ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction/Thesis statement It will not be much of an exaggeration to suggest that the thematic conventions of the ‘spy novel’ genre continue to have a great effect on the formation of many public discourses in the West, as we know them. The validity of this suggestion can be illustrated with respect to Hillary Clinton’s recent claim that the hacking of her email box was organised by the Russian secret service FSB. Hollywood did contribute rather substantially towards bringing about such a state of affairs. Nevertheless, when subjected to analytical inquiry, many themes and motifs explored in the famous works of spy fiction, as well as the ‘technical’ accounts of what it means being a spy contained in spy novels, will appear having very little to do with today’s reality of intelligence operations. After all, the classical conventions of the ‘spy novel’ genre derive from the Cold War era, associated with the geopolitical confrontation between the US and USSR. The qualitative aspects of how secret services operate nowadays, on the other hand, are defined by the process of globalisation – something that presupposes the eventual privatisation of the formerly governmental domain in the West (at least this was the case until the 2014 outbreak of yet another ‘Cold War’ between Russia and the US). The exponential progress in the field of IT, which began in the late eighties, is another factor that continues to contribute heavily towards widening a gap between the fictional accounts of intelligence operations and what these operations are in reality. In my paper, I will aim to substantiate the validity of this suggestion at length while referring to some of the most well-known exemplifications of the literary genre in question, such as the spy novels by Ian Fleming and John le Carré. Body of the paper The literary genre ‘spy novel’ emerged in Britain prior to the beginning of the WW1, which in turn explains why in a classical spy novel the protagonist’s intelligence-gathering activities are usually described as nothing short of a ‘gentleman’s pursuit’, in the sense of being both utterly dangerous and yet highly enjoyable. Ian Fleming’s novels about James Bond (Agent 007) exemplify the validity of this statement perfectly well. The reason for this is apparent – after having been exposed to them, one will be likely to conclude that there is nothing too challenging about being employed by the British Secret Intelligence Service (M16). In fact, these novels imply that being a British intelligence officer is nothing short of indulging in the bellyful idleness while enjoying plenty of sex with married women. Here is how Fleming describes Bond’s daily routine in Moonraker , It was only two or three times a year that an assignment came along requiring his particular abilities. For the rest of the year he had the duties of an easy-going senior civil servant – elastic office hours from around ten to six; lunch, generally in the canteen; evenings spent playing cards in the comp
Introduction The United Kingdom continues to develop policies and strategies that would enhance peaceful coexistence amongst the citizens. Nonetheless, there are actions and activities that prevent the UK from having the desired level of peace, harmony, and healthy relationships amongst the citizens. One of the factors responsible for the lack of desired peace and harmony within the UK is a crime. Crime refers to a serious offense that violates the code of morality, unlawful actions of individuals, or acts committed or omitted to result in violations of the prescribed code of conduct and the established rules and regulations. In other cases, crime is unjust, senseless, or disgraceful actions or activities by other individuals who seem not to care about other citizens. In respect to these definitions, there are various forms of crime experienced not only in the UK but also within the global arena. Examples of forms of crimes include assaults, bribery, theft, rape, cyber crimes, murders, and suicides amongst others. Even though the UK continues to experience high rates of crime, such rates vary from one region to another. Lynfield Estate is considered one of the regions where the rates of crime have been incrementally increasing. With such rates in crimes, there has been a need to acquire up-to-date data for purposes of reducing or preventing the same. In line with this, the following is a research framework, which provides a detailed outline of how such up-to-date data will be collected and used. The research framework employs the use of interviews and questionnaires as the primary data collection instrument. In this proposal, the background of the study, statement of the problem, methodology, and data analysis techniques are identified and highlighted. The research framework winds up with a questionnaire that contains questions to be used within the research study. Background of the Study Increasing levels of crime within the United Kingdom have caused serious problems besides shifting the government’s priorities. Crimes result in serious destructions concerning economic development as well as the relationships existing between citizens. No one can deny the fact that crime has serious and adverse effects or impacts on everyone within the affected organization, community, or nation. Moreover, criminal activities are associated with social divisions, which further lead to lower or reduced involvement in economic growth and development. Social divisions will act as barriers to the involvement of individuals in activities that create economic, political, and social development amongst others. The United Kingdom continues to suffer from the negat
Abstract The colonization of the Aboriginals resulted in adverse social impacts. The Aboriginals have been left out when it comes to accessing social and public amenities. The rate of unemployment among the Aboriginal youths is so high that most of them have resorted to crime and violence. Moreover, most of the Aboriginals live in poverty. Introduction The colonization of the Aboriginal people resulted in various social impacts on the Aboriginals. The effects of colonialism have continued to haunt the Aboriginal people from generation to generation. Many of them face racism and discrimination when it comes to accessing various social amenities (Brown, Higgit, Wingert, and Miller 2005: 81). The Aboriginal youths have not been fully incorporated into society; thus, they are not seen as positive contributors to the development of the nation. Colonization also caused the erosion of the culture of the Aboriginal people. As a result, many of the colonized communities are characterized by behaviors such as drunkenness, depression, and violence (Kirmayer, Brass, and Tait 2000: 607). The creation of residential schools inflicted pain and trauma on the Aboriginal people due to the segregation shown by the government, as well as society as a whole (Sutherland, Russell, Adams, Baird, Shearer, and Watson 2014: 125). The conditions that the Aboriginal people experienced while in the residential schools inflicted internal and social wounds that may take longer to heal (DeGagne 2007: 49). This paper aims to look at some of the social effects of colonization of the Aboriginal people, especially in Canada. Racial and Cultural Discrimination of the Aboriginal People One of the impacts of colonization on the Aboriginal people was discrimination. The problem started the moment the European population thought that the culture of the Aboriginal people was not appropriate and needed radicalization (Kirmayer et al. 2000: 608). The discrimination by the whites led to the creation of residential schools, where the Indians were forced to attend these schools against their will. According to DeGagne (2007: 50), a lot of injustices happened in those schools; the Indians were harassed at many times, girls were sexually abused, and the language used was mostly violating the beliefs and cultures of the Aboriginal people. The extent of discrimination had escalated to include the government of Canada. The government of the day developed policies that would result in the segregation of the aboriginals due to the pressure from its citizens (Kirmayer et al. 2000: 608). Consequently, the Aborigines succumbed to a reserved life. As a result, the culture of the Aboriginals gradually eroded and was absorbed by European culture. Brown et al. (2005) indicate that a majority of the lifestyle diseases that the Aboriginals are experiencing today are as a result of the absorption of the Aboriginal culture into the culture of the Europeans (p. 84). The Aborigi
Sir Edmund Hillary was born on 20 th July 1919 and he was an explorer and a mountaineer of New Zealand. In 1953, he and Tensing Norgay who was the mountaineer of Sherpa were the first mountaineers to have reached Mount Everest’s summit. While in high school he was interested in mountaineering and his first major climb was accomplished in 1939 by reaching Mount Olivier’s summit. He founded the Himalayan Trust so that he could give a hand to the people of Sherpa and this was due to his ascent of Mount Everest. Out of his great efforts, lots of hospitals and schools were constructed in the remote areas of the Himalayas. In 1985 he became the High Commissioner of New Zealand to India and in four and a half years he served in New Delhi. He was quoted saying that, “It is not the mountains we concur, but ourselves.” This quote was used by Hillary to show that when he succeeded in being a mountaineer it was because he was dedicated to was he was doing and he wanted to achieve it. According to his history, Hillary was a risk-taker especially when he was a mountaineer and this is one of the good qualities of a good leader. He was a hard worker in every field he involved himself in and in 1953 he headed, Order of British Empire as Knight Commander. Due to his determination, he was awarded the medal of polar because he was part of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition. Hillary was good at creating a working friendship as he did with Tenzing so that he could learn and succeed in the goals that he wanted to achieve. His leadership styles were seen when he became keen on the organizations he was involved in so that he could ensure that great work was going on and also a few organizations were named after him like Hillary College (Otara) and Hillary Commission (now known as SPARC). He was a great policymaker and he implemented his policies in the field he was involved in like when he led the expedition of the jet boat in 1977. He was also described as a good leader because of his congenial personality and his humbleness. Hillary’s leadership styles were seen in several ways whereby he tried to encourage other people to succeed by building schools and hospitals. As the expedition progressed Sir Edmund Hillary proved his worth and he had realized how his relationship with Tenzing had developed a very powerful partnership. Hillary dedicated himself to making others succeed and he had huge responsibilities. He was also committed to supporting, developing, and organizing the people he led and worked with especially those they climbed the mountains with. Although Hillary was good at achieving his accomplishments he was delightfully informal in style. For one of the summit slots, Hillary was considered an effective contender, and his respect was
During the period of globalization, outsourcing joins capital, technology, and labor resources from all over the world. No attribute of science or of engineering says that any given artifact can be improved, in function-to-cost ratio, indefinitely at exponential rates. Progress has been surprisingly steady, costs declining by about a factor of two every three years. This steady exponential improvement of product function per unit cost over four or five generations of quite different technologies seems at variance with the well-documented notion of the product life cycle Outsourcing helps businesses to join labor and intellectual resources from all over the world and supply them with innovative technological solutions ( Power et al 2006). Outsourcing exhibits improvement in the early stages, followed by rapid exploitation as investment follows the early ‘supernormal’ profits, followed by ultimate stagnation in progress as nature proves less tractable and profit margins fall from competitive pressure (Gordon and Zimmerman 2007). Yet stagnation would have been the fate of any of the constituent technologies had innovations not come along to allow the development to jump from one S-curve to the next, just in the nick of time, so to speak. If radical innovation can keep the pace of technological progress at near the maximum for any one technology, the innovating firm may sustain a degree of competitive advantage sufficient to justify the risks. American engineers with the same problem would spend much more time and money pushing the technology to a design point where it is clearly superior to proven alternatives before introducing it. In all likelihood, their costs would be higher (Bielski, 2006). Outsourcing has always been a balance between generalization and specialization. Technical understanding that the older technology’s limitations are about to jeopardize the rewards that have driven the investment strategy to that point is the motivating factor. In other words, it is the refusal of the innovators to accept reality as inevitable. Even in the smallest, most focused firms, the specialist consultant has been expected to complement his or her specific skills with a broad understanding of the business environment
Introduction An examination of the story of Oedipus reveals a certain degree of hubris among the characters which I believe is an integral theme within the story that lead to the start and culmination of most of the events that occurred. What you have to understand is that in most of the Greek stories that I have read, such as Hercules, the story of Troy and the Odyssey, those who exult themselves, place themselves above all others or state that they are on the same level as the Gods often meet tragic and ironic ends. As such, it can almost be expected that characters within a Greek tragedy who exhibit such characteristics often end up in adverse circumstances. In the case of Oedipus his fate resulted in one of the most tragic ends of all wherein he killed his father and married his mother. The concept of pride is crucial within this story and as I elaborate more on this point it will be immediately apparent as to why Oedipus readily believed the drunk who tells him that Polybus and Merope are not his real parents, but will not believe the famous and reliable prophet Teiresias. The Growth of Pride First and foremost, when you examine the story of Oedipus it can be seen in certain parts of the Greek play that Oedipus places such distinctions on himself as “the man who all men call great” or “the greatest man in all men’s eyes”. Such titles of course come as a direct result of his defeat of the Sphinx, his marriage to Jocasta and him being crowned king of Thebes. This method of distinction that Oedipus places upon himself is based on a considerable degree of pride as a direct result of his accomplishments. As such, when presented with the words of the prophet Teiresias stating that he was the murderer of Laius, Oedipus does not readily believe them since his pride in himself would not allow him to do so. He labels the words of Teiresias as falsehoods and even accuses his friend (who is also unknowingly his uncle) Creon of instigating such lies. This particular behavior is in direct contrast to his earlier attitude involving his adoptive parents, Polybus and Merope. In this earlier instance, he readily believed the words of a drunk (who stated that Polybus and Merope were not his true parents) as well as believed the words of the Oracle of Delphi who repeated the same prophecy given to Laius and Jocasta. This divergence in the acceptance of what is said to them between the younger and older versions of Oedipus is based on the fact that the older version of Oedipus had developed a considerable degree of pride in himself as a direct result of his accomplishments. This had manifested itself in events early on within the story where he encountered Laius on the road to Thebes and refused to give way due to his pride in being a prince of Corinth. The end result was the murder of Liaus which was inherently based on the concept of pride and how Oedipus refused to be humble
Introduction For many years, men in different societies have been known to have secret affairs outside their marriages. Although there has never been concrete evidence about the reason this trend has continued over the years, a number of scholars attribute such behavior to the men’s eagerness to conquer and control women. The women who are secretly involved in such kinds of relationships are referred to as concubines; they engage in such relationships being fully aware that they will not get married to their partners. However, they prefer these relationships because they presuppose fewer commitments compared to the official marriage. Women in Chinese Society According to Warner, the story of Bao Yu has been widely vilified in the Chinese society (124). He argues that the concubine has been described by many writers as sex-crazed and cunning, although it is believed that there were others whose behavior could be considered worse than her. He highlights that her early life is not clearly understandable. Seagrave claims that the reason why her details are scanty is because Qing imperial policy forbade publication of personal details. It turns out that those who gathered information about her are believed to have summoned it in order to fill in the information gaps (45). A woman in the Chinese society is have been depicted as people who understands the importance of education although they themselves have been deprived of it. Wang (12) says that when one woman by the name of Mengzi’s mother realized her son performance was way below her expectations, she shaved her hair and cut her hair in disbelief. It is said that the boy performance improved from there on to become one of the well-known scholars in the world. According to him, Mengzi’s mother considered a woman who neglected the work that provided food for her as a man who falls short in cultivating his virtue. According to him, women were supposed to be fully dressed without showing any of their private parts. He illustrates an example of Mengzi’s wife when Mengzi found her half naked. It is said that the relationship between the two came to an end from that time (151). Her family background It is said that although she later became one of the King’s concubines, her family background was not that good. Some people say that she was from a well up family but this has been disputed in later years. Her parents were actually farmers in a remote village in South East China. She had other sisters and two brothers who she did not get along well with. This explains why she left her home to go to the streets. How she got married In her time, the King had been allowed to choose a girl from those who would line up before him. As a result, Bao Yu was selected in one of those events and by so doing she became a wife of the King. According to Warner, when this girl was around the age of 17, she was selected for the position of an imperial concubine. He also observed that the young girl was elated by this achievement since very few of her age had ever reached such a position (129). The girl though always looked back
An opportunity can be described as an idea or a group of circumstances whose outcome is uncertain and it requires use of resources and involves exposure to risk (Cicero,M and Johnston, A, 2000). Assessment of advantages and disadvantages of a business opportunity form an important part when coming up with a new venture. MinuteBox is a site which acts as a market place for people to sell and buy advices. The site is a social network with an in-built video used for chatting purposes. It has the usual features of a social network site. Once a problem has been posted on the site, experts bid the request and provide advice for a given amount. MinuteBox also has a rating and billing system. The idea of coming up with this site is an attractive business opportunity. The site provides an opportunity for experts or professionals to post their skills, experience and talents in order to sell them to viable clients. The idea meets the needs of persons who need quick solutions to their problems. It also makes the accessibility of these experts easy because they leave their contacts on the site. This site has numerous experts together with their rating per minute shown, thus one can choose an expert as per the money he or she wants to pay for the service. It is a quick way of finding solutions without travel costs. This business opportunity meets the needs of many regardless of their position in the world thus increasing accessibility and affordability of expertise to all. MinuteBox has addressed the need of joblessness by reaching down to experts and providing an opportunity for them to serve clients (Minutebox, 2008). On the other hand Role point which helps professionals to connect to their employers; mostly companies. In RolePoint an employer posts a vacancy then qualified persons are referred in order to apply for the job. The idea is somehow limiting because only referred candidates can apply for a given job. Also on the other hand this idea depends on vacancies available in a company. The idea of being hired can be tricky to people far away from the location of the company, which means they could easily give up. To some extend this idea meets the need to create jobs but not as much as MinuteBox could. MinuteBox has a high market potential in terms of capacity and profitability. A greater population of professionals would want to be self-employed and enhance their expertise rather than being employed. While MinuteBox solves client’s problems, it serves a big population of people. Role Point is confined to solving joblessness and mostly deals with companies’ based in the United States of America. This means MinuteBox has a decentralized market as compared to Role Point which has its main market in USA. MinuteBox also offers a wid