ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Thunderbolt™ technology was developed by Intel® in collaboration with Apple® in order to transform the performance of PCs. The key features of Thunderbolt™ technology include optical or electrical cables, daisy-chained devices, dual-channel 10Gbs per port and compatibility with prevailing Display Port devices. Other characteristics include the use of both PCI Express and Display Port protocols, low latency with high, accurate time synchronisation and power over cable for bus-powered devices. The technology is also bi-directional and implements local protocol software drivers (Shah 16). The performance and protocols available in Thunderbolt™ technology provide designers with freedom and flexibility to come up with new computer products and configurations. Using Thunderbolt™ technology allows designers to come up with the impartial performance expansion technologies that are typical in the desktops, possible using local device drivers that are joined by a single cable. Thunderbolt™ technology also enables designers to come up with thinner and lighter laptops, as well as, miniature connectors that are ideal for use in mobile applications, without compromising on the input-output (I/O) performance. Another benefit of the Thunderbolt™ technology is ease of incorporating adaptors that use existing PCI Express controllers to boost I/O performance (Frakes & Dan 16). The close association between Intel and apple helped to forge a mode of storage that marks the beginning of an exciting era of peripheral connectivity. The Thunderbolt™ technology storage devices provide an opportunity for manufacturers to continue in the process of providing both professionals and consumers with quality devices. The storage devices have transfer rates of up to 700MB while daisy-chained between a PC and the screen. The storage devices allow for fast transfer rates to authors, video editors, IT administrators and graphic designers among other computer professionals and users (Wong 17). Another property of Thunderbolt™ technology is its support for existing protocols. The technology allows for the simultaneous transmission of both data and display protocols through the integration of PCI Express and Display Port communication. This allows for the simplification of various tasks in both the home and office. The combination of two protocols in one cable has allowed designers to come up with compact laptops while using the least number of links between the gadgets. The technology allows users to connect to multiple devices including storage, displays, peripherals and audio/video devices among others. Thunderbolt technology uses copper cables to boost its transfer speeds. The copper cables are flexible, durable, and make an easy fit into t
In the decade of the 1960s there was a lot of complaints that came from the actors, directors and film enthusiasts. They clamour for a renaissance of Hollywood films. The movie industry was in a deplorable state, however, good fortune smiled on those who desperately wanted for change (Lev, 2000, p.5). In the 1960s up to the 1970s Hollywood went through a rebirth. It was known as the period of “great artistic achievement based on new freedom and widespread experimentation” (Kramer, 2005, p.1). One of the best example of “New Hollywood” is the blockbuster entitled One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest . This film exemplified “New Hollywood” based on unconventional techniques seen in the way the plot, theme, visual style and even the people that worked on the project such as the director, cinematographer and actor in the lead role. It is rare for a film to enjoy both critical and commercial success (Maltby, 2003, p.180). The Cuckoo’s Nest movie was embraced by the critics as one of the finest examples of Hollywood excellence. It won five major Oscar awards. But more importantly the masses gave their own feedback, giving the two thumbs up sign by voting with their money as they patiently brave the elements to stand in line to buy tickets and see the movie for the second and even the third time. This was not only beneficial to the studio but also on the main actor Jack Nicholson himself and according to one report, “By 1978, Jack’s share of the Cuckoo’s Nest windfall grew to $15 million, becoming the kind of annuity that just kept on giving … completed on a $4.4 million budget, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest became the seventh-highest grossing movie ever” (McDougal, 2008, p.200). Jack Nicholson, Milos Forman and Haskell Wexler came to Hollywood just at the right time when the movie industry in the United States was in the cusp of revolution. According to insiders, “The conditions for a revolution in Hollywood certainly seemed to be in place in the latter part of the sixties. There was the decaying regime: a studio system run by aging autocrats whose commitment to standardized technique and innocuous content seemed to make it impossible for genuine film ar
Criticisms of religious beliefs and concepts have been in existence since religion started. However, several philosophers trace the roots of religious criticisms to the 5 th century In Greece while others claim criticisms to religious beliefs were in existence during the 1 st century in ancient Rome (Beckford, 2003). Often, these criticisms have been developed as philosophies which question or attack the concepts, validity and practices taught in religious circles. To affirm their arguments, critics who challenge the dominance of religion say that, religion is misleading because it seeks to brainwash children; cheats people that they can be healed, just by having faith, among other events. Some critics do not also shy away from attributing the source of certain ills in the society to religious dominance. For example, the increase of religious wars (such as jihad), discrimination against certain individuals (like women and gays), have been attributed to the dominance of religion in the society (Beckford, 2003, p. 2). Among the pioneers of anti-religious views are personalities such as Dennet Harris, Hitchens, Dawkins (and the likes) who note that religious doctrines were not divinely inspired, as is believed, but rather, the authors of religious scripts were ordinary people who sought to fulfill a religious, social or political void that existed in the society (Dennett, 2006). More works developed by anti-religious crusaders have often bombarded the public and they have so far managed to influence our morality and knowledge on the subject. This study seeks to further explain this point, but to do so, we will analyze how antireligious doctrines are effected and reflected in a major historic event – September 11 th attacks in New York. Conceptual Understanding The September 11 th attack in New York City is largely seen as an extreme religious attack orchestrated by the Al-Qaida terrorist group (Muslims) against America, which is largely a Christian country (Buzzle, 2011). The event has been perceived to be an example of the effects of extreme religious activities, especially on the side of the Muslim terrorist group, Al Qai
Nutrition assessment is a vital tool that can give proper diagnostics of what a patient is suffering from and the nutrition components that the patient lacks. Poor nutrition can cause several diseases that include diarrhea and colon cancer. This paper forms a comprehensive analysis of a malnourished white female patient, aged 87 years, and weighs 85 pounds. This patient is 5 feet tall. She has colon cancer and diarrhea. This paper gives a clear and comprehensive analysis of the patient’s clinical situation and provides a clearly defined plan for managing the condition. The nutrition evaluation for cancer patients is often neglected. This is even though patients’ poor nutritional status can adversely affect the prognosis and treatment of these patients. Diet has for a long time been considered as a determinant in the risk development associated with colon cancer. However, it is difficult to ascertain for sure, which components of the diet are the most vital in increasing the risk for colon cancer (Sizer, Piché & Whitney, 2012). There is strong, compelling evidence that suggests that red meat and high fat intake are the leading causes of colon cancer. High consumption of fat from animals has positively been associated with colon cancer. The high cholesterol values that are as a result of fat intake correlate significantly well with the later development of tumors (Sizer, Piché & Whitney, 2012). The consumption of fatty fish and a reduction in the consumption of unhealthy fats can reduce the risk of colon cancer that is brought about by the consumption of animal fat. Obesity and a sedentary lifestyle are also some of the major risks for colon cancer. It is vital for patients with colon cancer to maintain a remarkably healthy diet (Wilson, 2010). This will help them to withstand the after-effects of treatment. These side effects may arise due to surgical, radiation therapy, chemotherapy or any combination of these treatment methodologies, which are used on cancer patients. A healthy diet for colon cancer patients should include the following  1. Fluids that prevent dehydration of the patient.  2. A lot of protein to helps maintain the muscle mass and repair damaged body tissue.  3. The patient needs fats and carbohydrates to help in the production of calories that will supply the body with energy.  4. Vitamins and minerals will maintain normal body functioning (Wilson, 2010). The side effects that are associated with colon cancer treatment can cause weight loss. The effects can also cause an unhealthy nutrition status, which includes diarrhea, constipation, fatigue nausea, and many other effects on the normal body env
In any society, change is an inevitable factor that every leader must prepare for. There are nations employ the use of elections and other use revolutions as means of changing their system of governance. Alternatively, there are others who have monarchs as a means of changing leadership. All these types of changes are meant to bring radical change in terms of eradication of poverty, elimination of diseases and reduction of ignorance among others. However, as authored by most scholars, most revolutions embrace a violent nature as a strategy of sending the message clear (Navarro 81). For instance, there has been the Cuban revolution, American Revolution, Mexican revolution, French revolution and Russia revolution. All these uprisings had the symbolism of the class turning against another class. On that aspect, this paper attempts understand the bureaucratization and institutionalization of the Mexican revolution and its lasting implications. Furthermore, the discussion delves on the techniques that were used by intellectuals and other artists in integrating adults and children, in the socialist education. This was meant to instill in them values of freedoms and equality. Similarly, this paper explores cross-class and top-down movement as a form igniting the Bolshevik revolution in Russia. There are several issues concerning the bureaucratization and institutionalization of the Mexican Revolution in terms of events that happened. For instance, around 1920s and 30s, Mexico enjoyed the benefits of the revolution through implementation of reforms and transformation of culture. Similarly, these cultural changes incorporated children in most of their projects through various ideologies that support children. Children were socialized in into the culture of the revolution through techniques such as provision of education, medical care and other basic amenities. In addition, bureaucratization and institutionalization of the Mexican Revolution entailed organizing conferences involving the growth of children as the fundamental unit of the revolution generation (Foran and Stuart 114). This was achieved through uniting of government sectors and the civil societies for harmonious existence. Additionally, this bureaucratization involved the convergence of professionals and educators in the hope of championing the growth of the revolution generation. On that perspective, different polices and Acts were suggested that would help various institutions mandated to manage the welfare of the revolution generation. Alternatively, the sensitization of the community in integrating and socializing children within the society and lobbying for government scholarships was also part of the bureaucratization and institutionalization. Another concern about bureaucratization and institutionalization of the Mexican revolution involve the top-down efforts of managing the system. In the top-down system, the citizens of Mex
Introduction The primary goal of the literature review is to conduct a sufficient analysis of the reading while determining and defining the impact of the adoption of a performance measurement system. In turn, it is essential to understand the uses and implications of this instrument and discover the relevant ways of its application. It could be said that the differences and similarities will contribute to the discovery of the issues from dissimilar perspectives. I hope to increase my knowledge about the importance of performance management systems, its adaptation, its features, its shortcomings, and its usefulness in the business. Big Issues/highlights from the literature Each article highlights a different aspect of the topic, but it is generally working in similar frameworks. The article Performance Measurement Adoption and Business Performance: An Exploratory Study in the Shipping Industry (Article 1) by Otheitis and Kunc emphasizes the drivers of adopting PMS, which are originated from the regulation (Otheitis & Kunc, 2015). In turn, the article depicts the difficulty of the application of the performance measurement system in the shipping industry and determines the role of the PMS as a driver for the enhancement of the organizational performance due to the ability to monitor the strategic alignment (Otheitis & Kunc, 2015). In this instance, the big issue is the ability to utilize the PMS efficiently due to the specifics of the shipping industry. The utilization of various approaches based on TMSA, TMSA2, and the principles of ISO creates the confusion in the application of PMS, as no universal strategy is presented due to the differences in regulations (Otheitis & Kunc, 2015). Nonetheless, these aspects determine the timeframe for the adoption and underline its significance in the industry. In turn, it highlights the difficulty of monitoring whether success was a primary consequence of the adaptation of PMS due to the presence of a variety of external influences (Otheitis & Kunc, 2015). The article Exploring the Performance Effects of Performance Measurement System Use in Maintenance Process (Article 2) by Tätilä, Helkiö, and Holmström pays vehement attention to the design of the PSM (Tätilä, Helkiö, & Holmström, 2014). In this instance, the primary issues lay the understanding of the vitality of the behavioral patterns to the sufficient formation of the relevant PMS. In this instance, the actual design implies the emphasis on motivation and leadership while depicted the ability to influence the competitiveness, behavioral patterns, and organizational performance positively (Tätilä, Helkiö, & Holmström, 2014). In this instance, the big issue is to find the interdependence of the components of the design to be able to create a relevant strategy to enhance organizational performance. The article New Performance Measurement and Management Control Systems (Article 3) by Watts and McNair-Connolly focuses on the shortcoming of the PMS and depicts its ability to enhance the organizational performance of the company, which applies its principles (Watts & McNair-Connolly, 2012). Nonetheless, the primary issue is the inability
This table is an essential aspect of modern-day science. It not only groups elements based on comparable characteristics but also shows both the atomic and molecular structure of the elements thus facilitating easy study. This is an orderly tabular arrangement of all known elements by atomic figures as they increase. The table is best illustrated by vertical and horizontal lines of elements with the latter called groups while the former are called elements (Lengler& Eppler 2008). It is noteworthy that distinct elements occurs between groups two and thirteen thus the transition metals. These are also chemically analogous compounds. Although all groups have a resembling set of characteristics, the elements in some groups bear closer resemblance to each other than in other groups. The periodic table came about after collective efforts from many scientists. It all started in 1817, when Johann Dobereiner discovered that elements were present in triads. The middle element in each triad had average properties of the other two. In 1862, a French geologist, A.E.Beguyer de Chancourtois created a chart by putting together elements on a cylinder basing on escalating atomic mass (Scerri, 2007). He was able to make out that the properties re-appear within every seven elements thus predicting the stoichiometry of several oxides that were metallic in nature (Carpi, 2003). In 1863, an English chemist John Newlands then proposed the Octaves basing on the musical range periods. It is dictated that elements housed within the table bear related characteristics to the elements appearing eight intervals after they do. As a result of this discovery, Mendeleev was instrumental in coming up with eleven groups for all elements in existence at the time. This proved the existence similar elements whose atomic mass differed by a multiple of eight. During his time as a chemistry professor between 1860 and 1890, Mendeleev crafted a book, in which he classified elements in groups bearing resembling properties. He started with halogens, and then followed up on metals as per their combining power. He came up with the inference that some metals showed multiple properties hence could not be easily categorized. He arranged the elements in a table in ascending atomic mass (Carpi, 2003). This table illuminated that elements showed similarities in different fronts such as vertically, diagonal networks, horizontally and not just in minute triads. He then moved seventeen elements from their preliminary positions by changing their atomic masses. My interest in the table derives its basis from fully understanding how to use the table at the moment. I previously found the table difficult to comprehend. Metals are on the left and, non metals on the right. The middle rows have semi metals; furthermore, the elements are put together in escalating order of atomic number. Various elements in the table can be synthesized in an art
The law of diminishing marginal returns states that when a firm mixes variable and fixed inputs, the marginal productivity of the variable input decreases with increases in use. It is the point where marginal physical product curve starts sloping downwards towards x- axis and beyond it. This is due to the fact that if more of the input is added to the production process, a maximum point is reached where any additional value of inputs will result in a decrease in total output. For example, in the farm activities, when more of a variable input, like fertilizer, is added holding other factor inputs constant, the output level is increased up to a point where any additional fertilizer application will result into a negative output levels (Answers to end of chapter questions 2010). Decreasing economies of scale Economies of scale refer to cost benefits accruing to a firm when increasing its scale of operations over a long run period. Diseconomies of scale occur when increasing the level of output results into a higher average cost. Therefore, a firm with high level of fixed cost should increase its output in order to lower its long run average cost curve. Diseconomies may be caused by lack of cooperation, control and coordination due to the large number of employees in an organization which causes communication breakdown, thus lowering productivity and quality of output from employees. Example is that the size of an organization increases due to increase in the number of employees.
Introduction Many organisations rely on data and information to ensure the organisation operates efficiently, and are able to formulate strategies that are effective. To understand effectively business environment, the organisation and business has to gather information that is appropriate to a person, situation, phenomenon or problem. In other times, information that is required is already available but they need only to be extracted. However, sometime such information is hard to come along and thus the need for collecting them. Soho Cigar Shop of Tampa was established in November of 2009. It specializes in the sale of premium cigars to citizens in the city of Tampa and has seen the need to expand the business. It has already put in plans to start up a site so as to venture into the e-commerce market. Soho cigar shop wanted to conduct a survey on its current customers so that they get to understand there needs and also the survey would help the company to expand and reach out to a wider market segment. Data can be collected and processed in two main approaches. These are primary and secondary approaches. A secondary approach gathers its information from data that has already been gathered and analysed. This information can be obtained from books and periodicals (Axinn 35). A good example of secondary data is the population census. From this data information on the age-sex structure of the population can be determined. Primary source obtains its information directly from the respondents or environment. The difference between primary and secondary sources is that primary sources provide first-hand information while the secondary sources provide second hand information. Thus, the sources of primary information are observation, interviewing and questionnaire while secondary sources are documents. This paper will discuss how the primary approach method of using a questioner to gather data is used to make a marketing survey within the Tampa area. Methodology Before carrying out any research, it is crucial to understand the socioeconomic-demographic characteristics of the study population; this means that it is foremost to ensure that characteristics such as socioeconomic status, educational level, age structure and ethnic background are known in the case of a marketing research (Cateora 85). Moreover, it could be helpful to understand the population interest and attitudes towards participating in the study. In this case the study was done using a questionnaire. A questionnaire can be defined as a written list of questions that the respondent will have to record answers. This phenomenon differentiates between an interview and a questionnaire i