ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction In the 19th century, western philosophers majorly relied on concepts derived from Kant’s works (Kishlansky, Geary and O’Brien, 2008). The influence of the 19th century western ideals majorly touched on idealism and ethical voluntarism, but more so, there was strong emphases on human will, with a strong emphasis on the human ego , the “I” concept, the human conscious and the mind. In the 19th century, western philosophy, there was a strong emphasis on the will of the human mind to first concentrate on oneself before, they consider others (Campo, 2009, p. 710). Do not forget to mention that, the 19th century western philosophy was characterized by a strong inclination to refer to elements of human feeling and imagination at the expense of human reason. The Doctrine of Mass Society The doctrine of mass society is greatly reliant on the emergence of a human group living in the modern era, and created after the industrial revolution. A mass society is defined by the breakdown of conventional or traditional societal customs for bureaucracy and prosperity. From a broader point of view, the doctrine of mass society can be used to refer to any society which subscribes to a mass culture, which is not sensitive to aristocratic values. In explaining how the western influence affected the doctrine of mass culture, do not forget to mention that, the doctrines prevailing in the 19th century significantly influenced the concept of mass culture from the basis that, individuals were seen to represent a society of undifferentiated and at
There can be only a few doubts the 2000 film American Psycho does serve as a metaphor to the clearly defined parasitic essence of the so-called ‘American dream’, concerned with people’s unconscious desire to impose their dominance upon others. After all, as the movie illustrates, in America, one’s ability to lead a socially prominent/luxurious lifestyle, has very little to do with the concerned person’s actual value, as an individual that contributes to the society’s well-being. Therefore, there is nothing incidental about the fact that, throughout the film, the main character of Patrick Bateman (Christian Bale) is shown being primarily preoccupied with bellyful idling – even in the scenes where he sits at the desk in his office. Apparently, the director wanted the character of Bateman to be perceived, as such, that allegorizes the very source of the America’s prosperity, concerned with the fact that American richest bankers (the country’s actual rulers) are being in the position to continue printing out the countless tons of a valueless green paper, which in turn is being traded for the world’s most valuable natural resources. In order to have this nothing short of a robbery more or less concealed, the country’s top-officials come up with the well-meaning but essentially meaningless rhetoric about protecting the values of democracy and combating the ‘world’s hunger’. In the similar manner, the talented demagogue Bateman also never ceases to position himself, as an utterly progressive individual – despite the fact that in the reality, he is a psychotic serial killer. It is needless to mention, of course, that the above-stated suggestion is rather speculative. However, I believe that it does not make it less legitimate – especially given what we know about the actual causes of the financial crisis of 2008-2009, triggered by the bankers’ irrational sense of greed and by their willingness to lead a luxurious lifestyle, at the expense of depriving the rest of their co-citizens of a chance to advance in life. It will not be much of an exaggeration to suggest that the film American Psycho is indeed strongly violent. The validity of this suggestion can be well illustrated, in regards to the scenes where Bateman murders people just for the sake of doing. The latter characteristic of his killing spree is discursively revealing, as it shows that Bateman’s obsession with violence was nothing but the subliminal extrapolation of his endowment with the strongly defined domination-seeking instinct. Being an utterly rich and
E-recruitment is the use of information technology to enhance or speed up the process of recruitment. This process includes seeking for employment, advertising vacant positions, and the major back office processes which link line managers and human resources personnel to local database. If e-recruitment is used effectively, it can help the company find appropriate candidate for the job vacancies, increase the range of applicants, enhance the experience of employees and make the process of recruitment fasters and more standardized than it was before (Reid 110). The number of people that can be employed using e-recruitment is as much as the number of newspaper advertisements. Most companies in the world have moved their recruitment process to online since now, a large population of people has access to the internet, whereby they can use the search engines to follow advertisement link to the web site to make applications in various areas in different companies in the entire world. Candidates prefer to do applications online because thus, they get an immediate feedback whether they have got the job or not. However, e-recruitment can screen candidates who are not qualified, and it does not increase the diversity of employees. This, therefore, means that e-recruitment has both advantages and disadvantages. This paper describes some of strengths and weaknesses of e-recruitment as a method used by human resource management to carry out recruitment process. Advantages of E-Recruitment One of the advantages of e-recruitment is its ability to reach the global world whereby many people can access and use the process. Companies that use electronic recruitment usually have larger number of applicants making the last believe that they must be highly competent to occupy the vacant position in the organization. Electronic recruitment is also cost effective. There are no payments to buy a space to place the advertisement like in the newspaper. It actually costs less to post job vacancy via the internet that, moreover, reaches broader audience as compared with the newspapers to which a limited percentage of people have access. In e-recruitment, there are no costs for postage, transport, and phone calls in job openings. Electronic recruitment provides employees with talent pool which they can use in future. When applications are submitted by the applicants, this is usually done automatically. It makes it easy for the company to track and list potential candidates who can be considered suitable to take position in the organization in the future. E-recruitment is also
First of all it would be necessary to admit, that if choosing from the suggested list of jobs, the most interesting for me would b the application of an archeologist. To discover the hidden secrets of ancient civilizations is the most interesting, necessary and important feature of the whole historical science. From the suggested list of archeological applications, as far as I can judge, the most interesting would be “Archaeology Field Techs/Field Directors”. It does not matter that some private firm but not the research institute offers this applications for the arranged excavations. The most attractive feature of the offered application is the topic of the research, i.e. hunting and agricultural activities of the North American Indians. To apply for this job it would be necessary to be familiar with the history and traditions of the autochthonous North American population. Moreover, archeology requires being physically endurable and a bit ascetic in the dwelling requirements, as not everybody bears living in a camp. As for the anthropologist, who has studied the issues of Indians’ hunting traditions, and poisoned arrows in particular, is David Jones. As a result of his historical, anthropology and archeology researches, he published the book devoted exclusively to the poisoned arrows of North American Indians. The field that Kathy Reichs’ research touches upon is definitely interesting enough, but to be the recognized expert in the physical anthropology it is necessary to be familiar not only with the anatomy, genetics, physiology etc. Anthropologist should feel the disgust, as sorting out the semi-putrid bones, one should have immense tolerance and courage. But getting back to the interests, it is necessary to highlight, that physical anthropology is really very interesting, and if one feels that he/ she has a calling to be the physical anthropologist, than, it is necessary to follow it, and never retreat on the way to the established goal.
Introduction Stakeholders in the education industry have criticised online education because of various reasons. However, it is emerging that differences in student characteristics may be a significant contributor to the perceived inadequacy of online learning. One trait is student learning styles; if educators learn about the relationship between learning styles and education environment (online or face to face) then they may improve their outcomes. Relationship between learning styles and education environment (online versus traditional) The theoretical model of learning style components states that learning styles are dependent on three key factors: student motivation, task engagement and cognitive processing habits (Aragon et. al. 2002, p. 233). They describe student motivation as a learner’s condition of motivation when presented by a new task. Sometimes, students may demonstrate independent motivation behaviour or dependent behaviour. In other scenarios, motivation could be avoidant or participatory. At times, it may be collaborative or competitive. Task engagement is the extent to which a student will pay attention to certain aspects of their education. This may be indicated by their enthusiasm, concentration levels or the way they participate in class. A student’s level of anxiety, their attitude, concentration, scheduling, testing strategies and many other factors illustrate the extent of task engagement (Aragon et. al. 2002, p. 236). Cognitive control is the manner in which a learner processes information. The student usually demonstrates this by their reflective observation, which is one’s ability to think about what they have observed. In certain circumstances, this parameter could be manifested as concrete experience. Abstract conceptualisation is also another way of demonstrating cognitive control, and the opposite end of this spectrum is active experimentation. It is insightful to know whether online students have a greater preference for reflective observation or concrete experience or whether they prefer to experiment actively in class. The same information is quite useful for traditional students, as well. Aragon et. al. (2002) carried out an analysis of the differences between online students’ learning styles and traditional students. They found “traditional students were more effective at using supporting materials and techniques than their online counterparts” (Aragon et. al. 2002, p. 236). Therefore, study aids are more suitable in face-to-face settings than in online communities. Additionally, “online students prefer to use reflective obs
The fluctuation of the salivary flow has been established via many studies but the times of fluctuation and the many factors that contribute towards it remain to be known. Saliva is an integral part of the oral cavity which helps to provide immunity to the body alongside other functions. This manner of fluctuation has been found to be close to the circadian rhythm. Cortisol as well as immunoglobulin A or IgA, are also very important components of the saliva, which help in providing immunity. The study is aimed to verify and ascertain the correlation of cortisol as well as IgA in the various cicardian rhythms. Studies such as those of Dimitriou et al, have already shown a cicardian rhythmic effect of cortisol peaks and falls in his study carried out on
Introduction The world of capitalistic relationships does not reject the intentional manipulations of the top figures in main globally known corporations in order to follow desires of some groups full of personal interests on the assets and profits they can achieve by an illegal way. The examples of bankruptcy are tremendous for the economy of a country where the headquarters of a definite company is situated. Moreover, it definitely reflects on the activity of financial players in Stock Exchanges, and first last and all the time due to the number of shareholders and the influence of a company on the financial stability it can lead to weakening of the national currency. The possible effect of such global financial disasters is considered by the governments so that not to concede the degree of probability of a corporation’s bankruptcy. This paper is dedicated to the problem of after-bankruptcy oyer and terminer on Cases of former Enron Corporation’s executives. Enron and its trial The former well-known corporation Enron was recognized as a bankrupt. There were many reasons for such event, one of which was the violation of current legal policies of the top-management team and board of directors including the official CEO. The situation was critical because of the involvement of many banks and governmental structures in the straightforward activity of the company. The ultimate attitude of law branch was quite uncertain in prospects of extra-ordinary precedent for the economic stability of the United States. “When Enron filed for chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in 2001, the value of much of its debt fell to pennies on the dollar. But hedge funds figured out that recoveries could be made by targeting the banks that worked for Enron.” (The Financial Times, 13, 2009) Yeager’s Case The famous trial according to the reasons of Enron’s bankruptcy had a very specific character, as many ways to achieve the truth were trite and had nothing to do with regards to judges and official plaintiff. Thus one of the main figures of this trial was Scott Yeager on whose destiny appeared the vast part of the details about the happened bankruptcy. “The U.S. Supreme Court ruled Thursday that former Enron broadband executive Scott Yeager could not be retried on lingering charges because a jury in 2005 acquitted him of others related to the same alleged scheme.” (The Houston Chronicle, June 2009) The innocence of Scott Yeager was accepted by the Court and the verdict of jury when the retrial process appeared after the main matter which had been adjourned for a period of time. Howard’s Case Another person having been convicted in false pretences, Kevin Howard, cannot outlive a crime, but the process of his Case had a facilitating character,
Abstract This study deals with the analysis of the balance of work and study in an organization. A balance of work and family is a major concern for employees in any industry or organization due to role conflict. The organization should support employees to balance work and family to ensure smooth running of their activities. The study briefly describes the concepts used in work-family balance such as work-family conflict and work family enrichment. The study also reveals types of interventions used in Industrial/Organization balance of work and family. The interventions discussed are Work-life benefits and programs (WLBPs) /Family friendly policies (FFPs), psychological therapies, psycho-social intervention and preventive intervention. The pros and cons of these intervention are also discussed. Introduction In today’s world, achieving a balance of work and family has been an issue to many employees and their employers. In American way of life, work has been considered as an important component of many American lives. The participation of women in the labor force has been increasing with time. This participation of women to paid employment has led to the change in their social roles which was their responsibility to their husbands and children. Although women participation in labor force has increased, they are still involved in household matters more than men (Apostal & Helland, 1993). This may cause women to have role overload and may lead to stress. Concepts of work-family balance Work-family issues from a stress perspective Many employers and employees have been faced with a conflict between roles due to the incompatibility between work and family demands. This is called Work-family Conflict (Greenhaus & Beutell, 1985). A balance of work and family can be attained and managed if both negative dimension of the conflict and positive dimension of the employee effort of balancing work and family are considered to facilitate a balance in a manner that the two tend to enhance each other (Frone, 2003) Family responsibilities Family responsibilities are the basic duties involved in a family such as taking care of other family members.children in a family requires care from their parents or guardians, and this has posed a challenge to employees to balance this with the work demands. This has been a major cause of work-family stress and is mainly determined by the number of children in a family
Burbank and Cooper discuss the means by which empires kept their often ethnically disparate, geographically distant, and rebellion-minded populations under control. Having conquered large territories and substantial communities by force, they then had to contend with the possibility of rebellion from the new regions for decades, if not centuries. The authors review empires that were able to sustain themselves for hundreds of years, nevertheless, such as Ancient Rome or China under the Han dynasty. In their research, they find that instead of trying to suppress the innate diversity of various populations, they acknowledged it and instead unified the people against an external enemy, often described simply as “barbarians” opposed to the empire’s civilized population. Combined with the discussion of other measures, such as Byzantine unification under Christianity, the book’s insights contribute substantially to the understanding of the Qing Empire’s politics. Hang’s article attempts to encompass the history of the Qing dynasty, the last imperial family of China, which lasted from 1636 to 1911. It gives a historical account of events, starting with the overthrowing of the Ming dynasty and the coronation of Hong Taiji. Coming from the barbarian Manchu tribe, he nevertheless relied on the divine mandate, arguing that it favored those with virtue rather than the right blood. Having established itself as legitimate rulers and eliminated the opposition, the Qing assimilated their nation of origin, Mongolia, ridding themselves of the barbarian status. The article then delves into the further history of the dynasty, marked by both conquest and rebellions that it suppressed as well as a cultural shift to Sino-centrism, and concludes with the Opium Wars and the 1911 revolution, which brought about the end of the Qing. The article’s relevance is in its descriptions of the various rebellions in the empire and the methods used to suppress and prevent them. Guy attempts to outline the ideological and organizational underpinnings of the Qing Empire by analyzing an essay written by the Yongzheng Emperor of China in 1723. The work deals with the provincial government and its policies, with which the emperor was dissatisfied. Per Guy, the essay represents a shift in imperial thinking toward the idea of administrative efficacy and reform to achieve it, both of which were novel ideas at the time. The work’s value is in its demonstration of the usage of the delegation of authority to provincial governors, who could address problems more efficiently, being closer to them. Xin critiques the current paradigms in international relations research, which focus either on Eurocentrism or on cultural reductionism. He presents the example of premodern East Asia, which was dominated by China and constitutes an anomaly that scholars struggle to explain. Both the mainstream anarchic and the cultural reductionist hierarchic approach are found inadequate by the author because they do not consider the multi-linear natu
Context By any standards, the nursing profession has encountered many bioethical issues due to the nature of duties involved. Under the principle of beneficence, it is the duty of professional nurses to enhance goodness, kindness, quality care, and charity to all patients, their health status notwithstanding (Mosby Inc., 2002). In addition to abstaining from causing injury to patients, nurses must also help their clients to further their well-being by offering interventions that will remove them from danger. In this particular case, however, there is an intricate discrepancy between the demands of beneficence on the one hand and the demands of the health care facility and code of conduct on the other. According to the case, Mrs. Corrine Worthen’s actions of enhancing goodness and kindness to the patient by performing dialysis on him results in more harm. This is the bioethical issue The factual information relevant in this case is the patient’s experiences and health status when a dialysis procedure is perfumed on him. The nurse has a duty not to inflict harm to patients, and must, under all circumstances, abstain from injuring clients (Mosby Inc., 2002). Yet the procedure that Mrs. Worthen is supposed to administer has, on the previous occasion, caused the patient to suffer cardiac arrest and haemorrhaging. Stakeholders The stakeholders in this particular case include the patient, family members, nurse, treating physician, and the trans-disciplinary team. The patient is guided by the personal value and belief that his well-being will be furthered, while the nurse is guided by the values of altruism, aesthetics, freedom, respect for human dignity, justice, and truth (Mosby Inc., 2002). The treating physician’s decisions about the patient may be guided by values towards paternalism, otherwise referred to as involuntary treatment. On their part, the trans-disciplinary team, led by the head nurse, is guided by the values of offering the greatest good to the patient, information disclosure, and an overriding desire to conform to the set Code of Professional Ethics. The family members have the values of decision-making and compulsion to protect their relatives (Konishi, 2003). A terminal illness, more often than not, leaves stakeholders with very limited priorities to choose from. The patient, however, has the priority of self-regulating and self-directing himself instead of waiting for decisions to be made by relatives. In other words, he has the priority of self-determination based on the information received from caregivers (Konishi, 2003). The nurse has the priority of thinking autonomously beyond the Code of Professional Ethics for Nurses and other concerns related to authority and reverence, but basing her thinking on altruism and respect for human dignity. The nurse also has the priority of being well informed about the underlying consequences that her decisions or approach may attract (Johnstone, 2009). Family members have the priority of giving the terminally ill patient a chan