ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Behavior is an imperative attribute that defines how a person relates to others in the society. This is apparent since behavior is an action or reaction that individuals exhibit in response to external and internal stimuli. In most instances, negative or positive behavior can be instilled in a person through diverse actions of friends and peer groups. For instance, bad behaviors are borrowed normally from individuals who are immoral and irresponsible, while positive behaviors are contributed by morally upright, wise or elite personalities in the society. The discussion on behavior enhancement is relevant taking into account that good behavior fosters peace, coexistence, productivity and good performance that is needed, while bad behavior encourages hatred, divisiveness and inhumane activities that kill cohesiveness. Currently, there are rising number of indiscipline cases in most schools and societies. The increasing cases are attributable to inferior behavior that individuals including students have formulated. According to the insight given by department of education, training, and employment (DETE) (2009), most students have developed queer behaviors in the recent past. They have become violent, irresponsible and rogues who do not take in instructions. The formulated behaviors have made them subject other students to inhumane practices. The unbecoming behaviors of students have also led to the increase of school unrest in the recent past in most settings. This trend has been worrying various stakeholders in the education sector, who affirm the need for reformation of students (Paton, 2012, p. 1). Based on the identified facts, probable strategies that can be a doped to help in mitigation of the problem of bad behavior are choice direction and description of obvious realities in life. Teachers and parents can implement these strategies effectively (DETE, 2009, p. 26). For instance, teachers can adopt a choice direction to nurture students. The strategy is viable since it entails directing learners to practice decent activities, engage in morally sound practices, and refrain from bad behaviors (Paton, 2012, p. 1). Teachers and parents can also use the strategy to educate students on the best activities that they should engage in and a choice of friends to make. They can as well be directed on career issues and decent ideals that shape life. Variably, the description of obvious realities is a strategy that stakeholders in the education sector can adopt and implement to ensure that students are nurtured well. The strategy entails giving students’ practical examples on how good behavior is an asset and its contrary effects. It holds the capacity of enabling students to understand obvious realities in life on issues that appertain to social and economic injustices. They will understand tha
The problems of individuality, choice, and struggle have always been topical for people. Because of the desire to find their own ways and move, individuals were ready to resist dominant stereotypes and find a new and unique meaning for their existence. The topicality of the theme preconditioned the emergence of multiple stories and poems devoted to it. Authors selected different approaches to show the struggle and the complexity of choice; however, they were united in the idea that the decision to act independently and oppose other views is always hard. The following poem and a short story can prove this assumption. Although they rest on different events, there are some similar ideas that should be discussed. The poem “The Writer” by Richer Wilbur revolves around the formidable challenge of achieving success in writing. The father watches his daughter trying to create a story. However, the task is complicated by multiple obstacles that are presented metaphorically. The daughter struggles before she can complete the work when the father fights against his own illusions and visions of how she should act (Wilbur). In the end, the poem emphasizes the fact that there is a clear understanding that a gild should find her own way to become free from her problems and find a unique style (Wilbur). In such a way, there is a description of the battle for the right to become free and move in a new and unique direction. The short story “A&P” by John Updike provides readers with a completely different message. A young boy is astonished by the beauty and sexuality of girls dressed in swimming suits (Updike 121). They enter the store where he works and triggers the development of a dilemma. They are inappropriately dressed; however, he risks and allows them to stay there. Sammy pays for it as he is criticized by the manager and decides to quit to follow his dream, which is embodied in these three beautiful girls (Updike 122). The story touches upon numerous questions, such as sexual, problems of youth, and choice. However, there is a theme of freedom and the ability to select your own way and follow it. At first glance, the poem and the story are completely different. There are a girl and a father who look for ways to find unique creativity and a boy who is inspired by his visions of sexuality. However, there is a common motif that links these stories to each other. They both revolve around the idea of freedom – the freedom to choose your own way and move in a unique direction. In a society characterized by the dominance of stereotypes and strict limits, this quality acquires increased importance as it helps individuals to remain themselves and differ from other people. Altogether, the poem “The Writer” and the short story “A&P” are focused
The verbal structure of a text should always be given great attention since it reveals not only the lexical and stylistic capabilities of language, but it also allows readers to draw conclusions about the intentions of the author and helps them to understand the thoughts of characters better. Importantly, some literary devices can be taken apart and examined easily, while some of them affect the reader’s comprehension or analysis indirectly. The purpose of this paper is to analyze how the literary device of point of view is utilized in Richard Wright’s short story entitled “Big Black Good Man”. Use of Literary Device First of all, it is essential to mention that this short story has a third-person narrator (Scott 49). The setting is revealed to the reader from the standpoint of Olaf Jenson, who is one of the story’s main protagonists. Notably, Jim is another crucial character in the story; however, the narrator remains uninvolved in terms of Jim’s thoughts. Therefore, the use of point of view as a literary device enables the reader to understand and analyze the thought process of one person, Olaf, while remaining unaware of the intentions of Jim. The man’s fear arises with Jim’s “deliberate movement of his gorillalike arms, he lifted his mammoth hands to Olaf’s throat” (Kirszner and Mandell 244). Interestingly, Olaf cannot comprehend Jim’s wishes or intentions and can only guess what he means by committing these actions. At this point, it is important to stress the fact that the literary device allows the reader to make his or her own personal assumptions and form an opinion based on the individual judgment and thoughts of Olaf. In addition, this form of narration enables the reader to observe the setting through Olaf’s eyes, using his thoughts to influence the reader’s personal position. The use of third-person narration in this short story contributes greatly to the development of tension throughout the reading. On the one hand, the reader faces the terror that the main hero has when meeting and dealing with Jim, despite the fact that this feeling turns out to be groundless and ambiguous. In addition, the narrator highlights that Olaf is not racially or nationally prejudiced and always welcomes men of various backgrounds. Nevertheless, Olaf refers to the visitor as a “black beast” (Kirszner and Mandell 244). Therefore, the reader’s attitude to Jim can be formed based on Olaf’s feelings and emotions, while Jim’s intentions are not specified directly through his thinking. On the other hand, the reader must also rely on his or her individual background, and this comprehension can either coincide or con
Strategies used by terrorists often involve materials that cause harm to people’s respiratory system, skin, or other internal organs, not only during the attack but also long after it is over. Many of these weapons fall under the category identified as CBRN (chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear) threats and are investigated by federal and international agencies as a separate set of dangers to the public (Janssen et al., 2018). These materials can produce different outcomes – short or long-lasting, massive or targeted, damaging or lethal. One of the biological organisms known for its use as a terrorist weapon is anthrax. Otherwise called Bacillus anthracis, anthrax is a “toxin-producing microbe,” discussed as an example because of its previous history of use in bioterrorism (Janssen et al., 2018, p. 112). The prevention of attacks that use this agent is a challenging task that has not yet been thoroughly researched. Thus a prevention strategy may be difficult to outline if one bases one’s plan on isolated local actions. Situations in which anthrax is used as a weapon have to be prevented on all levels, starting with major efforts to end the proliferation of this pathogen, and effective communication between officials and the public. Selected CBRN Agent Background As was mentioned above, anthrax is classified as a biological weapon because it is based on a bacterium. Bacillus anthracis can affect animals and humans, and the outcomes of the infection are often lethal (Ruggiero, 2016). The spores produced by the bacteria do not make people infectious to one another, although this does not mean that anthrax is difficult to spread across communities. In order to weaponize this agent, one can produce anthrax powder – a substance that can quickly move through the air and reach a person’s skin and respiratory organs. Moreover, this particular organism can negatively affect virtually any part of the body, thus making it versatile and deadly. For example, if anthrax comes into contact with someone’s skin, this person will develop lesions and ulcers. Although rarely fatal, these blisters can irritate the outer layer enough to infect the person’s blood (Moayeri, Leppla, Vrentas, Pomerantsev, & Liu, 2015). Moreover, an individual can inhale infectious spores, acquiring pulmonary anthrax. This form of the disease is much more dangerous than others and has the highest mortality rate, even when the afflicted person receives timely treatment (Moayeri et al., 2015). This toxin was chosen because it has been previously used as a bio-weapon on numerous occasions. The most prominent example is the series of incidents which occurred in the US in 2001, possibly connected to the previous attacks of September 11 (Janssen et al., 2018). In the autumn
The Woodstock Music Festival’s success in 1969 led to three attempts to revive its spirit. However, every time the organizers faced challenges while preparing for such a global event. The first Woodstock was the most popular, although not the most profitable. The targeted audience were supporters of pacifism, which made them peaceful attendees and allowed the managers to economize on safety. There were around a dozen police officers to keep an eye on 500,000 people (Cahn, 2019). However, if the managers had a more elaborate security plan, it would restrain the flood of visitors unwilling to pay. Moreover, they failed to provide enough medical and food supplies, so it is another topic to consider. For the next Woodstock in 1994, the organizers decided to review their strategies, setting the $135 ticket price. They prioritized security by establishing a fence and prohibiting alcohol and drugs but missed on other risks, such as the rain causing big amounts of mud. However, the visitors enjoyed it instead of trashing the venue or getting outraged and leaving, so it became an advantage (Wiederhorn, 2019). The organizers’ ch
Functional organizational structure is ideal for the company 1. Its structure should have two functional levels: managerial team at the top level hierarchy while programmers and supporting personnel – under it. Below, there is a chart to illustrate company 1 functional organizational structure: Each employee in all the levels has a task to perform in relation to their specialization. The company 1 top level hierarchy is headed by managers who have the following roles: they are responsible for planning and making strategic decisions, passing decisions to employees and controlling implementation of these decisions. They also control tasks realization process. Managers’ offices should be located in the company’s main office Ar-Riyad. All the 25 programmers and the supporting personnel are answerable to the management. Level two of the company’s hierarchy is the programmers and the supporting personnel. Each of this team has specialization in their functional roles. The programmers search for clients, provide technical support to their clients and do programming. The rationale for choosing this type of organizational structure for the company 1 is that each of the workers in this company has a specific task to perform depending on the specialization. For instance, the programmers have specific tasks to accomplish in addition to searching for clients, providing technical support to company’s client and doing programming. Company managers have responsibility of staffing, controlling and coordinating the company activities. Supporting employees are supposed to facilitate company functions for it to achieve its goal. Also, they are a part of communication link between the management and the other company personnel. Functional organization structure is suitable for this company because it has bigger software market. For instance, it has ten company clients from Ar-Riyad, two from Damman, one multinational company that specializes in business software and two other clients from Argentina. In addition, its activity coordination and specialization are centralized. Its managers oversee the company task coordination and specialization. To achieve its goals this company has to divide its operation according to functional areas in addition to possessing various levels of authority. Command flow is from the top (management) to those below (employees) in hierarchy. This structure will allow economies of scale within all company 1 functional departments. Additionally, it will enable depth knowledge and skill development and company’s accomplishment of its functional goals. It is also bested suited for company with one product like company 1. Matrix organizational structure is suitable for the company 2 because it can allow this company to address multiple business dimensions using multiple command structure. Below, there is a chart to illustrate the company 2 matrix org
Introduction According to Collins, a level 5 leader is an executive who has an exceptional ability to combine personal humility with a high degree of professional will. Level 5 leadership is at the apex of the pyramid of leadership and it differs from the other four levels in that it can make companies highly competitive. An example of a level 5 leader is Darwin Smith, the CEO of Kimberly-Clark who managed to transform the company from a loss-making company to a leading company in terms of profit margins for 20 years (Collins, 2001). Level 5 leadership A level 5 leader is a turnaround expert. This is because he or she can transform a company completely and move it from good to great. He or she uses his technical expertise, humility, and professional knowledge to coordinate the affairs of a company to increase efficiency and effectiveness. This leads to increased productivity of companies (Avery, 2004). There is an agreement of the above answer with Collins’ explanation of a level 5 leader. This is because Collins portrays a level 5 leader as a result-oriented leader with an exceptional ability to transform companies and move them to the glory of profit-making and excellence. The example of Darwin Smith also portrays a level 5 leader as a turnaround expert who managed to move Kimberly-Clack to great heights (Collins, 2001). Conclusion One of the things to do to become like a level 5 leader is to have the professional knowledge of management coupled with great personal humility. For a person to become like a level 5 leader, he or she also needs to master the art of selecting the right people to work with. He or she should also be able to establish an organizational culture that is characterized by high levels of discipline.
Introduction The colonization of America by settlers from Europe (England, in particular) was a complex and lengthy process that spanned many different periods and stages. The focus of this essay is the initial period that can be characterized by the first encounters between the newcomers and the native population of the continent. This stage of communication between the two parties was mainly based on the exchange of values, rules, and worldviews and did not pass without occasional conflict provoked by either side. Cultural differences From a modern perspective, the first encounters between the Native American peoples and the European settlers are elements of old history, to be studied through the omission of smaller details deemed less significant than the bigger and more prominent events. However, a closer look at the interactions between the natives and the newcomers that occurred during the initial stages of colonization sheds light on the challenges the two sides faced in attempting to find ways to handle their drastic cultural differences (Quitt 228). The fact that the native population was, for the most part, illiterate and nowhere near to inventing anything like the advanced technologies of the settlers made the latter believe that their culture was superior and thus possessed the right to conquer the “primitive” indigenous peoples and take over the American lands as their new territories. Cultural tension Even though both parties were open to an exchange of knowledge and becoming acquainted with each other’s cultures, the colonizers behaved in a more dominant manner aimed at encouraging the native population to assimilate and accept European values, ways of life, and religion (Quitt 229). It is possible that the settlers’ mentality was similar to that of modern historians who still refer to America as the “New World” (Merrell 538). In particular, this perspective views the continent as merely a newly discovered land; however, it was only like that from the standpoint
Terrorism is one of the major challenges of the contemporary globalized world. Developed countries (especially the USA) are often primary targets of terroristic attacks. Apart from international terrorism, the USA faces various issues related to home-grown terrorism. The US officials pay much attention to the terrorism-related issues, and the use of intelligence is often seen as one of the major ways to prevent it or mitigate its threats and outcomes (Woocher 49). Terroristic attacks are associated with a heavy toll and significant destruction. Importantly, terrorism often achieves its major aims and intimidates Americans. Prevention of terroristic attacks is essential, and the focus on home-grown terrorism is essential as the increase of extremism in American society can have a detrimental impact on the development of the nation. American society consists of diverse groups that may have different cultural and ethnic roots but can share major democratic principles. One of the consumers of intelligence can be the Homeland Security Advisory Council (HSAC) that focuses on various issues including home-grown terrorism. This consumer will utilize intelligence to detect malicious activities and prevent terroristic attacks. The agency launches various programs that involve the community, which translates into various successful operations concerning the prevention of terroristic attacks. For instance, cautions undertaken in Fort Dix (New Jersey) helped identify a network of terrorists who planned to attack US military personnel (Carter and Carter 147). Apart from detection and prevention, the consumer can also use intelligence to come up with effective strategies and changes in the corresponding policies. This outcome is as impo
Executive summary The findings retrieved from the survey conducted to determine the different factors which could affect the Cingular wireless demand. As discussed in the research’s methodology, the data obtained from this survey will be analysed by using SPSS. The report starts by identifying the sample size’s demographic profile. It will then discuss the findings obtained from the surveys main points, namely coverage area customers, ability to make or receives calls from anywhere, getting few calls dropped and good voice quality. It moves to discuss these major findings in close relation to the theories of consumer psychology and behaviour patterns with regards to Cingular consumption. These are all summarized and reiterated in the concluding section of this report. Data was collected using survey of research and it followed with an analysis of the results. It is said that results are reliable in the accuracy of the actual measuring instrument, where the sample group mostly represent the population. Regarding the validity of the findings, the results would decipher the analysis of the data collected and measured, providing a detailed evaluation of the findings with answering research questions. The last part of the survey questionnaire was created to gather information on the demographic characteristics of the survey’s respondents. This information was then utilized for classification purposes and is illustrated by the figures below. A total of 402 questionnaires were sent to customers, convenience sampling was used to reflect the personal opinion of respondents who had wireless services. Background From time to time, there are exceptional people that come into the world and revolutionize the way we live and think. The seeds they sow multiply infinitely and they all start with a brilliant idea. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone, making connections between people a dial away. Thomas Alva Edison’s creativity made electricity available to homes and commercial establishments that greatly aided in the early industrialization of the modern world. With the interconnectivity by telephone and movement of commodities facilitated by mass transport, commerce had an unprecedented boom. People were having better things that were coming from different parts of the world and it was all made possible by a spark in the mind of some brilliant people. What these people possessed were powerful ideas that not only changed the world, it transfigured the way we think (Vargas, 2008). Statement of the problem In spite of having an apparently largest market share, the company wishes to increase their market. A number of customers have expressed lack of satisfaction with the services offered. This has created the need for an investigation the factors that affect customer service delivery in wireless services. Approach and research questions This research paper aims to identify specific qualities required by customers in using the wireless phone and create a plan for effective measurement of the same and drawing inferences logically from the