ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The auto industry is one of the main tax payers in the USA influenced by economic changes and demand. The articles, “House Cuts Business SUV Tax Deduction” by Durbin and “Motor Vehicle Leasing and Vicarious Liability-An Update for Lessors describe the main trends in taxation and application of current principles and rules to the automotive industry. The administrative convenience and relative certainty of collection of taxes imposed on business is also a compelling practical consideration which has moved legislatures to rely on business taxes. This is especially clear in the case of sales and use taxes where the tax is supposedly only nominally imposed on business as a means of collecting the tax from the purchasers. Main body The article “Motor Vehicle Leasing and Vicarious Liability-An Update for Lessors” describes the case of North America where taxes are paid by the buyer. The tax burden is too heavy for many car owners. In case of car accident, all expenses are paid by the car owner. There is, however, a problem encountered in state and local taxation of business which is not encountered at the federal level. This category of goods is under local taxation. This is the vexing problem of how to tax interstate business. The problem is now under investigation by a subcommittee of the House Judiciary Committee and one can hope that a solution will be forthcoming. In any event the problem is too big to explore here. “By enacting the Graves Amendment, Congress has prohibited vicarious liability against these owners and preempted the laws in states, such as New York, that previously permitted it” (Motor Vehicle Leasing, 2006, p.1). This situation allows more people to buy cars on credit and pay monthly payment regularly. The author admits that if current laws are changed and new sales plans are introduced it would have a negative impact on demand and the economy of the region. In spite of the seriousness of this problem, however, I doubt that it will ever be possible to persuade the states and local governments to abandon taxation plans. It is not always clear whether the various tax proposals to spur economic growth are conceived of as a use of the tax system to encourage economic growth, or as a removal of the discouragement that the tax system offers to economic growth, which could best be removed by abandoning the tax on business. The case of Automobile Leasing shows that low taxes leads to lower prices and increased demand for the vehicles. The need for more realistic and liberal depreciation to encourage capital investment has been well stated so many times in recent years that there is no need to do more than summarize the principal arguments. Faster depreciation permits a faster recovery of a capital investment in depreciable property. If the floor is imposed in this business, it will have a negative impact on the industry and reduce sales. If the price ceiling is imposed, it will help more buyers to purchase new cars and pay
Introduction Blended families entail the families, which have come together as result of remarriage with often, the two spouses bringing children from their previous marriage. Step families can be able to improve their lifestyles by following the following examples. A firm foundation bond will evolve if the two parties are able to adjudicate reality. Before committing themselves to the aspect of marriage, the parents have to ensure that they engage some discussions to the children making them understand that what had taken place was not their fault. After this one should start talking to their children on the possibility of blending the family before the marriage time ensues so as to gain confidence from all the children and see the aspects that develop in the minds of the children or child (Howden 2004). Main body Ensuring effective communication entails listening and being listened to which forms a firm basis for understanding. By focusing on the marriage, the blended family will enhance effective communication since what will be in mind will be ensuring the success and development of the family. The couples should try as much as possible to have time together and also with the children alone spending time on a one on one dialogue and discuss on the pertinent issues focusing more on the positive facts as compared to the negative ones (Olson 2004). Through the embracement of effective communication, commitment can be depicted and as a result all the family members will feel that their personalities are met for example dedicating time to all at their respective needs. Coping with the past is an issue that should be taken into deep consideration sine it lays emphasis to a future prospect of change or the adherence to the initial behavior. By assuring the children that a continual relationship that previously existed will still crop in the new family will make them have a sense of security and engage in the strong buildup of the family bonds. In then whole family setup, there entails some differences within the children therefore treatment should be based on fairness but not on equity due to likes and dislikes. Each child’s individual strength should be focused upon to facilitate satisfaction based on what is seen by them as fitting to their needs without comparison to the others (Gerard 2002). A more solid and firm future is ascertained and guaranteed when the past and present occurrences are put across so as to come up with a common ground (Kelley 2003). For example the rituals based on holidays and birthdays when well formulated will be effectively sound satisfactory to each members needs as they come to an accord unlike taking such issues without seriousness. Effective rules and roles when attributed to the members give a sense of responsibility to all the members (Gerard 2002).It is obvious that the rules and policies may not apply due to the family differences so setting new ones has to incorporate the children so as no to feel disoriented.this rules should at least entail family meetings
General information Business relations include the most diversified kinds of activities, for the successful realization of which knowledge of business etiquette and the rules of effective communication are necessary. Unfortunately, in daily practices of any organization, despite the careful selection of personnel with consideration to their psychological compatibility and the aspiration to create a friendly team of like-minded employees, it is nevertheless impossible to exclude unforeseen conflict situations completely. The significance of conflict in people’s relations in general and in business relations in particular obtain new context every year. In that regard, where most people see in the conflict a clash of interests, for HR managers such vision is a professional skill and a necessary condition. Thus, the present session plan is directed toward providing training, for managers and leaders of all levels in general and human resource managers in particular, in which the participants will enhance their skills of effective communication and conflict resolution. Purpose and Scope The purpose of the training will be to teaching and enforcing the concepts of communications, specifically in resolving conflict situations. Training will help participants:   * Revealing the factors leading to conflicts and hampering successful dialogue.   * Revealing the individual reactions destroying trust between colleagues.   * Learning how to establish relations of trust between partners.   * Learning effective methods and technicians of influence.   * Learning to resolve conflicts to win-win outcomes. The main objective: learning to manage conflicts in the organization. System Overview The program entitled “Conflict management” is provided by the company “HR consulting”, in which the training process was completely adapted to the requirements of the customer, “General Technology for People”. In that regard, the program underwent several modifications to suit the customer’s demands. The main target audience of the program is the Human Resource department in the aforementioned organization. Note : Although, the main target audiences of this training program are the HR department managers, managers of any level will benefit from the program. The program enhances the communication process, which is the basis of all business relations. In that regard, the practice of leading negotiations with business partners will benefit from the training program as long as there are communication and different interests involved. Generally, the target audience implies employees, whose direct and indirect duties are concerned with stressful situations. Project References   * The documentation of conflict instances and complaints in the HR department of “General Technology for People”   * The course materials of the operational program “Effective Conflict Resolution and Managing Stressful Situations”, which is the property of “HR consulting”   * “General Technology for People” standard procedures documentation. Points of Contact Mr. Anth
Introduction Christmas has brought me to reflect on my life as a pilgrim on earth and as a member of the family of God. The revelry of the holidays, the parties and get-togethers sometimes allowed me to pause for a while and meditate there in the confines of my room, questions like: is this how Jesus really wants his Christian family on earth to celebrate his birthday? Are we doing all this to please Jesus or ourselves? And can we relate all these celebrations to our Christian lives and to the Christian ministry? If all of the questions above are answered in the affirmative, then there must be something wrong with our Christian lives and the way we look at Christianity. Main text Evading from the noises and the sounds that I considered disturbances to my prayers and meditations, I concentrated and focused myself on what I wanted of my life; particularly my Christian life and most specifically the Christian ministry. How can I start my ministry? Before I can answer this, I think I have to understand what the Christian Ministry is. Edmund Clowney (1964) states that to be in the Ministry is “service, and service involves being a servant, or that we have to be a servant of the Lord Jesus Christ, serving in his community and doing it wholeheartedly without any remorse or half-heartedness.” (Clowney 3) It also means serving our fellowmen, our brothers and sisters out there who are in need. It means sacrifice, and with love. It means looking after our neighbor, and loving your neighbor the way we love ourselves. Moreover, should we want to focus on the Christian Ministry, and any other ministry for that matter, I think we have to get back to the basic teachings of the Lord Jesus Christ, and this is about love. The Christian ministry is about love for our fellowman but most especially for God, because service or being a servant is an expression of love. When Jesus was asked which is the most important Commandment in the Law, he answered, “You shall love the Lord your God, with all your heart, with all your soul and with all your mind. This is the first and most important of the commandments. But after this there is another one very similar to it: You shall love your neighbour as yourself. The whole Law and the Prophets are founded on these two commandments.” (Mat. 22:27-40, NREV 2000) I have placed this as the most important reasons for any ministry, although there are other reasons why we should follow or observe a ministry. Another passage of the Bible related to the Christian Ministry is the one in the same chapter of Matthew, 22:14 which says that “Many are called but fe
Introduction Problem Area Overview The question of using native language (L1) in teaching the second language (L2) classrooms has currently become the most urgent one. Educators have approved the necessity to introduce the native language in teaching foreign languages. However, no accurate strategies have been proposed to define the optimal degree of using L1 in the ESL classroom (Ovando & Combs, 2012). The total exclusion of L1 is impossible because it is the main source of mediating the learning process through collaborative task completion and private speech. In addition, using L1 by teachers will also provide students with instruction of how the native language can be used for learning and researching the target language (Soler & Jorda, 2008; Al-Hinai, n. d.). This point, however, needs to be researched in more depth since there are no specific mechanisms identifying the exact tools and strategies for using native language in ESL classrooms (Morahan, n. d.; Meyer, 2008). This is of particular concern to users of the Arabic language as L1 in studying English as L2 in Saudi Arabia. Because of the lack of systematic approaches, the effect and performance of students are hard to measure. Purpose of the Study The purpose of the research study is to research the benefits of incorporating Arabic in studying the English language. In particular, the research study is aimed at finding the culturally positive aspects of integrating the native language in explain
Introduction Various scientific disciplines contribute economically to the mass media evolution and growth. The mass media in turn influences the political environment as well as democracy in the modern world. The fierce competition in today economically advancing experiences forces the media to keep up its obligation of entertaining, informing and influencing people’s emotional needs. The most fancied topics being crime, disaster or dangers relayed in a manner that make people perceive the reality of the dangers more intensely and thus influencing authoritarianism and intolerance in the democratic world. (Zillmann, 2002) At present, the media plays a vital role on informing people on matters pertaining politics thus highly influencing the voters’ decisions. It assists in identification of the societal problems as well as offer service to people especially for them to deliberate on matters pertaining their welfare. (Vivian, 2009, 55) The issue of uncovering errors of the leaders makes the media to be the main watchdog for the society. The societal decisions rely heavily on the assumptions that the information provided by the media is positive and right. Today’s due to the freedom accorded by the law, the media is in a position of availing the surveillance reports regarding the social developmental projects. They are in a position to identify the pertinent issues pertaining governance, provide a platform for debates as well as steer them. They can also hold the officials to account on their practices through interviews or other data collection procedures. (McQuail, 2003) One main role involves provision of the incentives to educate the society. The media is in a position of resisting any external forces that may subvert their sovereignty over involvement in the political procedures. It enhances democracy and “similarly, the low-power radio and television stations enables mass communication with narrow niches within the society” (Vivian, 2009, 51) Today the advancement to the chemical and electronic technologies is a revolutionary such as the reduction of human voice, text or images to a form of binary codes or light energy for transmission. Digitization has overcome the unnecessary paperwork but not replaced it. (Vivian, 2009, 39) The core media industries of books, magazines, newspapers, sound records, television and radio are still active beside the new technologies. Currently, the mass media utilizes the advanced technology of the internet for delivery of is products across the globe. According to Vilvian (2009,
In the introductory meeting, your client says that they are there to see you because their primary care provider told them they needed to change their lifestyle. Your open-ended inquiry Why have your primary care provider recommended you to alter your lifestyle, and what changes were offered? A follow-up visit with a client whose goal for last week was to increase his walking from 15 minutes to 20 minutes. How would you find out if the client accomplished his goal? Your open-ended inquiry How many additional minutes have you spent walking this week? Have you experienced any challenges associated with the increased walking time? In one of your coaching sessions, your client says, “I just don’t know what this health coaching is supposed to do for me.” Your open-ended inquiry How do you understand “health coaching” and its purpose in general? What issues made you attend these health coaching sessions? During the appointment with your client, your client says, “I don’t know if I can give up sweets.” Your open-ended inquiry What you believe to be the most important thing in your life? If you do not stop eating sweets, you are likely to have no opportunity to enjo
The school nurse could advise Megan to visit a nurse practitioner or a gynecologist, to drink a lot of water as suggested by some practitioners, and to urinate as often as possible. She could also advise her not to have sexual intercourse until her symptoms are gone, or the illness is cured. The information that the nurse practitioner should consider is the possible non-sexually transmitted infections that can cause the change in the vaginal discharge and the urge to urinate frequently. For example, bacterial vaginosis and candidal infections might be considered. Full clinical history of the patient should be obtained together with the information about medications that Megan takes (e.g., antibiotics). Potential allergic reactions are also possible and need to be discussed with the patient. The recommended treatment for C.trachomatis is azithromycin (1 g in a single dose) or doxycycline (100 mg, twice a day x 7 days) (CDC, 2015). Erythromycin (500 mg, four times per day x 7 days) or levofloxacin (500 mg, 1 x 7 days orally) are also possible regimens. Additional recommendations include prescribing a single-dose therapy with azithromycin onsite if there is a concern about the adherence to multi-day dosing (CDC, 2015). Furthermore, to exclude the transmission of the disease to sex partners, Megan needs to abstain from sexual intercourse for seven days after a single dose treatment or during the multi-day treatment (CDC, 2015). It is also advisable to wait for the resolution of symptoms. Her partner(s) should also be treated to ensure that the risk of a reinfection is minimal. As stated in the case study, Megan was tested for HIV and GC (Harkness & DeMarco, 2015). A testing for syphilis is also necessary (CDC, 2015). As patients with C.trachomatis are often coinfected with N.Gonorrhoeae, it is advisable to follow the same prescriptions related to the abstinence from sexual intercourse during treatment and to ensure that other sexual partners are treated as well. In this case, Megan needs to notify her recent sex partners about the illnesses so that they can seek treatment too (Harkness & DeMarco, 2015). N.Gonorrhoeae is treated with ceftriaxone (25
Introduction Mucocele and traumatic neuroma are two types of lesions that are usually related to some traumatic events or changes in nerve tissue (Ashkavandi, Nazhvani, & Hamzavi, 2013). There are not many clinical cases when these two diseases occur simultaneously. However, in the majority of cases, the neuroma is defined as one of the possible differential diagnoses of mucocele. In this paper, neuroma and mucocele will be discussed within an oral cavity. The most vulnerable sites where such lesions can be observed include a lip, tongue, cheek, or some small place of the mental nerve area. Mucocele is usually located on the surface of a lower lip (Asdullah, Gupta, & Sachdev, 2015). Definition The comparison of two pathologies should begin with giving clear definitions and explanations of what mucocele and neuroma are and are not. Mucocele is a benign cystic lesion that contains mucus (More, Bhavsar, Varma, & Tailor, 2014). This term originated from the Latin word “mucus,” meaning that this lesion introduces an accumulation of mucus that is usually secreted from minor salivary glands in the oral cavity (Asdullah et al., 2015). There are two frequently occurring mechanisms connected with mucoceles: first, there is mucus extravasation that is caused by traumas and ruptures of the ductal systems, and second, there is mucus retention when a cyst is formed because of the obstruction and dilatation of ductal walls (Ramkumar, Ramkumar, Malathi, & Suganya, 2016). From a clinical point of view, mucocele is a bubble-like shape lesion with saliva that can be colored in regards to the depth of an injury. It is a salivary gland disorder that is observed in an oral cavity in the form of a benign soft tumor (Asdullah et al., 2015). A Neuroma is a pathology that can be observed in an oral cavity as well. This condition can have different names: pseudo-neuroma, traumatic neuroma, palisaded encapsulated neuroma when solitary lesions are observed in the oral mucosa (Jokinen, Ragsdale, & Argenyi, 2010). A traumatic neuroma can be found in a gingival after a tooth has been extracted. In comparison to mucocele that usually happens to young patients, the neuroma is the health problem of elderly adults (Ashkavandi et al., 2013). A neuroma is defined as a benign nerve proliferation that is caused by traumas or injuries. It is a nerve tumor that can be developed due to a poorly regenerative process. Etiology It is known that mucoceles, as well as neuromas, occur as a result of a reactive process. Still, one particular origin is hard to define. Still, one of the main causes of these two pathologies remains to be trauma or the outcomes of traumatic events that lead to certain changes in the oral cavity (Ashkavandi et al., 2013). Though the nature of traumas may vary, the fact that this disease has the same origin. The process of mucocele’s development is not complicated. Trauma or any other event leads the damage or blockage of the ducts, those tiny tubes through which saliva moves from a salivary gland (Ata-Ali et al., 2010). A patient tries to bite or suck the place of i
The visual analysis of a painting is highly effective in understanding its central idea. When creating paintings, artists most often use elements of art such as line, shape, form, color, space, texture, and basic principles of design like balance, contrast, harmony. This paper aims to make a visual analysis of The Annunciation by Hans Memling, providing a unique view of how the painter applied elements of art and design principles. The painting I am going to analyze is The Annunciation by Hans Memling, 1480–89, 76.5 x 54.6 cm, oil on panel, transferred to canvas, currently held in Robert Lehman Collection. Here, Hans Memling depicted the moment when the Virgin Mary learns that she will become the mother of the Messiah. The faces of Mary and the angels are illuminated by a gentle and soft light that also shines on the flask with clear water, symbolizing Mary’s innocence. Angels support the maiden, helping her cope with emotions. The artist used two sets of contrasting colors, creating dynamics of the image. A traditional red and gold coverlet is thrown over Gabriel’s shoulders and indicates the life path of Jesus Christ. The maroon bed behind Mary also shows her future suffering, whereas the muted violet and soft lilac robes of the virgin speak of her present serenity. Maria’s face is the focal point of the painting, as well as the whole figure of the virgin. Thus, the artist applies asymmetrical balance, since the center of the composition is shifted to the right. Mary, with the angels, and Gabriel balance each other, and this balance creates a feeling of harmony and unity. The artist uses soft brush strokes to create an austere but solemn atmosphere. Distinct values ​​and textures convey sufficient dynamics to the painting. The figures of the angels, despite their restraint, look decisive because their wings resonate with the image of a flying dove directly above Mary’s head. In general, the picture conveys a joyful and solemn mood, thanks to the abundance of daylight pouring from the window, and fresh flowers in the foreground.