ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
In this paper, we will look at how the global economy will change in the next five years and in what way these changes can be beneficial regarding our project. We will comment about the future changes along with how we can adjust according to these economic conditions only to pursue the Global trade with our company. Changing of Global Economy The shaping of the Global economy in the next five years will be denoted by some very important aspects like, an ongoing shift in economic activities that changes the focus of the economic activities from the developed countries to the developing countries. The number of consumers in the markets that are emerging is increasing every day which is very good news for the service providers. Another thing is that, due to the impact of Globalization, the flow of goods and capital is always a very healthy case. These two aspects will dominate the economic culture in the next five years and the company has to use these aspects to the full (Lileeva, 2009). The company must shift its focus to different classes of people to break the economic barrier and this will be one of the most important decisions of the company. If we look at the emerging market for automobiles in the future we will get this graph, which is encouraging for concerns like “Big Drive Auto” (Wise, 2010). Future Global Economic Conditions Economi
Canada’s Northwest Passage and the Issue of Sovereignty Over these Waters A country’s sovereignty must be established early on because it gives the citizens and its leaders the right to know not only where they geographically speaking but also what is rightfully theirs, to use and to protect. It is therefore fitting that sovereignty can only be achieved if a country, its people and its government are able to demonstrate that there are able to occupy and use that particular geographic location. In the case of the Northwest Passage located in Canada’s northernmost border the Canadian government is forced by circumstances and recent events to assert their sovereignty over the said region. As a matter of fact over the past three years, Prime Minister Harper has made it repeatedly clear that he will do everything in his power to protect Canadian sovereignty in the Arctic. But truth to be told, the Canadian government does not have the resources to back up Harper’s rhetoric, at least not enough to convince the United States and Russia that they are serious with their claim. Overview It has to be clarified that the arctic lands “presently claimed by the U.S., Canada and Denmark are considered secure” (Grant, p.11). In other words there has never been any dispute with regards to these lands. The sovereignty disputes related to foreign rights of transit in adjacent waters specifically the Northwest Passage (Grant, p.11). The Northwest Passage is the term given to a sea passage that allows for a shorter trip between East Asia and Europe. It is specifically “a water route through the islands of northern Canada connecting the At
Executive Summary There are initiatives to execute fundamental health care reforms within Australia. Activity-Based Funding, (ABF) for health services in Australia is presently notable. The “National Reform Agreement, 2011” is in practice. Apart from this, the COAG is another viable option. The ABF follows the operating guidelines of other pre-existing funding mechanisms (Duckett & Willcox, 2011). It is important to manage the dispensation of acute health services. There are notable transformations in the processes of emergency medical services funding. These are eminent both locally in Australia and within the global environment. The concept of health care funding provides the basis for this report. Resource allocation for acute medical inpatient services is critical. There is a need for the review of various state or federal agencies in these resource allocation processes. These include some of the basic aims of the report. Introduction Proper healthcare management is central to achieving adequate health. This is applicable both globally and within particular nations or regions. It is vital to analyze the resource allocation processes within various health care units. Since dispensation of health care services is critical, their funding options require review (Gillies, 2003). The aim of this report is to analyze the different funding alternatives. This is for the general health care system as well as aged care within Australia. Critical examples are from specific global trends of health care funding. It also examines the funding mechanisms for the acute inpatient health processes. There is the elucidation of the roles of other state agencies in this funding process. Furthermore, the report compares this funding process with the previous ones. There are recommendations on the efficiency of this process. There is the provision of valid reasons for these recommendations. The Process of Funding Acute Inpatient Services Australia presently struggles to achieve critical health care funding reforms. One of the targets in the proposal is to engage the partial acquisition of finances from the commonwealth. Particularly, this applies to public hospitals. Specifically, the acute inpatient services have special attention in these initiatives. One of the processes involves the payment of these hospitals through the “efficient price” methodology. This is preferr
Introduction Ensuring equal high-quality public education within all the states is a challenging issue that imposes numerous problems and debates. Today, in the US, public elementary and secondary schools are funded through local (around 44%), state (47%), and federal (more than 8%) government revenues (Skinner, 2019). Consequently, one can see that educational institutions around the country get finances from different resources. Still, the most significant source of investment here remains to be property tax, and the funds from government revenues come from other types of fees (Skinner, 2019). It is critical to examine the issue of public education financing. Main body The point is that taxes as an investment means can be unreliable because all the fluctuations in tax legislation or requirements can influence the quality of education. For example, the signing of the Taxpayer’s Bill of Rights in Colorado in 1992 introduced caps on taxes, which limited the state’s ability to finance schools (National Public Radio 2016). Thus, alternative or additional ways of finding resources for educational purposes should be introduced. It is vital to understand that building an equal atmosphere can help students from different backgrounds gain proper education under appropriate conditions, which requires substantial financing. Conclusion It is also critical to reach impartiality for everyone around the country to have equal opportunities to build their future with the help of education. One of the options suggested by the Wyoming Supreme Court is “to treat the wealth of the state as a whole,” which generated a Robin Hood-style model (National Public Radio, 2016). This model implies that the revenues from property taxes from resources-rich areas will be redistributed to poorer districts (National Public Radio 2016). This way, it is possible to work towards equality in providing fair educational conditions for the students.
Video blogging, or vlogging, is the 21 st century’s incarnation of the essay. Anyone with a webcam, laptop or a smart phone, can capture video of himself or herself holding forth on any topic they choose, singly or in interview. For some observers, this seems like the ultimate in narcissism: the ‘selfie’ taken to the next level. For others, it is a liberating force that gives voice to many people with no other way to share their story, their opinion, or their knowledge, with the world. It is doubtless powerful, as is any visual medium. However, it can also be a risky step, requiring judicious and thoughtful consideration. Know what you are getting into before that little blue light flashes on! Consider the following issues carefully. What do you want to accomplish by producing a vlog? As with any piece of work involving words, it is crucial to know why you are creating and sharing it. What do you want to say? What do you want to happen as a result of saying this? If you have not invested the thought to articulate this, your vlog risks sounding like a lame check-in video call with a relative or friend. ‘You just wanted to let them know something or other…but you can’t really remember what it was…and…so, yeah…ok, bye.’ Spare your prospective viewers, please. Instead, begin by articulating the impact you want to have and on whom. Consider whether you wish to include a call to action (donate to disaster relief, craft candy wrapper bracelets, use better grammar, avoid brands that use slave child labor, or buy your services or product, for example). Write down in detail what you wish to convey, to avoid omitting critical points out and needing to re-record (being able to correct problems is the best feature of vlogging!). Consider whether your message really fits with the media channel of vlogging. For example, an editor and writer might be better served by text-based promotion. While too many bloggers display deficient writing skills, it takes at least a few sentences of reading to arrive at this conclusion. Unfortunately, with video, a lack of skill or aptitude is instantly apparent. Vlogging’s deceptive similarity to a personal conversation via, for example, Skype, makes it seem as simple as talking to a friend. On the contrary, to be effective, video blogging requires clarity, organization, calm confidence, and good fidelity. This visual medium brutally reinforces any tics, speech idiosyncrasies, or hesitancy. Be honest with yourself about this. Do you insert ‘um’, ‘er’, or nervous throat clearings throughout your paragraphs? Are you even aware that you need to speak with a paragraph structure in mind? Does your sound volume trail off at the end of sentences? Do you swallow the terminus of most words? Are consonants optional? Do you attach the words ‘like’ and ‘so’ to the beginning of most utterances? This irritating habit, infecting otherwise intelligent speakers in a v
Introduction It essential to understand all the opportunities and challenges of intercultural communication in today’s world as we live in a period of globalization and have to be aware of its various outcomes. A plethora of businesses and international companies employ people from different parts of the world, tourists travel abroad more often than in the previous decade, and trading relationships between different countries develop rapidly. The following memo is intended to discuss several aspects of intercultural communication, the opportunities and challenges it presents, and how it influences people’s lives. Low-Context and High Context Cultures The classification of high-context and low-context cultures are intended to describe the way of communication used among people from a certain location. Individuals contributed to high-context cultures use an abstract language and style of speech to express their thoughts. There is no need for them to specify particular points as their audience is usually familiar with the cultural aspects presented by a speaker. People perceive the information, regardless of its details and separate sentences (Fischer 1600). Therefore, it is necessary to seek appropriate words for every situation in high-context cultures. In low-context cultures, it is important to explain everything in detail and ensure that the quality of the given information is always appropriate enough for other people to grasp it (Fischer 1600). In conclusion, it would be proper to state that the importance of every word is higher in low-context cultures than in high-context communication style. Sometimes it is hard for people of different origins to understand one another. The role of a context is significant in international communication (Baylis et al. 56). For instance, individuals of German ethnic background find it challenging to communicate with their French colleagues as people from the northern country tend to explain things that might be obvious, whereas French citizens’ speeches always lack detailed information. The same example can be given with such nationalities as Americans and Japanese, Arabs and British, and so on. International Communication in Business It is a well-known fact that some corporations implement the outsourcing strategy, and have to communicate with their foreign partners. Therefore, business negotiations are somewhat limited due to the diverse origins if their participants. Even if an interpreter does his job flawlessly, people of various ethnic backgrounds might perceive the same information differently (Kaul 35). Usually, such misunderstandings lead to dissatisfaction with other people’s work and certain business processes in general. The recommendations below are intended to reduce the limitations and biases discussed above to the minimum:   * Hiring an interpreter who has experience in working with representatives of both cultures at a particular meeting.   * Showing respect to individuals of other eth
Introduction A change from a centrally planned economy to a free-market economy took place in many developing countries worldwide. The transition process is marked by the liberalization of markets and economic stabilization (Yeager, 1999; Soto, 2000). In spite of similarities in a transition process, the performance of transition economies differs greatly because of the different economic conditions of the countries, their foreign policies, and economic integration into the world market. The paper will discuss the impact of initial conditions on the performance of transition economies and the influence of different policies on these countries and their economic activities. The paper will compare European countries and Asian countries, concentrating on Poland and China. Literature Review The main layer of the literature concentrates on government policies and their impact on the transition stage (Dabrowski (2002; Redek & Susjan, 2005; Soto, 2000; Mukand & Rodrik, 2002). Legitimatization has mainly drawn on the prescriptions of neo-classical economics. Deregulation of domestic economic life, less state intervention in economic activities, and fewer obstacles to international trade. These are the main tenets of neo-liberal policy. The other layer of literature compares transition economies of the Asian countries to European countries with an emphasis on government interventions and trade relations with developed countries. Woo et al. (1996) compare Asia and Europe during the transition stage. Special attention is paid to components of the reform programs and activities aimed to improve economic performance. Yeager (1999) and Campos & Coricelli 2000) concentrate on political economy and addresses the issues of neoclassical economic theory and the role of state institutions in the transition process. The author compares the results of different countries and analyses their impact on the global market. The same problems are dressed by Redek and Susjan (2005) in the article “The Impact of Institutions on Economic Growth.” Krueger and Ciolko (1998) underline that there is a close link between liberalization and performance. Thus, the researchers find that the government should not overstate the role of policy and reforms. De Melo et al. (1996) and de Melo et al. (1997) pay special attention to initial conditions of transition and the role of the market system before the change. Definition of Transition Economies and their Role in Global Developments Two processes have changed the political and economic map of the world in the 1990s and created new challenges and opportunities for enterprises in the periphery of the global economy. “Transition is well described as a period of “creative destruction,” of building up a market system and simul
Summative assessment is a method of evaluation designed to assess learning at the end of a defined period of learning. The focus is usually on the end result. Summative tests help identify mastery of specific content. This is necessary in identifying areas that need extra attention. Summative assessments are used to test the effectiveness of education programs (Kubiszyn, 2009). This is usually done at the end of a specified period. It may be at the end of an academic year, semester, academic unit, or a course. These assessments attempt to summarize learning results at the end of a specified period. Summative assessments are standardized. Standardization is crucial because these tests are taken by students in more than one institution. The assessment may be lengthy. This depends on the time when they are given. For instance, if it comes at the end of an academic year, the volume of work to be evaluated may be large. Summative assessments are often used to test the effectiveness of curricula. This is achieved through evaluation of overall changes in mastery of the concepts. If the effectiveness of a curriculum is low, an educator may suggest possible changes that can be made. In contrast, formative assessment is an ongoing assessment of learning. It is a continuous process that is not done at any particular time. These assessments are done while the actual learning process is going on. The focus is on enhancing the learning process itself. Grades are not given a lot of weight. The day-to-day achievements are measured. Formative assessments evaluate students’ understanding of content. Students are assessed for mastery of particular competencies. Those areas that need additional attention are identified. Through these assessments, instructions can be modified to meet students’ needs. The assessment is short because it tests mastery of a specific content. These assessments are not standardized because they do not come at a pre-determined time. Teachers may also formulate assessments to meet the individual needs of their students. Summative assessment plays a crucial role in evaluating of mastery of a curricula. It informs the changes that can be made in the curriculum. It is also used to evaluate learning that took place after completion of a course. Summative assessments are used to grade students at the end of a learning period. Formative assessment is used to measure students’ progress in school. The outcome of the assessment can then be used to assist students to meet their learning goals and objectives. Students may be grouped on the basis of individual ability. The method and instruction may be modified to suit these groups. An educator can use formative assessment to measure the effectiveness of a program as a whole. The educator then uses information obtained from this evaluation to modify the content to suit partic
Business Activity Sports Center is a company that has been developed to meet the needs and requirements of skaters all around the world. With our high quality designs, Sports Center will be manufacturing different types of skates that can be used for leisure and in professional sports. Consequently, this initiative aims at promoting healthy living among individuals of all ages through physical exercise. The contemporary world is characterized by unhealthy eating habits that lead to the development of health complications such as diabetes, obesity, and high blood pressure (Tookey, 2004). This initiative therefore aims at suppressing these conditions through sports (specifically, skating). Our future products will focus on all types of sports from basketball to soccer. With the use of our products, our customers will enjoy taking a trip to the coffee shop or local stores while skating. This concept will eliminate the time that people lose while being stuck in traffic or looking for a parking spot in restaurant and in malls. At the same time, individuals can skate to work or as a morning exercise. This will ultimately improve their physical fitness hence enhancing their overall health status. However, poor ankle support is the main challenge that skaters face due to the narrow that skates have towards the tip of the toes (Reynolds, 1997). In this respect therefore, skaters have to tighten their skates harder than normal shoes. However, this affects the
Introduction Climate change concerns and its effects on human security have characterised many international development debates (Barnett & Adger 2007; Barnett et al. 2010; Campbell 2009). In this debate, some researchers believe environmental issues do not share a direct relationship with human security issues, while other researchers say both concepts have a direct relationship. Both views exist within one continuum of environmental security analysis. On one end is the traditional thinking (realist thinking) that proposes a limited conception of human security, which excluded environmental issues, while the other end of the continuum adopts a new and broad definition of human security, which includes climate change. This paper critically evaluates both arguments and shows that while it is important to acknowledge the changing nature of human security issues, people should understand how this new conception of human security issues interact with other discourses. To understand this fact, this paper first explains the new human security view. New Human Security View Proponents of the new human security view have widely used the concept to explain international politics and international peace (Barnett 2003; Kaplan 1994). For example, Busby (2007) and Mathews (1989) say we need to expand our definition of human security. They also say, for a long time, people have perceived security through lenses that do not show the new realities of climate change (Busby 2007; Mathews 1989). Similarly, the United Nations (1987) says many countries are quickly realising that it is impossible to separate economic developmental from environmental issues. For example, many human activities have caused resource conflicts through environmental degradation, thereby threatening the bedrock that supports human cohesion (Webersik 2010). The relationship between these two factors (environmental sustainability and human security) manifests in different ways. For example, the United Nations (1987) says poverty is both a “cause” and “effect” of environmental degradation. Therefore, it is futile to understand both concepts in isolation. Such concerns led the UN to set up the 1983 World Commission on Environment and Development (it includes environmental factors in understanding human security). Based on the above assertion, Mathews (1989) believes that environmental strains are eroding the boundaries that defined international borders, and national sovereignty. This view prompted him to highlight the need to change human production factors that have supported civilisation. Mason (2005) also believes there is a strong need to understand human security issues th