ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Happiness is a desirable characteristic to every individual who desires to live an untroubled and settled life. As much as this happiness may be important in life, most people don’t have the slightest idea on how to acquire it. The extents that some individuals go in vain efforts to be joyful are at times amazing. Most particularly, a majority of young men and women today have got the wrong idea of happiness. This is evidenced by their frantic efforts to look for happiness in harmful habits such as indulging in drugs, imprudent sexual activity and other popular but equally disgusting habits. This paper will illustrate that happiness in life is not found in money or any material thing. It will base its argument on E. A. Robinson’s poem “Richard Cory” to further show that true happiness is embedded in the hearts of individuals rather than what is portrayed on the their visages. Incapability of Money to buy True Happiness Since time immemorial, money has been considered as the ultimate solution to almost all the problems in life. It is astounding that an overwhelming number of people in the world continue to put their trust in money, even as they see it ruin the lives of several others. Money is indeed capable of solving financial problems, but when it comes to finding true happiness in life, this becomes a different case. In fact, money can buy all the tangible things that are bound to bring happiness in one’s life, but we tend to forget that happiness comes naturally by itself. Just the way it is impossible to make seeds grow on unfertile sandy soil, happiness cannot be planted in a heart wasted by the misery and gloom of this life. Such efforts will be to no avail. The much one can achieve in such an instance is temporary, short-lived and superficial happiness that will disappear once the individual becomes aware of the storms of life that he or she is going through. For Richard Cory to take such a drastic measure as putting a bullet into his head, he must have been holding onto circumstances and people that hurt him in the past (Robinson 16). A more effective way of acquiring permanent happiness would be to root out all the bitterness, pain and misery that is kept in one’s heart and then refilling the gap gradually with joy. Given that the scars caused by unbearable events and people in our hearts may take a really long time to heal, one may have to wait for even a decade or two in order to finally get the happiness he or she needs so bad. In order to rejoice in life, it is advisable that people learn to let go of all the pain and disappointment that they have suffered at one point in their lives. Holding onto th
Basic Project Description Introduction to the Modelled System The system to be modelled in this case involves the simulation of experience transfer within a business organisation. The system can be used in different business organisations. The reason is that the experience transfer behind this model is found in almost all business entities. However, the simulated system is more suited for the property management or construction business organisations as opposed to entities operating in other sectors of the economy. Experience Transfer Simulation Project: Brief Background The proposed system focuses on experiential learning. In addition, it addresses the issue of experience transfer in business firms, especially in the engineering, architecture, and construction industry. According to Le and Law (2009), a number of factors determine the profitability of organisations operating in this industry. Some of these elements include information feedback from operations, as well as maintenance and early design stages of a given project. The issues are significant to the success of organisations in this industry. With the help of simulation of an experience transfer system, the potential for improvements in these organisations is enhanced significantly. In addition to performance-improvement, value addition in relation to future projects can be attained through experience transfer simulations. Justification and Basis for the Selection of the System A number of factors informed the selection of the proposed system. The framework was selected after an extensive analysis of related literature in this field. The various aspects of the system are adequately covered in a number of literary materials. A critical review of these materials provided more information about the model. Experience Transfer: A Brief Description of the System The components of the system include learning and knowledge factors that are essential in relation to experience transfer. According to Maani and Cavana (2000), the experience transfer system has a number of parameters. The considerations entail the conditions inhibiting and promoting experience transfer in multi-project business organisations. Such entities are those operating in the construction industry, where the management has to deal with different stakeholders. The parties, in this case, involve the client, contractors, members of staff, and such others. The major components of the system include openness, priority, individual competence, and time. Other features of experience transfer models include, among others, curiosity, degree of awareness, and amount of experience. In relation to interactions, the experience transfer system can be viewed as elements that are based on the learning process. The proposed simulation model focuses on the transmission of skills and other elements. In addition, it entails collaborative learning between individuals. However, it is important to note that the learning system is very critical to the success of this framework (Sterman & Sterman, 2000). The behaviours modelled in the framework include individual experiential learning, o
Joseph Harris concentrates on the issue of teaching students to write essays in his article Revision as a Critical Practice . He believes that the way his colleagues approach the writing and reading processes is ineffective. The problem is that they focus too much on morality, different ideologies, and students’ involvement in social discussions. On the other hand, the author is convinced that the most powerful emphasis should be placed on “a strong use of the work of others and a reflectiveness about one’s aims in writing” (Harris, 2003, p. 577). According to him, it can significantly benefit students because they may acquire useful skills and develop their thinking capacity. Harris closely analyzes When Students Have Power, written by Ira Shor, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of the work. He states that the comment of one student mentioned in the book and criticized by his colleague is worth special attention. It identifies the learner’s dissatisfaction with the fact that an English class taught by Shor appears to be a civic class (Harris, 2003). Harris completely agrees with the disappointed student and blames Shor for fully concentrating on ideas presented in texts rather than how texts work themselves. The author stresses that the practice of close reading is essential and should not be disregarded by other professionals. Furthermore, he shares his own teaching experiences and illustrates the way his ideas can be applied in practice. Harris mentions students from both lower- and upper-level courses and reveals how they succeeded to advance their thinking and progress in general throughout the process of close reading, writing, and revising. He underlines the importance of the third step and notes that it is the most challenging part. Finally, Harris adds that the focus on teaching students how they have to perceive the world is inadequate. Therefore, the author offers his ideas as an alternative, aiming to work with students but not on them. Joseph Harris strongly disagrees with many of his colleagues who endeavor to teach students morality, different ideologies, and views on social issues, as their approach focuses on ideas within texts, not the ways they work. In contrast, he encourages educators to pay more attention to such activities as reading, writing, and revising and work diligently to improve learners’ ability to use others’ works effectively and reflect on their writing process. The author criticizes other intellectuals’ perspectives on the issue, revealing their shortcomings, and demonstrates the significance of his ideas and their application in practice to defend his position. Reference Harris, J. (2003). Revision as a critical practice. Col
What specific elements should be paid attention to in an instructional design model used for training in the private sector? Constructing instructional design models is an integral part of teaching since they provide the overall framework of the learning process. Instructional design models help to organize pedagogical strategies and adjust them to unique conditions, in which learning is taking place. Instructional models ensure the achievement of the goals of learning (Davis, 2013). However, to make a model fulfill its purpose, it is necessary to make sure that the model is selected appropriately, with the consideration of the conditions, in which it is planned to be used. The models used for the public and private sectors should be different due to the basic difference between the systems of cultural values in these sectors. In the private sector, the entire process should be corresponding with the general mission of the organization. The models need to be developed according to that requirement, as well as they should be flexible and fit the context of the private organization. The core elements of an instructional design model developed for the private sector should be modified in a specific way. As it is known, the majority of instructional design models contain such elements as analysis, development, implementation, and evaluation (Richey, Klein, & Tracey, 2010). In the private sector models, the analysis part should include the assessment of the mission, organizational structure, and organizational culture of a private entity (Larson & Lockee, 2009). Also, the development part should require an educator to modify the learning activities according to the tasks of a private organization. In the implementation step, an educator should be required to coordinate the teaching strategy with the administration of a private organization. Finally, the evaluation part should make an educator review all the previous steps according to the specific requirements of the private sector listed above. How can instructional design models help improve technology integration in schools? In contemporary education, learners have to receive access to technology and know-how to use it to be prepared for the conditions and requirements of the business environment. The process of integrating technology into teaching is complicated and requires altering the existing standards and adjusting to the constant changes in technology development, which is a complicated task for educators. To assist educators in this work, designers create instructional design models that help to integrate technology into the learning process at schools (Wang, Ertmer, & Newby, 2004). Using instructional design models gives general guidelines, relying on which, teachers become able to develop the teaching strategies that both correspond to the local conditions, req
The Silk Road linked the Mediterranean, China, and Asian minor; it enhanced the civilization process among the three regions. Apart from its economic purposes, the Silk Route played key social functions. This road was widely known as “the network roads” since it acted as a key trading route for material goods. Even though Buddhism was the key religion in the region, other religions such as Judaism, Christianity, as well as Islam spread along the busy route (Aydin par. 2). Clans in the Arab peninsula declared their allegiance for Islam despite the dominance of Buddhism. The spread of Buddhism began before the 3 rd century B.C. with the Buddhist missionaries as the main agents in spreading their beliefs and practices in China. The spread of Christianity along the Silk Road began around 432 A.D. with the Nestorian church spreading Christian beliefs along the Silk Road. Islam, on the other hand, witnessed a significant number of new converts during the eighth century. So massive was the conversion that followers went on to destroy significant symbols of Buddhism, such as artworks, stupas, and wall paintings (Aydin par. 5). To ensure complete submission to the Islamic religion, Muslims banned iconography; at the same time, temples, statues, and stupas were abandoned, destroyed, and buried in the sand. The Chinese government supported the initiative by banning all foreign religions, such that by the 15 th century, several areas in Central Asia had adopted the Islamic beliefs. Islamization of the Silk Road had three key motives, namely, political factors, economic motives, and assimilation. Political factor was one of the intentions for the spread of Islamic teachings in the wider Central Asian region ( Silk Road – Introduction par. 5). With the full support of the government, it became very easy to spread the government’s rule. It was difficult to go against or refute the government’s regulations. The economic factor was also a key factor that enhanced the Islamization process along the Silk Road. Conducting business as a Buddhist attracted numerous bureaucratic procedures as compared to trading as a Muslim. Local businesspersons treated Muslims better than they treated Buddhists traders ( Religions par. 8). Assimilation made it possible for most traders to convert
Background Type 2 diabetes is a dangerous but treatable disease that manifests as high blood sugar, low insulin, and general insulin resistance. It results from living habits rather than any form of a pathogen, and people can develop it spontaneously as long as they are in a risk group. It generally does not require hospitalization unless the issue is severe, and most patients continue their daily lives. However, its symptoms are not immediately apparent to an untrained observer and can come on slowly, preventing the person from noticing. People can be trained in noticing and measuring their symptoms, but they remain fallible and can fail to see a potential cause for alarm. As such, medical workers are trying to develop more reliable and efficient methods of monitoring patients with the condition. Problem Statement Most patients with diabetes live their lives with some specific accommodations that manage the condition, such as lifestyle and diet changes alongside specific medications. However, their symptoms require monitoring, and professionals are preferable to the patients for the purpose. Currently, this matter is being resolved through regular clinic visits, with specialists receiving the patients and assessing their condition. However, the procedure takes considerable time and effort on the part of both medical workers and patients. The former have to take time away from their other patients, and the latter have to travel to the clinic and wait to be assessed. With the recent advancements in technology, such an inefficient approach may be outdated and require a replacement. Purpose of the Change Proposal Telemedicine is emerging as an alternative approach to the monitoring of remote patients whose issues do not warrant hospitalization. It can take a variety of forms, from regular videoconferences that confirm the patient’s condition to specialized medical tools that link with a smartphone app and submit data to the hospital automatically. Its primary advantage is that the patient no longer needs to come to the clinic physically, which is particularly relevant for seniors. The patients can also be more independent, with the medical workers supporting their judgment with their expertise. Telemedicine has already been successfully applied to various aspects of type 2 diabetes management. As such, it may be prudent to adopt it as a standard and outfit care institutions with telemedicine facilities to improve outcomes. PICOT Geriatric patients who have type 2 diabetes are the population for thi
Harriet was a fugitive slave and a notable abolitionist of the 19 th century. She is the Underground Railroad conductor who linked up with the Abolitionists to help smuggle over 300 slaves through a network of hideouts into the free north. She also worked as a scout and as an undercover agent during the civil war and later as an advocate of women’s suffrage. In this paper, an attempt is made to analyze the psychosocial development of Harriet Tubman over her lifetime through a psychobiographical case study. Harriet’s lifespan is conceptualized within the theoretical lens of Erik Erickson’s eight stages of psychosocial development. The aim is to uncover and interpret Harriet Tubman’s life into an enlightening narrative depicting her psychosocial evolution throughout her lifespan. Psychosocial Development Stages This section integrates Harriet Tubman’s life history with Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development. Prenatal and Infancy (0-18 Months) At this initial stage, the infant struggles with trust versus mistrust. The developmental crisis at this stage relates to trusting or mistrusting one’s environment, which depends on the quality of the mother-child relationship (Mossler & Ziegler, 2016). This relationship is not exclusively biological, but also social. The quality of the maternal interactions shapes the child’s development of trust or mistrust in his/her future environments. Mistrust stems from frustrations or deprivations that lead to feelings of inadequacy. In this case, the hope that the child’s desires/needs will be met helps him/her navigate through an environment of trust and mistrust and develop a sense of self. When describing Harriet Tubman’s psychosocial development during the first stage, it is important to examine her relationship with the parents, especially with her mother. Harriet, initially called Araminta Ross, was born into slavery around 1920 as the fifth born in a family of eleven children of enslaved parents in Maryland. A couple – Thompson and Brodess – owned her parents, Rit and Ben, who worked as slaves in their plantation in Dorchester County. It is evident that Araminta had a close bond with her mother, Harriet ‘Rit’ Green, as an infant. She stayed with her parents until the age of five when she started working as a nanny in other homes. Not much is known about Rit to help develop deeper insights into Harriet’s relationship with her mother during the infancy stage. As slaves, Harriet’s parents were always busy; the mother worked as a cook in Brodess’s household, while the father was a woodsman in Thompson’s shipbuilding factory. Therefore, Harriet’s four older siblings, Linah, Ritty, Soph, and Robert, helped raise her while the parents were engaged in their masters’ roles. The siblings’ role as the primary caregivers can be seen as the source of social influence on young Harriet. Considering the fact that
Introduction E-governance is the application of information and communication technologies within the government to enhance information dissemination and service delivery with the need to foster transparency, accountability and effectiveness. In this regard, the adoption of web-enabled services for citizens in Orissa would improve service delivery efficiency. This implies that the expected form of e-governance is the government-to-citizens governance. Its introduction in Kalahandi district will demand an appropriate analysis of various citizen needs inclusive of the service providers’ demands and the efficiency generated. Considering these critical factors, web-enabled service planners should reflect on the features of an effective form of e-governance structure that meets the needs of both the government and the citizens (Garrett 2003, p.24). The design of the website should meet high standards to demonstrate the roles specified by the planners and limit the chances of failure or operation costs. Classically, the web-enabled service should cut across the design infrastructure and reality of the services derived from it. Therefore, a planner should evaluate analytically and critically the design that has been set up before it is implemented and tested in the public domain as to derive its intended functionality. Background The success of any web-enabled services necessitates the considerate evaluation of the necessary features of the design that optimize its efficiency after implementation. Initially, some of the crucial factors that need evaluation are the relevance of the website to the citizen’s needs, the ease and friendliness of the user-interface and availability of finance to run the website. Having satisfactorily complied with the basic elements of the project, other crucial elements require evaluation. The core responsibility of the planner is to determine whether the relevant expertises are available. This crucial element will give him or her a clue as to whether the conduct of the design project by skilled and knowledgeable individuals has occurred (Garson 2006, p.42). Since the whole project involves expertise effectiveness, they will determine its success during its implementation and utilization. The team will maintain and continuously access the project to ascertain that it operates as anticipated. In addition, in the event that further upgrading is required, the team will offer insight into its design structure and the possible options to adopt in order to facilitate the upgrading process. Linkage of the case study to E-governance The Orissa case study is related to the E-governance in that the government is intending to offer web-based services to Kalahandi district citizens. In this regard, the government’s efforts demonstrate how the adoption of the online-programmed services will improve service delivery to the citizens. Through these measures, the E-governance importance as well as its weakness is portrayed. Nev