ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The issue of active euthanasia has come to the attention of the public over the past decades as more people demand for the right to be assisted to die. In active euthanasia, the physician administers a lethal injection on the patient causing him/her to die due to the lethal solution and not from natural cause. Numerous cases of terminally ill people who are in extreme pain have been used to make a case for assisted suicide. This has caused a considerable amount of debate on the issue of active euthanasia (doctor assisted suicide) throughout the world. Advocates of active euthanasia claim that in some situations, it is not only right but also the moral thing for the physician to assist the patient to commit suicide. On the other hand, opponents assert that there is no moral justification of active euthanasia and it should therefore not be permitted. This paper will argue that active euthanasia is unjustifiable and proceed to offer reason why this practice is morally wrong. Why Active Euthanasia is Morally Wrong Active euthanasia will promote the development of a society that gives priority to economic returns over individual freedom. A major concern is that many medical decisions are financial as well and as such, active euthanasia might be abused out of financial considerations. One of the most basic arguments against euthanasia is that each life is valued and a price cannot be put on it. The society therefore values life takes all measures to preserve it even if this means incurring some additional cost. When economic considerations become the basis for making decisions concerning the worth of human life, negative consequences may follow. It is possible that patients will choose euthanasia not because they feel that their life has no value but rather out of pressure from their family due to motivations to save money by avoiding medical expenses. Permitting voluntary active euthanasia is a slippery slope that could eventually lead to involuntary active euthanasia. Advocates of this practice assert that it will only be resorted to when there is no other option and when the life of the patient had deteriorated to a level where death is the humane thing. They further argue that active euthanasia will only be performed at the request of a patient and without any compulsion from outside actors. Clark (1998) asserts that if active euthanasia is allowed f
Confidentiality issues and compliance with codes of behavior are essential in any workplace. Every worker has the right to non-disclosure of private information. The privacy of the medical records of employees guarantees a safe and comfortable working environment. There are acts and rules, for example, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act that help employers handle privacy issues. This essay dwells on the analysis of the situation of an employee’s unfair treatment. It also covers the actions displayed by the manager and their comparison to the leader’s actions. Medical records are kept confidential because of the nature of the contained information. It includes worker’s medical history, laboratory test results, and medication prescribed (“Medical Privacy. Workplace Fairness”, n.d.). The underlying legal principle that employers follow is an obligation not to disclose any health information without a serious reason or worker’s authorization. Therefore, the situation that happened at the Home Health Care Agency requires a reconsideration of confidentiality and human resources management policies. Sarah’s case could be handled differently to avoid isolation and stressful consequences. First of all, according to the Code of Medical Ethics, physician’s health or wellness should not be compromised to ensure the effectiveness of medical care (“Physician health and wellness”, n.d.). Hence, there should be guidelines for the medical worker on how to act when he or she feels sick. Moreover, there is a collective obligation of staff to take care of each other, help and provide advice if someone’s health is compromised. It is underlined that Sara had been coughing for six weeks, time enough to enact preventive measures. The manager has to guarantee that guidelines are coherent and available for everyone. Sara missed much work, which caused isolation and stress in the workplace. The manager’s role was to follow up on the worker’s wellbeing in case of a long absence. Besides, the Human Resources (HR) department did not provide employees with a feedback form to report on incompetent or unethical behavior by colleagues (“The top 10 ethical issues medical students should be taught”, 2020). Alternatively, Sarah’s co-workers could have been informed of her absence without disclosing her health condition. All in all, Sarah’s case should have been handled in cooperation between the manager and the HR department to avoid misunderstanding. Disclosure of personal medical information has undermined Sarah’s professional confidence. It has also worsened the relationship between employees that resulted in the deterioration of their work quality. It is clear that the manager has missed several crucial strategic points. There were no prevention measures to help Sarah react to her health problems quicker
The Importance of Staff Communication Effective staff communication in a daycare school helps in streamlining interactions amongst support staff for the wellbeing and development of children. Effective staff communication demands courteous, respectful, sensitive, and patient communication with children. This project is effective in problem-solving. Issues that affect the daycare school are handled with the utmost efficiency and unity. Emerging issues in the school, especially those affecting the learning process of children are highlighted and solved with unity. Therefore, this project is good for problem-solving of issues affecting the learning of children in the school. The morning sessions are always the most challenging parts of the day in a daycare school. Children, especially day scholars, come in the morning with family-related psychological problems. Tutors in the school, assigned for morning sessions, find it hard to solve children’s problems. It is always problematic to prepare children in the morning to be ready for the day’s program. Patience as a value is required when children are given enough time to be ready for learning. Failure to have this communication value would make children fail to grasp important concepts of learning. One area that has to be changed in this program is the interaction levels between children and the staff. This program is intended to enhance communication amongst the staff for problem-solving. A different program has to be designed for communication between children and the staff. For this to be effective, an all-encompassing communication strategy has to be designed. This program will evaluate communication with parents or guardians, communication with the community, children, and school administration. In this program, communication levels also have to be evaluated. For example, the nature of communication between teachers and children should not be the same as communication between teachers and the community or parents. Designing communication channels in a daycare school The course project is designing communication channels in a daycare school. The project aims at coming up with strategies amongst the staff that can model positive interactions with children and an effective conflict resolution mechanism. For the effective development of children in daycare, motivation has to start at the staff level (Bennett and Colette 422). Effective communication amongst the teaching staff will ensure that children’s learning is coordinated. The pedagogy of teaching the children will also be coordinated and designed from the collective ideas of the teaching staff. This course is therefore intended to have an efficient and effective result for children. There are several outcomes envisioned in this program. First, this program must have an effective communication channel. An effective communication channel must have four major components, namely, the sender, the message, the recipient, and the feedback. For effective communic
Introduction According to Kaldor and Rochecouste (2002), education supports the cognitive and mental development of individuals hence enabling them to view the world from an abstract perspective. Therefore, education imparts the knowledge and skills that people require to solve problems that they encounter in their daily lives. Despite the fact that parents want the best education for their children, it is usually challenging for them to decide which schools they should enroll their children in since they have to choose from either local public schools, charter schools, or private schools (Elkins, 2005). Some parents prefer private schools because they are credited with high levels of academic excellence while other parents prefer public schools because they provide their students with a diverse cultural experience. However, the most important factor that parents need to consider is the level of academic achievement (Elkins, 2005). Studies that have been conducted on difference in education reveal that the level of academic achievement in students who attend private schools is higher as compared to charter and public schools (Moran, 2007). This phenomenon is credited to the private-style organization models that aim at providing students with one-to-one instruction, flexible learning schedules and a technology enriched learning environment. This paper will therefore focus on the theoretical perspectives on education in public, charter and private schools as well as the impact that validity issues will play in the proposed study. Theoretical Background The heated debate on difference in education between public, charter and private schools has made scholars to conduct studies that focus on the relative effects of school organization type on academic achievement in students. The study conducted by Avis (2003) focused on the merits of public and private schools in education endeavors in the contemporary world. The results of this study revealed that the allocation of resources plays a critical role in determining the level of achievement of a given school. Public schools highly rely on the government in their running and management. These schools get their funds from local, state and federal governments. Therefore, they have the mandate of admitting any student who resides within the districts in which they operate in. The policies that public schools follow as well as their curriculum are usually determined by the state. In accordance to the organizational theory, public schools are accountable to governmental bureaucracies. This phenomenon makes these institutions to be input-oriented hence explaining the reason why they lack the incentive to become innovative and creative in responding to the needs and requirements of the target groups that they serve (Lightbrown and Spada, 2006). Charter schools operate using policies and principles that are relatively similar as those of public schools. However, these schools have been freed from some of the rules, policies and guidelines that are applicable to public school in the view of enhancing their accountabil
Abstract The objective of this paper is to re-examine the Meech Lake and Charlottetown Accords, with the aim of evaluating the errors of the accords critically. After this evaluation, an attempt to make recommendations on possible solutions to the errors of the accords will be made. Introduction The Canadian constitution has a long and complex history. Since Canada was a British colony, the Canadian constitution was part of British law under the British North American act, 1867 that served as its constitution before amendments were made. It was a knotty situation since Canada had to look to another country before making amends to its own constitution. The British government, with the Statute of Westminster 1931, was ready to hand over the responsibility to the Canadians only that the Canadian federal governments could not come to an agreement on a new modus operandi with which they would make their amendments (Swinton, 1992. pg 142). The groundwork for the constitution act of 1982 was laid down in 1981 when Prime Minister Pierre Elliot Trudeau reached an agreement with the other premiers, objected to only by the Québec premier René Lévesque with the Québec national assembly behind him. It was by the intervention of the supreme court of Canada which gave the ruling that the British parliament should pass the Canada act 1982 into law because the constitution applied to all the provinces with or without their agreement (Rocher & Smith, 2003. pg 35). In 1982, the Canada Act, which also contained the Constitution Act 1982, was given approval by the governments of the United Kingdom, along with all the provinces of Canada other than Quebec. This act incorporated a formula for an amendment that would primarily involve Canadian governments only (McRoberts 1997). Thus at the time of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown Accords, Canada was in charge of her constitution review process. It was decided that at the initial stages, there would be a select committee to carry out the review, with the participation of the public coming in much later, at the very last stage of the referendum (McRoberts, 1997. pg 51). This proved to be a great weakness to the amendment process. The thesis statement for this paper is that increased participation by the public in the process of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown Accords would have created higher chances of success. The Meech Lake Accord Up to the year 1982, Canada was a British dominion that had
Introduction Clayton, describes industry disruption as the process in which smaller businesses with less income effectively challenge established businesses using technological innovation (par. 6). It happens when new businesses come in the market and transform the variables that control the performance of established businesses, eventually forcing them to counter to uphold their stable position. Technological innovation and its quick evolution can introduce both positive and negative aspects in a market. It is one of the factors leading to industry disruption and every day there are discussions and thoughts in regards to the same. This essay seeks to show how new entrants can use technological innovation to disrupt an industry to their advantage by examining a successful company that is currently doing so on an international scale. Uber’s background Uber is a company that provides transportation services through the internet (Clayton et al par. 7). It basically uses a mobile app to connect clients who need quick and reliable transportation services with drivers who are ready to provide it. The application assists in quick and reliable bookings using the Global Positioning System Technology and also offers convenient payment systems. It means that as long as a customer has access to the application they can quickly get transportation without having to go through the usual method of calling or hailing down a taxi (Gredig par. 4). It uses a peer to peer business model which runs on a technological platform. The company was founded in 2009 and has enjoyed a considerably substantial growth over the years due to the ease of use, reliability and popularity of its service. Clayton states that Uber started as a small company serving in one location but it currently operates in over sixty countries and three hundred cities worldwide, it is still expanding (par. 7). Gil states that one of Uber’s main advantages at startup was their small size. It meant that the company did not require expensive hardware equipment that is both difficult and time-consuming to set up and maintain. Instead, they had a simple system that afforded them a rich array of functionalities. It means that they adopted and implemented technology at a faster and cheaper rate as compared to larger companies. (par. 6) Though it was a small startup company, they managed to cause disruption within the age-old taxi industry in many countries. One of the main aspect affecting established businesses is how new businesses in that industry choose to compete in the market. Clayton further states that if a new entrant can identify a segment of the market that is underutilized or not utilized at all by the existing competitors, they can target the segment and u
The main aim of the analysis was to check “the academic performance of undergraduate students in two special education college courses” (Bahadourian et al., 2006, p. 246). The independent variables of the investigation were written learn units, and the dependent variables of the research were student grade achievements. However, the strengths and limitations of the research should be considered. Thus, there was not enough hard data on the effectiveness of behavioral analysis. On the other hand, there are many students whose literacy skills are to be improved. Unfortunately, teacher salaries do not impact on educational outcomes improvement. Another important point is that the task a student is to perform should correspond to the optimum rate. Academic learning time is another factor, which is to be considered as one of the obstacles of investigation. The strengths of the research can’t be neglected. Thus, one of the most important points, which is to be discussed, is the so-called active student responding. The variable influences the academic responding of a student. In other words, there ar e greater opportunities , which cause the success of academic responding by the students. The investigation proved that “ low-tech strategies , namely response cards, choral responding, and guided notes” influence the frequency of ASR. It was also proved that “when the supervisor delivered flawless verbal and written antecedents, response opportunities, and consequences to the teachers, correct teacher and student responding increased” (Bahadourian et al., 2006, p. 249). Generally, student behavior opportunities depend upon the teachers who perform the task. Thus, the students, whose teachers are active, have more chances to succeed. Significant deficiencies in academic responses depend also upon the psychological conditions a student experiences. The success of the research depended upon an effective independent variable. Another research I want to discuss is related to procrastination. This phenomenon is considered to be one of the most widespread reasons for a student’s failure. Some students keep in mind deadlines to overcome procrastination. In other words, to control procrastination people are to set deadlines. Ariely & Wertenbroch (2001) are of the opinion that “Using performance measures, we can test not only whether people use self-imposed deadlines as precommitment mechanisms, but also whether or not these mechanisms improve performance” (p. 5). The students took part in the experiment. There were the students in the no-choic
Introduction Opera is performed using theatrical scenes where the art involves a combination of singing and dramatization. This kind of text is referred to as the libretto . It was a very popular form of art in early Europe. Opera remains popular today in some quarters of the society. The art brings together singing, speaking as well as acting. All these activities are performed in an opera house which is specifically designed for such purposes (Kennedy 62). Linguistic on the other hand is the exploration of human language and its origin, revolution as well as application of the language. The application encompasses the use of morphology, syntax as well as the phonology in the composition of words. The meaning of language has been explored by analyzing the meaning of other forms of art in the real world. This is with the view of understanding the origin of opera from different backgrounds. This means that opera can be analyzed from a linguistic perspective. The opera is characterized by features such as the stage, orchestra pit and an audience area among others. Some operas are designed to accommodate various aspects of linguistic analysis. This is especially so considering the fact that operas were very popular in England and other countries during the early centuries. A comprehensive analysis of linguistics in opera can be achieved by looking at the origins of this form of art. This is given the fact that linguistics in opera is influenced a great deal by the origins of this art. It is noted that the art originated in Italy towards the end of the 16 th century. It later spread to other parts of the world especially in Europe. To date, the operatic terminologies
Introduction Music is an important part of any oral tradition and plays a significant role in telling the tales of heroes and villains, historical events, revolutions, repressions, love and heroic deeds in human history. Mexico is not an exception. The Corrido is a good example of a form of music that has played a significant role in popularizing individuals, events, love, romance, worker’s plight and melancholy (McDowell 253). Among the most important and popular corrido bands is the Los Tigres Del Norte, A Mexican Ballard band formed in the late 1960s. The relationship between the 20 th century corrido folk music and the Los Tigres Del Norte is significant, given the group’s ability to popularize contemporary issues affecting Mexicans such as drug trafficking, immigration, love and romance. The History of the Corrido Before the arrival of the electronic mass media in the 20 th century, the corrido was the main channel for passing information and education. Although the origin of the corrido is not known, the earliest versions of the oral tradition were mainly in Spanish and talked about Spanish tales related to love, romance, adventure, war and repressions (McDowell 249). For instance, ‘La Martina’ and ‘La Delgadina’ are some of the basic versions that formed the corridos of the 18 th and 19 th centuries. However, the genre gained popularity during the Mexican War of Independence (1810-1821), where it flourished and acquired several new aspects such as epic tones and narrative structures (McDowell 258). During this period, the corrido’s main themes were heroic events during the war, heroes and guerilla or propaganda that eulogized war leaders, troops and guerrilla movements or mock those opposed to the war. Again, the corrido gained popularity during the Mexican Revolution of 1910-1921 for the same purposes, but in support of the revolutionists (McDowell 259). Nevertheless