ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Living in the modern world, every person encounters a situation that can cause mental health illnesses, of which one of the most common is depression. One of the social groups most vulnerable to depression is the LGBTQ community and, in particular, homosexual males. An approach in the management of mental illness that can help to overcome depression is Recovery Model. The literature used for the research on the paper aims to overview depression among homosexual males and describe the role of the nurse and practices based on the Recovery Model throughout the depression. The treatment of depression among homosexual males has its distinctive features due to social stigma and requires a unique nursing approach when using the Recovery Model, especially the one focused on social identity. Depression among Homosexual Males: Overview People want to be accepted by other people for who they are, and if society constantly rejects someone, they start developing insecurities and mental health issues. Research shows that being a member of a fewer social group can be a strong predictor of subsequent depression (Richardson & Barkham, 2017). Depression can be characterized as constant feelings of sadness and hopelessness, as well as a loss of pleasure in daily activities, typically continuing for more than two weeks (Richardson & Barkham, 2017). While more than 98 million people are affected by depression globally (Rees et al., 2020), statistics show that homosexual males are three times more likely to experience depression (Lee et al., 2017). Being rejected on the basis of sexuality from family, peers, and other social groups can cause the first symptoms of depression among sexual minorities. While the initial cause of depression among homosexual males can be rejection from society, there are other factors. Relevant factors that can cause depression are prejudice events such as antigay violence and discrimination, concealment of identity, and internalized homophobia (Lee et al., 2017). For instance, some homosexual males tend to conceal their sexual orientation in fear of violence, thus increasing the risk of emotional distress (Lee et al., 2017). Research shows that homosexual males under the age of 21 experience more verbal attacks, threats of violence (Lee et al., 2017). Being victims because of something they cannot control, homosexual males have to be able to receive quality mental health care, so they do not develop further social insecurities. Once starting to show symptoms of depression, people seek mental health care; however, homosexual people encounter various barriers as they try to get help. Research shows that instead of getting proper mental help, homosexual males experience stigma as they are expected to be vastly different from heterosexual people and have an abnormal appearance and behavior (Rees et al., 2020). People also point at the lack of knowledge of
Introduction The success of organizational innovation depends on multiple factors managed within the stages of its value chain. However, unlike the traditional top-down approach of directing others, delegating tasks, and ensuring robust process control, the innovation process requires considering a certain extent of creativity and freedom. Furthermore, innovation is a self-sustainable process that evolves as new ideas are explored and validated, which usually requires taking more time to come up with a breakthrough market solution. Nevertheless, innovation as a process still should be conceptualized to ensure that its critical components are working as a single mechanism, suggesting that if one of the value chain stages is weak, the system output will be weak as well. To explain the importance of having a consistent organizational value chain for innovation, the case of Dyson Appliances Ltd. (DAL), the world-known manufacturer of vacuum cleaners, has been considered an example of one of the most successful innovators in the UK market. For the analysis, the three analytical innovation stages of idea generation, conversion, and diffusion are explored based on the examples from the DAL activities and practices. Based on the provided evidence, the report provides insights based on the lessons learned from the analysis, which could be considered as guidance for organizations to nurture innovation. Analysis of Idea Generation Idea generation is the first stage of the innovation value chain model. Conceptually, ideas could manifest in different forms and exist in multiple organizational domains, including descriptions of new product concepts, solutions to pertinent organizational problems, process improvement methods, or suggestions for alternative technology choices (Kornish and Hutchison-Krupat, 2017). Considerably, ideas are described as discrete explanations for specific issues that have varying degrees of elaboration and, therefore, primarily manifest as initial or partial suggestions for the problem resolution. It also leads to an assumption that ideas normally exist within specific boundaries associated with the process of problem recognition that constrains the idea generation process. Another aspect of this stage is that one is based on dissatisfaction with the market status quo, which measures the difference between current solutions and consumer demands (Kornish and Hutchison-Krupat, 2017). Therefore, idea generation could also be related to solution spot as an alternative to technology push, where ideas are generated through identifying a narrow aspect of the problem and further used for developing a framework for continuous improvement. In the innovation value chain, the process of idea generation analysis is deconstructed to in-house, cross-pollination, and external domains. Respectively, it is explored whether ideas are effectively generated inside the business unit, across the company overall and whether those ideas are validated using external s
Software Process & Management Software Management Risk Measurement The challenging factor for the IT experts is to acquire the updated information and utilize them for the specific purpose, which makes people life more comfortable and convenient solution. Software design for the human lifecycle is the basic requirement of this era. Many software engineers proposed the lifesaving software that deal in tumour surgery and improve the performance of the surgeon during operations. There are several ideas and management discussions are in process for finding the better solution of the critical problem in human body as well as tackle such sensitive case via practicing the virtual operations. In general practices, universities graduates pay their worthy attention towards the software development process for the human lifecycle which is basic requirement of today’s surgeons. The proposed model of Software Development Lifecycle is present by the software engineering department students in University of Melbourne. The effort of particular team by named “Aura” is suggest the plan in front of management which is clearly specify the modern technique for tackle the temporal bone diseases by surgeons. Aura’s team represents the virtual surgery project with its distinguished features and characteristics by creating a link between the software experts and surgeons. The conceptual theme of this project is to facilitate the medical experts with innovative technology which helps to deal with the serious patients of skull injury / cancer. In the proposed system of Aura’s team, there are a lot of risk factors are involves. The key feature of Virtual surgery project is base on the information system which is available in form of explicit knowledge, but this software can’t deal with the critical nature of problems with support of limited information. The tacit / expert’s knowledge having their significant impact on virtual system. The presence of expert creates the wisdom approach on the bases of their valued knowledge and experience. After implement the virtual technology during surgery, nobody can denied the impact of realism. It have own importance for human lifecycle, minimize the risk and desired results produced is the most demanding situation by the patient from surgeon rather from virtual surgery technique, which proposed by the Aura’s team. By adding new technology can be less effective for generating the expected results in the field of medical. Although, this project is expensive in sense of bearing the fee of experts from two different fields i.e. medical and software engineering. The availability of e
Introduction In Canada, over 1.3 million people identify themselves as having some Aboriginal ancestry (Wardman & Quantz, 2005). They make up 4.4% of the total population and are mostly concentrated in the North and Prairie provinces. A major concern for Aboriginal communities in Canada is Alcohol abuse which disproportionately affects these people compared to the rest of the Canadian population. Tait (2003) laments that alcohol abuse has had a devastating effect on the Aboriginals in Canada. This paper will argue that colonization has significantly contributed to the alcoholism problem among First Nations communities. To buttress this assertion, the paper will review the alcohol consumption trends of the Aboriginal before colonization. The paper will then assess the impacts of alcoholism and review a strategy that has been successfully implemented to mitigate alcoholism among the Aborigines. An analysis of why this community-based intervention model worked will also be made. Alcohol Consumption before Colonization Long before the Europeans made contact with the Native Americans, alcohol was consumed by many Aboriginal groups. The alcohol consumed by the Aboriginals was made from various plants with relatively low alcoholic content. These included; alcoholic drinks made from the purple orchid tree and honey, pandas plant which would be soaked and pounded to make alcohol, mien cider gum, fermented honey, and the coconut (Tait, 2003). However, alcohol was closely linked to socially prescribed customs and rites. French (2008) notes that fermented corn beer which was the most common alcoholic drink was an integral component of rites including religious sacrifices. This fact is corroborated by Tait (2003) who states that intoxication in pre-colonization time was rare since alcohol was used primarily for religious ceremonies. The alcohol consumption patterns of Aboriginals changed significantly in the centuries following the discovery of North America by the renowned 15 th Century explorer, Christopher Columbus. From then, many Europeans began making expeditions to explore the continent and these expeditions resulted in the establishing of contact between the North American natives and the Europeans. This contact resulted in significant changes in the local traditions as the new arrivals settled and traded with the natives. Introduction of alcohol to the Aborigines by Europeans is traced back to the late 17th century when French fur traders used gifts of alcohol to entice indigenous trappers to trade with them (Tait, 2003). With time, giving and trading of alcohol became a part of fur trading activities. Europeans started to use alcoholic drinks as a bargaining tool to soften the fur traders on their prices. “Alcohol was used as an inducement to participate, as a medium of exchange, and as a standard of competitive access” (Smillie, 2009). Introduction of alcohol had a deleterious effect on the indigenous people. The drinking patterns of the Aborigine
Henry Clay, renowned as ‘The Great Compromiser,’ was a 19 th -century American orator and statesman. He represented Kentucky in both senate and the House of Representatives. He was a highly influential figure in both the second party and third-party systems. He strongly argued for the modernization of the American economy and founded the Whig party . In 1957, he was named as one of the five greatest senators by a senate committee which was chaired by John F Kennedy. He was a trained lawyer and practiced in Kentucky, where he could establish a reputation for his courtroom oratory and legal skills. His leadership strategy was highly complicated, which advanced his political ambition as well as his public policy goals. He was known as ‘The Great Compromiser’ for his capacity to bring others to an agreement. His illustrated carrier is ample testimony for it. Clay was largely instrumental in negotiating and signing the treaty of Ghent with Great Britain in 1814. In 1815, he again negotiated a commerce treaty with Britain. He, along with john c Calhoun, helped to pass the tariff of 1816. In 1820, a dispute erupted in Missouri over the extension of slavery. Clay settled the dispute by obtaining congressional approval for a plan which was known as the ‘Missouri Compromise.’ The Missouri Comprise in 1820 earned him the title ‘The Great Compromiser. In 1853, he was largely instrumental in brokering a deal to reduce tariffs gradually. This deal preserved the supremacy of the federal government over the states. He was also largely responsible for signing the ‘Compromise of 1850’ between northern and southern states, which delayed the civil war for an additional eleven years. Though Henry Clay’s several attempts at the presidency were unsuccessful, with his support, John Quincy Adams became the president of the United States in 1825. In 1844, he lost to Jame K Polk in a very narrow margin in his bid for the presidency. He passed away in Washington D C, in 1852, at the age of 75. Annotated bibliography Holt, Michael F. The Rise and Fall of the American Whig Party: Jacksonian Politics and the Onset of the Civil War (1999) Michael F Holt, in his work, The Rise and Fall of the American Whig party: Jackson Ian Politics and the Onset of the Civil War, writes about the Whig party from its inception. He also included the causes and beginning of the civil war in his work. Kennedy, John F. “Search for the Five Greatest Senators.” The New York Times Magazine , 1957. A senate committee which was lead by John F Kennedy chose five greatest senators in American history in 1857. Henry Clay was one among them. Other members were John C Calhoun, Daniel Webster, Robert Taft, and Robe
Explanation of SDLC Steps Required for Developing the System Preliminary analysis The scope of organization is to ensure successful coordination between the managers at all levels and minimize the cases of the delays of the event preparation and completion. The problem lies in overloaded e-mails and indirect transfer of information between the managers, which decreases the reliability and efficiency of the system. Using online self-service venue booking system can allow all the managers to view the booking arrangements, as well as all information attached. The book manager, along with the venue managers and facility managers should made corrections to the events and introduce all possible updates, which can be viewed by others. In order to introduce this system, it is necessary to prescribe new instructions for all the employees. Specifically, each employee participating in the event should have an access to the database to track the updates and carry out the assigned duties. Similar approaches will be presented to introduce online sales for advertising packages. The only difference is that they will be available for the top managers and the clients who will receive a specific identification code to view the variants and choose the most appropriate one. Design The database will have different request forms where all the duties and systematic instructions will be posted for each employee to be aware of their responsibilities. The system design will include a set of information system on one website. The access to each department (booking, payment, venue preparation, ordering, and facilities arrangement) will be available to each employee in accordance to the responsibilities he/she performs. For instance, the Booking Manager will have an access to all the items, the Venue Manager can access venue preparation, ordering, and facilities arrangement. All these issues will be regularly updated so that each manager should keep track of those changes. The Facility Manager will have facilities arrangement and venue preparation at his/her disposal. As soon as the project is put into effect, the manager can view all the details of the preparation. Finally, each employee can view the request forms with regard to the project. Their names and surnames, along with other important information, will be attached to specific project data. Implementation An important part of program implementation is test data generation. This procession implies creating a set of information for testing the efficiency and adequacy of software applications. To carry out the t
Significance of using the Heritage Assessment when evaluating the needs of the whole person The Heritage Assessment Tool (HAT) is extremely useful when evaluating the needs of the whole person. The tool is used for assessing an individual’s needs, ensuring health maintenance, safeguarding, and restoring cultural beliefs. Such an assessment ensures that the needs of patients from a wide array of populations are met. Consequently, holistic and quality healthcare is guaranteed. The HAT has questions regarding the individual’s practices and beliefs. In addition, the tool has questions about the childhood events, which play a great role in shaping the beliefs and values that an individual holds in adulthood. It is imperative for nurses to use culturally sensitive health education when attending to all patients. Through the HAT, a nurse can acquire adequate information that is essential for evaluating the health needs of an individual (Spector, 2009). The HAT contains 29 questions that reveal a person’s original country, grandparent’s details, parent’s birth place, education, religious beliefs, and native language. Consequently, a nurse can identify the patient’s needs and diagnose him appropriately, which is vital for ensuring the most appropriate care. It is worth pointing out that the tool promotes communication through arousing interest and opening avenues for relevant questions. Consequently, stereotyping is shunned since the nurse becomes aware of the patient’s feelings and health care views. Health Tradition Differences between Cultures Cultural awareness refers to the level of a person’s comprehension of the practices and traditions that guide him in relation to other backgrounds, particular cultural values, and health attitudes. According to Spector (2008), it is imperative for health care experts to possess the skills and knowledge necessary for caring for patients from all cultural backgrounds. Healthcare experts should be culturally competent, which implies that they can care for diverse patients. As far as cultural practices and traditions are concerned, the Health Assessment Tool is a vital checklist for acquiring knowledge about the client’s beliefs and culture before initiating care. Considering that multicultural nations possess varying beliefs and cultures, the manner in which nurses carry out patient- centred care is highly influenced. For effective and optimal nursing care, nurses should possess wide knowledge regarding how various cultures perceive health restoration, protection, and maintenance (Venn & Quiggin, 2007). American Indians Health Maintenance The Indians accrue tribal, community, extended and nuclear members keen attention. Traditionally, women are regarded as the care givers. Furthermore, grandparents play a great role in caring and counselling the grandchildren. The Indians’ contemporary diet was highly nutritious. Moreover, it was low in sugar and fat, and grains and traditional vegetables were used. Traditionally, this cultural group cons
Introduction Globalization is the development of international expansion of companies, which not only helps people interact but also leads to a variety of problems and concerns. An essential topic now is environmental ethics, that is, the awareness of the affection of people’s actions on nature. It is critical considering the number of natural disasters in the modern world. International development also creates an issue of fair trade, that is, the prices should correspond to the quality of products and efforts spent on their creation. Another problem arises because large organisations and MNCs hire people from different communities and cultures, creating multinational teams. On the one hand, this allows employers to bring together the best employees from around the world. On the other hand, this leads to conflicts on different grounds, in particular, to various types of discrimination. Some companies can successfully solve these problems by creating a healthy work environment, but not every organisation pays sufficient attention to the discrimination issue (Plickert and Sterling, 2017). The purpose of this paper is to describe the current state of the problem of discrimination and identify ways to solve it. Literature Review There is a wealth of research on various aspects of workplace discrimination. They are devoted to its various manifestations and use different methods, and their number emphasizes the topic’s relevance. Researchers pay attention to the basic human rights for freedom, respect, and equality. These principles create a healthy and ethical atmosphere within organisations if managers and employees follow them strictly. For example, according to a Roscigno study (2019, para. 22), “more than 5 percent respond in the affirmative when it comes to racial discrimination, more than 6 percent relative to gender discrimination, and more than 8 percent relative to age discrimination.” Hence, the problem is acute and requires interventions within any company. In particular, it is crucial to emphasize the relevance of the issue of age discrimination. Indeed, the current pace of technology development forces people to master as much information as possible, and with age, it becomes more difficult. Consequently, people of the older generations lose the opportunity to move up the career ladder, even if they are professional specialists. However, age is not the only reason for discrimination in the workplace. For example, Fekedulegn et al. (2019, para. 1) found that “middle age and older wage-employed blacks and women experience the highest prevalence of workplace discrimination and mistreatment.” In other words