ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Primarily, I learned about Jean Michel Basquiat that he was a bright and extravagant personality, a lucky man from the streets, and a genius of his time. Precocious and incredibly talented, Jean Michel began his career with graffiti on the walls and began creating great art. The young guy became a famous neo-expressionist, creating several emotionally expressive works. The artist breathed life into his characters, saturated them with soul and time. His works are a collection of unusual symbols, logos, and pictograms. Many paintings resemble children’s, inept scribbles and handwriting – this is the author’s style. Among other things, Michel is known as a musician and pop icon, the leader of his own band “Gray”, a cultural figure, a producer. Nowadays, his works are worth millions of dollars at world auctions, and many art critics have noted the potential of the neo-expressionist artist. Additionally, Zainul Abedin was the national artist of Bangladesh, innovator, and most talented and passionate person. Abedin is rightly considered the pioneer, father, and founder of Bangladeshi art in the modern sense. In his youth, Zainul often captured the picturesque area near the Brahmaputra River as a source of inspiration, harmony, and peace. A series of watercolors dedicated to this place won him an award at the All-India Exhibition. Gradually, the style and manner of “writing” changed and eventually became a concept related to the harsh reality. It is worth noting that Abedin’s “hungry sketches” are the most significant. The artist’s imagination gives the paintings a magical realism that reflects the actual situations in the world and the spirit of the time the master lived. The cruelest and bloodthirsty paintings gave the artist world fame and national recognition. Moreover, I managed to link the writer and the artist together as follow ways. Firstly, despite the apparent difference in professions, Hughes and Abedin fulfilled the same goals and objectives. Their vocation is to serve the people and humanity as a moral lighthouse, the light of which scatters the way through the darkness. Secondly, the means and method of implementing the creative idea and artistic ideas of these two creators are marked in a simple and concise form that is accessible to everyone for understanding. Their concepts are addressed to the fate of the people and the motherland within the framework of the common cultural and political moments. Thirdly, they lived together in the post-war period and experienced terrible life catastrophes, albeit at slightly different time intervals. Hughes and Abedin, having, at first glance, different features and traits, together they can represent a single whole. Consequently, I can compare their brutal fate, common goals, style, manner of execution of works, as well as creative intent and ideas. I engaged in the process of research for a visual artist consistently, step by step, to delve more deeply into the essence of the topic. I studied the sources of information, looking for answers to essential questions about the life and work of the great artist. Besides, in the final research process, I summ
The dangers of steroid use and abuse remain well documented in the health science literature yet the demand for these performance enhancing supplements appears as strong as ever. Adolescents as well as competitive athletes feel intense pressure to perform and to fit a certain physical aesthetic ideal. As a result, this pressure to meet short term competitive and social needs tends to supersede the long term health risks involved in steroid use and abuse. This paper examines recent literature that details the numerous and dangerous health complications that can result from steroid use and abuse, including multi-organ damage, depression, immune system impairment, stunted growth, and suicide (Tygart, 2009). CEO of the United States Anti Doping Agency Travis Tygart (2009) devotes most of his time and energy working with youth sports associations as well as competitive athletes to devise educational curricula which can help eliminate the use and abuse of performance-enhancing steroids in amateur and professional athletics (Tygart, 2009). Tygart’s report stresses the importance of understanding the drive to take steroids in the first place, especially amongst young athletes. Sometimes this pressure originates in the competitive aspect of sports itself, and other times these youth glean pressure from the media, which tends to be overly focused on the importance of physical attractiveness (Tygart, 2009). Although some side effects from steroids diminish over time, many are in fact often irreversible (Tygart, 2009). Young people face the highest risk as steroid abuse can have an impact on their growth over the course of puberty, and can lead to long-term physical underdevelopment, not to mention a compromised immune system (Tygart, 2009). Other physical side effects that may endure over the long term include male pattern baldness, liver damage, testicular atrophy, impotence, decline in sperm production, and breast enlargement in males (Tygart, 2009). In females who abuse steroids, the lasting impact can include hair growth on the face, chest, stomach, and back, interruption or utter termination of the menstrual cycle, enlargement of the clitoris, and deepening of the voice (Tygart, 2009). Steroids also affect users psychologically. Tygart (2009) highlights the prevalence of extreme violent behavioral episodes and uncontrolled rage, often referred to colloquially as “roid rage,” as well as hyper sexuality, both of which can lead to deviant sexual behavior and criminal conduct. Tygart (2009) details the problems faced by youth and competitive athletes once they stop taking steroids, which can include severe depression. In some instances, former steroid users and abusers will take their own lives (Tygart, 2009). Tygart (2009) also points to subjective reports from former Eastern block athletes who competed during the 1970s
Introduction Russell landed in philosophy from mathematical backgrounds. Starting with mathematics was not by his choice. Every Cambridge student had to start up the first part of his or her degree with mathematics or classics. Later in his career life, he emerged as a subtle logician, historian and social critic who stood for what he believed philosophy offered without prejudices subjected to sacrificing his logical decisions. For instance, he, at some time, found himself in trouble following his criticism on the American roles in Vietnam War. However, he could not back down his criticisms since according to him, this was the truth, truth emanates from reason and the reason is from the mind. One, in turn, should subject his/her mind to prejudices. His academic works on philosophy have been tremendously influential to areas such linguistic, epistemology, computer science among others. Bertrand Russell: The Value of Philosophy Summary Consistent with the aim of philosophy, Russell believes that definite answers to some fundamental inquiries are not indispensable but rather the interrogatives asked in the process of introspection of what may turn out as truth of the knowledge being sort are. The philosophical questions expand the mind and hence knowledge (Russell Para.4). He considers it as dogmatic to say yes or no to answers given to some fundamental questions. To him this undermines the capability of mind. In his evaluation of the value of philosophy, he does not give definite values of philosophy. Rather, he proactively involves the reader in the process of searching values of philosophy through a set of queries. People inclined to the ideas of “practical men” may perhaps see philosophy as valueless. It is rather a set of “useless trifling, hair splitting distinctions and controversies on matters concerning which knowledge are possible” (Russell Para. 1). Russell criticizes this view by asserting that it emanates from misconceptions of the goods philosophy seeks to achieve. It, therefore, stands essential to first free our minds from all sorts of prejudices and misconception before exploring the values of philosophy. Such a prerequisite is necessary since unveiling the truth encompasses subjecting any previously held “knowledge” and biasness to doubt, so that through reason all that is susceptible to doubt may be eliminated and remain with only that is beyond any reasonable doubt (Russell Para.8). It is only to such people who believe that mind, similar the body, also need food that finds philosophy significant (Russell Para.3). Philosophy acts at the food for the mind, which gives it the capacity to function at its full potential tantamount to how body receives energy to carry on its obligations from the food we eat. Philosophy aims at inculcating knowledge. However, it s
Many people are reported to complain of abdominal pains that are accompanied by blood in stool and fever. The situation commonly occurs will the elderly people who are said to be above 70 years in most cases (Burch & Tort, 2018). Diverticulitis is the swelling of the left side of the colon due to the presence of bulges. This paper aims to discuss the contrast between diverticulosis and diverticulosis by answering the questions given. The questions to be answered include the findings that support the diagnosis, the risk factors associated with diverticulitis, and why antibiotic and intravenous antibiotics and fluids are mentioned in the case. When comparing and contrasting between diverticulosis and diverticulitis, it is important to consider the stage. Diverticulosis is the presence of one or more bulges in a body organ such as the colon wall, while diverticulitis is the swelling and infection of one or more bulges in a body organ (Thompson, 2016). Diverticulosis is a common issue and rarely causes symptoms and needs no treatment. On the other hand, diverticulitis can be treated by distortion of antibiotics, and surgery can be an option if the condition is severe. Both diverticulosis and diverticulitis share a feature known as diverticula, a situation where one
Dir. James McTeigue. Wri. Alan Moore. Prod. Joel Silver, Larry Wachowski, Andy Wachowski. Perf. Natalie Portman, Hugo Weaving. DVD. Warner Bros. Pictures, 2006. Annotations Set in the fictional year 2030, a totalitarian government reigns over the United Kingdom. Corruption is evident where individuals with contrasting ideas from the government are being punished. They are considered terrorists who bring harm to the nation, thus most of them are secretly murdered and those who escape go into hiding. The government’s aim is to preserve the system and avoid revolts, maintaining peace in the nation. An individual citizen who may present a threat to the government system almost always disappears through the night. Suspicions are, government authorized groups abduct individuals who may posse threats to the current system. Among the features of this government is its gender bias. Homosexuals are imprisoned and sentenced to death, as shown in the character Valerie Page. A centralized television network is being controlled by the government. Facts that may affect the faith, trust and belief of the citizens are hidden and replaced by those that are favorable to the government. Information is kept from the public so that the totalitarian government system will remain and the citizens will continue to believe that their government is proficient in protecting them and their interests. Even among government officials, information is constrained because of security issues. The chancellor has a group of advisors who are fully aware of the real events taking place. Top secret evidences especially regarding inhumane projects are stored away or even disposed so no leak of government cruelties can be traced. The media is manipulated by political groups to control events. An example is the election of the chancellor where the people were made to believe that without a totalitarian government chaos will prevail and there would be no security. Analysis The totalitarian government under the Norsefire party V for Vendetta defies most if not all laws of the Declaration of Independence. For example, there is no human equality when the government imprisoned Valerie Page for being homosexual. Although in the surface, the Norsefire government in V for Vendetta is dedicated to the people, in actuality, they protect the government from the people’s free will, which is completely opposite the ideals of the Declaration of Independence and opposite any type of government’s values for that matter. The ratification of the new totalitarian government headed by Norsefire was during a chaotic event in the fictional American history of the film. Norsefire gained power by offering refuge in their new government system amidst the chaos that erupted in the course of the film’s history. In contrast to the ratification of the Constitution in American history which was during a time when officials could take time to review the Constitution for its level advantages and disadvantages, the ratification of Norsefire’s government was a result of the people’s fear for their security. The Norsefire party who secre
Introduction A market is best described as a group of willing sellers and able buyers of a certain product or service. Competitive markets are constituted by many sellers and buyers hence they have remarkably little influence on the prices of commodities. Therefore, supply and demand curve becomes a powerful model in such markets, and it explains how customers and sellers interact. Quantity Demand and Supply Demand is the “amount of product that customers are able and willing to buy” (Bernanke 26). Quantity demand is the specified amount of product at a given cost required by buyers. The Law of demand hence states that, when other factors are held constant (ceteris paribus), the fall in demand will cause an increase in price (Wonderling, Gruen, and Black 34). Supply, on the other hand, is the amount of products that sellers are able and willing to take to the market and sell. Quantity supplied is the amount of product that suppliers bring for sale at a certain price (Wonderling, Gruen, and Black 34). Price is, hence, a major determinant of demand/supply. Other factors include “income, prices of substitutes or complements, expectations, taste, and preferences” (Wonderling, Gruen, and Black 36). In the health sector, healthcare insurance has an exceptional role in attaining a balance. When the market is unregulated, it will result in private health insurance and the impact on moral hazard will not depend on the objective of taking the insurance. With insurance in place, there are often tradeoffs of objectives (Santerre, and Neun 214). The more people are insured, the less risk and the more the demand and, therefore, cost. This scenario underscores why most economists will approve of supply side controls as minimal possible option for dealing with the problem. Voluntary health insurance results in two main issues viz. cream skimming and adverse selection. Contrary to the moral hazard, these two issues are merely social problems when health insurance is covering distinct statuses only (Santerre, and Neun 214). Conventionally, this understanding holds that, when a market fails to supply normal services at a price that everyone can buy, it is not a market failure. Deriving the Price Price is determined when supply and demand interact. The resultant market price depends on both demand and supply in the market. There can be an exchange of goods and services whenever buyers and sellers agree on a certain price them (Taylor, and Weerapana 116). When the seller and the buyer agree on a price, this phenomenon is termed as the ‘equilibrium’. This point is also the market clearing price as shown in Figure 1: Figure 1: equilibrium The customers and suppliers are both able and willing to do the exchange at price P and quantity Q. At this point, the supply and demand are balanced. At any price below the P, the demand will be higher that the supply and vice versa. At lower prices than P, the buyers will be eager to obtain products or services that the su
Forces That Impacted the Culture of Early Civilizations In the early civilizations, geography played a big role in the way that people lived. Comparing the culture of Mesopotamia and Egypt, it is evident that the geographical location of the two areas played a big role. The Egyptians had great access to the Nile River which they used for agriculture (Trigger, 2003, p 296). They therefore worshipped the river as a way of life. The Mesopotamians had no fertile land to the extent that the Egyptians had so they had to rely on technological innovations. They also engaged in a lot of trade in order to obtain goods to fulfil their basic needs. In Italy, the good soil attracted the Romans to be agriculturists while the Greek had to be resourceful traders because of the lack of resources. Other forces that affected the culture of early civilizations were outside influences or conquests. Once a country conquered a particular nation during war, the people were forced to practice the culture and even religion of the rulers. The Aryan race invaded the people who used to live along the Indus river. The Aryans came to the region and imposed their religious and social culture. They instituted the caste system that relied on social stratification in different classes. Movement across the classes was forbidden. The original habitants of the region had a Dravidian culture and language. The Aryans imposed the Sanskrit language and Vedic religion on the captives. There was also the influence of the Greek culture on the different nations that they conquered. The Greek spread their culture in the South-West Asia and North-East Africa. Greek culture and language were spread to these regions due to the conquests by Alexander the Great. The spread of the Greek culture during this period, 323 BC to 146 BC is known as the Hellenistic civilization (Walbank, 1993, p 46). The Asian and African cities had Greek colonists from the mother country to enforce the Greek culture. The religious belief of the people also had a great impact on the culture of the people in the ancient world. The Egyptians believed in the deity feature of their rulers so they built pyramids and tombs for their pharaohs. The pharaoh’s life was to be remembered even after death. Most of the country’s art also showed the importance and god-likeness of the pharaoh. They believed in many gods. Most of their gods were in the form of goddesses. The women therefore had a high status in the society. The Social dynamics in Early Civilization There were different social structures in ancient civilizations. The people who were deemed to be close to god were esteemed highly. The pharaohs and the women in Egypt were regarded highly. The priests in India were more important than the kings since they could memorize and sing the Vedus hymns to the gods. In Mesoamerica, the priests were also regarded highly as they were the advisors to the kings and the rulers. There were slaves and outcasts in the ancient civilizations who were in the lowest classes. These were mostly the people from captured nations, convicts or people with undesirable jobs. Different cultures treated them differently. In India t
Setting The speech under discussion is the speech delivered by Severn Suzuki at UN Summit 1992 (“Severn Suzuki”). The audience was not homogeneous; it was a large group of representatives of different countries of the world. Importantly, the speaker and the audience shared common ground as all participants were children once. Since this was an international conference, the sound system was appropriate. The setting made the girl’s speech even more effective, as it was really uncommon to listen to a twelve-year-old at such a conference. Her speech made adult people listen to the speaker very attentively as the girl’s speech was simple and inspiring. Type of Delivery and Persuasive Choices The speaker used manuscript delivery. This contributed to the effectiveness of the speech. Adult listeners saw that the problems discussed were really important as even children had to get ready for such an important event and deliver a speech just like any other adult representative. Notably, Severn made the right persuasive choices. First of all, the speaker took into account the type of audience. The girl’s word choices proved that the speaker appealed to adult listeners (Standard English which was appropriate), she emphasized that the listeners are those who should make a difference, in the first place. The girl used star pattern to reveal her idea. Thus, the girl used different rather independent points to draw a specific conclusion. As for persuasive means, Severn resorted to hypothetical examples, comparisons and analogy. The girl compared her life with other children’s lives; she also contemplated her hypothetical life in less privileged conditions. Seemingly, there was some sort of redundancy of the speaker’s claims concerning her age. However, numerous references to the speaker’s age made the speech more expressive and more meaningful. Adult participants of the conference had to face the fact that children were concerned with serious issues. In other words, the speaker made the audience understand that adults were stealing childhood from children. All these means made the speaker’s speech expressive and even inspiring. Proposition and Reasoning The girl’s proposition was clear and appealing. It is necessary to note that the organization of her speech was concise and effective. Severn made a strong introduction as she emphasized that they, children, raised funds to address adult people at the conference. The speaker proceeded with particular examples to support her statements. Notably, the speaker does not refer to specific secondary sources. However, her speech was full of specific examples and hypothetical examples. Finally, the speaker stressed that they were only children so adults were responsible for coming up with solutions. Strong Ending It is important to note that the speech in quest
Introduction The emotional weight of unrequited love often becomes the central conflict or, at the very least, an important plot point of numerous novels. In Far from Madding Crowd , the entire plot revolves around characters’ feelings being rejected. The stark contrast between the harsh reality and the peaceful setting of the novel makes the realization of rejection particularly striking. Key Objectives The novel starts with a strong plot line unraveling the drama between Gabriel Oak and his unrequited feelings for Bathsheba. The longing for emotional connection and the affection that Oak displays becomes evident as he roams in search for his peace of mind and starts working at Bathsheba’s farm to provide emotional support for her. Not wanting to force Bathsheba into returning his feelings, Oak shows the true power of selfishness with his actions (Hardy 21). Remarkably, Oak is not the only character who experiences the pain of unrequited love. Boldwood also has strong feelings for Bathsheba, yet they are no reciprocated either since she is in love with Sergeant Troy. Ironically, the latter shows no interest in her, thus locking the chain of unhappy coincidences in Far from Madding Crowd . Being quite vocal in her refusal to marry Boldwood, Bathsheba feels increasingly depressed and anxious, with her unreciprocated feelings toward Sergeant Troy aggravating the situation. Conclusion Thus, with three characters, whose passion for their loved ones knows no boundaries, and the emotionally frozen Sergeant Troy, Far from Madding Crowd represents a dram that is complex in its simplicity and seemingly mundane nature. As Bathsheba realizes that her love for Troy will never have a happy resolution, she agrees to marry Oak. While seemingly unhappy, the resolution of the novel hints at the possibility of trust-based relationships being more important than passion that may fade away as time passes. Work Cited Hardy, Thomas. Far from the Madding Crowd . Modern Library, 2000.