ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction A sacred place can be defined as a place or a site where human beings go to seek the truth, meaning with divine inspiration that is mingled with beliefs and practices in an attempt to find the truth. Cathedrals, mosques, temples, and so on represent the human need for deeper insights into life questions. Humans approach these sacred places to answer questions of identity. A spiritual place is where one’s contemplates divine mystery in spiritual openness. Sacred places have an aesthetic value to those who regard them as sacred. Choice of a Sacred Place A sacred place as one person’s preference is different in many ways from another. A person can make a place sacred by choosing a place where one feels that he can get in touch with one’s inner self or a higher self (Craword, 2010, 3). Comfort and relaxation is a top priority for the area set aside (Craword, 2010, 3). The place has to be tranquil to enable one to perform any spiritual need, such as prayer or meditation. This has to be a place where one feels relaxed and comfortable within the surroundings to enable one to maintain a practice. The place chosen has a quiet and a place where feels some sense of privacy (Craword, 2010, 7). Sadako Peace Garden The Sadako Peace Garden is at a retreat center in Santa Barbara. The garden is a natural garden for reflection and spiritual fulfillment with divine intervention. The garden is named in memory of Sadako Sisako, who was a survivor of the Hiroshima atomic bomb accident. Sadako later developed leukemia, and many doctors believed that this was a result of nuclear poisoning from the nuclear bombs. In Japan, there is a tradition of paper planes if one folded 1,000 paper cranes for a wish. With this in mind, Sadako began folding paper cranes hoping she would get better as well attain world peace. Unfortunately, she died after the 646-paper crane. Her classmates folded the rest of them. In her memory, there’s a statue in the Peace Memorial Park in Hiroshima where people from all over the world visiting Japan come to fold paper cranes for world peace. The 50th anniversary of the Hiroshima attack was commemorated at the center. The garden was dedicated to people who have worked hard all over the world to ensure world peace. This small garden is dedicated to all those persons who strive to achieve world peace and also as well renew community interest to nurture peace in their communities and the whole world over. Conclusion Religion mythology and other systems of what would be considered as a human belief system are characterized as a culture of particular people. Scholars argue that religion is a structure that gives orientation to its believers. In traditional societies, myths represent the absolute truth, unlike in modern societies where the truth is subjective. Sacred places in these societies differ, but what is common amongst them is that each religion has its own sacred places ( Leonard et al., 2004, 7). Sacred places can be for an individual as per their choice or a communal one to be shared by many.
Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is among the major causes of maternal mortality and a significant contributor to maternal and perinatal morbidity. Preeclampsia is characterized by hypertension that develops throughout pregnancy and disappears after birth, suggesting that the placenta is a critical player in the condition. Reduced placental perfusion, which leads to extensive malfunction of the maternal vascular endothelium, is an initial PIH event (Osman, 2019). There is a variety of processes that contribute to decreased placental perfusion in PIH, but most studies point to abnormal cytotrophoblast invasions of spiral arterioles as a critical component. There are greater odds of developing PIH when a woman is connected to nulliparity, extreme maternal ages, numerous pregnancies, gestational diabetes, chronic hypertension, fetal deformity, obesity, or history of PIH in the past pregnancies. Chronic diseases such as renal disease and diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular problems, unrecognized chronic hypertension, and PIH in family history are precipitating PIH factors. In addition, alcohol use, rheumatoid arthritis, extreme underweight and overweight, mental stress, asthma, and low socioeconomic status are also risk factors for PIH. The most typical symptoms of PIH are increased blood pressure, protein in the urine, edema, abrupt weight gain, visual abnormalities, nausea, upper right abdominal discomfort or pain around the stomach, and reduced amounts of urine. However, each woman has distinct symptoms that are related to PIH. A physician determines the precise therapy for PIH based on a woman’s pregnanc
Sustainability Edward A. Keller defines sustainability as a deliberate effort by people to ensure natural resources are used and protected so that they can serve the community for a long time. This means that this effort should be based on the need to sustain human life and ensure the environment promotes healthy living. Therefore, sustainability is a measure aimed at ensuring natural resources do not get exploited by man’s greed and curiosity. There is a need to ensure that measures are put in place to protect resources from depletion caused by carelessness and greed to satisfy human needs. Assumptions There are various beliefs, studies, and practices that make people have different assumptions about sustainability. However, the general assumptions about this topic revolve around how people try to manage the effects of modern technology in sustaining various issues in the environment. Most people assume that the present natural resources (water, trees, and minerals) are capable of replacing themselves regardless of how they are used. This assumption makes them fail to control how they use resources and this leads to their depletion. Secondly, they assume that high consumption leads to environmental degradation and happiness. This is wrong since studies have shown that most wealthy people do not live happily and the reverse is true. Lastly, people believe that economic development is better than environmental conservation, but they forget that these issues are intertwined. Moreover, there is the need to readdress this assumption and ensure that even if people develop sophisticated technologies they should not do this at the expense of the future. These assumptions determine people’s attention and willingness to conserve the environment and ensure they use technologies that sustain resources. Formation of Alfisols Soil is a combination of various organic and inorganic substances that are found on the surface of the earth and extend some meters on its crust. Alfisols are the most common types of soil in Indianas because of the humid and semi-arid conditions created by forest covers. They are best suited for growing corn and soya beans because of their acidic conditions and have very high water retention ability that suits the production of these crops. Also, this soil is formed very fast because of the rapid decomposition process fuelled by the semi-arid conditions of this region. Population Growth Rate and Soil Sustainability Indianapolis is experiencing a very fast population growth rate that has pushed people to look for land for farming and settlement. However, the need to have houses and own land has increased the demand and the price of this resource. Large farms are being subdivided into small units that are easily affordable. This is a serious threat to food production and environmental sustainability because it will lead to subsistence farming. Besides, there will be high pollution rates and it will be very expensive to produce food. This means that Indianapolis will experience high food prices, pollution, congestion, and informal settlements if it all
Production and consumption takes place in every economy worldwide. Companies utilize various raw materials in order to produce goods and services that are consumed by the public. After their consumption, there are some wastes both during production and after consumption. Countries have stipulations governing wastes disposals. Thus, wastes are disposed off in specific locations in order to prevent unwarranted reactions that might have harmful environmental effects. It is estimated that waste production throughout the world in any given year is about 4 billion tons of which 1.2 tons is solid waste. Not much of the waste is recycled since only 600 of annual disposed solid waste are recycled while the rest is either burned or buried. Most countries and management of major cities and towns are responsible for maintaining cleanliness in the cities and the general environmental cleanliness. Following this obligation, they have put several waste collection bins around the cities and towns for the public to deposit any wastes. Waste management involves the collection of garbage, its removal and recycling. Abu Dhabi has contracted several firms to manage post consumer wastes. The firms responsible for managing wastes set up collection centers such as bins and dumpsites in which they conduct routine collection of wastes. Either the wastes can be disposed off in a better manner or it can be recycled. This study examines waste management in the emirate of Abu Dhabi. The emirate is not well developed and in its efforts to manage waste, it faces various challenges such as financial, economic and social challenges. The study will examine waste management practices and strategies used in Abu Dhabi compared to the rest of the world. The study utilized waste data collection system for secondary data while primary data on waste management in Abu Dhabi was collected using questionnaires that were distributed to the responsible organization. The Waste Data Collection System analyzes that was used in this study different types of waste, tonnages of the wastes, Kilometers of street swept, and identify various assets where the waste is transferred or disposed such as the transfer station and the landfill. The collected data measured the level of waste collected in Abu Dhabi. From the analysis, it is evident that firms in waste management in Abu Dhabi face various challenges that sometimes make them exit the industry such as financial, socio-cultural and economic challenges. The data collected highlighted some of these
Abstract Comparative legal study usually involves the analysis of two or more jurisdictions with a view to compare and contrast the legal practices and the theoretical framework that guides the formulation of each individual country’s legal system. In this study, I look at the jurisdictional differences between Australia, England & Wales and the United States of America (USA). While these three countries have different legal systems, they seem to converge at certain points mainly due to shared history and culture between the three. However, there are some notable differences that come to the fore which inform the various ways in which legal scholars and practitioners in all these countries view their legal system. Introduction Lundmark 1 (1) defines a legal system as encompassing “all behavioral legal rules in the jurisdiction, institutional rules that provide for the establishment and administration of legal institutions and all the people involved in making interpreting and applying legal rules”. This comparative study is therefore a look at the various legal systems in place in Australia, England & Wales and the US. Legal systems can either be common law systems or civil law systems. The common law system is developed through case law or judges decisions. The principle of ‘ stare decisis’ where courts are bound by prior decisions defines the common law system vis a vis the civil law system that follows a more statutory form is what separates legal systems in the world (Du Plessis 98 2 ). All three jurisdictions have a common factor which is the fact that they were all colonies of Britain (except England and Wales of course which are part of Britain). This unifying factor means that all three jurisdictions share common features such as the application of common law. However, it is notable that the fact that a country‘s legal system follows a civil law form or a common law form does not mean that both are exclusively applied. In actual fact, different states use both systems with the only difference being the laying of emphasis. Jurisdictional differences and similarities As stated above, the legal system in Australia is a common law system due to the colonial legal systems that were set up by the British that are still applicable to date. The United States legal process has also had a significant influence on the Australian system mainly due to the fact that federalism 3 in the US occurred at around the same time the Australian Constitution was being drafted to introduce a federal system in the country. As a consequence, the hierarchy and structure system of the Australian judicial system is very similar to that of the US (McHugh 56) 4 . The Australian court system is similar to that of the US since it has both a federal and state system that run concurrently.
Introduction This essay analyzes the main themes of A&P by John Updike, a short story written in 1961. The main message of the story is the choice made by the main character. He rebels against the society that is consumer-conditioned and chooses to live honestly and meaningfully. The nature of this rebellion is what J.Updike wanted to show in his A&P short story. The Background of the Conflict in A&P To understand all the peculiarities of the author’s message and to analyze the ideas and themes of A&P appropriately, it is always necessary to pay much attention to the historical context of the work. The main character of the story is Sammy, a teenager who tries to rebel against the system and structure of social norms represented in the text in the form of rules and standards typical for the A&P stores. His rebellion is a local reflection of those ideas, ideologies, and cultural changes that existed in the society of the USA in the 1960s. The time period of the 1960s in the USA was full of confrontations on all the levels of political, economic, social, and cultural life. The country experienced the effects of the postwar period, which could be interpreted as prosperity. Society required further development, which could also be associated with various social and cultural aspects. That is why the character of Sammy can be considered as one of the first representations or embodies of the critics, which are directed toward the specific aspects of social life and peculiarities of social limitations and boundaries in the public’s minds, which were supported by the consumers’ ideology. Sammy is a young cashier at the A and P store, the main setting of the story. He is not afraid to act against the system in the market and the whole social system as it can be discussed with references to the historical context of the story. That is why it is possible to analyze the peculiarities of the dilemma between obedience and rebellion, which is the main conflict in “A&P” by John Updike. In this ironic story, which is given from the first narrator, the conflict of the mass’s visions of the rules and morality, which depend on the principles of consumerism, develops in connection with the new opinions on freedom from the prejudices. Nevertheless, Sammy’s cynical romanticism is only the result of his young age. In their book, Miller and Nash discuss the character of Icarus as the most typical character in the art, which is inclined to act impulsively and rebel against the conventionalities because of his youth and immaturity. Sammy rebels not against the idea, he rebels against the possibility to become such a person who can be dependent on the standards, conditions, and rules which are not pleasant and unnecessary for him. It was typical for the rebelling movements of the 1960s to be developed against the system, which does not exist for people and their needs, but only requires the constant obedience to its norms.
Introduction Although the clinical methods are often the only possible solution for human survival, some of them may seem unethical to the social perception. First of all, this concerns the procedure of organ donation, as a result of which functional systems of a dead person are transferred to a living patient. The ethicality of such actions has been questioned, as this procedure may be ambiguously perceived by the relatives of the deceased patient and the recipient of organs. Examples of Donations Organ transplantation operations are a frequent practice in the medical community, so there are many examples of such procedures by now. Nine-year-old Briton Max was diagnosed in 2017 with dilated cardiomyopathy (“ Max, heart ,” 2017). The boy stood in line for a heart transplant for a long time and finally managed to get it from a dead Keira. Since then, the British Parliament has approved Max and Keira’s law, which postulates that all adults after death agree to donate their organs unless otherwise approved previously (“ Max and Keira’s, ” 2020). A similar story took place with an adult woman, Michelle, 23, living with a hard seal in her lung (NHS Organ Donation, 2020). When the interstitial disease intensified, the patient had a lung transplant. Detailed Analysis The organ transplantation is a real solution for all patients whose lives depend on organ systems’ functionality. A person is on the verge of death, and all that can help them is organ replacement. Thus, it is difficult to argue that bioethical issues may be above the desire to save a patient’s life. As a follow-up to this question, it should be noted that according to the “ Organ donation statistics ” (2020), every day, 17 people die waiting for a transplant, and every 9 minutes, another patient is added to the waiting list. Thus, by 2020, more than 109 thousand people are waiting for their turn for transplantation. At the same time, about 90 percent of adult Americans support organ donation, but only 60 percent have signed the agreement. As a result, this endorsement encourages the effective use of human organs after death, which positively impacts the country’s general health. In 2019, the United States conducted 39,717 organ transplants, with a total of 8.8 deaths per population of 1,000 citizens (Searing, 2020; “ U.S. death ,” 2020). This is a high figure and has been increasing for ten years now: thus, this problem is incredibly important and requires careful bioethical analysis. Bioethical Problems Since organ transplantation works with the phenomenon of human life, it has acquired many doubts about the categories of legality and justice of such actions. First and foremost, the ethical issue concerns the emotional pressure seen when such a solution is agreed upon. A dying patient, especially if they do not have close relatives, may be stressed if the doctor forces them to donate. Such pressure can also be implicit: in case if a medical worker is extremely pressured to talk about the necessity of such a decision. In this case, the patient may be forced to make an unrelated decision. The answer to this question may be to better inform the patie
Introduction Military leadership can be defined as the situation where military rules like in Burma, whereby they were ruled by military leaders and it was due to this that many countries have been in a position to succeed. Characteristics of a good leader Leadership may be naturally something born in a person or it may be developed as one grows up. Leaders have got a distinguishing characteristic that makes them successful in their work otherwise they greatly fail the organization. Junichiro Koizumi is another Japanese leader who has led to the overwhelming factory and hence this has the public perceive his leadership style as good. He also brought a new style to Japanese politics. He led the country into a sense of strength and boldness I do choose Abraham Lincoln as a leader because he on examining his leadership bears ten characteristics of a good leader. He is a person of great courage and a fighter for the human right which everybody deserves. Closer scrutiny of his general character, he quite well encourages to imitate the same behavior due to the possession of more than ten exemplary principles that I do treasure very much. Although he was born in poor family background, he had a clear contemplation of life. He was a man of vision and then he set vivid goals to achieve. He could emerge as a source of joy, hardworking man, and scholar who later wrote great book eminent use. Generally, he is a leader for his enthusiastic knowledge, holistic perspective, visually, effective communication and interaction, good teamwork, the openness of culture as well as personal development programs that change behavior were enormously bestowed in him. Lincoln’s life was full of organization in his career. He at first served as a soldier during periods of black hawk struggle. Once then he taught the importance of teaching himself law hence later being awarded the position of a state legislature in the political arena. Henceforth, he stepped into the house of a representative where he faced the U.S government in opposition against the war between them and Mexico. He finally became a nominated president of republican after a hot debate with Senator Stephen Douglas. Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte a French general can be categorized to be transformational. He had the self-confidence that allowed him to surround himself with people better known than he was. He could argue and have a debate with them this was one of the strategies that he streng