ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Human cloning is the process of the genetic creation of human beings. This was a practice that was considered to be a scientific breakthrough when scientists announced that they could eventually create a man. There are two commonly practiced types of human cloning and these are: therapeutic cloning, in this, cells from an adult are taken purposely to generate another human body organ for medical research. Then there is the reproductive cloning, this involves making cloned human beings. Even though scientists can generate laboratory babies, this has never been put into practice following the huge ethical concerns that were raised and continue to be raised on the whole topic of laboratory manufacture of humans. Cloning is not an entirely bad scientific practice (Larmburg 44) it is one process that should be effectively exploited to bring changes from the conventional ways of offering treatment to patients in hospitals. Certain organs cannot be easily donated, such organs as heart and lungs. Cloned humans can be used as donors for these important organs and quite a several lives would be saved. This argument was put forward by one great scientist from Chicago, Joshua Lederberg. He asserts clearly in a heavily jargoned piece that there are quite a several diseases that have thronged the modern-day man, diseases whose sources can not be easily determined, such diseases as cancer, but through cloning the origin of cancerous cells are determined and through the very process, a woman does not have to lose a breast following abreast cancer (Larmburg 231). The author uses very complex sentences that are backed by a series of scientific evidence. Through the provision of several points of references, cloning can be used to save lives, the writer passes his point to most of his readers, his writing sounds convincing and appears more factual than other opinion pieces. He holds the view that cloning is indeed a good practice that will elevate the health of very many. This is a view that is strongly opposed by one journalist from the state of Georgia; Watson James. Sarcastically James asks in the title of his book whether this is what humans want. James believes in the existence of one Supreme Being who is the only owner of human life (Watson 231) He is the only person who can give and take life and there is some knowledge that He would not like a man to have. Cloning man, he says, is competing with God and for whichever reason, he terms the whole research that gives forth to the possibility of conning untimely. In very simple and clear sentences with little direct quotes from the Bible, he explains that the experiment should not be accepted on several grounds, humanitarian being is one of them. He asks several questions: is it right to have a person stationed at someplace to be killed just because another human (a) needs a heart? He says that despite these cloned humans being the result of human endeavors, after their inception they would have a right which would not inhuman to violate (Watson 125). This author holds the view that clon
The Senate and the House of Representatives forms the U.S. Congress. Article one of the Constitution establishes the powers and unique composition of the Senate. After examining the nature of representation and democracy, it is agreeable that all the people need equal representation and provision of equal rights (Caro 23). During the elections of Senators in different state, the majority rule is usually applied. However, this seems to affect the democratic position of the country and equal representation. In addition, some States have lesser populations compared to others. For example, the state of New York has a population of 19.5 million people while the State of South Dakota has 0.82 million people. With each state producing only two senators, it is notable that the people are not equally represented going by the state population margins. As a nation, we all have the right to vote, equal representation, and ability to practice our liberties as the citizens of a free nation. What this means is that the people of the United States need equal representation under the current constitution. While most of Articles and amendments on the American Constitution are effective towards equal representation, I want to state here that the current Upper House does not fulfill these rights to the people of the land. That being the case, it would be right to amend the constitution in order to have a good Senate that represents the people of the country in an equal manner (Caro 73). I would like to base my arguments for this paper on several issues: the nature of representation, the ability to address the needs of the people, the issue of majority vote, the senatorial term, the filibuster, and the election of Senators in the country. As provided under the current constitution, the Senate fails to offer the right support to the people with some states with large populations having only two senators (Caro 54). There is need to consider the number of senators from every state based on the population. This is the best approach to have equal opportunities and representation for all the citizens. From the above issue, it is agreeable there is the need to amend the American Constitution, especially Article one towards better representation. Given the opportunity to amend the constitution, definitely I would co
Introduction Being among the most successful corporations in the digital media industry, Netflix presents a model to emulate in the world of business. To better understand the corporation’s current position in the market, it is necessary to analyze Netflix in the context of technological advancement and globalization and envision its opportunities to increase revenues. Furthermore, the paper is aimed at explaining the company’s success with reference to vision/mission statements and stakeholders’ contributions. Globalization Globalization belongs to the number of trends that impact the most popular business practices, the state of knowledge, and companies’ approaches to marketing. According to Hitt, Ireland, and Hoskisson (2013), all companies that decide to increase their competitive advantage by going global are expected to design new decision-making strategies that are culturally sensitive. This tendency is manifested in the case of Netflix – in 2016, the company’s executive management announced the decision to enter the global market by adding over a hundred new countries to the service map (Steel, 2017). Due to the new service provision strategy, the corporation increased the number of subscribers by more than seven million people in 2017 (Steel, 2017). To gain benefits from the decision, it was necessary to research new clients’ interests to make predictions about the products that they would like the most. Globalization also impacts Netflix since it constantly changes the industry’s competitive environment and leads to the growth of the company’s key business rivals. For instance, the company’s management decided to initiate the global expansion of telestreaming services due to the success of Amazon and YouTube that gained revenues from service globalization (Steel, 2017). The corporation’s need to go global and avoid losing its positions in the market helps understand the key consequences of the discussed trend such as rising performance standards and risks associated with entering new markets. Technology As a provider of media products, Netflix manages to use a variety of new approaches to streaming to increase its competitive advantage. Judging from the corporation’s history timeline, Netflix has changed approaches to customer service many times since 1997 (Netflix Media Center, n.d.). Twenty-two years ago, Netflix was a kind of a video rental shop offering online services; given that the Internet was just gaining momentum, the company managed to implement the most promising technology of the time (Netflix Media Center, n.d.). The introduction of streaming media technology predetermined the next historical turn in Netflix’s development. In 2007, the company’s clients received an opportunity to watch movies and TV shows on their personal devices, which was a significant strategic move helping Netflix to create value and implement innovation (Netflix Media Center, n.d.). To some extent, streaming was a disruptive technology that diffused rapidly and impacted demand for TV sets, but Netflix only benefited from such in
Introduction Structured observation was opted for in this assignment. This method of observation provides an opportunity to examine various components of early childhood learning. It allows one to assess both the nature of interaction the child has with the teacher and how the child uses the available learning materials. It also assists to evaluate specific activities that support the child learning and development. Structured observation is both a qualitative and quantitative method of measuring a child’s classroom behavior; a well-structured rubric was employed to record specified events and behaviors. The records provided concise data of the frequency and duration with which a particular behavior or event was witnessed in the child. The outcomes of these observations were objective and did not actually need inferences or judgments on the part of the observer with regard to the behavior or event observed. Structured observation has a number of advantages and limitations. It is important to note that, this method of observation provides detailed and highly reliable data. Since the method is systemic and uses structured rubric, the evidence gathered is often precise on a particular event or behavior. The other notable advantage is that this type of observation may aid in the stimulation of change. Being the observer, I was able to make note of the changes firsthand and make on spot verification. This method equally compared to other techniques is relatively less expensive in the short ran, however, many resources were put in place in the period preceding the observation event particularly in training. Data collected using this method is very reliable. The data gathered in this instance was measured and compared with data collected from other similar settings. Structured observations also lead to improved instruction events by the teachers and indeed improve the teaching. There are also a number of limitations to the use of this method. Firstly, the observer should be cautious to ensure they do not make the child and the teacher uncomfortable by the virtue of them being watched. There is an increased tendency of the child and/or teacher not acting naturally, when they are aware that they are being observed. This would essentially lead to inaccurate data being recorded. The other limitation of this method involves the variability of the event or behavior being monitored. In most cases, the occurrence of this event may not reflect the daily occurrence due to a variation in the condition at the time of the observation. The other notable disadvantage of using this method is the timings of performing this task, in most cases there is a likelihood of the observation task interfering with the school program and may therefore be subjected to interruption. Lastly, observation particularly in a preschool set up is time consuming and hence requires a lot of preparation. Conclus
Introduction Herbal supplements are natural plants that people use to improve certain conditions or treat various diseases. These herbal supplements most people believe that they originate from natural plants and therefore they trust them to be harmless. They are an improvement of the traditional ways and methods that people used to go about in treating illnesses. Herbal supplements are in most cases not considered to be drugs and therefore they are not regulated by the Food and Drug Agency (FDA). What this means is that their authenticity i.e. their effectiveness, quality, quantity and other factors that determine the safety of these herbs are not verified. (Candy) Main body I feel that FDA should regulate the consumption of herbal supplements so as to ensure that the consumer is protected. The FDA checks the safety of the herbal supplements once they are in the market and if the product is thought to be harmful, action can be taken against the manufactures or distributors or better yet removes the product from the market. The consumer does not have any assurance of what they are buying and taking since the herbal supplements do not go through any verification as the synthetic drugs. Regulations should be put in place since these herbs can have side effects that can be harmful to the consumer. (Shepherd & Ken.) Sometimes harmful ingredients can be found in these herbs bringing devastating effects on the consumer. The herbal supplements are powerful just like the synthetic drugs and therefore verification must be done in order to ensure that the consumer is not exposed to any danger or harm. Regulation is also important so as to ensure that the consumer is made aware of what they are consuming. In this way, misuse is minimized. The consumer of these products should be able to search for reliable information they find on labels and seals of the herbal supplements from sources that are reliable. (Candy) It is very important for the consumers to be aware of the benefits as well as the risks of these herbs to avoid being harmed in any way. Health providers and some scientific research findings might be able to help the consumer make informed decisions about these products. Manufactures of these herbal supplements are not obligated to give any guarantee of the authenticity of these products thus they may not contain the herbs they claim to have. Herbal supplements if misused can be harmful but if handled with care they are very beneficial. (Candy) I believe if these herbs are monitored well we can avoid having these herbs being harmful to the public. There is no much verification or regulation for most herbal supplements available in the market. Verification should be done by having clear and proper warnings on the prescription bottles as well as seal of approval. The consumers should be aware that some of these herbs can be harmful and therefore they should make sure to check that the herbs have been verified be
The article “The Public Domain” by Richard Sannett brings out the balance between the private and public lifestyles. The analogy presented compares between the early Roman Empire with the modern times through analysis and explanation of the similarity between people’s views regarding the public space. He writes about “love outside the public domain” where he expounds his claims of sexuality being socially measurable through its dimensions. According to his writing, the modern person is rebellious to the sexual expression and this revolutionary hinders the eminent perception regarding sexuality. Selfishness or egotism denies the modern person opportunities because of viewing the significance of an event or a person as the benefits of an engagement. Today, people consider commitment as a restriction for prospective chances to gain or experience new things. People have traded off social participation for self-gain. According to Richard Sannett, today the public space suffers from abandonment and it receives a non-existent perception for instance (p. 13), a London built house “the Brunswick Centre” has a middle public space with just a few shops however, majority part of the space is practically empty. People consider this vacant space as an area to pass through and not to occupy with other practices or businesses. The public moreover utilizes less space since most of its area suffers from bunging from the most important avenues of London. It lessens the public feelings and this is the main reason why most peo
Introduction This paper gives an overview of the hybrid designed vehicles that have gained popularity in the US, Europe and Japan due to the environmental concern of conventional vehicles as well as the need for cheaper fuel sourced designs. A brief introduction will be given about the need for hybrid vehicles then the type and workings of a hybrid design will be discussed. Then a discussion of the benefits versus drawbacks will be given providing a feasibility of this type of production and its future in the market. Finally a conclusion will be given to sum-up the paper. The fuel economy and environment issues have been widely debated worldwide. From these two concepts, cars manufacture invented hybrid vehicles to help save the earth’s environment. Another problem with fuels is the shortage and soaring price of oil. Hybrid cars are vehicles that run on, not only gasoline but a rechargeable battery. These batteries help to reduce fuel emissions because the hybrid engine takes energy from that battery when it is accelerating or braking. Also, hybrid gasoline engines can shut off when the car is fully stopped and run off the electricity gained from the battery so hybrid cars offer better fuel economy and fewer emissions. Hybrid vehicle Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a not new concept for cars. In fact, the engineers have designed many of electric cars and HEVs before but they were unable to solve the problems of weak batteries and lack of control. Moreover, the cheap price of petrol put the electric and hybrid cars into the background until recent years. Nowadays, decreasing of oil resources and rising of environment concerns have pushed them to think again about it, and thus hybrid cars are now being manufactured. The International Engineering Consortium, the Society of Automotive Engineers, and the California Air Resources Board all agree that “a hybrid vehicle is a vehicle with two or more energy storage systems, both of which must provide propulsion power.” (OEERE, 2009) A hybrid vehicle, as its name implies, is any vehicle that uses two or more sources of power to help run the car. Currently, the hybrid versions of these vehicles run on two primary sources which are electricity (from batteries) and mechanical power (combustion engine). This means that these vehicles can charge themselves and can also work on gas consuming lesser amount of energy and thus giving off very low emissions of toxic fumes. With a mileage of more than 30 miles per gallon, its consumption exceeds the performance that of a gasoline powered car. And the best thing about them is that they don’t need to be plugged in for recharging as charging is done through the kinetic energy reclamation when brakes are applied. (OEERE, 2009) Hybrid vehicle type As mentioned above, hybrid designs of these vehicles make them very viable for sustainable consumption of energy. However, this consumption is dependent on the actual design on the hybrid car which comes in ether a ‘parallel’ or a ‘series’ design. “A parallel hybrid design has two independent power plants – an electrical motor and an internal combustion engine both of which can act
In the framework of American culture different groups of people can be identified depending on their race/ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, and other peculiarities. Currently, a lot of attention is paid to LGBT people, for instance. LGBT people often become victims of homophobic violence. Being 18-30 years old, these individuals tend to identify themselves and try to fight for their rights actively. Thus, they are at high risk of being severely hurt. At this age people usually get married, which can also turn into a great problem for LGBT individuals because same-sex couples, for instance, are not allowed to make their relations official in many states. As a result, they also deal with discrimination in the framework of social protection schemes, such as limitations on access to health care. In general, all people are claimed to be equal in the USA, however, there is a high possibility to lose a job or fail to be applied to it if one is a representative of the LGBT community. Thus, there is a necessity to hide sexual orientation to remain a part of the labor market. Issues with friends and family are also extremely critical during this period. Getting to know that their relative or fellow is one of the LGBT people, others tend to show their estrangement. In educational establishments and workplaces, they can be bullied or treated with invisibility. As a result, LGBT individuals can leave school, have mental issues, or lose a home. Challenges faced by LGBT people make them likely to have attempted suicide, experience severe depression, use illegal drugs, and become HIV positive. In addition to that, experiencing the lack of family and social support, they may be willing to move to other countries, which can be associated with financial issues and the necessity to leave nearest and dearest people. LGBT individuals are often not accepted by religion, which may be critical if they were rather spiritual initially. In this way, those who resort to Muslims and some Christian Fundamentalist sects will be obliged to leave them. Finally, trying to return to “normal” life and to be accepted by the representatives of the general public, they can decide to marry the opposite sex regardless of being gay. As a rule, such relations end with divorce, which affects both partners and their children (if they have any) negatively (Subhrajit 321). Being 30-60 years old, the majority of LGBT people have their relations established. As usual, they have a stable job and know how to act to be accepted by the rest of the staff, which reduces stress greatly. However, the possibility to lose a job and become homeless with time remains because the management may change or some inte
Teaching methods can be described as learning activities that facilitate the flow of information from the teachers to the students whether verbally or through non-verbal communication. Teaching methods can widely be classified into direct and indirect instructions. However, they can be subdivided into smaller groups, and sometimes one teaching method can be integrated with another to facilitate a smooth flow of information. The determinant of the teaching method that flows with the student depends on many factors such as; the age of the students and their developmental stage, the subject matter of the lesson, aims and objectives of the lesson, availability of space, time, and the material used. Direct teaching method: This method involves a systematic way of planning, communication, and the way to deliver in a room setting to the students. This method requires an instructor to have internalized the command of the subject to a level close to mastery. Therefore the teacher understands the context matter in more than one way. Direct teaching helps in the classification of clearly outlined objectives to the students and the seriousness of the matter is emphasized by the instructor. Using this method of teaching it is very easy to gauge the students’ understanding of the subject and therefore makes it the best meth