ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Iran controls the 6.4km stretch Strait of Hormuz. This is a vital gateway for oil which is going to the west. Iran did this to try to gain advantage of the decision of the west to inflict sanctions on the nation. The west had plotted to control oil trade by Iran due to its controversial nuclear program. About 80% of Iran’s external revenue gained from oil exports. The decision was met with different reaction from the world. The world’s oil supply that passes through the strait is approximately 39%. Closing the Strait of Hormuz will have enormous economic impact on the world economy. The Strait of Hormuz allows a fifth of total oil destine for the world to pass through it. The world might view Iran to be bluffing, as closing the strait would harm Iran’s economy as much as the countries to which the oil is destined. Closing the strait means that Iran strangles its own economy. The largest part of the earned government revenue comes from the stretch. Petroleum accounts for the huge revenue earned and most of Iran’s exports support this statement. Iran depends on the Strait for crude oil shipment, as well as many other Gulf countries. The fact that Iran’s pipeline is the cause of these issues, it places the country in a desperate need for the strait. The country is not equipped to construct main pipelines to export their oil products. This means that they cannot afford to do away with the tanker method of exporting the oil. Attempts to close the strait for a long period in trying to cripple economies of the west will damage and cripple Iran’s economy the most (Dougherty and Wilkinson par. 4). The cost of shutting down the Strait of Hormuz is also enormous. It would incur formidable military costs to maintain the closure of the strait. If Iran closes the strait, it will face dyer military consequences’ from the west. This will bring the war in Iran. The military conflict will come from the west, other supporting nations in the Arab league and oil dependent economies. This conflict plays a role in the strengths of the west as the gulf countries gravely affected by the shutting down the Strait of Hormuz. This means that many Arab nations affected by the closure would offer grounds for aerial and naval attacks on Iran. Iran cannot sustain any war with a united west front and Gulf allies. Their military equipment is inferior and outdated compared to the west. This action inflicts financial strains in trying to elongate a losing war for no financial gain. In the era when many states want to have an opportunity to attack Iran’s nuclear reactors, Iran would be engaged in a losing battle. The current rebellions in Iran will weigh towards the west (Iran threat, par. 4). Iran lost close ties with Saudi Arabia and Bahrain. They depend on Qatar and UAE for backing of their policies. In this case, the close ties Iran has with Qatar will diminish with the act of closing the strait. The closure will gravely
Summary “ The Yellow Wallpaper ” is a story about an unnamed woman diagnosed with a nervous depression by her husband who is a physician. John, her husband, rents a house for the summer hoping that her mental condition would improve as a result of the change in environment. John adopts a unique way of treating her illness by isolating her physically, intellectually and socially. The woman is confined into a house and is not allowed to write because John believes that this will put her health into risk. This treatment fails to work and the woman just finds herself all the time in her bedroom where she starts hallucinating and seeing women moving behind the wall. Analysis The woman in the story begins to hallucinate at the point when she sees something moving on the wall. She says that by watching it keenly at night, she discovers that the front part was moving and a woman behind the wallpaper was shaking it. She says that, “Sometimes I think there are great many women behind, and sometimes only one, and she crawls around fast, and her crawling shakes it all over” (Gilman, 1899 p 13). The trapping of women portrays her current situation. The woman behind the wall represents many women who are imprisoned in various states in their lives and they cannot do anything independently without being influenced by external parties like John and Jane as portrayed by the narrator when she says, “”I’ve got out at last,” said I, “in spite of you and Jane” (Gilman, 1899 p 17). More about The Yellow Wallpaper Which Gothic Element in the Yellow Wallpaper Reflects a Social Attitude of Gilman’s Time? 5 210 Why Did John Faint in The Yellow Wallpaper? 4.5 4064 What Are the Best Examples of Figurative Language in The Yellow Wallpaper? 4.4 2847 What Happens at the End of The Yellow Wallpaper? 5 1961 What Does the Narrator’s Description of the Wallpaper Reveal about the Context of the Story? 5 349 What Was Gilman’s Most Likely Reason for Sending a Copy of Her Story to Her Former Physician? 5 90 A woman behind the wall represents women who are fighting for their liberty because they are in a state of slavery and depend on various issues. The narrator identifies this with the woman behind the wall because she has been imprisoned by her situation and she has been fighting for her freedom all along. The narrator, just like the woman behind the wall, finally manages to come out of the prison she was in and says, “”I’ve got out at last,” said I, “in spite of you and Jane. And I’ve pulled off most of the paper, so you can’t put me back!” (Gilman, 1899 p 17). It shows that she could not suffer forever from social injustice committed against her by her husband. The same way as the woman behind the wall comes out, she also comes out of her slavery, and this shows that women can obtain freedom from social oppression they are undergoin
Academy of breastfeeding in medicine protocol. (2008). Guideline on co-sleeping and breastfeeding. Washington, DC: Academy of breastfeeding Medicine According to this article, several studies have shown a noteworthy link between breastfeeding and a lowered sudden infant death syndrome risk, mainly when breastfeeding was the restricted form of feeding during the first four months of living. This article states that there is inadequate evidence to show an informal link between breastfeeding and the prevention of the syndrome. There is an increased risk of the syndrome when babies share beds with mothers who smoke cigarettes. Horne, R, Parslow, P, Ferens, D, Watts, A and Adamson, T. (2010). Comparison of evoked arousability in breast and formula fed infants. Web. According to this article, there is no dependable confirmation that breastfeeding decreases the threat of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). This article gives proof that breast-fed babies are more readily awakened from active sleep than formula-fed babies at the period when this syndrome’s risk is at the maximum. International Lactation Consultant Association (2005) Journal of Human Lactation. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications. Web. This article states that, breastfeeding and the use of pacifiers have been equally linked with a decreased risk of sudden infant death syndrome. The journal states that even though the protective connection between breastfeeding and SIDS has not been regular as there are several healths, cognitive, mental, social and cost-effective benefits of breastfeeding. Joanna Briggs Institute. (2006). Early childhood pacifier use in relation to breastfeeding, SIDS, infection and dental malocclusion . Web. According to this article, pacifier use in babies has been mixed up, and viewed as a barrier to breastfeeding for some time, leading to incomplete rather than a lot of breastfeeding or a shorter period. This article finds out that it is credible that pacifier use in babies causes infants to breastfeed in a smaller amount because the pacifier fulfills the instinctive sucking reflex of the infant, thus eradicating the yearning for contact with the nipple and breast. This article states that the proof for a connection between pacifier use and a decline in risk for the syndrome is trustworthy, while the precise method of the effect is not well comprehended. McKenna, J, Mosko, S and Richard, C. (1997). Bedsharing promotes breastfeeding. Elk Grove Village, Illinois: American Academy of Pediatrics. Web. This article talks about bed-sharing babies’, breastfed around three times longer during the night than babies who regularly slept sep
Simone de Beauvoir is a feminist who does not like to be labeled as one. She finds the work of many feminists to be lacking in substance and does not attain the level that she wants them to accomplish. One of the major arguments of de Beauvoir is the failure of many – this includes social scientists and philosophers – to properly answer the question: what is a woman? Thus, de Beauvoir took it upon herself to find out why. By investigating research made by luminaries in the field of anthropology, psychology, mythology, and behavioral sciences she began to process research made concerning primitive societies and even mythology to find out what can be readily observable and at the same time what the ancients were thinking when it comes to the concept of woman. After much thought de Beauvoir realized that a woman must be seen as the “Other.” A woman is not the weaker sex or merely the extension of man, she is the “Other.” This article was able to prove the main argument that a woman is an “other”; however de Beauvoir was unable to win a decisive victory because in order for this statement to be accepted as truth, human societies must acknowledge that a woman is the counterpart of man and there is no evidence to show that this was the case in the time of de Beauvoir. Freedom and Equality The main goal of de Beauvoir and like-minded people was to elevate the value of women to such an extent that they will finally gain what they desperately desired for so long and it is freedom and equality. They wanted to be free from labels and the social conventions that forced them to live a certain way and to behave in accordance to the dictates of a society that they believe to be controlled by men. However, de Beauvoir had to deal with one major hurdle and it is the vise-grip like hold of men on social rules simply because they were able to clearly justify their claim why they should be head of the pack and the king of the hill. When it comes to women they are still unable to prove beyond any doubt that they too are equal to men and therefore deserve at least an equal share of what he is currently enjoying. The first thing she did was to clarify her objective and she did it by framing her main question like this: If her functioning as a female is not enough to define woman, if we decline also to explain her through ‘the eternal feminine’, and if nevertheless we admit, provisionally, that women do exist, then we must face the question ‘what is a woman’? (de Beauvoir, 1949) For her answer to this query, her first stop was to revisit the past; de Beauvoir went as far back as mythology. She pointed out that duality exists in the minds of all ancient people, and that there is a self and the other in their stories and myth. This is greatly evident in commonly known dualities or pairings such as Varuna-Mitra, Uranus-Zeus, Sun-Moon, Day-Night, Good-Evil, Right-Left and many more. (de Beauvoir, 1949). She also added that the concept of otherness as seen in the mirror images of the pairings listed
Ideals are moral standards that people pursue, and they are very important because they set benchmarks of ethics. Moral ideals define ethical standards and character of people in the society. Concisely, moral ideals are perfect standards of ethics that the society strives to uphold in norms, beliefs, and principles that govern humanity. Melleman (2010) asserts that an ideal is a moral attribute that an individual presents as a character trait or behavior. Common examples of moral ideals are honesty, integrity, generosity, beneficence, sincerity, veracity, and fidelity amongst many others. In the modern society where moral fabric is weak, the most important ideals are honesty, integrity, generosity, and beneficence. These ideals are very important because they do not only enable people to do good deeds in their lives, but also perform noble duties to others who are in need. Worth is the value of something relative to what people consider as ideal. In other words, it is the measure or degree of perfection in a given construct or a person. Ethically, the best way to determine a person’s worth is by assessing the intrinsic value, as one is worth the intrinsic value that the society bestows to humans. Baum, Haqq-Misra, and Domagal-Magal (2011) argue that “human ethics is often anthropocentric in the sense that it places value only on human phenomena such as human life, human happiness, or other human factors” (p. 2121). Since humans are unique beings in the universe with rational capacity, they have intrinsic value. Humans have intrinsic worth because they are entities of life, which exist on their own. In this view, I consider my worth to be a life entity that deserves life, happiness, dignity, and freedom to serve other humans. Ethical virtues are constructive behaviors or qualities that are in line with societal norms and ethics. They are qualities that enhance the greatness of individuals and society. Some of the virtues that are important in the life of an individual include integrity, justice, love, wisdom, honesty, prudence, loyalty, and temperance According to Kawall (2009), virtues are important because they are morally acceptable behaviors that drive people cultivate good character traits. Essentially, virtues are fundamental in promoting people to cultivate quality and productive lives. Thus, virtues are crucial in the lives of individuals as they lead to productive, ethical, and good behaviors. Ethical vices refer to immoral behaviors that lower the integrity of a person and society. Essentially, ethical vices emanate from the deficits or excesses that occur in virtues (Mellema, 2010). Examples of vices are selfishness, hate, cruelty, c
Abstract Color vision is one of the characteristics that are recognized as having an effect on careers and human interaction. This research establishes the effects of high altitude on color vision. It also investigates the color systems that are affected more in relation to others. The research methodology mainly involves the analysis of materials on research done in the same area together with the data from various researchers. The findings of this research will reveal whether there is a reduction in color perception in high altitude with regard to the three axes in an effort to conclude the one that is most affected. Are the effects reversible with acclimatization and resumption to normal altitudes? The research also answers this question. Introduction Color vision is one of the characteristics that are thought to differentiate human beings as a distinct species from some of the other species that are not able to perceive color. Man has always depended on this trait in several ways to survive. In the present day where careers have become complex, the importance of the trait has only increased. Some of the careers that demand an assessment of the trait in an individual include military profession, professions in the aviation industry, and transport industries among others. It has been noted that there is a special group of people who are unable to perceive some colors, and hence the intense scrutiny of shortlisted candidates where color discrimination is crucial. The absence of the inability to differentiate between colors may mean life and death in some of the aforementioned careers. Accidents are also predisposed by the presence of inability to differentiate between colors. Despite the innate inability to differentiate colors that are inborn in some individuals, some other factors have been found to affect people’s ability to perceive colors. This research focuses on the effects of high altitude on color vision. It examines some of the findings from other studies. There is an apparent relationship between high altitude, hypoxia, and color vision. The many researchers who applied different methods to evaluate the relationship have provided this inference. Vision and light discrimination form a crucial part of people’s mission at high altitude. People in the aviation industry are tasked with the responsibility of making decisions, which are crucial to their missions in navigation. A slight variation may be a determinant of their operational success. Hence, studying this topic will be crucial in terms of knowing the link between color vision and high altitude. Literature Review There are a number of literary works detailing the effects of high altitude on eye physiology. These materials have investigated the relationship between colour vision and high altitude. Their findings, which are stated below, wil
Introduction The incorporation of a company is no easy task as it involves numerous legal procedures and regulations to comply with. These regulations are imposed by regulatory agencies on behalf of the government and have arisen out of situations that made it mandatory for the government to impose them in order to keep a legal check on industries and companies. This particular plan throws light on the various types of regulatory risks involved in a business and remedial measures to overcome them. Apart from this, a special mention of environmental regulation is also explained which constitutes a major concern for businesses and industries today. The environment issue has been a long standing concern especially with industries contributing profusely to the rapid depletion of environment. Pollution of air, water and even land through emission of toxic gases and industrial wastes led to this compulsory regulation. Industries engaged in the production or even higher use of potentially environment harmful substances come under the EPA restrictions. Regulatory compliance forms a necessary part in creating goodwill for companies. Tort liability Hefty fines are imposed on companies for violating regulations of the law. The violation of a tort puts the company in bad light and the litigation that follows is an invitation for negative publicity. Industries consuming large amounts of fossil fuels and those engaged in similar businesses have to be vigilant in complying with the environment regulations. With the growing need for environment conservation, various Acts have been enacted with a strong conservation motive, thereby making the regulations inflexible and sterner with increasing pressures (Barry.D.D, 1970). Identifying the regulatory risks Risks are inherent in every business, and risks like price risk, market risk, credit risk, liquidity risk are common to all businesses. The businessman should be able to anticipate these risks well in advance and be prepared to deal with them. The risk of violation of laws should also be given significant consideration. However the regulatory risks differ in minor ways depending upon the type of company. Industries have to consider more risks than that of a business as it will also include manufacturing risks. This risk would include contingencies involving shortage of raw material, man power, problems and risks related to machinery and technology. We have elaborated the types of risks below and also provided measures to overcome them. Credit risk and liquidity risk Credit risks arise when clients or cu
Introduction Social media is no longer a new thing in our society and this is a fact that we all need to agree to. This means that social media has become part of lives and this is expected to increase as time goes b y. In this case, our lives revolve around social media. As a matter of fact, most of us have at one time or the other used social media for a specific purpose. This therefore means that social media is an expected thing in our lives. All of us acknowledge that social media has brought about a revolution that has shifted various aspects in our lives. The spread of social media in our lives has been brought about by various issues. For instance, more than 50% of the world’s population is below 30 years and this has acted in favor of social media. This is because they are the most active users (Quan 12). Of this entire people, more than 90% have joined social media in one way or the other. Currently, most traffic on the internet is advocated for by social media and this is very commendable. People do not have a choice as far as social media is concerned. This means that we have to be part of social media instead of trying to avoid it. As a matter of fact, it is undeniable that we can avoid embracing social media. Social media is affecting the way we relate, talk and write as far as our lives are concerned. Because human beings are social, we all speak social and this has been revolutionized by social media. As far as this paper is concerned, social media has a lot of impacts on politics like in Philippine and Iran. The most recent impact of social media has been witnessed in Egypt and Tunisia (Advertising Age 10). Social media has also brought about relief to the distressed like the recent earthquake in Japan. In addition, social media has also been used to collect donations for the needy and the distressed. A perfect example is the earthquake in Japan and Haiti that happened recently. Discussion Social media and politics Social media has had a lot of impacts on the political happenings that have been witnessed in recent months. There have been various protests in different countries mostly in the Arab world that have removed leaders from power. In Philippines, more than seven million messages were sent and this changed the tide drastically (Shirky 7). Spain and Iran experienced some problems because of the impact of social media. Therefore, recent protests in various countries have been accelerated by the social media. Most of the mass protests that were witnessed in Egypt and Tunisia were inspired by the social media (Giglio 17). People who are yearning for political change have never had a good platform where they can advance their arguments and ideas. This is because some countries have punitive laws that do not offer the much needed freedom for them to express their displeasure. In this case, they have fo