ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The purpose of this research is to analyze the case on the economics of OnePlus by using managerial economics standards; as a result, the paper has investigated a number of academic concepts in order to come up with an extensive response to some perplexing questions. The paper thoroughly scrutinizes the case scenario to determine whether OnePlus should focus on survival or growth, and identifies the possible pricing strategies in the overcrowded smartphone market while ascertaining the ways in which the company could maintain its low-price policy and benefit from its scale of production. In order to analyze these issues, the paper has built conceptual frameworks on the market structure of perfect competition, monopolistic, duopolistic, and oligopolistic markets, along with certain assumptions, and identification of equations and graphs. Background of the Company Chinese smartphone manufacturing company OnePlus was established in 2013 with the intention to make a better smartphone. At present, it is a subsidiary of OPPO Electronics, and it has business operations in more than 35 countries all over the globe. This company is committed to attaining the utmost standards of professionalism, individualism, and morality. Therefore, it designs its products considering the geographical segments, local customs, and cultural factors to give the best value to the customers. At the same time, the board of directors is committed to using the best technology to create a liberal and collaborative platform. It recruits efficient human resources from all over the world, and they have different educational and social backgrounds, beliefs, and perspectives who work as a team (see tables 1 and 2). Table 1: Overview of the Company. Profile of OnePlus  Founders             Pete Lau and Carl Pei                                                                                                              Investors            The investors of OPPO invest in this company                                                                                       Sales revenue        It generated $300 million sales revenue in 2014;                                                                                   Target sales volume  The marketers hoped to sell 5 to 7 million smartphones each year in the national and international market                          Market share         Less than 1% in the global marketplace                                                                                             Number of employees  It has more than 2640 employees, who are responsible for producing quality products using recommended technology; 53% female staff  Table 2: Products of OnePlus. Key Prod
Chris is a five year- and three-months-old boy who is the only child in the family now. As obtained from observation and conversations with the father and grandmother, the boy lives with his father and grandparents. They live in a spacious house with a large backyard in the suburbs with minimal traffic. Christopher’s parents are divorced, but they have come to an agreement concerning the child’s custody. Their marriage broke when Chris was three and a half years old after his younger brother Mathew had died in his sleep of a sudden infant death syndrome. The children’s mother, who has a bachelor’s degree in psychology, was not able to help herself and, overwhelmed with grief, began abusing alcohol, which led to family tensions and quarrels. When the atmosphere turned completely unhealthy, the family split apart. Currently, Christopher’s mother is undergoing medical and psychological treatment; there is still hope that she might cope with the situation. As for Christopher’s father, he fought in the Iraq war in 2003; presently, he is a U.S. marshal. As he spends most of his time at work, the only caregivers are Christopher’s grandparents and an occasional babysitter. His grandmother is an accomplished artist who has dedicated herself to the only grandchild in need. His grandfather is a former lawyer, retired, who loves the boy very much. Christopher attends a kindergarten five days a week for 3-4 hours. When the case study began, Chris was three years old. He lived with both of his parents in the same neighborhood. His mother was about to give birth, and the family atmosphere seemed quite promising and healthy. Christopher used to spend much time in the backyard playing ball and having fun with the four pet-dogs. The turbulence that was to follow changed the boy’s life drastically, causing setbacks, misunderstandings, and worries. Physically, Christopher is a well-developed, sturdy, and strong boy as he attends a karate school three times a week. He is in good health and spends most of his free time in the backyard in active play. He is learning to swim and roller-skate, climbs fences and runs with the dogs. There is a big indoor swimming pool in the house where Christopher likes to practice swimming with his grandfather. Christopher’s social skills have stuck as he enjoys being alone rather than socializing with his peers. Though he is happy to spend time with his grandparents, who cherish him, he looks satisfied to be involved in his own activities. Up to now, Chris has not developed skills sufficient enough to start or join in the play with others. Sometimes, he fights in kindergarten, which has a tremendously negative impact on his relationship with other kids. They do not eagerly invite him in play, and he does not wish to adjust his behavior, which tends to create a vicious circle. Emotionally, Christopher is struggling because all of those events that affected his life to a great extent. Cognitively, Christopher is showing a great ability to learn. He is under his charismatic grandmother’s influence, who takes him to exhibitions and spends much time telling him about gr
Cultural Analysis Introduction Portugal is a country in the European continent with a huge history in the fields of seafaring and ancient discoveries. Portugal experienced a coup that was masterminded by the military in 1974. This marked the beginning of democratic and institutional reforms. Portugal is considered to be the founding member of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO); it joined the then European Community and now European Union in 1986. Currently, it is a non permanent member of the UN Security Council. Brief Discussion of the Country’s Relevant History With the destruction of the city of Lisbon in 1755 due to earthquake, Portugal lost much of its status, prestige and wealth. However, there was a revolution in 1910 that removed the powerful monarchy and thereafter, the country was characterized by a brutal and tyrannical regime for the next six decades until the 1974 revolution masterminded by the military. Portugal is considered to be one of the ancient and the oldest state in Europe. Its history is traced back to AD 1140 when Alfonso Henriques became the first king after a rebellion that dragged on for nine years. Alfonzo and his successor expanded the state’s territory by annexing other lands like Lisbon, which was in the hands of the Moors. The present day territorial boundary of Portugal was secured by Alfonso III in the year 1249. Portugal was threatened by Napoleon’s army and this forced the royal family to seek refuge in Brazil where they managed the affairs of the country from Rio de Janeiro for 14 years. Napoleon’s army was expelled in 1811 by the British, and this led to the return of the royal family. The assassination of King D. Carlos in 1908 led to the overthrow of the monarchy hence paving way for the creation of Portugal’s Republic in 1910; and last year, Portugal celebrated the centenary establishment of the Portugal Republic. Traditionally, the Portuguese are known all over the world as explores. Inspired by Prince Henry the Navigator, the prominent Portuguese explorers are Vasco Da Gama, Bartolommeo Diaz and Pedro Alvaro Cabral who made explorations in the regions of South America and Asia. Portugal established herself as an influential colonial power by scrambling for African colonies. It built colonies in Mozambique, Angola, Sao Tome, Guinea Bissau and Cape Verde and Brazil in South America (Foreign and Common Wealth Office 1). Portugal held the first democratic election in 1974. Geographical Setting   * Location Portugal is located in the South Western Europe and it borders Atlantic Ocean to the west and south; it is located west of Spain in the Iberian Peninsula. These boundaries were defined in the 13 th century and included the autonomous regions of Azores and Madeira archipelagos, which are located in the Atlantic Ocean. Portugal occupies a land area of 92, 207 kilometer square. Its geographical position is considered geostrategic due to its proximity to Europe, America and Africa.   * Climate The climatic condition of Portugal is that of maritime temperate; the northern part is cool and rainy whi
Key Approaches Used in Incorporating Branding Activities The Notebook is a new product that is little known in the global market. It is important to find appropriate approaches that can be used to incorporate branding and co-branding opportunities. The first approach that the marketing unit will need to employ is the Social Media Strategy. This product will target a technology conscious populations that are below 50 years, as these people are very active in social media. This firm should take advantage of this fact and introduce the product using a specialized platform. Facebook has a fan base of about one billion people that use the website regularly. Tweeter and YouTube also have over 700 million followers visiting their websites regularly. This does not eliminate the need to use mass media, such as television and radio to reach to the target group. Developing appropriate commercials and releasing them through these platforms will increase the popularity of this new product. Lenovo is a brand that enjoys popularity in various markets. The marketing unit will use the popularity of this brand to leverage the position of this new Notebook in a new market. The marketing management unit will need to use the strength of the Lenovo Brand to enhance competitiveness of this product in the market. According to Cook (2005), it is always important to determine if a new project is being managed properly. It is important to make some predictions of the future performance in order to determine if the project is viable. This can be done using the Expected Value Calculator. In this section, we will conduct a cost/benefit ratio: Cost/Benefit ratio= Project ECV/Resources allocated on the project Assuming that: Project EVC- 195 units Implementation cost- 5 units Cost/Benefit ratio= 390 If the above estimates were to be used, then the marketing unit can be confident that the project will yield good returns. Strategy for Marketing the New Notebook According to Jain (2011), marketing strategies define the ability of a firm to penetrate new markets, especially when dealing with new products. The Lenovo’s Notebook is a new product that is just getting into the market. The management has considered it appropriate to introduce it in the global market. As mentioned in the above section, this firm should use a multi-channel strategy when introducing the new product. However, the marketing unit should avoid using standardized adverts because different world markets have different tastes and preferences. There are also social events that happen in different parts of the world that may define the purchasing pattern. For instance, in 2008 the United States attached emotions to the word ‘change’ because they were tired with the current system. Introducing an advertisement that promises people a change from the current boring system under such environmental conditions would be very relevant. For this reason, the management will need to customize its advertisements in order to enhance its relevance. Marke
Introduction The human society is a quite complicated phenomenon where different people exist in different standards and conditions of living. This distinction is often observed according to race, sex, and rather often age. Elderly people become sometimes left alone by al their children and relatives, so they have no other alternative but continue their lives in special facilities for senior citizens. The study of the very facilities and of the levels of living that they offer their elderly clients is a problematic point nowadays as far as very few research works have been dedicated to it: “Researchers know little about the physical performance ability of residential care/assisted living (RC/AL) residents and its relationship to adverse outcomes such as fracture, nursing home placement, functional decline, and death” (Baldini-Gruber et al., 195). Therefore, the current paper aims at filling the gap and at finding out the best four practices that I would implement if I were a manager of an assisted living facility to offer our clients so that to make their staying in the ALF as comfortable as possible. Assisted Living Facility Basic Notions To start the consideration of the assistant living facility practices, it is first of all necessary to define the very term assistant living : “ Assisted living (AL) is a term that has come to be applied to a wide array of residential settings for older adults. In the broadest sense, AL includes all group residential programs not licensed as nursing homes that provide personal care in activities of daily living and can respond to unscheduled needs for assistance” (Sloane and Zimmerman, 33). Commenting this definition, scholars like Calkins (2007), Baldini-Gruber et al. (2005), etc. have expressed opposite opinions. While some scholars think that the range of services offered by a single organization can boost the competition in the area of senior people care, others stick to the point that such a generalization of services will damage the very idea about the high quality of servicing and regulation offered to the elderly people (Sloane and Zimmerman, 33). Anyway, assisted living facilities turn out to be better than their alternative – nursing homes. Assisted Living Facility vs. Nursing Homes On the whole, the so-called struggle between the two mostly widespread care facilities in the United States dates back to the 1970s, when assistant learning facilities first emerged: “Thirty years ago, assisted living began emerging as a response to what was seen as the dismal life nursing homes offered” (Calkins, 263). The point at the time was that nursing homes and services they offered raised a lot of controversy as health care and overall living conditions were far from those desired. The very clients reported numerous cases of careless attitudes of nursing home workers towards the residents and demanded some changes. The latter came in the form of assistant living facilities (ALFs). Although with certain
Introduction Augustine of Hippo was an ancient Christian best known for his strong Christianity influence during his days. In a bid to accomplish this vision, Augustine used his writings to influence people to convert to Christianity. He was amongst the “most influential church leaders in the West during the patristic period. He was brought up in Christian faith since his mother was a Christian though his father was a pagan” (Mommsen 350). His work, The Confessions, is widely spread all over the world and it is among the bestselling books in the world, which is an indicator that his writing is still influential even to date. The influence of both Platonism and stoicism schools of thought is evident in Augustine’s work. Augustine is among the most exceptional philosophers and theologians who were at times considered as church leaders. His theoretical and philosophical works influenced the growth of Christianity coupled with theological and idealistic thought during the early days (Taylor 218). His ideas were subject to and at times altered by other philosophical views from other scholars. The influence from other scholars is best seen in the book, The Confessions, where both stoicism and Platonism ideas feature all through (O’Daly 300). In the book, Augustine narrates his struggle in search for the truth. At first, he comes out as materialistic, but with time, he embarks on a journey of searching the truth in order to relieve himself from the vice of materialism. This essay will analyze Augustine’s confessions by exploring the effect of both stoicism and Platonism movements on his views and ideas. The essay will eventually come up with a conclusion on whether Augustine managed to get the truth coupled with solving his problems. Stoicism Stoicism denotes a Greek school of thought that teaches the importance of remaining indifferent to the vicissitudes of fortune, pleasure, and pain (Mom
Introduction and Background The field of corporate management is dynamic and reflects the changing nature of the business. The evolution of PR, advertising, and corporate messaging with the shift towards consumer-focused marketing necessitates the development and study of new theories of business communication. The growth of business processes and management styles prompts the development of new, more efficient models of corporate communication, one of which is integrated communication. This communication model is the evolution of integrated marketing communication and emphasizes the role of the consolidated outcome of corporate messages. The focus of this paper is on the theoretical basis of communication integration processes and management. The researcher provides an overview of ten specific drivers of marketing integration and addresses the issue of integrated communication measurement. A comprehensive literature review informs the research. A separate section focuses on self-reflection and describes learning outcomes and shortcomings to be addressed in the future. Communication Integration Processes and Management Traditional approaches to organizational communication were production-centered and lacked strategic allegiance with other business management functions[1]. However, a variety of new marketing approaches, which emphasized the need for marketing to be market-driven and consumer-focused, necessitated the reassessment of traditional approaches to communication. Because in today’s business settings, effective business management requires cumulative efforts of marketing and communication management, a new model emerged to represent the integrated approach[2]. This model is integrated communication. The concept of integrated communication can be defined as “the alignment of the messages at strategic, managerial, and functional levels across the organizational spectrum by professional and non-professional communicators” [3]. Such alignment of messages is required to create and maintain the corporate brand. The ability of a company to achieve high levels of communication integration defines its success in sustaining the corporate brand. This assessment is the result of the fact that the corporate brand is the result of consumers’ perception of the company’s message delivered through its products and marketing.[4] A framework for developing integrated communication in an organizational setting was created by Duncan and Moriarty. This framework incorporates ten strategic drivers, which can be viewed as processes that assist a company in creating and sustaining integrated communication on different operational levels. Ten drivers are divided into three broad categories: corporate focus, corporate processes, and infrastructure[5]. Niemann argues that in the context of integrated communication, the greater influence is attributed to the dr
Introduction Health is a very critical aspect as it affects almost every individual irrespective of age, gender, social status or any other factor. Health can be termed as the condition of an individual’s mind, body as well as spirit. Being healthy means that a person does not suffer in any of the above areas or else he or she is not ill or in pain. It can also be defined as the state of general physical, mental as well as social well being. Sociology on the other hand entails the study of individuals or the society especially in regard to the aspect of welfare. It is a very broad discipline encompassing areas like religion, social stratification, law, social mobility, military, and health among others 1 . This piece of work gives an in depth investigation of the relationship between health and sociology or rather why health is considered to be a sociological issue. Health and sociology Sociology is a very broad concept and incorporates a lot of aspects including those associated with natural sciences as well as social sciences. Sociology being the study of the society and its well being, it deals with a variety of social issues that in one way or the other interferes with the well being of an individual be it in physically or even mentally. When a person is healthy, he or she is considered to be physically, mentally and mentally well and the absence of either of this aspect makes him or her unhealthy. Sociologists engage in activities of social context that in one way or the other affect the well being of human beings. Health is one such aspect and much has been done in this area 2 . Health and illness are concepts that have for a long period of time been considered to be purely medical related issues but it has found their application in other fields like sociology. This has in a way made it easy to deal with the aspect of health and illness through the application of various principles and strategies that are not included in the medical field. Sociology is a field that has contributed a lot in the understanding of health related issues through the perception and handling of health as a social issue. 3 There are various social factors that have been associated with contributing to health patterns in terms how health problems come up and how they can be dealt with in a social manner for instance through provision of psychological advice in the form of counseling. Health and illness falls under various fields for instance medicine and sociology. It is an aspect that has been faced with a lot of controversy on where it should be classified or the fields which should deal with the ordeal which affects every individual in the world. Sociology of heath and illness is a very essential discipline although for a very long time, different individuals and agencies have doubted where the ‘social’ aspect comes in when it comes to health and health care. With the advent of various research studies, the concept of how health is a sociological issues has not only been understood but a