ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Today, the majority of sessions of international political institutions like the United Nations are associated with the instability of the Middle East, and much of Western society blames extremist organizations for waging wars on these territories, forcing thousands of people to flee to other countries. Islam as a form of state politics is often criticized by supporters of democracy in such countries as the United States. However, it seems that in reality, American expansion might be the primary cause for the rise of terrorist organizations in the Middle East that are now threatening the whole world. The Idea of Political Islam Westerners place importance on setting the church and state apart. According to most constitutional laws in Europe and the United States, all citizens are guaranteed the freedom of religious belief, and no way of life should be persecuted. It is difficult for Americans and many other Westerners to understand how a nation would choose religion as the power for formulating state politics. The United States was one of the first countries to officially divide the church and the state, and Europe followed this initiative, even though its history of Christian priests determining the way of life for people has certainly had its moments of violence and discrimination. However, Islam stands apart from most other religions regarding the matter of state interference. As scholars note, the Muslim faith was shaped as a political instrument from the beginning (March 105). Prophet Muhammad was not only a philosopher but also a politician and an army leader who encouraged all Muslims to wage war against those who are unfaithful. Islam determines many social norms that are regulated by the state in the modern world. Thus, it is not surprising that this religion was originally formed as a set of guidelines that should be followed without alteration. Defending Nation’s Interests Returning to the concept of war against the unfait
Introduction Paraphrasing refers to the act of using the content or materials of another writer in your own words (UNSW para. 1). By and large, a paraphrase often tends to be a shorter version of the original text, with additional insights and points of views from the writers, ultimately culminating in a logical piece of writing that has a flow. Other writers have the tendency to forget the use of quotation marks when they have used the words or ideas or another author in their own work. As a result, they end up committing plagiarism (University of Virginia Honor Committee Supplement 2). It is important to note that even though a good paraphrase should be ideally your own work, nonetheless, you still need to cite the original work or materials from where you obtained the ideas. A majority of the students fails to realize that they need to give credit to the original author even when they have paraphrased their work. Otherwise, such a piece of work is regarded as plagiarism. When is it appropriate to paraphrase? There are instances when paraphrasing may be justified. For example, assume that a student has to complete a term paper on the incidents of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder among war veterans. In this case, it is important to note that this is a scientific term paper and as such, there are certain key words or scientific terms that cannot be substituted in their meaning. For this reason, paraphrasing could be justified. In addition, paraphrasing may be necessary when the writer has been requested by an instructor to summarize a given article (for example, in the case of an annotated bibliography) within a limited number of words. In this case, the student has little choice of adding their own incites and observation into such a piece of work. In addition, in case a writer feels that they are in a position to represent the contents of a given source in a more coherent manner in their own words, other than those of the author such as in the use of quotation marks, it becomes necessary therefore to paraphrase such a piece of work (University of Virginia Honor Committee Supplement 2). A proper paraphrase is one in which the writer has successfully managed to bring forth the idea(s) of another author is a more coherent and clear manner, better that the original writer (UNSW para 1). Even so, it is always important for the writer to give credit to the original authors of the ideas. For example, let us assume that a student has paraphrased the work of another writer using their own words but has failed to cite the original source. If the instructor manages to match some of the writer’s content with the work of the original author whom the writer failed to give credit by proper citing, the instructor would in such a case deem the student to have committed an act of plagiarism, as opposed to paraphrasing. Conclusion We need to realize that there is nothing wrong with using the ideas of other writers in our own work. However, when we fail to realize the need to give credit to the paraphrased work from another author, then we are indeed committing an act of plagiar
A core competency is defined as the capital and capacity that defines the competitive advantage a company has over its competitors over time. Core competency is used to portray the personality and is drawn from the capabilities of the company. Our company is Harley Davidson. Other examples of core competencies in other firms would be how Sony prides itself in producing and assembling small and miniature-sized electronic appliances. In our case core competencies of Harley Davidson can be distinguished by the standards that dictate what a core competency is and what is not. A core competency must be valuable, uncommon, inimitable, and organized. A value chain analysis assists a company in making an evaluation of overheads and activities that are centered towards delivering value to its clients (Mitchell, 2009). Harley Davidson’s value chain activities that may be considered as core competencies include:   * Value chain activities that may be considered core competencies for H-D include: Inventory management and order processing , whereby the company strictly organizes the inventory in its plants using the just in time policy. In this policy, a request for an inventory part is passed through a signal in the form of a ticket and a reply through the provision of the requested part is made. This removes the overproduction of certain parts and ensures that the quality of the motorbike is sustained. It also improves the company’s return on investment as it also saves on costs such as warehousing.   * Marketing and sales: Harley Davidson is known worldwide due to the successful marketing campaigns that they have done in the past. Adverts of the motorcycles have been done by creating a retro appeal whereby the machines being assembled to have the look and feel of motorcycles assembled during wartime. This has created and exploited brand loyalty among its customers. Through its marketing efforts, the Harley Davidson brand is being compared to others such as Google and Microsoft (Mitchell, 2009).   * Services: Harley Davidson is known to offer technical support through its large network of dealers all over the world. This creates a direct connection for the company to its customers and it also gives them a form of communication whereby the customers can voice their concerns which can be easily be picked up by the company. The company also does repairs and maintenance for Harley Davidson customers and this ensures that value is created for its customers.   * Research and Development: H-D is known for pushing the envelope when it comes to the innovation of its motorbikes. The staff at the company has always come up with several inventions of different engines such as the famous V twin engine and the V-Rod which was invented with the help of engineers from
Summary of issues and support Parkway is committed to offering high-quality healthcare to its patients. However, the study that was launched by the firm shows that most change efforts are associated with resistance. The most common forms of resistance one would expect to see at Parkway are the following: habit, security, selective information processing, structural inertia, and group inertia. Habit A habit is an unconscious behavior that occurs on a daily basis. Personnel within the facility were used to providing care to a relatively small number of patients. However, the facility has expanded in the recent past, and it is now characterized by a high number of patients who require high-quality care. The resistance that is witnessed in the facility is a result of habits that personnel has adopted. Older personnel are protesting against the application of healthcare information systems to manage patients’ information because they were used to recording such information manually. Security Security is an essential aspect because it could be used to improve performance outcomes within firms. However, it is apparent that security is a form of resistance at Parkway. Some workers within the organization have a high need for security. For example, the worker who was hired after high school needs to have security within the healthcare firm. Therefore, it would be quite difficult for such a worker to accept changes that might threaten feelings of safety. Selective information processing Information processing is critical to the provision of high-quality healthcare. Personnel within Parkway do not like processing patients’ data selectively because they would be guilty. Thus, workers in new shifts record their own clinical observations. They ignore the information that could greatly improve patient outcomes. Structural inertia Parkway has built-in mechanisms that are intended to maintain stability (structural inertia). However, structural inertia is acting as a form of resistance to change. For example, there is a resistance that is hindering the facility from achieving smooth transitions between shifts. The organization did not have efficient systems to ensure that workers in new shifts would be briefed about previous happenings. Thus, it could be difficult to convince workers to start briefing their colleagues. They could feel that they are being delayed. Also, Parkway was characterized by a small number of staff, but the current high patient population requires an increased number of staff. However, the employee stability mechanism is now acting as a resistance to staffing changes. Group inertia Norms of workers within an organization greatly determine the way operations are carried out. Older workers within Parkway want to maintain their norms with regard to recording patients’ data. Thus, they are using group inertia to resist some important changes that would result in improved patient outcomes. Also, there is a concern that workers’ views are being ignored by the management. The views are with regard to designing approaches that would affect healthcare outcomes. Therefore, it is clear that the norms of the workers
An Analysis of the Impact of British Colonization: A Study of Mike Davis’ Late Victorian Holocausts: El Niño Famines and the Making of the Third World Introduction The late Nineteenth Century saw an increased political, economic, and social influence of the British Empire across many regions of the world, and especially in Asia. The British Empire spread across the Chinese and Indian sub-continents, where social philosophies, economic policies, and political practices of the British Empire were adopted, albeit to the detriment of the Asian nations and people. Since these Asian nations were veritable colonies of the British Empire, the interests of the Empire and its socio-political and economic advancement took priority over such similar interests of these Asian territories. The human toll of such exploitative and colonialist endeavors of the British Empire was prodigious, and the poor masses of these territories bore the heaviest brunt. British imperialistic aims led to avoidable deaths and untold agonies of many people due to famines and civil wars worsened by unsound agricultural practices instituted by the British, chauvinistic government policies, and a general lack of concern for the welfare of citizens in its dominion territories. The Extent of the Human Toll British Imperialism led to poverty of the countries that it colonized, for instance, Egypt, China, India, and Brazil. Unsound management of famines in India and China led to the deaths of many citizens. According to Davis, in the period between the 1870s and the late 1890s, about 30-60 million people died of famine in India, China, and Brazil (24). This unusually high number of human deaths and the accompanying toll it took on families, communities, and the governments of these territories would not have occurred had the British bureaucrats, in these regions, adopted more customized mitigating policies suitable for these countries. In the preface to the book, the author uses the observations of Ulysses S. Grant, then a retired US president taking a tour of the British territories in Egypt, India, and China (Davis 4). The ex-president of the US is disturbed by the images of poverty he encounters in his journeys, in these countries. Grant correctly observes that a lack of proper food distribution mechanisms was the principal cause of the famine experienced in India and China at the time. Regional impact across the world Given the Britain’s singular focus on the economic domination of administered territories, many of the countries under its domain declined socio-politically and economically while Britain advanced in these same areas. Davis states that, although the trade balance of Britain with its leading trading partners, the US and Germany, had been unfavorable for the British in the years preceding its imperialistic activities in Asia in the late Nineteenth Century, the trade balance improved, in favor of Britain, to do its exploitation of Asian resources (119). The economic importance of Asia, as a source of resources and cheap labor, ext
Unfortunately, middle-aged women may run a risk of pathologic menopause. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account what specific features may aggravate the problem. The author of the post under consideration suggests that their patient with obesity and predisposition to breast cancer should take Metoprolol instead of Norvasc to illuminate the symptoms of premature menopause. Also, it would be of help to keep a diet and give up smoking. Such recommendations are bound to be efficient because they fully correspond to the patient’s needs. Admittedly, in case of menopause, a patient’s hormone levels and BMI are measured to find out whether there is a possibility of severe impairment. According to recent studies, “sex hormone levels after menopause are associated with women’s increased CVD risk later in life” (as cited in J Am Coll Cardiol, 2018, p. 2555–66). It sounds sensible that the patient under analysis should discontinue Norvasc intake because of its side effects, causing the risk of heart diseases in the long run because of reduced of motor activity. Being a beta-blocker, Metoprolol is sure to be an accurate decision for this particular case. However, the patient’s obesity status is better to be reconsidered before prescribing an exact diet. Banack and their team of researchers conducted a research, the results of which “demonstrate that a BMI cut-point of 30 kg/m 2 does not appear to be an appropriate indicator of true obesity status in post-menopausal women” (Banack et al., 2018). It means that fast weight loss can be useless and even harmful. The same concerns HRT application as the patient has a cancer predisposition. Doctors claim that “although less effective than HRT, SSRIs/SNRIs are demonstrated to reduce hot flashes and may be recommended for women who wish t
In the modern economic environment, exposure to cyber threats has become a prevalent concern due to the tremendous damage that cyberattacks can cause. Ranging from financial losses to the disruption or even destruction of a supply chain, the outcomes of cyberattacks have an especially lasting impact on the construction industry (Egege, 2018). Due to the possibility of misconfigurations in the management of the construction processes, the outcomes of cyberattacks on construction companies can be dire (Owolabi & Olufemi, 2020). Given the increasing threat of cyberattacks, as well as online data leakage, such as people posting snippets of classified information on social media, the second point, which implies evaluating the susceptibility to damage, needs to be revised. Specifically, given the probability of data leakage, the possibility of the performance of the system being disrupted intentionally may become possible. Thus, a more covert approach toward the assessment of the key vulnerabilities needs to be conducted to avoid instances of vandalism. Moreover, to balance out the threat described above, an additional measure can be proposed as a supplementary strategy of the plan. Specifically, it will be necessary to check the existing information systems and channels before the assessment of vulnerabilities within the construction industry and delineating a plan that could be implemented in case of an emergency. For this purpose, the data management frameworks within an organization and the existing communication channels will be monitored. Although the described step does not guarantee complete safety from a cybersecurity breach, it will create a defense system that will guard an organization from the possibility of its data being disclosed to third parties (Sydorenko, 2017). Therefore, the introduction of an extra step that involves monitoring and securing the current communication channels used by the company and its staff members must be deemed as necessary.
Nowadays, it is hard to imagine this life without mass media or avoid the impact it could have on human life. People find it necessary to use mass media to stay informed, be connected with the world, and exchange various pieces of information. Still, there are many types of mass media, as well as there are many possible influences media could have on people. On the other hand, entertainment, awareness, and availability are the evident pluses of mass media. On the other hand, the establishment of wrong ideals, manipulation, and misinterpretation are the factors that top the list of the crucial negative influences of mass media. Regardless of its positive and negative aspects, media is still used in different fields and guides the relations that could be developed between different groups of people. The resolution of a crisis is an important step taken by many people regularly. There are many ways of how people could resolve crises, and mass media is one of them. Still, the role of mass media is controversial indeed because it could help to resolve crises as well as to promote the creation and development of conflicting situations and crises. In this paper, the evaluation of mass media in terms of crisis resolutions will be developed to clarify the role of mass media in such types of crises as an economic crisis, a political crisis, a kind of personal crisis, an organizational crisis, and natural disasters. Mass Media in the Modern World Mass media is usually defined as a very powerful force in the modern world and a crucial factor that defines the essence of modern culture and the style of life. However, despite the fast-growing importance of mass media, its nature, and roles in different fields do not receive the required portion of attention and discussion in the literature (Thompson, 2013). People are aware of such general functions of mass media as news provision, education, and entertainment. They think that such a portion of knowledge is enough to believe in the power of mass media and its ability to provide people with enough experience to solve conflicts, resolve crises, and stabilize the situations. There are different types of technologies through which mass media could be developed: television, radio, the Internet, magazines, and newspapers (Bajrami, Reci, & Iseni, 2016). People use different types in regards to their personal preferences, abilities, and even time frames. If a person needs some brief facts that could be offe
Learning and experiencing new objects and scenes depend on the number of sensory experiences involved into contemplation. In fact, the experience of contemplating the room by one individual cannot testify to the objectivity of the room. Neither can different experiences become the proof of objective reality. At the same time, the existence of the objective reality as itself is justified by the emergence of various perceptions existing in spiritual form. Due to the fact that earthly flesh has constantly changing nature, the room that Kant describes can change as well, based on different perceptions. I agree with the idea that our attitude to the external environment depends not only on perception of sensory experience, but also on previous knowledge about the object to be perceived. Therefore, if Kant looks at the room for the first time, he could make up an opinion about its various qualities and attributes. The second time of looking at the room will be evaluated on the premise of both new sensory experience and previous knowledge about it. The latter allows the viewer to present a comparative analysis of two different perceptions. In response to the objective reality, the author argues that our sensory experience also has a sequential nature. The difference in experience also depends on the shifts in perceptions once the priority of contemplating the object is changed. There is also a matter of ordering while looking at the object in the room. Hence, Kant focuses on his personal choice in choosing the sequence of looking at the objects. The above-presented assumptions premise on the theory of great chain of being introduced by Aristotle and Plato. According to this theory, our world and experience is composed of multiple chains and links. Due to the fact that the world is constantly changing, human experience of observing the objects surrounding them can be different all the time. In spite of the fact that material the world changes, the spiritual component remains permanent, which is important for understanding the concept of reality. In general, object position cannot be altered in the hierarchy. In nature, earth stands at the core of hierarchical chain because this element owns only the quality of existence. Each component that is directed upward focuses on the positive aspects of the previous chain. For instance, a human combines mortal, flesh characteristics and spiritual ones. Within the context of this dichotomy, body and soul become a whole in which the moral component is shaped. In case a human focuses on spirit, he/she could become much closer to the religious domain. Different outlooks and perceptions of the world influence human understanding of reality. The theoretical