ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Friendship is one of the types of close interpersonal relationships in which the need for love, belonging, and importance is realized. For each person, friendship is also a vital, moral value across all genders. In the public consciousness, it appears as some ideal relationship, characterized by a high level of trust and affection. It is necessary to review the socio-psychological research of friendship as a type of interpersonal and gender relations. The scientific interest in friendship is manifested in philosophy, sociology, cultural studies and ethnography, and social psychology. Philosophical concepts appeal to friendship as a cultural phenomenon. Boys from an early age more actively than girls come into contact with other children, start playing games together and interacting (Walker, 1994). The sense of belonging to a peer group and communication with them for men of all ages is much more critical than for women (Wright, 1982). Friendship is considered as the moral value that governs relationships, and it is often related to gender intricacies. Both articles “Men’s Friendship, Women’s Friendship” and “Men, Women and Friendship” aim to study the communication patterns difference among genders. The differences between the sexes in the level of sociability are not so much quantitative, but qualitative. Although “scuffling” and “power games” bring the boys immense emotional satisfaction, they usually have a competitive spirit; therefore, it is often that the game turns into a fight (Gillespie, Lever, Frederick, & Royce, 2014). The content of joint activities and their success in it mean for boys more than the presence of individual sympathy for other participants in the game. The boy chooses an interesting game in which he can prove himself; thus, he comes into contact with partners that he doesn’t particularly like (Wright, 1982). Male communication in nature is more objective and methodological than expressive. Girls’ connection looks more passive, but friendlier and more selective. Judging by the data of psychological studies, the boys first come into contact with each other, and only then, during the game or business interaction, do they develop a positive attitude (Wright, 1982). Girls, on the contrary, come into contact mainly with those who they like. The content of joint activities for them is relatively secondary. The first view on gender communication is related to the sty
Being a Chief of Police, it is essential to consider a minimum of a five-step plan to identify and hire officers appropriately. In this regard, I would apply written tests, medical examinations, performance-simulation tests, work sample test, and background investigation. First, it is crucial to examine the applicant’s background information. The past behavior might clearly illustrate both positive and negative traits of the potential officer. Second, the medical examination would reveal health problems and restrictions to complete all the constituents of police work. At the same time, no person with disabilities should be denied access to the application (“Legal Issues” par. 7). Third, the next step would be written tests aimed at the personality and interests’ detection as well as cognitive ability identification. As a rule, such tests contribute to the applicant’s comprehensive evaluation and allow predicting the person’s perspective behavior in the framework of police work. The following step is the realization of performance-simulation tests that are rather beneficial for the applicant to comprehend job-related requirements. They might comprise a series of challenges and assignments associated with the identified job position. What is more, work sample tests would be used to assess the abilities of applicants? The mentioned tests are a diminutive replica of the job allowing the employee to detect the employer’s performance abilities. In this connection, I reckon that they would be useful to apply while hiring new officers. In addition, it is also crucial to make a plan in accordance with Affirmative Action that specifies the minority involvement in the police department work and the Fair Labor Standards Act that ensures equal hiring opportunities for all the applicants regardless of sex, race, and other aspects. Works Cited “Legal Issues.” UW Homepage. N.p., n.d. Web.
Summary of the Movie The movie “Mr. and Mrs. Iyer” narrates the story of a young lady who befriends a photographer named Raja. The young woman, Meenakshi, has a baby boy. She is also married to Subramaniam Iyer. At the bus station, Meenakshi’s parents introduce her to Raja for the first time. The parents ask Raja to take care of the lady and her baby. The region is characterized by conflict between Hindu extremists and Islamic groups. Along the way, the bus is stopped by a group of Hindu extremists who demand to know the religious identity of every individual (Mr & Mrs Iyer Full Movie). Meenakshi tells the extremists that Raja is her husband. Iqbal Ahmed and his wife are taken out of the bus. The two are killed by the extremists. It later emerges that Raja’s real name is Jehangir. Raja is also a Muslim. For a moment, Meenakshi is forced to abandon her traditions by sharing food and water with a Muslim. She is also forced to protect Raja from being attacked because of his religious background. These two eventually find comfort in each other. Analysis of the Movie This film gives a detailed analysis of the social, political, and religious issues that have affected Muslims and Hindus in India for centuries. The experiences of the protagonists in the movie explain clearly why desperate moments call for appropriate actions. The region described in the film is characterized by terrorism and retaliation. A Hindu uprising is witnessed in an attempt to punish Muslims for engaging in different terrorist attacks and threatening the lives of the people. A new conflict has emerged thus making it impossible for the people to realize their potentials. This conflict portrays the major challenges and issues that have faced members of these two religious groups for centuries (Mr & Mrs Iyer Full Movie). The situation experienced in the region forces the police to undertake stringent measures in an attempt to protect every citizen. Several concepts and theories can be used to describe the issues portrayed in this film. The first useful model is the two-nation theory (Mughal 2). The theory asserts that religion is “the only factor unifying Muslims in different parts of the South Asian subcontinent” (Shani 72). This means that Muslims speak the same religious language despite being from diverse regions, et
Introduction “Young Goodman Brown” is a story by Nathaniel Hawthorne. The author describes the central challenges of the 17th-century Puritan community by focusing on the experience of the main hero – Goodman Brown. The loss of faith, corruption of that day society, living in the state of depravity, and questioning the dual nature of humanity are both symbolically and directly addressed in the short story. Being written almost two centuries ago, this piece of literature cannot be ignored nowadays due to the criticality of issues brought up by the author. That said, regardless of the evident theme – the contradiction between the good and the evil – Hawthorne’s story addresses other significant problems that are still relevant and critical in modern society. As mentioned above, the central figure is a young man named Goodman Brown. The whole story is the depiction of the events that occurred during one night in Salem village in colonial America. However, the author points out that only one-night experience – either a dream or reality – can change an individual’s life and perception of their community as well as the world in general. His story begins when he leaves his wife, Faith, and heads into the forest with a secret mission. Even though she begs him to stay home, the young man does not want to give up his errand in the woods. As it turns out later, the secret errand is the meeting with Satan in the forest. As the conversation with an old man resembling a young Goodman Brown – the devil – comes to an end, the main hero remains in the woods where he becomes the witness of a wild meeting of witches. However, the most shocking revelation is that his wife, as well as the most influential people of the village including deacons, is among those who came to the woods. The Struggle Between the Good and the Evil The description of the wood and the central event seem superficial because no detailed portrayals of other heroes, events, or emotions are developed by the author. However, simple as it is, the short story addresses numerous underlying themes in both symbolic and direct manners. First and foremost, it is evident that the Nathaniel Hawthorne addresses the issue of the everlasting confrontation between the good and the evil. It is essential to realize that the concepts of the good and the evil are perceived from the perspective of one’s moral development. They are not portrayed as actions. Instead, they are described as an individual’s attitudes toward other people and events as well as vital life choices. To explain this statement, it is essential to recall the opening dialogue between the young man and his wife. Even though she asks him to stay at home that is a good decision, he chooses to head to the woods (Hawthorne 1). This decision is generally recognized as a wicked one because everyone in the village is aware of the events in the forest – the wilderness of witch meetings, anti-Christianity, and Satanism. The same is true about the conversation the young man had in the woods. Even though he knew that he was
This article supports the benefits of engaging stakeholders in organizational activities. The practice will benefit both the organization and its stakeholders. The article explains why organizations should use the best strategies in order to make the process smooth. Effective stakeholder involvement ensures every department makes informed decisions. The approach will help departments plan their policies, programs, ideas, services, and projects properly. The author encourages every organization to engage its respective stakeholders (Department of Education and Early Childhood Development, 2011). The practice makes it easier for the stakeholders to offer their professional contributions. The stakeholders will also ensure their organization is on the right track. The departments will become effective and efficient. This practice will reduce the risks affecting organizational performance. It will also reduce its operational costs. The article explores how such partnerships have helped many organizations and agencies realize their potential. Healthcare facilities can collaborate with different stakeholders in the community in order to provide timely care and support to their patients. The organization should inform, involve, collaborate, consult, and empower its stakeholders. These principles will ensure the practice is successful. The article supports the importance of “effective partnerships and collaborations, transparency, effective business processes, collective learning, and knowledge sharing” (Department of Education and Early Childhood Development, 2011, p. 5). This article presents timely ideas for many organizations. The article offers the best incentives and ideas to ensure the Stakeholder Engagement Plan is successful. Stakeholder engagement is a critical practice because it helps organizations provide quality services to their customers. Reference List Department of Education and Early Childhood Development. (2011). Stakeholder Engagement in the Department (DEST no. 12.HERC02A). Melbourne, Australia: Author.
Mississippi, a state in the southern United States, was named after the Mississippi River which flows along one of its boundaries [1] . It is a heavily forested area and it is one of the states where farming is among the primary state resources. Characterized by one of the lowest alcoholism and criminal activities prevalence rates in the country Mississippi to me is an indication that high moral levels can easily be maintained at state level as long as the law enforcement authorities and the citizens are well committed this achievement at a personal level. However, even with all these strengths Mississippi’s development has dragged behind other states owing to challenges brought about by high school dropout rates, a weak maternal healthcare system, high levels of lifestyle diseases such as obesity (which in turn leads to high death rates by cardiovascular diseases) and a high incidence of poverty [2] . This is in contrast to the days when cotton farming was at its greatest and Mississippi was among the top five wealthiest states in the United States [3] . However, challenges and difficulties are meant to be overcome and therefore the Mississippi hardships are to me indications of roadblocks on the way to triumph. The way that Mississippi fell from grace to grass is the same way that through the collective individuals of citizens in the state it can rise to reclaim its spot among the country’s economic giants. From history, the Mississippi area was ruled by individuals of Spanish, British and French descent and it was these variations in the origins of the authorities that encouraged the growth of the state into a multicultural region with each and every individual enjoying all the human and civil rights [4] . Even at the time when racism was at its peak in the rest of the United States, persons of color in Mississippi were enjoying substantial freedom. Drawing from this fact Mississippi, to me, is an indication of radicalism and the development of fundamental changes in the societal framework. Mississippi is one of the states that have made great contributions to American music with various genres including country, jazz, blues and rock and roll all either having been created or finding public relevance amongst the region’s audiences [5] . It is after the aforementioned genres of music found public acceptance in Mississippi that they began spreading to other states in the United States and the rest of the world. Elvis Presley, one of the greatest music icons of all times thanks to his contribution to the growth of rock and roll originally came from Tupelo in Mississippi. Aside from music, the state also has a significant presence in the rest of the arts with the United States International Ballet Competition having been incepted in Jackson, Mississippi state capital [6] . It is therefore only appropriate for me to accept that Mississippi to me means innovation and global entertainment. Mississippi is fundamentally a Chris
Negative thinking refers to the specific cognitive organization of the human psyche and is thus a mode of perception of the environment and development of attitudes towards objects and phenomena. The present paper defines negative thinking, compares it to positivism and also sets a distinction between two obvious subtypes of negative thinking. The actual definition of the term is the following: negative thinking is a mode of reasoning which includes noticing faults, weakest points and errors in the issues and either accentuating on them or approaching them with the willingness to fix or manage. The major examples of negative thinking are apathy and cynicism: “It is as pervasive as the common cold, but far more damaging. It mutilates, cripples, and corrodes the human spirit. Those infected by it are broken men and women aimlessly plodding along. The dark clouds brooding over them obscure their vision and cause them to become confrontational, apathetic, and cynical” (Peale, 1996, p.53). As one can understand, negative reasoning is manifested through the thorough search of imperfections so that the person is consumed by their efforts to either notice or anticipate adverse events. Comparing negative and positive thinking, it is necessary to emphasize the major distinctions. Positivists, or individuals who think positively, tend to concentrate upon the situation itself (as a phenomenon); for instance, when they see the table breaking and falling, they approach the happening as a fact. Negativists, on the contrary, focus on the negative aspects of the situation and provide quite a melancholic evaluation of the happening: using the same example, the negativist would refer to such a domestic trifle as to a “disaster” (an exaggerated emotional evaluation) and anticipate the breakdown of all the furniture. Another difference between positive and negative thinking is the psychoemotional background of the modes: positivists are normally happier and more successful than negativists, as they are always able to distract to the strengths and resources. It is also important to note that negative reasoning has two subtypes: active and passive negativism. Passive negativism is manifested through complaints and accentuation on self-pity: for instance, the person who notes the first symptoms of an illness (e.g. cough) is likely to begin feeling miserable and complain about the others who have not prevented their disease. The person with active negativism, focusing on the negative sides, also tries to fix them. Such individuals are critical but industrious: when feeling a bit sick, they “slow down” (e.g. stay at home or leave the office earlier) and fix their health trouble in order to prevent the further development of the illness. Negative thinking is also likely to develop because of the complexity of life events and upbringing. In order to exemplify this claim, I would like to use the following story. In the morning, when walking to the office, a person gets into a car accident an
Introduction The present study by Walker et al. (2015) was aimed at evaluating the correlation between the use of social media, such as Facebook, and disordered eating in college-aged young women. The researchers’ theory was that negative Facebook experience could affect the body image and provoke the development of eating disorders in young women. This report aims to present an extensive summary of the study, addressing elements such as scope and importance, researchers’ hypothesis, method, results, and discussion. Importance The authors outline that the main reason as to why the study of the effects of social media on eating disorders is important is the number of time adolescents and young adults spend on the Internet (Walker et al., 2015, p. 162). However, they do not fully discuss the possibility of using the results of their research to develop prevention or intervention strategies, which is one of the study’s drawbacks. There is a potential to use this type of research not just to increase the understanding of the issue, but also to support strategies for solving it, and the fact that the authors did not address that makes their explanation of the importance of the study and the topic quite limited. Scope Despite the fact that the researchers did not provide a crisp statement of purpose for this study, from the material provided, it is clear that their aim was to develop an understanding of the association between Facebook use and disordered eating. The scope of the study could be divided into three main areas. First, the authors decided to expand on the previous research by examining Facebook use intensity and its impact on disordered eating. Walker et al. (2015) note that the concept of Facebook intensity has not been studied in relation to eating disorders prevalence (p. 158). However, the authors do not provide a clear justification as to why Facebook intensity was a vital element to study. Secondly, the authors focused on the role of online physical appearance. The authors clearly explain the justification for the interest in this factor based on previous studies, but also show why the exploration can turn out to be inconclusive, explaining that it would be difficult to distinguish whether the negative effect was driven by social comparisons or physical appearance comparisons (Walker et al., 2015, p. 158). The final area that Walker et al. (2015) decided to include in the scope of the study was the role of Facebook fat talk on disordered eating. They clarify the term: “Fat talk refers to negative talk about body size and shape while emphasizing a societal ideal toward thinness” (Walker et al., 2015, p. 158). The authors also state the increasing occurrence of fat talk on social media and refer to previous research to provide an explanation of the perceived effect of fat talk on body dissatisfaction and disordered eating (Walker et al., 2015, p. 158).
Before starting a review of the documentary, I feel it is necessary to give a definition of sustainable fashion and establish a connection between the fashion industry and the environment. As I found out, sustainability in the fashion industry has two main perspectives. From the brand’s point of view, being sustainable means producing clothes that are most considerate for humanity and the environment. As for the consumer, sustainability means thinking if you need that garment before buying and what ethics you support with your purchase (“Understanding sustainable fashion,” n.d). Paris Lees’s documentary on the fashion industry addresses both of these perspectives and helps to understand the problems of the modern fashion industry and consumer behavior. The Eye-Opening Moments The documentary has opened my eyes to several issues, which I had not realized before. First of all, I had no idea that the fashion industry is the second-worst polluter of the environment (JayLaw, 2019, 1:10). It was also shocking to realize that the Brits alone spend £30 billion on unused clothes every year (JayLaw, 2019, 2:44). Just imagine all the money and resources spent on useless, redundant goods worldwide. Finally, while there were many other astonishing moments, I was disturbed by the fact that the unaware consumer can fund unethical companies or even indirectly support terrorism by simply buying a new piece of clothing (JayLaw, 2019, 12:44). After watching the documentary, I understood that sustainability in the fashion industry is much more important than I ever thought. My Opinion On 3 Easy Steps Paris Lees outlined three easy steps for environmentally conscious consumers at the end of her documentary. I would love to start following them since fashion sustainability appeared to be so vital for our planet. Steps 1 (Don’t love – don’t buy) and 2 (Look at the label) are my priority because they are quite easy to follow and beneficial for the environment, your wardrobe, and even your wallet. As for Step 3 (DIY) —it would take some time and probably training in sewing, so it would be more difficult to follow. However, even a small step in the right direction counts, especially if made by many people.