ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Over the past, smoking has posed a big danger to the community. Many people have become victims of smoking both directly and indirectly. The people who are affected directly are the smokers themselves while those who are affected indirectly are the people who stay near the people who smoke. Smoking therefore poses a very big problem especially to people who live as a group or as a community. In campus, the issue of smoking has been a major problem. This is due to the risks associated with smoking to the students as well as the workers. However, the issue of whether smoking should be outside or inside the campus has been controversial. Discussion From my point of view, smoking should completely be barred from all public places where people are mixed up. This is because smoking has been found to affect both the smokers as well as those staying around them. Therefore, when smoking is carried out inside the campus, those people who are non-smokers will also be affected. Some will even be forced to move away from the places like entertainment halls in case someone smokes around them. This denies them their right as individuals. In other words, people should smoke outside the campus to avoid interfering with other people’s lives. Another reason why people must smoke outside the campus is to avoid peer influence into smoking activities. Peer influence is one of the main ways through which people are ‘recruited’ into smoking. Therefore, by allowing smokers to interact with non-smokers while smoking in campus, this may cause non smokers to adopt the vice. Thus, people should smoke outside the campus to avoid such temptations. Also, smoking is closely associated with abuse of other drugs like cocaine. Most of the people who smoke are also victims of other drugs. Therefore, banning smoking within the campus will still be preventing the spread of other drugs’ abuse among the campus students. In the same way, banning smoking within the campus will make smoking a burden to the smokers. This is
As InterClean merged with EnviroTech, we identified various criteria that served our efforts to formulate the best team to carry the firm forward in the areas identified as priorities by CEO David Spencer. Among these we used Competency Profiling, Critical Incident Technique, Threshold Traits Analysis, Position Analysis Questionnaire and the Common Metric Questionnaire (Job Ananlysis Methods). In using these methods with the assistance of Janet Durham and Carol Stanley, our aim was to come up with the most dynamic team that is able to propel InterClean into a prosperous future. The evaluation yielded some interesting results that brought out the best of both companies. We have now shortlisted three candidates from each firm who both showed great aptitude in the areas under consideration. The hard skills we considered were; sales history, client retention and conformity with previous sales objectives. The soft skills we considered were; readiness to embrace the new sales requirements, professional attitude in handling clients and understanding of the sales scenario in the expanded firm (Frost). As such, we sought two team leaders/co-ordinators that will spearhead the team assimilation process. These two were identified as the older sales reps that have considerable experience and readiness to adapt to the new strategic requirements as stated by CEO David Spencer. We also sought three dynamic individuals who will handle demonstrations of new products that are the result of the merger. They will take the responsibility of keeping a watch on their team-mates and helping them understand the demands of the new roles while educating them on the new products. Lastly, we sought one multi-faceted individual who is ready to take on the role of a dynamic moderator ready to link the sales team with new external clients who are now part of the customers we will be seeking. In this way we will be able to cover all fronts with an internally strong and externally dynamic sales team. This brings to a total of 6 the number of sales reps we will require. Consequently, we came up with a score-card compendium of the above factors that enabled the following individuals to secure a place in the new dispensation. Employee 1 had the best score, ranking high in the areas of sales returns, experience and client handling. Empl
A landfill system is an organized method of waste disposal that involves burying waste materials on fields or pieces of land set aside for that purpose (Kemp, 2004). Landfills are also used for waste management purposes. For instance, they can be used for temporary storage, processing or consolidation of waste materials for transport to other disposal locations (Bagchi, 2004). Landfills have been criticized and opposed by environmental advocates because of their effects on the environment. Several policies have been enacted to regulate and control their impact on the environment because of poor management. Landfill systems face several issues in regard to current environmental regulations. Poor management of landfills causes several issues that include disruption of infrastructure, pollution of the environment, wildlife disturbance, reduction of property values, and pollution of land and water reserves (Weber, Watson, Forter, & Oliaei, 2011). The heavy vehicles used to transport waste cause damage to roads and contaminate land as well as underground water. In order to mitigate the problem of soil, water, and road pollution, several stringent regulations have been created. For example, in certain countries, wheel washing systems are mandatory for companies that offer waste disposal services (Lehmann, 2007). Landfills release greenhouse gases such as methane when waste materials decompose. Greenhouse gases pollute the environment and contribute to global warming (Lehmann, 2007). Regulations such as gas collection and utilization systems and landfill liners help to alleviate these problems. Another issue that landfill systems face is on-site odor, proliferation of vectors, dust, noise pollution, and wildlife disruption (Kemp, 2004). The decay of organic materials releases gases that are highly toxic and that have bad odors. Finally, poorly managed landfills lower the value of property in surrounding areas (Brux, 2015). Therefore, it is crucial for landfill owners to maintain high standards of system design and management. Another critical issue that landfill systems encounter is the presence of toxins in waste materials (Weber et al., 2011). Many waste materials from industries and households contain toxic substances that release toxins after decomposition. The toxins are released into the soil and cause pollution of land and underground water. Examples of waste materials that contain toxins include household appliances, televisions, industrial effluent, and computers. They contain highly toxic substances such as mercury, PVC, lead, and acids (Velinni, 2007). Another toxin found in landfills is leachate. It is formed after the infiltration of water through decayed waste materials. This substance pollutes underground water, soil, and waterways (Velinni, 2007). Environmental protection agencies develop regulations that are aimed at reducing environmental pollution, emission of greenhouse gases, and improper waste disposal. These regulations have dire financial consequences on landfill owners because o
A Brief Description of an Organization In 1984, Apple Computers, Inc. shocked the world with its Super Bowl Commercial, which ended with the words: “On January 24th, Apple Computer will introduce Macintosh. And you’ll see why 1984 won’t be like ‘1984’” (Mac History, 2012). Later, the company shocked the world again by fulfilling that promise and introducing the Macintosh. Although the majority of people at that time did not even know how a computer looked like or how it could be used, due to a simple design and relatively uncomplicated mechanisms, people accepted the innovation. Moreover, it turned the world upside down. Apple’s evolution started in 1976 with Steve Jobs, Ronald Wayne, and Steve Wozniak, hanging out in Jobs’ parents’ garage. Instead of creating a rock band (which other trios would possibly do in those circumstances) they made their Apple I (Richardson & Terrell, 2008). Later, Ronald Wayne sold his part of newly created Apple, and Steve Wozniak left Apple as well, what made Steve Jobs the only leader. During the years of its existence, Apple Company has experienced many ups and downs. Still, it remains one of the richest and the most valuable organizations in the world. In addition to its computers, the company has also introduced the iBook, iPad, iPod, iTunes, which is the media player software, and does not plan to stop there. Factors Affecting the Performance of the Firm Even the most powerful organizations have to do something to remain such. Apple Inc. is not an exception. This company operates in the electronics industry, which means that the competition is so intense there that Apple has to consolidate its status constantly and once in a while prove that it is better than others. Consequently, there are several factors that can affect Apple’s performance if it ignores the need to do this. The pace of innovation and high expectations that people have As Boone and Kurtz (2012) state, the private enterprise system is regulated by “the invisible hand of competition” (p. 8). Indeed, it is. Competition is what drives the whole system, and the electronics industry Apple operates in does not make things any easier. Since the twentieth century, when the industry appeared, it has been one of the most attractive fields for both talented employees and consumers
Taking care of one’s body is necessary to lead a healthy, long, and prosperous life. Many factors contribute to an individual’s overall health, including their living conditions, daily routine, the amount of exercise, and, of course, their diet. Having a balanced food intake to supply the body with the building blocks it requires to function is especially important, with many possible food options available. However, sometimes eating healthy can prove to be difficult, and people might want to enrich their diets with supplements and vitamins. Vitamins E and D are considered by many to be a staple of a healthy lifestyle and they are believed to present various benefits. This post attempts to discuss the benefits, as well as the detriments, of using E and D vitamin supplements. The final goal will be to determine whether everybody should enrich their diet with them. First of all, it is important to note the positive effects vitamin D has on human health. Vitamin D, usually found in fish and some plants, ensures that the body absorbs calcium and one’s bones grow properly. It can be obtained from food and exposure to sunlight, as well as various supplements. Many foods rich in vitamin D can be expensive, or unavailable throughout the year, so taking supplements can be a good alternative. The usage of vitamin D supplements, in my opinion, is also vital to maintaining a healthy lifestyle in places without much sunlight. Furthermore, it has been proven that vitamin D intake and the usage of supplements can decrease all-cause mortality rates in adults and elderly people (Simon, 2008). I think that everybody should enrich their diet with vitamin D, as its effects are beneficial to an individual’s well-being. As for vitamin E,
Summary of the Pertinent Facts of the Case The Ministry of Affairs is comprised of multiple units, and cooperation among them is essential to the Ministry’s efficiency as a whole. Each unit has a clear hierarchical structure, and they share the common organisational culture of transparency and a commitment to work. Staff members value teamwork, and they operate from a mission to increase the Ministry’s productivity and professional success. The Ministry cooperates with multiple mass media, other UAE ministries, and consulting companies in the external environment. Thus, its internal organisational events are often disclosed to the public. The unit described in the case is responsible for policy-making, harmonisation of all units, and control over compliance with assigned responsibilities. Therefore, the unit is of great significance for the smooth execution of the Ministry’s internal and external operations. The important staff members in the unit are Ahmed, Salem, and Haman. Ahmed is a newly appointed manager of the division responsible for the development and running of applications. Ahmed is dedicated to his work, yet he does not have any experience as a manager. He enjoys a great personal relationship with Salem, his superior manager; in fact, Ahmed actually attained his current position thanks to Salem’s help rather than his own competence as a manager. Salem is known as a conservative manager, but at the same time, he encourages the career growth of those close to him. Haman is another section manager, and his main objective is to become a top manager in the unit. In comparison to Ahmed, Haman has sufficient experience to earn a higher-level manager position, and since Haman has a strong moral obligation to comply with ethics and to reward professional merit, he begins to disrupt Ahmed’s plans. Ahmed’s appointment to a new position has multiple adverse consequences. First, his lack of experience and appropriate qualifications results in the division’s poor performance. Moreover, Haman’s disapproval of Ahmed as a manager interferes with communication between their divisions and compromises cooperation. Haman suppresses all of Ahmed’s decisions, and these problems also contribute to a developing mistrust and insecurity among employees. Certain Ministry projects are at risk of stagnation or even failure, and this dire situation in the unit draws the attention of other ministries’ managers who conduct a thorough investigation. Appraisal of the Situation in Relation to Broader Issues, Theories, Concepts, and Principles The identified problems are primarily related to issues of leadership and ethics. Ahmed’s manipulation of personal relationships in order to attain career growth and Salem’s encouragement of Ahmed’s work in an area outside his professional competence may be considered violations of organisational standards and ethics. But it is possi
Music in Canada has played a bigger role in shaping the country’s economy. The British, French, and natives have greatly contributed to molding the musical industry in Canada. For a long time, female contribution to the Canadian music industry has not been recognized. Despite great advancement being experienced in the music industry, little has been made in Canada to ensure that female artists have been raised to standards their fellow men artists are in (Walcott 125). Most of the time, they have been treated badly as compared to male artists. For a long time, women have been struggling to emerge in the limelight of the music industry. They have not been getting admitted to formal academies to take careers as musicians. This has led to most of them performing poorly both in local and international spheres. Their urge to be recognized has not let them give up. Most of them have been willing to give up everything for the sake of ensuring that they are recognized in the country. They have given up getting married and raising families as they see these as barriers to their efforts. Despite their entire struggle, there has been little recognition of female artists in Canada. Most of these artists do well in international spheres but do poorly in Canada. Most musical awards offered in the country are seen to be awarded to male artists with females only participating in those awards that are specifically for the women category. Little effort has been made to gauge them with male artists as they are deemed to be poor in music. Despite Michelle Wright being very instrumental in the music industry, she has only been recognized as th
Periodontal disease is caused when the tissues supporting our teeth get infected attacking the gum in our mouth. The gums lose their firmness and a gap, called the sulcus, gets created between the gums and the teeth. The tissues which support our teeth start to break down due to the disease. To cure periodontal disease periodontal therapy is undertaken. It has been found that patients being treated with periodontal therapy need to stop smoking to maintain their oral health and thus, cessation of smoking should be the first step of periodontal therapy. Smoking considerably increases bleeding of the gums if the area undergoing periodontal therapy is probed. Periodontal therapy includes probing and various periodontal attachments and due to smoking the depth of probing could become compromised or the attachments may also be lost. Smokers also show a diminished response to periodontal therapy since it is very difficult to eliminate the sub-gingival pathogens in smokers. (Spring, 2008) Smoking also causes a hindrance during hard and soft tissue grafting carried out in regenerative therapy. Although, when the patients undergoing periodontal therapy stop smoking, the harmful effects of smoking on their oral health cannot be reversed, yet researchers have proved that the rate with which they lose attachments and bone in their mouth slows down to a certain level after the patients quit smoking. Also, when compared to other smokers and non-smokers, the degree of their disease has been found to be intermediate. It has also been proved that if smoking cessation is viewed as the initial step for successful periodontal therapy then those patients who have quit smoking respond in a similar manner as non-smokers do. Researchers have found the basic reason why smokers do not properly respond to periodontal therapy or why smoking lessens the effectiveness of the outcome of either non-surgical or surgical periodontal therapy. (Matthews, 2002) The body’s defense mechanism in smokers becomes very weak due to which positive healing responses do not get promoted in their body and they sometimes quit even before their oral surgery since they want to recover quickly. Such patients should understand that smoking has negative effects on periodontal therapy since its advantageous outcomes may be completely undone by their smoking habit. This is because if the patients undergoing periodontal therapy smoke tobacco then certain enzymes are released which causes an increase in the periodontal disease where a bacteria infects the bone, gums and the attachment fibers which provide support to our teeth holding them in our jaw. (Spring, 2008) But when the patients quit smoking not only does the defense mechanism of their body kick bac
Jakobson’s Essay Passage The first part of this paper expounds on the book of Roman Jakobson Two aspects of language and two types of disturbances. In this assignment, I have chosen this passage from the above-named material and am going to put it into perspective according to my understanding of the matter. The passage is; “ If aphasia is a language disturbance, as the term itself suggests, and then any description and classification of aphasic syndromes must begin with the question of what aspects of language are impaired in the various species of such a disorder. This problem, which was approached long ago by Hughlings Jackson, cannot be solved without the participation of professional linguist familiar with the patterning and functioning of language.” (Jakobson, 49) Here Roman Jakobson is trying to emphasize and relates aphasia as a language disorder and various species disorders which impairs language understanding and speaking, this is mainly directed toward young children as these disorders are very much supposedly going to be seen mostly in them although there are also cases in the adults due to brain damage, this happens when the left Perisyvian region, Wernike’s area and Broca’s area included are damaged and the result is what causes aphasia. Aphasia here deters fluent speech and understanding of languages (Jakobson, 49). In this passage, Roman Jakobson tries to alienate the aspect or the syndromes that bring about this disorder and how this can be solved. He is stating that this questions that have been addressed before by a certain scholar called Hughlings Jakobson long time ago and cannot be solved by one if they do not indulge professional linguist that is fashioned with functions and pattern of language. Mont Blanc by Percy Bysshe Shelley This second part of this paper is an explanation of how a chosen stanza from the poem; “Mont Blanc” applies from the Roman Jakobson passage above. According to the second stanza of the poem the “Mont Blanc” the original work of Percy Byshe Shelley. In relation to the thesis and essay of Roman Jacobson on the Two aspects of language and two types of disturbances, this stanza applies to this essay like the following; The stanza is basically expounded on the forces that nature has and the impact it causes in our daily lives, instead of the narrator considering nature as benevolent and gentle he takes in the direction of the force that this nature force has in the human mind, this understanding is the same concept that Jacobson addresses while addressing language disorders which are environmentally affluence (Blanc). This concept in the human mind viewed as a representation of consciousness in nature is what the essay terms to the concept that is favorable for the understanding of languages and also being able to speak, as the narrator of this poem says “The Arve river and the surrounding ravine complements the beauty of each other” so does the speech and understanding does to each other as in the essay thesis. The power of imagination is what both the narrator of the poem and the thesis in
Introduction With the rising forces of globalization, organizations should seek to be more flexible and competitive to handle the arising challenges successfully. The majority of organizational changes are carried out in a planned approach in an effort of attaining the set objectives (Kaufman, 2017). Nevertheless, changes in the organization may be triggered by either internal or external forces and may be planned or unplanned. Main body Planned internal changes might be considered a tactical move to transform the nature of the organization or the manner in which it conducts business. This may be either through varying the products or services, changing the organized structure, or expanding the size of the business (Bayerl, Lauche, & Carolyn, 2016). Several aspects such as technological innovation and improvements in communication and information networks are external in nature but may be implemented in a business in a planned manner to facilitate its success and boost overall productivity. Unplanned internal changes may be considered the reforms that occur in a firm without having been premeditated and are not strategic interventions. In most instances, unplanned internal changes happen in reaction to either a variation in the demographic constitution of a firm or are attributable to performance gaps (Kunisch, Menz, & Ambos, 2015). On the other hand, vital external aspects such as economic uncertainties and modification of government directives have a critical role to play in obliging organizations to undergo unplanned changes. Conclusion The management of change in the organization acts as an imperative pre-requisite for the achievement of competitive benefit and switching from the current situation of practice to a required futuristic mode of operation. In this aspect, there is a need to develop and execute a course of action that will ensure effective management of change.