ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Sampling According to the research conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (2015), an estimated 1.5 million prisoners were detained in federal or state correctional facilities across the US. Therefore, the large number of inmates held in prisons is the first challenge that needs to be dealt with regarding the research on mental and physical health needs of the incarcerated. Reducing bias during the process of sample selection will be possible through the implementation of random sampling that implies that each member of the population has an equal chance to be selected. However, because the population of inmates is scattered across the country, the pool of available subjects becomes skewed to the region where a researcher resides, thus causing bias in selection. On the other hand, random sampling can be used for selecting the correctional facility that will be involved in the research. For example, to account for both male and female inmates, a researcher should compose a list of all facilities and then differentiate them by type (male or female). Then, a random facility will be drawn from the lists of male and female prisons thus allowing a researcher to reduce the sample size to a much lower population number. Because the number of prisoners in a correctional facility exceeds a few thousand, it is necessary to follow the selection of facilities with the selection of the actual research sample that will participate in the study of mental and physical health needs. Stratified sampling may be the most efficient and effective because it reduces error (Explorable, 2016). In this sampling method, a population is divided into different strata (groups). Then, a researcher randomly chooses the subjects for research proportionally from each population. It will be efficient to divide the population of inmates in prisons by age to account for the differences in mental and physical care needs. It is highly likely that the health care needs of an older population in prison will be much more diverse and specific than those of the younger population. Stratified random sampling will allow the researcher to be more statistically precise in comparison with simple random sampling. This occurs because the variability within the strata is much lower than that of the entire population of prisoners. Furthermore, a stratified random sample cannot be considered biased because individuals chosen for research are selected randomly from the identified strata. Research Design The second scenario of conducting a study on the effectiveness of a new educational program for i
The process that presupposes sales of a specific product can be selected for the analysis. The success of the given activity depends on the effectiveness of marketing strategies and such factors as the product itself, price, place, and promotion. In such a way, the company, for instance, Tesla Inc., should consider these factors with the primary goal to increase sales of its cars and generate additional revenue. It means that the combination of the four Ps (price, product, place, and promotion) should be relevant enough to attract clients. The manager has several options on how to improve the given process and attain desired outcomes. First, the pricing strategy should be established following the peculiarities of the target population and their buying capacity. Sales of a product critically depend on the improved understanding of the clients’ major features and available costs (Kotler & Keller, 2015). For this reason, the introduction of a flexible price and individualized approach for payments can be an effective strategy that will attract new clients who were previously not able to afford cars. The effective cost strategy is a working option to improve the selected process. The second option is the reconsideration of the approach to product and promotion. The existing approach to management emphasizes the importance of advertising campaigns and promotional activities that might help to popularize a certain good and attract the attention of clients (Rothaermel, 2018). For this reason, for the selected process, it is vital to emphasize the existence of unique features and underline the fact that owners of the product can benefit from an unusual offering that will increase their social status. The employment of these two options will help to improve the process and attain better outcomes.
Health risk in my community in Florida I live in Florida State near a phosphate fertilizer manufacturing company. Lately, there have been complaints from local farmers that their cattle’s teeth are browning. Local veterinary doctors have suggested that the disease is coming as a result of the over ingestion of fluoride by the cows. Some local scientists have established that the problem did not exist in previous years and it might be coming from poor effluent disposal from the fertilizer company. Delegates representing the local people were dispatched to the factory directors to enquire how they manage their wastes but no clear explanation was given. There is fear among the members of the community that the problem might be escalated to their health especially pregnant mothers and children below the age of two years. As Brown and Gunter (2000) note, Fluorine is a major by-product emitted by fertilizer factories specializing in the production of phosphate fertilizers. It can be emitted into the air and thus contaminate the air animals including human beings breathe. Studies have established that this leads to serious health complications like stillbirths, cancer, lungs complications and miscarriages (Gunter, 2004). Children below the age of two years succumb to death if exposed to the dangerous gas for more than six months. Bryson (1998), adds that wastes can also be released as liquid effluent which later percolates to the soil and water channels and poisons it. One in the soil, vegetables absorb it and pass it to human beings and animals when ingested. Animals are particularly affected because they feed directly from the poisoned grass. Milk from the cows is also contaminated and can affect a number of people in the neighborhood. Short-term effects have already been identified. A report by the local dispensary indicates that there have been a growing number of patients complaining about breathing problems. Stomachaches complaints has also shot up and local doctors are now fearing that the cause might be coming from the nearby factory. The long-term effects of fluoride emissions are serious and locals are living with fear for their health. The solution to the problem The solution to the health issue is to write a letter to the director of the US Environmental Protection Agency in Florida. His office has the powers to order a detailed and comprehensive laboratory experiment to prove or disapprove the presence of the killer chemical. It would not make a lot of sense to write to the state secretary of health since they work from the recommendations of the agency. The US Environmental Protection Agency also has sophisticated laboratory
In the article called “New ways of working: does flexibility in time and location of work change work behavior and affect business outcomes?” Blok et al. discuss factors that impact the increase of productivity and economic growth in business environments. The objective of the article is to identify ways to maximize efficiency at the workplace. The authors examine an approach called New Ways of Working (NWW) as a hypothetical way to increase flexibility of the time and location of work in order to improve business outcomes (Blok et al. 5075). The discussed research is made in a form of a case study. The authors describe the working process of three departments including 73 employees in total (the demographics of the participants represent the independent variables, whereas all the other data such as job satisfaction, level of collaboration, workplace flexibility and knowledge sharing are dependent on the impact of the NWW). The departments shifted from the traditional way of working to the new one. The research methods employed by Blok et al. include 2 questionnaires held six months apart, and a measurement system called [email protected] These tools were used to evaluate the effects of new way of working within a Dutch organization. Overall, the article by Blok et al. is consistent, presents detailed data, clearly introduces the research question and thoroughly discusses the findings. The purpose of the study is to investigate the efficiency of the new way of working and how it is able to enhance the working process of people and a company in general. The description of the research begins with an introduction; it explains that the NWW works on 4 main aspects introducing changes to physical workplace, technology, organizational culture, and management (Blok et al. 5075). He authors educate the reader about the NWW in order to clarify the objective of the paper and what is intended to research. Introduction is detailed and contains multiple references to the works of other authors in order to demonstrate the reliability and validity of the presented information. Besides, the introduction introduces the company under analysis and the changes that the NWW has brought there. The introduction ends with a clearly stated research question: “What are the effects of new ways of working in a task facilitating office on work behavior, and does this positively affect collaboration, employee satisfaction and knowledge sharing?” (Blok et al. 5076). At the same time, there is no clearly stated hypothesis and the research does not have a literature review section. Besides, the abstract of the paper does not state the findings of the research that is rather useful and important information. Methodology of the study assumes that the
Introduction The Chora monetary is one of the oldest and most important monasteries in the city of Istanbul, which was renovated by Theodore Metochites, who was a scholar and a statesman. It has a marble finish and fresco and mosaic interior. Among the surviving pieces are numerous portraits of the Holy Virgin and Christ, such as: ‘Mosaics of the Infancy of the Virgin’, ‘the Infancy of Christ’, and ‘the Ministry and Miracles of Christ’. The architectural design of the monastery is adjusted by each image, giving a three-dimensional element to each image. Virgin of Chora There is an image of the Holy Virgin, which faces the central bay of the Exonarthex, on the western side of the church, present in the lunette above the entrance, which is of keen interest. The image faces front, with a bust form, and the palm of her hand raised in the level of the shoulder, facing forward ( orans position). The image portrays an image of the Holy Virgin wearing a blue flowing robe which envelopes the top of the arch-shaped like a triangle. In front of her chest was Christ Emmanuel in an egg, grasping a scroll with his left hand and gesturing peace with the right hand. This image is called the Virgin of Blachernitissa, after the image present in a nearby monastery to Constantinople, Blachernae Monetary. The Virgin of Blachernitissa is surrounded by a choir of angels venerating and worshipping her, instructing the viewer how to properly conduct oneself in front of her. In Byzantium, like in other countries, images such as the Virgin of Blachernitissa are regarded as an icon primarily because of the person it represents. Significant instances in history make them even more popular and venerable, such as incidents of healing, protection, and other such miracles. The image in itself, according to written archives, is a culmination of many different images present in Blachernae monetary. Several 11th-century images have similar portrayals of the Virgin with a medallion of Christ Emmanuel, if not an image of the Virgin in orans position. On both sides of the image are the terms Epikepsis and Platytera. Episkepsis means ‘visit’, which may be inspired by the weekly miracles that happened in the late 11th to 12th centuries. The syllable skepe is meant both refuge and protector(the robe), which is a term that credits the Virgin as a protector, which pertains to the many instances in history where the Virgin protected the city. The word Platytera means “One who is wider than the heavens”, referring to the Holy Virgin as a vessel of Incarnation. Altogether, this means that the Virgin is an intermediary of the humans and God, an instrument to God’s mortality as Jesus Christ, an instrument of mercy, protection, and divine grace. The role of the Virgin as the container of Christ is emphasized by the presence of Christ Emmanuel within the mandorla at the Virgin’s breast. The importance of being a container is stressed in different passages of the bible in both the Old and New Testaments. This holds for the Ark of the Covenant, the
Lululemon’s current operation model focuses on reaching the “underserved but growing customer segment” (Ho 1). According to Lululemon, the educated and sophisticated modern woman is underserved in the current market. However, while this claim was true a few years ago, the situation has now changed and the ‘sophisticated woman’ in no longer underserved. Consequently, the company needs to change this operational strategy and focus on its growing customer base. For instance, the company entered a largely unexplored market where it enjoys a temporary grip on the current market share. Lululemon’s operations should focus on getting ready for the expected competition in the newly created and lucrative market. The new market entrants will likely seek to copy the unique strategies that have already been implemented by Lululemon. Lululemon’s strategy should also focus on alternative methods of accelerating growth. Currently, the company’s mode of operation has limited both the size and the location of its stores. Consequently, several hurdles limit the Lululemon’s business expansion. The company should come up with strategies on how to stimulate expansion through alternative methods. For instance, Lululemon’s online expansion is not limited by the factors that limit physical expansion. Marketing Lululemon must perfect its community-based marketing strategies. The company’s marketing strategy combines both its customers’ lifestyles and its brand name. This strategy involves a “grassroots marketing approach where Lululemon develops relationships with yoga instructors and other fitness instructors” (Ho 1). Furthermore, Lululemon’s marketing strategy prompts the company to organize and sponsor community-based events. This marketing strategy is responsible for Lululemon’s successful acquisition of a unique market share. For example, companies such as VF Corporation and Gap have tried in vain to compete with Lululemon’s marketing strategy. The company’s competitors have a hard time aligning themselves with community-based marketing. Lululemon should harness and perfect the community-based marketing strategy to ensure future success and market-share sustenance. Any other company that seeks to emulate the success of Lululemon will take a long time before it acquires the benefits of community-based marketing. Therefore, community-based marketing is one of the strategies that are of utmost importance to Lululemon. This strategy has created a clear pathway for the company to advance whilst experiencing a slight amount of competitive pressure. Some of the practices that can be employed when harnessing the community-based marketing approach include rationalization of community interaction. It is possible for communities to feel exploited and capitalized on when community-based marketing is done in a rush. Consequently, the company should ensure that any interaction with new or existing communities happens naturally and it is not intrusive or forced. Accounting and Finance Lululemon has had significant financial success over the last few years with its statements
Introduction Depression is a state of mind that causes an individual to feel persistently in a bad mood. It affects several aspects of an individual since it influences the behaviour, feelings and thoughts of the person (Cohen 1980, p. 90). Therefore, depression is a form of psychological distress that affects the overall quality of an individual’s life. Studies have shown that the socio-economic circumstances may contribute to the development of mental illness. It is suggested that individuals with lower socio-economic status are at a higher risk of developing mental illnesses (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2013). The mental disorders that are likely to occur due to socio-economic circumstances such as employment include depression and other anxiety disorders. Studies have shown that there are several types of psychological distress and some include health-related distress and general psychological distress (Munir et al. 2007, p. 5). Depression is an example of general psychological distress. Health-related distress mainly comes about due to the person’s health condition and the factors that characterise those conditions. Examples include the demands associated with the illness and the necessary adjustments to be made. This paper will examine the impacts of depression on the employees’ work performance and attendance and look at how managers can deal with hidden depression in such employees. Impact of Depression on Employees’ Work Performance and Attendance Individuals suffering from chronic illnesses such as diabetes, heart disease and cancers may experience distr
The case study shows how one accident may influence and change human life and how to use of the Clinical Reasoning Cycle and realize that people may need more than just expected nursing care (Levett-Jones, 2013; Salminen, Zary, & Leanderson, 2014). The Clinical Reasoning Cycle consists of several closely connected stages that cannot be ignored and have to be implemented to offer a patient an appropriate level of nursing care in a particular situation. These stages are  1. the identification of the facts about a situation,  2. the collection and processing of all the necessary information,  3. the recognition of nursing problems for consideration,  4. the establishment of the goals to be achieved,  5. the description of nursing care to be offered with the strategies to rely on  6. the explanation of the outcomes (Levett-Jones, 2013). The current paper is an attempt to analyze the situation of a particular patient, William Peterson (Bill), collect information about this person and the situation he suffers from, identify three nursing problems inherent to the situation, establish the goals for this patient’s nursing care, think about the actions that should be taken (a portion of nursing care), and the outcomes to expect from all interventions. The situation of the patient is rather clear. Bill is a 70-year-old retired print worker, who now works as a School Crossing Supervisor part-time. Six months ago, he witnessed a fatal accident with one of school children. Now, he suffers from sleeping disorders, terrible flashbacks, and the necessity of drinking about half a bottle to take a rest. He can do nothing to block the memories and follow the same style of life. He does not get the necessary portion of support because he is alone; the wife died several years ago, and they had no children. He becomes socially isolated and thinks that he can hardly restart his communication with friends and army fellows. At the same time, it seems weird that a person, who has survived the army and seen the death of people, faces such psychological problems. Maybe, it is connected to the fact that he does not have his own children and lose the one he tried to help. His psychological problems define his physical conditions considerably. Within a short period of time, Bill’s head is bowed in a quiet tone, and the loss of eye contact is observed. Regarding his medical history with his hypertension that is usually observed in many old people, Bill has a good health and should not take many drugs to keep his organism healthy. Still, one accident that happens three years after his wif
The role of women in narratives dictates the essence of women in society. Varda pieces dominate the screens, focusing on women and politics. The author uses many male protagonists to outline the importance of women in society. The platform that women are given ideally is a reproduction of all that is good, and thus, voicing such issues about women, and their influence becomes vital in today’s society. Such a piece intends to portray the feminist nature of the film Cléo de 5 à 7. The social perspective in which Varda produced her work makes it close to impossible for a woman to voice her issues. However, the author achieves feminist politics and influence without fear of her society. She uses characters to champion her intentions and, on most occasions, portray political, social, and spatial prowess in the community. Cleo, the film’s focus, uses her womanhood to navigate men-filled pathways to success. Her plight for power existence brings the feeling of inspiration to women. Women, through this work, are encouraged to find ways out of their comfort zones. Leadership is the right of every person, and taking advantage of the chance to accustom oneself to leadership, especially to women, eliminated the notion that only men can lead. Cléo de 5 à 7 is a masterpiece focusing on the fact that feminism is not merely a female emancipation project. Feminism from the film is rather a project that seeks to unfold hidden thoughts directing the understanding of the complexity of women in today’s societies. Women’s role in leadership should be emulated and held in the highest regard as portrayed from the film’s intent. Reference Varda, A. (1962). Cléo de 5 à 7. [Film].