends and family can begin to question one’s honesty outside the classroom. Reference Cascio, C. (2018). How will cheating in school affect the rest of your life? The Classroom. Web.
Introduction The agriculture and economy in Afghanistan was being destroyed and its people were starving due to lack of food and an effective economy. This was backed by a lack of education and rule of the Islami law of ‘shriyat’ imposed by the Taliban rule. There was mass production of opium and this crop was exchanged with other countries in return for weapons while the people in absence of food died of starvation or joined the Taliban. Then the incident of 9/11 took place. A mass military operation was mobilized. It concentrated on amending the country’s infrastructures, re-establishing law and order in the country and helping the people in creating a proper government. This was called Operation Enduring Freedom. On the other hand, Iraqi operation had the biggest special operation forces since the great Vietnam War in the last century. A significant number of special operation forces were present in northern Iraq, where they worked alongside the Kurdish fighters to end the reign of Saddam Hussein. This was Operation Iraqi Freedom. In southern Iraq, these special operation forces helped the conventional forces in their work. However, it was to be seen whether the US army was unprepared for both the occasions. It has been said for some time that the US military department is not yet ready in case there is a disastrous assault on the country. Some reports say that they do not even have the proper training or equipment required to handle such situations. Very few army units are completely combat-ready, and are prepared to go into warfare. The army commanders have been criticized as it has been said that they have not properly developed thorough response plans to be used when their homeland is under attack. (Hiro, 2004) It has been argued that the Pentagon should make the National Guards and the Reserves a fundamental part of the US military department. They have been under-funded and over-tasked for a long time and need the resources to train using modern day equipments so that they can carry out serious missions. It has been recommended that the US defense department should utilize USA’s citizen soldiers in order to make a complete operational force, which is fully equipped, trained and very ready to fight for the nation in case of a crisis and as a result help the active troops in the mission. (Baum, 2004) Nevertheless, the central allegation is that the U.S. Military is Unprepared at the Outbreak of Hostilities. However, a close look at the development would definitely show that the allegation is the result of blowing the issue out of proportion and there should be no reason the US force, or the NCOs, be held responsible. But this cannot overshadow the fact that the army was unprepared for the operations. The two operations, Operation Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom would prove this allegation right. Operation Enduring Freedom After September 11, 2001, subsequent to the attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon bracing up its defenses against i
Virginia Sexton Staudt 1916-1997 Sexton Staudt Virginia passed away on May 24 1997 in Ohio, Cincinnati. Even though her death became unexpectedly and abruptly, she was in poor health for over seven years. Virginia was widely recognized mainly as a psychology historian and most of the writings she left behind assisted in establishing the course for later contributions in the field and subject of psychology. However, Virginia worked in various field of psychology and generated far fetching influence, which extended to both the international and local levels. Virginia made major contributions in fields such as the psychology of religion, humanistic psychology, international psychology, and women issues. Besides, Virginia was a renowned teacher, mentor, organizational leader, and textbooks writer (Hogan, 1988). Kathryn Burkard and Philip Staudt were the parents of Sexton Virginia who was born on 30 Aug 1916 in the city of New York. In a family of four children, Virginia was the forth born where just two kids managed to survive the infancy stage. In the fiscal 1936, Virginia was awarded a degree in Bachelor of Science from the Hunters College where she studied classics and was later selected to join Phi Beta Kappa. Virginia originally intended to lecture high school students on classics although very few chances were vacant to be occupied by the nineteen-year-old college graduate. During this time, the nation reached the highest peak in the eco
Introduction Maintenance of data security in banks is vital. Agency’s Disaster & Recovery/Business Continuity Plan is needed to proceed with this process. This plan allows some parts of the business to continue operating without interruptions to the customers. CSIA 485 case study presents the failure in ensuring data safety with regard to handling of storage tapes. The system in use limits on accountability and credibility of data security. The plan which is used in CSIA 485 involves the development of information security policy, standard backup procedures, network design, information detection systems and various encryption methods. In the case of CSIA 485, there was a failure in system update. Such an incident was caused by some technical issues, which shows that the participants of the critical plan did not have adequate training on the means of using DRBCPs (National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2009). The IT problem the company faces is rooted in the sever inefficiency that can be mitigated through efficient upgrading of the bank data systems. Capabilities Servers have different designs that function to provide for networking, cooling, management, interconnection and dynamism in data management and control. Servers help in consolidation of data and software for effective management, security and sharing within the bank. This allows for moving of data, files, software and digital assets from laptops, desktops and mobile devices for central management and storage for the reduction of risks and costs. The shift is a vulnerable process since the bank intends to maintain process continuity as it upgrades the systems without disrupting services to customers. Through adequate training on the use of the DRBC systems, users learn the best ways of confidential sharing of information within the bank. The technology shows security aspects relevant to the needs of Bank Solutions, Inc, which will allow for the development of standards of information security policy, backup procedures, network designs, information detection systems, and various encryption methods among others. The system assures reliability through central monitoring and ensures efficiency in system updating (Kim & Solomon, 2011). The disadvantage of this system is that upgrading can make some of the bank employees in the decentralized data centers lose their jobs. Such a situation can lead to resistance from the staff members. Centralization reduces the responsibilities of staffs due to data centers. However, overworking server maintainers can cause delays in acquisition of authorization for access in critical times. Cost The costs associated with the setup of a secure server infrastructure involve acquisition, setting up and ongoing costs. Acquisition costs involve the acquiring of software and hardware necessary for the setting up o
An argument for diversification of the business that will be presented to the board of directors or business investors Most entities are often caught in a dilemma on whether to bet on other business ventures, so as, to generate growth. While every business should have a core area that it performs best, it is essential for a business to diversify. Furthermore, the entity should diversify its businesses so as to benefit from the fast-changing world markets and technologies. Although, when an entity concentrates on the core business, it is able to generate more products and services. Laying more focus on one business venture beyond a point is sometimes a risky decision. Indeed, most existing companies diversify their businesses. It is rare to find an entity that focuses on a sole business venture. Through diversification, the entity will be in a better position to enjoy vast economies of scale by engaging in global promotion activities, which may enable the company to improve its production. Consequently, there is a need to expand as the prevailing local market is sheer and saturated. A strategy for diversification indicating the products and industries for the diversification There are numerous growth alternatives that are available to the business. The business can expand through more investments into the markets, advanced product development, or business diversification (Ansoff, 2011). Accordingly, the entity should also be in a position to counter the risks associated with the expansion of the business. This is because as the company expands there are some perils related to entering into new related or unrelated business. These uncertainties should be weighed against the benefits it presents. There are many entities that have missed substantial opportunities by not engaging in new ventures. The firm should seize opportunities in related products and services into the existing line of business. This can be well achieved through the acquisition of competitors or investing in the development of new products. Here, the firm will acquire more synergies from sharing common business resources, such as distribution, brands, product research and development facilities. Consequently, according to Ansoff (2011), there are those synergies that accrue from the ability to utilize common management abilities in different businesses. The foreign market that the company should enter and discuss the strategy it should use to enter the market Expansion into foreign markets is the regional breadth of an organization’s international existence. International diversification provides an indication of an entity’s level of interdependence on foreign markets. Moreover, diversification often relates to a transformation in the characteristics of an entity’s product line and market. Accordingly, diversification strategies involve key issues, such
Salvador Dali is a key figure in surrealist movement creating innovative approaches to art and artistic techniques. The unfitness and significance of this artist is that Dali made a great contribution to painting, sculpture, graphic and design, created new methods and techniques, new vision of reality and the world. The most popular self portrays are: “ Self-portrait ” by teenage Dalí (1921), Self-portrait in the Studio (1921), Self Portrait with L’Humanite and Cubist Self Portrait with La Publicitat (1923), Self –Portrait with with Raphaelesque Neck (1921-1922) (see Appendix). His self-portraits can be seen as a unique part of his heritage reflecting ideas of personal self and self-identity, perception of the world and his genius. The uniqueness and remarkable feature of his self-portraits is that Dali portrays himself in different images and through different lens underlining his unique personality and complex nature. From the historical point of view, the early 20th century was a period of tumultuous change 1 . The First World War and the Russian Revolution profoundly altered people’s understanding of their worlds. The discoveries of Freud and Einstein, and the technological innovations of the Machine Age, radically transformed human awareness. Dalí’s flamboyant showmanship, emblematized by his famous upturned moustache, is notorious, but the Dalí phenomenon warrants further attention precisely because students of modernism find the artist’s self-promotion s
Several aspects defined variable Catholic experiences under the Roman Papal throne. In 1215 C.E., all Catholics followed Seven Sacraments from birth to death to come to salvation with the blessing of the Church. Scholasticism aimed to combine reason and faith focusing on the classical works of Aristotle and Plato. Mysticism proclaimed that the union with God was possible only through personal development and transition from self-love to self-knowledge. Hildegard of Bingen was one of the most famous representatives of mysticism. She wrote morality plays about the spiritual journeys of human souls from the sins of life to the Devil and then to Heaven. These stories aimed to teach common people that only their deeds and service in the Church matter in their afterlife. Monasticism underlined the need for seclusion. The spiritual journey reappears in the Divine Comedy by Dante Alighieri. His vision of the human afterlife defined the Catholic view of the spiritual world until the Reformation. As in numerous morality plays, various companions lead the main protagonist in his journey, but Dante’s characters are historical figures unlike Virtues in the works of Hildegard. Dante defines the value of love and faith in God to be greater than service in the Church.
Introduction It has long been noticed that particular title choices of legislative documents can significantly affect the minds of citizens and, thus, be used as a marketing tool. For instance, Doctor maintains that lawmakers spend substantial time formulating catchy names and acronyms for their bills, such as the USA PATRIOT Act. Although using this strategy to promote one’s views does not contradict the moral or legal foundations of U.S. society, the abusive application of legislative titles as acts of propaganda should be condemned. In this regard, the current essay seeks to analyze the bill HB16 introduced in Texas State Legislature. It is argued that this document primarily intends to discredit abortion among the citizens rather than to serve as law and, therefore, is sexist in nature. The Bill Summary The bill HB16 was filed by the Republican Jeff Leach on March 7, 2019, and became a law on September 1, 2019. Titled as “Texas Born-Alive Infant Protection Act,” the document seeks to protect the rights for the life of children that survived the abortion. It states that a “physician-patient relationship is established between a child born alive after an abortion and the physician who…attempted to perform the abortion” (Texas Born-Alive Infant Protection Act 2019 (TX), sub-s. (c)). Therefore, according to the bill if a medical professional fails to take the necessary steps to ensure the life and safety of a newborn, he/she should bear the legal consequences. The latter includes imprisonment and a civil penalty of no less than $100,000 (Born-Alive Infant Protection Act 2019 (TX)). On the other hand, mothers that attempted abortion are not liable to any punishment under this document. The Bill’s Real Purpose In my opinion, the bill HB16 may have a far-reaching negative impact on the local society. It is not only sexist as it further stigmatizes abortion and alienates women from their rights but also intensifies the conflict between people of opposite views. Moreover, the existence of such laws indicates that Texas should have more female lawmakers to represent the demands and rights of both sexes adequately. At first glance, the bill HB16 can be considered practical and beneficial. Indeed, many people would agree that if a baby is born alive due to a failed abortion attempt, he/she should be granted similar protections as any other human being. However, the deeper analysis reveals zero reported cases of children that survived the abortion attempt (Mekelburg). Also, Novack argues that federal laws already ensure the protection of any newborn regardless of how and when the baby was born. Therefore, the necessity of such a bill as HB16 is at least questionable. Next, to further clarify the real purpose of the aforementioned document, it is suggested to discuss the Texas legal background. The Lone Star State is considered to have one of the most restrictive measures of abortion in the country (Liptak et al.). Such a condition is explained partly by the local culture and partl
The movie Get Out is extraordinarily symbolic and contains memorable and powerful imagery. For centuries, African Americans were enslaved, mistreated, and made to work as servants and laborers in fields. They became free people after years of struggle, but the separation of race and discrimination persist. I have been living in the United States for three years and have seen many examples of injustice among citizens both via social media and offline. I have not been through it myself, and I would not wish it on anybody. Americans of all races have been subjected to police violence, but police brutality against African Americans became more frequent for a variety of reasons. It existed for a long time but could not always be proven. Now, with technological innovation, people are able to protect themselves by using their phone cameras. This essay will discuss the movie Get Out and its symbolism, including the use of cameras, contrasting colors, and a silver spoon. The use of cameras is a prominent symbol in Get Out . The protagonist, Chris, a professional photographer, uses the camera flash to snap people out of their brainwashed state. For example, when taking a picture of Andre, a black man, who, in fact, is possessed by an elderly white person, Chris notes a bizarre, hysterical reaction, which others explain as a seizure (Peele). The flash brought Logan to the surface of his consciousness and regains temporary control of his body (Peele). It can be viewed as a reference to show how many police brutality incidents against minorities would go unheard of if not for cameras and phones. In the movie, the camera flash is an instrument that helped people “see the light” about the unnoticed injustice. Overall, the phone camera can be a weapon in the fight against racial discrimination and prejudice. Different colors are also symbolically used throughout Get Out to convey various ideas. For example, red is very noticeable in the party scenes of the movie as all guests wear a red piece of clothing. Thus, there are many women among visitors with red dresses on and men with red ties. Rose, Chris’s girlfriend, who lured him out to her family home, wears a jumper with red and white stripes (Peele). Red can be viewed as the color of blood and danger, as it is only worn by the people who are bidding on Chris’s body. Meanwhile, Chris and Andre, the victims, wear blue and brown clothing. The colors are used to oppose the “hunters” from their prey and to warn the viewers that the partygoers cannot be trusted. In addition, white is used in the scene when Rose is eating cereal while searching for the next victims. Dressed in all white, she
Physical Layer Physical layer This is the first layer in the OSI model. It refers to a layer that outlines electrical devices along with their design characteristics. Its main function is to outline links, which lie between transmission media and devices. These transmission means include optical cables as well as copper, among others (Spurgeon 156). In the recent past, this layer has been closely linked with the Data Link layer, even though it emphasizes interaction that exists between a medium and a single device. The devices include voltage cables, pin-layout, repeaters, and adapters that may be utilized in networking, among others. As has been stated above, the physical layer links a medium with a single device. In addition, the Physical layer is considered as the lowest of all. The physical layer performs several functions namely, establishment as well as the termination of links between communication media. This helps in allowing communication between devices in the physical layer. The physical layer also performs other functions that include defining hardware specifications, signaling as well as encoding, among others. In addition, the Physical layer conducts the transmission of data as well as its reception. It is quite important to note that the physical layer forms the main domain for network designs that relate to hardware. This is sometimes known as topology and design. In essence, the physical layer deals with issues that entail the defining of connectors, network interface, among other hardware devices. In addition, it transforms into signals, data, which is in bits. Essentially, the physical layer is usually abbreviated as “PHY” and is considered important because of its functions. Moreover, Data can only be physically moved via network interface through a physical layer (Kozierok 1). The physical and logical circuits in networking Physical and logical circuits describe the kind of network topology used in networking. Network topology can be defined as a layout of patterns or interconnections consisting of different elements, nodes, or links in a computer (Breyer and Riley 107). The topology network is divided into two categories namely physical and logical topologies or circuits (Kozierok 1). Physical topologies or circuits are designs of networking that are tangible and consist of devices, installation of cables as well as location. On the other hand, logical topologies refer to a process of data transfer through a network. In essence, logical topology usually links with a basic network as opposed to a physical network that links to the core network (Tanenbaum 274-275). Multiplexing M
A SWOT analysis is a powerful tool to develop one’s business policy in that it helps uncover external opportunities, understand internal weaknesses, and eliminate threats. Taking time to do a SWOT analysis provides a person with a solid strategy on managing and prioritizing the work for boosting business. A SWOT analysis is focused on the external (market trends, economic trends, demographics) and internal (current processes, access to natural resources, trademarks) factors (Fallon, 2018). Pairing external threats with internal weaknesses may give insight into serious problems faced by a company and determine new leads to pursue. The benefits of a SWOT analysis include its simplicity and utility, focus on internal and external factors, and its importance in the further strategic planning (Jurevicius, 2013). However, disadvantages of this analysis include lack of mechanism to rank the significance of factors, possibility of ambivalent nature of problem attributes (a factor might be both strength and weakness), and lack of detail. Even though a SWOT analysis is a simple and comprehensive method, other analytical tools that are commonly used are PEST (political, economic, socio-cultural, and technological) and SCRS (strategy, current state, requirements, and solution) analyses. Portfolio analysis (PA) is used for establishing the optimal distribution of resources by analyzing the elements of the products of a firm (Scilly, 2016). PA is usually applied to companies that have multiple strategic business units, such as services, products, divisions, categories of consumers. This kind of analysis is applicable to all types of investments, including funds, indexes, equities, commodities, bonds, and securities. In general, before executing a PA, risk concepts of the investor should be examined. The outcome from the portfolio analysis is often used as the input for a SWOT analysis.