ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction South Africa is one of the strongest and fastest developing countries in Africa. A country that was heavily affected by racial segregation during the apartheid rule that ended in 1994, South Africa has experienced massive growth in its economy over the past two decades. This may be attributed to its rich mineral reserves, especially gold. It has the strongest economy in Africa. Analysis of the Country Historical Issues South Africa is one of the countries that gained independence several years after other African states, and other states around the world had gained independence. The country was ruled by the Boers after the departure of British colonizers in 1910. Nelson Mandela, Walter Susuli among other leaders is lauded to have fought for the independence of this country. It is one of the African states with the best government structures. Economic Issues The economy of South Africa is one of the fastest developing economies in the world. This is due to good governance and rich oil reserves. The country has the best infrastructure in Africa, especially after hosting the 2010 FIFA World Cup. However, most of the South Africans, especially those living in the rural set-ups and in slums, live in object poverty. Social Issues For a long time, South Africa had experienced racial segregation where the whites and blacks had different status in the country. The blacks were considered subordinate to the whites. This came to an end when Mandela finally came to power. Other than the xenophobic movement that was slightly experienced in 2009, South Africans have come to appreciate cultural diversity. Technological Issues South Africa is not one of the giants in the field of technology. However, this country has come to embrace the importance of technology in running various sectors. The government has supported various initiatives meant to enhance technological developments. Institutions such as schools, hospitals, and business units among others have embraced the emerging technology. Geographical and Climate Issues of South Africa This African country generally has two seasons in a year. The country has winter and summer. During summer, the country experiences hot and wet climate, while in winter, the temperatures are rather cold. The country borders the Indian Ocean, making its beaches one of the most attractive beaches in the world. Health Status and Healthcare System in South Africa South African government has made concerted effort to ensure that its healthcare system reflects the needs of its populace. The population of South Africans has been on the rise over the past one decade, but the government has not been in a position to upgrade its health system to reflect this. According to Padayachee (118), although the government has made an effort to improve health facilities in major cities, people living in rural set-ups and slums lack proper medical facilities. Relationship between South Africa and the World Abstract South Africa has h
Looking at the current situation in the political world, it is impossible to omit the election of Barak Obama on the second term. Such forecasts were, however, the American opinion was against Obama. Still, the elections showed that people still support the first African American president and trust him. During the first days of his presidency in the second term, Obama has faced a dilemma concerning supreme courts. Justices Ginsburg and Breyer are two justices in a supreme court whose age is too high to allow them stay at their positions for a lengthy period of time. There is an idea that these two justices are going to leave their places after the end of Obama’s second term. However, much may happen and there is a possibility that Barak Obama would have a desire to replace them before. The dilemma whether Barak Obama would nominate another woman or two to replace Justices Ginsburg and Breyer or men are going to be chosen is rather contradicting. It is impossible to read Obama’s thoughts, therefore, we can just predict. On the one hand, the President had already nominated two women justices in a supreme court. Is he does the same with Justice Ginsburg, it would mean that he made three appointment. Moreover, if something happen to Justice Breyer, Obama would enter a history as the president who made it possible for women to get nearly half the quotes of the court. Even though it is difficult to predict, it is still possible to make an assumption and state that Barak Obama would choose two women to replace existing Justices. Such choice may be explained by a number of reasons. First of all, Barak Obama is the first African American president who underlined the fact that the USA got rid of racial discrimination. Even though the slavery abolition took place many years ago, the remains of the issue could be felt. The election of an African American president put an end on the discussions about the racial discrimination. Now, it seems that Barak Obama wants to go farther and to destroy the glass ceiling which bothers many women. Even though the gender discrimination is forbidden and women are equal to men in business sphere, glass ceiling still remains the problem in many companies. The nomination of two women as Justices may show the whole society that women can occupy leading positions and run successful affairs. Therefore, it should be stated that in case such actions take place, Obama would be remembered as the most democratic president. The actions conducted by the president on the national level are important. It is essential to remember that the actions of the President are seen to the whole society. Therefore, all he does can be checked. The efficiency of women as Justices would be checked as well, therefore, no one is able to contradict the fact that the actions of a president may have sense. So, I am inclined to think that Barak Obama should nominate women replace Justi
Dear [Professor’s Name], My name is [Your Name]. During my senior year, I took your class on [Class Name] and learned much valuable information on how to provide high-quality care to patients and develop leadership abilities. As of now, I am looking for a second degree in nursing in [Degree Name], so I would like to ask you to write a recommendation letter for me where you would outline my most significant accomplishments and explain why I am the best fit for the new position. I am much interested in attaining a second degree in nursing, especially after taking your classes and learning more about my own abilities and strong suits. Further education would seriously benefit my professional development and create a basis for my prosperous future career in the field of nursing. Given your inexplicable contribution to my knowledge and personal growth and knowing that you have completed multiple research projects in the field of [Field], I feel that it would be categorically helpful to receive a recommendation letter from you. I am confident of the fact that being a specialist in nursing allowed you to point out the significant issues that nurses get through daily. For me, this means that you have continuously built my commitment to the nursing specialty and always made sure to address the quality of work, interpersonal workplace relationships, and personal ability to cope with challenges. The qualities mentioned above are essential for my second degree in nursing, and from the bottom of my heart, I am genuinely thankful to you for always answering my questions and providing assistance. I am attaching the list of activities I have participated in and a copy of my resume for you to review. The letter of recommendation has to be submitted before [Insert Date]. Thank you in advance for reading this request for a letter of recommendation and for your deep concern. Everything I have learned from you during my studies will be helpful during my second-degree studies, and I am nothing but grateful for everything you had ever done for me. Regards, [Your Full Name] [University Name] [University Address] [E-Mail for Contact] [Phone Number for Contact]
The issue of climate change has been circulating the public for a long time. Despite the strong evidence offered by scientists about the reality of the threat, many people continue to believe that the problem of global warming is very much exaggerated. These different opinions are represented by politicians of various countries, who form the national strategies regarding this matter. Although many people do not support policies aimed at reducing the global warming effect, immediate actions must be taken to solve this issue since social and economic events of the past decades like mass migration demonstrate a disturbing trend that will affect the whole planet in the future. Realising the Threat Scientific Evidence The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (or IPCC), an international committee working on collecting and analysing facts about the issue of global warming, have determined that anthropogenic factor is one of the most serious ones associated with the subject. For instance, their Summary for Policymakers mentions that the carbon emission level has increased by 40 per cent since the times before the industrial society (IPCC 2013, p. 11). Most of this amount is created by fossil fuel and land usage. Besides, the ocean is one of the forces that is affected by this matter. It absorbs a large portion of carbon dioxide, which negatively impacts its inhabitants. It is easy to support the idea of global warming by ordinary people by judging the facts that they observe in the news. For example, one of the latest articles by The Guardian talks about the effect of the global warming on the Arctic ice, which melts and causes local animals to suffer from the lack of food (McKie 2017). It is easy to trace the logical outcome of the melting ice in Arctic and Antarctic regions, as the rising sea level threatens to flood the human cities, some of which appear to be the world’s largest economic centres. Even nowadays, it is possible to notice how winters and summers are becoming less typical than before. Governmental Effort Of course, the changing climate makes government officials step out with initiatives that would prevent future catastrophe. For instance, a range of American and European administrations has made an effort to impose higher fees on technologies that have a massive ecological footprint, specifically those using fossil fuel. Nevertheless, most of the world’s economy is not tailored to suit the modern need for reducing the production and operation techniques associated with the high level of pollution. Thus there are no revolutionary changes to the subject’s poli
Baseball as a game in the U.S. traces its origins back to the year 1978, when the game had no formal rules and special equipments. Although the game at this time was “crude” due to lack of rules, proper organization and representation, this never prevented its spreading because of its popularity that was spreading fast among the American citizens. By late 1860’s there was calls for need to professionalize the game; something that contributed to its development into a national game. Due to many complications that were arising due to the uncontrolled rate at which the game was expanding, there was need for formation of a national body that was to govern the game; hence the formation of the National Association of Baseball players (NABBP). Although not all clubs joined the organization, at least those that joined it made it to grow as a national organization that managed baseball activities. With time due to diversification of the game, there has been many major transformations and re-organization of the game, hence its present status as a well-known and respected game. For example, although previously individuals had tried to professionalize the game, there efforts achieved less due to many divisions and wrangles that existed. In many ways, this managerial wrangles and divisions were the main contributors or major building blocks of the currently existing baseball developments. For example, the managerial wrangles led to the formation of the USA Baseball in 1978; an organization mandated with the role of governing the game in the
In the modern world, with the development of technologies and an increase in sedentary work, an average individual spends more time inactive than earlier. This fact, combined with unhealthy dietary habits, provokes increasing obesity rates and other health problems related to excessive weight and low physical activity. According to Wewege, Berg, Ward, and Keech (2017), physical exercises are “mildly effective for reducing total body weight” (p. 635). This training program is designed for a particular client, accounting for their physical parameters, lifestyle, and goals. However, it also includes general recommendations for improving health outcomes. Multimodal high-intensity interval training is chosen as the means of achieving combined goals of improving body composition and aerobic fitness. Client’s Baseline Information and Goals The client is a healthy 24-year-old female who has prior experience in weight-bearing exercise. The client currently has a sedentary home-based job and spends most of the day without physical activity. Aerobic fitness (VO2max) is measured by resting heart rate method and estimated to be 38 ml/kg/min. The client’s resting heart rate is about 80 beats per minute, with no cardiovascular diseases. The BMI is calculated as 24.8, which is on the higher-margin of the norm. The percent of body fat is calculated with the measurement method and identified as 26.4%. The client reports dissatisfaction with her body shape and aims and breathing discomfort during physical activity due to the absence of exercising. Thus the goal of the program is to improve body composition and aerobic fitness. The client has also reported low motivation for exercising, caused by time consumption that affects her job and other everyday routines. Due to the prior weight-bearing exercises, the client reports high muscle strength and volume. That is why the main emphasis in assessing the results will be not on BMI changes but the reduction in body fat percentage. Thus, the positive changes in the waist and hip circumference are the main measurements of exercise efficiency. The aim is to reduce body fat percentage to the rates of 22% – 22.5%. As rapid changes in weight and body composition are stressful for the organism, the client is ready for an extended period of working out with stable long-term results. The training program is developed for four weeks to observe half of the intended body fat reduction, and prolonged for another four weeks when successful. The Rationale for the Choice of Training Program Although it is generally believed that any physical activity is beneficial for healthy individuals, the choice of the specific program should be made according to one’s goals. In addition to the aim, the physical parameters and client’s preferences should be taken into account. As Greenlee et al. (2017) note, lack of time is among the most common barriers to physical activity. The time efficiency of the training program is o
In trying to explain the meaning of ‘probable’ we assume that there is another thing that we can recognize as the indication of probable. We therefore know the meaning of probable by acquainting ourselves with the characteristics this ‘thing’ that makes ‘probable’ (Allen, 2008). In other words, we take the word probable as a tool in a toolbox characterised by its use. The function of the tool is diverse, and so is the function of the word. In the explanation of Wittgenstein’s conception of philosophy, the author Fann (1969, pg. 68) says that instead of asking for the meaning of a word, we should look for ‘the explanation of the meaning’. Probable events are those who’s knowledge of or our prejudice is not bound. In that we have no certainty of the outcome, when we refer to our previous encounters with the event, through first-hand knowledge or otherwise, we are unable to find congruent evidence that the event will repeat or occur in a given way. We therefore are left to rely on the inadequate resources that acquaint us to the event. The probable event is that which we understand only through the framework while the predictable event is that which we know its nature, before it happens and after it happens. According to Bernstein (1983), for the probable event we only have the “myth of the framework”. In relating to the explanation used above by Fann (1969), we can say that we are only aware of what the tool can do and not what it will do (we a number of outcomes but not the exact outcome). Therefore the statement containing the phrase ‘odds are 60% that he or she will win’ is a prediction. It shows that all outcomes are known and have been considered, we have a given percentage which fulfils the condition of winning and is our evidence (Matthias, 2010) of the outcome. The case of prediction of statistical correlations results to uncertainty and may prompt premature reactions that otherwise would not occur when evidence of outcome is available. Individuals have a free will to do that which they wish to do, however it is observable that when there is a consensus among individuals they are able to behave in a predictable manner based on matter that creates a consensus among them. The social structure of a society is held together by what Leach et.al. (1998) refers to as ‘social cement’ which arises as individuals become socialised and acquire common beliefs. Thereafter their behaviour becomes predictable because they will always act based on their beliefs. Individual’s behaviour will change o
Introduction Guillermo del Toro’s film Pan’s Labyrinth is a touching fairy tail, which combines reality and fantasy. It is not surprising that it won many academic awards. The film has deep sense and makes us to think more and to feel more. The story is about a little girl Ofelia, who arrives with her pregnant mother to her stepfather, fascist Captain Vidal. The cruelty of this man and the passiveness of her mother make Ofelia feel uncomfortable with the reality and she hides in a world of a dream, inhabited with fairy tale creatures. A way out of this kind is common for many fragile and helpless people in difficult situations, so in the Ofelia’s story we can see the pain and desperation of many people who lived in bad times like the period of the Spanish Civil War. Main Body The cruel Spanish reality of the Civil War period is reflected in the discussed film with deep understanding of people’s troubles and pain. We can note the profound interest of del Toro in that period of Spanish history. But as a man of art he prefers to think about such aspects of reality as human sufferings and feelings rather than about history research data. And he depicts the reality as he sees it with accuracy and impressiveness of a genies painter. Reality and a dream is mixed in the film, so sometimes we can hardly understand what is real and what is fantastic. For example, in a scene with a mandrake root fantasy completely penetrated reality: that root was given to Ofelia by a Faun to cure her mother, but then we suddenly see the root burned by Carmen in a real life. After this Ofelia’s mother dies in childbed and we unwittingly believe her death to be caused by the burning of that fairy mandrake root. But the most touching mixture of reality and a fairy tail we see in the end of the film. It exactly has two endings: in the real life and in the fantastic one. This equivocation creates unresolved tension and makes us to think about Ofelia’s faith long after the film ended. We try to understand whether she died in her labyrinth or did she became a Princess of the underworld. Pan’s Labyrinth does not tell us the history of Spanish Civil War or the real story of real people. It is concentrated on “how” questions rather than on “what” ones: the inside world of a person is claimed to be more important than the violent reality; not the facts but the feelings are analyzed here. Reflecting on the film we try to imagine how would we behave in the depicted situation, how would we withstand cruelty, violence, and horrors of Civil War? And how could that little girl overcome all her troubles? When we will find the answers on all these questions, we will become more mature as a person. The film may be indicated as one of the examples of a cubist art, because it analyzes reality from different points of view. The real life is broken here into several aspects, and both object and background planes penetrate each other, creating a unique and deep feeling. Like the most cub
Need to write an interpersonal communication essay? This topic is truly inspiring! This paper example explains the importance of interpersonal skills in building effective relationships. Find here exciting ideas and make your own conclusion on interpersonal relationship issue! Introduction There are no secrets that today’s workplaces are not as yesterday’s. With an increase in physical size and cultural diversity, the given assertion cannot be doubted. Passing messages between two colleagues speaking different languages can be a daunting task. In any given organization, Interpersonal communication forms a basic tool at the workplace. It assures proper coordination of activities and is based on the point of relating with others which forms a major aspect of relationships including both personal and business. We as individuals spent most of our time exchanging ideas with other people and this shows the importance of interpersonal communication. This paper will therefore seek to define interpersonal communication and examine a number of factors that influence our interpersonal communication. The focus of the paper is based on interpersonal communication at the workplace principle. Interpersonal communication is defined as the sending and receiving information between two or more people and the understanding of it through use of symbols or language. Interpersonal relationship is seen as the way a person communicates with another individual (Yoder, Hugenberg & Wallace, 1996). There are several types of interpersonal communication and includes public speaking, small-group or dyadic forms of communication. Public speaking involves interacting with a mass of people while small-group involves interacting with a group of people not in large numbers. On the other hand, dyadic communication is a form of communication between two people and may be through sending and receiving letters between two people or a telephone conversation between two people. Importance of Interpersonal Skills In order to be competitive at the workplace, a team needs to interact frequently and openly. Team members must communicate with each other irrespective of the distance between themselves since there is advancement in technology and therefore this does not matter. The team at the workplace needs to communicate for it to become successful and consequently, if there is no proper communication, the result is that their goals will never be achieved (King, 2000)