ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Religion is discussed almost daily in some way in the US media. Why does it consume masses of time and energy and generate conflict, despite this country’s complete constitutional freedom of and from religion? For an observer from a culture that is less focused on religion, with no religious belief, this characteristic is unusual and worthy of comment. Since religion is such a prominent factor in world affairs, it is intriguing to try to figure out how it attracts people, holds their attention, and motivates them, even to do things that seem unconstructive. From an anthropological perspective, there must be some reason for people to spend their time and resources on this activity. This is true especially in the highly diverse and secular Upper West Side. Religion in this neighborhood is unnecessary for success in work, housing, socialization and so forth 1, 2 . To resolve the above question, I observed behavior at a church service and asked both leaders and participants why they participated. From this I got answers to subsidiary questions: what worshippers say they get from their religious activities, which includes feelings of satisfaction and connection, and what other benefits their behavior in the service might reveal. My observations did provide clues for me as to why religion is powerful in their lives. 3 . My observations suggest that that religion and church offer the chance for participants, especially women, to enact roles unavailable to them in other areas of their lives . The observer listened to what the worshippers said they got from worship, but also watched what they did in an effort to attempt to identify other benefits they might be obtaining. There were indeed positive benefits that the participants both claimed to be receiving, and that the observer noted. These relate to the unique roles participants play both in the service and in the church. Because religion occupies such a major place in media, and people often identify themselves by their religious affiliation or lack of it, and argue over it so much, this question is worthwhile. Even in Manhattan’s Upper West Side, with no pressure to attend church 4 , many people stay inside on beautiful days. No one demands it of them 5 . There is no apparent reward (not even a sticker like the ones for voters) 6 . The research plan was to perform participant observation i , interview leaders ii , and interview participants iii at an upper West Side Protestant church. This site and methodology were chosen because this was a safe location, and recommended as welcoming to foreign visitors 7 unfamiliar with Christian services 8 and language barriers 9 . Problems included finding participants willing to tolerate language barriers and squeeze in discussion before dispersing. T
As an experienced scholar, I would define a community windshield as a technique used in gathering information from a given community. Some authors identify windshield as a technique where a researcher moves around in a vehicle while gathering information. This information is gathered by taking notes and making detailed observations. On the other hand, a walking assessment is a technique used by a walking researcher to gather information. Just like a windshield survey, a researcher also gathers information through observation and note-taking. Evidently, the outcome of both techniques can be used to help a given community. Consequently, I would urge you to get curious and learn of the health risks to health in San Diego. A review from my survey revealed urban, poor and minority residents have health risks brought about by climate change (Health Power, 2009, P. 1). I was able to examine social and environmental factors such as public transportation and the rising sea level. My survey revealed that Latinos and African Americans are exposed to safety and health risks. These risks are brought about by flooding, tree canopy and impervious surfaces, heat waves, and poor air quality in the region. According to public health professionals, the disparity in climate-related risks is because of the poor baseline rank of health conditions and the poor living conditions. Urban heat islands occur in regions where streets, houses, and other impermeable structures substitute vegetative cover and the land. This leads to a rise in peak energy necessity, plays part in GHG discharge, and lessens water quality. In fact, urban heat islands can increase the day temperatures by one to three degrees Celsius and night temperatures by twelve degrees Celsius (California Department of Health, 2012, P.2). Besides, impermeable surfaces can lower water quality and augment flooding risks because of undue water runoff in cities. The low-income and minority populations habitually live in environs with heightened contact to heat stress. One of the reasons for this problem is the high population density in the region. Another common reason is the increased number of impervious surfaces in the area. Access to transport is also another health risk in San Diego. Access to transport is a crucial element in extreme weather incidents and heatwaves. Authors have mentioned this because it allows the population to communicate with the personnel in safer areas. Furthermore, access to transport is a vital element in emergency preparedness. As observed with Hurricane Katrina, urgent transportation
Who’s Who & Who Does What? Capital has always been regarded as the root factor in the business growth that is why growing businesses look into those companies which can lend their investment into their businesses so that these companies can nourish and expand their operations. Integral Capital Partners is one such organization that functions as a family of partnerships that invests in expansion-stage private and growth-stage public corporations in the sectors of Information Technology and Life Sciences. This company was kept alive by the Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers (KPCB) since the year 1991, founded by Roger McNamee and John Powell with the KPCB. Together, McNamee and Powell developed a working strategy in their company that could increase the strengths of the company while bringing investment opportunities from the marketplace by developing a closed-end limited partnership circle with a duration of five years for every investing company. Key Issues of Dilemma Notwithstanding the success factor of Integral Capital Partners, the company was in need to modify its infrastructure according to the demands of the advancements brought to the current era. This is why Powell and McNamee were very concerned about the performance of the corporation that it was not generating as fruitful results as it used to in the historical years. Seven successful years in the competitive market let the company face a considerable inflow of investment capital, and assessments were immensely high by historical comparisons. The company wanted to indulge a fourth partner into its infrastructure but there were drawbacks not only in the capital investment sector, but also in the technological aspects. The company was led behind as compared to other companies when it came to evaluating the technical market – for example, personal computers that were matured instantly with the passage of time and with the help of technology innovations. For this purpose, McNamee and Powell realized that it was very important for the company to manufacture a strategy that could respond to the changing environments of the social and technical structure of advancements at the same time. Description of Alternative Solutions to the Dilemma At present, the company had total of three investment entities and the company wanted to include another fourth partner in the work field so that it could bring huge revenues and profits as it used to in the past. The company had the infrastructure of allowing 100% discretion to its general partners so that they could invest in any company which they think is qualified enough to invest in. this allowed the company for “crossover” investing by following the expansion stage venture companies. But this was not overwhelming for the business because there was a need to expand its operations and open arms for both the public and private sector compan
Introduction Employment legislation in New Zealand is featured with the extensive focus on the matters of compensation and care of the employees. In fact, this is explained by the fact that employers have fewer opportunities to protect their rights in comparison with employers, hence, the legislation system is based on the principles of protecting rights and the aspects of employment freedom. Considering this fact, the legislation projects are mainly focused on improving the sphere of employees’ right protection. Hence, the aim of this paper is to discuss the changes in article 103A of the Employment Relations Act. The aim of the analysis is to assess the possible consequences of changing the word “would” for “could” and how it will help employees to benefit if some conflicts appear. General Review of the Article 103A of the Employment Relations Act First, it should be emphasized that the act itself is closely linked with the right defense practices, as well as the regulation of the employment sphere. As it is stated by Department of Labour (2010), the key purpose of this act is to amend the Employment Relations Act in order to provide the extended employment freedom. The article 103A is focused on restoring the right of the employees after the possible strike or lockout. The possible changes of the law formulation will extend this freedom; however, the legislation itself will become milder for the employers, as the employment process itself presupposes the possibility of strike, nevertheless, the legal procedure of strikes are not observed, hence, the employers should also have the legal shield for protecting from possible problems. Legal Procedure As it is stated by Chemis and Opie (2007), the key problem which is stated in the section 103A is the problem of dismissals. The discussed changes may be regarded as the interpretation of the subjective aspects of dismissal that are viewed through the prism of redundancy as a common example. Hence, the key aspect that should be stated is associated with opinions of legislative bodies: Quite how section 103A reconciles with Justice Somers’ opinion in Hale that an honest assessment of an employer’s commercial needs cannot be subjected to objective tests of fairness, reasonableness, or necessity is difficult to fathom. The time will surely come when the principles in Hale and Simpsons Farms are fully tested against section 103A. The Court will no doubt be called upon to reconcile the clear language and intention of section 103A with the sanctity of managerial prerogative. When these two powerful and apparently conflicting principles emerge, neither will emerge unscathed. (Chemis and Opie, 2007, p. 201) In general the key principle of the changes of the legislative context will result in the changed perception of the legislation and the changes in solving the legal sues associated with dismissals. The actual importance of the changes may be analyzed by regarding the dismissal cases. Considering the case Air NZ vs. V, it should be stated that in spite of the
Introduction The demand and supply illustrate the market dealings among the potential buyers and sellers of a given commodity. The two are supposed to establish the equilibrium price and amount sold in the trading setup. The supply and the demand model forecasts that the price works to ensure equality of the amount demanded by buyers and the amount supplied by the manufacturers leading to the achievement of a monetary price and quantity balance mostly in a competitive market. The law of demand states that the increases in the price of a normal good lead to a decrease in quantity demanded of that good, all factors held or ceteris paribus and vice versa. On the other hand, the law of supply states that increases in the prices of a normal good will consequently lead to an increase in the amount supplied and vice versa when all other factors are held constant. In addition, the law of demand and supply dictates that the equilibrium price and amount of goods in the market lie at the meeting point of the buyer demand and the producer supply. At this point, the amount demanded =amount supplied, and prices remain stable at this level. In the P.O.W. camp, the number of people living in a camp was around 1200 to 2500, and these people were prisoners or soldiers abducted to fight on behalf of other countries during the Second World War. These people lived in big houses and could socialize and trade with others. Therefore, the market setup was simple, and in most cases, the amount supplied kept on changing considering that the conditions of an effective trade were undesirable and these prisoners had to depend on their countries and Red Cross for their food and cigarettes supplies. Therefore, they had little control over the forces of demand and supply in their trading setup. Thesis statement The paper attempts to investigate how the supply and the demand of the food and the cigarettes affected the price in the P.O.W. camp or at the time before and during the Second World War, considering that the market was not developed and the factors of holding an effective were unfavorable. Secondly, the currency system was undeveloped as many people depended on the barter trade to obtain food and cigarettes hence the forces of demand and supply were as there was no commodity
Introduction   * Organizations should support an appropriate environment.   * Stronger Together – works with people having disabilities. Report   * Services and resources the firm provides.   * Discusses how it maintains the environment. Thesis   * Stronger Together supports the environment by advocating for the rights of individuals, educating organizations, and ensuring positive workplace environments. Services and Resources of the Organization   * Stronger Together – non-profit organization.   * Supports people having disabilities.   * More than two decades in the field. Aims   * Advocating for the rights of people with disabilities.   * Ensuring access to health care, education, housing, transportation.   * Supporting people living with intellectual disabilities.   * Follows the example of the NDRN.   * Provides support within the criminal justice systems.   * Addresses the significance of enforcing appropriate laws.   * Believes that everyone should have equal opportunities.   * Collaborates with the EARN.   * Offers education and outreach activities.   * Helps to establish communication between employers and employees having disabilities.   * Supports companies in building inclusive workforces and creating welcoming working environments.   * Has volunteers and professionally trained employees.   * Helps individuals with disabilities to perform daily tasks.   * Assists in cleaning, washing dishes, and doing shopping.   * Helps to find housing and maintain appropriate living conditions.   * Offers affordable housing options and ensures a healing environment.   * Collaborates with local organizations (3 local initiatives).   * Offers food and toiletries to individuals living with disabilities.   * Collaborates with a major local hospital.   * Ensures that patients receive appropriate care.   * Holds educational events for medical professionals. The organization this paper presents is a non-profit company named Stronger Together that provides help for individuals living with disabilities. The company has been working in the field for more than two decades, offering support for this group of people. The firm aims at improving the lives of populations having disabilities, advocatin
Those who subscribe to compatibilism hold that determinism is attuned to free will. compatibilists support this view by arguing that a person who is deprived of his/her free will, for example by being murdered or raped, he/she lacks free will because the attackers disallows him/her choice through their actions, and not because of determination of the future by the past. According to Compatibilists, determinism is immaterial and lack of domination of one’s desires by an external force together with ones desires being the sole influence of their will is what matters after all (Hume 85). Compatibilist does require one to subscribe to any form of free will concept, though they do not support the fact that determinism is incompatible with free will (Hobbes 56). This paper discusses compatibilism, with particular focus on its no choice principle. Inwagen provides that determinism is the true thesis, and says that the way things happen determines a distinctive future. In his opinion, a single alternative of the future that comes about depending on a given moment is a possible persistence of the current situation. In other words, determinism can be understood to be the thesis that only a single persistence of the current situation is in tandem with the laws of nature. Determinism can be commonly associated with the thesis that lacks free will, which actually causes a lot of misunderstanding. Many people support that compatibilism is not true simply because, they hold an initial conception that determinism and free will are not compatible. Through consequence argument, Van Inwagen supports this conclusion. In regard to this argument, Inwagen uses the no choice principle which according to Perry, Bratman, and Martin states that: Suppose that p and that no one has (or ever had) any choice about whether p, and suppose that the following conditional (if-then) statement is true and no one has (or ever had) any choice about whether it is true: if p, then q. It follows from these two suppositions that q and that no one has (or ever had) any choice about whether q (156). As van Inwagen argues that this principle is naturally reasonable “how could I have a choice about something that is an inevitable consequence of something I have no choice about?” (Hobes 56). With the assumption of two other reasonable principles, it can be demonstrated that determinism is not compatible with free will; that is, if this principle holds some truth in it. Van Inwagen’s additional principles hold that choice about something is nonexistent in us. The first principles states that we do not possess choice of the happenings which took place in remote past. The second principle holds that we do not have any choice in regard to what the laws of nature relates to. Summing up the two principles, an incompatibility of free will together with determinism can be constructed. (Perry, Bratman, and Martin 156) To illustrate the consequence argument, we can assume ‘DINOSAUR’ to represent the situation of the univ
Abstract When the concept of negotiations is explored from an ethical point of view, it is meant to improve the success of negotiations not only for us to win against someone else’s loss, but also to come up with situations where everyone wins. This is because the observation of ethical practices in a negotiation yields a fair and just agreement that often leaves everyone happy and contented with whatever they have achieved from the negotiation (Fells, 2009). The major reason, however, for the adoption of ethical behavior during negotiations is to ensure that both parties adopt negotiations in future if they are faced with any disagreement, instead of having to drag each other through court battles that often leave the parties more divided and scorned (Lewicki Barry & Saunders, 2006). This paper seeks to explore the main ethical challenges faced during negotiations and how to overcome them. Negotiators in organizations are routinely confronted with important decisions about the strategies they will use to achieve their objectives and decisions which carry ethical implications and will contribute either to the success or failure of the negotiation. Ethics defined, and why they apply to negotiation Ethics is a collection of values, moral principles, industry standards or rules that govern the way people in a certain industry conduct themselves. It establishes a basis of doing what is considered honest, fair or right in a given context (Lewicki, 2004). Applying ethical reasoning to negotiation It has been identified that the winning or the losing in a negotiation impacts heavily on one’s reputation in business. It has also been established that reputation builds or breaks business. However, it is possible for a negotiation to end in a win-win situation if both parties apply ethical practices such as honesty, fairness and doing the right thing (Lewicki, Barry & Saunders, 2006). Therefore, it is imperative that business people protect their reputations by adopting ethical behavior during negotiations since reputation takes years to build, but only a few minutes in a board room to destroy (McLean, 2006). Ethics versus Prudence, Practicality, and Legality Traditionally, the term prudence was used in reference to morality of persons. However, it is now often used to refer to the intelligent actions of a person in self-interest. Prudence is greatly a personal process that ends in a solid action and it is usually an acceptance of one’s
Research Problem/Purpose Obesity is one of the most common health concerns in the modern-day medical care era. It is an even greater concern among children than adults because its rate goes up to 22 % and is, therefore, a related cause of other health problems such as asthma. A lot of research ink has been invested in the study of the causes of obesity, especially among children. All these researches focus their attention on the nutritional, age and psychological aspects of the problem. Little attention has been given to the home environment of a child. The investigator places the study problem in the context of the existing knowledge by acknowledging the two major studies that have been conducted on the effect of the home environment. He reviews a study that focused on the nine-fold increase in obesity among neglected children and a further two and threefold increase in the number of obese children living in dilapidated conditions. The article emphasizes the role of social-economic factors in the continued increase of obesity among children. As a matter of fact, obesity is neither an illness nor a disease. It is a preventable condition that results in an abnormal body mass index. This research provides a solution to obesity as a nursing concern by offering recommendations and solutions that will give the practitioners a better understanding of the obesity problem. The main objective of the research is to identify, investigate and explain the connection between the home environment and socio-economic factors as well as their contribution to the increase of obesity among children. Review of the Literature The literature review of the research evaluates three main concepts as proposed by the researchers in each concept. The first is the concept of living conditions and the relationship between such conditions and the increase in obesity. The second concept discusses the hypothesis that a self-stimulatory behavior among children that is caused by the deprivation of certain environmental basics is the cause of overeating among children and a subsequent cause of obesity. The third concept concerns the association. The majority of the works reviewed by the investigators are quite old. This would be because obesity became a national and international concern in the mid and early 80s and hence received a lot of research attention being an emerging and new issue at the time. Theoretical Framework The theoretical concepts are defined clearly and discussed in relation to adiposity and obesity in children. The research defines obesity and the statistical evaluation of this issue across parameters, such as age, sex, race, and orientation. It goes further to draw demographic information from other sources on the educational, marital and income-related information of the participants of the study to give a better view of the social-economic