ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The grim consequences of global warming are now with us here. An apocalyptic report pointed to a severe water supply shortage in Australia with a highly unpredictable rain pattern. The projection is coupled with a 3-7 years timescale for actual statistical measures on the rain patterns and climate change across Australia. According to the article, Australia’s Water Crisis (1), a grim picture is painted about Australian water status “The reality is that nation’s water resources are limited in both quantity and quality. Australia uses about 24 million megalitres of water annually. Each Australian uses 1,224,000 cubic metres of water a year.” The report observes that several unfavorable adverse effects and scenarios are bound to unfold following the critical incidents of water shortages in the country. Among the undesirable consequences include social and economic impacts on a large scale. According to the chart illustrated below, the nation will experience falling crop yields in many areas adversely impacting both developed and developing regions of the country. In addition to that, rising water shortages will create a scenario by impacting adversely, driving some animal species to extinction in addition to rising fires in many parts of the country. The rising trend in water usage on a global scale does not leave Australia behind. Australian cities have over time faced dwindling water levels. The article Australia’s Water Crisis (1) brings to light the grim effects of the dwindling water resources within the city of Sydney. The report asserts that a 41% drop in water levels has been witnessed while demand for the same commodity experienced an upward trend, in the range of 1614 megalitres of water (Australia’s Water Crisis 1). Statistics indicate that the crisis is developing and if no interventional measures are put in place, the situation will consequently spiral out of control. The situation is agg
Introduction An in basket exercise is a test used to check if administrators and senior managers have the ability to plan, organize and manage different activities and delegate responsibilities to the most competent assistants. In the test, the candidate is expected to respond to letters, emails, memos, telephone messages, fax and other communiqué at his desk within a stipulated period of time (Stillman 23). The test is usually administered to managers in the public and private sector (University of British Columbia 1). The candidate is given a limited time to respond to urgent matters and this requires that one develop a plan of action, set priorities on the different tasks, evaluate the task and make tradeoffs and give a rationale for selecting a given task (Public Service Commission of Canada 4). Description of the case study In this case study, I.M Trubble is the Assistant Deputy Minister for Immigration in the republic of Canada. After returning from a trip, Trubble finds 16 urgent letters and memos that need to be addressed within a short duration. The letters require her attention on various matters. These matters are classified as:   * Drafting letters and speeches for the minister   * Departmental roles such as approving travel and leave application   * Personal matters such as attending the divorce proceedings All these matters need her urgent attention but not all these tasks can be performed at the same time. At the moment, she cannot delegate these roles as her two assistant are not within the premises. This means that Mrs. Trubble has to perform a critical analysis of all the tasks so as to prioritize the main tasks and delegate others at a later date. In the case study, Mrs. Trubble must perform all the activities on Sunday evening. In order to make these decisions and set priorities, an evaluation of the tradeoff between different activities must be done Determining and Classifying Items The first step is to determine the nature of all the 16 items in the waiting lists. This was done by listing all the items and classifying these items into three categories. A study of all the 16 items indicate that there are four persistent issues that need to be addressed by the assistant minister, these are   * Refugees operations being handled by the minister   * Visit by the head of state   * Other issues such as fraud   * Personal issues such as the divorce proceedings Table 1 below shows the classification of all the items into the different themes Theme                   Item/letter number                                              Details                                                                                                                       Actions required                                                                                                              Refugees operations     4                                                               Letter to Manama prepared by administrative assistant                                                                         Read, verify and send the letter bac
Sydney Airport is a very important piece of infrastructural facility to the Australian economy and the world in the general. The government in coordination with the Airport’s management is planning to launch major commercial flights at the airport and therefore there is need to expand the facility in order to accommodate commercial flights such as A380 and other new generational aircrafts. Airbus A380 has a capacity of around 600 that surpasses the capacity of normal planes by almost 50%. Apart from carrying more passengers, A380 will greatly help in the reduction of emissions and noise. This paper will highlight the infrastructure plan and building works by the airport management to enable the smooth operations of Airbus A380. Sydney Airport has got elaborate plans in place to meet the ever increasing demand and at the same time maximize its positional advantage. The government in coordination with the Airport’s management has a plan of building new terminal extensions and at the same time embarks on upgrading the existing ones (Parkin, 1999). The other projects in the master plan include a new aircraft parking and an expanded fright terminal to accommodate A380. The strengthening of runways is also important in facilitating the operation of the A380 aircraft. The Airport has to upgrade its infrastructure in line with the international aviation standards for it to be permitted to land high capacity aircrafts such A380. Public and passenger safety is mandatory and therefore the necessary infrastructure and building works had to form the core part of the Airport’s master plan (Parkin, 1999). Since the pavement shoulders to runways and taxiways are very narrow, widening them was a priority. In order to accommodate the A380
Introduction Protecting refugees who have left their homes because of armed conflicts and abuses is among challenges facing the world. Australia, being among the international community members, has a responsibility of taking care of these refugees until the situation in their country is resolved. For each 1000 inhabitant, Australia has about 1.1 refugees; this is overwhelming when it is compared to the United States with 6.2, Germany with 7, Syria with 75.5, UK with 8.4, Canada with 17.9 and Jordan with 84.4. Australia has major concerns on how it offers basic services to its refugees; this includes insecurity in housing and economic exclusion, complex situation in the provision of rental houses, among others. This issue requires attention because refugees, as everyone else need safety, security and an environment that gives them determination. Also, as other refugees, refugees in Australia require special care because of the displacement, trauma and health issues they go through as they seek for refuge (Kelaher and Manderson, 2000). There is a need for them to be close to community programs and support services that will help them live a normal life. Auburn is a location in Australia, with the majority of its inhabitants being refugees; this study will explore how services are offered to these immigrants in Auburn. Literature Review Since the early 1940s, Australia has had a unique experience with more than five million people having settled in the country from other countries. Demographic research in Australia indicated that more than ninety percent of its population can trace their original countries with a minor exception of close to two percent, which is made up of Torres Strait islanders and Aborigines (Castles, 1992, p. 549). According to Castles’ survey in 1992, immigration has remained a central point of concern for many leaders in Australia, and this is mainly attributed to the need for nation building and planning. He further noted that one out of five people in Australia is an immigrant with cities like Sydney and Melbourne being highly affected. As a result, Australia has become one of the most diverse countries in terms of cultural diversity (Murphy, 2011). It embraces a myriad of identities from around the world including America, Asia and Africa. The question, which researchers have always tried to answer is the major cause of influx of people to Australia and how this movement impacts the country’s development. Are there any challenges encountered by service provides and immigrants in Australia? According to Waxman, communication is considered as a major challenge for immigrants from non-English speaking nations. Commonly affected people are usually from Iraq, Afghanistan and Bosnia who mainly settled in Sydney (Waxman, 1998, p. 761). His study further identified Afghans to have the highest level of English proficiency, a factor attributed to their longest period of time spent in the country as compared to their counterparts from Iraq and Bosnia. Language is known as a key comm
In Homer’s Odyssee, both Odysseus and Athena are shown to be not only cunning but also witty in their characters. They are shown to lie in many instances and for different reasons. They outdo themselves with their lies, and this is illustrated in the discussion. In the first book, Athena disguises herself as Odysseus’ old friend, Mentes, and seeks out Telemachus, Odysseus’ son. This is in a bid to convince him that his father is still alive. She also advises him that he should banish the suitors from his father’s estate. This is the first of many lies to come. In that instance, Athena lies so that she can rebuild hope in Telemachus, who has resolved that his father is not coming back as he believes that he is dead. She also convinces him to set out for Pylos and Sparta to seek information about his father. In this instance also, Athena lies because she is fond of Odysseus, and she wants to safeguard his estates from the suitors (Ameis, Hentze, and Cauer 99-105). Secondly, she visits Telemachus disguised as Mentor and predicts that his quest would be fruitful. He also encourages him to take heart, ‘Telemachus, you are to be no thoughtless man, no coward, if truly the strong force of your father is instilled in you; such a man he was for accomplishing word and action.’ (Ameis, Hentze, and Cauer, 267-272). Athena subsequently disguises herself as Telemachus and scouts the streets to recruit sailors who are to set out with Telemachus. Athena uses dishonesty to speak the truth and to guide Telemachus. In both these instances, Athena lies with disguises, but she does this in the belief that it is for the greater good. Odysseus, on the other hand, is shown to be more cunning than Athena in his deceptions. When he encounters Polyphemos, he lies about his identity and what happened to his vessel. He tells him that his name is Nobody. ‘Nobody is my name. My father and mother call me Nobody, as do all the others who are my companions’ (Ameis, Hentze, and Cauer 366-367). This turns out to be valuable when he blinds Polyphemos with a hot stick because Polyphemos shouts that Nobody is attacking him, therefore, his servants do not rush in to help him. Odysseus also tells him that his ship was wrecked by Poseidon, Polyphemos’ father, who is the god of the sea. ‘Poseidon, Shaker of the Earth, has shattered my vessel. He drove it against the rocks on the outer coast of your country, cracked on a cliff, it is gone, the wind on the sea took it’ (Ameis, Hentze, and Cauer 279-285). By doing so, he protects his ship as Polyphemos would otherwise destroy it. In a nutshell, he does it for the sake of survival. This is an explicit example of how sly Odysseus can be. When Athena meets with Odysseus after his ship has turned to stone and sank to the bottom of the sea, she disguises herself from him; he then does the same until she reveals who she really is to Odys
Love has changed between men and women in society as brought out in these films. The producers of both films have done exceptionally well to present the intricacies of love in a way that makes it easy for the audience to clearly understand their purpose for developing these literary works. It should be noted that both films were produced during two different time frames. The time gap between the two films goes beyond a decade. As a result, it can be argued that the time difference between these two films is significant in terms of understanding the changes in the depiction of the theme of love by the producers of the films. There are several changes related to how the producers have depicted the theme of love in both films. First, love has changed between men and women in society in terms of the motivation to love by the characters in the films. In “My Best Friend’s girl,” the motivations of love are intentional. Tank and Alexis end up romantically loving one another at the end of the film. However, it should be noted that their motivation to love one another came as a consequence of intent. After the discovery of the truth about the trick used by Tank to help his friends win the love of the ladies they love, Alexis gets disappointed in Tank and feels used by him. This leads to their separation. However, the story changes at the end of the movie when Alexis and Tank rekindle their love again. In contrast, there is a change in motivation to love as depicted in “Titanic.” This is presented in two aspects. First, in the case of Cal and Rose’s relationship, the depiction of motivation to love is basically out of selfish interests. Cal likes the physical beauty of Rose, and this forms the reason why he wants to marry her. His lust after her physical beauty motivates him to propose marriage to Rose. On the other hand, Rose’s mother mounts pressure on her daughter to get married to the rich man- Cal, so that her family can get financial security out their marriage. She forces Rose to get married to a man whom she does she does not love. At this point, it should be noted that the motivation of love is selfishness. The second aspect of the motivation of love is pure love. This is depicted in the case of Rose and Jack. The two meet in the cruise ship and end up falling in love with one another out personal liking of one another. The love between them is mutual and pure. Both of them are seeking to love one another out of their own volition, rather than compulsion. The second demonstration that love has changed between men and women in society as depicted in both films is about the environmental circumstances. The producer of “Titanic” brings out the theme of love based on an environment surrounded by nature. Nature becomes the environment upon whi
Introduction Palliative care is very important in the medical practice where some effort is meant to eliminate the symptoms or at least prevent aggravation of the disease. Cancer is a major disease of concern since in most cases treating the disease is usually very hard. It usually presents itself with some critically serious symptoms that pose a threat to the patients. Patients suffer physically and emotionally. Dyspnea is very uncomfortable responsiveness to difficulty in breathing. Such feeling makes the patients feel claudication in the chest and feel breathless. The symptom is very common and very devastating in cancer patients. In the cases of advanced cancer, the purpose of a dependable assessment of the condition, Dyspnea is basically to be able to determine the best and most effective way of managing the perception of breathlessness. Regrettably, the only information and experience that has been used in Dyspnea have been obtained from practical interaction with actual patients with pulmonary disease and in the dearth of knowledge about specific assessments of cancer, yet Dyspnea is a very complex problem. Background Information and Vocabulary Dyspnea has been specially defined by the American Thoracic Society as the “subjective occurrence of breathing discomfort that consists of qualitatively different sensations that fluctuate greatly in intensity”. It is a subjective symptom experienced by the individual, rather than a noticeable or measurable sign (Meek, 2004, p 21). Dyspnea can be dominant, incapacitating, and a horrifying personal experience. This is usually presented in a majority of patients with advanced cancer. It has various elements that are required in the definition of the problem. And they include terms like air hunger, suffocation, rapid shallow breathing, and chest tightness (Meek, 2004, p 21). Dyspnea during exertion is the most general presenting complaint about terminal stage cancer patients. It is a subjective and multi-dimensional personal experience among advanced cancer patients; it is a physical abnormality and is affected by psychological, emotional, environmental, and social factors. The causes of Dyspnea in cancer patients are varied and in some cases, they could be some of the undesirable side effects medications in cancer treatment such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy (Meek, 2004, p. 28). Some chemotherapy interventions result in anemia, pulmonary toxicity, cardiac problems, restrictive cardiomyopathies, and radiation pneumonitis or fibrosis. The causes of dyspnea in cancer patients could also be a result of the progress of cancer itself. For instance, pulmonary parenchymal growth, lymphatic carcinomatosis, obstruction of the pulmonary system by tumor, pericardial effusions, ascites, hepatomegaly, superior vena cava syndrome, and pulmonary leukostasis (Moy, et al, 2000, p. 453) all play a role. The Dyspnea increases as the cancer stage advances especially if the death is imminent, it can be seen up to 50% – 70% of terminally ill cancer patients experience dyspnea in the last 6 weeks of life and the symptoms aggravated with
International Business machines Corporation (IBM), deals with computer technology through manufacturing and selling computer components. All though it has been an information technology company in the USA with its headquarters at Armonk New York. Due to the current state of competition in the information technology market in the USA, the company has adopted various organizational behavior tools such as motivation, instilling ethics, and emphasizing conflict management between the organization administration and the employees n above managing conflict between the workers. With a high number of employees close to 350,000, the organization has been trying to dominate the market through the use of organizational behavior concept that motivates the employees. In all cases, organization behavior concepts play an important role in determining the performance health of such entities. Organizational behavior deals with how different behavioral therapies of workers at the workplace. For IBM, this rule is not an exception. Perhaps the outstanding performance with the corporation is deeply rooted in its outstanding behavioral concepts. Throughout its history, it has been known to be a responsible initiator in developing good organizational behavior concepts. Motivation is a concept that IBM uses to improve its employee’s interest in the performance of roles and duties within the corporation. It does this through the understanding of the importance. All through the corporation has worked on improving its performance through the use of motivational concepts its workers. It has a labor union that works to fight for the rights of the employees. With this scheme, the employees have been able to enter into different motivational undertakings that seek to promote both the benefits of the workers and the company. Throughout history, the company has had a remarkable relationship with its employees where high staff retention has been seen. Due to its good reputation, there have been very few cases of employees turnover. In 2005, the organization revised its pension scheme to facilitate better pension pay to its workers. Either the company has been voiced it offers very attractive remunerations to its workers which have been an incentive for working harder and therefore improving the productivity of its workforce. Generally, the organizational structure of the company forms a good basis for the motivational structure of the corporation where a cordial relationship between the administration and the workers has been fostered. The program between them and the administration for exam
Introduction Software piracy is one of the crucial issues that Canada is facing in recent times. The issue has been crucial not only in Canada but is also one of the major global issues. The term software piracy is a combination of illegal and unlicensed usage, reproduction, or trade of software. This issue affects not only the company or trader who deals in the software but also the economy of the country. Software piracy is copying the software for using it in multiple systems. This act is similar to that of copying a copyrighted material and is an act that falls under civil and criminal offense. It harms the profitability of a business as the company loses a large customer base due to this. The profits that are to be received by the software companies are being washed away by this act. Even though software piracy is being less cared for by the people it is punishable under the law as it is illegal. Software piracy is in different forms. When people purchase software, they gain the right to use that software only on one computer. It becomes illegal if he uses it on any other computer or if he supplies it to his friends for copying. It is also illegal when it is distributed on the internet or is used in a network. The growing rate of software piracy has necessitated prompt actions on the part of the Canadian Government. Even though many measures were adopted, software piracy is still prevalent in the country and so one can conclude that RCMP is not busting software pirates. Main body It is found that the majority of the statistical data that are given out by RCMP regarding piracy is wrong. The major problem with the data published by RCMP is that there is no reliable source to support their argument. They published that the loss for the Canadian economy from piracy and counterfeiting accounted for $10 billion to $30 billion. It is found that the figures that were given by the RCMP are based on a search from the internet. They did not conduct any survey or study regarding this. While careful examination it was found that the $10 and 30 billion dollars were from the report telecasted in CTV and from a presentation by the Chief Economist for the Canadian Manufacturing and Exporters, Jayson Myers. Therefore, it can be concluded that the data being published by them is unreliable. The software piracy rate is higher in Canada. The software piracy rate has affected not only the companies but also the country’s economy. It is found that the software piracy rate in the country has increased over years. A 1 percentage increase in the piracy rate has been reported from the year 2005 – 2006. It is also found that the piracy rate in Canada is higher than that of the US. Microsoft has made many attempts like regular campaigning and educating the people regarding the consequences of software piracy.