ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The inner circle of Jesus consisted of Peter, James and John. A number of incidences narrated in the gospels indicate that Jesus worked most closely with the three. In Luke 9:28, Jesus takes only Peter, John and James up the mountain to pray. Similarly, in Luke 8:49-56, Jesus allows only these three to enter Jairus’ house with him. In Mark14:32-42, in the Garden of Gethsemane, Jesus takes Peter, James and John some distance away from the others to pray. In Mark 14:34, Jesus asks Peter, John, and James to keep watch as he prays in the garden of Gethsemane. He goes some distance away from them and prays to his Father. When he returns to the disciples, he finds the three asleep; this happens three times that night. The fact that the disciples do not keep the watch and fall asleep while Jesus is praying shows that Jesus lived a lonely life. Although Peter, John and James were quite close to him, it appears that Jesus lived in solitude. Peter plays a leadership role in the inner circle of Jesus. For instance, in Luke 9: 33, Peter was the one who offered Jesus to put up three shelters. In addition, it is quite often that Jesus addresses namely Peter; for example, in Mark 14:32-42, Jesus reproaches Peter for having fallen asleep while Jesus was praying. He also advises Peter to watch and pray at the same time for not to fall into temptation and fall asleep the next time. Finally, Peter was the first to enter Jesus’ tomb to get convinced that Jesus had risen from the dead. Eyewitness Reports of the Transfiguration The transfiguration affirmed and strengthened the eyewitnesses’ faith. Once the three apostles have seen Jesus in his glistening garments and heard the voice of God who has named Jesus his beloved son, they no longer doubted Jesus’ powers. John 1:9 narrates that John the Baptist has a mission to bring light to everyone who comes into the world. John 1:14 explains that what Jesus prophesied has come true. To prove this, John adds that he and other apostles saw Jesus’ glory, the glory that befitted the Father’s only son, the glory that was full of truth and grace. In both verses, John is under the impression from his witnessing the Transfiguration for during the transfiguration episode he saw Jesus in light and glory and heard the voice of God who ordered John and other witnesses to listen to Jesus. John 12:28-30 presents an episode in which Jesus asks God to glorify His name. And God told to Jesus that he had already glorified his name and would do it again. This message refers to Transfiguration when Jesus was carried into his glory and the day of his resurrection when his name has been glorified again. In 2 Peter 1:10-19, Peter narrates how he and other apostles have been eyewitnesses to Jesus’ majestic glorification. He says that he heard the voice from heaven confirming that Jesus was the only son of God and commanding that all should listen to him. Peter is using the tr
Introduction Conflict and stress, in reasonable levels, can become a source of competitive advantage within a project team. This is because it challenges members to be constructive and collaborative. On the other when left to spiral out of control, conflict and stress may diminish team members’ morale, it may divide them and even cause failed project work. Therefore, conflicts need to be effectively managed in order to avoid these destructive effects. It is essential to know the sources of those conflicts and also identify some of the ways of preventing their occurrence. Sources of conflict and ways of minimizing them Conflicts within the workplace can sometimes arise out of divergent work patterns. Members of a project team by their very nature are quite different. Each person may possess a different way of handling a project task and when these methods have not been synchronized then conflict may arise (Furlong, 2005). In order to avoid problems that stem from these differences, parties must provide their viewpoints and then integrate them into one effective strategy for dealing with the problem. On the other hand, a contractor and a client may also have different understandings of what the project work entails. To this end, it is essential to iron out these differences prior to commencement of the project because if the expectations vary then the outcomes are also likely to vary as well. Alternatively, differences in goals may come about due to the divergence of the parties involved in a project. Sometimes this could be internal or external. In terms of the internal goal differences, certain members of an organization may oppose the goals of a project team that does not fall within their group. Furthermore, the needs of a particular project team may be totally different from that of another business unit and this may necessitate some kind of tradeoffs between these two parties. One way of achieving this is through the creation of a common direction for both parties to follow. Alternatively, personality differences may also lead to problems within specific teams. Sometimes, a team may have very strong leadership and the actual team members maybe very strong personalities as well. What this does is that it creates an environment of excessive competition and domination of others’ actions. Consequently, when selecting the respective members of a team, a project manager must ensure that he or she balances the personality types in the group. Overly strong characters should be partnered with those who have subtle personalities. It may sometimes be difficult for project team managers to do this because of resource constraints; nonetheless, they need to work with what they have. In other words, members sh
Introduction The movie “Modern Times”, widely considered to be Chaplin’s greatest work follows the adventures of Chaplain as he attempts to find a suitable job despite various unfortunately events and high jinks causing him to lose jobs one after the other. While the movie itself is a comedy it does have various hidden metaphorical meanings which lend the film a greater brevity and meaning as compared to other silent films of the era. One theme which is expanded on in a comedic fashion is the effect being incarcerated has on an individual and his ability to adjust to society after being imprisoned for such a long period of time. Examination of the Movie Towards the middle part of the movie people can see that Chaplain, after being released from jail, finds himself longing to be sent back to prison and being so far incapable of finding a proper job for himself. In reality this particular scene can be reinterpreted as the experiences newly released ex-convicts have when they are released from jail. For a majority of them social reintegration is a harsh reality after years of being in a prison system where all their needs were taken care of (Coakley, 18). For them, reintegration is a harsh and arduous affair wherein due to their history of being a felon they are often derided against or shunned due to their past history. As a result, this causes them to lose the ability to gain a stable means of employment resulting in them turning back to a life of crime either to survive or to be sent back to jail where they can at least be provided with somewhat decent living conditions. It is this very experience that lies at the heart of “Modern Times”, while the film does express sentiments akin to the life of people during the modern day era it also reveals how due to societal changes in this era of ours people who have previously been incarcerated have no choice but to continue a cycle of crime as a result of the attitudes of the local populace. While the film is comedic in nature it actually reveals the flaws of today’s modern society wherein people have to act in a certain way, be a certain type of person or behave in a prescribe manner in order to be accepted in society. Chaplin’s decidedly awkward actions are actually a parody of how people learn how to conform to a society where being “different” often times leads to uncomfortable if not harsh circumstances. In fact it can be stated that the film itself shows how society itself has created prisons for the various individuals who live in it wherein they are unable to escape from the roles society has created for them as a result of their need to conform in order to survive. Conclusion Based on my interpretation of the film it can be said that one of the reasons why “Modern Times” has been so critically acclaimed is due to the fact that it was able to explore several themes regarding society with the main character saying little if nothing at all. In fact it can be stated that the depictions shown in the movie, th
Background According to Gardener’s theory of multiple intelligences, children can acquire knowledge through different ways because they have different capabilities and competences. It is apparent that every student has special skills and learning needs. However, teachers often fail to identify the capabilities of their students in part because of the conventional teaching methods that they use in kindergarten classrooms. The success of most education programs is attributed to the application of modern teaching methods. The teaching methods commonly used in well-organized education programs include project work, self-directed learning, literature-based reading, and problem-based curriculum. Montessori education system emphasizes the importance of a well-prepared learning environment since it enhances high performance among students. Piaget (1970, p. 30) asserts that the development of intelligence and acquisition of knowledge is a continuous process. The facets of intelligence include analytical, creativity, and practical skills. The primary role of intelligence is to facilitate understanding and invention. Successful learning is correlated with the incessant development of primary sensory motor actions among children. Thus, the more “practice a child gets with sensorial activities the higher a child will perform abstract mental operations”. Young learners should be guided to generate ideas and to discover mathematical relations on their own rather than forcing them to accept other’s thoughts. Children should gain experience in using mathematical skills through regular practice. This helps them to develop deductive reasoning and neurological thinking, which is essential for their academic progress. According to Nicholl (1998, p. 37), teaching efforts should focus on knowledge acquisition. An effective teaching strategy should facilitate the development of the learner’s character, emotional maturity, and wisdom. Nonetheless, the teaching methodologies used in most schools are ineffective because majority of students lack essential skills such as analytical ability and creativity, as well as, flexibility in thought. In this regard, teachers should help their students to develop interpersonal intelligence. This will enable students to assess their weaknesses and strengths. Montessori (1995, pp. 5-12) asserts that infancy is the most important stage in a child’s development and learning because their interest to learn is at its peak. Consequently, educators must utilize the appropriate methodologies to maximize learning at the infancy stage. It is against this backdrop that the Montessori teaching methodology focuses on developing young learner’s sensorial and motor skills during their early years. A Montessori teacher must focus on continuous improvement of their professional skills in order to facilitate better learning. Teachers who are responsible for teaching above average students are aware of the fact that different strategies help them to meet the diverse needs of their students. Nonetheless, the statistics on students’ performance in mathematics indicate that a lot of improvement is still needed in tea
Literature review People’s choices for foods and other nutrition-related practices are influenced by a variety of determinants with tremendous consequences for nutrition. Understanding consumer behaviour helps nutrition specialists to deliver effective nutrition intervention programs. Existing literature suggests that many students purchase foods outside school’s meal programs, mostly snacks and sweetened beverages with high calories and low nutritional value (Hales, 2010; Koplan et al., 2005). Economic determinants influence food choices among students, especially the price of food and convenience (Hales, 2010; Li, 2011). A research study by Cullen et al. (2000) demonstrated that many children eat out and are allowed to eat what they want. Among these children, parental influence on the menu choice occurs only when cost is an issue (Cullen et al., 2000). In a related study by Pokin et al. (2005), it was reported that food expenditure patterns for high priced products significantly reduces the number of fruits servings, vegetables and dairy products consumed by students suggesting that costly foods influence student’s choices. Student’s choice of healthy foods for consumption appears to be determined by nutrition and health influences. In a study to investigate the effect that nutritional education has on a consumer’s diet, Shakkour (2008) demonstrated that nutritional education could help people improve the quality of eating behaviors. This suggests that wellness policies in schools and other school-based activities aimed at promoting positive dietary behavior could help solve the problem of overweight students and reduce the risk of obesity. However, dietary choices and physical activity behaviors among adolescents and children are influenced by familial factors, societal factors, the media and other settings (Gay, 2006; Martin and Oakley, 2008). According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2011), schools provide supportive environment for students to learn and practice healthy behaviors such as the choice of healthy foods and physical activity. Current literature shows that healthy diets are unaffordable and cost is a major barrier for students in accessing healthy foods (Rivas and Flores, 2011). In a systematic demand analysis for unhealthy and healthy food, Zheng and Zhen (2010) reported little evidence that substitution between healthy and unhealthy food could be induced by relative price changes. Such findings are consistent with arguments by Rivas and Flores (2011) that increasing taxes on unhealthy food items could raise their relative prices and result to positive change in eating behaviors. Rivas and Flores (2011) asserted that cash incentives may
This paper is about the film “Apocalypse Now” by Coppola, which is about the war in Vietnam. If talking about the word Apocalypse in the title of the movie, it might represent a couple of meanings that are labeled in the film. As the war in the film portrayed as the end of everything human in people, Apocalypse, if interpreted as the end of the world can be labeled to all the ongoing events in the movie. Where every person in the film watches the destruction of his usual and regular values that meant something back home and the human life turns out to be so cheap. This can indicate the apocalypse in the form that relates to the participants of the events. The usage of the word “now” can imply that there is no need to wait for the “Apocalypse” to happen as it is already now at the present time. The other interpretation of Apocalypse, as a form of revelation of something previously hidden, is the changes in thoughts and views of Captain Willard. Through his journey to assassinate Kurtz, Willard as he watches all the horrifying events of the war, reaches the point where he no longer has the belief in the propriety of his mission. The Vietnamese in the film are somewhat a decoration or an obstacle in a way that shows that they have no real value. The film in a certain way is not about specific categories of people whether Vietnamese or Americans, though the latter have the most screen time. The film shows that in a war the human life can worth nothing at all. In general most of the time the Vietnamese are portrayed as innocent victims, not victims of Americans, but rather victims of the war itself where both sides participated.
Objective Plastic waste is mainly created in urban areas where people find the use of plastic to be economical and effective. But it is a serious threat to the environment and it is not bio degradable. Plastic waste generated by the industry and retailers are not only toxic and hazardous but are also created in large amounts, and thus when not treated and disposed off properly, it leads to human toxicity. One of the most important aspects of today’s consumer durable products is environment friendliness. It should be remembered that with developing consciousness in relation to more greener and cleaner earth environment friendliness of a product is fast becoming the chief component of sales.Thus it is essential to convince the mass to restrain from using plastic bags and use bags that are reusable in nature. Thus, the main aim of the project would be to find proper means that would encourage people to use reusable bags. Plan of action This is an individual project and it would spread awareness in context of a greener environment. So, the only solution to the problem of making people understand the value of reusable bags is to bring the consumers face to face with the problems they would have to go through if they do not quit plastic bags and use reusable bags instead. Step one of the campaign mainly focuses on empowering the participants in order to make them quit their plastic bag habits. There would be 2 phases of the plan. Phase A would deal with preparation and delivery of the reusable bags and Phase B would involve distribution of bags among public for free. In Phase A, thorough research would be done in order to learn the techniques of making reusable bags. It would also involve scheduling, budgeting and design of the reusable shopping bags. Then the process of making the bags would start. After the bags are painted and ready to use, they would be distributed at different locations like shopping mall, bus stops etc, (Pelosi, 125) Strategy Purely from the point of view of environment friendliness and biodegradability this reusable bags would score higher points. This is because they hardly use any chemicals used and it is a fast biodegradable. The chief reason behind this is that it uses a high amount of thick fibers and thus making it healthy. As a result, the entire process would involve distribution among general plastic bag users for free so that they can change their bad habits of using plastic bags. However, purely from the point of view of a biodegradable commodity the reusable bags with the help of free distribution methods would easily be a prime preference. It must be mentioned in this context that apart from being biodegradable it is very helpful in breaking down papers and wastes with the help of natural paints used in the bags that is used as a control of waste treatment and is present in a concentrated form. The mass would surely appreciate this and shift to use reusable bags in the long run. (Ros
Introduction The world mass media has become an integral part of our everyday life. The fact is that, every agency represents the news in some particular angle, while in order to get the full image it is necessary to review several sources. Thus, the current paper is aimed to analyze two events of world significance, and how these events are presented in two sources. Iran Test-Fires new Missile American News TEHRAN — The Iranian military has test-fired a new generation of surface-to-surface missiles designed for defensive purposes, television reports said Wednesday. The New York Times states, that Iran has test-fired new ground-to-ground missiles. “ The new missile announced Wednesday is called the Sejil and used solid-fuel propellants, the government’s English-language Press TV said on its Web site and in a scrolling headline. ” Analyzing this article, it is necessary to mention, that it does not reveal any anxiety of the US government of the fact of testing such powerful weapons. The USA, as the world policemen, initiated the imposing of sanctions upon Iran, and the fact of testing new missiles cannot be left unmentioned. (Westard, 2008) However, correspondents emphasize, that the range of the missile is enough for targeting the territory of Israel. “ At the time, state-run media said the missiles were long- and medium-range weapons, and included a Shahab-3, which Tehran maintains is able to hit targets up to 1,250 miles away from its firing position. Parts of western Iran are within 650 miles of Tel Aviv .” (Fathi, Cowell, 2008). In the context of the Middle East conflict, this massage sounds rather terrifying, as the breakthrough in the arms races may result in the following aggravation of the conflict. Moreover, many sanctions are imposed on Iran for the suspicion in Uranium procession, so these test-fires may be regarded as the threat to violate the world safety (Fathi, Cowell, 2008). Press TV (Iranian News agency) Iran has successfully test-fired a new domestically-designed and -manufactured missile in line with enhancing its combat capabilities (Press TV, 2008). Iranian agency reports that the fire-tests were held during an Islamic Revolution Guards Corps (IRGC) military drill in the border city of Marivan in the Western province of Kurdistan, Iran. “ Iran says its ballistic missiles, such as the advanced Shahab-3 capable of hitting targets within a range of 2,000 kilometers, are intended for defensive purposes. ”Iranian government openly proclaims that Iran has ballistic missiles, and the successful launch of the ballistic missile caused anxiety among American and Israeli militaries. Minister of Defense of Israel Ehud Barak stated, that Tel-Aviv is convinced, that Iran goes on elaborating nuclear weapons. (Press TV, 2008) Iran, in its turn does not threaten anyone, but warns, that in case of coming under attack by either the US or Israel, it w
Introduction Gregg (2002) explains that “Epidemiology is the study of pattern, causes and effects of health diseases and conditions in defined populations” (Gregg, 3). It represents methods of health studying that are applicable to a variety of health problems, from how the infectious diseases are transmitted amongst various individuals to how to design healthcare strategies. The study has been considered in the public health sector as the basic and fundamental way of approaching the health related issues, analyzing data collected and as the most appropriate way of understanding the data collected. Epidemiology has been effective in developing methodology used in clinical research processes, public related health problems and concrete suggestions to curb on the problems that are arising. Major areas involved in the practice of epidemiology include bio-monitoring, disease surveillance and screening, outbreak investigation and disease etiology. Epidemiologists helped in designing related studies, collecting and analyzing statistical data and interpreting the end results. They also relied on biological methods to investigate and understand the diseases, make appropriate data and draw the right conclusions. Epidemiological designs are useful in achieving specified public sector’s health objectives. These objectives compose of identifying alleged disease, how they are related and the most qualified way of curing them. The interventions need to be fully assessed to establish their effectiveness. Gregg (2002) explains that “Field epidemiology here involves the hands on practice of epidemiology methods to the unexpected health diseases when an emergency investigation is needed for appropriate involvement” (p. 39). Due to the nature of the disease breakouts that occurred, epidemiologists have been designing new strategies to intervene on emergencies. Methodologies have been changing with time and applied to a wider range of health problems. In addition, more techniques have been adapted from other