ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Throughout history, the problems of crime and criminal activities have affected almost all societies. However, the degree of these problems differs significantly. Similarly, every human society tends to develop certain measures to deal with these problems. Again, the methods applied to deal with crime and criminal activities may differ from one society to another. However, modern methods of dealing with crime have become universal (Schmallger & Symkla, 2008). Almost every nation in the modern world has a police force tasked with reducing crime and criminal activities. Therefore, it is the duty of the police to enforce law in order to maintain harmony. On the other hand, the judicial system has a responsibility of deciding the best way of dealing with law offenders. Incarceration is the most common and effective way of reducing crime in any society. However, it fails to apply in some cases. This is why probation has emerged as one of the most effective methods of dealing with some forms of crime. By definition, probation is a correction method that involves retaining an offender under close supervision of an officer over a given period. Probation is an alternative method that is effective in dealing with individuals found guilty of crime, especially youths and first time offenders. In the case of Kris, it is clear that he is 25 years. However, when he was about 13, he was placed under probation after he was found guilty of battering. However, during his probation, the police arrested him for trespass. The court found him guilty and increased his time in probation. The files further indicate that he successfully completed the program and has never been arrested again. This means that the current offense is his first since he attained adulthood. I found that nobody in his family has a history of crime. In addition, he has a strong relationship with his parents and siblings. Moreover, his neighbors have not cited any case involving his behavior. It is also worth noting that he has never been diagnosed with any mental problem. He successfully completed his basic education after graduating with a high school diploma some years ago. He is a social individual and participant of a local band. Most of the times, he accompanies his friends. He hopes to join college in the next few months. He hopes to graduate on time and start a business. However, it was noted that he sometimes takes drugs and alcohol. Nevertheless, he says that this behavior is occasional but is ready to stop without assistance. He is aware that this behavior is not good and hopes to stop as soon as he joins college. In addition, he is newly married and hopes to complete his probation on time and continue with his new life. A number Robert’s suggestions are relatively similar to my points of view. For instance, he says that Kris is in a position to visit the supervisor once a week. He says that Kris will complete the probation on time but does not need favors or help from his proba
Introduction According to lovelock 2004, service marketing involves the actions that one can show to another party that brings about interaction without the involvement of any physical product as the point of contact. Some of the services might incorporate elements that are either tangible or intangible. The combination of the marketing mix is very vital for the success of the service industry. The service sector is considered very important when it comes to evaluation of government economies since it comes out as the highest contributor to the economy (Lovelock et al, 2007; Kasper et al, 1999). Mobil Petrol station Service Experience My experience in one of the petrol stations within the outskirts of the capital city was very disappointing. I was driving back to the city from the upcountry when I made a stop-over to refuel my car, as well as add my tire pressure. As I branched to the petrol station, first I was astonished to find a very long motorcade waiting to be served. I got interested to know what actually the cause of all the mayhem was; I found out that the problem was brought by the attendants’ poor services. First of all it seemed they clashed with almost every motorist concerning the rate at which they offered their services, they were extremely slow. Secondly was the disagreement on the manner in which they pumped the petrol into the car’s tank. I considered being served by a certain young man who indeed after being payed for the service got confused since he never had enough change to give to customers who might have payed excess. The young man kept on shouting at the other attendants to assist him. When I asked him why he was behaving in that manner the answer was “I’ve always been overwhelmed because I’m always left alone all day long, so you have just to cope with the situation sir”. This I considered unwelcoming type of an answer, he never minded his language towards customers, was cruel and at the sometime careless. I noticed that as he was feeling my tank some petrol spilled down after which I was the one to cater for the cost. This pissed me up, when I questioned I certainly got the unexpected, no reply. The attendant waved me off expecting me to move before even receipting the transaction. Then there was a different case at the pressure pump where there was no attendant I had to get out of my car fill the pressure then follow the attendant for payment (Grönroos, 2000). In this case what was clearly portrayed was the gap between the quality of services offered and the way in which the customers were treated. The expectations were totally different from the performance at a glance. I could relate Gaps Model part 1; the service provider never understood that I expected good relations and service from him. Gaps part 4, where the attendant used unfriendly language when trying to explain reasons for his poor service delivery and at one instance never replied to my questions at
Introduction The presumption of innocence law is one of the fundamental principles in the criminal justice system. The principle holds that one the accused should always be considered innocent until such a time that the judicial system proves otherwise through a fair trial. Also known as the principle of fairness, the presumption of innocence law requires the investigative authorities and all other authorities in criminal justice system, to treat suspect with dignity, and without any form of intimidation. The criminal justice system serves the purpose of proving, beyond any reasonable doubt, that the accused indeed committed a given crime as charged. This means that there is no any other entity that has the power to judge a person other than the criminal justice system. It also means that until this system proves beyond any reasonable doubt that the accused committed the crime, it shall be presumed that the suspect is innocent. The burden of proving otherwise is always put on the prosecution. In the process of conducting the investigation, the prosecutor- and the entire investigative team- must realize that they are yet to prove the crime committed by the suspect. For this reason, they do not have a mandate to subject such a suspect to any form of torture, or frustrations in the name of looking for the evidence. As Fakhry (1991) says, the prosecution must have had some evidence that led them to arrest the suspect, and they are expected to develop the evidence without subjecting the accused to undue pressure. It is worrying that this law is largely ignored by the very people who are supposed to uphold it. According to Kant (2008), the judicial system in Palestine is slowly drifting away from this principle of fairness, especially when it comes to interrogating the suspects. The scholar says that courts are accepting confessions made by the suspects when subjected to undue pressure. This is a clear indication that the justice system in the country is ignoring a fundamental principle which defines its very own existence. The current military actions between the Palestinian Hamas and Israel have seen most of the judicial system ignore the presumption of innocence law when dealing with prisoners of war. As Al-Kisswani (2013) says, being emotive with justice is the basis of making unjust decisions to satisfy the emotions. In this study, the researcher will conduct a review of how the presumption of innocence principle has been applied in Palestine by conducting an interview of Master’s students of law at Alquids University in Palestine. The researcher will also review some literatures in order to determine what other scholars have said in this field. Literature Review The presumption of innocence law fundamental defines how a criminal suspect should be tre
Introduction There are numerous challenges the healthcare system faces today. Despite multiple attempts to eliminate the most dangerous diseases and improve the epidemiologic situation, there are many illnesses or other health issues that deteriorate the health of the nation and result in the appearance of critical problems. For this reason, one of the primary purposes of modern health workers is the introduction of methods that could help to enhance the situation and significantly reduce potential threats. However, this task becomes impossible without a comprehensive investigation of the main factors that impact peoples health. The aim of this paper is the in-depth analysis of the current state of tuberculosis (TB), its spread, morbidity rates, epidemiologic situation, and future perspectives. The relevance of the study comes from the fact that TB remains one of the most wide-spread communicable diseases which have a critical impact on a persons health. That is why the analysis of the problems most significant aspects acquires the top priority for researchers who try to alter the situation. Definition of the Health Problem Tuberculosis is a severe infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis which mainly affects the lungs (CDC, 2015). However, in some instances, it could also affect other parts of the body (WHO, 2016). For a bigger part of history, the disease remained fatal and killed patients. Today, there is a complex and expensive treatment that results in complete recovery. Thus, there is a tendency towards the further spread of the disease and deterioration of the situation. As it has already been stated, the disease is caused by the MTB which is spread through the air. Humid, dark, and poorly ventilated areas are favorable for its development. The issue is complicated by the fact that most infections do not have symptoms and are called latent tuberculosis (WHO, 2017). However, 10% of latent infections could enter the active stage which if left untreated results in extremely high morbidity rates (WHO, 2017). A chronic cough, often with blood, fever, night sweats, and body loss are the classic symptoms that evidence active TB. Therefore, its diagnosing rests on using chest X-rays, microscopic examination of body fluids, tuberculin skin, and blood tests (WHO, 2017). Regarding the type of the disease, its treatment includes different antibiotics as the MTB is vulnerable to them. Therefore, the critical charact
The idea of the companies and industries holding a supply such as a cure that public needs but has no access to shows a lack of ethical as well as self-centeredness in the managers and owners of these firms. Even though this show how concerned the companies are towards their employees, the motive behind this changes the whole thing to negativity. Critically analyzed, the only reason that any company strives to keep the health of their workers in a go condition is to maintain and improve their level of output to maintain and improve the profit trend of the company. This explains the reason behind the company looking forward to establishing avian-influenza drug Tamiflu within the company for its employees and staffs. However, the rest of the community will have no idea of the existence of the drug and will be exposed to threats of the disease attack. This scenario poses two questions, who will inform the society on the availability of the drug and who will ensure the health of the community is taken care of- the community which is the customer of what these companies and industries are seeking to improve its production. It is important to clearly state that companies protecting their employees are not unethical. However, protecting its employees alone is what is unethical. In every juncture, it is worth realizing that what succeeds the strategic goals of any given company is not only the means of production; rather, the most important is the market of these products. No matter how much any company produces, if the market of these products is paralyzed, there are no benefits achieved at the end. Hence it is important for the company to consider the health of its customers as important as that of its employees (Robbins &Coulter 2008). Despite the factors of sustaining the potential of its customers, it is also ethical for companies to step out of income bracket and extend their services in a social manner to the people around their locality. Any company needs to ensure that its society does not only benefit from what they produce, but also from factors that give them solutions to their daily problem. One way of doing this is ensuring that the society is educated and it is in good health. Provision of means of acquiring this needs to be extended to the introduction of the facilities needed and the institutions concerned such as good health centers and schools. In such cases, the introduction of necessary medicines needed regardless of how rare they are in their acquisition needs to be provided to the people through these health centers. Due to the incapability of people to acquire these facilities, it is the duty of developed bodies within the society such as these companies to ensure people benefit by any means. Hence the c
Introduction I envision myself using Problem-Solving Therapy (PST) in practice in the future. PST alludes to a psychosomatic treatment where a therapist teaches clients to handle the adverse outcomes associated with stressful occurrences in their lives. This form of therapy also helps individuals to deal with their problems proactively. The key difference between PST and conventional psychotherapy is that PST applies cognitive and behavioral intermediations to work on life’s ups and downs. The key benefits of PST include the effective management of anxiety, alleviating depression, finding purpose, realizing goals, and resolving relationship difficulties. Research shows that PST is not only helpful in addressing mental problems but also solves physical disorders (Hickey & Freedson, 2016). The Theory Behind the Problem-Solving Therapy The main assumption of PST is that the indications of psychopathology can be deciphered as the undesired outcomes of poor coping strategies. PST strives to help individuals to take on a reasonably positive view of dealing with situations, comprehend the role of emotions, and create an effective action plan meant to minimize psychological suffering and promote well-being (Kleiboer et al., 2015). Specific intermediations that are relevant in PST include psychoeducation, collaborative problem-solving tasks, and motivational assignments. An Example of How I Might Use the Therapy in Practice I might use PST to help an unemployed young adult to improve his financial situation and a sense of satisfaction in life. Unemployment is a rampant problem in most parts of the world. This problem can partly be solved by providing employment opportunities. However, unemployed individuals also need to consider ways of using their skills to generate an income without depending on being employed. I would use PST to help the young adult to identify practical ways of applying their skills in a beneficial way. I would also encourage the client to consider entrepreneurship. For example, I would advise a graduate with Information Technology skills to consider freelance online employment by enrolling on websites that connect skilled workers with clients in need of his expertise on a short-term basis.
Abstract Recruitment and selection are as a human resource function in the hospitality and management industry play a key role in ensuring that the best staff is recruited in order to achieve the set goals and objectives of the organization by providing satisfactory customer service services. The process involves reviewing the job and needs for the job identifies the existing gaps in the organization and the need for them to fill. Job description and person specification is developed in order to enable management to come up with the duties and the personal attributes of employees to hire The selection process should be well designed to ensure efficiency. The panel to interview the candidates should be well-constituted in terms of gender and race if possible. Advertising of the existing post is done either internally or externally, inviting the public to apply for the said position. The advert comprises the job description and person specification. A shortlisting of candidates is done, and those selected are invited to attend the interviews. The time and place of the interview are notified, and candidates are notified of what to have with them at the date of the interview. After the interview, the selection is made. This is based on the merit and eligibility of the candidates interviewed. The successful candidates are sent letters and told where to report. On reporting conditional offer is made to the successful candidates. The offer should be within the salary range offered. Finally, the selected candidates are oriented and placed. Introduction Realizing talent in the hospitality industry is the most challenging issue in the present time. In today’s global candidate short market, a clear and refined recruitment policy is essential in order to achieve the objectives of the organization and command a big market share in the present competitive market. Recruiting and selecting the right people is paramount to the success of the hospitality industry in the sense that the best delivery will be enhanced if proper procedures are used and the right people selected who are able to handle their tasks to the best satisfaction of the customer. Recruitment and selection process Process outline   * Assessing the need for the job and ensuring that there are enough funds   * Draft the job description so as to ensure that it merits the present and future requirements   * Develop person specifications so as to ensure that personal requirements to perform the task are met   * Design the selection process   * Prepare the advertisement   * Shortlist the candidates   * Validate references, qualifications and security clearances   * Make appointments Reviewing the job and the need for it First and foremost, before any position is advertised, the managers need to consider the need for the job. They must ascertain the value the job w
Summary Content marketing is a marketing technique that focuses on creating and sharing content that is relevant to the audience and is able to engage people and build trusted relationships between the company and its customers. The first idea of this marketing approach is that it uses media content as the basis of all operations. The second notion is that such content can help the company to connect with its consumers and generate engagement. It is different from traditional strategies because it employs entertainment media to create brand value (“Content Marketing”). Currently, the public’s skepticism toward advertising becomes crucial to the success of marketing. Moreover, the number of brands continues to increase, which makes traditional advertising challenging. Many people use ad-blocking software, and the amount of advertisements unseen by people is growing. Content marketing aims to remove the wall between media content and company messages – to make branded content that has practical or informational value, inspires self-improvement, builds relationships, or creases an exciting story. Previous studies revealed that the rate of engagement with content influences people’s interest and connectedness with the advertised product (“Content Marketing”). The key to executing content marketing is storytelling – using the essential elements of a story (characters, conflict, and resolution), a brand can design experiences and develop a thematic storyline that continually engages consumers. For example, Coca-Cola’s theme is happiness, and its advertisements and campaigns capture small events where positive emotions of the people are displayed, while Coca-Cola is present in the scene, thus connecting the brand and the message. At present, such questions as to how should one define brand messages and how content marketing affects the media channel still exist in research. Application in the Steel Market Content marketing can be used in virtually any industry that can produce relatable and engaging content for its audience. For example, a steel company may focus on information about building, quality materials, and safety. By leading webinars, creating videos and blogs, the brand introduces new knowledge to its customers that makes them interested in the brand and its products. Viral videos can make the company widely recognizable, and informative texts should provide the firm with an increasing number of loyal customers. The brand has to produce content that is easy to share and is appealing to people or businesses that purchase steel products. Thus, after customer analysis and segmentation, the companies can find which particular topics are the most engaging and use this data to create content. Regarding real-life events, seminars and presentations can be a part of the marketing process as well. Works Cited “Content Marketing: Using Media Content to Create Brand Value.” YouTube, uploaded by Marketing Science Institute. 2017, Web.
The mid-1900s was a time of tremendous social change as women began to gain some real freedoms. Until the 1960s, women remained primarily confined to the house and within a specific ideal, held by both men and women, regarding a specific conception of ‘femininity’. With the success of the Civil Rights movement and other events taking place during the 1960s, women began to find their voice and assert their right to be heard. The films produced in Hollywood during this time reflected and led to new ideas concerning the proper role of women in society. Films such as “Singing in the Rain” produced in 1952 and “Funny Girl” made in 1968, reflect how thinking had changed regarding women during the intervening years. To establish a base knowledge of the prevalent ideals regarding ‘proper’ female behavior in 1952, it is helpful to compare the two female lead characters Kathy Seldon and Lina Lamont. Lina is physically imposing, headstrong, powerful, famous, independently wealthy and influential, demanding that her voice be heard. This is compared to Kathy Seldon, who first appears in the picture as a completely respectable ‘regular’ girl, in white kid gloves and proper hat. She is intelligent and, as the film proceeds, demonstrated to be vocally talented and sacrificing when the opportunity arises for her to save a friend, “the important thing is to save ‘The Duelling Cavalier’.” Although she is mortally hurt and furious with Don when he orders her to sing at the grand opening of “The Dancing Cavalier”, she is rewarded for her obedience even as Lina is disgraced for her headstrong insistence. Many of the characteristics Lina displays in 1952 are also import