ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Religious ideals can move people toward finding the answers to their questions and toward proclaiming the ethical ideals in the world. On the contrary, religion can make people develop dramatic wars because of the conflict of religious visions and principles. The same effect has the misunderstandings associated with the ethical and racial questions. As a result, today many people share the developed stereotypic ideas about Islam because of the terrorist activities performed by few radicalized Muslims. These ideas are based on prejudice and misconceptions. The themes of prejudice, war, hatred, religious and ethnic conflicts are discussed in Kamila Shamsie’s book Burnt Shadows in detail, with references to the visions of several generations affected by wars, terror, and biases. To understand the importance of the themes discussed by the author, it is necessary to focus on the moment when Kim Burton, the American, takes Abdullah, the Afghan, to cross the Canadian borders. Although Kim agreed to help Abdullah cross the Canadian border to escape from the FBI because of the tries to overcome biases and state justice, the woman decided to inform the police about the escape because of following her vision of the American ideals and norms, because of her prejudicial vision of the father’s death, and because of her fears and doubts about her previous decision. Thus, Kim’s actions and associated considerations demonstrate the significant role of such concepts and themes as prejudice, loyalty, war, religion, ethnicity, and conflict in developing the ideas of the book. Kim agrees to help Abdullah because Hiroko and Raza are inclined to support this Muslim and provide him with the opportunity to avoid injustice; thus, these persons persuade the woman to act against her principles, but she doubts significantly. Thinking over the controversial situation more and more, Kim doubts about all the aspects of Abdullah and Raza’s story. Thus, Kim asks herself: “How did they know the FBI knocked on his door for no reason except that he was an Afghan? How did they know he had run for no reason except panic about his migration status?” (Shamsie, 2009, p. 345). Kim’s doubts are based on the idea that she is the citizen of the democratic country where unjust cases are the exceptions. Thus, the FBI cannot persecute a person without having credible reasons for such actions. That is why, Kim is inclined to think that something in Abdullah’s story is wrong. From this point, promoting the ideological concepts, Kim cannot discuss Abdullah as a personality, she only sees the Muslim who wants to break the law. Having agreed to break the law because of the necessity to help Abdullah escape from the FBI, Kim also agrees to violate her visions of the American citizen who believes in the American ideals and has many reasons to support the war on terror because of her father’s death. Reflecting on Abdullah’s actions, Kim notes that “he had offered nothing, hadn
Various cultures may imply certain practices towards medical preparations. Some of them may have no faith in modern medicine applications and prefer indigenous methods that have been in practice for generations. In Ghana, modern medicine is considered an expensive alternative to traditional curing methods. Due to doubt about its effectiveness and low health literacy, people are hesitant to consider it an option (Gyasi et al., 2016). This points to the negative impact of health beliefs in the region. Nevertheless, different ethnic groups’ health-related beliefs and behaviors can result in positive health and well-being and beneficial health results, significant and dangerous health consequences, or no detrimental health impacts and hence are harmless. In consideration of the medical administration, it is possible to point out several implications of health beliefs. One of such implications is the limitation of medication administration to the doctors or medicine men in western regions and only when a patient demonstrates specific symptoms. In community medicine, the prescription should be done by professionals with modern knowledge, insight, and moral obligations in the form of Hippocrates’s oath. On the other hand, some communities may rely purely on cultural methods of medication administration. Treatment methods may be administered based on bodily elements such as humoral imbalances manifested as too much “hot” or “cold” (Taek et al., 2019). Consequently, “Cold” conditions are treated with “hot” drugs, while “hot” diseases are treated with “cold” medications, restoring equilibrium to the individual (Taek et al., 2019). This demonstrates how such cultural factors as health beliefs may result in a large disparity in medical administration. Two potential adverse reactions from health beliefs could be considered an overdose and an underdose. The first refers to the inadequate ingestion of drugs purely based on previous experience that is not supported by reliable medical knowledge. After the development of the COVID-19 vaccine, numerous media influencers, without prior consultation with medical professionals, were abusing the vaccine injection by making numerous injections at unrecommended intervals. This behavior is dangerous as it may cause unverified complications within the body. On the other hand, underdose is also possible as people consider western medicine as deeply flawed and dangerous for consumption. They may consider lowering recommended dosages that sabotage the effectiveness of the drugs and have little to no impact on alleviating the symptoms resulting in prolonged sickness. One possible issue is adherence to medication regimens could be subjective attitudes regarding chronic illnesses. They regularly and negatively impact patients’ adherence to therapy regimens (Shahin et al., 2019). Taking
Poverty traps, as defined in the context of the neoclassical model, are development crises. Poor countries in Africa, in particular, are unable to develop economically, and there is increasingly negative growth in income per capita. Some of the African countries are the poorest in the world; the health conditions are the worst; the population experiences ecological stress; the government has to deal with the heavy debt burden. However, there is increasing evidence that well-governed poor nations are not caught in poverty traps. According to the simple regressions that control for initial income and quality of government, poor African countries can overcome their poverty without foreign aid. Empirical evidence that Sub-Saharan Africa is caught in a poverty trap is weak. However, there is strong evidence that foreign aid hurts the economic development of Africa. As Jeffrey Sachs noted, “Poorest countries have systematically poorer governance measures than richer countries, since good governance itself requires real resources” (p. 120). Empirical evidence supports this belief. African government lacks vital financial resources to foster economic development. There are well-governed and poorly-governed parts in tropical Africa, however, the whole region is believed to be too poor to achieve high levels of economic growth. Nevertheless, it does not mean that more policy and governance reforms are insufficient to overcome the poverty trap. Undoubtedly, poverty leads to low national savings rates and negative economic growth rates. But the low domestic savings are not offset by large inflows of foreign aid and foreign direct investment. Extreme poverty in Africa is caused by poor infrastructure and weak human capital (Sachs, p. 121). Theorists assume that low domestic savings and low rates of market-based foreign capital inflows do not promote an escape from poverty. Nevertheless, the amount of foreign aid to Africa tends to increase and allows the poorest African countries to escape the poverty trap. Sachs noted Africa needs a “big push” in public investments to produce an increase in productivity (p. 122). The current level of foreign donors’ intervention is sufficient to lead the African countries to improved economic indicators. From this perspective, empirical evidence on the poverty trap in Africa is weakly supported with reliable statistics. There are three factors vital for research on the African poverty trap: capital thresholds, savings traps, and demographic traps. Sachs agreed that none of these would be sufficient by itself to cause a poverty trap (p. 130). Africa suffers slow growth in total factor productivity. In addition, there are five reasons why Africa is vulnerable to the persistent poverty trap (Sachs, p 131): high transportation costs and small market size, low-productivity agriculture, high disease burden, adverse geopolitics, and slow diffusion of technology from abroad. Nevertheless, Sachs has failed to provide strong
An ethical dilemma is an issue that confuses a person on the course of actions to take (Shapiro 2010). This situation offers people two choices and makes it difficult for them to decide what to do. The victim is usually forced to make a decision that may benefit other members of society, even if this will hurt the person. Therefore, an ethical dilemma makes the victim incur losses at a personal level to benefit other members of society by respecting moral principles and making decisions that uphold the virtues of a community. The first scenario involves a student that picks a lost iPod on the floor of his classroom. The student discovers that the iPod is working and has some of his favourite music tracks. This student is in an ethical dilemma because he is confused and wonders whether to keep the iPod or leave it on the floor. He wants the gadget because it is a fashionable one. It is expensive and not every person can afford to buy it. He must realize that somebody may have dropped the gadget without knowing, and this will be a huge loss to the victim. In addition, he should know that the owner may have borrowed it from his friends or relatives, and this means that it must be returned as soon as possible. Therefore, if he decides to keep it, he will make another person suffer from losing such an expensive gadget. Moreover, the victim may be forced to pay for it if he borrowed that iPod, and this may cause him financial losses. Lastly, people may think that he is a thief if he decides to keep it because nobody is supposed to be found with other people’s property (Kidder 2011). The most appropriate thing to do is to report the issue to his teacher or school prefects and let them decide what to do with it. Other students and the class teacher should be involved in this issue so that the right owner of the iPod can be identified. It is good to seek assistance from a teacher before making any decision on this issue. The second scenario involves advising a student what he should do when he finds an iPod on the floor of his classroom. Peer pressure is very powerful, especially among the youths (Shapiro 2010). This student should be advised to report the matter to a teacher so that the owner of the iPod can be traced. In addition, he should be informed that it is wrong to keep something that does not belong to him because he may be perceived to be a thief. On the other hand, the student can be advised to keep the iPod and use or sell it. However, the buyer of this gadget may be its owner, and this will complicate issues by causing more problems. Therefore, the best alternative is to report the issu
Abstract This project is going to examine ways through which the problem of child prostitution in Thailand can be addressed. Child prostitution is one of the major issues, which have continued to violate the rights of children. The practice is common in South East Asia, and catastrophic in Thailand. Popular education as advocated by Freire (2000) will be used in addressing this problem. Target Rights Issue This project is aimed at addressing the problem of child prostitution in Thailand. Child prostitution in Thailand is a problem that has attracted international attention because of its infringement of the rights of the girl child. Underage girls in Thailand have been sold to brothels by their relatives, or abducted. In these brothels, these underage girls are subjected to sexual abuse. In addition, they are normally prohibited from leaving these brothels, a factor that violates their freedom of movement. These girls also suffer other abuses such as beatings, which are normally done in order to coerce them to comply with the demands of clients. Child prostitution in Thailand also thrives because of western pedophiles who normally offer hundreds of dollars in order to have sex with these girls. The perpetrators of this trade normally sell the virginity of these children to the highest bidder. Objectives: Goals of the project The aims of this project are two: firstly, this project is aimed at sensitizing families, children, authorities, the general public and all other people involved in child prostitution, about its negative impacts on the rights and health of children. Secondly, the project aims at putting to end child prostitu
Executive Summary During October 2013, different types of technical defects were observed in relation to the work of the HealthCare.gov website associated with the procedure of enacting the Affordable Care Act. These problems caused a range of difficulties in the exchange activities of many people who needed the information about insurance and concrete assistance in relation to their health care plan. The website was designed to provide the online marketplace to resolve the problems associated with purchasing health insurance by many people in different states (Goldstein par. 1-3). However, the work of the website was inadequate not only because of the technical defects but also because of the inappropriate content and information provided for the population and insurance companies, thus, many persons remained to be frustrated because of the experienced problems with the online market. The problem is in the fact that the Obama administration rejected reporting on the observed problems initially, stating that the inadequate work of the website was connected with the website’s popularity among the population. The people’s reports on their interactions in relation to the website were not used appropriately to fix the problem as quickly as possible (Goldstein par. 5-7). Furthermore, the Obama administration did not provide any information about the website’s problems and approaches to overcome them. As a result, many people and insurance companies experienced significant difficulties while using the website in order to resolve the questions associated with insurance. Finally, the Obama administration reacted to the situation and declared about the necessity to invite experts and specialists in order to cope with the technical defects observed in the work of the website (Goldstein par. 12-13). In spite of the fact the Obama administration realized some actions to overcome the problem, it is necessary to examine the other approaches to resolving the issue to respond to the associated ethical concerns and to provide the alternatives which can be used by the government in order to resolve the problematic situation. Policy Alternatives The first policy alternative which can be used in relation to resolving the issue is the improvement of approaches chosen by the Obama administration. Thus, the government representatives declared that hiring the additional computer experts, it is possible to rewrite computer code and improve the work of the website to satisfy the needs of the population and insurance companies. From this point, the Obama administration acts in relation to the principles of deontology because the government is responsible for providing the population with the adequate services according to the Affordable Care Act, and the government is also responsible for stating and fixing the associated problems because of the moral duty (Lewis and Gilman 121). That is why the government should change the approach to presenting the situation to the public. It is important to state clearly what problems the administration faces and what actions are realized to resolve the difficulties and in what terms. The second alternative policy
Holocaust is a black spot in world history. It is impossible to forget those times and people’s deaths. Holocaust should be remembered as till people remember the terrors and horrors which occurred at that time, and there is a chance that there will never appear the same situation. No one Jewish survived. Neither adults nor children were spared. Remembering those terrible times, people are terrified as it is impossible to understand that savageness against Jewish people, as they are the same as we are; they are human beings. The story “Hana’s Suitcase” by Karen Levine is not fiction, where heroes and the plot are the imagination of the author; it is a documentary story where the situation and named people are real, they lived their lives, and in one moment their destinies have deeply intertwined. The plot concentrates on the suitcase which remained after the war and was left in Tokyo Holocaust Educational Resource Centre. The director of this center Fumiko Ishioka taught children about the horrors of the Holocaust, and the suitcase touched her attention. She began to search for some facts which could lighten the life and the situation of how Hana had died. Fumiko Ishioka’s researches were successful; she managed to find some information about Auschwitz, where Hama was killed. The life description that she presents makes people think over the circumstances which brought a girl, Hana, to death. (Levine 2007) The book is not only about Hana. Hana’s life is shown as an example of the lives of all Jewish children during the Nazis’ occupation. The book’s main idea is the terror which Jewish people had to come through and the result of which was still death. The book is about people’s lives which ran calmly till Nazism did not appear in the world, and people were killed without any reason. The destinies of Jewish people were similar. There is no family in the region, which was occupied by Nazis, where the family does not remember and grieve about the relative who was killed during
Production Description   * Utilizing an ergonomic design that conforms with the seating structure of a variety of Ford produced cars, the Protective Infant Safety Harness or PRISH, is a pre-installed car seat that is available upon request when purchasing a new Ford vehicle.   * One of the main issues with current car seat models available in the market today is that they are bulky, hard to put away, and lack the necessary structural supports to protect an infant if the car should suffer a collision (Hatzakis, 384).   * To resolve this issue the Ford PRISH is the company’s answer to the daunting tasking of ensuring the safety of a child while at the same time making the car seat ergonomic enough that it can be easily stored or taken out when need be. Mission Statement “Our goal is to ensure the safety of children and give peace of mind to parents by providing a car seat that is both comfortable, safe, and above all is in line with the high standards of quality that the Ford Motor Company is known for.” Product Info Built utilizing extensive tests in ergonomic design and safety standards the Ford Prish car seat utilizes a conjunction of safety foam, impact webbing, durable materials, and safety straps to ensure the protection of an infant from any manner of sudden hits, impacts, or accidental collisions that may happen to a moving vehicle. Feature, Function, and Benefit Feature                                                                Function                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Benefit                                                                                                                                                                Pre-installation by Ford Trained Specialists                           Ensures that the various seats of the car are ready to effectively hold and handle the specially designed car seat to ensure maximum protection for an infant.                                                                                                            Assurance that the car seat can be easily attached and removed from the various seats of the car                                                                       Ergonomic Design                                                       The ergonomic design of the product ensures that it conforms to the contours of the backseat where it is placed at thus ensuring a far less bulky and safer riding experience for the infant (Simonsohn, 1 – 2)                                                           More space within the backseat of the car since the car seat is not as bulky as compared to other versions currently in the market                                     Collapsibility                                                         The car seat can be collapsed and put away.
It is impossible to imagine the modern world without medicine and its achievements. It is so because the health care industry provides individuals with numerous opportunities for how to solve their health problems. However, it is necessary to mention that people also influence medicine both positively and negatively. Thus, the principal purpose of this paper is to explain that it is impossible for the practice and science of medicine to be totally objective and completely removed from social attitudes. Firstly, it is so because the health care industry is inseparably associated with the development of society. If the world experiences some essential changes, they will inevitably address medicine. Warner and Tighe (2001) show that American medicine was significantly influenced in the early 20 th century when the United States entered the era of “continuing industrialization, open immigration policy, and urban expansion” (p. 317). Thus, the new world order denoted that medical scientists and practitioners should have contributed to solving existing problems. At that time, medical experts were forced to address various medical issues under social pressure. For example, Dr. Abbott explains that inebriety is a disease that is “produced by vice and leads to crime” (Warner & Tighe, 2001, p. 319). The difficulties existed because people who drank alcohol to excess had been considered sinners who had not deserved treatment. Secondly, an opinion concerning the role of women in society also impacted the health care system. It refers to the fact that back in the early 20 th century, female individuals were only responsible for bringing up their children and managing a household. Since the American community significantly limited the potential of women, it was appropriately reflected in medicine. This fact explains the presence of numerous works and articles dedicated to mothers and wives. For example, Warner and Tighe (2001) demonstrate how medical experts expressed their opinions concerning childrearing, feeding, and education. Thus, the article in the women’s magazine Modern Priscilla shows that some social attitudes can indicate the main focus of medical science at a particular moment. Thirdly, the advertisement of a Pulmotor is another example of how society and its separate members can affect the health care industry. The given technological device is essential and necessary for every hospital because it can save the lives of acute patients. It is supported by the words that “for a hospital not to have a Pulmotor will soon be regarded as reprehensible negligence approximating malpractices” (Warner & Tighe, 2001, p. 261). This marketing hook demonstrates that the individuals or bodies that were connected to the production and sale of Pulmotors tried to influence the health care industry. As a result, patients did not want to come to hospitals that did