ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The new Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ) is one of the rocky, mountainous regions in the eastern parts of United States. The NMSZ occupies the southeastern part of Missouri and the southern part of Illinois. The large earthquakes, which occur in the region significantly, affect the New Madrid Seismic Zone. The closest areas that are also affected by the zone earthquakes are Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky, and Illinois (Weznger 213). The southwestern parts of Indiana and the northwestern Mississippi have also declared to receive extraordinary shaking from the regions strong earthquakes. Interesting physical features such as Rocky Mountains, rivers, and natural phenomenon like earthquakes surround the area. The latest New Madrid fault system covers an area of 120 miles, cutting across the Mississippi River as well as Ohio River. The above figure shows the neighboring areas that are also affected by earthquakes (Nixon 1). Geology The New Madrid Seismic Zone is composed of faults that were experienced, when the area that is currently referred to as North America broke up. This occurrence happened nearly 750 million years ago. The main cracks, which were formed, resulted to present faults that are found in the zone. The magma that was pushed from inside the rocks came at the surface and formed themselves into igneous rocks (Keith and Petley 134). The rift, that was formed when the earth was splitting off, remained as a region of weakness underneath the earth surface. Later, yet another unsuccessful rifting trial left the area being weaker than before, therefore, creating more faults. The second occurrence of unsuccessful rifting occurred approximately 200 million years ago. The reel foot rift was realized because of geological structures that emerged after every rifting attempt. The large rocks that are found underneath the earths surface in New Madrid are feared to be mechanically weaker than most of other parts of North America, due to the past fault that were created. The above figure (Nixon 1). The underneath weaknesses, together with the effects of stronger rocks, allow the east west condensed forces to reinforce the old faults. Although there are several rifts that are experienced in most parts of North America, not all of them are associated with the modern types of earthquakes that occur in the area (Nixon 1). For instance, the mid-continent rift system that starts from Minnesota and ends in Kansas may not be associated with any earthquake, as other processes may add to mechanical stress on the already existing faults. Some of the local processes that are suspected to cause earthquakes are downward pulling from underneath rocks that are below the fault. Other incidences include bending of the lit
This is the story of a young woman called Elka, whose name is also the title of the soap. She is the daughter of Menzer, a billionaire in the real estate business. Elka’s life is full of drama, tragedy, ghosts from the past and romance. As a 24 year old young woman, she has had to go through murky waters. Her mother died in her arms when she was 16 (she had been stubbed). The police found the knife in Elka’s hands and her hands were soaked in her mother’s blood. She had fought with her mother the previous week, nothing serious, but the police did not see that; all they saw was a troubled sixteen year old girl. The court found her guilty for man slaughter and sent her to juvenile detention for 2 years, to be sentenced as an adult when she turned 18. Elka claimed she was innocent, but no one believed her. Being in prison was torture for her. She spent many months thinking about the person behind her mother’s death. At the age of 23 and while in prison, the investigators found new evidence (a video tape that placed her at a gas station, with her friends, at the time of the murder) that exonerated her. Now she is out of prison and out to get the person, who killed her mother, reconcile with her father, go to rehabilitation to fight the alcohol addiction and be with the man she loves (Jake, a man she had been in love with since she was 14). Location The story is set in Miami, a location chosen for its scenery and booming real estate business. Elka’s father lives here and his office is located in Menzer Tower, overlooking the beach. The key set locations will be Menzer’s home (where Elka grew up and is returning to, after leaving prison), the police station and the bar (where Jake works). Menzer’s home will play an important role, in understanding how the murder took place, and this is where, Elka’s relationship with her father will be portrayed. Elka and Jake will be making frequent visits to the Police department. The bar sets the stage for Elka’s romantic future with Jake and it also shows the gap in social class (she is from the high class part of town and Jake is from a middle class family; his father is a math teacher at a local high school and his mother is a nurse). There will be occasional scenes at the beach and scenes from the Alcoholics Anonymous meetings (where Elka is seeking help for her addiction) and the hospital (where Jakes mother works). Central Characters Elka is the main character of the story; most events will revolve around her. She is entangled in a web of drama, tragedy, and romance. She seeks vengeance, forgiveness and love. A woman in her early 20’s, she never got a chance to go to college; she is struggling with an alcohol addiction. She sometimes has nightmares of her mother’s death, which causes her to drink. She is in love and will soon marry Jake. She wears a cheap ring that Jake gave her; Jake’s mother had given it him for good luck. Menzer, a billionaire in the real estate busi
A philosophical discussion of the root definition in sot systems thinking: an enrichment of CATWOE Key points Andrew Basden and Trevor Wood-Harper bring the reader to terms with the use of acronyms in the article. They authors describe SSM and CATWOE as Soft Systems Methodology and Customers, Actors, Transformation process, Weltanschauung, Ownership as well as Environmental constrains respectively. They state that SSM advance factual-world conditions through the orchestration of changes in diversity including norms, connections and views among the stakeholders in human activity system. The omission of any of the CATWOE elements critically impoverishes the core definition. Arguments Basden and Trevor argue that the shortcomings in CATWOE arise as a result of misconceptions in construing the constituents. Apparently, apprentices and experienced professionals fail to get the precise meaning of such elements hence end up misrepresenting facts. The misinterpretations may be mitigated when the learner understands the precise meanings and representations of the elements during the initial stages of learning. The problem addressed Basden and Trevor addresses the problems faced in CATWOE. These include the misinterpretations of the precision meanings of each initial in the acronym. For example, the C (customer) is misinterpreted as the receiver of goods or services while in this context, it actually means the injured party or the beneficiary of the Transformation process. The authors also address all the other elements of CATWOE. They attempt to demystify the vagueness and misinterpretation inherent in construing the actual representation of the elements (Basden & Wood-Harper, 2006). In fact, they redefine each of the elements. What the author knows about the problem Basden and Trevor are well versed with both SSM and COTWOE. They take time to ensure that the reader understands both SSM and CATWOE by comprehensively addressing the relevance of the elements of CATWOE to SSM. They present the importance of comprehending CATWOE for both apprentice and experienced professionals. They address the importance in understanding thinking systems in the social context. They imply that it is fundamental to comprehend CATWOE elements as presented throughout early learning processes in a technique that the elements inherently involve what is essential. This will promote aspects such as fundamental insights in the systems thinking or teach customers how to handle situations of conflict. Basden and Trevor understand Dooyeweerd comprehensively given the multiple literature reviews they have conducted by other authors including Bergavall-Kareborn (Basden and Trevor 2006, p.61). Authors’ proposal Basden and Trevor suggest that CATWOE can be improved in a manner that is receptive to the core ideologies of SSM. The technique will afford learners and experienced professionals with a wealthier comprehension of every CATWOE element. The technique will consequently make the integration of additional material
World’s attempt to foster peace in Middle East with the rest of the world remains a challenge in the 21 st century. While the US remains optimistic in the realization of this peace, its relationship with the region gradually threatens the global peace. Studies reveal that the US approaches and strategies of peace building are viably inapplicable for the region. Based on ‘Shank and Schirch’ reading, the essay argues to justify the arts-based strategy as the ideal mechanism for peace building in the Middle East. Studies show that arts such as music, art, and theater provide a wide range of resources for peace building. Communication, organization, education, and training are some of the tools for peace building, which arts satisfactorily provide. As one of the regions, which highly uphold culture, arts would successfully serve as the efficient communication tool for peace builders in the Middle East. Through performances, artists such as musicians communicate the messages of peace to the society. In fact, according to Shank and Schirch, Artists have used arts “for centuries to communicate human experience” (218). It can as well build peace in most of these regions. Since most parts of the world uphold music, the Middle East inclusive, the message content would reach widespread groups of people and hence promote peace within the region. Therefore, the US should embrace arts as a tool for embracing of peace rather than the military attacks to the region. Secondly, arts result into organizations that act as vehicles of peace. Although Hip-hop music dates its roots in America, it has spread to all over the world with the artists ‘virtually organized’ to wage war against political confl
Modern technologies let science go beyond all possible limits. The constant introduction of innovations made people rather exigent and these days it is hard to please them when it comes to products and services. However, this is not the biggest problem humanity is facing. Far more important is the fact that youth does not have a strong desire to study anymore stating that the classes are boring and the world offers far more interesting occupations than listening to the lectures, taking notes, and doing homework. Scholars apply numerous theories to understand the essence of learning and to help students get motivated towards their studies. “Behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism are the three broad learning theories most often utilized in the creation of instructional environments” (Siemens). Applying these theories was beneficial but only in those times when the influence of technology on the studying process was not so immense. Due to the slow development of information which could be observed a couple of decades ago, the learners were more successful in completing their studies, entering a career, and working their entire life at one and the same job. They have been acquiring knowledge throughout the decades whereas the knowledge of modern learners “is now measured in months and years” (Siemens). This happens mostly because the world is in incessant development and the amount of knowledge about it, which would suffice several decades ago is negligibly small as compared to what is needed today. Modern technologies shape the way of people’s thinking and give a possibility of learning through different tools, such as “communities in practice, personal networks, and through completion of work-related tasks”, which results in students’ lack of motivation towards regular studies at schools or in colleges. A number of studies have been dedicated to the exploration of the lack of motivation in students but the scholars still did not work out a suitable solution to this problem. It is necessary to find out why the students’ lack of motivation is a problem, what main factors contribute to this lack of motiva
On the 20-th of May took place a very significant event in the world of European soccer which defined the real contender to get one of few main prizes in this part of the world. It is the final UEFA Cup match between German team Werder, Bremen and Ukrainian Shakhtar, Donetsk. The match which impressed by its tension and beauty of separate multiple moments to have great impacts on the match outcome afterwards cannot put aside any of the fans. Looking back the result of the match should be recalled: 2:1 in Shakhtar’s favor. The game was full of striking episodes in ball possession which was mainly on the ground. Shakhtar made many of long and at times effective diagonal handoffs. The players demonstrated a great play in terms of technique and urge to win. The arrangement of players was designed so that to play in the first line mainly with Luiz Adriano as the forward, Jadson as the midfielder, Ilsinho being the right half-back and Willian to possess the left wing oh half-back line. On the whole with the rest of Shakhtar players the game spread out on the whole area of the field and change for rather long periods of time the halves of the field provoking alternate attacks and counterattacks. The main feature of the manner to play about this club is that the players succeed usually by having an effective handoff near penalty zone and passing ball on the central players directly within it. Such attempts were not read by players of Werder in time that is why the first goal was due to Shakhtar and Luiz Adriano in particular. One full-fledged opportunity to score a goal was missed by players of Shakhtar when Fernandinho ventured to kick the ball through the wall of German backs. It was very exiting and at the moment bore in mind the idea that the team had a great tactics realized throughout the whole period of game. Dmytro Chygrynskiy and Kucher defended the net by a fantastic and reasonable ball possession near own penalty zone. Their game was led in law drive mainly and resulted in better defendence strategy which was showed opposing to Werder’s play. Backs were always deep in their own half of the field and predominantly did not leave their positions. The team was demonstrating all time long the aggressive plays despite the physical predominance of Werder, Brazilian main players of Shakhtar are short. Darjio Srna who is the captain of the team and was previously acknowledged as one of the best right-hand backs in Europe made the most of handoffs one of which in the 97th minute of additional time resulted Jadson’s 15-yard shot into the net of Werder. All in all the team held down the leadership because of strong defence and active attacking reactions. The strongest part of play was observed in the midfield zone due to the frivolous dummies and responsible play within the team respecting the importance of all players’ involvement underway to victory. The weakest moments were connected with the absence of strive at the last thirty minutes of game. It was, of course, because of lack of energies. Nevertheless, the team shifted all possible expectations having gained the first UEFA Cup among the Ukrainian teams.
Introduction The book, “Under the Influence” is about a son who gives an account of how his alcoholic father was and the causes of his father’s demise. The main theme of the story is alcoholism. The story highlights on how the father used to conceal alcohol in order to drink it later. In the beginning, he thinks that his father’s predicaments are due to his failures in school and home. However, at the end of the story, the son discovers that he was not the source of his problems but instead alcoholism was. In bizarre circumstances, he also follows his dads’ footsteps and becomes an alcoholic. From the narration, it is evident that individuals are affected, in one way or another, by the kind of actions taken by others. In this case, the narrator’s father was always drunk and his death affected his friends, family and himself. The tale relates to the narrator’s personal life. He confesses, “Alcoholism does run in my family but really only affected two people, my dad and my grandpa”. He goes on saying, “I was mortified” (Sanders, 1989). Alcoholism caused a lot of troubles in this family. From its effects, the narrator’s dad became irresponsible, cruel and at the end, the doctor’s recommended a liver transplant for him. At the same time, the narrator’s grandpa was dying due as a result of the same. The impact of alcohol is so intense that, “In matter of minutes, the content of a bottle could transform a brave man into a coward, a buddy into a bully, a gifted athlete and skilled carpenter and shrewd business man into a bumbler”. The book, “The Inheritance of Tools,” explains the significance of family associations and parental leadership in the development of a human being. Beginning with his grandfather, the storyteller’s family created a connection through the utilization of tools. The narrator illustrates this connection by saying, “The tools in my workbench are a double inheritance, for each hammer and level and saw is wrapped in a cloud of knowing” (Sanders , 1986). According to the narrator, his association with his children, grandfather, and father is vital to life, character, education as well as the entire family. His initial teachings about life were based on his dad’s advice. Summary In this book, “Under the Influence”, it is revealed that the brain is exceedingly vulnerable to the utilization of alcohol. It is stated in the story that, “When drunk, our father was clearly in his wrong mind. He became a stranger, as fearful to us as any graveyard lunatic, not quite frothing at the mouth but fierce enough, quick-tempered, explosive: or else he grew maudlin and weepy, which frightened us nearly as much” (Sanders, 1989). The effect of alcohol on an individual varies as it can alter the way one thinks and make
Introduction In the first decade of the twentieth century, Freud expressed the idea that humans are sensual-sexual creatures. The mentioned sensuality occurs in infancy and accompanies an individual to the phase of adulthood (Silverman 1). Aside from the given idea, Sigmund Freud also advanced the theory that human personality is composed of three elements: the id, the ego, and the superego. The way these components interact usually determines what sort of personality will be formed. Stages of Psychosexual Development Freud argued that the psychosexual development of a personality goes through five stages. In psychology, these stages are named oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital (Silverman 1). Each phase is characterized by conflicts that either stimulate or restrain personal development. Successful completion of a particular stage leads to the occurrence of a healthy personality. In the meantime, the inability to complete the phase results in a fixation, which can be defined as the focus on an earlier psychosexual stage (Silverman 2). The oral stage is the first on the list; it begins right after the birth of an infant. During this period, the interaction with other individuals is mostly performed through the mouth. At the age of one, a child enters the anal stage, during which he/she learns to control bladder and bowel movement (Silverman 2). The phallic phase begins at the age of three: a child becomes aware of anatomical differences, as sensitivity is now concentrated in his/her genitals. When the latency stage arrives (5 or 6 years old), libido turns out to be dormant, as interests are shifted towards hobbies and friendship. Finally, puberty signals the arrival of the genital stage, which is accompanied by sexual experimentation and further one-to-one relationships. ID, Ego, and Superego Human personality represents a complex mechanism consisting of several components. The ID is an entirely unconscious component that a person acquires from birth; it only covers primitive and instinctive behaviors (Silverman 4). Its functions are mostly reduced to fulfilling the infant’s needs at earlier stages of one’s life. The second element is the ego, the one that is responsible for dealing with the real world. The ego develops from the ID and fulfills preconscious, conscious, and unconscious functions. The given element presupposes controlling and directing one’s actions (Silverman 4). The final component called the superego represents a collection of moral standards an individual receives from interaction with society. Its main function is to guide a person in making judgments. Defense Mechanisms Defense mechanisms are
The story ‘Daisy Miller’ is a narrative that tells the story of a young American girl whose zeal to explore compromises her reputation. This narrative gives a short description of the story and captures key events that make Daisy, a socially unaccepted girl in a society that esteem traditional morality. The second part of the article points out two central themes namely; traditional morality and free will that revolve around the story ‘Daisy Miller’. It also gives an in-depth analysis of how the main characters represent the aforementioned themes. Winterborne meets Daisy, a beautiful young American girl, in the Swiss holiday resort. Apparently, Daisy has no misgiving holding conversations with strangers. He perceives her as “a pretty American flirt” (Henry 15).In the height of Winterborne’s talk with her, she mentions her intentions to hang out at a castle across the water; he expresses his interest in having the adventurous walk with her. After a couple of days, Daisy finds it appropriate to introduce Winterborne to her mother regardless of his doubts as to whether her mother would be comfortable with the whole idea. Later on that evening, Daisy suggests to Winterborne about her wish to ride on the lake and willingly overlooks the appropriateness of the time. Somewhere at the back of his mind, Winterborne is mystified by Daisy’s thoughts and actions. Despite the fact that he has serious concerns about Daisy’s tarnishing reputation he gets carried away by her spontaneity and levity. He reassures his innate being that Daisy could be acting out of innocence. Deep down, Winterborne is dying to introduce Daisy to her aunt Mrs. Castello but she turns down the request with justifiable allegations she had heard about her. According to Mrs. Castello, the young American girl was flaunting and vulgar. In the course of their get together at the castle, Daisy gets to know that Winterborne would soon leave. After infuriating him about being under the possible tempt of some woman, she makes him pledge to visit her in Rome. Several months pass by, and Winterborne goes to Rome upon which he finds out that Daisy Miller is a household story. The natives of Rome allege that she’s fond of meeting strange men in discreet venues. As a coincidence Daisy meets Winterborne and teases him at the house of a mutual companion, Mrs. Walker. Daisy talks of her intentions to visit Mr. Giovanelli and pays little attention to Mrs. Walker advisory against being seen with men. When Winterborne tries to caution her against visiting Mr. Giovanelli, she says, “I have never allowed a gentleman to dictate to me or interfere with anything I do” (Henry 49). She resolves this by requesting Winterborne to accompany him. In a matter of minutes, Mrs. Walker pulls over her carriage and pleads with her to leave the company of Winterborne and Mr. Giovanelli. She reproves her about what people would say when they se