Crisis interpretation through theoretical framework Understanding Cassandra’s crisis requires an understanding of what makes her to engage in the behaviors that lead to the crisis. This is in accordance with psychological behaviorism theory as postulated by Pavlov (Austin, 2010, p.113). The theory is based on the principles of frequency and recency. The principle of frequency states that the often accordance of responses to a given stimulus increases the chances of repeating the same response to that stimulus. Seen in the same vein, Cassandra’s three previous suicidal attempts could be a cause for the related homicidal scenario that she is now in. On the other hand, the principle of recency attributes repetition of a response to a given stimulus based to how recent the same happened (Austin, 2010, p.113). In the same perspective, Cassandra’s reported homicidal act to her boyfriend after a brawl could be influencing her verbally manifested motives of wanting to kill someone from her close family whom she blames for what she is going through. Cassandra’s crisis can also be comprehended based on systems theory that is believed to affect family dynamics models (Austin, 2010). The family is termed as an open system where the actions of one member affect the way in which the entire system operates. As Cassandra puts it, the sexual abuse of mother by both her grandfather and father seem to have influenced her current actions like contemplating homicide and her current nightmares. A Psychological study revealing the connection between an individual’s cognition and their mental health could also help interpret Ms. Smith’s case. According to the study, wrong information processing systems make people to start making conclusions that reflect flaws in their reasoning (Austin, 2010, p.114). This is mainly common among depressed people. For instance, Cassandra’s accusations that a close family member, most likely her dad plunged her into her current misery and is therefore the reason behind her violent actions cannot be justified at all. It is a misconception. This is because, even though she saw her mother being physically and sexually abused in another country, she should have restrained herself from her actions given that she is in another nation with its unique rules. She also ought to exercise self restraint and maturity before behaving this way. Assessment, Intervention and Treatment Ms. Smith’s current situation is traumatic and therefore, its assessment should be based on Bowen Family Systems theory. According to Bowen’s theory, family emotional processes play a major role in determining the effects of traumatic acts on family members (Catherall, 2004, p.236). Therefore, in assessing the situation, major emphasis should not be placed on the traumatic event’s nature but on comprehending and differentiating the emotional aspects of the family as it affects the family members’ experience of the trauma (Catherall, 2004, p.236). In Cassandra’s case, the traumatic case is both the physical and sexual abuse that she went through together with her mother long ago. Assessing her crisis does not call for concentrating on the evidential effects of what had happened like her homicidal threats and nightmares, but rather on family emotional processes that lead to her behavior. In assessing, intervening, and treating of Ms. Smith situation, it is imperative to