ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
It is a mere fact that children are often inclined to imitate the action of their parents. By means of this they taught how to avoid difficult situation and how to improve it for the better. At that stage of mind shaping the main examples to follow are their relatives. But in the course the youth become conscious of their dreams and goals and try to imitate other people who achieved the same goals and whose dreams came true. In most cases those people are represented by celebrities of different areas of life. So let us define whether children should inherit sport stars and celebrities and cinsider them as the role model. Before getting down to the problem of assigning the status of the role model to the sport stars and celebrities, we should figure out the notion of the role model itself, and its purpose. While considering that issue, it should be admitted that “a role model is someone to whom we look up for examples to behave in the performance of the role” (Garry Whannel, 2002). However, the objects of the role model can be various and it depends upon the preferences of a person and upon the choice of a certain activity. Beyond this, the role model could often be associated with such terms as “mentor” and “hero”. So, many scientists consider athletes to be sport heroes when admiring them whereas role model athletes are likely to be defined when discussing the difference between athletes who are to influence the human behavior, attitudes and moral values and who conform to the much higher cultural standards. In addition, such mentors are admired by individual not only for physical but also for intellectual and moral superiority (Traci A. Guiliano et al., 2007). It is an acknowledged fact that professional sport negatively affects the health of a sportsman. Using steroids and some specific medicines to be in an appropriate form, training 24 hours per day and 7 days per week imposes inevitable consequences on health. Unfortunately, children being blinded by the perfect form of the sport stars do not realize the actual matter of facts and still have a burning desire to emulate them. However, most sportsmen that became famous take advantage of their status and start taking drugs. Unfortunately, not many children are not fully aware of the actual danger of drugs and imperturbably believe that drugs are the attribute of wealthy life. It especially concerns the young athletes whose career is at their pick. Consequently, acquiring enormous sums of money presupposes an easy access to the drugs implying that “if professional sportsmen take drugs it will not do any harm to you” (Robert Stephen Weinberg, 2007). In the course of involving in the world of professional world the young sportsmen will be totally sure that to be successful in sport you should take drugs or steroids. So subconsciously they will consider that taking drugs is legally accepted as it is available for the professionals whom they
Abstract Americans had established beliefs, practices, and values between 1850 and 1900. However, the rise of big business, as well as Robber barons, has brought many challenges to these beliefs, practices, and values. This paper has tried to discuss the new challenges the big business, as well as Robber Barons, has caused to the American Beliefs values, and practices between 1850 and 1900. Introduction Between 1850 and 1900, Americans believed in responsibility and up to date, this is their belief. They believe that any person in their state ought to be responsible for good living, and they believe in rule of law for all individuals, without discrimination, and access to freedom. The Americans practice Democracy and they keep this in their day-to-day living. The American business relationships ware developed easily and as a result, they last for a very short time, this clearly shows that the American business deals are easy to make, but requires a lot of knowledge to keep the deals. The American company also thinks that their organization requires only qualified managers and employees who can professionally carry out their technical operations forgetting that many skills are required to run, an organization smoothly.(Gallup&Castelli,1987,p.186). In America, multinational corporations during this period make efforts to ensure they visit people within the country to enhance the development of relationships but immediately this personnel left the people never bothered to put the skills and theories they are shown on how to keep good relationships, thus the reason of their poor relationships during the period. The Americans believed by being flexible, adopting other peoples cultures, and being able to adjust to other peoples beliefs, one can have the overseas business success, little did they know that communication skills, good management skills as well as the ability to incorporate technical skills in the above two give better outcomes than the ones they believed on. For good business practices, it’s always important to create a personal relationship in place of being oriented as most Americans believe. One should be able to learn from past mistakes, one should be able to keep on trying the business despite failures one should have a business plan, and one should be able to encourage yourself in order to keep trying. Robber Baron, according to the period between 1850 and 1900, was a terminology that described people in business who could give their industries and their personal goods as a result of involvement in uncompetitive or business practices which are not fair. Big businesses are big companies and corporations either held by an individual or by many people jointly. Examples of Big business in America, during the 1885 to 1900 period include, Google and Wal-Mart among others. During this period, and specifically after the civil war, industrialization took place in America, and this brought about railroads, electrical lights, automobiles among other ne
In spite of the fact that the media in their modern format began to develop actively in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) only after 1971 when the state proclaimed its independence, it is possible to discuss different communication media used by the Emiratis in the early part of the 20th century. To focus on communication and media history in the UAE, an interview with Hassan Al-Otaiba was conducted to discuss the aspects of communication in the state during the first part of the 20th century. Hassan Al-Otaiba was born in 1940 in the Trucial States. During the period of 1975-1987, Hassan Al-Otaiba was working as a consultant in the UAE newspapers (H. Al-Otaiba, personal communication, November 18, 2014). The interview was conducted on November 18, 2014, in Abu Dhabi. The purpose of this report is to discuss the aspects in the history of communications and media in the UAE from the interviewee’s perspective, to provide personal reflections on the discussed points, and to support the discussion with the research on the topic. The most important topic discussed during the interview was the use of falcons for communication during the period when life in the Arab countries was based on the laws of the desert. Hassan Al-Otaiba claimed that falcons were discussed as the most honored UAE symbols because falconry was an important part of the Bedouins’ life (H. Al-Otaiba, personal communication, November 18, 2014). Hunting expeditions to catch falcons and with falcons were important to develop networks and communication channels in the desert lands (Romano, 2004, p. 112; Simonson & Peck, 2013, p. 94). During the early ages, falcons were trained only by Bedouins to support their life in the desert. However, falconry became the interest of rich sheiks who preferred hunting and chose training falcons as part of their trips in the desert to control their territories during the later periods. Falcons were caught during the hunting sessions and then trained to perform some important functions. One of these functions was sustaining communications between sheiks (Falconry, 2012). Falcons were rarely used as the mail birds, but falconry as a tradition was actively supported to establish new contacts in the desert lands of the Emirates. Hunting sessions were the periods when sheiks gathered to discuss the further political courses in their lands (UAE culture and heritage, 2014; Valassopoulos, 2013, p. 24). From this point, falconry was an important symbol of promoting communication between the nobles. One more important detail associated with using falcons is the fact that communication with falcons is discussed by Arabs as religiously meaningful (H. Al-Otaiba, personal commu
Self-assessment of knowledge, abilities, and skills is crucial for the understanding of personal strengths and weaknesses. According to O*Net Interest Profiler (n.d.), I am best suited for the social type of work, such as teaching, human services, and volunteer work in NGOs. This implies that I selected a career path that suits me the best. However, I still need to understand what are stronger and weaker parts to ensure a steady progression on the career ladder. According to a self-assessment questionnaire provided by the Council for Standards in Human Services Education (2019), I have two strong skills that I can use for career development. First, I can plan and design programs based on needs assessments of the targeted population. I am a strong planner, as I can see the essence of things and analyze possible outcomes of actions. I have significant experience in human service provision, and I am familiar with multiple theoretical frameworks that can help me lead human service programs in the future. Second, I have strong skills in collecting, processing, and analyzing both qualitative and quantitative information. I have strong Excel skills with basic knowledge of statistical software. Additionally, I can find and read scholarly articles and books quickly and extract the needed information efficiently to use it in my analysis. These two skills are crucial for leading change in local communities based on the latest knowledge. At the same time, I need to develop a deeper understanding of legislations that affect social work and learn to influence social policy. In order to address my first weakness, I plan to create a review of all relevant legislation that affects my sphere of interest in human services and collaborate with human service practitioners in leadership positions to learn from them. As for the second weakness, I will think about the policy that I disagree with and go all the way to change it. This will help me learn the skill on practice, rather than receiving theoretical knowledge. Reference Council for Standards in Human Services Education. (2019). National standards master’s degree in human services. Web. O*Net Interest Profiler. (n.d.). Web.
Introduction The paper presents a review, analysis and a study on hypoxia faced by pilots at higher altitudes. The problems faced by pilots of commercial flights and the ways and means of dealing with them with the use of technology used in military planes will be the point of discussion and focus. The usage of technology that minimize the conditions of hypoxia at higher altitudes and reduction of its negative effects on pilots who deal with the decision-making process while flying will be analyzed, and recommendations will be given. Literature Review Hypoxia and Flying One of the foremost things of the primary requirements of humans is air. The lack of air, most specifically oxygen leads to hypoxia. Initially, hypoxia has been reported at high altitudes on mountains by mountaineers and after the invention of aero planes, the pilots and flight attendants are experiencing the effects of hypoxia and are feeling stressed. This can be termed as ‘decompression sickness’ (Aronson K.S; 1991, 26) and has been first recognized or occurred in 1841. According to Aronson K.S (1991, 26) French mining engineer M. Triger ‘noticed symptoms experienced by miners after working in deep mine shafts’ (Aronson K.S; 1991, 26). Number of workers had been prone to joint pains and became vulnerable to paralysis. However, the same sickness can be felt in a reverse manner, which can be known as hypoxia, when pilots fly in the air in a plane. While they fly in the air, they experience decompressed air and don’t have enough oxygen in the air, they breathe that is required for normal metabolic activities of the body. Though the effects of hypoxia are not the same in different pilots, but it cannot be ignored as the effects are noticeable. In this regard, Aronson K.S (1991, 26-27) mentions about Paul Bert who is famous with the name ‘father of altitude physiology’. As per the information provided about Paul Bert’s observations, though the commercial flights flying at a height of around 20,000 feet, with the pressurized atmosphere, still there is a lack of pressure of oxygen as the pressurization is only enough if the aircraft flies at 8,000 feet. That means the commercial aircrafts are flying at a height of around 20,000 feet with the pressurized atmosphere that suits the altitude of 8,000 feet, which results in hypoxia in pilots and flight attendants. Aronson K.S (1991, 28) explains that when one goes to 18,000 feet above the sea level, the atmospheric pressure will be reduced to half of the standard pressure of one atmosphere. That means the oxygen availability also decreases by half of the amount that is available at the normal atmospheric pressure at sea level. Consequently, the pilots and flight attendants who face this situation almost daily suffer from hypoxia (Aron
Introduction to the System Brief Overview The intelligent system of Germany has three main operating agencies that perform a specific role in gathering information and protecting the country’s interests. The first one is the Federal Intelligence Service, known as Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND) in German (BND, 2018a). This agency is concerned with collecting information about international affairs of the state and possible threats that can come from outside Germany. The second agency is the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution, otherwise called Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz (BfV) (BfV, 2018a). This particular service operates to monitor domestic security and gather information to prevent any local issues from arising. Although data collection of this agency concerns such spheres as the established democratic order, internal security, and peaceful coexistence, its operations may also deal with international affairs because of foreign visitors, residents, and organizations. Finally, the last major agency operating as a part of Germany’s intelligence system is the Military Counterintelligence Service. In Germany, this agency is known as Militärischer Abschirmdienst or MAD (BND, 2018a). Its primary purpose is to counter other countries’ attempts to gather intelligence information and prevent actions that are deemed unconstitutional by the state’s laws. Obvious Threats The services mentioned above work together to create a system that covers all possible problems that may arise inside and outside the country and damage the existing constitutional order. The country’s most apparent threats currently come from both directions and can be classified as terrorism and extremism. Terrorist attacks and extremist operations facilitated by forces situated outside of the country fall under the responsibility of all three agencies (Lowenthal, 2016). For example, one of the leading defined threats mentioned by the BfV (2018a) is the extremism of foreigners and Islamist terrorism based on the violation of Islamic religion. Similarly, internal threats also can be based on these two movements. As the politics of the country remain positive in their acceptance of various ethnicities, racist ideologies arise among some citizens who form extremist groups and endanger the country’s peaceful living with xenophobia, aggression, and violence (BfV, 2018b). The agency names this particular threat as “right-wing extremism” (BfV, 2018b, para. 1). Another domestic problem also deals with hostility. However, this particular movement, “left-wing extremism,” is concerned with the existing order and deems the democratic state structure as faulty and oppressive to citizens (BfV, 2018c, para. 1). Here, this group of extremists consists of violent communist and anarchist individuals who may perform acts of disturbance, injure people, and act against the law to show their opposition to the regime. Left-wing extremism can also be rooted in the violent resistance to racist and xenophobic ideologies. Both movements represent aggressive approaches to protest that disrupt the lives of other citizens and guests of the country. Geopolitics Geographically, Germany is s
Background Globalization is defined as the process by which a nation strives to widen its cooperation and involvement in global affairs. Involvement and cooperation is normally in the realms of business, communication, socioeconomic, political and environmental developments. The aim of globalization is to give nations a greater competitive position with lower operating costs and to have access to vast resources at an economic cost. This position is made possible through diversification of resources, establishment and development of new markets, and having access to primary produce at economic prices. Globalization is a contentious issue in the world today as there have been debates on its effects on developed and developing countries. Critics of globalization have asserted that its negative effects impact developing countries more negatively as compared to developed countries. Objective The aim of this article is to assess the assertion that the negative effects of globalization impact developing countries more than developed countries. The paper will draw on figures and reports from global development agencies to fully ascertain the truth on the effects of globalization. Effects of Globalization Globalization entails an improved integration between national economies and this implies a reduction in barriers of trade and creation of more investment opportunities between various economies. The success of a country in implementing globalization strategies relies on its ability to fund these projects. Due to the developing countries’ limited budgets, most of them struggle to catch up and compete favorably with the developed countries. Limited budgets have also caused developing countries to become exporters of primary produce as they do not have the ability to construct manufacturing industries (Bigman 2002, pp. 49). Even though developing economies have a comparative lead in raw materials, such resources offer little hopes for economic progress. Besides, raw materials have volatile prices and this can cause frequent economic disruptions. One of the negative effects of globalization is that it increases the movement of labor from one nation to another. Since developed nations offer better wages, highly skilled labor from developing countries move to developed countries and hence causes a shortage of labor in developing countries (Ahmad 2001). Globalization has caused the movement of jobs from developed to developing countries to take advantage of cheap labor, while this may seem as a blessing to the developed countries, the truth is that such movement affects developing countries negatively (Bigman 2002, pp. 72). Finished products are normally returned to the mother countries yet the host country is n
Introduction Invention of airplanes is one of the few inventions that have deeply changed how people live and experience the world. Since both the World War I and World War II, the demands for airplanes have improved the techniques for building and designing airplanes. Major airplanes routes have since been established and the industry has progressed to a critical point where life without air travel is unimaginable. Air travel has changed our distance concept, making it possible for us to conduct business in places that have been originally considered remote. The airline industry can be classified into four categories, this is;   * International Airline,-this includes all air planes with a capacity to handle over 130 passengers and take them anywhere in the world, annul revenue of companies in this categories stands at over US $1 billion.   * National Airline; these seats between 100 and 150 passengers with a revenue base of between the US $100 million dollars and US $ 1 billion.   * Regional; the companies operating in this category have a revenue base of less than the US $ 100 million dollars.   * Cargo airlines, are airlines whose main function is goods transportation. Some of the important factors affecting the airline industries are;   * Fuel cost; this makes up to 15% of the airline operational cost   * Labor- over 40 % of the airline expenses goes toward payment of Pilots’ salaries, baggage handlers, flight attendants, dispatchers and customer service. Another factor that also has major effects on the airline industry includes; route structure, lease cost of aircraft, airport capacity etc. Industry Overview The airline industry remains one of the largest and growing industries and it is very central to globalization taking place in almost all industries. It facilitates economic growth, international investments, world trade and tourism. In the past decade prior to the terrorist attack that took place on September 11th 2001, air travel was growing at a steady rate of 7% annually. Travel for leisure and business has experienced strong growth. Over 1.5 billion passengers traveled by airline in 2000. Availability of large aircraft facilitated the growth of leisure travel as it became more affordable and convenient to travel by airline to popular tourist destinations all over the world. The government in developing countries seized this opportunity and developed infrastructure and exotic resorts and hotels to lure tourists from developed nation like United States and Europe to visit their countries. This in turn has led to development of these countries and significant growth of economy. The airline industry has also helped in growth of business