ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Executive Summary A detailed marketing plan and launch strategy for affordable luxury apartments have been presented in this paper. The apartments will be developed by DAMAC Properties in the UAE, Qatar, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia in the next five years. The new product development concept will be to use the tunnel-form technology to construct low-cost luxury apartments. The technology will reduce construction cost and facilitate the use of modern finishing materials to decorate the houses. The apartments will be positioned as affordable, high-quality residential properties to attract the middle class and the affluent in various markets. Introduction This paper presents a detailed marketing plan and launch strategy for a product that will be developed by DAMAC Properties. DAMAC is a leading real estate company in the Middle East. The company was founded in 2002 in Dubai. It has since joined new markets in the Middle East such as Iraq, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia. DAMAC focuses on developing leisure, residential, and commercial properties. Its mission is to “be the leading luxury developer in the Middle East” (DAMAC). Product Innovation Charter Background Modern homeowners are interested in high-quality residential properties. Specifically, they need houses with spacious rooms and unique interior decorations (Preiholt and Hagg 114-119). An ideal residential property is expected to offer flexibility and convenience in terms of access to infrastructures such as roads, shopping malls, and airports while maintaining the serenity of the countryside. This means that there is an opportunity in developing affordable luxury apartments in emerging markets. Focus The company will use modern construction technologies to develop apartments. The technologies will help in reducing construction costs and facilitate the use of unique designs and decorations in the buildings. The luxury apartments will be produced for the middle class in the UAE and other countries in the Middle East. Goals and Objectives The luxury apartments must be affordable and attractive to the middle class. The objective of the company in the short term is to create brand awareness for its new line of luxury apartments. In the medium term, the objective is to increase sales by 10%. Moreover, the company expects to realize a 15% return on investment (ROI) by selling the new apartments. Guidelines The company will use off-site manufactured building materials rather than the traditional bricks and mortar to construct affordable luxury apartments. Measures will be taken to improve the durability of the apartments. The tastes and preferences of prospective customers will be taken into account during the design and construction stages. Market and Trend Analysis The real estate market in the Middle East is growing rapidly. In the UAE, the market for residential buildings grew by 16% in 2013 (Kader 14). This means that t
Introduction The year 2001, saw America rise up to the prospects of a grim economic outlook since there were signs of an impeding depression. As a result, former president Bush decided to introduce new tax measures that were going to simplify the tax system, as well as, act as an incentive for economic growth (Harvard Law School 3). The new tax system was meant reduced tax rates on individual income, child taxes, married couple’s tax and other tax groups. Certain taxes such as the estate tax were completely eliminated and deductions such as the poor only benefitted in terms of percentage cuts only (Citizens for Tax Justice 1). However, the tax cuts, which were enacted during Bush’s first term, are soon to expire and as a result, there is a lot of debate charitable deduction made available to non-itemizers; however, the biggest gainers were low income families because their percentage of tax cut was overwhelmingly huge. However, this fact did not take long before it was highly politicized because of allegations that the wealthy benefitted most when it came to the dollar amount, while thegoing on between the republicans and democrats regarding if the tax cuts should be extended into the future or not. Focus is also on the president’s plan to restructure the tax system, with certain allegations implying that, the president’s new tax plan is set to make small business owners pay up to half their earnings in federal tax (Los Angeles Times 2). Calls to end the federal tax cuts are majorly spearheaded by the democrats because they are of the opinion that the tax cuts majorly favor the rich and consequently lead to the growth of the national tax deficit. It is therefore their belief that eliminating the tax cuts should cover a major milestone towards closing the deficit gap created by impliemmntinf the tax cuts in the first place. This study seeks to explore arguments for, and against, the retention of the tax cuts. Advantages of Extending the Tax Cuts Letting the Bush tax cuts stay, is likely to save small business owners from having to pay hefty taxes to the federal government – a move which will ultimately influence the overall growth of the national economy (Los Angeles Times 1). This is true because small businesses submit individual tax returns the same way large businesses do and therefore, they would be harmed by a change in the tax system (Los Angeles Times 1). It is also estimated that the rich who are allegedly being protected by conservatives of the Bush tax system, will pay less than they would, if the tax cuts were left to expire naturally (Los Angeles Times 3). This means that though the tax cuts were largely seen to favor the rich, the rich wo
Medical History and Background Information M. is a seven years old boy diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder at the age of two. He lives in Orlando, Florida with his mother and father and two other younger siblings. Patient’s physical development is within the norm; he is 43’’in tall and weighs 60 lbs. M. was born prematurely at 36 weeks through an uncomplicated vaginal delivery. Around the age of two, his parents became increasingly concerned about his lack of response to other people (Masi et al. 186). Moreover, M. was not eager to maintain eye contact with anyone nor he shifted his gaze towards objects shown to him (Masi et al. 186). M. started primary at the age of seven and has been receiving special early childhood education. Other than ASD, M. does not suffer from any diseases or disorders safe for occasional seasonal colds and flu. Developmental Domains Cognitive Generally, cognitive skills in children with autism vary greatly on the case to case basis (Soorya et al. 211). M. was medically recognized as a high-functioning individual on the autism spectrum; he is verbal even though he has certain struggles with language use and acquisition. At school, his education success depends on the level of engagement with the subject matter. So far, M. has discovered his inclination to numbers and simple calculations and showed the ability to retain information in his field of interest. Communication M.’s parents made sure that their son was involved in normal situations and never felt excluded because he was different (Gargiulo and Kilgo 160). Studies show that familial love and support help children with ASD handle their symptoms better (Woodman et al. 122). At the moment, M. is more verbal with his parents and siblings and reacts adequately to them, especially in repeated day-to-day situations. However, when put in an unfamiliar setting, M. tends to shut down and become unresponsive. Social-emotional Children with autism might express emotions differently as compared to their neurotypical peers (Kret and Ploeger 160). M. is handling his feelings relatively well, especially in social situations. However, his parents report cases of him having meltdowns with tears more characteristic of younger kids. The most challenging event in the social-emotional developmental domain was M.’s enrollment to primary education. When confronted with new situations, patient used to have fight-or-flight response – he became aggressive or escaped the setting altogether. As of now, parents state that his emotional health has improved. Physical and Adaptive Development M.’s physical development was assessed as normal – he has appropriate height and weight for his age. However, pat
Summary International trading activities are built on the concept of cultural differences. Culture refers to tastes, manners, and social values practiced by a certain community. Therefore, due to cultural diversity, there exist pronounced differences between local and international businesses resulted by preferential variations. For instance, the Hinduism culture respects the cow and thus do not eat beef. Successful international business relations call for the need to improve cross-cultural literacy (Hill, 2011). Cultural interaction brings on board different morals, beliefs, knowledge, and customs along with other managerial skills. These cultural values differentiate one community from the other and thus the need to reduce misunderstanding and conflicts in the business world. Cultural values provide a good understanding of a society’s attitude toward democracy, justice, integrity, personal freedom, and role of women in collective duties. Different countries have a lot of varying practices ranging from politics and traditions to the language of communication. These variations are vital in business since they enlighten and improve cross-cultural relationships. Social stratification refers to the characteristic difference between persons of varying societies. This results mainly from benefits of healthiness, education, living standards along with opportunities available to different social strata. Religious and ethical systems are some of the guiding cultures in the business world. These include the Catholic, Protestant, Buddhist, Muslim, and Hinduism cultures. Among all, Christianity is believed to be the most influential and has the most imperative implications. Protestants stress on working hard to build up wealth for the glory of God. Language use is vital in the education system (Hill, 2011). Education, in international view, is featured by the element of competitive advantage where skills are more extensive in some societies than others. Nations with a competitive advantage benefit from reduced production costs, in addition to increased revenues due to an enlarged market share. What I learned From the understanding of international business, it is clear that cross-cultural literacy is beneficial to business in that it assists business persons to treasure other cultures. Cultural interactions assist the less equipped countries to seek assistance from the most developed ones. For instance, China offers a good example of a country that can help other countries improve their technological skills and expertise. In addition, cross-cultural literacy enables firms to cut production costs as well as adoption of the capitalist way of production. Culture is affected by social structure in given perspectives. In an individual’s perspective, it is based on personal performance due to beliefs that warrant success. S
Abstract Hypnotherapy for intrapartum pain management has become a non-invasive and efficient method for reducing women’s discomfort when giving birth. This paper will critique the article written by Steel, Frawley, Sibbritt, Broom, and Adams (2016) who aimed to examine the characteristics of women who use intrapartum hypnosis for managing their pain. The critique includes points for consideration with regards to the article’s presentation of information, such as introduction, literature review, methodology, results, and discussion. Also, the paper will summarize the key points of the article and assess its overall presentation. Introduction It was chosen to critique the article “The characteristics of women who use hypnotherapy for intrapartum pain management: Preliminary insights from a nationally-representative sample of Australian women” written by Steel, Frawley, Sibbritt, Broom, and Adams (2016). The critical problem stated in the article refers to maternity discomfort such as intrapartum pain, which should be managed through appropriate methods; however, this issue has not been reported clearly. The problem is fundamental because complications while giving birth may lead to adverse outcomes for women, subsequently requiring additional nursing care. The justification for the study is associated with analyzing the effectiveness of holistic intrapartum pain management methods such as hypnotherapy. While the hypotheses and objectives were stated clearly, the article did not mention specific research questions. Also, the authors did not identify a particular theoretical or conceptual framework; thus, no links were made to the research purpose. The literature review in the article was predominantly included in the introduction (there was no separate section); the majority of sources were up-to-date and directly related to the research objectives. The review was organized logically and supported the need for the study, with background information presented at the beginning to lead to the research’s conclusion that there was a need in analyzing a sizeable nationally-representative sample of women. Methods The study is a qualitative cross-sectional analysis of a sample of 2445 women drawn from a sub-study of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health. The design fits the purpose of the study because it allowed the researchers to access a large sample of women without the need to employ sophisticated sampling strategies that take a lot of time and money (Grove, Gray, & Burns, 2014). The study’s design is directly linked to the sampling method and statistical analysis since it provided data on the entire population of women who used hypnotherapy for intrapartum pain management. A sample described in the article consists of 2445 women aged between 31 and 36 years; however, only 1835 of those women completed the survey that was given to them. Because the researchers did not have to perform a search for the sample population, they did not discuss a
Carl Sagan’s Baloney Detection Kit can be used to assess arguments to determine whether they are deceptive or misleading. In my search for a bogus analysis that uses quasi-scientific jargon but with little or no objectivity, I came across a scientific definition that defines Dark Matter. The definition proceeds as ‘The gravitational constant that reflects an implied resonance featuring an internal symmetry, creating an imposed reflection into the mass structure of the nucleonic forces.’ At a glance, this statement seems to have a profound definition and sounds impressive. However, a closer look reveals that it only consists of quasi-scientific that has no concrete meaning and is complete nonsense. Baloney’s Detection Kit requires that when possible, the facts presented should be confirmed independently. There is no substantial evidence for the proof of the assertions presented in the above definition for Dark Matter. For instance, it mentions that dark matter is a gravitational constant. If this is accurate, perhaps the figure should have been given. Occam’s razor posits that if two theories explain the idea more clearly, the more straightforward option should be used. In this case, the author uses a complex definition, employing scientific terms to make it sound right. The definition also relies on several unsupported assertions. Another tool in the Kit is that every section of the argument must be right if there is a series of arguments. The Dark Matter definition does not have any flow sequence whatsoever. For instance, he mentions that Dark Matter is ‘a gravitational constant that features an internal symmetry,’ internal symmetry is a property of scientific quantities that do not involve space and time. However, a gravitational constant would have to involve place since gravitational force is directed towards the Earth’s center. Following these arguments, the definition of Dark Matter is rendered meaningless using the Baloney Detection Kit.
Organ transplantation is considered the urgent issue nowadays since greater percentage of people is desperately trying to find new ways of treatment. However, the transplanted organs underscore a number of controversies. On the one hand, introducing payment for organ donations contradicts the societal values and diminishes human dignity. On the other hand, desperate need in human organs can make people resort to unlawful actions and engage into illegal trade. The both sides of debates need closer consideration to define which one is more persuasive. Nevertheless, establishing legal prohibitions on paying for organ donation justifies moral and ethical underpinnings and underscores the existing systems of values. Offering any financial compensation for organ donation does not correspond to currently shaped values of society. Living in a globalized community means exercising morally justified actions and, therefore, any attempt to establish price for parts of human body can dehumanize and depreciate human life as itself. As a result, the World Health Organization has introduced the guiding principles that provide an ethical framework for controlling transplantation and acquisition of human organs for medical purpose (n. p). Removing any financial incentives that are heavily practiced in underground market can enhance the actual values and ethical foundations. Introducing payment conditions to organ transplantation can discourage financially disadvantage people. In contrast, solvent buyers of organs can be exploited by private health care establishment, which also undermines the established guiding principles of organ donation. Although the potential of people to purchase organs might bring in profits to health care and increase supply and demand of transplanted organs, the fact of increased supply rates is doubtful because recent surveys prove that most families refuse donating organs of their relatives for payment because it is not a persuasive price for a human life. The survey results have also discovered that most Americans are reluctant to become donors because of their distrust to the U.S health care (Clouse 592). Therefore, introducing financial incentives is unlikely to change the situation; rather, it would contribute to people’s distrust. In 1984, the U.S. government issued the act that acknowledged altruism as the only motivation for people to donate organs. However, altruism has not contributed greatly to the supply of transplants, causing significant shifts in thinking. The ethical principle is premised on the developing new directions for procuring
In his article, Does psychology make a significant difference in our lives? Philip Zimbardo intends to explore whether the field of psychology has achieved any significant milestone in the lives of humankind. In this case, the author wishes to show why and how psychology matters in the lives of humankind. For example, Zimbardo has examined the role played by psychology in political polling, in which the application of sampling techniques finds use in a bid to predict the outcomes of an election (Zimbardo, 2004, p. 343). In addition, the author explores the issue of discrimination and prejudice by assessing behavioral and emotional motivations that are often attributed to racial prejudice (Zimbardo, 2004, p. 343). The issue of humanizing of the factory work is yet another illustration of the role played by psychology at the factory setting. In this case, the author illustrates how the psychology theory has found application in according a humanizing impact in as far as industrial work is concerned, as opposed to the dehumanizing effect of the workforce at the factory whereby they are treated as robots (Zimbardo, 2004, p. 343). Moreover, Zimbardo has evaluated the role of psychology in unconscious motivation. On the issue of parenting, the author recounts how parenting advice by psychologists appears to have changed over time, in terms of both value and quality. The article by Zimbardo appeals to a diverse audience, ranging from scholars, parents, employees, employers, and students, among others. The authors has also endeavored to use sufficient evidence in an attempt to indicate illustrate just how psychology has been instrumental in transforming the lives of humankind. For example, the author illustrates how psychology has found use in affording a sound comprehension of visual perception in the improvement of traffic safety. Examples here include the application of the Skinerian behavior analysis with the intention of helping to reduce at risk-behaviors, enhancing safe behaviors, and preventing the occurrence of unintentional injuries both on the road and at the place of work. In the criminal justice system, the input of social and cognitive psychologists has been invaluable in revealing the unreliability that often characterizes testimonies by eye-witnesses (Zimbardo, 2004, p. 345). In the field of education, psychological research helps to reveal negative impacts of social desegregation through the establishment of “jigsaw classroom”, in effect helping to reveal rampant prejudice against minority children, high tension and poor performance. In the health sector, behavioral toxicology has proved quite invaluable in revealing how a majority of the toxins targets the nervous system, resulting in symptomatic consequences, such as defective mental and behavioral processes. The arguments presented by Zimbardo on how [psychological has been instrumental in changing the lives of human kind are logical because the author uses practical examples in everyday live that we can all identify with. In addition, the author has also organized the ar