ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Nursing is a very sensitive profession and its regulation has to be strict as it concerns handling life-saving and life-threatening conditions. Health practitioners at times make terrible mistakes at their jobs and it results in permanent injuries and some even deaths. The malpractices are even worse when done against children since they are helpless most of the time and cannot argue out or demand proper handling when in the hand of practitioners. This is medical malpractice. Most people do not clearly understand medical malpractice and therefore suffer in silence since they cannot place complaints to the authorities. Medical malpractice is the negligence to health conditions by the medical practitioners and this is simply a form of tort and hence a moral wrong or unethical practice. Such negligent behavior in most of the healthcare facilities usually results in serious health conditions like total disabi9lity and even death from conditions that could otherwise be treated. Government Regulation The federal and states government laws have been put in place to try and protect the public from potential danger that may result from the doctor’s, nurses, or other practice carelessness (Guido et al, 2010, p. 45). Malpractice has been described in four basic elements and these are the basis of the formation of both federal and state laws in medical care. The following are the terms;  1. Duty: each medical practitioner assumes responsibility (duty) of the patient when he/she begins the consultation, diagnosis, or starts to treat the patient. The law states that the – duty comes to play from expressed or implied agreement  2. Breach: this is a violation of the contract, generally it is assumed that once the practitioner has taken the duty to diagnose the patient’s condition, any incorrect diagnosis is a breach of duty payable and yet to be paid to the patient.  3. Casual Connection: if the doctor or nurse fails to obtain correct diagnosis (breach of duty), the duty payable and yet to be paid to the patient and as a direct and proximate source of the breach results in harm  4. Damages: this is the consequence of the wrong diagnosis, the patient incurs damage in terms of disability, extra expenses, or even death. Ethical Issues Human life is sacred and has to be respected and preserved by all means. Furthermore, when it comes to issues of health, many rules guide the way care is and should be given. It’s usually a crime to give even misguiding information healthcare (Guido et al, 2010, p. 45). A crime is described as an offense against the state and violates the public law meant to implement it. The regulations that deal with such mistakes are classified under civil law. Civil law crimes are those that are committed against persons for instance and insulting acts against an individual. Other crimes here include violation of contract and so on (Guido et al, 2010, p. 49). A special category of civil law is tort law. Crimes against an individua
Abstract HSBC recognises the capacity of an organisation to achieve the needs of its owners and other interest groups depending on their ability to maintain a competitive advantage. Human resource comprises one of the important resources at the disposal of the organisation, which while utilised appropriately, help in terms of maintaining and increasing the organisation’s competitive advantage. The organisation faced a situation, which prompted the adoption of change to enhance its effectiveness in executing its HR functions. It implemented an organisational change plan that led to moving all HR-related employee queries into online web-based systems. Previously all employees addressed their queries directly to the HR department. The current paper analyses this change situation and its implementation in the context of literature in organisational change management. Introduction Organisations that endeavour to acquire long-term success keep on changing their ways of executing business. The most appropriate changes ensure that organisations become more profitable. Geopolitical, demographic, and technological changes in conjunction with the intense pressure on physical environments pose the need for organisational change. Such changes also need to be combined with various security concerns and governance issues that help generate pressures that drive organisational change (Burke 2014). Development of consciousness for scientific, opinionated, sociological, and financial characteristics of the exterior operational atmosphere of an organisation is crucial in the effort to drive strategic initiatives for its success. Change may involve proactive and reactive approaches. While change in most cases is adopted when a new way of serving clients or a need in the market arises, it may also be adopted when a crisis occurs. Indeed, organisations, which have the capacity to identify the need for change before factors that prompt its necessity interfere negatively with their operations, stand better competitive advantage compared to those that adopt reactive approaches to implement change (Burke 2014). Change that is implemented upon the occurrence of crisis translates to high organisational costs and a lower probability recovery from the lost competitive advantage. As revealed in the paper, this situation was avoided in case of HSBC Bank Middle East Limited. Background to the Case of HSBC Bank Middle East Limited HSBC bank Middle East Limited has its headquarters situated in Jersey. It comprises the biggest bank that operates in the Middle East region and in more than 70 others places across the globe. This stretch makes HSBC a global and regional product that is managed through several networks across the Middle East. In particular, the bank has operations in Lebanon, Algeria, Bahrain, Jordan, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and Pakistan (HSBC 2014). The size of an organisation correlates with its ability to employ a large number of people from diverse backgrounds, and hence the higher the number of employees that the HR arm has to handle.
The dominant view of deafness in our society, which has been labeled the “pathological” view, defines deafness as a condition which is medical in nature and characterized by an auditory deficiency (Amatzia). Such a perspective naturally leads to efforts trying to reduce the effects of the deficiency. This view of deafness is based on the idea that deaf people are not different from hearing people. Moreover, they are considered to be inferior to hearing people because the last can hear, while deaf people cannot. A pathological view of deafness eventually leads to efforts aiming to help a deaf individual feel as much free and comfortable as a hearing person does. This is exactly what is done when the process of teaching focuses on speech and reading of the lips. In addition, there has been a great emphasis on using the hearing aids in order to enable a person who has little hearing capacity or capability to be able to hear. This approach further seeks to identify medical solutions to people with deafness (Friend). This paper seeks to analyze the historical debate among educators of the deaf with respect to whether or not signing of any sort should be used in deaf education. It also evaluates the role that the curriculum developers play with regard to deaf education. Introduction American Sign Language is a visual language where one utilizes the gestures in order to convey a point or communicate. It is a natural language, meaning that it has developed naturally over time by its users, deaf people (Friend). ASL has all of the features of any language. It has rules which are governed by a system using symbols to represent meaning. In ASL, the symbols are specific hand movements and configurations that are modified by facial expressions to bring a specific meaning home to the others. These gestures are called signs (Gargiulo) . Contrary to the common belief, ASL is not derived from any spoken language, nor is it a visual code
Many people spend over 60% of their daily activities communicating and about 40% of that time listening. Therefore, listening and empathy are vital skills we require in order to communicate with others. We all desire to be listened to and someone feels insulted when no one pays attention to what we say. Empathy implies the ability to understand another person in a way that you are able to identify and discern his/her feelings. Therefore, a good friend must posses these attributes. Good listening and empathy demonstrate that you care and understand the other person. In fact, people will be more comfortable to share their personal feelings with you. How can you learn to be a good listener as well as be empathetic? There are several steps involved: First of all, you need to learn how to be a good and active listener. Listening is a form of art and demands that we develop an interest to know what the other person is saying. It also means that we shun the many frequent obstacles to effective listening, for example; attempting to read the mind of the speaker, comparing your experience to the speaker, preparing on the type of response to give next, believing that you are always right hence no need to listen, appeasing the talker by agreeing with everything he/she says and changing the topic in a hastily manner. As a result of these obstacles, we are only able to remember about 60% of what the speaker says. It is not easy to listen because our concentration threshold is about 16 minutes. Nonetheless, a good listener irrespective of the distractions always gets back on track and makes inquiries to understand what is being said. A good listener must avoid parochial opinions, prejudices and assuming defensive positions. In addition, a good listener pays close attention to the body language and facial expressions of the speaker. His/her looks maintain eye contact with the speaker and nods on regular basis to encourage the speaker share his/her personal experiences freely. Second, a good listener understands what empathy responding entails. He/she must respond to let the speaker know that he/she was understood. Usually, when we are offended, we want to articulate and share our feelings with an empathic person. Therefore, a good empathizer concentrates on the speakers’ feelings and not on his/her situation. For instance, when listening to a friend who has just been dumped by his/her lover, do not ask “how did he/she say it?” but rather, focus on his/her feelings “you feel dumped and lost”. By doing this, the speaker will be encouraged to investigate the gist of the problem. An empathetic listener helps the speaker to handle his/her feelings before laying focus on how to solve the problem. There are different levels of empathy responding. Making distracting comments is one of them. For example, a friend is protesting about racial discrimination at school and you say “the party I attended last night was marvelous!” Many people are guilty of un-empathetic responses. Most of us are constant questioners and instant reassures. In so
Tracing the Minotaur: The Legend Revived Enticing the people of higher culture with the products of mass consumption, one has to go with rather specific approaches, mixing the everyday mundane life with more epic issues. Targeting both the middle-class public and more privileged people, Merino wool company decided to create a fusion of the pop-culture imagery and an obvious reference to the Greek mythology. Hence, the less sophisticated part of the audience was lured with the “sex sells” context of the advertisement, while the higher class could indulge into the associations induced by the image of a beast reminding of the mythological Minotaur. Taking a closer look at the advertisement, one can see the distinct allusion to the legend of Minotaur. However, in the very picture, the bull’s head, which was the necessary feature of the Greek beast, was replaced with the head of a sheep, which targets the audience’s attention on the required goods – the wool, to be particular, thus, offering a peculiar pun for the people who are acquainted with the ancient mythology. As Gibbons (76) had predicted, the mixture of the real and the surreal became one of the major features of the advertisements that included an artistic element. It
Abstract This research focused on childhood obesity and the facts and circumstances surrounding the prevalence of childhood obesity which has grown almost in proportion with adult obesity. The research centered on its origin and causes, outcomes, prevention and treatment. This is a worldwide concern because many countries, developed or developing, are largely affected by it. Worldwide population of obese children is staggering – 40 to 50 million school-age children and the population is still growing. Factors that can lead to childhood obesity were discussed. Obesity results when one takes more energy food and does not have physical activity or exercise. Lifestyle, genetic factors, and socioeconomic factors contribute to obesity. Lifestyle is associated with environmental factors and parents’ efficacy. Parental competence and satisfaction influence children’s personality. Obesity can lead to diabetes. Diabetes is the result of not having enough β-cell mass to produce insulin leading to more glucose in the blood. Diabetes causes cardiovascular diseases, physical and mental health problems, and even premature death. Obesity and diabetes are caused by genetic and environmental factors. Early diagnosis can affect the outcomes of obesity. Prevention and treatment are some of the alterations, but health care providers should work hand in hand with the parents or the family in order to provide a lasting solution to obesity. Search terms: childhood obesity, adult obesity, type-2 diabetes, juvenile diabetes, diabetes statistics, metformin, quality of life of obese children. Introduction Childhood obesity is increasingly prevalent in many parts of the world that everyone should be concerned and cooperate to eradicate it. Parent-child relationship influences childhood behavior and outcomes (Grossklaus and Marvicsin 2014). A theory states that individuals’ self-efficacy determines how much time they exert effort to influence others to change their behavior (Bandura, 1982 as cited in Grossklaus and Marvicsin 2014). In other words, parents’ self-efficacy can influence childhood obesity. The way people evaluate their own capacity to act impacts on how they will deal on a particular situation, and experience is one great source for self-efficacy. Behavior does not just occur on individuals; it happens with experience. Parent-child relationship influences childhood behavior and outcomes (Grossklaus and Marvicsin 2014). Maternal self-efficacy influences a child’s behavior. Parents have to make sure that they can change their children’s behavior and lifestyles and assure themselves that they can do
There are many successful firms and companies in United Kingdom but Atkins stands out as it is the leading engineering as well as design consultancy firm in the region. The company is number eleven in the whole world in the same category. It has got the ability to respond to the most technical and challenging problems. The company’s profile explains that it is aimed at planning, designing as well as enabling solutions (Atkins, 2010). In the view of the fact that there is a lot of information concerning Atkins Company, this essay shall focus on human resource management practices. More specifically, the essay shall explore the strengths and the weaknesses of some human resource management practices such as training and development as well as recruitment. In addition, the paper shall also discuss some viable solutions to the same problems. As any other successful company, Atkins aims at training and developing its employees to be in a position to retain them and to reap the best out of them. Most importantly, training and development helps Atkins to achieve its goal of being the employer of choice. The company spends around 16.7 million in training and development every year, conducted in work and outside the work setup (WS Atkins plc, 2010). The company has established a Graduate Development Framework that helps in providing training as well as experience that is necessary for career development. It offers further training not only to persons willing to upgrade their skills to meet the current standards and requirement in installation and design, but also some specialist courses as well. Tailored training is very effective in the development of the employees because it does not only help in helping a person utilize abilities as well as talents but also in enabling someone to choose an appropriate career route. More specifically, tailored training offered at Atkins helps a person specialize in different areas such as project management or other technical areas. Therefore, although individuals have got a right to choose the route their career takes; Atkins provides necessary professional support to help them make the right decisions. Apart from graduate development programs, Atkins also offers safety training services. The company has established occupation health and safety as well as health and safety training programmes. It is very important to offer training and development to
Introduction The disparities and dynamism existing in the current technologic advances have initiated complex reproaches in marketing technics. One company that has experienced adverse changes and challenges is Research in Motion Limited (RIM). It is a company that trades as Blackberry in Canada. This does not imply that the company pays particulate attention to Canada alone. Instead, the company exploits the market throughout the globe to diversify and populate its products. RIM (trading as Blackberry) was found by Mike Lazardis in 1984. In 1984, the advances and dispersions of technology were inferior to the present computational progress. It is, therefore, apparent that Blackberry faced copious adjustment to fit into the complemented markets. Complementation implies that there were new and advanced products introduced to compete with Blackberry. An analysis is vital to determine the aspects characterizing such companies. Apparently, I will provide a report analyzing these aspects and evaluating whether Blackberry could overcome its current standing in the market. Consequently, the essay will evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that surround Blackberry Company alongside strategies of solving issues. Swot Analysis Strengths Reputation is a key strength that blackberry has initiated by introducing secure devices. The products produced by Blackberry were competitive and satisfying to the customers. Satisfaction is a fundamental attribute that allows customers to gain interests about products and services. Blackberry Pearl 8100 was a quality and secure phone that attracted consumers worldwide. The product retained a sense of quality in relation to the earlier products. Therefore, the company became advanced and qualified to receive customer loyalty for subsequent devices. Additionally, competition was rare to the company because there were few companies providing similar products. Consumers did not have the chances to compare Blackberry products with other devices. This allowed people to perceive a sense of reputation and quality. The brand created a substantial loyal number of customers from business contractors and corporates. The loyalty prevented some customers from using other brands. In 1 st December 2012, a rise of blackberry users had risen to seventy nine million. This rise was attributed to the customers’ loyalty that facilitated information dispersion amongst close individuals. According to Hooley (2008), customer satisfaction allows dispersion of positive attributes of a commodity. Hooley’s stipulation proves intricate in blackber
Introduction An immense body of evidence elaborated through the last 40 years shows that climate change is real and it is already influencing people’s lives. Global warming was first recognized as a worldwide environmental problem in the 1970s (DiMento & Doughman, 2014). The reason for climate change is considered to be the human-caused greenhouse gases emissions since the 1950s (WWF – Australia, 2004) If the discharge continues to grow at the present rate, the results of the climate change will affect many countries within a short timeframe (WWF – Australia, 2008). The present paper is an attempt to overview the problems global warming poses and find adequate solutions for the issues. Main body First, the present research touches upon the main reasons for climate change and overview the scientific literature concerning the challenges global warming provides. Second, the paper analyses the solutions for the problems. Third, the study attempts to evaluate the current greenhouse gas emission strategies and create the exact pattern humanity must follow to address the issue most efficiently. The importance of the study is uncanny as it offers the reader a holistic assessment of the situation concerning climate change in simple words. Conclusion There are two main issues that global warming provokes, the first is ecological and the second is economic. On the one hand, the environmental implications of climate change include an overall temperature rise that can lead to glacier thawing thus completely changing the planet’s climate. On the other hand, the economic challenges are mainly due to the fight against global warming, as there arose a need to spend more money on the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by the industries (Franks et al., 2014). The primary solution for the problem in arriving at a global strategy that would drive the governments of all countries to unite in their fight against climate change (WWF – Australia, 2008). While such elaborations may appear overly complicated, it is undoubtedly the only way to address the issue efficiently.
In their article, Eckman and Iverson (2013) present the research conducted to confirm or deny particular hypotheses regarding the acquisition of the contrast between English [s] and [ʃ] among native speaking Koreans and Japanese. The authors provide adequate literature research and explain the background, clearly identify the topic and hypotheses, describe the study itself and discuss its findings; although the article does have some drawbacks, it is still a well-written one. Summary of the Article The study by Eckman and Iverson (2013) focuses on the way how the contrast between [s] and [ʃ] (as in English words sip versus ship , for instance) is manifested in the native languages of the participants. Although in both languages, the phones [s] and [ʃ] are present, and both in Korean and Japanese /s/ is pronounced as [ʃ] before the high front vocoids, the significant difference can be observed. While this rule is allophonic in Korean ([s] and [ʃ] are distinguished as the allophones of /s/), it is neutralizing in Japanese (the contrast between these two sounds is merged). In both languages, s-palatalization can be observed but it is manifested in different ways. Considering all of this, Eckman and Iverson (2013) state that Korean and Japanese are expected to have different paths in acquiring th