ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
How do you envision the city of the future? The “city of the future” will react to the issues experienced in the city of today. Most of the population resides in urban regions because of the opportunities available in these areas. However, urban regions encounter problems such as discrimination, unemployment, poverty, and crime. To tackle these issues, the future city will be less dense and develop solutions for urban and rural residents. Future cities will be characterized by green areas, sustainable practices, and hi-tech innovations. The green areas will not be integrated only for esthetic purposes but will be installed to improve comfort and well-being. For the city to be sustainable, it must be characterized by public open beautiful, and maintainable areas. The cities will have diverse transportation systems and will offer appealing incentives for different transportation systems. Facilities and architectural structures are the largest users of resources. The “city of the future” must shift toward ecologically sustainable and electricity efficient structures that cut down water and water use. Recycling will be a major characteristic of future cities and efficient waste management systems and facilities will motivate citizens’ recycling attitudes. The “city of the future” will have hi-tech characteristics that will enable virtual city management via wireless networks, Internet applications, and power sensors. Citizens will have instant information on traffic, weather, congestion data, availability of public transportation, and bicycle users. The future city will provide optimal life quality, and improve the comfort and health of individuals who work and live within the cities. Inhabitable cities are socially accommodative, accessible, inexpensive, secure, healthy, and resistant to the influence of environmental changes. These cities have attractive natural and built environs. The ease of communication characteristic to the city may increase the complexity of information management for security systems. The city of the future will comprise a complex system of data exchange between people and business organizations and this may cause an increase in identity theft. Security is a major determinant of an ideal city and the prevalence of identity theft in the city of the future may reduce the comfort and convenience associated with easy information sharing. To guarantee the safety of its residents, the government of the city of the future must focus on improving its database security systems. Security departments systems may need to be expanded to e
Introduction Topics on spiritual gifts and baptism among others ignite heated debates amongst scholars. Similarly, the topic on hell is large and complicated and it equally sparks debate amongst different people depending on one’s beliefs and perceptions. Two theological concepts form the basis of this controversial debate, viz. the existence of eternal punishment through fire and the view that the unrighteous have a chance to repent after death but before the judgment day (Kvanvig 2010, 61). The controversy revolves around what exactly unfolds to the wicked after their demise. The debate takes a form argument where the classical view differs with the annihilationist perspective (Boyd and Eddy 2009, 232). The controversy is compounded by the view that different people interpret the scriptures disparately (Burley 2006, 178). For example, the annihilationist adherents assert that the words used to describe the final home for the wicked, viz. hell, should be interpreted literally as used (McFarlane 1990, 406). However, the traditionalists have a deeper interpretation of the scriptures by deriving an entirely different meaning of the same reading. This paper seeks to explore the hell debate by considering the different views on the issue. In this paper, the words used in the scripture to describe hell will be identified and explained. In addition, the paper will also explore the history surrounding the concept of hell and analyze the two central views that characterize the protestant evangelicalism to draw a personal conclusion on the concept of hell based on the analyses. Terms used in the bible to refer to hell Some of the words used to refer to hell in the New Testament include geenna, which is a Greek term meaning the eternal home for sinners (Burley 2006, 181). The term is the most used in the scripture and it appears twelve times. The second most used word is hades, which refers to the grave or simply the place where the dead are laid to rest (Holten 1999, 42) and it appears ten times in the scripture. The third word that is commonly used in the scripture is tartaroo, which denotes the action of sending the wicked to hell and it appears only once in the scripture (Smith 2012, 107). The words are derived from Greek and the first one ( geenna ) means a place deeper than the grave as per the Greek language and culture (Kvanvig 2010, 252). Similar words are also evident in the Old Testament where words like seol are common (Watson 1994, 222). The meaning of the terms depends on where it appears in the bible. For example, in Hebrew, the term seol is taken to mean hell or rather the home for the unrighteous (Boyd and Eddy 2009, 277). In the book of Proverbs, the term refers to the home for all people after death whether righteous or unrighteous. Biblical teachings about Hell Biblically, Jesus describes hell fire as “unquenchable fire”, which is preserved for all those who do not repent their sins before meeting their demise (Holten 1999, 52). According to the scriptures, Jesus will send angels to collect and throw the wicked people into a furnace where they will suffer
Introduction Background Organizations in different economic sectors are increasingly facing challenges emanating from the dynamic nature of the business environment. As a result, it is paramount for firms’ management teams to consider ways of enhancing their competitive advantage. To achieve this, firms have to consider a number of issues such as increasing their capacity utilization. It is also important for firms to integrate strategies that will contribute towards reduction of their operating cost. Some of the cost variables that firms management team should consider relate to fuel and material costs. Currently, the global rise in fuel price is affecting firms in different economic sectors. However, firms which largely depend on petroleum as their source of energy are the most affected. An example of such firms is Peregrine Trucking Company which operates within the US transport industry. In addition to rising fuel cost, transportation companies are also facing a challenge as a result of the high rate of climate change. Environmental conscious groups are increasingly becoming concerned on the contribution of the transport sector to climate change. The transport sector is rated as one of the largest emitters of greenhouse gases (GHGs) which are the major causes of climate change (Meyer, Green, Corbett, Mas & Winebrake, 2011, p.285). To survive in such an environment, it is critical for transportation companies to incorporate effective business models. Additionally, they have to improve their operational processes in order to deal with such external pressures. This will enable the firms operate in an environmentally friendly manner. Incorporating such measures will result in an additional financial cost. However, the long term benefits outweigh the cost. Aim This report is aimed at evaluating the options available to Peregrine Trucking Company in an effort to reduce its operating cost and attain a high operational efficiency. Scope The report takes into account the options available to Peregrine Trucking Company. Other firms in the industry are not taken into account. Analysis Peregrine Trucking Company should consider integrating alternative sources of energy that result into minimal or no emission of greenhouse gases. Some of the alternative sources of energy that the company should take into account include compressed natural gas, propane, biofuels, ethanol, methanol and bioethanol (European Commission Enterprise and Industry Directorate-General, 2006, p.13). To achieve this, Peregrine Trucking Company should incorporate hybrid technology. This technology will enable the firm to significantly reduce its cost of operation. This is due to the fact that the firm will be able to utilize alternative fuels which are less costly compared to petroleum based sources of energy. Additionally, adopting hybrid technology will enable the firm to operate social responsibly. However, to achieve this, the firm will be required to replace its fleet which means that the firm will incur high financial cost. Additionally, the c
The modern world is full of different notions, which people try to classify. The behavior is the most interesting and exciting thing which may be classified, as people’s behavior is unique, but still, in different situations, some people hold themselves in the same way. It is rather interesting to seat on the bench and to oversee the people’s behavior on the road. The drives, as the general group, maybe also classified according to different notions, and the classifications may be either, humorous, or serious. I would like to make classify the drivers according to their significance in the behavior on the road. Starting with the simplest classification, sex, it is significant to notice that sex classification is the most interesting and the most distinctive. Watching the rows of the cars on the road, an interesting situation took place. A man had stopped behind the woman on the light signal, and when the yellow light was on, a woman did not start going and the man began to panic, he swung his hands and beeped. The woman did not react. This situation had ruined all my stereotypes. Women are usually the part of mankind, who do not like to wait, who usually in hurry, but the road is the place where women are more concentrative and rule followings than men. So, the first type of classification is according the sex. The other classification seems to be funny, but in reality, people’s characters are seen through their appearance. The male drivers are classified according to the presence or absence of the mustache. It is not a joke. Watching people’s way of driving, I have noticed that the men with mustaches are twice slower than the other drivers, they look to the sides twice, they think when they turn and all their movements are slower than the movements of the driver without a mustache. My opinion is that all the classifications are people’s prejudices and personal convictions, but watching people on the road, the real groups are formed. The driver with the mustache is the person who is very careful on the road, who drives his car carefully and avoiding different conflict situations. The similar behavior on the road is of the people of the same age group. Those who are young, till 30, and those who are under 60 may be put in two different types of the drivers. The young group drives crazy, they hurry, try to slip on the yellow light signal, never make way for others. Those, who under 60, are careful drivers, they no place to hurry. The classification may be developed from the lifestyle of different age groups: young people want to do as much as possible, they want to achieve much. The elder people have already lived the biggest part of their lives and they know that there is nothing to hurry for. In conclusion, watching people is a very catching affair and a lot of new things may be noticed. The drivers may be classified according to the sex differences, according to the age accessory or the appearance distinctive features. Watching people from the side, it becomes interesting to group them according to characteristic features, and it is not the classification which was said, it is personal
Introduction The world has become very competitive in almost all aspects of human life that has necessitated the need to boost performance in order for businesses to continue with their daily operations. Governments, non governmental organizations and individual firms have had to devise cost effective ways of ensuring their business operations are viable despite the high rate of inflation that seems to run out of control. It is common knowledge that modernization has brought stiff competition in the quality and quantity of goods and services produced and those firms that meet the required production standards remain in operations. While some companies have taken to monopolization others have merged under different banners in order to increase efficiency in their delivery of services. Regardless of the approach taken by a company to boost its performance there are various measures it must put in place in order to assess its performance. This essay outlines some of the performance measures a company may adopt, benefits such measures bring to the company and the actions it can take with regard to the outcomes of these measures. Performance is a common term used in business to refer to the value of business out put that is used to assess the viability of any business venture in terms of profits or losses. It is measured in two ways in terms of the volume of goods and services produced and profits or losses generated from the sales made. A measure is any approach taken towards realization of any goal by a business (Cokins 2009). Therefore, performance measures are steps taken by a business organization in the attempt of seeking to identify its position as far as business operations are concerned. This discussion covers the human resource and product and service measures as essential tools of evaluating the performance of any business. Human resource plays a very important role in the daily running of business operations in all organizations. Therefore, it forms an important aspect that can not be isolated from performance. This is due to the fact that human beings constitute a grater percentage of sources of labor in all operations and in areas where machines are used human beings are in charge of controlling them. Performance measures in terms of human resource has various dimensions that include, performance evaluations, productivity reports, turnover, absenteeism and employee satisfaction surveys. Performance evaluations are important measures that businesses undertake in order to assess the levels of production of its workers. Performance is evaluated on the basis of worker’s academic qualifications, experience, interests and skills that are essential in ensuring workers deliver quality work (Luecke 2006). Any worker wh
Introduction Though insurance is all about covering and managing risks, the contribution of the collective and obligatory social insurance systems towards developing social responsibility on every individual of a society is not only built up to cover the costs of illness and disability, to assure the household’s income levels in case of breadwinning premature death, and to provide for a pension during old age. The role is to provide awareness and consciousness individually so as to manage the individual risks. There was a time when entire collective insurance was provided with premiums and benefits regular differentiation on the basis of income only; today, risk management is provided as well. Circumstances are changing as the public systems are restructured and partially dismantled. Developments during the 1990s have comprised some privatisation of social insurance, while those parts that remain in the public domain have been individualised and exposed to competition in considerable measure. Throughout the development and growth phase, insurance has never been subjected to forget managing their risks through the provision of innovative services and advice. Thus insurance systems have been motivated by solidarity, they have been characterised by strong collective and mandatory elements in which public involvement has been all-inclusive in many cases and predominant in others, and the profit motive has been entirely absent in most cases, or at least strongly subdued. Insurance systems have treated social responsibility in the same manner as what in the past was commonly referred to simply as the ‘business economic function’. That means today’s insurance companies concern about weighing the legal, ethical, moral, and social impact and repercussions of each of their decisions in context with our society. Dyer & Whetten (2006) suggests that “In the field of social responsibility, evidence suggests that family-controlled insurance firms serve as irresponsible social actors as compared with other social concerned firms” (Dyer & Whetten, 2006). When Morck and Yeung (2004) examined family-controlled firms in the 27 largest industrialized countries in the world, they found that such family firms were related to various dimensions of societal progress. According to them, “these dimensions were none other than the economic development, physical infrastructure, health care, education, quality of government, and social development measured in the context of income inequality” (Morck & Young, 2004). Though in the UK, risk management focuses on public arrangements to provide for the costs of the treatment of illness and to protect against income shortfalls in the event of poor health or premature death, and during old age, but the primary focus is on those families or individuals who are subjected to many challenges in protecting their property. Of course, with social exclusion comes the area of ‘neighbourhood safety’ and ‘financial crime’. Social issues that occur in insurance responsibility are in three areas: Total compliance with international, federal, state, and local legislative laws and acts, moral and eth
Introduction Social determinants of health are defined as conditions that accompany people’s lives, how they are born, develop, learn, and get older (Cass et al. 2004, p. 145). In the context of the direct and indirect impact of racism as one of the contributors to shaping social determinants of health, it has been identified that health outcomes of Aboriginal Australians were directly influenced by the power imbalance that existed within the healthcare system (Durey, Thompson & Wood 2012, p. 22). According to Kelaher, Ferdinand, and Paradies (2014, p. 1), interpersonal racism in health care is likely to be linked to major psychological distress as well as the lack of professionals’ cultural competency. Racism as a social determinant of Aboriginal health has an indirect negative influence not only on the way such populations are perceived but also on the quality of care that they receive, which is a direct impact on the minority (Durey, Thompson & Wood 2012, p. 18). For example, Indigenous Australians were found to be limited in access to such health care services as kidney transplantation (Cass et al. 2004, p. 144). The problem has gained such a great scale because health professionals have refused to educate themselves on cultural competency and decided to put their prejudices before they care for their patients (Bessarab & Crawford 2013, p. 232). A brilliant contribution to the research on racism toward Aboriginal populations by Bessarab and Crawford (2013, p. 232) concluded that the stigma or trauma of such groups has been recurring across generations, which means that without an appropriate attitude and awareness from the majority of the Australian population, the minority communities will continue experiencing adverse outcomes of racism not only on their physical but also emotional well-being and development. Such an indirect impact of racism is usually placed on the back burner because the emotional wellness of populations has been considered less important (Bessarab & Crawford 2013, p. 232). It can be suggested to evaluate the perceptions of the Aboriginal populations within the sphere of healthcare and in society in general; as seen from the reviewed studies, there is a lack of understanding from the majority of the Australian population that negative attitudes supported by racism can directly decrease the quality of care while indirectly fueling the ever-lasting and institutionalized misconceptions that Indigenous pe
With the consideration of the fact that the costs in the health care segment are considered to be rising, it is worth noting that a number of approaches and recommendations have been proposed to enhance and improve the effectiveness of the sphere of medicine. One of such recommendations involves the implementation of lean production. The philosophy and ideas that are represented in the lean production derive from the industry of manufacturing. Toyota Motors Corporation was the first company that applied this method. The implementation of lean production has already shown beneficial results in the service sector and manufacturing. As a matter of fact, at first, it seems that the principles that are implemented in the working process in manufacturing have no relation to the health care industry; however, it is not so. The primary purpose of this paper is to outline and analyze principles that work in the industry and will complement the health care segment. The production system that was developed and created by Toyota is functioning in a number of industries and is successfully implemented by many companies worldwide (Osono, Shimizu, & Takeuchi, 2008). The reason for the popularity of the system is that it helps to make the process more productive and significantly reduces costs and expenses in order for the customers to purchase products spending less money. Although the production system was developed by Toyota to satisfy the needs of the manufacturing process, it should be noted that key principles could be implemented in a variety of enterprises. The fundamental aspects include the following ones, namely:  1. Elimination of wastes;  2. Valuing the working staff;  3. Continuous improvement ( Edward Deming’s 14 Principles: Business Quality Improvement , 2006). The stated above principles can be applied to the medical sphere. Mark Graban highlights the fundamental issues and matters of concern: One thing that hospitals need to keep in mind regarding lean processes is that it is an approach to management, a philosophy for improving and leading organizations. Hospital leaders and clinicians will have concerns about how it transfers to health care, but the key management practices are very transferable (Hutt, 2010, 33). First and foremost, it is worth noting that the primary focus should receive the problem of elimination of wastes. The actions that do not contribute to the development of the organization should be omitted. This principle can be applied by hospitals as well. The medical establishments should not center on any action that does not improve the quality of delivered care and service (Osono, Shimizu, & Takeuchi, 2008). According to the philosophy of lean production and management, the employees are an integral part of the process; they make up the company, and thus, should participate in the process of constant improvement. Lean management is beneficial for the reduction of wait times. According to the research, Meadows Regional applied the principles of lean management into the working process and identified over 40 steps that w